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A  GLOSSARY  OF  THE  DIALECT 

OF  THE 

HUNDRED  OF  LONSDALE, 

NOETH  AND  SOUTH  OF  THE  SANDS, 

IN  THE  COUNTY  OF  LANCASTER. 


BY   THE   LATE 


ROBERT   BACKHOUSE   PEACOCK 


EDITED   BY 


THE  EEV.  J.  C.  ATKINSON, 

AUTHOR  OF   "A  GLOSSARY  OF  THE  DIALECT  OF  CLEVELAND,"   ETC.,    ETC. 


J-,    *        o 


I     ,   •)        <>      1  t> 


PUBLISHED  FOR  THE  PHILOLOGICAL  SOCIETY  BY 

ASHER   &   CO. 

LONDON:  13,  BEDFORD  STREET,  CONVENT  GARDEN. 

BERLIN :  20,  UNTER  DEN  LINDEN. 

1869. 


HERTFORD : 

PRINTED   BY  STEPHEN   AUSTIN. 

57^0 


INTEODUCTION. 


The  materials  from  which  the  following  pages  have  been  com- 
>  piled  and  printed  were  left  by  their  lamented  collector  in  a 
*  trough  and  undigested  condition.  There  were  abundant  evidences 
of  extreme  diligence  in  collection;  but  it  was  at  the  same  time 
evident  that  the  task  of  arrangement  and  compression — certainly 
not  second  in  difficulty,  or  in  importance,  to  that  of  compilation — 
had  not  as  yet  been  commenced  upon.  Still,  the  quantity  of 
valuable  matter  contained  in  the  extensive  pile  of  material  was 
so  distinctly  apparent,  that  it  was  an  exercise  of  the  soundest 
judgment  which  recommended  publication. 

The  task  of  the  Editor,  however,  in  selecting  and  preparing 
for  the  press  was  far  less  easy  and  self-explanatory.  On  the 
one  hand,  was  the  desire  to  preserve  as  much  as  possible  of  the 
Author's  work :  on  the  other,  the  necessity  of  removing  redun- 
dancies, excluding  repetitions,  grouping  varying  forms,  system- 
atising  and  bringing  under  one  head  various  distinct  or  separate 
notes,  explanations  and  illustrations  of  one  or  the  same  word,  or 
its  differing  forms.  And  these  objects  were  not  easily  reconcilable. 
The  practical  rule  eventually  adopted  by  the  present  Editor  was 
to  put  himself,  as  far  as  possible,  in  the  place  of  the  author,  as 
occupied  with  the  labour  of  reducing  his  rough  materials  into 
workable  form  ;*  and  the  only  deviations,  in  practice,  from  the  rule 
adopted,  have  been  in  the  direction  of  sympathy  with  the  author 
rather  than  with  the  critic.  A  very  considerable  number  of  the 
words  collected  proved,  on  inspection,  to  be  simply  familiar  words 
in  common  use  among  the  unlearned  throughout  the  English  pro- 
vinces. These,  as  being  equally  of  no  specific  value  or  interest, 
and  as  greatly  increasing  the  bulk  of  the  volume,  have,  generally 
speaking,  been  excluded.  Others,  as  mere  orthographical  vari- 
ations of  the  same  word,  have  been  dealt  with  on  the  same 
principle.     But  it  is  to  be  hoped  that  nothing  whatever  of  any 


Vlll 


INTRODUCTION. 


value,  and,  least  of  all,  any  distinct  phonetic  form  or  decided 
dialect  word,  has  been  neglected  or  omitted. 

It  will  probably  be  remarked  by  some  into  whose  hands  the 
Glossary  will  pass,  as  it  has  been  by  the  editor,  that  a  considerable 
number  of  the  words  in  the  Glossary,  jointly  with  their  definitions, 
appear  to  have  been  taken  bodily  from  Halliwell's  "  Dictionary  of 
Archaic  and  Provincial  Words."  This  is  explained  by  a  note  from 
the  late  Herbert  Coleridge  to  Mr.  Peacock,  recommending  him  (in 
reference  to  a  suggestion  evidently  originating  with  Mr.  Peacock 
himself  on  going  through  Halliwell's  Dictionary  in  connection 
with  his  own  collections  and  researches)  to  mark  all  the  words 
he  might  identify. as  belonging  to  that  district  of  Lancashire  the 
dialect  of  which  he  purposed  to  illustrate.  In  some  instances 
the  definitions  attached  to  these  words  have  been  slightly  modified, 
or,  perhaps,  remodelled ;  but,  of  the  majority,  it  will  be  seen  that 
they  are  left  as  copied  by  Mr.  Peacock. 

In  only  a  very  few  cases  has  the  editor  taken  upon  himself 
to  introduce  any  new  matter ;  and,  in  these  few,  only  with  a  view 
to  illustration  where  illustration  seemed  to  be  called  for,  or  likely 
to  add  to  the  interest  of  the  Glossary  itself.  In  every  such  case, 
whensoever  the  addition  exceeds  two  or  three  words  in  length,  the 
matter  added  is  marked  off  from  the  context  by  brackets,  and  the 
syllable  Ed.  is  printed  at  its  end. 

Subjoined  is  a  list  of  the  abbreviations  and  contractions  em- 
ployed in  the  body  of  the  Glossary. 

J.  0.  ATKINSON. 

LIST  OF  CONTRACTIONS  AND  ABBREVIATIONS  EMPLOYED 
IN  THE  GLOSSARY. 


A.S.  Anglo-Saxon. 
O.E.  Old  English. 

E.  English. 
O.N.  Old  Norse. 

Sw.  Swedish. 
O.Sw.  Old  Swedish. 
Sw.  D.  Swedish  Dialect. 
Dan.  Danish. 


Dan.D.  Danish  Dialect. 

S.G.  Suio-Gothic. 

M.G.  Maeso-Gothic. 

W.  Welsh. 

G.  Gaelic. 

M.  Manx. 

Bret.  Breton. 

Fr.  French. 


O.Fr.  Old  French. 
M.L.  Mediaeval  Latin. 

D.  Dutch. 
G.  or  Germ.  German. 

Pr.  Pronunciation. 

pr.  pronounced. 

Corr.  Corruption. 

Contr.  Contraction. 


GLOSSARY. 


A,  Corr.  of  ha'e  for  E.  have  :  as,  "  I 
sud  a  sent,"  for  "I  should  have  sent." 

A, prep,  in,  on.  O.N.  a,  in,  on;  [A.S. 
and  O.E.  on,  changed  into  a  in  com- 
pound mod.  E.  words,  as,  away  = 
A.S.  onweg,  abroad  =  OJE.  on  brede. 
Ed.]  as,  "Don't  du  a  that  way"  = 
A  Don't  do  it  in  that  way. 

A  (pr.  yah  or  ad,  the  first  a  as  in  hate, 
the  second  as  in  Noah),  num.  adj. 
one.  S.-G.  a.  "In  pluribus  Suio- 
gothise  partibus  unitatis  nota  est,  ut 
a  man,  vir  unus," 

A,  used  for.  (1)  You..  (2)  He  ;  as,  "  Is 
a  gaain  Ooston  to-day  ?"= Are  you 
going  to  Ulverstone  to-day  ?  Comp. 
"A'  babbled  of  green  fields,"  King 
Henry  V.  ii.  3. 

Aa,  v.t.  to  owe.  O.N.  a  pres.  of  eiga, 
to  own  ;  hverr  a  ?  who  owns  ? 

Aad  (the  two  a's  pr.  as  the  first  and 
second  in  Harland,  respectively),  adj. 
1.  Old  ;  as,  Aad  Harry,  Aad  Scratch, 
terms  for  the  devil ;  Aad  Kersmas, 
Christmas  reckoned  by  the  old  style ; 
Aad  file,  an  old  miser  ;  Aad  sang,  a 
trifle.  2.  (metaph.)  Experienced,  not 
easily  taken  in  ;  as,  Aad  hand,  a 
knowing  or  expert  person  ;  Aad 
stager,  one  well  initiated  in  any- 
thing. 

Aad  wife  hake,  a  term  for  a  rural  festi- 
val, at  which  old  and  young  dance 
together. 

Aan,  pron.  Pr.  of  own.  O.Fris.  ain, 
M.G.  aigan,  A.S.  dgen,  own,  be- 
longing to  oneself. 

Aan,  v.t.  (1)  to  own,  have  belonging ; 
as,  "Its  aaenH  (or  aaertd)  bi  him" 
=He  is  the  owner.     (2)  To  acknow- 

B 


AC 

ledge,  thence  to  visit ;  as,  "  Ye  niv- 
ver  aan  us  now  ; "  i.e.  never  visit  us, 
or  claim  us  as  friends.  A.S.  agan, 
to  own. 

Aaned,  p.p.  of  aan,  to  own. 

Aaner,  n.  an  owner. 

Aansel,  pron.  one's  own  self. 

Aback,  adv.  in  the  rear,  behind. 

Aback-a-behint,  very  far  behind  or  in 
the  rear. 

Aback-o-beyont,  at  a  very  great  dis- 
tance away. 

Abaiyed,  Pr.  of  abode. 

Abbut,  Pr.  of  aye  but. 

Abe,  Let  me  =  Let  me  alone. 

Abeear,  )  v.t.  to  bear,  to  tolerate.  AS. 

Abere,    )      aberan,  to  bear,  to  suffer. 

Abidden,  p.p.  of  To  abide  ;  endured. 

Ablish,  adj.  rather  able ;  of  tolerable 
pecuniary  means. 

Abode,  pret.  of  To  abide  ;  endured. 

Aboon,  adv.  above,  overhead,  more 
than  ;  as,  "  T'  meer  dud  kick  aboon 
a  bit "  =  The  mare  did  kick  more 
than  a  little,  i.e.  excessively. 

Abrede,  adj.  abroad,  spread  out,  "  His 
hay  is  o  abrede,"  i.e.  all  spread  out. 
A.S.  abredan,  to  extend. 

■  (  ^orr-  °*  because. 

Accorah-earth,  n.  green  arable  earth. 

Achelor,  n.  hewn  stone ;  Pr.  of  Ashlar. 

Ack,  v.t.  to  mind,  to  regard ;  as, 
"  Never  ack  "  =  Never  mind.  Sw. 
ahta,  to  mind,  to  care. 

A-cock-horse,  used  adjectively,  trium- 
phant. 

Acreak'd,  adj.  crooked,  awry. 

Acren,  n.  an  acorn.  A.S.  wceren,  M.G. 
akran. 

1 


AC 


AN 


Acruk'd,  adj.  crooked,  awry. 

Actilly,  Oorr.  of  actually. 

Adam  and  Eve,  a  name  for  the  bulbs 
of  the  Orchis  maculata. 

Addle,  v.i.  to  adhere  together,  to  co- 
agulate. 

Addle,  v.t.  to  earn.  O.N.  odlaz,  to  ac- 
quire, gain. 

Addled,  adj.  rotten,  decayed  ;  as, 
"  an  addled  egg."  W.  hadlu,  to  de- 
cay, to  grow  rotten  ;  A.S.  ddl,  sick, 
ill,  corrupted,  putrid. 

Addle-headed,  adj.  stupid,  of  defec- 
tive intellect,  without  the  power  of 
thought. 

Addlin's,  n.  labourers'  wages. 

Adone !  (Corr.  of  have  done !)  cease  !  be 
quiet ! 

Adoors,  prep,  at  the  door,  i.e.  out- 
side. 

Adzooks,  interj.  an  exclamation  or 
petty  oath. 

Ae !  interj.  Oh  !  "Ae,  what  a  seet  o' 
apples  that  tree  hev  on  it ! v 

Afeard,  adj.  afraid. 

Affend,  Corr.  of  offend. 

Aibor,  adv.  and  prep,  before,  forward, 
A.S.  for,  Du.  voor,  before. 

Afooretime,  adv.  in  time  past. 

Afoot,  adv.  on  foot. 

Afront,  adv.  in  front. 

Again,  prep,  against.  A.S.  and  O.Fris. 
agen,  O.N.  gegn,  contra. 

Agate,  To  be,  to  be  afoot,  agoing,  at 
work,  or  occupied  in  doing  a  thing. 

Agate,  To  get,  to  get  to  work,  to  have 
commenced. 

Agate,  To  set,  to  set  agoing,  put  on 
foot,  originate  work. 

Agee  (g  soft),  adj.  awry,  oblique, 
askew. 

Agin,  conj.  as  if. 

Agistment,  n.  the  feeding  of  cattle  in 
a  common  pasture,  for  a  stipulated 
price. 

Agoy,  interj.  a  petty  oath. 

Agreeably,  adv.  in  an  uniform  man- 
ner, in  a  way  perfectly  alike. 

Agrund,  adv.  on  the  ground. 

Ah,  but,  a  form  implying  dissent, 
nearly = Nay,  but. 

Ahint,  adv.  and  prep,  behind. 

Ahn,  poss.  pron.  own.    See  Aan. 

Ahuh,  adj.  awry,  aslant.  A.S.  awoh, 
awry. 

Aiable  (Corr.  of  able),  adj.  wealthy. 

Aidher,  )  adj.   either.      O.Fris.   aider, 

Aither,  ]     each,  every  ;  A.S.  cegper. 

2 


jM*  }  short  for  Alice. 

Aiqual,  Pr.  of  equal. 

Aire,  n.  land  warped  up  by  floods  or 
tides,  and  now  or  once  liable  to  be 
overflowed  by  them. 

Aish,  n.  an  ash  tree. 

Alang,  adv.  along. 

Alang  of,  in  consequence  of,  or  owing  to. 

Alayan,  )  adv.    alone.       Dan.    allene, 

Alean,     ]      Du.  aleen  or  alleen. 

Alayat,  adv.  of  late,  lately. 

Aid,  Pr.  of  old. 

Ale,  n.  a  rural  festival,  a  merry  meet- 
ing. Bride-a?e  and  church-a^e  are 
terms  for  a  wedding  supper  and  a 
church  festivity.  Cf.  Dan.  arvol, 
Sw.  arfol.  Mulled-a£e  is  ale  boiled 
with  sugar,  spice,  etc. 

Aleven,  Corr.  of  eleven. 

Aliblaster,  n.  alabaster.  Gr.  dxdpaaTpos, 
M.G.  alabalstraun. 

Allaz,  Corr.  of  aloes. 

Allecar,  )   n.    alegar,    vinegar    made 

Allekur,  ]     from  ale. 

Alley,  n.  the  aisle  of  a  church. 

All-hallows,  a  name  for  All  Saints' 
Day  (1st  Nov.). 

All-of-a-heugh,  adj.  all  on  one  side. 
A.S.  awoh,  crookedly.     See  Ahuh. 

All-overish,  adj.  neither  sick  nor  well. 

Amackily,  adv.  a  little  so,  in  some 
fashion,  partly. 

Amain,  adv.  lustily. 

Amaiyast, " 

Ameast,      \  Corr.  of  almost. 


Amooast, 

Amang,  Northumb.  form  of  among. 

Amang-hands,     used    adverbially    of 

work    done    at    intervals    amongst 

other  business. 
An,  adv.  than.     O.N.  en,  Du.  an,  than. 
An,  conj.  if.     "He'll   cum   an  a  sed 

sooa"  =  He  will  come  if  he  said  so. 

S.G.  am,  if.     Comp.  Gr.  4av. 
An  (pr.  yan),   num.  adj.  one.     Used 

absolutely,  as  A  or  Aa  is  joined  to  a 

noun  ;  as,  "  That's  an  of  them,"  "Aa 

cow,"  "Aa  sheep." 
An',  Contr.  of  and. 

Ananters,  )  conj.  in  case  that,  if  per- 
Anters,       \     adventure.  Fr.  aventure. 

an  adventure,  chance,  hap,  in  O.E., 

aunter. 
Aneath,  Corr.  of  beneath. 
An  end  (Corr.  of  on  end),  upright. 
Anenst,  prep,  against,  opposite  to,  over 

against.     Comp.  Gr.  ivarnos. 


AN 


AT 


Anew,  adv.   afresh,  again  ;    as,   "  I'll 

try  my  hand  anew" 
Angle -berry,  n.  a  sore  under  the  hoof 

of  an  animal. 
Angnail,  n.  a  corn  upon  the  toe. 
Angs,  n.  the  beard  of  barley.     N.Fris. 

agen,   O.N.  agnir  (pi.  of  b'gri),  Sw. 

agnar,  Fin.  akana,  Gr.  axva,  chaff, 

awns. 
Anif.     Used  for  if. 
An-o,  Corr.  of  and  all;  sometimes  = 

also. 
Ankle-jacks,  n.-&  sort  of  quarter  boots. 

Anthony's -fire,  n.  erysipelas.  Du. 
Anthonis  vyer,  erysipelas. 

Anto  (Corr.  of  an  thou),  if  thou. 

Anudder,  Corr.  of  another. 

Apace,  adv.  by  degrees  ;  as,  "  He  will 
get  on  apace  "  =  He  will  do  what  he 
is  about  by  degrees  or  in  time. 

Ape,  n.  a  fool,  a  wayward  child.  O.N. 
api,  homo  fatuus,  insipidus,  stultus. 

Apieces,  Corr.  of  in  pieces. 

A-pigga-back,  said  of  a  mode  of  car- 
rying a  child  on  one's  back,  with  his 
legs  under  one's  arms,  and  his  arms 
round  one's  neck. 

SgSSJ  *»"!"»• 

Apricock,  n.  an  apricot. 

Apron,  n.  the  fat  skinny  covering  of 
the  belly  of  a  duck  or  goose. 

Argufy,  v.i.  (1)  to  argue.  (2)  To  signify. 

Ark,  n.  in  the  north  of  England  the 
large  chests  in  farm-houses,  used 
for  keeping  meal  or  flour,  are  so 
called ;  they  are  usually  made  of 
oak,  and  are  sometimes  elaborately 
carved. 

Ark,  Noah's,  n.  clouds  in  lines  con- 
verging to  two  points  on  opposite 
parts  of  the  sky,  with  some  resem- 
blance to  the  planks  of  a  boat  or 
ship.  [The  name  is  a  Corr.  of  '  Noe- 
ship,'  Prov.  Sw.  Noaskeppet,  in 
which  Noe  is  a  Corr.  of  Odin. 
Weather  auguries  are  derived  from 
'Noah's  Ship'  or  Ark.'  Ed.] 

Aries,  n.  earnest  money  (generally 
Is.),  given  on  hiring  a  servant  to 
bind  th  e  bargain.  Gael,  arias,  earnest- 
money,  M.  earlys,  earnest. 

Am,  Corr.  of  earn. 

Arnest-money,  deposit-money  given  to 
bind  a  bargain  on  hiring  a  servant, 
etc.  Comp.  W.  ernes,  earnest-money. 


Arr,  n.  a  scar  or  pockmark.  Dan.  ar, 
S.G.  airr,  Sw.  arr,  N.Fris.  aar,  a  scar, 
cicatrix,  seam. 

Arrals,  n.  pimples,  or  a  rash  break- 
ing out  upon  the  skin. 

Arran,  n.  a  spider. 

Arridge,  n.  the  edge  of  a  squared 
stone  or  piece  of  wood,  or  the 
like. 

Arridge,  v.t.  to  take  the  sharp  edge  off 
any  squared  object,  as  the  joiner 
or  stonemason  does. 

Arsboord,  n.  the  hinder  board  of  a 
cart. 

Arston,  Corr.  of  hearth-stone. 

Arter,  Corr.  of  after. 

Arval,  n.  a  dole  of  ale  and  bread  given 
at  a  funeral ;  also  money  given  at 
the  death  of  a  fox  for  the  hunters  to 
get  ale  to  drink  at  the  nearest  public- 
house.  S.G.  arfSl,  O.Dan,  arfivol, 
Dan.  aruo'l,  literally  inheritance-ale. 
(See  Ale.)  Comp.  also  W.  arwyl, 
funeral  obsequies. 

Arval-dinners  are  common  in  Cart- 
mel,  for  friends  who  attend  a  funeral 
from  a  distance. 

As  (pr.  az),  conj.  that;  as,  "He  said 
as  he  wod  "  =  He  said  that  he  would. 

Ask      ") 

Asker  >  n'    a    new^    or    water-lizard. 

Esk,    ')      GaeI^- 

Aslope'  |  adJ'  sloPin&  inclined. 
Asquat,  adj.  sitting  on  the  haunches. 
Ass,  n.  ashes. 

Ass-boord,  n.  a  box  for  ashes. 
Ass-hole,  n.  a  receptacle  for  ashes. 
Assil-tree,  n.  an  axle-tree.    Gael,  aisil, 

an  axle-tree. 
Assil-tooth,  )  n.   a  grinder  or    molar 
Axil-teuth,  \    tooth.  O.'S.jaxl,  dens 

maxillaris. 
Ass-manner,  )  n.    manure,    the    chief 


Ass-muck, 


constituent  of  which 


is  ashes  ;  the  contents  of  the  Ass- 
middens  of  a  town. 

Ass-midden,  n.  a  heap  of  ashes. 

Asta,  Corr.  of  hast  thou. 

Astir,  adv.  on  the  move,  on  the  alert. 

As  tit,  adv.  as  soon.     See  Tit,  Titter. 

Astraddle, 

Astreddle, 

Aswint,  adj.  awry. 

At,  conj.  that ;  as,  "  He  sed  at  he  wod." 
Dan.  at,  Sw.  att,  that. 

At,  used  before  the  infinitive.  Con- 
stantly used  as  a  prefix  to  the  verb 
3 


adv.  astride. 


AT 


BA 


in  the  infinitive  in  N.L, ;  as,  "I  don't 
like  at  see  it,"  for  "I  don't  like  to 
see  it."     O.N.  at,  nota  infinitivi. 

At,  prep,  to ;  as,  "  Hey  ta  done  ouht 
at  it  ? "  or,  "  Hes  ta  dune  oute  at 
it?"  i.e.  "to  it,"  in  the  way  of  re- 
pairs. 

At,  rel.  pron.  who,  that ;  as,  "  Him  at 
left  it"=He  who  left  it.  O.N.  at, 
qui,  who. 

At-efter,  adv.  after,  afterwards.  Comp. 
S.G.  and  Sw.  efterat,  after  this  or 
that,  afterwards,  Dan.  efterat,  after. 

Ater.     See  Arter. 

A-this-side,  on  this  side  ;  betwixt  now 
and ;  as,  "A-this-side  Easter." 

Athout,  prep,  without ;  as,  "  I'se  goan 
athout  it." 

Atomy,  n.  an  anatomy,  a  skeleton. 

Atop,  adv.  on  the  top. 

Atort,  prep,  towards. 

Attercob,  n.  a  spider.  A.S.  attercoppa; 
atter,  poison. 

Atter-pile,  n.  a  small  fish  with  veno- 
mous spines. 

Atter-pile.  Castlehead  Cartmel  was 
anciently  called  "Atterpile." 

IS  K- bet— • 

At  wo,  adv.  in  two,  asunder. 
At  yance,  at  once.     See  Yance. 

^JPr.ofall. 

Aud-farand,  adj.  old  fashioned. 

Audher,  )  conj.  either.     O.Fris.  auder, 

Auther,  \      A.S.  aufter. 

Aum,  Pr.  of  elm. 

Aumus,  n.  alms.     [A.S.  celmesse,  O.N. 

olmusa,   O.Sw.  almusa,  O.E.   ahnus. 

Ed.] 
Aund,    adj.    ordained,    predestinated. 

[O.N.    avftna,    fate,    destiny,    luck, 

auftinn,  neut.  aufSit,  fated,  destined  ; 

Prov.  Sw.  den,  on,  id.     Ed.] 
Aup,     )  n.  a  heavy,  stupid  person  ;  a 
Aupy,  )      childish  or  silly  person. 
Aunters,  n.  adventures.  See  Ananters, 

Anters. 
Aursels,  Pr.  of  ourselves. 

Awar^nt,  \  vJ'  to  assure'  to  warrant' 

Away-going,  adj.  departing ;  applied 
to  the  crop  of  a  tenant  who  is  leav- 
ing his  farm.     See  "Waygoing  Crop. 

Awer,  Pr.  of  hour. 

A- wheels,  on  wheels,  swiftly  ;  as,  "  It 
went  a-wheelsr 

Awkert,  adj.  awkward,  clumsy. 
4 


Aw  macks,  all  sorts,  all  kinds  ;    lit. 

"  all  makes." 
Awroddy,  Corr.  of  already. 
Awsome,  adj.  appalling,  awful, 
Aw't,  all  the. 
Awter,  Pr.  of  alter. 
Awteration,  Pr.  of  alteration. 
Ax,  to  ask.  A.S.  acsian  or  axian,  to  ask. 
A  yan,  one  person  ;  as,  "  Wha  wos  they 

yar  ? "  "  Sick  a  yan ; "  for  "  Who  was 

there!"  "  Such  a  one." 
Azzard,  n.  a  little  thriveless  child  or 

person,  irritable,  and  full  of  monkey 

tricks. 
Azzy,  n.  a  wayward  child. 


B. 


Bab,  n.  baby,  a  child. 

Babble,  v.i.  to  talk  without  sense,  or 
idly.  O.N.  babba,  balbutire,  from 
babb,  inarticulata  vox,  Dan.  bable, 
Du.  babbeln,  to  babble,  to  prate,  N. 
Fris.  babbeln,  garrire  more  infantum, 
N.Er.  babbiller,  to  babble,  talk  over- 
much, Du.  babbel,  a  babbling  or 
prattling,  N.Fr.  babil,  babble. 

Babble,  n.  (1)  an  idle  tale,  nonsense. 
(2)  Noise  made  by  hounds  when  they 
are  too  busy,  and  open  before  they 
are  sure  of  the  scent. 

Babbling,  n.  a  noisy  discourse. 

Babby,  n.  a  baby. 

Baby,  n.  a  doll  for  children. 

Bachelor's  Buttons,  n.  the  flower,  rose 
campion. 

Back  up,  To  set  one's  =  To  provoke  so 
as  to  make  him  angry. 

Backhand,  n.  an  iron  chain  over  a  cart 
saddle  which  supports  the  shafts. 

Backboord,  n.  a  board  on  which  dough 
is  rolled  out. 

Backen,  v.t.  to  retard. 

Back-end,  n.  autumn, 

Backer,  adj.  comp.  further  back. 

Backerd's  way,  adv.  backwards, 

Backerly,  adj.  late. 

Backgrund  (Pr.  of  background),  n.  a 
place  of  concealment. 

Backing,  n.  anything  put  behind  a 
front  surface  ;  as,  soil  placed  behind 
wattling. 

Back-recknin(g),  n.  after  reckoning. 

Backside,  n.  any  premises  at  the  back 
of  a  house.     Sw.  bakside,  back. 

Backskin,  n.  a  strong  piece  of  leather 
worn  on  the  back  by  fishermen. 


BA 


BA 


Backst,  adj.  most  backward,  furthest 

back.     Dan.  bagst. 
Backspan,  n.  a  baking  plate  for  oat 

bread. 

ackwo 

or  decline  an  invitation. 
Backword,  n.  an  answer  to  put  off  an 

engagement. 
Bad,  p.p.  of  To  bid,  invited. 
Bad,  adj.  sick,  ill.  [duce. 

Badger,  n.  a  travelling  buyer-up  of  pro- 
Badger,  v.t.  (1)  to  beat  down  in  bar- 
gaining.    (2)  To  worry  by  the  use  of 

irritating  language. 
Badly,  adj.  sick,  ill. 
Bae,  v.i.  to  cry  like  a  lamb. 
Bae-lamb,   n.  a    child's    name  for  a 

young  lamb. 

Baily,  n.  a  bailiff,  a  sheriff's  officer. 

Bain,  adj.  (1)  near.  O.N.  bein,  rectus, 
directus.     (2)  Willing. 

Bait,  n.  (1)  a  luncheon.  (2)  The  fibre 
of  wood. 

Bait,  v.t.  to  stop  to  feed  a  horse. 

Baiyan-flower,  n.  the  daisy. 

Baiyath  (Pr.  of  bath),  v.t.  (1)  to  bathe 
with  water,  to  foment.  (2)  To  rub 
liniment  or  lotion  well  in. 

Baiyath,  Pr.  of  both. 

Bakhouse,  Pr.  of  bake-house. 

Bakin',  n.  the  quantity  of  bread  baked 
at  one  time. 

Balk  (Pr.  bauk  or  boke),  n.  (1)  a  large 
piece  of  felled  timber.  W.  and  Gael. 
bale,  Manx  balk,  A.S.  balca,  Sw.  balk. 
beam,  balk.  (2)  The  strong  beam 
which,  running  horizontally,  unites 
the  principal  rafters  of  a  building. 
(3)  A  fishing  balk ;  a  long  wattled 
hedge  of  a  semi-circular  form  set 
upon  the  sea-sands,  which  compels 
the  fish  at  the  ebb  of  the  tide  to 
make  towards  the  deepest  part,  where 
there  is  a  semi-circular  bower  of  nets 
to  catch  them.  0 .  N.  bdlkr,  a  hedge 
of  wood,  S.G.  balk,  sepimentum.  (4) 
A  ridge  or  strip  of  land  left  un- 
ploughed  in  a  tillage  field.  S.G.  balk, 
porca,  a  ridge  between  two  furrows. 

Balk,  v.t.  to  pass  over,  to  pass  by,  to 
disappoint. 

Ball,  n.  (1)  the  pupil  of  the  eye.  (2) 
The  palm  of  the  hand.  (3)  The 
round  part  of  the  bottom  of  a  horse's 
foot.  "  Whar  is  it  1 "  It's  i'  't  ball  o' 
't  foot." 


Balled,  adj.  white-faced. 

Ballet,  Corr.  of  ballad. 

Bam,  n.  a  false  mocking  tale,  a  gibe. 

Armor,    bamein,    to    deceive ;     and 

Gael,  beum,  a  cut  or  sarcasm. 
Bam,  v.t.  to  employ  a  mode  of  punish- 
ment at  school,  well  known  to  school 

boys. 
Bamboozle,  v.t.  to  cheat,  to  make  game 

of. 
Bammed,  p.p.  struck,  beaten. 
Ban,  n.  a  curse.   A.S.  ban,  interdictum, 

excommunication. 
Band,  n.  (1)  the  iron  hinges  of  a  door 

or  gate.     (2)  A  wooden  fastening  for 

a  cow's  neck. 
Band,  j»re£.  of  bind.  "  He  band  him  tull 

a  tailor  "= He  bound  him  to  a  tailor. 
Band,  n.  the  summit  of  a  minor  hill ; 

as,  "  Swirl  band,"  Tilberthwaite  fell. 

Welsh,  bant,  height. 
Band,  )  n.  a  chain  across  a  horse's 

Backhand,  ]     back   holding    up    the 

shafts. 
Bandish,  Corr.  of  bandage. 
Bands,  n.  the  hinges  of  a  door. 
Bandy- cat,    n.   a    game    played  with 

sticks  rounded  or  curved  at  the  lower 

end,  called  Bandy-cats,  and  a  small 

wooden  block  called  a  kiddy  or  cat. 

See  Catty. 
Bane.     See  Bain. 
Bang,  v.t.  (1)  to  beat  in  competition  ; 

to  surpass.     (2)  To  strike.     (3)  v.i. 

To  go  with  rapidity,     "She  bang'd 

out  o'  t'  dure,  and  we  saa  na  meyar 

on  her."  O.N.  bdnga,  pulso,  percutio, 

Dan.  banke,  to  beat,  thrash,  drub. 
Bang,  n.  a  blow.     O.N.  bang,  pulsatio, 

Dan.    bank,   a  drubbing,    thrashing, 

beating. 
Banger,  n.  (1)  a  hard  blow.  (2)  A  great 

falsehood. 
Bank  up,   v.i.   to   collect  in  masses: 

"  It  is  banking  up,"  spoken  of  clouds 

gathering  before  a  shower. 
Bannock,  n.  a  small  loaf  or  cake,  made 

of  oatmeal.     Gael,  bannach,  a  cake. 
Bantlin',  n.  an  infant. 
Bant y- cock,  )  n.  fowls  of  the  Bantam 
Banty-hen,    ]     breed. 
Bar,  v.t.  to  shut,  to  close ;  as,  "Bar  them 

out."  _ 
Bar,  adj.  bare. 
Barfet,  adj.  barefoot.     "Barfet  an'  bar 

legg'd  "  =  Barefoot  and  bare  legged. 

A.S.  barfot,    O.N.  berf&ttr,  nudipes, 

Dan.  barfodet,  barefooted. 

5 


BA 


BA 


Bark,  v.i.  Foxes  are  said  to  bark  at 
rutting  time. 

Barked,  adj.  encrusted  with  dirt. 

Barkam,  n.  a  horse's  collar.  See  Bar- 
riham. 

Barley,  v.t.  to  bespeak.  An  exclam- 
ation frequently  used  by  children 
when  they  wish  to  obtain  the  first 
choice.  Manx  barelkiam,  I  would 
rather. 

Barm,  n.  yeast.  W.  burym,  A.S.  bearme, 
N.Fris.  barm,  yeast,  Gael,  beirm,  S.G. 
berma. 

Barn,  n.  a  child.  Also  used  in  a 
familiar  way  of  speaking  to  one 
another.  O.Fris.  bern,  N.Fris.,  M.G., 
O.N.,  Dan.,  S.G.,  and  Sw.  barn,  "At 
be  wi'  bam  "  =  To  be  enceinte  ;  at  ga 
wi'  barn:  Comp.  Sw.  " Att  ga  med 
barn." 

Barn-time,  n.  the  time  during  which 
a  woman  may  have  children. 

Barnish,  adj.  childish.  M.G.  barnishs, 
childish,  O.N.  barnwska,  pueritia, 
Dan.  barnlig,  childish. 

Barn-laikings,  n.  potsherds  placed  in 
the  form  of  horses  or  other  figures  ; 
literally,  children's  playthings. 

Barnless,  adj.  childless.  A.S. " 
0.  Fris.  bernlas,  Sw.  barnlos. 

Barns,  n.  issue,  progeny.    A.S. 

Barns'  barns,  n.  grandchildren.  M.G. 
barne  barna. 

Barragan,  n.  a  sort  of  fustain. 

Barren,  adj.  said  of  a  cow  or  ewe,  not 
in  calf  or  lamb. 

Barren,  n.  the  exterior  sexual  parts  of 
a  cow.  Comp.  Sc.  birn,  matrix. 
[Prov.  Sw.  bdrane,  barne,  Prov.  Dan. 
beer  end,  Old  Dan.  bairoende,  from  O.N. 
bera,  O.Sw.  hcera,  to  bring  forth,  of 
which  word  Ihre  remarks  that  it  is 
applied  simply  to  the  parturition  of 
cows.     Ed.]. 

Barriham,  n.  a  horse's  collar.  See 
Barkam.  [This  word  appears  in 
many  other  forms,  as  harfhame,  bar- 
son,  braffam,  braugham,  baurgham, 
brecham,  etc.  The  old  forms  ham- 
berwe,  kanaborough,  noticed  by  Mr. 
Wedgwood,  give  the  same  elements, 
but  in  different  order,  the  simple 
meaning  being  protection  against  the 
names.  A.S.  beorgan,  to  protect, 
PL  D.  bargen,  Dut.  and  Germ,  bergen, 
id.     Ed.]. 

Barring- out,  n.  an  ancient  custom  at 
schools,  until  lately  prevalent,  when 
6 


the  boys,  at  the  commencement  of 
harvest,  bar  out  the  master  from  the 
school,  and  demand  the  day's  holiday. 

Barrow  (Pr.  barra),  n.  (1)  a  large  heap 
of  stones.  A.S.  bearow,  a  high  or 
hilly  place,  a  hill  covered  with  wood, 
Gael,  bara,  id.,  Manx  barrey.  (2) 
The  side  of  a  rocky  hill ;  quite  as 
often,  or  oftener,  the  hill  itself,  par- 
ticularly the  top  or  conical  part  of 
the  hill :  often  a  post-fix  ;  as,  Trow- 
barrow,  Torrisholme  barrows,  How- 
barrow,  Backbarrow,  Underbarrow, 
Warkbarrow. 

Basket-swerde,  n.  a  sword  with  a  hilt 
formed  to  protect  the  hand  from 
injury. 

Bass,  n.  a  name  for  the  perch  (fish). 

Bassin,  n.  Pr.  of  basin. 

Bass-mat,  n.    See  Bast. 

Bast,  n.  a  species  of  matting  made  of 
the  inner  rind  of  bark.  Du.  bast, 
bark,  O.N.,  Dan.,  and  Sw.  bast,  the 
inner  bark  of  the  lime  tree,  A.S. 
bcest,  S.G.  bast,  cortex  tilise,  Sw.  bast, 
Dan.  bast-maat,  bast-mat. 

Baste,  v.t.  to  sew  slightly. 

Bastert,  Pr.  of  bastard.  O.Fr.  basterd, 
Du.  bastaert,  W.  basdardd. 

Bat,  n.  a  blow  or  stroke. 

Bat,  v.t.  to  beat,  to  strike ;  as  to  beat 
the  dust  out  of  a  door-mat  by  strik- 
ing it  against  a  wall,  or  to  beat  it 
with  a  stick  with  the  same  object. 
N .  Fris.  bat,  to  beat,  to  strike. 

Bat,  n.  a  blow :  as,  "  Gi'  him  a  bat  "  = 
Give  him  a  blow.  Also  metaph.  for 
rate,  speed,  manner  of  action  ;  as, 
"At  that  bat "  =  At  that  speed  ; 
"  He's  at  th'  old  bat  =He  is  playing 
the  old  game  ;  e.g.  drunk,  as  usual. 

Bat-beggar,  n.  a  beadle. 

Batch,  n.  a  heap  or  quantity  of  any- 
thing ;  literally,  the  entire  quantity 
of  bread  baked  at  one  time,  whence 
all  the  other  applications  of  the 
word. 

Bate,  v.t.  to  abate  or  diminish. 

Bate,  n.  the  fibres  or  grain  of  wood. 
See  Bait. 

Batter,  n.  repeated  blows,  as  with  a 
battering  ram. 

Batter,  v.i.  a  wall  which  diminishes 
in  thickness  upwards  is  said  to  batter. 

Battered.  A  horse  with  tender  feet  is 
said  to  be  battered. 

Battin',  n.  the  straw  of  two  sheaves 
folded  together. 


BA 


BE 


See  Balk,  vb.  and  n. 


Battle-royal,  n.  a  fight  that  used  to 
be  fought  between  several  cocks, 
where  the  one  that  stood  longest  was 
the  victor. 

Bauk, 

Bawk, 

Bawm,  Pr.  of  balm. 

?£;  }  Gott.  o£  prep.  by.  [court# 

Beadle,  n.  a  crier  or  messenger  of  a 
Beak  (Corr.  of  bake),  v.t.  to  soften  wood 

and  sticks  in  the  fire  for  use  with- 
out burning  them. 
Beak  (Corr.  of  beak),  n.  the  bill  of  a 

bird.     Gael,  beic,  N.Fr.  bee. 
Beal,  v.i.  to  roar  out,  to  give  mouth, 

to    bellow    as    cattle.      O.N.    belja, 

O.Sw.   bcelia,  bala,    N.  baula,  belja, 

O.E.  belly  n,  to  low  as  neat. 
Beam,  Pr.  of  beam. 
Beam-filling,  n.  masonry  or  brickwork 

employed  to  flush  or  to  fill  up  a  wall 

between  joists  or  beams. 
Bean,  Pr.  of  bone. 
Bean-cods,  n.  the  pods  of  beans.    A.S. 

bean-coddas. 
Beanfire,  Pr.  of  bonfire. 
Bear,  n.  a  door-mat. 
Bear,  Pr.  of  bear. 

Beard,  v.t.  to  top  a  wall  with  thorns. 
Bearding,  n.  thorn  bushes  stuck  into 

a  bank  or  hedge. 
Bearer,  n.  a  martingale. 
Bearers,  n.  the  persons  who  bear  or 

carry  a  corpse  to  the  grave. 
Beas,  n.  pi.  cows,  cattle    collectively. 

See  Beast. 
Beast,  )  n.  an  animal  of  the  beeve  kind 
Beost,  )       in  a  fatting  state  ;    more 

generally,  any  single  animal  of  the 

ox  kind. 
Beat,  v.i.    Hares  are  said  to  beat  when 

they  make  a  noise  at  rutting  time. 
Beater,  n.  a  wooden  mallet  used  for 

various  purposes. 
Beath,  Pr.  of  both. 
Beck,  11.  a  small  stream,  a  brook.  O.N. 

beckr  or  beklcr,  rivus,    Sw.  back,   a 

brook,  a  rivulet,  Dan.  bcek,  a  brook,  a 

rill,  S.G.  beck 
Beck,  n.  a  hint,  or  nod. 
Becose,  )  -n      f  , 
Becoze,  \  Pr"  of  because' 
Bed,  pret.  of  To  bid,  offered  ;    as,  "  He 

bed  a  hundred  pound." 
Beddin',  n.  bedding,  bedclothes  ;    also 

straw  under  horses  or  cattle.     A.S. 

bedding. 


Bedeet,  adj.  dirtied. 

Bed-gown,  n.  a  loose  kind  of  jacket, 

formerly  much  worn  by  the  female 

peasantry    instead  of    an    ordinary 

dress. 
Bedizened,  adj.  decked  or  dressed  out 

gaudily. 
Bed-joints,  n.   the  natural   joints  of 

stone  as  it  lies  in  the  beds  of  rocks. 
Beear.     See  Bear. 
Beeboe,  To  go  to  :    a  child's  term  for 

going  to  sleep. 
Bee-breead,  n.  a  brown  substance  with 

which  some  of  the  cells  of  a  honey- 
comb are  filled. 
Beeld,  )  n.  (1)  an  object  which  shelters, 
Bield,  )      as  a  large  bush,  a  wall,  a 

shed.     (2)  Shelter,  protection,  or  de- 
fence. 
Beery,  adj.  the  worse  for  drink,  tipsy, 

intoxicated. 
Beest-milk,  n.  the  milk  given  by  a 

cow  immediately  after  calving.     Du. 

biest,  curdled  milk,  A.S.  beost  or  byst, 

bysting,  biestings. 
Beetle,  n.  a  heavy  wooden  hammer, 

such   as  is  used  by  paviors  ;    also 

called  a  rammer.    A.S.  bitl,  a  mallet. 
Be  far,  a  deprecatory  exclamation. 
Beheyav,  Pr.  of  behave. 
Behint,  prep,  behind. 
Behoaf,  Pr.  of  behalf. 
Behodden,  Pr.  of  beholden. 
Belaa,  Pr.  of  below. 
Belder,  v.i.  to  roar,  to  bellow. 
Beleng,  )  Pr.  of  belong.     But  the  vb. 
Belang,  \   takes  a  quasi  active  sense  in 

ordinary  usage  ;    as,    "  Yon    house 

belangs  me;"  "The  stock  and  crops 

belengivj  James  F." 
Belike,  adv.  likely,  perhaps,  probably. 
Belive,  adv.   before  long,  by  and   by, 

quickly,  presently,  immediately. 
Belk,  n.  an  eructation.     A.S.  bale. 
Belk,  v.i.  to  belch.    AS.  bealcan. 
Bellow,  v.i.  to  make  the  noise  a  roe 

does  at  rutting  time, 
Bell-wedder,  n.  the  wether  sheep  which 

carries  the  bell  at  the  head  of  the 

flock. 
Belly-timmer,  n.  food.     O.N.  beli,  sto- 

machus,  and  timbr,  ligna. 
Belly- wark,  n.  the  colic.    O.N.  beli, 

A.S.  bcelig,  stomachus,   A.S.  wcerc, 

pain. 
Belve,  v.t.  to  drink  greedily. 
Bemean,  v.i.  to  moan;   as,  "T'  cow 

bemeans  itself  "= The  cow  moans. 
7 


BE 


BI 


Bene,  n.  a  prayer  or  petition. 
Bensil,  v.t.  to  beat,  to  thrash. 
Bent,  )  n.  a  long    coarse    grass, 

Bent-girse,  ]     which  chiefly  grows  on 

the  moors,  a  species  of  ribbon  grass. 

(Agrostis  canina,  Linn). 

Beside,  adv.  by  the  side  of. 
Besom,  n.  a  broom,  generally  made  of 
birch  or  heather.  A.S.  besem,  O.Fris. 
besma,  Sw.  besem. 
Bessy-blakeling,  n.  the  yellow-hammer. 
Bete,  to  amend,  to  repair.    AS.  betan; 
as,  "To  bete  t'  fire  "  =  To  mend  the 
fire  by  putting  more  fuel  on.    Comp. 
A.S.  betan  fyr,  to  mend  or  repair  a 
fire,  to  light  or  make  a  fire,  to  kindle, 
Du.  boeten  het  vyer. 
Bethink,  v.i.  to  recollect. 
Better,  v.t.  to  improve  ;  as,  "He  can't 
better  hissel "  =  He   cannot   improve 
his  present  position.    A.  S.  beterian, 
O.Fris.  beteria,  O.N.  betra,  emendo, 
Sw.  battra,  to  amend,  to  improve. 
Betterin',  n.  an  improving,  amending, 
improvement.  A.S.  beterung,  O.Fris. 
beteringe. 
Bettermer,  adj.  better. 
Betwattled,   adj.   confounded,    stupi- 
fied,   in   a  distressed   and  confused 
state  of  mind. 
Bevellin'.     "  He  gev  him  a  gud  bevel- 
foV"=He  gave  him  a  good  beating. 
Beyad  (Pr.  of  bade),  pret.  of  bide,  to 

abide,  continue. 
Beyak,  Pr.  of  bake.     See  Beak. 
Beyan,  Pr.  of  bone.     A.S.  ban,  O.N. 

bein,  M.G.  bain,  Dan.  been. 
Bezzle,  v.i.  to  drink  hard,  to  tipple. 
Bib,  v.i.  to  drink,  to  guzzle. 
Bicker,  v.i.  to  use  bitter  words  in  con- 
tention.    W.  bicra,  to  fight,  to  skir- 
mish, to  bicker. 
Bickerin[g],  n.  a  using  of  bitter  words 
in  contention.     W.  bicre,  a  conflict, 
a  bickering. 
Bid,  v.t.  to  invite.     O.N.  bioda,  Dan. 
byde,    Sw.    bjuda,    N.    bjoda,    M.G. 
biudan,  A.S.  beddan,  all  meaning  to 
bid,  to  invite  ;  Prov.  Dan.  e  hele  by 
er  bo'den  til  cervol=t]ie  whole  town- 
ship is  bidden  to  the  Arval. 
Bidding -wedding,   n.   a   wedding    of 
poor  persons,  to  which  guests   are 
specially  invited,  or  bidden,  and  who 
are  expected  to  contribute  each  an 
offering,  which  is  received  by  the 


bride,  and  the  accumulated  amount 
of  which  becomes  the  property  of 
the  newly-married  pair,  to  aid  them 
in  their  house-keeping. 

Biddy,  n.  a  louse. 

Bide,  v.t.  and  i.  (1)  to  dwell,  to  remain, 
to  abide.  (2)  To  bear,  to  endure. 
A.S.  bidan,  to  bide,  abide,  await, 
remain,  tarry,  expect,  O.Fris.  bidia, 
0.~N.bi$a,  to  await  or  remain,  S.G. 
bida,  to  remain,  to  stay,  Sw.  bida 
to  stay,  tarry,  await,  M.G.  beidan, 
to  look  for,  expect,  W.  bydiaw,  to 
live  at,  dwell. 

Bield.     See  Beeld. 

Bieldy,  adj.  snug. 

Bifoa,  Pr.  of  befall. 

Bifoan,  Pr.  of  befallen. 

Bigg,  n.  a  species  of  barley,  having 
four  rows,  O.N.  bygg,  hordeum 
vulgare,  S.G.  bjugg,  barley,  Dan.  byg. 

Bigg,  v.t.  to  build.  A.S.  byggan,  S.G. 
and  Sw.  bygga,  instruere,  Dan.  bygge. 

Biggin',  n.  a  building.  Lunesd.  Sw. 
byggning,  Dan.  bygning. 

Bijen,  inter j.  truly  !     (By  St.  John.) 

Bile,  n.  a  boil.     A.S.  by  I,  O.Fris.  beil. 

Bilk,  v.t.  to  cheat. 

Bill,  n.  a  bill-hook  for  hedging  pur- 
poses.   A.S.  bill,  S.G.  bil,  a  hatchet. 

Bills  slins  \  bar  that  shot  (at  marbles). 

Bind,  v.t.  to  bind ;  pret.  band,  p.p.  bund. 
AS.  bindan,  O.Fris.  binda,  O.N. 
binda,  S.G.  bifida,  ligare,  M.G.  bin- 
dan,  pret.  band,  pi.  bundum. 

Birk,  n.  a  birch  tree  {Betula  alba, 
Linn.).  O.N.  birk  and  bjork,  betula, 
S.G.  bjork,  betulus,  Sw.  bjork,  Dan. 
birk,  A.S.  byre. 

Birl,  v.a.  to  serve  or  pour  out  wine  or 
other  liquor  at  an  entertainment. 
A.S,  byrlian,  to  give  to  drink,  to  act 
as  butler. 

Birler,  n.  the  master  of  the  revels  at  a 
sale,  or  a  bidding-wedding,  whose 
duties  it  is  to  superintend  the  re- 
freshments, and  birl  out  the  wine  or 
other  drink.  0.  N.  byrlari,  pincerna, 
a  cup-bearer. 

Birry,  n.  a  gooseberry. 

Birry-pie,  n.  gooseberry  tart. 

Bishop.  Milk  that  is  burned  in  the 
pan  is  said  to  be  bishopped,  or  some- 
times that  "  the  bishop  has  set  his 
foot  in  it." 

Bishopp'd  poddish,  porridge  burnt  in 
the  pan. 


BI 


BL 


Bisky,  n.  a  biscuit. 

Bit,  n.  (1)  a  bite.  (2)  Food.  A.S.  and 
O.Fris.  bit,  a  bite. 

Bite,  n.  the  hold  which  the  short  end 
of  a  lever  has  upon  the  thing  lifted. 
"A  short  bite,"  or  "a  long  bite" 
also  means  a  greater  or  lesser  degree 
of  length  from  the  fulcrum. 

Bite,  v.i,  to  smart. 

Bi  t'  mess,  by  the  mass. 

Bitter-sweet,  n.  a  kind  of  apple,  par- 
taking of  the  nature  of  a  crab. 

Blaa,  v.i.  to  breathe.  It  is  simply  a 
a  mode  of  Pr.  of  blow. 

Blaa,  n.  bloom,  blossom. 

Blaan,  p.p.  blown,  out  of  breath  with 
exertion.  A  cow  or  beast  is  said  to 
be  blaan  when  suffering  from  the 
distention  arising  from  the  fermen- 
tation of  green  food,  A.S.  bldwan, 
p.p.  of  blaivan,  to  blow. 

Blabber,  v.i.  to  talk  idly.  O.N.  blabbra, 
balbutire,  Dan.  blabbre,  to  babble. 

Black,  v.t.  to  scold,  to  vituperate. 

Blackburn,  n.  a  blackberry. 

Black -clock,  n.  the  common  black 
beetle.     O.H.G.  chuleich,  a  beetle. 

Black-frost,  n.  frost  without  rime. 

Blackguard,  n.  a  low,  coarse,  abusive 
person. 

Blackguard,  v.t.  to  vituperate  in  strong 
and  not  over  choice  terms. 

Blacking,  n.  a  scolding.     See  Black. 

Black-leg,  n.  a  disease  amongst  calves. 

Black-ouzel,  n.  a  blackbird.  0.  N. 
blakkr,  A.S.  blac,  black,  and  A.S. 
ode,  an  ousel,  a  blackbird. 

Black-ox-trodden,  adj.  worn  with  age 
or  care. 

Black-puddings,  n.  puddings  made  of 
blood,  suet,  and  groats  stuffed  into 
the  intestines  of  pigs,  aud  which, 
when  boiled,  are  quite  black. 

Blaebirry,  n.  the  bilberry. 

Blake,  adj.  (1)  pale  yellow.  (2)  Of  a 
faded  black  colour.  0.  N.  bleikr,  Dan. 
bleg,  A.S.  bide. 

Blake,  Pr.  of  bleak. 

Blake,         )  n.  the  yellow  bunting,  or 

Blakeling,  j      yellow-hammer. 

Blare,  v.i.  to  roar,  to  bellow.  Du. 
blaaren,  to  bellow. 

Blast,  n.  A  disruption  of  the  rock,  in 
mining  or  quarrying  operations,  by 
means  of  gunpowder,  is  called  a  blast. 

Blate,  Pr.  of  bleat. 

3£££  |  *•  Blaebirry. 


Blazing-star,  n.  a  comet. 

Blea,  adj.  livid,  of  a  pale  bluish  colour. 
O.N.  bldr,  livid,  S.G.  bid,  Dan.  blaa, 
blue. 

Bleaned,  adj.  half  dried;  of  linen  or 
clothes  bleached  or  sweetened  by 
hanging  out. 

Blear,  Pr.  of  blare. 

Bleared,  adj.  red  and  swollen  about 
the  eyes  from  the  effects  of  crying. 

Blear-ee'd,  adj.  red  and  swollen  about 
the  eyes. 

Bleaw,  Pr.  of  blew.  Comp.  bleow,  pret. 
of  A.S.  bldwan,  to  blow. 

Bleb,  yi.  a  bubble,  a  blister,  a  blain. 

Bleddher,  Pr.  of  bladder. 

Bledder,  v.i.  to  cry  aloud,  to  blubber. 

Blend,  v.t.  to  mix. 

Bleumilk,  n.  skimmed  milk, 

Bleyam,  Pr.  of  blame. 

Blind,  adj.  abortive  ;  applied  to  nuts 
when  without  kernels,  and  to  flowers 
and  herbs  when  abortions. 

Blink,  v.t.  (1)  to  evade,  to  shy.  (2)  v.i. 
to  smile,  to  look  kindly  ;  generally 
applied  to  females. 

Blinkard,  n.  a  nearsighted  person. 

Blinkers,  n.  pieces  of  leather  attached 
to  a  horse's  head-collar. 

Blitely,  Pr.  of  blithely.  "She  dud  poo 
away  rarely  when  she  ligged  herself 
blitely  tull  it"  =  She  did  pull  away 
(rowed)  famously  when  she  applied 
herself  freely  to  it.  A.S.  blvSlice, 
gladly,  joyfully,  willingly,  Du.  blijde- 
lijck,  joyfully,  gladly,  or  cheerfully, 
O.N.  bW&liga,  comiter,  amice. 

Bliw,  Pr,  of  blue. 

Bliw-caps,  n.  meadow  scabious. 

Bliw-milk.     See  Bleumilk. 

Blob,  n.  a  bubble,  a  blister. 

Blobber,  v.i.  to  cry. 

Blood,  v.t.  to  let  blood,  to  bleed  with 
a  lancet.  "He's  been  bloodirt  him" 
=  He  has  been  taking  blood  from 
him. 

Blooding,  n.  a  bloodletting,  a  bleeding 
with  a  lancet. 

Bloom,  n.  blossom  of  fruit  trees. 

Blotching-paper,  n.  blotting-paper. 

Blother,  v.i.  to  make  a  fuss  and  noise. 

Blubber,  v.i.  to  cry,  to  sob. 

Bluddy-baiyans,  Baa  head  an' 
bluddy-beyans,  the  name  of  a  hob- 
goblin much  feared  by  children. 

Blud-steyan   (Pr.    of   blood-stone),    a 
green  semi-transparent  pebble,  with 
red  spots  in  it  like  blood  spots. 
9 


BL 


BO 


Bludsucker,  n.  a  leech.  O.K  blodsuga, 

hirudo. 
Bluff,  adj,  (1)  hearty,  out  spoken.    (2) 

Bather  arrogant,  self-confident. 
Blur,  n.  a  blot,  an  imperfection. 
Bo,  Pr.  of  ball. 
Bo,  n.  a  hobgoblin.     W.  bo,  a  goblin,  a 

bugbear ;    bw,  fear,  a  bugbear.     See 

Boggart. 
Boal,  v.i.  to  roar  out,  to  bawl,  to  give 

mouth. 
Boam,  Pr.  of  balm. 
Bob,  n.  (1)  a  blow.     (2)  A  bunch. 
Bob,  v.t.  (1)  to  fish.    (2)  To  disappoint. 
Bobbersome,  adj.  saucy,   forward,   in 

high  spirits. 
Bobbery,  n.  a  squabble,  a  tumult. 
Bobbin,  n.  a  reel  for  thread.  Du.  bobyne, 

Sw.  bobin,  Fr.  bobine,  a  skein  or  hank 

of  thread. 
Bobbish,   adj.   brisk,    pretty  well    in 

health. 
Bobtail,  v.t.  to  cut  off  the  tail  of  a 

horse. 
Bo'd,  Pr.  of  bald. 
Boddum,  Pr.  of  bottom. 
Boddumest,  adj.  lowest. 
Bodily,  adv.  excessively,  entirely. 
Bodder,    Pr.    of   bother,    to    perplex. 

Comp.  Gael,  bodhair,  to  deafen,  W. 

bythario,    to    stun,    Manx,    boir,    to 

trouble,  to  disturb. 
Body,  n.  the  middle  aisle  of  the  nave 

of  a  church,  or  the  nave  itself. 
Boggart,  n.  an  apparition,  a  hobgoblin. 

W.   bwg,    a    hobgoblin,    biogwth,   to 

threaten  or  scare,  Gael,  bocan,  a  hob- 
goblin, a  spectre,  Manx,  buggam,  a 

bugbear,    a    brownie,    a    scarecrow, 

something -to  frighten. 
Boggle,  v.i.  (1)  to  flinch,  to  start  as  a 

horse  does ;  to  hesitate ;  to  be  afraid. 

(2)  v.i.  To  hide  oneself  through  fear. 
Boggle,  n.  a  scruple,  a  difficulty;  as, 

"He  med  a  boggle  about  it"=He 

made  a  scruple  (or  difficulty)  of  it. 
Boggy-bo,  n.  a  goblin.    W.  bivg-bo,  a 

boggart,  Gael,  bo,  an  interjection  to 

excite  terror  in  children. 
Bogie,  n,  a  kind  of  cart  with  low  wheels 

and  long  shafts,  used  by  masons  to 

move  large  stones. 
Boilin[g].   "T"  heyal  boilirC  on  'em" 

=  The  whole  party. 
Boke,  Pr.  of  balk. 
Bole,  n.  the  body  or  trunk  of  a  tree. 

O.N.  boir,  truncus  arboris,  S.G.  bol, 

Sw.  boll. 
10 


Bolster,  n.  the  bed  of  a  timber  car- 
riage. 

Bolt,  v.t.  (1)  to  dislodge  a  rabbit.  (2) 
v.i.  To  run  away. 

Bone,  v.t.  to  steal  (cant  term). 

Bone-flower,  n.  the  daisy.  See  Baiyan 
flower. 

Bonnily,  adv.  prettily,  nicely,  satis- 
factorily. 

Bonny,  adj.  pretty,  nice,  pleasing,  fair. 

Boo,  Pr.  of  bough. 

Booard,  Pr.  of  board. 

Booat,  Pr.  of  boat. 

Booing,  11.  bleating,  making  a  noise 
like  cattle. 

Book,  )  Pr.    of   bulk,   size,   quantity  ; 

Bouk,  )  as,  "  To  be  a  gay  book  of  an 
age"=To  be  considerably  advanced 
in  years. 

Bookcraft,  n.  literature.   A.S.  boccraft. 

Bool,  n.  (1)  the  handle  of  a  basket, 
pan,  milking  can,  etc.  (2)  A  child's 
trundling  hoop.  W.  bwl,  a  round 
hollow  body,  S.G,  by  gel,  a  bending,  a 
rounding. 

Booly,  11.  a  child's  hoop. 

Boon-days,  n.  (1)  days  when  statute 
work  on  the  highways  is  performed. 
(2)  The  days  on  which  the  tenants 
are  bound,  under  the  feudal  system, 
to  work  for  their  lord  gratis.  O.N. 
b6n,  an  entreaty,  a  prayer.  [From 
being  originally  a  thing  asked,  boon 
seems  to  have  come  to  signify,  first, 
the  same  thing  freely  granted,  and 
then  exacted  or  enforced.] 

Boon-plooing,  n.  a  day's  ploughing 
given  by  neighbouring  farmers  to  a 
new  comer  who  has  lately  entered 
on  a  farm.     See  Boon-days. 

Boore,  Pr.  of  bore. 

Boose,  n.  a  stall  for  cattle.  A.S.  bosg, 
bosig,  O.N.  bds,  N.Fris.  bosem. 

Boosy,  adj.  intoxicated. 

Boot,  n.  amends,  compensation,.  A.S. 
b6t,  O.N.  bot,  satisfactio,  reparatio, 
Manx,  booit. 

Boot,  v.  impers.  to  signify  or  matter, 
to  profit,  to  reap  advantage.  Sw.  bata, 
to  boot,  to  profit,  Du.  boete,  profit. 

Bootlese-bene,  n.  unavailing  prayer. 

Bor  (Pr.  of  bur),  n.  (1)  the  prickly  seed  of 
the  burdock  {Arctium  lappa,  Linn.). 
Comp.  W.  bor,  a  bunch  of  tuft,  Gael. 
borr,  a  knob,  S.G.  borre,  a  thistle, 
N.  Fris.  borre,  the  burdock.  (2)  A  halo 
round  the  moon. 

Bordin,  Pr.  of  burden. 


BO 


BR 


Bord-cleyath,  n.  a  table-cloth. 

Born,  Pr.  of  burn.  "Born  tha,"  an 
expression  of  displeasure. 

Born-fool,  n.  an  idiot. 

Borrel,  n.  a  heap  or  quantity  ;  as,  "  A 
borrel  o'  staiyans  "=a  heap  of  stones. 

Borrowed-days,  n.  very  fine  days  in 
early  spring  which  follow  a  long 
season  of  bad  weather,  and  which 
are  generally  followed  by  further 
bad  weather. 

Bortree,  n.  the  elderberry  tree. 

Bortree-jack,  n.  elderberry  wine. 

Bosom,  v.i.  to  eddy;  said  of  the  wind. 

Bozon,  Pr.  of  boatswain. 

Boss,  n.  a  protuberance. 

Botch,  v.t.  to  mend  clumsily,  to  mis- 
manage. Sw,  lota,  to  patch,  Du. 
boetsel,  mending,  bettering,  O.S. 
botian,  O.H.G.  buozen. 

Botch,  n.  mismanagement. 

Bots,  n.  a  kind  of  worms  troublesome 
to  horses. 

Bottle,  n.  a  bundle  of  hay  or  straw. 
Er.  ooteler,  to  bundle  up,  to  make 
into  bottles  or  bundles,  from  boteau, 
a  bundle  or  bottle  of  hay. 

Bottle-nose,  n.  a  porpoise. 

Bottle-up,  v.t.  to  treasure  up  in  one's 
memory. 

Bought-breyad,  n.  baker's  bread. 

Bouk  (Pr.  of  bolk),  n.  an  eructation. 

Bould,  Pr.  of  bold. 

Boulder,  n.  a  hard  stone  rounded  from 
attrition.     Du.  bollen,  to  roll. 

Bonn,  adj.  ready  to  go,  going,  starting. 

Bonn,  adj.  bound,  under  obligation. 

Bout,  n.  (1)  a  contest,  a  struggle.  (2) 
A  turn  or  spell  at  anything  ;  as,  "A 
drinking  bout  "= A  set-to  at  drinking. 
(3)  In  ploughing,  the  distance  from 
one  side  of  a  field  to  the  other  and 
back  again. 

Bout,  adv.  without,  except.  "Bout's 
beyar  but  it's  easy,"  a  proverbial 
phrase  used  by  unmarried  women  in 
reference  to  a  husband,  meaning — If 
to  be  without  is  bare,  it  is  easy. 

Bow,  v.t.  to  bend. 

Bowk,  v.t.  to  wash  clothes  in  lye. 
Du.  buycken. 

Bowking-dub,  n.  a  pool  used  for 
washing  clothes  in  lye.  Often  found 
in  homesteads  in  Lunesdale.  There 
is  one  near  Ravenscar  farm.  M. 
dhubbey,  a  pool. 

Bowster,  Pr.  of  bolster. 

Bowt,  Pr.  of  bought. 


Box-and-dice,  n.  a  game  of  hazard. 

Bra',  (pr.  braw),  n.  the  upper  part  of 
a  bank  or  abrupt  declivity,  any 
broken  ground  above  a  descent. 

Braal,  Pr.  of  brawl. 

Braan  (pr.  brah-an),  n.  a  boar  pig. 
See  Brawn. 

Brack,  pret.  of  To  break. 

Brack,  n.  a  break  or  precipitous  rise  in 
the  level  of  the  ground. 

Brackens,  n.  ferns  generally. 

Brade,  )  v.i.  to  resemble  or  approach 

Braid,  \  to  likeness  to  a  person  or 
thing.  An  equivocation  may  be  said 
to  "brade  on  lying."  Sw.  bras,  to 
be  like,  to  resemble,  O.N.  bregma. 

Brag,  v.i.  to  boast. 

Brag,  n.  an  old  game  at  cards. 

Braid,  v.t.  to  retch,  to  vomit. 

Brake,  n.  a  fern. 

Branded,  adj.  mixed  red  and  black. 
Applied  to  the  colour  of  a  beast,  the 
hairs  of  the  coat  of  which  are  of 
both  colours  thoroughly  intermingled. 

Brand-fire-new,  adj.  quite  new. 

Brandlin',  n.  a  species  of  trout. 

Brandling,  n.  a  worm  found  in  old 
manure  or  tanner's  bark. 

Brandreth,  n.  an  iron  tripod  fixed 
over  the  fire,  on  which  a  pot  or 
kettle  is  placed.  A.S.  brandred,  a 
branding  iron,  a  gridiron.         [bread. 

Brandy-snap,  n.  a  brittle  wafer  ginger- 

Brang,  pret.  of  To  bring. 

Branlins,  n.     See  Brandling. 

Bran-new,  )  adj.  quite  new.  Du. 

Bran-span-new,  \      brandt-niew. 

Brant,  adj.  steep,  difficult  of  access. 
S.G.  and  Sw.  brant,  steep,  O.N. 
brattr,  N.  bratt. 

Brash,  n.  (1)  a  rush  with  great  impetus 
into  or  against  anything.  (2)  An 
impetuous  person.  (3)  A  rash  or 
eruption.  [This  word  is,  it  would 
seem,  nearly  related  to  breach,  break. 
Comp.  Brashment.     Ed.] 

Brash,  n.  a  sudden  rising  of  acid  or 
acrid  matter  from  the  stomach  into 
the  mouth,  as  in  heartburn.  [O.E. 
braky n,  "  to  caste  or  spewe."  Pr.  Sw. 
brdkka  se,  Dan.  broekke  sig,  Germ. 
sich  brechen,  to  be  sick,  to  vomit.  Ed.] 

Brash,  v.i.  to  run  headlong  at,  to  do 
anything  hastily  or  rashly  ;  as,  "  I 
brashed  at  it  "=I  attacked  it  with  a 
rush.  Comp.  W.  brisiaw,  to  make 
haste,  to  hasten,  Gael,  bras,  rash, 
impetous.  See  Brask,  Brizz. 
11 


BR 


BR 


Brashment,  n.  refuse  branches  or 
boughs  of  fallen  timber,  fit  only  for 
firewood. 

Brask,  v.t.  to  do  anything  hastily  or 
rashly.  Comp.  S.G.  brask,  to  get  up 
a  disturbance,  Sw.  braska,  to  rustle, 
to  bustle. 

Brass,  n.  (1)  copper  coin.  (2)  Metaph., 
money  generally ;  as  in  the  Roman  ces, 
which  from  its  primitive  sense  signi- 
fying copper,  came  to  signify  money, 
because  the  first  coins  were  made  of 
it.  So  of  the  Greek  apyvpiov,  silver 
generally,  and  thence  money,  cash. 

