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HARVARD 
COLLEGE 
LIBRARY 



Tragedies 



// 



Literally translated, with 
critical and illustrative notes 
and an introduction by 

Theodore Alois Buckley* 

To ifhich is added an appendix 

containing the new readings of 

Hermann's posthumous edition* 

Translated and considered by 

George Burges 



Hew York, 
Harper & Brothers 

l88e 



£a. ?. S 






^HARVARD > 

lUNIVERSITYl 

LIBRARY 

SEP 5 1973 






PREFACE. 



1 



■ * 



Tub following translation has been undertaken with the 
view of presenting the classical student with a close and literal 
version of jftschylus, and of furnishing the general reader with 
a faithful copy of the Author's thoughts and words, although 
the graces of poetic expression must be sacrificed in a literal 
prose version. 

The Translator gratefully acknowledges the help ho has de- 
rived from the labors of his predecessors, and trusts that ho 
will generally be found to have preferred the best rendering 
consistent with the letter of the text. His object has not been 
to exhibit an elegant though loose paraphrase, but to render 
the version as closo a verbal transcript of the original as could 
bo dono without absolute violation of good taste. 

The best scholars of Germany and England have of late 
combined the duties of the philologer with those of the trans- 
la tor, 1 duties which ought never to have been separated, lite 
present Translator has attempted the same ; but, as the limits 
of the work rendered condensation imperative, his aim has been 
rather to direct the inquiring student to sources of information 
than to enter at full length upon all the difficulties of an author 
\ like JEschylus. 

The notes, with a few acknowledged exceptions, are original, 
and will, it is hoped, prove useful in giving the student some 
idea of the present condition of the text of ^schylus. If the 

1 See Conington'e Preface to his translation of " Tho Agamemnon." 




Author shall Mem on some occasions to have been sevcro in 
his condemnation of particular views, it is not from n disposi- 
tion to underrate men fur above him in reputation and attain- 
ment*, but because their very superiority luuda a dangerous 
■unction to clever, but unsafe, sophistry. 

The translation is accommodated to the text of Dindorf, ex- 
cept in such instances as this scholar's own notes, or the obvi- 
ous necessity of alteration warranted a clungo. In all such 
instances, as in the translation of Sophocles lately published, 
the reader is duly forewarned. 

In the u Sanplicca," too Translator has confined his notes to 
■> mention of some necessary variations, and a few references 
to the able notes of Mr. Foley, as ho was by no means dis- 
posed to venture on the thankless task of commenting on so 
corrupt a text, without long and careful rc-examination of the 
criticism thereof. Should an opportunity of publishing tho 
original text of JEschylus occur hereafter, bo Still thinks that 
much may bo done, by moderate alteration, to render tho heavy 
accumulation of mystical interpret at ions unnecessary. 

The introductory essay, like prefaces in general, may require 
some apology. Matters of tasto are an open question, and if 
bis remarks shall bo thought not wholly devoid of interest, the 
■ wish of the Author will ho realized. 

TazoDosx Alois Booklet. 

Ciritt CfcoKi, Ozferi. 



INTRODUCTION. 



i 



I 



\! 



JEsciiylus, son of Euphorion, was born at Elcusis, B.C. 
525. His ciirly employment to watch the grapes in a vine- 
yard is traditionally reported to havo led to tbo development 
of his tragic genius, and possibly to some less excusable pro- 
pensities of his character, in which the god Bacchus was equal- 
ly concerned. He first appeared as a tragedian in B.C. 499, 
with Chocrilus and Pratinas for his competitors. In B.C. 
400, ho distinguished himself at tbo battle of Marathon, in 
company with his brothers Cyncgeirus and Amcinias. In B.C. 
484, ho gained his first tragic victory, and in B.C. 480, ho 
fought at Salumis : thus, as Schlcgcl 1 observes, " he flourished 
in the very freshness and vigor of Grecian freedom, and a proud 
senso of the glorious struggle by which it was won sccrns to 
have animated him and his poetry." This warliko vein is 
conspicuous in the "Perec" and "Seven against Thebes," whilo 
the "Agamemnon" is replete with pathetic illustrations of tbo 
toils, dangers, and sufferings of a soldier's life. 

His journeys into Sicily involve some intricate questions, 
but the received opinion seems to settle his first visit in B.C. 
4G8, immediately after his defeat by Sophocles, and he prob- 
ably spent somo time there, if the use of Sicilian words in 
his later plays may bo adduced as an argument* Tho other 
journey was probably ten years after, B.C. 458, and, as Miil- 
lcr thinks, was undertaken in consequence of the aristocratic 
notions so' freely expressed in his " Eumcnidcs," which were 

1 Led. vi. p. 80, od. Doha. 



n 



INTRODUCTION. 



too openly opposed to the interests of Pericles' party, then in 
the ascendant, to render Athens a safe abode for our poet. 
Other accounts state that a charge of impiety was the real 
cause of his second departure, and that he only escaped the 
fury of the populace through the intervention of the Areopa- 
gus. His death took place at Gela, H.C. 45G. The story is, 
thai an eagle having mistaken his btUd head for a stone, drop- 
ped a tortoise upon it in order to break tho shell, and that the 
blow proved fatal. There seems, however, little doubt but 
thai our poet died in the ordinary course of nature, as his ad- 
vanced age would render probable. 

The number of ploys written by JEschylus is doubtful, but, 
as in the case of Sophocles, seven only have survived the rav- 
ages of time. Among these seven we are fortunate in pos- 
sessing a complete trilogy, consisting of tho " Agamemnon," 
44 Chocphonc," and " Eumcnidcs." Tho remaining plays are 
the M Prometheus Bound," the " Seven Chiefs against Thebes," 
the "Persians," and the "Suppliants." 

In criticising the plays of jfrchylus, due regard must be had 
to the state in which iEschylus found tho drama, and to tho 
difference between his earlier and later works, as far as the 
existing specimens allow us to judge. 

When we are told that JEachylus formed the dialogue of 
the Athenian stage, by adding a second actor, it is evident 
thai the preceding dramas must have consisted of little else 
than a recitative and chorus alternately following each other. 
The single actor probably detailed some legend possessing a 
mythological or local interest, while the chorus relieved the 
monotony by songs and dances connected with the subject. 
If we consider the earliest specimens of our own drama, we 
shall find the dialogue heavy, and consisting of long para- 
graphs, while the more modern stage limits these lengthy 
speeches to narrative, argument, or soliloquy. But in the 
•"Suppliants" of iEschylus (which some scholars consider 



INTRODUCTION. vU 

tho most ancient specimen of tho Greek drama that has de- 
scended to us In ft complete form), we shall find that the cho- 
rus nre really tho chief personages in the piece, and as JE*- 
diylus is considered to have limited tho functions of tho chorus, 
it follows that the single actor was rather subservient to car- 
rying on tho story, than tho hero of it. And this agrees with 
Aristotle's account, that JGschylus " introduced on actor of 
first ports," 1 evidently showing that the histrionic abilities 
previously required in tho actor were of on inferior order. 
Throughout the whole piny of tho " Suppliants," the pathos 
rests entirely with the chorus, the speeches of Dunaus and the 
king are quiet and didactic, and even the herald lacks the 
haughtiness with which such persons are elsewhere invested. 
Setting aside the chorus, the whole play exhibits a dead level 
of moral commonplaces and mythical details. It might in- 
deed be read and performed " with characters omitted." As 
far as the corrupt state of tho choruses will allow us to judge, 
they were genial, brilliant, and graceful, but the very nature 
of a chorus destroyed all individualization. Their griefs, joys, 
and emotions, wen common to all their number f there were 
so many heroines that there was no heroine. 

There is another feature in tho Suppliees, which points to 
its extreme antiquity, and that is its undmmatic character. In 
tliii first chorus wo are told as much as we know at the end 
of the play. Like tho prologues prefixed to tho comedies of 
Terence (unnecessary, as the plot is always the same), tho 
opening chorus contains tho whole argument of the piece. 
The Danaldcs have fled from Egypt to avoid the lawless love 

1 Twining hu miataken the «cnio of Poetiei $ IV.. D.. in tranilnting 
rav 7,iyov itpuTayvvurrilv irapeaitciiant , "ho made Ihc dialogue the prin- 
cipal part of tragedy." Paciui tranalatca "■onnoncm primarum parliura 
initituil." Hermann i ■ Hitter both lake it to mean the actor, and ao 
Robortelli, in hii learned common lary, p. 41, wliero Iho aubject ia admi- 
rably illuetnted. Dacicr ru more correct. 



viii INTRODUCTION. 

of their kinsmen, they crave protection, are admonished to 
behave themselves; tber obtain protection, and, it is to be 
hoped) follow their Cither's advice. There is, in fact, some- 
thing half comic in the whole story, and the effect could only 
have been heightened by a concluding play in the trilogy (if 
there was any 1 ), in which their punishment should luivo been 
ant before the eye* of the spectator, with real tubs and real 
water. 

After what has been said on the subject of the "Suppliants," 
the reader will perhaps bo surprised to find that Schlcgel 
eoondcri the "Person," "both in point of choice of subject, 
and the manner of handling it, undoubtedly the most im- 
perfect of all the extant tragedies of this poet." JEechylut 
certainly labored under the same disadvantages as Lucan 
awl Siliua Iialicus, in having chosen a subject too near his 
own tune to possess a mythical interest, nnd too much de- 
pending upon narrative to ho truly dramatic But ho suc- 
cessfully appealed to the feelings of the audience, who doubt- 
leas listened to this panegyric upon Athens with as much 
satisfaction as an English audience npplnudcU the braggart 
prologues "spoken upon occasion," during tlie lost century. 
There is too great a desire in German critics to elevate the 
i of Athenian nJincmcnt. The conclusion of the 



1 The subject of the trilogy )■ »rry uncertain, and Mullcr and Wcleker 
hart probably Mid us much more on (he subject than I he Athenians 
IkmirliFi knew. If the cuMom had been invariable, aurely tlio didaa- 
call* would have told u» •omcthinp, on tho subject! Notwithilonding 
the opinion! of Schlcgel, Lect. vi., and Mullcr, Literature of Greece, 
XXIII. t B, I do not believe that either the " Suppliants" or " Persians" 
formed any part of a trilogy. j£echy]oa ia laid to have written cither 
SO or 70 dramas. Neither ofthew numben arts diviaililc both by * ami 
X without a remainder. If tbe playa were always acted three or four at 
• tisne. this would have been the cose. Nor am I single in my opinion. 
Sea T. Voter, Comm. do iEech. Persia, in Neue jahrbucher fur Philologia 
k,Jali,lS43. 




INTRODUCTION. U 

" Persians" savors too much of ridicule, to oxcito any high 
feelings of commiseration, and this piny, like tho " Sevan 
against Thebes," ought to liavc ended sooner. 

Hut in tho episodes ./ICschylus tins sltown great power. Tho 
prevailing notion throughout tho play is of a doily favoring 
the Athenians, and overthrowing the haughty yoke of tho Per- 
sians. The atheistic impiety of Xerxes is hinted at, and his 
too-late repentance is an instance of the fatalism found through- 
out tho " Agamemnon," and pervading tho .Aeschylean drama. 
The piety of the Greeks, on the contrary, is powerfully con- 
trasted, and tho deity is accordingly represented as " beginning 
the fight." This description of the sea-fight is wonderfully an- 
imated, and could bo written only by an eye-witness of the 
victory of Salainis, while tho description of tho fate of the mis- 
erable remnants of the Persian army, as detailed by tho mes- 
senger, is in tho highest degree graphic. 

Nor was tho avocation of Darius less pleasing to an Athe- 
nian mind. Tho ancient prophecies of llacis and others, 
which, although they might refer to mythical events, were 
nevertheless greedily seize! upon, and applied to tho present 
moment, and the recognition of ancient local traditions by 
supernatural powers, was an agreeable sacrifice to tho vanity 
of the Athenians. Every man would liave exclaimed with 
Ilamlct i 

— Touching thii vinion bore, 
It is an :,.;•■: gkort— 
Kay, ^Eschylus has excited a feeling of pity for the defeat of 
tho Persians, by the amiable dignity with which he has invest- 
ed the character of their former lord. The n,uiet, substantial 
steadiness of Darius is die most powerful satire upon iho in- 
temperance of their auh.Hoquent ruler that can bo imagincil, and 
the whole evocation is invested with a mystical solemnity that 
makes us forget its ideality. 

Many critics consider tho "Persians" as tho earliest of tho 



X INTRODUCTION. 

extant plays of JEschylus, bat for the reasons above stated, I 
am inclined to give the higher antiquity to the " Suppliant*." 

If the u Seven against Thebes' 9 was connected with the 
"Eleasinians," aa Miiller thinks, I scarcely believe that JEs- 
dijlns would have ended with an anticlimax, by introducing 
the lamentations of Antigone and Ismcna over their fallen 
brother*. When this critic fray*, " this concluding scene points 
aa distinctly as the end of the Choephone to the subject of a 
piece, which was doubtless Mho Eleusininns,' 9M he os- 
too much. In the first place, it is clear from Plutarch 
(Thes. p. 14, A), that tlie burial of tlie chieftains was effected 
by Theseus under a truce, not by violence. If, therefore, mat- 
ters were amicably arranged, why should Antigone bo " close- 
ly connected with this subject V The fact is, Miiller has told 
us a great deal tliat we do not know, but has overlooked the 
only point that Plutarch tells us respecting the " Elcusinians," 
which, unfortunately, contradicts his whole theory. We might 
aa well say that the threats of the Mycenian elders, at the 
end of the " Agamemnon," necessarily required the " Choe- 
phone, 99 to open with their revolt, as that, because Antigone 
threatens to bury her brother, JEschylus was obliged to make 
her do so in another play, of which all our knowledge only 
proves the contrary. The theory of tetralogy has been car- 
ried much too far. 

The u Seven against Thebes 9 * is doubtless an early play, and 
is aa undramatic as the M Persians. 99 But tho high tone of 
true Grecian chivalry which reigns throughout, the splendid 
individuality of tho characters, despite their one common feat- 
ure of physical valor, is equal to any thing, even in JEechy- 
lns. The description of each warrior is not only a physical 
and heroic, but on ethical picture. Tho high-soulcd Amphi- 
anas, whose destiny led him to that death his wisdom fore- 
eaw, whose fate impelled him to that society his sense shrunk 

'Lit of Greece, p. 334. 




INTRODUCTION. xi 

from, is pathetically contrasted with the mod boldness of the 
other chicftuins— his religion with their impiety— Ids modesty 
wit!) their idle Taunting — his wisdom with their recklessness. 
And when Kteocles praises him, we almost forget that he too 
lies under the ban of fate. So good does Etcoclcs seem by his 
praise of the good. 

In allusion to the question of a connection between dramas, 
it may be worth while to observe tho different degrees of fa- 
talism that influence tiie minds of the two brothers in this 
play, and in the " (Edipus at Colouus" of Sophocles, l'oly- 
niccs, in tho latter piny, is presented to us as the hcurt-brokon 
fugitive, tho wandering victim of a father's curse, softened by 
misfortune, and soaking to palliate tho wrath of his destiny. 
But in the Etcoclcs of jEschylus there is no compunction, 
lie remembers the curse of his aged sire, and speaks oven 
with affection of the mnn who liad banned his lawless lifo 
by a paternal anathema, llut ho socks not to avert tho 
doom. Stern, uncompromising, be will meet the man ho 
must slny, by whom ho must himself fall. Still, as Sophocles 
has softened tho character of l*oiy niees till he almost obtains 
our pity, so has iEschylus heightened that of Etcoclcs with 
sentiments of temperate prudence and undaunted courage, till 
he deserves it ; and in this respect both have exemplified tho 
precept of Aristotle. 

I shall now proceed to tho consideration of tho "Prome- 
theus," tho sublimes! poem and simplest tragedy of antiquity. 
I have one motive in doing nn, in reference to that great triad 
of tragedies, the " Orcsicia," and that is to show the similar 
aristocratic spirit that pervades the whole of the four plays. 
The Titan majesty of mankind had boon infringed by tho 
new gods of Olympus, and Prometheus appeared as their 
protector, the assert ur of their rights. Opposed to a ucw 

1 Poetics, 4 XIII. 16, *n<l in i XI. 6, he enumerate* *, •■>■ :v Qavtpv 
Biivaroi among the thing« tliot eicilo pity. 



XII 



INTRODUCTION. 



aristocracy, ho was still the supremo power of tho old one. 
In tho true spirit of the old aristocracy he labored for tho 
benefit of his weaker dependants. Tho Olympian gods, like 
the par ve nus of Aristotle, 1 are every where represented as 
oppressing mankind and each other. Moreover, Prometheus 
represents the intellectual ascendency of mankind over tho 
creation, the power of moral progress in opposition to phys- 
ical strength and conventional resources. The imprudenco 
of Jove is hereafter to destroy that power, in tho haughtiness 
of which he had thought fit to spurn the god of wisdom from 
him. Much as I am disinclined to allegorical interpreters 
and interpretations, much as I dislike the tediousness of an 
Eustathius or the barbarism of a Fulgcntius, still the " Pro- 
metheus" of .Aeschylus can not but scorn a magnificent imper- 
sonation of mind struggling against circumstances, intellect 
against force, providence against fate. And the very fatalism 
of this play is pleasing. Unlike the gloomy demon that lurks 
over the ill-fated house of Myccmc, unlike tho Fates that but 
exchange death for revenge, Prometheus is ever cheered by 
the triumphant prospect before hi in. As ho foresaw his 
present troubles, so he even names tho time of their termina- 
tion. His very philanthropy, his inability to do further good, 
force from him tho groan of the hero, but, as the good man 
meets death, so docs ho meet pain— conscious that there is 
■omctliing yet to come. 

Tlie introduction of Io is perfectly agrceablo to AriM(ot1e*s 
idea of Episode, and enables us to learn tho deeds of Pro- 
metheus, and to test his powers of prescience. Moreover, 
Prometheus and Io are both victims to the power of Zeus, 
both await their relief from his downfall. Tho pathetic de- 
scription of Io*s fall, her exclusion from the home of her sor- 
rowing sire, her phantom-stricken wanderings over earth and 
ore all depictured with a power that proves how JEuchy* 

■ Cr llhM. II. 9, 9. 



INTRODUCTION. xlU 

ius could touch the tondcrcst, as well as tho moat lofty cmo- 
tions of the human tout. 

Miillcr Las entered, with somo ability, into the question of 
tlio discrepancy between the character of Zeus as portrayed 
in this play, and in the later works of our poet. I grant that 
the tyrannical Zeus of this play is unlike the mild potentate, 
"who guides men in the ways of wisdom," 1 or the "grout 
Zeus in heuven,"* whoso aid ttie fatherless may hnploro with 
conndenco against their oppressors, hut I do not see tho 
necessity of reconciling the inconsistency. If JKschylus could 
create a conception, ho might also deport from it. Zeus was 
as necessarily tho tyrant in tho Titan world, ns ho was the 
mild governor of thingn in the heroic ages. But Miillcr hat 
rightly observed, tlutt this discrepancy is partly reconciled by 
tho Glut that Prometheus every wlicro appears in the light of 
an offender against tho " powers that be," too proud to rev- 
erence Adrastcia, Liko Antigone, lie is relatively guilty, in 
offending against ruling authorities j liko her, lie is abstract- 
edly right. The sin of both is tho sin of limo and place, not 
of principle. 

Shelley, whoso whole poetry is deeply imbued with tho 
mysterious power of jKschylus, has imitated the imagery of 
tli is play with a success proving that a man must be a poet 
to truly appreciate j ,-.■■,., . It is to he regretted that this 
true genius (liko Kiiowlcs, so often disgraced by imitators) 
never translated any productions of tho Greek drama, with 
the single oxecption of tho Sutyric " Cyclops" of Euripides. 
He has invested his Prometheus with all the placid grandeur 
of the deity, all the tenderness of the good man. To say that 
ho imitates, in the modern sense, is to say nothing — to feel 
that the spirit of ./Eftcliylus hits passed into the mind of Slick 
Icy, is tho fairest praise that can be awarded. Hut tho pictur. 
csquo scenery of Shelley's painting is the marvelous fculura 

1 Again. 170. ■ Sujih. El. 176. 



xi T INTRODUCTION. 

of tbo play, The- Indian Caucasus, with its i co-bound rocks, 
and gloomy prospect of tho world spread bencnth it i tbo mo, 
"heaven's evcr-chnngiug shadow," and tho giant, grolenquo 
glaciers, lost in tho dim, chilled atmosphere, form a picture 
Una tbo mind of ilischylus could conceive, but tbo hand of tbo 
Grecian painter could not imitate Hut circumstantial com- 
parison will laid us too much away from tho main subject, 
The legend of Prometheus lives in the poetry of .dfechylus 
and Shelley. The power of one poet can scarcely be meas- 
ured but by the equality of tho other. 

The mention of scenery suggests a question of much (esthetic 
interest, namely, how far tho Athenian artist could realize 
the conceptions of tho poet. In tho " Prometheus" such on 
attempt must hare been a failure. Setting nsiilc the question 
of tho place of Prometheus' suffering, the poetry draws upon 
s than the Athenian scene-painter could havo 
) architectural delineations of tho fronts of 
palaces and other buildings, which usually formed the sccno 
of the drama, were cosily executed, and in a country pos- 
sessing the finest models for imitation, were doubtless unsur- 
passed for effect and correctness. But the occasional land- 
scape pointings on tho perialloi must have been rude, and 
even grotesque, Tho most finished frescoes wo possess are 
totally devoid of any attempt to rculizo nature, the fragments 
of encaustic pointings are confined to the human form, and 
sacb objects as require no perspective ; nnd if we regard the 
pointings of tlio earliest Florentine artists, which sprung 
from the imitation of the latest Greek, improved by Cimahuc, 
Giotto, and a few others, we shall find nothing to justify tho 
supposition that the Greeks ever attained to nny excellence 
in landscape painting. Tho knowledge of aerial perspective, 
upon which all the realisation of tbo " Prometheus" would 
depend, is scarcely three centuries old, anil if we consider 
bow long oar own stage wanted such scenic accessories, ^»% 




INTRODUCTION. XT 

con not bo surprised at tlio deficiency of tlio Creole*. T1m> 
decorations of the Atlioninn stage wcro probably conflncd to 
coHtume and architectural Giubcllixliinont. Moreover, tlio 
fact that tho plays Wcro always represented in lite dny-timo 
must havo robbed them of nil tho exfjuisita illusion pro- 
duced by tlio um nnd coiubi nut ions of iirt-ilicia] lights. JSuoh 
being tlio case, how groat was tlio power of tlio poet who 
could so successfully place nature before his hearers by words 
only! 

Tho testimony of tlio didascalia shows that tlio "Agamem- 
non," " Chocphono," nnd " Eumcnidcs," were performed nt 
tho same time, together with a sntyria drama called (ha Pro- 
teus. Wo are, therefore, justified in considering tlicm as 
forming a trilogy, although I doubt whether tho "Orestcin" 1 
b a lit name for the trilogy, when Orestes is only indirectly 
mentioned in the first and principal play. Nor is tho con- 
nection between the three plays so exact ns that which exists 
in tlio " King (Kdipus," " (Edipus nt Colonus," and " Anti- 
gona" of Sophocles, 'which wc know did not form a trilogy. 
At all events, tho three plays form tho grandest dramatic 
work of antiquity. It is true, wo do not find tho lights and 
shades of character portrayed with the delicate finish of Soph- 
ocles, nor is tho character of Orestes invested with all tho in- 
terest of which it might seem citable. But j&chylus, un- 
like tho modern adaptors, who write a piece for two actors 
in ns many days, never sacrificed tho play to cnbnnco tho 

' Mr. Burgci, who ii a clever, but too univerial enemy of trilogy, 
has well remarked, in an nrticlo in " Tlio Surplice," March 7, 184G, 
that, from (ho words of Euripides (in Arise. Han. 1133), vpunrv ii 
/iii Tiif li 'OtUBTtioc f.i'y, hi' imiat have nif.int only a iinglr play, at 
/Eschylu* could not otherwise know which of the three wan meant. Tho 
Jiulwtiiution of nt' for rtu would inert this objection ; hut I im mora 
di«po«ed lo conaiucr, with Mr. Durycs, that the title of Oreetcia belonged 
to the Chocphorn alone I do not, however, approve of hi* attempt U 
get rid of tho very namo of trilogy. 




xri INTRODUCTION. 

character. In a piny liks the "Prometheus," the hero wu 
neecsiarily tho leading character i but in tlie Agamemnon ion 
history there were no 1cm than four great characters, Aga- 
memnon, Orate*, Cly temncaim, and Cassandra. Nor aro the 
minor put* of the Watchman, iho Herald, and JEgjsthus, de- 
void of strongly marked individuality, while Minerva, an Mul- 
ler ha* remarked, may almost be considered as tlto leading 
character in the " Euraenidcs." 

This attention to Iho minor charnctcn u almost peculiar to 
.rKschylus. In tho extant dramas of Sophocles wo every 
when discover a greater amount of subordination to ono 
leading feature, than elaborate filling out of the details. 
Sophocles forms an abstraction, and not only embodies it in 
the rhprw*" of lira hero, but sacrifices all surrounding objects 
to the general conception. The lending character is tho typo 
of a moral or religious principle ; the subordinate onca uro 
but the moans of argument and illustration. In tho vEscliy- 
lcan trilogy tho piny, and not the hero, is the chief object of 
the poet's attention. Each character is of weighty import, 
each lends on the action, and each poxeCMCs marked mid dis- 
tinct features that give vigor and freshness to every succeed- 
ing scene. Moreover, JEschylus excites pity even for tho un- 
worthy, by not representing them utterly destitute of better 
qualities. The Clytcmnestra of Sophocles has not one re- 
deeming trait, but ifrchylus has found a partial excuse for 
his heroins in tho fated misfortunes of the houso of Atrausj 
nor has ho placed her illicit friendship for yKgisthus in so odi- 
ous a light as Sophocles has done. Hut tho finest point is in 
n of tho play, when, suddenly stricken with a rati 
», Clytcmnestra restrains tho mud rage of JEgis- 
thus, and exclaims, 

Enough of nil — let no further tlain imbrue our hand*. 
Unlike Lady Macbeth, she lias no wish to sacrifice a Banquti 




INTRODUCTION. SVii 

to secure her victory. She is o proud, daring woman, but her 
talents nro unoqualed. To compare her with Lady Macbeth 
is, in soma respects, a mistake. Seiniraiuis and Lucrccia Bor- 
gia are better parallels. 

Nor must wo loss admire the picture of ancicut manners 
which the "Agamemnon" presents to our now. Like Ho- 
wena, Tpbigonia had probably graced her lather's table in 
tho capacity of Hebe. The third cup to the Preserver was 
perhaps hallowed by the innocence of tho cup-bearer. like 
the petted daughter of somo Saxon chieftain, sIio could smile 
away the remembrance of war and toil. Macaulay's exqui- 
site portrait of Virginia gives n dolighlful idea of tho re- 
lation between father and daughter in tho rough, old times. 
But tho conjugal relations wore different. The quiet, sensible 
replies of Agamemnon to his inquiring spouse remind us of 
Sir Halbcrt Glcndinning's return, and, liko Angelica in "Sir 
Harry Wildair," Clytcmnestra might well complain of the 
icy coldness of her epouse. It is tho meeting of a king and 
queen, and that is nil. Shakespeare, on the contrary, has 
softened the charade . of Macbeth by traits of tho most affec- 
tionate attention to his demon spouse. But if wo remember 
the company in which Agamemnon returned, wo shall scarce- 
ly be surprised. 

Cassandra may possibly bo regarded as a second thought of 
tho poet. So complete is the play without her, that we can 
easily imagine that the fertility of the poet'a imagination 
carried him on, when tho play might otherwise not have 
exceeded tho rest in length, lie this as it may, tho addition 
is magnificent. Power, terror, and pathos are alternately 
blended in this wonderful scene. Tho weird boldness of tho 
language, tho terrific personification of the ancient horrors of 
the Atrcan house, the changes from Bad, nensiblo consciousness 
to inspired madness, render this scene tho most wonderful of 
any on the Greek stage. A Siddons alone could act Casson- 




XY iiI INTRODUCTION. 

dn. Tbo pedantic poem of Lycophron Is a strongo contrast, 
and the imitations by Seneca equal even bit wont attempts. 
Virgil alone has approached equal sublimity in bis description 
of the Canuean Sibyl. 

Tbo time will I trust come, when tbo attempt to find an 
esoteric meaning in poetry will bo sot at its proper value. 
All tbo allegorizing absurdities of tbo Greeks themselves never 
equaled the amount of doll nonsense that lies been talked 
and written concerning then ploys. Con wo believe that a 
poet, whoso mind was wholly possessed with his subject, whoso 
fiery, perturbed expressions almost struggled with each other 
to unfold the exuberance of the mind that sent them forth ; 
can we suppose that bo would stop short in his course in 
order to arrange tin article or pronoun so as to convey a 
hidden political or religious axiom! Can we suppose tbo 
Athenians so unpractical as to trouble themselves to built 
tar such axioms, still less, to apply them! The most careful 
examination lias convinced me that such allusions are nlwnys 
broad and distinct, as in tbo " I'crsro," not obscuro and un- 
intelligible, as the followers of Suvorn generally seem to 
suppose. 

Slullcr, who is much more learned, has likewise shown 
much greater taste in his examination of tlio " Ku men ides." 
Although I can not at all limes agree with him, yet his knowl- 
edge is unquestionable, and bis power of drawing inferences 
tempered with good tasto and judgment. Tho supposition 
that the excitement caused by Ephinltes was nlludcd to in 
this play has also occurred to Sclilcgcl, and bears much 
more appearance of probability than the generality of suck 



I can not, however, ngrco with Miillcr, (lint tho action is 
almost at a stand-still in (lie " Choephone." There is not, 
it must be admitted, such vehement progress as in tho "Agu- 

* bat the discovery of Orestes by Electro, and the r 



INTRODUCTION. xix I 

catastrophe of tho play, arc well united by a continued scries I 

of incidents, which, though trivial in themselves, lead on 
gradually and naturally to tho consummation. Tho chief 
weakness of tho play is in tho character of Orestes. Ilis 
dreadful purpose might well cause some wavering in hit 
determination. Sent from tho paternal homo at an early age, 
he had not practically felt all his motlier*s cruelty, and some 
lurking remains of tenderness for her might remain. But tho 
will of heaven pursues him. The terrors of disease, of calam- 
ity in every shape, tho Nemesis of the dead, all threaten him, 
should he swervo from his purpose. Iiko Ctcsiplion in " Ion," 
a father's murder calls upon him for revenge. I have already 
touched upon tho conclusion of tho play, where Orestes seems 
to express a degree of pity and compunction over tho body 
of jlvgisthus. I am aware that many will think the inter- 
pretation I have advocated rather too much for tho text. 
The mention of praise is so slight, that it may seem scarcely 
enough to express tho feelings I attribute to Orestes. But 
much might bo done by tho actor. Those who romomber 
Macrcady's gesture and action in reading tho few words ad- 
dressed to the slain Polonius, 

Thou wretched, rath, intruding fool, farewell ! 
I took thee for thy betters : take thy fortune ! 

will readily perceivo what pathos might bo thrown into tho 
brief speech of Orestes. 

To write upon tho " Eumcnidcs" after Miillor, would bo 
almost a useless task. So completely has this great scholar 
illustrated tho spirit and allusions of this play, that tho best 
commentator can do littlo but praise, quote, and refer to tho 
German critic It is difficult to say who is tho chiof person- 
age in the play. Tho incident certainly turns upon Orestes, 
but there nro so many different interests involved throughout 
tho piece, that till tho conclusion, when all parties are BatiafletL 
we remain in suspense. 



XX INTRODUCTION. 

X thall bMt conclude thou remarks by expressing a lope 
that my effort* to contribute to an acquaintance with JEechy- 
lu* may not be deemed an entire failure. But I am painfully 
aware bow mnch must bo effected, how much got rid of, be- 
fore wa can congratulate ouraelvee on possessing iRechylus in 
a atata aren approaching his 01 




PROMETHEUS CHAINED. 



Piomethed* having, by hi« attention to die wont* of men, provoked (ha 
anger of Jove, it bound down, in a cleft of a rock in a distant desert of 
Seythia. Horo be not only retain llic wandering!, but foretells lbs fit- 



PERSONS UEPKESENTED. 



SniKNoni, For.CE, Vtn«,«, ritOMVTniKtis, 
Strength. 'Wo ore come to n [iluin, tlio <1Ulant boundiirj 

1 Iiticinn, in hi« dinln^nc rnlillcJ " Prometheus," or '" Caucasus," linn 

given occasional imitatii .;i> in tli'u play t, however, mlli- 

cicnt to amount lo a paraphrase, an Dr. lliimiiicld assorted, llosiilrs, 
an Lucian lays tho accnr at CiuieaiilM. Ho would roller seem lo liavo 
bail the " I'romotlieus aoliitui" in niiiiil. (Sre Kclmti, AlRUM.) Uut 
tbc ancicnti commonly made Caucasus llic seat of tlio punishment of 
Prometheus, and, a* .'Enrhylm ia not over particular in bia geogra- 
phy, it is possible Ibat lie may bo not alingctlirr cunaisirnt with liiin- 
•clf. Lucian makci no Jiicutinii of Strength and 1'Wo, but brings in 
Mercury at the beginning of Ihe dialogue. Miwov.t, Mercury ia rep- 
resented ill an excellent huninr. ami ralliri I'mJiicLlirnn gimd-iiatun-d- 
ly upon his tortures. Thus, $ (i, hr says, ti ijn. mnrn-rvnirm civ i-i',:/ 
Kal 6 <ieTi% <irri>Kr[Hjv to '/"a.*, *.'»; -i.'iTd '\<"r ur-l r! r ; *u /■!,!.■ <ni tvjii^ii* 
vov xXaoTiwx. In rcjnril to llic place where Prometheus waa bound, 
llic accne doubtless represented a ravine lielwoon two precipices rent 
from each other, with n ditiant pmnprct of inme of tlio placca men- 
tioned in the wandering* of lo. (Sec Schntx, iW.) Hut n« Iho wholo 
mention of Reylliia ■■ an aiiarlinitiiain, the loss aoiil nn thia point tho 
better. Compare, however, the. full. .■vim; remark* of Humboldt, Cos- 
mos, vol. il. p. 140, "Tho legend <if Prometheus, and luc tlnbiltdinf 




1 PROMETHEUS. [*— aa 

of the earth, to tin Scythian track, to an untrodden' desert. 
Vulcan, it behooves thee tlmt the mandate*, wliiclt thy Sire im- 
posed, bo thy concern — to bind this during wretch- lo ilio lofi y- 
C f l jfgw l rocks, in fetters of adamuntiiH) clmins Ihut can not bo 
broken ; for lie stole mid gnvo to mortal* tliy lionor, tlie brill- 
iancy of fire [Unit nitls] ml arts. 9 Hence for such a trespnM 
be must needs give retribution to tho gods, tlmt lie nuiy bo 
tnujjht to submit to tlio puvcrtifjuly of Jupiter, iuid to cunta 
from his |diilnnthropic i1is|iositioii. 

Vlu;ax. Strength ami Force, nit fur iw you lire concerned, 
tlie mandulo of Jupiter litis now' its ronsuin million, uinl there 
is no furtlicr obstacle Hut I linvc not the. coumga to bind 
ncrforca a kindred god to ibis weuihcr-bciitcn ravine. Yet 
in every wny it is necessary lor ino to take courage for this 
task ; for a dreadful thing it is to disregard* tbc directions of 
the Sire.* Lofty-scheming son of right-counseling Themis, 
unwilling sbull 1 rivet tbeu unwilling in indissoluble shackles 
to this solitary rock, where nor voice nor fonn of any ono of 
mortals shall tbou sec j 1 but slowly scorched by tho bright 

the chains of tlie fire-bringing Tilan on tlio Caucasus hy Herrulr* in 
journeying cantiranl — tlio aiwrnt of lo from llie *allcy of ihr Hybritf ■ — 
[See Grillithi' nolo on r. 711, on iiiptarfc iroro/jif- which mml be a 
proper name.] — Inward (Iw Caucasus ; anil the myth of lliryxua mid 
Helle — all point lo the nmt path on which Phoenician navigators liad 
•artier adorn tu ml." 

1 Dindnrf, in hia note, rightly npproora tho clrgiint reading ii.lpoTov 
(=iTu'i'flnuT0i') ill lira of tlio frigid ii/fumi'. (tee. IJIomf. ami Hut;;ps. 
Aa far an thin piny in rontrnird, the tract waa not actually imputable, 
but it wu co to nnrra/s. 

1 Imp) uc=(loillo()i)-or, trarmyiyof, *a*Bi-fi)-n{. Cf. I.iililell anil Liil- 
wooJ, a. *. Tlie interpretation awl derivation of the rlyin. magn. o rCv 
•iS^unni rrhiirr,r, in justly rrjrrlnl by Dindnrf, rIk> jvmnrka that .'!:»■■ 
rhylun paid no attention to 11m (able respecting I'rouiclhrus being tlio 
aaaarr of mankind. 

' Tlie epithet iroprrjfoi', which might perhaps bo rendered " ait-full," 
in eiplainrd by T, 1 10 and 334. 

' See Jelf, 6k. Cr. 4 720, 3d. 

* There secma littlo doubt that ttuptu^riv ia the right nailing. It* 
ironical force anawrra to Terrace's " pmbo ruKisti." 

* I haoe aprlled Sire in all plaera with a capital letter, •■ Jooc ia ovi- 
denlly meant. See my note on T. 4B. 

■ Thia ia not a mere zeugma, but ia derived from tlio nupponiiinn (lint 
■ghlwastnerhiefoflhe srnsrs, ami in a uinmicr included the rest. (U£ 
33, CD) .Senlhreinmplra adduced by tho canunoiitalora 
Uutama S, sod Boyea, I Mutt rations lo Sept. c Th. M 




83-flO.] PROMETHEUS. S 

blaze of (lio Bun tltou dial! lose tlio bloom of thy complex- 
ion; nnd to llico joyons shall night in spangled robe 1 veil 
tlio light; uml the nui ngiiin dispone the hoar-frost of the 
morn i nnil evermore clmtl ilir puin of the present ovil waste 
tht-o; for no one yet bom shall release llico. Such fruits 
hunt tliou reaped from thy friendly disposition lo mankind. 
For thou, n god, not crouching beneath the wvntb of lite 
pods, hast impaiUd to mortals lienors beyond wbnt was right. 
In requital whereof i :.■ ■ . slmlt keep sentinel on this cherries*, 
rock, hi nnili ii); rivet, slivpl.w., not 1 tending u knot' ;- nnd nuiny 
turnout* nml uiMvniliiig groans sliult tliou utter i for tlio henrt 
of Jupiter is hard lo bo entreated ; and every one Unit lint 
ncwly-aequircd power is Merit. 

St. Well, well! Why nit tliou delaying and vainly commtB- 
cnitingi Why loutl < - . thou not the goil Hint is most hnlc- 
ful to the gods, who has betrayed thy prerogative to mortuUt 

Vru llehitionsliip and intimacy nrc of great power. 

St. I grant it—but how is it possible to disobey the Sire's 
word* Draulest thou not litis tlio rutlicrl 

Vcu Ay truly thou nrt ever pitiless nnd full of boldness. 

St. For to deplore this wretch is no cure [for him]. But 
eonccrn not thou thyself vainly with matters that are of no 
advantage. 

Vli. O much detested handicraft I 

St. Wherefore louihcst tliou ill for with the lib) now pres- 
ent tliy cruft in good truth is not at all chargeable, 

Yui- For all that, I would that sonic other had obtuincd 
this. 

St. Every tiling has been achieved except for the gods lo 
rule ; for no ono IB free snvo Jupiter.* 
Slwlicujirarc ]mn hurlrcquril ilii* iilci in hii cxo,ui*ito buffoonery, Mid- 



MUnuiii-r Nijjlu'i Dream, Art, v. k. 1. 




I'yraamt. I *co n roico : now will 1 1 


(lie chink 


To spy an 1 can hear my TliUby'i face. 




1 C1.iui1i.Mi dc mpt. Pros. II. 303, '• StcJUntci 




on Soph. Tmrh. 94. 





a rest. Soph. (EJ. Col. 10. miJ.o n-i/iy™ ™tpd" li? 

lit ir* oftliia p.ina.ice liavc litwn incrca»pi! by no ono of tho 
prrccivjru; iln' <jviilt>m niiptMiiiou lunvvcen Oral and Zri'f. 

As in tlio formula. <j Ztfl *ni Oiol (cf. I'lnlo l'rotag. p. 1113, 10. ; Arirtoph. 

Plut. I. with Uot(;lcr'* nolo , Juliui Cbi. p. 61, 60, 76 , Diony*. Hsl 




4 PROMETHEUS. (51 — 7* 

Vol. I know it — and I linva nothing to my agninst it. 1 

St. Wilt thou not then bestir thyself lo rant fetters about 
this wretch, that tho Siro may not e*[>y llico loitering? 

Vuu Ay, ami in truth you may sec tlto nmwirles ready. 

St. Take litem, and with mighty force clench them with 
the mallet about his hands: rivet him close to tho crag*. 

Vuu This work of ount is speeding to its consummation 
and loiter* not. 

St. Smite harder, tighten, slacken at no point, for ho hath 
cunning to find outlets even from impracticable difficulties. 

Vuu This arm at all events is fiirtcncd inextricably. 

St. And now churji this securely, lliat ho may perceive 
himself to ho a duller contriver than Jupiter. 

Vuu Save this [sufferer], no one could with reason find 
Guilt with me. 

St. Now by main force rivet tlte ruthless fang of an ada- 
■uuitino wedge right through his breast. 3 

Vui. AIusl ahutl lVomcthcus, 1 sigh over thy nufterings. 

St. Agiiin urt thou bunging bnclc, mid nighest thou over 
the enemies of Jupiu-rl l.ook to it, that (hou hnsL not ut 
mne tinio to mmini fur thyself. 

Vuu Thou bcholdeia a Mpectnclo ill-sighted, to the rye. 

St. I behold litis wretch receiving bis deserts. Hut fling 
thou these girth* round hi* wiles. 

Vuu I niuHt need* do thin; urge mo not very much. 

St. Ay, but 1 will urge thee, ami m-t iheo on too. Move 
downwnnl, and strongly link bin legs. 

Vuu Ami in truth the tank in donu with no long toil. 

ST. With nmill force now siuilo tho gulling fetters, since 
stern indeed is the innjiccior of this work. . 

A. R II. p. "0, 35— fl], SO, ml. Sj-lkjio. from llic lime i.f Homer down- 
wmnt, w« liixl Z#i'f eomjamly iiH-iriiuned i|iin fmm lim oilier g<*l» (ef 
IL I. 433, 4M). and M also witli liii epilhet irnn)o, n. in v. 4. IT, SO, 
•sc.) (Sustain, on II. T. I., p. 111.30. in Zrile iliarnt /ttt/Avkut mrjp 
Hjjfii). Tbora ia e»Mlciilly, llicrrfore, tho onpoiition expmunl in ilia 
leit : " Ti» not for the otlwr god» <i. t. role uXAoie (knit) to nilr, but for 
Jore alone." Tliia view wu ■pprarcil, but not confirmed, by Puley. 

1 See Dindorf 

• Pakj well obarrre* tliat then ii no objection to triii interpretation, for 
It PmoMihcu* could endure llw daily gimwiiiji ufhia em mil. by llio vid- 
ian, lbs riveia wouldn't put him lu uiucli tumble. J.urbii, 4 o, U eon- 
* -'-' ' - J "'ngBiah»ndatoU»a two sidca of Dm cuwni. 




77—100.] PROMETHEUS. 6 

Vui- Thy tongue pounds in accordance with thy form. 

St. Yield thou to softness, but taunt not mo with rutblcn- 
ncs* ami harshness C I ; . i . 

Vli. ImI us go; since ho liath tho shackles about lib 
limbs. 

.St, There now bo insolent ; unci after pillaging the preroga- 
tives of ilic gods, confer them on creatures of it day. In wlmt 
will mortals bo able to nllovinto these agonies of thine? My 
no true title do tho divinities call thco rromctheus ; for thou 
thyself hast need of a Prometheus, by menus of which you will 
slip out of this fate 1 

[JSrewnf SntKXcmi ami Foiice. 

Piiomktiieus. divine iwtlior, and ye swift-winged breezes, 
and ye fountains of rivers, nnd countless dimpling* of tlio 
waves of the deep, and thou earth, mother of all — and to tha 
all-wring orb of tho Sun I appeal ; look upon me, wluil treat- 
ment 1, a god, nm enduring ut tho hand of tlio gods ! Boliold 
with what indignities mangled I shall have to wrcstlo through 
tiuio of years iuuun ■ : ■ .. . Such an ignominious bondage 
hulh the new ruler ofilie innuorialH devised against wo. Alnal 
alas! I sigh over the present siillering, ami that which is com- 
ing on. How, wheru must n termiualion of these toils nrisoT 
And yet what is it I am saying? 1 know beforehand nil 
futurity exactly, nnd an suite ring will coma ii|Mn mo nnlook- 
ed-liir. Hut [ need imiihl War my ilmmi as easily lis may 
lie, knowing as 1 do, that lliu might of Necessity can notbuio* 

Knt yet it is not possible for mo cither to hold my pence, 
or not to hold my nrlM lonehing these my fortunes. For 
having bcslowcd Iswns upon mortals, I nm etilhrallcil un- 
happy in these hardships. And 1 am ho that suurehed out 
tlio source of lira, by stealth bornc-olf inclosed in n fonncl- 



• So Milton, P. L. it. \nb. 

Clitcr'J with (lit; grateful *mrll old Occnn tmiUt. 
Lord Byron {ojiraing of tha C.i.iour) : 

Tlicro mildly ilimpliiip ncenn'ii check 
Hellerl* rim i ml n of iiimiy n penk, 
Caught |w tlio lauuli'ii? tiilr« itmt lavo 
Those liJom of tha cuteru w«vo. 



C PROMETHEUS. [110— UG. 

rod, 1 which bw shown itself u teacher of every nrt to mortal*, 
and a, great resource. Such then as this is the vengeance Hint 
I endure fur my trespasses, being riveted in fetters beneath tho 
naked sky. 

Hab I what sound, what ineffable odor 3 hath licen Wilfr- 
ed to me, emanating from a god, or from mortal, or of some 
intermediate natural Hub there come any one to Die re- 
mote ruck as a sjtccuitor of my niflerings, or with wlint in- 
tent ! J Itchoid me on ill-fated god in durance, the foe of 
Jupiter, him that hath incurred the detestation of nil tlie 
gods who frequent tho court of Jupiter, by rcuson of my r» 
cwtive friendliness to mortals. Aloe! nlaal wliut run (his 
busty motion of birds be whirh I again hear bnnl by met 
The air too is whistling faintly with the whirring* of pin- 
ions. Every tiling that approaches is to me an ol-ject of 
dread. 

Chorus. Dread thou nothing; for this is a friendly bnnd 
that has come with llic fleet rivalry of their pinions to t liix rock, 
after prevailing with difficulty on the mind of our father. And 
tho swiftly- wafting brcctes escorted mo; for tho echo of tho 
clang of steel pierced to tho recces of our grots, and bunislicd 
my demure-looking reserve i and I sped without my vandula in 
my winged chariot. 

Ph. Alus! nliisl yo offspring of prolific Tlictyi, mid daugh- 
ters of Ocean your sire, who rolls around (he whole earth in 
his unaluinucring stream ; look upon me, see clnsped in what 
bonds I el mil keep an unenviable watch on the topmost crag* 
of this ravine. 

Cn. I see, Prometheus: and a fearful mist full of tears 
darts over mine eyes, as I looked on thy fruuio withering 

* laterally "filling a rod," rfripuro^hrit bring active. Of. Agnm. 3GI, 
AV»f ravUnv. Cliorpli. SOR, KB/ipOiipry /irl/v Pcra. 105, no/i/im? 
rtfjuAalimt*. Snilno UloiiitirM, ami I'onon on Hra. 1117, ru',#,,; is 
" lewla" or •* fcnnrl-giaru," die pilli of which nmkci nrrllrnl uirl. lll.iui- 
fitU quotes I'rodua on Hcaiml, Oji 1, G3, ** tlie i-upMaj pteaervc* flame 
ricrllentljr, baling ■ aoft pith inaiJr, that nourialics, but enn not cilin- 
|ui*h the Hame." For a airange labia connected with iliii theft, aco 
£X\*n Hi*. An. VI. 61. 

• On the [Jrtlcnmlural acrnt ■unnoted to attend the nrraence of a drily, 
ct. Eur. Hippo). 1301, with Monk's note, Virg. Jin. 1. 403, and La Ccnla. 




148— 185.] PROMETHEUS. 7 

on tho rocks 1 in those galling adamantine fetters: for new 
pilot* aro the roosters of Olympus; and Jove, contrary to 
right, lords it with now laws, and tilings aforetime bad iu 
reverence Uc is obliterating. 

l'n. Oh would that ho had sent mo beneath Uio cartli, 
and below into tlkO boundless Tartarus of Hades that re- 
ceive* the dead, after savagely securing ma in indissoluble 
bonds, so that no god nt nuy timo, nor any oilier being, 
had exulted in this my doom. Whereas now, hapless one, 
I, the sport of (no winds, suffer pangs that gladden roy 

Cir. Who of the gods is so liard-bcnrtcd as that these 
things should bo grateful to liim ? Who is there that sympa- 
thizes not with thy suH'eringe, Jove excepted i lie, indeed, 
in his wrath, assuming an inflexible temper, is evermore 
oppressing tho celestial race 1 nor will he cense before tlint 
cither ho shall have sated bis heart, or somo ono by somo 
stratagem shall hnvo seised upon his sovereignty that will bo 
no easy prize. 

l'n. In truth hereafter the president of tho immortals* 
shall have need of me, albeit tluit I am ignominiously Buffer- 
ing in stubborn shackles, to discover to him tho new plot by 
which ho is to bo despoiled of his sceptre and his honors. 
l!ut neither shall lie win mo by tho honcy-longuod chnrins of 
persuasion ; nor will I ut any time, crouching beneath his- 
stem threats, divulge this matter, before ho shall have released 
mo from my cruel bonds, and sliall bo willing to yield- ino 
retribution tor thin outrage, 

Cn. Thou indeed both nrt bold, and yicblcst nought to 
thy bitter calamities, but art over free in thy language. But 
piercing terror is worrying my soul ; for I fear for thy.for- 
tuncs. How, when will it bo thy destiny to mnko tho haven 
and sec the end of these- thy Batterings? tor tho son of Saturn 
has manners that supplication can nut reach, and an inexora- 
ble heart. 

1 E'unsloy'a trailing, trirpp ■ ■ ■ T f»'»i i* prcfrrrrJ liy Dimlotf, nni! 
•criii» uiori! miiliililo l» I Ins |j.iimwjic. lint if we ri'rnl mimic, ii will cunio 
lu llti- Niinu tiling, ri'uiiiin^ ir/Tjmir. 

■ Hui.'ly wir alioiilil rrrj.l iln.- wiiii-iicu intrrrtiEativoly, in in *. 00, mj 
iron p» x Vuv Xp# rip/iara TuiJ' cnrriXai; although Ilio edition* Jo n«( 
agree u to that paaaago, So Uurgca. 



8 PROMETHEUS. [180— 324. 

1'n. I know Hint Jupiter in lmn.li, and keeps justice, to 
himself; but for nil tliut ho shall hereafter bo softened in pur- 
jkwc, when he shall lw crushed in this way; unci, nik'r calm- 
ing Lis unyielding temper wiili cugcmcM will lie hereafter 
come into k'ujnw and friendship with mo thai will cngorly 
[welcome him]. 

Cll. Unfold iu«l speak out to us tlic whole story, from 
vital accusation bus Jupiter seined thee, nml in thus disgrncc- 
fully and bitterly tormenting thee. Inform us, if thou bo in 
no respect hurt by llto recital. 

I'll. 1'aiuful iiidu.fl tiro IlieM things for me to tell, and 
puinful too for mo to hold my peace, nnd in every way 
grievous. As coon us the divinities begun discord, nnd 
a feud was stirred up nntong tliem with one Another — 
one party 1 wishing to eject Saturn from his throne, in order 
forsooth that Jupiter might he king, nnd other*, expediting 
the reverse, Hint Jupiter might lit no tillto rule over the 
gods; then I, whin 1 gave the. bent nrivice, was not utile to 
prevail upon tho Titans, children of IJnuius iiutl Term ; but 
they, contemning in their stout spirits wily schemes, fancied 
that without any trouble, nnd by dint of nmin force, they 
wore to win the sovereignty. Hut it was not once only that 
my mother Themis, nnd Terra, n single person with many 
titles, had forewarned mo of tho way in which the future 
would bo accomplished; how it was destined, that, not 
by main force, nor by tho strong hand, but by craft tho 
victors should prevail. When, however, I explained such 
points in discourse, they deigned not (o pay me any rc- 
gnrd at nil. Of t lie plans which then presented themselves 
to me, the best appeared, that 1 should take my mother 
and promptly side with Jupiter, who was right willing [to 
receive us J. And 'tis by means of my counsels that the 
murky nhyss of Tnrtnrus overwhelms the antique Saturn, 
allies and nil. After thus iieiiig assisted by me, the tyrant 
of the gods hath recompensed nto with this find recom- 
pense. For somehow this malady ultuehes to tyranny, nut 

1 XacDinalWu* IVmlrn*. Sn|ih. Anlig. Sit), fi'iynt f iv •!>.'' i,?.<<imv 
lp(Mn-r «u«, fi-Xai i'/,)X"- 9>>-<ua. wlirre «■« Wwiilrr, narl l-;iuii.!ry 
oa Ear. Henri. 40. llut it i* giroliiiMy only Hid «X'j/'" *""" «*o* <"■' 
/•ipof. on which tee Jrlf. Gk. tir. $ 478, nml the tatne ihing tain placi 
wtta Um soouuin, u in Antia. 31, sq. 661. bee ErfunJi on SI. 




823— 890.] PllOMBTHEUO. 

to put confidence in its friends, ltut for yonr inquiries itjwo 
what clinrgc is it tlim ho outrages me, this I will UIuImi clear. 
As soon as liu lind established himself on hut father's throne, 
)iu iwvi^iin forthwith to tlio dilfcront divinities each hi* hon- 
oris ,1IL ' 1 1|G w,w uii.i- i,, . ■ in order his empire; hut of 
woc-liegono mortals lio made no account, but wished, after 
having uniiilii luted tl entire rare, to plant another new one 
And these schemes no ono opposed except myself. But I 
dared : I ransomed mortals from being utterly destroyed, owl 
going down to JIutl. ■-. Tis for i In-, in trutli, tlint I out 
bunt by Millerings such as these, ngonixing to endure, and 
piteous to look upon. I thut hnd compassion for mortals, 
have myself l«on tleemeit unworthy to obtain thin, but meis- 
cilessly am thus coe. ■■ I to order, a spectacle inglorious 'to 
Jupiter. 

Cn. Iron-hearted nnd formed of rock too, Prometheus, is 
he, who condoles not with thy toils; fur I could have wished 
never to have bclwld them, and now, when I behold litem, I atn 
|Hiined in my heart. * 

Pit. Ay, in very deed I nm a piteous object for friends to 
behold. 

Cu. And didst thou chance to ndvnnce even beyond this? 

l'n. Yes! I prevented mortals from foreseeing tbeir 

Cu. By finding wlni remedy for this malady? 

l'n, 1 caused blind hopes to dwell within them. 

Cu. In this thou gavest a mighty benctil to mortals. 

Ph. Over and above these boons, however, I imparted flro 

Cu. And do the creatures of a day now possess bright 
fire? 

l'n. Yes — from which they will moreover learn thoroughly 
many arts. 

Cu. Is it indeed on charges such as these that Jupiter is 
both visiting tliec with indignities, nnd in no wise grants theo 
a respite from thy pains 1 And is no period to tliy toils set 
before thee? 

l'n. Jfuno other assuredly, hut when it may plenso him. 

Cu. And how shall it ho his good pleasure? What hope 

is there? Sceet thou not thut thou didst en-? but how thou 

A2 




10 PROMETHEUS. [SSI— 300. 

didst err, I can not relate with pleasure, and it would bo a 
pain to you. Hut let us leave Umm) points, and search thou 
for socoo escape from tliine agony. 

1'k. Tin ca*y, for any one that hnth tits foot uncntanglcd 
by sufferings, both to exhort nnd to admonish him that is 
in evil plight. But I knew nil these tilings willingly, will- 
ingly I erred, I will not gainsay it; and in doing service to 
mortals I brought upon myself sufferings. Yet not lit all 
did I imagine, tiiat, in such a punish mui I ns this, I was to 
wither nway upon lofty rocks, meeting with this ilcMjIuto 
solitary erag. And yet wail yo not over my present sor- 
rows, but after alighting on the ground, list ye to tho fortuno 
that is coming on, tlmt yo may learn tho whole throughout. 
Yield to me, yield yo, take ye n share in the woes of him 
that is now suffering. Hence in tho snmo way doth calam- 
ity, roaming to and fro, settle down on different individ- 

On. Upon those who ore nothing loth host thou urged 
this, Prometheus : and now having with light step quitted my 
rapidly-wafted chariot-Mat, and tho pure wilier, highway of 
the feathered race, I will draw near to this rugged ground: 
and I long to bear the wholo tide of thy sufferings. 
Enter OckaK. 

I un arrived at the cad of a long journey 1 , having passed 
over [it] to thee, Prometheus, guiding this winged steed of 
mine, swift of pinion, by my will, without a bit; and, rest 
assured, I sorrow with thy misfortunes. For both the lie of 
kindred thus constrains me, and, relationship apart, there is 
no one on whom I would bestow a larger share [of my regard] 
than to thyself. And thou sludt know that those words are 
sincere, and tbni it is not in mo vainly to do lljv-scrvico ; for 
come, signify to mo in whnt it is necessary for mo to assist 
thee ; for at no timo shall thou say that thou hast a etunchcr 
friend than Oceania). 

Fr. Hull I what means thisT and host thou too come to 

* bo a witness of my pnngst How~h"us thou ventured, after 

quitting both the stream that bears thy name, mid tho rock- 

■Sm Unwaod's Lsaicon, a. v. ifulpu, whose conttiuhu; I lu*e tA- 




301—335.] PROMETHEUS. 



roofed sclf-wroaglit 1 grots, to come into llio iron-locming 
hind 7 Is it that you may contemplate my misfortunes, and 
as sympathizing with my woes llmt lliou luist conic T He- 
bold it s|>ccluclc, mo In iv tlio 1'i-irml 1. 1' Jtijiiicr, Hint helped 
to establish liia sovereignty, with wliat puius 1 am bent Ify 

Oc. I see, Promci Inn-, and to incc, subtla as tliou art, I 
wish to give thn bust counsel. Know thyself, and nssunio to 
thyself new manners <br among tlio gods too there is n now 
nionuri'ti. Hut if tli< >n wilt utter words lltus harsh and whet- 
ted, Jupiter mayhnp. though scaled fur nloft, will lienr thee, 
so that the prcscut bitterness of untie rings will trout to llico 
to bo child's play. Hut, O hapless onol dismiss tlio passion , 
which thou lec lest, itud scnrcli for a deliverance from theso 
snflci-ings of thine Old-fashioned maxima these, it may bo, J 
I appear to ilieo to utter ; yet aucli bccoina tlio wages of tlto • 
tongue that tulks loo proudly. Hut not even yet art tliou . 
humble, nor submiltcst to ills; and in addition to those-. that 
nh-cudy beset thee, tliou art willing to bring others upon thee, 
Yet not, if at least thou tukest me for thy instructor,, wilt, 
thou stretch out thy leg against the pricks; as thou scent that„ 
a harsh monarch, and ono that is not subject to control, is 
lording it. And now 1 for my part will go, and will rwny, ' 
if 1 be able, to dlsinihrnll then from these thy pangs. Hut bo 
thou still, nor bo over impetuous in thy language, "VVliutl 
knowest thou not exactly, extremely intelligent as thou art, 
that punishment is ii '. ■ on u, IrowurU tongue? 

I'll.. I give thee joy, because that thou hast escaped censure, 
after taking part in und venturing along with mo in all things. 
And now leave him alone, and let it not concern thee For 
in no wise wilt thou jiersundo him ; for ho is not open to per- 
suasion. And look thuu well to it that thou take not harm 
thyself by tlio journey, 

Oc. Thou art fur better calculated by nature to instruct thy 

' Cf. Virg. -En. I. 167, "Intu* squn dulcss, viioipie neJilia aaio." 
"The rudr.t hahilMinn, y* mi^lil think 
Thai it had uprunc from r..til M-il" m^ni. or craicn 
Oat of Hie living rock."— Wnrdmnrth'* Kxcumioii, Book *i. 
Compare a most picturesque Hcucription of Diana'i cave, in A pill. Met. II. 

'" '■ ■ " kl.i 



. . . i Elm. Tclcmacaui, Book I. ; Undine, ch. v 
Kij[hr«', vol. iii. p, 386. 



IS PHOHETHEUS. (836-3* I 

neighbors limn thyself: I draw my conclusion from fact, 01 
not from word. Hut ibink not for a moment to divert 
from tlic attempt. For I am eonlidenl, yea, I hid confide 
t lint Jupiter will grant mc this boon, n as to release llico fr 
three pangs of tltinc. 

1*11. In part I commend thec. and will by no means al nit 
time mom to do so. For in seal to servo nir iliou incites 
nothing; Hut trouble, thyself not ; for in vain, without being 
of any service lo nic, 1 wilt lliou labor, if in anj respect tliou 
art willing to labor. Hut bold thou thy peace, and keep thy- 
self out of harm's way; fur I, though I bo in misfortune, w< uld 
not on this nrcouut lie willing (lint mtU'rings should beiidl as 
many as possible. No, indeed, sinec also the disasters of my 
IkxMImt Atlas pill my heart, who IB Htaiioned in the western 
regions, sustaining on bin shoulders the pillar of heaven and 
of earth, a burden not of rany grasp. I commiserated too 
when I beheld the earth-lioni iiiiiintc of the Cilieinn env erne, a 
tremendous prodigy, the hundred-bended impetuous Typhni, 
overpowered by Ibree, who withstood all the gods, hirsiiig 
slaughter from his hungry jaws; and from ids eyes tlievu 
flashed a hideous glare, as though lio would jierforrc over- 
throw the sovereignly of .love. Hut the sleepier* shall of 
Jupiter ennio upon him, tho descending lliuudcrltoH breathing 
forth flame, which seared him out of his presumptuous brava- 
does; for having been smitten to his very soul be was crum- 
bled to a einder, and thunder-blasted in his prowess. And 
now, a helpless and paralyzed form, is ho lying hnnl by a nar- 
now frith, pressed down beneath tho roots ol vKiuu. 1 . And, 

» Although Dindorf li«» left OKEANOS beltirc Hip linn lie ginning with 
•i Sir*, jet. as be in Us Mm, p. M, apjirurra of the ojiinioii of EJmnlry 
(to which the majority of critics •■■tail), I have continued them to l'iu- 
tnrlhrui. Dindorf (after Burgr*) rrinurk) that [lie luirliclra ui Ai/ta di>- 
crrtri] Iba cojijiMi, who tliouiiilt that they jhmiiIi-J to tlie commencement 
of. new »prakpr - s iuiarr.i He quotes S.i|ilj. (Ed. C. 433; Eur. Akcat. 
6JS; Heracl. 607. mjij. nbrre it in imiii ni a continuation of ■ prcviuis 
argument, u in Ihr |>HHi-nt rwuMgc. 

' II haa bern remarked thnt .twhvlun hud Pindar in nihil, nee I\th. 
1. 31, sad VIII. SO. On thiafnlc ofrliierladu.cf. Pliilo.tral.dcV AJioU. 
V. 6; Apotlodorui I. ; Hjgin. Kab. 102; and for noniral dracriptlutiB, 
Cornitl. Keren* .Etna. TO, " Giirtitc Trinsrrio moricntem Jupiter Aluv 
Obrail Enceladum, raali qui nondero mnntia Jfatutt, ct potnUs raspb 
ftirisii bjnss." Vitg. Am. HI. *T8; Voler. l-'laee. II. M; Qvwl. fti 



% 

ill 



3<ji:— 3SJ.] 



PR0METHEU8. 



13 



periled on the tii[inioxt peak*, Yiilctin forfrca the molten nm.«»- 
t>n, wlieiui- there shall one day Imrrt forth Hoodie devouring 
Willi frit jiiwii tli.- level iiel.U of fruitful Sirily: with nijp 
vuHi ax I hw 'hull Trnliiiii U.il over in lint artillery of 11 iiev- 
er-olntt.'.l lin-luviuliiii^ rUtrm j nllK-ii lie Imtli been retlneed 
to tiiJnw by Ilii! t bunder-bolt of .In niter. Hut lltiiu url no 
novier, nor needed Hum me itir lliine iiiMruelor. Save tliy- 
mj] I" iih liest i lniu kuowe-a how ; lint 1 will exlmni>t iny pres- 
nit littc until iiueli time im llio spirit of Jupiter nhnll abate itit 

()•'. Ku.iwext thou not thin then, Prometheus, tliut words 
are. tlic ]ihysiei;ms of a distempered feeling? 1 

I'll. True, it' mie ■viisonultly wifteii down llio heart, ami do 

<)•'. Ay, tint in liirexi^lit ahmg witli Imldness 3 wli.il mi*. 
cliiel" U there that then seext to Ikt inherent { inform me. 
l'n, SiijH'illiuiiin (rouble mid trilling folly. 
<).:. Sulfur mo to weken in lute unit! rieluiom, since 'tis of 

tin.' highest advantage, for one Unit ia wise not to wem to be 



nil. V. fi ; Ct.in.ii.iii, di< T.iptu Pro*. I. 1ft.'. ; (tyli. Arg. IffiiO. KtrnlKi, 
■IS, make* tlesiiul ne.iunii.trtl with the*.- eriiuiiuiiH. (See Uoeltiitig 
'liei.j;. MSI.) ll.it I'roii..-il.Lii« In re uiicn a [ir.i|.hrey c.inceniiiij; an 
lion dial really Inok |»lm-e iliirinj; it"' hie "I" .Ewhvlnii, Ul. 7ft, 3, 
■17'J. IX Thurydide* lit. li(i; (/lover, Si.-i] Amis. |i. 101. mid 
lurf'n clear mi.l learned Hole. 'l'lu-re emi Ik- little doubt Lull Kncc- 
. and Tyjili.ni are only dill, rent name* for die miiiu' mounter. Hurj-e* 
veil remarked iIh' re»rmt'l,iuee. h.tiveeu il..' Kizviili.in Tvj.loi ami the 

re|.r.-»cmiii!,' Hie .l,-M 1 .„-[iw |,rii.ci|!l.' ol lt i Vr o,.,-;l u, the cre- 

" I shall refer die rca.ler to ['luimrliV ec.i.-n.uni.i- trw.i«e on Im* 



ei,die* s . 

i.liii.; the 



of Diiidnrf. Hint 



aptly i]ujien S [.rimer'* I' airy Queen, h. S, c. H, »t. S 
"WonlNtrrlliliiimct, 
Haw -rrrrtc |.o»rc V m .,-uc inlla.ued ro^.' 




> my 



14 PROMETHEUS. 

Pie. (Sot so, for) this trespass will seem to bo n 

Oc. 'Hi/ language is plainly Bending 1110 b 
bone. 

I'll. Lost thy lamentation over me bring (lien into ill-will. 

Oc Wlmt willi liim who liuili lately seated himself oh tlio 
throne that rulclh Over all f 

l'«. Ucwnrc of liim lest at any time bis bcart bo moved to 
wrath. 

Oc. Thy disaster, Prometheus, is my monitor, 

l'K. Away] withdraw thee, keep thy present determina- 
tion. 

Oc On me, hastening to start, hast Ihou urged this injunc- 
tion ; for my winded <juiidi-uin.il Hups with his pinions the 
smooth track of a-ther ; and blithely would bo rccliuo his 
limbs in lib stalls at home. [£Mf Oceak. 

Cll. I bewail thee for thy lost futc, I'roimlheiiH. A Hood 
of trickling learn from my yielding eyes bus bedewed my 
check with its humid gushings; fur Jupiter couiiniiiiding thin 
thine unenviable doom by laws of his own, displtivd his 
■pear appearing sii]>crior o'er the gods of old.' And now 
the whole hind echoes with wailing — they wail Ihy stalely 
ami time-grnceil honors, nud those of thy brethren; and all 
they of mortal race that occupy n dwelling neighboring on 
hallowed Asia- mourn with ihy deeply-deplorable sintering* ; 
the virgins Hint dwell in ilia hind of Colchis too, fern-less 
of the tight, nnil the Scythian horde who possess the mo»t 
remote region of earth around hike ilieolis ; and the wnr- 
liko (lower of Arabia, 3 who occupy a fortress on the craggy 

■ alxpu ii rrndeml " imlolea" liy Palcy (nee on Ag. 4(17). linwnwl 
by " •uihorilv," which ii much nrnrcr the Irnlli, n« the anrar una an- 
ciently iimiI fur the arrptre. Mr. Bnrgf ■ opportunely iiiyyculi Pindar ■ 
lyxt Cutorav, which lie Eii'cs to Jujiiler, Nem. \i. 00. 

' Aais is licre pcnoniari]. 

* All commentator*, from (he scholiast down want, arc naturally iur- 
prited at tlii* mention of Arahia, when Promrlhcui ii occujiiril in dc- 
•ciiliing the counlrira hnnlrrinj; on the Kuxine. Unrgr" ronjrrlurci 
'A^aof, which he support* with cniuiilrnblc learning. Dot allhiiugli 
tho luinr 'A^u|Hdi((iiiciiiionnl by Suidan) niiijht well In ujvrn In those 
who dwelt in unknown pan* nf the rnrlh. from Ihr legendary Iravrls nf 
Abaria wiih hi* arrow, yet the cpilhct option urU»f srrnis <o jwinl (o 
some really eii*ting nation, while 'AJiipit; would raihcr lerm proverbial. 
Till, then, we in more certain, ^Esctylua mual Mill lUnd chargeable 
wish geographies! inconaiatanej. 




4.B2— 46a.J PROMETHEUS. 15 

heights in tlio neighborhood uf Caucasus, u wnrrior-liost, clam- 
oring ntnid shurply-btirlicd spears. 

One oihiT god only, ; 1 1. ;■ ■ ■ i, Imvo I heretofore beheld in mis- 
eries, thu Tiiiin AUu . subdued by iho gulling of Hdniuantinc 1 
bonds, who evermore) in his back is groaning beneath* tlio 
excessive mighty nta*s of tlio polo of liwiven. And the bil- 
low of tlio deep ronrs a* ic foils in radrncc, the- depth moons, 
unil the murky vault of Ilutlcs rumbles beneath tlio curlli, nnd 
the fountains of lUo pure streaming i ivn> wnil for luc piteous 
pains, 

I'm. Do not, I pray you, suppose that I oin holding my 
peace from pride or ecll-will : but by reflection am I gnawed 
to Iho heart, seeing myself thus ignominiously entreated. 1 
And yet who but myself defined completely tlio prcrogn- 
tivo for tlicso sumo new gods? Hut on ibeso matters I 
Kiy nothing, for I should .;■■..,!. to ynu ulrendy acquainted 
with these tilings. Itut fur tho mii-foriunes Hint existed 
among mortals, hour liuw I made them, thut aforetime, lived 
as infant*, rational e i ■ ■ ■■ . ■-..■il of intellect.* And 1 will 
tell you, having no complaint against mankind, as dctniling 
tlio kindness of tho boons which 1 bestowed upon tlicm: 
they who nt first seeing stiw in vain. hearing ihey heard not. 
Itut, like to tho form of drcuius, fur n long time they wed 
to huddlo together nil things at nmdcun, und nought knew 
they about brick-built 1 and sun-ward houses, nor carpentry; 
but they dwelt in tlio excavated curlli like tiny emmeu* in tho 

1 I ha»c followed Burgri and Dindorf, although llm latter retaina 
wcn/in STnoYrotf i» Mi le«t. 

■ Why Uindorf should bats adopted Hermann'* frigid iiroorirji/ffi, I* 
not e.-wily aeon. Tho reader will, however, find CrilUthn' foot-nuto well 
deserving ofintpofiion. 

' Oa wiiminXui'/in-itv, nrc Dindorf. 

* Among (lie >iijll]Ocr.i|.lii di.-iniTerf |.y Mail, and auhi c(|u en tly edited 
by Bode, (ho render will find «oiae allegorical ciptanaliona of thene ben- 
efits gircti by Prometheus. Sro Myth piimui I. 1, sad imam 3, 10, B, 
They are, however, little rl«' than i-i"uij'i!.iiii>n» frnm llie rmiimralary of 
Serviun on Virgil, and thr -illy, hut a run mi ig, ii]vlln>li>j:v of r'uli;ciiiiin, 
')n tho endowment of spri'rli and reanon lo iiirn liy IVi.mi-tlirus, cf 
Thermal. Or. xxxvi. p. 323, C. D. and u»i. p. 338, C. erf. Hard. ; and 
fi»r peneral II hi »l rations, (lie note* of Wine on .Snlhiat. Cat. null inil. 

* D rick-building ia firm ascribed to Kuryalus and Hyperbiua, two 
brothers at Athens, by Pliny, K. N. lii. 50, quoted by Stanley, After 
cares, huts of beam*, fiUod in with turf-clod*, wen probably (hi fint 




10 PROMETHEUS. [4W— 4B3. 

•unless depths of cavern*. And they liiul no sure sign cither 
of winter, or of flowery spring, or of fruitful summer; but 
ihcy used to do every thing without judgment, until indued I 
showed to limn tho risings of tho Muni und tltcir settings, 1 
hard to be discerned. 

And verily I discover for tlicin Numbers, tho surpassing all 
invention*, 1 the combinations too of letters, nml Memory, ef- 
fective mothcr-nnrsc of all arts. I also llrat bound with yoked 
beasts Milxnimivc to tlic collars [ and in order tlinl with their 
bodies ihcy might beeomo to mortals sulistilutcs for their 
severest toils, I brought steeds under care obedient to the 
rein, 1 a glory to pompous luxury. Ami nono other tbun J 
invented tho canvas- winged chariots of mariners that ronm 
over the ocean. After discovering for mortals such inven- 
tions, wretch that I nm, I myself have no device whereby I 
may escape, from my present misery. 

Oil. Thou host fullered unseemly ills, baulked in thy discre- 
tion thou art erring; and like n kid physician, having fallen 
into a distemper thou art fnint-hcurted, and, in referenco to 
thyself, thou canst not discover by what manner of medicines 
tliou mayest bo cured. 

l'lt. When thou hcarest the rest of my tale, thou wilt 
wonder still more what arts mid resource* I contrived. For 
llio greatest — if that any one fell into a distemper, them wns 
no remedy, neither in the way of diet, nor of liniment, nor 
of potion, but for laek of medicine* they used to pine mvuy 
to skeletons, before that I pointed out to them the composition' 

dwellings of men. Sec Mallet's Nartlirm Antiquities n. SIT, rJ. H.ilin, 
Thiiwlwlc paisagr li.-u lirrn imltnlrJ hy Mniwhioii ajiuil Slob. Krl. 1'bys. 
I. 11, while the early reformation of m-n hm ever lieen a favorite thcino 
for norm. Cf. Kuril). Siantl. £00 son. ; Mauilius 1.41, «iq. ; nml Dronk- 
bus ..nTilmll. I 3, 33. 

1 Cf A[nd. dp Deo Socr. 4 II. ed. dice, "quoi probe callrt, qui nij;- 
nonim onus rt obilua comprehend it," Catullus (hi a [lorin imitated Truin 
Callimsehui) rami, 07, 1. "Omnia qui mngni iliii|ioiit liitnina niundi, 
Qui Mellarum onus cdmpcrit alquo obitus." Sec on Again. 7. 

' On Hie following discoveries consult tho learned and entertaining 
stole* of Stanley. 

* iyajtw oi^oiinfc i. 0. inrrt 0i?.s/riorr rhoi. 

* See (ho elaborate notes of IHomlicM and Buries, from whence all 
lb* other eomnxiilalon have derived their information. Kpn'mr i* what 
Scribonius Urcui colls "roiiipo*hio." Cf. Kliodii lexicon Seribon. 

p. Jfti— ft; Ssrenus Suintonicua "synthesis." The former writer ob- ■ 




484— .Ml ] PROMETHEUS. 17 

'■ of in Hit remedies, wherewith they wnnl o(F all their maladies, 

! Slimy motion loo of the divining art did I classify, and was 
the. liret th:it discriminated among dreams those which nro. 

, dt'Mtiaiutl to lie n true vision ; oliseure vocal omens' too I made 

i known to them ; tokens also incidental on the raul, and tlra 

', flight of birds of crooked talons I dourly defined, huth thorn ■ 

- that nru in their iiuturu auspicious, and the ill-omened, mid 

■ what tiic kind of life that each leads, mid what nro their 

1 feuds mid endearment* 3 mid intercourse one with another: 

| iln* smoothness loo of the entrails, and what hue tlicy must 

i have to be acceptable to the god*, tlie various happy formn- 

; [ions ol'llic pill and liver, and the limbs cnvclojicd in lat: and 

i having roasted (ho long eliiuc I pointed out to mortals the way 

j into an abstruse, art ; and I brought to light (he h'cry symbols 1 

' that were aforetime wrapt in darkness. Such indeed were 

j these hoons) ami the gains to niaiikiud that were hiddenun- ]TJ 

: dcr ground, brass, iron, silver, and gold — who could assort that \> 

J lie had discovered hcforonie? Noouo. I well know, whoiloes JB 

.; not mean to idly linWilo. And in one brief sentence learn the 

] whole at once — -All arts among the huninu race are from Pro- 

' C*n. Do not now servo the human race beyond what is 
j prul itahle, nor disregard thyself in thy distress! since I have 
< good hopes that thou shall yet be liberated from these sluiek- 
, Irs, and lie not one whit less powerful than .love. -' 

I'll. >"nt at nil in this way is Kate, that brings events to 
their consummation ordained to accomplish these things: but 

Hery™ in ]ii» preCiee. p. !, " rut mini lure pars (rflmposilio, iwilicrl) mc- 
■ liriiui- ut maximr iirrciuuiriii, il.i crrtc aiiliqiiUniiii.-i, cl oli hoc ]>r!muin 
, rclclirnla at(]uc illustrata, Sjiqllitlrm tciuui Fit, oiilinuon hcrliia ac raiii- 
clliu* Fiiruia ciirjiotin villa runum. 

' Ajiul. <li' i>™ Si.wr, v SO. <*il- ">eir. " iitviiicimm plcrinquo usu venire, 
•|ni iiiiiii;i ipniiimm miprnitilioiic, non mioplp corele. Mil nlteriiiH vcrlw, 



!»■«<• ivorii* lo apply In llic ortioia Ji'rivcil from tho flaino and 
culling from Uie Hoctiiicai. 



IB PROMETHEUS. [CIS— fifia. 

after having been bent by countless suffering* nnil calamities, 
thus nm I to escape from my shackles. And art is fur less 
powerful llinn necessity. 

Cn. Who tlien is tlic pilot of necessity T 
Pit. Tlie triform Fate* unit (bo rememljcring Furies, 
Cii. Is Jupiter then less powerful limn these f 
I'r. Most certainly lie can not at uny rate escape his 
doom. 1 

Cii. Why, what is doomed for Jupiter but to reign for 
ejvenuorc? 

I'r. This thou mnyest not yet learn, and do not press it. 
Cii. Tis surely some solemn mystery that thou veiled. 
1*k, Make mention of soino other mutter; it is liy no menus 
seasonable to proclaim this; but it must l>c shrouded in deep- 
est concealment; for it is by keeping this secret that I am to 
escape from my ignominious shackles mid miseries. 

Cii. Never may Jupiter, who directs all tilings, set Ins 
might in opposition lo my pin-poso : nor may 1 lie backward 
in attending upon the goils nt (heir hallowed litnupicts, at 
which oxen aru sacrificed, beside l lie restless stream of my 
sire Ocean ; nnd may I not trespass in my words ; hut m:iy 
this feeling abide by mc ami never melt nwiiy. Sweet it is lo 
pass through a long life- in confident Iiojies. making the spirits 
swell with bright merriment; but 1 shudder ns 1 behold thec 
_Juirrowcd by agonies inejjudnblc .... For not standing in 
■we of Jupiter, tbou, Prometheus, in dry self-will hnuorest 
mortals to excess. Come, my friend, own how IkiohIi'm 
was the boon ; sny where is any niil t What relief can ntmu 
from the creatures of a dny ? Si i west tliou not llio powrrleM 
Weakness, nought letter than a dream, in whieh tho blind 
rneo of men is enbuigledt Never shall at any lime the 
arlictncs of mortals evade the harmonious system of Jupiter. 
Tin* I learned by witnessing thy destructive tiite, Prometheus. 
Ami fur different is this strain that now Hits toward me from 
that hymcnn-ul chant whieh I raised nrouiul the baths and 
ihy couch with the consent 1 of nuptials, when, after having 

■ Cf. Hrradot. I. 91, quoted by Blomficlili rl)v ir«r/>w,ii'i'?i> ,,o'i;r,\i 
■iAVani I'm uwofryitt* noi Ty Viy- On Ihi* Fylhagnriran nut ion uf 
jtwhjliu >e« Stanley. 

* Of, "in plruiin U the nuptiali." Sea LinwooU. Uurgti: "for 




M9— 670.1 PROMETHEUS. 

won Ilcairme with tby love- tokens, Uiou did»1 conduct lior our 

meter to bo thy bride, tlio rhnrcr of thy bod. 

Knltr IoJ 

Wlmt bind i* this" what rnmT whom ubiill I my Z licra 

behold nlorm-hwued in porky feller* 1 Of wlinl tre*paM in 

the rolributioii destroying r ■ I Declare to nto into wluit 

part of ctirlb I forlorn hnvo roamed. Ah nic I alusl nuwl 
again the hornet* itinig» me miscroblo: O enrth avert 1 tbo 
goblin of earth-born Argun:' I am terrified nt tho right of 
tlio iicalbacd of thousand eyes, for lie is journeying on, < 

' No clew i* given M lo (ho form in which lo *h represented on (be 
•Inge. In v. HIS. tlio proniiM IvToi-Oa 6i «c Zref riS^aw l/ifttor* docs 
nol imply any IhhIiIv elmnj-p, lull thai Is labored under a menial ttrlu- 
«ion. ISiill (ho mylliologiiiiN aro ngiiinat ii«. who ■(.fro in making her 
transformation complete. ] 'crimp* *lw won represented with lwn». liko 
tho Ugyplian figure* of l»i<t, but in olhrr ro*|icct* ■* • virgin, which is 
■omewhat confirmed Iij *. .'ill?,, t / iVif fttj/jn Tu'f jlavxtpv rapOim i 

■ "Oail-rtv" or "linie." Kit iho commentator*. 

* On the ili*crepnnc'iea of r. -mliiii;. sra DiiMl. Wilh tho wlwlc paiuago 
compare, Nomina, Dinnya. III. ,.. Gil. B. 

mr)M0*$f *•* 'oprif n/inflnfifima wpnouirmr 

rff ii j-»vt Pf ■• (Jjmii'jnf /iqrrrro mViwi'f 'lii. 

«ai iln/iii/j/c u}'pptrwi' HhJKaro jbrpfuXar llpf 

RtHaiXov airXaiTconi xtxanfuvov 'Apfw 6raru>c, 

Zvr«r uirtirmrjpa flaonpnlpuv v/maiur 

7.i/r'i( titli/qToia tal ic iiyiur Sir *oi'jn;, 

s^flnilaoilr TjMWrnMB imfcii^ifvwn ii^ijof. 

jiiii.lii^ ilf /rival JiWaiJOo/u'i^ (h'/CIf 'lii 
l«r/w [u>«r] ohT/in tarrjjpaft ^oiradt jtfAp. 

}>,f/f nol (/[ 'AfVinmi 1 — ■ 
Tin* writer, trim ronKtniilly has Ibn Allimiiui drniniiliiit* in view, pursues 
Ihi' narrnlivn of !••'" wanderings willi nn evident rruTcneo lo .ttsrhylus. 
See nllii'r illiinlrnlittna from Uip ln>r(a in Nlnnlpys notes. 

* The glnwl of Argus in ilnulillnu \Yjiiiii;iu-.illy rrprrncntod, hut prulv, 
(My wilholil tho W4ola of Hour llial in peculiar tu modern stage spectre*. _ 
1Vrb»|iM, nn Durum dci-trilii'*, " a mule ill n drc*» resembling a prucuck'n 
(nil cipaiuh'il, and wilh a 1'au'a ]iipo *hmjr tu lii" liilr, which i-vcr and 
anon he Kreni" to nounil -, and wilh n gam] in Ilia liaml, tniHinlnl at olio 
cih! with n rrpn-iic nlnl inn of n liornet or gmbfty." Dot thin phnntom, 
like Mai'lwth'i. ihffcrr. i« aunpoacil to lm in tho mind only. Willi a 
niiniliir i'li'.i Apulciun, A]iol. p. 3IS, oil. Elm. invoken upon .-fctniliimuii 
in I lip fid lowing miiil Irrina : '• Al . . . aemper olivion ■jh-cipm iiiuriniimm, 
<]iiid.]uid nmliranim cit u»qii.im, tjuidquid Icmurum, qiiidi]iiid munii:m, 
qnidi|uid larvnrum oruliji luiH o^'oral : omnia nocliuin occuriacula, omnia 
bn hloru in fori iiidam ina, omnia "ppulchroruai Icrricuhuncnta, ■ quibua 
lomcn k*o cmcriio haud longe obca." 




20 PItOMETHEUS. [6T0-6H. 

keeping a cunning glance, whom not even after denth dors 
earlli conceal ; but issuing forth from nmong the dquirtcd 
he chase* mo miserable, and lie miikcs mo lo wander furn- 
ished along lliu shingled strand, while the Hounding wnx- 
nMti|Ntrlt<U |ii]« drone* on n sleepy strain. Oh I oh 1 yo 
powers! Oh! powers! whither do my tiir-roaming wander- 
ings convey uio'l In what, in what, O son of Saturn, hust 
thou, having found mo transgressing, shackled mo in these 
pangs! Ah! ah! and »rt Hum wearing out ft timorous 
wretch phrensied with sting-driven fear. Hum iuc with lire, 
or burj iuc in e:irth, or give mo for food to the monsters of 
the deep, anil grudge, me nut these prayers, O king! Amply 
linve my in nc 1 1 -traversed wandering* harassed mo; nor rim I 
discover how I may avoid pain. Ilcurcst lliou the address 
of lite ox-hunted midden I 

l'u. How can 1 fail to hear Hie damsel that is phrensy- 
driven by Hie hornet, llio daughter of lunchus, wlio warms 
tlte heart of Jupiter with love, mid now, abhorred of Juno, 
is driven perforce courses of exceeding length" T 

In. From wlieiiec ullcrcst thou the name of my father? 
Tell me, tbo wudiegone, who thou urt, who, I say, O lui|>- , 
less one, Unit luu>t thus correctly nmtsied me miserable, and 
Iiast named the heave n-iutlir led disorder whieh waste* me, 
fretting wiih it* maddening stings t Ah! ah! violently ilrrtcti 
by Hie famishing Until rea of my bounding* have 1 come a 
victiiu lo the wrathful counsel* of Juno. And of the ill-fnicd 
wIhi ure then 1 , ah me ! that endure woes such an mine I Hut 
do thou ckitrly deliuc lo me what remain* for me lo sutler, 
what naive :' what remedy there ii> for my malady, diet-over 
to ine, if nt all thou knowest: speak, tell it to the wretelted 
roaming da i awl. 

Pit I will tell iheo clenrly every thing winch thou desires; 
to learn, not interweaving riddles, but in plain language, m 
it is right to open the mould lu friends. Thou secst hint that 
bestowed lire uu mortals, Prometheus. 

la O thou Hun didst dnwn a common benefit upon mor- 
tals, wretched Prometheus, as penance for what ollcnso urt 
Umu thus suffering 1 



I.] PROMETHEUS. 11 

Ph. I liuvo just censed lamenting 1117 own pang*. 

Io. Wilt tlicu not then accord to mo this boon 1 

Pit. Say wlint it it that Uiou art asking, for thou nughtost 
leant every tiling from mo. _ 

Io. Say wlui it wiu thiit bound tbco fast in this cleft T~""" 

I'll. The decree of Jupiter, but (lie luutd of Yulcnn. — . 

Io. Ami for wliat offenses art tliou paying (lie jwiudtyt 

I'll. Thus much alouo U all llint I' can clearly explain to 
thee. 

Io. At least, in addition to this, discover what time shall be 
to 1110 woe-worn Ilia limit of my wniideriiigs. 

J'ii. Not to lenni this is belter lor thoo (ban to learn it*. 

Io. Yet conceal not from mo wlint I am to endure. ■ 

I'ii. Nuy, I grudge tlico not ibis gilt. 

Io. Why then deliiyest tliou to utter tho whole? ' 

l'u. 'Tis not reluctance, but 1 am lotli to shock thy feet 
ings. 

Io. Do not bo more anxious on my account than is agros* 
ablc to me. 1 

I'ii. Since tliou art eager, I must needs tell tlicc; attend 
thou. 

Cn. Not yet, however; but grant mo also a share of tlto 
pleasure. Lot us first learn the mabuly of this maiden, from 
Iter own tide of her destructive 3 fortunes- but, fur tlie sequel' 
of her nflliclions let her bo informed by thee. 

l'u. It is thy part, Io, to minister to tlia gmtificnlion of thess 
now before thee, liolli for all oilier reasons, and lluit they uro 
the sisters of Ihy fnthcr. Since to weep and lament over mis- 
fortunes, when one is sure to win a tear from tlie listeners, is 
well worth the while. 

Io. I know not how I should disobey you 1 and in n plain 
tale ye cln-.ll leum every thing that ye desire : nnd yot I am_ 
pained even to speak of the tempest that hath been' sent 
upon mo from heaven, and tho utter marring of niy per- 

1 After the remarks of Dindorf and Piiley, il terms thai the «ho»c must 
bo tl.c srnsr, whether wp rcail uv witli Hermann, or take iif for v wf with 
tlir .ilwvo mentioned editor. 

1 I'aity remark* 1li.1t rtfr iroi. n^or ia utrd in the tame manner n, 
in Per*. ■153, #Ja|)iTrrr="i]iipwrecked" (wo liii nolr). or "winder-? 
in->." Ho render* tlie present puaago, "tlie adventure* of her long van* 



32 PROMETHEUS. [044— Wl. 

■on, whence it suddenly enmo upon me, n wretched crcat- 
ural Fur nightly visions thronging to my ninidcn chnmlicr, 
would entice nu with smooth wards : " O damsel, greatly for- 
tunate, why dost thou livo long timo in maidenhood, wlirn 
Jl u in thy power to achieve n mulch the wry noblest J for 
Junilcr*is fired by thy clinrins will) the slmfl of ]tai<sion, 
and long* witli thee to sharo in love, ltut do not, my child, 
spurn away from thco the courh of Jupiter; bin go furili 
to Lenin's fertile mend, to the folds and ox-stalls of tliy 
Cither, Hint Uio eye of Jove mny huvo respite from it* long- 
ing." lty drennw Mich as these was I unhappy Uwt every 
night, until at length I inndo bold to tell my sire of iho 
dreams that haunted nio by night. And he dispatched both | 
to 1'ytlio und to Dislonn 1 ninny n messenger to consult (ho 
oracles, that he might Imm what it behooved him to do or 
•ay, so as to perforin what wni well-pleasing to the divini- 
ties. And they came bringing a report buck of oracles am- 
biguously worded, indistinct, and ubseurely delivered, ltut 
nt Inst n clear response enine to Inuclius, plainly charging 
und directing him to thrust t»o forth both from my homo 
mid my country, to stray an outcast to enrth's remotest lim- 
its: mill that, if he would not, a tiery-visugod tliundcr-t>n1t 
Would come from Jupiter, und utterly blot out his whole 
nnv. Overcome by onirics of Loxins such as lluw, unwill- 
ing did tne expel niul exclude me unwilling from his dwell- 
ing; hut the hit of Jupiter 1 perforce rniislrniiied him to <lo 
tliis. And straightway my person mid my mind were dis- 
torted, and homed, us ye see, slung by the keeuly-l tiling fly, 
I rubied with ninninc boundings to the sweet strciuu of 
Ccrchnein, and. (lie fountnin :< of Lenin; and the enrth-hom 
neatherd Argus of untemjicred liorcciicss, kept dogging me, 
peering after my footsteps witii thick-set eyes, llim, how- 
ever, an unlooked-for sudden utto bereaved of life; but I 

With the nruc r eirennuiancci of this nnrmtivc eomparo the beautiful 
atoryof Psychs in ApuJriua, Met. IV. p. 1S7, *aq, Elm. 

■ Cf. Ag. SI7, *Tft f 4»B}«af ifa JiirraSfm: 

■ ifB/i'i w is ihc circuit conjecture of Can irr, approved by Din Jorf. In 
■JJiiion la Um remarks of Iho eomnicnlalon, llic Irnitilion prraerved hy 
Pauaania* II. IS, greatly csnlinm tliia emeiiilalion. lie remarks, Ih'povf 
ttalva^itvlBTlT&faifiuTB.xVjvTtvtv A-ipr]/. It waa probably wnua- 
*liat tMTcrbisL 




081-717.3 PROMETHEUS. 18 

hornet-striken nni driven by tho •conrge divine from land 
lo Intnl. Tliou iicurvfrt wlint lion taken plans, and if tlioa 
iirt ulilu to my wlmt pong" lliero rciunin for ino, dvchira ' 
them ; tint] do not, conipttMonnting mo, warm ma with fnlM / 
Ink*, lor I pronounce uibrientcd sutranonui to bo ft tnoit foul ' 
i.n.hi.ly. ■ / 

On. All! nhl forbear! Ahul Never never did I expect ; 
ilml a title [»] cirnngc would come lo my can, or tluit Rif- , 
li-riiigii thus lionililo to wituoM and liomblo to endure, out- ' 
fri^i-H, terror* with their two-edged gond, would diill my spirit. 
AW I uliixl OKitlol Fulol I ■iiuddor m I boliold UH cou- 
ililiouof In. 

r«. I'm maturely, liowovcr, nrt thou sighing, nnd art full of i 
terror. J lolil, until tliou slitilt nUo linvo licnnl tho residue j 

Cu. iSnyoni inform mo fully t to tho rick indeed it to sweat 
tu get u clujir knowledge beforehand of tho sequel of (heir •or- \ 
rown. \ 

IV. Your former desire at nny mto yo gained from me \ 
busily; for tlrrt of idl yo desired lo bo informed by tier ,\ 
ivritiil of tlio nfllictioii 1 tltiil nl Inches lo herself. Now givo A 
nir to the rent, wlmt sort of milleringn it in the lute of thie 
young iIiiiiimcI before you lo undergo nt ttm linnd of Juno i 
llioil too, Deed of Iiuichiis, Iny to heiirt my word*, Hint tliou 
mayc-nt be fully informed of tlio teruiiiuilion of thy journey. 
In 1 1 in Una place, nlliT turning lliywlf from this n[mt toward 
(ho rising of tlio mni, truvcrso implon'cri fields j nnd tliou 
wilt mich tlio wiimlering Scythians, who, raised from off 
Mm frround, inhabit wicker dwelling on well- wheeled cam, 
equipped witli dislnnUtfl looting bow?; lo whom thou Bttlls tQ "^Zgf 
nut druw near, but paw on out of tlicir land, bringing thy 
fi-ct to approach tin; rugged ronring shores. And on thy 
! left hi i ml dwell tlio Chnlyuus, workers of iron, of whom thou — 
j in list needs licwnrc, for they nm barbarous, nnd not acccssi- 
i bio to strangers. And tliou wilt come to tlio river Hybristes,* 

i 

| ' [ uliall not nlirmpt to nnler into tho mucli-dinputcd (frogmphy of 
lo'* waiulcriiigs. ISo much linn boon uid, mnl lo to little purpose, on 
this |ior|ilniiig ■ulijeet, ill :ii tu wiiio additions! not™ would bo onlj to 
furnish more reasons for iloubtinj*. 

1 Probably llii' Kurbiin. Scliulx well obocrvci that tlio worJi of 
V'rvouii'^ar could not lw ipplh-d lo ui epithet of tlio poct'i own crca- 
lion. Such, too, wu Humboldt 'i idea. Ben my firm nolo on this play. 




84 1'ROMETHEUS. [717—750. 

not falsely so called, which tlo not Ihou crow, for it is 
not cosy to fen), until tliou shall linvo tome to Ciuiciipub 
itself, loftiest of mountains, where from it« very brow •the 
river spouts forth ils might. Aim! surmounting its peaks 
that neighbor on tlio stars, thou must go into 11 winlli- 
wonl track, wlicro ihuu wilt come to the uuui-detrsting host 
of Aninnons, who hereafter shall ninko n settlement, Thc- 
nuscrrn, on tlio banks of Thcnnodon, where lies tlio rug- 
ged HalrardeSMon ecu-gorge, n host by mariners hated, a 
step-dame to riling ; mnl they will conduct thee on thy 
way, and tluit right willingly. Thou shall come too to tlio 
Ciiamcriiui isthmus, hnnl by the very ]K>rtiiU> of n hike, 
with nnrrow usuwigc, which thuu undauntedly murt leave, 
■ltd croM lite. Micotic frith; nud Ihero shall exist for ever- 
mora among mortals a famous legend concerning thy pawugc, 
and after thy nanio it shall bo culled the Ilosphomii; and 
after having quitted European ground, thou eluilt coma to 
the Asinstie continent. Dora not tltcn the sovereign of tha 
gods seem to you to bo violent idiko towurd nil things? 
for be a god lusting to enjoy the rlmmis of thin mortal iiiir 
onc, bntli cost upon her these wanderings. And it hitter 
wooer, maiden, host thou found for thy hand; for think 
tbut tlio word* which tliou hast now heard ore not oven for" 
• prelude. 

lo. Woo is me! nhl ah! 

Pn. Thou too in thy turn 1 art crying out nnd monning ; 
wbnt wilt thou do then, when thou lcanicst the rraiduo of thy 
illst 

Co. Whatl lrnat tliou aught of suffering left to tell to 
her? 

Fr Ay, a tempestuous tea of baleful calamities. 

Io. What gain then is it for mo to live? Urn why did I 
not quickly fling myself from this rough precipice, that dash- 
ing on the plain I luul rid niysulf of all my pangs f for belter 
ts it onco lo die, thnn all one's days to sutler ill. 

Fr. Verily thou wouldst hardly bwir iho ugmiics of mo to 
whom it is not doomed lo die. For this would be mi escape 
from sufferings. Hut now thrro is no limit set to my hard- 
ships, until J ovo shall have been dc[>oscd from his tyranny. 

■ 8m Schuu um! Griffith*. 




OT— 773.) FUOMETHEUS. 

Io. What! in it powiblo tliot Jupiter should ever fall from 

his power i • f 

l'u. Gliul would*! tliou bo, I ween, to witness, this event. , ^ " ■ 

Io. And bow not bo, I, wIk> through Jupiter am suffering " * : Jp 

mi . t 

Pa. Well, (ben, thou mnyest assure thyself of than thing* ■ ! 

that tboy nro so. \\ 

Io. By whom is bo to bo despoiled of his sceptre of tyr- ; j,' 

unnyf J 

Pit. llimnclf, by his own scnt«lcse counsels. ! !j; 

Io. In what iimnncrT Specify it, if then bo no harm. '.£ 

I'll, lie will make bucIi a mutch an lio shull one tiny rue, 1 } 

Io. Celestial or inortalf If it may bo spoken, tell mo. ;i 

Pit. llut why oak its mituro 1 for it is not a matter that I . ?' 
can communicate to you. 

Io. Is it by a consort that ho is to be ejected from hk .' j j 

thronoT j ' 

Pit. Yes, surely, ono that shall give birth Io a son mightier i'. 
tlinn tbo flitlier.' 

Io. And luu) lie no refngo from this misTortunof if i 

1'it. Not he, indeed, before at any ruto I uftur being liber- : j | 

■ted from my shackles— .,■ \ • \ 

Io. Wlio, then, it bo tint sliaU liberate thee In despite of ( /> / J; ' 

Jupiter t, "'/.'i ' j 

Pit. It is ordained that it shall Jbo ono of thino own do- s ■ \ 

■eendants. (.**.') t ''/\\ 

Io. How sayest tliout Shall child of mine rclcaso thee * ' '"' 1 

from thy ills? ,. , _ - " 

1 Wrapped in mjntorj u Iho liberation of Promctlicm i* in this drams, ', ': , ' 

it may bo wiuniiu* to compare Iho following extracts from tba Short '.-? ■;,, ' i 

Chronicle prefixed to Sir I. Ncwton'i Chronology. . : 

"tiftB. B.C. Hctak, having earned on hi* victories to Mount Csucsaus, ~~ r !;' 

leavca hi* nephew Prometheus there, to guard tlio pan, etc. / ' ' * \ 

"037. Tlio Argonautic expedition, l'roinctlwu* leavci Mount Cut- / < 
tuui, being net at liberty by Hercules," etc. — Old Translator. .'ft 

1 Stanley cam pare* Pindar, lath, vii. 33. , f i 

, KHrpuftiem, iv tfp- . j 

'Ttpov ywov [oj] Qram irnrj-V reaeiv. ( 

And A poll. Rhod iv. Ml. Also tlio word* of ThclU bunlf in Nwunu, >. 

Dunys. xxxiii. 360. ' !, 

Znif fit irarilp UiuKi xnl ifitirv ff jit/iov (Xxtlv, ■ 

rl fly iiiv iroWiovra yrpuv un'unirrt Il/m/iirUnjr, 
Otairiiuu Kfwi'iuvnc ■C'tr) iruiiio QvTtiioai. 

a 




m 



J PROMETHEUS. [774—800. 

Pa. Tea, the third of thy lineage in addition to ten other 
generations^ 

Io. This prophecy of thine is no longer easy for me to form 
* &ucss upon. 

1*h. Nor ecck tliou to know over well thine own pangs. 

Io. Do not, nftcrjirolTcringuieiihcnclit, withhold it from inc. 

Pr, I will freely grant thee one of two disclosures. 

Io. Explain to mo first of what sort they ore, and allow mo 
my choice. 

Ph. I allow it thee ; for choose whether I shall elenrly tell 
to thee the residue of thy troubles, or who it is that is to ho 
my deliverer. i 

Cn. Of these twain do thou vouchsafe to bestow tho one 
boon on this damsel, and the other on mo, and disdain thou 
not my request. To her tell the rest of her wanderings, and 
to mo him that is to deliver thee; for this I long [to hear]. 

Pa, Seeing that ye are eagerly bent upon it, I will not op- 
pose your wishes, so as not to utter every thing as much ns 
ye desire To thee in iho first place, Io, will I describe thy 
mary wanderings, which do thou engrave on the recording 
tablets of thy mind. 

When thou shnlt hnve crossed the stream that is the bound- 
ary of tho Continents, to tho ruddy realms of morn where 

walks the sun* having passed over tho 

roaring swell of the sea, until thou shnlt reach tho (iorgoninn 
plain* of Cist bene, where dwell the Phoreidcs, Ihroc swan- 
like aged damsels, that possess one eye in common, that 
have but a single tooth, on whom ne'er doth tho sun 
glance with his rays, nor the nightly moon. And hard by 
are three winged sisters of these, the snakc-tresscd Gor- 
gons, abhorred of mortals, whom none of human race con 
took upon and retain the breath of life. 3 Such is this cau- 

1 "Thmwm: 1. Epsphus; 3. Lybis ; 3. Dolus; 4. Dsiuai ; fi. 
Bjpennneatra ; 6. Abaa ; 7. Pnctui ; 8, Acrisius ; 0. Danae ; 10. Per- 
seus; 11. Elccirjnn; 13. Alctnrna; 13. Hercules." — Ulomfiold. 

' For two ways of supplying too Ucuns. in this description of lu's tra*- 
ala, sea Dindorf and Fsley. 

* Being tamed into alone. Such wsi the punishment of the fire-wor- 
■fiinen in the story of the lint Lady of Daghdad. See Arabian Niglita, 
Vol 1., p. 1*8 The mjihieo-grdgrapliical illusions in the followin' 
Hbh hats been so fully and so Icamiillj illiut rated, that I shall cental 
■sysalf with referring to the commentaton. 



1 801-643.] PHOH£THEtn. t7 

i tion 1 whicli I mention to thee. Now lend an ear to another 
hideous spectacle ; for bo on thy gunrd against Um keon-fiingod 
hounds of Jupiter tliat never writ, the sg roh nja, nnd tlie c»v>- 
nlry host of nnc-oyed Ariinnspintis, wbdimO on the bonks of " 
the gold-gushing fount, the strcuiu of Iluto : go not lliou nigh 
to these. Ami Uiou wilt rcnclin fur-distuiit laud, a dark tribe, 
wlio dwell close u[>oi> Uio foOITQIins of the sun, whcro'is UmT~ 
river ^Klhiops. Along tlto banks of this wend thy war, until 
thou cluilt have reached the cataract where from the ItybJIuo 
niountuiiis tlio Nilo pours forth his hollowed, grateful strewn. 
This will guido thee to tha triangular land of tlio Nik) wlicro 
iu length, Jo, it is ordained for thee and thy children after tboo 
to found the distant colony. And if ought of this is obscurely 
tillered, and hard to bo understood, question me anew, and 
Irani it thoroughly and dearly : as for leisure, I bars mora 
than I desire. 

Cn. If indeed thou hast nuglit to (ell of bar baleful wander- 
ings, that still remains or bath boon omitted, say on [ but if 
thou host told the whole, giro to us in our turn the furor which 
we ask, and you, perchance, remember. 

l'u. She hntli heard the full term of Iter journeying. .And 
that she may know that she liath not been listening to mo in , 
vain, I will relate what hardships she endured before she came . 
hither, giving her this, as a sure proof of my statements. .The 
Very great multitude indeed of words I shall omit, and I will 
proceed to the termination itself of tin no aberrations. For after 
that thou limlut como to the Alolossian plains, and about the 
lofty ridge of Dodona, where is the oracular scat of Thespro, 
linn Jove, and n portent pawing belief, the speaking aakayliy 
which thou wast clearly and without any ambiguity saluted 
illustrious upoueo of Jovo that art to bo; if aught of this natb. _ 
any charms for (hoc. 1 Thence madly rushing along the sce- 
t.iilc track, thou didst dart away to tlio rust bay of lilien,' from 
which thou art tern post-driven in rotrogado courses; and in 
time to come, know well that tlio gulf of the deep shall bo 
r.illcd IO-nitm, a memorial of thy passage to all mortals. 
Those host thou as tokens of my intelligence, how tliat it per* 
ceives somewhat beyond what appears. 

1 fice I.inwood'* Lexicon and Griltilhi' nolo. 

1 There ii mil] much doubt about Iho cliiion (-oroff, tl. Otlrcn nmi 
tlio ji.-uaagfl inlorrog.nirolj. Sob Oritlitbi lad Dimlorf. 




S8 PROMETHEUS. [844— W5. 

Tho rest I riuvll tell both to yon ami to tier in common, 
after reaching the very iikuliml track of my former narrative. 
Then is on tlw land's utmost wfgo a city Ciutopiut, lmnl by 
the Kilo's very mouth end alluvial dike i on this spot Jimilvr 
at length mokes tlico hum by merely soothing and touching 
thee with his uiiolarming hand. And named after the progen- 
kuro of Jupiter 1 thou shall givo birth to swarthy Kpaphus, 
who shall reap tlio harvest of nil tlio bunl which tlw wiilc- 

' s Nilo waters. Hut fifth in descent from lum n gen-i — 
if fifty virgins shall again como to Argos, not of their \ 
ml, fleeing from incestuous wedlock with their cons- \ 
ins; and these with fluttering heart*, liko falcons left not fnr ; ' 
belli ml by doves, shall coma pursuing mnrriugo such as should 
not bo pursued, but heaven shull bo jealous over their persons; 1 \ 
and I'closgia shnll reeeive tlicin after being crushed by a deed V 
of night-fenced during, wrought by woman's hand ; for each ' 
bride shall bereave her rc*)>cctive husband of life, having dyed 
in their throats' a sword of twin sharp edge. Would that in 
guise liko thin Venus might visit my foes! Hut tenderness 
•kail ■often one* of tho maidens, so (hut site shall not slay tho 

1 This pun upon tlw nainr of Epa]ilin» ii preserved by Moachaa II. BO. 
iv if i,r 7.i$t, ItaQujuvQf i/iM/ia X'l* Ortiy 

U ,U>t ti-stptiott miXtr fuTu/ui/Jt ywaita. 
•ski Nonaua, Ill p OS, 20: 

h-ff 'i'.rrai^v M tUtiv imipaoiuv in *6Xwuv 

'Iraxi'x oa/ui'Aff txafiean Ottof oWrar 

jftiaii' //•u/im-itaai— 
■ There is much dilliciilty in thin p.iawtj;c. Dindorf undcntamla ItrU 
•" <-Ecrp*i tifiorurii), ■ml *o I'slry. referring to liin note* on Ag. 1)38, 
SappL 437. Mr. Jctf. Gk. Or $ Guii, Olw. 3, appear* to take the mono 
view. There doca not, lU-rrfore, ■cent any nerd of alteration. On tlio 
Other interpretation aouic tiiuca giccn to ol)6vav l(tt ovuutuv, wo Lin wood 

v. pi*-*. 

w S?F im ™ "B hl J T rcndcrnI " in jueulo" by DlomficlJ, aAor Ruhnk. 
Ep. Gt*A. p. 71. To tho canniplca quoted add AptiL Met. I. p. 108, 



i la well illuitraicd ]tj tho wonla of Konnua, I. c. p. 64, 17, 
*oi CoVpiofC f'Offoei atirHx&lfmv hri linrpuv 
upaii-a ftytrb* Ap^a naTtvvaec ftyXif twii. 
annua, I. c. Oirid. cp. aiv, 61, aqq. 
"Rod timor, rt pinna rniilrlilAia olwtilit auaie; 

n ~" ---'- t dejttim refugit opus." 



806— DM.] PROMETHEUS. 19 

partner of her couch, but riuill bo blunt in her resolve i nnd 
of tho two itlU'nmtivM alio sludl choose tlto former, to bo 
rulliil ii (iiwiinl nillnv than n murdero*. Sim in Argos Khali 
give birlli to u nica of king*. • There needs n lung discourso 
to doudl tlicso thing* distinctly) but from tliis seed bo sura 
shall firing u dauntless warrior rcnownod in archery, who 
shall m'I mo frcu from Uieso toils. Such predictions did my 
nged tnoilior llio Tirunuss Themis rchonno to mot but bow 
nnd when — lo tell this requires n long detail, and thou in 
knowing it idl wouldst bo In nought a guincr. 

Iu. Klulcu I lilclou 1 Onoo mora the spasm 1 and madden- 
ing phrciiMicii inflame mo— and the sting of the hornet, wrought 
by no liny 1 envenoms mo; nnd with panic my heart throbs 
violently against my breast. My eyes, loo, nro roiling in* s> 
nuwy whirl, nnd I am carried out of my courso by tlio raging 
blast of nmdiicM, having no control of tongue, but my troub- 
led words dnsli idly against tlto surges of louthsonto calamity. 

On. Wise wns lha man, ay, wise indeed, who first wcighod 
well thin maxim, nnd with bin tongue published it abroad, that 
to mulch in ono's own degree is beet by fitr f J and tliat ono who 
lives by lubor should woo 'tho lumd neither of any tluit have 
wnxeil wanton in opulence, nor of such ns pride tlicnunlvos on 

nobility of birth. Never, O Destinies, 4 never 

may yo behold mo approaching ns n partner tho couch of 
Jupiter: nor may I be 1 brought to tho arms of any bride- 
groom from mnong the sons of heaven : for I am in dread 
when I behold tho maiden Jo, contented with no mortal lover, 
groat ly marred by wearisome wanderings nt the lumd of Juno. 
Km* myself, indeed — inasmuch ns wedlock on ono'a own lovol 
is free from npprehcnMon — I foci no alarm.* And ohl never' - 
may the love of the mightier gods cast on mo a glance that 
none can elude. This ut least is a war without a conflict, 

1 On eq<Ut>j>c ico Kuhnk. Tim. p. 133, and Blomficld. 

1 On this ."id monition, pcncrally nttriliolnd to Pittacua, BCo Griffiths, 
imt for n modern illunt ration in tho miMric* of Sir John Anvil (or Ea- 
rille). Kilt., tlio SjircMlor, No. 200. 

' 1'alcy would minply roryuu W CompletO tbo metre. 

' I liato foliownl UriflUh*. 

* Dimlorf woulJ throw out ifefloc, Plloj 6v iidta, remarking that lbs 
heme appear* to require 5rt. 



90 PROMETHEUS. [DOB— 036. 

.accomplishing things impoMiblc: 1 nor know I what might be- 
I come of me, for 1 see nut how I could evade ttio counsel of 
/ Jove. 

