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A GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT
OF THE
HUNDRED OF LONSDALE,
NOETH AND SOUTH OF THE SANDS,
IN THE COUNTY OF LANCASTER.
BY THE LATE
ROBERT BACKHOUSE PEACOCK
EDITED BY
THE EEV. J. C. ATKINSON,
AUTHOR OF "A GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF CLEVELAND," ETC., ETC.
J-, * o
I , •) <> 1 t>
PUBLISHED FOR THE PHILOLOGICAL SOCIETY BY
ASHER & CO.
LONDON: 13, BEDFORD STREET, CONVENT GARDEN.
BERLIN : 20, UNTER DEN LINDEN.
1869.
HERTFORD :
PRINTED BY STEPHEN AUSTIN.
57^0
INTEODUCTION.
The materials from which the following pages have been com-
> piled and printed were left by their lamented collector in a
* trough and undigested condition. There were abundant evidences
of extreme diligence in collection; but it was at the same time
evident that the task of arrangement and compression — certainly
not second in difficulty, or in importance, to that of compilation —
had not as yet been commenced upon. Still, the quantity of
valuable matter contained in the extensive pile of material was
so distinctly apparent, that it was an exercise of the soundest
judgment which recommended publication.
The task of the Editor, however, in selecting and preparing
for the press was far less easy and self-explanatory. On the
one hand, was the desire to preserve as much as possible of the
Author's work : on the other, the necessity of removing redun-
dancies, excluding repetitions, grouping varying forms, system-
atising and bringing under one head various distinct or separate
notes, explanations and illustrations of one or the same word, or
its differing forms. And these objects were not easily reconcilable.
The practical rule eventually adopted by the present Editor was
to put himself, as far as possible, in the place of the author, as
occupied with the labour of reducing his rough materials into
workable form ;* and the only deviations, in practice, from the rule
adopted, have been in the direction of sympathy with the author
rather than with the critic. A very considerable number of the
words collected proved, on inspection, to be simply familiar words
in common use among the unlearned throughout the English pro-
vinces. These, as being equally of no specific value or interest,
and as greatly increasing the bulk of the volume, have, generally
speaking, been excluded. Others, as mere orthographical vari-
ations of the same word, have been dealt with on the same
principle. But it is to be hoped that nothing whatever of any
Vlll
INTRODUCTION.
value, and, least of all, any distinct phonetic form or decided
dialect word, has been neglected or omitted.
It will probably be remarked by some into whose hands the
Glossary will pass, as it has been by the editor, that a considerable
number of the words in the Glossary, jointly with their definitions,
appear to have been taken bodily from Halliwell's " Dictionary of
Archaic and Provincial Words." This is explained by a note from
the late Herbert Coleridge to Mr. Peacock, recommending him (in
reference to a suggestion evidently originating with Mr. Peacock
himself on going through Halliwell's Dictionary in connection
with his own collections and researches) to mark all the words
he might identify. as belonging to that district of Lancashire the
dialect of which he purposed to illustrate. In some instances
the definitions attached to these words have been slightly modified,
or, perhaps, remodelled ; but, of the majority, it will be seen that
they are left as copied by Mr. Peacock.
In only a very few cases has the editor taken upon himself
to introduce any new matter ; and, in these few, only with a view
to illustration where illustration seemed to be called for, or likely
to add to the interest of the Glossary itself. In every such case,
whensoever the addition exceeds two or three words in length, the
matter added is marked off from the context by brackets, and the
syllable Ed. is printed at its end.
Subjoined is a list of the abbreviations and contractions em-
ployed in the body of the Glossary.
J. 0. ATKINSON.
LIST OF CONTRACTIONS AND ABBREVIATIONS EMPLOYED
IN THE GLOSSARY.
A.S. Anglo-Saxon.
O.E. Old English.
E. English.
O.N. Old Norse.
Sw. Swedish.
O.Sw. Old Swedish.
Sw. D. Swedish Dialect.
Dan. Danish.
Dan.D. Danish Dialect.
S.G. Suio-Gothic.
M.G. Maeso-Gothic.
W. Welsh.
G. Gaelic.
M. Manx.
Bret. Breton.
Fr. French.
O.Fr. Old French.
M.L. Mediaeval Latin.
D. Dutch.
G. or Germ. German.
Pr. Pronunciation.
pr. pronounced.
Corr. Corruption.
Contr. Contraction.
GLOSSARY.
A, Corr. of ha'e for E. have : as, " I
sud a sent," for "I should have sent."
A, prep, in, on. O.N. a, in, on; [A.S.
and O.E. on, changed into a in com-
pound mod. E. words, as, away =
A.S. onweg, abroad = OJE. on brede.
Ed.] as, "Don't du a that way" =
A Don't do it in that way.
A (pr. yah or ad, the first a as in hate,
the second as in Noah), num. adj.
one. S.-G. a. "In pluribus Suio-
gothise partibus unitatis nota est, ut
a man, vir unus,"
A, used for. (1) You.. (2) He ; as, " Is
a gaain Ooston to-day ?"= Are you
going to Ulverstone to-day ? Comp.
"A' babbled of green fields," King
Henry V. ii. 3.
Aa, v.t. to owe. O.N. a pres. of eiga,
to own ; hverr a ? who owns ?
Aad (the two a's pr. as the first and
second in Harland, respectively), adj.
1. Old ; as, Aad Harry, Aad Scratch,
terms for the devil ; Aad Kersmas,
Christmas reckoned by the old style ;
Aad file, an old miser ; Aad sang, a
trifle. 2. (metaph.) Experienced, not
easily taken in ; as, Aad hand, a
knowing or expert person ; Aad
stager, one well initiated in any-
thing.
Aad wife hake, a term for a rural festi-
val, at which old and young dance
together.
Aan, pron. Pr. of own. O.Fris. ain,
M.G. aigan, A.S. dgen, own, be-
longing to oneself.
Aan, v.t. (1) to own, have belonging ;
as, "Its aaenH (or aaertd) bi him"
=He is the owner. (2) To acknow-
B
AC
ledge, thence to visit ; as, " Ye niv-
ver aan us now ; " i.e. never visit us,
or claim us as friends. A.S. agan,
to own.
Aaned, p.p. of aan, to own.
Aaner, n. an owner.
Aansel, pron. one's own self.
Aback, adv. in the rear, behind.
Aback-a-behint, very far behind or in
the rear.
Aback-o-beyont, at a very great dis-
tance away.
Abaiyed, Pr. of abode.
Abbut, Pr. of aye but.
Abe, Let me = Let me alone.
Abeear, ) v.t. to bear, to tolerate. AS.
Abere, ) aberan, to bear, to suffer.
Abidden, p.p. of To abide ; endured.
Ablish, adj. rather able ; of tolerable
pecuniary means.
Abode, pret. of To abide ; endured.
Aboon, adv. above, overhead, more
than ; as, " T' meer dud kick aboon
a bit " = The mare did kick more
than a little, i.e. excessively.
Abrede, adj. abroad, spread out, " His
hay is o abrede," i.e. all spread out.
A.S. abredan, to extend.
■ ( ^orr- °* because.
Accorah-earth, n. green arable earth.
Achelor, n. hewn stone ; Pr. of Ashlar.
Ack, v.t. to mind, to regard ; as,
" Never ack " = Never mind. Sw.
ahta, to mind, to care.
A-cock-horse, used adjectively, trium-
phant.
Acreak'd, adj. crooked, awry.
Acren, n. an acorn. A.S. wceren, M.G.
akran.
1
AC
AN
Acruk'd, adj. crooked, awry.
Actilly, Oorr. of actually.
Adam and Eve, a name for the bulbs
of the Orchis maculata.
Addle, v.i. to adhere together, to co-
agulate.
Addle, v.t. to earn. O.N. odlaz, to ac-
quire, gain.
Addled, adj. rotten, decayed ; as,
" an addled egg." W. hadlu, to de-
cay, to grow rotten ; A.S. ddl, sick,
ill, corrupted, putrid.
Addle-headed, adj. stupid, of defec-
tive intellect, without the power of
thought.
Addlin's, n. labourers' wages.
Adone ! (Corr. of have done !) cease ! be
quiet !
Adoors, prep, at the door, i.e. out-
side.
Adzooks, interj. an exclamation or
petty oath.
Ae ! interj. Oh ! "Ae, what a seet o'
apples that tree hev on it ! v
Afeard, adj. afraid.
Affend, Corr. of offend.
Aibor, adv. and prep, before, forward,
A.S. for, Du. voor, before.
Afooretime, adv. in time past.
Afoot, adv. on foot.
Afront, adv. in front.
Again, prep, against. A.S. and O.Fris.
agen, O.N. gegn, contra.
Agate, To be, to be afoot, agoing, at
work, or occupied in doing a thing.
Agate, To get, to get to work, to have
commenced.
Agate, To set, to set agoing, put on
foot, originate work.
Agee (g soft), adj. awry, oblique,
askew.
Agin, conj. as if.
Agistment, n. the feeding of cattle in
a common pasture, for a stipulated
price.
Agoy, interj. a petty oath.
Agreeably, adv. in an uniform man-
ner, in a way perfectly alike.
Agrund, adv. on the ground.
Ah, but, a form implying dissent,
nearly = Nay, but.
Ahint, adv. and prep, behind.
Ahn, poss. pron. own. See Aan.
Ahuh, adj. awry, aslant. A.S. awoh,
awry.
Aiable (Corr. of able), adj. wealthy.
Aidher, ) adj. either. O.Fris. aider,
Aither, ] each, every ; A.S. cegper.
2
jM* } short for Alice.
Aiqual, Pr. of equal.
Aire, n. land warped up by floods or
tides, and now or once liable to be
overflowed by them.
Aish, n. an ash tree.
Alang, adv. along.
Alang of, in consequence of, or owing to.
Alayan, ) adv. alone. Dan. allene,
Alean, ] Du. aleen or alleen.
Alayat, adv. of late, lately.
Aid, Pr. of old.
Ale, n. a rural festival, a merry meet-
ing. Bride-a?e and church-a^e are
terms for a wedding supper and a
church festivity. Cf. Dan. arvol,
Sw. arfol. Mulled-a£e is ale boiled
with sugar, spice, etc.
Aleven, Corr. of eleven.
Aliblaster, n. alabaster. Gr. dxdpaaTpos,
M.G. alabalstraun.
Allaz, Corr. of aloes.
Allecar, ) n. alegar, vinegar made
Allekur, ] from ale.
Alley, n. the aisle of a church.
All-hallows, a name for All Saints'
Day (1st Nov.).
All-of-a-heugh, adj. all on one side.
A.S. awoh, crookedly. See Ahuh.
All-overish, adj. neither sick nor well.
Amackily, adv. a little so, in some
fashion, partly.
Amain, adv. lustily.
Amaiyast, "
Ameast, \ Corr. of almost.
Amooast,
Amang, Northumb. form of among.
Amang-hands, used adverbially of
work done at intervals amongst
other business.
An, adv. than. O.N. en, Du. an, than.
An, conj. if. "He'll cum an a sed
sooa" = He will come if he said so.
S.G. am, if. Comp. Gr. 4av.
An (pr. yan), num. adj. one. Used
absolutely, as A or Aa is joined to a
noun ; as, " That's an of them," "Aa
cow," "Aa sheep."
An', Contr. of and.
Ananters, ) conj. in case that, if per-
Anters, \ adventure. Fr. aventure.
an adventure, chance, hap, in O.E.,
aunter.
Aneath, Corr. of beneath.
An end (Corr. of on end), upright.
Anenst, prep, against, opposite to, over
against. Comp. Gr. ivarnos.
AN
AT
Anew, adv. afresh, again ; as, " I'll
try my hand anew"
Angle -berry, n. a sore under the hoof
of an animal.
Angnail, n. a corn upon the toe.
Angs, n. the beard of barley. N.Fris.
agen, O.N. agnir (pi. of b'gri), Sw.
agnar, Fin. akana, Gr. axva, chaff,
awns.
Anif. Used for if.
An-o, Corr. of and all; sometimes =
also.
Ankle-jacks, n.-& sort of quarter boots.
Anthony's -fire, n. erysipelas. Du.
Anthonis vyer, erysipelas.
Anto (Corr. of an thou), if thou.
Anudder, Corr. of another.
Apace, adv. by degrees ; as, " He will
get on apace " = He will do what he
is about by degrees or in time.
Ape, n. a fool, a wayward child. O.N.
api, homo fatuus, insipidus, stultus.
Apieces, Corr. of in pieces.
A-pigga-back, said of a mode of car-
rying a child on one's back, with his
legs under one's arms, and his arms
round one's neck.
SgSSJ *»"!"»•
Apricock, n. an apricot.
Apron, n. the fat skinny covering of
the belly of a duck or goose.
Argufy, v.i. (1) to argue. (2) To signify.
Ark, n. in the north of England the
large chests in farm-houses, used
for keeping meal or flour, are so
called ; they are usually made of
oak, and are sometimes elaborately
carved.
Ark, Noah's, n. clouds in lines con-
verging to two points on opposite
parts of the sky, with some resem-
blance to the planks of a boat or
ship. [The name is a Corr. of ' Noe-
ship,' Prov. Sw. Noaskeppet, in
which Noe is a Corr. of Odin.
Weather auguries are derived from
'Noah's Ship' or Ark.' Ed.]
Aries, n. earnest money (generally
Is.), given on hiring a servant to
bind th e bargain. Gael, arias, earnest-
money, M. earlys, earnest.
Am, Corr. of earn.
Arnest-money, deposit-money given to
bind a bargain on hiring a servant,
etc. Comp. W. ernes, earnest-money.
Arr, n. a scar or pockmark. Dan. ar,
S.G. airr, Sw. arr, N.Fris. aar, a scar,
cicatrix, seam.
Arrals, n. pimples, or a rash break-
ing out upon the skin.
Arran, n. a spider.
Arridge, n. the edge of a squared
stone or piece of wood, or the
like.
Arridge, v.t. to take the sharp edge off
any squared object, as the joiner
or stonemason does.
Arsboord, n. the hinder board of a
cart.
Arston, Corr. of hearth-stone.
Arter, Corr. of after.
Arval, n. a dole of ale and bread given
at a funeral ; also money given at
the death of a fox for the hunters to
get ale to drink at the nearest public-
house. S.G. arfSl, O.Dan, arfivol,
Dan. aruo'l, literally inheritance-ale.
(See Ale.) Comp. also W. arwyl,
funeral obsequies.
Arval-dinners are common in Cart-
mel, for friends who attend a funeral
from a distance.
As (pr. az), conj. that; as, "He said
as he wod " = He said that he would.
Ask ")
Asker > n' a new^ or water-lizard.
Esk, ') GaeI^-
Aslope' | adJ' sloPin& inclined.
Asquat, adj. sitting on the haunches.
Ass, n. ashes.
Ass-boord, n. a box for ashes.
Ass-hole, n. a receptacle for ashes.
Assil-tree, n. an axle-tree. Gael, aisil,
an axle-tree.
Assil-tooth, ) n. a grinder or molar
Axil-teuth, \ tooth. O.'S.jaxl, dens
maxillaris.
Ass-manner, ) n. manure, the chief
Ass-muck,
constituent of which
is ashes ; the contents of the Ass-
middens of a town.
Ass-midden, n. a heap of ashes.
Asta, Corr. of hast thou.
Astir, adv. on the move, on the alert.
As tit, adv. as soon. See Tit, Titter.
Astraddle,
Astreddle,
Aswint, adj. awry.
At, conj. that ; as, " He sed at he wod."
Dan. at, Sw. att, that.
At, used before the infinitive. Con-
stantly used as a prefix to the verb
3
adv. astride.
AT
BA
in the infinitive in N.L, ; as, "I don't
like at see it," for "I don't like to
see it." O.N. at, nota infinitivi.
At, prep, to ; as, " Hey ta done ouht
at it ? " or, " Hes ta dune oute at
it?" i.e. "to it," in the way of re-
pairs.
At, rel. pron. who, that ; as, " Him at
left it"=He who left it. O.N. at,
qui, who.
At-efter, adv. after, afterwards. Comp.
S.G. and Sw. efterat, after this or
that, afterwards, Dan. efterat, after.
Ater. See Arter.
A-this-side, on this side ; betwixt now
and ; as, "A-this-side Easter."
Athout, prep, without ; as, " I'se goan
athout it."
Atomy, n. an anatomy, a skeleton.
Atop, adv. on the top.
Atort, prep, towards.
Attercob, n. a spider. A.S. attercoppa;
atter, poison.
Atter-pile, n. a small fish with veno-
mous spines.
Atter-pile. Castlehead Cartmel was
anciently called "Atterpile."
IS K- bet— •
At wo, adv. in two, asunder.
At yance, at once. See Yance.
^JPr.ofall.
Aud-farand, adj. old fashioned.
Audher, ) conj. either. O.Fris. auder,
Auther, \ A.S. aufter.
Aum, Pr. of elm.
Aumus, n. alms. [A.S. celmesse, O.N.
olmusa, O.Sw. almusa, O.E. ahnus.
Ed.]
Aund, adj. ordained, predestinated.
[O.N. avftna, fate, destiny, luck,
auftinn, neut. aufSit, fated, destined ;
Prov. Sw. den, on, id. Ed.]
Aup, ) n. a heavy, stupid person ; a
Aupy, ) childish or silly person.
Aunters, n. adventures. See Ananters,
Anters.
Aursels, Pr. of ourselves.
Awar^nt, \ vJ' to assure' to warrant'
Away-going, adj. departing ; applied
to the crop of a tenant who is leav-
ing his farm. See "Waygoing Crop.
Awer, Pr. of hour.
A- wheels, on wheels, swiftly ; as, " It
went a-wheelsr
Awkert, adj. awkward, clumsy.
4
Aw macks, all sorts, all kinds ; lit.
" all makes."
Awroddy, Corr. of already.
Awsome, adj. appalling, awful,
Aw't, all the.
Awter, Pr. of alter.
Awteration, Pr. of alteration.
Ax, to ask. A.S. acsian or axian, to ask.
A yan, one person ; as, " Wha wos they
yar ? " " Sick a yan ; " for " Who was
there!" " Such a one."
Azzard, n. a little thriveless child or
person, irritable, and full of monkey
tricks.
Azzy, n. a wayward child.
B.
Bab, n. baby, a child.
Babble, v.i. to talk without sense, or
idly. O.N. babba, balbutire, from
babb, inarticulata vox, Dan. bable,
Du. babbeln, to babble, to prate, N.
Fris. babbeln, garrire more infantum,
N.Er. babbiller, to babble, talk over-
much, Du. babbel, a babbling or
prattling, N.Fr. babil, babble.
Babble, n. (1) an idle tale, nonsense.
(2) Noise made by hounds when they
are too busy, and open before they
are sure of the scent.
Babbling, n. a noisy discourse.
Babby, n. a baby.
Baby, n. a doll for children.
Bachelor's Buttons, n. the flower, rose
campion.
Back up, To set one's = To provoke so
as to make him angry.
Backhand, n. an iron chain over a cart
saddle which supports the shafts.
Backboord, n. a board on which dough
is rolled out.
Backen, v.t. to retard.
Back-end, n. autumn,
Backer, adj. comp. further back.
Backerd's way, adv. backwards,
Backerly, adj. late.
Backgrund (Pr. of background), n. a
place of concealment.
Backing, n. anything put behind a
front surface ; as, soil placed behind
wattling.
Back-recknin(g), n. after reckoning.
Backside, n. any premises at the back
of a house. Sw. bakside, back.
Backskin, n. a strong piece of leather
worn on the back by fishermen.
BA
BA
Backst, adj. most backward, furthest
back. Dan. bagst.
Backspan, n. a baking plate for oat
bread.
ackwo
or decline an invitation.
Backword, n. an answer to put off an
engagement.
Bad, p.p. of To bid, invited.
Bad, adj. sick, ill. [duce.
Badger, n. a travelling buyer-up of pro-
Badger, v.t. (1) to beat down in bar-
gaining. (2) To worry by the use of
irritating language.
Badly, adj. sick, ill.
Bae, v.i. to cry like a lamb.
Bae-lamb, n. a child's name for a
young lamb.
Baily, n. a bailiff, a sheriff's officer.
Bain, adj. (1) near. O.N. bein, rectus,
directus. (2) Willing.
Bait, n. (1) a luncheon. (2) The fibre
of wood.
Bait, v.t. to stop to feed a horse.
Baiyan-flower, n. the daisy.
Baiyath (Pr. of bath), v.t. (1) to bathe
with water, to foment. (2) To rub
liniment or lotion well in.
Baiyath, Pr. of both.
Bakhouse, Pr. of bake-house.
Bakin', n. the quantity of bread baked
at one time.
Balk (Pr. bauk or boke), n. (1) a large
piece of felled timber. W. and Gael.
bale, Manx balk, A.S. balca, Sw. balk.
beam, balk. (2) The strong beam
which, running horizontally, unites
the principal rafters of a building.
(3) A fishing balk ; a long wattled
hedge of a semi-circular form set
upon the sea-sands, which compels
the fish at the ebb of the tide to
make towards the deepest part, where
there is a semi-circular bower of nets
to catch them. 0 . N. bdlkr, a hedge
of wood, S.G. balk, sepimentum. (4)
A ridge or strip of land left un-
ploughed in a tillage field. S.G. balk,
porca, a ridge between two furrows.
Balk, v.t. to pass over, to pass by, to
disappoint.
Ball, n. (1) the pupil of the eye. (2)
The palm of the hand. (3) The
round part of the bottom of a horse's
foot. " Whar is it 1 " It's i' 't ball o'
't foot."
Balled, adj. white-faced.
Ballet, Corr. of ballad.
Bam, n. a false mocking tale, a gibe.
Armor, bamein, to deceive ; and
Gael, beum, a cut or sarcasm.
Bam, v.t. to employ a mode of punish-
ment at school, well known to school
boys.
Bamboozle, v.t. to cheat, to make game
of.
Bammed, p.p. struck, beaten.
Ban, n. a curse. A.S. ban, interdictum,
excommunication.
Band, n. (1) the iron hinges of a door
or gate. (2) A wooden fastening for
a cow's neck.
Band, j»re£. of bind. " He band him tull
a tailor "= He bound him to a tailor.
Band, n. the summit of a minor hill ;
as, " Swirl band," Tilberthwaite fell.
Welsh, bant, height.
Band, ) n. a chain across a horse's
Backhand, ] back holding up the
shafts.
Bandish, Corr. of bandage.
Bands, n. the hinges of a door.
Bandy- cat, n. a game played with
sticks rounded or curved at the lower
end, called Bandy-cats, and a small
wooden block called a kiddy or cat.
See Catty.
Bane. See Bain.
Bang, v.t. (1) to beat in competition ;
to surpass. (2) To strike. (3) v.i.
To go with rapidity, "She bang'd
out o' t' dure, and we saa na meyar
on her." O.N. bdnga, pulso, percutio,
Dan. banke, to beat, thrash, drub.
Bang, n. a blow. O.N. bang, pulsatio,
Dan. bank, a drubbing, thrashing,
beating.
Banger, n. (1) a hard blow. (2) A great
falsehood.
Bank up, v.i. to collect in masses:
" It is banking up," spoken of clouds
gathering before a shower.
Bannock, n. a small loaf or cake, made
of oatmeal. Gael, bannach, a cake.
Bantlin', n. an infant.
Bant y- cock, ) n. fowls of the Bantam
Banty-hen, ] breed.
Bar, v.t. to shut, to close ; as, "Bar them
out." _
Bar, adj. bare.
Barfet, adj. barefoot. "Barfet an' bar
legg'd " = Barefoot and bare legged.
A.S. barfot, O.N. berf&ttr, nudipes,
Dan. barfodet, barefooted.
5
BA
BA
Bark, v.i. Foxes are said to bark at
rutting time.
Barked, adj. encrusted with dirt.
Barkam, n. a horse's collar. See Bar-
riham.
Barley, v.t. to bespeak. An exclam-
ation frequently used by children
when they wish to obtain the first
choice. Manx barelkiam, I would
rather.
Barm, n. yeast. W. burym, A.S. bearme,
N.Fris. barm, yeast, Gael, beirm, S.G.
berma.
Barn, n. a child. Also used in a
familiar way of speaking to one
another. O.Fris. bern, N.Fris., M.G.,
O.N., Dan., S.G., and Sw. barn, "At
be wi' bam " = To be enceinte ; at ga
wi' barn: Comp. Sw. " Att ga med
barn."
Barn-time, n. the time during which
a woman may have children.
Barnish, adj. childish. M.G. barnishs,
childish, O.N. barnwska, pueritia,
Dan. barnlig, childish.
Barn-laikings, n. potsherds placed in
the form of horses or other figures ;
literally, children's playthings.
Barnless, adj. childless. A.S. "
0. Fris. bernlas, Sw. barnlos.
Barns, n. issue, progeny. A.S.
Barns' barns, n. grandchildren. M.G.
barne barna.
Barragan, n. a sort of fustain.
Barren, adj. said of a cow or ewe, not
in calf or lamb.
Barren, n. the exterior sexual parts of
a cow. Comp. Sc. birn, matrix.
[Prov. Sw. bdrane, barne, Prov. Dan.
beer end, Old Dan. bairoende, from O.N.
bera, O.Sw. hcera, to bring forth, of
which word Ihre remarks that it is
applied simply to the parturition of
cows. Ed.].
Barriham, n. a horse's collar. See
Barkam. [This word appears in
many other forms, as harfhame, bar-
son, braffam, braugham, baurgham,
brecham, etc. The old forms ham-
berwe, kanaborough, noticed by Mr.
Wedgwood, give the same elements,
but in different order, the simple
meaning being protection against the
names. A.S. beorgan, to protect,
PL D. bargen, Dut. and Germ, bergen,
id. Ed.].
Barring- out, n. an ancient custom at
schools, until lately prevalent, when
6
the boys, at the commencement of
harvest, bar out the master from the
school, and demand the day's holiday.
Barrow (Pr. barra), n. (1) a large heap
of stones. A.S. bearow, a high or
hilly place, a hill covered with wood,
Gael, bara, id., Manx barrey. (2)
The side of a rocky hill ; quite as
often, or oftener, the hill itself, par-
ticularly the top or conical part of
the hill : often a post-fix ; as, Trow-
barrow, Torrisholme barrows, How-
barrow, Backbarrow, Underbarrow,
Warkbarrow.
Basket-swerde, n. a sword with a hilt
formed to protect the hand from
injury.
Bass, n. a name for the perch (fish).
Bassin, n. Pr. of basin.
Bass-mat, n. See Bast.
Bast, n. a species of matting made of
the inner rind of bark. Du. bast,
bark, O.N., Dan., and Sw. bast, the
inner bark of the lime tree, A.S.
bcest, S.G. bast, cortex tilise, Sw. bast,
Dan. bast-maat, bast-mat.
Baste, v.t. to sew slightly.
Bastert, Pr. of bastard. O.Fr. basterd,
Du. bastaert, W. basdardd.
Bat, n. a blow or stroke.
Bat, v.t. to beat, to strike ; as to beat
the dust out of a door-mat by strik-
ing it against a wall, or to beat it
with a stick with the same object.
N . Fris. bat, to beat, to strike.
Bat, n. a blow : as, " Gi' him a bat " =
Give him a blow. Also metaph. for
rate, speed, manner of action ; as,
"At that bat " = At that speed ;
" He's at th' old bat =He is playing
the old game ; e.g. drunk, as usual.
Bat-beggar, n. a beadle.
Batch, n. a heap or quantity of any-
thing ; literally, the entire quantity
of bread baked at one time, whence
all the other applications of the
word.
Bate, v.t. to abate or diminish.
Bate, n. the fibres or grain of wood.
See Bait.
Batter, n. repeated blows, as with a
battering ram.
Batter, v.i. a wall which diminishes
in thickness upwards is said to batter.
Battered. A horse with tender feet is
said to be battered.
Battin', n. the straw of two sheaves
folded together.
BA
BE
See Balk, vb. and n.
Battle-royal, n. a fight that used to
be fought between several cocks,
where the one that stood longest was
the victor.
Bauk,
Bawk,
Bawm, Pr. of balm.
?£; } Gott. o£ prep. by. [court#
Beadle, n. a crier or messenger of a
Beak (Corr. of bake), v.t. to soften wood
and sticks in the fire for use with-
out burning them.
Beak (Corr. of beak), n. the bill of a
bird. Gael, beic, N.Fr. bee.
Beal, v.i. to roar out, to give mouth,
to bellow as cattle. O.N. belja,
O.Sw. bcelia, bala, N. baula, belja,
O.E. belly n, to low as neat.
Beam, Pr. of beam.
Beam-filling, n. masonry or brickwork
employed to flush or to fill up a wall
between joists or beams.
Bean, Pr. of bone.
Bean-cods, n. the pods of beans. A.S.
bean-coddas.
Beanfire, Pr. of bonfire.
Bear, n. a door-mat.
Bear, Pr. of bear.
Beard, v.t. to top a wall with thorns.
Bearding, n. thorn bushes stuck into
a bank or hedge.
Bearer, n. a martingale.
Bearers, n. the persons who bear or
carry a corpse to the grave.
Beas, n. pi. cows, cattle collectively.
See Beast.
Beast, ) n. an animal of the beeve kind
Beost, ) in a fatting state ; more
generally, any single animal of the
ox kind.
Beat, v.i. Hares are said to beat when
they make a noise at rutting time.
Beater, n. a wooden mallet used for
various purposes.
Beath, Pr. of both.
Beck, 11. a small stream, a brook. O.N.
beckr or beklcr, rivus, Sw. back, a
brook, a rivulet, Dan. bcek, a brook, a
rill, S.G. beck
Beck, n. a hint, or nod.
Becose, ) -n f ,
Becoze, \ Pr" of because'
Bed, pret. of To bid, offered ; as, " He
bed a hundred pound."
Beddin', n. bedding, bedclothes ; also
straw under horses or cattle. A.S.
bedding.
Bedeet, adj. dirtied.
Bed-gown, n. a loose kind of jacket,
formerly much worn by the female
peasantry instead of an ordinary
dress.
Bedizened, adj. decked or dressed out
gaudily.
Bed-joints, n. the natural joints of
stone as it lies in the beds of rocks.
Beear. See Bear.
Beeboe, To go to : a child's term for
going to sleep.
Bee-breead, n. a brown substance with
which some of the cells of a honey-
comb are filled.
Beeld, ) n. (1) an object which shelters,
Bield, ) as a large bush, a wall, a
shed. (2) Shelter, protection, or de-
fence.
Beery, adj. the worse for drink, tipsy,
intoxicated.
Beest-milk, n. the milk given by a
cow immediately after calving. Du.
biest, curdled milk, A.S. beost or byst,
bysting, biestings.
Beetle, n. a heavy wooden hammer,
such as is used by paviors ; also
called a rammer. A.S. bitl, a mallet.
Be far, a deprecatory exclamation.
Beheyav, Pr. of behave.
Behint, prep, behind.
Behoaf, Pr. of behalf.
Behodden, Pr. of beholden.
Belaa, Pr. of below.
Belder, v.i. to roar, to bellow.
Beleng, ) Pr. of belong. But the vb.
Belang, \ takes a quasi active sense in
ordinary usage ; as, " Yon house
belangs me;" "The stock and crops
belengivj James F."
Belike, adv. likely, perhaps, probably.
Belive, adv. before long, by and by,
quickly, presently, immediately.
Belk, n. an eructation. A.S. bale.
Belk, v.i. to belch. AS. bealcan.
Bellow, v.i. to make the noise a roe
does at rutting time,
Bell-wedder, n. the wether sheep which
carries the bell at the head of the
flock.
Belly-timmer, n. food. O.N. beli, sto-
machus, and timbr, ligna.
Belly- wark, n. the colic. O.N. beli,
A.S. bcelig, stomachus, A.S. wcerc,
pain.
Belve, v.t. to drink greedily.
Bemean, v.i. to moan; as, "T' cow
bemeans itself "= The cow moans.
7
BE
BI
Bene, n. a prayer or petition.
Bensil, v.t. to beat, to thrash.
Bent, ) n. a long coarse grass,
Bent-girse, ] which chiefly grows on
the moors, a species of ribbon grass.
(Agrostis canina, Linn).
Beside, adv. by the side of.
Besom, n. a broom, generally made of
birch or heather. A.S. besem, O.Fris.
besma, Sw. besem.
Bessy-blakeling, n. the yellow-hammer.
Bete, to amend, to repair. AS. betan;
as, "To bete t' fire " = To mend the
fire by putting more fuel on. Comp.
A.S. betan fyr, to mend or repair a
fire, to light or make a fire, to kindle,
Du. boeten het vyer.
Bethink, v.i. to recollect.
Better, v.t. to improve ; as, "He can't
better hissel " = He cannot improve
his present position. A. S. beterian,
O.Fris. beteria, O.N. betra, emendo,
Sw. battra, to amend, to improve.
Betterin', n. an improving, amending,
improvement. A.S. beterung, O.Fris.
beteringe.
Bettermer, adj. better.
Betwattled, adj. confounded, stupi-
fied, in a distressed and confused
state of mind.
Bevellin'. " He gev him a gud bevel-
foV"=He gave him a good beating.
Beyad (Pr. of bade), pret. of bide, to
abide, continue.
Beyak, Pr. of bake. See Beak.
Beyan, Pr. of bone. A.S. ban, O.N.
bein, M.G. bain, Dan. been.
Bezzle, v.i. to drink hard, to tipple.
Bib, v.i. to drink, to guzzle.
Bicker, v.i. to use bitter words in con-
tention. W. bicra, to fight, to skir-
mish, to bicker.
Bickerin[g], n. a using of bitter words
in contention. W. bicre, a conflict,
a bickering.
Bid, v.t. to invite. O.N. bioda, Dan.
byde, Sw. bjuda, N. bjoda, M.G.
biudan, A.S. beddan, all meaning to
bid, to invite ; Prov. Dan. e hele by
er bo'den til cervol=t]ie whole town-
ship is bidden to the Arval.
Bidding -wedding, n. a wedding of
poor persons, to which guests are
specially invited, or bidden, and who
are expected to contribute each an
offering, which is received by the
bride, and the accumulated amount
of which becomes the property of
the newly-married pair, to aid them
in their house-keeping.
Biddy, n. a louse.
Bide, v.t. and i. (1) to dwell, to remain,
to abide. (2) To bear, to endure.
A.S. bidan, to bide, abide, await,
remain, tarry, expect, O.Fris. bidia,
0.~N.bi$a, to await or remain, S.G.
bida, to remain, to stay, Sw. bida
to stay, tarry, await, M.G. beidan,
to look for, expect, W. bydiaw, to
live at, dwell.
Bield. See Beeld.
Bieldy, adj. snug.
Bifoa, Pr. of befall.
Bifoan, Pr. of befallen.
Bigg, n. a species of barley, having
four rows, O.N. bygg, hordeum
vulgare, S.G. bjugg, barley, Dan. byg.
Bigg, v.t. to build. A.S. byggan, S.G.
and Sw. bygga, instruere, Dan. bygge.
Biggin', n. a building. Lunesd. Sw.
byggning, Dan. bygning.
Bijen, inter j. truly ! (By St. John.)
Bile, n. a boil. A.S. by I, O.Fris. beil.
Bilk, v.t. to cheat.
Bill, n. a bill-hook for hedging pur-
poses. A.S. bill, S.G. bil, a hatchet.
Bills slins \ bar that shot (at marbles).
Bind, v.t. to bind ; pret. band, p.p. bund.
AS. bindan, O.Fris. binda, O.N.
binda, S.G. bifida, ligare, M.G. bin-
dan, pret. band, pi. bundum.
Birk, n. a birch tree {Betula alba,
Linn.). O.N. birk and bjork, betula,
S.G. bjork, betulus, Sw. bjork, Dan.
birk, A.S. byre.
Birl, v.a. to serve or pour out wine or
other liquor at an entertainment.
A.S, byrlian, to give to drink, to act
as butler.
Birler, n. the master of the revels at a
sale, or a bidding-wedding, whose
duties it is to superintend the re-
freshments, and birl out the wine or
other drink. 0. N. byrlari, pincerna,
a cup-bearer.
Birry, n. a gooseberry.
Birry-pie, n. gooseberry tart.
Bishop. Milk that is burned in the
pan is said to be bishopped, or some-
times that " the bishop has set his
foot in it."
Bishopp'd poddish, porridge burnt in
the pan.
BI
BL
Bisky, n. a biscuit.
Bit, n. (1) a bite. (2) Food. A.S. and
O.Fris. bit, a bite.
Bite, n. the hold which the short end
of a lever has upon the thing lifted.
"A short bite," or "a long bite"
also means a greater or lesser degree
of length from the fulcrum.
Bite, v.i, to smart.
Bi t' mess, by the mass.
Bitter-sweet, n. a kind of apple, par-
taking of the nature of a crab.
Blaa, v.i. to breathe. It is simply a
a mode of Pr. of blow.
Blaa, n. bloom, blossom.
Blaan, p.p. blown, out of breath with
exertion. A cow or beast is said to
be blaan when suffering from the
distention arising from the fermen-
tation of green food, A.S. bldwan,
p.p. of blaivan, to blow.
Blabber, v.i. to talk idly. O.N. blabbra,
balbutire, Dan. blabbre, to babble.
Black, v.t. to scold, to vituperate.
Blackburn, n. a blackberry.
Black -clock, n. the common black
beetle. O.H.G. chuleich, a beetle.
Black-frost, n. frost without rime.
Blackguard, n. a low, coarse, abusive
person.
Blackguard, v.t. to vituperate in strong
and not over choice terms.
Blacking, n. a scolding. See Black.
Black-leg, n. a disease amongst calves.
Black-ouzel, n. a blackbird. 0. N.
blakkr, A.S. blac, black, and A.S.
ode, an ousel, a blackbird.
Black-ox-trodden, adj. worn with age
or care.
Black-puddings, n. puddings made of
blood, suet, and groats stuffed into
the intestines of pigs, aud which,
when boiled, are quite black.
Blaebirry, n. the bilberry.
Blake, adj. (1) pale yellow. (2) Of a
faded black colour. 0. N. bleikr, Dan.
bleg, A.S. bide.
Blake, Pr. of bleak.
Blake, ) n. the yellow bunting, or
Blakeling, j yellow-hammer.
Blare, v.i. to roar, to bellow. Du.
blaaren, to bellow.
Blast, n. A disruption of the rock, in
mining or quarrying operations, by
means of gunpowder, is called a blast.
Blate, Pr. of bleat.
3£££ | *• Blaebirry.
Blazing-star, n. a comet.
Blea, adj. livid, of a pale bluish colour.
O.N. bldr, livid, S.G. bid, Dan. blaa,
blue.
Bleaned, adj. half dried; of linen or
clothes bleached or sweetened by
hanging out.
Blear, Pr. of blare.
Bleared, adj. red and swollen about
the eyes from the effects of crying.
Blear-ee'd, adj. red and swollen about
the eyes.
Bleaw, Pr. of blew. Comp. bleow, pret.
of A.S. bldwan, to blow.
Bleb, yi. a bubble, a blister, a blain.
Bleddher, Pr. of bladder.
Bledder, v.i. to cry aloud, to blubber.
Blend, v.t. to mix.
Bleumilk, n. skimmed milk,
Bleyam, Pr. of blame.
Blind, adj. abortive ; applied to nuts
when without kernels, and to flowers
and herbs when abortions.
Blink, v.t. (1) to evade, to shy. (2) v.i.
to smile, to look kindly ; generally
applied to females.
Blinkard, n. a nearsighted person.
Blinkers, n. pieces of leather attached
to a horse's head-collar.
Blitely, Pr. of blithely. "She dud poo
away rarely when she ligged herself
blitely tull it" = She did pull away
(rowed) famously when she applied
herself freely to it. A.S. blvSlice,
gladly, joyfully, willingly, Du. blijde-
lijck, joyfully, gladly, or cheerfully,
O.N. bW&liga, comiter, amice.
Bliw, Pr, of blue.
Bliw-caps, n. meadow scabious.
Bliw-milk. See Bleumilk.
Blob, n. a bubble, a blister.
Blobber, v.i. to cry.
Blood, v.t. to let blood, to bleed with
a lancet. "He's been bloodirt him"
= He has been taking blood from
him.
Blooding, n. a bloodletting, a bleeding
with a lancet.
Bloom, n. blossom of fruit trees.
Blotching-paper, n. blotting-paper.
Blother, v.i. to make a fuss and noise.
Blubber, v.i. to cry, to sob.
Bluddy-baiyans, Baa head an'
bluddy-beyans, the name of a hob-
goblin much feared by children.
Blud-steyan (Pr. of blood-stone), a
green semi-transparent pebble, with
red spots in it like blood spots.
9
BL
BO
Bludsucker, n. a leech. O.K blodsuga,
hirudo.
Bluff, adj, (1) hearty, out spoken. (2)
Bather arrogant, self-confident.
Blur, n. a blot, an imperfection.
Bo, Pr. of ball.
Bo, n. a hobgoblin. W. bo, a goblin, a
bugbear ; bw, fear, a bugbear. See
Boggart.
Boal, v.i. to roar out, to bawl, to give
mouth.
Boam, Pr. of balm.
Bob, n. (1) a blow. (2) A bunch.
Bob, v.t. (1) to fish. (2) To disappoint.
Bobbersome, adj. saucy, forward, in
high spirits.
Bobbery, n. a squabble, a tumult.
Bobbin, n. a reel for thread. Du. bobyne,
Sw. bobin, Fr. bobine, a skein or hank
of thread.
Bobbish, adj. brisk, pretty well in
health.
Bobtail, v.t. to cut off the tail of a
horse.
Bo'd, Pr. of bald.
Boddum, Pr. of bottom.
Boddumest, adj. lowest.
Bodily, adv. excessively, entirely.
Bodder, Pr. of bother, to perplex.
Comp. Gael, bodhair, to deafen, W.
bythario, to stun, Manx, boir, to
trouble, to disturb.
Body, n. the middle aisle of the nave
of a church, or the nave itself.
Boggart, n. an apparition, a hobgoblin.
W. bwg, a hobgoblin, biogwth, to
threaten or scare, Gael, bocan, a hob-
goblin, a spectre, Manx, buggam, a
bugbear, a brownie, a scarecrow,
something -to frighten.
Boggle, v.i. (1) to flinch, to start as a
horse does ; to hesitate ; to be afraid.
(2) v.i. To hide oneself through fear.
Boggle, n. a scruple, a difficulty; as,
"He med a boggle about it"=He
made a scruple (or difficulty) of it.
Boggy-bo, n. a goblin. W. bivg-bo, a
boggart, Gael, bo, an interjection to
excite terror in children.
Bogie, n, a kind of cart with low wheels
and long shafts, used by masons to
move large stones.
Boilin[g]. "T" heyal boilirC on 'em"
= The whole party.
Boke, Pr. of balk.
Bole, n. the body or trunk of a tree.
O.N. boir, truncus arboris, S.G. bol,
Sw. boll.
10
Bolster, n. the bed of a timber car-
riage.
Bolt, v.t. (1) to dislodge a rabbit. (2)
v.i. To run away.
Bone, v.t. to steal (cant term).
Bone-flower, n. the daisy. See Baiyan
flower.
Bonnily, adv. prettily, nicely, satis-
factorily.
Bonny, adj. pretty, nice, pleasing, fair.
Boo, Pr. of bough.
Booard, Pr. of board.
Booat, Pr. of boat.
Booing, 11. bleating, making a noise
like cattle.
Book, ) Pr. of bulk, size, quantity ;
Bouk, ) as, " To be a gay book of an
age"=To be considerably advanced
in years.
Bookcraft, n. literature. A.S. boccraft.
Bool, n. (1) the handle of a basket,
pan, milking can, etc. (2) A child's
trundling hoop. W. bwl, a round
hollow body, S.G, by gel, a bending, a
rounding.
Booly, 11. a child's hoop.
Boon-days, n. (1) days when statute
work on the highways is performed.
(2) The days on which the tenants
are bound, under the feudal system,
to work for their lord gratis. O.N.
b6n, an entreaty, a prayer. [From
being originally a thing asked, boon
seems to have come to signify, first,
the same thing freely granted, and
then exacted or enforced.]
Boon-plooing, n. a day's ploughing
given by neighbouring farmers to a
new comer who has lately entered
on a farm. See Boon-days.
Boore, Pr. of bore.
Boose, n. a stall for cattle. A.S. bosg,
bosig, O.N. bds, N.Fris. bosem.
Boosy, adj. intoxicated.
Boot, n. amends, compensation,. A.S.
b6t, O.N. bot, satisfactio, reparatio,
Manx, booit.
Boot, v. impers. to signify or matter,
to profit, to reap advantage. Sw. bata,
to boot, to profit, Du. boete, profit.
Bootlese-bene, n. unavailing prayer.
Bor (Pr. of bur), n. (1) the prickly seed of
the burdock {Arctium lappa, Linn.).
Comp. W. bor, a bunch of tuft, Gael.
borr, a knob, S.G. borre, a thistle,
N. Fris. borre, the burdock. (2) A halo
round the moon.
Bordin, Pr. of burden.
BO
BR
Bord-cleyath, n. a table-cloth.
Born, Pr. of burn. "Born tha," an
expression of displeasure.
Born-fool, n. an idiot.
Borrel, n. a heap or quantity ; as, " A
borrel o' staiyans "=a heap of stones.
Borrowed-days, n. very fine days in
early spring which follow a long
season of bad weather, and which
are generally followed by further
bad weather.
Bortree, n. the elderberry tree.
Bortree-jack, n. elderberry wine.
Bosom, v.i. to eddy; said of the wind.
Bozon, Pr. of boatswain.
Boss, n. a protuberance.
Botch, v.t. to mend clumsily, to mis-
manage. Sw, lota, to patch, Du.
boetsel, mending, bettering, O.S.
botian, O.H.G. buozen.
Botch, n. mismanagement.
Bots, n. a kind of worms troublesome
to horses.
Bottle, n. a bundle of hay or straw.
Er. ooteler, to bundle up, to make
into bottles or bundles, from boteau,
a bundle or bottle of hay.
Bottle-nose, n. a porpoise.
Bottle-up, v.t. to treasure up in one's
memory.
Bought-breyad, n. baker's bread.
Bouk (Pr. of bolk), n. an eructation.
Bould, Pr. of bold.
Boulder, n. a hard stone rounded from
attrition. Du. bollen, to roll.
Bonn, adj. ready to go, going, starting.
Bonn, adj. bound, under obligation.
Bout, n. (1) a contest, a struggle. (2)
A turn or spell at anything ; as, "A
drinking bout "= A set-to at drinking.
(3) In ploughing, the distance from
one side of a field to the other and
back again.
Bout, adv. without, except. "Bout's
beyar but it's easy," a proverbial
phrase used by unmarried women in
reference to a husband, meaning — If
to be without is bare, it is easy.
Bow, v.t. to bend.
Bowk, v.t. to wash clothes in lye.
Du. buycken.
Bowking-dub, n. a pool used for
washing clothes in lye. Often found
in homesteads in Lunesdale. There
is one near Ravenscar farm. M.
dhubbey, a pool.
Bowster, Pr. of bolster.
Bowt, Pr. of bought.
Box-and-dice, n. a game of hazard.
Bra', (pr. braw), n. the upper part of
a bank or abrupt declivity, any
broken ground above a descent.
Braal, Pr. of brawl.
Braan (pr. brah-an), n. a boar pig.
See Brawn.
Brack, pret. of To break.
Brack, n. a break or precipitous rise in
the level of the ground.
Brackens, n. ferns generally.
Brade, ) v.i. to resemble or approach
Braid, \ to likeness to a person or
thing. An equivocation may be said
to "brade on lying." Sw. bras, to
be like, to resemble, O.N. bregma.
Brag, v.i. to boast.
Brag, n. an old game at cards.
Braid, v.t. to retch, to vomit.
Brake, n. a fern.
Branded, adj. mixed red and black.
Applied to the colour of a beast, the
hairs of the coat of which are of
both colours thoroughly intermingled.
Brand-fire-new, adj. quite new.
Brandlin', n. a species of trout.
Brandling, n. a worm found in old
manure or tanner's bark.
Brandreth, n. an iron tripod fixed
over the fire, on which a pot or
kettle is placed. A.S. brandred, a
branding iron, a gridiron. [bread.
Brandy-snap, n. a brittle wafer ginger-
Brang, pret. of To bring.
Branlins, n. See Brandling.
Bran-new, ) adj. quite new. Du.
Bran-span-new, \ brandt-niew.
Brant, adj. steep, difficult of access.
S.G. and Sw. brant, steep, O.N.
brattr, N. bratt.
Brash, n. (1) a rush with great impetus
into or against anything. (2) An
impetuous person. (3) A rash or
eruption. [This word is, it would
seem, nearly related to breach, break.
Comp. Brashment. Ed.]
Brash, n. a sudden rising of acid or
acrid matter from the stomach into
the mouth, as in heartburn. [O.E.
braky n, " to caste or spewe." Pr. Sw.
brdkka se, Dan. broekke sig, Germ.
sich brechen, to be sick, to vomit. Ed.]
Brash, v.i. to run headlong at, to do
anything hastily or rashly ; as, " I
brashed at it "=I attacked it with a
rush. Comp. W. brisiaw, to make
haste, to hasten, Gael, bras, rash,
impetous. See Brask, Brizz.
11
BR
BR
Brashment, n. refuse branches or
boughs of fallen timber, fit only for
firewood.
Brask, v.t. to do anything hastily or
rashly. Comp. S.G. brask, to get up
a disturbance, Sw. braska, to rustle,
to bustle.
Brass, n. (1) copper coin. (2) Metaph.,
money generally ; as in the Roman ces,
which from its primitive sense signi-
fying copper, came to signify money,
because the first coins were made of
it. So of the Greek apyvpiov, silver
generally, and thence money, cash.
Brast, pret. of To burst.
Brat, n. a pinafore or apron. W. brat,
a piece, a clout, A.S. bratt, a cloak,
Gael, brat, a mantle or covering.