Brast,  pret.  of  To  burst. 

Brat,  n.  a  pinafore  or  apron.  W.  brat, 
a  piece,  a  clout,  A.S.  bratt,  a  cloak, 
Gael,  brat,  a  mantle  or  covering. 

Brave,  adj.  fine,  good ;  as,  "It's  been 
brave  weddher  fer  t'harrest."  Du. 
bref,  gentle,  handsome,  Fr.  brave, 
fine,  gorgeous  in  apparel. 

Bravely,  adj.  and  adv.  (1)  well,  in 
good  health  ;  as,  "  How's  t'  wife  ?  " 
— "Bravely,  thenk  ya."  (2)  Capitally, 
exceUently.  Comp.  Du.  braeflijck, 
handsomely. 

Brawn,  n.  a  boar.     See  Braan. 

Bray,  v.t.  to  pound,  to  beat,  to  thrash. 

Bray,  v.i.  to  cry. 

Brazzen,  adj.  brazen,  (metaph.)  im- 
pudent. 

Bread,  n.  Pr.  of  bread. 

Bread-cratch.     See  Cratch. 

Bream,  Pr.  of  broom,  the  plant. 

Breast-milk,  n.  the  human  mother's 
milk,  as  distinguished  from  the  milk 
of  animals.    O.N.  briosta  mjolk. 

Breathing-while,  n.  a  time  sufficient 
for  drawing  breath,  any  short  period 
of  time,  in  the  way  of  an  interval. 

Breck,  v.t.  to  break.  Comp.  S.G. 
brcecka.  "  To  breck  a  matter  up  "= 
To  tell  out  what  had  been  kept  secret. 

Breck,  n.  (1)  a  breaking  or  fracture. 
(2)  Metaph.  a  quarrel,  commotion,  or 
violent  fracas,  a  rupture.  W.  breg,  a 
rent  or  breach,  Sw.  brack,  a  rupture. 

Breddher,  Pr.  of  brother. 

Brede,  n.  breadth.  A.S.  braid,  Dan. 
brede,  Du.  breedte. 

Breed  on,  v.i.  to  be  like  unto,  to  re- 
semble.    See  Brade  or  Braid. 

Breet,  Pr.  of  bright. 

Brek.     See  Breck. 

Bren,  v.t.  to  burn.  O.N.  brenna,  ardere, 
flagrare,    S.G.   braenna,  and  brinna, 
Sw.  branna,  to  burn. 
12 


Brere,  n.  a  briar.     A.S.  bra?r,  brer. 

Bresken  up,  v.i.  to  grow  lively. 

Brest,  )  v.t.    and    i.    (pret.   brast,  pp.  ' 

Brust,  )  brossen),  to  burst.  O.N. 
bresta  (pret.  brast,  p.p.  brostinn),  to 
burst,  to  break.     S.G.  brista. 

Bretches,  Pr.  of  breeches. 

Breyad,  Pr.  of  braid,  the  Northumb, 
form  of  broad.  A.S.  breed,  O.N. 
breidr. 

Breyad-band.  A  term  applied  to  corn 
laid  out  in  the  field  to  dry,  the  bands 
of  the  sheaves  having  been  loosed 
for  the  purpose. 

Breyaden,  v.t.  to  make  wider. 

Brez,  v.t.  to  do  anything  energetically. 
"I  brezzed  away  at  it."     W.  brysiaw. 

Brickie,  adj.  brittle. 

Brid,  n.  a  bird.  A.S.  brid,  O.E.  brydde. 

Bridle-sty,  n.  a  road  for  a  horse  only. 

Brief,  n.  a  petition. 

Brig,  n.  a  bridge.  A.S.  brig,  O.N. 
bryggia,  S.G.  and  Sw.  brygga. 

Briggs,  n.  an  utensil  usnd  in  brewing 
and  in  dairies  to  set  the  strainer  on. 

Brightsome,  adj.  bright. 

Brimming,  adj.  applied  to  a  sow  when 
maris  appetens. 

Brindled,  n.  streaked,  variously  coloured. 

Brisket,  n.  the  cartilaginous  part  of 
the  breast  of  a  calf  or  other  slain 
animal.  W.  brysced,  Gael,  brisgein, 
Pr.  brechet. 

Brissle,  v.t.  to  scorch. 

Briw,  Pr.  of  brew. 

Briwse,  Pr.  of  bruise. 

Briwt,  Pr.  of  brute. 

Broach,  v.t.  to  tap.  "Broach  a  cask 
or  barrel." 

Broasen,  a  form  of  the  p.p.  of  brest 
or  brust. 

Brob,  )  n.  small  bushy  sticks  or  branches 

Brog,  )  of  trees,  used  to  mark  the  tithe 
stouks  of  corn  or  the  lots  of  hay- 
grass  when  on  sale,  etc.,  or  to  pre- 
vent the  netting  of  game.  Also  used 
to  mark  the  passage  across  the  sands 
of  Morecambe  Bay. 

Brock,  n.  the  cuckoo-spit  insect.  "  To 
sweat  like  a  brock "  is  a  common 
simile  applied  to  any  one  in  a  profuse 
state  of  perspiration. 

Brock,  n.  a  badger.  W.  broch,  Gael. 
M.  and  A.S.  broc,  Dan.  brok. 

Broddle,  v.t.  to  make  a  hole,  or  to  goad. 

Brokken,  Pr.  of  broken.  "  It's  nobbut 
brokken  wed'Ser"  =  The  weather  is 
only  showery,  and  so  unfit  for  far1-1- 


BR 


Br- 


ing operations,  such  as  haymaking, 
reaping,  ploughing,  etc.  Comp.  Dan. 
brokken. 

Brossen,  p.p.  of  To  brust. 

Brott,  n.  short  broken  straws  shaken 
out  or  separated  from  the  larger  and 
more  useful  straw.  Comp.  S.G.  brot, 
a  bursting  asunder,  A.S.  ge-brotu, 
fragments. 

Brotta,  n.  a  few  drops,  a  small  quantity, 
a  little  in  addition.  "  I'll  tak  a  brotta 
meyar  "  =  I  will  take  a  few  drops  [or 
a  small  piece]  more. 

Brown -leemers,  n.  ripe  hazel-nuts, 
which,  from  being  perfectly  ripe, 
slip  readily  from  their  husks.  See 
Leemers. 

Browt,  Pr.  of  brought. 

Bruff,  adj.  blunt,  consequential  or 
rough  in  manners. 

Bruffling-fellow,  n.  a  blunt,  conse- 
quential fellow. 

Brunsel,  v.i.  to  be  pompous  and  as- 
suming. 

Brush,  n.  thorns  put  upon  the  top  of 
a  wall. 

Brush-harra,  n.  a  bush-harrow. 

Brussle,  v.t.  to  scorch,  to  dry.  "They 
wor  brussling  their  shins  befoor 
t'  fire."  Fr.  brusler,  to  singe,  to 
scoroh. 

Brust.     See  Brest. 

Brust,  n.  the  breast.     O.Fris.  brust. 

Buck.  Said  of  the  hare  and  rabbit 
when  maris  appetens. 

Buckle  to,  v.t.  (1)  to  marry.  (2)  To 
set  to  a  thing.  (3)  To  harness  a 
horse  to  a  carriage  or  cart. 

Budge,  v.i.  to  move  off,  generally  un- 
willingly. 

Buff,  n.  a  ribbon  or  tape  bow. 

Buft,  n.  (1)  the  joint  of  the  knee  or 
elbow.    (2)  A  ribbon  bow.    See  Buff. 

Bullace,  )  n.  a  large  sloe  {Prunus  insi- 

Bullas,  ]  titia,  Linn.).  W.  bwlas, 
winter  sloes,  bullace,  Gael,  bwlaistear. 

Bull-finch,  n.  a  name  occasionally  ap- 
plied to  a  chaffinch. 

Bull-heeod,  n.  a  tadpole. 

Bull-jumpings,  n.  a  kind  of  porridge. 

Bull-neck.  "  To  tumble  bull-necks  "  == 
To  place  the  head  on  the  ground 
between  the  feet  and  tumble  over. 

Bulls,  n.  the  transverse  bars  of  wood 
into  which  the  teeth  of  the  harrows 
are  set. 

Bulls-and-Cows,  n.  the  flower  of  the 
Arum  maculatum. 


Bull-seg,  n.  a  bull  castrated  after 
having  arrived  at  maturity. 

Bull-spink,  n.  the  chaffinch. 

Bull-stang,  n.  the  dragon  fly. 

Bully,  n.  the  champion  of  a  party,  the 
the  eldest  male  person  of  a  family. 

Bully-frog,  n.  a  small  fish,  with  a  large 
head,  found  under  stones  in  brooks  ; 
the  bull-head. 

Bullyrag,  v.t.  to  banter,  to  rally  in  a 
contemptous  manner. 

Bully-rags,  n.  a  noisy  boaster,  a  va- 
pouring fellow. 

Bum,  )  n.  the  follower  or  assist- 

Bumbailly,  )  ant  of  a  sheriff's  officer 
who  gives  bond  to  his  superior  for 
the  due  execution  of  his  office. 
Hence  he  was  called  a  bound-bailiff, 
and  provincially  a  bund-bailly,  a  term 
contracted  into  bum-bailly  to  avoid 
the  three  consecutive  consonants. 
(See  Blackstone's  Commentaries). 

Bum-fiddle,  n.  a  bass-viol. 

Bummin',  n.  a  humming.  Du.  bommen, 
to  rumble  a  drum. 

Bummle,  v.i.  to  blunder. 

Bummle-bee,  n.  a  humble  bee. 

Bump,  v.t.  to  beat. 

Bump,  n.  a  blow. 

Bump,  n.  a  bittern  ;  also  the  booming 
noise  it  makes.  W.  bwmpy  gors,  a 
bittern. 

Bumping,  adj.  large. 

Bumping,  n.  a  mode  of  punishment  at 
schools.     See  Bam. 

Bumpy,  adj.  uneven. 

Bund,  pret.  of  To  bind. 

Bunden,  adj.  bound. 

Bunnel,  n.  a  dried  hemp-stalk.  "  Pey 
streea  's  allowed  to  be  fodder,  but 
hemp  bunnels  is  good  to  nowt." 

Burr,  n.  a  halo  round  the  moon. 

Bush,  n.  the  inner  circle  of  the  nave  of 
a  wheel  that  encloses  the  axle-tree. 

Busk,  n.  (1)  a  bush.  (2)  A  small  piece 
of  coppice  wood.  S.G.  buske,  under- 
wood, Sw.  buske,  Dan.  busk,  brush, 
shrub,  Ital.  bosco,  Fr.  bosquet,  a 
thicket. 

Busky,  adj.  woody,  bushy.  Lat.  boscus. 

Buss,  n.  a  kiss.  Comp.  W .  and  Gael. 
bus,  a  lip,  S.G.  puss,  osculum,  Sw. 
puss,  smack,  kiss. 

Bussert,  Pr.  of  buzzard. 

Butch,  v.t.   (1)  to  do  the  office  of  a 
butcher.     (2)  To  follow  the  business 
of  a  butcher  ;  as,  "  He  used  to  be  a 
farmer,  but  he  butches  now." 
13 


BU 


CA 


Butter-and-bread.  Instead  of  bread 
and  butter,  as  in  most  other  places  ; 
as  also  "  Cheese  and  bread." 

Butter-fingert,  adj.  said  of  persons 
who  are  apt  to  let  things  fall. 

Butter-keyak,  n.  a  slice  of  bread  and 
butter.  "No,  thank  ya  hes  lost 
many  a  good  butter-keyak." 

Butter-mouthed,  adj.  said  of  persons 
who  are  afraid  to  speak  out  plainly. 

Buttershag,  n,  a  slice  of  bread  and 
butter. 

Butter-teeth,  the  two  middle  incisors 
in  front  of  the  upper  jaw. 

Buttery,  n.  (1)  a  pantry.  (2)  A  dairy. 
Comp.  Du.  botteleyre,  a  buttery,  a 
larder,  W.  bwtty,  a  buttery. 

Butting,  n.  an  abutting  end  of  a  fence. 

Buttockt.  "I  buttockt  him"  =  I  threw 
him  over  my  hip  in  wrestling. 

Butts,  n.  (1)  the  headlands  of  a  field. 
(2)  Corners  of  the  field. 

Butty,  n.  (1)  a  companion,  a  friend. 
(2)  An  unfair  player. 

Buxom,  adj.  sprightly,  blithe,  active, 
good-humoured.  A.S.  bocswn,  obe- 
dient. This  word  has  evidently  di- 
verged from  its  original  meaning  in 
this  part  of  the  country. 

Buzz,  v.t.  to  empty  a  bottle  of  wine  in 
carousing. 

Buzzard,  n.  (1)  a  moth.   (2)  A  coward. 

By,  prep,  of,  or  relating  to.  "  I  knaa 
nowt  by  him  but  weel." 

By,  n.  a  by  place.  "By  or  dark  corner." 

By  far,  adv.  much. 

By  gog.    A  vulgar  oath. 

By  Jen  =  By  St.  John. 

By-neyam,  n.  a  nickname,  a  soubriquet. 

By- wipe,  n.  an  indirect  sarcasm. 


&jpr-0fc0ld- 

Caakered,   adj.   applied  to    clogs,   or 

wooden-soled    shoes,   and    implying 

shod  with  iron. 
Caakers,  n.  iron  tippings  at  the  toe 

and  heels  of  clogs.   Comp.  Lat.  calcar, 

the  heel. 
Cabbage,  n.  the  head  (boy's  term). 
Cabbish,  Pr.  of  cabbage. 
Cackle,  v.i.  to  babble.     Du.  kakelen,  to 

prate. 
Caddie,   v.t.  to  attend  officiously  on 

any  person  or  thing. 
14 


Cade,  n.  an  animal  brought  up  by  hand. 

Caff,  n.  chaff.     A.S.  cef,  Du.  kaf. 

Caffle,  v.i.  to  cavil.  O.N.  kaf  a,  to  scoff 
absurdly,  Dan.  ki&vle,  to  wrangle  or 
squabble. 

Caheeing,  n.  loud  laughter. 

Cail,  n.  a  quay. 

Cained,  adj.  having  a  white  scum  or 
filament  at  the  top ;  of  liquid  in  the 
state  called  mothery. 

Cale,  v.t.  to  throw  stones  or  sticks. 

Call,  n.  a  peculiar  sighing  in  the  air, 
apparently  at  a  distance,  and  said  to 
indicate  an  approaching  storm. 

Callet,  n.  a  scold,  a  drab.  Comp.  Fin. 
kelitti,  a  tattler  or  babbler,  N.Fr. 
caillette,  a  ninny,  a  noddy,  Fin.  keletin, 
lingua  celere  multum  et  vana  loquor, 
blatero,  N.Fr.  cailletage,  gossiping, 
idle  talk. 

Calletin,  adj.  pert,  saucy,  gossiping ; 
as,  A  calleting  housewife = a  regular 
confirmed  scold. 

Callierd,  n.  a  hard  stone. 

Cam,  n.  (1)  a  ridge,  hedge,  or  old 
earthen  mound.  (2)  Top  stones  set 
at  an  angle  of  about  forty-five  de- 
grees on  the  top  of  a  wall  leaning 
against  each  other.  A.S.  camb,  a 
crest. 

Cam,  Pr.  of  comb. 

Cam,  v.t.  to  comb. 

Camerel,  n.  a  gambrel,  or  crooked  piece 
of  wood  used  by  butchers  for  hang- 
ing up  and  expanding  the  legs  of  a 
slaughtered  animal.  Gael,  cam  id., 
W.  combren,  crooked  stick,  horizontal 
piece  of  timber  for  hanging  meat. 

Camerel-houghs,  n.  the  joints  of  the 
hind  legs  by  which  animals  are  hung 
by  aid  of  the  camerel. 

Cample,  v.i.  to  contend  or  argue  per- 
tinaciously or  saucily.  Comp.  A.S. 
and  Du.  campian,  to  fight,  contest, 
Sw.  kamp,  conflict,  contest,  kampa, 
to  contend. 

Camstans,  n.  the  stones  which  form 
the  coping  of  a  wall. 

Can,  n.  a  milk-pail. 

Canker,  n.  rust. 

Cankered,  adj.  ill-natured,  peevish, 
cross,  ill-conditioned. 

Cannle,  Pr.  of  candle. 

Cannlemas,  Pr.  of  Candlemas. 

Canny,  adj.  pretty,  good,  neat,  well- 
made,  clever.  It  is  used  generally 
in  a  sense  of  commendation. 

Cant,  adj.  pert  or  lively. 


CA 


CH 


Cant,  v.t.  to  set  upon  edge,  to  raise 
one  end  of  a  barrel  so  as  to  cause 
the  contained  liquid  to  run  more 
freely.  Du.  cant,  side,  edge,  Germ. 
kante,  kanten,  O.N.  kanta,  marginare, 
kantr,  ora,  latus,  Sw.  kanta,  to 
border,  to  edge,  Dan.  kante. 

Canty,  adj.  cheerful,  chatty. 

Cap,  v.t.  to  overcome,  to  excel,  to  puzzle 
any  one,  to  surprise.  O.N.  kappi, 
a  champion,  Dan.  kappes,  to  enter 
into  or  be  in  a  contention,  kap,  con- 
tention, Sw.  kappi.  See  Cample, 
which  is  a  cognate  word. 

Cap,  v.t.  to  mend  shoes  at  the  toe,  by 
putting  a  patch  or  quasi  cap  over 
them. 

Caper- cousins.  A  term  implying  that 
those  to  whom  it  is  applied  are  held 
to  be  intimate  friends. 

Cap-paper,  n.  a  coarse  and  porous  sort 
of  light  brownish  paper. 

Capper,  n.  (1)  a  person  or  thing  that 
excels.  (2)  A  feat  not  to  be  sur- 
passed. See  Cap.  O.N.  kappi,  heros, 
athleta,  Dan.  kappes,  to  vie  with. 

Capple,  v.t.  to  patch  shoes  on  the  upper 
leather. 

Caps,  n.  the  hoodsheaves  of  corn-shocks. 

Caps  and  Sheds.  "  It  caps  and  sheds 
all ; "  i.e.  it  exceeds  anything  very 
much. 

Capt,  adj.  to  be  set  fast,  to  be  in  a 
difficulty,  or  overcome  in  an  argu- 
ment. 

Car,  n.  a  species  of  gig  to  hold  four 
persons,  who  sit  sideways. 

Carder,  n.  a  card-player. 

Carding,  n.  playing  at  cards. 

Cark,  n.  care,  anxiety.  Comp.  A.S.,  W., 
and  Gael,  care,  Fin.  karkia,  harsh  to 
the  palate  or  touch. 

Carp,  v.i.  to  call  in  question  with  small 
reason.     Cf.  O.N.  karpa,  to  snarl  at. 

Carr,  n.  a  swampy  field.  O.N.  kjorr, 
ker,  a  marsh,  a  piece  of  marshy  land, 
S.G.  kcerr,  id.,  N.  kjerr,  Dan.  kcer. 

Carren,  Pr.  of  carrion. 

Carriage-silver,  n.  a  rent  paid  in  Cart- 
mel  before  land  was  enfranchised  in 
lieu  of  carrying-service  due  to  the 
Lord  of  the  Manor. 

Cart- heck,  n.  the  moveable  part  which 
closes  the  back  of  a  cart. 

Cart-reyack,  n.  the  ruts  or  traces 
made  by  a  cart's  wheels. 


Cart-saddle, 


the  saddle  which  is 


placed  on  the  shaft-horse  of  a  team. 


Case,  v.t.  to  skin  an  animal. 

Cassen,  p.p.  of  to  cast.     See  Kessen. 

Cast,  v.t.  (1)  to  throw  down  ;  as,  "  To 
cast  a  horse,"  to  throw  him  down,  for 
any  purpose  for  which  the  animal  is 
required  to  be  in  a  lying  position. 
(2)  To  drop  its  young  prematurely  ; 
of  a  cow,  mare,  etc.  (3)  To  add  up 
a  sum. 

Cast,  p.p.  of  To  cast.  (1)  Warped,  bent, 
twisted  from  a  rectilinear  form.  (2) 
Thrown  down  and  unable  to  rise 
again  ;  of  sheep  especially,  but  also 
of  other  animals. 

Cat,  n.  a  small  wooden  ball  used  in 
the  game  of  Bandy-cat. 

Catcht,  p.p.  of  To  catch. 

Catchwater,  n.  a  species  of  drain  or  cut. 

Cater,  adj.  affable,  on  good  terms  with 
one's  companions. 

Cat-gallows,  n.  a  boy's  game,  consist- 
ing of  jumping  over  a  stick  laid  hori- 
zontally on  two  others  set  upright  in 
the  ground. 

Catmallison,  n.  a  cupboard  round  the 
chimney  in  farm  houses. 

Catterwauling,  n.  courting,  or  rather 
rambling  and  intriguing  in  the  night. 

Catty,  n.  (1)  the  game  of  Bandy-cat. 
(2)  A  crooked  stick  used  to  strike 
the  knor  with  in  the  game  of  Catty 
or  Bandy. 

Causey,  n.  a  causeway. 

Caw,  n.  a  rocky  cliff  inhabited  by 
jackdaws,  as  'kthe  Caws"  in  Dunner- 
dale  fells. 

Cawn,  p.p.  of  To  call. 

Cep.     See  Kep. 

Cess,  n.  a  projection;  as,  "Cess  of  a 
cop  or  fence." 

Chae,  Pr.  of  chew. 

Chaff,  v.t.  to  irritate  by  provoking 
words. 

Chaffs,  n.  jaws,  chops.  [Dan.  kj&ve  : 
note  the  difference  between  Dan. 
kjaft,  O.N.  kjaft,  kjapt,  Sw.  kaft, 
and  kjceve,  as  illustrated  in  en  kjaft 
har  to  kjcever :  one  mouth  has  two 
chaffs.  Ed.] 

Chalk- white,  adj.  quite  white. 

Challenge,  v.i.  When  hounds  first  find 
scent  and  give  tongue  they  are  said 
to  challenge. 

Chammer-lye,  n.  fetid  or  stale  urine. 

Chance-barn,  )         bastard 

Chance-child,  }  n'  a  ba&tarcL 

Chang,  n.  a  ringing  noise,  as  the  musi- 
cal barking  of  a  pack  of  hounds. 
15 


CH 


CH 


Chap,  n  (1)  a  customer ;  one  willing 
to  buy  anything  you  have  to  sell. 
[O.N.  kaupi,  Sw.  kopare,  Dan.  kjdber, 
Prov.  Sw.  ko'pe,  a  purchaser,  buyer. 
The  O.N.  and  Prov.  Sw.  words  are 
nearly  approached  by  this  form.  Ed.] 

Chap,  n.  (1)  a  general  term  for  a  man. 
"Niwer  ye  mind  that  chap."  (2)  A 
woman's  lover  or  husband.  [O.N. 
kjaptr,  Dan.  kjceft,  Du.  kaft,  a  jaw, 
chap.  Comp.  the  Dan.  and  Prov. 
Sw.  idioms  depending  on  the  same 
application  of  the  word  ;  as,  ikke  en 
kjaft,  never  a  person  ;  hvor  evige  kaft, 
every  individual  soul ;  hii f amis  infn 
kaft  hajm,  there  wasn't  a  soul  to  be 
found  in  the  house.  Ed.] 

Char,  v.i.  to  mumble  and  grumble,  to 
mutter  in  a  discontented  way,  to 
chide. 

Char,  v.i.  to  work  at  occasional  jobs. 

Chass,  Pr.  of  chase. 

Chatter,  v.t.  to  tear,  to  make  ragged, 
to  bruise. 

Chatter-basket,  )   n.      an      incessant 

Chatter-box,       ]     talker. 

Chattered,  p.p.  bruised. 

Chatter-pooak,  n.  a  noisy  prating 
fellow. 

Chats,  n.  small  refuse  sticks  that  have 
fallen  from  trees  ;  also  the  catkins 
of  maple  and  other  trees.  Comp. 
Fr.  chattons,  the  catkins  of  nut-trees. 

Chaw,  Corr.  of  chew. 

Chean,  Pr.  of  chain. 

Cheaz,  Pr.  of  chose. 

Checks,  )  n.    a   game    played    by 

Checkstone,  )  children  with  round 
small  pebbles  or  knuckle  bones. 

Cheeks.     See  Door-cheeks. 

Chennel,  Pr.  of  channel. 

Chepster,  n.  a  starling. 

Cherry,  adj.  ruddy. 

Chesfat,  n.  a  machine  in  which  the 
whey  is  pressed  from  the  curd  in 
making  cheese.  A.S.  cysefat,  N.Fris. 
■fat,  a  vat  or  barrel,  O.N.  fat,  vas, 
cujuscunque  generis,  Sw.  fat. 

Chesput,  Corr.  of  chesfat. 

Chig,        )  v.t.    to    chew.      Comp.    M. 

Chiggle,  ]  chaign,  did  chew,  O.N. 
tyggja,  mandere,  manducare,  Dan. 
tygge,  to  chew,  to  masticate. 

Childer,  n.  children. 

Chill,  n.  a  cold  taken. 

Chirp,  v.i.  to  chirp  as  young  chickens  do. 

Chimley,  Corr.  of  chimney. 

Chin-clout,  n.  a  sort  of  muffler. 
16 


Chincough,  n.  the  hooping-cough. 
Chine,  n.  the  backbone  or  spine  of  an 

animal.    W.  cefn,  Breton,  kein,  back, 

N.Fr.  echine,  chine. 
Chip,  v.i.  to  trip  or  strike  one's  foot 

against  some    obstacle    in  walking. 

Connected  with  Sc.  chap,  to  strike. 
Chip,  v.i.  to  break  or  crack.    An  egg  is 

said  to  chip  when  the  young  bird 

cracks   the    shell.     Du.    kippen,    to 

hatch  or  disclose  the  young  bird. 
Chirp-up,  v.i.  to  cheer  up,  to  recover 

from  a  state  of  sickness. 
Chist,    Corr.    of   chest.     Comp.    Gael. 

ciste,  M.  chishtey. 
Chit,  n.  a  forward  child. 
Chit,  chit !  interj.  a  call  to  a  cat.  W. 

titu,  puss,  cat  (in  fondling  language) . 
Chitter,  v.i.  to  chirp. 
Chitterlings,  n.  part  of  the  giblets  of 

a  goose. 
Chitty-beam,  )  n.  the  piece  of  timber 
Chitty-balk,   ]     which  binds  together 

the  principal  posts  in  a  roof. 
Chitty-feyaced,  adj.  baby-faced. 
Chizel,    )  v.t.  to  cheat,  to  overreach,  to 
Chizzle,  )      overcome. 
Choomer,  Pr.  of  chamber. 
Chock,  n.  a  piece  of  wood. 
Chock,   adv.   completely  ;    as,   "  Chock 

full,  full  up  to  the  very  top.     Swab. 

schoch,    a   heap,  g'schochet  voll,  full 

to     overflowing,    heaped    measures. 

(Wedgw.) 
Chop,  v.t.  to  exchange  or  barter. 
Chopped,    adj.    frost-bitten  ;    of    the 

skin  when  cracked   by  exposure  to 

frost. 
Chops,  n.  the  face  about  the  jaws. 
Chowl,  11.  a  jaw. 
Chownder,  v.i.  to  grumble  long,  angrily 

and  unpleasantly. 
Chozsen,  chosen. 
Chub,  v.t.  to  throw. 

Chuck,      |  ii.  a  hen  ;    a  word  to  call 
Chuckie,  )      hens  ;  a  term  of  endear- 
ment. 
Chuckers,  n.  pieces  of   lead  used  to 

play  at  pitch  and  toss  with. 
Chuckle-headed,    adj.   stupid,    thick- 
headed. 
Chulling,  ii.   a  state  of    exhaustion ; 

applied  to  sheep  after  long  and  vain 

struggling. 
Church-town,  a  village  near  the  church. 

The  town  of  Cartmel  was  formerly 

called     Church  -  town,     or     Cartmel 

Church-town. 


CH 


CL 


Churn-milk,  n.  butter-milk.  Du.  kerne- 
rnelch. 

Churring,  n.  the  noise  made  by  a 
partridge  at  rising. 

Cinder,  v.i.  anything  having  the  pro- 
perty of  binding  or  uniting  itself  by 
the  application  of  heat  is  said  to 
cinder. 

Cinder-peat,  n.  a,  peat  or  turf  of  a 
grey  colour. 

Ciss,  n.  the  herb  cicely  or  whiteweed. 

Civil-will.    See  All-in-the-well. 

Claa  (Pr.  of  to  claw),  v.t.  to  scratch. 

Clack,  n.  noisy  prate,  a  woman's  tongue. 

Clack,  v.i.  to  prate  noisily.  O.N.  Haka, 
garrire,  clangere. 

Clag,  v.t.  to  stick,  to  adhere  as  clay 
does.  A.S.  cloeg,  clay,  Dan.  Hceg, 
loam.     Manx,  slaghagh,  how  miry. 

Claggy,  adj.  miry,  sticky,  glutinous. 
See  Clag. 

Clake  (a  as  in  father),  v.t.  to  scratch. 

Clam,  v.i.  to  starve  for  want  of  food, 
to  be  very  thirsty.  Dan.  clemme,  to 
pinch,  O.N.  klemma,  to  contract, 
Goth,  klammen,  to  pinch. 

Clam,  pret.  of  To  climb. 

Clam,  n.  clamminess,  any  adhesive,  vis- 
cous matter. 

Clam,  n.  a  kind  of  shell-fish. 

Clame,  v.t.  to  apply  paste,  to  smear 
any  glutinous  matter,  over  paper  or 
other  object. 

Clame  up,  v.t.  to  paste  or  stick  up,  as 
an  advertisement  or  handbill. 

Clammersome,  adj.  clamorous. 

Clamper,  v.i.  to  tread  heavily,  making 
a  great  noise  in  so  doing.  Sw.  Mam- 
pig,  clumsy. 

Clamps,  n.  pieces  of  iron  at  the  end  of 
a  fire-place,  andirons. 

Clannish,  adj.  with  a  strong  attach- 
ment to  one's  own  blood  or  party. 
Gael,  clann,  offspring,  children. 

Clap,  v.i.  to  sit  or  squat  down ;  as, 
"Clap  ye  down  theyar"  =  Sit  down, 
or  take  a  seat,  there;  "T'  yaare 
clapp't  "=--The  hare  sat  down. 

Clap,  v.t.  to  pat.  O.N.  klappa,  to 
stroke,  touch  softly,  to  caress. 

Clap,  )  n.  cow's  dung.     W.  clap,  a 

Cow-clap,  )  round  piece,  clapio,  to 
make  a  lump. 

Clap-benny,  an  action  taught  to  in- 
fants yet  in  their  nurse's  arms,  to 
clap  their  hands  as  the  only  means 
they  have  of  saying  their  prayers. 

Clap-breead,  n.  cake  made  of  oatmeal, 
c 


rolled  thin  and  baked  hard.     Dan. 

klappebrod,  thin  cakes  beaten  with 

the  hand. 
Clapper,   n.    the    tongue  —  especially 

when  too  voluble. 
Clapping-post,   n.   the   smaller  of   a 

pair  of  gate-posts,  against  which  the 

gate  closes. 
Clart,  v.t.  to  daub,  to  besmear. 
Clarty,  &dj.  daubed,  besmeared,  miry, 

slippery,  sticky.  Comp.  S.G.  lort,  filth. 
Clash,  v.  t.  to  throw  anything  carelessly 

down,  or  bang  it  about. 
Clashy,  adj.  wet,  sloppy. 
Clat,  v.  t.  to  tattle,  to  tell  tales. 
Clat,  n.  a  tell-tale. 
Clatch,  n.  a  brood  of  chickens.     DaD. 

klekke,  to  hatch,  O.N.  klekja. 
Clate  (a  as  in  father),  n.  tiresome  prate. 
Clatter,  n.  noise,  idle  talk.    A.S.  clat- 

rung,  anything  that  makes  a  noise, 

Gael,  gleadhraich,  loud  noise,  rattling. 
Clatterin',  n.  the  act  of  making  a  noise, 

Comp.  Gael,  gleadhran,  a  rattle. 
Clauw,  n.  a  flood-gate  in  a  watercourse. 

W.  clwdd,  a  dyke,  an  embankment ; 

Lat.  claudo. 
Clavver,  )  v.i.  to  climb,  clamber.  Dan. 
Clevver,  )  Havre,  to  clamber,  scramble. 
Clavver,    Pr.   of   clover.     Du.   Haver, 

three-leafed  grass,  clover,  Fris.  Haver. 
Claw  ho'd,  v.t.  to  seize  or  snatch. 
Clea,  Pr.  of  claw.     Comp.  A.S.  clea  or 

cleo,  N.  Fris.  He. 
Clean  oneself:    To  wash,  dress,  and 

arrange  one's  toilet. 
Clean,  adv.  entirely ;  as,  "  to  abolish 

clean? 
Cleaning  n.  the  after-birth  of  a  cow. 

A.S.    clcensung,   a   cleansing,   purifi- 
cation. 
Cleat    (Pr.   of   cleat),   n.  a    piece    of 

wood  attached  to  another  piece  to 

strengthen  it ;   also  a  piece  of  iron 

worn  on  shoes  by  country  people. 
Cleath,  Pr.  of  cloth. 
Cleave  (Pr.  of  cleave),  pret.  cleyov; 

pp.  clown. 
decking,  n.  a  chicken  newly-hatched  ; 

as,  "As  leet  as  a  decking" = as  light 

as  a  chicken. 
decking,  adj.  said  of  a  she-fox  when 

maris  appetens. 
Cleg,  v.  to  cling,  to  climb. 
Cleg,   n.   the  horse-fly   (CEstrus  equi. 

Linn.).     Dan.  Hceg. 
Cleugh,   n.   a    rocky    glen  ;    sounded 

strongly  guttural.     See  Heugh. 
17 


CL 


CL 


Cleverboots,  n.  a  clever  person,  gene- 
rally in  a  satirical  sense. 

Clue  '  \  n'  a  ka^  °^  thread  or  worsted. 

Cleyath.     See  Cleath. 

Cleyathe,  Pr.  of  clothe. 

Cleyaz,  Pr.  of  clothes. 

Click,  v.t.  to  snatch  or  seize  hastily. 

Click,  n.  a  blow. 

Clicketting,   adj.  :    applied   to   a  fox 

when  maris  appetens. 
Cllm,  v.t.  and  *.  to  climb  ;  pret.  clam, 

pi.   clum,  p.p.   clom.     A.S.  climban, 

pret.  clamb,  pi.  clumbon,  p.p.  clomben. 

Du.  Mimmen,  pret.  eta  or  cfoa 
Climmer,  %.  a  climber. 
Clinch,  v.t.  to  confirm  an  improbable 

story  by  a  bold  statement,  possibly  a 

false  one. 
Clink,      )  n.  a  hard  blow.    Du.  Minche, 


Clinker,  j      a  box  on  the  ears. 

Clinker,  n.  a  bad  sort  of  coal. 

Clinks,  )  n.  crevices  amongst  the  bare 

Clints,  }  rocks  of  a  limestone  moun- 
tain. Comp.  S.G.  and  Sw.  Mint,  top 
of  a  mountain,  a  rock,  Dan.  Mint,  a 
cliff. 

Clip,  v.t.  to  shear  sheep,  to  cut  with 
scissors.  S.G,  Mippa,  Dan.  Mippe, 
to  clip  or  cut. 

Clip,  v.t.  to  clasp  close,  to  embrace. 
A.S.  clyppan,  to  clasp,  to  embrace. 
(2)  To  hold  together  by  means  of  a 
screw,  or  an  instrument  called  a  clip. 

Clip,  n.  an  instrument  or  article  em- 
ployed to  hold  things  together,  as, 
"  a  letter-clip." 

Clipp'd  and  heeled.  "  Ready  clipped 
and  heeled" = prepared  to  fight,  like 
a  cock  when  about  to  be  set  fighting. 

Clish,  ) 

Clish-ma-  clash,  >  n.  idle  discourse. 

Clit-clat,  ) 

Clit-clat,  n.  a  great  talker,  a  tell-tale, 
a  blab. 

Clitter- clatter,  n.  a  great  noise. 

Clo,  n.  a  claw  or  talon,  nail  of  the  hand 
or  foot.  O.N.  Mo,  S.G.  Sw.  and  Dan. 
Mo,  a  claw. 

Clo,  v.t.  to  scratch.  O.N.  hid,  fricare, 
S.G.  and  Sw.  Ma,  Dan.  Moe,  to 
scratch,  claw. 

Clock,  n.  a  general  name  for  a  beetle. 
0.  H.  G.  chuleich,  scarabasus.  See 
Black-clock. 

Clock,  n.  the  downy  head  of  the  dande- 
lion when  in  seed.  [Probably  due  to 
the  children's  amusement  of  blowing 
18 


off  the  seed  to  see  what  o'clock  it  is, 
the  number  of  puffs  required  being 
taken  to  indicate  the  hour.     Ed.]. 

Clock,  v.i.  to  make  the  noise  a  hen  does 
when  about  to  sit.  A.S.  cloccan,  to 
cluck,  "W.  clocian,  to  cluck  as  a 
hen. 

Clock,       )  n.  the  clucking  of  a  hen  or 

Clockin',  )  noise  made  by  her  when 
she  wants  to  sit. 

Clock-hen,  n.  a  clucking  hen.  Du. 
Mock-henne. 

Clod,  v.t.  to  throw  stones.  A.S.  clud, 
a  stone,  Gael,  clod,  to  pelt  with  clods. 

Clogs,  n.  a  sort  of  shoes  ;  the  upper 
part  composed  of  strong  leather,  and 
the  sole  of  wood. 

Clog-wheels,  n.  wheels  formerly  in  use, 
made  all  in  one  piece,  and  not  run- 
ning round  the  axletree. 

Cloo,  n.     See  Clough. 

Clooas  (Pr.  of  close),  adj.  secret,  re- 
served, selfish. 

Clot-head,  n.  a  blockhead.  Dan.  Mods, 
a  log  or  block  ;  hence,  fig.  a  lout,  a 
loggerhead. 

Clott'red,  adj.  clotted,  coagulated.  Du. 
Moteren,  to  curdle,  or  grow  thick. 

Clough  (Pr.  Cloo),  n.  a  ravine  or  narrow 
glen,  a  cleft  in  the  side  of  a  hill ;  as 
in  "Windy  clough;"  "a  girt  ugly 
clough."     A.S.  clough. 

Clout,  n.  (1)  a  speck,  pa^ch,  a  rag,  a 
piece  or  fragment.  (2)  A  piece  of 
cloth.  (3)  A  heavy  blow.  W.  clwt, 
A.S.  clut,  Gael,  clud,  M.  clooidor, 
glooid,  O.N.  Mutr,  pannus,  S.G.  Mut, 
Sw.  and  Dan.  Mut. 

Clout,  v.t.  to  beat,  to  give  a  blow. 

Clovv'n,  Pr.  of  cloven. 

Clow,  n.  a  floodgate.     See  Clauw. 

Cludder,  )  v.t.  (1)  to  pile  up  into  heaps. 

Clutter,  )  W.  cludeiriaw,  to  pile  up, 
cinder,  a  heap  of  anything,  (2)  v.i. 
"To  cludder  togither"=To  get  to- 
gether in  a  heap. 

Cludder,  n.  a  heap  ;  as,  "  0'  of  a 
cludder" = All  of  a  heap. 

Cludderin',  n.  a  going  together  into 
heaps. 

Clum  {pret.  pi.  of  Clftn).    See  Cllm. 

Clump,  n.  a  lump,  a  mass.  S.G.  Mump, 
massa. 

Clunter,  v.i.  to  walk  clumsily.  Du. 
Monteren,  to  become  lumpy. 

Cluntering,  adj.  clumsy  ;  noisy  : — 

"  My  buckskin  britches  I  put  on, 
My  clunterinig)  clogs  to  seyav  my  shoon." 

—Old  Ditty. 


CL 


CO 


Clutter,  v.i.  to  come  in  a  hasty  or  con- 
fused manner. 

^jpr.ofcall. 

Co,  v.t.  (1)  to  abuse  by  calling  names. 
Comp.  O.N.  kallsa,  vituperare,  calum- 
niari,  contumeliose  loqui  de  aliquo. 
(2)  To  proclaim  or  give  notice  by  the 
public  crier,  or  by  an  auctioneer  at  a 
sale. 

Coaf  (Pr.  of  calf),  pi.  coaves. 

Coaf-licked,  adj.  having  a  tuft  of  hair 
on  the  forehead  which  cannot  be 
made  to  lie  in  the  same  direction  as 
the  rest. 

Coaken,  v.i.  to  strain  in  vomiting  ;  to 
make  the  noise  a  person  does  when 
choking. 

Coaley  (Pr.  of  colley),  n.  a  species  of  cur 
famous  for  its  sagacity. 

Coant,  Pr.  of  cannot. 

Coave,  Pr.  of  calve. 

Cob,  n.  (1)  a  small  round  loaf,  a  lump 
or  piece.  (2)  A  leader  or  chief,  the 
bully  or  best  fighter  in  a  parish  or 
school. 

Cob,  v.t.  to  beat  or  surpass,  also  to  pull 
the  hair.  W.  cobiaw,  to  beat,  to 
thump,  to  form  a  top  or  tuft.  To 
cob  over  a  person,  is  to  crow  over  him. 

Cobble,  n.  a  loose  round  stone. 

Cobble,  v.t.  to  pelt  with  stones  (derived 
from  the  noun  in  the  same  manner 
as  "to  stone"  is  from  "stone,"  n.). 

Cobby,  adj.  (1)  brisk,  lively,  in  high 
spirits.  (2)  Tyrannical,  set  up,  proud. 

Cob-coals,  n.  large  pit  coals. 

Cock-booat,  n.  a  small  boat  attached 
to  a  ship  or  vessel.  W.  cwch,  any 
round  vessel,  a  boat,  S.G.  kogg,  a 
species  of  boat  in  use  formerly,  Du. 
kogg  he. 

Cock-caling,  n.  a  barbarous  custom  of 
throwing  stones  at  cocks  at  Shrove- 
tide. 

Cocker,  v.t.  to  indulge,  to  spoil. 

Cocker,  n.  a  cock-fighter,  a  feeder  of 
fighting-cocks. 

Cockety,  adj.  lively,  vivacious,  pert. 
Comp.  Dan.  kjcek,  hardy,  pert,  Germ. 
keck,  A.S.  cue,  cucen,  alive,  quick. 

Cockins,  n.  cock-fighting  (obsolete). 

Cockle,  v.i.  to  be  unsteady  and  easily 
shaken. 

Cockle,  v.i.  to  wrinkle. 

Cockier,  n.  a  gatherer  of  cockles. 

Cockles,  n.  a  name  for  the  plant  darnel. 
At  a  certain  stage  of  its  growth  it  is 


said  to  be  cockled ;  that  is,  when  the 
seed-vessels  are  formed  or  forming — 
in  the  vernacular,  when  it  "shapes  for 
seed."    A.S.  coccel,  M.  yn  choggyl. 

CocHeyf '  j  ad^  UIlsteady- 

Cocklin(g),  part,  gathering  cockles. 

Cockloft,  n.  a  garret. 

Cock-o'-my-thumb,  n.  a  little  diminu- 
tive person. 

Cock-o'-th'-middin,  n.  a  presumptuous 
fellow  in  his  own  circle. 

Cock-penny,  n.  a  customary  payment 
formerly  made  to  masters  of  schools 
at  Shrovetide. 

Cocks,  To  fight,  is  a  children's  game, 
played  with  the  tough  tufted  stems 
of  the  ribwort  plantain.  One  holds 
a  stem,  and  the  other  strikes  on  it 
with  another,  the  object  being  to 
strike  off  the  seed-head  of  the  an- 
tagonist's stem.  [The  prov.  Sw. 
name  for  the  plant  itself  is  kampar 
(champions),  from  a  like  use  of  the 
seed-stems.  Dean  Eietz,  the  author 
of  a  most  admirable  Prov.  Sw.  Glos- 
sary, just  published,  states,  in  a 
private  letter  to  the  editor,  that  he 
has  met  with  a  Prov.  E.  kemps,  with 
like  meaning.  The  1ST.  name  also  for 
the  plant  is kjempe  or  kampe-grces.  Ed.] 

Cock-web,  n.  a  cob-web. 

Cod,  n.  a  pod,  as  a  pey-  or  peis-coa?,  a 
pea-pod.  A.S.  codd,  a  small  bag,  W. 
cod,  a  bag  or  pouch. 

Coddle,  v.t.  to  embrace,  Corr.  of 
cuddle. 

Coddle,  v.t.  to  indulge  or  spoil  with 
warmth,  to  parboil. 

Cogglin-bone,  n.  the  hip-bone  of  a  cow 
or  bullock,  from  which  steaks  are  cut. 
O.N.  koggul,  a  knuckle  or  joint. 

Coids,  Pr.  of  quoits. 

Coil,  n.  noise,  tumult. 

Coke,  n.  (1)  the  core  of  an  apple.  (2) 
The  interior  or  core-part  of  a  horn, 
the  pith  of  wood,  etc. 

Cold-fire,  n.  fuel  duly  placed  in  a  grate, 
and  made  ready  for  lighting. 

Collier,  n.  a  preparer  or  maker  of  char- 
coal in  coppice  wood,  a  charcoal- 
burner. 

Collogue,  v.i.  to  confederate  together, 
generally  for  an  unlawful  purpose,  to 
converse  secretly.  N.Fr.  colloque,  a 
colloquy,  conference. 

Collop,  n.  a  rasher  of  bacon,  a  slice  of 
flesh.  O.Fr.  colp,  to  cut  off.  To 
19 


CO 


CO 


cut  to  collops  is  to  inflict  a  violent 
castigation  with  whip  or  cane.  But 
comp.  S.G.  kollops,  edulii  genus, 
confectum  ex  carnis  segmentis,  Sw. 
kollops,  slices  of  beef  stewed. 

Collop-Monday  :  the  name  applied  to 
the  Monday  before  Shrove-Tuesday, 
on  which  it  is  usual  for  the  children 
of  the  poor  to  go  from  house  to 
house  to  beg  collops  of  their  richer 
neighbours. 

Com,  pret.  of  come. 

Com,  n.  a  clay  marble.  W.  com,  a 
curve,  a  round. 

Come.  "  It  will  be  ten  years  come 
August  "=  It  will  be  ten  years  when 
August  has  arrived. 

Come-back,  n.  a  name  given  to  the 
guinea  fowl,  from  its  common  cry, 
which  sounds  like  the  words  "  Come 
back." 

Corned,  pret.  of  To  come. 

Come-in,  v.i.  to  surrender,  yield. 

Come-on,  v.i.  (1)  to  grow,  to  improve. 
(2)  To  succeed,  to  follow. 

Come-over,  v.i.  to  cajole. 

Come-thy-ways,  n.  come  forward,  gene- 
rally spoken  with  kindness.  "Go 
your  ways  ; "  a  mode  of  dismissal. 

Comical,  adj.  ill-tempered. 

Coming-round,  n.  the  act  of  recover- 
ing from  sickness,  or  of  returning  to 
friendly  feelings. 

Comins,  n.  the  sprouts  formed  by 
barley  in  process  of  fermentation  for 
malt.  (Isl.  keima,  germinare.  Jamie- 
son.) 

Commoney,  n.  the  most  common  kind 
of  clay  marble.     (Boys'  term.) 

Con,  Pr.  of  can. 

Con,  v.t.  to  learn,  to  know.  A.S.  con- 
nan,  to  know. 

Con,  v.t.  to  ply,  or  study  diligently  ;  of 
a  task  or  lesson. 

Con,  n.  a  squirrel.     Cf.  W.  cont,  a  tail. 

Confloption,  n.  confusion. 

Conivers,  n.  the  kidneys  of  a  beast. 
[A  curious  form.  Comp.  Germ. 
nieren,  the  kidneys,  O.N.  nyra,  Sw. 
njure,  Dan.  nyre,  Clevel.  inear,  Crav. 
neer,  Northumb.  ear.     Ed.]. 

Connily,  adv.  adroitly,  j>rettily. 

Conny,  adj.  (1)  pretty.  (2)  Used  as 
an  augmentative  ;  as,  "  a  conny  lot " 
=  a  considerable  quantity. 

Consait,  v.i.  to  think  or  suppose,  to 
imagine,  to  suspect.  Corr.  of  con- 
ceit. 

20 


Consait,  n.  (1)  a  fancy  or  opinion.  (2) 
Good  opinion.  (3)  An  ingenious  device. 

Consarn,  Corr.  of  concern. 

Const er,  Pr.  of  construe. 

Contrairy,  v.t.to go  against, vex,  oppose. 

Cony,  n.  a  rabbit. 

Cony-garth,  n.  a  rabbit-warren. 

Cooach,  Pr.  of  coach. 

Cooal,  Pr.  of  coal. 

Cooam,  Pr.  of  comb. 

Cooarse,  Pr.  of  coarse  or  course. 

Cooats  (Pr.  of  coats),  n.  petticoats. 
Gael,  cota,  a  petticoat. 

Cook,  v.t.  to  disappoint,  to  punish. 

Coom,  n.  a  confined  valley.  W.  cwm,  a 
valley  or  dale.  Black  Coom,  a  moun- 
tain in  Cumberland,  which,  however, 
may  take  its  name  from  a  deep  hol- 
low in  its  east  side. 

Coop,  n.  a  hollow  vessel  made  of  twigs 
for  taking  eels. 

Coop.    Come  up  !  addressed  to  horses. 

Coort,  Pr.  of  court,  a  yard. 

Coot,  n.  the  water-hen. 

Cooter,  Pr.  of  coulter. 

Cooth,  n.  a  cold  caught  by  a  cow  or 
horse.    [Cf.  A.S.  co%  disease.    Ed.]. 

Cop,  v.i.  (1)  to  be  saucy.  (2)  v.t.  "To 
cop  up  a  fence  "=  To  set  up  a  fence. 

Cop,  n.  (1)  a  mound  or  bank.  (2)  The 
raised  earthen  part  of  a  fence  in 
which  the  thorns  are  planted.  (3) 
The  top  or  summit.  W.  copa,  the 
top  of  anything,  the  summit,  AS. 
cop  or  copp,  O.Fris.  hop,  koff,  Du.  kop. 

Coping,  n.  the  stone  covering  or  upper- 
most course  of  a  wall. 

Copped.     See  Copt. 

Coppet,  adj.  saucy,  impudent. 

Coppy,  )  n.  a  small  stool,  generally  a 

Copy,     \      three-legged  one. 

Coppy,  n.  a  coppice. 

Copt,  adj.  (1)  convex.  (2)  Set  up,  filled 
with  conceit.  A  young  person  who 
gives  himself  the  airs  of  an  older  or 
grown  up  one  is  called  Copt.  Comp. 
Du.  koppign,  self-willed,  Fin.  kopia, 
set  up,  arrogant,  whence  also  kopeus, 
pride,  conceit,  and  kopeen,  to  be  con- 
ceited, or  set  up. 

Copy,  n.  a  walled  inclosure  in  which  a 
bull  is  kept. 

Cordwainer,  n.  a  shoemaker. 

Corf,  n.  (1)  a  basket  for  raising  coals 
from  the  pit.  (2)  A  kind  of  basket 
used  by  fisherman.  Du.  korf,  a 
basket  or  pannier,  O.N.  karfa,  korf, 
Sw.  korg,  a  basket,  Dan.  kurv. 


CO 


CR 


Corker,  n.  (1)  anything  large.  (2)  A 
poser,  a  silencer.     Du.  caulker. 

Corlew,  Pr.  of  curlew.  Cf.  N.Fr.  corlieu. 

Corley,  Pr.  of  curly. 

Corn,  n.  oats.  "  He  can't  carry  corn  " 
is  an  expression  applied  to  one  who 
is  too  much  elated  by  prosperity. 

Cornish,  Pr.  of  cornice.  Comp.  N.Fr. 
corniche. 

Corran-berries,  )  w.  currants,  red, white, 

Corrans,  ]     or  black. 

Corri-cooam,  Pr.  of  curry-comb. 

Corse,  Pr.  of  curse. 

Cortens,  n.  curtains,  hangings.  W.  cor- 
tyn,  M.  gurtan. 

Cot,  n.  a  man  who  interferes  in  the 
kitchen,  a  molly-coddle.  Fin.  kotinen 
(from  kota,  domus  vilior),  domestic. 

Cote,  n.  (1)  a  village,  an  isolated  farm- 
house ;  as,  Beaument-cote,  Roose-cote, 
etc.  (2)  A  small  building  set  apart 
for  any  special  purpose  ;  as,  Peat- 
cote,  a  house  or  place  to  put  peat  or 
turf  in  ;  Salt-cote,  a  place  where  salt 
was  wont  to  be  made  on  the  sea- 
shore. A.S.  c6te,  a  house  or  cottage, 
S.G.  hate,  /cote,  a  hut  or  cottage,  Fin. 
kota,  Jcoti,  an  abode,  place  of  residence. 

Cotter,  v.i.  to  become  entangled. 

Cottered,  adj.  (1)  entangled.  (2)  Co- 
agulated. 

Cotterel,  n.  (1)  a  small  iron  wedge  for 
securing  a  bolt.  (2)  The  small  round 
iron  plate  between  the  nut  of  a  screw 
and  the  wood  to  which  it  is  screwed. 

Cotton,  v.t.  (1)  to  beat  or  thrash.  (2) 
v.i.  To  assent  or  agree  to. 

Cou',  )v.t.   (1)  to  rake  or  scrape  to- 

Coul,  )  gether,  as  dirt  or  dung  in 
cow-houses.  (2)  To  clean  roads  by 
scraping  them. 

Coud,  Pr.  of  cold. 

Coul-rayack,  )  n.  a  scraper  for  scraping 

Cou'-rak,        )     roads  or  a  cow-house. 

Coup,  n.  a  dung-cart,  a  small  cart. 

Coup,  v.t.  to  exchange.  Goth,  kaupon, 
O.N.  kaupa,  mercari,  emere,  Sw. 
kopa,  to  purchase. 

Coup-cart,  n.  a  dung-cart,  a  small  cart. 

Coupraise,  v.t.  to  raise  by  levers  or 
wedges. 

Cow,  v.t.  (1)   to  intimidate.     (2)   To 

keep  in  subjection. 
Cow-clap,  n.  cow-dung. 
Cowed,  adj.   a  cow  without  horns  is 

called  cowed. 


Cowed,   adj.  intimidated,  reduced  to 

submission. 
Cower,  v.i.   to  stoop  low,   to  crouch 

down  by  bending  the  hams.     Comp. 

Fin.  kowerran,  to  bend  or  bow. 
Cowert,  Pr.  of  coward 
Cow-gripe,  n.  a  gutter  in  a  cow-stall 

to  carry  off  the  drainage. 
Cowl.     See  Cou'. 
Cow-lady,  n.  the  lady-bird. 
Cow-quake,  n.  damp,  cold  weather  in 

spring. 
Cow-scarn,  )  n.  cow-dung.  O.N.  skarn, 
Cow-sharn,  \      dung. 

Cowt,  n.  a  colt.  To  "shoe  the  cowt" 
is  a  quaint  expression  for  the  de- 
manding of  a  contribution  from  a 
person  on  his  first  introduction  to 
any  office  or  employment. 

Cow- tee,  Pr.  of  cow-tie,  a  strong  rope 
used  to  fasten  the  cow's  hind  legs 
while  milking. 

Coz,  Corr.  of  because. 

Craa,  Pr.  of  crow,  as  a  cock  does. 

Craa,  Pr.  of  craw. 

Craa,  n.  a  crow,  a  rook.  AS.  craw, 
Du.  kraye. 

Craa-feet,  Pr.  of  crow-feet,  wild  hya- 
cinths. 

Craal,  Pr.  of  crawl. 

Craam,  n.  an  instrument  with  three 
curved  prongs,  used  by  cocklers  to 
take  cockles  with.  Du.  kramme,  a 
hook,  grapple,  or  crook. 

Crab,  n.  a  potato-apple. 

Crack,  v.i.  to  boast. 

Crack,  v.t.  to  curdle. 

Crack-brained,  adj.  flighty. 

Cracked,  adj.  crazy. 

Cracker,  n.  a  small  water-biscuil 

Cracks,  n.  (1)  an  act  of  superiority. 
"  I'll  set  you  your  cracks."  (2)  Any- 
thing to  boast  of.  "  He's  neya  girt 
cracks" '=  He  is  nothing  to  boast  of. 

Cradda,  n.  any  lean  animal.  Gael. 
craidhneach,  a  skeleton,  a  meagre- 
looking  person,  a  lean,  gaunt  figure. 

Craftly,  adv.  knowingly,  prudently. 

Crafty,  adj,  (1)  skilful,  ingenious ;  of 
persons.  (2)  Skilfully  made ;  of 
things. 

Crag,  n.  a  rough  steep  rock,  as  Warton 
Crag  (S.L.),  or  Dhu  Crag  (N.L.).  W. 
craig,  Gael,  creag,  cragan,  a  little 
rock,  M.  creg. 

Cram,  n.  a  lump  of  food. 

21 


CB, 


CU 


Cramlble,  v.i.  to  hobble  or  creep. 

Crambly,      )  adj.  and  adv.  lame,  stiff, 

Crammelly,  j  moving  with  difficulty ; 
awkwardly.  "  T'  horse  nobbut  gaaes 
crammelly  this  morninV' 

Cramd,  adj.  ill-tempered,  crusty. 

Crammle,  v.i.  to  crawl  on  the  hands 
and  knees.  [pucker. 

Cramp,  v.t.   to   contract,  crumple,   or 

Crancn,  n.  (1)  a  great  eater  of  unripe 
fruit.     (2)  Unripe  fruit. 

Crancn,  v.t.  to  grind  between  the  teeth, 
to  crush  any  gritty  substance. 

Cranky,  adj.  ailing,  sickly.  Du.  kranck, 
sick,  A.S.  crane,  weak,  near  death, 
O.N.  krdnlcr,  S.G.  kranck,  Sw.  krank, 
sick. 

Cratch,  n.  (1)  a  kind  of  barred  wooden 
frame,  upon  which  sheep  are  shorn, 
pigs  killed,  etc.  (2)  A  frame  strung 
with  cords  and  suspended  horizon- 
tally below  the  ceiling  to  hang  riddle- 
bread  on.     See  Fleak. 

Crayed,  adj.  foolish,  insane. 

Creak,  Pr.  of  crook. 

Cream,  v.i.  to  froth  or  curdle. 

Crean,  v.i.  to  bellow  and  make  a  noise, 
as  a  bull.  Du.  kreunen,  to  complain 
or  moan.  Probably  a  mere  phonetic 
form  of  Croon. 

Creaw,  did  crow,  pret.  of  To  crow. 

Cree,  v.t.  (1)  to  knock  off  the  beard  of 
barley  with  an  iron  instrument  made 
for  the  purpose.  (2)  To  seethe,  to 
steep  in  warm  or  hot  water. 

Creecny,  adj.  sickly,  ailing. 

Creel,  n.  (1)  a  frame  to  wind  yarn  upon. 
(2)  A  fisherman's  basket.  (3)  A 
barred  stool  on  which  sheep  are 
salved  and  clipped,  pigs  are  killed, 
etc.  Du.  kriel,  a  basket  used  by  fisher- 
men to  carry  fish  in  on  their  backs. 

Creeper,  n.  a  louse.  A.S.  creopere,  a 
creeper,  a  reptile. 

Creepings.  "I'll  gi  tha  t'  creepi?is"— 
I'll  make  thee  tremble  or  shiver. 

Cremp,  adj.  hard,  brittle,  crumbling  ; 
as  bread  or  cake  of  that  quality. 

Crewds,  n.  the  measles. 

Crewel,  v.t.  to  cover  a  ball  or  other 
object  with  particoloured  worsted 
worked  in  a  peculiar  manner. 

Cried-down,  adj.  reprobated  ;  "  Cried 
up  and  cried  down." 

Cried-up,  adj.  much  praised. 

Cring'l-crang'l,  "1 

Crinkle-crankle,  Vadv.  zigzag. 

Crinklety-cranklety,  J 
22 


Crinkle,  v.t.  (1)  to  rumple  or  crease  up. 
(2)  To  bend  under  a  weight.  (3)  v.i. 
To  recede  or  shrink  from  a  promise 
or  purpose.  Comp.  Du.  krinkelen,  to 
bend,  to  wrinkle,  O.N.  kringil-yrdi, 
a  shuffling,  a  beating  about  the  bush, 
S.G.  krongla,  to  go  round  about,  to 
shuffle. 

Crippan,  n.  a  crupper. 

Crob  over,  v.i.  to  tyrannize. 

Crock,  n.  an  old  ewe. 

Crock,  v.i.  to  set  up  the  back. 

Crone-berries,  n.  whortle-berries. 

Croodle,  v.i.  to  crouch,  to  cower  ;  a 
phonetic  form  of  Cruddle. 

Crook,  n.  a  chain  ending  in  a  hook  or 
hooks,  in  a  chimney,  for  hanging 
pans,  etc.  on. 

Croon,  v.i.  to  roar  or  bellow,  as  cattle. 

Crope,  pret.  of  To  creep. 

Croppen,  p.p.  of  To  creep. 

Cross-bated,  adj.  chequered. 

Cross-buttock,  v.t.  to  get  an  opponent, 
in  wrestling,  into  such  a  position 
as  to  be  able  to  throw  him  over 
the  hip. 

Cross-buttock,  n.  "To  give  one  a  cross- 
buttock  "  is  to  treat  him  as  above. 

Cross-the-buckle,  n.  a  peculiar  and 
difficult  step  in  rustic  dancing. 

Cross-vein,  n.  one  vein  of  ore  crossing 
another  at  right  angles. 

Croup,  n.  a  disease  in  poultry. 

Crow,  n.  an  iron  gavelock,  or  small  bar 
for  leverage  purposes. 

Crowd,  n.  a  fiddle. 

Crownation,  Corr.  of  coronation. 

Crowner,  Corr.  of  coroner. 

Crown-post,  n.  in  building,  the  princi- 
pal post  that  stands  upright  between 
the  principal  rafters. 

Crud,  n.  curd  ;  by  metathesis. 

Cruddle,  v.i.  (1)  to  curdle,  to  coagu- 
late.    (2)  To  crouch  down. 

Cruel,  used  as  an  augmentative  ;  as, 
"Ow^fine,"  "Cruel  smart,"  etc. 

Crake,  n.  (1)  a  crook.  (2)  A  bill-hook. 
A.S.  cruc,  a  crook,  W.  crwg,  a  crook 
suspended  to  a  crane  over  the  fire  for 
hanging  kettles  and  pans  upon. 

Craken,  v.t.  to  bend,  to  turn  anything 
out  of  a  right  line. 

Crumpled,  adj.  twisted,  crooked. 

Cramply,  adj.  wrinkled. 

Crunch,  v.t.  to  crush. 

Crapple,  Pr.  of  cripple. 

Cubbert,  Pr.  of  cupboard. 

Cuckoo,  n.  a  simpleton,  a  dolt. 


cu 


DA 


Cuckoo  -  bread  -  and  -  cheese,    n.    the 

wood-sorrel. 
Cuckoo-spit,  n.  the  white  frothy  mat- 
ter seen  on   certain  plants  in  the 

spring. 
Cud,  Pr.  of  could. 
Cuddle,  v.t.  (1)  to  fondle,  to  embrace, 

to  press  to  the  bosom.     (2)  v.i.  To 

lie  closely. 
Cummer,  v.t.  to  encumber. 
Cummersom',  adj.  burdensome,  apt  to 

impede. 
Cummins.     See  Comins. 
Cumpany  with,   To  keep  ;    to    have 

intercourse  as  a  pair  of  lovers. 
Cumpany-keeper,  n.  a  lover. 
Cunderth,  Pr.  of  conduit, 
Cun  thanks,   To,   to  give  or  render 

thanks. 
Curb,  v.t.  to  bend,  to  check. 
Curly-pow,  \  ,    ,    ad 

Curly-pate,  J  n'  a  curly  neacL 
Curran-berries.     See  Corran-berries. 
Cush,  cush !  inter j.  a  call  to  cows  when 

petted.     N.Fris.  /cuss,  kus,  a  call  to 

attract  cows. 
Cushat,  n.  a  wood-pigeon.  A.S.  cusceote, 

a  ringdove,  perhaps  from  cusc,  chaste, 

from  the  proverbial  fidelity  of  the 

bird. 
Cush-love,  interj.  a  term  of  endearment 

used  to  a  cow. 
Cushy-cow-lady,  n.  (1)   the  ladybird 

{Goccinella  septem-punctata,  and  G.  bi- 

punctata).  (2)  A  long  hairy  caterpillar. 
Cuss,  Pr.  of  kiss.    Comp.  W.  cus,  N.S. 

cus,  Du.  kus,  O.N.  koss. 
Cut,  n.  a  canal  or  artificial  watercourse. 
Cuts,  To  draw.  To  draw  lots  by  draw- 
ing one  of  several  pieces  of  paper 

cut  to  different  lengths.    W.  cwtws,  a 

lot,  M.  chut. 
Cutten,  p.p.  of  To  cut. 
Cutter,  v.t.  to  whisper.     G.  kuttem,  to 

whisper  slily,  S.G.  huttra,  to  prate  or 

chatter. 
Cutterin,  n.  cooing  like  a  pigeon.    Sw. 

huttra.  to  coo. 


Daab,  Pr.  of  daub. 

Daaf,  n.  dough. 

Daan,  Pr.  of  dawn.     O.N. 

Dab,  adj.  dexterous,  clever,  apt  at  a 

thing.  0 

Dab,  )  n.  one  who  is  expert  at 

Dab -hand,  ]     anything. 


Dacity,   n.  sharpness,   handiness,   ac- 
tivity. 
Daddle,  v.t.  to  support  a  person  in  his 

tottering  gait. 
Daddy-long-legs,   n.  the    long-legged 

spider. 
Danish,  adj.  shy,  modest. 
Daft,  adj.  stupid,  foolish,  weak-minded. 
Daftlike,  adj.  foolish. 
Dafy,  adj.  soft,  foolish  ;  as  if  like  dough, 

which  is  sometimes  pronounced  doff, 

or  douf. 
Daffydowndilly,  n.  a  daffodil. 
Dag,  v.i.  and  v.t.  (1)  to  drizzle.    (2)  To 

trail  or  dirty  in  the  mire,  to  bedaub, 

to  daggle. 
Daggle,  v.i.  to  trail  in  the  dirt. 
Daggly,  adj.  wet,  showery. 
Dainty,  adj.  pleasant,  neat,  trim. 
Daised,  )  adj.  benumbed  and  almost 
Deased,  )    rendered  insensible  by  cold. 

O.N.   dasaz,   to  be    exhausted,   be- 
numbed by  exposure.     See  Des'd. 
Daker,  n.  a  dispute,  an  argumentative 

conversation. 
Daker-hen,  n.  the  corn-crake. 
Dale,  n.  a  lot  or  share  ;   as,  a  bracken 

dale,  a  peat  dale,  a  meadow  dale,  a 

dale  in  a  common  field. 
Dall,  v.t.  "Doll  me  if  e  don't."  A  petty 

oath.    (A  modification  of  damn). 
Daly,  adj.  lonely,  solitary.     A  form  of 

Dowly. 
Damming  and   lading,  incurring  one 

debt  to  pay  another. 
Damper,  n.  a  luncheon. 
Dander,  v.i.  to  hobble,  to  walk  saun- 

teringly  or  idly  about. 

EaSH^ng  child. 

Dandy-cock,  )  n.  a  fowl  of  the  Bantam 

Dandy-hen,    ]     breed. 

Dank,  adj.  moist,  damp. 

Dannet,  n.  an  idle,  good-for-nothing  girl. 

Dar,  v.i.  to  dare. 

Dark,  v.i.  To  eaves-drop. 

