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I. LEABH.
2. AIR.
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GAIDHEAL;
Paipeir-litoclifl km Leaìliar-SpiL
DARA MIOS AN FHOGHAIR. 1871.
GL^I^-iI^:N^SI^>£c
Mu 111 Scann Ghaidheil 19
Mu loni] inearlul Shina 20
NiiiUu (ilidan 21
JUatlii L tliclniiahCholuimClhUe 23
Eio'li O Lhreig-Eileanhaidh 'J4
Duu Wirusgtigh a^jus Iain 'lh
Orari, air Fogradh nan Gaidheal .. 2(5
CaitUream do Righ Tearlach, II. .. 27
Canada 18
30
Niasji-a
An Lon-r)ubU
Seoiiaid, Flur Boidhcach a Ghlinn. 31
Tuireadh Seann Fhleasgaca 32
Oiscin ; a 'Linn agus a Bhardachd 32
Ro' na Chomhraig 83
Tuire' Fhinn airson Baile-Chluaidii 34
Maibh-rana 35
Laoidh, air Cor an Ouine 36
" Gabhaibh — eolas thar anòrthaghta."— Gnathfhooail vili 10.
3>TICK:03L.S03Sr <Sc CO.,
TORONTO, CANADA, & GLASGOW, SCOTLAND.
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CONTENTS OF No. 2.
To..urR<'a.ler! 19
AbuutthcAn.-ii-iilHii,'ljl:iiiders 19
About ti.e Chiiicse Empire 20
News :i
Lift- of St. Coluiuba— Continual 23
A Cry from CruiyellacI e 24
Dunbhrusf,ruigii and John 2.5
A Song on tlie HigMand Kvictious 2ò
A triuniiJi.il Song to King Cliiii Ics II 1:7
Canada 28
><'iagara
Tlie Black Bird
J- ssie, the Flower of Dunblane
The Old Bachclor'.s Lament
Ossiati, Ills Time and liis Poems
Just before the E.ittle
Fingal'.s Lament for the fall of Bal-Ciyde
Elegy cm the Kev. P. Mi:Lean
A Hymn on the State of Man
.. 32
.. 32
.. 33
.. 34
F.NTrr.ISH SUPPr.EMI^NT
The Strurturc aiMÌ .'.(iiuitiiM'flhe Gaelic Language 37 | Philological Eu'juirie.s
Kemarks on GiielM- Uitho{,;.iipliy 40 1 Ussian
Ne«s ofthe liirhl.-.iKls^id Isiamls 41 Burton's Ilistoiy of Sootbnd
Answers to Con i>i.oiidi i.ts 42 To Our Subscribers
Kind Words f.r IfteG.-f J,— Opinions of the Press. 42 | Emigration to Canada— Advertisement.
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AN
GAIDHEAL ;
PAIPEIR-NAIDHE^CHD
LEABHAR-SGEOIL GAIDHEALACH.
X CPIEUD LEABHAPt, ANNS AM BHEIL DA AIREAMH DHEUG.
^<;>. f' (_ V-' 1 .• - /
Mar gliath s^jfijK^ >lo in' anam fcin
Tha egcula na P^5^J^èn*>.-<^ll'^lalbh."— Oisean.
|■?!T^;nM^■r"t■^'!^J]
(1 L A S ( ; H U :
M A C - N E A C A I L ' S A C H U I D E A C H I) .
18 7 3.
GLASCHL':
D U ÌSf N A G U S WEIGHT,
CXO-BIirAIl.TEARAN.
PRISTON CASTLE
?AR-mTl3SI0N|
C L A R - 1 N N S I D H.
(Contents of Vol. I.) .
Taobh.
Abraich Gblasclui, . . . 293
Alba, eachdraidh, ... 60
Ardfhear foshluim Gailig, . . 15
Astralia, litir a, . . . . 58
Bantraichean, aa tri, . . . 202
Bàs uaislean Gaidliealach, . . 90
Galium a' Ghlinne. 167, 195, 231, 253,
2S1, 809
Canada, . 13, 28, 56, 111, 179, 210
Ceum no dha o'n Chagailt, . 151
Ceann-a-Ghiusaich, . .. 180, 228
Cogadh na Frainge, ... 5
ColumCille, ... 3, 23, 115
Comunn Oiseiueach Ghlascliu, . 91
Comunn Gaidhealacli Lunuainn, . 59, 236
Cosamlilachdan, .... 240
Cuimhneachan, .... 120
Dubh a' Gbiubhais, . . . 142
Fànte bho'n 011a Mac Aoidli . 91
— bho'n Sgiathanach, . 176
— na Ban-Phrionnsa, . GO
Feillire, am, .... 316
Freagairtean, &c., 18. 60, 94, 127, 155,
185,214,242^317
Gaidheil, na scauu, 2, ]9, 47, 70;.1O7,
. '-498, 223
— Chanada, . .'; 7
— Ghaschu, . . 77
Gaidhealach, na Tigbcarnan . . 59
Gailig anns na Sgoileau, . . 296
Gearain, 59
lolaire Locb Truig, . . . 285
Leabhraicbean ùra Gailig, . 15, 87
Luchd-Leughaidb, do ar, . ' 19, 326
MacDbunleibbe, Uilleam, . . 314
Mac Leoid, an t-olla, . . . 139
ISIairi agus an t Adjniral, . . 122
Manitoba, 14
Miann na Ban-Eireannaicb,. . 178
Naidbeacbdan, 14, 21, 50, 85, 124, 149,
. 184, 213, 242, 267, 295, 325
Xitbe nuadb" agus scan, 11, 60, 93, 123,
155, 185, 214, 314
Oidbcbe air cbcilidb, . . , 238
— Sbambua . . 264
Oisein, a liuu agus a bhàrdacbd,. 32,
48, 80, 108, 170, 200
Ontario, litir u . . . . 240
Oraidean Gailig. . . - ,89. 289
Taobh.
Pòsadb Tbigbeama
Latburna. . 15
Pat O'Connor,
257
Ecultaireacbd,
225, 251,
279, 307
Pioimbradb,
J.
Eiin ar turuis.
75
Bùnasdacb, litricbean bbo, 113, 181,
206, 319
Samblaidhean air uitbcan spioradail, 118
I Sgeulachdan, . . . 209, 285
Sgire nra Cbeallaig, . . . 146
Sgrios nam Piocacb, . . . 266
Slna, mu iompaireacbd, . . 20
Sltbicbean, na, . . . . 234
Smuid Sboitbeacb, . . 143, 172
Sop as gacbseid, 95, 126, 155, 185, 214, 325
Thomas, Mrs Caiptein, . . 57
Toimbseachaiu, 11, 61, 94, 126, 155,
185, 214, 314
EAEDACIID.
Abbuinn Dù'lais,
237
Bas Mborair Chluaidh,
.
125
— Sbeanacherib, .
,
212
Beaunacbadb leaunain.
,
237
Brasailto,
.
259
Buaidb an t-Soisgeil,
65
Cabar-feidh,
174
Combairle do na gillean oga
,
0
— Gaidheil,
57
Comunn Gaidbealacb Ghlinne
Gairidh,
53
Creag-Eileacbaidh,
24
Cumba do Bbaintigbearna '.
3bubbair{
,
296
312
— Maigbdno
.
62
Dan Spioradail, .
17
Doctoir Ceitin,
^
236
Duan Callaiune, .
148
Duanag a' cluobair,
.
151
— Gbaoil, .
.
12
— Ullamb, an.
260
Duanan,
'.90
127
Dun Bbrusgraigb agus Iain.
2^
, 51
Dundiagb, boineidean.
.
284
Eilein an Fhraoicb,
128
Failte-gbaoil,
.
87
Ara Fear-Ullacbaidb, .
17
Fionnairidb, Slan le.
.
150
IV.
CONTENTS.
Taobh.
T.^ORH.
FrcagraJh Gaoil, ....
148
Rannan, .....
146
Gabhaidh siane 'n rathad uior,
288
High Tèarlach II, Caithream do, .
27
an (iaidhcal agus an Eala, .
286
Roimb'n Chòmhraig, .
33
an Gaidhcal 'am measg uau Gall,
10
Rnathar ]\Ihic IMliuirich,
117
Gaol diithcha, ....
12
Seonaid fliir boidheach a' Ghlinu,
31
Geallaidheau luaclnnhor,
1)6
Sir Coinneach ]Mac Choinnich,
211
Homer, . . . . -^Oò,
317
Sir Seumas A[ac Mhathain, oran do.
16
Laoidhcan, . . 36, 110, 1-^, 154,
256
Solus a' dcalradh mach a dorchadas
, 206
Loch nan Garr, ....
156
Suspiria, .-.•...
121
Lon-dubh, an, ....
31
Taladh na bean shith, .
235
Magh Leuna, ....
63
Taobh mo thoine fhein,
9
^larblirann
35
Tuireadh Baintighearna Chola,
179
Mo :\liiathair, ....
149
— ■ Fhinn,
34
Xcòinein, do, ... .
212
— Scann fhleasgacha,
32
Niagra,
30
— Seann mhaighdimi,
9
Grain, 12, 26, 54, 55, 58, 86, 92, 186
,
Uilleam ]Mac-Dhunleiblio, .
314
238, 268, 318,
322
Urnaidh Oisein, . . . .
83
unnd Sasunnachj Air
122
TO ENGLISH DEPARTMENT OF VOL. L
TAcr
74
165
221
44
273
99
Agents, list of, .
Blackie, Professor, on nationality,
— letter from, .
Burton's History of Scotland,
Celtic, the place of , . . .
Celtic Society, Glasgow Students,
(Correspondence, . . 276, 303, 333
Correspondents, answers to, 42, 74,
105, 137, 166, 222, 250,- 278, 306, 332
Editor, letters to, ... 6, 249
Finary, farewell to, . . . 192
Gaelic, the affinity of ,to I^atin and G reck, 157
— Grammar, . . . 332
— Language, .... 67
— Lore 271
— Orthography, . . . 40
— School society, . . . 132
— Society of London, . . 44
— Specimens of ancient, . 98
— Statistics, .... 301
— Structure and Affinities of the, 37
Glen Truim ball, . . . 161
" God save the Queen," Gaelic, 221, 250
Highland ]\Iarching Song, , . 101
— Eegiments, . . 218
— Societies, meetings of, 103
Highlands and Islands, News of, 41, 73,
101, 134, 161, 193, 222, 277, 306, 331
Page
Highlands, the history of the, . 187
Homer, Gaelic, .... 220
Inverness Gaelic Society, . . 163
Leabhar na Feinuc, . . . 302
Logan, James, . ... . 101
Maclauchlan, Dr., Gaelic Class, . 100
— Letter from, . ' . 102
Murdoch, ]\Ir, retiroinent of, . 248
Nationality, what determines, . 136
Nether-Lochaber, letter from, . 221
Ossian, ■..*.. 43
Ossianic poetry, fragment of, . 189
Philological Enquiries, . 43, 74
Philology, Gaelic, . 215, 243, 249, 329
Poetry, the spirit of, . . . 134
Preaching, bilingual, . . . 129
Readers, to our, .... 332
River names of England, 246, 299, 327
Skye, my captivity in, . . . 135
Subscribers, to our, . . . 45
Thankful breathings, . . . 134
"The Gael," kind words to, . . 42
The Bonnet Kilt and Feather, . 303
"The Highlander," ... 305
The Highlanders of New Brunswick, 160
The Highlanders of North Carolina, 97,160
Tuam News on The Gael, . . 278
.A-isr
GAIDHEAL.
I. Leabh.] DARA MIOS an FHOGHAIR, 1871.
[2 Air.
DO AR LUCPID LEUGHAIDH.
Tlia An Gaidheal a nis a cur failte
air a chaii-dean an dara 'uair, agus ag'
iarraidh maitheanas air son a bhi cbo
fadalach. Cha 'n eil leagamh nach
robh cuid dhiubh a caoidh air a sbon a
cheana, a smuaineachadh gu'n deacb e
air chall anns a choille, no gun d' tba-
chair aimlisg no dochann eile de 'n
t-seorsa ris a cbuir as an rathad e. Acli
tha sinn rò tboilicbte innse' do ar caird-
ean nach do thacbair dad de 'n t-seorsa ;
cha 'n 'eil eu slaint no eugailt sa 'm
bith a cur air. An aite sin 's ann a tha
e ga fhaighinn fhein moran na's treise
agus na's misneachail gu gabbail air a
thurus gu reith direach, na bha e roimh.
'N uair a thoisich sinn air a Ghaidh-
EAL, bha e rhmi oirnn a chur a mach
gach mios ; tha sinn duilich gu 'n
deach' na raighailtean sin a thilgeadh
bun o's ceann oirnn, le Mr. MacNeacail,
'am fear ullachaidh, a bhi air a chur a
mach le uachdranachd Chanada, gu
sealtaiun as deigh gnothfiichean luchd-
iomruich, blio 'n Ghaidhealtachd agus
ceann tuath Alba. Tha moran ullach-
aidh aige ri dheanamh air son a thui-uis
agus gun an uine ach goirid air son a
dheanamh ; tha e eu-comasach uime
sin an Gaidheal a chur a mach ach
gach dara mios, gu toiseach na bliadhna
ùir. Cha bhi call 's am bith aig ar
luchd leughaidh a thaobh na riaghailt
so, oir glieibh iad da aireamh dheug
air son pàidheadh na bliadhna ; se sin
aon air son gach mios sa bhliadhna.
Tha sinn a nis air cluintinn bho
mhoran d' ar luchd-duthcha, as gach
cearna bho Lhoch-na-Madadh an Uist,
gu Australia agus Duthaich na h-Aimh-
ne Deirg ; agus gu dearbh ma bha teag- 1
amh s am bith againn 's a cheud dol
a-much mu shoirbheachadh a Ghaidh-
EiL, tha e nis air f huadach buileach air
falbh. Tha sinn fo chomain agus a toirfc
moran taing dhoibh uile air son an
gniomhara agus am briathraibh caimh-
neil.
MU NA SEANN GHAIDHEIL.
II.
NA PICTI, NO DAITHTICH.
Roimh dheireadh na treas linne cha
robh ainm sam bith eile ach Caledon-
aich air luchd-aiteachaidh Ceann tuath
Bhreatuinn aig na h-Eachdraichibh
Romanach. Ach mu 'n bhliadhna 296
thugadh ainm nuadh orra, 'se sin
"Picti," na Pictich, no Daithtich, no
a mhuinntir Dhaithte. B'e Euvienius
an Cainntear a chleachd an t-ainm so
air tus anns an Oraid chliuthachaidh a
rinn e do Chonstantius Cidorus air son j
na buaidh a thug e air an traoiteir
Alectus. Air dha labhairt mu na
Deas Bhreatunnaich thubhairt e " Os
barr bha an cinneach aineolach aig an
am sin, agus a chionn nach b'aithne do
na Breatunnaich ach na Picti agiis na
h-Eirionnaich a mhain, naimhdean
leth-ruisgte, uime sic gheill iad gu
furasda do airm agus do bhrataich nan
Romanach." Gum b' iad na Picti so,
an t-aon sluagh ceudna ris na Caledon-
aich tha Eumenius so fein a' noch-
dadh gu soilleur anns an oraid a rinn e
air beulaobh an Inipire Con.stantin mac
Chonstantius anns a' bhliadljiia a. d.
309. Nuair a mhol e Constantius
d'a mhac thubhairt e, " ISTach bu deoin
leis coilltichean agus catharraich-moin-
tich nan Caledonach agus nam Picteach
eile a ghlacadh, no eadhon Eirinn a bha
20
AN GAIDHEAL.
fagus air lainili, no eilean TLula a blia
fad as." Tlia e dearbliadh gun rol»b
cogadh aig na Deas Bhrcatunnaich ris
na Picti roimh tlieacLd Julius Chaesair,
agus a' feiicliainn an dealacliaidli a bha
eadar Caosar agus Constantius. Agus
nuair a tlia e ag' radb guu rol)]i na
Picti letL-ruisgte freagraidli an t-iom-
radli so gu matb do na Gaidhil sgead-
aicbte lois an fheile-bheag.
Tiia e coltadi guu d' tbainig au
t-ainm Picti o n chleachdadh a bha
coitcheann am ineasg seann luchd
aiteachaidh Bbreatuinn, oir tha lulius
Caesar ag innseadli giin robh iad 'gan
dath fein lo dath li;vghorni a chum an
aogus a dheanamh na b' eagalhiiche ann
an am cogaidh ; agus tha Herodian ag
radh mar an ceudna gun robh na Cale-
donaich uilc DaitJde ri linn an Impire
^everus nuair a chaidh e gu tuath sa'
bbliadhna 1^07. Tha am Bard Claudian
mar an ceudna ag radh " Nach ann
cearr a blia an t-ainm Picti" ( Nee /also
Nomine Picti), a ciallachadh gun roijh
an t-ainm freagarrach dhoibh a chionn
gun robli iad air an dath, oir tha am
facal Laidin Pictus a 'ciallachadh
** daithte." Tha e ro choltach gun do
le&n na Gaidhil Thuathach air a'
chleachdadh so, a bhi 'gan dath fein sa'
chogadh, an deigh dhoibh sgur dheth
ann an ceann a Deas Bhi-eatuinn, ni
a thachair co luath sa cheannsaicheadh
an tir leis na Romanaich, agus gu
h-araid an uair a thainig an creideamh
Criosduidh a steach do 'n Eilean. Os
barr tha am Bai'd Claudian a' feuchainn
dhuinn an doigh anns an robh an dath
so air a dheanamh, eadhon le roiun
bhioràich iarruinn leis an robli an
craiceann air a thoUadh agus an dath
air a chur a steach anns na lotaibh,
*'Jerroque notalas perlegit exangucs
Picto taoriente figuras." " Leugh e
cruthan neofhinelteach air an dealbh le
iarmnn, air corj) marbh a' Phictich."
Mu'r h-ann o' n chleachdadh so a fliuair
iad an t-ainm cha-n eil c soilleur cia
bhuaithe a dli' eirich e, oir cha 'n 'eil
focal sam bith cosmhuil ris anns a'
Ghailig Eirinnich no Albannaich o'
'm faodadh an t-ainm Pictich a bhi air
a radh ris an t-sluagh. Agus chan 'eil
dearbhadh .sam bith gun robh an t-ainm
so air a radh riutha leotha fein no leis
a' chuid eile de mhuinntir dhucliasaich
Bbreatuinn. D.B.B.
Gu hhi air a leantuinn.
MTJ lOMPAIREACHD SHINA.
Tha an treas cuid de'n chinne-daona
gu leir 's an duthaich fharsuinn bo.
Eadar dhaoine, rahnathan as chloinn,
tha mu dha cheud deug muilleki
pearsa 's au t-shaoghal ; agus dhiu sin,
tha corr a's ceithir cheud muilleiii au
Sina amhain, moran tuille na tha 's an
Eorpa gu leir. A reir coltais, bha na
Sinich aiumeil bbo cheann iomad linn ;
oir tha am Faidhe Isaiah ga'n ainmea-
chadh, (Caibdeil XL 12) am nieaag
nan cinneach a thigoadh gu Criosd'a.
Bho cheann corr a's da cheud bliana,
cheannsaich na Tataraich gu tuath
orra na Sinich ; agus chum iad fo
smachd iad gus an latha 'n diugh. Is
Tatarach aat-Iompaire 's a theaghlach,
agus moraii de na li-ard uaislibh. Tlia
saighdeirean din, cuideacbd, aig an
lompaire ; agus tha pairt mbor de thir
nan Tatarach 's an iom])aireichd aige.
Ach is Sinich a chuid mLor d' a
shlaagh.
Tha na Sinich uile colta.ch ri cheile,
am pearsa 'b an intinn. Th* am fait
dubli direach, gun Ivib gun dual, le
feusag dhubh, thana agus sililean
dubha. Tha an craiceann donn dor-
cha, le aghaidhibh plubach^ agus car
aird an taobh ainach na sùl. Cha'n
eil iad am bitcheantas co mor na oo
tròm ri Breiteannaich, na idir co laidir
no CO misneachail. Tha iad seachnach
air bainne, im a's caise ; ach ithidh
iad coin, agus gach sorsa blianaich. 'S e
cotain is aodach do n chuid mhòr
dhiu, ged tha side aig na b-uaislibh :
oir tha caoirich gann n' am measg.
Tha iad buileach modhail, n' an doigh
fhèin ; agus tha e mar fhasan aoa
AN GAIDHEAL.
21
brògan beag iaminn a chuir air na
baintigheamaibh oga, agus a cumail
orra gus am fae iad suae. Tha bo ro
phianail do 'n chloinn ; agus tha e a
cumail an oasan gun lùth gun neart ;
ach cha bhitheadh. iad fasanta air
dboigh eiie. Chan 'eil nigheanan
dhaoin* bochda 'g an cur fo 'n chràdh
BO ; aguB uime sin tha an caean mar a
chuid eUe de n' chLnne daona.
Tha na Sinich deanadach, uiobhalta,
agus grunndail ; agua uime sin tha
tnoran de na thainig do na Staidean diu
a deanamh airgid. Ach tha iad co
rùnach mu 'n tir fhein 'b gum bheil iad
a dol air ais oo luath 's a gheibh iad an
leoir. Air an laimh ©ile, tha iad
carach, cealgach, an-iochdar. Tha moran
diu a tilgeadh amach an leanaban
nighinn, gu bàsachadh am feadh 's a
tha iad I'o speiseil mu 'm pàrantaibh.
Tha iad co fein -speiseil 's gum bheil
iad a sealltuinn sios air a chuid eile de
'n t-shaoghal gu leir ; ach fhuair iad
■dearbha laidir, bho cheann ghoiiid,
nach eil iad coimeas do dhaoine na h-
Eorpa an coga' ; oir chaidh an ruaig
air am feachdaibh, roi aireamh bheag
de naimhdibh. Tha iad buileach
fiadhta ri coigrich, air dhoigh 's gum
bheil e cunnartach do dhaoine fuireach
'n am measg ; agus chan 'eil doigh air
tearantachd ach eagal a chuir orra, le
peanas trom, gach uair a ni iad aineart
air coigrich. Bho cheann ghoirid,
chreach agus mhort iad moran choig-
reach aig baile ris an abrar Tien-tsin.
Bha larla Chlarendon gu mor ri choir-
eachadh airson so. Oir b'e ard-f hear-
corahairle na ban-righ mu chuisibh
choigreach; agus sgriobh e litir gu
righ-theachdaire Bhreiteann an Sina,
nach dionadh am feachd Breiteannach
an luchd-teagasg Criosdaidh an Sina.
Co luath 's a chuala na Sinich so, ghabh
iad misneach, gu droch run an cridhe
a chuir an gniomh.
Is cinnich dhall na Sinich ; ach tha
a nise iomad coi-thional Criosdaidh n'
am measg, a chaidh iompachadh bho
cheann ghoirid ; agus tha iomad min-
iateir a eearmonachadh an t-Bhoiegeil
dhoibh. Chan eil iad idir ro eudar mu
'm baoth-chreideamh fhein. Tha moran
diu a deanamh aoradh do thaibhsibh
an aithrichean, agus thaobh amach de
sin, chan eil ach beag aoraidh air bith
aca. Tha muilean urnaigh 's an
duthaich ; agus tha iadsan a creidsuin
gum bheil eifeachd, an tilgeadh urnaigh
sgriobhta air paipeir anns a mhuUean.
Tha iad ag' radfc gum bheil gach car
de 'n phaipeir co math ri urnaigh air a
toirt suas bho 'n bheul : agus gun
teagamh tha sin fior, thaobh urnaigh-
ean ri diathaibh breige.
Tha sinn an dòchas gun cur luchd-
riaghlaidh na h-Eorpa agus America,
casg air ainneart nan Sineach, air
dhoigh 's gum bi gach coigreach 'n
am measg sabhailte, agus gun sgaoU an
soisgeil dorchadaa na tire, gus am bi
faisneachd Isaiah air a coilionadh, agus
an tionndaidh na Sinich uOe gu Crioad.
NAIDHEACHDAN.
Tha a bhann-shith eadar Breiteann
agus na Staidean air a daineachadh, air
dhoigh 's nach 'eil coltas gum bi cogadh
na connsachadh eadar an da dhuthaicli
car iomad linn, agus math dh' fheuta a
chaoidh. Reitich a bhann so o-ach
connspaid a bha eatorra. A thaobh
iasgach air cladaichibh Chanada, a^'us
seoladh air amhainn Saint Larans,
chan 'eil comas sin a dheanamh gu bhi
aig sluagh nan Staidean mur aontaich
Parlamaid Chanada ris. Agus mur
faidh iadsan sin, cha toir iad comas do
shluagh Chanada seoladh air cuid de 'n
uisgeaohaibhsan. Dh' aontaich Eilein
Phrionnsa Eudard ri so a cheana; ao-us
ged a tha cuid de mhuinntir Chanada an
aghaidh aontachadh ris an ni so, 's e ia
coltaiche gun dean iad e. Oir bheir
sin moran airgid do bhaile mor JVIhon-
treal.
Bha an Samhradh buileach tioram
air feadh Chanada agus na Staidean
mu thuath ; ach tha am bar math am
bithcheantas, agus an cruineachd sonr-
AN GAIDHEAL.
uichte niatli. Tlia pris rahath air feudail
's na dutlichaibh sin, agus tha deagh
am aig luchd-ceird as tuarasdail.
Aiu Breiteann mlmth a Bhann-righ,
air comhairlc a h-ard luchd riaglilaidli,
an seann glinath mu dhreuclidaibli 's
an arm. Bho cheann da cheud bliana,
bha iad sin air an reiceadh ri daoine
beirteach : oir cha b' urrainn daoine
boclid' an ceannaoli, — Uime sin bha
moran de na li-oiiigicli neo-flireagarrach
ail-son an dreucbd, on a tha e trie a
tachairt gum bheil beirteas aig umaidh.
Agus on a tha daoine glic, cruadalach
agus tapaidh gle thric bochd, bha iad sin
ail' an cumail fodha, agus daoine gun
Beagh OS an ceann. Bha so ro mhi thait-
neach do 'n duthaich gu leir ach na h-ard
uaislean. Dh' oireapaicli iad sin air an
seann ghnath a chumail suas ; ach dh'
fhairtlich orra ; agus a nis tha dochas
gum faidh daoine air aghart 's an arm
Bhreiteannach mar an armaibh eile
na h-Eorpa — a reir an toilltinneis, 's
chan aim a reir cothrom an sjiorain.
Ni so an t-arm gu mor ni 's neartaire ;
agus bithidh e n' as fhasa daoine frea-
garrach fhaidhinn.
Tha cuiscan a do] air aghart 's an
Fhraing n' as fhearr na bha duil aig
moran. Ghlac feachd an luchd riagh-
laidh Paris ; agus chaidh moran de 'n
luchd ceannairc a mharbhadh, agus ro
mhoran diu a ghicadh. Rinu na
daoine coirbte sin moran dochainn do n
bhaile-mhor, mus an do chuireadh sios
iad. Mhort iad moran de 'n luchd
aiteachaidh, agus thilg iad sios agus
loisg iad iomad taigh-mor riomhach
agus carncuimhne grinn. 'Na 'm
measg bha cuid de luchairtibh seann
righrean na Frainge, agus carragh ard
abhamarchuiuihneachanairnabuaidh-
ibh a fhuair na Frangaich thair an
naimhdibh an laithibh a cheud Bhona-
parte, le iomhaigh fheiu air a mhullach,
'Nuair a leag iad an carragh, chaidh an
iomhaigh a bhriseadh, agus thilg cuid
de na bha 's an lathair sinugaidean
oirre, oir rinn an t-Iompaire mu dheire
a Iheithid a dh' aintighearnas orra
s' gun robh iad Ian feirg an aghaidh a
luclid-dàimh gu leir, gun sgoinu do
mhoralachd IJhonaparte'nuair a bliae 'n
aird a chumachd agus iomad righ fo a
smachd. Tha na Frangaich a paidh-
eadh an airgid <lo na Gearmailtich, a
reir na bainn shith eatorra, agus tha
feachdan nan Gearniailteach a dol
dachaidh agus a fagail na Frainge,
uidh air uidh. Tha cairdean aig teagh-
lach nan sean righ agus aig Bonaparte
'n am measg ; ach a reir coltais tha a
chuid mhor de'n dnthaich'n an aghaidh;
agus fanaidh iad air fogradh, mar a
tha iad : ach aig an Flireasdal amhain
tha fios ciod a thachaireas 's an Fhraing.
Cha robh an cogadh an aghaidh nam
Frangach gnu chall troin do na Gear-
mailtich ; agus tha gainne bidh 'n am
measg ; ach on a thug iad buaidh air na
Frangaicli, agus tha an tir uHe fo aon
riaghladh, tha iad toilichte misneachail.
'S an Eadailt tha baile-mor na Roimhe
a ris na cheann-bhaile air an tir gu leir,
ni nach robh e roimhe bho cheann corr
as ceithir cheud deug bliana. Tha an
righ, a luchd comhairle, agus na righ-
theachdairean a nis a conuidh an sin.
Tha am Pajia fhathasd 'na sheann
luchairt, air taobh tuath na h-aimhne
Tiber ; agus a reir coltais tha e a runa-
chadh fantuinn an sin. Tha an righ.
a tairgseadh sea ceud mile dolar 's a
bhliana dha.
Tha aithris gum bheil an canal mor
eadar amiiainn na h-Eifeid agus a Mhuir
Piuadh a lionadh suas le gaineamh
na Fasaich a tha ghaoth a seideadh
anil. Ma 's hor so, tlieid an canal bho
fheum an nine ghorrid, mur glanar
ainach a ghaineamh. Bithidh so ro
chostail ; agus cliaii urrainn na Fran-
gaich aig am bheil e an laimh an cosd
a phaidheadh. Dh' iar iad air feai*-
rioghlaidh na tire (ris an abrar an
Khedive) gu conadh leotha; ach dhiult
esan ; agus is coltach gur eiginn do na
Frangaich an canal a reiceadh eio no
Sasunnaich, aig am bheil pailteas aiigid.
Tha an canal gu mor n' as feumaile do
na Breiteannaich na do na Frangaich,
AN GAIDHEAL.
23
de bhrigh nan duthchan mora an Asia
air am bheil tighearnas aig Breiteann.
BEATHA-EACHDRATDH
CHOLUIM CHILLE.
Caib II.
Dheonincli a dha-dheug do na foghlu-
maich aig Colum Cille falbh maille ris
a Eirinn. Is iad an ainmean Baithen
(a Chleracli), Diarmid (a mliinistear)
Mochonna,Cobthacb,Ernaan,Rus,Fech-
no, Scandal, Eochoid, Tocbaunu Cair-
naau agus Grillaau. Bba Colum Cille
a toirt combairle air Mochonna (mac
Righ Ulster) gu'n a dhutliaich agus a
phai-antan fbagail. Ach dbiult e til-
leadh, afreagairt " Is e thusa m' atbair,
" an Eaglais mo mbatbair, agus an aite
*' anns an cruinnicb mi an toradb as mo
" do Cbriosd, mo dbutbaicb." Bba mar
so infcinn tbeacbdairean-soisgeulacb aig
Colum Cille agus a cbompanaicb a fa-
gail Eirinn. Slieol iad ann an curracb,
a bba na bàta laidir, agus rainig iad
tir aig Port-a-Cburraicb ann an Eilean
I, (ris an abrar mar an ceudna Innis-
nan-Drui'neachaig 's an am sin). Db'
iricb Colum Cille an cnoc a b'airde bba
's an eilean, 's cbunnaic e gu robb e a
sealladb Eirinn ; oir bba do gradb aig
da dbutbaicb, 's nach bitbeadb e toil-
icbte a bbi ga faicbinn gu'n bbi innte.
Runaicb e a cbombnaidb a dbeanamb
san eilean bheag sin oir cbunnaic e gu'
robb e so-ruigsinn do na b-eilleananmun
cuairt, agus gi\n robb e na eilean a bba
maitb airson barr agusionaltradh, agus
mar sin ro fbreagarracb airson aite-
taimb fhogblumaich agustbeacbdairean.
Bba so anns a bbliadbna A. D. 563.
Cbaidb cai-n a tbogail air mullacb a
chnuic a db'iricb Colum Cille, ris an
abrar fbatbast Carn-cul-ri-EÌ7-inn.
Tbug Conal, Rigb na Scuite (Scots),
Eilean I, doCboluiin Cbille mar sbeilbb,
agus dbaingnicb Bruidbe no Bride,
Rigb na Piocuicb (Picts) a cboir, agus
anns a bbliadbna 5G5, tbog Colum Cille
Catbair Cbuldicb anns an Eilean. Bba
a Chatbair a co-sbeasamb ann an eaglais,
tigb do na coigricb, agus tigbean do na
ministearan agus na foghlumaich. Bba
na tigbean air an togail le fiodb agus
slatan caoil.
Tba an t-Urramacb Bede a sgriobh
Eacbdraidb na-b-Eaglais ann an Sas-
uinn, mu cbiad bliadbna 'n deigh bag
Choluim Cbille, a toirt an cunntas a
leanas air a theacbdaireacbd : — "Ann
"am bliadbna Cbriosd, cuig-ciad tri fich-
" ead agus a cuig, 'nuair a bba lompair-
" eacbd na RoÌTubefo riagbladb Justin
" a b'oige, tbainig Colum Cille a bba na
" Pbreasbitair agns na Abba, agus a
" bba ro chliuiteach airson a sbaotbair
" agus agbiulan agus sin gu fuigbail, a
" Eirinn do Bbreatuinn. Be a run ann
" a bbi teacbd, — focal Dbe a sbearrnon-
" acbadb ann an dutbcbannan na Pio-
" cuicb Tbuatbacb (Northern Picts) oir
" bba 'n sluagn a bba mu Dbeas dbiubt
" sin air an iompacbadh a chum a cbre-
" idimb le Ninian ùine fbada roimbe
" an am sin. Tbainig Colum Cille do
" Bbreatuinn 'nuair a bba Bride, prionn-
" sa ro cbumbacbdacb a rioghachadh
" osceann na Piocuicb, agus rinn cumb-
" acbd teagasg an duine naoimb agus
" buaidb eseamplair, an cinneacb sin
" iompacbadb a chum a cbreidimb."
Bba Colum Cille a tbaobb a pbearsa,
a cbumbacbd inntinn, agus ionnsachadh
ro flireagarracb airson an obair mhor
agus iongantacb a tbugadb dha ri
dbeanamb —
"Is fior, nach faigh am focal buaidh
A dh' aiudeoin achd an te'id a luuidh
A dh' easbhuidh cumhachd Dlie nau shiagh,
A bbi, 's an nair' 'g a chuideachadh.
Ach far 'n do chuir e roimhe fein,
A bhi le 'shoisgeul deanamh leum,
'N sin bheir e deasachadh is gleus,
Do 'n, Inneal reir na h-oibre sin."
Bba e ard, tlacbdmbor na pbearsa, a
fibuil ro bbeothail, agus a ghutb cumh-
acbdacb gidbeadb binn. 'Nuair bbith-
eadb e seinn nan Salm cbluinnte
mile air astar e. Bba c air mbodh
cborporra treun agus fogbainteacb, air
alt 's gu'm burrain e moran saotbair
24
AN GAIDHEAL.
agus allaban a glnulan. Ge d' blia e
duiueal neo-sgàthach agus smaclulail,
bha e Ian do shuiiiplidheacbd, dilseachd
agus caomhalacLd. Nuair a blia
na tiodhlacaidh nadurra so, air am
niaiseacliadh le gràs agus e air uidh-
eamachadli le '' uUuchadh soisgeil na
BÌthe," bha buaidh sliònruichte aig
" claidlieamli an spioraid" na laiinb.
(Gik bhi air a leantuinn.) A. 0.
EIGH 0 CIIREin-EILEACHAIDH:*
(O'N BIIEUELA).
Thir nam Beauu, nan Gleann, 's nan Coire,
Nan srutli cas, 's nan tuiltean mòr',
Leinn cha d' shaoil gu'm faiot' an caramlis'
Air do fhridliean àrd' r'ar beò.
Feucli a nis tlia feachd a's treine
Na feachd Chromucill nan genr-lann —
"S colgarra na feachd Dhiiic Uillcini
'Teachd mar thuil air Tir nam beann !
"rtasdadh Thatha, 'casgadh Theamhuill,
'Snaidheadh sio- le buillean dian
Glacan beithe Coille-Uhragaidh,
'Magadh air an cliù o cLian !
Ainmcan caomh' ! Ach dh' fhalbh an druidh-
eachd !
Cluinn 'g an èigheach gill' an Ròid,
Blàr-an-Adholl! Uail-an-Spideil !
Eeuch Dail-Ghuinnidh ! Agaidh-mhòr !
Gairidh druidt' le tòrr 'us daingnich,
Sti'ud sinn suas 'n ar deann r'a taobh,
'Fuadachadh a chaoidh o 'lochan
Codal tosdach nan linn aoad'.
Bàideanach nan gaillinn fiadhaich,
Anus an lionmhor liath-chlach nihòr,
'S carragh-cuiinhne bhlàran fuilteach —
Uaigneach cha bhi 'cnuic ni's md.
Ghluai3 sinn tosdaehd chian nan àrd.bheann,
'Steudadh slos an gleunn le gaoir.
Air Srath-Spe 'us Ratainhurchuis —
Frldhean àrd' nan giuthas aosd'.
'Mhuc 's an Torct theich as 'n an deann-ruith !
Beinn ri beinu gvi teann a' stri !
8g«>rr, 'us creag, 'us sliabh a' ruidhleadh—
'S gann a "sheas Greag-Eileachaèdh I'J
• En^Ueh hy Principal Sfiaiup, St. Aiidrewi.
t Sow of AtUoU and lioar of Baiienooh, tvro con-
♦igxious mountains, the one on tlie Athull side, and
the othar on the liadenoch side of the hill of Drutm-
machdair.
t "Stand tut Craigellacho," 1« the war-cry of the
Clau Qraat.
'S a' Ghlcann-niliòr, 'n Gleann-Feiscidh uaig-
neach,
Suas air fad an cluainleaii glas',
Cluinnear sgal an fheadain bhuaireaut',
'S àirde fuaiin mi 'n easan cas'.
Carbaid iaruinn ged is neònach,
'S neòiiaiche an luchd do shluagh —
Sràidean Lunnuinn air an taomadh
Mach air raointean an Taoibh-Txiath !
Sas'naich, Frangaich, spailp, 's luchd-turuis,
Ann an uidhcam do gach H !
Brigis fliarsuinn, pCcan leathrach,
Brògan I'ainn'reach, 's osain shiod' !
'S anns 's gach uinneig carbaid, maighdeau
'G ràdh, 's i 'sealltuinn suas gu dian :
" 'S ainmean m-dnach Garn-an-t-sabhail,
Beinn-mac-duibhe,|| 's am Braigh'-ria'ch !"
'S beag an sgoinns' do'n bholtrach chùbhraidh
'Dh' èireas iir o lus 's o chrann,
'S uillt a' ruith feadh ghleann gu fuaimneach,
'S tosdaehd shòluiut' bhuau nam beann !
'S coma leò-san Loch-an-eilein,
Loch-nan-dorb, 's a dhaingneach liath,
'N Cuimeanach 'us 'euchdan gabbaidh,
'S Faol-chu Bhiiideanaich o chian.
0 Ghùirn-ghuirni ! 'us thus', Bhràigh'-riabh-
aich !
Tilgibh sios mu 'r creagan neòil.
Chum nach dt-an na daormuinn 'thruagha
Tarcuis air 'ur cvuachan mòr'.
'Dian-ruith seach ! Cluinneadh Cuil-fhodair,
'N ait' gairm-chogaidh Threubh, an
fhuaims' ;
Criolhnaicheadh gach coill' mu'n Mhan'-
chuinn —
Dhruim, mu'n iadh gach àille, gluais-s' f
'Sior-dhol tuath, a chaoidh cha srianar
Na h-eich iaruinn 'n an steud dheirg,
Gus am bddhrar le an srannail
Creagan geala Rudh' na-Feirg'.
'N fheudar buileach do na Gaidheil
Triad o 'n ar jis 'measg nan gleann ?
'Chuid 's a chuid an saltair Sasnaicli
Tur fo'n casan llr nam beann f
Fineachan a chean* air dlbreadh,
Ceòl na piob' 'dol as gu luath ;
'M bàsaich tur ts. Tir nan àrd-bheanu
Gàidhlig àdhmhor aosd' nam buadh f
" 'S coma,', 'deir thu, "ged a rachadh
Na aeann chleachdaidhean air chùl,
II Beinn-Mhic-Duibbo (Ben-Maoduff) ; or, Belu-
muic-duibbe (the mountain of the blaok sow).
AN GAIDHEAL.
25
Bheir an Triath gu buil tre 'n sgrios-san
Criochan ris maeli 'eil do dhùil !"
Feudaidh sin 'bhi ; acli 'n toir Innleachd,
Le a h-ealdhain mhin 's a snas,
Treuij-laoich cholgaiTa nan ard-bhennn.
No 'n seann cliàirdeas ris air ais !
Ni h-eadli ; acb ge mor am buannachd
Far an tig an cruaidh-gliaoir ghrannd',
Dli' flialbh gu tiir a' bliuaidli 's an druidh-
eaclid,
'S chabhi 'Gliàidli'ltaclid chaoidh marbha !
Acli tha fathast glacan bruachach
'Dhiiisgeas annam smuaintean àrd',
'S giinn gun Jiireamh nacb do thruailleadli,
'S iomadh dithreabh uamhalt, fhàs ;
loinadli allt an coirean uaigneach,
0 slieann fhuarain 'g eiridh suas,
'Taoniadli 'n linnean dorcli' an uisge,
"S caorann ruiteacb air gach bruaich ;
Iomadh loch, le creagan cnairticbt',
'Tiihili gun bhruaihean 'mcasg nam beann,
Air nach d' thàinig slighe duine,
No fear-turuis fathast teann ;
Iomadh sgòrr, mar iolair mhara,
Suas fa chomhair laidhe grein',
Geal-cheannach le stùchdan cruachach,
'Beachdach' 'chuain 's nan Eilean cèin.
Fùilnicheadh iad sin, 'us tlieid mi
Gu creig eigiii 'measg nan stuadh,
'Mhealtuinn saorsa, gus an ci-ochar
Drochaidean os-ceaun a' chuain !
Ead. lf- a. C.
DUN BHRUSGRiGH AGUS IAIN
Blia so air a chur r'a cheile 'nuair a
blia 'n t-iighdar na oganach beag, air
da Ghaidealachd fhagail agus dol a
dh'fhuireach do bliaile mor Dhùneidin.
Dà bhliadhna roiuibe so chaill uach-
daran Ila an oighreachd. Bha 'n
■(>uasal so ro cbaoimbneil ris an tuath
agus bha dulichinn nibor orra 'nuair a
bbrist e. Bba oighreachd air a cur fo
• cheileadair ris an abradh iad Brown,
agus maille ris bha seambarlair ris an
abradh iad Webster. Bha maoir aca
so deas aig an laimh ris an abradh iad
" am Boc," mar fhar ainm, agus thei-
readh iad " a Chaora " ris an fhear eile.
Bha 'n tuath air an cur thuige gu mor,
le riaghladh nan daoine so, dh' fhag
cuid Qihòr dhiu an tir, 's chaidh na
fearuinn aca chur fo chaorich 's crodh.
S' ann le cridheachan goirt a dh' fhag
cuid dhiu an dachaidhean, 's a chuir-
eadh air falbh-cuid eile dhiu as na
h-aiteachean ud far an d' ruga.dh 's
an do thogadh iad, far an do chaith
an athraichean 'us an sean-athraichean
an laithean gu toilichte. 'S iomad aite
dhuiling mar so anns a Ghaidheltachd,
agus b'ann diu gleann Chatadal far an
robh air an am so da bhaile dheug
fearuinn 's moran tuath agus gillean
treun a bha ghnath ullamh gu coir na
dùthcha agus na Ban-Righ asheasamh.
Bha iad mar gu 'm b'ann air an
iomain air falbh agus treudan mor
chaorach agus chr^^idh air an iomain
n'an aite, agus cha bu bheag sgeig na
muiuntir ud 'nuair a bha so air a
dheanamh leo, gun smaointean idir aca
gu faod an latha tighinn 'nuair a
bhitheas gairm air a dheanamh a
measg nan gleann air son dion na
rioghachd, ach cha'n fhaigh iad do
fhreagairt ach meilich nan caorach
agus geimnich a chruidh, a bhithis ag
ionaltradh a measag nan lathrichean
fasa, far 'm bheil dreasdan 's feandagan
a comharachadh a mach far am b'abh-
aist an teintean a bhi.
ARS IAIN.
"A DhuÌQ Bhrusgrigh nan cas chreag,
Ged bha mi tacan air falbh uat ;
Thainig smaointean lb m' aigne
Gu tighinn a shealltuinn do ghorm-bhrat,
'S gun gabhainn sealladh o 'd chuirnan,
Air gleannan cubraidh nan tolman,
Far an d'f huair thu do k'aba,
'S Leac-an-darraich na colbh dhi,
'S cha'n 'eil i lag.
" 'S iomadh linn chuir thu tharad.
Is garbh 'char chuir an gniomh ort,
Cha'n e sin tha fui m' achuing
Ach pairt de dh'eachdniidh na linn so.
Innis dhomh mu m' Inchd duthcha
Ciod an curs' an do thriall iad,
Cha'n 'eil a h-aon dhiu ri f haicinn
Ris a' leiginn mo bhriathran
Ged bhithinn lag.
26
AN GAIDHEAL.
" Tlia iiii faicinn nam bailtoan
'S an trie robh aighear 's toilinntiim,
Na'n lathi-aiiiliL'au farsiiinu
Gun fasgadh na dion amid.
'N aite gleadhraicli nan cairdean
Nan seisreach 's nan eliathan,
Anns an canach cha'n f liaic mi
Acli cihciir 's niadadh r"a chliathaich
'N sa h-iiile snith.
" Tha na h-innisean maiseacli
'S an trie a thaghail mi 'm oige,
Na lagain tha fasgach
Le fuarainn 's biolair nm 'm poran.
Gaeli gleann, gauh ciioc, 's glacag
Gacli srath agus mointeach,
Tha iad uile mar b'abhaist,
Acli c'ait' 'eil na cairdean 's na h-eolaich
A chai' chur as."
ARS AN DUX.
" Ma 's e Gall a tha Jabhairt
Gabh mo chomhairle trathail,
Cuir car anna cl' chasuig
'S thoir ort sios chois na traghadh.
Ged tha sibh laidir 'san tir so
'S air 'ur lionadh le ardan,
Cha dean sibh amadan dhiomsa
Le cur a sios air na Gaidheail
Nach d'riiin dhuibhcron."
IAIN.
"A Dlniiu' aosda nnn glas-chreag
'Se a til 'an nam lior Ghaidheal,
A dh'f hag an tir so car tamuil
'Stha measg nan Gallaihh a chomnnaidh.
Thug mi 'n sgriob so dh'amhan;
Gun faiiaid no morchuis,
Dh'f hcnch am faighinn nat sgeula
Mu gaeh eucoir 's dolum
Air Ila ))honlid."
AN DUN.
"S iomadh aon thig am amhan;'
A bliios ri fanaid 's ri morchuis,
Ach 's iad na Goill tlia mi 'gradhtinu
Oir tha iad laidir 'san doigh so.
Le 'n ada' spairtc mu'n cluasan,
'S dreach an f huaehd air an srointean,
Cha'n f haic 's cha'n fhin leo a Ghaeltachd
Ged chuir i loinn air na sgrobain'
, ;< ' Fhuair innte bias.
"Ach tha mi tuigsinn od' chanain
Gur aim .sa ghleatin fhuair thu d' fhol'um,
Ged tha thu giulan na h-ada'
Si bhonaid chochle bu choir dhuit.
Bha do chairdcan gu socair
Anii.s a ghleannan 'n an comhnuidh,
Ach tri(l nan triochdnn aig "Webster
A port-a.'i-Marg gun d' .sheol iad
A null do'n lloss.
"Tha moral! thua'nach 'san am so
Anns a ghleann ciir an ordubh'
Dhol thar na h-Atlantic
Chum gun seachain iad foirneart ;
Chionn tha Brown agus "Webster
Mar mhadaidh-alluidli gun trocair,
A cur thuige nan truaghani
'8a toirt uatha gucli iiorliiin
A gheibh iad ac'.
" 'Sann leam is duilich r'a aithris
Gu bhril na nathsinnich dhileas
Air an cur as na fearain
Le aiiineart 's dimeas.
Na Goill a faotuinn an uachdar,
Ga'n ruagadh 's ga'n diobairt,
Anns gach baile cha chluiun mi
Ach falbh thar tuinn gus an tir sin
A tha ro mhath.
" Tha cuid dhiu fagail na duthcha,
'S cuid dhiu sgnuladh na inaltan,
Cuid gun f hios ciod a ni iad,
A trusadh bidh do na paisdenn.
Gach maor a faotuinn Ian chosnadh,
Gach Boc *s gach Caora,
Mar choin air eil 's iad ri sodan
A chum bhi 'm broilleach gaeh Gaidheal
O'n tha iadbochd.
"O'n dh'fhailnich ceanard an Eilain
Tha 11a sgeith as a cuid Ghael,
'S cha'n 'eil aogasg an gradaig
Gun d'theid stad air an ni so.
Ach gabh mo lei.sgeul car tamuil
Oir tha mi'n cabhaig an trath-so,
'Nuair thig thu rithist an rathad,
Bidh agaiu uaigheachd is fearr dhuit,
'S mo bheannachd leat."
(Ra Ihccmtuinii.)
ORAN, AIR FOGRADH NAN GAIDHEAL.
AIR FONN— " Tlia mi.se fo mhulad 's an a7n."
'S floi airidl) air beannaehd nam Bard,
Deagh Chomnnn* nan armunn fial,
A bheothaich p:aoh eleachdaiih 'us giiàtbs
A bha ais na Gùidbeal namh
O'n 's toileacb leo f haicinn 'an diXn,
Mar S5;apndb '.^gacb veArn an siol,
Niormbpal mi idir mo shiilint,
Mur cuir mi gun dilil e 'sios.
Na Gilidlieal blia ainmoil 'ssach linn,
Gu seasamh an righ 's a cboir,
'Strie dliearbb iad le 'n armailib 's an stri,
Nacb faigbte fo cbls an seors',
'NiVm ("'iiidb 'n an cideadb e;u grinn,
Le toniian nam piol) fo sbrol,
'Siad thilleadh mar bhuinne 'na still,
Na thigeadh le spid 'n an coir.
Na beatbraicbean sgniteacb 'an streup,
A choisneadb le 'n euebdan buaidh,
An caismeachd mar tborrunn o'n speur,
'Nàm tarruingnan geurlann cruaidh,
•The Edinburgh HjghJaud Society.
AN GAIDHEAL.
27
Oum b'aigeantach, sgairteil an ceum,
A leantiiinn 'an dfiigh na ruaig,
'S 'n uair philleadh iad, 'gaithris an Bgeul,
B'e 'm fasan 'bhi 6ibhinn, suairc.
R<5ir naduir 's e thainig m' ancuairt,
Gu-n thaisgeadli 's an uaigh na suinn,
'S cha-n f halcear, an sliochd far 'm bu dual,
Achainneamh 'raeasg sluaigh theid cruinn,
'S ann lionadh a' fearann a suas,
Le coigrich gun triias, gun suim,
'S guraiinsa leomSilich nan uan,
Na caithreani o thuath an f huinn.
Ghluais acald roghulneach a' m' chri,
'S gu-n d'f halbh uam mo chli, 's moshunnd
Bi deachdadh na 's f hiosrach rai f bin,
Mu tharruing na sgriobbha ciùirt',
Sliochd ghaisf; each le achdalbh 'g am binn',
'Curaitreabh m' an ciun 'n an smùr,
'Sgan cartaiiha mach as an tir,
Gun chairid, gun nl, gun iùl.
Bu tnirseach a muigh air a' raon,
A chunnaic m.i 'n aols 's an oig,
'Us gèiread an aeain 's an gaoir,
Cha-n f haigh mi o m' Kmaoin ri m' bheo,
Gun dachaidh, gun f hasgadh o ghaoith,
Ach tional 'an tnobh nam frog,
Gu'm b'èiginn bhi gabtiail mu Kganll,
'S a' fagail nan caol fo slieol.
A's furasd' a thuigsinn, 's gur cinnt,
Na th' agam rilnns' 'nam sgeul,
■Gur lionmhor trioblaid 'us teinn,
A ehoinuich riu 'n tiribh c6in ;
Ged b'f heudar dhoibhdealach'ri 'n glinn,
Tha pAirtdheth an cri 'na 'n dSigh,
8 ged chàrnadh iad airgiod 'n a mhill,
Cha leighis e mir dheth 'n creuchd.
O'n thrèig iad gach fireach 'us gleann,
Cha-n fhaicear ach Gall 's gach cuil,
'Am fochair a chaoraichgu tranng,
'Se'cleachdadh achainiit r'achù,
Le 'bhreacan air f hilleadh m' acheann,
'Us caogad car cam 'n a run,
'S gur fnearr leis an t-anam achall,
Na ribeag bhi gann a rùsg.
O'n dh'imich na gaisgich thar chuan,
Cha-n C'lsdear leinn duan noceol,
Cha chluinnear caomh chailin gusuairc,
Ri luinneag aig buar mu chro,
Cha-n fhaicear naflfiasgaich budual,
A siubhal gu ruag flr chroc,
Am beagan dhiubh sud nach do ghluais,
'S e th'orra 'n diugh tuar a bhroin.
Gu-n d'f hSgadh Mac-talla fophràmh.
'S gach ionad 'n robh àbhaistriamh,
'S ann tha e air leabaidh ri has,
A cumha nan sàr f hear flal,
A chumiidh e 'n cleachdadh gach lA,
'S do 'n tug e a ghràdh 's a mhiadh,
Cha-;i f hill leis an dre.im tlia 'n an ait,
'S nach toir e A 'u cànran ciall.
Ged shiubhlainn o Ghearr-loch an f heoir,
Gu 'n ruiginn an t-Oban ciar,
Cha-n fhaicinn Ceann-taighe air fhod,
Adh-fhuhicha phor nan Triath,
'An àite nan leomhann 'bha coir,
'S eth' ann an diugh seorsa flat,
Air sen drochairt 'us airgiod 'n a spoig,
A thilgeas à coir a' siad.
JB'e fasan 'us aiteas nan Triath,
'Bha barraicht' 'am miadh 's am mùim,
'Bhi fuileachdach, calgach, 'nan triall,
A' leantuinn nam fiadh 's an stùc,
'Bhi sachd'adh an gilleanle iasg,
'S toirt bhradan air fiar gu dlùth,
'Bhi oranach, cornach, gle f hial.
'Nam tionailnan clear gu 'n Duln,
'S na 'm b'f heudar dhoibh tachatrt 's an àr,
Cha ghabhadh iad sgatli no gruaim,
Bha flr ac a sheasadh an càs,
'S arachadh 'n am pàirt le h-uaill,
Na railidhean colgarra, dàn',
'A ruigeadh le 'n stràchdan smuais,
S a ghleidheadhan reachdan o thàir,
Le iomairt nan stàilinn fuar.
Ach 's mithich'bhi crioehn'adh mo dhain,
Le focal no dhà 'chur sios ; —
Moshoraidh le dùrachd mo ghrAidh,
A dh-ionnsaidh gach Gaidheal fior,
'S e m' aiteas gum bi iad fas,
'An urram, 's 'an sta gach ial,
'S gu-n tionail iad fathas* gu 'n ait,
'S gu sgapar a' chàth roimh 'n t-siol.
LOCH-AILLSB.
CAITHREAM DO RIGH TEARLACH II.
(0' Bheurla an RiDiiiE Scott).
FoNN.— •' Dean cadal gu sàmJiaeh,
A chuilcan 's a ruin. "
Nail a' chuacli — corn nam buadh,
Lian a suas i dèur-làn ;
SlMnt' an Elgh a's ro-ionmhuinn,
'S a luchd-leanmhuinu 's gach Jiit' ;
Air ur bonnaibli, a gliaisgeach' —
Air ur n-ais sibh, a ghràiag !
Ged robh 'm bàs anns an smèarsadh —
Slàinte Thèarlaich-a-Dhà !
Tha e 'n cunnart 's air fògradh,
'S e gun chomhnadh, 's fo thuinn ;
Ged is coigrich a 's ùidh dha.
Fad bho 'dhùthchas gun suim ;
Dh' aindeoin teanntachd us chisean —
Ged 's fos n-iseal ri 'riidh —
Siod air onair 's air dlUseachd
Sliint an Rlgh, fear mo gràidh !
Biodh gach urram iar 'iocadh
Mar a dhiolas an t-àm ;
Air an l;\r biodh an gUin,
Air lainn, le dùrachd, an làmh ;
'S thig mu'n cuairt an la siigach,
An còisir Dhiùc, larla 's Shàr,
An seinn an trompaid le stèarsadh :
Slàinte Thèarlaich-a-Dhi\.
" Tha 'bhriogais so tuille 's goirid air
mo slionsa, " ars' fear a f huair briogais o
thàilleir Eirionnach. "Ciod an sgil a
th'agadsa air briogais, amandain ?" arsa'n
t-Eironnach . ' ' Cha'n eil a bhriogais tuile
's goirid ann a chuir tliusa do spogan
grànnda chas tuile 's fada troimhpe."
28
AN GATDHEAL.
CANADA.
Tha 'm barr aj^us cuisean eile
air tionndadh a mach to f habhar-
ach a tbaobh Chanadabho cheann
fhadn. agus gu h-araidh air a
bhliadhna so, agus da leir tha
sith. sonas agns pailteas ri fbaic-
inii 's gach aite, 's ri aithneachadh
air irach gimis; agus gu cinnt-
each cha^'ii io^hnadh sin, oir
tha 'ii duthaich air a beaniiachadh
leis au Fhreasdal air iomadh
doigh : cha 'n eil cogadh, plaigh
110 gainne a cur dragh oirre, mar
a tha air iomadh cearna eile de 'n
domhaiiin. TJime sin faodaidh
sinii a radh le firinn, agus aim am
beagan fhacal, gum bheil Can-
ada'^aig a cheart am so, cho sona
a^-us riaraichte le crannchur, agus
c^o saor bho gach euslaint agas
amhghar, ri aon cheariia de 'n
t-saoghal. Le Canada innsidh sinn
a rithisd gu 'm bheil sinn a ciall-
achadh na sia mor-roinnean sin :
Canada Ard agus losal, (no mar
a theirear riutha a nise, Ontario
agus Cuibec) New Brunswick,
Nova Scotia, Manitoba, (Duthaich
na h-Airahne Deirgi agus British
Columbia,-oir tha British Colum-
bia a nis air aonadh ri Canada.
Tha so a cur Chanada a thaobh
farsuingeachd fearuinn, a measg
nan du.thchanan a's motha, 's as
farsuing 's an t-saoghal— moran
na 's motha na Staidean America
f hein, ge ainmeil iad, agus mu 'n
cuairt air an aon mheud ris an
Roinn-Eorpa gu leir; agus cha 'n
'eil a nise a dhith oirre ach an
luchd-aiteachaidh airson a cur a
measg nan duthchanan 's cuma-
chdaich 's a's beartaiche. Tha
de dh'fhearann fas cadar na mor-
roinn so, ni nach teirig ann an
aireamh mor bhliadhnachan, agus
fearann cho math agus cho torach,
's a tha ri I'haighinn an aite 's am
bith, agus cho fallainn n aon chear-
na de 'n t-saoghal.
Cha d' rinn uachdranachd Chan-
ada a bheag bho cheann fhada,
o-u luchd iomruich a chuireadh
a^rns a stiuireadh do'n duthaich so,
ach tha iad a nise air beothachadh
thun na cuis, agus a toirt gach
misneach a ghabhas deanamh,
do dhaoine stuama, dichioUach
o-u dachaidh a dheanamh dhoibh
'?hein 's an duthaich fharsuing,
sheasgair so. Tha moran de dh
ihearann aig New Brunswick,
Canada Ard agus losal, agus
duthaich na h-Aimhne Deirg, air
a chur air leith mar fhearann
saor, air son luchd iomraich agus
gach misneach' a^us comhnadh
a ghabhas deanamh, aca ga thoirt
dhaibh gu tighinn ga aiteach. ^
Anns an aireamh mu dheir-
eadh, thug sinn beagan seachad
mu 'n chuis so, bho Chuatrteir
nan Glennn, a bha air a chur mach
bho cheann deich bliana thar
fhichead, le fior charaid nan
Gaidheal, an Dr. Macleoid, nach
maireann. Co-dhuinidh smn so le
bhi tarruing bho 'n aon cheudna,
mu Chanada agus an t-sluagh s
freagarraiche air son tighinn ann,
agus tha sinn a cur ar Ian aoiita
ri^ gach facal deth. Gheibhear
na leanas ann an Cuairteir nan
Gleann, 1841 :
Cha 'n eil Canada fbathasd acli 'na
h-6ige, ach tha i' g eiridh gu hiath aim
an luach agus ami an cumhachd, agus.
iru dearbh cha 'n iongantach so, oir tha
ioniad ni a' co' aontachadh chum soirbh-
eachadh leis an duthaich mhòir so iha
i air iouia doigh air a beannachadh le-
freasdal D^> ; agus uair no uaireiginn.
bidh Canada 'na duthaich co mor s cho
cumhachdach ri Breatunn feni.* iha n
tir 80 anabharach tarbhach, agus nam
biodh a' choiU air a' gearradh agus an tir •
air a h-aiteachadh, 's duilich a radh cia
lionmhor an sluagh a dh' fhaodadh tamh
ann le cothrom, agus ann am pailteas.
Cha 'n eil .slfeibhtean arda 16m neo-thoracli
fo chreagan agus fo fhraoch ann mar tti
ann au Gàidhealtachd Albainn, nobog-
• Bha 0 an BO a ciallachadh Canada Ard iu.il.ain.
AN GAIDHEAL.
3»
laichean agus mòintichean farsuing nach
urr.iinnear a chur gii feum mar th' ann
an Eiriim ; ach faodar an dùthaich nile
chur fo bharr agiig fo fheur cosmhail ri
machraiche na Galldachd, no Shasunn.
Am bitheantas tha'n duthaich còmhnard
iosal, agus far a' blieil beanntan, nia
dh'fhaodar beanntan a radh rhitha, tha
iad fo choille gn 'm mullaicheau.
'Se ni a's iongataich' ann an Canada na
lochan uisge tha ann ; a thaobh am meud
agus an doimhneachd, tha iad a' toirt
barr air lochan-uiege 'n t-saoghail ; tha
gach loch dhiubh mar chuan mòr. Is
mòr 'nar beachd-ne Loch-Odha, Loch-
Laoimunn, Loch-Nia, Loch-tatha 's Loch-
Fireann, ach cha 'n fhearr iad na biban
beaga 'n coimcas ris na h^chan famsing
tha Ban diithaich m'a bheil sinn a' labh-
aii-t ; cuid diubli mar tha LaktSuperior,
tri cheud agiis tri tichead mil' air fad,
agus seaclid iichead mil' air lend 1 Tha
astar chòig-cend-deug mile' ceithir thim-
chioll an loch-uisge so, agns tha daoine
'deanamh a mach gu bheil e dhith air
mile troidh air doimhneachd. Tlia tri
no ceithir dhiubh so dliith d'a clièile ;
agns a' tearbadh Chanada uachdrach o
rìoghachd America the air an taobh eile.
O loch gu loch dhiubh so tha aibhuichean
a' ruith, a' meu dacha' gu mòr mar tha
iad a' dol air an aghaidh, gus a bheil
an abhain mh^r d' an ainm an St. Law-
rence a tòiaeachadh. Tha 'u abhainn so
dliith do cheud rail' air lend far a' bheil i
ruigheachd a' chuain. Tha da mhile do
mhlltean u'n ait' o'm bheil an abhainn
mhòr so ag diridh, 'ioimsuidh an àite
'bheil i 'coinneachadh na fairge. Tha
eileanan àillidh luachmhor air na lochau-
uisge so, cuid diubh tri Iichead mile air
fad. Tha aon ait' air an abhainn mhòir
so tha air ainmeachadh "loch nam mile
eilein"; chunndadh iad, agus tha soachd-
ceud-deug eilean ann an aon ruith air an
abhain so. Tha iad do gach cumadh agus
meudachd, fo choille dhreachmhoir, agus
uile gu loir anabharach aillidh ri amharc
orra 's ri sedladh 'nam nieasg. Anns na
h-aiteacha sin far a' bheil loch a' tuiteam
a stigh do loch eile mar tha iad a' tear-
nadh le leathad chum a' chuain, tha
sruthan brasa, agus leumannan iiisge
nach 'eil an coimeas ri fhaicinn anns an
t-saoghal gu loir.
Tha abhainn mhor eile ris an abair iad
an Ottoxea ; an dèigh dhi ruith ceithir
cheud agus leth-cheud mile troinih thir
cho tarbhach 's a tha r'a faotainn, agus
troimh choille cho dosrach reachdmhor
's a tha 'cinntinn air' thalamh, a' tuiteam
a stigh do'n abhain St. Lawrence. x\nn3
an àite far a' bheil iad a' c^mhlachadh a
cheile, tha eileanan luachmhor, agus 'sann
air a h-aon diubh sin a tha 'm baile mòr
Montreal air a thogail.
Tha e soilleir o so gu bheil air na
lochan-uisge so agus air na h-aibhnichean
so slighe fad iichead ceud mile, a' ruith
suas o iochdar gu braighe na duthcha,
air am faodar malairt agus m;irsantachd
an t-saoghail a ghiulan. Anns na h-àite-
achan sin far a' bheil aon hjch a' tuiteam
a stigh, agus lo so leum-uisg ami nach
leig lo soitheach dlreadh no learnadh, tha
claisean-nisge, raiials, air un deanamh,
air a' blieil na soithicheaii air an giulan
air an aghaidh gun mhoille no grabadh
air bith a' tachairt. Tha fearann na
duthcha so tarbhacii, 's tha 'n duthaich
fèin fallain, ged tha 'n t-sid fuar. Ach
ged tha 'n t-si'd fuar, tha i tioram, agus
math-dh' fhaoidte nach 'eil ceatharnaich
a' seasamh air bonn bròige cho calma,
churanda, làidir ri Gàidheil (■hanuda.
Cha 'n eil por a chinneas an Sasunn
nach fas san duthaich so ; tha cuid do
thalamh ann 's an cinn an tombac' agus
cainb. Airson coille tha i 'n so do gach
secjrsa ; 'se saothair an t-sluaigh bhi 'ga
gearradh chum a sgrios, agus g'a losgadh.
Tha 'chraobh-ubhall a' fas ann an Canada
gu reachdmhor ; tha iad a' beathachadh
mhuc leis na h-ubhlan, agfis a' deanamh
na thogras iad do dh-fhi'on (Cyder) ilhoibh
fèin diubh, deoch tha taintiieach lionnar
ri teas an t-samhraidh. Tha 'n geam-
bradh, mar chi sinu 'na dheigli so, ana-
barrach tìadhaich agus fuar ; ach aon
uair 'n tig an reothadh gu math a stigh
tha 'n t-sfd tioram failaiu. Tha ^n
aueachd an sin cho cruaidh 's gu 'n ruith
eich le slaoid agus cuirn air 'uachdar 'nan
Ian luathas gun uiread a's lorg an coiae
fhagail.* So an t'am anàbhaist doiba am
barr a chur gu muileann 's gu cladach, am,
chum na h-uile goireas fhaotainn o aite-
achan fad' as ; tairngidh aon each le cam
no sload, barrachd air an ilm so na
dheanadh ceithir dhiubh air an rathad
mhor san t-samhradh. 'Se so an t-àin a's
cridhela 's a's aighearaich' air feadh na
bliadhna ; cairdean a' falbh 's a' tighinn,
* Bha e le 90 a ciillachadh ua roidean, far aia bi an
sncachda air a stainpadh cruaidh le coismheachd
dheoine agus bheithicheau.
30
AN GAIDHEAL.
BÙgradh agus suilbhoarrachd, taghall agiis
ceilidh eadar bhailtean, pailtcas r'a fhao-
tainu's r'a slieachnadh, agiistha'u aoidh-
eachd agus an fliialaidlieachd a's cair-
deala dol air aghaidh. Mur 'eil aite-codail
sna tighean-comhnuidh a dh' fhòghnas
doibh uile, tha ann na dh' fhoghnas do
na iiinathan, agus tha " leaba mhòr ua
h-iiiridh" ami an sabhal fiodha airson nan
daoine ; tha ceòl agus dannsa, orain agns
fieadha'jhas cairdeil a' dt>l air aghaidh ;
agus mar so, le leughadh agiis seanachas,
tha'n oidhche gheanihraidh a' dol seachad.
<Gk hhiair a kitntuiunj
NIAGARA.
A Thi mlioir a cliiutlijiich na Duilean,
'Sa bhocriiiclian Cruinne,
Le d' ghairUean curahachdach neartmhor,
Air a hhuuait;
'S gloirmlior an obair a rinn thu,
Niagra ainmeil.
An l-Eas luor a rinn thu chumadh,
'S an t-soan ainisir.
'Sud an t-iias ioghantach loghmhor,
Eas mor na garraich,
Eas ciotranach liaghlas na smiiidrich
'S na biiirich ghabhaidh ;
Eas fnaimearra lobhar na beucail
A leum na steallaibh
Tharbhile' nan creagan àosmhar,
Na chaoiribh geala,
Gu sridagach, sradagach, sneachdgheal
'S a dbreacli soilleir;
Atearnadli 'o blnaigh gu iochdar,
Le dian bhoile' ;
Sruth uaine bri.->eadli nia muUach,
'S c ruith na dheannaibh,
Thar bharraiJh nanstocan airda,
Le gaii' nihaircann ;
Leslachdruich ghailbheach a' tuiteam.
An slugan domhainn,
(Ju linneathaibli du-ghonn doillear,
A goil mar ehoire.
An t-aigeal ga thionndadh o'n iochdar,
Le nor i.jnneart,
'San gla.s uisge 'bruclidadh an uaehdar,
Le luatbs saiglid' ;
An linne ga shoistreadh 's ga maistreadh,
Troimlie cheile,
'S I fosgladha brolllich-dulbh,
Ris na speuraibh.
B'iogtantacii an soalladli bhi laicinn.
Deataeli liatli-ghlas,
Ag èirigli anus an athar,
Ri lalha griauacli;
'Nnair Khealladh tu fad air astar,
Air an ioglmadh
'8e theireadh tu giir bata-tolte,
A bli' aim le smuidrioli :
Acli 'nii:iirtliigeadh tu'mfagusda
Ghal.hiil biacbd air,
Throin-ftiliiK'hadli an cathadh caolr-gheal
' Le biMdiiaibh dealt tliu,
'S cliiDicadh 111 ana bogha frois
'Le dli:it liMìhli si,'iamha'ch,
Ged bliloilh side fhioram shesgair,
Anns an iurmailt.
Am rnln-ius_'(' a tuiteam mu'n cuairtdhuit,
Air an ailc;iii,
'San f half be gn h-urail uaine,
Mar a b'aill leat;
Nacraobhan a cinntlnn dosrach,
'S lusan ùr-ghorm,
'A fas le feartalbli na greine,
Gu reith fo 'n driuehd ud.
Na liasan a tha mu d'thimchioll.
(Jha'n iarr uisge,
Chan aithne dhoihh idir tiormachd
Ri aimsir lolsgleh.
Cha tuigear leo ciixl a "s ciall do
Bhi gun fhliche,
Ged thean'icheadh gach aite mun cualrt doibU
Mar chruas cloiche.
Tha 'n t-athar gun ghoinue gun chaomhnadh
A' taomadh feartan
A storas do-thraoghadh na h-almhne
Gu saoibliir beartach ;
Dh'f hag aghaidh an fhuinn ud
A dh'oidli.he 's a latha
Gu h-urail naine-f heurach aluinn,
A' fas gu falain,
Nnair theirneadh tu sios do 'n t-slugan
Gu oir an uisge.
Bliodhradh an tormanaich uamhaidh,
Do chli'.afan buileach.
NuMÌr shoalladh tu 'n sin mun cuairtduit,
Air a' cha^-siìruth
Chuiieadh e do oheann 'na thuaineal,
'8 tu 'nad bhreislich ;
Us iiuair thigeadli tu 'm fagus do 'nf
i^hlaide lia-ghlais,
Tha 'n crochadli ri aghaidh na crelge,
Bhiodh geiltus fiamh oil,
Nuair bheideadh a'i!:haoth gu laidlr
'S on t-uisge frasach'
'Ga chathaJh^u fladhaich a d' aodunn,
Gach taobh g an teich thu.
Mar latha gailbheach 'san f haoilteach
Le gaoth us uisge,
A f liliuchadli am prioba na sul thu,
'S adhruigUeadh tur ort.
Mar osaig o inueal seididh,
I<'iilnieis iaruinn,
's amhluidh ghaotli sgalanta cliruaidh ud,
Thig le dian-neart,
Eadar a charraig agus a steall a tha
Nuas a' tuiteam:
An comdach a tha air do cheann
'S ganii gu fuirich;
Shoileadh tu gun d'eirich doinionn
Anns an iarmailt;
Acli trian cliaii uraiun mi aithris
De aach ioghnadh,
A tha ri f haicinn air an Eas ud.
An t-Eas cliuiteacli;
lUi mhordhalacli e gun teagamh :
Ma tha iongantas air an t-saoghal
'S non diubh ea^an :
Jfilltean tunna gach mionaid
A' tuiteam comhladh
Thar bliile na creige do'n linne,
'Na aon mhor sliruth,
TIs dluth air ochd fichead troidhean
Anns an leum ud,
u bnraigh gu iochdar na creige
'Na seasamh direach;
,S a chreag ud gu h-ard aig a mullach
i\ir chumadh leith-cbrninn,
Cosmhai! ri ciuidh an eicli charbaid
No Icith carcul;
An t-ui,sgi' a sptitiidli 'na steallaibh
A mach gu I'ada;
() hhonn na creige san linne
Fi'head slat uaip;
('hUiinnoadh tu thoiman seaclid mile
ll;iilh air astar:
Mai tliairri'cach amis na speuraibli
Ri lieiieaich neartmhor.
'S nuair hliiodii tu 'nad sheasamh laimh ris
H'anihluidli tharlar,
Us mile f'arli;)i(l aircabsair
N;in doaiin dol s^acliad : , .^
(iu'n crilluaiili :iii t-athar mun cuairtduit
Lois na buillibh,
Tha'n t-ulsgetrom a' shior bhualadh
Air o'n mhullach;
AN GAIDHEAL.
31
Us maoth-chrit.h 4ur an talamh throm
Fobhonn do cliasan;
Mar mhothaichear latha stoirmeil,
Tigh 'ga chrathadh;
Acli ged bhiodti mile teang' am bheui.
Chan innsimn uile
Na h-longantais a th'air an Y.afi ikI,
Mar sin sguiream.
D. B. B.
AN- LON-DUBH.
LE EOGHAN MACCOLLA.
[Rinneadh an ilan a leanas goiiiil an ueigh
bàs maighiiin do 'n d'thug :im bàrl mòr-.speis,
agus air bhi dha aon latha 'coimhead an ionaid
anns an trio a rhum è còmliail rithe — badan
coillt' far a il' fisd e I'i lon-dubh a' hpuui 'nrau
tiamhaidh air guag am fagus do'n àite 'y.iii do
thachair dha blii 'iia shuidhe.]
A Lon-duibh, a Lon-diiibh, 0 giir bn;ig tha
thù 'ni fenm
Air tf'icheadh bhuain feiii 1« do cheòl ;
B'è 'n sealgair gun umhail a cliuireadh 'nad
dheidh
An luaidh' ieis am faodadh do leòii.
A Lon-duibh, a Lon-duibh, '^ Ifat-st 'n diugh
thar g:>,L'li cun
An ribhi'id is fearr thig air m' fhonn ;
Cha n' eil mi gidheadh gun mhòr iogna' ciod ò
Dh-fhag d' òran co d'oLisach, trom.
A Lon-duibh, 'bheil d'j leannan riut coinih-
each no i'.ùr,
'S i gu pn,ÌH,.il ;.; diultiìdh Icat tàmh ?
0, 's cinuteaoh nach eil, — b' iae "ghoguid gun
tùr
Nacli mealladh 's niich maoth'c'headli do
dhau !
A Lon-duibh, 'nè gu'n d' fhnair an druid
buaaidh or*, ri ceol
Dhùisg buaireas 'us bròn unu ad fhrios ?
No 'n d' fhuair thu au nead 's an robli d'
iseincan og
Air an goidbhuait le gàrlach gun iochd ?
A Lon-duibh, a Lon-duibh, tha mi 'cuinih-
neachadii nis !
Bha 'n clainhan an rathad so 'n do :
'S niòr m' eagal gu' n d' reub ò do elieilc '.ia'
phreas,
'Gad fhàgail-sa dubhaeh 'na di^igh.
A Lon-duibh, ma's fior sud, tha mi dulich
do d' thaobh,
Le co-fhairearain chaomh, m?.r is dual
Do neach tha 'nad chor 'faicinn ceart a chor
fein :
Eisd, 'us iunsidh aobliar mo ghruaim.
A Lon-duibh, 's dearbh gur cuimhne leat ribh-
inn mo gliaoil,
An cailin a b' aobhaicho snnadli,
'S is trie a dheisd còmhla riiim d' 6ran 's a,
chraoibh,
Ann an coill B)iaile-n-taoir an sud shuas.
A Lon-duibh, mar dhriùc Maiglie fo bhlàth-
shùil na. grèin
Bho 'n talamh rinn m' eudail grad-thriall ;
Bha h-iomhaigh cho nèamhuidh 's nach ioghn-
adh leam fein
Na h-ainglibh bhi 'n deigh siir mo chiall.
A Lon-duibh, a Lon-duibh, nis 'an coille nam
blàdh—
Leig leam a bhi làmh riut a" caoidh :
Cha 'n ann do na h-uille eun dhiunisinn fàth
Trom-osnaidlipan cràitear-h ;u"-c-hri !
Ach stadam mo bhr<Vi : 'S olc mo choir air
bhi 'caoidh,
'Gur milleadh air aoibhneas mo ghràidh ;
B' fhearr soalltiiin gu foil air au dòigh anns
am faod
Mi bhi fathast 'na (;aoiu-(;haidreamh blà.
SEONAID, FLUH BOIDTIEAOH A
GHLINX.
(O'N 'BHEURLA.)
Tha 'glirian air dol sios nis air > iila Bheinn'
Loimunn,
'Toirt àite do neulta is dr-hliuidhe hiinu,
Siui'n so feasgar CeitPÌn a 'far.un 'n am aouar,
Dluth-smnainteach' air Seoi laid, Flurbòidh-
uau'i a Ghlinn.
(ii'd's mills an Earra-dhreus ]c 'dhearg-ghuca
ciibhraidh,
Ged's àillidh am Beithe 'n.i ghorm-thrua-
gan grinn,
Qur h-àille's gur nnlae, 's gur riomhaiche
dhò'-sa
Mo Sheònaid bhàn òg— Flùran bòidheach k
Ghlinn.
Tlia i modhail na gluitsad — cUiln, maiscacli,
gun ghuaincis, —
Do no-chiontas intina fhuair m' iinusachd
làn roinn :
0 guma fad' uaipe an slaoiteir mi-shuaircf
Air droch diol a dh' fhàgadh Flùr àhiiim a'
Ghlinn !
A Smeòraich ! cum suas do bhinu.dhuanag do
'n fheasgar,
'S gle ehaonih le mactalla nan creag ud do
rann :
Ach 's caoimhe leam fèin, gach deagh-bheus' ,
rinn mo thàladh
Ri Seonaid bhàn, òg — Fiiifan bòidheach a'
Ghlinn.
Mu 'm faca mi Seònaid, b' fhaoin solas mo
làithean,
Cha robh aighjarr a bhaile 'nam aithre ach
faoin ;
32
AN GAIDHEAL.
Ni mo b'col domh aon nionag a themuadh gu
giàilli mi
Gu3 an d' fhuair mi mo ihùil air Flo.-
(•^bliraidh a Ghlinn. ) ; '
Ged liu Icain-Sii gun diil ataid co àrd 'sa tha
'm dhùthaich,
Gun ise ri m' thaobh bhithian aonarach,
tinn,
'S mi lUiiiiUs mar neoui gach onoir 'u3 storaj
A I'lir easlihiuilh mo Sheònaid— F!ùr btìid-
heach a Ghlinn. PjAIi. li; P. C.
Batìiurst, Ont.
Norn . />umblaii»U»cx.rruptlon of Ouablaiia— the
latter lieiixjt iu its turn Diin-l)hlat!iaiii (i.e., the hill cf
flowers). Angliiisfid.
TUIKEADH SEaNN FHLEASGACA.
8BIBD.
Tionndaidh nis is eisd,
Tionnilaidh, tionndaidh, 's gabh gu tenia,
'.S na dean-sa mar a rinn mi fein,
Thoir te a measg na'n cailcagan.
'S tha mise 'nso an diugh learn fhein,
Gun agam n' a ni dhomli feum ;
Gun mhart, gun each, gun bbeathach spreidh,
Gun chearo, gun gheaclh, gun tuniiagun
'Sa 'iiuaira bha mi a'm ghill' og,
Bha caoraich agam 's crodh ku leor;
Co theireadh rium an sin ri'm bheo,
Gu'm laicinn la-cho uireasbhuidlieach.
Mo mhallaclid aig an fheargu brnth
Nach tagh a bhean 'nuair bhios e traight',
Gun f hf'ithldh gus an tig an Ian
No bithidh e baithte le cunnartan.
'S beag a shaoil mi 'n lalthean m'olg,
Gu'm bithinn-se gun neartgun treoir;
Gun bhean, gun mhac, gun neach am choir
A bheireadh dhomhse comh-f hurtachd.
'Sa lihotlinn bhochd 'an Koleana fheln,
Amdhragh dochach, 's mi fein gun fheum;
Gach la a del ni's dluithe do'n eug,
'S gun neach n'am dheigh le n'duillch ml.
Is 'Illean caoinichibh am feur,
Am feadh 's a bhitheas a ghrian a" dears' ;
« tir thig an aois an uine ghearr,
'S b'f hearr leibh gun robh bean agalbh.
(Jha'n ioghna' ciod adheireadh dhomhs',
'S an car a tholrta te le m' dheoin ;
Oirdh'fhagml nighean steidheil choir,
An toir air storasamaideach.
Chal'l ml 'n storas, chalU ml'n trend,
Cha d'f huair ml 'n te bha ml an deigh;
'S an to a. gheibhinn, 'h thug diiomh spels,
Thug ml le eacoir car .-ilste.
Tha Ise 'n diugh comnth 'samiann,
Tha alec fear is lomadh ceud ;
Tha mlse 'n so 'nam bhotiach Hath,
Thug iomadh blladhna fo airsneal.
Is dh'lnnis mlse nis mar bha,
'Sogabhail)h rabhndh uarasa trft;
'S ma's toigh leat te, thoir dhi do lamh.
Is gu brath na bi na d' Jihaitchelear,
J. C.
OISEIN: A 'LINN AGUS A
BFARDACHD.
Faodiiidh Ciiirdean agus eascairdean
an treun-Miaird Oisein an aidmheil so
a tliogail le clieile, gum blieil a radh
fein anion firinneacli agvis freagarrach :
" Sgeul ri aithris air am o aois ;
Giiiombaran laithean nam bliadlmachan
a dh'aom."
"An Seallama, an Taura no'n Tighraori,
Cha-n 'eil slige no oran no ckrsacli ;
Tha iad uile nan tulaichean naine,
'S an clachan nan cluainibh fein ;
Cha'n fliaic aineal o'n lear no o'n fhasach
A li-aon dill 's a bharr ro neul."
Cha'n 'eil ni's mo oighean nan rosg
mall aig Morni a' bualadh clarsaich no
togail dain. Tha clarsach gun tend 'am
Morbheinn : cha'n 'eil guth no ceol an
Cona : thuitaraon an triath 's am bard,
's cha'n 'eil clin 'san aird ni's mo.
Cha'n 'eil lann a' bualadh beum-sgeithe.
Tha Fionnghal nan iomadh beus 'us
buaidh ann an stri nan lann, 'us Oisein,
Ixard milis caomh nam fonn, 'us Oscar
gaisgeach mor meamnach ard nam feart,
maille ri treun-laoich na Feinne a thog
oi-an 's a laimi sicli claidheamh anns na
laithean a bha 's a dh 'aom, — tha iad
uile, 'nan cainnt fein, nan ciar thalla a'
sealg feidh dhoilleir nan niall. Mhar-
caidh iad uile ann an laithean nam
bliadlmachan a dh fhalbh, air iomall an
sgiathan le greadhnachas gu clann nam
Fionn, 'Am Morbheinn cluiteach nan
sruth gaireach 's nan aonaichean neul-
ach sprochdach, cha'n 'eil le siol nan sar-
ghaisgeach sgiath leathan g' a sgaoil-
eadh, no claidlieamh geal g' a tharruing;
ni's mo cha chrathar craosnach agus cha
seinneai- dan catha baoisge le laoich ard
dhuineil aiginneach Fhionnghail mhoir
nan sleagh, 'nuair a bhitheadh gach
suil air lainn 'us tuar 'righ ard nam
beum 's nam beusan mor.