Brave, adj. fine, good ; as, "It's been
brave weddher fer t'harrest." Du.
bref, gentle, handsome, Fr. brave,
fine, gorgeous in apparel.
Bravely, adj. and adv. (1) well, in
good health ; as, " How's t' wife ? "
— "Bravely, thenk ya." (2) Capitally,
exceUently. Comp. Du. braeflijck,
handsomely.
Brawn, n. a boar. See Braan.
Bray, v.t. to pound, to beat, to thrash.
Bray, v.i. to cry.
Brazzen, adj. brazen, (metaph.) im-
pudent.
Bread, n. Pr. of bread.
Bread-cratch. See Cratch.
Bream, Pr. of broom, the plant.
Breast-milk, n. the human mother's
milk, as distinguished from the milk
of animals. O.N. briosta mjolk.
Breathing-while, n. a time sufficient
for drawing breath, any short period
of time, in the way of an interval.
Breck, v.t. to break. Comp. S.G.
brcecka. " To breck a matter up "=
To tell out what had been kept secret.
Breck, n. (1) a breaking or fracture.
(2) Metaph. a quarrel, commotion, or
violent fracas, a rupture. W. breg, a
rent or breach, Sw. brack, a rupture.
Breddher, Pr. of brother.
Brede, n. breadth. A.S. braid, Dan.
brede, Du. breedte.
Breed on, v.i. to be like unto, to re-
semble. See Brade or Braid.
Breet, Pr. of bright.
Brek. See Breck.
Bren, v.t. to burn. O.N. brenna, ardere,
flagrare, S.G. braenna, and brinna,
Sw. branna, to burn.
12
Brere, n. a briar. A.S. bra?r, brer.
Bresken up, v.i. to grow lively.
Brest, ) v.t. and i. (pret. brast, pp. '
Brust, ) brossen), to burst. O.N.
bresta (pret. brast, p.p. brostinn), to
burst, to break. S.G. brista.
Bretches, Pr. of breeches.
Breyad, Pr. of braid, the Northumb,
form of broad. A.S. breed, O.N.
breidr.
Breyad-band. A term applied to corn
laid out in the field to dry, the bands
of the sheaves having been loosed
for the purpose.
Breyaden, v.t. to make wider.
Brez, v.t. to do anything energetically.
"I brezzed away at it." W. brysiaw.
Brickie, adj. brittle.
Brid, n. a bird. A.S. brid, O.E. brydde.
Bridle-sty, n. a road for a horse only.
Brief, n. a petition.
Brig, n. a bridge. A.S. brig, O.N.
bryggia, S.G. and Sw. brygga.
Briggs, n. an utensil usnd in brewing
and in dairies to set the strainer on.
Brightsome, adj. bright.
Brimming, adj. applied to a sow when
maris appetens.
Brindled, n. streaked, variously coloured.
Brisket, n. the cartilaginous part of
the breast of a calf or other slain
animal. W. brysced, Gael, brisgein,
Pr. brechet.
Brissle, v.t. to scorch.
Briw, Pr. of brew.
Briwse, Pr. of bruise.
Briwt, Pr. of brute.
Broach, v.t. to tap. "Broach a cask
or barrel."
Broasen, a form of the p.p. of brest
or brust.
Brob, ) n. small bushy sticks or branches
Brog, ) of trees, used to mark the tithe
stouks of corn or the lots of hay-
grass when on sale, etc., or to pre-
vent the netting of game. Also used
to mark the passage across the sands
of Morecambe Bay.
Brock, n. the cuckoo-spit insect. " To
sweat like a brock " is a common
simile applied to any one in a profuse
state of perspiration.
Brock, n. a badger. W. broch, Gael.
M. and A.S. broc, Dan. brok.
Broddle, v.t. to make a hole, or to goad.
Brokken, Pr. of broken. " It's nobbut
brokken wed'Ser" = The weather is
only showery, and so unfit for far1-1-
BR
Br-
ing operations, such as haymaking,
reaping, ploughing, etc. Comp. Dan.
brokken.
Brossen, p.p. of To brust.
Brott, n. short broken straws shaken
out or separated from the larger and
more useful straw. Comp. S.G. brot,
a bursting asunder, A.S. ge-brotu,
fragments.
Brotta, n. a few drops, a small quantity,
a little in addition. " I'll tak a brotta
meyar " = I will take a few drops [or
a small piece] more.
Brown -leemers, n. ripe hazel-nuts,
which, from being perfectly ripe,
slip readily from their husks. See
Leemers.
Browt, Pr. of brought.
Bruff, adj. blunt, consequential or
rough in manners.
Bruffling-fellow, n. a blunt, conse-
quential fellow.
Brunsel, v.i. to be pompous and as-
suming.
Brush, n. thorns put upon the top of
a wall.
Brush-harra, n. a bush-harrow.
Brussle, v.t. to scorch, to dry. "They
wor brussling their shins befoor
t' fire." Fr. brusler, to singe, to
scoroh.
Brust. See Brest.
Brust, n. the breast. O.Fris. brust.
Buck. Said of the hare and rabbit
when maris appetens.
Buckle to, v.t. (1) to marry. (2) To
set to a thing. (3) To harness a
horse to a carriage or cart.
Budge, v.i. to move off, generally un-
willingly.
Buff, n. a ribbon or tape bow.
Buft, n. (1) the joint of the knee or
elbow. (2) A ribbon bow. See Buff.
Bullace, ) n. a large sloe {Prunus insi-
Bullas, ] titia, Linn.). W. bwlas,
winter sloes, bullace, Gael, bwlaistear.
Bull-finch, n. a name occasionally ap-
plied to a chaffinch.
Bull-heeod, n. a tadpole.
Bull-jumpings, n. a kind of porridge.
Bull-neck. " To tumble bull-necks " ==
To place the head on the ground
between the feet and tumble over.
Bulls, n. the transverse bars of wood
into which the teeth of the harrows
are set.
Bulls-and-Cows, n. the flower of the
Arum maculatum.
Bull-seg, n. a bull castrated after
having arrived at maturity.
Bull-spink, n. the chaffinch.
Bull-stang, n. the dragon fly.
Bully, n. the champion of a party, the
the eldest male person of a family.
Bully-frog, n. a small fish, with a large
head, found under stones in brooks ;
the bull-head.
Bullyrag, v.t. to banter, to rally in a
contemptous manner.
Bully-rags, n. a noisy boaster, a va-
pouring fellow.
Bum, ) n. the follower or assist-
Bumbailly, ) ant of a sheriff's officer
who gives bond to his superior for
the due execution of his office.
Hence he was called a bound-bailiff,
and provincially a bund-bailly, a term
contracted into bum-bailly to avoid
the three consecutive consonants.
(See Blackstone's Commentaries).
Bum-fiddle, n. a bass-viol.
Bummin', n. a humming. Du. bommen,
to rumble a drum.
Bummle, v.i. to blunder.
Bummle-bee, n. a humble bee.
Bump, v.t. to beat.
Bump, n. a blow.
Bump, n. a bittern ; also the booming
noise it makes. W. bwmpy gors, a
bittern.
Bumping, adj. large.
Bumping, n. a mode of punishment at
schools. See Bam.
Bumpy, adj. uneven.
Bund, pret. of To bind.
Bunden, adj. bound.
Bunnel, n. a dried hemp-stalk. " Pey
streea 's allowed to be fodder, but
hemp bunnels is good to nowt."
Burr, n. a halo round the moon.
Bush, n. the inner circle of the nave of
a wheel that encloses the axle-tree.
Busk, n. (1) a bush. (2) A small piece
of coppice wood. S.G. buske, under-
wood, Sw. buske, Dan. busk, brush,
shrub, Ital. bosco, Fr. bosquet, a
thicket.
Busky, adj. woody, bushy. Lat. boscus.
Buss, n. a kiss. Comp. W . and Gael.
bus, a lip, S.G. puss, osculum, Sw.
puss, smack, kiss.
Bussert, Pr. of buzzard.
Butch, v.t. (1) to do the office of a
butcher. (2) To follow the business
of a butcher ; as, " He used to be a
farmer, but he butches now."
13
BU
CA
Butter-and-bread. Instead of bread
and butter, as in most other places ;
as also " Cheese and bread."
Butter-fingert, adj. said of persons
who are apt to let things fall.
Butter-keyak, n. a slice of bread and
butter. "No, thank ya hes lost
many a good butter-keyak."
Butter-mouthed, adj. said of persons
who are afraid to speak out plainly.
Buttershag, n, a slice of bread and
butter.
Butter-teeth, the two middle incisors
in front of the upper jaw.
Buttery, n. (1) a pantry. (2) A dairy.
Comp. Du. botteleyre, a buttery, a
larder, W. bwtty, a buttery.
Butting, n. an abutting end of a fence.
Buttockt. "I buttockt him" = I threw
him over my hip in wrestling.
Butts, n. (1) the headlands of a field.
(2) Corners of the field.
Butty, n. (1) a companion, a friend.
(2) An unfair player.
Buxom, adj. sprightly, blithe, active,
good-humoured. A.S. bocswn, obe-
dient. This word has evidently di-
verged from its original meaning in
this part of the country.
Buzz, v.t. to empty a bottle of wine in
carousing.
Buzzard, n. (1) a moth. (2) A coward.
By, prep, of, or relating to. " I knaa
nowt by him but weel."
By, n. a by place. "By or dark corner."
By far, adv. much.
By gog. A vulgar oath.
By Jen = By St. John.
By-neyam, n. a nickname, a soubriquet.
By- wipe, n. an indirect sarcasm.
&jpr-0fc0ld-
Caakered, adj. applied to clogs, or
wooden-soled shoes, and implying
shod with iron.
Caakers, n. iron tippings at the toe
and heels of clogs. Comp. Lat. calcar,
the heel.
Cabbage, n. the head (boy's term).
Cabbish, Pr. of cabbage.
Cackle, v.i. to babble. Du. kakelen, to
prate.
Caddie, v.t. to attend officiously on
any person or thing.
14
Cade, n. an animal brought up by hand.
Caff, n. chaff. A.S. cef, Du. kaf.
Caffle, v.i. to cavil. O.N. kaf a, to scoff
absurdly, Dan. ki&vle, to wrangle or
squabble.
Caheeing, n. loud laughter.
Cail, n. a quay.
Cained, adj. having a white scum or
filament at the top ; of liquid in the
state called mothery.
Cale, v.t. to throw stones or sticks.
Call, n. a peculiar sighing in the air,
apparently at a distance, and said to
indicate an approaching storm.
Callet, n. a scold, a drab. Comp. Fin.
kelitti, a tattler or babbler, N.Fr.
caillette, a ninny, a noddy, Fin. keletin,
lingua celere multum et vana loquor,
blatero, N.Fr. cailletage, gossiping,
idle talk.
Calletin, adj. pert, saucy, gossiping ;
as, A calleting housewife = a regular
confirmed scold.
Callierd, n. a hard stone.
Cam, n. (1) a ridge, hedge, or old
earthen mound. (2) Top stones set
at an angle of about forty-five de-
grees on the top of a wall leaning
against each other. A.S. camb, a
crest.
Cam, Pr. of comb.
Cam, v.t. to comb.
Camerel, n. a gambrel, or crooked piece
of wood used by butchers for hang-
ing up and expanding the legs of a
slaughtered animal. Gael, cam id.,
W. combren, crooked stick, horizontal
piece of timber for hanging meat.
Camerel-houghs, n. the joints of the
hind legs by which animals are hung
by aid of the camerel.
Cample, v.i. to contend or argue per-
tinaciously or saucily. Comp. A.S.
and Du. campian, to fight, contest,
Sw. kamp, conflict, contest, kampa,
to contend.
Camstans, n. the stones which form
the coping of a wall.
Can, n. a milk-pail.
Canker, n. rust.
Cankered, adj. ill-natured, peevish,
cross, ill-conditioned.
Cannle, Pr. of candle.
Cannlemas, Pr. of Candlemas.
Canny, adj. pretty, good, neat, well-
made, clever. It is used generally
in a sense of commendation.
Cant, adj. pert or lively.
CA
CH
Cant, v.t. to set upon edge, to raise
one end of a barrel so as to cause
the contained liquid to run more
freely. Du. cant, side, edge, Germ.
kante, kanten, O.N. kanta, marginare,
kantr, ora, latus, Sw. kanta, to
border, to edge, Dan. kante.
Canty, adj. cheerful, chatty.
Cap, v.t. to overcome, to excel, to puzzle
any one, to surprise. O.N. kappi,
a champion, Dan. kappes, to enter
into or be in a contention, kap, con-
tention, Sw. kappi. See Cample,
which is a cognate word.
Cap, v.t. to mend shoes at the toe, by
putting a patch or quasi cap over
them.
Caper- cousins. A term implying that
those to whom it is applied are held
to be intimate friends.
Cap-paper, n. a coarse and porous sort
of light brownish paper.
Capper, n. (1) a person or thing that
excels. (2) A feat not to be sur-
passed. See Cap. O.N. kappi, heros,
athleta, Dan. kappes, to vie with.
Capple, v.t. to patch shoes on the upper
leather.
Caps, n. the hoodsheaves of corn-shocks.
Caps and Sheds. " It caps and sheds
all ; " i.e. it exceeds anything very
much.
Capt, adj. to be set fast, to be in a
difficulty, or overcome in an argu-
ment.
Car, n. a species of gig to hold four
persons, who sit sideways.
Carder, n. a card-player.
Carding, n. playing at cards.
Cark, n. care, anxiety. Comp. A.S., W.,
and Gael, care, Fin. karkia, harsh to
the palate or touch.
Carp, v.i. to call in question with small
reason. Cf. O.N. karpa, to snarl at.
Carr, n. a swampy field. O.N. kjorr,
ker, a marsh, a piece of marshy land,
S.G. kcerr, id., N. kjerr, Dan. kcer.
Carren, Pr. of carrion.
Carriage-silver, n. a rent paid in Cart-
mel before land was enfranchised in
lieu of carrying-service due to the
Lord of the Manor.
Cart- heck, n. the moveable part which
closes the back of a cart.
Cart-reyack, n. the ruts or traces
made by a cart's wheels.
Cart-saddle,
the saddle which is
placed on the shaft-horse of a team.
Case, v.t. to skin an animal.
Cassen, p.p. of to cast. See Kessen.
Cast, v.t. (1) to throw down ; as, " To
cast a horse," to throw him down, for
any purpose for which the animal is
required to be in a lying position.
(2) To drop its young prematurely ;
of a cow, mare, etc. (3) To add up
a sum.
Cast, p.p. of To cast. (1) Warped, bent,
twisted from a rectilinear form. (2)
Thrown down and unable to rise
again ; of sheep especially, but also
of other animals.
Cat, n. a small wooden ball used in
the game of Bandy-cat.
Catcht, p.p. of To catch.
Catchwater, n. a species of drain or cut.
Cater, adj. affable, on good terms with
one's companions.
Cat-gallows, n. a boy's game, consist-
ing of jumping over a stick laid hori-
zontally on two others set upright in
the ground.
Catmallison, n. a cupboard round the
chimney in farm houses.
Catterwauling, n. courting, or rather
rambling and intriguing in the night.
Catty, n. (1) the game of Bandy-cat.
(2) A crooked stick used to strike
the knor with in the game of Catty
or Bandy.
Causey, n. a causeway.
Caw, n. a rocky cliff inhabited by
jackdaws, as 'kthe Caws" in Dunner-
dale fells.
Cawn, p.p. of To call.
Cep. See Kep.
Cess, n. a projection; as, "Cess of a
cop or fence."
Chae, Pr. of chew.
Chaff, v.t. to irritate by provoking
words.
Chaffs, n. jaws, chops. [Dan. kj&ve :
note the difference between Dan.
kjaft, O.N. kjaft, kjapt, Sw. kaft,
and kjceve, as illustrated in en kjaft
har to kjcever : one mouth has two
chaffs. Ed.]
Chalk- white, adj. quite white.
Challenge, v.i. When hounds first find
scent and give tongue they are said
to challenge.
Chammer-lye, n. fetid or stale urine.
Chance-barn, ) bastard
Chance-child, } n' a ba&tarcL
Chang, n. a ringing noise, as the musi-
cal barking of a pack of hounds.
15
CH
CH
Chap, n (1) a customer ; one willing
to buy anything you have to sell.
[O.N. kaupi, Sw. kopare, Dan. kjdber,
Prov. Sw. ko'pe, a purchaser, buyer.
The O.N. and Prov. Sw. words are
nearly approached by this form. Ed.]
Chap, n. (1) a general term for a man.
"Niwer ye mind that chap." (2) A
woman's lover or husband. [O.N.
kjaptr, Dan. kjceft, Du. kaft, a jaw,
chap. Comp. the Dan. and Prov.
Sw. idioms depending on the same
application of the word ; as, ikke en
kjaft, never a person ; hvor evige kaft,
every individual soul ; hii f amis infn
kaft hajm, there wasn't a soul to be
found in the house. Ed.]
Char, v.i. to mumble and grumble, to
mutter in a discontented way, to
chide.
Char, v.i. to work at occasional jobs.
Chass, Pr. of chase.
Chatter, v.t. to tear, to make ragged,
to bruise.
Chatter-basket, ) n. an incessant
Chatter-box, ] talker.
Chattered, p.p. bruised.
Chatter-pooak, n. a noisy prating
fellow.
Chats, n. small refuse sticks that have
fallen from trees ; also the catkins
of maple and other trees. Comp.
Fr. chattons, the catkins of nut-trees.
Chaw, Corr. of chew.
Chean, Pr. of chain.
Cheaz, Pr. of chose.
Checks, ) n. a game played by
Checkstone, ) children with round
small pebbles or knuckle bones.
Cheeks. See Door-cheeks.
Chennel, Pr. of channel.
Chepster, n. a starling.
Cherry, adj. ruddy.
Chesfat, n. a machine in which the
whey is pressed from the curd in
making cheese. A.S. cysefat, N.Fris.
■fat, a vat or barrel, O.N. fat, vas,
cujuscunque generis, Sw. fat.
Chesput, Corr. of chesfat.
Chig, ) v.t. to chew. Comp. M.
Chiggle, ] chaign, did chew, O.N.
tyggja, mandere, manducare, Dan.
tygge, to chew, to masticate.
Childer, n. children.
Chill, n. a cold taken.
Chirp, v.i. to chirp as young chickens do.
Chimley, Corr. of chimney.
Chin-clout, n. a sort of muffler.
16
Chincough, n. the hooping-cough.
Chine, n. the backbone or spine of an
animal. W. cefn, Breton, kein, back,
N.Fr. echine, chine.
Chip, v.i. to trip or strike one's foot
against some obstacle in walking.
Connected with Sc. chap, to strike.
Chip, v.i. to break or crack. An egg is
said to chip when the young bird
cracks the shell. Du. kippen, to
hatch or disclose the young bird.
Chirp-up, v.i. to cheer up, to recover
from a state of sickness.
Chist, Corr. of chest. Comp. Gael.
ciste, M. chishtey.
Chit, n. a forward child.
Chit, chit ! interj. a call to a cat. W.
titu, puss, cat (in fondling language) .
Chitter, v.i. to chirp.
Chitterlings, n. part of the giblets of
a goose.
Chitty-beam, ) n. the piece of timber
Chitty-balk, ] which binds together
the principal posts in a roof.
Chitty-feyaced, adj. baby-faced.
Chizel, ) v.t. to cheat, to overreach, to
Chizzle, ) overcome.
Choomer, Pr. of chamber.
Chock, n. a piece of wood.
Chock, adv. completely ; as, " Chock
full, full up to the very top. Swab.
schoch, a heap, g'schochet voll, full
to overflowing, heaped measures.
(Wedgw.)
Chop, v.t. to exchange or barter.
Chopped, adj. frost-bitten ; of the
skin when cracked by exposure to
frost.
Chops, n. the face about the jaws.
Chowl, 11. a jaw.
Chownder, v.i. to grumble long, angrily
and unpleasantly.
Chozsen, chosen.
Chub, v.t. to throw.
Chuck, | ii. a hen ; a word to call
Chuckie, ) hens ; a term of endear-
ment.
Chuckers, n. pieces of lead used to
play at pitch and toss with.
Chuckle-headed, adj. stupid, thick-
headed.
Chulling, ii. a state of exhaustion ;
applied to sheep after long and vain
struggling.
Church-town, a village near the church.
The town of Cartmel was formerly
called Church - town, or Cartmel
Church-town.
CH
CL
Churn-milk, n. butter-milk. Du. kerne-
rnelch.
Churring, n. the noise made by a
partridge at rising.
Cinder, v.i. anything having the pro-
perty of binding or uniting itself by
the application of heat is said to
cinder.
Cinder-peat, n. a, peat or turf of a
grey colour.
Ciss, n. the herb cicely or whiteweed.
Civil-will. See All-in-the-well.
Claa (Pr. of to claw), v.t. to scratch.
Clack, n. noisy prate, a woman's tongue.
Clack, v.i. to prate noisily. O.N. Haka,
garrire, clangere.
Clag, v.t. to stick, to adhere as clay
does. A.S. cloeg, clay, Dan. Hceg,
loam. Manx, slaghagh, how miry.
Claggy, adj. miry, sticky, glutinous.
See Clag.
Clake (a as in father), v.t. to scratch.
Clam, v.i. to starve for want of food,
to be very thirsty. Dan. clemme, to
pinch, O.N. klemma, to contract,
Goth, klammen, to pinch.
Clam, pret. of To climb.
Clam, n. clamminess, any adhesive, vis-
cous matter.
Clam, n. a kind of shell-fish.
Clame, v.t. to apply paste, to smear
any glutinous matter, over paper or
other object.
Clame up, v.t. to paste or stick up, as
an advertisement or handbill.
Clammersome, adj. clamorous.
Clamper, v.i. to tread heavily, making
a great noise in so doing. Sw. Mam-
pig, clumsy.
Clamps, n. pieces of iron at the end of
a fire-place, andirons.
Clannish, adj. with a strong attach-
ment to one's own blood or party.
Gael, clann, offspring, children.
Clap, v.i. to sit or squat down ; as,
"Clap ye down theyar" = Sit down,
or take a seat, there; "T' yaare
clapp't "=--The hare sat down.
Clap, v.t. to pat. O.N. klappa, to
stroke, touch softly, to caress.
Clap, ) n. cow's dung. W. clap, a
Cow-clap, ) round piece, clapio, to
make a lump.
Clap-benny, an action taught to in-
fants yet in their nurse's arms, to
clap their hands as the only means
they have of saying their prayers.
Clap-breead, n. cake made of oatmeal,
c
rolled thin and baked hard. Dan.
klappebrod, thin cakes beaten with
the hand.
Clapper, n. the tongue — especially
when too voluble.
Clapping-post, n. the smaller of a
pair of gate-posts, against which the
gate closes.
Clart, v.t. to daub, to besmear.
Clarty, &dj. daubed, besmeared, miry,
slippery, sticky. Comp. S.G. lort, filth.
Clash, v. t. to throw anything carelessly
down, or bang it about.
Clashy, adj. wet, sloppy.
Clat, v. t. to tattle, to tell tales.
Clat, n. a tell-tale.
Clatch, n. a brood of chickens. DaD.
klekke, to hatch, O.N. klekja.
Clate (a as in father), n. tiresome prate.
Clatter, n. noise, idle talk. A.S. clat-
rung, anything that makes a noise,
Gael, gleadhraich, loud noise, rattling.
Clatterin', n. the act of making a noise,
Comp. Gael, gleadhran, a rattle.
Clauw, n. a flood-gate in a watercourse.
W. clwdd, a dyke, an embankment ;
Lat. claudo.
Clavver, ) v.i. to climb, clamber. Dan.
Clevver, ) Havre, to clamber, scramble.
Clavver, Pr. of clover. Du. Haver,
three-leafed grass, clover, Fris. Haver.
Claw ho'd, v.t. to seize or snatch.
Clea, Pr. of claw. Comp. A.S. clea or
cleo, N. Fris. He.
Clean oneself: To wash, dress, and
arrange one's toilet.
Clean, adv. entirely ; as, " to abolish
clean?
Cleaning n. the after-birth of a cow.
A.S. clcensung, a cleansing, purifi-
cation.
Cleat (Pr. of cleat), n. a piece of
wood attached to another piece to
strengthen it ; also a piece of iron
worn on shoes by country people.
Cleath, Pr. of cloth.
Cleave (Pr. of cleave), pret. cleyov;
pp. clown.
decking, n. a chicken newly-hatched ;
as, "As leet as a decking" = as light
as a chicken.
decking, adj. said of a she-fox when
maris appetens.
Cleg, v. to cling, to climb.
Cleg, n. the horse-fly (CEstrus equi.
Linn.). Dan. Hceg.
Cleugh, n. a rocky glen ; sounded
strongly guttural. See Heugh.
17
CL
CL
Cleverboots, n. a clever person, gene-
rally in a satirical sense.
Clue ' \ n' a ka^ °^ thread or worsted.
Cleyath. See Cleath.
Cleyathe, Pr. of clothe.
Cleyaz, Pr. of clothes.
Click, v.t. to snatch or seize hastily.
Click, n. a blow.
Clicketting, adj. : applied to a fox
when maris appetens.
Cllm, v.t. and *. to climb ; pret. clam,
pi. clum, p.p. clom. A.S. climban,
pret. clamb, pi. clumbon, p.p. clomben.
Du. Mimmen, pret. eta or cfoa
Climmer, %. a climber.
Clinch, v.t. to confirm an improbable
story by a bold statement, possibly a
false one.
Clink, ) n. a hard blow. Du. Minche,
Clinker, j a box on the ears.
Clinker, n. a bad sort of coal.
Clinks, ) n. crevices amongst the bare
Clints, } rocks of a limestone moun-
tain. Comp. S.G. and Sw. Mint, top
of a mountain, a rock, Dan. Mint, a
cliff.
Clip, v.t. to shear sheep, to cut with
scissors. S.G, Mippa, Dan. Mippe,
to clip or cut.
Clip, v.t. to clasp close, to embrace.
A.S. clyppan, to clasp, to embrace.
(2) To hold together by means of a
screw, or an instrument called a clip.
Clip, n. an instrument or article em-
ployed to hold things together, as,
" a letter-clip."
Clipp'd and heeled. " Ready clipped
and heeled" = prepared to fight, like
a cock when about to be set fighting.
Clish, )
Clish-ma- clash, > n. idle discourse.
Clit-clat, )
Clit-clat, n. a great talker, a tell-tale,
a blab.
Clitter- clatter, n. a great noise.
Clo, n. a claw or talon, nail of the hand
or foot. O.N. Mo, S.G. Sw. and Dan.
Mo, a claw.
Clo, v.t. to scratch. O.N. hid, fricare,
S.G. and Sw. Ma, Dan. Moe, to
scratch, claw.
Clock, n. a general name for a beetle.
0. H. G. chuleich, scarabasus. See
Black-clock.
Clock, n. the downy head of the dande-
lion when in seed. [Probably due to
the children's amusement of blowing
18
off the seed to see what o'clock it is,
the number of puffs required being
taken to indicate the hour. Ed.].
Clock, v.i. to make the noise a hen does
when about to sit. A.S. cloccan, to
cluck, "W. clocian, to cluck as a
hen.
Clock, ) n. the clucking of a hen or
Clockin', ) noise made by her when
she wants to sit.
Clock-hen, n. a clucking hen. Du.
Mock-henne.
Clod, v.t. to throw stones. A.S. clud,
a stone, Gael, clod, to pelt with clods.
Clogs, n. a sort of shoes ; the upper
part composed of strong leather, and
the sole of wood.
Clog-wheels, n. wheels formerly in use,
made all in one piece, and not run-
ning round the axletree.
Cloo, n. See Clough.
Clooas (Pr. of close), adj. secret, re-
served, selfish.
Clot-head, n. a blockhead. Dan. Mods,
a log or block ; hence, fig. a lout, a
loggerhead.
Clott'red, adj. clotted, coagulated. Du.
Moteren, to curdle, or grow thick.
Clough (Pr. Cloo), n. a ravine or narrow
glen, a cleft in the side of a hill ; as
in "Windy clough;" "a girt ugly
clough." A.S. clough.
Clout, n. (1) a speck, pa^ch, a rag, a
piece or fragment. (2) A piece of
cloth. (3) A heavy blow. W. clwt,
A.S. clut, Gael, clud, M. clooidor,
glooid, O.N. Mutr, pannus, S.G. Mut,
Sw. and Dan. Mut.
Clout, v.t. to beat, to give a blow.
Clovv'n, Pr. of cloven.
Clow, n. a floodgate. See Clauw.
Cludder, ) v.t. (1) to pile up into heaps.
Clutter, ) W. cludeiriaw, to pile up,
cinder, a heap of anything, (2) v.i.
"To cludder togither"=To get to-
gether in a heap.
Cludder, n. a heap ; as, " 0' of a
cludder" = All of a heap.
Cludderin', n. a going together into
heaps.
Clum {pret. pi. of Clftn). See Cllm.
Clump, n. a lump, a mass. S.G. Mump,
massa.
Clunter, v.i. to walk clumsily. Du.
Monteren, to become lumpy.
Cluntering, adj. clumsy ; noisy : —
" My buckskin britches I put on,
My clunterinig) clogs to seyav my shoon."
—Old Ditty.
CL
CO
Clutter, v.i. to come in a hasty or con-
fused manner.
^jpr.ofcall.
Co, v.t. (1) to abuse by calling names.
Comp. O.N. kallsa, vituperare, calum-
niari, contumeliose loqui de aliquo.
(2) To proclaim or give notice by the
public crier, or by an auctioneer at a
sale.
Coaf (Pr. of calf), pi. coaves.
Coaf-licked, adj. having a tuft of hair
on the forehead which cannot be
made to lie in the same direction as
the rest.
Coaken, v.i. to strain in vomiting ; to
make the noise a person does when
choking.
Coaley (Pr. of colley), n. a species of cur
famous for its sagacity.
Coant, Pr. of cannot.
Coave, Pr. of calve.
Cob, n. (1) a small round loaf, a lump
or piece. (2) A leader or chief, the
bully or best fighter in a parish or
school.
Cob, v.t. to beat or surpass, also to pull
the hair. W. cobiaw, to beat, to
thump, to form a top or tuft. To
cob over a person, is to crow over him.
Cobble, n. a loose round stone.
Cobble, v.t. to pelt with stones (derived
from the noun in the same manner
as "to stone" is from "stone," n.).
Cobby, adj. (1) brisk, lively, in high
spirits. (2) Tyrannical, set up, proud.
Cob-coals, n. large pit coals.
Cock-booat, n. a small boat attached
to a ship or vessel. W. cwch, any
round vessel, a boat, S.G. kogg, a
species of boat in use formerly, Du.
kogg he.
Cock-caling, n. a barbarous custom of
throwing stones at cocks at Shrove-
tide.
Cocker, v.t. to indulge, to spoil.
Cocker, n. a cock-fighter, a feeder of
fighting-cocks.
Cockety, adj. lively, vivacious, pert.
Comp. Dan. kjcek, hardy, pert, Germ.
keck, A.S. cue, cucen, alive, quick.
Cockins, n. cock-fighting (obsolete).
Cockle, v.i. to be unsteady and easily
shaken.
Cockle, v.i. to wrinkle.
Cockier, n. a gatherer of cockles.
Cockles, n. a name for the plant darnel.
At a certain stage of its growth it is
said to be cockled ; that is, when the
seed-vessels are formed or forming —
in the vernacular, when it "shapes for
seed." A.S. coccel, M. yn choggyl.
CocHeyf ' j ad^ UIlsteady-
Cocklin(g), part, gathering cockles.
Cockloft, n. a garret.
Cock-o'-my-thumb, n. a little diminu-
tive person.
Cock-o'-th'-middin, n. a presumptuous
fellow in his own circle.
Cock-penny, n. a customary payment
formerly made to masters of schools
at Shrovetide.
Cocks, To fight, is a children's game,
played with the tough tufted stems
of the ribwort plantain. One holds
a stem, and the other strikes on it
with another, the object being to
strike off the seed-head of the an-
tagonist's stem. [The prov. Sw.
name for the plant itself is kampar
(champions), from a like use of the
seed-stems. Dean Eietz, the author
of a most admirable Prov. Sw. Glos-
sary, just published, states, in a
private letter to the editor, that he
has met with a Prov. E. kemps, with
like meaning. The 1ST. name also for
the plant is kjempe or kampe-grces. Ed.]
Cock-web, n. a cob-web.
Cod, n. a pod, as a pey- or peis-coa?, a
pea-pod. A.S. codd, a small bag, W.
cod, a bag or pouch.
Coddle, v.t. to embrace, Corr. of
cuddle.
Coddle, v.t. to indulge or spoil with
warmth, to parboil.
Cogglin-bone, n. the hip-bone of a cow
or bullock, from which steaks are cut.
O.N. koggul, a knuckle or joint.
Coids, Pr. of quoits.
Coil, n. noise, tumult.
Coke, n. (1) the core of an apple. (2)
The interior or core-part of a horn,
the pith of wood, etc.
Cold-fire, n. fuel duly placed in a grate,
and made ready for lighting.
Collier, n. a preparer or maker of char-
coal in coppice wood, a charcoal-
burner.
Collogue, v.i. to confederate together,
generally for an unlawful purpose, to
converse secretly. N.Fr. colloque, a
colloquy, conference.
Collop, n. a rasher of bacon, a slice of
flesh. O.Fr. colp, to cut off. To
19
CO
CO
cut to collops is to inflict a violent
castigation with whip or cane. But
comp. S.G. kollops, edulii genus,
confectum ex carnis segmentis, Sw.
kollops, slices of beef stewed.
Collop-Monday : the name applied to
the Monday before Shrove-Tuesday,
on which it is usual for the children
of the poor to go from house to
house to beg collops of their richer
neighbours.
Com, pret. of come.
Com, n. a clay marble. W. com, a
curve, a round.
Come. " It will be ten years come
August "= It will be ten years when
August has arrived.
Come-back, n. a name given to the
guinea fowl, from its common cry,
which sounds like the words " Come
back."
Corned, pret. of To come.
Come-in, v.i. to surrender, yield.
Come-on, v.i. (1) to grow, to improve.
(2) To succeed, to follow.
Come-over, v.i. to cajole.
Come-thy-ways, n. come forward, gene-
rally spoken with kindness. "Go
your ways ; " a mode of dismissal.
Comical, adj. ill-tempered.
Coming-round, n. the act of recover-
ing from sickness, or of returning to
friendly feelings.
Comins, n. the sprouts formed by
barley in process of fermentation for
malt. (Isl. keima, germinare. Jamie-
son.)
Commoney, n. the most common kind
of clay marble. (Boys' term.)
Con, Pr. of can.
Con, v.t. to learn, to know. A.S. con-
nan, to know.
Con, v.t. to ply, or study diligently ; of
a task or lesson.
Con, n. a squirrel. Cf. W. cont, a tail.
Confloption, n. confusion.
Conivers, n. the kidneys of a beast.
[A curious form. Comp. Germ.
nieren, the kidneys, O.N. nyra, Sw.
njure, Dan. nyre, Clevel. inear, Crav.
neer, Northumb. ear. Ed.].
Connily, adv. adroitly, j>rettily.
Conny, adj. (1) pretty. (2) Used as
an augmentative ; as, " a conny lot "
= a considerable quantity.
Consait, v.i. to think or suppose, to
imagine, to suspect. Corr. of con-
ceit.
20
Consait, n. (1) a fancy or opinion. (2)
Good opinion. (3) An ingenious device.
Consarn, Corr. of concern.
Const er, Pr. of construe.
Contrairy, v.t.to go against, vex, oppose.
Cony, n. a rabbit.
Cony-garth, n. a rabbit-warren.
Cooach, Pr. of coach.
Cooal, Pr. of coal.
Cooam, Pr. of comb.
Cooarse, Pr. of coarse or course.
Cooats (Pr. of coats), n. petticoats.
Gael, cota, a petticoat.
Cook, v.t. to disappoint, to punish.
Coom, n. a confined valley. W. cwm, a
valley or dale. Black Coom, a moun-
tain in Cumberland, which, however,
may take its name from a deep hol-
low in its east side.
Coop, n. a hollow vessel made of twigs
for taking eels.
Coop. Come up ! addressed to horses.
Coort, Pr. of court, a yard.
Coot, n. the water-hen.
Cooter, Pr. of coulter.
Cooth, n. a cold caught by a cow or
horse. [Cf. A.S. co% disease. Ed.].
Cop, v.i. (1) to be saucy. (2) v.t. "To
cop up a fence "= To set up a fence.
Cop, n. (1) a mound or bank. (2) The
raised earthen part of a fence in
which the thorns are planted. (3)
The top or summit. W. copa, the
top of anything, the summit, AS.
cop or copp, O.Fris. hop, koff, Du. kop.
Coping, n. the stone covering or upper-
most course of a wall.
Copped. See Copt.
Coppet, adj. saucy, impudent.
Coppy, ) n. a small stool, generally a
Copy, \ three-legged one.
Coppy, n. a coppice.
Copt, adj. (1) convex. (2) Set up, filled
with conceit. A young person who
gives himself the airs of an older or
grown up one is called Copt. Comp.
Du. koppign, self-willed, Fin. kopia,
set up, arrogant, whence also kopeus,
pride, conceit, and kopeen, to be con-
ceited, or set up.
Copy, n. a walled inclosure in which a
bull is kept.
Cordwainer, n. a shoemaker.
Corf, n. (1) a basket for raising coals
from the pit. (2) A kind of basket
used by fisherman. Du. korf, a
basket or pannier, O.N. karfa, korf,
Sw. korg, a basket, Dan. kurv.
CO
CR
Corker, n. (1) anything large. (2) A
poser, a silencer. Du. caulker.
Corlew, Pr. of curlew. Cf. N.Fr. corlieu.
Corley, Pr. of curly.
Corn, n. oats. " He can't carry corn "
is an expression applied to one who
is too much elated by prosperity.
Cornish, Pr. of cornice. Comp. N.Fr.
corniche.
Corran-berries, ) w. currants, red, white,
Corrans, ] or black.
Corri-cooam, Pr. of curry-comb.
Corse, Pr. of curse.
Cortens, n. curtains, hangings. W. cor-
tyn, M. gurtan.
Cot, n. a man who interferes in the
kitchen, a molly-coddle. Fin. kotinen
(from kota, domus vilior), domestic.
Cote, n. (1) a village, an isolated farm-
house ; as, Beaument-cote, Roose-cote,
etc. (2) A small building set apart
for any special purpose ; as, Peat-
cote, a house or place to put peat or
turf in ; Salt-cote, a place where salt
was wont to be made on the sea-
shore. A.S. c6te, a house or cottage,
S.G. hate, /cote, a hut or cottage, Fin.
kota, Jcoti, an abode, place of residence.
Cotter, v.i. to become entangled.
Cottered, adj. (1) entangled. (2) Co-
agulated.
Cotterel, n. (1) a small iron wedge for
securing a bolt. (2) The small round
iron plate between the nut of a screw
and the wood to which it is screwed.
Cotton, v.t. (1) to beat or thrash. (2)
v.i. To assent or agree to.
Cou', )v.t. (1) to rake or scrape to-
Coul, ) gether, as dirt or dung in
cow-houses. (2) To clean roads by
scraping them.
Coud, Pr. of cold.
Coul-rayack, ) n. a scraper for scraping
Cou'-rak, ) roads or a cow-house.
Coup, n. a dung-cart, a small cart.
Coup, v.t. to exchange. Goth, kaupon,
O.N. kaupa, mercari, emere, Sw.
kopa, to purchase.
Coup-cart, n. a dung-cart, a small cart.
Coupraise, v.t. to raise by levers or
wedges.
Cow, v.t. (1) to intimidate. (2) To
keep in subjection.
Cow-clap, n. cow-dung.
Cowed, adj. a cow without horns is
called cowed.
Cowed, adj. intimidated, reduced to
submission.
Cower, v.i. to stoop low, to crouch
down by bending the hams. Comp.
Fin. kowerran, to bend or bow.
Cowert, Pr. of coward
Cow-gripe, n. a gutter in a cow-stall
to carry off the drainage.
Cowl. See Cou'.
Cow-lady, n. the lady-bird.
Cow-quake, n. damp, cold weather in
spring.
Cow-scarn, ) n. cow-dung. O.N. skarn,
Cow-sharn, \ dung.
Cowt, n. a colt. To "shoe the cowt"
is a quaint expression for the de-
manding of a contribution from a
person on his first introduction to
any office or employment.
Cow- tee, Pr. of cow-tie, a strong rope
used to fasten the cow's hind legs
while milking.
Coz, Corr. of because.
Craa, Pr. of crow, as a cock does.
Craa, Pr. of craw.
Craa, n. a crow, a rook. AS. craw,
Du. kraye.
Craa-feet, Pr. of crow-feet, wild hya-
cinths.
Craal, Pr. of crawl.
Craam, n. an instrument with three
curved prongs, used by cocklers to
take cockles with. Du. kramme, a
hook, grapple, or crook.
Crab, n. a potato-apple.
Crack, v.i. to boast.
Crack, v.t. to curdle.
Crack-brained, adj. flighty.
Cracked, adj. crazy.
Cracker, n. a small water-biscuil
Cracks, n. (1) an act of superiority.
" I'll set you your cracks." (2) Any-
thing to boast of. " He's neya girt
cracks" '= He is nothing to boast of.
Cradda, n. any lean animal. Gael.
craidhneach, a skeleton, a meagre-
looking person, a lean, gaunt figure.
Craftly, adv. knowingly, prudently.
Crafty, adj, (1) skilful, ingenious ; of
persons. (2) Skilfully made ; of
things.
Crag, n. a rough steep rock, as Warton
Crag (S.L.), or Dhu Crag (N.L.). W.
craig, Gael, creag, cragan, a little
rock, M. creg.
Cram, n. a lump of food.
21
CB,
CU
Cramlble, v.i. to hobble or creep.
Crambly, ) adj. and adv. lame, stiff,
Crammelly, j moving with difficulty ;
awkwardly. " T' horse nobbut gaaes
crammelly this morninV'
Cramd, adj. ill-tempered, crusty.
Crammle, v.i. to crawl on the hands
and knees. [pucker.
Cramp, v.t. to contract, crumple, or
Crancn, n. (1) a great eater of unripe
fruit. (2) Unripe fruit.
Crancn, v.t. to grind between the teeth,
to crush any gritty substance.
Cranky, adj. ailing, sickly. Du. kranck,
sick, A.S. crane, weak, near death,
O.N. krdnlcr, S.G. kranck, Sw. krank,
sick.
Cratch, n. (1) a kind of barred wooden
frame, upon which sheep are shorn,
pigs killed, etc. (2) A frame strung
with cords and suspended horizon-
tally below the ceiling to hang riddle-
bread on. See Fleak.
Crayed, adj. foolish, insane.
Creak, Pr. of crook.
Cream, v.i. to froth or curdle.
Crean, v.i. to bellow and make a noise,
as a bull. Du. kreunen, to complain
or moan. Probably a mere phonetic
form of Croon.
Creaw, did crow, pret. of To crow.
Cree, v.t. (1) to knock off the beard of
barley with an iron instrument made
for the purpose. (2) To seethe, to
steep in warm or hot water.
Creecny, adj. sickly, ailing.
Creel, n. (1) a frame to wind yarn upon.
(2) A fisherman's basket. (3) A
barred stool on which sheep are
salved and clipped, pigs are killed,
etc. Du. kriel, a basket used by fisher-
men to carry fish in on their backs.
Creeper, n. a louse. A.S. creopere, a
creeper, a reptile.
Creepings. "I'll gi tha t' creepi?is"—
I'll make thee tremble or shiver.
Cremp, adj. hard, brittle, crumbling ;
as bread or cake of that quality.
Crewds, n. the measles.
Crewel, v.t. to cover a ball or other
object with particoloured worsted
worked in a peculiar manner.
Cried-down, adj. reprobated ; " Cried
up and cried down."
Cried-up, adj. much praised.
Cring'l-crang'l, "1
Crinkle-crankle, Vadv. zigzag.
Crinklety-cranklety, J
22
Crinkle, v.t. (1) to rumple or crease up.
(2) To bend under a weight. (3) v.i.
To recede or shrink from a promise
or purpose. Comp. Du. krinkelen, to
bend, to wrinkle, O.N. kringil-yrdi,
a shuffling, a beating about the bush,
S.G. krongla, to go round about, to
shuffle.
Crippan, n. a crupper.
Crob over, v.i. to tyrannize.
Crock, n. an old ewe.
Crock, v.i. to set up the back.
Crone-berries, n. whortle-berries.
Croodle, v.i. to crouch, to cower ; a
phonetic form of Cruddle.
Crook, n. a chain ending in a hook or
hooks, in a chimney, for hanging
pans, etc. on.
Croon, v.i. to roar or bellow, as cattle.
Crope, pret. of To creep.
Croppen, p.p. of To creep.
Cross-bated, adj. chequered.
Cross-buttock, v.t. to get an opponent,
in wrestling, into such a position
as to be able to throw him over
the hip.
Cross-buttock, n. "To give one a cross-
buttock " is to treat him as above.
Cross-the-buckle, n. a peculiar and
difficult step in rustic dancing.
Cross-vein, n. one vein of ore crossing
another at right angles.
Croup, n. a disease in poultry.
Crow, n. an iron gavelock, or small bar
for leverage purposes.
Crowd, n. a fiddle.
Crownation, Corr. of coronation.
Crowner, Corr. of coroner.
Crown-post, n. in building, the princi-
pal post that stands upright between
the principal rafters.
Crud, n. curd ; by metathesis.
Cruddle, v.i. (1) to curdle, to coagu-
late. (2) To crouch down.
Cruel, used as an augmentative ; as,
"Ow^fine," "Cruel smart," etc.
Crake, n. (1) a crook. (2) A bill-hook.
A.S. cruc, a crook, W. crwg, a crook
suspended to a crane over the fire for
hanging kettles and pans upon.
Craken, v.t. to bend, to turn anything
out of a right line.
Crumpled, adj. twisted, crooked.
Cramply, adj. wrinkled.
Crunch, v.t. to crush.
Crapple, Pr. of cripple.
Cubbert, Pr. of cupboard.
Cuckoo, n. a simpleton, a dolt.
cu
DA
Cuckoo - bread - and - cheese, n. the
wood-sorrel.
Cuckoo-spit, n. the white frothy mat-
ter seen on certain plants in the
spring.
Cud, Pr. of could.
Cuddle, v.t. (1) to fondle, to embrace,
to press to the bosom. (2) v.i. To
lie closely.
Cummer, v.t. to encumber.
Cummersom', adj. burdensome, apt to
impede.
Cummins. See Comins.
Cumpany with, To keep ; to have
intercourse as a pair of lovers.
Cumpany-keeper, n. a lover.
Cunderth, Pr. of conduit,
Cun thanks, To, to give or render
thanks.
Curb, v.t. to bend, to check.
Curly-pow, \ , , ad
Curly-pate, J n' a curly neacL
Curran-berries. See Corran-berries.
Cush, cush ! inter j. a call to cows when
petted. N.Fris. /cuss, kus, a call to
attract cows.
Cushat, n. a wood-pigeon. A.S. cusceote,
a ringdove, perhaps from cusc, chaste,
from the proverbial fidelity of the
bird.
Cush-love, interj. a term of endearment
used to a cow.
Cushy-cow-lady, n. (1) the ladybird
{Goccinella septem-punctata, and G. bi-
punctata). (2) A long hairy caterpillar.
Cuss, Pr. of kiss. Comp. W. cus, N.S.
cus, Du. kus, O.N. koss.
Cut, n. a canal or artificial watercourse.
Cuts, To draw. To draw lots by draw-
ing one of several pieces of paper
cut to different lengths. W. cwtws, a
lot, M. chut.
Cutten, p.p. of To cut.
Cutter, v.t. to whisper. G. kuttem, to
whisper slily, S.G. huttra, to prate or
chatter.
Cutterin, n. cooing like a pigeon. Sw.
huttra. to coo.
Daab, Pr. of daub.
Daaf, n. dough.
Daan, Pr. of dawn. O.N.
Dab, adj. dexterous, clever, apt at a
thing. 0
Dab, ) n. one who is expert at
Dab -hand, ] anything.
Dacity, n. sharpness, handiness, ac-
tivity.
Daddle, v.t. to support a person in his
tottering gait.
Daddy-long-legs, n. the long-legged
spider.
Danish, adj. shy, modest.
Daft, adj. stupid, foolish, weak-minded.
Daftlike, adj. foolish.
Dafy, adj. soft, foolish ; as if like dough,
which is sometimes pronounced doff,
or douf.
Daffydowndilly, n. a daffodil.
Dag, v.i. and v.t. (1) to drizzle. (2) To
trail or dirty in the mire, to bedaub,
to daggle.
Daggle, v.i. to trail in the dirt.
Daggly, adj. wet, showery.
Dainty, adj. pleasant, neat, trim.
Daised, ) adj. benumbed and almost
Deased, ) rendered insensible by cold.
O.N. dasaz, to be exhausted, be-
numbed by exposure. See Des'd.
Daker, n. a dispute, an argumentative
conversation.
Daker-hen, n. the corn-crake.
Dale, n. a lot or share ; as, a bracken
dale, a peat dale, a meadow dale, a
dale in a common field.
Dall, v.t. "Doll me if e don't." A petty
oath. (A modification of damn).
Daly, adj. lonely, solitary. A form of
Dowly.
Damming and lading, incurring one
debt to pay another.
Damper, n. a luncheon.
Dander, v.i. to hobble, to walk saun-
teringly or idly about.
EaSH^ng child.
Dandy-cock, ) n. a fowl of the Bantam
Dandy-hen, ] breed.
Dank, adj. moist, damp.
Dannet, n. an idle, good-for-nothing girl.
Dar, v.i. to dare.
Dark, v.i. To eaves-drop.
Dark, for bets, To. To listen in silence
to the arguments or reasons of two
contending parties, and eventually to
espouse the side of those who clearly
have the best of it.
Darkening, n. twilight.
Darnel, n. the plant Lolium perenne.
Darrat. "Od darrat ta," a sort of
veiled oath, the same as "Od rot."