Dark,  for  bets,  To.  To  listen  in  silence 
to  the  arguments  or  reasons  of  two 
contending  parties,  and  eventually  to 
espouse  the  side  of  those  who  clearly 
have  the  best  of  it. 

Darkening,  n.  twilight. 

Darnel,  n.  the  plant  Lolium  perenne. 

Darrat.  "Od  darrat  ta,"  a  sort  of 
veiled  oath,  the  same  as  "Od  rot." 
It  is  sometimes  used  without  the 
"od,"as  "  Darrat  ta." 

Darter,  adj.  active. 

23 


DA 


DI 


Dart-girse,  n.  dart-grass  {Holcus  la- 

natus). 
Dash,  v.t.  to  abash. 

Dately,  adv.  daily.     Corr.  of  Daytaly. 
Dave,  v.t.  to  assuage,  mitigate,  or  relieve. 

S.G.   dofwa,  to  benumb  or  deaden, 

Sw.  dofva,  to  mitigate,  to  alleviate. 
Daw,  Pr.  of  dow. 
Dawdles,  n.  a  slattern. 
Dawly.     A  phonetic  form  of  dowry. 
Daytal-man,  n.  a  day  labourer  who  is 

paid  by  the   day,   as   distinguished 

from  one  paid  by  the  week  or  month. 

O.N.    daga-tal,    computus    dierum, 

Dan.  dagetal,  day  by  day. 
Daytal-wark,  )  n.  work  done  by  the 
Day-wark,       J      day,  not  let. 
Dazed,  adj.  of  a  dun  colour. 
Dazz,  v.t.  (a  moderated  imprecation). 

"Dazz  it,  I  can't  get  it  out ;"    "  Its 

a  dazzed  wet  day." 
Dea,  Pr.  of  do. 
Dead-horse,  To  pull  the ;  is  to  work  off 

a  debt  or  an  arrear. 
Dead  lift,  To  be  at  a:    To  be  in  a 

situation  of  peculiar  difficulty,  when, 

as  far  as  one  can  see,  one  is  in  a  state 

of  hopeless  helplessness. 
j)ea£,adj.  blasted,  unproductive,  whether 

applied  to  land  or  to  ears  of  corn. 

S.G.   dauf  jord,  unproductive  land, 

A.  S.  deaf. 
Deaf-nut,  n.  an  empty  nut,  or  a  nut 

without  a  kernel. 
Deal  (Pr.  of  deal),  to  distribute.    M.G. 

dailjan,  A.S.   dailan,   to   divide,  to 

distribute. 
Deam  (Pr.  of  dame),  n.  mistress,  wife. 
Dearned,  adj.  benumbed,  torpid  from 

the  effects  of  cold. 
Deaul,  Corr.  of  devil. 
Deaw,  Pr.  of  dew. 
Deck,  n.  a  pack  (of  cards,  namely). 
Deck,  v.t.  (1)  to  cast  a  card  (at  cards) 

and  take  a  trump  in  its  place.     (2) 

To  cover.    "  I  decked  his  king  wi  my 

ace,"  i.e.  covered  and  took  it. 
Dee(a)-wark,   n.    day's    work.      O.N. 

dagverk,  Fin.  dagsverki. 
Deed,  n.  doings. 
Dee,  Pr.  of  die. 
Deet  (Pr.  of  dight),  v.i.  to  dress  and 

make  one's  toilet. 
Deet,  v.t.  to  dirty. 
Deft,  adj.  neat,  dexterous.    A.S.  dafte, 

convenient,  mild. 
Deftly,  adv.  quietly,  softly.    A.S.  daft- 
lice,  conveniently,  fitly. 
24 


Deg,  v.t.  to  moisten  with  water,  to 
sprinkle.  O.N.  doggva,  to  moisten, 
bedew,  S.G.  and  Sw.  dagg,  dew. 

Deggy,  adj.  drizzly,  foggy. 

Delve,  v.i.  to  dig.  A.S.  delfan,  O.Fris. 
delva,  Du.  delven. 

Dem,  (Pr.  of  dam),  v.t.  to  stop  water. 
A.S.  demman,  O.Fris.  demma. 

Dem  in,  v.i.  to  collect  as  clouds  do. 

Deod,  Pr.  of  dead. 

Deoth,  Pr.  of  death. 

Des,  v.t.  to  chill. 

Des'd,  adj.  chilled  during  the  time  of 
incubation  ;  of  eggs. 

Despret,  Corr.  of  desperate,  and  used 
as  a  strong  augmentative,  in  the 
sense  of  very,  exceedingly. 

Dess,  n.  (1)  a  pile,  a  heap.  (2)  A  truss 
of  hay. 

Dess,  v.t.  (1)  to  lay  close  together,  to 
pile  in  order.  (2)  To  cut  a  section 
of  hay  from  a  stack. 

Devilment,  n.  roguery,  mischief  (some- 
times of  a  sportive  kind). 

Devil's  darning-needle,  n.  the  dragon- 

%• 

Devil's  snuff-box,  n.  the  puff-ball. 

Devil-squeaker,  n.  the  swift. 

Dewberry,  n.  the  dwarf  mulberry,  the 
fruit  of  the  Rubus  chamamiorus. 

Deyal,  Pr.  of  deal,  the  wood. 

Deyal,  Pr.  of  dale. 

Dib,  n.  a  dip. 

Dib,  v.i.  to  dip  or  incline. 

Dicky,  n.  "It's  all  o'  dicky  wi'  him"  = 
he  is  done  up,  ruined. 

Didder,  v.i.  to  shiver,  to  tremble. 

Didderin'-girse,  n.  quaking  grass. 

Dig,  v.t.  to  start  a  badger. 

Dight,  adj.  decorated,  arrayed,  dressed. 
A.S.  dihtan,  to  prepare,  set  in  order, 
dispose,  dyhte,  arranged. 

Dike,  v.t.  to  make  fences  or  ditches. 
AS.  dicia?i,  O.Fris.  dika,  S.G.  and 
Sw.  dika,  to  dig  a  ditch,  to  ditch, 
Dan.  dige,  to  dike,  to  raise  a  dike. 

Dike,  n.  a  ditch,  a  fence,  a  hedge.  A.S. 
die,  a  mound,  a  bank,  a  ditch,  Du. 
dijek,  a  ditch  or  bank,  Gael,  dig,  a 
ditch,  a  drain,  O.N.  diki,  S.G.  and 
Sw.  dike,  a  ditch  to  draw  off  water, 
Dan.  dige,  a  ditch,  or  foss. 

Dike-watter,  n.  the  stagnant  water  of 
a  ditch  or  dike  ;  as,  'As  dead  as  dike- 
watter;"  said  of  beer,  etc.  that  has 
become  flat.  « 

Dike-back,  n.  the  sides  of  the  earthern 
cop  of  a  thorn  fence  or  hedge. 


DI 


DO 


Diker,  n.  a  hedger  or  ditcher.  A.S. 
dicere,  Du.  dijcker,  Gael,  dlgeir. 

Dikin',  n.  the  act  of  ditching.  A.S. 
dicung. 

Dilly,  n.  a  small  public  carriage.  Cor- 
rupted from  Pr.  diligence. 

Ding,  v.t.  (1)  to  throw  violently, 
to  dash  down.  (2)  To  compel, 
to  master.  O.N.  dengia,  tundere, 
Dan.  dcenge,  S.G.  and  Sw.danga,  to 
bang,  to  thump.  (3)  To  impress  by 
means  of  noisy  reiteration,  to  beat 
into. 

Ding.    A  moderated  imprecation. 

DiSI-drhfe,  J  adv' in  good  earnest. 

Dinge,  v.t.  to  dint,  to  bruise,  to  make 
a  hollow.  O.N.  dengia,  tundere,  Dan. 
dcenge,  S.G.  and  Sw.  danga,  to  bang, 
to  thump. 

Dingle-dangle,  v.i.  to  dangle  loosely. 
Sw.  dingla,  to  dangle,  Dan.  dingle,  to 
dangle,  bob,  swing  to  and  fro,  S.G. 
dingldangl,  said  of  pendulous  or 
swinging  objects. 

Dinner-time,  n.  noon  or  mid-day. 

Dirdam.     See  Durdum. 

Dirl,  v.i.  (1)  to  tingle,  or  thrill  with  pain, 
the  sensation  being  the  result  of  a 
blow  or  other  violence.  (2)  To  move 
quickly. 

Dirler,  n.  a  light-footed,  active  per- 
son. 

Disannul,  v.t.  to  do  away  with,  to 
remove. 

Disgest,  Corr.  of  digest. 

Dish- clout,  n.  a  dish-cloth. 

Dish-faced,  adj.  hollow-faced. 

Dishweisher,  n.  a  scullery-maid. 

Ditch,  v.t.  to  make  a  ditch  or  moat. 

Ditch-back,  n.  a  fence. 

Dither,  v.i.  to  tremble,  to  shake. 

Ditherin'-girse.     See  Didderin'-girse. 

Divvel,  Pr.  of  devil. 

Divvling,  n.  the  swift. 

Do,  n.  an  entertainment. 

Doant,  Pr.  of  do  not. 

Dobbin,  n.  a  half-pint  glass  for  ale. 

Dobby,  n.  an  apparition,  a  ghost,  a 
spectre. 

Dockin,  n.  the  dock,  Genus  Rumex 
(Linn.).  If  a  person  is  stung  with  a 
nettle,  a  certain  cure  is  said  to  be 
performed  by  rubbing  dock  leaves 
over  the  affected  part,  repeating  the 
following  charm  very  slowly,  "Dockin 
in,  nettle  out ;  dockin  in,  nettle  out," 
for  about  ten  minutes. 


Dodded,  ^1  adj.  without  horns,  said  of 

Doddy,     >     a  cow  ;  as,  "  She's  a  dodt 

Dodt,  J  an  ; "  "  111- willy  cow  is 
always  a  doddyP 

Dodder,  v.i.  to  shake  or  tremble,  to 
shudder. 

Dodderin(g)-girse.  See  Didderin'- 
girse. 

Doddle,  v.i.  to  totter,  to  walk  un- 
steadily. 

Dodge,  v.t.  (1)  to  jog,  to  incite.  (2) 
To  follow  in  the  track  of  a  person  or 
animal.     (3)  To  try  to  cheat. 

Doff,  v.t.  to  do  off,  to  undress. 

Doff,  Pr.  of  dough. 

Dog,  n.  a  partial  rainbow  : 

"A  dog  at  night 
Is  the  farmer's  delight,"— 

since  it  is  considered  to  be  the  har- 
binger of  fine  weather. 

Dog,  n.  a  toaster  of  wood  or  iron  made 
in  the  form  of  a  dog. 

Dog-cheap,  adj.  excessively  cheap. 

Dog-daisy,  n  the  field  daisy. 

Dogger,  n.  a  small  fishing  ship. 

Dog-trail,  n.  a  trail  hunt. 

Dog-tree,  n.  the  alder. 

Dog-whipper,  n.  a  church  beadle. 

Doit,  n.  a  small  Dutch  coin,  valued 
at  about  half-a-farthing.  "  I  hevn't  a 
doit  to  pay  him  wi,"  i.e.  the  smallest 
coin.     Du.  duyt. 

Dole,  n.  grief,  sorrow.  Gael,  dolas,  woe, 
grief,  mourning. 

Dole,  n.  (1)  a  piece  of  heath  or  com- 
mon, off  which  only  one  person  has 
a  right  to  cut  fuel.  (2)  Money,  bread, 
etc.  distributed  to  the  poor.  A.S. 
dcelan,  to  divide,  distribute,  or  dole, 
O.  Fris.  dole,  a  present. 

Dolly,  n.  (1)  a  washing-tub.  (2)  A 
washing  beetle  worked  with  both 
hands. 

Dolly,  n.  a  slattern,  a  slut. 

Dolly,  v.t.  to  wash  linen,  etc.  with  the 
dolly-legs. 

Dolly-legs,  n.  an  implement  with  five 
or  six  legs  for  washing. 

Doly.  A  form  of  Dowly. 

Don,  v.t.  and  i.  to  do  on,  to  dress. 

Don'd,  p.p.  dressed. 

Donk,     )    adj.   damp,    moist,   humid  ; 

Donky,  f      "It's  nobbut  a  donlcy  day." 

Donks,  It,  v.imp.  It  falls  damp  ;  as, 
"  It  donks  and  it  dozzles"  =  It  damps 
and  drizzles. 

Door-cheeks,  n.  the  side-posts  of  a  door. 

Dorst,  Pr.  of  durst. 

25 


DO 


DE, 


Dossel,  n.  a  small  quantity,  a  bit  or  drop. 
Dot,  n.  a  small  lump. 

Sfughter,  |P''ofdau8hte- 

Double,  v.t.  to  shut  up ;  of  the  fist,  or 
of  a  person,  in  the  sense  of  over- 
powering him  in  argument. 

Doubtsome,  adj.  uncertain  as  to  an 
event. 

Douf,  n.  a  little  cake. 

Douk,  v.i.  to  duck  or  stoop  the  head. 
Gael,  dowcio,  to  dive,  S.G.  duka,  to 
sink  down. 

Douker,  n.  a  water-bird. 

Douse,  v.t.  to  duck  or  plunge  into  water, 
also  to  throw  water  in  quantity  upon 
any  one  ;    for  instance,  by  pailsful. 

Dou-tarn.  )  The  name   of  a  tarn  or 

Dow-tren.  \  pond  near  Carke,  in 
North  Lonsdale  (always  black  and 
dirty,  hence  perhaps  its  name). 

Dow,  v.i.  to  prosper,  to  mend.  "He 
nayder  dees  ner  dows."  "  He's  nowt 
at  dow  "  =  He  is  nothing  that  is  good, 
or  no  great  shakes  ;  where  at  is  the 
sign  of  the  infinitive  mood,  and  at 
dow  gerundial.  S.G.  doga,  A.S. 
diilite,  did  good. 

Dow  (pr.  doo),  adj.  gloomy ;  as,  "Dow 
Cray  in  Coniston  fells."  W.  Du, 
gloomy,  G&el.  dhu,  M.doo,  black,  dark. 

Dowel,  v.t.  to  fasten  planks  together 
with  a  wooden  pin  or  plug. 

Dowliness,  n.  solitariness. 

Dowly,  adj.  melancholy,  lonely.  Ap- 
plied to  a  person  it  signifies  melan- 
choly ;  to  a  place,  lonely.  "  A  house 
is  dowly  without  a  man  in  it,"  O.N. 
ddlegr,  wretched. 

Down,  v.t.  and  i.  (1)  to  knock  down. 
(2)  To  faU. 

Down,  adj.  (1)  sickly,  poorly.  (2)  Dis- 
consolate, cast  down. 

Down-come,  n.  a  depression  or  down- 
fall, as  a  fall  of  rain,  a  fall  in  the 
market. 

Down-foe  (Pr.  of  downfall),  n.  a  fall  of 
hail,  rain,  or  snow. 

Down-liggin(g),  n.  (1)  an  accouche- 
ment. (2)  Going  to  bed.  "  Frae 
up-rising  to  dovmligging "  =  From 
morning  to  night. 

Down-pour,  n.  a  very  heavy  rain. 

Dozzle,  v.i.  Pr.  of  drizzle. 

Draa,  Pr.  of  draw.  p.p.  Draan.  To 
draa  in,  to  withdraw,  to  retire. 

Draa-beas,  n.  cattle  collected  together, 
bought  at,  or  taken  to  fairs. 
26 


Draal,  Pr.  of  drawl. 

Draap,  )  v.i.  to  drawl  in  speaking,  to 

Draat,  ]  speak  slow  and  monoto- 
nously. 

Drabbed,  adj.  splashed  with  mud. 

Drabbet,  v.t.  a  moderated  imprecation  ; 
an  abbrev.  of  'od  rabbet. 

Draff,  n.  grains  of  malt  after  brewing, 
with  which  cows  and  swine  are  fed. 
Gael,  drabh,  refuse,  draff,  A.S.  drabbe, 
dregs,  lees,  M.  drow,  the  malt  after 
the  beer  is  extracted,  O.N.  draf, 
Dan.  drav,  dregs,  lees,  grounds,  S.G. 

•  and  Sw.  draf.  "The  civil  sow  gets 
all  the  draff." 

Drag,  n.  (1)  a  heavy  harrow  used  for 
breaking  clods  in  stiff  land.  (2)  An 
instrument  with  iron  prongs  for 
drawing  weeds  out  of  ditches,  or 
dung  out  of  carts. 

Drake,  (1)  n.  a  kind  of  curl,  when  the 
ends  of  the  hair  only  turn  up,  and 
all  the  rest  hangs  smooth.  (2)  Darnell 
grass. 

Drape,  n.  a  cow  whose  milk  is  dried 
up  (or  only  comes  by  drops).  Pro- 
perly an  adjective. 

Drat,  v.t.  a  moderated  imprecation. 

Draught,  n.  a  team  of  horses  in  a  cart 
or  waggon,  both  collectively  taken. 

Draup,  v.i.  to  drawl  in  speaking.  See 
Draap. 

Dreadful.  Used  augmentatively,  in  the 
sense  of  very  much. 

Dreap.     See  Draap,  Draup. 

Drearisome,  adj.  very  dreary. 

Drede,  Pr.  of  dread. 

Dree,  adj.  long,  tedious,  wearisome. 
Dan.  dr'bj,  lasting,  Sw.  drbja,  to  delay, 
M.  dree,  tedious,  slow,  O.N.  drcegia, 
S.G.  and  Sw.  drbja,  delay,  loitering. 

Dree,  v.t.  to  suffer,  to  endure.  A.S. 
dreogan,  to  suffer,  to  undergo. 

Dree,  v.i.  to  last,  endure  in  point  of 
time.  [O.E.  drechen.  dreg  en,  to  last. 
Ed.  J    "  To  dree  out"  =  To  hold  out. 

Dreeam,  Pr.  of  dream. 

Dreely,  adv.  slowly,  tediously. 

Dress,  v.t.  (1)  to  beat.  (2)  To  scold. 
(3)  To  prepare  or  clean  anything,  to 
cleanse  it  from  refuse,  to  adorn,  to 
set  anything  upright,  or  put  it  in  its 
proper  place,  to  cultivate  land.  "  To 
dress  a  horse  "  is  to  clean  it . 

Dressin(g),  n.  (1)  a  beating.  (2)  A 
scolding.  "  I  gev  him  a  gud  dress- 
in  "=  I  gave  him  a  good  dressing. 
(3)  Emaciation  from  disease. 


DR 


EA 


Dreyav,  Pr.  of  drove. 

Dribble,   v.i.    (1)   to    drizzle,   or   rain 

slowly.  (2)  v.t.  To  deal  out  sparingly. 
Drinkin(g),  n.  beer  or  milk  given  to 

farm  labourers  between  the  principal 

meals.     (2)  A  meal  between  dinner 

and  supper. 
Drip,  n.  snow.     "As  white  as  drip"  = 

As  white  as  snow.    Comp.  O.N.  dript 

or  drift,  newly  driven  snow. 
Drip-white,   adj.   perfectly  white,   as 

white    as    snow.      O.N.    drifthvitr, 

white  as  driven  snow. 
Drive,  v.i.  to  procrastinate  ;  as,  "  Don't 

drive  that  wark  while  to  morn  "  =  Do 

not  put  that  work  off  until  tomorrow. 
Drive  pigs,  To=To  snore. 
Dro-beas,  n.  cattle  collected  together 

in  a  drove.     See  Draa-beas. 
Drone,  n.  a  lazy  fellow. 
Droning,  adj.  of  a  lazy,  indolent  mode 

of  doing  a  thing. 
Droot,  adj.  dry. 
Drop,  n.  a  reduction  of  wages. 
Drop-dry,  adj.  watertight. 
Droppin(g)s,  n.  the  dung  of  cattle  and 

sheep,  and  also  of  birds. 
Droppy,  adj.  wet,  rainy. 
Drucken,   adj.    drunk,    tipsy.       O.N. 

druchinn,  Dan.  drukken,  drunk,  tipsy, 

intoxicated  ( p.p.  of  drikke,  to  drink), 

S.G.  and  Sw.  drucken. 
Dry,  adj.  crafty,  subtle. 
Dry,  v.t.  to  wipe  anything  dry. 
Dry-meat,  n.  hay. 
Dry-wogh,   n.  a  wall    built    without 

mortar. 
Du,  dud,  dun = do,  did,  done. 
Dub,  n.  (1)   a  deep  pit.     (2)  A  small 

pool  of  water,  a  puddle,  a  deep  hole 

in  a  river.  Gael,  dubhagan,  M.  dhub- 

bey,  a  puddle,  a  pool. 
Dub,  v.  t.  to  cut  the  comb  and  wattles 

of  a  cock. 
Dubbing,  n.  a  mixture  of  oil  and  tallow 

for  making  leather    impervious    to 

water.     W.  dub,  mortar,  cement. 
Dub-skelper,  n.  a  horse  that  leaps  well. 
Duckstone,  n.  a  game  played  by  trying 

with  a  stone  to  knock  a  small  stone 

off  a  larger  one  which  supports  it. 

g^jPr.ofdoor. 

Duffel,  n.  a  light  cloth  with  a  rough  nap. 

Dulbert,  n.  a  blockhead. 

Dule,  Corr.  of  devil. 

Dulsome,  adj.  heavy,  dull, 

Dull  of  hearing,  more  or  less  deaf. 


do  not. 


Dummel-heead,  n.  a  blockhead. 
Dummy,  n.  a  dumb  person. 
Dumpling,  n.  a  fat  dwarf. 
Dumpy,  adj.  (1)  short  and  thick.     (2) 

Sullen,  discontented. 
Dunderheod,  n.  a  blockhead. 
Dun-horse,  To  ride  the.     To  ask  for  a 

debt. 
Dunna, 
Dunnet, 

Dunty,  adj.  stunted. 
Durable,  adj.  long,  tedious  ;  as,  "  He's 

a  durable  sitter." 
Durden,    )  n.  uproar,   hub-bub.     W. 
Durdum,  )       dwrdd,  a  stir,  a  noise. 
Dure-sill,  n.  the  threshold  of  a  door. 
Dure-stead,  n.  the  space  occupied  by 

the  door. 
Dust,  n.  (1)  the  small  particles  separated 

from  the  oats  in  shelling.  (2)  Tumult, 

uproar  ;  as,  "  To  kick  up  a  dust." 
Dusta?  Dost  thou? 


E. 


E.  (1)  Corr.  of  pers.  pron.  I.  (2)  Corr. 
of  prep,  i,  in. 

Ea,  n.  (1)  water  (generally).  (2)  A  river, 
the  channel  of  the  river.  Kent,  as 
it  runs  down  the  Lancaster  Sands, 
Morecambe  Bay,  is  called  "  The  Ea." 
A.S.  Ea,  water.  The  river  Leven 
on  the  Ulverston  Sands,  is  also  so 
called.  The  river  or  beck  at  Carke 
was  formerly  called  "  The  Ea." 

Eak,  n.  an  oak.     (Ed  pr.  as  in  dear), 

Earand,  n.  an  errand.  O.N.  erende, 
A.S.  cerend,  Dan.  cerende,  errand, 
business. 

Earl,  Pr.  of  earl. 

Earles,  n.  earnest  money. 

Ear-mark,  n.  a  mark  to  know  sheep  by. 

Earnest,  n.  deposit  money  given  to 
bind  a  bargain,  or  on  hiring  a  servant. 

Earth,  v.i.  to  lodge  as  a  badger  or  fox 
does. 

Earth-fast,  adj.  said  of  a  stone  appear- 
ing on  the  surface,  but  fast  in  the 
earth.     Sw.  jordfast. 

Earth-nut,  n.  a  pig-nut  or  earth-chest- 
nut. 

Easings,  n.  the  eaves  of  a  house.  A.S. 
efese. 

Easin-sparrow,  n.  the  common  house- 
sparrow. 

Evat'h  S  n'  ^orr'  °f  S^0L  ^or  oa*n' 

27 


EA 


EV 


n.  afternoon. 


Eat  out  o'  house  an'  harbour  :  to  in- 
jure a  person  in  his  circumstances  by 
partaking  too  freely  of  his  hospitality. 

Eawe,  n.  an  ewe.     A.S.  eaw. 

Edge,  11.  the  side  of  a  hill,  a  ridge. 

Edge  off,  To,  v,i.  to  stand  aside,  to 
make  way. 

Edgro,  )  n.  aftermath.    A  rent  called 

Etgro,  )  Edgro,  or  Etgro  rent,  is  pay- 
able in  the  Manor  of  Muchland,  in 
Low  Furness,  for  the  pasturage  of 
the  aftermath.  A.S.  edgrowung,  a 
regrowing. 

Ee,  n.  an  eye. 

Ee !  or  Eeh !  inter j.  an  interjection  ex- 
pressive of  delight. 

Een,  ii.  the  eyes.     Comp.  A.S.  eyne. 

Ee-seyar,  Pr.  of  eyesore. 

Ee-teuth,  Pr.  of  eye-tooth. 

Eever,  n.  the  quarter  from  which  the 
wind  blows. 

~E£ter,prep.  after.  A.S.,  O.Fris.,  O.N., 
Dan.,  S.G.,  and  Sw.  efter.  See  At 
efter. 

Efterbirth,  n.  the  placenta  of  a  cow  or 
other  animal.     Sw.  efterbord. 

Efter-girse,  n.  after-grass. 

Efternune, 

Efternean, 

Egg,  v.t.  to  urge  on,  to  incite,  to  insti- 
gate. A.S.  eggiaii,  to  excite,  O.Fris. 
eggia,  O.N.  eggja. 

Egg-clock,  n.  the  cockchafer. 

Egging,  ii.  urging,  incitement,  O.N. 
egging. 

Eggs  and  Collops :  fried  eggs  and 
bacon. 

Egodlins,  adv.  truly. 

Eigh,  adv.  aye,  yes.  "Eigh  suer"= 
Yes,  to  be  sure,  yes,  certainly. 

Eigh-wye:  yes,  yes. 

Eish,  ") 

Esch,  \n.  an  ash.     Sw.  ash,  A.S.  aesc. 

Esh,   J 

Eish-keys,  n.  the  pods  containing  the 
seed  of  the  ash. 

Elder,  n.  a  cow's  udder. 

Elders,  n.  parents.  A.S.  eldran,  O.Fris. 
alder. 

Eldin,  ii.  Fuel  or  fire,  firing.  A.S. 
aid,  yld,  fire,  O.N.  eldingi,  fuel,  from 
elldr,  fire,  S.G.,  Sw.,  eld,  Dan.  ild. 

Eldst,  Pr.  of  eldest. 

Elf,  n.  (1)  a  fairy.  (2)  A  mischievous 
person. 

Eller,  ii.  the  alder-tree  (Betula  alnus, 
Linn.).  A.S.  ellam,  O.Fris.  elren, 
O.N.  elm,  alnus,  Dan.  elle,  pi,  eller. 
28 


Elly-mouth,  n.  a  bound  or  goal  in  the 

game  of  football. 
Else,  Contr.  of  Alice. 
Elsin,  11.  an  awl. 
Elsewhiddher,  adv.  elsewhither.     A.S. 

elleshwider. 
Elt,  v.t.  to  knead. 
Emblements,  n.  profits    of   land,   as 

grass,  fruit,  etc. 
End,    Great  :    a  phrase  employed  to 

signify    a    large     proportion,    or    a 

quantity  absolutely  ;  as,  "  It  cost  me 

a  girt  end  of  a  pound  "  =  It  cost  me 

nearly  a  pound. 
End,  'Most  on  (Corr.  of  almost  on  end), 

used   adverbially ;    continually,   un- 

intermittingly. 
End,  Reeght  up  on,  used  adverbially : 

perfectly  upright. 
End,  At  a  louse,  used  as  an  adv.  or 

adj.  :    without    occupation,    out    of 

employ. 
End,  v.t.  to  finish,  to  kill. 
Endas,  )  Pr.   of    endways  ;    as,    "  Git 


Endus,  {      endus  wi  tha"  =  Go  along, 

improve  your  pace. 
Endmest,  adj.  endmost.     A.S.  ende- 

mcest. 
Enoo,  adv.  enough. 
Enow,  adv.  by  and    bye,   presently; 

possibly  a  contraction  of  even  or  den 

novj. 
Entry,  n.  a  narrow  passage,  a  lane. 
Enty,  ii.  the  last  furrow  in  a  rigg. 
Er  :  are.     O.N.  pi.  1,  erum ;    2,  enifS  ; 

3,  Em.     Dan.  pi.  1,  2,  3,  ere. 

—Dr.  C.  Lottner  in  Philo.  Trans.,  1860, 1,  p.  63. 

Erbes,  n.  herbs. 

Eshd,  p.p.  asked.  Cf.  Du.  eysschen,  to 
ask,  demand. 

Eshle-tree,  n.  an  axle-tree.  Gael,  aisil, 
M.  essyl. 

Esk,  ii.  a  newt.     See  Ask. 

Eslins,  n.  a  salmon-fly. 

Esp,      )  n.  the  aspen  tree.    A.S.  asp, 

Espin,  \  O.Fris.  and  Du.  espe,  O.N. 
espi,  the  trembling  poplar. 

Ess-hole,  Corr.  of  ass-hole. 

Esta  I  Corr.  of  hast  thou  ? 

Et,  Corr.  of  at. 

Eternal,  Corr.  of  infernal. 

Etgro.     See  Edgro. 

Ettle,  v.i.  to  intend  or  purpose. 

Ettle,  v.  t.  to  deal  out  sparingly,  to  dis- 
tribute in  small  portions. 

Ev,  Corr.  of  have, 

Evven,  Pr.  of  even. 

Ewen-down,  adj.  (1)  thorough,  down- 


EV 


FA 


right ;  as,  "He  threaped  ma  evven- 

down"=ile  flatly  contradicted  me. 

(2)  Perpendicular. 
Evven  on,  adv.  close  to  the  mark. 
Even-forret,        )  adv.     directly    for- 
Evven-forward,  ]     ward. 
Evermaiyar,  Pr.  of  evermore. 
Ew,  Pr.  of  yew. 

Ex,  v.t.  to  ask.    A.S.  acsian  or  axian. 
Ex'd  out :    of   persons  whose   banns 

have  been  published  or  asked  three 

times. 
Exings,  n.  askings,  banns  of  marriage. 
Ey !  Will  thou  !  an  exclamation. 
Ey,  adv.  aye,  yes. 
Eyable,  Pr.  of  able. 
Eyacre,  Pr.  of  acre. 
Eyak,  Pr.  of  oak.     A.S.  ac,  cec,  O.N". 

eyk,  S.G.  ek. 
Eyal,  Pr.  of  ale.    A.  S .  eala  or  ealo. 

i^^js*  =%**»«"• 

Eyal'us,  Pr.  of  ale-house.  A.S.  eal-htis. 
Ez,  Corr.  of  has,  as. 

F. 

Faaldin',  n.  the  act  of  driving  cattle 
or  sheep  into  a  fold  or  yard. 

Faat,  Pr.  of  fault. 

Face,  v.t.  "To  face  one  with  a  lie"= 
To  make  him  believe  that  it  is  true  ; 
"  To  face  one  out "  =  To  put  him 
down  by  positive  assertions. 

Faced-card,  n.  an  ace,  king,  queen,  or 
knave  at  cards,  a  court-card. 

Fadder,  Pr.  of  father. 

Faded,  adj.  tainted,  decayed. 

Fadom,  Pr.  of  fathom. 

Faffle,  v.i.  (1)  to  be  inconsiderate  in 
speech.    (2)  To  saunter,  to  fumble. 

Fagnt,j^-of  tofiSht- 

Fagot,  n.  a  contemptuous  name  for  a 

woman. 
Fain,  adj.  glad,  delighted,  pleased.  A.S. 

fagen,  glad,  joyful,  O.'N.feginn,  laetus, 

S.G.  fcegen. 
Fain,  adv.  gladly. 
Fair,  adj.  level  or  parallel. 
Fair,  adv.  Used  as  an  augmentative, 

and  meaning  utterly,  completely,  very, 

tolerably  large  or  numerous. 
Fairly,  adv.  (1)   softly.     (2)   Simply, 

completely  ;  as  in  "Fairly  off'  in  the 

middle  "  =  Faint  with  hunger. 


Fairy.  "Fairy  finger-marks  "  =  Hollow 
marks  in  limestone,  as  if  fingers  had 
been  pressed  upon  the  stones  when 
soft. 

Fall,  n.  yeaning  of  lambs. 

Fallals,  n.  the  falling  ruffs  of  a  woman's 
dress,  any  gay  ornaments. 

Fancical,  adj.  fanciful. 

Fand,  pret.  of  To  find.  Of.  AS.  found, 
pret.  of  findan. 

Fantickled,  adj.  freckled.  See  Farn- 
tickles. 

Fantickles,    )      freckles 

Farntickles,  ) n' lreckles- 

Far,  )  adv.  farther.    "  I'll  he  far  if 

Farther,  \  I  do  "=I  will  by  no  means 
do  so. 

Far  away,  adv.  by  much,  by  far. 

Far  by:  compared  with.  "To-day's 
fine  far  by  yesterday." 

Fare,  v.  i.  to  proceed,  get  on,  draw  nigh 
to,  or  seem  to  be  beginning.  "  How 
dus  t&fare  V  or,  "How fares ta  ?"= 
How  do  you  go  on,  or  do  ?  "  She 
fares  a  cauving  ;"  of  a  cow  when 
symptoms  of  calving  make  them- 
selves observed. 

Fares-te-weel :  fare  thee  well. 

Farley,  n.  something  wonderful. 

Farrantly,  adj.  decent,  respectable. 

Farreps  :  a  name  for  the  devil. 

Farrest,  adj.  superl.  farthest.  A.S. 
feorrest. 

Farrish-on  (used  as  an  adj.),  advanced 
in  years  ;  also  nearly  intoxicated. 

Fash,  n.  trouble,  care,  anxiety,  fatigue. 

Fash,  v.t.  to  fatigue,  to  trouble,  to  vex, 
to  tire.  Fr./ acker,  to  trouble  or  tease. 

Fashion,  n.  condition  of  health.  "He's 
of  his  better  fashion "  =  In  better 
than  his  usual  health. 

Fast,  adv.  very  near  ;  as,  "  I  gev  fast 
on  ten  pounds  for  her  "= Very  near 
ten  pounds. 

Fast,  adj.  intimate,  firmly  attached. 

Fast -and -louse.  A  cheating  game, 
played  with  a  stick  and  a  belt  or 
string,  so  arranged  that  a  spectator 
would  think  that  he  could  make  the 
latter  fast  by  placing  a  stick  through 
its  intricate  folds,  whereas  the  opera- 
tor could  detach  it  at  once.  Other- 
wise called  "  Prick  in  the  garter." 

Father,  v.t.  (1)  to  impute  a  child  to  its 
father.  Thence,  (2)  To  impute  any- 
thing, or  lay  it  to  anyone's  charge. 

Fau'  (Pr.  of  fall),  a  rood  of  lineal  land- 
measure  of  seven  yards. 

29 


FA 


FI 


Fause  (Pr.  of  false),  adj.  shrewd,  cun- 
ning, treacherous. 

Fauseness,  Pr.  of  falseness. 

Faut,  Pr.  of  fault. 

Faughter,  v.t.  to  knock  off  the  beards 
of  barley  when  thrashed. 

Faughtering-iron,  n.  an  iron  used  to 
knock  off  the  beards  of  barley  when 
thrashed. 

Fastens  ee'n,  the  eve  of  Ash- Wednes- 
day. 

Faw,  Pr.  of  fall. 

Faw-gang  (Corr.  of  Faa-gang),  n.  a 
gang  of  rogues  and  beggars.  (From 
Johnny  Faa,  a  leader  of  rogues  and 
beggars). 

Fawn,  Pr.  of  fallen. 

Fawred,  Pr.  of  favoured. 

Feace,  Pr.  of  face. 

Feaig,  n.  a  dirty,  idle  person,  a  teasing 
child. 

Feal,  v.t.  to  hide  slily.  O.N.  and  S.G. 
fela,  to  hide  away,  Dan.  fioele,  AS. 
feolan,  M.G.flkan. 

ESS,!"**"* 

Fearful,  used  augmentatively ;  tre- 
mendously, greatly. 

Feather-edged,  adj.  of  a  stone  thinner 
at  one  edge  than  at  the  other. 

Feaw  (Pr.  of  few),  n.  a  little  in  quantity; 
as,  "  a,  feaw  broth." 

February. — 

February  fill-dike 

Wi'  aidller  black  or  white ; — 

i.e.  with  either  rain  or  snow. 
Feckless,  adj.  weak,  feeble,  infirm  of 

purpose,  inefficient. 
Feddher,  Pr.  of  feather. 
Feddher-weight,   n.    a    wrestler    not 

more  than  9-g-  stones  weight. 
Feeding,  adj.  nutritious. 
Feeding-storm,  n.  a  constant  snow. 
Feek,  v.i.  to  walk  about  in  perplexity. 

S.G.  fjdcka,  to  wander  hither  and 

thither. 
Feel,  v.t.  to  perceive,  be  conscious  of. 

"  I  feel  a  bad  smell." 
Feffment,  n.  enfeofment,  endowment. 
Feign,  v.t.  to  dig  turf. 
Feign,  n.  the  top  part  of  turbary  which 

does  not  yield  peats. 
Felfaa,  Pr.  of  fieldfare. 
Felks,  n.  fellies  of  a  wheel,  which  col- 
lectively form  the  circumference  to 

which  the  tire  is  attached.  A.S.  felg. 
Fell,  n.  (1)  bare  elevated  land,  a  moor, 

a  hill  or  mountain.    (2)  A  rocky  hill. 
30 


Sw.fjall,  a  chain  of  mountains,  O.N. 
fell,  a  small  mountain,  N.Fris.  _/}«/. 

Fell,  v.t.  (1)  to  knock  down  ;  applied 
in  the  case  of  man,  beast,  or  tree,  or 
anything  standing  upright.  A.  S. 
fellan,  to  make  to  fall,  O.Fris.  filla, 
O.N.  fella.  _ 

Fellon,  n.  a  disease  in  cows,  occasioned 
by  cold,  and  causing  great  pain. 

Fellon-wood,  n.  the  herb  Bittersweet 
or  Ladslove. 

Felt,  pret.  of  To  fell ;  feUed. 

Felt,  n.  a  hat. 

Fend,  v.t.  and  i.  to  provide,  to  en- 
deavour, to  make  shift,  to  ward  off. 

Fend,  n.  attempt  to  make  provision. 

Fend  and  prove,  To :  to  argue  and 
defend. 

Fendible,  adj.  industrious,  managing, 
provident ;  as,  "  She's  a  gay  fendible 
body  "=  She  is  a  remarkably  manag- 
ing person. 

Fendy,  adj.  thrifty,  managing. 

Fen'some,  adj.  (1)  adroit.  (2)  Neat, 
becoming. 

Fent,  n.  a  remnant  of  cotton,  or  other 
woven  fabric. 

Fest,  v.t.  (1)  to  put  out  cattle  to  grass, 
to  agist  at  a  rate  per  head  agreed 
upon.  (2)  To  put  out  to  board  ;  as, 
"  I  agreed  to  fest  mysel  for  ten  shil- 
lings a  week  "=I  agreed  to  board  for 
ten  shillings  a  week.  (3)  To  let  off 
any  work,  O.N./esta,  to  agree  for  a 
stipulated  price,  festa,  a  rent,  Dan. 
give  i  faiste,  to  let  on  lease,  taga  i 
fceste,  to  take  on  lease  ;  Gael,  fas- 
daidh,  hire,  engage. 

Fet,  v.t.  to  fetch.     A.S.fetian. 

Fetch,  n.  subtlety,  a  crafty  pretence  in 
order  to  deceive  a  person. 

Fetch  in,  To  :  to  seize. 

Fetch  up,  To  :  to  overtake. 

Fettle,  v.t.  (1)  to  repair,  to  set  right,  to 
put  in  order  ;  as,  "I  fettled  it"  =  I 
made  it  all  right.  (2)  To  beat.  See 
Fettling. 

Fettle,  n.  state,  condition  ;  as,  "  My 
scythe's  i'  gradely  fettle"  =  In  right 
good  condition  for  work ;  "  I '  gud 
fettle"  =  In  good  condition." 

Fettling,  n.  a  thrashing  or  beating ;  as, 
"  I  gev  him  a  good  fettling" 

Fey,  v.t.  to  cleanse. 

Fezzan,  Pr.  of  pheasant. 

Fidge,  v.i.  to  kick  with  the  feet,  to 
fidget,  to  sprawl,  to  waddle. 

Fidgin',  adj.  uneasy,  restless,  impatient. 


FI 


FL 


Fierce,  adj.  brisk,  lively. 

Fift,  Pr.  of  fifth. 

Fig,  v.t.  to  apply  ginger  to  a  horse  to 
excite  him  to  carry  a  fine  tail. 

Fighting-cocks,  n.  the  headed  seed- 
stems  of  rib-grass,  with  which  boys 
play  by  fighting  with  them.  Comp. 
Prov.  Sw.  hamper,  N.  kjempe  (cham- 
pions), names  for  the  same  objects. 

Fig-sew,  n.  ale  boiled  with  wheaten 
bread  and  figs  ;  a  common  Good 
Friday  dish.    W.  sew,  broth,  pottage. 

File,  n.  a  name  of  contempt  for  a 
person  full  of  low  cunning. 

Filly-tails  and  Mares' -manes  ;  names 
for  streaky  clouds  of  the  cirrus  kind. 

Filth,  n.  a  disreputable  woman,  a 
scoundrel. 

Filthy,  adj.  covered  with  weeds. 

Find,  v.t.  Pr.  of  find. 

Fine,  adj.  (1)  considerable,  good,  praise- 
worthy; as,  "A  fine  deal" = A  large 
quantity;  "Ay,  she's  a  fine  girl"  = 
She  is  a  good,  well-behaved,  indus- 
trious girl ;  "  It's  gaan  to  be  fine  an' 
wet  "= It  is  likely  for  heavy  rain. 

Finely,  adv.  very  well  in  health. 

Finnikin,  adj.  finical,  trifling,  scrupu- 
lously particular. 

Fire-fanged,  adj.  of  oats  or  barley  too 
hastily  dried  in  the  kiln. 

First  end,  n.  the  beginning. 

Firtle,  v.i.  to  intermeddle  in  small 
matters,  to  fidget. 

Fish.  "  I'll  net  mekfish  o'  yan  and  fowl 
o'  t'udder "  =  I  will  show  no  partiality. 

Fit,  v.t.  to  serve  out,  to  match,  to  be 
equal  with. 

Fitches,  n.  vetches.  Du.  vitse,  a  vetch. 

Fitters,  n.  very  small  pieces,  fragments. 

Fixfax,  n.  the  thick  tendon  of  a  cow's 
or  ox's  neck.     S.G.  ficlc-facJc. 

Flaat  (pret.  of  to  flyte),  scolded. 

Flaatch,  v.t.  to  flatter,  to  wheedle. 

Flacker,  v.i.  to  flutter,  to  quiver,  to 
use  the  wings  hurriedly  as  a  bird 
does  when  taking  hasty  flight. 

Flagging,  n.  the  act  of  covering  an 
embankment  or  grass  plot  with  sods. 

Flah,  n.  a  square  grassy  piece  of  turf 
dried  and  used  as  fuel,  and  which 
blazes  up  when  put  on  the  fire. 

Flam,  v.t.  (1)  to  deceive  or  cheat.     (2) 

To  flatter. 
Flam,  n.  (1)  falsehood.     (2)  Flattery, 
Flan,  adj.  shallow  and  with    sloping 


or  broad  at  the  mouth  and 
narrow  at  the  bottom ;  as  a  pan,  a 
scuttle,  etc. 

Flang,  pret.  of  to  fling  ;  as,  "  Hefiang 
t'  staiyan"  =  He  threw  the  stone. 

Flange,  v.i.  to  project  out. 

Flannen,  n.  flannel.     W.  gwlanen. 

Flap,  n.  a  stroke  or  touch. 

Flap,  v.t.  to  strike  or  beat. 

Flap,  n.  (1)  the  leather  or  valve  of  a 
pump.  (2)  A  piece  of  anything  flap- 
ping to  and  fro  on  a  line  or  point,  as 
a  fiy-fiap  to  drive  flies  away. 

Flapper,  v.i.  to  quiver,  to  flutter. 

Flappers,  n.  young  birds  just  able  try 
their  wings  before  flying. 

Flat,  n.  a  hollow  in  a  field. 

Flatch,  v.t.  to  flatter.    See  Flaatch. 

Flayin',  n.  a  spectre,  an  apparition. 

Flay,  v.t.  to  frighten. 

Flay,  v.t.  to  pare  turf  with  a  breast 
plough. 

Flay-craa,  n,  a  scarecrow,  a  guy. 

Fleak,  n.  a  fluke  or  flounder. 

Fleak,  n.  (1)  a  species  of  hurdle  or 
rack.  [Germ,  fiechten,  to  interweave 
or  wattle,  fiecht-werk,  Sw.  fiat-verk, 
basket-work,  Prov.  Sw.  fiake,  wattled 
hurdles.  Ed.]  (2)  A  number  of  cords, 
to  hang  riddled  bread  upon.  A.S. 
fieax,  a  hairy  thread,  of  which  I  have 
often  seen  them  made. 

Fleckerin(g),  n.  the  act  of  laughing  or 
moving  about  of  the  lips  and  mouth 
in  a  scornful  manner. 

Flee,  Pr.  of  fly,  both  vb.  and  n. 

Fleed,  p.p.  fled. 

Fleet,  adj.  shallow,  as  a  pan  or  vessel, 
or  water. 

Fleet,  v.t.  to  skim  or  take  the  cream 
off  milk.     A.S.  fiiete,  cream. 

Fleeting-dish,  n.  a  shallow  dish  for 
skimming  off  the  cream. 

Fleet -milk,  )        ,  .  -,      .71 

Flet-milk,    \  n'  skimmed  milk- 

Meetings,  n.  (1)  curds.  (2)  Cream. 
A.S.  fiiete. 

Fleuks,  n.  fat  vermin  in  the  livers  of 
diseased  sheep.     Comp.  Fleak. 

Flewer,  Pr.  of  floor. 

Flick,  n.  a  flitch  of  bacon.  A.S.fiicce, 
Dim.fiykke,  Vl.fiikke,  O.N.fiicki. 

Flicker,  v.i.  to  flutter. 

Fligary,  n.  a  gaudily-dressed  girl. 

Fling,  v.t,  (1)  to  baffle,  to  disappoint. 
(2)  To  overcome,  to  throw  in  wrest- 
ling.    (3)  To  defraud,  to  cheat.     (4) 
To  dance  in  a  peculiar  manner. 
31 


FL 


FO 


Flipe,  n.  the  rim  of  a  hat. 

Flirligig,  n.  nondescript  thing.  (2)  A 
wanton  lass. 

Flirt,  v.t.  to  move  nimbly. 

Flit,  v.i.  to  remove,  to  shift  one's  goods 
and  furniture  from  one  residence  to 
another.  0.~N.flytia,  vehere,  depor- 
tare,  N.  Fris.  fiytte,  to  remove  out  of 
one  house  into  another,  Sw.  fiytta, 
to  move,  to  remove,  Dan.  fiytte,  to 
change  one's  abode. 

Flit  ) 

Flitting,  \  vd'  fliSht>  removal-  < 

Flite,  v.t.  to  scold.  A.S.  fiitan,  to 
dispute,  to  quarrel. 

Flocks,  n.  down  ;  also,  inferior  wool. 

Flodder,  n.  foam.  Fr.  fiotter,  to  float, 
imply  something  light  and  empty, 
M.  fioadran,  something  floating. 

Flooring,  n.  a  brood  or  flight  of  chickens 
or  other  fowls. 

Flop,  v.i.  to  walk  clumsily. 

Florrish,  n.  blossom  of  fruit  trees,  etc. 
Lat.  fioreo,  to  bloom. 

Flow,  adj.  (1)  wild,  untractable.  (2) 
Cold,  boisterous. 

Flowsy,  n.  a  slattern. 

Fluke,  n.  a  flounder,  flat-fish. 

Fluke-mouthed,  adj.  having  a  mouth 
like  a  flounder  or  fluke. 

Flum,  n.  flattery,  deceit. 

Flummery,  n,  (1)  nonsense.  (2)  Oat- 
meal boiled  in  water  until  it  is  thick 
and  gelatinous. 

Flurt,  v.i.  to  snap  the  fingers  derisively. 

Flush,  adj.  (1)  fully  feathered.  (2)  Fair 
or  even  with  [artificer's  term]. 

Flush,  n.  the  hot  stage  of  a  fever.  "  I' 
t'  flush  on  it  "  =  At  the  height  of  it. 

Fluster,  n.  a  great  hurry,  caused  gene- 
rally by  a  sudden  surprise. 

Flustered,  adj.  half-tipsy.  (2)  Swelled 
or  bloated. 

Fluzz,  v.  t.  to  blunt. 

Fluzzed,  adj.  blunt  and  jagged  at  the 
point,  bruised. 

Flyrin(g),  n.  smiling  scornfully. 

Flyte,  v.t.     See  Flite. 

Foan-out,  Pr.  of  fallen  out. 

Fob,  v.  t.  to  jerk  the  taw  at  marbles,  by 
an  action  of  the  whole  hand,  instead 
of  shooting  it  fairly  with  the  thumb. 

Foddher  (Pr.  of  fodder),  v.t.  to  supply 
food  to  cattle. 

Foddhergang,   )  n.  a  passage  along  the 

Fodderingang,  )     heads  of  the  booses 
in  a  cowhouse  from  which  fodder  is 
supplied  to  the  cattle. 
32 


Fog,  ns  aftergrass,  aftermath,  the  grass 
that  comes  after  a  crop  of  hay.  Comp. 
foghar,  the  harvest,  autumn,  W.fwg, 
long  dry  grass. 

Foiled-girse,  n.  grass  much  trodden. 

Foist,  v.i.  to  smell  musty. 

Foisty,  adj.  musty. 

Folk,  n.  family,  household  ;  as,  "  Our 
fowkv  =  Our  family  party  or  house- 
hold, collectively. 

Follow,  v.t.  to  court,  to  pay  addresses. 
"  He  ha'  wedd'd  her  at  last ;  he'd 
followed  her  lang  enouff." 

Follower,  n.  one  who  is  courting  a 
young  woman. 

Fond,  adj.  stupid,  silly,  idiotic.  Isl. 
faane,  S.G.  f tine,  fatuus. 

Fondly,  adv.  foolishly. 

Foomart  (Pr.  of  Foulmart),  n.  the  pole- 
cat.    W.  ffwlbart. 

Foor,  n.  a  furrow.  A.S.furh,  Du.  voore, 
Sw.fara. 

Foot,  n.  the  mark  of  the  feet  of  the  fox. 

Foot,  v.i.  to  dance.  "Ise  gaan  to  foot 
it,"  i.e.  to  dance. 

Foot-gate,  n.  a  footpath. 

Footer.     See  Faughter. 

Footin',  n.  liquor  or  money  given  by 
an  apprentice  to  his  fellows  when 
entering  his  engagement. 

Foranent,  adv.  opposite  to. 

For-by,  adv.  besides,  over  and  above. 

Force,  n.  a  cascade,  a  waterfall.  O.N. 
fors,  a  cascade,  Sw.forsa,  to  rush,  to 
gush,  fors,  stream,  waterfall,  S.G. 
fors,  a  cataract. 

Force-fall,  n.  a  waterfall  in  High  Fur- 
ness.     0 .N .  fors-fall,  a  cascade. 

Forder  (Pr.  of  further),  v.t.  to  promote, 
advance,  or  further.  S.G.  fordra, 
promo vere,  juvare. 

Fore-elders,  n.  ancestor.  Dan.  forceldre, 
OJN.forelldri,  S.G.  and  Sw.fSreldrar, 
majores.  [of  a  thing. 

Fore-end,  n.  (1)  spring.    (2)  Beginning 

Foret  (Pr.  of  forward),  adv.  forth. 

Forgatten,  )         f       , , 

For|itten;|^forgotten- 

Fork,  v.t.  to  throw  or  heave  with  a 
pitch-fork. 

Formel,  v.  t.  to  bespeak.  O.N.  formcela, 
diris  devovere,  S.G.formala,  to  men- 
tion, Dan.  formelde,  to  announce. 

Formest,  adj.  earliest,  foremost.  A.S. 
formest. 

Fornace,  Pr.  of  furnace. 

Forrad  (Pr.  of  forward),  adv.  and  adj. 
(1)  onward.  (2)  More  than  half  tipsy. 


FO 


FY 


Forseet,  Pr.  of  foresight. 
Forsett-an-backsett :  hemmed  in  on 

every  side.  , 

Fortree,  n.   the    lighter   upright   bar 

of  a  gate,  to  which  the  staple  for 

fastening    is    attached.      See    Har- 

tree. 
Foss,  n.   a  waterfall.    As  Foss  Forge 

in  the  parish  of  Cotton,  High  Fur- 

ness.     O.N.  foss,   a    cascade.     See 

Force. 

Fetch,  J-*- to  fetch. 

Fotheram,  n.  an  open  passage  along 

the  heads  of  the  stalls  in  a  cow- 
house, from  whence   the  cattle  are 

supplied  with  fodder.    See  Foddher- 

gang. 
Foul,  n.  an  ulcerous  sore  in  a  cow's  foot. 
Fout,  n.  a  pet,  a  spoiled  child. 
Fower,  Pr.  of  four.     Cf.  A.S.fower. 
Fower-faad,  Pr.  of  fold-fold. 
Fowert,  Pr.  of  fourth. 
Fra,  prep.  from.     A.S.  fra,  from,  O.N. 

fra,  S.G./ra,  Dan.  fra. 
Fram,  adj.  brittle,  tender. 
Franteckles,  n.  freckles.     See  Farn- 

tickles. 
Frap,  n.  noise,  the  noise  of  a  cracker. 
Frap,  v.t.  (1)  to  strike.     (2)  To  brag, 

to  boast. 
Fratch,  (1)  v.i.  to  scold,  to  quarrel.  (2) 

v.t.  To  shuffle  or  cheat  in  joke. 
Fratched,    adj.  restive,  or   that    has 

vicious  tricks  in  harness  ;  applied  to 

a  horse. 
Fray,  v.t.  to  frighten,  to  terrify. 
Freat,  v.i.  to  mourn,  to  grieve  ;  as,  "  She 

freats  terbly   after  t'  barns  "  =  She 

frets  sadly  after  the  children. 
Free-martin,   n.   If  a  cow   has  twin 

calves  of  different  sexes,  the  female 

calf  is  termed  a  free-martin,  and  is 

said  never  to  breed. 
Freet,  )  n.  a  spectre,  an  apparition, 

Free  tin  (g),  )      a  frightful  object. 
Fresh,  n.  the  swelling  of  a  river  through 

heavy  rain  ;  in  distinction  from  the 

tidal  flood, 
Fresh,  adj.  (1)  brisk,  vigorous,  quick. 
(2)  Rather  fat,  in  good   condition  ; 

applied  to  cattle. 
Freyam   (Pr.   of   frame),   v.a.    to  set 
about  a  thing,  to  attempt ;  as,  "  He 

freyams  weel"  =  He  makes  a   good 
attempt. 
Freyaz,  Pr.  of  fraze,  pret.  of  to  freeze. 
A.S.  freas. 

D 


Fridge,  v.t.  to  rub,  to  fray,  to  wear 
away  by  friction. 

Frig,  v.t.  to  wriggle. 

Frith,  n.  unused  pasture  land. 

Froff,    )    adj.     loose,     spongy,    easily 

Fruff,   )        broken. 

Frosg,  )  n.  a  frog.     A.S.  frox,   O.N. 

Frosk,  ]     frosha,  rana. 

Frouzy,  adj.  froward,  peevish,  crusty. 

Frow,  n.  a  dirty  woman,  a  slattern. 
Du.  vrouwe,  a  woman,  wife. 

Frozzen,  p.p.  of  to  freeze. 

Frum,  adj.  short,  applied  to  pastry  ; 
brittle. 

Frump,  v.t.  to  be  rude  to,  to  rebuke. 

Fry,  To  shoot  one's,  to  make  a  last 
effort  without  success.  Derived  from 
the  analogy  of  a  female  herring, 
who,  having  shot  her  fry,  has  done 
all  she  can  do  in  the  course  of 
nature. 

Fud,  n.  the  hair  of  a  hare  or  rabbit.  A 
gamekeeper  will  say,  "I've  gitten 
n&yderfud  ner  feddher  to-day  ; "  i.e. 
no    game    at    all,   either  furred  or 

Fuff,  n.  (1)  'a  puff  of  wind.  (2)  A  testy 
fit  of  anger,  a  pet. 

Fuffed  up,  adj.  swollen. 

Fuffy,  adj.  light,  soft,  or  spongy. 

Full,  adv.  quite,  entirely ;  as,  "  Full 
ripe,"  of  corn,  apples,  etc.  Com- 
pounds of  this  word,  as  full-hang, 
full-hutt,^  full-s^lit,  full-drive,  etc., 
denote  violence  and  impetuosity. 

Full-out,  adv.  utterly,  to  the  utter- 
most;  as,  "  Full-out  as  mich"  =  To 
the  full  as  much. 

Fullock,  v.t.  to  jerk  the  hand  and  arm 
unlawfully  at  marbles,  instead  of 
shooting  from  the  thumb-joint,  with 
the  hand  perfectly  steady. 

Full-mickle,  adj.  too  much  by  far. 
O.N.  fullmiUll,  permagnus, 

Fummel,  Pr.  of  fumble. 

Fummler,  Pr.  of  fumbler. 

Fund,  p.p.  of  To  find.  A.S.  funden, 
p.p.  offndan,  to  find,  0.~Fris.  funden, 
O.N.  fundinn,  D&n.fundet. 

Fussock,  n.  a  large  gross  woman. 

Fust,  v.i.  to  mould  as  corn  does. 

Fuzz-boe,  Pr.  of  fuzz-ball. 

Fuzzy,  adj.  light  and  spongy, 

Fylde,  n.  low  marshy  land,  as  Poulton- 
m-the-Fylde.  The  same  character  of 
country  about  Heysham  is  sometimes 
called  the  Little  Fylde. 


33 


GA 


GA 


Ga, 

Gaa, 


G. 


v.i.  to  go.     O.N.  and  S.G,  ga. 


Gaaby,  )  n.  a  fool,  a  dolt.     Cf.  Dan. 

Gauby,  J      gaabe,  to  gape,  to  yawn. 

Gaan,  p.p.  of  To  Ga  or  Gaa. 

Gaein,  pcpl.  going. 

Gaains-on,  n.  proceedings.  "I'll  hae 
nowt  ta  du  wi  sic  like  gaains-on" =1 
will  be  no  party  to  such  proceedings. 

Gab,  n.  chat,  great  flow  of  words. 

Gab,        )  v.i.  to  talk  idly,  to  jest,  to 

Gabber,  ]  prate.  Gael,  gabair,  a 
chatting,  talking  fellow. 

Gaddher,  Pr.  of  gather. 

Gaddin',  n.  the  act  of  gossiping,  going 
about  idly  from  house  to  house. 

Gaed,  pret.  of  To  Ga  or  Gaa. 

Gaff,  n.  an  iron  hook. 

Gaffer,  n.  a  head  labourer  or  workman, 
a  leading  person,  an  umpire. 

Gaggle,  v.i.  to  cackle.  Du.  gagelen,  to 
cackle  like  a  goose. 

Gailfat,  n.  the  vat  in  which  malt  liquor 
is  set  to  ferment.     See  Gyle-vat. 

Gaily,  adj.  pretty  well  in  health,  or  in 
point  of  success. 

Gain,  adj.  (1)  direct,  near>  convenient. 
O.N.  gegn,  over  against,  Sw.  D.  gajn, 
direct.  Comp.  Dan.  gienvei,  a  short 
cut,  with  "It's  t'  gainer  way  oor  t' 
fields."^    (2)  Tractable. 

Gain,  adj.  advantageous,  desirable,  pre- 
ferable. 

Gait,  v.t.  to  set  up  sheaves  of  corn  in 
wet  weather  to  dry. 

Gait,  n.  pasturage  for  cattle  during 
summer  in  a  common  field :  one  gait 
being  equal  to  maintain  a  cow,  a 
horse  is  counted  as  two  gaits,  and  a 
calf  half  a  gait. 

Gaitin(g)s,  n.  single  sheaves  of  corn 
set  up  on  end  to  dry. 

Gale,  n.  wild  myrtle  (Myrica  gale). 

Galing,  adj.  setting  the  teeth  on  edge 
with  cold  ;  applied  to  victuals. 

Galiot,  n.  the  oak-apple. 

Gallas,  Pr.  of  gallows. 

Gallas-dog,  n.  a  worthless  fellow  :  a 
prophetical  allusion  to  his  probable 
end. 

Gallases,  n.  braces. 

Galloway,  n.  a  pony  :  possibly  so 
called  from  the  small  breed  of  horses 
which  come  from  that  country. 

Gallows,  adv.  very,  excessively. 
34 


Gam,  adj.  crooked  ;  as,  "A  gam  leg." 
W.  cam,  crooked. 

Gamashes,  n*  a  sort  of  spatterdashes 
or  short  gaiters. 

Gambrel.     See  Camerel. 

Gang,  v.i.  to  go.  A.S.  gangan,  O.N. 
gdnga,  M.G.  gaggan. 

Gang-boose,  n.  the  narrow  passage 
from  the  cow-house  to  the  barn. 

Ganger,  n.  a  good  goer ;  of  a  horse. 
Dan.  ganger,  a  steed. 

Gangenl,  )  n.  a  vagrant,  a  vagabond, 

Gangrill,  )  a  pedlar.  A.S.  g anger e, 
one  going  on  foot. 

Ganging,  pcpl.  going. 

Ganny,  n.  a  child's  name  for  grand- 
mother. 

Gant,  Pr.  of  gaunt. 

Gantree,  )  n.  a  kind  of  wooden  frame 

Gantry,  )  or  stand  on  which  beer 
barrels  are  placed. 

Gap,  v.t.  to  notch,  to  jag. 

Gape-seed,  To  sow,  to  go  sight-seeing, 
which  is  often  an  occasion  to  the 
young  and  ignorant  to  gape  and  stare 
from  the  novelty  of  the  objects. 

Gar,  v.t.  to  cause,  to  compel.  O.N. 
gora,  Sw.  go'ra,  Dan.  giore,  to  do,  to 
make. 

Garish,  adj.  wild,  foolishly  gay. 

Garn,  n.  yarn.  A.S.  gearn,  O.N.  gam, 
Sw.  and  Dan.  garn. 

Garner,  n.  a  granary. 

Garrets,  To  be  wrang  i  yan's,  to  be 
wanting  in  intellect,  or  suffering  from 
temporary  delirium. 

Garth,  n.  a  small  field  or  enclosure, 
adjoining  a  house.  A.S.  geard,  Dan. 
gaard,  a  garden.  Usually  a  postfix, 
as  Coney-garth,  an  enclosure  abound- 
ing with  rabbits,  School-^ar^A,  Chapel- 
garth,  Kirk-  garth  =  Churchyard, 
N.Pris.  gaard,  O.N.  garSr,  Sw.  garde, 
a  field. 

Gat,  pret.  of  To  get  ;  a  word  in  very 
frequent  use  ;  as,  "  She  gat  her  bed 
(was  confined),  and  sune  gat  about 
again  ;  "  "  T '  ship  hed  gitten  onto  t' 
rocks,  an'  then  she  was  gitten  off,  an' 
gat  into  harbour  ; ''  "  He  gat  away 
at  last."     Cf.  O.N.  gat,  pret.  of  geta. 

Gate,  n.  (1)  a  way  or  road  gone,  thence 
a  way,  road,  street,  absolutely ;  and 
thence,  (2)  Way,  manner,  fashion; 
as,  "  Gang  thy  ain  gate."  "  Go  thy 
gate"=-  Go  thy  way. 

Ganger,  n.  an  exciseman. 

Gauk,  v.i.  to  stare  vacantly. 


GA 


GI 


Gauky,  n.  a  simpleton,  a  clown. 

Gauky,  adj.  awkward. 

Gaum,  v.t.  to  comprehend  or  under- 
stand, to  distinguish,  to  consider. 
M.G.  gaumjan,  to  perceive,  give  heed 
to,  A.S.  gyman  or  geomian. 

Gaumless,  adj.  stupid,  unobservant, 
vacant,  without  much  sense  ;  as,  "A 
gaumless  gannet"=A  great  simple- 
ton.    A.S.  gymeleas. 

Gauntry.     See  Gantree. 

Gaup,  n.  a  stupid  stare. 

Gaustering,  adj.  imperious,  dictatorial. 

Gauvey,  n.  a  dunce.  See  Gaaby  and 
Gaup. 

Gavelock,  n.  an  iron  crowbar,  chiefly 
used  for  making  holes  for  hedge- 
stakes.  "W.  gaflach,  a  javelin,  A.S. 
gaveloc,  a  javelin. 

Gay,  adj.  considerable,  moderately  nu- 
merous or  large  ;  as,  "  A  gay  bit "  = 
A  considerable  piece  or  quantity. 

Gay,  adv.  considerably  :  as,  "A  gay 
fine  day  ;"  "A  gay  guid  an." 

Geal,  v.i.  to  be  benumbed  with  cold. 

Gear,  n.  harness,  tackle  of  any  kind, 
furniture  ;  as  plough-^ear,  cart-^ear, 
etc.  A.S.  gearwa,  clothing,  prepar- 
ation. 

Gearum,  Out  of  (the  g  soft),  out  of 
order. 

Geb,  v.i.  to  stare  about  vacantly,  with 
the  chin  or  face  turned  upwards. 

Gee  (g  soft),  v.i.  to  agree,  to  suit  to- 
gether. 

Gee,  interj.  a  word  of  command  used 
by  carters  to  make  a  horse  go  to  the 
right.     N.  Fris.  jii. 

Gee -ho.  A  phrase  addressed  to  horses 
to  make  them  go. 

Geen,  ) 

Glen,'  \P-P-  «"»• 

Geld,  v.t.  a  tax  or  imposition. 

Geld,  v.t.  (1)  to  castrate.  (2)  To  de- 
prive the  female  amongst  animals  of 
the  power  of  generation.     Isl.  gelda. 

Geld,  adj.  barren  ;  as,  "A  geld  cow  or 
ewe  "=a  cow  or  ewe  not  with  young 
at  the  usual  time.  O.N.  geld,  infe- 
cundus. 

Gelt,  adj.  barren  or  impotent.  See 
Geld. 

Gem,  Pr.  of  game.  M.  gamm,  O.N. 
gaman,  pastime,  sport,  game,  Dan. 
gammen,  to  be  sportive. 

Gem.     See  Gam. 

Gemmer,  )  n.  (g  soft)  a  small  hinge  for 

Gimmer,  j     a  closet  or  desk  door. 


Gerse,  n.  grass.  A.S.,  O.Fris.,  and  Du. 
gers. 

Gerse,  v.t.  to  graze.  "To  gerse  out 
cattle  "=  To  send  them  out  to  gist. 
O.N.  gresia,  to  graze. 

Gersing,  n.  pasturage. 

Gersy,  adj.  grassy. 

Gert,  )  adj.  (1)  great.     (2)  Large  with 

Girt,  ]  child.  (3)  On  intimate  terms 
with  any  one  ;  as,  "  They're  fearful 
girt "  =  Exceedingly  intimate  with 
each  other. 

Gessling,  n.  a  gosling. 

Getten,  p.p.  got.     O.N.  gettinn. 

Geyan,  p.p.  gone. 

Geyap,  Pr.  of  gape.  O.N.  gapa,  hiante 
ore  intueri. 

Gib,  n.  (1)  a  hook.  (2)  A  hooked  stick. 
Fr.  gibbeux,  gibbous,  crooked. 