Cha robh na linntean tearc anns an
robh bardachd na Feiime — nan-orain
chaomha chiuin a b' abhaist do mhile
bard air mile clarsaich agus cruit chiul
AN GAIDHEAL.
33
a sheinn ann an tallafhial mac Chaomh-
ail, air an giulan a nuas le beul aithris
o gliinealacli gu ginealach, gus fadh-
eoidli an d'eirich buidheann de dhaoine
foghluimte suairce, aig an robh mor-
mheas air na dain d* am bu nos aigbear
agus suimd a dbiisgadh le 'm fuaim
thiambaidh fhonnmbor ann anliichairt-
ean nam ]\Iorbheinn, an trath a bkit-
eadb an-t-slige 'dol mun cuairt, agus
solas 'us tlusalaclid air am faireacb-
duinn ann am bròn 's 'an tuireadh dian
na sithe. Mun rannsuicb sinn na
doigbean trid an robb dain Oisein air
an gleidbeadh air chuimlme re nine co
fada agus co dorcba; 'us mun gabli sinn
beacbd air an am agus air a' mbodb a
bha iad fadbeoidb air an cruinneacbadb
le Seumas Mac a' Pbearsainn agus
Gaidlieil tbi-eun - inntinneach theo-
cbridbeacb agus ealanta eile, bitbidb è
iomcbuidb dljuinu pilltinn air 'ur n'
ais, agus feucbainn, le combnadb nan
£goilearan a rinn feum co maitb de na
gatbannan faoin a tba 'nis agus a ritbist
a dearsadb anus an dorchadas, an dean
siiin a macb suidbeacbadb nan Gaidbeal
bha tuineacbadb ann an Albainn ann
an CBLkl linntean a' cbreidimb Cbriosd-
uidh. Tban combdbunadb bunaiteacb
agus soilleir a db' ionnbsuidb am bbeil
daoine teacbd mu tbiomcbioll ceud-
sbuidbeacbadb nan Gaidbeal ann an
iomadb cearna iomallacb de'n Roinn
Eorpa. Gbluals iad gu mocb air falbb
bbo'n aird an ear far an robb air tiis an
cinne daoine uile' tuineacbdb. Sgaoil
iad gu deifireacb tbairis air combnardan
reambar, tborracb na Mdr-Roinn, a'
fagail 'an siid agus 'an so — ann an ainm
dutbcba agus ann an cleacbduinn
aosmbor iongantacb, cuimbneacban do
na fineacban lionmbor a tbainig 'nan
deigb. Cba'n 'eil èfurasda aig an am so,
an deigb do linntean co dorcba an
cuairt a ruitb, ceumannan nan Gaidbeal
'nan ceud tburuis a lorgacbadh. Tbui-
nicb iad anns an dutbaich a tba 'nis air
a-b-aiteacbadb leis na Frangaich, agus
tbainig iad le beagan dragb tbairis do
Bbreatuinn. Db' imicb iad re uine mu
tbuatb, agus ann an eileannan cnocach
lionmbor, ann an glinn 's an sratban
fbasgacb uaigneacb Albainn, fliuair na
Gaidbeal agus an canain fbogbainteach
fardacb, agus daigbneacb a cboisinn
doibb tearuinteacbd 'us seasmbachd 'us
soirbbeacbadb, am feadb a bba agbaidh
nan dutbcbannan mun cuairt air a-b-
atbarracbadb 's air a millidb gu minic
le feacbdan garg nan Eomanacb, nan
Locblinnicb agus nam fineacban neo-
cneasda alluidb aig an robb an ionad
combnuidb fein am measg fuacbd 'us
reotba na-b-airde Tuatb.
(Gu hid air a leantuinn.) CONA.
RO' NA CHOMHRAIO.
(BHO 'NA BHEURLA.)
Air fonn :— " JiLst before the Battle, Mother."
A mhathair ghaoil ro am na còmliraig,
Tha mo smuaintean ort-sa 'mhtiin ;
Air an fhaiclie re an latha
As ar n' eascaraid aig laimh.
Companaich dhaimheil tha mu'n cuairt
dhomh,
Le gradh Dhe a's fàrdaich làn,
'S fliios aca gur h-ioma' gaisgeacli
'Bhios an atli-lath' 'n glaic a Bhais !
LUINNEAG.
Soraidh leat a nis a mhathair,
Siuhh'laidh mi gu blàr nam heum ;
Ach na di-chuimhnich gu bràth mi
Ma hhios m' aireamh aig an 'Eiig I
'S fada learn gacb latha 'mhathair,
Gu3 gu faic mi ghraidh thu-fhein ;
Ach gu bràth cha 'n fhàg mi bhratach,
'S pilleadh dhachaidh dh' easbhuidh euchd.
An luchd-brath a ta mu 'n cuairt duibh,
'S mòr an lochd iad ann ar càs —
Mheall ar gaisgeich anns gach haiteal,
Le 'bhi caidreamhach ri 'r nàmh !
Soraidh leat a nis a mhathair, dec, .
Eisd ! is cluinn an triumbaid cheolmhor
Tha g' ar seòladh dh' ionnsaidh 'chath ;
Teasraig sinne 'Dhe na glòrach,
Buanaich dhuinn ar cor a's ceart.
Cluinn a nise guth na Saorsa
Air a ghaoth a tigh'nn le seisd ;
Mar a buanaich sinn ma 'r brataich,
Gheibh sinn fas gach teach 'san t-sreup !
Soraidh leat a nis a mhathair, dec.
FiLIDH KAM BeANN.
3* AN GAIDHEAL.
TUIRE FHINN AIKSON BAILE-CHLUAIDH.
Lr, OisErx.
Ghlac Cumhul, athair Fhinn, Baile-chluaidh, agus loisg se e. Bha am baile air craig
phim-Breiteann, an nisge Chliiaidh ; agus sgrios Cumhal e, chuiu 's nach bithsacih e na
ahamgnfacli na aghaidh.
" To^-aibh, bliarda a 's caoin, am fonn,"
Thuibhairt Fionui^hal ard shonn nan sgiath ;
" Togaibh clin min Mhaona nan tonn,
A's i cadal am fonn nan sliabh."^
" Gra.irmibh 'h-anam gu mall fo dhnan
Nail o'u talamh nan stuadhan mor :
Biodii' caoin astar osceann nan cruach
Air Mòr-bhei nn a 's bnadbach òi^h — ^
G-athan greine nan laithean a dh aom,
Solais blianail nan daoine bh' ann.
" Chnnnam balla Bhail-chluaidh nan lann,
Air nach eirich ach i^ann guth slòigh :
'S an talla bha teine nach lann,
'N diiigh g-an chaidre measg chlann as òigh.
" Dh aom Cluaidh ;- bha sruth eatrom air raon
Bho ard bhalla thuit claon fo smùr.
'N sinbha cluaran gluasad fo ghaoith,
A's coineach a caoineadh fo 'n tùr.
" 'N sionnach ruadh bha 'n a ninneig fein,
A's mall Ihubadh an f heir m' a chùl.
'S fàsach cònuidh IMhaona nan tend ;
'S doilleir talla nan ceud 's an tiir.
" Togaibh, bharda, bròn caoin nam fonn
Mu ard thalla nan tonn a bh' ann :
Thuita treuna lada io thom,*
A's thig laithean nan sonn so nail.
" Cuira' thogadh leat talla nan corn,
A mhic airasir nach mòthar sgiath,
Thu coimhpad an diugh bho d' thùr mhòr,
A's ant ath-lath fo scòrr nan sliabh ?'
" Cha mhall blian'an 's cumhachdach triall,
Le osaig nan ciar mhonadh fas
A gairm ann an talla nan triath,
Nis' air tuiteam gu thrian air làr.
" Chiar osag, Ihig bho mhonadh fas f
Bi'dh sinne sàr 'n ar lailhibh fein ;
Bi'dh comhar mor mo Ihainn am blàr,
'S bi'dh m' ainm aig iomad bard an cein.
1 An duslach nan sliabh.
3 Bhiodh anaman nam marbh a sinbh il air na neoil, a reir b.'aelidan nan linn ud.
3 Bail-Chluaidh. 4 Dli' eug iad. 5'S an uaigli. 6 Tim am fonn a caochladh an 80.
AN GAIDHEAL.
35
" T02: fonn, 's cuir slige ait m' an cuairt:
Biodh solas ard ri Ihuaidh a' m' choir.
Nuair dh' aomas tusa chi mi shuas,
Ma thig thn nuas, a sholuis mhòir,
" Ma ta 's air am 's air am gun tuar,
Mar Fhionnghal òg a 's luaithe cenm,
[Bi'dli mis' mar thusa fad fo bhuaidh ;]
Is ceart co bnan mo cMiu 's tu fein."
Mar sin a thog an rij^h am fonn,
Air làith' nan sonn a b' airde clith :
Bha ceud fear-facail 'g eisdeachd shnas,
Ag aomadh balbh gu luaidh an righ.
Bu chosmhnil sin ri fuaim nan tend
Nuair dli' eireas mall a ghaoth bho 'n fhrith.
B' àiUidli smnaintean nasal do chleibh;''
Cnim' ta Oisein a' d' dheigh gnn neart ?
Ach seasaidh tn, athair, leat fein ;
Co e coimeas righ treun nam feart ?
MARBH-EHANN DO 'N URRAMACH PADRUIG MAC-
ILLEADHAIN.
LE RUARI MOIKASTAN.
[Bha '11 duine nasal, Urramach so
na fhear teagaisg ro mheasail agus ain-
meil 's gacli aite anns an robh e. Bugadh
e ann au eilean Leoghais ; bha e uair na
mhinistir ann an Ceap Breatuinn,
Nova Scotia, as a' sin chaidh e air ais
do dh' Alba, agiis bha e re nine na
mhinisteir na h eaglais Saoir ann 'n
Steornabhagh, far an do bhasaich e air
mios dheireannach an Earraich, 1868.]
Cha 'n nrra' mi, cha 'n aithne dhomh,
Do chliu gu ceart a luaidh,
Ann am braithraibh comlmard falainn,
A bhiodh airidh air do chuau-t ;
Ach se do chliu gu h-araidh,
Anns gach aite gu'n tug thu buaidh,
'S tha thu nise sabhailt,
Aig gairdean deas an UaLn.
Cha bu gheug gun toradh thu,
Ach maiseach a measg chaich,
Suidhichte anns an fhionan,
Nach do chaill a riamh a bhlath ;
Ghlanadh mar an t-airgiod thu,
'S mar an t-or 's deirge gnath,
'S bu shoitheach glan Ian eifeachd
thu;
Le sgeimh an ti tha 'n aird
Bha iorasalachd 's gradh,
A tighinn 'n airde ruit 's gach ceum,
Bha do phearsa maiseach aluinn,
'S buaidh do naduir bha da reir,
'S do chliu bidh aig na braithrean,
Anns an fhasach's fad' an rèis,
Oir chaill iad nis Faidhe,
A bha gradhach ac' gu leir.
Cha 'n 'eil thu nise ga d' sharachadh, "
'Sa phaileann so air chuairt,
Cha bhi trioblaid inntinn ort,
'S cha bhi thu tinn car uair,
Chaidh thu suas le ordheareas,
'S dhf lalbh na deoir 'o d' ghruaidh ; '
A Dhia nan gras gun deonaich dhuinn.
Bhi comhla riutsa shuas.
Tha am foun an so a caojhladh a re.
36
AN GAIDHEAL.
Feumaiilli siiine a chairdean,
Tliighinn a lathair 'Bliritlieanili
nilioir,
Chi sinii 'n sin Padruig,
Measg an aireamh cliaidh thoirt beo
'S cuLi-idh e' sa a sLeula,
liis a hliinn tbeid eigheaclid cruaidh
Na 'n agliaidh-san a dhitear,
Leis an fhirinn bha e luaidh.
Guidblieam air mo cbairdean,
A dheisd Padruig air a cbuairt,
Gu 'm jiilleadb sibb gu 'r Sbanaighear,
Mu 'n tig am bàs gu biath ;
Mu 'n toir e sios do dborninn sibb,
Gu staid eu-docbais bbùan,
Mu'n duiuear dorus trocair oirbb,
O tbigibb beo gu luatb.
LAOIDH AIR COR AN DUIXE.
Lb Eausaib Ruuadh Ni'n Donnachai,
E Raineach, abhathuineadh, ri Seann
LAITHIBII, AN- CrOIT LhABHHAINX, OS-
CIONN LlIEAUAGAX.
0 's inithicli dhuiiiii dusgadh ;
Tha sinii fada nco-shurdail gun stà ;
Sinn gun oinliail gnu c.hàiMra
Gun tig siun gu cunntas gu bràth.
Nam liu Uieir duiiin an gnothadi,
Cha bu choir ilhuiuu bhi gabhail na dàil ;
Guin bi 'n obair ri fheuchainn
Nuair thigt(!achdair g' ard 'neigheacdid bho 'n
bhàs.
Ciamar Ihabliras siim facal
Nuair a bheir an Ti Cheart sinu na IhJi'ir
'S a lliiuthad lath agus bliaua
A bhuilich sinn dioinliain mar tha ?
'S ann clium uilc bha ar togradh :
'S bha sinn lei.sg a chum obair nan gras.
S' cruaidli au gnotliauh ri eisdoaclid
Gach lochd tha ri Iheughadh 'n ar là'ir
Nuair theid trompaid a sheideadh,
Theid an cruinne gu leir bun o^ceaiui ;
Na bhios marbh ni iad dusgadh,
'S bheir an cuan an sin cunntas nacli gann.
Thig critli-tliahrihainn a dhuisgeas
Na ii-uaighcau bha duinnte gu teann,
Nuair tliig iJrcithc' na còrach
A thoirt brcith air gach seors a bhios ann.
Is fath nagail a's curaiii
A bhi ,smuaiiie:ich ma 'n nine sin fhein.
Biilb ncul ruadh air a ghealaich,
'S culaidh bhroin a cur falach mu'n ghrein :
Theid an saoghal 'n a smùraich,
Agus leogliaidh gach diitliaich mar chtiir
Nuair thig Buachaill' a Cheartais
'(.■habhail cunntas air fad anus an treud
Nuair tliig Breithe' na Firinn,
'S beag t-ioghnadh ar 'n inntinn bhi trom,
Ni ar cogais ar diteadh ;
lUthidh Htir ar l)inn ann ar com.
T licid ar tearbadli bho cheile
Mar ni 'm buchaill' an spreidh air an torn—
Cuid gu subhachas siorruidh,
'S a chuid eile gu diogh'ltasaibh trom.
Ach tha 'n saoghal so 'n oònaidh
'G ar cumail an dòchas gach lath
Gun toir psa dliuinn .sòhìs,
Siun a gabhail a sheoil anus gach càs.
Aoh nuair thaisgear 's an uir siun,
A'.s a chuireas e cul ruinn gu bràth,
B' fhearr d' am anamaibh bhi 'n siochaint
Na na choisinn sinn riamh air a sgàtli.
Ach ma sheallas tu cinnteach,
Chan 'cil moran toilinntinn i'o'n ghroin
Ni is mo tha do dhuil ann,
S' ann is doch e chuir cul riut gu leir :
'N aite aighir a's sugraidh
Gum bheil bròu agus curani 'u a dhèigh ;
A's air pailtead do stòrais
Cha toir thu fo'n fhòid ach thu fhcin.
Ach 's e leigheas ar dochainn
Sinn a rliannsach an doruis 'n a thvJith
A tha treoireach am fochair
Caithir Dhe a's a shoehairean àiUt,
A bhi 'g earbsadh le durachd
Gun do ghlan E ar cunntas 'n a Ihà'ir,
A's gum meal sinn an reite
Choisinn Esa chaidh cheus' air ar sgàth.
Bha r(^isinieid ann an aon do db-Inn-
sean na h-àirde 'n iar ; bha niòran do na
daoiiie 'bàsachadh, agus cha nihdr gum
b'fhòarr na h-itigich. An dt^igh do'n lar-
mad tighin dachaidh, bha dnin'-uasal a
choinnich aon dona saighdoaran, a feòra-
dhe ciod bu choireach ris na daoine bhi
iubhal CO lionmhor. ' ' 'Se bhi 'g òl a
rum ùr a bha 'gam mai-bhadh," arsa'n
aighdoar. "Creididb mi sin mu na
daoine," arso'n duinniasal ; "ach cha'n
urrainn e bhith gu'n robh na h-oifigich
ag ÒI an rum iir !" ''Clia robh idir, le'r
cead," arsa'n saiglieear ; " 'se 'n seann
rum a chuir as do na h-oifigich."
TPI E
SCOTTISH HIGHLANDER,
AN ENGLISH SUPPLEMENT TO " THE GAEL."
A OAELIB MAGAZINE AND NEWSPAPER PUBLISHED BY NICHOLSON & CO-. TORONTO. CANADA, AND CLASOOW, SCOTLAND-
ON THE STRUCTURE AND AFFINITIES OF THE GAELIC LANGUAGE-
By P, McGregor, M.A.
(Continued from, Ko. 1.)
"We had prepared a comparative list of words in all the parts of speech, but
Tre find that onr limits will compel us to omit the nouns, the common adjec-
tives, and the verbs. We select these for exclusion, because they are the parts
of speech which most easily pass from one language to another, and therefore
they ai-e a less reliable test of affinities than those words which yield only when
the language to which they belong becomes extinct. Although the English con-
tains myriads of words of Latin or Greek origin, yet the pronouns, the numeral
adjectives below a million, and the indeclinable parts of speech, are nearly all
of Germanic origin. We may, therefore, infer that the Gaelic words in the
following list are original, even where similar words are found in contiguous
languages, which is frequently not the case ; the Gaelic often agreeing with the
Greek or Sanscrit, where Latin, Welsh and German differ.
Pronouns.
Gaelic.
Latin.
Greek.
Sanscrit.
Welsh.
German.
English.
am," inn,*
\ ego, me
S egon, ion,
( ego
j aham
] ma, me
1 av,' wn*
> ich, mich
I, mo
me, mi
1 mi, vi
tu, thu
tu, te
tu, su, se
twam, twa
ti
du, dich
thou, thee .
se è
is
he
sa
ev, e
er
he, him
si.'i
ea
he
sa
hi
sie
she, her
(eadh)
id
it
amuid*
imis*
(nus) sinn
[nos
( hemeis
Inò
( vayam f
I nas
em,* om*
ni
I Go,+ veis
j uus
I we, us
(bhuis) sibli Tos
spho?
vas
Go yus ?
ye, you
siad, iad
se, ii, eao
/ spbeis,
\ sphas
\ te, tas
( hwynt,
(bwy
|-sie
they, them.
mo
me —
em—
me (of me)
(ray) vy
mein
nif
to, do
tu—
t— , s—
<« (of thee)
dy
dein
thy
e, a
.<.;.^,JofhimJj^^^^^-
ei
his, her
nor, am, ai
noster
noiter
unser
our
bhur, 'ur
vaster
spboiter
vam (of you)
euer
your
so, sa
esha
Go, so, sa
this
sud, 'ud, sir
ut (conj.)
tat
hwnw
das, Jen
that, yon
* These forms are found only as nominatives affixed to verbs. Tlie modes In which they are used prove
that they are not oblique cases.
t The Go is for Moeso-gothic. •
38
SUPPLEMENT TO THE GAEL.
Gaelic.
Latin-
CtKEEK.
Sanscrit.
Welsh.
German.
English.
CO, cè, a
<[m, quae
hos, he
j kas, kau
( yas, yau
}p.
{ Go.chwo*
Ì ei
■ who, which,
that
eiod, rat
qu'fl, quod
kat, ke
Go. chwas
what
feiu, hein 1
se, sa ;
■ su —
1
swa
hun
eigin
own, self
Numeral Adjectives.
aon
uu
hen
un
ein. Go ain
one
do, da
duo
duo
dwi, dwa
dau
Go twa
two
tri
tria
tria
tri
tri
( drei,
i Go thri
I three
ceathuir )
ceithir \
quatuor
tessar
chatur
pedwar
Go, fidwor
four
(cuing) coig
quinque
rr
paneha
pump
fuenf
five
(seis) se
(secteii) j
seaclid j
sex
shash
chwech
sechs
six
- septem
hepta
saptan
saith
sieben
seven
(octon) ochd
octo
okto
ashtan
wyth
S.'lht.n f»8"
(naoin) naoi
novem
ennea
navan
naw
neun
nine
(decen) deich decern
deka
dashan
deg
Go, taichan
. ten
Prepositions.
( af, fon,
)
(uab) Lho, o
ab, a
apo, ap
apa, vi
0
< Go, abu,
> from
de
de
' off, of
in, an
in
en
yn
in, an
in
(indir) eadar
iutcr
antar
unter
1 between
I among
to
do, adh
ad
{?^ras,}«».^"
chum, gu i
thun j
1 cu7)i (with)
i tenus
I sun (with)
sam (with)
ca7i (with)
gen
\ up or
( on to
(uabliar) air '
super
huper
upari
av
ueber
on, above
fo, aig
apud
hupo
upa (near)
ach
bei, Go uf
\ under, by
]at
es, e 1
as, a j
■ ex, e
ex, ek
oc
aus
out of
(uuiba) j
uinie, uiu <
araphi
abi (towards) am
um
j about,
( around
tras, tliair
trans
tros, traus
over, across
(froi) loi
prae
pro
puras, pra
for
before
(fris) lis
pros
prati
by, against
troi, tre
per?
trwy
( durch
l Go thairch
1 through
caramht
cer (by)
i ch:)se to.
coil-
coram
( before
gun, aonaist
sine?
aneu
ohne
without
cuide t
kata
cyda
with, even
with
seachad, seacl
[i secus
past, along
Adverbs
AND Conjunctions.
CO, eadli
ceu, ita
ke
so
so, thus
cianiar, j
cia !
1
• quam, qua
koie
Go, chwe
how
* Tlie modern pronunciation of the Oerinanic dialects most closely allied to the Mocso-Gothic, shows that
its h was guttural ; and, like th'J Sanscrit, it, had only one character for v and w. Only the radical part of
adjectives is given, excluding the varying inflections.
t These are prepsrly nouns, but they are ussd only prepositionally ^
SUPPLEMENT TO THE GAEL.
39
Gaelic.
Latin.
Greek.
Saj^-sorit,
Welsh
German.
English.
mar
mor, mal
nicht.
as
nina
chan, cha
> non, ne
ouk, ouch
ni, na
na
kein
Go, ni, no
I not
nior, nach
nee, neu
nac, neu
noch
not, nor
ro, ra, sar
rhy
sehr
veiy, too
fagiis
engus,
agos
Go, /ccJls, (in) near
moch
mox
moch
early,
I presently
(tan) cuine
quando
kada
[ Go, than,
( chwan
1 when
far, caite, ca
kutra, kwa
cwdd, cw
TO, Go,chwar where
cuime
kim
why
nuise, nise
nunc
nuni, nun
nun, Go nu
now
rls, ais
ro
aps
agiiin,back
eadhon
etiani
yatha
eben ?
j even
] likewise
suas
sursum
upward
sior, riamh
semper
immer
ever
agus, (ceo)
atque, ac, que
kai
cha
Go yach
and
acht, ach
ast, at
atar
eithr
Go, ak, ith
but
nan, an
an
ean, an
nwau, nu
Prefixes.
Go, an
if, whether
Signification
ana
en
excess
an, ain,
}'»
an, a, ne
ana
an
un
un, not
ao, neo
mio, mi
me (not)
mi.s
mis, not
di, do
dis, di
dus, du
(Zi4S (difficult) dis, di, dos
( asunder,
] defect
again.
ath
aute, au
ad
back
comh, con
>-com, con, co
sun, sum
cym, cyn, cy
together
so
su
easily, well
Affixes.
Gaeijc.
Latin.
Gkeek.
Sanschit.
Welsh.
German.
English. .
adas, eadas
ad, ead
itas, atus
asis, esis,
C is, as, us
fedd, id
f concrete
as, eas
tetos, tes
< twa, ti "
1 yd, ydd
heit, ness
} static or
acht, eacht
itia, itio
OS
i tra, tu
Ueth, as
( quality
nuis*
etes, ites,
V ata, it
adair, eadair { ator
air, ear / etor, or
otes, er
or ides
awdur, yr
er
i agent, ,
( person ._
ades
1
an,f ean
ag, eag
\
ion, isk
{ yn, an, en
( ig> og
^ chcn,
lin
) diminu-
f tives '
ach, each
ac, iu
or, er
ik, uk.
or, ar
' ak, ik, uk,
) wg, og
ab'stract
ail, 11
aidh, idh
ta, da
al, el
(at, et
1 ion
J av, ÌT
•al'el'
al, im,
ar, er, al,
"il, at,
ma, may
' ig, or, awr
[ iol, awl
) aid
icht
station
quality
amh, eamh
em
* This Ì3 probably the noun nos, custom or habit.
t Gaelic masculine diminutives terminate in n, and feminines in g. The Welsh termination yu is mascn-
ine, an common, and tn, ig and og feminine.
40 SUPPLEMENT TO THE GAEL.
The rules of composition and derivation are the same in Gaelic as in Latin ;
but the collocation of words is somewhat different, the Gselic always putting
the verb before the nominative. The common adjectives generally follow, in
stead of jireceding the qualified nouns. Where, as sometimes happens, they
may either follow or precede, the sense differs. Thus an sean duine is the old
man, as distinguished from the young man, while an duine sean signifies simply
the man who is old. So sean dan signifies a poem composed long ago,
while ddn sean would denote an aged poem, and therefore, this form would
here be improper. The numeral adjectives immediately precede the qualified
nouns, as in English. In the structure and collocation of words, Gadic differs
little or nothing from Old English or German. It admits of greater freedom
in tlie ai-rangement of words than modern English or French, but much less
than Welsh or the classic languages. The significations of words are also re-
markably precise and definite. In what relates to the arts and sciences, it is of
course very defective; but in evei'^-ihing that regards external nature and the
mental feelings, it is quite copious. Owing to its precision and simplicity of
structure, the meaning of a .speaker is readily perceived, if he has any, and if
he has not, that also is generally apparent. In sevei-al of these resjiects it is
widely different from the Welsh. The words in this language are, on the
whole, much less precise in their signification; and this, combined with its com-
plex syntax and loose arrangement of words, renders the meaning of a speaker
or writer not unfrequently obscure. Gaelic is also richer in primitive terms,
and tliose expressive of emotions. Hence it is better adapted for poetical
compositions and such as excite the passions.
Considering the comparatively small number of mankind who have ever
spoken it, the amount of poetical compositions of merit which it contains, is
surprisingly great; and we believe many will study it for these, long after it
has ceased to be a living language. The extent of its poetical treasures is un-
known to very many, even of those who speak it, while beyond its own limits,
they are very little known.
In conclusion, we may be allowed to say a word regarding the afiinity of the
Gaelie to the Hebrew and the Syro- Arabian languages in general, a subject on
which much has been written. We deny, then, that Gaelic shows any affinity
with those languages much more marked than any other Aryan language.
In fact, many of the resemblances pointed out hold equally true of Old Eng-
lish. At the same time we admit that the affinity is marked and striking.
Thoygh the languages differ widely in structure, yet many of the words and
idioms are the same, both in form and signification, so that we cannot hesitate
to conclude that the Gselic has a common origin with the Hebrew. This, how-
ever, has been recognized as true of the Aryan and Syro-Arabian languages
generally, by several eminent philologists. The Gaelic has preserved so many
ancient forms as to show that it has changed surprisingly little for many long
ages.
REMARKS ON G^LIC ORTHOGRAPHY.
Some of our readers having taken and have long been, familiar with Gaelic
exception to our mode of spelling cer- orthography ; but we do not feel bound
tain Gselic words, a brief explanation to write every word precisely as those
becomes necessary. readers would. There are at this day
We may state at once that we are, many hundreds of words variously
SUPPLEMENT TO THE GAEL.
41
•written by English authors, although
the English language has been exten-
sively vvritten for a much longer period
than Gselic. The fact is, that Gajlic
orthography is by no means fixed ; we
could not reasonably expect that it
should be. The language was not culti-
vated to any great extent till within
the memory of persons still lining; and
there is no single authority that deser-
ves to be implicitly followed.
The first Gnelic printed books re-
sembled the English printed books of
the same age in the spelling being very
bad; there vv'as nothing like uniformity,
and there were several letters inserted
tha^ were better omitted. When the
Bible was first published in what pur-
ported to be Scottish Gaslic, it in fact
contained many formsexclusively Irish,
evidently copied from the Irish Bible.
A revised edition came out in 1816,
in which some of the Irish forms
were excluded. A second revised edi-
tion was published in 1826, in which
more of the Hibernicisms disappeared.
But many were still retained, such as
confounding c/e and do, writing luidh for
laidh, putting single vowels for diph-
thongs, and diphthongs for triph-
thongs, as tigh for taigh, or taoigh,
and coileach for caoileach. We re-
ject all Hibernicisms, and write Scot-
tish Gaelic purely.
There is a glaring defect in Scottish
Gaelic, from which the Irish Gaelic is free,
as it does not distinguish the secondary
from the primary initial sounds of I,
n and r. The Irish distinguish all the
secondary forms, by putting a dot or
Btroke over the initial consonants. In
Scottish Gaelic, the distinction is shown
iu the case of the other consonants by
writing an h immediately after them ;
but the three unlucky consonants I, n,
and r, are left out in the cold, so to
speak ; and you cannot tell, when you
read chunnaig i a leannan air anjhdll,
"whether it was her own, or her lovers
sweetheart that she saw. We obviate
this defect by indicating the secondary
forms by simply writing an h after
them, as in the case of all the other
consonants, as was suggested long ago,
!iy Dr. Alexander Stewart, in his Gaelic
Grammar, and we know some other
writers of Gaelic have done. The lai'ge
Gaelic Bible of 1826 followed the Irish
mode to distinguish the secondary forms
of these three letters; but the other
plan is better, as it dis])enses with par-
ticular forms of letters, and makes the
method uniform throughout.
We may add that no Gaelic writer of
any note implicitly follovv^s the Gaelic
Bible in spelling; and some Avriters of
note, such as Mr. James Munroe, a
poet, and author of a good Gaelic Gram-
mar, have departed from its forms more
widely than we have.
It would detain us too long to give
our reasons for every departure, but
this is needless. We aim at Avriting
pure Scottish Gaelic, rejecting both ob-
solete and Irish forms, and excluding
quiescent consonants that should never
have been admitted, such as dh in oire
(Latin haeres,) an heir, and in hliana
(Welsh blynedd) a year. So in all
words compounded with comh, or co, we
would reject tlie mh before consonants,
and retain them before vowels, as is done
in Latin. We think the few changes
we have introduced are warranted by
good reasons, and that they render a
composition easier to read and under- -
stand, and make the language more
adapted to the communication of
thought accurately and rapidly.
We have thus given our views
freely ; but we are ready to listen to '"
anything which any of our learned
readers have to say on the subject ;
and if they convince us that our views
are wrong, we will act accordingly.
NEWS OF THE HIGHLANDS AND
ISLANDS.
A Postal telegraph office has been opened
at Glencoe.
A Gaelic Societj is about to be formed in
Inverness.
42
SEPPLEMEET TO THE GAEL.
Thk HAnvKST. — In spite of a good deal of
rain ajid cloudy cold weather, harvest is now
nearly ovt-r throughout the North. And to
all appearance the result is not unsatisfactory.
Turnips look remarkably well, but potatoes,
we regret to learn, are showing symptoms of
disease over a wide range of country. — Inver-
ness Courier.
The members of the Clan Campbell who
subscribed to the gift presented to H. R. H.
the Princess Louise are informed that the
committee have sanctioned the r ublication of
an interesting volume in connection with this
event
Call.— At a meeting of the Free Church
congregation, Kildaltion, Islay, held on the
28th August, and presided over by the Uev.
Mr. Pearson, Kilmeny, it was unanimously
resolvol to give a call to the Rev. Alexander
M'Donald, preacher, Stornoway.
We learn by the newspapers, that a Lews
boat (luring the herring fishing, at Wick,
haided such a quantity of herrings, that with
the moderate swell in the sea she filled and
sunk, before assistance could be rendered. The
crew, consisting of five men, were drowned.
Sad Accident in Syke.— Mr. Alexander
Mackenzie, tenant of Kilmore, near t.roadford,
went out with a friend to shoot wild fowl, and
while he was in the act of pushing aside a gun,
which he observed to be in a dangerous posi-
tion in the boat, it went off, and the charge
passed through the fleshy part of his thigh.
The wound did not appear to lie serious, but
lock-jaw unfortunately set in, and he gradu-
ally sank, and expired. Mr. Mackenzie was
onlv about twenty-one years of age.
ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS.
';». ^- We regret very much that, owing to the
■•.absence of Mr. Nicholson on other business,
the present number of The Gael, is so far be-
hind. Tlie next number, which is due in
Novemlper, however, will be promjit on time,
and after January 1st it will appear regularly
every m^intli.
'■<- We have several communications to be
answered under this head, which we have to
lay over until our next.
'-'J, Mcfc., Glengarry — We are informed that
Alex. Glen, of Edinlnirgh, is one of the Itest
bag-pi[)e makers in Scotland. His cheapest
sett, made of ebony, costs -540 or £8 sterling-
He has published McKay's, McLoughlin's,
Ross's and a few other works on pipe music.
We are indebted for the above information to
Mr A. iM. Oliphant, Pi))e Major to the Cale-
donian Society of Toronto, who also informs us
that he has a quantity of pipe music in manu-
script. Parties requiring anything in tliat
line would do well to communicate witli Mr. 0.
KIND WORDS FOR THE GAEL.
OPINIONS OF THE PRES>.
An GArDAEAL ; The Gael, a magazine and
newspaper devoted to miscellaneous Gaelic
literature, and to the interests of Scottish.
Highlanders generally. Edited by Angus
Nicholson, late editor of the Canada Scots-
man, Toronto, Canada ; Nicholson & Co.
• * * * The Magazine is
well printed in good readable type * *
* * The contents are very varied
and interesting. The articles generally short
and pointed. * » * * rpj^g
Nicholsons, of Toronto, seem to be a very en-
terprising iirm, and have faith in the Gaelic.
Ihey are publishing a complete edition of the
Gaelic Bards, forming a collection of Gaelic
poetry fioin tin- earliest pi'iiod to the present
day, to be completed in 25 parts at one shil-
ling each. They promise to begin with Os-
sian and end with the latest known bard.—
Paisley and Re.nfreivshirc Gazette.
The Gael — a magazine and newspaper de-
voted to miscellaneous Gaelic literature, and
to the int(n'ests of Scotti.sli Highlandeis gen-
erally. Published by Nicholson & Co., To-
ronto, Canada.
We have just received and perused the first
number of this periodical, and cannot speak
too highly of its contents. The articles are
all first-rate, and do honor to the scholarship
of its Gaelic editor ; and though we differ a
little from him with regard to some words,
still we give him credit for style and purity
of language. The magazine cannot fail to be
appreciated by the Gaelic-speaking ])opulation
of both .\merica and Great Britian— "oir a's
mills do 'n Ghaidheal eanain a dhuchci
fcin." The selections of Gaelic poetry are
very happy, and the tone of the magazine
healthy and characteristic of the hardy-head-
ed Gael. We recommend the Gael to those
who can read the language, as it cannot fail
to interest, instruct and amuse. — Sterling
Journal and Advertiser.
Our Celtic friends on the other side of the
Atlantic have tripped up their brethren at
home, for while the latter are only thinking
of publishing a periodical devoteil to the pre-
servation of their ancient and time-honored
vernacular, the Celts in the Dominion can al-
ready boast of such a work, the first part of
which is now before us. It does honor to the
energy and patriotism of the Celts in Canada,
and is altogether worthy of a warm welcome
on both sides of the " Great Sea." * *
* * We have no hesitation in re-
commending its object to the favorable atten-
tion of our Highland readers, believing it will
prove itself useful in cementing the bonds be-
tween the Celts separated by the ocean, in
SUPPLEMENT TO THE GAEL.
43
promoting the desirable Bobject of re3cuing
Celtic popular history from entire oblivion,
and in supplying a medium, fully as miich
wanted here as in the colonies, for advocating
Celtic rights and exposing Celtic wrongs, and
in giving to the public those interesting mem-
orials of Celtic customs and superstitions
which are fast dyiug eivra.y.— Northern Ensign,
Wick.
"We are glad to see a copy of the Gael, which
is published in Toronto, Canada. * *
* * The Gael deserves the support
of every Highlander ; it is expected to be read
by all Gaelic readers throughout the world,
for agents will be appointed to receive subsc-
ribers wherever Highlanders are located. The
principal writers in the Gael being gentlemen
who are well known for their classical abili-
ties and moral worth, the reader cannot be
disappointed. — Oban Times.
PHILCLOGICAL ENQUIRIES.
{Contimied.)
y, ■ . . ^Ti
" . - • OJ -
in":;::.'
• "3 : • : : S, .
1 M i M
-SI
c3 o"
1. How large a number of negative jiarticles
the survey of several languages brings
into view.
2. How large a number are common to seve-
ral languages.
3. That several particles have a variety of
forms, even in one and the same language.
4. That some of those word.s, though used
independently in one language, are used
only in composition in some other lan-
guage.
5. That several negatives are the result of
composition — see examples — particularly
in the Latin colum.n.
6. That though Mr. Muller gives a different
account of the Latin nihil from that given
above, yet its derivation from ne illc re-
ceives countenance from the derivation
given of other Latin negatives.
7. That the Gaelic cha seems the property
exclusively of that one language, and
that a similar thing is observable with
reference to the Hebrew lo and ha,l, and
to the Latin hand.
8. That whilst the Gaelic a and ain are rep-
resented on two different lines of the
scheme, it is worth enquiring whether
they are not different f-rms of one word,
and whether they and all the other words
which stand on the first two lines may
not have a common origin,
C. M. K.
With reference to the above observe-
OSSIAN.
In the June number of Macmillarbs
Magazine, one of the best of the
English monthlies, is a very ably
written article on Ossian, by Principal '.
Shairp of St. Andrews. We may give
the article in full at an early date, but,
in the meantime, we give the conclu-
sions to which he has come to, in his
own words :—
" The longer I have studied tlie
question, the more I have been con-
vinced that McPherson was a transla^
tor, and not an author ; that he Ibund
and did not create his materials ; that
all the moi'e important part of his
" Ossian" is ancient, and had long ex-
isted in the Highlands, and that at the
time he undertook his collection, the
Highlands were a quarry out of which
44
SUPPLEMENT TO THE GAEL.
many more Ossianic blocks and frag-
ments might have been dug."
BURTON'S HISTORY OF SCOT-
LAND.
In answer to some of our readers
who are enquiring as to which i.s the
best History of Scotkmd, we give the
following extract from the Edinburgh
Review, of July last, regarding Burtons
Histvry of Scotland, which is just com-
pleted. Burton's History is the latest,
and, if we take the Edinburgh Re-
view's opinion, (who is undoubtedly a
good authority in such matter's) it is
the best. The following is what the
Review says on the subject : —
" With all its faults and shortcom-
ings, which we have not been slow to
indicate, Mr. Burton's work is now,
and will probably continue to be the
best History of Scotland. So far as
matters ecclesiastical are concerned, it
has and need fear no rival. So far as
regards the War of Independence, it
holds the same position of superiority.
If on minor points he has been less
successful ; if his narrative sometimes
fails to attract, or his argument to con-
vince ; if we can mark omissions which
mar the completeness of the work, we
may yet be justly grateful to the his-
torian who has, for the first time,
placed before us in the light of truth,
those asi)ects of Scottish history which
are most worthy of study and best cal-
culated to reward it."
-THE GAELIC SOCIETY OF
it\' LONDON.
We see, from the accounts of recent
meetings of this Society, tliat they are
endeavoring to have the new education
act of Scotland so modified, that no
person shall be ajipointed a schol-teach(!r
in a Gaelic district unless he understood
Gaelic. The Society is making great
exertions to have a Professor of Gaelic
appointed in one of tlie Scottish Uni-
versities, For this and other similar
labors, this Society is entitled to the
acknowledgement of every true Gael.
They have succeeded to the position
left vacant by the Highland and Agri-
cultural Society having wholly turned
away from everything pertaining to
learning and literature, and confined
their attention to such matters as rais-
ing turnips and fattening wethers and
bullocks. In fact the word "Highland,"
still retained with tlie title of this old
Society, has now become a misnomer, as
thei'e is now nothing peculiarly "High-
land" about it. It is, fortunately, wtl-
der these cii'cumstances that this new
Society has stepped in to occupy the
vacant ground, and to advocate and
uphold, in the capital of the British
Empire, the claims of those who live a
great distance from it. May their suc-
cess equal their deserts.
The present issue of " The Gael" is
two pages larger than the last, and it
is our intention to enlarge it still
further after January.
No. 1 OF THE GAEL.
We caimot dispose of any more copies
of No. 1, of The Gael, except to regular
yearly Subscribers, as all we have on
hand are required to fill up sets. Sub-
scribers who have not already received
it can be supplied on application, and
also a limited number of new subscrib-
ers. Parties who may have copies of
that number which they can part with,
would greatly oblige by sending them
to us ; we are particularly anxious to
get copies of the " English Supple-
ment," which accompanied No. 1, as
we are entirely out of it.
TO OUR SUBSCJilBEBS.
OFFICE OF "THF & A. E JL ."
Toronto, September 20i7i.
In explantion of the delay in issuing the second number of The Gael, we
would say, that it has lieeu occasioned by circumstances which are scarcely
to be regretted, inasmuch as they are likely to be instrumental in promoting
largely the very object of the establishment of our periodical.
Tne first number of The Gael was issued early in June, (the Supplement
having been printed some time before and dated June,) but was intended for
July, and dated accordingly, " Dara Mios an t-Samhraidh" " Second month of
Summer," according to the American division of the seasons, which makes
March the first mouth of Spring, June the first month of Summer, àc. We
soon discovered, however, that a majority of our readers understood the old
country division of the seasons better, and took our first number as being for
June instead of July. We shall in future conform to the latter arrangement,
and it will be understood therefore that, '■'■Ceud Mios an Earraich" means Feb-
ruary, " Ceud Mios t-Samhraidh," May, <kc.
It was our intention to have issued The Geal every month, but Mr. Angus
Nicholson, the Editor, having been unexpectedly appointed Dominion Emi-
gration Agent for the North of Scotland, and having to leave shortly, he finds
it impossible to accomplish this, together with the preparations necessary for his
mission. The issue will therefore be everi/ other month for the remainder of
this year, or until the first of January next, from which date arrangements will
be made to have The Gael apjiear regularly every month, as at first intended.
No injustice will be done to subscribers, however, by this aiTangement, as the
subscription will still ])ay for twelve numbers, — the difference being merely
that tlie end of the first year will be jjlaced three months further on. Mr.
Nicholson, before leaving for Scotland, intends to take a few weeks to make
a tour of the Provinces from Prince Edward Island to Thunder Bay, and pre-
baps to Red River, if time permits, in order to visit the various High-
land settlements, also such districts as may be considered best for new
settlements of his countrymen, his plan of operation is first to establish in this
way communication with Scotchmen, and settlements of Scotchmen already
in Canada, with a view to the promotion of emigration here from the old land;
next to spend the winter in Scotland, promoting the object in view, and
thus giving time for the most complete preparations for emigrants to leave
early in the Spring for their new homes in Canada. People here having friends
still " at home," whom they desire to bring out, would do well to coinmunieate
with him; every commission of this kind entrusted to him will be diligently
attended to. Having ample time for the work, he intends to visit every part
of the country, to the Butt of Lewis and John O'Groats House, and not a,
few principal towns only, he will therefore be able to attend to the wishes of
his friends, even in the smallest detail, if connected with the object of his
mission. With such facilities of communication as he will establish, mat-
ters may be ai-ranged in advance, and emigrants may be advantageously placed
at once on their arrival, thus obviating most of the difiiculties which n,e-w
comers have to encounter. Letters addres.sed to him at this ofiice will receive
prompt attention. As he must leave for Scotland about the latter end of '
November, friends desirous of communicating with him, should do so at once.
NICHOLSON & COMPANY.
P-S. — The same circumstances has operated to delay the issue of "The Gaelic Bards,"
but that work is_ now in a forward state, and arrangements are being made to commence,
ts imblication immediately, so that we expect to have the lirst parts in the hands of
ubscribers on or about the first of January.
DOMINION OF CANADA
EMIGIlA.TIOISr
ro THB
To Capitalists, Tenant farmers, Agricultural Labourers, Mechanics, Day Labourers, and all
parties desirous of Improviog ihoir Circumstances by Emigrating to a New Country.
The attention of intending Emigrants is invited to the great advantages pre-
sented by the Province of Ontario. Persons living on the Interest of their Money
can easily get EIGHT PER CENT, on first-class security.
TENANT FARMERS WITH LIMITED CAPITAL,
Can buy and stock a Freehold Estat* with the money needed to carry on a small
farm in Britain. Good Cleared Land, with a Dwelling and good Bam and out-
houses upon it, can be purchased in desirable localities, at from £4 to £10 sterling
per acre.
Farm Hands can readily obtain work at GOOD WAGES.
Among the inducements offered to iateuding Emigrants, by Government, Is
A FREE GRANT OF LAND!
WITHOUT ANY CUAK(5E WHATEVER.
Every Head of a Family ctn obtain, on comiition of settlement, a Free Grant of
TWO HUNDRED ACRES of Land for hiiDiielf. and ONE HUNDRED ACRES
additional for each member of his family, male or female, over 18 years of age.
All peraon.s over eighteen years of age can obtain a Free Grant of ONE HUN-
DRED ACRES.
The Free Grants are protected by a Homestead Exemption Act, and are not
liable to seizure for any debt incurrcil before the issue of the patent, or for twenty
years after it.s issue. They are witliin easy access of the front settlements, and
are supplied with regular postal communication.
And of Improved Farms for sale, are kej)t at the Immigration Agencies in the
Province, and arrangements are made fur directing immigrants to those points where
employment can bo most readily obtained. Several new lines of Railway and other
Public Works are in course of conslructicm, cr about being commenced, which
will afford employment to an almost unlimited number of labourers.
Persons desiring fulle-r informa ion respecting the Province of Ontario
are invited t" a}>ii1y personally, or by letter, to the Canadian Government Emigra-
tion Ageut<* in Europe, vi?. : WM. LUXuN, 11, Adam Street, Adeljihi, London,
WC • J. 0. MOV LAN. 14 S(.uth Fre.icrick St., Dublin; CHARLES FOY, 11
Claremont St., iJ-dfast ; an.l DAVID SHAW, 24 Oswald St., Glasgow.
Aliio to th,- Iminit'nition Agfut.'? in Canada, \-i/ :— JOHN A. DONALDSON,
Toronto; II. H. LAE, Hamilt.m ; WM. J. WILLS, Ott;iwa ; RICHD. MAC-
PHEIISON, KingHtou; L. S'l'AKFORI), Quebec; J. J. DALEY, Montreal; E.
CLAY, Kalifax, Nova Scotia ; ROBT SllIVES, St. John, and J. G. GLAYTON,
Winimiclu, New P.ruuswick, — from whom ]>amphlets, issued under the authority
of tho «;')Vor..riiem of Ontario, contiiiaing full parlicul.ars in relation to the char-
w.ti;r fi::d reaou/otu of, and the cost of living, wagos, &c., in the Province, can bo
obtalutid.
JOHN CAKLHSrO',
L- Commi«iomr o/ Aijriciilture ami Public Works.
'K'S^ I)BrARrMr,>rr oy iMTvno^ATioN, /or the Prouince q/ Onlario.
Èì>'K'M Toronto, February. 187 L
^^3sr
GAIDHEAL.
I. Leabh.]
DAE A MIOS A GHEAMHRAIDH, 1871.
[S Air.
MU NA SEAKN GHAIDHEIL.
O na nithibli a dh'ammieheadh faodar
a thuigsinn gum be an t-aon iluagh
ceudna a bha air an ciallachadJi ]«i* na
Romanaicb nuair a Bgriobh iad mu na
Picti agus na Caledonic : oir nuair a
tha Dion ag radii Caledonaich riutba
mu 'n bhliadhna 230, agui Eumenius
ag radh an ainm Ficii riutha mu 'n
bhliadbna 296, clian 'eil e cosmhuil no
idir comasach ann an uine shea bliadb-
na agus tri ficbead (66) gum biodh an
aluagh sin a cbog ri Agricola aig a'
Mhonadh Gharbh agus a tbug dulan do
armailtibb nan Impirean Romanacb
Hadrian, Antoninus Commodue, Septi-
mius SeveruB agus Caracalla fad corr
agus ceud bliadbna — air an gearradh
as gu b-obunn no air am fuadacb as an
tir le eluagb ur a tbainig a stigb nan
ait ris an abradb na Romanaicb Picti
mar ainn. Tha « eoilleur gum b' iad
na seann Cbaledonaicb fein a bha ann,
agus nacb robh ni ur earn bith 'nam
measg no mu 'n timchioll acb an t-alnm
nuadh ud a thugadb orra o'n aobhar a
cbaidh airis. Agus tha Eumeniui a'
dearbhadh so dhuinn nuair a tha e ag
radh " Culedonich agus Pictich eile"
oir tha e a' ciallachadh gun robh na
Caledonaich nam Pictich maille ris gach
dream eile a bha air am filleadh astigh
fo'n ainm ein. Th* e cosmhuil gum
b'e an t-ainm leis an robh iad air an
comharradh a mach leis na seanchaidh-
ibh Eirionnach " Cruithnich," oir tha
iad ag radh gun robh a' chuid ba mho
dhe Albainn air a h-aiteachadh Jeis na
" Cruithnich" agus air a riaghladh leo.
Agus tha na WeUhich ag radh "Givyd-
dyl Ffichti' riutha, «e sin Gaidhil Phic-
teach, no GaidlUlDhaithte, a 'ciallachadh
gun robh iadsan a 'tuigsinn gam bu
Ghaidhil na Pictich, ague a reir coelaii
thug iad an earrann mu dheir»ftdh de
'n ainm o 'n Laidinn a chum an dealach-
adh o na Gaidhil eile nach robh air an
dath.
Mu thimchioll na bliadhna SGO tha
ainm nuadh air a thoirt air cuid do n*
fineachaibh Gaclach ann an Ceana
Tuath Bhreatuinn. B'e an t-ainm sin
" Scoti," agus is « an t-Eachdraiche
R«manach, Ammianus MarcelUntit, a*
cheud ughdar leis am bheil an oluagh
ud air an ainmeachadh mar no. B' i
Eirinn tir an duchais, agus tbainig iad
a nail à sin do thaobh an iar na h-Alba
ann an Earraghael, a chuideachadh le
'm braithribh, na Gaidhil Albannach
anns a' chogadh ris na Romanaich mu
'n bhliadhna 363, ri linn nan Impiretoi
lulian agus lomuii,. Agus a reir cos-
lais dh' fhuirich cuid diubh ann an
Erraghael far an d' fhuair iad tuin-
eachas am measg nan Gael, an uair a
phill a' chuid eile dhiubh dhachaidh do
Eirinn an deigh a' chogaidh ; oir th»
Gildas, seann eachdraiche Breatunnach.
a sgriobh mu'n bhliadhna 550, ag radh
gun " do phill na Cnachadairean lor
duma Eirionnach dhachaidh." AguB
tha Isidore a sgriobh mu'n bhliadhna
600 a' dearbhadh gum b'e Eirinn fear-
ann duchais nan " Scoti" oir tha e ag
radh " Scotia, eadem et Hibernia," &c.
Se ein an Gailig, " Scotia an aon tir
cheudna ri Hibernia, agus fhuair i an
t-ainm so do bhrigh gu bheil i air a
h-aiteachadh le fineachaibh nan 'Scoti,'"
chan 'eil e soilleur cia bhuaithe thainig
an t-ainm so ; tha cuid ag radh gur
48
AN GAIDHEAL.
li-ann on fliaoal " Scuite'' a thainig e,
a tlia ciallachsilh 8»' Ghailig Eirionu-
aicli, " N» B'alblianaich no siuMilau-
aicli, no na Fii*<lanaicli." Tha cuid
fiile ag radh gun d' eirich e blio 'n fbacal
Sgaoth agua gun abairteadh Sgdothnich
riùthft do bhrigh gun robh iad a falbh
còmìilatb mar S'jai>th bhaachan. No
faodaidh gun d' thainig « o'n fhacjvl
"sjlot" a tha oiallachadh sgap, agua
gun abairteadh '' i>giof.!iirh'' riutha a
chionii gun robh iad air :ui sgiotadh no
air an sgapadh thall '» a bhos. Ach
ciaraar aam bitb a t'huair iad an t-ainni
so tba 9 soilleur gum bu Ghaidbil iad
agus gvim b'i Eirinn tir an duchais ;
agus iiach robh dealachadb sam bith
eadar iad i'ein agus '• tm Ficti," ach 'an
dealachadb oeudna a tba an diugb ri
fhaicinn eadar na Gaidhil Elrionuach
agu9 na Gaidbil Albaiunach. Agus tba
Adhanibnan asgriobh lieath-eaclidraidh
Chalum-chill© a' nocbdadh so gu soil-
leur nuair a ta e ag radh gun d' thainig
Calum-Cille à Scotia do Bhreatunn, se
■in a Eirinn gu taobh tuath na h-
Alba. Tha an t-Eacbdraiche Bedf. mar
an ceudna a' daingneachadh an ni so ;
oir tba e ag radh "Si Eirinn gu h-araidh
Duthaich nan Scoti," fjeabh. I. Caib. 1.
Mu 'n bhliadhna 506, thainig tri
Buidbnichean de na " Scoti" a nail a
Eirinn fo thri cheannardaibh agus
jhabh iad conihnuidh ann an Earragh-
ael. IViad na Ciun-fheadhna ud Fear-
ghu9, Aonghus agus Lathurna. Ghabh
Fearghus sealbh air Cinntire, ghlac
Aonghus Eilean He, agus rinn l/athur-
na "reim air an fhearann sin a dh'
ainmicheadh Lathurna as a dheigh fein.
Chaidh Fearghus a chrunadh na Righ
air na " Scott' agua is auu uaithe-san
a thainig a nuas teaghlach rioghail na
h-Alba anna na linnibh an deigh sin.
(Ei leantuinn.) D. 15. B.
Chii'ii uriainn mi ulag ithe 'n an teiiu-
'Snt'idi'adh.
C( mhf hurtachd an duine dhona, duin' tile
•o doiift lis fell).
OISEIN : A < LINN AGUS A
P.HARDACHD.
(air a Li:ANTriXX.)
Tha barantas 'us deavbh-bheachd
againn gun robli bho aimsir fad air
cliùl Inchd-stiuraidh 'us riaghluidh
thairis air na Gaidlieil, da 'n robh iad a»
geilleafhduinn le niòr iriosalachd 'us
urram. B' iad so na Druidhean. Bha.
iad foghluimte ann an scadh ard : bha
iad tileanta ann am feallsanachd agus
coinharridchtp airson an dealas 'us an
duraclid leis an robh iad a' cur an
gnioiiili na seirbhis a bhuineadh doibh.
Cosmhuil re moran de sheana chinnich
na talmhainn, cha b' fhiii Ico am
beachdan no an riaghailtean a sgriob-
adh. Is ann air chuimhne abba gach-
foghluin 'us sgil 'us ealdhainn air an
gleidlieadli 'nam measg, air chor 's gun
gabhadh na h-oigfliir, a dh' fhaodadh
na Druidhoan a roghnuchadh air sgatli
an tapaidh, 's an eireachdais, fichead-
bliadhna nurn ionnsuiclieadh iad tea-
gasgan nan Druidhean nile. Is è cuis
bhronach, mhuladach a tha an so nach
d'fhag d;;oine, aig an robh ughdaras
CO mor agus tighearnas co farsuing, am
beachdan agus an cleachduinuean aos-
mhor fein ann an sgriobhadii. a chum
's gu'ii tairgneadh naginealaich a thain-
ig 'nan deigh, maith 'us bu annachd
uatha ; agus. mar an ceudnt-, gum
bitheadh è comasach dhuinn ceannnrdan
nan Gaidheal ann an samhchair na
slth. agus an conihairleachan ann an
comhraig nan geur lann, a niheas le
solus grianach am briathran fein. Is
ann blio'n bhuidheann chumhachdacli so
a fhuair sinn na facail: " Bliadhna,
Bealtuinn, Samhuinn, Citein ;" agus
tha mi saoiLsinn gu'm bheil FlalJiimtis.
no Jiinis iiaia FlatJi, agus / na freoirie^
(Ifrionn) no I nam fuarfhonn a ruigh-
eachd air an ais gu linn nan Druidhean.
Bha dream eile ann a bha comhar-
raichte 'am measg nan Gaidheal le onoir
'us spt'is, 'us moasalaohd. B' iad so na
Baird. Bha iad na b' isle ann an inbhe
na na Druidhean, gidheadh bha 'n
AN GAIDHEAL.
49
dreuchd a bha iad a' lionadh, urramach,
air chor 's gun robh clann nan treun-
laoich, 's nan sar ghaisgeach 's nan
ceannarclan air am faotainii gu minic
'a uieasg nam filidheau urlablirac)),
ard chainnteach, cheoluihor Ghaidh-
ealach. Dh' fhimiridli na Baird orain
fhada 'us (lain inolaidli an sinnsearan
fein ionn.suchadli gu jjongail, mionaid-
each. Thigeadh è dhoibh a bhi min-
eolach air gacU buaidh a thug agus
gach eucud a rinn, seoid aiumeal an
cinnich fein anns na laithean a dh' aom,
a chum 's gum bitheadh iad comasach
air feachd an dutcha a bhrosnuchadh
agus a mliisneachadh ann an glas-
chiabhan a bhlair agus ann an spairn
nan sleagh. Bha na Baird de gnath a'
cumail cuideachd ris na Gaidheal ann
an tiuscan ciar a' chomhruig, agus a'
doirteadh treoir us treubhantas 'nan
cridheachan le bhi 'seinn ann an rann-
an taitneach gr'inn, gniomljaran mora
nan laoch a dh' fhalbh. Chi sinn, mar
so, nacli b' ann gun aobhar sonruichte
a bha Bardaclul a' sealbhachadh staid
CO proiseil, statail 'am measg nan seana
Gaidheal. Cha robh meadhon eile ann
trid am faodadh an sluagh eolas fhao-
tainn air deanadais euchdach,thuilleach
nam bliadhnachan a dh'eiig ; agus
cha'n ioghnadh ged a mhothuchaidh
gach sonn 'us curaidli anam fein a'
blaitheachadh le eud 'us cruadal,an uair
a bha fuaim nan oran a' gleidheadh
companais riu agus iad ag intreachdu-
inn ann an Cath nan treun. Bha fos,
iarrtuis mòr 'an measg nam Bard le bhi
dichiollach, deothasach, ionad measail
a chosnadh 'am measg nan Druidhean
abha fadaos an ceann fein ann an cumh-
achd. Dh' iraich an da chuideachd
cheanalta. charthannach — na Druidhean
agus na Baird iomadh linn ann an
cairdeas dluth, 's ann an daimh laidir
le cheile ; agus, gini teagamh, feudaidh
sinn achreidsinn nach robh na h-uairean
anaminic anns am fac iad sgiath 'us
sleagh 'uH clogaid 'us cruaidh 'us taifeid
iuthair a' beumadh, a' bristeadh 's a'
ruitli ga siubhlach air machair, 's faiche
an air. Thainig fadheoidh crioch air
an dluiL-v.iijrua,dh so : Sgaoileadh na
ceanglaichean graidh a chum naDruidh-
ean agus na Baird ann an aouachd co
fior agus CO fada ann an AUiainn as a
cheile air a mhodh so :
Bhuinneadh è do na Druidhean
ceannard no ceannfeadhna a thaghadh
a chum's gun treoruicheadh è armailtan
dutcha gu cogadh a chur ann an aghaidh
an naimhdean. B'e ainm an duine a
bha air a roghnuchadh air an doigh so:
Vergobretus no " Fear gu bi-eith." Tha
è air innseadh dhuinn gu'n deachaidh
Tràthal, sar cheannard nan saoi, agus
seanair Fhionnghail, righ Mhoirbheinn
nan gleann, a chur air leth leis na
Druidhean a chum feachd nan Gaidh-
eal a threoirachadh anns a' chomhraig
gharbh a chuir iad an aghiidh nan
Romanach, siol nan coigreach. An
deigh do mhac Threunmhoir nan tor
runn ard, ruaig a chur air naimhdean
nan Gaidheal 's na Feinne, dhiult è a
chumhachd a threigsinn air iarrtui .
nan Druidhean uaibhreach. Rinn
iadsan oidheirp laidir air a chumhachd
a bha aca re linnteai^ co lionndior ais^
air ais ; ach sheas Trathal, b' fhuaimeai
beum air sliabh nam blar, gu dalm.a
dulanach nan aghaidh. Cliaill na
Druidhean coir mar so air seasainii ann
an tir 's an comhairle nan Gaidheal,
agas ghabh iad comhnuifui 'an cos nan
creag 's 'an ionadan foluichte na dutcha.
Cha robh am beusan fann no faoin,
no'n cumhachd failleasach 'an carraicl
nan sgiath, 's air sliabh nan cruach.
" Bi gu sugach, geaninuidh, mochair-
each ;" " thoir umhlachtl 'us aoradhdo'
Dhia;" "Cum thu fein o olc 's o cheilg ;"
'• bi gaisgeil mileanta, curanta ann an
cath nan lann ;" " bitheadh d' anam
'an spionnadh le solas 'nuair dh-eireas
a' chouihstri mun cuairt :"— b' iad so
teagasgan araidh nan Druidhean. Tha
cromleac, clachan sleuchdaidh, clachan
brath 'us cuirn, fathast a' toirt laithean
nan Druidhean a nail ; ach tha cluarain
a' gluasad fo ghaoith mu thiomchioU
nan aitean coinneamh aosda : tha coin-
50
AN GAIDHEAL.
ne:icli ;i' comhdiicliadh nan earn, 'us a'
caoiucaith ann an Talla nan Druidliean,
Dh flialbh iad fein 's gach euclid a linn
iad.
Tliog na Baird re ioniadh linn na
dlieigh so, giith le binneas tlieud agus
sheinn iad ceol uasal nan caoin dlian.
Thainig clarwiich g\i minio a niias on
bballa an nan Cona nan sian, iigus le
'gutbaibb sbfiillsicb i gu gnul na db'
fbalbb, a' togail sauibla nan laocb nacb
robb lag air cbiar am a cbaidb fada
null. Gcd (Ibealuicb na Dniidbean
agus na Baird, cba do lugbdaifb so
meas 'us muivn nan lilidbean.
{Gtc hhi air a leaniuhnt.)
Cona.
NAIDHEACHDAN.
8e ceisd cbumanda am nieasg nan
Gaidheal, gu h-araidb, an Alba ; " t'ia
mar tba 'm barV Cba 'n eil a cbeisd
sin ga cur cbo cuinanda 's an dutbaicb
BO, tba sinn a smuaineacbadb do brigb
's gu ';n bbcil am barr daonan gu matb
agus pailt. Ma tbacbras air uairean
gu 'm bi seorsa^ban dbeitb nacb bi
cho matb, bitbidb an conaidb jjailteas
de ni eigin air dboigb agus nacb bi
cunnart acras f bulang — an ni a tba sinn
a creidBÌnn a db' aobbaraicb a cbeisd
80 CO cumwnta '3 an t-sejinn dutbaicb.
Se 'b doch iad fbaoiglmeacbd 's an dutb-
aicb so, *• Cia mar a tba na Gritt no
Iain A. agus /am Sandfield a faighinn
air adharti" no " Ciod au colfis n tliH
air an fliear ud agus air an fbear ud
eile faigbiiin a steacb do 'n Pbarlamaid
aig an atb am tionail ; agus ciod e
barail nam paipeirean naigbeacbd mu
gacb cuis," &c., àc. Cba 'n eil an
dutbaicb so an earl^sa ri aon seorsa de
bban*, cbo mor 's a tba 'n t-seann dutb-
aicb ; uguB cba 'n eil neart de na tuatb-
anaich fo nibàl. Ma tbeid am buntata
air ais, bitbidb pailteas cruitbneacbd,
coirc no eorna aca. Uime sin cba bbi
iargainn mu 'n cbuis. Tba nise barr
na bliadbna so air a tbional agus a
cbuid mhor dbeitb air a bbualadb, air
feadli Cbanada ; agus 's fbada bbo nacb
robb e na b' fliearr. Cba mbor gu 'n
Tirrainu duinn seorsa ainmeacbadb na's
fbearr na seorsa eile. Tba 'm buntata
gu b-ai-aidb anbarracb matb agus pailt,
agus faodaidb sinn an ni ceudna a radb
mu 'u cbruitbneacbd, eorn' agus cboirc.
Tba 'n Geauibradb a nis air tigbinn
a steacb gu matb ; acb tba side bbri-
agha, tbioram, sbeasgair agaiun fbatb-
asd an (".-inada, cba cbuala sinn acb gle
bbeag de sbne.icbda a bbi air tuitoam
an aite 's am bitb de 'n dutbaicb.
Cba 'n eil sinn a cluintmn naidh-
eachd araidb 's am bitb bbo 'n Gbaidh-
ealtacbd, bbo cbeann gboirid ; tba 'm
barr agus an t-iasgacb air tionndadb a
macb cbo matb, mur eil na's fbearr na
'n abbai.st.
Air an t-seacbdamh latba de 'n mbios
80 cbaidbe, bba teine xiambasacb ann
am baile mor Cbicago, 's na Staidean,
leis an deacbaidb earanu mhor de 'n
bbaile sin a mbilleadb, agus call mor a
dbeanarab air cuid agus beatha dbaoine.
Leis an ùpraid a bha na lorg, tba e
duilicb cunntas cinnteach fbaigbinn air
aireamb nan daoine a cbaidb a dbith
leis an teine bo, — tba cuid ga aireamh
mu 'n cuairt air mila anam. Acb tba
cunntas ciunteacb againn gu 'n deacb-
aidb, mu cbeud mile pearsa fliagail gun
taigb gun flia.sgadb. Tba moran airgid
air a cbur cruinn s' gacb cearna, air son
cobbair leis na daoine bocbd a cbaill an
cuid 's ail dacbaidb leis an teine eagal-
lacb so; agus tlia F,r.in aa ducbàt; uime
Bin nacb bi moran fulaing nam measg.
Tba cunntas againn gu 'm bbeil an
sluagb mar a tba gu sgairteil air toise-
acbadb ri togail a bbaile as ilr.
Tba 'm baile mor beartacb so, a leig-
eadb ris dbuinn cia mai a tba 'n sluagh
agus an dutbaicb a tigbinn air an adb-
art, air an taobb so de 'n fbairge. Cba
'n eil acb nm 'u cuairt air da-fbicbead
bliadbna bbo 'n bba choille a fas gu
reacbdmbor na larack agus gun a
tuineadb ann acb Innseanaicb agus
beatbaicbeau fiadbaich. Aig an am a
cbaidb a losgadb bba e moran na bu
AN GAIDHEAL.
51
niotha na Dun-eideann, le corr a's tri-
cbeud mile a sliluaigh a tuineadh ann,
agus gacii malairt agus obair a dol air
adhaifc da reir.
Bha iiiar an ceudna rnoran theintean
an aiteaclian eile air feadh nan Staidean
air a mhio.s a chaidh seachad, a rinn
call mor air beatlia agus cuid dhaoine.
Se 'n tiormachd neo-cbumanta a bha
air feadk na duthcha, gu h-araidh na
Staidean an lar air an Flioghar so, a
reir coltais, a b' aobhar air a cbuid
mhor do na teintean so.
Tha moran bruidliinn aig an am so
mu aonacliadh a blii air a dheanamh
eadar Eaglaisean Clèireach Chanada,
— an ni a tlia sinne a faicinn ro iom-
chuidh a blii air a dheanamh ; oir cha
'n eil eaglais shuidhichte 's am bith an
Canada a nise ; agus tha gach eaglais a
th' ann sa»r. A thuilleadh air sin
bhiodh an t-aonachadh so feuDiail, aguB
freagarrach air iomadh doigh nach
urrainn, sinn an bo ainmeachadh. Bha
Cleir na Eaglais Saoire cruinn 'b a
bhaile so air toiseach a mhios, agus leis
a cho-dhnnadh gu 's an d' thainig iad,
cha 'n eil teagamh againn nach tig an
gnothaich mu 'n cuairt mar bu choir an
uine ghoirid.
Tha Parlamaid Chuibec air cruin-
neachadh, agus tha Iain Sandfield agus
a chairdean gu coin])(»»chadh a cheile an
Canads, uachdrach air an t-soachdamh
latha de 'u ath mhios, — tha cuid a
gradh nacli bi uiread de chairdean
aige 'b .1 tha e 'n duil, — ach " g© be 'a
fhaida a l)hith«as beo s' e 's motha
chi-"
Bha moran gainne air feadh na
duthcha a thaobh luchd oibreach air a
bhliana so — gu h-araidh luchd-oibreach
fearainn agus roidean-iarainn, agus sear
bhantan taighe. Bha aon duine (Mr,
Willis) a tha aealtuinn as deigh gno-
thuicboan luchd iomruich an Ottawa
ag' innseadh dhuinn gu 'm b' urrainn
easan aiteacban cosnaidh ague tuarasdal
math fhaigbinn do cbòr agus mile.
Tha seirbbesich a faighinn bho dbeich
gu fich«ad dolar anns a mhios agus am
bord, a reir an sgil a bhios aca ail'
obair ; .t,.;.:;-; vlia searl»hantan taighe
air an doigh cheudna a faighinn bho
cheithir gu deich dolar anns a aahios.
DUN BHRUSGRIGH AGUS IAIN
II. EARANN.
Tha na leanaB air tigbinn eadar Iain
agus an Dun cuig bliadbna deug au
deigh a obo-labhairt ran dheireadh a
bha eatorva, agus Iain air falbh ann 'n
Canada :
ARS IAIN.
"Mo mhile faiito ort Dliuin Bhnisgraigh,
'S an thugad tha m' aigne ag' eirigh,
Le d' x-iomhail uaine co lusrach,
Gu cruinn uchJach le 'm feuraibh ;
Tha do chreagan cas gorm-bhan,
Gu corrach fo'rmeil, gu 'n bheud oirr',
A cuniail dion ort mu d' aodann,
'S cha dean aois moran meirg ort.
No siontan bras.
Tha cuig bliadhna deug air dol seachad,
'0 'n rinn mi tagal mu d' chorsan,
Thug thu sgeul dhomh mu'u ghlanuau,
Mu 'n tuath 's mu dhachaidh m' oige ;
Mu dhaoine mi runach Gallta,
Nach tuig ar cainnt no ar comhradh,
'S mu 'n eilean Ileach 's mu 'm chairdean,
Do 'm b' aunsa ghnath bhi 'n comhnuidh,
A measg nan glac."
AN DUN.
"Ciod K so a tha mi cluinntrnn,
No ciod e chaiunt tha 'm chluasan ?
Gu ciunt' cha 'n 'eil mi 'm chadal,
Le srann again 's mi bruadar ;
Air leam gu 'n cuala mi 'n guth so
Gu trie a muigli air mo ghuaillibn,
Ach easan rinn e ar fagail,
'S tliar 'u t-saile mhoir ghluais e.
Gu tir Chuibec.
An tbusu Iain nan cluanach,
A 'a trie thug fuaim air mo chreagan,
Le d' phiob mhoir air do ghualainn,
Toirt sgalan cruaidh as » u f headan ?
Ma 's thu cha 'n aithne dhomh t-aogajg
Tha 'n ad' mhaol sin gad' chleith orm,
'S dosan buis mu d' Hb' uachdrach,
A falach snuadh do dheud shnaighte.
Mar earball cait.
Tha do chota beag cutach
A cumail cruit ort mu d' ghuaiUibh
52
AN GAIDHEAL.
Agiis Imogdise.'in I'unihann.
Le Baiui ga 'u <-ui)wil mu d' .hinachnin :
Mo mliili^ failti; orl "o m' chridln-.
A 'ni blicil do iiilnsii.iiih gnu ii.lmcfidh ?
Iniiili "uiiin ihii tu lain,
'Bhuil d.) .shlniiite gun l.hristeadh
Mac mo chridhc 'l.lia stuamail,
•0 n" dh" Ihag thu'do dl.iithaioh ;
Mar eil eaaii air aoniadh,
Imiis dliomh 's na dean cciltinn,
Gu clcaelidan I'aoiii 's air fas uailihrfuch,
Oir tha mi luantuiiin mo ruin dhuit.
Mar UPaoh gii 'n ratli.'"
'S fbada a fcitlu-amli ri (f sj^'cul mi
Mu'ti tir (.•liciii sill tlia cliiiitracli,
IAIN.
Do 'n ghaidi thu tlactd.
" A righ gur borlul Umiii mar tliarhaii-,
iAIN.
'N am tighinii f;igaRg 's mi Karaifhtf,
'Bheil tliusii a Dlmiu a cur cùl riiiiii,
" Tha mi sliln gu 'ii diar eear onn.
O 'n dli' Oiagnii 'ii 'lutliaicli '« mo iliairdiMi
O ! 's iomadh oiclie 'bha mi liruadar,
An crioc-liaibh fuar na coill arda,
Gu 'u rol>li mi cli-asachd niu d' ghlacaibli,
"S 111,1 '."lirialu' a plosgairt mar b' abliaisl.
Ked'.dnvaganglas."
AN DUN.
" Fhir mo ghraidh gabli mo b-ithsgcul,
Na gabh sprcisg 'chuireas nairo orm,
Ged a blia mi ri gyadas,
Mud ad, mud aodaun 'b mud i'hiasaig ;
Naeh ioiuad uair aim am chabhaig,
Thug mi sgaill<^ag <lo 'm laimh dliuit,
Ach an sin bha iliu d' bliallach,
Gun mhiKjim, gun siiagloinn, gun bluciiriisgai;
'rf do nadur math.
Ach ma tha thu air tionudadh.
Mar a mliuinntir tha straiceil,
Nach fhiu leo comhairl' no barail,
A ghabhail ceait 'o an cairdean ;
Cha 'n ioghnadh loam e ri aithris,
Gu 'm lih«l garraii'h 's an aite sin,
Nach d' Ihuair teagasg nan oigi',
Ma 's iior na sgyoil thig gaoh tiatli, oirun,
A nail le Post."
IAIN.
" Cha 'n eil mi aoii chuid am ghuirach,
No tionndaicht' thaiiis am tlirail dhuibh ;
Mar 's fiosrairh gu math dhuit,
Cha b' e chlcachd mi 'o m' nihathair,
Gc'd tha moral! 's an tir ud,
Nach dean sLiiochdadh do 'n aithiie,
Cha do Icig mi air dichuimhn'.
An teagaisg fhior fhuair mi lamh riut,
'8 mi 'm mhagran beag."
AN DUN,-
" 'a anil If am 's toilliclite ra I'haicinn,
Gu "m bheil do chlcaclidadh mar b' abhaist,
Ged tha il' aogusg a clciili orni,
Gu 'm blicil cneasdachd a' d nadur ;
A nis on thiiig sinn a cheile,
Tionndiiidh fcin, 's taghail lamh rium,
S cha ghair' mi tuilleadh mu il' ada',
Mu d' chota goirid 's mu d' fliin.iaig,
On am bo mach.
'() na dir fliag mi mo dlinthaicii,
Ach bha dciichaiiiiican Uitheil,
A cur ]ihvamh aii mo gliiiui«-.sa ;
Cliaochail 'm athair 's mo mhathoir
'S cliaidh an caiiiinh i'o'ii uir 'uam
An Cill-a-Ifudha nan tolnian,
Measg na marbli nach dean dusgadh,
God ni mi gal."
AN DUN.
" Tha mi I'aiciun gu iior-ghlan,
Measg gach tir agus caiiain
Gu 'm bheil trioblaid a stri riu",
Co dhiu' 's iosal no aird iad ;
'S ma tha mi faotainii na lirinn,
Tha 'u tir sin Iniileach nfo-shiainteil,
Le cuilag 's tiabhrus tha oillteil,
A cumail .sgoinn agus anradh,
Air euid dll so."
IAIN.
" Co, fad 's a's beo an cinne-daona,
Co fad Vs a tha aog aims a nadur,
Na measg bith trioblaid ra fhaotaino,
A chionn tha 'n t-aobhar a glinath leo ;
Tha cuid do dhaoiiie gu spldeil,
A cur sios air an aite ud,
A chionn tha aineolas iuntinn,
Gu rò clùnnteach ga 'n oaradh
Air staidh neo-choart.
Cha 'n eil fiabhrus no critheacli,
A cur tiomachd no ciis oiriin ;
'S ged bhiodh so an car tiotaidh,
Cha 'n eil innealK l:d bius ,wi.i ;
Tha cuideaclnl oigeil 's seannta
Ma ri leaubailih ri niagran
Cur moran bhliadhnachan senchad,
Gu'n chiith, gu'u chasad, gu'n sga'n'eaoh.
Gun ti micas l)riw.
Na toir fearl air gach gMrranli,
A bhios ri gulag 's ri draniidan,
Mu gach beithcach 's cuileag,
A. tharruingcas fuil no ni sr^nntan ;
Ch 'n fheum sinn cumhachd nan ul»j.
No eailleach bhuitseach lis aingidh,
A chum ar teariuulh 'o 'in buillram.
No 'n gob guiuneach tha ainmeil,
Air jiiocadh goirt.
AN GAIDHEAL.
53
Th« 'n tir ud math as,'U8 falainn,
Tha 'n tir ua dachaidh do 'n Ghaidhea],
'S math dhoibh fheiii mar a thachair,
Ged bha carraid car trath orra :
Fhuair iad dai:haidh 's a choille,
Le 'n tuaigh chaiilh taigh rhur 'n aird' leo,
'S shuidh iad sios mar theajjhlaich,
Fo fhàileas chraobh nan dos arda',
Tha aun gn pailt.
Ged tha 'n obair car trom oirre,
'S ann le fonn theid iad uime,
JVIac-talla 'm breislich 's gach torn leo,
Ga fhregairt loni lei.s gach buile ;
Tha fanim faobhar an tuaigliean.
Mar thronipaid bhuadliach cur thuige,
Gil 'm bheiL fasach nan cual chrann.
Air toirt suas do gach duine,
Ni iniitc stad.
Tha 'u euulaidh fhiadhaich air moagladh,
Bha gnath gu socair le 'ii seorsa,
Na daoine niadha ri c.snaieh
A euniail iois air na squa-ibk ;
Tha 'n eili'l luith le ^eur chuiunean,
'S math-ghanihainn dubh le a spogau,
Uile tiainhach gu'n faras,
Air faiciun duine 's na corsan,
Le cranu 'a le beart.
Tha daimh le cuing tbar 'ni muineil
'S fear guthach laiinh riutha a glaodhaich
' Come, jet : ham,' agus tuilleadh
Nacli dean mi thuigsinn mi ri 'ru shaoghal
Tha tcine laidir dubh, lasrach,
A Insgadh gi-ad saiann chraobhan,
'S Gach fear 's aodann 's an deataich,
Le talks bras air gach taobh dheith
'S e paiteach teith.
ladsan uile a tha falainn,
Ged bliios beagan na 'm poca,
Ladsan uile a tha sgairteil,
Gu 'n leisg ag' agaiit a choir oirre ;
Ladsan uile tha ri saothair,
Le maoir 's madai ih ga 'n toireachJ,
Na biodh eagal no cas oirre
Gu iomeachd trath do 'n tir mhor ud,
Le inntinn cheart.
B' fhearr gu 'n robh gach fear teaghlaich.
Th I criornadh raoin aims a Ghaidiiealtachd,
Fo chuibhraach 's chuilbheartaii dhaoiue,
Do 'n (iia 'n caoirich 's 'n spreidh ac' ;
A glanadh fear uinn 's an taobh ud,
'S a geairadh chraobhan '.s gan spealgadh,
A chuni 's gu 'n coisneadh iad saorsaiun,
Nach 'eil ri fhaotainn 'a Albaiaii,
Ged tha i math."'
A rhuin Bhrusgraigh ro ghradhach,
Gu m slàn anus gacli tir iad,
A (.liii'.bhrijQu bhochd de na Gaidheil,
Bha paidheadh mail anus a chrlch so ;
Chaidh cuid dhiubh iomain ail falbh uat,
Ma'- dhiòbh gu margaidh f > chiobair,
'S anns an tir ud fhuair fasgadh
'0 cholg 's bho spraisg an luclid else,
Bha stri ri u creach.
Oakville, May 30, 1S70. J. McC.
ORAN DO CHOMUNN GAIDHEALACR
GHLEANNGARRAIDH, CANADA.
tLE DOMHNULL GRANND.
Gu baile uior na sglreachd so,
Gu 'n d' ghiarr iad gu mo dhinnear mi,
'S ann sin bha 'u coniunn siobhalta.
Bha grinn 's a h-uile doigh. j
ilo bheannachd do u' phairtidh ud, i
Chaidh cruinn aig Alexandria,
Thoirt onair do na Gaidheil, I
'S do Naoiiih Aindra mar bu choir. . j
Bha tineachaii na dutlicha ac' ann,
Domhnullaich 'a Dughallaich,
Granndaich agus Stiubhartaich,
'S clann lonmhuinn mhor an t-Srath.
Bha Mac-a-Phearsain Chlùnai'lh ann,
Bha Cainibealaieh 's clann Uraig ann,
Bha Giiogaraich 'o Iluadh-Shruth ann,
'S daoiue iiaisle 'o chlaiai Mhic-Rath.
Bha Sioaalaioh Srath-ghlais aca,
Bha Mac-Lcoid 's Mac-Artair ann,
Mac-Ille-Mhaoil 's 'n Catanach,
'S na h-Alpanaich bho t-shean.
Bha Frioslaach na b-Airde aca,
'S Mac-Coinnich rnor Chinntaile ac' ann ;
Shuidh Clann-a-Linnean lamh* ria,
'S Mac-IUe-Brà' 's iad sin.
Bha Cainroinich *o Looaidh ann,
Clann-lUe-Iosa a MiVair aun,
Mac-Aoidh 's Mac-an-toisich ann,
'S Mac-Neacail rnor s' a mh c.
Bha Mac-ant-Saoir's Mac-Ludilainn anu,
Mac-Ruairi 's Mac-Bheathain ann,
Fearghusonaich pail teas ann.
'S Mac-Labhrainn, 's Mai^-an-Ab.
'S gann a tha do thlin again,
Na fineachan uile innse' dhuibh,
Ach bruidhnidh siun mu 'ii dinncar,
'S mu 'u a h-uile ni a bh' ac'.
Na 'm faiceadli sibhs' am bord a lih' ann,
Bha turkics air 'n rostadh ann,
Bha muilt-fheoil agus geoidh ac',
'S gu leoir a dh* fheoil a mhart.
Bha cearcan air 'n ctìcaireachd,
Bha haggiei ann bha .sònruichte,
r)4
AN GAIDHEAL.
'S bha miosan be.iga boiilheaeli a nn,
De sheorsachan nic nar.
Bha cofi; agns tea ac',
'A Viha siiicar geal na nihill inntf,
'S bha mnathan oga 's niona^nn,
na shlneaJh gu gach fear.
Se Mac-a-Pbie, a Callasaie..
A rinii au dinnear ainiueil ud,
'S ged chosg i moraii airgid dha,
Gu d'iarbha' bha i math.
'S an fheadhaiuH riiin a chocaircaohd,
Gu 'ill fada bcò bliios iad,
6u'm foghiiadh i do 'n Ghòbhairnair,
Do righ Deors' no da jnhac.
'Nis brui<lhnidli sirin mu 'n òl a bh' ann,
Bha braiindaidh, '.s rum, s" beòr aca,
Bha fion 's gin bbo 'ii Ohiind ae'
'S broinean " mac-nu-brach."
"S e piobaireachd 'u ceòl a bh'anu
Bha toirteaohiui, 'a bh oranan,
Bha 'm presidcnl toirt ordugh dhoibb,
"■ Hurro ! crmc—fill your (jlas$."
Bha deoch sir slainto na Ban'-righ aim,
'S air na jirinimsachan a thainig 'uaip,
Air Craig 's air Domhnull Saiidfield,
'S air a PliarUiiuaid bho 's leith.
Anh .sguiridh mi dheith 'n dan tha so,
'S bruidhnidh mi mu 'n Ghailig ribh,
S innsidh mi mar thaiuig i,
Bho 'n t-im a bh' ann 'o t-shean.
A. thftobh 's i cainnt 's naduraieh,
Gu oranachd '■: gu màranaohd,
Gu 'r b-i a lib' aims an aire ac',
'S aig Adhamh 's aig a bhean.
A cheud fliacal a thuirt Adhamh rithe,
'Nuair ehunnaic e 's a ghaiadh i,
Chaidh e '.s rug' e air laimh oirre,
" 'N thu th' anil a ghraidh na 'm bean."
'6 mor 'n t-aobhar naire dhoibh.
Do })hairt de dhaoine 'n aite so,
Nach iouusuieh iad a Ghailig,
Do 'ri cuid phaisdean 's do 'u euid mhac.
GRAN GAOIL,
I-K SOMUAIKLK CAMSHUuX, E KAINKAOll.
Airfonn " Coire-cheathaich. "
Mi m'Bhuidhc'm' onar, air,tulaich bhoidhich
*S rai gabhail orain, eha teid e learn ;
Mo chridbe 'n còiiaidh mar chloich air moin-
tich,
Ab moran seòil aig air dol gu grùnnd.