It is sometimes used without the
"od,"as " Darrat ta."
Darter, adj. active.
23
DA
DI
Dart-girse, n. dart-grass {Holcus la-
natus).
Dash, v.t. to abash.
Dately, adv. daily. Corr. of Daytaly.
Dave, v.t. to assuage, mitigate, or relieve.
S.G. dofwa, to benumb or deaden,
Sw. dofva, to mitigate, to alleviate.
Daw, Pr. of dow.
Dawdles, n. a slattern.
Dawly. A phonetic form of dowry.
Daytal-man, n. a day labourer who is
paid by the day, as distinguished
from one paid by the week or month.
O.N. daga-tal, computus dierum,
Dan. dagetal, day by day.
Daytal-wark, ) n. work done by the
Day-wark, J day, not let.
Dazed, adj. of a dun colour.
Dazz, v.t. (a moderated imprecation).
"Dazz it, I can't get it out ;" " Its
a dazzed wet day."
Dea, Pr. of do.
Dead-horse, To pull the ; is to work off
a debt or an arrear.
Dead lift, To be at a: To be in a
situation of peculiar difficulty, when,
as far as one can see, one is in a state
of hopeless helplessness.
j)ea£,adj. blasted, unproductive, whether
applied to land or to ears of corn.
S.G. dauf jord, unproductive land,
A. S. deaf.
Deaf-nut, n. an empty nut, or a nut
without a kernel.
Deal (Pr. of deal), to distribute. M.G.
dailjan, A.S. dailan, to divide, to
distribute.
Deam (Pr. of dame), n. mistress, wife.
Dearned, adj. benumbed, torpid from
the effects of cold.
Deaul, Corr. of devil.
Deaw, Pr. of dew.
Deck, n. a pack (of cards, namely).
Deck, v.t. (1) to cast a card (at cards)
and take a trump in its place. (2)
To cover. " I decked his king wi my
ace," i.e. covered and took it.
Dee(a)-wark, n. day's work. O.N.
dagverk, Fin. dagsverki.
Deed, n. doings.
Dee, Pr. of die.
Deet (Pr. of dight), v.i. to dress and
make one's toilet.
Deet, v.t. to dirty.
Deft, adj. neat, dexterous. A.S. dafte,
convenient, mild.
Deftly, adv. quietly, softly. A.S. daft-
lice, conveniently, fitly.
24
Deg, v.t. to moisten with water, to
sprinkle. O.N. doggva, to moisten,
bedew, S.G. and Sw. dagg, dew.
Deggy, adj. drizzly, foggy.
Delve, v.i. to dig. A.S. delfan, O.Fris.
delva, Du. delven.
Dem, (Pr. of dam), v.t. to stop water.
A.S. demman, O.Fris. demma.
Dem in, v.i. to collect as clouds do.
Deod, Pr. of dead.
Deoth, Pr. of death.
Des, v.t. to chill.
Des'd, adj. chilled during the time of
incubation ; of eggs.
Despret, Corr. of desperate, and used
as a strong augmentative, in the
sense of very, exceedingly.
Dess, n. (1) a pile, a heap. (2) A truss
of hay.
Dess, v.t. (1) to lay close together, to
pile in order. (2) To cut a section
of hay from a stack.
Devilment, n. roguery, mischief (some-
times of a sportive kind).
Devil's darning-needle, n. the dragon-
%•
Devil's snuff-box, n. the puff-ball.
Devil-squeaker, n. the swift.
Dewberry, n. the dwarf mulberry, the
fruit of the Rubus chamamiorus.
Deyal, Pr. of deal, the wood.
Deyal, Pr. of dale.
Dib, n. a dip.
Dib, v.i. to dip or incline.
Dicky, n. "It's all o' dicky wi' him" =
he is done up, ruined.
Didder, v.i. to shiver, to tremble.
Didderin'-girse, n. quaking grass.
Dig, v.t. to start a badger.
Dight, adj. decorated, arrayed, dressed.
A.S. dihtan, to prepare, set in order,
dispose, dyhte, arranged.
Dike, v.t. to make fences or ditches.
AS. dicia?i, O.Fris. dika, S.G. and
Sw. dika, to dig a ditch, to ditch,
Dan. dige, to dike, to raise a dike.
Dike, n. a ditch, a fence, a hedge. A.S.
die, a mound, a bank, a ditch, Du.
dijek, a ditch or bank, Gael, dig, a
ditch, a drain, O.N. diki, S.G. and
Sw. dike, a ditch to draw off water,
Dan. dige, a ditch, or foss.
Dike-watter, n. the stagnant water of
a ditch or dike ; as, 'As dead as dike-
watter;" said of beer, etc. that has
become flat. «
Dike-back, n. the sides of the earthern
cop of a thorn fence or hedge.
DI
DO
Diker, n. a hedger or ditcher. A.S.
dicere, Du. dijcker, Gael, dlgeir.
Dikin', n. the act of ditching. A.S.
dicung.
Dilly, n. a small public carriage. Cor-
rupted from Pr. diligence.
Ding, v.t. (1) to throw violently,
to dash down. (2) To compel,
to master. O.N. dengia, tundere,
Dan. dcenge, S.G. and Sw.danga, to
bang, to thump. (3) To impress by
means of noisy reiteration, to beat
into.
Ding. A moderated imprecation.
DiSI-drhfe, J adv' in good earnest.
Dinge, v.t. to dint, to bruise, to make
a hollow. O.N. dengia, tundere, Dan.
dcenge, S.G. and Sw. danga, to bang,
to thump.
Dingle-dangle, v.i. to dangle loosely.
Sw. dingla, to dangle, Dan. dingle, to
dangle, bob, swing to and fro, S.G.
dingldangl, said of pendulous or
swinging objects.
Dinner-time, n. noon or mid-day.
Dirdam. See Durdum.
Dirl, v.i. (1) to tingle, or thrill with pain,
the sensation being the result of a
blow or other violence. (2) To move
quickly.
Dirler, n. a light-footed, active per-
son.
Disannul, v.t. to do away with, to
remove.
Disgest, Corr. of digest.
Dish- clout, n. a dish-cloth.
Dish-faced, adj. hollow-faced.
Dishweisher, n. a scullery-maid.
Ditch, v.t. to make a ditch or moat.
Ditch-back, n. a fence.
Dither, v.i. to tremble, to shake.
Ditherin'-girse. See Didderin'-girse.
Divvel, Pr. of devil.
Divvling, n. the swift.
Do, n. an entertainment.
Doant, Pr. of do not.
Dobbin, n. a half-pint glass for ale.
Dobby, n. an apparition, a ghost, a
spectre.
Dockin, n. the dock, Genus Rumex
(Linn.). If a person is stung with a
nettle, a certain cure is said to be
performed by rubbing dock leaves
over the affected part, repeating the
following charm very slowly, "Dockin
in, nettle out ; dockin in, nettle out,"
for about ten minutes.
Dodded, ^1 adj. without horns, said of
Doddy, > a cow ; as, " She's a dodt
Dodt, J an ; " " 111- willy cow is
always a doddyP
Dodder, v.i. to shake or tremble, to
shudder.
Dodderin(g)-girse. See Didderin'-
girse.
Doddle, v.i. to totter, to walk un-
steadily.
Dodge, v.t. (1) to jog, to incite. (2)
To follow in the track of a person or
animal. (3) To try to cheat.
Doff, v.t. to do off, to undress.
Doff, Pr. of dough.
Dog, n. a partial rainbow :
"A dog at night
Is the farmer's delight,"—
since it is considered to be the har-
binger of fine weather.
Dog, n. a toaster of wood or iron made
in the form of a dog.
Dog-cheap, adj. excessively cheap.
Dog-daisy, n the field daisy.
Dogger, n. a small fishing ship.
Dog-trail, n. a trail hunt.
Dog-tree, n. the alder.
Dog-whipper, n. a church beadle.
Doit, n. a small Dutch coin, valued
at about half-a-farthing. " I hevn't a
doit to pay him wi," i.e. the smallest
coin. Du. duyt.
Dole, n. grief, sorrow. Gael, dolas, woe,
grief, mourning.
Dole, n. (1) a piece of heath or com-
mon, off which only one person has
a right to cut fuel. (2) Money, bread,
etc. distributed to the poor. A.S.
dcelan, to divide, distribute, or dole,
O. Fris. dole, a present.
Dolly, n. (1) a washing-tub. (2) A
washing beetle worked with both
hands.
Dolly, n. a slattern, a slut.
Dolly, v.t. to wash linen, etc. with the
dolly-legs.
Dolly-legs, n. an implement with five
or six legs for washing.
Doly. A form of Dowly.
Don, v.t. and i. to do on, to dress.
Don'd, p.p. dressed.
Donk, ) adj. damp, moist, humid ;
Donky, f "It's nobbut a donlcy day."
Donks, It, v.imp. It falls damp ; as,
" It donks and it dozzles" = It damps
and drizzles.
Door-cheeks, n. the side-posts of a door.
Dorst, Pr. of durst.
25
DO
DE,
Dossel, n. a small quantity, a bit or drop.
Dot, n. a small lump.
Sfughter, |P''ofdau8hte-
Double, v.t. to shut up ; of the fist, or
of a person, in the sense of over-
powering him in argument.
Doubtsome, adj. uncertain as to an
event.
Douf, n. a little cake.
Douk, v.i. to duck or stoop the head.
Gael, dowcio, to dive, S.G. duka, to
sink down.
Douker, n. a water-bird.
Douse, v.t. to duck or plunge into water,
also to throw water in quantity upon
any one ; for instance, by pailsful.
Dou-tarn. ) The name of a tarn or
Dow-tren. \ pond near Carke, in
North Lonsdale (always black and
dirty, hence perhaps its name).
Dow, v.i. to prosper, to mend. "He
nayder dees ner dows." " He's nowt
at dow " = He is nothing that is good,
or no great shakes ; where at is the
sign of the infinitive mood, and at
dow gerundial. S.G. doga, A.S.
diilite, did good.
Dow (pr. doo), adj. gloomy ; as, "Dow
Cray in Coniston fells." W. Du,
gloomy, G&el. dhu, M.doo, black, dark.
Dowel, v.t. to fasten planks together
with a wooden pin or plug.
Dowliness, n. solitariness.
Dowly, adj. melancholy, lonely. Ap-
plied to a person it signifies melan-
choly ; to a place, lonely. " A house
is dowly without a man in it," O.N.
ddlegr, wretched.
Down, v.t. and i. (1) to knock down.
(2) To faU.
Down, adj. (1) sickly, poorly. (2) Dis-
consolate, cast down.
Down-come, n. a depression or down-
fall, as a fall of rain, a fall in the
market.
Down-foe (Pr. of downfall), n. a fall of
hail, rain, or snow.
Down-liggin(g), n. (1) an accouche-
ment. (2) Going to bed. " Frae
up-rising to dovmligging " = From
morning to night.
Down-pour, n. a very heavy rain.
Dozzle, v.i. Pr. of drizzle.
Draa, Pr. of draw. p.p. Draan. To
draa in, to withdraw, to retire.
Draa-beas, n. cattle collected together,
bought at, or taken to fairs.
26
Draal, Pr. of drawl.
Draap, ) v.i. to drawl in speaking, to
Draat, ] speak slow and monoto-
nously.
Drabbed, adj. splashed with mud.
Drabbet, v.t. a moderated imprecation ;
an abbrev. of 'od rabbet.
Draff, n. grains of malt after brewing,
with which cows and swine are fed.
Gael, drabh, refuse, draff, A.S. drabbe,
dregs, lees, M. drow, the malt after
the beer is extracted, O.N. draf,
Dan. drav, dregs, lees, grounds, S.G.
• and Sw. draf. "The civil sow gets
all the draff."
Drag, n. (1) a heavy harrow used for
breaking clods in stiff land. (2) An
instrument with iron prongs for
drawing weeds out of ditches, or
dung out of carts.
Drake, (1) n. a kind of curl, when the
ends of the hair only turn up, and
all the rest hangs smooth. (2) Darnell
grass.
Drape, n. a cow whose milk is dried
up (or only comes by drops). Pro-
perly an adjective.
Drat, v.t. a moderated imprecation.
Draught, n. a team of horses in a cart
or waggon, both collectively taken.
Draup, v.i. to drawl in speaking. See
Draap.
Dreadful. Used augmentatively, in the
sense of very much.
Dreap. See Draap, Draup.
Drearisome, adj. very dreary.
Drede, Pr. of dread.
Dree, adj. long, tedious, wearisome.
Dan. dr'bj, lasting, Sw. drbja, to delay,
M. dree, tedious, slow, O.N. drcegia,
S.G. and Sw. drbja, delay, loitering.
Dree, v.t. to suffer, to endure. A.S.
dreogan, to suffer, to undergo.
Dree, v.i. to last, endure in point of
time. [O.E. drechen. dreg en, to last.
Ed. J " To dree out" = To hold out.
Dreeam, Pr. of dream.
Dreely, adv. slowly, tediously.
Dress, v.t. (1) to beat. (2) To scold.
(3) To prepare or clean anything, to
cleanse it from refuse, to adorn, to
set anything upright, or put it in its
proper place, to cultivate land. " To
dress a horse " is to clean it .
Dressin(g), n. (1) a beating. (2) A
scolding. " I gev him a gud dress-
in "= I gave him a good dressing.
(3) Emaciation from disease.
DR
EA
Dreyav, Pr. of drove.
Dribble, v.i. (1) to drizzle, or rain
slowly. (2) v.t. To deal out sparingly.
Drinkin(g), n. beer or milk given to
farm labourers between the principal
meals. (2) A meal between dinner
and supper.
Drip, n. snow. "As white as drip" =
As white as snow. Comp. O.N. dript
or drift, newly driven snow.
Drip-white, adj. perfectly white, as
white as snow. O.N. drifthvitr,
white as driven snow.
Drive, v.i. to procrastinate ; as, " Don't
drive that wark while to morn " = Do
not put that work off until tomorrow.
Drive pigs, To=To snore.
Dro-beas, n. cattle collected together
in a drove. See Draa-beas.
Drone, n. a lazy fellow.
Droning, adj. of a lazy, indolent mode
of doing a thing.
Droot, adj. dry.
Drop, n. a reduction of wages.
Drop-dry, adj. watertight.
Droppin(g)s, n. the dung of cattle and
sheep, and also of birds.
Droppy, adj. wet, rainy.
Drucken, adj. drunk, tipsy. O.N.
druchinn, Dan. drukken, drunk, tipsy,
intoxicated ( p.p. of drikke, to drink),
S.G. and Sw. drucken.
Dry, adj. crafty, subtle.
Dry, v.t. to wipe anything dry.
Dry-meat, n. hay.
Dry-wogh, n. a wall built without
mortar.
Du, dud, dun = do, did, done.
Dub, n. (1) a deep pit. (2) A small
pool of water, a puddle, a deep hole
in a river. Gael, dubhagan, M. dhub-
bey, a puddle, a pool.
Dub, v. t. to cut the comb and wattles
of a cock.
Dubbing, n. a mixture of oil and tallow
for making leather impervious to
water. W. dub, mortar, cement.
Dub-skelper, n. a horse that leaps well.
Duckstone, n. a game played by trying
with a stone to knock a small stone
off a larger one which supports it.
g^jPr.ofdoor.
Duffel, n. a light cloth with a rough nap.
Dulbert, n. a blockhead.
Dule, Corr. of devil.
Dulsome, adj. heavy, dull,
Dull of hearing, more or less deaf.
do not.
Dummel-heead, n. a blockhead.
Dummy, n. a dumb person.
Dumpling, n. a fat dwarf.
Dumpy, adj. (1) short and thick. (2)
Sullen, discontented.
Dunderheod, n. a blockhead.
Dun-horse, To ride the. To ask for a
debt.
Dunna,
Dunnet,
Dunty, adj. stunted.
Durable, adj. long, tedious ; as, " He's
a durable sitter."
Durden, ) n. uproar, hub-bub. W.
Durdum, ) dwrdd, a stir, a noise.
Dure-sill, n. the threshold of a door.
Dure-stead, n. the space occupied by
the door.
Dust, n. (1) the small particles separated
from the oats in shelling. (2) Tumult,
uproar ; as, " To kick up a dust."
Dusta? Dost thou?
E.
E. (1) Corr. of pers. pron. I. (2) Corr.
of prep, i, in.
Ea, n. (1) water (generally). (2) A river,
the channel of the river. Kent, as
it runs down the Lancaster Sands,
Morecambe Bay, is called " The Ea."
A.S. Ea, water. The river Leven
on the Ulverston Sands, is also so
called. The river or beck at Carke
was formerly called " The Ea."
Eak, n. an oak. (Ed pr. as in dear),
Earand, n. an errand. O.N. erende,
A.S. cerend, Dan. cerende, errand,
business.
Earl, Pr. of earl.
Earles, n. earnest money.
Ear-mark, n. a mark to know sheep by.
Earnest, n. deposit money given to
bind a bargain, or on hiring a servant.
Earth, v.i. to lodge as a badger or fox
does.
Earth-fast, adj. said of a stone appear-
ing on the surface, but fast in the
earth. Sw. jordfast.
Earth-nut, n. a pig-nut or earth-chest-
nut.
Easings, n. the eaves of a house. A.S.
efese.
Easin-sparrow, n. the common house-
sparrow.
Evat'h S n' ^orr' °f S^0L ^or oa*n'
27
EA
EV
n. afternoon.
Eat out o' house an' harbour : to in-
jure a person in his circumstances by
partaking too freely of his hospitality.
Eawe, n. an ewe. A.S. eaw.
Edge, 11. the side of a hill, a ridge.
Edge off, To, v,i. to stand aside, to
make way.
Edgro, ) n. aftermath. A rent called
Etgro, ) Edgro, or Etgro rent, is pay-
able in the Manor of Muchland, in
Low Furness, for the pasturage of
the aftermath. A.S. edgrowung, a
regrowing.
Ee, n. an eye.
Ee ! or Eeh ! inter j. an interjection ex-
pressive of delight.
Een, ii. the eyes. Comp. A.S. eyne.
Ee-seyar, Pr. of eyesore.
Ee-teuth, Pr. of eye-tooth.
Eever, n. the quarter from which the
wind blows.
~E£ter,prep. after. A.S., O.Fris., O.N.,
Dan., S.G., and Sw. efter. See At
efter.
Efterbirth, n. the placenta of a cow or
other animal. Sw. efterbord.
Efter-girse, n. after-grass.
Efternune,
Efternean,
Egg, v.t. to urge on, to incite, to insti-
gate. A.S. eggiaii, to excite, O.Fris.
eggia, O.N. eggja.
Egg-clock, n. the cockchafer.
Egging, ii. urging, incitement, O.N.
egging.
Eggs and Collops : fried eggs and
bacon.
Egodlins, adv. truly.
Eigh, adv. aye, yes. "Eigh suer"=
Yes, to be sure, yes, certainly.
Eigh-wye: yes, yes.
Eish, ")
Esch, \n. an ash. Sw. ash, A.S. aesc.
Esh, J
Eish-keys, n. the pods containing the
seed of the ash.
Elder, n. a cow's udder.
Elders, n. parents. A.S. eldran, O.Fris.
alder.
Eldin, ii. Fuel or fire, firing. A.S.
aid, yld, fire, O.N. eldingi, fuel, from
elldr, fire, S.G., Sw., eld, Dan. ild.
Eldst, Pr. of eldest.
Elf, n. (1) a fairy. (2) A mischievous
person.
Eller, ii. the alder-tree (Betula alnus,
Linn.). A.S. ellam, O.Fris. elren,
O.N. elm, alnus, Dan. elle, pi, eller.
28
Elly-mouth, n. a bound or goal in the
game of football.
Else, Contr. of Alice.
Elsin, 11. an awl.
Elsewhiddher, adv. elsewhither. A.S.
elleshwider.
Elt, v.t. to knead.
Emblements, n. profits of land, as
grass, fruit, etc.
End, Great : a phrase employed to
signify a large proportion, or a
quantity absolutely ; as, " It cost me
a girt end of a pound " = It cost me
nearly a pound.
End, 'Most on (Corr. of almost on end),
used adverbially ; continually, un-
intermittingly.
End, Reeght up on, used adverbially :
perfectly upright.
End, At a louse, used as an adv. or
adj. : without occupation, out of
employ.
End, v.t. to finish, to kill.
Endas, ) Pr. of endways ; as, " Git
Endus, { endus wi tha" = Go along,
improve your pace.
Endmest, adj. endmost. A.S. ende-
mcest.
Enoo, adv. enough.
Enow, adv. by and bye, presently;
possibly a contraction of even or den
novj.
Entry, n. a narrow passage, a lane.
Enty, ii. the last furrow in a rigg.
Er : are. O.N. pi. 1, erum ; 2, enifS ;
3, Em. Dan. pi. 1, 2, 3, ere.
—Dr. C. Lottner in Philo. Trans., 1860, 1, p. 63.
Erbes, n. herbs.
Eshd, p.p. asked. Cf. Du. eysschen, to
ask, demand.
Eshle-tree, n. an axle-tree. Gael, aisil,
M. essyl.
Esk, ii. a newt. See Ask.
Eslins, n. a salmon-fly.
Esp, ) n. the aspen tree. A.S. asp,
Espin, \ O.Fris. and Du. espe, O.N.
espi, the trembling poplar.
Ess-hole, Corr. of ass-hole.
Esta I Corr. of hast thou ?
Et, Corr. of at.
Eternal, Corr. of infernal.
Etgro. See Edgro.
Ettle, v.i. to intend or purpose.
Ettle, v. t. to deal out sparingly, to dis-
tribute in small portions.
Ev, Corr. of have,
Evven, Pr. of even.
Ewen-down, adj. (1) thorough, down-
EV
FA
right ; as, "He threaped ma evven-
down"=ile flatly contradicted me.
(2) Perpendicular.
Evven on, adv. close to the mark.
Even-forret, ) adv. directly for-
Evven-forward, ] ward.
Evermaiyar, Pr. of evermore.
Ew, Pr. of yew.
Ex, v.t. to ask. A.S. acsian or axian.
Ex'd out : of persons whose banns
have been published or asked three
times.
Exings, n. askings, banns of marriage.
Ey ! Will thou ! an exclamation.
Ey, adv. aye, yes.
Eyable, Pr. of able.
Eyacre, Pr. of acre.
Eyak, Pr. of oak. A.S. ac, cec, O.N".
eyk, S.G. ek.
Eyal, Pr. of ale. A. S . eala or ealo.
i^^js* =%**»«"•
Eyal'us, Pr. of ale-house. A.S. eal-htis.
Ez, Corr. of has, as.
F.
Faaldin', n. the act of driving cattle
or sheep into a fold or yard.
Faat, Pr. of fault.
Face, v.t. "To face one with a lie"=
To make him believe that it is true ;
" To face one out " = To put him
down by positive assertions.
Faced-card, n. an ace, king, queen, or
knave at cards, a court-card.
Fadder, Pr. of father.
Faded, adj. tainted, decayed.
Fadom, Pr. of fathom.
Faffle, v.i. (1) to be inconsiderate in
speech. (2) To saunter, to fumble.
Fagnt,j^-of tofiSht-
Fagot, n. a contemptuous name for a
woman.
Fain, adj. glad, delighted, pleased. A.S.
fagen, glad, joyful, O.'N.feginn, laetus,
S.G. fcegen.
Fain, adv. gladly.
Fair, adj. level or parallel.
Fair, adv. Used as an augmentative,
and meaning utterly, completely, very,
tolerably large or numerous.
Fairly, adv. (1) softly. (2) Simply,
completely ; as in "Fairly off' in the
middle " = Faint with hunger.
Fairy. "Fairy finger-marks " = Hollow
marks in limestone, as if fingers had
been pressed upon the stones when
soft.
Fall, n. yeaning of lambs.
Fallals, n. the falling ruffs of a woman's
dress, any gay ornaments.
Fancical, adj. fanciful.
Fand, pret. of To find. Of. AS. found,
pret. of findan.
Fantickled, adj. freckled. See Farn-
tickles.
Fantickles, ) freckles
Farntickles, ) n' lreckles-
Far, ) adv. farther. " I'll he far if
Farther, \ I do "=I will by no means
do so.
Far away, adv. by much, by far.
Far by: compared with. "To-day's
fine far by yesterday."
Fare, v. i. to proceed, get on, draw nigh
to, or seem to be beginning. " How
dus t&fare V or, "How fares ta ?"=
How do you go on, or do ? " She
fares a cauving ;" of a cow when
symptoms of calving make them-
selves observed.
Fares-te-weel : fare thee well.
Farley, n. something wonderful.
Farrantly, adj. decent, respectable.
Farreps : a name for the devil.
Farrest, adj. superl. farthest. A.S.
feorrest.
Farrish-on (used as an adj.), advanced
in years ; also nearly intoxicated.
Fash, n. trouble, care, anxiety, fatigue.
Fash, v.t. to fatigue, to trouble, to vex,
to tire. Fr./ acker, to trouble or tease.
Fashion, n. condition of health. "He's
of his better fashion " = In better
than his usual health.
Fast, adv. very near ; as, " I gev fast
on ten pounds for her "= Very near
ten pounds.
Fast, adj. intimate, firmly attached.
Fast -and -louse. A cheating game,
played with a stick and a belt or
string, so arranged that a spectator
would think that he could make the
latter fast by placing a stick through
its intricate folds, whereas the opera-
tor could detach it at once. Other-
wise called " Prick in the garter."
Father, v.t. (1) to impute a child to its
father. Thence, (2) To impute any-
thing, or lay it to anyone's charge.
Fau' (Pr. of fall), a rood of lineal land-
measure of seven yards.
29
FA
FI
Fause (Pr. of false), adj. shrewd, cun-
ning, treacherous.
Fauseness, Pr. of falseness.
Faut, Pr. of fault.
Faughter, v.t. to knock off the beards
of barley when thrashed.
Faughtering-iron, n. an iron used to
knock off the beards of barley when
thrashed.
Fastens ee'n, the eve of Ash- Wednes-
day.
Faw, Pr. of fall.
Faw-gang (Corr. of Faa-gang), n. a
gang of rogues and beggars. (From
Johnny Faa, a leader of rogues and
beggars).
Fawn, Pr. of fallen.
Fawred, Pr. of favoured.
Feace, Pr. of face.
Feaig, n. a dirty, idle person, a teasing
child.
Feal, v.t. to hide slily. O.N. and S.G.
fela, to hide away, Dan. fioele, AS.
feolan, M.G.flkan.
ESS,!"**"*
Fearful, used augmentatively ; tre-
mendously, greatly.
Feather-edged, adj. of a stone thinner
at one edge than at the other.
Feaw (Pr. of few), n. a little in quantity;
as, " a, feaw broth."
February. —
February fill-dike
Wi' aidller black or white ; —
i.e. with either rain or snow.
Feckless, adj. weak, feeble, infirm of
purpose, inefficient.
Feddher, Pr. of feather.
Feddher-weight, n. a wrestler not
more than 9-g- stones weight.
Feeding, adj. nutritious.
Feeding-storm, n. a constant snow.
Feek, v.i. to walk about in perplexity.
S.G. fjdcka, to wander hither and
thither.
Feel, v.t. to perceive, be conscious of.
" I feel a bad smell."
Feffment, n. enfeofment, endowment.
Feign, v.t. to dig turf.
Feign, n. the top part of turbary which
does not yield peats.
Felfaa, Pr. of fieldfare.
Felks, n. fellies of a wheel, which col-
lectively form the circumference to
which the tire is attached. A.S. felg.
Fell, n. (1) bare elevated land, a moor,
a hill or mountain. (2) A rocky hill.
30
Sw.fjall, a chain of mountains, O.N.
fell, a small mountain, N.Fris. _/}«/.
Fell, v.t. (1) to knock down ; applied
in the case of man, beast, or tree, or
anything standing upright. A. S.
fellan, to make to fall, O.Fris. filla,
O.N. fella. _
Fellon, n. a disease in cows, occasioned
by cold, and causing great pain.
Fellon-wood, n. the herb Bittersweet
or Ladslove.
Felt, pret. of To fell ; feUed.
Felt, n. a hat.
Fend, v.t. and i. to provide, to en-
deavour, to make shift, to ward off.
Fend, n. attempt to make provision.
Fend and prove, To : to argue and
defend.
Fendible, adj. industrious, managing,
provident ; as, " She's a gay fendible
body "= She is a remarkably manag-
ing person.
Fendy, adj. thrifty, managing.
Fen'some, adj. (1) adroit. (2) Neat,
becoming.
Fent, n. a remnant of cotton, or other
woven fabric.
Fest, v.t. (1) to put out cattle to grass,
to agist at a rate per head agreed
upon. (2) To put out to board ; as,
" I agreed to fest mysel for ten shil-
lings a week "=I agreed to board for
ten shillings a week. (3) To let off
any work, O.N./esta, to agree for a
stipulated price, festa, a rent, Dan.
give i faiste, to let on lease, taga i
fceste, to take on lease ; Gael, fas-
daidh, hire, engage.
Fet, v.t. to fetch. A.S.fetian.
Fetch, n. subtlety, a crafty pretence in
order to deceive a person.
Fetch in, To : to seize.
Fetch up, To : to overtake.
Fettle, v.t. (1) to repair, to set right, to
put in order ; as, "I fettled it" = I
made it all right. (2) To beat. See
Fettling.
Fettle, n. state, condition ; as, " My
scythe's i' gradely fettle" = In right
good condition for work ; " I ' gud
fettle" = In good condition."
Fettling, n. a thrashing or beating ; as,
" I gev him a good fettling"
Fey, v.t. to cleanse.
Fezzan, Pr. of pheasant.
Fidge, v.i. to kick with the feet, to
fidget, to sprawl, to waddle.
Fidgin', adj. uneasy, restless, impatient.
FI
FL
Fierce, adj. brisk, lively.
Fift, Pr. of fifth.
Fig, v.t. to apply ginger to a horse to
excite him to carry a fine tail.
Fighting-cocks, n. the headed seed-
stems of rib-grass, with which boys
play by fighting with them. Comp.
Prov. Sw. hamper, N. kjempe (cham-
pions), names for the same objects.
Fig-sew, n. ale boiled with wheaten
bread and figs ; a common Good
Friday dish. W. sew, broth, pottage.
File, n. a name of contempt for a
person full of low cunning.
Filly-tails and Mares' -manes ; names
for streaky clouds of the cirrus kind.
Filth, n. a disreputable woman, a
scoundrel.
Filthy, adj. covered with weeds.
Find, v.t. Pr. of find.
Fine, adj. (1) considerable, good, praise-
worthy; as, "A fine deal" = A large
quantity; "Ay, she's a fine girl" =
She is a good, well-behaved, indus-
trious girl ; " It's gaan to be fine an'
wet "= It is likely for heavy rain.
Finely, adv. very well in health.
Finnikin, adj. finical, trifling, scrupu-
lously particular.
Fire-fanged, adj. of oats or barley too
hastily dried in the kiln.
First end, n. the beginning.
Firtle, v.i. to intermeddle in small
matters, to fidget.
Fish. " I'll net mekfish o' yan and fowl
o' t'udder " = I will show no partiality.
Fit, v.t. to serve out, to match, to be
equal with.
Fitches, n. vetches. Du. vitse, a vetch.
Fitters, n. very small pieces, fragments.
Fixfax, n. the thick tendon of a cow's
or ox's neck. S.G. ficlc-facJc.
Flaat (pret. of to flyte), scolded.
Flaatch, v.t. to flatter, to wheedle.
Flacker, v.i. to flutter, to quiver, to
use the wings hurriedly as a bird
does when taking hasty flight.
Flagging, n. the act of covering an
embankment or grass plot with sods.
Flah, n. a square grassy piece of turf
dried and used as fuel, and which
blazes up when put on the fire.
Flam, v.t. (1) to deceive or cheat. (2)
To flatter.
Flam, n. (1) falsehood. (2) Flattery,
Flan, adj. shallow and with sloping
or broad at the mouth and
narrow at the bottom ; as a pan, a
scuttle, etc.
Flang, pret. of to fling ; as, " Hefiang
t' staiyan" = He threw the stone.
Flange, v.i. to project out.
Flannen, n. flannel. W. gwlanen.
Flap, n. a stroke or touch.
Flap, v.t. to strike or beat.
Flap, n. (1) the leather or valve of a
pump. (2) A piece of anything flap-
ping to and fro on a line or point, as
a fiy-fiap to drive flies away.
Flapper, v.i. to quiver, to flutter.
Flappers, n. young birds just able try
their wings before flying.
Flat, n. a hollow in a field.
Flatch, v.t. to flatter. See Flaatch.
Flayin', n. a spectre, an apparition.
Flay, v.t. to frighten.
Flay, v.t. to pare turf with a breast
plough.
Flay-craa, n, a scarecrow, a guy.
Fleak, n. a fluke or flounder.
Fleak, n. (1) a species of hurdle or
rack. [Germ, fiechten, to interweave
or wattle, fiecht-werk, Sw. fiat-verk,
basket-work, Prov. Sw. fiake, wattled
hurdles. Ed.] (2) A number of cords,
to hang riddled bread upon. A.S.
fieax, a hairy thread, of which I have
often seen them made.
Fleckerin(g), n. the act of laughing or
moving about of the lips and mouth
in a scornful manner.
Flee, Pr. of fly, both vb. and n.
Fleed, p.p. fled.
Fleet, adj. shallow, as a pan or vessel,
or water.
Fleet, v.t. to skim or take the cream
off milk. A.S. fiiete, cream.
Fleeting-dish, n. a shallow dish for
skimming off the cream.
Fleet -milk, ) , . -, .71
Flet-milk, \ n' skimmed milk-
Meetings, n. (1) curds. (2) Cream.
A.S. fiiete.
Fleuks, n. fat vermin in the livers of
diseased sheep. Comp. Fleak.
Flewer, Pr. of floor.
Flick, n. a flitch of bacon. A.S.fiicce,
Dim.fiykke, Vl.fiikke, O.N.fiicki.
Flicker, v.i. to flutter.
Fligary, n. a gaudily-dressed girl.
Fling, v.t, (1) to baffle, to disappoint.
(2) To overcome, to throw in wrest-
ling. (3) To defraud, to cheat. (4)
To dance in a peculiar manner.
31
FL
FO
Flipe, n. the rim of a hat.
Flirligig, n. nondescript thing. (2) A
wanton lass.
Flirt, v.t. to move nimbly.
Flit, v.i. to remove, to shift one's goods
and furniture from one residence to
another. 0.~N.flytia, vehere, depor-
tare, N. Fris. fiytte, to remove out of
one house into another, Sw. fiytta,
to move, to remove, Dan. fiytte, to
change one's abode.
Flit )
Flitting, \ vd' fliSht> removal- <
Flite, v.t. to scold. A.S. fiitan, to
dispute, to quarrel.
Flocks, n. down ; also, inferior wool.
Flodder, n. foam. Fr. fiotter, to float,
imply something light and empty,
M. fioadran, something floating.
Flooring, n. a brood or flight of chickens
or other fowls.
Flop, v.i. to walk clumsily.
Florrish, n. blossom of fruit trees, etc.
Lat. fioreo, to bloom.
Flow, adj. (1) wild, untractable. (2)
Cold, boisterous.
Flowsy, n. a slattern.
Fluke, n. a flounder, flat-fish.
Fluke-mouthed, adj. having a mouth
like a flounder or fluke.
Flum, n. flattery, deceit.
Flummery, n, (1) nonsense. (2) Oat-
meal boiled in water until it is thick
and gelatinous.
Flurt, v.i. to snap the fingers derisively.
Flush, adj. (1) fully feathered. (2) Fair
or even with [artificer's term].
Flush, n. the hot stage of a fever. " I'
t' flush on it " = At the height of it.
Fluster, n. a great hurry, caused gene-
rally by a sudden surprise.
Flustered, adj. half-tipsy. (2) Swelled
or bloated.
Fluzz, v. t. to blunt.
Fluzzed, adj. blunt and jagged at the
point, bruised.
Flyrin(g), n. smiling scornfully.
Flyte, v.t. See Flite.
Foan-out, Pr. of fallen out.
Fob, v. t. to jerk the taw at marbles, by
an action of the whole hand, instead
of shooting it fairly with the thumb.
Foddher (Pr. of fodder), v.t. to supply
food to cattle.
Foddhergang, ) n. a passage along the
Fodderingang, ) heads of the booses
in a cowhouse from which fodder is
supplied to the cattle.
32
Fog, ns aftergrass, aftermath, the grass
that comes after a crop of hay. Comp.
foghar, the harvest, autumn, W.fwg,
long dry grass.
Foiled-girse, n. grass much trodden.
Foist, v.i. to smell musty.
Foisty, adj. musty.
Folk, n. family, household ; as, " Our
fowkv = Our family party or house-
hold, collectively.
Follow, v.t. to court, to pay addresses.
" He ha' wedd'd her at last ; he'd
followed her lang enouff."
Follower, n. one who is courting a
young woman.
Fond, adj. stupid, silly, idiotic. Isl.
faane, S.G. f tine, fatuus.
Fondly, adv. foolishly.
Foomart (Pr. of Foulmart), n. the pole-
cat. W. ffwlbart.
Foor, n. a furrow. A.S.furh, Du. voore,
Sw.fara.
Foot, n. the mark of the feet of the fox.
Foot, v.i. to dance. "Ise gaan to foot
it," i.e. to dance.
Foot-gate, n. a footpath.
Footer. See Faughter.
Footin', n. liquor or money given by
an apprentice to his fellows when
entering his engagement.
Foranent, adv. opposite to.
For-by, adv. besides, over and above.
Force, n. a cascade, a waterfall. O.N.
fors, a cascade, Sw.forsa, to rush, to
gush, fors, stream, waterfall, S.G.
fors, a cataract.
Force-fall, n. a waterfall in High Fur-
ness. 0 .N . fors-fall, a cascade.
Forder (Pr. of further), v.t. to promote,
advance, or further. S.G. fordra,
promo vere, juvare.
Fore-elders, n. ancestor. Dan. forceldre,
OJN.forelldri, S.G. and Sw.fSreldrar,
majores. [of a thing.
Fore-end, n. (1) spring. (2) Beginning
Foret (Pr. of forward), adv. forth.
Forgatten, ) f , ,
For|itten;|^forgotten-
Fork, v.t. to throw or heave with a
pitch-fork.
Formel, v. t. to bespeak. O.N. formcela,
diris devovere, S.G.formala, to men-
tion, Dan. formelde, to announce.
Formest, adj. earliest, foremost. A.S.
formest.
Fornace, Pr. of furnace.
Forrad (Pr. of forward), adv. and adj.
(1) onward. (2) More than half tipsy.
FO
FY
Forseet, Pr. of foresight.
Forsett-an-backsett : hemmed in on
every side. ,
Fortree, n. the lighter upright bar
of a gate, to which the staple for
fastening is attached. See Har-
tree.
Foss, n. a waterfall. As Foss Forge
in the parish of Cotton, High Fur-
ness. O.N. foss, a cascade. See
Force.
Fetch, J-*- to fetch.
Fotheram, n. an open passage along
the heads of the stalls in a cow-
house, from whence the cattle are
supplied with fodder. See Foddher-
gang.
Foul, n. an ulcerous sore in a cow's foot.
Fout, n. a pet, a spoiled child.
Fower, Pr. of four. Cf. A.S.fower.
Fower-faad, Pr. of fold-fold.
Fowert, Pr. of fourth.
Fra, prep. from. A.S. fra, from, O.N.
fra, S.G./ra, Dan. fra.
Fram, adj. brittle, tender.
Franteckles, n. freckles. See Farn-
tickles.
Frap, n. noise, the noise of a cracker.
Frap, v.t. (1) to strike. (2) To brag,
to boast.
Fratch, (1) v.i. to scold, to quarrel. (2)
v.t. To shuffle or cheat in joke.
Fratched, adj. restive, or that has
vicious tricks in harness ; applied to
a horse.
Fray, v.t. to frighten, to terrify.
Freat, v.i. to mourn, to grieve ; as, " She
freats terbly after t' barns " = She
frets sadly after the children.
Free-martin, n. If a cow has twin
calves of different sexes, the female
calf is termed a free-martin, and is
said never to breed.
Freet, ) n. a spectre, an apparition,
Free tin (g), ) a frightful object.
Fresh, n. the swelling of a river through
heavy rain ; in distinction from the
tidal flood,
Fresh, adj. (1) brisk, vigorous, quick.
(2) Rather fat, in good condition ;
applied to cattle.
Freyam (Pr. of frame), v.a. to set
about a thing, to attempt ; as, " He
freyams weel" = He makes a good
attempt.
Freyaz, Pr. of fraze, pret. of to freeze.
A.S. freas.
D
Fridge, v.t. to rub, to fray, to wear
away by friction.
Frig, v.t. to wriggle.
Frith, n. unused pasture land.
Froff, ) adj. loose, spongy, easily
Fruff, ) broken.
Frosg, ) n. a frog. A.S. frox, O.N.
Frosk, ] frosha, rana.
Frouzy, adj. froward, peevish, crusty.
Frow, n. a dirty woman, a slattern.
Du. vrouwe, a woman, wife.
Frozzen, p.p. of to freeze.
Frum, adj. short, applied to pastry ;
brittle.
Frump, v.t. to be rude to, to rebuke.
Fry, To shoot one's, to make a last
effort without success. Derived from
the analogy of a female herring,
who, having shot her fry, has done
all she can do in the course of
nature.
Fud, n. the hair of a hare or rabbit. A
gamekeeper will say, "I've gitten
n&yderfud ner feddher to-day ; " i.e.
no game at all, either furred or
Fuff, n. (1) 'a puff of wind. (2) A testy
fit of anger, a pet.
Fuffed up, adj. swollen.
Fuffy, adj. light, soft, or spongy.
Full, adv. quite, entirely ; as, " Full
ripe," of corn, apples, etc. Com-
pounds of this word, as full-hang,
full-hutt,^ full-s^lit, full-drive, etc.,
denote violence and impetuosity.
Full-out, adv. utterly, to the utter-
most; as, " Full-out as mich" = To
the full as much.
Fullock, v.t. to jerk the hand and arm
unlawfully at marbles, instead of
shooting from the thumb-joint, with
the hand perfectly steady.
Full-mickle, adj. too much by far.
O.N. fullmiUll, permagnus,
Fummel, Pr. of fumble.
Fummler, Pr. of fumbler.
Fund, p.p. of To find. A.S. funden,
p.p. offndan, to find, 0.~Fris. funden,
O.N. fundinn, D&n.fundet.
Fussock, n. a large gross woman.
Fust, v.i. to mould as corn does.
Fuzz-boe, Pr. of fuzz-ball.
Fuzzy, adj. light and spongy,
Fylde, n. low marshy land, as Poulton-
m-the-Fylde. The same character of
country about Heysham is sometimes
called the Little Fylde.
33
GA
GA
Ga,
Gaa,
G.
v.i. to go. O.N. and S.G, ga.
Gaaby, ) n. a fool, a dolt. Cf. Dan.
Gauby, J gaabe, to gape, to yawn.
Gaan, p.p. of To Ga or Gaa.
Gaein, pcpl. going.
Gaains-on, n. proceedings. "I'll hae
nowt ta du wi sic like gaains-on" =1
will be no party to such proceedings.
Gab, n. chat, great flow of words.
Gab, ) v.i. to talk idly, to jest, to
Gabber, ] prate. Gael, gabair, a
chatting, talking fellow.
Gaddher, Pr. of gather.
Gaddin', n. the act of gossiping, going
about idly from house to house.
Gaed, pret. of To Ga or Gaa.
Gaff, n. an iron hook.
Gaffer, n. a head labourer or workman,
a leading person, an umpire.
Gaggle, v.i. to cackle. Du. gagelen, to
cackle like a goose.
Gailfat, n. the vat in which malt liquor
is set to ferment. See Gyle-vat.
Gaily, adj. pretty well in health, or in
point of success.
Gain, adj. (1) direct, near> convenient.
O.N. gegn, over against, Sw. D. gajn,
direct. Comp. Dan. gienvei, a short
cut, with "It's t' gainer way oor t'
fields."^ (2) Tractable.
Gain, adj. advantageous, desirable, pre-
ferable.
Gait, v.t. to set up sheaves of corn in
wet weather to dry.
Gait, n. pasturage for cattle during
summer in a common field : one gait
being equal to maintain a cow, a
horse is counted as two gaits, and a
calf half a gait.
Gaitin(g)s, n. single sheaves of corn
set up on end to dry.
Gale, n. wild myrtle (Myrica gale).
Galing, adj. setting the teeth on edge
with cold ; applied to victuals.
Galiot, n. the oak-apple.
Gallas, Pr. of gallows.
Gallas-dog, n. a worthless fellow : a
prophetical allusion to his probable
end.
Gallases, n. braces.
Galloway, n. a pony : possibly so
called from the small breed of horses
which come from that country.
Gallows, adv. very, excessively.
34
Gam, adj. crooked ; as, "A gam leg."
W. cam, crooked.
Gamashes, n* a sort of spatterdashes
or short gaiters.
Gambrel. See Camerel.
Gang, v.i. to go. A.S. gangan, O.N.
gdnga, M.G. gaggan.
Gang-boose, n. the narrow passage
from the cow-house to the barn.
Ganger, n. a good goer ; of a horse.
Dan. ganger, a steed.
Gangenl, ) n. a vagrant, a vagabond,
Gangrill, ) a pedlar. A.S. g anger e,
one going on foot.
Ganging, pcpl. going.
Ganny, n. a child's name for grand-
mother.
Gant, Pr. of gaunt.
Gantree, ) n. a kind of wooden frame
Gantry, ) or stand on which beer
barrels are placed.
Gap, v.t. to notch, to jag.
Gape-seed, To sow, to go sight-seeing,
which is often an occasion to the
young and ignorant to gape and stare
from the novelty of the objects.
Gar, v.t. to cause, to compel. O.N.
gora, Sw. go'ra, Dan. giore, to do, to
make.
Garish, adj. wild, foolishly gay.
Garn, n. yarn. A.S. gearn, O.N. gam,
Sw. and Dan. garn.
Garner, n. a granary.
Garrets, To be wrang i yan's, to be
wanting in intellect, or suffering from
temporary delirium.
Garth, n. a small field or enclosure,
adjoining a house. A.S. geard, Dan.
gaard, a garden. Usually a postfix,
as Coney-garth, an enclosure abound-
ing with rabbits, School-^ar^A, Chapel-
garth, Kirk- garth = Churchyard,
N.Pris. gaard, O.N. garSr, Sw. garde,
a field.
Gat, pret. of To get ; a word in very
frequent use ; as, " She gat her bed
(was confined), and sune gat about
again ; " " T ' ship hed gitten onto t'
rocks, an' then she was gitten off, an'
gat into harbour ; '' " He gat away
at last." Cf. O.N. gat, pret. of geta.
Gate, n. (1) a way or road gone, thence
a way, road, street, absolutely ; and
thence, (2) Way, manner, fashion;
as, " Gang thy ain gate." " Go thy
gate"=- Go thy way.
Ganger, n. an exciseman.
Gauk, v.i. to stare vacantly.
GA
GI
Gauky, n. a simpleton, a clown.
Gauky, adj. awkward.
Gaum, v.t. to comprehend or under-
stand, to distinguish, to consider.
M.G. gaumjan, to perceive, give heed
to, A.S. gyman or geomian.
Gaumless, adj. stupid, unobservant,
vacant, without much sense ; as, "A
gaumless gannet"=A great simple-
ton. A.S. gymeleas.
Gauntry. See Gantree.
Gaup, n. a stupid stare.
Gaustering, adj. imperious, dictatorial.
Gauvey, n. a dunce. See Gaaby and
Gaup.
Gavelock, n. an iron crowbar, chiefly
used for making holes for hedge-
stakes. "W. gaflach, a javelin, A.S.
gaveloc, a javelin.
Gay, adj. considerable, moderately nu-
merous or large ; as, " A gay bit " =
A considerable piece or quantity.
Gay, adv. considerably : as, "A gay
fine day ;" "A gay guid an."
Geal, v.i. to be benumbed with cold.
Gear, n. harness, tackle of any kind,
furniture ; as plough-^ear, cart-^ear,
etc. A.S. gearwa, clothing, prepar-
ation.
Gearum, Out of (the g soft), out of
order.
Geb, v.i. to stare about vacantly, with
the chin or face turned upwards.
Gee (g soft), v.i. to agree, to suit to-
gether.
Gee, interj. a word of command used
by carters to make a horse go to the
right. N. Fris. jii.
Gee -ho. A phrase addressed to horses
to make them go.
Geen, )
Glen,' \P-P- «"»•
Geld, v.t. a tax or imposition.
Geld, v.t. (1) to castrate. (2) To de-
prive the female amongst animals of
the power of generation. Isl. gelda.
Geld, adj. barren ; as, "A geld cow or
ewe "=a cow or ewe not with young
at the usual time. O.N. geld, infe-
cundus.
Gelt, adj. barren or impotent. See
Geld.
Gem, Pr. of game. M. gamm, O.N.
gaman, pastime, sport, game, Dan.
gammen, to be sportive.
Gem. See Gam.
Gemmer, ) n. (g soft) a small hinge for
Gimmer, j a closet or desk door.
Gerse, n. grass. A.S., O.Fris., and Du.
gers.
Gerse, v.t. to graze. "To gerse out
cattle "= To send them out to gist.
O.N. gresia, to graze.
Gersing, n. pasturage.
Gersy, adj. grassy.
Gert, ) adj. (1) great. (2) Large with
Girt, ] child. (3) On intimate terms
with any one ; as, " They're fearful
girt " = Exceedingly intimate with
each other.
Gessling, n. a gosling.
Getten, p.p. got. O.N. gettinn.
Geyan, p.p. gone.
Geyap, Pr. of gape. O.N. gapa, hiante
ore intueri.
Gib, n. (1) a hook. (2) A hooked stick.
Fr. gibbeux, gibbous, crooked.
Gibbet. " To gibbet a toad " = To place
it on a lath or piece of wooden hoop,
and, by striking one end, project it
violently into the air.