' I'n. Ycl truly shall Jove, albeit he is self-willed in his tem- 
per, be lowly, in such* wedlock is lie prepared to wed, ns shall 
hurl him out of lit* sovereignty ami olf his throne a forgotten 
thing; and the curse of his father Saturn shall (hen nt length 
find entire consummation, which he imprecated when he was 
deposed from his ancient throne. From disnslcrs such as 
these tltcre is no one of the gods besides myself that can clenrly 
disclose to him n way of escape, I know this, and by what 
mciuis. Wherefore lei him rest on in his prrsiiui|itiiin, put- 
ling confidence in bis thunders aloft, brandishing in his hand 
m urcurcalliing bolt. For not ono jot shall these suffice to 
save him from falling dishonored in a downfall beyond endur- 
ance ; such an antagonist is ha now with bis own hands pre-'' 
paring against himself, a portent that shall bafile all resist- 
ance; who shall invent n flume more potent than the light- 
ning, and a mighty din that shall surpass the thunder ; and 
shall shiver the ocean trident, that curt h-conv nisi ng pest, tho 
spear of Neptune, And when he hath stumbled upon this 
mischief, he shall be taught how great is the diflercnco be- 
tween sovereignty nnd slavery. 

Cn. Thou forsooth art boding against Jupiter the things 
thou wishest. 

I'n. Things that shall come lo pass, nnd that I desire to boot. 

Cn. And ore we to expect that any ono will get tho mas- 
tery of Java! 

Fr. Ay, nnd pangs too yet harder to bear than these [of 
mine] shall he sustain. 

Cn. And how is it that thou art not dismayed blurting out 
words such ns thcscT 

I'n. Why at what should I bo terrified to whom it is not 
destined to die. 

Cn. Yet perchance he will provido for tbco affliction mora 
grievous than even this. 

Pit. Let him do it then, all is foreseen by mo. , 

1 i. r. p— sw ing resources evrn among impossibilities. Cf. Atilig-. 
MO. d»pof iw" oi-o*tv tpxiTai, tnd lor tho construction, Jell*, Gk. Gr. 

4 mi, i. ob.. 

* I think Elmskj bss seUlod the question in favor of roles fca sum. 



ttU-OM.] PROMETHEUS. 81 

Cn. They tlmt do liomngo to Adnutdiv an wise. 

Va. Do homage, moke thy prayer, cringo to flnch ruler 
of tho day. I euro for Jove 1cm tlian nothing | let him do, 
let him tori it for thii brief spnn, e'en h ho lint, for not 
long shall ho ruin over tho code. But no sum, for I 
descry Jove's courier elora nt hnnd, tlw moninl of tho new 
monarch : beyond nil [doubt] ho has como to an no unco to ua 
some new*. 

Enter Mebcubt. 

Tlice, tho contriver, theo full of gall and bitterness, who 
sinned against tho gods by bestowing tlteir honors on eroat- 
tires of a ikty, the thief of lira, I address. Tito Hire commands 
theo to divulgo of wluit nuptials it is Hint thou art vaunting, 
by menus of which lie is to bo put down from lib power. And 
thaw tilings, moreover, without any kind of mystery, but each 
exactly as it is, do thou toll out t and entail not upon mo, 
Prometheus, n double journey i and thou porcoivest that by 
such coiidiict Jove is not softened. 

I'n. High sounding, i'foith, and full of haughtiness is thy 
speech, as beseems a btckoy of tho gods. Young-in Tears, yo 
lire young in power ;' mid ye fhncy forsooth Hint yo dwell in 
a citadel impregnable uguinst sorrow. Have I not known two 
monnrcluV dethroned from it T And tho third that apw is 
rider I shall also see expelled most foully and .most quickly. 
Seem I to theo in might to bo dismayed at, and to crouch be- 
neath tho new gods'! Widely, ny altogether, do I coma short 
[of such feelings]. Itut do thou hie theo back tho way by 
which thou ciuiies t ; for not one tittle shall thou learn of the 
mutter on which thou qucslioncst me. 

Meil Yet truly 'twas by such self-will even beforo now 
tlmt thou didst bring thyself to such a calamitous mooring. 

1'u. lio well assured that I would not barter my wrolehod 

1 " In .Eschylu* wo uvm to read the vehement language or an old 
servant of exploded Titanium i willi liim Jupiter and tlio Olympian! are 
hut a new dynasty, fresh and -lulling, insolent and capricious, the vie* 
tury jiint n.iincd and yet but imperfectly secured over tho mysterious 
anil ven-rulild lioiiig. who hud prccodnf. TIME. HEAVEN, OCEAN. 
EARTH and her gigantic progeny : Jupiter is Hill but half tho monarch 
of the world ; iiii future fall it not obscurely predicted, and even while 
he reigns, a gloomy irresistible destiny controls his power."— Quart, Ra*. 

' Uranus and Saturn. Cf. Again. 167 iqij. 




U PROMETHEUS. [MT-9M, 

plight for thy drudgery i fur better do I deem it to be a lackey 
to Hits rock, than to be born (lie confidential courier of lather 
Jove Tliiw is it incut to n'jwiy insult in kind, 

ilhiu Thou sciinwt to revel in thy present state. 

1'h. Itevcl 1 Would lliut I might see my foe* tltus raveling, 
and among tltcac I rockon thee. 

II km. What dost thou impute to too also any bhuuo for thy 
ausrluincwT 

I'u. In plain truth, I detest all fJw gods, as many of them 
as, nficr having received benefits at tuy nanus, arc iniquitously 
vimtiug mo with evils. 

Mku. I licnr tlioo raving with no slight disorder. 

I'm. Disordered I would be, if disorder it bo to loathe one's 
foes. 

Mek. Thou wouldst be beyond endurance, wort thou in 
prosperity. 

I'ii. Woe's, me I . • - 

Mku. This word of thine Jove knows not. 

I'ii. Ay, but Time as lie grows old tenches oil things. 

Mem. And yet verily thou knowost not yet how to bo du> 

CBBCL 

1*0. No i'fiuth, or I should not have held parley with thee, 
menial as thou art. 

Mn. Thou secmest disposed to tell nought of the things 
which tlie Sire desins. 

I'm. In sooth, being under obligation as I am to him, I am 
bound to return his favor. 

Mai. Thou rlotitest me, forsooth, as if I were a boy. 

I'm. Why, art tliou not a bay, and yet sillier than one, if 
thou lookcst to obtain any information from mo? There, is 
no outrage nor artifice l>y which Jupiter shall bring me to ut- 
ter this, Wore my torturing shackles shall have been loos- 
ened. Wherefore let his glowing lightning bo hurled, and with 
the white feathered shower of snow, ami thundering* beneath 
the earth let him ronfmmd and embroil tlio universe; for 
nought of these thiupt shall Win] mo so much as even to say 
by whom it is doomed that ho skull be put down from his sov- 
ereignty, 

11km. Consider now whether this determination sccuil 



Fn. Long since bos this bean considered and raoVredV 




tii—717.] PROMETHEUS. S8 

hornet-striken am driven by the acourgo dlvino from land ' 
tn lurid. Tliou heurn* what ha* taken place, and if tliou 
nii iililu In any wluit pwips tlioro roninin for mo, decluro 
them ; mill tto not, corn |Hwioimt ing mc, warm mo with fiUso / 
Cilen, for 1 pruiioiniiK) fubrientcd statements to ba ft most foul ' •' 
timitidy. 

C'n. Ah I nhl forbear 1 Alasl Noror mrer did I expect '■ 
ihiit a lule [no] dtningo would coino to my can, or that mf> , 
fi-rings thus horrible to wit new and Itorriblo to endure, out- ■ 
maw, ten-urn with llioir two-edged goad, would chill my ipiriL . 
Ainu! ulual OFutoI Fatal I •hudder h 1 behold the apn- 

l'n. Prematurely, however, nrt thou aighing, and art fall of | 

terror. Hold, until tlion ahull aim liavo licnnl tlio residue, j 

Cn. Suyoni inform ma fully t to tho rick indeed It b meet 

to gut a clear knowledge bcforoliund of tho nquol of thoir wr- | 

IV. Your former desire at any rate yo gnined from mo I 
eauily; for lirst of nil yo denied to 1m iiifornied by Iter A 
recital of tlio iillliclioii 1 tlmt tillitrhea to herself. ' Now givo A 
cur in the rent, wliul wirt of stilK-ritig* it is tlio fiito of this 

yi a dmiiw'l bt'fura you to undergo at tho hand of J it not 

1 1 mil too, seed of liutchiM, luy to lieitrt my wunla, tlmt tliou 
iiisiyi'Ht Ui fully informed of tho lentt hint ton of thy journey, 
in llui iii>t jiIikv, tiller turning lliym-lf from thin a|wt toward 
lint fining of tint nun, tntvcreu uiiplowctl fliilil*; mid tliou 
wilt reach tlio wandering KcylhiuiiH, who, ruined front olf 
llui ground, inhabit wicker dwelling* on well- wheeled cars, 
I'ljiiipjieil with dUtmit-ahooting bow?; to whom thou nitistf^-?-^^, 
not draw near, but puss on out of their land, bringing tliy 
feel to :i|i|>rouch the rugged roaring shores. And on thy 
left lutnd dwell tho Chalybes, workers of iron, of whom thou — 
iuii!>t mills beware, for tlicy arc barbarous, nnd not accessi- 
ble to fti-uiigcre. And thou wilt come to tlio river Hybristce, 1 

1 I shall lidi nticmpi to enter into tho much-disputed geography of 
In'* w:iniii'tiii(;it, So much linn been gaiil, mul to to little purponc, on 
tliin prqilriliifF lultjrct, that to write additional notrV would bo only to 
fiirnUh mare rroaoiu f.ir flauUing. 

1 I'ratinMy tliu Kurlinn. twliuli well olmeryct that tlio words ai 
^rviuvvfior could not \<o applied to an epithet of the poet's own crea- 
tion, ttucli, loo, wu HumuohJt'i idea Sco my lirei nolo on this play. 



SI PROMETHEUS. (1031— 1078. 

knows not how to utter falsehood, but will bring every word 
to pass. Hut do tbou look nrouuil and reflect, and never for 
A moment deem pertinacity better tlmn discretion. 

Cn. To us, indeed, Mercury scents to propose no unseasona- 
ble counsel ; fur bo bids then to abandon thy recklessness, and 
seek out wise consideration, lie persuaded; for to a wise 
ran 'tin disgraceful to err. 

I'm. To me already well aware of it hath this follow urged 
his message; but for n foo to gutter horribly at the hands of 
Iocs is no indignity. Wherefore let the doubly-pointed wreath 
of his tiro bo hurled at me, and ether bo torn piecemeal by 
thunder, and s[ku>iii of snvago blasts; and let the wind rock 
earth from her base, roots and all, and with stormy surge 
mingle in rough tide the billow of tho deep nod the paths of 
the stars; and thug my body into black Tartarus, will, a 
whirl, in the stem eddies of necessity. Yet by no posslblo 
moans shall ho visit ine with ileath. 

Mer. Resolutions and expressions, in truth, such as these- 
of thine, ono may hear from alanines. For in what point 
doth his fate fall short of insanity f What doth it abate from 
jrnvingsT But do yo then at any rnlc, that sympathize with 
him in his sufferings, withdraw hence s|icodily somewhither 
from this spot, lest the liursh bellowing of the thunder smite 
you with idiotcy. 

Cn. Utter and advise mo to something else, in which too 
thou mnyest prevail upon mo; for in this, be sure, thou hast 
intruded n proposal not to be borne. How is it that thou 
urgest me to practice baseness T Along with bim here I am 
willing to endure what is destined, fur I havo loomed to 
abhor traitors ; and there is no evil which I hold in greater 
abomination. 

Mer. Well then, bear in mind the things of which I fore- 
warn you: and do not, whea ye have been caught in tho 
snores of Ate, throw the blame on fortune, nor ever at any 
time say that Jove east you into unforeseen calamity : no in- 
deed, but yo your ownselves : for well uwurc, and not on a 
sudden, nor in ignorance, will ye be entangled by your sctuo- 
fatvess in nn impervious net of Ate. [Eni Mkkccry. 

I'tu And verily in deed and no longer in word doth the earth 

1 I Bars adopted Diudorf i omc million. See his note. 




1089—1093.] PROMETHEUS. 35 

heave, nnil llic roaring echo of thunder rolls bellowing by us; 
n ml deep blitzing wreaths of lightning »ro glaring, and liur- 
ri i" iin-s whirl tlio Just ; ninl Mucin of nil tlio winds arc leaping, 
fort 1 1, showing ono ngnini>t tlio other u strife of conflict gusts; 
ninl the rirmnment is embroiled with tlic deep, 1 'Such is this 
onslaught that is clearly coining upon mo from Jove, a cause, 
for tenor. O dread majesty of iny mother Earth, ctlicr 
lliut lUll'uscst thy common light, thou bcholdcst the wrongs 

' Howl! 



tituiic in Hie note, or Lm Uordn on Vinjil, Ma. I. 107, u 
Cbudien. Cignat. 31, sqq. NonniU, Dioiij». I, p. 13. 




THE SEVEN AGAINST THEBES. 



Tm» aiege of the city of Thehca, and the dcacriplion of the eeren chMn- 
P*on* of the Thchan and Argi»e armice. Tho death* of the brother* 
Folynier* and Eteoclee, lha mourning* over them, by their *i*tor* 
Antigone and lemene, and the public refinal of burial to the —boa 
of Polynias, against which Antigone boldly probata, conclude the play. 



PERSONS REPRESENTED. 
EnocLia. | Una he. 

A Muiinii. Ahtioohb. 

Choiu* of Tinin Viaoim. | A Hiiili. 

San. The Acropolii of Tbebca. — Compare T. 337, cd. Blomf. 

Tina. Earl; in the morning ; the length of the action can acarcclj be 
fixed with absolute certainty. It certainly did not cicccd twelve hour*. 

The expedition of " the Seven" again*! Thrhc* i* fixed by Sir I. New. 
Ion, DC. 1138. Cf. Iii* Chronology, p. ST. Ulair Carrie* it aa far back a* 
B.C. 1335. — Old T».m>l«tu*. 

Etkoci.es. Citizens of Cadmus! it is fitting that ho should 
speak things seasonable who has the euro of affairs on 
the poop of a Mate, managing the helm, not lulling his eyelids 
in slumber. For if wo succeed, the gods nra the causa; 
b|it if, on the other hand (which heaven forbid), mischanco 
should befall, Eteoelcs alone would be much bruited through 
the city by the townsmen in strains clamorous and in waitings, 
of which may Jove prove rightly called tho A verier to tlia 
city of the Ciulmn-nns. 1 And now it behooves you— both him 
who still falls short of youth in its prime, and him who in 
point of ago has passed his youth, nurturing tho ample vigor 
of bis frame and each that is in his prime, 3 as is best fitting— 

1 Or, "of which may Jot* the A verier bo what hie name import*." 
Sea PaJey and linwood'a Lei. 

• That interpretation M now fully ertabliahcd. See Paley. Tho* Coaar, 
B. G. I. 39. "qui arma fcrro poeaent ; el item teparatiu* pueri, aeneaj" 
IL 18, Eteoclea wiaboa even the dxptiix to aaaiat w the common deienae. 



14—47.] THE SEVEN AGAINST THEDES. 87 

to xuccor tlio city, nn<I tlio altars of your country's gods, so 
dun ilicir honors tuny never In obliterated; your children 
loo, mul your motherland, moot beloved nurse ; for she, Inking 
fully on herself the whole trouble of your rearing, nurtured you 
when infiinls crawling on Iter kindly soil, for Iter trusty shield- 
bearing citizens, tlint ye might be [trusty 1 ] for tliis service. 
And, for the present indeed, up to this day, tlio deity incline* 
in our favor; since to us now nil this time beleaguered tlio 
war for the most part, by divine allotment, turns out wclL 
But now, as sniih the seer, tlio feeder 3 of birds, revolving in 
cur and thoughts, without the use of fire, the oracular birds 
with unerring nrt — lie, lonl of such divining powers, declares 
that the main Adman assault is this night proclaimed, 1 and 
[that ilio Achaauw] attempt the city. 

Hut linste ye all, both to the battlements and tlio gates of 
the tower-works; On! in full panoply throng the breast- 
works, and take your stations on tlie platforms of the towers, 
and, making stand at the outlets of the gates, bo of good heart, 
nor be over-dismayed, at the nibble of the aliens ; God will 
give a happy issue. Moreover, J havo also dispatched scouts 
and observers of the army, who will not, I feel assured, loiter 
on their way ; and when I have had intelligence from those, I 
shall, in no point, be surprised by stratagem. 

MiissKNt'.uit. Most gallant Kteoclos! sovereign of tlio Cod- 
mxans, I have come bearing a clear account of the matters 
yonder, from the army; and I myself am eye-witness of the 
fiu/ts. For seven chieftains, impetuous lenders of battalions, 
cutting a bull's throat' over an iron -riiun led shield, 8 and touch- 
ing with their hands the gore of the hull, by oath have called 
to witness* liars, Knyo, and Terror, that delights in blood- 
shed, that cither having wrought the demolition of our city 
they will make havoc of tlio town of the Cadmicous, or having 

' n-iami it to ho supplied with yfvotaOt. 

' Although iiorfifl may be com pare il with the Roman pullanut, yet tho 
phi.isc in hero probably only equivalent to Jcoirurijf /invrrv/uirav soon 



' IVilcy prefers "nocturne concilio ngitari," comparing Rhc». 88, r&t 
our -»',r /uvuf Ov>.n*(f IMrivrtf pu3^ vvKTtiyopoioi. On the authority 
of C'.iillillis, I have supplied rail; 'A^niovf hefoto iirtfiwljvitv- 

' Sec my note on Prom. 803. 

■ Cf. Jelf. Gk. Gr. T 5C6, 3. 



)8 THE SEVEN [48-74. 

fallen will sleep lliia land of ours in gore. Memorial* too of 
themselves, U> their parents at home, were they with their 
band* hanging in festoons' ut the car or Adrnstus, dropping a 
tear, but no sound of complaint {Mimed their lips. 1 For their 
iron-hearted spirit glowing with valor was panting, as of lions 
that glare battle. And the report of these my tidings is not 
retarded by sluggishness. Hut 1 left lliein in tlio very act of 
casting lots, that so each of them, obtaining his post by lot, 
might lead on his battalion to our gates. Wherefore do thou 
with all speed marshal at tlio outlets of tho gates the bravest 
men, the chosen of our city; for already tlio host of Argivcs 
liard at hand armed cnn-ii-pio is in motion, is speeding on- 
ward, and white foam is staining the plain with its drippings 
from tlio lungs of their chargers. Do thou then, like tlio 
clever helmsman of a vessel, fence 3 , our city before the breath 
of Mars burst like a hurricane upon it, for the mtuu-lnnd bil- 
low of their host is roaring. And for llicso measures do thou 
seize the very earliest opportunity ; for tho sequel I will keep 
my cyo a faithful wnlch by day, ami thou, knowing from the 
clearness of my detail the movements of thoso without, shall 
be unscathed. \_Kril Messenger. 

Et. O Jupiter 1 and earth 1 and yo tutelary deities I and 
thou Curse, tho mighty Erinnys of my sirol do not, I pray, 
uproot with utter destruction from its very base, a prey to foe- 
men, our city, which utters the language of Greece, and our 
native dwellings.* Grant that they may never hold the free 

1 See Ijnwood, %. v. arfprir. P.iley compare* t. 267, Aufvpa tyta 
iarpiviixff u) tw'r rtyinif Z rhfm iro4 viur. A drulua alone aw boon 
■alu return hi 



* Cf. Eutu. 615, oltmii oUrittniTo, would utter crif afpily. SuppL 
M, olnroi' wVrrkV alui; Mtaring one mournful piiroui cry. The olil trrina- 
lationa TTiHlrrrd il, "no regret wiu caprcwed on their c minima nee." 

■ Perhaps we might render ftuJjni, nam, in order to keep up tho meta- 
phor of the ahip. Cf. Horn. Oil. V. 31G. 0/w'fr ti piv fiiitieai Siapirintt 
oiariwjoi. The closing the porta of • vcucl to keep out the water will 
beat canity the meaning to modem readera. 

* This seems the true meaning of i^fon'onc, indigene** in Greta, la 
Blsnr field interpreia, quoting Hcijch. /ororiof, mr&jflttv, tvouoc, 
IL B. 1M, etc. An Athenian auilienre, with their political jealouay of 
AauSie influence, and pride of indigenous origin, would hate appreciated 
' L 't prayer aa heartily ai the one brlow, *. 158, iroAiv dopirovor pj) 



73—00] AQAENST THEBEa 19 

Imul and city of Cmlmu* in A joko of slavery j but be ye our 
*tr«i|itli — nay, I trust that I un urging our common interest!, 
for a state tliat U in proiipcrity honors Um divinities. 1 

[£xA Hnsocw 
Chorus.* I wnil over our fearful, mighty wocel the amy 
is let looms, having quitted its camp, a mighty mounted hast 
in Mtvnming hitkerward in advance* the durt ■ppeuing high 
iu ilio air convinces mo, a voiceless, dear, true meseeagcri 
the noise of tho clutter of their hoots upon the plain, 4 reach- * 
iiig even to our couches, approaches my ears, is wafted on, 
mid i« rumbling like a rati*! lew torrent huhing the mount- 
ain-aide. Akul alnsl oil gods and goddesses, avert the ris- 
ing horror; tho wbi to-bucklered* well-appointed host is rush- 
in;: on witli a shout oil tlw other side our walls, speeding its 
way to tlio city. Who then will rescue us, who tlien of gods 
nml goddesses will aid us 1 Slinll I then prostrate myself 
before the statues of the divinitk-sf Oh yo blessed brings, 
seated on your glorious thrones, 'Us high time for us to cling 

and A rgoi. How great ■ «treM wn laid upon lbs ridieuls of foreign 
dialed, may bo seen from the reception of PSSnasHshsS in tho Achex- 

1 Cr. AriiL Rliet. II. 17, 9. The uaw sentiment, though oxpreoecd 
the contrary way, ooun hi Eur. Tread. 10, 'EpqUa yip viXai ere* Ufa 
tiuu), Noett rt rwv Otim eWt r^doftu BiJ.it. 

* The chonie mirvny tho nirrounding plain* from ■ high port of lbs 
Acropolis ofTliebre, u Antigone from the top of Iks palace in the Pbao- 
niKiiE of Euripidea, v. 103, iqq. 

9 n/wrtpyoc — id a* to be forcmoit. Cf. Soph. Antig. 108, fvyiiiu wpo- ■ 
ipouirv ii.-vTri*? mvijaaaa jfaJ-iiy. 

* Tliin paaujie in undoubtedly corrupt, hut DindorTi conjecture IXt o" 
lm\; Ofii'mf iti'iif' ozXur art-nnr, mmxpiiacnrmt, tti wrier jlod iroriiroi, 
ppr/irt tV — , ah hough ingenious, dilTcn too much from tlio ductut tiltrt- 
rum, lit be considered anfe. Pnli-y, from the interpretation of the Mo- 
dicean MS. and tho reeding of Kobortelli, eAIAr/ivaf, ha* conjectured 
AlA <V j of i/iiif Trrli* offtacrpinw, which *ecnia preferable. Periiape 
wc might read M it yu( JrnlioirAeirnliroii ualv xpip*- /Wi "T tnicm, 
for txixpifiZTtTat. »E*chylu* U*r* tlio compound, rvxpiimefat, Suppt. 
790, and nothing i* more Common than iuch ■ tmrm. I doubt wheth- 
er Ktthox'/oKri-zov it not one of jEiehylm' own " hinh-crested" com- 
pound*. Mr. Burgee hue kindly suggested a parallel passage of an 
anonymous author, quoted by Suidas, i. i. irrofMTTCttitwsf '• tmuv XI IF - 
ptn^vTur, rin yift roif woalv livrAv iiroyiem^vff, 6nXuv evyipoeop* 

' Cf. Soph. Antig. IDS. 



40 THE SEVEN [07— 1M 

to jour statues — why do wo deeply sighing delay t Ilcnt 
ye, or hear yo not, the clash of bucklers T When, it' not now, 
ahull wo set about tlie orison of the jicplus 1 and cliaplcta? f\ 
perceive a din, a crush of no single stKaur. What wilt thou 
dot wilt thou, O Mars, nnciant guardian of our soil, aban- 
don Uiino own land? God of the golden helm, look upon, 
look upon the city which once thou didst hold woll-beloved. 
Tutelary gods of our country, behold, 1 behold this train of 
virgins suppliant to escape from slavery,' for around our 
city a surge of men with waving crests is rippling, stirred 
by tlta blurts of Mara/ Hut, O .love, sire all-perfect] avert 
thoroughly from us capture l>y the foeincn ; for Argivcs are 
encircling the fort reus of Cnilmus; and I feet a dread of mar- 
tial anus, and the bib which are fastened through the jaws 
of their horses arc knelling slaughter. And seven leaden 
of tlie host, conspicuous in their s|>car-proof harness, arc tak- 
ing their stand at our seventh gate, 1 assigned their posts by 
lot^Da thou too, O Jove-born power tluit delightcst in bat- 
tle, Pallas, become a savior to our city ; and lliou, equestri- 
an monarch, sovereign of the main, with thy fish-smiling tri- 
dent, O Neptune, grant a deliverance, a dclivcnuico from our 
terrors. Do thou too, O Mars, alas! nlas! guard the city which 
is named after Cadmus, and manifestly show thy earn — nnd 
thou, Venus, tho original mother of our rncc, avert [these ills] 
— for from thy blood aro wo sprung; calling on llico with 
heavenward orisons do wo approach tlico. And thou, Ly- 
csaan king, bo thou fierce as a wolf 1 to the hostile army, 

»C£ Vllf. iEn. I. 479; 

" Inloirs i*l irmjitum non irqiiic Pnlltulii ihant 
Crinihui Iliaiki p j.i ii, peplumque farebaul 
Suppilcilor triaUa" — 
Suihu, Thob. x. GO: 

— ; — *' et ail patriae fu»a> Fdopciilci ms «. 

Sceptrifrrm Junonia ojm-id, mliluiii<|iia auoram ^ 

EipOKunt, jiiri-imjiic forei, el frij;iJa rultu 
Saia tcrunt, parroaquo iloccat procumbcro rutot , 

Prplum etuun dona, cujui minliilc teitum," ate. 
' Hen. there ii • Rap in the metre. Sco DinJorf. 
" " pro tiuixla aervitute." — Palry. 

* Not " st the ocrcn £»«■■■" ■■ Valckcnacr haj clearly ahown 
' Ths poTDnooiuia can only bo kepi up by nmlerinjr, » do thou km* 

•r w*m, m »iu. wottukV t.. l 7i';..> iu. Nuiio*; d*ah »in 



Mo— Ml.] AOAJNST THEBES. 41 

[moved] by tho Toko of our sighs. 1 Thou too, vnghndaiigh- 
tor of Ljtwui, deftly adorn thyself with thy bow, O beloved 
Diimiu/^Ali! 1J1I 1J1I I bear tho rumbling of cut around tho 
city, Oruvcrod Juno, tho navco of tin Imvy-faukn uks creak, 
tlio nir is muiklciied with tho whining of javelins — what is our 
city undergoing! Whnt will Ucootuo of it* To what point 
u tho deity conducting the iuwoT^altl till A ahowcr of 
none* too from tboir stinger* Is coming over oar baltlemeutn, 
O beloved Apollo! thorn hi die ehwh of hrsjs-rinunod shields 
nt the gales and tl» just hnuo In battle nan be decided by 
nrniH ncconling to the disposal of Jot©. 1 And thou Ones, 4 
immortal queen, tliot dwolleot in front of our city, rescue thy 
ecvon-gutcd sent. /& god*, ell-potent to save, ye godt and 
guddewet, perfect guardian* of the towers of (hi* bind, «ba»- 
don not our wnr-wnelcd city to an army of alien*. listen 
to thaw virgin*, liotcn to our uU-just prayers, 0* 1* most right, 
to tlio orisons of virgins which ore offered with out-Mrctcaed 
hands. O beloved divinities, hovering nround our city us its 
deliverer*, show how yo lovo it i give heed to our public rit- 
ual?, mid when yo give heed to them succor us, and be ye truly 
mindful, I beseech ye, of the rite* of our city which a' 
sacrifices. 

Re-enter Tiraocuu. 
Intolcmhlo creatures I is this, I ask you, best and n 
for our city, and nn encouragement to this beleaguered forco, 
for you to fall before tho statues of our tutelary gods, to shriek, 
to yell— O yo abominations of the wise. Neither in woes 
nor in welcome prosperity may I lie wwocinlcd with woman- 
kind ; for when woman prevails, her audacity is mom than 
one can live with ; and when alio is affrighted, the i* a rtill 
greater mischief to her homo and city. Even now, having 
brought upon your countrymen this pell-mell flight, ye have, 

5. 325, coniiden that Atwnar i» connected with Um, ligkt, net with 
woe, a v-ulf. 
1 1 follow Pnlcy'* omen il at inn, «vTa?r. 
1 See a juilicioui note of l'alcy'i. 

1 1 h.iTc borrowed Ghfliihi' traniUtion. It tcemi imnomiWc that 
iIjtuv rr?.of could ever bo a perioral appeal, while ai rt evidently iliowi 
th.it the luldrcw to Pallas Onco wai unconnected with tho preceding line. 
Ai llirre ii probably * lacuna alter At66cv, it i* impouiblo to arrive at any 



* Soo Stanley. 'Qyta ii a Phoenician word, ami cpitliot of Minor**. 




4i THE SEVEN tins — Ssat 

by yonr outcried, spread diwtard cowardice, and ye are scrvine;, 
M best ye mny, the interests of those, without, but wo witli- 
in our walk arc Buffering capture at our own hands ; such 
bletntngs will you linvc if you live nlonp with women. Wherc- 
foru if any one give not ear lo my authority, bo it man or 
worann, or other between [these names'], the filial pebble, slinll 
decide ngninnt him, nnd liy no means shall ho escape tlie 
doom of atoning at the hand of tho populace. For wtuit 
jnsscth without is a man's concern, let not woman offer ad- 
vice — but remaining within do thou occasion no mischief. 
Ileard'st thou, or lieard'M thou not, or am I speaking to a. 
deaf woman? 

Cii. dear son of (Edipus, I felt terror when I heard the 
din from the clatter of the cans when tho wheel- whirling naves 
rattled, and [the din] of the fire-wrought bits, the rudders 1 of 
the homes, passing through tlicir mouths Hint know no rest. 

Et, What then T docs the mariner who flees from tho stern 
to the prow 3 find means of escape, when his burk is laboring 
against the billow of the ocean? 

Cii. No; but I came in hnsto to tho nncicnt statues of tho 
divinities, trusting in the gods, when there was a juitlcring 
at our gates of destructive sleet showering down, even then I 
was carried away by terror to offer my supplications to the Im- 
mortals, that they would extend their protection over tho city. 

Et. l'rny that our fortification may resist the hostile spoor. 

Cn. Shall not this, then, 1m at the disposal of tho gods? 

Et. Ay, but 'tis said that the gods of the captured city ahan. 
don it. 
— f Cn. At no limo during my life may this conclave of gods 
abandon us: never may I behold our city overrun, and an army 
firing it with hostile flame, 

Kt. Do not thou, invoking the gods, take ill counsel ; for 
subordination, woman, is tho mother of saving success; so Ihv 
adage runs. \ 

■ Tho boys, (irk etc. 

* C£ Eur. Hippol. 1310, oqq. 

iai itOXHTK phi ImrtKtlt tv vBtai 
iro>.0f t'nwiw i/Qwaif (War gifiolw, 
l>.*n At, KuTfr uorc m^iurff uri)p. 

* ■ «. to lion tho inuf,-i-i placed at lha head of tho vend. Sen Grit 



K6-S60] AGAINST THEDES. 43 

Cu. Hut the god" lmvo a power inipcrior still, niul oft in 
nt.versity docs this mine ilio helpless out of severe calamity, 
wln'ii clouds uro overhanging his brow. 

Bt. It in the business of men, lo present victims and ofFer- 
ii g* of worship lo the gods, when Iol-hii.ii aro making nn nt- 
i"iit]it ; 'lis thine on the other hand to hold thy nutieu and 
i.hide within door*. 

t'n. Tin Uy the blessing of tlic gods (hut wo inhabit ft city 
micoiKpiered, imii that our fortiticntion in proof against thu 
multitude of our enemies. What Nemesis can fool oBcndod, 
at this! 

Kt. I am not offended that yo should honor iho raco of tlm 
puis; but that thou mayest not render tho eiliiens faint-heart- 
cd, keep rpiiel and yield not to execssiva terrors. 

On. WJicu I hritnl the sudden din, I cumo, on tin; very 
insiaut, in distracting panic tu this Acropolis, ft hallowed 

Kt. Do not r 
engerly ivceivo I 
juoi-luls is Mars fed. 

Cu. And 1 do in truth hear the snortings of tlic horses. 

Kt. Do not now, when ihou henrest them, hear too dis- 
tinctly. 

Cu. Our city groans froui tbo ground, as though tho foes 

Kt. Is it not then enough that I take measures for thin? 

Cu. Ifenr! for lUe kiln-ring in tlie gates increases. 

Kt. Wilt thou not be silent I Say nought of this kind in 
the city. 

Cu. awocinto band [of gods], abandon not our towers. 

Kt. Can not yc endure it in silence, nml confusion to yo? 
^ Cu . (lods of my eily 1 let ma not moot with slavery. 

' Kt, Thou thyself art making a slave both of inc, of thyself, 
and of the city. 

Cu. all-polcnt Jove! turn the shaft against our foes. 

Kt. O dove! what n race hast thou made women 1 

Cu, .Inst as wretched as men when their eily is taken, 

Kt. Again thou nrt yelping as thou claspest the statues I 

Cu. Yes, for in my ponie.iierror hurries nwity my tongue. 

Kt. Would lo heaven that you would giant tuo a trifling 
favor on my requesting it. 



Cit. Tell mo (i* quickly as you can, mnl I shnll know at once. 

Kt. I lulil tliy pence, wretched woman, uliimi not thy friends. 

Cm. I hold my iiencc— with others 1 will miller wliut in des- 
lined. 

Et. I prefer litis expression of lliina nillicr than tliy fora.cr 
word*; and moreover, coining forth from Uio statues, pray 
tluHi for tlio best — ilmt llio ffK.lt may l>o our allien. ,. - And 
after lliou hunt listened to my prayers, tlien do thou rniM 
tlio sacred auspicious shout of tho l'limn, llio (Jrcciiin rite of 
sacrificial acclamation, an encouragement to tliy friends that 
removes tho fair of tho foe And I, to tho tutelary gods of 
oar land, both tlioxo who haunt tho plains, and those who 
watch wcr llio forum, and to tlio fountains of Direc, find 
I speak not without those of llio Isniemm, 1 if things turn 
out well und our city is prewired, do thus mnko my VOWS 
that we, dyeing tho nllura of llio gods with tho blood of 
■liccp, offering bulla to lite godx, will deposit trophies, and 
▼cotments of our enemies, pjicnr-won sjioils of tho foe, in 
their hallowed abodes. Olfcr thou prayers like these to the 
god*, not with a nunilier of sighs, nor willi foolish anil wild 
sobbing*; for not one whit the more wilt thou cscii|>o Des- 
tiny. Kill 1 too, forsooth, 3 will go und marshal nt the seven 
outlets of our walls, six men, with myself for n seventh, antag- 
onists to our foes in pillunt plight, liefura both urgent mcuBen- 
gcrv and quickly-bruited tidings arrive, mid intlume us by tho 
crisis. [/£ni Ktkoclks. 

** Cn. I attend, but through terror my heart sleeps not, and 
cares that press close upon my heart keep my drcud alive, 
because of tho host that hems our walls 1 around; like as 

* Thii far-fetched intcrpirl.il ion of nn nlwurd text in rujhlly condemned 
by W. LKinJotf in hi* note, wliu elej;nriily reads with Lud. Dimloif Maui 
** 'lo/iimi. Pair* h.n rlrarly nlwwii tho origin of Ilia rorniplion. I.in- 
woad U raually duiiiclinril lo ■umwrt Ilia common reading. 

* Illoralirkl ic.iili f)wAt y' unyinf, llio change, of AIT to AEII liciiip 
by no mean* s JifTicnll one. I.inwood iigrrei wilh thi* alteration, and 
Ihadorf in hi* notes, lint Pnicy still defend* the common reading, 
thinking thai hi" IxOprif '• >° 1* taken from tlio following line. ] do 
not tliink the poet would have, hazarded ■ construction no doulitful, 
that ws might lake firl cither will. unipaf, IxOpolf, or by Irani*, with 



S91-3M.J AGAINST THEBES. IS 

a dove, an all-nttcntivo none, fears, on behalf of bor brood, 
seqients evil intruders into licr nest. Kor soma no ndvnno- 
ing ugniimi ilio lowers in nil their number*, in nil tlidr array i , 
(ivliiil will become of mol) and otlwrs nro launching tlto vast, 
rugged stono at tlto ritisent, wlw nro assailed on all sides, 
liv overy means, O jo Jrjvc-tlcsccadcd gods I rescue tin city 
luul tlie unny that spring from Codmus v >/'\V1int bcUcr plain 
of land will yo toko in oxclmngo to yourselves than ibis, after 
jo huvo nbundonod to our cncniic* tlie fcrtilo land, and Ditto's 
water bent fed of all iho streams tlmt carth-cndrctiiig Ncp- 
tune semis forth, and tlto dnngliUin of TciliysT Wlwrcforo, 
O tutelary gixls of llio ctly I having hurled on those with- 
out tlio towers tlio calamity thin slaughters men, and cute 
away ohicliu\ ncliiovo glory for tluwo alliens, and ba your 
ftiitues placed on noble sites, m deliverers of our city, 1 
through oilr entreaties fraught witb shrill groaning*. For 
Mil it is to Mini prematurely to destruction an ancient city, ' 
a prey of slavery to tlio sjicnr, ingloriously overthrown in 
crumbling ashes by an Arluvnn according to tin will of 
heaven i and far its women to bo drugged away captive*, 
ulusl alnsl both tlio young and tlio aged, liko hones by 
their hair, wliiln tlicir vestments arc rent about tUoir per* 
Buns. And tlio emptied city cries aloud, whilo its booty in 
wasted oiuid roufuscd clamors; verily I fearfully ibroboda 
heavy calamities. And a mournful tiling it is fin- [maidens] 
just marriageable, 1 before tlio celebration of rites for cult 
ing the fresh (lower of their virginity, to bavo to traverse 
u hateful journey from their homes. What? I pronounce 
that the dead fares better than these ; for full many arc 
tlio calami lies, alas 1 alas 1 which a city undergoes when 
it lias been reduced. One drags another, 3 slaughters, and 
to parla lie eels (ire — the whole city is defiled with smoke, 
mid raving Mars that tramples down the nations, violating 

1 I hwe followed Blomfiold, and Dindorf in bis notes, in reading 
«fr!af minit iroXi'roif. 

* Tlii* is perhaps itio acnxi required ; but, with Dindorf, I can not ace 
how it can lia elicited from Iho common reading. Pcrliap* Schneider'! 
dpriTp«'.ijoir i* righl, which in approved by Dindorf, Lin wood, olid Palsy. 

' There if the same irregular anlilhcwt between ui.Xov uvn and Til at 
(=n* 61) irvpaofxi; a* hi Soph. Ant. 138, tlx* # dUa I* /Op, IMm t 
tw" u/.Xoif iscvufia — 'Apff. 



46 



THE SEVEN 



£845-377. 



piety, inspires them. Throughout tho town oxo uproars, 
agninM llio city ri*oa the tu reeled circumviillntion, 1 nml limn 
U riuln by iiuui with llio upour. Ami llio erica of- children 
at the bniu4 nil bloody rewound, and there in rapine taster 
of pell-mell confuwion. I'illngor meet* pillager, nml llio 
einply-luinded tJtouU) to the empty-handed, wishing to luivo 
a partner, greedy for a portion that chilli bo neither low nor 
equal. What of these things can speech picture? Fruits 
of every nmwiblo kind strewn- upon llio ground oernsinn awr- 
row, oitd dismal in tlio fuec of tho stcwiirds. And full ninny 
a gift of earth in swept along in tho worthless slivauis, in 
undistinguished medley. And young female slaves have 
new sorrows. It foe being Miperior, 3 and fortunate as to 
their wretched enptivo couch, so that they hope for life's 
gloomy close to conic, a guardian against their all-mournful 



rnuuf our prmrc, 
iifi tho messenger's 
make emud Ibot- 



•i.Y»/rum tllffhrnt titlr*. 
■w them well, the nrronge- 
eneii has obtained his lot 
time Iisim bceu raging hard 
;r allows him not to cross 



Skmi-Cii. TIio scowl, me thinks, my fri. 
aoniu fresh tidings front tho army, urging i 
ing axles' of hi* feet, 

Kkmi-Ch. Ay, and in very truth here 
■on of (Kdiptis, very opjinrlnnety fur lean 
report — and hnsle- doc* not allow him I 
•tCp*.* 

[Ite-enler Mksskmikii awl Ktwkiijw /"h 

Uhl I would lain tell, for I know thei 
men is of our adversaries, mid lut 
at our gales. Tydeus now for soui 
try tho gate of Pnclua; hut the i 

' SeeElnwl. on Ear. Dacch. Oil. I follow (IruTiths ai 

* Tbcre in niueli diilicnliy in llw lUmlife |innici|ile rutin Wfajavir. Din- 

dorf woul.l allcij;rilii-r Diuil myifoor, n* n clmm. Dill mirrly irrOvv wu 

"kely la lie aiklnl ai a k'o". llian ii'/w^Hf. I tliink that tlio fault 



ml Pnley. 



* Tliis pjuuiigr in mjcely ■alinfarlory, Imt I Iihyo followed Palry 

Perhaps if we plnre a ri a after viNyir/,-!]', ami lrr.il ur tii-itji. it. t V, 

timX- u ■ (rcnili'e nltnolulr. there will he !<••» abruplncaa, f/tiri'f ion 
standing far O.tti^ortii. by n frr<|iiriil rnallajio. 

* Tlw lurjtiility of tiiia niMauliur i» almusl loo much even fur .TCucliylijn ! 

* Th* mullituilc of iiilrrjirrtalioni of llio common Trailing an: from 
tbrir uniform ilMunliiy aultiririit to allow 1li.il it if rormj.l. I bnvo 
cfaoacn ibe least oifrmive. Iiul am alill certain that uirn,jr/,7i !■ ii„Ic- 
Imsiule. Hermann (wlm. alrango to aay, j> followed liy Welkiucr) reaili 



(78— 409.] AGAINST THEBES. 47 

(lie Rtrram of Tr/menus, for tlto sacrifices an not auspicious. 
So Tyili'iis, raving and greedy for llio light, roiira liko a pcp- 
jH-iit in iii« liirwiugx beneath tlio noon lido heat, nnd lie smitt-s 
the sago seer, miii of Oii-lcus, Willi n taunt, [saying] Hint lie is 
cniui'liiiig (o both IX-mli uiul 1 Initio out of cowardice. Nhoiit- 
ing mil cucli words tin tlnw, ho shakes llwro shadowy tresis, 
tlio hairy honors of his helm, wliilu Unicmli his buckler bolls 
ntst in brass lire shrilly nenling terror : on his buckler too ho 
has tlii.'* arrogant clovicv — it gleaming nicy tricked out with 
stars, mnl hi the centre of the shield n brilliiuit full moon in 
eolisjiiounus, most nugtist of llio heavenly bodies, tbo eyo of 
night. Chilling thus in bis vaunting harness, lw roora bcrido 
the bunk of the river, enamored of conflict, liko a steal chnrnp- 
ing his bit with nijre, tlint rushes forth wheu be bears the voico 
of [he IrumjK'l.' Whom will thou marshal against thin [focjj? 
Wbii, when the fastening* give way, is lit to bo intrusted witU 
the defense of ibe pa to of J'Tuttusl 

Eft At no possible ivmiy ol n man should I tremble; nml 
UiUMHiiy has no |>owcr of inllicliiig wounds, ami crest* nml bell 
bile nut- wilbnut the s|>eui-. Ami for this night which thou 
tolU'st me is Kjiiirkliiip; on bin buckler with tlio stars of heaven, 
il may jii-i-cluiui-i! bo a prophet in roii<-cit; :< for if night shall 
nelllo on his eyes as be is dying, verily this vaunting devico 
would correctly ami justly nnswer to iis mime, and lie liim- 
H-lf will Itavo nimla Die insolence ominous against hiuisolC 
Itut against Tydcus will I marshal thin wary son of Antaeus, 
as defender of the portals, full nobly born, and one that 
reverences tbo throne of Modesty, and detests too haughty 
language, for be is wont to bo slow at base acts, but no 

1 Drsiiln Sluulc-vV illustration!, tec Prirciw on Ajiul. Aral, p. 68. 
Pclnitoiiiui in Ihc Clcoponirn, XVI. S, oIbmTVC* uj'ofluii o> Imrtni tal 
rw'ro rr«/iiij«or, firai' /orr/nlr fir/ u\r\i)Tai, uk'A& uparuv r^v ?$v 
Hmttp rpixttv liriOr/iy. St. Mocsriua Hoin. XXIII. 2, Mr St fidOg 

(6 irnrof) ml ovrctlioOg tic rtv *oXt(iot>, !,rmi iafpavfy not liiovoj 
6ur$* irolr/iw, ivrif Irat/iuf f/i^troi M rin't 'jr"f»ifi vere naj 
riir-' ulirjyf ri/c pui'vt irru'ijiTfK i/aratttv rm"r mAc/iinr. MtVUMO, 

" Mnnnion, like charger in ilie. ninll, 
Thar, lirnrs without the Iruiiijwt'i call, ■ 
Ucjpin la child anil iwc.ir " 
' See Botes' II In •trilionn, ]• ■ 1 1 . 

1 This arciim to be llio hiihc otfuivnf ivvoia. BlomficlJ would alter 
inula lo lira dative, wliicli in eauicr 



48 THE SEVEN [410—138. 

dastard. And from tlio sown heroes whom Murs ppnrcd 
is McbnippiM sprung a scion, nnd lie is thoroughly u native, 
Hut tho event Hare with his dice will decide. And justice, 
Li*, near kinswoman, makes liim her champion,' that lie 
may ward off the* focman's spear from the mother that bare 

Cn. Now may the gods grant unto our chnmpion to bo * uc- 
rcssful, since with justice 3 iloctt bo Speed forth in defense of ilic 
city ; bat I shudder to bcliold tlie sanguinary fato of those who 
perish in behalf of their friends. 

Sin. To him may the gods so grant success, Put Cu- 
panens hot by lot obtained his station ngninst the Electron 
pie. This is a giant, greater than the other aforemen- 
tioned, and his Taunt savors not of Immunity ; but ho 
threatens horrors ngnintt our towers, which mny fortune 
not bring to pass! lor he declares, that whether the god is 
willing or unwilling, he will make havoc of our city, mid 
' tliat not tlio Wrath 11 of Jove, duelling down upon the plain, 
should stop him. And he is wont to enmpuro both tho 
lightnings nnd tho thunder-holts to the heat of noontide, 
lie has a bearing too, a nuked man bearing fire, nnd there 
gleams a torch with which his hands nro armed ;' and, 
in letters of gold, ho is uttering, I ivu.i, m un the city. 

Against a man such as this do thou send 1 ■ Who 

will engage with himt Who will abide his vaunting and not 
tremble 1 

Et. And in this case 8 also one advantage is gained upon 
another. Of tho vain conceits of man in sooth the tongue of 

■ So Iinwood. Juatice ii atjletl tho near relation of Mulanippu*, bc- 
f — ai be waa ■io-r/ouv (tayiir, w. 406. The Kholiaat however interpret* 
is ri t% fryytrria; AUatar. 

• Dindorfa uibaiitution of imaiat for iticofuf i* no improvement, 
Ptirj'i ouaiof i* uioro elegant, but them accm* litllo reason for altera- 
tion 

• Probably nothing more than the lightning I* meant, aa Blomftcld 
aa ap pot a . Paley quote* Eur. Cyel. 32B, iriw).ov KpoCrt, Aior jipmralan 
tlf !f*r mruxuv. And thia agreea with the fate of Capancua aa ileacrioed 
is Soph. Anlig. 131, *qq. i Nonnua, XXVIII. p. 480 j Eur. Pawn. 
1187. Boa. 

• lliomncU compare* Eur. Batch. 733, Bbpooif did x'poi" uirkm/iiva{. 
Bat the prrwnl ronatruclion i( lumber. 

• See blonifieUl. 

• I Mb* Dtom&eld and Paley. 



410—174.) AGAINST THK11ES. 40 

Inilli liProniM accuser. Hut OnpnticiM is menacing, prepared 
fur net ion, dishonoring the gods, ami practicing his lougun in 
vain exultation ; mortal iw ho if, lie in sending loud-swell big 
words into heaven lo the curs til' Jons, lint 1 trust tlini, us 
he well deserves, tho fire-bearing thunder-bolt will with justice 
coiiiQ upon him, in no wine likeneil lo tlio noonliilc warmth of 
ilio nun. Yet against him, ulU'il lie in a very violent blustcr- 
or, in n hero marshaled, fiery in his spirit, stout Polyphonies, 
n trusty guard by the favor of Diiiiin our protectress and of 
tin- other gods. Mention another who hath had Ilia station 
fixed at another of our gale*. 

Cu. May he pa-risk' who proudly vaunts against our city, 

nnd may the th Icr-lioll dwelt him before that he bursts into 

my abode, or over, with his insolent spenr force us away from 
our maiden dwelling:'. 

Mkh. And verily 1 will mention him that hath next bad 
his post allotted hi in against our gntes: fur to Klwlus, third 
in order, hath tint third lot leapt from the inverted helm of 
glittering brass, for him to iulvaneo his battalion against tho 
gates of Xi'is; and he is wheeling his steeds fuming in their 
trappings, eager to dash forward against the gates. And their 
Mini lies ring, in barbarian fashion, filled with tho breath of 
their snorting nostrils. His buckler, too, luilh been blazoned 
in no paltry style, but a man in armor is trending tho steps 
of a ladder to his foeinen's tower, seeking to storm it. And 
this man, in a combination of letters, is shouting, how that 
not even Mars should forte hint from the bulwarks. Do thou 
Rend also to this man n worthy champion to ward oil' from 
this eity the servile yoke. 

Kr. I will send this man forthwith, nnd may it bo with 
good fortune ; and verily lie is sent, bearing his boast in deed, 9 
Mi'gareus, the otlspring of Croon, of the race of the sown ; 3 who 



iOt hill iL-rtobcrniiotirr si by any i;raiiimaria,n or critic. Wlicrc 

r a prayer i- cxprniRjil, cillicr by liic einijlc relative mooil of [lie verb, 
■r with "'J, flflf. tl }•«(), riflr. yip, ihc vrrli is iji llic urcoiid noriil, if it 
Livvfl a distinct socorul aori~t; ailierwUc it rn.iv be in ihe iirescnl tonic, 
■ut in morn frequently in tlio first aori„t ."- IMinl,. Rev. .n 135. 

1 i. r. not beariut; a brrypari iiihi-rj|iiL<.>ii. Ji.it [nitiing cnnfiilcnco in hi* 
■wri valor. OM wn ri^luly thrown nil liy Erfunll. Sec Pnlcy. 

■ i. t. iVora lite dragon 1 * Uriah xnwii hy Cuhniw. 

c 



SO THE SEVEN [176—814. 

will go forth from llio gates not a wliit terrified at the noiso 
of tbc mud snort ings of the horses; but, cither by his till I will 
fully peif the debt of Ilia nurture to tho land, or, having taken 
two met) 1 and the city on tlio shield, will garnish with the 
spoils tbo house of his futhcr. Vaunt tlieo of another, and 
•para uk; not the recital. 

Cn. I pniy (hat this nido mny succeed, O champion of my 
dwellings] mid that with thcui it limy go ill; tuid as (hey, 
with phrcusicd mind, uller exceedingly proud vaunts npiinst 
oar city, m may Jovo tho avenger regard them in his wrath. 

Mes. Another, the fourth, who occupies the adjoining gules 
of One* Jlincrvn, stands hard by with » shout, the shape mid 
mighty mould of J lippomcdnn ; mid 1 shuddered nt 1dm us ho 
whirled the immense orb, I menu the circumference of his 
buckler — I will not deny it. And nssnredly it was nut nuy 
mean artificer in heraldry who produced this work upon his 
buckler, a Typhon, darting forth through his iirc-lircsthing 
mouth dark smoke, the quivering sister of Hit, mid the circu- 
lar cavity of the hollow-bellied shield hiilh been made further 
•olid with coils of serpents, lie himself, too, hnlh raised tho 
war-cry ; and, possessed by Slurs, raven for the onslaught, like 
a Thyiad, 2 glaring terror, Well must wc guard against tho 
attack of such a man as this, for Terror is already vaunting 
himself hnrd by Our gates. 

Kt. In (lie first place, this On en. I'nllns, who dwells in our 
suburbs, living near the gates, detesting the insolence of 
the nun, will drive him oil', as a noxious serpent from her 
young. And Ilypcrbius, worthy son of ll'iiops, hnlh been 
chosen to oppose him, man to man, willing lo essay big den- 
tiny in tlio crisis of fortune ; ho is open to censure neither in 
form, nor in spirit, nor in army of (inn: but Mercury hath 
matched them fairly; for hostile is the man to the man with 
whom ho will have lo coml>at, and on their bucklers will they 
bring into conflict hostile gods; for the one hath fire-breath- 
ing Typhon, and on the buckler of Ilypcrhius father Jovo is 
seated firm, flashing, with his bolt in his hand ; and never yet 
did any ono know of Jove being by any chance vanquished. 3 

' Eleoeliu unl [lie figure on Ilia iliiclJ 

■ Like a Oacebw Uinotce. See Virg. Mr\ IV. 301, »qq. So in the 

KijJotl (ivm-fMC, Aifia koi-ic. riUt. 
* CC Af- 174. 'lip/a tt rif /mtitu *XJfrv, Tn'-ftrat l mu*> rt 



,',16— .'.13 ] AGAINST THEBES. 51 

Sin]] in good .twlli is llic friendship of (lie divinities: wc an 
on the Fiilu of tlio victons liut they on tliat of tlic conquered, 
if tit least Jove. Ijc mightier in Untie than Typhon. Where- 
fore "lis nrolmlilii llmt tlio coinbalmits will liirc accordingly ; 
mill lo 1 ly]ierbius, in accordance with his blazonry, may Jovo 
that is mi his shield become n savior. 

C'ii. 1 feel iDiilidriit llmt lie wlio imlli ujion liis shield tlio 
adversary of Jwc, the hateful form of the sable mm can licml, 
ik semblance liiiii'ful ImxIi to inoriulii niul tlio overliving gods, 
will have to U-iivo his heud before our gates. 

Jh:.i. J lay such he the issue ! Itut, fnrilicrmnre, I mention 
[he lil'ih, marshaled nt the lillli pile, llmt of llnrins, by the 
very tomb of Jove-bom Amjihiim. Ami he makes until by 
the sjiour 1 wiiich he gnisps, thu-ing to revere it more than a 
god, .iiml more dearly limn liis eyes, 5 llmt verily he will make 
havoe of the eity of the Cuilmteans in spite of Jove : thus siiys 
the lair-faced scion of u inountn'm-d welling mother, n stripling 
hern, ami the down is just making ilM way through his cheeks, 
in the spring of 'lis prime, thick sprouting hnir. And he takes 
Ins post, having a ruthless spirit, not answering to bis maid- 
enly name,' ami n. savage aspect. Yet not without his vaunt 
dues he take stand against our gales, fur on his brazen -forged 
shield Ihe rounded bulwark of his body, he wos wielding tlio 
reproach of our city, tlio Sphinx of ruthless maw n fluted by 
means of studs, a gleaming embossed form; und under her 
she holds a man, one of the Ciuhna'Uiis, so that against this 

rr.ii'. Dindorf would omit all llic following lines. Thrro it icme difB- 
cnlu ■about tticM™cof-,*»ip;?.*m, wlii.li i tliiuk Pauw luat explain* at 
iniMiiiiiir " kucIi ix tlic gad tli*l respectively befriend* each of Llicio 

1 Cf A[wllon. Kliod. I. 4fifi, 'Inro n> iVi/iv DovpoK. orv irrpuoioy 
r! './.!.■!' K/i^f hi rrro?Jfintnii' licifttfitii, oirtW ft' uQtXfai Zcvr Tuaov, 
,)nmh„]v -,p i,,;,v A\tv. Siatiu* Tlicb. ii. CIO— "ode. o niilii dcitcra 
laiuum Tu pncucna belli*, et inuvilabik numco, To voco, to couud (upa- 
ruin roiiicmptor nilora." Sco Cerda on Virg. JEu. X. 773. 

1 So Catullu*, iii. 4, 5. 

Pamcr, dcliclce mem pucllto, 
Qucm plui ilia oeull* suis amah.it. 

Ami Vmhrk. p. 124 (of llic Enp.liiili version), "Nouronihar loved her 
rousiii more than lier own licauiiful eye*."— Old Tjun*l»to«. Sea 
Valekcn. on Tlnwcril. ii 63, 

1 A pun upon tlio word irapScvor in tlio compoiiiion of Ptnbonopaua'a 



it THE SEVEN [641—577. 

nan' wort shafts arc hurled. Ami lie, a youth, ParlhcnopnHis 
an Arcadian, teems to hnvo mine to fight in no short Meas- 
ure, 1 anil not lo disgrace tlio length or way I hat lie Inut trav- 
ersed ; for thin man, sue li an lie is, it n sojourner, ami, by way 
of fully repaying Argon for the goodly nurture nhc has given 
him, be utters against these lowers menaces, which may tho 
deity not fulfill. 

Er. O may Ihey receive from tlio gods Hie things wtiicli 
they are purposing in those very unhallowed vaunt* 1 As- 
suredly they would penult most miserably in utter destruction. 
llut there in [provided] for this man also, tlio An-ailian of 
wltom you speak, a man that is no braggart, but his hand «1is- 
ccrtia wlial should bo done, Actor, brother of tlio one afore- 
mentioned, wlio will not allow either a tongue, without deeds, 
streaming within oar gate*, to aggravate niircliicls, nor him to 
make his way williin who Ihws upon hit hostile buckler tlio 
imago of the wild beast, most odious monster, whieh from tho 
outside shall find fault with him who taim it within, when it 
meets with a thick liallering innler tho city. So, please tlio 
gods, may I ho speaking the truth. 

Cll. "lite tale [linviw my Imsom, the locks of my Iiair hldllil 
erect, when I hear of the big words of these proudly-vaunting 
impious men. Oh I would that the gods would destroy (hem 
in lite laud. 

Me*. I will tell of the sixth, a man most prudent, ami in 
valor the best, tlio necr, llic mighty Ampliinntus; for he, 
having been marshaled against the gate of llomolois, reviles 
mighty Tyikua full oft with reproaches, as the liotnieide, tho 
trouUcr of tho state, chief teacher of the mischiefs of Argus, 
the MiDtmoncr of Krinnys, minister of slaughter, and adviser 
of theso mischiefs In AdniMtis. Then again going up' 1 In thy 
brother, the mighty l'olyniccs, he easts his eye aloft, and, at 

1 Tbe acute on the thii'kl i« uiiilnulilrJIv ilif ana iiicimt. 

» i. t. "ho will light by wholmsle." .Sec cumin. i'i-rlui|M Die Kit- 
Irtish pbrue to ■' ileal a Maw," lo " lend a Wow," in llio nearest nm^rox. 
iauiion to tiu* curious iilioni. Uojr» ijnotr» mmr nnt illimtratioiM. 

* This l»M »Be u a fair instance of ihi- iiii]io>«iluliiy uf eiiimtrumj: cer- 
tain portion* uf -Endiyius in llu-y arc edited. lJimlurT in hii notea o;>- 
" '■ emendation, «n( t!,v o,v air' uih>.yur i; pnr ( wf 



hm 'EftrmJCur ii-o/in, mid .o Pi.lrv, r,cc].t Ihul lie rc.uls i'./<nn wiih 
gr b tl .snJ renders il " oculo in palno <!■;,! , p, fat in rrliffi.tr. 
iXur tpanxopov srnni limnler, and in bell 



m palno UiJipi falum rtlifiuve inhlnlo." 

by llm Kl»H<ii1r/^'m-{an Ionic fcimi 
BliniorfAivrav earned llic remainder 



■ W i H| ii wm doubtless obliterated bv llm gloss iuW (W (an Ionic form 
■ •■Mir ••■ 




67S-010.] AGAINST THEBES. 53 

last, reproachfully dividing Lis nnmo [into nylliiiilrn, 1 ^] ho calls 
to him i mill through his luoutli ho gives utterance to this 
s|htcIi — " Verily Mich u deed is wcll-|>lciiMing to I ho gods, mid 
gWiiwti to licnr of and to toll iit after time*, tliut you lire male 
injf havoc of your [internal city, mid iim native god*, having 
lining) it into it u foreign armament. And what Jiunieo nliull 
staunch tlio fountain of thy mother's tairof And how cnn 
thy lathcr-hmd, after having been taken by tlio spmir through 
thy means, ever he an ally to iheUT J, for my jMirt, in very 
Inilli shall fallen thin noil, kw iik 1 am, buried bcnt-nlli a 1km- 
tilo 1'iirtli. Ixt us la [ho kit lie, 1 look not fur a dishonorable 
full." Tlnw hiHiko the seer, wielding n fair-orbed, shield, nil 
of hnuts; hut no device was Oil its circle— for ho wishes not 
to sci-in but to Ik! righteous, running fruit from A deep furrow 
in his niiuil, from which sprout forth bin goodly counsel*. 
Against ibis cli:im|>ion I advise tluit thou send nntngouit>U, 
holli wise mid good. A dread adversary is ho that reveres 
the gink 

Ivr. Alas] for the omen 1 llmt nworiUes a righteous nmn 
wilh the impious 1 Imlccd in every mailer, nothing is worso 
Iban evil fellowship — lliu held of infatuation ban death for 
lis fruits. 3 I-'or whether it bo llmt a pious man hatb cm- 
barked in a vessel along Willi violent sailors, ami lumo vil- 
liiiiiy, he |n>rishcs with (be race of men abhorred of heuven; 
or, being righteous, mid having rightly fallen into tho sumo 
toils with Ins country men, violators of hospitality, and un- 
inindful of l he gods, ho is beaten down, smitten with tho 
w Ourge of ihe deity, which falls alike on all. Now this Beer, 
1 mean the win oi'Oi'clcus, a moderate, j lust, good, und pious 

of di<' error. Durgn first prnpoBfil i/iomrapni/ in Troad. Append, p. 
U14. 1). As lo 1'aliv'n ill™ llmt (hilipns' ili'iilh wan cniiMd "wr co«- 

"■■■: ' /<■■'■ imMcn," 1 c»n n..t find rilher authority for the fact, or 

1.MS..11 for it* i.u-mion herr. mid 1 have therefore followed Uloinfield. 
I'm. fori '» trniislaiiiiu I can nul unilrnUtUnL Tim explanation! of ifvn- 

' r. t mi viiiir WuKvriktq irn>.i>rtiKi'f- Palcy ingeniously rcmarki thai' 
tr<\nt~:niiat in licrt; used ill a double scums, belli ol ttimding and reproach- 
i»s. Sri- lliu nnic, and cf. 1'lnrn. 63fi. ulyOOf ivopa lloAvt-muf irorty 





Cnli'illiH. 






I'urh. 


on. and all tho mi 


lmciiuriit oil it or* In 


ivc bracketed tliii Ttm u 




, lull tho chief ol. 




c of xapiriZtoOat (coma to 


ibvjj 


led by Palrjr. Sn 


a hi* note. 






&4 THE SEVEN [Oil— 643. 

man, * mighty prophet, nssocintcd with unholy bold-mouthed 
men, in spite of his [better] judgment, when they nimlc their 
long march, by the iuvor at' Jove, shnll bo drawn along with 
them to go to the distant city. 1 I Aincy, indeed, lluit itcwiil 
not make on attack on our galea, not us wanting spirit, nor 
from cowardice of disposition, hut lio knows tlml it is liis 
doom to fall in buttle, if there is to he any fruit in the onirics 
of Apollo: 'tis hia wont too to hold his pence, or to fpenk 
what is seasonable Nevertheless ugninst him we will mnr- 
nltal a man, mighty Lasthcncs, a porter surly 10 strangers, 
and who bears an aged mind, but a youthful form ; quick is 
bis eye, and lie is not slow of liand to match his spenr innde 
naked from bis left bund. 1 But for mortals to succeed is a 
boon of the deity. 

Cm. O ye gods, giTc enr to our righteous nipplica lions, find 
graciously bring it lo pass ihnt our city may be Mirtissltii, 
while ye turn the horrors wrought by the spenr upon il.c in- 
vaders of our country ; and may Jove, hnving flung I htm [to 
a distance] from our lowers, slay them with his l blinder- toll. 

Web. >ow will I mention this the seventh, ngninst the 
seventh gate, thine own brother — what calamities loo he im- 
precates and prays for ugninst our cily ; thai, he having einlcd 
the towers, and been prot-hiimed* to the bind, nt'lei- having 
shouted out the pivmi of triumph at the cnplurc, nmy vngngo 
with thee; and, having slain thee, nmy die licsidc thee, or nvengo 
himself on thee alive, that dishonored, that banished him,' by 
exile after the very mmo manner, 'lliis does mighty l'oly- 
niccs clumor, and ho summons the gods of his rare and father- 
land lo regard his supplications, lie hns, moreover, a newly* 
conatructcd shield, well suited [to his arm,] and a double 

■ Either with mOuv or woitv there i- miieh difficulty, ni without on 
•pithet witit ■remM Immhly applied lu Ihulr*. 1'nloy lliiuk* ihiit n> 
ptipiir rrfen hndi lo m/iiti/v nuil iru^iv. Dimlorf nilu|.ln Ma unnal plan ' 
.when a difficulty orrum, anil propone* In omit the lino, rcitihrhi- truly 
aid of this learned critic, that it lie hnii Iho priv ilr|>c of on) ill in p rvrry 
thing he could not undcrnland, the play* of ihc Grecian dranialiiu would 
aprediiy bo rrdurnl lo ■ collection of fragments. 

" WarR tic •pear w«* not in u»e, il wu held in tha left hand, under 
the ■lueld. Sec UlamftrM. 

* sr. king, or victor, Dlomlirk) »dopt« the former. 

* This pwM|ni is not mti» factory. P»ley read* uvimXaTuv, but I sm 
"■' -' — t r«f . . . . rivie . . . tpiimr. 




643-884] AGAINST THEBES. U 

device wrought upon it. For a woman U leading on a moiled 
warrior, forged nut of bniss, conducting hiin decorous] y ) und 
no she, profewes to 1m Justice, a* tbo inscription tells: I will 

lllinm HACK THIS MAX, AX1> UK (111 A IX 1IAVK TIIK CITY OK 1114 

fatiikiu, akd a dweijjxo ix tiik PAUkCB. Such ore tlicir 
device* ; ami do tliou thyself now determine whom it ia Hint 
thou thinkest proper to wwh since ncrcr at any timo ilialt 
liioit eencuro nio lor my tidings t but do thou thyself dotenn- 
inc ilio management of llio vowel of tho suite. 

Kt. O henven-phrensiod, anil grcnt abomination of tlm godsl 
Oli ! for our race of CKdipus, worthy of all mourning — Alas 
fur inn 1 now verily ara tlio curses of my giro coming to an ac- 
complishment, ltut it become* mo not to weep or wail, lest 
birth be given to n lament yet mora intolerable Hut to I'oi- 
yiilces, Unit woll deserves Ida name, I any, won shall wo know 
what issue his blnxonry will hiivo | whctltor letters wrought 
in gold, vainly vaunting on his buckler, along with phrensy 
of wul will restore him. If indeed Justice, the virgin daugh- 
ter of Jove, attended on his actions or his thoughts, pcrcluuico 
this might be. Hut neither when ho cscapo tlio darkness of 
the womb, nor in his infancy, nor over in his boyhood, nor 
in ilic gathering of the hair on his chin, did Justice look on 
liiin, or deem him worthy her regards ; nor truly do I suppose 
Hint oho will now take her stand near to him, in his ill-omened ■ 
possession of his fntlicr-liinil. Truly alio would then in all 
reason l*e falsely called Justice, were aha to consort with a 
imiii nll-dnring in his soul. TniMitig in this I will go, and 
face him in person. Who else could do ho with better right 1 
lender against lender, brother ugninst brother, foeman with 
foemnii, shall I tnku my stiunl. ltring mo with all speed my 
greaves, my spear, and my armor of defense against tbo 
stones. [/2r*C Mksskn<;eh. 

(.'ii. Do not, O dearest of men, son of (Kilipiis, bccoiuo in 
wnitli like to him against whom limn lmst moot bitterly spoken. 
Enough it is that Cnduuvnus come to tho encounter with Ar— 
gives. For such bloodshed admits of expiation. Hut tlio 
death of own brothers thus mutually wrought by tlicir own 
Intuit— of thiit pollution there in no decay. 

Kt. If any one receives evil without disgrace, bo it SO ( for 
ibe only ailvuutngo is among tho dead : but of evil and dis- 
graceful things, thou const not tell mo honor. 



£G 



THE SEVEN 



LG8G 



i 
J 



* ■ 



Cn. "Why art thou cajrcr, my son? lot not Ati', full of v 
raging with the HjM.'ar, hurry thee nwuy — hut huiii.*h th 
impulse of [evil] j>:iK*ion. 

Et. Since Uio deity with all power urges on the matt 
the whole race of Laius, abhorred by l'lurhus, having rci 
for its portion tlie wave of Cocytus, drift down with the 

Cn. So fierce a biting lust for unlawful blood hurrioi 
on to perpetrate the shedding of a num's blood, of whit 
fruit is bitter. ■ 

Kt. Ay, for tlio hateful curso of my dear father, coi 
mated, sits hard beside mo with dry tearless Qyc»y tcllii 
thai profit comes before my after doom. 2 

Cn. Hut do not Jtccclerato it; thou wilt not bo calico 
tardly if tliou honorably preservest thy life— and Krii 
with her murky tempest, enters not the dwelling whci 
gods rcccivo a sacrifice from tho hands [of the inmates]. 

Kt. Jiy the gods, indeed, wo have now for some time 
in a manner neglected, and tho pleasure which arises froi 
destruction is welcomed by them ; why should wo any 1 
Jfcwn 4 upon our deadly doom ? 

Cil Do so now, while it is in thy power ; since the d< 
that may alter with a distant shifting of his temper, wil 
chance come with a gentler air; hut now he still rages. 

Et. Ay, for tho curses of (Kdipus have raged beyoi 
bounds ; and too true were my visions of phantoms seen 
■lumbers, dividers of my father's wealth. 6 

Cn. Yield thee to women, albeit that thou lovest then 

Et. Say ye then whnt ono may allow you ; but it mui 
be at length. 

Cil Go not thou on in this way to tho seventh gate. 

1 In the original there is, perhaps, n slight mixture of coimtr 
aipmroc partly depending upon ict'ipm? implied in rrtKfwuaprrov, nn 
H upon mi-Afio*raoia*. uvtpoxr. alp. being the slaughter of a man, Aj 
ku hfood it shed. 

■ Wellaucr : denuniianM lucrum, quod prim rrit mortr posteriori 
victoriam quam acquctur mors. And so Griffiths and Palev. 

• Shakespeare uses this name in the opening speech of King ] 
sapartl.: 

No more the thirsty Erinnys of this soil 

Shall daub her lips with her own children's blood. 

Om> Tkansla: 
4 See above, ▼. 383. 

• S oi c whal to tlie same effect is the dream of Atoeaa in the Tc; 




713—703.] AGAINST THEBES. 57 

Et. Whetted ft* I nni, thou wilt not blunt mo by Argument 

On. Yet god, at nil events, honors mi inglorious victory. 

I'.r, It ill becomes n warrior to acquiesce in thin advice. 

Cii. What! wilt thou ahed tlio blood of thine own brother! 

lit. It/ licuvoii's leave, lie eluill uot elude destruction. 

[Exit Kteoci.es. 

Cm. I shudder with dread that the power tliat lays waste 
this house, not like the gods, the nil-true, ihc cvil-botling Erin- 
nys summoned by the curves of tlic father, is bringing to 
a con.-' it i ii nial ion the wrathful curses of distracted CKdijiu*. 1 
'Tis lid* (jiijirivl, fatal to his sons, tlmt arouses her. And 
■he Chulyliiim stranger, eniigrmit from Scylhin, is appor- 
tioning their shares, u fell divider of jkixkwmoius tlio Stern- 
hearted siccl, = allotting them land to occupy, just iib much us 
it ma)- bo theirs to possess when dend, be re II of their lnrgo 
domains.' When they shall hnve fallen, slain by each oth- 
er'* lunula in mutual slaughter, mid the dust of tlio ground 
shall have dnmk up the black-cloltcd blood of murder, who 
will furnish expiation? who will purify theinl Alns for 
the fresh (roubles mingled with the ancient horrors of this 
family 1 for 1 sjwukof the unci cut lmnsp"esstoii Willi its speedy 
punishment; yet it abides unio the third generation: since 
jLiiu.i, in spite of Ajxillu, who had thrice declared, in tho 
cent nil oracles of l'yllio, that, dying without issue, ho 
would save the state,' did, notwithstanding, overcome by 
his friends, in his infatuation beget his own destruction, 
the parricide (Kdipus, who dared to plant in an unhal- 
lowed lield, where ho had been retired, n, bloody root.— 

1 J jirefrr Dlom field '» LmnntiOKilioii to Dimlnrfii eorrcclion, ft).aij>ifp£- 
rar, which. tl.mi-li rrpiirlinir.1 in the mum. in dill adopted by l"klcy. 

' ShakOKiM'arc, Kin c John, Act 4, *c. 3 : 

Th.it blood, wliirh own'il the breadth of all ihii ulo, 
Three foot of it doth hold. 
King Henry IV. jmrt I. Art h, no. IS. 

Tare llirc well, j;rcat heart ! 
III-u-ravM ambition, haw much art thou ahrunltl 
When thai tliil liodv did contain a spirit, 
A kingdom for it wan Ino guiall a bound ; 
But now, two [races of (be vilcul earth 
I. to.,,, cn«, C l,. 
* Surely the lull nlaji after itoaiv in t. 749 ilioulj bo removed, and ■ 
colon, or mark of hi in -rlmluii oiUtiluled. On .ookintr at Paloy's edition. 
J fmd 111 y B ell^miei',,l.l.-d. 



58 THE SEVEN [763— TW. 

Twm phronsy linked tho rtislmrtcd pair; find n* it were, a 
•en of troubles brings on one billow llint sulfides, and rears 
knottier triply cloven, which too dashes nbout tho elcro of 
our Mate, ltut between [it anil us] there stretches u fence at 
a •moll interval, a tower in width alone, 1 And I fear lest 
lite city should be overcome along with its princes. Tor tho 
sxeeralions, llint were uttered long ago, ara finding their 
accomplishment : bitter is the settlement, and deadly things 
in their cons urn mat ion pass not awuy. The wealth of enter- 
prising merchants,* too thickly stowed, brings with it n carl- 
injt overboard from tho stern. For whom of mortals did ilio 
gods, and hi* fel low-in mutes in tho city, and the ninny lives of 
herding men, 3 admire so imieh as they then honored (l-'tli- 
pus, who hitd banished from the realm the baneful pest that 
tnndo men her prey. But when ho unhappy was apprised of 
his wretched marriage, despairing in his sorrow, with plirciv 
sied licnrt ho perpetrated a Iwo-ibld horror ; lie deprived him- 
self with parricidal hand of the eyes that were more precious 
than his children. And indignant because of his scunty sup- 
ply of food, 1 lie sent upon his sons, nlnsl nlasl n curse horri- 
ble in uttcrnnoc, even that they should sonic time or oilier 
share his substance between them with sword-wielding hand; 
and now I tremble lest tho swift Eriunys should be on tho 
point of fulfilling that prayer. 

jfcf liter MCSSKNr.F.Ii. 

Mo of good cheer, maidens that have l>een nurtured hy your 
mothen. 9 This city huth eseuped Ihc yoke of servitude ; the 
vaunting* of our mighty foes have fallen ; nud our city is calm, 
and hath not admitted a leak from the many buffets of tho 
surge [ our fortification too slund* proof, and wc have fenced 
our gates with chatupioiiH fighting single-bunded, and bring- 
ing surety ; for the most pint, at six of our gates, it is well; 
bat tho seventh, the revered lord of tho seventh, sovereign 

1 Th'u i* Griffith** Trraion oflhii awkward pnisacc. I ihouiJ prefer 
reading; uIm&v wilh PnW from one MS. .^o also Ilurgea, 
1 Sen my now on Soph I'liilnct. TIM, r-.l. Uohn. 

* Th.it Menu Ilio be*t war of rendering tho bold pcriphrus, i icoXi- 
fimc alttr Jpnnir. See Griffith*. 

* I (allow Pilejr. Dindorf, in hii nolo, ocrrri in reading rpo pa(, 
bat lbs metre seem* to require /s-fcornr. OriiTith* dcfrndi the common 

dint;, but agajnit the meienl authority of the ocho]. on CEd, Col. 1375. 

with reason thinks that ■ vera* has been lost. 



BOO— 821.] AGAINST THEDES. 59 

Apollo, dim Tor himself, bringing to ft consummation tlio nn- 

cionl imliscrvtions of Iji'iiir. 

C'u. Ami what new event in happening to our city t 

ills. These, men liavo fallen by luinib that dealt mutual 

slaughter.' — 

C'ii. Who? WluU is it thou Hyatt ! I am distracted with 
terror at tliy tidings, 

Mks. Now Iw culm and listen, tho race of (Edipu* — 
Ch. Alas for mo wretched 1 I nm n prophetess of horrors. 
Mks. Stretched in the dust ore tlwy beyond nil dispute 
I'll. Came they even to thutl Utter then uro tliy tidings, 

Mia. Even thus [too suivly] were they destroyed by brotb.- 
crly hand*. 

C'ii. Even thus was tho demon nt once impartial to 

both. 

Mi:,->. And he himself, be sure of tlii*, in cutting off tho ill— 
fitted race. 

Cii. Over such events one may both rejoico nnd weep — 
[rejoice] at the success of our city — but [mourn liecniisc] 3 
our princes, the two generals, have portioned out the whole 
possesion of llieir substance with Hie I mmiiior- wrought Scyth- 
ian Meel, mill they will possess of bind just as much us they ro- 
ci'ive nt their burial, carried oil' according to tho unhappy im- 
precations of their sin.-. 

JWi:». '1'liu eily is rvwunl, but nu-lli hiilli ilmuk the blood 
of tiio brother princes llirougli their slaughter of cnrli other. 
[Kxit Mknhkkokh. 3 

Cm. Oh mighty Jovol ami luteliiry divinities of our city I 

' Tlic ™c wliirli ll.o M>wn>iii!« Ink™ U 

nature flr-i, remimk us uf NortliumLwrlsml 
Henry IV. ,,.-,« II. Art 1, *e. 1: 

TliU tliou woulil'sl ea V — Your son iliil lhu» and tliui ; 
V..NI i.n.iiu'r, Hum ; *u fijiiyiil \U uMv Duu^laj; 
Kin|i|>iiijr my greedy car with their boltl dccdi ; 
But in itir nnii, to -top mine ear iiiuVrd, 
TUu 1..1M :i -ii.-li to I, low .iwnv ihi* urnim, 
I'lniiiii!; with— brother, "cm, mid nil .ire dead. — Ollt Ts*n*!» 
• This i* a (io..J example of the figure chias.iiu., the foree of which I 
hswe riprr-ssnl hy tlic brackelcii vronli repelled from the two infinities. 
Kre Latin examples in tlio note* of Arntzciiim on Mamcrlin. Goncth. 8, 
p. 37: Panjr. Veil. t. i, 

' The Mcaaonger retire* to drcai for tho Herald'* part. 

Horace'* rule, •' N'cc quarts loqui pcriona laborcl," icemi to havs 



CO TOE SEVEN [881-8110. 

we that do in very deed protect thews towers of Cadmus, nra I 
to r*Joi«-c and mine n joyous hymn to the savior of our city, 
tl*e avertcr of mischief, or shall I bewail the miserable and 
-ill-fiitc^l Hiildlcn 1 commanders, who, in very truth, correctly, 
according* lo their name,- full uf rnncor, have perished iu im- 
pious purpose? Oli dark nnd fatal curso of the nice mid of 
CKdipus, what horrihle dull is this that is fulling upon tny 
hcautl' I, like a Thyind, huvo framed n dirge for the tomb, 
henring of iIki dead, dabbled in blood, Unit perished iiuplcssly 
__vcrily tills meeting of spears was ill-omened. The impre- 
cation of (tic father hath token full effect, and huth not failed : 
and tlm unlielieving schemes of Ijiiust hnvo lasted even until 
now; nnd core is through our city, nnd the divine declara- 
tions loso not iheir edge— Aloe! worthy of many n sigh, yo 
have ncconi]dislicd this horror surpassing credence ; nnd lam- 
entable fuJli-rings hnvc conic indeed. This is self-evident, the 
tale of tlie messenger is lieforc tny eyes — Double are our ror- 
lows, double nre (lie horrors of them that have fallen by mu- 
tual fdii tighter; doubly shared nre these consummated sitftcr- 
ingsw "W hat "hall I say? What, but that of a certainly trou- 
ble* on troubles arc constant inmates of this bouse? Hut, my 
friends, ply the S|sccditig stroke of your hands nlmut your heads, 
before the gnlo of sighs, which ever wafts on 119 passage the 
bark, on which no sighs arc heard, with sable sails, the freighted 
-with the dead, untrodden far A|ki11o, the sunless, across Ache- 
ron, and to tho invisible all-receiving shore.* 

bn drawn from the practice of the Greek Ma«c. Only thro aetora 
were allowed to each of Ibr rpniprtitor-dranUlisU, And (he.o were Mnij.ni- 
•d to them W lot. (Hravebiua, X(/n)fne fautjMnSi 1 .) Thua, for hutanrc, 
ma is remarked by a writer in Ilia yuartcrly Itcvirw, in the IKdipua nt 
Colonaa, *. 609, Iimcnc poci to oiler «:u-rificr. anil, niter about fury 
linca. rtlurni in the character of Thewua. Soon afterward, v. p.|7, 
Antipone ia carried off by Crcon'a alien hint", nnd reluma ok TIicjicub 
•An about the nmc inter* id ai before. — Olu Tkansi.*tiok. Tho trans- 
lator had misquoted the (.-loss of Hesychiiis. 

• Toil ia tho tragic account. See Soph. Anlig. 170, aqq. • Eurip 
Pbaen. 757, sqq. but other nulhora mention descendants of both. 

■ Another pun on Ilo/it'ti*4f. 

• Ct Romeo and Juliet, Art 4, ac. 3: 

" [ hare a faint cold fear thrill" through m 7 wins." 

• This paaaaee ia confeaaedly corrupt. Pnlcy acenia to hars rightly 
mtorcd ioW-wfrom the uaroiov Pru/w'ila in Jtoherlelli'i edition. This 
skip, a* bs remarks, would truly ho UoroAor, in opposition to tho one 
•attat le> Delphi, which waa properly said orr?.An>6ai rB j Btuoiav. Tho 




8G1-310J AGAINST THEBES. 61 

Hut [enough]! for here arc coming to this bitter office both 
Antigone and Jsmene. I urn assured beyond nil doubt that 
they will fcimI forth n fitting wnil from (Heir lowly deep-cine- 
lured bosoms. Anil right it is that wo, before the sound of their 
wailing reach us, both ejaculate the dismal-sounding clinuut 
of Kriunyn, mill ning a hateful [won to Pluto. Alasl ye thut 
arc the most hapless in your sisterhood of nil women that Ding 
the /one nrouml their robe*, I weep, T mourn, mid (Here i» no 
guile uhout so as not to bo truly wailing from my very soul. 

Skmi-Chokus. Alas! alasl yc frnnlie youths, distrustful of 
friends, nud unsubdued by troubles, have wretched seized on 
your paternal dwelling with the cjienr. 

Kkmi-Ch. Wretched in sooth were they who found a 
wretched death to the bana of their houses. 

Kkmi-Ciu Alasl alas! ye thut overthrew the walls of your 
palace, mid having east mi eye on bitter monarchy, how Intra 
ye now settled your claims with the steel) 

Skmi-Cii. And too truly hath awful Krinnys brought [the 
curses] nf their father CKdipus to a consumnialion. 

Sumi-Cii. Smitten through your left — Smitten in very truth, 
and through sides tliat s|iruiig from a common womb. 

Skui-Cn. Alas for them, wretched ! Alasl for the impre- 
cations of death which avenged murder by murder. 

Skmi-Cii. TIiuu spuakest of the stroke lb.it pierced through 
nud through those that were smitten in their houses mid in 
their persons with s[ieeehless mge, mid the doom of discord 
brought upon them by tho curses of their father. 

Suvii-Cu. And moreover, sighing jiervadcs tho city, tho 
towers sigh, the laud th.it loved her heroes sighs; and for 
posterity remains tho substance by reason of which, by reason 
of which, 1 contention came upon them whom evil destiny, mid 
the issue of death. 

Skmi-Cii. In the fierceness of their hearts they divided be- 
tween them the possessions, so as to have an cquiil share; but 
tlie arbiter- escapes not censure from their friends, and joyless 
was their warfare. 

ivar.ls uirifli/' froilui't confirm thin opinion. In rrffarJ to tho all unions, 
etc Stanley anil Dlomtirlil, nW WyticnUirh on PLuo J'lucilon. sub init. 

1 Tliis repetition of tl' tli- is not Bllojti'llicr ntiiUM. Tlifir coiilcntian 
for cm.itc. wa« the came built of tlicir being uivo/iojiot and of llio vtUef 
lh.« enmed. 

* ■'. c. the .wurJ. Cf t, 885. 



THE SEVEN [911—661 



Srai-CiL Smitten by llic Heel, licro they lio ; anil c 
by the Heel 1 tlicrc owait them— one may uercliuncc usk what i 
— tiic inheritance of tliO tombs of their fathers. 

Hoii-Cii. From the house tlic piercing groan send* forth 
its found loudly over tltnn, mourning with a sorrow suA'cringa 
as o'er its own, melancholy, n foe to mirth, sincerely weeping 
from the very soul, which is worn down while I wnil for these 
two princes. 

Sew-Cil Wo may say tooof these hnnpy men that they both 
'wrought many mischief* to their countrymen, and to the ranks 
of all the strangers, that perished in great numltcrs in battle. 

Sun-Cu. Ill-luted whs slic that tare them bvforo all wo- 
men, as many as arc mothers of children. Having taken lo 
bemelf her own son for a liiihluind, she brought forth these, 
and they have ended their existence thus by fraternal lunula 
that dealt mutual daughter. 

JSkmi-Cii. Fraternal in very truth ! and utterly undono 
were they by a severing in no wise amicable, by phrensied 
strife at the consummation of their feud. 

Smi-Oi. Hut their enmity is terniinntcd ; and in the reck- 
ing earth is their life-blood mingled, and truly arc they of the 
anmo blootL A bitter arbiter of strife in the stranger from be- 
yond the sea, the whetted steel that bounded forth from tbo 
fire; and bitter is the horrible distributer of their Milwlanee, 
Mars, who hath brought the curse of their father truly to its 
consummation. 

Sem-Cii. Hapless youths! They have obtained their por- 
tion of heaven- awn riled woes, and bom-nth their bodies shall 
ben fathomless wealth of earth. 2 Atasl ye that have made 
your houses bloom with many I roubles ! And at its fall theso 
Curses raised the shout of triumph in shrill drain, when the 
race had been put to flight in total rout ; a trophy of Ate has 
been reared at the gate at which they smote each other, and, 
baring overcome l>oth, the demon rested. 

Enter AsnnoxK ami Ismexe, 

A-vr. 'When wounded thou didst wound again. 5 

1 This epithet applied to Ihrir ancestral tomb* doubtleaa allude! to tha 
violent deaths of ljiu« and fEilipits. 

* On the enallarr ttuaari for oi^iani sec Griffiths. Thr port menna lo 
my that this will be all their pnntraaion after drath. Slill IJIoiiilirlds 
•wing, JTH"""- seema mnre elegant and aatiaf.irtory. 

* Pmw remarks that Poljniccs i* tha chief subject of Antigona'i 




901— QQO.] AGAINST THEBES. 63 

IsM. And thou, Iiaviu^ dealt dentil, didst perish. 
Ant. "Willi the sjiear thou didst slay, 
lsii. By the spenr tliou didst lidL 
Axt. YVrctrhcd in thy deeds ! 
Isst. Wntrhcd in thy suileringsl 

Ism. Ix't groans resound. 

Ant. Having chiiii, lie nliaUlio prostrate. Alas! olasl my 
soul is maddening with sighs. 

Ism. And my heart mourn* within tnc. 

Ant. Alas! ihou that nit worthy of nil lumen lotion 1 

l.v\i. And thou npiin aim) utterly wretched. 

Ant. lly n friend didst thon lull. 

Ism. Amln friend didst thou slay. 

Ant. Douhlc horror* to toll of. 

Ism. Double horrors lo U'hold ! 

A*t. These horrors arc miir ukin to Biirli sorrow*. 

Ism. And we their sisters here nrc near to our brothers. 

C'n. Alus! tliou Destiny, awnrder of bitterness, wretched I 
nnd thou dread shade of CKdipusl and dark Erinnysl verily 

Ant. Alas! uIuhI sutferings dismal to behold hath be shown 
to mc after his exile. 

Ant. And he returned not when lie had shun him. 

Ism. No— hut after being saved he lost his life. 

A.nt. Iii very truth he lost it. 

Ism. Ay, and he cut oil" his brother. 

Ant. Wrelehed family! 

Ism. That hath endured wretchedness. Woes that nro 
wretched uml of one mime. Thoroughly steeped in three-fold 
sutlering*. 

Ant. Deadly to tell— 

Ism. Deadly to look on. 

Cn. Alas' alas! thou Destiny, awarder of bitterness, wretch- 
ed! and thou dread shade of tEdipus I and dork Erinnys! ver- 
ily art thou great in might. 

Avr. Thou in sooth knowest this by passing through it. 



ir hewniln ElcoeW. Thi» may illmtratr much of 
na well a. nplaiii whrncr Sophocles derive! bu 
cr, iliu Thclian martyr- heroine, Anligonc. 



64 THE SEVEN [991—1(131. 

Ian. And so dost thou, having learned it just as soon u 
he. 

Ant. After that thou didst return to tlio city. 
• Ism. An antagonist too to this man hero in battle-fray. 

Ant. Deadly to tell. 

lax. Deadly to look on. 

Ant. Alas! tho trouble. 
1 lax. Alas I tho horrors upon our family and our land, and 
toe abort nil. 
. Ant. Alas! alas I and mc, bo sure, more than all. 

Lai. Alan I ala.il for tho wretched horrors] O sovereign 
Etooclcs, our chieftain 1 

Ant. Alas I ye moat miserable of all men. 

Ism. Alas! ye possessed by Ate. 

Ant. Alas! alas! where in the land shall we place them 
both? Alas! in the spot ilmt is most honorable. Alasl alas! 
a woe fit to sleep beside my father.' 

Kilter IIkhaI-D. 

TU my duty to announce the good pleasure and the decree 
of* the senators of the people of this eity of Cadmus. It is 
resolved to bury this body of Ktcoelcs for hi.t attachment 
to his country, with the dear interment in enrth ! for in re- 
pelling our foes he met death in the cily, mid being pure in 
respect to the sacred riles of his country, blameless hath ho 
Cillen where 'tis glorious for the young to full ; thus, indeed, 
bath it been commissioned mc to announce, concerning this 
corpse : Bat [it has been decreed] to enst out unburicri, a prey 
for dogs, this the corpse of bis brother 1'olynices, inasmuch us 
be would have been the ovcrlumcr of the hind of Cadmus, if 
some one of tho gods hod not stood in opposition to his spear: 
and even now that he is dead, he will lie under the guilt of 
pollution with the gods of his country, whom he having dis- 
honored was for taking the city by bringing nguiii.*l it a 
foreign host. So it is resolved that he, having been buried dis- 
honorably by winged fowls, should receive bis recompense, | 

■ Throughout tliii scene I have followed Dindorf * lent, nltliouch many 
improvement! hare been made in tliciliaponition of llie ilranwlia pcmoiup. 
Eirrj one will eonfrM that the length of lb 16 conimoii|>lacei in lliii 
■cent would be much againal (lir play, bill Tut the auiiuntcil eonclniion, 
a rvncliuion, however, that muat loae all iti finral internal to tlio reader 
IN is onaoquaiBted with the Antigonn of Sophocles ! 




10SS— 1051.] AGAINST THEBES 65 

mxl that neither piling up by hands of tho mound over liis 
tomb should follow, nor any one honor him with shrill-voiced 
wailing*, hut that lie be ungraccd with a funeral at the hands 
of lug I chads. Such is tho decree of tlio magistracy of tho 
CuihiianuM 

Ant, Hut I nay to the rulers of the Cadmreans, if not an- 
other single person is willing to lake jmrt with me in burying 
him, I will bury him, nml will expose myself 1 to peril by 
burying my brother. And I feel no slmmc nt being guilty of 
this ilisoliediciit insubordination against the city. Powerful is 
the lie of the common womb from which we sprung, from a 
wretched mother mid a hapless sire. 'Wherefore, my soul, do 
thou, willing with the willing share in his woes, with the dead, 
thou living, with sisterly feeling — and nought shall lenn-bcllicd 
wolves tear Ins flesh — let no one suppose it. All woman 
though I be, I will contrive a tomb and a deep-dug grave for 
him, Ix-nrlng earth in the bosom- fold of my line linen robe, and 
I myself will cover him; let none imagine the contrary: on 
effective scheme shall aid iny boldness. 

lli-it. I bid thee not to act despite the state in this matter. 

Ant. I bid thee not announce to me superfluous things. 

IJkh. Yet stern is a people that has just escaped troubles. 

Ant. Ay, call it stern 2 — yet this [corpse] shall not lio un- 
buricd. 

IIkii. What I wilt thou honor with a tomb him whom our 
state minors? 3 

Ant. Heretofore he has not liecn honored by the gods. 1 

1 1 i:it. Not so, at least before he put this realm in jeopardy. 

Ant. Having snilorcd injuriously he repaid with injury. 

1 Wellaiior (nut .SchoJficltl, oi (iruTitlM nay*) defend* llic common read- 
inefMin Herod.*. V. 4U. 

' rininiT. Hut T. JiurirPniT emendation taarfr yi gcciii* better, and 
i. iiMirainl hy Ulmiilii-lil. 

- \u.... iflkrntliilliihV'iAr^'uiim'lHfwli-Lt^i.iil'rJiyi'ilVrall*" lectio 

"l".]. -.'!■■;, ;-.i». !'..;,■,', ivl.o n.-,h','h.-:, MTiiil.r ln!ilLwl,"'.'!- ail ol!,<-'r" h:\",. 

tut ; txsfl cj;n rmn lionuralio." .See hi* Lijjlily Millar tnrv ante, to wliirh 
I will only add llint llic rra~oning of I lie Anticline uf ISujiiiocleii, »■». 516, 
"I'l B' TC " oaijde confirmation to Ids view of tin* poenago. 



66 THE SEVEN AGAINST THEDES. [1058— Htm 

Her. Ay, but this deed of his fell on all instead of one. 

Axt. Contention is tlic Inst of the gods to finish a dispute,' 
and I will bury him ; moke no more word*. 

Her, Weil, take thine own way— yet I forbid thee. 

[Exit Ukrai.d. 

Cil Alas! nlns! ye fatal Furies, proudly triutnplinnt, 
and destructive to this nice, yc tlint have ruined the family of 
(Kdipua from its root. What will become of mc ? What xhuil 
I dof What can I devise 1 How shall I have the heart nei- 
ther to bewail thee nor to escort thee to the tomb? Hut I 
dread and shrink from the terror of the cilizens. Thou, at nil 
•vents, shall in sooth have many mourners ; but he, wretched 
one, deports unsigned for, having tlic solitary-wailing dirge of 
his sister. Who will agree to this? 

Sem. Let tlw state do or not do aught to those who bcwnil 
Folyniccs. We, on this side will go and join to escort his fu- 
neral procession ; for both this sorrow is common to the race, 
and tlie state at different times sanctions different maxims of 
justice. 

Sex. Hut we will go with this corpse, ns both the city and 
justice join to sanction. For next to the Immortals and tho 
might of Jove, this man prevented the city of the Cadtna-nns 
frm being destroyed, and thoroughly overwhelmed by tho 
■urge at foreign enemies. 

d •uasr omit Ibis tent, or uiifn ii to tho cborui. 




THE PERSIANS 



Tnr. ill-lmling drram of A 

of Uarim, bciil" invoked, denounce! (lie mail folly of Xcrin, wilh 
wlioic laiucMalion*, upon hii Uwgractfal return, tho play conclude*. 



PERSONS REPRESENTED. 



Cir. These arc llic faithful banil 1 left by the Porr.irms who 
have pone into llio land of Ilrllii.i, mill pianlians of thrso opu- 
lent iiUiilcn »1 10 1 ilk ling in gold, whom our prince Xcrxen himself, 
;i monarch descended from Dariiw, selected (According tOBcnkir- 
iiy, to have tlio hi iiieri ntcndei.ee of tlm realm. And now for 
some I i mo my ill-lioiiitig soul within mc has been in n stale of 
exceeding agitation concerning tlio rcinnt of our monarch, 
and of tho army in its rich array, for tlio whole native power 
of Asia hath gone, nnd [my mind] calls lor its youthful hero." 

1 !rcrr.l = o! T,nro?. bit lllnmficld, who uliown that (hi* waa ft diatom- 
,iry i-;.i;'iii>i .ijijiiifil tu tin; S.ili-aps .mil oilier IY:niari ditfiiilarifs. Sicbe. 
li», Dialrili. in .Enrhyli Penal, p. 37, «|q. bring* a great uliow of Irntn- 
in-j 1» prove (hit (hese w™ liio KuihicIik, mpecially from their hrinrr 
r.in^.jlii'il us Aiossn. rim] moreover mippoar-n both from ihc etymology of 
certain of Ihc name-, ami the enumeration of thane allies of tlio Pcr*ian* 
onlv. who were rliii'lly infiiirioim tor tii.-ir cltcmimcv, ih.it n lircam of 
irmiv rum ihroii -lumt tW w!iok of this iL.,nis, mlm'iriil.ly calculated to 
]i':.T .in Ai'n-ju.-iii au.licnec. Thin ia confirmed hv .Tlnchyliw liavina 
vemured (,. employ a pi.ro.lv of (he commn.rrmcru nV i'limiiclW Pliw. 



ami UcriKiiiT wan. See Herodol. V. 48. Hence Suia ia placed "inter 
omamrnta rami" hy Curtiua V. 1. 7. 

. * 1 have, with Palcy. followed tho clear ami aatiafoctory explanation 
which Linwood has continued in liia lexicon, i. v. /Jat\ttf. He Wctl 



C8 THE PERSIANS. 114— 64, 

And neither docs iinj mewmger nor tiny horwmnn arrive, nt 
llic city of the IViyiuiiH, who, having <|iiitlril llie city of Sura 
anil oi" Kchutunn, 1 and (he iuilU|UC Ciwiun fortress, net forth, 
some on stccils, hoiiic in rhius, mid (lie infantry in hIiiw m;irc)i, 
forming a dewc lilc of war. Ann'Mre*,- for instance, und 
Artaphrcncn, and McgulNiycs, and AsttL"]>n(, leaders of the 
l'crwuw, kingw, wibaltcrna of llic great king, unecd their way, 
inspectors of llic grunt host, both those Hint conquer with tho 
bow, and mounted upon steeds, fearful to look uiwii, 1 and 
terrible, in light, through their Men) determination of sjiirii, 
ArtenibnceH too, n-joieing in his charger, mill MiwLlres, und 
■tout Iiimiis that slays with tho bow, mid I'luirandaccs Mid Sos- 
thnnes, driver of steeds. And others Nile, the mighty stream 
ami nourishcr of many, t>ciit forth; Hiisiscnncs, rcgiistngon 
native of Egypt, und (he lord of racrcd iUrmphis niiglily 
Alanines, and Ariomardus ruler of luicient Thelies, anil tlio 
dwdkrn in the paw, skillful rower* of galley*, and in multi- 
tude beyond nil numbering. There follow* a crowd of J.yiliiius, 
delicate in their habits of life, and they that hold every nation 
native on the continent,' whom Mil brumal lies and valiant Are- 
leiM, insjicclor-princcs, and Sardis that teems with gold, send 
forth in many chariots, in ranks of double nilil treldu yokes,- 1 
a t>jiertaclc fearful to look iijioii. The borderers loo nn sacred 
Tniolua nro bent on casting the yoke of servitude iiniuud 
Hellas, Mardon, Thnryliits [twin] iiuvikof (hu spear, mid the 
SlynianH who launch llic javelin, liiihyton, loo, thnt teems 
with gold, Bcndtt forth Iter mingled multitude in long array, 

I from ■Aniorojfi'ic, lirr.iunp llic 
lie in belli raw*. Jrlf. (ik. Cr. $ 

6CC, 3, *at> "patZrt ari\ia, llic shout ivaa ' tip!//! ;'" romjiaring lliir. 

Hiifi "»", lirrro* 'Afirrfur, lliil tlifl pwiagdi nro nut ikuuUVJ*. Tlio 

tower of frtZi u well illu.tmto.l by Stanley. 

■ EcboUuawu maou.cr royal reaiJcucc. CI" Hr-rudoi. I. 08 ; Curtim, 

T. •. l. 

* Sirbrlu (p. 43, 4) will oiilirlnin tlio re.-ulrr with nunir fircii-™ 
ctyntotogin of mr of these Persian names. At nil events, .Encrijliu 
w'mM in* »ery particular alwul their orthoyriipliy nr iiidmiIy. 

* Dlouiuckl olwrrn from Hcrodot. Emto CXII. that tin* was no more 
iku (be truth. 

• Ttua u Blomliclil'i interpretation, who numKWci tlio Ionian* to 1» 
•Vaiputcil by tliia cirruni Incut ion, hut Dimlorf approtca tbo correction 
at SrkoU. omiuinj roiV. whI writing oi r\ 

• i. c with four or «ix lionca. 




] 

Apollo, dun Tor himself, bringing to a 

cienl iiultfcrctinH of Lulus. 
Cii. Ami what new event in bapnenintt to our dtyl 
Mks. Three men have mllon by hands tint dealt i 

slaughter. 1 — 

C.i. Who! matbUUwunayoetl I am distracted with 

terror at thy tidings, 
Mks. Now be calm and Ibton, tbo nea of Oidlpo*— 
Cir. Alna for me wretched) . I am a prophetess, of b 



Mks. Stretched In tho duet am they beyond all 

Cii. Come the/ orcn to that? Utter than an thy t 
yvt rpcnk them. 

Mtt Even thus [too nirely] ware they destroyed by broth- 
erly llftll Jn. 

Cji. Even thus wn» tin demon at once Impartial to 
both. 

Mm. And lie himself, be sure of this, b cutting off the 1U- 

flltl'll nice. 

. Over Pitch events one may both rejoico and i 



[rejoice] at the nicccM of our city— l«t [mourn becauao? 
our prince*, the two gcucmls, havo portioned out the whole 
uotacwion of their subslnnco with tha luunnicr-wrougbt Scyth- 
ian Btccl, and they will pawceB of land just as much aa they re- 
ceive nt their burial, curried off according to the unhappy im- 
[iivciiiion.i of their sire. 

Mks. Tin; oily is rescued, but earth linlh drank tha blood 
of the brother princes through their slaughter of each other. 
[Kat Mknhknokh. 1 

Cic. Oh mighty Jovol nnd tulcliiry divinities of our cityl 

1 Tl.<l CM 

Eirturc firit, 
mry IV. e 

Tliin tliou would'it say — Your son did tints nnd thus [ 
Yum brother, lliun ; so fought lliu iioMo Douglas; 
Stopiiino my greedy cot with their bold deeds ; 
But in the end, to «ii>|) mine ear iiulend, 
Tliou lioul a sigh to blow sway thin prninc. 
Ending with—brother, ion, and all aro dead. — Oui Tssmsl. 
' Thin is i pood cxamjde of the figure ehi.imiu», the farce of which I 
have expressed by the bracketed word* repeated from the two infinities. 
See Latin examples in the notes of Amtxenius on Mamortin. Genets. 8, 
p. S7 ; Pang. Veil. I. i. 
1 The Messenger retires to dma for the Herald's part. 
Horace'a rule, "Nee- quarts loqul persons Isborct," seems to have 



60 THE SEVEN [SSl-flGO. 

y« that do in very deed protect these towers of Cadmus, nra I 
to rejoice ami mine n joyous hymn to tlio savior of our city, 
the a verier of mischief, or shall I bewail the miserable nnd 
•ill-fiitcd childless 1 commanders, who, in very truth, correctly, 
according" to tlicir ihbiv full of nincitr, Imro perished in im- 
pious purpose? Oli 'lark nnd filial curso of the race nnd of 
CKdiptu, what horrible chill b this that is fulling upon my 
heart!* I, liko n Thyiad, Imvo framed n dirge for tlic tomb, 
bearing of lite dead, dabbled in blood, that perished haplessly 
— verily this meeting of rpcnra wu ill-omened. The imprc- 
cation of tltc fnllier both taken full edict, nnd linlU not fai led : 
nnd llic unl>clicving schemes of Jjiius linvo lasted even until 
now( nnd care is through our city, nnd tbo divine declara- 
tions law not their edge — Ala*! worthy of many a sigh, yo 
have accomplished this horror surpassing ereilenco; nnd lam- 
enlalila sutlcring* luivc conic indeed. This is self-evident, the 
tale of the messenger is before my eyes- -Double arc our sor- 
rows, double arc the horrors of them that have fallen by mu- 
tual slaughter; doubly shared are these consummated suffer- 
ings. What shall I say? What, liut that of ncertainty trou- 
bles on troubles arc constant inmates of t bin house! But, my 
friends, ply the speeding stroke of your hands nliout your head*, 
before the gnlc of sighs, which ever wafts on its passage (ho 
bnrk, on which no sighs arc heard, with sable sails, the freighted 
with tlic dead, untrodden for Ajmllo, the sunless, across Ache- 
ron, and to tho invisible all-receiving shore. 4 

Inn drawn from the practice of the firrek *ia«e. Only three- actors 
wen allowed lo cacti of die com pel iLor-drant.i lists, and llirso were anign- 
ad lo them by Int. (Hrsychiun, Si/ii/nit i-w,UTuv.) Tliui, for instance, 
as is remarked 1>J a writer in tlic (Juartrrly Itrvicw, in tlio CEtlipu* at 
Colon ui, ». 609, lament goes lo alter soerincc, and, after about forty 
lines, returns in (lie character of Tliesrui. Soon afterward, v. 817, 
Antigone >■ rarrird o(T by Crron's alien. Junta, nnd returns ax Theseus 
after about the tamo interval aa before. — Oi.ii Tiunsi.*tjo>i. Tho trail i- 



Pbifti 717, sqq. Hut oilier author* menl 
■ Another pun on IWi-incgr. 

* C£ Romeo and Juliet, Art 4, ae. 3 : 

" I hate a faint cold fear Ihrilla through my veins." 

* This passage is confessedly corrupt. Paler seems to have riglitly 
I— l o s e j ioreistv from the lioro/.ov Orupiia in Kotwrtelli's edition. This 
■hip, as b*) remsikf, would truly bo uoroJ.or, in oppoailion to the one 
•am W Delphi, which wu properly said eri).).tc0ai 111 Sruelav. Tbo 



CIS— 613] AGAINST THEBES. 51 

Such in good sooth is the friendship of llio divinities: wc or© 
on tin; side of llio victor*, but they on that of the conquered, 
if tit least Jove U> mightier hi kittle thnn Typlion. Where- 
fore 'ii.« proluibli) (hat ilic combniuuM will fiiro accordingly ; 
iinil li> 1 lypcrbins, in necorxlnnec. willi his blazonry, may jovo 
licit is on bin shield become ii savior. 

C'n. I fill rairiluVnL (luil lie who hnih iijton his shield tlio 
adversary of Jove, the hateful form of the subterranean lieml, 
il semblance, hateful IniiIi to mortals mid the overliving poets, 
will hiivc to leave liis head before our gates, 

JIi:s. May such be Hie issue I liul, furthermore, I mention 
the lilib, marshaled nt the lilib gale, (hut of lloreas, by the 
very tomb of .love-born Ainphion. And bo makes with by 
Ihe spear 1 which bo grasps, during to revero it more (linn n 
god,, mid mora dearly than his eyes, 2 (tint verily he will mnke 
havoe of (he city of the Cndinn-nus In spite of .love : thus says 
the fair-faced scion of a mountain-dwelling mother, n stripling 
hero, mill tbc down is just making its way througli his cheeks, 
in the spring of'iLi prime, thick sprouting hair. Ami he I tikes 
hi.* post, having a ruthless spirit, not answering to bis maid- 
enly name, 3 and n ravage aspect. Yet not without his vaunt 
does he (akc stand against our gates, for on bis brazen-forged, 
shield the rounded bulwark of bis body, he was wielding the 
reproach of our city, tbo Sphinx of ruthless mnw nftixed by 
means of studs, a gleaming embossed form} mid under her 
she holds n man, ono of the Cudma'uua, so Unit against this 

miv. Din Jorf would omit all tlic following lines. There ii seme dim- 
cully alioul ll.o tense of s/wapiJ.nn, wliii li 1 think Pauw Iwsl explains u 
iiifimiiij,' •■ such U Ilic (jml iIiaL re* pec lively befriends each of these 

1 t.'f. A[»llun. RIiikI. I. 4G0, 'Iffrti i-Sr ili/m Qovpnv, irp ircfKueiov 
lix/.uv Kii'of ill XTtAtpriiaiv utipoftat, oiiM fi' oc-t'iAii ZtOf rwnni, 
i.nm,Tt,W irrp ,>',i> tV.pv. Siatim Tlifb ii. G49— "odc« o milii dcitcra 
lantum Tu pin-sens Ucllis, et ineviiabiic mimen, To voco, to solam sup#- 
ruin rnntcmiHor mloro." Sco Cerda on Vug. iEn. X. 773. 

1 So Catullus, iii. 4, S. 

PaMfcc. dclicim mem pucllc, 
Qucm plus ilia oculis mil amabat. 

Anil Vatliek. p. 131 (of the English version), " Nouronihar loved her 
eoimin more than her own oeauiifut cjci."— Olo Tsansl«To». So* 
Valckcn. on TlieocriL ii. 63. 

1 A pun upon ihe word irapfltvoc in tbo composition of Psslhanopaiu's] 



71 THE PERSIANS. [190—281 

lie yoke* them beneath his enr, and places ft collar on tlieir 
necks. And the one towered loftily in those trappings, and 
had » tmctnhte mouth in the reins: liut tho oilier kept 
plunging, and tears in [acre* with her hand* tlic harness of 
Hie ear, and whirl* it violently along without tho hit, and 
Mlftpft the yoke in the middle: and my Nil falls, nod his fire 
Darius stand* beside, him, commie-ruling him ; and when 
Xerxes sees him, he rends his robes about his perron. These 
things, indeed, I say Hint I beheld last night, lhit when 
I had arisen, nml had touched with my hands it fair-streaming 
Coon tain,' I stood by the aliar, wishing to ofler a suerilk'iul 
cake to tl»e divinities that avert evil, to whom these rites be- 
long. And I behold an eagle fleeing to the altar of l'ho'bus; 
and front terror I siood speechless, my friends, ami afterward 
I sec a falcon speeding onward "a his course with his pinions, 
and tearing his head Willi his talons And the eagle did 
nought hut cower down and yield his lwdy. These sights arc 
terrible for mc to behold, and for yon to lieur. For he ye- well 
assured, my son, were he successful, would 1* a man worthy 
of admiration, and though lie fail, lie is not liable to be called 
to account by the state ; hut if he escnpe, will equally be sov- 
ereign of this realm. 3 

Cm. We wish not, O mother, cither to terrify loo much 
by our words, or to cheer thee; hut do thou, if thou hast 
Men aught disastrous, approach the gods with supplications, 
and implore of them to grant it may be averted, hut that 
what is favorable may be accomplished for thyself, and for 
thy children, and for the rity, and for all thy friends. And 
in the second place it is proper that thou pour liluttions both 
to the earth and to tho departed. And penlly make Iliy pray- 
er that thy husband Darius, whom thou sayest thou didst 
■ ans by night, would send good things for thee and fur thy 



1 This wutha custom after an ill-oincncd ilrrnm. W.itlilng. either of 
Um bud* or the whole body, wiu tho Jlrxt net 011 rininif, which n fol- 
lowed 17 lbs offering of • ullnt enkr, wine, nml iim-imc. Cf Tiliull 
I. 4. 9— III. «, » ; Ann). Mel- ?t 1. p I-'iT, ed. Klin, 1 I'hmus Amah. II. 
S; Mil. Clor. II. 4; Martini. .VI 60 ( Supton. Cialba, 4 X VIII. ; ISiliu. 
lUl. Pub. VIII. 133. «|n. i Vairr. Klnrc. V. 33fl, nqn Sco oW sn «s- 
^uioilr buriesque oflho cimlom in Arial»]>h. Itan. I3;W. uni). 