Gu grunnd clia teid e gun fhios do 'n Kueaig;
'iS ma ni i rèite but ilieaird a chilis ;
'S iimr taogh i fein mi, giir lei.s an Kug mi,
Le shaigbdibh geura tigh 'nn orm «s ùr.
A shaighdeai) geur' annain taobh ri ehòile,
A dh' fh;ig mi reubta le iumad lot :
Gur tuirse.ieh m' eislein gueh latha 'g eiridli ;
Gur trie mo Iheine co flinch li liSn.
ilar glianitb bho thuatli a thig bharr naa
cuaintean,
A dh' f ha'bhas bhuainne mar chi sibh ceo,
'S e samhladb fhuair mi de ghaol na gruag-
aicb,
A roiiiu mo blmaireadh air iomad seòl.
Ochoin ! a ghruagaich, nach gabh thu trua«
rium ;
Do ghaol a bhuair mi gun fhios do 'nt shloigh.
'S mur faidh mi fuarach bho 'n ghaol so bhuair
mi,
Gu dearbh cha dual domb bhi dvU hcò :
Mo cliridbe luaim-ach gach lath' air huiagau,
Mar Ihuiiig air chuan agus i gun seòl ;
Na tuiiiii le buaircHs ag eiridh suas ri ;
'S luur eirich buaiilb leth' cha teid gu seòr.
Gu seòr cba teid i ; 's gur beag mo speis di,
Mur fiiidh mi 'n Eucag a 's gile dreach,
Do shliosan gle gbeal mar slmeac air gheug-
aibh ;
'S gur tuirseacb ra' eiridh gun laidhe' loat.
Tha m' iniitiun ciaiiail, gach lath' 'g a ri.ibadh,
'S mi 'n toir air t' iarraidh le cogaia clieart.
Do uadur còuard a chlaoidh as m' oig mi ;
'S cha b' e do storas a bh' ann mo bbeachd.
Stftr no feudnil ged 's mor an speis diu,
An dingh clia leir learn a bhi 'g au dith ;
A's Btoc uo airneis chan iad a b' fhoarr learn;
'S cha bhraid na meirl' air am bheil mi 'n ti,
t'ha chrodh air bhuailtibh 's cha ghreigh air
fuaran
A chu'r an buaireas so ann mo chrldh ;
Ach eala bhuaidheach 'a i snamh nan cuain-
tean,
'S mo Ihion mu 'n cuairt di g' a toirt gu tlr.
'S ma 's tusa nn eala tha air a chuan sin,
Gur mise 'nt uan a tha air :iii tràigh,
'S nameangainbhuaidheacli a fJis mu u cuairt
domb,
Mur tuit mi'm buair'air do shoii, a ghraidh;
Cha dlblieil ceille thug miud mo apeis dut ;
'S ma ni thu reite cha deigh dhoniJ! e.
On 's tu mo cheud ghradh, a gun .'hub thu
fein mi.
Gum bi mi eibhinn deth fad mo rhèidh.
Do cbuaeh-fhult boidheach, air dhath an neo-
iiain
'r' 0 fas gu mòthnr 'n a dhualnibh grinn,
'?<? H chi<jbhaii òr-bhuidh mar shitliein eòrna,
Gu bftnn do cbòta bho chill do chiiin, —
Gu lubach, diialach — gu clearcach, cuachach,
A's car mu 'n cuairt anns gach fuilttin mln,
AN GAIDHEAL.
55
'S c h'uiste snas ann an side biiaidheach,
An leadan dualach nach dochainn cir.
Do shlios mar chanach, no breid de 'n anart,
Ko aneac air barraich, gun dol gu làr ;
Do gbruaidh dhearg thana mar chaoran
meangain,
Fo d' sLuil ghorm mheallaich, gun gbiomh,
gnn sgtith.
Tha mais' a' t' aodainn thair clann nan daoine ;
'S e dh' fhag ici daonnan co fad a' d' gliradh ;
Ach thig le d' gbacl, '» thoir e glacaibh 'n
Aoig mi,
Neo db' aiudbeoin dbaoine gum faidh mi bàs.
'S ma gheobbter bà» Iheam air-son do gbrai-
dhse.
Cha bhcag an tàmailt e m' chairdibb mdr,'
'S na craoinn bho 'n d' fbas mi co math ri d'
phairtse
Ged iar thu nàird iad gu niig na meoir.
Bho linn gu linn, iar amacb mo sbinnsre,
'S ma gbeobh thu mlo-mhodh do dhuin' 'nt
shioigb,
Grad cùl do cbinn ris gach geug a chinn diu ;
'S cha robh do thiom dhiu ach gear gu leoir.
'8 ma chumthar bhuam thu le gniomh ant
shluaigh sin,
A thogas tuaileas le cainnt am beòil,
Tha cairdean dileai mu 'n cuairt os n Iseal,
A thcgan mio-thlac, '» nach strioehd do 'n
choir.
Luchd bhreug aa thuaileis do 'n gnàth bhl
buaireadh
Tha m' fhuil air fuathachadh riu, as m' fheoil,
Gum buin an trend ud do Mhamon deisneach,
Le 'u teangaibh èisgeil toirt beum do 'n choir.
Tha naimbdean fallsail, fo sgaile cairdeis,
A togiiil fAnn-»geulau oirn le ohèil',
Luchd mio-iuin teanga a piuca tainge,
A dealbh an ainihlei-t '3 a deanamh bhreug.
Tha ceilg mar Ihòu agua nimh ri òl daidh,
As e an cònaidh gu gearbh 'n am beul.
Luchd dhealbh droch sgeoil buinidh iad de
dhoruinn,
A's iads gu souruicht' bhios deanamh bhreug;
Ma cbi sibh neach bhios a cur ri chèile,
Mar pbioghaid thrcubhaich 's i deanamh nid
Bidh aou a cuartachadh staigh le h-eiginn,
A's aon a nuteacbadh cuairt an nid ; —
Ma thig traoth Ihuaineach thair bharr nan cu-
aiiiteau,
A cbuircas luaegan air meoir a phris ;
Grad Ibalbhaidh uapadh an nead 's a chuair-
teag,
Ab faic an truaighe ci» mdr a nis.
Mar sin, mo bhanndag, na gabhsa anntlachd,
Ged their do chairdean gum bheil mi bochd ;
As tuig Kigh Daibhidh, 's an staid am b'
aird e,
Bhs chridh' gun ailgheas mar neach gun toic
Cha d' fhuair an righ sin ach beag toil-
inntinn
'S a chaithir rhioghail, le raòran sprochd ;
'S ma Iheugh thu m Bioball tha pairt de 'g
innseadh
Gun d' rhoinn e ilseach mar dhuine bochd.
Bha mise a' m' òige car tamull gòrach ;
Nis tha mi deoineacb air cinntinn glic ;
Tha am gu brftn agus am gu solas :
'S e 'n dara seol air 'n do chaochail mia.
Nis glacam sedlta mo rhibheid cheòlar,
On tha mo shòlag a ris air teachd ;
As theid mi chonuidh gu tulaich bhoidhich
'S bidh mi mar smeoraich a seinn gu bcachd.
OKAN DO 'N NIGHINN GHAIDH-
EALAICH.
LB EOOHAN MAO LKOID.
[Bha 'n t-ughdar a lathair aig cuirm araidh,
ann 'm fear de bhailtean mor Shasuinn ; thug
e 'n aire do nighinn a bha ro aluinn, agus
modhail na gluasad, air dhoigh 's gu'n d' thug
i bàrr air each uile. Air dha fhaighinn a
mach gu *m bu Ghaidheal i, rinn e na rainn a
leanas dhi.]
'Se bhi gleiissdh mo chinil air cliii na maiae
Tha ùr bho thalamh na 'm Beanu,
A bheothaich mo fihunnd, '3 dhùraich 'm
aigneadh,
Mar dhriùchd air lusan nan gleann,
A dhaisig dhomh oige, '■ prois is mire,
Cuir orain ruhilis am bhcul ;
A dhusgadh le solas ceòl mo chridhe,
Do 'n òg-bhean 's ceanalt.i hhns.
Do bheatha do 'n tir so, ribhinn bhanoil,
Tha t-iutinn tairis is re,
Do nadur cho ciuin, '9 do ghnuis cho maliail,
Do shuil mar dhearcag an t-sleihh.
Do bhroilleach geal rain, a' side a 'falach,
Tha ligh mar eala air a cbuan,
Do gbruaidh mar 'n ròi '9 boi'cbe gealladh,
'S oigh' 'sa mhaduinn ga bhuain.
Gur fortonach dhà'aan, thàr, na fearaibh,
Do 'n dain am meangan a bhuain
'Nuair bheireadh na prionnsan, 's diucan
fearann
An cruÌQ na 'm faigheadh iad buaidh,
Gu 'm tighinn air baird' a's airde barail.
Air ailleachd pearsa agus suuadh,
Bith' eachdraidh do chliu an cunntas maireaii n
A muim aig deas agus tuath.
0(5
AN GAIDHEAL
CANADA.
(AlK A LKAMTllNN, BHO ('ìlHHÌrtelr iMU
Glcann.)
Tha do dhfhearann fas anns an
duthaich so iiiread "s a ghabliadh ceud
mile pearsa 'n cea'Mi gach bliadliiia fad
leth cheud bliadhiia n teachd, agus 'na
dheigh sill l,liiudh fcarann fd« sinii le cion
dliaoine chum aiteacliaidh. Cba 'n eil
cearn san t-Baoghal d'a bheil iinrich do'ii
Ghaidlieal cho nadurra; cba 'n eil iad a'
dol am iiieasj^ dboiiie borba fiadhaich, ach
am nieasg an hichii-dutbcha fciii, fo iia
h-aoii laghaiina Idia ihairis orra bho 'ii
òige ; tba mfltean roinbpa
mach an lam ban riutha
orra dol a mill, agus
ineadL a
8 a' Bniaideadh
feitbeamh gii
failte sbuilbliL'arra chur orra. Cha 'n eil
teagamh nacb bi 'Ghailig ann an nine
ghoirid air a labbairt ann an Amenca
mu-tbuath lo barraclid dhaoine na th' aim
an Gaidbc:il(;.:cbd na h-Alba. Tha minÌ!!-
teiroan ann tlia 'searnidnachadh na Gailig
— minis+fireaii dilcas teò-cbridheach, du
rachdach ; agus ge goirt Icinn gu laheil
èiginn agus cruaidh-cbas a' bagradh na
Gaidheil bhochda fhuadach o'n dutliaicli
fein, 's oil Icinn nacb robh na niiltean
diubh air an snidheachadh ann an
America, dlv.th d'a cheile, far an suidb-
eadh gach aon fo sg il a chraoibh iigis
fein gun eagal bàirlinn no maoir.
Gun teagamh air bith 'si so an duthaich
a 'b freagaraiche do Ghaidlieil dol, a tha
'cur ronipha tir an athj-aicbean fbagail.
Cha 'n eil cosnaiche slan fallain tlia eolach
air obair, agus tuileach obair a dheanamli,
nach faod fearann saor a bhi aige dba
f^in ann am fiov bbeagn bhliadlniaichean,
agus a bhi cho c(jthroniach, socraeh 's bu
nihiann leis, ged nach robh peighinn air
& Bhiubhal, ma bhcir o'n aire dha fein ;
'a ma tha e glic grunndail, faodaidh e
chur CÙ1 a laimhe an ceanii tri no ceithir
» bhliadhnaichean na chuireas 'na chomaa
aite seasgair fhaotainn da fJiii agus a
radh : "Tha mi nis air mo dbiinan foiu
agus feuch co dhuircrs dheth mi !"
'Se 'n t-am a's fearr gu falbh do
Chuiiada no do chearn air bith ann an
America mu thnath, deireadh an earraich,
agus gun bhi moran na's aninoiche no mu
liithean na Healltuinn. Tha leis a so
ÙÌ!.' acasan tha dol a mach ambarc mu'n
timchioll agns àiteachan freagarach fhaot-
ainn. laduau a bheir beagan airgid irh
tha ilin' aca le dol a mach tràth »»'
bbliadhna air cruineach a chur. tighea*
a thogail agus uidheamaclKiJU agui
foaras-tighe dhcananih, airson a' gheamh-
raidh. Tha tuara»dail ard do ghnàth
airson siralrigan agus dbaoino tha eòlach
air gnothuichean dùthcha ; gheibh iadsau
ceithir d>!ara-deug sa' mliios-os-coann
dcich-puinnd-fbichead shasuanaoli aa'
bbliadhna.
Bu ch6ir dhoibhsan tha 'cur romlipa
fallih, CO beag nitlie 's a 's urraiim iad a
thoirt leo, oir tha cosdas mòr 'na ghiulan
o àite gn àite.
Tha iads^au tha dol thairis do na dùth-
channa sa an cunnart a blii air am meal-
ladh le dauine cealgach sanndach a
choinnicheas iad an dèigh dlioibh 'ruigh-
eachd ; mholamaid dliuibh a bhi 'nan
earalas, agus a chuiinhneachadh gu bheil
luclid-combairleacbadh aig an uach-
dranacbd amis gach ait air an suidh-
eachadh agu"; air am pàigheadh chum
coigrich a stiuradh do gnch àite 's frea-
garafche dhoibh. Faodaidh iad Ian
earsba cliàramh annta so, agus 's e 'n
teuraintoachd a bhi air an comhair-
leachadh ieo, cia dhiubli 's e cosnadh tha
dhith orra no leararin a cheannach
dhoibh fein.
ladsan ait^ nach 'eil airgiod r'a thoirt
leo, ach a tha dol a mach mar luchd-
cosnaidh, chonihairlicheaniaid iad a dh'
fhalbh tràth sa' bbliadhna, a' cheud
chosnadh n.ath athachras orra 'ghabhail,
iad a bhi foighidneach seanmhacli. fuir-
each 'nan luchd-oibre 's 'nan SL^alagan
gus an tuig iad gu mathnàdur an fhuinn,
nàdur na dùthcha 's an doigh a's fearr gu
oinneachadh, agusguàite fliaotainn doibh
fein. Mar thuirt sin a chcana, gheibh
fear-oibre math liddir, ceithir dolara-
deng sa' mldos, agus a bb.)rd ; agus an
ceann tri bliadhna faodaidh e ait' fhaot-
ainn da fi^in.
Tha sinn 'ga fmisea>ri mar fhfrinn gu
gu bheil daoine san duthaich sin aig nach
robh aona pheiglihinn an latha chaidh
iad air tir gun sgoil gun iounsuchadh ;
ach atuma, riagbailteach, soasnihach,
saothaireach, agus ann an ceann tri
bliadhna, aig an robh leth-dusan mart,
mucan, eunlaith agus na h-uile goireas
a b' urrainn doibli i.uTaidh. Ma thograa
duin, air bith an aium iheòraich, bheir
sinn doibh an ainin 's an filoinneadh agus
an t-uit as aii d' fhalbh iad.
(ill bhi air a lei.ntu'rt,r.
AN GAIDHEAL.
57
MES. CAIPTEIN THOMAS.
Cha 'n eil tcagaaih nach faoighnicL
iomuuli neach d' ar luclKl-kughaidli :
" Co i Mrs. Tliomas, no ciod a cbuir a
li-aiutn an eo seach ioraadh bean nasal
eile 's an dutliaicli ?" 'Sann air son
sin a fhreagairt a thoisicli sinne air so
a sgriobliadh, agus tha sinn rù dlinilicb
nach 'eil sinn ach gle chearbac'i air a
shon, a thaobli 's nach eil min eolas
againn air a bhoirinneach nasal chean-
alla so. Cha 'u aithne dhuinn a bheag
mu deimhinn, acli gu 'm blieil sinn a
cluintinn gur bean Caiptein niara i,
agus gu 'm bJjeil i a tuinneadli an Dun-
eidemn. Ach chunnaic ague chuala
sinn mil gnioruhara tiachail ague cao-
iniluieil bho cheann ghoirid, a thaobh
cuidcacliadh agus leasachadli le Gaidheil
bliochd, ni a bhiteas na chuimimea.chan
niaireann dhi ann an cridlie gach
Gaidheil aig am blieil spèis 's am bith
de dliÙLhaicli aithrichean, agus math a
IviclKÌ-aiteachaidh. Tha i nise biio
cheann aireamh bhliadhnachan, air a
chuid mhor d' a tim a chaitheamh a
ceanamh na'a urrainn i air son cor
dhaoin« bochd a Icasaehadh air feadh
na Gaidhealtachd, gu h-araidh 's na
h-eileauan an lar. Chosd i moran de
cuid airgid fhein, agus thionuil moran
airgid bho dhaoine coir eileair son comh-
, nadh ri Gaidheil bhochd a chur do
Chanada agus aiteachan eile 's am biodh
an cor na b' fhearr na bha e 'n duthaich
am breith ; agus tha i fhathasd a lean-
tuinn air an obair cheudna. Cha 'n
eil cairdean de 'n t-seorsa so ach ain-
neamh aig na Gaidheil 's an latha 'n
diugh. Uime sin 's ann le 'r 'n uile
ohridhe a tha sinn a guidhe " buaidh
'us piseacli le Mrs. Caiptein Thomas,
fior bhan'-charaid nan Gaidheal." Inn-
sidh sinn barrachd mu deimhinn an
uine ghoirid.
Clia robh coille riamli gun clirionach.
Cha'n 'eil eadar an t aniadan 's an clnine
•glic, ach gii'n ceil an duine glic a rim agus
gu'n iuuis an t-aniadan o.
COMHAIRLE DO NA GAtDHEIL A THA
F'UIREACH AN ALBAINN.
A chlanna' nan Gaidheal nach tig sibli a nail,
'S na bilhibh iia'r traillean aig garlichean Ghall,
Tha Canada fuisuinn a's beaj-tach uu Ipoir,
'S ma ni sibh ann obair gu'n togai- leibh Ion.
Tocaidh sinn crnin'eaehd ma' ri eorn' agus core,
Peisir '» buntata agus neupan gu pailt ;
Na raeasan is Yioi'CA.e tha na's 'eoir an do ghna
'S cha chnram dodhuine machnniaseiihlaint.
Tha cuid ann's n ait 's thabeartach.'s ciiid bochd
Maralihith'sgn Imlth annsgaihaitcgubeacha ;
Ach esan ni diehioll gn firinncach, <;ò.iri,
Bith' dachaidh 'ua ftit' iiige, 'ri tardach gu'n airo
Se tha i^inn'ag' ionndraln a mhuinntir tha cenrt
Ch I mhisgear no lunndair no fiong -ar gun rath,
Ach daoine tha erunndail le intinneau m;th
Bhi'tilelrB'neach s'n du'ich's 'nsullairgnch car
Tha HiiUtean 's an aite's a th iniga nail,
Giin sgiUinn na 'la poca, bha broiiach 'sian am,
Tim nÌB aca fearainn, 's tha taighean ac' suae,
Eich, crodh aguscaoirich, 's cha 'n fhaoineas 'n
luach.
Tha steidheachd 's 'n dCvthaich'g. 'tha cliùiteach
do 'n t-bluash;
Cha'n 'eil lad ga'n swrath' aig gnrruich dhaoin'
uai«r,
Do 'm feum iad bhl lùbadh mar dhiùidhidh gun
tairbh',
'B an clnigicmB ac' rulfg;te 'n I'lm ciiiine no
iit<jirm.
Cha b' ionann sa n l-ait ud a dli-fhAg ml 'am
dhèidh,—
Tha cuid ae na Galdh«ll mar thraillean gun
fheiim,
Air fsileacl) tha'n clargaich, 's an dàlnteangun
Beinn,
Na"l'harohs'' toirt buadhach, 'e mulr ruadh
thar 'n cinr..
Tha naorchuis 's uabhar 'k truailleachd ro mhor,
M aHjf oiKhreaclian leanilnn, gu tional an oir;
A chost theid an gealltachd, an danntia 'n ar. ol,
K' an iochd'rainairfaontrugun audach gun Ion.
An t-er 'ad cha choi«a aiir 'n dachaidh gu feim;
Do n FhniingnodoLunainn murtjhuiraichgun
leiu;
Ach tillidh ind dhachnidh '■ Bann-tasgaidh*
nan deidh,
'8 na mill theid an Ardach' gu palrt deth chuir
rèidh.
'NamtrHsadhamflUslnblth'ymflladhairtiiatU
'S gu clis raur a, pAidh iad, theld Jiairlinn mu'n
cuHirt,
Na Factors mnr f hìthieha erlomadh na stnuiii*
No loialr nun aomal tha 'n gaol air na h-uain !
A gabhail gach cothram gu solar an on-;
An coir no an euctir an siirf-ldh hheir i-id leo,
Le maolr tha mar mhial-choin, air iallan nan
dorn—
A tlneadh air sgisnihail Rg' iazraidh gu Ion !
Bheir mSsedhuibh comhairl', ma ghabhassibh
riP,
Gnnor'snnnlecalrdpasa thami ga iinse':
"Gach aondenatìaidlieilgn'ndeanndh iad <lea8
'H tighlnn thairisdo Chanada, 's fi,lieibhj?adh lad
meab."
'S mi chunnaic mor chrundal' thai! a'sa bhq<!,
'8 sheas mi air ualribb mor f huachd aguis tea«,
58
AN GAIDHEAL.
»8 lomadach alubnn fada learn f heln,
'8 bii noon! sud ulle sea ch fuireach 's an Eiph't'
Oha 'n ell ml cur tuaileas a siiaa aims an am,
Acli luimidh ml 'a uair ko mu bhos ajjus thall,
'S au t-Hon a bhltlieas grumach 'n dcigh chma
Iliolit do'm raiin,
Duineadh e cliliiaBan 'schabhualrearacheaiin
JHUo thugalbh an aire, garmealladh cha bhl'.
Ma thig no lua dh'f hanas, na coirichibh ml,
Tha culd anna an ait's gun f hardacli gun nl,
Ach '* nil-f borlun mor e, no ol '« milleadh tlm.
Tha sean'-f hooal dlreaeh, 's e flor air a Ihuaid,
"Nach airidh airsochnirami f.-ar nacli cuir Buas,
I.e beaaan de'n docliair, 'sasingbelbhedhuals,
Dha feln 'n dlia ehuld ijliisdean, '.s a bhairlinn
clKi gbluals."
Nl8 sgulrldh ml'm ranndachd, 'h mo pheann
leigidh Rios.
Their culd bhlth's ag' eisdeachd, ri 'm pgeul
''tlia eflor,"
Culd file, "cha'n elsd mi rl bveugan gnu bhrigh,'
Mar »ud i ha na daoine 's an t-saoghal gach linn.
SulHvan, OU. Sept. 1871. 11. McC.
ORAN GAOIL.
r) EOOHAN MAC-COLLA.
Air yoNN — "Mi ri ri 's ho ra il ò, mo nighean
donn is bòidhche."
Co'-SHEIKM.
Thogainn cliù na h-ùr-blieaii mhin
Fhuair 'san R^ilig gaol ni<i chri:
'S beag an t-ioghiiadh tuille 's ni\
Blii bristeadli 'n rridlie 'n tòir oirv'.
'S ìtinn 'all seòmav ceòl nan teud,
'8 binn 'sau fhàs-choiU k\ nan geng ;
'H liinLe na iud iiile 'm beul
Bu mhiann leam fein ])lii pògadh.
Thogainn cliù, àc.
Thug an t-ùr-ro.s, flùr nam bnadh,
A dliath gaolach fein d'a gniaidh ;
'S fide caoin Kubh-craobli nam bruach
A h-anail fhiiair gun I'lifttus.
Tliogainn rìiù, &'•.
'S gcal ail lilidh tini a' Mhliigh,
'S giie no sud ciieas nio ghràidli,
Còmhnuidh chaoin a' cliridhi; bhlàlli,
B'J) 'n tiuadar dh* fliàgadh breòit è.
Thogainn cliù, &i;.
Ciod au stà bid 'cur an guill
Drench a blàth-shnil làn dr. ghaol f
Oha 'n eil aiiil a' cdiahnain Um
Alf;th CO maoth-ghorm bhòidhaicli.
Thogainn cliù, &c.
Cha 'n eil mil an t-aeilleiii chiar
Idir milis làmh r'a bial ;
'S shaoileadh tu gur ann bho 'n ghrixn
A fhuair i fiauih a h-òr-l'halt !
Thogainn cliù, &c.
LITIR BHO ASTRALIA.
Jlaoartair, Astralia,
Ccud Mios, an Fhoghair 14, 1871.
,\ Mhr. Deasaiche, —
Chunnaic mi sealladh de bhu'r paipeir
lunclimhor bho cheann ghoirid, ngus gu cinn-
teacli thug e mor thoil-iiintiiin dhomh ihaicinn
gu 'n robh a leithid ri fhaotainn 's a Ghailig.
(Ill 'm fada beo sibh,agus gu 'm buadhaiclieadh
k'ibh. Faoaaidh mi iimseadh dliuibh gu 'm
Idieil moran Ghaidheal anns na ccavnaibh so
de 'n chrninue. Cha 'n Vdl baile 's fhiach
aiinncacliailh naeh 'eil comunn Gaidhealach
.>-~teidhiiditf ann, air^ou cumail suas luth-
idduasan neo-lochdach nan Gaidheal. Bha
mar 'n ceudna paipeir Gailig againn 'n Tas
nuuiia 's a Iddiadhna, 1857 ; ach bhàsaich e
air a bldiadhna sin fhein. Blia inoraii conn-
.sachaidh eadar na Gaidhcdl agu;; na Goill ann
a Hamilton 's an duthaich so bho cheann
ghoiiid ; agus 'se 'u t-aobhar a bh' aca :—
Mu'n cuairt air 1857, thogadh eaglais eatorra,
air chumhnant gu 'm feumadh am ministeir
ac* a bhith coiuasach air searmonachadh 's
an da cliainnt. Fo 'n chumhnant so, chaidh
an t-urramach Aonghas Domhnullach, a shui-
dheachadh mar mhinisteir thairis air a choi-
thional. Fhuair iad air 'n adhairt gu rèith
car nine ; bha searmoin Ghailig aca 's a
mhaduinn agus searmoin Bheurla 'n deigh
nicadhon latha, gach Sabaid. Dh'eug Mr.
Domhnullach bho cheann ghoirid ; ach greis-
roindi am a bhais, cha robh searmoin Ghailig
aca, ach aon uair 's a mhios ; agus am fear a
thainig na aite clia iearmonaicheadh e dig
idir 's a Gliailig. Chuir na Gaidheil an
aghaidh so, a reir a chumhnant a bha eatorra,
agus scar iad iad fein bho na Goill biiileach.
Tha na Gaidheil a nis air caglaia hr a thogail
dhaibh fhein'a tha na onoir dhaibh, agus tha
iad an drasd a feitheainh ri ministeir a Al--
bainn ; agus ma dheibli iad fear a bhithas
nicasail air a Ihuchd ducha agus 'n canain,
agus na sheirbhiseach dlleas an aobhar an
'I igliearna, clia 'n 'eil teagamh nacli soirbhich
leis.
Creid gu 'r mise le mor mheas,
'Ur seirbhiseach dilea,
Victoria, Australia. D. B.
Thachair do mhiniuteir stblcla, ague
oifigeach òg coinnenchadh, agiia a bhi
'aoanclias ; agU3 mu dheireadh, thanig an
seanchas gu car beag ooimsuchaidh.
Bha'n t-oifigeach agat le feirg; agus mar
thàiiiailt do'n mhinisteir, thuirt e ris —
" Nam biodh do nilii-fhorton orm gu'm
biodh ùmpaidh mic again nach b'lirrainn
ni eile dheanamh, gu cinnteacli dhsanain
ministeir dhe." " Cha robh t'athair-sa.
sa" bharail riut," araa 'n ministeir, gu
socrach.
AN GAIDHEAL.
5»
GEAEAIN.
Chuala sinn bho clieann ghoirid gu
'n d' thainig gearain a nail a' Albainn,
a tliaobh aireamh de Ghaidheil bhoclid
a thainig a nail bho cheann ochd
bliadhna, bho aon de na h-eileanan an
lar, le airgiod iosaid, bho dhaoine nasal
timchioll <ihlaschu agus Dhuneideann,
air chumhnant gu'n cuireadh iad an
t-airgiod air ais gun dail, clio luath 's a
gheibheadh iad e, a chum 's gu 'm
faigheadh daoine bochd eill e, gu
tighinn air an doigh cheudna. Tha na
daoine so a gearain (ged nach eil
teagarah nach d' fhuair na daoine do 'n
tug iad e, an t-airgiod uair 's uair bho
'n thainig iad), nach deach' sgillinn a
chur air ais dheith fliathascl, mar a
gheall iad. Cha 'n eii e furasd dhuinne
a chreidsimi gu 'm bheil facal firinn
ann; uime sin cha'n abair sinn a bheag
niu 'n chuis, gus an lorgaich sinn a
macli gu min e. Ach ma tha a leithid
de dhaoine air tighinn n' ar measg fo
ainm Ghaidheal, a bhioth cionntach air
a leithid, tha sinn an dochas gvx 'n teid
am fuadachadh a mach as an duthaich
gun dail, air neo do n' choille, am measg
nan Innseanach, far 'n ionnsuich iad a
chainnt Innseanach, Fraingis, no canain
eile de 'n t-seoi-sa. Cha bhuin a leithid
idir do Ghaidheil Chanada.
NA TIGHEARNAN GAIDHEA-
LACH.
Tha duine Urramach araidh, nach 'eil
e fhein a tuineadh fada bho sgàil a
" chaisteil mhoir," a sgriobhadh thug-
ainn ; " gun a bhi ri miodal nan
tighearnan Gaidhealach, daoine 's miosa
a tha ri fhaiginn, ifcc." ; a ciallachadh,
a reir coltais, an orain a bha 's a cheud
aireamh de 'n Ghaidheal, do Shir
Seumas Mac-Mhathain. Gu'n a leigeadh
ris CO sgriobh an t-oran sin, tha sinn ag'
aontachadh ris gach facal dheith , a thaobh
molaidh agus geanmath an duine uasail
sin ; agus ged nach eil sinn a tuineadh
■oho faisg air "Imile mor a chaisteal" 's
a thaeasaUjCha 'n aidich sinn idir a bhi
tur aineolach air mar a tha guothuich-
ean a dol air adhairt timchioll air ;
agus 's math dh fhaoidte gu 'm bheil
sinn ann an suidheachadh a cheart cho
math ris fhein gu breith neo-chlaonach.
a tlioirt 's a chuis. Aidicheamid gu
'm bheil cuid de na tighearnan Gaidh-
ealach cho dona 's a dheanadh easan a
mach iad, — an fheirde a chuis am
beagan nach 'eil mar sin a bhi air 'n cur
's an aon phoca riutha 1 'Nuair a
thachras droch dhaoine an-iochdmhor
rinn am measg nan tighearnan Gaidh-
ealach, cha 'n fhaigh iad soradh bho 'n
Ghaidheal so ; agiis an uair a thachras
daoine coir iochdmhor rinn, coltach ri
Sir Seumas MacMhathain, innsidh
sinn e roar 'n ceudna — a dhaindeoin co
chuireadh na aghaidh. 'S math dh'
fhaoidte gu 'm bi tuilleadh againn ri
radh mu 'n chuis so 'n nine ghoirid.
COMUNN GAILIG LHUNAINN.
Se so an diugh da rireamh " Comunn
nam iior Ghaidheal, cia bith co aige tha
'n t-ainm 's ann acasan a tha 'n tairbhe.
Se gu 'n teagamh an diugh an comunn
a 's feumail 's as beothail a bliuineas do
na Gaidheil. Tha criocli araidh aca
's an amharc, se sin a bhi sealtuinn as
deigh gean-math na Gailig, nan
Gaidheal agus na Gaidhealtachd, agus
a reir coltais cha 'n eil a
chriocli sin a dol as an amharc. Cha
mhor gu 'm bheil gluasad a chuala sinn
bho cheann fhada, a thaobh Aird Fhear
Foghlun Gailig, agus nithean eile de 'n.
t-seorsa, nach 'eil a fhreumh ri lor-
gachadh a mach thun a Chomuinn so.
Am measg iomadh ni math eile a
chuala sinn 'uapa bho cheann ghoirid,
tha cunntas gu 'm bheil iad gu minia-
teir Gailig a shuidheachadh an Lunaiun.
A reir a chunntais a tha againn mu
'n deimhinn, tha 'n Comunn a dol
cruinn an Lunainn bho cheann cor 's
deich-bliana thar fhicead ; agus iad gun
allsadh bho 'n uair sin a deanamh na's
urrainn iad, gus na gnothaichean so a
chur air adhairt, "ed nach cluinn sinn
60
AN GAIDHEAL.
a leith uiread mu 'ii deimliinn 'a a
chluiuneas sinn mu iomadli Comiinn
oile imcli eil iin deicbeamh uiread cho
fcumail riutJia, agus sin do bhrigli 's
nach do clirocli iad iad fein mar ghlio-
gaii-cau gun flieum ri crios Dhiuc,
Pliriouusa agus Thighearaan, mar a
liuu morau de chach. Buaidli 's puseach
leotlia, - -'s aun oirrasau da riroamh a
laidlieadh briathran a l)haird clunr's an
aireamh mu dlieircadh de 'n Ghaidheal.
" 'S fior aiiidh air beannnclul nam Uaid,
L)ia,f,'li Choiiuiun nan anniimi lial,
A l.licothaich gnAi eleaclidadli 'lu ,i,'nHtb,
A blia aÌ2 iia Oaidheil riaiiih. "
EACHDRAIDH NA. H-ALBA.
Tba Eftclidraidh na H-Alb* air a
iigrioblixdli aun an Gailig, agus air a
cur K uiacli leis an urramacli Aoughas
Mac CLoinnich. Mholamaid do ar
oairdibli Gaidhealach uile, agus do tr
luehd ducLa leia an ion!ii!uiiiin cainnt
am niatliar agus eachdraidh dutlialch
an ailhrichean an leabhar fhaotainn
agus a leughadh gu curamach duracli-
dacli ; aguR ma ni iad sin geallaidh sinn
dhaibli gum bi tiacli an saoithreach aca.
Le mor dhicliioU chuir an t-ughdar ri
chelle eachdraidh ghrinn ahnasmhor,
fhirinneach, agus chruiunich e moran
ann am beagando euchdaibh uau seann
laoch agus do gbniomharalbh treubh-
antaisgliaisgeach rioghachd iia h-Alba.
Ma tha Gaidheal sam bith loileacli a
blii mion eolacii air eachdraidh a dhu-
ucha cliomhairlicheamaid dha guu dail
an leabliar so a cheannaoh, agu» theid
fcinu an urras nacli gabh e aitlireacLua
ail- Hon «in.
KAILTE NA BAN'-PHRIONNSA.
'Mor tha lios aig ar liichd-leughaidh
cliuii' sinn failLo cho ci'idheil 's a b'
urrainn sinn, air a Bhan'-Phrionnsa.
's a cheud ub-oamh de 'n Gaidlieal.
Bho 'n uair sin, fliuair sinn mu'n cuairt
air (bisan litir Ian de ranndaichean air
" Failt(i na Ban'-Phrionnsa," agus tha
i.\d a tiL'hinn fhathasd. Tlui sinn a
cheart cho dileas, agus cha strioclid sinn
ann andurachddo 'n Bhan'-Plirionnsa',
do neacli 's am bith ; ach an ainm an
aigh, a chairdean, mar tha 'n seann-
fhacal ag' I'adli : " foghnaidh na dh'
flioghnas, ge b' ann de dh' aran 's de
dh' im." A Theagamh nach tuig
inòran de 'r luchd leughaidh an
America, an seaiui-fhacal so ; tha e relr
coltaisa ciaHachadh nach robh 'ii t-aran
's an tim, aig na seann daoine coir cho
pailt 's a tha e aig muinntir Chanada.
FREAGAIRTAN.
Tha siiiii duili'.'li gu 'in fcurn sinn moran de
na I'ha air ullachadh againn air son an air-
eamh so, a i-'hur sentdiad gus an ath aireamh.
jMar fhreagairt do 'n cheisd a tha p;u minig
air fhaoighneachd dhinn : " Am bheil na h-
uachdranaiWi, no neach 's am bith eile a paidh-
cadh fairadh luchd-ii)mruich gu tighiiiu do
C'h.inada ? Iimsidli sinn an so nach eil cho
fad 's aithne dhuinne. Tha uachdrayaibh:
t'haiiada a tuirt seachd fcaraiin saor, agus gach
ruiiilinadh eile 's urrainn iad airsmi dhaoine
boehd, a chuidcaohadh gu dacliaidli a dhean-
amh dhoibh fliein 's an duthaich so. (.'h8'nr>
eil teagamh againn nach luthaigeadh iad 'mar
'n cendiia farradh ilhaoine a pliaidh'adh, ach
eiia 'ii eil e, rèidh dhoibh sin a dheauainh
aig an am so.
-♦-o^.
NITHK NLTADIi AOUS SEAN.
tViMiiAna.T.AN AiTHOiii'ARn. — Eisd I'ium
car tiora bej,g, — cha'n eil sch fior bhdagan-
MSain ri riidh riut — Ubhraidh mi c ann am
facal no dlifk ; ach '% l^n-airidh iad air suim
agiis motliuchadh.
Tha tri nithe anabharraeh feumnil do mhac
an duiiie san t-saoghal — 's iad so, BiADH,
AODACH, agus CADAL. Nam bu inhian leat
do 1ÒU ithe In taitntachas, ;igus bias math a
lihi air, saoitlirii'h chum a chosnadk ; nam bu
mliiaun leat tlarhd h bhiagad ann an aodaeh,
piiigh « muu euir thu iimad e ; agus nam bu
nihiaini lent cadal math fhaotainn, thoirdeagh
choguis leat do d' leaba'dh. Dean na nithe
sr>. agus biilh tu a'd' dhuine rothromach,
snbhach, a thaobh an t-saoghail so, agus a
thaobh an t-saoghail eilc. Ma's niiaim leat a
iliealbbàchadh ann an glòir, lean Esan a
thubhairt, " Is mi.so an t-slighe." Eaib 'na
iobairt-ieite, gluais 'na clieumaiinaib, gr^dh-
i<di e ; agus nn siii-))idh tu sona san t-saogh-
al so, agus aims an t-saoghal a tha ri teachd.
— Cuairtcir nan Glr.ann.
A Ghailio Aoua an P^abhra—- -'S aithno
dlionisa duiiie araidh Gaidhealach 'tha posda
AN GAIDHEAL.
61
ri bean uasal Ghallda. Bithidli an duine so
air uniiibh a seinn dha fheiii vannan dlieth
chainnt mhaithreil. Thuirt a l>heau ris aon
h\ aruidh agiis e ris a ghiiotburb so. " B'-
fliearr leant fein gu'n tugadb tbu tbaiiis a
blii ris a cliainiit mbosaicb sin." Cha robh
sud a cordadb ri ciidhc a (-biiidbeil, agus
'i ann a thuirt a ris fein : " P.beir niise ort
a bhean Ghallda, gu 'n aidicb tbusa air
doigb eile tbaobh irio cbaiimt uasail-sa."
Agiis mar sin, an di'igh dba a freagairt, ag'
radii naih robli luosaiidi 's am bitb co-cbean-
gbailte ris a cbainnt aige-san. Dli' fheoraich
e dlii "An ciiala tbu liamh dad de 'n a
cbainnt Eabhrach, agus ciod e 'm beacbd, a
tb'agad oirrsa ?" " Thoir dlioinb (ais isi')
earann dhi, agus innsidli mi dbnit cia mar
'a eao:nh learn i ?" Cbunncaa a nis gu 'a
robh igu tuiteam annsan rib a sbnidhicbeaiih
air a son ; agus tbug e dbi le guth cbo glan,
's cbo suidbicbtt^ 'sa b'urainn da na briatbran
a leanas :
" Bba mi 'n de 'm Beinn Dorainn,
'S na coir cha robb mi aiueolacb ;
Chunnaic mi na gleanntan,
'S na bcanntan a b' aithne dhomh."
"Sin agad a nis (ars ise) cainnt ris an airidh
cainnt a radh ! " C. D.
A Deanamh a tri as na dha. — Tba e air
titbris air dnine araidb aig nacb robb sgoil,
's am bitb e fbein, gu 'n d' cbuir e mhae do
'r. Chollaisd gu ard fhogliluin a tlioirt da ;
agus air do 'n ghille tigbinn dbachaidb aig
an araidb, dh' fbaoidlinit^h atbair dbeith ngus
iada suidbe gu 'in biadb : " Cia mar a blia e
faigbinn air adbairt sa Cbollaisil, no 'in 1)'
urrmim e dearbhadh 's am bitb a thoirt seacb-
ad air a''d sgolaireacbd, a tbuigcadh daoiiie
gu 'n fliogbluni coltaeb lia fheiu agus ri mlia-
tbair?'(agus ambavus air 'n t-seanii duine nai'h
robb 'ngille a toirt uiread aire do 'n .sgoil 'a
bu clioit ba). Ars an gille 'sesealtuinii mu'n
cnairt da, 's a faiciiin tla thuniiaig rosta air a
bhord : " Nan dearbbainii dbuibb gu 'm Idieil
tri eoin 'n sin an aite na dha a tlia sibhs' a
faicinn, naeh biodh .silib riaraichte ?" " Bhi-
thadh gx 'n teagamh" ars athair. Cbuir an
gille an' s,n a)n do na h-eoiii an (bua taobh ;
•• .sin agad ion," ars esan. " Ceart" ars athair.
Cbuir e 'u sa) na dba maille ri clieile rithisd ;
" Tha dba 'nsin," (ara esan) agus nach e aon
agus a dba a tri: "Se gu'n teagamh ars
athair, 's mati. a fbuaras tliu. Goirid an
deigh sin thoisici.a mhathair air na h-eoin a
rOinn. Chaisg at.air i agradh : " Cha leig
thu.sa leas a bbean dioir na b-enin a roinn,
agus gu'n againn a^di+iiur ; rinn sgolaireacbd
do mliic na h-niread ^n a dh' I'lieum dliuit
mar tha ; bheir mise Iwrn am fear so (agus a
toirt leis 'n dara fear), agl^ hiotli 'm fear beag
sin agad fbein, agus fagan.id an tritbeanih
fear aigesan slàii air son a sgUaireachd. Cha
dh' fheuch an gille 'n doigb cunntaidh so a
a riamh na dheigh timcbioil air a bhord.
DEAS FHKF.AGAIRTAN.
Tha e air aithris gu 'n robb dithis bhrnith-
ran, agus an dara fear da 'm b' ainm Tain no
Eoin fo'n ruaig air son ni eigin a rinn e as an
rathad. Cha robb neach a latbair a dh' aith-
niciieadh e ach a brathair fbein ; agus bba
'm brathair sin air a mhionnacbadli gu 'n a
iiinscadh e air, no gu'n comharraicbeadh e
mach a bhrathair do 'n luchd toraidid nan
tigeadh e 's an rathad. Air dha 'bhrathair
fhaicinn a tarsuinn air falbh ann an eatbar,
sheinn e an rann a leanas ; oir bba e air son_a
mbionnan a choinihlionadb gu 'n a bhrathair
a bhrath : Agus air dhoibhsou smuaineachadh
gu 'u rubh e faici m fhaoileagaii no eoiii eile
de 'n t-seorsa, cha d' chuir iad umhal '.s am
bitb :
" Chi mi e '» cha cheil mi e,
"S air mhile bonn cha blirath me e,
Chi mi Eoin a snamh air sruth,
Sud agaibh e, 's beiribh air. "
Bha duine a bba rò tlieoma air guidheach-
dan a falbh an rotbaid ann 'n carbud. Chnir
cbich a bha 's an rathad, maille air a charbad
aige. Ghlaoth e ri scann duine a bha goirid
uaitbe ; " e thogail na cloiche, 's a tilg<il a
dh' ifrinn." " Cha tilg" ars an seaiin duine,
gii socair. 's e ga togail 's ga tilgeil a leith-
thaobb, "air neo nan tilgeaijh, dh' fhaodadh
i ' hith rithisd na do rathad."
Cha mhio.sa na cuid dbiubli so, am freagairt
a ehnala sinn Dondiiiuil MacR. coir, a toirt do
dhuine araidb, air 'n robh e g' iarraidh " An
Gaidhkai,," a ghabhail airson bliadhna ;
" 'N ann aig ceann na bliadbna(ars an dnine)'
a bhi'tbas e ri vhaidlieadb ? " 'S .mn (ars
DondinuU) aig a cheud cheann dhi."
TOIMHSEACHAIN.
Bha moran thoimhseachain de 'n t-.seorsa
so air feadh na Gaidhealtachd. cuid dhiu' a
bba fior theoma agus thaitneach ; acli ma' ri
iomadh ni eile de 'n t-seorsa tha iad a nis »
doi air chall. Bhiothadh sinn fada 'n romain
ar cairdean aig 'ni bheil cuirnhne air cuid diu'
so na 'n cuireadh iad da 'r n' ionnsuiilb an
an dvasd 's a rithisd iad. Tha sinn a cumail
ua freagairtan do na toimhseachain a leanas
air ais gus an ath aireanih, a chum 's gu 'm
bi tim acasan nach tuala roimh so iad, feuch-
ainn an dean iad a mach na fieagairtan ceart :
1. An rude nach eil. nach robb, 's nach bl ;
Sin do lamb as clii tbu e.
2. Cha mhotha e na graincan eorna,
'S comhdaichidh e bord an righ.
AN GAIDHEAL.
3. Togaiilh 'n leinealih beag na dhorn e
■•^3 S cha tog da dhuiiie dheug le ròp' e,
^.''Diddlfman, daddlpm.in, gille heag dubh,
5?ijTri cliasaii fodha, agus honaid de 'u fhiod'h.
5.£Fear beag sporsail, a falljh na mointeach
Le spuir 's botaiim 's beiil adliaire air.
6. "Chunnaic fear gun suilcan
Ubhlan air a ehraoibli,
t'ha d'tluig e ubhlan di.
'S cha d'fhag e ubhlan oirre."
7. Chi mi, ohi mi fada 'nam,
Tii inilo thai- a chuain,
Fear gun fhuil, gun fiieoil, gun anail,
G imeachd air an talamh bhuan.
8. Chaidh biadh gu dithis.
Gu ecinn Loch Maree ;
Dh'ith am biadh 'n ilithis,
'S thiunig am biadh dhachaidh a ris.
9. Chaidh mi le biadh triur,
A null thar lochan an fheidh,
Dhith am lioadh an triuir
'S thaiuig e dhacliaidh leis fhein.
10. Tha -Mogan mollaeh, mollacli,
Sior .shiubhal a mhonaidh ;
Cha dath gobhair, no caoire.
No dath d'aoine th' air Mogaa niollach.
n. Ceithir na ruith, ceithir air chrith,
Dilhis a coimhead 'n aghaidh 'n adhair,
'S fear eile a g' eigheachd.
12. Bhaduincaraidhairsonfuighinnthairis
air loch ; bha madadh-ruadh, giadh agus adag
eorua aige ri thoirt thairis leis,— dhitheadh
am madadh-ruadh an giadh agus dhitheadh
an giadh an t-eorna, 's bha 'n tuigheam aisig
cho beag 's uach b' urainu e uch aon diubh a
thoirt leis comhladh. Cia mar a fhuair e
thairis iad ?
i;j. AisEAo na.vCeakdan.— Bhaaigsea'nar
cheanlaii, triuir fhear agus 'n truir mhnathan,
ri faighiun thairis air caolas le eathar beag,
nach tugadh leatha aeh dithis comhladh.
JBha na hr ag' iadaeh ri cheile, agus cha 'n
fhaodadh aon de na mnathau do] thairis ach
e fear fhein ; ni mo a dli' fhaodadh i bhi
lathair air taobh seach taobh maille ris na fir
"le, gu 'ii a fear fhein a bhi comhladb rithc
ph' fhaodadh na mnatlian a dhol a null no
nail le cheile, ach gu'u aon de na (ir eih; a
bhi maille riutha. Cia mar a fhuair iad
thairis ?
Frkagairt do na ch.nid tri toimseachain,
a bha 's a clumd aireamh de 'n Gkaidkeal.
1. Bior a chaidh na chois.
2. Da shoitlieach uisgc a bha e giulain.
'i. A bliliadhna, na raitheaii, na seachduin-
ean, na leitlieau, agua na h-uairean.
CUMHA LE MAIGHDION OG UASAL
AIRSON A LEANNAIN, AIR DHA
'BHI 'N TIR CHEIN.
AiK roy^~" Ftar a bhàta."
Luinntag.
Air faill ill Ò ro, '• na ho ro eile,
Air faill ill Ò ro 's na h-òro ^ile.
Air faill ill Ò ro '« na h-6 ro eile,
Tha mise brònach bho Thriell mo cheudghaol.
Cha 'u iognadh mise 'bhi tulrseach bròuach
'S mo Rothach fhin gun 'bhi go a ehomhuuidh,
I'm Baile Dha'idh" toirt iùl do 'n ògradh,
A'a mise 'g acain 'sa sileadh dheòrnn.
Air faill ill Ò ro, Ac.
Tha mise cianail bho thriuU mo ehàr bhuara.
An t-òg-laoch gaisgeant' 'bho math 's n»
blàruibh ;
A liha na fhoghlumnch anns gach cÀnsin,
Bho Bheurla Shaauinn gu Gailig Adhamh.
Air faill ill Ò r6, &c.
Tha mi Ikn airtneal — tha m' aigue eianail,
Mo ehòm ua lasair — le gaol air lionadh ;
Tha gach uair dhomh cho fad ri hliadhna
'S mar d' thig e dhachaidh, bi'dh m' fhalt air
liatha<lh. Air faill ill ò ro, Ac.
Mar gam faiceadh sibh fiadh air mòinteich,
'S e sile fola an d'eise a leòuadh,
Aon bheathach eile eha teid e 'n cor da —
Mar sin tha mise bho thriall an t-oigear !
Air faill ill Ò ro, &c.
Mar gam faiceadh sibh long air cuaintean,
'S na tonnaii beacach a streuji mu 'n uuairt Ji,
A ghaoth a seideadh, 's na spt-urau gruamajli,
Mar sin tha mise bho thriall mo luaidh bhuim.
Air faill ill Ò ro, kc.
A' laidhe 'm anaraoeh, tha mi làu airtneil.
Air uiiigh fhliiir 's beag mo shurd ri ca('al ;
Magheibh mi drub dhethld'dh tu na'm ashng
'S an am dhomh dùsgadh 's tu m' ùrnaigh
mhaduinn. Air faill ill Ò ro, Xc.
Ach bithidh mi fliathast ami an dòclia.s,
Gun tig thu dhachaidh le pailteas stdrais,
Gu Sraid-a-Chaisteilt far 'm beil mi chòmh-
niiidh,
'S guu tig am parson gu grad g'ar pòsadh I
Air faill ill Ò rtk &c.
Et-an. gafrtagairt.
A Shara eudail tha mise brònach
Bho riun mi d' fhigall a reul na-i oighean ;
A.ch th^id mi dhachaidh m'arfoirid beò mi —
'S })' e neamh air thalamh 'blV riutsa pòsadh !
Air faill ill ò-rò, 's na \-o-ro eile,
Air full ill ù-ro, 's nanò-ro eile.
Air faill ill ò-ro, 's nih-Oro eile,
Tha mise brònaeh blodii' fhag mi m' eiteig
.''ILIDII NAM BeANN.
Inbherncis, 1871.
* 'Sa Bbdurlft Da"d'»-ton, bail* b»ag a tU "alg
CfDUipa.
t Sraid-a-Chaiat"! «nn au Inbherneis.
A'N G^IDHEAL. 63
BLAR MAGH LEUNA,
EADAR. CUCHILLINN, FEAE-RIAGHLAIDH EIRINX, A»US SUARAN,
RIGH LOCHLAIN.
Lb Oisein.
Bha Ciichuillinn 'n a fhenr-riaghUidh air Eiresnn, sm feadh 'f a
bha nn righ, Cormac Mac-Airt, 'n a ùifce. Anns an am sin thninig;
Sunran, righ LocliUin, 1« fenchd laidir, nn Pghnidh Eirinn, sgnt
chaidh e air tir f asg air Tur^, fir an robh Cuchnillinn a tuineadh
Chunnacas cabhlach Shn.ira'n roimhe sin, agus chnir Cuchuillinn
fios gu Fionn, air pon conaidh. Ach chaidh Cuchuillinn nn aghaidh
nanLochlannach.mr.s and' thainig Fionn ; aguschatheri Suaranair
Majh-Louna, sn Ulainn.
Mar stoirm fhaoghair 'ruith bho dha bheinn,
Gn cheile ghrad tharrninn na trein ;
Mar shruth laidir cas bho dha chraig,
Ag aomadh 's a taomadh air faich,
Fuaimear, dorcha a's garg 's a bhlàr
Thachair feachd Innis-faiP a's Lhochlain.
Gach ceaimard a spealt-chleas ri sàr,
A's a dhaoine ri Jhàimh a cosgairt.
Bha gach cruaidh a screadan air cruaidh,
Agns clogaidoan shuas 'g an sgoltadh,
Fail a dortadh gii dlùth mu 'n cnairt,
[A's air takimh gu luath a spoltadh.]
Bha taiteid^ a fuaim air min iuthar,
A's gathan a siubhal troi 'n speur,
Sleaghan briste a tiiiteam gun phudhar,
Mar dhealaiii air mulhich ant shlèibh.
Mar onfhaidhean beucach a chuain,
Nuair a ghluaiseas an tonn gu 'h-ard,
Mar an torrunn air cùl nan cruach,
Bha gruaim agus farum a bhlàir.
Ged bhitheadh ceud bard Chormaic ann,
A's an dan a togail a bhlàir,
Cha b' urrainn daidh aithris ach gann
Gach coluinn gun cheann a's gach bàs.
Bu Ihionar bàs fhear agus thriath,
'M i'uil a sgaoileadh air sliabh an air.
Bithibh brònach, a shiol nan dan,
Mu Shithàluinn, ceann nan grabh-thriath,
Agus togsa, Eibhir, t' uchd ban
ÌÌ.VL og Ardan, sàr nan colg fiar. ^
Mar dha eilid thuit iad 's an reidh,
Fo ihaimh Shuarain, treun nan donn sgiath,
Nuah a ghluais e roi mhiltibh le feum,
Amhufl tannas an speur nan nial.
1 I^Tcann. 2 Sreang bogha.
AN GAIDIIEAL.
Fuar thannas a shuidheas an scleò,
A's e sgeadaicht' le ceo hho thuath.
Nu:iii- a dh' aomas am iruivaieli iinch beò
SealJadh bròiu air barniibh nan sluadh.
Nior chadail do Ihamh ri do ihaobh,
A thriath Tunis is caoino sian,"
IJha do Ihann ann an astar nan fnobh,
Mar dhealan a baoills<^etidh air slia])h
Nuair a thuiti^as an slaa<4h anns a glileann,
'S a bhios a^ihaidh nam beann 'n a caoir.*
^N sin shrann an Dubh sroingheal" tharseoid,
'S nhio-h Sith-fada" a bhròzam luil
Lh.iidh <!:ais'4Ìch 'n a dhoi'j:h(' gu leoir,
Mar ehaoille air torr nan tnil,
Nuair ghkiaiseas osag troi 'n Jhraocli,
Giulain tannasan faoiu na h-oich'.
Bi denrach air carrais; nam fiiaim,
Nhiirhean unsal Innis nan Loiur ;
A's ]ùb do g-hnuis aluiiin thair chnan
Thus' a's glaine na I'uath' air torn,
A dh' pireas mall, mòthar suas,
Mar ghath-greine air crui.ich nan tonn.
Oir thuit e ('s 2:rad thuit e) 's a bhlar :
Ata oic^-fhoar do o-hràidh <j;nn taar,
Fo ehonr-lann Chuchnilliim bu shàr —
A dh 'f hà<^ e co ban a's co fuar.
Cha <2:hluais e g-u cruadal gu bràth,
A's cha bhuail e luil ard nan s loi :
Thnit Treunfhi^ar, Ò2; Threunfli.nxr, gu bàs ;
Oigh, chan fhaic thu do ghradh a chaoidh.
Ta mhiolchoin a caoineadh gu trom
Alir bailc nan sonn 's iad mu thaibhs;'
Ta liho'zha gun taifeid 's e lorn ;
Air an tom ta iarum a bhàis.
Mar dh' aomas mile tonn gu trài<ih,*
A ghluais fo Shuaran borb na dàimh*
Mar thach' rcas traigh ri mile tonn,
A thaciiair Eireann 's righ nan long
An sin bha guthan garbh a bhais,
Mcasg toii-m na <iàire-cath a's cruaidh,
* Bha sgiathan 's m lile bi-ist air lar,
A's lann 's j^ach laimh mar dhealan shu^s.
3 'Se 'nt Eilein Sgi;it]ianach a tha c cialltichadh, f^r nn d' n^adh b an do thogadh
Cuchuillinn.
* 'N a laxair tlioin-. 5 Na h-eich aigCncliiiillinn. G Tnblie. 9 >fa coigrich.
V Blia iad a rreidHÌnn, blio slioan, gu.u faiceadb toin, txilee--^ i»*ddi iiiarbh.
8 Tlia 'm fonn ag' atharrauhadh an go.
AN GAIDHEAL.
65
Bha fu;iim a bhlàir bho thaobh gu taobh,
'S an còrai*: beuchdach, creuchdach, teth,
Mar iomacl ord a bualadh. baoth, ^
Bho 'n teallach dhubh-dliearg caoir ma n seaati
Co iad sud air I^euua nan sliabh ?
Co 's duirche, 's is fiadhaiche gruaim ?
Co is cosmhuil ri iiial bn chiàr, . ,, ^
Lann gach triath mar theine air stuaidh ?
Ta bruaillean air aghaidh nan torn,
A's chrith carraiz nan tonn air tràigh !
Co a t' aim ach Suaran nan long,
A's triath Eirinn mn 'm fonnar dain ?
Ta suil' nan slò.z:h ag; amharc claon
Air suinn nach b' fhaoni ag anmadh suas
Ach thnit an oich' air cath r.an laoch,
A's cheil i stri nun saoi gun bhuaidh.
AUl BUAIDH AN T-S()ISaEIL.
Air Fonn — ''Mios Deirimicarh an Flwiihai?:''
Nuair a sheallas mi mn 'n cnairt domh,
Gu 'r mòr namhas cor an t-saoghail,
Nan cadal fo chniiig -Ax Satan,
'S iad a bàsachadh na miltean,
A sahairt air fnil na rèitP,
'S air Mac Dhe gii'n d' rinn iad dimeas,
'Ni chuir ioghantas air aingloan,
A chrochadh ri crann mar iobairt.
Gur mòr a chulaidh smaointoan,
Bhi laicinn dhaoino doanamh tair
Air iobairt PiiioxxsA N.\ Sithe',
Chaidh a dhiteadh n'ar 'aite,
An teaffasg phri^eil thug e leiii dhuinn
Nuair bha Nicod^mus lamh ris,
G-un robh 'n ath-bhreith o'n ^piorad Naomha
Mar tha ghaoth 'n obair nàduir.
So creideamh 'n aghaidh dochais
Thng urram 's gloir do dh'Abram ;
Cha d' chuir e teagamh san sgeul'.
Gum biodh a shliochd marreiiltanair aireamh;
Thug e aoidheachd do na h-aiiiglean,
Mharbh e'm meann a dè'anamh càisg dhoibh,
'S leum a chridhe le aoibhneas
Nuair chual e gu'm biodh oighr' aig Sarah.
Seumas, Eoin agusPeadar,
Bha na 'n seasamh air beinn Thaboir,
Chunnaic iad an sealladh mor ud,
losa comhradh ris na Fairlhean,
])hlutha,ich orra sgaik^ gloirmhor,
Thainig bho na neoil le dearsadh,
66 AN GAIDHEAL.
Chuar iad auth o' na speuraii,
Gu eisdeachd ri ]\Iac a <4-liraidh-san.
Slid an G:ràdh 'tha do-innsoadh
Dh'fhoillsich ail ihirinn dhomhsa :
(Inn d'thaini<:r am Facal cho dioblaidJi
Clmm 's gu'n diteadh iad san fhnoil e,
Umhal do bhas a chroinn-clieusaidh,
Si f hiiil iein a riiin e dhortadh,
'S ire iobairt Captain ar slainnto
Grheibli sinn gras aig; cathair tròcair.
Be 'n t-iongantas da rireadh,
'Ni chaidli inivscadh leis na Faidhran,
G-'un d'thigeadh Mac Dhe do'n t-saoi?hal
Chum an cinne-daon' a thearnadh.
Diomhaireachd mhor na diadhachd
An t-Athair siorvnidli ghabli ar nadur,
Toirt air ais do na ])raighdean.
An ni chaiil iad ann an Adhamh.
Siblise tha g' aideachadh na ilrinn,
Leanibh arii Biobnl mar lochran'
Cumaibh 'ur cridho daonan
Air a ghaol a chaidh thar eolais.
Prtonnsa rioghail theaghlach Dhaibhidh
Gun d'chuireadh gu has 'san f heoil e,
Nuair thi"' e 'rist Bidh 'phobul aoi])hneach,
Bheir na li-ainglean iad na chonihail.
Nuair thig losa leis na h-aingloan,
Rid'h' a naimhdean lb Ian uamhas
Cha robh iad umhal do'n fhirinn
'S ma'n Bhiobal bha iad suarach.
Cluinnidh iad am Bveitheamh gloinnlior,
Toirt seaehad an ordugh bh'uaidh',
" Sgìùrsaidli o iad mar na gobh'raibh,
Gu ionad dorainn is' truaigho."
Sud an la bhios mòr a.oibhneach
Do'n mhuinntir a f'huair trocair,
Cluinnidh iad fuaim na trompaid,
'S theid an dusgadh an cuirp "-hloirmhor ;
Air an cruinneachadh le ainglean,
An trusgan bainnse nan oighean !
Bitbidh iad uile air an crùnadh,
'S inneal ciùil ac' seinn le solas.
Nuair thig Leoghan Og threubh luda,
Chum ar dusgadh as na h-uaighibh,
Ghtnbh sinn pailloanan ùra,
An aite a chuirp bhrùideil thvuailldh.
Cha bhi plan, no smal, no bròn oirn',
Glanaidh o na, dooir 'o r gruaidhibh,
Mach sa steach mar chunnaie Eoin,
Am Baile-Mor nan clachan luachmhor.
TIEI E
SCOTTISH HIGHLANDER,
AN ENGLISH SUPPLEMENT TO "THE GAEL."
A GAELIC MAGAZINE AND MEWEPAPLR PUBLISHED BY^ HIOHOLSON & G0-> TORONTO. OANADA, AIID GLASGOW. SCOTLAND-
THE GAELIC LANGUAGE.
BY P1COF36SOE. JOHN STUART BLACKIE.
The following lecture on the Gaelic
Language was delivered by Professor
Blackie, of Edinburgh, in the New Hall,
Oban, on the 22nd of September last,
under the auspices of the Oban Scientific
and Literary A.ssociation. The subject
was treated in an able and intereeting
manner, as mignt be expected from the
well known attainments of the lecturer
After being introduced, the learned Pro-
fessor spcjke as follows : —
" It is now about forty years sine* Dr.
Prichard, by a work well knt)wn to phi-
lologers, caused the Celtic languages of
Greit Britain, Ireland, and France to be
generally acknowledged as legitimate
branches of the great Aryan family. That
family comprises five great branches,
spread geographically over the globe
from the Ganges to St, Kilda, and from
the Cape Matapan to Iceland — viz. (1)
the Oriental branch, containing Sanscrit,
one of the oldest and most perfect forms
of the family, and Persic : (2) the Greco-
Roman branch, containing the two famous
classical languages, one still alive in a
green old age, and the other surviving
under the modified forms of Italian,
French, and the other Romanesque lan-
guages ; (3) the Teutonic branch, con-
taining a great variety of dialects, from
the extinct Maeso-Gothic to the existing
Norse, German, and-Dutch ; (4) the Sla-
vonic branch, of which Russian, Bohe-
mian, and Polish are the principal varie-
ties; and (5) the Celtic branch, comprising
Gaelic, Irish, Welsh, and Manx, all
spoken languages of the United Kingdom,
and the Armorican dialect spoken by the
peasants in Britanny, the original fathers
of the great Cymric race that at| an early
date peopled the whole of England till it
was driven within the mountain barrier
of Wales by the invasion of the Romans,
and the occupation of the East and South
East districts of Britain by hordes of
Teutonic settlers from Saxony, Denmark
and Norway. All these languages now
stand to one another in the recognized
relation of brothers and sisters ; except
only in so far as secondary languages,
like French and Italian, may rather ba
said to stand in the filial relation to the
paternal Latin from which they sprang.
But as to the five great stocks, though
we may say, on scientific grouitds, that
one of them is more ancient than the
other, in so far as it possesses certain
ancient forms, which in the other branches
have suffered corrupti(jn, I scarcely think
there is any fair ground for »»serting that
one of these groat branchei, as a whole,
is (dder or younger than another. If it
be true, for instance, in one very obvioun
sense that French is younger than Latin,
because it it a recent modification and
corruption of Latin, it is equally true in
the same sense that Gaelic is younger
than Latin ; for the Gaelic athair is just
as manifest a corruption of pater as the
French pere. But though not a few roots
and infectional forms in Gaelic are mani-
fest corruptions from the Latin, this
merely proves that certain classes of
words have undergone a greater amount
of attrition in the Celtic than in the
Roman branch of the original stock ; but
no man, on such grounds, is entitled to
lay down the wholesale proposition that
the language of the modern Highlanders
is a modern language, standing in the
sam.e relation to Latin that French does.
As a whole, Gaelic is no doubt as ancient
as either Greek or Latin ; for history dis-
tinctly testifies that the Celts were one
of the earliest drifts of population that
came from the table lands of Asia to the
68
SUPPLEMENT TO THE GAEL.
West ; and when they came of course
they brouglit their language witli them ;
but beyond this 1 am not prepared to go.
For thongli it may not be dithcult to
point out in tlie existing Celtic dialects
•ome radical vrords from which only de-
rivations exist in Greek and Latin, it
may on the other hand be equally easy to
put one'g finger, in Latin nr Greek, on
certain roots from which the present
Gaelic exliibits oiily a few feeble and
fragmentary remains. Dismissing there-
fore all unanawerable questions to the
comparative antiquity of the different
members of the great Aryan family, we
will proceed to analyse the Gaelic lan-
guage as it actually e.cists, and see of what
materials it is made up. Now in this in-
quiry we are immediately met with a
phenomen<jn which an analogy borrowed
from the rocks at Oban will onahlo us
readily to understand. The beautiful clifl's
which run along the shore of v/h;\t lias
been not unjustly called our "Celtic
Naples" are composed of v/hat geologists
call a cf)nglomerate ; now such a cringlom-
erate, or hotch-potch of various inorganic
elements' is a proper image of the charac-
ter of the English language, and enables
us to understand what the character of
the Gaelic is by tlie law of contraries. If
you know what black is you can amagine
something a3 far removed fromthataspos-
sible, and thi.s will be white. Now (iaelic,
like Greek, Sanscrit, and German, is
not a composite language like Englisli,
but an original language growing out of
its own root ; and the admixture which
it has suffered from without ia not so
much in the way of a vital grafting as of
» mere mechanical accretion. Those who
know German are aware how many words
borrowed from Latin, Greek, and specially
French, are constantly used in the familiar
discourse, as well as in the scientific style
of our trans-Rhenane brethorou ; but
however many theao woi-da may be, Lhey
are still strangers, and are immediately
recogjiizod as auoh. Exactly so with
Gaelic. The British Celts, as a com-
paratibely uncivilised people, have from
the earliest times bean Bubject to various
superior social influences which ha/o left
their most manifest marks in tlie coiuiuon
materials of the spoken language. Some
of thesa materials have been more
thoroughly incorporate! iut) the origiial
mass, BO »8 almost to hive lo^t i.iioir
foreign look ; such, for instance, as eaa-
biiig from episcopus, pcacadh from par.ca-
tìiìit; and not a few others of theologic*-
or ecclesia.stical orgiri. The German lan-
guage notwithstanding its pure Teutonic
type possesses words of a similar charac-
ter su«h as Mancr fvommurna, and ^<ras-
sc from l^liafiim, both indicative of the
social sup! riority of the Romans in the
arts of road-making and building. In an-
alysing the materials of the Gaelic lan-
guage, therefore wc shall in the first place
have to diswmnt all borrowed word.s — ■
that is words cei-tainly, or very probably,
not of tjio original stock, but adopted
from neces.sity or convenience ; and this
adoption, in the case of Gaelic, may have
taken place eitlierfrem heathen Home, or
ecclesiastical Rome, or from Scandinavia
during the four hundred years of the
Norse dominion in Orkney and tlie He-
brides, or again, from Lowland Scotch,
when Scotch was the language of the
Scottish Court and the Scotti-'h gentry,
or finally, from English, when, as now,
English has become the language of all
well educated persons in every part of
the United Kingdom. After these foreign
elements have been carefully stowed away
into a seperate compartment. tliere re-
mains the great mass of original root of
the language, and the derivatives and
compounds which proceed froni them,
just in the same way that branches grow
from a tree, or an apple pie is maile out
of apples. Now, a thoroughly compre-
hensive and exhaustive classification of
these original materials, or radical ele-
ments of the Gaelic tongue, has nut, so
far as I know, as yet been made ; it is,
indeed, no easy matter to do, for in ad-
dition to Latin, Greek, and German,
Sanscrit, Anglo-Saxon, and the Norse,
languages would be iieceasary in some
ca-ies for a strictly scientific conclusion.
But. witliout protending to settle every
curious detail and every slippery relation,
it may be laid down certainly, as the re-
sult of Ebel's researches, that in Gaelic
there is contained a strong original
Litin element, and a Teutonic element
of not much inferior, perhaps of equal,
weight. As the L itin element in Gaelic
is *^hit which will 1)3 recognized by the
greatest nutuber of educ ited persons in
tills country, I will set down here some of
the most striking roots oinmon to Latin
and Gaelic from a list male by myself : —
SUPPLEMENT TO THE (JAEL.
69
Gaelic.
Latin.
Gaelic
Latin
Ach
Ager
Cinn
Gigno
At;us
A.;
Coileach
GalluR
Air
Aro
Coille
Silva
A 11 nil
Aiihelo
Creadh
Cieta
ArMiar
Arviuu
Ciidhe
I'or-dis
Anl
ArJuus
Cu
Can-is
Alhair
PatiT
Cuir
Sero
Ba
Bos
Danili
Dama
Blia
Fui
Deas
Dfxter
Beinn
J'inna
Dia
Dtus
F^iui
FlllKÌllS
Droniii
Dorsum
Biisng
Bus^are
Diir
IJurus
Brathair
Frater
Each
Equus
Bior
Veni
Ear
Kurus
Caivden
Cams
Eadtr
Iiit.r
Ciiluiuan
Coliuiibii
Uiske
Aqua
Ce
<,iui
Eairach
Ver_
CVod
(.'(•do
Easg
I'iscis
Ceil
Cclo
Eil-.-
Alius
These are ouly a few of the most obvious
roots, taken from the first letters of the
alphabet ; a full catalogue of genuine
Latin roots in Gaelic would, I imagine,
certainly amount to about two or three
hundred. But it is not only by the radi-
cal material of Gaelic that its afEnites
are indicated — it is even more visible in
what pliilologers call the formative ma-
chinery of the language ; that is to say
those prefixes or affixes to roots, or mod-
ifications of roots themselves, by conson-
antal or vocalic variation, whicli are used
to mark the relation which one root bears
to another, f>r to itself under a peculiar
aspect. Of this formative part of lan-
guage the flexional terminations, by which
the cases of nouns are designated, as also
the tenses and moods of verbs, are the
most familiar exam])les ; and here we
find in Gaelic a strange mixture of Latin,
Greek, and Teutonic elements. For
wiich the r of the Gaelic passive voice
is most peculiarly and characteristically
Latin, the s of the future indicative, and
the inn of the conditional is as manifestly
Greek. Among the adjectival termina-
tions, ail or eil, as in Icdhail is one of the
n^ost common in Latin ; while the famil-
iar ach is doubtless indentical with the
ic in rhetoric, public, which is both Greet
and Latin. Tn the declension of the sub-
stantives again we find i-emarkable analo-
gies with the German ; viz., the use of 11,
in the plural, and the modification of
the root vowel, which in German is con-
fined to the plural number as in brudtr
br-neder, but in Gaelic denotes also the
oblique cases of the singular as cu coin,
hrog broige, alt, uilt and a host of others.
Into the particuiar laws w ich regulate
the i)assage of a word from Latin in Gae-
lic, or from Gaelic in Latin if that phraise
be prefered , I Cannot here enter. It is
subject Trhich presents some phenomena
extremely interesting to the professional
philologer, but for a popular view of the
general character of the Gaelic tongue
other aspects claim a preferance, some of
which I now proceed to state. 1 will di-
rect attention in the first place to some
characttrif,tic exctllenciesof the Gaelic a*
compared with other languages, and then
to some of its most prominent defects ;
and 1 will then conclude with ecme jrac-
tical remarks on the unwortliy neglect in
which the language has fallen, and the
duty and pleasure of its cultivation. The
firstofthete three excellencies of the Gaelic
has already been alluded to, viz., its or-
iginal andself-formativecharacter. Herein
it poEsesseB a notable fiiperiorify over
aill such mongreal languages as English,
and falls under the same chapter of
praise as Sanscrit, Greek, German, and
Russian. It possesses the character and
l^reEents the aspect of an organic natural
growth, while English is only a mantle of
motley tissue, or a pavement of varioua
colored stones. Thai Gaelic-speaking per-
sons have been largely in the habit of
borrowing from English is only too true,
but in doing so they have acted contrary
to the genius of their own language, which
like Greek, delights in original composi-
tion. So for example, in Rom. xii. 2 the
words " tronsformed" and "renewed,"
are rendered by the genuine Gaelic com-
pounds crnth-afharrachadh, and ath-nua-
dhachadh, words formed exactly fr(}m the
type of <he Greek, from which they are
translated ; whereas the corresponding
English words are formed not out of or-
iginal English roots, but by mere adop-
tion from the Latin. In the same war
the names of animals in Gaelic often dis-
play beautifully the original formative
process by which they were created. Thus »
whale is mucmhara, that is a sea-sow •
and a swallow is gobhlachan-gaoith, i.e .
a bird that sails through the air, plou^hl
ing the breeze with a forked tail ; and so
generally, in Gaelic as in Greek, nameg
are pictures, or, if you please, coins with
the image of superscription visable •
while English words are only counters'
a blank curency without a aignature. A
70
SUPPLEMENT TO THE GAEL.
second beauty of i raelic is its richnoss in
certain deep v^oJic, dipthon^ral, and
liquid Bounds, to -vvhich English is a
stranger. The gioat number of words
spelt with ao and e?t are eiamples of
this ; and the peculiar liquid roll given
to I, and r, and n in many words as in
Uanabh lach, belongs to the same cate-
gory. Among beauties alao must be clas-
sed the delicate nasal sound given to »?»
in many ' words before a and o ; for,
though the American nasality is alniost
always ugly, the Gaelic is only so in the
mouths of extremely coarse and grumpy
persons. The third beauty of the High-
land dialect which I wish to eulogise is
an extremely delicate and fine perception
of euphony generally and particularly,
as marked in the changes produced on the
initial letter of many words, by the as-
similating character of the final letter of
the immediately preceding word to this
catagory belong the remarkable phenom-
ena--so characteristic of the Celtic lan-
guages— of what is called asjnration or
breathing, that is a softening down of
the initial consonant of a word into
a cognate, but more vocal consonant
by the euphonic influence of a
broad final vowel immediately pre-
ceeding ; thus cu a dog, genitive a
choin of the dog, because, whatever the
English may imagine, ch is realy a much
softer sound than k, or hard o. In the
same manner from muileciim a mill, comes
Loch-a-Vuillean, the very pretty name of
a very ugly little loch in this place, where
the initial vi is changed into mh, the En-
glish V, by the melodious contagion of the
proceeding a, the genitive case masoulino
of tlie definite article. So after )/io, do, da,
and a few other monof-yilables with a
long; final vowel. Another very noticea-
ble result of^the fine ouponio instinct in
the (j-aolio is the practice of changing an
initai * into t after a preceeding n ; as in
Mac-an-ts'wir, or Macintyre, "a carjien-
ter'a son," when the t in pronuncitaion
takes the place of the s, plainly from tlie
influence dentonasal n, which is more al-
lied to the dental t than to the sibilant *.
■o much for beaiities. I shall now — as
I mean to be honest — specialize aomti de-
fects, and those very gruiit defects
in the Gaelic dialect. The first is
a lazy habit our Northern islanders and
mountaineers have got into of omitting
their consonants altogether, and in this
way, so to speak, taking the bones out of
the word, and depi'iving it of its pith and
sinew. In this respect it is a curruptfon
of Latin, in many cases even worse than
French ; for our Gaelic neighbourp, for
instance, have only taken the t out of
pater and changed it into ^jot but the
Highlandman in athair which rliey pro-
nounce (tar, haA'e not only lost the initial
p, but drop altogether the aspirated con-
sonant whicli they retin in spelling. And
so in whole hostr of dissyllables and poly-
syllables with dh, bh, or gh, in the mid-
dle, these consonants for any use they
are put to might as well not be there.
No doubt we have examples of this sort
of unhandsome treatment of double con-
sonants in our English words dough,
plough, although, and other such ; but
these cases of English, are few and ex-
ceptional, whereas in Gaelic they are the
rule, and prevail to such an extent as
justly to bring down upon the language
the charge of feebleness and emascula-
tion. Another great \ice of Gaelic is the
monotony of its accent, the habit of ac-
centing words on the penultimate and
ante-penultimate syllables, except only
in such compound words as Ben-
more and Lismore whoso parts retain their
special significance, as contrasltd with
grasmhor sultmhor, and similar com-
pounds ; for it needs assuredly no proof
that monotony is always a blemish, and
that an accent on the final vowel, what the
Greeks call oxyton, is generally eupho-
nious. Again it must be accimnted a
serious blemish in the Gaelic language
that it carries the principle of aspiration
in some canes to such an extent as not
only to soften, b\it altogether to annial-
ate the initial consonant of a -word, (as
when a man's nose is cut off) necessarily
loses its character, and is difficult to re-
cognise. Thus Eoinn Fad, the lowest of
the three heads of Bon More, is pi'o-
nounced Ben At ; and s<), generally the
Aspiration of / into fh is an example of
an addition which not only add.? noth-
ing to the original quantity, but takes
away even that which existed. And lastly,
the rampant luxuriance with whicli the
aspirate ch has iicen allowed to overrun
the Gaelic dictionary must justly bo con-
sidered an a mannerism of the worst kind;
even as it is a grave offence against good
taste and a sign of rhetorical poverity,
when a writer constantly repeats certain
SUPPLEMENT TO THE GAEL.
71
favourite phrases and turns of expression
wliile he systematically ignors the various
other wealth of the language which he
uses.
The practical part of my discourse now
remaines — Why is the Gaelic language eo
much neglected ? Is it worthy of the su-
percilious disregard by which it has been
treated both by learned and unlearned
in this countiy ? There is only one answer
possible to this question; it does not decerre
this treatment; it has been most unfairly
and scurvily treated by all parties. To
the notion, o.ten broached, that it is a
pecularly difficult language no very leri-
OU6 reply is necessary. These tkiags are
altogether relative ; and no doubt Gaelic
M more difficult to «q Englinhmftn who
knows Latin than French, but it is not
more difficult than German. Erery lan-
guage has its own special difficulties ; the dif-
ficulty of the English ia its arbitrary pro-
nunciation ; the difficulty of Gaelic lie*
partly in the law of aspiration — which,
however, depends on fixed principle* —
partly in the strangeness of a great part
of the vocabulary. But these difficulties
are comjjensated by peculiar facilities.
The fleiional terminations of the verb
are remarkably few, when compared with
Latin or Greek; and the remoteness of the
vocabulary is compensated partly by the
aids furishod by comparative philology
partly by the close connection of the Gae-
lic language with the topographical no-
menclature of the country. If any tra-
veller in the Highlands will take the
trouble to inform himself as to the sig-
nificance of the topographical nomencla-
ture with which he coaaes in contact dur-
ing a summer tour of a few weeks, I will
undertake to start him in the study of
Gaelic with a vocabulary of some two or
three hundred roots which are stereotyped
in the external features of the country.
Thus Cruachan, the pural of cntach means
peaks ; and everybody who has travelled
in Argyllshire knows that the beautiful
mountain which bounds Loch Awe on the
north rises with three graceful cones
above the lovely waters of Loch Awe.
But the real reason why Gaelic has been
so much neglected is simply this, that
this language has never occupied a
prominent position in the intellectual,
political, or moral world ; and therefore
people, in the usual superficial fashion,
have presumed that it is not worth look-
ing into. But this way of judging is
anything but philosophical. It is pretty
much as if a botanist should say that a
plant was not worth inspecting because it
never had been cultivated in a botanical
garden or exhibited in a flower show ; the
intellectual, political, or moral prominence
of a language is one thing, its moral and
human interest is another and a very
different thing. A language is interesting,
among other reasons, specially because it
is the key to the life and feelings of an
interesting people ; and that the Gaelic
in this view is oae of the moet interesting
of languages, particulary to those who
inherit the traditions of the British Isles,
there is no need of formally proving.
Persons whose interest in a language con-
sists altogether in the length and breadth
of the bookish matter which it contains
must be looked upon as somewhat pedantic
in their notions. If I study Russian, for
instance, it is not for the sake of reading
Russian books, but for the sake of know-
ing the Russian people. The best books
are only a small fragment of a national
life ; and the permanent human interest
attaching to emy language may often be
in the inverae ratio of the number of
books which it contains. But it is by no
means true that even the bookish record*
of the Celtic languages are so few, or so
devoid of intellectual and moral signi-
ficance, as the worshippers of mere book-
knowledge itriagine. The legendary and
lyrical poetry of the Gaelie language,
if not voluminous, is interesting ; and to
me, certainly, as the purple heather is
more welcome on the Highland brae*
than the English rose, eo at Tyndrum
and Glenorchy the ' ' Ben Dorain " of
Duncan Macintyre is a more congenial
and a more interesting poem to read than
the Odyssey. All poetry, indeed, with a
distinct local character, color, and fra-
grance, such as no one can deny to Ossian
and the Gaelic lyrical poets generally,
has a value on the spot with which nothing
else can compete. When I am at Rome
I endeavour to feel with the Pope, and
live in his sphere of ideas so far as I con-
scientiously can ; when I am in the
Highlands, in the same way, to under-
stand them I must feel and live with the
Highlanders, and this can only be dona
adequately through the medium of the
language in which their traditions are
contained and through which their feelings
72
SEPPLEMEET TO THE GAEL.
are expre33ed. The wholo questicm,
therefore, about the ;Klva,ntnga ami utility
of studyin;^ Gaelic resolvea itself into the
question, whether the Celtic element in
onr historj- and onr existing population
is worth understanding and appreciating
or not ; and this question I answer with-
out the slightest hesitation in the aftirni-
ative. Very true it may he indeed, that
to large portions of the British population
the interest attached t.) the Celtic element
may be so remote as to render any
attention to this laiiguage, in their case,
a waste of labor ; but there are special
classes of the British community by whom
this plea cannot be advanced, and 1 will
now cf)nclude by mentioning distinctly
who they are. In the first place, of
course, there are the clergy and schofil-
masters of those extensive district? of the
Highlands where Gaelic is either the only
or the most familiar language spoken by
the people. Of course 1 assume that in
all Highland schools English should be
taught as an absolutely necessary means
of mere wordly advancement ; but Gaelic
also must be tauglit scientiiically, not
only as the natural organ of all original
healthy culture to a Celtic population,
but as the best means of teaching English
or any other language to such a population.
The mother tongue is, and must always
be, the proper root of all genuine moral
and intellectual growth to every people.
It is the only tongue that is or can be in
the blood and bone, an essential and in-
separate part of the living man. Where
Gaelic is not taught in the schools, it will
be found that neither is English learned
with any efficiency ; it will be learned in
many ca.ses as Latin is, by boys in English
•chools, only for the jmrpose of being
forgotten. And as a matter of fact, I am
afraid, a large proportion of the Highland
populanion cannot i-ead either their
Gaelic or their English Bibles with any
ease or intelligence; and this is one of the
Bad results which lias flowed necess:irily
from the ignorant superciliousness with
whicli a certain class of ])ersons in this
country have been accustomed to look
down on Gaelic and everything Celtic.
It is even maintained that the language
of the Gaels entails barbarism on the
population, and sliould be violently
aboli-shed. To which the idain practical
answer is, that being there onr, fir.st duty
is to use it sympathetically and wisely,
not to attempt, with a foolish and an im-
perious violence, to expel it. Such a
policymiijhtsuitwell the Paissiah autocrat
in dealing with clic Polisli pcoide, but
certainly docs not harmonize with the
free atmosphere vvhicli we breathe in thii
country. The Caelic language will die,
no doubt, like other mortal things in due
season ; but while it lives it has its rights,
and should be treated in a rational,
gentlemanly, liberal. Christian fashion.
Whatever m vy belts inferior social posi-
tion in reference to English, the rule of
Christian philanthropy leads us to conde-
send to men of low estate not to ride
rougK over them. The second class of
persons from whom a little attenti^ n to
the Gaelic language might naturally be
expected are landed proprietors, factors,
sheriifs, and all pers-uis whose position
in society leads them into "frequent inter-
course with the Gaelic-speaking natives.