Gibbet.  "  To  gibbet  a  toad  "  =  To  place 
it  on  a  lath  or  piece  of  wooden  hoop, 
and,  by  striking  one  end,  project  it 
violently  into  the  air. 

Gibble-gabble,  n.  idle,  nonsensical  talk 

Gie,  v.t.  to  give. 

Giest,  Pr.  of  joist. 

Gifts,  n.  white  specks  on  the  finger- 
nails, said  to  portend  gifts. 

Gigly  (g  soft),  adj.  unsteady,  likely  to 
be  upset. 

Gike  (g  soft),  v.i.  to  creak. 

Gildert,  n.  a  snare  of  horse-hair.  O.N. 
and  O.Sw.  gilder,  a  snare,  a  gin, 
0.  Dan.  gilder,  id. 

Gill,  n.  a  narrow  valley,  ravine,  or  dell, 
usually  with  a  small  but  rapid  stream 
running  through  it.  Isl.  gil,  hiatus 
montium. 

Gill  (g  soft),  n.  half  a  pint. 

Gilliver  (g  soft),  n.  (1)  a  wanton  wench. 
(2)  A  gilliflower. 

Gilt,  n.  (1)  a  spayed  sow.  (2)  A  young 
female  pig.  A.S.  gilte,  a  young  sow, 
O.N.  gilta,  porca,  Dan.  gylt,  a  young 
sow. 

Gimble,  v.i.  to  walk  pigeon-toed,  or  with 
the  toes  turned  inwards. 

Gimlick,  Corr.  of  gimblet, 

Gimma,  Corr.  of  give  me. 

Gimmer,  n.  an  ewe  lamb  or  sheep. 
Dan.  gimmer-lam,  an  ewe  lamb,  S.G. 
gimmer,  Sw.  gimmer,  a  sheep  pro- 
ducing young  for  the  first  time,  Dan. 
gimmer,  an  ewe  that  has  not  lambed. 

Gin,  n.  (1)  an  engine,  contrivance.    Still 

used  for  a  trap  or  snare.      (2)   A 

wooden    perpendicular    axle,   which 

has  arms  projecting  from  its  upper 

35 


GI 


GO 


part  that  furnish  the  means  of  yok- 
ing a  horse  or  horses  for  the  purpose 
of  turning  it  round  and  winding  up 
a  rope  attached  to  something  to  be 
raised;  as  coal  from  a  pit,  water  from 
a  shaft,  etc. 

Ginnel,  n.  (1)  a  hollow  in  which  water 
runs.  C£  Arm.  gemot,  a  channel, 
Corn,  gannel.  (2)  A  narrow  entrance 
or  passage,  a  gorge.  A.S.  gin,  a 
gaping,  narrow  opening,  a  abyss. 

Ginners,  n.  the  gills  of  a  fish.  O.N. 
gin,  a  gaping,  S.G.  gina,  to  extend 
the  jaws,  AS.  ginimi,  to  open,  to 
yawn. 

Girdle,  n.  a  circular  plate  of  iron  on 
which  cakes  are  baked. 

Girn,  v.i.  to  grin,  to  snarl.  0  .N.  grenia, 
to  snarl,  S.G.  grina,  M.  gym,  to  grin. 

Girnin',  adj.  grinning.  "  I  good  girnin 
arnest  "=  In  downright  earnest. 

Gise  (g  soft),  v.t.  to  put  cattle  out  to 
grass  at  a  sum  agreed  on  per  head. 
See  next  word. 

Gist  (g  soft),  v.t.  to  agist,  to  pasture 
out  cattle  on  hire. 

Gist ;  used  adjectively  to  describe  cattle 
taken  in  to  depasture  at  a  stipulated 
price. 

Glsting,  n.  the  agistment  of  cattle. 

Git,  Pr.  of  get.  "Is  ta  gaaen  to  git 
deead  ?"=Is  thou  going  to  die  ? 

Gitpenny,  n,  an  old  term  for  a  play  that 
turned  out  profitable. 

Git,  n.  offspring,  stock.  "  It's  net  a  bad 
git  "=  Not  a  bad  breed,  stock. 

Give  again,  v.i.  to  thaw,  to  yield,  of  a 
frost ;  to  relax  through  damp  or  fer- 
mentation. 

Give  back,  v.i.  to  recede,  from  purpose 
or  place,  to  give  way. 

Give  the  sack,  to  dismiss. 

Give  out,  v.i.  to  fail ;  of  a  supply. 

Give  over,  v.i.  to  discontinue,  leave  off; 
of  persons  engaged  in  anything,  of 
rain,  a  storm,  etc. 

Given,  adj.  disposed,  inclined. 

Gizle  (g  soft),  v.i.  to  walk  mincingly. 

Gizzern,  n.  the  gizzard. 

Glad,  adj.  smooth,  easy ;  of  a  door  or 
bolt  that  goes  smoothly  or  slips  easily. 

Gladden,  v.t.  to  soften,  to  make  smooth. 

Gladly,  adv.  nicely,  readily. 

Gladsome,  adj.  pleasant. 

Glaping,  n.  a  sauntering  idly  about. 

Glassiver,  n.  a  glazier. 

Glazzen,  v.t.  to  glaze. 

Glazzener,  n.  a  glazier. 
36 


Glead,  n.  the  kite.     A.S. 
Glender,  v.i.  to  stare. 
Glent,  v.i.  (1)  to  peep,  look  aside.     (2) 
To  go  aside. 

GliM,'  |  n-  a  SlimPse' 

Gliff,  n.  a  transient  sight,  a  glimpse. 

Glish,  )  v.i.  to  glitter  or  shine.     Teut. 

Glisk,  )      gleissen,  to  glister. 

Glister,  v.i.  to  glitter  or  sparkle.     Du. 

glijsteren,  id.,  O.N.  gleestr,  splendidus, 

splendide  ornatus. 
Glister,  Corr.  of  clyster. 
Gloaming,  n.  twilight.     A.S.  glomung, 

twilight. 
Gloam,  v.i.  to  become  partially  dark. 

"  Gloaming    for    heat "  =  Becoming 

hazy,  as  before  heat. 
Gloo,  v.i.  to  squint. 
Glooar,  v.i.  to  stare,  to  gaze  with  dilated 

eyes.    Du.  gluuren,  to  leer,  ogle,  spy, 

peep,  N.Fris.  gloar,  glo,  to  stare,  to 

gaze,  Dan.  gloe. 
Glop,  v.i.  to  stare.     Isl.  glopur,  a  fool, 

S.G.  glop,    fatuus,    stultus,   O.Fris. 

glupa,   to    look,    to    peep,    to    look 

sullenly. 
Gloppen,  (1)  v.t.  to  startle.     (2)  v.i.  To 

feel  astonished,  to  be  startled. 
Gloppened,  adj.  stupified  with  amaze- 
ment, astonished,  confounded. 
Gloppers,  n.  blinkers  for  a  horse. 

SJ0!!'  .  I  See  Glooar. 


Glower, 

Gloum,  v.i.  to  darken,  to  grow  gloomy. 

Glnmp'd,  adj.  gloomy. 

Glumping,  adj.  surly,  sulky. 

Gnaa,  Pr.  of  gnaw. 

Gnag,  v.t.  to  gnaw.     AS.  gnagan,  to 

gnaw,  O.N.  gnaga. 
Gnar,  n.  a  knot  in  wood. 
Gnar,  v.i.  to  quarrel,  to  growl,  to  snarl. 
Gnarl,  (1)  v.i.   to   snarl.      (2)  v.t.    To 

gnaw,  to  work  with  the  teeth  as  a 

dog  does  at  a  bone. 
Gnatter,  (1)  v.i.  to  grumble,  find  fault 

in  a  peevish  way.     (2)  v.t.  To  gnaw. 
Gnattery,  adj.  ill-tempered. 
Goaster,  v.i.  to  laugh  loudly. 
Gob,  n.  (1)  the  mouth.  "Hod  the'  gob" 

=  Cease  your  prate.    Gael,  gob,  M. 

gob,  the  mouth.    (2)  Idle  talk,  prate. 

(3)  A  portion,  a  lump  ;  as,  "  a  gob  of 

suet,"  etc. 
Gobbet,  n.  the  mouth. 
Gobble,  v.t.  to  do  anything  fast. 
Gob -full,  n.  mouthful. 
Gobslotch,  n.  a  dirty,  voracious  eater. 


GO 


GR 


Gobstick,  n.  a  spoon. 

Goddill !  "A  Qoddill  /"=  If  God  will, 
if  it  please  God. 

God-speed,  n.  success,  prosperity ;  a 
benevolent  wish  at  the  commence- 
ment of  an  undertaking.  "I  wish 
you  God-speed." 

Goflf,  n.  a  foolish  clown,  a  silly  fellow, 
an  oaf.  N.Fr.  goffe,  clownish,  ill- 
dressed,  clumsy. 

Gofering,  n.  a  sort  of  crimping  per- 
formed on  frills,  etc. 

Goggy,  n.  an  egg.  W.  gocwy,  an  egg 
that  has  the  shell  hardened,  as  dis- 
tinguished from  a  wind-egg. 

Goldspink,  n.  a  goldfinch. 

Gollin,  n.  a  marigold. 

Golsh,  v.t.  to  gulp. 

Gomerel,  n.  a  blockhead. 

Gooast,  Pr.  of  ghost. 

Gooat,  Pr.  of  goat. 

Good  (rhymes  with  food),  )  n.  the  ox- 

Gowd,  )    eye  daisy. 

Good-feaw,  adj.  a  fair  number. 

Good-like,  adj.  handsome. 

Goodman,  n.  the  husband  or  master  of 
a  house  ;  as,  "  My  goodman  is  frae 
heyam "  =  My  husband  is  not  at 
home. 

Goods,  n.  cattle. 

Good  to  nought :  good  for  nothing. 

Good-woman,  n,  a  wife.  "  Wait  t'l  my 
good-woman  comes." 

Goold,  Pr.  of  gold. 

Gor,  adj.  rotten,  decayed. 

Gor,  n.  a  sea-gull. 

Gorgeons  (Pr.  of  gudgeons),   n.   iron 

pins  fixed  into  a  gate-post  to  hang 

the  gate  upon. 

Gorrish,  }     ■,■  i  -. 

Go         '  >  adj.  large  and  coarse. 

Gossamer,  n.  (1)  down  of  plants.  (2) 
Cobwebs.  (3)  Vapour  arising  from 
marshy  ground  in  warm  weather. 

Gossip,  n.  a  sponsor  at  baptism.     A.S. 


Goud,  Pr.  of  gold. 
SZLSpink'  \  See  Goldspink. 


Goudy, 

Goupen,  adv.'&s  much  as  can  be  held 
in  both  hands  when  open  together. 
O.N.  gaupn,  cava  manus,  S.G.  gbpen, 
hollow  of  the  hand,  Sw.  gopen. 

Gowk,  n.  a  fool,  a  simpleton.  A,S.  geac, 
a  cuckoo,  O.N.  gaukr,  S.G.  gbk, 
cuculus.  This  identity  between  a 
cuckoo  and  a  simpleton,  though  com- 
mon to  other    languages  with   the 


Lonsd.  pro  v.,  I  never  could  see  the 
reason  of.  [I  believe  there  is  no 
real  connection  between  the  name  of 
the  cuckoo  and  the  word  Gowk,  a 
fool.  The  latter  may  be  probably 
identified  with  gauk,  gauky,  which 
Mr.  Wedgwood  refers  to  O.E.  awke. 
Ed.] 

Grabble,  v.t.  to  grope.  "  To  grabble  for 
trout ;"  i.e.  to  grope  in  holes  for  them. 

Gradely,  adj.  proper,  complete,  good. 
"  He's  a  gradely  fellow  "=  A  respect- 
able and  honourable  person. 

Gradely,  adv.  properly,  skilfully,  com- 
pletely, decently,  orderly. 

Graining,  n.  the  fork  of  a  tree. 

Grains,  n.  (1)  the  branches,  as  of  a  tree. 
(2)  The  prongs  of  a  fork.  O.N.  grein, 
ramus,  S.G.  gren. 

Grange,  n.  a  large  farm-house  and  de- 
pendent buildings,  Originally  that 
belonging  to  the  lord  of  the  manor,  or 
to  a  monastery,  as  Beaumont-^ra^e, 
~Ellel-grange,  etc.  M.L.  grangia,  a 
granary,  a  grange  or  farm-house, 
N.Fr.  grange,  a  barn. 

Granny-hitch,  n.  an  awkwardly  made 
bow  or  knot,  etc. 

Greaw-dog,  n.  a  greyhound. 

Gree,  v.i.  to  agree. 

Greedy,  v.i.  to  long  for. 

Green,  adj.  unseasoned;  applied  to  wood. 

Greeney,  n.  the  green  grosbeak,  or 
green  linnet. 

Greenhand,  n.  one  who  is  awkward  at 
any  work  from  inexperience. 

Green-hew,  n.  the  right  of  cutting 
hollies  and  evergreens  in  winter  for 
sheep,  etc. 

Greet,  v.i.  to  weep,  to  lament  (pret. 
grat).  O.Fris.  greta,  to  make  a  com- 
plaint, O.N.  grata,  M.G.  gretan,  A.S. 
grcetan,  Sw.  grata,  Dan.  grcede. 

Greeyan,  Pr.  of  groan.  [sand. 

Gr6t,  n.  fine  gravel,  sand.   O.Fris.  gret, 

Greyap,  Pr.  of  grope. 

Greyav,  Pr.  of  grave,  to  dig  or  cut 
peats.  "To  greyav  torf"=To  cut 
or  dig  out  peats.  O.N.  grafa,  grafa 
torf,  efFodere  csespites,  Dan.  grave, 
Sw.  grafva,  M.G.  graban. 

Grey-George,  n.  a  large  stone  bottle. 
Fr.  bouteille  de  gris. 

Grig,  n.  (1)  a  greyhound.  (2)  A  cricket. 
"As  merry  as  a  grig." 

Grike,  n.  crevice,  chink,  or  rut. 

Grime,  v.t.  to  mark  or  daub  with  soot. 
O.N.  grlma,  to  begrime. 

37 


GR 


HA 


Grime,  n.  soot  or  smut. 

Grimm',  n.  a  sprinkling ;  as,  "A  grimirf 
o'  sna"=A  slight  fall  of  snow. 

Grimy,  adj.  sooty. 

Grip,  n.  (1)  a  small  open  ditch.  (2)  The 
space  between  the  stalls  in  a  double- 
stalled  cow-house. 

Grip,    )  v.t.  to  make  shallow  ditches  or 

Gripe,  ]     grips. 

Gripe,  n.  a  three-pronged  dung-fork. 

Gripe,  v.t.  to  seize,  to  embrace.  O.N. 
O.Fris.  and  Sw.  gripa,  A.S.  gripan, 
Dan.  gribe, 

Gripes,  n.  a  pair  of  wooden  pincers 
with  long  handles  for  weeding  corn. 

Grisled,  adj.  grisly,  frightful. 

Groan,  n.  the  noise  made  by  a  buck  at 
rutting  time. 

Groats  ;  always  used  along  with  the 
blood  in  the  composition  of  black 
puddings ;  hence  the  proverb  current 
in  Lonsdale,  "  Blood  without  groats 
is  nowt,"  meaning  that  family  with- 
out fortune  is  of  no  consequence. 

Grobble,  v.t.  to  make  holes.  See  Grab- 
ble, which  is  merely  a  form  of  this. 

Grogram,  n.  a  coarse  kind  of  silk  taffety. 

Groon,  n.  the  snout  of  a  pig. 

Groop,  n.  the  channel  of  a  shippon. 

Grooves,  n.  the  turnings  within  the 
hole  of  a  screw  plate,  and  the  little 
hollows  in  a  screw-pin,  are  called  the 
grooves. 

Groping,  n.  (1)  a  mode  of  ascertaining 
whether  geese  or  fowls  have  eggs. 
(2)  A  mode  of  catching  trout  by 
tickling  them  with  the  hands  under 
rocks  or  banks. 

Grosh,  adj.  fat,  luxuriant. 

Growing -day,  A,  a  warm  moist  day 
suited  to  make  plants  grow  well,  to 
promote  vegetation. 

Grabbin-mattock,  n.  an  instrument  or 
tool  to  grub  roots  or  trees  with. 

Grubby,  adj.  (1)  poor.  (2)  Testy,  peevish. 

Gruff,  adj.  surly,  rude,  imperious. 

Grum,  adj.  angry,  surly. 

Grump,  v.i.  to  growl,  to  grumble. 

Grand,  Pr.  of  ground. 

Grand,  v.t.  to  grind. 

Grandwark,  n.  foundation. 

Grannelstone,  )  .    •,  , 

Granstan,         \n'  a  B™***» 

Grunsel,  Pr.  of  groundsel.  A.S.  grund- 
swelige,  Gael,  grunnasg,  M.  grundsyl. 

Gud,  Pr.  of  good. 

Guest,  n.  a  creature  or  person.     "An 
ill  guest "  =  a  bad-looking  fellow. 
38 


Guil-fat.    See  Gail-fat. 
Guider,  n.  a  tendon. 
Gullet,  n.  a  small  stream. 
Guide-stoop,  n.  a  guide  post. 
Gulley,  n.  a  large  knife  used  in  farm- 
houses, principally  to  cut  bread,  cheese, 

etc.  for  the  household. 
Gummy,  adj.  thick,  swollen. 
Gumption,   n.   talent,   understanding, 

comprehension  combined  with  energy. 

Goth,  gaumjan. 
Gumptious,  adj.   quarrelsome,   rough, 

heedless,  careless. 
Gup !  go  up  !  An  exclamation  addressed 

to  a  horse. 
Gush,  n.  a  gust  of  wind. 
Gutling,  n.  a  glutton. 
Gutter,  n.  a  small  stream  of  water  deep 

and  narrow. 
Guy,  v.t.  to  guide  or  direct. 
Guy-reyap,  n.  a  guy-rope,  or  rope  used 

to  guide  or  direct  the  fall  of  a  tree, 

or  stones  as  they  are  hoisted  into 

their  places  in  buildings. 
Gyge  )  (g  soft),   v.i.  to  creak  like  a 
Gyke  ]     wheel  that  wants  grease. 
Gyle -fat,  n.  a  brewing  vat  or  wash-nop, 

a  water-nop ;  also  a  tub  for  rain.  See 

Gailfat,  which  is  merely  a  phonetic 

variation  of  this  word. 


Ha,  Contr.  of  ha'e  for  have. 

Ha  !    )  interj.  a  word  of  command  used 

Hah !  ]    by  carters  to  make  their  horses 

go  to  the  left. 
Haac,  Pr.  of  hawk. 

Haafd,  }  Pr-  of  holcL 

Haalds,  Pr.  of  holds.  "Fish  haalds" = 
Places  of  security  where  fish  lodge 
under  banks,  etc. 

Haams,  n.     See  Heyams. 

Haap'ny,  Pr.  of  halfpenny. 

Haathorn,  Pr.  of  hawthorn. 

Hack,  n.  a  stone-pick,  or  mattock,  used 
by  excavators ;  and  also  in  trenching 
land,  for  loosening  the  earth  previous 
to  digging  it  out.  Sw.  hacka,  a  hoe, 
Dan.  hakke,  a  mattock.  . 

Hack  at,  v.t.  to  talk  at  a  person  per- 
tinaciously. 

Hackberry.     See  Hagberry. 

Hackle,  v.i.  to  dress,  array,  to  trim  up ; 
as,  "  Cum,  lass,  git  thlsel'  hackled." 


HA 


HA 


Hack-pudding,  n.  (1)  a  kind  of  large 
dumpling  eaten  at  sheepshearings. 
(2)  A  mess  made  of  sheep's  heart, 
chopped  with  suet  and  sweet  fruits. 

Haffle,  v.i.  to  stammer,  to  prevaricate, 
to  falter. 

Hag,  v.t.  to  hew,  chop,  or  hack. 

Hag,  n.  an  enclosure,  a  wood.  A.S. 
haga,  an  enclosure,  O.N.  hagi,  1. 
sepes,  2.  pascuum,  S.G.  Aa^,  sepi- 
mentum,  etc.,  Sw.  hage,  pasture 
ground  enclosed. 

Hag,  n,  a  lot  or  set  portion  of  work,  as 
distinguished  from  day  work  ;  as, 
"  I  wark  be  t'  hag,  an  net  be  t'  day  " 
=  1  work  by  the  hag,  i.e.  by  the  job, 
and  not  by  the  day. 

Hag,  n.  a  certain  division  of  wood  in- 
tended to  be  cut.  In  England,  when 
a  set  of  workmen  undertake  to  fell  a 
wood,  they  divide  it  into  equal  por- 
tions by  cutting  off  a  rod,  called  a 
hag-stdk,  three  or  four  feet  from  the 
ground,  to  mark  the  divisions,  each 
of  which  is  called  a  hag. 

Hagberry,  the  bird-cherry  (Prunus 
padus).     Sw.  hdggebar. 

Haggle,  (1)  v.i.  to  drive  a  hard  bargain. 
(2)  v.t.  To  cut  irregularly.  (3)  To 
tease. 

Hag-stock,  n.  a  block  to  chop  wood 
upon.     "  As  foul  as  t'  hagstock" 

Hagues,  n.  haws. 

Hail-shot,  n.  common  shot. 

Haips,  n.  a  sloven. 

Hake,  v.i.  to  go  about  amongst  other 
idlers. 

Halo'  (  a(%'  *™^^»  bashful,  shy. 
Halch,  v.t.  to  noose,  to  tie  :  the  former 

more  especially. 
Half-baked,  adj.  raw,  half-silly. 
Halfpenny,  To  keep  one's  hand  on 

one's = To  be  near  or  stingy. 
Haliday,  Pr.  of  holiday.   "Blind  man's 

holiday  "=  Twilight. 
Halla-een,  n.  All-hallows-eve,  the  vigil 

of  All  Saints'  day. 
Hallen,  n.  the  partition  between  the 

door  and  the  fire-place. 
Hallen-pin,  n.  a  pin  fixed  in  the  hallen 

for  hanging  hats,  etc.  on. 
Hallen-post,  n.  the  post  at  the  ex- 
tremity of  the  sconce. 
Ham,  n.  the  thigh. 

Hammer-bleat,  n.  the  note  of  a  snipe. 
Hammer,  (1)  v.i.  to  stammer.  (2)  v.t.  To 

beat  severely. 


deeoth." 

Hammle,  v.i.  to  halt,  to  walk  lame  or 
clumsily. 

Ham-sam,  adv.  disorderly,  confusedly, 
promiscuously. 

Hamshackle,  v.t.  to  fasten  the  head  of 
a  vicious  animal  to  one  of  its  fore-legs. 

Hand,  To  swap  even,  to  exchange 
without  advantage. 

Hand  afore,  He's  any  =  Ready  and 
prepared  for  any  undertaking. 

Handbrede,  n.  a  hand's  breadth.  AS. 
handbrosd,  0.  Fris.  handbrede,  Sw. 
handbredd,  hand  breath. 

Hand- clout,  n.  a  towel. 

Handersome,  adj.  meddling. 

Hand-running,  adv.  without  interrup- 
tion. 

Handsel,  v.i.  to  have  the  first  use  of 
anything.  A.S.  handsylen,  a  giving 
into  the  hands,  O.N.  handselia. 

Handsel,  n.  the  first  money  received 
for  the  sale  of  goods.  A.S.  hand- 
selen,  a  putting  others  into  possession, 
O.N.  handsal,  S.G.  handsel,  merci- 
monii  divenditi  primitiee,  Sw.  hand- 
sol,  Dan.  handsel. 

Hand-staff,  n.  the  handle  of  a  flail. 

Hands-turn,  n.  a  single  act  of  work  or 
occupation.  "  She  niver  duz  a  hands- 
turn  "=  She  never  turns  her  hand  to 
any  labour. 

Handy,  adj.  ready,  expert,  clever.  S.G. 
handig,  nimble,  quick,  active. 

Handy-cuffs,  n.  blows. 

Hang-gallows,  n.  a  villain,  a  fellow 
who  deserves  the  gallows. 

Hang  in  the  bell  ropes,  To,  to  be  asked 
in  church  by  banns  and  then  defer 
the  marriage. 

Hangment,  n.  the  devil ;  as,  "  To  play 
the  hangment "  =  To  be  much  en- 
raged ;  "What  the  hangment  f"  An 
expression  of  surprise. 

Hank,  n.  a  rope  or  loop  for  fastening  a 
gate.  "  To  keep  a  good  hank  upon 
your  horse  "  =  To  have  a  good  hold 
of  the  reins.  "  To  have  a  hank  on 
another  =  To  have  him  entangled. 

Hank,  v.t.  (1)  to  fasten.  (2)  To  form 
into  hanks  or  skeins. 

Hank,  n.  a  skein  of  thread  or  worsted. 
O.N.  hdnki,  haunk,  Sw.  hank,  string. 

Hankie,  v.t.  to  entangle  silk,  thread,  or 
worsted. 

Hankisher,  Corr.  of  handkerchief. 

Hap  (seldom  used),  n.  chance,  fortune. 
39 


HA 


HE 


Hap,  v.t.  to  wrap  or  cover  up  warmly. 
Happen,  adv.  perhaps,  possibly.  Ellip- 
tical for  "  It  may  happen." 
Happen-on,  v.i.  to  meet  with,  to  be 

lucky.     "  If   I   sud  happen-on  "  =  If 

I  should  be  lucky,  or  meet  with  him. 
Happin',  )  n.  any  kind  of  covering  or 
Haps,  ]  wrapping  for  bed  or  body. 
Hard,  adj.  (1)  sour-;  said  of  ale.    S.G. 

hard,  de  potulentis  . . .  quod  ascescere 

incipit,    hard    dricka.      (2)     Hardy, 

strong,  tough,  not  easily  put  out  of 

the  way. 
Hard  of  hearing,  more  or  less  deaf. 
Hard  laid  on,  burdened,  oppressed ;  as 
'  by  heavy  charges  or  assessment,  by 

sickness,  or  the  like. 
Hard-by,  adv.  very  near. 
Harden,  v.t.  to  air  clothes. 
Hard-grain,  n.  a  present  of  wheat  or 

money  made  to  children  at  Christmas. 
Hardheads,  n.  (1)  the  plant  knapweed. 

(2)  The  seed -heads  of  the  rib-grass 

or  plantain. 
Hardiment,  n.  courage. 
Hardwood  trees,  n.  trees  that  change 

their  leaves  annually. 
Hard  set,  adj.  scarcely  able  ;  as,  hard 

set  to  make  a  living. 
Hark-ye-but !  do  but  hearken  ! 
Harnish,  Pr.  of  harness. 
Harnes,  n.  the  brains. 
Harn-pan,  n,  the  skull. 
Harra,  Pr.  of  harrow. 
Harra-bulls,  n.  the  wooden  frame  of  a 

harrow. 
Harrest,  Corr.  of  harvest. 
Harrish  (Pr.  of  harass),  v.t.  to  overwork 

bodily  or  mentally. 
Harry -behint,  an  appellation  for  any- 
one who  is  behind  time. 
Harry-lang-legs,  n.  a  long-legged  fly  of 

the  genus  Tipula  or  Cranefly. 
Harsk,  adj.  dry,  astringent.  S.G.  hwrsfc, 

hard,  sour,  severe. 
Harstan,  n.  Corr.  of  hearthstone. 
Hartree,  n.  the  thick  upright  post  of  a 

gate,  into  which  the  bars  are  put. 
Hask,  adj.  parched,  harsh,  dry  ;  also 

with   a   special    application  to    the 

weather.     See  Harsk. 
Haspert,  n.  a  rough  fellow. 
Haspin,  n.  an  idle  fellow,  a  hunks. 
Haster,  n.  a  tin  meat-screen. 
Hasty  -  poddish,   n.    porridge    hastily 

made  of  oat-meal  and  water. 
Hath  ye  !  Hark  you  !  Do  you  listen  ! 
Hattock,  n.  a  shock  of  corn  consisting 
40 


of  ten  sheaves,  eight  placed  by  twos 
against  each  other,  and  two,  called 
hood-sheaves,  covering  over  the  tops, 
or  grain-ends  of  the  rest. 

Hauf-thick,  adj.  half-fat.  "  She's  nob- 
but  hauf '-thick  "=Not  fat  enough  for 
the  butcher  ;  only  half  fed. 

Haugh,  n.  a  green  plot  in  a  valley.  A 
frequent  name  for  fields ;  as,  "  Lang- 
rig  haugh." 

Haups,  n.  a  gawky. 

Hause,  n.  (1)  a  narrow  passage  like  a 
throat.  (2)  A  narrow  connecting  ridge 
like  a  neck  (generally  applied  to 
places  of  this  description  amongst 
mountains,  as  Swirrel  hause).  O.N. 
and  A.S.  hals,  a  neck,  a  rather  long 
hill,  S.G.  hals,  a  hill,  Sw.  hals,  a  neck, 
M.G.  hals. 

Hawer-girse,  n.  wild  oats. 

Havver,  n.  oats.  O.N.  hafr,  avena, 
S.G.  hafra,  Sw.  hafre,  oats,  N.Fr. 
haveron,  wild  oats. 

Hawer-bread,  n.  oat-bread. 

Hawer-keyak,  n.  oat-cake. 

Havver-meal,  n.  oat-meal.  Sw.  haf- 
remjol. 

Havver-riddle,  n.  a  sieve  for  oats. 

Hawer-seck,  n.  an  oat-meal  bag. 

Hawbuck,  n.  a  silly  clown. 

Hawk,  v.i.  to  cough,  to  bring  up  phlegm, 
to  expectorate.  W.  hochi,  to  throw 
up  phlegm,  hoch,  a  hawking. 

Hay- chick,  )  n.  a  name  for  the  White- 

Hay-chat,    )     throat. 

Hay-girs,  n.  grass  intended  for  hay. 

Hay-knife,  n.  a  knife  used  for  cutting 
hay  out  of  the  stack. 

Hay-mow,  n.  a  quantity  of  hay  stored 
away  in  a  barn. 

Hazy,  adj.  drizzling. 

Hegh,  Pr.  of  high. 

He,  you ;  as,  "  Will  he  come  an  see 
us?"  =  Will  you  come  and  see  us? 
Used  to  adults  as  well  as  to  children. 
[Comp.  the  Germ,  idiomatic  use  of 
Sie ;  as,  "Haben  sie  is  ?  "  =  Have  you 
it  ?     Literally,  Have  they  it  ?    Ed.] 

Head,  Pr.  of  head.  "Head  and  plucks" 
=  The  refuse  of  timber  trees.  "  He 
took  it  up  of  his  own  head"=Ke 
taught  himself.  "  To  set  their  heads 
together  " = To  consult. 

Headriggs,  n.  the  riggs  or  butts  in  a 
ploughed  field  which  lie  close  to  the 
hedges  and  run  parallel  to  them,  but 
at  right  angles  to  all  the  rest  of  the 
riggs  (if  the  field  be  square). 


HE 


HE 


Head-wark,  n.  the  headache. 

Heady,  adj.  self-willed. 

Heaf,  n.  the  particular  place  where  a 

flock  of  sheep  feeds  on  a  common  or 

mountain. 
Heafin',  n.  a  tending  or  watching,  as 

of  sheep  or  cattle  on  a  mountain. 
Heal,  Pr.  of  whole. 

Heald,  v.t.  (1)  to  rely  on.     (2)  To  in- 
cline a  vessel  in  order  to  empty  it. 

A.S.  healdan,  to  incline,  lean,  O.N. 

halla,  S.G.  hcella,  inclinare. 
Healo.     See  Hala. 
Healsome,  Pr.  of  wholesome. 
Heams.     See  Heyams. 
Heap  (Pr.  of  hoop),  n.  a  measure,  four 

hoops  being  one  peck. 
Heart,  n.  the  stomach. 
Heart,  To  have  broken  the,  (of  any 

piece  of  work)  =  To  have  done  the 

greater  part  of  it. 
Heart  in  a  nut-shell,  To  have  one's, 

to  act  like  a  coward. 
Hearten,  v.t.  to  encourage,  to  inspirit. 
Hear-ye-but  :    an  expletive,  denoting 

surprise  and  astonishment. 
Heas,  v.i.  to  chill. 
Heat,  Pr.  of  hot  and  heat. 
Heave,  v.t.  to  pour  corn  from  a  scuttle 

before  the  wind. 
Heavisome,  adj.  somewhat  heavy. 
Heaw,  Pr.  of  hew.  [bridge. 

Hebble-tree,  n.  the  hand-rail  on  a  foot- 
Heck,  )  n.  the  moveable  hinder 
Heck-boord,  )      part  of  a  cart. 
Heck  !  interj.  used  to  draught  horses  to 

direct  them  to  come  near. 
Heck,  n.  (1)  a  half  door,  an  inner  door 

into  a  house.     (2)  A  rack  for  hay  or 

other  fodder. 
Heckberry.     See  Hagberry. 
Heckle,  v.t.  to  dress  tow  or  flax.     Du. 

helcelen. 
Heckle,  n.   an  instrument  with  iron 

teeth  for  dressing  tow  or  flax.     Du. 

hekel,  N.Fris.  hdgel,  M.  heckyl,  S.G. 

hcekla,  instrumentum  dentatum,  quo 

linum  carminatur. 
Heckler,  n.  a  tow  or  flax  dresser.    Du. 

kekelaer. 
Hed,  pret.  of  To  have. 
Hedd,  pret.  of  To  heed. 
Hedden,  p.p.  of  To  have. 
Heddiwissen  :  had  I  known. 
Hedge-bote,  n.  timber,  fire-wood. 
Heeard,  pret.  and  p.p.  of  To  hear. 
Heel,  n.  the  rind  of  cheese,  the  last  bit 

of  a  crust  of  bread. 


Heeler,  n.  a  poser,  a  silencer. 

Heerin',  Pr.  of  herring. 

Heerse,  Pr.  of  hearse. 

Heft,  n.  a  haft,  handle.   A.S.  hceft,  Du. 

heft. 
Heft,  Louze  i'  t',  =  Careless,  of  loose 

character  and  conduct. 
Heft,  Tight  i'  t',  =  Near,  close-fisted, 

stingy,  cautious. 
Heigh,  v.n.  to  make  haste  ;   as,  "  Was 

he  heighing  hissel  ?  " 
Heigh-ho,  v.i.  to  yawn. 
Heighmost,  adj.  highest. 
Heighst,  Pr.  of  highest. 
Heighth,  Corr.  of  height. 
Heir,  v.t.  to  inherit  from  anyone. 
Heiring-syke,  n.  a  brook  near  Burton 

which  divides  Lancashire  from  West- 
moreland. 
Helk,  n.  a  large,  heavy  person. 
Helks,  n.  large  clouds,  or  large  crags. 
Hellered,  adj.  swollen,  inflamed. 
Hell  on,  v.t.  to  pour  water  on  flour  to 

make  bread.     Isl.  hella,  to  pour  out. 
Helter  (Pr.  of  halter),  n.  a  horse-collar 

made  of  hemp. 
Helve,  n.  the  haft  of  a  spade.     A.S. 

helf,  a  handle. 
Hennel-coal,  a  name  for  Cannel-coal. 
Hennot,  Corr.  of  have  not. 
Henpenny,  n.  the  herb  Melampyrum 

cristatum. 
Hens,  n.  cocks  and  hens,  poultry  in 

general.     O.N.  hcens,  galli  et  gallinse, 

Sw.  hdns,  poultry,  Dan.  hons,  id. 
Hen-scratchins,  n.  small  cirrous  white 

clouds,  said  to  indicate  rain  or  wind. 
Hen-silver,    )  n.  money  given  at  a  mar- 
Hen-money,  \     riage  at  the  church- 
door  by  the  bridegroom,  or  sent  to 

poor  neighbours. 
Henting,  n.   the  portions  of   subsoil 

raised  with  the  plough  to  cover  seed 

sown.     See  next  word. 
Henty,  n.  the  opening  between  two 

riggs  of  ploughed  land  ploughed  up 

to  cover  the  seed. 
Herd,  n.  one  whose  business  it  is  to 

take  care  of  cattle:  otherwise  Hind. 
Hereaways,  adv.  hereabout, 
Herefter,  Pr.  of  hereafter.     Cf.  O.Fris. 

hirefter,  Sw.  harefter. 
Heron-sew,  n.  a  name  of  the  heron. 
Hesp,  v.t.  to  pick  off  the  ends  of  goose- 
berries. 
Hesp,  v.t.  to  hasp  or  fasten  the  latch 

of  a  door.   A.S.  hcepsian,  O.N.  " 

a  latchet. 

41 


HE 


HO 


Hesp,  n.  a  hasp  or  fastening  for  a  gate, 
etc. 

Hespert,  n.  a  rough  fellow. 

Hesta  ?    Hast  thou  ? 

Hett,  p.p.  of  To  heat. 

Heugh,  n.  a  rocky  hill.  Sounded  strongly 
guttural.     See  Cleugh. 

Heuk  (Pr.  of  hook),  n.  a  crook,  a  bill- 
hook. 

Hewt,  v.t.  to  hit  the  heels  and  ancles 
together  in  walking. 

Heyam,  Pr.  of  home.  "  He's  net  o'  at 
hey  am  "  =  He  is  wanting  in  intellect. 

Heyams,  Pr.  of  hames  ;  two  pieces  of 
wood  attached  to  a  horse's  collar,  and 
having  the  trace-chains  made  fast  to 
them.     Du.  hamme,  a  collar  or  yoke. 

Heyamstead,  n.  a  homestead.  A.S. 
hamstede. 

Heyar,  Pr.  of  hare  or  hair. 

Hezzle,  v.t.  to  beat,  to  thrash  soundly 
with  a  hazel-stick. 

Hezzle,  Pr.  of  hazel. 

Hezzling,    )  n.  a  severe  beating.  "  I'll 

Hezzle-oil,  \   give  him  some  hezzle-oil." 

Hide,  v.t.  to  beat  or  flog.  O.N.  hi/ da, 
to  flog. 

Hide-bund,  adj.  (1)  of  a  cow  or  ox  in 
bad  condition.  (2)  Stingy ;  of  a 
person. 

Hidlands,  adv.  secretly.  [in  a  pet. 

Hig,  To  take  the,  to  take  offence,  to  be 

Hig,  n.  the  main  difficulty.  Fr.  hie. 
"C'est  Id  le  hie"  =  That's  the  rub. 

Higgle,  v.t.  to  work  at  anything  slowly 
and  pertinaciously.  O.N.  hygla,  to 
handle  or  deal  with  gently  or  mildly. 

Highty,  n.  a  child's  name  for  a  horse. 

Hill,  v.t.  to  cover,  to  earth  up.  "  To 
hill  up  peys." 

Hilling,  n.  a  covering. 

Hind,  n.  (1)  a  farm  bailiff.  A.S.  hina,  a 
domestic,  a  servant.  (2)  One  en- 
trusted with  the  charge  of  cattle. 

Hindberry,  n.  the  wild  raspberry. 

Hinder-end,  n.  the  last  part  of  the 
person,  or  of  a  thing. 

Hinder- ends,  n.  refuse  corn,  such  as 
remains  after  it  has  been  winnowed. 

Hindersome,  adj.  retarding,  hindering. 

Hing,  v.t.  to  hang.  "  To  king  the  lip" 
=  To  pout,  to  look  sullen. 

Hinger-on,  n.  a  parasite. 

Hingin,  n.  a  hinge.  "To  be  off  the 
hingins"  =  To  be  out  of  health. 

Hinmost,  Pr.  of  hindmost. 

Hipe,  )  v.t.  to  push  with  the  head  as 

Hike,  )      horned  cattle  do. 
42 


Hippins,  n.  infants'  napkins. 
Hippin-stans,  n.  large  stepping-stones 

in  a  brook  for  foot-passengers. 
Hir,  pers.  pron.  of  them.  Gen.  pi.  of  he. 
Hir  at  him,   )  an  expression    used  in 
Hur  at  him,  )      urging  dogs  to  attack 

each  other,  or  any  other  creature. 
Hirdum-durdum,  n.  an  uproar. 
Hire,  n.  a  condiment  or  relish.  "White 

fish  is  poor  stuff  without  hire." 
Hirin(g),  n.  a  statute  fair,  a  fair  for 

hiring  servants. 
Hirple,  v.i.  to  limp,  to  walk  lame. 
Hirst,  n.  a  bank  or  sudden  rising  of 

the  ground,  a  ridge,  an  elevation. 
Hisk,  v.i.  to  gasp  or  draw  breath  with 

difficulty.     Pin.   yska,  tussis,  yskin, 

yskitdn,  tussim  moveo. 
Hissel,  pron.  himself.  "He's  net  hisseV 

=  He  is  out  of  his  mind. 
Hit,  v.n.  to  succeed,  turn  out  well ;  as, 

"  The  crop's  gaan  ta  hit  "=The  crop 

is  going  to  be  a  good  one. 
Hit  it,  To,  to  agree. 
Hit  it  with,  To,  to  fall  in  with  another's 

disposition  or  temperament. 
Hitch,  v.i.  to  become  entangled. 
Hitch,  n.  (1)  a  kind  of  knot.  (2)  A  halt 

in  the  gait. 
Hitch,  v.i.  to  fidget. 
Hitten,  p.p.  of  To  hit. 
Hitty-missy,  adv.  at  random. 
Ho,  Pr.  of  hall. 
Hoaf,  Pr.  of  half. 
Hoafen,   n.    a    half-witted   person,    a 

fool. 
Hoaf  nowt  (Pr.  of   half-nought,   and 

used  as  a  n.),  almost  nothing. 
Hoast,  n.  a  cough. 

Hob,  )  n.  the  flat  side  of  a  fire- 

Hob-end,  )      grate,  on  which  the  tea- 
kettle or  the  like  may  be  set. 
Hobbly,  adj.  rough,  uneven. 
Hobbying,  n.  riding  a  hobby. 
Hocker,  v.i.  (1)  to  do  work  clumsily 

and  awkwardly.     (2)  To  crouch  over 

the  fire. 
Hocker,  n.  one  who  sits  at  home. 
Hod,  Pr.  of  hold. 

Hods  her  milk,  The  cow,  the  cow  re- 
fuses to  give  her  milk. 
Hod  wi',  To,  to  agree  in  opinion  with 

another. 
Hod,  n.  hold,  possession. 
Hodden,  p.p.  of  To  hold. 
Hoddin,  n.  a  piece  of  leather  connect- 
ing the  handstaff  of  a  flail  with  the 

soople. 


HO 


HO 


Hodlad,  n.  the  plant  bedstraw  or  bind- 
weed (Galium). 
Hod-ta,  Corr.  of  hold  thou,  desist. 
Hoff,  n.  the  hough  of  a  horse,  or  a  leg 

of  beef. 
Hoffle,  n.  broth  made  of  the  houghs  of 

cattle. 
Hog,  n.   a  sheep  a  year  old.     N.  Fr. 

hogety,  a  young  sheep. 
Hog,  n.  a  place  for  preserving  potatoes 

or  turnips  during  the  winter.     W. 

hwg,  a  nook  or  corner. 
Hog,  v.t.  to  put  potatoes,  turnips,  etc. 

into  a  hole  or  pit  to  preserve  them. 
Hoggarth,    n.    an    inclosure    to    fold 

lambs  in. 
Hoggers,  n.  upper  stockings  without 

feet,  like  gaiters. 
Hoggest,  n.  a  shed  for  sheep  and  young 

cattle. 
Hogget,  n.  a  sheep  after  it  has  passed 

its  first  year. 
Hog-hooal,  n.  a  hole  left  for  the  passage 

of  sheep  through  a  wall  or  fence  from 

inclosed  pastures  into  the   open  or 

common  lands. 
Hog-woo',  n.  wool  from  year-old  sheep. 
Hoice,  v.t.  to  hoist. 
Hoity-toity,  (1)  adj.  haughty,  flighty. 

(2)  inter},  (denoting  surprise).     O.N. 

hutututu,  interjectio  cum  ardore  et 

desiderio  interrogantis.     Est  id.  qu. 

Angl.  hoitytoity  !  inter j.  tarn  mirantis, 

quam  adfirmantis  et  negantis  ?    Ex. 

gr.  "Hoity-toity,  what's  to  do  here  ? " 

i.e.  quid,  malum,  turbse  hie  est  ? 
Hold,  v.i.  to  take  care,  to  beware. 
Hole,  v.i.  to  hide  ;  to  go  to  earth,  as  a 

fox.    "He's  holed" = He's  gone  into 

the  house. 
Holl  o'  winter  :  the  depth  of  winter. 
Holl  o'  neet :  the  dead  of  the  night. 
Hollin,  n.  the  holly.    A.S.  holegn,  M. 

hollyn. 
Holm,  n.  (1)  a  small  island,  as  Holme 

Island,  near  Grange.     (2)  Low  lying 

flat  land,  low  ground,  sometimes  or 

originally  environed  with  water  ;  as 

Hornby  Holms.     O.N.  holm,   holmi, 

insula,  O.Fris.  holm,  Sw.  holme,  Dan. 

holm. 
Holt,  n.  a  grove  or  forest.   O.Fris.  holt, 

A.S.  holt. 
Holus-bolus,  adv.  all  at  once. 
Homered,  adj.  shaded. 
Homminy,  n.  a  long  uninteresting  story, 

a  recitation,  a  proclamation  :  perhaps 

Corr.  of  Homily. 


Honed,  adj.  having  the  udder  swollen 
and  hard,  as  a  cow  after  calving. 

Hoo,  pron.  he,  she.    A.S.  heo,  she,  he. 

Hood-end,  n.  the  hob  of  a  grate. 

Hooders,  }  n.     the     uppermost 

Hood-sheaves,  >     sheaves  of  a  hat- 

Hudds,  )      tock   or    shock   of 

grain,  which  are  so  placed  as  to  form 
a  kind  of  roof. 

Hool,  v.i.  to  shiver  with  cold. 

Hoon,  v.t.  to  ill-treat,  to  oppress. 

Hoop,  n.  a  measure,  four  hoops  making 
one  peck.  See  Heap.  W.  hob,  a 
measure  of  various  capacities. 

Hoorse,  Pr.  of  hoarse. 

Hooved,  adj.  callous,  hard. 

Hooze,  n.  a  difficult  breathing  or  half 
cough  peculiar  to  cattle. 

Hopper,  n.  a  seed  basket  used  in  sow- 
ing corn  broadcast. 

Hoppin',  n.  a  country  fair  or  wake,  at 
which  dancing  is  a  principal  amuse- 
ment. 

Hopple,  v.t.  to  tie  the  feet  of  an  animal 
to  prevent  it  straying. 

Hop-skip-and-loup ;  a  boys'  game,  in 
which  they  try  which  can  clear  the 
most  ground  by  one  of  each  of  these 
modes  of  progression. 

Horl,  v.i.  to  shiver.     See  Hool. 

Horn,  n.  a  drinking  cup  or  glass.  O.N. 
horn,  poculum. 

Horny,  n.  a  knorr  made  of  horn,  used 
in  playing  at  Spell  and  knorr. 

Horple.     See  Hirple. 

Horses  together,  They  don't  put  up 
their  =  They  are  not  on  friendly  terms. 

Horsegogs,  n.  wild  plums. 

Horse-knop,  n  the  plant  knapweed. 

Horse-pennies,  n.  the  plant  yellow- 
rattle,  or  penny-grass  (Rhinanthus 
Crista  galli  Linn.). 

Horsin'-stan,  n.  a  horseblock,  or  stone 
steps,  to  assist  people  in  mounting 
their  horses. 

Host,  n.  a  cough.  "A  kittling  host"= 
A  tickling  cough.  Du.  hdst,  O.N. 
hosti,  SwC  hosta,  Dan.  hoste. 

Hot-foot-hot,  adv.  and  adj.  at  or  in 
urgent  speed. 

Hot-pot,  n.  a  dish  of  meat  cut  into 
small  pieces,  and  potatoes,  cooked  to- 
gether in  the  oven. 

Hotts,  n.  panniers  to  carry  turf  or 
slate.  Du.  hotte,  a  pannier  or  basket, 
Finn,  hotti,  receptaculum  rebus  mi- 
noribus  condendis,  N.Fr.  hotte,  a  scut- 
tle or  basket  to  carry  on  the  back. 
43 


HO 


IL 


Hon,  Pr.  of  hoe.     N.Fr.  houe. 

Hou !  Inter j.  a  call-word  used  by  drovers 

in  driving  cattle,  intended  to  quicken 

their  speed. 
Houghle,  n.  the  shank  of  beef. 
Houm.     See  Holm. 
Houm,  Pr.  of  elm. 
Houpy!    houpy!    a  cry  used  to  call 

cows  up  to  be  milked. 
House,  v.t.  to  put  corn  and  other  pro- 
duce into  the  barn. 
House,  n.  (in  a  farm-house)  the  kitchen, 

or  ordinary  sitting-room. 
Housen,  n.  buildings,  houses. 
Hout,  Pr.  of  holt ;  coppice  or  nut-wood. 
Hove,  pret,  of  To  heave. 
Hoven,  adj.  swelled,  distended. 
How,  n.  a  hill,  a  gentle  eminence  near 

a  vale.  O.N.  haugr,  a  hill  heaped  up, 

A.S.  hou,  a  mountain. 
Ho -way  :    Come   away  :  a  word  much 

used  by  cattle  drivers. 
Howiver,  Pr.  of  however. 
How- seeds,  n.  husks  of  oats. 


Howsomdever,  )      ever. 
Hubbleshows,  n.  confusion,  tumult. 
Huddle,  v.t.  (1)  to  embrace,  to  squeeze, 

to  hug,   to   cuddle.     (2)    To  crowd 

together.     Germ,  hudeln. 
Huddlin(g),  n.  an  embracing,  a  cuddling. 
Huer,  n.  hail  (very  rare). 
Huff,  v.t.  (1)  to  offend.     "  She's  easily 

huffed."    (2)  To  scold,  to  treat  scorn- 

folly. 

Huff,  n.  offence,  displeasure.   W.  wfft,  a 

scorn,  a  slight,  wfftio,  to  push  away 

with  disapprobation,  to  cry  shame. 
Huff,  To  take  the,  to  take  offence. 
Hug,  (1)  v.t.  to  carry  anything  that  is 

heavy  and  awkward.     (2)  v.i.  To  run 

close  side  by  side. 
Huggan,  n.  the  hipbone  of  a  horse  or 

cow. 
Hug-me-close,  n.  a  name  for  a  fowl's 

merry -thought. 
Huke,  Pr.  of  hook. 
Huke-nebbed,  adj.  having  a  crooked 

nose  or  bill  like  a  hawk. 
Hull,  n.  a  shed  or  house  for  calves  or 

swine ;  as,  "A  ipig-hull,"  "A  cd^-hulV 

A.S.  hule,  a  cabin,  Dan.  hyle,  a  cave 

or  den. 
Hullet,  )  n.  an  owl ;  also  a  mischievous 
Hullot,  )     child.    Fr.  hulotte,  an  owlet, 

W.  hullad. 
Hully-hoo,  n.  an  owl. 
Hum,  v.t.  to  throw  anything,  as  a  stone. 
44 


Hummel,         )  n.  the  humble-bee.  Sw. 

Hummle-bee,  ]  humla,  to  buzz,  Dan. 
humlebi. 

Hummen,  v.i.  to  make  a  low  rumbling 
noise. 

Hummock,  n.  a  mound  of  earth. 

Humoursome,  adj.  capricious. 

Hump,  v.t.  to  insinuate. 

Hund,  Pr.  of  hound. 

Hung'r,  v.i.  to  be  famished. 

Hungry,  adj.  very  mean. 

Hunkered,  adj.  elbowed,  crooked. 

Hunniel,  n.  a  covetous  person. 

Hunnish,  v.t.  to  starve  a  person  for 
want  of  food. 

Hurkle,  v.i.  (1)  to  shudder.  (2)  To 
shrug  up  the  back,  as  cattle  in  tem- 
pestuous weather. 

Hurtle ;  the  same  as  Hurkle. 

Hurst,  n.  a  wood. 

Hush,  v.t.  to  loosen  earthy  particles 
from  minerals  by  running  water. 

Huskin,  n.  a  clownish  fellow. 

Hussock,  n.  a  large  coarse  woman.  See 
Fussock. 

Hustle,  v.t.  to  scatter  abroad,  as  apples 
amongst  boys  to  be  scrambled  for. 

Hut !  hut-away  !  an  expression  of 
disbelief,  or  disapprobation.  Pshaw  ! 

Hutch,  n.  a  hoard,  or  store  of  anything. 
The  field-mouse  makes  a  hutch  or 
store  of  nuts  for  winter  use. 

Hutch,  v.i.  to  shrug  the  shoulders  un- 
easily. 

Huz,  Corr.  of  us. 

Huzzif,  Pr.  of  housewife,  a  needle-case. 

Huzzin,  n.  a  husk. 

Huzzle,  Pr.  of  hustle. 

Hyan,  n.  a  fatal  disease  amongst  cattle. 


I  (sometimes  as  e),  prep,  on,  in.  O.N. 
%  in,  at  rest,  in  contradistinction  to 
in  motion  towards  a  place  ;  as,  i 
sandi,  in  sand ;  Sw.  i,  Dan.  i. 

Ice-bone,  n.  the  aitch  bone  of  beef. 
Du.  is  or  isch-ben,  the  haunch  bone, 
Dan.  iis-been,  share  bone. 

Iceshockles,  n.  icicles.     Du.  ysgekels. 

I-coaf,  Pr.  of  in  calf.     Cf.  Sw.  i-Jcalf. 

Iftle,  Pr.  of  if  thou  wilt. 

I'-Goddle,  )    Pr.  of  If  God  will,  or  be 

I'-Godlin,  \       willing. 

Ill  an,  a  bad  or  ill  one. 

Hl-favvert,  adj.  ill-looking. 

Illify,  v.t.  to  defame. 


IL 


JE 


Ill-set,  To  be,  to  be  hard  put  to  it ;  as, 

"  I's  ill-set  to  mek  a  living." 

Ill-thing,  He  Inks  like  an,  he  looks 
badly. 

Ill-willed,  adj.  malevolent. 

Ime,  n.  rime,  hoarfrost. 

Immy,  Contr.  of  in  my. 

I-morning :  in  the  morning,  to-morrow. 
O.N.  i-morgin,  hoc  presenti  mane, 
Sw.  i-morgen,  to-morrow. 

Imp,  v.t.  to  add  to  the  capacity  of  a  bee- 
hive, by  inserting  a  ring  of  the  same 
material  and  diameter  beneath  it. 

In-bank,  n.  inclining  ground. 

In  with  a  person,  To  be,  to  be  on  good 
terms  with  him. 

Indermer,  )  adj.  more  or  further  with- 

Innermer,  j      in. 

Ing,  n.  a  marshy  meadow.  M.G.,  A.S., 
and  Dan.  ing,  O.N.  eng,  pratum,  ager 
non  stercoratus. 

Ing,  a  termination  of  the  names  of 
certain  places.  S.G.  ing,  terminatio, 
quam  habent  nomina  propria  locorum. 

In-ga,  v.i.  to  go  in. 

Ingate,  n.  ingress. 

Ingle,  n.  a  fire. 

In-going,  n.  an  entrance.         [tenant." 

In-going,  adj.  entering  ;  as,  "In-going 

Inkle,  n.  narrow  tape  of  peculiar  fabric. 

Inklin',  n.  (1)  a  wish  or  desire.  (2)  A 
suspicion  or  glimmering  of  a  thing  ; 
a  hint  or  insight  into  it. 

Inkspew,  n.  the  cuttle-fish. 

Insense,  v.t.  to  instruct,  give  some 
notion  of  a  thing  to  a  person.  "  To 
insense  him  inta  it  "  =  To  get  him  to 
understand  it. 

Insensing,  n.  instruction. 

Instep,  He's  rather  heigh  in  his,  he 
is  rather  proud,  haughty. 

Intack,  n.  an  enclosure  ;  part  of  a 
common  enclosed  and  planted  or 
sown,  while  the  other  part  lies  wild 
and  unimproved.  O.N.  intaka,  a  tak- 
ing in,  S.G.  intaka;  that  which  any- 
one fenced  off  from  any  common 
land,  and  made  his  own,  he  was  said 
to  intak,  or  take  in,  Sw.  intaga,  to 
take  possession  of. 

Intermell,  ^.intermeddle. 

Intiv,  )  .   , 

Intui;J^mt0- 

w.«+.w  f  into  thee. 


Intuth';  , 

I-plat,  on  the  ground ;  as,  "  T '  peats 
is  i-plat  yet  "  =  Spread  out  on  the 
ground. 


I-two,  in  two.   "  To  fall  i-two  "=To  be 

brought  to  bed. 
I's  :  I  am. 
I  s' :  I  shall. 

Ista  ?  Corr.  of  Art  thou  ? 
Ist'er  ?  Corr.  of  Is  there  1 
It,  Pr.  of  eat.    "  They  wod  net  it  it  "= 

They  would  not  eat  it. 
Ivin,  n.  ivy. 
Ivven,  Pr.  of  even. 
Ivvnin,  Pr.  of  evening. 
Ivvry,  Pr.  of  every. 
Ivvry-like,  adv.  every  now  and  then. 
Izzard,  Izzet,  )  »     ,,    ,  ,,    -,7 

Izzed  '  a  name  *or  ™e  letter  Z. 


Jack-at-a-pinch;  a  term  for  a  person 
always  ready  to  act  at  any  call,  how- 
ever sudden  or  unexpected. 

Jack-a-lang-legs,  n.  the  summer  fly, 
also  called  Daddy-long-legs. 

Jackalegs,  n.  a  large  clasp  knife.  From 
Jacques  de  Liege,  the  name  of  a  famous 
Flemish  cutler.     (Dr.  Jamieson.) 

Jackdaa,  Pr.  of  jackdaw. 

Jacky,  n.  a  child's  night  dress.  S.G. 
and  Sw.  jacka,  a  gown,  Fr.  jaquette, 
a  child's  coat, 

Jaggin(g),  n.  a  small  load  of  hay. 

Jail,  v.t.  to  crack  or  spill. 

Jaist,  v.t.  to  agist  cattle. 

Jamb  (Pr.  jawm),  n.  the  upright  side 
of  a  window,  door,  chimney,  etc. 

Jannock,  n.  bread  made  of  rye  and 
oatmeal. 

Jannock,  adj.  (1)  upright,  honourable, 
fair.  (2)  Fit,  proper,  good.  [O.N. 
jafn,  O.Sw.  jamn,  even,  jcemka,  to 
make  even,  Sw.  D.  janka,  jank,  id. 
Jannock  is  thus  the  Northumb.  form 
of  E.  even,  A.S.  efen.     Ed.] 

Jar,  v.t.  to  squabble.  "  They  did  nout 
but  jar." 

Jarble,  v.t.  to  wet,  to  bemire. 

Jaup,  v.t.  to  splash  over  in  or  from  a 
pail  or  like  vessel. 

Javver  (Pr.  of  jabber),  idle  talk. 

Jealous,  adj.  fearful,  suspicious,  alarmed. 

Jemmy-lang-neck,  )  n.  a  name  for  the 


Jemmy-lang-legs, 


heron. 


Jerdle,  v.i.  to  dance. 

Jerry-built,  adj.  slightly,  or  unsub- 
stantially built. 

Jert,  v.t.  (1)  to  throw  a  stone  under 
hand.  (2)  To  start.  [This  word  is 
simply  another  form  of  Jerk,  and  is 
45 


JE 


KE 


interesting  as  illustrating  the  not  in- 
frequent substitution  in  the  northern 
dialects  of  t  for  k.     Ed.]. 

Jew's -trump,  n.  a  Jew's-harp. 

Jige,  v.i.  to  creak. 

Jiggetin',  n.  jolting,  shaking. 

Jike,  v.i.  to  creak. 

Jim,  adj.  neat,  spruce,  smart. 

Jimp,  v.t.  to  indent  or  scallop  ;  as 
muslin  borders,  etc. 

Jimp,  adj.  neat  in  attire,  spruce,  elegant. 
Welsh,  gwymp,  fair,  comely,  neat. 

Jink,  v.i.  to  jingle. 

Jinny-hummer,  )       .,     cockchafer 

Jinny-spinner,   \  ,l'  me  C0Cj£Ciiater- 

Jizle,  v.i.  to  move  about  in  a  twisting 
manner.     See  Gizle. 

Job,  v.i.  to  fish  for  eels  with  a  bunch 
of  worms  threaded  upon  worsted,  in 
which  material  the  teeth  of  the  eels 
become  entangled,  and  so  their  cap- 
ture is  effected. 

Jobby ;  familiar  for  Joseph. 

Job-nuts,  n.  cob-nuts. 

Joe,  n.  (1)  a  master.  "  To  be,;'oe"  =  To 
be  master.     (2)  A  jest. 

Joggle,  v.t.  to  shake. 

Joggly,  adj.  rough,  uneven  ;  applied  to 
roads,  or  to  a  conveyance,  etc.  "  Its 
nobbut  &  joggly  road." 

Jooany-crooan;  a  name  for  the  heron. 
A.S.  cran,  a  crane. 

Jope,  v.t.  to  spot  with  dirt.  Comp. 
Jaup. 

Jor,  v.t.  to  jostle  or  push.  W.  gyru,  to 
thrust,  to  press. 

Joseph,  n.  a  riding  habit. 

Joup,  v.i.  to  jump. 

Jow,  v.t.  to  push  or  jam  with  violence. 

Jowl,  n.  (1)  the  jaw.  (2)  The  head  and 
shoulder  of  a  salmon. 

Jowler,  n.  a  thick-jawed  hound. 

Jummlement,  n.  confusion. 

Jump,  n.  a  child's  dress. 

Jumper,  n.  a  miner's  boring-tooL 

Junk,  n.  a  lump,  a  piece. 

Juntish,  adj.  surly. 

Jumut,  Pr.  of  earth  nut. 

Jyste,  Pr.  of  joist. 


Kaaikin',  adj.  looking  about  stupidly. 

Kaffle,  (1)  v.t.  to  perplex  or  entangle  a 
person  in  conversation.  Probably  a 
Corr.  of  E.  cavil.  (2)  v.i.  To  become 
entangled  ;  of  a  skein  of  thread, 
twine,  etc. 
46 


Kail,  n.  (1)  greens,  cabbage.  (2)  Broth 
or  pottage.  Isl.  kal,  Dan.  kaal,  W. 
cawl,  cabbage. 

Kail-pot,  n.  a  large  metal  pot  for 
cooking  meat  and  cabbage  together, 
etc. 

Kait.     See  Kead. 

Kamed,  adj.  cross,  ill-tempered,  awry. 

Kave,  v.i.  to  give  an  awkward,  waver- 
ing motion  to  the  body. 

Kead,  n.  a  sheep's  louse. 

Keal  (Pr.  of  kail),  n.  broth.  Isl.  kaal, 
olus. 

Keb,  v.t.  to  fish  in  the  sea  from  a  boat, 
for  flukes,  etc.,  with  a  line  depending, 
from  which  project  two  cross-sticks, 
each  with  its  own  hook  and  snooding 
suspended. 

Keck,  v.t.  (1)  to  turn  up  a  cart.  (2)  To 
refuse  with  disdain. 

Keck,  n.  a  jolt. 

Keckle,  v.i.  to  laugh  violently. 

Keckle,  v.i.  to  cackle. 

Ketlock'  (  n'  cnarl°ck>  wild  mustard. 

Kedge,  n.  a  mischievous  child. 

Keek,  v.i.  to  peep,  to  look  slily. 

Keen,  n.  caustic. 

Keen,  v.t.  to  burn  with  caustic. 

Keen,  adj.  sharp,  earnest,  resolute. 

Keened  :  the  hands  are  said  to  be 
keened  with  the  frost,  when  the  skin 
is  broken  or  cracked,  and  a  sore  pro- 
duced. 

Keens,  n.  cracks  in  the  hands  ;  applied 
to  the  chinks  in  chapped  hands.  See 
Kinns. 

Keep,  n.  a  reservoir  for  fish  by  the  side 
of  a  river. 

Keeps  and  Creaks,  hooks  and  eyes. 

Keigh  (pron.  like  weigh),  n.  a  key. 

Keisty,  adj.  dainty,  squeamish. 

Keld,  n.  a  spring  or  well ;  as,  "  Keld 
Gill  Head,  Coniston  fells.  A.S.  keld, 
Germ,  quelle,  a  spring  or  well,  O.N. 
kelda,  fons,  Dan.  kilde. 

Kelk,  n.  a  kick,  a  blow. 

Kelk,  v.t.  to  beat  severely. 

Kelp,  n.  sea- weed  burnt  to  make  cinder 
or  potash  for  potters. 

Kelter,  n.  condition,  order.  "He  was 
i  heigh  kelter"  =  ~H.e  was  in  high  con- 
dition.    (2)  Money,  cash. 

Kemps,  n.  coarse  hair  among  wool, 
coarse  fibres. 

Ken,  v.t.  to  know,  to  be  acquainted 
with.  O.Fris.  and  O.N.  henna,  Du. 
kennen,  S.G.  kcenna. 


KE 


KI 


Kenner,  n.  (1)  one  who  knows.  (2)  A 
knowing  person.  O.N.  kennir,  qui 
novit,  cognoscit,  rei  peritus,  versatus 
in  aliqua  re. 

Kennin(g),  n.  (1)  an  inkling.  (2)  The 
distance  a  person  can  see.  (3)  Re- 
cognition. 

Kenspack,  )  ac£/.easilyknown,orknown 

Kenspeck,  \  by  something  peculiar. 
S.G.  kennespack,  qui  alios  facile 
agnoscit. 

Kent,  p.p.  of  To  ken. 

Kep,  v.t.  to  catch  anything  falling  (as 
a  ball).  A.S.  cepan,  to  catch,  to  catch 
at,  Gael,  ceap,  to  catch,  stop. 

Kep-bo,  n.  (1)  a  catch-ball.  (2)  The 
game  of  handball. 

Kept,  p.p.  (1)  caught.    (2)  Guarded. 

Kern,  n.  a  churn. 

Kernel,  n.  a  knob  of  flesh.  A.S.  cyrnel, 
an  indurated  gland. 

Kerse,  Pr.  of  cress.  "  W&ter-kerse" 
watercress. 

Kersen,  Pr.  of  Christen. 

Kesh,  n.  white-weed  (a  kind  of  hem- 
lock).    Prov.  "  Hollow  as  a  kesh" 

Keshy,  adj.  having  a  hollow  stem.  W. 
cecysaidd,  tubular,  like  hemlock. 

Keslip,  )  a  calf's  stomach  salted,  being 

Keslop,  )  the  substance  used  for  curd- 
ling milk  for  cheese.  It  is  commonly 
called  rennet,  or  runnet.  Du.  kaes- 
lubbe,  cheese  rennet,  Germ,  kaslab, 
A.S.  ceselib,  milk  curdled,  curdling, 
S.G.  lf>pe,  coagulum.    See  Loppered. 

Kessen,  p.p.  of  To  cast.  (1)  Said  of 
sheep,  which  often,  when  heavy  in 
the  wool,  get  cast  on  their  backs  in 
the  furrows  of  a  field,  where,  from 
the  breadth  of  their  backs  and  the 
upward  slope  of  the  ridge  on  each 
side,  they  are  unable  to  move  with- 
out human  aid,  and  without  which 
they  perish.  (2)  Cast  off;  as,  "kes- 
sen clyathes  "=  Cast-off  clothes.  (3) 
Warped,  not  straight ;  as,  "Kessen 
planks  "=  Planks  that  have  become 
warped. 

Kessen-up,  Ha'  a  ?  Has  he  turned  up, 
made  his  appearance,  or  been  found. 

Kest,  v.t.  (1)  to  cast.  (2)  To  enumerate. 

Kest,  n.  a  twist  or  contortion.  M.  kest, 
a  turn  or  cast. 

Kester,  Pr.  of  Christopher. 

Ket,  n.  carrion.  O.N.  ket  or  kot,  caro, 
Dan.  kiod,  flesh,  meat,  S.G.  kott* 


Ket-craa,  n.  the  carrion  crow. 