> I cmn not rtluo ihii pauago u it standi, anil think soiuo lines ban 



678— 810.] AGAINST THEBES. 53 

hut, reproachfully dividing iiis name [into Bylhible*, 1 ] lie cull* 
to liiui; and through his nioulli lio given utlemnce tu this 
s|>ceeh — "Verily fiii-h 11 deed is well-pli'iuting to llio gtxbs mid 
glorioiu (o hear of mid to It'll ill after limes, that you are mak- 
ing havoc of i-our jmli'iiinl city, luid its native god*, having 
brought into it u foreign armnmonl. And wlint .Juetico nludl 
sciimch the fountain of tliy mother's tatraf And how enn 
thy tiithcr-hind, ul'tiT having taru tiikcii by tlio 6)>ciir through 
thy means, ever bo 1111 oily to thee? J, fur my |wirt, in very 
Until el mil IhlU'ii thin noil, «eer tin J inn, buried beneath a hoe- 
lilo enrlh. Ja-1 114 lo the Uitlli', 1 look not for n dishonorable 
full." Thus i*]iake tlio hit, wii'Uling n fnir-orbed shield, all 
of brass; but no device was on its circle— for ho wishes not 
In seem Iml In lie righteous, reaping fruit from n deep furrow 
in bin iniiiil, fi'om which Kjiroul forth hut goodly coiuihcJb. 
Against tills* champion I advise that thiiu wild antagonisis, 
linili wise imd good. A dread adversary in lie that reveres 

Ivr. Alas! for llic nincn' I lint nnsocii.lMi n rigtilcous ninn 
with tin' ini]iioiifl! Indeed in every mutter, nothing in worn 
llinn evil fellowship — tlio field of infatuation lias dentil fur 
itx frails. :l J-'or whether it bo Hint n pious 11 mn luith em- 
lunkeil in n vessel along Willi violent sailor*, ami somo vil- 
lainy, he perishes with the nice of men iihliorrud of heaven ; 
or, In-ill" righteous, 1111.I having rightly fallen into tlio Mime 
Kiils with his countrymen, violator* of hospitality, uml uu- 
mindful of tlie gods, he is tauten down, smitleu with llio 
woiirge of llio deity, which falls alike on all. Now this oecr, 
1 mean the koii of Oieleus, n moderate, just, good, and pious 

of lln- c 
131. 1). 



DM,1.™ 


first 


pmpm 


,.1 Wmxopw 


in Troml. Append, p. 






. tlial U'Milil,.. <lr:ill. 


wan riumhI "ptr aut- 




) < 




liiiil either nulliorily lur llic lacl, or 






,-. and I 


liavc then-b 


re luilowcil IJloiiifirld. 


hl;ilitin [ 


U'. « 


not UIKl 

111,1 lll.ll 


rntaiiJ. The 
U all. 


oplanalidiis of ijuir- 






f.'r. PaW in 


jrnimisly remark! that' 


licro uocd 








tHrnliug and rtprauk- 






limn. 0311. tulrytfuf i 


•I'ufia lltiMiiinil irurr/fi 




van 


LUV iltu 


""!"»■■ 




(1 all the 


*ub 


•cnuenl 


rdilori lin*e 1 


ir.irkrleil llila Terms a* 


lie c!.;<-i' 


,,,, 


ctlun to 


thin K»M ul 


' Kapni\mOa% »ccm» to 






74 THE PERSIANS. «U— S7B.] 

Cu. So [well do they], that (hey destroyed a largo and 
goodly army of Darius. 

At. Truly thou tcllcM of "lint is dreadful for the parents 
of time who arc gone to think upon. 

Cu. Hut, ns it nccnn to nic, tliou shall won know the whole 
troth ; lor the running of thin nutn wc may plainly perceive to 
bo (Iwtf of a Persian ; and lie is bringing some clear tidings of 
good or ill for ua to hear. 

Kulcr J I essence a. 

O ye cities of the whole land of Asia 1 O realm of Persia, 
and mighty haven of opulence, how huth the ample weal been 
demolished by a single stroke, and the flower of 'the Persians 
is fallen and pone. Woe's me, 'tis an ill office to bo the first 
messenger of ill, but yet it is necessary to unfold the whole of 
the disaster of the Persian*, fur 'Jl the nruiy uf the barbarians 
bath perished. 

Cu. Dismal, dismal, strange evils, and adverse nlnn 1 
Drench yourselves in tears, ye Persians, hearing of this sor- 

Mras. How has all that nrmnnirnt pone to niin ! Hut I my- 
self, beyond my hope, behold the day of my return. 

Cn. Verily this life of ours appears too long protracted to 
tu aged men, that wc should hear of this unlooked-for calam- 
ity. 

Mess. And in very deed I, being on the spot, and not having 
heard reports from others,' con tell how great ills have been 
dealt out to the Persians. 

Cu. Wool wocl in vain did the multitude of shafts of 
every kind go from the land of Asia, against a hostile land, the- 
realm of Hellas. 

Hess. The shores of Salnmis, and all tiie adjoining region, 
are full of the corpses of those who miserably perished. 

Cu. Wool we* I thou tellesl us that the .lead oodles of our 
friends, tossed on the billow, oft immersed, are borne along on 
the twice-changing surface of the tide. 1 

i Mess. Yes, for our bows availed us nought, and our whole 
boat perished, beaten down by the collision of the beaks of the 

Cu. Shriek forth a doleful outer}-, full of woe to tho 

• cr. sopt an. c. 6. 

'TafabBtoarfcU-tintcrprrtaliun. .See uilirra in Palej's ».*«. 



MO-313.) THE PERSIANS. 76 

wretched Ffcrri.-nwj Tor ill did tlicy succeed in nil things, olasl 
wh.n ihcir host was destroyed. 

Mi:w". Onnmcof SalntiiitsmoKt hnleful to our core. Ainu I 
how I Hgh when I remember Alliens. 

(."ii. Hateful i* Alliens to us miserable: wc have to rc- 
memlh.T, in sooth, liuw ninny of tltc IVn-ian matrons it hoa 
made widows mill bereft of their husbands to no g»in of 

At. I, wretched, have for A long time kept silence, utterly 
iifiiniitKl.il hy llic evils: for this calami ly in too great for mo 
to sneak, nr lii inquire nlwul our sit lie rings. Neverlhelet*, 
ii id ncce.-saiy for mortals lo endure nil lie! ions when the gods 
ii wan I llii'iu : nnd ilo thmi compose thyself anil lell us, unfold- 
ing tin- whole of our puttering, even though tliou si ghost over 
the evils; who is there ihat hath not fallen ? and whom of 
thi! lemleni of I lie host shall wo bewail, who, having been njx 
[minted to a sceptred ollicc, by Ills dculh left his lilo desolnto 
witiioul llieir chief i 

llos. Xerxes Uimwlf live?, and beholds the light. 

At. Thou tolled mo of n great light to my house, anil a 
bright -dawning day after a night wrapped in gloom, 

ihvs. idii Arlemlinrep, lender of u myriad of horse, is dash- 
ed against the rugged shores of Silcnia'. 1 Anil Dadaccs the 
ehiliaroh, Ix-ncnlli the Mroko of the spenr, bounded n light 
leap mil of hiit vessel. Teimgon loo, the true-born chieftain* 
i.f the lluctrians, haimls ilic sen-beat isle of Ajax. UUew, and 
Arximiex, and Argcstes third, overcome, keen hutting nguinst 
tin; hard shore around the dove-breeding We. Areieus, loo, 
that dwelt near the sources of Egyptian Nile, Adeucs, and 
] 'hfivsseucs the third, I'hamuchiis, thews fell from one vessel. 
Manillas uf Chrysa, commander of a myriad, leader of a body 
of thirty thousand black cavalry, in his death, tinged his bright 
auburn, bushy, thick, shadowy beard, changing its color with 
a slain of purple. 4 And Arabus the Mage, and Artcmcs tho 

1 oYraiiHC tho victory was lost. See Schutz. 

■ I Pillow, with Dinilarf, liloiiitield'y elegant emendation, iptortif for 



ft THE PERSIANS. [$10— 353 

Bactrim, a settler on tin rugged land, perished there. Ames- 
tris, ami Amnhistrcu* who wielded a spenr that did great ex- 
ecution, and bravo Ariomardus 1 occasioning grief to Sartlis, 
ami Sesames, the M)-sinn ; Tharybis, too, commander of fivo 
limes fifty ships, of LjmtciuL rncc, a hero of fair form, lies 
wretched, having died \<y no menns liappily. And Sycnnesis, 
foremost in gallantry, governor of the Cilicians, that with his 
single arm occasioned much trouble to tlio foe, fell gloriously. 
Of such of our leaden linvo I now mndc mention ; and I re- 
port a few of iho many evils (lint liavc befallen ux. 

At. Alaal Alas! I hear these supremo of horrons both 
a disgrace to tlio rcrs'ians, and a subject for shrill flmek- 
ings. Hut turn bnck again and tell mc thin, how great wan 
tho number of the ships of the Greeks, that they ventured 
to join buttle with tho l'crsior armuuicut in the encounter of 

TOMb! 

Mess. So far as numbers aro concerned, bo well Assured 
tlioi the barbarians hail tho ndvnntngc with their ships: for 
tho whole number of those of tho Greeks amounted to ten 
squadrons of thirty, and besides these there were ten of sur- 
ponring excellence.' Hut Xerxes, for I know this also, had a 
thousand, the nmulier of those which he led : and those which 
exceeded in swiftncHS were two hundred and seven : thus runs 
report. Do we seem to you to have been inferior in light in 
this respect t J Hut 'twas somo divinity that thus depressed 
the balance with a counlcqwisc of fortune. 

At. Tlio gods preserve tho city of tho goddess Pallas.' 

AIess. The city indeed of Athens is still not laid waste, for 
while there are men there is a suro bulwark. 

At. And what was tho commencement of the encounter of 
the ships! Tell us ; who begnn tho fight, was it tho Greeks, 
or my son, elated by tlio multitude of his ships! 

ilEss. It was some fiend, lady, or evil spirit appearing from 

1 The reader mint consult the coin men latum, u many of these nunc* 
are corrupt, and rioUto the metro. 

■ Sea Blomneld. 

1 Tjc* not) debet cum ftaxv conjiingi, led iconim •umplum Terli, Aae 
*m parte, i. t. quod ad numcrum uiiinct. — Hcwh, 

1 So Kndorf. Out dilfrrcnt Sfmnitemeiita c( ihi-.r linn have been 
propoacd. The btat il Palry's, who rend* If i,f 'A0i,i«i'. k. t. \. iviih 
Komntelli, sad Meitfiui it to Atom, pvinjr ilip neit line to tlio Mrnengrr. 
At p e—tt , UmJ fully justify the 



.] THE PERSIANS. 77 

some quarter or other tlint began nil ilio mischief. For a 
Crook that )iml come from the host of the Athenian*,' told 
tiiy son Xerses this, tbnl, when the gloom of mnrky night 
should route, the Greeks would not remain, but, springing on 

the benches of their vessels, would severally, in diflcrcnt direc- 
tions, save tlieir lives l>y stealthy Might. And lie, as soon ns 
he heard it, not nwnro of tho stratagem of tlio Greet, nor of 
Ilio jealousy of tho gods, publishes this onlcr to nil his cap- 
tains, iliiit when tho Mm should luivc censed to illumine tho 
earth with his rnys, and darkness tenant tho tomplo of tlio 
firmament, they should draw up tho squadron of tlio ship* in 
threo lines, to guard the outlets, and tho murmuring passes of 
(he sea, and other* in a circle around tho islo of Ajax ; so that 
if [lie Greek* should elude fatal destruction, by discovering 
any escape for their ships by stealth, it was decreed that they 
all should lie deprived of their heads. To this effect he spnko 
from a frantic spirit; for ho knew not that which was preor- 
dained of the gods. And they, without disorder, and with 
ntnilicnt mind, both provided supper for themselves, and tho 
mariner lashed his oar to the well-fitted rowlock. And when 
the lighl of tho sun had waned, and night had coma on, every 
man master of an oar went on board his ship, and every one 
that had sway over nrms; and one lino of ships of war cheer- 
ed on another line, and they make sail as each had been ap- 
pointed, anil all the live-long night tho commanders of tho 
hhips were keeping the whole naval host occupied in sailing 
about. And night withdrew, and the force of ilio Greeks by 
no means made a stealthy escape in any direction. Uut when 
Day, drawn by while, steeds, bad occupied the whole earth, 
of radiance beautiful to behold, first of all n shout from tho 
Greeks greeted Echo like a song, and Echo from the island- 
rock at the same instant shouted forth an inspiring cry ; nnd 
terror fell on all the barbarians, balked of their purpose; for 
not as in flight were the Greeks then ehaunthig the solemn 
pa-an, Imt speeding on to the fight with gallant daring of soul. 
And the trumpet, with its clang, inflamed their whole line; 
nad forthwith, with the collision of the dashing oar, lit tho 
word of command tliey smote tho roaring brine. And quickly 

1 Sicinui. Cf. HcroJot VIII. 76, and ko Justin, II. IS 



78 THE PERSIANS. [300-438. 

were they conspicuous to view. The right wing, well marriiul- 
cd, led on foremost in good order; and secondly, tlicir wholo 
force was coming forth against us, and wo conld ill (ho same 
time hear a mighty shunt : sons of tub gkbeks 1 ox I IJ.'KB 

IOITH COfXTHY, AXU *KEK YOUK Cllll-DUKX, VOIR WIYK9, 
T1IE ABODES TOO OP THE GODS OF YOUli FATHKItS, AMI T1IK 
TUKUB OF YOUK AKCK8TOHS; SOW IS Tim CONFLICT >'OH 

tiiem all I And tooth to say, a murmur of the l'ersinn 
tongue met them from our line, and no longer was it the 
moment to delay, but forthwith ship dashed her brazen 
prow at ship. And a Grecian vessel commenced the en- 
gMgorocnt, and breaks off the wholo of the figure-head of h 
Itncnician ship: and each couuuunder severally directed his 
bark agoiust another of the enemy's. At first, indeed, tho 
toTTcnt of the Persian nrmnn< .nit- bore up nguinst tlicin : l.ut 
when the multitude of our ships were crowded in tho 
•trait, and no assistance could ho given lo one iiuulUr, but 
they were struck by their own brazen talks, mid were muii'li- 
ing Uuir entire equipment of ours, mid the Grecian vcm-ls, 
not without science, were smiting tliein in n circle on nil sides, 
and the hulls of our vessels were upturned, and the Fen was 
no longer to behold, tilled as it was with wrecks mid tho 
slaughter of men. Tho shores, loo, and the nipped rock* 
were filled will) tho dead ; und every ship, as ninny ns ever 
there were of tho barbaric armament, wus rowed in (light 
without order. But the Greeks kept striking, bucking us us 
it were tunnies, or any draught of lichen, with fragments of 
oars, and Splinters of wrecks; und wailing filled the ocean 
brine with shrieks, until the eye of murky night n moved it. 
But for tho multitude of our woes — no, not if I should recite 
them in order for ten days, could 1 complete the laic tin* thee. 
For be thou well Assured of tins, that there never tell in a 
•ingle day a multitude of men of such numlier. 

At. Alasl alasl a mighty ocean of ills has, in truth, 
burst upon both the l'crsiuns nnd the entire rnco of tho bar- 
barians. 

Hess. Bo now well assured of this, that the evil hath not 
yet reached its half. Such u visitation of ills hath come upon 
ibcm, as to overbalance tlicsc even twice over. 

At. And what event can have befallen that is yet moro 



430—473] THE PERSIANS. 79 

tuneful thnn thist Say what misfortune this Is which, thou 
surest, hutli further come upon tlio host, verging lo greater 

Me**, As many of the I'ersinna as were in the very bloont 
of lift', most valiant in their spirit, mid distinguished by their 
lii-'h birth, and were ever foremost in faithfulness lo our 
monarch himself, have fallen foully hy n most inglorious 

At. Ainu I the wretch that I am, my friends, hy this evil 
Imp, Ami hy wluit kind of doom sayest thou th»t thou of 
whom thou speakest jwrishcil T 

Mkss. There is a certain island lying on" the shores of Sala- 
mi-, small, a dangerous station for ships, which l'an, who de- 
lights in the dance, haunts on its beach. Thither [Xerxes] 
semis these men, in order that, when the focmeii wandering 
out of their slii|>s should make their escnpo to the island, they 
might slay the soldiery of the Creeks, an easy prey, and res- 
cue, their comrades from the streams of the sea, ill knowing 
of lliu future ; for when God gave [lie glory of tlio naval baltlo 
to [lie Creeks, on that very day having forlilicd their bodies 
in their armor well-wrought of brass, they leaped out of their 
vessels, and e n con i| Kissed the whole island around, so that they 
were at a loss whither they should betake themselves i for 
often were they smitten by stones from their hands, and or-' 
rows falling on them from the bow-string destroyed them. 
And at hist, having charged them with ono onslaught, they 
smite, tliey hew in nieces the limbs of the wretches, until they 
had utterly destroyed the life of all of them. And Xcrxca 
shrieked aloud when he saw the depth of his calamities; for 
he had a scat that afforded a clear prospect 1 of tlio wholo 
armament, a high hill near the ocean brine; and having rent 
his clothes, and uttered a shrill wail, aAer issuing orders quick- 
ly to tlio hind forces, he dismisses them in disorderly (light. 
Such a misfortune is it thine to wail over, in addition to the 
aforementioned. 

At. hateful demon 1 How hast thou then deluded tlio 
Persians in their hones, ltut bitter did my sou lind the venge- 

' Hrmntrrhuiii in prolmlilv right in rc.iiiinc n'ni>;%, which Hrtycliiuft, 
a* quote) hy Slangy, confirm. : fi-nyi(-iviirrT<ii: 1'aU-y ihinka tint airf 
in only ufyi), onJ (list Ilia common reading may therefore bo defendou. 



M THE PERSIANS. [474— MB. 

ante of renowned Athens, nnd those of the barbarians whom 
Marathon formerly destroyed, snlliccd not, for whom my son, 
thinking lo exnet atonement, drew 1 upon himself so great a 
muliiludc of sufferings, lint sny thou — those of the ships 
which escaped (lest rurt i<in— where didst thou k'nvo them t 
luKnrcst tliou so as lo tell dourly 1 

Mess. Thu commanders of tlio ships, indeed, which were 
left, tumultnously tnko lo flight before llio wind, not in good 
order. Hut tho residue of the forces perished lioili in tho land 
of tlie- I fcrotim is — soiuo nruttnd the fountain spring MiflVring 
from thirst, awl sonic' of tis exhausted by punting, pass, on 
thence into tho territory of tlie l'hoeinns, nnd tho livtul of 
Doris, nnd tho nldiun buy, where Spvrehcius waters tho plain 
with kindly stream ; nnd llicnc* tho soil of tho Aehninn hind, 
ami the city of the Thcvsulinns received us, straitened for want 
of food: here, indeed, n great ninny perched both from thirst 
ami hunger; for both these evils befell us. We enme also into 
the hind of Magnesia, nnd the country of the Macedonians, lo 
tho ford of (ho Axius, nnd tho fenny reed of ltolbc, nnd to 
mount Panga-us, Kd onion land. And in this night God called 
up winter out of his season,* nnd congeals the whole st renin of 
-.the sacred Strymon. And one that had n foretime believed 
not in tlie gods, then made pmycr in orisons, doing reverence 
to earth and heaven. 1 And nflcr that the host hod censed 
from offering their ninny invocations, it makes its passngo 
across the ice-bound strewn. And whosoever of us lind sped 
oar way before the rnjsof llic god had been shcil abroad, hath 
escaped ; for tho bright orh of the sun hlnxing with his licnnis, 
penetrated through the middle of the stream, warming it with 
it* blaze. They fell, too, one upon another ; nnd happy, in 
sooth, wus nny lluit most speedily broke oil' the breath of life. 
And as many as survived und attaiucd to safety, having with 

' See mi capital iliuatretion* in Dove*, p. 14. 

■ On the tpodo.i. of the panicles of tbeie lines, ire Dindorf. 

• The battle of Salami. *a* foiicJn on the 20ih of Cviolier, .180 B.C. 
■ • Boyw ■ppoaite'y quotes U'dMtsr'i M'cdwanl Ho, Art 4, «c. 1, " I 
think I alull pny more, what for fear of llio wiilrr. ami my c-hhI ■ucri-M, 
Uua I did Ibis twelvemonth." And Hudibras, Part 111. e. 3, litis 



<; 



.< • i i u- 11 1 1 ii « ui 1 1 . i- 

C ... O «i- ;..■ :,. \.:.Y i I»> >:n. _'_.■■ wi:l. 
I.. ,'.v :...-; i;.. .i v. ;;.i t'..y »t •. t i« ..;■■. d i-n 
i.ii '. 

A;. A!..-! ui'i'iivh', :l.;ii I ;.:n \W i-ur 

i,,: i.i;. ~\ : .i ..ii ■ : i an of iiiV \i>u»n.H til* tlio ni 

i » • 

didst 1 1 ii • ii discover the horrors to mo. At 
ye interpret those things. J»ut notwithst: 
spocoh Kind ion* this, 1 would lain lii>t of all 
to tin* gods ; thou will I come, after fctchin 
in-;- a sacrificial cake, offerings both for cart 
parted : over tiling past [recall] 1 well kno 
J] that something more auspicious will I k' fa II h 

i; lichoovcs you to communicate faithful count* 1 

].' fill, touching what has* taken place; and lorn 

Ii hither before mo, soothe ye him, and escort hii 

: ing, lest even a farther ill bo added over and al 

cut ill*. 3 [ 

Cn. O sovereign Jove I now hast thou dost 
ment of the high-vaunting and numerous I'er 
hast veiled in gloomy grief the city of Susa ni 
and many virgins, rending their veils with theii 
sharing in the sorrow, drench their bosoms w 
of tears. Our l'ersian matrons too, in execi 
longing for the sight of the recent wedlock of 
and having nlmndoncd their couches' coven 
tajtestry, the delight of their delicate youth, tl 
most insatiate sighs. And I, for mv »vn* l 
my them*'" 1 f1, — * 



S3 THE PERSIANS. [S60-W4. 

moans. For Xerxes led forth, gods I And Xerxes lout, well- 
a-day! Xerxes managed all things hollowly in his ocean- 
barks. Oli! why was not Darius ul tlmt time in command, 
so wife m master of tltc bow lo the cilbwns, beloved sovereign 
of SusaT The ships, nil winged nlikc nnd with dmk-stnined 
beaks, enrricd forth both our laud forces and our murines, O 
godsl and ships destroyed them, nhl wcll-a-duy! the shins 
with the deadly onslaughts of their beaks, nnd through llio 
bands of the Ionian*, us we bear, the king barely imule lib 
escape to the champaign and chilly tracts of Tliriicc. They 
tlsercfbro, indeed, first met their doom, nlus! left by necessity, 
ah! around the shores of Cycliroiu, 1 woe's me! they have been 
drenched by tlto billows. 1 Moan, and gnash the teeth, and 
raise aloud tho cry of sorrow ; laments that shall reach the 
heavens, woe's mo I and lengthen out the dismally-sounding 
•bout, tho piteous cry. And torn divadfully by the sea, alas I 
tbey are lacerated by the dumb children, alnsl of the unpol- 
luted [deep}, woe's me 1 And the dwelling mourns its lord, lie- 
reft of him, and parents Hint uro left chi lilies-, woe's me I ad- 
vanced in age, wailing the enlamities sent on them by the di- 
vinities, now hear tho whole of their sorrow. And they in 
tooth throughout the hmd of Asia, no longer own the Persian 
•way, nor any longer pay llicir tribute under constraint imposed 
by their sovereign, nor prostrating themselves on the ground 
will they hold tjiemselves in sulijcetion : for tho might of our 
monarch bath utterly perished. And no longer is the tongue 
of mortals held in check: tor the people have I mm set ut lib- 
erty lo speak Uicir mind freely, since the yoke of strength hnlh 
been loosened. And the sea-washed isle of Ajax, with its soil 
stained with gore, holds the [bodies] of tho remans. 

Re-enter Atossa, 
My friends, whosoever is experienced in evils knows that 
when a sca-surgo of troubles comes upon mortals, they nro 
wont to dread nil things: but when fortune glides smoothlr, to 
loci confident that the same divinity will constantly propel their 
fortunes with a favorable breeze. For to me now all things 
are full of terror, and before my eyes appear the adverse dis- 4 

* A mm far SalnnuV 

* <H»**«t ass bssa rightly placed hero by Hermann, in, i<mJ of in *. 



605-640.] THE PERSIANS. B3 

ponwiiioiui of the gods ; and thcro is ringing in my enrs a strain 
not MKitliing ; such nn nmnxement in eonsMiuencc of these hor- 
rors senrea my hhiiI. Wherefore I have come this way from 
my house n second time, without either cur or my fanner 
]xini[>, brinjnii;; |iro[iiliutory driiik-ollcriiigs fur Clio sirs or my 
child, thing* which tire soothing elinrms to the dead ; Imtli, 
while milk, sweet for drink, from n lioly cow, nml the, distilln- 
lioti »f the nowvr-rtuHsnian, tmnspiirent honey, along with 
limpid (lrti]in of (i virgin fountain, 1 nml this intra liquid from 
its wilil mother, the. glory of nn ancient vino ; awl tho fragrant 
fruit of llu! juile-green olive, llutt ever flourishes ns to life in Its 
leaves, ia nt hum), nml wreathed flowers, children of tho iill- 
teciuing earth, itut, my friends, chuuiit ye Inys in necanlunco 
ivilh these filiations of the dead, nml will up the divine Darius, 
nml I will convey to tlio gods below theso honors that arc to 
be drank liy earth. 

(■Hi ltoynl (lame, venerable nmjesly of (he remans, do thou 
convey lil'Jiliun.i I" the chandlers U-m-ntli the eurlti, nml we, 
in nur lays, will implore the conductors of the tlcnd hcneiith 
the earth to he propitious. Come, yo lioly divinities below 
the enrth, both Kan I. nml Mercury, mid thou, monarch of tlio 
dead, send from hencntli the spirit into the light of day ; for 
if he knows nny remedy' of our ills, be iilime roukl tell tlio 
I ermi tuition mora lliun mortals. 3 Dues then ihcpodliko moii- 
nrr-h, of blessed memory, henr me ns I inter ilia nll-vtiried bar- 
baric clear plaintive dismal erics ( A loud outcry will I nuiko 
over our utterly wretched sorrows. Docs he then hear mo 
from 1 h' iionl h the earth ! Itut do thou, O Knrth, and yo other 
ruler* of the infernal regions, suffer the illustrious divinity, tlio 
(roil of the 1'crsitms, Iwrn in Susn, to \n»t from your dwellings, 
nml send him info upper air, tni'li nn one lis never hcretolora 
lVrsinn mould covered. Ay, dear was the man, and dear ia 
his sepulchre, for dear was tho character that it entombs. 

1 Sec my former note on lnntr.il ion * after dream*, anil nn tliemj ajipa- 
fili.m> ofllioilonil my rriuark* un Sopli. (1M. Gil. 999, Imlin'H rdkion. 
C(. Lumrirr ,le vn.Tuni (..-milium luMr.iioiiil.u., XXXVIII. p. 177, *,<,., 
nnd on the motion of apjieaaine them. iM. VII. p. 61. 

' I ran not ice why I'.iuw'n u.x't »houlil bare U-eu followed, iripac, 
in v. (l:i3, in an r]ie>i'i;riiu of limit- 

1 If CiT/rili' lliJlmvD iit'niir, it wilt lie nl variiuica with iW/wva Aojm'ns 
in v. fiSO. I hn*o tiicreforo united it w wUati at tho MlggNiua of Sir. 



M THE PERSIANS. [660-483. 

And thou, Aldonctis, tlmt dost send the sharks to this upper 
world, set at liberty, Aldoncus, Darius, nil kingly as he was, 
Ala* I 1 For iw nl no time lie wiu the destroyer of men by iho 
wasting cnliiiLiitiiB of witr, m ho wiih culled by his lYrsiiin* 
counselor divine; mid counselor divine lie >vhj, fur ho con- 
ducted tho host well. Lord,- imcient lord, conic, draw nigh, 
appear on the topmost peak 1 of the mound, mining the willhui- 
dyed muhIoI of tlty fool, tlispluying the crest of thy royal tiurn. 
Cocao forth, O Dnrius, author of no ill: IIonl> Show thy* 
•eH eorc ra gn lord,* that thou mayest hear the sorrows of our 
a w e rei gn, strange io their nature, and new. For some Styg- 
ian gloom U hovering over us; for nil* our youth have al- 
ready sunk in ruin. Come forth, O Dnrius, author of no ill: 
lloal mlasl alas I O thou thai didst die deeply deplored by 
thy friends! 7 king, kingl why should these redoubled 
mishaps pass throughout nil this thy laud? All tho thrcc- 
banked galleys of this our land huvo utterly perished, so ns to 
bo no longer galleys. 

The Ghost of Dakics rises. 

ye most trusty of the trustyl yo compeers of my youth, 
aged Persians, with wlmt trouhlo is our city troubled '1 
Um ground groans, is smitten tuid torn." And beholding 

1 Sm Blomfiekl sad Dindorf. Doth sense and contraction arc iloubt- 

M. 

■ Seo Dlomficld, who haa learnedly il hint ruled this Gneco-Plio-nidan 
war*. 

1 CI Eurip. Hoe. 37, i IloJ.tjr y/lp *i><f f*tfi Tt/ijm $airic Karietf 
'AJ-lWeif <nir BTjxiTtvf? 'EMvvmw. Ajc\\, Choc-ph. *, rr/ifjov & It 1 

* I fellow Bkmliehl iih! Pale*. &a,«tAo foul J never Iw correct. I 
Can not ctrariy understand what Dindorf'a opinion it, a» lio addurca Iho 
■nif authority (>ii Ariatoph. Kan. JUSc)). but eaya nothing about tbo 
roiling of tlin ]UMSf>e. 

* DinJurTa uunctuoilon rciiuir™ amendment. Rend uxi dio-rrora. 

■ See DinJorf 

* I have given tho beet arnso I run to tho toil, hut nntliinjr i* brre cor- 
lain Kit the uncertainty of tho nailinp. Am'; um in doubltfae corrupt, 
and DloBockl read* it' uiwor, which l.Lnwunl. Loi. p. «U, cijdnina thus : 
•W'kilO prince, i* thia double penally for error arming from folly con- 
cerning (or aueciing) thy land, even the whole of iby land '" Palcy'* 
i»i ■■! it ion oVnoruy iovdara ■ceina dfaervinjj of con ii deration, but tbs 
yH» M beyond any aatiafoctory undemanding. 

■ Or: "fMatSSM on tho ground, lie aighe," etc. 



684-718.] THE PERSIANa 85 

my rfiiiwrt hero near my sepulchre, I ntn in fair, I hnvo 
received soothing lilwiiiini*. Ami yo nro wiiilinj-, sUuidiiig 
near my sepulchre, niul hlioutiu^ shrill in cries tlmt evoko 
the shades, yo piteous!)' summon inc. Ami exit is no cosy 
matter, buih in nil other respects, and nlso inasmuch us tho 
gods ln'iittiili the (.touhJ arc bolter at receiving tluui nt letting 
go, Notwit list rinding, I having rulo among them, nni coiuc ; 
niul bo tliou (jiiirk, (lint I may nut bo wivun.il for ilia timo 
[of my absence]. Wlmt new heavy calamity hath ucfullcn 
tin' Persians'? 

Cm. I shrink in nwo from looking on tlicc, nnd I shrink in 
awe from sjKaking in thy presence, by reason of ray ancicut 
reverence for tlice. 

I) ati. ltut sinco persuaded liy thy groaning* I have como 
from Mow, in no wise niter a tedious lule, but concisely tell 
me. mid complete the whole, laying aside thine nwo fur mc 

Cn. 1 dread 1 to comply, and 1 drcuil to speak iu thy pres- 
ence, idling tiling hateful to tell to friend*. 

Dai;. Hut since tlio nuciciil drcntl of thy spirit in nn obsta- 
cle to thee, do thou, aged partner of my bit], high-tiorn dame, 
cense from these wailing* ami groans of thine, and pro mo a 
cleur account. Human calami ties will befall mankind. For 
many ills arise to mortals by sea, and many by land, if their 
moro lengthened life be far protracted. 

At. O thou who in thy prosperous lot didst excel all 
mortals, inasmuch as thou, so lung as thou didst behold tlio 
rays of the sun, an object of envy, didst lend a continued 
life of happiness as a god to the Persians ; now too do 1 envy 
thee dead, before thou didst witness this depth of ills. For 
in brief word* thou shall hear, Darin*, tlio whole talc. Id 
a word, the fortunes of tho l'ei-siuil* have been Utterly o'or- 
tlirown. 

Da ii. In what wayT como there any blast of pestilence, or 
a rebellion on ilia city! 

At. Ily no means ; but the whole host hath been utterly 
destroyed about Athens. 

Dak. And which of my sons led an armament thither t 
tell inc. 



' Sea Jol^ Gk. Gr. Vol. I. 4 378, 6 Ob*. * 




86 THE PERSIANS. / 19—737. 

Dak. W'm it by land or by to flint lie, wretched, muJo 
this road nl tempt 1 

At. Doth. Them wag n two-fold face of two armaments. 

Dak And bow too did lucli largo Innd forces accomplish 
their pnwngc? 

At. Willi machines he bridged tbo frith of Ildlc, so as to 
bare n pawmge. 

Dak. And did bo effect this, so as to shut up tho mighty 
Dosphorusf 

At. Such is tlio fact: but some demon, I ween, abetted his 
inclination. 

Dak. Ainu! soma mighty demon came, bo Hint bo had not 
bis right wiiocs. 

At. Yes— so that wo can see how evil an issue ho accom- 
plished. 

Dab. And how fared they over whom ye arc thus pouring 
your lament T 

At. Tho nnvnl force being worsted was tho destruction of 
the luml nniimiicn L 

Dab. And hath tho whole host thus utterly been destroyed 
by the spear T 

At. Ay, so that, moreover, the whole city of Susa mourns 
its desolation. 1 

Dak. O ye godsl good 3 was tho support and assistance of 
tbo army] 

At. And the whole Hnctrinn population huth perished in 
niter ruin, and that no aged people f u 

Dak. O wretched man! how much of the youth of our 
sUlics then liatli he destroyed. 
' At. They say too thnt Xerxes alone and destitute, with not 

Dak. ended how and where ? in there any escape? 

At. arrived gladly at the bridge that links tho two 

continents.* 

Dam. — ■ -and reached in this c 



' I think trrHtiy, not tn-Avi, wo» from the hand of jEioliylu*. 

* *rfiirf it • murh more powerful reading than ««'vf. Src Pnley. 

' I follow the Scboliut and 1'olcy. LtinilurP* conjecture iccmi ccarcc- 
ly Greek. 

* Dindorf rrm]* j-nin for h from Aikow's conjtctuio. But it yi etof 
ami in Uw plural' 



738—770.) THE PERSIANS. 87 

At. Yes: a clear Account prevails; in this, at all events, 
there is no dispute. 

D.mi. Alas! swift indeed rnmo ilio accomplishment of tlia 
oracles ; mill upon my ran Jove Imtli inflicted llic coiisnmma- 
tion of the divine declarations. I have expected that (ho 
gods would bring these things to tlicir complete fullillment 
after a long tamo. 1 But when n man is himself speeding 
onward, god also lends n hnnd. Now U fountain of ills mmj 
to have been discovered by my friends. And my son, not 
understanding this, Iniili brought it about hy his youthful 
presumption j who ho[>cd to cheek in its course the snered 
Hellespont, i In- ltosplmrus, stream of the god, like a slave, 
with bunds uinl w;w for reducing the stream to onler; mid 
binding it with hammer-wrought tetters, accomplished a grcnt 
roild liir iiis givat army, and he unwisely thought, mortal as 
he wni», (hat he phi mid gel the mastery of nil the gods, mid of 
Neptune. Did nut therefore n distemper of soul possess, my 
hhi ( I fear lest my great store of wealth shall become a prey 
to the first comer. 

At. These things is Impetuous Xerxes taught by consort- 
ing with evil men; and they tell him how that thou didst 
win great wealth for thy children with thy spear, but thul he, 
from want of manhood, wars at home, mid nought augments. 
hi* patrimonial opulence. Hearing such taunts as these oft- 
entimes from evil men, he planned this expedition and anna- 
Went against Greece. 

Dak. Therefore a work has Iwcn accomplished by him* 
exceedingly great, ever to lie had in renieiuhnuice, sui-h aa 
never at any lime utterly d ruined this jailing j -ity of Huso, 
ever since sovereign .love awarded this fiSnorTtliat enc man 
should sway the whole of Hock-breeding Asia, wielding tliO 
sceptre of rule, l-'or a Male 3 was the lirst commander of tho 
host; and another,' his son, completed this work; lor pru- 
dence managed the helm of his soul. And tlnnl from him 
Cyrus, n prosperous man, when lie reigned gave peace to all 
his friends ; and acquired the people of the Lydians and 

1 Such was the rrnwininn of Apollo, who deferred llic doom ol'CrnHn 
wlik-li bt< could not live,!. Hrrwloi. 1 32. 

Sen Hcrra. on Soph. (EJ. C. 1467 

■ Ctuu™. 



88 THE PERSIANS. [771-801 

Phrygians, and subdued by his prowess tho whole of Ionia. 
For cod did not abhor him, because bo WW discreet. And 
fourth' in order a son of Cyrus ruled tbe host : and Smeruis 
reigned fifth, a disgrace to his country, nnd to tho ancient 
throne: but valiant Artnphrencs, along with friends, whom* 
port this was,* slow him in llio palace by stratagem. And I 
too attained to the, lot which I desired, and waged many wan 
with a largo army; but I brought not such great mischief ns 
this upon the city. But Xerxes my son, being young, has 
youthful thoughts, and bears not in mind my injunctions; for 
of this bo ye well and distinctly assured, ye my compeers in 
age, nil of us who held this sovereignly, could not bo shown 
to have wrought so many evils. 

Cm. What (hen, my licgo Darius* to what point turncst 
thou the issue of thy words '.' In consequence of tlicso events, 
bow slull wo thy Persian host hcreiifter fare as best may bo I 

Dab. If we make not war upoa the country of the Greeks; 
no, not even if tlio Sicilian force be the larger : for to them 
the earth herself is nn ally. 

Ch. How sayest thou this! and in what way acts it as an 
allyt 

Dak. Inasmuch as it slays by famino those that ore ovcr- 



Cii. Well, but wo will furnish forth on expedition well 
•quipped and select. 

Dab. Ay, but not even shall the army that now remains in 
the regions of Hollas attain to a safe return. 

Cm. How suyest thou: What! docs not tho whole nrma- 
uKnt of tho barbarians cross the frith of 1 Idle from Kurope? 

Dak. Few, be sure, of many, if it ho proper for one that 
looks upon what hnlh now taken place at nil to put faith in 
the dec hunt ions of tho gods : for it is not that one part is ac- 
complished, and another not. 1 And if this be the fact, tho 
multitude selected out of tho army fails, having been lured on 

* Another verso is added in bracket*: " and sixth ManiAis. and •cvralh 
Artipbrene*.** which Ktmi an »idcnl romi|>ii<in. lVrlia|i« it w.i* a 
quoUiioD (rna aomc other poet, who had cmiincratril the roi)H|>iraloH 
■cesnling to hi* own authorities, ami tho line was intoned from » 



BOA— 843] THE PERSIANS. 80 

by groundless expectations. 'And tlioy nro rcmnining where 
Asopus with his stream* waters llio plain, a kind cnriell- 
liioi it of tliu llu-otiun fields: where (lie supreme of horrors 
nwnit them tp suffer, in retribution for their presumption mid 
godless devices; who, when they arrived in t lie lundof Helms, 
shrunk not from despoiling the statues of tho gods, nor from 
tiring their shrines: but the idtura nro demolished, mid the. 
temples of tliu divinities utterly overthrown from their base- 
ments in confuted ruin; wherefore, having done evil, they 
experience not less, und will still further i and not yet is 
it eomc to the dregs- of their cnlti milieu, but will they keep 
an gushing forth: for so great a elotted gore-dripping was* 
shall there be amid the hind of the Plutieaus, beneath tho 
Dorian spear; and heaps of corpses, even to the third gen- 
eration, shall voieolcssly aniiounec to the eyes of mortals, how 
that it becomes not one thai is mortal to entertain thought a 
too high tor him. For presumption, when it lino bloomed, 
is wont lo produce for fruit a crop of Ate, whence it reaps 
nn nil-mournful harvest. Seeing such nro tho recompenses 
of these things, bo ye mindful of Athens and of Hellas, nnd 
let not any one contemning his present fortune, enamored 
of other things, east nway great felicity. Jove is in sooth 
over us n ehastiser of extremely overliearing thoughts, n stern 
censor. "Wherefore do ye instruct hi in, destitute- m ho is of 
prudence, 3 with reasonable adinoni lions, that ho should eenso 
to insult the gods with his overweening confidence. Ami do 
tin hi, dear aged mother of Xerxes, go into the palace, and 
fetch vesture such as is seemly, and meet thy child; for 
in his sorrow for these misfortune*, tatters of his embroider- 
ed robes are rent all about his person, lint do thou mildly 
soothe him with words ; for to thee alone, I am a.-.-uml, will 
he endure to listen. Hut I will depart from earth into tho 
gloom that is beneath. And you, my aged friends, givo 
yourselves to joy, though ya be in afflictions, giving your 
spirits to pleasure day by day; since to the dead wealth is 
of no avail, [T/ie tltatk a/'D.vHira tU-MutU.* 

• There i» Komrtliins inronsinlent in the lm-1 Hint Dnriim. who require! 
to k- I..I.1 |.ow tin- JVr.i.in. had fiin-J, -lioulit I* able to ti-lt how iliey 
trnNi'iJ faro afterward. lVthapa, however, ho merely drawl a. general 
iiif.mire. » Literally " to llie bottom [of the cup]." 

*[ follow Dimlorfin hi. note* 

* In tho ancient theatrci ihey had " their jnyxivioi «Xi/iiurf, or 




THE PERSIANS. [M3-8B1. 

— n. Verily I feci Borrow when I licnr of tlio many woes 
- both even now prcM upon, and nro hereafter to befall, tlio 

•w-r. O Fortunol how many bitter sorrows ore coming upon 
and most of all doth (his mischance prey upon my spirit, 
* r *»«s« I bear also of the dishonor of the robes about the [>crson 
<**" KX»jr child, 1 which envelop him. lint I will go, nnd having 
tf*-"*-*^*****! vesture, from the house, I will endcuvor to meet my 
* *^** — For wo will not desert in their misfortunes those Unit 
•"■» clearest to us. 

f Atossa eaten Ike palace. 

^^■lOkus. O jo gods! wo surely enjoyed n noble nnd good- 

*y *»S«, under civic rule, when tlio nged nionnreli, aider of nil, 

******<*■ of no ill, not given to war, godlike I>nrius ruled tlio 

J*" ''lni, In the first place, wo were celebrated on account of 

°H"" wvell-npproved army, nnd the laws of the slate directed 

•** tilings. 1 And our returns too from our wars brought us 

^"*-*s*oul trouble, without suffering, in flourishing condition to 

*•***" homes. And whitt n number of cities did ho tnkc with- 

«* lt Iwving crossed tlio river Halve, nor having sped forth 

&x *«n hui home; Mich nro the Acheloiun cities on the Slry- 

*** ttinn sea, adjoining the dwellings of the Thiiicinns, and be- 

y***"l the sen, those along the main hind environed with for- 

*!***« obeyed this king, nnd those who bowsf lo dwell on both 

"J""** f t^ broad frith of Ilrllc, nnd the pulfy J'ropontis, nnd 

**** outlet of tlio l'onlns : the sea-girt islands too, near tlio 

™"**ine promontory, lying hard by this hunt, I-cslios, for in* 

*^**>r«, and olive-planted Snmos, Chios, mid 1'nros, Myconus, 

****» Andros touching in close iieighl*<rhoocl upon Tonus. He 

*• lord too of the sen-girt isles situate midway between the 

*?"Miiwnts, Lemnos, nud the dwelling of Icarus, nnd lihodes, 

***dtn too, and the cities of Venus, l'aphos, and Soli, nnd 



, lyij i* .1i.po.rJ to omit tills whole -peerl! of Atom. 
Thi« » Linwood'i rendering o(' lliii nasal is fuel ory passage. «lio 
TJ*" njijipo, like *tp;w « often used, to allude merely u> llie cily. 
****>rf ronaiders lbs won! corrupt. 

. ,S« Unwood, ■. v. ti'xopai. thai i* understood Womfirld's emen- 
***•, ifxoftrvMi, u much more iimplo , but ilio alteration is liardiy 



803—042.] THE PERSIANS. 01 

Salami.*, tho mother city of which is now tho causo of our 
present nigh 8. Ho ruled too, by his prudence, over tho opu- 
lent populous cities of the Greek* in the Ionian district. And 
there wilh at hand an tincompicrnhle power of armed men, and 
of allien gathered from every nation. But now we, in no du- 
bious way, have to eudiire the overthrow of these thing* from 
the hand of the gods, being terribly beaten down by wars, and 
by disasters on tho deep. 

Kntcr Xkkxks. 1 

Ahus ! wretched that 1 am, having met with this hateful 
doom beyond all conjecture ; how ruthlessly hath tho demon 
assailed the race of tho Persians 1 What shall I suffer miser- 
able \ for the vigor of my limbs fails as I look upon this [aged] 
company of citizens here before me. O Jove! that the doom 
of death could enshroud me also ulong with tho men that oro 
departed. 

Cn. Well-a-day, my liege 1 for tho goodly armament, and 
the great honor accruing to tho Persians from their vassal 
states, and the fair array of men, whom now the demon hath 
mowed down. And the. land bewails her native youth that 
have been brought to death by Xerxes; who crams Hades 
with Persians. For to Hades arc gone 2 many, for countless 
was the mass,- 1 the flower of the realm vanquished with tho 
bow, of men that have utterly perished. 

Xi:u. Alas! alas! alas! alas for the mighty force 1 

Cn. And the land of Asia, O monarch of the country, hath 
«unk piteously, piteously on her knee. 

Xi:k. 1 here More you, alas! alas I meet subject for wail- 
ing, hapless have been born an evil to my family, and my 
father-land. 

Cn. I will utter, by way of greeting thy return, the ill- 
omened exclamation, the voice of a Mnriondynian wailcr that 
sings of woe, a very tearful outcry. 

Xr.u. Pour ye forth a grievous all-lamentable, sad-re- 
sounding voice ; for this demon hath made a turn back upon 
me. 

1 Sec my Introduction. 

3 I have translated Passow's vdoflarai, which Dindorf seems to ap* 
prove, and Palev admitt*. 

3 I trannlatr Hlomucld's QvptHf. Tho student must endeavor V> satisfy 
himself in thin passage, I can not. 



93 THE PERSIANS. [043— Wa 

Cil I will, in truth, utter even an n)Ulamcntnolo outcry, 
honoring 1 [with a wnil] the heavy calamities of tho race of 
the mourning city endured by Die people, inflifttml by tho lull- 
ing of the sea; and again will I utter tho extremely tearful 

Xkk. For our ■Lip-fenced Mars, yielding tho victory to oth- 
er*, hath reaped mischief from the lonians, after laying waste 
the darkling surface of the mnin nnd the ill-fated shore. 

Ou Obi oli I oil I cry, and inquire exactly into all tho par- 
tsealara. And where la the rest of tho multitude of thy friends T 
stud where are Hhmo who stood by thy Hide in the battle 1 each 
aa Traa llianuidocc*, Susns, l'eltigon, Dolumos, Agdabutos, and 
Aamnii, and Kusiscnnes, that left Kchutnnn 1 

Xfji. I left them fallen in death out of n Tyrinn ship on 
tbe shores of Salami*, striking in the rugged hcnilland. 

Cn. Ob I oli I and what has become of thy l'hnrnuchus, 
and the brave Ariouinrdusl nnd where ia prince Scunlccs, or 
JLibrus sprung from a higli-born aire, Memphis, Thnrylris, nnd 
klaststras, Artcmbnrca too, and IlysUeclnnns'l These things 
would I again impure from thee. 

Xeb. Alas for mcl after having l>eheld ancient Athena the 
hateful, all in one shock of tight, ah ! ah 1 ah 1 wretched, lie 
gasping on the ground. 

On. What didst thou also leave, didst thou leave him of 
thy Fewions, thine own eye 1 in nil tilings faithful, that num- 
bered thy tens of thousand*, tens of tlioiMituI*, Alpistus, eon of 
Batanoclius, • * * son of Scsnmns, mm of Mcgnbatiu', l'nrihus 
too, and mighty CElmrcs. Alas! for them wretched. Thou 
teUeat mils that bode further ills to tho renowned Persians. 

Xer. Thou dost in sooth cull to my mind a lament for my 
excell en t friends, while thou spenkest of baleful, hateful, ex- 
ceeding lmtcful horrors. My heart within mo moans aloud, 
saaani aloud for them unhappy. 

Cu. And, in truth, wo regret another too, Xnnthus, lender 
of ten thousand Mnrdians, and warlike Ancharcs, Dia'Xis too, 
mod Anamcs, chiefs of ilic cavalry, Cigdatea and I.yiliimnes, 
and Totalis tliot was never satisfied with tho spear. 1 They 



* I ■**& sal Uke notice of llie different chance, of the druwuia nap 

mm tarMfkMrt taw mm. ^ 



1000—1040.] THE PERSIANS. OS 

wcro buried, they wcro buried, not following in our train, in 
tents mounted on wheels. 

Xi.n. For they that were comm tinders of tlio host nra gone. 

On. TIwj arc pone, alas] inglorious. Wool wool woe! 
woe ! woe ! ye divinities liavo bronglit upon us on unlooked- 
for mii-pussing evil, ns ever Ale Imlh witnessed. 

Xkii. Wo liavc been smitten, ulas 1 what are tlio fortunes 
of man's Mb I 1 

Cm. Wo liavo been smitten, for 'tis full plain, (there nra 
new calamities, new calamities), liaving witb no good success 
oncoiintercd tlio Ionian mariners. Ill-fortuned in wax is tlie 
raivoflliulVrsiaiis. 

Xkii. And liow not T T wretched havo been smitten in tlio 
article of co great nn army ? 

Cn. And what wonder? Lave not tlio mighty of tlio Per- 
sians thlleii? 

Xkii. Seest thou tiiis remnant of my vesture T 

Cn. I see it, 1 see it. 

Xkii. This quiver too— 

Cit. What is thin that thou cay est hath been saved! 

Xkii. — : — a receptacle for shall!!? 

Cn. Little enough assuredly, us from much. 

XiCft. Wo liavc been reft of our supporters, 

Cu. The host of tlio Ioninns shrinks not from the spear. 

Xi'u. Valiant are they ; and I witnessed an unlooked-for 
calamity. 

Cm. 'Tisof the rout of the naval host that thou art speaking. 

Xbh. It is — and I rent my robe at the ill •visitation. 

Cn. Alnsl alas! 

Xl'.u. Ay — and more than alas. 

Cu. Yes, fur double and three-fold arc our woes. 

Xi:u. Grievous; hut joys to our foes. 

Cn. Ami our prowess too liatli been maimed. 

Xi:u. I am stripped of my escort. 

Cn. Through iho disasters of thy friends on the deep. 

Xkii. Deplore, deplore tlio calamity, and move toward the 



See Dinilorf and Piloy 



M THE PERSIANS. [(160-081 

And thou, Aldoncus, (lint dost send the diodes to this tipper 
world, act nl liberty, Aliloncus, Duriu*, all kingly us ho was, 
Ala* I 1 For ni> at no time ho wmt the dcnlroycr of men by Um> 
wanting eii Intuit if* of wur, an ho wiih ciillwl by hit l'erwiiiiif 
couth* lor divine ; mid counselor divine lw wits, for liO con* 
ducted the boat well. Lord, 1 ancient lord, conic, draw nigh, 
appear on tiro topmost peak 1 of the mound, rawing (be saffron* 
dyed sandal of tlty foot, dinpuiying llio crest of thy roynl tiara. 
Coma forth, O Darius, author of no ill: Honl' Show thy- 
self sovereign lord, 1 that tliou mayent hear the sorrows of our 
•OTtjrcign, strange in (heir nature, and now. For some Styg- 
ian gloom hi hovering over w, for nil* our youth have al- 
ready sunk in ruin. Come forth, Dnrius, author of no ill : 
Heal alas! alaal O thou that didst dio deeply deplored by 
thy friends I '0 king, O king] why should there redoubled 
nuslinps pass throughout all this thy liuid ! AH tlio three- 
banked galleys of this our land buvo utterly perished, so as to 
be no longer galleys. 

The Ghost op Daiucs rises. 

ye most trusty of the trusty I yo compeers of my youth, 
aged l'cnqons, with wlmt trouble is our city troubled 1 
lb* ground groans, is smitten nud torn.* And beholding 

1 8m DleeafieU and Diudorf. Both eenae anil construction are Joubt- 
faL 

1 Sea Dlomfidd, who baa learnedly illualratcd thia Grateo- Phoenician 
ward. 

* Cf. Eurip. Hac. 37, i II»?.cuf j-dp wolf Mp rfa^m fayelf Kur.tyJ 
'AgiVjif wur orpuTiVft' 'EUfvucvv. j£ach. Cboeph. 4, nyij*ov A' lit 

*a*v— 

* [ follow Blomfield and Paler &apti&r could nerrr bo correct. I 
caa not clearly undentand wliat'Dindorfa opinion ia, aa ha ndducca (ha 
■mm authority {iii. Ariatoph. Hon. 1038), but aaya nothing about the 
reading of thia juueaee. 

* DindorTa punctuation require* amendment. Read uxt iiemra. 

* Sea Dindorf. 

* I hata given the beat arnae I can to the trit, but nothing ia here cer- 
tain but the uncertainty of llw reading. diujoirv ia ihubtlcM corrupt, 
and Ulomncld reada A' ui-otai-. wliirh Unwood, Lc». p. 81), en plaint thua : 
"lVhal,0 prince, ia thia double penalty for error anaing from folly con- 
cerning (or alTrcling) thy land, cien the whole of thy land !" I'aley'a 
a ail aafiaaaa oWaanin Jovuora accru* dewrving of canuderalion, but the 
puup w beyond any aaliafaetory understanding. 

* Or; "peoatrela oa tha ground, ba aigha," etc. 



AGAMEMNON. 



PERSONS REPRESENTED. 

A Watch has. I Aoahkmnok. 

Clint"'* or Old Men or Anoo». Cahmmdia. 

TlIK HbHALU T*LTOYMU«. I 

Watchman. I prtiy the gods a deliverance from these 
toils, n ivmody 1 for my year-long watch, in which, couching 
on my i'IUiwh- on lliu roofs of tiiti Auvidiv, like a dog, I liuvo 
coniriiijilaii'il the host 3 of 11 io nightly Mara, mid llio bright 

]iuti'iil:UL'!t tliiit ln'iir winter ami s icr lo morlaln, citn- 

s]iii'iiotis in llic linuatnent. And now I um watching for Uio 
Ngnnl iif lliu tauini, tltu blnxo of lira that bring* a voico 
from Troy, and tidings of its capture; for lima strong in 
hopi! is tliu Woinan'M heart, of manly counsel. 1 And whilo 

•memlntinn of Valrkcnacr'", fii/xof S* 
■ [.refer fallowing iilmniVH nn.l Dill- 
.inn. i\i:uiwii, uiiii iiih ikmhIcu nrglrct of v.-rkil, in favor of jioclical, 
iuLrrjirriatiini, Ii.ik hoi remarked llio conliiiu.il ion of Ilio metaphor in v. 
17. Srwrll elegantly render*, " Salvo of u year-long ■entry." 

■ uitvjiyxr. A Iwiiuliful metaphor, by which tho muHiliiJo of slam ii 
cnmpml lo an im«ciiiI>Iy or eliorus. Cf. Kurip. El. 4(iT, ubt^v t* 
rsi'l'. ■',)'■.■; ; ...j-ji' ; MaiimuH TvrillK liv , i/'/inn fxif, rinr,TO|J ju^n' ; Mailelha, 
V. 7. iV «<Vmw i-npilr nirr/jiiv. It it prohalilo, from the nlhminn to llio 
rli.mu'.'s ■•( tlu> weallicr, that the Pleiailen aro particularly meant; of 
\i]ih-!i ilvL'iiiii". Purl. AkIt. II. 31. olmrrvria, '' Clint inmiitur chorcam 
tliiccre Melli-." Sec Munrhcr on fab cicii., and linrmaiin on Viler. 
Finer. V. 4li. Fiwlicr on .liwhin. Socrat. III. 19, p. 157. 

• Sec Suwell and Klau-.cn. 



96 AGAMEM.NON. [18—30 

I have (i night-bewildered nnd dew-drenched couch, 1 not vis- 
ited by dreams, for four, in place of sleep, stands nt iny side, 
so that I can not firmly close ray eyelids in slumber. And 
when I think to sing or whistle, preparing- thin the counter- 
cliartn of song against sloop, tlu'ii ilu I mourn, sighing over 
the sad condition of this bouse, tlint is not, as of yore, moot 
excellently administered. Hut now, may there be ft happy 
release, from my toils, as the fire of joyous tidings nppcnrs 
through the gloom 1 Oh hail I thou lamp of night, thou that 
displaycst a light like as the day, and the marshaling of 
many donees in Argos, on account of this event. 3 Ho 1 ho I 
I will give a signal distinctly to the wife of Agamemnon, that 
■be, having arisen with oil speed from her couch, niny mine 
■loud ft joyous shout in welcome to this licncon, if indeed the 
city of Ilton is tnk.cn, ns the br aeon-light stands forth' imnounc- 
ingi and I myself will dance n prelude. For I will count the 
throws of my lord that have fallen well, mine own, 8 since this 
kindling of the beacon-light hits cost mo thrice six." May it 
then befall mc to grasp with this hand of mine the friendly 
band of the sovereign of this paluco on his arrival, Hut for 
the rest I am silent ; a mighty ox hath come upon my tongue :' 

' Although in opodoaii for ttV iiv hot been *ougIit far by Klauacn in 
1. 18 ; yet Ism by no mrani lalUficd On Ilic lulyeet. Scwcll, who Can- 
didly contour* hi* doubli, render* it, " And well may I retain," etc. ; but 
Hut would require ti d" or ti /. 1 can not help thinking jEsdiylui wrolo 

-**!■$» it tf (ttirJeYiniv "™)v iWripatf, a repetition that might 

uily neaps the copyi*t*. Such rendition* arc familiar to every reader 
jL*>f the poeU, capecia]!* Homer. See SetiraJer on Mu*. 14ft, p. 232 «qq, 
— , " * " drug-like •EredJinj; in." Scwcll; which i* the proper meaning of 
(JUl sW/B-rir. 

^-~ ' Scwcll, "lor the joy of this fair hap," apparently taking X"f v in °p- 

peeitton with the preceding Hrntenrc, nnd not adverbially. 

* wfJwti. aland* conapicuou*. See Scwell on v. 6. 

■ I follow Blomfirld, Sewcll, and Pidcy. Klauicn seem* utterly wrong. 

* The lucky throw. Sen Stanley. 

* Then lormi no doul* that tlm i* a proverbial cipreaaion. Sewell 
remark*, " the general meaning of tlii* hnnh lipure i* obvious, whether 
mere weight of obligation i* typified, or weight of money, prcumit, brib- 
ing to lileacs. There u *oncthing of a aimilar idea in Ttmm ofAthnti 

• H< ne'er drink*, 
But Tunon'e •ilrer tread* upon hi* lip.' 
Perhaps, however, a* tho Greek* conalanlly uaed compound! of 0oit to 
signify great magnitude, the phrue pi) or jioif might merely bo utcd to 
■apf** ■ grout weight." 



\ 



37—61] AGAMEMNON. 07 

but the house itself, could it find a voice, would toil most 
plainly. Thus I readily 8j)cak to them that know, and for 
tjuch as know not 1 have no memory. 

[foit "Watchman. 
Cnonrs. This is now the tenth year since the great adver- 
sary of Priam, king Mcnclaus and Agamemnon the stalwart 
yoke 1 the Atrciihc, by the gill of Jove [possessed] of a twin- 
throned and twin-sceptred majesty, led from thia land their 
armament of a thousand ships of the Argives, a warrior aid, 
screaming through passion a great noise of war, like vultures, 
which, in their sorrows for their young far from the [paths of 
men]/- wheel their ilight high above their nests, oaring with 
the oars of their pinions, having lost the nestling care 3 of their 
callow young: but some god, 1 either Apollo, or Pan, or Jove, 
hearing aloft the shrill-voiced wail uttered by the birds on 
account of these outcasts, 5 sends Krinnys, the late avenger, 
upon the transgressors; even so mighty dove the Hospitable 
bends the sons of Atrcus against Paris, about to impose on 

1 ThcmiMius, Orat. xxi. p. 11G. D., calls the At rid© £vi>up2r rwv 

#r/>ar;/}ur. by a Miuilar metaphor. 

* Or " Holitary." says Paley. Klauscn nay*, '• /xTanoi-, quod scsccon- 
tincrc ncipiil in itinera kuo .... itaquc <iuici|uid iimnodicuin est ct cert is 
ralioui* fuiihus destitutum." 8c c also Dindorf. Paley rightly condemn* 
the supposition that tKTrariotc; is an cnallagc for turrariuv. Linwood fol- 
lows klauscn, and renders it "irregular, uncontrolled." 

8 This sense is now fully established. Sewoll elegantly render* " hav- 
ing loHt for aye and e'er their nestlings* eyrie-watching care." 

4 I am unwilling to believe, with iScwcll, in Klauscn's mystical and 
far-fetched interpretation of tic. 1 have construed viraroc with ci/ov, 
like vxutoi .... ifuano/tcvoi^ v. f>2. 

* Jewell translates, " lier who avengeth late those Mctics of our state," 
observing in bin note, " .So much political allusion is traceable in the whole 
of the tetralogy, that perhaps a reference in intended hero to some ret of 
injustice meditated against the Meticci at th'iH moment by the democrat ical 
party ; Tun'tU must be rendered * these' — 4 these present in the theatre.' " 
Never was I less inclined to admire the ingenuity of this able scholar than 
in this instance. To say nothing of the unpoetical change from a pathetic 
description to a perbonal allusion — to nay nothing of the proliablc recep- 
tion of such a remark, if understood — have wc any warranty for supposing 
that it could be understood ! Of the nni8ic of the chorusen wc know 
nothing ; but. I believe, any one acquainted with choru«-singing in gen- 
eral, will con toss that such a sound as " tondc mctoikou" would probably 
stick in the throat of the singer, if he attempted to lay any peculiar stress 
upon it. 

E 



98 AGAMEMNON. [62-100. 

Greeks ami Trojans alike, on account of the wife of many 
husbands, many limb- wearying struggles, when tlio kneo is 
■trained in the dust, and the spear-shaft in shivered in tlio 
onset. But things arc as they arc; uikI will bo brought to 
the issue doomed. Neither by weeping nur by pouring 
libations, nor by shedding tears, will ho soothe away tlio 
inlcnso wrath of flrcless rites. 1 But we, with our nnhonored 
aged frame, remain left In-hind the unwuuciit of that time, 
propping on staves our childlike strength, l'or both the lmir- 
nrw of youth shooting tin within our breasts is weak us age, 
and Slurs is not in place; mid very advanced ngc like- 
wise, after tlwt its folingo is already withered, totters along 
its three-footed path, and nought superior to a child, flits like 
a day-dream. But thou, daughter of Tyndnrus, Quii'ii C'ly- 
tcrnncstra, what means this I what new event? what is it 
that thou hast heard, and on the faith of what tidings art thou 
burning incense sent around?" ami the altars of all our city- 
guarding gods, of those abovo ami those below, god* of heav- 
en and gods of the forum, arc blazing with ollevinga: and in 
different directions ditU-rcnt flames arc streaming upward, 
high as heaven, drugged with the mild u mid id I crated cordials 
of pure unguent, with tho royal cake, brought from the in- 
most cells. 1 Concerning these things tell one both what is 
possible and lawful for thee to say,' mid liecomc thou the healer 
of this distracting anxiety, which now one while is full of evil 

* The disputes rcspccline tisrpur Irpur seem ID be set at rest by Bam- 
berger and Lhmlorf, who uinlrn.lamltlic unrrinerof I|jliii:cniatol>c"iiieniit. 
And if we consider llie conneelion of the sense. Ibis in clearly required 
by (he conic 11 from t. 40, u follow* : Tlio Atridre hover over the heads 
of those who ttolo away Helen, like vultures mourning over tlieir lost 
jounp;. Dut u come gnu sends nil Kriniirs lo aid tbr birds, so Jove send* 
UN Alndr against Paris, bringing o iloulitful cm it ml upen bold Greeks 
and Trojans. Hut tlic cnil of all will lie aH fair decrees. Nor by any 
bbcsiu will Agamemnon avert the unflinching wrath resulting from Ijihi- 
gcnii'i death. The chorus darkly )i initial ibr consequences of Agamem- 
non's connection with Mend aim, wliicli are more liillyeiplaincd hereafter. 

' Although the epithet BTniirr/iHTO is not destitute ol meaning, I have 
tattle doubt that jEschylus wrote irr/H'srimt— " decoct a." 

■ The *r^.T«ov was a common onering to all llie gods, as wc learn from 
Polio. I, si. ii. p. 388, cd. Seber. Sen ell oWrvcs, " it should be reman* 
beted thai (be oil used in religions rites wan of great value." 

> say. Cf. i. 1481, i, pi;an uko.C raiait tul/iova not 
v eJvtlf. Thus ajfof, a narrative, V. Md3, xaxdv alvar urepiic 



100—134] AGAMEMNON. Q<> 

thought, but at another lime, because of llio sacrifice)', liopo 
blandly lii wiling 1 tijion mo n-jM*]* llio hiNitintc core, the rank- 
ling niitiiw tlmi in ]»vyiiijj ni-uu my lir-nrt. 

I sun 3 able lo lell ill' llio i«iuwohh of llio tmrpnwiiijr 1 licroc*, 
wi'll-onii'iiiil on llio way — for Mill from the- gods doth jiciviiii- 
Hon iu>|iin- ino willi wnijr, [mid] tlto coiuniciiMinue cnVw with 
finn-lli 1 — how llio impetuous bird wild* ii^iiiiiH the land of 
'IVmiT iliu twin-throned jwwer of llio Aifhuium, llio uno- 
liiiiiilcil phit'f of llio youth of 1 k-llna, will) >[K-nr anil avenging 
I Li I id, tin- monarch of birds lo lire laoiiiiivlm of the fhijm, one 
of litem black mid Ihc other while behind, having iijijii'iuvtl 
near llio palace, on llio right band in it II -co aspic now [m-iliim, 4 
livtling on a linrc-brood looming willi cmbryo-ollsiiriiijr, cut 
oil' from their bii't" course, (.'haunt jKlhiun, .rKliuon ! ■ but 
may ihc good prevail. And llio clover wr of llio tinny, lmv» 
inj; seen llio twin-warlike Aircidie dilliriiift" in llirfr p-nirita, 
knew [litem for] the devnurors of the hare, and the com- 
mander* who led the expedition, and thus bo !-pnke expound- 
in;; llio portent : "In lime of a truth shall this inroad lako. 
the city of l'rkim ; but of till the public wealth in its lowers 
shall Destiny lirst violently make bavoc." Only may no envy 
from the goda fling gloom over the mighty embattled curb 

1 I follow Dutlcr'n, or ralher Jacob'*, emendation, with Blonifield and 
Diinlnrf. 

1 l'erliapn t!io literal meaning of m'/NOf would licit be rendered, " 'tis 
mine to tell." 

' Tim- 1 have rendered hnlftiv. Kl.nni.ea> fa rrtJuv ii neither 
Greek nor -eii»c. Dimlorfi view, which I havo followed, .ceim Ike lim- 
jpIi-!.!. nltlmiiL'li 1 niU"i plead lo a Irian in favor of reading ivrcXiuv. 

' I li.ivc closely followed K tauten, and, apparently, Jclf, Cik. Gr. 805, 
Ii f-r.' Index), llut did any one ever hear ol'oiui' living lined far nai/jof, 
or ran we Mi|i|Hi»e tli;it nYyipiror aiui can mean "the time of tlir oracle's 

fnijiii ii; '" Ui-phIch, how awkward is llio asyndeton ! Dindorf nccma 

lint imperfectly s.iliolied ; hut uncertainly prevents me from advancing 
any new ri-.iilinj.'H- None of llio present conjectures appear safe. 

1 iipa must lie an angurial term. .Sec K bunco. 

* See Dindorf. and Jclf, Ck. Gr. v Ml. 

' I should prefer reading dioaoir with Blomficld, from Canter'* emen- 
dation. Had Iflibeck'i -icroiic (which i* nol an emendation, but an 
alirrniiim, ami Ui.it (or tlie wor^e) been proposed by any one clue, Diti- 
dorf would hardly have honored it with bin approbation. There is soma 
doubt. Ii.m-evef, wli ftlier cWvi can mean " dillercnt." 

' 1'iiley trie* to take iri/'ii; in ill u™ual sense, "cattle," and support* 



100 AGAMEMNON. [131—101. 

forged against Troy : Tor chaste Dinnn is jealous ngninst tho 
bouse, on account of llic triligt-il hounds' of tlm fire, lliat niiulo 
a victim of the wretched hare together witli her brood before 
delivery, and alio loathes the bnu<|uet of the cnglee, Chnunt 
yElinon, jKlinon 1 but may the good prcviul. So kindly is 
the Cur 1 goddess to the cube of iWrco lions unable to follow' 
[their dams], anil to the suckling whelps of nil the wild beast* 
that roam the Held, mid sho liesocche* [her lather] 1 lo bring to 
a fiirorablo issue these omens: propitious indeed, yet open to 
complaint ore the nppuri lions. 1 And I invoke lelnn l'mftii, 
that slue may not work ntiy long ship-detaining stress of 
weather, with winds adverse to the Greeks, urging on nnothcr 
■acrilii-e, an impious one, banquet less, the framer of Strife 
among kindred, having no awe for a husband ; for there abides 
a fearful, recurring,'' I'randful keeper of the house, a mindful 
chi hi- avenging wrath." Such destinies drawn from birds 
seen Upon the march, did Calchas nlong with great blessings 
cliaunt forth to the royal households. And in harmony with 
these clutunt jKlinon, vKlinon 1 but may the good prevail, i 
Jove — whosoever' he be, if this name be well-pleasing to liiiu ' 
1 See the comment atom, and O. Arii.mil. ilo Dii* rtn/Hi1p<ur, nviii. 

* This seem* In Iioyo hern a (Hipular epithet of Diana. Feder refers to 
Arictoph Kan. I33X, Ufa il( Aisnwra tral('Aprtfitf xa'/ji. Eurip. Hipp. 
M, ttOJ/iara nn/tl irttjjlrrur. 

* -Such is (ho cataliliahnl icnio or urffroif. ; but I (till incline, with 
Sewt-ll, to llljnilirl.rn rending, dXr'aTotf. 

* See Ijnwood, s. v. rr/tTi-or, whom I hn»o followed. 

* erpoiJW in rightly condemned by Porson aj an interpolation from 

Homer, II. II. 311. 

* I read wOivapros, with Unwoed, P.-dry, and Dindorf. Sco a clear 
•splaiuiion of Ilia passage in bin wood** lexicon, 

1 This skeptical formula is very common. Sec lilomficld (lo whom 
Klauacn is, as uiual. indrlitrd for his matter), and ci>m|i.irc aluo Iho 
prayer of the Pomilicrs. in Srrvius on Virg. .En. IV. 677— "Jupiter, 
Oplirnc, Maximc, live quo alio nomine lr a|>jirllari voloerin." I.ivy, I. 2 
Of -Eneas — "situs est, qurniciiniqur cum iliei jm faaquc est." This su- 
perstition arose parity from Ihc Semitic belief that the In in name of the 
deity was concealed from man (cS. Liall. on I jci.im 1. p. 3D) ; and hence 
the Athenians, as well as other nnlionn. had altars to uaknovn or un- 
certain deities (SCO Auguslin, de cons. En. I. 30 ; Tertulliaii. ady. Mar- 
cion. I. 9). Valerius Soranus came lo an evil end, in consequence, of 
dimlgmjr the namo of the gcniuii of the city of Home (Serv. ad .f.n. I. 
384). The Platonic superHiiinn on thil head it well known. Ilcioidcs 
the passages adduced by Illonifield, cf. i'hilcb. p. 73, E. Hill the akep- 
tkaso) of j£ecbylue in i. 1T.5, r! ri> /iiirar uiro 0>ivriMor i^flor xpH 
fftiOr, sscsas lo amount to absolute ridicule of the pontic ^oVjvYisasbi. 



108—200.] AGAMEMNON. 101 

when invoked, by thin do I address hiin ; bnlnncing nil reasons, 
I iliii nut nhle to make any liirthvr guess, cxmpt Jove, if in 
truth it behooves ino to cast ult' the groundless burden of 
anxiety. Nor can ho who bolbro was (front, flourishing in 
un conquerable boldness say unghl, tin one that lias [Kissed 
away;' iuhI ho who existed next has passed away, Inning 
found his third thrower. 1 ' Hut any one dint cheerfully cole- ■ 
Urates dove in sougH of triumph shall coinplutuly attain lo 
umldvlumling ; him thai lend* mortals the way to wisdom, 
thai [duces knowledge iijioii Fullering, linnly to remain. 3 But 
u*en in aluniiMT tlic jMing of llio memory of ills keeps dripping 
U'toro ilic heart, mid Wisdom Uuth como to llio wayward, 
ltul 'tis n gift, I ween, of the divinities who sit severely 1 on 
the awful bench. Then too the senior lender of the slii|M of 
the Greek*, blaming no sew, but breathing with the fortunes 

that befell him when tlm Grecian hurt was nflliclcd by 

sires* of weather,' 1 while it was occupying the court beyond 
Chuleis, in the refluent roast* of Aulis, and blasts that enmo 
fniin the Ktrymun, of evil holiday, of direful famine, and ill 
anchorage, stray guides to mortals, u inquiring both of ships 
and cables, rendering the time [of voyage] (wire the length 

■ were cnnliug down with delay" the flower of the Greeks; 

whin moreover the seer loudly announced to the chieftains 
another more grievoif* remedy for the. fell tei»|H<st, T bring- 
ing forward Diana; so that the Alreidie, smiting the ground 
with (heir sceptres, cheeked not the tear, and the elder 
monarch spake, thus aloud: "Ilunl is tho fate not to obey; 

1 I iiftvc iKiiji- my lutit wiili thin nu-liwnril |nmn:i«c, fulluwinj; Klauaen'a 
vrmii-ti, " nihil .iiiijiliim dicat, quum <lc co actum «it," But I mi liy no 

1 "Tlio \irtorv cu niljiulecd to him that cava hii ailvcmiy three falls, 
wlirm-r r r ,N„-oi ami nmrpuftu signify to compicr."— roTTEa, I. 60S. 

1 1 h:ive lulluu'iil Nr.woll, uiuliTalaailiaj; uerc lirforo nyjiur /jfiv. 

* Ilinitif arrina awkward. I.inwooil traiiBlalm il, "wiling with ae. 
vrrilv" ("MTriiil)" mint In a misprint). Scwcll, " tlicro il a gracious 
gift. rompulsory u falc." 

■ Literally, " inability to Bail." Cf. Tliuryil. W- 4, tfirifcofty iir 1 
ilir'/iiinr. Ir'Mt. Iph. T. IS, nWje r* ii-?.ni'nf wrePfUiTW r 1 ob Tvyxavuv. 
[|.li. Aul. Brt. l/pctitf ht?.<h> i'duotm *or' 'Av?.nJo. Cf. Dion. ChrvaoaU 
Ur. II. p. SO.rd. Jlriakc. 

' Wiih iha apparent approbation of Dindorf, I have followed Dlom- 

' I have luliipiril Kkiuiicn'a applanation. Scwell'a Tcraiofl Is qiiito 



V (^ 



AGAMEMNON. [207— Mi 



. ^jj* too if I am to sacrifice my daughter, the ornnmcnt 
tfeky bouse, polluting a lather's lunula with tlic gushinpl 
. *• virgin's blood near tlic nltar. Which of those alternatives 
***>Uh<iut its horrors? How can I bo a deserler of ilic fleet, 
"«fittg the confederacy T lor it is meet that they 1 With wrath 
full wratlifully should (Wire the HU-rirlco that shall lull iho 
wiadj, and tlic blood of Ibe maiden— for it would be well." 
Uut after that he had nut on the joke of necessity, breathing 
an impious, impure, unholy change of soul, from that lime ho 
diaaged hia niitid ra iu Id cherish ull-dnring thoughts. l*'or 
wretched phrvnsy, first source of woe, of foul counsel, hardens 
mortals. And thus he dared to become the Eiicrifiecr of his 
daughter, to promote a war undertaken for the uvt 'lining of a 
woman, and as a fint-ofluring 3 for the fleet : and the chieftains, 
eager for the fight, sol at nought her supplications, and her erica 
to her ihlhcr,' nnd her maiden ngc. II lit afier prayer her fu- 
tlier bode the ministering priest* with all teal, to lift like a kid 
high above the idlar, her who lay prostrate wrapt in her roles, 
and to put a cheek upon her beauteous mouth, a voice of 
curses' upon the house, l>y furee of muzzles nod strength whirh 
allowed no vent to her cry. And pourin;* to the ground her 
vest menis of sntl'ron dye, she smote each of her Faerilieers with 
• piteous glunco from her eye, and remarkable in her beauty" as 

1 The connection of the sense, evidently rripiirrs iiriOtpriv lo 1* referred 
U the Greeks, not to Artemis: rip 10 prolrplMally alludes to the wrath of 
the Greeks, if the sacrifice of Ipliigruin was rclutcil. Their is n tonic- 
wbsl similar sense in Virgil, A'.n. II. 130 — " Asscnsere omnrs, el nun 
aibi quiHjue tiiiicbot, I'nim in niiscri exilium converts lulcro." With 
ti pip till, understand afroif. 

* On trporiina, see UloRificlil. It wu properly a marriage-rite. 
Pollux, III. 3, p. 137, 50, i t .If xpA }ii/iav (Wo, n^oriJ.tia, . . . itport- 
XtioOtu it n/jwTO ni pni-av ni i't>*ii, u/?.«i «ni ol wpQtm, 

* Scwrll would extend llie >i(;ii ifir.it ion of irar^arf luthckin of Aga- 
memnon as noil, liul 1 nni scarcely disposed to accede lo (hot view. 
JLucrcliui preferred the simple notion : 

" Kec. miscrr tali [lrmlrsur in tempore ([ilihnl, 
Quod pairio |)rinrr|ii tlnnarat nomine regem." 

* I spree with the same rlepanl scholar, lti.il llie imprrcation of curies 
upon her lather's li™«r ros ill «uilcd to tlic feinininr delicacy of Iplii- 
ecnia ; but his translation irlli us more iliau tlic ari urinal contains. In 
fact, to his credit wt ma; say thai he oftrn forgets the tnnslntoi in tlic 
peel. Perhaps wo may br«t toko u/iafoi- proltplirally, an referring 1« 
what would befall Iho linuae on account of lief dealh. 

* I h.nc followed Sewcll's idea of lh« «rb rpinnv. Sec his note on 
t. 0. Hers there seems allusion lo. ths custom of painter* lo ^\ic* >."»» 



AGAMEMNON. £»&-»». 

t lake lbs opinion of my wul when mink 

., ;■ * rumor gladden thy mind? 
itrply i - ■■ .inrt my kiim tut tliut of a young 

hue hath (he city been sacked? 

nr.i.i Hint liulh now brought forth this 

1 mpi«'ii;rr could como with such fpced i 

.,., th a brilliant gleam front Ida; and 

1 buueon .»f courier-fire' hithcrwanl. Ida, 

i -. nontory of IjcmucM, and third in 

Hiut of Jove, received the great torch from 

ting o'er m> M to ridga the ten, tlio might of 

tyoiifJy* i vi'liil, tho pine-torch transmitting 

* vpk-iulor, like n sim, to tho natch-lowers 

lid [die . . irliiiiuiij omilled not hi* share of 

* duly, either by nuy delay, or liy Iwing oiro- 

■ by iJcep ; ill the light of tho beacon coin- 

r to the Miviinil of the Kuripiw gives si-jiml to 

n of Mewapiun ; mid 1 1 try lighted n flnuia in lurn, 

n tidings onward, having kindled with tiro a pile of 

" , t And Ibc lump, in its plrvnglh mil yet at nil 

(bounding over ibe j.liiin of the Anopws like tho 

Moa to tlio rnig of Cilluvron, nrousod imotber relay 

Wrier-fire. And ibc wnlcb refused not tlio light (hut 

from nfnr, lighting a larger pile than iIiomj nlwivo 

1 1 but it darted nerom ike lake Gorgoput, and having 

onnt Jr^ipl:inriii*,Ktirrrd it tin, that the rule 3 of lira 

\x> Hi tit. And liglitiug it up in unpcnniing ulrenglh, 

to a mighty hrnrd of flame, no that it pawed glaring 

headland that looks down upon the Saronic frith, 

ted down until it reached Ike Arnclmn-nn height, 

aring port of olwcrvution, and thereupon to this 

l Pmiin word, which Symmoin trniwlatci by fitafttU. ■ 
for ■ mniiltry tanner, urnirli h.ii been natuialiinl in Kih 
lioal inntilui'inii in ilrwrilml by Xrno]<boii, Cvn>i>. VIII. 0, 
iotu*. V11I. Oa — Oi.n Than.lvtiok. 
lunrutatnri : untt vuriaui wenu to compel u* to toko 






[ bdD| takcu puairclj. 



" (to UnwooJ). There l» • 



C'n. To liif «n mU, i»iv (puvn ! I will make prayer 
but I couM wi>li to hear ami to admire cmv more, 
the.-e tilling a> (lion t el lot them. 

Ci.vr. On 1 1 1 i — mtv il.-iv the Oreeks niv in no: 
Troy: I tliink that a ili^conlaul clamor ks loud in ll 
you pour into the Nunc vessel both vinegar ami oi 
pronounce that they are focmen, and not friends. JS 
hoar tiic voices of the captured and the conquer* 
Qxwauso of] a double result ; for the one party ha 
nlKMit (he corpses of men, both those of brothers, ni 
tliosc of their aged parentis nrc bewailing, from a 1 
is no longer free, the death of those that were desire: 
Hut the oilier party, on the contrary is hungry, fa 
roaming all the night utter the battle arranging a 
such things as the city furnishes, by no fixed law 
tribtition, but as each hath drawn the lot of fortunes 
arc they dwelling in the captured houses of the Trc 
from the frost beneath the sky, and from the dews 
they, poor wretches, 1 sleep the whole night throuj 
sentries. And if they reverence well the tutelary g 
land which they have conquered, and the fanes o 
assuredly, after having been captors, they shall nc 
turn become captives. But let no lust first fall upoi 
of making havoc of things forbidden, overcome by It 
in order to a safe return, thev must turn back tl 



106 AGAMEMNON. [344— 37a 

cono of thoac slain might awake in the [minds of the] gods, 
even though fresh mischances should not befall them. Such 
words thou mayest hear from me n woman. But may tho 
good prevail, so that we may see it in no wavering balance ; 
lor I have received in this an enjoyment of many blessings. 

Ciu My queen, thou sjieakoa sciwibly like a prudent man ; 
and I, having heard thy sure tokens, prepare myself to mako 
fitting addresses to the gods ; since no inglorious reword of our 
toils hath been achieved. 

[Erit Clytemnkstoa. 

sovereign Jove, and friendly night, possessor of mighty 
glories, and that didxt fling a close net over the towers of 
Troy, so that neither old nor young could overleap the vast 
toil of slavery, all-ensnaring banc. 1 I therefore revere tho 
mighty Xcnian Jove, that hath accomplished these things, that 
bent his how aforetime against Paris, in such wise that the 
shaft might not idly descend either l>cforc the proper moment, 
or above the stars. 2 They have to say that they feel the stroke 
of Jove. This wo may trace out exactly, lie hath fared ac- 
cording M he hath wrought. 3 Some one denied that the gods 
deigned to have the care of mortals, by whom the honor of hal- 
lowed things might be trampled on. 1 Not holy was he ; and it 
is upon the descendants of those who were breathing forth, 
more violently than just, a war which they ought not to have 

1 It teems much more. spirited to take utijc iravaluTov in apposition 
with dov?*ia( (although Pollux in against thin view): yuy-^a/tov (which 
Sewcll retains in his version) docs not seem to imply more than ortyavbv 
iUrvov in v. 358. 

1 After all the explanations of this difficult passage, I have ventured on 
a new one. The simple vrrb ok^tttu is evcrv where in .ICschylus used 
intransitively, cf. v. 30H— 310; Prom. 749; Sept. c. Th. 420; and I do 
not see why wo should not take it in thin sense, especially as it is com- 
monly used of tho descent of the. thunder-holt. We may join J/?/tdiov 
CKij*l>eitv, tho former word expressing the consequence of tho stroko de- 
scending either brfnre or beyond its mark (sec Linwood. s. uorpov). 
*Ywtp uorpuv can only ho a proverbial phrase, denoting excessive distance, 

Srobably derived from the temporary vanishing of objects shot to a great 
isiance. Respecting biruc uv—jtut as that, sco Uiomticld, and Jclf, Gk. 
Cr. 4 810 

• i. f. Paris. This change from txovot is a customary cnallage, partic- 
vlarty when the speaker proceeds from tho general remark to tjio indi- 
vidual instance (see Diomf. Pers. 000). 

• WomJwUl thinks then is an o/iusion to Diagorot, Ita ^foYuua tita* 



375—113.) AGAMEMNON. 107 

dared, while tlicir dwellings were terming beyond nil measure, 
beyond wliiil if Ik*!. 1 -Hut may nn untroubled lot bo mine, so 
as for ii man well <lif|M>Koil in disjHisitiun !o have sufficient 
strength. 1 Kur there id no bulwark in wealth against destrue- 
lion to the man who, in llic wantonness of tiis heart, lina 
spurned (lie great nliar of Justice: hut wretched Persuasion, 
intolerable daughter of Ate, joint in her councils,' forces him 
on i and remedy is utterly vain. Guilt is not concealed, hut U 
conspicuous, a light of lurid glare ; mid like adulterate, brass is 
]>rovi'd blai-k-in-grained liy wear, and by uttritiou, when n boy 
pursues a hini ti]K>ii the wing, bringing upon his country a blow 
beyuuil all endurance. And not one of (he gods lends un car 
to hit orisons, hut sweeps away the unrighteous that hath con- 
cerned himself witli these doings. Such loo was l'nris, wlien 
lie eanic to llic niausioii of the Atreida', and profaned the hos- 
pitable board by the abduction of a wife. And she, leaving 
citizens shield- bearers, and the discomfiture of spears,, und 
naval armaments, ami bearing to Ilion destruction as her dow- 
ry, passed swiftly through tin; gates, having dared umlnniblo- 
deeds : and much did the hards' of llic house lament as they 
Inld this ditty. "Alas! alas! for the palace and the chiefs; 
nlasl for the couch, and the footsteps of her who once loved 
her spouse.* lie Stands by silent," dishonored, Uttering no 

1 There MTnui link hope of making any lliiiig of lliii passags, and I 
■hmilil prefer lllmalirkl'i twislalinn. I liaee, however, followed ScwcH 
ami KlauHCtl i" l:ikiu<; f'jj.irop'r (ralher Uy'iwr) lo mean "per poslc- 
row," which, though intolerably harsh, In better than mipponinj! that <rt- 
Qmmt ran l*c ihc plural : Imt ilijn, i» nnly tlir leaser of two cvili. Din- 
ilorfttiya the iiafnajjc in hitrrpolnlr-i] lmt lie ilwu not trll u« how. Pc» 
Ii-iji* «f shoulil connect these Hurt]* with llir preeciline. awl read cbat- 
,ti,f llium-rni, mil )tWf, «. r, X. — "lint lie ii allium forth no pioua man, 
Imt «f iln- race." eic. i'- ( >Vu aim appear* corrupt. 

1 i. <■ lo lie al.le lo inert the force of circumstance*. See Polcy. 

' Sec Scwell ami Coniiicton. 

* I liavu used " harde," an containing' the two lenio of rrjxi^rai. Scb 

■ llnr^i- won Ii! more elegantly render " llic footitepi of her who fo]- 

* 1 rr.vl nith ilriimiin.n, ;,",(■ .... iTInmf ihrm'iiiv, Wrh; with Her- 
mann ami .Vivrll. The ilc(Vc>.r» nftlm f oiiinnin rern!iii[», lately proponed, 
are l.eneaih notice. BloailVW irulv remark- that .typtrur a the mid- 
Mr i<.i,e, l.ut 1 .lo not «re how llial'fT-t involves any difficulty. May it 
ngt purposely bo lined to ihjnify t\m tetlhng e\opement of Helen I I h»re 



108 AGAMEMNON. (413—111 

reproaeli, not liclir-ving that he uces. her eloped. And in 
yearning nAcr her beyond the m-iv, it phantom will worn in nilo 
the bouse, and the beauty of fair-formed vlnluiit is loathed by 
her hiubnnd, nnd in tlie unfed glance 1 of liii eves nil (heir 
lorclincai j muses away. And melancholy visions, np|>cni'ing in 
dntun*, present themselves, bringing n vain delight; for vnin 
it in when any one wonting to we blct>xiiigs, the vision having 
■lipped through his hand*, passes nwny forthwith on the pin- 
ion* that laekcy on tlio path* of sleep." These, indeed, are, 
i nt tlio lieiirlh,* within the mansion, but there nro 
surpassing those. And universally Iteenuso of the 
heroes who went together fi-om the hind nf Hollas, the wmw 
of n patient tt|>ir!t from the families of each in plainly ob- 
•ervable- Many things of n truth touch thorn to the core ; for 
those whom any one sent forth, he know*, hut, instead of men, 
u ma nnd nslies conic lmrk to the dwelling* of each. And 
Alans I'nU Imrter* Ibr gold their liodies, and that holds the bal- 
ance in the tug of llic S|icars, scuds to their frit nils sonic frag- 
ment of scorched duct from llion, a thing of bitter tears, fill- 
ing the vnsca with light 11 allies instead of the ninn. And they 

■Mil ■ word of the tamo force in the Inundation. TIiuh Euripides, Iph. 
Aal. 78, says. Ipuv //sjoiik v\tr' iiavui>saoaf. 

* Then scans «»iirtbm)r tctj harsh in Manclaus being made the Que- 
pm in this puu{C, and I regret Ilial Cwiington should licit have preferred 
bOoming hi* own la-lr, instead of Hie tameless defense of llto common 
reading proposcil by others. Tlie sight of n beautiful imago wnulil recall 
the memory af Helen lo her husband, 1ml his sight was not fed with the 
real presence of a loved ohjcci : rijegi-iun; mum refer lo the eyes of Men- 
riaos. Ifwe remember the dcacriptinii nf [phigpniiTi death, wo shall not 
be surprised ai biding the Miilplnr'i srl mode o niedium of pathos. Con- 
tagion s translation of a-ii-i 'A^mlira is uiineeoimlnlile. In connection 
with his own itles of I he jiANsagr, tic ini^-lil have derived something mors 
poetical from Knr. Hipp !"•-.') . Acliill. Tuliim, VI p. U7S. for other il- 
histrslions see Uoyca, and compare King John 111. 4 : 
Grief nils the room up of my nWi.t child, 
Ijcs in hii bed, walks up and down with mo ; 
Puis on his pretty IooIib. repeats liis words. 
Remembers ine of all his gracious parts, 
Stuffs out his vacant garments with his dim — " 
■ And Ion 1. 8.— When (hou art cone — the light of our life quench'd— 
Haunting like sprclres of departed joy 
The homo where thou wen dearest ! 
» tMfrM. 1 Differ, hos-eter, (he reading proposed, bj nunXiu, tUHr 
rmr, wUi Stwell, Unwood, mud others. 



AflAMKMXUN. 



; llicy iintine ono ns (■killed in fi^lit nml nunllicr (w Im 
I.-M pliirluiinlj- iuhM ll.o nininjp-, in Wli-ilf i.f in ' 



The 



: IK) 






„ mU-i 



.■ mutter. Ami 



Anil otli- 
erc m-ound llit! wall*, occupy tomb* in tho 

11 fta-lnm] mIii-oikIm tlicm nit its ilwcllore. 
of tho citizens iii-i-nni|rni)ictl hy wrath, mid 

of it curs'- nil i I iri J by llic (Kiijilo. Amt 
wnilinjj In hear wmii'lliing wni|* in nijrht- 

g(lll.1 1111' HOI IV^iinlll-NI III' llllH*! til lit DCC.l- 

f: mill tin* black Ki'iiiii.vi'H in liini>, niliici] 
in tlml ix fori limit 11 wiiluint rijdi liim?! !<■»«, 
i-luiii'i mul Hit- |KHvcr of liim tlml live* 

c|iui-ition in n will tiling; iiir tin- lluuuk-r- 
.inclii'il iigiiinsl his eye*"' Imt I ]»vlcr linn- 
[lincss live from envy. Aluy 1 unvr In; it wicker of cilic>>, lior 
yet inyncll" it ciijitivo niny 1 new my life under tlic control of 
others. Hill by tin' tin- Hull l>riii»s {-lad tilling it swift m- 
nior ia nervnilin;; the. city — bill who known whether it \kj 
true? 1 or nhiic delusion of the pink" Who in mi childish, or 
hi'ivft of judgment, tin, nflcr li-ivinj* liecii warmed in lieitrt by 
thi! recent tilling of the liciii'ou-lijjhl, lo ilcs-xmil nt a cliangQ 
of news.? It li ia n woman's wit ; to nek now ledge n Ikmui bcfnra 
it has ii|i{K'iiri'il. Tlio fcninlc ncx, ovcrci-cdulous, rouges witli 
rapid slcji; Imt glory tlmt ilrpciHul on it woman's proclama- 
tions, iicrifliun in it hliort-IivoJ futc. 



jfillllU* VCXIll 

crs, fiiirof fi 
land uf llioi 



ly gloom. For ilu 
m»u great »luuglil< 
to iiWiirily Ih.' in 
l.y a-rrvoM of f. 
mining 1 1 io olwnll' 

h.lt from Jove Mr 



n JVi 



C fills' P nZ 



of Rcwril nml Cnnington 



o nil 



■' fr.nii lln' t ;n> hi" Ji»i 
■I. Jhirj-.'ii'r.'.-111-i M 
4-atcJ l.y J^Lwcli. 



I if uk/i'i *Oooi/C, 
.}, alllitnigh, wilh 



• I ban- ilill.nvnl lMiutorf* cm <■ mini ion (« 
itiwlf. 1 prefer Siiiilry'. r/f oiiW. u mi tie, 

!i,'l:i--hi|i. aarcrr. Willi .Siimirv. 

1 TIiit cuin no iiarallcl jii'tliiH pamMigc m CWph. f.3f>; but I liove 

luli-ntl ai.iyifi 1= «/(,". pooiO an cloudy to Eiijjli.h iiolioim an t could. 



110 AOAMEMNOX. [IBS— H3 

Jle-tn/er Clvtkmxkhtiea, 

Quietly shall WO know concerning I In* Mini >M(iim of llio 
light-touring lamp*, of the bcncon-lighls mid the lire, whether 
llicy wore true, or whether this delightful light liath come, 
■ml, after the manner of tlrcunis, mocked our mind*. I ho 
this lie mid here, coining from tho shore, oYi>hmlt,wcd with 
liouglis of olive; mid tho thirsty dust, kin-sister of mud, of 
tlie sumo joke, bears witness to nic of thin, that neither voice- 
lews nor by the smoke, of lire, lighting up for you n llunio of 
■nonnlnin-wood, lie will tmike si-nude, ]tut ho will cither. 
proclaim our joy to yon more fully — for the tiding* that am 
otherwise, I deprecate — for oh 1 limy a good sequel conic to 
the good things tlutt huvo n|i|ie;ircd. 

Cti. Whosoever, in this mutter, prays otherwise for this our 
dty, may lio himself reap the fruit of his soul's trespass. 
J&trr IIkuauk 

1 father-land of the soil 1 of Argots in this the light of the 
tenth year nni I arrived, mustering one only lio-w?, with many 
broken down. For never dnml 1 think thut, dying, 1 should 
shore n buritd dearest to mc in this Aigivc hind. Now huil 
to thee, eounlty mine, and Imil to Ihee light of [he sun, iind to 
thec O Jove, supreme giid of the realm, and to the Pythian 
king, thnt no longer with thy bow dost launch thy shafts 
■gainst us. Enough unliivoring coincst- thou by Sciimiiiidcr ; 
but now in turn bo thou our Ktvior, and freer from our con- 
tests, 3 and I address both all the god* of bnltlc and my patron 
Mercury, beloved herald, herald's glory, and the heroes (hut 
sent us forth, that they may kindly welcome bark again the 
residue of tho host that lias esra]>ed t tic spear. O halls of our 
kings, dear roofs! and awful judgment-scut, and ye divinities 
tlutt face tho sun, if ever in the olden times yo did with 
these your bright eyes receive with honorable greeting our 
sovereign after his long absence ; for king Agamemnon is 
come, bringing a light in darkness common to you anil to all 

■ I h«« teniurr J to transpose the sense of oroof (mil ^Oovof . 

* But read yaff urupainc . Sop 1'alcy. 

* Diptlorf, howrvrr, prefer* tolling wiTayuvior for Kal jsrajwviof, not 
dtravuvisf. An anonvmoii* critic in Srliolfipld'n notes prnpo»ri 'at 
wmiunot, wb>li Palev and Coninglnn linvc admitted, and supported with 
good UuU. The common tailing miptil easily remit from ihu Unit Una. 
Im confirmation of too conjecture, cf. Soph., Qjd. 'I jt. \61. 



624- -5-10] AGAMEMNON. Ill 

thcrto aMcmblcd. But greet him well (and sooth 'lis fitting 
*o), him that luith overturned Troy with tho tpmlo of avenging 
Jove with which the plain hath been tilled. Their ultare ure 
demolished and the shrine* of their gud» and tho aced of all 
the land huth utterly pcritflied* Having Hung such a yoko 
over Troy, tho elder royal son of At reus, a happy man, iiath 
arrived and most deserving to be honored is ho of tho mortal* 
of this day : for neither Paris nor his accomplice-city boasts 
that their deed wsis greater than their suffering. 1 For, cost 
in the penalty of abduction und thi«t, ho both lost his gage 3 
and mowed down to the very earth in utter destruction the 
house of his father : and tho children of Priam havo paid a 
double penalty. 

Cu. Joy to thee, Herald of tho host of tho Argivcs. 

Iluit. I feel joy ; and no longer do I refuso tho gods to die. 

Cu. Did love of this thy father-land train thee? 

] licit. Ay, so that mine eyes swim with tears of joy. . 

Cu. Ye were then smitten with this pleasant malady. 

11 Kit. How? learning [from thee] I shall master this speech. 9 

Cu. As being smitten with love for them who loved thee 
in turn. 

11 icit. Say*st thou that this country longed for the army 
which longed for it? 

Cu. Yes, so that full oft I sighed from my saddened soul. 

Unit. Whence came this dcs*i>onding horror on the people f 4 

Cu. Long since have I considered silence as on antidote to 
mischief. 

II Kit. And how didst thou fear any 5 when tho chiefs were 
absent ? 



1 Cf. Chocph. 313, Sputtavrt naOciv. 

* So Scwcll. Sec Conington's note. I have followed D loin Acid's 
reading, avruxOov* vi\ with Dindorf and Conington. Palcy scarcely 
•howu hi« acciiKtomcd good tamo in tltiH passage. 

3 Head True At} ; with Schutz and Dindorf. 

* So Wrllaucr, which is Ii.tmU, and rcaminahlv objected to by Coning- 
ton. Hut llic long nolo of the latter elegant neliolar ban only confirmed 
my opinion of the utter corruptness of the common reading, Eir.pcr pro- 
poiiCH <f>i>ci>ui>, which Dindorf approver. I myself fancy that wo should 
simply read, nvOtv to dvofpov tovt* tirt/v arvyue (hateful thing, or grief) 
fyxioov. 

* I would read nvti for nvue. Tho c aroso from tho tsrmination of 
tho next lino. I sco no need for altering tho punctuation. 



US AGAMEMNON. [6S0— 6M 

Cn. Even an thou saiilst just now, and to have died were 
mtUc-r of great thanks.' 

1 1 rat. Yea, for we have fwrcd well. But this in n long timo 
one might nay that some things full out well, but others on tlie 
contrary are open to eomphuiit ; for who, save the gods, is 
free from suffering throughout nil time for evermore 7 For 
were I to tell our hardships, and our bad lodgments, our op- 
proarltra [lo the uliurv] iiil'm|ucuL mid ill-bedded — nnd in 
what part of the dny wens wo not sighing, ns not having met 
with our portion V And then ngiun thu ills on shore were 
oilded, more loathly still: for our beds were hard by the walls 
of our foes: and from the sky and from the soil the meadow- 
dews drizzled on us, a deep rankling destruction to our gar- 
ments making our hair shaggy. And wore any one (o describe 
the winter, death lo birds, how intolerable the snow of Idn 
mode it, or the suit rim' 1 **, when ocean, having sunk upon his 
noon-tide couch unrullk-d by n breeze, slumbered' without a 
ripple. What nerd is there to grieve over thmT the toil iH 
past — past loo with the dead is even the thought about ever 
hereafter rising. Why need one lake exact nccount of those 
that fell, and why should the survivor feel sorrowed on account 
of adverse Imp 1 ? I deem it good to bid n long farewell to nits- 
fortunes. Willi us, the remnant of the host of the Avgives, 
the advantage preponderates, the suffering counterpoises not: 
wherefore it is fair for us, Hying over sen and land, to mako 
our boast to this light of the sun. "The armament of tho 
Greeks, lutviug M lenglli cuplured Troy, lmvu lixed these spoils 
as a glory to the ancient shrine 1 of the gods throughout 
Greece." Those that hear such tidings must glorify our eiiy and 
our commanders; nnd the favor of Jove, which halh brought 
this lo paw, sliall lie honored. Thou ho»l lay whole tale. 

Cn. I do not deny licit I am overcome by thy tidings ; for 
to the aged there is ever youth enough to learn.* 'Tin natural 

not coiutrue) fail* to 
eavmnce ma that Una pannajjo n correct. 

' For similar metaphor., cf. Wrrimlorf on Himrriu.. F.I. XIII. 4 5, 
Bnfter on Akinliron, I. Epi«. I, Jacob, on Arliiii. Tat. [>. OSH. 

* 1 fallow Ponwn's rending, with UlumfcUl ami Dhulorf. Cunii.yton't 
•nptuuuon of i^uie* <■ nut KUinlactorv 

* Cocupaio the wntitnent of Solon in Plato, Amalotci, p. E>, ^. cum 
SckoL tUluk, p. «», \mi„r. Max. YUI. It, extern. 



"«WWB»"WH 



686—612] AGAMEMNON. 113 

that these things most of all concern the house and Clytcmnca- 
tra, and that they at the same time make me rich. 

Elittr ClATKMN'KSTUA. 

Ix>ng since, in truth, I rnitied the jocuml riiout through tie- 
light, when the iiret mighty incftfcuger of lire arrived, tell- 
ing of the capture und overthrow of Jlion. And tome ono 
chiding me mid, "Dost thou, pereuodiHl by lieacon-lightB, think 
tliat Troy lm* now Invn wicked "J Verily it in like n woman 
to l>o much elated in heart." By words like these I wan 
made to ocelli in error. 1 NcvcrthclcM 1 went on merit icing ; 
and, by a woman's edict, ono and another, in different places 
throughout the city, ruined aloud a nhout of joy, ]>o tiring forth 
a hallowed song in the dwelling of the god*, while they lulled 
the fragrant incensc-fed flame. And now what need \» there 
for thee to say more to me? From the. king himnelf I nhall 
hour the whole tale. ' And I will hu>to to welcome buck 
my revered lord on his return as well as I poasibly can : 
for what day is more delightful for a woman to behold than 
this, to throw open the gates to a husband returning from 
warfare, when a god hath kept him safe? licar thou this 
message to my husband, that he come with all speed, desired 
by the city. And may ho coining find a loyal consort in his 
house, just as he left her, a watch-dog of his home attached 
to him, a foe to the ill disposed, and in all other points alike, 
not having destroyed one single seal in the course of long time. 
I know not delight nor slanderous report from another man 
any more than brass does of dyeing.'* 1 

[Ju.it Clytemnestha. 



1 Thi* is* surely more correct than •' I wan bewildered ;" although 
ir?.ayrnr might ln\-ir that hciihc, hut for t^atitift^v. See Palcy. 

' Coniiiaton han carefully digcutcd and coiiKidcrcd the explanation* 
usually given to thin curiouM compar'nton. I think that chtitltty in tho 
virtue tli.it CIvtcmncHtra would arregatc to herself, and that the allusion 
is to the metal in itn pure "virgin" Htale, before it wan Hiibjcctcd to tho 
proeeHM of flitting mid tempering. x a/Ji *K* h^ aifolpnc* l * often UMcd aa 
n generic term, and may well refer to the metals lined in tho formation 
of weapons. Compare Much Ado about Nothing, IV. 1 : 

If I know more of any man alive, 

Thau that which maiden modevty doth warranty 

Lot all my Minn lack mercy. 



114 AGAMEMNON. [613— «3S 

IIeu. Such a boast as thin, fraught with truth, 1 is not un- 
seemly for n high-born dniuc to ultcr. 

Cii. Thim luith she riiokcn, as beseems* a clear inter- 
preter, to you that lcani. l>ut do thou tell rue, Ilcraldl I 
•ksk about Mend a us, whether ho too reluming and preserved 
will coma back along with you, a chicftaiu beloved by this 
land.' 

lira. I can not tell pleasant falsehoods, that my friends can 
enjoy for our length of time 

Cil How llien mightcst thou, while telling good thing*, 
tell true?' But 'tis full plain that these two things are sev- 
ered. 

lira. The mnn is vanished from the Grecian armament, 
himself and vessel : I tell no falsehood. 

Cii. Was it when ho was pulling to sea from Ilion before 
TOOT eyes, or did a tempest, a common banc, tear him away 
from the host T 

lira, lliou host hit the mark like n capital archer, and 
bast expressed in liricf n long sorrow. 

Cii. Was a rumor bruited by the rest of the mariners that 
be survived or had perished? 

IIeu. No one knows, so ns to report clearly except the sjin 
that nurtures cnrth*s nature. 

Cii. Why I How dost thou sny that the tempest came upon 
the naval armament, and ended through the wrath of heaven I s 

Amd WnUet'* Talc, III. 3 : 

If one jol beyond 

The bound of honor, or in act or will, 
That way inclining, hnnkn'd W llio hcarti 
Of ill thai hear me, and my ncar'*l of km 
Cry, Vie ! upon my grave ! 
■ Doyei quote* Plaut. Amphil. II. S, £03 acq. ; 
Alc. — Mortali* nemo corpus corporc eontigit, 

Quo mc inipudicain facf-rcl. Sob. — N«r Uta, (cdrpot) 



* Con mif 6%? uv admit of our trnimlaiing, " would thai (hou might* 

• ruf belong* to t?J)ttv, to which oai^ovuii thru refer*. TtnaifTimu 
Ms up the description = ■■ tell ui from beginning to end." 



\ 



630—673.] AGAMEMNON. 115 

IIkh. It is not seemly to sully with a tongue of evil tidings 
nu auspicious duy. The honor of the gods in distinct. 1 Hut 
when ii messenger with doleful countenance brings to n city 
sufferings of ii defeated finny to bo deprecated — lluit one public 
wound luis befallen [lie stale nuil that many iiirn out of many 
families have been devoted- to the double scourge wliicli Man 
lotos — a doubly-speurod calamity, » gory yoke — well in good 
truth does it Lk lit one Hint is laden with such sufferings to utter 
this hymn of lite Kuries j but a glad messenger of saved for- 
t u non coming (oncily that iscxidring in prosperity — liow shall 
I dash good news with ill, while I toll of the tetupest that fell 
upon the Greeks, not frco froui heaven's wrath 1 for firo and 
Ben, of old most deadly foes, conspired together, and proved 
thoir faithful plight, destroying the hapless nrninmcnt of the 
Greeks. And in the night, dii-o terrors of tho waves worn 
aroused. For Tlirw-iati blasts dashed the ships one against tlto 
other ; and they, violently struck by the beaks of other veweb 
through I ho whirlwind's rage, along with ill in- lashed surge, dis- 
appeared under the whirling steerage, of an evil shepherd. J Hut 
when the brilliant light of the sun arose, wo behold tho JEqcaa 
deep blossoming with the corpses of Grecian men and wrecks 
of vessels. For us, indeed, and our vessel undamaged in her 
hull, some god stole us away or begged us off 1 seizing our helm. 
And Savior Fortune took her seat, managing our vessel, so 
tli at we neither encountered the swell of waves nt our anchor- 
age, nor dashed on the rocky strand. And hnving escaped a 
watery grave, in a white-dawning clay, not crediting our for- 
tune, we beguiled in anxious thoughts the recent mishap of 
our host worn out, and evilly crushed in ruin. And now, if 
any of thotit is still breathing, they talk of us as perished — why 
should they not? we too funey that they have met the eamo 

1 Tills lie si strniB to menu tlinl tlic rejoicings due to tho god* for lira 
h»j>[iy cvruiK ought not lo lw dinUirbcd by mourning. I scarcely under* 
tCiiul Cmiin^iun's vrrKion. V.'c mum rrmcrnlicr that nil marks of sorrow 
were aliKDlntely interdicted at certain festival*, in the true ajiirit of King 
Keijiiil, in llii* il.'imlilcr. 

■ See 1'rili-'* unit', and the discursive, but entertaining treatise of Lo- 
mi'ii'i. tic lu-lrniiipiiiliu-, t) XXII. 

M'f..Virc. .En. i. lift, -.en., with Dr la Tenia* r. 



130 AGAMEMNON. [674—718. 

fat**'* lhrtbc it u best it may. For Mcnclnus, therefore, ex- 
pect t lint Ik will arrive first and above, nil ; for if any rny of 
the Man knows that he lives and sees, through (lie plans of 
-JoV" *-lwl luiih not yet willed to utterly destroy (lie race, tlicro 
£» ««**»«; bojMj Hint lii! will come again to his home. Having 
beatf 1 * thus mucli, know tliut thou bust heard the truth. 3 

[hlrit IIki:au>. 

Ciiobcb, Who then did name thus truthfully in ull points — 

^ tf ji ** one whom wo sec not, successfully guiding his (onguo 

is foreknowledge of destiny? Helen 11 the bride of llio Siienr 

susa the object of strife* since, fitly (styled) a hell to sliiiia, 

t» hell to men, a hell to cities ; did she sail away from her 

Aunty woven tapestries' with the breeze, of eurtli-bom 

Zepbyr: nod many liuu'tMuen, equipped with bucklers, [sailed] 

■n the direction of the vanished track of onrs, mul brought 

that barks to bud nt the woodland bunks of Siniois, liecniiso 

of the bloody quarrel, Twns Wrutli who accomplishes Iter 

psnpcscs, that brought to lliori a "cnrc"* correctly nimicd, 

averaging nt a late season the dishonor of the bonnl, and of 

Jon, guardian of the hearth, punishing them who loudly 

- "cowed the mnrringe song, which then befell llio nii[)liul 

P°*ty to sing. But the l'riani's ancient city, now taught 

■noHicr song, is wailing, 1 ween, in loud lament calling l'nrh 

the iu-weiklcil, linving all the time before" led n life of many 

bunenw, because of the hapless blood of her inhabit mils. 

Erai thus a man bath reared a lion a pest to his bouse, unfed 

'GIJEu. J. 9l» t«. 

TW ittorwho had plnvcJ Tnllhvliiu* now rotimi 10 ilrr>i for the part 
•fApawmnon. 8rc Mui'icr, Kiimcmdra, p. 103, where llio tail ofchnr- 
aWBi is the different plays in clevrrly (liven. 

' Oi Uw fctalitm in renpert to name". see Stanley. I have followed 
yil mhtoti in rrmlerine flic prrscnl quibble, which (a* Uoyes, p. 17, 
^**>)kual leut the aanction of ngra. He quotes G. Pcclc's Edward 1, ! 
Sweet Hilt*, mirarlc of nature's hanil ; 
Hell in thy name, but heaven i* in tliy look*. 
Caajon Cynibeline, V. 5, *ub fin. 
* Head r'/.oTir with Hcalh, an J tr}.a<lvruv, the old rending. So Palcy 



*1W an— Uw ben word lo eiprcn the double meaning of >?/dof, 
MBpjag rither rtltiamtkip or trouble. 

4 li/irpmof i, Hernunn'i conjecture, in received by the later editors ; 
tat **aa then I doubt whether tbo passage is sound. 



445—487 ] 



AGAMEMNON. 



100 



si«:h as they prnfo one a* skilled in fight awl mother ** hav- 
ing fallon gloriously miimI tho earnitfp, in behalf of another** 
wife. These thing* does many n one in silence mutter* Awl 
jealous vexation creep* upon the chieftain Atridic. 1 And oth- 
er*, fair of form, there nround the walls, occupy tomb* in tlio 
land of Ilion ; ami a foodnnd shroud* then as it* dwellcm 
Bitter in the rumor of tho dtiaens accompanied bjr wrath, and 
it pays the debt as of a curie* ratified by tho pcoplo. And 
my anxious enro is wailing to hear something wrapt in night- 
ly gloom. For the gods ore not rvganlless of tlioso thai oeca> 
sion great slaughter s and tlio black Krinnyes in time, reduco 
to obscurity the man thai is fortunate witlwut righteousness^ 
by a' reverse of furl line; mid tiro power of him that live* 
among the oliscure is nought. Now for a man to Intro an 
exceedingly 1 high reputation is n sad thing} for the thunder- 
bolt from Jove is launched against his eyes; 1 hot 1 prefer hap- 
piness free from envy. Iklny 1 never bo a sackcr of ritics, nor 
yet myself n captive may I see my life under tlio control of 
others. But by the fire tlmt brings glad tidings a swift ru- 
mor is pervading the city— but who knows whether it ho 
true? 5 or some delusion of the gods. 6 Who is so childish, or 
bereft of judgment, as, after having been warmed in heart by 
tho recent tidings of the beacon-light, to despond at a chango 
of news ? It fits n woman's wit 7 to acknowledge a boon beforo 
it has appeared. Tho female sex, ovcrcrcdulous, ranges with 
rapid step ; but glory that depends on a woman 9 ! procJama-. 
tious, perishes in a short-lived fate. 