A sheriff sitting on a jury case at Storno-
way or Tobermory would command much
more respect, and feel much more inde-
pendent, if he could take up the evidence
of witnesses directly from their own
mouths instead of through the medium
of an interpreter. But if the head in
such and siinular cases can always be
reached through the medium of English
the heart of a Gaelic-speak uig people can
only be entered through the medium of
their own language ; all those therefore
whose position leads them to cultivate
the people shcnild cultivate their language.
It is 'a sort of politeness, indeed, which
all foreigners owe to the natives of a
country in which the sojourn that they
should take some trouble to learn thoir
language ; and allpersims of Saxon blood
and tongue are strangers in the midst of
a Celtic popul.'ition. And iinally consider-
ing both the philological characteristics of
tjie Gaelic language and the number of
Gnelic-spcaking students who attend our
colleges and uppur schools, it appears to
me that a special obligation lies on tha
professors of languages in our high schools
and c )llego3 to acc^uiro some familiarity
with the j)hysiognomy so to speak, and
the physiology of the Celtic dialects spok-
en and written in the British isles. For
the purposes of comparitive philology — a
science which no univei-sity can now ne-
glect—a wide and various ediication is
indespensiblc ; and it is surely the height
of folly in academical men to travel to
SUPrLEMENT TO THE GAEL.
the months of the Ganges for illustrations
of linguistic phenomena, which can be
found not less strikingly displayed on
the banks of sny Highland burn. Prof-
essors of Greek and Latin in Scotlaml
ought besides to consider that the an-
alogies of Gaelic to the classical Celtic
Irnguages when scientifically pointed out
may prove an engine of the utmost value
in facilitating to Gaelic students the
scholarly acquisition of those languages ;
and in this view it cannot but be noted
as the sad symptom of the constitutional
disease of a vulgar utilitarianism in the
British mind, and that there does not
exist a professor of the Celtic languages
in any English or Scotch university.
Such a glaring deficiency under similar
circumstances would not for a moment
be tolerated by the enlightned Govern-
ment of the King of Prussia, or any less
notable sovereign in intellectual Germany
To conclude, though I certainly am of
opinion that we arc all very much to
blame for the superficial supercili.nisness
with which wo have looked down upon
the language spoken by the inhabitants
of our romantic Highland glens, it ap-
pears to me that a special guilt has l)een
incurred by the Gaelic people themselves.
Except in conversation .among themselves
and in pulpit addresses the language of
our Highland glens is never known ; no
shop shows shows a Gaelic sign, no shop
window a Gaelic advertisement, not even
a gravestone in a country churchjard
shows a Gaelic epitaph. This is a sort
of literary suicide wliich the Scottish
Gaels — in this deviating from the laud-
able use of their Welsh cousins — have
commited on themselves, and which can
be laid to the door of no Sassenach.
Though tendered by an evil spirit, it is
at bottom a good advice which Mephis-
topholes gives to the medical student in
Faust "Believe in yourself and the world
will believe in you. " And if the Gaelic
people systematically abstain from put-
ting themselves forward in the world of
printed of printed paper, which is the
bearer of our modern civilisation, they
have themselves to blame, if with the
great mass of floating observers they pjvss
for barV>arian3. Men are, is for the most
part, too busy and too indifTerent to em-
ploy themselves in dragging into notice
persons who skulk in corners, rnd hide
their light at the end o^ a long dark cava
where no man can see it."
np:ws of the highlands and
ISLANDS.
ÌTÌsre;iortci],:i]ii:;u.'iitlyoiigood*anthorit3v
that the yist iliglilaiiilfrs am io discanl the
trews, and to wear boiinetsaiid kilts in futuie.
Lewis— Angus McAskell, beloiigiii!,' to
Slnider, Lewi.'*, was ì.iteìy drowned in Storno
way, while returning from attending a funeral"
Thk GiiEKNocK FiiEK Gaelic Chukoh.—
The Rev. Colin Sinclair, of Invergordon, has
received a call from the Fne Gì;
tioii of Greenock.
■ aeiie congrega-
I.SLANT) OF nPAllXAKAY.— This lieautiful
little island famed for the bloody massacre of
the Blacieods by one of the Ciau Liiu of Ard-
i.aniurchan, and his fifteen sons, some three
hundred years ago, has been .sold, it is said to
feirJohnOrd, Bart., of Kihnory.
The Flora Macuonai-d Memorial. — The
memorial to Flora Macdonald, designed by
Mr. Koss.Archetect, Inverness, is now fiiushed,
and was shipied October 18tli, to its destina-
tion in tlie Chm-ch-yard of the Parish of Kil-
nniir, Skye. The monument is said to bo
somewhat in the form of an lona Cros.s, and
is admired Ijy all who have seen it for its sim-
ple tlignity and fine proportions.
The Gaelic Society of Inverness.— This
Society, quite recently formed, appears to be
going to work in earne.st. The inaugural ad-
dress was delivered by the Rev. Mr. Macken-
zie, of t'ilmoracl;, on Tlmrsday, the 18tli Oct.
(Jluny Macpherson has signilied his intention
of becoming a lile member of the Society— an
example which we ho|.e will be. followed by
many otlier Highland Chiefs and gentlemen..
Estate of Harius.— It is stated that the
Earl of Diinmore has jiarted with North Har-
ris, which comprises the fine deer forests of
Fincastle and Ardvourlie, several good fishing
lakes, and riveis, and the little village of Tar-
ber. A corresi)ondent says that the. purchas-
er is a London gentleman, Mr. Scott, Banker,
Neptiew of Sir Claude Edward Scott, county
of Dorset. The purchase j)rice is differentlT
stated at £130,000 or £155,000, either being
a large enough sum.
Encouragement to Ragpipe-Playing.—
In connection with the recent games under
the auspices of the Braem^ir Royal Highland
Society, the Highland Society of London,
through Her Majesty's jiiper, Mr. Ross, Bal-
moral Castle, has handed a don tion of £10
sterling, to be applied in such a manner as
the management comndttee deems proper for
the improvement of bag-pipe music. This
very libeial donation, which we understand
will very ])robably be continued annually, will
be awarded in prizes to successful youthful
74
vSUPPLEMENT TO THE GAEL.
aspirants in the art, at the Braeniar Games
each year. It may be added, however, that
the winners of cliani)iiou gohl medals and
competitQ*s ahove tliirty years of age will he
excluded from participating in the competi-
tion, as the olijcct is for the encouragment of
young musicians.
ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS.
Owing to the large space taken up hy Prof.
Blackie's able lecture on the Gaelic language,
we are compelled to .leave out most of the
answers to our correspondents, and other mat-
ter which wc had prepared for this number of
The Gael.
J. McK., Glencoe, Ont. — Your enquiries
regarding Pipe music were answered in our
last.
A. M. G., Fort William, Scotland.— A few
of the por^ms of ^John Jlorrison, of Harris,
were published in Can;ida a few years ago,
but the book is now very scarce, only a copy
to be met with now and again in second-
hand hook stores.
H. McK., Prince Edward Island. — We are
not aware that Mary McLcod — Nighean Al-
asdair Riuiidh's poems were ever published
in a seiiarate volume : most of them have
been printed in different collections.
J. L. C, Glasgow, Scorland, wishes to
know if there are any newspapers in Canada
that make the Gai^lic a regular feature except
The Gael, and The Canada .'Scotsman, as he
had heard that there were some ? We are
sorry to inform him that, at present, there
are not ; there are several newspapers pub-
lished in Gaelic-speaking districts, that pub-
lish an occasional piece. The Brace Reporter,
published at Kincardine, appeared to have
made that quite a regular feature at one time,
but now it has dropped down like many other
papers (and we might say indiviiiuals) to an
appeal at election times — it ajipears to be then
considered useful. But now that our re-
spected confrere, Thomas Robik, Esq., late
of the Scotsman, has taken charge of that
paper, we hope to see the Gaelic department
revived.
PHILOLOGICAL ENQUIRIES.
GAELIC WORDS REFERRED TO THEIR ROOTS.
There are few studies more pleasant than
that in which the words of any language are
traced to their original roots, and the Gaelic
reader will doubtless be pleased to observe the
following terms of liis native tongue thus
explained :
BUACHAiLL, a shepherd. This word comes
from bo and gille, and literally means a
*'lad for cows."
Meur, a finger, is from mlr, a piece, and has
reference to the fingers, as division* of
the hand.
Baine, milk, is from ban, white, which latter
Gaelic word is related to the French, bon ;
Scotch, bonnie ; and Latin, benua.
Gealach, moon, is from ^caì, white ; and
th(! Latin luna is of similar origin.
MiN, flour, is from mhi, fine.
Bar, crop, is connected with a word which
apfiears in Gaelic as beir, in English as
bear, and in Latin as /*ro. Its literal
lui'aiiing is, therefore, that which the
earth bears.
Aotuoman, a bladder, is from aotrorn, light.
Bakajk, c wedding is made up of ktan, a wife,
and feisd, a feast.
Seangan, ant, is derived from seang, slender,
and is so called from its .slender waist.
Gldin, a knee, seems connected with elaon,
Latin, clino, to bend. 0. M. R.
A«ENT« FOE TEE GAEL.
CANADA.
PROVINCE OF ONTARIO.
Durham Finlay McRae, Esq.
Sullivan H. McCorkindale, Esq.
Willianistown D. F. Maclennan, Esq.
Balmer's Island Allan Stewart, Esq.
South Finch Finlay McNaughton.
Rothsay Hugh Chisholm, Esq.
PROVINCE OF QUEBEC.
Lingwick D. McRae, Esq.
Stornoway, Winslow D. Guun, Esq.
Lake Megantic J. B. McDonald.
PROVINCE OF NEW BRUNSWICK.
Dalhousie, Black Sand. Donald McMillan, Esq.
PROVINCE OF MANITOBA (RED RIVER).
Lower Fort Garry.... Duncan McDonald, Esq.
PROVINCE OF NOVA SCOTIA.
Springville, Pictou.. Duncan McDonald, Esq_
River Dinni.s, C. BA. McEachren, Esq^
PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND.
Charlottetown ..John McNeil, Esq.
Orwell William McPhail, Esq.
Wood Island John McDonald, Teacher.
UNITED STATES.
Lake Linden, Mich John McPhail, Esq.
Chicago, III Mr. MoPherson, Druggist.
Lumberton, N. C Hon. Jame.s Sinclair.
SCOTLAND.
Edinburgh Maclachlan & Stewart
Invernes;; John Noble, Esq.
Tullypowrie P. McNaughton, Esq.
Ledaig John Campbell, Esq.
AUSTRALIA.
Macavther, Victoria Donald Beaton, Esq.
NEW ZEALAND.
Invercargill, Southland. ...John Waldie, Esq.
I. Leabh.]
DARA MIOS AN T-SAMHRAIDH, 1872.
[4 Air.
RUN AR TURUIS.
A meadhon seann dachaidh nan
Albannach tha "An Gàidheal" as iir
a' cur failte le cridhe gràdhach agus
taingeil air a luchd-diithcha air fad
agus air leud cuairt a' chruinne gu
h-iomlan. Anns na suidheacliaidhibh
lira agus eugs-amhuil, anns am blieil e
'g a fhaotainn ièìn ni 's freagarraiche, is
e a run gu 'm faigh e eòlas maireannach
air na Gàidheil gu lèir. Tha e air
'uidheamachadli a mach fo stiiiradh,
chuideachadh, agus theagasg nan sgoil-
eirean Gàilig is nan uaislean tàlanntach
Gàidhealach a's feàrr aig an tigh agus
thairis. Is ann chum na criche so a
shocruich e fa dheòidh ann an Albainn.
Fo a' leithid so do riaghladh tha e ann
an diiil gu 'm bi 'eideadh, a mhodh
labhairt, agus na chanas e, taitneach,
agus neo-oilbheumach do gach neach.
Mu nacLiisibh so bithidh e lo-thoilichte
èisdeachd gu smuainteachail 'sle aire
ri beachdaibh muinntir 's am bith.
Mar tha air fhilleadh auns na thubh-
airteadh cheana'se Run Turuis "A'
Ghàidheil" gach fear d' a ainm fhios-
rachadh a mach, chum 's gu 'n taoghail
e air gach mios le 'chuid naigheachd,
le 'sgeulaibh, le eachdraidh an t-saogh-
ail, le seisdibh ceòlmhor bhàrdan ar
linn, maille ri iomadh focal teagaisg
mhaith eile. Tha e dearbhta gu 'm
faigh e cuireadh is failte chridheil aig
gach dorus air son a shaothrach oidh-
eirpich. Agus ann an so tha e 'g iarr-
uidh a bhi ag aideachadh le aigneadh
ro-thaingeil mend na comain fo'm
bheil e do mhòran air son am briathran
misneachaidh, agus an cuideachaidh
air iomadh dòigh. 0 so a mach tha e
suidhichte air a chairdean a ruigsinn
gach mios gun bhriseadh. 'S ann le
siiil gu'm biodh "An Gàidheal" ni'bu
choimhlionta, agus gu 'm mealladh e
saoghal fada a cheadaicheadh na bris-
idhean a thachair roimhe so. A nis le
clannaibh nan Gaidheal ri guailnibh a
chèile bithidh e air a ghiiilan air agh-
aidh gu buadhach !
Tha e soilleir agus fiosrach do na
Gaidheil iad fèin, ni a dh' aidicheas iad
gusaor, gu'm feum a' chuid dhiubh
nach tuig Beurla gu h-iomlan a bhi
car math air dheireadh air a* mhuinntir
ud a tha a' sealbhachadh comais air
paipeiribh naigheachd a leughadh anns
am faighear eachdraidh an t-saoghail
le 'dheanadasaibh mora, iongantach,
maille ri iomadh teagasg feumail eile.
'S e ar rim-ne gu 'm biodh an Gaidheal
air a chur ann an cor co-ionnan ris a'
Ghall anns a' chuis so. Bheir sinn
geàrr-chunntas air gach ni cudthromach
a bhios a' gabhail àite feadh nan riogh-
achdan gach mios maille ri geàrr-sgeul
cinnteach air a Ghàidhealtachd 'sair
na h-Eileanaibh. Bithidh againn mar
an ceudna geàrr-sgrìobhaidhean luach-
mhor, brighmhor, agus teagasgail, air
ciiisibh feumail, diomhair, le fòghlum-
aichibh treuna, aithnichte, à measg
nan Gaidheal 's gach àite. 'S cha dear-
maid sinn a ghnath focal maith freag-
arrach, agus solusach a bhi againn air
eachdraidh, sgeulaibh, agus cleachd-
uinnibh taitneach nan Gaidheal a bh'
ann re "am o aois," — ar sinusreachd
ainmeil a dh' fhalbh — a chum 's gu 'm
biodh an gniomharan euchdail agus an
gnathan subhailceach a' toirt aoibhneis
do ar cridheachaibh agus 'gar misneach-
adh-ne gu nithibh co-ionnan a chur an
cleachdadh. Ni mo a ni sinn dearmad
76
AN GAIDHEAL.
Dara Mlosan t-Samhraidh.
air cruinneacliadh as gach ceàrn a
h-uile dan, raim, is focal-geòire fiachail
chum an tasgaidh air son linntean eile.
Ged nach biodh na criochan feumail,
cleachdail so idir air an cur romhainn,
cha bliiodh e ach 'na dhleasdanas
macail do ar dutliaich, do ar cànain
'sd'a h-aois, do ar n-aithricliibli treuna
leis an robh i air a labhairt y6 mhiltibb
bhliadhnachan, gu 'n deanadh sinu
oidlieirp dbuineil air ar càinnt a clium-
ail air cliuimhue air chor agus nacli
biodh ar dearmad suarach-ne "air an
teanga, bhrighmhor, bhlasda, bhinn"
'n a aobhar spòrsa agus tarcuis aig na
Goill ni 's faide.
A chum agus gu 'n dean sinn seas-
amhmaireann,daingeann,agusèifeachd-
ach an aghaidh nan sruthan tarsuinn
so, feumaidh na Gàidheil gu leir aon-
adh, seasamli taobh ri taobh, a dhion
an tire, an cinnidh, an canain, agus
gach urraim a bhuineas dhoibh fa leth,
nithe mu 'm bheil Gàidheil anns gacli
àite agus diithaich aon-sgeulach. Na
nithe tearc' mu nach 'eil iad aon-
sgeulach fagaidh sinn aig a' ghinealach
a thig 'n ar dèigh, ach cha'n ann air
duilleagaibh "A' Ghàidheil." 'J^ha an
raon coitchionn air am feud sinn uile
còrdadh farsuing gu leòir.
'N uair a tha sinn a' stri mar so ris a'
Charbh a sheachnadh gu sàbhailte, tha
sinn dòchasach gu 'n gk'idh sinn mar
an ceudna o chunnart Coire-bhreacain,
— gu 'n gleidh sinn ar seasamh gu
daingeann air bonn f'lrinn, ceartais,
agus (h'agh blieus. Anns na ciiisibh
so gheibliear sinn a ghnàth do-glidill-
eachduinn. Air dhuinn ar coslas, agus
ar gnc mar so innseadh gu h-aitbghearr,
feudaidli sinn stad aig an am so le ar
run no ar diiil atli-ainmeachadh, gu 'm
faigh ar Leabhran fàilte, dlieth nacli
gabhar aithreachas, feadh iomadh
chriochan na Gàilig feadh an t-saogh-
ail; gu 'm hi e 'na chuideachd thait-
nich do gach seòrsa de ar co-Gliàidheil
anns gach cor; agus gu'n dean e iad
comasach air a bhi ni 's fheumaile
dhoibh fdin, d' an cloinn, d' an càird-
ibh, d' an co-chreutairibh ; d' an riogh-
achd, do 'n t-saoghal, agus d' an Dia !
MU NA SEANN GHAIDHEIL.
IV.
B' iad na Picti no na Caledonaich
Ghàidhealach luchd-àiteachaidh taobh
tuath Albainn air tiis; ach mu'n
bhliadhna a.d. 506 thàinig sluagh
Gaidhealach eile a nail à h-Eirinn
d' am b' ainm Scott no na Scùitlch a
ghabh tàmh an taobh deas Siorramachd
Earraghaidheil. B' iad na h-aitean
anns an d'rinn iad tuineachas Còmhall,
Cinntire, Cnapadal, Earraghàidheal,
Latharna agus pairt de 'n Mharbhairn,
maille ri Eilean He, Arainn, I-challum-
chille agus eileauaibh beaga eile mu 'u
cuairt doibh sin. A.nns a' chuid eile
de 'n Ghaidhealtachd bha na Picti a
chòmhnuidh, oir b' iad ceud luchd-
aiteachaidh Albainn. Bha an ceann-
bhaile aca so fagus air Dhnchailean
no Peart, agus b 'i a' chrioch eadar
iad fèin agus na Scoti na beanntau
àrda sin a tha eadar siorramachd
Pheairt agus siorramachdEarra-ghàidh-
eil ris an abrar Drnim-Albainn. Tha
e coltach gu 'n robh an Da fhine
Ghhidhealach so a'deanamhsuas luchd-
àiteachaidh Eirinn agus Albainn o 'n
fhior-tlioiseach, agus gu 'm b' iad na
Pictich, ris an abair na seanachaidhean
Eirionnach Crnitlinich, anceuddhream
a ghabh còmhnuidh anns an da dhhth-
aich. Ciod 's am bith fri-dhealachadh
a bha eatorra tha e coltach nach robh
annta ach da threubh de 'n aou
t-sluagh, d;\ theaghlach de 'n aon
chinneadli, aig an robh na h-aon
ghnàthannan agus a bha 'labhairt na
h-aon chanaine. Bha na Cruithnirh
no na Picti an taobh tuath Eirinn anu
am Mòr-roinn. Ulladh agus an ceann
tuath Laighinn; am feadh 'sa bha
taobh an iar agus deas na h-Eirionn,
's iad sin Conacht, Munadh, agus ceann
Dara Mios an t-Samhraidh, 1872.
AN GAIDHEAL.
77
deas Laighinn air an àiteachadh leis
na Scoti. B'iad na Pictich no na
Cruithnich na ceud Ghàidheil a ghabh
tuineachas an Eirinn agus an Albainn,
agus roimli thoiseacli na sèathamh
lìnne a rèir coslais, cba robh Gàidbeil
's am bitli eile an Albainn ach iad fein.
Ach aig an am sin thàinig trì ceann-
ardan a nail à Eirinn agus leth cheud
fear maille ris gacli aon diubh. Leis
clio tearc 's a bba iad ann an aireamb
tha e ro cboltacb gur h-ann a f buair
iad cuireadh o Rigb nan Caledonacli
gu tigh'nn a nail a riagliladb ann an
Earra-gbaidbeal gu bbi 'n an ceannard-
aibh air na Gaidbeil a bba an sin anns
a' chogadh ris na Deas Bbreatannaicb,
gus an cumail air an ais o bbi a bris-
eadh ni b' fbaide stigb air taobh siar
na Gàidhealtacbd. Oir tba e cosmhuil
gur b-e bu ghnàtb-obair do na ^coti
Eirionnacb a bbi a' sior cbogadb ris na
Deas Bbreatannaicb. Bba na seann
Gbaidbeil Albannacb a' cogadb riii mar
an ceudna mar a cbitbear o 'u cbogadb
a bba aig Fionn riutha, 'n uair a loisg
e Baile-cbluaidb no Dhn-Breatann,
ceann-bbaile nam Breatannacb a bba
a cliòmbnuidli ann an Sratb-cbluaidh.
Anns a cbeud dol a macb cha robh aig
na ceannardaibh Eirionnacb so tiodal
na b' àirde na an Toiseach no Triatb
no Ceann-feadbna, acb an dèigb sin
gbabb iad an tiodal Bigh dboibb fdin,
agus rinneadli Feargbus 'na rigb, gidb-
eadb blia e fo uacbd'ranachd Ard-righ
nan Scott ann an Eirinn, agus bbuan-
aich a sbliochd mar sin os ceann ceitbir
ficbead bliadbna gus an do dhealaicli
iad ri cuing na h-Eirionn mu 'n
bbliadhna A. D. 590. Is ann mu 'n
am so a tbainig Calum-cille a nail d
h-Eirinn a sbearmonacbadb an t-sois-
geil do na Gaidbeil Albannacb, 'n uair
a bba Conull 'n a rigb air na Scoti agus !
Bride no Bruidai 'n a rigb air na Picti. \
Bba Kicbairt Bbride, rigb nam Picteach, \
's an am sin aig Locbnis, ach tba e col- !
tacli gu 'n robh mar an ceudna Caisteal |
no Aros rioghail eile aig na righribh so
ann an Diin-Chaillean no laimli ri
baile Pheairt. Tha sinn a' leughadh
mar an ceudna mu na Pictich Dheas-
ach; bba an dara feadhainn diubh so
air taobh tuath nan garbh-bheanntan
(Grampians) agus an fheadbainn eile
air an taobh deas diubh. Bba monadh
Dhruim-Uachdair agus na Beanntan
mora sin a' cur dealachaidh eatorra;
agus faodaidh e bhi gu 'n robli iad air
uairibb dealaichte 'nan riaghladh, agus
gu 'n robh righ dhoibh fdin aig na
Pictich thuathach, agus righ eile aig
na Pictich dheasach.
Do na Pictich dheasach bhuineadh
am fearann a tha a nis 'deanamh suas
siorramachd Pheairt, sioxTamachd Aon-
ghais, Fiofa, Struileith, agiis an tir air
taobh deas na Friu ris an abrar Lothian,
gu ruig a chrioch Shasunnach. Do na
Pictich thuathach bhuineadh a' cliuid
eile dhe 'n tir gu ruig Gallthaobh agus
eileanan Arcaimh. Agus bba Srath-
chluaidh agus taobh an iar-dheas
Albainn 's an am sin aig na Breatann-
aich.
(Ri leanniuinn.) D. B. B,
LITIK MU GHAIDHEIL GHLASCHU.
A Ghaidheil Ghaolaich,
Chuir e aoibhneas air mo chridho mar
a cliuala mi an sgeul, gii 'n do rinn sibh
imrich thar a' chuan mhor is gu 'n robh
a' mhiann oirbh a so suas tuineachadh 's a'
bliaile so. Mata, mata, agus tha "An
Gùidheal" a so suas ri teachd a mach
gach mios ann an Glaschu. Ceud mile
fùilte dhuibh — a' h-uile latha dhuibh — Gu
ma fiida a bhitheas sibh beò agus ceo as
'ur tigh. Nam biodli e mar mo mhiannsa,
bliitheadh soirbheachadh gu leòir agaibh.
Cha bhiodh Gàidheal eadar ceithir oisinnean
na cruithne nach bitheadli air 'àireamh am
measg 'ur luchd leughaidh, is cha l)hiodh 'ur
sporan gun bhonn no 'ur cridhe gun ghean.
Is ged nach 'eil an da shealladli agam, ged
nach fiosaiche no fear seallaidh mi, tha mi
cinnte gu leoir gu 'm hi soirbheachadh
agaibh. Tha mise ag innseadli dliuibh gu
'm bheil do Ghàidheil anns a' bhaile so fein.
na bheireadh air 'ur n-oidheirp pàidheadh.
AN GAIDHEAL.
Dara M'los an t-Samhraidh, 1872.
nan cuireadh iad an guaillean ris a' glinoth-
ach mar bu dual is bu duthchasach dhoibh
u dheananih. Nach f bada o 'n chuala sinn
an sean fbocal "Clanna nan Gàidheal ri
giiaillibh a cheile." Fbeara 'sa ghaoil is
iomadh latba a sheas iad ri guaillibh a
cheile, o latha blàir Alt-a-blionnaich, mar a
rinn iad an cuid frin fo cheannsal Triath
nan Eilean, gu tuil uaibhreach àirm Shas-
uinn a tbilleadh air a h-ais agiis crun na
h-Alba a bhuidhinn do Kaibeart Brns. giis
an latha "s an do dhiricb iad uchdaichean
Alma, le iolach ait na buaidlie fo stiuradh
an f hior Ghàidheil, Cailean Caimbeul — Is tha
mi an dochas mar sheas iad gu duineil cliù
an dùthcha ann am mile blur, gu'n seas iad
a nis a chearta cho fearail cànain an diith-
cha le an ainmean a chur sios air son "A
Ghàidheil" gu h-ealamh agus le an airgiod
phàidhcadh gu togarrach Ach cha 'n e
mhiiin gu'm bheil mòran Ghàidheal anus a'
bhaile so ach tha do Chomuinn Ghàidheal-
ach de gach seòrsa ann, nan gabhadh iad
"An Gàiuheal" fo an sgiathaibh càirdeii
gu'm b" un-ainn iad dion a thoirt dha o gach
cruadal, agus cuideachadh anns gach aire.
Is ma cheadaicheas sibh dhomh, bheir mi
cunntas goirid air cuid de na Comuinn sin
agus ua h-aobhair air son am bheil iad air an
cur air chois. Tha iad cho lionmhor is gur
gann a ghabhar ann an aon litir iomradh a
thoirt orra gu leir, tuigidh mata iadsan a
dh"fhaodas a bhi air am fiigail a mach nach
e dimeas, ach diùiiie is aobhar. 'S e is
aobhar gu 'm bheil iad cho lionmhor, gu 'n
d' fhas e fasanta, o cheann tamuU ùine, do
gach eilean is siorramachd comunn fhaot-
uinn a suas co-chcangailte ris a'cheàrn sin, a
chum is gu'm bheil a nisnacruineachaidhean
sin cho lionmhoi- ach gann ri eileinibh innse
Gall, no siorr'achdailih nan garbh chiioch.
Cha'n'eil mi idir a' diteadh a' chleachdaidh
60, oir is ciatach an tii, aim am measg otliail
is iiprait a' bhaile mhoii-, a bhi cumail beò
gaol dùtlicha, agus a bhi a' cuimhneachadh
ghnathan agus chleachdainnean nan gleann-
tan siochail 'sail deachaidh ar n-àrach; ach
oha'n f heud mi a ràdh nach feudadh pairt do na
conminn sin barrachd adheanamh air son an
luchd dùthcha na tha iad a' deanamh. Tha
gun teagamh air bith cuid diubh a' deanani
mòrain. ('omhaii'aichte anns an rat had so
tha an "Comunn Gàidhleach" (Highland
Society). Is gann a dh' fheudar meud a'
inhaith a tha an comunn so a' deanamh a
Km mhcas. Tha iad a' cumail suas sgoile
aims am bheil fòghlum agus leabhraichean
gun airgiod gun luach, air an toirt do theann
air naoi ceud do chloinn Ghaidhealaich, Is
cha 'n e teagasg suarach a tha iad a' faigh-
inn, oir cha'n'eil mi a' saoilsinn gu'm bheil
ach gann sgoil ann an Glaschu a theid an
toiseach oirre. Is cha'n e mhiiin gu'm
bheil iad mar so air an deagh theagasg, ach
tha gach bliadhna deise bhreacain air a
toirt do àireimh mhòir do na caileagan. Tha
an t-aodach so air a thoirt ciia 'n ann ann
an rathad deirce ach mar dhuais do na
sgoilearan a's feàrr, a chum nach ruig a leas
an Gaidheal a's uaibhiiche inntinn nùir a
bhi air leigeal le a nighinn an t-aodach a
chosd — 'si sochair anabarrach a tha aig ar
luchd-diithcha anns a' bhaile so, anns an
sgoil so. Is lionmhor mac Gaidheil an
diugh, a tha 'lioiiadh àite onoraich aig an
tigh is thairis a dh'fhaodas a' chomain sin
a thoirt air an fhòghlum a f huair e ann an-
sgoil a' Chomuinn Ghaidhealaich. Cha 'n
'eil sealladh a chi mi o cheann gu ceann
do 'n bhliadhna a tha cho taitneach leam,
ri bhi a' faicinu, a reir an gnatha, air tois-
each ceud mhios an t-samhraidh gach
bliadhna clann na sgoile Gàidhealaich a*
meùrsadh fb cheannsal an luchd-teagaisg is
luchd riaghlaidh a' chomuinn, gu Eaglais
Chaluim Chille far am bheil searmoin freag-
arrach do chloinn air a toirt seachad leis a'
mhinisteir. Is bòidheach an sealladh da
rireadh a bhi a' faicinn mu naoi ceud cloinne
ag iomachd ann an ùrdugh o'u sgoil gus an
Eaglais is air an ais a ritliis. Na maothrain
ghaolach! tha mo chridhe a' teòghadh riu
gach uair a chi mi iad. 0 'n tha mi a'
labhairt air sgoil feudaidh mi a thoirt fain-
ear gu'm bheil sgoil eile mar an ceudna ann
an Glaschu far am bheil teagasg agus leabh-
raichean a nasgaidh air an toirt do chloinn
Ghaidhealaich, ris an abrar sgoil MhicLach-
luinn. Chaidh an t-airgiod a tha 'cumail
suas na sgoile so f hàgail le duine coir de 'n
ainm Mac Lachluinn. Rinn e 'chuid airgid
anns ua h-Innsibh, is ma thiomnadh dh'f hag
e roinn de air son sgoil a thoirt do Chloinn
Ghàidheal aims a' bhaile so, agus is iomadh
aon a dh' fheudadh a bheannachd a thoirt
air air son a ghniomha. Tha niu dha cheud
Egoilear anns an sgoil so. Tha comunn
Gàidhealach eile againn mar an ceudna, ris
an caiiar 'sa' bheuria "Tlie Celtic Society."
Tha deagh aobhar aig a' chomunn so anns an
amharc mar an ceudna, — aobhar a bu
choir am brosnachadh gu ftiilte fhuranach
a chur air "A' Ghàidheal," oir tha iad ag
aideachadh gu 'm bheil an aon chrioch
Dara Mios an t-Samhraidh, 1872.
AN GAIDHEAL.
aca 's an amharc ribh fein. So agaibh
na nitheau a tha iad a' cur fa 'n comhair
fèinadhean,amli (1.) "Cànain, fòghlum, ceòl,
bàrdachd, èideadh, sean-nithe, agus cluich-
ean fearail Ghàidheal na h-Alba, a chumail
suas. (2) Còmhnadh airgid a thoirt do
Oileanaich Ghàidhealach athacomharraichte
airson an dichill no an tapadh. (3.) Cuid-
eachadh a dheanadh le muiantir a bhuineas
do'n Ghaidhealtachd a dh' fhaodas tuit-
eam ann am bochdainn ann an Glascho."
Tha run a' chomuinn maith is cha 'n 'eil
teagamh nach 'eil an deanadas a ruir an
rùin, oir tha cùrr mòr air mile ball anns a'
chuideachd. Car cosmhuil ris a' chomunn
so tha a' "Chuideachd Cheann-tìreach,"
Oir tha iadsan mar an ceudna a' toirt cuid-
eachaidh do dhuine òg aig an Oil-thigh,
agus a' cur dliuaisean a chum nan sgoiltean
ann an Ceann-tire, a bharrachd air bhi a'
deanamh còmhnaidh le naistnich Chiun-tire
a tha air tighinn gu bochdaina. A thuilleadh
orra so tha àireamh mhùr eile aig am bheil
'n am beachd, a bhi 'cumail suas ciiirdeis
agus carrantachd, is a' deanamh còmhnaidh
leis an fheumach is cuideachaidh le luchd a'
mhi-fhortain. Ach cha dean mi ach a
mhàin an ainmeachadh. Tha an " Comunn
■Earra-ghiiidhealach" a'deanamh feumanach
beag 'san rathad so. Is " Comunn oircheas-
ach Pheairt." Tha a' "Chuideachd Sgiath-
anach" ag amharc an dcigh nàistnich eileau
maiseach a' cheò. Tha " Cuideachd oir-
cheasach Chataoibh" a' deanamh iochd air
an co-luchd-diithcha. Tha "Comunn Muil-
each," is "Comunn Ileach" ann. "Comunn
Abrach," is "Comunn Appaineach," "Cuid-
eachd Arranach" is "Comunn Collach,''
"Cuideachd nan Siorramachdan tuathach,"
agus "Buidheann Cheann-lochgilb is Loch"
fine." Tha gach aon de na cuideachdan so
a' coinneachadh uair 's a' bhliadhna tim-
chioU bòrd suilbheir na feisde gu dinneir a
ghabhail le chuile, no a' coinneachadh ann
an talla eigin gus am feasgar a chur
seachad, le ùraidean, ceùl agus ùrain. Ach
thacuid dhiubh a' deanamh tuilleadh na so, oir
tha iad a'sineadh na lùimh' f hiail do iomadh
aon air an do luidh am mifhortan gu trom,
is air an do ruig cruadal is eigin. Fhir mo
chridhe, is eireachdail an sealladh ri 'f haic-
inn e, mar tha "Tigh mor na cuirme mar
liichairt laiste," is a tha "clauna na Tir'
Aird' ris an abrar gu bràth na gaisgich" a'
-coinneachadh, cuid diubh sgeudaichte ann
«ideadh aosda na dùthcha, le an sporain
mhollach is an spangan airgid ; na nionagan
màlda, le am miog shuilean tlatha, is na
mnathan còire gu boiteanach, sròlach, rib-
eanach gu'n saoileadh sibh gur bean baile
gach aon diubh. Mar tha a' chuideachd a'
cruinneachadh, tha piobaire no dh;\ a' cur
nan smi'iid dhiubh a'cluichair pìobmhòir nan
dosan àrda, gu snasmhor grinn, port meàr-
sidh eigin. Cha 'n ailhne dhomh ceòl a
ghluaiseas mo chridhe cosmhuil ri nualan na
piobam(Mre,martha "Cabar-feidh," "Cumha
Mhic an Tòisich," "A mhnathan a' Ghlinne.''
no aon de na seann phuirt Ghàidhealach sin
air an deagh chluich. Mar a tha a' chuid-
eachd cruinn 's a ghabhas fear na cathrach
'àite 's a tha 'n t-altachadh air a ràdh, 's ann
an sm a bhitheas am farum, le gleadhraich
chupan is spainean, luchd frithealaidh a'
ruith 's 'n an dean ruith a' freasdal do gach
aon cho suilbhear togarrach is ged a bu
tigheama fearainn gach aon's a'chuideachd.
Tha an sean-fhocal ag riidh gu 'm "bi
gille aig an fheannaig 'san fhogharadh.''
Ach tha gille aig gach aoidh aig na cuid-
eachdaibh cùirdoil ud. Cha bu mhaith learn
a bhi 'cur miothlachd air aon de na comuinn,
ach cha 'n fhaod mi rùdh. gun tig aon
diubh suas ris a' Chomuun Mhuileach, aig a'
chuirm bhiiadhnail aca. Bha air a'
bhliadhna so fein an talla a's motha 's a'
bhaile air a lionadh o cheann gu ceann le
cuideachd cho togarrach, cridheil, òrdail is
a chunnaic mi riamh. Bha òrain Ghùidhlig,
is òraidean Gàidhlig air an toirt seachad ann
am pailteas. Oide is fheudail! b'e an seall-
adh e mar a bha gach neapaiginn pòca a
mach a' togail seisd air an fhonn; tha mise
aj ràdh ribh nach 'eil coinneamh 's a' bhaile
a bheir ite as an te Mhuilich, cha tig a'
h-aon diubh ann an uisge na stiiirach aice.
Ach an innis sibhse dhomh ciod a's ciall do 'n
ainm "^Soiree" a thug iad air na coinn-
eamhan ud, Tha fhios o 'n a bha sibh an
America gu'm bheil gach eùlas agaibh is 1
gu 'n teid agaibh air so a dheanamh. Tha
iad ag ràdh rium gur he facal Fraingis a
th' ann, ach is gann a tha mi 'gan creidsinn.
Oir ged a thàinig e oirnn as an Fhraing is
i mo bharail gur h-e facal Gàidhlig a th'ann
a ghoid iad bh'uainn is a tha uis a' tighinn
oirnn ann an dreach ùr. Tha fhios agaibh
gu 'm bheil na Frangaich gu math tapaidh
tiolpanta, agus gu 'm bheil e air a chur as
an leth gur h-e an gnàth innleachdan a
fhuair muinntir eile a mach a thoirt leò, is
an sin a chur mar fhiachaibh air an
t-saoghal gur iadsan a fhuair a mach a'
chilis an toiseach. Is tha duine coir a's
80
AN GAIDHEAL.
Dara Mlos an t-Samhraidh, 1872:
aithne dhomhsa ag rùdli gur h-ann mar so
a rinn iad leis an fhocal so. Tha esan 'sa'
bheachd nach'eil anns an fhacal soiree acli
an dnigh Fhraugacli air an fhacal suiridh!!!
Ach biodli sin mar a thogras e, tha aon ni
fior, gur ciatach a thionudaidheas'iad a mach
aig na coinnoachan sin, is cha'n'eil mi ag rùdh
nach bi beagan do 'n t suiridh a' do) cuid-
eachd, agus is mise nach faigh coire dhoibh
mar tha gach ni gu beusach ceart. Ach
feumaidh mi an litir so a tharruing gu crich,
ach mu 'n dean mi sin, tha aon Chomuun
Gàidhealach oile air am feum mi iomradli a
thoirt, agus 'se sin an "Comunu Oiseanach."
Tha an comunn so a nis teann mhath air
leth cheud bhadhna a dh' aois, agus is
fior chomunn GùiHg a tha ann, oir tha gach
gnothach air a ghiidan air adhart anns a'
Ghàilig. Tha na mionaidean air an sgriobh-
adh anns a' chànain mhilis sin, is tha gach
òraid is deasbaireachd anns a' cheart chàinnt
ghaolaich. Tha an comunn so a' coinn-
eachadh air gach feasgar Di-h-aoine fad
seisein an Oilthigh ann an tigh-seiseiu eag-
lais Challum Claille, agus is iomadh sear-
monaiche fileanta, gleusda, an Albainn 's an
Canada a bheir a bheannachd air a' Cho-
munn Oiseanach a' son anchothroim a bhuil-
ich e orra gu eòlas fhaotuinn air a' GhàiHg.
A nis, a Ghi'iidheil rùnaich, thug mi dhuibh
cunntas air a' chuid mhòir do no comuinn
Ghàidhealach againn anns a' bhaile so, is
tha mi cinnteach o 'n àireimh gu 'm lend
sibh misneach a ghlacadh a chum dol air
'ur n-aghaidh gu fearail 'n 'ur n-obair, oir
ma chuiroas iad an guaillean ri chtile tha an
gnothach leibh.
Slàn leibh — Theagamh gu 'n cluinn sibh
nam gu goirid a rithis. An latha a chi
s nach fhaic, is mi, le gach deagh ghuidhe,
ur caraid dileas.
RUNASDACII.
Glaschu, air Cluaidh, Ì
2.3mh. de'n Ghiblean, 1K72. J
OISEIN: A LINN AGUS A
BUARDACHD.
(air leantuinn.)
Cha 'n 'eil na comharraidhean aon
chuid fann no faoin a tha dàin Oisein
annta f(5iu a noclidadh gu 'm buin iad
do aimsir a tha fada air chiil. Tha c
Huilleir gu 'n robh laoicli is saoi na
Fdinne ann an suidheachadh simplidh;
gu 'n robh iad fatha-st ann an òg mhad-
uinn au cinneadalachd 'n uair a chaidh
slige au t-sòlais mu 'n cuairt, agus a
thog au righ am foun air h\ithibh nan
sonn a b' hirde gniomh, is Ian mhile
fear focail shuas ag aomadh gu luaidli
an righ. Is e leantuinn na seilge air
raon is aonach, agus marcachd thairis
air stuaidhean a' chuain mhoir, maille
ri Cruaidh is Maile ciar a ghiiilau aun
an dealan beur a' chòmhraig, a bu
chleachduinn do laoich na Feinne.
Cha robh au aite còmhuuidh seas-
mhach. 'Nuair theirgeadh tuirc is
feidh ann an aon aite, rachadh na
seann Ghàidheil gu aite eile; agus is
ann air an aobhar so a tha e 'tachairt
gu 'm bheil aiumean air am faotainn
an sud agus an so, a tha 'gleidheadh
cuimhne air sàr-threin na Feinne.
Cha robh eòlas no tuigse aca, mar tha
dain Oisein gu soilleir a dearbhadh, air
ealdhain no innlcachd air bith ach a
mhàin orrasan a bha feumail doibh
anns a' bheatha a bha iad a' caitheamh.
Bha iad eòhxch air iarunn. Is ann an
Ceàrdach Luinn Mhic Liobhuinn a bha
ri obair gobhainn aig righ Lochluinn
anns a' Bheirbhe, a bha sleaghau is
lannan na Feinne air an deanamh. Is
e Mac an Luinn a b'ainm do'n chlaidh-
eamh a bha Fionughal ag iomchar. Is
eiginn gu 'u robh eùhxs nach bu ghann
aca mar au ceudna air seòhxdaireachd.
Oir tha e soilleir gu 'n robh iad gu
minic ag imeachd thar a' chuan shum-
ainneach, stuadhach gu Lochlann, gu
Innisfàil is Innis-nan-torc. B'e mianu
nan laoch an eithear dhoun is a chur-
ach luath ag eiridh suas air cuau nan
long, a' gearradh an astair feadh thonn
gun chiiram, mar theiue nan speur
troimh bhearnaibh beur nan neul.
Ged bha longan na Feinne fo'n siiiil
bh;\na 'beumadh troimh 'n cheathaich
ghlais air toirm nan stuadh 's nan tonn
eiti, 's an cobhar ban mu 'm muineal
shuas; gidheadh, dileas do shimplidh-
eachd na luiugis 'saun le iallaibh air an
deanadh, mar dh'fhaodas sinn a chreid-
sinn.debhiannamfiadh'sbheabhaichean
Dara Mìos rn t-Samhraidh, 1872.
AN GAIDHEAL.
81
na seilge a bha na siùil gheala air an
ceangal. Chi sinn mar so gu 'n robh
eòlas na Feinne a ruigheachd air na
cleachduinnibh aca fein, agus nach
robh ni b' fhaide.
Air feadh bardachd Oisein uile, cha
'n 'eil luaidh air a dheanamli air inn-
leachd no àbhaist nach 'eil a' comh-
chòrdadh ri òige nan laithean anns an
do thog iad fuaim air teudaibh na clàr-
saich ann an Talla Sheallamai Giul-
ainidh an ni so fein Oisein is a threun-
laoich gu aimsir fad o chian.
Ged b' e athair Osccdr agus mac
Fhionnghail righ Sheallama « nam feart,
bard caomh nan iomadh sgeul ; ged bu
bhinn gach dan o 'bheul maiseach, an
trath thòisicheadh esan rujh nam bard
air iomradh àrd nan laoch 's nan lann ;
bha 'smuaintean arda, òirdhearc, agus
a shamhiaidhean bòidheach fìrinneach
air an tarruing o nàdur fein. Fuaim no
guth, luaidh no moladh cha 'n 'eil 'n a
bhàrdachd uile air curaidh Greugach
no air filidh Romanach. Cha chualar
leis riamli gun do sheinn Ilomar iom-
raiteach treubhantas is euchdan nan
Greugach, maille ri fearg an-iochd-
mhor Achilleis, ni mo dh' inntrig
ranuan sgeineil grinn Virgeil agus
Horals, a chridhe riamh. B 'e nàdur
fein ban-altrum cbaoimhneil Oisein.
A' ghrian, mac aighearrach nan speur
anns an ògmhaduinn agus ann an
duibhre 'n fheasgair; na neòil, a dh'
iadhas mu lòchran nan leadanòrbhuidh,
'ga dheanamli smalanach, sprochdach,
agus an uair 'dh' imicheas iad thairis
air, ag aiseag sunnd is gean is sòlais ;
a' ghealach leth-chòmhdaichte le trus-
gan dorcha, agus aig am eile 'toirt
seachad a soluis fein le 'guiiis àiUidh
aoidheil; na sruthan gàireach, tormau-
ach a ruitheas dian bho aonaichibh
nam fuar-bheanu arda; an ceo a thùir-
lingeas ann an iomadh dealbh is cruth
air broilleach nan raon, air uchd nan
lochan 's air taobh nan cnoc le scleò
dhuaichni; na cluarain a' crathadh an
cinn ann an osag Lhiai; feartan na
Feinne le cruaidh is mhile; fuaim lùir-
each is beumadh lann, osuaidheaa
thaibhsean is guiomharan nan laithean
a bha 's a dh' aom ; b' iad so uile càird-
ean Oisein, an trath a mhosgladh 'anam
le guth nan dan 's le fuaim nam fonn.
Agus CO a leughas bardachd Oisein agus
a thuigeas a h-òirdheirceas agus a snas
— mòrachd a smuaintean, nach aidich
air ball gu 'm bheil e, mar thubhairt e
fein mu Fhionnghal nam feart, a' seas-
amh leis fein, gun choimeas am measg
nam filidhean.
Thig e dhuinn a nis oidhirp a dhean-
amh air linn a' Bhàird aosmhoir
thairisich a shonrachadh a mach ni'
mionaidiche. Chunnaic sinn gu 'n,
bheil cainnt is dealbh nan dan fein ag
inuseadh sgeoil air am o aois, agiis
gu 'm bheil còrdadh dlùth follaiseach
eadar smuaintean, beachdan, agus
guiomharan a' Bhàird. Ghleus e
'chruit chiiiil, agus dh' imich anam an
srutli nam fonn 's nan òran, oir bu
taitneach leis faireachduinnean a
chridhe a dhòirteadh a mach gu
nadurra. Cha b' e iarrtuis solas a
thoirt do dhaoinibh fòghluimte. Cha
robh e air a theannachadh le riaghailt-
ibh sgriobhta na Bardachd. Bha toirm
nan dan bho'n am a dh' aom, tlachd-
mhor do 'n anam a bha tairis, fial.
Dh' aithris bilean a' Bhaird gu fior 's gu
nadurra na smuaintean bbidheach 'sna
h-òrain bhlasda 'bha 'tuiueachadh ann
an uaigneas anama fein.
Tha iomradh air a dheanamh air
siol nan coigreach, agus ann an Caomh-
mhala tha Caracul is Caruimi nan
sruth ag iadhadh ann am fuil a' bhiiirn,
air an toirt far comhair. Thug
Fionnghal buaidh, 's bha solas air ard
na mòrbheinn.
Tha ruaig air mac righ an domhain
's a shluagh.
" Togaibhs' a bheula nan dan,
Togaibh gu h-àrd am blàr aig Carunn ;
Theich Caracul 's a shluagh o m' lainn.
Theich e thall thar raoin an àrdain.
82
AN GAIDHEAL.
Dara Mios aa t-Samhraidh, 1872
A ghaisgich mar dhealain air sliabh
'Tlia 'sgeadachadh tannais na h-oidhche,
'S e 'g aomadh ro' ghaoitli o 'n iar
'Sa'choille chiarmu'n cuairta'boillsgeadh
Taom, a Charuinn, taom do shruth ;
An aoibhneas an diugh siubhail sios.
Theich coigrich a b' àirde guth."
Tha e cosmhuil gur h-e Caracalla
mac Hhevei'uis an ceaiuiard ard Rom-
anach a tha air a chiallacliadli an so.
Chaochail Severus aun an toiseach an
treasamli linn, agus mar sin, tha bun-
chair is barantas againn aun a bhi 'g
amharc air an treasamh no 'n ceath-
ramh linn, mar an t-àm anns an robh
talk na fèile 's nam fleagh, nan cuach
's nan corn, 'n a sheasamh ann an
Seallama nan tiir ard, mun robh laoich
na Fdinne 'n an tannais gun tuar 's a
chàrn air neòil agus fuar-ghaoith
Ghonai,
Tha fios againn gur h-iad ainmean
Locklituieachsb tha, mòran de eileanaibh
Albainn a giiilan. Jura, Scarba,
Staffa — cha 'n e so fuaim na Gàilig.
Cha 'n 'eil blasdachd Oisein anns na
h-ainmibh so. Buinidh iad do thir
'sdochainnt nan coigreach. Bhagun
teagamh ainm gach eilein is caoil, gach
maigh is raoiu air tils Gàidhealach. Is
anns a' cheathramh agus anns a' chuig-
eamli linn a thainig na Lochlinnich
siol nan tonn a nuas, agus a rinn iad
àiteachadh ann an eileanaibh Albainn.
Bha, mata, Oisein agus suinn threubh-
acli na Feinne roimh an am so. Cho
fada 's a tlia e comasach a leithid so
de ni a r(^'iteacliadh gu ceart, tlia e air
adheanamhamach gurh-anns a' cheath-
ramh linn a ràinig teachdairean a'
Chreidimh Chriosduidh tir nam beann
's nan sruthan fuaimneach.
Aig toiseach Ckaltlw'nm is Cliaol-
mkail,thii Bard Chonai'labhairt mar so :
"Glan ^'utli na Ibnna de thri'in,
Fliir 'tlia 'tuincadli Icat fein an cos.
Fliir a tlii'iinii,^ o iiiliiV^di nan Gall,
MosL^laidh ni'anani an ialla nan Hea.!:,'li;
Mar na làithean am bliadhnaibh thall:
Tlia mi 's'mcadli mo làinli 'tha lag,
Is an osun fo smachd mo chlèibh'.
An cluinn tlui, sliil nan cos an craig
Fonn o Oisian mu 'òg glmiomb fein?
Am faic fear tninidli nan cos ciar'
S.L,àath mliòr Oisein an àird an talla
Fo cbomharradh scara nan còmhrag?
Thrc'ig an soillse glan a balla,
Tha meirg air a ballaibh, mo dbòruinn!
Cluinu-sa, fliir tuinidh nan cos ciar',
Mòr sgeul air na bliadhnaibh 'tba tball."
Is ann an seann Idithibh Oisein a
sgriobh e 'n dan so. Cha 'n 'eil è eu-
cosmhuil idir gur h-e aon de cheud
Shearmonaichibh an t-soisgeil a tha 'm
Bard a' ciallachadh leis an neach a
thainig 0 mhagh nan Gall 'sa bha 'tuin-
eadh leis fein an cos nan creag. Is ann
an dèigh do righ Fearghas a liichairt
a phlanutachadh ann an tir nan GaU,
agus frithean is aonaichean na Gàidh-
ealtachd a thrèigsinn, a dh' eirich
roinnean am measg luchd tuinidh nan
àrd-bheann. Sgairte bho cheile le
glinn leathan dhomhaiu, no le aibh-
nichibh brasa beucach; cuairtichte le
lochaibh farsuing eiti no le beanntaibh.
corrach àrda, roinneadh na Gaidheil
'nam buidhnibh an dèigh do chuirm
'sdo chompanas an righ an trèigsinn.
B'e so a bu phriomli aobhar do na
roinnibh ris an abrar Clann nan Galdh-
eal. Tha laoich is treun-fhir Oisein a*
gèiUeachduinn do 'n mhòr thriath
Fionnghal gun fhocal, gun ghutli o 'n
ceann : gach siiil air lainn is tuar an
righ, is esan a' tarruing a shleagh _o
'chill. Is i gairm ard mhic Chomhail
a thionaileadh mòr ghaisgeacha na
Feinne gu cath no fleadhachas; agus
cha robh cinn feadhna no ceannardan
air bith eile air an aithneachadh no air
an aideachadh.
Tha mi 'saoilsinn ma chuireas sinn
an cuideachd a cheile na h-aobliairean
air an d' rinn mi nis gu h-aithghearr
iomradh, gu'm bheil againn barantas
seasmhach ann a bhi 'creidsinn gur
h-anns an treasamh linn aghluais Fionn-
ghal gu stri nan lann, agus a thog
Oisein fonn mills nan òran air teudaibh
nan sàr-chlàrsach.
[Ri leanntuinn.) CONA.
Dara Mios an t-Samhraidh, 1872.
AN GAIDHEAL.
83
UKNUIGH OISEIN.
Oisein.
Aithris sgeul, a Phàdniig,
An onair do leughainn,"
Am bheil nèamh gu h-àraidh,
Aig Fiannaibh na h-Eirinn?
Padruig.
Bheireams' briathar dhuitse,
Oisein nan glonn,t
Nacb 'eil neamh aig t' athair,
Aig Oscar, no aig Goll.
O. 'S olc an sgeul, a Phàdruig,
A th' agad dliomhs', a cbleirich ;
C uim' am bithinn-sa ri cràbhadh,
Mur 'eil neamh aig Fiannaibh Eirinn?
P. Nach dona sin, Oisein,
Fhir nam briathra boile,
'Sgu'm b' fheàrr Dia re aon uair',
Na Fianna Eirinn uile?
O. B* f hearr leam aon chath làidir,
A chuireadh Fionn na Feinne,
Na Tighearn a' chrabhaidh,
Agus thusa, chleirich.
P.JiGre beag a' chuilf chronanach,
Agus mònaran na greine,
Gun fhios do'n Righ mhoralach^
Cha tc-id fo bbil' a sgeithe.
C. 'N saoil tliu 'm b' ionann e 's Mac Cumhail,
An righ 'bh' againn air na Fiannaibh?
Dh' f haodadh gach neach 'bha air thalamh,
Dol 'n a thalla-san|| gun iarraidh.
P. Oisein ! 's fada do shuain,
Eirich suas is eisd na sailm,
O'n chain thu nis do liith 'sdo rath,
'S nach cuir thu cath ri la garbh.
0. Ma chain mi mo liith 's mo rath,
'S nach maireann cath a bha aig Fionn,
Do d' chleirsinneachd is beag mo speis,
'S do cheòl eisdeachd ni 'm fiach leam.
P. Cha chual thu co math ri m' cheòl,
0 thus an domhain mhòir gus a nocbd;
'S tha thu aosda an-ghlic liath,
Fhir a dhioladh cliar air chnoc.
0. 'S trie a dhiol mi cliar air chnoc,
'lUe Phiidruig a's olc rim,
'S eucoir dhuitse 'chain mo chruth,^
0 nach d'jfhuair thu guth air thus.
Chualas ceòl os cionn do cheòil,
Ge mòr a mholas tu do chliar ;
Ceòl air nach luidh leth-trom laoich,
Faoghar cuilc aig an Ord Fhiann.
'N uair a shuidheadh Fionn air cnoc,
Sheiuneamaid port do 'n Ord Fhiann,
"Chuireadh 'n an codal na slòigh,
'SJochòin bu bhinne e na 'chliar.
Smeòrach bheag dhubh o Ghleann Small,
Faoghar nam bare ris an tuinn,"
Sheinneamaid an leithid' a phuirt,
Is bha sinn fein 's ar cruit ro bhinn.
Bha tri gaodhair dheug aig Fionn,
Leigeamaid iad ri Gleann Small ;
'S bu bhinne glasghairmf ar con,
Na do chluigs', a chleirich chàidh. %
Guide ruinne. Fionn ar dia,
A riar cliar§ agus sgoil
Thug e la air bronnadh òir||
'S an ath lò air meaghar chon.
P. Aig meud 'f hiughair ri meaghar chon,
'S e dioladh sgoil gach aon la,
'S aig lughaid eisimeil ri Dia,
Anis tha Fionn nam Fiann an làìmh.
0. 'S gann a chreideas mi do sgeul,
A chleirich le d' leabhar ban,
Gu 'm bitheadh Fionn, no cho fial,
Aig duine no aig Dia an làimh.
P. Ann an ifrinn tha e'n làimh,
Fear le 'n sàth bhi bronnadh òir,
Air son a dliimeas air Dia,
Chuir iad e 'n tigh pian fo leon.U
0. Nan robh Clanna Morni steach.
Is Clanna Baoisgne, na fir threun",
Bheireamaid-ne Fionn a raach,
No bhiodh an teach againn fein.
P. Còig còigeanna""'-' na h-Eirinn ma seach,
'S air leat-sa gur mòr am feura,
Cha tugadh sin Fionn a mach,
Ged bhiodh an teach agaibh fein.
0. Nach math an t-àite ifrinnft fein,
A chleirich dha 'n leir an sgoil?
* Tbe MS. Ì3 'lebhidh'; the Dean of Lismore's Book
has 'leyvm"='leughainn,' which w3 have adopted.
f 'Glonn,' deed of valour, exploit.
{ 'Cuil,' a fly ; 'a" chuil chronanach," the humming fly.
§ 'Mùnaran,' mote.
II The MS. is 'tsheolle,' for, probably, 'shealladh'; "na
shealladh-san,' into his presence. Dr. Young's copy has
"na thalla-san,' into his hall, which we have adopted.
The Dean of Lismore's Book has ' 'n a thigh.'
H It is difficult to decide whether the word in the MS.
is 'cruth' or 'emit'; the copies of Hill and Dr Young
have 'cruth.'
♦ TheMS. andHill'soopyhave 'tuinn.' ' Tonn' is some-
times feminine. See Armstrong's Dictionary, and Duncan
Riach M'Nicol's lines at the end of this poem.
t 'Glasghairm,' noise of hounds.
t 'Càidh,' holy, pure.
§ The MS. is 'A riar chliar agus scoil;' Hill's copy has
'A riar do chliar is do scoil,' but inaccurately printed.
'Riar,' please, satisfy, distribute, serve. See O'Reillys
Dictionary.
II 'Bronnailh òir,' distributing gold.
i[ 'Bhròn ' is written in the MS. over 'leòn.'
*» 'Coige,' a fifth, a province.
tt 'lume'inMP.
84
AN GAIDHEAL.
Dara Mios an t-Samhraidh, 1872.
Nach CO math is flaitheas De,
Ma gheibhear innt' fcidh is coin?
Bha mise la air sliabli Bhòid,
Agus Caoilte 'bu chruaidh lann,
Bha Oscar ann is Groll nan sleagh,
DòmhnuU nam lleadh is Fraoch' o 'n
ghleann ;
Fionn Mac Cumhail, borb a bhrigh,
Bha e 'n a Righ os ar cionn.
Tri inaca àrd-rìgh nan sgiath,
Bu mhòr am miann air dol a shealg,
A Phàdriiig nam baehall fiar,*
Cha leigeamaid Dia os ar cionn.
Bu bheag leam Diarmad 0' Dhuinn,
Agus Fearrghas 'bu bhinue glòir,
Nam bu chcad leat mi do 'n huidh,
A chleirich nuaigh,t a theid do 'n Roimh.
p. C'uim' nach cead leam thu do 'n luaidh,
Ach thoir t' aire gu luath air Dia?
O 'n tha nis deireadh air t' aois,
Sguir do d' bhaois,:j: a shean-fhir leith.
0. A Phàdruig, ma thug thu cead,
Air beagan a labhairt duinn,
Nach aidicli thu, ma 's cead le Dia,
Flath nam Fiann a radh air thiis?
P. Cha d' thug mise comas duit,
A shean-fhir chiiirt, agus thu liath,
B' fheàrr Mac Muire re aon la
Na duine a thainig riamh.
0. Nior robli math aig neach fo 'n ghreia
Gu 'm b' f heàrr e f ein na mo thriath ;
Mac miiirneach nach d' eitich§ cliar
'S cha leigeadh e Dia os a chionn.
P. Na comhaidll thusa duine ri Dia,
A shean-fliir h-ith, na breithnich e;
Is fada o 'n thainig a neart,
Is mairidh a cheart gu brath.
0. Chomhaidinnse Fionn nam fleadh
Ri aon neach a sheall 's a' ghrein ;
Cha d' iarr [e] riamli ni air neach
'S cha mho 'dh' eur^i e neach niu ni.
Bhcireamaid seachd cathan fichead, an
Fliiann,
Air sithean Druim Cliair a muigh;
• The MS. is 'fial,' an obvious mistake for 'fiar,' the
word ia Dr. Young's cojjy. The 'baohall fiar' was the
crosier.
t 'Nuaigli,' heaven; also holy.
X The M.S. i.s 'mhaoigh' for 'bhaoithe,' abstract noun
(aspirated) from 'baoth;' I>r. Ycjung's copy has bhaos=
' bhaothas ;■" Hill's copy bus Chaois,' a misprint for 'bhaois,
levity, folly.
§ 'Kitich,' refuse.
II 'Comhaid,' compare.
•I 'Eur,' refuse.
Cha tugamaid urram do Dhia,
No 'cheann cliair*'' a bha air bith.f
P. Seachd cathan fichead dhuibhse,'n ar Feinn,
Cha do chreid sibh 'n Dia nan diil;
Cha mhaireann duine do 'r sliochd,
'S cha bheò ach riochd:j: Oisein iiir.
0. Cha 'n e sin 'bu choireach ruinn,
Ach turas]Fhinn a dhol do 'n Roimh,
Cumail cath Ghabhra leinn f ùin,
Bha e claoidh ai Feinn gu mòr.
P. Cha 'n e sin 'chlaoidh sibh uile ann
A mhic Fhinn, o 'n gearr gu d' re ;
Eisd ri radh Righ nam bochd,
'S iarr thusa nochd neamh dhuit fein.
0. Comraich§ an da abstol deug,
Gabhaidh mi dhomh fein a nochd;
Ma rinn raise peacadh trom,
A chur an cnoc nan torn a muigh.
Crìoch.
The following lines follow in the MS. :
Thoir an eachdraidh 'Mhaighstir Dorahnull,
A tha 'chòmhnaidh an cois na tuinne ; ||
An urnuigh 'bha aig Oisean liath-ghlas,
Nach robh riamh ach 'n a dhroch dhuine.
It is then added, in reference, we suppose,
to these lines :
The above stanzas were composed by
Duncan Riach M'Nieol, in Glenorchy,
commonly called "The modern Ossian."
(This poem is from a manuscript collection
of Ossiauic and other poems, which belonged
to the Rev. Donald M'Nieol, Lismore,
author of "Remarks on Dr. Johnson's
Journey to the Hebrides &c." A copy,
nearly the same as M'Nicol's, but very
inaccurately printed, was published in
Hill's Collection in 1784, and was after-
wards reprinted in the Plighlaud Society's
Report on the Poems of Ossian (1805).
Another but slightly different copy was
published in 1787, in the Transactions of
tlie Royal Irish Academy, by Dr. M. Young,
an Irish gentleman, who travelled in the
Highlands in the summer of 178-4. There
is also a copy in the Dean of Lismore's
Book, but it difters considerably from the
otlier copies which we have seen, and the
modern version of it published a few years
ago is frc(iuently inaccurate. The MS. of
tills poem is dated 1762-3. A. C.)
* The MS. was originally 'dhaoin triach'='dh'aoa
triath,' but was sub.sequenty altered.
{ 'Bith,' world.
X Dr Young's copy has 'rioghachd.'
§ 'Comraich,' protection.
II Viz. Lismore,
, Hlos an t-Samhraidh, 1873.
AN GAIDHEAL.
85
NAIDHEACHDAN.
Anns na làitliibh a tha ann an diugh tha
atharrachaidhean mora a' tighinn air caoch-
ladh nithean le luathas ro iongantach. Tha
iiitlie lira a' gabhail àite air aghaidh na
talmhainn agus am measg chinneach an
t-saogliail le ealamhachd a bhiodh 'n a
nùorbhuil do mhuinntir Imntean roimbe so.
Ged tha so fior gu coitchionn, gidheadh
cha 'n 'eil e fior mu cheisd no dhà air am
bhcil sinn ri iomradh a dheanamh air ball.
An deigh so cumaidh sinn cuimhne air
nithibh cudthromach a*s buanaiche is a's
femnaile na cheile.
Tha ceisd dhuilich ris an abrar " Agraidh-
ean air son na h-Alabamai," a blia gun
reiteachadh o am Cogaclh A mericai, a' tarr-
uing a nis gu deireadli. Cha 'n 'eil e cos-
rahuil gu 'm bi eas-aonadh bagarrach 's am
bith eadar an da rioghachd, Breatann agus
na Stàidean Aonaichte mu 'n ghnothach so.
Tha a' chrioch so 'n a h-aobhar ghair-
deachais agus 'n a riarachadh niòr do 'n da
shluagh. 'S e call eagallach a bhiodh ann
gu 'm briseadh cogadh a mach eadar an da
shluagh a tha cho dileas an dàimh. Thug
na Stàidean air an ais nah-Agraidhean ueo-
chuimseach a riun iad an toiseach na
bliadhna; agus troimhe so tha rathad fosg-
ailte gu bann-còrdaidh a dheanamh a bhith-
eas 'n a riaghailt stiùraidh sheasmhach,
agus fheumail dhoibh ft'in agus do riogh-
achdaibh eile,
Tha faoin iomradh an dràsd a ris air
tighinn a Africa gu'rn bheil an t-Olla Libh-
ingston, o nach d' f huaradh fios cinnteach o
cheann bhliadhnachan, fathast beò; agus
gu'm feud sùil a bhi ris gu geàrr a meadhon
Africai. Feudaidh an sgeul so a bhi fior,
ach'cha do dhearbhadh buileach e thuige
so; ach, co-dhiii cha'n fhada gus an cluinn-
ear fios àraidh o 'n mhuinntir a chaidh air
a thùir.
Tha bliadhna no dha o 'n thòisicheadh air
Eeachd nr Pàrlamaid air son sgoilean
Rioghachd ?n Albainn a thoirt a mach;
ach thuit gach oidhirp a dh' ionnsuidh so
gu làr. 'S iad na h-aobhairean tuisleach-
aidh na beachdan ioma-sgeulach a tha aig
gach buidheann fa leth air na nithibh a bu
choir a bhi air an teagasg anus na Sgoilibh
Rioghachd. 'S i a' phuiug gu h-àraidh a
tha 'n a cnàimh connspaid, co dhiùbh a's
coir do'n Pharlamaid fèin lagh a dheanamh
gu'm feum am BiobuU a bhi air a theagasg
anns na Sgoilibh Rioghachdail, no comas a
thoirt do bhuill Bòrd gach Sgireachd fa leth
beantuinn ris mar a chitheadh iadsan iom-
chuidh. Ròghnaich an neach a thurr a
steach am Bill do Thigh Tochdrach na Pàr-
lamaid an ciirsa so mu dheireadh a ghabh-
aii, an gnothachfhagai! an lamhaibh Buill
nam Bòrd ; ged a tha am Bill a nis gu
maith air aghaidh thamòran do Bhuill na
Pàrlamaid a' sònruchadh atharrachaidhean
mora a dheanamh air mu 'n ceadaichear
dha tighinn a mach 'n a lagh. O'n staid
anns am bheil e'n dràsd tha iomadh a'
co-dhunadh nach urrainn iad fhaotainn
troimh'n Pharlamaid am bliadhna.
A thaobh ceisd an Aonaidh am measg
nan Eaglaisean Cleireach an Alba, gu sòn-
ruichte eadar an Eaglais Shaor agus an
Eaglais Chleireach Aonaichte cha 'n 'eil a'
bheag a dh' adhartas no dhol air ais anns
a' chilis. A thaobh na h-Eaglaise Saoire
tha 'n Earrann a tha an aghaidh an Aon-
aidh a' riinachadh seasamh do-gheilleachd-
uinn 'n a aghaidh, 'nuair a tha an Earrann
eile a' cur rompa gu 'n lean iad an gnoth-
uch a mach. Tha sinn a' tuigsinn gu 'm
bheil larrtuis (Petitions') o iomadh seòrsa
a'dol gus an Ard-Sheanadh air son iad a stad
tamulJ a chum sith aiseag do'n Eaglais air
fad. Tha mnathan uaisle feadh na diith-
cha a' deanamh suas lantais iad fein ag
asluchadh an h-Ard-Sheanaidh stad a chur
air an eas-aonadh, a' bhriseadh, agus an
naimhdeas a tha a' freumhachadh 'n an
measg fcin, le cosg a chur air na h-oidhirp-
ibh a tha air an cleachdadh a chum Aonadh
a thoirt mu 'n cuairt. Tha diiil mhòr
aig sluagh Albainn ris na h-Ard-Shean-
aidhean a tha 'cruinneachadh 's na làith-
ibh so. Bidh sinn comasach air ciod a ni
iad innseadh anns an ath aireamh. Tha
anns an Eaglais Sti'idhichte mar an ceudna
gluasad timchioll a' Pliatronage. Tha a'
chuid a 's mu 's an Eaglais a nis air son a
chur as, no mar is ceartaiche a radh tagh-
adh a' mhinisteir a chur ann an làmhaibh
cinn nan teaghlach. no dh' f haoidte ann an
L'lmhaibh nam firionnach ann an coimh-
thional a bhitheas 'n an luchd-comunnach.
aidh. Tha Diiic Earra-ghaidheil a' gcall-
tuinn Bill a thoirt a steach do'n Pharlamaid
mu'n ni ; tha mòran de dhaoinibh urramach
eile air son na Patronage a tha iad a' meas
'n a cuing air Eaglais na h-AIba a chur as,
ann an tomhas co dhii'i. Tha cuid de tia
h-Eaglaisibh Cleireach eile an Albainn a
tha a' togail an guth, air dhoibh so a thuig-
sinn, an aghaidh ath-shuidheachadh 's am
bith a bhi air a dheanamh air an Eaglais
86
AN GAIDHEAL.
Dara Mios an t-Samhraidh, 1872
Steidhichte, gun an cead-san a bhi air a
ghabbail. 'S e an rùn-san, a ruir coslais,
gu'm biodh Eaglais Cbleireach na h-Alba
air a di-stcidheachadh, agus a deanamh
co-ionnan riii fcin. 'S e ar dleasannas
ceuman de'u t-seùrsa so a thoirt fa cboinh-
air av luchd-leughaidh, 'nuiiira db'fbanas
sinn o bhreitb 's am bith a thoirt anns na
cuisibh.
Thàinig crith-thalmhainn mhòr air an
treas la de 'n Ghiblean rathad baile mòr
Antioch 's an àird-an-ear. Tha e air aith-
ris gu 'n deachaidh barrachd air an treas
cuid de'n bhaile a sgrios. Tha eachdraidh
ag innseadh dhuinn gu 'n do sgriosadh da
cheud mile pearsa 'sa' bhaile so le crith-thal-
mhainu ri linn an Impire Trajan a fhuair
•ach gann as. 'S e sgeul ro thiamhaidh a
tha 'n a leithid so a chluinntinn — daoine
air an slugadh suas a chridhe na talmhainn
ann am priobadh na siiil. 'N uair a
thiiinig an te mu dlieireadh so thachair
gu'm b' e Am-trasgaidh nan Greugach
(Lent) a bh'anu; agus ann an aon àite far an
robhcoiinhthionaldhiubhagaoradh, muthri
cheud pearsa, dh'adhlaiceadh sios a dh'aon
bheum iad. Ann an àite eile chaidh tigh-
sgoil le leth cheud cloinne a shlugadh suas.
Bha troimh-eheile uamhasach feadh a'
bhaile timchioU air na mairbb. Agus
bha a' mhi-riaghailt ud air a meudachadh
troimh chleachduinnibh buidhne ris an
abrar Dusari, feadhainn a tha 'deanamh
aoraidh do Bhaal agus do Astarot. Bha
buaidh mhilleidh gbràineil aig a' ghrein air
na h-uiread de chuirp mharbh, 'n uair a
bha na Oriosdaidhean agus na Mahomatan-
aich a' stri co a gheibheadh cothrom air an
cuid f uin adhlacadh guh-iomchuidh. Bha na
Mtibomatanaich air son nan Oriosdaidhean
adhlacadh cho luath 's a ghabhadh iad gun
choinneal no ni de'n t-seòrsa, iad a' smuain-
eachadh gur h-ann troimh na Criosdaidhibh
a thàinig na brtitheanais orra.
Tha beinn Bhesubhiuis làimh ri Naples
a' brùchdadh a raach teine ghoilteich ni 's
mo na b'àbhuist di. Chaill mòran timchioU
am beatha troimh na sruthaibh loisgeach a
thàinig orra. Tlia cuid a' deanamh a mach
mur bitheadh na tuill loisgeach so feadh an
t-_saoghail gu'm bitheadh crith-thalmhainn
■ni bu mhilteiclie na tha i. Tha na reangan
a tha a' sgàineadh fo thalamh a' cur a
mach am briichd troimh na tuill ud. Tha
e soilleir gu 'n robh critheannan a boan-
tuinn ris na h-Eileanaibh Bi-eatannach fada
roimhe bo; agus 'scoir dhuinn a bhi taingeil
gu'm bheil sinn cho saor 'sua h-amaibh so,
'nuair a tha sinn a' faicinn gu'm bheil sinn
ann an sreath direach eadar Etna ann an
Iceland agus Bhesubhius.
ORAN.
Le fear araid air dha a leannan fhaicinn
a' falbh còmhlath ri Niall MacLeòid.
AirFonn : "Hoireann o gur mi "tha iursach.^'
Co-Sheirm.
Hoireann ò gur mi 'tha tiirsach,
Thriall mo mhànran, dh' f hag mo lùth mi,
Cha 'n 'eil cail agam gu siigradh
Shiubhail Niall le rim mo cheile.
0 ! gur mise 'bha gu brùnach
'Doi bho 'n Eaglais air di-dòmhnaich —
Sail 'g an d' thug mi air an Leòdach
Bha e 'falbh gu seòlt' le m' eudail.
Hoireann ò, &c.
Chaidh e suas leath' thun an eilein*
'S an trie am bi 'n òige 'beadradh, —
Far an cluiun iad na h-eòin blieaga
Le 'n cuid cheileiribh cho gleusda.
Hoireann ò, «S:c.
'S gile bian na ribhinn oirdheirc
Na sneachda air slios nam mòr-bheann,
Oh gur binne 'guth ag oran'
Na smeòrach air bhàrr nan geugan.
Hoireann ò, &c.
Och gur mise 'th' air mo bhuaireadh!
Leis a' ghaol 'thug mi do 'n ghruagaich,
A's i nise 'gabhail fuath dhomb
Ged is luath a thug mi speis di.
Hoireann ò, &c.
Shamhlaich mise gaol nan òighean
Ris a' cheò air feadh nam mòr-bheann —
'N uair a ghluaiseas gaoth o neòil e —
Eiridh e mar sglcò 's na speuraibh.
Hoireann o, &;c.
Och clia 'n ioghnadh mar a ta mi —
Bhi Ian airtneil air bheag mànrain —
Cridhe ciiiirrte, briiite, sàighte
Lc saighdibh gràidli o Bhenus.
Hoireann ò, &c.
* 'S e 'n t-eilean a th' air a chiallachadh an so, aon de
na h-eileanaibh a tha 'a an abhainn am bràigh' Inbher-
neis Tha gach aon diubh so cùmhdaichte le iomadh
seòrsa chraobh is lus : maille ri sin, tha fuaim na h-aibhne
a ghnàth 'an cluasaibh an f hir-thurais, agus coireal gach
eòin a's binne guth 'san caltainn (na thim f hein) a' cur
an coin sgòimh na lanntaire mu 'n cuairt, air mhodh
's gu'n do theab mi ràdh 's an oran
An t-eilean, fiarach, biachar, craobhach,
'N t-eilean measach, preasach, fliirach.
Far an cluinnte 'n am dhuinn dtisgadh
'Chubhag le gu-gtig 'a a' cheitean.
Kara Mìos an t-Samhraidh, 1872-
AN GAIDAEAL.
sr
Ach na 'n cluinneadh fir Chinn-tàile""
E bhi 'falbli nan cnoc le Màiri,
'Cheart cho cinnteacli 's thig am bàs oirnn,
Chuireadh iad thar sail' a' bbeisd uainn!
Hoireann 6, &c.
Ach ged dh'fhalbh thu air di-dòmhnaich
Leis a' bheisd nacb aoir a' cheòlraidh —
'Eudail ma bhios tu deònach
Cha toir Leòdach bho 'na' Cbleir thu.
Hoireann ò, &c.
1871. Alasdair.
FAILTE GAOIL.
A ghaoil! o'n chaidh thu astar uam
'S trom airtnealach mo smuain,
Tha m' inntinn-sa cho sàraichte
Ki bat' an onfhadh cuain, —
A' cuimhneacbadb do mhànrain rium
'Bha tlàth le iomadli buaidh,
A dh' f hag a nis ro chràiteach mi
'S do thiimhachd fada uam.
Ach 's cuimhne leam-sa m' àilleagan
Bhi 'tàmhachd 'n so air chuairt,
'Nuair bha an samhradh 'dealradh oirnn
Le ceòl, le blath's, 's le snuadh;
Is dubhar chraobb 'cur sgàile oirnn
O'n t- Solus Aigh 'na chuairt,
Far 'n trie a rinn sinn gàirdeachas
Le inntinn chàirdeil, shuairc.
0 Thi! 'tha 'riaghladh fhreasdalan
Dean mar is maith 'n ar ciiis. —
Do thoil ro naomha dh'iarradh sinn,
A dh' iocadh dhuit-sa cliii ;
Is deònaich ann ad f habhar dhuinn
Gu 'm faigh sinn fàth ar ruin : — •
Bhi cuideachd anns an fhasach so
An gràdh 's an comunn caorah.
2nd October, 1869.
LiLIDH NAN ElLEAN.
LEABHRAICAEAN URA GAILIG.
Laoidhean eadar-theangaichte
o'n Bheurla.
Air an cur a mach an Glaschu le G
Mac-na-Ceàrdadh, 62 Sràid Earraghàidh.
eil.
'S leòir sealltuinn ris a' clilàr-iunsidh
air son cliii choitchinn an Leabhair
so f haotainn a mach. Tha a' chuid as
•Bho'n earrainn so tuisidh an leughadair gur h-e "Mac
Choinnich mòr Chinn-tùile " is ceanncinuidh do Slhàiri;
agu3 nach còrdadh e lis an Fhin uasail sin an ribhinn
sheirceil ud f haioinn air a mealladli ie coigreach mar
bha JS'iall.
mo de na Laoidhibh air an eadar-
theangachadh le "laoich mhòr ainmeil
na Gàihg," an t-Olla Urr. T. MacLeòid
nach maireann, an t-Olla I. MacLeòid
's a Mharairne, an t-Urr. G. Clèireach
an Cille-mhàilli, ainmean a tha urras-
ach air fiach nan Laoidhean. Tha iad
air an cur ri chèile air son a bhi air an
seinn ('s e sin dòchas an fhir-chruinn-
eachaidh) ann an aoradh follaiseach
maille ri bhi feumail ann an aoradh
teaghlaich. Tha na Gàidheil cho
leanallteach air cleachdaclh, 's gu sòn-
ruichte 'nuair a tha iad 'ga mheas
ceart, 's gu 'm bheil eagal oirnn nach
h-ann air son an fheum ud a's mo a
dh' iarradh iad sealbh air an Leabhar.
Gidheadh tha iad gu nàdurra gràdhacli
air ceòl ; agus tha sinn cinnteach gu 'm
faigh iad ann an so Laoidliean tarbhach
agus beathail air an eadar-theangach-
adh agus air an sgriobhadh gu snasail.
Tha "Bho bheanntan reòta Ghreen-
land" le Mr. MacPhaidein f ior mhaith,
— ruithteach agus litireil. Tha sinn a'
deanamh gnè riaghailt de bin a cunnt-
adh nam mearachdan (ma bhitheas aon
idir ann) a gheibh sinn air da thaobh-
duilleig gach Leabhair ùir, do bhrigh
'sgu'm bheil e iomchuidh dhuinn a
bhi cho feumail 'sa tha e 'nar n-urrainn
do sgriobhadh coimhlionta na Gàilig.
Cha 'n 'eil sinn 'g ar meas feln coimh-
lionta ni 's mo na mòran eile. 'S e am
modh seasmhach a tha sinn a' cur f ' ar
comhair, am modh sgriobhaidh a tha
air a chleachdadh anns na Deasachaidh-
ibh a' s feàrr de'u Bhiobull, agus a bha
air a mheas ceart leis na h-Ollaibh
Stiùbhart, Smith, isMacAoidh; — seadh,
's iad sin na priomhbhunabhasa coit-
chionn ris an do gha bh iadsan. A thaobh
nan Laoidhean so tha iad air an sgriobh-
adh guro-chothroraach; 'sairidli amfear-
cruinneachaidh air cliii. Gidheadh air
an ceud thaobh-duilleig a bhàrr air
nithibh teagmhach eile gheibh sinn am
focal "dhleasnais" air a mhi-litireach-
adh; bu choir, a rèir guè fuaim na
cainute, da n a bhi ann. A ris air an
88
AN GAIDHEAL.
Dara Mios an t-Samhraidh,
duilleig mu dheireadh glieibli sinn
"amhuinn" air a mlii-litireachadh ; 'se
b a bu cliòir a bhi 'n aite m gu bhi
'deanamli athaiTachaidh eadar i'iver
agus "àmhuimi," furnace. 'S ann air
Son sgriobbadli iia cànaine a bhi coimh-
lioiita agus aon-cbruthach a tha sinn
a' toirt nau nithean so fainear.
SEACHD COIREACHAN A TA
CUMANTA.
<3EARAN, DROCH-NADUR, NEO-SHUIMEAL-
EACHD, rEIN-CHUISEACHD, ANBHARR'
lOMGAIN, LEISG, FEIN-THGIL.
Lc Seumas Erasmus Phillips, M.A. Eadar-
tlieangaichte gu Gàilig (le cead an
ùghdair) lc Eobhan Maccolla, Pears'
Eaglais De sglreaehd Easluiig Earra-
gliàidheal, 'suan Eilean, 'sa fritheal-
adh a'n Eaglais a Ghearasdain, 'an
Loch Aber. Air a chur a macli leis a'
Choniunn Urramach 'an Lunnuinn a
ta air son Eolais Chriosdail a nibcud-
achadh.
'S c leabhar luachmhor a tha an so ;
tha a luach a' co-sheasamh gu mòr ann
e bhi a' beautuinn ri uilc a tha cho
sgriosail 's cho trie am measg dhaoine.
Bidh daoine a'stri ris na coireannaibh so
a chur à bith le teagasgaibh feallsan-
achd agus subliailc, 's lèir dhuinn gur
h-e an leigheas a tha Mr. Philhps a
moladh an t-aon ni èifeachdach air an
son. Tha e 'g an toirt f ar comhair,
aon an deigli aon, ann an solus teagaisg
shoisgeulaich, 's a nochdadh na dòigh
air an gabh iad a bhi air an caitheamh
ds. A thaobh an eadar-theangachaidh
tlia a chuid so de 'n leabhar air a
deananih mar nach olc. Tha e sim])lidh,
nàdurra, agus so-thuigsinn. 'S e so
fèin a' phriomhbhunablias ri 'thoirt
fainear ann an eadar-theangachadh
maille ri aire blireithneachail do bhrigli
an iighdair. Anns a chuid so rinn
Mr. Maccolla a ghniomh gu taitneach.
Ach tlia sinn 'g a mheas 'n a dhleas-
annas iomradh a dheanamh air mear-
achdaibh sgriobhaidh an leabhair. Tha
uiread a dh' f hoclaibh air an mi-
litireachadh, anns a' chuid a's mo tha
sinn a creidsinn le fear a chlobhual-
aidh, gus nach biodh e 'na cheartas
do 'n iighdar na mearachdan lionmhor
a tha ann aiumeachaidh.
Tha sinn a' toirt nam mirean priseil a
leanas as an leabhar : —
"gearan."
"Cha bu choir gu'n cluinnteadh fuaim
gearain ann an teaghlach chriosdail air
bith. Cronaichibh 'urc lann air-a slioa
mata ; — aig am iomchuidh, agus 'nuair
'tha cothrom freagarrach a tighinn 's an
rathad — cronaichibh 'ur cairdean air a
shon ; oir ma 'tha Gnàth' f liacail Shol-
aimh ag radh: 'An ti a chronaicheas
duine, na dheigh sin gheibh e ni 's mo
do dheagh-ghean na esan a ni miodal
le, theangaidh.'"