Gibble-gabble, n. idle, nonsensical talk
Gie, v.t. to give.
Giest, Pr. of joist.
Gifts, n. white specks on the finger-
nails, said to portend gifts.
Gigly (g soft), adj. unsteady, likely to
be upset.
Gike (g soft), v.i. to creak.
Gildert, n. a snare of horse-hair. O.N.
and O.Sw. gilder, a snare, a gin,
0. Dan. gilder, id.
Gill, n. a narrow valley, ravine, or dell,
usually with a small but rapid stream
running through it. Isl. gil, hiatus
montium.
Gill (g soft), n. half a pint.
Gilliver (g soft), n. (1) a wanton wench.
(2) A gilliflower.
Gilt, n. (1) a spayed sow. (2) A young
female pig. A.S. gilte, a young sow,
O.N. gilta, porca, Dan. gylt, a young
sow.
Gimble, v.i. to walk pigeon-toed, or with
the toes turned inwards.
Gimlick, Corr. of gimblet,
Gimma, Corr. of give me.
Gimmer, n. an ewe lamb or sheep.
Dan. gimmer-lam, an ewe lamb, S.G.
gimmer, Sw. gimmer, a sheep pro-
ducing young for the first time, Dan.
gimmer, an ewe that has not lambed.
Gin, n. (1) an engine, contrivance. Still
used for a trap or snare. (2) A
wooden perpendicular axle, which
has arms projecting from its upper
35
GI
GO
part that furnish the means of yok-
ing a horse or horses for the purpose
of turning it round and winding up
a rope attached to something to be
raised; as coal from a pit, water from
a shaft, etc.
Ginnel, n. (1) a hollow in which water
runs. C£ Arm. gemot, a channel,
Corn, gannel. (2) A narrow entrance
or passage, a gorge. A.S. gin, a
gaping, narrow opening, a abyss.
Ginners, n. the gills of a fish. O.N.
gin, a gaping, S.G. gina, to extend
the jaws, AS. ginimi, to open, to
yawn.
Girdle, n. a circular plate of iron on
which cakes are baked.
Girn, v.i. to grin, to snarl. 0 .N. grenia,
to snarl, S.G. grina, M. gym, to grin.
Girnin', adj. grinning. " I good girnin
arnest "= In downright earnest.
Gise (g soft), v.t. to put cattle out to
grass at a sum agreed on per head.
See next word.
Gist (g soft), v.t. to agist, to pasture
out cattle on hire.
Gist ; used adjectively to describe cattle
taken in to depasture at a stipulated
price.
Glsting, n. the agistment of cattle.
Git, Pr. of get. "Is ta gaaen to git
deead ?"=Is thou going to die ?
Gitpenny, n, an old term for a play that
turned out profitable.
Git, n. offspring, stock. " It's net a bad
git "= Not a bad breed, stock.
Give again, v.i. to thaw, to yield, of a
frost ; to relax through damp or fer-
mentation.
Give back, v.i. to recede, from purpose
or place, to give way.
Give the sack, to dismiss.
Give out, v.i. to fail ; of a supply.
Give over, v.i. to discontinue, leave off;
of persons engaged in anything, of
rain, a storm, etc.
Given, adj. disposed, inclined.
Gizle (g soft), v.i. to walk mincingly.
Gizzern, n. the gizzard.
Glad, adj. smooth, easy ; of a door or
bolt that goes smoothly or slips easily.
Gladden, v.t. to soften, to make smooth.
Gladly, adv. nicely, readily.
Gladsome, adj. pleasant.
Glaping, n. a sauntering idly about.
Glassiver, n. a glazier.
Glazzen, v.t. to glaze.
Glazzener, n. a glazier.
36
Glead, n. the kite. A.S.
Glender, v.i. to stare.
Glent, v.i. (1) to peep, look aside. (2)
To go aside.
GliM,' | n- a SlimPse'
Gliff, n. a transient sight, a glimpse.
Glish, ) v.i. to glitter or shine. Teut.
Glisk, ) gleissen, to glister.
Glister, v.i. to glitter or sparkle. Du.
glijsteren, id., O.N. gleestr, splendidus,
splendide ornatus.
Glister, Corr. of clyster.
Gloaming, n. twilight. A.S. glomung,
twilight.
Gloam, v.i. to become partially dark.
" Gloaming for heat " = Becoming
hazy, as before heat.
Gloo, v.i. to squint.
Glooar, v.i. to stare, to gaze with dilated
eyes. Du. gluuren, to leer, ogle, spy,
peep, N.Fris. gloar, glo, to stare, to
gaze, Dan. gloe.
Glop, v.i. to stare. Isl. glopur, a fool,
S.G. glop, fatuus, stultus, O.Fris.
glupa, to look, to peep, to look
sullenly.
Gloppen, (1) v.t. to startle. (2) v.i. To
feel astonished, to be startled.
Gloppened, adj. stupified with amaze-
ment, astonished, confounded.
Gloppers, n. blinkers for a horse.
SJ0!!' . I See Glooar.
Glower,
Gloum, v.i. to darken, to grow gloomy.
Glnmp'd, adj. gloomy.
Glumping, adj. surly, sulky.
Gnaa, Pr. of gnaw.
Gnag, v.t. to gnaw. AS. gnagan, to
gnaw, O.N. gnaga.
Gnar, n. a knot in wood.
Gnar, v.i. to quarrel, to growl, to snarl.
Gnarl, (1) v.i. to snarl. (2) v.t. To
gnaw, to work with the teeth as a
dog does at a bone.
Gnatter, (1) v.i. to grumble, find fault
in a peevish way. (2) v.t. To gnaw.
Gnattery, adj. ill-tempered.
Goaster, v.i. to laugh loudly.
Gob, n. (1) the mouth. "Hod the' gob"
= Cease your prate. Gael, gob, M.
gob, the mouth. (2) Idle talk, prate.
(3) A portion, a lump ; as, " a gob of
suet," etc.
Gobbet, n. the mouth.
Gobble, v.t. to do anything fast.
Gob -full, n. mouthful.
Gobslotch, n. a dirty, voracious eater.
GO
GR
Gobstick, n. a spoon.
Goddill ! "A Qoddill /"= If God will,
if it please God.
God-speed, n. success, prosperity ; a
benevolent wish at the commence-
ment of an undertaking. "I wish
you God-speed."
Goflf, n. a foolish clown, a silly fellow,
an oaf. N.Fr. goffe, clownish, ill-
dressed, clumsy.
Gofering, n. a sort of crimping per-
formed on frills, etc.
Goggy, n. an egg. W. gocwy, an egg
that has the shell hardened, as dis-
tinguished from a wind-egg.
Goldspink, n. a goldfinch.
Gollin, n. a marigold.
Golsh, v.t. to gulp.
Gomerel, n. a blockhead.
Gooast, Pr. of ghost.
Gooat, Pr. of goat.
Good (rhymes with food), ) n. the ox-
Gowd, ) eye daisy.
Good-feaw, adj. a fair number.
Good-like, adj. handsome.
Goodman, n. the husband or master of
a house ; as, " My goodman is frae
heyam " = My husband is not at
home.
Goods, n. cattle.
Good to nought : good for nothing.
Good-woman, n, a wife. " Wait t'l my
good-woman comes."
Goold, Pr. of gold.
Gor, adj. rotten, decayed.
Gor, n. a sea-gull.
Gorgeons (Pr. of gudgeons), n. iron
pins fixed into a gate-post to hang
the gate upon.
Gorrish, } ■,■ i -.
Go ' > adj. large and coarse.
Gossamer, n. (1) down of plants. (2)
Cobwebs. (3) Vapour arising from
marshy ground in warm weather.
Gossip, n. a sponsor at baptism. A.S.
Goud, Pr. of gold.
SZLSpink' \ See Goldspink.
Goudy,
Goupen, adv.'&s much as can be held
in both hands when open together.
O.N. gaupn, cava manus, S.G. gbpen,
hollow of the hand, Sw. gopen.
Gowk, n. a fool, a simpleton. A,S. geac,
a cuckoo, O.N. gaukr, S.G. gbk,
cuculus. This identity between a
cuckoo and a simpleton, though com-
mon to other languages with the
Lonsd. pro v., I never could see the
reason of. [I believe there is no
real connection between the name of
the cuckoo and the word Gowk, a
fool. The latter may be probably
identified with gauk, gauky, which
Mr. Wedgwood refers to O.E. awke.
Ed.]
Grabble, v.t. to grope. " To grabble for
trout ;" i.e. to grope in holes for them.
Gradely, adj. proper, complete, good.
" He's a gradely fellow "= A respect-
able and honourable person.
Gradely, adv. properly, skilfully, com-
pletely, decently, orderly.
Graining, n. the fork of a tree.
Grains, n. (1) the branches, as of a tree.
(2) The prongs of a fork. O.N. grein,
ramus, S.G. gren.
Grange, n. a large farm-house and de-
pendent buildings, Originally that
belonging to the lord of the manor, or
to a monastery, as Beaumont-^ra^e,
~Ellel-grange, etc. M.L. grangia, a
granary, a grange or farm-house,
N.Fr. grange, a barn.
Granny-hitch, n. an awkwardly made
bow or knot, etc.
Greaw-dog, n. a greyhound.
Gree, v.i. to agree.
Greedy, v.i. to long for.
Green, adj. unseasoned; applied to wood.
Greeney, n. the green grosbeak, or
green linnet.
Greenhand, n. one who is awkward at
any work from inexperience.
Green-hew, n. the right of cutting
hollies and evergreens in winter for
sheep, etc.
Greet, v.i. to weep, to lament (pret.
grat). O.Fris. greta, to make a com-
plaint, O.N. grata, M.G. gretan, A.S.
grcetan, Sw. grata, Dan. grcede.
Greeyan, Pr. of groan. [sand.
Gr6t, n. fine gravel, sand. O.Fris. gret,
Greyap, Pr. of grope.
Greyav, Pr. of grave, to dig or cut
peats. "To greyav torf"=To cut
or dig out peats. O.N. grafa, grafa
torf, efFodere csespites, Dan. grave,
Sw. grafva, M.G. graban.
Grey-George, n. a large stone bottle.
Fr. bouteille de gris.
Grig, n. (1) a greyhound. (2) A cricket.
"As merry as a grig."
Grike, n. crevice, chink, or rut.
Grime, v.t. to mark or daub with soot.
O.N. grlma, to begrime.
37
GR
HA
Grime, n. soot or smut.
Grimm', n. a sprinkling ; as, "A grimirf
o' sna"=A slight fall of snow.
Grimy, adj. sooty.
Grip, n. (1) a small open ditch. (2) The
space between the stalls in a double-
stalled cow-house.
Grip, ) v.t. to make shallow ditches or
Gripe, ] grips.
Gripe, n. a three-pronged dung-fork.
Gripe, v.t. to seize, to embrace. O.N.
O.Fris. and Sw. gripa, A.S. gripan,
Dan. gribe,
Gripes, n. a pair of wooden pincers
with long handles for weeding corn.
Grisled, adj. grisly, frightful.
Groan, n. the noise made by a buck at
rutting time.
Groats ; always used along with the
blood in the composition of black
puddings ; hence the proverb current
in Lonsdale, " Blood without groats
is nowt," meaning that family with-
out fortune is of no consequence.
Grobble, v.t. to make holes. See Grab-
ble, which is merely a form of this.
Grogram, n. a coarse kind of silk taffety.
Groon, n. the snout of a pig.
Groop, n. the channel of a shippon.
Grooves, n. the turnings within the
hole of a screw plate, and the little
hollows in a screw-pin, are called the
grooves.
Groping, n. (1) a mode of ascertaining
whether geese or fowls have eggs.
(2) A mode of catching trout by
tickling them with the hands under
rocks or banks.
Grosh, adj. fat, luxuriant.
Growing -day, A, a warm moist day
suited to make plants grow well, to
promote vegetation.
Grabbin-mattock, n. an instrument or
tool to grub roots or trees with.
Grubby, adj. (1) poor. (2) Testy, peevish.
Gruff, adj. surly, rude, imperious.
Grum, adj. angry, surly.
Grump, v.i. to growl, to grumble.
Grand, Pr. of ground.
Grand, v.t. to grind.
Grandwark, n. foundation.
Grannelstone, ) . •, ,
Granstan, \n' a B™***»
Grunsel, Pr. of groundsel. A.S. grund-
swelige, Gael, grunnasg, M. grundsyl.
Gud, Pr. of good.
Guest, n. a creature or person. "An
ill guest " = a bad-looking fellow.
38
Guil-fat. See Gail-fat.
Guider, n. a tendon.
Gullet, n. a small stream.
Guide-stoop, n. a guide post.
Gulley, n. a large knife used in farm-
houses, principally to cut bread, cheese,
etc. for the household.
Gummy, adj. thick, swollen.
Gumption, n. talent, understanding,
comprehension combined with energy.
Goth, gaumjan.
Gumptious, adj. quarrelsome, rough,
heedless, careless.
Gup ! go up ! An exclamation addressed
to a horse.
Gush, n. a gust of wind.
Gutling, n. a glutton.
Gutter, n. a small stream of water deep
and narrow.
Guy, v.t. to guide or direct.
Guy-reyap, n. a guy-rope, or rope used
to guide or direct the fall of a tree,
or stones as they are hoisted into
their places in buildings.
Gyge ) (g soft), v.i. to creak like a
Gyke ] wheel that wants grease.
Gyle -fat, n. a brewing vat or wash-nop,
a water-nop ; also a tub for rain. See
Gailfat, which is merely a phonetic
variation of this word.
Ha, Contr. of ha'e for have.
Ha ! ) interj. a word of command used
Hah ! ] by carters to make their horses
go to the left.
Haac, Pr. of hawk.
Haafd, } Pr- of holcL
Haalds, Pr. of holds. "Fish haalds" =
Places of security where fish lodge
under banks, etc.
Haams, n. See Heyams.
Haap'ny, Pr. of halfpenny.
Haathorn, Pr. of hawthorn.
Hack, n. a stone-pick, or mattock, used
by excavators ; and also in trenching
land, for loosening the earth previous
to digging it out. Sw. hacka, a hoe,
Dan. hakke, a mattock. .
Hack at, v.t. to talk at a person per-
tinaciously.
Hackberry. See Hagberry.
Hackle, v.i. to dress, array, to trim up ;
as, " Cum, lass, git thlsel' hackled."
HA
HA
Hack-pudding, n. (1) a kind of large
dumpling eaten at sheepshearings.
(2) A mess made of sheep's heart,
chopped with suet and sweet fruits.
Haffle, v.i. to stammer, to prevaricate,
to falter.
Hag, v.t. to hew, chop, or hack.
Hag, n. an enclosure, a wood. A.S.
haga, an enclosure, O.N. hagi, 1.
sepes, 2. pascuum, S.G. Aa^, sepi-
mentum, etc., Sw. hage, pasture
ground enclosed.
Hag, n, a lot or set portion of work, as
distinguished from day work ; as,
" I wark be t' hag, an net be t' day "
= 1 work by the hag, i.e. by the job,
and not by the day.
Hag, n. a certain division of wood in-
tended to be cut. In England, when
a set of workmen undertake to fell a
wood, they divide it into equal por-
tions by cutting off a rod, called a
hag-stdk, three or four feet from the
ground, to mark the divisions, each
of which is called a hag.
Hagberry, the bird-cherry (Prunus
padus). Sw. hdggebar.
Haggle, (1) v.i. to drive a hard bargain.
(2) v.t. To cut irregularly. (3) To
tease.
Hag-stock, n. a block to chop wood
upon. " As foul as t' hagstock"
Hagues, n. haws.
Hail-shot, n. common shot.
Haips, n. a sloven.
Hake, v.i. to go about amongst other
idlers.
Halo' ( a(%' *™^^» bashful, shy.
Halch, v.t. to noose, to tie : the former
more especially.
Half-baked, adj. raw, half-silly.
Halfpenny, To keep one's hand on
one's = To be near or stingy.
Haliday, Pr. of holiday. "Blind man's
holiday "= Twilight.
Halla-een, n. All-hallows-eve, the vigil
of All Saints' day.
Hallen, n. the partition between the
door and the fire-place.
Hallen-pin, n. a pin fixed in the hallen
for hanging hats, etc. on.
Hallen-post, n. the post at the ex-
tremity of the sconce.
Ham, n. the thigh.
Hammer-bleat, n. the note of a snipe.
Hammer, (1) v.i. to stammer. (2) v.t. To
beat severely.
deeoth."
Hammle, v.i. to halt, to walk lame or
clumsily.
Ham-sam, adv. disorderly, confusedly,
promiscuously.
Hamshackle, v.t. to fasten the head of
a vicious animal to one of its fore-legs.
Hand, To swap even, to exchange
without advantage.
Hand afore, He's any = Ready and
prepared for any undertaking.
Handbrede, n. a hand's breadth. AS.
handbrosd, 0. Fris. handbrede, Sw.
handbredd, hand breath.
Hand- clout, n. a towel.
Handersome, adj. meddling.
Hand-running, adv. without interrup-
tion.
Handsel, v.i. to have the first use of
anything. A.S. handsylen, a giving
into the hands, O.N. handselia.
Handsel, n. the first money received
for the sale of goods. A.S. hand-
selen, a putting others into possession,
O.N. handsal, S.G. handsel, merci-
monii divenditi primitiee, Sw. hand-
sol, Dan. handsel.
Hand-staff, n. the handle of a flail.
Hands-turn, n. a single act of work or
occupation. " She niver duz a hands-
turn "= She never turns her hand to
any labour.
Handy, adj. ready, expert, clever. S.G.
handig, nimble, quick, active.
Handy-cuffs, n. blows.
Hang-gallows, n. a villain, a fellow
who deserves the gallows.
Hang in the bell ropes, To, to be asked
in church by banns and then defer
the marriage.
Hangment, n. the devil ; as, " To play
the hangment " = To be much en-
raged ; "What the hangment f" An
expression of surprise.
Hank, n. a rope or loop for fastening a
gate. " To keep a good hank upon
your horse " = To have a good hold
of the reins. " To have a hank on
another = To have him entangled.
Hank, v.t. (1) to fasten. (2) To form
into hanks or skeins.
Hank, n. a skein of thread or worsted.
O.N. hdnki, haunk, Sw. hank, string.
Hankie, v.t. to entangle silk, thread, or
worsted.
Hankisher, Corr. of handkerchief.
Hap (seldom used), n. chance, fortune.
39
HA
HE
Hap, v.t. to wrap or cover up warmly.
Happen, adv. perhaps, possibly. Ellip-
tical for " It may happen."
Happen-on, v.i. to meet with, to be
lucky. " If I sud happen-on " = If
I should be lucky, or meet with him.
Happin', ) n. any kind of covering or
Haps, ] wrapping for bed or body.
Hard, adj. (1) sour-; said of ale. S.G.
hard, de potulentis . . . quod ascescere
incipit, hard dricka. (2) Hardy,
strong, tough, not easily put out of
the way.
Hard of hearing, more or less deaf.
Hard laid on, burdened, oppressed ; as
' by heavy charges or assessment, by
sickness, or the like.
Hard-by, adv. very near.
Harden, v.t. to air clothes.
Hard-grain, n. a present of wheat or
money made to children at Christmas.
Hardheads, n. (1) the plant knapweed.
(2) The seed -heads of the rib-grass
or plantain.
Hardiment, n. courage.
Hardwood trees, n. trees that change
their leaves annually.
Hard set, adj. scarcely able ; as, hard
set to make a living.
Hark-ye-but ! do but hearken !
Harnish, Pr. of harness.
Harnes, n. the brains.
Harn-pan, n, the skull.
Harra, Pr. of harrow.
Harra-bulls, n. the wooden frame of a
harrow.
Harrest, Corr. of harvest.
Harrish (Pr. of harass), v.t. to overwork
bodily or mentally.
Harry -behint, an appellation for any-
one who is behind time.
Harry-lang-legs, n. a long-legged fly of
the genus Tipula or Cranefly.
Harsk, adj. dry, astringent. S.G. hwrsfc,
hard, sour, severe.
Harstan, n. Corr. of hearthstone.
Hartree, n. the thick upright post of a
gate, into which the bars are put.
Hask, adj. parched, harsh, dry ; also
with a special application to the
weather. See Harsk.
Haspert, n. a rough fellow.
Haspin, n. an idle fellow, a hunks.
Haster, n. a tin meat-screen.
Hasty - poddish, n. porridge hastily
made of oat-meal and water.
Hath ye ! Hark you ! Do you listen !
Hattock, n. a shock of corn consisting
40
of ten sheaves, eight placed by twos
against each other, and two, called
hood-sheaves, covering over the tops,
or grain-ends of the rest.
Hauf-thick, adj. half-fat. " She's nob-
but hauf '-thick "=Not fat enough for
the butcher ; only half fed.
Haugh, n. a green plot in a valley. A
frequent name for fields ; as, " Lang-
rig haugh."
Haups, n. a gawky.
Hause, n. (1) a narrow passage like a
throat. (2) A narrow connecting ridge
like a neck (generally applied to
places of this description amongst
mountains, as Swirrel hause). O.N.
and A.S. hals, a neck, a rather long
hill, S.G. hals, a hill, Sw. hals, a neck,
M.G. hals.
Hawer-girse, n. wild oats.
Havver, n. oats. O.N. hafr, avena,
S.G. hafra, Sw. hafre, oats, N.Fr.
haveron, wild oats.
Hawer-bread, n. oat-bread.
Hawer-keyak, n. oat-cake.
Havver-meal, n. oat-meal. Sw. haf-
remjol.
Havver-riddle, n. a sieve for oats.
Hawer-seck, n. an oat-meal bag.
Hawbuck, n. a silly clown.
Hawk, v.i. to cough, to bring up phlegm,
to expectorate. W. hochi, to throw
up phlegm, hoch, a hawking.
Hay- chick, ) n. a name for the White-
Hay-chat, ) throat.
Hay-girs, n. grass intended for hay.
Hay-knife, n. a knife used for cutting
hay out of the stack.
Hay-mow, n. a quantity of hay stored
away in a barn.
Hazy, adj. drizzling.
Hegh, Pr. of high.
He, you ; as, " Will he come an see
us?" = Will you come and see us?
Used to adults as well as to children.
[Comp. the Germ, idiomatic use of
Sie ; as, "Haben sie is ? " = Have you
it ? Literally, Have they it ? Ed.]
Head, Pr. of head. "Head and plucks"
= The refuse of timber trees. " He
took it up of his own head"=Ke
taught himself. " To set their heads
together " = To consult.
Headriggs, n. the riggs or butts in a
ploughed field which lie close to the
hedges and run parallel to them, but
at right angles to all the rest of the
riggs (if the field be square).
HE
HE
Head-wark, n. the headache.
Heady, adj. self-willed.
Heaf, n. the particular place where a
flock of sheep feeds on a common or
mountain.
Heafin', n. a tending or watching, as
of sheep or cattle on a mountain.
Heal, Pr. of whole.
Heald, v.t. (1) to rely on. (2) To in-
cline a vessel in order to empty it.
A.S. healdan, to incline, lean, O.N.
halla, S.G. hcella, inclinare.
Healo. See Hala.
Healsome, Pr. of wholesome.
Heams. See Heyams.
Heap (Pr. of hoop), n. a measure, four
hoops being one peck.
Heart, n. the stomach.
Heart, To have broken the, (of any
piece of work) = To have done the
greater part of it.
Heart in a nut-shell, To have one's,
to act like a coward.
Hearten, v.t. to encourage, to inspirit.
Hear-ye-but : an expletive, denoting
surprise and astonishment.
Heas, v.i. to chill.
Heat, Pr. of hot and heat.
Heave, v.t. to pour corn from a scuttle
before the wind.
Heavisome, adj. somewhat heavy.
Heaw, Pr. of hew. [bridge.
Hebble-tree, n. the hand-rail on a foot-
Heck, ) n. the moveable hinder
Heck-boord, ) part of a cart.
Heck ! interj. used to draught horses to
direct them to come near.
Heck, n. (1) a half door, an inner door
into a house. (2) A rack for hay or
other fodder.
Heckberry. See Hagberry.
Heckle, v.t. to dress tow or flax. Du.
helcelen.
Heckle, n. an instrument with iron
teeth for dressing tow or flax. Du.
hekel, N.Fris. hdgel, M. heckyl, S.G.
hcekla, instrumentum dentatum, quo
linum carminatur.
Heckler, n. a tow or flax dresser. Du.
kekelaer.
Hed, pret. of To have.
Hedd, pret. of To heed.
Hedden, p.p. of To have.
Heddiwissen : had I known.
Hedge-bote, n. timber, fire-wood.
Heeard, pret. and p.p. of To hear.
Heel, n. the rind of cheese, the last bit
of a crust of bread.
Heeler, n. a poser, a silencer.
Heerin', Pr. of herring.
Heerse, Pr. of hearse.
Heft, n. a haft, handle. A.S. hceft, Du.
heft.
Heft, Louze i' t', = Careless, of loose
character and conduct.
Heft, Tight i' t', = Near, close-fisted,
stingy, cautious.
Heigh, v.n. to make haste ; as, " Was
he heighing hissel ? "
Heigh-ho, v.i. to yawn.
Heighmost, adj. highest.
Heighst, Pr. of highest.
Heighth, Corr. of height.
Heir, v.t. to inherit from anyone.
Heiring-syke, n. a brook near Burton
which divides Lancashire from West-
moreland.
Helk, n. a large, heavy person.
Helks, n. large clouds, or large crags.
Hellered, adj. swollen, inflamed.
Hell on, v.t. to pour water on flour to
make bread. Isl. hella, to pour out.
Helter (Pr. of halter), n. a horse-collar
made of hemp.
Helve, n. the haft of a spade. A.S.
helf, a handle.
Hennel-coal, a name for Cannel-coal.
Hennot, Corr. of have not.
Henpenny, n. the herb Melampyrum
cristatum.
Hens, n. cocks and hens, poultry in
general. O.N. hcens, galli et gallinse,
Sw. hdns, poultry, Dan. hons, id.
Hen-scratchins, n. small cirrous white
clouds, said to indicate rain or wind.
Hen-silver, ) n. money given at a mar-
Hen-money, \ riage at the church-
door by the bridegroom, or sent to
poor neighbours.
Henting, n. the portions of subsoil
raised with the plough to cover seed
sown. See next word.
Henty, n. the opening between two
riggs of ploughed land ploughed up
to cover the seed.
Herd, n. one whose business it is to
take care of cattle: otherwise Hind.
Hereaways, adv. hereabout,
Herefter, Pr. of hereafter. Cf. O.Fris.
hirefter, Sw. harefter.
Heron-sew, n. a name of the heron.
Hesp, v.t. to pick off the ends of goose-
berries.
Hesp, v.t. to hasp or fasten the latch
of a door. A.S. hcepsian, O.N. "
a latchet.
41
HE
HO
Hesp, n. a hasp or fastening for a gate,
etc.
Hespert, n. a rough fellow.
Hesta ? Hast thou ?
Hett, p.p. of To heat.
Heugh, n. a rocky hill. Sounded strongly
guttural. See Cleugh.
Heuk (Pr. of hook), n. a crook, a bill-
hook.
Hewt, v.t. to hit the heels and ancles
together in walking.
Heyam, Pr. of home. " He's net o' at
hey am " = He is wanting in intellect.
Heyams, Pr. of hames ; two pieces of
wood attached to a horse's collar, and
having the trace-chains made fast to
them. Du. hamme, a collar or yoke.
Heyamstead, n. a homestead. A.S.
hamstede.
Heyar, Pr. of hare or hair.
Hezzle, v.t. to beat, to thrash soundly
with a hazel-stick.
Hezzle, Pr. of hazel.
Hezzling, ) n. a severe beating. " I'll
Hezzle-oil, \ give him some hezzle-oil."
Hide, v.t. to beat or flog. O.N. hi/ da,
to flog.
Hide-bund, adj. (1) of a cow or ox in
bad condition. (2) Stingy ; of a
person.
Hidlands, adv. secretly. [in a pet.
Hig, To take the, to take offence, to be
Hig, n. the main difficulty. Fr. hie.
"C'est Id le hie" = That's the rub.
Higgle, v.t. to work at anything slowly
and pertinaciously. O.N. hygla, to
handle or deal with gently or mildly.
Highty, n. a child's name for a horse.
Hill, v.t. to cover, to earth up. " To
hill up peys."
Hilling, n. a covering.
Hind, n. (1) a farm bailiff. A.S. hina, a
domestic, a servant. (2) One en-
trusted with the charge of cattle.
Hindberry, n. the wild raspberry.
Hinder-end, n. the last part of the
person, or of a thing.
Hinder- ends, n. refuse corn, such as
remains after it has been winnowed.
Hindersome, adj. retarding, hindering.
Hing, v.t. to hang. " To king the lip"
= To pout, to look sullen.
Hinger-on, n. a parasite.
Hingin, n. a hinge. "To be off the
hingins" = To be out of health.
Hinmost, Pr. of hindmost.
Hipe, ) v.t. to push with the head as
Hike, ) horned cattle do.
42
Hippins, n. infants' napkins.
Hippin-stans, n. large stepping-stones
in a brook for foot-passengers.
Hir, pers. pron. of them. Gen. pi. of he.
Hir at him, ) an expression used in
Hur at him, ) urging dogs to attack
each other, or any other creature.
Hirdum-durdum, n. an uproar.
Hire, n. a condiment or relish. "White
fish is poor stuff without hire."
Hirin(g), n. a statute fair, a fair for
hiring servants.
Hirple, v.i. to limp, to walk lame.
Hirst, n. a bank or sudden rising of
the ground, a ridge, an elevation.
Hisk, v.i. to gasp or draw breath with
difficulty. Pin. yska, tussis, yskin,
yskitdn, tussim moveo.
Hissel, pron. himself. "He's net hisseV
= He is out of his mind.
Hit, v.n. to succeed, turn out well ; as,
" The crop's gaan ta hit "=The crop
is going to be a good one.
Hit it, To, to agree.
Hit it with, To, to fall in with another's
disposition or temperament.
Hitch, v.i. to become entangled.
Hitch, n. (1) a kind of knot. (2) A halt
in the gait.
Hitch, v.i. to fidget.
Hitten, p.p. of To hit.
Hitty-missy, adv. at random.
Ho, Pr. of hall.
Hoaf, Pr. of half.
Hoafen, n. a half-witted person, a
fool.
Hoaf nowt (Pr. of half-nought, and
used as a n.), almost nothing.
Hoast, n. a cough.
Hob, ) n. the flat side of a fire-
Hob-end, ) grate, on which the tea-
kettle or the like may be set.
Hobbly, adj. rough, uneven.
Hobbying, n. riding a hobby.
Hocker, v.i. (1) to do work clumsily
and awkwardly. (2) To crouch over
the fire.
Hocker, n. one who sits at home.
Hod, Pr. of hold.
Hods her milk, The cow, the cow re-
fuses to give her milk.
Hod wi', To, to agree in opinion with
another.
Hod, n. hold, possession.
Hodden, p.p. of To hold.
Hoddin, n. a piece of leather connect-
ing the handstaff of a flail with the
soople.
HO
HO
Hodlad, n. the plant bedstraw or bind-
weed (Galium).
Hod-ta, Corr. of hold thou, desist.
Hoff, n. the hough of a horse, or a leg
of beef.
Hoffle, n. broth made of the houghs of
cattle.
Hog, n. a sheep a year old. N. Fr.
hogety, a young sheep.
Hog, n. a place for preserving potatoes
or turnips during the winter. W.
hwg, a nook or corner.
Hog, v.t. to put potatoes, turnips, etc.
into a hole or pit to preserve them.
Hoggarth, n. an inclosure to fold
lambs in.
Hoggers, n. upper stockings without
feet, like gaiters.
Hoggest, n. a shed for sheep and young
cattle.
Hogget, n. a sheep after it has passed
its first year.
Hog-hooal, n. a hole left for the passage
of sheep through a wall or fence from
inclosed pastures into the open or
common lands.
Hog-woo', n. wool from year-old sheep.
Hoice, v.t. to hoist.
Hoity-toity, (1) adj. haughty, flighty.
(2) inter}, (denoting surprise). O.N.
hutututu, interjectio cum ardore et
desiderio interrogantis. Est id. qu.
Angl. hoitytoity ! inter j. tarn mirantis,
quam adfirmantis et negantis ? Ex.
gr. "Hoity-toity, what's to do here ? "
i.e. quid, malum, turbse hie est ?
Hold, v.i. to take care, to beware.
Hole, v.i. to hide ; to go to earth, as a
fox. "He's holed" = He's gone into
the house.
Holl o' winter : the depth of winter.
Holl o' neet : the dead of the night.
Hollin, n. the holly. A.S. holegn, M.
hollyn.
Holm, n. (1) a small island, as Holme
Island, near Grange. (2) Low lying
flat land, low ground, sometimes or
originally environed with water ; as
Hornby Holms. O.N. holm, holmi,
insula, O.Fris. holm, Sw. holme, Dan.
holm.
Holt, n. a grove or forest. O.Fris. holt,
A.S. holt.
Holus-bolus, adv. all at once.
Homered, adj. shaded.
Homminy, n. a long uninteresting story,
a recitation, a proclamation : perhaps
Corr. of Homily.
Honed, adj. having the udder swollen
and hard, as a cow after calving.
Hoo, pron. he, she. A.S. heo, she, he.
Hood-end, n. the hob of a grate.
Hooders, } n. the uppermost
Hood-sheaves, > sheaves of a hat-
Hudds, ) tock or shock of
grain, which are so placed as to form
a kind of roof.
Hool, v.i. to shiver with cold.
Hoon, v.t. to ill-treat, to oppress.
Hoop, n. a measure, four hoops making
one peck. See Heap. W. hob, a
measure of various capacities.
Hoorse, Pr. of hoarse.
Hooved, adj. callous, hard.
Hooze, n. a difficult breathing or half
cough peculiar to cattle.
Hopper, n. a seed basket used in sow-
ing corn broadcast.
Hoppin', n. a country fair or wake, at
which dancing is a principal amuse-
ment.
Hopple, v.t. to tie the feet of an animal
to prevent it straying.
Hop-skip-and-loup ; a boys' game, in
which they try which can clear the
most ground by one of each of these
modes of progression.
Horl, v.i. to shiver. See Hool.
Horn, n. a drinking cup or glass. O.N.
horn, poculum.
Horny, n. a knorr made of horn, used
in playing at Spell and knorr.
Horple. See Hirple.
Horses together, They don't put up
their = They are not on friendly terms.
Horsegogs, n. wild plums.
Horse-knop, n the plant knapweed.
Horse-pennies, n. the plant yellow-
rattle, or penny-grass (Rhinanthus
Crista galli Linn.).
Horsin'-stan, n. a horseblock, or stone
steps, to assist people in mounting
their horses.
Host, n. a cough. "A kittling host"=
A tickling cough. Du. hdst, O.N.
hosti, SwC hosta, Dan. hoste.
Hot-foot-hot, adv. and adj. at or in
urgent speed.
Hot-pot, n. a dish of meat cut into
small pieces, and potatoes, cooked to-
gether in the oven.
Hotts, n. panniers to carry turf or
slate. Du. hotte, a pannier or basket,
Finn, hotti, receptaculum rebus mi-
noribus condendis, N.Fr. hotte, a scut-
tle or basket to carry on the back.
43
HO
IL
Hon, Pr. of hoe. N.Fr. houe.
Hou ! Inter j. a call-word used by drovers
in driving cattle, intended to quicken
their speed.
Houghle, n. the shank of beef.
Houm. See Holm.
Houm, Pr. of elm.
Houpy! houpy! a cry used to call
cows up to be milked.
House, v.t. to put corn and other pro-
duce into the barn.
House, n. (in a farm-house) the kitchen,
or ordinary sitting-room.
Housen, n. buildings, houses.
Hout, Pr. of holt ; coppice or nut-wood.
Hove, pret, of To heave.
Hoven, adj. swelled, distended.
How, n. a hill, a gentle eminence near
a vale. O.N. haugr, a hill heaped up,
A.S. hou, a mountain.
Ho -way : Come away : a word much
used by cattle drivers.
Howiver, Pr. of however.
How- seeds, n. husks of oats.
Howsomdever, ) ever.
Hubbleshows, n. confusion, tumult.
Huddle, v.t. (1) to embrace, to squeeze,
to hug, to cuddle. (2) To crowd
together. Germ, hudeln.
Huddlin(g), n. an embracing, a cuddling.
Huer, n. hail (very rare).
Huff, v.t. (1) to offend. " She's easily
huffed." (2) To scold, to treat scorn-
folly.
Huff, n. offence, displeasure. W. wfft, a
scorn, a slight, wfftio, to push away
with disapprobation, to cry shame.
Huff, To take the, to take offence.
Hug, (1) v.t. to carry anything that is
heavy and awkward. (2) v.i. To run
close side by side.
Huggan, n. the hipbone of a horse or
cow.
Hug-me-close, n. a name for a fowl's
merry -thought.
Huke, Pr. of hook.
Huke-nebbed, adj. having a crooked
nose or bill like a hawk.
Hull, n. a shed or house for calves or
swine ; as, "A ipig-hull," "A cd^-hulV
A.S. hule, a cabin, Dan. hyle, a cave
or den.
Hullet, ) n. an owl ; also a mischievous
Hullot, ) child. Fr. hulotte, an owlet,
W. hullad.
Hully-hoo, n. an owl.
Hum, v.t. to throw anything, as a stone.
44
Hummel, ) n. the humble-bee. Sw.
Hummle-bee, ] humla, to buzz, Dan.
humlebi.
Hummen, v.i. to make a low rumbling
noise.
Hummock, n. a mound of earth.
Humoursome, adj. capricious.
Hump, v.t. to insinuate.
Hund, Pr. of hound.
Hung'r, v.i. to be famished.
Hungry, adj. very mean.
Hunkered, adj. elbowed, crooked.
Hunniel, n. a covetous person.
Hunnish, v.t. to starve a person for
want of food.
Hurkle, v.i. (1) to shudder. (2) To
shrug up the back, as cattle in tem-
pestuous weather.
Hurtle ; the same as Hurkle.
Hurst, n. a wood.
Hush, v.t. to loosen earthy particles
from minerals by running water.
Huskin, n. a clownish fellow.
Hussock, n. a large coarse woman. See
Fussock.
Hustle, v.t. to scatter abroad, as apples
amongst boys to be scrambled for.
Hut ! hut-away ! an expression of
disbelief, or disapprobation. Pshaw !
Hutch, n. a hoard, or store of anything.
The field-mouse makes a hutch or
store of nuts for winter use.
Hutch, v.i. to shrug the shoulders un-
easily.
Huz, Corr. of us.
Huzzif, Pr. of housewife, a needle-case.
Huzzin, n. a husk.
Huzzle, Pr. of hustle.
Hyan, n. a fatal disease amongst cattle.
I (sometimes as e), prep, on, in. O.N.
% in, at rest, in contradistinction to
in motion towards a place ; as, i
sandi, in sand ; Sw. i, Dan. i.
Ice-bone, n. the aitch bone of beef.
Du. is or isch-ben, the haunch bone,
Dan. iis-been, share bone.
Iceshockles, n. icicles. Du. ysgekels.
I-coaf, Pr. of in calf. Cf. Sw. i-Jcalf.
Iftle, Pr. of if thou wilt.
I'-Goddle, ) Pr. of If God will, or be
I'-Godlin, \ willing.
Ill an, a bad or ill one.
Hl-favvert, adj. ill-looking.
Illify, v.t. to defame.
IL
JE
Ill-set, To be, to be hard put to it ; as,
" I's ill-set to mek a living."
Ill-thing, He Inks like an, he looks
badly.
Ill-willed, adj. malevolent.
Ime, n. rime, hoarfrost.
Immy, Contr. of in my.
I-morning : in the morning, to-morrow.
O.N. i-morgin, hoc presenti mane,
Sw. i-morgen, to-morrow.
Imp, v.t. to add to the capacity of a bee-
hive, by inserting a ring of the same
material and diameter beneath it.
In-bank, n. inclining ground.
In with a person, To be, to be on good
terms with him.
Indermer, ) adj. more or further with-
Innermer, j in.
Ing, n. a marshy meadow. M.G., A.S.,
and Dan. ing, O.N. eng, pratum, ager
non stercoratus.
Ing, a termination of the names of
certain places. S.G. ing, terminatio,
quam habent nomina propria locorum.
In-ga, v.i. to go in.
Ingate, n. ingress.
Ingle, n. a fire.
In-going, n. an entrance. [tenant."
In-going, adj. entering ; as, "In-going
Inkle, n. narrow tape of peculiar fabric.
Inklin', n. (1) a wish or desire. (2) A
suspicion or glimmering of a thing ;
a hint or insight into it.
Inkspew, n. the cuttle-fish.
Insense, v.t. to instruct, give some
notion of a thing to a person. " To
insense him inta it " = To get him to
understand it.
Insensing, n. instruction.
Instep, He's rather heigh in his, he
is rather proud, haughty.
Intack, n. an enclosure ; part of a
common enclosed and planted or
sown, while the other part lies wild
and unimproved. O.N. intaka, a tak-
ing in, S.G. intaka; that which any-
one fenced off from any common
land, and made his own, he was said
to intak, or take in, Sw. intaga, to
take possession of.
Intermell, ^.intermeddle.
Intiv, ) . ,
Intui;J^mt0-
w.«+.w f into thee.
Intuth'; ,
I-plat, on the ground ; as, " T ' peats
is i-plat yet " = Spread out on the
ground.
I-two, in two. " To fall i-two "=To be
brought to bed.
I's : I am.
I s' : I shall.
Ista ? Corr. of Art thou ?
Ist'er ? Corr. of Is there 1
It, Pr. of eat. " They wod net it it "=
They would not eat it.
Ivin, n. ivy.
Ivven, Pr. of even.
Ivvnin, Pr. of evening.
Ivvry, Pr. of every.
Ivvry-like, adv. every now and then.
Izzard, Izzet, ) » ,, , ,, -,7
Izzed ' a name *or ™e letter Z.
Jack-at-a-pinch; a term for a person
always ready to act at any call, how-
ever sudden or unexpected.
Jack-a-lang-legs, n. the summer fly,
also called Daddy-long-legs.
Jackalegs, n. a large clasp knife. From
Jacques de Liege, the name of a famous
Flemish cutler. (Dr. Jamieson.)
Jackdaa, Pr. of jackdaw.
Jacky, n. a child's night dress. S.G.
and Sw. jacka, a gown, Fr. jaquette,
a child's coat,
Jaggin(g), n. a small load of hay.
Jail, v.t. to crack or spill.
Jaist, v.t. to agist cattle.
Jamb (Pr. jawm), n. the upright side
of a window, door, chimney, etc.
Jannock, n. bread made of rye and
oatmeal.
Jannock, adj. (1) upright, honourable,
fair. (2) Fit, proper, good. [O.N.
jafn, O.Sw. jamn, even, jcemka, to
make even, Sw. D. janka, jank, id.
Jannock is thus the Northumb. form
of E. even, A.S. efen. Ed.]
Jar, v.t. to squabble. " They did nout
but jar."
Jarble, v.t. to wet, to bemire.
Jaup, v.t. to splash over in or from a
pail or like vessel.
Javver (Pr. of jabber), idle talk.
Jealous, adj. fearful, suspicious, alarmed.
Jemmy-lang-neck, ) n. a name for the
Jemmy-lang-legs,
heron.
Jerdle, v.i. to dance.
Jerry-built, adj. slightly, or unsub-
stantially built.
Jert, v.t. (1) to throw a stone under
hand. (2) To start. [This word is
simply another form of Jerk, and is
45
JE
KE
interesting as illustrating the not in-
frequent substitution in the northern
dialects of t for k. Ed.].
Jew's -trump, n. a Jew's-harp.
Jige, v.i. to creak.
Jiggetin', n. jolting, shaking.
Jike, v.i. to creak.
Jim, adj. neat, spruce, smart.
Jimp, v.t. to indent or scallop ; as
muslin borders, etc.
Jimp, adj. neat in attire, spruce, elegant.
Welsh, gwymp, fair, comely, neat.
Jink, v.i. to jingle.
Jinny-hummer, ) ., cockchafer
Jinny-spinner, \ ,l' me C0Cj£Ciiater-
Jizle, v.i. to move about in a twisting
manner. See Gizle.
Job, v.i. to fish for eels with a bunch
of worms threaded upon worsted, in
which material the teeth of the eels
become entangled, and so their cap-
ture is effected.
Jobby ; familiar for Joseph.
Job-nuts, n. cob-nuts.
Joe, n. (1) a master. " To be,;'oe" = To
be master. (2) A jest.
Joggle, v.t. to shake.
Joggly, adj. rough, uneven ; applied to
roads, or to a conveyance, etc. " Its
nobbut & joggly road."
Jooany-crooan; a name for the heron.
A.S. cran, a crane.
Jope, v.t. to spot with dirt. Comp.
Jaup.
Jor, v.t. to jostle or push. W. gyru, to
thrust, to press.
Joseph, n. a riding habit.
Joup, v.i. to jump.
Jow, v.t. to push or jam with violence.
Jowl, n. (1) the jaw. (2) The head and
shoulder of a salmon.
Jowler, n. a thick-jawed hound.
Jummlement, n. confusion.
Jump, n. a child's dress.
Jumper, n. a miner's boring-tooL
Junk, n. a lump, a piece.
Juntish, adj. surly.
Jumut, Pr. of earth nut.
Jyste, Pr. of joist.
Kaaikin', adj. looking about stupidly.
Kaffle, (1) v.t. to perplex or entangle a
person in conversation. Probably a
Corr. of E. cavil. (2) v.i. To become
entangled ; of a skein of thread,
twine, etc.
46
Kail, n. (1) greens, cabbage. (2) Broth
or pottage. Isl. kal, Dan. kaal, W.
cawl, cabbage.
Kail-pot, n. a large metal pot for
cooking meat and cabbage together,
etc.
Kait. See Kead.
Kamed, adj. cross, ill-tempered, awry.
Kave, v.i. to give an awkward, waver-
ing motion to the body.
Kead, n. a sheep's louse.
Keal (Pr. of kail), n. broth. Isl. kaal,
olus.
Keb, v.t. to fish in the sea from a boat,
for flukes, etc., with a line depending,
from which project two cross-sticks,
each with its own hook and snooding
suspended.
Keck, v.t. (1) to turn up a cart. (2) To
refuse with disdain.
Keck, n. a jolt.
Keckle, v.i. to laugh violently.
Keckle, v.i. to cackle.
Ketlock' ( n' cnarl°ck> wild mustard.
Kedge, n. a mischievous child.
Keek, v.i. to peep, to look slily.
Keen, n. caustic.
Keen, v.t. to burn with caustic.
Keen, adj. sharp, earnest, resolute.
Keened : the hands are said to be
keened with the frost, when the skin
is broken or cracked, and a sore pro-
duced.
Keens, n. cracks in the hands ; applied
to the chinks in chapped hands. See
Kinns.
Keep, n. a reservoir for fish by the side
of a river.
Keeps and Creaks, hooks and eyes.
Keigh (pron. like weigh), n. a key.
Keisty, adj. dainty, squeamish.
Keld, n. a spring or well ; as, " Keld
Gill Head, Coniston fells. A.S. keld,
Germ, quelle, a spring or well, O.N.
kelda, fons, Dan. kilde.
Kelk, n. a kick, a blow.
Kelk, v.t. to beat severely.
Kelp, n. sea- weed burnt to make cinder
or potash for potters.
Kelter, n. condition, order. "He was
i heigh kelter" = ~H.e was in high con-
dition. (2) Money, cash.
Kemps, n. coarse hair among wool,
coarse fibres.
Ken, v.t. to know, to be acquainted
with. O.Fris. and O.N. henna, Du.
kennen, S.G. kcenna.
KE
KI
Kenner, n. (1) one who knows. (2) A
knowing person. O.N. kennir, qui
novit, cognoscit, rei peritus, versatus
in aliqua re.
Kennin(g), n. (1) an inkling. (2) The
distance a person can see. (3) Re-
cognition.
Kenspack, ) ac£/.easilyknown,orknown
Kenspeck, \ by something peculiar.
S.G. kennespack, qui alios facile
agnoscit.
Kent, p.p. of To ken.
Kep, v.t. to catch anything falling (as
a ball). A.S. cepan, to catch, to catch
at, Gael, ceap, to catch, stop.
Kep-bo, n. (1) a catch-ball. (2) The
game of handball.
Kept, p.p. (1) caught. (2) Guarded.
Kern, n. a churn.
Kernel, n. a knob of flesh. A.S. cyrnel,
an indurated gland.
Kerse, Pr. of cress. " W&ter-kerse"
watercress.
Kersen, Pr. of Christen.
Kesh, n. white-weed (a kind of hem-
lock). Prov. " Hollow as a kesh"
Keshy, adj. having a hollow stem. W.
cecysaidd, tubular, like hemlock.
Keslip, ) a calf's stomach salted, being
Keslop, ) the substance used for curd-
ling milk for cheese. It is commonly
called rennet, or runnet. Du. kaes-
lubbe, cheese rennet, Germ, kaslab,
A.S. ceselib, milk curdled, curdling,
S.G. lf>pe, coagulum. See Loppered.
Kessen, p.p. of To cast. (1) Said of
sheep, which often, when heavy in
the wool, get cast on their backs in
the furrows of a field, where, from
the breadth of their backs and the
upward slope of the ridge on each
side, they are unable to move with-
out human aid, and without which
they perish. (2) Cast off; as, "kes-
sen clyathes "= Cast-off clothes. (3)
Warped, not straight ; as, "Kessen
planks "= Planks that have become
warped.
Kessen-up, Ha' a ? Has he turned up,
made his appearance, or been found.
Kest, v.t. (1) to cast. (2) To enumerate.
Kest, n. a twist or contortion. M. kest,
a turn or cast.
Kester, Pr. of Christopher.
Ket, n. carrion. O.N. ket or kot, caro,
Dan. kiod, flesh, meat, S.G. kott*
Ket-craa, n. the carrion crow.