1 irpoAtKotc. See Pcilc. 

* .See l'aley, and compare tho paraphrase* of Sewoll and Coningtim. 
I do not think Agamemnon ahoulri lio mm t toned, but merely hinted si. 

' Sec Lin wood. Dindorf rightly prefer* Pearson's conjecture, Hnp. 
«o;rfc>f, with Dlomfiehl. 

* KI.uimmi takes ?>oootc as referring to Jove. But what writer would 
uno uamnc AuAkv to mean " from tlio cyo of Jovo ?" I havo no doubt 
that tho pannage in cornipl. J3urgo* reads fluXXtrai d* «*/A *Osvff» 
which ha* been partly anticipated by Lobcck. 

* Sec DiiKlorpH note. 

9 1 have followed Dindorf*s emendation (aeo his notes), although, with 
himHcIf, I prefer Stanley's tic oldev, el rot 0ci6v iariv y V»vftoe ; tho com- 
mon reading neems untenable. Syinniona, whoae taato is fuier than his 
scholarship, agrectt with Stanley. 

7 There itecint no iiarallol in this passage to Chocph. 630; but I ha** 
rendered aixi l Q (= tage, paint) aa closely to English notions as 1 could. 






118 AGAMEMNON. [765-307. 

from 1 light, the unconquerable fiend unhallowed Daring in the 
hall* of black Ate-, like to it* parent*. But .Justice beam* in 
smoky cottage* and honor* the holy life: and leaving, with 
averted eye*,. gilded prosperity with impurity of hand}*, she is 
wont to draw nigh to holiness, not honoring the ]x>wcr of 
wealth when falsely stamped with praise, and she directs every 
thing toward the issue. 

[Aoaxemkon enter*) accontjKinkd by Cassandka, in a 

Come, O king! sacker of Troy, offspring of Atreus, how 
shall I greet thee, how shall I do thee reverence, so as neither 
to overstep nor to fall short of the due meed of u fleet ion V 
Jklnny among mortal* prefer the semblance of good while they 
transgress justice. And to si^h over him that is in adversity 
every one is ready, but the gnawing of sorrow reaches not to 
their heart. And with a like appearance they unite in tho 
joy of others, forcing their unsmiling countenance*, Hut who- 
well knows his flock, 1 it is not possible that the eye* of a 
who seems from kindly feeling to fawn in watery friend- 
liness should escape him. Thou too, at that time when fitting 
forth the armament in Helen** cause (for I will not conceal it 
from thee), wast [to my eyes] portrayed most grncelessly, and 
m» ill guiding the helm of thy thoughts in forcing on men 
doomed to die a constrained valor. JJut now to us who havo 
ended (their toils) the labor seems to have been in good 
will (as we confess), not from light impulse, nor without 
friendly disposition.* And in time, after thorough inquiry, , 

1 With Scwcll I have followed CaHsaubnn's conjecture, anuTav % not 
beeauM I am persuaded of its correct iicm, hut because it invohrs less 
alteration than any other conjecture* as yet proponed, none of which seem 
mmte. 

* Conington wai anticipated in this rendering by tho Oxford translator, 
of which he seems unaware. 

* Pcrliaps this may somewhat illustrate tho difficult passage in v. 3G5 
4 t. c. who can discern characters. 

* I have paraphrased, rather than translated, these lines. Klauscn's 
int e rpr e t ation is rightly condemned by Peilc ; but I have some tniKgivinjrs 
mm to whether the words ovk Jt' unpac 0/>f»of, oviY ti^'/.uf really refer 
to the feelings of the Chorus, and should not rather be said of Agamcm- 

Thc connection of the sense seems to require this. *' Before thou 

bring this expedition to a close, thou secmedst unwise ; but now, 

you have succeeded, your labor seems to have becu ouo of no light 




808—637.] AGAMEMNON. 1 1 Q 

thou wilt know both him of the citizen* that linth jnrtly, 
and him that hath unduly administered the nlFuini of tho 
city. 

Ac am. First of all it is right to salute Argos and the gods 
of the himl that wore joint author* of my return, and of tho 
redress whieh I exacted from the city of Priam : for the gcnls, 
not hearing our plea from the tongue, Hung without hesitation 
into the gory vase their ballots, tho destruction of II ion fatal 
to men. and o*er the opposite uni that was not filled by tho 
hand IIojm? hovered. Ami now, Mill tho city by its smoke 
shows evidently that it law been captured. The storms of A to 
arc alive ; and tho emliens dying along with the city, send 
forth rich exhalations of wealth. For these thing* it behoove* 
us to repay ever mindful gratitude to the poils; si nee wc both 
formed for ourselves 1 a proud gin of conquest, and in a 
woman's cause the Argivo monster hath leveled the city with 
the dust — the young of the horse, the host c<iuip|>ed with 
shield, that leaped a furious hound, about the vetting of t) c 
IMeiades,- and the ravening lion springing over the towers )y. ih 
lapped his till of princely blood. To the gods have I lengthened 
out this my prelude, but iu regard to thy feeling 1 rcracinlier 
to lia\o heard it ; and I say the same things, and thou hast mo 
for thy fellow pleader. For to few men is this congenial, to 
honor without jealousy a friend in pros]>crity ; for malignant 
venom having nettled upon his heart double's the jMuns of tho 
man diseased: he is l>oth weighed down by his own sufferings, 
mid sighs as ho looks upon the happiness of another* 1 will 

impure, but o( genuine kiiulnrHH." The opposition Ik- t wren oW efl rrpa~ 
TTi'l.u' tiiana and owe utt* uk/mc tyici'tfc, *ccm* to confirm this view of the 
pannage. 

1 Paley elegantly reads t<ppa$u/iraO<i (the common rending will hardly 
boar the mciiho asu^ncd it); but Conington prefer* Tyrwhitt's emendation, 
,\«/>!r«)a>. I think iho mention of tho Trojan borne, which was literally 
a Niiare, confirmM tho common reading, if wo admit Palry's correction of 
the verb. The semie of vnrpKnxovc (which I read with Heath and Din- 
dorf). m applied to tho Trojan horse, may bo illustrated from Tryphiodo* 
rus.321-- 

•Eiwr to d* a?o?.or 1mro{ <lp7j'i<pi?.ovf iirl /fo/iot)?, 
Kvdiouv vxipo7r?.a— 

And Virgil's 

11 Ilia subit, uiedivque minans illabitur urbi." 

* t. c. about tho end of autumn. Sec Stanley's learned nose. 



^smmm 



ISO AGAMEMNON. [888-871 

amy so from experience— for well do I kn ow that thaw who 

professed to be kindly in the extreme to mo were but tlio mero 

laoking*$taas of friendship, shadow of n sliadc. And Ulysses 

alone, wbo sailed against his will, once yoked wia to ino a 

ready yoke-fellow. 1 Thin do I say, whether 1 am speaking of 

one thai is dead or living: for the rest, as concerns tlio city 

and the gods, wo will deliberate having appointed a public 

debate in full assembly; and measures must be taken that 

is well nay remain permanently. And also, whatsoever 

fa need of liealing remedies, cither cauterising it, or 

with kindly intent, we will endeavor to turn ostdo tho 

pain of the disorder. Hut now, having entered my halls, and 

the ■■anion of my hearth, I will first of all greet tho gods, 

\ who as they have sent me forth, have brought mo back again. 

And may victory, since slie hath attended me, remain firmly 

with me. 

Reenter Ciatcmkkstra. 
.Heal Citizens! ye oklcrs of Argos present here, 9 I am not 
asl *med to tell you my fond feelings for my spouse— in course 
of taro baslifulness dies away in men : not having learned 
from Ok .il will describo my own insupportable life, during 
the whok long time that this [my lord] was beneath tho walls 
of Uion. First of all, it is dreadful evil for a woman to sit des- 
'obUe in he** dwelling without her mate, hearing many ndverso 
tidings, how that one messenger has come, and another is 
bringing news in addition of another evil worse than tho 
[formcrj evil, proclaiming them to tho house. And had this 
my husband met with as many wounds as report conveyed 
to his home, he would have been pierced more full [of 
holes'] than a net, so to say. And had he died as talcs were 
rile, i faith he might have boasted that he a second Gcryon 
had received a mighty three-fold vest of earth, above ground, 
lor I forsooth speak not of that licncath the earth— dying onco 
bk each form. 3 By reason of such cross rumors did others 

1 8es Stanley*! note. Blomfield quotes, *' You and tour coach-fellow 
HvaT— from tho Merry Wive, of \\ indeor, II. 2. 

• Compare Othello, 1. 3 : 

* Moat potent, grave, and reverend iiignion !" 

• Paley and Contagion (the latter of whom is somewhat ingenious in 
ate nets) hate followed Dlomfield in putting a stop after Ar>w, instead of 

l ift tV * This, ea the whole, ocemi the aimpleat way of treating the 



\ 



875—008.] AGAMEMNON. 

loosen forcibly many noose* from my neck (fiistenc 
Aloft, having Heixed u|Km me. 1 lleiuv, for thin rca 
boy OivMo*, the warrant of our mutual troth, Mantis 1 
at my Hide as* he tdiould have done; nor marvel thou 
for our kind ejiear-jzuetft Strophiu* the 1'hociun in 
him, who forewarned mo of two-told niitfrhiei*— bot 
own peril lienentli the walla of Troy, mid tat ]>c 
home public buna of unarehy might overthrow the 
»iuec it i» inborn in mortal* to *purn Iho rather li 
full*: Hiieli excuse, believe me, brings no wile, 
indeed, the gushing fountain* of my weeping ha\ 
exhausted, not even a drop in left. I bear too n 
of mine eye*, late eloped in plumber, licwailing th 
kept burning for thy Kike ever unheeded: 3 and 
dream* I was awakened by the light flitting of the 
gnat, peeing more Millering* liefull thee 3 than could 
have happened during my time of deep. 4 Now hav 
dured all the.«*e horror*, 1 will, with a aoul not sorrow i 
this my husband, a watch -dog of the fold*, a Having 
hi ay of the ship, a foundation pillar of the lofty roof, 
child to parent, a land that hath npj>eared to mariners 
their ho|H's, a day most fair to look upon after ten 
gushing rill to a thirsty wayfarer. 9 And delightful 

passage, although I confess that Sy i unions' remarks show con 
taste. Sec liny on, p. 24. 

1 I understand 1/iiin with }.r?.n/iftrvrtc. uvuOrv may either 1 
with O.vtrai; or with ////>; eV/»»/r, which I prefer, supplying son 
as in Virgil's " trabo ncctit ah nltu," which Coninglou aptly c 
PcrhapK Kftr/taarifC may he understood, an in Soph. Antig. 13: 
may compare the "ad exitium suMtmatus" of Apul. Met. I. p. 
Klin. Clytcmncstra appears to have contrived her suicide with 
regard to her own safely that distinguished Mr. Mantalini's si 
tempts. 

1 .There is great hcauty in this idea, and I agree with Coning 
the "light in the lonely toiccr, in Clylemiicstra's chamber, but 
her while all others arc at rent," is far more jioctirul than any i 
to the beacon lights. Some similar, hut not parallel ideas, will 
ia Pscudo-Musrus, 133 «ctj. 25G Hcq. 

1 •• Quando ego non liuiui graviora pericula vcris V*— Ovid, H 

* See IVtlc. 

* The following lieautiful parapliraso is given in the Quarterly 

Faithful — as dog, tho lonely shepherd's pride, 
True — as tho helm, tho bark's protecting guide, 







-aped from oil constraint. With such Bniucotior-- tbtu, \, 

as these, do I lionor him. But bo envy far nwny ; for many ■ ' 
■re the previous ilia wo linvo endured. And now I pmy tlico 
':-:.-.. .1 one, step forth fruoi out tliia enr, not plaining on 
tha bum ground, my liege, thy foot tunt trod down I lion. 
Sliujcij, why do yo dcluy, on whom bath been imposed Uio 
cbarga of strewing tho surface of Uto way with tnpcttryf 
Let a urplc-strnwn pnlh bo miulo forthwith, iliftt Justice inny 
xuhet in into kia unlooked-for homo. 1 And for the rest my 
care, not ovcreomo by ■lumbering, shall by favor of tho gods - 
onkr fight wbnt hath been decreed, 

Aoajl Daughter of Lcda, guardian of my dwelling, thou 
bast -j.Ju» suitably to my absence, for thou Unit eked out 
Uiy greeting to a great length: but to praise becomingly, this 
nonor must come from others. And for Uio rent, pumper 
mo not after tin) fashions of women, nor ns though I wcro a - 
barhariB moanrcii, gupe-out to mo mi outcry of ciirth-jirtvtnito 
.:......[•]: nor nrnka my jhiIIi obnoxious to tho evil eye by 

strewing it with vestments. With these indeed it is fining to 
bonor ibo gods; but for ona llwt ib a mortal to wulk on 
■ ■■...-. Icred purple, is for mo by no means frca from dread; 
Z bid line- reverence mo as n mnn, not a god. Without enr- 
:■.(!,.. and gay fineries my famo e |K'nks clenrly forth ; and lo 
bo free from evil thought* is God's bent gift. Hut we should 
call him lioppy tlmt has cmk-d his life in beloved prosper- 
ity. 1 And if I skull faro 3 thus in all things, I shall bo of good 



' Ctrr. And yot my not thus ngsiinst my fimcy, 
^ AcaJl. Itcst assured tluit I will not spoil my resolution. 
! J.j ■».*■ ■ Fino— «* lbs shaft that pro|w tlic lowering dmite, 
I *' '-• "' Bweet — lo *lii|>wrn;k'il Knnicii land slid home, 
j V • ■ '■***'* — ss cliikl, a panrnt'i mlu delight, 
I »■ ** KadUnl — ■■ worn that brcalti a iloriny night, 

I { - ' ' Gmtrfal— ss ulrrani*, llial in lome deep recce* 
I I*- ■■ 'VYilhiilLa unboji'd Uio panting litnolcrlil™, 
*• . I* as that links with mine his chain of life, 

NsSMS himavir lofd, and deigns to call mo wife. 
* I prefer taking irXmv with iW/ia. Clylciiincelm, uinr. 913, 
* aSSSSS dsfkJj.U hint « her dciidlv piir|io«o. 

' * For taia ■entiment are BIwhIh-IJ, and Snph. Truth, inlt. 
' IsSS ill — listed with Cenington's defrnoe of the nptatiTowilh (land 
I aV, Sad Ikoak that Bailer and Dindorf liave Kltlrd the question of read- 
tag ■si ' iisi y i i i'. hley sppesrs to gi»c irineeoyu an sclivs sense. 



U33— 968.] AGAMEMNON. 123 



Ci.yt. Didst thou pruy to tlio gods, fearing that thou 

would'st uct thus in this fioiiit? 1 

Auam. If ever iiiiiii did, bo Hiiro tlmt I have with perfect 
knowledge uttered this iw mv liuul decision. 

Ci.yt. Ami what thinkest thou l'riuin would Imvo done, hud 
ho achieved (hi* triumph? 

A <jam. 1 thiuk in truth ho would havo Btolkcd upon cm* 
broii lory. 

(J i at. Do not now Maud in awe of the censure of men. 

Ac am. Via sure lit ull events the voice of populur chunor 
has mighty |>ower. 

Ci.yt. Ay, but ho that is not envied is not worthy of ad- 
miral ion. 

A(jam. Truly, His not a woman's duty to bo fond of con- 
test. 

Ci.yt. Yet surely in the blest even to yield is l>ccoming. 

A<tAM. Ami dost thou value the victor}' in this strife T 

Ci.yt. Yield thee; give me the victory cheerfully. 

A(i am. Well, if thou wilt have it so, let some one loom 
quickly my sandals, that do service to the treading of my foot, 
lost some envy from the eyes of the gods afar smite mo us I 
trample in these sca-graiued vestments, for 'tis great shame to 
waste my substance, by sailing with my feet my wealth, and 
tissues bought with silver. Thus much for this; but do thou 
with kindness conduct within this stranger maid: God from 
afar graciously regards him that is mild in victory. For no 
one willingly submits to the yoke of shivery, liut she, choice 
i lower of many possessions, gift of the army, hath accompanied 
me. Since then I have been reduced to submit to thee in 
this, I will go into the halls of my palace, treading on purple. 

Ci.yt. There is a sea — and who shall drain it? — that breeds 
the drops of abundant purple, worth its weight in silver, con- 
stantly renewed, the dye of vestments. To thy house, O king, 
belongs good store of these by the gods' gifts, and thy dwell- 
ing knows not a want [of them]. I would have vowed tho 
trampling of many vestments, had it been enjoined mo in tho 
prophetic shrines when I was planning ransoms for this lifo 
of thine. For while the root exists, foliage springs in tho 

1 It in letter to remove tho nolo of interrogation. Sco Conington and 
I Vile 



124 AGAMEMNON. [967—1003 

house extending over them a shade against the clog Sirius; 
and when thou content to tlio hearth of thy home, thou show* 
est to us a warmth that comes in winter. But when Jupiter 
b making wine from the pour grapes, there is coolness even 
then in the house, when the master of a family revisits his 
own abode. O iJovc, Jove, that crowncst all, hring my pray- 
ers to pass, and be it thy concern whatsoever thou ait ubout 
to bring to pass. 

Exeunt Clyiemxestra and Aoamkmnon, Cassandra being 

left tct'Ui the chorus. 1 

Cii. Why o'er me doth this terror steadily hover close to 
my portent-boding heart, and in an unbought unbidden strain 
plays prophet, nor doth well-assured confidence take scat upon 
my heart's dear throne, after rejecting this like dreams hard 
of interpretation? Ix>ng is the time since the naval arma- 
ment with their cables cast firmly into the sandy shore, lan- 
guished away, 3 when it was seeding to I lion. And 1 learn 
their return from my eyes, being myself my own witness. 
And yet, notwithstanding this, my soul within me, self-taught, 
is cliaunting the lament of an Krinnys unaccompanied by the 
lyre, in nought ]Mis*cssin<; the dear confidence of hope. And 
my bosom tells no idle talc, my heart being whirled in eddies 
by just thoughts that have fulfillment. Hut I pray that those, 
beyond my hope, may turn out to be false, so as to come to 
no fuliillmeut. For verily the limit of abundant health is insa- 

1 Probably standing in an attitude of silent grief, as \vc may supposo 
the captive Iolc, in Soph. Trach. 323. This eloquent silence wan a fa- 
voritc "point** with *Lschylus. who is ridiculed fur it by Aristophanes, 
Ran. Oil — 13. Much might he done by the actor's silent expression, 
notwithstanding the length of silence imposed by the ensuing dialogue. 
A somewhat similar dilliculty is entailed upon the impersonation of 
Christopher Sly, in tho •' Taming of the .Shrew." 

• I read fvve/i : }a?.aic \j>a/i/itac uktu^ Trapr/ilrioev, with Wellauer ; hut I 
can not conceive whence Conington, and some other translators, havo 
got the notion that it was at their departure from Greece, not on their 
arrival at Troy, that the army suffered thus. The stoppages at Aulis, 
and under the walls of Troy, arc evidently meant. In other respects, 
Conington*s view is confirmed hy the tragedians, and by Dion. ChrysosL 
Or. II. p. 80, and Apuleius dc lieo Soer. 4 19. I remember u similar pas- 
ta Dictys Cretensis. but have not the beok at hand. 



1003— 104G] AGAMEMNON. 125 

tiahlc. 1 For calamity proves upon it a clo*c-ai\joiiiing neigh- 

Uir, and a maii'ii destiny • • • holding on in n stniightfor- 
w; i nl c<un>o, ii« apt to da>h ii]mn nn iiiinvii reef. And if ti- 
Tiiiitiiy Slin-r away a |>art, with a \vcll-inca*urcd cart of the 
hiiug, in di-fcin* 1 of it* wealth ill |K**m4oii, the entire fabric 
Mi»ks not, teeming too full of woe, nor *Ioe* it make the bnrk to 
founder. Orion, in tooth, an ample boon from Jove, and from 
tin* yearly furi'ows, ipicD* the ]tniig* of famine. Hut who run 
rceall by charms a man** black dcnlh->hcd blood, when once 
it lias fallen on the ground U-fore [hi** feet J f Otherwit>e Jove 
would no I have put an end to the leech- tlmt knew the right 
way to bring bark the departed iulonafcty. And if Fate or- 
dained by the gods did not prevent my fate 1 availing more, my 
heart, having outstripped my tongue, would have ]K>urcd forth 
the tale; but now it 1110:1118 beneath the gloom, KUil grieving, 
and entertaining no farther ho|ie of ever unraveling any thing 
boa^onable, while my mind is kindled with inward iluiue. 

C1.YTKMNKSTKA (rc-CHhrwg). 

Do thou betake thynclf within toe — 1 mean thee, Cas- 
sandra; wnco dove in no wise wnithfnl hath made thee to bo 
a partaker of the luver* in our lions**, along with many slnvcs, 
placed near the altar of the god of properly; step forth from 
out this ear, and be not high-minded. For in truth they eny, 
that even Alcmcua'b son once u j Kin a time Mihmitted to lie 
H)I<1, mid against hi* will lo put his hand to the yoke. If 
then the. destiny of this condition befall any, greut is tho 
advantage of having masters of ohl-catahlishcd opulence* 
Hut they who, without having ever expected it, have reaped 
a rich hnrvcM, are l>oth stern in all things to their rinves, and 
go Ix-yoml the line. "With us you have such things us are 
regular. 1 

1 Symmons compares Hamlet, IV. 7 : 

And nothing in at a like goodness still ; 
For yoixlncHH, jrrowiii^r io a pleurisy, 
Dies in his own too much. 

* -ftsculapius. Cf. Pindar Pyth. III. 98, quoted l»y Paler. 

3 SymmoiiH, whom I follow, takes ftolpn to mean "the superior fate In 
tho hands of heaven," jmipav for the fateful boding* of the Chorus* own 
mind (ko Conington). I am not quite satisfied, and could better under- 
stand those verses in the mouth of Cassandra than of the Chorus, 

* Compare the encouraging remarks of Mrs. Bonibaiinc, llambler, No. 



Jj0 AGAMEMNON. [1047— 107B. 

Clk To ibce she leave* off speaking clear words, nnd now 
that thou nrt within the toils of destiny, yield thee, if thou 
canst yield ; but pcrchuncc iliou mnyest bo unyielding. 

Ci.rr. ltut if she bo not, like a swallow, endowed with nn 
unintelligible barbaric voice, sneaking to her mind I nm pcr- 
Muutiug Iter with my speech. 

Cn. {to Caaandra). Follow her ; she rays what is best for 
thee of tltc things that arc at present in thy power ; yield tlicc, 
■nil leave this thy scat in the car. 

Clyt. Nay, I have no time to linger here with her outside 
the door, for the sheep arc already standing ready for tho sac- 
rifice of lite fire of the central hearth, inasmuch as we never 
hoped to have this joy ; ami if thou wilt do aught of this my 
bidding, delay not. Hut if, not understanding, thou apprc- 
hondost not my speech, do thou, instead of voice signify it to 
B>e with thy barbaric hand. 

[CLYTEirXESTH.v endritivrn, Ay trarin/j her hand, to tiinlr Cas- 
e ak tin a understand that tfie should go into the jio/uce. 

Cn. The stranger seems to stand in need of a clear inter 
prefer: and Iter behavior is as ofn wild beast newly taken. 

Ci.vr. Ay, surely she is raving, and lends an car to evil 
thoughts, she Hint hnth come here after leaving a city newly 
token ; and she knows not how to benr the bit, before that sh 
foams away her bloody mettle : in truth I'll not submit to b 
insulted in wasting more [words]. 

[Cl.YTKMKKSTKA goes in. 

Cil But I, for I pity thee, will not bo angry with tbec. 
Come, wretched one, having left this ear empty, submitting to 
this thy doom, hansel the yoke. 

Cas. Wool' woe] O gods I earth 1 OApollol Apollo! 

Cn. Why sayest thou. Woo 1 forLoxiasf for he is not such 
[a god] as to have a mourner. 

Cab. Wool woe! Ogodsl O earth! Apollo! Apollo! 

Cn. She with ill-omened outcry is again invoking tho god 
not suited to stand by in waitings. 



> 



1080-1116.] AGAMEMNON. 127 

Cab. Apollo! Apollo! AguicusI 1 Apollo mine! for thou 
hast without difficulty destroyed ino the second time. 

Cit. She seems to lie upon the point of divining, touching 
her own ill*. Divinution remains oven in the mind of a 
slave. 

Cas. Apollo 1 Apollo! AguicusI destroyer mino! all! 
whither canst thou huvo brought mot to what kind of 
dwelling? 

Cu. To that of the Atrcidrc: if thou pcrceivest not this, I 
toll it thee, and thou shalt not pronounco this to bo a false- 
hood. 

Cas. A godless one, then, privy to many murderous hor- 
rors of kin on kin, and halters, 2 a human shambles, and a drip- 
ping floor. 

(J u. Tho stranger maiden seems to bo keen-scented, like a 
hound, and to l>c peeking whose blood she may discover. 

Cas. For I trust to these testimonies hero before mo; these 
balx's here, licwniling tho butchery, and their roasted flesh 
eaten by their parents. 

Cu. Verily we had heard of thy renown as a prophetess; 
but wo seek not for prophets. 

Cas. Alas! alas! O gods, what is it that one is designing; 
what is this new great sorrow, a great horror that ono is de- 
signing in this dwelling — past the endurance of friends, beyond 
all remedy ; hut help stands far aloof. 

Or. I am unskilled in these prophetic boding* — but those I 
underhand, for the whole city bruits them. 

Cas. Alas ! wretched woman ! for thou wilt perpetrate this, 
having made thy lord, the partner of thy lied, sleek with tho 
bath: how shall I tell the issue? for quickly shall this tako 
place; and hand after hand is she stretching forth and 
clutching. 

Cu. Nor yet do I understand thee; for now I am bewil- 
dered by oracles obscure with their riddling strain. 

Cas. I la! faugh! faugh! what appears here? Is it some 
net of Hades ? But its closed snaro is the partner of a bed, tho 

1 t. r. my destroyer. On tho epithet u^vturtfc »co Blotnficld, and 
Mitchell on AriHioph. Veap. 876. 

' Seo Dimlorf. Tho asymlctn, nml hrenk in tho construction, well ex- 
press iho emotion of tho maniac prophetess. 



128 AGAMEMNON. [1116—1101 

accomplice in tho murder: and let tlio ungluttcd choir yell 
aver the race, because of tho murder that deserves stoning. 

Cii. What kind of Erinnys is this that thou nrt summoning 
to sound her trumpet -blast over the house? thy words cheer 
mo not: and to my heart has run the drop of saffron dye, 
which also, in the lost hour of man, keeps pace with the rays 
of tho setting sun of life. But calamity comes on apace. 

Cab. Ah! ah! lo there! lo there! keep the bull from tho 
cow; liaving caught him witli his black horns in robes t>y a 
stratagem, slie is smiting him ; and he falls in tho brimming 
lavcr. 1 tell thee of tho fortuno of tho stealthy-murdering cal- 
dron. 

Cii. I can not boast of being a sharp judge of weird words, 
but I liken these to some misfortune. And from weird words 
what good tidings nro sent to mortals? by means of weird- 
song wordy lore brings evil terror [for us] to learn. 

Cas, Alas! nla*! ill-fated hap of miserable me! for I blend 
my own woe [with hi*], and lament. To what purj>ot*c was it 
that thou didst bring me hither? to uono whatever, but that I 
should die with thee; how not? 

Cii. Thou art a maniac possessed; and touching thyscli 
dost wail a strain unmusical, like a dun nightingale insatiate of 
song, alas! in her w ret died soul bewailing ltys, ltys, through 
her life thick-teeming with woes. 

Cab. Alas for the fate of the clear-voiced nightingale ! for 
the gods invested her with a winded form, and a delightful 
life, free from lamentations; but mo there awaits a cleaving 
blow with a two-edged axe. 

Cii. AVhcncc hast thou ungovernable woes, bursting impetu- 
ously on thee, with wanderings of speech, 1 and sent by tho 
gods? and whence is it that thou modclcst in song thy horrors 
with dismal-omened outcry, and at the same time with shrill- 
sounding lays? whence dost thou ken tho ill-boding boundaries 
of the prophetic path ? 

Cas. Alas for the nuptials, the nuptials of Paris, destrnctivo 
to his friends ! alas for my native waters of Scamander I Then 
indeed on thy banks I, wretched, throve in my rearing; but 
now beside the Cocytus, and on tho banks of Acheron, it seems 
thai I must speedily chaunt my prophecies. 

1 Suck ■ccmn tho full meaning of /iarcuouf. 



1101 — 1101.} AGAMEMNON. 129 

Oi. Wlmt is (his but loo distinct saying thou liast uttered? 
a child might understand it. Ami I inn stricken beneath with 
a murderous pnnjr, while thou plaintively wnilcst in thy sad- 
sorrowing lot, wonders for me to hear. 

Cas. Alus for the su tic rings, the Buttering* , of my city tluU 
hath utterly perished) Alus for the sacrifices of my sire in 
bclmlf of his towers, slaughterers of many pasturing cattle I 
hut no remedy sufficed to prevent its suffering, even iih it now 
lie*. I too, with soul ou fire, shall speedily fling myaclf on the 
ground. 

Cu. These words hast thou uttered in unison witli thoso 
liefore thenu Ami sumo evil-thinking god falling u|K>n thee 
heavily, makes thee ehaunt sufferings, lamentable, deadly. Uut 
for the issue I am at a loss. 

C\s. Nay, but the oraele no longer shall be peering forth 
from a veil 1 ailer the manner of a new-married bride; but 
clear it seems it will come, blowing toward the rising of the 
sun, so that a woe mueh greater than this will, like a wave, 
dash up against the light. And no longer will 1 instruct thco 
by means of enigmas. And do you, coursing with me, bear 
witness how I scent the track of evils wrought of old. For a 
choir that sings in concert, not sweetly (for 'tis not of good they 
sing), never at any time leaves this induce here liefore us. And 
truly, having quailed human blood, so as to riot more, a revel 
of sister Furies abides in the house, hard to be sent forth: and 
as they cit on the house-top they hymn a hymn, 3 tho ancestral 

1 Sec Blomficld. Conington's version is rather inconsistent : 

44 Ay, but the oracle no more shall peer 
Out from his veil, as 'twere a new-wed bride: 
No ; clear I see him rushing — " 

* With these splendid porKnuificatioiiH of domestic superstition^ com- 
pare Scott's description of llrian, Lady of the i«akc, III. 7. 

M I*.itc had he hoard, in prophet's dream, 
Tho fatal hon-Khic'n boding *croam ; 
Sound**, too, had come in midnight blast, 
Of charging Ktccds, careering fast 
Along lien harrow's shingly side, 
Where mortal horseman ne'er might rid* ; 
• • • • 

All augured ill to Alpine's line. 
He girt his loins, and came to show 
The signals of impending woo." 

V2 



BBtSBwnHunB •_ — »_ 



ISO AGAMEMNON. [11M-1SS1 



; and they In turn loatho tbo brothers couch, deadly la 

him that trampled on it. Did I miff, or hunt I like Mine 
archer T or am I a lying, street-door, bubbling witch t Testi- 
fy to me, after first making oath that I accurately know the 
aadeat iniquities of the palace. 

On. And how can oath, a pledge honorably pledged, 1 heal 
the mischief! Hut I marvel at thee, that, bred beyond the 
•eat thou shouldst succeed in speaking to a city of strange 
tongue, just as if thou hadst been present. 

Cas. The proplict Apollo appointed mo to this office. 
Cil What I was he, a god, smitten with a ponton for yout 
Cas. Heretofore I was asliamed to tell this tale. 9 
Cu. Ay, lor every ono tlmt is very prosperous grows deli- 
cate. 

Cas. But he was an eager suitor, breathing strong love for 

Cu. Did you even meet in wedlock? 

Cas. Having consented, I deceived him. 

Cu. Wast thou already possessed of inspired lore? 

Cas. I was even then predicting all their sufferings to my 
countrymen. 

• Cil How then wast thou unscathed by tlie wrath of 
Z^ndosT 

Cas. I used to win no one's credence in any thing, after I 
bad committed this trespass. 

Cu. Yet to us at nil events thou scemest to utter things 
worthy of belief. 

Hoi hoi alas! alas I oh miseries! again tho dread 
of true prophecy is racking me, troubling me with the 
preluding* of predictions. See ye these infants sitting here on 
the palace, liko to the phantom* of dreams t children just as 
if they had perished by the hands of their friends — their 
hands crammed with the meat of their own flesh ; and they 
stand forth holding their bowels along with their entrails, a 
piteous mess, of which their father tasted. 9 For this, I tell 

1 1 prefer following Porson and Dindorf, in reading irfyfia-iratvvioc, 
•o gnrmg, with Conington, a *cnte to )wo/«f, that it can not bear. 

■I transpose these line* with all tho modern editor*. Clausen does 
sjst sasrit consideration. 

• Csaapara Titus Andronicus, V. 3. 

"Why, there they aro both, baked in that pie ; 



r^i—r-UT.] 



AGAMEMNON. 



131 



you, that a craven lion, wallowing in bis loir, haunting his 
home, ah mc ! is plotting rctriloition for him that in returned 
—my mauler ; for 1 must need* bear the, yoko of slavery. Ami 
the coiniuaiitlcr of tho ships, and tho ovcrturncr of Ilion, knows 
not what things tho tongue of the hateful bitch having uttered, 
and prolonged with fair-securing purpose, like Ate lurking in 
secret, will obtain with evil success. Such horrors doth sha 
dare ; a woman is the murderer of a man. 1 What hateful 
monster may 1 rightly coll hert on aniphishomn, or a Scylla 
that dwclU among the rocks, tho pest of mariners 9 vessels* a 
raving dam of 1 fades, ami breathing to her friends a truccloss 
curno T J And how she, full of all dnring y sliouted over him, 
like as in tho turn of tho fight 1 Yet slio feigns that oho re- 
joices in tho safety of his return. And 9 tis all ono if I con- 
vince you nought of tliesc things ; for what matters it T That 
which will bo will come, Thou too, present there, shalt pity- 
ing pronounce me but too true a prophetess, 9 

Ch. Tho banquet of Thycstcs on his children's flesh I un- 
derstand, and I shudder at it ; and tenor p ossesses mo whilo I 
hear it truly told, in nothing feigned i but when I hear tho 
rest 1 lose the track. 

Cad. 1 say that thou shalt witness tho death of 



non. 
Ch. Wretch 1 lull thy ill-omened tongue in silcne*** 

Whereof their mother daintily hath led, 
Eating tho flesh that she herself hath bred.* 

And tho ditty of tho Scotch Ilya : 

" Pipnety pow 9 my mannnie me alow, 
And daddy mo ate, my sister Kate 
Gathered a' my baines— n 

Seneca, Agam. 1, 1, 37 : 

" A fratro vincar lihcribus plcnus tribes 
In mo scpultis : viscera exedi mea." 

1 Correct Dindorfs punctuation. 

1 I Uiink tho common reading for more redierdU than the ^^ftfffjiwi 

• Compare Richard tho Third, 1. 3. 

" Oh ! but remember thia another day, 
When ho shall split thy very heart with sorrow ; 
And say, poor Margaret was a prophetess.** 

4 This is pcrhapa the easiest way of translating tho full force ofcUsuaeo 

toijit/oov. 



132 AGAMEMNON. [1348—1280. 

Cas. But the god of healing presides not over this declara- 
tion. 

Ch. No, if indeed it is to be ; but never may it be I 

Cas. Thou prnyest indeed — but murder is their care. 

Cn. By whut man is this sad deed 1 prepared? 

Cas. Verily, thou must havo very much overlooked my or* * 
•clcs. 

Cn. Like enough, for I understand not tho device of the oc- 
complishcr. 

Cas. And yet verily I know the Grecian language too 
well.' 

Cii. Yes, and tho Pythian oracles, and yet they are hard to 
understand. 

Cas. Ah me ! what a fire is that ! and it comes upon me 1 
Woe I woe! Lyca*an Apollo, ah me! ah me! this biped lioness, 
that lay down with a wolf in tho absence of the generous 
lion, will slay me, wretched woman ; and as though she were 
compounding poison sho will add my prioo to her wrath. 3 
She boasts, while site whets tho blade for her husband, that 
sho will exact his murder as a punishment for having brough f 
me hither. Why then do I retain those mockeries of in)' sol! 
my wands and my prophetic wreaths al>oul my neck] [Sk 
tears ainitf hrr chiplcU, ami cast a than on the y round,'] I will 
destroy you before my own doom. (Jo fall into destruction ' 
•—thus will I rid myself of you ; enrich soino other maiden 
with calamities 1 in my room. Jx>, too, AjmjIIo himself strip- 
ping mo of my oracular venture 1 and having beheld me even 
in this array, idly laughed to scorn among* my friends, by my 
Iocs with no changing of tho scale ! I poor, wretched, dying 
of starvation, bore to bo called vagrant, like a bogging gipsy. 
And now the prophet, having avenged himself on his prophetess, 
hath brought me to these deadly woes. And, in place of my 
sire's altar, a butcher's block awaits me, cut down, a hot recking 
victim. Yet, verily, wo shall not at all events die un honored 
of tho gods, For there shall come, hereafter another avenger 

1 I still prefer uyof. 

9 I follow Palrjr ami Coniiigton. Scwcll ami others rend tnioraoai. 

9 1. 1. mingle mv death among the ingredients of hor fury. 

4 I read «r?r with IVilo and Conington. 

• fitrb U obviously corrupt. Hermann reads jiiya, which Conington 



1201—13011.] AGAMEMNON. 133 

of our niiifto, a matricidnl scion, avenger of his sire. And he, 
a wandering exile, estranged from this land, slmll return to 
place the roping-Ptoiie ii|hhi this curse for his friend*; for a 
mighty oath ha* bwn sworn by the god*, 1 tluil the prod rut o 
corps*' of hi* dead father shall bring him buck. Why truly do 
I wail here by the house, r*itice 1 lintt saw the city of I lion far- 
ing a* it has fared, and they who captured the city cotno oA* 
thu* according to the judgment of the gods; 1 will go und do 
[my part], I will dare to die; and 1 accost these gutcti of 
J lades, and I make iny prayer that I limy receive n niortui 
blow, that without a struggle, whilo iny blood in cosy deutli 
Hows away, I may close mine eyes.' 4 

Cu. O woman most wretched und most wise, to a profit 
length hast thou s|M>kcn. But if thou tndy kuowest thiuo own 
doom, how is it that thou stcpi»cst with good courage to tho 
altar, like a heifer led by heaven ? 

Cam. There is no escape, strangers, nothing in to be gained 
by tinic. :l 

Cu. Yet the last has the advantage* in time. 

Cas. TliijH day ha* arrived ; 'tis little J shall gain by flight. 

C'u. iU) sure, thou hast stout resolution in thy undaunted 
spirit. 

Cas. Yet to die gloriously is mi rely a gratification to a 
mortal. 

I'll, No one hears these sentiments from the happy. 4 

Cas. Alas, my sire, for thee mid for thy noble children I 
[S/tc dart* Intel', m the ajyuwc/wn the r/orir.] 

Cn. "What is the matter? what terror turns thee away? 

Cas. Knugh ! faugh ! 

Cu. Why criest thou, faugh! unless thcro bo something 
which thy heart loathes? 

Cas. The palnco reeks with blood-dripping murder. 

1 Thin lino has been rightly transposed by Hermann, who in followed 
b>* <dl modern editor*, and hy'Dindorf in liin note*. Wo iiiunt of course 
rrml tiinv with the vuljrutr. 

1 (*(. Soph. Aj. 8113, ni|i|. for a rtimilnr prnycr. 

* We hud lu'Ht rrml ,\y w '"V *>#*«» with I'.uivv. I enn not ngrro with 
Coninjrtoii, in considering tho common rending equivalent to tho muiio 
■en no. 

4 All tho editors, except Conington, liavo rightly followed Heath in 
transposing these lines. 



IfcattMa 



1$4 AGAMEMNON. [1310—1388. 

Cn. How snycst thou t this is the smell of victims at tho 
fourth. 

Cah. Tin plainly like a fume from the prove. 

Cn. No Syrian luxury art thou describing in the house, 

Cas. liut 1 will go to shriek over iny own destiny and that 
of Apimcninon ulso within the pulace. Enough of life. A lap, 
atrungens! Yet do 1 not vainly quail in terror, like a hird at 
a I mill. 1 Do ye bear this testimony to ino dying, when a 
woman sliall perish for me a woman, and a man shall fall for 
one tliat was ill mated. These boons I claim from you as on 
the point of death. 

Cn. Wretched one, I pity thee for thy predicted doom. 

Cas. Yet once more do 1 wish to utter a s]>cech, or mino 
own dirge. 3 Ami (looking upon) liin light for the hint time, I 
pray the sun, ii|K>n my hnted murderers, that they may at tho 
name time pay the penalty for a slave, that dies an easy victim, 
to my avenger* their murderers. a Alan for the condition of 
mortals! them when prosperous a shadow may overturn; but 

1 Medwin refers to Henry tho Sixth, 3d part, V. fi. 
" The hint that hath l>rrii litnrtl in a hush. 
With trembling wings uiisdoubtcth every twig.*' 
• Scwcll's version U truly elegant : 

•• Oner, once again ; 
One word, one dirge, fain would I apeak, my own/* 
But I wish "above myKcIf'* cli<l not follow. The redundancy in Ifibv tuv 
avrT/f here •renin disagreeable, and 1 won Id rend /)u tuv git7/c. Tho 
artrfs* is upon tho fact that Cassandra, like tho fabled swan, sings her 
own dirge. 

' Such is, in substance, Palcy'a interpretation. Conington (although 
Dindorf has co nde in net 1 tho pannage as corrupt) finds no difficulty, hut 
follows Prile. Moth of them have slurred over the absurd o//ot). Klau- 
acn's Latin, which people carefully avoid translating, is as follows : " 1'rc- 
cibus, quihus solcin in ultima luce (!) invoco, imprccor (inri\ofjai stand- 
ing for two verb* with their datives o( a dilfnrrnt signification !) ultori- 
bus meis ut occisoribus invisis meis idem tolrant" (t. c. I invoke upon 
my avengers that they sulTcr the name at the hands of my slayers !). I can 
only express my conviction that lhr»e interpretations may fairly ho set 
iiidf in favor of tho following readings : 

TolotV ///o/f Ti/taupoif, 
irpoc ftrrorov owe i/?uov Karevxofiai 
/jf0/>ot)e Qovrvm roOc Ipo&c rtvtiv IfioH 
dovXtft (tavoi'-oi/r, «. r. X. 

And, for my avengers, 
I pray this sun's light, hence no more beheld— 



^ 



1328—1344.] AGAMEMNON. 135 

if tlioy Iks in advoivity, ft moistened sponge blot* out tlw pic- 
ture : and for this 1 have far greater pity than for tlmt, 

[Cassandua «#/«•** //«? jta/acf. 

Cnoitrs. To Iki thriving indeed, in Uy nature a glut lorn 
thing to all mortals ; and none will lmnixli and keep it from 
their dwelling that all point out, 1 wiying these wonl*, "Enter 
here no more." And to this otir Hovereign tho bleated guda 
have granted to capture tho city of 1'riam ; and ho returns to 
his home honored by heaven. Vet if now lie is to pay tho 
price of the bloodshed of bin predecessor**, ami dying for tho 
dead accomplish to tho full tho vengeance' 1 due for tho deaths 
of others, who among mortals that hears this talc would not 
pray to Ik) Immpii with an innocuous genius? 3 

AciAMK.MNON (fciV/iiif). MWsiuol I'm stricken a mortal blow 
within! 

Cm. 1. Hush! who is it that cries out "a blow," mortally 
wounded i 

My f«»cs may to their slayers pay the prico 
Ol me, tint dying idnvo, poor, cosy victim. 

f/Xiov is <luo to Jacobs, and in approved by Dindorf, /A'ty*uY • • • • ro^c 

n%- in WYlIaucr's conjecture, ns also t/wv lor o/iofl. For the lrnn»|MMti- 
. u of tho half lines, 1 uin myself answerable, qm well an for K(irrvx<ytai 
in lion ol'/rrrvYJ/'af. Compare C hoe ph. 88, jrwr Karn'iui/iai irar/M ; 139, 
K(iT(\\»fKu am. lium. t)"2, ut' t)u Ka7€t\\o/mi .... I Sufi t l(M*iai tynAfM,v 
u'/.iov n/ >.(/(•, which last pannage is almost conclusive ; tho same verb oc- 
cur*, but in a somewhat dillereut sense, also in Sept. c. Th. 033* and 
aUfvc, vh. 12.">0. In farther Ktipport ol' the genitive in this simple form 
cf. Soph. Aj. 8fifi. at t)\ v> <Vf/n'i7/r v/i/'/x/f .... <rf Aar. AIhcU Prom. 
91, An? Tor iravuxTi/v kvk'/.oi' i/'/.iou nu/.u. Orph. Hymn. VII. 1, doTftuv 
oijHi vii.w iFfHtv rr/'/ar /jcnywirn/.oi'yirM. 

1 Although Couiuirton defends AaKrv)oArtKT<Jt\ I KhouUl prefer follow- 
in:; all the other editors in reading A(tKTv/f>(\ciKTui' with Caftsaubou. Din- 
dorf s note in brief, but important. For the syntax in vs. 1334, cf. Sept. 
c. Th 434, A'/it'trotf o> ^uvfi yfHi/t/taaiv, rrpt}ou nu/uv, 

9 Omit (I) a i', or read dvrcKiKpaivei with Bamberger. So Dindorf and 
Couinijioii. 

3 On the presiding power nllottrd to each man at birth, cf. Pinto, Phs> 
don, <> 130; Wytt. p. 308; A. I^cm. Hep. X. p. fiSl, D., and the Platon- 
ic, Pl.jtinu* III. 4; ProcliiH on Alcib. Pr. p. 71, sip]., ihI. ; Creuxor, 
Oiympiodor. in rund. p. 20. s<pj. ; also Ccbes, Tub. p. 11, ed. .Salmon, 
Compare, for farther illustrations, Ijindcnhrogc's learned note* on Conso- 
riiuiH, $ 3. lint fortune may be meant. I can never sufficiently recom- 
mend tho comparison of Plato with tho tragedians. 



Iftm 
tion 






136 AGAMEMNON. [1*45-1371. 

Aoax. Woe's me, again ! struck with a second blow. 
Cifc *. To mo it scans, from tlio ay of tho king, that the 
deed hath been done. 1 

Cii. 3. Hut let us in some way or otlier concert unfailing 

Cil 4. I tell you what is my resolve, to summon tho towns* 
■wn hither to the palace for a rescue. 

Cii. 5. But to mo it seems best that we should, as quick as 
poanble, hurst in and detect the deed by tho fresh-dripping 
nwonL 

Cii. 6. And I agreeing in such an opinion, vote that we do 
aomething— -and high time it is tliat wc dally not. 

Cu. 7. We may see that plainly ; for tlicy are preluding, as 
though displaying signs of a tyranny over the city. 

Cil 8. Ay, for wc are tardy : a but they, trampling to the 
ground the reputation of delay, are not slumbering in hand. 

Cii. 0. I know not what plan I havo to tell you— 'tis tlto 
doer's part nl*o to tako cotuixcl. 

Cii. 10. I too am in the same state, since I am unablo to 
raise tho dead again by my words. 

Cii. 11. What! shall we prolong our lives thus submitting 
to these rulers that disgrace the house 1 

Cii. 12. Nay, 'tis beyond endurance; to die is better; for « 
-'tis a milder doom tlian tyranny. ' 

Cii. 13. Shall we augur as though tho king has perished, on 
proof* drawn from outcries? 

Cii. 14. We ought to speak of these things, having clear 
knowledge; for to guess is distinct from clearly knowing. 

Cii. 15. I am inclined on all accounts to recommend that 
wo dearly learn how Atridcs fares. 3 

■ Ob the disposition of the chorus, and tho allotting of all thews stupid 
MuUer, Eumcnidcs, p. 66, sqq., and tho notes of tho comment- 



• If we render xpovifafin; " we arc slow" it will convey a pleasing crit- 
ical as well as an undoubted truth ! at least, no reader of poctrv wi 



least, no reader of poetry will 
challenge the assertion. 

• How iEschylus came to perpetrate this absurd scene, can not easily 
be conceived. I think the fact that such stuff was written to employ the 
chorus during an interval of such excitement, is almost sufficient to prove 
last the histrionic abilities of these supernumeraries were as little to bo 
taxed, as those of modern chorus singers. Mullcr, however, Eumenides, 
L % p. 40, sq., is eloquent on their behalf. 



1378—1403.] AGAMEMNON. 137 

Enter Clytf.mnkstka. 

Though many thing* huvo been before spoken as suited the 
occasion, I shall not blush to sj>eak (ho contrary. For how 
else could one, while providing enmity for enemies, construct 
for those that seem friend* dense snares of mischief, n height 
too «reut to overleap? and this struggle of on ancient lend 
came not on mo without having lieen long since meditated, 
though certainly late. And 1 stand where 1 struck him— now 
the deed is done and over: 1 1 did it too in such n way— and 
this 1 will not deny — that he could neither escnjic nor ward off 
his doom. 1 stnko around an endless net, as if for flishes, the 
deathly treasure of a vesture. And I smile him twice, nnd 
with two groans he dropped his limbs, and on him fallen I 
add a third blow, a votive ottering to him beneath the earth, 
Hades, the guardian of the dead. Thus he gulf* away 3 his 
own soul as lie falls ; and gurgling forth the sharp gush of the 
shedded blood, he smites with black drops of gory dew mo 
that rejoiced no less than the sown [land] dot's in .love's rich 
gift ' during the travails of the ear. Since then *tis thus, oh 
ciders of Argos present here, rejoice ye, if ye can rejoice, for 
1 gloiy in the deed. And were it possible becomingly 1 to mnko 
libation over the corpse, this would Ihj justly done— full justly, 
sure, he who hath filled up a cup of so many accursed ills in 
his home, should drain it on his return. 

Cn. We marvel at thy tongue, how bold thy language is> 
thou that dost lionst in such words over thy husband. 

C'iat. Ye are trying me like a senseless woman; but T say 
with heart undaunted to you that know — and 'tis all ono 



1 * : Clytcmnestra," observes Symmons, "advances on the at ago firm in 
resolution, yet lull of horror at the deed she had hern committing, partly " 
poliloquiziit", partly addressing the chorus. Thin linn in n soliloquy, 
broken, interrupted, with long intervening pauses, and should not bo print- 
ed as it'll were in the plain continuity of narrative." 

a i'i(Hiaivri, I take with Coninglon to signify "the physical tumult nt- 
tendiug a violent death, the catching ofhrcath, and the gurgling of blood." 
The notion in well expressed hy Apulcius, Met. I. p. 108, "cum ill© im- 
petu teli prieftceata gula, voccm, immo stridorcm iiiccrtuin, per vulnus 
ciVmuleret, et spiritum rebulliret." 

3 < 'oiiiiigton and Palov. rightly avoiding the bad taste of Klauscn, have 
admitted Ponton's splendid emendation dioodory ; so also Dindorf in hit 
notes. 

* I read tt/* jroVroc, with Dlomficld. 



13a AGAMEMNON. [1403—1438. 

whether tliou wilt praise or censure — this is Agamemnon, my 
husband, and a coqwc — the deed of this right hand of mine, a 
righteous agent. Tims this tiling stands. 

Cn. What horrid jwison nourished by the earth, woman ! or 
drink coming from the flowing 1 sen, hast thou tasted, that thou 
laid on thyself this sacrifice and public curse ? 3 Thou hast cast 
him off, thou hast cut him off; and an outlaw shalt thou be, 
a fearful abhorrence to thy countrymen. 

Cltt. Now indeed thou adjudges t me to endure banishment 
from the city, and tho abhorrence of tho citizens, and public 
execrations— thou that didst formerly bring nothing against 
this man, who, making no account of her fate, as it were of 
a brute, while shccf> abounded in fleecy folds immolated his 
own daughter, the dearest to mo of my child-birth pangs, as 
A charm for the Thracian blasts. Shouldst thou not have ban- 
ished that person out of this hind, in retribution for his foul 
deeds? but now that thou hcarcst of my deeds, thou art a 
stern judge. But this I tell thee — Menace me as knowing that 
I am prepared on equal terms — that when thou hast got tho 
victory with thy hand, thou mayest rule mo; 3 but if God 
bring the contrary to puss, thou shalt, though late, be taught 
to know discretion. 

Cn. Thou art lofty in spirit, and proud things hnst thou 
uttered : thy soul is raving as under a blood-dripping fate, 4 an 
unavenged blood-clot is conspicuous on thy brow. Yet must 
thou hereafter, bereft of thy friends, atone for stroke by 
stroke. 6 

Cltt. And thou shalt hear this plea of mine oath : By tho 
perfect vengeance of my daughter, by Ate, and Krinnys, to 
whom I socrihVd this man, I expect not to tread the hall of 
Terror, so long as JKgiptht burns lire on my hearth, well- 
disposed to me as heretofore : for he is to me no small shield 
of confidence, lie lies, tho morrcr of this woxuun, tho minion 

1 Eumen, 462. fivroic ropoif. 

• i. c hart ouulc thyself a victim to public abhorrence. Sco Conington. 

• I put a comma after 6/ioiuv, following Palcy and Conington in their 
interpretation. 

• So Sewell: " A» Walh a deadly star, dripping with blood." Thia 
emi far more spirited llinu Inking ti'xv for the death of Agamemnon. 

• Compare Measure fur Measure, V. 1. 

An Angelo for a Claudio— -death for death. 



1439—1471.] AGAMEMNON. 13D 

of the Chryscids under Ilion : and she here, hi* captive and 
soothsayer, and partner of hit* lied, his faithful love, the weird 
prophrtos and sharer with hiin of the benches of the shif**. 
ihit these twain have not done deed* without a reward* For 
lie indeed [lies] thus; and she too, his love, having liko a swan 
warlnVd her last dying wail, to me she hath brought a nuptiul 
dainty dish 1 for my enjoyment. 

Si:.m. Al;us ! what doom, not of sharp extrcmo anguish, nor 
keeping to the couch, may come with speed, bringing upon 110 
the endless sleep that is forever, now that my most gracious 
guardian lias been smitten down, and after having Buttered 
much in a woman's cause? by a woman's hand too bo lost 
his life. 

Cn.'- Woe! O phrensied Helen, who alone didst work tlio 
destruction of the many, the very many lives lieneath Troy, 

Skm. Now too, thou hast perfectly accomplished by an inex- 
piable murder the memorable strifc-ltcgottcu strife which for- 
merly existed in the house, a banc to its master. 3 

Oat. Do not, afllictcd lbr these things, pray for the doom 
of death, nor divert thine indignation upon Helen, as though 
she, the inan-dest rover, as though she singly, having brought 
to an end the lives of many men, had wrought a most incura- 
ble sorrow. 

Si.m. () demon, that fa 1 lest on this dwelling, and the double 
line of Tantalus, and through women exert est a prowess match- 
ing mine, 1 that gnaws my heart. And standing over tho 

1 See Conington, who has settled thin explanation in a satisfactory 
manner. 

3 In tho division of the following versos among the ehorus, I have fol- 
lowed the popular system, sanctioned by Diiulurt' in his notes, who how* 
cvit KiipiioMCH the existence of some lacuna. 

J Thin translation is strictly according to tho common rending (retain* 
in:: oV uiu), ns explained hy Lin wood, s. v. liruvOi^rtv, Ho understand* 
! /in- with rt/.eluv and iro?.u[tvuarov, and takes re?.ciuv lirqvQiau as 
equivalent to ixtjiOtnu 6on rc/eiav chat. I howovcr prefer reading 
uztjvtlinu with Cassauhon. If wc do not retain thti, we must consider 
utfi' uviirruv as an cpexogesis to rrX. no?.. tiirrjvOinu, an explanation that, 
«m lar an I remember, has not occurred to any of tho commentators. Svm- 
moiiM in probably right in considering 1(/u\uutoc as formed with tho iio- 
meric //>/. not from line. 

* inufv^uv appears to mo to signify "too strong for my spirit to sus- 
tain." Couington's version is brilliant, but. as far as tho text goes, no 
translation. 



T 



140 AGAMEMNON. [1472—162* 

corpse in defiance of wliat is right, like an odious raven in my 
eyes, she exults to hymn her hymn. • • • 

Cut. Now him thou corrected the judgment of thy mouth 
in naming the thricc-grcat demon of this race : for through 
him is the lust for hipping blood fostered in its vitals : before 
that the old sorrow comes to an end there is fresh blood- 
shed. 

8km. Verily thou praiscst the mighty demon of this house- 
hold, dreadful in his wrath. Ala.nl alas for the horrible 
praise of calamity ever greedy 1 Woe 1 woe 1 'tis by tho will 
of Jove, cause of all, doer of all : for what is accomplished 
among mortals without Jove ? what of these things is not de- 
creed by heaven ? 

Cu. Woe! woe! My king! my king! How shall I mourn 
thee? what shall I utter from my affect ionato soul? Hut thou 
liest in this web of the spider, breathing forth thy life by an 
impious death. 

8km. Ah me! for this slave-like couch; smitten down 
by a death from a treacherous hand, with a two-edged 
weapon. 

Clyt. Thou vauntest that the deed was mine. But rcckrn 
not tliat I am the sjwusc of Agamemnon. No ! but the an- 
cient ruthless evil genius of At reus, cruel banqueter, likened to 
the wife of this dead man, hath visited him with his vengeance, 
having paid a full-grown victim for infants. 

8km. That thou art guiltless of this murder, who will testi- 
fy? How? how? yet the evil genius of his fathers might 
abet thee. And the wretched 1 wit tic-god is hurried violently 
onward in torrents of kindred blood ; making his way where 
he must give course to the clotted gore of children slain for 
food. 1 

Cu. Woe ! woe ! My king ! my king ! how shall I mourn 
tliec? Wliat shall I utter from my affectionate soul? But 
thou liest in this web of the spider breathing forth thy life by 
an impious death. 

8km. Ah me! for this slave-like couch! thou wast smitten 
down by death from a treacherous hand, with a two-edged 
weapon. 

Clyt. I do not think that a slave-like death has befallen 

1 I have eloeelv followed Conington, who, however, gives up the pa** 
SoJoi. 



1522—1567.] AGAMEMNON. 141 

him; 1 for did not lie bring insidious Atd to Ida dwelling t 
Hut as ho wrought upon my scion that was raised from him, 
lphigcuin, child much lamented, things worthy such desert* 3 
he hath .suffered ; let him not proudly vaunt himself in Hades, 
having atoned by the deuth of the sword for deeds he iirst 
wrought. 

Sim. Ilereft of counsel I am bewildered in well-concerted 
anxious thought as to which way I may betake myself, now 
the house is sinking; and 1 dread the 4 lashing of the gory 
shower that saps the dwelling, and it no longer falls in drops. 
And destiny for another deed of ill is whetting vengeance on 
other whetstones. 

('it. Woe! Oh earth, earth! would that thou hudst re- 
ceived ine before I had liclicld this [my king] stretched on 
lowly floor of the silver-sided bath. Who shall bury him? 
who shall lament him? Wilt thou dare to do this, after hav- 
ing murdered thine own husband — to pour the loud wail over 
his lite, wrongfully to perform ti graceless graco iu atonement 
for thy bold deeds P 

Skm. And who, pronouncing with tears the funeral 
panegyric 1 over the godlike man, shall wail in sincerity of 
soul ? 

Oat. It concerns not thee to speak of this care: by our 
hands he fell, he met his fate, and we will inter him, not with 
waitings from his dwelling, * * * but his daughter Iphigcnia, 
as is proper having met her father lovingly at the swift- 
flowing stream of woes, shall fling her arms around and kiss 
him. 

Sim. This reproach comes in return for reproach ; and dif. 
hYult it is to decide — one spoils the spoiler, and the slayer 
makes full atonement. And there abides, so long as Jove 
abidcth, [the rule] that the doer in time shall suffer. For 'tis 
the statute, 5 Who can expel from the house the brood of 
curses? the race is wedded to calamity. 

Clyt. lie lighted 6 on this oracle agreeably to truth. And I, 

1 Scicllcr and Dindorf would omit these two line*. 

a See Diiulorf. 

3 Of Clioq.h. 42. 

* Read with Im. VoswiuH and Dindorf, lirirvftfltov alvov. 

•SimmoiiH rightly jilaccii a full Mop after Oiciftiov yap. 

But Canter, iVile. and Coiiiiigiuu read tvi'litfc, rightly. 



n::; 



142 AGAMEMNON. [1668—1601 

therefore, am milling to plight oaths with tho demon of the 
Pleujthenkbe, to acquiesce in these things, all hard to endure 
though they be ; and for hiin, henceforth, quitting this dwell- 
ing, to wear out anotlier race bj kindred murders. And a 
small portion of wealth is amply sufficient for me to possess, 
if I have put away tho phrensy of mutual murder from tho 



Enter JEgistiics. 
O kindly light of the day that brings retribution. Now I 
would pronounce that gods, tho punisliers of inortuls from on 
high, look down upon the abominations of earth, bcltolding this 
man here lying, as is delightful to me, in tho woven robes of 
the Furies, paying the penalty of tlio devices of his father's 
land. For Atrcus, the ruler of this land, his fiithcr, being a 
rival about the power, that I may speak dearly, banished from 
his city and his house Tliycstcs my father, his own brother. J 
And wietclied Thycstcs, having come again a suppliant at the ' 
hearth, found a secure lot, so that he should not dying stuin his J 
paternal soil with his blood. But Atrcus, the godless father j 
of this man, with more real than love, pretending cheerfully i 
to hold a day of banqueting by way of welcome to my father, 
nerved him a banquet of his children's flesh. Tho parts about 
tho feet indeed, and tho comb-like tips of tho fingers, tented 
apart, he broke from thoso above 1 And, having immediately 
in ignorance token tliat port of the flesh which could not bo 

he eats a food, as thou secst, destructive to tho 
And then, having discovered the unholy deed, ho 
ocrauned, and falls bock from the butchery vomiting: and 
on the descendants of l'elope he imprecates an intolerable * 
rightfully devoted to a curse tlio insult of the board, 3 



1 So Fcile, with Conington's approbation. I have no doubt that the 
whole passage is corrupt. 

1 Cofiimrton, after rcile (and apparently, Sewoll), has labored to 
show that Amnnoua faiwvov meant that Thycstcs spurned tho lianquct 
wall hw feet. Although I grant that thin clover scholar has shown much 
taste in his note, still I can not suppose that ri0e)( apf would have then 
been used. The words can only mean " putting under a curse tho 
tfasapting of the board.** Linwood prefers joining TtOeif hlnrtafiamm 
Jusmvus*. In support of the proverbial sense I have preferred, compare 
v. 304, XmnTtomrri /uyav dixa? pu/tnv. Choeph. 641, to /u) Mftif yika 
as) X^ flreoW mrorpeiin: Knm. 640, /isde viv «rpdor ld<Jv <j0r*» wool 
&f4fWjC* Lyeophron (quoted by SchuU), 137, Aotor rpaxtfav. 



1602—1635.] AGAMEMNON. 143 

so perish the whole rnco of Flcisthcncs ! In consequence of 
these things you may see this man fallen : mid 1 nm tho 
righteous contriver of hid daughter, for lie drive* into exilo 
ine, the thirteenth child, along with my wretched Hire, being 
a little one in swaddling-clothes, But Justice brought mo 
ba«-k again wlien I luul grown up. And I have reached this 
man though 1 was at a distance, having put together every 
eontrivanee for the Kid conspiracy. Thus it in indeed glorious 
for mo even to fsdl after I liavo seen him within tlie toil* of 
Justice. 

Cii. jEgisthu*! 1 honor not insolence nmid guilt. Ami 
dost thou say, that thou didst willfully slay this man, and that 
thou alone didst plot this piteous murder? I declare tlmt thy 
head shall not escape, be sure of it, curses of stoning, burled 
by the populace. 

^K<;is. Dost thou say these things sitting at the lower oar, 
while those upon the middle bench 1 of the vessel bear sway f 
Thou hhalt know, old as thou art, how bitter it is for a man 
of thy villi's to bo schooled, when discretion is prcscril>cd him. 
Iiut bondage and the pangs of starvation are the best physi- 
cians of the mind to school even old age. Having eyes sees* 
thou not this? Kick not against the pricks, lest thou, stum- 
bling, stiller. 

Cii. "Woman 1 didst thou, guardian of the house of this man 
just arrived from battle, 2 having at the same time defiled his 
bed, resolve on the destruction of this warrior-chief here T 

uKcis. These words too are the first parents of mourning. 
Thou hast a tongue quite opposite to that of Oqiheus; for he, 
indeed, led all things along for joy of his voice, whereas thou 
having angered us by thy silly yelpings, 3 shall be dragged away: 
but when over] wwered thou wilt show thyself more tame, 

Cii. As if thou forsooth shouldst bo sovereign of the Ar-. 
gives, thou, that when thou hadst resolved on his destruction, 
dnredst not to do this deed by a stroke of thine own hand I 4 

1 Sec Blomficld. 

* So Dindorf, with Stanley. Conington defends the common reading, 

* Dimlorf approve* of Jacobs' conjecture vi/ffiotc for tfirioic. Cf. r, 
1672, ftaraiuv runV t'?.a) fiuruv. 

4 Compare tin' taunu of I-uly Mactath, ii. 2, to her husband, and of 
Patrice to the uuirtivrurit, Ce:.c:j", iv. 3. 



mltttm 



1S4 AGAMEMNON. [1310—1388. 

Cn. How saycst thou 1 this is the smell of victims at tho 
hearth. 

Cam. Tin plainly like a fume from the prove. 

Cn. No Syrian luxury art thou describing in the hou*o. 

Cas. Hut 1 will go to tdiriek over my own destiny and that 
of Agamemnon ah«o witliin the pulaee. Enough of life. A his, 
strangers I Yet do 1 not vainly quail in terror, like a bird at 
a hush. 1 Do ye bear this testimony to mo dying, when a 
woman shall perish for me a woman, and a man shall fall for 
one that was ill mated. These boons I claim from you as on 
the point of death. 

Cn. Wretched one, I pity thee for thy predicted doom. 

Cas. Yet once more do 1 whdi to utter a ppcech, or niino 
own dirge. 3 And (looking upon) bin light for the hint time, I 
pray the sun, ii|K>n my hated murderer*, that they may at tho 
some time pay the penalty for a nlavc, that dies an easy victim, 
to my avengers their murderer*. a A In* for the condition of 
mortals I them when propperoua a shadow may overturn; but 

• Medwin refers to Henry tlm Sixth, 3d part, V. fl. 

" The bin! thai hath been limed in a hush. 
With trembling wings misdoubtcth every twig.*' 

• Scwcll's version is truly elegant : 

" Once, onee again ; 
One word, one dirge, fain would 1 speak, my own.** 
Dut I wish "above my ho If" did not follow. The redundancy in Iftbv rhv 
ci'Tfa" here •renin disagreeable, and 1 would read /)w tvv airifc. Tho 
stress is upon the fact that Cassandra, like tho fabled swan, sings her 
own dirge. 

• Such is, in substance, Palcy'a interpretation. Conington (although 
Dindorf has condemned the pannage as corrupt) finds no difliculty. but 
follows Peile. Doth of llieni have slurred over the absurd 0//0O. Klau- 
•en's Latin, which jtcoplr carefully avoid translating, is as follows : " Pre- 
cibus, quihus solein in ultima luce (!) invoco, imprccor (inrixof/at stand- 
ing for two verb* with their datives of a d liferent signification !) ultori- 
bu* meis ut occisoribus invisis meis idem tolrant" (1. c. I invoko upon 
my avengers that they stiller the same at the hands of my slayers !). I can 
only express my conviction that lhr*c interpretations may fairly bo set 

in UW>r of the following readings : 

rolotV //io/c Tt/iaopoifi 
frphf fararov owe vWov Karevxofiai 
ixfyxnlf Qovti-m roOc tpotic rivtiv IfioH 
dovXtff Qavoi'-at/c, k. t. \. 

And, for my avengers, 
I pray this tun's light, hence no more beheld— 



1 



1 605— 1673.] 



AGAMEMNON. 



145 



Cn. This never can bo tho conduct of Argivcs, to fawn on 
the base. 

yK<;ir*. Yet on pome future day I will pursue thco yet. 

Cu. Not mo, if a divine power shall guide Orestes to come 
hither. 

A'ahz. I know that exile* feed themselves on hopes. 

Cu. Do thy pleasure! batten I while thou poll u test justice; 
hiiuv it is {MTniilted thee. 

jYa.is. Uv»t nwurcd that thou shall make me a requital for 
this folly. 

m 

Cu. llrng boldly like the cook beside his partlcU 
Ci/rr. Make not thou any account of these vain yelpings; 
I and thou mastering this house, will order things aright. 

G 



t»-* 



THE CHOEPHORL 



ARGUMENT. 



Oassrss, returning from Phoeta, recognises hU sister offering libations 
at the tomb of Agamemnon, and with her concerts a pUn for revenging 
tamk tenor's death. Eixroragcd by trie Ul-oniefied dream of aytemi^ 
he resolves to enter the palace with his companion fylades, and having 
dece i ve d Cfrtsmnostra with a pretended account of fab death, be wreaks 
a her and iEaistbus. The play concludes with bis honor 



tOMllllllS u 

satlwdsed, 



receive purification. 



Oitmi. 
Emcctra. 
Clytkhmbstra. 

iEoiSTHUS. 



PERSONS REPRESENTED. 

A Nubsi. 

A DOMKSTIC. 

Chorus or 
Women. 



Caftivi Tsojai 



m 

Orestes. Mercury of tho shades! presiding over the pow 
er delegated from the sire, 1 be thou n savior and ally to m 
beseeching it; for I am come into this land, and I rctun 
from exile. 3 And over this mound of his sepulchre too I caJ 
vpon my father to listen, to give car. 3 • ••••• 

••••••••a ringlet cherished in honor o( 

1 A r istopha n es, Ran. 1 141, makes Euripides quibble at the meaning © 
wwrpde spare , which might mean Agamemnon's realm. 

wortp* o$v t&v 'Epfifyv, uf 6 warty dwuktro 
atari) piatuf U ywauceiac ;rrpdf 
oo*Ao<f XaOpatotf, tuvt 9 iironreuriv ty* \ 

■ On this Euripides observes, 

©V Tuvrto +fdv tltctv 6 eofof Aio*v>lof . 
Dot JEscbyms defends this on the grounds— 

frvyuv uv)p fjicei re xal narepxtrai, 

• B i ^km Ibid., gives this facetious reason : 

rreVs/ffoeiv yap lAeyev, w ftoxOrjpt <ri), 
off cede rpir Aryorrrf /£<«voty<c0*. 



&-61] THE CHOEPHORI. 147 

Inachus 1 and this, the second, cxpressivo of my sorrow. • • 

♦ ♦••••♦• What is it that 

I hoc ? what 18 this concourse of women [cominjr] liithcr con- 
spietious in sablo weeds? To what calamity shall I refer it? 
Js it that a new death- hath happened in the palace? or am I 
right in guessing that these maidens arc conveying libation* to 
my father — a propitiation for I ho departed? 3 It is nothing 
else; lor I think 1 sec my sister Elect ra advancing, distin- 
guished by grievous sorrow. O .Jupiter! grant mo to avenge 
the fate of my father, and lie thou a willing ally to me! 1'yl- 
ades, stand we apart, that I may clearly learn whut means this 
suppliant procession of women. 

Cn. 1 am come forth from the palace, sent as an escort to' 
the driuk-oiTeriug with the noise of sharp clapping of hands. 
Marked is my cheek with bloody gashes, the furrow newly cut 
by my nail : for ever is my heart fed on waitings ; and tlio 
rending* of tissues ruining the vesture, make a noise through 
my sorrows, the breast-protecting robes being torn through 
smileless woes. For a thrilling, hair-stiffening panic, tho 
dream-prophet of the house, breathing wrath in the midst 
of slumliers, echoed an outcry full fearfully at dead of night 
from the inmost apartments, falling heavy on tho chambers 
of the women. Interpreters too of these dreams, bound to 
veracity, declared on tho part of the gods, that thoso beneath 
the earth are complaining full nngerly and arc wroth against 
their murderers. Such an unkind kindness devising oh an 
averter of ills, O Earth, mother! docs the godless woman send 
me. Hut I dread to utter this word: for what atonement is 
there for blood that has fallen on the ground? Alas for tho 
all-unhappy hearth! Alas for the ruin of the dwelling 1 A 
gloom unchecred by the sun, abhorred of mortals, hides tho 

1 Perhaps wc may supply tfpu o>, with Erfunlt. The custom of con- 
secrating the hair to a deity, or to tho river gods (for riven* aro spoken 
of as personified), ih learnedly illuHtratcd hy Stanley and Iilomficld. Cf. 
OniioriiiiM do die nat. $ I. •• Quidam ctiam pro cetera bona corporis 
valctudine crincrn dco sacrum pasccbant," where Lindcnbroge's note de- 
serves consulting. Pausan. Mil. 41, ol Qiyateuv naidrc unoKcipovrai 
r<j ttutciuv rdc Kufiaq. For a probable supplement of this passage, ace 
Diud. 

■ Dindorf, in his notes, however, reads 37//<a, calamity. 

' The dutivc /Aci?*i)jxaotv is vainly defeuded. Sec Dlomfold. 



148 THE CHOEPHORI. [53—81. 

house through the death of the master. And majesty, which 
ins in the olden time unconqucrcd, invincible, unoseailcd, 
making its way through the can and the mind of tlio people, 
k now banished. And somebody 1 is terrified. But to bo 
prospero u s t his is both a god and more than a god among 
mortals. And tlie swift turn of Justice visits somo in day- 
tight, and some lingering burst forth with violence in tho in- 
terval of darkness, and some impracticable night poetesses. 1 
Be cause of the blood that hath been drunk by tho fostering 
earth, gore that cries for vengeance, is fast clotted so as never 
to be washed away. A piercing bitter curse destroys 3 the 
author of tlie oil-sufficing malady. But [as] there is no rem- 
edy for maidenhood 1 to its violator, [eo] all tho streams, 
moving in ono course, flow in vain 6 to purify murder of tlie 
foul hand. But 'tis my lot, for tlio gods have visited mo with . 
the hardship of a captured city; for tliev brought mo to a 
alave 9 s estnte afnr from the house of my fathers, to acquiesce 
in the things that seem fit to tlie lords over my life, just or 
unjust, [the deeds] of mastering the loathing of my soul, those 
who are violently borne along. 9 But I weep beneath my robes 

1 t. c. M mint qui mctuant" — Paler. 

* I hair© followed Dindorf '• text literally. Pcile'a explanation borer* 
strangely between allegory and grammar. Dindorf himself would read, 
partly from the conjecture of Sophianus, ro*Y .... ftpvet xpovl^ovr 1 <if*» 
throwing out ftivti and uxparor with Schuts. Paley , with much elegance, 
Tovf .... fuvtt xpovisPvV <un>x<*' I myself am all uncertainty, and hare 
made the version purjioscly literal, in preference to filling up the meaning 
with bracketed glows. 

* See Stanley, ppvttv after vooov has been thrown out by Hermans 
sod Dindorf, I think, wrongly. Sec Peile and Paley. 

* C£ Sept c. Th. 454, wu/ukuv IduMov. There is something similai 
in Suppl. 227, mwc 6* uv yapuv uxovoav ukovtoc irupa (?) oyvdc ytvoir' u» ' 

* In the absence of better suggestions, I follow Heath's emendation 
The sentiment has been so copiously illustrated, especially from Shake 

- ~ " ~;vui. 



that I will only quote Tasso, Gcrus. Lib. XV11I. S 
Che sei de la caligino del mondo, 
E de la carno tu di modo aspcrso ; 
Che '1 Nilo, o 'I Gauge, 6 1* Ocean profondo 
Non ti potrebbe far candido, e terso. 

us passage is yery unsatisfactory, on account of the double hyper- 
baton (tWysav yty and U ytip ofruv), and the words nphrovr* dpxalf 
8io9. I have followed Peile in rendering tho passage, but, with Paley, 
I must confess my doubts ss to the possibility of giving a reasonable 
of the words as they now stand. 



BW 



81—113.] THE CHOEPHORL 140 



at tho hapless fortunes of my masters, chilled -with secret 
rows. 

Klectra. Yo captive maids, ye garnishors of tho palace, 
sinco ye ore present us inv associates in this suppliant pro* 
ciwion, be my counselors in this matter: when 1 pour these 
fiineretd driuk-ofterings on tho tomli, )k>w shall 1 say what 
is well-pleasing? how am I to make my prayer to my fa- 
ther? Slinll 1 say tliat I bring them from a dear wife to a 
dour husband? from my mother, forsooth I 1 I dare not say it ; 
and I know not what to my, as I pour this thick libation on 
the tomb of my father. Or shull 1 say this saying, as is the 
custom of mortals, that ho would recompense those who 
these chuplcts and this gill with a [gift] worthy their 
deeds, 3 or, in silence, ingloriously, even as my father 
ished, am I, pouring this out, a draught drunk by tho earth, 
to move backward, 3 like one who casts forth of {scouring*, as I 
fling from me tho vessel, with eyes never looking back! In 
this deliberation of mine, my friends, do ye be sharers, for we 
hold a common object of abhorrence in tho house, llide not 
your feelings within your heart, through fear of any one. For 
Destiny awaits uliko tho free man, and him tlmt is m ast ere d 
by the hand of another. Tell me if thou knowest aught bolter 
than this? 

Cii. .Reverencing the tomb of thy siro tiB though on alter, I 
will sj>cak, for thou biddest me, the sentiment of my souL 

Ku Speak, even us thou suyest thou revcrencest* tho tomb 
of my father. 

(J u. Invoke, as thou pourcst the offering, holy tilings upon 
the well-wisher*. 

Ku And who arc these friends whom I am to speak oft 

Cu. First thyself, and whosoever abhors JKgisthus. 

Ku Shall I then offer this prayer both for myself and far 

thee ? 

Cu. Do thou thyself, already informed on theso points, take 

counsel. 

' These words aro spoken indignantly, after a alight pause, as Bailer 

observes. 

3 I follow Palcy, supplying dooiv with brafiav. from aVriftofwat. 
• Sec Dindorf. 

4 Such is tho force otydiou. See Paley. 



UO THE CHOEPHORL [114—145. 

4 

Eu Whom cba then shall I further add to this present com- 
pany 1 

Cu. Be mindful of Orestes, albeit ho is abroad. 

Eu Well, and in no slight degree hast thou instructed mo 
in this. 

Cik Now to the guilty, mindful of the murder—- 

Eu What am I to sayt teach me unskillful, pointing out 
the way.* 

Cik That there might come to them some divinity, or some 

Eu Meanest thou a judge, or an avenger? 

Cu. Say thou simply, one that shall slay in turn. 

Eu And are these things such as may religiously befall me 
from the gods t 

Cu, How not, to requite an enemy with evils t 

Eu Mercury of the realms below • • • • after summon- 
ing the divinities beneath the earth to give car to my pray- 
ers, tlioso tiiat watch over the house of my fathers, and Earth 
herself, that brings forth all things, and, after rearing them, 
again receives their produce ; and I ]>oiiriiig forth these lustral 
waters do say, calling on my sire : mortals, 1 hnvc pity on mo, 
and on the dear Orc*tcs, bo that we may restore 7 him to tlio 
palace. For now, void as it were by 3 her that bare us, we are 
outcast*, and for a husband she hath taken in exchange JEgis- 
thus, who was accomplice in thy murder. And I, indeed, am 
as a slave, and from thy substance Orestes is an outcast, 
while they in mighty haughtiness are wantoning in the fruits 
of thy labors. lJut I muke my prayer to thee that Orcntcs 
may come hither with some success, and do thou, O my sire, 
give ear to me, and to myself vouchsafe that I may be by far 
more chaste than my mother, and more pious in hand. For 
us [I offer] these prayers ; but to the adversaries I pray tliat 
thou wouldst appear, O my sire, as an avenger, and that thoso 
who killed may through justice die in turn. Thcso things I 

1 t. e. to ApAtncmnon. See Palcy. 

1 I have followed Pcilc, (and except that they tako tlvufyirv closely 
with 'OpeOTqv) Dindorf aid Palcy. Klauscn rightly exploded the notion 
of dwiiofiev being from uvaaou. It ii from uvuyu. 

' I strongly suspect that trw? is a repetition from the preceding line, 
and that we ought to read wtnpa/uvoi yap v$v «a*£c faupeOa. s 



US— ITS.] THE CHOEPHORL 

interpose in my good prayer, uttering far limn this evil im- 
prmtliim. Ami be tlwu u wmkr of tbo WwMinpn wo implore 

iu UK ill this 1. 1 -i ■ :■ WOrM, With lltO lilVor of llic gnds. Mill tit' 

earth, iii ul of triumphant justice. And after such prayer* im 
:! !'■■■- I ]Kiur forth these drjnk-ou"oriiigt< ; and 'ti» meet (lint 
yon [H.iil furlh tlio dirge of tlio dead, should nmko it Uvro with 
shrink*. [Kixont* gom to Ae tomb. 

Cin'Kis. Shed yo ilio pattering dentli-tcar' for tbo dund 
sovereign, now that drink-olKTing* have Into poured out 
w|nm this defense against both evil mid good by way of 
averting 1 unprnyed-for pollution. And do thou, O give cm, 
givu oar, O iiiiLHicr, from iliy darkling spirit. Wool wool 
won! wool alnsl what stout Scythian spearman is deliverer 
of ili.- house, and Mors that in the conflict brandishes with 
hi* lunula tbo curved darts, and wields billed wo f OM Im dan 
combat 1 

V.i. [reluming to the CAorWJ. My father now btt Um 
earth-drunk libations;- 1 and do yo share with me la A MV 
discourse. 

Cn. Tell it : but my heart is throbbing with terror. 

Ku I seo liero n shorn ringlet 4 of liuir on tlio tcpuldm. 

Cn. From what man or decn-boMomod moidl 

Ei_ This is an obvious matter for way one to form an opin* 
ion upon. 

Cn. How then may I, aged, learn from thee, my junior T 

Et. Tlierc is no one who could have cut it off except my- 
self. 

Cn. No— for thcyara enemies to whom it naturally bolongn 
to mourn by offerings of hair. 

1 I f.illoK Palev'i. version. If the metre will permit It {ma It will. U 
wc follow ItloinliclJ'i urrangenidit), 1 ahould prefer WWM -M^rry 
tivicr. c repetition rlrgant in auch a paasago. 

' Thin whole inlerprclnlion in, in milwlnncc, Pcilo's. PeAap* tpmrntm 
Kiutii- wiruv t* in.-iv tic i.Vid of tlio tomb of Agamemnon, inumuch am It 
«" fmiight with Meaning* for Oreatcs anil Elrctra, but with cunMS far 
RIvl.'iiiiH'iitra. Cf. in. Ill, IS, 116, 117, 110— ai, which mm loa» 
firm tlie »ii[i[Hnilion. I do not, liowavor, advance tliii W ■ certainty. 

* The line whirh fnllowi, K&nf /i/ytart fwv ui-u « «al nu'ru, ■hank) 
nralnlilv he placed, before v. 184, u Hermann has ahown. So aloe Hlosn 
lielil nui] Dimlorf. 

' On Ihla umyvuptaic, ace Ari.tot. Poet, t xri. 
note, and Schlcgel, LoeL xi. 



ISMC? n%* •.»..». -*— 



152 THE CHOEPHORL [174—211. 

El. And certainly this is of a very similar hue to behold. 

Cif. To what trows? for this I lain would know. 

El. It is exceedingly like in appearance to joy own. 

Cif. Is this then a clandestine ottering from Orestes? 

El. It docs very much resemble his ringlets. 

Cu. And how did he venture to como hither? 

El. He sent this shorn ringlet us a pleasing offering to his 
father. 

Cu. No less is this which thou tcllcst me a subject for tears, 
if he is never to touch this land with his foot. 

El. O'er me too there hath come a heart's surge of bitter- 
ness; and I wus smitten as with a piercing shaft. And from 
my eyes there arc fulling the unrestrained thirsting drops of a 
sad winter's flood, ns I behold this lock : for how enn I suppose 
that any other of the citizens owns this hair? And of a surety 
she that murdered him did not cut it off — my mother I mean, 
who has u godless spirit toward her children by no means in 
accordance with her name. Yet how can I openly yield assent 
to this conclusion, that thin is un ottering of honor from Ores- 
tes, of all mortals to me most dear? But I am fawned upon by 
hope. Alas! would to heaven that it had an intelligent voice, 
like a messenger, that I might not be agitated by distracted 
thoughts; 1 but it were clear for me cither to spurn this lock 
of hair when clearly recognized, if indeed it had been severed 
from the head of a foe, or that, if it claim kin to me, it might 
bo able to licwnil with me an ornament to this tomb and an 
honor to my father. 2 But wc invoke the gods, who know in 
what tcmjicsts, like vessels, wc are tossed to and fro; and if 
it is our destiny to attain safety, a great stock might be pro- 
duced from a tiny seed. And in very truth here arc tracks 
too, a second sign, like to feet, and bearing a resemblance to 
my own. For there arc also here two prints of footsteps, 
both of himself and of some fellow-traveler. The heels and 
the impress of the tendons being measured, coincide exactly 
with my footsteps. But pains (as of a woman in travail) and 
prostration of mind is upon me. 



1 6i$povTif. Cf. Apul. Met. ix. p. 189, "miroquc mentis Halo ct co- 

Sitationum dissensione, misellus in divcrsas sentential carpebatur, ao 
istrahebatur." Q. Curtius III., 6, "<liu animo in diveraa versato." 
* On the accusative see Blomficld. 




Ill— 834.] 



Fmy thou, uttering to the god* prayer* that -i i.'Jl bring their 
nca>ni|ilii>limcnt, tltol what remain* may turn uut well. 

Ki. ltut what bare I now attained m r ,. ■ : the liivor of 
the pnU ( 

On. Yoii lmvo come to the eight of Urn whom for a long 
time you unci! to pmy to aoo. 

Ki- Anil on whom of mortal* bit that thuu know tut mo to 
Iiavc called T 

Oil 1 know tliat tliou luHt full oft W<J nuI longings for 
Ortwtc*. 

Ki. Ami wlint, then, do I attain the object of my pmyersl 

Oil. I iuii lie: acardi not for any one wore dear to tbco 
tluut I urn. 

Ku ltut, stronger, art Uiou not weaving wmic trick oround 



On. Truly llicn I am framing m 
1m- ltut ihtMi fitiu woulilsi rcoll'ut my c 
On. Ay, mid nt my own oUo, if Indeed at thine 
Ki. Ad being Orestes, am I then addrowing Utee with thaw 
won In J 

Oit. Xny, now, wlicn tliou eecrt mo in person, tltoa hardly 
k no went me, but when tliou did-4 ace your brother** aaorn 
ringlet of mourning liair wliicli corresponded with thine owa 
luiiiil, mid wiut tracing tliy foototcpa in tlie track of my feet, 
thou wii.-i nil of n flutter, and didst £uicy thou sawuet me. 
(Wider tlie ringlet of my linir, after iiinchtg It on tlw port 
whence I cli|i|icil it ; and behold this web, tlto work of tliy 
hand, mid the strokes of the shuttle, and on it the delineation 
of wild IiciihIii.? lie yourself, 3 imd bo not over-anuuted in eoul 
through j (> y, for I know that tbo tlcarcU relative* are bitter 
foes to us twuiti. 



which the dioru* « 



win rained, and 
31!). m . 

* Km Prilo. I [lo not, however, agree with bin) in nip] 

* con be lined adverbially, like h> it. I ilwukl — ' 

Pmw and Ulomlk-U. or ptrhapi In it. 

* See Peile end UlomSeld. 

G! 



lini in aupposiaf that tic 
prefer reading ir A with 



154 THE CHOEPHORI. [235—274. 

El. O bcst-bclovcd cnro of thy father's house, thou deplored 
hope of n preserving seed, trusting in thy prowess, thou shalt 
recover the house of thy father. O delightful eye that enjoy - 
est four shares [in my affections]: 1 and needful it is that I 
should both address thee as a father, and the endearment of a 
mother devolves on thee (but she is most justly detested), and 
of a sister that was barbarously sacrificed : but thou art my 
faithful brother, bringing dignity to me. Only may both 
Strength and Justice, with tho third, the greatest of all, Jupi- 
ter, favor me 1 

Ok. O Jupiter, Jupiter! be thou a spectator of theso things; 
and look upon tho orphan brood of an eagle sire, that perished 
in the folds and coils of a dread sequent. On them bereft is 
hungry famine pressing, for [the brood] is not of full age to 
bring their father's prey to the nest. And so thou may est be- 
hold both mo and this maiden — 1 mean Klcctra — a progeny 
bereft of their father, both enduring the same banishment from 
their home. And, wert thou to abandon to destruction theso 
the offspring of a father that did thee sacrifice and honored 
tliee greatly, whence wouldst thou have the honor of the sol- 
emn festival from a like hand? Neither, wert thou to aban- 
don to destruction tho eagle's young, wouldst thou hereafter bo 
able to send tokens well believed by mortals. Nor will this 
royal stock, if entirely withered, do thine altars service on days 
when oxen are sacrificed. Take care [of it], and raise from its 
low estate a mighty house, that now seems to have fallen very 
low. 

Cn. O children, saviors of your paternal hearth, keep si- 
lence, that none may hear you, my children, and, in pleasure- 
for the tongue, report all to tho rulers — whom may I. soino 
time or other, see dead amid the pitchy smoke of the flame! 

Oil Tho oracle of Ix>xias, great in its might, will not fail 
me, bidding me pass through this peril, and loudly cheering me 
on, and muttering out tcmjK'stuous curses beneath my fevered 
breast, should 1 not pursuo the murderers of my father, di- 
recting me, maddened liko a bull, to slay them in their turn 

1 M Aflcctioncm ait suam natural cm in quatuor partes divisa, nempe 
erg* patrcm, mat rem, sororem Iphigcniam, ct fratrcm Orcstrm, in unura 
jam coUatam filiate Orcstcm, quippe cum pater e* aoror mortui eaaent, 
mate* siosa." — Stanley. 



I 



27, 



:hvj.] 



THE CUOKPHOM. 



15o 



vitli a jn-nnltv not pnid in money; 1 and lie declared that [if I 
failed to do so] I .»liould make this atonement in my soul, en- 
during many comfort let* ill*. For the xoothing remedies lor 
niali<nmnt evils [which nriw»] to mortal* from the earth, tlrao 
ho dti'lured *houhl to us bo nmlndic* 2 — leprosies tlini amil 
the flesh with ficrco fangs, ami entirely eat away its original 
nature ; and tliat white hairs should sprout forth in this mal- 
ady. And ho spoke of my seeing clearly, as I guide my 
brow in the dark, other assaults of the Furies, produced by 
the blood of my father. For the darkling shaft of those be- 
neath the earth, that comes from suppliants who have fallen 
by a kindred hand and phrensy, and groundless terror by 
night, torments, ham***, and chases from the city the body 
that ha* been mangled by the braiecn-forged scourge* And 
of such [ho declare**] that it is the doom neither to have any 
sharo of the festal bowl, nor of tlw liquor used in libations, 
and that a father's unseen wrath excludes him from altars, 
and that no one will receive nor dwell with him r* but that 
unhonorcd and abhorred of idl, he should at length die, 
ribly wasted away, 4 by a doom of utter destruction* To 
cles Much as these must I not give credence t Nay, if I did 
not give credence to thctn, the deed must be done ; fcr many 
cravings coincide in one— both the commands of the god, and 
my great Morrow for my father, and the lack of substance 
over presses mo— that my fellow-citizens, most highly 



1 1. e. l»y their own death, tiiro t \p. (q/i. lwe been taken to mean tho 
Iomm ot property sustained by Orestes (see Liuwood), whence Poile eon* 
jcrtuml ; uvfMWfitvntx. 1'alry properly denim the corre c t nc— of this 
signification, but refer* tbo wonlM to Orestes' suffering death, if he failed 
to u\ •eni»e bi» father. I have ventured to remove the comma after Mym\ 
connecting uirox- £17/*. with the notion of punishment that wsa to belall 
Clylrinncstra and JOgisthus. Tavpovficvov I would take try iteM^sa*^ 
fcratum. 

1 Wo arc, for once, indebted to Scholucld, who is however wnaw in 
limit i up the meaning of oWfyxntw, to diacaMC$, aa the anger of the Enav 
nvN and of the dead is clearly meant. I nevertheless India* to Palej 1 * 
view. See hi* nolo. 

3 1 follow Ponton** interpretation. See Dindorf. 

* Literally, " pickled." Tbo word ia properly used of 
Had the commentators considered the shriveled state produced by 
action of salt upon the embalmed body, we might have * 
absurd explanations of this passage. 




150 THE CHOEPHORI. [303—346. 

ed of men, they that overthrew Troy with gallant spirit, may 
not thus live in subjection to two women : for womanish is 
bis mind; or if not, it nlmll full noon bo known. 1 

Cu. Hut, O ye mighty destinies, vouchsufu ye, by the will 
of Jove, that it may end in the way which Justice takes. " In 
return fur a hontilo »|>ccch bo a hostile speech paid back"— 
cries Justice nloud as she exacts the debt — u nnd in return for 
a murderous blow let him sutler a murderous blow." Do£& 
UCfft suPFKit ; thus saith a thrice-antique saw. 

Or. Father, unhappy father, by saying or by doing what, 
could I, with a favoring breeze, waft from afar to thee, where 
thy couch [of death] holds thec, n light equal to darkness? 3 
But nevertheless, 3 ft glorious dirge for the patriarchs of Atrcus* 
line, nt nil events, is deemed a grateful oflering. 

Cu. My child, the consuming jaws of fire quell not the spirit 
of the dead, but afterward ho shows his wrath. Hut the dead 
is bewailed with a funeral moan, and he that wronged him is 
discovered. A righteous grief for fathers and for parents, stir- 
red up on all sides, investigates the whole. 

El. Give car now, O my father, in turn, to my griefs of 
many tears. The lament of thy two children over thy tomb 
bewails thee. And thy sepulchre hath received us who are 
alike suppliants and outcast*. What of these things is well ? 
and what is without ills f Is not ours an invincible calamity ? 

Cu. Yet, hereafter, out of this, Gal, if ho bo willing, may 
grant us sounds more jocund ; and, instead of waitings o'er tho 
tomb, a hymn of triumph in tho royal halls may usher our 
newly-arrived ' friend. 

Ou. Oh I would that beneath the walls of Hion, smitten with 

1 Tho passive use of rlaerai is sanctioned by Erfunlt and Dindorf. 

* So Palcy, 1. 1. '• Although I can not raise up the light of day in thy 
gloomy tomb, yet will I honor thec with duteous sorrows." *«or ln£- 
fMMpov okotv may bo compared with Soph. Elcctr. 87, yfc lodfioip' d/)p, 
and more appositely with Diog. Lacrt xix. 20, quoted by Paley, loupotpa 
that kv t$ KofjfUft ^ur Kal okuto^. See also Pcilo, who however reads 
dvrifioipov with Erfurdt. 

' See Doyes, and comparo Hamlet, i. 2 : 

— foul deeds will rise, 
Though all tho earth o'crwhelm them, to men's eyes. 

4 Literally •• newly mixed/' i. e. •• newly joined to us." Porson on 
Med. 188, compares Herodot. IV. 162, ftXiat oweKpt/&rj<rav t and VII. 
161. 






An, 



I* v *» 



tin- l>l 1 ol my I'iillnv 

ticjillt ill.- oi.nl., tlitU 
by a kimlrwl biiwl I 
night, tonucnlx, . 
tlmt lira been nndl 

of Midi [ho «1«]|IIV»] 

shuro of the fatal bowl, 
anil iii.it a f»ti uni 

anil that ao 01 
tin lion orwl mid nliliorrol 
ribly wasted away/ by n 

fll'S HUCll 1U> til llHlst I 

not givo cm1oiii'i< 10 tin 
1-nivinpn coinrii{<! , 
iny giwit »rro» for my 
over jwesaet nis — that my 

'■'. I. Iijf their own .Unlli, 
Iom of property -iirtiinmi by 

jcrluml yaviiavfu . . ■ - 
Mjpiifcation, but ril<- 
ta bven^o liii fiitli. , | Imvn 
rnnncclin B Uiro^. < w . with tl 
Clvlrniiicitliu »1m1 .K)ji»llllt». 

ftnlttm. 

■ \Vo ore, fcf t.\,ee, inelcU 




THE CHOEPHORI. 



[381-414. 



', thou that sendest up Ate, tho Into avc 
uf mortals Hint dnrw nil deeds; 1 

II eilllll ■ . JI1MJ U[KIU piltT'IltR, 

1 tlmt il wvru miiiu to elutunt n welcome to Ilia 
> man wlum ho ii smitten, mid of a dying 
why nm I to conceal bow unceiieingly there 
my mind, and before niy liteo tlicro site 11 violent 
s, wrulhlul loulliingT 

tiltl Unit id length, some tiny or other, Jupiter, 
mil lo llouroli, 1 would put to hi* hand, alas I 
hiir ii.nil*. Alny security beliill this milml 
>< ! ..in I lii! mirijf lilt-oiin. Anil do yu jiivo cm 
it honor y I liitco Ikmu'iiiIi the earth. 
u> ■ ■ liiw, that dr*t|w of poro shed ii|k»i tin: ground 
txUlu'il in ndditioii, lor winder erica nlwutl to 
i hring* <m from llioeo tlmt perished before, tin- 
n WW. 

-, whither li'ivo the princedom* uf I lie dcttd 

ild, yu p. . ini t curet'it of tho di'purtiil, U'imlil tho 

' lin in cirnilH, mill tilt-honored in llieir 

Whither eliould oik; le'tuko one's sell', O Jupiter 1 

kin hnlli my heiul Ihruhbcd while I listened to this 

* ' ; and nmclimcs I nm in ilesjxiwlcncy, nnd my 

ist with gloom At thy speech, na I listen to it) 



-t toll. 

■on'i rnienilntinn 1,-tiu in ilinpiitetl by Palcy, who retains u>ru, 
•n rlrcumly, " nlt-liiiuri«lriiu{." 

• cmumuii reading 'ill not hrw thin, nor nuy other mnnlrarlinn. 
an inula to xthniuv Tin/ni (" ye qurcna of I lie (liailc* '.'"), ijuot- 
Mythine. Tiri/i -at ■ ilneAUtf. rinjri?: 7 jiaatXima. rirai, irri/ioc, 
tTK' oi itr /fnfltJn't- I have little doubt that this emendation ii 
— * .—» Crawler and Con iro meant. On tin auociation of 
MN with llio Erinnya, we tin interfiling remark* of Muller, 

yil and 80, enpecinlly p. 303, 
imyit 'ffrriv- Paley's — ' 



ir&r 



946—381.] THE CHOEl'lIOlll. 157 

the H|K*ar by nomo of the LycianH, thou liad«l been plain, my 
father! Having bequeathed renown to thy house, after estab- 
lishing fur the way* of thy ehihlrcii [through life] a condition 
worthy of notice, thou won hint have occupied um'jiulchru with 
a lofty moii iid in a land beyuiul the *ca — in u manner thut tlijr 
family ini^ht endure. 

Cji. Dear to those dear to thec who there gloriously fell, a 
prince of august majesty, distinguished lieneatli the earth, and 
a minister to the mightiest rulers in the shades below : for 
thou wast a king so long as thou wast alive, among 1 those that 
fill their destined lot with [deeds of] hands, and the sceptre 
that wins the obedience of mortals. - 

Kl Nor [would I that you], having fallen beneath tho 
walls of Troy, my father, along with the other 3 host, victims 
of the war, should have Urn buried liesido Kcnnmudcr's 
stream : 4 but would that his slayers had thus been beaten 
down previously, so that one, unscathed by these horrors, 
might have learned their fatal catastrophe. 

Cn. These things of which thou speakest, my child, an* 
more precious than gold, and surpassing e'en 1 1 v|>erl>orean 
happiness, for thou art in anguish."' lUit [enough], for tho 
clang of this double scourge comes upon me : the protectors of 
these [children] are already beneath tho earth : but the hanib* 
of the odious pair that rule are polluted ; on their children too 
it hath fallen heavier. 

El. This pierced right through my cars, like a dart, 7 O 

1 As " king of kings." Sec Paley. 

3 Thin in rather a hold zeugma. .Telf, fJk. Or. $ 895, Obs. I. ro- 
rnarkn, "in ftufu/wv '/mx<K X r i ,n ' 1 ' vtfi^'/uvruv in implied tho general 
notion of xorrming — thin implieM the notion ot* wielding the sceptre, in 
Whirli wiiho it in carried on and applied to /iaVr/iOi 1 ." 

3 Correct u/hov to <i?./.r,j, with Stanley. 

4 The prayer nhoulcl evidently Imj continued. After reading Peilo's 
lonjr digression, I am only the more satisfied that Ahrcsch, Dindorf, and 
Paley rightly read riflilpOat. With the following words 1 have dono my 
bent, hut they are both corrupt and mutilaled. 

* Midler would read nv th'vanai y<t(t. Dindorf. Ai'vnnai )up. I prefer 
Wvvnfi t } % with Laehmaun. Peilc, Paley, = " jirat tlolorr." 

• Vi/.. to nan?*; says Paley. I should prefer understanding (WhJoc, 
partly implied in X f 'l ,l C °*'X Omai. Tho Ovudof would ariso (rem Aga- 
memnon being as yet un revenged. 

1 Compare Hamlet, iii. 3 ; 



158 THE CHOEPHORI. [38*— 414. 

Jupiter, Jupiter, thou that sendest up At&, the late avenger 
on the hardy hand of mortals that dares all deeds; 1 neverthe- 
less, retribution shall conic upon parents 

Cn. Would that it were mine to cliaunt a welcome to the 
hitter 3 outcry of a man when lie is smitten, anil of a dying 
woman! for why am 1 to conceal how unceasingly there 
hovers [before] my mind, and before my face there sits 3 violent 
passion of hearts, wrathful loathing f 

Or. And would Uiat at length, some day or other, Jupiter, 
who makes us both to flourish, 1 would put to his hand, alas I 
ntast cleaving their heads. May security befall this realm! 
I ask for justice from the unrighteous. And do ye give ear 
that are had in honor by those Imicnlh the earth.* 

Cn. liut it in a law, that dro]w of gore shed ii|h>ii the ground 
call for other bloodshed in addition, lor murder erics aloud to 
Krinnys/ who brings on from those that perished licforc, an- 
other woe upon woe. 

Ku Whither, whither have the ]>rinee<1oinH of the dead 
[fled]? Ilchold, ye |>olcnt curses of the depart ed, liehold tho 
relies of the Atrcidie in straits, and dihhonorcd in their 
dwellings. Whither should one Intake one's self, O .Jupiter! 

Cn. Again hath my heart throbbed while 1 listened to this 
lament of thine ; and sometimes I am in dcs|x>ndcncy, and my 
vitals are overcast with gloom at thy speech, as 1 listen to it ; 

Qukkn. — O ft|>cik to mc no more : 
These words like (tagger* cuter in mine cars ; 
No more, sweet Hamlet. 

See Hovm, n. 19. 

1 Pnlev rightly mnrkii an nponione*i«. 

1 Sec Palcy's ingenious note. What •• a torch-lit about" U (sec Pcilc) 
I can not tell. 

s Pornon** emendation yrai in disputed by Palcy, who retains utfrai, 

* More elegantly, •• all-llouriHluiig." 

* The common reading will not hear thin, nor any other conHtniction. 
Hermann reads r£ xOmiuv titijvu ("ye queens of the shades !"), quot- 
ing Hcsychius, nrt/vai : ftaov.Mff. ririfxti : fy flaoiXioaa. rims, ivriftof, 
$ m'vutmit ' ol o> floating. I have little doubt that this emendation is 
right, and that Demetcr and Cora arc meant. On the association of 
these goddesses with the Erinnys, sec the interesting remarks of Millie r, 
Eumcn. $81 and 80, especially p. 203. 

* Read Aoivor 'F^hvOv. Paicy's eiplanation of the common readiLg 
seems rather forced. 



415-440.] THE CHOEPHOKL 160 

and ngnin in turn, having confidence in support, sorrow do- 
jmrtis so that tilings seem well to me. 1 

Ok. Ami what should we nil chance to bo? 3 Is it pOMiUe 
to wheedle the wrongs which we endure from tlioso Uiat gnvo 
us birth? 4 Hut tome things can not bo soothed; for, liko a 
ruvcuing wolf, my mind is from my motltcr implacable, 4 

l£u She struck a martial strain ; then, after the manner ol 
a Cicsinn heroine, 5 with a shower of blows wandering ninny 
ways might you see the outstretching* of her liand, dealt 
without intermission, front above, from afart and with the 
stroke my hufl'eted, and ull-wretelicd head resounds. WooVi 
me! woe's me! wretehod nll-thiriug mother, with wretcbwl 
ot»*M|uies thou hadst the heart to inter a monarch without ilia 
attendance of his subjects, a hero unbcwuilcd, without mourn* 
iiigs." 

( >it. Kvcry word that thou s|K % akcst is to our shame* All 
mo ! surely then she shall expiate the degradation of my father, 
as far as the divinities are concerned, and as far as depends 
upon my haials ; then may I pcri*h, utter having bereaved her 
[of life !] 

Ku Furthermore too— that thou mayest know this— -lie 
was mangled, 7 and as she dealt with him, thus she buries him, 

1 An to trantlatinjr thin passage, it is out of the question. Dindorf has 
adopted the reading of Turnehus, condemned it in his note, but given urn 
no further information. IVile and Klnusen hove hatarded conjectures, 
but thit in all. I shall follow I'nley, ami say nothing. 

* This in. of course, nonsense ; but I can not ndiniro DindorPe tasio la 
admitting liothe's pU>rrc for fraVrrr. Head with i'alcy, n d* ds 
TvxiHfui\ '• irhttt nhould we rightly say V f 

* Alter Dindorfs careless punctuation. 

* I have followed the surest ion of Lin wood, s. v. deuvrof. Ho 

dors it, •• 'tis of no use to soothe me, for, like a ferocious wolf (inheriting 
the fury of its rare), I derive from my mother an implacable spirit,** 

* liul Herinnnirs splendid emendation Itf^rfnaTfHOf (Hcsych. tyfvf- 
Tpiac) luust lie followed. Seo Palcy's clevor note. 

* Compare Hamlet, iv. 3 : 

his obscure funeral — 



No trophy, sword, nor hatchment o'er his bones, 
No noble rite, nor formal ostentation. 

See tho exquisite description of tho funeral of Pompcy in Lucsn, VIIL 
7 See BlomAcld, Midler, Eumcn. p. 166, noto 8, and p. 891, where be 



ICO THE CHOEPHORI. [441—473 

eager to consummate for him a doom that should be an intol- 
erable burden to thy life. Thou bearcat thy lather's shame* 
ful sufferings. 

Oil. Thou spenkest of my father'* doom. 

Eu Ay, and 1 wiut thrust forth, dishonored, nothing worth ; 
and barred out from the innermost apartment, like a too mis- 
chievous cur. I gave vent to tear-drops more readily than 
laughter, blithe if I might conceal my tearful woe. Listening 
to such things grave them within thy bosom, and make my 
tale pom through thine ears with the leisure step of thine un- 
derstanding. For of these matters some arc thus, and others 
seek thou thyself eagerly to learn. But it becomes thee to en- 
ter the lists with unflinching spirit. 

Oil. To thee do I make my ap[>cnl, lend thine aid, O father, 
to thy friends. 

Ku And I lamented with tears well shed join in the cry. 

Cii. This 1 entire company too echoes the prayer: Oh come 
into the light and give cm* : and bo thou present against thy 
foes. 

Ok. Let Mars encounter Mars, Dice- Dice. 2 

Ku O gods, give a righteous decision. 

Cii. A shuddering creeps over me as I listen to your prayers. 
That which is foredoomed abides from the olden time, and to 
those that pray for it, it may come. Alas ! struggle of kindred, 
and bloody discordant stroke of Ate! Alas for the sad in- 
tolerable woes ! Alius for the sore hard to staunch ! There is 
in the house a styptic remedy' for these things, and that not 
from others from abroad, but from themselves, in that I pursue 

remarks: "at Agamemnon's Inirial no Arrive citizen, hut only the train 
of Trojan female slaves wan allowed to follow : . . . the funeral mourning 
was conducted hy them in the Asiatic style, and in their presence the ex- 
piatory rite of cutting oil' the cxtremiticH from the corpse was performed 
by ClytemncMtra, while Klectra. the rightful conductresj of the funeral 
procession, wan scandalously debarred and excluded from the privilege." 
The last translator utterly mistook the sense, supposing the common mu- 
tilation to be meant, as in the case of Dciphobus and Priam. Cf. Auso- 
nius Epitaph. Her. 13 and 23. 
1 Dindorf reads u&. 

* Pcilo well compares the words of Meg Mcrrilics, 

When Bertram's might and Bertram's right 
Shall meet on Ellcngowan's height. 

• Read u«or for four with Schutz and Dindorf. 



474*601.] THE CHOEPHORI. 101 

the quarrel of blood shedding; 1 thU ii the song of the powers 
beneath the earth. 

lint oh, ye itmnortal powers below, give oar to then orisons 
of ours, ami graciously vend to the children aid unto victory. 

Ok. Father, thou thai didst dto in no king-tike manner, 
vouchsafe to me entreating,'-* the mastery over thy house. "* 

Ku 1 too, futlicr f stand in tlie liko need of thino aid, that 
I may csenno after having brought a signal [doom] upon 
./Kgisthus. 

Ok. For thus should tho banquets that are established 
among mortal* be dedicated to thco; but if not, at tho Amend 
fenrt* 1 thou wilt bo unhouored by savory burut-o&uings from 
the earth. 

El I too, from my entire substance, will bring to thee nry 
nuptial oft'erings from tho paternal dwelling j for beyond wBL 
things I will reverence this thy tomb. 

Oic O earth, send up my father to overlook tho conflict. 

El O Proserpine, vouchsafe to us also victory of beauteous 

OSJHTt. 

Ok. licmember tho bath in which thou wast bereaved of 
life, my father. 

El Itcincmbcr too how strangely thoy inclosed tliee in the 
net. 1 

Ok. Thou wast ensnared in fetters not wrought of brat*, 
my father. 

El Ay, and in fohls of vestments foully planned* 

Ok. Art thou not roused by theso reproaches, father t 

Kl l)o.*t thou not then rear erect thy dearest head? 

Ok. Either dispatch justice, an ally to thy friends, or grant 
[focV] to receive in recompense like injuries, if indeed after 
having been mastered thou winhcst to triumph in thy turn. 

Kl. And give car, my father, to this final cry of mine to 
thee, lkholding thy young ones hero sitting on thy scpul* 

1 Thin appear* to bo tho sense, taking tho words according to that 
forrnftic linage. Sec Miillcr, Eum. $ 43, p. 124, sqq. 

a Hut airovftrvoc in probably correct. Sec Pcilo and Palcy. 

' DimJorf rightly prefers i/tirvpoioi, with Canter, and so Dobres *od 
Pnlry. On thene tcaBts of the dead, see tho learned notes of SUnley and 
Dlomticld. Thry formed a part of the lustral rites. See Lotneier ds Vet. 
LuHtr. § xxxvit. 

♦ But cir Uaivioav is the preferable reading =Aeie they hmntetti. 



162 THE CHOEPHORI. [601-533. 

dire, toko pity upon thy female, and likewise on thy mole off- 
spring; and do not utterly blot out this seed of tho Pclopidnj. 
For thus thou art not dead ; not even though thou didst die, 
for children are to the deceased reputation preserving; and 
like corks tbey buoy up tlie net, upholding the twist of the 
flaxen cord from the deep. Give carl 'tis on thy behalf that 
laments such as these are poured forth, and thou thyself art 
saved by honoring this our petition. 

Cu. 1 And in truth yo have lengthened out this your peti- 
tion blamelessly, an honor to the tomb and to his unwept fate: 
lor the rest, sinco thou hast been aroused in spirit to achieve 
it, do it forthwith, trying thy chance. 

Oil It shall be so ; but it is not out of my way to inquire 
how it comes that sho sent drink-offerings, in consequence of 
what it is that she pays too lato attention to an irreparable 
wrong t To the dead too, unconscious of it, a sorry offering 
was sent I can not guess the import of these gifts, but they 
are too small for tltc trespass. For though ono were to mako 
every libation in atonement for a singlo murder, tho labor 
would be in vain : so runs the snying. But if thou knowest 
this, tell it to mo wishing [to hear it]. 

Cu. I know it, my child, for I was by ; for having been 
agitated by dreams and rcstles* terrors of the night, the god- 
less woman sent these drink-offerings. 

Or. Did ye also hear the dream, so as to tell it correctly t 

Cu. She funded, as sho herself says, that she gave birth to 
a serpent. 

Or. And what is the end and issue of the talet 3 

Cu. that tho new-born monster was lying 3 in swad- 
dling clothes like an infant, in want of food, 4 and she in her 
dream gave it her breast 

Or. And how was tho dug wounded not by tho abom- 
ination T 

1 Dindorf'e text nnd notci are, &■ unual, at variance. I follow the 
latter, reading ireivurrjv, and aligning theso wordi to the Cborue. 
a For Kapavovrai compare Othello, I. 3. 

Tho very head and front of iny offending 
Hath thie extent, no more. 

9 iwtyrtu is Porson'e emendation. Pcile and Paler defend dpftfoai* 
♦ Head rivoc, and give this vene to Orestee.— Dindorf. 