'"Tha nadur-gearanach fior-clironnil
do'n chaithe-beatha dhiadhaidh.. Tha
e 'cur mòr-bhacadh air meudachadh
grais. Tha e toirt oirnn a dhi-chuimhn-
eachadh gu bheil sinn daonnan fo
chiiram Freasdal De. Tha gearan 'g ar
deanadli mi-iomchuidhairsou urnuigh."
"Tha fhios agaibh 'gur e ar Slàn-
uighfhear Beannaichte 'ur n-Eisimpleir
anns an ni so co math 's anns gach ni
eile. Dh' fhuiling Esan ann an iomadh
doigh, 'sann an caochladh inbhe, —
seadli ged bu taireil, sgainnealach an
gnathachadh a fhuair E bitheanda, —
gidheadh aon uair cha d' thai nig gearan
0 bhilibh losa Criosd."
''droch-nadur."
"Tha chuid is mo againn buailteach d'
on dara h-aon de 'na buairidhean a dh'
ainmich mi (am bheil mi 'm meai-achd
sa chuis so?). Tha sinn an darna cuid
'toirt gèill do dhroch nadur a tha bris-
eadh a mach a'm feirg gun cliiall gun
riaghailt, — no do dhroch nadur a tha
'g a nochdadh fein ann an gruaimiche,
coimheasachd, agus dùire."
"LEISG."
"Bhananaoimh bho shcan ag I'iridh
gu moch. Tha 'n sgriobtur a toirt
dearbhaidh gu leor gu'n robh. B'ann
moch 'sa mhaduinn a chunnaic Abram
Dara M'los au t-Samliraidh, 1872.
AN GAIDHEAL.
89
athair nan Creidich, an smuid a bha
'g èiridh suas gu neamh a luaithre
bailtean a chomlmaird. B'ann moch
's a mliaduinn a dh' f halbli e, le ordugh
Dhe, chum gu 'n iobradh e do 'n Uile-
chumhachdach ionmhas grhdhacli a
chridhe, seadh a leanabh Isaac. B' ann
moch 'sa mhaduinn a chur lacob suas
an carragh cloiche air an do leag e
cheann re na h-oidhche, chum gu 'm
biodh i 'na cuimhneachan taiugealais
air a bheannachadh 's air na sochairean
a gheall Dia dha. * * Tha e air
ainmeachadh tri uairean gu 'n robh
loshua a neach a chuireadh an àite
Mhaois, ag èiridh gu moch. Bha
leithid do ghradh aig lob d'a chloinn
'a gu 'n robh e 'gèiridh moch 'sa mhad
uinn a thagradh 's a dh' urnuigh ri Dia
air an son. Agus cha b'e cleachdadh
ainmic a bha'n so. Tha e air innseadh
dhuinn gu 'n d' rinn "lob mar so an
comhnuidh."
"Thasinna leughadh mu aon am
aig an d' eirich ar Slanuighear fada
roimh latha. * * 'S iad ceud uair-
ean au latha a's fearr 's a 's ùrala.
; Cha n-eil coir air bhith againn an cum-
; ail bh' Uaithe." "Bha e riamh 'na
I chleachdadh aig Eaglais Chriosd a bhi
I 'toirt misnich agus cothroim d'a cuid
sluaigh air son aoraidh follaiseach
maidne, co matii ri aoradh diomhair an
t-seomair." "Tha e daonnan a coimh-
earlachadh d' a cuid sluaigh, iiralachd
an latha 'thoirt do sheirbheis aoraidh
Dhd." "Bu choir e 'bhi 'na riaghailt
againn, dol gu aoradh folluiseach, an
car a's luglia, da uair air La 'n Tigh-
earna; acli mur urrain sinn dol da uair,
deanamaid roghainn de 'n mhaduinn."
"Cha n-eil namhaid a'smiosa aig an
urnuigh uaignich, na'n leisg; agus esan
a ta 'tighinn le cabhaig do thigh Dhe,
cia-mar is urrainn e dol gu suidhichte
's gu socair troimli an aidmheil choit-
chionn sin air peacadh — ."
LEABHRAICHEAN a' TIGHINN A MACII. —
Tha ni a bhitheas nuadh do na Gàidh-
€ÌI — " Almanaic Ghàilig" — a' tighinn a
mach an drasd, air a deasachadh, tba
sinn a' tuigsinn, leis an Urr. U. Ros,
am Baile-Bhòid. ThaLeabhar Urnuigh
Charsueil, a bha 'n a ghnè Easbuig air
Earraghàidheal 'sna h-Eilemibh aig
am an Ath-leasachaidh, 'g a chur an
clò as ùr fo ullachadh an OUa T. Mac
Lachlainn. 'S e so an ceud leabhar
Gàilig a chaidh a chur an clò riamh.
Tha sinn a' tuigsinn gur h-ann an
Caisteal Inbher- Aoraidh a tha am M.S.
a's aosda de'n Leabhar; agus gur h-e
ball eàrnais a' s measaile a tha aig an
Diùc. A bhàrr air eadar-theangachadh
nan Albannach Urramach tha mar an
ceudna eachdraidh eaglais na h-Alba,
's an aon leabhar leis an OUa Mac
Aoidh; tha an leabhar fiachail so
a nis acli gann criochnaichte. Tha
neach sònruichte ag iomradh mar an
ceudna gu 'm bheil e ri Laoidhibh agus
. riDànaibh D. Chamaroin nach mair-
eann a bha 'n a mhaighstear sgoile an
Uibhist a chur a mach. Tha "Cian-
dhàin" (Neniae) le N. Mac Neill a bha
air an gealltuinn o cheann fhada gu
bhi mach gun dàil. Air dha ath-
smuaineachadh riinaicli an t-tighdar tri
dàin eile, am measg am bheil a' cheud
Phàirt de Dhuan-Mòr air "Emanuel," a
chur a mach maille ris na "Cian-dhàin."
Tha sinn a' tuigsinn gu 'm bheil
"Beath-Eachdraidh Chaluim-chille" a
thòisioh air tighinn a mach anus "A'
Ghàidheal" le A. Camaron nach mair-
eann air a cur a mach air dhòigh eile
an Dunèideann.
ORAID GHAILIG.
Air a' chuigeamh la de 'n Mhàrt
bha Oraid air "Saobh-bharailibh agus
Sgeulachdaibh na Gaidhealtachd" air
a liubliairt ann auGlaschu leis an Urra-
mach Baibeart Blarach, M. A., minis-
teir Eaglais Chaluim-chille. Bha an
talla Ian do luchd-èisdeachd a blia
'nochdadh gu trie, fhad 'sa bha Mr.
Blarach a' labhairt, cho taitneach 's a
bha e dhoibh a bhi 'cluinntinn iom-
90
AN GAIDHEAL.
Dara Mios an t-Samhraddh, 1872
raidh fhileanta air nithibh a b'e tlachd
agus annsachd an oige. Bha'n t-Uasal
coir D. Mac-a'-Mliaighsteir 's a chath-
air. Bhean Mr. Blàracli aun an roimh-
ràdh geàrr, acli a bha farsuinn, snas-
bhriatlirach, ris na h-atharracliaidhibh
a thàinig air a' Ghàidhealtachd, a'
comharrachadh a niacli nan seadhan
anns an robh iad feumail agus amis
nach robh. Chaidh e 'n sin air agh-
aidh gu labhairt air na sgeulachdaibh
a bha aon uair coitchionn aig cagailt
nan Gaidheal, a nochdadh gu'm faigh-
teadh annta dòigh ghleusda, gheur-
chuiseach air nithibh f haotainn a mach.
Am measg mhòran nithe eile labhair
e air "Giseagaibh," ''Droch-chomhal-
tas," "Drocli-shiiil," "Buidseachas,"
"Taibhsean," "UUaidhean," "Daoine
fo gheasaibh," "Da shealladh," agus
an còrr. Thug Mr. Blàrach niìneach-
adh teagasgail agus feumail uapa sud
fa leth a thug Ìuathghàir trie aoibh-
neach o'n chruinneachadh nihòr Ghài-
dheal a bha 'n hUhair. Chaidh guth
cridheil tainge a thoirt do'n Oraidiche
aig an deireadh, agusair do'n nicheudna
bhi air a thoirt do Fhear-na-cathrach,
a' cliuideachd.
BAS UAISLEAN GAIDHEALACH.
'Sann le fior bhròn a tha sinn a'
deauanih geàrr-iomraidh ann an so air
b;is nan nasal grinn', an t-Urramach D.
Mac-'IUeathain, Gleannurchaidh ; A.
Mac - a - Phearsoin, eadar - theangair
LeabharnaBan-righ ; Alasdair Camaron,
Sgriobhaiche am Port-righ, agus Uill-
earn Mac Coinnicli, an Leabhar-reic-
eadair. llinn ]\Ir. Mac Coinnich raòran
air son sgriobhaidhean feumail, luach-
mhor a sgaoileadh feadh na Gàidheal-
tachd. Chuir e a niacli "Turns a
Chriosduidh" ann an clò mòr farsuinn
le dcilbh òirdliearc nach fhacas le
leabliraichibh Gàilig riamli roimhe. A
bharrachd air feadhainii eile tha mar an
ceudua. "Eachdraidh I'laglais na h-Alba
maille ri Eachdraidh ^nau Albanuach
Urramach" sgriobhta leis an OUa M.
Mac Aoidh, air a cur a mach leis.
Tha 'n obair f hiachail so a nis ach beag
criochnaichte. Do Ghàidheil feadh
taobh tuath Alba tha ainm Mhr. Cam-
arain glè aithnichte. Bha e re tiine
'n a sgriobhaiche ann an Loch-na-Mad-
adh an Uibhist; agus tha cuimhne
thaitneach aig na thàinig 'n a rathad
air a chaoimhueileachd. Sgriobh e
"Eachdraidh an Eilein Sgiathanaich."
agus "Beath-Eachdraidh Chaluim-
chille." 'S ann 's A Ghaidheal a
thàinig an ceud da Chaibideil de 'n
Leabhar mu dheireadh a mach. Cha
robh aim an Mr. Camaron ach duine
òg 'n viair a dh' f halbh e ; tha a bhàs
'n a cliall mòr do sgriobhaidhibh na
Gàilig. 'S mills cuimhne a luchd-
eòlais air Mr. Mac-a-Phearsoin. Bha
e 'n a sgoilear Gailig ro-aithnichte —
cho aithnichte 's gu 'n do mholadh e
do 'n Bhan-righ mar eadar-theangair
ro fhreagarrach air son a leabhair fèin
a bha i iarrtasach a chur an Gailig.
'S e 'n ceathramh neach mu 'm bheil
againn ri facal a radh, am fior bhàrd
agus am fior Chriosdaidh Mr. Mac-
'IUeathain. Dh' fhalbh esan, niòr ann
an làithibh agus ann am nieas, a'
giidan sguaban troma. Bha e 'n a
shearmonaiche tarbhach. Bidli iom-
radh ann an àireamh ri teachd air a
dheanamh air a bhardachd. Bha na
h-uasail gliasda so uile, air falbli o
cheann ghoirid as ar measg, gach neach
fa leth, 'na fhior Charaid do na Gàidli-
eil 's d' an canain. Gu ma fada dcagh
chuimhne air an ainmibh !
CownAiRi.E an tseanduine d'a mhac air
dha bhi 'dol a dh' iarraidh muatha: —
Scachain —
Tc> uallach nam fliinean,
Tc cnap air muineal,
Glog air sitig,
Pi()i)aire na totach, ach,
To bheag; odhar i
An dorus a sabhail fòin,
Na sir 's na seachain.
I
I Leabh.]
TREAS MIOS AN T-SAMHRAIDH, 1872.
[5 Air.
MU NA SEANN GHAIDHEIL.
Mu thoiseach na seachdamh linne blia
ceithir fineachan a chòmhnuidh aa
taobh tuath Bhreatainn : b' iad sin na
Ficti, na Scoti na Breatannaich agus na
h-Anglaich no na Goill. B'iad na
Picti, 'bu lionmhoire agus 'bu treise dhe
na fineachaibh so. Bha ceann tuath na
h-Alba gu h-iomlan aca tuath airCluaidh
agns caolas na Friu ach a mbàin Earr-
aghàidheal a bha aig na Scoti. Bha na
Scoti an seilbh air Earraghàidheal agus
He maille ri pairt de'n Eilean Mhuileach
agus Eileanaibh beaga eile. — Bha na
Breatannaich an Strath-Chluaidh agus
an Dun-Breatann agus an ceann an iar-
dheasna h-Alba. — Agus bha na h-Aììg-
laich anns an tir gu deas air caolas na
Friu ris an abairteadh Braighnich
(Bernicia) leis na seann Bhreatannaich,
dùthaich a tha nis 'deanamh suas
siorramachdan Haddinqtoin, Dhun-
Eidinn agus Linn-Liobhainn, ris an
abrar gu coilchionn na tri Lothianan
maille ri Bericick agus Roxburgh,
fearann a choisiiin iad leis a' chlaidh-
eamh o na Picti mn 'n bhliadhna a.d.
547 'n uair a thàiuig "Ida nam bratach
teine" le 'chuid Ghall do thaobh Deas
na h-Alba. B' e so cend theachd nan
Gall, no nan coigreach o Lochlainn agus
o'n Ghearmailt gu tuineachas a ghabhail
anns an dùthaich. Tha sliochd nan
Gall so a' chòmhnuidh anns an tlr ud
gus an la an diugh. Is ann a N'orth-
umherland an Sasunn a thàinig iad a
stigh do thaobh Deas na h-Alba.
B' àbhaist cogadh a bhi aig na Gaiil
Anglach so ris na Pictich niu thimchioll
an fhearainn, agus bha aca chath fuil-
teach aca air 20mh la de'n Mhàigh, a.d.
686, aig Linne Gharhhain ann an
Siorramachd Aonghais, anns an do
choisinn na Gaidheil Phioteach a' bhuaidh
agus an do mharbhadh Eg/rid mac
Oswy righ nan Gall Sasiinnach maille
ris a' chuid dhe 'armailt. B' e Bruidhe
a bha 'n a righ air na Picti aig an am
sin, agus bha uachdaranachd aige thairis
air Eileanaibh Arcaimli. Mu thimchioll
da fhichead bliadhna an deigh sin a.d.
729, thàinig Aonghas Mac Fhearghais
gu bhi 'na righ 'bu mho agus 'bu
chumhachdaiche a bha am measg nan
seann righrean Gàidhealach. Cheann-
saich e gach aon de na Cinn-fheadhna
ris an abairteadh righrean beaga 's au
am sin, agus thug e iad fo gheill da
fein mar an "t-Ard-righ" ni's mo na
b' àbhuist doibh a bhi roimhe sin. Mu'u
bhliadhna 733 chaidh e a chogadh ris
na Scoti an Earraghàidheal, cheannsaich
e dùthaich Latharna agus Chapadail,
agus thug e na Scoti fo chis do fein,
.agus chur e aon de a theaghlach fein
d'am b'ainm Aodhan 'na righ os ceann
na tire sin. Theirear "Righ Albainn"
ri Aonghas leis na seanachaidhibh Eir-
ionnach, agus gun teagamh b' esan 'bu
treise agus 'bu chumhachdaiche de na
seann righribh agus is e a leag steidh
na Rioghachd Albannaich mar a dh'fhàs
i suas ann an linnibh an deigh sin. Thog
e Eaglais ann an Cillrimhin agus mar
an ceudna an àitibh eile, agus chuir e an
rioghachd aige fein fo chùram Naomh
Aindreis agus mar onoir do 'n Naomh so
chuir e air leth moran de mhaoin aimsir-
eil mar bheathachadh do na h-Eaglais-
ibh a thog e.
Mu 'n bhliadhna 794 thòisich na
Lochlannaich o thuath air taomadh a
108
AN GAIDHEAL.
TrewMios an t-Samhr^dh, 1872
stigh air Eileanaibh na Gàidhealtachd,
agus loisg iad I-Chalaim-chille, agus
mharbh iad tri fichead agus ochd man-
ach no pears'-Baglais ami an I-Chaluini-
chille. Thac'hair an gniomh oillteil so
anns a' bliliadlina 800, agus air an
aobbar sin cliuir Cusantin Rigli nam
Picteach snas Eaglais mhòr ann an
Duu-Chailein mar Phrlomh Eaglais na
Rioghachd. B' e Cusantin so ogha
Aongbais Mine Phearghais rigb nam
Picti, agus tliug e moran fearainn do
Eaglais Dbun-Cliailein. B' e so an rigb
ris an abradb am bard anns an Duan
Albannacb "An Curai calma Cusantin."
Fhuair e bàs mu thimcbioll na bliadhna
820 agus rioghaicb Aongbas a bbràtbair
'n a àit', oir b'e an seann lagb Albann-
aca gun tigeadb am bràtbair an àite
bràtbar. An deigb sin tbàinig a uibac
fein agus mac a bhratbar gu bbi'nan
righribh, agus 'u uair a mharbh na
Lochlannalch mac a bhratbar fhuair
mic Bhargoid, a phiuthav, an rioghachd,
fear an deigh fir. B' e ainm a' cheud
aoin Fearchar agus ainm an fhir eile
Bride na Bruidhe. 'Nan deigh-san do
bhrigh gu'n do theirig nah-oighreachan
firionnach air na seann Righribh Pict-
each fhuair Coinneach Mac Ailpein righ
nan Scoti an Earragbàidheal an riogh-
achd a chionn gu 'm b' esan an t-oighre
dligheach.
{Ei leaniuinn.) D. B. B,
OISBIN: A LINN AGUS A
BHARDACHD.
(air lkantuinn.)
Tha ioghnadh mòr air ioniadh neach
gu 'in blioil bcusau cho niàlda, stuama
ann an dàin Oisein, agus gun iomradh
uir bith aiinta air an Dia 'tha uile-
chumhachdach. Bithidh e furasda an
ni dragliail so a roiteacliadh le bhi a'
cuimhneachadh gu 'n robh na Gàidlieil
re iomadh bliadhna agus ginealach air
an teagasg leis na Druidhibh subhailc,
gearanuidh. Clia'nedaoine cealgach,
saobh-cbràbhach a bha annta mar
chunnaic sinn cheana. B' ann doibh-
san a thigeadh e luadh a dheanamh air
nithean naomha. B' e so dreuchd is
dleasdanas nan Druidheau. Is ann
eadardhealaichte gu raòr bho so a bha
seirbheis nam filidhean ceolmhor, mor
ghaisge nan triath, is euchdan eireachd-
ail nan daoine meamnach a db' eug 'sa
choisinn dachaidh nam fiath, a sheinn
ann an rannan foiinmhor, ceileireach a
chum treubhantas eiridiun ann an anam
gach laoich, agus brosnuchadh a thoirt
seachad ann an garbh-chunnart nan
sleagh ; b'e so gairm is dreuchd nan Bard.
Tha Oisein, ma ta, a' coimhlionadh gu
fior àbhaist nam filidhean Gàidhealach
'n uair tha e a' seachiiadh gach smuain
chràbhaicb, ged b' e so fiamli a bu
dealraiche agus sgeadachadh a b' àille
snuadh a b' urrainn do smuaintean àrda
's do dhàin rahòrail a chaitheamh.
Ach is i a' cheist a's mo a thog de
bhruailleau ann an iiiiitinnean nan Sas-
unnach 's nan Gall, "Cionnus a thàinig
dàin cho lìonmhor agus cho fada ri dàin
Oisein a nuas troimh cheò is troimh
dhorchadas nan linntean?" Ged dh' aid-
icheamaid gu'n do rioghaich Fionnghal
an talla nan sonn, agus gu'n grad-eireadh
na laoich mu'n cuairt, 'ii uair a ghlac-
adh e sgiath cbaomhail 'n a làimh 's a
chluinnteadh sgreadh na màiUe cruaidhe,
cionnus a b' urrainn do dhàin nan treua
snamh gu tcaruinte thairis air ceo is
dorchadas nam bliadhnachan Hatha?
Tha rabran gun teagamh a' crochadh
air a' cheist so. Chunnaic sinn cheana
gu h-aitbghearr cia mar a d' eirich deal-
achadh am measg nan Gàidheal, agus a
bha gach claim a' leaiituinn 's a' toirt
ùmhlachd do 'n ceannard no'n ceann-
feadhna fein, oir bha iad uile a giùlan
an aon sloinnidh.
Cha d' fliàs gnth nam Bard tosdach
an dcigh do Oisein imcachd gu talla nan
niall. Bha aig gach clann Bard doibh
fein. Is ann bho ghaisgich na Foinue
'bha iad uile deònach a bhi 'tarrniug an
slnnsearachd. ]}u mhòr am meas a bha
iad a' cur air brain na Fcinne, agus bha
Treas Mìos au t-Samhraidh, 1872.
AN GAIDHEAL.
109
na Baird min-eòlach air dàiii Oisein,
Cha robh ni cho comasach air snnnd is
aighear is greadhnachas a dhùsgadh ri
caismeachd nan treun-Iaoch ann an am
spealtadh nan donn-sgiath. Bhitheadh
na Baird ann am meas mor mar so, agus
bhitheadh iad dealasach ann an òrain
na Feione ionnsachadh gu poncail.
Bha am mac a' leantninn an athar anns
an dreuchd so. Ach feudaidh neach
feòraich, "Ciamar a b' urrainn do innt-
inn neach air bith cuimhne a ghleidheadh
go cinnteach neo-mhearachdach air
dain CO fadaf" Anns an latha anns am
bheil sinne beo, tha e da rlreadh duilich
duinn breth chothromach a thoirt air
comas na h-inntinn 'n uair a tha e air a
char ga dùbhlan air a'mhodh so. Feum-
aidh sinn co dhiu, aideachadh gu 'm fas
a' chnimhne ui 's feàrr is ni 's treise le
cleachdainu. Bha na Baird o thus an
làithean a' saoithreachadh ann an rannan
nan sean-laoch ionnsachadh. B' e so a
b' obair doibh, agns cha 'n iongantach
ged bhitheadh iad fileanta ann an rannan
nan sean-laoch a sheinn. Cha do
thionail fòs, dorchadas co neulach,
doilleir air Albainn 's a chòmhdaich
rìoghachdan eile rè ùine co fada. Cal-
um-cill cràbhach agas manaich lona —
cha d' rinn iadsan tàir no dimeas air
dain Oisein. Chum iad lòchran iùil is
soluis, is eòlas a loisgeadh agus a sgaoil-
«adh gathannan greadhnach ann an
dùthchannan elle. Cha'n'eil an smuain
gun bhunchar gu 'n do sgriobh iad sios
na dain a bha air an seinn le mòran,
agus gu 'n do chuidich iad no sgeòil a
dh' aithris Oisein o am o ao'is aiseag a
nuas thar stuadhan ciar-ghlas nan linn-
tean. Thàinig, mar so, làithean a
ohaidh thairis a nuas, 's chaidh cuimhne
a chur air am nan triath, nan seod, nam
flath is threun ghasda nan gniomh. Ann
an oidheachan fada a gheamhraidh, am
feadh a bha teine aoidheil a' deanamh
teach nan Gàidheal sunndach is aireamh
mhor mu thimchioll, is iad dain Oisein
is moladh na Fèinne a bu chulaidh
shùgraidh do 'n chuideachd bhlàth-
chridheach a bha an làthair. Cha robh
teagamh air bith acasan mu dheibhinn
Oisein is na Feinne.
An deigh dhuinn na h-uiread a ràdh
mu dheibhinn Oisein fear-iùil nan ceud
agus fear-togail cliù mu mhac nan trean,
tha sinn uUamh gu ni no dha a chur an
ceill mu thimchioll Sheumais Ic-a'-
Phearsaian, a dh' eadartheangaich bàrd-
achd na Feinne. agus a shaor i gu bràth
bho sgleò na di-chuimhne 'bha teàrnadh
thairis oirre. Ged a b'eiginn da sgiath
bhallach iomchar agus comhraga bheum-
adh an aghaidh cruth Loduinn nan gorm
lann, cha bhitheadh a chàs agus a
shuidheachadh mòran ni bu chruadal-
aiche na bha e, 'n uair a dh' èixùch
feachd 'na aghaidh a' cur nithean
uamhasach as a leth. Is e Mac Fhear-
ghuis a bha rithist 'n a fhear-teagaisg
i ann an oil-thigh Dhùneidinn, a dh' innis
\ do Honie 's iad 'nan oileanaich le chèile,
! gu 'n robh air feadh na Gàidhealtachd
! bàrdachd mheasail, dhreachmhor a
thainig a nuas o aois a dh' aom. Bha
Mac-a'-Phearsainn 'n a oide-foghloim
ann an teaghlach duine uasail d' am
b' ainm Grahame faisg air Dùneidinn.
Thachair gu 'n d' thainig Home an
rathad. Bha seanachas aige ri Mac-a'-
Phearsainn, agus thug e air cuid de
dhàin Oisein eadartheangachadh dha.
Chunnaic Home air ball àilleachd is
cireachdas nan dan, agus nochd e iad do
dhaoinibh foghluimte ann an Duneidinn,
Mhosgail cridhe caoimhneil, faoiUdh an
Ollaimh Bhlàirich le ioghnadh, agus
ghabh e Mac-a'-Pheavsainn air làimh.
Cho-èignich iad an Gàidheal bochd gu
cuairt a ghabhail air feadh eileauan is
tir mor Albainn, cham 'sgu'n cruinn-
ieheadh e na dain a b' urrainn e a thrus-
adh. Bhuin iad gu càirdeil fial ri Mac-
a'-Phearsainn; agus shoirbhich leis gu
maith 'na thurus. Thruis e moran dhan
air a shlighe. Fhuair e cuid mar an
cendna sgriobhta, agus sgriobh e fein
no iadsan a bha maille ris, moran eile
bho aithris nan Gàidheal blàth-chridh-
each d'am bu tlachdmhor dain nau
110
AN GAIDHEAL.
it-Samhraidb,187^
gaisg;each a sheinn. Le deifir mhoir tlieangaich e na dàin a fbuair e, bho
agus chliùiteich dh' eadartlieangaich e"n
t-ionmhas mòr dliàn a chruinnich e.
Buiuiilh gii dlighcach do gach Gàidlieal
teo-cliridlieacb aig am bheil meas is suiin
do f liocail blilàtha nam Bard a cliaidli a
labhairt ri gaisgich gun luheang agus a
dhùisgeadh le 'm foun am blàr, ainm
Sheumais Mhic-a'-Phearsainu a ghleidh-
cadh air chuimhne le spois is mòr-urram.
Chaidli Alac-a'-Phearsaiun fa dheoidh a
Lunnuiun, chum gu'n cuireadli e obair
a Bhàird Ghàidhealaicli anu an uidbeam,
agus gu 'u clò-bliualadh e i, air dha a
h-eadartbeangachadli a db'ionnsuidh na
Beurla. Am feadb a bba e dlcbiollacb
anus a' gbniorah so, dh' eirich comhstri
dhian niu dheibhinn Oisein. Dh' fhàg
Mac-a'-Phearsaiuu ua dàin a db' eadar-
theangaicb e 'n am priomh staid, mar
thionail e feia iad anns a' GhàidheaU
tachd, a chum cotbrom a tboirt do gach
neacb leis am b' àill, a' cbuis a rana-
sacbadh air a shon fein. Tbaom stoirm
ghuineach mu 'cbeanu. Chuir iad as a
letb gu'm b'e fein a b' ùgbdair do ua
dàin a bba e 'g ainmeachadh air Oisein.
Bhitlieadb e 'n a ni anabarracb iongan-
tacb gu'n racbadh Bard air bitb a shir-
eadb ainm am measg nan Gàidbeal a bba
cbeana cian 'n an ciar tballa fein, an
tratb a bba iomadb combarradh agus
dearbhadb aige, gu'n coisneadb e cliù
a bu mb() le bbi 'g an aideachadb e fein.
Chaidli buidbeann a ròghnachadh a
cbura an ni so fbuasgladh le bbi a'
deanamb rannsacbaidh am measg nan
Gàidbeal a dh' fbeucbaiun an robh
aithne aca air Oisein 's air an Fbcinn.
Bba na daoine lionmhor a bba mineòlacb
air conibtbioual nan sgeul a bba ann,
agus air mòr gbaisgeFbionngbailjOscair,
agus Gbuill an garbh-mbeaghar a'
cliruaidli cbòmbraig, nach cuala riarab
iomradh air Mac-a'-Pbearsainn no air a
lucbd-tuailein. Ma bba Mac-a'-Pbear-
-ainn calma, uaibbreach agus àrdanacb,
cba b'anu gun aobbar. Rinn e seirbbis
niliaitli do Oisein. Tha e duilieh beachd
ii tboirt air an dòigb anns an d'eadar-
nach 'eil iad a nis air sgeula ; gidheadb
tha combarradh againn an sud agus an
so a tha a' dearbhadb gu soilleir nach
robh e comasach dùsan molaidbean sil
Sheallamai nan curaidb nach b' fhann, a
dbealbb air tiis. Gidheadb, aidichidh
gach neacb a leugh obair Mbic-a'-Pbear-
sainn, gu'n robh inntinn foin fileanta
agus bàrdail ann an tomhas mòr.
Tha mi a' saoilsinn nach 'eil e comas-
ach do neacb a steidbeacbas aire gu
dùracbdacb air Oisein 'sair a bh?ird-
achd, agus air gach ni a tha a' comh-
arracbadb nan làitbean anns an do
mbosgail e farum nad tend anu an talla
rlgb nan triatb o shinnsearan mora a
mhouaidh, — gun aideachadb gu'n do
sheinn Oisein 's gun do tbog righ
Sheallamai 'n a aonar a lamli
(Ri leantuinn.)
le feart.
CONA.
L AOID H
LE H. BONAR.
Chuala mi guth los' ag ràdh
Thig thugam is eabh fois;
Leag SÌOS air m' uchd do cheanu 'stu sg'itb
Leag sios e 's bi aig clos;
Chum losa thi'iinig mar a bha,
Sgiih, claoidhte, agus trom.
Is fhuair mi annsan ionad tàimh
Is chuir e mi am foun.
Chuala mi guth los' ag ràdh
Feuch bheir mi seach gu saor
Do dh' uisge beò, crom sios is òl
Aig tobar àigh nach traoigh.
Chum losa thàinijj agus dhV)!
Do 'ii t-sruthiui bheò nach gann ;
Bha m' iota caisgt' is m' anam dhùisg
Is beatha, th' agam aun.
Chuala mi guth los' ag rùdh
Is mise soills' an t-saogh'il;
Seal lium, 's a' mhaduinn dealraidh ort,
'ydo ià bidh ge;il a chaoidli.
Hi losa sheail mi agus thuair
Annsan mo reult, 'smo glin'an;
'San t-solus bheò sin giuaisidh mi
Gu deireadli làitli mo tliriall.
Eadar-theau^aichte le R. B.
Tri'as Mios an t-Samhraidh, 1872.
AN GAIDHEAL.
lU
CANADA
^ Air leantuinn o "Chuairtear nan Gleann.") i
Tha sinn leis na leaiias a' crioclmacli- !
adh na bha a^rainn ri thoirt o "Chuairt-
nadur an fhuinn, nàdur na dùthcha
's an dòigh a' s feàrr gu ciuneachadh,
agus gu àite fhaotaiiin dlioibb fein.
Tha sinn 'ga innseadb mar fhirinn
gu'm bheil daoine 'san duthaich sin
ear nan Gleann" mu dheidhinn laig nach robb aona i:)heigbiun an latha
Chauada. Tha nis deich bliadhna thar 1 'chaidh iad air tir gun sgod gun ionn-
fhicheado'n chaidh so a sgriobhadh, sachadh; ach stuama, riaghailteach,
ach tha gach. focal dheth a cheart cho ' seasmbach, saotbaireach, agas ann an
freagarrach an diugh 's a bha e an uair I ceanu tri bbadhua, aig an robb leth-
sin. Ma tha atharracliadh 's am bith i dusan mart, mucan. eunlaitb agus a
's a' chilis 'sann ni's feàrr agus ni's'h-uile goireas a b' urrainn doibh iarr-
fàbharaiche air son an fhir iomruich. | aidh. Ma thogras duine air bith an
Cha mhòr gu 'm bheil ceàrn de 'n
duthaich an diugh anns nach faighear
ainm fheòraich, bheir sinn doibli an
ainm 's an sloinneadh agus an t-àit' a^
pailteas de 'n fhearann a's feàrr (a. tha I an d' fhalbh iad
o chcann ghoirid air 'fhosgladh a mach)
sanr agus a nasgaidh.
Theagamh 's gu 'm faod so tuiteam
an lamhaibh iomadh neach do nach bi
e comasach ceud àireanihan a' "Ghàidh-
eil" fhaicinn, tha sinn a cur sios an so
beagan de 'n bha 'sa' "Ghàidheal"
roimhe so. Ach co dhiii "fuilgidh an
sgeula math 'innseadb da uair:" —
" Gun teagamh airbith 's i soan duth-
aich a's freagaraiche do Ghàidheil dol,
a tha 'cur rompa tir an athraicbean
fhagail. Cha 'n 'eil cosnaiche slàn,
fallain a tha eòlach air obair, agus toil-
ladsan is urrainn beagan airgid a
thoirt leò, na cheannaicheas tiehead no
leth-cheud acair, agus is urrainn pòr
agus eairneis-tighe a cheannach, agus
an teaghlaichean a chumail suas fad
da no tri bhliadhnachan, cha 'u 'eil
duthaich 'san t-saoghal anns an asa do
neach de 'n t-seòrsa so t'iridh o cheum
gu ceum gu cothroni àrd, na ann an
Canada : 's e sin ma chuireas e mach a
clmid airgid Ic faicill agus aire. Neach
air bith is urrainn ceud, no da cheud
punnd sasunnach a thoirt leis, agus a
chuireas a mach e ann am fearann le
each obair a dheanamh nach faod fear- ! tur, cha 'u eagal da, 's eigin gu 'n (^'iricli
ann saor a bbi aige dha fein ann am e gu cothrom agus gu saoibhreas. Ach
fior bheagan bhliadhnachan, agus a bhi tha mòran a dol thairis do America
cho cothromach, socrach, 's a 's miann agus do chearnaibh eile, nach d' rinn
leis, ged nach 'eil peighinn air a sbiubh- 1 maith riamh 'nan duthaich fein — 's cha
al, ma bheir e 'n aire dha fein; 's maimhòani iad math ann an duthaich
tha e glic grunndail, faodaidh e chur eile. 'Sminic a chuala sinn "Am fear
cixl a làimhe an ceann tri no ceithir a a tha carrach 's a' bbaile bhos bidli e
bhliadhnachan na chuireas 'n a chomas carrach 's a' bhaile ud thall :" am fear
àite seasgar fhaotainn da fein agus a athaleisglùnndachau Albuinn, 'snach
ràdh: "'Tha mi nis air mo dhiinan fein do sboii'bbich an so, cha 'mho theid a'
agus feuch co a chuireas dheth mi !"
ladsan aig nacli 'eil airgiod r'a thoirt
leò, ach a tha 'dol a mach mar luchd-
oosnaidh, cbomhairlicheamaid iad a
dh' fhalbh trath 's a' bhliadhna, a
cheud chosnadh math a thachras orra
ghabhail, iad a bhi foighidneach, seas-
mbach, fuireach 'nan luchd-oibre 's'nan
h gus an tug iad gu math
chhis leis thall. Tha seòrsa do dhaoine
's a' Ghàidhealtachd 'tha'curseachad a'
chuid a's fearr d' an làithean ann an
amaideachd — sealgaireachd air mon-
adb, gunnaireachd air cladacb — le
abbagan 'u an deigh air tòir bhèisde
dubba, chat-fhiadhaich agus shionn-
acb; a' luingearachd air ÌDbàtaichean,
ag òl leth-bhodach an so 'sletb-bhodacli
112
AN GAIDHEAL.
TreM>IlosMit-8*mhr idh,1872
an sud, nach diiraichd an lj\mli a chur
ri obair air bith, mur gabli iad ràchdan
feòir car tiota 's an fhogharadh, no
speal car treis 'sa' mhaduinn — a clieann-
chas air uairibh gambain firionn an sud
'san so — leth dhuin-ua.sal agus letli-
dliròbbair — 'na fhleasgach air gach
banai.s — a tbogas oran math, agus a
dhannsas gu gasda, agus an sin a
phòsas. Tha a' bbochduiun a' tighinn
gu grad air — 's eiginn dol do America
no do Australia. Nis deir sinn riii so
ann an clàr an aodainn, cha 'n i sin an
dùthaich idir a fhreagras doibhsan;
cha'n'eil Canada a' toirt mil as bainne
do gach neach gun saothair, mar a bha
tir na h-Eiphit o shean. Tha cuid a
dhaoine mar gum biodh duil aca gu 'n
robh Spain airgid air a cur an làimh
gach neach 'nuair ruigeas e tir chein —
agus nach 'el dad aige r'a dheauamh
ach suidhe sios, ithe agus 61, agus a bhi
subhach. Cha 'n ann mar sin idir.
Do 'n duine eusgaidh stuama, shaoth-
aireach, dheanadach, cliruadalacli, tha
Canada, 'n àite math ; ach do'n lunn-
daire cha 'n eil ann àite 's miosa. Tha
i: 'toirt droch ainm air America-]nu-
thuath, agus do cheàrnaibh eile, gu
bheil mòran a' dol ann nach cinnich-
eaclh ann an ait air bith. Chunnaic
sinn an diugh fèin mòran fhigheadair-
ean (tha a' chùis air atharrachadh
bbo 'n chaidh so a sgriobhadh, gheibh
eadhon an seòrsa so fhein pailteas
de 'n obair nis 'n robh iad cleachda an
Canada an diugh) amhuinntirGhlaschu
a' falbh le 'u teaghlaichean, agus bu
bliochd an sealladh e — daoine nach
nrrainn ruamhar no cur no cliathadh
— daoine nach do laimhsich tuadli, no
tàl, no speal, no corraii riabh — am
basan co min ris an t-sioda — daoine
bochda lag, nacli gearradh dithis diubh
craobh ann an seachduin, nach b'
nn*ainn aon oidhche chur seachad fo
fhasgadh creige gun bhi air am meil-
eachadh le fuachd; agus mnatlian
bochda fann leò, nacli do chuir cas air
cuibhle riabh, nach do bhleodhain mart
o 'n hm an d' rugadh iad. Co cinnt-
each 's a dh' f halbh iad so, 's ann gu
bochduinn agus truaighe ni 's miosa na
dh' ihhg iad.
Tha iomad ni is coir dhoibhsan air
a' bheil miann dol thairis, a thoirt leò,
ach do na h-uile nithe 's e ni a's priseala
's urrainn duine thoirt leis do 'n àite
sin no do dh' àite eile, d^'agfh hhean.
Tha so 'na bheannachadh mòr anns
gach dùthaich, ach as eugmhais mnà
maith ann an tir iir do 'n t-seòrsa so,
"s gann gu bheil e comasach do neach.
cinneachadh na oiridh gu cothrom.
'S i luideag bhochd uasal, chuideil,
leisg, spòrsail do mhnaoi, te nach cuir a
làmh lis gach fearas-tighe 'thig 'na
rathad, an aona chlach-thuislidh a's
miosa 's urrainn teachd an slighe duine
san àite so. — Xa mnathan sin a thogadh
gu h-uasal, feadhain eile 'freasdal
doibh, a chleachd aodach riomhach
agus Ion sòghail, 'n an sineadh air uir-
ighean sioda, a' leughamh leabhraich-
ean, le 'n lamhainean geala leathraich
air am basan mine — b' e 'n amaidcachd
do dlmine le gòraig chuideil do'n
t-seòrsa sin dol do thir ùir : bha e cho
math dha dol do'n choille le cloich-
mhuilinn m'a mhuineal. 'Si a' bhana-
choisniche sgairteil, thapaidh eusgaidh,
an t-aon ni a's priseala 's urrainn duine
thoirt leis — 's luachmhoire i so na a
cudthrom do dh' or — td gun uaill gun
stràic, is urrainn a bhi aighearach
simndacl), ged nach 'eil e comasach dhi
dol air chcilidh o thigh gu tigh — to a
laimhsicheas, ma 's eiginn e, caipe no
gràp, no coran no tuadh, a bhleòdhnas
bò, a ni 'n t-im 's an càise, a bheath-
aicheas mucan agus eunlaith, a spcalgas
connadh ma 's diginn, agus a leagas
craobh. 'S iomad ni is eigin do mhnaoi
i mhaith an tuathanaich ann an Canada
a dheanamh. Imridh i bhi eùlach air
siucar agus siabunn, coinnlean, aran,
agus ionia ni eile, gun tighin air clàd-
adh agus suiomii. 'S eiginn di bhi
eòlacli air feòil agus iasg a shailleadh
— tha e feumail gu 'm bi i eòlach air
Treas Mice an t-Samhraidh, 1872.
AN GAIDHEAL.
113
clò agus aodach a dhath ann an giairm-
ean, màdar no scarlaid, gu 'n luaidh i
e ; gu 'n geàrr i e, gu 'm fuaigh i, cha
'n e ambain cota-bàn as clia'-beag dhi
fein, acb aodacb do na caileagan agus
do na balacbain, acb 's èiginn gu 'n
cum, gu 'n geàrr 's gu' m fuaigb i briog-
ais d' a fear, agus cota-mòr agus osain ;
ann an aon fbacal gu 'm bi i cosmbuil
r'a sin-seanmbair, comasacb air a lamb
a chur ris gacb ni. 'S èiginn gu 'm bi
i aoidheil cridbeil, gun gbruaim gun
ghearan ged nacb robb cupa tea r' a
fbaotainn, no aran cruineacbd, acb
gabbail mar a tbig. An duine aig a
bheil bean de 'n t-seòrsa so, ma tba e
fein mar bu cbòir dba, 'n a cbosnaicbe
math, a' gearradb cbraobb, a rèiteacb-
adb an fhearainn, a' ruambar, a' cur
'sa' cliatbadb; ma cbi e scan aois, cbi
se e fein ann an cotbrom air nacb ruig
fear-cosnaidh gu dilinn 's an kite so.
Tba b-uile pàisde mar tbig e air agbart
'n a cbulaidb-stòrais da, 'n a bbuaun-
acbd agus 'na bheannacbd. Ma tba'n
teagblach so cuimbneacb air an Dia,
ag iarraidb a bheannacbd, a' cur onoir
air a latba naomb, air 'òrduigbean
naomh, is sona iad; bithidh piseach an
dèigh an saotbaireach, bidh beannacb-
adh Dbè fo aon fbàrdaicb leò.
Bidb piseach air an fhirean choir,
Mar pbailm-chrann ùrar glas;
Mar sbeudar àrd air Lebanon,
A' fas gu direacb bras.
LITIR 0 RUNASDACH.
Fhir mo Chridhe,
Thàinig an Gàidheal coir a stigh an
latha roimhe is theid mise an nrras gu ^n
deachaidh furan fuilte a chur air. Agus
cha "n ann ri brosgul no ri sotal a tha mi
mar their mi gur h-aii idh e air fàilte chridh-
eil fhaotainu aig gach cagailt far am bheil
Giiidhlig air a labhairt is air a leughadh.
Cha 'n 'eil mi ag ràdh gu 'm bheil e saor o
mhearachd, no gu 'm bheil e air gach dòigh
Cha'n aithne dhomhsa. N^'m biodh a
leithid sin do ni ri 'fhaotainn, bhitheadh e
am measg seachd iongantais an t-saoghail,
agus b'fhiach e an t-saothair dol ni b'fhaide
thar tri chriocha baile " gu 'fhaicinn.
Tha mi an d(Schas air an aobhar sin ann an
àite a bhi 'stri li coire fhaotainn, gur h-anu
chuireas gach Gàidheal a ghualainn ris a'
ghnothach gus an oidhirp chliiiiteach agaibh
a dheanadh cho iomlan is a tha i comasach
a bhi. Tha e air a chur as leth 'ur luchd
diithcha, gu 'm bheil iad anabanach deigh-
eil gu bhi a' cur buille air a cheile a thaobh
sgoileireachd Gàidhlig. Tha e air a ràdh
ma tha neach air bith aig am bheil a bheag
do dh'eòlas air cànain aosda na h-Alba, gur
& a' cheud fheum a ni e do 'n eòlas sin, tòis-
eachadh air dearbhadh gu 'n robh gach
neach riamh a sgiiobh Gàidhlig an toiseach
air fein tur ceàrr. Nach robh e(Mas aca aon
chuid air co-dhealbh na cànain no air a brigh,
nach b' aithne dha a litireachadh no a cur
gu snasmhor an eagan a chcile. 'Si so
barail nan Sasunnach mu 'r deidhinn agua
cha bheag a chulaidh spurs" a stiias cuid
dhiubh a dheanadh mu 'n chilis. Is cha 'n
fheud mi a radh nach 'eil beagan aobhar aca
air son am barail. Ach tha mi ann an Ian
dòchas nach bi an ni mar so ni 's f haide. is
gu 'm faic sin gach Gkidheal cia be na bar-
ailean a th' aige, a' leigeil dheth a bhi a
smàdadh muiuntir eile, is le 'uile chomas a
deanadh na dh' Ihaodas e gus an Gàidheal
a dheanadh airidh air cànain agus cliii nan
Finneachan. Tha fhios gu math "Gu'n
saoil am fear a bhios 'na thàmh gur e 'lamh
fein is f heàrr air an stiìiir'' Ach ni 's lugha
na gu'm bheil a mhiann air am bàta a chur
fodha, mar dean e cuideachadh, fanadh e
'n a thosd. a chum is nach cuir e maradh air
an stiiiradair a tha 'deanadh a dhichill, gu
na trast chuislean mealltach agus na cuart-
agan taosgach, fhiaradh air gualainn is
sliasaid na fleasgaivt, a iha mar fhaolan
bhig a' leumnich 's a 'g eiiidh air barraibh
caorach geal nan tonnan uaibhreach, cùl-
ghorm. Tha mi an dòchas a Ghàidheil
rùnaich gu 'n gabh sibh fein agus luchd-
dùthcha mo ghaoil mo leth-sgeul air son
labhairt air a mhodh so. Is tha fhios agam
gu 'n dean sibh sin mar a dh' innseas mi
dhuibh an t-aobhnr, Tha caraid fiachal
agam anns a' bhaile, Cia iheal cho glan
tiiinneach dileas 'sa sheas riabh air bait
broige. Tha e, faodaidh sibh bhi cinnteach,
iomlan. Ach c'àite am bheil an ni tal-
mhaidh a tha saor o mhearachd no iomlan? I am measg luchd -leughaidh a' Ghàidheil; ach
114
AN GAIDHEAL.
Treas MlosaB t-Sanihraidh,
cosmhuil ri iomadh aon eile tha o anabarr-
ach moiteil as an eùlas ìnhionaideach a tha
aige air a' (jhàidhlig. Dh'aithiiich e co a
sgriobh an litir a chuir mi gu'r n-ionnsuidh.
Is ma dh" aitliuich, se nach do chaomhain
an neach a sgriobh i. Cha robh coire fo "n
bhrataidi nacb robh oine. Cha robh sid
ceart is clia robh so ceart. Ach mar thug
e fainear nach d' thug mi iomradh air a'
"Chomunn Chòmhlach" chaidh e air bàin-
idh uile gu Ic'ir. 'S ann do mhuinntir
Chòmhail o fein, is tha e 's an lim bharail
nach 'eil ceùrn eile 's an domhan mhòr oho
maiseach ri Còmhal, no daoine GÌle air agh-
aidh na ciuinne cho direach deas, is cho
fearail treun ris ua Còmhlaich. Air an
aobhar sin cha b' urrainn dha 'thuigsinn
ciamar nach d'thug mi iomradh air a' chom-
unn mheasail sin. Cha chuireadh ni no
neach iompaidh air nach b' ann le h\n thoil
a dh'f hiigadh a mach iad. Cha mhòr nach
d'thug e an t-seichedhiom, 'gam chàineadh
is 'gam smàdadh. "Thusa," ars' esan "a
pgaoimire gun sgoinn ag gabhail ort fein
fiosrachadh a thoirt mu gach comunn Giiidh-
ealach 's a' bhaile, is a' chuideachd Chòmh-
lach a dhearmad. Nach 'eil fhios aig a'
h-uile duine ris an fhiach duine a radh gur
h-e Còmhal gu ùraidh dùthaich na Fèinne.
Nach ann air son achair Fliinn a chaidh an
t-ainm Còmhal a thoirt air a cheàrn mhais-
each sin do dh' Earraghaidheal? Nach 'eil
so air a dhearbhadh gu soilleir le co liutha
àite mu'n cuairt a'chladaicho Ard-na-tcine,
gu Cill-Chatrina a tha air ainmeachadh air
Fionn. Nach 'eil gach "Sron nam Fiann"
gach ''Ardfhinn'' is "Fionabhacan" seadh
is "Loch Fbinn'' fein (ris an abrar gu ceàrr
a nis "Lochfiona,") a'dearbhadh chociiram-
acli 's a bha Triath àrd na Fcaune, Fionn gun
bheud, a' dion oighreachd athar. Is cha
b' fhiach leàtsa a bhuimileir gun mhodh a
ghabhail ort gu 'n robh a leithid do dh' àite
]"i Còmhal ann, no Comunn Cùmhlach auns
a' bhaile." Ud, Ud, arsa mise, air d' athais
a charaid chaoimh, nach f hada o'n a chualas
"tuitidh an capuU coithir-chasach." Is ma
bha an comunn agadsa gun iomradh air cha
b'edimeas idir, ach di-aire a b' aobhar."
"Di aire!" ars' esan. "An cualas a leithid?"
"Ni air a chlò-bhualadh agus mearachdan
de 'n t-seòrsa so aim! Nach bu choir do
ni a tha air a chU\-bhualadh a bhi saor o
gach mearachd, is mur 'eil a' chilis mar sin
cha 'n f liiach o gnùis a thoirt dha. Is beag
a ghabliainn is am Fear-deasachaidh a
ruigheachd agus toirt air mochùig tasdain a
thoirt air an ais dhomh, ni 's lugha na gu'n
toir e dhomh a làmh nach bi an deigh so
aon fhacal air a mhi-Iitireachadh. aon lide
as a h-àite, no aon mhe rachd a' cur mi-
mhaise air gnùis A' Ghàidheil" "Thalia,
thalla, arsa mise, cha'n e ni faoin a dh'fhògh-
nas leat, cha lugha na lùn iomlaineachd, ach
tha eagal orm "gu'm bi a' choir mar a
chumar i" — is tha mi l;\n bheachdaidh nach
ann air taobh duilleagan A' Ghàidheil a
mhàin a tha mearachdan ri am faotainn.
Is theagamli gu 'm bheil cuid do na nithean
a tha thusa a' cur sios mar mhearachdan
ceart gu leòir, ged a tha t-eolas-sa cho neo-
iomlan air a' Ghàidhlig is nach aithnich thu
mar tha an gnothach ceart. Ciod an riagh-
ailt ris am bheil thu a' tomhas an ni? Thn
direach ri do bharail fein, agus nach f heud
e bhi gu'm bheil barail neach eile a chearta
cho fiachail ri do bharail-sa. Gabh mo
chomhairle-sa ma ta, agus an àite a bhi 'strj
ri mearachdan fhaotainn ann an obair
muinntir eile, ma tha 'mhiann ort aobhar na
Gà^dhlig, agus nan Gàidheal a sheasamh,
cuir do ghualainn ris a' ghnothach is dean
ua dh'fhaodas tu gus na mearachdan a chur
ni 's lugha, is gus An Gàidheal a dheanadh
ni 's fiachala, is theid mis an urras dhuit,
nach e mhàin gu'm bi am Fear-deasachaidh
jann ad chomain ach bheir gach neach aig
am bheil gn\dh d'a dhùthaick 'sd'a chanaiu
cliù dhuit. Ach na smaointich air del a
thagradh nan cùig tasdain, oir tha Fear,
deasachaidh A' Ghàidheil "ua dliuino geur-
tapaidh a chunnfiic roinn mhath den
t-saoghal is tha fhios aige ciod is ciall do
"dh' eun an laimh." "Ma tha e geur, tap-
aidh" fhreagair mo charaid, "bheir mise
air gu 'n toir e do nàire asad-sa; ma 'se is
nach sguir thu do bhi 'cur litiiichean g' ;x
ionusaidh." Cha d' thubhairt mi fuin diog,
ach smaointich mi gu 'n robh sin ni b' asa a
radh na dheanadh, oir cha 'n 'eil e furasda
nàire a thoirt as an neach aims nach 'eil i.
Ach coma dh' f lialbh mo charaid ann an
deagli sliaod is tha mi ficjsrach nach e a'
chiad aon a thionndaidheas a chiil air A'
Ghi'iidheal. Ach smaointich mi an doigh
dha m' f hàgail, gu 'r h-ann mar sud a tha
muinntir tuillidh is de<is a dheanadh.
Gheibh iad coire, ach oidhii-p cha toir iad
air ni chur ceart, no a dheanadh ni 's feàrr.
Tha mòran ann is tha iad mar am madadh
's a' phrasaich, cha 'n 'ith iad fein a chòmh-
lach ach cha leig iad do chreutair eile del
g' a coir. Tha fcinealachd is farmad de'n
t-seòrsa so a' milleadh iomadh oidhirp
Treas Miesan t-Samhraidh, 1872.
AN GAIDHEAL.
115
chliùiteich. Ni 's lugha na gu'm bi ni air
a dheanadh anns gach puinc a rcir na bar-
ail aca-san, tha iad lionmhor nach toir air
aon rathad gnùis, do dh' oidhirp air bith a
tha air a deanamh air son math an t-sluaigh.
"Is e sin an toll a mhill an t-seiche" a
thaobh iomadh ni Gàidhealach. Ach tha
mi sàr-thoilichte f haicinn o na Freagairtean
a thug sibhse seachad 's an àireamh mu
dheireadh, gu'm bheil sibhse a' cur roimhibh
nach eirich dhuibhse is do 'N Ghàidheal
mar a dh' eirich do "Bhodachna h-asail."
Tha mi ag iarruidh maitheanais air son
uiread d' ur n-ùine luachmhoir a thoirt suas.
Gabhaibh mo Ieth-sfj;eul ris na Comuinn
Ghàidhealach eile air nach d' thug mi
iomradh. Oir tha aon no dhà dhiu cho
math ris a' Chomunn Chòmhlach air an do
rinn mi dearmad. Tha Comunn Chlach-
na-cuddin, as an còrr, a bu choir a bhi 's an
àireamh. Ach cha'n'eil agam air, ach aid-
eachadh gu 'm bheil mise, cosmhuil ribh
fein, buailteach do mhearachdan. Ach cha
bu mhath leam air a thàilleabh sin gu'n cuir-
eadh c;ardean cùl rium. Slàn leibh. Rath
is piseach gu 'n robh oirbh. Buaidh is
soirbheachadh leis A' Ghiiidheal. Gu ma
fadaabhitheasea'teachdairtiis gach miosgu
fùilte a chur oirnn. is mi, 'ur deadh charaid,
RUNASDACH.
Glaschu air Cluaidh, Ì
20mh de 'n Og-mhios, 1872. J
BEATHA-EACHDRàlDH
CHALUIM-CHILLE
Caib. III.
'N a phearsa, bha Calum-Cillo àrd
duiueil, agus eireachdail. Bha a ghuth
binn, agus làidir; air chor is gu'n
cluianteadh e aig astar mòr, Bha e ro
ghaolach air seinn nan Salra. Chluinn-
teadh gu poncail ann am Muile e, thairis
air a' chaolas, 'nuair a bhitheadh e 'seinn
nan Salm ann an I. Tha e air innseadh
le a luchd-eachdraidh, aig aon am, air
do shagartaibh Drùidheii, agus High
nam Pecht, ionnsuidh a thoirt air
casgadh a chur air aoradhChaluim-Chille
gu'n do sheinn e fein agus beagan do a
bràithribh an cuigearah Salm thar da
f hichead, air dhòigh cho drùidhteach, 's
gu'n robh an Righ air a ghluasad gu
domliain, agus dhion e Calum-Cille o na
sagartaibh, 's ghabh e ris gu caoimhneil.
Chaidh Righ Brid' iompachadh fo
'eisdeachd. Chaluim-Chille, agus bhais-
teadh e leis. Mar thoradh air so, bha
e ro bhàigheìl ri Calum-Cille, agus
ri 'bhràithribh, agus thug e cead agus
cuideachadh dhoibh airson searmonach-
aidhair feadh a Rioghachd; agus tha e
coltacli gu 'n robh e fein a' moladh a'
chreidimh Chrlosdail d' a shluagh. Aig
ciiirt an Righ so, choinnich Calum-Cille
ri prionnsa Eileanau Arcaibh (Orl-net/s),
agus mhol e dha Connac, fear d' a fhògh-
lumaichibh, mar theaclidair soisgeulach,
a bheireadh e do na h-eileanaibh sin.
Bha Calum-Cille agus a chompanaich
ro shaoithreachail am measg l)heanntan
agus ghleanntan na Gàidhealtachd, a'
craobh sgaoileadh an t-soisgeil. Bha iad
mar an ceudna gu trie a'seòladh air
feadh nanEileanananlar, a searmonach-
adh, agus a' togail thighean-aoraidh
anns gach eilean. Bha tlachd àraidh aige
anns an Eilean Sgiathanacb, ait' anns an
deachaidh a shaothair gu mòrabheann-
achadh. Tha cunntas air a thoirt, gu'n
robh e latha a' searmonachadh 's an
eilean sin faisg 'air a' chladach, 's gu'n do
ghlaodh e raach, "Mo chlann, chi sibh
an diugh ceann-feadhna aosda, a chum
re a bheatha gu curamach an lagh
nàdurra, a' teachd gu bhi air a bhaist-
eadb agus gu bàsachadh." Air ball,
bha bata air a faicinn a' tigbinn a dh'
ionnsuidh a' chladaich, agus sean duine
lag 'u a toiseach, — ceann-cinue treubh
anns an nàbachd. Ghiììlain dithis d' a
chompanaich suas e, chuma'cho-thionail,
agus dh' eisd e le dùrachd ri teagasg
Chaluim-Chille, a bha a labhairt troimh
eadar-theaugair. 'N uair a chrioch-
naicheadh an t-searmoin, dh'iarr an
seann duine baisteadh. Chaidh a ghabh-
ail a stigh do 'n eaglais Chriosduidh tre
òrdugh a' bhaistidli aig an am sin fein;
agus air ball dh' eug e! 's chaidh 'adh-
lacadh anns an dearbh ionad 's an robh
an co-thional cruinn. Thachair so aig
beul aibhne, a chaidh ainmeachadh
Q
116
AN GAIDHEAL.
Treas Mios an t-Samhjaidh, 1S72.
uaithe sin, " Tobar Artbraiiain." Bha
eaglais agus Tigh-Manacli air an togail
le Calum-Cille, no a lucbd-Ieanmhuinn,
ann an oilean a blia ann an Loch
Chaluim-Cliille,ansgireachdChillmlioire,
'sanEilcan Sgiathanach. Blia eaglais
mar an ceudna air a h-aiumeachadh air
amis an cilean a tha ann an abhuinn
Shnisoirt. B' e Loch Chalulm-OhiUe
an t-ainm a bha air Loch Phort-righ, o
chionn cheudan bliadhna, agns tha eil-
ean anns an loch sin, ris an abrar fathast
"I-Chalaiin-Chille," Is ainneamh sgir-
eacbd an lar na h-Alba, nach 'eil ainm
Chaluini-Cliille, no fear d' a theachdair-
ibh, air a chumail air chnimline ann an
ainm eaglais no claidh.
Bha Calum-Cille mar an ceudna
saoithreachail aig a' bhaile ann an I.
Bhitheadh e a' teagasg na h-oige, 's ag
uidheamachadh nam foghlumach air son
drenchd na ministreileachd, Bha e a'
caitheamb mòran ùine ann an ùrnuigh,
leughadh, agus sgriobhadh. Bha e a'
cur theacbdairean soisgeulach, cha 'n e
'mhàin air feadh na h-Alba, ach mar an
ceudna do Shasuinn, agus do cheàrn-
aibh eile, do 'n robh eilean I-Chaluim-
Chille 'n a àrd lòchran. "B'fhionnar
an tobar do'n uisge bheo a dh'fhosgladh
's an eilean uaigneach sin, agus b' ioc-
shlaint do dh' iomadh dùthaich thioraim,
tbartmhoir, na ernthana faltain a bha
'sgaoileadb uaithe gu fada, farsuing."
Air latba na Sàbaid, an naoitheamb
la de mlnos mlieadhonaicb an t-samh-
ruidb, 'b a bhliadhna 597, anns an
t-seacbd bliadhna deug thar thri fichead
d'a aois, chriochnaicb Calum-Cille a
thuras, agus cbaidh a ghairm Icis an
Ard-Mhaighstir o shaothairibblionmhor,
cbum suaimhneis siorruidh. An latba
roimh 'n oidbcbe a cbaocbail e, dbirich
e an cnoc os ceann a' Chlachain. ann an
I, ghabb e a chead do 'n eilean 's da na
tighibh-aoraidh, agus db' fbàg e a
bheannacbd aig a bhràitbribh. Air dha
teachd a niias, loan e air atb-sgrlobhadb
Lealjhair nan Saim, gus 'n do ràinig e
meadhou an treas salm deug thar an
fbicbead, 'nuair a stad e; agus db'ainm-
icb e Baithein mar an neach a ghabh-
adb 'àite. Chuartaicb e an sin an t-aor-
adb gnatbaicbte anns an eaglais, 'sthug
e na h-aitbeantan mu dheireadh do
'bbràithribb, a' guidheadh gu'm bith-
eadh sith agus gràdb ghnàtb a' riaghladh
'n am measg. Aig meadbon-oidhcbe
chaidh e a ris do'n eaglais a db'virnuigh.
's fhuaradh an sin e 'n a shineadh gun
lùs, le Diarmad. Chruinnich a' bhuidb-
eann uile mu chuairt da, a' gul airson
esan a bha 'n a athair dhoibb a bbi nis
a' bàsacbadh. Dh'fbosgail e a sbiiilean
's dh' ambairc e orra le gràdh agus
aoibbneas, an sealladb mu dheireadh.
An sin dhùin e air an t-saogbal so iad
a chum am fosglaidb ann an gloir.
"Agus cbuala mi guth o nèamh, ag
radh rium, Sgrlobb, Is beannaichte ua
mairbh a gheibh bas 's an Tighearn, a.
so a macb: Seadh, tha an Spiorad ag
radh, chum gu faigb iad fois o'n
saothair; agus leanaidb an oibre iad."
(Taisb. xiv. 13.) "Agus doalraidb iad-
san a tha glic mar shoilleireachd nan
speur; agus iadsau a thionndaidbeas
mòran gu fireantacbd mar na reultan,
fad saoghal nan saoghal." (Dan. xii. 3.)
"Aig Dia 's ro-pbrlseil bas a naomb,"
(Salm cxvi. 15.)
" Acli CO an cridli' a bhreitnnicn e,
No 'n t-suil a chminaic riamh,
Mòr mlieud is gnè an uUuchaidh,
D'a pliobuU fein rinn Dia !
A oil 's sona dhoibli 's is beannaicht' iad
'Fluiair aithne ghlau air Criosd :
Oir meallaidh iad, \\ a chomunn san,
An sonas ud, gu sior!"
Cbaidh an obair a thoisicb Calum-
Cille a ghiùlan air a b-adhairt leis na
teachdairibh a db'fbàg e 'na dheigb gu
soirbbeasach; agus bha I-Chaluim-Chille
fad linntean an deigh an ama sin 'n a
chatbair dhiadhachd, eòlais, agus fogh-
luira. Cha robh Calum-Cille air dboigh
's am bith fo riaghladh Eaglais na
Ròimbe, a bha eadhon aig an am sin a'
toiseachadh air fas truaillidh; agus fad
cheudau bliadhna an deigh a bhàis, bha
Treas Mios an t-Samhraidh, 1872.
AN GAIDAEAL.
117
ministeirean I-Chalnim-Chille dealaichte
■o 'n Eaglais sin, agus a' dol fo 'n ainm
Ci'ihlich, a thugadh dhoibh do bhrigh
's gu 'n robh an còmhnnidhean, mar bu
trice, ana an àitibh uaigneach. Bha
ministeirean ionnsaichte agus ainmeil a
ghnàth a' tànih ann an I-Chaluim-Chiile;
agus bha cruinneachadh mor do leabli-
raichibli Inachmhor air an gleidheadh
ann an Tigli-nam-Manach, no Cbatliaii*-
Chùildicli, an sin. Bha cuid de righribh
na h-AIba, Eirinn, agus Lochlainn, agus
moran de chinn-feadhna Ghaidhealach
air an adhlacadh 's an Eilean iomrait-
€ach so. Tha e air aithris gu 'n dubh-
airt Calura-Cille, ùine bheag mu 'n do
chaochail e, —
" I mo chridhe, I mo ghràidh,
'An kit' gutli Mauaich bi'dh geum bà ;
Ach mu 'n tig an saoghal gu crich
Bidh I mar a bha."
Thàiiiig a' cheud chnid de'n fhàighead-
aireaehd so gu teaehd; chaidh Cathair
nan Cùildeach a chreacbadh, 's thuit
aineolas agus dorchadas air an Eilean
sin, a bha 'n a lòchran a measg nan
eileanan. ' Cha 'n 'eil e mi-oholtach
nach'eil coimhlionadh na cuid mu dheir-
eadh de 'n fhàidheadaireachd air tois-
eachadh. Tha I-Chaluim-Chille gach
bliadhna a nis air a fiosrachadh le mil-
tibh as gach duthaich, a tha a' taghail
a choimhead air seann laraichibh a
morachd. Maith a dh'fheudtadh nach
deachaidh na smaointean a dhuisgear
anns an iuutinn ann a bhi a' gluasad
mu ehuairt air ballachaibh briste eag-
laisean I-Chaluim-Chille, agus air na
leacaibh-lighe aosmhor fo 'm bheil
daoine a bha aon uair cumhachdach
'n an luidhe, a chur an cainnt ni 's eir-
eachdaile, na mar a labhair an t-OlIa
Johngon, agus a tha air an eadar-theang-
achadh mar a leanas, ann an Caraidnan
Gàidheal: — "Bha sinn a nis 'n ar seas-
amh air an Eilean ainmeil sin, a b' àrd
lòchran fad linntean, do Ghàidhealtachd
na h-Alba — as an d' fhuair Cinnich
fhiadhaich agus ceathairne bhorba soch-
airean eolais, agus beannachdan na
saorsa. Cha bu chomasach, ged 'a
dh' fheuchtadh ris, an inntinn a thogail
0 na smaointibh a dhiusg an t-aite so,
agus b' amaideach an oidhirp, ged a
bhiodh i comasaeh. Ge b' e ni a,
thàirngeas air falbh sinn o churahachd
ar ceud-fàithean; ge b' e ni a bheir do
na shiubhail o chian, no do na tha
fathast ri tachairt, làmh-an-uachdar air
na tha a làthair, tha so ag àrdachadh
ar n-iubhe mar bhithibh tuigseach.
Gu raa fad uam-sa agus o ra' chàirdibh
an fheallsanachd reòta sin a dh' aomadh
mi gu gluasad gu caoin-shuarach,
eutrom, thar aon ait' a dh' fhàgadh
urramaiohte le gliocas, le fearalas, no le
maise. Cha chulaidh fharmaid an duine
sin nach mothaicheadli a ghràdli d' a
dhùthaich air a neartachadh air blàr-
catha Mharatoin, no an crabhadh nach
blàthaicheadh am measg làraichean
briste I-Chaluim-Chille."
a' chrioch.
RUATHAR MHIC-MHUIRICH.
[Air eadar-theangachadh bho Bheùrla
Aìjtonn^ le Alasdair Mac Neacail.]
Rinn Mac Mhnirich boid
An aghaidh Chloinn Mhic Thàbhais,
Chaidh 'thogail creich' na 'n tlr,
Le rèubainn is le ànnradh;
Oir mhionnaicli ò gu teann,
Gu'n sgriosadh è bho 'n tir lad,
Le cuig-thar-fhichead fear,
Is deich-thar-fhichead piobair!
Ach 'n uair 'ràinig ò
Sios mu leth Srath-Chanain,
Cha robh dhe 'chuid seoid
Ach na triuir 's an làthair:
Sud na bha ri chùl, »
Gu diou 'an am an tuasaid,
Cach bha thall 's a bhos,
A cuir a chruidh air fuadach.
'Ro mhath'! ars' Mac Mhuirich,
'Chaidh ar cliu a dholaidh!
118
AN GAIDHEAL.
Treas Mios an t-Samhraidh, 1872;
Ghillean, feùmair spàirn,
Air bcoihac]i luu 'u deid corrag!
So Mac-Mhic-Mhethusalab,
'Tighinn le 'chuid sluaigh,
Tri fichead fear 's a tri,
'Sna h-uireid de Dhaoin'-u.-iisle'!
(Arsa Mac-Mliic-Mhethusalab)
'Fàilte lubaith dhuibh fcin!
Nach sibhse Triath nan Cattan?
Co dha 'ra bheil ur ceilidh,
'An am tigh 'a so air astar?
So! So! mhic a choin!
Tha sè ceud bliadhn' bho n' dhùraig
Annail bheo na m' ghleauu
Tigh'n air turas spùiunidli.'
(Ars' Mac-Mhuirich)
'De sud 'tha thu 'gràdh?
Tha do bhatbais làidir;
Seallam dhuit, a bhobag,
Ciod è 's cubliaidb gnàtb dhuit.
Chaueil latba tuilleadh
Agad gu bbi beo,
Thugad bbo mo gbunna,
'Sbho'u cblaidbeamh 'tha na m' dbòrn'
'S ait, 'N àil', an sgeul' !
Arsa Flath Cbloinu Tbàbhais,
'S furasda dbomh fhein
Stad 'chuir air do rànaicb.'
'N sin thug Mac-Mbethuselali
Sgal mar leomban gionach,
Tharruing è 'sgian-diibh,
Is sparradair 'n a mhionacb.
Air an dòigb so fhein,
Thainig bus do 'n ghaisgeach,
Dha'm bu cbliu ri 'bheo
'Bbi na dbuine gasda,
Thainig mac na dheigh,
'Bba pùsd air nighean Noah,
Theab gu 'n thraoigh an Dllo
Ijcìs dhe 'n uisg' na dhòl è.
'S bba Ò air a dheanarab,
'S mise fein 'tha cinnteacb,
Nam biodh air tachairt ann
Blasad coir dhe hi Ikach.
llàinig crioch mo sgeoil,
Tha mi 'ra beacbd gur 'h-ùr i,
Ouir mu 'n cuairt an stop,
Is marbhaisg air an ' Duty'l
SAMHLAIDHEAN
AIR NITHIBH SPIORADAIL O NA CREAGAIBH.
Bha e 'n a cbleachdadh cumanta aig
Criosd, 'n uair bha e air an talamh bhi
'gnàthachadh shamhlaidhean 'na theag-
asg. Bha iad sin a' deanamh an ni a
bha e 'cur an cèill ni bu shimplidhe ni
bu so-thuigsinne do 'n t-sluagh a bha
'g èisdeachd ris. Tha an dòigìi theag-
aisg .so feumail anus a h-uile linn;
's cha'n'eil ni air am bheil eòlas againu
nach feud sinn samhladh a dheanamh
dheth a thaobh theagasgan na diadh-
achd. Tha sinn anns na leanas ma ta,
a' dol a ghabhail beachd air na creag-
aibh. Tha sinn eòlacli gu leòir orra ;
agus chi siun ciod a dh' fliògliluimea&
sinn uapa.
AOSMIIORACHD.
Tha luchd eòlais a' cumail a mach
gu 'm bheil aois gle mhor aig na creag-
aibh. Their iad nach 'eil ann am
beagan mhilteau bliadhua ach neo-ni
an coimeas ris an iiine mhòir a chaidh
seachad o 'u rinneadh iad mar a tha
iad, — 's gu 'm feum sinn aireamh mhor
de mhuilleinibh a ghabhail gu ruigsinn
air ais gu breitli nan creag. Ach mòr
's mar tha a leithid sin a dh' aois, is
faoin e ri taobh aois an Ti ris an abrar
"Carraig nan Al." Tha aireamh a
bhliadhnai-san a' dol thar àireimh.
Bha E ann an uchd an Athar shiorr-
uidh mu 'n . robh creag no craobh ana
am bith ; oir 's E a rinu iad uile ; 's tha
E Feiu a' dol air ais fad am measg nan
làithean a dh' f halbh, 'n uair a tha E
'sgriobhadh mu thimchioU Fdin, —
"Chuireadh suas mi o shiorruidheachd."
DÌOMHAIKEACIID AGUS NITHEAN iSO-
THUIGSINN.
Tha cuid de na creagaibh a tha so-
làmhsaichte. Gheibhear iad air uachd-
ar nan raon ; 's feudar an tomhas no 'n
cothromachadh. Chithear iad air an
taobh a thafodha, 'sair an taobh a tha
'n àird, 's air gach taobh mu 'n cuairt
dhiubh;'stha sinn mar sin comasach
air bhi a' gabhail làu eòlais orra. Ach
Treas Mios an t-Samhraidh, 1872.
AN GAIDHEAL.
119
tha creagan eile ann 'scha'n fliaic sinn
ach earrann ro bheag dliiubh; oir tha
a' chuid a's mo dhiubh folaichte gu
tur ann am broinn na talmhainn, 's iad
^a' dol SÌOS a dh'ionnsuidh mòr dhoimh-
neachd a' chruthachaidh, far nach
ruigear le sixil orra, 's far nach fhaighear
■eòlas air an nàdur no an suidheachadh
a thug Dia dhoibh.
Tha nithean a tha 'co-fhreagairt ris
na puincibh so am measg theagasgan
an t-Soisgeil. Tha cuid a dh' fhirinn-
ibh a' Bhiobuill de a' leithid de nàdur
simpb'dh 'sgu 'm feud inntinn an lein-
ibh bhig an cuartachadh ; 's tha teag-
asgan an taghaidh 'sna Trianaid, a tha
ann an tomhas mòr do-rannsaichte.
Cha 'n 'eil sinn a' faicinn dhiubh sin
ach mar gu 'm biodh an eudain, 's tha
iomadh taobh eile dhiubh air an Ian
chòmhdach le diomhaireachd, air nach
•cuir dad ach an t-siorruidheachd solus
duinn. Tha mòran de theagasgaibh
priosail mar so 's an fhirinn a tha air
iomadh dòigh air an slugadh suas ann
an dorchadas troimh nach faic sùil
duine beò — 's tha iad cho àrd 'n an
nàdur 's nach faigh inntinn gu bràth
làn bheachd orra. Tha e f lor nach 'eil
ni o aon cheann gu ceann eile a
Bhiobuill nach 'eil feu mail gu 'm bith-
eamaid 'g a chreidsinn agus a beachd-
smuaineachadh air ; ach tha iomadh ni
a tha mar sin feumail a thaobh am feum
sinn fuireach ann an tomhas mòr a
dh' aineolas, agus a thaobh gur h-i a'
chain nt a 's freagarraiche ann am beul
an fhior Chriosduidh." 0 saoibhreas
araon gliocais agus eòlais De ! Cia do-
rannsachadh a bhreitheanasa agus do-
lorgachaidh a shlighean!"
a' chreag mar bhunait.
An ti leis am miann tigh a chur suas
nach tilg a' ghaoth sios agus nach
giùlain an t-uisge air falbh togaidh e
air bonn làidir na carraige e. Ach tha
nithe eile a bhàrr air tighibh a tha 'g
iarraidh bunaite seasmhaich chum 's
gu'm bitheamaid 'gan socruchadh oirre.
Tha againn anama neo-bhàsmhor a tha
gach la ann an cunnart ; 's cha 'n 'eil ni
feadh an t-saoghail air am bi iad sabh-
ailt ach air Criosd. Cosmhuil ris a'
chreag tha Esan seasmhach gu leòir,
agus coma ciod an t-uallach a shuidh-
ichear air. Cha 'n 'eil peacach fo 'n
ghroin nach f heud a thaice a leigeil air ;
's ged robh a chiont gu bràth cho mòr,
ma bheirear e gu bhi a' socruchadh a
mhàin air an Ti so cumar suas e gun
charuchadh 'scha tig call dha a chaoidh.
a' chreag mar chladh.
Gabh beachd air na creagaibh mar
àit-adhlaiceadh do ainmhidhibh a
fhuair bitli anns na seann linntibh a ^
dh' fhalbh. Tha e 'na ni cho iongant-
ach 's a choinnicheas ri duine 's an
t-saoghal nàdurrach gu'm faighearann
am broinn nan clachan cruaidhe sligean
agas earrannan de lusaibh 's de ainmh-
idhibh de gach seòrsa. Gheibhear na
miltean 's na deich miltean dhiubh so
air a' leithid de dhòigh 's gu 'm bheil
ann am bailtibh mora, eaglaisean agus
tighean costail eile a tha gu h-iomlan
air an deanamh suas de chlachaibh anns
nach 'eil dad ach sligean is closaicheau
nam bèistean marbha a chruthaich Dia
linntean gun àireamh roimhe so. Tha
so 'na ni ro iongantach da rireadh;
's tha luchd-f òghluim a' tarruing iom-
adh leasaja uaith. Ach 'sann a tha
sinne ag iarraidh feum' spioradail a
dheanamh deth. Tha sinn 'ga shamh-
lachadli ri ni a tha 'co-fhreagairt ris am
measg àrd theagasgan an t-iSoisgeil.
'Se Criosd, ma ta, "Carraig nan Al;"
agus theirear mu 'n dream a tha 'creid-
sinn ann gu 'ra bheil iad ann. Tha 'n
Fhirinn ag ràdh, "ma tha neach air
bith ann an Criosd is creutair nuadh e ;"
'stha E fèin a' toirt seachad mar àithne,
iad bhi a' fantuinn arm. Tha iad ami
an Criosd a bhrigh a' Choicheangail
shiorruidh anns am bheil E 'seasamh
air an son, agus 'g an gabhail a stigh
maille ris; 'stha iad ann mar an ceudna
a bhrigh aonaidh dhiomhair a tha an
Spiorad Naomh a' deanamh 'sa' daing-
neachadh. Tha mar so co-fhreagairt-
120
AN GAIDHEAL.
Treai Mios an t-Samhraidh, 137?.
cachd eadar na creagan nàdurrach agns
Criosd, a' Cliarraig spioradail; acli le a' '
leithid so a dli'eadar-dhealachadh, ged
'se na mairbh a gheibliear anuta-san, :
gursluagh heo iad ann an Criosd, a rèir
mar tha E Wn\ ag ràdh, "'Do blirigh
'sgu'm bheil Mise beb, bithidh sibhse
hcb mar an ceudna."
a' chreag mar bhiadii.
Cuiridli so mòr iongantas air-sau a
Jeughas e. A' chreag mar bhiadh !
Co rianih a chuala a' leithid! Gidli-
cadh is ni e a tha cho fior 's a tha e
cho iongantach. Cha'n'eil anns an
aran a th'air a' bliòrd ach ni a thainig
as an talamh ; 's cha 'n 'eil anns an
talamh ach a chreag, air a pronnadh
's air a deanamh min. Bha lii ann,
mar a tha hichd-fòghluim a' cur an
coin, 'n uair nach fhaicinu ach uisge is
cruaidh chreagan feadh farsuinneachd
a' chruthachaidh. Cha threabhadh
crann ann an sin — cha sgriobadh
cliadh — 's cha 'n fhàsadh siol. Ach
rinn reòthadh is uisge — rinn fuachd
agus teas — min-phronnadh air na creag-
aibhsin; 's thionndaidh earrann mhòr
dhiubh gu ùir; 's tha duine agus ain-
mhidh a' faotainn a nis an ni a dh'itheas
iad. 'S ann mar sin a tha sinn a' ciall-
achadh, agus 'sann mar sin a tha e fior,
gur h-ann o 'n chreag a tha 'm biadh a'
tighinn. Ach deanamaid a nis ar
samhuil o 'n so. 'S e Criosd an fhior
chreag; 'se Carraig nan Al E; ach 's e
mar an ceudna an t-aran spioradail c
air am bheil an t-anam gràsmhor a'
beathachadh clium na beatha shiorr-
uidh;'agus mar is èigin do'n chreag a
blii air a pronnadh mu 'n tig biadh
aisde; 'sann mar sin a tha sinn a' tuig-
sinn nach beathaichear an t-anam air
Criosd ach do r(5ir agus mar tha Criosd
air a bhrutiiadh. Tha sinn uime sin
a' leughadh gu 'n do "lotadh E air son
ar n-eucairtean." Bhuineadh gu
(iruaidli ris a' chreig mu 'n d' thainig i
gu blii 'n a meadlion beathachaidh do
chorpan duine; 'sbliuineadh gu cruaidii
iiiar an ceudna ri Criosd ann E bhi .-lir
a throm-smachdachadh leis an Athair
mu 'm b'urrainn ar n-anama bhi 'sealbh-
achadh na beatha shiorruidh.
A. nis ann an co-dhiinadh, 'se ar
mianu a bhi 'moladh, do'n dream a
leughas na briathran so, an Ti Mhòir
ris am bheil ar samhlaidhean ag amh-
arc. Gabhaibh eòlas air mar an Ti a
tha gu Idir luachmhor. Tuigibh gur
neach E a tha araon ro mhòr ann fèin,
agus a rinn nithe iongantach air son a
shluaigh. Seallaibh ris mar an Slàn-
uighear Uil'-fhoghainteach, 'scuiribh
bhur dòchas a thaobh tim is bith-
bbuantachd Annsan.
Baile-nan-cnoc.) C. D.
1872. Ì
CUIMHNEACHAN O SHEANN GHAIDH-
EAL SNA STAIDIBH AONAICIITF,
Baile Ghraidh-Burathaikeil*
ANNS NA StaIDIBH AlfNAlCHTE.
C'eiul mhios an Earraich, 1872.
Fiiilte ort a Ghiii<lheil Oig, — Chuir caraid
iiraid an treas àireamh a m" iounsuidh, oir
bha 1Ì0S aige air a' mliòr ghràdh a bli' agam
do fhànaiii mo leanbaidheachd. Mo
thruaighe mi gu'm bheil mi nis air meiigeadh
innte. Thog an leabliar beag siinnd air
ni' aigne, agus blia ni'inntinn a' sior-chnuas-
achadh ciod a sgriobhainn a d' ionnsuidh.
ThJiinig àireamh do nitiiibh a dh' ionnsuidh
mo chuimhne, ach ròghnaich mi air an iun so
iabiiaiit riut mu dhithis dhaoine misueacliail,
sgairtuil, agus Idin sijciseil nach gabhadh .spid
no mashidh o insai no o uasal. Cha rolih aoii
aca ciiig troidhean air àirdc. Bha aon dhiubh
'na mharsanta a ghnhth a' fall)h uiu'n cuairt
feadh na dùthcha le "nihiilaid air a ghuailnil)h.
'N uair a thigeadh e chum aon de na bailtibh
beaga, chruinnicheadh a' chhinn bheag agus
ruitheadh iad an ddigh a' mharsanta agus
ihionaileadli iad niu'n cuairt air fdin agus
air a mhiiiaid, ni a iiha 'na mhòr thrioblair,
(h)'n mharsanda. i3°i sin a' mhàlaid luachd
nihor! 'N uair a dli' t'hosgailteadh i thugadh,
a' chlann bheag an Ikmhan agus dh'fhosgladh
iad an siiilean le mòr ioghnadh ag riulh ri
cli(^ile, — "Seall! () seall! am fac thu rianih a'
leithid sin." Gu deimhinn bha a' nihiilaid
iongantach! Bha hit' aiir gach seòrsa innte,
agus bhagach seòrsa'na hite fdin. Ribinneau
riomhach de gach dath, mapaiceanan side
agus cainneacli; meurain; snitthadan agus
sniahliiadhail ; dubhain chuilleag a suas gu
dubiiain tiirosg; dathan de gach gnò; tridh-
Philttdelphia.
Treas Mios an t-Samhraidh, 1872.
AN GAIDHEAL.
121
eadh bha gach ni 'n a hite fèin. Bha a' mar-
santa borb ris a' chloinu bhig; agus gu minic
gheibheadh iad stailc leis an t-slait-thonihais
mu'n claig'nibh. Bha e leonta an aond'a
làmhaibh; air son sin fhuair e'n t ainm
suaicheanta, Marsanf a' chliutain; agus air
son a chrosdachd ris a' chloinn, leanadh iad
e o thisjh gu tigb a" glaodhaich 'n a dhèigh,
diutan] cUiUan\
Air lii àraidh bha a' chlaun ghaisgeil ag
eigheach 'na dhdigh air a' mhodh so; dh'fhhs
e ro fheargach riù agus air faicinn fuire feòir
dha, ghabh e'm fore asus ruith e as an dèigh.
Thachair do shean duine coir teachd a mach
o thigh oibre, agus 'n uair a chunnaic e a'
marsanta 'ruith an dèigh na cloinne leis an
fhorc, ruith e am measg na cloinne a' saoil-
sinn gu 'n deanadh a Uithaireachd tèarmun
dhoibh. Thilg a' marsanla am fore air
thuaireamas agusbhuail e'n sean duine mu'n
chalpa; agus chaidh aon d'a mheoir troimh
'n osan agus troinih 'n chraiceann, a' deanadh
loit cràiteich an calpa an t-sean duine, agus
thubhairt e, " Ciod uime thilg ihu'm fore
orm'smi neo-chiontach?" Fhreagair a' mar-
santa, "'mur an robh thu ciontach car son a
ghabh thu sgaoim?"