Ketlock, n. charlock.
Ketment, n. filth, rubbish.
Kevel, v.i. (1) to sprawl or gambol. (2)
To climb clumsily.
Kewin, n. a periwinkle. [This is the
cuvvin of the Whitby neighbourhood,
and of the coast of Durham. O.N.
kiifungr, kufungr, N. kuvung, kuungje,
the sea-snail or periwinkle. Ed.]
Keyak, Pr. of cake.
Kibble, n. a strong thick stick. S.G.
kajie, baculus, cippus.
Kibble, v.t. to chip stones roughly.
Kibty-cobty, adj. loitering, dawdling.
"Don't stand kibty-cobty theyar wi'
the mouth o' fleetins ;" loiteringly,
vacantly, dawdling.
Kick, v.i. to take offence.
Kick, n. fashion, mode ; as, " Aw i' th'
kick "= All in the fashion.
Kickish, adj. irritable.
Kickle, adj. uncertain, fickle, unsteady,
tottering.
Kid, n. a fagot.
Kid, v.t. to bind up fagots.
Kiddy, n. a small wooden block used
in the game of bandy-cat. M. kit, a
piece of wood made small at both
ends, to play with.
Kilps, n. (1) crooked places, knots. "It
hey a deeal of kilps in it"=It has a
great many crooks or crooked places
places. (2) Pot-hooks.
Kin, n, a chap, a chilblain.
Kin'-cough, n. the whooping cough. A.S.
cincung, great laughter (from the in-
voluntary convulsions it occasions,
like laughter).
Kind, adj. intimate, friendly.
Kindle (pr. kinn'l), v.i. to bring forth
young, of a rabbit.
Kindly, adv. (1) naturally. (2) Heartily,
well. [An interesting word from its
retention, in the meaning which
stands first, of its original signifi-
cation. Ed.]
King's-cushion, n. a sort of seat made
by two boys crossing their hands, for
a third, or for a child, to sit and be
carried on.
Kink, n. (1) a twist. (2) A violent,
convulsive fit of laughter or coughing.
Du. kink, a twist, M. kink, a twist in
thread or rope.
Kink, v.i. to be affected with a con-
vulsive stoppage of breath, through
immoderate laughing or crying ; to
47
KI
LA
labour for breath as in the whooping
cough. A.S. cincung, great laughter,
Teut. kincken, difficulter spirare, Sw.
kikna, to pant, to gasp.
Kink-hoost, n. the chincough. Sw.
kikhosta, chincough. See Kin' -cough.
Kinns, n. chinks or crevices in rocks,
cracks in the skin of the human
body. A.S. cine, a chink, cleft, nick.
Kipe, v.i. to insinuate to the disad-
vantage of anyone.
Kipper, adj. lively, nimble, light-footed.
Fin. kippaan, to hop or leap about
sportively.
Kipper : a term applied to salmon
after spawning.
Kirk-garth, n. the church-yard. Sw.
kyrka-gdrd, church-yard.
Kirtle, v.i. to flaunt, to give oneself airs.
Kissing-bunch, n. a holly or lauresti-
nus bush hung up at Christmas,
under which young people kiss each
other.
Kist, n. a chest. A.S. cist, 0. and N.Fris.
Jciste, O.N., S.G., and Sw. kista, W.
Jcisti, Gael, ciste, M. khistey, Du. kist,
Dan. kiste, Fin. kistu.
Kit, n. (1) a covered milking-pail. (2)
A barrel. (3) A brood, a family.
Kitchen, n. a tea-urn,
Kite, n. the belly.
Kith, n. acquaintance. Kith and kin,
relations and friends. A.S. tilling,
a relation.
Kitle, n. a smock-frock, kirtle, or tunic.
W. ceitlen, a smock-frock.
Kitling, n, a kitten.
Kittle, adj. (1) ticklish, difficult. (2)
Off one's balance, or easily put out
of equilibrium. "As kittle as a mouse-
trap."
Kittle, (1) v.t. to tickle. (2) v.i. To itch.
Kittle, v.i. to kitten, of cats.
Kittling, n. a tickling.
Kittlish, adj. ticklish, rather difficult
or delicate. Sw. kittlig, ticklish.
Kitty-wren, n. the wren.
Kizzened, adj. parched, withered.
Klick-heaks, n. large hooks for catch-
ing salmon by day-light. .
Knaan, p.p. of To know.
Knaanet, Pr. of know not.
Knack, v.t. to talk affectedly and min-
cingly. " Spooads, said Spoddy, when
he iernt to knack."
Knacker, n. a tanner.
Knaggy, adj. (1) ill-tempered. (2)
Knotty. Sw. knagg.
48
Knaiyav (Pr. of knave), n. a lad, a
servant.
Knap, v.t. (1) to strike. (2) To crop
with the teeth, to bite off. Gael.
knap, strike, beat, Isl. kneppa, to bite.
Knap, n. a blow. Gael, knap, a little
blow.
Knep, v.t. to nip or crop off small
pieces of anything, as the young
shoots of hedges, by the teeth of
cattle, or the top shoot of a plant to
prevent its farther growth.
Knit, (1) v.i. to unite. Bees are said
to knit when they hang in a cluster
together after swarming. (2) v.t. To
tie a knot ; as, "Knit a knot." O.N.
hnyta, nodare, Dan. knytte, to tie in
a knot.
K^0C^.^r" > kneed, adj. knock-kneed.
Knockle, n. a knuckle.
Knockled-cow, n. a cow that has newly
calved.
Knodden, p.p. of To knead.
|™P' j*i. a large tub.
Knorr, n. (1) a small ball made of heavy
wood. See Spell and Knorr. (2) A
Knot, n. a rocky-summit.
Know, Pr. of knoll, a bare rounded
hillock, an eminence.
Kregglety, adj. not firm, unstable.
Kringlety-kranglety, adv. in a mean-
dering, serpentine, or crooked manner
or form.
Kroth, n. a frame to lay sheep on for
salving, etc.
Kye, n. pi. cows, kine.
Kyloes, n. small Highland cattle.
Laa, Pr. of low.
Laain (Pr. of lawing), n. going to law.
Labour, v.t. to cultivate the earth.
Laboursome, adj. laborious.
Lace, v.t. to beat or thrash.
Lache, n. a gutter washed by the tide
on the sea shore.
Lad, n. (1) a lover, a sweetheart. (2)
A boy-servant ; a low, common youth.
Lade, v.t. to take water by hand out of
a pond, etc. " To lade out watter "=
To bale it out,
Lad-licked, adj. licked or beaten by a
youth or lad.
Lad's-love, n. the plant Southern-wood.
LA
LA
Lady-bird, ) n. the small red beetle
Lady-clock, ] (Coccinella 7-punctata).
Lady's-Smock, n. the plant Cuckoo-
flower.
Lafter, n. the number of eggs laid by
a hen before she begins to wish to sit.
Lag, adj. slow, last.
Lag, n. the narrow board or stave of a
barrel or tub.
Lag, or Lag last, is said by boys when
playing at pitch and toss, or other
games, in order that they may be-
speak the last pitch.
Laggins, n. the part of the wooden
frame work upon which the stones
are laid when building an arch. S.GL
lagg, Du. lag en, a form or mould to
make bricks in.
Laidin, n. burthen.
Laik, ) v.i. to play. A.S. Icecan, lacan,
Lake, ] to play, O.N. leika, Dan. lege,
Sw. leJca.
Laird, n. a farmer's eldest son, a pro-
prietor of land.
Lairly, adj. disagreeable, idle, base.
Lait, v.t. to search, to seek for. O.N. leita,
quaerere, Dan. lede, Sw. leta.
Laited, p.p. searched for, found .
Laiyam (Pr. of Lam), v.t. to beat
soundly.
Lake, n. a play, a game. A.S. lac, play,
sport, O.N. leikr, Dan. leg, Sw. lek.
Lake, v.i, to be costive, said of cattle.
Laker, n. one who plays. O.N. leihari,
Fin. leihari, joculator.
Laking, n. a toy.
Lall, v.i. to shoot out the tongue.
Lallop, v. t. to beat, to thrash soundly.
Lallops, n. a slattern.
Lam, v.t. to beat soundly.
Lamb's-wool-sky : a sky characterised
by a collection of white orbicular
masses of cloud.
Lampers, n. excrescences of flesh above
the teeth in horses.
Lang o', O, all owing to ; as, "It's
o' lang o' him it was done "=It is all
entirely through him it was done.
A.S.gelang, in consequence, owing to.
Lang, v.i. to long. AS. langian, Dan.
langes.
Lang, adj. tall.
Lang-hundred, n. the hundred of six
score.
Lang-marks, n. indelible congenital
marks on the skins of children.
Lang-last, adv. at length, in the end.
"At lang-last" = A.t the last end.
E
Langled, p.p. having the legs tied to-
gether by means of a ligature, which
leaves some liberty of motion.
Lang-length, adv. at full length. " He
fell down o' his lang-length."
Langles, n. straps or chains to bind
horses' feet with.
Lang-ley an : a name for the throat.
Langmouth, n. a spade long and narrow,
with which drains are cut in soft land.
Lang- sen, adv. long since, a long time
ago.
Lang-settle, n. a homely sofa.
Lang-streak'd, adj. laid down at full
length.
Langsome, adj. tedious. A.S. langsum,
durable, lasting.
Lang-tung, u. a babbler, a gossip. Du.
lang-tong, a babbler, teller of tales.
Lang way, A (used adverbially), much.
" It's a lang-way better."
Lang- ways, adv. lengthways,
Lankister-loup, n. the game of leapfrog.
Lant, v.t. (1) to loo at cards. (2) To
over-reach, to beggar.
Lant, n. the game of loo.
Lant, n. old or stale urine.
Lantern-leet, n. the horn or glass at
the sides of a lanthorn.
Lanters, n. players at the game of loo.
Lap, v.t. to wrap up, to cover. M.
lhap, to fold up, to double.
Lap up, v.i. to give up, to leave off.
Lap, n. the skirt or lappet.
Lap, n. a large bundle or truss of straw.
"A lap o' streea." Fin. lappo, fceni
congeries.
Lapped, adj. folded, wrapped.
Lark, n. a wild fellow.
Lark-heeled, adj. long-heeled.
Larn (Pr. of learn), v.t. to teach.
Lash, v.t. (1) to kick out. (2) To comb
the hair. (3) To beat severely.
Lash- comb, n, a wide-toothed comb.
Lashin', adj. large, big. " He's a lashivJ
fellow.
Lask. See Lisk.
Lastenest, adj. most lasting.
Lasty, adj. lasting.
Late, See Lait.
Lathe, n. a barn. Dan. lade, Sw. lada.
Latly, Pr. of lately.
Latt, v.t. to lath, to nail laths to spars
or joists, as for the purpose of
plastering.
Latt-river, n. a person who makes laths.
Lauk, v.t. to strike, to beat.
Lauk. See Louk.
49
LA
LE
Lauker, n. a weeding iron.
Laukin', n. weeding with a kind of
tongs.
Lay ; to lay down, to sow down ploughed
land with grass. To lay to one's
hand, to help.
Lay, v.t. to deliver a woman. To lay
an edged-tool, to re-steel its edge.
Lay, n. (1) a wager. (2) Any grass
land. (3) Poor-rate.
Lay, v.t. to allay, assuage, soothe. Dan.
loie, to lull.
Laylack, Pr. of lilac.
Lea, ) n. a scythe. O.N. le, Dan.
Leagh, ] lee, Sw. lie, N.Fris. lee.
Lead (Pr. of lead), n. a vat for dye-
ing.
Lead, v.t. to cart, convey by carting.
Sw. leda, to convey.
Leader, n. a tendon.
Lead-nails, n. nails used by plumbers
in covering the roof of a house with
lead.
Leaf, n. fat round the kidneys of a
slaughtered animal.
Lea-stone, n. a scythe-sharpener.
Leak, Pr. of look.
Leaksta ! look you !
Lean, Pr. of lean.
Lean, v. t. to connive at, to hide a fault.
[O.N. leyna, to conceal, O.Sw. and
Sw. D. Una, N. loyna, Dan. lonne.
Ed.]
Learn, v.t. to teach.
Learning, n. correction, discipline.
Lea-sand, n. the sand which is put on
the strickle, with which the scythe
is sharpened.
Leasow, n. a pasture ground. A.S.
loesuio, a pasture or common.
Leastways, adv. at least.
Leath, Pr. of loath.
Leathe, n. part of a skein of wool.
Leather, v.i. to travel at a great speed;
said of horses. " They dud leather
it;" "They com leatherin on" =
They came galloping on.
Leav, Pr. of lief.
Leav-hod : let me (or anything else)
go, leave off holding.
JH™' I Corr. of eleven.
Levven, )
Leek, n. a leak. Du. leek, O.N. leki,
stillatio, Dan. leek, a leak, Sw. lack.
Leek, v.i. to leak.
Leek on, v.t. to pour on, to add water
to the mash in brewing.
Leek off, v.t. to drain or draw off; also
50
a brewing term. A.S. leccan, to
wet, moisten, Dut. lecken, to leak or
drop.
Leekfng, n. a leaking.
Leddher-head, n. a blockhead.
Lee, Pr. of lie.
Lee, n. (1) humour discharged from a
wound or sore. (2) Urine, (3) Lye
of ashes.
Leevetail \ adv' mnch in demand
Leeght (Pr. of light), v.i. to happen, to
fall out ; as, "Leet what may I'll
duit."
Leeght (Corr. of alight), v.i. to fall,
settle, come to the ground ; as, " I
leet o' my heead."
Leeght on, v.i. to fall in or meet with,
to succeed.
Lee-lang, adv. live-long.
Leemers, ) n. ripe nuts, such as slip
Leemins, ) readily from the husk.
Leeny, adj. alert, active.
Leet. See Let.
Leet ; a form of Lite.
Leet, v.t. to pretend, feign.
Leetnin' (Pr. of Ughtning), n. the break
of day.
Leet-sMrts, n. a woman of disreputable
conduct.
Leetsome, adj. light, pleasant-looking,
cheerful.
Lee with a lid on : a term for a no-
torious lie.
Leh, Corr. of let. "Leh me aleyan."
Leister, n. an eel spear, a spear for
catching fish. For round fish, as
mort, sprods, salmon, flooks, etc., it
is simply a barbed trident, upon the
points or barbs of which they are
impaled : for eels, a flat-headed
trident with the three prongs near
together and serrated, between which
they are caught and held by the
teeth of the instrument. O.N. lidsta,
ferire.
Lele, adj. loyal, faithful, true.
Len, v.t. to lend. O.Fris. lena, Du.
leenen, A.S. lainan.
Length, n. stature. " He's a girt length "
= He is very tall.
Lent-grain, n. the spring crops.
Lesk. See Lisk.
Let See Let lite, Let on, Let wite,
etc.
Let drive, v.i. to attack with violence.
Let lite, v.t. to inform, disclose, make
known. See Lite.
LE
LI
Let on, v.t. to admit knowledge or ac-
quaintance with a fact or circum-
stance, to disclose, make known.
Let wite, v.t. to cause to know, to in-
form, to communicate knowledge to
(a person, of a thing).
Let, n. impediment, hindrance.
Leugh, pret. of To laugh.
Leuk, Pr. of look.
Lewis, n. an iron dovetail inserted into
holes bored into large stones, by
which to lift them into their places
in building.
Lew, adj. mild, calm.
Lew-warm, adj. luke-warm. Teut.
lauwen, tepefacere.
Leyace (Pr. of lace), v.t. to beat or
thrash.
Leyad, Pr. of load.
Leyaf, Pr. of loaf.
Leyam, Pr. of lame.
Leyan, Corr. of alone. " Leh ma ley an"
= Let me alone.
Leyan, n. a loan.
Leyap, pret. of leap. See Loup.
Leyazy-lump (Pr. of lazy-lump ), n. a
sluggard.
Ley-land, n. land unbroken by the
plough.
Lickin', n. a beating.
Lids, n. manner, fashion, way, kind.
"Don't du a that lids" = Don't do
in that manner, etc.
Lief, ) adv. soon, willing. A.S. leof.
Lieve, ) " I'd as lief die "= I had as
soon die.
Lift, v.t. (I) to draw or cut for the deal.
(2) To steal.
Lig, v.i. to lie down, to lie. A.S. licgan
or liggan, 0. Fris. liga, Du. liggen,
O.N. liggja, Dan. ligge, S.G. and Sw.
ligga.
Lig, v. t. to lay a thing down, to put or
place a thing. O.N. leggja, Sw. lagga,
Dan. Icegge, to lay, place, put.
Lig down, To, (of land). To sow arable
land in due course with grass seeds
for permanent pasture.
Lig intul, To. To eat or work vigor-
ously, to attack with energy.
Lig on, v. t. to lay on. Cattle are said
to "lig it on," when they thrive well
and fatten fast. "Lig on him"=
Beat him soundly or perseveringly,
Lig-a-bed, n. a lazy person.
Lig-a-lame, v. t. to maim.
Ligger, n. (1) one who lies in bed a
long time or rests a long time ; as,
"A lang ligger." (2) A branch of
thorn or other tree cut half through
and laid along the top of a plashed
hedge.
Like, adj. and adv. likely, probably ;
as, "Like to have been killed ;" "Fs
like to du it"=I am certain to do
it ; " almost, I am under necessity to
do it.
Like, Better nor. Better than was
expected.
Like. Used as a qualifying suffix ;
as, " He is a good sort of a man like ; "
"He was onnish-^e in drink "=
Somewhat the worse for liquor.
Likely, adj. (1) resembling. (2) Suit-
able, promising, good-looking.
Likened. " I had likened to be drowned "
= 1 was in danger of, or near, being
drowned.
Likliest, Pr. of likeliest.
Li kl in ess, n. likelihood, appearance.
" Theyar's neya likliness o' rain to
day."
Likly, Pr. of likely.
Lile, adj. little. Dan. lille, Sw. lilla.
Lile-house, n. a privy. Dan. lillehuus.
Lile- worth, adj. of little worth.
Lill, v.t. to assuage pain.
Lillilow, n. a blaze in a fire. O.N.
logi, flamma.
Lilt, v.t. (1) to jerk or spring. (2) To
lift up on one side suddenly.
Lilt, n. a jerk or spring.
Limber, adj. supple, flexible.
Lime-ass, n. the refuse of lime-kilns,
i.e. cinders and powdered lime.
Limmers, n. pi. a pair of shafts for a
cart or carriage. O.N. limar, pi. of
limi, ramus arboris.
Limp. adj. flaccid, limber, supple. W.
llimp, smooth, sleek, soft.
Lin, n. a pool.
Lin, n. linen. O.N. lin, W. llin, flax,
A.S. lin, flax, linen, Sw. linna.
Lined, adj. intoxicated.
Ling, n. heather (the plant). O.N. ling,
lyng, erica, Dan. lyng, heather, heath,
S.G. and Sw. ljung.
Ling-besom, n. a broom made of Ling.
Linge, v.t. (1) to beat, to thrash, to
excel. (2) To take in, to impose
upon.
Links, n. black puddings.
Lin-pin, n. a linch-pin.
Lintel, n. the stone which lies across a
door or window. Fr. linteau.
Lin-tree, n. a lime-tree.
51
LI
LU
Lin-webster, n. a linen weaver.
Lippen, v.t. to expect, to rely, to trust to.
Liring, n. meal and water beat smooth
to put into broth.
Lirt, v.t. to walk or move in a quick or
lively manner, or with an air of pert-
ness.
Lirty-gig, n. a wanton, giggling lass.
Lirty-kick, v.i. to gambol, to frisk.
Lish, adj. active, strong, nimble.
Lisk, n. the flank : other forms being
Lesk, Lask.
List, v.t. to incline a cask or vessel on
one side.
Listing, n. the list or border of woollen
cloth.
Lite, v.t. (1) to expect or depend on, to
rely upon. (2) To meet with, to fall
in with.
Lithe, adj. (1) smooth, supple. (2) Ob-
sequious, humble. A.S. IvSe.
Lithe, v.t. to thicken broth or soup
with oatmeal. W. UUh, meal soaked
in water, Gael, lite, porridge.
Lithesome, adj. gay, cheerful.
Lithin', n. a thickening for broth, made
of oatmeal.
Little-a-dow, adj. worthless.
Littlest, adj. least.
Liven, v.t. to enliven.
Liver, v.t. to deliver. Du. levern, to
deliver, Dan . lever e, Sw. lefverera, Fr.
livrer.
Liverance, n. delivery.
Loane, n. the first offer.
Lob, n. a clown, a clumsy fellow. W.
Hob, a dull fellow, a blockhead.
Lobscouse, n. a dish, consisting of meat
cut in small pieces and cooked in a
pan with potatoes.
Lock, n. a small quantity of hay, wool,
etc. O.N. lockr, a lock or tuft of hair.
Locker, adj. (1) loose, spongy. (2) Ex-
pensive, extravagant.
Lockered, adj. entangled ; said of the
hair when matted.
Lockspit, n. a small cut with a spade.
Loggerhead, n. a blockhead.
Lointer, v.i. to lag, to loiter.
Lointerpins. "To mek lointerpins" =
To idle away time.
Loll, v.i. to loiter, to saunter, to lounge.
O . N. lolla, segniter agere.
Lollop, v.i. to walk in a lazy, waddling
manner, to move heavily.
Lollops, n. an idle, lounging female.
LumSakS', j adJ' heav^' awkward-
52
Lomper, v.i. to walk heavily; applied
to the action of a horse.
Lone, adj. A lone man, a man living by
himself ; a lone woman, a woman un-
married, or without a male protector.
Lonesome, adj. lonely.
Lonnin', ) n. a lane. O.Fris. and N.Fris.
Looaz. Pr. of lose.
Loop, n. part of the hinge of a door.
Lopper, v.i. to curdle, to coagulate.
Loppered, adj. curdled. Isl. hlaup,
curdled milk, S.G. Ibpe.
Lopper-ear'd, adj. having long, flabby
ears.
Lops an' tops : the small branches and
tops of trees.
Lorry, n. a brawl.
Lot, v.t. to allot.
Lother, v.i. to splash in water.
Louk, n. (1) a blow, a thump. (2)
Coarse grass on the moors.
Louk, v.t. to weed.
Loukers, n. weeders.
Lound, adj. calm, out of the wind. O.N.
logn, a dead calm, Dan. luun, shelter-
ed, warm, Sw. lugn, calm, quiet,
serene, W. llonydd, still, calm.
Loup, v. i. to leap. O.N. hlaupa, currere,
Sw. lopa.
Loup, n. a leap or spring.
Loup, Pr. of loop.
Loupin-pow, Pr. of leaping-pole.
Louse, adj. (1) loose. O.N. laus, solu-
tus. (2) Impure, disorderly.
Lowse, f out on t' common " = To let
cattle go upon the common.
Louse-end, To be at a. To be in an
unsettled, dissipated state.
Lousely, adv. loosely, lightly.
Lous-itn'-heft, n. a disorderly person,
a spendthrift.
Louze, v.t. to take lice from the person
and garments, as beggars do.
Low, v.t. to blaze, to flame. O.N. loga,
flammare, flagrare, Dan. lue, S.G. and
Sw. laga.
Low, n. a flame.
Lowance, n. allowance, set quantity of
beer. M. lowanse, a thing allowed.
Lowse, n. the privilege of turning out
cattle on the commons. " We've a
lowze on t' moor."
Lowsen, v.t. to loosen.
Lubber-head, n. a stupid fellow.
Lug, n. (1) the ear. (2) A handle. "A
pitcher wi' two lugs."
LTJ
MA
Lug, v.t. to pull the hair. Sw. lugga,
to pull by the hair.
Luggin and rivin. Pulling and tearing.
Luk, Pr. of look. To luk on, to regard
with kindness and consideration.
Lum, n. a deep pool. A deep still pool
overshadowed with trees. O.N. luma,
amnis.
Lumber, n. mischief.
Lump, v.i. to be or look sulky.
Lunge, (1) v.i. to plunge, to rush for-
ward with violence. (2) v.t. To lunge
a colt, in breaking him in, is to hold
him with a long rope and drive him
round a circle.
Lungeous, adj. (1) rough, cruel, vin-
dictive ; likely to do a sudden bad
turn. (2) Awkward.
Lurgy, n. an idle person.
Lurgy, adj. idle.
Luthabut, Pr. of look thee but.
Luv-barn, ")
Luv-begitten-barn, > n. a bastard.
Luv-child, )
Luvesome, adj. lovely. A.S. lufsum.
Lyring, n. a shallow depression or hol-
low, of some width, in the sands, in
whi^h the sea remains at low water.
These depressions are said to be due
to the continually shifting channels
of the river which runs into More-
cambe Bay. W. llyr, a water-course,
a channel.
M
Ma, v.t. to make.
Maa (Pr. of maw), the human stomach
as well as that of any animal. A.S.
maga.
Maa, Pr. of mow. pret. Maew or
Mew. pp. Maan.
Maain, Pr. of mowing. A day's mow-
ing is about three roods.
Maak, n. a maggot or gentle.
Maaky, adj. full of maggots.
Maan, p.p. mown.
Maander, Pr. of maunder.
Maap (Pr. of mope), v.i. to maunder,
to wander about in an objectless, va-
cant maDner. Dan. maabe, to mope.
Maapment, n. rigmarole, nonsense.
Mad, adj. angry, stark mad, very angry.
Madam, a title used in the provinces
to women under the rank of Lady,
but moving in respectable society.
Maddle, v.t. and i. (1) to confuse, to
perplex, to rave or be delirious. (2)
To miss one's way.
Made. What made you there ? = What
caused you to be there, what business
had you ?
Madgew^. (1) the jack at nine-pins, so
called from its often consisting of the
madge or fetlock-bone of a horse. (2)
A magpie.
Madge -beyan, n. the fetlock-bone of a
horse.
Madlin, n. a bad memory.
Mad-pash, n. a mad fellow.
Maew, pret. of To mow.
Maine, v.i. (1) to hesitate, to falter, to
act by means inadequate to the at-
tainment of the object or end pro-
posed, like one in dotage. (2) To
stammer, to mumble.
Mafflehorn, n. a blundering, inefficient
person.
Mafflin', n. one that has not much sense,
a simpleton.
Maffling, adj. trifling, clumsy, weak,
feeble*
Maggot, n. a whim.
Maggoty, adj. whimsical
Maggy, n. a magpie.
Maid, n. (1) a girl. (2) A clothes-horse.
Main, adj. great. A main man. The
varra main = The greatest part.
Maister, n. the husband.
Maister, adj. principal ; as, Maister
drain = Principal drain.
Maisterdom, n. the upper hand.
Maisterful, adj. imperious, headstrong.
Maisterlin', n. a would-be master, a
petty master.
Maistly, adj. mostly, generally.
Maist-what, ) adv. for the most
Maiyast-what, ] part.
Maiyad, Pr. of made.
Maiyast, Pr. of most.
Maiyast on end, adv. almost continu-
ally or unceasingly.
Mak', Pr. of make.
Mak', n. (1) sort, species. (2) Race,
family.
Makin, n. the yellow flag. Gael, mea-
can, a flag iris.
Makkin', n. making. A.S. macung,
making, contrivance.
Mally, | Familiar for Mal7-
Mammy-seeak (Pr. of Mammy-sick),
adj. never easy but when at home
with mammy.
53
MA
ME
Man, n. a pile of stones or turf built
upon the highest part of a mountain.
W. maen, a stone.
Manch, v.t. to munch, to eat greedily.
Mander, n. manner, kind.
Manifolds, n. the intestines ; from
their consisting of many fold^
Manish, Pr. of manage.
Manishment, Corr. of management.
Man-keen, adj. Of the state of a bull
when dangerous.
Manned, adj. waited on, attended.
Manner, Pr. of manure.
Mannerly, adj. decent, neat.
Mannish, adj. manly.
Mantle, v.t. to embrace kindly.
Mappen [Cow. of may happen), adv .pro-
bably, perhaps.
mSS< I ** «* — •
Mares' -tails, n. a name for long, nar-
row and irregular clouds, white or of
a light colour.
Marget, Corr. of Margaret.
Marjery, n. a cat. Cf. Sans, mar jar a,
from mrij, to clean, or the animal
that always cleans itself. M. Muller,
Lect. on the Science of Language, p.
367, second edition, 1862.
Marks, n . the impressions made by the
feet of the otter.
Marlock, n. a frolic, gambol, or vagary,
rough sports ; generally used in the
plural.
Marrow, n, an equal, a companion, a
fellow : —
" There's never a sparrow
Without its marrow."
Marrow, v.t. to match, to equal.
Marred, adj. spoiled ; particularly of
persons.
Marriable, adj. marriageable.
Marry ; an ejaculatory expression, al-
luding in its origin to the Virgin
Mary.
Martin, n. a spayed heifer. See Free-
Martin.
Martlemas, Corr. of Martinmas.
Mash, (1) v.t. to bruise to pieces. (2) v.i.
To go along with a great impetus ;
as, " He com mashiri down."
Mash, n. a large quantity ; as, " We
hed a mask on it " = We had a large
quantity of it.
Mashelment, n. wheat and barley grown
and ground together.
Mashment, n. anything cut up and
mixed together.
54
Massacree (Pr. of massacre), v.t. to ill-
treat, to butcher.
Mastice, ) n f , .„.
Masty, J Corr- of mastlff-
Matter, v.t. to approve of. "I don't
matter it."
"Matty, ) n. the mark pitched at in the
Motty, ) game of Pitch and Toss.
Maum, ) adj. (1) mellow. (2) Gentle,
Mawm, J quiet.
Mauments, n. trifles.
Maund, n. a large basket. A.S. mand,
a basket, Du. mand, a basket or wicker
pannier.
Maunder, v.i. to wander about thought-
fully, to wander in talking, to mope
about without object.
Maups, n. a stupid person.
Maut, Pr. of malt.
Mayast, ) -on-end, adv. almost con-
Meyast, \ tinually, perpetually.
Mazelin', n. one that has not much
sense.
Me. I. Here, as in most parts of the
North, it is usual to say 'me' for
'I' in such instances as, "Wha's
theeyar ?" Ans. " Its me."
Meadow, n. a field used for growing
hay, in distinction to a pasture.
Meal (Pr. of meal), n. oatmeal.
Meal-poke, n. a meal-bag.
Meal-seeds, n. the husks of oats.
Meal's-meat, n. meat enough for a meal.
A.S. mwlmete.
Mealy-mouthed, adj. very particular
and cautious in speech.
Mean (Pr. of moan), v.i. to moan or
lament. A cow, when very ill and
moaning, is said to be " meanin her-
self."
Meanin', n. an indication or hint.
Mear, Pr. of more.
Meat, n. victuals, board. " I get 12s.
a-week an' my meat,'" i.e. my victuals.
Meat-heyal, adj. having an appetite for
food.
Med, pret. of To make.
Medcalf, n. a calf's pluck, or heart,
liver, and lungs.
Meeda, Pr. of meadow.
Meet, adj. even with ; as, " I'll be meet
wi' tha."
Meeterly, adv. tolerably well, mode-
rately.
Meetin's, n. the meeting of two cur-
rents of the tide in Morecambe Bay,
often producing a rough and dan-
gerous sea for small craft.
ME
MI
*Jenh' ] Corr. of make.
Mek, )
Mek count on, To. To reckon on, rely
upon.
Mek t' duer, To. To fasten the door.
Mek a hand on, To. To destroy.
Mek suer, To. To put in a safe place.
Mek all split, To. To act with or
apply great violence.
Melder, n. (1) a kiln full of oats, or as
many as are ground at a time. (2) A
making or grinding of meal for the
winter's stock. O.N. meldr, actus
molendi.
Melgreaves, n. quicksands. O.N. melr,
a place full of sand.
Mell, v,i. to meddle. O.F. mesler, mis-
cere, immiscere ; to mix oneself up
in matters with which he has no
business. Minsheu, in v.
Mell, n. a mallet or large wooden ham-
mer, a two-handled hammer. Lat.
malleus, O.N. melia, conterere. To
get the mell is to obtain a mallet in
prize ploughing, as a prize for the
worst ploughing. Cf. the " wooden
spoon" of the universities. The
mell is fixed upon the winner's (?)
plbugh, or sometimes stuck in the
piece of land ploughed by him. [The
origin of this expression is obscure,
and many guesses at its derivation
have been made, all more or less
unsatisfactory. The me^-sheaf in
Cleveland used to be made of the
last corn severed in winning the
harvest, and made of extra size, and
with much care and observance. Ed.]
Mendment, n. amendment.
Mends, n. amends, recompense, satis-
faction, recovery.
Menfolk, n. the male population. S.G.
manfolk, viri, mares.
Menner, )
Mennard,pammnow-
Mense, v.t. to grace, to ornament, to
decorate. " Gaa an' mense thysel
up" = Go and make your toilette.
Mense, n. decency, propriety, hospi-
tality, politeness, good manners,
kindness. " He hez ' naidher mense
nor sense "= He has neither good
manners nor tact. "For mense" —
For decency sake. O.N. menska, hu-
manitas.
Menseful, adj. polite, decent, managing,
thoughtful.
Meos, Pr. of mess.
Meos-pot, n. a mess-pot.
Mere, n. a lake.
Mere-stans, n. boundary stones for
dividing separate holdings of land,
which were very common before
fences were in use.
Merge, n. mud, sludge.
Merr;/, n. the wild cherry.
Merry-begot, adj. illegitimate.
Merry-dancers, n. a name for the
Northern Lights or aurora borealis.
Merry-go-round, n. a revolving ma-
chine upon which children ride at
country fairs and races.
Merry-neet, n. a rustic ball, a night
appropriated to mirth, festivity, and
various amusements.
Mesel, Pr. of myself.
Mess, v.t. to muddle, to bungle.
Metal, n. broken stones for mending
roads.
Mew, pret. of To mow.
Mezzur, Pr. of measure.
Mich, adj. much.
Miche, v.t. to cheat artfully. ["Shall
the blessed sun of heaven prove a
micher, and eat blackberries'?" Ed.]
Mich-like, adj. much the same.
Mickle, adj. much, great. A Lonsdale
proverb runs thus :
" Many littles m^ak a mickle,
Many mickles meyak a mile."
Middin', n. a dunghill. " Cock o' th'
middin" = The principal person of a
place, one who is looked up to for lay-
ing down the law. A. S. midding, Dan. '
modding. It is also a contemptuous
name for a dirty woman.
Middin-craa, n. the common carrion
crow.
Middin-pant, n. the filthy receptacle
of the drainage of a cow-house.
Middlin', adj. (1) tolerable, pretty well
in health. (2) Not very well. " I's
nobbut middlin."
Midge, n. a very small fly, a gnat. A.S.
myg, a gnat, Sw. mygga, Dan. myg.
Midjerum, n. the milt or spleen.
Miff, n. displeasure, ill humour,
Miff-maff, n. nonsense.
Mightful, adj. full of might, powerful.
Mihilmass, Pr. of Michaelmas.
Milder, n. oatmeal when first ground,
with all the dust and seeds together.
See Melder.
Milk-lead, n. a cistern lined with lead,
used for keeping milk in.
Milkness, n. the produce of a dairy.
55
MI
MO
Miller, n. a large white moth.
Miller, To drown the. To put too
much water in one's grog. The
origin of the phrase is obvious.
Miller-thoum, n. a small bird of the
wren species.
Millin', n. a beating, a drubbing.
Mind, v.t. to observe, to notice par-
ticularly, to regard. " Thou minds
as I wor gangin hey am." "Mind ta
think on"=Be careful thou remem-
ber.
Mingle-mangle, n. confusion.
Mirk, n. darkness. O.N. myrkr, tene-
brse, A.S. mire.
Mirk, adj. dark. O.N. myrkr, tene-
brosus, obscurus, A.S. mire, Sw. mork,
Dan. mork.
Mirksome, adj. dark.
Misbehodden, adj. disobliging, offen-
sive. " I niwer gav her a misbehod-
den word."
Miscanter, n. a misadventure.
Mischeef, n. misfortune.
Miscoe, Pr. of miscall.
Misconster, Corr. of misconstrue.
Miserable, adj. greedy, covetous.
Misfit, n. anything that does not fit or
answer.
Misforten, n. a palliative term for being
improperly enceinte.
Mish-mash, n. a confused mass, a hodge-
podge. S.G. misk-mask, Sw. misch-
masch, hodge-podge.
Misken, v.t. to be ignorant of, not to
know, to mistake.
Mislike, v.t. to dislike. O.N. and Sw.
mislika, displicere.
Mislippen, v.t. to suspect.
Mismannered, adj. unbecoming.
Missin's, n. anything missing. "I's
lukkan fer t' mis8irfs" = I am looking
for the missing ones.
Mistaen, ) 7. . , -,
Mistakken, ) ad>< mistake*-
Mistress, n. a wife, the mistress of the
house.
Mite, n. a small worm.
Mittens, n. hedging gloves, made of
strong leather.
Mixen, n. a dunghill.
Mizzle, n. small rain.
Moant, Corr. of must not.
Moat, Pr. of malt. See Maut.
Moat-cummens, n. the little beards or
shoots when malt begins to sprout.
Moat-kill, Pr. of malt-kiln.
Mobble, v.t. to pelt with stones.
56
Moider, v.t. to distract or bewilder, to
confuse or perplex.
Moil, v.i. to toil or labour very hard.
Mollicroy, ) v.t. to kill, to kill within
Mollicruth, \ a little.
Monny-feet, n. (1) the millipes. (2)
The creeping crow-foot (ranunculus
repens, Linn.).
Mooed, adj. crowded, crammed.
Mool, v.t. to rumple, to disorder.
Moonleet-flit, n. removing one's goods
from a house during the night with-
out having paid the rent.
Moored, adj. diseased with red water.
Moor-pou't, n. a young grouse.
Moosen, v.t. to guess by the handful.
Mooter (Corr. of multure), n. the toll
of corn taken by the miller for grind-
ing it. Fr. mouture, grinding, miller's
fee.
Mooter, v.t. to take toll of corn at a
mill, i.e. to appropriate a portion of
it for the grinding.
Mop, n. a meeting or fair where servants
are hired.
Mop, v.t. to look about in a lively
noticing manner ; said of an infant.
" She mops about."
Moreover than that : Besides, over
and above that.
Morge, n. dirt in thin condition, sludge.
Morish, adj. causing an inclination or
appetite for more.
Morn. See To-morn.
Mort, n. a young salmon.
Moss, n. a morass, a peat bog.
Moss. " 1 can make neither moss nor
sand on him = Make nothing of him.
Moss-wood, n. trunks and stumps of
trees, frequently found in morasses.
Mottey, n. talk, speech, opinion. Pro-
bably a corr. of motto.
Mottey, n. the mark at which quoits
are thrown.
Moud, Pr. of mould.
Mou'd-booard, n. a smooth curved plate
of iron on a plough to facilitate the
turning over of the soil after it has
been cut by the coulter and share.
Mon'dy, n. a mole-catcher.
Mou'dy-warp, n. a mole. O.N. mold-
varpa, talpa, Dan. muldvarp, A.S.
moldewyrp, S.G. mullwcerpel. [From
A.S. weorpan, to cast, O.N. verpa, to
throw or heap up ; as, at verpa haug,
garft, to heap up a grave-hill, a bank
or fence. Ed.]
Moul, v.i. to grow mouldy.
MO
NA
Mouser, n. (1) a cat. (2) A mouse-
catcher.
Mouth-hod (Pr. of mouth-hold), n.
plenty of grass for cattle.
Mow, n. hay (more rarely corn) stacked
or stored in a barn. AS. mowe.
Mow-bornt-hay, n. hay which has fer-
mented in the stack.
Mow- stead, n. the division or portion
of a barn appropriated to the recep-
tion of a stack.
Muck, v.t. (1) to manure land. (2) To
cleanse out a cow-house or stable,
etc. S.G. mocka, stabula purgare,
fimum auferre.
Muck, n. (1) manure, dirt. (2) A con-
temptuous name for money.
Muck-drag, n. a kind of fork, with
three prongs bent down at right
angles to the handle, for pulling
manure out of a cart.
Muck-fork, n. a dung-fork.
Muck-heap, n. (1) a dunghill. (2) A
dirty, untidy person.
Muckment, n. dirt, or anything worth-
less. " It's nowt but muckment"
Muck-middin', n. a dunghill.
Muck-sweat, n. excessive perspiration.
" He's o' of a muck-sweat."
Mucky, adj. dirty, wet, rainy. "It's
nobbut mucky weddher."
Mucky, v.t. to dirty, to soil.
Mud, adj. muddy, confused, muddled.
Mud, v. aux. must, might.
Mudder, (1) Pr. of mother. (2) The
womb. Sw. moder, womb, A. S. moder,
O.Fris. moder.
Muddher, n. a thick slimy substance
for converting wine into vinegar.
S.G. modder, foex, spurcities ista, quae
in fundo doliorum residet.
Muddly, adj. thick, foggy.
Mue (Corr. of mow), v.t. to make mouths.
Muffs, n. woollen gloves without sepa-
rate fingers. S.G. muff, manica hye-
malis.
Mug, n. a fog or mist.
Mug, n. a sheep without horns.
Muggle, ) v.^.toskulkawayunobserved,
Miggle, \ or by stealth.
Muggy, adj. close and damp, generally
applied to the weather.
Mull, adj. the small or dusty part of
turf or peat. Gael, mul, "W. mwlwg,
sweepings, Du. mul, the dust or
crumbling of turf, N. Fris. mull,
Sw. mull, mould, earth, dust, M.G.
muld.
Mumchance, To sit. To sit lifeless,
and without joining in the conver-
sation.
Mummle, Pr. of mumble.
Mummle, n. a mumbling, a murmur.
Sw. mummel. " He tokes o' of a mum-
mle, yan can't tell what a say."
Mump, v.i. to be sulky.
Mump, v. t. to eat heartily. O.N. mumpa,
inter buccas recipere, de voraci esu
dicitur.
Mun, n. the mouth. "To maiyak muns
at" is to make mouths at. O.Fris.
mund, O.N. munnr, Sw. mun, Dan.
mund, M.G. muns.
Mun, v. aux. must. O.N. mun, pres.
ind. verbi auxil. muna.
Mun-be, n. an unavoidable event.
Munce : must I,
Munnet : must not.
Munt, '<u. to hint by signs. [Probably a
form of 'mint,' the more usual mean-
ings of whicii are to aim^» intend,
make a show of doing a thing ; whence
would follow the meaning given here.
Ed.]
Murgeon, n. rubbish, earth cut up and
thrown aside in order to get peats.
Murky, adj. obscure, dark.
Murl, v.t. to crumble, to fall in pieces.
Musk 1 v%t to crush or crumble-
Mush, n. anything mashed, crushed or
bruised refuse.
Mushmeat, n. food in a pulpy state, or
nearly so.
Mushment, n. the dusty refuse of any
dry substance.
Muzzle, v.i. (1) to drink excessively.
(2) To trifle, to skulk.
Muzzlin', adj. trifling, drinking.
Muzzy, adj. half-drunk, stupefied with
liquor.
Mysen, } m^sel£ See Mesel.
N
Naiva > "^r' °^ n0' " ■"■ ^ae na brass "
Neaf ) =I have no money-
Nab, n. (1) a cant term for the head.
(2) The summit of an abrupt eminence
or steep place, a height. S.G. nabb,
promontorium.
Nafflin', n. one almost an idiot.
57
NA
NE
Nag, v.t. (1) to natter or nibble as a
mouse. (2) To be querulous and
sarcastic. Sw. nagga, to nibble, to
peck, Dan. nage, to gnaw.
Naggin-pain, n. a slight but constant
and annoying pain ; of toothache, etc.
haggle, v.t. to gnaw.
Naggy, adj. touchy, irritable, quarrel-
some.
Nawder ( Pr- of neither. See Nowther.
Nail, Thou can't say black's my. I
defy you to impeach my integrity.
Nailer, n. a person who makes or sells
nails.
Nancey-pretty (Corr. of "None so
pretty "), n. the lesser London Pride.
Nanny, n. a goat.
Nanny -pie, n. a kind of oats ; perhaps
from their being partly black in the
husk, and looking somewhat like a
magpie.
Nantle^.^. to caress, to fondle.
Nap, a stroke, a blow. " I gev him a
nap"=I gave him a stroke.
Nap -at -noon, n. the purple goat's
beard {Trapogon porrifolius. Linn.)
which expands its flowers only in the
forenoon, after which they close.
Nappy, n. (1) fine ale. (2) Toddy.
Nappy, adj. a little intoxicated.
Nar, adj. nearer.
Narmest, adj. nearest. Sw. narmast,
nearest, next.
Narrst, adj. nearest. O.N. ncerst.
Nasty, adj. (1) dirty. (2) Ill-tempered,
disagreeable.
Natches, Pr. of notches.
Nater, ) ,
Nathur, } n- nature-
Natter. See Gnatter.
Nattercrop, n. a peevish person.
Nattered, adj. ill-tempered.
Nattle, v.i. to be busy about trifles.
Naughty-pack, n. an old phrase of
abuse ; but in N. Lonsd. applied to
children in a softer manner.
Nay, v. a. to deny.
Nay-say, n. a refusal.
Nay-then ; a phrase implying doubt,
disappointment, or wonder. " Nay-
then, if that be t' keyas (case), I'll
away " = Indeed ! then in that case
I shall go.
Neaf, 7v. the fist. O.N. hnefi, pugnus,
Dan. nceve, Sw. nafve, fist, hand.
Neaf, Double- n. the clenched fist.
Neaf -full, n. a handfull.
58
Neak, Pr. of nook.
Neamel, Corr. of nimble.
Neamly, Pr. of namely.
Nean, Pr. of noon.
Neapins, both hands full.
Near, adj. (1) the left side of a horse
is usually termed the near side. (2)
Close, penurious.
Near-hand, adv. almost.
Nearmer, adj. nearer. Dan. narmere.
Nearmest, adj. nearest. Dan. ncermest.
Near-scented, adj. not catching the
scent till too near.
Neawhar, Pr. of nowhere.
Neb, n. (1) the nose. (2) A bill or
beak of a bird. A.S. neb, O.N. nebbi,
rostrum avium.
Nebber, Pr. of neighbour.
Necked, adj. broken in the neck ; ap-
plied to corn beaten by wind.
Nedder, Pr. of nether ; as, "Nedder
Kellet," "Nedder Wyresdale," "Ned-
der Carke."
Neddhermer, adj. nearer, lower.
Neddy, n. a jackass.
Neese, v.i. to sneeze. A.S. niesan,
O.N. hnjosa, Dan. nyse, to sneeze,
Sw. nysa, Du. niesen,
Neest, adj. nighest.
Neet, Pr. of night.
Neet, n. (1) the egg of a louse. (2)
Five sheaves of grain set upright.
Nep, v.t. See Knep.
Ner, conj. nor, than. O.Fris. ner, nor,
than.
Nesh, adj. tender, soft, delicate, weak.
AS. hnesc, M.G. hnasgs.
Nesht, Corr. of next.
Nesp, v. t. to pick off the ends of goose-
berries.
Nesp, n. the calyx of a gooseberry. G.
knospe, a bud.
Ness, n. a promontory. Sw. nas, a cape,
a promontory.
™;H-tofidsetabout-
Nestlin', n. the smallest bird in the nest.
Nether- side, n. the side at which a
horse is mounted.
Nettin, n. old urine, chamber lye.
O.Fris. netten. -
Neuk, Pr. of nook.
New-comes, n. strangers newly arrived.
Newel, n. a pillar of wood or stone in
which the steps of a winding stair-
case terminate.
New-land, n, land newly broken up
and ploughed.
NE
NTT
Neyable, Corr. of navel.
Neyakt, Pr. of naked.
Neyam, Pr. of name.
Nibs, n. the small handles attached to
the pole of a scythe.
Nicely, adv. well in health.
Nick, v.t. (1) to deceive, to cheat. (2)
To catch in the act.
Nicked i' t' heead= Crazy.
Nick-stick, n. a tally or stick notched
for reckoning.
Niffy-naffy, adj. insignificant, trifling.
"He's a niffy-naffy fellow."
Nifle, v.t. to steal articles of small value,
to pilfer.
Niggle, (1) v.t. to nibble, to eat or do
anything mincingly, to haggle in a
bargain. (2) v.i. To walk with short,
mincing steps.
Nigglin', adj. contemptible, mean.
Nigh, v.t. to approach, to touch.
Nighest-about : a term applied to the
shortest cut.
Ninmiel, Pr. of nimble.
Ning-nang, n. a sorry jade of a horse.
Nip, n. a pinch, a small quantity.
Nip-cheese, n. a miserly person.
Nip-fit, n. a tight fit ; said of any
garment that fits tightly.
Nip up, v.t. to snatch up hastily.
Nirl, n. a knot.
Nivver, Corr. of never.
Noah's-arks, n. cirrus clouds, supposed
to resemble the ark, indicating rain.
[The Cleveland form of this word is
Noe-ship, the Pro v. Sw. being Noa-
skeppet, where Noa is a corruption of
the genitive of Odin, who was the
God of the waters and weather gene-
rally. Thus, ark is a corruption, ex-
tending to Denmark as well as over
much of England. The Dan. prov.
phrase is Ar/cen bygges (the ark is
built) ; in Clevel. it is said "JYoe
ship 's oopP Ed.]
Noan, Pr. of none.
Nob, n. (1) the head : hence (2) A
person in a superior station in
life.
Nob, v.t. to strike. See Nope.
Nobbut (Contr. of bought but), adv.
only.
Noddle, v.i. (1) to be half asleep. (2)
To shake the head.
Noddy: the name of an old game at
cards, where anyone who makes 21
is called a noddy or simpleton.
Noddy, n. a fool.
Noddy-pate, n. a simpleton.
No-far, adv. not far, i.e. near.
Noggin, n. (1) a double glass of spirits.
(2) A small wooden kit.
Noggs, n. the game of nine-pins.
Noggy-wife, n. strong linen thread.
Noit, \ n. the time during which a cow
Note, ] gives mUk.
Nooan. See Noan.
Nooat, Pr. of note.
Nook, n. the fireside, the chimney
corner in farm-houses.