Ketlock,  n.  charlock. 

Ketment,  n.  filth,  rubbish. 

Kevel,  v.i.  (1)  to  sprawl  or  gambol.  (2) 
To  climb  clumsily. 

Kewin,  n.  a  periwinkle.  [This  is  the 
cuvvin  of  the  Whitby  neighbourhood, 
and  of  the  coast  of  Durham.  O.N. 
kiifungr,  kufungr,  N.  kuvung,  kuungje, 
the  sea-snail  or  periwinkle.     Ed.] 

Keyak,  Pr.  of  cake. 

Kibble,  n.  a  strong  thick  stick.  S.G. 
kajie,  baculus,  cippus. 

Kibble,  v.t.  to  chip  stones  roughly. 

Kibty-cobty,  adj.  loitering,  dawdling. 
"Don't  stand  kibty-cobty  theyar  wi' 
the  mouth  o'  fleetins ;"  loiteringly, 
vacantly,  dawdling. 

Kick,  v.i.  to  take  offence. 

Kick,  n.  fashion,  mode  ;  as,  "  Aw  i'  th' 
kick  "= All  in  the  fashion. 

Kickish,  adj.  irritable. 

Kickle,  adj.  uncertain,  fickle,  unsteady, 
tottering. 

Kid,  n.  a  fagot. 

Kid,  v.t.  to  bind  up  fagots. 

Kiddy,  n.  a  small  wooden  block  used 
in  the  game  of  bandy-cat.  M.  kit,  a 
piece  of  wood  made  small  at  both 
ends,  to  play  with. 

Kilps,  n.  (1)  crooked  places,  knots.  "It 
hey  a  deeal  of  kilps  in  it"=It  has  a 
great  many  crooks  or  crooked  places 
places.     (2)  Pot-hooks. 

Kin,  n,  a  chap,  a  chilblain. 

Kin'-cough,  n.  the  whooping  cough.  A.S. 
cincung,  great  laughter  (from  the  in- 
voluntary convulsions  it  occasions, 
like  laughter). 

Kind,  adj.  intimate,  friendly. 

Kindle  (pr.  kinn'l),  v.i.  to  bring  forth 
young,  of  a  rabbit. 

Kindly,  adv.  (1)  naturally.  (2)  Heartily, 
well.  [An  interesting  word  from  its 
retention,  in  the  meaning  which 
stands  first,  of  its  original  signifi- 
cation.    Ed.] 

King's-cushion,  n.  a  sort  of  seat  made 
by  two  boys  crossing  their  hands,  for 
a  third,  or  for  a  child,  to  sit  and  be 
carried  on. 

Kink,  n.  (1)  a  twist.  (2)  A  violent, 
convulsive  fit  of  laughter  or  coughing. 
Du.  kink,  a  twist,  M.  kink,  a  twist  in 
thread  or  rope. 

Kink,  v.i.  to  be  affected  with  a  con- 
vulsive stoppage  of  breath,  through 
immoderate  laughing  or  crying ;  to 
47 


KI 


LA 


labour  for  breath  as  in  the  whooping 
cough.  A.S.  cincung,  great  laughter, 
Teut.  kincken,  difficulter  spirare,  Sw. 
kikna,  to  pant,  to  gasp. 

Kink-hoost,  n.  the  chincough.  Sw. 
kikhosta,  chincough.  See  Kin' -cough. 

Kinns,  n.  chinks  or  crevices  in  rocks, 
cracks  in  the  skin  of  the  human 
body.    A.S.  cine,  a  chink,  cleft,  nick. 

Kipe,  v.i.  to  insinuate  to  the  disad- 
vantage of  anyone. 

Kipper,  adj.  lively,  nimble,  light-footed. 
Fin.  kippaan,  to  hop  or  leap  about 
sportively. 

Kipper  :  a  term  applied  to  salmon 
after  spawning. 

Kirk-garth,  n.  the  church-yard.  Sw. 
kyrka-gdrd,  church-yard. 

Kirtle,  v.i.  to  flaunt,  to  give  oneself  airs. 

Kissing-bunch,  n.  a  holly  or  lauresti- 
nus  bush  hung  up  at  Christmas, 
under  which  young  people  kiss  each 
other. 

Kist,  n.  a  chest.  A.S.  cist,  0.  and  N.Fris. 
Jciste,  O.N.,  S.G.,  and  Sw.  kista,  W. 
Jcisti,  Gael,  ciste,  M.  khistey,  Du.  kist, 
Dan.  kiste,  Fin.  kistu. 

Kit,  n.  (1)  a  covered  milking-pail.  (2) 
A  barrel.     (3)  A  brood,  a  family. 

Kitchen,  n.  a  tea-urn, 

Kite,  n.  the  belly. 

Kith,  n.  acquaintance.  Kith  and  kin, 
relations  and  friends.  A.S.  tilling, 
a  relation. 

Kitle,  n.  a  smock-frock,  kirtle,  or  tunic. 
W.  ceitlen,  a  smock-frock. 

Kitling,  n,  a  kitten. 

Kittle,  adj.  (1)  ticklish,  difficult.  (2) 
Off  one's  balance,  or  easily  put  out 
of  equilibrium.  "As  kittle  as  a  mouse- 
trap." 

Kittle,  (1)  v.t.  to  tickle.  (2)  v.i.  To  itch. 

Kittle,  v.i.  to  kitten,  of  cats. 

Kittling,  n.  a  tickling. 

Kittlish,  adj.  ticklish,  rather  difficult 
or  delicate.     Sw.  kittlig,  ticklish. 

Kitty-wren,  n.  the  wren. 

Kizzened,  adj.  parched,  withered. 
Klick-heaks,  n.  large  hooks  for  catch- 
ing salmon  by  day-light.     . 
Knaan,  p.p.  of  To  know. 
Knaanet,  Pr.  of  know  not. 
Knack,  v.t.  to  talk  affectedly  and  min- 
cingly.  "  Spooads,  said  Spoddy,  when 
he  iernt  to  knack." 

Knacker,  n.  a  tanner. 

Knaggy,    adj.    (1)   ill-tempered.     (2) 
Knotty.     Sw.  knagg. 
48 


Knaiyav   (Pr.  of  knave),  n.  a  lad,  a 

servant. 
Knap,  v.t.  (1)  to  strike.     (2)  To  crop 

with  the  teeth,  to  bite  off.     Gael. 

knap,  strike,  beat,  Isl.  kneppa,  to  bite. 
Knap,  n.  a  blow.     Gael,  knap,  a  little 

blow. 
Knep,  v.t.   to  nip  or   crop  off  small 

pieces  of   anything,  as    the    young 

shoots   of  hedges,   by  the  teeth  of 

cattle,  or  the  top  shoot  of  a  plant  to 

prevent  its  farther  growth. 
Knit,  (1)  v.i.  to  unite.    Bees  are  said 

to  knit  when  they  hang  in  a  cluster 

together  after  swarming.     (2)  v.t.  To 

tie  a  knot ;  as,  "Knit  a  knot."     O.N. 

hnyta,  nodare,  Dan.  knytte,  to  tie  in 

a  knot. 

K^0C^.^r"  >  kneed,  adj.  knock-kneed. 

Knockle,  n.  a  knuckle. 
Knockled-cow,  n.  a  cow  that  has  newly 

calved. 
Knodden,  p.p.  of  To  knead. 

|™P' j*i.  a  large  tub. 

Knorr,  n.  (1)  a  small  ball  made  of  heavy 
wood.    See  Spell  and  Knorr.    (2)  A 


Knot,  n.  a  rocky-summit. 

Know,  Pr.  of  knoll,  a  bare  rounded 
hillock,  an  eminence. 

Kregglety,  adj.  not  firm,  unstable. 

Kringlety-kranglety,  adv.  in  a  mean- 
dering, serpentine,  or  crooked  manner 
or  form. 

Kroth,  n.  a  frame  to  lay  sheep  on  for 
salving,  etc. 

Kye,  n.  pi.  cows,  kine. 

Kyloes,  n.  small  Highland  cattle. 


Laa,  Pr.  of  low. 

Laain  (Pr.  of  lawing),  n.  going  to  law. 

Labour,  v.t.  to  cultivate  the  earth. 

Laboursome,  adj.  laborious. 

Lace,  v.t.  to  beat  or  thrash. 

Lache,  n.  a  gutter  washed  by  the  tide 

on  the  sea  shore. 
Lad,  n.  (1)  a  lover,  a  sweetheart.     (2) 

A  boy-servant ;  a  low,  common  youth. 
Lade,  v.t.  to  take  water  by  hand  out  of 

a  pond,  etc.  "  To  lade  out  watter  "= 

To  bale  it  out, 
Lad-licked,  adj.  licked  or  beaten  by  a 

youth  or  lad. 
Lad's-love,  n.  the  plant  Southern-wood. 


LA 


LA 


Lady-bird,    )  n.  the  small  red  beetle 

Lady-clock,  ]    (Coccinella  7-punctata). 

Lady's-Smock,  n.  the  plant  Cuckoo- 
flower. 

Lafter,  n.  the  number  of  eggs  laid  by 
a  hen  before  she  begins  to  wish  to  sit. 

Lag,  adj.  slow,  last. 

Lag,  n.  the  narrow  board  or  stave  of  a 
barrel  or  tub. 

Lag,  or  Lag  last,  is  said  by  boys  when 
playing  at  pitch  and  toss,  or  other 
games,  in  order  that  they  may  be- 
speak the  last  pitch. 

Laggins,  n.  the  part  of  the  wooden 
frame  work  upon  which  the  stones 
are  laid  when  building  an  arch.  S.GL 
lagg,  Du.  lag  en,  a  form  or  mould  to 
make  bricks  in. 

Laidin,  n.  burthen. 

Laik,  )  v.i.  to  play.    A.S.  Icecan,  lacan, 

Lake,  ]  to  play,  O.N.  leika,  Dan.  lege, 
Sw.  leJca. 

Laird,  n.  a  farmer's  eldest  son,  a  pro- 
prietor of  land. 

Lairly,  adj.  disagreeable,  idle,  base. 

Lait,  v.t.  to  search,  to  seek  for.  O.N.  leita, 
quaerere,  Dan.  lede,  Sw.  leta. 

Laited,  p.p.  searched  for,  found . 

Laiyam  (Pr.  of  Lam),  v.t.  to  beat 
soundly. 

Lake,  n.  a  play,  a  game.  A.S.  lac,  play, 
sport,  O.N.  leikr,  Dan.  leg,  Sw.  lek. 

Lake,  v.i,  to  be  costive,  said  of  cattle. 

Laker,  n.  one  who  plays.  O.N.  leihari, 
Fin.  leihari,  joculator. 

Laking,  n.  a  toy. 

Lall,  v.i.  to  shoot  out  the  tongue. 

Lallop,  v.  t.  to  beat,  to  thrash  soundly. 

Lallops,  n.  a  slattern. 

Lam,  v.t.  to  beat  soundly. 

Lamb's-wool-sky  :  a  sky  characterised 
by  a  collection  of  white  orbicular 
masses  of  cloud. 

Lampers,  n.  excrescences  of  flesh  above 
the  teeth  in  horses. 

Lang  o',  O,  all  owing  to  ;  as,  "It's 
o'  lang  o'  him  it  was  done  "=It  is  all 
entirely  through  him  it  was  done. 
A.S.gelang,  in  consequence,  owing  to. 

Lang,  v.i.  to  long.  AS.  langian,  Dan. 
langes. 

Lang,  adj.  tall. 

Lang-hundred,  n.  the  hundred  of  six 
score. 

Lang-marks,  n.  indelible  congenital 
marks  on  the  skins  of  children. 

Lang-last,  adv.  at  length,  in  the  end. 
"At  lang-last"  =  A.t  the  last  end. 

E 


Langled,  p.p.  having  the  legs  tied  to- 
gether by  means  of  a  ligature,  which 

leaves  some  liberty  of  motion. 
Lang-length,  adv.  at  full  length.  "  He 

fell  down  o'  his  lang-length." 
Langles,  n.  straps  or  chains  to  bind 

horses'  feet  with. 
Lang-ley  an  :  a  name  for  the  throat. 
Langmouth,  n.  a  spade  long  and  narrow, 

with  which  drains  are  cut  in  soft  land. 
Lang- sen,  adv.  long  since,  a  long  time 

ago. 
Lang-settle,  n.  a  homely  sofa. 
Lang-streak'd,  adj.  laid  down  at  full 

length. 
Langsome,  adj.  tedious.  A.S.  langsum, 

durable,  lasting. 
Lang-tung,  u.  a  babbler,  a  gossip.    Du. 

lang-tong,  a  babbler,  teller  of  tales. 
Lang  way,  A  (used  adverbially),  much. 

"  It's  a  lang-way  better." 
Lang- ways,  adv.  lengthways, 
Lankister-loup,  n.  the  game  of  leapfrog. 
Lant,  v.t.  (1)  to  loo  at  cards.     (2)   To 

over-reach,  to  beggar. 
Lant,  n.  the  game  of  loo. 
Lant,  n.  old  or  stale  urine. 
Lantern-leet,  n.  the  horn  or  glass  at 

the  sides  of  a  lanthorn. 
Lanters,  n.  players  at  the  game  of  loo. 
Lap,  v.t.  to  wrap  up,  to  cover.     M. 

lhap,  to  fold  up,  to  double. 
Lap  up,  v.i.  to  give  up,  to  leave  off. 
Lap,  n.  the  skirt  or  lappet. 
Lap,  n.  a  large  bundle  or  truss  of  straw. 

"A  lap  o'  streea."     Fin.  lappo,  fceni 

congeries. 
Lapped,  adj.  folded,  wrapped. 
Lark,  n.  a  wild  fellow. 
Lark-heeled,  adj.  long-heeled. 
Larn  (Pr.  of  learn),  v.t.  to  teach. 
Lash,  v.t.  (1)  to  kick  out.  (2)  To  comb 

the  hair.     (3)  To  beat  severely. 
Lash- comb,  n,  a  wide-toothed  comb. 
Lashin',  adj.  large,  big.  "  He's  a  lashivJ 

fellow. 
Lask.     See  Lisk. 
Lastenest,  adj.  most  lasting. 
Lasty,  adj.  lasting. 
Late,     See  Lait. 

Lathe,  n.  a  barn.    Dan.  lade,  Sw.  lada. 
Latly,  Pr.  of  lately. 
Latt,  v.t.  to  lath,  to  nail  laths  to  spars 

or    joists,    as    for    the    purpose    of 

plastering. 
Latt-river,  n.  a  person  who  makes  laths. 
Lauk,  v.t.  to  strike,  to  beat. 
Lauk.     See  Louk. 

49 


LA 


LE 


Lauker,  n.  a  weeding  iron. 

Laukin',   n.  weeding  with   a  kind  of 

tongs. 
Lay ;  to  lay  down,  to  sow  down  ploughed 

land  with   grass.     To  lay  to   one's 

hand,  to  help. 
Lay,  v.t.  to  deliver  a  woman.     To  lay 

an  edged-tool,  to  re-steel  its  edge. 
Lay,  n.  (1)  a  wager.     (2)   Any  grass 

land.     (3)  Poor-rate. 
Lay,  v.t.  to  allay,  assuage,  soothe.   Dan. 

loie,  to  lull. 
Laylack,  Pr.  of  lilac. 
Lea,       )  n.  a  scythe.     O.N.  le,   Dan. 
Leagh,  ]      lee,  Sw.  lie,  N.Fris.  lee. 
Lead  (Pr.  of  lead),  n.  a  vat  for  dye- 
ing. 
Lead,  v.t.  to  cart,  convey  by  carting. 

Sw.  leda,  to  convey. 
Leader,  n.  a  tendon. 
Lead-nails,  n.  nails  used  by  plumbers 

in  covering  the  roof  of  a  house  with 

lead. 
Leaf,  n.  fat  round  the   kidneys  of  a 

slaughtered  animal. 
Lea-stone,  n.  a  scythe-sharpener. 
Leak,  Pr.  of  look. 
Leaksta !  look  you  ! 
Lean,  Pr.  of  lean. 
Lean,  v.  t.  to  connive  at,  to  hide  a  fault. 

[O.N.  leyna,  to  conceal,   O.Sw.  and 

Sw.  D.   Una,  N.  loyna,  Dan.  lonne. 

Ed.] 
Learn,  v.t.  to  teach. 
Learning,  n.  correction,  discipline. 
Lea-sand,  n.  the  sand  which  is  put  on 

the  strickle,  with  which  the  scythe 

is  sharpened. 
Leasow,    n.   a   pasture    ground.     A.S. 

loesuio,  a  pasture  or  common. 
Leastways,  adv.  at  least. 
Leath,  Pr.  of  loath. 
Leathe,  n.  part  of  a  skein  of  wool. 
Leather,  v.i.  to  travel  at  a  great  speed; 

said  of  horses.     "  They  dud  leather 

it;"    "They  com   leatherin  on"  = 

They  came  galloping  on. 
Leav,  Pr.  of  lief. 
Leav-hod  :   let  me  (or  anything  else) 

go,  leave  off  holding. 

JH™'  I  Corr.  of  eleven. 
Levven,  ) 

Leek,  n.  a  leak.  Du.  leek,  O.N.  leki, 
stillatio,  Dan.  leek,  a  leak,  Sw.  lack. 

Leek,  v.i.  to  leak. 

Leek  on,  v.t.  to  pour  on,  to  add  water 
to  the  mash  in  brewing. 

Leek  off,  v.t.  to  drain  or  draw  off;  also 
50 


a  brewing    term.      A.S.    leccan,   to 

wet,  moisten,  Dut.  lecken,  to  leak  or 

drop. 
Leekfng,  n.  a  leaking. 
Leddher-head,  n.  a  blockhead. 
Lee,  Pr.  of  lie. 
Lee,  n.  (1)  humour  discharged  from  a 

wound  or  sore.     (2)  Urine,     (3)  Lye 

of  ashes. 

Leevetail  \  adv'  mnch  in  demand 

Leeght  (Pr.  of  light),  v.i.  to  happen,  to 
fall  out ;  as,  "Leet  what  may  I'll 
duit." 

Leeght  (Corr.  of  alight),  v.i.  to  fall, 
settle,  come  to  the  ground ;  as,  "  I 
leet  o'  my  heead." 

Leeght  on,  v.i.  to  fall  in  or  meet  with, 
to  succeed. 

Lee-lang,  adv.  live-long. 

Leemers,  )  n.  ripe   nuts,  such  as  slip 

Leemins,  )      readily  from  the  husk. 

Leeny,  adj.  alert,  active. 

Leet.     See  Let. 

Leet  ;  a  form  of  Lite. 

Leet,  v.t.  to  pretend,  feign. 

Leetnin'  (Pr.  of  Ughtning),  n.  the  break 
of  day. 

Leet-sMrts,  n.  a  woman  of  disreputable 
conduct. 

Leetsome,  adj.  light,  pleasant-looking, 
cheerful. 

Lee  with  a  lid  on  :  a  term  for  a  no- 
torious lie. 

Leh,  Corr.  of  let.    "Leh  me  aleyan." 

Leister,  n.  an  eel  spear,  a  spear  for 
catching  fish.  For  round  fish,  as 
mort,  sprods,  salmon,  flooks,  etc.,  it 
is  simply  a  barbed  trident,  upon  the 
points  or  barbs  of  which  they  are 
impaled  :  for  eels,  a  flat-headed 
trident  with  the  three  prongs  near 
together  and  serrated,  between  which 
they  are  caught  and  held  by  the 
teeth  of  the  instrument.  O.N.  lidsta, 
ferire. 

Lele,  adj.  loyal,  faithful,  true. 

Len,  v.t.  to  lend.  O.Fris.  lena,  Du. 
leenen,  A.S.  lainan. 

Length,  n.  stature.  "  He's  a  girt  length  " 
=  He  is  very  tall. 

Lent-grain,  n.  the  spring  crops. 

Lesk.     See  Lisk. 

Let  See  Let  lite,  Let  on,  Let  wite, 
etc. 

Let  drive,  v.i.  to  attack  with  violence. 

Let  lite,  v.t.  to  inform,  disclose,  make 
known.     See  Lite. 


LE 


LI 


Let  on,  v.t.  to  admit  knowledge  or  ac- 
quaintance with  a  fact  or  circum- 
stance, to  disclose,  make  known. 

Let  wite,  v.t.  to  cause  to  know,  to  in- 
form, to  communicate  knowledge  to 
(a  person,  of  a  thing). 

Let,  n.  impediment,  hindrance. 

Leugh,  pret.  of  To  laugh. 

Leuk,  Pr.  of  look. 

Lewis,  n.  an  iron  dovetail  inserted  into 
holes  bored  into  large  stones,  by 
which  to  lift  them  into  their  places 
in  building. 

Lew,  adj.  mild,  calm. 

Lew-warm,  adj.  luke-warm.  Teut. 
lauwen,  tepefacere. 

Leyace  (Pr.  of  lace),  v.t.  to  beat  or 
thrash. 

Leyad,  Pr.  of  load. 

Leyaf,  Pr.  of  loaf. 

Leyam,  Pr.  of  lame. 

Leyan,  Corr.  of  alone.  "  Leh  ma  ley  an" 
=  Let  me  alone. 

Leyan,  n.  a  loan. 

Leyap,  pret.  of  leap.     See  Loup. 

Leyazy-lump  (Pr.  of  lazy-lump ),  n.  a 
sluggard. 

Ley-land,  n.  land  unbroken  by  the 
plough. 

Lickin',  n.  a  beating. 

Lids,  n.  manner,  fashion,  way,  kind. 
"Don't  du  a  that  lids"  =  Don't  do 
in  that  manner,  etc. 

Lief,     )  adv.  soon,  willing.    A.S.  leof. 

Lieve,  )  "  I'd  as  lief  die  "=  I  had  as 
soon  die. 

Lift,  v.t.  (I)  to  draw  or  cut  for  the  deal. 
(2)  To  steal. 

Lig,  v.i.  to  lie  down,  to  lie.  A.S.  licgan 
or  liggan,  0.  Fris.  liga,  Du.  liggen, 
O.N.  liggja,  Dan.  ligge,  S.G.  and  Sw. 
ligga. 

Lig,  v.  t.  to  lay  a  thing  down,  to  put  or 
place  a  thing.  O.N.  leggja,  Sw.  lagga, 
Dan.  Icegge,  to  lay,  place,  put. 

Lig  down,  To,  (of  land).  To  sow  arable 
land  in  due  course  with  grass  seeds 
for  permanent  pasture. 

Lig  intul,  To.  To  eat  or  work  vigor- 
ously, to  attack  with  energy. 

Lig  on,  v.  t.  to  lay  on.  Cattle  are  said 
to  "lig  it  on,"  when  they  thrive  well 
and  fatten  fast.  "Lig  on  him"= 
Beat  him  soundly  or  perseveringly, 

Lig-a-bed,  n.  a  lazy  person. 

Lig-a-lame,  v.  t.  to  maim. 

Ligger,  n.  (1)  one  who  lies  in  bed  a 
long  time  or  rests  a  long  time ;  as, 


"A  lang  ligger."     (2)   A  branch  of 

thorn  or  other  tree  cut  half  through 

and  laid  along  the  top  of  a  plashed 

hedge. 
Like,  adj.  and  adv.  likely,   probably ; 

as,  "Like  to  have  been  killed  ;"  "Fs 

like  to  du  it"=I  am  certain  to  do 

it ;  "  almost,  I  am  under  necessity  to 

do  it. 
Like,  Better  nor.     Better  than  was 

expected. 
Like.     Used    as  a  qualifying    suffix  ; 

as,  "  He  is  a  good  sort  of  a  man  like ; " 

"He   was    onnish-^e    in   drink "= 

Somewhat  the  worse  for  liquor. 
Likely,  adj.  (1)  resembling.     (2)  Suit- 
able, promising,  good-looking. 
Likened.  "  I  had  likened  to  be  drowned  " 

=  1  was  in  danger  of,  or  near,  being 

drowned. 
Likliest,  Pr.  of  likeliest. 
Li kl  in  ess,    n.    likelihood,    appearance. 

"  Theyar's  neya  likliness   o'  rain  to 

day." 
Likly,  Pr.  of  likely. 
Lile,  adj.  little.     Dan.  lille,  Sw.  lilla. 
Lile-house,  n.  a  privy.     Dan.  lillehuus. 
Lile- worth,  adj.  of  little  worth. 
Lill,  v.t.  to  assuage  pain. 
Lillilow,  n.  a  blaze  in  a  fire.     O.N. 

logi,  flamma. 
Lilt,  v.t.  (1)  to  jerk  or  spring.     (2)  To 

lift  up  on  one  side  suddenly. 
Lilt,  n.  a  jerk  or  spring. 
Limber,  adj.  supple,  flexible. 
Lime-ass,  n.  the  refuse  of  lime-kilns, 

i.e.  cinders  and  powdered  lime. 
Limmers,  n.  pi.  a  pair  of  shafts  for  a 

cart  or  carriage.     O.N.  limar,  pi.  of 

limi,  ramus  arboris. 
Limp.  adj.  flaccid,  limber,  supple.    W. 

llimp,  smooth,  sleek,  soft. 
Lin,  n.  a  pool. 
Lin,  n.  linen.     O.N.  lin,  W.  llin,  flax, 

A.S.  lin,  flax,  linen,  Sw.  linna. 
Lined,  adj.  intoxicated. 
Ling,  n.  heather  (the  plant).    O.N.  ling, 

lyng,  erica,  Dan.  lyng,  heather,  heath, 

S.G.  and  Sw.  ljung. 
Ling-besom,  n.  a  broom  made  of  Ling. 
Linge,  v.t.  (1)  to  beat,  to  thrash,  to 

excel.     (2)   To    take   in,   to   impose 

upon. 
Links,  n.  black  puddings. 
Lin-pin,  n.  a  linch-pin. 
Lintel,  n.  the  stone  which  lies  across  a 

door  or  window.     Fr.  linteau. 
Lin-tree,  n.  a  lime-tree. 

51 


LI 


LU 


Lin-webster,  n.  a  linen  weaver. 
Lippen,  v.t.  to  expect,  to  rely,  to  trust  to. 
Liring,  n.  meal  and  water  beat  smooth 

to  put  into  broth. 
Lirt,  v.t.  to  walk  or  move  in  a  quick  or 

lively  manner,  or  with  an  air  of  pert- 

ness. 
Lirty-gig,  n.  a  wanton,  giggling  lass. 
Lirty-kick,  v.i.  to  gambol,  to  frisk. 
Lish,  adj.  active,  strong,  nimble. 
Lisk,  n.  the  flank  :   other  forms  being 

Lesk,  Lask. 
List,  v.t.  to  incline  a  cask  or  vessel  on 

one  side. 
Listing,  n.  the  list  or  border  of  woollen 

cloth. 
Lite,  v.t.  (1)  to  expect  or  depend  on,  to 

rely  upon.     (2)  To  meet  with,  to  fall 

in  with. 
Lithe,  adj.  (1)  smooth,  supple.   (2)  Ob- 
sequious, humble.     A.S.  IvSe. 
Lithe,  v.t.  to  thicken   broth  or  soup 

with  oatmeal.    W.  UUh,  meal  soaked 

in  water,  Gael,  lite,  porridge. 
Lithesome,  adj.  gay,  cheerful. 
Lithin',  n.  a  thickening  for  broth,  made 

of  oatmeal. 
Little-a-dow,  adj.  worthless. 
Littlest,  adj.  least. 
Liven,  v.t.  to  enliven. 
Liver,  v.t.  to  deliver.     Du.  levern,  to 

deliver,  Dan .  lever  e,  Sw.  lefverera,  Fr. 

livrer. 
Liverance,  n.  delivery. 
Loane,  n.  the  first  offer. 
Lob,  n.  a  clown,  a  clumsy  fellow.    W. 

Hob,  a  dull  fellow,  a  blockhead. 
Lobscouse,  n.  a  dish,  consisting  of  meat 

cut  in  small  pieces  and  cooked  in  a 

pan  with  potatoes. 
Lock,  n.  a  small  quantity  of  hay,  wool, 

etc.     O.N.  lockr,  a  lock  or  tuft  of  hair. 
Locker,  adj.  (1)  loose,  spongy.    (2)  Ex- 
pensive, extravagant. 
Lockered,  adj.  entangled  ;   said  of  the 

hair  when  matted. 
Lockspit,  n.  a  small  cut  with  a  spade. 
Loggerhead,  n.  a  blockhead. 
Lointer,  v.i.  to  lag,  to  loiter. 
Lointerpins.     "To  mek  lointerpins"  = 

To  idle  away  time. 
Loll,  v.i.  to  loiter,  to  saunter,  to  lounge. 

O .  N.  lolla,  segniter  agere. 
Lollop,  v.i.  to  walk  in  a  lazy,  waddling 

manner,  to  move  heavily. 
Lollops,  n.  an  idle,  lounging  female. 

LumSakS',  j  adJ'  heav^'  awkward- 
52 


Lomper,  v.i.  to  walk  heavily;  applied 
to  the  action  of  a  horse. 

Lone,  adj.  A  lone  man,  a  man  living  by 
himself ;  a  lone  woman,  a  woman  un- 
married, or  without  a  male  protector. 

Lonesome,  adj.  lonely. 

Lonnin',  )  n.  a  lane.  O.Fris.  and  N.Fris. 


Looaz.     Pr.  of  lose. 

Loop,  n.  part  of  the  hinge  of  a  door. 

Lopper,  v.i.  to  curdle,  to  coagulate. 

Loppered,  adj.  curdled.  Isl.  hlaup, 
curdled  milk,  S.G.  Ibpe. 

Lopper-ear'd,  adj.  having  long,  flabby 
ears. 

Lops  an'  tops :  the  small  branches  and 
tops  of  trees. 

Lorry,  n.  a  brawl. 

Lot,  v.t.  to  allot. 

Lother,  v.i.  to  splash  in  water. 

Louk,  n.  (1)  a  blow,  a  thump.  (2) 
Coarse  grass  on  the  moors. 

Louk,  v.t.  to  weed. 

Loukers,  n.  weeders. 

Lound,  adj.  calm,  out  of  the  wind.  O.N. 
logn,  a  dead  calm,  Dan.  luun,  shelter- 
ed, warm,  Sw.  lugn,  calm,  quiet, 
serene,  W.  llonydd,  still,  calm. 

Loup,  v.  i.  to  leap.  O.N.  hlaupa,  currere, 
Sw.  lopa. 

Loup,  n.  a  leap  or  spring. 

Loup,  Pr.  of  loop. 

Loupin-pow,  Pr.  of  leaping-pole. 

Louse,  adj.  (1)  loose.  O.N.  laus,  solu- 
tus.     (2)  Impure,  disorderly. 


Lowse,  f      out  on  t'  common  "  =  To  let 

cattle  go  upon  the  common. 
Louse-end,  To  be  at  a.    To  be  in  an 

unsettled,  dissipated  state. 
Lousely,  adv.  loosely,  lightly. 
Lous-itn'-heft,  n.  a  disorderly  person, 

a  spendthrift. 
Louze,  v.t.  to  take  lice  from  the  person 

and  garments,  as  beggars  do. 
Low,  v.t.  to  blaze,  to  flame.    O.N.  loga, 

flammare,  flagrare,  Dan.  lue,  S.G.  and 

Sw.  laga. 
Low,  n.  a  flame. 
Lowance,  n.  allowance,  set  quantity  of 

beer.     M.  lowanse,  a  thing  allowed. 
Lowse,  n.  the  privilege  of  turning  out 

cattle  on  the  commons.     "  We've  a 

lowze  on  t'  moor." 
Lowsen,  v.t.  to  loosen. 
Lubber-head,  n.  a  stupid  fellow. 
Lug,  n.  (1)  the  ear.     (2)  A  handle.  "A 

pitcher  wi'  two  lugs." 


LTJ 


MA 


Lug,  v.t.  to  pull  the  hair.  Sw.  lugga, 
to  pull  by  the  hair. 

Luggin  and  rivin.  Pulling  and  tearing. 

Luk,  Pr.  of  look.  To  luk  on,  to  regard 
with  kindness  and  consideration. 

Lum,  n.  a  deep  pool.  A  deep  still  pool 
overshadowed  with  trees.  O.N.  luma, 
amnis. 

Lumber,  n.  mischief. 

Lump,  v.i.  to  be  or  look  sulky. 

Lunge,  (1)  v.i.  to  plunge,  to  rush  for- 
ward with  violence.  (2)  v.t.  To  lunge 
a  colt,  in  breaking  him  in,  is  to  hold 
him  with  a  long  rope  and  drive  him 
round  a  circle. 

Lungeous,  adj.  (1)  rough,  cruel,  vin- 
dictive ;  likely  to  do  a  sudden  bad 
turn.     (2)  Awkward. 

Lurgy,  n.  an  idle  person. 

Lurgy,  adj.  idle. 

Luthabut,  Pr.  of  look  thee  but. 

Luv-barn,  ") 

Luv-begitten-barn,  >  n.  a  bastard. 

Luv-child,  ) 

Luvesome,  adj.  lovely.  A.S.  lufsum. 

Lyring,  n.  a  shallow  depression  or  hol- 
low, of  some  width,  in  the  sands,  in 
whi^h  the  sea  remains  at  low  water. 
These  depressions  are  said  to  be  due 
to  the  continually  shifting  channels 
of  the  river  which  runs  into  More- 
cambe  Bay.  W.  llyr,  a  water-course, 
a  channel. 


M 


Ma,  v.t.  to  make. 

Maa  (Pr.  of  maw),  the  human  stomach 
as  well  as  that  of  any  animal.  A.S. 
maga. 

Maa,  Pr.  of  mow.  pret.  Maew  or 
Mew.     pp.  Maan. 

Maain,  Pr.  of  mowing.  A  day's  mow- 
ing is  about  three  roods. 

Maak,  n.  a  maggot  or  gentle. 

Maaky,  adj.  full  of  maggots. 

Maan,  p.p.  mown. 

Maander,  Pr.  of  maunder. 

Maap  (Pr.  of  mope),  v.i.  to  maunder, 
to  wander  about  in  an  objectless,  va- 
cant maDner.     Dan.  maabe,  to  mope. 

Maapment,  n.  rigmarole,  nonsense. 

Mad,  adj.  angry,  stark  mad,  very  angry. 

Madam,  a  title  used  in  the  provinces 
to  women  under  the  rank  of  Lady, 
but  moving  in  respectable  society. 


Maddle,  v.t.  and  i.  (1)  to  confuse,  to 
perplex,  to  rave  or  be  delirious.  (2) 
To  miss  one's  way. 

Made.  What  made  you  there  ?  =  What 
caused  you  to  be  there,  what  business 
had  you  ? 

Madgew^.  (1)  the  jack  at  nine-pins,  so 
called  from  its  often  consisting  of  the 
madge  or  fetlock-bone  of  a  horse.  (2) 
A  magpie. 

Madge -beyan,  n.  the  fetlock-bone  of  a 
horse. 

Madlin,  n.  a  bad  memory. 

Mad-pash,  n.  a  mad  fellow. 

Maew,  pret.  of  To  mow. 

Maine,  v.i.  (1)  to  hesitate,  to  falter,  to 
act  by  means  inadequate  to  the  at- 
tainment of  the  object  or  end  pro- 
posed, like  one  in  dotage.  (2)  To 
stammer,  to  mumble. 

Mafflehorn,  n.  a  blundering,  inefficient 
person. 

Mafflin',  n.  one  that  has  not  much  sense, 
a  simpleton. 

Maffling,  adj.  trifling,  clumsy,  weak, 
feeble* 

Maggot,  n.  a  whim. 

Maggoty,  adj.  whimsical 

Maggy,  n.  a  magpie. 

Maid,  n.  (1)  a  girl.   (2)  A  clothes-horse. 

Main,  adj.  great.  A  main  man.  The 
varra  main  =  The  greatest  part. 

Maister,  n.  the  husband. 

Maister,  adj.  principal  ;  as,  Maister 
drain  =  Principal  drain. 

Maisterdom,  n.  the  upper  hand. 

Maisterful,  adj.  imperious,  headstrong. 

Maisterlin',  n.  a  would-be  master,  a 
petty  master. 

Maistly,  adj.  mostly,  generally. 

Maist-what,       )  adv.    for    the    most 

Maiyast-what,  ]     part. 

Maiyad,  Pr.  of  made. 

Maiyast,  Pr.  of  most. 

Maiyast  on  end,  adv.  almost  continu- 
ally or  unceasingly. 

Mak',  Pr.  of  make. 

Mak',  n.  (1)  sort,  species.  (2)  Race, 
family. 

Makin,  n.  the  yellow  flag.  Gael,  mea- 
can,  a  flag  iris. 

Makkin',  n.  making.  A.S.  macung, 
making,  contrivance. 

Mally,  |  Familiar  for  Mal7- 
Mammy-seeak  (Pr.  of  Mammy-sick), 

adj.  never  easy  but  when  at  home 

with  mammy. 

53 


MA 


ME 


Man,  n.  a  pile  of  stones  or  turf  built 
upon  the  highest  part  of  a  mountain. 
W.  maen,  a  stone. 

Manch,  v.t.  to  munch,  to  eat  greedily. 

Mander,  n.  manner,  kind. 

Manifolds,  n.  the  intestines  ;  from 
their  consisting  of  many  fold^ 

Manish,  Pr.  of  manage. 

Manishment,  Corr.  of  management. 

Man-keen,  adj.  Of  the  state  of  a  bull 
when  dangerous. 

Manned,  adj.  waited  on,  attended. 

Manner,  Pr.  of  manure. 

Mannerly,  adj.  decent,  neat. 

Mannish,  adj.  manly. 

Mantle,  v.t.  to  embrace  kindly. 

Mappen  [Cow.  of  may  happen),  adv .pro- 
bably, perhaps. 

mSS<  I  **  «*  — • 

Mares' -tails,  n.  a  name  for  long,  nar- 
row and  irregular  clouds,  white  or  of 
a  light  colour. 

Marget,  Corr.  of  Margaret. 

Marjery,  n.  a  cat.  Cf.  Sans,  mar  jar  a, 
from  mrij,  to  clean,  or  the  animal 
that  always  cleans  itself.  M.  Muller, 
Lect.  on  the  Science  of  Language,  p. 
367,  second  edition,  1862. 

Marks,  n .  the  impressions  made  by  the 
feet  of  the  otter. 

Marlock,  n.  a  frolic,  gambol,  or  vagary, 
rough  sports  ;  generally  used  in  the 
plural. 

Marrow,  n,  an  equal,  a  companion,  a 
fellow  : — 

"  There's  never  a  sparrow 
Without  its  marrow." 

Marrow,  v.t.  to  match,  to  equal. 

Marred,  adj.  spoiled  ;  particularly  of 
persons. 

Marriable,  adj.  marriageable. 

Marry ;  an  ejaculatory  expression,  al- 
luding in  its  origin  to  the  Virgin 
Mary. 

Martin,  n.  a  spayed  heifer.  See  Free- 
Martin. 

Martlemas,  Corr.  of  Martinmas. 

Mash,  (1)  v.t.  to  bruise  to  pieces.  (2)  v.i. 
To  go  along  with  a  great  impetus  ; 
as,  "  He  com  mashiri  down." 

Mash,  n.  a  large  quantity  ;  as,  "  We 
hed  a  mask  on  it "  =  We  had  a  large 
quantity  of  it. 

Mashelment,  n.  wheat  and  barley  grown 
and  ground  together. 

Mashment,  n.  anything  cut   up   and 
mixed  together. 
54 


Massacree  (Pr.  of  massacre),  v.t.  to  ill- 
treat,  to  butcher. 

Mastice,  )  n         f         ,  .„. 

Masty,     J  Corr-  of  mastlff- 

Matter,  v.t.  to  approve  of.  "I  don't 
matter  it." 

"Matty,  )  n.  the  mark  pitched  at  in  the 

Motty,  )      game  of  Pitch  and  Toss. 

Maum,  )  adj.  (1)  mellow.     (2)  Gentle, 

Mawm,  J      quiet. 

Mauments,  n.  trifles. 

Maund,  n.  a  large  basket.  A.S.  mand, 
a  basket,  Du.  mand,  a  basket  or  wicker 
pannier. 

Maunder,  v.i.  to  wander  about  thought- 
fully, to  wander  in  talking,  to  mope 
about  without  object. 

Maups,  n.  a  stupid  person. 

Maut,  Pr.  of  malt. 

Mayast,  )  -on-end,  adv.   almost    con- 

Meyast,  \      tinually,  perpetually. 

Mazelin',  n.  one  that  has  not  much 
sense. 

Me.  I.  Here,  as  in  most  parts  of  the 
North,  it  is  usual  to  say  'me'  for 
'I'  in  such  instances  as,  "Wha's 
theeyar  ?"  Ans.  "  Its  me." 

Meadow,  n.  a  field  used  for  growing 
hay,  in  distinction  to  a  pasture. 

Meal  (Pr.  of  meal),  n.  oatmeal. 

Meal-poke,  n.  a  meal-bag. 

Meal-seeds,  n.  the  husks  of  oats. 

Meal's-meat,  n.  meat  enough  for  a  meal. 
A.S.  mwlmete. 

Mealy-mouthed,  adj.  very  particular 
and  cautious  in  speech. 

Mean  (Pr.  of  moan),  v.i.  to  moan  or 
lament.  A  cow,  when  very  ill  and 
moaning,  is  said  to  be  "  meanin  her- 
self." 

Meanin',  n.  an  indication  or  hint. 

Mear,  Pr.  of  more. 

Meat,  n.  victuals,  board.  "  I  get  12s. 
a-week  an'  my  meat,'"  i.e.  my  victuals. 

Meat-heyal,  adj.  having  an  appetite  for 
food. 

Med,  pret.  of  To  make. 

Medcalf,  n.  a  calf's  pluck,  or  heart, 
liver,  and  lungs. 

Meeda,  Pr.  of  meadow. 

Meet,  adj.  even  with  ;  as,  "  I'll  be  meet 
wi'  tha." 

Meeterly,  adv.  tolerably  well,  mode- 
rately. 

Meetin's,  n.  the  meeting  of  two  cur- 
rents of  the  tide  in  Morecambe  Bay, 
often  producing  a  rough  and  dan- 
gerous sea  for  small  craft. 


ME 


MI 


*Jenh'  ]  Corr.  of  make. 
Mek,  ) 

Mek  count  on,  To.  To  reckon  on,  rely 
upon. 

Mek  t'  duer,  To.     To  fasten  the  door. 

Mek  a  hand  on,  To.     To  destroy. 

Mek  suer,  To.     To  put  in  a  safe  place. 

Mek  all  split,  To.  To  act  with  or 
apply  great  violence. 

Melder,  n.  (1)  a  kiln  full  of  oats,  or  as 
many  as  are  ground  at  a  time.  (2)  A 
making  or  grinding  of  meal  for  the 
winter's  stock.  O.N.  meldr,  actus 
molendi. 

Melgreaves,  n.  quicksands.  O.N.  melr, 
a  place  full  of  sand. 

Mell,  v,i.  to  meddle.  O.F.  mesler,  mis- 
cere,  immiscere  ;  to  mix  oneself  up 
in  matters  with  which  he  has  no 
business.     Minsheu,  in  v. 

Mell,  n.  a  mallet  or  large  wooden  ham- 
mer, a  two-handled  hammer.  Lat. 
malleus,  O.N.  melia,  conterere.  To 
get  the  mell  is  to  obtain  a  mallet  in 
prize  ploughing,  as  a  prize  for  the 
worst  ploughing.  Cf.  the  "  wooden 
spoon"  of  the  universities.  The 
mell  is  fixed  upon  the  winner's  (?) 
plbugh,  or  sometimes  stuck  in  the 
piece  of  land  ploughed  by  him.  [The 
origin  of  this  expression  is  obscure, 
and  many  guesses  at  its  derivation 
have  been  made,  all  more  or  less 
unsatisfactory.  The  me^-sheaf  in 
Cleveland  used  to  be  made  of  the 
last  corn  severed  in  winning  the 
harvest,  and  made  of  extra  size,  and 
with  much  care  and  observance.  Ed.] 

Mendment,  n.  amendment. 

Mends,  n.  amends,  recompense,  satis- 
faction, recovery. 

Menfolk,  n.  the  male  population.  S.G. 
manfolk,  viri,  mares. 

Menner,     ) 

Mennard,pammnow- 

Mense,  v.t.  to  grace,  to  ornament,  to 
decorate.  "  Gaa  an'  mense  thysel 
up"  =  Go  and  make  your  toilette. 

Mense,  n.  decency,  propriety,  hospi- 
tality, politeness,  good  manners, 
kindness.  "  He  hez  '  naidher  mense 
nor  sense  "=  He  has  neither  good 
manners  nor  tact.  "For  mense"  — 
For  decency  sake.  O.N.  menska,  hu- 
manitas. 

Menseful,  adj.  polite,  decent,  managing, 
thoughtful. 

Meos,  Pr.  of  mess. 


Meos-pot,  n.  a  mess-pot. 

Mere,  n.  a  lake. 

Mere-stans,  n.  boundary  stones  for 
dividing  separate  holdings  of  land, 
which  were  very  common  before 
fences  were  in  use. 

Merge,  n.  mud,  sludge. 

Merr;/,  n.  the  wild  cherry. 

Merry-begot,  adj.  illegitimate. 

Merry-dancers,  n.  a  name  for  the 
Northern  Lights  or  aurora  borealis. 

Merry-go-round,  n.  a  revolving  ma- 
chine upon  which  children  ride  at 
country  fairs  and  races. 

Merry-neet,  n.  a  rustic  ball,  a  night 
appropriated  to  mirth,  festivity,  and 
various  amusements. 

Mesel,  Pr.  of  myself. 

Mess,  v.t.  to  muddle,  to  bungle. 

Metal,  n.  broken  stones  for  mending 
roads. 

Mew,  pret.  of  To  mow. 

Mezzur,  Pr.  of  measure. 

Mich,  adj.  much. 

Miche,  v.t.  to  cheat  artfully.  ["Shall 
the  blessed  sun  of  heaven  prove  a 
micher,  and  eat  blackberries'?"  Ed.] 

Mich-like,  adj.  much  the  same. 

Mickle,  adj.  much,  great.  A  Lonsdale 
proverb  runs  thus  : 

"  Many  littles  m^ak  a  mickle, 
Many  mickles  meyak  a  mile." 

Middin',  n.  a  dunghill.  "  Cock  o'  th' 
middin"  =  The  principal  person  of  a 
place,  one  who  is  looked  up  to  for  lay- 
ing down  the  law.  A.  S.  midding,  Dan. ' 
modding.  It  is  also  a  contemptuous 
name  for  a  dirty  woman. 

Middin-craa,  n.  the  common  carrion 
crow. 

Middin-pant,  n.  the  filthy  receptacle 
of  the  drainage  of  a  cow-house. 

Middlin',  adj.  (1)  tolerable,  pretty  well 
in  health.  (2)  Not  very  well.  "  I's 
nobbut  middlin." 

Midge,  n.  a  very  small  fly,  a  gnat.  A.S. 
myg,  a  gnat,  Sw.  mygga,  Dan.  myg. 

Midjerum,  n.  the  milt  or  spleen. 

Miff,  n.  displeasure,  ill  humour, 

Miff-maff,  n.  nonsense. 

Mightful,  adj.  full  of  might,  powerful. 

Mihilmass,  Pr.  of  Michaelmas. 

Milder,  n.  oatmeal  when  first  ground, 
with  all  the  dust  and  seeds  together. 
See  Melder. 

Milk-lead,  n.  a  cistern  lined  with  lead, 
used  for  keeping  milk  in. 

Milkness,  n.  the  produce  of  a  dairy. 
55 


MI 


MO 


Miller,  n.  a  large  white  moth. 

Miller,  To  drown  the.  To  put  too 
much  water  in  one's  grog.  The 
origin  of  the  phrase  is  obvious. 

Miller-thoum,  n.  a  small  bird  of  the 
wren  species. 

Millin',  n.  a  beating,  a  drubbing. 

Mind,  v.t.  to  observe,  to  notice  par- 
ticularly, to  regard.  "  Thou  minds 
as  I  wor  gangin  hey  am."  "Mind  ta 
think  on"=Be  careful  thou  remem- 
ber. 

Mingle-mangle,  n.  confusion. 

Mirk,  n.  darkness.  O.N.  myrkr,  tene- 
brse,  A.S.  mire. 

Mirk,  adj.  dark.  O.N.  myrkr,  tene- 
brosus,  obscurus,  A.S.  mire,  Sw.  mork, 
Dan.  mork. 

Mirksome,  adj.  dark. 

Misbehodden,  adj.  disobliging,  offen- 
sive. "  I  niwer  gav  her  a  misbehod- 
den word." 

Miscanter,  n.  a  misadventure. 

Mischeef,  n.  misfortune. 

Miscoe,  Pr.  of  miscall. 

Misconster,  Corr.  of  misconstrue. 

Miserable,  adj.  greedy,  covetous. 

Misfit,  n.  anything  that  does  not  fit  or 
answer. 

Misforten,  n.  a  palliative  term  for  being 
improperly  enceinte. 

Mish-mash,  n.  a  confused  mass,  a  hodge- 
podge. S.G.  misk-mask,  Sw.  misch- 
masch,  hodge-podge. 

Misken,  v.t.  to  be  ignorant  of,  not  to 
know,  to  mistake. 

Mislike,  v.t.  to  dislike.  O.N.  and  Sw. 
mislika,  displicere. 

Mislippen,  v.t.  to  suspect. 

Mismannered,  adj.  unbecoming. 

Missin's,  n.  anything  missing.  "I's 
lukkan  fer  t'  mis8irfs"  =  I  am  looking 
for  the  missing  ones. 

Mistaen,      )     7.      .  ,  -, 

Mistakken,  )  ad><  mistake*- 

Mistress,  n.  a  wife,  the  mistress  of  the 
house. 

Mite,  n.  a  small  worm. 

Mittens,  n.  hedging  gloves,  made  of 
strong  leather. 

Mixen,  n.  a  dunghill. 

Mizzle,  n.  small  rain. 

Moant,  Corr.  of  must  not. 

Moat,  Pr.  of  malt.     See  Maut. 

Moat-cummens,  n.  the  little  beards  or 
shoots  when  malt  begins  to  sprout. 

Moat-kill,  Pr.  of  malt-kiln. 

Mobble,  v.t.  to  pelt  with  stones. 
56 


Moider,  v.t.  to  distract  or  bewilder,  to 
confuse  or  perplex. 

Moil,  v.i.  to  toil  or  labour  very  hard. 

Mollicroy,    )  v.t.  to  kill,  to  kill  within 

Mollicruth,  \      a  little. 

Monny-feet,  n.  (1)  the  millipes.  (2) 
The  creeping  crow-foot  (ranunculus 
repens,  Linn.). 

Mooed,  adj.  crowded,  crammed. 

Mool,  v.t.  to  rumple,  to  disorder. 

Moonleet-flit,  n.  removing  one's  goods 
from  a  house  during  the  night  with- 
out having  paid  the  rent. 

Moored,  adj.  diseased  with  red  water. 

Moor-pou't,  n.  a  young  grouse. 

Moosen,  v.t.  to  guess  by  the  handful. 

Mooter  (Corr.  of  multure),  n.  the  toll 
of  corn  taken  by  the  miller  for  grind- 
ing it.  Fr.  mouture,  grinding,  miller's 
fee. 

Mooter,  v.t.  to  take  toll  of  corn  at  a 
mill,  i.e.  to  appropriate  a  portion  of 
it  for  the  grinding. 

Mop,  n.  a  meeting  or  fair  where  servants 
are  hired. 

Mop,  v.t.  to  look  about  in  a  lively 
noticing  manner ;  said  of  an  infant. 
"  She  mops  about." 

Moreover  than  that :  Besides,  over 
and  above  that. 

Morge,  n.  dirt  in  thin  condition,  sludge. 

Morish,  adj.  causing  an  inclination  or 
appetite  for  more. 

Morn.    See  To-morn. 

Mort,  n.  a  young  salmon. 

Moss,  n.  a  morass,  a  peat  bog. 

Moss.  "  1  can  make  neither  moss  nor 
sand  on  him  =  Make  nothing  of  him. 

Moss-wood,  n.  trunks  and  stumps  of 
trees,  frequently  found  in  morasses. 

Mottey,  n.  talk,  speech,  opinion.  Pro- 
bably a  corr.  of  motto. 

Mottey,  n.  the  mark  at  which  quoits 
are  thrown. 

Moud,  Pr.  of  mould. 

Mou'd-booard,  n.  a  smooth  curved  plate 
of  iron  on  a  plough  to  facilitate  the 
turning  over  of  the  soil  after  it  has 
been  cut  by  the  coulter  and  share. 

Mon'dy,  n.  a  mole-catcher. 

Mou'dy-warp,  n.  a  mole.  O.N.  mold- 
varpa,  talpa,  Dan.  muldvarp,  A.S. 
moldewyrp,  S.G.  mullwcerpel.  [From 
A.S.  weorpan,  to  cast,  O.N.  verpa,  to 
throw  or  heap  up  ;  as,  at  verpa  haug, 
garft,  to  heap  up  a  grave-hill,  a  bank 
or  fence.     Ed.] 

Moul,  v.i.  to  grow  mouldy. 


MO 


NA 


Mouser,  n.  (1)  a  cat.  (2)  A  mouse- 
catcher. 

Mouth-hod  (Pr.  of  mouth-hold),  n. 
plenty  of  grass  for  cattle. 

Mow,  n.  hay  (more  rarely  corn)  stacked 
or  stored  in  a  barn.     AS.  mowe. 

Mow-bornt-hay,  n.  hay  which  has  fer- 
mented in  the  stack. 

Mow- stead,  n.  the  division  or  portion 
of  a  barn  appropriated  to  the  recep- 
tion of  a  stack. 

Muck,  v.t.  (1)  to  manure  land.  (2)  To 
cleanse  out  a  cow-house  or  stable, 
etc.  S.G.  mocka,  stabula  purgare, 
fimum  auferre. 

Muck,  n.  (1)  manure,  dirt.  (2)  A  con- 
temptuous name  for  money. 

Muck-drag,  n.  a  kind  of  fork,  with 
three  prongs  bent  down  at  right 
angles  to  the  handle,  for  pulling 
manure  out  of  a  cart. 

Muck-fork,  n.  a  dung-fork. 

Muck-heap,  n.  (1)  a  dunghill.  (2)  A 
dirty,  untidy  person. 

Muckment,  n.  dirt,  or  anything  worth- 
less.    "  It's  nowt  but  muckment" 

Muck-middin',  n.  a  dunghill. 

Muck-sweat,  n.  excessive  perspiration. 
"  He's  o'  of  a  muck-sweat." 

Mucky,  adj.  dirty,  wet,  rainy.  "It's 
nobbut  mucky  weddher." 

Mucky,  v.t.  to  dirty,  to  soil. 

Mud,  adj.  muddy,  confused,  muddled. 

Mud,  v.  aux.  must,  might. 

Mudder,  (1)  Pr.  of  mother.  (2)  The 
womb.  Sw.  moder,  womb,  A.  S.  moder, 
O.Fris.  moder. 

Muddher,  n.  a  thick  slimy  substance 
for  converting  wine  into  vinegar. 
S.G.  modder,  foex,  spurcities  ista,  quae 
in  fundo  doliorum  residet. 

Muddly,  adj.  thick,  foggy. 

Mue  (Corr.  of  mow),  v.t.  to  make  mouths. 

Muffs,  n.  woollen  gloves  without  sepa- 
rate fingers.  S.G.  muff,  manica  hye- 
malis. 

Mug,  n.  a  fog  or  mist. 

Mug,  n.  a  sheep  without  horns. 

Muggle,  )  v.^.toskulkawayunobserved, 

Miggle,   \      or  by  stealth. 

Muggy,  adj.  close  and  damp,  generally 
applied  to  the  weather. 

Mull,  adj.  the  small  or  dusty  part  of 
turf  or  peat.  Gael,  mul,  "W.  mwlwg, 
sweepings,  Du.  mul,  the  dust  or 
crumbling  of  turf,  N.  Fris.  mull, 
Sw.  mull,  mould,  earth,  dust,  M.G. 
muld. 


Mumchance,  To  sit.  To  sit  lifeless, 
and  without  joining  in  the  conver- 
sation. 

Mummle,  Pr.  of  mumble. 

Mummle,  n.  a  mumbling,  a  murmur. 
Sw.  mummel.  "  He  tokes  o'  of  a  mum- 
mle, yan  can't  tell  what  a  say." 

Mump,  v.i.  to  be  sulky. 

Mump,  v.  t.  to  eat  heartily.  O.N.  mumpa, 
inter  buccas  recipere,  de  voraci  esu 
dicitur. 

Mun,  n.  the  mouth.  "To  maiyak  muns 
at"  is  to  make  mouths  at.  O.Fris. 
mund,  O.N.  munnr,  Sw.  mun,  Dan. 
mund,  M.G.  muns. 

Mun,  v.  aux.  must.  O.N.  mun,  pres. 
ind.  verbi  auxil.  muna. 

Mun-be,  n.  an  unavoidable  event. 

Munce  :  must  I, 

Munnet :  must  not. 

Munt,  '<u.  to  hint  by  signs.  [Probably  a 
form  of  'mint,'  the  more  usual  mean- 
ings of  whicii  are  to  aim^»  intend, 
make  a  show  of  doing  a  thing  ;  whence 
would  follow  the  meaning  given  here. 
Ed.] 

Murgeon,  n.  rubbish,  earth  cut  up  and 
thrown  aside  in  order  to  get  peats. 

Murky,  adj.  obscure,  dark. 

Murl,  v.t.  to  crumble,  to  fall  in  pieces. 

Musk  1  v%t  to  crush  or  crumble- 
Mush,  n.  anything  mashed,  crushed  or 

bruised  refuse. 
Mushmeat,  n.  food  in  a  pulpy  state,  or 

nearly  so. 
Mushment,  n.  the  dusty  refuse  of  any 

dry  substance. 
Muzzle,  v.i.  (1)  to  drink  excessively. 

(2)  To  trifle,  to  skulk. 
Muzzlin',  adj.  trifling,  drinking. 
Muzzy,  adj.  half-drunk,  stupefied  with 

liquor. 

Mysen,  }  m^sel£     See  Mesel. 


N 


Naiva   >  "^r'  °^  n0'     "  ■"■  ^ae  na  brass  " 
Neaf     )      =I  have  no  money- 
Nab,  n.  (1)  a  cant  term  for  the  head. 
(2)  The  summit  of  an  abrupt  eminence 
or  steep  place,  a  height.     S.G.  nabb, 
promontorium. 
Nafflin',  n.  one  almost  an  idiot. 
57 


NA 


NE 


Nag,  v.t.  (1)  to  natter  or  nibble  as  a 
mouse.  (2)  To  be  querulous  and 
sarcastic.  Sw.  nagga,  to  nibble,  to 
peck,  Dan.  nage,  to  gnaw. 

Naggin-pain,  n.  a  slight  but  constant 
and  annoying  pain ;  of  toothache,  etc. 

haggle,  v.t.  to  gnaw. 

Naggy,  adj.  touchy,  irritable,  quarrel- 
some. 

Nawder  (  Pr- of  neither.  See  Nowther. 
Nail,  Thou  can't  say  black's  my.    I 

defy  you  to  impeach  my  integrity. 
Nailer,  n.  a  person  who  makes  or  sells 

nails. 
Nancey-pretty   (Corr.   of    "None    so 

pretty  "),  n.  the  lesser  London  Pride. 
Nanny,  n.  a  goat. 
Nanny -pie,  n.  a  kind  of  oats  ;  perhaps 

from  their  being  partly  black  in  the 

husk,  and  looking  somewhat  like  a 

magpie. 
Nantle^.^.  to  caress,  to  fondle. 
Nap,  a  stroke,  a  blow.     "  I  gev  him  a 

nap"=I  gave  him  a  stroke. 
Nap -at -noon,   n.    the    purple    goat's 

beard  {Trapogon  porrifolius.   Linn.) 

which  expands  its  flowers  only  in  the 

forenoon,  after  which  they  close. 
Nappy,  n.  (1)  fine  ale.     (2)  Toddy. 
Nappy,  adj.  a  little  intoxicated. 
Nar,  adj.  nearer. 
Narmest,  adj.  nearest.     Sw.  narmast, 

nearest,  next. 
Narrst,  adj.  nearest.     O.N.  ncerst. 
Nasty,  adj.  (1)  dirty.    (2)  Ill-tempered, 

disagreeable. 
Natches,  Pr.  of  notches. 
Nater,     )  , 

Nathur,  }  n-  nature- 
Natter.     See  Gnatter. 
Nattercrop,  n.  a  peevish  person. 
Nattered,  adj.  ill-tempered. 
Nattle,  v.i.  to  be  busy  about  trifles. 
Naughty-pack,  n.  an    old    phrase   of 

abuse  ;   but  in  N.  Lonsd.  applied  to 

children  in  a  softer  manner. 
Nay,  v. a.  to  deny. 
Nay-say,  n.  a  refusal. 
Nay-then  ;   a  phrase  implying  doubt, 

disappointment,  or  wonder.     "  Nay- 

then,  if  that  be  t'  keyas  (case),  I'll 

away  "  =  Indeed  !   then  in  that  case 

I  shall  go. 
Neaf,  7v.  the  fist.     O.N.  hnefi,  pugnus, 

Dan.    nceve,    Sw.    nafve,   fist,    hand. 
Neaf,  Double-  n.  the  clenched  fist. 
Neaf -full,  n.  a  handfull. 
58 


Neak,  Pr.  of  nook. 

Neamel,  Corr.  of  nimble. 

Neamly,  Pr.  of  namely. 

Nean,  Pr.  of  noon. 

Neapins,  both  hands  full. 

Near,  adj.  (1)  the  left  side  of  a  horse 
is  usually  termed  the  near  side.  (2) 
Close,  penurious. 

Near-hand,  adv.  almost. 

Nearmer,  adj.  nearer.     Dan.  narmere. 

Nearmest,  adj.  nearest.    Dan.  ncermest. 

Near-scented,  adj.  not  catching  the 
scent  till  too  near. 

Neawhar,  Pr.  of  nowhere. 

Neb,  n.  (1)  the  nose.  (2)  A  bill  or 
beak  of  a  bird.  A.S.  neb,  O.N.  nebbi, 
rostrum  avium. 

Nebber,  Pr.  of  neighbour. 

Necked,  adj.  broken  in  the  neck  ;  ap- 
plied to  corn  beaten  by  wind. 

Nedder,  Pr.  of  nether  ;  as,  "Nedder 
Kellet,"  "Nedder  Wyresdale,"  "Ned- 
der Carke." 

Neddhermer,  adj.  nearer,  lower. 

Neddy,  n.  a  jackass. 

Neese,  v.i.  to  sneeze.  A.S.  niesan, 
O.N.  hnjosa,  Dan.  nyse,  to  sneeze, 
Sw.  nysa,  Du.  niesen, 

Neest,  adj.  nighest. 

Neet,  Pr.  of  night. 

Neet,  n.  (1)  the  egg  of  a  louse.  (2) 
Five  sheaves  of  grain  set  upright. 

Nep,  v.t.     See  Knep. 

Ner,  conj.  nor,  than.  O.Fris.  ner,  nor, 
than. 

Nesh,  adj.  tender,  soft,  delicate,  weak. 
AS.  hnesc,  M.G.  hnasgs. 

Nesht,  Corr.  of  next. 

Nesp,  v.  t.  to  pick  off  the  ends  of  goose- 
berries. 

Nesp,  n.  the  calyx  of  a  gooseberry.  G. 
knospe,  a  bud. 

Ness,  n.  a  promontory.  Sw.  nas,  a  cape, 
a  promontory. 

™;H-tofidsetabout- 

Nestlin',  n.  the  smallest  bird  in  the  nest. 

Nether- side,  n.  the  side  at  which  a 
horse  is  mounted. 

Nettin,  n.  old  urine,  chamber  lye. 
O.Fris.  netten.  - 

Neuk,  Pr.  of  nook. 

New-comes,  n.  strangers  newly  arrived. 

Newel,  n.  a  pillar  of  wood  or  stone  in 
which  the  steps  of  a  winding  stair- 
case terminate. 

New-land,  n,  land  newly  broken  up 
and  ploughed. 


NE 


NTT 


Neyable,  Corr.  of  navel. 

Neyakt,  Pr.  of  naked. 

Neyam,  Pr.  of  name. 

Nibs,  n.  the  small  handles  attached  to 
the  pole  of  a  scythe. 

Nicely,  adv.  well  in  health. 

Nick,  v.t.  (1)  to  deceive,  to  cheat.  (2) 
To  catch  in  the  act. 

Nicked  i'  t'  heead= Crazy. 

Nick-stick,  n.  a  tally  or  stick  notched 
for  reckoning. 

Niffy-naffy,  adj.  insignificant,  trifling. 
"He's  a  niffy-naffy  fellow." 

Nifle,  v.t.  to  steal  articles  of  small  value, 
to  pilfer. 

Niggle,  (1)  v.t.  to  nibble,  to  eat  or  do 
anything  mincingly,  to  haggle  in  a 
bargain.  (2)  v.i.  To  walk  with  short, 
mincing  steps. 

Nigglin',  adj.  contemptible,  mean. 

Nigh,  v.t.  to  approach,  to  touch. 

Nighest-about :  a  term  applied  to  the 
shortest  cut. 

Ninmiel,  Pr.  of  nimble. 

Ning-nang,  n.  a  sorry  jade  of  a  horse. 

Nip,  n.  a  pinch,  a  small  quantity. 

Nip-cheese,  n.  a  miserly  person. 

Nip-fit,  n.  a  tight  fit ;  said  of  any 
garment  that  fits  tightly. 

Nip  up,  v.t.  to  snatch  up  hastily. 

Nirl,  n.  a  knot. 

Nivver,  Corr.  of  never. 

Noah's-arks,  n.  cirrus  clouds,  supposed 
to  resemble  the  ark,  indicating  rain. 
[The  Cleveland  form  of  this  word  is 
Noe-ship,  the  Pro  v.  Sw.  being  Noa- 
skeppet,  where  Noa  is  a  corruption  of 
the  genitive  of  Odin,  who  was  the 
God  of  the  waters  and  weather  gene- 
rally. Thus,  ark  is  a  corruption,  ex- 
tending to  Denmark  as  well  as  over 
much  of  England.  The  Dan.  prov. 
phrase  is  Ar/cen  bygges  (the  ark  is 
built)  ;  in  Clevel.  it  is  said  "JYoe 
ship  's  oopP     Ed.] 

Noan,  Pr.  of  none. 

Nob,  n.  (1)  the  head :  hence  (2)  A 
person  in  a  superior  station  in 
life. 

Nob,  v.t.  to  strike.     See  Nope. 

Nobbut  (Contr.  of  bought  but),  adv. 
only. 

Noddle,  v.i.  (1)  to  be  half  asleep.  (2) 
To  shake  the  head. 

Noddy:  the  name  of  an  old  game  at 
cards,  where  anyone  who  makes  21 
is  called  a  noddy  or  simpleton. 

Noddy,  n.  a  fool. 


Noddy-pate,  n.  a  simpleton. 

No-far,  adv.  not  far,  i.e.  near. 

Noggin,  n.  (1)  a  double  glass  of  spirits. 
(2)  A  small  wooden  kit. 

Noggs,  n.  the  game  of  nine-pins. 

Noggy-wife,  n.  strong  linen  thread. 

Noit,  \  n.  the  time  during  which  a  cow 

Note,  ]      gives  mUk. 

Nooan.     See  Noan. 

Nooat,  Pr.  of  note. 

Nook,  n.  the  fireside,  the  chimney 
corner  in  farm-houses. 

Nope,  n.  a  small  blow.  "  I  gev  him  a 
nope  on  t'  heead." 

Nope,  v.t.  to  give  a  knock. 