Aig am eile thachair gu'n d' thàinig mar-
santa chliutain gu l)aile iiraidh auns an robh
duine beag sgairteil a' gabhail còmhnuidb
d' an d' thug an luchd-Uiteachaidh an t ainm
luaicheanta, Am Frionnsa. Bha tigh còmh-
nuidh a' Phrionnsa air bruaich gaineimh,
agus bha sruthan beag uisge a' ruith dlvilh ri
oir na bruaich. Thachair do 'n mharsanta
bhi 'gabhail an rathaid seachad air an tigh,
'sbha"m Prionnsa 'na sheasanih fa chomhair
an doruis. Labhair iad ri chdile air tùs; ach
mu dheireadh thainig briathran searbh' agus
feargach eadar na suinn, an sin scròliail is
buillean. Mu dheireadh ghlac na feara a
choile, gach fear a' stri ri 'nàmhaid a chur gu
taiamh gus an d' thainig iad gu oir na bruaich;
na feara a' tuiteam muin air mhuin anns an
t sruthan. Dh'fhuaraich an t-u,isge mòr
fhearg nan gaisgeach treunmhor agus chuir e
crloch air an streup. Bha mi 'nam bhall
achan anns an am agus cha do dhi-chuimh-
nich mi riamh la blàr a' Phrionnsa agus a'
Mharsanta. Thubhairt neach ris a' Phrionnsa
'n uair a thainig e'n hird air a' bhruaich,
"fhuaras gu math thu mu dheireadh." () an
duine bochd, thubhairt esan; bha e 'gam
bhualadh far an ruigeadh e orm! Bha'm
freagradh so 'na aobhar ghaire do mhòran
fad an dèigh a'chòmhraig; oir cha robh fhins
code'n dithis a b'iiirde. Bha a' marsanta
tana ann am feòil, agus bha 'm Prionnsa
sultmhor, a' chuid a bha dh'uireasbhuidh air
ann an iiirde bha e aige ann an lend.
SEANN GHAIDHEAL.
SUSPIRIA
LE Longfellow.
Gabh iad 0 Bhàis is their air falbh
Gach ni a their thu a 's leat fein;
Tha t' iomhaigh càraicht' air a' chriadh
Ag radh gur leatsa sin, ach sin a mhàin.
Gabh iad 0 Uaigh a's luidheadh iad
Paisgte air do sgeilpibh caol'
Mar aodach chuir an t-anam dheth
Luachmhor ach a mhàin dhuinn fein.
Gabh iad O Shiorruidheachd mhòr
Cha 'n 'eil 'n ar beath' ach osag f haoin
'Tha 'sgaoileadh anns an ùir a blàth
'S gu liir a' lùbadh gheug do chraoibh.
Eadar- iheangaichte le R. B,
LAOIDH NA' BEATHA
Le Longfellow.
(Freagairt cridhe an òganaich do 'n Bhàrd.)
Na innis dliomh am briathran diibhach
Nach 'eil 'nar beatha ach bniadar faoin;
Oir tha an t-anam marbh a chaidleas
'S cha 'u 'eil nithe mar a shaoil.
Tha ar beatha anabarr soluimt'
'Scha'n i 'nuaigh fhuar crioch ar i
Is duslach sibh 's gu duslach pillidh,
Cha d' thubhairt' riabh ri anma dhaoin.'
Cha 'n e toil-inntinn 's cha 'n e mtilad
Ar crioch àraid no ar raad
Ach bhi 'deanadh chum 's gach latha
Gu m bith 'ur maitheas 'dol am meud.
Tha ealain lionmhor 's ùine 'siubhal
'S ged robh 'n cridhe fearail treun
Cha 'n 'eil ann ach druma 'mhulaid
'Bualadh coranach an eig.
Ann am faicli an t-saoghail fharsuing,
Ann an camp na beatha fhior,
Na bith mar ainmhidh balbh gun toiniso-,
Bi ad ghaisgeach anns an stri.
Na cuir earbs' an gean ri tighinn
'S na bi 'caoidh na h-ùine a threig;
Dean, 0 dean, 's an am a tb' agad
Fo cheannsal Dhe le cridhe treun.
Tha beatha dhaoine mòr 'g ar teagasg
Gu 'm feud sin uile stri ri euchd;
Is air dhuinne siubhal dhachaidh
Ceuma f hàgail as ar deigh.
122
AN GAIDHEAL.
Treas Miosan t-Samhraidh, 1872.
Ceiima theagamh 'clii iieacli eile
Air a tluirns troinih an t saogh'l,
BnUhair boclul tha 'call a mhisnich
'S gu 'ni faigli e spiorad iir d' an taobh.
Bith'mid suas ma ta 's ag obair
Le cridh' gun gheilt roinih chruas an
t-saogh'l
A' sior-bhuidhinn 's a' sior-leantuinn
'Fòghlum, foighidin, is saoth'ir.
Eadar-theangaichte le R. B.
RANNAN AIR NOTE PUNND
SASUNNACH
A bba am paipean salacb, saraichde a fhuar-
adh anu am Malairt o sheann bhean aig
an robb ainm Airgiod a bbi^ agus a bha
'g a àicbcadb.
Tha tbusa sin a pbrabag ragach
Ribeach, robach, pbrabacb thruagh;
Meadhon sraicbde, aodan salach,
'S bliith na dosgainn air do ghruaidh.
Fhreagair ise.
"0 cha'n iogbnadh mi bbi prabach,
'S iomadh car a chaidli mi luaidh,
'S iomadh aon a dh' fhi\g mi sona,
Is siiil 'bha air mo dheigh truagh."
Thuhhairt mise.
"Suidh a SÌOS is inns' do naidheachd
Is na greas ro ealamh uam ;
Bheir mi fuin dhuit ait' 's am fan thu,
'S fasgadh tighe a bhios buan."
Fhreagair ise.
"0 cha'n fheud mi fuireach agad,
'S allaban fo m' chois is ruaig;
Cha luaithe a tha mi ann am baile
Na tha mi le cabhaig uaith."
'N tlm a b' f haid' a f hnair mi dh' anail
B' ann aig cailleach Eachain Ruaidh ;
Shnuim i mi am mogan stocaidh
'N seotal ciste glaiste cruaidh.
Luidh mi 'n sin fad iomadh latha
'N toit 'g am dhalladh 'call mo shnuaidh;
'S bhòidicheadh a' chailleach charrach
Nach robh aic' aon f hàirdean ruadh.
Ach air dhi bhi mach air cheilidh
Thàinig reubanach mu 'n cuairt;
ThoU an anainn ; bhris na glàsan ;
'Sfhuair mi ccad na coise uaip!
Ach ma fhuair cha b' fhada 'mbeal mi,
Chaidh an tòir 'n ar deigh gu luath ;
Thug iad mi i'l sail na br.jige,
'S cròis is CL'ir chaidli air mo ghruaidli.
Sheas mi air 1;\ mòr na cùirte,
'S thug mi fiauuis 'measg an t-sluaigh ;
Fhuair a' chailleach air a h-ais mi,
'S fhuair am bus i fein gu luath.
'S ged l^u chruinn a sgriob i còmhlath
Am bonn òir, 's an sgillinn ruadh,
0 bu bhraise 'chaidh a sgaoileadh
Na ni gaoth am moll a ruag'.
Leum na càirdean air a cheile
Mu 'n robh 'n creutair fuar 's an uaigh,
Bha 'n luchd-lagha 'n an cuid fein deth,
Is gach aon ri streupaid chruaidh.
Och, mo l(''ireadh nam bu ni e
'Bhiodh r 'a innseadh anns an t-saoghal,
A' chailleach fhaotainn comas t'iridh
Dh' f haiciun 'n diol' 'bha air a saothair.
O 's ann aice 'bhiodh an cuibhrionn
An och, och 's an guileadh truagh ;
Càch a' faotainn math a cuibhrinn
Is i fein dhol bus le cruas.
'S iomadh piuthar agus bràthair
A tha'n dràsd aic' am measg dhaoin';
'Ncuid 'n a luidhe 'meirgeadh làrah riu
'S feum gu leòr air air gach taobh.
Gabh-sa rabhadh nis o m' òran
Is do dhòrn na gleidh co dùint';
Deansa math le d' stor 's tu 'n làthair;
Sgaoilidh each e 's tu 's an ùir.
Ledaig. J. Campbell.
MAIRI AGUS AN T-ADMIRAL.
Is cleachda leis na Goill a bhi ri fochaid
air na Gàidheil bhochd', air son cho aineol-
ach, maol-thcangach 's a gheibhear iad an
coitcheannas an uair a dh' f heuchas iad ris
a' Bheurla; .'igus, air uairibh, cha'n 'eil teag-
amh nach bi iad a' deanadh thuislidhean agus
mhearachdan gle neònach ; ach dona 'smar
tha na Goill, cha 'n 'eil daoine air bith ann
a tha ni's toithiche air a' bhi a labhairt deth
a cheile, agus ri fala-dhà neolochdach dc
gach seòrsa, na na Giiidheil iad fein. Tha
an sgeulachd bheag a leanas gle chumanta
ann an cuid de cheàruan de Earraghàidheal
agus theagamh gu 'n toir i gàire air bhur
luchd-leughaidh. Cha 'n 'eil mise 'del a
ràdh CO dhiù a tha i fior no nach 'eil; ach
Treas Mlos an t-Samhraidh, 1872.
AN GAIDHEAL.
123
■cin, mar 's am bith a bhiitar 's an am a dli'
fhalbh, is cinnteach mi nach faightear ann
an ceàrn d'an Ghàidhealtachd an diugli, aon
f hear no te cho fada air an ais 's nach bitb-
■eadh fios aca co dhiii 'bu bheatbach no
duine a bha ann an Admiral.
Bha aig boireannach deanadach, glic, aon
uair, tabhartas beag de uibhean ri chur o
•dh'ionnsnidh an Tigh-Mhòir. Air dhith an
cur a suas gu tearuinte ann am bascaid
ghairm i an searbhanta, caileag òg gun
mhòran de eòlas an t-saoghail, agus dh' ear-
ailich is slieòl i dhi cia mar a ghluaiseadh i
i-fein aig an Tigh-Mhòr. "Is bitheanta,"
ars' ise, "leis an Admiral e fein a bhi
'gabhail a shrhid fo sgàil nan craobb anns
an rathad-dhiomhair eadar an Tigh-Mòr agus
an geata, agus ma thachras e ort feuch gu'm
bi thu f ior mhodhail 's gu 'n toir thu a'
h-uile urram da. Ma dh' f heòraicheas e
■dhiot CO as a tha thu, no c' iiite am bheil
thu 'dol, no ciod a tha agad, innsidh tu dha
gu pongail, 's bi cinnteach gu 'n abair thu,
ieV cead, aig deireadh gach freagairt a bheir
thu dha. Aithnichidh tu an t-Admiral clio
luath 's a chi thu e le cheum flathail, ùrd ;
agus is àbhaist da sràidimeachd am bitli-
■eantas le 'churraclid-oidhche dearg air mar
■chòmhdach cinn, agus a nis, a Mhàiri, bi
'falbh agus mo bheannachd a'd' chuideachd!''
Thog a' chaileag bhochd orra gu sùrdail, làn
de na comhairlean a fhuair i; rùini^- i an
^cata mòr 's ghabh i a stigh. Air dhi a bhi
'dlùthachadli air an tigh faicidh i coileach-
Frangach briagh a' steòcadh a nuas 'n a
<x)inneamh cho moiteil 's ged a bu leis fein
an oighreachd - earball sgaoilte 's e 'cur
smiiid as an talamh le bàrr a sgiathan — "Ma
tha Admiral 's an dùthaich," thuirt i rithe
fein, "is e so e. Co nach faodadh aitlmeach-
adh le 'cheum mòrail, uasal, 's mar a tha e
a' dliithchadh orra, comharraichidh mi gu
soilleir a churrachd dearg ceart mar a thuirt
rao bhaua-mhaighstir. Ach is mithicli a bhi
bogadh nan gad' so e 'tighinn ! " Bhog an
coileach a cheann mar fhior dhuin' uasal 's
chuir e ftiilte chridheil orra. Arsa Miiiri,
agus i aig a* cheart am a' deanadh a beic,
"Tha mi a Lismòr, le 'r cead, le 'r cead."
Thug an coileach an dara miolaran as. —
"Tha mi 'dol d' an Tigh-Mhòr, le'r cead,
ie'r cead." An treas uair thug e guileag
sùnndach as, agus f hreagair Màiri, "Uibh-
ean chearcan is gheadh, ler cead, le'r cead."
Le so leig e seachad i Einn i a gnothach
'8 thill i gun 'fhaicinn tuillidh. An uair a
ràinig i dhachaidh dh'fheòraich a bana-
mhaigstir cia mar a chaidh dhi. "Chaidh
gu math 's gu ro mhath," "Am faca tu an
t-Admiral?" "Is mi a chunnaic, — an
t-uasal grinn, ciiirteil, agus flireagair mi a'
h-uile ceisd a chuir e orm, ged is i Fraingis
a labhair e ! ''
Mac Mharcuis.
Rugha-nam-faoileann, Ì
Bealltainn, 1872. j
NITHE NUADH AGUS SEAN.
Chaiuh botul ;>orfa(V a thairgse do Dhrùbh-
air-each Gàidhealach ma'n aidioheadh e an
ddigh dlia each a bh' aige a reic fiiillinnean -
an ainmhidh. Chaidh am botul 61, agus an
sin thubhairt e nach robh ach da chron air an
each. 'Nuair a leigte e niu sgaoil bha e duil-
ich breilh air, agus 'n uair a gheibhte greim
air cha robh feum 'sam bith ann.
Altachadh EiRioNNACH OS ceann mir beag
de fheòil bhruich agus griiinnin de bhuntb-ta
beag:—
O ihusa a bheannaich na builliim 'sna h-eisg
Nis seall air a' bheagan 'tha'n so 'san dii mh^is;
'Sged nach 'eil na buntiita am meudachd ro
mhòr
Do na h uile an so biodh iad lionrahorgu leòr;
Oir 's cinnteach gu'm biodh e 'namhiorbhuil
as ùr
Nan llonadh an cuibhrionn so dhuinnearbrù.
AiR do shearmoin anabarrachdhiùidhteach
a bhi air a toirt seachad ann an Eaglais a
mach air an diithaich, thòisich an luchd èisd-
eaclid uile air gal ach aon duine. Dh'fbeòr-
aicheadh dheth-san, de mar a bha e cho
cruaidh chridheach? Fhreagair e gur h-anu
a bhuineadh esan do sg'ueaclid eile.
Thuirt an dara seirbhiseach ri 'chompan-
ach nach robh ach car mi-chùramach mu
'anam, "car son nach 'eil thu a' tasgaidh
ionmhais duit fein ann an Nòamh?" "Car
son? Dd am feum a tha ann a bhi a' gleidh-
eadh ionmhais an sin far nach faic duine e gu
briith tuilleadh."
'Si an dòigh a's feiirr a chum cridhe duine
a dhaingneachadh anaghaidhsgainneilcreid-
sinn gu'm bheil gach sgeul breugach nach
bu choir a bhi fior.
Bha da, uasal a' fliilteachadh a ch(5ile gij
cridheil, 's'gam moladh fein air son cho
stuama 'sa bha iad. "A nis, a charaid, am
faca tu mise riamh," arsa aon diubh, i'l&
barrachd 'sa b' urrainn mi a ghiùlan?" "O
cha'n fhaca gu dearbh," ars' am fear eile;
"ach shaoil leam iomadh uair gu'm b' fhelirr
duit dol Ah. uair air toir na bha agad.
Dh'thcoraich beanuasal aon uair d'a
Lighiche co dhiù a bha snaosain oronail do 'a
124
AN GAIDHEAL.
, Treas Mlogan »-Samhaidh, 1872^
fantbainn? "Cha'n'eil," ars' esan,"oir cha
doghabhfearaiijan robh eanchainn snaosain
riamh."
Shevrmonaich ininistear ainmeil aon
inbadiiinn o'n cheann teu-jrais?, ''Tha sibh
'n'ur clann aisr an I)ial)hul," agus an tloii;b
inheadhon latha o na (acail, "A chlann, bith-
ibh nmhal d' 'ur pJirantan "
TiiiiRT an Ti-jhcania Mac Neill (Lord
NelsDU) "bha mi a phniith teathramh na
h uaireach roimh'n hin, agus rinn e duine
dhinin."
AN DROBHAIR Mac THAMHAIS.*
So agail)h uaiu;h Phara Mhic Thhmbais,
Drobbair GJi'lacb— baniis? jjun iocbd!
I?ho'n Fhdillratbainn gus an Fhdill Mbiirt-
ainn
Lit cba bhiodb Paraiir fionnar bho'n dibh!
Seacbnaibh a choluiiin a chnuimheagan
ptiiteach
Fòghnaidb a fJiileadh ga'r fhgail air mhisg!
TiiA inntinn mhòr a' deanamh tàir air
dioglialtas.
Cha 'N 'eil esan nach gleidh run diomhair
airidh air caraid a bhi aige.
Na j)òs ach air son gaoii; ach thoir an aire
nach gahh thu gaol ach aircuspair ionmhuinn.
Cha'nc cuibhrionn beag de'n t sàtan a
th' anns an neach a tha 'g ùrnuigh ri Dia agus
a' lot a chòimhearsnaich.
Tha firinn air a breith leinn; agus feum
aidh sinn aineart a tlioirt d'ar nàdur mun
rratb sinn dhinn ar grlulh do'n fhirinn.
NAIDHEACHDAN.
piiA Ard-Sheanaidliean na h-Eaglais
Steidhichte amis na h-Eatilais Saoire cruinn
aig an am àbhaisteacb an Duneidinn, — 's c
sin an deireadli a" Cheitein agns an toiseach
an Og mhios. 'S i aon de na Oeisdean a bii
chudthromaiche a bha fan comhair, Ceisdan
Fhòghluim. 'Sleir duinn gu'm bheil e 'nan
rim uilc, lagh math air son fùgliluim riogh-
achdail fhaotainn a dh' Alba; ach thaiad'gu
math eadar-dhealaichte 'nam beachdan a
thaobh a' chruth a bu choir a dh' Achd Pàr-
hunaid air son f'-ghluim rioghachdail a
ghabhail. Tha buidheann bheag anns an
Eaglais Steidhichte aig am bheil an t-aon
bheachd air a' phuinc ris an Eaglais Chlcir-
*Hero lies Peter McTavish,
A Highland Dmver. jind a terrible gavago.
He was always drunk and never sober.
From Fort-William in June, to Falkirk In Octobeit.
Ye greedy worms beware cf his body.
For 'twill make ynu drunk with whisky toddy.
< Fort William and Falkirk Cattle Trysts.
each Aonaichte, agus ris a' bhuidheann mhòr
anns an Eaglais Shaoir. \Si brigh seasamh
na muinntir so gu'm fhgadh a' Phàrlamaid
aig Buill Bhnnl nan Sgireachdan co dhiubh
a bhiodh am Biobull agus Leabhar-Aith-
ghearr nan Ceisd air an teagasg anns na
Sgoiltibh. Tha a' bhuidheann mhòr 's an
Eaglais Stt'idhichteagus a' bhuidhoannbheag
'san Eaglais Shaoirair son gu'mbinaSgoileaa
Ura dc ghnc nan Sgoilean Sgireachd a tha
againn an driisd, — gu 'm hi iad. a thaobh
teagasg a' Bhiobuill agus Leabhar-Aith-
gliearr nan Ceisd agus nithe eilo, cosmhuil
riu so. 'S ann mar so a bha gutli nan Ard-
Sheanaidhean air a' phuinc. agus a rcir so
chuir iad iarrtuis gus a' Phàrlamaid mu
dheibhimia'5/;(7/. ThuamBill a nis gumath
roimh 'n Phiirlamaid, agus tha dòchas math
d' a thaobh gu 'n tig e roimhe.
A thaobh Ceisd an Aonaidh 's an Eaglais-
Shaoir thug an t-Ard-Sheanadh air a'"
bhliadlma so breith a rcir a' chursa a bha
air a ghabhail le Ard-Sheanaidhean nam
bliadhnaehan a chaidh seachad; — 's e sia
gu'm blieil an taobh mòr a' leantuinn air an.
aghaidh, ged nach 'eil iad a' do! cho bras^
leis an aon rim, 's ag oibreachadh gu s'mih-
ach cinnteach chum na h-aon chriche, — gu'm.
bi Aonadh ann, agus nach bi ro fhada thuige.
A chum na criche so bha da ni a bha ro-
fheumail ri 'n oidhirpeachadh. An toiseach.
bha e iomchuidh gu n gabhadh iad air
mliodh an t-Iomradh a tling an Comuun
Sùnruichte air an Aonadh a steach. Anns
an lomradh so bha c air a mholadh m.ir ni
ro ionmhiaunaic'hte gu in biodh cead air a
thoirt do na h-Eaglaisean fa leth gairmean a
thoirt seachad am measg a cheile ; 's c sin.
gu'm faodadh coimhthional anns an Eaglais
Shaoir gairm a thoirt do mhinisteir anns an
Eaglais Chlcirich Aonaichte. Ghabh an
Eaglais Chleireach Aonaichte ris an ni
cheana; agus tha an Eaglais Shaor air a'
ghnothuch a chur gus na Cleiribh air fad
feadh na rioghachd chum am beachd agus
an guth fliaotainn air a' phuinc roimh 'n ath
Ard-Slieanadh. B'e an dnra ni oidhirp a
thoirt air an Eaglais Steidhichte a dhi-
stcidhcachadh. Rinn an t-Olla Rainy gluas-
ad air a' phuinc air son an d' thug a' mhòr
chuid an guth. Oir tha iad ag amharc air
cho fad agus a bhitheas an Eaglais Steidh-
ichte mar a tha i gu 'm bi an taobh beag
'san Eaglais Shaoir a' scalbuiim rithe le
sùil chaoin, bli\s cridhe, agus theagamh air
son cuideachadh uaipe, no aonadh rithe fa-
dhcòidh. Ma 'n tachradh an ni mu dheir-
Treas Mìosan t-Samhraidh, ]
AN GAIDHEAL.
12^
eadh so bhiodh aa t.seann Ea^Iais Albann
ach ni bii treise na an fheadliainn nach 'ei
Steidbichte ged bhiodh iad ah- fad 'nan aon.
Tha an Eaglais Steidhichte air an làimh
eile '£r a neartachadh agns 'g a h-athleasach
adh fc'in mar a's fearr is iirrainn di. Mar
a's niù a theid aice air so a dheanamh 's ann
a's dorra do chàch a tilgeadh sios.
Le bàs an 011a Urramaich, Tormoid Mac
Leòid, ministear a' Bharony an Glaschu,
chain Eaglais na h-Alba an t-aon a b'ainm
eile d' a ministeiribh. Kugadh e am Baile
Choann-Loch an Ceanntìre 's a' bhliadhna
1812, 'nuair a bha 'athair, "Oaraid nan
Gàidheal," 'n a mhinistear ann. Fhuair e
'fhòglilum an Glaschu, an Duneidinn, is
anns a' Gbermailt. B' e fear de 'n fheadh.
ainn a tha air an sònruchadh gu bhi 'sear-
nionachadh do 'n Bhan-righ'nn, air an robh
c fior eùlach agus aig an robh mòr mheas
air. Shiubhail e as a' bheatha so air an
16mh L\ deug de dhara mios an t-sanihraidh,
'se tri fichead bliadhna dh'aois. Tha mòran
caoidh air feadli na rioghachd air fad, agus
gu sònruichte ann an Glaschu. Bha e ainm-
cil mar Albannach treun, tapaidh, le ceud-
fathan mora, feadh an t-saoghail air fad.
'S fad' mu 'n faicear a leithid 'n ar measg a
rithis. Fhad 's a bha e beò bha aig na
Gàidheil aon neach ainmeil d' an cinrxeadh
fein as am feudadh iad le ceartas niòr uaill
a dhcanarah.
A thaobh Ceisd na h-Alabaraai tha na
c(jirichean neo-chuiraseach air son an robh
n.-^ Stàidean Aonaichte a' tagradh an ti\s ri
bhi air an leigcadh seachad. Le so tha an
cnap-storra a bu mho eadar sinn fein agus
na Sti'iidean air a thoirt as an rathad.
DAN
MU BHAS Chailein Chaimbeil triath
CHLUAIDH.
Tha airm an laoich fo mheirg 'san tiir;
Chòmhdaich ùir an cuiaidh treun;
Bhuail air Alaba speach as ur:
A feachd tròm, tùrsach. 'sileadh dheur.
Mu Ghaisgeach Ghaidheil nan siir bheairt,
Fo ghlais a bhài^, mar dhùil gun toirt:
Triath na Cluaidh bu bhuadhaich feairt;
Ga chaoidh gu tròm, le cridhe goirt.
Air oidhche 's mi m' laidhe 'm shuain,
'S mo smuaintean air luath's na dreig;
Uair agam. 'sa' n sin uam ;
Bhruadair ml 'bhi shuas air creig.
Thoir leam gu 'n robh teachd 'nam choir,
Fo bhratach bhroin de shròl dubh
Sar mhaighdean mhaiseach, mhòr;
Tiamhaidh, leont'bha ceòl a guth.
Mar dhrillseadh reult, bha gorm shiiil;
A glan ghnuis cho geal 's an sneachd;
Bha fait donn air sniorah mu 'cùl: —
Tiugh chiabha dluth nan iomadh dath.
M'a ceann bha clogaid do dh-f hior chruaidh
Ri barr bha dualach o'n each ghlas; '
A laimh dheas, chum sleagh na buaidh;-
Ciaidheamh truailte, suas ri 'leis.
Sgiath chopach, obair sheòlt',
Le mòrchuis 'na laimh chli.
Luireach mhailleach, greist' le h-òr, —
Bu chomhdach do uighean righ.
Laidh leoghaiin garg, gu stuama stòlt'
Mar chaithir dhi-modhair fo reachd:
Chuir leth-ghuth o beul seòlt
A bheisd fo shamhchair, 's fo thur smachd.
Ghrad phlosg mo chridlie 'nam chòm,
Fo uarahas a's trom gheilt, —
Rinn rosg tlath o'n ribhinn rium,
Fuadachadh lom air m" oilt.
Chrom mi sios le mòr mheas
Is dhiosraich mi do threin na mais',
Cia fàth mu n robh a hairm na 'n cries;
Mar shonu 'chum sgii(is, a deanamh deaa.
Ged 'bha a gnuis mar òigh fo Ion,
No ainnir og 'chuir gaol fo chràdh,
Sheall i rium le plathadh bruin,
Measgta le mòralachd is gradh,
Lasaich air mo gheilte 'a m' f hiamh ;
'N uair labhair i 'm briathraibh ciùin: —
"A Ghaidheil aosda, ghlas do chiabh
Mar cheatharnach a liath le ùin.
Triallaidh tu mar 'rinn do sheòrs'
Chum talla fuar, reòt' a bhàis;
Eisd guth binn na deagh sgeòil,
'Toirt cuireadh glòir ri latha grais.
Bha agam-sa curaidh treun —
Gun chomhalt fo 'n ghrein 'am beairt:
Ceannard armailt na' mòr euchd
Thug buaidh 's gach streup, le ceill thar
neart.
Och mo leireadh, beud a leon
reatuinu comhladh le 'trom lot:
O'n Bhan-righ 'chum an duil gun treoir —
Uile còinhdaicht' le bròn-bhrat.
Chain m' armailt ceannard corr,
Air nàmh 'sa' chòmh-strì toradh grath:
Mar dhealan speur na 'n deigh 's an toir;
Bhiodh cosgairt leontach 'n coir a chath,
Air thus nan Gaidheal, 'stiùireadh streup;.
Mar fhireun speur, 'an geuraid beachd;
Gaisg' leoghann garg, 'measg bheathach
frith.
126
AN GAIDHEAL.
Treas Miog an t-Samhraidh, 1872.
Chad' gheill 's an t srith, a dh-aindeoin
' "T:; feachd.
Cha chualas ceannard a thug barr
An teas a bhlur air sàr iian euchd: j
Misneach fhoirfidli, 'an ffleachd nan àr; i
'Tròm acain bais, o chiadh nan creuchd.
Do Ghaidheil ghaisgeil, misneach chorr {
'Am builsgein còmliraig, mor na'm beachd: !
A' toirt na buaidh 'sa cosnadh glMr, I
A dh-aindeoin seòl a's mòrachd feachd.
Mar chogadh Oscar fl;ithail. garg ;
'Us Conn 'na fheirg a dol 's an spairn;
Le Diarmad donn a thuit 's an t-sealg,
'San Sonn a mharbh an Garbh-mac-Staim.
Gach buaidh 'bha annta sud gu leir;
An neart, an trein, an gleus, 's am muhn —
Bha chii a Chaimbeulaich dha 'n reir,
'S 'dol thart an eifeachd anns gach tuirn. —
Ciuin mar mhaighdeann ghràidh 'san t-sith;
Uasal, siobhalt, min 'am beus,
Gaisgeil, gargant, crosg 'san t-sri;
Le cumhachd righ 'cur feachd air ghleus.
Fhuair e urram anns gach ceum,
Thaobh barrachd euchd, 'an streup nan lann.
Rinn d' ar rioghachd 'n a feum,
Air thoiseach thrt^in-fhir thir nam beann.
'S na h-Innsean thug e buaidh ro mhòr,
Le 'iùil 's le seoltachd 'dol thar neart:
Threòraich e na brataich shroil,
""Sa' chomhraig anns bu ghlòir-mhor beairt.
C aite 'n cualas sparradh cath
Bu bhuadhaich sgath na Alma dhearg? —
Fuil a's cuirp air beinn 'sair srath
N' a milltean sreath, fo 'n laoch na fhearg,
Fbuair' o 'n rioghachd meas 'us gloir
Anns gach doigh mar thòs-fhear cath:
Dhiol ar Ban-righ mar bu choir
Dha onair oirdhearg 'measg nam ilath.
Triath Chluaidh nam fuar shruth,
"Mu 'n cualas guth an Oisein bhinn,
A' caoidh nan saoidh, 'ruith dheur gu tiugh
Bha mòralach 'an talla Fhinn,
Ohairmeadh air an uisge 'n sonn
Mar agh nan glonn bu bhonndail coir; —
Cho fad 'e a bhuaileas creag an tonn,
'S air uachdar fonn 'bhios fas an f heoir."
Chriochnaich sgeul an ainnir mhoir,
Mu euchdan gloirmhor an laoich threun ;
Mhosgail mi a m' shuain le bròn ;
A' sileadh dheòir gu 'm b" f hior an sgeul.
A Ghaidheil Ghjaschu, sliochd nan sonn,
A dhfhuadaiche ?dh o thir nam beann ;
Da 'n dual le coir an sruth "s am fonn ; —
Dhuibhse coÌ6rige;im mo rann.
8ibhs' da 'n dealaidh am priomh shar,
'S gach euchd 'thug barr 'rinn Gaidheil
riarah ;
Ri stiiiireadh feachd san gleachd nam blàr
Bhiodh buaidh na laraich sàilt' ri 'ghniomh.
Dearbliaibh gur sibh a\ nan treun,
Ginealach do reir nan sonn;
A bhuanaich cliii thar sliochd fo 'n ghrein,
'Am blar nam beum 's an streup nan tonn.
Cumaibh cuimhn' air laoch an airm
A ghairmeadh air an abhainn Cluaidh
'S a' meall e urram 'theid a sheirm
'S gach linn le toirm ri sgeul a bhuaidh.
AoNGHAs Mac-Dhòmhnuill.
SOP AS GACH SETD.
Millidh aire iasad.
Ceilidh gràdh grìiin.
Thig math a mulad.
Se farmad a ni treabhadh.
Ceisd bradaig air briagaig.
Dean fanaid air do sheanu bhrògan.
Cha robh miann dithis air aon inhdis.
Dean do gharadh far an d' rinn thu t' fhuar-
achadh.
Ge cruaidh sgarachduinn, cha robh dithis
gun dealachadh.
'Stric a bha claidhearah math an droch
thruaill.
Ged dignichear an sean-fhocal, cha bhreug-
aichear e.
'S feUrr a bhi leasg gu ceannach. no righinn
gu piiidheadh.
Comhairle caraid gun iarruidh cha d'fhuair
i riamh am meas bu choir.
Cha tig an cota glas cho math do na huile
fear.
"S duiUch triubhas a thoirt o thòin luiui.
' Biodh iadsaa a' bruidhinn 'sbithidh na
I h uibhean againne.
Chain e'm baiie thall 's cha do bhuinig e'm
baile bhos.
Mar thuirt Clag Sciiin, an rud nach buin
duit na buin da.
'"A chailleach, an gabh thu an righ?'
'Cha ghabh o nach gabh e mi'"
B' fheiirr greim caillich na tarruing laoicb.
"Gaoth a dea.s, teas is toradh;
Gaoth an iar, iasg is bainne;
Qaoth a tuath, fuachd is feannadb;
Gaotli an ear, meas air chrannaibh."
Cha bhi torn no tulach,
No cnocan buidhe feurach;
Nach bi seal gu subhach,
Is seal gu dubhach, deuracb.
TOIMHSEACHAIN.
Theid e null air abhainn,
'S thig e nail air abhainn,
'S gearraidh e 'm feur,
'S cha 'n ith se e.
Tteas Mios an t-Samhraidh, 1
AN GAIDHEAL.-
12!
2. Botlian beag is solus as
'S a dhà dhorus dùinte.
3. Oiseag bheag, bliioracli,
'S a mionach slaodadh rithe.
4. Muc dhiibh a steadi an dorus,
'S cnùimli duine 'n a beul.
5. Bha i'n Eirinn, 's bha i 'n Eos,
'S bha i 's a' blieinn eibhinn chais,
'S bithidh i 's a' bhaile so 'n nochd,
Bean a rinn crios m' a cois.
6. BÒ mliaol odliar air an tràigh,
'S laogh 'n a gobbal 's i gun dàir.
Y.'^Theid mi do'nbheinn, a chromada cbruim,
'S cha 'n 'eil anns a' choill, a chromada
cbruim,
Nacb leag mi lem' dhruim, a chromada
cbruim.
8. Cha mbac peathar no bràthar dhomh e,
Cha mbac athar no màthar dhomh e,
Ach 's i mo mhàthair-se,
'Bu mliàthàir do mhàthair an flileas-
gaich.
De 'n càirdeas a bh 'aice ris?
9. Slat chaol, chaol,
Ann an taobh tigh an tuairnir,
'S cha 'n *eil air an t-saoghal,
Na db' fhaodas a gluasad.
10. Tha toimhseachan agam ort,
Cha 'ne d' fliionnadh, 's cha 'n e d' fhalt.
No aon a bhallaibh do chuirp; —
Tha e ort 's cha tomhais thu e.
Fkeagairtean do na Toimhseachain anns
ii' cheathramh Aireamh do'N Ghaidheal,
1. Poit.
2. Ceo.
g. Gunna.
4. Na Tonnan.
5. Am Bàs.
6. Am Bogha-frois.
7. Litir.
8. Loinid.
9. Clair Tuba.
10. A' chlach-steidh.
11. Cii air an robh "Idir" mar ainm.
12. Uisge-beatha.
FKEAGAIRTEAN.
Do I. Mac Mharah.— Bidh "Freagradh
Gaoir' do "Fhiiilte Gaoii" "Liudh nan
Gleann" 'san ath Aireimh.
Do M. Mac M.— Bha e 'n a aobhar gearain
leinn fein cuideachd nach d' thhinig Am
Gaidheal a mach ni bu luaithe. Bidh e an
km as a dhcigh so.
DUANAN BEGIN
Air Bàs Tliormaid 'ic Leuid.
A Leòdaich Urraniaicli 'bu bliinne cliii
'Tha nis an diithaich anns nach rioghaich piau
Tha clann nam Fiann 'g ad chaoidh le deuraibh fial' •
Tha 'n gearan cian air son mar chuir thu ciil
Ri saogh'l neo-chiiiin, 's nach dion thu iad o thnii
Nan Gall ni 's mo ! Do chridhe gaoil bha riamh
A' lionadh thairis le f ior sheirc, 's le miann
Air math do chach. Dhearrs thu mar shoillse iiiil
Troimh shaoghai dubhrach 's am bheil stiùradh dall.
Tha thusa thall, 'sis faoin ar cumha guil; —
Trom sgàile thuit ; 's cha teid ar fradharc fann
Troimh 'n doille thruim 'tha 'snàmh os ceann na tuil';
A^ pàilliun corporr' dh' iadh thu troimh 'n blirat-roinu
Gu tir nan spiorad 's am bheil caoidh air sgur.
Niall Mac Neil
AN GAIDHEAL.
Treas Mios an t-Samhraidh, 1872:
EILEAN AN FHRAOIOH.
Tha Leògbiis bheag riabhach, — bba i riamh 's an Taobh Tuath,
Muir tràgbaidh is lionaidb 'g a h-iadbadh mu 'u cuairt;
'Nuair a dbearrsas a' gbrian oirr' le riagbladb o sbuas
Bheir i fas air gacb siol air son biadb db' an an t-sluagb.
FoNN: — A cbiall nacb mise 'bha'n Eilean an Fbraoicb!
Nam fiadb, nam bradan, nam feadag, 'snan naosg!
Nan locban, nan tòban, nan òsan 'snan caol —
Eilean inuis nam bo, 's àite-còmbnuidb nan laoch !
An t-Eilean ro mbaiseacb, gur pailt ann am biadb;
'Se Eilean a's àillt' air 'n do dbealraicb a' gbrian;
'S e Eilean mo gbràidbs' e, bba 'Gbàilig ann riamh;
'S cba 'n fbalbli i gu bràtb as gu 'n traigli an Cuan Siar!
'N am èiridh na grèine air a sblèibbtibb bidh ceo,
Bidh 'bhanaracb ghuanach 's a' bbuaracli 'n a dorn
Ri gabbail a duanaig 's i 'g uallacb nam bo
'S mac-talla nan creag ri toirt freagairt d' a ceòl.
Air feasgar an t-samliraidh bidh stinnt air gacb sprèidh ;
Bidb 'cbutbag is fonn oirr' ri òran di fein;
Bidh uiseag air Ion agus smeòracb air geig,
'S air cnuic ghlas' is leòidean uain òga ri leum.
Gacb duine 'bba riamb ann bba ciatamb ac' dba,
Gacb ainmbidb air sliabh ann, cba 'n iarr as gu bràtli;
Gacb ian 'tbòid air sgiatb ann bu mbiann leis ann tàmh ;
'S bu mbiann le gacb iasg a bbi 'cliatbadh ri 'tbràigb.
Nam faigbinn mo dbiiracbd 's e 'liiiginn bbi og,
'S gun gbnotliach aig aois rium fbad 's a db' fhaodainn bbi beò;
Bbi 'n am bhuacbaiH' air àiridb fo sbàil nam beann mòr'
'M bad 's am faigbinn an càis' 's bainne blàtli air son oil.
Cha'n fbacas air talamb leam sealladb a's bòidbcb'
Na 'gbrian a' dol sios air taobb siar Eilean Leògbais;
'N crodh-laoidh anns an luacbair, 's am buacbaill' 'u an tòir,
'G an tional gu airidb le àl de laoidb òg'.
Air feasgar a' gbeambraidb tbdid tionndadh gu gniomh
Ri toirt eòlais do cblainn bidb gacb seann duine liatb;
Gach iasgair le 'sbnàtbaid ri càradb a lion,
Gacb nigliean ri cardadh 's a màthair ri sniomli.
B'e mo mbiann bbi 's na badan 's 'na cbleacbd mi bbi òg,
Ri direadb nan creag anns an neadaicb na b-eòin ;
O'n thàinig mi 'Gblascbo tha m' aigueadh fo bhròn,
'S mi 'call mo chuid claistneachd le glagraich nan òrd.
M. MacLeòid.
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT.
JULY, 1872.
BILINGUAL PREACHING
AND ANTI-GAELIC PREJUDICES.
It has been poetically observed, that
"a little learning is a dangerous
thing:" and we are indeed very fain to
thank the poet for having chiselled out
so faultlessly a caution destined to be
so serviceable to erring humanity.
This line alone might be sufficient to pre-
serve among the names of the immor-
tals that of the peevish author of the
poetical Essay on Criticism. The appli-
cation of its teaching, with the view of
putting people on their guard, would
be highly useful in dealing with many
of the utterances of the public oracles
of our day. The youtli of the third
quarter of the nineteenth century have
very great need of having this observa-
tion dinned into their ears in season
and out of season ; they have become
— the blessed heavens deliver us ! — so
utterly and lamentably unconscious of
the superficial habits of tlieir intellec-
tual being • Nevertheless, the young
man of the period is learnedly pretend-
ing; he is even occasionally colossal in
his apparent capacity of dealing with
many questions which are truly mo-
mentous. His quick wit and ready
tongue, voluble in many terms of whose
exact meaning he is never aware, must
busy themselves with every mortal
thing. And he is particularly eloquent
in the expression of his thoughts on
such sacred questions as the inspiration
of Holy Writ, which he summarily dis-
proves by reference to the contradic-
tions of the sacred writers and to the
conflicting opinions of preachers. In-
quire for the source of his light on
the subject, and he refers to some stere-
otyped dicta of Dean Stanley, Colenso,
"VVilkie ColHns, or Dickens ! This is a
specimen of the youth whose critical
and gesthetic education has been fed on
detached newspaper crumbs; whose "
knowledge, if anything he has, deserves
that designation, consists of an undi-
gested, uuassimilated "cram" which he
has plucked from the pages of some Tn-
formation for the People. His whole sys-
tem of learning is based on an element
of Popular Delusions. One would
think, however, that the newspaper
press where talent and common-sense
generally exist, would despise to treat
subjects of earnest and sacred import-
ance after the fashion of the superficial
young man of the period. Such is not
the case. Questions of religion, and
especially those of ecclesiastical interest
are jestingly dealt with, and settled in
a hollow, unthinking style, so that their
very solemnity is made to appear ridic-
ulous. Where, above all, subjects of
sacred and Celtic interest arise blended
or combined together, then very insan-
ity and stark recklessness parade
themselves before our vision — even
the very stars begin to wander ! High-
land Theology, Highland Preachers,
Highland Church-Government, High-
land Life, and finally, the unfor-
tunate Celt himself have, whenever
the least opportunity offers, their
several characteristics sportingly criti-
cised and condemned as narrow, fanati-
cal, and not in harmony with the
progressive spirit of this practical
enhghtened age. The abiding frequency
130
THE GAEL.
July, 1B72.
of this style of superficial criticism has
been the general cause of our remarks
at present; but the particular one,
is a recent article in Tiie Glasgow
Herald on " The Free Church High-
landers of Dunoon and the Gaelic Lan-
guage."
It is an unfortunate as Avell as an
unpleasant conclusion to the famous
Dunoon case, that the original authors
of the wrangling are left sorrowfully
exclaiming Avith the Herald, that "Gae-
lic will not entirely die away in Dunoon
while the second Free Church Congre-
gation exists to bear testimony for it
and in it." It is a great pity that
Gaelic in this thriving town has been
permitted to live a little longer in this
particular way. This town thrives —
and, lest progress, prosperity, and Gaelic
appear to have any natural affinity, let
the latter be stamped out, — all traces
of the town's Celtic iDre-existence be
swept out of the way ! Men like our-
selves, into whose bones and sinews it
has entered, are not at all vexed that
Gaelic in Dunoon has not been sent to the
very grave by its late oppressors, where
it might sleep in the ashes of its kin-
dred Celtic productions. Long may
itself and the Free Church Highlanders
of Dunoon live ere they finally visit
the tombs of their fathers ! It is really
a great grievance to the Herald and all
other ill-wishers of the Gaelic, that it
has survived as living evidence of Cel-
tic existence. Should the living Gaelic,
however, cease to be, the fond hopes of
the Herald, seeing all traces of Celtic
disappear would not be realised. Still
the Rev. Mr. Macmorran would be left,
and such like. In this veritable 3fac-
morran, though destitute of the lingual
proof, is found a living monument of
Celtic influence, even in him a trace of
Celtic life survives. Even after the
Gaelic is dead and buried — after its
fabric has vanished — much " rack" is
left behind; Dvnoon itself, and the
names of the very hills will continue
to speak the ancient language of
Caledonia.
But one of the objects of the Herald's
most venomous shafts is '' the sort of
cross-bred preacher, who thunders in
Gaelic in the forenoon and twaddles in
broken English in the afternoon;" he
does " not quite suit the taste of this,
(the English Free Church people of
wealth residing at Dunoon,) which is
the wealthier and more numerous por-
tion of the congregation. At a fit
opjwrfìnrifì/, an English-speaking cler-
gyman was appointed. The Celtic
language had nearly died out. Why
maintain a useless recognition of it by
Gaelic sermons? Those who argued
thus miscalculated the strength of the
Highlanders. They objected, they pro-
tested, they appealed, they determined
to open a place of worship of their
own, and, if need be, start a new sect,
having for its dominant doctrine the
beauty and necessity of Gaelic preach-
ing." It is difficult to deal patiently
or seriously Avith statements so unfair,
so unworthy of an educated mind as
the above. It is only a specimen of
the undermining style in which the
press deals with many vital questions.
It is the legitimate offspring of that
uncircumcised Philistinism which has
been so long nursed in the bosom
of English literature; and against
which the true-bred, finely-tuned Eng-
lish mind of our day raises its unavail-
ing voice. The cross-bred preacher has
really many enemies to encounter; not
only has he to meet and grapple with
the great adversary with his legions of
roaring young lions, and all the other
spiritual foes of humanity, but he has
to defend himself from the modern
Philistines who set themselves in oppo-
sition to all real or tran^ccndeidal reno-
vation of the world. These same Phil-
istines never pay their respects to the
beautiful ; they merely concern them-
selves with things that are of the
earth, earthy. And many a terrible
Juij, 1872.
THE GAEL.
131
onset they make on the bilingual
preaching of the Highlander. But
the attack is not always successful.
In the present instance it has been
signally unfortunate. The bilingual
preaching, which the Dunoon people
have been accustomed to for a genera-
tion or two back, must have been of no
inferior species. They enjoyed for a
long time the services of a learned
father and even-going divine, whom
even Free Church Philistines delighted
to raise many years ago to the dignity
of Moderatorsliip of the Free Churcli
Assembly. — We refer to the Rev. Dr.
Macintosh Mackay, whose perfect
shapeliness of body, and general fiue
physical appearance, along with gentle-
manly, highly dignified bearing, used to
attract, when he stood in the Free
Church pulpit of Dunoon, the admiring
attention of the nobly born. His ser-
mons, on the other hand, whether
delivered in the sonorous language of
Ban Macintyre, or in the sharp hissing
tongue of Shakespeare, always partook
of the excellent, whether we consider
the matter, the style, the manner, mode
of utterance, or accuracy of pronuncia-
tion. Is it possible that a man of a
different stamp would be so honoured by
high and low, Gall and Gael, at home
and abroad, as he has been ? Is it possi-
ble that, in an Assembly in the Scottish
Capital where you meet on such occa-
sions with the Hower, the wealth, the
chivalry, and the learning of all the
land, the fashionable lady whose ear is
so finely-strung as to distinguish the
sounds of the various breezes, or the
lawyer who' has devoted years to the
acquisition of faultless accent and
accurate English pronunciation, or
the lady and lord of high degree,
would endure for a moment the tor-
ture of listening to " twaddle in
broken English" from the Moderator's
chair? The thought of the possibility
of such is simply harrowing to the
feeling. Now the fact that Dr. Mac-
Kay, a Gaelic-speaking Celt, once
occupied the Moderator's chair, leaves
no reasonable ground of existence for
the Herald's exulting sneer. The late
Dr. Calder Macintosh, the last Gaelic-
speaking minister the Dunoon people
had, was no common-place man. He,
the man of cultured intellect, of refined
feeling, of piety, and of holy unction,
was as capable of appreciating the true,
the beautiful and the good, in the
highest sense of the terms, as the
Herald has hitherto proved itself to be.
And this mind of his would make itself
known and felt in English.
Other Gaelic-speaking ministers have
been, and are, who have shown them-
selves highly acceptable even to EnglLsh-
speaking congregations; — the whole of
the Macleod family, four of whom have
been Moderators of the General Assem-
blies of their respective churches, — the
two Normans, .John of Morven, and
Roderick, Skye. Among the most
eloquent ministers in Glasgow could
you point, while he lived, to a more
excellent preacher in every way, to a
man of really greater power, greater
unction, than the Rev. Duncan Macnab,
late of Renfield Free Church? Among
the living there are two whose eloquent
voices are well known in Glasgow — the
Revs. Dr. MacGilvray of Aberdeen, and
D. MacGregor of Dundee. The accom-
plished, the refined, the widely-esteemed
Mr. Kennedy of Dingwall is well known.
In broad Scotland, can you point out
one who is a more real preacher, one
more refined even in English ? Many
do not know that the learned and deep-
cultured Dr. Taylor of Crathie, to
whose preaching the Queen delights to
listen, is also a Gaelic-speaking Celt.
Even the generic Highland preacher
we do not hesitate to set side by side
with the English-speaking preacher any
day ; and this we can specially affirm re-
garding the matte?', because the former
is as yet more truly Puritanic, possesses
more of the fiesh and bone of Calvinism.
132
THE GAEL.
July, 1872.
But we forbear. And beg in conclusion
to express our abiding sorrow and con-
trition of soul at seeing a public organ
of the Herald's standing, treating in
such boyish, superficial style, many
questions of serious importance, — fre-
quently disinterring out of the remem-
brance of the grim past bitter feelings
of race which retard the consolidation
of our common Celt-and- Angle-Land.
ANNUAL REPORT of the GAELIC
SCHOOL SOCIETY.
This Society has this year issued its
sixty-first Annual Report, which evi-
dences wonderful vitality, and a widely-
ramifying organization, which, perhaps,
has never been more thorough and
efficient than it is at the present day.
That the Society, preserving its original
energy and gathering more, has outlived
the civil, social, and ecclesiastical
changes which have come over the
Highlands since its institution strongly
evinces the crying need that existed for
schools of the kind, as well as the prac-
tical and far-seeing wisdom which dic-
tated the form it should assume and
the mode of its operations. At the
time of its formation, the prejudices of
the Sasunnach against the Celt, and
everything Celtic, were powerful and
universal; even the teaching of the
Gospel, that we are all of one pair,
human, and sinful, was scarcely able to
overcome the might of such anti})a-
thies of race. It is. this race-feeling,
this element of race-bitterness that has
so fearfully stained and marred the
history of unfortunate Ireland. At
length the brimming charity of the
nineteenth century has begun to take
effect, mollifying the hardness of men's
thoughts of each other. In tliis Society
for the support of Gaelic Schools, we
find the German (as our Sasunnach
friends will have themselves called), and
the Celt laudably bearing the yoke
together in the interest of our common
Christianity. There is so much truth,
vigour, and unction in the following,
that we cannot refrain from quoting it
from the Report : —
" Two generations have come and
gone since the Society was instituted,
but it is still in the vigour of life, and
far, it is hoped, from 'the sere and yel-
low leaf.' During tlie sixty-one years
of the Society's life, it were strange if
no obstacles had occurred calculated to
arrest its progress; but though a few
storms have spent their force upon the
goodly tree, they have but served to
show that its roots were deeply imbed-
ded in the soil of practical wisdom and
enlightened Christian philanthropy,
while at the same they have contri-
buted to fix them all the more firmly
there.
" The practical sagacity which has
dictated the plan upon which the
operations of the Society are conducted,
becomes continually more apparent the
longer it is tested. One might have
imagined common-sense would have
suggested that the most direct way of
educating — in the strict and proper
sense of the term — of drawing out and
developing the intelligence of a peoi)le,
as of an individual, is by beginning
.with what they already know, and
I from that leading them on to what
they do not know. But obvious as it
is, and now an acknowledged truism ia
education, some societies proposing to
themselves the benefit of the High-
landers educationally, were expending
their funds to no good purpose in
systematically ignoring this principle.
Their sole object was to teach the
Higlilanders English, and in order to
effect that purpose Gaelic was turned
out of doors as a barbarous language,
a jargon of uncouth, if not meaningless
sounds, ability to pronounce which con-
stituted a badge of degradation, besides
proving a hindrance to all wordly
advancement. English was to be taught.
July, 1872.
THE GAEL.
133
and EngHsh alone. This effort to drive
home the wedge of education by putting
the broad end foremost, naturally
enough did not succeed, and the poor
Highlander came to be regarded as
almost hopelessly impenetrable. On the
other hand, the Gaelic School Society,
intent chiefly on advancing the moral
and spiritual welfare of our Gaelic-
speaking fellow-countrymen, and know-
ing that truth could be introduced to
their minds through the medium of the
language they were already in po&session
of, more readily than through any other,
did not go about to invent a more cir-
cuitous way of accomplishing that
object. Looking abroad upon the state
of the country, after a century of
misdirected zeal in trying to make the
inhabitants forget their native language
and take kindly to the foreign tongue
of the Sassenach Lowland, it was seen
that many parts of the Highlands and
Islands continued in a state of great
ignorance, and that only a small pro-
portion of the inhabitants could read
in any language. Here the originators
of the Society perceived a door of use-
fulness open before them, and felt that
consideration both of patriotism and
religion called upon them to enter in.
Possessing the means, and with it the
responsibility, they solemnly asked
themselves,
"Shall we, whose souls are lighted
"With wisdom from on high —
Can we to men benighted
The lamp of life deny?"
"Forthwith they girded themselves to
the task, and founded the Gaelic School
Society, which as time wore on, became
a Home Mission, Bible Society and
Educational Institute, all in one. The
Bible has been translated into Gaelic
at an earlier date ; but as nothing had
been done to enable a Gaelic-speaking
population to read it, very few copies
were in circulation. The Book was
sealed even from those for whose benefit
the translation was intended. This
state of things was remedied by the
Society sending out a staff of men with
the love of Christ burning in their own
breastSj to bring the record of that love
to their famished fellow-countrymen,
and teach them how to read with their
own eyes, and in their own tongue,
' the wonderful works of God.' ' He
that winneth souls is wise,' and in this
labour of love the Society has been
largely owned from on high throughout
iis historj'. Often has 'the blessing
of Him who was ready to perish come
upon it,' and it is cause for praise to
the Father of Mercies that you are not
altogether without this blessing in the
present. The Word of God, appealing
to the heart and conscience of the
young in your Schools from day to day,
has its own secret influence distilling
as the dew, and the kingdom of God
comes to one here and there 'without
observation.' Most of the teachers,
besides their ordinary week-day work,
in which the Bible is the chief book
read, have also the charge of Sabbath-
schools. To these, parents come and
listen as their children read the Word
of Life and are examined on what is
read, and upon questions from the.
Shorter Cathecism ; while at times they
themselves also gladly submit to be
catechised. In many places, also, owing
to the remoteness from church of the
stations, the teachers have to conduct
meetings on Sabbath for j)rayer and
reading of Scripture, and often a week-
day meeting besides.
"But it maybe asked, after teaching
Gaelic for sixty-one years, what further
need can there be now for such work
as engages this society? To this it
may be replied, that the Society has
sought to work in localities that are
otherwise totally neglected; that it
has never since its origin been able
to overtake the whole field; — that
the teachers only remain for a few
years in the same station; and that.
134
THE GAEL.
Jnly, 1S72.
even when they return to a former;
station after a lapse of years, the new j
generation which has risen up in the j
interval reipiires to be taught from the :
beginning. Above all, it may be
answered that it is likely that, for
many years to come, a large portion of
the peasantry of the Highlands and
Islands will not know any other lan-
guage than Gaelic. At any rate, they
icnoAv no other at present." * * - *
"And the Directors can not think that
the Society has found any reason to
slacken its hold of the fundamental
principle, that ' it is essential for evtry
■man to he able to read the Word of God
in his own tnnjue.'
The Society gives employment to .S8
Teachers, 8 of whom are located in the
Highlands, and 30 in the Islands.
Of those in the latter there are 13 in
Lewis, 5 in North Uist, 5 in Skye, 3 in
Mull, 2 in Harris, 1 in Coll, 1 in Islay.
Of those stationed on the Mainland,
there are 5 in the county of Ross, 2
in that of Liverness, and 1 in North
Kuapdale, Argyleshire. The attend-
ance on week-days in these 38 schools
reaches the aggregate of 842 males and
1031 females, making a total of 1873.
This is no small number; and it is very
gratifying to find so many of the young
of our land benefiting yearly by the
healthy kind of teaching which is given
in these schools. Even by these figures
a stranger can have no idea of the num-
ber of scholars taught by these teachers,
on account of the circulatinj character of
the schools. Many of the teachers are
only stationed for three or four years in
the same jilace when they are removed
to more necessitous districts. The
burden of the working of the machin-
ery falls mainly on the Rev. Dr.
Maclauchlan, who knows so well, and
is so well known in, the Highlands.
He has an excellent co-adjutor in the
inspector of schools, the Rev. A.
Macrae, M.A. The Society has the
names of the highest in the land among
its supporters : — the Queen for its
Patroness, and Ewen Macpherson, Esq.,
of Clnny Macpherson, for its President,
the Vice-Presidents and Governors, &c.,
are all of very high standing and influ-
ence. It truly deserves the support of all
who wish to see the Highlands advance
in matters social, moral, and religious.
THANKFUL BREATHINGS.
A veil of gloom fell darkening on my being;
Sorrow undying rooted in my soul ;
Despairing anguish on my vitals stole;
I sought dread solace in my God's decreeing,
But ah in vain ! possessing heav'nly seeing
No rest deceitful satisfied ; the whole
Had birth in sin unmorlified; the coal
Of wild despair burned fiercely till, fast fleeing
From wretched self, I found thy gentle aid
Which saved me from an outcast, self-
doomed fate
For whose dim welcome awfulness I
prayed; —
O for a seraph's tongue in tones elate
To utter breathings of my gratitude! —
Thy kindly counsel saved fiom fatal mood;
N. Ambrosk.
THE SPIRIT OF rOETRY.
'Tis Love that beai-s us to the Land
Of Life and Liglit above;
Thou art not of the Minstrel Band
Till Lays of Love thy lyre demand,
Till thou canst truly undei-stand
The smile of Woman's Love.
Mary Miller.
NEWS OF THE HIGHLANDS AND
ISLANDS.
On the Gth of June, the Eev. Angus
Maclver, preacher, was ordained minister of
Macdonald Free Church, Glasgow.
The Marquis of Lome is said to be suffer-
ing from low fever.
The Highland railway returns for the
week ending Hth June, were £4(381, against
£4405 last year, and for the 14 weeks,
£GI,976 against £55,603, showing an in-
crease of £0373.
An elopement recently took place in the
west of Ross-shire, and the event caused
jBly,1872.
THE GAEL.
135
considerable excitement. The parties are
said to have been a "good-looking good
yirl" and a "son of the shears and goose,
wanting part of the leg.
JoNA. — Visitors. — Among the visitors in
the island at present are a sister and the
youngest daughter of Dr. Livingston, the
African traveller. They intend visiting the
Island of Ulva, the birthplace of the great
traveller's father.
Stornoway — Launches — The schooner
Raven has been launched from the patent
slip at Stornoway, having vmdergone con-
siderable repairs, after being wrecked on
the coast of Skye last spring. Lately a
new schooner was also launched by Mr.
AVni. Cook, shipbuilder, for Mr. John
Wignall Fleetwood, London, Her tonnage
is 109 tons register. She was christened
The Thornton by Mrs. Spittal, wife of
Sheriff Spittal.
Ecclesiastical. — The Free Presbytery of
Lorn and Mull met on Wednesday, the 11th
of June, in Oban, Rev. D Macvean, of Mull
moderator. It was stated that the congre-
gation of Ardow and Torloisk had been
raised by the last General Assembly to a
sanctioned charge, and that it is now in a
position to call a minister.
Free Prilsbytbryof Dunoon and Inver-
aray.— This reverend Court met on Tues-
day, the 11th June, at Rothesay — Rev.
John Clark, of Minard, Moderator. Regard-
ing the Dunoon Gaelic case. Dr. Elder
proposed, seconded by Rev. Mr. Russell of
Glendaruel, "that the Presbytery, having
before them the deliverance of the General
Assembly in this case, and finding the
Assembly having sustained the reference,
sanction the setting up of a preaching sta-
tion for the Highlanders." Mr. Macphkkson,
on behalf of the Free Church Highlanders
of Dunoon, acquiesced in the finding of the
Presbytery, and thanked them for erecting
them into a station.
Definite arrangements, it is said, have
at length been made for laying the telegraph
to the Lews. A steamer chartered by the
Government was expected with the cable at
Stornoway on Friday, the 21st June, and
on Saturday or Monday following the line
would be laid from the island to the main-
land. The cable starts at a point a short
distance from Stornoway, and is carried
across the Minch to the prominent headland
which forms the south west shore of Loch
Ewe. The distance is about thirty or thirty-
five miles. Stornoway at the one end, and
Poolewe at the other, are connected by land
line; and the wire from the hitter place
comes along by Gairloch and Achnasheea_
to Dingwall and Inverness. The circuit is
to extend from Stornoway through the
island of Rodil Bay; and a cable will con-
nect Harris with Lochmaddy, in North Uist.
A short cable is also to be laid at Kyleakin,
connecting Skye with the mainland.
Another grievance of long standing, the
uselessness of the Dingwall and Skye line
of telegr.iph, has at length been removed..
Government has agreed to pay to the Rail-
way Company the sum of £4250, and an
additional wire for the service of the Post-
OfBce is now in course of erection on the
telegraph poles along the railway.
Fatal Accident in the Hebrides. —
Four Fishermen Drowned. — The skiff
Mayflower, of minard, having on board
Messrs Alexander Campbell (owner), Craw-
ford, Turner, andCampbell, after completing
her engagement at the North fishing, left
Lochboisdale on .'"Saturday, 22d June, along
with other three skiffs, for Minard. When
between the islands of Muck and Coll the
Mayflower broached the wind and sank
with all her crew. As there was a high
wind and a heavy sea, the other boats could
render no assistance. It is presumed that
the rudder broke, and consequently the skiff
became unmanage ible. The crew had
about £60 on bo rd, being the amount of
their hard-wrought earnings in the North.
The owner, who was married, has left a
widow Knd three of a family to mourn his
loss. The others were unmarried.
We regret to find that up to this date,
June 28, the herring fishing in the Heb-
rides has been considerably below the usuai
average. The fishing season is now nearly
over which leaves scarcely any prospect
of the average of last year being reached.
MY CAPTIVITY IN SKYE.
BY D. LAMONT.
(Formerly of B.N. America.)
Some forty years with all their ills.
Have come and are gone by;
Since last I saw my native hills,
The rugged hills of Skye.
136
THE GAEL.
Jaly, 1872.
I view again my childhood's home,
But now no home of mine,
The fields where I was wont to roam,
In seasons of langsyne.
How sadly champed the little glen,
Its gladness turned to gloom,
And friends tliat lived around me then,
Laid in the silent tomb!
The brook still runneth in its course,
The tide doth ebb and How,
But things have altered for the worse,
Since forty years ago.
I see the sights that tourists seek,
Bleak hills and mountains high.
Where the Coolin's loftiest peak,
Is towering to the sky;
Those ancient cairns and craggy nooks
That travelers deem so fair.
But then what signify their looks.
When one can't live on air?
I oft my residence did change
And many a place I've been,
My native place seems now more strange,
Than anywhere I've been;
My pockets being so scarce of crowns,
That no one will me know.
For I have had my ups iuid downs.
Since forty years ago.
If round the coasts you take a peep,
From Oban to Portreee;
You'll scarcely see but flocks of sheep,
Where dwellings used to be;
The hardy, honest, Highland race,
Now thrive in other climes.
Who had to leave their native place
Through dearth of former times.
Who had while here to go in youth,
From the parental soil
To ask their neighbours of the South,
"To give them leave to toil."
While many of them were opjirest;
In povertv extreme:
Their emigration to the West,
Was an alluring scheme.
Had I but meiuis at my command.
Were I but hale and strong,
My exile in my native land.
Would not continue long.
Here did I ptiss life's pleasant mom.
In joyful sunny bow'rs;
Now there is left but want r.nd
The thorns without the flow'rs !
For better health I sought this shore,
And crossed the ocean wide;
From lands that I would see once more,
And where I would abide;
Once more I'd venture o'er the wave,
Ontario to see.
Its people generous and brave.
Have oft befriended me.
Through the above verses their riugfs a cry
of the human which is peculiarly indicative
of the struggles and misfortunes of Celtic life
in the Islands. Some of the more pathetic
and plain-spoken of the stanzas we have left
out. D. Lamont, "in the struggle for exist-
ence," sought some time ago the shores of
Canada from which he has returned again to
Skye with the view of benefiliug his health.
" I am glad to say, however," says the gentle-
man who has favoured us with the "Captivi-
ty" of Lamont, "that his health has much
improved, and that he is making laudable
efforts among his countrymen to enable liim
again to reach the land of his adoption." We
trust this poetical brother Celt will not be long
pining for want of means to bring him across
the Atlantic once more.
WHAT DETERMINES NATIONALITY?
The following extract from Mr. Max
Muller's Third Volume of Chips will
be interesting and instructive to many.
Men who glibly and seriously talk
of difference of blood and pure races,
ought to listen to the voice of science
before they deliver themselves with ora-
cular certainty on such subjects : —
" People speak indeed of blood, and inter-
mingling of blood, as determining the
nationality of a peo]3le; but what is meant
by blood? It is one of those scientific idols,
that crumble to dust as soon as we try to
define or grasp them; it is a vague hollow,
treacherous term, which, for the present at
least, ought to be banished from the diction-
ary of every true man of science. Wc can
give a scientific definition of a Celtic lang-
uage; but no one has yet given a definition of
Celtic blood, or a Celtic skull. It is quite
possible that hereafter chemical difierenccs
may be discovered in the blood of those who
ppcak a Celtic, and of those who speak a
Teutonic language. It is possible also that
patient measurements, like those lately pub-
lished by Professor Huxley, In the 'Journal
of Anatomy and Physiology,' may lead in
July, 1872.
THE GAEL.
137
time to a really scientific classification of
skulls, and that physiologists may succeed
in the end in carrying out a classification of
the human race, according to tangible and
unvarying physiological criteria. But their
■definitions and their classifications will
hardly ever square with the definitions or
classifications of the student of language,
and the use of common terms can only be a
source of constant misunderstandings. We
know what we mean by a Celtic language,
and in the grammar of each language we
are able to produce a most perfect scientific
definition of its real character. If, therefore,
we transfer the term Celtic to people, we
can, if we use our words accurately, mean
nothing but people who speak a Celtic lang-
uage, the true exponent, ay, the very life of
Celtic nationality. Whatever people,
whether Romans, or Saxons, or Normans,
or, as some think, even Phoenicians and
Jews, settled in Cornwall, if they ceased to
speak their own language; and exchanged it
for Cornish, they are, before the tribunal of
the science of language, Celts, and nothing
but Celts; while, whenever Cornishmen, like
Sir Humphrey Davy or Bishop Colenso,
have ceased to speak Cornish, and speak
nothing but English, they are no longer
Celts, but true Teutons or Saxons, in the
only scientifically legitimate sense of that
word."
REPLIES TO CORRESPONDENTS.
To M. M. C— Stewart's Grammar is out of
print. The subject of your recommendation
that a new edition of liis Grammar should be
brought out at our office has been considered
already to some extent. We have no doubt
that an edition embodying the philologic re-
sults of recent German writers and others
would be very acceptable to the Gaelic public.
To J. MacL. Koss-shire.— We shall be
happy to receive for consideration any article
sent us; but cannot be held responsible for
them if lost; so we recommend all writers to
preserve a copy themselves. We may also
remind our rea.lers too that we can not as a
general rule undertake to return the MSS. of
communications considered unsuitable.
To D. Mac M. — We have given the "Epi-
taph" among " Nilhe Nuadh agus Sean." We
are not at all jealous (if the prospective exist-
«nce of" Bratach na Firinn," the new Gaelic
Magazme you refer to. There is enough of
field and to spare. The more the merrier.
Besides, its title is not indicative of rivalship ;
let every man pursue his own ideal, in his
own humour, in his own element. We do not
quite understand your question whether we
"give a life of MacPherson of Ossian?" Do
you mean in The Gael or in The G.\elic
Bards? You can find in the present Number
something on Ossiaii MacPheison in the Article
contributed by " Cona."
To R. B.— OurGaeliepageswerejustmade
up before your extended notice of the late
Rev. Dr. Norman Mac Leod's death reached
us, so that we could not give it in the present
Number as we were anxious that the latter
should appear in time. This excellent tribute
to the memory of the great and good Norman
—the large-hearted Celt who has been among
the most illustrious Englishmen of this quart-
er of the nineteenth century, will be given in
the next Number to sho« our loyalty fully.
Our thanks are very much due to R. B.
pOMUNN GAILIG INBHIRNIS.
Tha 'n Luchd-Riaghlaidh a,' toirt fios do
Chlann nan Gaidheal anns gach ait, gum bi
CeUD ChOINNEAMH BHLIADHNAILa'Chom-
uinn so air a cumail air feasgar Diar-daoiu
Feill-na-CIoimhe (llmhde'n Vllmh Mios),
ann an Inhhirnis.
Bithidh an Ridire Coixneach S. Mac-
Choinnich, Triath Ghkarrloch, 'sa'
Chathair; agus labhraidh uaislean ainmeil
oil' aigan am— Fhuairan Luchd-Riaghlaidh
oighean 'us aigearan a sheinneas òrain
Ghìilig 'us Bheurla; agus dannsairean a
dhannsas cuid de sheann dannsabh na
Gaidhealtachd.
'S e miann a' Chomuinn gu 'n tionail na
Gaidheil as gach cearnaidh chum na fearaa-
chuideachd so.
UILLEAM MACAOIDH.
Rùn-Chleireach.
G7, Sraid na h-Eaglais,
Inbhirnis,
22mh de'n Vlmh mios, 1872.
J
ARCHIBALD SINCLAIR,
Gaelic and English Printer,
62 AEGYLE STREET,
a L_ A SQOVA^.
THA G. Mac-na-Oeardadh deònach air fnnseadh d'a
chàirdean gu 'm bheil e iiir lermtuinn air gnothach a'
ChlobhuaUidh a ghiùlan air a^'haidh anns a' h-uUe dòigh
mar bha e le athair. ayus guv h-es,tn an t-aon Chlobhual-
adair a thuigens agus a labhras Giilig, ni a tha 'g a dhean-
amh comas ich air ceartas a tboirt do ^iobhaidhiblj.
Gàilig a bhioB ri 'n clobhualadb.
DOMINION OF CANADA,
EMIGR^TIOlSr
TO THS
FE@¥11©1 Q)W @Sfl'4EI@.
To Capitalists, Tenant Farmers, Agricultural Labourers, Mechanics, Day Labourers, and aU
parlies desirous of Improving their Circumstances by Emigrating to a New Country.
The attention of intending Emigrants is invited to the great advantages pre-
sented by the Province of Ontario. Persons living on the Interest of their Money
can easily get EIGHT PER CENT, on first-class security.
TENANT FARMERS WITH LIMITED CAPITAL,
Can buy and stock a Freehold Estate -with the money needed to carry on a small
farm in Britain. Good Cleared Land, with a Dwelling and good Bam and out-
houses upon it, can be purchased in desirable localities, at from £4 to £10 sterling
per acre.
Farm Hands can readily obtain work at GOOD WAGES.
Among the inducements ofifered to intending Emigrants, by Government, ia
A FREE GRANT OF LAND!
WITHOUT ANY CHARGE WHATEVER.
Every Head of a Family can obtain, on condition of settlement, a Free Grant of
TWO HUNDRED ACRES of Land for himseH. and ONE HUNDRED ACRES
additional for each member of his family, male or female, over 18 years of age.
All persons over eighteen years of age can obtain a Free Grant of ONE HUN-
DRED ACRES.
The Free Grants are protected by a Homestead Exemption Act, and are not
liable to seizure for any debt incurred before the issue of the patent, or for twenty
years after its issue. They are within easy access of the front settlements, and
are supplied with regular postal communication.
And of Improved Farms for sale, are kept at the Immigration Agencies in the
Province, and arrangements are made for directing immigrants to those points where
employment can be most readily obtained. Several new lines of Railway and other
Public Works are in course of construction, or about being commenced, which
■will afford employment to an almost unlimited number of labourers.
Persons desiring fuller information respecting the Province of Ontario
are invited to apply personally, or by letter, to the Canadian Government Emigra-
tion Agents in Europe, viz : WM. DIXON, 11, Adam Street, Adelphi, London,
W C -J G. MOYLAN, 14 South Frederick St., Dublin; CHARLES FOY, II
CUremont St., Belfast ; and DAVID SHAW, 24 Oswald St., Glasgow.
Also to the Immigration Agents in Canada, viz : — JOHN A. DONALDSON,
Toronto ; R H. RAE, Hamilton ; WM. J. WILLS, Ottawa ; RICHD. MAO-
PHERSON, Kingston; L. STAFFORD, Quebec; J. J. DALEY, Montreal; E.
CLAY, Halifax, Nova Scotia ; ROBT. SHIVES, St. John, and J. G. GLAYTON,
Miramichi, New Brunswick, — from whom pamphlets, issued under the authority
of the(J')venjraent of Ontario, containing fuU particulars in relation to the char-
acter and resourcea of, and the coat of living, wages, &.C., in the Province, can be
obtained.
JOHN CARLINO-,
ComnUnoner o/ Agriculture and Public Worh$.
DKPARTireNT at Tmmtoration, for Uu Province o/ Oniari».
Toronto, February, 1871.
I Leabh.]
CEUD MIOS AN FHOGHARAIDH, 1872.
[6 Air.
AN T-OLLA MACLEOp.
Chaochail an duine ainmeil so air
latha na Sabaid, an lOmh do 'n mhìos
so chaidb. Is mar a sgaoil an naigb-
■eacbd, bba do-bbròn anns gacb cridhe,
agus tiambacbd air gacb aghaidb. Oir
■cba robb iad acb tearc, nia bba iad idir
ann, air an robb an dutbaicb cbo eòlacb
agus cbo gaolacb 's a bba i air Tormoid
Og MacLeòid, Ministeir iu4abbracb,
sgireacbd a Bbaroni. Cba b' ann a
mbain am measg muinntir na b-eaglaise
Steidbicbte, anns an robb e 'n a mbin-
isteir cbo ainmeil agus cbo fogliain-
teacb a bba caoidb air a deanadb air a
sbon, acb bba an dutbaicb gu leir, do
gacb ainm agus aidmbeil a db' aon
inntinn ann an togail fianuis gu 'n do
tbuit curaidbtreun isgu'n robb caltacbd
mòr air teacbd air an riogbacbd tre
bbàs an Diadbair Urramaicb so. Nocbd
a' Bban-rigb fèin airiomadb dòigb cbo
goirt 'sa bba a cridbe tlàtb is cbo trom
is a db' fbairicb i am buille a tbuit,
mar a gbabb esau, a tbug iomadb uair
combfburtacbd agus misneacb dbi fein
ann an uair a bròin is a dorcbadais
spioradail, a tburas do "tbir na di-
chuimbne." Cba b'e mbain gu 'n do
cbuir i btir fbada, Ian do chombfbur-
tacbd Cbriosdail, agus do cbo-fbair-
eacbdainn bblàtb, a cbum càirdean
brònacb an neacb a dli' flialbb, acb
cbuir i fuin agus a da mbac Fir-ionaid
a cbum a tbòrraidb, agus combarraidb-
ean gràidb uaipe fein agus na buill òga
do 'n teagblacb riogbail. Cba 'n 'eil
iad acb tearc da rireadb air am bbeil
urram do'n t-seorsa so air a cbur. Acb
cba deacbaidb riabb ouoir a cbur air
neacb a b' fbearr an airidb na Tormaid
MacLeòid. Acb cba b' ann a mbain
am measg uacbdrain agus dbaoine mora
a bba caoidb air a deanadb air a sbon,
is a bba ainm is a cbbii aitbnichte, ach
anns na caol sbraidean agus na botbain
bbocbda, far an trie a tbainig e mar
gbatb grèine a' toirt soluis a's sòlais gu
iomadb leapa bais, bba e air a mbotb-
acbain gu 'n robb fior cbaraid agus
dearbb bbràtbair air a tboirt air falbb.
Is air an aobbar sin bba sealladb air
fbaicinn air latba a tbòrraidb a leig ris
mar a gbkiais a bbas-san cridbe mòr na
dùtbcbagulèir — CbruinnicbnamìUtean
gu am meas air a cbbii, is am bròn air
son a cball a tbaisbeanadb. Blia Bàil-
idbean agus Lucbd Biagblaidb a' bbaile
an sin, Lucbd-teagaisg an Oiltbigb le
deise a dbreucbd air gacb aon diubb,
Ministeirean an t-soisgeul, do gacb aid-
mbeil, is uailsean as ilsean do gacb
seòrsa. Is a bbarr air na blia latliair
aig an tòrradb, bba na milltean eile ag
ambarc air a gbiiilan tbiambaidb, is
air gacb agbaidb bba bròn agus mulad
air am faicinn gu soilleir. Is iomadb
agbaidb fbearail a bba fliucb le tuil
tbaosgacb a bbròin, mar a cbuimbnicli
iad nacb cluineadb iad a cbaoidb tuill-
idb gutb oscarra caoimbneil, an 011a.
Leòdaicb a sparradb dbacbaidb le diir-
acbd tairgse gbrasmbor an t-soisgeil.
A ir an t-sàbaid an deigb a bbais, bba iom-
radb air a dbeanadb air a cbbii a's air a*^
cballatbàinigairaniìogbacbd,annsgacK
crannaig acb gann ann am bade Gblas-
cbu. Labbair aon no dba do na min-
isteirean as ainmeile 'san Eaglais Sbaoir,
ann an dòigb dbealasaich, dbileis,
bblàtb, mu dheibbinn, is tbog iad fian-
uis gbradhacb air a' mbeas mbòr a bba
aca air, mar mbinisteir dileas do Cbriosd,
is mar dbuine air an do bbuilich Dia
140
AN GAIDHEAL.
Ceud Mlos an Fhogharaidh, ISrS'^
tàlanta mora nàdnrra agus gibhtean a
ghrais ann am pailteas. Is clia robh
aa Eaglais Chldireachail Aonaicbte
(U.P) an Eaglais Easbuigeacb, iia
Bais^ticb is na h-Eaglaisean eilc 's a
bhaile, air deireadb air na h-Eaglaisean
Suidhichtc agus Saor, ann an togail
fiauuis gu'n do tbuit da rireadb
"ceannard ann an Israel," is gu 'm bu
sbaighdcir dileas do 'n Ard Clieannard,
a blia 's a' cbaomhan cbriosdail a blia
air iomacbd dhacbaidb gu fois. Bha
so uile a' dearbhadli airidheacbd is mòr
bbuadbau a' Gb;\idbeil ainmed so, is a
leigeil ris ged a bba e ceangadte ri aon
Eaglais, d' an d' tliug e gràdb agus sin
le diiracbd mliòr, gu'm buineadb edo'n
diithaicb gu leir, is tba e 'n a fhiannis
ro tliaitneacb air an dòigli anus am
bbeil sluagh Cbriosd 'n an aon, ged a
db' fbaodas roinnean a bbi eatorra 'san
letb a muigb. Clia'n'ed air an aobliar
•sin letbsgeul sam bitb feu mad air son
iomradh sònruicbte a tboirt air a'
leitbidso do dbuine anns 'A' Ghàidheil.'
Gu sònruicbte a cbionn is nacli be
mbain gur mac Gàidbeil a bba ann, acb
gum b' fbior Gbàidbeal e fèin a b' urr-
ain cànain aosda a dbiitbcba a labbairt
is a leugbadb gu fileanta reidb, is aig
an robb gaol mòr do thir nam beann is
d'a cleacbdainnean.
Rngadb Tormod MacLeòid ann an
Ceannlocb Cbille Ciiiarain ann an
Oeanntire, Earraghaidlieal, air an treas
latlia do mbios meadhonach an t-samb-
luidb, anns a bbliadlina 1812. Bba
atbair aig an am 'n a mbinisteir 's a'
labaile sin, mu 'n d' tliàinig e do sgir-
oachd Champsie, far an robb e re mòran
bbliadbnacban mun do gbluaisegu Eag-
lais Cballum Cbille an Glascbu. Bba
na aon ainm air an atbair is air a mbac.
Agus is ainm e air am bbeil gacb
Oàidbeal eòlacb, is mu am bbeil gacb
aon a labbras a' Gbàidblig moiteil miiir-
neach. Oir dbearbb seann Tormod
MacLeòid, gu'n robb c anns gacb doigb
àiridb air an ainm leis am bi e air
aitbneacbadb cbo fliada 'sa bbitbeas
diog Gbiiidblig air a labbairt, no facal
di air a leugbadb, se sin "Caraid uan
Gàidbeal." Is bba a mbac mar an
ceudna ro mbviirueacb mu na Gàidbeil.
Oir is ann 'n am measg a cbaidb a
tbogail ann an tiis òige. 'Nuair bba e
'na bbalacban òg cbaidb a cbur do 'n
Mbòrairne, a cbum a sbeanar, d' am
b' ainm mar an ceudna Tormod Mac-
Leoid, a bba 'n a mbinisteir anns an
sgireacbd sin. Is dbearbb e cbo domb-
ain is a rinn coimbneas agus cleacbd-
ainnean nan Gàidbeal greim air inntinn,
anns an leabbar a cbur e macb o cbionn
beagan bbliadbnacban air an d' tbug e
mar ainm "Cuimbneacban na sgireacbd
Gbàidb'licb." Mar a db' fbàs e suas
cbaidb a cbur do'n Oiltbigb, a cbum a
dbeasacbadb air son na ministreileacbd.
'S ann an Glascbu agus an Dun-Eidin
a fbuair e 'fbògblum. 'Nuair bba e an
Glascbu 'na Oileanacb, bba Gilleasbuig
Caimbeul Tait, a tba na ard Easbuig
Chanterburi am measg a cbompanaich.
Ann an Dun-Eidin bba e bbo tbeagasg
an fbior dbuine ainmeil agus mbaith
sin, de am bbeil gacb Albannacb moit-
eil, gaolacb, an t-Olla Chalmers. Bba
gràdb mòr aig an duine cbliiiiteacb sin
clo Tbormod MacLeòid. Is ged a bba
iad mu dbeireadb ann an Eaglaisean a
bba dealaicbte o cbeile cba do bbàsaich
am meas a bba aca air a cbeile, no an
càirdeas a bba eatorra. Cbaitb e
bliadbna, no còrr, d'a iiiue air tir mòrna
b-Eòrpa rau'n d' iar e cead searmon-
aicbe. Air dba tilleadb dhacbaidb
cbaidb a cbur air letb a cbum dreucbd
na miuisteirealachd, is cba robb e fada
gus an d' fbuair e gairm gu bbi 'n a
mbinisteir ann an Sgireacbd Loudoin.
Bba so 's a bbliadiina 1838. Re na
b-iiine a bba e 's an sgireacbd so rinn e
obair le dtiracbd is eud a cboisiuu dba
cliu o gacb ncacb, eadbon uathsan nacb
robh, aig an am, dbeucbaineacb sin, air
an aon taobb ris fèin air na ceisdean
gluasadacb a blia air an deasboireacbd
ann an ciiirtean na b -eaglais. Anns a'
bbliadbna 1843, cbaidb e do Dbal-a'~
Cead Mio8 an Fhogharaidh,
AN GAIDAEAL.
141
che far an robh e 'na mliinisteir dùrach-
dach dileas re oclid bliadhna. Anns a
bhliadhna 1851 fhuair e gairm o cho-
thional a' Bharoni, gu bhi 'na aodhair
orra an àite an OUa Mac'Ille Dhuibh,
a chaochail goirid roimhe sin. Anns
an sgireacbd fharsuing, rahòr-sbluagh-
ach sin rinn e 'dhleasdannas air dòigh
adhearbb air modh sònruichte àilleachd
nam buadban a bba air am buileachadh
air, is a bha ro-bhuanachdar do dh'
aobhar Ghriosd am measg raiUtean mi-
shuimeil baile mòr Ghlascliu. Cliuir e
suas Eaglaiseau anns gach ceàrn do 'n
sgireacbd far nacb robh cothrom aig
aphobullfeitheamb air raeadhonan grais,
is bha e an còmhnuidh deas gu gnùis a
thoirt do gach oidheirp a bha air a
deanadh gu cor an t-sluaigh a dhean-
adh ni 's feàrr. Comharraichte am
measg nam meadhonan a ghabh e air
son feum an t-sluaigh bha an t-seirbhis
fheasgair a bha aige air gach Sabaid
air son muinntir aim an aodach obair.