Nope, n. a small blow. " I gev him a
nope on t' heead."
Nope, v.t. to give a knock.
Noper, n. a blow on the head. " I gev
him a noper.'"
Nor, adv. than.
Notch-stick, n. a tally or notched stick.
See Nick-stick.
Nought-at-dow : used adjectively of
persons ; worthless.
Nouth, Pr. of north.
Nows and thens, At. Occasionally.
"Nobbut nows and thens" = Only
now and then.
Nowt (Pr. of nought), adv. nothing.
" He's noivt to me " = Is no relation
to me. At nowt, on no consideration
whatever. It fits o' to nout, it fits
exactly.
Nowther, conj. neither.
Noyls, n. the refuse of wool and
silk.
Nub, v.t. to give a hint or signal by a
private touch with the hand, elbow,
or foot.
Nub, n. a hint so given.
Nuddher, Corr. of another.
Numb, adj. dull, stupid.
Nurses, n. the kidneys. "She was weel
ligged-on i' t' nurses " = There was
much fat about the kidneys ; said of
a slaughtered beast. O.N. nyra, a
kidney, S.G. njura. (Rask, p. 51.)
Nuts, To fight. The nuts are threaded
on a string, and one of them being
slipped to the end of the string is
laid on a boy's cap, when his an-
tagonist, with another nut similarly
strung and slipped to the end, en-
deavours to crack it by a stroke with
his own. This is done by each boy
alternately until one of the nuts yields.
See Job -nuts.
Nuzzling, n. (1) spending time on trifles.
(2) Nestling.
59
OA
OU
o
Oalas, Pr. of always.
Obbut ! Pr. of Oh but !
Od swinge, a rustic oath.
Odd, adj. single.
Odd, n. a small point of land or pro-
montory; as, "Green Odd." N. Fris.
odd, Isl. oddr, lingula terrse.
OdSeer,' | Pr" of other«
Oddments, n. trifles, remnants.
'Od drat it, ~)
'Od rabbet it, f a species of mild im-
'Od rot it, f precation.
'Od wite it, )
Odds, n. difference. "At odds " = At vari-
ance.
Od zoes, a veiled oath — God's woes.
Off-at-hooks (used as an adj.), out of
temper, or unwell.
Off-at-side, ) ,. .
Off-it \ J' msane*
Off-come, n. a stranger.
Off- cummin', adj. off- coming.
Offen, Pr. of often.
Off-gangin', adj. A word qualifying
an outgoing tenant's proportion of
the wheat crop of a farm, tilled for
and sown by himself, but not reaped
until after he has left the farm. See
Away-going.
Ofter, adv. oftener.
Oggle, v.i. to stare. (Probably a corr.
of ogle).
O-i-t'-well. A game practised, at races
and fairs and other places of amuse-
ment, with three pegs, which are put
into three circular holes made in the
ground, about two feet apart, and
forming a triangle. In this case each
hole contains a peg about two feet
long upon which is deposited either
a small knife or some copper. The
person playing gives so much for
each stick he throws at the pegs,
and gets all the articles that are
thrown off so as to fall on the out-
side of the holes. A game somewhat
corresponding to that of "Aunt Sally"
in the South.
Olderman, Corr. of alderman.
Ole, Pr. of owl.
Olyet, n. an ey let-hole.
Ome, Pr. of elm.
Ommost, adv. almost.
On, prep. of. " Mek mich on him."
60
Onely (pr. oanly), adj. lonely, solitary.
Onnish, adj. somewhat advanced. "He
was on?iish-like i' drink."
Onny, Pr. of any.
Onny-bit like. " I'll cum an t' weddher
be onny-bit MJce"=l will come if the
weather be at all decent.
Onset, n. a dwelling-house and out-
buildings.
Onst (pr. wonst), adv. once.
Oo, pron. he, she.
Ooath, Pr. of oath.
Ooavl (Corr. of hovel or huwil), n. a
finger-poke. [The word hovel (huwil
or hufne) in Cleveland is a diminu-
tive from O.E. how, howve, hoove, a
hood. Ed.]
Ooer (Corr. of ower for over), adj. upper.
Ooerlive, ) (Pr. of over-live), v.t. to
Owerleeve, ] outlive. 0. Fris. urliva.
Oon, n. an oven. S.G. ugn.
Oostan, Pr. of Ulverston.
Oozle (Pr. of ouzel), n. a blackbird.
A.S. osle.
Oppen, Pr. of open.
Oration, n. noise, uproar.
Orchen (Pr. of urchin), n. a hedgehog.
Orchet, Corr. of orchard.
Orled, adj. not thriving.
Ornary, Corr. of ordinary.
Orts, n. the refuse of hay left in the
stall by cattle. [Cf. Jutland, orred,
orret, the remnants of fodder wasted
or rejected by the cattle ; other Dan.
prov. forms being ort, ovret, or owed.
Ed.]
Oss, v.i. and t. to try, to offer, begin,
attempt, or set about anything. "He
nivver osses"=He never makes the
attempt. W. osi, to offer to do, to
attempt.
Other, conj. either.
Othergates, adv. otherwise.
Othersome, adj. others.
Ouer, prep, over, above, beyond. u0uer
and aboon " = Over and above.
Ouergit, v.t. to overtake.
Ouer-welted, adj. overturned. AS.
ofer, over, and wealtian, to roll.
Ouer-year, adj. over-year ; as, "An
ouer-year ham"=A ham of last year.
Du. overjarigh, above a year.
Ought, n. anything.
Oumer, v.t. to shadow. Fr. ombrer, to
shadow, to shade, Lat. umbra.
Ousen, n. oxen.
Out' AU- | adv' Mlj> comPletel7-
ou
PA
Out, ) -pi
Outin' ( n' an excursi0n °f pleasure.
Outbreck (Pr. of outbreak), n. a crop-
ping out. When a vein of coal, free-
stone, etc. appears on the surface it
is called an outbreck.
Outeu, adv. out of doors.
Out -louse, n. the privilege of turning
out cattle on a common.
Out-o-heart, adj. out of condition ; of
land.
Outrake, n. a free passage for sheep
from enclosed land to an open com-
mon.
Outs, To be at. To be in a state of
variance with any.
Outshot, n. a projection, a lean-to.
Outside, adj. solitary, retired, lonely.
Overseen, adj. tipsy.
Ower-t'-hip, To have one over = To
have the upper hand of him. (Origin-
ally a term in wrestling).
Owler, Corr. of alder.
Owts, n. any considerable quantity.
" Hez ta owts on it ? " = Have you
any considerable quantity of it 1
Simply a corruption of ought.
Pace-eggs, n. eggs boiled hard and
dyed or stained various colours, given
to children at the time of Easter.
Pack, n. (1) a heap or quantity. (2) A
pedlar's bundle. (3) A flock of cer-
tain animals.
Pack, v.i. to collect together as birds
do in flocks.
Packman, n. a pedlar.
Packneedle, n. a very small eel ; which
somewhat resembles the instrument
so called.
Pack-rag-day, n. the last day of a fair,
when clothiers, etc. pack up their
remnants.
Pack-thread, To talk = To talk non-
sense.
Packway, n. a narrow paved way, by
which goods could be conveyed only
on pack-horses.
Packy, adj. heavy with clouds packed
together ; thus they say before a
thunderstorm, "It luks packy"
Pad, v.t. to make a path by walking on
an untracked surface.
Pad, n. (1) a sort of saddle on which
country market women commonly
ride, different both from the pack-
saddle and the side-saddle, of a clumsy
make, and padded and quilted. Used
likewise by millers and malsters. (2)
A path. A.S. paad, 0. Fris. pad, Du.
padt, a path.
Paddle, (1) v.i. to make short steps in
walking. (2) v.t. To support a child
as yet unable to walk, so as to aid it
in its attemps to use its feet.
Paddock, n. a toad. AS. pad, a toad,
O.N. padda, rana, Du. padda, Sw.
padda, Dan. padde.
Paddock-speyan, n. the spawn of the
toad. [padde-stoel.
Paddock-steyal, n. a toad-stool. Du.
Pad-rooad, n. a footpath.
Pair-of-stairs, n. a flight of stairs.
Paise, v.i. to walk about leisurely, or
lazily. [In Clevel. the iovm. plsling
(pr. pahsling), and meaning saunter-
ing, lounging about lazily or heavily,
occurs, which I collate with the nearly
synonymous Prov. Sw. pisla, and
pislig, poorly, indisposed. No doubt
eventually referrible to a common
source with A.S. pise, pislic, heavy.
Ed.]
Pakky, n. a small or young eel, some-
times called a packneedle.
Pan, v.i. (1) to fit or tally. (2) To frame
or offer as a learner.
Panches (a form of paunches), n. tripe.
Pannage, n. (1) the mast of the oak
and beech which swine feed on in
the woods. (2) The right of turning
out hogs to feed on mast in woods.
Panter, n. a snare for birds, made of
hair.
Pappy, n. (1) the female breast. (2)
The nipple of the same. (3) A
mother's milk.
Par, Pr. of pair.
Pare, v.i. to go off, to get worse. "T'
compares fearfully."
Parget, v.t. to plaister or whitewash.
Paring, n. injury, corruption.
Parkin, n. a sort of cake made of oat-
meal and treacle.
Parlish (Corr. of perilous), adv. exceed-
ingly ; as, "Parlish rich."
Parrock, n. a small field for calves, etc.
A.S. parruc or pearroc.
Parsel, n. parsley.
Pash, v.t. (1) to strike with violence so
as to break to pieces. (2) To walk
or trudge about. " He's olas pashin
about."
61
PA
PE
Pash, n, a heavy shower.
Pashy, adj. wet, rainy ; as, "pashy
weather:" also dirty; as, " A pashy
road."
Patrick, Corr. of partridge.
Pattle, v.t. to pat gently with the hand.
Pattle, n. a small sharp spade to edge
sods with, or clean ploughs.
Pauk, v.i. to go about awkwardly or
slowly.
Pauky, adj. inquisitive.
Pauling (Corr. of tarpaulin), n. a cover-
ing for a cart or waggon.
Paum, Pr. of palm.
Paums, w. the catkins of the willow.
Paum- Sunday, n. the Sunday before
Easter.
Paup, v. i. "T&paup about " = To walk
about meaninglessly.
Pawt, v.i. to potter, to do work in an
idle, slovenly way.
Pea-swad, ) -,
Pey-swad, | ^ pea-pod.
Peaking, adj. prying.
Peakish, adj. simple, rude.
Peal, n. a noise or uproar.
Pean, v.t. to strike or beat.
Pearching, adj. cold, penetrating, pinch-
ing.
Peark, v.i. to peep, to pry inquisitively.
Pearkers, w. young rooks able to perch.
A form of 'perchers.'
Peddle, w. light and easy employment ;
as, "It would be a nice peddle for
him "= Employment without much
labour, suited to one not capable of
much exertion.
Peddle, v.t. to do anything slightly, to
trifle, to do work ineffectually.
Pedlar' s-basket, w. a name for the ivy-
leaved snapdragon {Antirrhinum cym-
ballaria, Linn.).
Pee, v.i. to look with one eye, to squint,
to take aim.
Peed, adj. blind of one eye.
Peeping-hide, n. a nursery pastime, in
which the child is amused by the
alternate hiding and exposure of the
face.
Peerk, v.i. to walk consequentially.
Peert, adj. brisk, lively.
Peevish, adj. (1) cunning. (2) Cross,
crusty.
Peewit : a shout or cry of " peewit "
made use of by boys in the game of
" Hounds and hare : " —
" Hark in t' hollow,
T' dogs waint follow,
If t' yar dus'nt cry Peewit."
62
Peg, (1) v.i. to move briskly. (2) v.t. To.
beat.
Peggy, n. a simpleton.
Peil, v.t. and i. (1) to trouble, to harass.
(2) To be actively or energetically
moving or working.
Peimealston, n. a granite boulder-stone.
Pelk, v.t. to beat, to thrash.
Pell, n. a heavy shower of rain or hail,
with strong wind.
Pelse, n. (1) trash, refuse, vile stuff.
(2) A mean, worthless person.
Pelt, n. a skin with the fur on.
Pelt, n. (1) a blow or stroke. (2) A
rage or passion.
Pelter, n. anything large.
Pelter, v.t. to batter, to beat.
Pen, n. the root of a feather.
Pen. This word is said to be of Phoe-
nician extraction, and signifies head
or eminence. We have many names
in Cornwall, Wales, and Cumberland
which begin with pen: — Pen- wort-
ham, Pew-court, Pen-dock, Pew-dre,
Pew-hill, Pew-man Maur, Pew-ning-
ton in Furness, Pew-y-gent, Pew-ryth,
Pew-ryn, Pew-zance, Pew -ruddock,
Pew-dragon, Pew-domer, Pew-ning-
ham (Wigton), Pe^-brook, Pew-den,
Pew-cher, Pew-coyd, Pew-comb, Pew-
creek, Pew-nicuik, Pew-nister (York),
Pew-denelow, Pew-dennis, Pew-den-
nock Point, Pew-dle-hill, Pew-dle
Forest, Pew-dleton.
Penfeddher, w. (1) a word descriptive of
the state of young birds before the
feathers have become developed. (2)
A term applied to a horse whose hair
is rough.
Pent'us, (Pr. of penthouse), w. the part
of a roof which projects over the
outer wall of a house, and sometimes
sufficiently wide to walk under ; also
an open shed or projection over a
door. W. penty, a penthouse.
Pepper, v.t. (1) to rate or scold. (2)
To beat, to thrash.
Penal, w, three cards of the same
number. Corr. of pair royal.
Perished, adj. starved with cold.
Perk, v.t. to start up, to grow brisk.
W. perc, compact, trim, lively.
Perky, adj. saucy.
Pern, v. i.to over-roast or dry, to shrivel up.
Pesterment, w. embarassment.
Pet, n. (1) an angry mood. " She tuk th'
pet an wodn't cum." (2) A cade or
house lamb.
PE
PI
Pet-lip, n. a hanging lip.
Pett, adj. petted.
Petted, adj. indulged, spoilt.
Pettish, adj. passionate, ill-humoured,
cross.
Petties, n. low or mean grammar
scholars. The lower scholars at Cart-
mel school were formerly so called.
Pettle, v.i. to coax, to play with, to trifle.
Pettlement, n. easy, trifling jobs of work.
Pettling, adj. trifling.
Peyl, v.t. (1) to weary. (2) To beat.
See Peil.
Piannet, n. (1) a magpie. M. piednat,
a magpie, W.pioden. (2) A peony.
Pick, n. pitch. " It's as dark as pick."
W. pyg, pitch, Gael, pic, M. pick,
A.S. pic, O.Fris. pik, Du. pick, Finn.
pihka.
Pick, n. a sharp-pointed mason's tool
for facing limestone.
Pick, v.t. (1) to fling or pitch, to push
suddenly. (2) To cast a calf ; as,
"T' cow's picked her coaf." (3) To
glean corn.
Pick-dark, adj. quite or pitch dark.
Picker, n. the man who pitches corn or
hay up on to the waggon.
Pickfork, ) n. a pitchfork. Dan. pik,
Piksfork, ] a pike.
Pickle, n. a small quantity.
Pickle, v. t. to soak wheat.
Picks, n. pi. diamonds at cards. Pro-
bably from their two sharp points
resembling a limestone pick.
Pick up, v.i. to vomit.
Piddle, v.i. to go about pretending to
work, but doing little or nothing.
Pie, To make a. To combine in order
to make money.
Piece, n. (1) a field or enclosure. (2)
A little while.
Pienanny, n. a magpie.
Pig-cote, n. a pig-sty.
Piggin, n. a small wooden vessel made
in the manner of a half barrel, and
having one stave longer than the
rest for a handle. W.picyn, a wooden
vessel hooped.
Pig-hull, n. a pig-sty.
Pignut, n. the earthnut. {Bunium
Jlexuosum).
Pigtail, n. a farthing candle.
Pike, v.t. to pick.
Pike, n. (1) the summit of a rocky
mountain ; as Stickle Pike, near
Broughton, in Furness. (2) A large
cock of hay. Dan. pik.
Pike, n. a hay-fork, a pitch-fork.
Piked, adj. pointed.
Pikelin \ n' a sort of muffin-
Pile, n. (1) a blade of grass. (2) The
head of an arrow. M. pyle, a sharp-
pointed iron ferule on an arrow, O.N.
pila, sagitta, pilum, Sw. pil, arrow,
bolt, shaft, Dan. pil, id. (3) A small
tower.
Pile, Cross and, Cross and Poll, Cross
and Head. On early pennies the
obverse had the king's head on it,
and on the reverse was a cross. At
this cross the penny for change was
often cut into four farthings.
Pill-gill, n. a raree show.
Pin, On the. On the qui vive.
Pin, In a merry. In a merry humour.
Pin, v.t. (1) to do a thing in haste. (2)
To fasten down, to secure. "VHpin
him "= I'll secure him.
Pinch, v.t. to plait linen.
Pinch, n. the game of pitch-halfpenny,
or pitch-and-hustle.
Pinder, v.t. to scorch, to shrivel up
by the action of fire.
Pine, v.t. to hunger, to famish. A.S.
pinan, to grow lean.
Pinfold, n. a pound for cattle.
Pink, n. a young salmon.
Pink, v.t. to strike a blow at the eyes.
Pink of a fellow, A= An extraordinary
character.
Pinnel, n. hard clayey gravel.
Pipe, v.t. to cry, to whimper, to whine.
Sw. pipa, to pipe, whine, cry, Dan.
pibe.
Pipe -stopper, n. a broken piece of a
clay tobacco pipe.
Pipin', n. the noise made by bees pre-
paratory to swarming,
Pippin, n. (1) the seed of an apple. (2)
A species of apple which contains a
large core.
Pips, 7o. the flowers of cowslips used
in making cowslip wine.
Pirn, n. a stick with a loop of cord for
twisting on the nose of a refractory
horse .
Pirned, adj. dried up, pined.
Pirns, n. a kind of ring for a vicious
cow's nose.
Pirty, Corr. of pretty.
Pismire, n, an ant. S.G. myra, formica,
A.S. myra, Du. pismeire, an ant.
Pissibed, n. the dandelion. D\i.pisse-
bedde, Fr. pissenlit, dandelion .
63
PI
PR
Pitch, v.t. to pave roughly.
Pitched, adj. of cheese exposed at fairs
or markets by the dairy and not by
sample. "To pitch a dairy" is to
carry the whole to the market or fair
at once.
Pitcher, n. the man who lifts or pitches
the reaped corn or hay up on the
waggon.
Pith, n. force, strength, might.
Pit-steeads, n. circular places in coppice
wood, where charcoal has been made.
Pitted, adj. matched.
Plack, n. a piece of money.
Plantin', n. a plantation. [dabble.
Plash, n. a puddle. Sw, plaska, to
Plash, v.t. to cut (hedges).
Plat, n. (1) a long heap of hay. (2) A
small foot-bridge.
Play-sharp : be quick.
Plean (Pr. of plain), v.t. to tell tales
against, to complain fretfully. Fr.
se plaindre, to complain, to lament.
Plean, n. a tell-tale.
Pleanin', adj. complaining.
Plea'nipie, n. a tale-bearer.
Please, v.t. to satisfy, to pay.
Pletts, n. plaits.
Plightly, adv. diligently.
Plish, v.t. (1) to blister. (2) To excite
the redness in the skin which pre-
cedes a blister.
Ploo-suck, n. a ploughshare.
Plop, n. the noise of anything falling
into water. Gael, plab, a soft noise,
as of a body falling into water,
Pluck, n. the heart, liver and lungs of
an animal.
Pluckin', n. the worsted plucked from
the machine while the wheel turns.
Plug, v.t. to pull (as the hair). S.G.
plocka, vellere.
Plum, adj. upright, perpendicular. Plum
down.
Plump, adv. exactly, directly. "Plump
up " = Up to the mark.
Poached, adj. of land trodden by cattle
when in a wet state.
Poachin', adj. swampy.
Po oboes, | n- Porridge— a child's term-
Pock-arr, n. a pock-mark.
Pock-arred, \ adj. marked with the
Pock-marked, ) small-pox.
Pock-mark, n, a scar left by the small-
pox. A. S. poc, a pock, a pustule.
Pod, n. a foot — generally a child's.
" Put down thi lile pod"
64
Pod, v.t. to shoot a marble unfairly by
jerking the hand.
Poddinger, n. a coarse earthenware pot
with a handle, used for eating por-
ridge from.
Poddish, Corr. of porridge. " Seyav
thee wind to cool thee poddish ; " a
saucy phrase. M. poddash, potage.
Poddish-pot, n. the same as Poddinger.
Point, v.t. to fill up the joints of a wall
with mortar.
Point the earth, To. To put down one's
foot to the ground.
Pointer, n. a guide-post.
Poke, n. a bag or sack.
Poky, adj. inquisitive.
Polled-cow, n. a cow without horns.
Poo, Pr. of pull.
Pook, n. the belly, the stomach.
Poortmantle, n. a bag for a cloak or
mantle, a portmanteau.
Popple, v.i. to bubble up.
Porfle, v.t. to hoard, to save.
Porker, n. a young hog fatted for the
purpose of being eaten fresh.
Porriwinkles, Corr. of periwinkles.
Portapin, n. a teetotum.
Poss, v.t. to dash or shake anything
forcibly in the water.
Possy (Pr. of Pursy), adj. thick, short,
fat.
Pot-crate, n. a large open basket to
carry crockery in.
Pote, n. a small stroke on the head.
Pots, 11. crockery.
Potscar, ) n. a potsherd or piece of
Pot-share, ) broken pottery.
Potter, ii. a hawker of earthenware.
Potter, v.t. to poke.
Pottery-ware, n. earthenware.
Pottiker, n. an apothecary.
Pouk, 11. a pimple or blister.
Pou't (Pr. of poult), n. a young bird.
Pow, 11. the poll or head.
Pow, v.t. to cut the hair of the head.
Powder, v.i. to bustle, to hasten.
Powdered, p.p. sprinkled over. "A
garment powdered with purple studs."
Powse, n. dirt, refuse, ofi'al. W. ptis,
what is expelled.
Powsement, n, refuse, lumber.
Pox, 11. the small-pox.
Prattle -basket, n. a prattling child.
Prayed-for, p.p. churched. Sometimes
said ironically of parties asked in
church.
Preachment, n. a sermon.
Prease, n. (1) choice. (2) Invitation.
PR
PY
Prease, v.t. to invite, to press. " Ye'll
need na preasin "= You will need no
invitation.
Prent, Pr. of print.
Prick, v.t. to trace a hare's footsteps.
Pricker, n. (1) a sprig-bit or carpenter's
awl. (2) Any sharp-pointed instru-
ment.
Prickin's, n. the footsteps of a hare.
Prickle, v.t. to prick.
Prick-louse, n. a nickname for a tailor.
Prick-lugged, adj. having erect ears.
Prickly-back, n. the stickleback.
Pride o' t' weddher. Fineness of the
weather. " It's nobbut t' pride o' f
weddker;" said of the weather during
a few drops of summer rain.
Primed, adj. exhilarated with liquor.
Princy-cock, n. a dandified, conceited
young fellow.
Print, n. the mark made by the foot of
a fox.
Prise, n. a lever, a purchase obtained
by leverage.
Prise, v.t. to employ leverage on any
object ; as, " To prise open a box."
Proas, n. talk, conversation of a gos-
siping order. [Pross is the usual
form. Ed.]
Prod, n. any sharp-pointed instrument.
Dan. prod.
Prod, v.t. to thrust, to poke, or push.
Proddle, v.t. (1) to thrust. (2) To make
holes.
Pross, v.i. to look big and of consequence.
Prossin', adj. bumptious.
Prossy, adj. consequential-looking.
Prou, interj. a call to cattle when loiter-
ing to urge them to go faster.
Proud, adj. (1) luxuriant. "T' field's
gay proud " = In good condition. (2)
Full, high. " That joint's too proud"
= Too full or prominent ; said of
mares. (3) Swelling. (4) Maris ap-
petens.
Prouk, v.t. to decorate, to dress in a
showy, affected manner,
Prouler, n. a thief.
Proven [a form of Provand, O.E. pro-
vende, from Lat. prmbendum, Ed.], n.
provender, provision.
Prow, v.t. to dig or throw up mould, to
root amongst anything.
Pubble, adj. plump, full ; spoken of
corn or fruit.
Pudder, n. confusion, bother.
Pudding-kite, n. a young bird just out
of the shell.
Puddins, n. the intestines.
Pudgy, adj. short and stout.
Pug-feyaced, adj. monkey-faced.
Puke, n. an emetic.
Pum, v.t. to beat or thump. "Pum him
weel, he desarves it."
Pumhead, n. (1) a sort of limber-handled
bat to strike the knor in the game
Spell and knor. (2) A stupid fellow,
a blockhead. " Thou girt pumheyad?
Pummer, n. anything big or large.
"Eeh, what a, pummer."
Pump, v.i. pedere.
Pump, n. crepitus ventris.
Punch, v.t. to kick with the feet.
Punch, n. a hard kick with the foot.
Punfaad (Corr. of pinfold), n. a pound
for cattle.
Piirdy, n. a short, broad, fat person.
Purely, adj. hearty, nicely, quite well.
Purtenance, n. an animal's intestines.
Push-pin, n. a name for a child's play,
in which pins are pushed with an
endeavour to cross them.
Pussomed, p.p. poisoned.
Put, n. a game at cards.
Put, v.t. to push or butt with the horns,
as cattle do. W. pwtiaw, to poke or
thrust against, Gael, put, push or
thrust, M. puth, to push, Fin. pusken,
cornibus peto vel ferio, ut taurus.
^if }\i meputtest in >et e?e (if thou
thrustest me in the eye) occurs in
Old English Homilies (E.E.T.S.) at
p. 15. Ed.]
Put about, To. To give trouble or
concern to, to teaze or worry.
Put on, To. To manage or contrive a
subsistence.
Putre, v.i. to cry, to whimper.
Putt en, p.p. of To put.
Putter, n. a butting cow or bull. Gael.
putair, one who pushes. See Put.
Putt ey- cow, n. a butting cow.
Puttin'-on, n. a bare state of existence.
" If a can but addle his cleyaz and
keep, it'll be a puttin-on" = If he can
earn no more than his clothes and
his food it will support him : until
he can obtain some better situation,
say.
Puzzen, Corr. of poison.
Puzzum, n. poison.
Puzzum, v.t. to poison.
Puzzumful, adj. poisonous.
Pyche, n. a beehive.
Pymag, n. a magpie.
65
QU
RA
Quag, n. a bog or quagmire.
Quail, v.i. to fail, to fall sick, to faint.
Quake, n. tremor, fear, trembling.
Quality- j gj£k j n. gentry.
Quarrel. See Wharrel.
Quarl, Pr. of quarrel.
Quarrier, n. a worker at a quarry.
Querk, n. a moulding in joinery.
Querk, v.t. to cheat, to over-reach.
Quern, n. a hand-mill for grinding corn.
Quiet, adj. gentlemanly.
Quieten, v.t. to make quiet, to soothe.
Quilt, v.t. to beat.
Quit, v.t. to give notice to quit, to re-
move by force. "I'll quit him"=I
will get rid of him.
Quite better, entirely recovered.
Quod, v.i. to fish for eels with worms
tied on worsted.
R
Ra, Pr. of roe, the species of deer.
Raa, Pr. of row, a rank or line.
Raa, Pr. of raw. Cf. Dan. raa, raw,
crude.
Raan-tree, ) n. the mountain ash. (Sor-
Roan-tree, ] bus aucuparia, Linn.).
Rabbet, v.t. When two boards, cut on
the edges with a rabbet plane, are
lapped with the edges one over
another, this lapping over is called
rabbeting. (Quoted from Halliwell).
O.Fr. raboter, to plane, level, or lay
even, to smooth.
Rabble, v.i. (1) to talk rapidly or con-
fusedly. Du. rabbelen, to chatter, to
trifle. (2) In sewing, to take too
long stitches, and without due care
to finish the work neatly.
Rabblement, n. a low mob.
Rabblin', adj. winding, irregular, zig-
zag. "A lang rabblin' looan or vil-
lage'^ A long uneven lane or village
with irregularly- built houses.
Race, n. a small stream, a mill-lead.
Rack, n. the clouds driven along by
the wind.
Rack of eye, To work by. To be
guided by the eye in the execution
of work done.
Racken, Corr. of reckon.
Racken-creak, n. a crook to hang on
a fire-crane for hanging pots and
pans on.
66
Rackle, n. noisy talk.
Rackle, adj. rude, unruly, unmanage-
able, lecherous.
Rackless. A form of reckless.
Raddle, v.t. to wattle, as thorns for a
staff and band hedge.
Raddle, v.t. to banter.
Raddles, n. long pieces of underwood
twisted between upright stakes to
form a fence.
Raddling, n. wattling. M. radling,
pales, railing.
Raff, n. scum, refuse.
Raff, adj. idle, dissolute.
Raffles, n. plays with dice. 0. Fr. raffle,
a game with three dice, wherein he
that throws all three alike wins what-
ever is set.
Rag, n. a mist or drizzling rain.
Rag, v.t. to scold, to abuse.
Ragabrash, n. an idle, mean, impudent
person.
Rageous, adj. in a rage, in excessive
pain, violent, furious,
Raggard, n. a wicked and abandoned
wretch.
Raggaly, adj. villanous.
Ragged-robins, n. beggarly, discredit-
able people. " Yer a set o' ragged-
robins"
Raggy, adj. a term applied to a drizzly
day accompanied with frost.
Raise, n. a cairn of stones.
Raise, v.t. to make additional loops in
knitting a stocking.
Rait, v.t. to dissipate the sap of vege-
tables by exposing them to the
weather. Hay is said to be raited
when it has been much exposed
to an alternation of wet and dry
weather.
Rake, n. (1) a rut, crack, crevice, or
streak. Fin. rake, fissura, ruptura,
rima. (2) A strip of ground, usually
covered with smooth sward, but
sometimes strewn with stones, lying
on the side of a hill, and sunk below
the level of the neighbouring parts ;
as, Outrake, in Coniston Fells. (3) A
stray or privilege for cattle to de-
pasture.
Rallock, v.t. to romp, to rollick.
Ram, adj. acrid, fetid, having a strong
smell or taste. Isl. rammr, Dan. ram,
acrid, rank, Sw. ramslok, bear-garlick.
Rame, ) v.i. to sprawl out the hands
Raum, ) and arms as in reaching
something, (a as in father).
RA
BE
Rammish, adj. rank, acrid, pungent.
O. N. rammr, amarus, Sw. ram.
Rammish, adj. violent. O.N. ramr,
fortis, robustus.
Ramp, ) n. a strong smelling plant
Ramps, ) with a white flower, wild
garlic.
Rampageous, adj. riotous, furious,
boisterous.
Ramp and reyav, To. To be in a violent
passion.
Ramscallion, n. a low, dirty fellow.
Ramshackle, adj. ill-adjusted, dis-
orderly, confused and obstructed in
motion.
Ran-dan, n. a noise, an uproar. " To be
on the Ran-dan " = To be carousing
and playing the fool.
Rank, adj. thick, full, abundant. A.S.
ranc, proud, rank, fruitful.
Rannel-balk, n. a piece of wood in a
chimney to hang crooks upon.
Ran-tan, n. a loud and long knocking
at a door.
R antipole, n. a rude, romping child.
Ranty, adj. (1) wild, frisky, lecherous.
(2) Angry, mad.
Rape, n. a species of turnip. Dan.
rapsced, rape (Brassica rapa).
Rappin', adj. large.
Raps, n. news. " What raps 1 "=What
have you in the way of news ?
Rapscallion, n. a low vagabond.
Rear C a(^' underdone, raw"'
Rarely, adj. quite well in health.
Rascal, n. a lean animal. A.S. rascal,
a lean, worthless deer.
Rascot, ) t t
Raskelt, J?*- a rascal, a knave.
Rasp, n. a raspberry.
Ratch, v.i. to tell great falsehoods.
Ratch, v.t. to stretch, to strain, to
make bigger or widen.
Rate, v.i. to become rotten. See Rait.
Rated, adj. careworn.
Ratey, adj. rough, tempestuous ; of
the weather.
Ratten, n. a rat.
Rattipelt, n. a rough, noisy child.
Rattle, v.t. to beat or thrash.
Rattle-can, n. a talkative person.
Rattlepate, n. a giddy, chattering
person.
Ravel, v.t. to entangle.
J Rawky, adj. raw and cold,
1 Rawp, n. a hoarseness.
Ray, n. a diarrhoea.
Reach, n. a division of a valley made
by the projection of the surrounding
hills.
Reach to, v.i. to reach out one's hand
so as to help oneself. Thus if you
say to a countryman, " Shall I help
you to some of this ? " his reply will
probably be, " No, thank you ; I'll
reach to.
Read, v.t. to comb the hair. "It's
seya cotter'd at I cannet read it "=
the hair is so entangled that I cannot
comb it.
Ream, n. cream.
Ream. See Rame.
Rean, n. (1) a division running between
the dales in common fields ; also
balks or portions of grass land in
arable fields. (2) A strip of land left
to mark the boundary of a field, a
ridge or balk. Belg. reyn, a bound
or limit, O.N. rein, tenue spatiolum
terras in longum porrectum.
Rear, (1) v.t. to lay timber on a new
building, to raise ; especially applied
to the woodwork of a roof. (2) v.i.
To rise up before the plough as the
furrows sometimes do in ploughing.
Rearin', n. the act of raising.
Rearing-feast, n. a supper or feast
given to the workmen when the roof
is reared or put on the house.
Resisted, adj. tired, unwilling to do
anything.
Reasty, adj. (1) stubborn, inclined to
resist, restive. (2) Rancid.
Reat, Pr. of root.
Reatwelt, n. See Rootwelt.
Reb, Pr. of rib. O. Fris. reb.
Reckan, n. a hook for pots.
Recklin'. See Wreckling.
Reckon, v.t. to think or guess.
Red, pret. of To ride.
Red, v.t. to put in order, to clear or
put to rights. " To red up t' house."
S.G. reda, explicare, to set in order,
to arrange.
Red, n. ruddle for marking sheep. W.
rhudd, a red or crimson colour, Sw.
rod, red.
Reddle, ) n. a red ochrey kind of stone
Ruddle, \ with which sheep are
marked. \rhidyll.
Reddle (Pr. of riddle), n. a sieve. W.
Reddle, v.t. to riddle.
Reddlin', n. a riddle, a puzzle.
Redshanks, n. a name appled to more
than one species of polygonum.
67
RE
RO
Red-staiyaks, ) n. the stakes to which
Rud-staiyaks, ] cows are fastened in
the cow-house.
Redtail, n. the redstart.
Redwater, n. a disease to which cattle
are subject.
Ree, v.t. to shake corn in a sieve.
Reeden, adj. See Wreeden.
Reein-sieve, n. a sieve for corn made
of cane, used before the invention of
winnowing machines.
Reek, n. (1) smoke, vapour, or mist.
(2) Odour, smell. O.N. reyMr, fumus,
A.S. rdec, smoke, vapour, N.Fris. rek.
Reek, v.i. to smoke. O.N. rjtika,
fumum emittere, A.S. reacan, to
smoke, O.Fris. reku, N.Fris. riecke,
Dan. ryge.
Reested, adj. rancid, spoiled, as bacon
from being badly kept.
Reet, Pr. of right.
Reetle, v.t. to put to rights, to repair.
Reft, Pr. of rift.
Reish, n. a rush.
Reish-bearin'. See Rush-bearing.
Ren, v.i. to run. O.N. renna, currere,
A.S. rennan, to run, to flow, S.G.
renna, currere, Sw. ranna, to run>
M.G. rinnan.
Renable, adj. loquacious, and never at a
a stop or inconsistent in telling a story.
Rench, ) ^ c •
Reuse, j Corr- of nnse'
Render, v.t. to melt, as lard, etc. Isl.
rinde, liquefacere (Dr. Jamieson). ,
Renner, n. a runner.
Renners, n. frequenters;
Rensin'
a cleaning out. Sw. rens-
ning, cleansing, purgation.
Repple. A form of Ripple.
Ret, v.t. to soak in water.
Revestry, n. an apartment in a church
where the priest puts on his sacred
garments. The word is used in the
"Old Churche Boke " of Cartmel,
containing churchwardens' accounts,
etc., commencing 1597.
Reyak, Pr. of rake.
Reyak-stele, n. the handle of a rake.
Ribs, n. stout pieces of timber laid on
the principals of a roof, and on which
the spars are fastened.
Rick, n. a stack of hay.
Rid, v.t. (1) to get rid of. (2) To clear
anything (of litter), to remove or
take away.
Riddle, n. a coarse sieve. W. rhidyll,
a sieve.
68
Riddle -bread, n. thick, sour-leavened
oat-cakes, shaken on a chequered
backboard before being thrown on
on the Backstan. See Backboord.
Riddling, n. a riddle.
Rife, adj. (1) abounding, prevalent. (2)
Beady, quick to learn.
Rift, v.i. to belch. Dan. rcebe.
Rift, n. an eructation. Dan. rceben.
Rig, n. a ridge or elevated part of a
ploughed held, upon which the
sheaves of corn are arranged after
having been cut and bound up.
Rig-beyan, n. the back-bone.
Riggin', n. the ridge of a house or
other roof.
Riggin' -steyans, n. stones (of the shape
of the letter V in section) placed on
the last rows of slates on the ridge
of a house to keep them secure.
Riggin' -tree, n. the most elevated piece
of timber in the angle or roof of a
house.
Riggish, adj. wanton.
Rigg'lt, n. an imperfect ram, or other
animal half castrated.
Right-down, adj. downright.
Rim, n. the membrane enclosing the
intestines.
Rimer, n. a tool used for enlarging
screw-holes in metal or wood.
Ring-clogs, n. a pair of shoes with
wooden soles and bound round the
edges with hoop-iron called the ring.
Rip, v.i. to rate or chide, to be very
violent.
Ripple, v.t. to scratch slightly.
Ripple, n. a slight scratch.
Rit, v.t. to make a mark.
Rither, n. an instrument to nick out
sods all of a size.
Rive, n. a rent or tear. O.N. rifa,
rima, fissura.
Rive, v.t. (pret. rove, p.p. row'n) (1) to
tear, to split. (2) To eat ravenously.
Roaky, ) adj. hoarse. G. rocach, hav-
Rooky, \ ing a hoarse voice, Fin.
rSkhd, tussis rauca.
Roan -berry, n. the berry of the moun-
tain ash. Dan. ronneboer.
Roan-tree, n. the mountain ash (Sor-
bus aucuparia).
Robin-run-i'-th'-hedge, n. the plant
bedstraw. Fr. Bon Robin.
Rock, n. a distaff, or the stick to which
flax was fastened when spinning by
the hand. N.Fris. rdk or rok, S.G.
rock, a distaff, Dan. rok} a spinning-
wheel.
RO
SA
Rocking, pcpl. walking with alternate
sideway motion.
Rodden, n. a rat. M. roddan.
Roggle, v.t. to shake. O.N. rugl, per-
turbatio.
Roke, n. fog or mist.
Rokelay, n. a cloak. Fr. roquelaire.
Roky, adj. misty, drizzly, smoky.
Rollock, n. a rowlock. M. rollag, the
hollow an oar works in in the gun-
wale of a boat.
Romps, n. a rude and turbulent girl.
Rone, n. the roe of a fish.
Rood, n. in long measure, 7 yards in
length, (n. 6^ yards in length).
Rook, n. a heap. S.G. rbk and rulca,
ruga, cumulus, acervus.
Roop, n. a hoarseness.
Rootwelt, n. opening the ends of
sheaves of corn, and exposing them
to the wind.
Roper, n. a rope-maker.
Ropy, adj. viscous, glutinous.
Rosin, v.i. to be addicted to drinking
intoxicating liquor. "He rosins hard"
= He drinks hard. Sw. rusa, to fuddle.
Rosin-end, n. a shoemaker's thread.
Rosined, adj. tipsy. Sw. rusig, gone in
drink, from rus, a drunken fit,
drunkenness, Dan. rusende, fuddled,
intoxicated.
Rossel, (1) v.t. to heat, to roast. "To
rossel one's shins." (2) v.i. To bask
over a fire.
Rosselled, adj. decayed. Wood in the
course of decaying is said to be
rosselled.
Rosselled, adj. inflamed with liquor.
Rostle, v.t. to stir up.
Rough, v.t. to make horses' shoes rough
in frosty weather.
Rough-spun, adj. rude, unpolished.
Rouse, v.t. to shake and flutter (in
hawking).
Rousty, Pr. of rusty.
Rove, pret. of To rive.
Rovv'n, p.p. of To rive.
Rowley-powley, n. a game formerly
practised at fairs and races.
Roy, v.i. to swagger, to boast, to domi-
neer, to indulge in convivial mirth.
N.Fris. roy,
Royle, v.i. to bluster or roar in a
boisterous manner.
Ruck, n. a heap of stones,
Ruck, O of a. Suddenly; all in a
heap, disorderly.
Ruck, n. a rut in a road.
Rud, n. rudddle for sheep. See Reddle.
Ruddle, v.t. to wattle with split sticks.
Rud-staiyak. See Red-staiyak.
Rue-bargain, n. (1) a bargain repented
of. When a man withdraws his banns
of marriage it is spoken of as a rue-
bargain. (2) Something given to be
off an agreement.
Ruff, v.t. to trump or renounce at cards.
Ruffiner, ) m
RufflngeV,r-aruffiim-
Rum, n. the step of a ladder.
Rumgumptious, adj. violent, bold and
rash, boisterous.
Rummuck, v.i. to romp boisterously.
Rungs, n. the round steps of a ladder.
G. rong, a joining spar, any piece of
wood by which others are joined,
N. Fris. rung, a pin or bolt of a car-
riage, M.G. rung.
Run-out, adj. exhausted ; applied to
overcropped land.
Runt, n. (1) a stout dwarf, a stunted
animal or tree. Fin. runto, truncus
corporis major. (2) A Scotch ox or
cow. Du. rund, a runt, bullock or ox.
Runty, adj. dwarfish, little, short and
stout. Fin. runtewa, corpulentus,
robustus.
Rush-bearin', n. carrying the rushes
to cover the floor of the church.
Russeler, Corr. of wrestler.
Rust, n. the mildew of wheat.
Ruttle, v.i. (1) to rattle. (2) To breathe
with difficulty, and with noise in the
throat, like a dying person.
Ryes, n. the stalks of potatoes.
Sa, Pr. of so.
Saant, Corr. of shall not. " Thou
saant du it."
Sack, To get the. To be turned out
of employ.
Sackless, adj. dejected, spiritless, help-
less. A.S. sacleds, quiet, O.N. sak-
lauss, innocens.
Sad, adj. heavy, solid ; said of bread
when heavy, or of hay when very
close and firm. W. sad, firm.
Sad-bad, adj. very ill.
Saddle-pow, n. the saddle-bow, or the
piece which forms the front of the
saddle. O.N, sbdulbogi, A.S.
boga, Sw. sadelbom, saddle-bow.
Sadness, n. gravity, seriousness.
SA
sc
ig, v.i. to hang down heavily, as
oppressed by weight.
n. a saw ; the g hard.
Said, p.p. of say ; influenced, deterred.
"He's varra wilfle, he'll net be said"
=He will not be obedient.
Saim, n. lard, fat. W. saim.
Saint John, n. a double nut, apple, etc.
Saint Mary's nut, n. a triple nut.
Sairy, adj. (1) poor, helpless. (2) In-
considerable, exceedingly small.
Saiyar (Pr. of sore), adj. grieved.
Sal. A form of shall. "Thou mZ duit."
Salamander, n. a large poker used for
lighting fires.
Sallet, n. a salad.
Sam, v.t. to collect together.
Sam, adv. See Ham-sam.
Samel, n. (1) gritty, sandy earth, mixed
with lime for mortar. (2) A kind of
loamy gravel used for puddling.
Sammin', n. a collecting or laying to-
gether.
Sang, By my. A north country ex-
clamation of revenge or defiance.
Sapless, adj. foolish, silly, witless.
Sappin', n. a drenching.
Sappy, adj. moist.
Sap-whistle, n. a whistle made of sappy
wood.
Sark, n. a shirt or woman's shift. A.S.
sere, N.Fris. serk, Sw. sark, smock,
shift, Dan. scerk.
Sarra, (1) v.i. to suffice. (2) v.t. To
serve, to supply. " He's tu sarra t'
Pig-"
Sarrah, n. an unmanageable scamp.
Sart, adv. certainly.
Sary-man. An expression of pity.
Sattle, v.i. to settle, to lower. "Corn
begins to sattle."
Sauer (Pr. of sour), adj. Said of blue
coarse grass, which cattle will not
eat if they can help it.
Sauer-dock, n. sorrel. "W. swan, sour
plant, sorrel.
Sauer-doff (Pr. of sour dough), n.
leaven.
Sauer-milk, n. butter-milk ; also called
Churn-milk.
Saurin', n. vinegar.
Saut-pie, n. a box for salt,
Sauve, Pr. of salve.
Savver (Pr. of savour), n. a taste or
smell.
Sawk, Corr. of suck.
70
Say, n. (1) influence. " Heez girt say
i' t' parish." (2) Expression of
opinion. " I'll hev mi say."
Scabbings, n. chippings of stone.
Scabble, v. t. to rough-hew stone.
Scabby, adj. stingy, shabby.
Scald, adj. scabby, particularly in the
head. Cf. Gael, sgall, baldness.
Scale, v.t. to spread, to disperse.
Scale t' bars, To. To clear the fire or
grate.
Scallops, n. an awkward wench, an
untidy romp.
Scape -gallows, n. a bad fellow, one who
has narrowly escaped the gallows.
Scar, ) n. line of rock bare of vege-
Scar, ) adj. wild, timid, shy. O.N.
Scare, \ slcjarr, timidus, pavidus, f ugax.
Scarce, adj. sparing.
Scar'd, adj. scared, frightened.
Scarified, adj. frightened.
Scarn, n. dung of cattle. AS. secern,
Isl. skarn, dung, etc.
Scaud, Pr. of scald.
Scaud-heead, n. ringworm on the head.
Scaup (Pr. of scalp), n. head, scull.
Scaup, n. land at or near the top of a
hill, the chief characteristic of which
is bare thin soil.
Scaupy, adj. bare, covered with only a
little soil. "A scaupy field" — one
with little soil.
Scog, n. a sheltered place.
Scoggers, n. stockings with the feet
cut off, and worn on the arms.
Sconce, n. (1) a high-backed seat. (2)
A screen to draw between the door
and fire to keep out the wind. (3)
The head, the pate.
Scoo, n. a swarm, a great number, a
shoal. Gael, sgaoth, M. skyoll, a great
deal, a large quantity.
Scopperel, n. (1) a round flat piece of
bone with a hole in the centre. " It
spins like a scopperel." (2) A light
agile child.
!££}»• a slide.
Scur \ v'*" ^° s^e- Gael, sgiorr, slide.
Score, n. twenty yards, a term used for
distances in the game of Spell and
knor.
Score, n. twenty pounds weight.
Scot, ) v.t. to stop the wheel of a
Scotch, ] coach or waggon with a
stone, etc.
sc
SE
Scot, n. a Scotch cow.
Scotty-kye, n. Scotch cattle.
Scoup, n. a scoop.
Scour, v.t. "To scour a hedge "= To
deepen the ditch, and to breast up
the hedge with the soil taken out ;
also, to clean out ponds.
Scout, n. a high rock.
•Scowder, n. a bustle, confusion.
Scowder'd, adj. over-heated with work-
ing.
Scraal, v.i. to live on uncertain wages,
to make a scanty subsistence.
Scraalin', adj. (1) sprawling. (2) Liv-
ing from hand to mouth.
Scraamb, v.t. to pull or rake together
with the hands.
Scra.ffle, n, a scramble.
Scraffle, v.i. (1) to act unfairly by re-
ceding from a promise . (2) To quarrel.
Scrafflehorn, n. a restless, worthless
fellow relying on shifts and expedients.
Scraffling, adj. trifling, living from hand
to mouth. S.G. shraf, nugse.
Scrag, a lean, thin person. N.Fris.
shrog, an insignificant person, nothing
but skin and bone.
Scraggelt, n. a worthless fellow.
Scrap, n. a place spread with grain as
a lure for small birds.
Scrat, v.t. to scratch.
Scrat, n. (1) a scratch. (2) A miserly
fellow living on scratchings and par-
ings. (3) The itch. " He's gitten t'
scrat."
Scrat, Oud : the devil. O.S. skratten,
O.N. skrattin, the devil.
Scratchings, n. scraps of tallow and
skin left on melting, and made into
cakes for dogs' food.
Screak, v.i. to screech, to creak as a
door.
Screed, n. a rent, shred, or fragment ;
chiefly applied to clothing materials.
A dressmaker will say, " There's not
a screed left, M'm." A.S. screade, a
shred, Gael, sgrait, a shred or rag,
O.Fris. shred.
Screened, adj. sifted.
Screes, n. loose stones detached and
fallen from a scar or precipice.
Scribe, v.t. to make marks with the
appropriate instrument, as carpenters
do.
Scribe, n. an instrument used to num-
ber and mark wood or trees.
Scrimp, v.i. to spare, to pinch.
Scrimpin', adj. niggardly, pinching.
Scrimpy, adj. small, pinching.
Scroggy, adj. abounding in stunted
underwood.
Scrogs, n. stunted bushes.
Scrooby, n. a decoction of various kinds
of young herbs, made in spring as
an antiscorbutic.
Scrouge, v.t. to squeeze.
Scrow, v.t. to toil hard for a living.
Scrow, n. uproar, confusion ; often ap-
plied to a thorough cleaning.
Scruff, n. the nape of the neck.
Scrunch, v.t. to cranch, to crush.
Scrunchlin', n. a small, green shrivelled
apple.
Scrunty, adj. low, short, stunted ; of
trees.
Scry, v.t. to descry.
Scud, n. (1) a slight, rapid shower. (2)
Slight clouds showing the direction
of the wind.
Scuff, n. the back part of the neck.