164 THE CHOEPHORL [»7»-611 

therms throne, or if he oomo then and speak to me to my fiioe 
and cast hie eyes upon nie, know certainly tbat beforo lie 
soys, "What countrymen in the stranger V I will stretch 
him a corpse, coming round him 1 with nimble swordsman- 
ship. And Krinnys, that hath not been stinted of slaughter, 
shall quaff blood undiluted, a third draught. Now then, do 
thou watch well what is within the house, that these things 
may fidl out well combined. But to you I recommend to 
keep a silent tongue, both to keep silence where it is needful, 
and to speak what is suited to the moment For the rest I 
appeal to this my [friend] to come hither and overlook theso 
matters; to him thai has helped 3 me to success in this conflict 
of the wielded sword. 

[Electsa enten the jxtlacc : Orkstks and Pylades rttirt to 

tluyufa tfirtrtficfres. 

Ciu Full many 3 a dread and grievous horror docs the earth 
nurture, and tho arm* of the deep teem with monitors hostile 
to mortals! and there spring forth in mid-air light** 1 hung 
aloft. Both tho creatures that fly and those that crawl, and 
tho gusty rage of hurricanes, one might be able to describe. 
But who can tell tho mighty daring spirit of man, and of 
women hardened in their souls, and their loves that venture 
all, co-mates with the woes of mortals t Unlovely love, lord- 
ing it in woman's heart, overcomes the conjugal societies of 
brutes and of men. Let whosoever is not flighty in his 
thoughts know this, when he hath learned what a kindling 
device tho wretched daughter of Thcstius, who worked the 
destruction of her son, sought out, when she committed to tho 
flame* the glowing bnuid thai was his coeval, from the timo 
when he uttered his first cry on coming from the womb, and 
commensurate tlirough his life unto tho day foredoomed by 

1 See Palcy. 

9 See Palcy. Pylaries must he meant, not Apollo. 

■ Compare Soph. Antig. 332, sqq. 

4 XafiiruAec seems to be a general expression, including meteors, corn- 
eta, falling stars, and all unusual phenomena of tho sky, such aa are de- 
scribed by Pseud-AristotIe,de Mundo, $ II. 16, ed. Pacu. iv 6k ry irvpcjoVi 
*al AruKTtft Xeyofttvii, rd rt aeXa dturrei not pteytc dtcovri^ovrai «oi oW- 
oVr, kuI 06Owoi, *ul tco/ii/Tai Xcyofitvoi, ertipiyovTai, *al ofthrvwrai nwU 
Xukic, translated by Apuleius, p. 68, ed. Elm. 



fT MUM I In 

■ l« 



106 THE CHOEPHORI. [668—686. 

[Orestes re-enters, and goes ftp to tfte (fates of tlte palace. 

Ouestes. lioy, boy I 1 hear the knocking at the gates of tho 
court-yard, Who is within there in the house? boy, boy, I 
say again, a third time I call for sonic one to conic out of tho 
house, if JEgisthus forsooth be given to hospitality. 3 

DoMKtmc. Well, well — I hear you. What countryman is 
tho stranger f whence comes lie ? J 

Ou. Bear word to tho masters of the mansion, unto whom 
I am come and am bringing news ; mid be quick, since also 
night's dusky car is speeding on, and 'tis time for wayfarers 
to let go their anchor in houses that welcome all strangers. 
Let there come forth some lady-mist ress of the house, that hath 
power: but it were more decorous that a man should [romo 
to us], for that bash fulness does not in the course of con versa- 
tion mako words obscure: man is wont to speak with confi- 
dence to man, and expresses his thoughts with certainty. 

Enter Clytemnestra. 

Guests, say whatsoever is necessary ; for there arc at hand 
tilings such as beseem this dwelling of ours, both warm baths, 4 
and the couch that soothes fatigues, and the presence of benig- 
nant eyes. But if ye arc bound to transact any other business 
that requires somewhat of consultation, this is the concern of 
men, to whom we will communicate it. 

Or. I am a stranger of Daulis, come from the Phocians ; 
and as I was journeying to Argos, self freighted with my own 
baggage, just as I set forth hither on foot, a stranger who met 
me said to me a stranger, after having particularly inquired 
and clearly explained to me my rood, Strophius the l'hocian — 
for I ascertain his name in course of conversation : " Since 
on other business, stranger, thou art going to Argos, tell his 
parents that Orestes is dead, strictly remembering it, let it by 
no means bo forgotten ; whether tho determination of his 
friends shall prevail to convey him away, or whether to bury 
him in the land of his sojourn, altogether estranged forever, 
bring back with thee their commands on this subject ; for now 

1 Sec Blom field. 

* Road with Elmilcy : el ^(Ao^rvoc r«f klyiadov fiia. 

* Eurip. El. 779 : x^P* 7 * «■» #w» nver, TioOtv noptveoP, quoted by 
Blomfield. 

4 Sec Dlomfie Id, nnd for a ■innlar picture of ancient manners, Apulciui 
Met. I. p. 113, cd. Elui. 



168 THE CHOEPHORI. [710—760. 

Cnonrs. Well, dear liandinaidctis of Clio house, when in- 
deed shall we put forth the strength of our mouths on account 
of Orestes? O revered earth, and revered pile of the mound, 
which now dost press upon the remains of the monarch tliat 
led the fleet, now give ear, now lend thine aid ; for now is it 
high time for wily plausibility and the nether Mercury to come 
together, and to guide the mysterious man on his way in con- 
flicts of the destructive sword. 

The stranger seems to be working mischief. But I see tho 
nurse of Orestes coining hitlicr, in tears. On what errand 
Ciltssa, art thou treading the outlet 1 of the palace? and no 
hireling sorrow is it that accompanies tliee on thy way. 

Enter Nurse. 

My mistress bade me call JEgisthus with all speed for the 
strangers, 3 that having come, man may learn more clearly from 
man the tidings just reported. Bcforo the domestics, indeed, 
she suppressed her laughter within her scowling eyes, conceal- 
ing it over deeds that have been done well for her, but for this 
house all unhappily, in consequence of tho tale which tho 
strangers clearly reported. Verily he, when ho hears it, will 
rejoice in his mind, when ho shall have learned the news. 
Alas, wretch that I am I how did the ancient blended sorrows, 
hard to be endured, tliat happened to this mansion of Atrcus, 
afllict with anguish my heart within my bosom 1 But never 
yet did I undergo any Buffering such as this. For the rest of 
my calamities I bore through with patience ; but my dear 
Orestes, tho care of my soul, whom I reared up, having re- 
ceived him from the moment of his birth — 3 and from his 
arousing cries, disturbing me by night many fruitions toils 
have been endured by me in vain. For [tho infant] that has 
no sense ono must needs rear just as if it were an animal, for 
how can it be otherwise? according to his humor; for a child 
while yet in swaddling-clothes speaks not, whether hunger, or 
thirst, or a call of nature beset him ; and the belly of an in- 
fant works its own relief. I, forewarned of these things, but 
in many cases deceived, I ween, was a washer of tho baby's 

1 Paley'a emendation, ir/Aar, icons correct. 

■ Paley rightly condemns the attempts to explain rodr (evovf I have 
followed Pauw, with the apparent approhation of Poracn and Dindorf. 

* I think the only way of understanding this passage is to nark an 
•krupU nUtOf and read I* wKTixhiyrvp. 



►«»-' «•'•. 



170 TI1E CHOEPHORI. [78&-618. 

Cm. 1 O Jupiter! tire of tlie Olympian gods, grant to mo now 
beseeching tliee that my fortunes may torn out successfully, 
in a manner that may be beheld by the wise well seeking.* 
In integrity 9 have I uttered every word. O Jupiter ! do pro- 
tect them. Ah 1 ah ! and set thou [him] before his foes with- 
in the house, since, if thou cxnltest him to glory, thou shalt, 
if thou plcuscst, receive in return a double and three-fold recom- 
pense. Bethink thee too of a beloved hero's orphan youngling 
yoked in harness of suffering*, and prescribe thou a limit to lib 
race. Who 4 might see this striding of completed jincc* across 
the plain keeping duo timet Ye too, tliat haunt the nlcovo 
that exults in opulence, give car, propitious gods. Come, nuiko 
atonement for the blooilshcd of those tliat were done to tlcath 
in the olden time liy fresh vengeance. No more let ancient 
murder spawn in tho halls. O thou that tcuantcst the vast 
chasm, graciously grant that tho hero's homo may at the same 
time witness this righteous execution, 6 and that he may look 
forth fearlessly and brightly with friendly eyes from out tho 
veil of gloom. May Maia's most propitious" son also, willing 
him an auspicious issue, rightfully take up the cause. Many 
other mysterious things too will he develop if he be willing ; 
and uttering obscure language, both by night lie brings dark- 
beforo tho eyes, and in the daytime he is nought dearer. 



1 This Chorus is so corrupt, that no satisfactory conclusions can bo 
formed respecting cither tho metre or sense. Klauscn and Pcile have 
done little that ran be considered even as approximating to the truth, 
and Palcy alone has displayed any taste in examining the text. 

a I have imitated the perfect unintelligibility of the original. Palcy reads 
oof ri'xac ftov rvjeiv ftupfoft Et-ftxxnVav uaiofuvaf Ideiv. I can not give 
an opinion. Linwood, s. v. rvjv, considers the pasaago hopeless. 

* did ourac, Pauw, Dindorf, and Palcy. 

• See Paley. I must confess my unmitigated ignorance of what a 
single sentence of this passage means. 

* We must remove the stop after KTupevov, which Palcy would treat as 
an accusative absolute. But Dindorf seems to approve the conjecture of 
Bamberger rd 61 «aXwf icri/ievov .... ore/itov. This is certainly in- 
genious, but I have my doubts about applying the epithet tcripevov to a 
natural cave. But as Heath and Blomncld seem right in referring this 
to the abode of Delphic Apollo, this difficulty is easily surmounted. 
Blomlield appositely quotes Strabo, IX. p. 641: {nrepKtiotiat 6k roi arc 
fiiov rpirroSa infaMv, See also an important passage of Diodorus, XVI. 
p. 623, 624. 

• See Paley. 




17* THE CHOEPHORI. 1845-889. 

Ch. Jupiter 1 Jupiter I what am I to sny T whence shall I 
caramenco thus praying and importuning I 1 How, spcukiug 
Jrosn good feeling, shall I obtain an equivalent boon 1 

For now cither the gore-Mai ned attempts of tho man-slaying 
im an on the point of working tlte destruction of the funiily 
of Agamemnon throughout all time, or he, kiudliug fire and 
light far liberty, and tlia authorities that givo laws to tho statu, 
■hall enjoy tho great weal of his father*. Upon such a conflict 
as this is god-like Orestes, a solitary single-handed champion, 
on the point of entering against two. And may it bo for vie- 
loryl 

Juau. (/row trif/tm the palace). Ah I wlint, ho I 

Cn. Ahl ah I aguinl How stands tho mattcrT how are 
things accomplished in tho house * Stand wo aloof from Hie 
consummation of tlra business, that we may seem to bo no way 
implicated in theso horrors ; for the issue of tho conflict hath 
assuredly been settled. 

Enter a Domkbtic. 

Woo's mo ! ny every woe's me, for my slntn lord ! yot once 
■tore woe's me I in a third exclamation. TKgi.-lhusisiiomorc: 
but open as quickly as yo may, and unclose, by [removing] tlio 
bars, tlio doom of tho women's npurtmciits ; nnd need titers 
surety is of a vigorous arm ; but not to succor tho plain ; what 
need of that? What, boa I I nm shouting to tho deaf, nnd 
calling in vain to thaw that ore madly sleeping. IV], ere is 
Clytctnncstra i what is sho doing t It seems now that her 
neck is soon to fall on tho edge of tlio steel, sho being justly 
smitten. 1 

Cltt. (coming foncartl). \Vhnt is tho matter? what meant 
tho outcry thou art raising in the house T 

Don. I tell thee that the dead nre slnying tho living, 

Cj.tt. Ah mo 1 I apprehend thy meaning from thy dark ex- 
pressions. Hy treachery shall wo perish exactly as wo slew. 
Soma one hand mo a deathly use with all speed. Let us sea 

■ Thii u the rain given to Iwiffodfaaa by Buttinann LeiU. p. 340, 
but Bloraficld rruli iwtt) tiUjnaa, with the approbation of I'alej, and »p- 
parenllj of Dindorf. 

* The atracturo accrai to hang between the proverbial form lout i-tfr 
m~r% iwl (vpot lardvai, ami lomt avr«f oi'j'/v M fvpoO eliai. The lint 
ie»o denotes Out Cljleranestra is in cltreUM danger, Sod tin SSCOod 



890—018.] THE CHOEPHORI. 17S 

whether wo aro to bo victors or vanquished! for unto that 

criws of this evil iim I coiue. 

Oickh. (bunting in). Tlicc, too, am I seeking this wroteh 
here linn enough. 

Ci.yt. Ah mo ! thou art dead, dearest Jlvgisthuft. 

Ouk*. Invent ihou tho nuin f then shalt tlion Ho fai the anme 
tomb, and thou nhnlt never desert him in dcutlu 

Ci.yt. Hold thee, my son ! and revcro thin breast on which ' 
thou full oAcn slumbering wont wont at tho game time to 
with thy gums tho well-nourishing milk. 

Onus. Py lades, how am I to act T is reverence to 
xnc from Maying my mother? 

1'yl. Where, then, aro tho oracles of Apollo uttered at 
Pytho, and tho faithful oaths well plighted t Doom all thine 
enemies rather than tho gods. 1 

Okks. I dceido that thou prcvnilcst, and odmonishesi me 
well : (taming to //» mother) follow me. I wish to slay thee 
close Inside his corpno hero ; for when ho was alivo too* thoo 
did*t uk to deem him letter than my father. Go sloop with 
him in death, since thou dost lovo this man, and him whom 
thou want liound to lovo thou louthest. 

Ci.yt. I reared thee, and with tlteo I would- spend my ago. 

Oi:i-x What ! having murdered my sire, shalt thou dwell' 
with met 

Ci.yt. Destiny, my child, was an accessory to tlieso tilings* 

Oitix. Ay, and so Destiny provides tho doom that k now 
before thee. 

Ci.yt. Hast thou no awe of a parent's curses, my child t 

Ours. No ; for after giving me birth thou didst cast mo out 
into miser}'. 

Ci.yt. Surely I did not cost thco out [when I sent thoo] to 
the house of a friend. 

Oleics. In two ways was I sold, son though I was of a free 
father. 

Clyt. Where then is tho price which I received for barter- 
ing thec away? 

Okks. I am ashamed to reproach thco in plain terms with 
thi* deed of thine. 

Clyt. Nny, only tell equally tho follies of thy father. 

1 i. e. prefer tho enmity of Clytcmnestra to tbat-of ApoUa 



174 THE CHOEPHORI. [BlB—M* 

Okks. Iteproaeh not him that bon tho toil, thou that didst 
•It within tbo bouse. 

Cut, Tis a Borrow to women to bo debarred from a hus- 
band, my child. 

Obes. Yot auro it !■ the husband's toiling that supports 
them bb U«cy ait within. 

Cl.it. It ■oraru, than, that thoo wilt slay thy mother, my 
child. 

Ohm. 11a thou wilt work thine own destruction, not X. 

Cut. Look to it, beware of tbo wrathful furies of a moth- 
er. 

Owes. Bat how am I to escape those of my father if I neg- 
lect this t 

Cut. L a living woman, scorn to be vainly making my 
moan to a sepulchre. 

Ores. Ay, for the into of my father wafts 1 down upon thco 
the doom that now awaits thco. 

Cltt. Ah me I this is the serpent that I bore and nurtured. 
In truth the panic occasioned by my dreums has been indeed 
proplictic. 

Out-*. Thou didst in truth slny one whom it becamo thoo 
not, so suffer what becomes thee not. 

[Quksteh forces his mother into tht palace. 

Cii. Let us then bewail the two-fold calnmity even of this 
wretched pair. And since the hapless Orestes hath nttaincd 
tho consummation of ninny slaughters, this notwithstanding 
we prefer, that the eye of tho house has not fallen in utter de- 
struction. 

There hath como after a time vengeance for the chil- 
dren of Priam, heavy-avenging retribution ; and there hath 
come into the dwelling of Agamemnon a two-fold Hon, a 
two-fold Mars. The exile of whom Apollo spnko hath been 
successful 1 in every respect, having been rightly excited by 
tho counsels of heaven. Celebrate ye with a loud shout the 

1 Compare Henry VI., port 3, IV. 1 : 

Come, Suffolk, I murt waft thee to thy death. 

* Read H.axr with Schuti. or iXapi with the Mnticean MS. The pas- 
sage i> not, however, .aliifartorj, even then. I nhall not offend against 
common kmo hr quoting Klauscn'a attempted explanation of the com 1 
bod reading. Pale; with much ingenuity propose* IfmKt, 



170 THE CHOEPHORI. [980-1014. 

tbcnnore behold ye' — ye that are hearers of these ills, the 
contrivance, the sliocklcs of my unhappy Git her, both the fet- 
ter* for hut bands ami the yoke for his feet ! Stretch it out, 
and standing round in a circle display the robe tliat enshrouded 
the hero, in order that the Collier mny sec— not mine, but ho 
that bebokieth till those tilings, the Sun — the unhallowed do- 
ings of my mother t that so ho may be present to me In my 
trial soma future time, as an evidence, that with justice I pros- 
ecuted this doom ; of ray mother I mean, for I am not speuk- 
ingof that of iEgisilius, for lie has undergone the sentence of 
an adulterer, as Um law prescribes. But alia who plotted this 
detestable deed against a husband, from whom she hod boon 
wont to bear the burden of children beneath her tone— a 
burden once dear, but now, as is plain, a hostile ill— what 
tli ink nut thou 7 assuredly slio was a conger, or a viper, 1 that 
could canker by a touch one who hud not suffered from her 
bite, by reason of her daring and her unrighteous spirit ; what 
»1 mil I cull it, and succeed in giving it a correct nameT a 
snore for a wild benst, or a canopy of a both that enshrouded 
the fret of the dead? nay rather, thou mightcst cull it a net 
or toils, anil a robe for snnring tho feet. A thing like this a 
robber might have in his possession ; one tlmt deceives stran- 
gers, tluit leads a life of plunder, and culling oil' many by 
this device, he might mine many a hot deed in his mind. Ho 
never woman like this nn inmate in my house : sooner may I 
be doomed by the gods to die childless. 

Cii. Abul alas for tho sad deeds! by a hateful death wast 
thou dispatched, and for the survivor also eutlcring blame. 

Onus. Did ho or did he not do it? but this vest Wars witness 
to me that tho sword of ^Egisthus stained it. The slain of 
tho goro too coincides w ' ,h tnc l ' mo C"*" '' lc deed], damaging 
the various hues of tho embroidery. Now I pruisc him, 1 now 

' Compare Shakespeare, Juliui Cauar, III. *. 

* Scu i'ak'jf. UlonifiHtl elf ganlly and truly read* ftfpaivu / rlr* Ij-iJk' 
tfv .... fiiiiXov. Peilc'n note will li-IL llir student a great deal muru 
■bout Greek aynux, than he will probably viih la remember. 

* I think with Schollield thai airu bvtAb -iVi refer f> -tnV.hu.-, and 
U introduced aa ■ touch of nature liy Iho port. Hnviiuf *l«in b<r en—ny, 
the wrath of Oreatee ia at an end. If I am WBPJ, 1 c*» oab Hieg* 'tta 
following line* of Young in my eicuae j 



178 THE CHOEPHORI. [1041— I0W. 

Argives hew witness to me, how that after a lapse of time 
these evils were dealt out by mo t but I a vagabond, estranged 
firom thu land, living and dying having left this finnc— 

Cil But since tbou liast done well, neither joke thy mouth 
to evil-omened wonts, nor witli thy tongue bodo horrors, after 
having given liberty to tlto whole slate of tbo Argives, suc- 
cessfully lopping the beads of two serpents. 

Okks. Ah I oil I ye handmaids, hero tlray ara in the guise of 
Gorgons, la sable vestments, and entwined with densely- woven 
makes. I eon stay no longer. 

Cil What fancies disturb tlice, thou dearest of men to thy 
father! command thyself bo not scored after achieving a sig- 
nal victory. 

OitN. Utey nro not fancies of theso agonies tlint ara upon 
hoi for hero are plainly llio angry hell-hounds of my mother. 

Cil Ay, for tbo fresh blood is mill upon thine hands, hence 
is it that perturbation fulls upon thy mind. 

Ores. Sovereign Apollo I now they are swarming; and from 
their eyes tltcy still loathly gore. 

C". Within there is purification for thee ; but if thou touch- 
est Loxios ho will sot tlico free from these sufferings. 

Ores. To indeed see not these, but I do see tliem; 1 and I 
-. in driven away, and can stay no longer. 

[Exit Orestes. 

Cii. But mnyest thou bo happy, and may the deity, gracious- 
ly regarding tlioc, protect thco for a belter hap. This lliird 
tempest arising out of the family, iiftcr having blown in its turn 
in tho royal hulls, like as a family wind 3 bnth como to on end. 
First of nil there were the child-devouring wretched troubles 
of Thycstcs. Next came n hero's kingly suffering*, and stab- 
bed in a bath the warrior chieftain of the Greeks perished. 
Now too once mora, third in order, there hnth come, wo know 
not whence, a savior, or should I call it doom. Where then 
is tbo violence of calamity, when lulled, to find an end; or 
where is it to reach a termination f 

1 So in Tickell's Colin ami Lucy : 

I hear ■ toico yon con not hear. 
Which sots I smt act stty; 

Which beckon* me •*•¥.— Old Tiiniution. 




THE FCEIEa 



on to Delphi, pursued by l)w F.iinnj* of Ut nntgnr Of 

Ho ii unuml of Apollo e * protection, and tbc Mm ihina— 



Athens, with their wrath) but, on Mincna assuring thrtu Uwt they 
■lull r.er lie licld in honor, they promise to confer mil poaaJMa WUms. 
inga upon tha Athenian*. 



PERSONS HEPHESENTED. 

I'yTIIUX PmBSTSSB. I GllOBT Of C LTT I ■ Html . 

;\l'lll.l.O. OlKIITK*. 

Miimi, I Ciioaua or Funia. 

rniESTEas. First indeed with tlicao prayers I honor Earth 
the lirxt-prunhctcM of the Deities: and ufter Iter' Tlicmb, 
who tlictt next Ntt on this, her mother's, orociihir salt, as a 
certain legend rims. Hut in tho third turn, [TlutnU] bains; 
willinjr, mid not in ilntjiilc of tiny one, Tttnninn l'ha-bc, another 
child (if Kurt It took the nent, tlnd hIic given it to J'huclniB M ft 
lii th-jrifl. And he hits Iiim name derived from Diecbc. Hut 
Inn in-: left llie hike itntl the Dclinii rock, having landed on 
the fhip-reeeiviiij* shore* of I'ulliif, ho entno into this land 
and to ilie wins of l'ltnuuwui. And the roml-making eon* of 
Vulcan- attend. on, J and grunt ly won>hi|i hint, rendering Um 

' There sri~iiut Komctliing very stmiigo anil olinint in the article T(f. 
Ilur^pn would road jjf. On tlio mythology of this pasmjre are the notes 
of .Stanley anil llloinficld (in Lin wood's editiati), and Miilkr, EuBtenid*-- 
</ 01, ]> 313. who rcmsrks that d;) in ». 3, must bo taken in ctoee e 
tiiriinii with tA /if rnof, H the primeval Prophclcs* Earth bring an t — I 
in tin- posaruion of (ho sacred neat liy her daughter Themis, by a kind 
ktrtiiitry right; tho latter transferred it with good tall to her stater 

' "Thia denotes the Athenian* at descended from Erichthoruaa. CC 
Hmych. s. v. 'llcxuorfddui." M tiler, note, p. 81*. Cf. Oreo. 8ibrlL. 
>ct. p. .-,0, i juft'er }c?ounf 'F^rlWisHi yevM-nt. 

Or "encon in |iomp." Sco my note on Soph. Ant. 1133. On Ian 
early-funned road here mentioned, cf. 11 tiller, Dorians, II. f 14. 



180 THE FURIES. fW— *tt 

rough earth smooth. But the people honor exceedingly him 
having come, am] Dolphin who sways the helm 1 of this land. 
And Jove having niiule him innpircd in mind with the art, 
■emu him here llio fourth seer an the throne ; nnd Loxias* is 
tlM prophet of his father Jove. To tlicxo deities I prcludo my 
address with prayers. And Prontnnn I*ii11ns is celebrated in 
story. And I tvncnitc the nymplis, where is the Corieinn 
hollow grot, bird-loved, llw haunt of Deities. Itronitus too 
possesses tho rrohii, nor am I forgetful of it, from tlio timo 
that the gad led on Ids Bacchants, having plotted death for 
Penthcus like a hnre; and invoking tho fountains of llistus, 
and the might of Neptune, and perfect highest Jove. I then 
sit down a prophetess on the throne ; and now mny tho gods 
grant that I obtain liy far tint best of former entrances, and if 
any from tho Greeks are present, let them advance hnving 
obtained their turn by lot, as is tho rtwtoni ; for I prophesy 
as Die god may direct. (■&'/«• enlcii Ihe temple, and ludtlenly 
return*.) Certainly things dreadful to tell, and dreadful to 
bcliold with eyes linvo sent ine back from the abodes of Loxins, 
so that I neither have strength, nor enn uplift my *.tc|«: but 
I run with my bands, not by swiftness nf legs ; for an affright- 
ed old woman is nothing, like a child [in strength]. I creep, 
indeed, toward the shrine of many garlands, 3 and I behold at 
tho marble navel stone 1 a man under the curse* of god, sitting 

1 Cf. Sept. e. Th. 3, 3. with lbs commentators. 

■ Compare Rabelaia. lik. HI. ch. 10. " For many liroca, in the inter- 
prrtalion of oracle*, right witty, learned and ingeniout men have been do- 
ashed through am philmlojjiea, equivoque-, and obscurity of words, no leas 
than by tho brevity of their sentences. For which cause Apollo, die god 
of vaticination, waa ■iimained Aoii'uc.** 

* Cf intpp. on Ariatoph. Plui. M; Callim. Hymn. A poll. 1; Orae. 
Bihyll. I. e. KXvn iia^rtiprprur yrfutmv tiwtiOttixrfjtr i/i&p: 

* " In llw time of .liachylui this OinphaJus waa aUiialcd in tho Adytum 
of tho Templo .... in vasr-pain lings Orrnlra is exhibited a> a suppliant 
lor protection and n pint ion. silling on llir Omphslus in ihe temple, ci- 
oetly aa deacribed by .-Kaehylus." — Mil Her. Euin. p. 89, 00. Sco tho 
whole pannage. Il must l« observed thai Orcstrs could not have, flown 
to lbs temple of Apollo for refuge, tiniest he had previously undergone 
purification. See below, 9H0, son. Thus tbe Sybarites were driven from 
Ihe temple by Pythia on account of the murder of a citliem-p layer, at yet 
Bnripiulrd ; ace .Elisn, Var. Hint. V. 4li, and compare SLmpliciua on 
Ej.ict. 4 38, p. SAO, rd. Nalmaa. Ari> tot. Pol. II. 3, 

* See Ijnwood'i I* J icon. 



w> a Mitntiiitnl, wilJi hw hawUi dripping with Wood, nnd lioM- 
ing n newU-drowu 1 nwonl, raid u high-grown brunch o f dirt, 
wrentheU decorously with much- wool, will, a while fl.w«i 
for to 1 will clenrlv ileeltuv. It'll U'lorc tin* limn u wondrous 
troo» of women rieep* Mitcil L» tlw r*nt« ( by no menu* wom- 
en, but (iorgoM 1 cull ihcm ; nor njpiin will I liken them to 
Gorgon form*, 3 [for] I huve ncen once on » time [llie. Hurpic*] 
puintiil, currying otTlhc food of I'hinctmi but llwi-u mv winy- 
1cm to bcliolil, mill black, iiWmi [nubia in kind. And they 
snore willi biviilhing* nut la be uppmiu'licu 1 , mid from Ihcir 
eye* Ihcjr ilislill luilcful violence 4 Anil ilicir tfrtM i» fit to 
wcur neither nt tlic imugvn of gwU, nor within the dwelling* 
of men. 1 linvo not beheld tlta tribe of this pi»niliood ; nor 
[do I know] wlini Uuul enn bonrt of liuvhtg nourwlietl thin nice 
witb impunity, mi n* not in groun on neeaunl of iln trouble*. 
l<ct wbiit ciimii ■» now be it euro lo tlio ruler of lltcM uIkmIch 
numbly 1/ixinit himwlf : but lie 1» lienling-HCr mill ilivincr mid 
purifier of nboiW lo other*. [The wlrriur of the frMpfe, irvM 
the trijM-l ami ottt/i/mlmt, in tHnrlimil, ami Oni-.sn*.* w •lueorrml 
Kiting vi the tmjifmli*, the cktrut vf FUUUM tktft*$ M teat* 

1 Eur ■, rendu vnemffr. The coiniiiuii resiling in rrrUiinly ink- 

* Tim wi.nl u*nl for thii tiurpfMH) wan of n irrenl length. 8re Dimkirf 
Still, /trjiirtv In lnu ,i U n-irt-Ji>M qiithrl, in.il llm rc|H-l ilii.il i^ijf/ri piUii 
far from iili'ium?. I nm nui 1 ».-■ j ■ muku ■• iliii ihe iij-".i;;e in intern*. 
bled, ««J thm w D „l,mil.l -imply mi, 

i',pj7/ri i,n'/.,\- nu^pfn-ui in?r/i/iiva*. 

* Sw 1.,- nil mc-in* Miillrr. * 03, p. SIS, m\i\. 

* But liurjW riui>inl:ilif.ii. ilia, i- mi.iiiitiiiiUNtv lulupln] |.y Dimlorf, 
I.iiiwikuI nn.l I'alry. Itrmlrr it " rheum," " mm." 

\>«ir Jin- nliv.iyi iliaplmiim] Dio. In llir llr«( |iln«* the li 



likor 1 



I" mnke on iim.i-ri'..- ,iry plni«i-. ntnl there 

f run l«" ojminnil. The Hrliolia*! 
MtHi'j whieli in IoIIluvciI liy Hcliuli, Pale/, and 



o liltia riouU tli.it .'i:»;li)hi« wruto 



Acam. U-h'.'. +„;,;,; ,r ,; 






/j T nin ,™r ,;;,;- nr T , ; ,r ,;„,„■. ,,„-,„. K ;,y rl . Kur. Hcmd. 
* Adrwtu., in Hgrodoi. I. M. 



18* THE FURIES. [64— 9a 



mromnd km, Apollo *mdmg ly kk «&, and IIebxes in U* 
lackgrommd. 1 '] 

Aroux>. lij no means will I forsake you ; but till the end 
standing near you as a guardian, even though far off, to your 
enemies I will not be gentle. And now you behold theso 
mad ones caught; but tho abhorred virgins, aged children 
have fallen in sleep** whom neither one of tho gods, nor man, 
nor beast, at any time embraces ; but for the mike of evils 
they were born ; since they inliubit evil darkness, mid Tar- 
tarus beneath tlie earth, tilings liatcd by men and Olympian 
gods. But ncvertlieless fly, nor bo softened in spirit; for 
they will pursue with impunity you even tlurough tlie long 
continent as you proceed* along tho land trod in your wan- 
derings, and over tlie deep, and the sea-girt cities. And bo 
not wearied, driven herd-like 1 through this toil : but coming 
to tho city of 1'nllus sit down having taken in your arms* the 
ancient image ; and there, having judges of these things and 
soothing words, wo will Hud means, so as completely to deliver 
you from tlicse toils: for truly 1 imnaiadod you to slay your 
mother. 

Okestes. King Apollo thou knowest indeed to be just, and 
since thou knowest this, learn al*o not to be unmindful, but 
your power is an itxsumnco that you will do things wclL 

A p. ltcmcmber, let not fear ovcrcomo you in mind. And 
do you, my brother, of a common father's blood, Mercury, 
guard him ; and, being very rightly named, be a conductor, 
taking care of this my suppliant. Jove reveres excessively 6 
this [thine] office, coming to mortals with well-conducting 



1 In tho stage directions in this play, I have followed Mullor. Com- 
pare KuincniuVs, p. 01—4. 

• There in much nwkwanlnr m in the change of roniitrurtion. *a? itl? 
points to the fart of the Furies bring overcome, an an instauco of Anol- 
lo'a previous asurrtion. irraoiitai muni, I think, bo taken as a nomina- 
tive alwolute. Verses 71, 2, seem to me out of place. 

• See Palev. 

• This is Wakefield's interpretation, approved by Wicsolcr and Lin- 
wood. Palcy prefers, " brooding over." 

• Cf. Jclf, Gk. Gr. Y 646, obs. 

• Ixtofiuf, Hermann's emendation, is approved bv Dindorf. Perhaps 
twoftov orfiac would be better. So doircr fwofioi, Uhoeph. 483, o7«ar lv 
popov, CappL 884. 



*~r 



M-134 ] THE FU1UB8. 

fortune [Exit Oukjtes, conducted hy Iliuonca. Thm Ghat #/ 

(iiiosrr op CLrrKUXimiA. Sleep on, will yot* and i 
need in there of nkt a pe»1f But I thut dishonored by 
among the otlior dead, boctuwo I wtm a *inycr, reproach 
the doiul ccu*c* not : and iu di*graco I wamkr 9 and I < 
to you that I have the grcuteot reproach from tfaoaa. Hat 
having guttered thuH dreadful things from tuoao moat dear, 
none of the deities i* enraged on account of nio, • lnimhtot jt d 
by matricidul huntl*. lie hold tlie*a Mown on tlicc, my heartr* 
for the Numbering mind i* keen in it* eyes, 4 bat during day 
the fate of mortal* can not forum* futurity. Full oAuuliwM 
have yo tn*tcd of my ottering*, 8 °°^ 1 winc-km libatioiM, ft 
pcrntc *oothiug gift*, and 1 have offered at tho hearth of 
nightly solemn fcu*t* at an hour common to none of tho godfc 
And all thc*o thing* I behold trampled under tho I100L liat 
he i* gone having e*cupcd liko a fawn, and moreover lightly 
has hu ru*hcd from tho midrt of tho toil*, liaving greater 
laughed at you. Hear what 1 have mud in helmlf of litis my 
*oul, O godde**c* liciicuth tho earth: for I Clytcninc*tra, a 
dream 7 now call uixm you. Snore on, but Uie man it gono 
flying afar: for the goil* of Hiipplication aro friendly to my 
relative*, not to me," Soundly you dumber, and pity not my 
fmtfering ; but O route* murderer of me hi* mother is 
Do you cry oh I do you dumber? will you not quickly 

1 Uurtfcs remark* that /Kuchvlun wo* tho finit who introduced __- 
tiou« ujmmi tho utagc, quoting tho Greek life of «ttschylut, ffpwftr . . . rj» 
rr\v*7/i' ikoTftr/ac kui t/)v uijtv ruv (Ua/iuruv Ktircfvfr ri Xapwpwrwrt, 
j|,r/^u/f km fitixavtui; fiufmi^ rr ah) nfyuf nuf,xi)£iv r/tkitar jptwnm> 
ror the Hpcctrc costume of Clytcmneitra «ec Midler, p. 108. 



See i\de 



™*e 1'aley. 

Thin in IVmoh'm emendation. Tho common muling U «^, 
lleriii.'iiin, ufHt A!> r/#/)'fir rumSr *<j/xl<ar «0it, which Dindorf prnfrra. 

• Stanley apponitcly tnuHert Cicero do Dio. I. 30, •• rum ot ttonino 
catuM a H«K-ietute et contAgiono corporis, turn mominit prsteritoram. 
•entia eernit, fulura provide*." 

• ftoif)' uKfHHjKojroc, Turnobui and Dindorf. Hermann mdi 

lor fi,M)TuV. 

• lJurtfc*' noto contains lomo learned illuitration* of 
proarauiy tl l0 ^h for tho 8acrif»cc« they had received. 

No fcchutz. Cf. A ff . 82. 
Ljioi. But seo Dindorf. 



mmmm 



184 THE FURIES. [1*6—174 

What tiring him been done by you except to work evibf 
Sleep and toil powerful couspircrs linvo wasted the strength 
of the fell dragon. 

Cuouus. hJeutc, scixc, seise, setae, take heed. 1 
Clyt. In dreams you pursue tlio beast, and moan like a dog 
that never leaves off the care of toil. What are you doing t 
arise, let not toil overcome you, nor be ignorant of your low, 
enfeebled by sleep. Grieve your heart by my just reproaches ; 
for to tlio wise [Mich reproaches] are liko stings. But wafting 
on him your Woody breath, wasting him with a lire of tlio 
entrails, follow, consume him by a second pursuit. 

Ciu Do you rouse, and rouse her, but I [rouse] you. 
Dost sleep! arise, and having spurned off sleep, let us see 
if any of this prelude is vain. Ah! ah! Wo havo suf- 
fered friends (certainly now I havo suffered much and in 
vain), wo liavo suffered ailliction dire, O gods, intolerable ill. 
Tlio beast has fallen from out the toils, mid is gone. Over- 
come by sleep I havo lout my prey. O son of Jove, thou 
art thievish, and thou a young god hast ridden down aged 
deities, reverencing [this] suppliant, an impious man and 
bitter to his parents, and, god though you be, you havo stplen 
away the matricide. Which of these things will 0110 sny is 
justt But to mo reproach coming from dreams lias struck 
me, liko a charioteer, with a middle-seizing goad. At my 
heart, at my liver there is present a grievous pain from a 
scourgrr, an hostile executioner, so that I havo a very griev- 
ous chilL Such things do tlio younger gods, exereixing might 
in all things beyond right. One may behold 3 earth** navel 
stone having taken on itself a blood-dropping clot about foot 
and head, so as to havo a terrible defilement of bloodnhcd. 
Hut being a prophet, thou hunt defiled with domestic ]K>llution 
thy shrine, self-invited, sclf-rnlled, contrary to tho law of god* 
honoring mortal thing)*, 3 mid having destroyed tho ancient 
fates j and sevcro to me, 4 he shall yet not deliver him (Orestes), 

1 See Midler, p. 0, and on the metrical arrangement*, p. CO, sqq. 

• I have followed Wakefield in reading 0i*>fiiiov for Ofxlvov, with Din- 
dorf, I,inwood, and Polcy, to whom 1 am indebted for tho explanation of 
tho ponaage. 

' Cf. Prom. 30. Bporotoi n/alr uxaoac nfpa Sinn?. 

4 Pearson read* tcufini ye. There is much awkwardness in & ... . kaI 
• • . . «oi .... re in these lines. Dindorf says, " notandus transitus ab 



176-S04.] THE FURIES. 

and having (loci beneath the enrth, never dudl lie be set fro* 
Hut being guilt/, lie ciliall find another avenging deity on hie 1 
haul. 

Ai\ Out, I bid you depart with tpred from thc*o abode* ; 
begone from the prophetic tdirincts !<** w™ living rer cive d 
the winged swill moke, 3 hurled from the golden strings 
send forth through pain tlie block foam [racked] from 
vomiting the clot* of gore which you have drawn* liy no 
meant* w it fitting to approach thems abode*, but wlicre then 
an* heail-i'iittitig, ep-eHlipging 1 revenges and daughter*, and the 
vi^or of boy* in injured, and dcntruction of tlie teed, and BimiaH 
ing, and stoning, [tuid where] those initialed by the nane jproom 
with much wailing. Hear, you, abhorred by the gods, efwfcaft 
a fcoHt you have the delight t but the wltolo fiuiuieo of jom 
fonn leads to this. It is tit that such should inhabit the 
of the blood-sucking lion, not to tarry 1 in these oracular 
nu nl>oniiimtion to the neighl>ors. ltcgoiic, you who feed 
without a keeper ; but none of the gods has xvganl lor such 
a herd. 

Cm. Koynl Apollo, hear our reply in turn. You yourself 
are not a sharer in those things, but have done them altogeth- 
er, lieing tlie entire cause. 

Ai\ How now? thus far extend your speech.* 

Cm. You enjoined by oracles, so that tlie stranger should 
slay his mother. 

Ar, I enjoined by oracles that ho should inflict ve ng e an ce 
on account ofhis father: what then? 

C-ii. And next you promised [to be] an advocate* of new 
bloodshed. 



wvuiula n<l tertiam prrftnnnm.'* (Compare my nolo on Apul. dp Deo 
4 ^2. |» 7/i, noto G.) Hut such a rhnngo roiilil not Imi made with such a 
cluinamchH in the eonnectiiig particles. I think we should read I 

Ktifioi rt Ai»ir/*>c toutov ovk WX\*trrm. 

1 Urivov muni bo incorrect. Dindorf reads U tiivav, "pott tlbut» qvod 
ante p.iHNUN cNt." 

* if. nrrow. 

* TIuh agreeable cntaloguo of human torture* so learnedly illustrated 
by .Stanley, vm. 188 \h thoroughly corrupt. Durgcs* emendation, muosjs 
ti ^'>.»i'i*fr icai KfiKutv uKfxjvta, seem* the lwnt yet proposed. 

4 lVrh.ijm it ih letter to take these words to signify tvrplpta0mi jm 
pvttoc, with Schiitx. 

* i.e. «o an to tell me your meaning. 

* &KTUQ U a forensic word 



S. 



Ar. And I badehlm betake himself to Uwm abodes. 
Cii. And you rovilo forwooth Uwm [his] attendants. 
At. For it is not proper Hint they should como to thou 
abodes. 

Cii. But this Is commanded to us. 

Ar. What honor Is this T boMt of n glorious office, 

Cik Wo drive tlio murderers of their mother from tboir 

Ar. But what [of tho slayer] of a woman who lias deprived 
bar husband of liibt 

Cil The blood of kindred should not bo shed by kindred, 

Ar. Certainly, tit© nuptial troth, pledged undur connubial 
Juno and Jove, would bo altogether without honor, anil would 
•.rail nothing. Hut Venus is coat away, disliouorcd, by these 
words, whence arim to inortiJ» Ihc dearest joys. For tho bed 
is appointed by fate to nuui nnd woman, nnd is grcnter 1 than 
an oath, wlten guarded with justice. If, therefore, you are 
gentle to thoso who slay each other, so tlint it comes to past* 
that you do not even rcgiird them with nngcr ; I sny tlint you 
unjustly drive Orestes into cxilo : for I know that you nro ex- 
ceedingly wroih at llio ona party, but manifestly treating tho 
other more quietly. But tbo goddess Pallas shall regard the 
justice of these things. 

Cit. That man never, in any respect, will I abandon. 

Ar. Do you then pursue, and take to yourself more toil, 
'Cii. Do not you detract from my honors by your words. 

Ar. I would not receive your honors, so as to posses) 
them. 

Cii. For, altogether you are called great at tho throne of 
Jove. Nut I (for a mother's blood brings on punishment) will 
pursue this tnun, a huntress Fury. 

Ar. Hut I will aid, and deliver tho suppliant: for dreadful 
amonf; mortals and among gods, is the wrath of a suppliant, 
if willingly I should forsake him. 

Oius. J Queen Minerva, by the commands of Apollo I am 

* See Palej. 

* Palr-y thui explain! /if) yrviaBai /iqiP Ixoirrnttv. Jclf, 4 670, clawi 
the pause* amoriff the nwUnce* of the infinitive with (ho article being 
put for the infinitive without iL Dimlorf ursfcn Mcinoko'i emendation, 

1 " The ecene U ■hilled to Alien*, and the tempi* of Apollo trtas- 



188 THE FURIES. { 



262—280. 



ground, can not btf recalled, alas! tho lifo's blood, poured on 
the plain, in gone. Hut you needs must suffer punishment in 
your turn, so that I suck from you alive the red gore from 
your limbs ; and may I bear from you the taste of a draught I 
dire to quaff; and having wasted you away I will laid you 
alive below, tliat 1 you may sutler a return for the matricidal 
woe. But you shall behold, 3 if any other too of mortals has 
sinned, acting impiously cither toward a god, or any guest, or 
dear parents, each having things worthy of justice. For mighty 
Pluto is tho judge of mortals below the earth, and he looks 
upon all things with recording mind. 

Okks. I, taught in evils, know many ablutions; and to 
speak, when it is proper, and to be silent in like manner : but 
in this thing I was enjoined to speak by a wise teacher : for tho 
blood sleeps and fades from my hand, and the matricidal pol- 
lution is washed out. For heing fresh, at the hearth of tho 
god l'hccbns it was tarnished by ablutions from the sacrifice of 
swine 3 But it would be a long talc to me from the beginning 
[to tell] how many I approached with harmless intercourse. 
Time removes 1 all things growing old at the sumo time. And 

ing to place himself in our power." But I can not help thinking that 
Stanley** interpretation, " vult rune reus manuum, i. e. ca?di* pcractB," i* 
right, and that tho cxprrKitioii in o forensic one. Hesychius interpret* 
vffodfffor, vxtvOinitc, xprvartfii /ro^oc iVftiyr. Pollux, VIII. 6, p. 3H2, cd. 
Sober, makes it equivalent lo ffarafhffoe. It probably if bent understood 
mm i liavc translated it. 

1 Dindorf read* urrixotv' «ic, with Schutz. 

• Cf. Aristoph. Kan. 140, sqq. ; Virg. Aln. VI. 648; Tibull. I. 3, 67. 
For the general sense compare «Ewhin. Socrat. Axioeh. $ 21, vooic d> rd 
£Jv 6tik KaKovp^rjfuiruv ii'/jllhh uyovrai irpof 'Eptvi'vuv in' "K/>r/foc nal 
Xuor, dib TapTUfKW ' irOa £u/joc uor f iuv. For the Platonic descriptions 
sec Wyttcnb. on Ptut. fragni. p. 137, sq. at tho end of his edition of tho 
De Sera Num. Vindiota. 

3 Seo the notes of Stanley. 

4 Dut KaOuiftci should bo read, with Stanley. Hermann would erase 
the line. Durges transposes it ingeniously, but with too much alteration 
of the text. I think its proper place is before v. 276, at tho beginning of 
Orestes' speech, which I would read thus : 

Xpovoc xaOaipci ndvra yrjpuoicuv dfiov. 
ku}u> (hdoi'tfr/c Iv nanoif iTiarafiai 
woXXoi\ itatkipfio\%, «. r. A. 

Tho enunciation of a proverb could find no fitter place, and the iroTihA 
KaOapfiol would be the natural result of Orestes* experience, in the purify* 
ing eJlccts of time. 



BJBj 



100 THE FURIES. [340—393. 

free. But over the victim [be this the] foog, fraught with 
madness, distracting, mind-dcwtrojiug, the hymn of the Furies, 
that charms minds, without tlio lyre, that causes shriveling 
to mortals. This lot was assigned to us at our birth: to 
keep our hands from the immortals, nor is there any common 
feeder with us; and of white garments am I over destituto and 
devoid. For I tako upon myself tho overthrow of Ikmiscs, 
when Mars, being kindred, has shun a friend. Him intently 
pursuing, oh! strong though lie be, we destroy, because of 
newly-shed blood. Ami earnestly striving to take away from 
another this care, and to effect an exemption for the gods in 
regard to prayers offered to me, and not to como into question 
of arbitration :* for Jcve deems unworthy of his converse this 
blood-dripping justly-hated band. For suddenly leaping from 
above, I bring down tho strength of my foot with heavy fall, 
limbs that cause the swift 3 to trip, an intolerable calamity. 
And tlie thoughts of men even when very lofty beneath the 
sky, waste away, and decrcaso down to earth unhonored, at 
our approach clad in our black garments, and at the hated 
dances of our feet. But falling ho knows not this, through 
his foolish distraction : such darkness hovers upon the man on 
account of his crime, and rumor with many groans proclaims 3 
tlie murky cloud against regard to the house. For 'tis fixed. 4 
But wo arc* both quick of contrivance and jwrnovcring in 
accomplishing it, and awfully mindful of evil deeds, and ira- 
placablo to mortals, executing an office ignoblo and unhon- 
ored, apart from gods with a sunless torch, in a way alike dif- 
ficult to bo trodden by those who see and by tho blind. Who 
then of mortals dreads not and fears these, hearing lny office 
confirmed by fate, given perfect from tho gods: but my an* 

1 Sec Paler. We mutt read ©Vro wep, with Hermann, and orovdo- 
fiiva with Durgcs. See Dindorf. 

• Lin wood prefers ofaXtfiti wep ratwhjopoff, referring to Muagr. on 
Soph. Ant. 779 ; Ulomf. on Prom. 039. Tho common reading ho would 
translate, " exerting in running their stumbling limbs." 

• Palcy prefers taking avforai passively, and &xMv as an accusative 
•f consequence, "qua) et ipsa sit caligo Icnchrosa." Jelf, $ 660 (as 
would appear from the Index), follows the usual interpretation. 

4 Hermann compares Agam. 1603. 

• The scholiast rightly supplies fo/icv. Cf. Jell, f 376, «. 

• L i* the living oi the dead. 



303-484.] THE FURIES. 191 

cicnt lionor remains to me, nor do I moot with ignotniar, 
though iKwuewing a station beneath tho earth and sunless) dan* 

nCHH. 

Min. From afar I lienrd tho sound of a voice from Scumd- 
der, where I occupy, 1 n laud which in truth tho leaden and 
chief* of tho Greek*, a great portion of tho captured pow 
won*, assigned forever to me, root and branch, a chosen gift 
to tho children of Theseus. From tlicnco 1 havo conic, plying 
an unwearied foot, without wings with rustling noi*o brand* 
i»hing my hollow n'p*, 3 having yoked this air to \\ 
steed*. Hut beholding this strango coni]mny, I am by 
means afraid, but a wonder is before my eyes. "Who, 
are you? I speak to all in common: both to this _ 

seated at my image, and to you resembling no race of ImJMi 
produced, nor beheld among goddesses bv gods, nor yet li£» 
to mortal forms; but for neighbors to speak ill of one defamed 
is far from pro|>cr, and justice is absent from it. 

Ch. You shall hear all things briefly, duughter of Jovot 
for >vc arc tlio children of dark night, and wo are called Fu- 
ries in the abodes beneath tho cartlu 

Min. I know indeed your race, and fiuno according with 
your name. 

Cn. You shall quickly for certain now hear my honorm, 

Min. I would learn them, if some one would give a plain 
account. 

Cn. Wc drive man-slayers from their homes. 

Mix. And where is the end of flight to him who has slain T 

Cn. Where to rejoice is by no meuns usual. 

Mix. Do you proclaim such flight for this man toot 

1 Dut compare Mullcr, p. 1S3. " Minerva says she heard tho voles of 
O rent cm from nfur at tho hanks of tho Scamandcr, whero aho had /Wo* 
stalled foreign usurpation hy taking jhm session of the country assigned 
a meed of honor to the Athenians and to herself by tho Allied Uroc 
heforo Troy. This is ohviomdy tho meaning of tcara+Oarwfiivw, not oh 

f\y = KaTdKTufiivr), as Hcnychiu* explains it t but=^Auvouoa «anurrttfc6q*. 
tin well known, that from tho time of Phryno oml Pittaeus tho Athe- 
nian h were engaged in a dtsputo with the Lesbians respecting the cooot 
of Tro.iw round Sigrium." See the erudito note of Stanley. 

a Dothr's conjecture, A/;ruo, it very elegant, Minifying tho JEm&sm 
Sea. But nee Mullcr, p. 103. I can not very clearly understand Ifinsr 
Vu'n mode of conveyuaro. It was doubtless something very ~ a ~~~ 



J^^ mmmmtim ^J mtm . -t .„. ^ «r .. ».*.«•—- -- 



102 tHB FURIES. [4S5-4M. 

Ch. |T«k] Forte kit thought proper to be the murderer 

of his mother. 

Mm. Not dreading the wrath of any other necessity t 

Cu. For where ie such an incentiro as to stay a moth- 
ert 

Mm. Two parties being present, half the tale k present. 1 

Cu. Bat bo would not merte an oath, nor k willing to give 
one. 9 

Mot. Yon wish rather to hare the fiuno of justice than to 
act according to it. 

Cil How eat declare) for you are not deficient in wise 
words*' 

Mm. I soy, that by oaths, unjust things do not conquer. 

Cu. But inquire, and anjudgo an upright judgment. 

Mix; Would you commit even to me tho decision of the 
causot 

1 t. r. I hare only heard one tide of the question. 

• M These words can not be understood without first of all bearing In 
mind the original signification of fyNcof ; namely, the object whereby ono 
lakes oath and binding on the conscience of the party taking oath. This 
object is named to the challenged by tho challenging party ; for instance, 
the head of his child, or such and sueh gods. This U called firing an 
sfNcsr. In the next place, it must he kept in view that an oath of this 
kind, demanded of, or tendered to one party by the oilier, forms part of 
the evidence. For that evidence required a challenge (nyxkAjpHr) and 
the acceptation of it : both parties must be agreed to rest the decision of 
the suit on the oath of one of the two parties, before the oath could bo 

admitted and stand as substantivo evidence The meaning then 

of what the Erinnys say is this: * Orestes will scarcely allow us to name 
tho oath which he shall take to attest his innocence, nor will he readily 
consent to let the verdict depend upon our swearing to his guilt by wliat- 
ever oath he shall please to propose to us ;' and they are perfectly right 
in their opinion. But Minerva very properly refuses to admit such a 
mode of decision in this case, as being a mere show of the right, by which 
she will not allow the wrong to gain tho day." — Miillcr, p. 177, sq. Tho 
same elegant critic observes that /Eschylus does not allude to tho cus- 
tomary oath used in tho Court of Areopagus— {on which tho student 
may compare the following passages of tho Greek Orators : Dcmosth. in 
Anstocr. p. 042 ; Antiphon do csjdc Hrrod. p. 710 ; Lysias in Thcomn. 
p. 352, 3 ; Dinarchus in Demosth. p. 36, ed. Iieiske) — " because it has 
no specific significance in this particular case ; just as the oath of tho 
Areopagitcs to do strict justice is frequently referred to in the course of 
the rAay, hut is not actually administered in tho theatre." 

• Bat MS. Neap. ircAci, whence Linwood would read oh> wiktt. 



436—471] THE FURIES. MS 

Cii. And bow not t o* we reve ren ce you worthy of worthy 

things. 1 

Min. AVliut do you wish, O stronger, to answer In 
turn to these thing* ? Hut having tohl your country and 
and your misfortunes, after tliat repel this charges i£ trueting 
to justice, you sit kcqring station ni thin imago Inside wry 
shrine, a venerated suppliant after tho fashion oflxiou.* *& 
all these answer something cosily understood by me* 

Okk*. Queen Minerva, first will I rcuiovo tin groat 
[evident] from your lost words. I am not contaminated, 
does pollution odhcro to my hand tliat clasp* 1 your imsem 
And I will tell you a great proof of tlioso thing*. It fa the 
law that ono whoso liamb arc stained with murder be eUont, 
until by a man who cleanses from tho impurity of blood, tha 
slaughter of a young victim have sprinkled him with gorcw 
Ixuig since I have been thus purified at other abodem, both 
with nninmls, and llowing streams: therefore, indeed, I dia* 
nii?*H this your core, J hit what my raco is you shall quickly 
hear. 1 am an Argive, and well do you Know my fitfher, 
Agamemnon, 1 leader of naval heroes; with whom you made 
tho Trojan city of I lion no city. He perished not gloriously, 
having eomo to his homo: for my dnrk-souled mother alow 
him, having wrapt him in artful toils, [and slio lierselfl bom 
witness to the murder of tho bath. And I returning Lome, 
having l>ecn an exile the time lieforo this, slew her who gave 
mo hirtii) 1 will not deny it, with the vengeance of rctributoiy 
slaughter, on account of my dearest fatlier. Ami of thceft 
things Apollo is in common guilty, declaring sting-like woe* 
to my heart if I should not do some of these tilings to the 
murderers. But do you, whether justly, or not, decide the 
cause ; for however I shall have fared with you, I shall aaeont 
to your decision. 

Mix. 'Hie thing is too great, if any mortal thinks to judge 
it ; nor yet is it luwful for mo to determine a cause of slaughter 

1 I hIiouUI prefer u&av lira$io{ (cf. Soph. (Ed. Tyr. 133) to any 
eonjorturoH yet propound. 

* An etymological nlhiHion. Sec Mullor, p. 144. 

* IVmtlorf prefer* ift/iuvov, with Durge*. 

* Thin paMKago aoema to have been in Uio mind of lihtninii ia Ms 
[ttttuo of Orc»tc», t. 1. p. JW3. 

I 



104 THEFURIE8. [47S-4M. 

quick to wrath, and especially if 1 700 indeed having prepared 
at the same time, have come a suppliant pure and guiltless to 
my abodes. But nevertheless I receive you being blameless 
in my city. But these possess an office not easily set aside, 3 
and not having obtained victoty: poison from their minds 
having fallen thereafter upon the plain [will be] an intolerable 
dire disease. These tilings, indeed, are so : that both remain, 
hot to dismiss both, without injury is impossible for me. 3 But 
since this thing has come hither, choosing 1 sworn judges of 
muidcr I will moke a law forever. But do you call as evi- 
dence and proofs, oaths to aid your cause. But I having so* 
lectcd the best of my dtisen* will come, to determine this mat- 
ter rightlv, those who give no unjust oath in their minds. 5 
Cn. Now [will] there bo a revolution of" new laws, if the 
and guilt of this matriddo shall prevail. This deed 
by its facility' will prompt all mortals to [the same] and 



1 ffti, 1. c. ffoi r/ f Paky*s conjecture, seems correct. See hi* note, and 
SptUner's An* Excursus on the Iliad. 

• 1. 1. but the nature of these is such, that they can not be easily dis- 
missed. The construction is very irregular, rvxotoat the scholiast con* 
aiders aa put lor n»,foeowir. With the following words we must under- 
stand fore*. There is the same want of a finite verb in Sept. c Th. 189. 
Kjoarofaa mtv vfy ovX' tfufyTov Opuoof Aeioaoa d\ oZ«t> xal *o2ri 
wAior kmkov. This is not the case in the examples in JclPs Gk. Gr. 
♦ T07. 

• This is clearly absurd, veuetv is the conjecture of Paley ; ff kXtU of 
Iinwood. Dindorf distinguishes and reads thus : Toioira ftiv tu& tori* 
y t +o rtpa , ftfveip, Tlefiweiv re otoingpavr* a/i»virwr //**<', t. e. •• whether 
they stay, or I send them away.** But in such opposed phrases the verba 
generally refer to the stmt person. Perhaps jEschylus wrote, 

rotafrra fitv ra<T Itrrlv uuforrpa votlv • 
we/iweip 6e Avewyfunrr' o/tyvtruf tftoL 

The reading tt/im'frwf is presenred by the scholiast. 

• Read opcuwf alpovfuvij with Pearson and Dindorf. Hence arises 
the tradition that the Areopagus was founded by Minerva. See the note 
above. 

• Read 6/ncov nopovrac with Hermann, and Qpuouv with Markland 
See Dindorf and Paley. On rii (HXrurra see Mullcr, p. 179. 

• i. c. brought about in such a manner as to break up the old institutes, 
and introduce new ones. 

1 Compare the Cend, Act 6, 4 : 

I urged him still ; 
Pleading, as I could guess, the devilish wrong, 
Which prompted your unnatural parent's death* 






1 1-4 



!■'■■' 









i 




MM 



« 
1 
t 






llironrs oi tin' I-'iirics ! \\'\ 
j>. I'iiiij)-. in* i.i.'IIi.t nrwlv alii 
tin* liuii-t- of .IiiMitv lliIU. 
ri^riit place, ami controlling 
■rood to ^i'o\v wi>c umlcr mm*; 
in lii.s blithesome, heart, cith 
tiny longer reverence justice J 
rule, nor lorded over; to eve 
but other things lie differently 
word; insolence is the child • 
from sanity of mind coiner p; 
sought. JUit altogether I ki 
Justice, nor, looking to gain, 
with godless foot. For pin 
sive end awaits. Therefore 
sanctity of parent*, ami rcv< 
pitablo abodes. He who is 
sity shall not l»c unhappy; 
can never be. Hut J declare 
things contrary, will throw nl 
justice, [and shall perish] by 
has seized his sails, tho sail-yc 
vokes those who listen not, in 

And ho replied : " Paolo S 
Murdered Inn mother vcst< 
And he in fled. Parricide 
That noon, for lomn iimt r 



10G THE FURIES. [660—681 

whirlpool ; but tho dcitj laughs at the bold man, beholding 
him, no longer boasting, bound in calamity from which is no 
escape, nor surmounting the summit : but having dushed his 
former prosperity on tho rock of Justice, unwept, unknown, 
ho is forever lost. 

Mix. Proclaim, herald, 1 and keep back the people : and lot 
tho piercing Tuscan trumpet, filled with mortal breath, pour 
forth its thrilling voice to tho multitude. For this assembly 
being filled, it is fitting to be silent, and that even all the 
city forever learn my laws, and this man, that the cause may 
be duly determined. 3 

Cn. King Apollo, rule tho things that belong to you. 
What have you to do with this mutter, say ? 

Ar. lioth to give evidence hnvo I come (for this man is a 
suppliant of my dwelling 3 and a guost of my nlxxlcB ; and I 
am the cleanser of this murder) and [1 have come] myself to 
plead the cause 1 with him ; but I bear the blame of tho 
slaughter of this man's mother. But do thou [Minerva] 
open, as you know how, this cause, with a view to deciding it. 

1 Schol. Hcrmogcnis apud Mcura. Arcopag. p. 45, M T ov h 'Aptiy 
wuyu dtttaoTtjpiov, XP'I° 1 S ^pootftiuv ovk f/v, Kt/(tv$ yiip Kpooityuvti r£ 
elotovTi, fxrjre irpootfttisov, fit/re M7.cye. Cf. Thcmist. Or. XXVI. p. 
311, Hani. Tho Kt/pv^ probably was originally only employed to eall 
the attention of the people, but afterward to declare such restraint as the 
court thought fit to set upon the pleader*. Following the example of 
Muller, I shall attempt to draw some comparison between the regular 
proccM of the Areopagus and tho process here described by AlnchyU\*. 
On the duties of the k///ji*£, compare Pollux, IV. 12. According to cus- 
tom, he would here have summoned the accuser. Cf. Apul. Met. III. p. 
130, "prrconis amplo boatu cilntus accusator— cxiuirgit." X. p. 241, 
M jussus nrirco pronuntiat : patkks in cmuum convknirknt. (Juihn* 
protinus dignitatis jure consueta loea residentibus, rursum prirconis vo- 
cal u, primus accunator inctdil. Tunc demum clnmatus inducitur elinin 
reus : ct excmplo legis Attics, Martiique judicii, causa) patron us dc- 
Duntiat nrrco, ncquc principta diccrc, ncquo miscrationcm cotnmovcrc." 

• So Dindorf's text. Dut Muller, p. 101), and Palcy retain rui»o7, un- 
derstanding it of OrcKtcs and tho Furies : " el in omne tempus civitatcm, 
ti nunc ut hontmhs dijudicctvr." 

* Dindorf rightly receives 13 urges' emendation, voftifi 

4 ZiW<*oc, aw6iKTj t ovv&iKuZttv, arc generally used of the advocate 
on the side of the accused. Cf Pollux, VIII. 5, p. 382. Andocidcs do 
myst. p. 74, ed. Hciske. Dut in v. 361, the Eurocnides are styled the 
owbitoi of Clytemncstra. 



683— SO*,] THE FUME* 107 



Min. It is with you to spook, but I open the cam: 1 ftr 
the nccuscr, ppenkinjr, fin* from the oeginiun& should bo right- 
ly the explainer of the matter. 

Cii. We nre many, indeed, but wo will speak briefly! sad 
do you answer word for word, giving it in your turn s aqr 
iirxt if you view your mother. 

Okko. I view her: of this there it no denial. 

Cii. This now, indeed, is one of tho threo wresUinpu* 

Okks. You speak those boasting words on me not jet prat* 
trnte. 

Cii. Nevertheless it behooves you to declare bow you 
her. 

Ones. I will tell ; with sword-drawing band having cut 
on the neck. 

Cii. Hut by whom were you persuaded, and by whose 
counsels? 

Ouks. By tho oracles of this god; and ho bears witness to 
me. 

Cii. Did the prophet advise you to slay your mother* 

Owns. And so fur ever I blame not Fortune. 

Cii. Hut if the condemning vote shall seise you, p*»frwf» 
you will say other things. 

Ouks. I am confident, and my father will send aid from the 
tomb. 3 

Cii. Put trust now in the dead, having slain your mother 1 

Out*. For she had the concurrence of two pollutions. 

Cii. How po? inform the judges of these things. 

Oiies. Having slain her husband, she murdered my father. 

1 Compare tho paitsagc of Aptileitis just quoted. Minenra acta is */«■• 
}cj>riV* ah president of the court. (But sec Pollux, VIII. ft, p. 308,) 
" the parties plead against each other in short aim! plain sentence* ; long 
speeches bring against the usage of the Arro|»agUft as well as contrary to 
the Unto of our poet. The only one who speaks at all at length is Apol- 
lo, ami in his case it is very allowable, since he is not only advocate for 
OrcMieH, but also Excgotcs .... as such, ho expounds the nature of 
juKtitiablc homicide as well as the other exculpatory circumstances to tho 
clear comprehension of the judges.** — Muller, p. 170, so. 

1 1. c. this is one great point gained on our side. In wrestling, tho 
third throw determined the victory. See the learned note of Blnmssssj 
(apud Lin wood). 

' Compare my noto on Soph. (Ed. Col. 998. 



108 THE FURIES. [603— 63a 

Cn. Therefore you, indeed, live, but sho is free [from the 
punishment] of slaughter. 

Orks. But why did you not drive her out by cxilo when 
alive? 1 

Cif. Sho was not the kindred of the man whom she slew. 

Ores. Hut am I allied by blood to my mother ? 

Cn. Yes, for did sho not nourish you within her zone, O 
blood-stained ? do you disown tlio most dear blood of your 
mother t 

Ores. Now do you give testimony. Hut declare for mo, 
Apollo, if I slew her with justice : for wo do not deny that 
we have done it, as it is done : but if this blood seem to your 
mind justly or unjustly shed, judge, that I may speak to 
these. 

Ai*. I will speak justly to you, this great council of Minerva, 
and being a prophet I will not lie. Never at any time havo 
I spoken in my prophetic shrine cither concerning man, wom- 
an, or city, what Jove father of the Olympians has not com- 
manded. Learn, with respect to this justice, of how great 
power it is ; but I bid you obey the counsel of my father, for 
an oath by no means is more powerful than Jove. 

Cn. Jove, as you say, gave this oracle, 2 that you should tell 
this Orestes, having avenged the murder of his father by no 
means to regard the reverence due to his mother. 

Ai\ [Ye*.] For it is not the same thing that a noble hero 
should die, honored with Jove-given sceptres, and that, too, by 
a woman, not by impetuous far-darting Ikws, like an Amazon, 
but as l'ullas shall hear, and they who sit to decide by voto 
concerning this matter. For having received him on his re- 
turn from the expedition, where ho had gained the greatest 
honors in the l>cst manner according to the opinion of thoso 
well-inclined to him, 3 in the washing-place as he was passing 

1 See Mullcr, $ 48, p. 135, who fully illustrate! the difficulty under 
whieh Orestes labored in thin respect. 

1 D urges, Xiyeie am nireJe, which Dindorf seems to approve. On 
Apollo's duty as t$n) tjrt/c, see Mullcr, $ 74. 

' The passage is confessedly unintelligible. Botho rends 7 Qfhtfrat for 
itoftoatv, whieh Linwood, in his lexicon, approves, reading ufietvov 
(with Aldus), and joining u/iniov 1) tyviaai Mry/u'vn. Ho renders the 
whole passage thus : " receiving him with a bath, more courteously than 
can he expressed, upon his return from the expedition, where he had gained 
Ike utmost honors — as he was passing through the water and had rtsxktd. 



200 THE FURIES. [605- G9%. 

at band as a witness, not 1 nourished in the darkness of the 
womb, but such jx plant as no goddess could have produced. 
But I, Pallas, both in other things, as far as I am able, will 
make your state and people great, and I sent this man as an 
inmate of your abodes, that he might be faithful forever. And 
may you possess him as an ally, O goddess, and his descend- 
ants : and may these things remain eternally, that posterity ob- 
scrvo the covenant of these. 

Mix. Now I bid these according to their opinion pass a just 
sentence, as enough has been said. 

Cn. By us now, indeed, every shaft has been shot ; and I 
wait to hear how the contest will be determined. 

Min. For why? how giving sentence shall I be unblamcd 
by you? 

Cn. You have heard what you have heard, but passing a 
vote with your heart, revere, O strangers, your oath. 

Min. You Attic people now hear the law, judging the first 
cause of the shedding of blood : and moreover this court of 
judges shall remain hereafter forever to the people of j£gcus. 
But for 3 this hill of Mars, the seat and tents of the Amazons, 
when they came waging war through hatred of Theseus, and 
then built towers opposite to this new lofly-towcrcd city ; 3 and 
they sacrificed to Mars, whence the rock derives its name, and 
the hill of Mars — in this [liill], then, the reverence of the 
citizens, and its ally, fear shall restrain them from acting un- 
justly, both by day and by night alike, if the citizens them- 
selves do not tamper with 4 tho laws. But by on evil influx and 

1 Schutz read oik. Dindorf thinks something hat been lout. 

* See Schutz and Pa ley. The simple expression would havo been, ev 
6l ir«)v % \pti*t> ?y«V — hv <Jfr ty <ji t la{. 

■ Muller, p. 98, note. " The only way in which I can understand this 
passage is, that the Amazons assail tho new fortress (i. t tho town and 
citadel built by Theseus) by means of a counter-fortress of the Areopagus 
(like the Persians in Herodot. VIII. 62) ; and in support of this sense of 
uvrtm'pyovv iroAiv, I instanco the expression uvrid^civ rivd, ' to assail a 
person.* '* 

* Dindorf and Palcy read p) 'mxpatvovruv with Wakefield. With 
the sense compare I hoc rates Oral. Arcop. p. 120, ed. Auger. Wotptv uv 
toiV tv rotf u/Xotr npdypaoiv ovk dvfs;roi)c dvrac, iwetoav elf 'Apctov 
ituyov dvafiuotv, otcvovvrac ry Qvoti ;rp7<x0<M, naX fidX?Av role ^el 
vofiipotc fj raZr avruv Kaxiatf k^kvovra^. Toaovrov kiuivoi fofiov 
rol{ novtjpotf IvarreipyuoavTo, xal roaovrov ftvrjficiov tv Ty Torn? t7/( 
iavrwv uprrtft kuI oufpoovvrjt iytcarekiirov. 



202 THE FURIES. [732— 76& 

remain auditor of tllis cause, as being doubtful whether I 
should be enraged at the city. 

Mix. This is my business, that I last determine the cause ; 
but I will add this, 1 my vote, in favor of Orestes: for there 
is no motlier who produced me. Hut I praise the male in all 
tilings nave in obtaining marriage, with all my soul ; and I ^ 
am entirely on my father's side. Thus I will not set higher | 
price on the fate of a woman who slew her hud Kind, the lord 
of the house. But Orestes prevails, even if he be judged with 
equal votes. Cast out the lots from the vessel as quickly as * 
possible, you to whom of the judges this office has been as- i 
signed. 

Orks. O Phoebus Apollo, how will the contest be determ- 
ined? 

Cn. O black Night, mother, dost thou behold these 
things t 

Ores. Now is it for me tlio moment of the noose, or to see 
the light. 

Cu. But for us to perish, or to extend our honors rath- 
er. 

Ap. Count rightly the casting out of the votes, strangers, 
reverencing justice in the division ; for from one snllragc being 
absent arises great calamity, and one vote cast in, raises up a 
bouse. 

]ilis. Tliis man has escaped the doom of blood : for the num- 
ber of the votes is equal. 

Okes. O l'allas, O thou who hast preserved my house, and 
me deprived of my native land, you in truth have restored me 
to my homo ; and one of the Greeks will say u the man again 
is 3 an Argivc, and dwells among his paternal possessions," by 
the will of Pallas and of Ix>xias and of the third preserver Jove 
who rules all things, who paying respect to my father's fate 
preserves mo beholding these defenders of the cause of my 
mother. But I to this country and to your people hereafter, 
for all timo however long having inaile an oath, now depart 
home, that no helmsman of the land having come hither 

1 See the elaborate note* of Stanley and Dindorf, also Meurs. dc Arcop. 
4 10, p. 88, tqq. ; and Mullcr, p. 243, sqq. ; and p. 180, sqq. It it of no 
twe to enter farther into a question no admirably treated already. 

* i. e. again received among his fellow -citizens. On tho previous po- 
sition of Orestes, sec Mullcr, $ 60, p. 137, tqq. 



£04 THE FURIES. [810—857. 

honored, miserable, inflamed with rage, in this land, ah, ah 1 
will pour forth, in return for my sorrow, a drop from my heart 
on tho ground causing sterility, and from it a venom destroy- 
ing leaves and children (O Justice !) rushing on the plain, shall 
cost mortal-destroying stains in the country. Shall I groan ? 
what shall I do? what will become of me? I have suffered 
things intolerable to the citizens. Ah ! most wretched in truth 
are tho daughters of Night grieving for their disgrace. 

Mis. You arc not dishonored, nor, through your excessive 
wrath, do you goddesses make the land of mortals incurable. 
I too have trust in Jove ; and what need to say any thing of 
that? And I alone 1 o£ gods know the keys of the abodes in 
which the thunder is sealed up : but there is no need of this. 
But persuaded by me, do not cast forth upon the ground the 
fruit of a froward tongue, causing nil things to turn out ill. 
Lull the bitter rage of the black billow, as venerated and a 
dweller with me : and hereafter having forever the first-fruits 
of the sacrifices of this ample realm, for children and the rites 
of marriage, you will praise these my words. 

Cii. Hint I should have suffered these things ! alas ! that I 
wretched should dwell on earth ! alas ! a di*honorublc pollu- 
tion! Therefore I breathe forth my rage, and all iny wrath. 
Oh 1 oh 1 Earth ! alas ! what anguish pierces my sides ! hear 
my rage, mother Night! for the crafty wiles of the gods havo 
deprived me of my public' 2 honors as if of no account. 

Mix. I will bear with your passion ; for you arc older; and 
certainly indeed you arc much more wise than I : but to mo 
too Jove has given no small share of wisdom, Hut you hav- 
. ing come into a land of strangers will he loved by this coun- 
try: I foretell these things: for time as it rolls on will be 
more fraught with honor to these citizens. And you shall 
possess a seat at the abode of Erect lieu*, honored by men and 
by the train of women, such as you never could obtain from 
other mortiils. But do not you in my realms cast cither bloody 

1 Cf. Senrius on Virg. JEn. I. 46, quoted by Stanley. For the enter- 
tainment of iho reader, I will quote a few verses of Marti anus Capslla, 
P»f. VI. 

Hinc nam tergemins rutilant do vertice eristic, 
Quod dux sanguines prnrsulquc corusca duello : 
Vcl tibi quod tulgct rapiturque triangulus ignis. 

• Dindorf prefers dijvaiuv, comparing yrpac ttakaihv vs. 394 



SOU THE FURIES. [881-0=0. 

Mm. Jly no moans shall I bo tired of speaking wliat in good 
for you ; that you may never my that you, nn ancient podih n>, 
did through me a younger, nnil through men llnu dwell in cit- 
ies, depart dishonored, iiiltofpitnbly driven from this land. Hut 
if indeed the reverence of l'eraunsion is holy in your eyes, the 
soothing find winning power of my tongue, you then would 
remain : but if you are unwilling to remain, neither justly 
would you bring upon this city any vengeance or nngcr, or 
hurt upon the people. For il is in your choice to he n sharer 
of thin land with mo nt least, duly honored forever. 

Cii. Queen Minerva, what scat do you suy that I shall poe- 
■m? 

Sim. One free from idl misery: and do thou accept it. 

Cn. Grant I accept it, hut what honor then nwails mo? 

Min, That no house shall be prosperous without you. 

Cii. Will you bring this to pawt, so that I shall have so great 
power I 

Min. [Yen.] For we will render events fortunate to him 
that reveres you. 

Cit. And will you warrant this to me for all litncT 

Mm. Vest for it is unlawful for mo to say what 1 will no) 
perform. 

Cn. You seem to soothe me, and I depnrt from my rngc. 

Min. Therefore being in this land, you shall possess friend.". 

Cii. What then do you bid me wish to this land ? 

Min. Such things us regard good victory, 1 and thci-c from 
the earth, and from the dews of the sea, and from heaven, 
and the gales of the winds blowing with clear sunshine tn 
come upon this hind ; and that the fruit of the (urlli and of 
Hocks (lowing plenieously abounding to the rilim'iu fail not 
with time, and that there lie safety of mortal seed. Hut may 
you l>o more inclined to root out the impious: for 1 cherish 
free from calamity, like a gardener, (his race of just men here. 
Such bo thy aire. Hut with respect to illustrious warlike 
contests, I will not endure not to honor this city with victory 
among mortals. 

Cii. I will accept the fellowship of Pnllns. nor will I de- 
spise n city which even all-powerful Jove und Mars regard as 
the defense of the gods, tho delight of the deities of Greece, 

1 Ptlej coniideri this u an cuphrmitni ogoinul defeat. Scr hi* nola. 



fe 



1 



lit > t whriuv eume tlio llh 
li-.i'l l.ini away to iIu'mv 
wrath lay- Iiiui low i«\ * ■ 1 1 
C'n. Ami lot imt lh»* tr 
my kindnes. — ami lot [11 
bliiMtM the huds of plant? 
ijj ■ '■ : bounds of their plaeos; n 

lii' »• • creep on; ami may this 

. J lloeks wry plenteous witli 

that enjoys tho riches of 
« >t « the deities. 

J Mix. Do von hour the? 

1 , , nho neeomplishes? lor tin 

with the immortals, ami v 
resjwet to men they man 
1 . ; ■ ■ '• some indeed tho son;:, hn 

a life dimmed with tears. 
Cn. And I depiveato 
and do ye 3 £rnnt wedde* 
ruling goddesses, and fate 
we, deities of striet laws 
time heavy in your just ^ 
ored of the gods. 

Mix. I rejoieo thercfo 
[ f plishing theso things to 

l'ersmision, Iwcause she h 
against these, lioreely refn 



n. 



"••I'M,,,,, ll.lllllll, 



208 THE FURIES. [977— 10sa 

roar in Una city: nor that tho dust having drunk tho black 
blood of the citiwns, bear «wny from the. city (ho curao of 
slaughter for slaughter, tlirougli the rugc lor vengeance 1 Itut 
may tliey render lo each oilier in turn joyful offices with 
thoughts for common wciil, mid hate with one iiiiud : for this 
is a remedy for many tilings among mortals. 

Mis. Do you then, returning* to right thoughts, iind the 
way of a good tongue T From theso drend faces I sec great 
gain lo Ihcso citizens. For you ever benevolent greatly hon- 
oring those benevolent, with respect to your rightly-just hind 
and city shall nil lw illustrious while you live 3 

Cit. Farewell, in the. prospering of wealth, farewell people 
of tho city, silling nenr lo .love, dear to tho dear virgin, wine 
in time : and you being under the wings of l'ullus docs father 
Jove regard. 

Mix. Farewell, you too: but it behooves inc first to go to 
assign your abodes. To the sacred light of these conductors 
go, and while these drend victims are sucriiiccd lo you, rush- 
ing beneath tho cnrlh, keep bnek from the country wbnt is 
hurtful, but send what is advantageous for the victory of the 
city. And do you sons of Crnniius inhabiting the city, con- 
duct these new wilier*. And may the good recollection of 
benefits remain to the citi/ens. 

Cii. Farewell, farewell again, I repent it, nil yon in the eily, 
deities nml mortals, inhabiting the eily of 1'iilhis. Jtut honor- 
ing duly my settling mnung you, in no respect shall you bhutio 
tho events of life. 

Mix. J approve llm words of these your vows, and I will 
send the light of blazing torches 10 the interim) nnd netlier 
regions, with ministers who gunrd my image justly. For let 
tho eye of nil the land of Theseus come forili, nn illustrious 
band of youths, women, nnd n train of aged women; and 
clothed in purple-dyed garments honor' [these deities], and 

1 Diitiiotf and LinwooJ rend froiriir with Pauw. Palcy defend* lbs 
common rradinj;. 

' Read dflSroCoa with Hrrmann, Dinrlorf, Palcy. 

* See Palcy. Dindorf approve* of Hermann'* conjecture y!/ *al ironic 
IffloAiitaiot — waimtf, 

' Hermann Ihink* tttirc ii a lacuna. On the conclusion of tin* play, 
ef. Miillci, p. 101, Hjq., SOS. sqi|. liut (lie whole work ii n«cnli»l lo » 
complete undertaking of tlii* moil religion* of Athenian dnmu. 



[1—84 



THE SUPPLIANTS. 1 



ARGUMENT. 



Tni flight of the Danaidc* from Egypt, accompanied by their father to 
Argot, and their supplication for protection against tho lawlcsg nup- 
tials threatened them by the eons of iEgyptus. 



PERSONS REPRESENTED. 

Chorus, the Daughters op Dana us. I Pelasous. 

Danaus. I Herald. 

Chorus. May Jove, indeed, the god of suppliants benevo- 
lently regard our naval train having net Kiil from the mouths 
of the Nile with it* fine Hands, Jiut having left the divino 
land bordering on Syria we fled, sentenced to no banishment 
by the vote of the city, on account of bloodshed, but abhor- 
ring the man-shunning and impious nuptials of the sons of 
JEgyptus our kindred. Jlut our father Danaus l>oth our 
prime counselor anil leader of our flight, arranging theso 
things, determined on the l>cst of two evils (vk., the nuptials, 
or flight), that we should fly with all speed over the billow of 
the deep, and put to at the land of Argos, from whence, in- 
deed, our lineage, from the heifer rendered frantic by the gad- 
fly, and from the touch and inspiration of Jove, boasts to l>o 
derived. To what country therefore more friendly than this 
can wo come with these wool- wreathed branches of suppliants 
in our hands? O 3 city, and land, and limpid water, and you 

1 In translating thin very corrupt piny, I shall adhere as cloudy to Din- 
dorf ns is possible. As it is seldom read, and as the text is so uncertain, 
I shall not burden the text with much illustrative annotation. Palcy's edi- 
tion is the only one that will give tho student much assistance. To enu- 
merate all the various readings would fdl half a volume, but I shall no- 
tice such as seem to furnish an easy clew to tho sense. 

• I follow Hobortelli. See Palcy. 



S12 THE SUPPLIANTS. [84—134 

pressed, an nltnr, a defense from calamity, 1 honored by the 
deities. Would that [die will] of Jove would tiring to pass 
nil thing* truly, The counsel ol' Jove, is not easily traced out, 
yet in all tilings it shines forth, even in dnrkness, with black 
cnlnmily to articulate-voiced men. Hut it falls firmly not 
upon its buck, 3 if n thing In perfected by the hend of Jove: 
for the ways of the [divine] breast stretch thick and shady, 
difficult to discover. But he smites abandoned mortals, look- 
ing down 1 from his high-lowered heights, nnd no one anas 
violence unpunished by the deity : the [divine] mind sitting 
aloft* upon holy seats, nevertheless from thnt place takes 
vengeance on IL /Hut let him look to the insolence of mortal 
men, how a youthful stock shoots anew, blooming* on account 
of my nuptials, with ill-advised purpose, and having furious 
thoughts, an inevitable sting, and having resolved on an in- 
fatuated deed through d isnppoint men l.V/ Such wretched suf- 
ferings I lamenting recount, mournful, grievous, drawing tears, 
nhl alt I suited to funereal strains: J alive honor' myself 
with lamentations. I suppliant beseech the Apian land, nnd 
may you hear kindly my barbarian voice. Hut oft I fall upon 
my linen garment* with rending*, nnd niy Sidonian head- 
dress. Jtut to Iho god* just and perfect rites," matters hav- 
ing happened fortunately, shall he abundantly afforded, when 
death is absent. Ah! nhl ah! troubles dillieult to lie judged! 
where will this billow cany us? I suppliant beseech the 
Apian land, and may you hear kindly my barbarian voice. 
But oft I fall upon my linen garments Willi rciiditigey/Tho 
oar indeed and the wooden house with flaxen sails,* keep- 
ing out tho sea, has wafted mo with the breezes untroubled 

1 aput- Sec Dimliirf. 

* r. t. it ii not thrown prostrate. Tho ingenious author of the last 
Oxford Iran "111 ion, who certainly know more alioul English than Greek, 
hu jrot through thin chorus, indeed through the whole play, without the 
ilighlesl perception of the corrupt iom of the original, rewriting the play 
in English, not rendering the Greek. 

* Hermann reads D.aiAm; anil bo Dindorf and Paley. 

* But tee Palcy, whoac edition in independable to any one who attempt* 
to read the Suppliers. 

* I read rcBoJulc with Bothe, DinJorf, and Paley. 

■ So Paley. ' n/iu. Sec Dindorf. ■ See Paley. 

* do/ief , oopor, Irabu fabnea, pro nam, ut Her. trabt Cypria. — Paley. 



i 

i 

t 




130-1M.] THE SUPPLIANT* 

by tcni|>citt*: nor do I blniuo it: but hereafter may the oM- 
* sceiu*: father bring to pin* a propitious cod, 1 that the migkty 
need of our venerable mother escape, ulna I from the beds of 
men uuwedded, virgin^ Jiut again may tlie cliosto daughter 
of Jove willingly regard mo willing, keeping fixed upon M 
her drciitl countenance : and with all her might let her a vir- 
y frin defending virgins from )wr«ecuiiomv ho our deliverer.' 
£41ut if not, a blackened win- burned J race to Zagrotss/ the. 
many*guei«t-recciviiig Jove of tlie dead will we approach with 
the*e suppliant botiglis, dying by tho noose, not having obUdft* 
cd [the favor] of the Olympian gods. O Jove,* O wrath from 
the deities pursuing Io ! liut I ken tho vengeance of the wUb 
[of Jove] which overcomes lieavcn ; for a tempest will 
from a fell blast. And then Jove will ho subject to unju 
mors, having slighted the son of tlie licifinr, whom he 
once Wgot, now keeping his eyes averted from our prayers f 
hut may he favorable hear u* from alwvo when invoked. O 
Jove, O wrath from tho deities pursuing Io! Ilut I ken the 
vengeance of the wife [of Jove], which overcomes heavens fee 
a teui|icst will come from a fell blast. 

DvxAts. iNIy children, it behooves ns to bo prudent: and 
yc have come with mo your prudent faithful aged fiithcr eon* 
due tor of your voyage. And with respect to your behavior 
on land now I bid you assume 6 prudence to observe my words, 
engraving them on your minds. I see dust, tho voiceless 
messenger of an army ; the axle-driven naves are not sttfjat, 
and 1 behold a bucklered and spcai^brandishing crowd, with 

1 Dinilorf follows tho emendation of Burgcs. 

* Such hIiouM bo the serine. Hut neither that, nor any othor m—nlng 
can he elicited from tho words ns they stand. Heath reads coVvrt. I**. 
lry, aOnovn' luxpv *Ao$ah'o{ <i<tyi//roc, with much ingenuity. See his 
note. Perhaps, however, the fault lies in tho verses being wrongly dia- 
tinpiishcd, and the true reading is simply aofaXlf, Uarrt ffc MwtW 
±tu}u»ltH (f uo$a)Uuts, k. r. X. uut in such passages, As n' s f f ri fact,*)! 
ml pnrterca. » 

3 I follow Wcllaucr's yXioKTvirov with Dindorf and Palcy. Ths eoa* 
junction ;/ could not possibly stand. 

* Thin i« Hlomficld's splendid emendation, learnedly supported by Bos* 
•!<•«. Ciaihford, and Palcy. Wcllaucr's Tuv ydiov is preferred by DiodofC 
rin'; jni»n» must be corrected. 

* 1 read u Zch', 'IoOf & with Bamberger. Sco Dindorf. ' ' -» 

* Aa/top, Wordsworth, with tho approbation of Dindorf and Palsy. . >, 



214 THE SUPPLIANTS. [183—210. 

horse*, and curved chariots. Perhaps the rulers of this land 
may be advancing to us as spies, having heard [of us] from 
messengers. But whether harmless, or enraged* with fell 
wrath, they are rushing on this train, it is better, on every ac- 
count, O virgins, to sit down at this mound of the gods who 
preside over assemblies. But on altar is better than a tower, 
an unbroken shield. But as quickly as possible go, and hold- 
ing reverently in your left 3 hands the white-wreathed suppli- 
ant boughs, ornaments of awful Jove, reply to the strangers 
with modest and sad and fitting words, as becomes those in a 
strange land, clearly relating these your bloodless flights. But j/J 

first indeed let not boldness of voice follow, and let no vain f \ 

look proceed from your modest foreheads, and quiet eye. And 
be not first to speak nor tedious in your talk: the peoplo in 
this country greatly disliko it. J Jut be sure to yield : you are 
a needy stronger exile ; for it becomes not tho lowly to be bold 
of speech. 

Cn. Father, prudently to tho prudent do you speak. But 
we mindful will observe these your wise injunctions ; and may 
Jove tho author of our race regard us. 

Dan. Delay not now, but let there be an accomplishment 
of your plan. 3 

Cn. I would now have my scat beside you. 
I Dan. O Jove, pity us not utterly consumed by troubles. 
f Ch. Let him regard us in truth with favoring cyo : ho wili 
ing it, these things will turn out well. 4 
I Dan. Invoke now also this bird of Jove. 

Ch. Wo invoke the preserving rays of the sun, and holy 
^.pollo, a god once exiled from heaven. Knowing this fate, 
let him be propitious to mortals. 

Dan. Let him be propitious indeed, and readily afford 
succor. 

Cu. Whom then of these deities shall I yet invoke? 

1 There is much uncertainty about tho rending. rrOri^juvo^ Pearson, 
Barges, TcQvfjfirrof, Abrewh. Dindorf, rrfltyicvoc, Stcph. Turn. Palcy. 

• cvurifiuv, Pearson, Dindorf, Palcy. 

• In Rob. tho dramatis persons; are differently irT&nged. See Burges 
and Palcy. 

• Burgts anH SchoUield nghtW pl»ce • 2»0 nfrcr 206. See tho notes 
of Palcy. The whol* pass*^c, as j dcV* siaikia, ai feci, tLe whole play, 
is a mats oC bupeUss abaoniA^. 




I17-2S6.] THE SUPPLIANTS. 215 

Dax. I behold thin tri.lent, a sign of the god. 

C'ii. lint he litis brought us well hither, uud may he receive 
us "ell in the land. 

Dan. This other in Mercury in the riles ol'tho Greeks. 

t'11. Let him then uaiioiuirc good tidings to us freed. 1 

Dan. Urn reverence llic common allur of nil these kings, 
mid sit in n holy place like a Hock of dove*, through fear of 
hawks of tho sniua feather, kindred enemies, find polluting 
your race. How can n hird that devours n bin) bo pure! 
unil how could ho who marries uu unwilling maid from an 
unwilling fiithcr 3 lie [Hire.' not CVcll when d end in linden ran 
he who has done these tiiinp.i esc.i|>e the Unnic of lewdness. 
And there, as is the tale, tmothcr Jove who p:iwi the Inst 
judgments among the dead, judges crimes. Consider, nnd 
answer in this fashion, that this matter may turn out well to 

you. 

I'Ki.A.irn's. Of what country is litis blind that we address, 
not < ri'i'dsui iii ii- pju-li, delicately nltircd hi harliariun robes, 
and in many folds! tor this attire, of women is not Argolic, 
nor from the realms of Greece, ltut how you have (lured 
fearlessly lo come to this country, neither [announced] by 
heralds, and without n [iiihlic, host, without conductors, this 
is wonderful. Houghs indeed, after llic fashion of suppliants 
are laid by you at the altars of the gods who preside over 
assemblies. The Grecian hind will gain by conjecture this 
only (vi*., that yon are suppliants), nnd it were just to guess 
many other things, were then; not a voice to inform mo prcs- 
eut. 

C'ii. You have spoken Concerning our drew a true speech, 
ltut whether shall I speak to you as a private, person, or a 
"eeplre-beiiriiig guardian of iho temple, or chief of the 

1'i.u Answer to ilieso things, nnd speak boldly to me: for 
i ! "" J'ekisgus, mm of earth-born I'ahvcthon, lender of this 
nnd. And from me ilieir king the race of I'elasgians aptly 
taking their 11.11110 enjoys this land, and I rule all tho lorrito- 

■ \\ZU''r"- l '-'"' : ''""■■ ; '>''" T *"' Wcllaucr. 



216 THE SUPPLIANTS. [365-300. 

ry through which Algus flows, and Strymon, toward tho set- 
ting sun. But I claim as my borders the hind of the Pcrrnv 
bians, 1 and tlic parts beyond Pindus, beside the IVoninns, and 
tho mountains of Dodoua : but tho boundary of tho watery 
deep cuts it off: and beyond these part* I rule. But tliis plain 
of the Apian land long since was named on account of a man 
skilled in healing arts ; for Apis having come from the coun- 
try of Xaupactus the healing-prophetic son of Apollo, cleared 
this land from men-devouring monsters, which in truth tho 
earth defiled by pollutions of ancient blood produced, fierce 
animals, a dragon band, a dire fellowship. Of these Apis 
having blamelessly made complete and liberating remedies for 
tho Argive land, found hereafter his memory in prayers as his 
reward. Having now signs from me you can declare your 
race, and speak farther : a long oration indeed the city loves 
not. 

Cu. My speech shall be short and clear. We boast our- 
selves Argivcs as to our race, the seed of the heifer happy in 
her son : and I will prove all these things 1 say to be true. 

Pel. You relate incredible things, O strangers, for mo to 
hear, that this your race is Argive. For you arc more liko to 
Libyan women, and by no means to the natives of my coun- 
try. The Nilo might nurture such an offspring, and a liko 
Cyprian image is stamped in female forms by male artists; 
and I hear that the wandering Indians ride on pannier-packed 
camels fleet as steeds, in their land bordering on the Ethiopi- 
ans: and by all means I had conjectured that you were the 
un wedded flesh-eating Amazons, if you had canned bows. In- 
structed I would know this farther, how your race and seed is 
Argive. 

Cu. They say that Io was once key-bearer [of the] temple 
of Juno in this Argive land, whom, as chiefly and great rumor 
prevails • • • • 

Pel. Is there not a talc that Jove mingled with a mortal ? 

Cuo. And this intercourse without tho knowledge of Juno 

# • • • 

Pel. How then did this strife of the powers end? 
Cu. The Argive goddess made the woman a heifer. 
Did Jove still approach the well-horned heifer. 

• 
1 Sec tho learned notes of SUnley and Paloy . 



218 THE SUPPLIANTS. [331-368 

Pel What do you my that you entreat from these gods of 
the wwrnbly, holding while- wreathed new-cropped boughs T 

Cii. That I may not become a slave to the race of JKgyptus. 

Pel. Whether do you mean on account of hatred, or on 
account of its being unlawful 1 

Cii. Who would purchase 1 [by a dowry] their kindred as 
tbeir lords T 

Pel. 11 1 its, indeed, greater strength increases to mortals. 

Cii* And from tho wretched it is cany to turn away. 

Pel. How then can I he pious toward you ? 

Cn. By not giving us up to tho sons of JEgyplm demand- 
ing us. 

Feu You speak grievous things, (o raise a new war. 

Cii. Hut Justice defends her allies. 

1'el. If perchance die was a sharer of their affairs from the 
beginning. 

Cii. Itcvcrc tho stern of the stale thus crowned. 

1'ei. I shudder beholding these shaded scats. 

Cii. Grievous, indeed, is the wrath of Jove who guards tho 
suppliant, Son of Paliceihon, hear me with willing heart, 
lung of the Pclnsginns. Ik-hold mc a suppliant, an exile, u 
wanderer, like a whitc-sjwtled 3 heifer on the lofty rocks, where 
trusting for aid she lows telling to the herdsman her troubles. 

Pel. I behold a youthful bund 3 shaded with new-cropped 
boii£?i*[ji! 'he altars] of these gods who preside over the games. 
Dut may this business of tho guests of our city bo unattended 
■with hurt : nor let strife arise to the city from unexpected and 
Hidden tilings, for these the eity wttnis not. 

Cii. Slay Themis, tho goddess of suppliants, daughter of 
lot-directing Jove, regard in truth our linrmh-ss flight: hut 
do you, though being on old man' in mind, learn from one 
younger; reverencing a suppliant, you shall not he reduced to 
want, 1 * " • • gifts offered to the gods from a pure man. 

Pel. By no means do you sit at the heart h of my house : 
but if the city bo polluted in common, together let tho people 
toko care to work out remedies: but I could not perform a 

1 But erom is probably the true reading. See Dind. Paley. 

* Burgc*. Ai'ip iipxrbi; elegantly, Hermann, \vKoiiunTov, which Din- 
dorf prefers. * See Paley, wliatc explanation 1 have tallowed. 

* ytpatofpuv i« Burgn' emendation. 

1 Hermann baa elicited oi wrvil from the scholiast. 



220 THE SUPPLIANTS. [410— 1ST 

first indeed to the city nnd to ourselves, may turn out well, 
and that neither strife lay hold of Ilia pledge*, 1 nor that we, 
having given up you placed here in tlio wnis of tlic gods, 
bring on ourselves ft dire fcllow-dwcllcr the all-destroying 
avenging god, who, not even in (ho abode of Hades frees (he 
dead. Docs there not seem to be need of saving thought! 

Cn. Consider, and be most justly a pious receiver of stran- 
gers, betray not the exile driven from afar by godless expul- 
sion : nor behold mo dragged as a pledge from (ha scats sacred 
to many gods, O you who possess the whole swny of tho land. 
But consider the insolence of men, and guard against their 
wrath. In nowise endure to behold the suppliant led from 
the images in spite of Justice, liko a steed, mid the seising of 
my fillets and roln-s woven with many threads. For know, 
whatever you determine, thcra awaits your children and your 
house- to Buffer ft like justice. Consider these just commands 
• of Jove. 

I'm. And truly I have considered ; And the matter is driven 
to this: it is absolutely necessary to undertake n great war 
cither with these (viz. the gods) or with those (vis. the eons 
of ./Egypt us): and it is coni|ioctod with nails, like a ship put 
together by navnl wedges. But without sorrow by no means 
will there bo a turning aside. And, indeed, when possessions 
are borne as plunder from the bouse, a heap greater thnn tho 
loss, and which completely tills it up may arise from another 
quarter by the kindness of bounteous Jove. 3 And the tongue 
having darted forth unreasonable things grievous, and pro- 
voking wrath, there mny be other words to soothe the former. 
But it is necessary by nil means to sacrifice, nnd for ninny vic- 
tims to be slain for many gods, remedies of calamity, that kin- 
dred blood be not shed. Certainly I altogether pass by this 
strife ; but I wish to bo rather ignorant of, thnn acquainted 
with ills ; but may matters foil out well, contrary to my ex- 
pectation. 

Ch. Hear tho end of many modest speeches. 

Pel. I hear — and speak, your words shall not escape me. 

Cil I have girdles and cones, that confine my robes. 

' i. r. the lupplUnts. 

' Such tecum la bo the tense required, but there ii neither icon nor 
construction in lbs word* u they aow (land. I refer the reader to Din- 



522 THE SUPPLIANTS. [497—631. 

we must toko aire lest boldness produce fear: 1 and in truth 
one lias slain a friend through ignorance 

Pel. Go, attendants; for the stronger says well. Lend to 
the public oltnrs nnd seats of tlio gods : and it behooves you 
not to talk much with those you meet, leading this sailor who 
has taken refuge at the hearth of llic gods. 

Cii. To him you have spoken: nnd ho departs as ho has 
been enjoined : but how shall I act T whero (or how) do you 
■fiord conlldcnce to moT 

Pel. Leave hero, indeed, tho boughs a sign of your trouble. 

Cn. And in truth I leave them, by your authority and 
words. 

Pel. Now betake yourself to this level grove 

Cit. And bow can an unconsccratcd grove defend me. 

Pel. By no moans will wo give you up to tho rapine of 
winged birds. 

Cii. But what if [you give us up] to those more liatcful 
tlinn liOHlilo dragons? 

Pel. May wcll-omcncd words bo spoken by you addressed 
with well -omened words. 

Cii. Ily no means is it a wonder that I nm impatient in mind 
through terror. 

Pel. The fear of kings is ever immoderate. 

Cii. Do you both by wonls nnd deeds gladden my mind. 1 

Pel. Hut for no long time shall your father be nlono: but 
I assembling the people of the country, will persuade them in 
common, that 1 may render them favorable, and will instruct 
your father what ho ought to say. Therefore remain, and en- 
treat with prayers the gods of the country for those things 
which you have desire to obtain. But I having performed 
these things will return: nnd may persuasion attend me and 
effective good fortune. 

Cii, King of kings, most blest of the blest, and most perfect 
might of the perfect, blessed Jove, be persuaded, and may it 
come to pass' — avert from thy raco the insolence of men, 
justly hating it, and plungo into tho purple deep tho black- 
benched pcsL* Regarding the woman's side, renew tho 

1 Raid fovor witb Fmiw, Huipt, anil Palcy. I mynolf thoulU prefer 




THE SUPPLIANTS. 



plaining rtorjr of the beloved wnmnn our nnocsfrc**: be 
mindful you who nnliraerd lo,' liy whom wu baMt Bar* 
selves to be jwir nice, settlers tram thin hind, llm I km 
relumed into the ancient in.ck, ami the IhlWUj mthi-* *f 
tlio watchiiigs t . 'iir mother, (Itu lii'nl-lt'Ciliii-; im-iul, fn>m 
whenre lo driven' 11 liv the briM, IBm dirti-nt-ml, j«i.— ii>j; tlirttogli 
many tribes of m . and twicu by ftla having i-ut iln-.m/ii 

the billowy WU] xiiii rcachex (lie BMUfftS continent. Hut 
she. hastens through the Asian hind, ilirmigli «h.>cn-fwdiitg 
llirygia: and §1 im--"- tho dly ol'Teitthra* nl'llw Mj.i.in-. 
and tho I.jdian pbuna, and through Ihfl CHMu and 1'iun- 
phylinn mountains with furious hnsfc; 11ml tlio ever- How ia£ 
rivers, nn J tho wealthy nylon, uml the coni-abouuding IiumL 
of Venus. She arrive*, driven along by the Ming of tlu> 
winded herdsman, at the divino all-fostering grove, the enow 
fed mond, And on which coma [with] 3 ttia might of Typbo, 
tlio witter of Nilo untouched by diseases, nwddeiwd, by her 
ignominious loiln, and liy tlio ■tinging pains of raging Jobo. 
J<ut ihu mortal* who (lien wero dweller* hi tlio land, wore 
wi/cii in their mind* by pnlo fenr, beholding an unwonted 
sight, an intractable heifer mingled with a mortal, Id part a 
heifer, and in port again a woman, and tiny were ajtattaVaj 
nt llio prodij.-y. And then who WW it in truth wlio aoothad 
the much -wandering wretched lo, driven by lbs brixe T Java, 
lord of ceaseless tinio ••••••• 

but. the violence [of Juno] censes by unwanted strength, and 
by divine influence, but she drop*, tho mournful modesty of 
team. But having received tho divino load, in truo *tory, 
she. produced Iicr blameless son, ull-lmpny for length of time t 
whence all llio earth exclaim*, this is truly tho offspring of 
life-giving .love : for who could have made to coata tho peat 
inflicted by wily Juno 1 this is tho work of Jove t and saying 
that that nice is sprung from Kpnphua you will hit tlie truth. 
Whom of tho gods could I mora rightly in volt o than yon for 
jun deeds t tho creative sire who by tho touch of your hand 
became lord of lo, great all-prudent author of our race, Java 
wafting every needful device Hut neither subject to the rub 

Tho pUy upon the mom of Epaphus ie kept ap> 



Or"i.licd.' 
' ScePdey. 



SM THE KtPPLIAHTfl. 

of any aw in you less mighty than tho powerful, nor from 
•bow do yon raven any inferior. But the deed is at hand 
with the word, 1 quickly to perform what your deep-counsel- 
ing' mind intend*. 

Dam. Have courage, my children, our nfTuira an well with 
tbenatireai perfect term of the people lmvo been passed. 

Cil O hall, old man, dearest of messengers to me i but do- 
clan to na how tbo decree boa been ratified, to what purport 
the prevailing hand of tlie people ia in tlio majority*. 

Dak. The docreo baa been pneaed by the Argivea, not with 
divided opinion*, but en aa for mo to be young again in my 
aged mind. For in full assembly the air hurtled with the 
right handa [aa the people] determined tliia matter i that we 
ahould inhabit this land, free, and nut aa pledge*, nnd with 
aanctity of place among mortals i and that no ono cither of 
inhabitanta or strangers ahould lend u> away : but if vio- 
lence eliould be willed, that lie of the citizens who did not 
give Ida aid ahould bo disgraced by public exile. The king 
of the Pulncgituis drove to persuade, speaking concerning us a 
epeech to tliia effect, declaring the great wrath of Jove, that 
mrcr in after time [the god] would incream the city, and 
— ing that if a double pollution both to from the contempt 1 



anyin, 
ofatn 



I, and upon the elate, ahould appear before the city, 
it would be the food of irremediable calamity. Hearing such 
things, the Argivo people passed a decree, without n crier, 
that then thinga ahould bo: but the citizens of tlic l'clasgi 
beard the eloquent winning turns [of Uio king's speech]: and 
Jove brought about a happy conclusion. 

Cn. Come now, let us pour forth for the Argivos good 
prayers, a return for good. And may Jove, protector of 
strangers, regard Iho honors of the stranger's mouth truly 
blamelessly to full accomplish ment. Now, if ever, you coda 
sprung from Jove, hear us pouring forth prayers for dcsirublc 
things for this race: that bold llnrs may never cause to be 
eonaumed by firo tho l'ulosgian city, who witli joyless cry 
m owe down mortals in other plowed fields : since they have 
pitied us, and hnvo passed a favorable decree; but they 

> " No WMMT Mid thmn don*."— Plitj. 

• floiXtof. Suuil. Dind. 

* Sm Palcj'i eltnet note. 



I 




Ml— Til.] THE MUTUANTS, 



: nor ban 
they fumed a" decree in nwor of Uw Men, taring slighted ilia 
chum of women : reverencing Um dMne nwnser mid beholder 
not to he contented with, whom no bourn woat.l wU la bare 
h roofit in liis wroth, tor hearty bo aits *u iu For tlwy 



a tl» suppliants at Jon, tint bond nasa ;, ■; doi 
pttwvd n decree in ikvor of Uw men, ha* sli«lm 



rcvervnru u* I Iicir kindred, Um holy suppliants ; InCfD- 

fura ilii-y shall please ihogoda nt pure, altars. Therefore from 
our nivullis shaded pry bouglnfj k* Um bono ing prayer fly. 
Never let |K»ti)intca rnaka empty Iho city of I hew) m.-ii : nor 
let [duvurd 1 ] inako lilondy lite plain of Uto I.. ■- with corws 
of llic natives. And let tho flower of jontb ko oncrtapni ; 
nor let Um [xiruniour of Venus, nuvHkaUyftu| Mum mow llio 
blowout. And lot lira altars, at wblcb are apod n.inn-ur-, 
nl-uiinil witli vencrnbk) prkwtM, and k-t them bl . _■■'■■■■■ ofler- 
ing*], i hat the city tuny In rightly ruled. Let them Ww n W 
mighty Jove, tho god of hospitidity, supremo, who by hoary 
law directs tiiio. And wo \my tlutt other rulers of Uto land 
be over bom, and tlint fur-diirting Diana look upon tho Inbon 
of women. Nor let any mnii-tk-stroyiiig pcstilento eonw on, 
laying wtwte this city, nvcnw to thinoo mid lyre, exciting tears, 
producing Mars mid clamors of tlie people. And lot tho on- 
j»youH FfWium of disease* settle nt a tlistaiioo from the alisana 
in their strength: und lot Lyciun Apollo bo propitious to all 
the youth. And may Jova render tlio earth fruitful with ia- 
rrrniMC nt nil season* : and inny tho herds tliat feed beforo [tho 
city] in like manner bear young abundantly. And may they 
ntt-cire every thing from tho gods, and may tho divine Van 
imil birds jmur forth u weli-omencd strain ; and from holy 
mouths let the lyre-loving song bo wafted on. And may tho 
people hold continuidly in honor their rulers; and may a prw 
ileut Hway, eonfulting for tho common pood, govern the city. 
And ready to coino to terms of pence, beforo preparing Hare, 
let thorn iifRinl to Grangers wlmt is just without evils. And 
ever let iliem honor their country's gods, who prcshlo over Um 
land, witli native laurel •bearing bull-sluying honors. For the 
reverence <if parents this third is written in Um laws of mncb- 
veneniled Justice. 

Dan. 1 approve indeed of these wiso prayers, oh; b 

hut be not you afraid hearing these unexpected and now U 

1 oTooif ii lupplisd by Pilejr : fyif by Hulk. 




$26 THE SUPPLIANTS. [71*— 746. 

from tout father; for from this suppliant-receiving mount X 
behold the uliip : for conspicuous it escapes not my notice, and 
tho breasts of the sells uw iho side-guards 1 of the vessel, and 
tho prow in the fore part beholding with it* eye* the way, too 
well obeying, as not being friendly to us, the directing helm in 
the hinder part of the vessel. And the miters may be Men 
eomfncnooi with their black limbs out of white garments: and 
tbo other vowels and all tho assistant band is conspicuous, 
bat the lending ship, Itaring furled her sails under tho land, 
is rawed with ears sounding together. ' But it behooves you 
calmly and prudently looking to the nutter, not to neglect 
these gods. But I will come, baring taken assistants and pa- 
trons. 

Cn- S For perchance' some herald or embassador may come, 
wishing to lead us away, laying hold of us as pledges. 

Dam. But none of these things shall be, fear not now. 

Cit. Nevertheless it is better, if wo indeed bo slow in get- 
ting aid, 4 by no means to be forgetful of this protection. 

Dak. Be of good courage ; in appointed time and day 
every one of mortals who despises the gods shall pay the pen* 
ally. 

Cit. Father, I am afraid, as (lio swift-winged vessels are 
come, and there is no length of time between. In truth ex- 
cessive fear po sses ses me: [I fear] lest* there Iw no advantage 
to mo of my long flight, 1 perish, father, with terror. 

Dak. Since the decree of the Argivcs is ratified, my chil- 
dren, be of good courage, they will fight for you, I am well as- 
sured. 

Cii. Tho offspring of iKpypius is bold anil insolent, and in- 
satiate of the fight ; and I sjtcuk to you who know it : and pos- 
sessing black wood-compacted ships they hove sailed herewith 
wrath thus far successful, together with a numerous swarthy 
host. 



_- -a 377 on uuigned to 

ths Cbonii in AM. Turn. 



* Msnd, then U no dm m 



MB— 7(4.] 



THE SUiTLIANTS. 



227 



Dan. Ami they nhnll find ninny who have llicir nnnii wc.Il- 
hiniloneil In toil in (In' meridian heat. 

{'ii. Hut leave mo not iilmii\ I Ikwcco, father. A forsaken 
woman i* nothing, Mar* is not in u*. Hut they are wily nnd 
dciviil'ul Willi impure mind;*, like crow*, curing nought lor llw 

i)w. Tin-*' tliinjp* would ud vantage us well, O my chil- 
ilivii, it" liny wen- hateful both to you ulul to t lie pod*. 

( 'il. N"L dreading these trident* nml the niiijeMy of the 
pul* will ihcy keen oil' llicir hands fruin uc, fiitlicr. Hut tlicy 
arc very haughty, tmiddcncd with impioun rage, of dog-like 
boldncs.*, in mi n'f|nrt ulieying regarding llic god*. 

I>\s. Itut there in a wiyiri* that wolves urc Mincrior to dog*; 
nnd the iVuil lift lie jitijiyriw hii'|)ii.-wk nut tlic car of com, 

I'u. And tli us* it behoove* tin well to guard ngninot tlicm 
having tin' iiis-jHij.il ions* of iv mil on nml wicked benr-lK, 

!)»s. lly mi mean* is the. management of a naval hort 
1 1 nick, nor n Million fur Ihu flii[m, nor n Nile fnMciiing for 
cal.li-. to bring I hem In kind, nor do the nilei* of riiij* too 
i|uicklv iru>l tu tin- hold of inu-hors, CMK-cinUy when lu-rivin" 
at » liiirhorlcw kiml. 1 When the hiii denarii night in wont 
In jiriHliuv anxiety m n nklhTnl jillot. Tliua there can not bu 
even :l Nile diH-mUirkiiig of the hml, before the xliip litis been 
Mi.utlv tixed in its Million. Hut do you lake heed, not to neg- 
lect the god*, mi the ]ileu of fear, |irocnrliig nld, J(ul the city 
will not Name a tiirn-eiigor who in old, but young in hio mind 

I" I" «f 4"«»'- 

I'll. O liinil til hills*, juM object of veneration, wlmt shall 
we Miller f In vliul [nut of the A|ihm land thull wo lly, if 
there i> iiiir where a dark ciive.li ! Would I were hlnclc emokc, 
ti[>lTi.iieliitig to the clouds of .luce, mid altogether invisible, Ulul 
living i.wiy without wings*, might like dui-t lie lost. Hut my 
heart can no louder abide without llight, nnd my darkened 



iiflhe whole ji.™ 



o I'.-iloy. 



i-ikt' niv ,1 kIomh, .-mil hiive ol'iilrrsilrJ llip jiriiuinc rrniiinjr 
i ufru yh'iiTii would Ih'hI answer la mime Mich form an iilor 
i-rnf, *. r. /.. llotlu''" ft'i-tiV r" tlmitiTiixnirroj ia in^nioua, 
-niirniril |,y fjnpli. Tr.ich. !)■!, i"'; riVrri mmwu'irt rt fAoyi- 
*r, ond Horncc'* " Soli, nb Hcujicrio cubili." 