Ma'n tigeadh neacb a chum na seirbhis
sin le cota dubh suasinhor air, bha e air
a thilleadh aig an donis. — Bha trid so
àireamli mhòr air an cruinneachadh a
steach, de mhuiuutir a bha air tuiteam
air falbh o bhi 'feitheamh air an Tigh-
earn' ann am meadlionan nan gras. Tha
iad lionmhor ann a tha nis le an deagh
chaithe beatlia a dearbhadh gu'm bheil
iad "a' giùlan toradh siochail na fir-
eantachd" a bha trid na seirbheis so
air "an spionadh mar àithnean as an
losgadh." Cha 'n 'eil iad ach tearc an
àireimh a tlia idir cho comasacli ann
an rathad an dleasdanais mar mhinist-
eirean 's a bha Ministeir cliiiiteach a
Bharoni. Ach cha do stad obair aig a
so. Rinn e 'dhleasdanas mar mhinisteir
air dhòigh chomharraichte, ann an
cumhachd, dilseachd agus bith-dhean-
adh. Gidheadham measg nan oibre lion-
mhor aige, fhuair e ùine gu mòraa a
Bgriobhadh, is gu iomad leabhar a chur a
mach. 'Nuairabhae'uafhiordhuineòg,
thòisich e aircuramachleabhraichean,
aa air a bhi 'na f hear-deasachaidh. Am
measg nan leabhraichean aige tha an
fheadhainn a leanas. "An t-oileanach
diirachdach," anns am bheil e air beatha
Mhr. Iain Mhic an Tòisich, a bha
'teachd a mach mar mhinisteir anns an
Eaglais Shaoir innseadh. Tha ni comh-
arraichte mu'n leabhar so gu 'n d' thug
e do 'n Eaglais Shaoir a h-uile sgillinn
bhuanachd, (a rainig caigionn chiadan
punnd Sasunnach) a blia aige o reic an
leabhair so. Sgriobh e mar an ceudna
"An sgoil aig an tigh" air a chur a
mach 'sa' bhliadhna 1856. "Deborah,"
1857. "An Siiàthainòir," 1861. "An
sean cheannard airm 's a mhac," 1862.
"Paipeirean Sgireacbd," 1862. "Gu'n
Ear, 1866, " Easticai-d," anns am bheil
e 'toirt cunntais thaitneich air turus a
thug e do dh' fhearan a gheallaidh is
do'u Eiphit. Thug e chnntas ro-thait-
neach, ann an leabhar a chuir e macli
an uiridh, air an turus a thug e air
iarrtus na h-Eaglais o chionn thri
bliadhna, do dh' Innsibh na h-aird-an
Ear, a choimhead na missiojiaries.
Chuir e mach mar an ceudna "Daibh-
idh Beag," agus " An Truideag" is bha
e 'na Fheardeasacliaidh aig "Na deagh
Fhocaii" a tha 'teachd a mach gach
mios. Mar so chi sinn gu'n do chaith
e a bheatha gu saothrachail, is nach do
chaomhain e e fein. Tha gach aon do
nah-oibreansina'leigeilrischoòirdhearc
is a bha na buadhau iuntinn aige, is mar
an ceudna cho f;\rsuing 'sa bha a cho-
fhaireachdainn, is cho blath 'sa bha a
chridhe. Cha 'n 'eil neach a lenghas
na leabhraichean sin, nach mothaich
gràdh a' dusgadh 'na chridhe dhasan a
sgriobh iad. Ach is ann mar Fhear-
labhairt a bha cuinhachd comharraichte
aige thar inutinnean sluaigh. B' urr-
ainn dha a rèir a mhiann muinntir a
dhùsgadh gu luathghaire ait, no an
gluasad gu deòir ashileadh. Cha'n'eil
neach riabh a chuala e a leigeas gu grad
air di-chuimhne na briathra cumhach-
dach a bhitheadh gu fileanta rèidh a'
froiseadh o 'bhilean. Bha e air leth
cumhachdach 'sa' chrannaig is anns an
142
AN GAIDHEAL.
CeudMlosan Fhogharaidh, 1872.
talla far am biodh labhairt ri 'dheanadb.
Acli 'saunan uair achoianicheadh iieach
airleisfèin aim an uaigneas, abha bnaidh
air leth aige, is a bba fior mbaitheas
agus cumbacbd an duine ri am faicinn.
Db' f baodadb iadsan a cbuala e a' bxbb-
airt am folais, meas as urram a tboirt
dba, acb bbeireadb gacb neacb a bba
eòlacb air, is a cboinuicb trie an uaig-
neas e, gràdb tetb dba a cridbe diir-
acbdacb. Bba e cbo iriosal, caoimbneil,
teò-cbridbeacb ; cbo Ian do cbo-fbair-
eacbdainn ri deucbainnean, agus cruad-
alan muinntir eile, cbo deas gu e fein a
cbur as a gbabbail air sou an uallaicb
aca aotromacbadb, uacb robb e comas-
acb do neacb air bitb a b' aitbue e gu
ceart, gun gbradb a tboirt dba. DÌi'-
fhaodadli neacb a bbi do cbaocbladb
barail ris air iomadb puinc acb cba'n'eil
I aon a b' urrainn àicbeadb nacb robb
gradb diiracbdadb, fior, aige do Cbriosd,
agus eud dombain aige air son a gblòir-
san a cbur am meud. Ma bba e fior
mxx neacb riamb, bba e fior mu Tbor-
mod MacLeòid "gu'n robb gradb
Cbriosd 'g a cbo-(iigneacbadb." B' e
run agus miann a cbridbe an còmb-
nuidb a bbi 'deanadb maitb d'a cbo-
cbreutaireau as a bbi 'g an treòracbadb
gu eòlas air an neacb ud a bba comasacb
air beatba a tboirt dboibb. Is ma bba e
mar so iarrtasacbairadbleasnasadbean-
adb a tbaobb a dbreucbd is oibribb eile,
cba do dbearmad e na dleasdanais a bba
luidlieairmarmbac,marfbearpòsda,agus
mar atbair. Is ainneambteagblacb anns
an robb gradb is carantacbd air an
nocbdadb a tbaobb gaol a cbeile mar
bba iad 'san teagblacb aigesan. B'urr-
antar mòran a ràdb mu dbdibbinn so,
acb is ni ro naomba air son siiilean an
t-saogbal diombaireacbd an tcagblaicb
Cbriosdaidb, is air an aobbar sin gabb-
aidb sinn tbarais air a sin. Cbaidb iom-
adb onair cbur air ro a bbeatba. Bba e
an dliitb cbaidreamb is cbairdeas ris a,
Bban-rigb is r'a teagblacb. Bba e ann
am meas àrd a measg a bhràitbre anns
a' cblèir, a bbuilicb air an onair as àirde
a tba aig an Eaglais Cblèireacbair'ri
tboirt seacbad le a dbeanadb 'na Ard
Cbeann-suidbe air an Ard-Sbean-
adb. Acb cba do mbiigb aon do na
nitbean sin an cridbe blatb, aige, le a
bbi 'g a lionadb le àrdan. Bba e gu
criocb a bbeatba iriosal càirdeil, is mar
so a' dearbbadb nacb b' urrantar na
buadbau ard cinn is cridbe a bbuin-
eadb dba mar fbior Gbàidbeal a mbill-
eadb. Ma bba ni air bitb as an do
rinn e uaill is ds an robb e bòsdail, b'e
so e, gu'm buineadb e do Fbinneacban
clihiteacb tir nam beann. Cba bbi e
furasda an t-àite a db' fbàg e falamb a
lionadb, is cba 'n fbaic sinn an cabbaig
a sbamliuil a ritbis. Tba e nis 'na
cbadal ri taobb " Caraid nan Gàidbeal,"
fo sgàile nam beann, ann an cladh
Gliam]isi, anns an leapidh cbaol, far am
bbeil fois aig lucbd alabainis sgis. Slà
leis. Db'fbag e dileab luacbmbor
againn 'na eiseimpleir. Eiseimpleir a
tba labbairt ruinn 's ag radb
"Bithibh suas mata 's ag obair
Le cridh' gun gheilt roimh chruas an t saoghail
A' sior leantuinn 'sa' sior-bhuidhinn
'Fùghlum, faigbidin is saothair."
Glascho, \ P "R
Mios doireanach an t-Samhraidh, 1872 / -"" ^'
DUBH-A'-GHIUBHAIS.
Anns na laitbibb a db' fbalbb bba
Alba gu leir còmbdaicbte le coille
gbiubbais. Cbunnaic rigb Locblainn
SCO, agus bba mòr fbarmad air ris na
b-Albannaicb, oir bba iad a milleadh
a cbuid fbèin malairt, agus cbuir e
roimbe gu'm fiiigbeadb e teine cbur ris
na bba cboille 'n Alba. Mar seo bba.
Ciiuir e a nigbean a db'ionusacbadb na
"Sgoile-Duibbe;" agus an uair a bha
i air a fògblum, cbuir e air tir i ann an
Alba, agus a b-ultacb Ian de tbeine.
Leis an ultacb sin, sbin i air cur teine
ris na blia de cboille 'n Alba. Acb cha
deacb i fad air a b-agbaidb 'nuair a
cbunnaic na b-Albannaicb nacb bu
cbreutair Criosdail a bb' innte, agus
'sann a db'fbeucbadb iad an robb rian
air a glacadh. A db' aindeoin an cuid
Ceud Mios an Fhogharaidh, 1872.
AN GAIDHEAL.
143
innleachdan cha glilacadh iad Dubh-a'-
Gbiubhais (oir 'se sin an t-ainm a tbug
na h-Albannaicb oirre, tbaobh 'sgun
robb i cbo dubb le ceo a' ghiubbais a
bba i 'cur 'na tbeine). Nam faigheadb
iad idir am fagus di, dh' èireadh i air
iteig, agus cbo luatb 's a bbiodh i gu
maitb suas anns an iarmailt bba nial
ag iadbadb mu'n cuairt di, 's'gafolacb
0 gacb neacb a bb'air an talamh. Mar
seo bba i 'gabhail air a h-aghairt, agus
bha e 'na dbubb-fhocal air na li-Alb-
annaicb cia mar a gheibheadb iad a cur
gu bàs. Latba dbe na làitbean 's ann
a smuainieb duine de mbuinntir Locb-
bbraoin air innleacbd gu cur as di, nach
cualas riamb roimbe a leitbid. Tbuirt
an duine seo, gu'n robb Dubb-a'-
Gbiubbais eòlacb air sprèidb bbo b-òige,
agus na 'n racbadb 'àl fòin a tboirt o
gacb seòrsa beathaicb, 'n uair a cbitb-
eadbiadDubb-a'-gbiubbais anns an nial,
gu'm faodadb i teàrnadb gu talamb.
Mar seo bba. Cbaidb mòran sprèidbe
'tbional air Acbadb-bad-a'-cbruiteir 'am
bràigbe Cbilldonnain, ann an Locb-
bbraon, agus air do 'n t-sluagb an nial
anns an robb Dubb-a'-gbiubbais fbaic-
inn, gbrad tbearb iad an t-al òg o
'màtbraicbean, 's ma tbearb ! 's ann an
sin a bba gbleadbraicb — gacb bo a'
geumraicb, gacb lair a' sitiricb, gacb
caora 'mèilicb, gacb gobbar a' meig-
eadaicb, 'sgacb seòrsa beatbaicb eile
'sireadb an gnè fein. Cbuala Dubb-a'-
gbiubbais am fuaim 'san troimbe-cbèile
'bb' air an acbadb, 's tbèirinn i, acb cba
bu luaitbe 'bbuin a buinn ris an talamb
na cbaidb a tilgeadb le saigbead. Laidb
i marbb ann an sin, agus cba robb fbios
CO a db' adblaiceadb i.
Aig an am bba da long Locblainnicb
ann an Camus-nan-Gall; agus air
dbaibb cluinntinn gu 'n d' fbuair nigh-
eanan rigb bàs, cbaidb an da sgioba a
db'iarraidb a cuirp. Cbuir iad 'an
caiseal-cbrò e; agus gbiùlain iad e a
cbum na luingeis. Sgaoil iad an cuid
sheòl; acb cba bu luaitbe 'sgaoil, na
dh' eirich an doinnion bu gbailbbicbe
'cbunnaic mac duine riamb. B' eiginn
tilleadb. An atb la, tbug iad gu falbb,
acb db' eiricb an doinnion cbo mòr 's a
bba i riamb. Db'aindeoin cbo trie 'sa
bbeireadb iad gu falbb, bba an aon mbi-
shealbb a' tigbinn 'n an car. Agus air
dbaibb gèilleadb tbòrr iad Dubb-a'-
gbiubbais ann an Cill- donnan. Sbeòl iad
à sin do Locblainn, agus air an t-sligbe,
fbuair iad an soirbbeas a b' fheàrr a
fbuair iad riamb. Db'innis iad do'n
rigb mar 'tbacbair. Bba e fo mbòr
bbròn ; agus sin gu b-àraid, air sou nach
robh duslacb a nigbinn 'na laidhe 'an
ùir Locblainn. Cbuir e 'n da long
cbeudna air an ais lucbdaicbte le ùir
Locblainnicb; agus ràinig iad Cill-
donnan. 'S cba bu luaitbe 'ràinig iad na
'cbuir iad an tiir air tir, agus cbàirich
iad Dubb-a'-gbiubbais innte; agus an
' neacb leis a' miannacb dii e a h-uaigh
gus an latba 'n diugb.
[Db' innis mise a nise 'n sgeula mu
Dbubb-a'-gbiubbais, agus ma's abreug
nam e, 's breug tbugam e. — Iain
MOIREASTON.]
EACHDRAIDH NA SMUID-
SHOITHEACH.
LE IAIN MACILLEBHAIN.
Cluinnear am beul gacb duine gur
lionmbor agus gur iongantach na h-ùr-
innleacbdan agus na b-atharrachaidbean
a ghabh àite 'n ar linn 's an diitbaich,
acb is tearc 'n ar measg na 's urrainn
innseadb cuin, c' àite, no co leis a tbòis-
ich moran diubb. Tba mi anns na
leanas gu oidhirp a tbabbairt, gu b-ath-
ghearr an cainnt mo' dhùtbcha, air
cunntas a tbabbairt air aon do n'is
comharraicbte a gbabb àite riar cuimhne,
cha 'u e mhàin 'n ar riogbacbd fein ach
anns an t-saogbal.
Tba beacbd agam gu math an uair a
bhitbeadh muinntir gu dol do Ghlaschu
o'n cheàrna so d' an dùthaich,* a bhi
'gan cluinntinn ag ràdh gu'm bu truagb
gu'n robb a choimhlion loch 's an rath-
Sgriobhadh so ann an Eisdeal.
144
AN GAIDHEAL.
Ccud MioB aa ogharaldh, 1872
ad, — iiacli ))n ni 's am bitli leo an t as-
dar mar l)lii na haisijj. Is ann a tlia
daoine 'riis air caochladh am beachd cho
mor 's p:iir arm a tlia iad a' caoidh gu'm
blieil fcaraiin Chiniitire amis an ratliad,
— gum b'fhean* gu'm b'uis^e an t-sliglie
gu h-iomlan, "s gu 'm faighte air aghart
na bn hiaithe, na bu shaoire, agns na bu
Bhocaive no air slieol 's am bith ci'e.
M' am b' urrainn so a blii b' eiginn gu 'n
d' flniaii- daoine doigli a's fearr air siublial
air an uisge na bha aca riamli roimlie.
Cha ruig mi leas innseadli gu'n d'fliuair
no gar li-i iir-innleachd na Smùid-
sboitheach a rinn an t-atliarracliadh.
Sliaoileadli dnine uacb bitheadh e
doirbh 'fliaotainn a raach co 'rinn a
clieud smùid-slioitheach, a tlia cho
eadar-dliealaichte o gacli soitheach eile,
ach cha 'n ann mar sin a tha. Clia 'n e
mbàìn gu'n robh mòran dhaoine fa leth,
ach bha rloghaehdan a' sanntaehadh 'sa'
stri ri 'dheanadh a mach gur h-ann
doibh a bhuineadh cliù agus ainm iir-
innleachd cho comharraichte.
Tha na Spàinntich toileach a chur an
ceill gur h-ann doibhsan a bhuineas iir-
innleachd na sraiiid-shoitheach,a chionn
gun d'fhuair iad anns a' bhliadhna 182G.
ann an tigh-tasgaidh, paipeir sgrioblita
a bha 'toirt ciinutais mu fhear d' am
b'ainm Blasco de-Garay a rinn, anns a'
bhliadhna 1543, innleachd a chur ann an
Boitlieach a chuireadh gu seòladh gu
siùbhlach le coire de uisgc goilcach.
Shaoileamaid n' am b' fhior so gu 'n
cuireadh iad gu feum e anns a' bhliadhna
1588, an uair a thug iad an ionnsaidh
air Sasunn leis an Armada mhòir. Is i
mo bharail an àite toiscach a bhi aca
gur h-ann a bha 'sa tha iad fathast fada
air deireadh air na coimhearsnaich 's a'
chùis. Is gann a chluinnear iomrailh
idir air smùid-shoitheach Spàinnteach,
agus tha e mòran ni 's coltaiche gu'n
d' rinn iad am paipeir anns a' bhliadhna
1826 nagu'n do rinn iad smuid-shoith-
each anns a' bhliadhna 1543.
- Tha Rasunn ag agradh coir air an ùr-
innleachd a chionn gu 'm faighear ann
an leabharan beag a sgriobli larla Wor-
cester anns a' bhliadhna 1665, gu'n
gabhadh smùid-ìnnleachd cnr ann an
soitheach a bhitlieadb ro uiseil a cham
loiiigis a shlaoiladh a stigh no raach a
acarsaidean, ach cha chluinn sinn gu 'n
deachaidli so ceum ni b'fhaide na bhi an
sgriul)liadh agus mar sin cha 'n airidh e
air a bheag de shuim. Tha iad a' toirt
oidhirp eile ann a bhi ag innseadh gu'n
d' fliuair fear Jonathan Hulls anns a'
bhliadhna 1736, Litir-Righ* air son
gu 'n robh e gu soitheach uidlieamach-
adh le smuid-innleachd a sheMadh loingis
an aghaidh sruith agus soirbhis, ach cha
mho 'tha cùnntas air bith gu 'n deach-
aidh so riamh 'fiieucliainn: faodar uime
sin a chur a leth-taobh mar ubh anns
nach robh gur, agus gu cinnteach as
nach d' thàinig riamh eun.
An aite muinntir Sliasuinn a bbi
'feuchainn a thoirt air daoine a chreid-
sinn gu 'n robh làmh aca ann an ùr-
ìnnleachd na smiìid-shoitheach, b'fheàrr
dlioibli gun a bhi a' brosnachadh dhaoine
gu bhi a' raniisachadh ro mhion 's a'
chùis, oir faodar a thilgeadh orra nach
e mhàin nach robh iad air tlioiseach, ach
gur ann a bha iad bliadhnachan air
deireadh air Albainn.
Is ann a Glaschu a ehaidh a chend
sraùid-shaoitlieach a bha riamh ann an
Sasunn. Toiseach an t-^amraidh anns
a' bliliadlina 1815, tliàinig Captain
Dodds le sgioba a Luimainn a cheann-
ach te dhiubli. Fiinair o an Elizabeth.
Uhubh e dlii an t-aiiim is 'n a àite choir
e air a deircadli an Thames. Sheol e
leatlia ratliad I*]irinn agus mu 'n cuairt
iochdar Sliasuinn is i 'n a hioghnadh do
na chunnaic i. Ràinig i Phjmouth mu
mheadhon an t-samhraidh far an d'fhuair
i latha a thoirt cothroira do luchd-riagh-
laidh a chalaidh a faicinn agns a feucb-
ainp, is i 'n a seajladh do mliiitean nach
faca 's nacli ciiaja a' bheag de iomradh
riamh air a leiiliid. An ath latha sbeòl-
adb leatba gu Poitsmouth far an da
* Patent.
Ceud Mlogan Fhogharaidh, 1872.
AN GAIDHEAL.
145
chruinnich na miltean 'sna deich miltean
g'a faicinn — gach neach diubh a' meas
na Thames 'wn h-ioghiiadh do labhairt.
An am dhi ruigheachd bha Inchd riagh-
laidh naCabhlaich Bhreatannaich*crainn
ann au cuirt 's cha d' f han iad ri sgaoil-
eadh ua cuirt, ach ruith iad a mach mar
chloinn a tigh-sgoil a dh' fhaicinn seall-
aidh nach f liacas a leithid riamh roimbe,
agus iad fo eagal nach beireadh iad air
fhaicinn a rithisd. Dh' fhan an Thames
latha ann am Portsmouth far an d'
thàinig coisiridh rlomliach air bord —
ceithir àrd-cheaniiardan loingis, mòran
mhnathan uaisle, saighdeirean mara agus
buidheann de luchd-ciùil; ach bu bheag
d' an ceol a chluiiinte an am dol seachad
air loingis na cabhlaich a bha 'sa' chaladh,
le àrd-chaitlu'eam nan seòladairean a bu
leòir a dhùsgadh mhic-talla feiii as a
shuain. An am pilleadh mu fheasgar
bha gach neach a' raohidh butiidhean as
murrachas na Thames. An deigh so
shaoileamaid nach ruigear leas a bhi
'cosd cainnt ann a bhi 'dearbhadh nach
buin an innleachd do Shasunn. Na'm
bitheadh dad de 'n t seorsa roimiie so
aca fein, cha deanadh iad a leithid de
othail ri aon a thigeadh jI Albainn.
Is iad na h- Americanaich is dh\ithe a
dh'fhaodas dol air cliù agus creideas na
h-ùr-ìnnleachd a thoirt uainn. Is iad
gun teagamh a chuir ^n feum an toiseach
i. Kiim fear dhiubh d' am b' ainra
Robert Fulton, anus a' bhliadhna 1807,
smùid-shoitheach d' am b' ainra an
Clairmont a chur gu glens air an abhainn
mhor au Hudson agus b' e so a' cheud
chosnadh a chaidh a dheanadh riamh
leò. Cba robh iad air an cur gu ùis
an Albainn roimh 'n bhliadhna 1812, an
uair a chuireadh an Comet an ordugh ie
Henry Bell ann an Glaschu, gidheadh,
tha mi an dochas gu 'n dean mi soilleir
nach iad na h-Americanaich ach na h-
Albannaich, agus gur e fear a mhuinntir
Dhiinfris d' am b' aium Seumas Taylor,
an duine, leis an do rinneadh a cheud
Adniirality.
smùid-shoitheach.
Bha Seumas Taylor air fhòglilum ana
an àrd Oil thigh Dhuneidinn. Bha e ro
thiirail agus toigheach air a bhi 'dealbh
's a' feuchainn innleachd. Chaidh e
anns a bhliadhna 1785 do theaghlach
Mr. Patrick Miller ann an Dalswin-
ton a theagasg a chloinne. Bha Mr.
Miller mar an ceudna 'n a dhiiine inn-
leachdach agus mar so thachair iad air
a cheile. Fhuair iad bata a thogail air
son reis a bha ri feuchainn ann an Lite
'sa' bhliadhna 1787. Bha am bata air
cumadh ùir agus an aite bhi air a cur
air falbh le raimh 's ann a bha cuibheall
ag oibreachadh 'na meadhon. Bhuidh-
inn iad an reis ach chunnaic iad gu 'n
robh am bata cho goirt ri h oibreachadh
's nach bu chomasach do dhaoine a
sheasadh, — gu 'm feumta an dara cuid a
chuibheall a leagadh seachad no innleachd
a bu chumhachdaiche na neart dhaoine
fhaotainn 'ga h-oibreachadh. An deigh
breathnachadh air a' chùis thubhairt
Mr. Taylor nach b' aithne dha ni cho
freagarrach ri smùìd-innleachd a dh'oib-
richeadh gu sùr Jail gun fhàs sgìth, Cha
robh Mr. Miller 'ga fhaicinn cho freag-
arrach, ach ma dheireadh dh' aontaich e
leis cho fada 's gu'n deachaidh l)irlinn a
thogail agus sraùid-inneal beag de umha
a chàradh an ordugh innte 's a mach air
loch uisge Dhalsicintoin chaidh a feuch-
ainn a's sheoladh i gu siùbhl:ch mu
choig mile 's an uair, an sealladh nan
ceudan a chruinnich a dh' fhaicinn bata
a falbh cho luath gun ramh, gun seòl,
chithear fathast ann am paipeirean
naigheachd an am sin mion chunntas air
soirbheachadh na ceud oidhirp a chaidh
riamh a thoirt air soitheach no bata a
chur gu h-asdar le smùidinneal.
Shoirbhich leò cho maith 's gu 'n do
chuir iad rompa an ùr-ìimleachd a
thionndadh gu ùis a's buannachd gnn
dàil am beachd Litir-righ fhaotainn chum
a dheanadh cinnteach dhoibh fein. M'am
bitheadh iad aig cosdas a cheum so
riinaich iad tuillidh dearbhaidh fathast
a chur air a chùis le soitheach beag
146
AN GAIDHEAL. CeudMloganFhogharaidh, »872.
fhaotainn a thogail. Chaidh Mr, Taylor
gu fiiirneis mbòir Charrobi a cbam iia
buill throma iarruinn fhaotainn a thilgeil
air son na smùid-ìnnleachd a bha ri 'cur
anns an t-soitlieach ùr agus a chum an
obair a bheairteachadh an òrdugh innte.
ThuarasdaUiich è fear d* am b' aium
Symiiigton a bha ag oibreachadh a roir
stiùradh Mhr. Taylor fhein. Chaidh
an soitheach a chriochnachadh 'sa feuch-
ainn an lathair mhòran, uaislean as
chamanta air a' Chanal dh"ith do Char-
ron air an 26mh latha do mhios deir-
eannach na bUadhna 1789. Dh'fhalbh-
adh i gn siùbhlach, socair a' ruith so
mile 's an nair, 's bha gach duiue a' mol-
adh Ian shoirbheachadh na h-ùr-ìnn-
leachd. Shaoileadh duine gu'm bu leòir
na chaidh cheana ainmeachadh gu
'dhearbliadh gur ann do Albainn gun
teagamh a bhuineas ùr-lnnleachd na
smùid-shoìtheach 'sguregn sonraiehte
Mr. Seumas Taylor an duine adh'oib-
rich a mach i. (Ri leantainn).
0 '
R A N N AN
AIR AN SgRÌOBHADH AIG BAS AON GHIN MIC.
A Chailean, a Chailean, a Chailea „ ruin,
Gur cràiteach mo chridhe 's na deòir ann
am shixil,
Tham'iniitinn fo mhulad't
gun simnt,
Bho'n dh' fhà^ mi mo Chailean 's an Ach-
adh fo 'n ùir.
That'aogas gach latha fa chomhair mo shuil!
'Sgu'n saoil mi mar àbhaist gu'm bheil thu
dhomh dlutli
Led' a^^haidh mhin bhòidheich 'sdo mheall
shùilean gorm',
'Sdobhileananisnachdeanmànrannotoirm.
Gur trom tha mo cheum a' tighinn dach-
aiiih 's an oidhch',
Is bristeadh 's a cbròilean a b' àbhuist bhi
cruinn.
Bidh c;ich 'tÌKhinn a m' choinnearah 's a
streupadh ri m' ghliiin,
Ach aon dhiùbh tha m' dhith is cha till e ri
iiin.
Cha 'n 'eil bnUhair a nis aig do pheath-
raichean gaoil,
'S tha t' athair 's do mhàthair 'g ad ionnd-
rain o'n taobh;
Ach dh' iarr thu mu'n d'f hag thu nach robh
sinn ri caoidh.
Is sùil bhi ri dachaidh a mhaireas a chaoidh
'N uair a shiab thu na deòir o ar siiilean
bha Ian,
'S a phaisg thu ar muineal a'd' ghàirdeanan
ban',
'Sa phòg thu le aiteas gach scan agus òg,
'Sa dh'fheum sinn a ghealltainn nach bith-
eamaid ri bròn.
Oh athair, a mhathair, a pheathraichean
gràidh !
Mo bheannachd a nis leibh gu slorruidb
's gu bràth,
Is leanaibh an caraid 'thug mise as gach càs.
'S gu'n coinnich sinn far nach teid sgaradh
le has.
Cha robh thu ach òg ann an saoghal a' bhròin.
Ochd bliadhna 's seachd laithean a f huair
sinn ort coir ;
Ach esan 'thug dhuinn thu 's? nis a thug
uainn,
Bheir neart gu bhi striochdte d'a thoil anns
gach uair.
Ledaig, May, 1872. John Campbell,
0
SGEULACHD SGIRE MA CHEALLAIG.,
Bha Gille ò<,' ann uair 's chaidh e dh
iarraidh mnà do Sgire ma Cheallaig, agus
phòs e nighean tuathanaich, 'scha robh aig
a h-athair ach i fhein, agus 'nuair a thàinig
am huain na mòine, chaidh iad do 'n bhlàr
mhòine 'n an ceathrar. 'S chuireadh a'
bhean òg dhachaidh air thòlr na diathad,
agus airdol a staigh dhi chunnaic i srathair
na lài-ach bricc fos a cionn, agus thòisich 1
air caoineadh 's air riidli rithe fèin, de a'
dhcanadh ise nan tuiteadh an t srathair,
's a,u'm raarbhadh i i fciin 'sua bha air a
siubhal? 'N uair a b' fhada le luchd buain
na mòine a bha i gun tighinn chuir iad a
niàthair air falbh a shealltuinn de bha 'g
a cumail- 'N uair a riiinig a' chailleach
fhuair i a' bhean òg a' caoineadh a steach,
"Air tighinn ormsa,'' ars' ise, "de a thàinig
riut?" "0," ars' ise, "'nuair a thainig mi
steach chunnaic mi Srathair na làrach brice
fos mo chionn, 's do 'dheanainn-sa na 'n
tuiteadh i 's gu 'ra marbhadh i mi fhein 's
na tha air mo shiubhal!" Bhuail an t-seana
bhean a basan. "Thàinig ormsa an diugh!
na 'n tachradh sin, de a dhcanadh tu, na
mise leat;" Bha na daoine a bha 'sa' bhlàr
mhùin' a' gabhail fadachd nach robh aon
Ceud Mios an Fhogharaidh, 1872.
AN GAIDHEAL.
147
de na boireannaich a' tighinn, o 'n bhuail
an t-acras iad.
Dh' fhalbh an seann duine dhachaidh a
dh' fhaicinn du 'bha a' cumail nam Boireann-
ach, agus "n nair a chaidh e steach, 'sann a
fhuair e 'n dithis a' caoineadh 's a' bas-
bhualadh. "Ochon," ars' esan, " de a
thàinig oirbh !" " 0 " ars' an t-seana bhean,
" 'niiair a tbàinig do nighean dhachaidh, nach
fac' i Srathair na làrach brice fos a cionn,
'sde a dheanadh ise na 'n tuiteadh i 'sgu 'm
marbhadh i i-fein 's na bha air a siubhah"
"Thàinig orms' " ars' an seann diiine 's e
bualadh nam bas, na 'n tachradh sin."
Thàinig an duin' òg am beul na h-oidhche Ian
acrais, 's fhuair e'ntriùir a' comh-chaoineadh.
"Ubh ubh,'' ars' esan gu de' a thàinig oirbh.
Dh'innis an seann duine dha. " Ach," ars'
esan, cha do thuit an t-srathair." 'Nuair a
ghabh e biadli chaidh e laidhe, agus anns
a' mhaduinn thubhairt esan, "Cha stad mo
chas gus gu 'm faic mi triùir eile cho
gòrach ruibh. Dh' fhalbh e so air feadh
Sgire ma cheallaig, agus chaidh e steach do
thaigh ann, agus cha robh duine a steach
ach triiiir bhan 's iad a' sniomh air còig
Cuigeilean. " Cha chreid mi fhein," ars'
esan, gur h-ann a mhuinntir an àite so a tha
sibh." " Ta," ars' iadsan, " Cha 'n ann;
cha chreid sinn fhein." " 'S cha 'n
ann," ars' esan. " Mata," ars' iadsan " tha
na daoine a tha 's an àite so cho faoin, 's
gu 'n toir sinn a chreidsinn orra a' h-uile ni
a thoileachas sinn fein." " Mata," ars' esan,
" tha fàine òir agam 'an so agus bheir mi e
do 'n te agaibh a's feàrr a bheir a chreidsinn
air an duine." A' cheud fhear a th;\inig
dhachaidh de na daoine thuirt a bhean ris,
"Tha thu tinn." "Ambheil?" ars' esan.
" 0 tha," thuirt ise. " Cuir dhiot do chuid
aodaich 's bi a' dol a laidhe." Einn e so ;
agus 'nuair a bha e anns an leabaidh, thuirt i
ris, "Tha thu nise marbh." "O am bheil?"
ars' esan. "Tha," thuirt ise, "duin do
shuilean 's na gluais làmh no cas." Agus
bha e so marbh. Thainig an so an dara
fear dhachaidh, agus thubhairt a bhean ris,
"Cha tu a th'ann " "0 nach mi?" ars' esan
''0 cha tu," thuirt ise. 'S dh' fhalbh e 's
thug e a' choille air. Thàinig an so an
tritheamh fear a dh' ionnsuidh a thaighe
fhein, agus chaidh e fhein 's a bhean a
laidhe, 's chaidh gairm a mach am màireach
chum an duine marbh a thiodlilacadh; ach
cha robh a bhean-san a' leigeil leis-san
eiridh gu dhol ann. 'Nuair a chunnaic iad an
giùlan a' dol seachad air an uineig dli' iarr
i air a bhi 'g eiridh. Dh' eirich e 'n so le
cabhaig mhòir 's bha e 'g iarraidh a chuid
aodaich 's e air chall, 's thubhairt a bhean
ris gu 'n robh a chuid aodaich uime. "Am
bheil," ars' esan, "Tha," ars' ise. "Greas
thusa ort gus 'm beir thu orra." Dh'fhalbh
e 'n so 'n a chruaidh ruith, agus an nair a
chunnaic cuideachd a' Ghiùlain an duine
lomnochd a' tighinn smaoinich iad gur duine
e a bha as a chiall, 's theich iad fein air
falbh, 's dh' f hag iad an Giùlan, agus sheas
an duine lomnochd aig ceann na ciste
mhairbh, agus thainig duine a nuas as a'
choille, agus thubhairt e ris an duine a bha
lomnochd, ' 'Am bheil thu 'gam athnachadh? ' '
"Cha'n'eil raise,"' ars esan "'gad athnachadh."
"0 cha'n'eil; na'm bu^mhi Tòmas dh'
aithuicheadh mo bhean fuin mi." " Ach
car son" ars' esan, a tha thusa lomnochd?"
"•Am bheil mi lomnochd? Ma tha thubh-
airt mo bhean ruim gu 'n robh m' aodach
umam." " 'S i mo bhean 'thubhairt riumsa
gu 'n robh mi fhein marbh," ars' a' fear a
bha 'sa' chiste." Agus an nair a chuala na
daoine am marbh a' bruidhinn thug iad na
buinn àsta 's thainig na mnathan 's thug iad
dhachaidh iad, agus 's i bean an duine a bha
marbh a fhuair am fàine, agus chunnaic
esan an sin triiir cho g('irach ris an trùir a
dh' f hag e aig an taigh, agus thill esan
dhachaidh.
Agus chunnaic esan an sin bata a' dol a
dh' iasgach, agus chimntadh da dhuine
dheug a' dol a steach do 'n bhàta, agus an
uair a thainig i gu tir cha robh innte ach aon
duine deug. 'S cha robh fios cò am fear a
bha air chall. Agus am fear a bha 'g an
cimntadh cha robh e'ga chimntadh fhein idir,
agus bha esan a' coimhead so. " Ge de an
duals a bheir sibh dhòmhsa na 'm faighinn
am fear a tha air chall oirbh?" " Gheibh
thu duals air bith ma gheibh thu'n duine,"
thubhairt iadsan. "Deanaibh," ars' esan,
"suidhe ri taobh a cheile ma tha." Agus
rug e air siulpan maidc, agus bhuail e an
ceud fhear, "Bitheadh cuimhne agadsagun
i-obh thu fhein innte." Lean e air am
bualadh gus an d' fhuair e naire da dhuine
dheug 's e 'cur full gu feur orra, agus ged a
bha iad pronnta agus leòinte cha robh
comas air, bha iad toilichte air son gu 'n
d' fhuaradh an duine a bha air chall, agus
air chill pàidheidh 's ann a rinn iad cuirm
do'n duine a fhuair am fear a bha air
chall.
Bha loch aig tuath Sgire ma Cheallaig
air am bitheadh iad a' cur eisg, agus ars*
148
AN GAIDHEAL.
Ccud Mlosim Fho^haraidh, 1872.
esan '"S ann bu ch'iir dluiibh an loch a
thràgha-lh gus am faiglieadh sibh iasg ùr
chim na Cuirme ;" agus nuaira thràghadhan
loch cha d'fhuaradh dearg cisg air
ach aon casgann rahòr. Thubhairt iad an
so gu 'm b' i sud a' bhiist a dh' ith an
t-iasg orra. Rug iad oirre an so agus dh'
fhalbh iad leatha gu 'bathadh 's a' nihuir;
agus an uair a chunnaic esan so dh' fhalbh
e dhachaidh, agus air an rathad, chunnaic
e ceathrar dhaoine a' cur suas mart gu
mullach taighe gus an itheadh i am feur a
bha 'cinntinn air mullach an taighe.
Chunnaic e 'n so gu 'm bu dhaoine gun
samhuil sluagh Sg'ire ma Cheallaig. "Ach,"
ars' esan, " de 'n duais a bheir sibh
dhomhsa," 's bheir mi nuas am feur?"
Chaidli e 's ghe'irr e 'm feur, thug e do 'n
mhart e, agus, dh imich e roimhe. Chunn-
aic e 'n so duine a' tighinn 's mart aigc ann
an cairt, agus dh' aithnich daoine a' bhaile
gur h-e goid a' mhairt a rinn am fear so.
" Agus 's e bu choir mod a chur air." Mar
so rinn iad; agus 's e 'n ceartas a rinn iad
an t-each a chur gu bàs air son a bhi
'giulan a' mhairt.
Agus gu dearbhadh a thoirt dhuibhse
gu 'm bheil an sgeulachd so fiòr 's c so a
thug air lain Lorn am Bard a cluin-
tuinn : —
" Mar laf^h nan Iinntean nach maireann
A bha'n Sjjfire ma Cheallaisr
'Nuair a dhit iad an gearran 'sa' mhòd.'"
Bheirear an nochd iad 'n ar làthair,
Ged bhiodh cas againn 'n an gearradh.
Cuirear an tigh mòr gu straighlich,
Bidh na coinnleirean 'g an glanadh;
Bidh na ban-oglaich ri fuineadh
Chum nach faicear duine falamb.
DUAN CALLUINNE.
Le I. M'D.
B i nochd Oidhche na Bliadhn'-Uire —
Oidhche nan liiiroach 's nan caman;
Cuirear cuilean anns na diiiu
Is rud eile nach fhih dhomh aithris;
Theid coltar a' chroinn a shàthadh
Ann an àrd-dhorus an tighe
Chum nach toir buidseach na Sithe
Thoradli no 'bhrigh as a bhainne.
Bha i riamh 'na h-oidhche shona;
Chuireadh i sogan air fearaibh;
Bhiodh na maighdeannan 'n an uidheam;
'S gheibhteadh bruidhiim o gach caillich.
Oidhche 'n aighir, oidhche 'n t-siigraidh,
Oidhch'a' cliiiiil, is oidhche 'n drama;
Gheibh gach duine s ainmhidh 'ndlol;
*Sgur fear nach fhiach nach faigh a bliannag
Na mullachagan leathan, liontaidh,
Bh' aca fad bliadlm' air an f haradh,
FREAGRADH GAOIL.
Do "Fhàilte Gaoil" le Lilidh nan Eilean".
A Lilidh ghrinn. a Lilidh Ghaoil,
Bu chaoine leam bha f òr:in
Na mile tend gu fonnmhor caomh
An r;ion na coille dhòmhail
'N uair dhuisgoadh seis nan allt 's na gaoith
Gu fuaimneach. gaoireach còmhlath;
Thug t' Fhàilte Ghaoil le tuigse naoirah
Gràdh Daonna 's Nèimh gu còrdadh.
A Lilidh bhinn, a Lilidh chòrr
0 mhils' do phòig 'nuair dh'fh.-ig mi
Do m' chrldh' aon chaoimhneas gaoil cha
b'eòl
Ach leòn nach searg gu bràthach ;
Bha seirbhe dhian a' cl.ioidh ma threòir
Le deòir ainntinn chraiteich;
'S luidh neulaibh ciàn' le sileadh bròin
Air m' òig' 'dh' fhas tiamhaidh ànrach.
A Lilidh chaoin, a Lilidh bh;\n,
0 c'àit am bhcil ar bòidean!
Dh fliàs raise trungh o 'n bhacadh gràs
O 'n Aird a m' chumail còmhnard;
0 m' an am claoidht' an doimhueachd cràidh
Nach tràigh cho fad 's as beò mi! —
'Na pian bidh cuimhne m'fhoill gu bràth
'S i saor 0 bhtis a' m' òran.
0 Lilidh Ghaoil! A Ghaoil! Gabhtruas!
Oir chuartaicheadh o Nramh mi
Le mallachd tbroin is seargadh cruaidh
Air nach teid luaidh fo 'n ghrcin so!
0 maitheanas! cha "n iarr mi uait;
Cha'n fhuasgail sud o 'n phein mi;
Rinn mi long-bhriseaJh shearbli ; "s a cuan
Na truaigh cha'n iarr mi eiridh!
A ghathan grein' a las tre neoil
An òig' na maidne ciiiine,
Bidh cuimhne gheur learn lein ri m' blieò
Air bòidhchcad na bha dliith duinn.
'N uair luidh bhur leus air stiic is Ion
'Toirt dec) is càil as ùr duinn,
Is sinno 'n glacaibh gaoil gun ghò
Air bruachaig fheòir ghlais chiibhraidh.
tCeud Mlosan Fhogharaidh, 1872.
AN GAIDHEAL.
149
An d' thug sibh leibh air sgèith bhur soills'
An t-aoibhneas 'bha 'n ar sngradh
Gil tir a' Ghil far nacli 'eil doills'
A chaoidh ri 'faicinn dlix di?
A cheòlairean a b'fhonnmhoir' dain
A' snàmh an tlàs coill' ùrail'
An cuimhne leibh a' nihaduinn ghràidh
A dh' fhàs a nis clio ciiiirrteacli?
Bu mhaiseach àill nan craobh mu'n cuairt,
'S iad naine fo li greine !
Is b' ait an sealladh amharc suas
Air snuadli na doimhn' 's na speuraibli
Ach dh' fhalbh gach àgh, a Lilidh bhàn,
Tha cràdh an àite èibhnis;
Is slige 'ghràidh air lionadh Ian
De leòn nach tràigh 's nach treig sinn.
IAIN MACMHARAH.
MO MHATHAIR.
Co thog mi air a ciochaibh tlà,
'Sa thàlaidh mi gu suain le bàigh,
'S a dh' altrum mi 'na h-uchd le gradh?
Mo mhàthair.
'Nuair theich an codal fada nam,
Co thog an guth bu bhinne fuaim,
Air chor's gu'n thuit mi ann am shuain?
Mo mhàthair.
■Co dh' fhair thairis orm gu caomh,
'S mi 'm luidhe anns a'chreathail fhaoin,
'S a shil na deòir le bàigh co caoin?
Mo mhàthair.
Fo euslainte 'nuair bha mi'n sàs,
O am gu h-àm ni"s laige 'fas,
Co ghuil le geilt gu'm faighiun biis?
Mo mhàthair.
Co ruith gu dian gu m' thogail suas,
'Sa chogair sgeula beag a' m' chluais,
'Sa phòg air falbh mo Icon le truas?
Mo mhàthair,
Co air ùrnuigh dhùisg mo dhèigh,
Do fhocal naonih a's latha Dhe,
Gu triall 'na shlighe dhireach reidh?
Mo Mhàthair.
Am feud e bhith nach deanar leam,
Caidreamh a's caoimhneas riut gach am,
A bha CO bàigheil chaoimhneil rium,
Mo mhàthair?
Cha 'n flieud — b'e sin a bhi gun truas,
'S ma chumas Dia mo bheatha suas,
'Cha bhi do chaoimhneas dliomh gun duais
Mo mhathair.
Nuair dh' f hasas tusa lag sa' cheum,
Gheibh thu lorg o m' ghairdein fèiu,
S bithidh mi a' m' thaice dhuit a' d' fheum,
Mo mhathair.
'Nuair chailleas tu do luth 's do threòir,
Ni mi faireadh ort le deoir,
A dh'oidhch' 's a latha bi'dh mi d' choir,
Mo Mhathair.
NAIDHEACHDAN.
Thug sinn iomradh uair no dha cheana
mu'n OUa Libhingston a tha o cheann
aireamh bhliadhnachan ann am meadhon
Africai. Einneadh oidhirp air dòigh no dha
air 'fhaotainn a mach o 'n a sgaoil sgeul
ceithir bliadhna roimhe so gu 'n robh e air
a mharbhadh, ach cha d' fhuaradh fios cinnt-
each 'sam bith mudh(nbhinn. Fa-dheòidh,
ghabh Mr. Stanley, duine uasal tapaidh a
a tha co-cheangailte ris a' phaipcir-naidh-
cachd Americanach New-York Herald, os
làimh dol air tòir Libhingston do mheadhon
Africai. Dh' fhalbh e, air uidheamachadh
gu h-iomchuidh, agus mu thoiseach a'
Gheamhraidh fhuair e mach Libhingston
leis and d'fhan e mu cheithir miosa. 'N
uair a ràinig Mr. Stanley bha e air briseadh.
gu mòr 'n a shlàintc, ach mu 'n do dheal-
aich c ris 'san Earrach bha c air fas gu
maith liiidir agus beothail. Tha Mr. Stanley
a nis air tighinn air ais gu Sasunn agus mac
Libhingston agus feadhainn a bha a' dol a
dh'iarruidh 'athar air tilleadh leis. Dh'
f hàgadh Libhingston a' rannsachadh a mach
mu abhnaichean 's mu lochan an Africa;
dli'fhàgadh pailteas de gach ni feumail
aigc 's cha 'n 'eil dùil aige tighinn dhach-
aidh ri bliadhna no dha.
Mil dheighinn a Bhill a bh' anns a' Phàr-
lamaid air son na sgoilean Albannach a
dheanamh na 's fheàrr, feudaidh sinn a radh.
gu 'm bheil e nise an deigh 'dhol tro 'ii
Taigh lochdrach, 's tro 'n Taigh Uachdrach,
agus nach 'eil a dh' eis air gu bhi na lagh
ach a Bhan-righ a h-ainm a chur ris. Ged
a bha moran an aghaidh a' Bhill an uair a
chaidh a thoirt a kteach do 'n Phàrlamaid,
gu h-;iraid mu theagasg a' Bhiobuill 's na
sgoilean agus steidh a Mhaighstir-sgoile,
cha deach atharrachadh cudthromach air
bith a dheanamh air, oir chum an duine
'thug a steach e pailteas sluaigh gu thaobh-
san a ghabhail anns gach ciiis. Tha cuid
ag radh gum bi am Bill so na mhasladh do
dh' Alba, agus cuid eile nach d' fhuair Alba
150
AN GAIDHEAL.
Ceud Mios an Fhogharaldh, 1872;
aon riabh cbo maith ris. Faodaidh sinn a
Tadh, a reir an achd ùr so, gum feum sgoil
a bhi anns gach ait, agus gum feum a'
chlann a bbi air an cumail innte gu frith-
ealtacb. Air son cumail suas na sgoilcan
so bithidh cis air a togail; a^us bi'db'luchd-
riaghlaidh air an comharrachadb a mach
anns gacb ait gu coimhead tbairis air na
sgoilean, gu roghnacbadh a mliaiglistir-
sgoilo, gn 'phiiidbeadh mar a sbaoilcas iad
iomcbuidh, agus, gu 'tbagbadh air son na
dreuchd no cbur air falbh mar 'bi e 'dean-
amh a glmothaicb eeart. Tba mòran ann
an dòcbas gum bi na sgoilean ùra so air an
riagbladh ann am modh a bhios a chum
cliù agus fògblum an t-sluaigh àrdacbadh
gu mòr; agus tba sinn ann an dùchas gur
ann mar sin a bbitbeas, oir tba nioran
feadb na Gàidbealtacbd nacb urrainn focal
a leugbadb an diugb, agus tbeagamb ged
a tba iad mar sin, gun robh taigb-sgoile 'an
uidbc bbig bbo'n dorus fein, acb air son ni-
eigin gun sgoinn cha racbadb iad na cboir;
agus tba mòran sgoilean 's an dùthaicb as
ged a tba iad gu matb air am fritbealadb
nach mòr nacb bu cbo matb do 'n cbloinn
a bhi asda 's a bbi annta air son na 's
fbiacb iad. Tba gu trie dba no tri sgoilean
ann an aon ùite, te air a cumail suas leis a
bhuidbeann ud is te leis a bhuidbean ud
ejle, agus iad uilc cearbacb, an uair a dh'
fhaodadb aon sgoil cbeart a bbi eatorra a
(Ibeanadb an gnotbacb gu coimblionta, agus
bbo nacb cuir na buidbeanuan so an guaill-
ibb ri cbeile anns an ni so tba e ro-iom-
cbuidb gii'm bitbeadb e air a dbeanamh le
lagb na riogbacbd, a chum 'snacb bi gnotb-
acb cbo cudtbromach ri fògblum no h-òig-
ridb air fbàgail air dbeireadli.
Tba iasgacb an sgadain an Leodhas agus
ùitean eile air feadb na Gàidbealtacbd a nise
fieachad air son an tsambraidb so; agus
cha robh e bbo cheann fbada cho bocbd.
13ha iasgacb na Langainn mar an ceudna
mòran na bu mbiosa na 'b' àbbaist. Tha
iasgacb an sgadain 'an Gallthaobh a nis' air
•toiseachadh, acb cha deachaidh a bheag a
<iheanamh fbathasd. Tha am burr air
fcadh Albainn a' sealltuinn gu gasda. Bha
■<jeircadh an earraich agus toiseach an
t-samhraidh anabarrach flinch air feadb
Alba, acb bha cor latha do thide bhriagh
air a mhios a chaidh seacbad. Tha cunntas
gu'm bhe:lan tide neo-chumanta tcith 'an
America air an t-samhradh so.
Tha mòran a' dol air iomruicli bho 'n
Ghiiidhealtachd air a' bhliadhua so. Dh'
f balbh còrr agus tri cheud pearsa bho Eileait
Leodhais mar tha, agus tha tuillidh a falbh
fhathast; 'sann do Cbanada losal agus Ard'
a tha 'chuid mhòr diubh a' dol Chaidh
beagan gu ruig Neiu Zealand.
SLAN LE FIONN-AIRIDH.
[Eadar tbeangaicbte le G. Mac-na-Ceardadh?
nach maireann.]
JSirich agus tiugain, 0,
Eiricli agus tiugain, 0,
Eirich agus tiugain, 0,
Mo shoraidh, slan, le Fionn-Airidh.
Tba 'n latba maitb, 's an soirbbeas ciùin,
Tha 'n iiine 'ruith, 's an t-àra dbuiun dlùtb..
Tha 'n bat' 'g am fbeitbeamb fo a siiiil,
Gu m' thoirt a null o Fhionn-Airidb.
Eirich agus, dc.
Tba ioma mile ceangal blàtb
Mar sbaigbdean ann am fein an sàs;
Mo cbridhe 'n impis a bhi sg;\int'
A cbionn bbi 'f àgail Fbionn-Airidh.
Eirich agus, &c.
Bu trie a gbabh mi sgriob leam f hcin,
Mu 'n cuairt air lùcbairt Fbinn an trein;
'S a dh dli'eisd mi sgeulacbdan na Feinn
'G an cur an ceill am Fionn-Airidb.
Eirich agus, d'c.
'S bu trie a sbeall mi feasgar Màirt
Far am biodb Oisein 'seinn a dhàn ;
A' coimhead grein aig ioma trà
'Dol seacb gacb la 's mi'm Fionn-Airidhi
Eirich agus, &c.
Allt-na-Caillich — srutban ciiiin
Le 'bborbhan binn 'dol seacb gacb lùb,
Is llonmbor aoibbneas 'fliuair mo shuil
Mu'd bbruacbaibbdlùth doFbionn-Airidb^
Eirich agus, &c.
Beannacbd le beanntaibb mo gbaoil
Far am faigli mi 'm fiadb le 'laogb, —
Gu ma fad' an eoilleacb-fraoicb
A' glaodbaicb ann am Fionn-Airidb.
Eirich agus, dbc.
Acb cha 'n iad glinn is beanntan ard'
A lot mo cbridh, 's a rinn mo cbràdh,
Acb an diugb na tha fo pbramb
An teach mo gbràidli am Fionn-Airidb.
Eirich agus, &c.
Beannacbd le atbair mo gbràidh
Bidli mi 'cuimbneach ort gu bràthj
Ghuidbinn gacb sonas is ;\gb
Do 'nt-sean fhcar bbi\n am Fbionn-AiridIi»
Eirich agus, &c.
»CendMìosau Fhogharaidh, 1872.
AN GAIDHEAL.
151
Mo mhàthair! — 's ionmliuinn t' ainm r'a
luaidh —
Am feum mi tearbadh nait clio luath?
Is falbh a'rn' allabanach truagh
An cian uait fein 'so Fhionn-Airidh.
Eirich agus, &c.
Soraidh leat-sa, bhràthair chaoin,
Is fòs le peathraichibh mo ghaoil;
Cuiribh bròn is deòir a thaobh,
'S biodh aoibh oirbh ann am Fionn-Airidh.
Eiricli agus, &c.
'nieasbuig bhig, mo Leanabh gràidh,
Gu 'n coimhead Dia tbu o gach càs ;
■'S bu mbiann leam fèin ma thiU gu bràtli
Do gbàire blàtli bhi 'm Fionn-Airidh.
Eirich agus, &c.
Am feum mi siubhal iiait gim dàil!
Na siùil tha togta ris a' bhàt' !
Soraidh, slàn, Ìe tir mo ghràidh ;
Is slàn, gu bràth le Fionn-Airidh !
Eirich agus, &c.
DUANAG A' CHIOBAIR.
LeDòmhmiUPhàiranCeann-a'-Ghiubhsaich.
Gu 'm bheil mulad air m' inntinn
'0 'n là 'thàinig mi 'n tìr so,
S nach faic mi mo nighneag dhonn òg.
■»S nach faic mi mo nìghneag dhonn òg.
O nach faic mi a' cbaileag
Do 'n d' thug mi 'n cion-fallaich —
,S ann a dli' f hag mi i 'n Raineach nam bo,
'S ann, &c.
°S ann a dh' f hag mise gruagach
An fhuilt cham-lùbaich, chuacbaich,
An taobh thall do Dhruitn-Uachdair an
fheòir.
An taobh, &c.
Tha deud shnaighte mar dhisnean
'Am beul meachair na ribhinn,
'S gur millse na 'figuis a pòg.
'Sgur, &c.
'Ciochan corrach, 'siad glegheal,
Ann am broilleach a leine.
Mar aiteal na grein' ri la ceo,
Mar, &c
Slios mar eala nan cuaintean,
No mar shneachda nam fuar-bheann,
Calpa cuimir, 's troidh uallach 'am bròig,
Calpa, &c.
'S cha 'n 'eil samhla do m' hiaidh-sa
'Measg na chi mi mu 'n cuairt domh,
Ged a chruinn'cheadh n' tha shluagh anns
an t-Sròin.
Ged, &c.
S ged a chruinn 'cheadh an duthaich
Gu feill Chinn-a'-ghiubhsaich,
Cha bhiodh te ann do 'n duraiginn pog,
Cha, &c.
Cha 'n e sid 'rinn mo chiiirradh
0 na thàinig mi 'n dùthaich-s',
Ach nach fhaod mi 'dhol null air do thoir.
Ach &c.
Tha 'n t-astar cho fada
'S nach fhaod mi tighinn dachaidh,
Eagal each 'bhi 'g am fhaicinn 's an ro^d,
Eagal, &c.
'S bi 'dh mo mhaighstir 'g am ionndrainn
O'n tha 'n stoc air mo chiiram, —
'S mi 'g an gleidheadh air cul Bail'-a'-chrò.
'S mi, &c.
'S mi gach latha mu 'n cuairt dhaibh
'S iad cho duilich ri 'bhuach'leachd
O na thàin' iad gu tuath do 'n Chreig-Mhòi r,
0 na, &c.
'S mòr gu 'm b' fhearr 'bhi 'g am buach'-
leachd.
Ri mulach na guaille
Far nach iarradh iad buachaill ri 'n sròin,
Far nach, &c.
Far nach biodh orm bonn curaini
'N uair a chuirinn mo chii riuth'
Ged a bhitheadh iad dùinte le ceo,
Ged, &c,
Ach ni mi litir a dhimadli
'N deise 'sgriobhadh dha t-ionnsaidh
'Sbi'dh tu cinn teach nach muth mi mo sheòl.
'S bi 'dh, &c.
'S ged a bheir mi seachd bliadhna,
A' siubhal nan crioch so
Te eile cha 'n iarr mi 's tu beò,
CEUM NO DHA O'N CHAGAILT
Mu ta 'Ghàidheil ghaolaicli, 'siom-
adh rud a chi'n duine 'bhios fada beò;
agus a ri 's e mise 'dh' fhaodas sin a
ràdh. B'e sin e; b'e sin e, 'nàile paipear-
naigheachd agus leabhar-sgeòil Gàidh-
ealach. Mo bhannag air an diiilanach.
a smaoinich an toiseach air a' leithid
a' ghniomh diithchail a dheanamh!
Eudail gu'm bu fada beò e; agus an.
latha 'gheibh e 'm bàs gu 'm b'ann 'na
dhèigh-san a bhios beannachdan nan
Gaidheal anns gach ceàrnaidh dhe'n
domhan. Agus tha iad ag innseadh.
dhòmh-sa gur h-e òganach a dh' f halbh.
152
AN GAIDHEAL.
Ceud Mios an Fhoghafaidh, 1872;
d Eilean-an-Fhraoich do dh' America,
agus a tlia nis an deigh tighinn air ais
cho beartach ri liidhach a tha 'ga chur
a mach. Slàn iomradh air. A ri!
'sbeag an t-iongantas ged a thuirt Mac-
Leòid 's au òran.
*• An t-eilean ro mhaiseach gur pailt ann am
biadh; [jflinanj
"Se eileaii as iiillt air'n do dhealiaicli a'
'S c eilean mo ghriiidh-s' e, bha (iliùilig ann
rianih [cuan siar."
'S chii'u fhalbli i gu brath us gu'n tiiiigh an
agus mur 'eil mise breugach 's i 'n fhir-
inn a th'aige; gu h-àraidh cho fad agus
a bhios e fh^in is Mac Neacail beò — an
an dara fear a' dol a' h-uile geamhradh
a chumail concert Gàilig ann an Steòr-
nabhaigh mhuir a' Chaisteil, agus am
fear eile 'cur a mach paipear-naigheachd
do chlann nan Gàidheal 'nan cainnt
fèin ! Gu ma fada beò òganaich Eilean ! chur suas ann
unn ; agus tha e 'na ni cinnteach nach
biodli gnothach aig Ceann-cinnidh
Chlann Mhuirich ri Comunu Gliall no
Ghàidlieal mur a biodh iad air bonn
ceart. Cha 'n 'oil an Comunn fhathasd
bliadhna 'dh' aois, ach ged uach'eil,
's iomadli ball a th'ann; — tha buill d
Eiriuu 'sd Sasunn cho mhath 'sàs gach
oisinn de'n Ghàidhealtachd. Gidheadh
tha'u luchd-riaghlaidh air son gu'n
cruinnich an còrrde na Gàidheil mii'm-
brataich. Agus farraideam co'n Gàidli-
eal leis nach miann na ceathairnich a
chobhair? oir 'se so run a Chomuinn: —
"Na buill a dheanamh iomlan 'sa'
Ghàilig; cinneas cànaine, bàrdachd,
agus ciùil na Gàidhealtachd; bàrdachd,
seanachas, sgeulachd, leabhraichean
agus sgriobhanna 's a chànain sin a
theàrnadh o dhearmad; leabhar-lann a
bade lubhir-Nis de
an Fhraoich! Tha mise 'g innseadh
dhuibh 'scha'n ann idir le brosgal nach
cuireadh sealladh dhe mo leannan (nam
biodh tè agam) aleth de dh'aighir orm
agus a chuir "An Gàidheal" an uair a
chunnaic mi c. Aig an am bha mi ann
an Inbhir-nis agus sheall mi e do sheann
Ghàidheal coir; agus an tomhais sibh
ciod a thuii-t e? Thuirt e gu'n dean-
adh "An Gàidheal" urram mòr a chos-
nadh do dh' Alba. Ach ma thaitinn
.■sealladh dhe 'n leabhar ris 's ann a bha
e aighearrach 'n uair a shin mi air
leughadh dha litir Riinasdaich Mu
Ghaidheil Ghlaschu. Shaoileadh sibh
nach robh uair eil' aig air an talamh le
gaireachdaich 'n uair a thàinig mi gus
an earrann a bha 'gràdh gur li-e
"Soiree" an dòigh Fhrangach air an
fhocal "Suiridh!"
Ach o'u a shin mi air sgriobhadh
idir, theagamh nach bu bheag oirbh
ged a chuirinn naigheachd no ni-eigin
eile gu 'r n-ionnsuidh. 'S a' cheud àit',
mata, an cuala sibh fhèin agus bhur
luchd-leughaidh gu 'm bheil "Comunn
Gàilig" ann an Inbhir-nis? Mu 'r
cuala 'siongantach e; oir 'se Cluainidh
Mac-a-Phearsainn is ceann air a Chom-
leabhraichibh agus sgriobhannaibh —
ann an cànain 'sam bith — a bhuineas
do chàileachd, ionnsachaidh, cachd-
raidheachd agus sheanachasaibh nan
Gàidheal no do thairbhe na Gàidheal-
tachd; coir agus cliii nan Gaidheal a
dhion; agus na Gàidheil a shoirbheach-
adh a ghnà ge b'e ait am bi iad."
'S cinnteach mise gur taitneach a
leughas gach duine dhe 'n Chomunn
"An Gaidheal," agus tha mòr iongantas
orm ma bhios duine idir dhiubli nach
ceannaich e — oir tha mi 'faicinn gur
h-ann a chum na h-aon chriche 'tha iad
fein 's "An Gaidheal" ag obair. Ach
gun fhios nach fhaodadh neach-èiginn
so fhaicinn leis 'm bu mhiannach a bhi
'na Bhall de'n Chomunn 's coir dhomh
innseadh gu 'm bheil e cho fosgailte do
bhean no do mhaighdinn shubhailcicli
sam bith foighinn a steach, agus a tha
e do Thriath Gheàrr-loch. Ach thuirt
mi gu leòir aig an am so mu 'n Chom-
unn. Neach air bith a bhios ag iarr-
aidh an còrr eòlais, sgiobhadh esan no
ise gus an Rùn-Chlòireach, Uilleam
Mac-Aoidh.
Tha iomadh ni ann an Inbhir-nis as
am bu choir do na Gàidheil a bhi 'dean-
Cettd Mio8 an Fhogharaidh, 1672.
AN GAIDHEAL.
isa^
amh uaill ; ach cha 'n fhaod mi idir a
i ràdh gu 'm bheil gach ni cho math 's a
bu choir daibh. Ann am baile de
mhiad Inbhir-nis, agus gu h-àraidh
baile 'th' air a shuidheachadh ann an
àite 'm faighear pailteas o mhuir 's o
thir, bu choir mòran oibrichean a bhi
air an cumail air aghart. Ach cha 'n
ann mar sin a tha, am fear a gheibh
beagan airgid, bidh eagal air a chur a
mach aig a bhaiie; agus ma'samiann-
ach leis dad idir a dheanamli, 's e falbh
do dh' ait eile 'ni e, agus caithidh e 'n
sin an t-airgeadleis'm bu choir da a bhi
'deanamh feuma ann an duthaich a'
bhreithe. An can sibh rium-sa gu'm
bheil sin ceart ?
Ach coma co-dhiu, tha Inbhir-nis a
soirbheachadh. Coiinhidibh Pàdruig
Deòrsa Mac-Uilleim fèin. Tha mise
'g innseadh dhuibh gu 'm b' onair do 'n
Ghaidhealtachd na tha e 'cur de sheud-
aibh Gàidhealach do dhuthaichibh cèin.
Smuainaichibh-se gur e duine fhuair
spàinn òir 'n a bheul a's urrainn a dhol
a reic àilleaganan ris a Bhan-righ, 'sri
Ban-Impire na Gearmailt, maille ri
mòran phrionnsaibh as bhan-phrionns-
aibh a b' urrainn mi ainmeachadh.
Agus ged a tha e 'deanamh gnothuch
ri àrd-uaislean na diithcha, tha e cho
caoimhneil ris an duine bhochd 'sa tha
e ris an duine bheartach; agus tha e
cho saor ri òr-cheard no uaireadairiche
'sa' bhaiie. — Muinntir eile 'tha 'dean-
amh mòr reic ris na h-uaislean, Mac-
Dhiighaill 's a chuideachd. Tha iad so
ainmeil air son an cuid bhreacannau ;
agus gun teagamh sam bith 's math a
thig dhaibh an Deise-gheàrr a dhean-
amh.
Ach feuraaidh mi bhi 'toirt mo chas-
an a Inbhir-nis agus ruaig a thoirt
feadh na diithcha. "Seadh, seadh,
mata, falbh am aid air a charbad iarruinn,
agus cha stad sinn bonn gus an ruig
sinn Srath-Spe," deir caraid dhomh-sa
'nlà-roimhe. Ach ged a thuirt, —
feuch an d'fhalbh e? 'S e fhèin am
fear nach d' rinn : ach coma, dh' fhalbh
mise ; agus ged a bha 'm feun anns an
robh mi Ian muinntir a' fàgail Inbhir-
nis aon duine ach mi-fhèin cha robh
ann an uair a ràinig mi Faroi's. Agus
eadar Farais is Baile-nan-Granndach
bha mi air a' mhodh cheudna, air cbor
's gu 'n do shin mi air seinn
"'S fhada mi 'm ònaran
'Sfbada mi 's mi leam fhin,
'Scianail o thir m'eòlas mi,
'S fhada mi 'm ònarnn."
'S truagh nach robh mi le ra'annsachd
Feadh nan gleanu anns <in òg-mhaduimi-
'S fhada mi. &c.
Anns a' ghleann anns an cluinnear
Leam coireall na Smeoraicho.
'S fhada mi, &c.
'N gleann 's an cinn an t-sail chuaiche
'S air na cluaintean na neòineanan. —
'S fhada mi, &c.
'S an am eiridh 's a' mhaduinn
'Geisdeachd langan 'n d limh chròcaiche. .
'S fhada mi, &c.
Anns a' ghleann sin b'e m' aoibhnis
'Bhi le maighdinn nan ròs ghruaidhean
'S fhada mi, &c.
Sin agaibh mar a chaidh mise air
m' aghart; agus an uair a bha mi 'dol a
chantuinn, 'an àite 'bhi anns' a ghleann
a bha mi 'miannachadh gur h-ann a
dh'fheumainn tàmh rè na h-oidhche
'an taigh-òsda air chor-eigin ann am
Baile-nan-Granndach, stad an carbad,
agus choisich mise gus an taigh-òsda,
's tachas 'na mo bhuiim, oir cha robh.
mi riabh roimhe 's an àite. Chuir mi
oidhche seachad 'an sin agus a' lath'r
na mhaireach dh' fhalbh mi suas troimli
Shrath-Spè. Tha mise 'g ràdh ruibh a
Ghàidhpil ghràdhaich gur h-anabarr-
ach briagha an duthaich Srath-Spe,
agus a thuilleadh air a sin, tha sluagh
ro-chaoimhneil ann. Ach 'sann aca
'tha 'Ghàilig as troimhe chdile 'chuala
mi riabh. Dh'fhoighnich mi ri fear de
mhuinntir an àite ciod e an rathad a
blia Ceann-a'-Ghiuthsaich nam* "Tha
direach straight ann.<?an direction sin"
ars' esan, 's e 'sineadh a in ach a làimhe
rathad Chinn-a'-Ghiubhsaich. Fear
eile ris 'n do choinnich mi dh' fheòraich.
154
AN GAIDHEAL.
Cead lIiosanFbogbarmdIi,lS72.
mi c' ainra a bh' air na beanntaibh a
bha mi 'faiciun 'an siu agus currachd
slineacbd air mullach gach aon diubh.
"0 dearbh," deir esan, "cba'u'eil fios
agam-sa, ach glieibh sibb f hdin an ainm
anns an Geography ; agus tba mi cinnt-
each na'n rachadh a measurigeadh
gu 'm bbeil height annta nacb conceiv-
igeadh duino 's am bith le 'm faicinn
dhe 'n ratbad mbòr."
Db'fhàg mi "Granndaicb Shratb-
Spe," ged a bba iad coir, caoimbneil,
agus sbiubbail mi gu Cinn-a'-Ghiubb-
saicb ; agus a ri ma sbiubbail, 's mise
sbiubbail an diitbaicb as taitnicb anns
an robb mi riabb. Cho luath 'sa
raiuig mi Cinn-a'-Gbiubhsaicb cbaidb
mi gu taigb caraid àraidb, 's b'e f bèin
an caraid 's an duine coir. Acb, a
Obàidheil gbaolaicb, 'sfbada o'n chuala
sibb, "Coinnicbidb na daoine ged nacb
coinnicb na cnuic," agus air an aobbar
sin, le bbur cead-sa, coinnicbidb
muinntir Chinn-a'-Gbiubbsaicb a's
mise fbatbasd air duilleagaibb "A'
Gbàidbeil." CUAIRTEAR.
LUATH ASTAR NA H-URNUIGH.
Cha n-aitbne dbomb cò a sgriobb an
laoidb a leanas, 'us cba-n-eil f bios agam
CO dhiubb a tba no nacb 'eil i cheana
'an clò. Ach is dearbb leam gur airidh
i air àite maitb ann an duilleagaibb A'
Ghaidhil, agus gu-m bi a lucbd-leugh-
•aidh toilicbte air son i 'bbi air a toirt
fa'n combair. Tba urrad de spiorad na
fior bbàrdaclid anns na ceud ceitbir
rannan, 'snacb ruigeadb leas Oisein no
Ullin nàire 'gbabhail dhiubb. Ach
tba 'n t-iomlan snasda, agus tha'n teag-
asg a tba i a' toirt duinn da rireadh a
reir an f hocail sbòlasaicb a tba 'g ràdh
"Tba Dia dliith dhoibhsan uile a
ghairmeas air ann am firinn."
CUlcMh;iillibli. 1 P P
Treas Mlos an t-Samhraidh, 22mh, 1872. / ^- *-'•
Ge luath air a sgiathan a' ghaoth
A' saighdoadh thar aonach nan gleann;
Ge dian ceum na lasrach 's an f hraoch
'N am earraich, suas taobh nam beann,
Us fuar-anail chruaidh a' mliàirt
A' sgiùrsadh na càire deirg,
'S a' ruagadh nan neul gu h-àrd
Mar imeaclid an sgail air an leirg; —
Ge siiibhlach an long air a' chuan
Roimh f huadach ua doininne gairg',
S na sliabh-thuinn a' tòirleum in'a h-èarr
'G a h-iomain le gànraich feirg
'Us torman a crànraidh troni,
Geur-thead lom, air uair, 'n a beaii't,
Coiprich m' a saith*, 's i 'n càs,
"S a foirnet 'failneach a chion neairt: —
Ge luath, air cleitridh chòrr a sgiath,
A dh' astras ligh nan ian an àird
Feadh failbhe;}: fhàs a' ghorm-choip§ chein
'Tha 'còmhdach rùnH nan speuran uill:
'Sge cas a dhoirteas griann a soills
A nuas gu lar troi 'n aibheisf" chian,
Is deine, is siiibhlaiche, 's is luaith'
A ruitheas urnuigh suas gu Dia.
Ged is aird' os ar ceann an Triath
Na 'n t-astar 'tha 'ghrian o 'n chè,*
Gur luaithe na dealan air fair'
A ruigeas 'n a làth'r ar n-eigh;
S ma dh' iobrar miann a cridhe ceart
Is ceart co luath thig neart g' ar fòir,
'S a thaomas tuiltean trom thar eas
Air sliunein cas nam beannta mòr.
Co, mata a bhios 'an cruas,
(Mar tha gach aon mhac truaillidh ere)
Nach tog ri Dia a ghuidhe 'n aird
'S gur athair 'tha ro chàirdeil E?
Esan a thug suas a Mhac
Chum peacaich lag a dhion o sgrios,
Ciamar bhios creidcach ann an ag
Gu-n cum e aon dad uaithe leis?
Cha bhi, cha bhi, cha mheath a ghaol
Do 'n aitim sin a ròghnuich b,
Bheir e dhoibh am feum 's an t-shaoghal-s',
Bheir saoibhreas pailt 'an saogh'l a's feàrr.
Is daor a dhioladh air an saors',
'S thug sin a ghnàth fo dhaors' an gràdh-s',
Oir dh' lath e ump' a chordan gaoil
G' an nasgadh dliith ri 'thaobh gu bràth
• "Saith," no "suigh," aisinn, no fiodhrach-tarsuinn
bàta.
f "Fòìrne;'' sgiobabàta.
t "Failbh" (falamb); an iarmailt, an speur.
§ "Gorm-chop;" am Beuria blue vault.
II "Run;" diomhaireachd.
"IT " Aibheis," farsuingeachd nan speur, no a' chuaiu.
** " Cè," an talamb, an saoghaL
Cend Mìosan Fhoghaxaidh, 1872.
AN GAIDHEAL.
15S
NITHE NUADH AGUS SEAN.
Cha'n'eil aon chuid cridheachan matha
no tuigse mhatli aig luchd-tuaileis.
Cha 'n 'eil e ceart gu'n diteadh sinn neach
'sam bith nach'eil 'san làthairgu dhìonfein.
Cha 'n fhiach le neach aig am bheil ceud
fathan mora a bhi ri connspoid.
Seachajn, mar a sheachaineadh tu an nath
air, an neach a sgriobhas gu mi-mhodhail,
ach fathast a labhras gu milis.
Cha 'n 'eil aoibhealeachd 'na dearbhadh
gu'm bheil an inntinn aig fois, oir is trie
"am meadhon gàire gu 'm bheil an cridhe
dubhach."
Tha tri nithean ro dhuilich ann, sgeul
riiin a ghleidheadh, càineadh no lochd a dhi
chuimhneachadh, agus feum math a dheanadh
a dh' ùine a bhitheas aig neach dha fdin.
Air do Phlato cluinntinn gu'n robh naimh-
dean aige a labhair gu h-olc ma dh^ibhinn
fhreagair e, -'Bithidh mo chaithe-beatha air
dhòigh 's nach creid neach 's am bith iad.''
Seachain an t-siiil a dh' aithnicheas an t-
olc gu luath, agus a tha mall a dh' fhaicinn
a' mhaith.
TOIMHSEACHAIN.
1. Coileach dubh 's a' bhail' ud thall,
Ite dhubh is ite dhonn;
Da ite dheug am làrr a sgeith,
'S còrr is tri fichead 'na dhruim.
2. Tobaran oir am meadhon a' bhaile so
Tri chinn oir is comhla ghloine ris.
3. Siùbhlaidh e na lùanagan,
Siùbhlaidh e na breunagan,
Siubhlaidh e'n t-imire fada,
'S thig e dhachaidh anmoch.
4. Each dubh is each donn bonn ri bonn,
'S luaithe 'n teach dubh na 'n t-each
donn.
5. Tiolcaidh am marbh am beò.
6. Bean bheag a' tigh'nn do'n bhaile so,
'S creagada creag air a muin;
Casan oirre 's i gun làmhan
'S ultachan càthadh 'na h-uchd.
Freagairtean do na Toimhseachain anna
a' chùigeamh Aireamh de 'fi Ghaidheal.
1. Peileir.
2. Ubh.
3. Snàthad.
4. Bròg,
5. Loinid bheag.
6. Soitheaeh le 'bàta.
7. Tuagh.
8. A mac fein.
9. Gath-greine.
10. T'ainm.
SOP AS GACH SEID.
Millidh diinadas modh.
Molaidh an teach math e f hein.
Chaidh dubhag ri dualchas.
Trod a' mheasain 's a chùl ri làr.
Theid dimadas gu droch oilean.
Tilg mir am beul na bdist.
Leig e 'n tearball leis a' chraicionn.
'S i 'n taois bhog a ni mKs rag.
lallan fada o leathar chàich.
S eigin do 'n f heumach a bhi falbhanach.
Na sir uisge teth I'o chloich I'huar.
'Tha car eile an adharc an daimh.
'S ann a bhitheas an uaisle mar a chumar i,
Coinnichidh na daoine ged nach coinnich Dik.
cnuic.
Mar 's miannach le brìi bruichear bonnach.
'S farasda duine gun nàire a bheathachadh.
FREAGAIRTEAN.
Do A. Mac C, Inbhirnis — Fhuair sinn aa
litir a' gearan air son a bhi deanamh Shas-
unnuich de na h Albannaich. 'S anu gua
Ihios do'n fhear-uUachaidh a fhuair na
briathran ud iiite 's A' Ghaidheal; agus tha
sinne cho fada 'n aghaidh a bhi deanamh
Shasunnaich de'r luchd-duthcha ri A. MacC.
fhdin, 'sair an aobhar sin, cha bhi leithid do
ni 's A' Ghaidheal tuilleadh.
Do Niall Crùbach. — Fhuair sinn an litir
leibeideach a churthusa thugainnn. Am bheil
thu srauainteachadh gu'm bheil do chuid-sa
bagraidhean a' dol a cliur " A' Ghàidheil " dhe
na bhonn air 'n do sheas e'n toiseach? Ged
a bhiodh "An Ghldheal" cho dona ri bodach
na h asai f hein cha ghabhadh e do chomhairle.
'Nuair a sgriobhas tu arithisd a' NèiUcuimh-
nich nach bi thu buileach cho droch-eilean-
ach, fein-mholtach 'sa bha thu air an uair so.
Siùn leat a NèiU agus 's e miann "A'
Ghaidheil" gum bi tuillidh cdill agad mu'n
smuanaich thu air an ath litir a chur aa
rathad so.
Do A. R. F., Ceanna'-Ghiùbhsaich.— Tha
sinn fada 'n ur comain air son na 'n toimh-
seachain a's nithibh taitneach eile a chuir
sibh ihugainn. Bhiodh e ro iomchuidh gach,
ni dhe'n t-seòrsa 'tha ri fhaighinn a' measg
an t-sluaigh a thional, agus a theàrnadh o
dhearmad; agus na'n deanadh ar càirdean,
uile feadh na Gàidhealtachd cho math ruibh-
sa, cha bhiodh e gu cron daibh fein, agus
shealladh e nach do dhi-chuimhnich iad hbh-
achd an sinnseir. Bidh sinn toilichte cluinn-
inn fathasd o A. R, F.
156 AN GAIDHEAL. CeudMìo»anFhogharaidh,1872.
LOCH-NAN-GARR.
A' m' shealladh a cliòmlinaird, a liosan nan ròsan!
'N 'ur measg-sa biodli mùirnean na sògh re a shaog'l;
Tboir dhòmhsa na stùcan fo 'n t-sneachda le 'shròlaibli
An còmluiuidh 'tha 'galtrumas saorsa is gaoil!
Seadh, Albainn mo chridhe, 's ro ionmhuinn do bheannta!
Mu 'n cinn gheal', 0 chithinn, na duilean ri àr;
An càit srhlag uillt chithinn mire 'n Eas steallmhoir —
Tha mise an geall air gleaun donn Loch-uan-Gàrr.
Ah! 'n sud bha mo cheuman a' m' òige gu tlachdmhor;
B'i bhoineid an ad leam, b' e 'm breacan mo chleòc;
Mo chuimhn' air cinn-fheadhna a dh' eug bha mi cleachdadh,
'S mi 'mànran troimh ghlacaig na coille gach lò ;
'S cha 'n iarrainn del dhachaidh gu 'n ciaradh am feasgar
'S gu 'n seargadh a mhais' roinih na reultaibh gu h-ard;
Oir sholairinn sùnnt am beul-aithris na h-eachdraidh
A gheibhteadh o nàistnich ghlinn duinn Loch-nan-Gàrr.
"A thaibhsean nam marbh! nach cual mi 'ur guthan
A' siubhal troimh 'n t-soirbheas air anail na h-oidhch'?"
0 's cinnt' gu 'm bheil ^ibhneas air anam a' churaidh
Ri turns trè 'ghleann fdin air sgiathaibh na gaoith.
Mu 'n cuairt Loch-nan-Gàrr 'n uair a dhtimhlaicheas gaillionn
'S an Geamhradh d 'chathair fhuair reòit' a' cur failt,
Tha neula a' cuartachadh Chruthan mo shinnsear
'Tha 'chòmhnuidh an siontaibh ghlinn duinn Loch-nan- Gàrr.
""Am fac sibh 'n ur n-aisling, ged bha sibh co treubhach,
Gu 'n robh e an dan nach biodh difeachd 'n ur stri?"
Ah! 'm b' e bhur dan aig Cuilfhodair gu 'n eugadh?
Cha d' èirich leibh buaidh, 's ann a thuit sibh 's an fhrith;
Gidhcadh, bha sibh sona ! clos tahnhaidh an eugaidh
'G 'ur càradh le 'r treubhaibh an uamhaibh Bhramàir;
A' phiobaireaclid fuaimneach, do nualan a' plùobair', —
Sgeul 'ur gniomh' air mactalla ghlinn duinn Loch-nan-Gàrr.
Chaidli bliadlinachan seach, 'Loch-nan-Gàrr, o 'n a dh' fhàg mi;
Ni bliadhnachan tar as mu 'm faic mi thu ris;
Sgiol Nadur de d' chinneas 's de phiùraichean t'àill' thu,
Gidheadh 's tu a's fcàrr leam na còmhnaivd rdidh' mhìa'.
0 bhasuinn! do mhaise tha coitchinn, neo-giireadhnach
Do aon a thriall suas air na beanntaibh gu 'm barr;
0 nach robh mis' air sgòrr fhiadhaich nan aonach !
An gloir chais neo-aobhaich ghlinn duinn Loch-nan-Gàrr.
Ead. leNiallMacNèill.
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT.
AUGUST, 1872.
THE AFFINITY OP GAELIC TO LATIN
AND GREEK."-
The Highlanders have been very frequently
describedas unreasoningly reasonable in their
opinions of things ; — that is when you find
them in the right, the correctness of their
position depends, not on the result of dis-
cursive thought, so much as on some acci-
dental impulse. This, though their cooler
advisers do not altogether intend to mean it,
is very much akin to being intuitively in the
right, to gaining by a surt of intellectual
naturalness ends which the creeping but ad-
mittedly progressive intellect of the German
reaches by a toilsome effort of reason. De-
spite the sneering element accompanying it
as well as the sparingness with which the
possibility of any good coming out of Nazar-
eth is plainly acknowledged, we willingly
and thankfully accept the compliment, and
endeavour to show thereby in one word (our
space is small) one quality at least of no
contemptible species, admitted by the Ger-
man himself to be preeminently character-
istic of the Celtic mind. It is fairly admis.
sible that the haste in which the large majo-
rity of mankind live, move, and have their
being prevents them from ascertaining
scientifically the truth or hollowness of
many important opinions which they must
receive or reject in their actings of every-day
life. Take for instance the question of re-
ligion. Man in his first awakenings to his
position as such finds this an immensely
powerful element in the world, vitally affect
ing its health and destiny, — an element
with which in his human capacity as well
as in his relations to social life he is com-
pelled seriously to deal. He is a hard
working man of the world; and should he
be possessed, which not many are, of the
*The Philologic Uses of the Celtic Tongue
— An Auilre.NS (lelivere.i by W. D. Geudes, M.A.,
Professor of Greek, Univeisity of Aberdeen. To
the Univeritv Celtic Dehating Society. Abtr-
<leen: A. & K. Milne. 1872.
necessary will and ability to weigh and ex-
amine the arguments for and against certain
religious opinions or propositions, his busy
life will preclude him from attempting it to
any considerable extent. So he must adopt
agreatd alat second-hand; acquiescing in,
and receiving intuitively as true, the results
arrived at by a Calvin, a Butler, a Mansel,
a Mill, or a Mac Cosh, and even Revelation
itself.
Fortunate it is for the great mass of human-
ity that this power of intuition is anunfaihng
feature of the human mind, or many would
be left destitute of having anything to
nourish in their bosoms except the dreary
shade of sceptical thought, or the vacantness
of an untramed mind. It is this intuitive
capacity of rejecting or accepting what is
false or true in the world of opinion that
many of his unfriendly critics ascribe to the
Celt. And really most practical, bard-
working people will be disposed to acknow-
ledge that it is a noble, needful, and a most
divine element in the human mind; and
that the Celt has only some reason to feel
supremely satisfied that, in a higher degree
than others, he is in possession of an intellec-
tual quality which enables him, while hurri-
edly marching in the dust and roar of the field
of life's battle, to adopt as correct, without any
long process of speculation, doctrinal results
and propositions presented to him. This
line of remark leads us into the reason why
Germany is so characteristically rational
and infidel; in the case of many of her
intellectual great men the cold dreariness of
discursive speculation has well-nigh absorb-
ed the warmth and divine glow of the
original intuitions of the mind.
These digressive remarks are made on
account of the frequency with which the
Celt is complimented for his incapacity of
submission either to logic, facts, or reason.
The sneer owes its existence, not to the
Celt being actually unreasonable. — it is
admitted that he is reasonable, — but to the
manner in which he arrives at reason. But
58
THE GAEL.