Scuffle, n. a garden hoe.
Scuffle, n. a linen garment worn by
children to keep their clothes clean,
a pinafore.
Scuffler, n. a sort of plough for clean-
ing between turnip ridges.
Scug, v.i. to hide.
Scug, n. a sheltered place. O.N. slcyggja,
to over-shadow, Sw. skugga, to shadow.
Scun, v.t. to throw a stone.
Scur. See Skir.
Scurrick, n. a small piece. M. sJcirrag,
a splinter.
Scutter, n. watery excrement of cattle.
Scutter, v.i. to run away quickly.
Scuttle, v.i. to walk fast. " He scuttles
away."
Scuttle, n. a shallow basket much in
use in the barn, and in other depart-
ments of husbandry.
Scutty, adj. (1) short. (2) Short-tailed.
"W. cwt, short.
Sea-coaf, Pr. of sea-calf.
Sea-gor, n. a sea-gull. See also Gor.
Seal, n. a willow tree.
Seams, n. the marks of small-pox.
Sea-nag, n. a ship.
Sea-pie, n. the oyster-catcher (Hamia-
topus ostralegus).
Sea-pink, n. the small pink flower com-
mon at the sea-side, the plant thrift.
Searching, adj. keen, piercing ; of the
wind.
Seat, Pr. of soot.
Sea-tangle, n. sea- weed. O.N. yaungull,
fucus.
71
SE
SH
Seek, Pr. of sack. [sceccing.
Seckin(g), n. canvass for sacks. A.S.
Seconds, n. second-rate flour.
Seed-maund, n. a seed-basket used by
sowers.
Seedness, n. seed-time.
Seeds, n. young grasses, land newly-
laid to grass.
Seeds, n. busks of oats, called also
mill-seeds. [ing a bare.
See-bo ! interj. an exclamation on start-
Seem, v.t. to become. O.N. scema, de-
cere. " It seems ya weel : " of a be-
coming article of dress ; "It wod
seem tha better " = It would be more
becoming in you. O.N. betr scemdi
yd)', potius te deceret, tibi conveniret.
See-saw, n. tbe cbild's play, cats-cradle.
Seetre (pr. see-tree), n. clotb worn
threadbare.
Seg, n. a castrated bull.
Seg, n. a bard, horny part of the skin
of the bands or feet.
Seggy, adj. hard and callous, as the
skin in# the palm of a workman's
hand, or on the bottom of the feet
of those who go barefoot.
Seigh, v.i. (1) to stretch or bulge out.
(2) To hang down heavily, as op-
pressed by weight.
Sel, Corr. of self.
£8T,,|i»*«*T0«n.
Semly, Corr. of assembly.
Sen, adv. since.
Serve, v.t. to feed, animals namely.
Service -silver, n. a rent paid in Cart-
mel, before land was enfranchised, in
lieu of work liable to be done by
copyhold tenants for the Lord of the
Manor.
Set, n. a young plant or shoot, a piece
of potatoe with an eye in it for
planting.
Set, (1) v.t. to appoint, to fix ; as, " I set
Thorsda for dun it." (2) To let. (3)
To accompany any one on his way-
(4) v.i. To settle, to bind as gravel
on walks when it beomes solid.
Setten, p.p. of To set.
Setten-on, adj. short in growth.
Settle, n. a seat or form near the fire-
place in old farm houses. A.S. scetel,
setel, a seat.
Settle-stans, n. stones at the edge of a
gutter in a cow-house.
Sew, pret. of To sow.
Sew. See Fig-sew.
72
Shaade, adj. shallow.
Shaams, interj. See example : "What
the shaams, you ought to be ashamed !"
Shab-rag, n. a mean, beggarly person.
Shack, Pr. of shake.
Shack, n. a shake, of the health namely.
" T ' faiver's gin him a terb'l shack "
= The fever has given his consti-
tution or health a terrible shake.
Shacken-brained, adj. disordered in
intellect.
Shack-fork, n. a wooden fork for shaking
straw on a barn floor.
Shackle, n. (1) the wrist. (2) An iron
loop moving on a bolt. (3) A cow
chain.
Shade, n. a shed.
Shaewl, v.i. to straddle with the feet
in walking. See Shool, of which
this is simply a phonetic form.
Shaff, n. nonsense, stupid talk.
Shaffle, v.i. to do things ineffectually.
Shafflehorn, n. a slow and dull ineffi-
cient person.
Shafflement, n. insignificant people.
Shaffler, n. (1) a bungler. (2) One who
walks lame.
Snaffling, adj. indolent, awkward, in-
significant.
Shag, n. (1) a slice of bread or cheese.
(2) A kind of cloth.
Shag-hat, n. a sort of hat made very
long in the down.
Shally-wally, n. (1) a term of con-
tempt. (2) Also nonsense.
Sham, Pr. of shame.
Sham, v.i. to blush with sbame.
Shamble, v.i. to walk awkwardly.
Shanks-galloway, To ride. To go on
foot.
Shanks-nag, v.i. to travel on foot.
Shanty, adj. smart, gay, neat.
Shap (Pr. of shape), v.t. (1) to begin, to
commence. (2) To be active ; as,
"Shap it "=Be quick.
Shappin, pcpl. engaged in doing.
"What's ta shappin now?"=How
are you now employed ?
Shaps, n. oats, which look well to the
eye, but are in fact without grain in
the husks or receptacles.
Shard, n. cow-dung.
Sharn, n. cow-dung. A.S. scZarn, O.N.
sham, stercus, sordes, S.G. skarn,
dirt, filth, Sw. skarn, ordure, filth.
Sharp, adj. (1) pungent in taste. (2)
Quick, active ; as, "Be sharp "=Be
quick, make haste.
SH
SH
Sharps, n. flour with a portion of bran
in it.
Shaws, n. the tops of turnips.
Shear, v.t. to reap. A.S. sceran, O.Fris.
schera.
Shearer, n. a reaper.
Shearling, n. a sheep only once shorn.
Sheath (Pr. of sheath), the prepuce of
an animal. A.S. sceaft.
Shed, v.t. to surpass, to excel.
Sheep-cratch, n. a frame of wood on
which sheep are laid. See Cratch.
Sheep-gate, n, a right of stray for one
Sheep-shearin(g), n. the time of year
when sheep are shorn.
Sheer, adj. absolute, mere, pure. O.N.
skirr, purus, clarus, S.G. skcer, lucidus,
purus, Dan. sheer, sheer, pure.
Sheeve, n. a pulley.
Shefte, v.i. to move about.
Shell, To play = To call seriously to
account, to chastise.
Shepster, n. a starling.
Sherk, v.t. to cheat.
Shewl, v.i. to walk badly. See Shaewl,
Shool.
Shift, v.i. to remove one's dwelling.
Shilf, Pr. of shelf.
Shill, v.t. to shell, to strip off the shell.
Shilla, n. the loose stones on the sea-
beach, the stony sea-beach. M. shillee,
an assemblage of loose stones.
Shilled, p.p. shelled.
Shilvin's (Corr. of shelvings), n. pi. a
wooden frame to fix on the top of a
cart in order to extend its size, and
enable larger loads of corn, hay, straw,
thorns, etc. to be carried.
Shiner, n. (1) a clever fellow. (2) A
court-card. " He's a shiner, but he's
nayder a king nor a queen ; " said of a
person who, it is meant to be insinu-
ated, is a knave. [ball.
Shinner, n. a kick on the shins, at foot-
Shippon, n. a cow-house.
Shircock, n. the missel-thrush,
Shirl, v.i. to slide.
Shirl, adj. shrill.
Shirlin's, n. the fleeces of lambs.
Shive, n. a slice, a round or cut off a
loaf. " I'll net give t' leyaf an' beg
t' shive" =1 will not give the loaf and
beg the slice. Pro v. expression im-
plying a determination not to give
away one's substance, and accept
such a pittance for income as the
donee might think fit.
Shives, Corr. of chives.
Shoo, \vron' she'
Shoe a person, To. To know how to
please him.
Shoe-horn, n. a puffer at an auction.
Shoes straight, To tread one's. To
be circumspect.
Shoe-whang, n. a leather thong with
which shoes are tied. A.S. sceo\wang,
a shoe-thong or tie, S.G. skotw&nge.
Shog, v.i. to move easily, to jog.
Shooder, Pr. of shoulder.
Shool, Pr. of shovel.
Shool, v.i. (1) to drag the feet. (2) To
sponge, to intrude oneself uninvited.
Shooler, n. a sponging, lazy fellow.
Shoolin's, n. road scrapings.
Shoon, n. pi. shoes. A.S. sceon.
Shoot, v.t. to select out the worst cattle
from a drove. " I'll gie ya fifteen
shillin a-piece for thore hundred
cows, an ya'll let ma shoot ten on
'em."
Shore, v.t. to prop up. *
Shorl, v.t. to cut with shears.
Short, adj. (1) light and crisp. (2)
Peevish, cross.
Shortly, adv. quickly, peevishly.
Short of puff, short or scant of breath.
Short-waisted, adj. angry, tetchy.
Shot, n. a reckoning at an inn. 0. Fris.
shot, Du. schot, shot or score to pay,
as for a repast.
Shot at, I waint stand ta be. I will
not stand my bid merely to let the
seller try to get a better offer.
Shot-ice, n. (1) rotten ice. (2) The
sheets of ice which form on roads.
Shots, n. the refuse of cattle from a
drove. See Shoot.
Shoup, n. the fruit of the dogrose.
[This word takes several forms, as
choup or choop, jump, jug, and is due
to the same origin as Sw. hjupon, N.
hjupa or kjupa. The A.S. form is
Mop, E, hip or hep. Ed.]
Shruff, n. light rubbish, wood or peat
for fuel.
Shuffly-booard, ) n. a battledore and
Shuffly-cock, ) shuttlecock.
Shuppen (Pr. of shippen), n. a cow-
house. A.S. scypen, a stall, a shed.
Shut of, To get. To get rid of. Sw.
shjuta, trudere.
Shut, v.i. to be extravagant, to make
away money extravagantly. " He
shut his brass in no time."
73
SH
SI
Shuttance, n. riddance.
Shutting-in, n. the evening.
Sib, adj. related, allied. AS. sib, re-
lation, alliance, O.Fris. sibbe, related,
O.N. sifi, cognatus, S.G. sif.
Sibble, v.t. to sip.
Sic,
Sik,
?'. such.
Sic like, adj. such like.
Sid (Corr. of seed), pret. of To see.
Siddhers, Corr. of scissors.
Side, adj. long, wide, large. "This
gown's raydher too side afore "=Too
long in front.
Side, v.t. to set things aside, or out of
the way, to set in order.
Side, n. district at the foot of a moun-
tain in a valley. "0' t' fell side."
O.N. fjal-sida, latus montium.
Side-booards, n. moveable boards to
heighten the sides of a cart.
Side-lands, n. the outside parts of a
ploughed field, adjoining the hedges
which run parallel with the lands
or ridges.
Sider, n. an orderly person. " She's a
girt sider "= One who diligently puts
things in order.
Sidesmen, n. assistants to churchwar-
dens in managing charities, etc.
Side-wipe, n. an indirect censure.
Sidle, v.i. to go sideways, to walk in an
affected way. (2) To saunter idly
about as from bashfulness.
Sidle about a place, To. To lurk or
skulk about.
Sidle about a person, To. To attend
him obsequiously.
Sie, n. a drop.
Sighty, adj. (1) glittering, shining. (2)
Quick at seeing how a thing ought to
be done.
Sike, n. a water-course in swampy
ground. A.S. sich, O.N. sik, canalis.
Sile, v.t. (1) to strain through a sieve.
(2) To skim. (3) To rain continu-
ously. " It rains and siles." Dan.
sile, Sw. sila, colare, Gael, sil, drop,
distil.
Sile, n. a fine wire sieve, chiefly for
straining milk through directly it
has come from the cow, to clear it
of hairs, etc.
Silin-dish, n. a milk-strainer.
Sill, n. (1) the stone that runs along the
bottom of a window. (2) The stone
74
that runs along the bottom of the
gates of a dock or lock. O.Fris. sil,
sill of a dock, A.S. syl, a sill, a
ground post, S.G. syll, limen, hy-
pothyrum.
Sill-horse, n. the shaft-horse.
Sillin', adj. of a horse backing against
the shafts of a vehicle.
Sills, n. the shafts of a vehicle.
Silly, adj. insane.
Simlin', n. a kind of fine cake. Cf. Dan.
simle, a roll of bread.
Simples, To want nicking for the.
Said of persons who do foolish things.
Sin, adv. since. " It's a gud lang time
sin,, = It,s a good long time since.
Sind, v.t. to wash down, to rinse.
Sine, v.i. to leave off milking a cow.
Sine-tree, n. the centerings of an arch.
Singlet, n. an unlined under-waistcoat.
Sinify, Corr. of signify.
Sinner-gown (Corr. of sinew-gown),
adj. having a contraction of the
sinews.
Sipe, n. a small trickling stream. N.Fris.
sipe, to drip.
Sipe, v.i. to soak through, to drop
slowly. " It rains an' sipes."
Sipers, n. those who drink to the last
drop, or immoderately.
Sipin, adj. dripping wet.
Sir : a title formerly applied to priests
and curates. "Here's t' sir cumman "
= Here's the clergyman coming. O.N.
sira, dominus, titulus sacerdotum et
episcoporum, W. syr, lord, sir.
Siss, n. whiteweed or sweet cicely
{Myrrhis odorata). See Switch.
Sista, Pr. of seest thou.
Sit, v.t. (1) to keep night courtship with
a girl ; as, " James T. is sitting our
Betty." (2) To be able to contend
with; as, "I can't sit him"=He is
more than a match for me.
Sit-fast, n. a gathering in the finger.
Sitha, Pr. of see thou. "Sitha but "
= Only look.
Sitten, adj. of anything stiff or hard,
or inelastic.
Sitten-milk, n. milk burnt in the pan,
so as to become nauseous in taste
and smell.
Siz, v.i. to hiss or whiz.
Sizeable, adj. of a good size.
Sizle, v.i. to saunter about, to walk in
a swaying or rocking manner.
Sizzup, v.t. to deal a hard blow.
Sizzup, n. a hard blow.
SI
SL
Sizzuper, n. (1) a severe blow. (2) Any-
thing strikingly large. Hence, "That's
a sizzuper" i.e. a tremendous lie.
Skaffat, Corr. of scaffold.
Skaitch, n. a shelf or ledge.
Skar?' | adJ' wild' timid' sh^
Skeear (Pr. of scar or sker), n. a stony
gravel bed in the sea where shell-
fish are often gathered, which differs
from the sands that surround it in
being always hard and firm ground,
whilst they are shifting and variable.
Gael, sgeir, a rock in the sea, M.
sger.
Skell, n. a shell.
Skel-boose, n. the wooden division be-
tween two cattle stalls.
Skelp, (1) v.t. to beat. (2) v.i. To leap
or move quickly, to skip or run with
great strides.
Skelp, n. a hard blow. Gael, sgeilp, a
blow.
Skelpin', adj. stout, lusty.
Skelper, n. (1) anything very large. (2)
A smart stroke. Gael, sgealp, a slap
with the palm of the hand.
Sken, v.i. to squint. Gael, sgionnshuil,
a squint-eye.
Skew, n. a projection.
Skew, v.t. to cast on one side.
Skew-about, v.t. to look slily, to peep,
to pry closely.
Skewin', adj. looking aslant.
Skid, v.i. to affix a hook to the wheel
of a coach or waggon to prevent it
descending too rapidly down a hill.
Skid-pan, n. the shoe with which the
wheel of a carriage is locked.
Skift, n. a removal. O.N. skipta, mu-
tatio, permutatio.
Skift, n. a woman's under garment,
shift, chemise.
Skift, v.t. to shift, to remove.
Skill on, v.i. to esteem. " I could'nt
skill on him " = I could not relish or
approve of him. O.N. skilja, intelli-
gere, nosse, scire, S.G. skilja, distin-
guere, intelligere.
Skillet, n. a small pot of iron or copper
or brass, with a long handle. Gael.
sgeileid, a skillet, a small boiler.
Skilvings, n. a wooden frame to fix on
the top of a cart in order to widen
and extend its size, principally when
carrying hay, grain, straw, or thorns.
Skim, v.t. to make anything to fly
swiftly but smoothly.
Skinner, n. a dealer in skins.
Skinny, adj. miserly.
Skip, n. a basket made of rushes or
straw. Gael, sgeap, a beehive, a
basket.
Skip-jack, n. (1) a dandy, puppyish
fellow. (2) A servant man.
Skir, v.t. to slide on the ice. Gael.
sgiorr, slide, M. skir, slip, slide.
Skir, n. a slide.
Skirl, v.i. to scream, to shriek.
Skit, v.t. to despise, to scorn. "She
skit at him " = She contemned him.
Skit, n. a sarcasm, a severe reflection.
Skite, v.t. merdis aspergere. S.G. skita,
stercus excernere, A.S. scitan.
Skitter-brained, adj. giddy and thought-
less.
Skitters, n. the diarrhoea in animals.
A.S. scitta, a flux.
Skorkle, v.t. to scorch.
Skot, n. a prop.
Skraum, v.i. to grope about with ex-
tended arms. See Scraamb.
Skreak, v.i. to creak.
Skrike, v.i. to screech, to shriek. S.G.
skrika, Dan. skrige, to shriek, scream,
screech.
Skrike, n. a shriek or scream. W.ysgrech,
Dan. skrig.
Skuft, n. nape of the neck.
Skyander, v.i. to fly about in a flighty
manner.
Slaake, n. a sort of sea-weed,
Slaake, v.i. to walk slowly, to saunter.
Slake, v.t. to smear, to bedaub. M.
slaaik, mortar, a composition to daub
on, O. N. sleikja, lambere, N,Fris.
slacke.
Slabber, v.t. to soil or dirty. Du. slabbben,
to slabber.
Slabby, adj. sloppy, dirty.
Slache, v.i. to loiter.
Slack, n. a hollow or depressed piece
of ground.
Slack, adj. (1) dull, low, depressed ;
applied to trade. (2) Loose; as, "My
tuth is sooa slack I'se fear'd it'll tum-
mel out."
Slack-deed. A phrase signifying dul-
ness or inactivity in business or
action generally ; as, "Slack-deed in
the iron-trade "= Depression in the
iron-trade ; "Slack-deed among the
fishermen "= Very little employment
for them.
Slacken, v.i. to fall in price. "Corn
begins to slacken^
75
SL
SL
Slack-water, n. a deficiency of water,
through which the machinery of mills
erected on streams is deprived of
sufficient motive power.
Slade, n. flat, moist ground in a valley.
Slafter, Pr. of slaughter.
Slag, n. refuse of iron, lead, or other
ores, the cinder of a bad or spurious
sort of coal.
Slagger, v.i. to walk in a slovenly way.
Slaggerin', adj. heedless, careless.
Slair, v.i. to walk slovenly.
Slaited, adj. of a woman when her
petticoat hangs below her gown.
Slake, n. literally, a lick, thence a mere
touch or slight rub, instead of a good
cleansing or wiping : furniture half
cleaned is said to have had the slut's
slake.
Slam, n. a kind of muscle.
Slammock, v.i. to walk with an awk-
ward, undulating, gait.
Slane, n. smut in corn. [lence.
Slap, v.i. to walk with speed and vio-
Slape, adj. (1) slippery, smooth. Hence,
metaphorically, (2) Specious, crafty.
O.N. sleipr, lubricus.
Slape-faiyas, n. a mealy-mouthed hy-
pocrite, a sanctimonious dissembler.
Slapeness, n. slipperiness.
Slape-shod, adj. of a horse when his
shoes are worn down smooth.
Slap-up, v.t. to swallow greedily. " He
slaps up his poddish in neya time."
Slashy, adj. splashy, wet and dirty.
" It's nobbet slashy wedder." Comp.
Sw. slash vader, wet, dirty weather,
slaskig, dirty, rainy.
Slat, v.t. to slop or dash water about.
Slat, n. a spot of dirt, a slop.
Slate off, To have a. Metaph. for not
being quite compos mentis.
Slatt, adj. splashed.
Slatter, Corr. of slaughter.
Slatter, v.t. to spill, to besprinkle, to
slop, to waste.
Slattery, adj. wet, dirty.
Slaver, n. (1) viscid saliva. (2) Flattery.
Slaver, v.i. to emit viscid saliva and
let it hang from the mouth.
Slavering- cleyath, n. a child's bib.
gW | Pr. of sloe.
Sleek, v.t. (1) to quench, to assuage ;
of thirst. (2) To extinguish. M.
sleick, to slake or quench, O.N. slokva,
extinguere, Sw. slacka.
Sleek, n. small pit-coal.
v.i. to walk awkwardly.
O.N. sledi, traha,
Sleek-trough, n. a trough of water,
into which blacksmiths dip hot iron
to cool it.
Sled,
Sledder,
Sled, n. a
Sw. slade
Sleds, n. old shoes.
U£ | adj. smooth.
Sleeve, v.t. to kiss.
Slem, v.i. to approach slily.
Slench, v.i. to hunt privately, as dogs
do ; to steal food, as cats and dogs do.
Slewed, adj. intoxicated.
Slidder, v.i. to slide, to slip.
Sliddery, adj. slippery. Sw. sliddrig,
loose, smooth.
Sling, (1) v.i. to move with long though
not quick steps. " My horse slings
away at a girt rate "= Gets over the
ground with apparent ease. (2) To
sneak, to lounge. (3) v.t. To cast or
throw.
Slingin', adj. sneaking, lounging. A.S.
slincan, to slink, crawl, creep.
Slink, n. a calf produced before its time.
Slink-butcher, n. one who kills poor or
diseased cattle.
Slip, n. a pillow-case.
Slip, v.t. to drop (calf or a foal) prema-
turely. "T' cow hez slipped her coaf."
Slip-down, n. milk just begun to curdle.
Slipe, v.t. (1) to take away the outside
covering from anything. (2) To split,
to slice. Sw. slipa, to cut, Dan. slibe,
to cut off. (3) To seize or take away
anything suddenly.
Slippy, adj. (1) slippery. (2) Very quick.
"Luk slippy v = Be very quick.
Slip-treyace, n. a person given to shirk-
ing work. (The notion is taken from
a horse, who ought to be drawing,
slipping his traces so as to avoid it.)
Slir, )
Slor, > v.i. to slide.
Slur,)
Slobber, v.t. to eat spoon-meat in a
filthy manner.
Slobbery, adj. wet, sloppy.
Slocken, v.t. to slake, to quench.
Slong, n. an indolent, clownish fellow.
Slonk, v.i. to hang about heavily and
lazily, as indolent persons do.
Slope, v.t. to trick, to cheat.
Slops, n. large, wide trousers. Du. slop,
wide and loose.
Slosh, n. snow in a melting state.
SL
SN
Slot, n. a hollow tuck in a cap.
Slotch, n. a dirty, greedy eater.
Slough, n. the skin of a gooseberry.
Sloum, v.i. to slumber.
Sludge, )
Slush, > n. wet mud, any wet dirt.
Slutch, )
Slug, n. a lazy fellow.
Shimmer, Pr. of slumber.
Slutchy, adj. slimy, muddy.
Slutty, adj. dirty.
Smacker, n. a kiss vehemently given,
making a great noise.
Smack-smooth, adv. in a reckless way.
Smarten, v.t. to dress up in one's best.
" Go an' smarten thisel up"=Go and
put on your best clothes.
Smarts, n. small rods cut down in
coppice woods.
Smasher, n. anything very large.
Smatch, n. a taste, or flavour. S.G..
smak, gustus.
Smelt, n. the young of the salmon (or
salmon-trout) from the time of taking
the white scales up to the time of its
going down to the sea.
§middy, Pr. of smithy.
Smiddy-bellies, n. smithy-behows. O.N.
smidiubelgr, follis.
Smile, v.i. to mantle, as beer or wine.
Smit, v.t. to mark sheep.
Smit, n. a black mark of soot or dirt
on the face. A.S. smitta, smut, M.
smittan, Dan. smitte, a spot or stain.
Smitching. adj.. infectious. Sw. smitta,
contagion, infection, Dan. smitte.
Smithen, v.t. to sprinkle meal on the
backboard before baking.
Smittle, adj. infectious.
Smittle, v.t. to infect.
Smittlin', adj. infecting.
Smock, 11. a woman's shift or chemise.
M. smock, a shift, A.S. smoc.
Smock-race, n. a race run by women in
their smocks.
Smook, 11. to beat severely.
Smoor, v.t. to smother. M. smorian, to
suffocate, Du. smooren.
Smoorin', adj. smothering, suffocating.
Smoot, it. a hole in a hedge through
which hares or rabbits run.
Smooth, v.t. to iron linen.
Smoothing-iron, n. a box-iron.
Smost, adj. smallest. O.N. smast.
Smouch, v.t. to kiss.
Smoucher, n. a kiss.
Smudge, v.t. to smear, to soil. Sw,
smutsa, to dirty, to sully.
LofC.
Smudgy, adj. smoky and filled with
particles of soot or smudge.
Smush, adj. fine, gay, smart.
Smush, n. anything reduced to powder.
Snag, n. a tooth standing alone.
Snag, v.t. to trim, to cut off the twigs
and small branches from a tree or
pole, etc. ; to lop off, to cut short.
To snag out, is to trim the rods, etc.
after the underwood is cut.
Snap, n* a small round cake of ginger-
bread made very crisp.
Snape, n. a check.
Snape, v.t. to snub, to check forward-
ness.
Snarl, v.t. to entangle.
Snatch-apple, n. a game similar to
"Bob-cherry," but played with an
apple.
Snaze, v.t. to clip or cut a hedge,
Sneck, n. (1) that part of the iron
fastening of a door which raises the
latch. (2) A piece or tongue of land
jutting into an adjoining field, or
intersecting it.
Sneck, v.t. to latch.
Snerp, ) v.t. and v.i. to dry up with
Snirp, ) heat, to shrivel up.
Snerple, v.t, to shrivel up by the effects
of heat.
Snert, ) v.i. to try to suppress a laugh,
Snirt, ) but ineffectually.
Snert, n. an ineffectual attempt to sup-
press a laugh.
Sneul, n. a snail.
Snick- snarled, adj. entangled.
Sniflle, v.i. to snuff up, as people do
when the nose is full from cold.
Snifter, v.i. (1) to whimper, to cry. (2)
To sniffle, to snuff up the breath
through the nose.
Snig, n. an eel.
Snig, v.t. to drag heavy substances, as
timber, along the ground by means
of a carriage-frame with large wheels.
Snig-prod, n. an eel-spear.
Snite, v.t. to blow the nose. A.S.
snytan, O.N. snita, emungere, Sw.
snyta, Dan. snyde, to blow the nose.
Snob, ii. a journeyman shoemaker.
Snod, adj. smooth, sleek ; an abbrevi-
ation of the Latin sine nodo, Mr.
Carr, Crav. Gloss. [The word really
depends on O.N. snodinn, smooth,
N. snoydd, made smooth or bare,
S.G. snod, bare. Ed.]
Snodden, v.t. to make smooth.
Snoozlin, adj. nestling.
77
SN
SP
Snot -clout, n. a pocket-handkerchief.
Snotter, v.i. to cry, to snivel.
Snottergob, n. (1) mucus nasi. (2) The
red part of a turkey's head. (3) A
dirty mouth. (4) A contemptible
person.
Snout-band, n. the iron on the toes of
clog soles.
Snue, v.i. to turn up the nose, or sneer
at any one. O.N. sniia, vertere, flec-
tere, contorquere, Dan. snue, to sniff,
snuff, snort.
Snumin', adj. low, mean, sneaking.
Snule, v.i. to speak through the nose.
Snuzzle, v.i. to cuddle.
Sock, v.t. to beat, to thrash.
Sodher, v.t. to solder. W. sawdriaw.
Soft, adj. moist, mild ; said of weather.
Soggy, adj. wet, moist, swampy.
Soil, v. t. to feed cattle with green food
in the house.
Solid, adj. grave, serious.
Some-like, adj. some, a few; as, "Some-
like seemed ready to tek what tha
offered, but not many. O.Fris. sumi-
like, some, a few, Sw. somlige, some.
Sonsie, adj. pleasant, agreeable, plump,
fat.
Soop, Pr. of sup.
Soople (Pr. of swipple), n. the heavy
end of a flail, the part which strikes
the corn.
Soot, n. the rot in sheep. [away.
Sooty, adv. of animals that are wasting
Sooth, n. truth. A.S. sod.
Soppy, adj. lying in small heaps or
masses upon the field, as mown grass,
not properly spread, does. W. sopen,
a bundle of hay, etc.
Sops, n. tufts of green grass in the hay,
not properly dried.
Sops, n. lumps of black-lead.
Sore, adj. grieved.
Soss, (1) v.i. to lap as a dog. "Soss!
Soss ! " an expression used to tempt
dogs to take their liquid food. (2)
v.t. to throw heavily.
Soss, adj. direct, plump. " He com
dawn wi' a girt soss."
Sotter, v.i. to make a noise in boiling,
as water does.
Sough, n. an underground drain, a wet
ditch. "W. soch, a sink, drain.
Sough, ) n. a hollow murmur in the
Suff, ) air.
Souk, Pr. of suck. The word used to
call a calf to its feeding bucket.
Souky, n. a pet name for a calf.
78
Souple, Pr. of supple.
Souplejack, n. a cane.
Soupy (Pr. of soppy), adj. wet and
swampy.
Sour, adj. coarse and innutritious ; said
• of grass grown on cold, wet land.
Sour-dock, n. wild sorrel.
Sour dough or doff, n. leaven.
Sourin'. See Saurin.
Sow, n. a blow, a knock.
Sowl, v.t. to take a person by the ears
and put him in the water.
Spaek, pret. of To speak.
Spainin', n. weaning of lambs, etc.
Spaits, n. torrents of rain at intervals.
Spalch, v.i. to split. A carpenter, in
working a board with a plane, if a
bit splits away or breaks off, will say
that it spalches off. Gael, spealt,
cleave, split, Du. spalkaen, to splint,
S.G. spjala, to cleave, Sw. spjalka, to
split, Dan. spalte, to split.
Spane, ) v.i. to germinate, as corn when
Spean, ) it begins to detach itself
from the parent grain.
Spang, (1) v.i. to walk fast. " Come
let us spang: away." (2) v.t. To throw
with violence.
Spang, n. a spring, a jump.
Spanged, adj. variegated.
Spang- whew, adv. with violence. "He
come spang-whew."
Spang- whew, v.t. to kill a toad, by
placing it on one end of a lever, and
then driving it rapidly into the air
by a sharp stroke on the other end.
W. ysponc, a jerk, a spirt.
Span-new, adj. quite new. O.N. spdn-
nyr ; spdnn, a chip or shaving.
Spar, n. the coat or covering of ore or
metal.
Spar, Pr. of spare. O.N. spar, parcus.
Spar, v.t. to spare, save, do without.
Sparling, n. a small sea-fish.
Sparklin'-heeat, n. said of iron when
it emits bright white sparks.
Sparabills, n. small nails without heads,
used by country shoemakers to put
in the soles of shoes.
Spats, n, short walking gaiters.
Spattle, n. a small iron or wood instru-
ment to clean spades or the share of
a plough with.
Splaw, adj. splay.
Speal, n. a chip, or small slit stick, a
small splinter of wood. S.G. spjale,
lamina lignea, spjall, segmentum.
lamina.
SP
ST
Spean, v.t. to wean.
Speaned, adj. gelded, barren.
Speel-beyan,w.the small bone of the leg.
Speed, n. luck, fortune.
Spelks, n. slender-pointed sticks, bent
and with both ends thrust into the
thatch to keep it down. A.S. spelc,
a little rod by which anything is kept
straight, Gael, spealg, a splinter, a
fragment, M. spelt, a wattle or hurdle.
Speer, v.t. to ask for, to inquire. Sw.
sporja.
Spelder, v.t, to spell.
Spell, n. a species of trap used at
"Spell and Knor."
Spell-and-Knor, n. a boy's game, some-
thing similar to trap-ball. It is played
with a pumhead, a knor, and a spell.
By striking the end of the spell with
the pumhead, the knor rises into
the air, and the art of the game is to
strike it with the pumhead before it
falls to the ground. Those who make
the greatest score, in point of dis-
tance, in the fewest innings, win the
game. The game is elsewhere called
Nurr-spell. Sw. spel, game, play.
Du. spel, play, sport, or gaming.
Spent,
exhausted.
Spern, n. a projecting point of steel
upon a horse's shoe.
Spetch, n. a patch.
Spice, n. sweetmeats of any kind.
Spick-and-span-new, adj. quite new.
Spiddock, n. a spigot.
Spider-shanks, n. a person with thin
legs and no calves.
Spile, n. (1) a pile for foundations. (2)
A splinter.
Spile, v.t. (1) to drive piles. (2) To
make a foundation in soft earth by
driving in a pile or piles.
Spill, n. a pipe-lighter.
Spine, n. a thorn.
Spink, n. a chaffinch. W. yspincyn, a
chaffinch.
Spinked, adj. spotted.
Spinnel, Pr. of spindle.
Spinnle, v.i. to grow up quickly and
weakly, as plants do in wet, warm
weather, or when growing too thickly
together.
Spire, n. a young tree left for standing
in coppice woods.
Spire, v.i. to shoot up luxuriantly.
Spit. To spit in confirmation of a bar-
gain, as is frequently done by butchers
and farmers in selling cattle.
Spit, n. the depth a spade goes in dig-
ging ; about a foot.
Spit-deep, adj. to the depth reached by
a spade in the action of digging.
Spittle, n. a flat board or spatula, with
a sharp edge or handle to turn out
cakes with. See Spattle.
Splaader, v.t. to spread or sprawl out
the hands and feet.
Splash, v.t. to cut and trim hedges.
Splint, n. a splinter of wood such as often
runs into the fingers of carpenters
when planing wood.
Splirt, v.t. to spurt out.
Spoke-shayav, n. a narrow plane used
for smoothing the inside of the spokes
of a wheel.
Sponsible, adj. respectable, well to do.
Spool, n. a small wheel for winding
yarn upon.
Spoon-meeat, n. broth, liquid, food,
soup, etc.
Spoor, v.t. to track a hare by her foot-
steps. A.S. spurian, to trace.
Spor (Pr. of spur), n. (1) a prop. (2)
A thick branch of a tree. (3) A small
ditto.
Spor, v.t. to prop up.
Spout, n. See Whirly-spout.
Sprags, n. nails, sprigs.
Spreckled, adj. speckled.
Sprent, n. a spot or stain.
Sprig, n. (1) a thin, long nail. (2) A
small, slender person.
Sprig-bit, an awl of the size requisite
to make holes to receive the nails
called sprigs.
Spring, v.i. to give tokens of calving.
Spring, n. a young wood.
Sprint, n. a gin or snare for catching
birds.
Sprod, n. a young salmon at its state
of growth between being a smelt and
a mort.
Sprout potatoes, To. To break the
young sprouts off.
Spying-glass, n. a telescope.
Squab, n. a long seat, a rude sofa.
Squandered, adj. dispersed.
Squary, adj. short and fat, large.
Squinsy, Corr. of quinsey.
Squirt about, To. To run rapidly
about, to frisk about.
Stabs, n. the steps of a ladder.
Staddlin', n. sticks, thorns, straw, and
other matters placed as a foundation
for a stack.
Staddle, n. a ground-work for a stack
79
ST
ST
of corn, generally consisting of a
layer of stones covered over with
straw to keep out the ground damp.
Staff in a place, To put van's. To
take up his residence.
Staff-and-band-hedge> ) n. a hedge
Staff-hedge, ] made with
stakes raddled with thorns, or hazel,
generally both.
Stag, n. (1) a young horse. (2) A
romping girl.
Staggering-bob, n. a cant name for a
very young calf.
Staggers, n. the giddiness in sheep
occasioned by hydatids in the brain.
Stainch, n. a root' like liquorice.
Stainty, n. a stallion, an entire horse.
Stayan-check, n. a name for the stone-
chat.
Standers, n. trees left in coppice woods-
for timber.
Stang, v.i. to shoot or throb with pain.
Stang, n. (1) a wooden bar or pole. TV.
y stang, a pole or long staff to measure
with, A.S. stenge, a bar of wood, pole,
stang, O.N. stang, pertica, Sw. stang,
pole, staff, bar, Dan. stang, a pole,
Du. stange. (2) The shaft of a cart.
(3) A strong piece of wood on which
the carcases of beasts are suspended.
Stapple, Pr. of staple.
Stark, adj. stiff, stiff with cold. M.
stark, stiff, inflexible, A.S. stare, hard,
severe, S.G. stark, rigidus, immobilis.
Stark, adv. very, exceedingly; as, stark
mad ; stark staring mad = Yery angry,
excessively enraged.
Starken, v.t. to tighten. "Starken t'
reyap a lile bit " = Tighten the rope a
little.
Starkish, adj. stiffish, and rather un-
tractable.
Star-slubber, n. a gelatinous substance
often seen in fields after rain.
Starved, adj. excessively cold.
Statute -hirings, n. assemblages of farm
servants at Whitsuntide to be hired.
Staup, v.i. to move heavily, to take
long steps.
Staupins', n. the holes made by the
feet of horses, etc., in miry highways.
fo au er, i v ^ ^ stumDie or stagger.
Staw-fed (Pr. of stall-fed), adj. fed to
satiety.
Stays, n. the breechings of a horse.
Steak, ) v.t. to shut a door or gate.
Steck, J "Steck t' duer."
80
Stead, n. a farm-house and offices. A.S.
stede, a place, station. Common in
such words as House-stead, Heyam-
stead, etc.
Steal, Pr. of stool.
Stean, Pr. of stone.
Stecked, adj. stubborn. A stecked horse
is one that refuses to draw.
Stecks, To tek t\ To become restive.
Stee, n. a ladder. A.S. stige, a path,
Sw. stege, a ladder, Dan. stige.
Steel, Pr. of stile.
Steep, n. rennet.
Steeping-rain, n. a soaking rain.
Steer, adj. steep.
Steg, n. a gander.
Stele, n. a handle. A.S. stela.
Step, n. a walking distance.
Step-mother, n. a loose piece of the
band of the finger nail when rubbed
backwards*
Step-staiy'ns, n. stones placed at inter-
vals across a stream.
Stew, n. a cloud of dust or vapour.
Isl. stofa, vapour.
Steyad, Pr. of stood.
Steyak, Pr. of stake. "Steyak an yed-
der " = A fence made of stakes driven
into the ground and wattled with
thorns.
Steyak, v.t. to defend a fishery in a
river by means of stakes, so as to
prevent nets being used.
Steyatsman (Pr. of statesman), one
who occupies his own estate, a small
landowner.
Stick, v.t. to cut a beast's throat, to stab.
Stickin' -piece, n. that part of the neck
of the animal where the butcher's
knife has been inserted.
Stick-knife, n, a large pocket-knife.
O.N. stickhnifr, pugio.
Stickle, v.t. to scrapie.
Stickle, adj. sharp-pointed.
Stickle, n. a name given to sharp-
pointed hills, as Stickle Pike, near
Broughton, in Furness.
Sticks, n. furniture.
Stidden, p.p. of To stand.
Stiddy, ) .,
Stithy, \ n' an anvd'
Stiddy (Pr. of steady), adj. sober, at-
tentive.
Stiff, adj. (1) strong, broad, squat, lusty.
(2) Proud. "He is as stiff as if he
had swallowed a gavelock."
Stiffen, v.i. to grow strong, to enlarge,
to swell out.
ST
ST
Stiff-hefted, adj. stingy, mean.
Stiffinger, n. a squat broadset man.
Stiller, n. a severe blow.
Stiles, n. the framework of panelled
woodwork.
Stilts, n. the handles of a plough.
Stammer, n, an iron rammer used in
blasting.
Stinge, n. the sting of a bee or wasp.
Stinkin Roger, n. the plant Geranium
Robertianum.
Stint, n. (1) a limit, quantity, or allow-
ance of anything, as of labour, vic-
tuals, etc. (2) A limited number of
cattle gates in common pasture.
Stint, v.t, to allot a pasture or common
to a certain number of gates.
Stiper, n. a piece of wood fixed upright
in the doorway of a barn, against
which the double doors are shut.
Stir on, He has plenty to. He is
very rich.
Stirk, n. a year-old beast, a young
heifer. A.S. stirc.
Stirrin', n. the ploughing and harrow-
ing of land, fallowing, etc.
Stitch, n. (1) a narrow ridge of land.
(2) As much land as lies between one
furrow and another.
Stiver, n. a small Dutch coin.
Sto (Corr. of stall), v.t. to tire, to satiate,
glut, or cloy. " I 'se quite stoet " = I
am quite tired out ; or horses which
are stopped or set fast by the weight
of an overload, or the heaviness of
bad roads, or are unable or disinclined
to draw further, as in trailing a
heavy load up a steep hill, are said
to be stoet, or stalled.
Stock, n. a root.
Stock, v.t. to root up.
Stocken, p.p. of To steck.
Stocks, Bed-stocks, n. the framework
of a bed, a bedstead. S.G. stock,
the framework or forepart of a bed-
stead.
Stokey, adj. close or sultry.
Stonched, Pr. of stanched.
Stooden,^. of To stand. See Stidden.
Stoop, n. a post, a gate-post of stone
or wood. O.N. stolpi, columna, Sw.
stolpe, a post, Dan. stolpe, a post
Stooth, v.t. to apply lath and plaster.
Stoppen, p.p. of To stop.
Stopple, n. the stopper of a bottle or
pipe.
Storbt, Corr. of disturbed.
Store-pigs, n. pigs kept as part of the
G
stock of a farm, and intended for
slaughter at the usual time when
they will have reached their full
growth and age.
Storken, v.i. to congeal, to coagulate, to
become stiff or rigid, as the fat of
meat does when, after being cooked,
it is allowed to cool. O.N. storhna,
congelare, rigescere, Dan. storkne, to
coagulate, to curdle, to congeal.
Storm, Feeding- storm', n. daily acces-
sions of snow.
Storm-cock, n. a name for the missel-
thrush.
Stot, n. a young ox.
Stoter, v.i. to stumble.
Stouk, v.t. to set up sheaves in stouk,
Stouk, v.t. a shock of corn of ten
sheaves. "W. ystwc, a shock of corn,
M. sthook, a pile or shock of sheaves.
More properly stook.
Stoup, n. a pitcher. O.N. staup, pocu-
lum, vas, Sw. stop, a liquid measure
containing about three pints, A.S.
stoppa, a pot, vessel, cup.
Stour, v.i. to rise up in clouds, as dust.
Gael, stur, dust.
Stour, v.i. to stir, or be moved with force.
Stour, n. dust.
Stower, n. a hedge-stake.
Stown, Pr. of stolen.
Strackle-brained, adj. wild, unsteady,
unsettled.
Stracklin', n. a loose, roving fellow.
Straddle, adj. walking wide, or wad-
dling in gait, also riding wide without
stirrups.
Strafen, v.i. to rove about.
Straggelt, ) worthieSs fellow.
Scragglet, j
Strain, v.t. to copulate ; said of a dog.
[A.S. strynan, streonan, strienan, to
beget, breed ; strynde suna and
dohtra, begat sons and daughters
(quoted in Bosworth) :
" Sir, as I have a soul she (Anne Boleyn) is an angel :
Our king has all the Indies in his arms,
And more and richer, when he strains that lady."
—Henry VIII. iv. 1. Ed.]
Strait, adj. narrow, too tight.
Strake, v.t. to make smooth or level at
the top (applied to a measure full of
corn) with a straight-edged piece of
wood called a straker.
Straker, n. a straight-edged piece of
wood for taking off the superfluous
quantity in a measure of corn or
grain.
81
ST
sw
Strand, n. the sea-shore. O.N. stro'nd,
littus, ora, Dan. strand, sea-shore,
sea-side.
Strang, Pr. of strong.
Strap, n. credit. " He gat on strap.'"
Stray, n. the right of pasturing cattle
on a common.
Streah, Pr. of straw.
Streak, v.t. to stretch oneself.
Streamers, n. the northern lights.
Streck, adj. straight. A.S. strwc.
Strent, n. a straggling lock of hair.
Strentin', adj. disordered, dishevelled.
Stretch, v.i. to walk in a dignified
manner.
Stretcher, n. a stick to keep out the
traces from the horses legs.
Strickle, n. an instrument made of
wood, and covered with a mixture of
grease and sand, for sharpening
scythes.
Strike, v.t. flies are said to strike, and
meat to be struck, when the latter
is fly-blown.
Strike, v.t. (1) to make a straight line
by means of a chalked piece of string.
(2) To balance (of accounts).
Striker, n. (1) a flat piece of wood for
stroking off the top of a measure of
grain. See Straker. (2) A heavy
piece of wood, with which the fleam
is driven into the vein when a horse
or calf is bled.
Strinkle, v.t. to strew or scatter, to
sprinkle.
Strinkling, n. a sprinkling.
Strip, v.t. to strip a cow is to milk her
very clean, so as to leave no milk in
the dug.
Strippin's, n. the last milk drawn from
a cow in milking.
Stroo, v.t. to strain a liquid through a
cloth, or to press it through a narrow
passage, as through the teeth.
Stroo, n. a strong compressed stream,
such as issues from a dock, or canal-
lock gates. " It cum wi' a girt stroo."
M. stroo, the current of a stream.
Strum, n. a strumpet.
Strunty, adj. short.
Strut, v.t. to brace or support (in car-
pentry).
Stubby, adj. short, thick.
Stucker, n. the state when the air of a
house is filled with steam and smoke.
Stud, n. the upright spar to which the
laths are nailed in a lath and plaster
partition.
82
Stuffinger, n. one who overeats himself,
a guttler.
Stuffy, adj. fat, pursy, not in wind.
Stullion, n. the stocks or roots of a
coppice wood, after being cut down
and left to shoot again.
Stunch, n. one that is short and stout.
Stunch, adj. short and stout.
Stupid, adj. obstinate.
Sturdy, n. a disease peculiar to sheep,
causing them to stagger, [arising
from the presence of animalculse
(hydatids) in the brain. Gael, stuird,
stuirdean, vertigo, a disease in sheep,
drunkenness, It. stordire, to make
dizzy or giddy in the head. Wedg-
wood. Ed.]
Sturdy, adj. sulky and obstinate.
Stut, v.i. to stutter or stammer in
speech.
Suck, n. a plough-share. Fr. soc, the
coulter or share of a plough, Gael.
soc, a plough-share, M. soc or sock.
Sud, Corr. of should.
Suff, Pr. of sough.
Sugar-loaf, n. a high-crowned hat.
Summer, v.t. to take cattle to agist
during the summer months.
Summer-barmed, adj. of the sponta-
neous fermentation of malt liquor
from the heat of summer.
Summer-tree, n. a large beam reach-
ing across a building.
Sumpy, adj. swampy.
Sup, v.t. to drink by small quantities
at a time. A.S. supan, to sip, to
suck up, O.N. supa, sorbere, Sw.
supa, to drink.
Sup, n. (1) a small quantity of any
liquid. (2) A draught. Sw. sup, a
draught.
Suppin's, n. food of a liquid nature.
Sup up, v.t. to drink off a glass of
liquor.
Surfeit, n. a severe cold.
Suss ! Suss ! A call to swine to their
meat.
Swad, n. the pod of peas or beans.
Swaddy, adj. full of husks or pods.
Swag, v.i. (1) to hang loose and heavy.
(2) To swing about. " I like a sheep
wi' a good sivaggin1 belly."
Swaimous, adj. bashful, shy.
Swaip, v.i. to walk proudly.
Swale, v.t. to singe or burn.
Swallow, n. a hollow in the ground
into which water runs and does not
appear again.
sw
TA
Swamp, adj. small in the body, lean:
Swanking, adj. big, large.
Swarmle, v.t. to climb a tree which
has no branches, by grasping the
butt with the arms, knees and legs,
and working oneself upwards.
Swarth, n. (1) sward, grass. (2) Any
outward covering, as the rind of
bacon.
Swashy, adj. soft, watery ; as vege-
tables sometimes are.
Swat, n. the dung of a cow, which lies
flat, like a cake, in pastures.
Swat (Pr. of squat), v.i. to sit down.
Swat, v.t. to spill a liquid. Dan.
sqvatte, to splash, to spurt.
Swatch, v.t. to cut off.
Swatch, n. a piece cut off.
Swatter, v.i. to dabble in the water,
as ducks do.
Swattle, v.t. to spend, to consume
gradually.
Sweal, v.i. to gutter as a candle when
the flame is exposed to a draught.
Sweared, pret. of To swear.
Sweetener, n. a puffer at a sale.
Sweeties, n. sweetmeats. [kind.
Sweetmart, n. an animal of the marten
Sweigh, v.i. (1) to lean upon, to lean
on one side. (2) To incline.
Sweigh, n. a swing.
Swerd, Pr. of sword.
Swewel, v.t. to scorch, to singe.
Swidden, v.t. to singe.
Swidge, v.i. to ache, to feel a throb-
bing pain.
Swift, n. a newt.
will, n. a
wisket.
Swill, v.t. to wash hastily, to rinse.
A.S. swilian, to wash.
Swillin's, n. hogs'-wash.
Swillin'-tub, n. a tub in which swillings
or the washings of vessels are pre-
served.
Swilter, v.i. to waste away slowly.
Swim, v.i. to turn giddy. O.N. svima,
vertigine turbari, Dan. svimle, to be
dizzy or giddy.
Swimmy, adj. giddy in the head.
Swine-cote, \
Swine-lmll, > n. a pig-sty.
Swine-sty, )
Swine-saim, n. hogs' lard.
Swine-thistle, | n. the plant sow-
Swine-weed,
thistle .
Swinge, v.t. to beat, to chastise. A.S.
swingafb, to whip, scourge, beat.
Swinge, v.t. to singe.
Swing'l-trees, n. bars attached to a
plough, which prevent the drawing
chains from pressing against the
horses' sides.
Swint, adj. awry.
Swirl or ) n. a place amongst moun-
Swirrel, ] tains where the wind or
snow eddies ; as, " Swirrel Band,"
"Swirrel House," in Coniston fells.