/£*"' 



228 THE SUPPLIANTS. 1786— 835 

spirit' throbs. But my father's look-out has undone mc: I 
perish with terror, would I could obtain denth by the 
twistinga of tho noose, 1>cforc the abhorred man draw nigh, 3 
and, era that, may l'lulo rule us dying by our own bunds. 
~'rom whence can I linvo n scut in the iur on which Ilia 
watery clouds become snow, 3 or u rock, rugged, inaccessible to 
Boat*, not pointed out,* lonely, desolate, tho linunt of vultures, 
witnessing a deep full to mc, lieioro, in spite of my heart, huviug 
met with forced nuptials. And then I refuse not to become 
the prey of dogs, nnd tho food of tho birds of tho country : for 
denth is free from mournful ills; let fate approach, having 
seized me before tho nuptial bed. What remedy for myself 
delivering mo from the marriago can I yet find?* l'our forth 
a voice to tho heavens, supplicating strains to the gods, and 
such ns will bring about good fortune to mc, being the means 
of deliverance for mc, 6 Father; do not love violence, seeing 
with just eyes: and respect your suppliants, O earth-ruling, 
all-powerful .love. For tho malo offepring of JKgyptus intol- 
erable in insolence pursuing mo with speed, seek with foul 
abuse to seize mo n fugitive by force. Hut the beam of your 
balance is over nit : and what without you is perfected to 
mortals? Ah! ah I nhl Hero is the sen [and] laud sower.' 
May est thou, Heigh lio I toil before tho shore bringing to here, 
I utter a cry of pain." I see these preludes are a warranty 
of violent treatment, of mo. Alas 1 nlns 1 go in High t to [seek] 
protection against their foil desires, intolerable both by sea and 
land, O king, defend us. 

1 t am ill n.-Uinfiril with ilif repetition flap .... unpXia. 

' TIm sciiae rcrpiirfi ilii., I'.-ilry simply reads r.)i(r. Dimlorfrv.lt 
XPfW* XI**. ingeniously. I prrfer Palry's cm c million, removing the 
■top after x'fH"' ""J placing it after xp'ffO'/va' <.i}'XP- l-ciag againat (ho 

' See Paley'a note. 

4 1 prefer ilurgra' .iirpwrrrinrnr. but do not admire hii aubacqucnt 
alteration. Pauw'a oioitpuv it frigidity itaclf. 

* Thia ia nil corrupt. 

■ * See Dindorfa note. 
' Sea Lin wood's Lei. I mytelf believe thai vain(, vitiof ia tho tru« 

* Aa Dlndorf anil Pnlrv hnio completely given up ibii pninnco, the 
raador will not bo aurpriund nl roy translation. IhirRr* li.ia dealt very 
ingeniously with tlio whole, but [ urn unwilling to bciiovo that such par 
•ages an within the reach of certain criticiant. 




T»iE SiTPUA.NTS. 
•>- to tLc »l.ij> wiili nil rpcoj. 



tearing*, tuul 

I'Ulllllp. Mi 01 in-u.1*. 
inii-iiiil in uliiT iivM nil- lion, to lLo 
«..!l ill. |i, iviiii ivr.iiinic iurulenrc, 
imiitui wiili trim, i will \i\aix you 
*- it' nil it iliut you roniiiiiii' your 
*.i! cuiiJiiuiid you to lity ;wik nuul- 



i:.i>« Mutfsgotoilieriiip; it is useless to nJore 
tjiiin may I ln'IioM ilir liock-iiurliiriiig M renin. 



uf „!.i Ul ii 



ml ol" ilii> 



«nt, llii* toat, ulJ 



i;i tn l1«« Hiip. n> tlic chi|i >li;ill go quickly, 
i;.ii.-.* fnnvil wiili m urli \iolmre; go to tlio 
i,„- Mttli-r.-.! ill. Mru.-k tu tleatli by my Imn.U. 
: ..;.: wiiUtil an in Ij-in-r K;nn1 may you per- 
,yil« [>,:.! the nullity Sitqmluuillll iii'umunlory, 

in, :iii>l n-iiil vinir rnUs unil invoke ilic potU; 
i .—■iiji' i1»' l^v|iiimi Kirk: ixiliiiiii tuul cry, 

;'•.!.:+ ihf nn'lliiiitm of n-bring lurk*: ay 
.1.,-t iiTril.lv itiMtli : twl.o twLwl, may gnat 

way in-alin? »s with iliilelible i^okiu-e. 

■iiii'gn t>> iln- sliij. tiinml toward [ilic rtiore] 
nop let tiny one delay: I'm- ilm-r-iin-j by no 

ii> yinir in-N**. 

Father, tlic ivotii-tion of your image, now 

amity, to llm k'u like a hjiitlvr, black spectre. 

irinm on (hit iiuih of liarlmrimii unci alisurJiiy, in 

n, N,-w CratThim p. ."no, ami I'alry. I »1iaII oWliio 

.r.. <|niii' lii.|iric«N, ui n |iuiv iln.t ili^ I mil -I ,il ion in i.nlj- 
i--\i,ri:i' lliv nulliui liy im|ilicatiun in 110I llio Iiumiich 

I Si'lmii'ii. Klrvras'. unci Puluy'i corrcctiona, although 




tSO THE SUPPLIANTS. [888-M7. 

Alas! mother Earth, mother Earth, repel the dreadful erica, 
O Jove son of Earth advance. 

Her. Iijr no mean* do I dread the dcitica here; for they 
havo not nouriahed m, nor brought me to old age by their 



Cn. The two-footed serpent rages near me, and like a 
vipcr.t gnawing my foot. Mother Kurtli, motlicr Earth, repel 
the dreadful erica. O Jove ion of Earth advance. 

IIrh. Unless aomo one goca to the ship, submitting to these 
things, a tearing shall not pity lite work of her garment. 

Cil Oh chief rulere of Lira city, I am overpowered. 

Hem. You shall presently behold many rulers, tlio cons of 
JEgyptuet be of good courage, you will not call it an an- 
archy. 

Cn. Wo on undone, wo suffer, king, unlooked-for 
things. 

Her. It seems I must drag you tearing you by the hair, 
since you do not quickly obey my words. 

J*el. Hork you, wlint are you about T from what boldness 
do you dishonor this land of l'clospic men T do ynu think that 
you have come to a city of women 1 living a barbarian, you 
are over-insolent toward Greeks: and having erred much, you 
have done nothing rightly in your mind. 

IlKK. In which of these tilings havo I erred contrary to 
justice! 

1'kl. First indeed you forget Unit yon are n stranger. 

IIkr. How nolt I havo found what was lost. 

Pel. Having addressed which of the natives as patrons. 

IIkr. Hermes the searcher, a very great patron. 

Pel. Having addressed the gods, you in no way reverence 
the gods. 

1 1 mi. I reverence the deities at the Nile. 

Pel. Hut those here, arc nothing, as I bear from you. 

Her. I will lead away these, if some one does not snatch 
them from me. 

I'm- You will ruo it, if you touch them, no long time 
after. 

IIkr. I hear words by no means hospitable. 

1'ki. For I do not hospitably receive tho spoilers of the 
gods. 



Oia— Sfifi ] Tilt; SUPPLIANTS. 231 

I In;. Having 70110 thou maycM tell tlic*e things to the mni 
of .l^optiw. 1 

I\.i_ Tmm i« unheeded in my thoughts 

IIi:i:. Hut, lliilt vim may know. I will more plainly Fpeakj 
f..r ii 1- proper that uu herald declare nil things elcurljr— how 
hintll 1 «>'. iuuI by win. 111, ihiii I eoine deprived of (lie train 
ij" kindred win urn ! Mars detcri 11 hie* not ihe*e thing* by wit- 
n.'.- .-, mul put-* an cm I to Hie Mriio nui by the receipt ofi-ilver; 
1 11 it In-run 1 that there are many daughters uf mm, uiid trump- 

liUL'di.Wll.lflive*. 

1*1:1. U'liiii ilue* it liehown yon to cayt Having at length 
h-urned H'luit in jni-l, <1» yon yourxelf determine, and your iel- 
mw-viiragi-r*. lint yiin m;iy lead away these willing indeed 
uivunliug to tin- iinliiiiiliniin of ilu.-ii- miinl-, if a lawful riieeeh 
ran pi-rMuale ihcm. lint Mli'h an unanimous public decree of 
tin' Miili- him i.ivn pa*fd, never In glvu up by force the train 
of women. Oi'thiM* thing* ilic nail in I irmly driven through 
uti'l iliiiiii^-li, >■> a* iu remain lixed. These things are not 
•iravi'ti on tubli-ls, nnr sealed in 1 1 10 fohls of books, but you 
hear tliem phiiu from a tnv-*[ leaking tongue; but with all 
NJH.1-J tiiki' youiwlf I'mni my eye*. 

ili:u. Know thi-. now you will umlrrtako a new war: but 
may vielnry ami i-trcligtli be to I lie 111:1 leu. 

I'M. Hut you will liud mules inlialiitniiln also of this bind, 
imt drinking wine made 1'nnli barley. J (ut do you all, with your 
l.nv.1 attendant*, take munigw, mul go to the we 1 1 -fort 1 lied 
eily, imhised by a deep ■levui! of lower*. Anil there are in- 
iliv.l many public alio- leu, but I have buitt witli no scant hand. 
It i- |i!>'ii-iuit to inhabit well-built uliodes wilb many oilier*; 
but if it lie any greater pleasure, yon urn at lilwrty to dwell 
al-u in abode* which holil but one fiimilv. ' Of these chooao 
Ibe l.-si ami what are most jihwing. Hu't I will be your pa- 

'J[ " I " 1 :i " ,lic ritm-ns, by wliom thin decree is now pumed. 

\\ liy w:ii[ j-„u for more powerful ones than these? 

Cii. Itut in return for good tilings may you abound with 

' Siirrlv |[,n- ( . v.-r^ni >honM lw .illottnl Uum : Rflf. n/> pip .... nffe 
K.„. .,*..,,— u„,. ,;>.>.• „ f _|i w ,. k.i; )ii/i— I inn partlj'. but rfillWirntly 

.L . . r .r I , .. . L ■ -. L | IV \i UTj . t *. ,\„ H„. „ THl . h Molv „,.„„]. L | |rJ . rlm J CMl i„ 1[0 „f 
ii"' mini 1 .ili'V rr i,U r.'rtilf /|.i-,'!Tu with AM. il.lb. The nrcr.nily fnt 
ir.iii,[i,,KHiiiii do,-, not cud liuro, in Ilurgm ulonc liui nccii.bul tut carried 




232 THE SUPPLIANTS. [907— 1007. 

good, divine king of the Fclasgians. Hut benevolent teni) 
hither our father Dnnaus, of good courage, prudent, and our 
chief adviser. For his is the first counsel, where it behoove- 
us to inhabit abodes, and [where ie] a place not subject to envy. 
Every one is ready to apeak reproach against foreigners : but 
may the best things befall. 

I'tx, Both with fair fume, nnd with no wrathful rumor of 
tho people regulate yourselves in the country, O friendly at- 
tendant?, so as Dmwus lias ussigncd you to each [of bis daugh- 
ters] a servile dowry. 

I>an. O daughters, it is fitting to pay vows to tho Argivcs, 
and to sacrifice and pour libations, as to the Olympian gods, 
since they are our preservers with one mind. And they hnvo 
heard with indignation from mc what things have been done 
with regard to our headstrong friends, our kindred : but they 
Isive appointed for mc these attendants and armed guards, 
that I might have this mark of honor, and that I might not 
unexpectedly perish without their knowledge by the death of 
tho spear, and an everlasting pollution bo upon this city. 1 
having obtained 1 such things, do you observe a proper grati- 
tudo of mind more precious. 1 And theso things, indeed 
write down in addition to tho many other written prudent 
sayings of your father, so as in time to convince the unknown 
band. J Hut every one boars a ready evil tongue ngninst a 
stranger, and to speak slander is an cosy thing. Hut I exhort 
you not to disgrace mc, being of a time of life which is at- 
tractive to men. And by no means is tho tender mature fruit 
easy to guard : but beasts and mortals harm it in somewise, 
nnd winged nnd four-footed an mud*. Venus proclaims the 
dropping fruits : I iiiitrin that rapine awaits iht'lti in whatever 
way they [try to] hinder it. 1 And on the fair-funm-d U-uuly 
of virgins every one that passes by sends forth a melting ilurt 
from his eye, overcome by desire. Therefore let us not sutler 
those things on account of which wo hnvo had much toil, and 
much sea has bcenf* passed over in a ship, nor let us cause dU> 

1 Correct to mxnWrnf. 

' See Pilry 1 am but half satisfied. 

1 1. 1. " to nhow what you really are." 

4 But nee Palcj. 

* But read <•<*(■' ftpoOi) whhHa»)h,0*M».Yiih«j. 



1008-10(50.] THE SUPPLIANTS. 233 

prm-c to us and nlriiMiro to my enciuic*. But even a double 
dwelling if tillered 10 ii?, tin' one, lVliti-gux, niul the oilier, ilia 
riiy j:i\riii lo dwell uguirt from vci-vuuts : tlirw thing* nro «u*y. 
Only uln-mc tlu-xc iiijuuclioM of your futlicr, honoring mod- 
crty mow Hum lilo. 

L'll. In oilier tiling* may wo lie fortunate fitmi tlic god*, but 
mi uiismiit of my Hint lire iigc Imi of pood courage, (ullirr : fur 
uiilcj*. ixiiiiiiliiii^ new Ikih been determined by ihe ginl*, I will 
mil I ii in H>iili' llni former Hep ill' my iiiinil. (Jo now ivlc- 
Im.tin- ill.- l.i.iwil pud* who K iuinl I In- Mute, Mil lliiwo inlmu- 
him; l In- riiy, anil tliunc wlio dwell around the nniicnl wuvo 
Hi" KritMiiu.4. lint ilo yon, ultrndiinl*, receive tlic strnin : l and 
l.i |ii-iiiM- piM4<Mi iliis ciiy of l'claxpnns nor let us ndorc llio 
mouth* of Nil.'- witli liyiiuiis lint tlic river* Hint pour through 
il,i,- i.mniiy a willing Mivimi, authors of incrt-anc, roftviiing 
llii* wiil of I In; t'Hi-lli w'uli eni-iciiing wave*. And limy (luiHO 
Diana regard wiili jtitv thin I ruin : mir through mvosity let 
lythcrcaii iiupilid* conic: t.ui I hi* reward is hateful.' But 
lliin f.ivoi-'ni}.' strain ncglcctx not Venn*: tor *he lin» a power 
uu-r Jove logcllicr with •luiio : mid the nriirot to tlic ninny 
romi*- led gudiles* is honored lor liir mi^liiy work*. Hut loved 
i'inii|i:uiioiM arc piv.-i-nt with mother [Vciiim], niul no |uu«ion 
i* .Iw.U-.li.iil to Mwlhiiift persuasion. But to Iliinnonin a 
piven n porli..ii of driviving V.misaud ihcwnyM ofloveK. Kx- 
pi-iliiioiM by H-n ii^iiin.Ji ii* fugitive, im.l dire wocn, imd bloody 
wnii', in mull I iliviul ln-1'ori.'liiiiiil. tor wliy have tlicy per- 
formed » lii-Ly voyage will, swift pm-wil i 

SiMi-l'n. Whatever U lilted, tlml will dike place : tlic groat 
immense mind ul'.lovi< i.« not to Iw trun»gl-cs«eil. lint per I now 
wiili inimy nili.-r nuplliihi this i-vrut will lu iiccurding to wlmt 

Snu'-l'ii. I) mighty Jovu defend mil from lliu nuptial* of 
U.uHiii«iifJ-Viyi»tiw, 

Skmi-Cii. 'I'liiii, indeed, would Iki best: but you would 

Ni:mi-1'ii, itiu vein at least kin-w not tlic future 
Kkmi-Cu. How ciin I behold tlic divine uiind, a &tlwin.ks» 
view I 1'i-iiy now for moderate tilings. 




SM 



THE SUPPLIANT* 



(1MI— 1074 



Sun-Co. What moderation do yon touch met 

Sra-Cit. Not to pry into too affairs of the gods. 

Sra-Cn. May royal Jove repel tin hateful hostile nuptial* 
of too men, who delivered Io from her misery, well restraining 
her with healing hand, with benevolent force having founded 1 
[our racel 

Sexi-Cii. Let him afford strength also to women. I pre- 
fer the bettor of two evils, and portly good and partly bad, 1 
and that justice follow justice with my prayers by liberating 
aid from the god. 



240 APPENDIX. 



hi IUfiM»M« I* 

CJ.T«sfc Tiaaalalk* 

59. duvbf yap tvpeiv kq% dfirjxdvcjv iropov. 

For ho is skilled in finding a road 1 even out of 
difficulties. P. 4 L 8 

100. XP*I Tepfutra r£jv6* tmrelkfu. 

Where the ends of these things must arise. 3 .... 5 21 - . 

147. ircrpai$ irpofavaivdfievov— 

Withering away on rocks 9 — 7 1 

162. dix* yovv ivbc, 

With the exception of one at least, 4 7 14 

163. Oepevog darpcuprj v6ov 9 

Laying down for himself a determination not to \ 

be turned, 5 7 14 1 

215. <5<5Aoj 6e tovc {mepripov$ Kparelv. 

But that the superiors in craft 6 would conquer. . 8 22 

248. ical firjv <f>ikoioiv oUrpof elgopav h/6. 

I am indeed sad for friends 7 to behold. 9 20 

250. OvTfrovf ye navoaf — 

Yes, by causing mortals to 8 cease-* 9 23 

356. n dai <5' avreffrrj 0eoZ$ t 

And he stood against all the gods, 9 12 19 

880. V^^C vooovorjf — 

Of a soul 10 diseased— 13 12 

1 H. in a long note defend* ir»'y>m\ which Pornon wished to alter into * 
tropovf, on what appeared to him and to nearly all subsequent editors to 
be sufficient ground*. 

■ Instead of this sentence being taken, as usually, interrogatively, H. 
•ays that the '* obliqua oratio" has more gravity in it. 

' So H., but in the Notes he prefers ntrpg to irrrpatf. 

* H. has adopted hbf, furnished by thrco MSS. But what is tho 
meaning of yovv here, he has not explained. 

* H. from conjecture uorpafrf for uyxapnrov, referring to Hesych. 
'AoTpa^jfc' 0ftAty*»{" Xo$oK*Arrt Mvoo'f. 

* H. from conjecture vitepripovf instead of vrrepexovra^ 
9 H. from conjecture oUrpdc in lieu of ^Xeivdr-— but nothing seems to 

bo gained by the change 

* Instead of / kxavaa, H. has ye irawaf, the conjecturo of Porson, 
confirmed by three MSS. 

* H. wdot e? dvutmf deotc. But the relativo of could hardly be omit- 
ted here. 

M After discussing this passage in on elaborate note, H. prefers ifvxvc 



PROMETHEUS CHAINED. 241 



I.ImU 
«J. T.tt. 



382? nai fi') oQvdutTa Oqibv laxyniv^ ftla. 

And do not with force render a strong 1 feeling 

■light ; IMS LIS 

388. ipov dotctt av Ta"f*rrAiucnf* f tlvai r66fi. 

Think thou 2 thus error to bo mine 14 1 

400-2. 6aKpvaiaraKT0v dn f foouv fniivvv <T c/- 
fjofuva p*of napeidv 
voriotq treySa irayal?. 
Weeping- 1 ft stream tear-dropping from easily- 
moved eyes, 1 have bedewed my cheek with 
wet fountains. 14 16 

403-4. dfiryapra yap rdde* Zcvf <P 
Ifiioig vofiots Hparvvuv 
For these arc things not to be envied. 4 But 

Zeus ruling with his own laws — 14 18 

408-10. iityahoaxtjfiovd r' dpxaioTrpenrj * da- 
Kpvx*** * OTtvovaa ruv adv 
^rvopaipuviov re rtudv 
And it sheds tears,* bewailing the honors of 
statcly-licaring and of ancient look, both thino 

and of those of fellow-blood 14 20 

420. Sapfmrav t' aprtov uv0o$ % 

And the warlike flower of Sarmatians 6 — 14 27 

422. KaiKaoov rriAac, 

The gates 7 of Caucasus — 15 1 

425-130. arp. y. — 131-130. dvriorp. y. 

1 H. has, in liou of adptyuvra. adopted efvduvra, from MS. Med., a* 
P.dey wan the first to recommend. 

a H. faun av in lieu of dour/act — 

' H. (V tlinufva in lieu of '/niiofifva. But how o" could bo thus placed 
after the fourth word in a sentence, H. has not shown. 

4 H. with Kohnrtt'lli puts a colon after ruth' and reads Zn)c <T. 

• To supply the defect of one word in the antistropho to answer to 
ff' ehlofiha in the strophe, H. has introduced here daxpvxici, with * rath- 
er violent perHonification, as applied to x^P a - 

• In lieu of 'ApaJiac H. surest* Zapfiardv, whom ha identifies with 
the Sauromatians mentioned by Diouysiu* Pericjr. 663, Maiurai re Kal 
(Oven Savptifiartiuv 'F.rj0?.bi' 'Evvaf.inv )vvor 'Aprof. 

1 H. read* irv>.ar for irt?.ac, hut without stating that this tciy corrcc- 
on had been long ago nut into the text hy myself; although I did not 
uoto, an lie had done, Lucian in Promoth. $ 4, nXrjviov rd* KaffnUif 
riruv irv?aiv ini rov Kavnuoov. 

L 



r^- 



242 APPENDIX. 



UmIb fef •*•■«• Is 

©. - - - 






425-8. fiSvov 6i npdoBev iv irtivoif 

dafuvr 9 ddafiavToderoif Tirana Av- 
[iai$ i$Et66pav Oeutv 
'ArXavrof vnepoxov oOcvof Kparcudv. 
I have looked previously upon a Titan alone in 
trouble, 1 subdued by gallings from adamant- 
ine bonds, the mighty strength of Atlas supe- 
rior to the gods P. 15 L 13 

429-30. &V yav ovpdviov rt n6Xov 
viirot$ viroGTtydZci. 
Who 3 supports earth and the pole of heaven by 

his back under [them] 15 6 

432* ••••••• 

[II. marks here the defect of a line by asterisks.] 15 18 

434. KeXaivb? 'Aido$ /'"£<>? 

The 3 dark recess of Hades 15 8 

439. 6p<jv ifiavrbv cioV irpofaekovfitvov. 

Seeing myself thus rolled about. 4 

459. tot; rt dvfKpirovf Qvocif. 

And their natures 5 hard to be judged of. 16 5 

461. ypaiifiuTuv rt avvOtocif, 

pvfjfirft airdvruv fiovaofirjTop* ipydvrjv. 
And the combination of letters, 6 a muse- 
mother efficiency for Memory in all things. . . 16 7 1 

« 

1 H. omits uXXov before h> iroi*o<f, and reads udafiavroiirotc with 
one MS., and tfeido/tav and 'ArAarrof from conjecture for the sake of 
the metre. 

• So H., where vflroorcyuCrt* a verb not found elsewhere, is identified 
with oriyeiv, explained by Hcsychius and Suidas, flaaruZetv, and yuv in- 
serted from conjecture. 

' H. omits <T after *r?.a<rof, for the metre. 

• H. has tcpofoefovftevov, a verb, which, although it is not found 
elsewhere in composition, he supposes to be derived from an equally 
unknown o/AArir, which Eustathius. p. 1041, 29, assimilates to l?.?.etv. 
But how Prometheus, fixed to a rock, could be said to be rolled about, 
H. has not explained. 

• As the MSS. differ between oWeif and 6<fotY, H. has edited Qwretc. 

• Such is the literal version of Hermann's text ; who probably thought 
that fiovcofiijrnpa might by a change of case bo referred to Mytyijpr, sines 
MWjps; or ftvs/ioews was said to be the mother of tho Muses. 



\ 



PROMETHEUS CHAINED. 243 



LtMia 
ti.Teal 



4G4. Zcvykaiat Aovktrovra aufiaoiv 0\ orco? 

Serving with yokes auid [their] bodies, 1 in order 

that— P. 16 1. 10 

466. v0' dpfia t* ijyayov 

And 1 brought under a ear 3 16 12 

474-5. Kahuf 6' larpbf i5^ rt$, i$ voaov Treawv, 
Kaholg dOvfulg 
And, like pome bad physician, falling into a dis- 
order, you are dispirited by ilia 3 16 18 

495. [After rr^ f/oW/yr, II. marks tho defect of a 

line by asterisk*.]* 17 10 

535. fiti/.a fioi tovt' f//yi*Vo* 

May this remain very much 3 with mo 18 21 

515. cVo' urro)^ a\api$ X"W *** 0'^°C\ dire 

lx>! (> how thankless is tho favor. O friend, 
say— 18 27 

548. (I rh <piorC)V 

d/.aov iWSrrai yt'rog ffnreTroSttffirvov, 

By which the blind race of mortals is bound 7 

after having been fettered 18 30 

554. Af \-o£ elf nuv vpevai ow 

At your marriage 8 I was singing tho hymeneal 

strain 18 35 



ta 



\ 



1 II . unites mlfianiv #* with Ctry?aint, obnerving that in ou/taotv there 
U an allusion to person* riding on hornclwck. 

3 H. reads, with one MS., Dawes and Tyrwhitt, vo" upfia r* in lieu of vf* 
tipfiar'. 

1 So H. rejects n/.avg. before *axdf, and inserts kokoI{ % from conjecture, 

before ufhitrif. 

• Not only wag thin lacuna first pointed out by myself, but the means) 
of supplying it likewise. 

• H. road* fin'/ a for u/Jm on account of the metre. 

'So H. renders 0'7»r. But such is not tho meaning of that verb; 
which, if it in ever thus found by itself, is certainly not no before o>wf. 

7 H. inserts <W*ra/ to supply the lacuna, as I'aley, whose name should 
have boon mentioned, had done already. Dut dtderai is a mere tautolo- 
gy when united to iuxmoAiafttvov. 

• For tho sake of the metro H. reads A&or e/r obv instead of tex°C 
obv. 






244 APPENDIX 



UMhi fefo«e«t, 

O.T»sk 



560, — rivof diiirkaKtaf 

As to the punishments, 1 for what error art thou 

being destroyed? P. 19 L5 

* 

566-7. dXeve Aa, 

r&v jivpiumbv el^opdaa flovrav. 
Ward oflf, Earth, beholding 2 the neatherd with 

piifl] myriad eyes. 19 8 

574. /w U n&rrot, not p' dyovciv — 

Ye powers, whither do ye lead mo— 3 20 7 v ( 

598. XP* 0V<Ja *£vrpot4 ^pivaq 

Pricking with stings my mind 1 20 24 \ 

607. ri fiTixap ?l t/ ffxipfuucov 

What plan or what 5 remedy 20 29 

630. firj fiov npoKijdov fuujo6vu>$ fj 'pol ykvicv. 

Do not caire lor me° to a greater degree than is 

agreeable to mo. 21 18 



1 H. reads ironic governed by AA&ft, which, as it comprehends the 
idea of riveif, has likewise its regimen. And so too reads Palcy. Dut 
the passages, which the latter quotes to sup|M>rt the syntax, the former \ 



has omitted ; for he saw, no doubt, they were not in point. 

• H. omits with two MSS. ttyJoiyiai. Dut how tlfopuoa is to bo taken 
grammatically, he has not explained. 

' H. conceives that /uiKpai or *0oi'Of has dropped out after uyovotv. 
Dut fiOKpaX would bo sufierHuous before r>7>.eirXavoi y and £0ovdf would 
be scarcely intelligible thus standing by itself. 

* So H. completes the verse by adding fpivac. 

• H. reads ri f^ix°P w » tn Ehnslcy, and t} ri Qupftatcov with J. Fr. 
Martin. 

* H. has adopted E1ms1ey*s ftatrtrovue V f tot Y^vkv, although Elmnlcy 
had himself subsequently repudiated tho alteration ; while, on the other 
hand, H. rejects his own fiiiaoov £>v y although it has been received 
by Reisig and Paley ; and whilo J. Wordsworth had, in the Philological 
Museum, N. II., p. 242, quoted some passages from Lysias and Plato 
to confirm Hermann's notion, at Vigcr y 70, that ftueaov uf is the samo 
as ftdooov H — a notion adopted likewiso by Schacfer on Theocrit. Id. ix. 
35, and Fritxsche, Quest. Lucian.. p. 89, H. now asserts that thoso very 
passages are too few in number and of too suspicious a kind to be de- 
pended upon* 



V 

.■ 

* 



1 



\ 



FllOMCTJiEUa CHAINED. 215 

And ;it I urn ualuiuicii 1 to njn-ak of 1'. '2b 1. $'£ 

678. .Wpr'/C ~* *V «*n)i> 

And lo ilic bIioi-o" of I/ma 32 31 

rou s>)'' •irrrtrrtpqoev 

Ami death unexpected suddenly 3 deprived Uim 

of lift. 22 33 

689. oltujtdt' ov-ttiottot' ijr^omfc— 

Never at ttsj lime, never nt any lime, linvo I 

boiiated' 28 7 

692. mhurf, At'/Kir' — 

Cnbniitic!', tin wum of washing* 23 

17. [After ^roduifp*^ II. conceives a lh o havo 
been loM, liko 

2fUf&/6tf 'Apd£qv Kv;tamv fipij rvav. 
For il nppcnra from EutfttMiM on i)innyn. 
7JW, ituit /lvxlijino IkkJ innile ini'iilio of UiO 
AnutcB, "nil Hut* it WM eo culled fi m tlto 

verb «/»(«?« v.], 24 1 

771. f>v di/ru, irAtJi 1 tyiay' av i< dirfl/nSr AvGttf/' 

No, iuroJy, except 1, being released froiu those 

bonds*— 25 21 

7911-0. tva 

•I'OfiKi-'i'/ilfr I'ofotw — 
M'IwmIIm I'lioivyni.lui 1 dwell— 2C 26 

1 II. fcllowi Eliiul iii a.loptiny bJhx»Vqim< from mm K8&, in lieu of 

' Hciiiig wiu ilic firsi lo nujigeit lifptfl r* ^r u*rr)ii — nJonlcd by H. 
1 H, rrad» mVn'ilia for ni^ii'niof — 

* 11. it[>im|« otvumr' (found onto in iiuno MN.S ) in Day of uiVor' 
mViir' ; .iml .ulnj-li- i/i ;-i>n\ I'mnul in ihe >.imr, UiMcnil of vi'X'VP'- 

* Iltalcnd of r<, : ,i,rn >.,'/inrn Art/mm, H, renin iridium, Hr/nirn. But 
how thane nauni could nil willi V"'^r«"'» wliieli lio rrudiuw "to U" 

r.-.n nni iirnlrrnl.ind. 

' So H. will! M8S. Mr.l an.! Vit, ; while,, la ili.w that w could 
ir?V, he thai fill* up the ellipse — oi n;,rn. ffJu)* fjwj^ itv liiri. 
°]'"£ r}rilt ri-fijf j'* i'di/i ijr, XvOrlf /k 6inpuv — ■■ if I'roniclliem 
biiiin'lf tin: (liming ,'i"lilc uf llio calamity from Jupiter. 

' In lieu of ai iofinidif, H. rendi QopitvvUif ; a word. 



, jrMgyCTww,^.^ , 



2*6 APPENDIX. 



4 

\ 



f 



O.Tral. 

849. [After rVhpw tfitfipova II. linn placed asterisk* jl 

to indicate a lacuna, which he says might bo 
supplied by such a verse as 

Ilavffo? re fiotfOw r£>vde <f>irevei y6vov. 

And, after causing [her] to cease from these 
troubles, ho begets an offspring.] 

862. [In lieu of Uekaayia 6e Sterol Otjkvtcrdvtf} and 
foil. II. would read something like 
HtXaoyia 6e dt^erai (rbv lyyevfj 
ot6Xqv ywaactiv, ityi^idji' 1 ) OykviCTivy 
m Apei dafievTwv WKTi<f>povpiJT<(> Opdoct — ] 

873. fuuepov Xoyov 6t — 

But 2 it is the part of a long story P. 29 L4 

878-9. 1) iraXaiyevrft 

firJTTjp Ttravis Otdv. 

But the old-born female Titan, 3 the mother of 

the gods. 29 7 

897. [To supply the lacuna in tho verse, II. says ono 

might conjecture Molpai fiaKpatuvif — ] .... 29 24 

903. — arp. p. 

903. kuoi 6£ y\ ore fih> 6ftaXb$ 6 ydfiof , 
a^o/3o? • ovdi drdta • ftrjde rov fie 
Kpetaa6r(jjv Ofwv tpuq 

7TpO^6fXlK0l Oflfl' QdpVKTOV. 1 

But to me, when 1 marriage is on a level, [it is] 
without fear ; nor am I alarmed ; and let not 
the love of any one of the gotta, my supe- 
riors, look on me with a look not to be lied 
from. 5 29 30 

leases, not found at present in Greek ; but which was so formerly, 
as it is adopted by Ovid, in Met. iv. 742, v. 230, and Lucion, in ix. 
626. 

1 Here all the words between the lines arc Hermann's own. But what 
he meant by rbv /))«>/ otv7.ov } it is not easy to discover. 

■ H. adopts cV, the conjecture of Schiitz, in lieu of Art — 

* H. prefers Ocuv, found in one MS., to Or^ir in all tho rest. 

* H. has 6rr, from the conjecture of Pauw and others, instead of &n t 
and ftq6e rov for /itfAtri in one MS. 

* So H. in lieu of uQvktov bftfia npotfdpKOt fie in MS. Med., where 
Salvini was the first to correct jrooropuxoi. • 



PROMETHEUS CHAINED. 



907. dvTtOTp. &. 

813-13. — olov tiapTverat 

ydftov 
How grcnL 1 a ninrringe is liu tirqiitritig for him- 

sulf P. 30 1.5 

919-50. rof >'t!"t">«; 

Tt&pavra 

Tlic iicrson wlio guvo to being* of a Any 1 31 11 

969. Jc rnf J*t tiiivTiiv mi/Kiviis m?oiptmt$. 

To than niluinilius li:,-i. tliou brought tliynolf 

with ii fiLVornljIo wind. 3 SI 91 

972. -Kl'M. Kfiiiooov—- 
'3. f, wrpl— 
'I. IIP. ovrwf — * 
JO. fK'p7fifLrjin<; fiipfv wfTS mildd ftt, 

Thsa uoi-.-L iMurt-culiIiig wonts ngiimsl mc, 

liko 1 a cliil.I 32 28 

1 oil. [II. in Nbta wiy* tiutt Scliiiu woi |etf all 
lliu wool* betWOOd ktyttv mid o-uu«.,, ,H!rhiii>a 
correctly.] 
1001. fl y* oi'iV fi\\ij ri \'iiA;i /toviui' ; 

If lie relaxes not from ruvings even in a 

prayer." 34 19 

■ H. rctaim oW; allliuiigh roio»> liaj been put 1h.juiiJ all 0<m!,i by 
Buiiley. 

* II. rr.ull Tov i"'i '''"'.■ — '"" V"P"f i" n™'ef u«J for (j/n/iiof. 

1 Sucli i<t llic litrr.il vrr-imi ••( narnvputar, wliicli II. Iian elicited, from 
»arGj)«oar I" one MS, ami nnri^>oi'Ofl[ in another. It would lie intcllip^- 
hie only on 1 lie minimi- it inn ttinl Hemic* wm njierikiiij; iroiiionlly. But 
fcby Heroic* alioiihl »[H-nfc nu it ik haul to undcrKiand. Moreover, no 
pen.m could lie Liniu^'lit tu a rnLtmily by .i fonirnMo wind. 

' Sitrli iii llir nrrjutgr-mrnl of the. nnrrrhcn •usgi'alrd by Erfurdt in 
ISIS, and adopted hy H., who aaya tint Hcmn i« reprotcMng Promc- 
Hieua ironically fir huolutiiiacy ; oi if irony could bo indulged in on *uch 
in occasion and hy mich a pcr*on. 

■ -So H. in lieu or .if mud" uito /ir. But in thi* formula df, not urr 
!■ constantly employed, or elms ufwrp, ai in Plato, Gratyl. 4 0, (Jpr 
iriurW, ;,/„•,{ /mii/itifiirTiiriu. Gore J «iu noi, uf-rfn jrmoi, ,tp$. Th. 
"•—■•», S.'.l, 'Aw.', urirr/i fiiitpl\v iraidu. J.iljnic )l' liiroTpf, 

*« u T. n,;- u.k[.i, ;. ..... .k« - ■ - «■._».... mJ 



248 

LiMfe 
1094. 



APPENDIX. 



•u Ocpc, £ y§, 



OThemisI OEarUiP P. 35 L7 



ease of a prayer than in any thing clae. Besides, tho enclitic n coulc*. 
hardly commence the second dipodia in an Anapcstic dimeter. H. 
should have adopted my *£» t$ 6i rqgff - r * X u *4 /wwA*— "In what mis- 
fortune what of madneaa lose !" 

1 Since tome MSS. add Oe/a( after wdvruv in the next verse, H. hat 
introduced here it O^uf, it Ty. But since Oifitc ia identified with T$ in 
▼.Sllaa being one deity with two names, it seems difficult to understand 
why both should be mentioned here, and still more so when it precedes 
Ihs ciraimlomtion 6 juyrpor l/ifr oifktf. 



APPENDIX, 



rnMlv^MNr: the suiistanxe iif the new headings INTRODUCED 

INTO HERMANN'S I'i'Vl II VMOUS EDITION Of THE CREEK 
TEXT, 1'UULISIIED AT LElfklC. ISM. 



FrriWii, jpjWi.IhtI la " llulin*. Cwwlrt 



I'KOMETIIEUS CHAINED,, 

2. itamv c/f iprffilav. 

To a desert, where there in no mortal [Dan. 1 . . . . F. 2 LI 

13. wtvdrv i/nroduiv In, 

Anil Own i» nothing any longer iu tho way.*. . 2 11 
■19. li-ai-T' fatagflU irkijr AwiOl Kaipaveiv. 

All thtBCi nrc buiuuunaw' cotcoBt for the gods 

toruJo. 8 89 

51. typaut Tolfdc 1 vnvdef (iiTfcrreti' {%*&. 

I know it by these ;' and I have nothing to gnin- 



■ Hrrm., who in the note. afWaUaOM hd rtpW—fj ,iefoi..M J/Jarov, 
li:i« now admitted ififtmr, an recommenced hy Ponon on mllicirnt au- 
thority. 

' H. proposes in the Note* lo read unj- (.\ rcmimron) for ftt. 

1 H. ha» adupli'tl ' -'M''',. the conjecture uf M.liiIi v, for iT/Ki^Oa. 

* H. «ay> that Iiutlio hu correctly united 'Eyvuna mirdV, and Inni- 
latod Toi"[ilf, ■■ et hi«co;" u if, while pronouncing nwcili, Hcphp«ii 
looked iu llic fetter* in his binds, l>y which ho i* IWIlllliUl of hu I 
nnl free lo act, in Zeus is. Surh 1 «i«pcrl in the interpretation of! 
lies Haunt in Olwcrv. Crii. p. 67, of which Hermann approves; fr 
Haunt's brochure I know nothing bul llic nun*. 



S40 APPENDIX. 

M. imbc yip tvpeiv **]£ Apqxiw* ntyov. 

For he fa skilled in finding a road 1 ©yen out of 
difficulties P. 4 L8 

100. xri reppara rMP fcrrmVuu. 

Where the ends of tbcee things mutt arise. 1 .... 6 21 

147. irrrpoic npo$avatvtycvov— 

Withering away on rocks*— 7 1 

ieSL <K#a yovv hbf f 

With the exception of one at least, 4 7 14 

108. OiptPOf dorpafrj v6ov f 

Laying down fir himself a determination not to 

be turned,* 7 14 

219. do*Ay di to&c vitt p r i po v ^ Kpartlv. 

But that the superiors in craft 6 would conquer. * 8 22 

348* *«2 fi^y QiXoioiv oUrpbf clfopav fyci. 

I am indeed sad for friends 7 to behold. 9 20 

850. 0ptiTo6f ye iraifoa? — 

Yes, by causing mortals to 8 cease— 9 23 

856. nam d 9 direVny Oeols, 

And ho stood against all the gods, 9 12 19 

•W. ipwfc ww ovorj? — 

Of a soul 10 diseased— 13 12 

1 H. in a long note defend* mtpov, which Pornon wished to alter into 
srepovf, on what Appeared to him and to nearly all subsequent editors to 
be sufficient grounds. 

• Instead of this tentence being taken, as usually, interrogatively, H. 
says that the "obliaua oratio" has more gravity in it. 

9 8o H. t but in the Notes he prefers *irpp to irrrpaif. 

• H. has adopted hty, furnished by three MSS. But what is tho 
meaning of yovw here, he has not explained. 

• H. from conjecture uarpa^ for dyvc/iirrov, referring to Hesych. 
9 A9fpa^4c' o*\iipof SoeoffAfr Mvoo'f. 

• H. from eonjecturo ineprrpov? instead of {irepixovrac» 

' H. from eonjecturo oUrpdf in lieu of Mttvdf-— but nothing seems to 
be gained by the change. 

9 Instead of / Irravaa, H. has ye waveac, the conjecture of Porson, 
confirmed by three MSS. 

9 H. irtoi d* dvrioTf 0eoZf. But the relative 6c could hardly be omit- 
ted here. 

M After discussing this passage in an elaborate note, H. prefers fvxfft 
•• •PfvT* 



THE SEVEN AGAINST THEBES. 151 

187, 8, 9. lirnuc&v t* dypvirvw 
mjdaXiuv did ordpia 
nvptycverav ^oa/puv 
And the bits through the fire-produced reins, 

the rudders of sleepless horses. 1 1\ 42 L 1ft 

201-2. — ■ dkX' ovv Qcoi>f 

airrovf akovatft TrdAeo? 
But however, the gods themselves* of a cap- 
tured city 42 

206. neiOapxia ydp ion rrft evnpaftaf 
/ir/nyp, yovift ovrijpof. 

For obedience to rule is the mother of success, 
which is the savior of seed. 3 42 

209. tort ' Oeols <5' tr* ioxv$ KoOvneprepa. 

It is so: 1 but there is still a power superior to 

the gods. 48 1 

210-212. nokfoitci 6* ev KOKolm riv afirjxavov 
KaK ^aA€7r«^ 6va$ imp T* oppdrw 
Kprjfivafif.vav vefakav oaot. 
And oftentimes 5 docs it save the person in a 
difficulty amidst ills and out of a severe 
calamity, and from clouds hanging over his 
eyes. s 48 2 

223. rardf nori OKonav 

To this look-out— 6 ; . . . . 43 



1 Here Atti orofia i* due to Srhutz, and uypvrrvuv to Scidlor. Dot 
thoiiL'li the liyhtninp of Jupiter might l>c called uypwrrvov /3l£oc in Prom. 
300, the game epithet could hardly bo applied to the hones, or I'frfriirtg,, 
or rein*. 

* H. has adopted Schuti's reading, Airrotic dAovayf, in lien of fo^r rff 

U/.ovtrrjr— 

3 So H. in lieu of yvvi) ourifpo^. 

* So H. point* with Brunek after 'Kert. 

• H. reail* k<\k x a/ - r *"C with nearly all the MSS. and mihatttutea wuk 
for njilfat. which Hcnych. explain* hy /latjdei ical auCn. But though tho 
Vrrh i* found in that scnac in Thcogtiis, 868, and CaUimach. H. in Del. 
Si. it was unknown on the Attic Rtage. 

• So H. in lieu of TunV t( uKpoiroXiv, for which one MS. onon ttr* . f% 
OKo-lav, and another ruvd' ic okokHv. n 



Sfft APPENDIX 

837. mMj 99 invktif tat ol sal irifoav iriXt*. 

Thou art thyself nuking both thyself and all 
the dty a slave. l P. 48 L 16 

856. htpuR re inyyoZf Mar/ r* lofifjvov, 

To tlia fountain* of Dircd and the waters* of 
Ismenos 44 14 

809-861. * M * fcrevrcyiqs 

Ofpuv rp&rraia, Satuv <r toOt^ara 

orhfm npb vowv, dovplmtfP ayvdtf di/totf, 

Thus I pray, that I will place trophies, and I 

will put op as an ornament the dresses of tho 

enemy before the temples, fixed by means of 

spears to tho undcfilcd buildings. 3 44 18 

874. dpdswTOf *3? nf ritcvw 

impdidoutP X^xatuv 6v$twdropa$ 

irdvrpoQof neXttdf. 

Am a dove, altogether a none, dreads, on ac- 
count of her young ones keeping in their 
nest, serpents, bad partners of her bed. 4 46 1 

896. [Although II. has in tho text his own drav, 
jtfjHmXov draVj adopted by Blomf. and oth- 
ers, yet he prefers in the notes dvdpokereipav, 
komov pl\j)orcXov draVy in lieu of kqX ravi 
where it is strange ho did not perceive «Aav- 
rdv lying hid.] 

899. £H. has marked by asterisks the loss of a word 
between evedpol and re.] 

314. papekf n$ Tv#a£ nporapp&v* 

Some one in fear for a heavy fate 45 24 

1 H. adopts Wundcrlich's Khrrj <rv davXoff teal eh — 

• In lieu of ov6 f <!*' '\outjvo\>, H. reads vAari r* 'I0/M7VOO, as proposed 
fay Bo Geel on Eurip. Phcen. p. 151, and similar to L. Dindorf s i6aai r* 
*Mpfvod— 

a 8o H. in lieu of Qqaeiv rpowaia woXtjtiw toOijpara Aufvpa djuv 
Smtpimix? uyvoif oojpoif ZrrV>u irpb vauv. But npd vauv and ayvolc 
osyoif could scarcely be thus found in the same verse. 

4 H. reads with Dothe and Burner dptitcorruf, with Blomficld dvfev- 
svrepoc. and with Lachmann Xtxufov. But why a single dore should 
fair more than one serpent it is not easy to explain. 

• H. ss*4s rtf for roi. 



\ 



\ 



PROMETHEUS CHAINED. 248 



464. scvyAatffi (5oi;Af rovra aufuiaiv 0\ euro? 

Serving with yokes mid [their] bodies, 1 in order 

that— P. 16 L 10 

466. ty' dpfia r* jjyayov 

And I brought under a car 3 16 12 

474-6. *a«oc b" iarpoc «C T *d «V votfov frco&y, 
KOKotg dOvfitl? 
And, like twine bad physician, falling into a dis- 
order, you are dispirited by ills 3 16 18 

495. [After ?rpo? r/Jov;)r, II. marks the defect of a 

lino by asterisks.] 1 17 10 

535. fuika pot tovt* c/f/u'ro* 

May this remain very much 8 with mo 18 21 

5-15. <\*(f u7tu$ dxoptg X^W * <& 0*^°Ci Wiri 

LoI G how thankless is the favor. O friend, 
say— 18 27 

548. — ■ — d rb (pcjruv 

dkabv oedcTiu yrvo$ inneirodiOfifvov. 

By which the blind race of mortals is bound 7 

after having been fettered. 18 80 

554. M'X ? € 'C ov v v/itTfl/ow 

At your marriage 8 I was singing the hymeneal 
strain 18 85 



ta 



1 H. unites nufiartiv (T with (rrylaifrt, oWnring that in oufxaoiv theft 
is an alluftion to person* riding on horseback. 

* H. read*, with one MS., Dawes and Tyrwhitt, iif apfia r* in lieu of wf* 
upftar'. 

' So H. rrjecta n?Av$ before ffwcdf, and inserts fta/cofo from conjectural 
before tlOvfitlf. 

* Not only was this lacuna first pointed out by myself, but the nvrtns 
of supplying it likewise. 

• H. read* }iula for a).ld. on account of the metre. 

• 80 H. renders Cx'pe. But such is not the meaning of thai verb; 
liirh, if it i* over thus found by itself, is certainly not bo before 6irwf. 

' H. initrrtR dithrai to supply the lacuna, as Palcy, whose name should 

ure been mentioned, had done already. Dut 6i6trat is a mere tautolo* 

y when united to tuTrcnoAiopivov. 

' For the sako of the metro H. reads Afro? tic ohv instead of Aljpf 
obv. 



■I— i S. 'J T^^. rSa^m - W 



M4 APPENDIX. 

SssW sjB ^MHWCf 19 

Cm Rmiihih 

WO. r tvof 4/mJlA*tat 

As to tbo punishment*, 1 for what error art thou 

being destroyed? P. 19 16 

666-7. r -HUevedS y 

t4* pupthmbv tipjpSoa (krfrrav. 
Ward oft; Earth, beholding* the neatherd with 
[his] myriad eyes. 10 8 



574. to Id fftfnoi, not /*' ayot*w 

Ye powers, whither do ye lead me—* 20 



698. jtipfoudtt ffeirpof? fpivoc 

Pricking with stings my mind 4 . 20 24 

607. ri fuJXPP % T * ^V/wwcov 

What plan or what 5 remedy 20 29 

630. ftd} fiov npotijdov paoodvuf % 9 (tol yXvtcv. 

Do not care for me to a greater degree than is 

agreeable to me. 21 18 



1 H. reads rou-df, governed by 6At*ei, which, as it comprehends the 
idea of riveic, has likewise its regimen. And so too reads Palcy. Dut 
the passages, which the latter quotes to support the syntax, tho former 
has omitted ; for ho saw, no douU, they were not in point. 

• H. omits with two MSS. Oo/fofyfo*. But how cife/xtaz is to bo taken 
grammatically, he has not explained. 

' • H. conceives that futKpal or *0ovdc has dropped out after uyovmv. 
Bat ftaxpal would bo superfluous before rrjtewXavot, and jflofof would 
be scarcely intelligible thus standing by itself. 
4 80 H. completes tho verso by adding Qpivaf. 

• H. reads ri fUfx°P w » tn Ehnsley, and # ri fupfiaxov with J. Fr. 
Martin. 

• H. has adopted Elmsley's /iowrovwf if /tot yXvicv, although Elmslcy 
had himself subsequently repudiated the alteration ; while, on the other 
hand, H. rejects his own fitiaoov uv, although it has been received 
by Reisig and Palcy ; and whilo J. Wordsworth had, in the Philological 
Museum, N. II., p. 242, quoted some passages from Lysias and Plato 
to confirm Hermann's notion, at Viper y 70, that fiuaoov uf is the same 
as p&ooov £— « notion adopted likewiso by Schaefer on Theocrit. Id. ix. 
85, and PriUsche, Quest. Lucian.. p. 89, H. now asserts that those very 
passages are too few in number and of too suspicious a kind to be de- 
pended upon. 



THE SEVEN A0AIK8T THESES. 155 



855. onovdij 6e *o2 rotfcT ov* dnapirtiu ir&fe. 

And hasto doct not place fltljr 1 the foot of this 
person. P. 46 LIS 

373-375. 0op trap* Hxflatf norafdai^ pdxK ip&v, 
Iniroc xoAii'wt' <P iif ffaTaoftia/wwv PpqUl, 
o$ti$ jjor)i> oaXmyyof dpyalvu pb*nr. 
Ho is clamorous by the river's banks, eager to 
battle, and as a steed, breathing against the 
bit, snorts, wlicn, waiting for the sound of 
tho trumpet, it is in a rage. 1 47 U 

381-3. *oi vvicra ravrrfp 



rax* av yhwro ftdvrif r) dvota Ttvt, 

And this night may perchance become 

silliness to sonic one 47 SO 

396. bUt] d* dunffiow Ktipra %*iv irpoarikkerai 

And justice of the. samo blood 3 sends him vmy 

much forward 48 8 

399-400. (if Aica/wf TrdAcwr 
rrp6fiax<K ipwrai* 
Since justly he rushes forward to fight to the 
city 48 8 

* 05. yiyac &T aAAoc 

This is another giant — fl 48 13 



1 So II. understands the words ofa oVapr/sW, which he formerly alter- 
ed into op Karapyi&t, with the approbation of Schutt, WclUuer, and of 
myself in Poppo's Prolegomena, p. 271. 

* Hero H. has altered fihti dpfmivn—fifvuv into Ppffitl „ 

opyaivn /uvuv. A war-horse is not, however, excited to anger while 
waiting for the sound of the trumpet, hut in being held back after it has 
been heard. * 

' Here H. adopts 6/iai?iuv, the reading of many MSS., and to rye 
£»>■) nvmr 6Uaiov t the explanation of tho Scholiast, which I can not un- 
derstand. 

* H. retains dixaiur, by whieh he perhaps understood, as Palcy dors, 
•• in a just cause," or " under that justice, which had sent him forward." 

* H. retains Tiyac 6iV u/.Aof, and refers to the proverbial 'A?.&or 
ovtoc 'H/MKA/>r. But as there were many giants, and only one Hercules, 
this reference to the proverb is scarcely in point. \ 



256 APPENDIX. 



410-11. ov6k rtjv btb$ 

ipiv ireou aufpfxiaav efinodwv oxcOetv. 
And that not oven the contest of Zeus, rushing 
like a bolt to the ground, has stopped him in 
tho way. 1 P. 48 L 18 

416, t/c (vaTtjaerat ; 

Who shall stand with him?'' 48 25 

422. dpav nupeoKevaofUvof, 

i, Oeovf ot/swv . 

Ovtjruf u>v, i$ ovpavbv 

neftnei yeywva Zrjvl KvjialvovT 1 tntf. 

Prepared to do net*, which, whilo dishonoring 
tho god*......hc being a mortal, semis words 

to heaven, loud-speaking [and] swelling liko 
waves, to Zeus. 3 49 1 

434. tcpawov de viv fitXog naoxtOoi 

And may the thunderbolt restrain him 4 40 13 

453-4. avv tvxq dt' t<jj 

kcu 6rj TrinefiTrrai. 
And with some fortune suppose him sent 8 40 30 

462. hrtixofMi r&de (lev ei reXtoai, 

I pray that" to this person thou mayest grant a 

good end 50 7 

1 Such in tho literal English vrrnion of the text of II. ; although hi« 
own in I*otin is"Ncquo no Jovis iram impediment loco habiturum." 
Hut 'KfMf lB not " Ira ;" nor can the nor. 2 axtOtlv have a future meaning 
without mis an Kliiislcy remnrkcil long ngo. 

■ H. retain* tic $v(rrr)fjcrai % and reject* Zvmltjatrai preserved by Plu- 
tarch ; for $voTt}ocrai in v. 41)0, and $vorr}oopai in v. 663, are found in a 
similar sense. 

* Such is the literal version of the text of H., who has altered 0cotY 
into a drm\, for reasons which ho has not given, nor I can discover. 

* So H. by altering ImoxMai into K(w\t0<u, i. e. % naraoxitiot\ but he 
has not shown how Hard could ho thus abbreviated into «a in dramatic 
Greek, although it is into tear, in tho ease of KarOnvuv. 

• H. unites avv rr.vy oV Ty with Kal 6% ntirefiTrrat. Dut teal oV) al- 
ways begins a sentence. 

• H. has altered evri'Xfh' into rv rclraai, to avoid the inelegant union 
of tbrvxtlv and oYrrvjw', and to equalize the syllables in the antithetic 
Terse*. Dut what inelegance there ia in cvrvxeiv t thus opposed to 6vc 
T9X*&t it i* difficult to discover. 



THE SEVEN AGAINST THESES. 257 

L*»l» 

O, 



4*1. [Although II. has retained in the text +400? 
Kofi-Jd^era^ jet he pcefcr» in the Note* o)oW 
(•• murder") ffeyim^rrai.] 1*. 60 L tS 

495. [After o>Arywi> II. thus arranges the Tcne, 
'rTf^rfwoe— £rnihifoc--Toul6«--IIporTwv 
— rejecting with Diudorf Kothrtj Ttf— «nd Ei 

513-13. ; — &? 

]ly the might of lib Apcur. 1 SI 10 

531. [There w no nccd,*uy» II., for supposing, with 
Dindorf, that soiue vcrecs luivo heen lost. It 
i* only requisite to transposo 532, 533. Thk 
very notion was first promulgated by I*aley, 
of whom II., however, has taken no notice.]. 52 S 

535. x f W <** op? T" <V ,a<M / l0V 

But his hand looks to what is to be done. 9 . ... 52 12 

538. [Although II. has retained peovaav, "flowing,** 
in the text, in the Notes ho prefers Oopovaav, 
" running— "] 52 15 

5*11-2. i$u)0e cT cttju tm tktpovri /if/i^terai, 

TrvKivv Kponjonov rvyxdvov& vnd mvXiv. 
But die will find fault with tho person bearing 

her from without to within, 3 when slio meets ' 

with a frequent battering under tho city. ... 52 10 

513. it cii' tDsijOfrftatit 9 £)'& 

"Which point* I will make true. 4 52 20 

1 If. adopt* fbfuif from five MSS. in lien of Aioc- 

■ If. by rendering »Vn/, " rcspirit," t. e. % "curat," avoids the necessity 
of rending with Maurice Haupt x r 'f } dl dpp rd t^Mitji/iov : who should have 
suggested xth> # *f" 1 *i tp*o* "P' vv— for thus tho hand, that will tell 
what it lias l>cen doing, is properly opposed to tho mouth, that boasts of 
what will bo done. 

3 H rcml* tiuOr rf rjttu in lieu of f&jOcv clou. Ho conceives, bows* 
cr, that a vornr ban been IomI before ?§uOc. 

* No 11. in OpiiKCul. iv. p. 383, which Ahrens has attrilHited to Seid* 
1<t while Paley has taken it to himself, observing that uhjOevctv gov- 
erns an accusative in Eurip. Hippol. Fr. 15, Xptivt^ Aupnuv irm»r! 
u'/.rffjfvetv Qilti. But ho was not aware that, as irdvra is governed hj 
<*«} in diipTov, tho sense is, •• Time, creeping through all things, is wont 
to be found true." \ 



258 APPENDIX. 

Umsi ft*totnr«to 

O.T«A» TfMftUUt*. 

656. [Although II. has retained this verse in tho text, 
yet in the Notes he rejects it as spurious, dis- 
satisfied with rwv Kaiitiv, for which he would 
read nTjiuiruv, " calamities," not aware that 
the poet wrote rbv kokCjv diddoicaXov, simi- 
lar to the preceding rbv avopo^oVn?!', rbv 
nokews rapdtropa — J P. 52 1. 20 

557-8. ical rbv abv avOif e ! c irarpbf poipav tcdaiv 

And again upon your brother, with reference 
to your father's fate, throwing haughtily his 
eye— 1 52 31 

559. dvfeKTckevTOV rovvofC Ivdarovfitvo^ 

Dividing his name with its ill-fated end 3 53 1 

573. ov yap doxelv dfuarog Otkei. 

For he docs not wish to seem to be the best 3 . . 53 13 

582. [H., with Porson and others, considers this verso 

to be interpolated from some other play.] ... 53 21 

603. yepovra rbv vovv, adpKa d' i^Cx^av (f>vei 

lie produces 1 an old intellect, but youthful flesh. 54 11 

633. av cT avrty yvC>0i * vavuXi'ipei rrdkiv 

But do thou thyself determine ; rule then the 

ship 5 of the state. 55 8 

648. AiKjy npo^FlTre 

Justice addressed him. 6 55 22 

1 H., after thus altering nal rbv abv aiOtc npfirftnpnv uArfytbv, found 
in aotnc MSS., and TTptt^TTOfxtv in other*, and adopting Schutz's o///ia for 
6i*o/<a, ought to have shown what meaning m'Oic could have in this 
plaeo ; and how the Messenger could even hint to Etcocles the fate of 
his father, in whose ill treatment l>oth the sons had an equal bharc ; or, 
granting that the Messenger merely repeated what he had heard, why 
Amphiarcus should have reproached Polyniccs for his bad behavior to 
CEdipus at all. 

• H. has Altered nVc r* lv rtXrvrtj into (JirrKr/Arvror, to which ho was 
led, no doubt, by SchuU's dixcvriXcvrov, whoso name, however, is not 
mentioned. 

1 H. retains tiptftroc — 

• H. has adopted Wellauer's ${<n for pYw* in MS. Med. 

• So H. by altering ravi&tipeh* into vavxAr/oft— 

• H. f with Paley, retains woocei jre— 



r 



THE SEVEN AOADWT THEBES. SM 

«*•* KBSEf 

j5 7t wrtpuv wpaQMfnTU 

Protection ■guinnt arrow*.' F. W LSI 

638. — «"""* *$ *<** ,ffT ' aWufiwv 

like to liita who luu apokon wart wickedly. 1 . . U M 

6CI-5. [Although It. retains in the text tbo common 
amuigciwiit, yet in tbo Notes bo would 
clmn«fl tl«o order of tin 'rencs, u suggested 
by Krliutx, uml road, Klirrn — Ka*&» — 'Eont, 
which 1m thus explains in Latin i u 8bm 
■kcliiuuvm fralrem, «t mnlum hoc, nan punira 
furocientcm, sine turpitudino forro no— n| 
(vd, quit! mala Minultjiio turpi* rant, non dicu 
liuiiliimlu. Krto; cungrcdiiir cum frntrot to- 
linn cnim apud inferos lucrum est, i.e., in 
uiortc." Bui I do not perceive how such * 
tenw out be obtained from lite Greek.] 55 39 

670-7. rrXrh' . . . . • 

Ofiftntfiv ■npo^t^dvu 

Sit on my eyes — lo accomplish 3 50 11 

680-1. «i*6c oil nrxXi)- 

an, iiiov ev Kvptpai;. 
Thou will not 1*0 culled n coward, luring thy- 
self well as regard* life 1 56 18 

681. [Although II. retain* in (lie text orav At #ep<3v, 
yet in llio Notes lie prefers «m£' otov X<ty&v, 
" from whose liiiiiiW] 50 10 

G8G-0. vttv ore aai TrnpiiraKcv • iittl jtAmIuv 
kijiuirof tlv rpiTTiiiji Xl""''i l /«™AA« 
(iKTuf Icwf tti' i/.0ot ^fiJ.ttpwrtpy 
nwiftan ' vvv 6' in £e<. 
Now is it in your power (i*. e. to avoid death) t 



' H rraiU with some MRS, mrpuf, ami refcra to Lycophr. M. Tolf 
TfiTBjifi'nif ,loirn'-)jiv trrrpJi/inriti; whirh EuaUUhiua on li. p. ITS, 30, 
exitlaina by rod Tturu/mt t*r9o* Saretf. 

' Su II. tjy Liking (h'hIu/iiiv in on iwtiac acme. 

* -Sucli i« tli* liteml veminn of rririw in llio text of H. i who unw, 
liowevrr, in the Noira, th.it niriv ii joined with ii/i/ianii' nftoaiCavri, ue> 
r-nu-b the kdh if, " it Biliiioniihci mo." Out audi a acnae can oat bo 
tlirititl from llimo wonla. 

* So H. render* (ifor ri nvpqmt, which mrini, he My*, "regulating 
tliy Ufa properly." But nuptio hu no auch meaning tlaewbaro. 



260 APPENDIX. 

UMb B«faM««tt 

•Vital. TiMriail— _ 

since the wave, being changed by a late turn 
of counsel, would perilling come with a re- 
laxed breeze ; but at present it i* boiling. 1 .P. 56 L 21 

600. i&inHir yiip OUMrtov karevypara. 

For the iuiprccatioiM of CEdipus 3 havo caused it 
to boiL 56 24 

697. vUjj ye /irvrot teal kokov ripjjL 0e6f. 

With victory, however, a god honors even the 
coward* 3 

704. [Although II. has retained tvicraiav in tho text, 
yet in tho Notes he prefers duevrrow, " swift- 
footed," not only to preserve a syllabic equali- 
ty in tlie measures, but to get rid of evtcraiav, S 
as being superfluous before tcardpag shortly 
afterward.] 57 2 

717. «oi yata k6vi$ — 

And the dust of tho earth. 4 57 17 

743-4. perafb <T uXxav oV dktyov 
Tfivu nvpyof £v *Apn. 
And in the middle spare (i. c. l>ctwccn the city 
and the impending flood) a tower Mrctchea 
for a short time its protection in war. 6 58 4 

747-8. Tekciai yap 7raXai<f>aTu)V dpav 
Papeicu KaraXXayai' 
For the reconciliation of formerly-spoken curses 

are heavy, when accomplished. 6 58 6 

1 Such U tho English of the Latin version given by H. of his own text ; 
where he ha* introduced k?.vAuv for Mftuv, and uv rpoTaig. (in the 
Rotes) for uvrpoiraig, and x a ^ fl f* ur *(* , f l f° r Oakr^turifitft. 

9 So H. renders l$rCtoav, which ho say* is in the plural, because 
garevyftara is a personification, I presume, in the place of 'Apai. 

' So H. by altering vim/v into m//, and Kanr)v into kukuv — 

4 H. has substituted yaia jcmmc for x^ ovia *o>"fi referring to Hcsych. 
Tata Kovtf if vf/. 

• Such is the English of the Latin version given by H. of his own 
text; where he has adopted uptt found in one MS. as a var. lect. for 
ripei. 

• H. has adopted Engcr's ufxlv for upai. But he does not explain what 
is meant by "the reconciliations of curses :" he thought perhaps that Pa- 
ley bad done so satisfactorily. 



■ 



THi-: SLTEN AGAINST THEDES. 20 1 

74 l J-50. to- o oxoa 

But thing* which ore peruidoa^ do not come in 
vain. 1 P.M L7 

765. H\fpnortK\%iV iftfturuv hthtyxfltl 

Ho wandered from child-meeting eye*. 1 68 17 

767-8. rrnvoiaiv <T dpfy 

{<pfjtcev irrtKvTovs rpo^a? 
And he wiit ngninftt hi* children angry curm on 
account of liiti bringing them up.' 68 10 

773. OapaelrF, ?rcridrc fttjTrpiov rrtytyi/iriui • 

lie of jrood chocr, yo children delicately brought- 

up of mot hen*, 1 68 SO 

785-801. [II. has with great acutcnem shown that 
the common nrnuigeinent of tho verm pre- 
sents n maw of unconnected hlcais which not 
a single schobtr hu« hitherto had the talent 
to perceive ; and that not only luis ono vemo 
been improperly related, but that the Unfit 

1 Such in the literal version of the text of H., who has Adopted weXopnt 
from throe MSS.,and altered from conjecture nupfpxtrui tnto/fty tyftrrci: 
while hi* own Latin version in •• Qum peniiciosn sunt (i. c, Pcstifcra, ttt 
dirt) non prrtcreunt, *ed manrnt.** Dm how puch a meaning can bo 
elicited from those word*, I eau not understand. 

* Hero again a literal Knglish version of the text of H. best shows 
whether it ho certainly, an the author himself fancied, or probably, as 
Paley coneeives, a restoration of what --Lschylua wrote. Tbo Latin rrr- 
rion'jriwn hy **• °f * v J*>oreKvuv (in lieu of KpeioaoTtKvw c^dir 1 ) tyfui- 
ruv M.uyxyi >»» " pnvavit so oculis, qui Hbcris occursuri erant, •". t. t 
vUuri cas." 

J H., retaining tirtKorovc, says with Schutz that (Edipua was Mifry 
with himself for having brought up his children born in incest Bat why 
lie should have invoked curses upon his children for an act dons by him- 
wlf, and for which they were not responsible, H. has failed to assign a 
reason. Dy rpoQuf is meant, as every one else has seen from the timo 
[>f the Scholiast on Sophocles G2d. 1376, to that of Paley, the (bod which 
was sent insultingly by the sons to their blind father. 

* H. has altered rcOpau/tevai into reOpvfiftfvai, to answer to tho ex- 
planation of tho Schol. SciXal tnrd ptiripov unaX&c TtOpaflUvai. But 
why any allusion should be made to the delicate manner in which the 
roung ladies of tho Chorus had been brought up by their mothers, it is 
tiffieult to understand. 






I 



i 



• > 



v i 



V 



4 

■ l" 1 



'» .•! 



f 

■I 
* t| 

'V 



...... J 



262 APPENDIX 

s«r«f«M»ii 

were probably written in the following or- 
der: 

XO. ri 6* tort irpayof P. 69 1.3 to 10 

AIT. TroAif aiauxjrcu 

XO. rivttv ; ri 6* clrrac 

AIT. ipoovovoavvv okovoov. Oldinov yevov? — 

XO. oi 9 y£> rdkaiva 

AIT. nimotccv alfia 

XO. ttelOi Kt)X0ov 

AIT. avdpcf reOvaot 

XO. ovrwt; adeXfaus 

AIT. ovd* diupikeiCTWf 

XO. ovruf 6 daifKov 

AIT. avrbf 6* divzAot 
rotavra x a *pciv 

800. l(ovai 6\ ijv Xd(kMiv h ra<p\j, x^ va 

And they shall possess the land, which they may 

receive in the tomb. 1 59 23 > 

801 • narpbt; icar' e£\;ac oVc^rroY/iot'C <f*povpovii£voi 
Guarding [it] according to the ill-fated prayers 
of their father. 3 59 21 

805-6. KdrroXoXvi-Q) 
ouTTjpi 7ruXeG>$ doiveip. 
And raise a shout over the saving non-injury 
of tho city. 3 60 2 

800-10. ol dfjr* 6p0u$ icar' tmjvvfilav 

icXeivol r 9 irebv koi irokweucelf 
Who rightly according to their appellation both 

truly renowned and very contentious 1 GO 4 

1 H. adopts Brunck's x^ova in lieu of ^tfofof. 

* H. has altered Qopovftevoi into Qpovpov/tevoi, taken rather unusually 
in an active sense. But an Qpovpoi'finm has ever}' where elne a pa*«i>c 
sense, both the new reading and the old must be rejected equally. The 
dramatist evidently wrote /o/ta/yjf'rot, " detstroved — " 

9 Such is the literal version of tho text of H., who has elicited aurt n % 
froAtwf uoiveiy from fro?. rue dowel ourt/pt, by the aid of tho words ol* 
the Schol. uoiveip ' ufaajclp ourr/pt • tovto ytip iiriOerov ; for so he 
corrects ucivei * u3Xaj3ei • ounjpiac tovto yitp iTtWeTov. But as delve ia 
is a noun not found elsewhere, it seems rather hazardous to coin it for 
the occasion. 

• H. has. introduced here from conjecture tXtivoi r* tribv to answer to 



r 



THE SEVEN AGAINST THEBES. 263 



«.. *• 



©•»7. orp. J 833. drrtarp. p* 

&20. Air/ itl u>puir<u, didni' dyarvpea *<uru 

Twofold care*; twin evila performed nan- 

fuilv— - P. 60 L 17 

•330. niroOom, Atunpa* ri/aa rddc i?a0ty, 

Th< -.<•<.• mi florin's* [nrv] nclf-murdcrouf* fatal to 

two, brought to an end 60 18 

Kil. ri <5* tl/.'/.o y* #/ -roi-o* c$o*iw»> ipttrrioi ; 

What cLm: than labors 1 at the hearth of houses t GO 21 

KJ.">. —0nofi$a 

Which j>:u*ca the road, 4 60 24 

lleiorc the lament [of the titers]. 6 61 4 

n><j-1. -. ri At) (3////.A- 

What 7 have ye invonic reconciled by Htccl? ... CI 16 

><*i7. [II. has marked tho loss of a line, first noticed 
by Lachmann, and Milwequcnlly by Ehnaloy.] 



'V.7fr>K/.r t r, ju*t as rrn'/viriKric docs to IIoArrr Ur/t : to which ho wa* led 
l»y the word* of the Scholiast, irzun'/tur 'V.reoK/r/r aal Ylo'/ vftiKtif. But 
an irri,v i* a word not elsewhere found in Tragedy, he has ttuggested 
iikrw i».c nrv t (iK/t/u. Thin would be far preferable, were it not that 
the i-rror lirn in ( h A^r' n )t tlur — 

•II. hart remarked that critic* ha\c not perceived the antistrophical 
v<tm'm here. Symondn. however, had in the Urili»h Review, No. 2, no- 
tierd the same fact ; ami in the Classical Journal. No. 8. p. 4G4, I had 
arranged tlic verses in nearly the Maine manner as H. has done. 

1 No H by altering Aidvfttivnpa into 6i(hn' u^avupca. But ayaifopta 
it nc»t elsewhere applied to an evil act or Buttering. 

3 H. reads M/topa. for tViuotpa — 

4 H. omits with Hob. •xuvuv after vovoi. 

*•*>«> H. tranMlateH OrupiAa. not "the sacred whip," but "tho sacred 

road ;" referring to Heaven. Gfupo'c ?tyovm dt kclI rr)v 6fov f Si* jjf 

Himv /r? rii irfHi, OrupiAn. But the meaning of the gloss is that Oeupic 
was united to rWIof, not that it meant Mite by itself. 

* S t ) H. understand** Trtmrrpov dv/zj/C, thus tacitly adopting Palcy'i* 4 aiv» 
tcquam planetum ordiantur ' But QrjfjT} never has such a meaning. 

H. has adopted Lacuiuann'a ri 6r) for ^o^, for the sake of the 
tnctre. 



264 APPENDIX. 

Um fa lUfw«*i« ta 

O.VMH TtmmUUm. 



1 Such is the literal version of the text of H , which he thus explains 
in Latin : " Etiam domum mortifcro vulncre pcrcussam esse elicit." But 
how such a meaning could bo extracted, I confess I can not understand. 
And even this text is obtained only by omitting n-P.aydv after 7.iyrt{ % and 
changing dofioioi teal oufiam ireirbriyfAevovc hi'tnu into rre ir?*ti) ficvovf nal 
dofiotaiv hvhrtiv. 

• Such is the literal English version of the text of H , which ho thus 
renders into Latin, " sdium propter cos lamcnta meus prosequitur regum 
luctus." 

' H. t with Ahrcns, reads, for the sake of the metre, dtaprafiaic in lieu 
of dutirofiaif ; while, to meet the objection that diapraftf) is not found in 
Lexicons, he observes, that " Lexicons arc made from writers, not writers 
from Lexicons.*' But whon a word is thus coined by a critic, ho should 
at least show that it carries with it the mark of an authorized mint. How 
easy was it to read dial to/iu^ ov Qi?.ac ; for itschylus is partial to dial 
in the sense of d<d in the Choral parts of a drama. 

• H. adopts Blomficld's ^u/xan for oupari — 

• H. reads iroroiot yevcuv, and rejects ye dopovf, or yt 66fuiv t or ye 
isjsaifi found in different MSS. 



I 



870-1. diavratav Xeyeif irenkaypivovf 
teal ddfioimv tvveneiv — 
Thou snyest that perrons struck arc telling even j 

to houses of a blow sent right through, 1 . . .P. 61 L 24 

890, 1, 2. do/ia)? ftdX 9 agav in 9 avrolg 

nporrriantt ' 

daiKTtjp yooc. • 

A cutting lament sends forth very much a 

sound from houses over them. 3 62 4 

009. diaprafiai$ ov (ptkcug 3 

By not friendly butchering*-— 62 18 

922. xmb 6e ^d>/ian 

And beneath a mound — 4 62 28 

925-6. l£> noXXols inavOiaavreg 
novoiai ytvtdv • 
Alas ! yo who have caused a family 5 to bloom 

with many troubles. 62 20 

926. [Although II. has in the text retained rekevrp 
6* ai6\ yet in the Notes he prefers Tekcvralai 
6\ "at last;* 9 for he doubtless perceived that 
aide would bo scarcely intelligible] 62 30 



THE SEVEN A0AHC8T THEBES. S65 



934. [On this verse II. has confound, in a nttuwr 
that doc* his memory inAnito honor, thai ho 
did with singular rashness attempt to arrange 
the metro hero into an antistrophic farms 
and though his notions havo been received by 
oilier*, both tho leader and hb followers were 
all equally in the wrong; and hence ha has 
now mloptcd tho idea, fint broached by 
iiiY«elf, although ridiculed by him on its pro- 
mulgation, that verses arc frequently found 
running in pairs of the snmo or different 
measures.] P. 62 L 30 

939-40. [To suit the measure, as described on v>932, 
H. has olicitcd 

ANT. TTpofietoat taraxrh 
ANT. Thou licst before [mo], after having 
killed [him], 
from npoKciaeraif and inserted from conjee- 
turo 

ISM. Thou Host before [me], after being* 

killed [by him] 63 8 

9-11. arp. 957. arnarp. 1 

944. [For tho sako of the metre, II. has given Jw, & 
dak-pure ov in lieu of navduKpvrc in some 
MSS. and TrokvdaKpvre in others; where 
Kit whl in Scliod. Critic. «ujg;c«ts Trdvdvprt— 
and *o doc.H l'uley likewise.] 63 11 

950-1. [Here again, for tho sake of tho metre, II. has 
given 

ANT. &x*a> dotd, rdd* tyyvOev • 
II M. 77 rka$ adtkipa 6* adekQe&v, 
and rejected toIojv and noiuv found in differ- 
ent MSS. as "being equally inappropriate; and 
ho renders— 

ANT. These double pains ore near. 
ISM. Near too the pair of brothers* ills.]. 63 15 

1 Although H. hero returns to tho ordinary antiatrophic form, yetbtis^ 
Oftbtod to do to only by introducing very arbitrary alteration*. 



- 

1 1 



» A 



i 



K ■ 

* 






266 APPENDIX. ' 

953-3. [H. places hero the distich commonly found 

after v. 970, where lie says they arc not ' * 

suited to the tniin of thought.] P. 63 L 16 

058-0. [II. thus rendu nnd arranges tho speeches: 

ANT. dvfOiara mJ/MiTa— J 

JIM. Mn(r A* iK </>vyas tiioi, 

ANT. SuffcringA biuI to behold — 

ISM. Has he shown to me after his exile.] 63 22 
062. [II. in lieu of 'ATruAecxe dTjra. Kal rivd' &v6o<* 
ifxocv, lias given 

ANT. *UA«re dipa, vat • 

IXM. Tdwfe <T MfHtHtrev, 

ANT, Yes, tnily ho has destroyed. 

ISM. And this one he has deprived. 
But what ho understood by those words, ho 
lias not informed us.] 63 26 

065. pn lieu of rdkav teal ndOo$ in MS. G. II. reads . j. 

with Schiitz in cd. 2, rdkav ndOof, t. «., 
"Wretched is the suffering."] 63 2& 

066. diirova #f//oV ffyi<jit;/ia jj 
Cares of the same name for two troubles— 1 .... 63 29 ,j 

067. divypa Trfj'iara na?*itd7<DV I j 
Tlie thoroughly wet calamities of strikings. 2 . . . 63 30 

073. plcre II. returns to the system of pairs of 

verses, mentioned on v. 932.] 63 37 

081-2. [So reads II. where the asterisks mark tho 
supposed loss of a hemistich answering to 
&va£ 'KrcojcAttc.] 
ANT. lu> 6v£tt6tii(jJv 
I2M. aval- 'KrewcAffC* 
ANT. av 6* ap^ayeTac 

ANT. Alas ! of tho unfortunate 

ISM. A king O Kteoclcs. 

ANT. And thou a chieftain 

loM. • • • . . . 64 11 

1 H. has given diirova in lieu of Avorova. 

■ Such it tho literal version of the text of H., where, instead of divypa 
rpiTaXrw myidruv, he once suggested 6t. dirrdkruv my*- -adopted by 



OtH. (lien again II, mark* the mippoacd lorn of a 
whole line, ntiaweriitg u> ikiTui-rur tbJUwto- 

rwnmM.] .1'. m Lit 

003. erry*** yip {&0p«vr— 

for by bearing up again* eoccalea 1 84 tt 

1031. yi|» ■»*$ <yt< 

Vot I myself 1 « 16 

10aS. Odpau . 

lie ofgoodcbccr. 1 65 19 

1031. Jfil ™ T0 ' >0 " °" ^fvrvrJjuupw Ontff 

Hit; ofliiin of tliw man lutvo not been jut bow 

riuliotiorod by tlie god*.' OS IT 

1034. [After tpyov ! t i'lL liiiw omwgoiUie speeches: 

Kit?, fyiif itrpaivu ........ 

ANT. ryu oe 

conceiving that n, lino hits been lost, u indi- 
cated by tliu nKteri-'k*, which wua spoken by 
Antigone to iliis cfleci: "Who lmvo united 
in doing wrong with tlio party insulting 
him;" in Greek, 

ot ye jjwvSlKTjtjuv vlipioavrt vtv.] 66 6 

1051. tic ovv av tA ttIOoito 

Will any one be persuiuM of this V G6 14 

1036. [To preserve n fancied uniformity in thin witli 
the following synti'iii of AnupivM*, Nitwit], 
in Hclicd. Critic, p. 13, mipiiciitu, what II. is 
disjHwed to adopt, llm inxertion of ry Kod)u>- 
ytvel, "sprung from Ciulinua," after yevep.] G6 18 

' H haa adopted eriyuv. ike conjt-ctuni fir»t of Wakefield, then of Do- 
hrce and ltiiaolil, in the plica o( ervftZv in aoara MSS-, Mid of flpytw, 
found 3M • var loci, in otliora. 

' II la* recrivpd Pieraon'* ni'r^ inale&d of qiny — 

' H. cnnnidi-rn UrifuTii nil a vrrli, not n« a noun dependent on n&ptorat. 

* So H. haa allrral oi> i)t«wj/t*T<u into ni itarrcT^sfMu. But, though 
he ii awnrn thnt itxTi/iiir i< contrary lo analogy, yet auch word*, ho aaye, 
a™ oreuiunally formal by writ.'ra when they aro dtiTBn by »mo aeco- 
•itr looprco thcmaclvc* in a forcible manner. 

1 Such, 1 nreaume. ia the literal Enj;llali vcraion of the teit of H., which 
he thui render! in I -aiin : " Ecqiiia er|jo sd cum una cum ilia ulduectur ;" 
a acnae that the Greek could not pouihly boar, even if the indefinite rir 
omW begin a aenlence. nr rii be put fur r-wrn — auppoaitiona equally at 
ajviiM* with correct tireci, , N 



268 APPENDIX. 



THE PERSIAN& 



.Tni Tnmtoim. 

10-11. Ko*6pavrt$ dyav opaoXoneircu 
Ovfwc, iouiOev 6e (iav&t* 
Highly excited is my ill-foreboding mind, and it 

growls within me. 1 P. G7 L G 

12. olx<*>*e vf.wv 

Is gone of young men. 3 67 8 

30. [II. thinks that something has dropped out here, 
relating to the bowmen, who formed so con- 
spicuous a portion of the Persian army ; and 
that to this place is to bo referred the gl. in 
Hcsych. Jlokkrj tpaptrpa • noXXol rofoYcu.] 

©6-7. rfc 6 KpainvC) notil ni^qfi 9 

Who [is] rushing sufficiently 3 cosily to a leap 

with a light foot? GO 2G 

98-100. fyiXofypuv yap •nonaaivov' 
oa to nfHorov napdyn 
Pporbv elf apKvag dra % 
For fawning at first upon a mortal with a friendly 

feeling does Ate lead [him] aside to nets. 4 ... GO 27 



1 H. places hero o? /3ai\><t commonly found after olxuxe viov % and re- 
ject* uvdpa, but without stating where that word came from, which usu- 
ally precedes flatlet. 

1 H. reads viuv in lieu of vrov — 

' H. alters irtjdrjuarof into irT/Aqfi' aX/f — 

• H. changes aaivovaa into noriaaivovau to suit partly the metre, and 
partly npofoaivei in the Schol., and elicits upicvac ura from il/ucvoaKra in 
Rob. But be has neglected to state that I was tho first in Prsf. ad Tro. 
p. xz., to detect ura lying hid here. 




THE FEfUUAlm. 

i • 

O.TML # . 

101-a. v nU .... 

oW)***' 

To secretly escape— » P. 72 L? 

111-12. irtowoi XemrMpotf mto» 
poet— 
Trusting to slightly-built cablet 1 72 8 

116, 17, 18. Jlrpoucov <nptm6fumf 

roikfe fit) Ti^Aif irvOifnu ctfmdjp- 
ov pey' Arrv Xowidof 
Lot not tlio state hear that the dty of Saidishts 
becomo widowed by this Fenian amy.*. • • • 7S 11 

110-124. teal rb Kiaaiov noXiqi 9 
dvrtdovnov Several, 

tovt 9 ftrof ywaiKOTrhrfl* 

ifc ofitkog dnvuv, ftvooivdf d* 

iv TtenXoif m:axt Ao*cif. 
And lest tlio citadel of the Cissinns shall bo noisy 
in return, Alas! a crowd filled by women, 
bawling out this word — and [lest] a tearing 
shall fall upon the dresses of byssus. 4 70 18 

151. rpoTirvw, irponirM, 

I fall down ; I fall down — b 

164. ravra fioi dinky (itfHfiva tppaarb^ iv (fyxaiv 
On these points a double aire in my thoughts is 

to be Hpokcn of — ° 71 10 

. i 

1 H. altera vxtp—Qvytiv into vniK—fvytlv, to milt vncKSpapwra in the 
Schol. 

1 SoH. understands Anrro<!cy<o<f, as if it were simply Aeirrofo not 
aware that -Eachylus probably wrote ?.eirroTvvotft by tho usual corruption 
of r into d, first noticed by Porson on Hcc. 788. 

3 So H. renders this passage to prevent tho confusion arising from 
zO.ir and uarv. But tho Persian empire was never called *6/Uf, nor 
could rovAe be said of an army distant from home. 

* Such is the English of Hermann's Latin version of his own text; 
where he has, with raley, retained the unintelligible tooerui thus placed 
between irvOtjTai and near/ ; while yvvatKotr'A.ijOfa fyiiAor is considered by 
both critics as put in apposition with noXiopa. 

* H. repeats irpoxiTvu. 

* H. alters pipi/tv* u+paaroc into pfnuiva fpaordfi and explains opoorof 
by "certa," a meaning that word could not bear. 



270 APPENDIX. 



O.Tut. Tnmduim. 



201. [Although H. has retained 'Exfxivoa in the text, 
yet in the Notes he prefers Vavoaoa, but 
without assigning nny reason for thus intro- \ 

duciug uii absolute sentence/] 1\ 72 1. 10 \ 

216-17. uirov TwitT dnorponyv Xafiiiv 

rdyaO* f:KTekij yevtaOai 
Beg to receive an avertal from theso things [so 

that] good may be accomplished. 1 72 2G 

219-221. irpev/ievwc d* alrov rode 

ebv tt6o v Aaptiov .... i 

iaOXd aot Tri^neiv • 
And beg of thy husband Darius this — to kindly 

send thee good things. 2 72 30 

238. ir&repa yap TO$ovhtb$ alx^rj did X e Pk °^ v ty' 

' Is there a bow-drawn point conspicuous in their 

hand? 3 73 27 

255. dvi' dvia, vcokStq 

Pain, pain, a thing of new harshness — * 74 17 

272. irXayKTolf ev dnrkdiceaoiv 

In their double cloaks wondering about. 5 74 35 

275-277. iv? drrorfiov datotc 
dv$aiar?i (3oav, 
d>C nuvra rray^aifwc Oeol 
IOeoav 
Utter a cry for ill luck [and] for a sad life 
against the enemy, since the gods have placed 
affairs on all sides very badly. 6 74 39 

1 H. adopts hi 3 civ from the worst MSS. in lieu of refaiv from the best, 
and reject ■ <T found cither before or after a)a(lil in nil. 

1 H. read* xprv/trvur, and unite* it to iriftxciv. But the number of in- 
tervening word* would prevent such a union. 

3 H. reads with some MSS. jf/xic, and elicits o$iv l^rrpiirrt from 
avrolr tfixfrixrt in Sehol. MS. Vit. 

* H. omits k<ik<\ here, and yr in tho antistrophic verse. 

* H. adopts the interpretation of Sanravc, and refers to Hesych. 
AfTAaxa ' o/-? k //r, fir-jti/.r/v fax/.niAa ; and he conceives that the descrip- 
tion alludes to the lar^c cloaks of the Persians, which were seen floating 
about on the top of the water. 

* Such is the literal version of the text of H , who has omitted Mpoait 
after dvcaiavTj, and elicited Oeol IOeoav from Wcaav. 



O.T« 



» • 



THE FERSIAX8. 



mpOrpOfitP 




308. 



Whom of t ho leader* oftbafloda 1 than wt be- 
wail t P. 75 LIS 

Tliesc [wen*] oimi fulling* from one ehip. 76 SO 

[Although II. him retained in the text (mmf v 

yet in tlie Note* lie prefer* faayftoft *• ■**"■! 

tlie wonl usually applied to a aatrap.] 76 7 

PL thus arrange* tlie speecoosi 



rdXavra 
AIT. Ocol n6Xiv 



•-j • * • 
«rr ap 



76 SS 
to SO 



manner," but 



AT. 

AIT. dvtipwv yap 

AT. apX'l de . . . 
nntl explains Mr. not "in thin 
••in thi* state of affair* ; w referring to Taylor 
on IJeuiostlicn. Mill., p. <»27, to himself on Vi* 
ger, p. 1)33, and to Scliacler on Dionya, do 
Compos., p. 414.] 
3GG. [Although II. retains in tho text fjv npo*cipcvov f 
yet in tho Notes he prefer* oV npoKeipevoP i 
for ?/r, he says, would require d fyvyov, not 

ir/ e)ffi'£o/aro.] 77 

-&t' hOvpov i/ipfvof. 



367. — 

From u mind without thought? 3 

385. [II. has retained Trerpag in the text; but in tho 
Notes he prefers ~rpa£ y found in one very 
modern MS., as ho does in Kurip. I lei. 955, 
forgetting that an echo is never heard except 
where there is a rock, or something similar, 
to cause a reverberation of the sound.] 



77 



15 
17 



1 H. read* upx^rluv with all tho MSS., and compares the word with 
ayt/eia, tho cpithrt of Pal In*, in her character of " flock-leader,*' accord- 
ing to ionic commentator*, but improperly no, says Hcsych. in AyeXeiifv • 
Xiiac uyovoav, olov Xufvpa ' tviot 6i t uyovaav rode M KoXepov o^Aovf * 
de'/.Ttnv 6i rb Wfwrfftov. 

1 H. roads nioo$ for irioov. But as niaoc is not a Greek word, the true 
reading still remains to be discovered. 

• So H. explains vir* UQvpov— 



272 APPENDIX. 

lb* fa R«f*TMr« u 

O.IM. Tr mhllw . 

411-12. avrol <T vcV avrdv £p/foAa?? vaA*o*rrf/iot? 
muovr* lOpavov ndvra jrcirtrr/pi? ardkov. 
And they smashed all tho oar-fitted fleet, struck 1 

by tho brazen beaks of their own [ships]. . .P. 78 L 17 

422-3. olfiwytj d 9 6pov 

Kavxfifiaaiv .... 
And the doleful cries [of one party] with tho 

boastings [of the other]. 3 78 28 

485. [Although II. has retained in tho text IvOa drj 
nXdaroi Odvov y yet in tho Notes ho prefers 
IvOa dij irkdarov oivig, or something similar.] 80 1G 

517. J> Zev PaviXev, vvv yap TIrpo&v 

O king Zeus! for now of tho Persians 3 81 24 

532-3. nokXal <T uraXul^ #f/wrt — 
fidiai yovddef — 
Many grandmothers with their fccblo hands 1 ... 81 27 

540. yooif dtcoptOTOtf. 

With insatiable mannings. 5 81 31 

575. yvaTTTofievot norl dt'rp, 

Lacerated by the whirlpool 6 \ . . . 82 1G 

653. ddiov olov ilvaKra bapelov. 

King Darius, alone terrible to his enemies. 7 .... 84 2 



1 So H., by taking iratovra in an intransitive sense, which it never has ; 
for in Prom. 887, tho correct reading is nraiovo' — 

* H. alters KUKvpaotv into Kavxwvotv, and refers to tho Homeric 
olpuytj re teal ei»^w//) neXrv uvdfxjv 'O'a'/.vvtuv re nai QXXvfiivuv. 

* H. inserts yup after vvv, to complete the verse. 

* So H. elicits fiaiat yovuArf from pay\'d % furnished hy MS. Vit. t and 
corrects draXatc into o/iaP.o/f in the Notes ; for araAa/f is retained in tho 
text 

* H. reads uKopraroi^ for uKoproTOTurotc, that the verses, in which Ju- 
piter, the wives, and the mothers, and the Chorus itself, arc spoken of, 
may end with a paraemiac. 

* Instead of <T u/.l Anv$, H. reads here 61 6ivp (to which he was led by 
finding detvu d* uXl in one MS.), and in tho strophe irpurdfioipot, furnished 
as a var. loct. by one MS. likewise. 

T So H. renders his own text, where he has altered Aapctov into duiov. 
But how duiov could mean not " hostile/' but " terrible to foes/' he has 
not explained. 



THEFBUIAM& 17$ 




658. ind trrparbv cv riV Mixta. 

Since ho then lod the amy wooomMDj on to 
way.* P84 L* 

G68. 6e<rrrora dem&rov. 

Lord of a lord— » 84 6 

670-1. vtoXaia yip J}6tl 
Kara yaf tXukcv* 
For the young folks hare just now perished bo* 
ncath the earth, 3 84 IS 

676-81. rt rfde dwdara, dwdorm, 
Trepii rh 06 dt&vpa 
oV dvoiav ifiaprlft 
irdoa yp Tf*o\ 

vae?, dvaf f vae$ ; 
Why, O king, king, from a double error through 
a want of thought relating to thy affairs, havo 
there perished for this whole land the ships 
with three benches of oars, that are no ships T 4 84 16 

684. [Although II. lias retained thin verse in tho text, 
yet in tho Notes he eonecivrs that either a 
verse has been lost, or that this one is to bo in- 
serted after Gt)4, where he pro{>oscs to ready Tf 
d//, ri Repeat?, in lieu of Ti 6 f iarl lUpoaig.'] 85 9 

1 H. in tho text alien tKc&jxei into cv to0* Mukci. But in tho 
Notes he prefers rv InoAoxei, suggested by Tanaq. Fabcr. in Epiatol. I. 
07, p. 223, who refers to Pollux I. 08, tar* 'Avrtfuvra 6 irooagdy t) 
fiu/.Aov Kar' //J* 6 nwhiyuv ; to which H. otitis Brkkcr'a Anccdot. Give. 
1. p. 207, UofWr/t' - to ry naM KVfUprQv. Out in that case the vers* of 
the strophe, says H., must be altered. 

3 So H. in the text ; hut in the Notes ho prefers Dindorfa dfomra 
Araxoruv ; for in this expression the second word must bo in tho genithre 
plural, as shown by 'Ava£ uvuktuv in Suppl. 619. 

9 So H., with Blomf, from one MS., in lieu of kht& waff*— 

* Such is tho English of the Latin version given by H. of his own text ; 
where he has altered rude Award Award irtpl rp op oVv/m Sidyoiev 
tiftupria rtdoa >(J a$ ryde IZeQOivtf at into rgde dvvuora, dvvuora, treat 
rii ou AtAvfia oV uvoiav ufiaprta iruoa y? rprt It-fyUvrui, with the aid 
of nc()1 rii aa in MS. Lips., didvotcv in Aid. (from which Blomf. elicited 
oV uvoiav), and of <P upapria in MSS. Par. and Aid., and by omitting of 
with three MSS. mm ^ 

M2 



274 APPQCXMX 



ii 



703. npftAryw AufXaera stiAofOty. 

By prodaiming things to friends tad to be 

told. 1 P. 85 L 18 

731* [Although IL retains npoc T*# «C Zotfow, in 
the text, yet in tho Notes be doubts whothcr 
JEedijrlus did not write *0$re Xovoidwv. He 
should have suggested rather lipocrdra^ 2av- 
aS^/idk* dorv n&v, tevavdpov dv, ortvet, u e. 
m the whole dty of Susa, being devoid of men, 
kssents greatly for those who stood in defense 
of it." For ftdk* aorv ndv Kevai*6pov 6v 
might easily have been corrupted into \ih> 
Jhnp nav sevapdpiav.] 86 22 

738. [Although IL has retained in tho text ocowoOai 
rjjvdi, tovt' irfiTvpov, yet in tho Notes he 
suspects the author wrote oeoijoOai * rovrd 
Y tor* trfirvpov ;] 8C 35 

793. f iij TroAvf nkovrov novo^ 

Lest my groat labor in getting wealth 3 87 18 

761-0. olov ovdenu 

rdd 9 dtrrv lovawv efrpijfUjMev ireoo$. t 
Such a falling as never yet mado a desert of this 

city of Susa. 3 87 28 

767. fThe votso commonly read here, II. places after 

776.] 87 83 

772. Oebf yap ova tJxPlpn'i <"? «typwv fyv. 

For a god did not hnto [him], as it was proper 

not to hate the prudent. 1 88 2 

1 So H., by altering At£af into npoteyuv, for the take of tho sense ami 
metre. 

• So H. retains *woc found in all the MSS. instead of iropof in Aid. 
adopted by Porson and Din«lorf. 

• H. baa altered fttttrrcxtrv ireoov into itrprjfioarv irioof. But frr'rrof 
is not a Greek word, as stated on v. 308, n. 2 ; and if it were, fitftfjfiuHjrv 
could not be admitted here without the augment, which, if added, would 
Introduce a spondee into the fourth foot of a scnarian. 

• So H. paraphrases the Greek. But the question is not whether it 
was proper for a god to hate, but what kind of person was the person al- 
faded to. Hence it is evident that the poet wrote fa6V*v, 6v ffufpuv lfv t 
where sV is pot by attraction lor Ueivov, 6f— not wr evfpuv if v. 




THE PERSIANS. S7I 

Uata I ■*■■■■ ** 

77ft. [Tho word Mdpdofi which Butganioi wm tho 
first to oiler into Miptfff. it retained by H. | 
who »ys that no rawon can bo ■wgned 
why the peraon called by other writers Hip- 
Ay, should not ban been called Mdjpdoc by 
Jbchjrhn.] P.88 LI 

776. [After this verso II. hoi inserted, as Sicbelit sug- 

gevted, what is commonly found oflcr 707 . . 87 $8 

4>oet'e f yap avrov thfjor oUucampi+ow, 
to show more plainly ilia etymology remarked 
by the Scholiast, b '\pTa$pr.vTK,Q» friaioAtf- 
yn 6 apriw; eruv tywva$ : from whence too 
II. hits given 'Aproippewjr.] 

779. [After tlii» verso H. conceives with Sicbclis that 
tome olliers nrc wauling, in wliicli iho nomas* 
of the live oilier conspirators were introduced ; 
and i lint one of the iiiin>ing words is trruivXof, 
found iu u fragment of tlic l'crinthin of Mo- 
nander, miotod by this Scholiast on Ilcrmogo- 
ncis in Wulz's Hhetorc* Gneci, torn, v., p. 480, 
and applied, as 1 1. fancies, to Smordu.] .... 88 6 

783. eitof u» frtti ftw.-w, 

lleing dumb, has dumb thought*, 1 -.88 

80C. [II. Iinfl marked after lliiw versa tlio Ion of BO- 
olher, in which he conceives tho noma of 
Xerxes was introduced.] 

815-10. — Koviihfu kuk&v 

k/jijtt!c uTfflTir, <i/.A' £t' lufuuevrrat. 
And not us yet is tlicrc of evils a foundation, but 

it is Mill being sought after. 3 89 10 

831-2. wpop Tavr' iktlvov m.nf>porr7v KrxfttgUvtH, 

'Wherefore do ye, dcnirous for liim to bo wise,' 89 24 

1 H. han adopted Mcinrkc** twbt uv htH Qpavtl in lieu of vcor up W* 
Anevri in MSS. Dill tnbf u " dumb," nol " Mtunid," m lho«o nchoUiii 
imagined. .linchj'lui wrote, viof if uv »«' afponi, Oi fiytifiaimiti rftr; 

' Such is Iho version of tho Icil of H-, who hu •llen.il Uiri6tvtrai . 

' So H. render* au^poveiv nrxpifiivoi, by Inking Ktxpmtrw in tha SSBSO 

of ^pysiivrcci » tWtiag which that word does not bow eUowben. 



276 APPENDIX. 

Um to BefefM* • U 

©. TmC TmmUUm. 

836. ndvra yip 

For in all respects 1 P. 89 L 29 

849. [Although II. lias retained drqUav ye in tho 
text, yet in tho Notes he would read drqitav 
rijv iratd&ft to meet apparently tho objection 
started by Foley.] 90 G 

853. tmavTid^nv irai&l impao&iteOa 

Let us endeavor to meet [our] son — 2 90 8 

858-9. nputra [itv evdoKifiov^ orpanag dne~ 
ffMivofieO* 
First we exhibited our armaments in good re- 
pute— 3 90 15 

859. ol 6i vofitofiaTa nvpyiva navr' enevOvvov — 
And those who made straight all the towcr-liko 

institutions — l 90 16 

860. [II. has marked the loss of a dactyl, which ho 

says Schwcncko has not badly supplied by 
proposing cv<ppova$ — ] 90 18 

868. dpx^vai 

And arc under rule — 3 90 24 

881. [In lieu of iKpirwc, which II. onco wished to 

expunge entirely, ho has now given Inparei.^ 99 29 

884. — OenrpeTTa rad' dfKptpoftEV — 

Wc refer these to the gods, who have turned 

them— 6 91 6 



1 So H. render* ira'vra, which he retains against Canter's rcavrl, 
adopted by Schutz and some other editors. 

1 So H. reads in lieu of tfi$ natti rrctptifro/un in some MSS., or iratdl 
lft$ netpdijofiat in others, to avoid the eliiuon in naifil ifiy. 

9 H. adopts Wellauer's cvtiotiifMVf trrparitic in lieu of ebdoKifiov 
orpartuf, which is without syntax. 

• Such is the literal version of the text of H., who has altered i)di 
vopifia rA into m M vo/tittftaru — 

• H. adopts Blomficld's ipxofievai for tvxo/icvai in some MSS., or 
aixofuvai in others. 

• So H. renders his own text, where Ororprirra is due to two MSS. 
But how such a meaning can be elicited from these words, I can not 
understand 





















TUB I'lillSiANS. 


277 


'■*■"* K£__ 


■21? 


393. pi. Inw marked this loss of notiiu words here, 

wliicli iw oonraivi'd ini^ht lK'Mi]i|ittL-ttt>y rend- 
ing Til( d/iQipuTOtx i) itrfU vi)fii)VQ viji^ra- 
rpoipovf <]~,Y,,.,f, r . i. e. " wliicli linvo boon 
lost about tin- twin mLi flowed around, the nour- 
iskun of cockle*," or " whore lfflM* 
Tnr/KJ^uur liiw lienn , iiy Alhctianis, 
who, in III. p. HH, n_ -■ ml very word 


)23. ihuTiaOea fli'/Jwi' akirtmit 

Honoring the weight [of «^_ om sufferings 


2 


J37. pvxfa* TrAiVa KrpGtiiitrof 

After laying mate the lint surfneo of bays' . ... 92 


7 


039. Triivr' lunei-Oov, 


8 


J38-9. 1T1.0E/LoD 


IS 


Ofivavrtif hr' ri*.T«r; 


(16. ri!6e o' inavt^Afutv. 

These matters tiuvo I nuked of tlioo in addition.* 92 


20 


954. [After this vcrrc II. wn the first lo no lira Ilia 

loss of another, M shown by the niitistrophi;.] 92 


27 


(60. Jvyya jtoi 

Thou dos 

friends." 


dijr' ayaOhiv iritpt.iv v~OfKi't<f. 
cxcilo iii mo u desiro for bravo 


30 




' H, hiit nltowt 

bilnl to uliow tlinl 

• So H. by readl 

1 H Uko. /twit 

wrrflrnftu rlwwlic 


'■■.lunllj' rrf.?;,"ji' inlo ti(ji'irnfl,'n nr.Jur ; 1ml hp lliu 
fatiraAfc either i« or could Iw n Grcrk word. 

g fftXUW for ivxlar. 

fan in a pi»ivc nctite. But mich in not llio urtmo of 

far in llio tcnto of rvwyfi'Bf, But OiU-nv in o[. 



* H adopU WellMWr** Ttftl* o 1 hmvui^a* in linn of ftmrfr sj ii i 

•noip MSB., anJ of irnwu<n««rp. in MS, J'ar. 

1 For the n.ilio of the metro H. lint impli-u; in tho teit; but in 
Notei ho «uggcst« irtytipttf in lion of iiref«/wfO«if. 



278 APPENDIX. 

UmSI R«f«NM«t« 

Q.Tni, TfMaUtk* 

971-2. trwpov, tratfw ovtc diufi OKijv<uf 
TpoxTj^droiaiv frmOev tndfievoi. 
I urn astonished: I am astonished: they arc 
not about the wheel-driven tents following 
behind.* P. 93 1. 1 

973. (kpaoi yhp Toinep dicpu>T<u orparov ' 

They are gone, who were the tip-top of the 

army. 3 93 3 

976, 7, 8. to, to <W/iorrc cT ! 

lOtvr 9 dekTTov Katcdv. } 

ndyKoitov olov dtdpaicev dra. 
Woe, woe ! the deities have inflicted an unex- 
pected ill. How great an ill has Ate doncl 3 93 4 

978. [Although II. has retained in the text oV al&vof 
Tv#o«,yct as MS. Med. oilers daifiovo^ Tv^ai, 
as a var. lect., he conceived, as Dindorf did, 
that in Aaffiovof lies hid ih(iifiovf$ t Ho docs 
not, however, reject oV atorof, but merely 
changes uypiiTui in tho strophe to djcowra*.] 93 7 

1001. Kal nteov, nkiov fitv ovv 

And more, more indeed — * 93 30 

1014. olfioi, fidka rot rod* dkyu 

Woe's mo ! greatly am I in pain for this. 6 .... 94 5 

1021—2. HE. fidpayva cP dfifie.fii^erai • 
XO. oijioi, OToruEOoa nkayd. 
XER. And the scourge will be mixed. 
CIIO. Alasl the moaning blow. 94 11 



1 H. has adopted Wcllaucr's interpretation, and rejects Valckcnacr's 
IraQtv put for irutj>rjfrav. 

• So H. alters uKporai, piven a« a var. leet. in MS. Med., into uKptJrai, 
a word not elsewhere found in Attic (Jrcck. 

• So H. aitem fW/ioj-ff [Oct* uv/.tttov kukov Aianpr7rov olov Aio'opKCv 

&ra into datfiovef 6' iOrvr* iruynnKov dtdjKiKCv — where dltSpaKrv 

U duo, as ho should have said, to liothc. But how diaxptnov could im 
the pi. for mr/KaKov, we arc not informed. 

• H. has changed Kal ir)uov r) nazal into Kal tt)Uov, k).£ov. Ho 
ihould have suppested rather Kal ir/.tov t/ Tamil fi6?.c (for fxiv ovv aro 
4uitc useless), and in the strophu roYrfc <P tiittToAcyfiova. 

• So H. reads in lieu of ol fui?.a Kal rod* u/.}u. 

9 Such is tho literal version of the text of H., who has altered fxeXaiva 
into juipayva, referring to Cho. 370, fiapuyvtft dovnof Uveirai. But 



THEPEMIAN5. 260 



O.TNL 

101-3. fo rte . . . # 

fvydv 

To secretly escape— 1 P. 72 L) 

111-12. niawoi Xenroddpoif ircftr- 

fUUJl— 

Trusting to slightly-built cables 1 79 8 

116, 17, 18. IltpaiKov OTparevuaTOS 

rotkfe fit) rriXif irvOtgroi tivavdp* 
ov fiey* (Unv XovoMof 
Lot not tko state hear tliat tlio city of Sardis bts 
becomo widowed by tliis Fenian amy,*. ♦ . . 72 11 

110-124. teal rb Ktamov noXiafi 9 
vvridovnov laoerai, 

tovt' t-Ttog ywaiKbnkrfi- 

ffc ofukog arrvwv, Pvooivotf <P 

iv Tthrkoi$ m:oxt kaicif. 
And lest tho citadel of the Cissians shall bo noisy 
in return, Alas! a crowd filled by women, 
bawling out this word — and pest] a tearing 
shall fall upon the dresses of byssus. 4 70 18 

151. rporrirvw, npomrvu), 

I fall down ; I full down — b ~. 

164. ravra fioi SittXtj (ufHfiva (ppnarbg iv ffeperriv 
On these points a double care in my thoughts is 

to be spoken of — ° 71 10 

1 H. altera vxip—$vytlv into viriK—fvytlv, to suit forecopapotfa in tho 
Schol. 

' So H. understands XcirrMfioi^ as if it were simply Aurrotf, not 
aware that /Eschylus probably wrote Aeirrorviwf, by tho usual corruption 
of r into d, first noticed by Porson on Hcc. 788. 

3 So H. renders this passage to prevent tho confusion arising from 
irofoc and uarv. But tho Persian empire was never called woXtf, nor 
could rovAe be said of an army distant from home. 

* Such is the English of Hermann's Latin version of his own text; 
where he has v with Palcy, retained the unintelligible laaerui thus placed 
between irvOtfrai and nenrj ; while yviaiKonXrjOfc fyiiAcf is considered by 
both critics as put in apposition with noXtopa. 

* H. repeats rrpo^irvu. 

* H. alters piptfiv' u+paoros into pfniuva fpaordf, and explains £MOT*f 
by "certa,** a meaning that word could not bear. 






7. c 

Ti 

10-1 ;. 



t— ■-#— r 



v ' ~ -. ;.*.—! 



• 

For « *"*nnt;-- ,T< * ^ik u t.™; 

v-.ii Uf. luxirt. u 1. 



k * 



14. ti h/t 



Carried iJtir i*s±* v. "— « —' 



1 Such it lAe 7* m .z « ' r * -""■' 
&rav trt'i>rwniT. <..-•■>'.-; -» --« »..r-. 
u*puhout: f>r y *>■*:• *»m «■.-» » . 
not known, &tf rJv *vi»* .• l^u ..■-■•- 
of a Mcnlrnre iu <ira.?h*i^ ' -•- .. ^ 
fincuih " other* ." i»-*_ ..' r -.. 
A«c plainly provrt ax-. i.~ ; .• - ,.— 
•hown by the c« pre •«..—. .-. ~ v t 
que ofoilus.'* Tim *#•*? .« -»- ■_ . • ■- " 

1 Such is the Enz.i.-* -/ r.— ::*.- * 
confeswa that cpar«;»> m^.-,. g^, ^-, 
ciacit." 

1 H. altera / M £r into -? Ji. v: -% . 
by Kocn. on Gmcor Cor.--.- ; M • 
M» generally meant •• iw*w tsa ' " 

* So H. understand* •*->»- *- ■» _>.- 
united to dpuydir without i*c p 



• . 



,j 



^.i 



• e • _. j 



" ■ *-i 



THE AGAMEMNON. 281 

I. too in R»f«r**f« t# 

U.Tnl. Tf— ■hit— ■ 

57. [Although II. has altered nothing in tho text, 
yet in the Note* ho conceive* that A hemistich 
has been lout after yoov 6£t;/joav, to this ef- 
fect : " is greatly enraged ;*' in Greek, fdya 
OvftovTOiJ] P. 07 L15 

G9. pi. rejects with Paley, avre daxpvwv, and under- 
stand* by dnvptov lepuv u sacrifices, wliicli, as 
licing without fire, are of no effect ;" on inter- 
pretation it would be difficult to support ; and 
ho says, with llnnibcrgcr, tlint there is an al- 
lusion to tho sacrifice of Ipliigcnin, whieh the 
poet calls Ovalav ddcurov in v. 140.] 08 5 

101-2. dyava fpatvovi? 

'Kkxlf .... 
Hope showing itself mildly 1 00 1 

105. dv&p&v ivrekeuv 

Of men in power 3 00 4 

106-7. T\n0i> 

dktcfi ovp<fnrrof aicjv. 
Persuasion, time-born with strength. 9 00 5 

110. ivv 6opt TTpnKTOpi noii'af 

With the avenging Fpcar of punishment* -. 00 

114. irafiTrpeTTTaif iv Mfxuaiv 

In their very conspicuous seats- 5 90 12 

1 H. with Pn Icy takes Qaivottt in an intrantritivc venue, referring to 
Etirip. VA. 12J3, 'A /.A' ntAe dofmv virfp uKfrnruruv Qaivovoi Tivtf dai- 
ftturr y OcCv. Hut there it in cany to read ifaivnvai yrvor dai/uwof, 
while here it would l>c equally cany to read with Pauw, favOela*, were 
it not that Jacob* had already restored tho very word of iEschylus, 

* So IT. with A u ratim for lKTe?.fov— 

3 Such in the literal version of tho text of H. t who reads uXk$ for «U«<}y. 
But what those word* can posnibly mean, I can not discover, even if wt 
take tl).K#, an H. docs, in the sense of •• strength in wor. M 

* H. reads -xoivtic for rifrfff, and rejects nal jrnf, which every one else 
had adopted from Aria to ph. Bnrp. 1289, where this passage is quoted ae- 
cording to Aristophanes the Scholiast. 

* H. applies t^miaiv not to the " scats*' of tho Atridn, but to thoee 
of the birds, and refers rather appositely to tho verses of Ennius : "Codunt 
dc coclo ter quattuor corpora sancU Avium prepctibus scsc pulch ri s q nsj 
loci* dant." 



282 APPENDIX 

Umlm 
O.TML , 

118. [Alllioudi II. has retained in the text }.ignam 
AtfTtrovc, when* lie explain* Awtioic by ••dif- 
fering/* a iimuiin;! whirli thitl won I inter 
lienr*, vtrt in the Note* Ik* rtvm." to pn-fcr 
I^obccV* conjecture /.t/nafft rri/rraif , similar 
to ki'tfiari Trumrif, in I 'era. 50.] P. 09 L l»i 

134-5. iraVra oe rnpyuv 
KTtjvfi TzpucOcra 
All the wealth of the towers brought to- 
gether 1 00 20 

135. OjfyucoAO'C *™ TEprrva, 

Joyous over the pretty cubs 2 100 .S 

136. tovtuv alrei tffifjo/ja Kpivai. 