Noper,  n.  a  blow  on  the  head.  "  I  gev 
him  a  noper.'" 

Nor,  adv.  than. 

Notch-stick,  n.  a  tally  or  notched  stick. 
See  Nick-stick. 

Nought-at-dow  :  used  adjectively  of 
persons  ;  worthless. 

Nouth,  Pr.  of  north. 

Nows  and  thens,  At.  Occasionally. 
"Nobbut  nows  and  thens"  =  Only 
now  and  then. 

Nowt  (Pr.  of  nought),  adv.  nothing. 
"  He's  noivt  to  me  "  =  Is  no  relation 
to  me.  At  nowt,  on  no  consideration 
whatever.  It  fits  o'  to  nout,  it  fits 
exactly. 

Nowther,  conj.  neither. 

Noyls,  n.  the  refuse  of  wool  and 
silk. 

Nub,  v.t.  to  give  a  hint  or  signal  by  a 
private  touch  with  the  hand,  elbow, 
or  foot. 

Nub,  n.  a  hint  so  given. 

Nuddher,  Corr.  of  another. 

Numb,  adj.  dull,  stupid. 

Nurses,  n.  the  kidneys.  "She  was  weel 
ligged-on  i'  t'  nurses "  =  There  was 
much  fat  about  the  kidneys  ;  said  of 
a  slaughtered  beast.  O.N.  nyra,  a 
kidney,  S.G.  njura.     (Rask,  p.  51.) 

Nuts,  To  fight.  The  nuts  are  threaded 
on  a  string,  and  one  of  them  being 
slipped  to  the  end  of  the  string  is 
laid  on  a  boy's  cap,  when  his  an- 
tagonist, with  another  nut  similarly 
strung  and  slipped  to  the  end,  en- 
deavours to  crack  it  by  a  stroke  with 
his  own.  This  is  done  by  each  boy 
alternately  until  one  of  the  nuts  yields. 
See  Job -nuts. 

Nuzzling,  n.  (1)  spending  time  on  trifles. 
(2)  Nestling. 


59 


OA 


OU 


o 


Oalas,  Pr.  of  always. 

Obbut !  Pr.  of  Oh  but  ! 

Od  swinge,  a  rustic  oath. 

Odd,  adj.  single. 

Odd,  n.  a  small  point  of  land  or  pro- 
montory; as,  "Green  Odd."  N.  Fris. 
odd,  Isl.  oddr,  lingula  terrse. 

OdSeer,'  |  Pr"  of  other« 

Oddments,  n.  trifles,  remnants. 

'Od  drat  it,      ~) 

'Od  rabbet  it,  f  a  species  of  mild  im- 

'Od  rot  it,         f      precation. 

'Od  wite  it,      ) 

Odds,  n.  difference.  "At  odds  " = At  vari- 
ance. 

Od  zoes,  a  veiled  oath — God's  woes. 

Off-at-hooks  (used  as  an  adj.),  out  of 
temper,  or  unwell. 

Off-at-side,  )     ,.  . 

Off-it  \     J' msane* 

Off-come,  n.  a  stranger. 

Off- cummin',  adj.  off- coming. 

Offen,  Pr.  of  often. 

Off-gangin',  adj.  A  word  qualifying 
an  outgoing  tenant's  proportion  of 
the  wheat  crop  of  a  farm,  tilled  for 
and  sown  by  himself,  but  not  reaped 
until  after  he  has  left  the  farm.  See 
Away-going. 

Ofter,  adv.  oftener. 

Oggle,  v.i.  to  stare.  (Probably  a  corr. 
of  ogle). 

O-i-t'-well.  A  game  practised,  at  races 
and  fairs  and  other  places  of  amuse- 
ment, with  three  pegs,  which  are  put 
into  three  circular  holes  made  in  the 
ground,  about  two  feet  apart,  and 
forming  a  triangle.  In  this  case  each 
hole  contains  a  peg  about  two  feet 
long  upon  which  is  deposited  either 
a  small  knife  or  some  copper.  The 
person  playing  gives  so  much  for 
each  stick  he  throws  at  the  pegs, 
and  gets  all  the  articles  that  are 
thrown  off  so  as  to  fall  on  the  out- 
side of  the  holes.  A  game  somewhat 
corresponding  to  that  of  "Aunt  Sally" 
in  the  South. 

Olderman,  Corr.  of  alderman. 

Ole,  Pr.  of  owl. 

Olyet,  n.  an  ey let-hole. 

Ome,  Pr.  of  elm. 

Ommost,  adv.  almost. 

On,  prep.  of.     "  Mek  mich  on  him." 
60 


Onely  (pr.  oanly),  adj.  lonely,  solitary. 

Onnish,  adj.  somewhat  advanced.  "He 
was  on?iish-like  i'  drink." 

Onny,  Pr.  of  any. 

Onny-bit  like.  "  I'll  cum  an  t'  weddher 
be  onny-bit  MJce"=l  will  come  if  the 
weather  be  at  all  decent. 

Onset,  n.  a  dwelling-house  and  out- 
buildings. 

Onst  (pr.  wonst),  adv.  once. 

Oo,  pron.  he,  she. 

Ooath,  Pr.  of  oath. 

Ooavl  (Corr.  of  hovel  or  huwil),  n.  a 
finger-poke.  [The  word  hovel  (huwil 
or  hufne)  in  Cleveland  is  a  diminu- 
tive from  O.E.  how,  howve,  hoove,  a 
hood.     Ed.] 

Ooer  (Corr.  of  ower  for  over),  adj.  upper. 

Ooerlive,      )  (Pr.  of  over-live),  v.t.  to 

Owerleeve,  ]      outlive.  0.  Fris.  urliva. 

Oon,  n.  an  oven.     S.G.  ugn. 

Oostan,  Pr.  of  Ulverston. 

Oozle  (Pr.  of  ouzel),  n.  a  blackbird. 
A.S.  osle. 

Oppen,  Pr.  of  open. 

Oration,  n.  noise,  uproar. 

Orchen  (Pr.  of  urchin),  n.  a  hedgehog. 

Orchet,  Corr.  of  orchard. 

Orled,  adj.  not  thriving. 

Ornary,  Corr.  of  ordinary. 

Orts,  n.  the  refuse  of  hay  left  in  the 
stall  by  cattle.  [Cf.  Jutland,  orred, 
orret,  the  remnants  of  fodder  wasted 
or  rejected  by  the  cattle ;  other  Dan. 
prov.  forms  being  ort,  ovret,  or  owed. 
Ed.] 

Oss,  v.i.  and  t.  to  try,  to  offer,  begin, 
attempt,  or  set  about  anything.  "He 
nivver  osses"=He  never  makes  the 
attempt.  W.  osi,  to  offer  to  do,  to 
attempt. 

Other,  conj.  either. 

Othergates,  adv.  otherwise. 

Othersome,  adj.  others. 

Ouer,  prep,  over,  above,  beyond.  u0uer 
and  aboon  "  =  Over  and  above. 

Ouergit,  v.t.  to  overtake. 

Ouer-welted,  adj.  overturned.  AS. 
ofer,  over,  and  wealtian,  to  roll. 

Ouer-year,  adj.  over-year  ;  as,  "An 
ouer-year  ham"=A  ham  of  last  year. 
Du.  overjarigh,  above  a  year. 

Ought,  n.  anything. 

Oumer,  v.t.  to  shadow.  Fr.  ombrer,  to 
shadow,  to  shade,  Lat.  umbra. 

Ousen,  n.  oxen. 

Out'  AU-  |  adv'  Mlj>  comPletel7- 


ou 


PA 


Out,      )  -pi 

Outin'   (  n'  an  excursi0n  °f  pleasure. 

Outbreck  (Pr.  of  outbreak),  n.  a  crop- 
ping out.  When  a  vein  of  coal,  free- 
stone, etc.  appears  on  the  surface  it 
is  called  an  outbreck. 

Outeu,  adv.  out  of  doors. 

Out -louse,  n.  the  privilege  of  turning 
out  cattle  on  a  common. 

Out-o-heart,  adj.  out  of  condition  ;  of 
land. 

Outrake,  n.  a  free  passage  for  sheep 
from  enclosed  land  to  an  open  com- 
mon. 

Outs,  To  be  at.  To  be  in  a  state  of 
variance  with  any. 

Outshot,  n.  a  projection,  a  lean-to. 

Outside,  adj.  solitary,  retired,  lonely. 

Overseen,  adj.  tipsy. 

Ower-t'-hip,  To  have  one  over  =  To 
have  the  upper  hand  of  him.  (Origin- 
ally a  term  in  wrestling). 

Owler,  Corr.  of  alder. 

Owts,  n.  any  considerable  quantity. 
"  Hez  ta  owts  on  it  ? "  =  Have  you 
any  considerable  quantity  of  it  1 
Simply  a  corruption  of  ought. 


Pace-eggs,  n.  eggs  boiled  hard  and 
dyed  or  stained  various  colours,  given 
to  children  at  the  time  of  Easter. 

Pack,  n.  (1)  a  heap  or  quantity.  (2)  A 
pedlar's  bundle.  (3)  A  flock  of  cer- 
tain animals. 

Pack,  v.i.  to  collect  together  as  birds 
do  in  flocks. 

Packman,  n.  a  pedlar. 

Packneedle,  n.  a  very  small  eel ;  which 
somewhat  resembles  the  instrument 
so  called. 

Pack-rag-day,  n.  the  last  day  of  a  fair, 
when  clothiers,  etc.  pack  up  their 
remnants. 

Pack-thread,  To  talk = To  talk  non- 
sense. 

Packway,  n.  a  narrow  paved  way,  by 
which  goods  could  be  conveyed  only 
on  pack-horses. 

Packy,  adj.  heavy  with  clouds  packed 
together  ;  thus  they  say  before  a 
thunderstorm,  "It  luks packy" 

Pad,  v.t.  to  make  a  path  by  walking  on 
an  untracked  surface. 

Pad,  n.  (1)  a  sort  of  saddle  on  which 
country  market   women    commonly 


ride,  different  both  from  the  pack- 
saddle  and  the  side-saddle,  of  a  clumsy 
make,  and  padded  and  quilted.  Used 
likewise  by  millers  and  malsters.  (2) 
A  path.  A.S.  paad,  0.  Fris.  pad,  Du. 
padt,  a  path. 

Paddle,  (1)  v.i.  to  make  short  steps  in 
walking.  (2)  v.t.  To  support  a  child 
as  yet  unable  to  walk,  so  as  to  aid  it 
in  its  attemps  to  use  its  feet. 

Paddock,  n.  a  toad.  AS.  pad,  a  toad, 
O.N.  padda,  rana,  Du.  padda,  Sw. 
padda,  Dan.  padde. 

Paddock-speyan,  n.  the  spawn  of  the 
toad.  [padde-stoel. 

Paddock-steyal,  n.  a  toad-stool.     Du. 

Pad-rooad,  n.  a  footpath. 

Pair-of-stairs,  n.  a  flight  of  stairs. 

Paise,  v.i.  to  walk  about  leisurely,  or 
lazily.  [In  Clevel.  the  iovm.  plsling 
(pr.  pahsling),  and  meaning  saunter- 
ing, lounging  about  lazily  or  heavily, 
occurs,  which  I  collate  with  the  nearly 
synonymous  Prov.  Sw.  pisla,  and 
pislig,  poorly,  indisposed.  No  doubt 
eventually  referrible  to  a  common 
source  with  A.S.  pise,  pislic,  heavy. 
Ed.] 

Pakky,  n.  a  small  or  young  eel,  some- 
times called  a  packneedle. 

Pan,  v.i.  (1)  to  fit  or  tally.  (2)  To  frame 
or  offer  as  a  learner. 

Panches  (a  form  of  paunches),  n.  tripe. 

Pannage,  n.  (1)  the  mast  of  the  oak 
and  beech  which  swine  feed  on  in 
the  woods.  (2)  The  right  of  turning 
out  hogs  to  feed  on  mast  in  woods. 

Panter,  n.  a  snare  for  birds,  made  of 
hair. 

Pappy,  n.  (1)  the  female  breast.  (2) 
The  nipple  of  the  same.  (3)  A 
mother's  milk. 

Par,  Pr.  of  pair. 

Pare,  v.i.  to  go  off,  to  get  worse.  "T' 
compares  fearfully." 

Parget,  v.t.  to  plaister  or  whitewash. 

Paring,  n.  injury,  corruption. 

Parkin,  n.  a  sort  of  cake  made  of  oat- 
meal and  treacle. 

Parlish  (Corr.  of  perilous),  adv.  exceed- 
ingly ;  as,  "Parlish  rich." 

Parrock,  n.  a  small  field  for  calves,  etc. 
A.S.  parruc  or pearroc. 

Parsel,  n.  parsley. 

Pash,  v.t.  (1)  to  strike  with  violence  so 
as  to  break  to  pieces.  (2)  To  walk 
or  trudge  about.  "  He's  olas  pashin 
about." 

61 


PA 


PE 


Pash,  n,  a  heavy  shower. 

Pashy,  adj.  wet,  rainy  ;  as,  "pashy 
weather:"  also  dirty;  as,  "  A  pashy 
road." 

Patrick,  Corr.  of  partridge. 

Pattle,  v.t.  to  pat  gently  with  the  hand. 

Pattle,  n.  a  small  sharp  spade  to  edge 
sods  with,  or  clean  ploughs. 

Pauk,  v.i.  to  go  about  awkwardly  or 
slowly. 

Pauky,  adj.  inquisitive. 

Pauling  (Corr.  of  tarpaulin),  n.  a  cover- 
ing for  a  cart  or  waggon. 

Paum,  Pr.  of  palm. 

Paums,  w.  the  catkins  of  the  willow. 

Paum- Sunday,  n.  the  Sunday  before 
Easter. 

Paup,  v.  i.  "T&paup  about "  =  To  walk 
about  meaninglessly. 

Pawt,  v.i.  to  potter,  to  do  work  in  an 
idle,  slovenly  way. 

Pea-swad,  )  -, 

Pey-swad,  |  ^  pea-pod. 

Peaking,  adj.  prying. 

Peakish,  adj.  simple,  rude. 

Peal,  n.  a  noise  or  uproar. 

Pean,  v.t.  to  strike  or  beat. 

Pearching,  adj.  cold,  penetrating,  pinch- 
ing. 

Peark,  v.i.  to  peep,  to  pry  inquisitively. 

Pearkers,  w.  young  rooks  able  to  perch. 
A  form  of  'perchers.' 

Peddle,  w.  light  and  easy  employment ; 
as,  "It  would  be  a  nice  peddle  for 
him  "= Employment  without  much 
labour,  suited  to  one  not  capable  of 
much  exertion. 

Peddle,  v.t.  to  do  anything  slightly,  to 
trifle,  to  do  work  ineffectually. 

Pedlar' s-basket,  w.  a  name  for  the  ivy- 
leaved  snapdragon  {Antirrhinum  cym- 
ballaria,  Linn.). 

Pee,  v.i.  to  look  with  one  eye,  to  squint, 
to  take  aim. 

Peed,  adj.  blind  of  one  eye. 

Peeping-hide,  n.  a  nursery  pastime,  in 
which  the  child  is  amused  by  the 
alternate  hiding  and  exposure  of  the 
face. 

Peerk,  v.i.  to  walk  consequentially. 

Peert,  adj.  brisk,  lively. 

Peevish,  adj.  (1)  cunning.  (2)  Cross, 
crusty. 

Peewit :  a  shout  or  cry  of  "  peewit " 
made  use  of  by  boys  in  the  game  of 
"  Hounds  and  hare  : " — 

"  Hark  in  t'  hollow, 
T'  dogs  waint  follow, 
If  t'  yar  dus'nt  cry  Peewit." 
62 


Peg,  (1)  v.i.  to  move  briskly.  (2)  v.t.  To. 
beat. 

Peggy,  n.  a  simpleton. 

Peil,  v.t.  and  i.  (1)  to  trouble,  to  harass. 
(2)  To  be  actively  or  energetically 
moving  or  working. 

Peimealston,  n.  a  granite  boulder-stone. 

Pelk,  v.t.  to  beat,  to  thrash. 

Pell,  n.  a  heavy  shower  of  rain  or  hail, 
with  strong  wind. 

Pelse,  n.  (1)  trash,  refuse,  vile  stuff. 
(2)  A  mean,  worthless  person. 

Pelt,  n.  a  skin  with  the  fur  on. 

Pelt,  n.  (1)  a  blow  or  stroke.  (2)  A 
rage  or  passion. 

Pelter,  n.  anything  large. 

Pelter,  v.t.  to  batter,  to  beat. 

Pen,  n.  the  root  of  a  feather. 

Pen.  This  word  is  said  to  be  of  Phoe- 
nician extraction,  and  signifies  head 
or  eminence.  We  have  many  names 
in  Cornwall,  Wales,  and  Cumberland 
which  begin  with  pen: — Pen- wort- 
ham,  Pew-court,  Pen-dock,  Pew-dre, 
Pew-hill,  Pew-man  Maur,  Pew-ning- 
ton  in  Furness,  Pew-y-gent,  Pew-ryth, 
Pew-ryn,  Pew-zance,  Pew -ruddock, 
Pew-dragon,  Pew-domer,  Pew-ning- 
ham  (Wigton),  Pe^-brook,  Pew-den, 
Pew-cher,  Pew-coyd,  Pew-comb,  Pew- 
creek,  Pew-nicuik,  Pew-nister  (York), 
Pew-denelow,  Pew-dennis,  Pew-den- 
nock  Point,  Pew-dle-hill,  Pew-dle 
Forest,  Pew-dleton. 

Penfeddher,  w.  (1)  a  word  descriptive  of 
the  state  of  young  birds  before  the 
feathers  have  become  developed.  (2) 
A  term  applied  to  a  horse  whose  hair 
is  rough. 

Pent'us,  (Pr.  of  penthouse),  w.  the  part 
of  a  roof  which  projects  over  the 
outer  wall  of  a  house,  and  sometimes 
sufficiently  wide  to  walk  under  ;  also 
an  open  shed  or  projection  over  a 
door.     W.  penty,  a  penthouse. 

Pepper,  v.t.  (1)  to  rate  or  scold.  (2) 
To  beat,  to  thrash. 

Penal,  w,  three  cards  of  the  same 
number.     Corr.  of  pair  royal. 

Perished,  adj.  starved  with  cold. 

Perk,  v.t.  to  start  up,  to  grow  brisk. 
W.  perc,  compact,  trim,  lively. 

Perky,  adj.  saucy. 

Pern,  v.  i.to  over-roast  or  dry, to  shrivel  up. 

Pesterment,  w.  embarassment. 

Pet,  n.  (1)  an  angry  mood.  "  She  tuk  th' 
pet  an  wodn't  cum."  (2)  A  cade  or 
house  lamb. 


PE 


PI 


Pet-lip,  n.  a  hanging  lip. 

Pett,  adj.  petted. 

Petted,  adj.  indulged,  spoilt. 

Pettish,  adj.  passionate,  ill-humoured, 
cross. 

Petties,  n.  low  or  mean  grammar 
scholars.  The  lower  scholars  at  Cart- 
mel  school  were  formerly  so  called. 

Pettle,  v.i.  to  coax,  to  play  with,  to  trifle. 

Pettlement,  n.  easy,  trifling  jobs  of  work. 

Pettling,  adj.  trifling. 

Peyl,  v.t.  (1)  to  weary.  (2)  To  beat. 
See  Peil. 

Piannet,  n.  (1)  a  magpie.  M.  piednat, 
a  magpie,  W.pioden.     (2)  A  peony. 

Pick,  n.  pitch.  "  It's  as  dark  as  pick." 
W.  pyg,  pitch,  Gael,  pic,  M.  pick, 
A.S.  pic,  O.Fris.  pik,  Du.  pick,  Finn. 
pihka. 

Pick,  n.  a  sharp-pointed  mason's  tool 
for  facing  limestone. 

Pick,  v.t.  (1)  to  fling  or  pitch,  to  push 
suddenly.  (2)  To  cast  a  calf ;  as, 
"T'  cow's  picked  her  coaf."  (3)  To 
glean  corn. 

Pick-dark,  adj.  quite  or  pitch  dark. 

Picker,  n.  the  man  who  pitches  corn  or 
hay  up  on  to  the  waggon. 

Pickfork,  )  n.  a  pitchfork.     Dan.  pik, 

Piksfork,  ]      a  pike. 

Pickle,  n.  a  small  quantity. 

Pickle,  v.  t.  to  soak  wheat. 

Picks,  n.  pi.  diamonds  at  cards.  Pro- 
bably from  their  two  sharp  points 
resembling  a  limestone  pick. 

Pick  up,  v.i.  to  vomit. 

Piddle,  v.i.  to  go  about  pretending  to 
work,  but  doing  little  or  nothing. 

Pie,  To  make  a.  To  combine  in  order 
to  make  money. 

Piece,  n.  (1)  a  field  or  enclosure.  (2) 
A  little  while. 

Pienanny,  n.  a  magpie. 

Pig-cote,  n.  a  pig-sty. 

Piggin,  n.  a  small  wooden  vessel  made 
in  the  manner  of  a  half  barrel,  and 
having  one  stave  longer  than  the 
rest  for  a  handle.  W.picyn,  a  wooden 
vessel  hooped. 

Pig-hull,  n.  a  pig-sty. 

Pignut,  n.  the  earthnut.  {Bunium 
Jlexuosum). 

Pigtail,  n.  a  farthing  candle. 

Pike,  v.t.  to  pick. 

Pike,  n.  (1)  the  summit  of  a  rocky 
mountain  ;  as  Stickle  Pike,  near 
Broughton,  in  Furness.  (2)  A  large 
cock  of  hay.     Dan.  pik. 


Pike,  n.  a  hay-fork,  a  pitch-fork. 
Piked,  adj.  pointed. 

Pikelin  \  n'  a  sort  of  muffin- 

Pile,  n.  (1)  a  blade  of  grass.  (2)  The 
head  of  an  arrow.  M.  pyle,  a  sharp- 
pointed  iron  ferule  on  an  arrow,  O.N. 
pila,  sagitta,  pilum,  Sw.  pil,  arrow, 
bolt,  shaft,  Dan.  pil,  id.  (3)  A  small 
tower. 

Pile,  Cross  and,  Cross  and  Poll,  Cross 
and  Head.  On  early  pennies  the 
obverse  had  the  king's  head  on  it, 
and  on  the  reverse  was  a  cross.  At 
this  cross  the  penny  for  change  was 
often  cut  into  four  farthings. 

Pill-gill,  n.  a  raree  show. 

Pin,  On  the.     On  the  qui  vive. 

Pin,  In  a  merry.    In  a  merry  humour. 

Pin,  v.t.  (1)  to  do  a  thing  in  haste.  (2) 
To  fasten  down,  to  secure.  "VHpin 
him  "= I'll  secure  him. 

Pinch,  v.t.  to  plait  linen. 

Pinch,  n.  the  game  of  pitch-halfpenny, 
or  pitch-and-hustle. 

Pinder,  v.t.  to  scorch,  to  shrivel  up 
by  the  action  of  fire. 

Pine,  v.t.  to  hunger,  to  famish.  A.S. 
pinan,  to  grow  lean. 

Pinfold,  n.  a  pound  for  cattle. 

Pink,  n.  a  young  salmon. 

Pink,  v.t.  to  strike  a  blow  at  the  eyes. 

Pink  of  a  fellow,  A= An  extraordinary 
character. 

Pinnel,  n.  hard  clayey  gravel. 

Pipe,  v.t.  to  cry,  to  whimper,  to  whine. 
Sw.  pipa,  to  pipe,  whine,  cry,  Dan. 
pibe. 

Pipe -stopper,  n.  a  broken  piece  of  a 
clay  tobacco  pipe. 

Pipin',  n.  the  noise  made  by  bees  pre- 
paratory to  swarming, 

Pippin,  n.  (1)  the  seed  of  an  apple.  (2) 
A  species  of  apple  which  contains  a 
large  core. 

Pips,  7o.  the  flowers  of  cowslips  used 
in  making  cowslip  wine. 

Pirn,  n.  a  stick  with  a  loop  of  cord  for 
twisting  on  the  nose  of  a  refractory 
horse . 

Pirned,  adj.  dried  up,  pined. 

Pirns,  n.  a  kind  of  ring  for  a  vicious 
cow's  nose. 

Pirty,  Corr.  of  pretty. 

Pismire,  n,  an  ant.  S.G.  myra,  formica, 
A.S.  myra,  Du.  pismeire,  an  ant. 

Pissibed,  n.  the  dandelion.     D\i.pisse- 
bedde,  Fr.  pissenlit,  dandelion . 
63 


PI 


PR 


Pitch,  v.t.  to  pave  roughly. 

Pitched,  adj.  of  cheese  exposed  at  fairs 

or  markets  by  the  dairy  and  not  by 

sample.     "To  pitch  a  dairy"    is  to 

carry  the  whole  to  the  market  or  fair 

at  once. 
Pitcher,  n.  the  man  who  lifts  or  pitches 

the  reaped  corn  or  hay  up  on  the 

waggon. 
Pith,  n.  force,  strength,  might. 
Pit-steeads,  n.  circular  places  in  coppice 

wood,  where  charcoal  has  been  made. 
Pitted,  adj.  matched. 
Plack,  n.  a  piece  of  money. 
Plantin',  n.  a  plantation.  [dabble. 

Plash,  n.    a   puddle.      Sw,  plaska,   to 
Plash,  v.t.  to  cut  (hedges). 
Plat,  n.  (1)  a  long  heap  of  hay.     (2)  A 

small  foot-bridge. 
Play-sharp  :  be  quick. 
Plean  (Pr.   of  plain),  v.t.  to  tell  tales 

against,  to  complain  fretfully.     Fr. 

se  plaindre,  to  complain,  to  lament. 
Plean,  n.  a  tell-tale. 
Pleanin',  adj.  complaining. 
Plea'nipie,  n.  a  tale-bearer. 
Please,  v.t.  to  satisfy,  to  pay. 
Pletts,  n.  plaits. 
Plightly,  adv.  diligently. 
Plish,  v.t.  (1)  to  blister.     (2)  To  excite 

the  redness  in  the  skin  which  pre- 
cedes a  blister. 
Ploo-suck,  n.  a  ploughshare. 
Plop,  n.  the  noise  of  anything  falling 

into  water.     Gael,  plab,  a  soft  noise, 

as  of  a  body  falling  into  water, 
Pluck,  n.  the  heart,  liver  and  lungs  of 

an  animal. 
Pluckin',  n.  the  worsted  plucked  from 

the  machine  while  the  wheel  turns. 
Plug,  v.t.  to  pull  (as  the  hair).     S.G. 

plocka,  vellere. 
Plum,  adj.  upright,  perpendicular.  Plum 

down. 
Plump,  adv.  exactly,  directly.    "Plump 

up  "  =  Up  to  the  mark. 
Poached,  adj.  of  land  trodden  by  cattle 

when  in  a  wet  state. 
Poachin',  adj.  swampy. 

Po  oboes,  |  n-  Porridge— a  child's  term- 

Pock-arr,  n.  a  pock-mark. 

Pock-arred,       \  adj.  marked  with  the 

Pock-marked,  )      small-pox. 

Pock-mark,  n,  a  scar  left  by  the  small- 
pox.    A.  S.  poc,  a  pock,  a  pustule. 

Pod,  n.  a   foot  —  generally  a   child's. 
" Put  down  thi  lile pod" 
64 


Pod,  v.t.  to  shoot  a  marble  unfairly  by 

jerking  the  hand. 
Poddinger,  n.  a  coarse  earthenware  pot 

with  a  handle,  used  for  eating  por- 
ridge from. 
Poddish,   Corr.  of  porridge.     "  Seyav 

thee  wind  to  cool  thee  poddish ; "  a 

saucy  phrase.     M.  poddash,  potage. 
Poddish-pot,  n.  the  same  as  Poddinger. 
Point,  v.t.  to  fill  up  the  joints  of  a  wall 

with  mortar. 
Point  the  earth,  To.  To  put  down  one's 

foot  to  the  ground. 
Pointer,  n.  a  guide-post. 
Poke,  n.  a  bag  or  sack. 
Poky,  adj.  inquisitive. 
Polled-cow,  n.  a  cow  without  horns. 
Poo,  Pr.  of  pull. 
Pook,  n.  the  belly,  the  stomach. 
Poortmantle,  n.  a  bag  for  a  cloak  or 

mantle,  a  portmanteau. 
Popple,  v.i.  to  bubble  up. 
Porfle,  v.t.  to  hoard,  to  save. 
Porker,  n.  a  young  hog  fatted  for  the 

purpose  of  being  eaten  fresh. 
Porriwinkles,  Corr.  of  periwinkles. 
Portapin,  n.  a  teetotum. 
Poss,  v.t.  to  dash  or  shake   anything 

forcibly  in  the  water. 
Possy  (Pr.  of  Pursy),  adj.  thick,  short, 

fat. 
Pot-crate,  n.  a  large  open  basket  to 

carry  crockery  in. 
Pote,  n.  a  small  stroke  on  the  head. 
Pots,  11.  crockery. 

Potscar,      )  n.  a  potsherd  or  piece  of 
Pot-share,  )     broken  pottery. 
Potter,  ii.  a  hawker  of  earthenware. 
Potter,  v.t.  to  poke. 
Pottery-ware,  n.  earthenware. 
Pottiker,  n.  an  apothecary. 
Pouk,  11.  a  pimple  or  blister. 
Pou't  (Pr.  of  poult),  n.  a  young  bird. 
Pow,  11.  the  poll  or  head. 
Pow,  v.t.  to  cut  the  hair  of  the  head. 
Powder,  v.i.  to  bustle,  to  hasten. 
Powdered,  p.p.  sprinkled    over.     "A 

garment  powdered  with  purple  studs." 
Powse,  n.  dirt,  refuse,  ofi'al.    W.  ptis, 

what  is  expelled. 
Powsement,  n,  refuse,  lumber. 
Pox,  11.  the  small-pox. 
Prattle -basket,  n.  a  prattling  child. 
Prayed-for,  p.p.  churched.   Sometimes 

said  ironically  of    parties   asked  in 

church. 
Preachment,  n.  a  sermon. 
Prease,  n.  (1)  choice.     (2)  Invitation. 


PR 


PY 


Prease,  v.t.  to  invite,  to  press.  "  Ye'll 
need  na  preasin  "=  You  will  need  no 
invitation. 

Prent,  Pr.  of  print. 

Prick,  v.t.  to  trace  a  hare's  footsteps. 

Pricker,  n.  (1)  a  sprig-bit  or  carpenter's 
awl.  (2)  Any  sharp-pointed  instru- 
ment. 

Prickin's,  n.  the  footsteps  of  a  hare. 

Prickle,  v.t.  to  prick. 

Prick-louse,  n.  a  nickname  for  a  tailor. 

Prick-lugged,  adj.  having  erect  ears. 

Prickly-back,  n.  the  stickleback. 

Pride  o'  t'  weddher.  Fineness  of  the 
weather.  "  It's  nobbut  t'  pride  o'  f 
weddker;"  said  of  the  weather  during 
a  few  drops  of  summer  rain. 

Primed,  adj.  exhilarated  with  liquor. 

Princy-cock,  n.  a  dandified,  conceited 
young  fellow. 

Print,  n.  the  mark  made  by  the  foot  of 
a  fox. 

Prise,  n.  a  lever,  a  purchase  obtained 
by  leverage. 

Prise,  v.t.  to  employ  leverage  on  any 
object ;  as,  "  To  prise  open  a  box." 

Proas,  n.  talk,  conversation  of  a  gos- 
siping order.  [Pross  is  the  usual 
form.     Ed.] 

Prod,  n.  any  sharp-pointed  instrument. 
Dan.  prod. 

Prod,  v.t.  to  thrust,  to  poke,  or  push. 

Proddle,  v.t.  (1)  to  thrust.  (2)  To  make 
holes. 

Pross,  v.i.  to  look  big  and  of  consequence. 

Prossin',  adj.  bumptious. 

Prossy,  adj.  consequential-looking. 

Prou,  interj.  a  call  to  cattle  when  loiter- 
ing to  urge  them  to  go  faster. 

Proud,  adj.  (1)  luxuriant.  "T'  field's 
gay  proud  "  =  In  good  condition.  (2) 
Full,  high.  "  That  joint's  too  proud" 
=  Too  full  or  prominent ;  said  of 
mares.  (3)  Swelling.  (4)  Maris  ap- 
petens. 

Prouk,  v.t.  to  decorate,  to  dress  in  a 
showy,  affected  manner, 

Prouler,  n.  a  thief. 

Proven  [a  form  of  Provand,  O.E.  pro- 
vende,  from  Lat.  prmbendum,  Ed.],  n. 
provender,  provision. 

Prow,  v.t.  to  dig  or  throw  up  mould,  to 
root  amongst  anything. 

Pubble,  adj.  plump,  full ;  spoken  of 
corn  or  fruit. 

Pudder,  n.  confusion,  bother. 

Pudding-kite,  n.  a  young  bird  just  out 
of  the  shell. 


Puddins,  n.  the  intestines. 

Pudgy,  adj.  short  and  stout. 

Pug-feyaced,  adj.  monkey-faced. 

Puke,  n.  an  emetic. 

Pum,  v.t.  to  beat  or  thump.  "Pum  him 
weel,  he  desarves  it." 

Pumhead,  n.  (1)  a  sort  of  limber-handled 
bat  to  strike  the  knor  in  the  game 
Spell  and  knor.  (2)  A  stupid  fellow, 
a  blockhead.  "  Thou  girt  pumheyad? 

Pummer,  n.  anything  big  or  large. 
"Eeh,  what  a,  pummer." 

Pump,  v.i.  pedere. 

Pump,  n.  crepitus  ventris. 

Punch,  v.t.  to  kick  with  the  feet. 

Punch,  n.  a  hard  kick  with  the  foot. 

Punfaad  (Corr.  of  pinfold),  n.  a  pound 
for  cattle. 

Piirdy,  n.  a  short,  broad,  fat  person. 

Purely,  adj.  hearty,  nicely,  quite  well. 

Purtenance,  n.  an  animal's  intestines. 

Push-pin,  n.  a  name  for  a  child's  play, 
in  which  pins  are  pushed  with  an 
endeavour  to  cross  them. 

Pussomed,  p.p.  poisoned. 

Put,  n.  a  game  at  cards. 

Put,  v.t.  to  push  or  butt  with  the  horns, 
as  cattle  do.  W.  pwtiaw,  to  poke  or 
thrust  against,  Gael,  put,  push  or 
thrust,  M.  puth,  to  push,  Fin.  pusken, 
cornibus  peto  vel  ferio,  ut  taurus. 
^if  }\i  meputtest  in  >et  e?e  (if  thou 
thrustest  me  in  the  eye)  occurs  in 
Old  English  Homilies  (E.E.T.S.)  at 
p.  15.     Ed.] 

Put  about,  To.  To  give  trouble  or 
concern  to,  to  teaze  or  worry. 

Put  on,  To.  To  manage  or  contrive  a 
subsistence. 

Putre,  v.i.  to  cry,  to  whimper. 

Putt  en,  p.p.  of  To  put. 

Putter,  n.  a  butting  cow  or  bull.  Gael. 
putair,  one  who  pushes.    See  Put. 

Putt ey- cow,  n.  a  butting  cow. 

Puttin'-on,  n.  a  bare  state  of  existence. 
"  If  a  can  but  addle  his  cleyaz  and 
keep,  it'll  be  a puttin-on"  =  If  he  can 
earn  no  more  than  his  clothes  and 
his  food  it  will  support  him  :  until 
he  can  obtain  some  better  situation, 
say. 

Puzzen,  Corr.  of  poison. 

Puzzum,  n.  poison. 

Puzzum,  v.t.  to  poison. 

Puzzumful,  adj.  poisonous. 

Pyche,  n.  a  beehive. 

Pymag,  n.  a  magpie. 


65 


QU 


RA 


Quag,  n.  a  bog  or  quagmire. 

Quail,  v.i.  to  fail,  to  fall  sick,  to  faint. 

Quake,  n.  tremor,  fear,  trembling. 

Quality-  j  gj£k  j  n.  gentry. 

Quarrel.     See  Wharrel. 

Quarl,  Pr.  of  quarrel. 

Quarrier,  n.  a  worker  at  a  quarry. 

Querk,  n.  a  moulding  in  joinery. 

Querk,  v.t.  to  cheat,  to  over-reach. 

Quern,  n.  a  hand-mill  for  grinding  corn. 

Quiet,  adj.  gentlemanly. 

Quieten,  v.t.  to  make  quiet,  to  soothe. 

Quilt,  v.t.  to  beat. 

Quit,  v.t.  to  give  notice  to  quit,  to  re- 
move by  force.  "I'll  quit  him"=I 
will  get  rid  of  him. 

Quite  better,  entirely  recovered. 

Quod,  v.i.  to  fish  for  eels  with  worms 
tied  on  worsted. 


R 


Ra,  Pr.  of  roe,  the  species  of  deer. 

Raa,  Pr.  of  row,  a  rank  or  line. 

Raa,  Pr.  of  raw.  Cf.  Dan.  raa,  raw, 
crude. 

Raan-tree,  )  n.  the  mountain  ash.  (Sor- 

Roan-tree,  ]      bus  aucuparia,  Linn.). 

Rabbet,  v.t.  When  two  boards,  cut  on 
the  edges  with  a  rabbet  plane,  are 
lapped  with  the  edges  one  over 
another,  this  lapping  over  is  called 
rabbeting.  (Quoted  from  Halliwell). 
O.Fr.  raboter,  to  plane,  level,  or  lay 
even,  to  smooth. 

Rabble,  v.i.  (1)  to  talk  rapidly  or  con- 
fusedly. Du.  rabbelen,  to  chatter,  to 
trifle.  (2)  In  sewing,  to  take  too 
long  stitches,  and  without  due  care 
to  finish  the  work  neatly. 

Rabblement,  n.  a  low  mob. 

Rabblin',  adj.  winding,  irregular,  zig- 
zag. "A  lang  rabblin'  looan  or  vil- 
lage'^ A  long  uneven  lane  or  village 
with  irregularly- built  houses. 

Race,  n.  a  small  stream,  a  mill-lead. 

Rack,  n.  the  clouds  driven  along  by 
the  wind. 

Rack  of  eye,  To  work  by.  To  be 
guided  by  the  eye  in  the  execution 
of  work  done. 

Racken,  Corr.  of  reckon. 

Racken-creak,  n.  a  crook  to  hang  on 
a  fire-crane  for    hanging  pots   and 
pans  on. 
66 


Rackle,  n.  noisy  talk. 

Rackle,  adj.  rude,  unruly,  unmanage- 
able, lecherous. 

Rackless.     A  form  of  reckless. 

Raddle,  v.t.  to  wattle,  as  thorns  for  a 
staff  and  band  hedge. 

Raddle,  v.t.  to  banter. 

Raddles,  n.  long  pieces  of  underwood 
twisted  between  upright  stakes  to 
form  a  fence. 

Raddling,  n.  wattling.  M.  radling, 
pales,  railing. 

Raff,  n.  scum,  refuse. 

Raff,  adj.  idle,  dissolute. 

Raffles,  n.  plays  with  dice.  0.  Fr.  raffle, 
a  game  with  three  dice,  wherein  he 
that  throws  all  three  alike  wins  what- 
ever is  set. 

Rag,  n.  a  mist  or  drizzling  rain. 

Rag,  v.t.  to  scold,  to  abuse. 

Ragabrash,  n.  an  idle,  mean,  impudent 
person. 

Rageous,  adj.  in  a  rage,  in  excessive 
pain,  violent,  furious, 

Raggard,  n.  a  wicked  and  abandoned 
wretch. 

Raggaly,  adj.  villanous. 

Ragged-robins,  n.  beggarly,  discredit- 
able people.  "  Yer  a  set  o'  ragged- 
robins" 

Raggy,  adj.  a  term  applied  to  a  drizzly 
day  accompanied  with  frost. 

Raise,  n.  a  cairn  of  stones. 

Raise,  v.t.  to  make  additional  loops  in 
knitting  a  stocking. 

Rait,  v.t.  to  dissipate  the  sap  of  vege- 
tables by  exposing  them  to  the 
weather.  Hay  is  said  to  be  raited 
when  it  has  been  much  exposed 
to  an  alternation  of  wet  and  dry 
weather. 

Rake,  n.  (1)  a  rut,  crack,  crevice,  or 
streak.  Fin.  rake,  fissura,  ruptura, 
rima.  (2)  A  strip  of  ground,  usually 
covered  with  smooth  sward,  but 
sometimes  strewn  with  stones,  lying 
on  the  side  of  a  hill,  and  sunk  below 
the  level  of  the  neighbouring  parts  ; 
as,  Outrake,  in  Coniston  Fells.  (3)  A 
stray  or  privilege  for  cattle  to  de- 
pasture. 

Rallock,  v.t.  to  romp,  to  rollick. 

Ram,  adj.  acrid,  fetid,  having  a  strong 
smell  or  taste.  Isl.  rammr,  Dan.  ram, 
acrid,  rank,  Sw.  ramslok,  bear-garlick. 

Rame,  )  v.i.  to  sprawl  out  the  hands 

Raum,  )  and  arms  as  in  reaching 
something,     (a  as  in  father). 


RA 


BE 


Rammish,  adj.   rank,  acrid,  pungent. 

O.  N.  rammr,  amarus,  Sw.  ram. 
Rammish,    adj.   violent.     O.N.    ramr, 

fortis,  robustus. 
Ramp,    )  n.   a  strong   smelling  plant 
Ramps,  )      with  a  white  flower,  wild 

garlic. 
Rampageous,    adj.    riotous,     furious, 

boisterous. 
Ramp  and  reyav,  To.  To  be  in  a  violent 

passion. 
Ramscallion,  n.  a  low,  dirty  fellow. 
Ramshackle,    adj.     ill-adjusted,     dis- 
orderly, confused  and  obstructed  in 

motion. 
Ran-dan,  n.  a  noise,  an  uproar.   "  To  be 

on  the  Ran-dan  "  =  To  be  carousing 

and  playing  the  fool. 
Rank,  adj.  thick,  full,  abundant.    A.S. 

ranc,  proud,  rank,  fruitful. 
Rannel-balk,  n.  a  piece  of  wood  in  a 

chimney  to  hang  crooks  upon. 
Ran-tan,  n.  a  loud  and  long  knocking 

at  a  door. 
R  antipole,  n.  a  rude,  romping  child. 
Ranty,  adj.  (1)  wild,  frisky,  lecherous. 

(2)  Angry,  mad. 
Rape,  n.  a  species    of  turnip.     Dan. 

rapsced,  rape  (Brassica  rapa). 
Rappin',  adj.  large. 
Raps,  n.  news.  "  What  raps  1  "=What 

have  you  in  the  way  of  news  ? 
Rapscallion,  n.  a  low  vagabond. 

Rear  C  a(^'  underdone,  raw"' 
Rarely,  adj.  quite  well  in  health. 
Rascal,  n.  a  lean  animal.     A.S.  rascal, 

a  lean,  worthless  deer. 
Rascot,    )  t      t 

Raskelt,  J?*- a  rascal,  a  knave. 

Rasp,  n.  a  raspberry. 

Ratch,  v.i.  to  tell  great  falsehoods. 

Ratch,  v.t.  to  stretch,   to    strain,   to 
make  bigger  or  widen. 

Rate,  v.i.  to  become  rotten.    See  Rait. 

Rated,  adj.  careworn. 

Ratey,  adj.  rough,   tempestuous  ;    of 
the  weather. 

Ratten,  n.  a  rat. 

Rattipelt,  n.  a  rough,  noisy  child. 

Rattle,  v.t.  to  beat  or  thrash. 

Rattle-can,  n.  a  talkative  person. 

Rattlepate,    n.    a    giddy,    chattering 
person. 

Ravel,  v.t.  to  entangle. 
J  Rawky,  adj.  raw  and  cold, 
1  Rawp,  n.  a  hoarseness. 

Ray,  n.  a  diarrhoea. 


Reach,  n.  a  division  of  a  valley  made 
by  the  projection  of  the  surrounding 
hills. 

Reach  to,  v.i.  to  reach  out  one's  hand 
so  as  to  help  oneself.  Thus  if  you 
say  to  a  countryman,  "  Shall  I  help 
you  to  some  of  this  ? "  his  reply  will 
probably  be,  "  No,  thank  you  ;  I'll 
reach  to. 

Read,  v.t.  to  comb  the  hair.  "It's 
seya  cotter'd  at  I  cannet  read  it  "= 
the  hair  is  so  entangled  that  I  cannot 
comb  it. 

Ream,  n.  cream. 

Ream.     See  Rame. 

Rean,  n.  (1)  a  division  running  between 
the  dales  in  common  fields  ;  also 
balks  or  portions  of  grass  land  in 
arable  fields.  (2)  A  strip  of  land  left 
to  mark  the  boundary  of  a  field,  a 
ridge  or  balk.  Belg.  reyn,  a  bound 
or  limit,  O.N.  rein,  tenue  spatiolum 
terras  in  longum  porrectum. 

Rear,  (1)  v.t.  to  lay  timber  on  a  new 
building,  to  raise  ;  especially  applied 
to  the  woodwork  of  a  roof.  (2)  v.i. 
To  rise  up  before  the  plough  as  the 
furrows  sometimes  do  in  ploughing. 

Rearin',  n.  the  act  of  raising. 

Rearing-feast,  n.  a  supper  or  feast 
given  to  the  workmen  when  the  roof 
is  reared  or  put  on  the  house. 

Resisted,  adj.  tired,  unwilling  to  do 
anything. 

Reasty,  adj.  (1)  stubborn,  inclined  to 
resist,  restive.     (2)  Rancid. 

Reat,  Pr.  of  root. 

Reatwelt,  n.     See  Rootwelt. 

Reb,  Pr.  of  rib.     O.  Fris.  reb. 

Reckan,  n.  a  hook  for  pots. 

Recklin'.     See  Wreckling. 

Reckon,  v.t.  to  think  or  guess. 

Red,  pret.  of  To  ride. 

Red,  v.t.  to  put  in  order,  to  clear  or 
put  to  rights.  "  To  red  up  t'  house." 
S.G.  reda,  explicare,  to  set  in  order, 
to  arrange. 

Red,  n.  ruddle  for  marking  sheep.  W. 
rhudd,  a  red  or  crimson  colour,  Sw. 
rod,  red. 

Reddle,  )  n.  a  red  ochrey  kind  of  stone 

Ruddle,  \  with  which  sheep  are 
marked.  \rhidyll. 

Reddle  (Pr.  of  riddle),  n.  a  sieve.     W. 

Reddle,  v.t.  to  riddle. 

Reddlin',  n.  a  riddle,  a  puzzle. 

Redshanks,  n.  a  name  appled  to  more 
than  one  species  of  polygonum. 
67 


RE 


RO 


Red-staiyaks,  )  n.  the  stakes  to  which 
Rud-staiyaks,  ]     cows  are  fastened  in 

the  cow-house. 
Redtail,  n.  the  redstart. 
Redwater,  n.  a  disease  to  which  cattle 

are  subject. 
Ree,  v.t.  to  shake  corn  in  a  sieve. 
Reeden,  adj.    See  Wreeden. 
Reein-sieve,  n.  a  sieve  for  corn  made 

of  cane,  used  before  the  invention  of 

winnowing  machines. 
Reek,  n.  (1)  smoke,  vapour,  or  mist. 

(2)  Odour,  smell.   O.N.  reyMr,  fumus, 

A.S.  rdec,  smoke,  vapour,  N.Fris.  rek. 
Reek,   v.i.    to    smoke.       O.N.    rjtika, 

fumum    emittere,    A.S.    reacan,    to 

smoke,  O.Fris.  reku,  N.Fris.  riecke, 

Dan.  ryge. 
Reested,  adj.  rancid,  spoiled,  as  bacon 

from  being  badly  kept. 
Reet,  Pr.  of  right. 

Reetle,  v.t.  to  put  to  rights,  to  repair. 
Reft,  Pr.  of  rift. 
Reish,  n.  a  rush. 

Reish-bearin'.     See  Rush-bearing. 
Ren,  v.i.  to  run.    O.N.  renna,  currere, 

A.S.  rennan,  to  run,  to  flow,  S.G. 

renna,  currere,   Sw.  ranna,  to  run> 

M.G.  rinnan. 
Renable,  adj.  loquacious,  and  never  at  a 

a  stop  or  inconsistent  in  telling  a  story. 
Rench,  )  ^  c    • 

Reuse,  j  Corr-  of  nnse' 
Render,  v.t.  to  melt,  as  lard,  etc.     Isl. 

rinde,  liquefacere  (Dr.  Jamieson). , 
Renner,  n.  a  runner. 
Renners,  n.  frequenters; 


Rensin' 


a  cleaning  out.     Sw.  rens- 


ning,  cleansing,  purgation. 
Repple.     A  form  of  Ripple. 
Ret,  v.t.  to  soak  in  water. 
Revestry,  n.  an  apartment  in  a  church 

where  the  priest  puts  on  his  sacred 

garments.     The  word  is  used  in  the 

"Old   Churche   Boke "   of    Cartmel, 

containing  churchwardens'  accounts, 

etc.,  commencing  1597. 
Reyak,  Pr.  of  rake. 
Reyak-stele,  n.  the  handle  of  a  rake. 
Ribs,  n.  stout  pieces  of  timber  laid  on 

the  principals  of  a  roof,  and  on  which 

the  spars  are  fastened. 
Rick,  n.  a  stack  of  hay. 
Rid,  v.t.  (1)  to  get  rid  of.    (2)  To  clear 

anything   (of    litter),  to   remove   or 

take  away. 
Riddle,  n.  a  coarse  sieve.     W.  rhidyll, 

a  sieve. 
68 


Riddle -bread,  n.  thick,  sour-leavened 
oat-cakes,  shaken  on  a  chequered 
backboard  before  being  thrown  on 
on  the  Backstan.     See  Backboord. 

Riddling,  n.  a  riddle. 

Rife,  adj.  (1)  abounding,  prevalent.  (2) 
Beady,  quick  to  learn. 

Rift,  v.i.  to  belch.     Dan.  rcebe. 

Rift,  n.  an  eructation.     Dan.  rceben. 

Rig,  n.  a  ridge  or  elevated  part  of  a 
ploughed  held,  upon  which  the 
sheaves  of  corn  are  arranged  after 
having  been  cut  and  bound  up. 

Rig-beyan,  n.  the  back-bone. 

Riggin',  n.  the  ridge  of  a  house  or 
other  roof. 

Riggin' -steyans,  n.  stones  (of  the  shape 
of  the  letter  V  in  section)  placed  on 
the  last  rows  of  slates  on  the  ridge 
of  a  house  to  keep  them  secure. 

Riggin' -tree,  n.  the  most  elevated  piece 
of  timber  in  the  angle  or  roof  of  a 
house. 

Riggish,  adj.  wanton. 

Rigg'lt,  n.  an  imperfect  ram,  or  other 
animal  half  castrated. 

Right-down,  adj.  downright. 

Rim,  n.  the  membrane  enclosing  the 
intestines. 

Rimer,  n.  a  tool  used  for  enlarging 
screw-holes  in  metal  or  wood. 

Ring-clogs,  n.  a  pair  of  shoes  with 
wooden  soles  and  bound  round  the 
edges  with  hoop-iron  called  the  ring. 

Rip,  v.i.  to  rate  or  chide,  to  be  very 
violent. 

Ripple,  v.t.  to  scratch  slightly. 

Ripple,  n.  a  slight  scratch. 

Rit,  v.t.  to  make  a  mark. 

Rither,  n.  an  instrument  to  nick  out 
sods  all  of  a  size. 

Rive,  n.  a  rent  or  tear.  O.N.  rifa, 
rima,  fissura. 

Rive,  v.t.  (pret.  rove,  p.p.  row'n)  (1)  to 
tear,  to  split.    (2)  To  eat  ravenously. 

Roaky,  )  adj.  hoarse.     G.  rocach,  hav- 

Rooky,  \  ing  a  hoarse  voice,  Fin. 
rSkhd,  tussis  rauca. 

Roan -berry,  n.  the  berry  of  the  moun- 
tain ash.     Dan.  ronneboer. 

Roan-tree,  n.  the  mountain  ash  (Sor- 
bus  aucuparia). 

Robin-run-i'-th'-hedge,  n.  the  plant 
bedstraw.     Fr.  Bon  Robin. 

Rock,  n.  a  distaff,  or  the  stick  to  which 
flax  was  fastened  when  spinning  by 
the  hand.  N.Fris.  rdk  or  rok,  S.G. 
rock,  a  distaff,  Dan.  rok}  a  spinning- 
wheel. 


RO 


SA 


Rocking,  pcpl.  walking  with  alternate 

sideway  motion. 
Rodden,  n.  a  rat.     M.  roddan. 
Roggle,  v.t.  to  shake.     O.N.  rugl,  per- 

turbatio. 
Roke,  n.  fog  or  mist. 
Rokelay,  n.  a  cloak.    Fr.  roquelaire. 
Roky,  adj.  misty,  drizzly,  smoky. 
Rollock,  n.  a  rowlock.     M.  rollag,  the 

hollow  an  oar  works  in  in  the  gun- 
wale of  a  boat. 
Romps,  n.  a  rude  and  turbulent  girl. 
Rone,  n.  the  roe  of  a  fish. 
Rood,  n.  in  long  measure,  7  yards  in 

length,     (n.  6^  yards  in  length). 
Rook,  n.  a  heap.     S.G.  rbk  and  rulca, 

ruga,  cumulus,  acervus. 
Roop,  n.  a  hoarseness. 
Rootwelt,    n.    opening    the    ends    of 

sheaves  of  corn,  and  exposing  them 

to  the  wind. 
Roper,  n.  a  rope-maker. 
Ropy,  adj.  viscous,  glutinous. 
Rosin,  v.i.  to  be  addicted  to  drinking 

intoxicating  liquor.  "He  rosins  hard" 

= He  drinks  hard.  Sw.  rusa,  to  fuddle. 
Rosin-end,  n.  a  shoemaker's  thread. 
Rosined,  adj.  tipsy.    Sw.  rusig,  gone  in 

drink,    from    rus,    a    drunken    fit, 

drunkenness,  Dan.  rusende,  fuddled, 

intoxicated. 
Rossel,  (1)  v.t.  to  heat,  to  roast.    "To 

rossel  one's  shins."    (2)  v.i.  To  bask 

over  a  fire. 
Rosselled,  adj.  decayed.     Wood  in  the 

course  of   decaying    is  said    to  be 

rosselled. 
Rosselled,  adj.  inflamed  with  liquor. 
Rostle,  v.t.  to  stir  up. 
Rough,  v.t.  to  make  horses'  shoes  rough 

in  frosty  weather. 
Rough-spun,  adj.  rude,  unpolished. 
Rouse,  v.t.  to  shake  and  flutter  (in 

hawking). 
Rousty,  Pr.  of  rusty. 
Rove,  pret.  of  To  rive. 
Rovv'n,  p.p.  of  To  rive. 
Rowley-powley,  n.  a  game  formerly 

practised  at  fairs  and  races. 
Roy,  v.i.  to  swagger,  to  boast,  to  domi- 
neer, to  indulge  in  convivial  mirth. 

N.Fris.  roy, 
Royle,   v.i.  to    bluster  or   roar  in  a 

boisterous  manner. 
Ruck,  n.  a  heap  of  stones, 
Ruck,  O  of  a.     Suddenly;    all  in  a 

heap,  disorderly. 
Ruck,  n.  a  rut  in  a  road. 


Rud,  n.  rudddle  for  sheep.  See  Reddle. 

Ruddle,  v.t.  to  wattle  with  split  sticks. 

Rud-staiyak.     See  Red-staiyak. 

Rue-bargain,  n.  (1)  a  bargain  repented 
of.  When  a  man  withdraws  his  banns 
of  marriage  it  is  spoken  of  as  a  rue- 
bargain.  (2)  Something  given  to  be 
off  an  agreement. 

Ruff,  v.t.  to  trump  or  renounce  at  cards. 

Ruffiner,    )  m 

RufflngeV,r-aruffiim- 

Rum,  n.  the  step  of  a  ladder. 

Rumgumptious,  adj.  violent,  bold  and 
rash,  boisterous. 

Rummuck,  v.i.  to  romp  boisterously. 

Rungs,  n.  the  round  steps  of  a  ladder. 
G.  rong,  a  joining  spar,  any  piece  of 
wood  by  which  others  are  joined, 
N.  Fris.  rung,  a  pin  or  bolt  of  a  car- 
riage, M.G.  rung. 

Run-out,  adj.  exhausted  ;  applied  to 
overcropped  land. 

Runt,  n.  (1)  a  stout  dwarf,  a  stunted 
animal  or  tree.  Fin.  runto,  truncus 
corporis  major.  (2)  A  Scotch  ox  or 
cow.  Du.  rund,  a  runt,  bullock  or  ox. 

Runty,  adj.  dwarfish,  little,  short  and 
stout.  Fin.  runtewa,  corpulentus, 
robustus. 

Rush-bearin',  n.  carrying  the  rushes 
to  cover  the  floor  of  the  church. 

Russeler,  Corr.  of  wrestler. 

Rust,  n.  the  mildew  of  wheat. 

Ruttle,  v.i.  (1)  to  rattle.  (2)  To  breathe 
with  difficulty,  and  with  noise  in  the 
throat,  like  a  dying  person. 

Ryes,  n.  the  stalks  of  potatoes. 


Sa,  Pr.  of  so. 

Saant,  Corr.  of  shall  not.  "  Thou 
saant  du  it." 

Sack,  To  get  the.  To  be  turned  out 
of  employ. 

Sackless,  adj.  dejected,  spiritless,  help- 
less. A.S.  sacleds,  quiet,  O.N.  sak- 
lauss,  innocens. 

Sad,  adj.  heavy,  solid  ;  said  of  bread 
when  heavy,  or  of  hay  when  very 
close  and  firm.  W.  sad,  firm. 

Sad-bad,  adj.  very  ill. 

Saddle-pow,  n.  the  saddle-bow,  or  the 
piece  which  forms  the  front  of  the 
saddle.  O.N,  sbdulbogi,  A.S. 
boga,  Sw.  sadelbom,  saddle-bow. 

Sadness,  n.  gravity,  seriousness. 


SA 


sc 


ig,   v.i.   to  hang   down    heavily,   as 
oppressed  by  weight. 
n.  a  saw  ;  the  g  hard. 

Said,  p.p.  of  say ;  influenced,  deterred. 
"He's  varra  wilfle,  he'll  net  be  said" 
=He  will  not  be  obedient. 

Saim,  n.  lard,  fat.     W.  saim. 

Saint  John,  n.  a  double  nut,  apple,  etc. 

Saint  Mary's  nut,  n.  a  triple  nut. 

Sairy,  adj.  (1)  poor,  helpless.  (2)  In- 
considerable, exceedingly  small. 

Saiyar  (Pr.  of  sore),  adj.  grieved. 

Sal.  A  form  of  shall.  "Thou  mZ  duit." 

Salamander,  n.  a  large  poker  used  for 
lighting  fires. 

Sallet,  n.  a  salad. 

Sam,  v.t.  to  collect  together. 

Sam,  adv.    See  Ham-sam. 

Samel,  n.  (1)  gritty,  sandy  earth,  mixed 
with  lime  for  mortar.  (2)  A  kind  of 
loamy  gravel  used  for  puddling. 

Sammin',  n.  a  collecting  or  laying  to- 
gether. 

Sang,  By  my.  A  north  country  ex- 
clamation of  revenge  or  defiance. 

Sapless,  adj.  foolish,  silly,  witless. 

Sappin',  n.  a  drenching. 

Sappy,  adj.  moist. 

Sap-whistle,  n.  a  whistle  made  of  sappy 

wood. 
Sark,  n.  a  shirt  or  woman's  shift.  A.S. 

sere,  N.Fris.  serk,  Sw.  sark,  smock, 

shift,  Dan.  scerk. 
Sarra,  (1)  v.i.  to  suffice.     (2)  v.t.  To 

serve,  to  supply.     "  He's  tu  sarra  t' 

Pig-" 
Sarrah,  n.  an  unmanageable  scamp. 
Sart,  adv.  certainly. 
Sary-man.    An  expression  of  pity. 
Sattle,  v.i.  to  settle,  to  lower.     "Corn 

begins  to  sattle." 
Sauer  (Pr.  of  sour),  adj.    Said  of  blue 

coarse  grass,  which   cattle  will  not 

eat  if  they  can  help  it. 
Sauer-dock,  n.  sorrel.     "W.  swan,  sour 

plant,  sorrel. 
Sauer-doff   (Pr.   of   sour    dough),    n. 

leaven. 
Sauer-milk,  n.  butter-milk ;  also  called 

Churn-milk. 
Saurin',  n.  vinegar. 
Saut-pie,  n.  a  box  for  salt, 
Sauve,  Pr.  of  salve. 
Savver  (Pr.  of  savour),  n.  a  taste  or 

smell. 
Sawk,  Corr.  of  suck. 
70 


Say,  n.  (1)  influence.  "  Heez  girt  say 
i'  t'  parish."  (2)  Expression  of 
opinion.    "  I'll  hev  mi  say." 

Scabbings,  n.  chippings  of  stone. 

Scabble,  v.  t.  to  rough-hew  stone. 

Scabby,  adj.  stingy,  shabby. 

Scald,  adj.  scabby,  particularly  in  the 
head.     Cf.  Gael,  sgall,  baldness. 

Scale,  v.t.  to  spread,  to  disperse. 

Scale  t'  bars,  To.  To  clear  the  fire  or 
grate. 

Scallops,  n.  an  awkward  wench,  an 
untidy  romp. 

Scape -gallows,  n.  a  bad  fellow,  one  who 
has  narrowly  escaped  the  gallows. 

Scar,      )  n.  line  of  rock  bare  of  vege- 


Scar,    )  adj.   wild,    timid,    shy.     O.N. 

Scare,  \    slcjarr,  timidus,  pavidus,  f ugax. 

Scarce,  adj.  sparing. 

Scar'd,  adj.  scared,  frightened. 

Scarified,  adj.  frightened. 

Scarn,  n.  dung  of  cattle.     AS.  secern, 

Isl.  skarn,  dung,  etc. 
Scaud,  Pr.  of  scald. 
Scaud-heead,  n.  ringworm  on  the  head. 
Scaup  (Pr.  of  scalp),  n.  head,  scull. 
Scaup,  n.  land  at  or  near  the  top  of  a 

hill,  the  chief  characteristic  of  which 

is  bare  thin  soil. 
Scaupy,  adj.  bare,  covered  with  only  a 

little  soil.     "A  scaupy  field" — one 

with  little  soil. 
Scog,  n.  a  sheltered  place. 
Scoggers,  n.  stockings  with  the  feet 

cut  off,  and  worn  on  the  arms. 
Sconce,  n.  (1)  a  high-backed  seat.     (2) 

A  screen  to  draw  between  the  door 

and  fire  to  keep  out  the  wind.     (3) 

The  head,  the  pate. 
Scoo,  n.  a  swarm,  a  great  number,  a 

shoal.  Gael,  sgaoth,  M.  skyoll,  a  great 

deal,  a  large  quantity. 
Scopperel,  n.  (1)  a  round  flat  piece  of 

bone  with  a  hole  in  the  centre.     "  It 

spins  like  a  scopperel."     (2)  A  light 

agile  child. 

!££}»•  a  slide. 

Scur   \  v'*"  ^°  s^e-     Gael,  sgiorr,  slide. 
Score,  n.  twenty  yards,  a  term  used  for 

distances  in  the  game  of  Spell  and 

knor. 
Score,  n.  twenty  pounds  weight. 
Scot,      )  v.t.  to  stop  the  wheel  of   a 
Scotch,  ]      coach  or  waggon    with    a 

stone,  etc. 


sc 


SE 


Scot,  n.  a  Scotch  cow. 

Scotty-kye,  n.  Scotch  cattle. 

Scoup,  n.  a  scoop. 

Scour,  v.t.  "To  scour  a  hedge "=  To 
deepen  the  ditch,  and  to  breast  up 
the  hedge  with  the  soil  taken  out ; 
also,  to  clean  out  ponds. 

Scout,  n.  a  high  rock. 

•Scowder,  n.  a  bustle,  confusion. 

Scowder'd,  adj.  over-heated  with  work- 
ing. 

Scraal,  v.i.  to  live  on  uncertain  wages, 
to  make  a  scanty  subsistence. 

Scraalin',  adj.  (1)  sprawling.  (2)  Liv- 
ing from  hand  to  mouth. 

Scraamb,  v.t.  to  pull  or  rake  together 
with  the  hands. 

Scra.ffle,  n,  a  scramble. 

Scraffle,  v.i.  (1)  to  act  unfairly  by  re- 
ceding from  a  promise .  (2)  To  quarrel. 

Scrafflehorn,  n.  a  restless,  worthless 
fellow  relying  on  shifts  and  expedients. 

Scraffling,  adj.  trifling,  living  from  hand 
to  mouth.     S.G.  shraf,  nugse. 

Scrag,  a  lean,  thin  person.  N.Fris. 
shrog,  an  insignificant  person,  nothing 
but  skin  and  bone. 

Scraggelt,  n.  a  worthless  fellow. 

Scrap,  n.  a  place  spread  with  grain  as 
a  lure  for  small  birds. 

Scrat,  v.t.  to  scratch. 

Scrat,  n.  (1)  a  scratch.  (2)  A  miserly 
fellow  living  on  scratchings  and  par- 
ings. (3)  The  itch.  "  He's  gitten  t' 
scrat." 

Scrat,  Oud  :  the  devil.  O.S.  skratten, 
O.N.  skrattin,  the  devil. 

Scratchings,  n.  scraps  of  tallow  and 
skin  left  on  melting,  and  made  into 
cakes  for  dogs'  food. 

Screak,  v.i.  to  screech,  to  creak  as  a 
door. 

Screed,  n.  a  rent,  shred,  or  fragment ; 
chiefly  applied  to  clothing  materials. 
A  dressmaker  will  say,  "  There's  not 
a  screed  left,  M'm."  A.S.  screade,  a 
shred,  Gael,  sgrait,  a  shred  or  rag, 
O.Fris.  shred. 

Screened,  adj.  sifted. 

Screes,  n.  loose  stones  detached  and 
fallen  from  a  scar  or  precipice. 

Scribe,  v.t.  to  make  marks  with  the 
appropriate  instrument,  as  carpenters 
do. 

Scribe,  n.  an  instrument  used  to  num- 
ber and  mark  wood  or  trees. 

Scrimp,  v.i.  to  spare,  to  pinch. 

Scrimpin',  adj.  niggardly,  pinching. 


Scrimpy,  adj.  small,  pinching. 

Scroggy,  adj.  abounding  in  stunted 
underwood. 

Scrogs,  n.  stunted  bushes. 

Scrooby,  n.  a  decoction  of  various  kinds 
of  young  herbs,  made  in  spring  as 
an  antiscorbutic. 

Scrouge,  v.t.  to  squeeze. 

Scrow,  v.t.  to  toil  hard  for  a  living. 

Scrow,  n.  uproar,  confusion ;  often  ap- 
plied to  a  thorough  cleaning. 

Scruff,  n.  the  nape  of  the  neck. 

Scrunch,  v.t.  to  cranch,  to  crush. 

Scrunchlin',  n.  a  small,  green  shrivelled 
apple. 

Scrunty,  adj.  low,  short,  stunted  ;  of 
trees. 

Scry,  v.t.  to  descry. 

Scud,  n.  (1)  a  slight,  rapid  shower.  (2) 
Slight  clouds  showing  the  direction 
of  the  wind. 

Scuff,  n.  the  back  part  of  the  neck. 

Scuffle,  n.  a  garden  hoe. 

Scuffle,  n.  a  linen  garment  worn  by 
children  to  keep  their  clothes  clean, 
a  pinafore. 