S.G. swirra, circumagitare.
Swirt, Pr. of squirt.
Switch, (1) v.i. to walk nimbly. (2)
v.t. To strike quickly, as with a
switch.
Switch, n. whiteweed. See Siss.
Switches, n. sweets.
Swizzem v.t. to singe.
Swizzle, v.t. to drink or swill.
Syme, n. a frame of straw to set pans on.
T', art. the. In Lonsdale as in Craven,
and in the North generally, this
article suffers elision, even when the
next word begins with a consonant ;
as, "f woman," "f kye," for "the
woman," "the cows."
Ta, the one. An abbr. of t' ya = the
one. " Ta thee kittles "= The one
thigh itches. A native of Bulk once
puzzled a party of Londoners, and
won a bet by the use of the above
expression, of which they could not
understand a word.
Ta, Corr. of thou.
Taas, n. wood split thin to make
baskets with.
Tab, n. (1) the latchet of a shoe. (2)
The tag or end of a lace, the ex-
treme end of anything.
Tab-end, n. the extreme end.
Tach, v.t. to fasten, to attach.
Taching-end, n. waxed thread, with a
bristle, used by shoemakers.
Tack, n. (1) a lease. (2) A peculiar
flavour.
Taen, Contr. of taken.
Tag, n. the end of a fox's tail.
Taganandra, v.t. This verb denotes
a mode of securing or confining
an animal to a place of confine-
ment, as by a stake or tether, etc.
I,U|s:ndhtahita|ta^aildra =
j, ii ( put thee in
| send thee to | ^ place of con-
83
TA
TE
finement or security. Cf. Sw. taka-
hander, a depository, att setta i taka-
hander, to consign, to deposit a thing
with one.
Taggelt, n. an idle, dirty, discreditable
person.
Tail-band, n. a crupper.
Tail-ends, n. inferior samples of corn,
such as being hardly marketable, are
usually consumed at home.
Taillier, n. a tailor. G. tdillear, M.
thalhear, Fr. tailleur, a tailor.
Taillier's mense, n. a small portion left
by way of good manners.
Taiyad, Pr. of toad.
Taiyad-pipes, a name for a species of
equisetum.
Taiyad-spit, n. the froth formed by the
Cuckoo-spit insect.
Taiyas, Pr. of toes.
Tak, Pr. of take.
Tak', (1) v.t. to understand, compre-
hend. (2) v.i. To strike root, grow,
thrive ; of young trees.
Tak' sham, To. To be ashamed.
Tak' up, To. (1) v.t. to borrow (money)
(2) v.i. To clear up, become fine after
wet or storm.
Tak' up for any one, To. To espouse
his cause, take sides with him, sup-
port and defend him.
Takkin', n. a state of ill temper, a tiff.
" He woz i' sic a takkin about it."
Takkin', adj. infectious.
Tale-piet, n. a tell-tale.
Tall-boys, n. high drinking-glasses.
Tally, n. a company or division of
voters at an election.
Tammy, n. a hair sieve. Fr. tamis,
a tammy, or strainer, made of hair.
Ta'n, -p.p. taken.
Tang, v.t. to sting.
Tang, n. the sting of a bee. (2) A pike,
the prong of a fork. [facus.
Tang'l, n. sea-weed. O.N. y>aungully
Tanglin', adj. slovenly.
Tangs, Pr. of tongs.
Tank, n. a piece of deep water, natural
or artificial.
Tantle, v.i. to attend officiously, to
dawdle. " She tantles after him ; "
often said of the attentions of an
anxious mother.
Tantrel, n. an idle, spoilt girl.
Tap-lash, n. the smallest of small-beer.
Tarn, n. a small sheet of water. O.N.
tjorn, lacus, stagnum, Sw. tjdm, a
pool, standing water.
84
Tarradiddles, n. small untruths, fibs.
Tashed, adj. tired.
Tashled, adj. bespattered with wet.
Task-work, n. work taken by the
piece.
Tat : A child's term for dad, father.
Tatter-rags, n. a badly-dressed person.
Tatterwallops, n. (1) ragged clothes
fluttering in the wind. (2) A woman
with ragged clothes. Comp. Tatter-
rags.
Tauze, v.t. to pull about, to ruffle up.
Tave, ^ v.i. to fumble in a meaning-
Tea ve, J less manner, to fidget about,
to fidget with the feet.
Taving, pcpl. picking the bed-clothes
in febrile delirium.
Ta, Contr. of take. " Ta tha time " =
Take your time.
Taya : the one. " Frae taya bank tull
t'udder."
Tazzle, n. a wicked, drunken person.
Tazzy, n. a mischievous child.
Te, Corr. of (1) to. (2) Thee.
Teagle (Corr. of tackle), n. a crane for
lifting goods.
Teanel, n. an osier fish-basket. A.S.
tcenel, a little basket, pannier.
Tease, v.t. to pull about wool so as to
make it of even consistency. A.S.
tcesan, to tease.
Teaster, Pr. of tester.
Teastrel, n. a crabbed, peevish fellow.
Teathy, adj. peevish, cross.
Tedder (Pr. of tether ), v.t. to bind
anything.
Tedder, n. the long part of a fence ;
wood put upon the toxD of a fence to
bind it together.
Tedder by th' tooth, To. To attract
a person by keeping a good table.
Teddious, adj. fretful, difficult to please.
"This barn's fearf'l teddious"
Teddisome, adj. tedious, fretful. " T'
barn's fearfle teddisome " = The child
is very difficult to please.
Tee, Pr. of tie.
Tee, n. a hair rope with which to
shackle cows in milking.
Teem, v.t. (1) to pour out. (2) To un-
load a cart. [The actual meaning
belonging to this word is to make
empty. O.N. tcema, to draw fully
out, exhaust, Sw. toma, Dan. tomme,
O.E. tamyn or tempi, to make empty.
Comp. Sc. toom, empty. Ed.]
TE
TH
Teen, n. fire. W. tan, Gael, tein, Irish
tein.
Teen, v.t. to kindle. Dan. tcende, to
kindle, S.G. tcenda, accendere.
Teeming, adj. overflowing. See Teem.
Teet, Pr. of tight. "Teet i t' heft"=
Tight in the haft ; said of any one
who is careful.
Teety, adj. cross, fretful, peevish ;
spoken of children. See Teathy.
Tek, n. a taking. " Sic a tek o' fish."
Tekken (Corr. of taken), adj. captivated.
Tell, v.i, to talk.
Telled, ) f ^ , „
Telt, ' J W- of To tell.
Temper, v.t. to mix together in due
proportion, to mingle — as spirits and
water.
Temple-mould, n. a pattern or mould
used by masons in fashioning their
work.
Templet, n. a model.
Temse, n. a sieve used in brewing.
Temse, v.t. to sift.
Tent, n. attention, observation. "Tak
tent " = Give attention.
Tent, v.t. to take care of, to tend, to
attend.
Tenter, n. a stretcher or trier of cloth,
used by dyers and clothiers.
Tenters, n. watchers of cattle or sheep
on the moors.
Teptious, adj. snappish, captious.
Terble, Corr. of terrible.
Terrible, adv. used as an intensitive,
implying very, excessively.
Tetchy (Corr. of touchy), adj. quarrel-
some, peevish.
Teuth, Pr. of tooth.
Tew, (1) v.t. to pull or tear about, to
tumble over, to discompose, to tease.
(2) v.i. to work hard, to fatigue, to
exhaust, to knock oneself up by long
and repeated exertion.
Tewin, adj. toiling, laborious.
Tewit, n. a name for the lapwing or
green plover {Tringa vanellus).
Tewsome, adj. unquiet, restless.
Text, v.i. to write an engrossing hand
or German text.
Th is frequently changed into dd, or
ddh, as f adder or faddher, father ;
mudder or muddher, mother ; whedder
or wheddher, whether.
Tha, Pr. of thou, thee.
K;H-tothat<*-
Thack, n. thatch.
Thacker, n. a thatcher.
Thack-prod, n. a peg for securing thatch.
Thae, pron. those.
Thatens \ «^. and ^. of that sort;
That lids, J m that manner.
Thee, Pr. of thigh.
There-away : adv. thereabout, in that
part:
" Bat ! bat ! bear away,
Here-away, there-away,
Inta my hat,"—
said by boys when a bat is flying
about.
Thersels, pron. themselves.
Thew, pret. of To thaw.
Thlble, ) n. a stick to stir porridge
Thibel, J with.
Thick, adj. stupid, thick-headed.
Thick-heod, n. a blockhead.
Thick-poddish, n. water porridge.
Thick-winded, adj. bad at breathing,
husky.
Thief in a mill, As fast as a. Very
secure.
Think on, v.i. to remember, " I'se be
sewer ta think on."
Thirl, v.t. to bore, to pierce. A.S.
pirlian.
Thisen, pron. this.
This-gates, adv. this way.
Thivel, n. See Thibel. " He's a queer
stick to maiyak a thivel on."
Thorp' ( Pron' these, those. O.N. \cer.
Thorough, prep, through.
Thoum-reap (Pr. of thumb-rope), n. a
rope of straw made on the thumb.
Thoum-sneck, n. the fastening of a
door which is lifted by pressing the
thumb on the broad end of the short
lever which moves it.
Thou's like. See Like.
Thought, n. sorrow, sadness, grief.
Thraa (Pr. of throw), v.t. to turn with
a lathe. A.S. prawan, to turn.
Thraa, n. a lathe.
Thraly, ) adj. slow or reluctant in
Threaly, ] setting to work. A.S.
prcel, one in thraldom, O.N. prcell,
servus.
Thrang, v.t. to press, thrust, to squeeze,
to incommode. " Don't thrang ma."
Thrang, adj. busy, bustling, closely
packed. "As thrang as three in a
bed." AS. prang, pressed, O.N.
praungr, angustus, arctus. See
Throng.
85
TH
TI
Thrang, n. a throng. O.N. praungr,
multitudo hominum.
Thrast, pret.oi To threst, j^.throssen.
Thrave, n. twenty-four sheaves of
wheat or other corn. A.S. preaf,
a handful, a thrave, Dan. trave, a
score of sheaves of corn.
Thraw, v.i. to twist, to writhe.
Threap, v.i. to assert positively, to
argue with pertinacity, to reiterate,
to contend. A.S. preapian, threap,
reprove, O.N. threfa, sublitigare.
Threap down, v.t. to overpower by
assertion or repetition.
Threapin', n. a pertinacious reiteration.
Threaten, v.t. to threaten. A.S. preatian.
Three-man, n. a cluster of three nuts.
Three-square, adj. triangular.
Threst (Corr. of thrust) v.t. to thrust.
Thribble, Corr. of treble.
Thrimmle, v.t. to pull out reluctantly.
" He ihrimmled out sixpence."
Thrinter, n. a three-winter sheep ; i.e.
three winters old.
Throddy, adj. plump, thriving, sleek.
Throng, adj. busy.
Thropple, n. the windpipe.
Thropple, v.t. to throttle or strangle.
Throp wife, To be throng as. To be
very busy.
Throssen, p.p. of To threst, thrust,
pressed.
Throstle, n. a thrush. A.S. prosle,
W. tresglen.
Through with any one, To be. To
complete a bargain with him,
Through-steyan, n. a bond stone, or
through stone, passing through a wall.
Thrum, n. a small thread.
Thrushes, n. a disease in horses.
Thrush-lice, n. millipedes.
Thrusty. A form of thirsty.
Thrutch, n. (1) a thrust. (2) A throng.
Thump, v.t. to be silent in company
whilst the thoughts are fully occu-
pied. " He thumps it wi' thinkin'."
Thunner, Pr. of thunder.
Thunner-stan, n. a quartzose pebble,
ignorantly supposed to have been
emitted by thunder.
Thwaite, n. stubbed ground, as Tibber-
thwaite, Suherthwaite, Se&thwaite,
~Esthwaite, Finsthwaite, Salterthwaite,
etc. ; a common postfix.
Thwaite, n. the shelving part of the
side of a mountain.
Tib-cat, n. a female cat.
86
Ticin', adj. enticing. "I can't keep
frae gooin to hear him he's sic a ticin*
way with him."
Ticin', n. allurement.
Tick, n. a game.
Tickle, adj. unsteady, uncertain, in-
constant.
Tickler, n. a shrewd, cunning person.
Tick-tack, n. a moment of time; derived
doubtless from the ticking of a clock
or watch.
Tick-tack-toe, n. a kind of miniature
game of draughts played by children
on slates.
Tide, n. time, season.
Tide-raiyak, n. the line of sea-weed,
chips, sticks, and other matters left
by the sea at high-water-mark.
Tidy, v.t. to dress and make oneself
neat. " Gaa an' tidy thisell up."
Tidy, n. a small rug to take hold of
the handle of a kettle by.
Tie, n. a short, thick hair rope, with a
wooden nut at one end, and an eye
formed in the other, used for hop-
pling the hind legs of a cow while
milking.
Tied, p.p. compelled.
Tiffy, adj. fretful, lonely.
Tine, v.i. to entangle.
Tift, v.i. to breathe quickly, as a person
does who is out of breath.
Tift, n. (1) a draught of liquor. (2) A
short fit of doing anything. (3) Con-
dition, as to health of body.
Tifty, adj. ill-natured, petulant.
Tig, v.t. to touch lightly.
Tig, n. (1) a very gentle touch. Bret. tig.
(2) A play amongst children, in which
every one endeavours to get the last
touch.
Tightish, adj. (1) rather firm, not easily
prevailed upon. (2) In good health.
Tight i' t' heft : of a careful or greedy
person.
Tightly, adv. smartly, quickly, neatly ;
of anything well done.
Tike, n. (1) a term of reproach ; as,
" A lazy tike." (2) A blunt or vulgar
fellow, discreditable person, a wild
runagate. Often used sportively. (3) A
term applied to an odd little fellow.
(4) A very old horse or mare. O.N. tik, \
canis femina, canicula, Sw. tik, a bitch, k
Till, n. manure, compost.
Tilth, n. a cultivated, manured field.
A.S. tilth, culture.
Timber, n. strength.
TI
TO
Timersome, adj. timorous.
Timmered, Weel. Strongly built.
Timmer-teyad, adj. timber-toed, or
having a wooden leg.
Tine, v.t. to shut, to enclose, to fasten.
O.N. Una.
Tink, v.i. to tinkle, as bells.
Tinkler, n. a tinker : —
" If ifs and ans
Were pots an' pans,
Theyar'd be naya trade for tinklers,"
said by way of rebuke to persons
given to building too much on hypo-
thetical bases.
Tinny, Corr. of tiny.
Tiny- winy, adj. very small.
Tip, v.t. to overturn. To tip a cart, is
to empty it by lifting up the forepart.
Tip, v.t. to adjust the top of a stack.
O.N. typpa, to raise to a point.
Tipe, (1) v J. to toss with the hand. (2)
v.i. To fall down, swoon.
Tipple, v.t. to tumble, to turn over.
Tippy, adj. smart, fine.
Tippy-bob, adj. showy in dress, smart,
dandified : —
" He's tippy-bob
With, a watch in each fob."
Tippy-top, adj. the same as tip-top.
Tips, n. irons for the front of clogs.
Tip-stick, n. the piece of wood that
prevents a cart from tipping up.
Tiring, n. the plastering under slates.
Tirl, v.t. to turn over, as the leaves of
a book,
Tirler, n. a piece of wood put over the
opening of a beehive.
Tisshaw, v.i. a cant expression for to
sneeze. W. tisiaw.
Tit, adv. soon, readily, willingly. See
As tit.
Titter, adj. sooner, earlier. "Titter up
co"= The earliest up call the rest.
Tittup, n. a moment, an instant.
Titty, adj. tiny.
Titty, n. sister.
Tlick, (1) v.i. to snap the fingers. (2)
v.t. To snatch. See Click.
To, prep, for; as, "Good to nowt" =
Good for nothing ; " Poddish to
breakfast "= Porridge for breakfast.
To year. " We've a rare crop to year"
i.e. this year. Compare To-day.
To : compared with. " He's nowt to
him "=Not to be compared to him.
Toad. See Teyad.
Tod, v.t. to tooth sickles.
Toddy, adj. very small, tiny.
Toft, n. a field where a house or build-
ing once stood. A.S. toft, a croft,
a homefield. O.N. toft, area edificii
cum parietibus, Dan. toft, an enclosed
field near to a farm-house.
Toit, v.i. to fall or tumble over, to
upset.
Tolpin, n. a pin belonging to a cart.
See Towpin.
Tombeadle, n. a cockchafer.
Tome, n. a hair line for fishing.
Tomorn, adv. to-morrow. A. S. tomorgen.
Tomspayad, n. a large spade with a
large handle like the letter X, used
to take off the sward and soil in
draining.
Tom-taylier, n. a name for the crane-
fly or daddy-long-legs.
Tom-tee, n. a name for the tom-tit.
Tone : the one.
Ton part, of the one part.
Tontother : one another.
Tooan, p.p. of To take.
Tout | v'*> to pry in(luisitively-
Toothsome, adj. palatable.
Toozle, v.i. to pull about roughly.
Top, v. t. to snuff a candle.
Top- full, adj. quite full.
Topper, n. one who excels, anything
very good or of superior quality.
Toppin', n. a flaw, or sod taken from
the surface of a common, or from the
peatmoss, and when dried in the sun
used for fire-kindling.
Toppin', n. the hair on a person's fore-
head, the crest of a bird, the portion
of the mane of a horse that comes
down on his forehead. W. topyn, a
crest, M. tappag, a tuft of feathers
or hair on the head. [hen."
Toppin' d, adj. crested \ as, " a toppin! d
Tops-man, n. the foreman or bailiff of
a horse- or cattle-dealer.
Top-string, n. the strap which connects
the harness with the horse's collar.
Torf, Pr. of turf. O.N. torf cespes,
Sw. torf, turf, peat, Dan. torv. "At
greyav torf "=To pare turf.
Torfle, v.i. to deline in health, to die.
Torf -moss, n. a peat bog. Dan. torv-
Torf-mull, n. peat dust. Dan. torvsmul.
Tortus, n. a turf- or peat-house.
Tot, a term of endearment to a child.
" Thou's a bonny lile tot."
Tote, n. the whole. "T' heyal tote on
'em."
87
TO
TH
Tottle (Pr. of toddle), v.i. to walk un-
steadily.
Totty, adj. half drunk, tipsy.
Toups, n. belongings.
Touze, v.t. to tug or pull about.
Town, n. a village.
Tow-pin, n. a pin belonging to a cart,
put through the shafts and with-
drawn for unloading. In former times
the ends of the shafts of carts passed
through two iron rings, which were
fastened to the hames, and the tow-
pins were passed through the shafts
to prevent the shafts being drawn
through the rings. The cart there-
fore was drawn or towed by the tow-
pins, hence the name. [See Tolpin,
which is the true form of the word.
Towpin being merely a mode of Pr.
The element tol is probably nearly
cognate with the Thible, or Thivel,
of this Gloss., thabble, thavvle of
Clevel. and other districts. Pr. Pm.
gives "Tholle, carte pynne, or tolpyn.
Cavilla ;" and on the coast of the
Eastern Counties, thole, thole-pin sig-
nify the pegs stuck in holes in the
gunwale of a boat for the oars to
work against. Comp. O.N. Ipollr,
Dan. tol, Sw. tulle, Prov. Sw. tdlle,
tolld-pinne, a peg, thole, thole-pin or
peg. Ed.]
Towt, Pr. of taught.
Traans. See Trones.
Track, v.t. to trace. "Ta track a yarr
i' t' snaa " = To trace a hare in the
snow.
Traffick, n. (1) lumber, rubbish. (2)
Eabble, low, rascally people.
Trail, (1) v.i. to loiter. (2) v.t. To drag
along. Fr. trailler, to draw, from
traho. (3) To hunt by the track or
scent.
Trail-hunt, v.i. to hunt with dogs on
the scent of carrion, etc. dragged by
the hand.
Trailtripes, n. a dirty slattern, a dila-
tory person.
Tramp, n. (1) a beggar. (2) A journey.
Tramp, {I) v.t. to trample. (2) v.i. To
travel on foot.
Tramper, n. an itinerating beggar.
Trapes, n. a slattern.
Trapes, v.i. to wander about, generally
in the wet, to ramble in a purpose-
less way.
Trapesing, adj. slow, listless, lazily
flaunting.
88
Traps, n. (1) small tools, implements.
(2) Goods, furniture.
Trapsticks, n. small legs of equal di-
mensions throughout.
Trash, n. something wet and dirty ; as,
"As wet as trash."
Trash, v.i. to tramp about with fatigue,
to be harassed.
Trash, n. a wet walk.
Trashy, adj. wet and dirty.
Trave, v.i. to stride along in long grass
which impedes the feet.
Treacle-butter-cake ; a term for oat-
cake spread over with treacle.
Treddlin's,
Triddlin's,
n. the dung of sheep.
Trekker, Corr. of trigger.
Trennel, n. a stout wooden pin.
Treyad, pret. of To tread, Pr. of tread.
Trier, n. a corn-screen.
Trig, v.t. to fill, to stuff; particularly
the stomach. [chastise.
Trim, v.t. (1) to scold. (2) To beat,
Trimmer, n. (1) a clever, smart fellow.
(2) Anything particularly good.
Trimming, adj. large, huge.
Trinkle. A nasalized form of trickle.
Trip, n. (1) race, family. (2) A brood,
hatching.
Trippet. "Beet tull a trippet"= Ex-
actly right. Another form of trivet.
Trist, n. a cattle market.
Trod, n. a footpath.
?rombobs;|»-thefatestines'triPe-
Trollopish, adj. filthy, dirty, beggarly.
Trones, n. a steelyard. "A pair of
trones^ [Med. Lat. trona, statera
publica, Isl. trana, a crane, rostrum
longiusculum. Jamieson. Ed.]
Tropple. A mode of Pr. of Thropple.
Trot, v.t. to aggravate, to provoke.
Trouan, Corr. of truant.
Trounce, n. a tedious journey.
Trow, v.t. to believe, think, suppose.
Trowan, Corr. of trowel.
Trowl, v.t. to trundle, to roll.
Truck, n. a drag for timber.
Truck, v.i. to traffic by exchange.
Truck-shop, n. a shop at which work-
men receive goods instead of money.
Trump, Jew's, a Jew's-harp. Fr. trompe.
Trunk, n. a wooden conduit or sluice
used for the mouth of drains into
the sea, to prevent the tide running
up the drain.
Trunlin's, n. the dung of sheep. See
Treddlin's.
TR
UN
Trunnel, n. the wheel of a wheelbarrow.
A.S. trendel, a circle, O.Fris. trind,
round.
Truntlement, n. trumpery.
Trussel, Corr. of trestle.
Tuck, n. a short pinafore.
Tuk, pret. of To take.
Tul, prep, to, until. A.S. til, O.N. til,
Dan. til, to, towards.
Tully, n. a bad woman.
Tully whetsom, n. a little wretch.
Tult, Corr. of tul it for to it.
Turn, v.t. to card wool for the first
time on coarse cards.
Tumlin'- shaft, n. a spindle-rod in an
oat-meal mill.
Tumma, Pr. of tul me, to me.
Tummelt, Pr. of tumbled.
Tummle, Pr. of tumble.
Tun-dish, ) n. a wooden funnel
Tunnin'-dish, ) used in brewing.
Tunnel, n. (1) a funnel. (2) An arched
drain.
Tup, n. a ram. Sw. tupp, a cock.
Turbary, ) n. boggy ground, a peat-
Torbary, ] moss.
Tush, Corr. of tusk.
Tuttle, v.i. to whisper.
Twang, n. (1) accent. " He's a south-
country twang wi' him." (2) A sud-
den pang. (3) A quick pull.
Twangles, n. a weak sickly child or
person.
Twanker, n. a large bulky person.
Twea, Pr. of two. O.N. tveir, duo,
A.S. twa.
Twill, Pr. of quilL
Twill, v.t. to weave in a particular
manner.
Twilt, Pr. of quilt.
Twine, v.i. to whine or cry, to murmur
or be fretful.
Twine, v.i. to languish or pine away.
Twinter, n. a two-winter sheep, i.e.
two years old. A.S. twy winter, two
winters or years.
Twiny, adj. (1) fretful, uneasy. (2)
Full of complaint, given to whine or
pule. " She's nobbut a twiny body."
Twish ! interj. an interj. of contempt
Twist, n. a great eater. " He's a rare
twist."
Twisty, adj. fretful, fidgety. Du.
twistigh, contentious, given to strife,
O.N. tvistr, sollicitus, tristis, Dan.
tvistig, at variance, disputable, Sw.
tvist, debate,* dispute, contention.
Twit, n. anything entangled.
Twitch-girse, n. couch grass.
Twitchy, adj. uncertain, acting by fits
and starts.
Twitters, To be in the. To be in
a state of great agitation.
Twitters, n. shreds, fragments.
T witty, adj. ill-tempered, touchy.
Two-double, adj. four-fold.
Tyke. See Tike.
Tyne, v.t. to fasten a door or gate.
See Tine.
U
Ullet, Pr. of owlet. See Hullet.
Um, Corr. of them.
Umber, v.t. to shade, to overshadow.
See Oumer.
Unawar, Pr. of unaware.
Unbain, adj. not civil.
Unbeknaan, adj. unknown.
Unbethink, v.i. to recollect.
Unbund, adj. unbound.
Uncanny, adj. unkind.
Undipped, adj. unshorn.
Uncome, p.p. not come.
Uncoths, n. news. A.S. unciith, strange,
unknown.
Undacent, adj. indecent, unbecoming.
Under, To be at a girt. To be in a
state of thraldom, subdued.
Under, At an. An elliptical expres-
sion, implying that a person or thing
is undervalued.
Underbree, n. a bright light appearing
under clouds.
Underbrig, n. an arch under a road.
Undercut, adj. undermined.
Underdraain', n. a ceiling.
Undergang, v.i. to undergo. A.S.
undergangan.
Undergraaens, n. trees growing under
others.
Underlin', n. an inferior, an assistant,
a servant.
Undermest, adj. the lowest, undermost.
Undermindin', n. the act of under-
mining, trying to take away a per-
son's character.
Underpinning n, (1) the act of insert-
ing a course, or courses, of stones in
a wall at the foundation. (2) The
course or courses so inserted.
Underset, v.t. to insert a course of
masonry in a building just above
the foundation.
89
rar
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Under my wind, I's gitten. Said
when a person has run so fast as to
bring a stitch in bis side and it is
going off again.
Unevven, Pr. of unven.
Ungain, adj. (1) awkward, clumsy. (2)
Bound-about, indirect, inconvenient.
See Gain.
Ungear, v.t. to unharness.
Ungone, adj. only not gone, at the point
of death. " He's just ungone.''''
Unheckled, adj. disordered in dress.
Unhonest, adj. dishonourable.
Unkembed, adj. uncombed ; said of
an undressed cart of hay.
Unkent, adj. unknown, not known.
Unmelled on, p.p. not meddled with.
Unmenseful, adj. indecent, unmannerly.
Unnatterable, adj. ungenial ; said of
weather.
Unnatteral, Pr. of unnatural.
Unperfect, adj. imperfect.
Unpossible, adj. impossible.
Unproper, adj. improper.
Unregular, adj. irregular.
Unrid, v.i. to rid.
Unrip, v.t. to rip open.
Unshaekk'n, Corr. of unshaken.
Unsneck, v.t. to unlatch a door.
Unsoft, adj. hard.
Unsuer, adj. insecure, unsafe.
Untellt, adj. untold.
Up : as in " Then I up an' spak."
Upbraid, v.i. to rise on the stomach.
Up -brow, adv. up hill.
Upho'd, ) (Pr. of up-hold), v.i. (1) to
Up-houd, ] warrant, to vouch for.
" I'll uphod ta," (2) To support, to
maintain. " I'll uphod t' job for a
year;" i.e. maintain it in good order.
Upland, n. high land.
Uppish, adj. proud, insolent.
Uptak, n. the finder of a lost article
demands of the loser some money
for " t' uptak."
Up-waxen, adj. grown to manhood.
Urchin, n. the hedgehog. See Orchin.
Urled, adj. stunted.
Use, n. interest of money.
Use, v.t. to haunt.
Us't at could : used to be able. " I
us't at could dance as weel as any-
body when I was young."
Vaccary, n. a cow-pasture.
Validum, n. value, size. " Net th*
90
validum o' th' black o' my nail" =
Not the size of the black of my nail.
Vamp, v.t. to patch up.
Vamper, v.i. to vapour, to swagger.
Varra, Pr. of very.
Varsal, Corr. of universal.
Vast, n. a great quantity.
Vast, used adverbially ; as Vast lile =
very little.
Vent, n. an opening in a garment.
Ventersome, Pr. of venturesome, rash,
adventurous.
Viewly, ) adj. striking to the eye,
Viewsum, ] handsome.
Virgin-swarm, n. a swarm of bees from
. a swarm of the same season.
VLother, Mother, n. nonsensical talk.
W
Waaken, adj. watchful, not inclined to
sleep when one should .
Waaly, adj. oppressed with woe.
Waammle, v.i. to walk feebly and list-
lessly, to crawl as a worm.
Waar (Pr. of ware), v.t. to spend or lay
out money.
Waater-hen, n. the dabchick.
Waa-worth you, woe betide you, or
woe be to you.
Wabble, v.i. to reel, to shake, or
tremble.
Weck!n;Htoarouse-
Wacker, adj. wakeful, easy to be a-
wakehed.
Wackersom', adj. wakeful.
Wad, n. (1) a large quantity. (2)
Black lead. (3) Pr. of Would.
Wad, n. a line or rank.
Wad, v.t. to set out a line, in land-
surveying or engineering, by putting
in a series of stakes or stubs.
Wad-eater, n. india-rubber, from its
property of taking out the marks of
a wad or black-lead pencil.
Wadeable, adj. fordable.
Waes-me ! interj. woe is me ! A.S. woe,
woe, sorrow.
Waff, n. (1) the movement of a flame
from side to side. (2) A slight blast
or smell.
Waff, v.i, (1) to bark short and sharp.
(2) To emit puffs of steam in the act
of boiling.
Wauflsh, } «#' ^guid,. weak.
Waffle, v.i. to fluctuate, to waver.
WA
WA
Waffler, n. a waverer. A.S. wafol.
Waft, n. a puff, a blast ; applied to wind.
Wag, v.t. to beckon with the hand.
S.G. waagga, motitari, Sw. vagga, to
rock.
Wage, n. pay, wages, reward, hire,
Waggon-stangs, n. the shafts of a
waggon.
Waifinger, n. stray cattle.
Waik, Pr. of weak.
Waiken, Pr. of weaken.
Waikly, Pr. of weakly.
Waint, Corr. of will not.
Wait on, v.i. to wait for.
Wake, n. (1) a night-watch over the
dead. O.N", vaka, vigilia. (2) A
parish festival, a fair or revel.
Wake, v.t. to watch the night with a
corpse.
Wale, v.t. to strike.
Walk. When a fighting-cock is sent
into the country at a distance from
other cocks it is said to be " sent to
walk?
Walla, adj. flat, insipid.
Wallaish, adj. unsavoury, tasteless, in-
sipid, without salt.
Wallas, v. t. to munch or lap up greedily,
as dogs do porridge.
Walsh, adj. watery, insipid.
Wammle, v.i. to move and twist the
body. See Waammle.
Wamp, n. (1) a wasp. (2) A young child.
Wampish, adj. irritable, tetchy.
Wan, pret. of To win.
Wand, n. a collection of twigs used for
correction.
Wand, pret. of To wind.
Wanded, adj. made of boughs or twigs.
"A wanded chair."
Wandy, adj. long and flexible, like a
wand.
Wangle, v.i. to totter, to walk feebly.
Wang-tenth, n. an axle or molar tooth.
Wankle, adj. (1) weak, loose. " Wankle
hod " = Loose hold. (2) Unstable,
unsteady, supple, pliant. A.S. wancol,
unstable.
Wanty, adj. deficient. "A wanty
playas"=A hole or hollow place, or
other deficiency, in a board or other
substance.
Waps, n. a wasp. AS. weeps.
War, adv. aware. A.S. war.
War, adj. worse.
War', v.t. to spend, to lay out. See
Waar.
Warble, n. a large maggot bred under
the skin of cattle (being the larva of
the ox gad-fly) and forming a lump
in the skin. A.S. wear, a knot,
Warda', n. a work-day. " Sunday and
war da" = On Sunday and the days
of toil.
Warish, v.t. to recover from sickness.
" He'll never warish on it "= He will
not get over it.
Warish, adj. unsavoury.
Wark, Pr. of work.
Wark, v.i. to ache. A.S. wcerc, pain,
N.Fris. warke, S.G. woerka, dolere.
Wark, n. (1) work. (2) Ache.
Wark-fowk (Pr. of work-folk), n.
labourers.
Warm, v.t. to beat. "I'll warm thy
jacket for tha," or, "thy back."
Warming, n. a beating.
Warn, v.t. to deny, to forbid.. O.N.
varna, prohibere, obstare, S.G. warna.
Warn'd, Pr. of warrant. " I'll a warnd
ya"= I'll warrant ye.
Warp, (1) v.t. to cast. (2) v.i. To be-
come crooked, to bend.
Warr'd (p.p of To war'), spent.
Warridge, n. the withers of a horse.
Warse, adj. worse.
Warsen, v.i. to become worse. O.N.
versna.
Warst, adj. worst.
War-wing ! An exclamation made use
of by hunters when hounds run after
pheasants, partridges, etc.
Washer, n. an iron hoop which serves
to keep the iron pin at the end of
the axletree from wearing the nave.
Waspish, adj. testy, irritable.
Wassail, n. "As waik as a wassail ;"
a very common expression to denote
extreme weakness.
Wasset, n. a kind of crab-apple.
Waste, ) n. a consumption, a de-
Wasting, ] cline.
Wastrel, n. a profligate, a prodigal.
Wastrels, n. imperfect bricks, china,
bobbins, etc. [amnis.
Wath, n. a ford. O.N. vd$, vadum
Watter (Pr. of water), n. a river or
brook.
Watter-blobs, n. bubbles of air rising
to the surface of the water.
Watter-brash, n. a rising of acid or
acrid matter from the stomach to
the mouth.
Watter-foore (Pr. of water furrow), n.
a gutter or open drain, often made
with the plough.
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Watter-shaks, n. cracks in the soil,
into which rain-water enters, causing
them to widen, and which, when
near a precipice, ultimately cause a
fall of land there.
Waul, v.i. to squeak, to cry out. See
Yowl.
Wax, v.i. to grow, to increase.
Wax-kernels, n. enlarged or inflamed
glands in the neck, often found in
growing youths.
Waygoing-crop, n. a certain propor-
tion of the corn belonging to the
tenant who is leaving a farm.
Way- warden,™, a surveyor of highways.
Wea, adj. sorry for.
Weaky, adj. moist, watery.
Wear. A form of war'.
Wearing, n. a consumption.
Weary, adj. (1) troublesome, vexatious.
(2) Bad ; as, " Ye've a weary fire " =
A very bad one.
Webster, n. a weaver.
Weddher, Pr. of wether.
Weddher-breeder, n. a sudden fine day
of extraordinary beauty, followed
often by rain and storm.
Weddher-dog, n. a broken rainbow : —
"A dog at night
Is a farmer's delight."
See Dog.
Weddin'er, n. a guest at a wedding.
Week, v.i. to squeak, to whine, as a
little pig.
Ween, v.t. (1) to think, to suppose. (2)
To guess.
Weeny, adj. very small, little.
Wees' : we shaU. " Wees] net"=We
shall not.
Weigh saut, To. A game in which
two persons stand back to back, with
their arms linked together, and alter-
nately lift each other.
Weigh-balk, ) n. the beam of a pair
Weigh-beam, \ of scales.
Weight, n. a great number or quantity.
Weish, n. stale urine.
Weish, Pr. of wash.
Weish-hooal, n. a sink-hole.
Weishy, adj. thin, watery, weak, insipid.
Well, v.t. to weld.
Well, v.i. to boil. O.N. vella, ebullire,
decoquere.
Well-head, n. (1) a fountain, a spring.
Thence (2), the fountain or origin of
anything.
Welly, adv. very near.
Welt, n. ribbed knitting.
92
Welt, v.t. to overset, to overturn. O.N.
velta, volvere, volvi, Dan. vcelte, to
upset, to overturn.
Welter, v.i. to reel or stagger.
Wend, v.i. to go.
Went, p.p. of To go.
Wer, poss. pron. our.
"Werret )
Werry,' ( v,t' to tease> to won7-
Wersels, pers. pron. ourselves.
Wesh, pr. of To wash.
Wesh-dub, n. a pool to wash sheep in.
Wesher. See Washer.
Wessel, v.t. to beat.
Wessling, n. a good beating.
Wete, ) v.t. to know. S.G. weta, scire,
Wit, ) M.G. vitan, Du. weten, Sw.
veta, to know.
Wete (or wit), To let. To give inform-
ation, cause to know. See Let wit.
Wet-hand, n. a drunken fellow.
Wha, Pr. of who.
Whaas, Pr. of whose.
Whacker-gerse, n. the plant cow-quake
{Briza media, Linn.).
Whaker, Pr. of quaker.
Wha Tie' C v,i' *° coax> ^° entice.
Whale, v.t. to thrash, to beat.
Whalin', n. a beating or thrashing.
Whang, v.t. to throw with violence.
Whang, n. (1) a thong. (2) A leathern
tie for a boot or shoe. AS.
a thong, S.G. twang e, lorum.
Whangby, n. very hard cheese made
of skimmed milk.
Whanging, adj. stout, lusty.
Wharel, ) n. a stone quarry. Wharel-
Wharl, ) flat, a stone quarry near
Carke, now called Quarry-flat. O.Fr.
quarriere. (The wh is pronounced
with a whistled aspirate).
Wharl (Pr. of whorl), n. a small wheel
or spindle.
Warry, Pr. of quarry. See Wharl.
What for ? For what reason ?
Whatsomever, rel. pron. whatever.
Wheal, n. a blister.
Wheam, adj. (1) soft, quiet, mild in
character. (2) Smooth, sheltered.
Wheamly, adv. (1) slily, deceitfully.
(2) Smoothly.
Whean, v.t. to coax, to flatter. "What a
whednan way she hez ! " See Whain.
Whelk,
Whelker,
n. a thump or blow.
Whelkin', adj. very large.
WH
WI
Whemmle, v.t. to turn anything up-
side down.
Whensomiver, adv. whenever.
Whether, adj. which of the two. " I
can't tell whether's whether."
Whew,
Whewt,
v.t. to whistle.
Whew, n. a sudden vanishing away.
Whew, v.i. (1) to fly hastily. (2) To
make great speed. (3) To throw.
WMther ' \ vd' to shake> to tremble-
Whiff, n. a glimpse.
Whiffle, v.i. (1) to flutter, to hesitate,
to be unsteady. (2) Not to adhere
to one's word or bargain. (3) To
talk wildly, inconsistently.
Whiffler, n. a waverer, a person un-
steady of purpose, a vacillating char-
acter. A.S. wcejlere, a whiffler, a
blabber.
Whiffle-whaffle, n. nonsense.
Whiffling, adj. uncertain.
Whig, n. butter-milk.
Whig, n. a kind of sweetened bun with
currants in it.
While, adv. until. "Stay tha theyar
while I cum back"= Stay thou there
until I return.
Whimple, v.i. to sob and cry as a
child.
Whims, n. a windlass.
Whim- wham, n. a thin piece of wood
with a notched edge, which, being
swung round swiftly on a string,
yields a humming or buzzing sound.
WTiim-whams, n. trifles, children's
toys.
Whin, n. furze.
Whinge, v.i. to whine. S.G. wenga,
plorare.
Whipstock, n. the handle of a whip.
Whirl-beyan, n. the cap of the knee,
patella.
Whirly-spout, n. poor weak beer.
Whishion, Pr. of cushion.
Whisht, adj. (1) silent. "As whisht as
mice." Sw. hwiska, to whisper. (2)
Gentle. ' ' Varra whisht " = Very gentle.
Whish ! interj. be silent ! hush !
Whisk, v.t. to switch.
Whisk, Corr. of whist.
Whisket, n. a two-handled basket, used
both in the house and in the farm
yard, made of long slices of willow
or other tough wood.
Whiskin', adj. large.
Whisky, n. a kind of gig.
White, v.t. to cut wood with a knife,
to whittle, to cut into chips. A.S.
pwitan, to cut off.
White it = The deuce take it.
White, interj. a call to ducks.
White, n. a mark for an arrow or other
shooting apparatus. Du. wit, a white
or mark in a butt.
White-crop, n. corn, in contradistinc-
tion to green-crop, as turnips, pota-
toes, beans, etc.
WTiitensh, In..
Whiteheft, \ n' flatter^' cunnmg-
White-goulds, n. a name for the ox-
eyed daisy.
White-herrin', n. a pickled herring.
White-money, n. silver money.
White-puddin', n. a sort of sausage,
distinguished from black-pudding
by its containing no blood.
Whither, n. whirr, noise, occasioned
by resistance of the air to the rapid
passage through it of some bulky
object.
Whitherer, adj. a strong and stout
person. [ing.
Whitherin', adj. strong, lusty, astound-
Whitin's, n. small chips made with a
knife in cutting a stick.
WTiitten, p.p. of To white.
WTiittle, n. a butcher's slaughtering
knife. A.S. p wit el.
Whittle, v.t. to cut.
Whittled, adj. drunk.
Whittle-geyat, n. the privilege of a
free knife and fork at another's table.
Whittle-ta-whet, v.t. to sharpen, to
set an edge on.
Whizz, v.i. to hiss, to buzz.
Whizzen, v.i, to whine.
WTiizzer, n. a falsehood.
Whummel (Corr. of wimble), n. an
auger of large size.
WTiya, adv. well !
Wi', Corr. of with.
Wibble-wabble, adv. unsteadily.
Wick, n. a quickset plant. A.S. cwic.
Wick, adj. quick, alive, alert. A.S. cwic.
Wicked, adj. dangerous.
Wicked, adv. used intensitively ; as,
" It's a wicked bad un ; " not un-
common, said of things.
Wicken, (1) v.t. to quicken. (2) v.i.
To become alive. A.S. cvncian.
Wickenin', n. yeast.
Wicks, n. maggots in sheep.
Wicks, n. twitch or couch-grass. A.S.
cwice.
93
WI
WE,
Wicksands, n. quicksands. O.N. qvik-
sandr, syrtes.
Wickwoods, n. (1) quickset plants.
(2) Live wood or trees in fences.
Widdy, ) n. (1) a willow. (2) A tough
"Withy, ) band twisted of osier rods
partially dried at the fire. A.S.
wiftfte, a twisted rod, a willow, a
band. Sw. vidja, willow, twig.
Widdle, v.t. to deceive, to beguile.
Widdn't, Corr. of will not.
Wide-gobbed, adj. wide-mouthed.
Wide-oppen, adj. Pr. of wide open.
Widow bewitched, n. a woman who is
separated from her husband.
Wie, n. a female calf.
Wiet, Pr. of quiet.
Wietly, Pr. of quietly.
Wife, n. a woman, whether married or
not. A.S. wif, a woman, a female.
Wife-muddher, n. a mother-in-law.
Wiggle, v.i. to reel or stagger.
Wild, adj. crazy, furious.
Wild-fire, n. the erysipelas.
WiU. "How far is it to Hotun ? "
" Let's see, it'll be better an a mile
an a hofe."
Wince, v.i. to hesitate, to desist.
Winch, v.t. to wind up anything with
a windlass or crane.
Wind, v.t. to winnow corn.
Wind, v.t. to wind.
Winda-peeper, n. the district surveyor
of taxes.
Winda-shut, n. window-shutter.
Wind-bands, n. long clouds supposed
to indicate stormy weather.
Winder, v.i. to pine away, to decline.
Windle, n. a bushel.
Wind-raa, n. a row of turf set up to
dry in the sun and wind.
Wind-sauker (Corr. of wind-sucker),
n. the kestrel.
Wind-shaks, n. cracks in wood.
Windy, adj. talkative, noisy.
Winesaur, n. a sort of large plum.
Winking, adj. dozing, sleeping.
Winn el, n. a bushel. W. gwyntel, a
basket, A.S. windel, a basket.
Winnel-straw, n. (1) dry or old grass
stems. (2) A long kind of bent grass.
A.S. windel-streow, straw for plait
ing.
Winnymer, n. a very poor cheese.
Winsome, adj. lively, gay, cheerful.
A.S. winsum, pleasant.
Winteridge, n. winter eatage for cattle.
Wi' out, Pr. of without.
94
Wise-like, adj. possessing the appear-
ance of wisdom or propriety. A.S.
wislic, wise, prudent.
Wise-man, n. a conjurer, a sage, a
wizard,
Wissand (Corr. of weasand), n. the
throat, the gullet.
Wit, n. sense, intelligence. O.N. vit,
sana mens, intellectus, ingenium.
Wi' 't, Pr. of with the.
Witch, v.t. to bewitch.
Witch, n. a wizard. " It was oalus said
that Nathaniel Withers was a witch."
Witch- wand, n. a twig of the mountain
ash, once used to find minerals.
Wite, Corr. of requite.
Wite, v.t. to blame, to reproach. " 'Od
wite it ! " an imprecation = God
punish it. A.S. witan, to punish, to
blame, O.N. vita, reprehendere, S.G.
wita, punire, mulctare.
Wite, n. (1) blame. " He set 't wite a
me." (2) The money paid as com-
pensation for a crime. A.S. wite,
punishment, a fine, torture, N.Fris.
wite, O.N. viti, S.G. wite.
Withy- wand, n. a willow wand, a twig.
Witing, n. knowledge, acquaintance
with anything.
Witter, n. a barb, as on a fish-hook.
Witter-huked, adj. barbed.
Wittering, n. a hint, knowledge, idea.
Wive, v.t. to marry. A.S. wijian, to
take a wife, to marry.
Wizzen,v. i. to wither away, to shrivel up.
Wizzened, adj. parched or shrivelled
up. Sw. vissen, withered, faded.
Wonst, adv. once,
Woodbund, adj. said of a drawer, etc.
which will not open from being
swelled with damp, etc.
Words, They had had a few. Had
had a quarrel.
Worry, v.t. to choke.
Worseler, Pr. of wrestler.
Worsen, v.i. to grow worse,
Wirsle ' ( v'^" *° wres^e- Du. worstelen.
Wot, v.t. to know. " I wot not when."
Wote, v.t. to overturn a cart.
Wottin'ly, adv. designedly.
Wowl, v.i. to howl, to cry.
Wraith, n. the shaft of a cart.
Wrang, pret. of To wring.
Wrang, v.t. to wrong, to do injustice by.
Wranglesome, adj. cross, quarrelsome.
WR
YU
Wreck, n. the line of sea-weed on the
shore.
Wrecklin', n. (1) the smallest and
weakest of a brood, (2) An unhealthy,
feeble child. [Cf. S.Jutl. vrag, vrdg-
ling, vragsel, vragsling, with the same
sense, Dan. vrag, that which is re-
jected or put on one side as inferior.
Ed.].
Wree against, v.t. to insinuate to a
person's disadvantage.
Wreeden, adj. peevish, cross.
Wrigglety, adj. awry, crooked, all on
one side.
Wrigglety-wry, adj. awry, all on one
side, crooked.
Writings, n. title deeds, written secu-
rities.
Wrout, Pr. of wrought.
Wrussle, Pr. of wrestle.
Wund, Pr. of wound.
Wusset, Pr. of worsted.
Ya (pr. yah) num. adj. one.
Yacker, Pr. of acre.
Yaff, v.i. to bark.
Yak, Pr. of oak.
Yal, Pr. of ale.
Yalla-pumps, n. very young calves ;
so called from their hoofs being yel-
low when calved.
Yallas, n. yellows, the jaundice.
Yallow-y o wring, n. the yellow-hammer.
Yam, Pr. of home.
Yammer, v.i. (1) to make a loud, dis-
agreeable noise. (2) To yearn after.
Yan, num. adj. one.
Yance, adv. once.
Yan's : one's.
Yansel, pers. pron. oneself.
Yanst, adv. once.
Yark, n. to strike hard, to beat.
Yarker, n. something very large.
Yarkin', adj. (1) huge. (2) Severe.
"A girt yarkin blaa."
Yarn, Pr. of earn.
Yarnut, Pr. of earthnut (Bunium
jlexuosum, Linn.).
Yarrish, adj. of a harsh taste.
Yeack, Pr. of oak.
Yeap'm, v.i. to hiccough.
Yearbs, Pr. of herbs.
Yearles, n. See Aries.
Yearth, Pr. of earth.
Yebble, Pr. of able.
Yedders, n. wattling bands for hedges.
Yelper, n. a young dog.
Yemman (Pr. of yeoman), n. a person
of moderate independent landed pro-
perty.
Yep ! interj. a word of command to
horses.
Yep-sintle, two handfuls.
Yer, poss. pron. your.
Yerd-band, ) n. a yardwand, a rod of
Yerdwand, \ a yard in length.
Yersel, pron. yourself.
Ye's, you shall. " We waint be said
nay, ye's stop and hev a bit a dinner
wi' us." A common form of rural
hospitality.
Yet, n. a gate.
Yet-stoop, n. a gate-post.
Yilp, v.i. to chirp as young birds do.
Yocken, v.i. (1) to make a noise in the
throat as if swallowing something.
(2) To choke.
Yode (Corr. of jade), n. a horse, a
riding horse.
Yok', v.t. to yoke. " Toh t' horse inta
t' cart."
Yok', n. a yoke.
Yon, adv. yonder, somewhat at a dis-
tance.
Youngermer, adj. younger.
Yow, n. an ewe.
Yower, n. an udder.
Yowl, v.i. (1) to yelp or bark like a
dog. (2) To yell, to bellow.
Yule, n. Christmas.
Yule-log, n. a large piece of firewood
laid on the fire on Christmas-eve ;
also called a Kersmas stock. Dan.
Juul, Christmas, Yule,
STEPHEN AUSTIN, PRINTER, HERTFORD.
95
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