81ie bogs to decide ujion the omen a of tl*c*e 

things 1 100 ■* 

137. 6r.$ia ft*v, KarafWfiOa At o*innnrt tub orpm OCiv. 
Favorable union I, hut MiWjcci to blame by tlic 

omen of tlie hjurruwa. 1 100 

141. vcijrew v tiktovo . tr/iOtTor. oifawr) vopa Outrfr . 
The framer of contest*, cognate, not Lufband- 

fcaring of a -man* 1 00 13 

158-60. ovd\ afrit rrdftoiOev r t v fiiyae, 
ov }.r}J$rrai Tfkv i»V. 
Nor shall he, who \v:l- fonru-riv *^rr ni~, l/c pro- 
nounced to have not U-ui Li-inrc 1 ' i 01 4 

1 H. adopts Pauw's ro^/To, rcndrririff *••!• *? " vn :»/.!i." r »,i •• '*•■..' 

• H. altera nifHKu/mm Trf,rr*u into o V »»•'/', "i Iri T';,t,u % ut.'» L*4'« 
rtpirvcl in the sense of "drii^liied. ' not "m. ..zt.'ir.? " 

a H. altera «/»<i-a< into K f Hiai. But »1j.»i t n £*./ic'J i#y the i.uraiior. »- 
is difficult to discover 

• Such m the lilcr.il vrr«inn of the tci» of H '«*:,', »*}» ■ '•.*.• .?■ ';.' w*' ' 
OTpovOuv, there in an alliivon to tiir o-tr.T on.« r.. i..» :i'..*#i ♦■. • J.' or. '• 
about the bird's nest destroy rd by a wrj^i.t , .■•* if ~f *r t..« '. ■ ■.«*//. ;*• 
lion of one aiicurv. ihrrc would i** n.rr' iv .*ir. »..,'„•. oti to . r iro :.«r 

• Such is the literal Trraion of t if ten of r i . v.':.'t j.-i* n *r- •: .'#*i fror. 
Conjecture dornr, to fill up tli* 1 Ur;.r.:*. wIimi he aavs w^ji .'.r«l ^/.n!/d 
iHit by I«achmann. mho t*i»l.r<l to rra'J n #,-«■. 

• Such is the Knzlish of the I^tin irr»,o;i jrjvrn :#y H of :.i« own t^it- 
where he has altered of «>•'»■ r< '/$-nt. f',.*r.-J in MS J-'arn 'for MS J^»*l 
baa of-oV* Xt§at). into ov >./>/£/toi Ij.jt h/ h^s r.r^i'rud U# si«»w tf**t 
J^Ar^rroi is used for a future passive as wtii as '/Ji'.rai. 



THE ACAMEMXON. 263 

177. [Alilion^li II. rcluins in llio text ^(w.^/»Woif, 
yet in tlm Notes lio |>rdt'ra mabAjxMf*I«& a 
•rani u*-.l l>y Opi>imi in ilattmt. V.8M.J 1'. 101 LIS 

llHi-7. fiiutvtav mtjdlt ■■rtukpiiymmi' 

Tff'Adf !T(IT(*i'»f»l C \"'J'"C (WfifllMf. 

IMWng ii Bwiotfli linn.U wiili MnmH from iho 

muruVr of Uid Awghlor now. 1 102 2 

100-200. , * J Y * ' i'T^~|tw 

How *1mll I Ui ilqirivisl of ships, wbilo miss- 
ing iw*k inlcn P 102 4 

302, 3, 1. mtvatii-t'ftov ylip Ovaias 
nyAwfov 0' oi/iii-of ot> 
* iip Mpf^pyuf t'rrrftiymi' tfr»(ir. 
For lie (IM pronhfil) urtyii Hint ii w lawful to 
ikaln vi-ry f-rviililj- u wucrilliv, wiiiil-Nliiying, 

niul u virgtti'a blunt, 1 102 5 

221. [To pfovont llm hirttu- in afoim flfcAA.', II, 

rood) gmw* d'ni' ''il'wA', ami nftn ipdtw 

liaf'if, not, a« I'uliy does, to tin! Unas for 

the body, but to that for liiu Iicwl.] 102 21 

228, S, 30. eircl Ttokkdius 

jrar/iof hut' di'dptiraf evT[>trxtZ<iv$ 
tyijfitw. 
Kiniv often liinl tiny Iwru niixcil toBatlMr' in 
tlic njiiii'lnii'iilM, wi'H t'ui'iiisliiHl wiili InblcH, 
of licr father. ' 103 1 

1 So H. renin in lien otptiiiffitr inr|i,»i .1"'^ tlu/ntv t,').ar. and n*. 
*'rln llwt liu/iiw ruiw from unv interjirrier ; wliil.\ lo c.jualiio the meas- 
ure, lio In. (jivrn *A/i)ui-f f..r ' Apf cive in llin «tropl»i. 

' .So H. liy Wkinjt J-iiroYm? in » ]onivo m'iii«i Hut tlic compounila 
nfJ.n'TU are not tliui lined clucvilicre. -Still ii'« could ivfi/iaxiaf "f-op- 
tw.', " fiilin; iii .-illianec," In; ri'uilc'r.'J " iiiihHiur; my bmmimml" 

' Such ii the literal vcrtion of tlic text uf II., wlm lia. a.lnjileil o£tfp\ 
fuund in MS. Kirn, with tlio SehoL Mjti ° ^urnf, and ill Meil. likcwiao [ 
where H. re.idii Apyf • ry rnorryi* fp' aidii" i) /virrtc ityJ.nyiri, uj lien 
of ry tjwjt^i ;.;,) mVii (1 ,iuir/c iti'/.oniri. Hut linw u /juVrif could b 
here umlcritood, wc are not informed. 

* H. altera i/u'Cr into t/it\Uti'. !o which he ■u.-ruin to have been ]c 
hv finding (>t>.flrvin MSS.O.and Aid. For. na he, in the lime of ih 
Trojan war, young lailie* di'i not annuo lliuir failicrs' ijugnU Ity •ingin 
and playing alter dinner vraa over, 



284 




£ I PUL 



23d. rH.*r» 



239. 









-* «* 



240. 



For I: •-.•'. «•=•-.. v.. •-»:-..■ 

l^*. "-C Hi'.-'- I*.*.*:*'* • "» " 



Ituiml r.JT "C" rri. •- i.'.n .•.-*.. - 

But t:y>*r^ »'wi «-'» til .-i* - -^ •■.-•; - 
of v>< */■..*; *.• i •» .. ;•• .•■ . *■ ....'■■- 

mon'.T *t«- -"•"■■ "- '•" ^ 

noc-ii:.;. H •!;• •■■ •■ • -*-■* ■ ■ , - * 
with »r. 7-j r^-*# .,.'-. .. - b 

ca«c. livre » ^. .: "■» *■*•**' . • »».:...■; . . * 

icqu.re no rr*»= ivi*" - * ••. 

bi:a*ci£. in t;.c ; w*. ■.<:' * ■ - r : - : . 

utroi> in t*o. I;.: %4 - .<•-* ■« -n •;.„■•.• 

we must sti.i m\ji i'jt irt-r • -^ ■*■ ,- .- -t .. » ^ 

co here d ; {m.i±f*iz m * Z*~tw' * ••••;.»■■ » -. » ,•• # 

h« ha« not tbewn »sy « r»*i» i.ij-.i. •■. -.* •».,' .. . .-.+...- * . „ 



•» -■ 



TH£ AGAMEMNON. 285 

Lin* ill JUf( 

U. i«ii. 

ho says that ono might read tv 7rpa|if, *> that 
tt> might bo referred to nikoiro. But ev- 
7Tpa$i$, he adils, is defended in Steph. Thes. 

Gnec. eel. Paris., in EvOtpdnevrogJ] P. 108 LO 

240, 1,2. rod' ay xwrov 'Arriuf i>$ OeXei 
yaiag pov(*f>povpov PpKO$. 
As desires this sole-guarding defense just at 

hand of the Apian land. 1 108 10 

24G. [Although II. has adopted in the text el rt 
Nnhbi; from the conjecture of Auratus, yot 
in the Notes he says that tire, found in the 
MSS., may be defended.] 103 15 

201. d7rrrpo$ fpdrt^ 

An unfledged rumor- 104 8 

274. MaKt'fJTOV (jKarrio 

To the sentinel on Macistus^ 104 1G 

27G. rrapTjKn' dyyrkov p(po$. 

Sent on [its] share of tho messenger. 4 104 17 

289. [Although II. has adopted Heath's #ar/£«70ai 
in lieu of x a P^ Ea ^ al t > fC * nc nuM failed to 
' show that x aTi & a ai w ovcr found in tho 
passive voice.' 1 ] 104 29 

291-2. not lapcjviKov 

7Top()uov Karnrrrov rrpcjv 9 
The promontory conspicuous ovcr the Saronic 
gulf/' 104 32 

J l H. re for 8 rod' uyxiarov tyMof to Clytcmncstra, as Schuti bad dona 

l° n ff n £o- 

1 H. understands by urrrpor, "immature — M 

3 H. reads oKonto for OKo-uc in MiSS., and onoiraic in Turneb. For 
the following (', rofrrH to a person, nut to a mountain. 

4 JSo H , with Palcy. interprets xQfri/ncv. But as iraptivai never has 
that meaning, it is evident that /Eschylua wrote something else, which it 
would not be difficult to discover. 

* In x a (>i< €fJ Q ai hes hid xpovlsfoOai^ what J. F. Martin has ingeniously 
detected, as 1 learn from Palcy's note in his recently published edition 
of this play, who might, however, have completed the restoration by read- 
ing *Ut(ivv % uOpoiaubi' /it) xpw'is* ^ai ^ipofi " urged the gathoring of tbe 
fire to bo not delayed," in lieu of 'ilrpvve 0f<jjudv— 

• Such is the version of H. Palcy more closely, " the promontory thai 
looks down upon tho Saronic frith." 



286 APPENDIX. 



o. 



293. eoV ea*t/V>ev, nrr 9 d4tUrr f -— 

Until it rushed down like a thunderbolt, when 

it arrived 1 P. 104 L83 

313. mu&cf rexovrwv 

And children [around] the parents! who begat 

them* 105 10 

321. [Although IL has in the text w? dkrjftovec f 
"like vagrants," jet in the Notes he prefers 
w? <F ddeipovef, "like persons without fear," 
confessing, however, that he has never met 
with that word elsewhere ; and thus, too, aft- 
er remarking that Schtit/. lrnd correctly un- 
derstood wc dufoW/iowr in the sense of " un- 
fortunate beings who have nothing worth 
guarding," he lias given up his previous ux; 
oe oW/iorec, adopted by Dindorf.] 105 25 

326*7. ipw$ 61 fifj tic nporepov ifirriTrrq arparCi 
noOelv 

And let no desire (all previously upon the army 

to desire 3 105 29 

333. ratavra . .• . . . *Av«c. 

Such thou dost hear. 4 10G 2 

336. r£$p6i%>? \£yu$. 

Thou spcakest with good thoughts. 6 10G G 

349. rtivovra ndkat to£ov — 

By bending of old his bow — • 10G 1G 

354. hrpal;ai\ o>c ritpavev. 

They have done, as he has accomplished 7 . ... 100 10 

1 So H., in lieu of elr* /<r*?y»rv, etr* <l$Uern. Hut a* the flame had \tcvn 
rushing like a thunderbolt all along, it would hardly be dcscrilivd a* doing 
so now for the first time. 

• H. alters yepivruv into rrKovruv, and refer* to a fragment of Sopho- 
cles, in Etymol. M. p. 803, 6, Ufto^'/.Oe finrpt *al Qiru'/fjiv rrarpi. 

• H. retains noOeiv, adopted by Vict onus from MS. Fior. in lieu of 
xopOelv in two other MSS. 

• H. adopts Dobrce's rt.vtic, found subsequently in a MS., for K'/.voir. 

• H. retains evfpovuf in lieu of Ifipovuf, suggested by Stanley, whom 
Dindorf has followed. 

• H. retains rtivovra in lieu of rtivavra, suggested by Auratus, and 
adopted by Dindorf. 

v H. reads tnpafav tot {*po£i 



THE AGAMEMNON. 287 

Um * I taSSSSnT 

3S&-63. neipavrai 6* leyovoif 

drokfitjro^ "Apr/, 

nvtdvrwv fietfov ?} duutiu$, 

ifiXedvTuv dwfidTuv imcppev, 

onep rb (3ikriarov • Am* <T dtrijp 

avrov. 
It has appeared to tho descendants of those 
breathing intolerably a greater spirit of 
Mars, than is just, while honors are puffed 
up very much [with wealth] ; which thing 
is indeed tho best; but let it bo from 
crime. 1 P. 106 L22 

363-4. &$te KanupKdv, 

] ev TrpoTr/dwv AagriiTa. 
i So that a person having obtained by lot good 
. 'J sense may bo sufficient. 3 107 8 

j 369-70. piarai <T a rdkatva mtOS} % 
,'-, TrpoPovMrraif d<f>f.pTog draf. 

, Bold persuasion, tho forccounscling and in* 

I . tolerable child of crirac, forces [a person 

1 on]. 3 107 6 

I . 

■ 

! ' So H. renders his present text, which differ* from what he had 

* suggested at tho end of Humboldt's German version. The Greek is 
J iri^avrai 6' /kjwo/c uro//tt}rug — o>cy>, in other rc*i>ccts like tho com* 
\ mon text. But an he refers ni^avrai to tho vengeance of Jupiter, of 
' which nothing had heen said in the previous paragraph; and as ho trail** 
} Kiteii uro)/tT}ruf t •• intolerably," o meaning which that word never bran; 
' and as he renders Qleovruv Au/uiruv, " aflhicntc opibus domo," whero 
there is nothing in tho Greek to answer to " opibus/* to which dwep, 
in the next sentence, is to Iks referred ; and, lastly, as ho translates &wif» 
//ai'roy, •• Nine criininc," not as it means elsewhere, " sine noxa," it can 
not he said that he has thrown any new light on this obscure passage, 
especially as he has not shown why there should he any allusion to the 
children of persons of haughty bearing and puffed up with wealth, in- 
stead of those who denied that tho gods take any care of the impious 
r j acts of mortals. 

I . ' Such, I presume, is the intended version of the words of the text, el* 

f 1 though H. has separated urrc mlirafuctiv by a comma from Aa^ovra. 
* ' ' So H. renders a passage which, he says, has been misunderstood by 

many. But many will, jwrhaps, say that they can not even now under- 
stand it a bit better than they did before. 



s 



wm 



I.B Ml* ™^^^^^^^^^^^^W^Wi I ... r»7 



WW. — ——•itim&tok 

WptKU H *)**? oUPsAs^aWf/t OTMBf 
EWMWlrf, b* It COM 

fight.' I P. 107 L8 

375. fuJUpm% «£Aa* 
Awwwr * 
Ii black, whan tested far its Tab*.* 107 9 

994-4. iroyeem oiy»r mripovc iXotdtpavf 

One may m alienee without honor, without 
abuee finoot thoat who have been drarrlfri 

r.» 107 28 



398-0. cvft6p+*n> & koXooo&w 

The beauty of weU-fimed column* it hated by 
the hatband.* 108 

404-6. uorav yap, evr 9 S» ieOXd rtf 6<m&r opcr, 

Qtfkuuv onfcc ov fuOvtrrepov — 
For when a person fancies he sees pleasant 
things, Yainly does the image depart by slip- 
ping through his hands, not afterward to re- 
turn.* 108 



1 So H. translate* fiteraDy the text. Dot he does not state, what ho 
■right have done, that as by " mischief" is meant the acta of Paris ; and ai 
Pane stole Helen away, the poet probably wrote 0up. aivo/.a/j*if ttivtq. 

• So H. renders literally the teit ; where it is strange he did not adojrt 
BlomfiekTs certain correction, jr/prow for x a/ *w- 

' 80 H. translates the present teit, different from what he had sug- 
gested in his book on Metres, p. 432, and in his Notes to HumUiUU's 
German translation ; and he says that Orelli on Isocrat. p. 370, and Ta- 
lei in Programra. Tubing., 1828, have vainly dieted new readings from 
•etydr dri/ior dAoidopor udtoror ufe/irvov. 

4 By Kohfoouv H. understands the oillars of the house, and even the 
statues, but not of Helen But why Alenelaus should loathe any statura. 
except those that brought to his recollection bis wife, who had cloi>ed 
with Paris, H. has not eipJained. 

* Such is the version given by H., who savs that iulrav is to be united 
to ptjajtrv, not aware that by such a union the very opposite idea to what 
he intended would be conveyed ; unless fidrav bo taken in the sense of 
fair****, which it never ia nor could bo. 



THE AGAMEMNON. 

407. nrepovoa' bna&ova' vnvw KtXevOotf. 

With wuig*^ttemlingo« thouothaofsloep. 1 .!*. 108 L8 . 

408-0. r& /i*v, nar' elxovf ty' iartaq axil' 
t« o" ttn\ *ol tw«J" vwrpliaTurrpa. 
Soma pnhia are in tlio house by the hearth ( 

some too go oven boyofld these* 106 9 

41). [Although II. prefers TXi/oiKapJkof, yet ho con- 
femwe Hint TifitKtlftJtof (eup(j*l«l liy Aurn- 
lun, and continual by the pi. in MS. Faro. 
ti)» unpfiiav TiJKovon) would ho better suit- 
el to tlio sense Hut mi ToAn/0pwv, Ira 
adds, frequently means " wrctclted," to niv- 
Or.ia, " a sorrowing," might bo cnlkd tAj;- 
mitdpfoof, which is o synonym for raXoi- 

«pwv.] 108 IS 

437. [Of two interpret nt ions, suggested by II., tlio 
following is preferred : " Tlio angry talk of 
the people pays tlio debt of a curse brought 

to an end by tlio people."] 100 7 

44S. [II., on remiii iii« oaaoiz, remarks that the poet 

has added that word to show that be ii ~ ' 
speaking of persons deprived of eyesight 

I mid of life. Hut how 6ooot$ can bo gov- 

! crncd by jiakM-at he has not shown ; 

mid still less what the low of eyesight has 
to do in the ease of persons who are ex- 
posed to danger from being spoken of too 

! highly.] 109 16 

; 456-7. el o" iriJTVito^ 

r(f eider, el rt Otlov iirrt fiij i/ivfor. 
But whether true, who knows 1 unless it be 

BOHio falsehood from u god. 3 100 SO 



1 In lieu of HTfpoJf oiraifofc vrhkh H. content* may be explained, ha 

bu |(iien irnpoL-m' i-aduio'. But nothing imdii la bo gained bj the 

1 H. adopt • Halm'« punctuation : T.l prv . . . &xv • Ti ? !«*— 
r ' H. odoptt frirvfutf ftom Auretiu, snd roadi, from hi* own oob- 
JKtun, (I ri for ) rot. 



290 APPENDIX. 

Un to lUfenac* u 

464-5. mOavbf dyav 6 0T\h^ opo$ imveperai 
raxvrropog. 
The female decree very credulous ranges with 

a quick movement, 1 1\ 100 L 24 

466. ywaiKoyi'ipvrov ,...«Aeo? 

A renown bruited by women. 3 100 25 

467. [H. continues these senarians to the Chorus, 

as Scaligcr was tho first to point out. But 
such a long speech is never put into the 
mouth of the Chorcgus. Moreover, a lino 
has been evidently lost here, which it would 
be easy to supply, spoken by Clytcmncs- 
tra.] 

470-1. elr' dt'eipdruv dUrjv 

repiTvbv t66* ikObv <p£>$ — 
Or this light coming after the manner of 

dreams to delight — 3 110 3 

474. <&£ ovr* dvavAof ovre rov Satuv <pkuya — 

That neither without a voice, nor lighting A 

flame by any thing 1 110 7 

489. rrapd iKtifuii^poi' yoO' — 

By Scatnandcr didst thou come 5 110 23 

400. vvv 6* avre omt^p \a0i Kal naiuviof 

But now in turn know thyself a savior and a 

healer. 6 110 2i 

1 So H. render* 6/>oc, which he refers to the decree, issued by Clvtnn* 
nostra, to make sacrifice* in the city for the foil of Troy. Dut an uj»>( 
never has such a moaning elsewhere, the true interpretation of the pas- 
•ape, if sound, and its correction, if not, is still to be discovered. 

• H. adopts, as Klausrn had done, yvvauoyrjpvTov, furnished by two 
MSS., in lieu of ywaiKonr}pvKTov. 

• So H. renders rrpm'&v — 

• H. reads ot'rf rov for otrr oal — 

• In lieu of t)/.0c{ H. reads yo0\ not yaP, as found in Marg. Auk., and 
refers to Elmsley in the Classical Journal, No. 17, p. 51. 

• H. adopts tat rratuvioc as suggested first by Anbbrid^c, a friend of 
Dobrce, not by Dobreo himself, to whom H. attributes the correction; 
which, ho remarks, is almost confirmed by Kal nayuvwr in MS. Flor. Ihit 
as loOi would require uv, it is evident that we must read ur re in lieu o\ 



THE AGAMEMNON. 291 



mm •> 

[Although II. lias retained in tho text rod 
6tKTj(fjupov f yet in the Notes lie prefers r§ 
ducrtfofH*).] 1\ 111 L2 

[lie re, too, II. retains a verse in the text, which 
Salzmann proposed to omit, us an interpola- 
tion from Ten*. 813; and so would I term, 
have done, had he not been unwilling to de- 
sert the authority of MSS. ; as if, in tho 
caso of corrections, tho authority of MSS. 
is not always deserted.] 1 1.1 8 

^As Porson had otalized avroxOovov, for ho 
knew, what some others do not, that tho com- 
pounds of \0mv retain tho terminations of tho 
simple noun in the oblique cases, II. refers to 
Lobeck in Paralipom. p. 202, where nothing, 
however, is to be found to gainsay tho no- 
tion of tho English scholar, who probably 
meant to read, a* I corrected in tho Church 
of England Quart, llcview, vol. vii. p. 97 : 
Atnrdi', \06v\ ufia narpwoi' tOtpiotv 66fiov t 
Himself and land and father's houso de- 
stroyed ; 

for three persons or things arc thus con- 
stantly united, as I proved there abundant- 
ly ; and to thu passages already quoted 1^ 
should have added Plato, I*egg. iv. p. 71C, • 
is. tuvrui' re hal viicov Kal tto/ui* «/k5//v 
dvdararov Irroiqae. Ovid, "Tc patriamquo 
domumquc Perdat ;" who doubtless remem- 
bered Uarpi tf. mo fitya T?///a nukrfi tf. ttov- 
ri re rf/y/iu, applied to Paris in IA. I\ 50, and 
similar expressions in IA. Z. 27G, "Aerrv re 
Kal T()<l)iov aAo\mr Kal in'iTTia tfkvo, : and 
283, Tpcool re kuI lipid pep iieyakijropi rdto 
re Ttaiaiv ; 448, or' uv rror' oAo'>Ag "IA/oc iptj > 
K(u Uptapoc K<u Ar/oc tvppFAiu) YipidpotoJ] 111 H 

As the word dpdprinv is not elsewhere found 
in correct Greek, II. has edited Oupapria, 
which, he says, is the contracted dual for 
tcj (ipnpTia, to be referred to apTCiiytjv and 
*r/-o?r//i\] Ill 13 



292 APPENDIX. 

517. JTo ovoid the lengthening of the pcnultima in 
TtQv&vat, wliicli never takes place in correct 

Greek, II. would rend: T. Ill L 15 

Xaipu re rtOvdvai 6' ovk eV dvnpu Oeoif , 

or, what ho deemed preferable, 
Xafpu • Otolot TtOvdvai if ovk dvrtpu]. 
523. woflev to drcifrwv rovr' eV^v orvyof QptvSiv ; 
From whence has arisen this ill feeling of hate 

in [your] miiulT 1 Ill 25 

534. ©TTttpnof iraprjju; 

lure nrrivnla — * 112 8 

534-9. " Ti d' ou 

vreVovrCf, ©u «r.Aaioi>Ter, j/ftaror, M^P°f 1 
In what ]iart of tho day were we not groaning 

[and] weeping? 3 112 9 

636. — _ ■-■■ rift Xapuviaf 

Of the meadowy land 1 112 13 

539-40. riiTfdov Gtrof 

iaOq/idruv rtOivref evOr/pov T/w^a. 
Causing tlio hair [of men] with wild animals in 

it [to be] a firm destruction of garments. 9 . . 112 14 
646-7. Trapoixerai tie rdtat (iiv TeOvquiioiv 

rb fi/pror' avOtf jitjo" draort/rat ftiXriv. 
And it has passed by for the dead [to complain] 

1 H., after Emper, lw« eoiivrrtnl or/wry into ftirfuc— • eonvcriion loo 
violent to be mliiitdril for n moment. 

* So H. unilcmtfliiilii with !4cluiti irn/i^frif. Bui tlwrc la not, ami thero 
Could not ho luch n won! a* niitniiif ; fur all woril» rotting in -jif an' ilc- 
liinl from tho 3il per*, iiing. of the perl", pant Mow an i,*u Huh no jwrf 
put*., there caul.] ho no Mich ilerivativo an r>ii(- H refer*, imlcril. <<) 
ijfif. fiirmnhcil by Aiitialtiei.l. lickkcr p U'J, M, in Kuriji. Tru illlfi. ]im 
the grammarian liul evidently a faulty MS., or nine he ■upjHMCil tliat i/ 
Mjif eould be contracted in iiif. 

* H. adopts Stanlcy'a ai> n).<iim>Ti( in lieu of ov J.HjfuiTYr- 

* H. adopla with lilomf. Schuti'a }.n/,ui-iu(. 

* Such is tho literal TCraion of the leil of H., who unites nOivrtt wilh 
tpoaoi, became the port, lie iay«. wm thinking of m/i.*,ioi. Dm, though 
u/iJpoi (showcri) fall from the sky, Ibry do not. like Jew, rUe from the 
earth. He applies, likewiac, tfujTi to the hair of the troops, referring 10 
Soph. Aj. 1307, where the Chorus apeak of thoir lying wilh their hail 
Wtt with dew near the lent af their leader. 




THE AGAMEMNON. £93 

sa ttssr 

and, even if it wcra conceded, to with to 

riao again. 1 P. 119 LIS 

655, 6, 7. Tpotav iX&tmf nVjiror' 'Apyrtuv <rr6Xof 

Otol$ kit/tupa rnvra tqJc niO' 'KAAifrJa * 

dSfiotS bitaoaaXcvaav dfixatov vavof. 

The expedition of tlio Arrives line, after taking 

at one time Troy, nailed up then ftpoib to 

tlio godn, who am in Greece, in tUcir tom- 

plcs a long-lusting honor. 1 lit 17 

558-9. rwavra XP*i xAvovraf tvkoyuv ir&Uv 
Kul rowf orparrffoi)^-— 
Such things it behooves a city on hearing to 

glorify both tlio leaden. 3 112 M 

5G3-4. du/ioi^ iU rnvra xai Ki.vraifivi'i<rrpn fUXuv 
eliib$ foiktitTa, Ovv Je nXov?t$eiv t/ii. 
Of these tliingft it is most reasonable for house* 
mid Clytciiiiicsirn to liavo n euro, and to en- 
rich mc wild them.' 118 84 

1 Si) H. would Till mil tlm rrtmr of the pajwagc, wliich, from ila brevity, 
lie rayn, in rather ulim-urr. But hail jUacirylu* meant k> to oxproea lunv 
•elf, liu would jiioluhly have wrilton •uuictliing to Uua cQbct.: 
Iltipofjrrni »> rnior aiv rdhi|«iimv 
TS /i^Tor', ri Otoi Arifi 1 , liivryvot Wltiu. 
In English, 

From the dead han pWd by n'en tho wiah to riao 
A^ain, should no ij.hIk grant. 
Inntriul •>( Til /ii/Tnr' ui'l'if /ii)if ili'anrifi-fli /11'iiiv. 

'■ Nurd in Hie iil.'ral and -runvly iiiti'lliuililn Terabit of th* lOlt of H., 
nlio takea both here ami on Suph. (Ed. C. IK1S, B/rratw 111 Hkj mom 
'■liiriji-hniiiij;." n uirmiinjj ilinl won! never brnm, nur could lira*. 

> Su H. unites «?.rato[ witli Riwtfv,lry a vunalutn of syntax. In which, 
he "»¥■. tlio pool wax penuiiird to indulge when he put words into too 
uiimin of n person in humble life ; mid lirncc, loo, ho aaarrta that, inroad 
of Tiv ii'.i, I lie periphrasis mil X'H"^ Ti/u/airtu Sidt ru'iP Ixicpufaam baa 

' These utterly unintelligible wards H. thus attempts to pipkin : " It 
brroinca Clytemnrstra to n amine moat ornirntely each of IheM matlere, 
anil at the name limp lo enrich mo will] them," i. r„ " to suffer me to lie • 
partaker in the narration." Hut a* ihc Chorus hail hoard already the 
■perch of llio Herald, there could be no reuon for their kidding Crytcoav 
neitra lo eiamino into the marten brought before her. and still tea* ta 
communicate the result of lirr rcsearrhca, for they were quite ai eotnpar 
lent at tho «u to draw a comet conclusion (ton "" 



204 APPENDIX. 

671. [Although II. linn altered nothing in llio text, 
yet in (lit.- Nob* lio Hill adhere* in tin- opin- 
ion proiiiidgnlid ninny yv:\r» *fp, ami ki Ihj 
fouii.1 in Opumil. 11. p. 81, that idler t'ttxit- 
vtyni* lnut (lru|>|H'(l oui a VOW, |lHHnid by 
tliu author of XfikMf Hth^M*, v, 75, 

littaOtlna rtji tptpovn QiontXov ttxlnv. 
For, tliougli il in trite, as remarked by lilom- 
licld, tlittl (JiaxcXoc ■* not to be found at pres- 
cnt in ilmiimtic Greek, yet, bm-s II., as it ie 
in tlio Homeric poem*, it might have been 
ndnptcd by yEseliylus, a lover of antiquated 
won!.*, iiiid taken in tin sense of something 
" wonderful" or " incredible."] 1*. 113 LIO 

£75. [II. remarks that the author of ,\ r ;i7. llavx- 
seems, in lieu of h'oi/iui'TEf to hnvo found 
^tpoi'TEf ; for bis verse is, 

Ovippdyov iprpuiaii r' tiivtiij iftXHya, 
but that, unices something ) tm bctn lost, bo 
should prefer M tl fcrM ft referring to llesyeh. 
in KotitToi, Kotuoaro, derived from Koiyg, 
explained by Upr.v^ Kiiftu'pijv, 6 KaOulptov 
MW' ai dk iru»)e: of wliieh nnotlier form 
is KoioAijc. Hut as be has fiiiled to product) 
a single passage where Kttiav is found in tlie 
active, the nliernlion may be dismissed as 
untenable, and Kivowrrg substituted in the 
plnec of kw/iwi'tfc, wbieb it is strange that 
■wither bo nor Cnwubon, who bod suggest- 
ed KaiovTtf, should have stumbled upon.]. . 113 15 

578-9. offitff 

vrievm-i 6f(ait0ai — 

But pet ma see] that I may hasten to receive 1 113 17 

.ATO-fts. i T( yup 

ywatKl tovtov oieyyo? ifltw Apaxtiv, 
dnb orpantaf dvApa ovoavrw; Oeav, 
rrvAac firoifnl . , , 
For what daylight is more agreeable for a wife 

1 H. unite* (iruf nxtvau Aif anOui. rr frrrinc, Tor the cllijito heron ifruc, 
to Ponon an Hec. 308. Dut tho doctrine then promulgated hit beeq 
kwg nacc disproved by competent critics. 



THE AUA11KMW0N. 80S 

11.1. tss sa 

to behold tluui thin, when, lifter a deity hai 
prewired licr hunUuid from An expedition, 

too|i«i tho gate— ' 1*. 113 Lit) 

681. [On itio wonla ivMftott rvpnt, whom tichlln 
wiggciitol tVJuf Evpijan, II. unya Hint Mot- 
tliini, in MmcoIL l'hilolog. II. p. 5-t, luu cor- 
rectly remarket! that the optativo it* required 
by tho "orntio obliiiua." Hut why llic "em- 
tio obliqna" should require word* rwriocllj 

unintelligible, wo nro nut in formed .J US S3 

589-00. ovk oida ripipiv oW titiipoyav fydriv 

dXJiov wpif dvJpAf fiaXXov If xaXxoti fJacWc, 

I hrtvo not known a pleasure nor the voice of 

blame from miothor man more than the stoin- 

in« of copper. 1 113 87 

591-2. [This dint inh, commonly attributed to tho 

Herald) U assigned by II, to C-lytcmncstrs.] 114 1 
593—1. avrij jiiv ovTuq nie pavQ&vavrt ndi 
Topototv rpfitivtvatv evw/»eTwf Kuyov. 
She has opoken thus n speech in a specious man- 
ner to you learning from clear interpreters. 1 114 6 

596-7. ei vwm/iof re 

ij&t avv iifuv— 
Whether will ho come both returning with 
you' 114 6 

1 .Such in the literal vcrwon of tho toil of H., which I confoM I can not 

■ H. aprilie* ralxnu jla&ic to Iho Maining of ulccl by blood. But oven 
if nil mention of blood could Iw omitic.l here, mill H. *hould h>*e shown 
how (],i« coinpariimi in mitcd to tho cuo of Clyicmncitm, and what, in 
fact. «hr meant to »ay. 

1 So H.. who lay* that the Chora* arc speaking ironically. But on a 
perinn who knew nothing of tho real fart*, thn irony would be lost. 
What tho (ciihd evidently require* ii something to this effect : 
Well lini olio tulil n t:ilu to time— limit mtlrll 
Learn thou — but strangely before thoio who could 
Act truly at interpreters. 
In Creek : 

Topofoi &' Ipfniviuatv Urpoiru; Xaynv — 
* So H., by taking il in tho KDM of " whether," and reading T» for ya, 
u Paley (who** name, bowovor, i> not mentioned) bad already edited. 



200 APPENDIX. 

UMfci ft«fem«to 

598-0. ©v* toO 9 5twc Xifaifu ra rpevdrj «aA& 

if rbv mkvv Qikoioi KaprrovaOat xpvvov. 
J% is not for mo to tell falsehoods as good 
things, in order that friends may be gratified 
for along time 1 1M14 1.8 

613. X °H^C $ rl l l 'l e & v 

The reward is apart from the gods. 3 115 2 

618. nokei pev tkxof iv to 6/jfitov ruxtiv — 

There is one sore to the state, namely, that tho 

masses meet with it J 115 4 

622. [Although II. retains in tho text SchiitzV ae- 
<jay\u.vov for owny/if rov, yet in tho Notes 
ho doubt* whether oioayiiiina ought not to 
be preferred.] 

625. 'A^flio?? ovk dfi/jvirov Orfiv 

Not without anger from the gods toward tho 

Aeha-iina. 1 115 13 

631. [Although II. has altered nothing in the text, 
yet in the Notes he would unite *Ev vvktI 
with the sentence preceding.] 

635. 77oifif:rof; KaKoarpufiov. 

The shepherd being with an evil whirlwind. 9 . 115 10 

1 So H. renders thin passage. Dut. in the first place, ovk ia0 % uxuc 
Xefctfti would not lie correct Greek without uv, as I have wliown on 
Prom. 29U ; nor, secondly, could rhv no'/.vv xi"' inv mean " a long time," 
for then the article would lie omitted ; nor, lastly, could xaprroioOai be 
found here without ucrr to govern it. 

■ So H. renders jw/Mf V T, f"/ "'«i\ which means, lie nays, that " prw- 
mium ace i pit malorum in re la*ta nuncius tale, cui non favrnt dii ;" word* 
which I have left in their original Latin, bccauHc I do not know what 
sense they were intended to convey. 

' So H. renders this pannage, but without showing how it licars upon 
what either precedes or follows. 

4 So H. reads, as first suggested by Blomf , and subsequently by Do- 
bree. and afterward bv Paley, in lieu of 'A\atuv fl/o/c — 

• So H., in lieu of tcat/iivac Hanoi* orpnfo. referring ruifth-n^ to the 
storm. Dut since, among the ancients, the shepherds led their flocks, 
instead of following them, as they do at present, a storm, that drives 
vessels before it, and doea not go before them, could not be called a 
•hepheid. 




THE AGAltKUNOX. ■ tffj 



640. $ '*W$°»™ 

Or took im away— 1 P. 116 L 88 

6-12. [Although II. has retained vavv Oihtva' la tho 
text, yet in (ha Note* he prefers vewrroAouff*, 
the conjecture of t'nsuubon.] 118 24 

643. wr /«/r' iv tipfibt svftarof idXrjV tx/uv, 

/ifjr' efoKtiKat rrpoc tparatXtuv jfiiva. 

So that tho ship umy neither in port meet 

with the swell of tho wnvo (wulo prevent 

n landing mid to cnuM it to be curried hack 

to ku), nor ho struck agninit tho hud and 

stony ground. 3 118 U 

651. »i/4«f if rsWiwr ravr' f\nv dofd^bftev. 

Wo think lliey have this fiitc 1 115 81 

655. vtMpAv rr. kui ilXhrovra 

In vigor luid ulivo' 110 8 

659. [Although II. retains wi'iS/io^fv in tho text, 
which he render* " ho bcjpm to name," yet 
in tho Notes ho prefers uvofia&v— ] 11C 8 

667. [II. retains itflporl^hiv in the text, although bo 
confesses in the Notes that (if JfWTVrjitJv, tho 
conjecture of .Stdiuusius, is very appropri- 
ate] 116 18 



' H. iriul* HgpQtiaTO innteail of ffjTfMre, ami Tefrra to V ..... 

Thrum. 7GU : T(V n/v <i><HT7rr/v irm'rln sou 'fvpgviro. But w (£*pe> 
earn ii nut a Greek ward, an uliown by I.ol<rrk on Pluyiiicbua, p. TIB, 
wo muil reject equally tlio alicralioni •u|y;caLe<i here by Html., and by 
Lobcck anil PrilMcho in Arixlapliuica, wlio evidently wrote- 'fvypnewre 
— t, i., " liaa made a cajiluro of— " 

' So H. interprets the teit. IluL a* there ii nolliinj; in Ibo Creek to 
anawer to tho word* between the luncn, wo mint adopt Uothe'* 'Ut/uft* 
&topitav, in lieu of "Ur /ii'/t' Iv lipfiu ; for thu« there will ho ■ proper dis- 
tinction between ihc open sea wilhout a port and a rork-cirt coast. 

' H. retain* nnV in liou of refr', correrily niceratnl by Stanley. 

' H. adopts the a), in Hcsycli., Xt.upor n *al ii/ rnovra. t'*nl roiQZrf, 
whirl) Tnup wished In refer to thia passage. But as Mcnelaus was M 
lonner jJ.ujior, a word applicable only to youth, H. hi* ir»n«lat*d it "in 
health" or " in vigor," but wan, of coune, unable to produce a single 
passage to support that noiel meaning- v 

N 2 




671-3. ur' f^vor TtAarav fyavrov 
Mtiaarrwv — 
In the track of those who brought their un- 

accn barks—' P. 116 L- 15 

681. [Although II. retains riovrsf in the text, yet 
in the Notes he thinks Autc\\y\\a wrote 
twwtoc; ibr tuiv means "to honor," but 
rivtiv "lo pay tho debt of punishment;" 
while he render* c**>*rur " to be spoken of 
immeasurably."] 116 20 

683. [Here, loo, II. hns not altered the text ; but in 
the Notes be would read oic tot' iirtpptxcv 
yafifipotmv dtidrtv, "upon whom it then 
fell, as cousins, to sing the bridal song."]. . 116 21 

685. [In lieu of yrpata, retained in the text, H. in 
tho Notes prefers yrpaiov, suggested by Au- 
rntus, although Stanley had compared " reg- 
num l'riami vet us" in Horace.] 116 22 

666, 7, 8. KlKA.t)riK.OV~ 

aa Hdptv tov aii-a/j.K-rpov, 
itafntopOij, nokvOptjvov ai~ 

Calling P.iris the ill-wcddcd, the all-destroyer, 

tho much -larocn ting age— * 116 23 

689-00. ■ fiXov rroktrav 

liiktov a'tji' dvaT/Mija. 
Having endured tho dear and wretched blood 

110 21 



1 H. adopt* Wellnuer'i notion thai if).*i'iTur U to be teirtlrA 
■nd Hrlrn. But in that c.i»r m-rayn) would want it* rtru, unl< 
•aid that tuixvan* i> to bs cot out v ( !rr?.,i-rr. 

■ H. hia adopted what he comidwl the true rorrrrii.m of 
Bat haw Piri* could be rallm! ?r./i'",> r /]W niuv nciihrr S.i.llrr n 

that xoM>pvri>v rtiuro meant " through a roiiHi-kriwiiiiiijf j*- 
lime," with the rllinnc of iloi; an rlli[p»r- ih.il c -mid hardly bo a 
hen. when it many aecu*.ilivr> arr found in |iiit:i|>nniii<in. 

» Such i. the literal *rr.ion of the irit of H . «ho ha. omill 
before roitruv, on the authority of thr .Srholia.t. wlido lie «.i 
the meaning of the pwutie, a* ajtrrfd. haa hum (,'ivrn in Ilm 
Genua translation ; which, a* appeara from Wcllaurr'a iMia voi 



800 APPENDIX. 

JUfefMW to 



760. [After this vera, II. has marked the supposed 
loos of a porccminc — ^v^apeanofifvoi ye kd- 
oavrtj "difiplcufecd with a person laughing ;" 
where AvfapeOKtturvoi he conceives has been 
preserved by Ilesychius, although he is awnre 
tliat such a compound would be an anomaly 
in correct Greek.] 1M18 L 17 

766. ova irriKtvoi* 

I will not conceal— 1 118 21 

760-70. Odpoof tKovmov 

av6ptim Ovi'jfjKovoi KOfUfav. 
In carrying [to Troy] a willing boldness to men 

willing to die. 3 118 23 

773. [As I can not understand the Latin note of II., 
I will give it in its original form, where ho 
is explaining the words cvtfrpwv ?roroc ev 
Ttkioamv. Est ndvof efypcjy " acccptus :" 
ev reXeaamv autcm est: " j>cr cos, qui pcr- 
fcccrunt."] 118 24 

775. [H. has marked the Fitpposed lo^s of a mono- 
meter, which he think* might have Wen lot) 
dtfHOrurof, " when you were absent" — ] ..110 3 

784-5. 7<?# <T tvnvrUo Kvm 

And to the opposite urn not filled came indi- 
gent Hope— 3 110 D 



1 H. omit* yHf> before izticrvfru. But it would have Ik- en much hrttrr 
to read oh yap ttf rt koVtu, where nr in due lu Mim^r.ivr, while nn'au 
would have its two arruaalive*, an unual. 

* So H. rendrra hi* own text, 0ufrfjr>( /aomnov uvAfnitit (hi;tHmai 
KOfilCuv, where (Uipaaf fnovatnv in due to MS Fam Hut why he •lictulil 
have introduced the worda *' to Troy/* for which there ia nothing in the 
Greek, he doea not nay. 

* H. read* irpn^rjtt xP e '°C in lieu of irpr,(rjn x rt l™ r . Now, though 
XfxifK u a word found onre in <i>rhvlun in the »fime of •• indi^mi." 
yet here it would he perfrrlly unintrllijiMr, unlrm it werr (old of wlmt 
thing Eipectation was in want. Moreover, although Iniih i,*tiv bihI 
ipXto0at are united to the dative of a peranri. yrt Tfnujivm could not I* 
ao united to the dative of a thing. Of thia fart no rritir Nrema to ha*« 

await ; and banco, while Paley haa properly admitted jriAOf , tho 



80* APPENDIX 



JCafefW* U 

It 



where; whereas JEschylus uses marwfuiTa 

in Kum. 213.] P. 121 1.3 

853. Totaoc \iiv rif— 

Some such pretext — l 121 10 

864. Xiyoift 9 dv di*6pa r6v6e powrrdOfnav kvvg — 

I will call tliis man a dog of an ox-stall — 2 . . 121 10 

867-6. yaXrji*bv rjftap eigidelv Ik ^ei/iarof 

tal yrjv faveloav vavrlkon; nap 9 tXnlda. 
A day of calm to be seen after a storni, and 
land beheld by sailors contrary to expecta- 
tion.* 121 21 

875. [Although II. retains rt'Ao? in the text, in the 
Notes he prefer** radV, found in MS. Kiirn. 
For ho might have said that rtkof would 
require Uie article] 122 G 

900. f/v£w Otoif deioaaav M 9 ipdeiv rate ; 

Hast thou prayed to the gods that I having 
feared am doing these things thus? 1 123 1 

909. f) ov koI av viktjv Trjvtic dfjpiof rUt$ ; 

Do not you too honor this victory in a con- 
test t* 123 17 

911-12. inrai n$ df>,3v/.ar 

Xvot Td\Of 9 irpodovkov rfifiimv TrotMf 
Let some one loosen quickly the shoe-latchets, 

1 So H. ift the Notes, where be prefers Toiude ftiv r«f to Toul<'t 

* H. reads fiovrmiQpuv for t&v trrafiuuw where hr \i\% properly ol- 
jected to the article. But while Clyicmii<-i»tra i« muwu^U -jm.ikih/ »( 
Agamemnon, she is really thinking of .L^iLim . \,i nc* ii,# n- i« ;.n « rt"t 
in urdpa rorrfr riir, which may be raniiv rorr*«iriJ i.y v -A\\\)i \» , '»/// "■ 
urtip' W uvra <fwv arafffiCv ai'io, •• i will rail a man. *'-,\\ ». t (v, .i tWj '>( • 
fold." On the Iom or corruption of ni,v, •■ safe," »«.« my J'oppoN Vt*»\* 
gomena, p. 304. 

* H. transposes the verses, an f»r«t *ij~*r»iM] hv fJ.,tlrr to hi* p",' •' 
Peilr, and reads ya/qihv far tu/./.trrrtv . wii:> t n'f^.'.v t* x ,f 'l lilf4 '' '" 
comparri] with /* nvuiiruv — m /a/r,i' i,(*J in Eurip Or U'/'t 

4 So H. by chanffinj* Ariinr «» into trleonav , )ml what U* uwli '■■" "* 
by the whole verse be dor* not state 

- So H. f ov cai o* in lien of j aol ov. Praia, too, )im •n^x r>u 




THB AGAMEMNON. 30 

that in-- tlio trending of tbo foot in the place 

of a slave, 1 1\ 128 |,|f . 

913-16> Jtai roladi h' iji0aivovO' aXovpyiatv 0ewv 
j*^ Tip iTpfouOev SftftaTOf PdXot QOovo?, 
noXXij yip nldCx; AuftaTofOopelv irooiv 
OTtt0ovra nXovrov 
And m. . no envy from (ho oyo of tlu> gods 
strike mc Hi ;i distance wliilo walking in 
tUcsa purple-dyed drawee. For tliere is 
much shnmc in mo against destroying a 

bouse by walking [upon] wealth— * 1S3 28 

028. olsop 6' vndp\ti ruvtie aiv Oeotf, uva$, 
fasti*-. 
There in ft house which, by. tlio furor of the 

gods, O king, has enough of thesa things — 3 188 33 

032. fuixavu[Uvy 

To [mo] planning— * 188 87 

930. OiiXnaq ficv tv x*ifi£» oijfuUtvtf poX&v— 

You indicate heat coming in winter — * 184 .8 

0-lG-fl. ovd' ditoirrOaaf 



Oapaoc cvmOef I$». 
Nor docs n person rejecting sit a well-trusting 

boldness — fl 124 14 

1 Such ii the litem), and, to myself, llio un intelligible vcnlon of 1hn 
word* npoowAnv tp.iaaiv irmlwf, which H. attempt* to explain by mm 
tb.it •nan .ire sailed, u it were, "(lie diiH ofilie foot." 

* H. adopts xal TnlaAt /i', from MS. Flor., ml retain* ^......../Jtwlw, 

a* riprouivo of a wish ; anil ho read* arci/hvrm in lieu of fttfpm f. 
which, ho nay*, could hardly thu* follow dupomSfcpsiv, to* conjccUm af 
Schtita for aufartt^dapt iv. 

' So H. understand- I tin words of the text, which mean, literally, "A 
house begin* to have of these with the node, O kins-'' 
•si here quite in the d.irk, ho «ujjgc»ted OF«H(, by which, 
inn i» (piinnl, unlen* wo read rilif for isof — 

* H. adopts Fiani'i pitxavupivq for psJtavufwVsf. But as both Is* 
genitive anil dative arc equally without rojp'men, ho should have pre fa r B ad 
Stanley'* /njini'ti/ifc 1 ?, to acreo with tvfujiBr. 

* In lieu of /inJii- H. ha* ^isUv, a* auggested by H. Voaa 1st Car. 
£achyl. p.M.andniomf. 

* Such ii the literal version of tho tent of H., who retain* dwssissss, 
and reject* dfrairrveav, tbo conjecUtie of C aaa ab oa, adopud by Fosrsr, 



awaa n ryfan- fl> ar V feJ Uft 

Tta» has pMMd by from lu ; 



by from lu jonth with iho 



• T SSJ 



*-Ar*^ifT4w» 



Bat I pray Ikat Um Uuagi say til altogether 
far from ar/ mprctallnn to * noo-cotwom- 

aamtlon* 1 

M8-TO. m£U 7* ™* t* ireWor / vyt/af 
ix6fw*rm> rfpfi*- v6oos yitp ad 
ydiw opoTMjor IprUa. 
Um Bait of modi health U TC17 iraatiablo. 
For iliiraan, arer a neighbor at a wall bard 

b/.pnM** 1 

. woUa r* drdootc . . . 



And much siring would ban destroyed' ISA 7 



nam of Iho trtt of H., who tui altered jr/»i-»- 
•* /«W into jpnr Jcm,u«l ftrf/i,iol*r inlo fiv fp.it.tjuf, and ban 
Uhoa mxJrwt a* Uw feniiiro of «■!■»—• form ncrcr found, cicrjii in a 
[» in the IIS. PtL Anfholog., i. 9. 3. win-re. howen- ' 



_ i* own or Hrrmann'a. 

• So H. by altering rot into t* mix. He (hniilil ha»i* ■iicsr»lrd m>r* 
dV; far nuV without £■> could not follow rC^ou in a future km. 

* 80 H. mada in lira of /wTo. yjp tw ru( woXi.uf fjl'inf, I'v inviting 
•H Iho eonjnlure of Illamf , after ivaor yip: at if iroJ.'nr rould be uaed 
B dramatic Grrrk fnr iroJ-Jjif. ami 1'7'i'ur for f-jifi'nf. and )y lima rrneal- 
M in Ibr ran* Bcntcnes; and aa if ipriArt could diupcnar wilh ita object. 
And yet knw May waa it to mtore M«'?a pip *wri 6atyi)af< {■)•'-■' 
^WPy* "* I*™"" iw«nf >3o yrffwj i/iorDir™ l/iri'ilri ; f. t., " the in* 



•kaadmnt hipallh ia *eiy joyleaa ; far d'ueuc nn-nmra rime, a nriulilwr 
■P** a a i i g h> 1 r;" where *^iipiim» ia duo to SehuU, adopted by Botha 

• aw at Ma* ■ Dm af-alU m— 



1007. ArT*? 4* Jv a&M uopatpHr Aypcvfutwy— 

lint being oulaiuW the blal toils— ' F.12C L2 

1014-19. o*mfcV»^»^*W W*«.™V» 
rpl&ttv— 
Tb*» ■> no Ichor* lor toe to winta time hero 

•tthodoor— » ISO 10 

1033.4fw/wrWit .... 

8ureljr4ttiibotiim&d— > 126 21 

1041. 4r£UcMf yip oft pfiUf TO tWrspov. 

Per IhM he** eWroyod no not * little a, kc- 

oudtimo/ 127 2 

1048. jtfm t» Odov AwJUn iraoov dpeW. 

Tbo divine power remain* present in the mind 

oft, inure* 127 4 

band** **i«i***, who Bad bean brought la Argo* mom like ■ queen than 
■ — Mbe. 

1 H. mil carry m Ken of fyrif- For, aajabe, If rVrifbc retained, wr 

MM emit the owlliinuil «V, which could not be thu* inserted between 

(Vrir end aeon. And k wa* probably to meet thu *crj difficulty tliat 

™ '* d to read, what H, ibould have adopted, ivrit P uAoCen; 

— tu attributed to Haupt. Moat ai*uredlr the cantin 

* b* mid to be out of the hunter*' toil*. 



Both* prnpaoed to read, 

watch CtauHften baa attributed to Haupt. Moat a 

P*n*eJfi eouid not bo uid to he out of the hunter* 

* H. adopta Muaame'i rfde far raidc, and ictaina dvpaiav, which i" 
withal fighnin ; and bene*, we moat mid, 



CMmi Ovpalf Y if l/tai (Roil*) r ^P a 
Tfifkm, 



* H. read* rr for yr. although he confeaae* that yt might be defended 

■ So H- render* at /iiiJ.if, " nnn porum," a mraning (haae word* nrvoi 
da, and nerer could bear; and vainly doc* he refer to Eurip Hel. 313, 
Sikoooa* oi nfitff aoJlrfe, where El mil. happily corrretrd at pt ftfr *a>.rlr. 
i-t., "Thou nhalt not call me, who urn willing, twice," In .Uvelijlu*. 
h utOTit , the diaorder i« acated mokwIuI deeper ; for the dramaliat wrote 
'ArMim( yip, fr* Mrtf to Stirtpoy, i. c, " For thou halt dentruycd, whom 
thorn wilt Ma t t e r * aceond time." On th» union of the perfect and fu- 
tara, compare U. B. 117, 

"Of A) roMuup iroXJun tarlivai aapeva, 

llcT In aeJ apart. 

* H adopt* Tapir in MS. Fnm. and Rob. in preference to wta h, elicit- 
ed by SchuU from **/>' b> in AM. H. refer*, indeed, to Soph. A]. 337, 
k*Jt uo paam^ u wrctcbodlr corrupt, aa it would bo ca*r to »how, if tb> ' 




1050. nvrrxpiva re gtutA M^prdvap— 
Hntli tho evils of self-murder and hang- 
ings-' F.1S7LM 

1051, tai ttcoot j>arrig*QV. 

And tho sprinkling on the ground. 1 1S7 IS 

1053. ftarevet <T, wv dvevpf/eti q*Stw. 

And she is nocking tho murder of those whom 

alto will discover. 3 • • • 1ST U 



1055. [To meet tho objection started by Eltarllng 

against tlio folly of describing children as 
wept for who had been cut up and cooked by 
their undo and oaton by their father, 1L 
nays th ut nXn.ir.a0at means not " to be wept 
fur," but simply "to weep." Hut, though, 
children might weep before they were cut 
up, they would not do so after tlio act. 
How strange that both Ilcrm. and Elbcr- 
ling failed to see tluU tlio dramatist wrote 
Aaio/itv' 'Jet-e lipyipij ir- ff^ayiif, not Kato- 
peva rude ftpi^tq ; for we tliue recover not 
only the lost sense, but tlio syntax likewise: 

" Sec children cut up fur victims."} 1X7 SS 

1071 . [II- says that soma have unjustly Mumbled at 
Ofrru £v>'j}*a* vDi' yiip i£ alvtypdruv — 
din]\avCi. lint surely, nfter tho Chorus liad 
said, " I do not understand nt all," thoy could 
not mid, " For now I am in a difficulty;" 
although they might hnvo said, " I liuvo not 
well understood nil. Now I am still fiulbar 
in a difficulty"— in Greek, Uv irav gwijK? 
ev ' vvv Ttipa '$ ah'iyfidruv d/if^avu.j 1X7 St 

wr-re thr placo for a lengthened note. Polej refers mora aptly In Eurip. 
Or. 1IH0. fiy $vxy *apav. Dui there pivri U not added, u hat*. 

1 H. adopt* KOflTupaf from MS. Fun,, and inaarta re helora aosA, wttSJ 
Fauw, whine nanip, however, i« nnt mentioned, or ««i after **t4. Bat 
at there were no arti of »elf-murdcr nor of Imnjrinp; to which Ca— ndra 
could allude the pimmsc nmrt conceal a corruption, m portion of whisk 
Emprr Ivm corrected hy reading KapTiifuni fat tapnirti. 

• H. altera wttiuv into kUm — 

* In lieu of ue liv tip'/trij. II. <u]r>|ita Parson'* wv JvrvpjoYI. Bet lUs 
ilia Chorus could not iay, union, like Caaaandra heraoir, thay had m ftb* 
plictic power. 



108 APPENDIX. 

1061— 3, trraywv, are yS dopl Trrwcnpo? 
fvvavCru tftov rJwT&f, ouyaif 
A drop, which, lulling to llic ground by the 
sword, ends witli tlie rays of departing 
life,' 1M28 L7 

1087. [Although II. retains rvirret in the text, yet 
in the Note* ho prefers (tern, for llio Miko 
of the metre, referring to I Icsych. Oiret ' 
k&ttu, Ttrarci ; and, in like mnnncr, lio 
considers reuyn as the gl. for Kvrct, first 
edited by Ulanif.} 128 11 

1093-5. wHiv yap ital 

iroXveittlf Trxrai OtoTnifniol 
cVJJof tptpovatv paOiiv: 
For nniriilur nrtit with many words bring 
[pcrnonx] to Want through evils u fair. 1 . . . 128 15 

1006. to yap fpiiv Opattf ru'flof hrtyx* Q t — 

For thou moniicsl my suffering, ullur pouring 

upon— a 128 17 

1097. iro« At) ]ir. Arvpo rifv rdXmvav ijyayev ; 
Whither him he brought mo hither, 1 the 

wretched one! 128 18 

1098. dKupTor float; eW.oiKTOf? raXaivatf ttytftiv 
Un "Minted with moaning, wilh haph-st 

thoughts lumen t-loving— * 128 22 

1 H-, wilh Allien*, ■tow «" *<"' Ayr*, into ri'V •</ A.,.i. vnhrrr A,.; it 
dur lo Cuaubnn ; anil he render* fi-i'im-m, ■• Ji'aitui," a ruraiimL' v.-iinlv 

Had II mn my note on Kiirip Tro W Iir would Iiavi- found what 1 
think .flielivliia wrote : «il( ;<i/i /*■;•> a-mnf/rnij Zi'i-nird ,?(«■ oii-rtf 
■!•;«', r. *., "For Ihii licht of arltini; lib meet- ihoae alx.iit to Till hy a 
aprar i" where Ca»amlra alludca lu Iter own death, nut lo that ol' Aga- 



■ So H.. hy thrrine OrtrrtwAAv iuln Ornm^ifnl — 

* Such i> thr literal. Ami. to myself. iiiiinl..||i L -ililr ifr-inn of llir Iril 
of H., who haa nllrinl dimi ,' Tr) .jVniMi imo t>ftnil( i-t; \irr, where fl ( wr,V, 
hr artya. ii adilreaaed to i lie Chums, ajid /rrf) r/or i» the conjecture of 
rmi ilikrwi*-. 

* H. nllrn iinj'f into fijn; n-. which lie would refer to Ae.-imemNon. 

* So H.. by ailoritino rtto/irrnr; ,Wf ftmn Aid., nml 0'>(«nriiir rt'/aU 
Voir ftwalv "from Vict, who probably obtained iho reading from MSS 
Von. tod Flor. 



THE AGAMEMNON. 300 

ilUt>-7. nijH,idkoVTO ol XTfpotpopov (Jt/HJf 

Ou,l 

Around Iwr have tliu goda thrown a fcalhcr- 

boarina body— i 1M28 L26 

1112. (ifiuv OTti'vva 

Moaning sit the same time — : 128 82 

1 122. [For (lie sake iif the metre, II. lias given not 

tthic r«i) di'or ill' iiilfhi, i.e., "even n new- 
born child would leant," in lieu of veojvof 
uvOpuxuv iiiMw.] 129 2 

1123. ireTAf/yfifit J' utwc Jb'km eJon'/tji 

I am struck, »« it were, with n biting animnP 

thiil felclie* blood 120 3 

H2.J. tttri-fxt frOFfuiOftna 

With a >hricking mid fearful cry— * 12 *> S 

1U1. fyi',> iK O fl>! ,iw (j£f ra'x' iv jrwtw /toA<3. 

Ami I will throw quickly my wiirui car upon 

the ground.* 129 9 

1 153-6. rKitaprvptfmv TTpov/iooas to /it) fWe'wK 

Or testify, hnvinp previously been sworn, tliat 

I did nut know hy report — s 130 . i 

1158. [Although 11. rclnim in the text rratwrtov, 
yet in the Notes lie prefers mutjvtof, found, 
ncconling to Klin*L, in MS. Funi.] 130 6 

' So mJ* H„ with Aim-Tin. where Tr,>r;?ii>.<N'ra fJ i» tW to MS. Med. 
'J. Hut Kincf wijii i» Hi'vi-r euntrartrtl into Tf/>. lie *liniihl have odtijit- 
nl -',.(. Sii'.u:--n. I'rum AM , or rather liare rlicilrd jcrfi^atjm from trcj«- 
i«:i«iTi( in MMIS. Von. Fl.ir Kara., for die midille voice would bo iniid- 
i.iih-ihlo ; ami iIiuh •,!,,, might be preacrvni, which H. hai unccrcmoni- 

' H. lias introduced I'm in conjrrtiiro nrirava' after 6/ioi, io (hat thi* 

- Si> I;., [iv .I'.-.crinj; i— ; > iJ^-uiji-i into iis«( daMI — 

* il. a!:rr> nun '■'.:• r,.„ : v;r mil. <j'j ; Ij,»;H;j..(i, in agree wilh Oavaropopa. 

* 1[ r.tlnj.is C.iiiIit'« (ifjumii of'c. clicitril from OrnMui'ei-r- B ul **hy 
Cwnmlrii kIioiiIiI lie <1r»criM no throwing Iter "warm car" an (ha 
EMiuxl, H. hiw not mjihiiicil. nor could any one tell. And yet did Mm- 
clivlim write here m'r. while- tlir other wonl« miclil be recovered by n- 
■nt'iiilierini; the '-.lull cold car ol' Death" in (;ny'» Elrjrj. 

* H. rcadi, wilh Dobrcc, rd /") ttiltVai in lieu of ro /»' ridewtt— » 



* 



\ 



S10 APPENDIX. 

1^, fc Ritntf Is 

Q.TwL TraMUUflft. 

1161-4. KA2. fidvrtfn 9 

XO. ffdv k<u 0e6$ trep . . . . 
KA£. irporov fiev ... 
XO. appvverai 1 P. 130 L 10 

1175. [H., unable to suggest any thing that he con- 
sidered to be quite certain, has, in lieu of 
<f>poifii<Hf itpTflilois, edited <f>potnLoi$ dvg- 
<f>poifiioif, i *., " unfortunate preludes." 
Strange he should not havo stumbled upon 
rapdooojv <f>poifiioi^ <ppev' kvOio^ where 
Qpiva is dependent upon rapdoouv.'] .... 130 29 j 

1190. [Although H. retains in the text Toiavra - 

roA/ip Orjkvf dpoevof ^ovev? 'Eortv, yet J 

in the Notes he prefers, what Ahrcns was the ? 

first to suggest, Toidde rdkfia OTjkvf dpoe- \ 

vo$ <fx>V€v$ "Eerrc v, t. *., " Such female bold- ] 
ncss is the murderer of a man/* where toi- 

dde is due to MSS. Vcn. and Flor.] 131 7 . 

1194. doTTovdov r* 'Apr/ j 

And a trucclcss war, 3 131 11 ' 

1211. f) adpr* dp* av napeoKdrrei^ XPW&V ^wv; j 

Hast thou greatly wandered again from my ! 

oracles? 1 132 j 

1215. narraX • t66 9 olov nvp • Impxercu 6i //oi— J 

Ah me 1 This [is] how great a fire. 4 And it 

comes upon mo— 132 14 j 

• 

1 Although H. ajicrti that the new order in which he has disposed ' 
this tetrastich is required by the train of thought, he ought to have shown 
what could have led the Chorus to auk Cassandra whether she obtained ' 
the gift of prophecy from Apollo as a lover's present : and n* he confeas- 
es that fiitpvverai, furnished by MS. Farn., is what Cassandra was about 
to say, or was at least thinking of, he should have shown us as well what 
could possibly havo induced ..Eschylus to put down the unintelligible 
ippvverai. 

1 H. adopts u(rrjv % first published by Lobeek. on Soph. Aj. 802. 

* H. reads, with Franx, av for dv, and renders napefJKoTreic, " hast thou 
wandered from.'* Dut irapaoKoneiv is rather " to view on ono side," t. c, 
"to take an incorrect or partial view." 

4 So H. reads in lieu of olov rO irvp. But olov could no* bo thus in 
sorted bttwecn rode and frv/>. Correct Greek would require olov rote j 

i 



THE AGAMEMNON. 311 

l'£iC. It' tc $Ot>pav motor' • eyii $' 5fi' tt/>o/«u 

Go, liillinj; 10 destruction. And I will at tlio 
same time follow—' 1\ 132 L21 

1227. akkqv tiv' orr/f dvr' l/tov rrXovrl&re. 

Enrich sonic other [womun] instead of mo 
with calamity — * 132 25 

1329-31. ■ ■■ ■ ■ — inamtvaaf 6i ;te 

A'uc TiHttdr. KoifitMf KaraytX^fih'Tjv fiiya 
rfiikuv Ow" i\Oi>ui; ov dt\ufift6iwf,ftaT^p. 
And looking upon nic, even in thctt oma- 
menta laughed, at greatly by friendly foes, not 
with two terms of the wale, a seeker 3 . . . . 132 27 



i7i"3. In the letter* -rarraioinvmmp evidently lie hid uirrpaimtr oSor 

I'ln-iis ilt.fjiic. Y.m rV woulJ lie perfectly uiMiiiellitfiLilc here. 

pm. liiil a« inn! could not Cliun account fur the. introduction of llta 

letters "■j, in which the chief ilill'icuitv lict, .'Luchjlu* wrote, prrha]*, 
'W i; o^iifwr, iio 1 i,v a;V, ill' ui' aptitfio/iai, where u6' u/itiijiafiai it due 
ii> Jamlm ; while liji-ci in jilainly continued l>y i^ If* oie' uyv$ moo in Eu- 
rij. . Tfo. 453. 

' li ri.iiln, witli Stanley, uf^r fur urrjv. and iiMrrt* that irXjnir&hv 
mi govern a genitivo no well aa a dntivo ; an insertion it would bo dilli- 
rult to prove. 

J l)v such .1 tell H llmuj;lit he hail restored the JramntUt by changing 
i»' ro into uf;n, and fuirt/v into pnri/fi. Bill though ho refers to Hciycb, 
Mri-(, : ,i ■ >-;T*<irr..-, itt^nji', i , i ( r !■ j; off, ii is is range ho did not »cc, what 
i» "I'vious to every one else, lli.it Slunjp is a corruption of iiaOTifp ; and 
ili.it rt,'/ u .i it' ,'|I',jiji- could not he thin united, where icnao and syntax 
evidently require pii.ua IT {■ it' txOpuv r\ I propoio to rcatoro the paaaag* 
hy reading 

6 AmV li" 'W»ur, nirJf fi^wv r>i 

j-p^rr„ji'ni' Vorti>', ii:70-rrmir cV '(i 

wiv ToinAr icimwoie cura) rAuuSrov /T, u>o 

OlAiJl' C LTT' IJtffJWV t* OV dl^n/ijloirur, Aurpif. 

Apollo, he who j*;wc, 



813 APPENDIX. 

1 83 8-8. KaXovfiivr) 6i ipotrd^, <jf dyvprpia, 

irrwxdf TtiXaiva, ktit&lvtp; ii<-iox''l' T l v - 
And culled a mniiinc, liku un nli no- beggar, a 
|M>or, wrclflii.il rreuiuro, wiih hunger ilj iii£, 

1 have endured — ' 1'. 132 1.29 

1249. rt rlffr* iyCi /urroutoc ... 

Why then do I ft foreign settler — * 133 5 

1354. u noXka {lev rdXatva, TtoAAd it' aii oiMpi) 

O thou very wretched, nnd on the other hnnd 

very win — » , 133 13 

13oB. ovk lor' aAv£ff, oil. iivot, xporor irAe'w, 

Then is no escape, O Mrungcra, fur a longer 

lime,* 133 17 

1281-3. aia£ It' thtlv pifltv, ov Opijvov OeXw 

Still oneo 1 wMi to upcnk a word, not r la- 
ment for myself— * 13-1 13 



■Mf lr fcirf napuv. Airif rod* tln&v, of roc t«ra> & t'ttviv T&v K<ii6a 
re> i/m; while Kdrptn. u nreCMary lot the irnw u pn'ftr> i> unncceO' 
urj, u the *erj word applied to Hemic*, llio (errant of Jupiter, in Jiu- 

1 So H. conreired tint, by ■ new puncl nation, ho could gel rid uf Ilia 
difficulty in niJuilra, in winch, however, it ii ciiy to no Tt drivu lying 
kid. TV poet probably wrote 

caloi'iiri'M it fm/MCi «lf iiji : rtrri(ii, 
«rujof rt drivii XipnttuiK t l/ffOX")"!'' — 
And eall'd a pmplieteini, like one W'cmc nlrrn, 
Poor, and with hunger iljing. ill* I've borne — 
where Ooi&V i* due in Sponheim. 

1 H. read*, with Ahren*. /ii'rminf for ururoffcor. Dut what tbr iile 
"■ foreign •dtlcr" ronlil have to do bore wr are not tnl.l. How «uji, 
U iho conjecture of K.iiipor : Ti <V /}0 ou unr' rfnir uiV ui-aar, 
"Why willimit renmii iln 1 thin bewail!" 

' 8o H. with other editorn. not one of whom linn «een tlmt, in liei 
S *i. where ad i> piTfirllj uninlclliijible, the [met wrote d" w. For ■ 
the Chorue would sneer, ■« lliey ■bould do, at tlio proplidcii — <*1 
•ery wretched, but not very »i»c — " 

* H. rcadi. with I'ulcy, whoic nunc, however, it not mentioned. xp 
'-- "-UOfMB 



Till: AGAMEMNON. 313 

l.n>» (a ft«f«r«n<w %• 

ti TttV 



12M, j}Aiy d* htevxmuu 

TTfK^ votutov tf>u>f fiaeikhaQ r</faaVioff 
loaf ditaf eVifrvra? dotfrfoff tSfiov 
lxPl*ti$ <f>ovcv<H Tuff **/«*? rlreiv fyoO ' 
douk/fi OtutovoiiQ tvftapovf m/iufiarof • 
And I pmy to Uio sun at Uio last liglit that 
avengers of a king may appear, unci inflict 
equal punishment at Uio muiio Umo upon 
[his] enemies unprepared, [and] upon tho 
murderers of me, a slave, dying by cosy 
handiwork. 1 1M84 L U 

1287-8. c vTvxovvra pi* 

aula Ttf iv ^pet/Km*— 
Things prosperous a sliadow may liken— * • • 154 18 



1 So H. read* in lien of rw/f ^Mif rt/Htapmc* "Krt*** fsy f tss f*«Y 
Iftntc rlvrtv 6finH t and has, with Wollaner, changed e/** into lee*, white 
rivetv m probably n literal error for rnVrip; lor oj*«c rfrarie 
punishment," but dfref rtivttv M to inflict k, H With npH U 
duction of •imcevoif, H. refrre to Hesych. 'Asvcsoif * f«X5c f im 
— Aid^Aoc 'AyofUfivovi. I propose to feed* 



f/liov rAT rfyfaytai 
irpfy torarov j&c rod? veovr rf/uxapevf 
W/**C faveitoi rimv lorfv rtivttv ijtoi) 
oWA?r, Oavovot/c cvfiapovf ^ctpuparor . 



-to this lut light 



■M 



.V 

J 



Of the sun I pray, that young avengers ttty 
For feuds an c<jual punishment inflict 
Upon the murderer* of me a slave, 
Dying by handiwork not hard to do. 

For most assuredly, in such a prayer, Cassandra would never think of U 

making any allusion to Agamemnon. With regard to the sJtSfSJUOnfl. 

t)>Jov rod* evxo/iat might have been easily corrupted into fAiy 9 fact* 

Xytat, and tyfydc into /vt'tyw/fi And rimv Ittt/v rtivriv tfiod into rofr Jpetf 

rivrtv AftnO. At nil events, we thus got rid of tho repeated rsijr ^teflr, to 

which H. has properly ohjrcted. 

• Such is the literal version of the text of H. But what ho un de rs to od 
l>y those words I am at a loss to discover, and still more to guess oven 
at the reasons that led Doissonadc, whom H. has followed, to alter TrfsV. 
nev into irpfyettv. For, as irpfireiv is always an intransitive verb, it 
can not govern evrvjoiVra. It is true, indeed, that a shadow could not 
be said " to overturn things prosperous,** but it might " to conceal them ;* 
*nd bonce it is evident that tho poet wrote Kpv+tuv, sad net fpifntp* 

o 



306 APPENDIX. 

1007. iicr!^ o" iiv riven fitipafftuv dypeviidruv— 

llut being outNclu of (lie fiitnl toil*— ' 1*. 12G 1. 2 

1014—15. ovroi thpatav ryJ' i/ial ttxoXt) mipa 
rpipetv— 
There in no leisure for mo to waste time hero 

at tlw door— ' 12G 10 

1023. i} fiaivtrat rt ... . 

Surely eho is both mod — 3 12G 21 

1041. drttoAeoof yap nil ;it5Aif rh dtvripov. 

For tliou host destroyed mo not a little a sec- 
ond timo.* 127 2 

10-13. fiiva to Oeiov dovkia napbv ipptfl. 

Tin; divino power remains present in the mind 
of a slave* 127 4 

band's miatresa, who hail been brought lo Argot mom like a queen linn 
a captive. 

1 M. lead* htif in lieu of (vrar. For, cava he, if turfy he retained, w» 
moat omit the conditional <if, which could not be thut inserted hctveen 
tvrhf and crifia. And it wu probably lo meet Ihia very difficulty that 
Bothe propoaed lo road, what H nhoukl have adopted. IvTvf 6" it/.oiaa , 
Which Conington baa attributed to Hanpt. .Mont aanurrJly the captive 
Caaaandra could not he naid to be out of the huntcra' toila. 

' H. adopta Muacrare ') TyAr for njvilc and retain) Qvpaiav, which in 
without regimen ; and hence we mtiit read. 

Ofroi Orpaif Y ud" tpol axo>Jl itapa 
Tpifitit. 
Where Oiywlo i> due lo Caanubon. 

* H. reada tl for >r. although he confcuei thai yt might be defended 
in the aente of " adco," 

* So H. rentier) at /i"?if, " non parum." a meaning ihnse word) never 
do. and never could l>c;ir : and vainly tloea he refer to Rurip Hrl. 312, 
8i\ma(iv ov /i.'.'.ir «"'■">. where Klinid. happily corrected n! ,ti il; f wii.tir, 
i.e., "Thou ulialt not call me, who am willing, twice ." In .-llneliyluo, 
however, the di)ordcr i> aealcil nomcwhal deeper : for the dr.iinatii't wron 
'AcMttaf yip, i/r oJ.eir rd ttpTipov, i.e., " For thou haat drutmycd, w limu 
thou wilt dcitroj i areond timo," On tliii union of the perfect and fu- 
ture, compare I?.. 0. 117, 

"Of d;) rro?-''.ilup to^.Iwv utiTt&vac tujrqpa, 

lid* In Ml Won. 

* H adopt) wtlfA* in MS, Fam. and Hob, in preference to ire/) h; elirit- 
rd hy Schitla from ton' ff in Aid, H. refer), indeed, lo .Soph. Aj. 337, 
but loo paaaage it wretchedly corrupt, aa it would ho eaay toahow, iflhi" 



THE AGAMEMNON. 315 



!,»• M *m ? mwmtt to 

131*3. roi> dpuvros ion Kal rh ftovkevoai it* pa. 

It is the part of the doer oven to give counsel 

beyond.* 1M3C L 17 

1328. ad<t>* Moraf \l"l ^wi'de OvfiovoOai mpt. 

It is meet for those, who know correctly, to bo 

angry about these matters. 3 136 27 

1330. ravrr]v faatveiv navroOFV TtXrflvvoiiai. 

I am pressed with a multitude on every side 

to praise this [opinion] — 3 13G 29 

133 G . 7rfi c y up 7/ c £ \'0j>«« c £,V'0pa ^opnv vwv, (pLXoi$ 
duKovoiv elvai, 7r?//ioi'i/r; apKvorar 9 uv 
Qfui&tev vi/»oc, Kfmaaov ti?Tr;/rf///irirof . 
For every one, while hrinjring acts of enmity 
against enemies, who seem to be friends, 
would make a fence with the nets of ca- 
lamity of a height superior to a leap out of 
them. 4 " 137 3 

1315. itrOijKrv (tvrou HuXa 

lie let down his limbs forthwith—* 137 12 



supported by Eum. 527, fiu/iuv aidcaai Aitac, ftrjdc wv, Kcpdof I6utv t 
tlOtut Tod? ?ui rrar//a//r. 

1 Were, again, 1 can not understand the text of H., who has adopted 
Schutz's Trijta. 

* II. read*, with Ahren*, Ov/tovaOai in lien of [ivQnvaOai. But why tho 
Chorus should allude to their nnger here, neither critie lian thought prop* 
er to tell uh. To myself, it seems evident that tlic dramatist wrote riivdt 
voir OtnOui rr/yw, "to put down our opinion on these matters." 

3 Such in, perhaps, the hest version of the text, which in not what the 
author wrote, as it would he easy to show, and not diilicult to sufrjrest 
what he did. H. thus paraphrases: •• Undiquo couveniunt mini argu« 
menta, ut hane. sentenliam prohem." 

' II. reads with Uothe, whose name, however, in omitted, true for fr£f, 
and with Klmsley upuvnTar tlv in lien of lipuvnr u Tav % nnd ntjitovt/f instead 
of Trr/novr/v, with AuratUH and I'aley on Pert*. 100, neither of whose names 
are mentioned. 

6 So H. renders <n'»roi\ a meaning that word never beam. Had H. 
rver heen a performer on a stage, an well as a scholar in a study, ho 
would have Heen that /Kschylus wrote firO//nev ovtu ku'/m, whero otru in- 
dicates the gesturo of the actor, showing how tho muscles of Agamemnon 
became relaxed. 



316 APPENDIX. 



■ IUfem«« !• 

O.Tnti TfiMlim, 

1348. ovtu) tov avrov Ovfibv dpvyaivet nco6v 

Thus docs bo hi falling vomit out his 

life 1 P. 137 L U 

1355-6. ei 6 qv xptnov Twd* wot' imarrivSeiv ve*yx5, 
rod' av diKaiux; r/v, virepditcuq }iev ovv. 
But if it were becoming, bo as to make a liba- 
tion over this corpse, this would be just, 
very just indeed.' 137 20 

1370-1. dqfioOpoovf r' dpac 
diretiticef dnorofKO^ ; 
And hast thou cast away in a rejecting 
manner tlio curses uttered by the ico- 
nic T 3 138 G 

1382-5. keyio St aol 

roiavr* diretkeh; cif TTapatJKevaaiihift 



1 H. sdopta Schutx's avrov for avrov, and niter* Sfyiaivet into 
ipvywvii, on the authority of a pi. in Hcsych. 'Opt*) cirri* iptvytrai, 
where ipvyuvu is plainly derived from a faulty reading tor Ipvy- 
ymptt. 

• 3uch is the literal version of tho text of H. I propose to restore the 
paaaaff) aa IbUowa : 

Ei <T ijv nprnov rt OTuyp* ImititMnv vrsyxp, 
Tyd* ov 6i*ai' $i» * oW iirifdix', C% y tpol % 
&OUV )f Kftarffp*, /c dri/iorr fjo'/.uv, fide 
twXtf<t\ tyvoretf at-roc Uniict, KUhUV. 

Were it becoming on a corpse to pour 
Ono drop of a libation, upon him 
It were not so ; nor to my mind doc* he 
Unjustly gulp himself of ill* the draught, 
Of which the cup, on coming homo, he InTd. 

With which may be compared Shakcupcarc's well-known— 

M even-handed Junticc 

Commends th' ingredients of the ]>oi*on'd chaliro 
To our own lips.'* 

With regard to the alterations, and the reason* on whirh they rent, I 
Bust leave the discussion of them to the time (should ovr such arrivn) 
when I can complete my still unfinished edition of j;»chylus 

9 H. reads dnor6/u>c for u7rtraur{, ar *d refer* to 6xoto/4</v li'murt^ 
i» Ettrip. Ale 993. But there the poet evidently wrote Imrvvuv X»//i<p 



318 APPENDIX. 



Tr*Ml«llo«, 



lorn of five lines and a half. Had he look- 
ed into my representation of the whole of 
these Lyric and AnajKestic Songs, which I 
published in the Chiliad Journal, No. 24, 
p. 31(5, he would have Hccn that not a sin- 
glo line has been lost.] P. 139 1. 15 

1427-9. fj nokvpvaorov t-rirOiaa) alp' avinrov, 
araaa tot 9 iv dufiotaiv 
tptdfiaTdg ti$ d I'd/joe ol^vg 
Alas I thou heavy pest, tho destroyer of a 
husband, standing then on the house, hast 
become conspicuous through blood much- 
mindful, and not to bo washed out. 1 130 1G 

1435. dfvoraTov JAyoc fapa&v 

Has effected a pain that can not stand to- 
gether. 2 130 22 

1436-9. dalpov, 6c l/iTrtrmr dufiaat kcu dupvi- 
OKJt Tavrakidaioiv, 
ayxrroc t' lofyvxov Ik ywaitcwv 

Kapdlt'i&t)KTOV tftOl KfKlTVVtlf 

O thou demon, that fullest on the house and 
the sons of Tantalus with their double- 
branch, and rulcst the victor}' of an equal 
soul, biting my heart through women (Hel- 
en and Clytcmncstra — •) 130 24 



1 Such is the English of the I«.itin version by H. of hi* own text, both 
equally unintelligible — to myself, at leant ; and, what is still stranger, the 
translation docs not give even a fair representation of the (ireek, which 
D€l lias concocted out of Ttttivftvanrov i^T/iOifru th' at/i' uitrrrov i t rir 
$¥ tot* iv Ai/io/c Ipif IfuAfinTo^ uiAtn)r o< s Yc For, in' the first place, Lc 
translates the words ?rn?.iy*r«rTroc nctivelv " remembering," which means 
paasivcly "much rcmcmlicrcd." Secondly, be renders irrtjitiiau "con- 
■picua," which, if it meant any thing at all, would mean " thou hast 
caused thyself to bloom." Hut there in, in fact, no such verb an /rrr/i - 
Oiou in the middle voice. Thirdly, r;'un could n«»t follow Iz^itl.cu with- 
out the preposition oV«. found in the MSS. Lastly, altlioujjli //»« is com- 
pounded with some passive participial*, it is not so with Auuri*r. 

• Such is the literal version of iicVrrrarov, which Palcv renders " incom- 
patible," without producing a single pas»ago to prove that uiiararoc 
oither has, or could have, such a meaning. 

9 Such is tho English of tho I^atin version by H. of his own text, where 






: 



320 APPENDIX. 

1472-3. toW* imrtetv 

■nktov vapoif imOveaq 

lias paid oil" litis grown person by ftacriJiting 

[him] i» addition to tin; young — ■ 1'. 140 1.2o 

1479-80. 'i-roi 6i Kui ■npo^alvuv 

And wliemMwvi-r it is pro^reiwing it skill af- 
ford to hoar-frost buys-devouring." .'. 140 28 

1469. [II., who oneo defended the wools our' dv- 
t?j{iOrpov u'tjuu Ourarui' rCiih yevinOtu, 
which Nciillw wns the liret lo rvject as sjiii- 
riou*, htm wiliw<jncnily given them up, liut 
without Minting how they could have coiuo 
hen.] MO 40 

1492, uiia Afxiunt; n£ta wd»\MV — 

After doing worthy nets, worthy nets Niftiv- 

ing— » 141 3 

1498. aTiiAn/far fir'firfirai' 

An to i'iiro without fkill' 141 7 



' Kurh i* (lie lilirnl vrr 


i-.n of n 


,r.L 


Whirl 


11. Ihu* 


p.lM|.lin-e» 


" Ilaj paid olTtliui r>fmvri pri-win, u 




cl of 


«\ iiiyc fur iluiiliL'ii, hy 


hii licing •laii'jliirml fur 111 












" Kuril ii (lie literal vrr 


inn of wnnl« whirl 


11. thill 


Tnv.i|i!iiriM'« : 


"And whrmmcrrT it i" |> 


lerrwin 


. it 


hull 




,-Mte.l l,l,„„l 


lny> ik'vi>uriii|{ llwm," i. f , 




III' 111 


.-1 lh:it 


aim' In 'in llin 


umc «e«i j" while lie rrjrrl 




lirii 


lutlri 


■roniM'd 




of i? no), and wnur liovr nd.iplcil, ar 


Irij. 


itlv « 


; fur .1: 




M I poinlrd out tliirty-nim- 






n> M 






nihil |lnp«i> rofiiri, I V. " f.> 


llie 1.., 


].r.i 




.'wVii,il 




chin, will give dice n* food fur laic," 




t ther 




iilem illuuoii 


lo Ore>te« 












■ Such in the literal vrnin 




wli 


lill 


iv« have 




"miflVrinj* ihtn ; :« worthy n 


wort lu- 




-:• 


till liow 




doing! Inward Ip1ii|*ruiji ™ 


ll* rill'll 


l"w 


irLhv' 


lli.le.ul o 


f-uiiwrthy," 



'. II 

• H. ahc i 



fini-. So, too. I had puliti-liril in [lie Cl.-w.iral .l.iurnul. No 21. ji HIT, 
ixvXmiiiif iir,H,iii'Ie, unknown, perh.ip", to U , lull w illmiit rrfrrriiii!. ax 
be haa donr, 10 Pindar, 01. 1. 115. for an nample of thr nurd il-ti'/.num', 
while iisuXaiuif firpi/ntiv mav lw ooiiiii.irnl with u\a).tiif aaxifuv, in 
Souh. (Ed. T. 185, w hero 1C0 Drunrk and Elinilcy. 



J22 APPENDIX. 

Uttvnmf it 



1542-4. rdtf 9 

dkXfjkoip6vov^ 
fiavtaf pekdOpuv dfekovaxj. 
After having taken away from tho house 
these phrensics producing alternate mur- 
ders' 1\ 142 L 9 

1558. dorogevia 

And during on act of hospitality for citizens 3 142 10 

1563-4. Itynnrr' 

dorp' 

He conccalcd 3 ........without a mark— 142 24 

1573-4. rpirov yap ovra p. % imdex' aOXiw narpi 
ovvifrkavvei rvrOttv 6vt* tv oirapydvotf 
For me, being the tliinl in succession, did ho 
drive away, together with my unhappy 
father, while I was still a little one in swad- 
dling clothes— 4 143 3 

1583. [After this verse II. has marked the loss of 
another, which he conceived was to this 
effect: Toiyap arvyifitiq oY?0* : otc ToA/xrj- 
jkwiv, t. e\, " Hence hated for thy impious 
darings." But here, as in the preceding 
lyrical portions, there is nothing to bo 
supplied, but only sometliing to be cor- 
rected.] 143 13 



1 H. alter* pot & into rutf— 

• Such, I presume, it the meaning H. intended by his uaToi-ivia, which 
ho has made out of nurov Sh<a. 

• H., who once thought tliAt nomn verses had dropped out here, has 
now suggested, after Tvrwhitt, whose name is not mentioned, Ufivirr* in 
the place of tOfWiTT* ; adopting, likewise, Dindorf 's o d\ and reading, more- 
over. KoOrjfirvoi(, which, as far as I can discover, in without regimen. 

• H. alters, not without some hesitation, Inl AW into IrrhSrxn. But 
M Iwidef, from which he derived liridrxa, is a word not to be found 
elsewhere, the restoration of the passage is still left for a more happy 
critic, since neither Emper, who first objected to /n-2 d<V — for nothing 
is known elsewhere of the thirteen children of Thycstcs — nor Ahrens, 
who felt tho full force of the objection, have been able to meet it satis* 
Isctorily. 



324 APPENDIX. 



j R#f«rm«« it 

O.TvsL TraaaUtfc*. 

1626-7. [II. has transposed thcso two verses, and 

fiven -rrqfiovift aXi$ d' instead of 7i7//iovj)c 
• 5^ f y»_] I\ 144 1.24 

1627. dvUa ical rod 9 ^antjaat Trokka diorrivov 0£- 

pof. 
But even these ore many [so as] to reap a 

woeful harvest 1 144 23 

1628. [H. has placed here the verse Xw/tpovog, com- 

monly found after mtpwpEVovf in 1035, 
and supplied ai<7£oc /u'ya, i e., " a great 
disgrace/' after KpaTovvr'.] 

1629. meix? *<& <*v X°l y«7 ,orre f 

Go, both you and the old men— 3 144 25 

1630. irfiv naOeiv tp^avreg • dptcelv xp*j v rd6\ cic 

irrpd^afiev. 
Before you suffer after having done [some- 
thing]. It is meet for these things to suf- 
fice, as we have done. 3 144 26 

1631. el d* ir* ov fwxPiJV yivotro rtivd' dAtc, fox ' 1 ' 

fuO* av— 
But if there is still not enough of these troub- 
les, we shall receive — * 144 27 

1634. [Although, says II., Wakefield's aKovrioai is 
not inappropriate, yet dtrarOioai seems to 
be said correctly; for it means nearly the 
same as dpetyaaOai. But such in never its 
meaning, and if it were, " to pluck a fool- 
ish tongue" would be here perfectly unin- 
telligible, where the sense required is, as 
Wakefield saw, "to dart out a foolish 
tongue;" in Greek, /uz rata v ykuooav &kov- 
rtoai.'] • 144 33 

1 H. unites rude xolhi l<mi\ and understands utrre before fzajujoai— 

* H. adopts areixt *if ml x** }fpt>vrrc, first suggested by Franz. 

* H. now altera tp$avTrc xatpov, in MS. Flor , into ipsavTec upttlv, 
and thus rejects his previous suggestion, Iftiavr' unnipn — 

* So H. t instead of el 6i rot fin\0uv yrvoiro run cT ci/./r y' ixoipefr <***. 
observing that ri...ov are hero united, not ti... •>/>/, because ov is to be re- 
Isrrsd to sftir , not to c J — 



826 APPENDIX. 



31. ropbf 6e jKHTOf 6p060f*$ — 

A piercing agitation causing the hair to stand 

P. 147 L 19 



53-7. fxrrrrj <T hnoKonei A/*a? 
Tageia rovf fuv kv $dei f 
rad 9 tv ptratxiilu okotov 
pcvti ^poi'l^ovr' arvxrj, 
Tovf d' uKpavnx; r^« i*v|. 
Bat the sudden tahutco of Justice looks upon 
some in the light ; but the things in twilight 
remain for a time unfortunate; but some 
persons does night not perfected hold. 3 . . • • 148 C 

63-5. Tropoi re ndvrtf l* fua$ 66ov 
iiatvovrcf rhv x*popvori 
$6vov KoOapoiois loiev uv fidrrjv 
And all the streams from one raid, wetting 
tliorotighly a foul hand murder, would with 
purifying [power*] go in vain. 3 148 13 

69-70. dUaia nal urj 'patf npcTrov rv^aic friov 
fiia <t#pofitviM)i* alviaai — 
It is becoming to my misfortune* in life to 
praise [the deeds] just, or not, of those who 
bear tlicmsclvcs with violence— 4 148 18 

71. rftflffJtttJl' WJU-lfuiTM* 

'With the sorrows of tears under a cloak 5 .... 110 2 

- — ■■ ■ . - 

1 H. reads, with Bamberger, 0o?r«c for 0*»,J«r — 

* Such is the English of ihc Liiin version by H. of hi* own text, 
where he has elicited j/vw<V«» , r' an'X't fn»m rpoiuorr' u\fj in our MS.. 
and xporuoiT' tv\ if in another, and rejected ,i,n'u, found after u\tj t»r 
rf.YV in MSS. That the author, however, did not write wh.it H. has At- 
tributed to him is shown by what is generally the be»t tcU, an unintcli- 
gihle literal version. 

' H. adopts I#achmann*s oWrorrrr in lieu of jlniroi'Ttr, and alter* 
KtOaipovrrf iovcav urrjv into Knlhtftninic imtv uv fiurrjv : where /mrr/i* i« 
due to Heath, and KaOnpnimf obtained from Wu'/x7<o<, of which liain- 
bergcr said Kaflaipovrec was the elimination. 

* Such, I presume, is tho sense which H. meant to convey \iy his text, 
which he has elicited from dUuta tai p) dUaia fl^'awr* update ^ lo1 '' 
where npinov rvjair is duo to Schutx. 

* H. reads datpvwv v+tijuiruv, and unites doMpvuv ircvOcotv/in Ueu of 
imwpmt cT if* tlfmruw. 



328 APPENDIX. 

Lawk »*• 

O.Vh*> Tim 

137. *a2 rove *TO*oVra? avrtKCLxravtlv dixy. 

And to kill in return with justice, those who. 
killed thee* 1M50L33 

145-51. im ddtpv *avaxt$ 

dXofuvov oXofievy 

deairorp Trpof tpfta ya$ 

rdde tcdvvv * kok&v 6* 

dndrponov uyof dnevxerov • 

nexyptvwv X°" v > K ^e 6t fioi OFpag, 

sckv\ w 6t<rtor\ i( dfiavpaf <ppevo<;. 
Send a tear with a shriek, miserable, for the 
miserable lord, at this sacred mound of 
earth; hut the pollution from libations 
poured out, to ward off ills, is an abomina- 
tion. Hear, O lord, hear the honors [paid 
to thee] from a darkened mind. 3 151 8 

153-6. 6 TO TO TO TO TO TO? dvTIOTp. 

6 TO TO TO TO? lu 

rtf dopvoOcrtfc dvijp 
dvakvTfjp dSfiuv 
ZxvOiicd re x f fl ftaAiVroi'a 
iv tpyy Pektj 'mndkkuv 'Aprft 
aX*& a T * avroKunra vufiuv £<0t/ ; 
Who is tho man strong with a spear, the deliv- 
erer of houses, and hurling, [like] War, the 
arrows [of the bow] hent back by the hand 
ill liatllc, and brandinhin^ sword* in clow 
quarters, together with their very hilts ? J . . 151 13 

175. ovx fpoov av Sah'pvra — 

Not less on the other hand to be wept for — 4 . 152 10 

1 H. adopts Scaligcr'a dvrttcuKTavriv in lieu of uvTutarOavrh: Hut 
Scaligtr'a reading was. as I ran testify, thrtK (irate Tuvrh\ found milmo- 
qucntly with a )p. in MS. Med. In Attic Greek naruKTavtiv could not 
be contracted into kuktqvc'iv. 

• Such is the Englinh of the I«ttin rrmion by H. of hi* own text, where 
lie baa altered fpv/ta into tp/ia, and r*'tAt Kamiv KrAvtiv r' iuio ruAr amIiw 
*a*vv «T, and uA)Vf into o)oc, and k>ac di fiot O.vr oi,ia( Cj into *>.tc <5« 
ftot ot'Jac kXv u — 

• Such ia the literal Ycrmion of the teit of H., where hr ha« changed 
f h X'poip into re jfrpZ, and vvfiuv fii^rj into vu/iuv {/ 09 v with Pauw. 

• H. adopU Enper'a «v da*pvru in lieu of ev dattpuru. 



330 * APPENDIX. 

ArfMSI lUfftfMM* U 

232-60. [Thcso nine verses II. assigns to Electro, to 

answer to the nine spoken by Orestes.] . .P. 164 1. 18 

275. T& fi*v yap rx yifi rftf^pniw luivipara 

For tlio angry feeling* of the ill-disposed [com- 
ing] from the earth 1 155 3 

276. rag <P aivuv vooovf, 

Praising others as diseases— 3 155 5 

281. [II. has put tlio verse commonly read here aft- 
er 4*>pof, in v. 284. So, too, docs lllomf., 
whoso name, however, is not mentioned.]. .155 8 

291. drxtoOat 6* ovre avXXveiv rtvd. 

And that no one receive him nor sail with him 3 155 18 

302. pL prefers in the Notes ei 6k /#?/, rax* eioofiat, 
to prevent elaerai being taken in a passive 
sense] 156 3 

316. ok6t<!> e>/o£ diTfftotpov 

A light, having a share opposite to [or " in re- 
turn for 99 ] darkness 1 16G 12 

327-9. Ttaripvv re teal tocoitwv 
yoof lvdiKO$ parrvn 
porrav, aptfukat^^ rapaxQeif. 
A just sorrow, excited in abundance, socks the 
turn [in the scale] for a father and a moth- 
er* 15C 18 

330.1. od'-iTTirvitptof 
OpTp*o$ 
This lament over thy tomb— 6 15G 21 

1 H. adopts Loheck's /iirrt/iara in lieu of /trt/ iy/tara — 

• Such is the literal version of the text of H. t which I must leave (ot 
Others to understand, if they can. 

• So H. adopts Uothc's interpretation of ov/?.\eiv — 

• H. adopts Erfonlt's uvrtfjoipov in lien of ioouoiftov— 

• Such is the Knclish of the Lit in version by H. of his own text, where 
he has adopted Kieiunnnn's ftmtnv in lieu of to ndv. liut TajXi\Ut}{ f lit* 
era II r "troubled," could hardly mean "excited." 

9 H. rcails M if M' in lieu of roic — for the sake of tho metre in the 
strophe, where is now retained <\v Uailcv — although ho oneo m>^ci«i« »l 
iytaOrv, asserting that tho opuitivo could be used in a potential sense 
without &¥. 



332 APPENDIX. 

Uh hi lUferwMv to 

V.TMl Tnuutellw 

384-8. rl yip *n>0- 

t>, <f>pevb$ olov Ifina^ 
norarai ndpoiOc npibpaf 
dptfivordxrov Kpadiaf, 
Ovfiarof lyicoTov, orvyo$ ; 
For why should I conceal how great a hatred 
of mind, mixed with anger for a sacrifice, is 
flitting entirely before tho prow of a heart 
dropping with bitterness! 1 P. 158 LG 

394. tXvrt 6i rb xffoviuv irpfrripa — 

And hear ye, tho honored of thoso under tho 
earth. 3 158 12 

401. opal reOv/uwv 

Ye curses of tho sacrificed — 3 158 ID 

406. olrrpbv rov6e icXvovoav oIktov. 

On hearing Uiis piteous lament. 4 158 22 

410-12. Srav 6* air 9 tnaXKef r/rop 
Otip&Q, 'nearaaev a\;oc 
Trpdc rb <f>a%*Eiv rl fioi KaX<of. 
But when again a vnliant heart plmll be bold, 
it lias displaced a sorrow, by causing some- 
thing to appear well to mc. A 150 1 



1 Such w the literal version of the text of H., where he ha* altcicd 
eVtov into olov, and deifiuf uttrai, in Hob., into dptfivoruKTov, and nupot* 
0ar Si into ntipotOe— 

• 8o H. f who now pre fern TrpoTtftn to n n/i*rl, which he once suggest- 
ed, in lieu of rertfth'ai^ and thin, too. after TtTtjvtl had l»ccn received by 
Martin, Bamberger, and Pa Icy an the very word of ..Lschvlus, or leading 
the nearest to it. 

' II. reads TrOv/teruv for o^ififvuv ; hut tuv could no! he omitted. 

• H. inserts from conjecture oiKTpbv lietween Kt'np and ronV — 

• Such. I presume, is the literal version which II. would have piven of 
his text, where he has introduced t)mp from conjecture after /rraA/e. and 
altered Opapf \r\\o 0tipny % and flyiof to toivrlaOat pm into ~\v*r rb Qavriv ri 
/a*. To fret, however, at the presumed sense, it would he requisite to 
write w/Ac roO in lieu of rrpoe to. But as even H. confesses the wholo 
passage to be in a desperate state, it would have been, perhaps, wiser to 
Lav* left H untouched. 



(94 APPENDIX. 

whole Terse wu perhaps to this effect : 

** Hearing of the insulting sets done by these 

parties, in jour thoughts—"] 
455. *Apfff 'Apei (vjt,3a?M 

Wir shall conflict with war— 1 P. ICO L 20 

475—6. *dyw, irurtp roiwvoV oov %pttav tx u 

rvxttv, fiiyav irpofOttoav AlyiaOu $06- 

I hare a need of meeting with puch things from 
thee, O lather, that after having placed a 
great destruction upon ^Kgisihciu — J 1C1 7 

493. §T«f <W°C irri&K ^"0&t 1-afaiv. 

Or gmnt tlicm in return to receive equal lay- 
ings-hokl P 161 29 

497 and folL [II. thus arranges the speeches: 407. 
OB. 498. EL. 499- OR- 502. EL. 505. 
CII. 508. OK-, and reads Avrhc 6e ffw^r in 
lieu of Avr&c Ah o&Ztt, niwl, placing '['1/17110 
before, instead of after, Kni /<iji', lie changm 
ap6fi#r/Tov 6e nva tvv into afit^^ rvvi' 
tnt»dTii*—] 1C2 7 

034. pL, after Abrcscti, assigns this verse to OIL]. 102 20 

635. airrq frport'rj£ E C 8 *^' «" y* orsipaTf 

She gave herself the breast at least in a 

dream.* 1C2 30 

540. pi. thus arranges the rpcrehc* : 

CIL So mny it be 1 but explain tlic rent to 

thy friend*. 
OK. Tlic story i. n w\u,y\" one. I tell tl.i* 
pen-on to go within, and oti.'.ri Ui do 

1 H. aiiopta I'uw'i fr/i-h/rl for em '«'?/«. 

■ H. aucn rwu'rir on «■}(<» in Tufn»:i into -nC.'» *■*■ ijpi'ir, 
and MbatitutM hi* own #*,«■. for «■;*.;. the m.;.;. '■;.• n '.("'.V.i-r 

* H. adopts Xa»in*e**>.«-fe'i , ..f */ fl w-. ■/.., r<r<r. i« i'.v..r, i'h"lr 
p. «M. ...fit ruc^^of )«(- Jf , ;.,>,'■-.. „„j k'|i >■,.[, Sll...ff.„n 
wbeu it ippun itui ia.fpf vu ippiie-l in iba lijinj-Wd <.f ivh other 
W wnllin whto utcy am on the gri.n-J 

• H- raads fe ^ ***4«r. » !«■ of f, f— 



336 APPENDIX 

LhMlii g i f iw m U 

OTM. T w iilrt ■■ 

587-92. oAJl' irreproXfiov dvdp- 

b$ <pp6vtjfia rtf Xoyta 

teal yvvaiiubv Qpdoet 

TXrjfiuvtJV 7rat»roA/*of? 

Ipuraf draiat ovin'ofiovf pporint, 

ovtyyovf 0' dfiavXiaf ; 
Bat who will tell in a speech (he over-daring 
thoughts of a man, and tho loves of bold 
women, and their cohabiting under a yoke, 
tlie fellow-livers with very daring calamities 
to mortals 1 1MG4L22 

693-4. OijXvKpartfc dnrnuro^ */mj? itdpa rcUp 
KYuddXwv re k<u pporuv. 
The love, that rule* in female*, is present un- 
lovely in a contest, in the case of monsters 
and mortals* 1G4 24 

593-6. laru 6* SfTif ovx trrdnrepo^ 

<ppovrioiv t rav dazio* 6 TraidoAvj*- 
or rdXcuva Oearidf ftfjoaTO, 
nvpdatjTtv 7rp6voiav — 
Let him, who is not with fliphty thoughts, know 
the fire-burning plan, which the wretched 
child-destroying daughter of Thcstis knew 
and contrived — 3 1C1 2G 

604. oAAov d* kariv kv Xfryotf arvyiiv 

Another tliere is in stories to hate — * 1G5 1 

605. t \0pb>v vTToi 

Induced by foe? — 5 i Go 2 

1 Such is the literal -ersion of the teit of II .where he han altered >/}oi 
into /6)y, and fyxaiv into 0(*ifri, and adopted from one M.S. ~<u 7u'/fu,ic 
instead of ravro?.ftmx% and rejected *ai after r/i^wxuv on coverture 
And be has thus given up the notion he onre promulgated, even ..ft < r it had 
been adopted by hU admirer*, that rir /i\m could Iwj united without uv. 

• Such, I presume, is the version of the tcit of II., where he h.-m alter* 
sjd, with Vietorius, ut/owtoc into uT/y>c*rof, and r<i/*ii*Afi into rru/tn vriny. 

• 8urh is the version of the text of H , where he has altered rW/c tuv 
into tUv 6ario\ and rf/1007 riva into frv,ift<ij/nr — 

• 11. ahers 07 tiv' into <T tcrrir, an he had suggested at Soph., (Ed. K , 
688, and adopts Canter'* u/./.av for u/./A — 

• So II. in the teit, but in the notes observes that Porson's C*ep for 
fastis very ape 



It 



• nfrur rtf* hemtpmmm dayeftw *aA£, 
dw^ fiX6& tort*, AlyioOov 0ia*. 

I make thb third adl far the comiagtoat of the 
■Uu of JEgbtheuo from the hoooe, if indeed 
hkhkmify to straafom 1 P. 1C6 LS 



• r 'WJW • • • 

the ruler of the roof 166 13 



661. «lttf ydp iv Xkputtv 

For ■Mjikrtji fa peaces of public resort* 166 14 

•87, oVeaftay r* ipnbum itmpouota 

AadlhepwwnceoftoodlbrjitpcnK»e l ,*> 166 20 

#77. el *)£ ««r f dspe? , ImneftSf wapOovfieOa. 

Wee! wee! we ere dtetiujod utterly without 

;• 167 6 



680. pL tnuemeece thio verse after r. C82, and 
read* atro»>Ao?> "be stripe me naked," in- 
etead of ebmbAefc, "thou strippest me na- 
ked,"] 

664-6. eiv <T, iprrp tV d6fiotot (buty'ias (dXi# 
lofrpbf iXmf tjp, napoveaptyypdftt. 
And at the aame time he (Orestes) writes down 
ae present the hope, which wae the cure lor 
the etem of drunken pasML 4 167 IS 



• H. edepte Daojeofgor*e rtmKng sad interprrtation. Out enrh a 

as* he surly abated from the Creek; for *oA£ could not be 

namaerger fcariee it ceald, to Che Iwa accueativee, /«- 



eMeojoi sad BSmm. 
ML 



p e OT r ye pj rwr in lies ofiwrapx°( in HSH. 

• H. edepte Ympefi7J*x***** ** Itxprimv— 

4 H. altera efloo'rwr into Aftirriup, referring to Hreych. : 'Ofiwvq ' 
fpefj* *Oftwwtm' rikfuruui' T>pxwim' nupn^hpoe Tpnfq. 

• H. foods JeeuftSr in hen of h *agf of in MM .. and /WWo* «* in 
Twa* tad issjerko that Amour, which eleewhrre nieane •• nut of nuffer* 
iaa.** as s h e w a hy ffaridee in 'Kereftrtf. here means •• immediately," 

Sack ie the Engfieb of the Latin vermnn by II. of hie own fit, wliere 
he hot shared v*V into edr, and adopted Ktuper'm #>«< tor *a'/fyc* while 
■Bfte to esptem the paaaago tbua altered by earing. '* Me (Oreetee/ 
the hope la he paooaot, ainea he ie preeent buoeelf, although re- 



S40 AFRROIZ. 



it 



gqpfaf vd wfiflaW t» 
atontmipoiC fvtgy 
Gnat tint events may turn out well to those 
awdJne tint temperate matters may be do- 
cUotywaU.' P. 170 LI 

VTft-4. ami ihu» «iv Imp 

avLejaMa^™ 
JLeeordfaaj to •?mmo% I hate spofc m every 



170 S 



Place, O Zeus, Mm within the home before 
ms foes' 170 4 

7S1-7. fagp «T dsdoof/ ettev nOUn* rirr- 

wmiai *»% tV oVofiy 
irpeptAnV f*Tuov % rbt mv 

rvfrr Ml* y&rtdow 
d»oaurw Ihfufow Sptypa. 
Su pp or t thou the orphan colt (oflfcpring) of a 
beloved men, yoked to the car of calamity ; 
and place thou a limit to hie race, 00 tlwt 
thie eoffl may 000 again that tho endeavor 
of his paces may, as they cease, preserve 

170 8 




UL xv., 107, sad reject* fftnrrdf, found in tho Venice MS. accord- 
em* le ViMeioen, sad adopted by Ubmf. 

■ 8e H.» when ri **j[*lv i* due to Bamberger, in lieu of ddf rt'ftof 61 
m T+x*** UMf lu e ni oufyowreo Maioftrvotf lAeiv. 

■ H. foade see 6Uw w&* in lieu of 6ib AnOotu in MS3. t where nuv 
is das le tarar. Bet ami SUav i* an /fcolUm, never found in Tragus 

it ie in the Comic fragment* of tho Doric Epi- 




• H. sdspts SeidWe T*r hu$rv in lien of «* 
•Sack 61 



las Eagliah of the Latin version by H. of hia own teit, 
ht has adopted Pauw'a lege for fo0<* ami altered r«V ok into nV 
m% sad aVftrtsao hue yvfacoW. To myself the Greek and tho version an 



34t APPENDIX. 

803-0. t4 d* iXm' Jfi^od 

■ do-aoiro* d* ftrof Aeytnr 



■KPvCW' MWW J* firoc «w 

SS. .pS r' iw»™. mdrS^po, 
and* tj^epaw 4* ovba> aH a ta y E gT efj oc. 



He, who gave the oracle, will abow forth what 
wan dark t but, by quaking a word not to 
bo awn through, bo bring! a night and dork- 
nem bofera the eyes, and during the day bo 

knot aura doarJ 1*. 170 1.20 

806. awl toV Mn, toti ttAowtov oloouev 

AadtbenKrw, then, wo ihall bring wealth*.. 171 1 



And at tbo nine time we abnU place in the 
city a M rain stnick on the lyre-airing, by par- 

■on* lamenting* 171 

' WO-11. — rd o" ti 

tjgun* 4«o* npdor owfei too* — 
Bat anaira, by turning out well, incrcoao this 

my gain. 4 171 

013-10. od da Oapo&v, Srav {an fUpog Ipyvv, 
fwoteur rt Opoovaav 
wpoc. e« — iwnw — mnpdf 
irtpatvav ferf/ioudov avdav. 
Aad dn then boldly, when shall come [thy] 
■hare in deed*, luring heard her cry out to 



La 6ai'et xflli"* 1 upvurit, he read* ru A' aXa' tl/iQavcl 
rpfcur, and uji thai iptrTTil lion ere|* into tho Inl front tlio Srhol, ri 
it iprrri rtr eavrpuart. Dut if the un>o ii what I haTc mppntcil, cor- 
f«et Greek would require xpV" a ! i ""J hence, pcrliapi, xpy*."* "»"•' be 
J "if ba wloheait — " 

k k the Ikcta) Tenion of the text of H., where ho hni aupplied 
from conjecture, and rlicitrd Tor 1 r/dij rare from Far* i><), without 
f that ear* fdf ia Dlonincld'i luirccMkin, and utill Ira thai nir* 
eatnet Creek, ami tint rurr mold nnt lw related after ror" Jify 
a hi the Vrtakaj of the ten of H., which ho hna (riven in lieu of 
djaaa) jr * a ra> j**TtZr *°f** prOfanfiir *nXei, where M in line to Jllnmf. 
' * H. akrra ri l/tir i/tin trpinf alfirat rode into rd 6' ti l^ovr' lubr 
ajajarajjw ree\ anawerina. to the BchoUaat'a aiplanatioa, rd aMt 




844 

87S. -p*r dfcjc imrXtfYfUinc. "** 

atnASmOy'.TT.. V. P.171L87 

891. — ■ ■ ul itmpmtvtit pot ceJUSf/ 

ABdUwttadiMtdibwtmiraU.* i.... 178 16 

808. dJU' «!*■' <W-f • ■ • 

B«t fUta eqtull^-) 178 40 



898. ■- - nil K t wfc w Tptflgr; 

vw«l oval*' Avon* (itacrtyotv 
And * rdeeaa froae the inueUng of chatteb bj 
twopoUaton 1 175 1 

And the true daogbtor of Zone hath toothed • 

head in belli©-* 175 4 

943-8. iyvif hp* P»xbv xfknfy o IIvAof 
fi rWy^i A e i r ftwf trap" fovapaj? 
Boldiiej the greoirecm of the earth, the Pyth- 
ian god at the hearth* of tin mid-navcle— ■. 175 7 

948. [After the Supplement, mentioned in the hut 
Note, IL hoe mnrlced the Ion of the root of 
the firet antistrophii, end Iho commencement 
of Iho •oeond Uroplnl] 175 7 

948. f^ who once attempted ont of fcr" 6x0u d^ev 
AS6ku$ oVUof to elicit hta$tw; ioUa, and 
wbecquan tly in' ^Opofcvoir; A6Jmoi v 6&kta, 
end man recently eV Ijfipb^pov' Irate*, & 
&&XU at faktav, hn» confessed, nt hut, hie 

* So H.mdo, partly with MR. Mnl.initcu] of irpif &'*»v *r*Xi(YfirviK 
la Tern*. Bat moot murnllr ■ dmneolle oorwni of .ICftuilicui would 
■mm km mU Oet the neck *r djteemntfa hod hem Mruck jimUj. 