Scuffler,  n.  a  sort  of  plough  for  clean- 
ing between  turnip  ridges. 

Scug,  v.i.  to  hide. 

Scug,  n.  a  sheltered  place.  O.N.  slcyggja, 
to  over-shadow,  Sw.  skugga,  to  shadow. 

Scun,  v.t.  to  throw  a  stone. 

Scur.     See  Skir. 

Scurrick,  n.  a  small  piece.  M.  sJcirrag, 
a  splinter. 

Scutter,  n.  watery  excrement  of  cattle. 

Scutter,  v.i.  to  run  away  quickly. 

Scuttle,  v.i.  to  walk  fast.  "  He  scuttles 
away." 

Scuttle,  n.  a  shallow  basket  much  in 
use  in  the  barn,  and  in  other  depart- 
ments of  husbandry. 

Scutty,  adj.  (1)  short.  (2)  Short-tailed. 
"W.  cwt,  short. 

Sea-coaf,  Pr.  of  sea-calf. 

Sea-gor,  n.  a  sea-gull.  See  also  Gor. 

Seal,  n.  a  willow  tree. 

Seams,  n.  the  marks  of  small-pox. 

Sea-nag,  n.  a  ship. 

Sea-pie,  n.  the  oyster-catcher  (Hamia- 
topus  ostralegus). 

Sea-pink,  n.  the  small  pink  flower  com- 
mon at  the  sea-side,  the  plant  thrift. 

Searching,  adj.  keen,  piercing  ;  of  the 
wind. 

Seat,  Pr.  of  soot. 

Sea-tangle,  n.  sea- weed.  O.N.  yaungull, 
fucus. 

71 


SE 


SH 


Seek,  Pr.  of  sack.  [sceccing. 

Seckin(g),  n.  canvass  for  sacks.     A.S. 

Seconds,  n.  second-rate  flour. 

Seed-maund,  n.  a  seed-basket  used  by 
sowers. 

Seedness,  n.  seed-time. 

Seeds,  n.  young  grasses,  land  newly- 
laid  to  grass. 

Seeds,  n.  busks  of  oats,  called  also 
mill-seeds.  [ing  a  bare. 

See-bo  !  interj.  an  exclamation  on  start- 
Seem,  v.t.  to  become.  O.N.  scema,  de- 
cere.  "  It  seems  ya  weel : "  of  a  be- 
coming article  of  dress  ;  "It  wod 
seem  tha  better  "  =  It  would  be  more 
becoming  in  you.  O.N.  betr  scemdi 
yd)',  potius  te  deceret,  tibi  conveniret. 

See-saw,  n.  tbe  cbild's  play,  cats-cradle. 

Seetre  (pr.  see-tree),  n.  clotb  worn 
threadbare. 

Seg,  n.  a  castrated  bull. 

Seg,  n.  a  bard,  horny  part  of  the  skin 
of  the  bands  or  feet. 

Seggy,  adj.  hard  and  callous,  as  the 
skin  in#  the  palm  of  a  workman's 
hand,  or  on  the  bottom  of  the  feet 
of  those  who  go  barefoot. 

Seigh,  v.i.  (1)  to  stretch  or  bulge  out. 
(2)  To  hang  down  heavily,  as  op- 
pressed by  weight. 

Sel,  Corr.  of  self. 

£8T,,|i»*«*T0«n. 

Semly,  Corr.  of  assembly. 

Sen,  adv.  since. 

Serve,  v.t.  to  feed,  animals  namely. 

Service -silver,  n.  a  rent  paid  in  Cart- 
mel,  before  land  was  enfranchised,  in 
lieu  of  work  liable  to  be  done  by 
copyhold  tenants  for  the  Lord  of  the 
Manor. 

Set,  n.  a  young  plant  or  shoot,  a  piece 
of  potatoe  with  an  eye  in  it  for 
planting. 

Set,  (1)  v.t.  to  appoint,  to  fix  ;  as,  "  I  set 
Thorsda  for  dun  it."  (2)  To  let.  (3) 
To  accompany  any  one  on  his  way- 
(4)  v.i.  To  settle,  to  bind  as  gravel 
on  walks  when  it  beomes  solid. 

Setten,  p.p.  of  To  set. 

Setten-on,  adj.  short  in  growth. 

Settle,  n.  a  seat  or  form  near  the  fire- 
place in  old  farm  houses.  A.S.  scetel, 
setel,  a  seat. 

Settle-stans,  n.  stones  at  the  edge  of  a 
gutter  in  a  cow-house. 

Sew,  pret.  of  To  sow. 

Sew.     See  Fig-sew. 
72 


Shaade,  adj.  shallow. 

Shaams,  interj.  See  example  :  "What 
the  shaams,  you  ought  to  be  ashamed !" 

Shab-rag,  n.  a  mean,  beggarly  person. 

Shack,  Pr.  of  shake. 

Shack,  n.  a  shake,  of  the  health  namely. 
"  T '  faiver's  gin  him  a  terb'l  shack  " 
=  The  fever  has  given  his  consti- 
tution or  health  a  terrible  shake. 

Shacken-brained,  adj.  disordered  in 
intellect. 

Shack-fork,  n.  a  wooden  fork  for  shaking 
straw  on  a  barn  floor. 

Shackle,  n.  (1)  the  wrist.  (2)  An  iron 
loop  moving  on  a  bolt.  (3)  A  cow 
chain. 

Shade,  n.  a  shed. 

Shaewl,  v.i.  to  straddle  with  the  feet 
in  walking.  See  Shool,  of  which 
this  is  simply  a  phonetic  form. 

Shaff,  n.  nonsense,  stupid  talk. 

Shaffle,  v.i.  to  do  things  ineffectually. 

Shafflehorn,  n.  a  slow  and  dull  ineffi- 
cient person. 

Shafflement,  n.  insignificant  people. 

Shaffler,  n.  (1)  a  bungler.  (2)  One  who 
walks  lame. 

Snaffling,  adj.  indolent,  awkward,  in- 
significant. 

Shag,  n.  (1)  a  slice  of  bread  or  cheese. 
(2)  A  kind  of  cloth. 

Shag-hat,  n.  a  sort  of  hat  made  very 
long  in  the  down. 

Shally-wally,  n.  (1)  a  term  of  con- 
tempt.    (2)  Also  nonsense. 

Sham,  Pr.  of  shame. 

Sham,  v.i.  to  blush  with  sbame. 

Shamble,  v.i.  to  walk  awkwardly. 

Shanks-galloway,  To  ride.  To  go  on 
foot. 

Shanks-nag,  v.i.  to  travel  on  foot. 

Shanty,  adj.  smart,  gay,  neat. 

Shap  (Pr.  of  shape),  v.t.  (1)  to  begin,  to 
commence.  (2)  To  be  active  ;  as, 
"Shap  it  "=Be  quick. 

Shappin,  pcpl.  engaged  in  doing. 
"What's  ta  shappin  now?"=How 
are  you  now  employed  ? 

Shaps,  n.  oats,  which  look  well  to  the 
eye,  but  are  in  fact  without  grain  in 
the  husks  or  receptacles. 

Shard,  n.  cow-dung. 

Sharn,  n.  cow-dung.  A.S.  scZarn,  O.N. 
sham,  stercus,  sordes,  S.G.  skarn, 
dirt,  filth,  Sw.  skarn,  ordure,  filth. 

Sharp,  adj.  (1)  pungent  in  taste.  (2) 
Quick,  active  ;  as,  "Be  sharp  "=Be 
quick,  make  haste. 


SH 


SH 


Sharps,  n.  flour  with  a  portion  of  bran 

in  it. 
Shaws,  n.  the  tops  of  turnips. 
Shear,  v.t.  to  reap.   A.S.  sceran,  O.Fris. 

schera. 
Shearer,  n.  a  reaper. 
Shearling,  n.  a  sheep  only  once  shorn. 
Sheath  (Pr.  of  sheath),  the  prepuce  of 

an  animal.     A.S.  sceaft. 
Shed,  v.t.  to  surpass,  to  excel. 
Sheep-cratch,  n.  a  frame  of  wood  on 

which  sheep  are  laid.     See  Cratch. 
Sheep-gate,  n,  a  right  of  stray  for  one 


Sheep-shearin(g),  n.  the  time  of  year 
when  sheep  are  shorn. 

Sheer,  adj.  absolute,  mere,  pure.  O.N. 
skirr,  purus,  clarus,  S.G.  skcer,  lucidus, 
purus,  Dan.  sheer,  sheer,  pure. 

Sheeve,  n.  a  pulley. 

Shefte,  v.i.  to  move  about. 

Shell,  To  play  =  To  call  seriously  to 
account,  to  chastise. 

Shepster,  n.  a  starling. 

Sherk,  v.t.  to  cheat. 

Shewl,  v.i.  to  walk  badly.  See  Shaewl, 
Shool. 

Shift,  v.i.  to  remove  one's  dwelling. 

Shilf,  Pr.  of  shelf. 

Shill,  v.t.  to  shell,  to  strip  off  the  shell. 

Shilla,  n.  the  loose  stones  on  the  sea- 
beach,  the  stony  sea-beach.  M.  shillee, 
an  assemblage  of  loose  stones. 

Shilled,  p.p.  shelled. 

Shilvin's  (Corr.  of  shelvings),  n.  pi.  a 
wooden  frame  to  fix  on  the  top  of  a 
cart  in  order  to  extend  its  size,  and 
enable  larger  loads  of  corn,  hay,  straw, 
thorns,  etc.  to  be  carried. 

Shiner,  n.  (1)  a  clever  fellow.  (2)  A 
court-card.  "  He's  a  shiner,  but  he's 
nayder  a  king  nor  a  queen ; "  said  of  a 
person  who,  it  is  meant  to  be  insinu- 
ated, is  a  knave.  [ball. 

Shinner,  n.  a  kick  on  the  shins,  at  foot- 

Shippon,  n.  a  cow-house. 

Shircock,  n.  the  missel-thrush, 

Shirl,  v.i.  to  slide. 

Shirl,  adj.  shrill. 

Shirlin's,  n.  the  fleeces  of  lambs. 

Shive,  n.  a  slice,  a  round  or  cut  off  a 
loaf.  "  I'll  net  give  t'  leyaf  an'  beg 
t'  shive" =1  will  not  give  the  loaf  and 
beg  the  slice.  Pro  v.  expression  im- 
plying a  determination  not  to  give 
away  one's  substance,  and  accept 
such  a  pittance  for  income  as  the 
donee  might  think  fit. 


Shives,  Corr.  of  chives. 

Shoo,  \vron'  she' 

Shoe  a  person,  To.    To  know  how  to 

please  him. 
Shoe-horn,  n.  a  puffer  at  an  auction. 
Shoes   straight,  To  tread  one's.     To 

be  circumspect. 
Shoe-whang,  n.  a  leather  thong  with 

which  shoes  are  tied.  A.S.  sceo\wang, 

a  shoe-thong  or  tie,  S.G.  skotw&nge. 
Shog,  v.i.  to  move  easily,  to  jog. 
Shooder,  Pr.  of  shoulder. 
Shool,  Pr.  of  shovel. 
Shool,  v.i.  (1)  to  drag  the  feet.     (2)  To 

sponge,  to  intrude  oneself  uninvited. 
Shooler,  n.  a  sponging,  lazy  fellow. 
Shoolin's,  n.  road  scrapings. 
Shoon,  n.  pi.  shoes.    A.S.  sceon. 
Shoot,  v.t.  to  select  out  the  worst  cattle 

from  a  drove.     "  I'll  gie  ya  fifteen 

shillin    a-piece    for    thore    hundred 

cows,  an  ya'll  let  ma  shoot  ten  on 

'em." 
Shore,  v.t.  to  prop  up.  * 

Shorl,  v.t.  to  cut  with  shears. 
Short,   adj.   (1)   light  and  crisp.     (2) 

Peevish,  cross. 
Shortly,  adv.  quickly,  peevishly. 
Short  of  puff,  short  or  scant  of  breath. 
Short-waisted,  adj.  angry,  tetchy. 
Shot,  n.  a  reckoning  at  an  inn.  0.  Fris. 

shot,  Du.  schot,  shot  or  score  to  pay, 

as  for  a  repast. 
Shot  at,  I  waint  stand  ta  be.     I  will 

not  stand  my  bid  merely  to  let  the 

seller  try  to  get  a  better  offer. 
Shot-ice,  n.  (1)   rotten  ice.     (2)  The 

sheets  of  ice  which  form  on  roads. 
Shots,  n.  the  refuse  of  cattle  from  a 

drove.     See  Shoot. 
Shoup,   n.   the  fruit  of  the  dogrose. 

[This  word  takes  several  forms,  as 

choup  or  choop,  jump,  jug,  and  is  due 

to  the  same  origin  as  Sw.  hjupon,  N. 

hjupa  or  kjupa.     The  A.S.  form  is 

Mop,  E,  hip  or  hep.     Ed.] 
Shruff,  n.  light  rubbish,  wood  or  peat 

for  fuel. 
Shuffly-booard,  )  n.  a  battledore  and 
Shuffly-cock,       )      shuttlecock. 
Shuppen  (Pr.  of  shippen),  n.  a  cow- 
house.    A.S.  scypen,  a  stall,  a  shed. 
Shut  of,  To  get.     To  get  rid  of.     Sw. 

shjuta,  trudere. 
Shut,  v.i.  to  be  extravagant,  to  make 

away  money    extravagantly.      "  He 

shut  his  brass  in  no  time." 
73 


SH 


SI 


Shuttance,  n.  riddance. 

Shutting-in,  n.  the  evening. 

Sib,  adj.  related,  allied.  AS.  sib,  re- 
lation, alliance,  O.Fris.  sibbe,  related, 
O.N.  sifi,  cognatus,  S.G.  sif. 

Sibble,  v.t.  to  sip. 

Sic, 


Sik, 


?'.  such. 


Sic  like,  adj.  such  like. 

Sid  (Corr.  of  seed),  pret.  of  To  see. 

Siddhers,  Corr.  of  scissors. 

Side,  adj.  long,  wide,  large.  "This 
gown's  raydher  too  side  afore  "=Too 
long  in  front. 

Side,  v.t.  to  set  things  aside,  or  out  of 
the  way,  to  set  in  order. 

Side,  n.  district  at  the  foot  of  a  moun- 
tain in  a  valley.  "0'  t'  fell  side." 
O.N.  fjal-sida,  latus  montium. 

Side-booards,  n.  moveable  boards  to 
heighten  the  sides  of  a  cart. 

Side-lands,  n.  the  outside  parts  of  a 
ploughed  field,  adjoining  the  hedges 
which  run  parallel  with  the  lands 
or  ridges. 

Sider,  n.  an  orderly  person.  "  She's  a 
girt  sider  "=  One  who  diligently  puts 
things  in  order. 

Sidesmen,  n.  assistants  to  churchwar- 
dens in  managing  charities,  etc. 

Side-wipe,  n.  an  indirect  censure. 

Sidle,  v.i.  to  go  sideways,  to  walk  in  an 
affected  way.  (2)  To  saunter  idly 
about  as  from  bashfulness. 

Sidle  about  a  place,  To.  To  lurk  or 
skulk  about. 

Sidle  about  a  person,  To.  To  attend 
him  obsequiously. 

Sie,  n.  a  drop. 

Sighty,  adj.  (1)  glittering,  shining.  (2) 
Quick  at  seeing  how  a  thing  ought  to 
be  done. 

Sike,  n.  a  water-course  in  swampy 
ground.     A.S.  sich,  O.N.  sik,  canalis. 

Sile,  v.t.  (1)  to  strain  through  a  sieve. 
(2)  To  skim.  (3)  To  rain  continu- 
ously. "  It  rains  and  siles."  Dan. 
sile,  Sw.  sila,  colare,  Gael,  sil,  drop, 
distil. 

Sile,  n.  a  fine  wire  sieve,  chiefly  for 
straining  milk  through  directly  it 
has  come  from  the  cow,  to  clear  it 
of  hairs,  etc. 

Silin-dish,  n.  a  milk-strainer. 

Sill,  n.  (1)  the  stone  that  runs  along  the 
bottom  of  a  window.  (2)  The  stone 
74 


that  runs  along  the  bottom  of  the 

gates  of  a  dock  or  lock.     O.Fris.  sil, 

sill   of    a   dock,   A.S.   syl,   a  sill,    a 

ground  post,   S.G.   syll,   limen,   hy- 

pothyrum. 
Sill-horse,  n.  the  shaft-horse. 
Sillin',  adj.  of  a  horse  backing  against 

the  shafts  of  a  vehicle. 
Sills,  n.  the  shafts  of  a  vehicle. 
Silly,  adj.  insane. 
Simlin',  n.  a  kind  of  fine  cake.  Cf.  Dan. 

simle,  a  roll  of  bread. 
Simples,  To  want  nicking  for  the. 

Said  of  persons  who  do  foolish  things. 
Sin,  adv.  since.     "  It's  a  gud  lang  time 

sin,,  =  It,s  a  good  long  time  since. 
Sind,  v.t.  to  wash  down,  to  rinse. 
Sine,  v.i.  to  leave  off  milking  a  cow. 
Sine-tree,  n.  the  centerings  of  an  arch. 
Singlet,  n.  an  unlined  under-waistcoat. 
Sinify,  Corr.  of  signify. 
Sinner-gown    (Corr.   of   sinew-gown), 

adj.   having    a    contraction   of    the 

sinews. 
Sipe,  n.  a  small  trickling  stream.  N.Fris. 

sipe,  to  drip. 
Sipe,   v.i.   to    soak  through,   to    drop 

slowly.  "  It  rains  an'  sipes." 
Sipers,  n.  those  who  drink  to  the  last 

drop,  or  immoderately. 
Sipin,  adj.  dripping  wet. 
Sir  :  a  title  formerly  applied  to  priests 

and  curates.  "Here's  t'  sir  cumman  " 

=  Here's  the  clergyman  coming.  O.N. 

sira,  dominus,  titulus  sacerdotum  et 

episcoporum,  W.  syr,  lord,  sir. 
Siss,    n.   whiteweed    or    sweet    cicely 

{Myrrhis  odorata).     See  Switch. 
Sista,  Pr.  of  seest  thou. 
Sit,  v.t.  (1)  to  keep  night  courtship  with 

a  girl ;  as,  "  James  T.  is  sitting  our 

Betty."     (2)  To  be  able  to  contend 

with;  as,  "I  can't  sit  him"=He  is 

more  than  a  match  for  me. 
Sit-fast,  n.  a  gathering  in  the  finger. 
Sitha,  Pr.  of  see  thou.     "Sitha  but " 

=  Only  look. 
Sitten,  adj.  of  anything  stiff  or  hard, 

or  inelastic. 
Sitten-milk,  n.  milk  burnt  in  the  pan, 

so  as  to  become  nauseous  in  taste 

and  smell. 
Siz,  v.i.  to  hiss  or  whiz. 
Sizeable,  adj.  of  a  good  size. 
Sizle,  v.i.  to  saunter  about,  to  walk  in 

a  swaying  or  rocking  manner. 
Sizzup,  v.t.  to  deal  a  hard  blow. 
Sizzup,  n.  a  hard  blow. 


SI 


SL 


Sizzuper,  n.  (1)  a  severe  blow.  (2)  Any- 
thing strikingly  large.  Hence,  "That's 
a  sizzuper"  i.e.  a  tremendous  lie. 

Skaffat,  Corr.  of  scaffold. 

Skaitch,  n.  a  shelf  or  ledge. 

Skar?'  |  adJ'  wild'  timid'  sh^ 

Skeear  (Pr.  of  scar  or  sker),  n.  a  stony 
gravel  bed  in  the  sea  where  shell- 
fish are  often  gathered,  which  differs 
from  the  sands  that  surround  it  in 
being  always  hard  and  firm  ground, 
whilst  they  are  shifting  and  variable. 
Gael,  sgeir,  a  rock  in  the  sea,  M. 
sger. 

Skell,  n.  a  shell. 

Skel-boose,  n.  the  wooden  division  be- 
tween two  cattle  stalls. 

Skelp,  (1)  v.t.  to  beat.  (2)  v.i.  To  leap 
or  move  quickly,  to  skip  or  run  with 
great  strides. 

Skelp,  n.  a  hard  blow.  Gael,  sgeilp,  a 
blow. 

Skelpin',  adj.  stout,  lusty. 

Skelper,  n.  (1)  anything  very  large.  (2) 
A  smart  stroke.  Gael,  sgealp,  a  slap 
with  the  palm  of  the  hand. 

Sken,  v.i.  to  squint.  Gael,  sgionnshuil, 
a  squint-eye. 

Skew,  n.  a  projection. 

Skew,  v.t.  to  cast  on  one  side. 

Skew-about,  v.t.  to  look  slily,  to  peep, 
to  pry  closely. 

Skewin',  adj.  looking  aslant. 

Skid,  v.i.  to  affix  a  hook  to  the  wheel 
of  a  coach  or  waggon  to  prevent  it 
descending  too  rapidly  down  a  hill. 

Skid-pan,  n.  the  shoe  with  which  the 
wheel  of  a  carriage  is  locked. 

Skift,  n.  a  removal.  O.N.  skipta,  mu- 
tatio,  permutatio. 

Skift,  n.  a  woman's  under  garment, 
shift,  chemise. 

Skift,  v.t.  to  shift,  to  remove. 

Skill  on,  v.i.  to  esteem.  "  I  could'nt 
skill  on  him  "  =  I  could  not  relish  or 
approve  of  him.  O.N.  skilja,  intelli- 
gere,  nosse,  scire,  S.G.  skilja,  distin- 
guere,  intelligere. 

Skillet,  n.  a  small  pot  of  iron  or  copper 
or  brass,  with  a  long  handle.  Gael. 
sgeileid,  a  skillet,  a  small  boiler. 

Skilvings,  n.  a  wooden  frame  to  fix  on 
the  top  of  a  cart  in  order  to  widen 
and  extend  its  size,  principally  when 
carrying  hay,  grain,  straw,  or  thorns. 

Skim,  v.t.  to  make  anything  to  fly 
swiftly  but  smoothly. 


Skinner,  n.  a  dealer  in  skins. 

Skinny,  adj.  miserly. 

Skip,  n.  a  basket  made  of  rushes  or 
straw.  Gael,  sgeap,  a  beehive,  a 
basket. 

Skip-jack,  n.  (1)  a  dandy,  puppyish 
fellow.     (2)  A  servant  man. 

Skir,  v.t.  to  slide  on  the  ice.  Gael. 
sgiorr,  slide,  M.  skir,  slip,  slide. 

Skir,  n.  a  slide. 

Skirl,  v.i.  to  scream,  to  shriek. 

Skit,  v.t.  to  despise,  to  scorn.  "She 
skit  at  him  "  =  She  contemned  him. 

Skit,  n.  a  sarcasm,  a  severe  reflection. 

Skite,  v.t.  merdis  aspergere.  S.G.  skita, 
stercus  excernere,  A.S.  scitan. 

Skitter-brained,  adj.  giddy  and  thought- 
less. 

Skitters,  n.  the  diarrhoea  in  animals. 
A.S.  scitta,  a  flux. 

Skorkle,  v.t.  to  scorch. 

Skot,  n.  a  prop. 

Skraum,  v.i.  to  grope  about  with  ex- 
tended arms.     See  Scraamb. 

Skreak,  v.i.  to  creak. 

Skrike,  v.i.  to  screech,  to  shriek.  S.G. 
skrika,  Dan.  skrige,  to  shriek,  scream, 
screech. 

Skrike,  n.  a  shriek  or  scream.  W.ysgrech, 
Dan.  skrig. 

Skuft,  n.  nape  of  the  neck. 

Skyander,  v.i.  to  fly  about  in  a  flighty 
manner. 

Slaake,  n.  a  sort  of  sea-weed, 

Slaake,  v.i.  to  walk  slowly,  to  saunter. 

Slake,  v.t.  to  smear,  to  bedaub.  M. 
slaaik,  mortar,  a  composition  to  daub 
on,  O.  N.  sleikja,  lambere,  N,Fris. 
slacke. 

Slabber,  v.t.  to  soil  or  dirty.  Du.  slabbben, 
to  slabber. 

Slabby,  adj.  sloppy,  dirty. 

Slache,  v.i.  to  loiter. 

Slack,  n.  a  hollow  or  depressed  piece 
of  ground. 

Slack,  adj.  (1)  dull,  low,  depressed  ; 
applied  to  trade.  (2)  Loose;  as,  "My 
tuth  is  sooa  slack  I'se  fear'd  it'll  tum- 
mel  out." 

Slack-deed.  A  phrase  signifying  dul- 
ness  or  inactivity  in  business  or 
action  generally ;  as,  "Slack-deed  in 
the  iron-trade  "=  Depression  in  the 
iron-trade  ;  "Slack-deed  among  the 
fishermen  "= Very  little  employment 
for  them. 

Slacken,  v.i.  to  fall  in  price.  "Corn 
begins  to  slacken^ 

75 


SL 


SL 


Slack-water,  n.  a  deficiency  of  water, 
through  which  the  machinery  of  mills 
erected  on  streams  is  deprived  of 
sufficient  motive  power. 

Slade,  n.  flat,  moist  ground  in  a  valley. 

Slafter,  Pr.  of  slaughter. 

Slag,  n.  refuse  of  iron,  lead,  or  other 
ores,  the  cinder  of  a  bad  or  spurious 
sort  of  coal. 

Slagger,  v.i.  to  walk  in  a  slovenly  way. 

Slaggerin',  adj.  heedless,  careless. 

Slair,  v.i.  to  walk  slovenly. 

Slaited,  adj.  of  a  woman  when  her 
petticoat  hangs  below  her  gown. 

Slake,  n.  literally,  a  lick,  thence  a  mere 
touch  or  slight  rub,  instead  of  a  good 
cleansing  or  wiping  :  furniture  half 
cleaned  is  said  to  have  had  the  slut's 
slake. 

Slam,  n.  a  kind  of  muscle. 

Slammock,  v.i.  to  walk  with  an  awk- 
ward, undulating,  gait. 

Slane,  n.  smut  in  corn.  [lence. 

Slap,  v.i.  to  walk  with  speed  and  vio- 

Slape,  adj.  (1)  slippery,  smooth.  Hence, 
metaphorically,  (2)  Specious,  crafty. 
O.N.  sleipr,  lubricus. 

Slape-faiyas,  n.  a  mealy-mouthed  hy- 
pocrite, a  sanctimonious  dissembler. 

Slapeness,  n.  slipperiness. 

Slape-shod,  adj.  of  a  horse  when  his 
shoes  are  worn  down  smooth. 

Slap-up,  v.t.  to  swallow  greedily.  "  He 
slaps  up  his  poddish  in  neya  time." 

Slashy,  adj.  splashy,  wet  and  dirty. 
"  It's  nobbet  slashy  wedder."  Comp. 
Sw.  slash  vader,  wet,  dirty  weather, 
slaskig,  dirty,  rainy. 

Slat,  v.t.  to  slop  or  dash  water  about. 

Slat,  n.  a  spot  of  dirt,  a  slop. 

Slate  off,  To  have  a.  Metaph.  for  not 
being  quite  compos  mentis. 

Slatt,  adj.  splashed. 

Slatter,  Corr.  of  slaughter. 

Slatter,  v.t.  to  spill,  to  besprinkle,  to 
slop,  to  waste. 

Slattery,  adj.  wet,  dirty. 

Slaver,  n.  (1)  viscid  saliva.  (2)  Flattery. 

Slaver,  v.i.  to  emit  viscid  saliva  and 
let  it  hang  from  the  mouth. 

Slavering-  cleyath,  n.  a  child's  bib. 

gW  |  Pr.  of  sloe. 

Sleek,  v.t.  (1)  to  quench,  to  assuage  ; 

of   thirst.     (2)    To   extinguish.     M. 

sleick,  to  slake  or  quench,  O.N.  slokva, 

extinguere,  Sw.  slacka. 
Sleek,  n.  small  pit-coal. 


v.i.  to  walk  awkwardly. 

O.N.  sledi,  traha, 


Sleek-trough,  n.  a  trough  of  water, 
into  which  blacksmiths  dip  hot  iron 
to  cool  it. 

Sled, 

Sledder, 

Sled,  n.  a 
Sw.  slade 

Sleds,  n.  old  shoes. 

U£  |  adj.  smooth. 

Sleeve,  v.t.  to  kiss. 

Slem,  v.i.  to  approach  slily. 

Slench,  v.i.  to  hunt  privately,  as  dogs 
do ;  to  steal  food,  as  cats  and  dogs  do. 

Slewed,  adj.  intoxicated. 

Slidder,  v.i.  to  slide,  to  slip. 

Sliddery,  adj.  slippery.  Sw.  sliddrig, 
loose,  smooth. 

Sling,  (1)  v.i.  to  move  with  long  though 
not  quick  steps.  "  My  horse  slings 
away  at  a  girt  rate  "=  Gets  over  the 
ground  with  apparent  ease.  (2)  To 
sneak,  to  lounge.  (3)  v.t.  To  cast  or 
throw. 

Slingin',  adj.  sneaking,  lounging.  A.S. 
slincan,  to  slink,  crawl,  creep. 

Slink,  n.  a  calf  produced  before  its  time. 

Slink-butcher,  n.  one  who  kills  poor  or 
diseased  cattle. 

Slip,  n.  a  pillow-case. 

Slip,  v.t.  to  drop  (calf  or  a  foal)  prema- 
turely. "T'  cow  hez  slipped  her  coaf." 

Slip-down,  n.  milk  just  begun  to  curdle. 

Slipe,  v.t.  (1)  to  take  away  the  outside 
covering  from  anything.  (2)  To  split, 
to  slice.  Sw.  slipa,  to  cut,  Dan.  slibe, 
to  cut  off.  (3)  To  seize  or  take  away 
anything  suddenly. 

Slippy,  adj.  (1)  slippery.  (2)  Very  quick. 
"Luk  slippy  v =  Be  very  quick. 

Slip-treyace,  n.  a  person  given  to  shirk- 
ing work.  (The  notion  is  taken  from 
a  horse,  who  ought  to  be  drawing, 
slipping  his  traces  so  as  to  avoid  it.) 

Slir,  ) 

Slor,  >  v.i.  to  slide. 

Slur,) 

Slobber,  v.t.  to  eat  spoon-meat  in  a 
filthy  manner. 

Slobbery,  adj.  wet,  sloppy. 

Slocken,  v.t.  to  slake,  to  quench. 

Slong,  n.  an  indolent,  clownish  fellow. 

Slonk,  v.i.  to  hang  about  heavily  and 
lazily,  as  indolent  persons  do. 

Slope,  v.t.  to  trick,  to  cheat. 

Slops,  n.  large,  wide  trousers.  Du.  slop, 
wide  and  loose. 

Slosh,  n.  snow  in  a  melting  state. 


SL 


SN 


Slot,  n.  a  hollow  tuck  in  a  cap. 

Slotch,  n.  a  dirty,  greedy  eater. 

Slough,  n.  the  skin  of  a  gooseberry. 

Sloum,  v.i.  to  slumber. 

Sludge,  ) 

Slush,     >  n.  wet  mud,  any  wet  dirt. 

Slutch,  ) 

Slug,  n.  a  lazy  fellow. 

Shimmer,  Pr.  of  slumber. 

Slutchy,  adj.  slimy,  muddy. 

Slutty,  adj.  dirty. 

Smacker,  n.  a  kiss  vehemently  given, 

making  a  great  noise. 
Smack-smooth,  adv.  in  a  reckless  way. 
Smarten,  v.t.  to  dress  up  in  one's  best. 

"  Go  an'  smarten  thisel  up"=Go  and 

put  on  your  best  clothes. 
Smarts,  n.  small  rods  cut  down    in 

coppice  woods. 
Smasher,  n.  anything  very  large. 
Smatch,  n.  a  taste,  or  flavour.     S.G.. 

smak,  gustus. 
Smelt,  n.  the  young  of  the  salmon  (or 

salmon-trout)  from  the  time  of  taking 

the  white  scales  up  to  the  time  of  its 

going  down  to  the  sea. 
§middy,  Pr.  of  smithy. 
Smiddy-bellies,  n.  smithy-behows.  O.N. 

smidiubelgr,  follis. 
Smile,  v.i.  to  mantle,  as  beer  or  wine. 
Smit,  v.t.  to  mark  sheep. 
Smit,  n.  a  black  mark  of  soot  or  dirt 

on  the  face.     A.S.  smitta,  smut,  M. 

smittan,  Dan.  smitte,  a  spot  or  stain. 
Smitching.  adj..  infectious.    Sw.  smitta, 

contagion,  infection,  Dan.  smitte. 
Smithen,  v.t.  to  sprinkle  meal  on  the 

backboard  before  baking. 
Smittle,  adj.  infectious. 
Smittle,  v.t.  to  infect. 
Smittlin',  adj.  infecting. 
Smock,  11.  a  woman's  shift  or  chemise. 

M.  smock,  a  shift,  A.S.  smoc. 
Smock-race,  n.  a  race  run  by  women  in 

their  smocks. 
Smook,  11.  to  beat  severely. 
Smoor,  v.t.  to  smother.     M.  smorian,  to 

suffocate,  Du.  smooren. 
Smoorin',  adj.  smothering,  suffocating. 
Smoot,  it.  a  hole  in  a  hedge  through 

which  hares  or  rabbits  run. 
Smooth, v.t.  to  iron  linen. 
Smoothing-iron,  n.  a  box-iron. 
Smost,  adj.  smallest.     O.N.  smast. 
Smouch,  v.t.  to  kiss. 
Smoucher,  n.  a  kiss. 
Smudge,  v.t.   to  smear,  to  soil.     Sw, 

smutsa,  to  dirty,  to  sully. 

LofC. 


Smudgy,  adj.  smoky  and  filled  with 
particles  of  soot  or  smudge. 

Smush,  adj.  fine,  gay,  smart. 

Smush,  n.  anything  reduced  to  powder. 

Snag,  n.  a  tooth  standing  alone. 

Snag,  v.t.  to  trim,  to  cut  off  the  twigs 
and  small  branches  from  a  tree  or 
pole,  etc.  ;  to  lop  off,  to  cut  short. 
To  snag  out,  is  to  trim  the  rods,  etc. 
after  the  underwood  is  cut. 

Snap,  n*  a  small  round  cake  of  ginger- 
bread made  very  crisp. 

Snape,  n.  a  check. 

Snape,  v.t.  to  snub,  to  check  forward- 
ness. 

Snarl,  v.t.  to  entangle. 

Snatch-apple,  n.  a  game  similar  to 
"Bob-cherry,"  but  played  with  an 
apple. 

Snaze,  v.t.  to  clip  or  cut  a  hedge, 

Sneck,  n.  (1)  that  part  of  the  iron 
fastening  of  a  door  which  raises  the 
latch.  (2)  A  piece  or  tongue  of  land 
jutting  into  an  adjoining  field,  or 
intersecting  it. 

Sneck,  v.t.  to  latch. 

Snerp,  )  v.t.  and  v.i.  to  dry  up  with 

Snirp,  )      heat,  to  shrivel  up. 

Snerple,  v.t,  to  shrivel  up  by  the  effects 
of  heat. 

Snert,  )  v.i.  to  try  to  suppress  a  laugh, 

Snirt,  )      but  ineffectually. 

Snert,  n.  an  ineffectual  attempt  to  sup- 
press a  laugh. 

Sneul,  n.  a  snail. 

Snick- snarled,  adj.  entangled. 

Sniflle,  v.i.  to  snuff  up,  as  people  do 
when  the  nose  is  full  from  cold. 

Snifter,  v.i.  (1)  to  whimper,  to  cry.  (2) 
To  sniffle,  to  snuff  up  the  breath 
through  the  nose. 

Snig,  n.  an  eel. 

Snig,  v.t.  to  drag  heavy  substances,  as 
timber,  along  the  ground  by  means 
of  a  carriage-frame  with  large  wheels. 

Snig-prod,  n.  an  eel-spear. 

Snite,  v.t.  to  blow  the  nose.  A.S. 
snytan,  O.N.  snita,  emungere,  Sw. 
snyta,  Dan.  snyde,  to  blow  the  nose. 

Snob,  ii.  a  journeyman  shoemaker. 

Snod,  adj.  smooth,  sleek  ;  an  abbrevi- 
ation of  the  Latin  sine  nodo,  Mr. 
Carr,  Crav.  Gloss.  [The  word  really 
depends  on  O.N.  snodinn,  smooth, 
N.  snoydd,  made  smooth  or  bare, 
S.G.  snod,  bare.     Ed.] 

Snodden,  v.t.  to  make  smooth. 

Snoozlin,  adj.  nestling. 

77 


SN 


SP 


Snot -clout,  n.  a  pocket-handkerchief. 
Snotter,  v.i.  to  cry,  to  snivel. 
Snottergob,  n.  (1)  mucus  nasi.   (2)  The 

red  part  of  a  turkey's  head.     (3)  A 

dirty  mouth.      (4)  A   contemptible 

person. 
Snout-band,  n.  the  iron  on  the  toes  of 

clog  soles. 
Snue,  v.i.  to  turn  up  the  nose,  or  sneer 

at  any  one.    O.N.  sniia,  vertere,  flec- 

tere,  contorquere,  Dan.  snue,  to  sniff, 

snuff,  snort. 
Snumin',  adj.  low,  mean,  sneaking. 
Snule,  v.i.  to  speak  through  the  nose. 
Snuzzle,  v.i.  to  cuddle. 
Sock,  v.t.  to  beat,  to  thrash. 
Sodher,  v.t.  to  solder.  W.  sawdriaw. 
Soft,  adj.  moist,  mild ;  said  of  weather. 
Soggy,  adj.  wet,  moist,  swampy. 
Soil,  v.  t.  to  feed  cattle  with  green  food 

in  the  house. 
Solid,  adj.  grave,  serious. 
Some-like,  adj.  some,  a  few;  as,  "Some- 
like  seemed  ready  to  tek  what  tha 

offered,  but  not  many.    O.Fris.  sumi- 

like,  some,  a  few,  Sw.  somlige,  some. 
Sonsie,  adj.  pleasant,  agreeable,  plump, 

fat. 
Soop,  Pr.  of  sup. 
Soople   (Pr.  of  swipple),  n.  the  heavy 

end  of  a  flail,  the  part  which  strikes 

the  corn. 
Soot,  n.  the  rot  in  sheep.  [away. 

Sooty,  adv.  of  animals  that  are  wasting 
Sooth,  n.  truth.     A.S.  sod. 
Soppy,   adj.  lying  in   small  heaps   or 

masses  upon  the  field,  as  mown  grass, 

not  properly  spread,  does.  W.  sopen, 

a  bundle  of  hay,  etc. 
Sops,  n.  tufts  of  green  grass  in  the  hay, 

not  properly  dried. 
Sops,  n.  lumps  of  black-lead. 
Sore,  adj.  grieved. 
Soss,  (1)  v.i.  to  lap  as  a  dog.    "Soss! 

Soss ! "  an  expression  used  to  tempt 

dogs  to  take  their  liquid  food.     (2) 

v.t.  to  throw  heavily. 
Soss,    adj.  direct,  plump.      "  He  com 

dawn  wi'  a  girt  soss." 
Sotter,  v.i.  to  make  a  noise  in  boiling, 

as  water  does. 
Sough,  n.  an  underground  drain,  a  wet 

ditch.     "W.  soch,  a  sink,  drain. 
Sough,  )  n.  a  hollow  murmur  in   the 
Suff,       )      air. 
Souk,  Pr.  of  suck.     The  word  used  to 

call  a  calf  to  its  feeding  bucket. 
Souky,  n.  a  pet  name  for  a  calf. 
78 


Souple,  Pr.  of  supple. 

Souplejack,  n.  a  cane. 

Soupy  (Pr.  of  soppy),  adj.  wet  and 
swampy. 

Sour,  adj.  coarse  and  innutritious  ;  said 

•     of  grass  grown  on  cold,  wet  land. 

Sour-dock,  n.  wild  sorrel. 

Sour  dough  or  doff,  n.  leaven. 

Sourin'.    See  Saurin. 

Sow,  n.  a  blow,  a  knock. 

Sowl,  v.t.  to  take  a  person  by  the  ears 
and  put  him  in  the  water. 

Spaek,  pret.  of  To  speak. 

Spainin',  n.  weaning  of  lambs,  etc. 

Spaits,  n.  torrents  of  rain  at  intervals. 

Spalch,  v.i.  to  split.  A  carpenter,  in 
working  a  board  with  a  plane,  if  a 
bit  splits  away  or  breaks  off,  will  say 
that  it  spalches  off.  Gael,  spealt, 
cleave,  split,  Du.  spalkaen,  to  splint, 
S.G.  spjala,  to  cleave,  Sw.  spjalka,  to 
split,  Dan.  spalte,  to  split. 

Spane,  )  v.i.  to  germinate,  as  corn  when 

Spean,  )  it  begins  to  detach  itself 
from  the  parent  grain. 

Spang,  (1)  v.i.  to  walk  fast.  "  Come 
let  us  spang:  away."  (2)  v.t.  To  throw 
with  violence. 

Spang,  n.  a  spring,  a  jump. 

Spanged,  adj.  variegated. 

Spang- whew,  adv.  with  violence.  "He 
come  spang-whew." 

Spang- whew,  v.t.  to  kill  a  toad,  by 
placing  it  on  one  end  of  a  lever,  and 
then  driving  it  rapidly  into  the  air 
by  a  sharp  stroke  on  the  other  end. 
W.  ysponc,  a  jerk,  a  spirt. 

Span-new,  adj.  quite  new.  O.N.  spdn- 
nyr  ;  spdnn,  a  chip  or  shaving. 

Spar,  n.  the  coat  or  covering  of  ore  or 
metal. 

Spar,  Pr.  of  spare.    O.N.  spar,  parcus. 

Spar,  v.t.  to  spare,  save,  do  without. 

Sparling,  n.  a  small  sea-fish. 

Sparklin'-heeat,  n.  said  of  iron  when 
it  emits  bright  white  sparks. 

Sparabills,  n.  small  nails  without  heads, 
used  by  country  shoemakers  to  put 
in  the  soles  of  shoes. 

Spats,  n,  short  walking  gaiters. 

Spattle,  n.  a  small  iron  or  wood  instru- 
ment to  clean  spades  or  the  share  of 
a  plough  with. 

Splaw,  adj.  splay. 

Speal,  n.  a  chip,  or  small  slit  stick,  a 
small  splinter  of  wood.  S.G.  spjale, 
lamina  lignea,  spjall,  segmentum. 
lamina. 


SP 


ST 


Spean,  v.t.  to  wean. 

Speaned,  adj.  gelded,  barren. 

Speel-beyan,w.the  small  bone  of  the  leg. 

Speed,  n.  luck,  fortune. 

Spelks,  n.  slender-pointed  sticks,  bent 
and  with  both  ends  thrust  into  the 
thatch  to  keep  it  down.  A.S.  spelc, 
a  little  rod  by  which  anything  is  kept 
straight,  Gael,  spealg,  a  splinter,  a 
fragment,  M.  spelt,  a  wattle  or  hurdle. 

Speer,  v.t.  to  ask  for,  to  inquire.  Sw. 
sporja. 

Spelder,  v.t,  to  spell. 

Spell,  n.  a  species  of  trap  used  at 
"Spell  and  Knor." 

Spell-and-Knor,  n.  a  boy's  game,  some- 
thing similar  to  trap-ball.  It  is  played 
with  a  pumhead,  a  knor,  and  a  spell. 
By  striking  the  end  of  the  spell  with 
the  pumhead,  the  knor  rises  into 
the  air,  and  the  art  of  the  game  is  to 
strike  it  with  the  pumhead  before  it 
falls  to  the  ground.  Those  who  make 
the  greatest  score,  in  point  of  dis- 
tance, in  the  fewest  innings,  win  the 
game.  The  game  is  elsewhere  called 
Nurr-spell.  Sw.  spel,  game,  play. 
Du.  spel,  play,  sport,  or  gaming. 


Spent, 


exhausted. 


Spern,  n.  a  projecting  point  of  steel 
upon  a  horse's  shoe. 

Spetch,  n.  a  patch. 

Spice,  n.  sweetmeats  of  any  kind. 

Spick-and-span-new,  adj.  quite  new. 

Spiddock,  n.  a  spigot. 

Spider-shanks,  n.  a  person  with  thin 
legs  and  no  calves. 

Spile,  n.  (1)  a  pile  for  foundations.  (2) 
A  splinter. 

Spile,  v.t.  (1)  to  drive  piles.  (2)  To 
make  a  foundation  in  soft  earth  by 
driving  in  a  pile  or  piles. 

Spill,  n.  a  pipe-lighter. 

Spine,  n.  a  thorn. 

Spink,  n.  a  chaffinch.  W.  yspincyn,  a 
chaffinch. 

Spinked,  adj.  spotted. 

Spinnel,  Pr.  of  spindle. 

Spinnle,  v.i.  to  grow  up  quickly  and 
weakly,  as  plants  do  in  wet,  warm 
weather,  or  when  growing  too  thickly 
together. 

Spire,  n.  a  young  tree  left  for  standing 
in  coppice  woods. 

Spire,  v.i.  to  shoot  up  luxuriantly. 

Spit.  To  spit  in  confirmation  of  a  bar- 
gain, as  is  frequently  done  by  butchers 
and  farmers  in  selling  cattle. 


Spit,  n.  the  depth  a  spade  goes  in  dig- 
ging ;  about  a  foot. 
Spit-deep,  adj.  to  the  depth  reached  by 

a  spade  in  the  action  of  digging. 
Spittle,  n.  a  flat  board  or  spatula,  with 

a  sharp  edge  or  handle  to  turn  out 

cakes  with.     See  Spattle. 
Splaader,  v.t.  to  spread  or  sprawl  out 

the  hands  and  feet. 
Splash,  v.t.  to  cut  and  trim  hedges. 
Splint,  n.  a  splinter  of  wood  such  as  often 

runs  into  the  fingers  of  carpenters 

when  planing  wood. 
Splirt,  v.t.  to  spurt  out. 
Spoke-shayav,  n.  a  narrow  plane  used 

for  smoothing  the  inside  of  the  spokes 

of  a  wheel. 
Sponsible,  adj.  respectable,  well  to  do. 
Spool,  n.  a   small  wheel    for  winding 

yarn  upon. 
Spoon-meeat,   n.   broth,    liquid,   food, 

soup,  etc. 
Spoor,  v.t.  to  track  a  hare  by  her  foot- 
steps.    A.S.  spurian,  to  trace. 
Spor  (Pr.  of  spur),  n.  (1)  a  prop.    (2) 

A  thick  branch  of  a  tree.  (3)  A  small 

ditto. 
Spor,  v.t.  to  prop  up. 
Spout,  n.     See  Whirly-spout. 
Sprags,  n.  nails,  sprigs. 
Spreckled,  adj.  speckled. 
Sprent,  n.  a  spot  or  stain. 
Sprig,  n.  (1)  a  thin,  long  nail.     (2)  A 

small,  slender  person. 
Sprig-bit,  an  awl  of  the  size  requisite 

to  make  holes  to  receive  the  nails 

called  sprigs. 
Spring,  v.i.  to  give  tokens  of  calving. 
Spring,  n.  a  young  wood. 
Sprint,  n.  a  gin  or  snare  for  catching 

birds. 
Sprod,  n.  a  young  salmon  at  its  state 

of  growth  between  being  a  smelt  and 

a  mort. 
Sprout  potatoes,  To.     To  break  the 

young  sprouts  off. 
Spying-glass,  n.  a  telescope. 
Squab,  n.  a  long  seat,  a  rude  sofa. 
Squandered,  adj.  dispersed. 
Squary,  adj.  short  and  fat,  large. 
Squinsy,  Corr.  of  quinsey. 
Squirt    about,    To.      To  run  rapidly 

about,  to  frisk  about. 
Stabs,  n.  the  steps  of  a  ladder. 
Staddlin',  n.  sticks,  thorns,  straw,  and 

other  matters  placed  as  a  foundation 

for  a  stack. 
Staddle,  n.  a  ground-work  for  a  stack 
79 


ST 


ST 


of    corn,   generally  consisting  of   a 

layer  of  stones  covered  over  with 

straw  to  keep  out  the  ground  damp. 

Staff  in  a  place,  To  put  van's.     To 

take  up  his  residence. 
Staff-and-band-hedge>  )   n.    a    hedge 
Staff-hedge,  ]      made    with 

stakes  raddled  with  thorns,  or  hazel, 

generally  both. 
Stag,   n.    (1)   a  young    horse.     (2)   A 

romping  girl. 
Staggering-bob,  n.  a  cant  name  for  a 

very  young  calf. 
Staggers,   n.   the  giddiness   in  sheep 

occasioned  by  hydatids  in  the  brain. 
Stainch,  n.  a  root'  like  liquorice. 
Stainty,  n.  a  stallion,  an  entire  horse. 
Stayan-check,  n.  a  name  for  the  stone- 
chat. 
Standers,  n.  trees  left  in  coppice  woods- 

for  timber. 
Stang,  v.i.  to  shoot  or  throb  with  pain. 
Stang,  n.  (1)  a  wooden  bar  or  pole.  TV. 

y stang,  a  pole  or  long  staff  to  measure 

with,  A.S.  stenge,  a  bar  of  wood,  pole, 

stang,  O.N.  stang,  pertica,  Sw.  stang, 

pole,  staff,  bar,  Dan.  stang,  a  pole, 

Du.  stange.     (2)  The  shaft  of  a  cart. 

(3)  A  strong  piece  of  wood  on  which 

the  carcases  of  beasts  are  suspended. 
Stapple,  Pr.  of  staple. 
Stark,  adj.  stiff,  stiff  with  cold.     M. 

stark,  stiff,  inflexible,  A.S.  stare,  hard, 

severe,  S.G.  stark,  rigidus,  immobilis. 
Stark,  adv.  very,  exceedingly;  as,  stark 

mad ;  stark  staring  mad  =  Yery  angry, 

excessively  enraged. 
Starken,  v.t.  to  tighten.    "Starken  t' 

reyap  a  lile  bit  "  =  Tighten  the  rope  a 

little. 
Starkish,  adj.  stiffish,  and  rather  un- 

tractable. 
Star-slubber,  n.  a  gelatinous  substance 

often  seen  in  fields  after  rain. 
Starved,  adj.  excessively  cold. 
Statute -hirings,  n.  assemblages  of  farm 

servants  at  Whitsuntide  to  be  hired. 
Staup,  v.i.  to  move  heavily,  to  take 

long  steps. 
Staupins',  n.  the  holes  made  by  the 

feet  of  horses,  etc.,  in  miry  highways. 
fo  au  er,  i  v  ^  ^  stumDie  or  stagger. 

Staw-fed  (Pr.  of  stall-fed),  adj.  fed  to 

satiety. 
Stays,  n.  the  breechings  of  a  horse. 
Steak,  )  v.t.  to   shut  a  door  or  gate. 
Steck,  J      "Steck  t'  duer." 
80 


Stead,  n.  a  farm-house  and  offices.  A.S. 

stede,  a  place,  station.     Common  in 

such  words  as  House-stead,  Heyam- 

stead,  etc. 
Steal,  Pr.  of  stool. 
Stean,  Pr.  of  stone. 
Stecked,  adj.  stubborn.  A  stecked  horse 

is  one  that  refuses  to  draw. 
Stecks,  To  tek  t\     To  become  restive. 
Stee,  n.  a  ladder.     A.S.  stige,  a  path, 

Sw.  stege,  a  ladder,  Dan.  stige. 
Steel,  Pr.  of  stile. 
Steep,  n.  rennet. 
Steeping-rain,  n.  a  soaking  rain. 
Steer,  adj.  steep. 
Steg,  n.  a  gander. 
Stele,  n.  a  handle.     A.S.  stela. 
Step,  n.  a  walking  distance. 
Step-mother,  n.  a  loose  piece  of  the 

band  of  the  finger  nail  when  rubbed 

backwards* 
Step-staiy'ns,  n.  stones  placed  at  inter- 
vals across  a  stream. 
Stew,  n.  a  cloud  of  dust  or  vapour. 

Isl.  stofa,  vapour. 
Steyad,  Pr.  of  stood. 
Steyak,  Pr.  of  stake.    "Steyak  an  yed- 

der  " = A  fence  made  of  stakes  driven 

into  the   ground   and  wattled  with 

thorns. 
Steyak,  v.t.  to  defend  a  fishery  in  a 

river  by  means  of  stakes,   so  as  to 

prevent  nets  being  used. 
Steyatsman    (Pr.  of   statesman),   one 

who  occupies  his  own  estate,  a  small 

landowner. 
Stick,  v.t.  to  cut  a  beast's  throat,  to  stab. 
Stickin' -piece,  n.  that  part  of  the  neck 

of  the  animal  where  the  butcher's 

knife  has  been  inserted. 
Stick-knife,   n,   a  large  pocket-knife. 

O.N.  stickhnifr,  pugio. 
Stickle,  v.t.  to  scrapie. 
Stickle,  adj.  sharp-pointed. 
Stickle,    n.   a  name    given  to   sharp- 
pointed  hills,  as  Stickle  Pike,  near 

Broughton,  in  Furness. 
Sticks,  n.  furniture. 
Stidden,  p.p.  of  To  stand. 
Stiddy,  )  ., 

Stithy,  \  n'  an  anvd' 
Stiddy  (Pr.  of  steady),  adj.  sober,  at- 
tentive. 
Stiff,  adj.  (1)  strong,  broad,  squat,  lusty. 

(2)   Proud.    "He  is  as  stiff  as  if  he 

had  swallowed  a  gavelock." 
Stiffen,  v.i.  to  grow  strong,  to  enlarge, 

to  swell  out. 


ST 


ST 


Stiff-hefted,  adj.  stingy,  mean. 

Stiffinger,  n.  a  squat  broadset  man. 

Stiller,  n.  a  severe  blow. 

Stiles,  n.  the  framework  of  panelled 
woodwork. 

Stilts,  n.  the  handles  of  a  plough. 

Stammer,  n,  an  iron  rammer  used  in 
blasting. 

Stinge,  n.  the  sting  of  a  bee  or  wasp. 

Stinkin  Roger,  n.  the  plant  Geranium 
Robertianum. 

Stint,  n.  (1)  a  limit,  quantity,  or  allow- 
ance of  anything,  as  of  labour,  vic- 
tuals, etc.  (2)  A  limited  number  of 
cattle  gates  in  common  pasture. 

Stint,  v.t,  to  allot  a  pasture  or  common 
to  a  certain  number  of  gates. 

Stiper,  n.  a  piece  of  wood  fixed  upright 
in  the  doorway  of  a  barn,  against 
which  the  double  doors  are  shut. 

Stir  on,  He  has  plenty  to.  He  is 
very  rich. 

Stirk,  n.  a  year-old  beast,  a  young 
heifer.     A.S.  stirc. 

Stirrin',  n.  the  ploughing  and  harrow- 
ing of  land,  fallowing,  etc. 

Stitch,  n.  (1)  a  narrow  ridge  of  land. 
(2)  As  much  land  as  lies  between  one 
furrow  and  another. 

Stiver,  n.  a  small  Dutch  coin. 

Sto  (Corr.  of  stall),  v.t.  to  tire,  to  satiate, 
glut,  or  cloy.  "  I  'se  quite  stoet "  =  I 
am  quite  tired  out  ;  or  horses  which 
are  stopped  or  set  fast  by  the  weight 
of  an  overload,  or  the  heaviness  of 
bad  roads,  or  are  unable  or  disinclined 
to  draw  further,  as  in  trailing  a 
heavy  load  up  a  steep  hill,  are  said 
to  be  stoet,  or  stalled. 

Stock,  n.  a  root. 

Stock,  v.t.  to  root  up. 

Stocken,  p.p.  of  To  steck. 

Stocks,  Bed-stocks,  n.  the  framework 
of  a  bed,  a  bedstead.  S.G.  stock, 
the  framework  or  forepart  of  a  bed- 
stead. 

Stokey,  adj.  close  or  sultry. 

Stonched,  Pr.  of  stanched. 

Stooden,^.  of  To  stand.  See  Stidden. 

Stoop,  n.  a  post,  a  gate-post  of  stone 
or  wood.  O.N.  stolpi,  columna,  Sw. 
stolpe,  a  post,  Dan.  stolpe,  a  post 

Stooth,  v.t.  to  apply  lath  and  plaster. 

Stoppen,  p.p.  of  To  stop. 

Stopple,  n.  the  stopper  of  a  bottle  or 
pipe. 

Storbt,  Corr.  of  disturbed. 

Store-pigs,  n.  pigs  kept  as  part  of  the 
G 


stock  of  a  farm,  and  intended  for 
slaughter  at  the  usual  time  when 
they  will  have  reached  their  full 
growth  and  age. 

Storken,  v.i.  to  congeal,  to  coagulate,  to 
become  stiff  or  rigid,  as  the  fat  of 
meat  does  when,  after  being  cooked, 
it  is  allowed  to  cool.  O.N.  storhna, 
congelare,  rigescere,  Dan.  storkne,  to 
coagulate,  to  curdle,  to  congeal. 

Storm,  Feeding- storm',  n.  daily  acces- 
sions of  snow. 

Storm-cock,  n.  a  name  for  the  missel- 
thrush. 

Stot,  n.  a  young  ox. 

Stoter,  v.i.  to  stumble. 

Stouk,  v.t.  to  set  up  sheaves  in  stouk, 

Stouk,  v.t.  a  shock  of  corn  of  ten 
sheaves.  "W.  ystwc,  a  shock  of  corn, 
M.  sthook,  a  pile  or  shock  of  sheaves. 
More  properly  stook. 

Stoup,  n.  a  pitcher.  O.N.  staup,  pocu- 
lum,  vas,  Sw.  stop,  a  liquid  measure 
containing  about  three  pints,  A.S. 
stoppa,  a  pot,  vessel,  cup. 

Stour,  v.i.  to  rise  up  in  clouds,  as  dust. 
Gael,  stur,  dust. 

Stour,  v.i.  to  stir,  or  be  moved  with  force. 

Stour,  n.  dust. 

Stower,  n.  a  hedge-stake. 

Stown,  Pr.  of  stolen. 

Strackle-brained,  adj.  wild,  unsteady, 
unsettled. 

Stracklin',  n.  a  loose,  roving  fellow. 

Straddle,  adj.  walking  wide,  or  wad- 
dling in  gait,  also  riding  wide  without 
stirrups. 

Strafen,  v.i.  to  rove  about. 

Straggelt,  )         worthieSs  fellow. 

Scragglet,  j 

Strain,  v.t.  to  copulate  ;  said  of  a  dog. 
[A.S.  strynan,  streonan,  strienan,  to 
beget,  breed  ;  strynde  suna  and 
dohtra,  begat  sons  and  daughters 
(quoted  in  Bosworth)  : 

"  Sir,  as  I  have  a  soul  she  (Anne  Boleyn)  is  an  angel : 
Our  king  has  all  the  Indies  in  his  arms, 
And  more  and  richer,  when  he  strains  that  lady." 
—Henry  VIII.  iv.  1.    Ed.] 

Strait,  adj.  narrow,  too  tight. 

Strake,  v.t.  to  make  smooth  or  level  at 
the  top  (applied  to  a  measure  full  of 
corn)  with  a  straight-edged  piece  of 
wood  called  a  straker. 

Straker,  n.  a  straight-edged  piece  of 
wood  for  taking  off  the  superfluous 
quantity  in  a  measure  of  corn  or 
grain. 

81 


ST 


sw 


Strand,  n.  the  sea-shore.  O.N.  stro'nd, 
littus,  ora,  Dan.  strand,  sea-shore, 
sea-side. 

Strang,  Pr.  of  strong. 

Strap,  n.  credit.     "  He  gat  on  strap.'" 

Stray,  n.  the  right  of  pasturing  cattle 
on  a  common. 

Streah,  Pr.  of  straw. 

Streak,  v.t.  to  stretch  oneself. 

Streamers,  n.  the  northern  lights. 

Streck,  adj.  straight.     A.S.  strwc. 

Strent,  n.  a  straggling  lock  of  hair. 

Strentin',  adj.  disordered,  dishevelled. 

Stretch,  v.i.  to  walk  in  a  dignified 
manner. 

Stretcher,  n.  a  stick  to  keep  out  the 
traces  from  the  horses  legs. 

Strickle,  n.  an  instrument  made  of 
wood,  and  covered  with  a  mixture  of 
grease  and  sand,  for  sharpening 
scythes. 

Strike,  v.t.  flies  are  said  to  strike,  and 
meat  to  be  struck,  when  the  latter 
is  fly-blown. 

Strike,  v.t.  (1)  to  make  a  straight  line 
by  means  of  a  chalked  piece  of  string. 
(2)  To  balance  (of  accounts). 

Striker,  n.  (1)  a  flat  piece  of  wood  for 
stroking  off  the  top  of  a  measure  of 
grain.  See  Straker.  (2)  A  heavy 
piece  of  wood,  with  which  the  fleam 
is  driven  into  the  vein  when  a  horse 
or  calf  is  bled. 

Strinkle,  v.t.  to  strew  or  scatter,  to 
sprinkle. 

Strinkling,  n.  a  sprinkling. 

Strip,  v.t.  to  strip  a  cow  is  to  milk  her 
very  clean,  so  as  to  leave  no  milk  in 
the  dug. 

Strippin's,  n.  the  last  milk  drawn  from 
a  cow  in  milking. 

Stroo,  v.t.  to  strain  a  liquid  through  a 
cloth,  or  to  press  it  through  a  narrow 
passage,  as  through  the  teeth. 

Stroo,  n.  a  strong  compressed  stream, 
such  as  issues  from  a  dock,  or  canal- 
lock  gates.  "  It  cum  wi'  a  girt  stroo." 
M.  stroo,  the  current  of  a  stream. 

Strum,  n.  a  strumpet. 

Strunty,  adj.  short. 

Strut,  v.t.  to  brace  or  support  (in  car- 
pentry). 

Stubby,  adj.  short,  thick. 

Stucker,  n.  the  state  when  the  air  of  a 
house  is  filled  with  steam  and  smoke. 

Stud,  n.  the  upright  spar  to  which  the 
laths  are  nailed  in  a  lath  and  plaster 
partition. 
82 


Stuffinger,  n.  one  who  overeats  himself, 
a  guttler. 

Stuffy,  adj.  fat,  pursy,  not  in  wind. 

Stullion,  n.  the  stocks  or  roots  of  a 
coppice  wood,  after  being  cut  down 
and  left  to  shoot  again. 

Stunch,  n.  one  that  is  short  and  stout. 

Stunch,  adj.  short  and  stout. 

Stupid,  adj.  obstinate. 

Sturdy,  n.  a  disease  peculiar  to  sheep, 
causing  them  to  stagger,  [arising 
from  the  presence  of  animalculse 
(hydatids)  in  the  brain.  Gael,  stuird, 
stuirdean,  vertigo,  a  disease  in  sheep, 
drunkenness,  It.  stordire,  to  make 
dizzy  or  giddy  in  the  head.  Wedg- 
wood.    Ed.] 

Sturdy,  adj.  sulky  and  obstinate. 

Stut,  v.i.  to  stutter  or  stammer  in 
speech. 

Suck,  n.  a  plough-share.  Fr.  soc,  the 
coulter  or  share  of  a  plough,  Gael. 
soc,  a  plough-share,  M.  soc  or  sock. 

Sud,  Corr.  of  should. 

Suff,  Pr.  of  sough. 

Sugar-loaf,  n.  a  high-crowned  hat. 

Summer,  v.t.  to  take  cattle  to  agist 
during  the  summer  months. 

Summer-barmed,  adj.  of  the  sponta- 
neous fermentation  of  malt  liquor 
from  the  heat  of  summer. 

Summer-tree,  n.  a  large  beam  reach- 
ing across  a  building. 

Sumpy,  adj.  swampy. 

Sup,  v.t.  to  drink  by  small  quantities 
at  a  time.  A.S.  supan,  to  sip,  to 
suck  up,  O.N.  supa,  sorbere,  Sw. 
supa,  to  drink. 

Sup,  n.  (1)  a  small  quantity  of  any 
liquid.  (2)  A  draught.  Sw.  sup,  a 
draught. 

Suppin's,  n.  food  of  a  liquid  nature. 

Sup  up,  v.t.  to  drink  off  a  glass  of 
liquor. 

Surfeit,  n.  a  severe  cold. 

Suss !  Suss !  A  call  to  swine  to  their 
meat. 

Swad,  n.  the  pod  of  peas  or  beans. 

Swaddy,  adj.  full  of  husks  or  pods. 

Swag,  v.i.  (1)  to  hang  loose  and  heavy. 
(2)  To  swing  about.  "  I  like  a  sheep 
wi'  a  good  sivaggin1  belly." 

Swaimous,  adj.  bashful,  shy. 

Swaip,  v.i.  to  walk  proudly. 

Swale,  v.t.  to  singe  or  burn. 

Swallow,  n.  a  hollow  in  the  ground 
into  which  water  runs  and  does  not 
appear  again. 


sw 


TA 


Swamp,  adj.  small  in  the  body,  lean: 

Swanking,  adj.  big,  large. 

Swarmle,  v.t.  to  climb  a  tree  which 
has  no  branches,  by  grasping  the 
butt  with  the  arms,  knees  and  legs, 
and  working  oneself  upwards. 

Swarth,  n.  (1)  sward,  grass.  (2)  Any 
outward  covering,  as  the  rind  of 
bacon. 

Swashy,  adj.  soft,  watery ;  as  vege- 
tables sometimes  are. 

Swat,  n.  the  dung  of  a  cow,  which  lies 
flat,  like  a  cake,  in  pastures. 

Swat  (Pr.  of  squat),  v.i.  to  sit  down. 

Swat,  v.t.  to  spill  a  liquid.  Dan. 
sqvatte,  to  splash,  to  spurt. 

Swatch,  v.t.  to  cut  off. 

Swatch,  n.  a  piece  cut  off. 

Swatter,  v.i.  to  dabble  in  the  water, 
as  ducks  do. 

Swattle,  v.t.  to  spend,  to  consume 
gradually. 

Sweal,  v.i.  to  gutter  as  a  candle  when 
the  flame  is  exposed  to  a  draught. 

Sweared,  pret.  of  To  swear. 

Sweetener,  n.  a  puffer  at  a  sale. 

Sweeties,  n.  sweetmeats.  [kind. 

Sweetmart,  n.  an  animal  of  the  marten 

Sweigh,  v.i.  (1)  to  lean  upon,  to  lean 
on  one  side.     (2)  To  incline. 

Sweigh,  n.  a  swing. 

Swerd,  Pr.  of  sword. 

Swewel,  v.t.  to  scorch,  to  singe. 

Swidden,  v.t.  to  singe. 

Swidge,  v.i.  to  ache,  to  feel  a  throb- 
bing pain. 

Swift,  n.  a  newt. 
will,  n.  a 
wisket. 

Swill,  v.t.  to  wash  hastily,  to  rinse. 
A.S.  swilian,  to  wash. 

Swillin's,  n.  hogs'-wash. 

Swillin'-tub,  n.  a  tub  in  which  swillings 
or  the  washings  of  vessels  are  pre- 
served. 

Swilter,  v.i.  to  waste  away  slowly. 

Swim,  v.i.  to  turn  giddy.  O.N.  svima, 
vertigine  turbari,  Dan.  svimle,  to  be 
dizzy  or  giddy. 

Swimmy,  adj.  giddy  in  the  head. 

Swine-cote,  \ 

Swine-lmll,  >  n.  a  pig-sty. 

Swine-sty,    ) 

Swine-saim,  n.  hogs'  lard. 

Swine-thistle,  |  n.    the    plant    sow- 


Swine-weed, 


thistle . 


Swinge,  v.t.  to  beat,  to  chastise.     A.S. 
swingafb,  to  whip,  scourge,  beat. 


Swinge,  v.t.  to  singe. 

Swing'l-trees,  n.  bars  attached  to  a 

plough,  which  prevent  the  drawing 

chains    from   pressing    against    the 

horses'  sides. 
Swint,  adj.  awry. 