■ 80 H. in the tail) but In tb* note* lio prefer* hi* own xap-jvtisac 

it for him 

conjecture Man brtwron rW»> »nJ itmirrtpotv — 

H. eoopU Paaw'v 8 t> mixt\ ««J >» U»e n°""» prcfrn Scoligcr'o 
i n rff - l telr f nw m . 

' M. itttn to IhU place Iho fragment, w bo Imnfrined, of jKoehvlui, 
Peiwried h> Made* Ptothw, p. WW i • IW-t ptm ^f Omt fliC* *o^ 



1 H. neat «!' tie' inrtrul oi>* JU' do*. How out * 
W rani H| An* 1 , '■ Do not rioub out—" 



S4C ' APPENDIX. 

tta. aszt 

Wfc [Atom mUv fmpfda, H.be% withMeineke, 
fatradneed eight venae, commonly found aft» 
ar*o«friem*,wv.996.] P.176 L8 

991-6. twoStw to arjewm +M"K **¥ 

/Iter PCfUQu* ryoV y • to dofoyian 
woJUod? towpto mXXi Ocpfiatvot jpcva. 
fhnb a thfaaj of trickery a man, who chooU 
would pow—> and he, who pro©- 
MO P cytoWng lift, would with this 
cnftiaea* doetroy mmaj persona and warm 
hk heart.' 170 22 

Aiyfaftwydp o4 A£yw ^«5pav. 
For of the fete of ffgiethaue I aay nothing— 1 176 9 

Aeiethclaw> 176 11 

996-7. 4 #m dead tf£pomt / dr 9 ^ioV l^v 9 

itpmv ftyevo 9 to piXXov, ov &*Afflpbn\. 
Doea the not eecm to you, whether alio were 
mtnmlly a munena or a viper, to produce a 
rotting by touching rather, not having been 
bitten * 176 U 

1001. orp. 

1009. v9r aftrto mlv& . . . 

Now I praiee myself • 17G 32 

leasee). With tejrard to the etrango compound tvirpotuiroKoira, it nci* 
flhar ia, aer ceaU be a Greek word. 

1 8o H. reads with a new punctuation, and by adopting Lobeck*s 0rp- 
fthm ffhm 9 and rejecting DindurTs Brpa* uvot oorvi — 

9 H. prefers Upt in Schol. and Tuntrb. to i>tyu in MSS. 

9 H. Btalefs «c vrijear, in Canter** edition, to «f Wtfiov — 
• * • Seen is the English of the Latin version lry H. of his own teit, wliere 
ha baa w e fcn od Meineko'e V H eoc dWi to hi* own Ov not oWj, and to 
TI aw eascf hi MSS. ; and be haa received from Ilob. diyoOS ov. and 
~ M fllnef earlier 

9 H. faada aM* for sard*. Dot atretr is never need for ///avrdv, as 
Pl im n i l d have correctly remarked. Hence H. ahouki have 




L 



THE CHOEl'HOIU. 847 

1013-16. ovrtf luporruv doivrj (ttorov 
dia ndvr' evOupog dpeitftet, 
t£kvop, 1$ u6)fiov 6* 
6 pkv uvrix', o <T vorepop, yfyv. 
No one of voice-dividing beings ahull jmiss with 
good spirits through a life wholly harmless, 
my child ; but one has rushed on the instant 
to trouble, and Another subsequently. 1 . .P. 177 L5 

1017. ukk' (if «" MTjt% ou yap ohV orrtf rr.Xn — 
But that ye may know — for I do not know 

where [things] will end — a 177 

1018-20. ti^rrep $i>v iTnroig ipnoarpotfiov dpopov 
tfartpu) tprpovoi yap vuc&fievov 
<f>pEve$ dvfaptcroi. 
Feelings ill-controlled carry [me], as a char- 
ioteer overcome, together with his horses, 
out of the course. 3 177 10 

1020-1. ~pb$ fie Kap&iav (jto&os 

fithiv eToifiofi ij 6 9 vrropxt'toOat kjwtm. 
And fear is ready to sing to the heart, which 

[is ready] to danco with the noise. 4 177 12 

1028. [After Tmptvra 6\ II. puts the mark of an 

nposioncsis»] 177 20 

1029. Toftj yap ovnq nryuirMv TTpo$0i$erai. 

For no one will touch upon calamities with 

an arrow. 3 1 77 21 

1 So II., with the view of equalizing the antistrophical measures, hag 
introduced from conjecture rrnvov after tl[tfii}ici, mid vnrrptiv bcfnro 
y$tv, and altered un/ioo upeixfterai into cvOv/toc ujirfyet. He either got 
the idea from, or suggested it to Erfurdt, who, in the Hridrllwrg Journal 
for 1800, p. SJIM, proposed to insert tlkvov, and, with Schutz, tor£/>oi',aud 
to read f rr^oc— 

* H. adopts wo uv rlttyr't ov ytip oW, as suggested by Empcr and Mar- 
tin, in lieu of aA/oc dv tidj) tout' up\ in MSS. 

* So H., by taking away the stop after l^urfpo — as if ytlp could thus 
he found after the seventh word in a sentence — and by adopting SchuU's 
ijvtotrTpoQov in lieu of yvtorrrpo^ov. And yet how cany wan it to read «Lc 
y&p and Qrpovmv ipl instead o( li^nrp and Qepovm yup— 

* H. reads, with Empcr, y 6* vnopxtiaOai /cporw, where Kpnry is duo to 
Abrcsch. Hut o> could not thus follow the relative y, although it might 
if, in the sense of uvrrj. 

* H. adopts Mcincko's wporftfrrai in lieu of frpofiferat. But in this 



848 APPENDIX. 



i lUfmoc* It 

O.TM> * rmmm Hr'frr 

1034-6. ovd 9 i<t*<mov 
dXXjj rparreaOai . . . . 
Nor as a person at tho hearth to turn by an- 
other road.) 1M77 L29 

1036-7. r& 6* iv xpv™? P°l *<***<*£ 'Apyriovf 

htftapTvpeiv y fieXe 9 tnopovvOq teased. 
I say that all the Argives will in time testify 
in what way unhappy evils have been fur- 
nished by mc 3 178 1 

1039. [After this verse, II. has, with Foley, marked 

with asterisks a lacuna.] 178 3 

1046. nolai yw aliceq a/cfc 

What women arc these—? 3 178 8 

1048. rivef at duiai, QikraT 9 dvOpumw narpl 

What visions, O thou dearest of men to thy 

father— 1 178 11 



1053. Ik rdvdi aot rapayfid^ £? ^peiw? rdrvri 

From these a perturbation falls on thy mind 5 178 17 



formula tho perpetual phrase is iQticvcloOat or npo^mvtiaOai. Hcnco 
Schutz's l$i$eTat, adopted by Dlomlicld, in. preferable. 

1 H. elicits uXXij from t'Mrjv, and retains Iqianov in MSS. But I 
Confess I do not understand how a person, who was at tho hearth, could 
be said to turn by another road, without any mention being made of tho 
place to which Orestes was to go. 

• H. alters ndl fiupivpeiv poi itevfXeuf tvopnvvOtf *a*A, in MSS., into 
ixftapTvprtv n pile* tnopcrvi'Oti *a*d, anil thus rejectn bin former reading — 
«jc fii'kt* — adopted by Paley. Ho conceives, however, that something has 
been lost here. 

' H. has given iroiat for A//u<t?, as he had tacitly corrected in his Dis- 
sertation attached to his edition of Aristotle's Poetics, p. 224. Hut he 
should have adopted Snval rather, an I micuented on Eum. 06 ; for tyual 
could scarcely have been corrupted into to* ai. 

• So H. in the text ; but in tho notes he gives up his previous alter- 
ation ntirpac for irarpt, although it had been adopted by Schiitx, and 
proposes to read ^i/.mr f uvOpuirov, Krap 2roo/?ovffn\ Hut hat! h<* 
turned to mv note on Eum. 06, ho would have seen that I had already 
suggested ^/Aror* ivOpviruv, irepi, which is nearer to ths old narpi than 
*~ ! s *ro/>— 

• H. reads 001 for 



THE CUOEPHOIU. 



LtMli 



849 

H*IWTlBf« SJSJ 



1056-7. elf aoi 1 KaQapnof Ao$iov 6i npo$(ky&v 
ikevOepov at T&vdc TtijfiuTW icrloet. 
There is ono purification for thco ; and laying . 
hold of Loxins, it gliall render thco freed 
from the*) calamities. 2 1\ 178 L 20 

1066. fi6\0oi rvOarrp. 

Wretched troubles. 3 • 



178 29 



1 H adopts elc ooi 9 elicited from tlco' 6, in MS., by Erfunlt and An- 
iens. 

* H. retains xrhei ; but he docs not explain tho syntax, which, as 
Ritschl saw, requires tcriartc, if wpofOtv&v is to be applied to Orestes ; 
and so it must be applied, for assuredly the purification did not touch 
Apollo, although it came from him. 

• H. emits u Ovforw, as he had suggested in Opusc I., p. US. 



S50 



APPENDIX. 



THE FURIES. 



lUftrmf* U 



6. Tiravl$ dXXrj, ndl? XOovfy — 

Another Titanian, a daughter of Earth 1 . . .P. 179 

21. [Alter dvaarporpal II. has marked a supposed 
lacuna by asterisks, but without assigning 
any reason for doing so.] 180 

32. f eel nap 9 'EAAr/iwi' tivf.$ — 



L5 



8 



14 



And if there are present any of tho Greeks— 2 180 

45. Xrjvci itryitjTo<Ho<}>p<h't,)$ larFUfirvov — 

Crowned with wool in a very modest manner 3 181 3 

50. [After rvrro/f II. marks the absence of a verso, 
which Wakefield first attempted to supply 
from tho Schol.] 181 7 

55. pcyxovai <T ov irXaaroim Qvaidfiamv. 

And they snoro with breathings not feigned 1 . 181 10 



1 So H., with Stanley and Wakefield. 

' So H., with AUrvsrh. But rru/xi i* never found with a plural noun 
in the tense of nupcioi, nor is tho laxt syllable elided when it is united to 
a noun singular. 

* H. reads ueyinToauQpovuq in lieu of ftr^iftrtft ouQpm'oc, and refers to 
fUYurroTtfiOf in Supnl. 679. Drake, in his recently published edition of 
this play, would read /jvci fih' tic ~?> nwQpov i^rtrrrfi/ihtj, where fdv is 
due to Hemstcrhuis, as stated by Valckenaer on l'hcrn., 1)94. 

* H. retains ir?.a<rro7m, which every one else, sinee the time of Sehutx, 
who first proposed ir?.araim, had rejeeted ; and this, too, wit I tout H 
explaining what he understood by " uot-fcigned breathing* ;" as if the 
breathings of tho Furies would bo represented in any other light than 



THE FURIES. 851 

Ltatla M»Unmf Is 

56. Ik cT dfifuiruv Xeifiovot ovyfuXtj ktfkt 

And they diaiill disagreeable rheum from their 

eyc»» P. 181 L 11 

61. fit} fieraoTtv&tv novov 

So as not to groan oiler its labor— 3 181 15 

70. [After II. had, in Opuscul. VI., p. 23, asserted 
that rreoovoai was a nominative absolute, lie 
discovered that the aorist principle could not 
be so used ; and hence he conceived that a 
verso of this kind has fallen out : 'Hv Toicde 
toIc Optivotatv doOevel? txdpa, t. «., "In 
these scats hero aro weak."] 182 

72. Nvktoc TraXatai TraiJfC 

Ancient children of night-— 3 182 7 

79. /3f/3(dl'T , dv % del rijv TrXavoonftTi xPova — 
Stalk in<: through tho earth ever-trodden by 

wanderings — * 182 12 

95. orftn rot Zftr rod' ttcvofKov orftas, 

Zeus reverences this honor of lawless per- 
sons— 5 182 27 

1 H. adopts my A/Ja, which he call* an egregious emendation, although 
he once labored to defend /i/ar, the reading suggested hy Sophianus, in 
lieu of foil, and by so doing misled Wcllaucr and his followers. 

* H. adopts Arnald's ttvvov for worwi*— 

' H. adopts Nr*r«V in lieu of Tpaia, the conjecture of Valckcnacr ; 
but how such a mistake could have arisen it is difficult to understand. 
The poet evidently wrote Tp<ua f iru?.ui r' u7ra<o>f, as I suggested thirty 
years ago. 

4 So reads II., and compares Plato, Lcgg. VIII., p. 832, c, upxft vtiv 
tlei Tivt fiUi. Uut, though del might bo thus inserted between avv and 
rtvi, it could not be between mV and ti). Moreover, as fh>iuv is an Kpic 
form, it can not be shown to be a dramatic one by quoting, as II. docs in 
its defense, the Lyric Pindar. 

• H. retains IkvA/iuv oi t }ac, and renders Uvn/tuv "lawless,*' since Sui- 
das explains 'Kkvo/ioic by irapavoftotf ; and he observes that the wholo 
passage means that pity is not wanting to tho wicked, when asnisted by 
a faithful companion. But how such a meaning can be elicited from 
the Greek words I must leave for others to discover, especially as 
H. never hit upon it, when he suggested, in Onuscul. VI., p. 26, txvo- 
£iuf, what ho hat subsequently rejected, even after it had been adopted 
by Dindorf. 



853 APPENDIX. 

Ism Is RtfrnoM to 

•.Twi Tflaii—. 

99-100. civ .... 

flvetdoc; . . • • 
A disgrace on account of whom— 1 • P. 183 1.5 

106. Spa 6i itktfyaf rdgtie icapdiaf 60ev— - 

But sec these blows of tho heart from whenco 
[thcyare]* 183 10 

108. h iffumi di fiaty uixp&ommuq (frprixjv 

But in tho day tho lot of tho mind is not fore- 
seeing— 3 183 11 

117—18. dxovoaO'* c5? lke(a rift Iptfc nepi 
ijwxTft. QpovfpaT 9 —- 
Hear ; since I havo spoken of the danger of my 
souL Itefloct— « 183 10 

122. </>iXoit ydp claiv t ovtc ipol, npo$ticTopcf. 

For to relations, not to me, there are deities 

presiding over suppliants 4 183 22 

128. rt <XOi TTCTTprtAfTai— 

What deed has been dono by you 6 184 1 



1 H. has edited uv for uf, as suggested by Wakefield and Tyrwhitt. 
Dut how oveidof 6v can havo that meaning, I can not under- 
stand. 

8 Sueh ii the literal version of the text of H., which Mullcr would not, 
although Dindorf would, receive ; while Scharmann is content with icoo* 
Otp eiOev, found in three MSS., nn I had edited long ago. 

• H., in lieu of /J/k>tuv, reads what the Schol. lead* to, tyxvuv, whoa* 
words arc r/ rttf Qpei'fy /io?/wi ov irpooptf Iv iiurpQ. 

• H. retains ur, which Schiitz had altered into uv — 

•So H. understands this passage by altering tftofc into ipoi. But 
QiXotf does not mean " relations ;" nor, if it did, would the ghost of Cly« 
tcmncstra speak of her son, who had murdered her, by the t.tle of £//oic ; 
HOT, lastly, could irpo^iKropr^ mean ■• presiding over suppliants," unless 
the name of a deity was introduced. The alteration and interpretation, 
it teems from Pa ley's note, arc due to Mullcr. 

• II. retains niirpaKTai, despito the fact that neirporai, suggested by 
Stanley, is confirmed by Ti yiXp irctrowra* Zpvl wXi)¥ uel uparttr i*> 

618. 



THE FURIES. 353 

UMh Btfc ww f 

Q.Tut Twilli— i 

140-2. ov <T alpartipbv m'evp,' tnovpioaea Tyd* 
tnov, fuifxiLve fovripoif dtu>yiiaoiv 9 
drfiu) KUTiaxvuivovaa^ vifivo$ rcvpi. 
But do thou gentling to this ]>erson a favorable 
breath blood-flowing, waste him away by 
second pursuits, making him thin by a va- 
por, the lire of the belly 1 r. 184 1. 10 

1G5-0. ff/wroDrrfCi to ttup 6Uu$ nkiov, 
(povoki^tj Opofipov 
Ruling over the blood-distilling gore, altogeth- 
er more than is just 3 184 27 

174. Ifioi rt Xvnpbf Kal rbv ovk ^ffAvorroi— 

And ho is both grievous to me, and ho shall 

not liberate him 3 184 84 

176-7. rTorirporraiog uv 6' trrpov iv Kapp 
ltid(J7op\ rariv /)i» f mineral. 
But being impious ho shall possess another 

avenger, it is whom, on his head. 4 185 2 

187. rra/oW re \;Aovr/f 7/<T dnpunua KaKuv. 

Tlio castration of boys and the climax of 

ill— 5 185 11 



1 Such is tho literal version of iho text of H. t who ha* altered r£ into 
7V<r, through his conceiving, what lio could not support by n winkle pas- 
sage, that tuhV could thus end olio vcwo if tho next began with a vowel ; 
while, to prevent the ambiguity that would arise from ryJ* thus coming 
before rir//«,"», ho ban changed the order of verses Ml, 2. 

* 8. adopts Wakefield's Opofijov for tyxn'or, and unite* Opofifiov with 
«p« ro err re. 

3 H. reads r/inl for na/tol, and Applies r«h\ in tho sense of toCtov, to 
Orestes. But, hail J^Hchylus alluded to Orestes, ho would have written 
rather rovtc r\ not nal rov— 

4 Such in tho literal version of tho text of H., whero he once wishod to 
read lanv oi»— 

• H. adopts the emendation suggested by Fritxscho, Tlai&uv re x%°v*>iC 
ijiV uKpavia kcikuv, to which he was led, as the son-in-law of Hermann 
should have staled, by my correction, Uaiduv re x /n *' vl C Ka * ltati< ^v 
uKpcjvia. For /)o> is a Homeric word, never found except in corrupt 
passages in tho extra-choral parts of Greek tragedy, as Valckonacr was 
tho first to remark, whoso doctrino I havo supported sufficiently against 
the objections of Porson. 



554 



APPENDIX. 



0.1** 

100. Xevafi&v re ku\ /ivsovoiv . . . 

And perrons moan a ntoning— l • . . .P. 

103-4. iv Tolftie nktjfjioiot XI )r l aT1 U^ 01 ^ 

In thaw neighboring oracular ahrincs— * . . . . 

199. dkX 1 el$ to nuv tnpa$ac t <l>g navalno^ 

Bui you singly liavo dono all, as being the en- 
tire cause* 1 • • 

212. Kai nap* ovdev fjtce aoi 

And of no account havo come to you— 4 .... 

219. rb fitj rivtaOai fiTjd' frxonrevtiv Kurt? 

So as not to punish nor to look upon them 
with anger — 5 

226. Ttpaf av fit} avvrqive rag i-fiaf V^W 
Do not cut short my honors by abuse— 9 



230. 



•KaKKWTiyCTW. 



And I hunt him out. 7 

236-8. ov irpofrpvTTaiov, ovcP wfoifiavrov x^f* 1 
dXXoiatv oiKOif koI rropevfiaoiv fiporuv • 
dXX\ dfipkvs ifiq 7Tpo$TiTpiitfit:vov pvao? — 
Nor uncleanscd as to hand in other houses and 
journcyings of men ; but already blunted as 
to a pollution, worn down — 8 



H*ftr»*#ts 

SJ IMBWWWWv 


185 L 12 


185 


17 


185 


20 


18G 


13 


186 


10 


18G 


26 


18G 


30 



187 2 



1 H. retains Xrvapbv and unitei it to /irCotwv, an Kiihncr wished to 
<fo. Dut those scholars should havo produced at least one passage to 
prove that /xi\ovoiv could be thus introduced between re *ai and oi& 
Turpov. 

• So H. retains xltjaiotm, and refers nXqmowi xpV 0TT ll } ' i0, { to the 
places near the temple, where the Chorus were then supposed to be, after 
laving heen driven out of it by Apollo. 

1 H. reads, with Canter, r/c for r/r, and retains cic against Wakefield's 
t/y, which Dindorf attributes to one Martin. 

• H. reads r/xe 001 in lieu of i/pxiau in MSS. 

• II. adopts Mcinckc's alteration of ynroOai into rlvtndai % and en- 
deavors to support it by fKd. C 994, el irnrr}p a' 6 nmvuv i t v [vulg. yj 
rivoi' uv ii'dru^. But he (or^oX that as rirrtfifat is •' to revenge one's self," 
it could not be applied to the Furies. Had, however, as is the proposed 
reading, it is better than nirroOui, " to bo in poverty,'* formerly suggest- 
ed bv Schutz, and adopted by H. 

• ll. reads V"') V for Ao^^— 

1 H. has edited Erfurdt's K^KKinrjytru in lieu of KuKKwyycrrjc in MSS. 
9 Such is the literal version of the text of H., where ho transposes two 



THE FURIES. 855 



o. Tiit. XtmtlMkm 

253. Opa, Spa fui\' av, Xtvaai rs iravro— 

Look, look much again, and look at every 

thing— l 1\ 187 L 15 

254. & <T avrt: y 9 dktc&v Sxjup — * 

He having protection aguin— 187 17 

257. vnotiiKog Oekei yeviaOai xpeuv 

Is willing to become amenable in a lawsuit for 

debts 3 187 18 

283. [The verso Xpopo? KaOatpel ndvra ytfpdaKcjv 
ofiov is considered spurious by II., as it was 
by Musgravo ; and so, too, it is by Dindort] 188 80 

289. dkX 9 tlrt X&PW & v t<5ttoi£ Aiftvarucoif 

But whether in the Libystian places of a coun- 
try 1 189 5 

291. rlOtjmv bpOhv ij KaTtjpeQij iruda. 

Places her foot erect or covered—* • • 189 C 

£99. dvatfiarov ftonKtjita Toii'de 6aifi6v<t)V, 

The bloodies* food of these deities 189 13 

310-11. tov$ fuv KaOapaf 

KaOapCx; X F -*(x i S ^povtpovra^ 
On those who put forth purely pure hands 7 • . 189 21 

340. dOavdruv d/^' £\;«v yrptif — 

To have honors apart from the immortals 8 . . . 190 4 

▼crscs, and renin ftvaof instead of re wpof, which ho once changed into 
rrufM*;, adopted by Schiitz and Itcisig, and subsequently into re ir/rir, *• 
others likewise had done. 

1 H. alters Xcvootrov into Xevooi Tf— 

' H. reads avri y' instead of avrt yovv in some MSS. t and atiri / 06* 
in others. Hut ye could not thus follow avrr. 

3 H. in tho toxt adopts Scaligor's XP C " V * but in the notes ho prefers 
Xeptv. 

4 So H. reads with an antiptosts — 

• So H. in the text, explaining Knrrjpt^fi by " cloudTCovcrcd" — for he 
probably remembered the cxprosMion in Horace : *' Nuhc candentes 
numcrns amicius" — but he observes in tho notes that my «ar<*> 
Qtpq, from which Fritzscho got his KarrjQepi/, is not an improbable con* 
jeeturo. 

• H. reads ruvdt oVi//iorui% rejecting oku\v after Saipovuv as a gloss. 
7 H. supplies tcaOapuc after ttaOaptlc — 

■ So reads H., where yipac is duo to Evers, as stated by Mullcr, in lieu 
of^cpaf— 



856 APPENDIX 

Lsm to S«f«i»M* to 

SJl YmS» XimsIaims* 

848. naXXevKuv ninkuv 6* ayepaorof dpotpof 
dxktipof hrvxOr\v. 
And I have been formed without tho honor 
and tho share and tho lot of very white gar- 
ments. 1 P. 190 L4 

353-4. M tov, u, diofttvcu, 

Kparcpbv dv 10' d/wiitf 
uavpovpev vtov aA/xa. 
Alter whom, alas ! pursuing, we render equally 
obscuro the young leaping, although it is 
strong 3 100 8 

355*7. tnrevJhnivf d' dfeXtlv rivl rutfe firplfivaf 
Moi/i 9 areXeiav ifiatat kirdif tmicpaivei 
lirfi* elf uyxfuaiv tXOnv. 
And for me, making a libation to take away 
from some one these cares, Fato Iius accom- 
plished a non-efficiency to tho prayers ad- 
dressed to myself, and to come not even to 
a trial. 3 190 10 

358-0. Zet)? ylip dnfiaroarayi^ dfidfuaov l0vo$ 
Tode A#.axa$ 
d$ arrr/£«io'aTo— 
For Zeus has thought this race, fear-shedding, 

hate-descrving, not worthy of his converse. 4 190 13 

363-4. (Hfxifopii Tawdpopois yap 
tcuka-— 
For limbs are unsteady to tho quick running . 190 15 

366. raKSfievot Kara ya$ — 

Wasted away below tho enrth fl 190 17 

* H. supplies from conjecture u)f/wi<xrof before ufimpo^. 

• Such !■ the Kn^liidi of the I#atin version by H. of his own present 
text; for, in Optisrul. VI. 2, p. 73, he had su^cMtcd another reliction 
of the passago which is commonly read at it* close, fiavftoi/iev i'v' ado- 
rer veov. 

9 Such is the literal vemion of the text of H., who has altered turn* 
SSfUvai into eirmtyitVp, and rtva into Ttvl. Hut what he understood 
himself by tho passage, as thus edited, he docs not slate, nor can I dis- 



* H. niters alfiarotrraytf into oVi/iarorrrayfrc — 

* H. inserts >-up, as Polcy was tho first to suggest. 

* H. reads xarik y&c, for aurik y&» as Paley first suggested. 






THE FURIES. 357 

O.Tcit 



3b4-5. In 6i ftot 
\itvei ytpat; nakaibv 
Still to 1110 remains the ancient honor 1 P. 190 L31 

397. Kukotf aKfuiioig ruvd* im^ev^aa* <5\;ov. 

After having united this cur to limbs in their 

prime. 3 191 9 

405-6. ktyeiv 6* upopipov ovra rovf txikaq no- 
kG>$ — 
But for a person, who ha* no cause of blame, 

to speak ill of his neighbors— 3 191 15 

40G. [Although 11. has in the text ?/cV dnoararel 
Otftt^j yet in tho notes ho prefers the read- 
ing of Abreseh, ij6* dnoOTaru Orfitf.] . • • • • 191 16 

452-3. not k (bote; dypev/taaiv 

Kpv\jmn\ a hwrp&v HrpapTvpn 0orov. 
Having concealed with cunning means of cap- # 
turc, which witnessed the murder at tho 
bath— 4 192 23 

452. el (i?) n rdvtV rp^atfii rove; InaiTiovg 

Unless I did something to the parties, who aro 

tho causers of these things.* 192 28 

4G2-3. to npayfia fin$ov if d rt$ ohrai rods 
ftporb^ diKa&iv. 
The matter is greater than if any mortal tliinks 

to decide this. 193 32 

1 H. inserts from conjecture /uvei after ftoi. Ho formerly supplied 
Icrtv after nalatbv — 

1 H. adopts Wakefield's kuIoic; in lieu of iru?.o/f-~ 

* Such in the Engliidi of the Latin version by H. of his present text— 
Acyciv d' ufWfiQov ui'Ta rov? ni?.a{ k<iku>c — where ho has adopted ufto/i* 
Qov from Hob., ait recommended by Elms), on Med., p. 93. 

4 H. ha* edited K/ntyao*, u ?.ovTp&v l$ifiap-ri>pei Qovov, as he suggested 
in Opuscul., lorn. iv. f p. 339. Schocmann, however, and Franz, prefer 
KpiTpaoa, ?.ovTptiv d' i^rfiuprvpei ^ovov, as I had edited long ago from tho 
conjecture of Scaligcr, whoso supplement of o" after kovrpvv has been 
confirmed by three MSS. 

* So H. in tho text ; but in the notes ho proposes to alter el f/y rt 
TurtY fpSatfit into F.l fit) avrt6pCtv lp^at/u ; for he saw, as I was the first 
to point out, that there was nothing to which ruv<k could be referred. 

* H. reads ptKov ij el f/c olrrat, where after /ulfrv ho has inserted #, 
which ho onco conceived to be unnecessary. See my Poppo's Prolegom., 
p. 200. 



858 APPENDIX. 



466-7, aXXof re *o2 av fitv Karrgnvici^ Aptyioif 
iKCTtft irpo£TiXOe$ t *a0ripoc dpkajjirft dfyuHf 
tltoif * dfiofupov tivra d* aidcvfiai nokit. 
Especially since, after having been worn clown 
by runnings, thou hast come as a suppliant, 
purified and guileless, to my house; and I 
feci a pity for a person, who is without blamo 
from tho city. 1 P. 104 LI 

469-71. ical pi) rvxovaai irpdyitarof vuctrftopov, 

Trcdu neawv ityryrro? aiavtj voooq. 
And not meeting with a victory-bringing suit, 
hereafter poison from our thoughts, falling 
on tho ground, [shall be] a disease painful, 
not to bo borno by tho country. 3 104 4 

473-3. ratavra /jcm rdd* iariv • d}i<f>67epa fteveiv 
ni/meiv re, 6vgrr/jftavT* ci/ii/^riroic; tfioi — 
Of such kind are these things ; both acts to re- 
main and to send, arc, as being very calam- 
itous, without a plan for me. 3 104 7 

474—7. tnel d£ npayfia tfrvp' IniaKi^tv rode, 
<(>6vb)v d/ffci0rc2c 6f)Kiovg alpovfih'Tj 
otfieiv KeXruou twi> t/i£>v dardv ndkiv, 
Oeoftbv, rbv f 1$ uttuvt* iy£> 0//<7u> %p6vov. 
But since this matter has come, like a thunder- 
bolt, hither, I will, after selecting sworn 
judges of murders, *order tho state of my 
citizens to rcvcrcnco* tho ordinance, which 
I will lay down for all time. 4 101 8 

■ So H. transposes tho tcwi, and adopts Apt'tjtotc from two MSS. in 
lieu of 6/ir>f, ami hny't<;, the conjecture of Linwood and Franz, in lieu of 
Spuf, and altera alfwvfini into aiAoi/tai — 

■ Such is tho literal version of the text of H., where ^w/vi [trr* at7><r, 
the conjecture of Wei lauer, elicited from x&pai firr' oMc in MSS., has 
been adopted, even though the verb required for /of in wanting in this 
sentence, and in the preceding one another verb to agree with rvxovom. 

' Such is the literal version of the text of H., who ban adopted Scali- 
ger's ovcjny/iaiT* in lieu o( rirf jrr//iar*. 

• So H., partly in the text and partly in the notes, where bo has given 
the Greek words ZiJetv tcr^rvtru tui> tfitbi* a<rruv n6).tv t answering to 
the English between tho asterisks. Hut that iEschylus, or any other 

ri, would havo written tuv fftuv unruv truX/v, even H. himself, were 
alive, would scarcely havo undertaken to prove. 






THE FURIES. 359 



t.b»lB Mm m tm U 

Q.TtM. , Tim dill m 

479, dpuyti rTft oixtft 0' opK&fiara. 

And oaths the aiders of Justice 1 P. 104 L 11 

482. upxov ^opoiTas pq&.v IkAikov 4pdonr. 

Giving an oath not to say any thing unjustly, 1 194 13 

495. trttiT* tipijau fiopov. 

I will send every destruction. 3 195 4 

496-500. ttcCwtoi <T a/.Aoc dkXoOev, itjpoftor- 

uv ra rtjv 7cika$ Ktuca, 

A ii$i v vrruAvolv re fioxfkjv 

dnea d' ov fitjlaia rAd- 

fto)v fidrav Tra/H/yopri . 
Ono shall hear from one quarter, ami another 
from another, while proclaiming the ill* of 
neightors, an end ami remission of lalwrs, 
and an unhappy one vainly advises remedies 
not linn. 1 195 5 

510-12. foO 9 Sttov rb deivov av 
rtf <f>p*v£)V imoKonov 
da/iai'tl KaO/jttevov. 
It is whore a ]>crson will ajrain dread what 
is terrible, that sita as the inspector of 
thoughts* 195 11 

5 1 5- 1 G . rif d£ ft i/d* ■ v kv Met 

xapdiav Zt' dvaTpt'<tHM*— 
Who nourishing not at all his heart still in 

fear— e 195 13 



1 II. adopt* \VeIlnucr*s uftwyil r/)f d/\;/c (T ttpKuytara; hut tho copula- 
tive could not he thus rouiid after tho third word in n sentence. 

1 So H. elicit* xopovruc from rrcpdvTa^ by tho aid of tho Scholiast's 
(fiouyrae, and adoptti MarklaiuT* Ofxlativ for fy*aiv. Hut 6paov nuftrtv 
in not a Greek phrase ; and, if it were, it would mean, like upnov dtrforai, 
" to tender an oath to another," not " to make oath/' as tho reading of 
H. would require. 

3 H. tacitly retains f^jjmj, to which not a few criticn have justly objected. 

4 Such iif the literal version of H.'s last re fiction of tho text, which dif- 
fer* hut slightly from tho equally unintelligible ono which ho hod given 
in Omiscul.' VI. 2, p. 82. 

* H. ban now edited av in place of n\ which he had previously re- 
tained from MSS , and ho is now content with dctuavci, which ho had 
previously altered into Art fitveiv. 

• H. adopts diet for euri, as suggested by Auratus, and inserts if bs> 
foro dvQTpcfvi 



860 APPENDIX 

62^8. U 6* iryida? 

ai ty>e\>u>v 6 ndfufukos 
not nokvevKTOf okfio$. 
But on tlio other hand, after health of mind, 

wealth all-loved and mtich-praycd-for— l . P. 195 1.10 

543-d. rbv diTirokfiov tie <pafii kuI napaifidrav 
rd noXMi iravrwpvpT 9 dvev 6Uag 
/fcaicar ovv XP^ lP V Ka0i\ouv 

And I say that the man of opposite boldness, 
and n transgressor, 3 [as regards] the majori- 
ty of things all confused without justice, 
will the sail let down with violence in 
time— » 195 26 

856. tlr* ovv didropof TvporjvtKtj 

Whether the piercing Tyrrhene trumpet— 4 . .196 7 

860-63. oiyav dpi'ryn teal ftaOelv Oea/iovg ifiov$ 

teal rbv diuxovr* r/d£ rbv ifxvyoi'O' d/J6>f 

trokiv re nuoav, el$ rbv alavTi xpovov 

Ik tCjv6 9 ottojc av ev KarayvuoOq diKr\. 
It is an advantage to bo silent, *and for both 
tho pursuer (plaintiff), and the flyer (de- 
fendant) equally,* and for the whole city, to 
learn iny statutes, in order that the suit may 
be decided upon correctly by these for all 
time. 4 196 9 

1 H. alters Qpevuv 6 nuot Qi?>o( into av 6prvuv 6 Trii/i^tAoc— u 

* H. has edited, what he proponed in Opuscul. VI. 2. p. 84, (fulfil gal I; 
Kapaiflurav, and rejects his previous Qtjfii napiltirav, although the latter 
has been adopted by his followers, little dreaming that they would bo 
eventually deserted by their guide. 

9 Such, I presume, is the version that H. intended of his text, where 
«<tr£ is to be supplied before ril wo/.?A ; or ]>crhnps ho meant /.aifof to 
bo tho object, not the subject of Ka0r)o€ip ; and, in that case, the version 
would be, " will let down tho sail." 

• H. marks hero a lacuna between aiaro/mr and Tt»p<TJ7v**/), which, he 
says, can not bo supplied in any sure manner; and though he conceived 
thit his own supplement, proposed in Opuscul. VI. 2, p. 85, K/V ovv 
diunTup Aiuropoc Ttyxr^i'txr), is not unworthy of the poet, he has not 
shown what he understood by AiuKTu/i, limn Mantling by itself, and ho 
has oven confessed it is a word not to lie fou« I elsewhero. 

8 So H. has marked in the text a lacuna, which ho has supplied in the 



■f"" 



THE FURIES. 861 

Iam h lUfcmt f I* 

O.Tvti. Trni~V'Ti 

566-7. Ion y&p v6p(o 

j For by law this man is a suppliant— 1 P. 106 L 15 

I 570-1. : ; aid 9 ctfaye, 

i Smog t 9 intarp dUtjv. 

i Do you introduce tho suit, and, as you 

know 3 106 18 

r 

583. npbg tov <T kirdoQifi kai rlvog povkevfiamv ; 
By whom wcro you persuaded, and by tho 
counsels of whom V 107 15 

686. teal (hvf>6 y' — 

And to this date— 4 107 20 

588. Kdfioi y* dpcoyovg Ik rd<f>ov nip^et irarfjp. 
To me, too, father will send aiders from tho 

tomb. 5 107 23 

593. rlydp; 

What is this? 108 1 



notes with his own Creek — Kai tov Aojkovt' i/d*l tov frvyovff ft/tup— an- 
swering to the English between tho asterisks. But he forgot that //d£ 
was a Homeric, not a Tragic word, as shown on v. 187, n. 6, and that 
6uur is never, in correct Greek, used in the sense of dpoiuc. 

H., who once proposed to read kuI t6v6' uruc uv, and to refer 
t6v6c to Orestes, but afterward preferred Kai roiVcJe, has now sug- 
gested 'Ex tuvJ', which ho refers, with tho Scholiast, to the Arcopa- 
giics. 

1 H. adopts vow, edited long ago by myself, and suggested likewise by 
Erfurdl, in lieu of Aouuv, for which H. once proposed tfpuvuv, and »o, aft- 
er him, did Elmslcy on Med. 155. 

• H. read a *0;ruf r* for "Ottwc— 

3 So II. in the text; hut in the notes he says, "I have not thought 
proper to change npbc tov d' ixciodtjc, although rrpdr tov o> iretoVclf 
would como into tho mind of any one," where ho alludes to myself; for 
so I had edited and corrected kuI rfvor into iKTavtr, not only to avoid the 
tautology in tov and rii'or, but to complete tho sense. 

4 So II. in the text ; but in the notes ho doubts whether ^Eschylus 
did not write Na£ Aevpo y\ forgetting that Kai — ye ore frequently united 
with a word intervening, but val — ye arc never so. 

• So H. reads Kuuol y' in lieu of rrtxoiO', to which ho was led by find* 
ing in the Schol. (lorjOov^ Ku/ioi rrfftyjtei 6 rrarijp. 

• So H. reads tl ybp for rol yiip in some M3S.» and t6 y&p in others. 

Q 



363 APPENDIX. 

LlMfa lUfermrat* 

623. [After dedey/ievif II. has marked a lacuna by 

asterisks.] 1M98 L28 

643-3. tu <P aXXa ixdvr* dvu re teal tcdro) 

OTpetfHjjv riOtfaiv ov6ev dafiivu ptvet. 
But turning all the rest of the things topsytur- 
vy with a delighted power, he considers them 
as nothii)".' 190 17 



•o" 



655. [After A<o? II. hus marked by asterisks a lacu- 
na, first pointed out by Butler; and ho ob- 
serves that tho senso of tho missing verso 
was, "Ex capite Jovis onnata prosilicns." 
Perhaps ho meant to read, 'AKpov Oopovo' 
2vonho$ in tcparbf Aio? >] • • • 200 1 

673. doTtKuf Acwf — 

Ye people of tho city— 2 200 17 

674. [After £i>roD II. inserts a tristich commonly 

placed after CS>8, iv totto*?.] 

680. itdyov d 9 tymov tov6* — 

But this mountain-hill 3 200 24 

688-9. avTuv ttoXituv fir} 'micatvovvTUV* vdpovf 
Kaicdif i~tp()oai<H — 
Tho citizens themselves not making new laws 

by a vicious influx— 200 26 

692. [II. retains Trepiorekkovot, but without stating 

what ho understood by that word.] 201 2 

719. av Tot, 7TaXaia<; dtavofiag K(iTa<p0iaa$ — 

Thou then, having destroyed the ancient dis- 
tributions— 5 201 30 



1 H. alter* TtOrjmv olfov tlctOftaivun' urvti, read in some MSS., into 
rWtjoiv oi'cVi' tlafOTif) fitvei, and takes rWqoiv at TiOrjfii in Soph. £1. 1270, 
6aifioviov avrb riOrjfi* tyu. 

■ H. reads uttrutdc for 'Arrucdc — 

■ H. reads ope to v for 'Ape toy, and so, too, Dindorf. But the adjective 
derived from fy>of is dpeivuc, not option, in correct Greek. 

* H. adopts Stephens's Ittikoivovvtuv for IrrtKaivovTuv, putting a colon 
alter Ixiftfoaloi. 

• H. adopts (Uavcfidct ** quoted by the Schol. on Eurip. Ale. 10, first 
edited by Matthisi. 






s 



THE FURIES. 3G3 



4fSI0 IB H#Cmha#a 



760. Kairot y % av rjiulf tl^uv tiptvtorepot. 

And wo ourselves would be with mora kindly 
feelings.' l',203 L6 

774-6. Ibv lov dvrhcvO- 
ij fuOciaa Kapdiaf 
Sending down poison, poison, in return for the 
grief of heart — * 203 13 

776. — .^Otfi'iov, a<f>opov— 

Belonging to tho earth, not bearing-—' 203 14 

777. u dik(t f dinar— 

JuMice, JusticoM 203 16 

780. yeXu>fiai TroA/raif 

1 am laughed at by tho citizen*— 5 203 18 

781. disoioO' a "iraOov. 

Hard to bo borne are what I have suffered— . 203 19 

787. avrof 0* 6 (pi]oa^ airbg f/v 6 fiaprvp&v 

And he who ppakc, was himself the witness— 7 203 25 

780-90. vpaf 6i rot y\j ryde /irj ftapvv k6tov 
aK7J^jfrjT\ afeloat daiu>v OTakayfidnjifl 
But do not yo hurl on this land, like n thun- 
derbolt, heavy anger, sending off hostile drop* 
pings 9 203 27 

813. kcu tckydag oldu d(5/i rtro r fiovrj Orwv 

I alone of the gods know the keys of a house 10 . 204 12 



1 H. altera avroloiv f/fieic tttfttv into Kavroi y* uv r/pcic *fy" 
' H. adopt* iov, Ibv uvrmcvOq from three MSS. 
3 H. reads \(h')vioi\ ufopov for x^°vta^6pov. 

* H. repeats A/*a— 

* H. adopts ycXujiai, tho conjecture of Tyrwhitt and L&chmann, in liou 
of yfvv/iut— 

• H., rejecting what he had suggested in Opuscul. VI. 2, p. 101, reads 
ovfoirrfT u 'vattov— 

1 H. reads $r}oac for Otftrac in MSS. 

• H. incloses within brackets, as being spurious, fit) Oi'fiOvaOe ptjf 
uKap-'tav rn^tjr\ commonly inserted between OKr/jf'Tfr' and 6$cioai. Bui 
how those words came to bo inserted there, II. has failed to unfold. 

9 H. adopts Pauw's Aatw for 6aifiu\*uv. 

19 H. reads dufiaroc for 6upuTuv ; for, says he, it is not likely that Zeus 
would have more than one magazine of lightning. 



864 APPENDIX. 

U»ls lUf.i 

CJ.Tbit # Tm 

835. Kara re yav olxvelv 

And to go below tho earth — l P. 204 L 21 

830. ri$ p f vnodverai rig ddvva Tzkcvpaf ; 

What pain, what is going under [my] sides P. 204 28 

832. dnb yap fie npuv dpav— 

For from my honors — 3 204 25 

835. [H. agrees with Rothc in cd. 1, in considering 
tho verse Kairot ye pijv av icapr' epov owf**- 
repa as spurious, which ho had attempted to 
amend in OpiiHcul. VI. 2, p. 107. But ho 
has neglected to show from whence tho re- 
jected words could have come] 204 2G 

844. [After orakw II. has marked a lacuna by as- 
terisks.] 204 33 

848. prjd 1 Ik^ovo' <!>$ tcapdiav dXenrdpuv 

Nor causing to boil, as tho heart of cocks 1 . • • 205 2 

851. Ovpaiof £or<»> no\cpo$ ij p6Xi$ rrapuv 

Let war be outside the doors or present with 

difficulty* 205 5 

879. riva pe <t>fc $x nv *$pav ; 

What scat do you say that I possess t 6 ..... . 206 1 1 

890. o?ro7a vetKtig //// *a* //? t7ri(7nona 

Such as look upon a contention not bad 7 . . . . 20G 2G 



1 H. alters oUelv into olxvelv. 

• So H. repeats tho second ftf— 

■ H. reads upuv for Aaiaiiuv in MSS. 

4 H. adopts, in lieu of 1$c?mvo\ tho conjecture of Musgravc, iK&ova* ; 
which, ho says, is to bo taken in an active sense, as ini^eaev is in Eurip. 
Cycl. 392, Kal x^ Ktov Afjfyr 1 Int'Zcoev nvpi. 

• H. reads r) u6?.i{ irap&v in lieu o( ov pobif irapdv, and says that 
there is an allusion to the battle of Marathon. But why such an allusion 
should bo made here he has not explained, nor con I discover. Palcy, in 
his recently published second edition of this play, admits the reading, but 
rejects the allusion. 

9 H. retains lx €iv > which Elmsley had altered into Ifeiv ; for he could 
not understand Ix^iv, nor can I. 

1 Such is the English of the Latin version by H. of his own text, where 
he considers veUrjc as synonymous with vtiffotf. and ImoKoita with hri- 
pt&fruca. But vcitij is never found in ancient Greek for vc<ffoc. 



THE FURIES. 865 

LlM •■ l*fMMM to 

O.T.iU 



918-20. 6 6e fir) Kvpoaf 

fiapeuv tcktuv oxjk oltiev uOev 
nkrjyal 0i6rov npo^incuaav. 
But he, who docs not happen to bo a fabri- 
cator of grievous things, docs not know 
from whence the blows of life have struck 
him! 4 P. 207 1.7 

933. yovof d* del 

And ever let a race 2 — 207 16 

946. Kvpi' tyovrrs 

[Ye god*] possessing power over marriages 3 . • 207 26 

947. Oeai t\ J> Molpat, 

And O ye Fates — who are goddesses— 4 207 26 

971-4. dpa <ppovovoiv ykuaorjs dyaOTjg 
66bv ei>pioKeiv Ik tuv <po[$FpCjv 

TCJvAe 7TpO^G)TT(JV /Iffya Ktpdof 6/XJ 

roifde TToklTatf ; 
Do I not sec a great gain to these citizens, 
when they arc wise to find the road of a 
good tongue, from theso terrible person- 
ages? 5 208 7 

97C. Kal yTf tent rroki^ ApOofiiicaioi 

And the land and the state in uprightness and 

justice 208 10 



1 Such is the English of the Latin version by H. of his own text, whero 
ho has altered tovtuv into tIktuv, and supplied from conjecturo trpocr- 
nutoav after fttorov. 

* II . adopts <V dr?, which Musgravc was the first to supply. 

3 So H. renders tivpi' f,\oi>rrc. Jiut how such a sense is to bo elicited 
from those words I can not understand, and least of all whero Ocol U 
omitted. 

* So H. in lieu of Oeai r* u polpai — to avoid the necessity of uniting 
fXotTfr with Oeai — a violation of syntax that Kuhncr considers quito un- 
exceptionable. 

• So H. renders his present text, where ho has now adopted Pauw'g 
cvpiofcciv for cvpioKU, and rejected his former alteration, dpa fpovnvoa.... 
tvptOKrtf — where cvpioneic is due to Hob. — and this, too, after it had been 
received as the very words of /Eschylus by Dindorf and Paley. 

• So H. in lieu of nai yi/v kqX noMv dpOodUaiov-— 



S66 APPENDIX. 



O.Trat 



981-9. napOtvov (fnkaf fokoif 
tvtftpovovvrrq Iv XP^vu). 
With kind feeling* after a time toward tlio 

friends of the virgin their friend. 1 ...... .1*. 208 h 13 

006. #w/f*eT*r, x ti U }€Tr & uvOift InavthirXotfa 

Farewell, and farewell again— I redoublo [tho 

word]* 208 24 

1009. [After ixpeofivritov H. has marked a lacuna 

by asterisks.] 208 31 

1021-9. 6evp* Ire, ocfival, avv Trvpiddrrry 

Come hither, ye solemn deities, with the fire- 
devoured torch — 3 200 9 

1024-6. (nrovdal 6' £$ to nav Ivdaidcf oltujv 
Ilakkddof dorolf • Zevc 6 navonrag 
ovtu Molpa re ovyKarepa. 
Libations for all time together with the light 
of torches of houses from tho citizens of 
Pallas. So the nil-seeing Jupiter and Fato 
have come together. 4 200 1 1 

1 So IT. in lieu of tflni ovfpovov iTf^— 

• So H. in lieu of aMf, IrtrftsrAoiyu. 

• H. insert* oiV after ocuval — 

• Such is the literal and unintelligible English of the text of H. His 
Latin version is, " Pax in omne tempus cum lumino tcdaruin in tedious 
[Furiarum] Palladis embus. Juppiter ct Pares sic consenserunt." But 
otrytarrfla means " have come down together/* not " have agreed togeth- 
er, •* which would be, in correct Greek, <rvy*uTc$4v. 



THE SUPPLIANTS. 867 



THE SUPPLIANTS. 



Lift* la K*f«rm«i Is 

Q. T#»i. TwmIhIm 

8. dXk 9 avroyevel <f>v$avoptp 

But through a flying from men of the same 

family 1 . P. 210 1.5 

24. tea) PaOvrifioi 

And deeply-honored — 2 211 1 

38. a<f>F.re.pi^dfievoi — 

After having made as their own — 3 211 10 

42-3. Iviv 

j3o(V 

The offspring of the cow — * 211 12 

50-1 . — yovtuv lni6Ei^u) 

7TK7TU TFKfu'lpia 

I will show forth the credible proofs of pa- 
rents— 5 211 17 



1 H. miopia avToycvci QvfavoptQ, tho emendation of Bamberger, in 
Zcitschrift fur die AltcrthuiiiHwisiicnschrift, 1831), p. 878. 

* Instead of j3apvrifxot H. ha* fiuOCn/wi, which he refers to the heroes 
under tho earth. But fiaOvripoi would be scarcely a good Crock com- 
pound. 

' H. reads o$€Tcpi$uficvoi, as edited long ago by myself, in lieu of 
o$ere(H$ufAcvov, from tho conjecturo of .an unknown scholar, whom I have 
designated by L/i. From Hermann's words, "Scripsi oQercptSdfievoi" 
it would seem as if ho wcro tho original proposer of tho alteration. 

* H. omits r' after iviv, as I had tacitly edited. 

* H. roads yoveuv tnidcifa in lieu of rd re vvv £ir<dc<{< 



868 APPENDIX. 

Um b» W*ht*f Is 

•.Ifcst Imm UU — ■ 

61-9. yaiovofjioiai 6\ «J- 

eknrd nep uvra y (fxutiTat 
And what sliull appear, although being unex- 
pected, to those inhabiting tho land 1 . • . .1\ 211 L 18 

69. iir* drrb #A(i>pc5i> Trcrdkuv eypofitva 

Who routed from tho green leaves 2 211 22 

60. nevOel vioucrov olrov tfliuv 

In laments for tho ncwly-griercd fato of her 

haunts 3 211 23 

61. *o2 frvriOrioi 6i 

And composes — * 211 24 

85. Afcrrw rav anaXHv elkoBeptj irapeiav 

I tear my check, tender, warmed by summer 

heat* 211 26 

68-9. yocdvb 6* dvOefu^Ofiai 

With sobs I cull the flower of fear, while wait- 
ing for friends— 6 211 28 

73-4. vflpiv (T crt'/iM? (JTryoiTfC cv 
rrekutr 9 av trdiKoi v6fioi£. 
But truly supporting insolence well, will yo bo 

just toward laws. 7 211 32 



1 II. elicits yaioi'oftoiot from navravofioiaot. But yaivvofiof is scarcely 
m good Greek compound. 

■ So H. in lieu of cir* arrb xufx-tv norafiuv hypopha* referring to *?.«- 
pqlc urjA£>v.~..At\'dpruv Iv ntrd'Aoiot KaOKofievti, in Oil. XIX., 518 ; while 
to iypofuva ho applies diuKopivri in tho Schol., not perceiving that it be- 
longs evidently to KtpKijXdrov. 

' H. reads vcoiktov olrov for veev olxrov. Dut vcoiktov is scarcely a 
good Greek compound. 

• H. inserts di after fwriOqai — 

• H. adopts Empcr's conjecture eiXoOtpfj in lieu of vtiloOepi/, which 
Blom field mora correctly changed into NriAorpo^. Empcr's eD.oHrprf 
was first suggested by Dothc in ed. 2, and subsequently by \VinckeImann 
in Zcitschrift fur die Altcrthuimmisscnschaft, 1840, No. 167. 

• So H. in lieu of <iv6Y/i/Cryat det/iaivovoa +iXov{. But what is meant 
by uvdeftiZofiat deifia H. does not state, nor can 1 tell. 

T II. substitutes creyovrrc for ffrv) otVrrf , and vo/iocr for ynftotc, and 
inserts ev with Heath. Perhaps, however, by erc/ovrec he understood 
" concealing." 



THE SUPPLIANTS. $60 






7o\ Jfefff Aide 

By the straight-forward [will] of Zeus— « . .P. 312 L2 

80*1. TTttWo roc ^AeyeOei irdv <7*6t<*> fieXaiv^ 
p re ti; # vi» iiqwrnooi kaoig. 
Evcrj whero [tbo deriro of Zeus] shines, and 
oven in darkness and with a dark fato to 
people voico-dividiiig, 3 • 212 A 

88-9. (Uav d v otfof JjaAtf&t 
tov a?rovoy 6aifioviu)v. 
And no ono will cscapo tho violonco of the 

doitios, which is without trouble 3 ........ 212 9 

90-3. fivTjftov dvo> (ppovtftid trwf 
avruOev t$rrrpa$ev (p* 
ira$ idpdvuv ayv&v 
A mind above rememtoring has somehow 
from itself avenged altogether, from holy 
scats. 4 212 14 

90-100. Jt- 

av 6* drrdra iterayvovf. 
It shall know its fault, too late, deceived by 

our flight.* 212 15 

100. roiavra miOr.a ftekea Opeofieva <T fyu 



And I lamenting such wretched suffer- 
ings— • 212 16 



1 So H. renders his own conjecture Weiy for ti0eii) t referring to Ho- 
aych. KiOfia' dtKntoavi'tf. 

' Such is tho English of the Latin version by II. of his own text, where 
ho reads fieXaiva re n'^p in lieu of fie?Mtvai Hvvrvxat in MS.S., observing 
that £i*v came from some interpolator, who fancied that preposition to be 
wanting. 

■ So II. in lieu of ov rtv* l$oir?dZeL..Mtrotvov t where ovrtf is due to 
Auratus and uirovov to Wcllaucr. 

* Such is tho literal version of the toxt of H., in lieu of ijpevov avu.... 
tf uyvuv, where u<?' is duo to a V. D. mentioned by Spanhcim. 

* Such is tho English of the I~itin vorsion by H. of his own text, urav 
o** uTurp ftcrapoi^. But how thoso words can convey such a meaning, 
I must leave tor others to discover. 

9 H. adopts o** ty£, the alteration o( Engcr, for ?Jyu. But <F could not 
thus bo placed after the fourth word in a sentence. 

Q2 



870 A1TLNDIX. 

105. Kop0dv 9 avdav o> ya Kovvtif 

O foreign land, thou knowest well the word 1 .P. 212 L 25 

121-2. TOT^p 

navrdpxaf navroTrra^ 
And the father all-ruling, all-seeing, will in 

tho end of time kindly make— 9 213 2 

Artemis having a solemn visage— 3 . 213 6 

129-30. navTl de aOtvei dtoryfi- 
dig ifiolatv doxaXCxJ* 
And with all strength indignant at my being 

pursued 1 213 6 

136-0. el tie pr), pckavOcf 

?)Xi6ktv7Tov yevo$ * 



Zfjva rbv yd'iov — 
But if not, wo, a black-flowered race, sun- 

struck...to Zeus tho earthy — * 213 8 

144-5. (J Ztjv , 'IoDc ho fiijvif 
fuioreip' Ik Oeuv. 
O Zeus, through the hatred of Io, thcro is a 

hcavcn-soiit anger a scckcr-out." 213 18 

1 So H., whero yd Kovvtlf is duo to Doissonade and Bamberger, both 
of whom were indebted to my el ye Koweic, while KOftfidv* w, substituted 
by II. for Kupjavov, in evidently incorrect, since it was not tho land, but 
the word /JoOwc, which was ** foreign." 

* H. inserts uv before h\ and navrupx<*C before navroirrac, as in Soph., 
(Ed. C., 1058, Zri), Oeuv iruvrapxe, nuvTnirra. 

' H. alters ur7£a?.uc into 'Aftrcfitt ; but by no mistake of a transcriber 
could thoso two words be interchanged. 

* II. roads with Heath xavrl 6l aOvvei for leavrl it otfrpovoi, and changes 
sWott^raf into u^aAu^'— 

* Such is the literal version of tho text of H. Dut as no flower is 
black, except tho smut in wheat, there could bo no such coni|»ound as 
/ieXavdec. The gl. in Hcsych. MrXarflrc * ftiXuv, is evidently an error for 
MeXavOiv • urXav. Moreover, since r/?.<6«Ti'irof would mean •• sun-struck,'* 
just as AtoKTVKOf means •• Zeus-struck,*' the expression fjlinKrx'Xov je- 
yof would signify only "a race that had suffered from a sun-blow," which 
is a very different thing to being merely •• sun-burnt." Lastly, sinco 
Tutov means ono who is " on the earth," or " earthy," it could not bo ap- 
plied to Pluto, who is " under the earth." 

* So H. renders his own text, where he says that /£, literally " poison," 



I 



THE SUPPLIANTS. 371 

O. T»it 

159-9. koww «P drav 

yaficruf oaf ovpavovmov 

I know the heaven-conquering calamity, which ' 

conies from thy wife— 1 r. 213 L 10 ' 



180. aldoia teal yofdwk fcal faxpeV ^rrj 

Words of reverence and moaning, and very 

necessary 9 214 10 

187. —to Tgrfr, Ktfpr* tnlfpOowv ywt). 

With regard to tills point, a wonuui is a thing 
very much cxpoecd to bhuuo 3 214 14 

104 and foil. [The* speeches are arranged as marked 
in tho note/ and tho loss of a verse indi- 
cated by asterisks, where II. conceives that 
mention was niado of a cock, tho symbol of 
the Sun.] 214 20 

214-15. 7ru>? 6* <h', yafiuv aicovoav aKovrof ndpa, 
aynV ywoir' dv ; 
How ahull a person, marrying n damsel unwil- 
ling from an unwilling, be pure? 5 215 10 

218. [After (5/jfa? II. has marked the lacuna which 
he had pointed out in tho Vienna licvicw, 
vol. C, p. 175).] 

222. nrrXoiot papfiapotm teal nvKaofiaai 

By barbaric droves and coverings 215 18 



» 



i 



is to bo taken in the sense of " hatred/' while by " a ncrkcr-out" wo are 
to undent ami "a pursuer of us." llut for never docs, nor ever could 
mean, by itself, •• hatred.'* 

1 Here, again, I have rendered into English tho T«atin version by H. I 

of his own text, where he has inserted /rue from conjecture. j 

* H. adopts faxptV as proposed by Bamberger, in lieu of rik xpei in 
Turncb. 

* Sueh is tho English of tho Latin version by H. of his own text, where 
ho has substituted ) tr? in tho place of )«Voc ; for, says he, from whenco . 
did Danaus, who had lately coiuo to Argos, learn that tho Argivos wore j 
inifOoiHtv vrvoe t 

4 A A. 'lAoiro.... XO. Ot?.otft\... AA. ptj wv.... XO. w Zrv.... 
AA. tcrivov.... XO AA. nal 'Atjvbc 

* So H. with tho common text, wbcra Dindorf has adopted my frarp6& 
for which, says H., there is no sufficient reason. 

* H. adopts wvKuopaoi, found in Lp., in lieu of wv*vafta«. 



I 



i « 
1 1 



872 APPENDIX. 

O.T«ct. TtaMUte. 

235. ovde KrpvKwv i/rro 

Not even by heralds— 1 P. 215 1.22 

230. povop rod' 'EAAA? xP&p avvt)aerai ordxu 
The land of Greece will comprehend this alone 

by a guess 3 215 25 

231* *al rdXXa rrov ft' hrentdaat dUatov rjv 

And the rest of things somewhere it were just 

for me to conjecture 3 215 26 

235. tj rtipbv 'Kpfiov fxifttiov 

Or a stuff, the preserver of Hermes— ♦ 215 80 

241-2. koX iraoav alav, fft di* ayvbq tpxenu 
2t/w/iwv— 
And all the land through which the pure Stry- 

mon passes — * 215 85 

242. —to npdf dvvovro$ t)ktov tcparu). 

That which is toward the setting sun, I rule 

over 6 216 1 

246. Tbh'og rdrrl rdSe k parti 

Of these on this side I am the ruler 7 216 5 

253. dvijice yaia fttpuraV dfcrj 

The earth sent up consolations for anger 8 . • . . 216 10 

1 Instead of or*!}, H. think* thnt <T!!i<chyIus wrote ot>rr, as I edited 
tacitly, teeing that ovdt could not bo introduced between inuf re and 
4k/*&v«k re. 

• H. read* fvin/jocrai in lieu of Zwoioerat. But the middle £1117- 
eo/iai, from fyviq/u, is not a Greek word ; and if it were, it could not bo 
united to cruxy. 

' H. reads nov // for iroAA' in MSS. 

• So H., who says that by rqpbv 'V.pfiod Ai/?rW it meant a "herald." 
But ho should havo shown how rr^idc cither is, or could be, a Greek 
word. 

• H. adopts aluv r/c <V from Turneb., and alters uAyoc into u}vdf, re- 
ferring to I'ers. 492, u)iov 2rynr/foi>or. 

• H. reads rd fur rvv ; but rd could hardly thus follow ndaav alav, al* 
though it is partly confirmed by MS. Med. 

1 H. elicits Tuxi rc/oV from runnra <V in Rob., and considers M rtidt 
as one word. Dut how ru tnl TiiAe could thus follow ruvAc he has not 
explained, and hence, in Prof. Hec, p. 39, he formerly suggested rwwk 
Kuirl T<i k parti. 

• Such is tho English of the Latin version by H. of his own text, 
pqvi roT uMff t elicited from prjveirat u*f in MSS. Dut he hat not show* 



THE SUPPLIANTS. 873 

Mm la t«f«f*M« to 

l* TmL TrMMtiita* 

258. S\ovreg t)6rj — 

Yo Laving now— 1 P. 216 L 14 

263. «al ravr* dktfl?i ndvra npogfpvaio koyv. 

And all these things I will tit to a discourse, 

that they may appear true— 3 216 19 

272-3. 'Irdovf t* dxovwv.... 
olfuu. 
And hearing of tho Indians...I think 3 216 25 

274-6. Kai ruv dvdvdpovf KpeoP6pov$ 'Aua£ova? 

KupT* av ytcaoa 

Vfidg . . . 
And unmanly flesh-devouring Amazons I should 

have conjectured you to be — * 216 26 

278-82. XO. Kkq(fovx ov "Up^C a(T * dvfidruv irori 

'Ia> yeveaOai ryd' iv 'Apytia xOovt. 
BA. i)v d>g fidhora, kqX (/xing rrokkjj k parti, 
fir) teal kuyog rig Zj/pa fuxOijvai (iporti ; 
XO. Kdtepvrrrd y* "Hpac ravr a rdfMTrahdy- 
ftara. 
CII. They say that Io was once the key-bearer 
of the houses of Juno in this Argivo 

land 216 81 

KING. She was as much as possible, and a 

great report pre vails. Is there not a 

report that Zeus hod a connection with 

a mortal ? 

CII. Yes; and that this intercourse was not 

concealed from Juno. A 216 35 

where ^viTaim; is to bo found, nor how /irfifirai* uktj could bear tho mean- 
ing ho assigns to thoso words. 

4 H. read* ?x ovTe C ln l' cu °f ^X ov & " v ln MSS. But lx nvTe C could 
not be united to c$cvxoio, unless the first sentence ho taken absolutely. 

1 So H. renders tho words of tho text, which mean, literally, " And I 
will fit all these true things to a discourse." 

3 H. adopts my oljuii in lieu of ehai— 

* H. changes Kai rilv in MSS. to k<u ruv. But as tuv is rot uv, tho 
particles Kai toi would have no meaning here. He next adopts Kptofio- 
p<>t>f, tho reading of an unknown critic, and of Lobcck in Paralipoin., p. 
260, in lieu of */>fo>ipr>rovf. 

* So H. by rearranging tho speeches, and by altering i/v into fjv, and 
teal KpvKTiL into KuKpvnra, and rdv na^kayfuiruv in Tumob. into tup* 



874 APPENDIX. 

Un to . lUfcrwr* |« 

O.T««C 



293. olarpov icakovoiv avrbv 'Ivayov iriXaf* 

They call it oestrum, near Loach us. 1 P. 217 L 9 

296. [After ikcto II. has marked the absence of a 

line by asterisks.] 217 15 

300. [After i-n&wpof II. has again pointed out by 

asterisks a lacuna.] 217 21 

322. r*Y 6* uv <pik£>v wvolro rov? KeKTrjfuvovf ; 
What person loving would purchase his mas- 
ters! 3 218 6 

324. val, dvfrvxovvTwv y* evpaptjs dnakXayfj. 

Yes, there is an easy liberation— 9 218 9 

336-7. Xvko61(m)ktov c&? ddfiakiv 

As a fawn wolf-pursued—- 4 218 22 

340. vevovO* ofuknv t6v6* dywitov Oeuv. 

This nodding band of the gods, presiding over 

contests 5 218 23 

346. ov 6e nap* drpiyovov fidOe yepaifypuv. 

But do thou with an old mind learn from ono 

born later. 218 80 

waXdy/iara. But what is the meaning of tho words, " Sho was as much 
as possible," as applied to Io, or " It was as much as possible,** to the re- 
port, H. has not explained. 

1 So H. f who says that as olorpoc is a Greek word, it is false to attrib- 
ute it to the Egyptians ; and that, if it be an Egyptian word likewise, 
it is absurd to introduce the mention of it here. Accordingly, he has 
elicited 'Uuxov from ol vtiXov, forgetting that the ei could not bo dis- 
pensed with. 

* II. reads $l>ajv for <pi?o\<(. 

* H. reads val for *al, but what is got by tho change it is difficult U 
discover. 

4 H. elicits XvkoHuktov from XcvkoSiktov. But neither he nor ant 
one else ever saw or heard of a doc crying out when pursued by a wolf; 
for, instead of crying out, it runs away as fast as it can, as shown by The- 
ocritus, ♦«') e if , ufnrp u/c nolubv Xvkov (iOpr/aaaa, and by Horace, •• Cer- 
▼us uti... .visum lupum fugics." Hence I suggested Xvtcu dtptcrdv, "seen 
by a wolf," or Awcy dquruv, » 4 bitten by a wolf." 

* Such is the version of the text of H., where v«W0' has been sug- 

Systcd by Bamberger in lieu of viov 0\ and roro" by H. instead of Tuva, 
ut how the band of the gods could bo said to nod under the shade of 
the boughs, it is difficult to understand. 

9 H. adopts my ytptuofpu* in lieu of yepa+powv. 



THE SUPPLIANTS 375 

UMh MlMMll 

O.Tati. 



347-9. mrriTpSiraiov aiddfuvof ov nevet 

• KaXXiiroTfiou Tv^af •• lepodotca • TreAei • 
{feuis kr^iar* air 9 dvdpb<; dyvov. 
Pitying a suppliant thou wilt not bo in want 
of a fortune with a good fate The disposi- 
tion of tlio gods is sacrifice-receiving from a 
puro man — > .P. 218 LSI 

384-5. kov pt'inoTe 
elrrq Xe£>f . . . 
And never shall the people say 3 210 27 

402. fujv aoi dotcei — 

Does it not seem to you— 3 220 G 

418-19. f ievet 6opi rtveiv 

dfioitav Oeptv. 
It remains for equal Themis to pay with tho 

sword' 220 15 

424. 07pi t 3/MifJt vairriKatmv <!>$ npo^pfuvov. 

As if fitted together by twisted naval [tools] 5 . 220 22 

426. Kal dufiaoiv [lev, xP T tt l( * T(t)V ^opOovpivuv, 

yevoir* av ukka kt^oiov &ib$ x ( ip lv i 

drTjf re fiii^u Kaivbv tfiTrXTjoai yojiov. 

And to houses, property being destroyed, there 
would be oilier things, through the favor of 
Zeus, who presides over property, and to fill 
a new freight greater than calamity 220 23 

1 Such, I presume, is what H. meant by his text, where all the words 
between the asterisks have been inserted from conjecture, and ov nevel 
elicited from oinrep, by tho aid of ov irruxtvoeic in the Schol. But how 
Xt/fiara can be said to bo Upo^i'ma, it is impossible to understand ; for 
U(to6ona is applied only to altars or temples, an I have shown in my noto 
on this passage. 

' H. adopts kov fjaj wore, tho alteration of Wordsworth, in lieu of xai 
fit} Trore— 

* H. reads Mwv ooi Sotcel in lieu of Mov oi 6*OKei— 

* H. adopts oVytf riveiv, suggested by Boissonadc, in lieu of tycucrtve tv, 
and reads dfioitav with Klauscn. Dut 6opi rivtv would mean " to pay 
for wrong by a spear," not •• to punish ;" while the Homeric form Afiottav 
is justly repudiated by Dindort, to say nothing of tho fact that Justico 
was not represented by the ancients as holding a spear, like Pallas, al- 
though she was seen with a sword. 

* H. reads npowpfiivov, tho conjecture of Scaligcr, for irpopjyfUuov. 

* Such is the literal Torsion of the text of H., where he has transposed 



376 APPENDIX. 

Lin* la Rrfrrcnr. U- 

O. T.rt. Tl«ui*U*. 

431. firj dXyelv, & Ovfiov ndpra Kivqriipta 

So that the things, which ore exciting anger 

greatly, may not bo a pain. 1 P. 220 L27 

437-8. tj tedpr* dvoucTOf rov6' ty£> napoixofiai. 
TTokXCtv okovoov repitar' aldoiutv kdyctv. 
CH. Surely I pass very much unpitied by this 
person. Hear thou tho finish of many 
modest words. 2 220 81 

441. — — rriV av yvvaitcl ravra av^npenrj niXoi 
These would perhaps be becoming to a wom- 
an' V. 221 1 

445. el fitj ri morbv tw<T vnooTtjoeif oroXty. 

Unless you shall undertake for this migrating 

band something to be relied upon 4 221 G 

449. ijtcovoa tiaKVtorqpa KapSlaf koyov 

I have heard a speech, a biter of tho heart. 5 . . 221 13 

464. W <5f raxtora rtjvd' tpT}ji6oao % Mpav — 

Go as quick as possible, and make a desert of 

this scat 6 221 25 



the second and third verses, And altered xPW<*ow /**" '* 6oftuv into AS- 
uaoiv fitv xpiftuTuv, and ye jieitu ical ply tfiw?.if<ja( into re /ic«$w KOtv&¥ 
ijiirX?/<jai, and adopted utw for dn/v from Turncb. 

1 H. has altered dXyetvu Ovfiov into fit) dXyeiv d, but forgotten to show 
cm what fv) aXyeiv depends. 

• H. has placed the verso *H tedpra veUovf rovf lyb irapoirarat, which 
commonly follows myiovw any, after yvufitjv //ij)v, and altered it into *H 
Ktipf uvoiKTof row?, although ho was content formerly, on Mod. 064, to 
lead Ka) mipra vtUovf, without any other alteration. 

• H. adopts Tux' ** v > the conjecture of Marckschcflcl, in lieu of n'^ov 
MSS., and he reads, himself, yvvatKl for ywamQv. But tho question is 
not about what would be, but what is befitting. 

• H. adopts, in lieu of vwootjo", my vflwrj/trnf, which he attributes to 
Wellauer, while Paley takes the credit of tho alteration to himself. 

• H., in lieu of ftuniarqpa, reads doKvicrt/pa, a word that is certainly not 
found elsewhere, nor probably could be. H. quotes, indeed. Pen. 669, 
crrrvt soi datcvu&v. But there it is easy to read iriicv' a? £ ; for u£nv 
is " to cry ai," as ol/tuKttv is •• to cry olfiot." 

• II has introduced this verse of his own composition, evidently mod- 
eled after Agam. 1037, *10\ w ra'Aatva, rovcT ifHyuioa/O* 6x*» i although 
bo smys himself not a word about tho imitation. 



THE SUPPLIANTS. 377 



465. dtp iv dyxdkcuf Xafiuv 
Taking back in [your] arms— 1 P. 221 L 26 

466. (ktfiovf npovdovf not noXvj-eorovf ttipa$ 
Altars before the temples, and much-polished 

scats— 8 221 26 

470. kcu yap rax* dv rtf oUrioaf, Idwv rate — 
For perhaps some one, feeling pity, after seeing 

these things 3 221 20 

4S2. /if) 0pdoo$ riicxf 0o>3ov. 

Lest [my] boldness produce a fear [on the part 

of the people] 1 222 1 



4S6. teal £t//i/3dAo*<m 

And to those who meet 5 222 5 

488. teal TErayfUvos teioi 

And may he ordered go. 6 222 7 

498. del d* dvapfcruv carl delp* e£aiotov. 

The fair of persons without a ruler is ever un- 
reasonable. 7 222 23 



1 II. reads fty for al\f>'\ for though Valckenacr had remarked in Dia- 
trib., p. 139, that dy was a word never henrd on tho Attic stage, yet H. 
asserts that the language of Huh play approaches rather close to that o( 
Homer ; an assertion it would ho dilhcult to prove, at least in tho extra- 
choral parts. 

1 H. reads noXvSctrrovc in lieu of rroXtooovxuv. But why mention 
should l>c mado of " much-polished scats," 11. has not thought proper to 
explain. 

3 So H. reads, as Lin wood suggested, whose name is, however, omit- 
ted, in lieu of elisrof t/ftctov radr — 

• So H. explains the common text, and rejects e«vov, proposed by 
Pauw and adopted by nearly all subsequent editors. 

• Although II. has edited £t>/</?6Ao<0<v, yet in the notes ho doubts wheth- 
er tho poet did not write £vjti/?oAovm f but without stating that tho samo 
correction had been suggested by myself in the Classical Journal, and by 
Valckcnaer in Not. MSS. 

• So H. in text, but in the notes he prefers kUi> the conjecture of Schutx, 
to tcim ; for the optative is scarcely intelligible hero. 

7 H. alters uvuktuv into avupKTuv, which he refers to the daughters no 
longer under tho rule of thoir absent father. 



378 APPENDIX. 



Lh*h tofcmawU 

O.Tart. 



600. dAA' ovn dapov a' ifepqfuiaet narfjp 

But not for a long timo shall father leave you 

deserted. 1 P. 222 L 24 

51 1 • mOov re teal yevtoOu 

lie persuaded and let it be. 3 222 33 

515. rd npbf yevapx<iv trnduv 

Looking on tho side of ancestors 3 222 3C 

520-1. 6ia$ rot yt'vof ev^o/ictf* elvai 
ya^ dim Tafd* tvoucoi. 
We boast to bo a race from this divine land, 

being settled [in it].* 223 2 

524. uaripof dvOovofiov? inamaf 

The flower-feeding lookings-out of her moth- 

5 223 4 



534. Avdia r' dv yvaXa 
And through the hollows of Lydia— • 223 10 

535. teal 6V vpuv KiXikmv 
And through the boundiirics of Cilicia— T • • . . 223 11 

537. yog irorafiovf devdovf . 

The evcr-ilowing rivers of the land 8 223 12 ; 



1 II. reads dapov a* Ifrprjuvoei in lieu of oVi/Wlv xpovov kpTjuuari— 

• So H. in the text, but in tho notes ho mentions the ingenious con- 
jecture of Lobeck on Soph. Aj. t p. 283=250, lUtOov u, nal yivu oy in 
lieu of nai yevioOv. 

• H. reads rd irpbf yevupxuv in lieu of rd ir/ior yvraiKuv— 

• H. retains d7ar, which Porson had altered into oV <if— 

• H. ail opt a tho interpretation, given by Paley of fiarrpof (u-dovo/jovf 
InunuCi and refers to .Stcph. liyz. in 'Enum), which was a name applied 
to Acrocorinthus, because it was tho look-out of Sisyphus. But as a 
look-out is always on the highest ground, and as the highest ground 
has the fewest flower*, and a* a cow does not, like a goat or a sheep, pre- 
fer the short grass upon high grounds to the long grass of low grounds, 
the interpretation of Paley seems to be perfectly untenable, and at vari- 
ance with Xeifiuia /?ot';r/<Aoi>, >4 a meadow with much fodder.** 

• H. alters rt yavXa into r* av yva).a, as Pa ley, whose namo is not men- 
tioned, had already suggested. 

T H. reads 6puv for 7ywW, forgetting that 6piuv is tho very word suited 
.to the mountainous Cilicia. 

9 H. reads /tie for rdf, as I hod edited long ago. 



i 



THE SUPPLIANTS. 379 



A. Tut. 



540. Uvtlrai 6' fygrtfM/Jiva fiikei 

And sho arrives pricked by the dart— 1 . . . .P. 223 1. 14 

547-8. dduvuif re Ktvrpodak* 

tjrioi Oviug "llfMig. 
And excited by the goading and destructive 

pains from Juno. 3 223 15 

552. Porbv K(uc6x<*pi 6v$x F P?f 

A cow disgusting, intractable 3 223 21 

558-0. oV a/<ji'oc Kfntov aTravrrrov 
irpaKTOip Twvd* t<f>diij Z*t5e\ 
Zeus, who rules through ceaseless ages, has 

appeared the doer of theso acts. 4 223 24 

560. 6vad* 



iraverai 

And calamity is stopped 5 223 25 

5G0-1. fiaupvcjv iV a?ro- 

a\ii^Ft TTtvOjjfiov at ho. 
And [she] lays open the grief-producing shamo 

of tears— G 223 2C 

57G. fvtf. ye nar^jp 

When the father 7 223 34 



1 H. alter* rictKvov/uvti into lyKtxptpcvij, and refer* to Prom. 664, 
Xpirt....fte....olftT(io{ 

1 H. roads KevTftoAalfjTtm with Erfurdt, and Oviuf with MS. Mod., in 
lieu of tfrrryx>d(M//roif Oeiaif. But ncvrpo6aktjrl^ in scarcely a good 
Greek compound. 

' So H. inserts hesitatingly Kanox<ipi before oVa^'C""- 

• H. reads oV uitjio? wilh myself, although my name is not mention- 
cd, and supplies from conjecture VfMiKTtap ruv6' tyfiVtf ZriYi similar to ( 
Kvttjuc tuviY i<nivri x,)uKnjp ill Soph. Trach. 802, and to ZrOc drov irpuit* [ 
tup oav>) in 2.M. j 

• H. reads dm for •?«'<!, and he might havo referred to my note on Prom. \ 
634, where I have made a similar correction. { 

• Such, I presume, is the version of the text of H., which ho has sub- » 
•tituted for Aaicpt%*v tV Qxotrrusti xMijiov atdu. Mis own explanation \ 
is, " Pudor cum doloro ct iacrimis conjunctus, quod forma liumana privaU % 
•rat." 

1 H. supplies tho lacuna by reading Evri yr— 



880 APPENDIX. 

LlMta MimmU 

9.TM # Th m IiII m , 

688. oqpoi; icparovoa x&p Snep nkrjOwerai. 

For which matter the prevailing hand of the 
people has become numerous. 1 P. 224 L8 

603. keyuv dinXovv utaofia npbf ndkeuf Qaviv 
Saying that a double pollution, appearing on 

the part of the city 3 224 22 

607-8. AfifiTfyopovs <P tXvaev evmOeZs orpofaf 
dtftios TleXaayutv. 
And the Pclasgian people set free the well- 
persuading turns of the public-speaker. 9 • • • 224 25 " 

608. Zcvf tii Kpdveiev rekof. 

And may Zeus perfect tho end. 4 224 27 

616. rdvde Uekaayiav 

Thw Fclosgion 9 224 84 

.618. —dpoTOif fv riAAoff— 

In other plowed field* 224 85 

625. 67oi> imdofievoi nprih'ropa ndvoKOirov 

Looking up to the divino all-reeing avenger— T 225 3 

626-7. (>$tic &v 66fio<; $xQ <*V 

en' 6p6<p(jjv lavovra 
Whatsoever house nhall havo it sleeping on tho 
roof. 8 225 4 

1 So H. in lieu o( \rip orruf wXtfOvvrrai in Turncb. But how 6nep can 
be governed by xXr/Ui-veTai, w© arc not informed. 

1 H. reads irpd? iruAeuf for npd jroXfwc— 

' H. change* r/jemwy into /P.rorv— 

4 So IT. in lieu of ZriY o> updvrtv r/Xor; for, lays he, how did Da* 
naua know that Zeus had brought the affair to an end ! A wish is rath- 
er required here. Hence he might havo read, Zrv 6i nuv tcpaiv' tt riXof I 
—''and do thou, Zeus, well bring all to an end." |j 

• II. reads ruvfie lle).aayiav for rtiv l\tXaa)lav % and rejects ttoP.u*— 

• So II. in the text, but in the notes ho prefers /i*«AAo<f, suggested by 
Pauw, to tv u/.?mi{. lint what arc •• the other" or " strange plowed 
fields," whero Mars is tho reaper, wc arc yet to learn. 

1 H. reads ici*tK70jta TruvoKorrov, with tho aid of tho Schol., A<<Vf oko* 
nbv rhv A*df 6$0a/.fiov rbv irtivTa OKorrnvvra. 

• So H. in lieu of bv ovric uv A>/iof tyoi eV 6ptM>ov fiiaii'ovTa. 
But if tho divine avenger wore sleeping on tho housc-top, it would ill I 
merit tho appellation of tho " all-looking," which H. himself had just 
given to it. 



TH£ SUPPLIANTS. 381 



UMfa R*MM»to 

Q.1WL Tw il l il l ia 

036-7. prfl % arams 

aiftarioai 
Nor let revolt blood-stain— 1 P. 225 L 10 

643-3. *ai yepapoloi irpeopvrodfaoi tipo0o6A» 
oif Ovfttkai ^keovruv. 
And lot tho altar-placeo, receiving old men, bo 

full with honored counselor!* 225 13 

644-6. t&? m>A/f ev vrftmro 
Zrjva pryav arftuvrwv 
tov ieviov (T vTrtprarov. 
So may bo well directed tho city of those wor- 
shiping the great Zeus, and tho highest god, 
presiding over hospitality. 9 225 15 

64 8-0. rdcrtaOai dr fa'ipovf yaf 

And wo pray for other produce of tho land to 

be brought forth 1 225 17 

6G2. npovofia 6e par a ya£ 

And may tho cattle feeding over the land 6 • , • 225 25 

G63. rb nav r 9 OdXoitv 

And may they flourish altogether— 6 225 26 



1 IT. adopt* arumf, which Bamberger would supply hero. 

* So read* H., innorting from conjecture npofiovhuc in lieu otirptftflv* 
toAAkoi yrfiovruv Ovpi'kai p?.rnvT<jv If. But why tho altar-placet sliould 
Iks filled by counselor* we are not informed ; at if tho proper place for 
■uch " moHt potent, grave, and reverend scignors," aa they are called in 
Othello, were not tho council-hall rather. 

3 H. reads rwf rro?.tc with Rob., and ftiyav with Aid., and retains 
o* viripraroPf with tho MSS. and cdd. pr., against Canter's At' vtrtpra- 
rov. 

4 H. adopts Ahrcna's reading, TiKTtaOai di ^opovr, elicited from TUreo- 
Oat d* /oiVkiiy in MSS. J 

* H. reads flnrii )iir in liou of fiord ruf in Turncb., a tacit correction / 
of ftpnrarnt in MSS. ;j 

* H. rends Od/.mcv in lieu of hiOmtv in MSS., although ho confesses ,'| 
that lOaTuov is an aor. 2 not to bo found excopt in Psoud-Homorio H.. 1/ 
Pan. 33. '' 



i ■ 



i 



382 AITL'NDIX. 

Lin* ka R»f»r«of* l* 

U.Tcit TamUU* 

6G 1-5. cv<t>ftfioi$ <P inl (kyidif 
fiovoav Oeiar 9 dotdol 
And let tho minstrels compose a strain at the 

altar with good-omened words. 1 • P. 225 1. 27 

668. <f>vXdoooi r' dpripeta rtfidg 

And lot soundness guard honors 3 225 28 

669.. to 6i\\uov y to irrdkiv Kparvvei 

Tho people, that rules tho city — 3 225 29 

697. few? yap av Ktjpv£ jiokoi 

For perhaps a herald will come 4 .•••...•• 226 14 

720. 6oX/Hpporc$ 6' ayav— 

And with very deceitful minds 5 • 227 4 

724. el aot re Kal Otoiolv 

If both to you and the gods— 6 227 8 

730-1. dkk' lari $1)111) Kpeiooovaf Xvkov$ Kwdv 
elvai 
But there is a saying that wolves are better 

than dogs. 7 227 18 



1 H. titers ftoitoai (feat r* into fto&oav Oeiar 9 . Dot m the middle voice, 
Ociaro, would be incorrect, Ahrcns suggested fcitv— 

• H. altera urtfiiac into uprifuia^ to which he wm probably led by 
drpefiala, suggested by Palcy. 

• So H. in the text, but in the notes ho would read re dq/uov re nr6Xi¥ 
KfMTvvot, partly with Bamberger, whilo in the next verse he reads npout^ 
62c, * form, he says, found in Antholog. Palat. Xlil., 7, 5, as applied to 
the name of a woman. 

• So U. reads with myself civ Ktjput....uoXQi in lieu of $....ft6Xm, al- 
though ho had, on Vigcr., p. 784, asserted that fioXoi could be used in a 
potential sense without dv. 

• H. alters de *al into <F tlyav to suit the dyov in the antistrophe. 

• So H. in tho text, but in tho notes he prefers El avv ye teal. But ow 
ye *al Oeoiotv — •• together with the gods likewise'*— would be ill suited to 
the train of thought. 

1 So H. He should have read rottf Awcovf itprfoeovf, found in MS. 
Med., where, from the other reading, Kptioouv, came Kpeitroovac. in Rob., 
or, what is preferable, H. should have adopted my 'AXX' fori pijfuj tic..., 
Xvkovc ; for, in such a proverbial expression, the article would be 
missible. 



THE SUPPLIANTS. 383 



732-3. tfirrac ftaratcjv dvooiwv re icvtoddkitv 

ix ovra S <>PY<*S XP'I QvkdooeoOai Kftdrof. 
It is altogether requisite to guard ngniiutt those 
who possess the rugo of silly and unholy 
monsters. 1 T. 227 L 15 

735. ovdi neiofuiruv ourijpia 

Nor a safety for cables 9 227 18 

741. k&v y yaktjiTi vrjvtfio^ <P tvdq icXvduv 

Although there is a calm, and the wave wind- 

less sleeps 3 227 18 

747. ici ya fiovvif — 

O hilly land— * 227 28 

752. to nav <T aqxivTux; dfiTrerfj^ el$ doc, df 

Altogether invisibly stretching out to tho air 5 

as— 227 31 

754-5. dkvKTov 6* ovtt It* uv nikoi vuap • 

Kekatvuxpiov de Trakkerai TTpb Ka^iaq. 
The phantom would not bo perplexed any 
longer ; but is tossed about of a dark color 
before tho heart. 227 32 

1 II. reads from conjecture Ifiiruc in lieu of wc nal, and from Turncb. 
iXovrac for fx ovre C — 

* H. adopts in the text Scaligcr's ncirrfuirov ourr/pta, similar to vav- 
6era....npvfivdv in Eurip. Tro , 810, but in tho notes ho would read 
irtiouarof aurrjplov, conceiving that a verse had dropped out. 

* This supplement, suggested by Palcy, has been adopted by H., wlicro 
kuv y yuhjitj havo been elicited from nal yah/vq, preserved by Plutarch 
II., p. 1090, a., and vt/vr/iO( cF tvtiy k?.vAuv, invented by Palcy, who 
doubtless remembered Again., 549, n6i>Toc....no'irai( uKi/iuv vqvtfioif 
cvtirj Treoutv. 

* H. reads with Pauw ftodvic in lieu of povvlri. 

* H. here elicits ufuvruf ufincri)^ f/f aoc uc from u$avro{ ufiwc- 
ri/aac 66auc in MS. G., and quotes oftua ufiKertf uO.ijitjTov from Heli- 
odorus in Stobncus XCVIII. (C. Herm.), p. 640, and Hesych., 'Aor- tvcv- 
fin r/ la/ia, correcting them ij uf//ta But as nothing is known of tho 
strange word *Aoc, it would l>c hazardous to introduce it hero ; and tho 
more so, as it is easy to read in Hesychius 'Aotr urj/i' rjv • tcvevfta, 
41 There was the breath of morn ;" for the gl. is a fragment of a Doric 
poet, probably of Epicharmus, who added, I suspect, r/rft), and thus tho 
whole fragment would mean, " Sweet was tho breath of morn ;" in Greek, 
'Aovf urjn' qv t/6i>. 

* Such is tho literal version of tho text of H. ; but wkat ho understood 



• i 






.'.4 
i 

I , 

t. 

I [ 



384 APPENDIX. 

Um tm Krfnw to 

759. npiv dvtip' dnevtcrbv Tfcfcte xpyvfyBrpHU XP&* 
Before an abominable man comes closo to this 

skin 1 P 228 13 

762. npfy oV KV(f>ckX' vdprjkb yiyverat %idv. 

At which the misty and watery clouds becomo 
snow. 3 228 5 

767-8. irpiv daUropof /3/p fie 
Koptiiaf ydfiov Kvptjaai 
Before I meet in defiance of my heart with a 

killing marriage. 3 •• 228 8 

775-6. ij rlv* dfiQvyav tr* fj irop- 
ov rirfiu ydfiov kvrijpa 
Or what escape or road shall I discover as the 
freer from marriage — 4 228 12 

777-80. Ivse 6* 6/i0av, ovpdvta 
fttXrj t OeoiOL Xirava, teal 
reXea dva$ mXopevd fwi 
Xvoifia. 
Moan out a voice, heavenly strains, prayers to 
the gods, and [pray] for them to be the re- 
leasers from calamity— 5 228 16 

780. ftdxav <T tmde, rrdrep^ 

And look upon the fight, father, 6 228 16 

by those words I must leave for tho reader to discover, especially as voap 
is not only never found in any pood Greek author, but is a manifest cor- 
ruption, in the opinion of Lobeck, in Paralipom., p. 176, as II. states him- 
self; who, howovcr, says that the wholo passage alludes to the imagined 
appcaranro of tho dark crew, s)>okcn of in the speech of Danaus, wh«n 
he first descried their approach. 

1 H. adopts rydV xp'H^ val fr°m MS. P., and XP°* from MS. E. 

• H. adopts Dindorf's alteration of vrpij 6'4<Aprjla into *vo*A/' MptjXtk, 
which is, however, repudiated by Dindorf himself in Stcph. Thcsaur, 
where he now prefers vfyrj divfipa ; for he had discovered that ffvo*A?.a 
was only Alexandrian Greek. What iEschylus really wrote, it would 
not he difficult, perhaps, to discover. 

• II. inserts fit between iiig. and *n/x5<'af— 

• Such is tho text of H. in lieu of r<V up<f avrof fri nopov rf/tvu yd* 
fiov Kdl Xvrrjpia. 

• Such, I presume, is the version of the text of H. t where he has adopt- 
ed from Hob. l\\e....oipdvia fiiXri foray* Otoioi, and k*1 re/Ua (torn Aid., 
and substituted diVif for oV fioi ireje— 

9 11. changes pax 1 ?* mto /"it "— 



ydi\ ara£, irporuooov. 



i 



THIS SUPPLIANTS. 38o 

IM* to K»CM««f« |« 

781. ftiaia fit) ortpSxft 6pwv 

Do not love to look on forcible acU 1 T. 228 L 16 

785-9. ytvo$ yap Alyvnruov vppi 

dvfoiOTOV dpoepoycvef, ol 

\ierd fie dpdfiotoi diufievoi 

<f>vydda pdraiat TroXvOpooif 

Piaia di$ivrai kafalv. 
For an Egyptian insulting race, hard to bo borne, 

of malo birth, 3 who, pursuing mo an cxilo by 

their racing, seek to lay hold of me violently 

through their very clamorous acts ot* folly. 3 . 228 19 
793. erp. 6'. 

'klpixOP' <*'• "> &• <*> "* 

6 6i udpnri$ 6 vdio$, ydtof, 

tjs, tjs. 

rtjv irpb oif, fidpTTTi, Kapvoif. 

dmoQpova kvoiv Kapfiaaiag 6ku)X» 

via fioaua <f>aivu). 
llemichor. 1. Oh, ohl ah, ah! the scizcr [is] 
here, by sea. and land. Oh ! oh ! in return 
fur which, may you, scizcr, be in trouble. I 
am lost, and show forth a crying out, the 
holy-thi nking deliverance from a descent 

[upon land.] 1 228 21 

799. dvriarp. d'. 

to, de (ppoifu' qiuv fiiaiuv ttuvuv 

7/fc* 7/f. | 

(lalvc <j>vya Trpoc uXkuv, 
j3koovp6fppovi xAtdp dvc^opa vat ray* 



1 H. alters p/} £<fo<Y— an abbreviation, as bo supposed, for/i>) (pikjoyc— r 

into orrpSyc — j 

* So H. reads, in ficu of yiroc ybp Alyvrrctov lj3piv <5iV^opov, and con- | 
ii'ulcrs v t 3pi as a neuter adjective. j 

3 In this remodeled text diu/pcvot, and MfrvTai arc furnished by Hob- ' 

and ol is added from conjocturc. j; 

* In theso verses, where tho MSS. and cnirly editions present only a , 
continued scries of corruptions, it will be sufficient to give Hermann's re- ', 
modeled text, with a literal English version, leaving the inquisitive read- j* 
cr to discover from Hermann's notes the reasons that liavc led to the al- ? 
tcrations, and by which they arc supported. I 

t 

i 

i: 



I 



38G APPENDIX. 

ImI» 



R«ferwe#t» 



Ucmichor.2. I see, I sec. These arc the preludes 
of my compulsory troubles. Oh ! oh 1 go in 
flight toward strength, O king, with a haugh- 
ty-minded pride, do thou bo ordered things 
hard to be borne on ship-board and on land. 1\ 228 L 24 [ 

80& erg. t. 

KilPTS. oovoOe, aovaO 9 inl fiapiv ottwo nod&v • 
XOP. ovkovv, ovkovv fua^. 

TiA/io2 v TtAfiOi teal <myftol 7 
TroXvafyiuv $6vio$ dnoKorra Kparof. 
HERALD. Rush, rush, to the bark, as quick 

as you can with feet. 220 1 

CIIO. There are then tcarings and scratch* 
ing9,nnd the eutting-off of beads with much 
gore und blood 229 2 

8QQw avTiorp. t*. 

KIIP. oovoOe, oovoO* okoal ftty* *n* dfiaka. 
HER. Rush, rush, ye lost greatly, to the sea- 
cutting [vessel] 229 4 

810L orp. <:'. 

•JU/u^op. a\ tlO 9 dva 7:oXvpv7cv 
aXfuoevra m'ipov 
deOTTOoiu) j;vv vftpet 
yofufrodtTto re 66pei diuXov. 
alftov* lou$ a£ y 9 ire 9 duaXa 
i]on dovntav rani yj*. 
KIIP. KeXevio (3ia fieOeoOat a 9 lx®p* 
<f>pevd$ atfipova r 9 dyav. 
*Uli$XOp. fi A * lot, lov, 

Acty* tdpava % nV L$ tiopv, 
drierog dva noXiv darjiov. 
Hcmichor. 1* I wish that along the much- 
flowing and briny path thou hadst perished 
utterly with thy lordly insolence and the bolt- 
bound bark. Perhaps the [forces] on land 
will send thec with blood to the noisy ship.. 229 6 
HER. I command thee to givo up thy desire 

to force, and the silly indignation of mind.. 229 8 
Hemic hor. 2. Oh ! oh ! Leave tho scats. Go 
to the ship thou, who art in no honor, be- 
having impiously through the city. 229 1 1 



ritffeM 



THE SUPPLIANTS. 387 

LIm tat R#f#*»i»r« t« 

821. dvnorp. J \ 
'lljuxop. a'. fitfTTOTf. irdXiv Itioifi 9 
dkfeoipotov vdty), 
*V0e»> dt^djLZVOV 
Zutyvrov aifia ppordiai Odkket. 
ytio$ tx<»> liaOvxdio$ 
fiuOpeiaf, PaOptia^ ytpov. 
KIIP. av ti* iv vat, vat pdou ra'xa 

Ockeog, dOekeog. 
11cm ichor. 1. Never may I again behold tho 
cattle-feeding water, where the life-blood bo* 
ing increased is in vigor for mortals. I pos- 
sess, as an indigenous person of a high Aclia> 

an [origin], seats, seats, old man 1*. 220 1. 13 

IIEli. J hit thou on board, on board, shalt go : | 

quickly, willing [or] unwilling. . . . . , 229 17 I 

*II/ii^op. Z^. /?/a, /3/a. | 

(ppovda TTokta (3u0l pot, 



TrpoKah'a ttuO 9 ukopive TTakdfiaif. j 

Ilcmichor. 2. Violence, violence. Out of sight 1 j 

go far oft* from me; suffer, thou lost oncl pre- j 

viously evils from hands • 229 18 1 

830. orp. 4'. I 

'Ityugop. (*'• atai > ai(lL ' • ! 

it yap tivgrrakafLO)^ ukoco 
til' dkippvrov dkoot; 
Kara lap7T7]tioviov x^l 1 ' 
a vokvxpafifiov dkaUtig 
'Afpiaimv uvpaig. 
KIIP. Ivst Kal kdna^e Kal tcdkei Oeovf 

AiyvTrriav yap flupiv ovx vnepOopet, 
Xtovoa Kal mh'porepov oltvof vofiov. 
Ilcmichor. 2. Alas! alas I Would that thou 
hadst perished by sad hands in tho open 
space, where the sea flows, while wandering 
along tho mound of Sarpedon, [caught] by 
the gales from Acria (Egypt) 229 20 

IIEU. Moan and tear thy dress and call upon •;'» 

tho gods. For thou shalt not overleap tho 
Egyptian bark, while pouring forth a strain 
of woe still more bitter 229 23 



i 






388 APPENDIX. 

Ub* hi lUftrMif* to 

O.Tvsi. Timlilla 

8H. dvriarp. £'. 

Ifyu^op. (?• °}°*> °' '- 

XvfiavOe)^ av npb yag vkdoKOtf 
•neptKopna Ppva^wv. 
6 6e /3u>rar, 6 [riyaf NelA* 
o$ vppl^ovrd a 9 dftorpi^ 
eiev dotarov vPpiv. 
KIIP. Palveiv tceXtvu pdpiv elf dfuf>ioTpo<f>ov t 
uoov rdxiOTa, prfi£ rig (T^oAo^erai. 
6Xkt) yap ovroi nkoKafiov ovddp? osera*. 
Ilcmichor. 2. Woo! woo! mnycst thou, ill— 
treated beforo the land, howl out, although 
* making great Iwasts. May tlio nourishcr, 
tho great Nile, overturn thee, while insult- 
ing with insult not to bo borne. P. 229 1.2G 

HER I order thco to go to the bark, rowed on 
both sides, as quickly as possible. Nor let 
any one delay. For a dragging pays no re- 
gard at all to the locks of hair. 229 29 

850. orp. if. 
9 lI/ugop. a . olol naTFp, 

QptTeof dpo$ ara. 
dfiakdd' dyet /i\ 

dpaxvof lie ftadqv voap, v6ap [izXav. 
6 TO TO to toI 
fid Ta, fid Td 9 pod 
fjnflfpbv dTrorpcrrc. 
J) /3a, Tac 7ra? f ZeD. 
KIIP. ouroi Qofiovfiai datftovaf rovf ivOdde* 

ov ydp fi* tOpt%l*av t ovfi 9 eyijpatmv rpo<Py, 
Ilcmichor. 1. Alas ! father ! The protection of 
an image is a calamity. A phantom, a dark 
phantom, is dragging me, step by step, like 
a spider, to the Fen-cutting hark. Mother 
Earth ! mother Earth 1 through my clamor 
turn aside whnt is frightful, O King Zeus, 
son of tho Earth 1 229 32 

HER. I do not fear tho deities who are here. 
For they have not brought mo up, nor have 
they caused me to grow old by their nurture. 230 3 




THE SUPPLIANTS. 389 

l#bftt in BiLfuri I* 

O.TvftL 






860. avriOTp. if. 
'II[UX°P' />'. /""/ij* TrtAa^ 

fiirrovg o\f>ig, 

fytdra d" ug fie Tig nod 9 ivdatcovo 9 ^a. 

6 TO TO TO TOl. 

fiu Pa, fui Td t ($0$ 
ifiofiepbv dnoTpeire. 

C) /3a, Tug not, Zev. s 5 

KIIP. el fii'j Tig ig vavv elaiv alveoag ra*Jc f 

kaKig x*T<*>vog ipyov oi kutouctui. 
Ilcmichor. 2. There is a raging near............ a 

two-footed serpent, mid like somo viper it U * 
laying hold oi* and biting my foot. Alas! 
mother Earth, mother Earth, through [my] 
clamor turn aside what is frightful, O King 

Zeus, son of tho Earth ! P. 230 LG 

IIEU. Unless a person goes to the ship, endur- 
ing these things, a tearing shall not pity tho 

work of a garment. 230 9 

870. orp.G'. 

'llfuxop. a'. !u> TTokF.cjg dyol npoftoi, ddfivafiai. 
KIIP. t?ȣfiv totx* vfiug d7roG7Tuoag Kofirjg* 

t~tl ovk ukovct 9 div tu>v tftiov Aoywv. 
Ilcmichor. 1. O leaden* [and] chiefs of tho city, 

I am overcome 230 10 

IIEK. It seems I shall drag you away, pulling 

you by tho hair; since you do not hearken J 

quickly to my words. • 230 17 ' \ 

873. dvriarp.O'. \ 

'llfuxop. />'. tiiioXofieaO' • ueXt:t\ uvaij, Trdaxojuv. \ 

KIIP. rroAAot g dvaKTag y 7:aldag AlyvTrrov, tux* 

oxpeaOe' Oapoeir'. ovk tpelT* dvapxiav. 
BAS. ovrog, rl TToieig; It: Tivog 1 tppov/jfiaTog — 
Ilcmichor. 2. We arc destroyed ; O king, wo ; ] 

arc sinTcring things unexpected 230 15 ;' 

IIEK. Kings many ye will quickly sco in tho 
sons of -/Egypt us. lie of good cheer, yo will 
not call it an anarchy. 3 230 12 

1 In lieu of U roiov, H. adopts U rivoc, as suggested by Brigc*. ,j « 

* H. arranges the speeches as recommended by Heath, whom Dindorf 
b*§ improperly refused to follow. 

I. 



390 APPENDIX. 

Dm hi Itofrrtu** I* 

%t.TwL WmUUm. 

KING. You, fellow, what aro you doing? 

From what high thoughts— P. 230 L 19 

682. [After itrlaraacu II. marks the loss of a distich 

by asterisks.] 230 2G 

895. kryoifi* av IkOuv— 

I will, after coming, tell— 1 231 1 

900. [Tho tetrastich, which is commonly read hero 
after orokoi', II. transposes after 913, aipeo~ 
Oat vtov. And so I had edited, although II. 
says nothing of what I had done.] 231 7 

902-3. ri <xoi keyeiv xpij rovvop' ; iv XP^^t* paOuv 
•ttaei av r* ovto^— 
Why need I tell you tho namo? Learning it 

in time, both you shall know it yourself—'. 231 17 

013. el aoi t66* t)6v 9 trdkcfutv atpecOat viov 

If this is agreeable to you, to undertake a new 

war— 3 231 22 

926. el Ovpog iariv tiriuovg valeiv do/tor?. 

1 f you have a mind to inhabit well-built abodes. 6 231 29 
930. (IrptOTl XwTioaoOe 

Take without four— 231 31 

939-40. nag rig 

evTVKog 

Every ono is...... prepared 7 • . • • • 232 5 

^ . 

1 H. adopts Heath's y.ryot^ uv in lieu of ">i\t>is uv— 

* In lieu of eloOt y* abrbf or Jour Y ot'rof, H. adopts Bothe's tloti ov 
T* avrdc, which ho wrongly attributes to myself ; while both Haupt and 
Ahrcns have taken tho credit of tho restoration to themselves. 

* In lieu of laOi fitv ru6* H. reads rl aol rod' //dO, and ho imagines that 
a distich has been lost after viov, of which tho sense was, " See, then, 
whether you nro looking well to tho benefit of your pcopic, should you, 
for the sake of women, invoWo them in a war." 

4 Here, again, H. supposes tho existenco of a lacuna after ft'iuv, but 
without attempting even to guess at tho sense of the missing matter. 

• So 11. in lieu of F.iOvftriv tnrtv tvrvxtlc V vaffiv, whero El Ovftuf is 
duo to Ilothc, and riTiVrorr to Porson. * 

• H. reads arpatrl XurioaoOe in lieu of irtlpeari ).uTtnaoOat. Rut bo 
does not slate that he was indebted to Canter lor }.urinao0r t and to nwsclf 
for urpeoTti, for which ho has •ulmtitutcd urptorl, although he con losses 
that urprorl is not to bo found elsewhere. 

v H. reads, with Spanhcim, rtfrvxof in lieu of etrvxof. Dut bow c&» 
rvsor could be hero applied to a person wc aro not informed. 




1 H. .liters "knuv tv x^t* * n *° ^u^ tuv lyx'^puv, and takes rdoataOe 
in an active sense, as in Kurip., llcracl. Cfit, Androm. 1090. 

J So H. in lieu o( nai ftnu Til fitv irpaxMvra Tr/Wif rotV iKTevelc Qfoov 
iwcputf rjKuvnav ahravcxlnovr in MS. Med., and ho renders tKyevefa to 
which ho was probably led by Heath's tyyevefa " degenerate," refer- 
ring to Soph., (Ed. T. 600, whero Dindorf would read ixyevcic inotcad 
of eyyeveic. 

* H., in lieu of evxfw/tvT/ Qpevbc riftiurfpnv IfioO, has given lu 

npvfivy $pcvt)r — ri/uuripav Orutf— obacrving that Paloy had likewise sug- 
gested iv irpvfivij, and so I had edited long ago from my own conjecture 
and that of Valekonaer in Not. MSS , who refers to r/)v tyr V'VA'Vf «*/*»• 
ttoAii' in Plato, Rep. VIII., p. 600, n. 

* So H. instead of ruvra ftlv yinltyraOt. Hut as the daughters arc not 
told where they aro to inscribe tho advico of their father, I prefer my con* 
jeeturo, ravra »y 'y)pu^ra0e— 






THE SUPPLIANTS. 391 /, 

O.T.tt ..it *«—-** 

940. [After Tii kuxrra II. supposes a tnstich to have 
been lost ; for otherwise the two anapaestic 
systems will bo of a different length.]. . . .1*. 232 L7 

fid$u kauv tCjv eyx(opo)v t 
rdaaeaOe, <j>ikai t dpwitiag ovru$ 

w? 

And with tho not-angry languago of the peo- 
ple of tho country put in order, 1 O feiunlo 
friends, tho housc-iuaids in such a way, 

that— » 232 8 

• 

952-3. teat fioi to fiiv npaxOtvra npbf rovf ixye* 

Vf'tC 

fuik* ov micpfy jjtcovfTav avTavnf>iov£. 
And they have heard not very bitterly what 
has been done by mo toward degenerate 
cousin-gcrnums 232 13 



958-9. roiujvd*: r^yxdvovrat; tv npvfii'xi <£>pevoc 
X'iptv aifcaOai riiuurtpav Otfitg, 
And for person* obtaining things ho great, it is 
just to reverence in the siecring-plnco of 
thought the favor with greater honor. 3 .... 232 20 { 

9G0. nai rauO* u/i* }yypdif>aa0c rrftbf yeypafifitvoif I 

And these to boot inscribo ye in addition to -J 

what has been written' — 232 21 !' 



Z)2 APPENDIX. \ 

i 

O 'I ail. 'fimatlmu***. 

UuJ. yAJkJffav evrvKov .... 

A well-modeled tongue— 1 P. 232 L 24 

068. Otjpaig 6i icrpaivovoi viv pparot • ri fitjv ; 

And with hunting mortals hurt it. How nott* 232 28 

969. [After this verse II. has placed between aster- 
isks tho supplement of another— 

ical vrjKTa Tra'vrwc iorlv dpndtovr' Ideiv 
•• And it is possible to see swimming animals 
seize it altogether" — ^ 232 29 

971. KapmiftaOJ a ard^ovra Krpvoon Kvnpc?, 
.Kaupa KwXvovoa 0* £>$ fiivuv Spu • 
Fruits which Venus proclaims as distilling with 
drops and unripe, and prohibiting so as to 
remain in a boundary. 4 232 29 

1002. — yd/40f ... ..KvOtpcio? 
A Cythcrcan marriage 4 233 18 

1003. OTvytp&v neXoi rod 9 aOkov. 
May this bo tho prise of persons hated. • 233 19 . 

1012. dedorat <5' appovla fiolp 1 'AQpodtTOf 

Tho power of Aphrodite*! leading to concord, 

has been given. 7 233 23 

1 Hero, again, H. has adopted cvtvkov, tho conjecture of Snanhcim, in 
lieu of cvTt'xov. But as yfoiooa evrvteof is quito unintelligible— at least, 
it is not found elsewhere — H. should have preferred my ykCujaav evrno- 
Xov t found likewise in Eurip., Bacch. 264, and similar to hnrpoxdoiiv 
ayoptveic, in I A., P. 213. 

a In lieu of 07/pcc H. adopts Wicselcr'a Orjpaic, and Linwood's ri ujv 
for Tifitjv, although he has neglected to refer to Linwood*s not© on Eu- 
mcn. in Addend., p. 199. 

• To this verse, inserted after iredoeripq from conjecture, it may be ob- 
jected that, except in the case of Andromeda, wo have not heard of a fish 
coming out of the sea to scixo upon a maiden ; and even that monster 
was destroyed by Perseus before it bid hold of tho lady. 

• Such is the literal, and, to myself, unintelligible version of the text of II., 
where, to say nothing of re, which follows tcuXvovoa and couples nothing, 
H. seems to have forgotten that unripo fruits can not bo said to distill drops. 

• So II. with one MS., observing that yitfioc KvOipetof means " an hon- 
orable marriage ;" an assertion more easily mode than proved. 

• So H. has corrected ervytphv in Turn. 
T Such is the English of the I«atin version by H. of his own text. Dut 

how such a meaning can bo elicited from the Greek, I must leavo for oth- 
ers to discover. 



i 



THE SUPPLIANTS. 393 

I.1m la 2j*T** l# 

U. T«al. TiMMlalMia. 

1013. tytdvpai rplfiot t' {(ujtwv 

And tho whimpering paths of Loves 1 P. 233 L24 

1014. 0t;ydo«T<m> <V t-tvoiaif 

On account of my design in flying 1 233 25 

1017-18. ri tor* tKrrkoiav trrpa^av 
TaxvnttH'xotoi diuynoi? 
Why have they mado a sailing away with a 

quick-moving pursuit? 3 233 2G 

1022-3. fiera nokkuv 6t ydftuv ude rekevri 
irpoTFpav mkoi yvvaitc&v 
But with many marriages of former women 

may this end take place 1 233 20 

1033. ra Oftov iirjtih* tiyuZriv 

Not to boar with diilioulty tilings sent by the 

godb* 231 2 

1 03C-7. ikvoar' tv x €l pi nai ' 

(tivia 
Has freed well with a healing hand . ...... 234 4 



1 In lieu of \j<c(h-p(1 in two MSS. II. has edited i}'idvpat t referring to 

HcKVch. — V** , ' l 7 K, C" V'^'W- 

1 Such is t!)c English of the Latin version by II. of his own text, 
where I was the first to edit QvyutUaaiv, for the sake of the metre, in lieu 
of oi'judfc, an emendation attributed by Scholcficld to Wcllaucr, and by 
I*a!cy to llaupt, while Ahrcns takes tiic ercdit of it to himself. "With re- 
gard to the sense, by no process could the words Qvyudcoav lmvoiai( 
mean what II. fancied they did. » 

3 Instead of evz?.ouiv H. reads 'K7T?.otui; and refers dtuyjioioi, not to 
the pursuit of lite daughters of Danaus, but to tho running away of tho 
sons of .-Kgyplus. Dut as Atuyfify never has such a meaning elsewhere, 
it would be hazardous to take it in that sense here, even if the train of 
ideas did, what it does not, admit of such an interpretation. 

* Such is tho literal, and, to myself, unintelligible version of tho text 
of II., who has altered TrpoTrfxiv into irpttrepuv ; (or, most assuredly, tho 
wish in xi?ot, which relates to a future lime, is at varianco with irportpuv, 
which relates to a pant. 

* II. adopts, with Paley, Stanley's interpretation 6f uyufnv, which He* 
sych. explains by jiapiuc Qtpciv. 

* So H. inserts c v before x ci pl — 

112 



i 



l 



■ 
* 






i 



394 
1037-8. 



APPENDIX. 



•KaraorpoiJHiv 






evftevti j3/fi ktIoo$ 
Making a catostropho with a kindly force 1 .P. 234 L 5 

1041. koI ducp 6Ua$ tneaOai 

And for justice to follow justice* 234 9 



1 H. liter* icaraaxrO^p into Karaarpo+ilp, which means, ho aays, cither 
M a limplo change** or " a refuge.** 

■ So H. in the text ; but aa he says in tho note, " Emendavit Burgeiiua," 
it ia evident that he intended to write <toca rt*gaf, for auch U my cmen* 



W1R KXI>. 



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