Swirl  or  )  n.  a  place   amongst  moun- 
Swirrel,  ]     tains  where  the  wind  or 

snow  eddies  ;    as,  "  Swirrel  Band," 

"Swirrel  House,"  in  Coniston  fells. 

S.G.  swirra,  circumagitare. 
Swirt,  Pr.  of  squirt. 
Switch,  (1)  v.i.  to  walk  nimbly.     (2) 

v.t.     To  strike   quickly,   as  with  a 

switch. 
Switch,  n.  whiteweed.     See  Siss. 
Switches,  n.  sweets. 
Swizzem  v.t.  to  singe. 
Swizzle,  v.t.  to  drink  or  swill. 
Syme,  n.  a  frame  of  straw  to  set  pans  on. 


T',  art.  the.  In  Lonsdale  as  in  Craven, 
and  in  the  North  generally,  this 
article  suffers  elision,  even  when  the 
next  word  begins  with  a  consonant  ; 
as,  "f  woman,"  "f  kye,"  for  "the 
woman,"  "the  cows." 

Ta,  the  one.  An  abbr.  of  t'  ya  =  the 
one.  "  Ta  thee  kittles  "=  The  one 
thigh  itches.  A  native  of  Bulk  once 
puzzled  a  party  of  Londoners,  and 
won  a  bet  by  the  use  of  the  above 
expression,  of  which  they  could  not 
understand  a  word. 

Ta,  Corr.  of  thou. 

Taas,  n.  wood  split  thin  to  make 
baskets  with. 

Tab,  n.  (1)  the  latchet  of  a  shoe.  (2) 
The  tag  or  end  of  a  lace,  the  ex- 
treme end  of  anything. 

Tab-end,  n.  the  extreme  end. 

Tach,  v.t.  to  fasten,  to  attach. 

Taching-end,  n.  waxed  thread,  with  a 
bristle,  used  by  shoemakers. 

Tack,  n.  (1)  a  lease.  (2)  A  peculiar 
flavour. 

Taen,  Contr.  of  taken. 

Tag,  n.  the  end  of  a  fox's  tail. 

Taganandra,  v.t.  This  verb  denotes 
a  mode  of  securing  or  confining 
an  animal  to  a  place  of  confine- 
ment, as   by  a  stake  or  tether,  etc. 

I,U|s:ndhtahita|ta^aildra  = 

j, ii    (  put  thee  in 


|  send  thee  to  |    ^  place  of  con- 
83 


TA 


TE 


finement  or  security.     Cf.  Sw.  taka- 

hander,  a  depository,  att  setta  i  taka- 

hander,  to  consign,  to  deposit  a  thing 

with  one. 
Taggelt,  n.  an  idle,  dirty,  discreditable 

person. 
Tail-band,  n.  a  crupper. 
Tail-ends,  n.  inferior  samples  of  corn, 

such  as  being  hardly  marketable,  are 

usually  consumed  at  home. 
Taillier,  n.  a  tailor.     G.  tdillear,  M. 

thalhear,  Fr.  tailleur,  a  tailor. 
Taillier's  mense,  n.  a  small  portion  left 

by  way  of  good  manners. 
Taiyad,  Pr.  of  toad. 
Taiyad-pipes,  a  name  for  a  species  of 

equisetum. 
Taiyad-spit,  n.  the  froth  formed  by  the 

Cuckoo-spit  insect. 
Taiyas,  Pr.  of  toes. 
Tak,  Pr.  of  take. 

Tak',  (1)  v.t.  to  understand,  compre- 
hend.    (2)  v.i.  To  strike  root,  grow, 

thrive  ;  of  young  trees. 
Tak'  sham,  To.    To  be  ashamed. 
Tak'  up,  To.    (1)  v.t.  to  borrow  (money) 

(2)  v.i.  To  clear  up,  become  fine  after 

wet  or  storm. 
Tak'  up  for  any  one,  To.    To  espouse 

his  cause,  take  sides  with  him,  sup- 
port and  defend  him. 
Takkin',  n.  a  state  of  ill  temper,  a  tiff. 

"  He  woz  i'  sic  a  takkin  about  it." 
Takkin',  adj.  infectious. 
Tale-piet,  n.  a  tell-tale. 
Tall-boys,  n.  high  drinking-glasses. 
Tally,   n.    a    company  or  division  of 

voters  at  an  election. 
Tammy,  n.  a  hair  sieve.     Fr.   tamis, 

a  tammy,  or  strainer,  made  of  hair. 
Ta'n,  -p.p.  taken. 
Tang,  v.t.  to  sting. 
Tang,  n.  the  sting  of  a  bee.    (2)  A  pike, 

the  prong  of  a  fork.  [facus. 

Tang'l,  n.  sea-weed.      O.N.  y>aungully 
Tanglin',  adj.  slovenly. 
Tangs,  Pr.  of  tongs. 
Tank,  n.  a  piece  of  deep  water,  natural 

or  artificial. 
Tantle,  v.i.   to    attend   officiously,   to 

dawdle.     "  She  tantles  after  him  ;  " 

often  said  of  the   attentions  of  an 

anxious  mother. 
Tantrel,  n.  an  idle,  spoilt  girl. 
Tap-lash,  n.  the  smallest  of  small-beer. 
Tarn,  n.  a  small  sheet  of  water.     O.N. 

tjorn,  lacus,   stagnum,   Sw.   tjdm,  a 

pool,  standing  water. 
84 


Tarradiddles,  n.  small  untruths,  fibs. 
Tashed,  adj.  tired. 
Tashled,  adj.  bespattered  with  wet. 
Task-work,    n.   work    taken     by   the 

piece. 
Tat :  A  child's  term  for  dad,  father. 
Tatter-rags,  n.  a  badly-dressed  person. 
Tatterwallops,   n.  (1)   ragged  clothes 

fluttering  in  the  wind.    (2)  A  woman 

with  ragged  clothes.     Comp.  Tatter- 
rags. 
Tauze,  v.t.  to  pull  about,  to  ruffle  up. 
Tave,    ^  v.i.  to  fumble  in  a  meaning- 
Tea  ve,  J     less  manner,  to  fidget  about, 

to  fidget  with  the  feet. 
Taving,  pcpl.  picking  the  bed-clothes 

in  febrile  delirium. 
Ta,  Contr.  of  take.     "  Ta  tha  time  "  = 

Take  your  time. 
Taya  :  the  one.    "  Frae  taya  bank  tull 

t'udder." 
Tazzle,  n.  a  wicked,  drunken  person. 
Tazzy,  n.  a  mischievous  child. 
Te,  Corr.  of  (1)  to.     (2)  Thee. 
Teagle  (Corr.  of  tackle),  n.  a  crane  for 

lifting  goods. 
Teanel,  n.  an  osier  fish-basket.     A.S. 

tcenel,  a  little  basket,  pannier. 

Tease,  v.t.  to  pull  about  wool  so  as  to 
make  it  of  even  consistency.  A.S. 
tcesan,  to  tease. 

Teaster,  Pr.  of  tester. 

Teastrel,  n.  a  crabbed,  peevish  fellow. 

Teathy,  adj.  peevish,  cross. 

Tedder  (Pr.  of  tether ),  v.t.  to  bind 
anything. 

Tedder,  n.  the  long  part  of  a  fence ; 
wood  put  upon  the  toxD  of  a  fence  to 
bind  it  together. 

Tedder  by  th'  tooth,  To.  To  attract 
a  person  by  keeping  a  good  table. 

Teddious,  adj.  fretful,  difficult  to  please. 
"This  barn's  fearf'l  teddious" 

Teddisome,  adj.  tedious,  fretful.  "  T' 
barn's  fearfle  teddisome "  =  The  child 
is  very  difficult  to  please. 

Tee,  Pr.  of  tie. 

Tee,  n.  a  hair  rope  with  which  to 
shackle  cows  in  milking. 

Teem,  v.t.  (1)  to  pour  out.  (2)  To  un- 
load a  cart.  [The  actual  meaning 
belonging  to  this  word  is  to  make 
empty.  O.N.  tcema,  to  draw  fully 
out,  exhaust,  Sw.  toma,  Dan.  tomme, 
O.E.  tamyn  or  tempi,  to  make  empty. 
Comp.  Sc.  toom,  empty.     Ed.] 


TE 


TH 


Teen,  n.  fire.    W.  tan,  Gael,  tein,  Irish 

tein. 
Teen,  v.t.  to  kindle.     Dan.  tcende,  to 

kindle,  S.G.  tcenda,  accendere. 
Teeming,  adj.  overflowing.    See  Teem. 
Teet,  Pr.  of  tight.     "Teet  i  t'  heft"= 

Tight  in  the  haft ;  said  of  any  one 

who  is  careful. 
Teety,   adj.    cross,    fretful,    peevish  ; 

spoken  of  children.     See  Teathy. 
Tek,  n.  a  taking.     "  Sic  a  tek  o'  fish." 
Tekken  (Corr.  of  taken),  adj.  captivated. 
Tell,  v.i,  to  talk. 
Telled,  )  f  ^    ,  „ 

Telt,    '  J  W- of  To  tell. 

Temper,  v.t.  to  mix  together  in  due 

proportion,  to  mingle — as  spirits  and 

water. 
Temple-mould,  n.  a  pattern  or  mould 

used  by  masons  in  fashioning  their 

work. 
Templet,  n.  a  model. 
Temse,  n.  a  sieve  used  in  brewing. 
Temse,  v.t.  to  sift. 
Tent,  n.  attention,  observation.    "Tak 

tent "  =  Give  attention. 
Tent,  v.t.  to  take  care  of,  to  tend,  to 

attend. 
Tenter,  n.  a  stretcher  or  trier  of  cloth, 

used  by  dyers  and  clothiers. 
Tenters,  n.  watchers  of  cattle  or  sheep 

on  the  moors. 
Teptious,  adj.  snappish,  captious. 
Terble,  Corr.  of  terrible. 
Terrible,  adv.  used  as  an  intensitive, 

implying  very,  excessively. 
Tetchy  (Corr.  of  touchy),  adj.  quarrel- 
some, peevish. 
Teuth,  Pr.  of  tooth. 
Tew,  (1)  v.t.  to  pull  or  tear  about,  to 

tumble  over,  to  discompose,  to  tease. 

(2)  v.i.  to  work  hard,  to  fatigue,  to 

exhaust,  to  knock  oneself  up  by  long 

and  repeated  exertion. 
Tewin,  adj.  toiling,  laborious. 
Tewit,  n.  a  name  for  the  lapwing  or 

green  plover  {Tringa  vanellus). 
Tewsome,  adj.  unquiet,  restless. 
Text,  v.i.  to  write  an  engrossing  hand 

or  German  text. 
Th  is  frequently  changed  into  dd,  or 

ddh,  as  f adder  or  faddher,  father  ; 

mudder  or  muddher,  mother ;  whedder 

or  wheddher,  whether. 
Tha,  Pr.  of  thou,  thee. 

K;H-tothat<*- 

Thack,  n.  thatch. 


Thacker,  n.  a  thatcher. 

Thack-prod,  n.  a  peg  for  securing  thatch. 

Thae,  pron.  those. 

Thatens      \  «^.  and  ^.  of  that  sort; 
That  lids,   J       m  that  manner. 
Thee,  Pr.  of  thigh. 

There-away  :   adv.  thereabout,  in  that 
part: 

"  Bat !  bat !  bear  away, 
Here-away,  there-away, 
Inta  my  hat,"— 

said  by  boys  when  a  bat  is  flying 

about. 
Thersels,  pron.  themselves. 
Thew,  pret.  of  To  thaw. 
Thlble,  )  n.  a  stick   to   stir  porridge 
Thibel,  J     with. 
Thick,  adj.  stupid,  thick-headed. 
Thick-heod,  n.  a  blockhead. 
Thick-poddish,  n.  water  porridge. 
Thick-winded,  adj.  bad  at  breathing, 

husky. 
Thief  in  a  mill,  As  fast  as  a.    Very 

secure. 
Think  on,  v.i.  to  remember,    "  I'se  be 

sewer  ta  think  on." 
Thirl,   v.t.   to    bore,   to  pierce.     A.S. 

pirlian. 
Thisen,  pron.  this. 
This-gates,  adv.  this  way. 
Thivel,  n.    See  Thibel.    "  He's  a  queer 

stick  to  maiyak  a  thivel  on." 

Thorp'  ( Pron'  these,  those.     O.N.  \cer. 
Thorough,  prep,  through. 
Thoum-reap  (Pr.  of  thumb-rope),  n.  a 

rope  of  straw  made  on  the  thumb. 
Thoum-sneck,   n.  the  fastening  of  a 

door  which  is  lifted  by  pressing  the 

thumb  on  the  broad  end  of  the  short 

lever  which  moves  it. 
Thou's  like.     See  Like. 
Thought,  n.  sorrow,  sadness,  grief. 
Thraa  (Pr.  of  throw),  v.t.  to  turn  with 

a  lathe.     A.S.  prawan,  to  turn. 
Thraa,  n.  a  lathe. 

Thraly,    )  adj.  slow  or  reluctant    in 
Threaly,  ]      setting    to    work.     A.S. 

prcel,  one  in  thraldom,  O.N.  prcell, 

servus. 
Thrang,  v.t.  to  press,  thrust,  to  squeeze, 

to  incommode.     "  Don't  thrang  ma." 
Thrang,   adj.  busy,    bustling,   closely 

packed.     "As  thrang  as  three  in  a 

bed."      AS.   prang,    pressed,    O.N. 

praungr,     angustus,     arctus.       See 

Throng. 

85 


TH 


TI 


Thrang,  n.  a  throng.     O.N.  praungr, 

multitudo  hominum. 
Thrast,  pret.oi  To  threst,  j^.throssen. 
Thrave,    n.    twenty-four    sheaves    of 
wheat   or  other  corn.     A.S.   preaf, 
a  handful,  a  thrave,  Dan.  trave,  a 
score  of  sheaves  of  corn. 
Thraw,  v.i.  to  twist,  to  writhe. 
Threap,   v.i.   to    assert   positively,   to 
argue  with  pertinacity,  to  reiterate, 
to  contend.     A.S.  preapian,  threap, 
reprove,  O.N.  threfa,  sublitigare. 
Threap   down,   v.t.   to   overpower   by 

assertion  or  repetition. 
Threapin',  n.  a  pertinacious  reiteration. 
Threaten,  v.t. to  threaten.  A.S.  preatian. 
Three-man,  n.  a  cluster  of  three  nuts. 
Three-square,  adj.  triangular. 
Threst  (Corr.  of  thrust)  v.t.  to  thrust. 
Thribble,  Corr.  of  treble. 
Thrimmle,  v.t.  to  pull  out  reluctantly. 

"  He  ihrimmled  out  sixpence." 
Thrinter,  n.  a  three-winter  sheep  ;  i.e. 

three  winters  old. 
Throddy,  adj.  plump,  thriving,  sleek. 
Throng,  adj.  busy. 
Thropple,  n.  the  windpipe. 
Thropple,  v.t.  to  throttle  or  strangle. 
Throp  wife,  To  be  throng  as.    To  be 

very  busy. 
Throssen,  p.p.  of  To  threst,  thrust, 

pressed. 
Throstle,   n.   a  thrush.     A.S.   prosle, 

W.  tresglen. 
Through  with  any  one,  To  be.     To 

complete  a  bargain  with  him, 
Through-steyan,  n.  a  bond  stone,  or 

through  stone,  passing  through  a  wall. 
Thrum,  n.  a  small  thread. 
Thrushes,  n.  a  disease  in  horses. 
Thrush-lice,  n.  millipedes. 
Thrusty.    A  form  of  thirsty. 
Thrutch,  n.  (1)  a  thrust.    (2)  A  throng. 
Thump,  v.t.  to  be  silent  in  company 

whilst  the  thoughts  are  fully  occu- 
pied. "  He  thumps  it  wi'  thinkin'." 
Thunner,  Pr.  of  thunder. 
Thunner-stan,  n.  a  quartzose  pebble, 

ignorantly  supposed  to  have    been 

emitted  by  thunder. 
Thwaite,  n.  stubbed  ground,  as  Tibber- 

thwaite,     Suherthwaite,     Se&thwaite, 

~Esthwaite,  Finsthwaite,  Salterthwaite, 

etc.  ;  a  common  postfix. 
Thwaite,  n.  the  shelving  part  of  the 

side  of  a  mountain. 
Tib-cat,  n.  a  female  cat. 


86 


Ticin',  adj.  enticing.     "I   can't  keep 
frae  gooin  to  hear  him  he's  sic  a  ticin* 
way  with  him." 
Ticin',  n.  allurement. 

Tick,  n.  a  game. 

Tickle,  adj.  unsteady,  uncertain,  in- 
constant. 

Tickler,  n.  a  shrewd,  cunning  person. 

Tick-tack,  n.  a  moment  of  time;  derived 
doubtless  from  the  ticking  of  a  clock 
or  watch. 

Tick-tack-toe,  n.  a  kind  of  miniature 
game  of  draughts  played  by  children 
on  slates. 

Tide,  n.  time,  season. 

Tide-raiyak,  n.  the  line  of  sea-weed, 
chips,  sticks,  and  other  matters  left 
by  the  sea  at  high-water-mark. 

Tidy,  v.t.  to  dress  and  make  oneself 
neat.     "  Gaa  an'  tidy  thisell  up." 

Tidy,  n.  a  small  rug  to  take  hold  of 
the  handle  of  a  kettle  by. 

Tie,  n.  a  short,  thick  hair  rope,  with  a 
wooden  nut  at  one  end,  and  an  eye 
formed  in  the  other,  used  for  hop- 
pling the  hind  legs  of  a  cow  while 
milking. 

Tied,  p.p.  compelled. 

Tiffy,  adj.  fretful,  lonely. 

Tine,  v.i.  to  entangle. 

Tift,  v.i.  to  breathe  quickly,  as  a  person 
does  who  is  out  of  breath. 

Tift,  n.  (1)  a  draught  of  liquor.  (2)  A 
short  fit  of  doing  anything.  (3)  Con- 
dition, as  to  health  of  body. 

Tifty,  adj.  ill-natured,  petulant. 

Tig,  v.t.  to  touch  lightly. 

Tig,  n.  (1)  a  very  gentle  touch.  Bret.  tig. 
(2)  A  play  amongst  children,  in  which 
every  one  endeavours  to  get  the  last 
touch. 

Tightish,  adj.  (1)  rather  firm,  not  easily 
prevailed  upon.     (2)  In  good  health. 

Tight  i'  t'  heft :  of  a  careful  or  greedy 
person. 

Tightly,  adv.  smartly,  quickly,  neatly  ; 
of  anything  well  done. 

Tike,  n.  (1)  a  term  of  reproach  ;  as, 
"  A  lazy  tike."  (2)  A  blunt  or  vulgar 
fellow,  discreditable  person,  a  wild 
runagate.  Often  used  sportively.  (3)  A 
term  applied  to  an  odd  little  fellow. 
(4)  A  very  old  horse  or  mare.  O.N.  tik,  \ 
canis  femina,  canicula,  Sw.  tik,  a  bitch,  k 

Till,  n.  manure,  compost. 

Tilth,  n.  a  cultivated,  manured  field. 
A.S.  tilth,  culture. 

Timber,  n.  strength. 


TI 


TO 


Timersome,  adj.  timorous. 
Timmered,  Weel.     Strongly  built. 
Timmer-teyad,   adj.    timber-toed,     or 

having  a  wooden  leg. 
Tine,  v.t.  to  shut,  to  enclose,  to  fasten. 

O.N.  Una. 
Tink,  v.i.  to  tinkle,  as  bells. 
Tinkler,  n.  a  tinker : — 

"  If  ifs  and  ans 
Were  pots  an'  pans, 
Theyar'd  be  naya  trade  for  tinklers," 

said  by  way  of  rebuke  to  persons 
given  to  building  too  much  on  hypo- 
thetical bases. 

Tinny,  Corr.  of  tiny. 

Tiny- winy,  adj.  very  small. 

Tip,  v.t.  to  overturn.  To  tip  a  cart,  is 
to  empty  it  by  lifting  up  the  forepart. 

Tip,  v.t.  to  adjust  the  top  of  a  stack. 
O.N.  typpa,  to  raise  to  a  point. 

Tipe,  (1)  v  J.  to  toss  with  the  hand.  (2) 
v.i.  To  fall  down,  swoon. 

Tipple,  v.t.  to  tumble,  to  turn  over. 

Tippy,  adj.  smart,  fine. 

Tippy-bob,  adj.  showy  in  dress,  smart, 
dandified  : — 

"  He's  tippy-bob 
With,  a  watch  in  each  fob." 

Tippy-top,  adj.  the  same  as  tip-top. 
Tips,  n.  irons  for  the  front  of  clogs. 
Tip-stick,  n.  the  piece  of  wood  that 

prevents  a  cart  from  tipping  up. 
Tiring,  n.  the  plastering  under  slates. 
Tirl,  v.t.  to  turn  over,  as  the  leaves  of 

a  book, 
Tirler,  n.  a  piece  of  wood  put  over  the 

opening  of  a  beehive. 
Tisshaw,  v.i.  a  cant  expression  for  to 

sneeze.     W.  tisiaw. 
Tit,  adv.  soon,  readily,  willingly.     See 

As  tit. 
Titter,  adj.  sooner,  earlier.     "Titter  up 

co"=  The  earliest  up  call  the  rest. 
Tittup,  n.  a  moment,  an  instant. 
Titty,  adj.  tiny. 
Titty,  n.  sister. 
Tlick,  (1)  v.i.  to  snap  the  fingers.     (2) 

v.t.  To  snatch.     See  Click. 
To,  prep,  for;    as,  "Good  to  nowt"  = 

Good    for    nothing  ;     "  Poddish    to 

breakfast  "= Porridge  for  breakfast. 
To  year.    "  We've  a  rare  crop  to  year" 

i.e.  this  year.     Compare  To-day. 
To  :    compared  with.     "  He's  nowt  to 

him  "=Not  to  be  compared  to  him. 
Toad.     See  Teyad. 
Tod,  v.t.  to  tooth  sickles. 
Toddy,  adj.  very  small,  tiny. 


Toft,  n.  a  field  where  a  house  or  build- 
ing once  stood.  A.S.  toft,  a  croft, 
a  homefield.  O.N.  toft,  area  edificii 
cum  parietibus,  Dan.  toft,  an  enclosed 
field  near  to  a  farm-house. 

Toit,  v.i.  to  fall  or  tumble  over,  to 
upset. 

Tolpin,  n.  a  pin  belonging  to  a  cart. 
See  Towpin. 

Tombeadle,  n.  a  cockchafer. 

Tome,  n.  a  hair  line  for  fishing. 

Tomorn,  adv.  to-morrow.  A.  S.  tomorgen. 

Tomspayad,  n.  a  large  spade  with  a 
large  handle  like  the  letter  X,  used 
to  take  off  the  sward  and  soil  in 
draining. 

Tom-taylier,  n.  a  name  for  the  crane- 
fly  or  daddy-long-legs. 

Tom-tee,  n.  a  name  for  the  tom-tit. 

Tone  :  the  one. 

Ton  part,  of  the  one  part. 

Tontother :  one  another. 

Tooan,  p.p.  of  To  take. 

Tout  |  v'*>  to  pry  in(luisitively- 

Toothsome,  adj.  palatable. 

Toozle,  v.i.  to  pull  about  roughly. 

Top,  v.  t.  to  snuff  a  candle. 

Top- full,  adj.  quite  full. 

Topper,  n.  one  who  excels,  anything 
very  good  or  of  superior  quality. 

Toppin',  n.  a  flaw,  or  sod  taken  from 
the  surface  of  a  common,  or  from  the 
peatmoss,  and  when  dried  in  the  sun 
used  for  fire-kindling. 

Toppin',  n.  the  hair  on  a  person's  fore- 
head, the  crest  of  a  bird,  the  portion 
of  the  mane  of  a  horse  that  comes 
down  on  his  forehead.  W.  topyn,  a 
crest,  M.  tappag,  a  tuft  of  feathers 
or  hair  on  the  head.  [hen." 

Toppin' d,  adj.  crested  \  as,  "  a  toppin! d 

Tops-man,  n.  the  foreman  or  bailiff  of 
a  horse-  or  cattle-dealer. 

Top-string,  n.  the  strap  which  connects 
the  harness  with  the  horse's  collar. 

Torf,  Pr.  of  turf.  O.N.  torf  cespes, 
Sw.  torf,  turf,  peat,  Dan.  torv.  "At 
greyav  torf  "=To  pare  turf. 

Torfle,  v.i.  to  deline  in  health,  to  die. 

Torf -moss,  n.  a  peat  bog.    Dan.  torv- 


Torf-mull,  n.  peat  dust.  Dan.  torvsmul. 

Tortus,  n.  a  turf-  or  peat-house. 

Tot,  a  term  of  endearment  to  a  child. 

"  Thou's  a  bonny  lile  tot." 
Tote,  n.  the  whole.    "T'  heyal  tote  on 

'em." 

87 


TO 


TH 


Tottle  (Pr.  of  toddle),  v.i.  to  walk  un- 
steadily. 
Totty,  adj.  half  drunk,  tipsy. 
Toups,  n.  belongings. 

Touze,  v.t.  to  tug  or  pull  about. 

Town,  n.  a  village. 

Tow-pin,  n.  a  pin  belonging  to  a  cart, 
put  through  the  shafts  and  with- 
drawn for  unloading.  In  former  times 
the  ends  of  the  shafts  of  carts  passed 
through  two  iron  rings,  which  were 
fastened  to  the  hames,  and  the  tow- 
pins  were  passed  through  the  shafts 
to  prevent  the  shafts  being  drawn 
through  the  rings.  The  cart  there- 
fore was  drawn  or  towed  by  the  tow- 
pins,  hence  the  name.  [See  Tolpin, 
which  is  the  true  form  of  the  word. 
Towpin  being  merely  a  mode  of  Pr. 
The  element  tol  is  probably  nearly 
cognate  with  the  Thible,  or  Thivel, 
of  this  Gloss.,  thabble,  thavvle  of 
Clevel.  and  other  districts.  Pr.  Pm. 
gives  "Tholle,  carte  pynne,  or  tolpyn. 
Cavilla  ;"  and  on  the  coast  of  the 
Eastern  Counties,  thole,  thole-pin  sig- 
nify the  pegs  stuck  in  holes  in  the 
gunwale  of  a  boat  for  the  oars  to 
work  against.  Comp.  O.N.  Ipollr, 
Dan.  tol,  Sw.  tulle,  Prov.  Sw.  tdlle, 
tolld-pinne,  a  peg,  thole,  thole-pin  or 
peg.     Ed.] 

Towt,  Pr.  of  taught. 

Traans.     See  Trones. 

Track,  v.t.  to  trace.  "Ta  track  a  yarr 
i'  t'  snaa  "  =  To  trace  a  hare  in  the 
snow. 

Traffick,  n.  (1)  lumber,  rubbish.  (2) 
Eabble,  low,  rascally  people. 

Trail,  (1)  v.i.  to  loiter.  (2)  v.t.  To  drag 
along.  Fr.  trailler,  to  draw,  from 
traho.  (3)  To  hunt  by  the  track  or 
scent. 

Trail-hunt,  v.i.  to  hunt  with  dogs  on 
the  scent  of  carrion,  etc.  dragged  by 
the  hand. 

Trailtripes,  n.  a  dirty  slattern,  a  dila- 
tory person. 

Tramp,  n.  (1)  a  beggar.    (2)  A  journey. 

Tramp,  {I)  v.t.  to  trample.  (2)  v.i.  To 
travel  on  foot. 

Tramper,  n.  an  itinerating  beggar. 

Trapes,  n.  a  slattern. 

Trapes,  v.i.  to  wander  about,  generally 
in  the  wet,  to  ramble  in  a  purpose- 
less way. 

Trapesing,   adj.   slow,    listless,    lazily 
flaunting. 
88 


Traps,  n.  (1)  small  tools,  implements. 
(2)  Goods,  furniture. 

Trapsticks,  n.  small  legs  of  equal  di- 
mensions throughout. 

Trash,  n.  something  wet  and  dirty ;  as, 
"As  wet  as  trash." 

Trash,  v.i.  to  tramp  about  with  fatigue, 
to  be  harassed. 

Trash,  n.  a  wet  walk. 

Trashy,  adj.  wet  and  dirty. 

Trave,  v.i.  to  stride  along  in  long  grass 
which  impedes  the  feet. 

Treacle-butter-cake ;  a  term  for  oat- 
cake spread  over  with  treacle. 

Treddlin's, 


Triddlin's, 


n.  the  dung  of  sheep. 


Trekker,  Corr.  of  trigger. 

Trennel,  n.  a  stout  wooden  pin. 

Treyad,  pret.  of  To  tread,  Pr.  of  tread. 

Trier,  n.  a  corn-screen. 

Trig,  v.t.  to  fill,  to  stuff;  particularly 
the  stomach.  [chastise. 

Trim,  v.t.  (1)  to  scold.     (2)  To  beat, 

Trimmer,  n.  (1)  a  clever,  smart  fellow. 
(2)  Anything  particularly  good. 

Trimming,  adj.  large,  huge. 

Trinkle.    A  nasalized  form  of  trickle. 

Trip,  n.  (1)  race,  family.  (2)  A  brood, 
hatching. 

Trippet.  "Beet  tull  a  trippet"=  Ex- 
actly right.    Another  form  of  trivet. 

Trist,  n.  a  cattle  market. 

Trod,  n.  a  footpath. 

?rombobs;|»-thefatestines'triPe- 

Trollopish,  adj.  filthy,  dirty,  beggarly. 

Trones,  n.  a  steelyard.  "A  pair  of 
trones^  [Med.  Lat.  trona,  statera 
publica,  Isl.  trana,  a  crane,  rostrum 
longiusculum.     Jamieson.     Ed.] 

Tropple.    A  mode  of  Pr.  of  Thropple. 

Trot,  v.t.  to  aggravate,  to  provoke. 

Trouan,  Corr.  of  truant. 

Trounce,  n.  a  tedious  journey. 

Trow,  v.t.  to  believe,  think,  suppose. 

Trowan,  Corr.  of  trowel. 

Trowl,  v.t.  to  trundle,  to  roll. 

Truck,  n.  a  drag  for  timber. 

Truck,  v.i.  to  traffic  by  exchange. 

Truck-shop,  n.  a  shop  at  which  work- 
men receive  goods  instead  of  money. 

Trump,  Jew's,  a  Jew's-harp.  Fr.  trompe. 

Trunk,  n.  a  wooden  conduit  or  sluice 
used  for  the  mouth  of  drains  into 
the  sea,  to  prevent  the  tide  running 
up  the  drain. 

Trunlin's,  n.  the  dung  of  sheep.  See 
Treddlin's. 


TR 


UN 


Trunnel,  n.  the  wheel  of  a  wheelbarrow. 
A.S.  trendel,  a  circle,  O.Fris.  trind, 
round. 

Truntlement,  n.  trumpery. 

Trussel,  Corr.  of  trestle. 

Tuck,  n.  a  short  pinafore. 

Tuk,  pret.  of  To  take. 

Tul,  prep,  to,  until.  A.S.  til,  O.N.  til, 
Dan.  til,  to,  towards. 

Tully,  n.  a  bad  woman. 

Tully  whetsom,  n.  a  little  wretch. 

Tult,  Corr.  of  tul  it  for  to  it. 

Turn,  v.t.  to  card  wool  for  the  first 
time  on  coarse  cards. 

Tumlin'- shaft,  n.  a  spindle-rod  in  an 
oat-meal  mill. 

Tumma,  Pr.  of  tul  me,  to  me. 

Tummelt,  Pr.  of  tumbled. 

Tummle,  Pr.  of  tumble. 

Tun-dish,         )  n.    a    wooden    funnel 

Tunnin'-dish,  )      used  in  brewing. 

Tunnel,  n.  (1)  a  funnel.  (2)  An  arched 
drain. 

Tup,  n.  a  ram.     Sw.  tupp,  a  cock. 

Turbary,  )  n.  boggy   ground,   a  peat- 

Torbary,  ]     moss. 

Tush,  Corr.  of  tusk. 

Tuttle,  v.i.  to  whisper. 

Twang,  n.  (1)  accent.  "  He's  a  south- 
country  twang  wi'  him."  (2)  A  sud- 
den pang.     (3)  A  quick  pull. 

Twangles,  n.  a  weak  sickly  child  or 
person. 

Twanker,  n.  a  large  bulky  person. 

Twea,  Pr.  of  two.  O.N.  tveir,  duo, 
A.S.  twa. 

Twill,  Pr.  of  quilL 

Twill,  v.t.  to  weave  in  a  particular 
manner. 

Twilt,  Pr.  of  quilt. 

Twine,  v.i.  to  whine  or  cry,  to  murmur 
or  be  fretful. 

Twine,  v.i.  to  languish  or  pine  away. 

Twinter,  n.  a  two-winter  sheep,  i.e. 
two  years  old.  A.S.  twy  winter,  two 
winters  or  years. 

Twiny,  adj.  (1)  fretful,  uneasy.  (2) 
Full  of  complaint,  given  to  whine  or 
pule.    "  She's  nobbut  a  twiny  body." 

Twish  !  interj.  an  interj.  of  contempt 

Twist,  n.  a  great  eater.  "  He's  a  rare 
twist." 

Twisty,  adj.  fretful,  fidgety.  Du. 
twistigh,  contentious,  given  to  strife, 
O.N.  tvistr,  sollicitus,  tristis,  Dan. 
tvistig,  at  variance,  disputable,  Sw. 
tvist,  debate,*  dispute,  contention. 

Twit,  n.  anything  entangled. 


Twitch-girse,  n.  couch  grass. 
Twitchy,  adj.  uncertain,  acting  by  fits 

and  starts. 
Twitters,  To  be  in  the.     To  be  in 

a  state  of  great  agitation. 
Twitters,  n.  shreds,  fragments. 
T witty,  adj.  ill-tempered,  touchy. 
Two-double,  adj.  four-fold. 
Tyke.     See  Tike. 
Tyne,  v.t.  to  fasten  a  door  or  gate. 

See  Tine. 


U 


Ullet,  Pr.  of  owlet.    See  Hullet. 

Um,  Corr.  of  them. 

Umber,  v.t.  to  shade,  to  overshadow. 
See  Oumer. 

Unawar,  Pr.  of  unaware. 

Unbain,  adj.  not  civil. 

Unbeknaan,  adj.  unknown. 

Unbethink,  v.i.  to  recollect. 

Unbund,  adj.  unbound. 

Uncanny,  adj.  unkind. 

Undipped,  adj.  unshorn. 

Uncome,  p.p.  not  come. 

Uncoths,  n.  news.  A.S.  unciith,  strange, 
unknown. 

Undacent,  adj.  indecent,  unbecoming. 

Under,  To  be  at  a  girt.  To  be  in  a 
state  of  thraldom,  subdued. 

Under,  At  an.  An  elliptical  expres- 
sion, implying  that  a  person  or  thing 
is  undervalued. 

Underbree,  n.  a  bright  light  appearing 
under  clouds. 

Underbrig,  n.  an  arch  under  a  road. 

Undercut,  adj.  undermined. 

Underdraain',  n.  a  ceiling. 

Undergang,  v.i.  to  undergo.  A.S. 
undergangan. 

Undergraaens,  n.  trees  growing  under 
others. 

Underlin',  n.  an  inferior,  an  assistant, 
a  servant. 

Undermest,  adj.  the  lowest,  undermost. 

Undermindin',  n.  the  act  of  under- 
mining, trying  to  take  away  a  per- 
son's character. 

Underpinning  n,  (1)  the  act  of  insert- 
ing a  course,  or  courses,  of  stones  in 
a  wall  at  the  foundation.  (2)  The 
course  or  courses  so  inserted. 

Underset,  v.t.  to  insert  a  course  of 
masonry  in  a  building  just  above 
the  foundation. 

89 


rar 


WA 


Under  my  wind,  I's  gitten.  Said 
when  a  person  has  run  so  fast  as  to 
bring  a  stitch  in  bis  side  and  it  is 
going  off  again. 

Unevven,  Pr.  of  unven. 

Ungain,  adj.  (1)  awkward,  clumsy.  (2) 
Bound-about,  indirect,  inconvenient. 
See  Gain. 

Ungear,  v.t.  to  unharness. 

Ungone,  adj.  only  not  gone,  at  the  point 
of  death.     "  He's  just  ungone.'''' 

Unheckled,  adj.  disordered  in  dress. 

Unhonest,  adj.  dishonourable. 

Unkembed,  adj.  uncombed ;  said  of 
an  undressed  cart  of  hay. 

Unkent,  adj.  unknown,  not  known. 

Unmelled  on,  p.p.  not  meddled  with. 

Unmenseful,  adj.  indecent,  unmannerly. 

Unnatterable,  adj.  ungenial ;  said  of 
weather. 

Unnatteral,  Pr.  of  unnatural. 

Unperfect,  adj.  imperfect. 

Unpossible,  adj.  impossible. 

Unproper,  adj.  improper. 

Unregular,  adj.  irregular. 

Unrid,  v.i.  to  rid. 

Unrip,  v.t.  to  rip  open. 

Unshaekk'n,  Corr.  of  unshaken. 

Unsneck,  v.t.  to  unlatch  a  door. 

Unsoft,  adj.  hard. 

Unsuer,  adj.  insecure,  unsafe. 

Untellt,  adj.  untold. 

Up  :  as  in  "  Then  I  up  an'  spak." 

Upbraid,  v.i.  to  rise  on  the  stomach. 

Up -brow,  adv.  up  hill. 

Upho'd,     )  (Pr.  of  up-hold),  v.i.  (1)  to 

Up-houd,  ]  warrant,  to  vouch  for. 
"  I'll  uphod  ta,"  (2)  To  support,  to 
maintain.  "  I'll  uphod  t'  job  for  a 
year;"  i.e.  maintain  it  in  good  order. 

Upland,  n.  high  land. 

Uppish,  adj.  proud,  insolent. 

Uptak,  n.  the  finder  of  a  lost  article 
demands  of  the  loser  some  money 
for  "  t'  uptak." 

Up-waxen,  adj.  grown  to  manhood. 

Urchin,  n.  the  hedgehog.    See  Orchin. 

Urled,  adj.  stunted. 

Use,  n.  interest  of  money. 

Use,  v.t.  to  haunt. 

Us't  at  could  :  used  to  be  able.  "  I 
us't  at  could  dance  as  weel  as  any- 
body when  I  was  young." 


Vaccary,  n.  a  cow-pasture. 
Validum,  n.  value,   size.      "  Net  th* 
90 


validum  o'  th'  black  o'  my  nail"  = 

Not  the  size  of  the  black  of  my  nail. 
Vamp,  v.t.  to  patch  up. 
Vamper,  v.i.  to  vapour,  to  swagger. 
Varra,  Pr.  of  very. 
Varsal,  Corr.  of  universal. 
Vast,  n.  a  great  quantity. 
Vast,  used  adverbially  ;  as  Vast  lile  = 

very  little. 
Vent,  n.  an  opening  in  a  garment. 
Ventersome,  Pr.  of  venturesome,  rash, 

adventurous. 
Viewly,      )  adj.  striking  to  the  eye, 
Viewsum,  ]      handsome. 
Virgin-swarm,  n.  a  swarm  of  bees  from 

.  a  swarm  of  the  same  season. 
VLother,  Mother,  n.  nonsensical  talk. 

W 

Waaken,  adj.  watchful,  not  inclined  to 
sleep  when  one  should . 

Waaly,  adj.  oppressed  with  woe. 

Waammle,  v.i.  to  walk  feebly  and  list- 
lessly, to  crawl  as  a  worm. 

Waar  (Pr.  of  ware),  v.t.  to  spend  or  lay 
out  money. 

Waater-hen,  n.  the  dabchick. 

Waa-worth  you,  woe  betide  you,  or 
woe  be  to  you. 

Wabble,  v.i.  to  reel,  to  shake,  or 
tremble. 

Weck!n;Htoarouse- 

Wacker,  adj.  wakeful,  easy  to  be   a- 

wakehed. 
Wackersom',  adj.  wakeful. 
Wad,   n.   (1)   a    large    quantity.     (2) 

Black  lead.     (3)  Pr.  of  Would. 
Wad,  n.  a  line  or  rank. 
Wad,  v.t.  to  set  out  a  line,  in  land- 
surveying  or  engineering,  by  putting 

in  a  series  of  stakes  or  stubs. 
Wad-eater,  n.  india-rubber,  from  its 

property  of  taking  out  the  marks  of 

a  wad  or  black-lead  pencil. 
Wadeable,  adj.  fordable. 
Waes-me  !  interj.  woe  is  me !  A.S.  woe, 

woe,  sorrow. 
Waff,  n.  (1)  the  movement  of  a  flame 

from  side  to  side.     (2)  A  slight  blast 

or  smell. 
Waff,  v.i,  (1)  to  bark  short  and  sharp. 

(2)  To  emit  puffs  of  steam  in  the  act 

of  boiling. 

Wauflsh,  }  «#'  ^guid,.  weak. 
Waffle,  v.i.  to  fluctuate,  to  waver. 


WA 


WA 


Waffler,  n.  a  waverer.    A.S.  wafol. 
Waft,  n.  a  puff,  a  blast ;  applied  to  wind. 
Wag,   v.t.  to   beckon  with  the   hand. 

S.G.  waagga,  motitari,  Sw.  vagga,  to 

rock. 
Wage,  n.  pay,  wages,  reward,  hire, 
Waggon-stangs,  n.  the   shafts    of   a 

waggon. 
Waifinger,  n.  stray  cattle. 
Waik,  Pr.  of  weak. 
Waiken,  Pr.  of  weaken. 
Waikly,  Pr.  of  weakly. 
Waint,  Corr.  of  will  not. 
Wait  on,  v.i.  to  wait  for. 
Wake,  n.  (1)  a  night-watch  over  the 

dead.      O.N",   vaka,   vigilia.      (2)   A 

parish  festival,  a  fair  or  revel. 
Wake,  v.t.  to  watch  the  night  with  a 

corpse. 
Wale,  v.t.  to  strike. 
Walk.    When  a  fighting-cock  is  sent 

into  the  country  at  a  distance  from 

other  cocks  it  is  said  to  be  "  sent  to 

walk? 
Walla,  adj.  flat,  insipid. 
Wallaish,  adj.  unsavoury,  tasteless,  in- 
sipid, without  salt. 
Wallas,  v.  t.  to  munch  or  lap  up  greedily, 

as  dogs  do  porridge. 
Walsh,  adj.  watery,  insipid. 
Wammle,  v.i.  to  move  and  twist  the 

body.     See  Waammle. 
Wamp,  n.  (1)  a  wasp.  (2)  A  young  child. 
Wampish,  adj.  irritable,  tetchy. 
Wan,  pret.  of  To  win. 
Wand,  n.  a  collection  of  twigs  used  for 

correction. 
Wand,  pret.  of  To  wind. 
Wanded,  adj.  made  of  boughs  or  twigs. 

"A  wanded  chair." 
Wandy,  adj.  long  and  flexible,  like  a 

wand. 
Wangle,  v.i.  to  totter,  to  walk  feebly. 
Wang-tenth,  n.  an  axle  or  molar  tooth. 
Wankle,  adj.  (1)  weak,  loose.   "  Wankle 

hod  "  =  Loose  hold.     (2)    Unstable, 

unsteady,  supple,  pliant.  A.S.  wancol, 

unstable. 
Wanty,    adj.    deficient.       "A    wanty 

playas"=A  hole  or  hollow  place,  or 

other  deficiency,  in  a  board  or  other 

substance. 
Waps,  n.  a  wasp.     AS.  weeps. 
War,  adv.  aware.    A.S.  war. 
War,  adj.  worse. 
War',  v.t.  to  spend,  to  lay  out.     See 

Waar. 
Warble,  n.  a  large  maggot  bred  under 


the  skin  of  cattle  (being  the  larva  of 

the  ox  gad-fly)  and  forming  a  lump 

in  the  skin.     A.S.  wear,  a  knot, 
Warda',  n.  a  work-day.     "  Sunday  and 

war  da"  =  On  Sunday  and  the  days 

of  toil. 
Warish,  v.t.  to  recover  from  sickness. 

"  He'll  never  warish  on  it  "=  He  will 

not  get  over  it. 
Warish,  adj.  unsavoury. 
Wark,  Pr.  of  work. 
Wark,  v.i.  to  ache.    A.S.  wcerc,  pain, 

N.Fris.  warke,  S.G.  woerka,  dolere. 
Wark,  n.  (1)  work.     (2)  Ache. 
Wark-fowk    (Pr.    of    work-folk),    n. 

labourers. 
Warm,  v.t.  to  beat.     "I'll  warm  thy 

jacket  for  tha,"  or,  "thy  back." 
Warming,  n.  a  beating. 
Warn,  v.t.  to  deny,  to  forbid..    O.N. 

varna,  prohibere,  obstare,  S.G.  warna. 
Warn'd,  Pr.  of  warrant.   "  I'll  a  warnd 

ya"=  I'll  warrant  ye. 
Warp,  (1)  v.t.  to  cast.     (2)  v.i.  To  be- 
come crooked,  to  bend. 
Warr'd  (p.p  of  To  war'),  spent. 
Warridge,  n.  the  withers  of  a  horse. 
Warse,  adj.  worse. 
Warsen,  v.i.  to  become  worse.     O.N. 

versna. 
Warst,  adj.  worst. 
War-wing !  An  exclamation  made  use 

of  by  hunters  when  hounds  run  after 

pheasants,  partridges,  etc. 
Washer,  n.  an  iron  hoop  which  serves 

to  keep  the  iron  pin  at  the  end  of 

the  axletree  from  wearing  the  nave. 
Waspish,  adj.  testy,  irritable. 
Wassail,  n.    "As  waik  as  a  wassail ;" 

a  very  common  expression  to  denote 

extreme  weakness. 
Wasset,  n.  a  kind  of  crab-apple. 
Waste,      )  n.  a    consumption,   a  de- 
Wasting,  ]     cline. 
Wastrel,  n.  a  profligate,  a  prodigal. 
Wastrels,  n.  imperfect  bricks,  china, 

bobbins,  etc.  [amnis. 

Wath,  n.  a  ford.     O.N.  vd$,  vadum 
Watter  (Pr.  of  water),  n.  a  river  or 

brook. 
Watter-blobs,  n.  bubbles  of  air  rising 

to  the  surface  of  the  water. 
Watter-brash,  n.  a  rising  of  acid  or 

acrid  matter  from  the  stomach  to 

the  mouth. 
Watter-foore  (Pr.  of  water  furrow),  n. 

a  gutter  or  open  drain,  often  made 

with  the  plough. 

91 


WA 


WH 


Watter-shaks,  n.  cracks  in  the  soil, 
into  which  rain-water  enters,  causing 
them  to  widen,  and  which,  when 
near  a  precipice,  ultimately  cause  a 
fall  of  land  there. 

Waul,  v.i.  to  squeak,  to  cry  out.  See 
Yowl. 

Wax,  v.i.  to  grow,  to  increase. 

Wax-kernels,  n.  enlarged  or  inflamed 
glands  in  the  neck,  often  found  in 
growing  youths. 

Waygoing-crop,  n.  a  certain  propor- 
tion of  the  corn  belonging  to  the 
tenant  who  is  leaving  a  farm. 

Way- warden,™,  a  surveyor  of  highways. 

Wea,  adj.  sorry  for. 

Weaky,  adj.  moist,  watery. 

Wear.    A  form  of  war'. 

Wearing,  n.  a  consumption. 

Weary,  adj.  (1)  troublesome,  vexatious. 
(2)  Bad  ;  as,  "  Ye've  a  weary  fire  "  = 
A  very  bad  one. 

Webster,  n.  a  weaver. 

Weddher,  Pr.  of  wether. 

Weddher-breeder,  n.  a  sudden  fine  day 
of  extraordinary  beauty,  followed 
often  by  rain  and  storm. 

Weddher-dog,  n.  a  broken  rainbow : — 

"A  dog  at  night 
Is  a  farmer's  delight." 

See  Dog. 
Weddin'er,  n.  a  guest  at  a  wedding. 
Week,  v.i.  to  squeak,  to  whine,  as  a 

little  pig. 
Ween,  v.t.  (1)  to  think,  to  suppose.  (2) 

To  guess. 
Weeny,  adj.  very  small,  little. 
Wees' :  we  shaU.     "  Wees]  net"=We 

shall  not. 
Weigh  saut,  To.     A  game  in  which 

two  persons  stand  back  to  back,  with 

their  arms  linked  together,  and  alter- 
nately lift  each  other. 
Weigh-balk,    )  n.  the  beam  of  a  pair 
Weigh-beam,  \     of  scales. 
Weight,  n.  a  great  number  or  quantity. 
Weish,  n.  stale  urine. 
Weish,  Pr.  of  wash. 
Weish-hooal,  n.  a  sink-hole. 
Weishy,  adj.  thin,  watery,  weak,  insipid. 
Well,  v.t.  to  weld. 
Well,  v.i.  to  boil.     O.N.  vella,  ebullire, 

decoquere. 
Well-head,  n.  (1)  a  fountain,  a  spring. 

Thence  (2),  the  fountain  or  origin  of 

anything. 
Welly,  adv.  very  near. 
Welt,  n.  ribbed  knitting. 
92 


Welt,  v.t.  to  overset,  to  overturn.  O.N. 
velta,  volvere,  volvi,  Dan.  vcelte,  to 
upset,  to  overturn. 

Welter,  v.i.  to  reel  or  stagger. 

Wend,  v.i.  to  go. 

Went,  p.p.  of  To  go. 

Wer,  poss.  pron.  our. 

"Werret  ) 

Werry,'  (  v,t' to  tease> to  won7- 

Wersels,  pers.  pron.  ourselves. 

Wesh,  pr.  of  To  wash. 

Wesh-dub,  n.  a  pool  to  wash  sheep  in. 

Wesher.     See  Washer. 

Wessel,  v.t.  to  beat. 

Wessling,  n.  a  good  beating. 

Wete,  )  v.t.  to  know.     S.G.  weta,  scire, 

Wit,  )  M.G.  vitan,  Du.  weten,  Sw. 
veta,  to  know. 

Wete  (or  wit),  To  let.  To  give  inform- 
ation, cause  to  know.  See  Let  wit. 

Wet-hand,  n.  a  drunken  fellow. 

Wha,  Pr.  of  who. 

Whaas,  Pr.  of  whose. 

Whacker-gerse,  n.  the  plant  cow-quake 
{Briza  media,  Linn.). 

Whaker,  Pr.  of  quaker. 

Wha  Tie'  C  v,i'  *°  coax>  ^°  entice. 
Whale,  v.t.  to  thrash,  to  beat. 
Whalin',  n.  a  beating  or  thrashing. 
Whang,  v.t.  to  throw  with  violence. 
Whang,  n.  (1)  a  thong.    (2)  A  leathern 

tie  for  a  boot  or  shoe.     AS. 

a  thong,  S.G.  twang  e,  lorum. 
Whangby,  n.  very  hard  cheese  made 

of  skimmed  milk. 
Whanging,  adj.  stout,  lusty. 
Wharel,  )  n.  a  stone  quarry.      Wharel- 
Wharl,    )      flat,  a  stone  quarry  near 

Carke,  now  called  Quarry-flat.   O.Fr. 

quarriere.      (The  wh  is   pronounced 

with  a  whistled  aspirate). 
Wharl  (Pr.  of  whorl),  n.  a  small  wheel 

or  spindle. 
Warry,  Pr.  of  quarry.     See  Wharl. 
What  for  ?    For  what  reason  ? 
Whatsomever,  rel.  pron.  whatever. 
Wheal,  n.  a  blister. 
Wheam,  adj.  (1)  soft,  quiet,  mild  in 

character.     (2)  Smooth,  sheltered. 
Wheamly,  adv.    (1)  slily,    deceitfully. 

(2)  Smoothly. 
Whean,  v.t.  to  coax,  to  flatter.  "What  a 

whednan  way  she  hez  !  "  See  Whain. 
Whelk, 


Whelker, 


n.  a  thump  or  blow. 


Whelkin',  adj.  very  large. 


WH 


WI 


Whemmle,  v.t.  to  turn  anything  up- 
side down. 

Whensomiver,  adv.  whenever. 

Whether,  adj.  which  of  the  two.  "  I 
can't  tell  whether's  whether." 


Whew, 
Whewt, 


v.t.  to  whistle. 


Whew,  n.  a  sudden  vanishing  away. 
Whew,  v.i.  (1)  to  fly  hastily.     (2)  To 
make  great  speed.     (3)  To  throw. 

WMther '  \  vd'  to  shake>  to  tremble- 

Whiff,  n.  a  glimpse. 

Whiffle,  v.i.  (1)  to  flutter,  to  hesitate, 
to  be  unsteady.  (2)  Not  to  adhere 
to  one's  word  or  bargain.  (3)  To 
talk  wildly,  inconsistently. 

Whiffler,  n.  a  waverer,  a  person  un- 
steady of  purpose,  a  vacillating  char- 
acter. A.S.  wcejlere,  a  whiffler,  a 
blabber. 

Whiffle-whaffle,  n.  nonsense. 

Whiffling,  adj.  uncertain. 

Whig,  n.  butter-milk. 

Whig,  n.  a  kind  of  sweetened  bun  with 
currants  in  it. 

While,  adv.  until.  "Stay  tha  theyar 
while  I  cum  back"=  Stay  thou  there 
until  I  return. 

Whimple,  v.i.  to  sob  and  cry  as  a 
child. 

Whims,  n.  a  windlass. 

Whim- wham,  n.  a  thin  piece  of  wood 
with  a  notched  edge,  which,  being 
swung  round  swiftly  on  a  string, 
yields  a  humming  or  buzzing  sound. 

WTiim-whams,  n.  trifles,  children's 
toys. 

Whin,  n.  furze. 

Whinge,  v.i.  to  whine.  S.G.  wenga, 
plorare. 

Whipstock,  n.  the  handle  of  a  whip. 

Whirl-beyan,  n.  the  cap  of  the  knee, 
patella. 

Whirly-spout,  n.  poor  weak  beer. 

Whishion,  Pr.  of  cushion. 

Whisht,  adj.  (1)  silent.  "As  whisht  as 
mice."  Sw.  hwiska,  to  whisper.  (2) 
Gentle.  ' '  Varra  whisht "  =  Very  gentle. 

Whish  !  interj.  be  silent  !  hush  ! 

Whisk,  v.t.  to  switch. 

Whisk,  Corr.  of  whist. 

Whisket,  n.  a  two-handled  basket,  used 
both  in  the  house  and  in  the  farm 
yard,  made  of  long  slices  of  willow 
or  other  tough  wood. 

Whiskin',  adj.  large. 

Whisky,  n.  a  kind  of  gig. 


White,  v.t.  to  cut  wood  with  a  knife, 
to  whittle,  to  cut  into  chips.  A.S. 
pwitan,  to  cut  off. 

White  it  =  The  deuce  take  it. 

White,  interj.  a  call  to  ducks. 

White,  n.  a  mark  for  an  arrow  or  other 
shooting  apparatus.  Du.  wit,  a  white 
or  mark  in  a  butt. 

White-crop,  n.  corn,  in  contradistinc- 
tion to  green-crop,  as  turnips,  pota- 
toes, beans,  etc. 

WTiitensh,  In.. 

Whiteheft,  \  n'  flatter^'  cunnmg- 

White-goulds,  n.  a  name  for  the  ox- 
eyed  daisy. 

White-herrin',  n.  a  pickled  herring. 

White-money,  n.  silver  money. 

White-puddin',  n.  a  sort  of  sausage, 
distinguished  from  black-pudding 
by  its  containing  no  blood. 

Whither,  n.  whirr,  noise,  occasioned 
by  resistance  of  the  air  to  the  rapid 
passage  through  it  of  some  bulky 
object. 

Whitherer,  adj.  a  strong  and  stout 
person.  [ing. 

Whitherin',  adj.  strong,  lusty,  astound- 

Whitin's,  n.  small  chips  made  with  a 
knife  in  cutting  a  stick. 

WTiitten,  p.p.  of  To  white. 

WTiittle,  n.  a  butcher's  slaughtering 
knife.     A.S.  p  wit  el. 

Whittle,  v.t.  to  cut. 

Whittled,  adj.  drunk. 

Whittle-geyat,  n.  the  privilege  of  a 
free  knife  and  fork  at  another's  table. 

Whittle-ta-whet,  v.t.  to  sharpen,  to 
set  an  edge  on. 

Whizz,  v.i.  to  hiss,  to  buzz. 

Whizzen,  v.i,  to  whine. 

WTiizzer,  n.  a  falsehood. 

Whummel  (Corr.  of  wimble),  n.  an 
auger  of  large  size. 

WTiya,  adv.  well ! 

Wi',  Corr.  of  with. 

Wibble-wabble,  adv.  unsteadily. 

Wick,  n.  a  quickset  plant.     A.S.  cwic. 

Wick,  adj.  quick,  alive,  alert.  A.S.  cwic. 

Wicked,  adj.  dangerous. 

Wicked,  adv.  used  intensitively ;  as, 
"  It's  a  wicked  bad  un  ;  "  not  un- 
common, said  of  things. 

Wicken,  (1)  v.t.  to  quicken.  (2)  v.i. 
To  become  alive.     A.S.  cvncian. 

Wickenin',  n.  yeast. 

Wicks,  n.  maggots  in  sheep. 

Wicks,  n.  twitch  or  couch-grass.  A.S. 
cwice. 

93 


WI 


WE, 


Wicksands,  n.  quicksands.    O.N.  qvik- 

sandr,  syrtes. 
Wickwoods,   n.    (1)    quickset   plants. 

(2)  Live  wood  or  trees  in  fences. 
Widdy,  )  n.  (1)  a  willow.    (2)  A  tough 
"Withy,  )       band  twisted  of  osier  rods 

partially  dried    at    the    fire.      A.S. 

wiftfte,   a    twisted    rod,  a  willow,  a 

band.     Sw.  vidja,  willow,  twig. 
Widdle,  v.t.  to  deceive,  to  beguile. 
Widdn't,  Corr.  of  will  not. 
Wide-gobbed,  adj.  wide-mouthed. 
Wide-oppen,  adj.  Pr.  of  wide  open. 
Widow  bewitched,  n.  a  woman  who  is 

separated  from  her  husband. 
Wie,  n.  a  female  calf. 
Wiet,  Pr.  of  quiet. 
Wietly,  Pr.  of  quietly. 
Wife,  n.  a  woman,  whether  married  or 

not.     A.S.  wif,  a  woman,  a  female. 
Wife-muddher,  n.  a  mother-in-law. 
Wiggle,  v.i.  to  reel  or  stagger. 
Wild,  adj.  crazy,  furious. 
Wild-fire,  n.  the  erysipelas. 
WiU.     "How  far  is  it  to  Hotun  ? " 

"  Let's  see,  it'll  be  better  an  a  mile 

an  a  hofe." 
Wince,  v.i.  to  hesitate,  to  desist. 
Winch,  v.t.  to  wind  up  anything  with 

a  windlass  or  crane. 
Wind,  v.t.  to  winnow  corn. 
Wind,  v.t.  to  wind. 
Winda-peeper,  n.  the  district  surveyor 

of  taxes. 
Winda-shut,  n.  window-shutter. 
Wind-bands,  n.  long  clouds  supposed 

to  indicate  stormy  weather. 
Winder,  v.i.  to  pine  away,  to  decline. 
Windle,  n.  a  bushel. 
Wind-raa,  n.  a  row  of  turf  set  up  to 

dry  in  the  sun  and  wind. 
Wind-sauker  (Corr.  of  wind-sucker), 

n.  the  kestrel. 
Wind-shaks,  n.  cracks  in  wood. 
Windy,  adj.  talkative,  noisy. 
Winesaur,  n.  a  sort  of  large  plum. 
Winking,  adj.  dozing,  sleeping. 
Winn  el,  n.  a  bushel.     W.  gwyntel,  a 

basket,  A.S.  windel,  a  basket. 
Winnel-straw,  n.  (1)  dry  or  old  grass 

stems.  (2)  A  long  kind  of  bent  grass. 

A.S.  windel-streow,  straw    for   plait 

ing. 
Winnymer,  n.  a  very  poor  cheese. 
Winsome,  adj.  lively,    gay,    cheerful. 

A.S.  winsum,  pleasant. 
Winteridge,  n.  winter  eatage  for  cattle. 
Wi'  out,  Pr.  of  without. 
94 


Wise-like,  adj.  possessing  the  appear- 
ance of  wisdom  or  propriety.  A.S. 
wislic,  wise,  prudent. 

Wise-man,  n.  a  conjurer,  a  sage,  a 
wizard, 

Wissand  (Corr.  of  weasand),  n.  the 
throat,  the  gullet. 

Wit,  n.  sense,  intelligence.  O.N.  vit, 
sana  mens,  intellectus,  ingenium. 

Wi'  't,  Pr.  of  with  the. 

Witch,  v.t.  to  bewitch. 

Witch,  n.  a  wizard.  "  It  was  oalus  said 
that  Nathaniel  Withers  was  a  witch." 

Witch- wand,  n.  a  twig  of  the  mountain 
ash,  once  used  to  find  minerals. 

Wite,  Corr.  of  requite. 

Wite,  v.t.  to  blame,  to  reproach.  "  'Od 
wite  it  ! "  an  imprecation  =  God 
punish  it.  A.S.  witan,  to  punish,  to 
blame,  O.N.  vita,  reprehendere,  S.G. 
wita,  punire,  mulctare. 

Wite,  n.  (1)  blame.  "  He  set 't  wite  a 
me."  (2)  The  money  paid  as  com- 
pensation for  a  crime.  A.S.  wite, 
punishment,  a  fine,  torture,  N.Fris. 
wite,  O.N.  viti,  S.G.  wite. 

Withy- wand,  n.  a  willow  wand,  a  twig. 

Witing,  n.  knowledge,  acquaintance 
with  anything. 

Witter,  n.  a  barb,  as  on  a  fish-hook. 

Witter-huked,  adj.  barbed. 

Wittering,  n.  a  hint,  knowledge,  idea. 

Wive,  v.t.  to  marry.  A.S.  wijian,  to 
take  a  wife,  to  marry. 

Wizzen,v.  i.  to  wither  away,  to  shrivel  up. 

Wizzened,  adj.  parched  or  shrivelled 
up.     Sw.  vissen,  withered,  faded. 

Wonst,  adv.  once, 

Woodbund,  adj.  said  of  a  drawer,  etc. 

which    will    not    open   from    being 

swelled  with  damp,  etc. 
Words,  They  had  had  a  few.     Had 

had  a  quarrel. 
Worry,  v.t.  to  choke. 
Worseler,  Pr.  of  wrestler. 
Worsen,  v.i.  to  grow  worse, 

Wirsle '  (  v'^"  *°  wres^e-  Du.  worstelen. 
Wot,  v.t.  to  know.     "  I  wot  not  when." 
Wote,  v.t.  to  overturn  a  cart. 
Wottin'ly,  adv.  designedly. 
Wowl,  v.i.  to  howl,  to  cry. 
Wraith,  n.  the  shaft  of  a  cart. 
Wrang,  pret.  of  To  wring. 
Wrang,  v.t.  to  wrong,  to  do  injustice  by. 
Wranglesome,  adj.  cross,  quarrelsome. 


WR 


YU 


Wreck,  n.  the  line  of  sea-weed  on  the 
shore. 

Wrecklin',  n.  (1)  the  smallest  and 
weakest  of  a  brood,  (2)  An  unhealthy, 
feeble  child.  [Cf.  S.Jutl.  vrag,  vrdg- 
ling,  vragsel,  vragsling,  with  the  same 
sense,  Dan.  vrag,  that  which  is  re- 
jected or  put  on  one  side  as  inferior. 
Ed.]. 

Wree  against,  v.t.  to  insinuate  to  a 
person's  disadvantage. 

Wreeden,  adj.  peevish,  cross. 

Wrigglety,  adj.  awry,  crooked,  all  on 
one  side. 

Wrigglety-wry,  adj.  awry,  all  on  one 
side,  crooked. 

Writings,  n.  title  deeds,  written  secu- 
rities. 

Wrout,  Pr.  of  wrought. 

Wrussle,  Pr.  of  wrestle. 

Wund,  Pr.  of  wound. 

Wusset,  Pr.  of  worsted. 


Ya  (pr.  yah)  num.  adj.  one. 

Yacker,  Pr.  of  acre. 

Yaff,  v.i.  to  bark. 

Yak,  Pr.  of  oak. 

Yal,  Pr.  of  ale. 

Yalla-pumps,  n.  very  young  calves  ; 
so  called  from  their  hoofs  being  yel- 
low when  calved. 

Yallas,  n.  yellows,  the  jaundice. 

Yallow-y o wring, n.  the  yellow-hammer. 

Yam,  Pr.  of  home. 

Yammer,  v.i.  (1)  to  make  a  loud,  dis- 
agreeable noise.     (2)  To  yearn  after. 

Yan,  num.  adj.  one. 

Yance,  adv.  once. 

Yan's  :  one's. 

Yansel,  pers.  pron.  oneself. 

Yanst,  adv.  once. 

Yark,  n.  to  strike  hard,  to  beat. 

Yarker,  n.  something  very  large. 

Yarkin',  adj.  (1)  huge.  (2)  Severe. 
"A  girt  yarkin  blaa." 


Yarn,  Pr.  of  earn. 

Yarnut,  Pr.  of  earthnut  (Bunium 
jlexuosum,  Linn.). 

Yarrish,  adj.  of  a  harsh  taste. 

Yeack,  Pr.  of  oak. 

Yeap'm,  v.i.  to  hiccough. 

Yearbs,  Pr.  of  herbs. 

Yearles,  n.     See  Aries. 

Yearth,  Pr.  of  earth. 

Yebble,  Pr.  of  able. 

Yedders,  n.  wattling  bands  for  hedges. 

Yelper,  n.  a  young  dog. 

Yemman  (Pr.  of  yeoman),  n.  a  person 
of  moderate  independent  landed  pro- 
perty. 

Yep  !  interj.  a  word  of  command  to 
horses. 

Yep-sintle,  two  handfuls. 

Yer,  poss.  pron.  your. 

Yerd-band,  )  n.  a  yardwand,  a  rod  of 

Yerdwand,  \      a  yard  in  length. 

Yersel,  pron.  yourself. 

Ye's,  you  shall.  "  We  waint  be  said 
nay,  ye's  stop  and  hev  a  bit  a  dinner 
wi'  us."  A  common  form  of  rural 
hospitality. 

Yet,  n.  a  gate. 

Yet-stoop,  n.  a  gate-post. 

Yilp,  v.i.  to  chirp  as  young  birds  do. 

Yocken,  v.i.  (1)  to  make  a  noise  in  the 
throat  as  if  swallowing  something. 
(2)  To  choke. 

Yode  (Corr.  of  jade),  n.  a  horse,  a 
riding  horse. 

Yok',  v.t.  to  yoke.  "  Toh  t'  horse  inta 
t'  cart." 

Yok',  n.  a  yoke. 

Yon,  adv.  yonder,  somewhat  at  a  dis- 
tance. 

Youngermer,  adj.  younger. 

Yow,  n.  an  ewe. 

Yower,  n.  an  udder. 

Yowl,  v.i.  (1)  to  yelp  or  bark  like  a 
dog.     (2)  To  yell,  to  bellow. 

Yule,  n.  Christmas. 

Yule-log,  n.  a  large  piece  of  firewood 
laid  on  the  fire  on  Christmas-eve  ; 
also  called  a  Kersmas  stock.  Dan. 
Juul,  Christmas,  Yule, 


STEPHEN   AUSTIN,   PRINTER,    HERTFORD. 


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PE    1949 
.L7  P4 
Copy    1 


LIBRPRY  OF  CONGRESS 


0  003  079  931  8  *