Aug., 1872:
surely if a man is ultimately right, reason-
able, or correct in his ideals it is not at all
to his discredit that he ar ives at such a
healthy state of mind less laboriously than
his neighbours, whether he docs so impul-
sively or intuitively? At any rate we
must not linger longer on the subject at
present but refer at once to the excellent
pamphlet before us, anxious to assure Pro-
fessor Gcddes that we Gaelic Scholars are as
willing as our emotional natures will admit
to "submit to the logic of facts and listen to
the voice of science." If Celtic Scholars
felt impulsively compelled to insist "on the
lofty claim they used to advance of speaking
the primeval language," they must accord-
ing to an admission already made, have held
a somewhat reasonable position, and it is
doubtful whether they should even be
requested to "lower the plumes of their
pride" till their more scientific and discur-
sive neighbours disprove the reasonableness
of their position by presenting them with
fresh results which they can intuitively
discern to be correct! We will feel very
grateful indeed if our friends assist us in
acquiring a more rational system of arriv-
ing at reason; the advantage of becoming
more scientific and systematic is one
not to be slightly and thanklessly de- '
spised. To Professors Blackie and Geddes |
the gratitude of all true Celts is truly
intense ; and the intensity will increase
in proportion to the assistance afford-
ed us in learning a scientific mode of|
investigating the Philologic facts of our|
language. If the result of thorough invest- 1
igation will prove that the liquid and
guttural sounds of the Celtic never wafted
their musical murmurs on the breezes of
Eden, that it is only an unmusical dialect
of the defunct Anglo-Saxon, that the name
of Ossian himself was only manufactured
amidst the taleologic vagaries of the four-
teenth and fifteentii centuries of this Chris-
tian era, or that even our national existance
only dates from the day when colossal
Johnson trod our barbaric glens, — even
after all such prospective misfortunes are
realised, we are resolved that our Sasunnach
friends will find us psssessed of sanity
enough to save ourselves from hanging
The following paragrajihs as fresh,
scholarly, and interesting on Classic Pro-
nunciation and the ^^ sporadic phenomena"
of the Celtic from Prosessor Geddes's
Pamphlet we very gladly transfer to our
columns: —
"We hear much at present of a discussion
cairied on in England as to the mode of
pronouncing Latin, and we can catch the
low murmur of a confused battle going on
against the peculiar, solitary, not to say
fantastic, pronunciation of Latin that has,
prevailed so long there. Scotland, as you
know, had begmn to be corrupted in this
matter from English influence. The Court
of Session and the Academies of the South
were acquiring the mincing pronunciation
from the other side of the Borders, and I
was once looking forward to the time when
the tide of this English influence should
have submerged all the rest of Scotland,
and left us in Aberdeen maintaining in its
last retreat the old ore ri9<!mr?o national pro-
nunciation of Eomanos rerum dominos
ffentemque togatam. That felicity or infel-
icity, to which I was looking forward, of
'sitting alone among the ruins of Carthage,'
is not now likely to be realised. In England
itself a reaction has set in under the power-
ful influence of Munro, and will lead to
common sense and conformity on their part
to us, instead of our conformity to them.
Not that the Scottish pronunciation of Latin
is unimpeachable, but it is sound in many
pointswheretheEnglishis false, and I do not
know that the English mode is ever sound
where the Scottish happens to be false. It is
otherwise with the Celtic. It can be shown
to be sound where both are false. I instance
especially the important matter of the pro-
nunciation of the third letter of the alphabet
(c, as we wrongly call it), before e audi. AVhat
does the Celtic say? Is it in favour of
Kihero or Sisero pronunciation? Undoubt-
edly in favour of the hard, and on this analogy
alone we might fairly confront any difficulty
arising from the unwoutedness to the ear
of silicet, vicissim, and the other stumbling
blocks put in our way by the anti-Munro-
vians.
"The proof from Gaelic may be rested on
two grounds — First, the condition of the
loan-words, which came out of Latin into-
Celtic at the time when Latin was still a
living speech. I refer to such a word as-
the Celtic for priest (sagart), which I think,
there can be little doubt, found its way from
the language of the Church into Gaelic
before tiie downfall of the Western Empire.
It is the GaeUc edition of the Latin sacerdos,
Aug., 1872.
THE GAEL.
159
but the Gaels did not take it witli its
present pronunciation, but with the c
pronounced hard; whereas, if the Romans
pronounced the c then as an s, it would be
inexplicable how the Gaels transmuted an s
sound into a Jc or g.
"Other loan-words of Roman origin, now
'deeply embedded in Gaelic, but showing
•clearly how the c was sounded when they
were transferred, I take to be —
ccart (just, right, correct) Ì tells the pronun-
<eartas (justice) j elation of ceriws.
cill (a burial-ground, church, £'i7-bride, ^"«7-
patrick, &c ) tells the pronunciation of cella.
cearcall (hoop, circumference) tells the pro-
nunciation of circus, circulas.
'Ceard (artist, also tinker) tells the pronuncia-
tion of cerdo (handicraftsman).
ceir (wax) tells the pronunciation of cera.
Best of all, as undoubtedly a term of the
Roman Imperial time, when all the world
was taxed.
>cis (tax, tribute) tells the pronunciation of
census.
"Second argument is from words of a
much more hoary antiquity, and which the
Celtic has in common with the Aryan
jaces.
"The word for hundred, ceud, with Jc
sound, throws light on Latin centum; so
ceil (to hide) on Latin celo; cead (leave, per-
mission) on Latin cedo.
"Indeed, the Gaelic and Greek seem partial
to the sharp k sound; for instance, the
Greek Kluo and Gaelic cluas the (ear), a
root in which the Sanscrit has shown symp-
toms of weakness, passing klu over into
sru, and the Slavonic tongues into slu,
whence it comes that their national name
slava (glory) is the analogon of the Greek
Kleos and Gaelic cliu (fame). This second
class of words, namely the primitive, afford
an argument not so strong upon the par-
ticular point in question as the later or
loan-words, because it may be said that
there is no dispute as to the original value
of the Roman c, that it was like a k before e
and i, as well as before a, o, u. The only
doubt is as to whether, before the best
period of their literature was over, the
Romans did not soften it themselves. It is,
however, an answer in point to say that
those words that flowed into Gaelic before
the Roman Empire perished, or about the
period of its downfall, bear the mint of the
hard pronunciation, and therefore we are
entitled to conlude that that was the normal
pronunciation at the time. Thus the Gael
has retained in the fastnesses of the hills
forms of words that have come down, at
least, from the days of Galgacus.''
"I conclude with a gleaning of a few of
what may be called the sporadic phenomena
of Celtic, being chieHy concentrated in single
words or roots, many of them of great sug-
gestiveness, and throwing often a strange
weird light over the darkness of the past.
"How interesiing, for example, to know
that the leader under whom the Gauls
poured down upon Rome in 390 B.C. bore
among the Romans the name of Brennus,
and that this is still the word for " judge"
and "judgement," Breitheanas, proving
that the Gauls were under a social organisa-
tion, where the office of a King was not so
much to lead in war as to dispense judg-
ment and administer justice It is strange
to find the same name appearing also in the
leader of the irruption into Greece a century
later, down upon Delphi, a portion of which
band afterwards became the occupants of
Galatia, in the heart of Asia Minor.
"Again, in the early history of England
we meet with the name Vortigern or Verti.
gem, as the King who called in the Saxons
Can we doubt that we have in that word
simply Fear-Tighearn, "the man who is
Lord," which leads me to affirm that the
great chief of Latin poetry has, like Vorti-
gern, a Celtic name Virgiliusi
"He belonged to the region of Gallia
Cisalpina, and Zeuss says of the name,
'Nomen vix dubium gallicse originis.' It
might be be hazardous to say what the
■gilius signifies, but of the vir- there can be
no doubt, and the assurance is made all the
surer by the old form Fer-gilius, to which
the critics are now returning, which suits
admirably the singular of the Celtic, fear
(a man).
"Besides the chief of Latin poetry, Zeuss
hands over to the Celtic race tlie chiefs of
Latin History, and Science: — 'Addo, _et
Livius, et Plinius, nomina Gallica Italiae
superioris.' "
The Greek for man is aner and the noun
for manliness (besides enoree and andria)
is androtes. The a of the initial seems to
be euphonic, and not part of the root : for
the Sanscrit is without the a initial, nri,
plural naras, "men." So the old Sabine
speech, which, we are told, said Nero,
'fortis,' and Nerio, 'fortitudo.'
"What says the Gaelic? Is there any
160
THE GAEL.
Aug., 1872.
word for man that will identify with anhr'i
Not now, but there had been once, for the
word for manliness is neart, which is, there-
fore, an exact analo,'on in root and endin.L,'
of androtts, when this last has been stripped
of all accessories (a,d,-!s), and reduced to its
simplest form (11,0). Even the rit^'id Curtius,
who, to avoid the violation of certain pliil-
ologic principles, will not allow us to
identify the Greek thens with the Latin
deus, admits the equation; l^eart = a)idrotijs.
"Few thint^s in languaLje are more inter-
esting than to know that Gaelic holds fellow-
ship with Greek in its word for manliness,
.•tnd with Latin in its name for man; Fear
being similarly the equation of the Latin
Vir.
"In this high companionship I leave the
Celtic tongue, and commend it, therefore,
to your earnest study and investigation, on
scientific as well as on patriotic grounds."
very reasonable terms. The Govern-
ment grant it to Set tiers for a small sum,
and that sum can be paid during a
course of years, by improving the roads
to the Settlers' farms. The Highland
(jrAELic Emigration Society started
about thirty-three years ago, has now
no existence. It was the means of
bringing out a number of Highland
families at the time.
THE HIGHLANDERS OF NEW
BRUNSWICK.
We are indebted for the following
interesting information regarding the
Highlanders of New Brunswick to the
Rev. Thomas Nicolson, Riper Charles,
New Brunswick: — There are about 150
Highland families in this county, Resti-
gouche, chiefly from the Island of
Arran. They are generally in good
circumstances. The greatest number
of them came here from twenty-five to
thirty years ago. A few have come
occasionally since. There are about
fifty or sixty families of Highlanders
in Black River, Miramichi. There are
besides these some hundreds of Highland
families scattered up and down the pro-
vince. There is now no Gaelic preaclied
in New Brunswick, except one sermon
by the Rev. Mr. MacMaster at the
Communion Season. Some families of
Highlanders left for California a few
years ago. They have not bettered
their circumstances, and all regret that
they left. Highlanders generally do
well in this province. There is an
abundance of excelletit land unoccupied
in our country. It can be obtained on
THE HIGHLANDERS OF NORTH
CAROLINA.
To the Editor of "The Gael,"
Permit me to add a note of correct-
ion to the Rev. John C. Sinclair's very-
interesting account of the Highlanders
of North Carolina which appeared in
the .June number of "The Gael."
When writing the names of Ministers
who preached there iu tlie Gaelic Lan-
guage, he omitted to mention the Rev.
Dugald Crawford, from the Island of
Arran, who, I am informed, went twice
to North Carolina and remained there
several years and preached in the
Gaelic. Some of his Sermons were
printed there and some were printed in
Scotland; the first of his printed Ser-
mons that came to my hand were six
in number, printed uniform, the title
of the first reads, — Searmon a chaidh a
Uohhairt ag an Raft Swamp, (here
follows a date in Gaelic) Le D. Craw-
ford, Ministei\ FayetteriUe; printed
by Rowlston & Sibley or Sidley, 1791.
The second appearance from the press
is entitled Searmon do Mhnai, and
dated 1805, this Serujon was dedicated
to Mrs M'Calister of Cour in Kintyre;
and the third is a Farewell Sermon in
the English preached in the parish
church of Skipness, Ki ntyre, 1812. He
afterwards settled in his native Isle of
Arran and was appointed as parish
Minister of Kilraorey, where he con-
tinued till his death which happened
about the year 1841. He w^\s drowned
whilst getting out iu a small boat to
Aug., 1872.
THE GAEL.
161
reach the steam -boat intending to go
in the latter to Greenock.
I hope that the Rev. J. C. Sinclair
will again speak to his brethren
through your truly Highland News-
paper and permit me to suggest to him
that he should extend his enquiry
through the length and breadth of the
United States and try and trace out as
many as possible of our Gael who have
distinguished themsevles in various
professions and occupations of life, re-
membering that
'Lives of great men all remind us,
We can make our lives sublime,
And departing; leave behind us
Footprints on the sands of time.' "
NiALL Càiimbeui..
BALL GHLINN-TRUIM.
Le Dòmhnull Caimbeul, Mac Dhòmlinuill
Phail, Bard Chinn-a'-Ghiiibhsaich.
{Ann am B'-nrIa '.s an Gà.ilig.)
Air Fonn: — ''The Laird of Cockpen."
Yesterday evening, san fheasgar an raoir.
We marclifd away to Bail Ghlinn-truim,
We could na get lasses, cha rachadli iad leinn,
Andgoiny without them bii mhuladach sinn.
When we arrived, gvi'n d fhuair sinn ho-rel
They all enquired "nach tug thu leat te?"
" We're better without them'' gun fhreagair
mi fhein;
But never let on, nach f haighinn a li-aon.
And when we entered an rum 'san ro' 'n
danns', [Galld',
The lasses were dressed anns na fasanan
With tvhite muslin frocks agus cròtaibh
na 'u ceann — [eadh tu fann-
They would cheer up your heart ged a bhith
With gum-floivexs and ribbons gur h-iad a
bha briagh, — [riamh.
All tnmmed in the fashion nach fhaca mi
With hoops in their skirts, '& ann annta
bha 'n Had : [inn. mas f hiar.
They thought uach robh'n leilhid ri 'fhaigh-
When the dancing commenced, cha robh iad
cho gann, > [riut' a dlianns';
But you would get pleuty "reidheadli comhl'
The house was so crowded - bha 'n t-urlar
cho trang;
You never saw leitheid de rabble 'sa bh'ann !
The butler then ivent le toddy mu 'n cuairt;
•When they got the whisky '& ann aca 'bha 'm
fuaim ;
The lads were with lasses ri barganan criiaidh
And I luent to listen, an taice ri 'n cluas!
The wind ivas hard blowing 'nsabhal Ghlinn-
Truim ; [druim, —
The candles ivere dripping a mhan air ar
They painted our coats gun f harachdainn
dhuinn: —
ffive stayed at home, cha d'eirich sid dhuinn.
Lt was four o'clock — 'si mhaduinn a bh'ann
We started for home anns a' choach aig a'
Ghall, ['na ghleann
When lue reached Kingussie, gu 'n deach m[
Regretting the loss 'bhi gun chadal 'san àm^
NEWS OF THE HIGHLANDS AND
ISLANDS.
Sutherland — Large Estatj: Sale. — We
understand that Messrs Stewart, Rule, and
Burns, solicitors, Inverness, on Wednesday
purchased the extensive baronial estate of
Skibo, in Sutherlandshire, for E. C,. Suther-
land-Walker, Esq. of Aberarder, for the sum
of £130,000.
The Island of R assay. — This tight little
island, on the east of Skye, and close beside
it, is now in the market. By far the greater
part of it is bleak and rocky, but to the south
and west there are some fine pastures, arable
land, and plantations. The rental is about
£1500, and one man. a native of Sutherland,
pays about £1000 of that for having almost
the whole of the island as a sheep farm.
The most desirable things in the island are
the mansion-house, garden, tmd the sur-
rounding grounds. The house is a
commodious and most beautiful modem.
mansion, and the garden is a good one, and
famous for its fruit, especially gooseberries.
A hothouse, which cost £1500, is in the
garden, but is not kept properly. Close
beside the garden entrance is a stone slab,
which was dug out of an old Celtic ruin,
and which bears Celtic hieroglyphics and
figures which have defied nntiquarians to
make out what they . re There are good
roads through all the island; it is said the
improvements effected in the place by the
father of the late proprietor cost about
£15,000. Rabbits and other game are very
numerous. It is said that a good many
offers are given for the island, and that Lord
Middleton, the lessee of Sconcer shootings,
is among the number. It is Iso s id that,
the executors of Mr Rainy's will are not to
give the island to any one likely to be 'à.
162
THE GAEL.
Aug., 1872:
harsh landlord for fear of his turning out
the few people \eh.— Northern Ensign.
CoAi. IN THE North of Scotland —At
the last meeting of the South Midland
Institute of Mininer, Civil, and Mechanical
Ent^ineeers in Wolverhonipton. the Presi-
dent, Mr. E. Jones, Minin.t,' Enirinecr, .t^ave
the result of certain recent investigations
made by him with and for the Duke of
Sutherland on his North of Scotland estates.
In Sutherland, where he expected to find
granite, with scoria and other traces of ig-
neous action, he had found coal. He
believed the field would prove of great value,
that the carboniferous ironstone associated
with it would be found lying immediately
beneath the oolite, which was the formation
at the surface, and this would prove to be
of a larger area than any other known coal
field in Scotland. He had traced the coal
from the rivei Brora to the Frith of Dornoch,
and upwards along the edge of Sutherland
to Helmsdale. Sinkings would soon be
made, and the powerful machinery for con-
ducting the operations would be under his
direction. The work would have an impor-
tant bearing upon the question of the
existence of coalbetween London andDover.
The President showed fossil specimens of
the oolite formation that he had brought
from the quarry of which Dunrobin Castle
was built, and beneath which Mr Jones be-
lieves the coal is lying. Going on to speak
of the coal field of the immediate district,
he asserted, as the result of close observa-
tion extending over forty years, that the
coal of Shropshire is being rapidly worked
out.
Kingussie — Death of Mr. Macrae,
Banker. — The sudden andunexpeeted death
of Mr Donald Macrae, agent for the
Caledonian Bank at Kingussie, has taken us
by surprise here. It was only on Monday
that he felt unwell, but he was then still
able to attend his business. In the after-
noon he accompanied Sheriff Blair — who
was in Kingussie at a meeting of Police
Commissioners— to the railway station, and
appeared to be in pretty good health. He
attended at the Bank on Tuesday v.s usual,
but between Tuesday night and Wednesday
morning he had a shock of paralysis, whicli
ultimately proved fatal. From the moment
it was known thnt Mr Macrae was seriously
ill there was a constant flowof sympathizing
friends inquiring for him at the Bank, and
his untimely death has cast a gloom, not
only over the village of Kingussie, but over
the district of Badenoch. His funeral took
place on Tuesday, and was attended by
friends from all parts of Inverness-shire, and
from the counties of Ross, Sutherland,
Moray, Perth, and Edinburgh. The shops
in the village (and they are not a few) were
closed, and the shutters on the windows;
the bells of both churches were tolled, and
the children of both Free and Established
schools turned out on the occasion. De-
ceased was local Secretary for the Inverness,
Ross, and Nairn Club, in the Badenoch
district, and it was only the other day that
along with Sir George Macpherson-Grant,
he took part in presenting prizes to the-
successful competitors at the last examina-
tion. The Volunteers also have lost one
of their best friends, for he gave them many
valuable prizes, the last being ^£10 to be
equally divided between the first, second,
and third class shots, so that each class of
shotshad an equal chance of winning a prize.
Mr Macrae was a native of the district, and
intimately acquainted with its circumstances-
He not only carried on banking and law
business, but wiis one of the most enter-
prising farmers in the district. Mr Macrae
died at the early age of 55 years, and leaves
a widow and large family to mourn his loss.
June, 26, 1872.
Shipment of Peats from Islat. — There
is likely to be a dearth of fuel in the island
of Islay before the ensuing winter is over,.
as peats are being shipped in large quanti-
ties to meet the demand. A few days ago
there were 150 bags of peats sent to New-
Zealand from Port-Ellen, and this shipment
is not the first from the Island. It is under-
stood that there are to be large quantities
forwarded regularly from Islay to our
Australian possesions. — Scotsman.
A Highland Congregation in New-
Zealand. — Mr. William Macrae, who
emigrated from Strathpeffer to Auckland,
New Zealand, in October last, under the
auspices of the Colonial Committee of the
Free Church of Scotland, has, after having
Tuidergone the required examination of the
Presbytery of Auckland, been licensed as a
Minister of the Gospel, and appointed Minis-
ter to the Gaelic-speaking congregation of
Waipu, some eighty miles from Auckland
from whom he had received a unanimous
call, and who are almost wholly composed
of Highlanders from the shires of Suth-
erland and Ross, At a Meeting of
Aug., 1872.
THE GAEL.
163
! the Colonial Committee in June, Mr. Neil
MCallum probationer was also appointed
to the Colonial field and has selected Auck-
; land as the sphere of his labours ; other
I appointments to the same field are also
I expected to follow.
I Of the Inverness Royal Academy
j Examination, a correspondent in the Tn-
j Terness Cotirier of July 4, writes thus :
— ''Sir, — While all had much reason
to admire and approve of the appear-
ance made by both teachers and pujDÌls
during the examination days of this
excellent iu.stitution, may I ask why—
during the musical performances in the
Music Hall on Wednesday — our native
music was so entirely excluded ? Do
the Directors disapprove of its being
taught? It is hardly pos.sible that
Strathspeys, martial airs, or Jacobite
songs, will cease to have their special
charms in any part of Scotland, far less
in the metropolis of the Highlands.
And we think therefore that the Direc-
tors would do well to provide that this
class of music should be regularly and
properly taught in the Academy."
We heartily sympathize with this
correspondent's sugge.stions. It is
really to be deplored that in such a
place as Inverness our native music
would give place entirely to German
or any other far-fetched material.
And in such an Institution as the
Ro)^al Academy of Inverness, should
the teaching of the Gaelic Language
be neglected? While other quarters are
busily engaged in the study of Gaelic,
and matters of Highland interest in
general, should Inverness look on in
thq lukewarm manner in which she is
generally represented to do towards
matters affecting the thne-honovred
tongue of her oldest inhabitants'^: Should
there be a Gaelic Class formed in the
the Royal Academy of Inverness, would
it not be a grand stepping stone to the
Class in the University whenever the
Gaelic Professorship is founded.
INVERNESS GAELIC SOCIETY-
ASSEMBLY & CONCERT.
The re-union of this Society took place on
Thursday evening, in the Music Hall, In-
verness. The Chairman, Provost Mackenzie,
was supported by Professor Blackie; R.
Carruthers, LL.D.; Colonel Macpherson,
Cluny; Sheriff Macdonald, Iat«ofStorno\vay;
Bailie Simpson, Inverness; Alex. Dallas,
Esq., Town-Clerk, do.; Rev. Mr Macgregor,
Inverness; Rev. Mr Stewart, Nether-Loch-
aber; F. Macdonald, Esq., Druidag; Mr.
Camming Allanfearn, &c. The Pi-ovost
in opening the proceedings expressed regi-et
at the unavoidable absence of his nephew,
Sir Kenneth S. Mackenzie, of Gairloch, who
had agreed to preside. The first song of
the evening was commmenced and excel-
lently rendered bv Mr Macrae, '"Nighueag
a Chuil duinn," in the purest (Jaelic. This
was followed by one in good broad Scotch,
preserving the spirit and key note of the
proceedings, by being in praise of "The Stem
Scottish Hielands.'' The next item was the
well known reel of Tulloch — danced by four
practised "hands." This was followed by a
recitation in Gaelic by Mr Macdonald, the
Society's Bard, a well known adept in Gaelic
prose and verse. Aiter this appeal in the
vernacular, came a selection of Scotch airs
by Mr. C. S. Grant. The next speech was
delivered by the Rev Air Stewart, the talent-
ed Netlier-Lochaber correspondent of the
Inverness Courier. It is hardly necessary
for us to remark that M.i Stewart executed
his task in the same excellent style which
characterises his writings and that he sat
down amid volumes of applause. This was
followed by a Gaelic song from the Misses
Mackintosh and Mr. W. Mackay. After
an iutervar during which the audience par-
took of a service of fruit, Professor Blackie
rose amid cheers and said that if ever he
delivered an address with pleasure in spite
of displeasure, it was on the present occa-
sion. Being a mere south country Saxon —
an alien in blood and language, he cei tainlj
should not have been asked unless it were
known that he loved the Highlands, and the
Highland people loved him. And to him
the love and esteem of his fellow countrymen
were more than all the power of all the po-
liticians, andallthe gold of all the millionaires.
He would consider it a very high honour tr>
be associated with the Society in this resus-
citation of a grand national feeling that had
too long Iain dormant in this country. It
164
THE GAEL.
Aug., I87fe
was a very great mistake in past times to
neglect our Celtic nationality, and its lan-
guage, tiaditions, inusii", noetry. It could
never be right to undervalue themselves, to
trample upon their own traditions, to cast
odium upon theii- own mother, to neglect the
graves of thoir fai liers. But !iow they made
a public profession of something wrong done,
and an earnest beginning of a light thing to
be accomplished. They were all to blame,
Celts and Saxons alike, and he did not know
which was m )st to blame. Not one High-
lander in a bundled could read or spell his
own langu ige. Sli 1 he believed the Saxons
were more to blame than the Celts. The
latter lived in a reynote corner, and suffer-
ed wrongs of which he would not speak
particularly; while the Saxons were sitting
in the comloilable South, having the High-
landers to fight tlieir battles at Waterloo
and elsewhere, yet despising them, making
them the subjects of shallow jests, hughing
at them, just as an Englishman 1 lughs at a
Scotchman What a set they were, laugh-
at one another, instead of engaging in
scientific research, and seeking mutual
sympathy and philosophical appreciation!
Such men as Stewait, Armstrong, iMaclauch-
Ian, Mackenzie, and Skene, had made a study
of Celtic matters, but these were single
names. The neglect of thu Gaelic was a
loss intellec-tually, morally, and socially. It
belonged to the great family of tongues
commonly called the Aryan, and to know
Latin and Greik thoroughly they should
read Sanscrit or Gaelic — rio matter which.
If people had an interest in old stones, and
old bones, and old urns, surely they should
venerate the oldest languiige of the human
race, still a living langufif^e — one rich in
illustration, near to our living sympathies,
and of pi-actical interest and importance.
The Gaelic language had characteristic pe-
culiariti(;s most interesting in i-eference to
the organization of human speech, and not
found in Sancrit, or Latin, or Greek. Some
of those peculiarities opened up quite a new
trahi of thoui^ht altogether. It had also
.some fine sounds and it was a great help to
the knowledge of Latin, (4reok, Gorman,
and other languages. He had himself
traced 500 Greek roots to Gaelic. But some
of those clever fellows in the South, who
knew everything, aaked what was the use
of studying a language that had no litera-
ture? Now it there was n>it a single bo(dc
iu Gaelic he would study it, because it was
the way to the hearts of the people. Better
living men and women than all the printed
books in the world. Rut Gaelic had the^
best kind of Hterature — the kind of literature
that makes Scotland what it is — the litera-
ture of songs and poetry and national music.
This was of value, nf)t to enable every clever
fellow to talk ot all subjects and a few
others, but in bringing out all the noble sen-
timents of a people's heart, and in cherishing
llie nodlest memories; this was a literature,
that would do them more good than all they
could cram at the University of Kdinburgh
or under the Education Bill. The greatest
evil to them in the South was ihat their
national music was n')t made an indispens-
able j)artof the national education. Next
to the Bible he placed the national songa
for true, healthy tenching — fresh like the
breezy atmosphere, blooming like heather,
rushing like the mountain streams; and
making the blood beat in harmony with
them. Latin and Greek were all very well,
but a man should be what God made him,,
and his duties were with his own people.
Of course they must be fashionable— that is,
go to Italian operas in Edinburgh and
London, and force people to learn Latin
and Greek, which they forget soon enough
— but don't learn yom- own mother tongue,
which you suck in with your mother's milk.
People who went away in search of some-
thing grand, and dii not learn the wisdom
and philosophy of common things, would
be shallow fellows to the end of the chipter
though crammed fulhind fringed round with
learning. 'I'he Sa.xans could certainly not
be accused of loving the Celtic people too
much. They sung Jacobite songs, but that
was a matter of pure sentimentality ; and
many of them thought and said that the
Celts should be stamped out and extirpated.
Now, he did not think that the Saxons
should have spoken in that way if they had
known the langu-age of the Celts and their
good qualities. They came down to stare at
their mountains and glens, but tliey did not
love the Celts, and see that no man tin-ned
them out of their glens, He did say that
though there was adisease of over- population
in some par:8 of the Highlands, thai was no
reason why there should be extirpation in
any part of them. He spoke of no one
personally; but if the country had been de-
populated, one cause of that had been that
those who held the land did not speak the
language, and did not know the hearts of
Aug., 1872.
THE GAEL.
165
the people, did not care a'straw for the people,
but felt that they would have no poor-rates
when the devils were away. If such things
had been — and he had good reuson to sus-
pect that they had — he repeated that the
cause was this, that there was no sympathy
between the holders of the land and the peo-
ple who lived upon it; and there would
have been more of that sympathy if the
landowners had studied the language of a
people of whom they ought to have been
proud. Well, he had given very good reasons
why the Gaelic should be preserved, and he
was not bound to give an nnderstaniling-
wsth them. If they did not sympathise
with him and with the Gaelic people, then
he was very sorry for them, but thankful
also thas he was not cursed with the blindness
of their intellects or the hardness of their
hearts. (Cheers )
The Rev. Mr. M'Gregor of the West
Church, Inverness, delivered an Address in
Gaelic, which was frequently drowned amid
cheers and appliuse. After several son?s
&c., the national anthem was sung in Gaelic
and this very successful meeting separated
after almost four hours sitting.
We may compliment the members of the
Society for the e.xeellent manner in which
they have got up this meeting, and the un-
flagging zeal wliich characteiizes them since
they formed themselves into one of the most
enthusiastic of Higliland Societies.
PROFESSOR BLACKIE ON NATION-
ALITY.
On Saturdsy, 13lh July, Professor Blaokie
delivered a lecture on Nationality in the
Music Hall, Inverness, under the auspices of
The Gaelic SocitTir. Mr. Mackintosh of
Raip:more, M. P. occupied the chair, and was
accompanied to the platform by Provost
Mackenzie; Mr. Waterston, Banker; Dr. Car
ruthers; Bailie Mackmto'h; Mr. Davidson
Solicitor; Mr. Rose, Solicitor; and Mr
Mackenzie, Barnbill.
In speaking of the Highlands the Professor
-said he resumed the strain of his address on
Thursday evening, and denounced the extir
pation of peasantry from the glens. They
would drive awiiy the people and call it im-
provement. He had known those in the south
who would wish to see the whole Highlands
turned into one immense Tomnahuirich, the
Celts buried beneath it, and Saxon Palaces
piled on the top. 'i'his would be a very mag-
nificent, a very selfish, a very despotic, and a
very Russian way ofgaverning free men and
improving a country. There was a danger
in losing that magnificent fellow the High-
lander. Could any of the clulis of London
turn out such an animal? He wanted as
many Highlanders in the Highlands as could
be comfortably maintained there. He said
there should be no extirpation— except in the
way of weeding the turnips; weed but don't
exterminate. In this matter proprietors and
people had both duties to perform. The
duties of a proprietor in the Highlands were
quite plain. The wealth of a country did not
consist in the number or guineas which found
their way with the least amount of trouble
into the landlord's pocket, but in the number
of well-conditioned people whom, by his
superior position in society, he was enabled
to cherish, to protect, and to elevate. The
landed proprietor was the Bishop of the dis-
trict in secular matters; and if he thought bis
only business was to get his rents paid, to
spend them where he would, to do what he
would with his own, then he did not know his
duties, and he was a selfish lellow. Observe,
he was not speaking; against proprietors, but
supposing there was such a one in the lot
then these terms applied to him. A landlord,'
he would suppose, got £IOU(J from one big
farmer, and there no poor rates and no trouble
about it, and he went and spent that in Lon-
don at the opera, or in worse places; or spent
it in Paris, where it was a gain t o Franee; or
in Rome, where it was a guiu to the Pope and
a loss to us. Would it not be better if the
same landlord got £8U0 or £600 from a
number of tenants and spent it among them,
than going away with his £IU()U and doing
with it what he liked? Yes, he might do
what he liked according to the letter of the
law. The law could not be always with him;
common sense could not be always with him;
but the very constitution of society, and the
eternal laws of society, commanded that he
should attend to the place where God had
placed him, and do his duty there. He
(Professor Blackie) was neither a Tory nor a
democnit, only a thinker, a student, and, in
a small way if they pleased, a philosopher.
That gave "hiiu a "certain advantage. His
business was to find out truth, to speak truth
and justice; and except to do that he would
not be there that night. But wdiile he was
not a democrat, he would bring in a very
democratic kind of measure; he would impose
an absentee tax, rewarding those proprietors
who stay at home, and making the fellows
who go "abroad pay all the poor rates. Of
course lie did not object to young ladies going
up to London to get husbands — or the Duke
of Argyll and others going, who had business
to discharge; what he did object to was the
practice of going and squandering money in-
166
THE GAEL.
Aug., 1872
the dissipation of London and Paris. For To "Finlagan," — We have receired your
himself he was not a jiroprietor. No doubt j contribution too late for the present number
he was a fcuar, but it was only an acre. He of The Gael, but shall appear in our next.
■was one of the public; and he considered the
public had a duty — not to run after what was
lbrei.;n, but to cherish self-esteem, to cultirate
Jocarindependence, to make the most of what
■we have here. Far fowls had fair feathers —
to fools. Let them i)reserve and guard their
right to he themselves. When an Englishman
came to Scotland he expected to find a Scotch-
man— not a second edition of himself, an
edition not enlarged and improved, but dim-
inished, dwarfed, and degraded. When
he came to Inverness he expected to find a
Highlander,and he found him there — (shaking
hands with the Provost, amidst loud laugJiter j careful of your penmanship, and enaeavour
and cheers). Let them learn a lesson from to have more substance, less words to express
the wisdom of unreasoning animals, which I your ideas (if you have any), and by all means
were always right becaRse they -n ere always [ less of that extraneous rubbish which has
To S. F.— We have received your letter,
and beg to thank you for the interest you take
in The Gael. Your suggestions shall be
carefully considered.
To "Caberfeidh"' Glen-Urquhart — Your
letter and contribution are two literary curi-
osities. What do you mean by i)l;icing a
lecture on bad behaviour iu the middle of a
pajier on "Astronomical observatiousr'' We
don't know. Neither can we understand what
have occasional references to the Darwinian
Theory to do with the subject which you
write upon. When you write again be more
in the hand of God. What, animals did un-
consciously, let intelligent beings do con-
sciously. Therefore, let the eagle glory in his
wings, let the fish glory in his fins, let the
hound glory in his swiftness, let the young
man glory in his strength, let the Celt glory
in being a Celt, and the Scotchman in being
a Scot. (Loud cheers.)
ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS.
J. C. C. — VVe have referred your enquiry as
to the origin of the name Carmichael, to a
member of the Clan, well versed in such
matters and received the following: —
Carmichael, in Gaelic Càr-Mhìcheil, a
Celtic name of Devotion, signifying the
"Friend of Michael," the Archangel, is of
great antiquity in Scotland, and was adopted
originally from a Barony called Caiimichael,
in Lanarkshire. One John Carmichael,
■who commanded the Auxiliaries at the Battle
of Eaugc in Anjou, France, in the year 14-22,
attained the highest martial renown, by dis-
mounting the Duke of Clarence, which
exploit decided the fate of the day in favour
of the French and Scottish armies. In memory
of this achievement, John Carmichael,
having broken his lance in the encounter,
obtained the addition to his family arms of a
hand holdinu; a broken spear vihich continues
the crest to the present day. The family is
of Argyleshire and Lanarkshire, but many of
them have for some considerable time resided
in England. The Argyleshire, sept ranked
under the banner of the "gallant, devoted,
old Stel'RTs of Appin,"' and of them acted as
ensign, or standard I)earer at Culloden. The
crest is a culiit arm, erect, in armour, holding
in the hand a broken tilting lance, the point
falling.
Motto (Gaelic), "Daonnan Deas."— (English), "Aye
ready,"— (French), " Toujours Prest "
swallowed up your "Astronomical observa-
tions.''
INVERNESS SHEEP AND W^OOL FAIR.
July 13.
The Great annual market for the sale of the
staple products of the Highlands, sheep and
wool, took place at Inverness last week, com-
mencing on Friday, and closing on Saturday
night. The attendance was larger than has
been witnessed for many year.s; as owing to
the facilities afforded by "the railways there
were purchasers from all parts of England
that were never here before. The weather,
also, was generally favourable. Sheep of all
classes were in great demand, and sold at
higher prices, on the whole, than in any previ-
ious year, unless, perhaps at the unprecedented
market of 18G6. We give a few o? the tran-
sactions:—
CHEVIOTS.
Attadale top wedder lambs, sold to Mr.
Fraser, Loch-carron, at L18 lOs; shots> LIO
10s.
Achinduich east ewes L35.
Ardross half-bred lambs. 30s.
Glen Urquhart, Cromarty, half bred lambs,
34s without shoting.
Inveran Cheviot wedder lambs, L20; cast
ewes L32.
Invergordon Mains, three parts bred lambs.
32s.
BLACKFACED.
Achnanault three year-old weddcrs, L42.
Attadale lambs, L14.
HALF-BREDS AND CROSSES.
Mr Fraser, Aittendow Dava, sold 700 grey-
fiiced lambs at 21s.
Mr Trotter bought the Rosehaugh half-bred
lambs at 3os each; and sold Mr Fraser,
Clunes, blackfaced lambs at 15s.
I Leabh.]
DARA MIOS AN FHOGHARAIDH, 1872.
[7 AiR.
CALLUM A'GHLINNE— URSGEUL
GAIDHEALACH.
Eaerann I.
Ann an coilltean fàsail, agus ann an
uruighean uaigneach air feadli nan
gleann agus nam fireach, aun an lar-
eileanan na Gàidhealtaclid, tha ioma
lus agiis blàtli àillidh o bliliadbna gu
bliadhna a' fàs gu h-ìirail fallain, ds
eugais cùram, no saothair, no Pgil a'
gharadair ; ach gu blii 'seargadh 's a'
bàsachadh fo anail fhuar reota a'
gheamhraidh, air dboibh an cùrsa
beatha a ruìtb, gun a bhi air am faicinn,
no an aiUidheachd no an cubhraidh-
eaclid a bbi air am mealtuinn le neacb
air bith. Mar sin, b' iomadh iad do
luchd aiteachaidh na Gàidliealtachd
air nach cualas riamli a bbeag de
iomradh o am breth gu am bas, a
bhiodb iomraiteacli a thaobh na buaidh
a bhiodh aig an cliii modhanail air
an lucbd duthcha, na 'n robh an
subbailcean agus an comasan intinn air
an cur ann an suidheachadh follaiseach
aithnicbte fan combair. — B' anndhiu
Bud Galium a' Gblinne ; agus ann an
dòchas gum feudadb e bbi araon tait-
neacb agus buanacbdor do lucbd leugb-
aidh A' Ghàidbeil, tba sinn a ranacbadb
roinn de eachdraidb a bheatha ann an
rian ùrsgeulacli a tbaisbeanadb o mbios
gu mios.
Rugadh Galium a' Gblinne o chionn
còrr _ agus leth-cbeud bliadbna, aig
inbliir aon de na b-abbnaicbean lubacb,
caisleacb, leumnacb, gorm-gbrinnealacb
a chitbear air feadh na Gàidhealtachd,
a deotbal gu tràigh uisgeacban nan allt
'snan tobraicbean a tba siòr shruthadb
leis na leathadan o cbàthar nam blar
agus 0 cbreagan aosda nam beann.
Bba a pbarantaibb le cbeile measail
'n an iubbe fèin ; a tbaobb an crann-
cliur saogbalta, cha robb iad aon cbuid
bocbd no saoibbir; bba gabbaltas
cuimseach combfburtacbail aca ann
'sa'gbleaun — barr 'us crodli 'us caoirich.
Bba iad iomraiteacli a thaobb am fial-
uidheacbd, bba an dorus fosgailte, agus
am bòrd lucbdaicbte o mbocli gu
anir.och de cboigricb 's de lucbd turuis,
ciod air bitli airde an tigeadh iad.
Bba iad adbartacb, deanadach, cùram-
acb 'n an gairm ; simplidb, iriosal 'n an
caitbe-beatha, 'n an eideadb, 'n an eir-
eacbdas agus'n an cleacbdaidhean. Bba
an gabbaltas daor-mbàlacb gu leòir.
Cba robb crodb 'us caoiricb 'us cloimh
acb ro-iosal ann am pris an coimeas ris
mar tba iad ann 's na laitbibb so ; aig
ceann gacb letb-bbliadbna 'nuair a
pbaigbte am màl, cba bhiodb acli glè
bbeag airgid ma seacli gu bbi solar
gacb goircas agus comfburtacbd a bha
feumail do'n teagblacb; acb ma bha
an t-airgiod gann bba an cosdas da
reir; rachadh punnd Sasunnach aig an
am ud ni b'fhaide na thi^id deich dhiu
air an la diugh aun an solar uireasbh-
uidbean coitcbionn theagblaichean.
Bha ach beag an t-iomlan d' an teachd-
an-tir a' fas as an fbonn. Cha an eideadh
cuim agus leapa air an deanauih aig a
bhaile air gle bbeag de chosdas ach
saothair nan lamh. Ann 's na laithibh
ud, bba gacb fear tighe agus bean
thigbe ann an seadh agus ann an
tomhas àraidh 'n an luchd ceaird ; an
àite bhi 'reic seiche a' mhairt-gheamh-
raidh ri " Marsanta nan craicionn" —
is ann a .bhiodb i air a polladh, air a
malcadh, air a h-aoladb, air a cairteadh
168
AN GAIDHEAL.
Dara Mi.
, Fhogliarnidh,lSr2.
agus air a gi<illacbd airsou leatliar
bhr^g, fad air thoiseacb aim an cnias
agus auu am buaaas air an leathar
(jhallda a gheibhcar an diuglx ann am
buthaibh nam marsantan agus nan
greusaichean. Bha na brògan air an
deanamh aig a bbaile, air an deagli-
cbumadh a's air am fuaiglieal gu dain-
geau dionacb le iallaibb, gnu cbaiub
gun rosaid. Bba gacb sratliair 'us
sumag, le 'n gaid ucbdaicb, tbarraicb
agus èislicb, gacb sugan agus crann-
bbraid, gacb cliabb a's coran sacaicli,
•cranu-treabbaidb us cliatli-cbliathaidb,
gacli amal a's grcalag, gacb teagbair a's
taod a's buaracb, agus acb beag gacli
ball-acfbuinn agus ni bba feumail a
stigb 'sa muigli, air an deanamb A fas
an f bearainu gun sgilliun airgid a cbur
nan ciric Ma bba na fir mar sud
teòm-làmbacb adliartacb, cba robb idir
na mnatban agus na maigbdeanan air
deireadb 'n an deanadas fdin. Gbeibbte
iadsan gacb feasgar fada geambraidb
air an cleacbdadb ri cireadb, ri tlamadb,
ri ckrdadb, ri sniomb, ri toinneamb 'sri
tacbras snatb cloimbe agus lin airson
nan clòtban, nan currainean, nam
breacan, nam plaideachan, nan stutb-
an, nan drògaidean agus an lion-anairt
dbetli an robb acb beag an t-iomlan
d' an deiseacban seacbduin agus sabaid
air an deanamb suas, gun sgilHiin a
cbur nan eiric acb duais an fbigbeadair
agus an tailleir. B'ainmig a cliite san
am ud air feill no an clacban, deisc de
aodacb tana lorn Gallda air fear no air
mnaoi, air òganacb no air maigbdinn,
agus ma bba iad mar sud simplidb
na 'n èireacbdas, bba iad direacbdail
'n an sinplidbeacbd ; oir b'e fasau an
latba, eireaclidas air bbeag riombaidb ;
cha b'e riombadb luideagacb riobagacli
air l)beag eircacbdais. Ann 's gacb
buaidb agus deagb blieus a blia dean-
amb suas cliu neo-mbearacbdacb nam
" ban f^ubbailceacb," cba robb matbair
Cballum a' Gblinne bonn air deireadb
air a combaoisean agus air a comb-
inbbig>l^, a-nns an diitbaicb. On latba
cbuireadb "ceudbbreid na muà posda"
air a ceann, dbearbb i anu 's gacb
daimb agus suidbeacbadb, "gun robb
a luacb gu mor os cionn clacban
nasal." "Cboisinn agusgbleidb i earbsa
cridlie a fir, agus riamb o na db'aonadh
ri cbeile iad, cba robb feum aige air
creicb." "Dliiarr i olann agus lion,
agus db' oibricb i gu toileacb le a
làmban. Bba i ann an ioma seadb mar
longaibb nanceannaicbean, abbeireadb
am biadb o tbir cbein. — Db'eireadb i
'nuair a bi an oidbcbe bliiodb fbatbast
ann, agus bbcireadb i Ion d'a teagblacb
agus cuibbrionn d'a maigdeauaibli.
Bba a leasraidb an combnuidb crios-
laicbte le neart modbanail. — Bba i
motbacliail gun robb a ceannacbd
maitli, cba vacbadb a coinneal ds san
oidbcbe. — Ciiuireadb i a lamban air an
dealgaii, 'sgbabbadbglacan alainbgreiin
don cbuigeil. — Bba a glac an comb-
nuidb fosgailte don truagban; agus a
làmbp.n sìnte don fbeumacb, — Cba
bbiodb eagnl oirre roimb an t-sneacbd,
airson a teagblaicb, oir bba iad uile'
còralulaicbte le saotbair a lamb. — Db'
aitbnicbte a fear ann 's na geataibb,
'nuair a sbuidbeadh e maille ri sean-
airibb na tire. Db' fbosgladb i a beul
le gliocas, agus bba bigb a cbaoimbneis
air a teanga. Bba i curamacb mu
sbligbibb a teagblaicb, agus cba d' itli
i riamb aran an diombanais." Os cionn
gacb buaidb a^us deagb bbcus eile trc
an robb i aitlinicbtc mar mbnaoi agus
mar mbatbair — bba "eagal an Tigb-
earna oirre." Bba a Companacb mar
an ceudna na fbear aideacbaidb air an
diadbacbd; cha robb mor fhogblum
aca; acli a rdir tombas an (.'òlais, bba
iad Ic cbeile a'gluasad ann an aitbntibb
agus ann an ordiiigbean an Tigbearna
gu neo-locbdacb — cba robb an aideacb-
adh air an diadbacbd aon cbuid
gleadliracb no àrd-fbuaixucacb; bba
iadilriniicacb.onoracb, agus creidcasach
nan clici agus nan giulan anu am
fianuis an t-saogbail. Bbaaitefein aig
a' Bhiobul ana san teagbliich; cba r.obK^
Dara Mios an Fho^hardJb, 1S72.
AN GAIDHEAL.
169
mòran de leabliraiclieaii eile aca a bharr
air, acli am beagan a bh'anii, bha iad
de'n t-seorsaa b'fliearr; agus ach beag
an t-iomlan dhiu amis a' Ghàilig — mar
bha, "Staid ceitliir fillte an duine"
le Boston; " Tus agus fas diadliacbd
san anam ;" le Doddridge; '' Gairm do
pheacaich," &c., le Allelne; " Tiirus a
Chriosduidh," " Leabhar aidmheil a
chreidimh," "Leabhar farsuing agus
aithghearr nan ceisdcan," agus leabhar
no dha de oibribh nan seaun bhard
Gaidhealach. Ma bha bardachd Oisein
ann an clo àig an am ud, cha robh i
aithnichte am measg nan Gàidheal anns
'an uidheam sin ; ach cha b' ainn-
eamh iad aig an robh raoran de dhain
na Feinne air an cuimhne, airus bha e
Bhiobul, mar a chuala sinn boireannach
diadhaidh aon uair ag radh, " Nach
tugadh i mòran air aideachadh neacli
air bith a chite a leughadh paipear
naigheachd ;" — ach cha bi sud beachd
pharantan Challuim a'Ghlinne; bu trie
a dheisd e aig glim 'athar ris an dealbh-
tharruing choiinhlionta a rinn Donncha
ban air aillidheachd eugsauihuil
Naduir ann. an òrain "Beinn Dòbh-
rain" agus " Choire cheathaich;" ni
mo a dhi-chuimhnich e re a bheàtha na
gUiasdau intinn gradh-dhuthchail a
bheir an dusgadh na bhroilleach lean-
abaidh le bin ag èisdeachd ri orain nam
bard anns ,ia robh euchdan agus gaisge
nam Fineachan Gaidhealach 's anluchd
leanmhuiuu ann au aobhar an duthcha
na chleachdadh cumanta mar chaith- i air an seinn 's na feasgair ri tacbh na
eamh-aimsir taitneach air na feasgair cagailt, 'nuair a bhiodh " siird air
gheamhraidh a bhi 'g an seinn air fuinn sniomh nan cloimhean." Ni mo a dhi-
bhiun thiamhaidh tre an robh iad gu chuimhnich e tosdachd naomh na Sab-
furasda agus gu riochdail, air an clobh- aid, no an cleachdadh ionmholta anns
ualadh air a' clmimhne, agus mar sin,
cha 'n eil teagamh nach robh iad air
an giulau a nios o ghinealach gu
ginealach o cliionn linntibh, ciod air
bith bu toiseach a's bu mhàth-
air-aobhair dhoibh anns na laithibh
a dh' fhalbh. 'Am measg nan seann
Ghaidheal do nach b' aithne sgriobhadh
no leughadh, bha an comasan cuimhne
anabarrach graraail, diònach, agus bha
feum orra — oir bha an t-iomlan deth an
eòlas air nithibh aimsireil agus spior-
adail gu buileach an crochadh rithe.
Cha ni furasda e do ard-sgoileirean
agus do fheallsanaich mhor-chuiseach
an latha so, do nach comasach ach gle
bheag eòlais a chomhphairteachadh ri
muinntir eile gun leabhar no paipear
fo 'n sroin, a chreidsinn gun robh bard-
achd Oisein ann am bitli gus an
deachaidh a toirt air lorn le Seumas
Mac-Mhuirich.
Faodaidh e bhi gum bheil iad ann a
tha de 'n bharail uacli bu choir aite no
cairtealan a bhi aig dain Oisein no aig
obair nam bard aim an teaghlach air
bith anns an robh aite fdiu aig a'
an robh gach feasgar dhiu air an
caicheamh. llinn leughadh nan Sgriob-
turan, agus an ceasnacliodh teaghlaich
0 leabhar aithghearr nan Ceisdean
deargadh agus driighadh air intinn ann [
an laithean aleanabuidheachd a thug a
mach deagh thoradh an dèigh moran '
laithean.
Faodaidh ar luchd leughaidh a bhi
saoilsinn gun deachaidh sinn 'san dol a '
mach, tuillidh is fada a's ar gabhail, i
ann a bhi cur fo'n comhair na h-uiread '
do chliu agus do blieatha-teaghlaich
parantan Challum a' Ghlinne, acli mu'n
ruig sinn deireadh ar sgeoil, chithear'i
ciod a bhuaidh thearnaidh agus mhis-
neachaidh a bha aig eiseimpleir agus .'
teagasg na fxrdoich 'san d' rugadh e
air a bheatha, an ddigh dha tir a dhuth- ■
chais fhàgail, agus aghaidh a cliur na
aonar ri saoghal faar,feineil, coimheach, i
carach, cealgach, mar a fhuair esan e, .
Ian de mhealladh, de bhuaireadh, de ;
chunnartan, de eigincan agus de,
chruaidh-chas.
(Ri 'leantuinn.)
MUILEACII.
AN GAIDHEAL.
D.ir,i SHcsan Fhogharaidh, 1872,
)ISEIX:— A LIXX AG US A
BHARDACllD.
(Air leantuinn.)
a deig-li na li-uiread a radii a dhion
'us ainm 'ns aiinsir Oisein, faicea-
l cuid de na uitboan bòidheacli a tha
111 sgeòil nam bliadhnacbau a threig,
aharraibli an s^oithe dorclia. Is
blio nàdnr fein a tha am Bard a tarr-
ua samlilaidhean leis am blieil a
daclid CO oomharrak'hto. Ged tha
itar ioBann anns am bhcil am bard
,an àirde a smnaintcan a' triall, tha e
, uair a' nochdadh caochladh cruth
. >òidhchead ann an grian, an gealach,
■ eult, an aonach, 's an srntban thart-
. h. Tha e fior gum bheil tannais a
i isearan guminica'toirtcòmhnadh'us
, each do sharghaisgeach Sheallama,
; gur ann am feadh tha anam air a
^ idh le cliù 'ns cuimhue nan sonn
Q bu nos sealltuinn a nuas o 'n tall-
. fein, an com 's an oir nan niall, is
iche sgiamh a' bhàird, agus a 's
, ) 'n gniorah tha inntinn aoibhneach,
\ibhach a deanamh. Ann an " Cath
tha Oisein a' Idbhairt mar so:
• luit an oidhchc neulach,
torrai^ spcur air chuanlaibh,
^ s gu duaidini an doalan,
na taihhbc san adhar ri nuallan,
■ cirbibh an tnisgain dàtlita,
!a iad a* leum ghios na doimhne,
ica mara ri sgreadaii,
tonna g'am freagairt o'n ailbhcinn,
..ual' a' ghealacb 'na teacli neulach
.ch bene oillteil thug an cuan as,
: i' f hill i 'ceann an (•co na Lanna,
; na rcultan am falacli mu'n cuairt di,
_ r cbritb ri bhrislo nan neul,
' .ithear an eudaun air uairibb."
;.ha anam a' bliàird ancs na rannan
./ taomadh a raaoh sjunhlaidhean
j^h air toirni 'us stri nan dùilean.
'n sealladh uaui!!asach,agu9Ìs e fair-
duian oillteil a tha na niUiean a tha
. 1 leantuiiin a cheilo ann an cais-
!hd Oi^oiii a' fadndh suas. Tha
;,aclias 'us imcheist auns an oidh-
an cuan Citidh air a luaegadh le
tartar àrd-fhuaimneaeh an toi'rninn; tha
ciar thalla nan taibhse air a charuchadh;
a' ghealacb, a'clninntinn fuaim 'lis farnm
'us bene an lear, a' folach a gnnis ann
an cct) na Lanna ; agus na reultan ag
iarruidh fasgaidh bho sgiathaibh loch-
rain na h oidhcbe. Is uamhasach, is
foghainteach, is treuufhoelacli an samh-
ladli so.
A rithist ann an Sgeulachd air Tratli-
nil nam buadh 's air Colgnil nan tual
bheart, tha Oisein ag ràdh :
Cbaidb Tratbuil a sios na cide'.
Mar sgarnaicb o mbullach slcibbc,
Mar bhuinne sbrutb fuaimneacb, oillteil,
No mar tbeinc 'ni fait nan coilltcan,
Blia Colguil 'se fcin mar dba sbrutb aonaicb,
Cbluiiinte air gacb taoba am beuc:iicb:
B' iiirde fuaim am faobhar geala
Na toirm mbic-tballa 's croinn gan gearradb,
Bba Tratbuil mar ncart na gaoitbe,
Leaffas "iutbas mborbheinn aobbacli,
'S bba Colguil mar luas nan stcud-sbruth,
Bbios le cuuann sbliabb a leumnaicb,"
Cha Colguil le 'fheachd tbar stuadhan
a' chuain a chum 's gum faigheadh e le
foill dioghaltas air Tratbuil. Chuir
Colguil fealltach aon de dliaoine le
naigheachd ,mealltach a dh' ionnsuidh
Righ nanLanii ; ag ràdh ris " Tiubhraich
dhomh aon do 'd dba shleagh, 's thoir
fein ma seadb dhomh do chorahnadh.'*
Dh' imich Tratbuil caoin nan iomadh
bens maille ris an teachdaire gus an
traigh, agus tha e air a chuartachadh
Ic lainn 'us sleaghan Cholguil 'us a
thrcun fhir. Tha righ na Feinno leis
fein; ach cha 'n 'oil e meatachadh. Tha
'neart a' fas mar uisge an inbhir, mar
chuantan a ta air steideadb. Tha anam
ag eiridh na aonar. Tha sliMas mar
thannais na h-oidhche dearg bholtrach
air neul nan aonach. Tha uamhunn
paisgte anns na briathraibh fein leis am
bhcil Oisein ag innseadh cia mar 'chaidh
Tratbuil mor 'us Colguil fealltach an
coinnearah a cheile. Bu nco-ghealtach,
treun, beartach anam a' bhììird a labh-
radh m:ir so.
Bumhòrmeamnadh'us cruadal Chleas-
amgir an uair, aun an talla Bhaile-
JìafSk HìùB an FhogharaiJh, 187
AN GAIDHEAL.
chluthai, a tlia e leis feiii, agus eascaird-
ean lionmhor ag iadhadh run thimchioll,
's iad uile an toir air Maona, nighean
Rurmar, oigli uam buadh, a broilleach
A clilaidlieamh glan gorm na laimh, <i
Mac an Luinn, bu cliiar-dliubh gruaiih, jj
Ghluais solus na cruaidhe ro 'n talbhs', >1
Fuathas dona bhais fo ghruaira.
o > ;i ^„„1 ! 'J-'l^uit esiin gun chruth 's e thall
buu rem ! a- „„^;ti, ,,„„ ,i„i.i. „^ „,„_
mar chobhar nan stuadh, a ^un icm.- -n i n i ■ -j
,,. -i-T -11111 , Air gaoith nan dubh charn; mar smiud
Sholuis an t-sloigh, a ciabh dua^li mar Bhrise.s òg, 's bioran na laimh,
am fitheacb; b' kdlidb i 'na 'ciabh 's na : Mu theallach na spairn 's na muig.
guè. Tha naimhdean na Feinne a ' Scread fuathas Chruth Loduinn ' t a'
faoighneachd gu sgeigeil:
"C'ait am bheil àrd Chumhal nan lann,
Fear-astair nan glcann gun raon?
Bheil Cumhal 'us gaisgich 's an àai ;
Thusa ladorna, dan 'us faoin?"
So freagradh Chleasamoir;
"Tha m'anani, thuirt mise, a thriath,
A' lasadh gu thrian leis fein ;
Gun eagal tha Clcasamor fo 'sgiath,
Measg mhiltean, ge ciar na trein,
'S mòr t-f hocal, mhic coigrich nan lann,
Agus mise 's an am am aonar,
Tha mo chlaidheamh crith-nihosgladh gu
'cheann ;
Grad a b' àiU leis mo làmh ag aomadh
Gun fhocal eile air Cumlial nan ceud,
Mhic Chlutha o na threijj an sruth."
Nacb dileas a tha Oiseiii a nochdadh
cia mar ghluais an gaisgeach sgairteil
mor, e fein 's e na aonar,
G a thional anu fein 's a' ghaoith,
Chual' lapis nan tore an fhuaim,
Ghaisg astar nan stuadh le fiamh;
Dh' eirich gaisgich mhic Chumhail nam
buadh ;
Blia sleagh 's gach laimh shuas 's&n t-slis
" C' àite bheil e?" 's am fearg fo ghruain
Gach maile ri fuaim m' a thriath.
Cha 'u 'eil na dealbhaidhean aon ch
faun no tearc a tha Oiseiu a toirt &each
air cia co cumhachdach 's a tha bbria
ran am feadh a tha e ag aithris cath
spairn 'us còmhrag nan laocb, ach
e ag eiridb gu fada eadbon os a chi
fein, ann am mòralacbd, ann an dana
agus ann an snasraborachd, an uai
tha e 'seinn ann an rannan siubhk'H
combraig rigli na Feinne agus Cr;
Loduinn nan gorm lann, eagal 'us te
Cha robb e ! niunn Lochlainueach araon am blàr 'i
comasacb dba eisdeaebd ri sgeig no ' sitb. Cha do mbeataich cridhe 's
tamailt airCumhail nan lann; agus dalma
ann an àrdan uaibhreacb aiiaim^ chuir
e cath as leth na Feinne.
Ann an Carraig-Tbnra, tha Oisein ag
innseadb cia mar "thug Fionnghal nam
feart buaidh air cruth Loduinn.
A' ghealach dearg 'us mall "s an car;
Thàinig osnadh 'nuas o'n charn,
Air a sgiathaibh bha samhladh fir,
Cruth Loduinn "s an lear gun tuar,
" Teicli gu d' tlùr,'' fhrea;^'air an cruth.
" Teich air a' ghaoith dhuibli: bi falbh!
Tha d osag 'an crodhan mo laimhe ;
'S leam astar 'us spairn nan stoirm;
'S e righ nan Sorucli' mo mhac Kin;
Tha aomadh 's a bheinn dha ra' thucir.
Tha a charraid aig carraig nan ceud,
'Us coisnidh gun bheud a' bhuaidh.
Teich gu d' thir fein, a mhic Chiunhail,
No fairich gu dubhach m' fhearg."
Thog e gu h-àrd a shleagh dhorch ;
Dh' aom e gu borb a cheann àrd,
Ghabh Fionnghal na aghaidh le colg,
d' fbannaich gaisge Fbionnghail. "
e mòrail, mìleanta, mar bu nos, ead!
an agbaidb crutb Loduinn. Cha 'r
sgath no geilt ag eiridb na ai.
ann an gleachd ri Taibhse buadhm: ■'
nan Locldainneach. Tha anam an i!
mar charraig 'sa' cbatb. Thug e bua;
Is dealbbach àrd a' cbainnt a chlea:
Oisein, ann an ioraradh a dbeanamhi '
a chomhstri uamhasach so. Is tia;'',.'
aidh tairis ceòl na cainnt a lab'i"
Fionnghal 'us e ag iarraidh air na, .,
"Thiouudaidh Fionn ri luchd bu bhinn,
'Us dh' iarr am fonn o shoun nam bàrd'
"A ghutha Chona. a's àirde fuaim,
A' bharda, tha luaidh mu haois,
Dha 'n eirich air ar n-anam suas
Feachdan mor nan gorm chruth laoch.
'S taitneach leam aoibhneas a' bhròin,
Mar dhruchd mothar earraich chaoia,
Fo 'n lùb geug dharag nan torn
172
AN GAIDHEAL.
rhogli;.rakìh,1872.
S an dTiillcacli òg ag cirigh maoth.
Togaibbse, mo bhàird, am fonn."
Bha anam Oisein a' lasadh le caoiv-
theas 's le dian-bblathas a' chombraig,
an uair a tba e tarruing bho gacli scall-
adh neartmhor, bagrach, fuaimneach a
tba nàduir feiii a taisbeaiiadh, smuaint-
ean 'us iiitbe.in a tba ag àrdachadb 'us
a' meudacliadb oillt, 'us gaisge nan
treun laocli a lean Cucbullin mùr mac
Sheuma, agns Suaran rigb nan long, 'us
nan. donn sgiatb, gu garbb spairn a'
cbombraig. Anns a' cbeud Duan de
L^hionnglial tba e ag radb :
"Mar sbruth a' taomadb o gbarbh glileann
Db' aom na suinu o cbmaich nam beanu,
Gacb triatb an airm atbar nam buadb ;
A ghaisgicli dbubb-ghruamacb na dhiigb,
Mar chombthional uisgc nan stuadb
M' an cnairt do dbealaiu nan speur,
Chkiinnto fuaira nan arm 's gacb ceiim
Meagbal mbiolcbon' cleasadb àrd,
Duain g am miicbadlvanus gacb beul,
Gacb curaidb treun ag iarraidb bL'dr.
Mar tbaomis srutb cobbaracb liatb,
O chru licb iarnaidb Chrombiicb àird,
An torrnnn a' siubbal 's an t-sliabh,
'S a cbiar-oidbcbe air letb nan earn,
Is tanas fbnar nan snu;idb glas
'A' coimbead o iomall nam fras;
Cbo garg, cbo mùr, cbo borb, cbo luatb,
Db' imicb ciuadal siol na b-Eb'inn,
An ceannard mar mbòr tborc a' chuain
A' tarruing nam fuar tbonn 'u a dlieigb,
A taomadb a tbreunais mar stuadb;
' Fo sbiubbal cbritheadb an triiigb,
Mar tboirm fbogbair o dba bbeinn,
, Gu cliuile tbarruing na suiun ;
, Mar sbrutb Kddir o dba cbrcig
I 'G aomadb, taomadb, air an r^ idb,
I Fuaimear dorcba, garbli 's a bbUir
i Tbacbair Innisfiul 'us Locblainn,
( Ceannard a 'spcalt cblcas ri ceannard,
j Is diiine an agbaidb gacb duinc;
Bba ciuaidb a' screaclan air cruaidb,
', Bbii clogaidean sbuas 'g an sgoltadb,
■ Full a' (lortadb dliitli mu'n cuairt,
' Tuifeid a' fuaim air min iutbar,
I Galban a' siubbal ro 'n speur,
' Sleagba 'bualadb 's a' tuiteam thall,
j Mar dbcalain oidbcbe 's a' bbeinn,
Mar onflia bcucacb a' cbuain,
• 'jSTuair gbluaiscas an tonn gu li-àrd.
Mar tborruinn air cul nan cruacb,
Bba gruaim 'us farum a' bblàir,
MiXT db' aomas mile tonn gu trAigh,
A glduais fo Sbuaran na dàimb.
Mar thacliras tràigli ri mile tonn,
Tbacbair Eirinn ri Suaran nan long,
Sin far an. robb gutban a' bbàis,
Toirra gàirccatb 'us cruaidb,
Sgiatban 's rnàile brist air làr,
Lann 's gacb laimh 'n a dbealan sbuas.
Fuaim a' bhlnir o tbaobb gu taobb,
Còmlirag beucacb, creucbdacb, teth.
Mar cbeud ùrd a' bualadb baotli ^
Caoir o'u tcallacb dearg ma seacb."
Tha na samhlaidhean agus na cos-
arablacbdan a tba Oisein a' ciirnadh suas
a chnra 's gun dean e comlirag nan
laocli CO dian 's co oillteill 's as urrainn
e, a' seasamh leo fein air son maise 'us
àirde 'us eireacbdas. Is leòir iad so
fcin air sou tuaim a' bbàird a chrùnadh
's a' sgeadachadh le coran buaidh, agus
a chuimhue òradh le sobbraicliean mol-
aidh.
Mu 'n troig sinn deanadas nan siir-
cliuraidli aun an teas na strl, ni mi
luaidh air coimeas eile a tba Oisein a'
deauamh mu bbrathair fein Fillean, anns
a' cbnigeamli duan de Tiiigiijioua:
"Tba Fillean mar tbanas nan speur,
A tbe-'rnas treun o cbirb nan sian,
Tba 'n f bairge 'am bruaillean fo cbeum,
'Us c 'leum o tbuinn gu tuinn;
Tba astar a' lasadb na dbeigh;
Cratbaidb innsean an ceud cbeann
Air cuan ng cirigb gun blieus thall."
(Ri leanntuinn.) CONA.
EACIIDRAIDH NA SMUID-
SHOITHEACH.
(.1/)' leantainn,)
Anns a' bbliadhna 1801 no 1802, an
uair a cbaidb guth thairis air Mr. Tay-
lor agus a bbàta, tbòisicli Mr. Syming-
ton, cbeana ainniichte, (le cuideacliadh
LordDnndm) air smuid-bbata a dhean-
arali a chum soitliichean eile a sblaod-
adh tvoimh 'n clianal. An uair a bha
i deas cbaidh a feucbainn 'sbha a' chol-
tas oirre freagairt do 'n aobbar, ach
chuir luchd riaghlaidh a' chanail 'n a
Dara MiosanFhogharaiJh, 187
AN GAIDHEAL.
173
stad i fo eagal gu'n lionaclh i e leis mar
a shruladb. uisge a cuibblean a sios a
bhf uachan. Cbaidh a cur a leth taobh
ami an liiib uaigneach d'an ciianal
goirid o'a Eaglais Chric.
Mu 'n cheart am so blia fear Mr. \
Fulton 0 America maille ri Henry Bell'
a Glaschu a' faicimi fuirneis mbòir
Charroin. Chuala iad mu 'n bhata ùr {
agus chaidh Mr. Fulton a tliaghal air
Mr. Si/mington a chum a faicinn. ]
Sheall iad gu raion air a feadh, a' •
beach(:achadh airgach ni sonruichte m'al
timckioll, as iad le clieile a' cur rouipa '
aig au ceud chothrom an ùr-iunleachd
cliomliarraiclite so a chur gn biril dhoibli |
fein — ni a rinu iad — Mr. Fulton anu
an America aims a' bliliadhna 1807, air
an abhuinn Hudson, agus Henry Bell,
'n uair a rinn e an Comet anns a'
bhliadlma 1812. Uaith sin tha elan'
shoilleir nach mor coir America air lir-
iniileachd na smuid-shoitheacli. Chuun-
aic Mr. Fulton te dhiubh aig Carron
— mhiuich Mr. Symington dha gacli ni
m'a timchioll — cha 'n e sin a mhàin,
aoh cbuir e gu falbh i 'cbura gu'm
faiceadb e mar a db' oibricbeadh an
t-iom!an, agus e 's a' cheart am ag inn-
seadb an fheum a dheanadh e d' an colas
a bba e au sin a' faotaiiin, an uair a
racbadh e dhaAaidk do America. A
tbuilleadb air gnr ann Ti Sasunn o Watt
<t Bolton a fhuair e an smuid-inneal air
sou na ceud sbaoithicb a chur e an
òrdugh. Tha e coltaeh gu 'n robh e
toileacb gu 'm biodb so an an-fhios oir
cha b'e ainra fein a thug e suas do Watt
cC' Bolton an am dha 'bhi 'toirt ordugh
dboibb au smuid inneal a dbeanamh.
Thug Mr. Symington e fein oidhirp
neo-fbiacbail anns a bhliadhna 1802 no
1803 air coir fhaotuinn dha fein air an
ur-iunleacbd, le Litir PJgli fbaigbinn
gun fhios do Mhr. Taylor, acb cba do
dhuraichd e riamb a tbagar gus a'
bhliadhna 1815, an uair a dh' f beach e
rl toirt air sealbhadairean smuid-sboith-
ichean Chluaidb suim rabor a phàigh-
eadb air sou na saorsa a gbabb iad ann
a bbi 'togail agus a' seòladb nan soith-
icbean gun a chead-san, Chnir iad gu
Ii-ealamb 'n a tbamb e le innseadh agus
a sboilleireachadh nach b'e idir a b' iigb-
dar do'n smuid-shoitbeach. Cba chuala
Mr. Taylor gutb dhetb so gus a'
bhliadhna 1821, 's an uair a sgriobh e
g'aionnsaidh db'fheuch.3//'. Symington .
ri 'bhreugadh le tairgse a thoirt dha de
leth 's a gheibbeadh e. Tha e coltaeh
gu'n do dhi-chuimbnich c gu'n robb a
litir aig BJr. Taylor cho trathail ri
20mb, August, 1787, a' guidhe soirbli-
eachaidh dha 'na oidhirpean air a smuid-
sboitheacb fhaotainn an ordugh.
O'n am a sgriobh Mr. Taylor, 1821,
cha chluinn sinn a bheag m'a thimchioll '
gu 1824, an uair a bba aois agus bocbd-
aiun a' teannadh air. Cbuir a chairdeau
iompaidh ah' a chids a tboirt fa chomli-
air TJachdaranachd na Rioghacbd.
Rinn e so ag earbsa a' ghnothaich ri
Sir Henry Parnell. Cha 'n 'eil e colt-
aeh gu 'n d' fhuair e mor cisdeachd, a
chionn, cbi sinn e 's an ath bhliadhna a' '
deanamh a ghearain ri Sir William \
Hus/cison 's a' faotainn mar fbreagairt,
nach robh mor dbòcbas gu 'm measadh'
iad an innleacbd airidh air a bheag de
dhuais! Anns a' bhliadhna 1826, a's e
air leabaidh a bhàis sgriobh e cunntas
mion-riochdail mu gach ceum a ghabh
e ann an toirt air aghaidh na h-inn-
leacbd o tboiseacb gu deireadh, gun fhios
nach robb an Uacbdaranacbd an teag- i
amli am b'e gu cinnteach a b' ùgbdar
dbi. Mu 'n am so cbaocbail e— meadh- ,
on au fbogharaidh 1826 — aig ocbd a's
tri ficbead bliadhna db' aois. Is cianail '
r'a smuaineachadb cho beag gnùis,
cothroim no ceartais 's a fhuair an duine
so a cbuir an saoghal gu h-iomlan fo
'leithid de cbomain. ^
Beagan an deigb a bbàis thug fear d'a
chàirdean a cbùis air beulaobh Ard-
cbombairle na Rioghacbd as leth na
bautraich 's nan dilleachdan, a' deanamh
na cuise cho soilleir, dearbhta, 's gu 'n
do dheònaich iad leth cheud punnd •
Sasuunach 's a' bhliadhna orra ri 'm beo. ,
AN GAIDHEAL.
Hani Mioian FhogharalJh, 1872.
aochail a bhean so ann am baile
inneideanii aims a bhliadhna 1859.
Faodar a ràdh gu'n robh ùr-innleachd
smuid-slioitheach 'n a cadal o 'n a
lidh a' bbirlinn a chur gu siubhal air
ban Dhalsu-inton anns a l)hliadUna
38, gus an do cbuir Fulton an
;ierica 's a' bhliadbna 1807, agus
nry Bell mt CInaidb ann an 1812 a
gu saod i. Thoisicb an Comet ri
tb gu riagbailteacb eadar Glascbu
IS Grianaig toiseacb na bliadbna
12, 's cba bu chadal a rinn iad an
gh sin. Anns a' bbliadbna 1815
ddb coig dbiubb a tbogail an Albainn.
'^un" gbin an Sasunn, agus anns a
iadbna 1S18, cba bu kigba na ocbd
T fbicbead dbiubh a bba a 'ruitb gu
bblacb an Albainn.
[s ann air a' Ijbliadbna so a thoisicb
)ine air del tbar cbuantan leo. Is
'i eadar Cluaidh agus E'trinn a cbuir
a' cbius gu dencbainn as air dboibli
hi air am faotainn ro fhreagaracb, air
atb bbliadlina (1819) cbaidb an cur
ilar Cluaidh agus Lherpool. B' ì an
. hert Bruce a' choud aon a ^\^o\ an
ligbe so. Bha i gun dàil air a lean-
in leis an f^uperh agus am Majestic
le iomadh te ainmeil eile, air sail a
lie — gach aon a' toirt bàrr air na bba
thoiscach oirre.
Anns a' bbliadbna 1823 cbaidb an
mes Watt a chur air an t-sligbe eadar
;e agus Lunnaiun, ann an 1826 cbaidb
United Kingdom a chur air an
ligbe cbcudna. B'i so soitheach a bu
Magba 's an Rioghachd 'na latha fein.
• 'A-ir a' bbliadbno 1838 thug iad ionn-
dh air Cuan Mor na h-àirde 'n lar
Uir a sbeòl an Sirius agns an Great
astern gu America. O'n am sin tlia
a' seòladb gu riagbailteacb a null 's a
1, a shambradh 's a gbeamhradb.
a 'n 'eil cuan air nach faigbear iad a
, cba'n c mbàin a' giulan lucbdturais,
[ cuid mhor de bbatbar-malairt an
logbail. Is iad a tba freagarrach
a shou, ann an biatbas, an tèaruin-
chd, airus am nieudachd: oir bha iad
a' fas am meud mar a bba iad a' dol an
lionmhoracbd. B'e fad na Great West-
ern, 240 troidh; am British Qiie^n,
275 troidh; an Great Britain, 322
troidh; am Persia, 390 troidh; agns
mu dheireadh, a' toirt barr orra uile,
tba an Great Eastern 690 troidh air
fad, no sè fad deug na Comet aig Henry
Bell! Bha comas giulan na Comet air
a mheas aig coig tunna Gchead — an
Great Eastern coig mile fichead tunna;
agus tba da fhad na Cornet de lend 'na
clàr uacbdarach. Bha cunibachd
smuid-inneal na Comet air a mheas aig
tri eich — tba cumhachd inneal na Great
Eastern air a mheas aig deich mile
each !
Cba 'n 'eil e coltach gu'n d'tbeid ri 'r
linn-ne soitheach a's mo na 'n Great
Eastern a tbogail. Is ann a tha an stri
a nis cia cho liiidir, dhiongalta 's a
ghabhas iad deanamh. Cha 'n e 'mbain
gu'm bbeil am fiodh na 's truime ach i&
ann a tha na luingis-chogaidb air an
suaineadh agus air an strucbdadh thairis
le iarrnun, cuid diubh cùrr a's troidh air
tiugbad, agus a' cosd letb muillein piinud
Sasunnach, no os cionn tri tunna oir!
Lùidir agus do-leonta a reir coltais
mar a tha iad air an togail nco-ar-thaiug
mar 'eil airra-chogaidh sgriosail a' lean-
taiiin air an s;ul. Ann an coimeas do na
h-iniileachdan millidh cba'n 'eil iad idir
cho math ris an luireach-mhaileacb ri^
linn a' cblaidhimh 's na biodaig 's an am
's an do fbairtlich air a' Ghàidheai a
bbiodag a shathadh troimb 'n t-Sasunn-
acb 's a tbuirt e, "Mairbh-phaisg ort, a
fhleasgaicli, cba'n i do mluithair a rinn
do leine!"
CAB AE-FEIDU.
Doocb-slainte cliabair fiidh so
Gur h-c'ibhinn 's gur b aighearach;
Ge fada bho thir fein c,
Mhic Dh' grcas g'a fhoarann e;
Mo chrocbadh a's mo chcusadh,
A's m' òideadh mnv mlicala mi,
Mur ait leam thu bin 'g eiridh
Le tremi neart gach caraide!
Dara Miosan Fhogharaidh, 1S72,
AN GAIDHEAL.
Gur mise chiinna' sibli gu gunnacli,
Ealamh, ullamli, àcuinneach;
Euith nan Rothach 's math 'ur gnolliach,
Thng sibh sothadh maidne dhoibhj
Cha deach' Cataicli air an tapadh,
Dh'fhag an neart le eagal iad,
Ei faicinn ceaun an fheidh ort
'Nuair 'dh' L-irich do cliabar ort!
Be'n t-amadan fear Fòluis,
'Nuair tliòisicli e cogadh riut;
Eothaich agns Eòsaich —
Bu gliùrach na bodaicli iad ;
Frisealaich a"s Granndaich,
An càmpa cha stadadli iad;
'S thug Forbeisich na'n teann-ruith,
Gu seann taigh Chuil-fhodair orr'.
Theich iad uile is cha d-fhuirich
An treas duine 'bh'aca san;
An t-Iarla Catadi ruith e dhachaigh —
Cha do his a dhagachan;
Mac-Aoidh nan creach gun thar e as,
'S ann dh'eigh e*n t each a b' àigeannaich,
Ri gabhal an ra-treuta,
'Nuair dh-eirich do chabar ort I
'S ann an sin blia 'm fuathas
Ga'n ruagadh thar bheahiichean,
An deas dhuinn a's an tuath-dhuinn,
Gu luath ruith roi d' cheann-eideadh;
Mar sgaoth a dheoin nam fuar-bhoann,
A's gruaim air a h-uile fear,
A' tekrnadli bho na sleibhtean
Gu rCidhleiu 's gu cladaichean.
Dh 'eigli iad port 's gu'n d'f huair iad coit,
'S bu bhcag an toirt mar thachair dhoibh;
Ciod e'n droch rad rinn am brosnach',
Le'n cuid mhosg nacH freagi'adh srad'
'S a huthad toirtear dlietli na Eothaich,
'Dol air flod thar chlaigeannan? —
'S ann ghabh iad an ratreata,
'iNuair 'dh'eirich do chabar ort!
Gu'm faigh mi fein mo dhiirachd —
('Se dhùisg lis mo chadal mi)
An TÌ do'n geill na dùilean,
'S da 'n iimhlaicli na h-uile ni,
Gun greas e thu gu d' dhùthaich,
Gu h-ùiseil 's gu h urramaciil
Gur tu nach leigeadh ciiis,
Leis na dii-Ghaill nach buineadh 'iioibh:
'S tu bheireadh clotha do" luchd gnothaich.
Gun fhios CO a throdadh riut;
An fhine Eothach chuir thu fotha
Ge mor leotha 'n ladornas,
Ga'n cuir romhad VSn ruith-choimhich,
'S am baile-nodha na sbradagan
S na lasair anns na speuran,
'Xuair dh'eirich do chabar ort!
Chunna mi m"a thuath thu
'S gar'm b'uachdaran allail thu;
Bha Cataich fo do churam,
A's dh' umhlaich na Gallaich dhut ;
S gach ti bha riut an diiunba,
'S nach diiirigeadh sealhidh ort,
A' faicinn bhi ga'n sgiùrsadh,
Gu diithaich nach buineadh dhoibh.
Le gasraidh fhinealt dheth do chinnead
Nach gabh giorag eagalach ;
Luchd chlogaid 's bhiodag's chorcan bin
Cha philleadh luchd-bagairt iad;
Thig feachd Mhic-Shimi gu do mhilleac
'S ruithidh iad gu saidealta;
'S gun teich iad o chlir t eudainn,
'Nuair dh'eireas do chabar ort! ■
Th'am brochan a' toirt sàr dhuibh,
'S tha'n càl a' toirt at oirbh;
Ach "s beag is misde 'n t-àrmunn,
'Ur sàth thoirt an nasgaidh dhuibh:
Ge mor a thug sibli 'chaise,
Thar ;\iridhean Asaiune,
Clia'n fhacas cuirm a'ln Fòlais,
Ge raòr bha do chcarcan ann ;
Caisteal biorach, nead na h-iolair', ;
Coin a's gilleaa gortach ann;
Cha'n fhaicear bioran ann ri teine,
Mur 'bidh dileag bhrochain ann ;
Cha'n fhaicear mairt-fheoil ann am poi
Mur 'bi cearc 'g a plotaigeadh;
'S ga'n tional air an deirce,
'Nuair threigeas gach cosgais iad.'
Cha'n eil eun 's na speuran,
Is breine n'an iolaire,
Cha 'n ionan idir beus d'i,
'S do dh -fheidh anns na firichean;—
Bi'dh iadsa moch ag eiridh,
A' feuchainn a' bhiolaire ;
'S bi'dh is' air sean each caoile,
Ei slaodadh a mhionaich as ;
Chiiir i spuir a staigh na chxinv.h,
'S thug i fhui! na spadul as,
An t-ian gun souas 'g iarraidh donais,
BifDi na coin a' sabaid rith';
I 'S breun an t-isean i air iteig,
r Gu'n fhios c'idt' an stadadh i, —
j ilas' olc a lean i 'h-àbhaist,
! Cha b' fheàrr far na chaidil i.
! Cha'n eil eun 'san t-saoghal
I E'a fhaoiHÌnn tha coltach riut^-—
Ch:i'n ithi-ar do chuid slthne— '
Einn firinn a' mollacbadh :
176
AN GAIDHEAL.
Piira Jliosan Fhosharaidh, 1S72.
GeJ tha ort itcag dhircach,
JIar fhior shaigdeacl corrannacli,
S gcd' thuirt iad riiit am fireun,
Tlia ionan an Doniiis ort!
S ioma buachaillc 'tli' air fuar chnoc, •
Agus ciiaille but' aige';
Ni guidhe bbuan do bhuntainbbuatb,
'S a bbnaileas blio do tbapadb thii ;
'Nuair bbcir thu ruaig air fcadli nan uan,
'S a bbios buaireas acrais ort,
'N tiair tbachras cabar feidh ort,
Gu'in fcum thu bhi snasadb dha!
Tba cabar-fjarna Dhòmhuill,
Mar spurs' anns an talamhs' ac' ;
Nacb innseadh sibli dbonihs' e,
'S gum beol donib a characbadb ;
'S cbuirinn fios gu b-eòlach,
Gu Seòras an caraidcacb,
Gur b-e Fear Dhuin-Dòinbnuill,
Le Ion cbum an t-anam ris;
'Bbiasd gun mboas, gun mbiagh gun, gbl
Eiamb bu trie 's an talamh-s' thu ; "[c;
Db'òl a's dh'itb thu trian do d' phiseicb,
'S tu an t-iscan aniaideach;
Chuir na liothaicb thu air gbnothach,
S tu an t-amhusg aineohich,
'S ged' thug Clann-Choinnicb miadh ort,
j Oha b' fhiach thu 'n trcas earainn deth.
iFaire! faire! sbaoghail,
! Gur caochlaidhcach carach thu;
Chunna mi.s(i Si-phort,
'Nam pioban cruaidh, sgahanta,
■ Nach robh an Alb' a db'aon-shluagh,
< Ged shhicadh Mac-Chailein ris,
i Na cbumadh riuts an eudann,
! 'Nuair dhVireadh do chabar ort!
'• Db'eireadh Icat an coir 'san ccarl,
; Le trian do ncart gu bagarach,
Na bh'eadar Asainn, a's fa dhc is,
I Gu ruig Sgalpa chraganacli,
I Gach fear a glacadh gunna snaip,
i Claidlmamh glas, no daL;achan, —
|Bu leat Sir Dòmlmull Bhk'ibhtc,
( 'N uair dh'c'ireadh do chabar ort !
JDh'eireadh leat fir Mhnidcirt,
'Nuair 'ruignfte do lihrataicliean,
Le 'n lannan daite du-ghorm,
\ Gu'n ciuirtc na marcaich Ico;
- Mac-Alasdair 's Mac lonnibuinn,
I Le 'n cuilbheirean acuinncach ;
'Nuair rachadh iad 'san iorghuill,
■ Gu'm b' ioghna inur Irodadh iad: —
■'Bi'dli tu fhathast gabliail aighcar,
Ann am Brathuinn bhaidoalach,
Bi"dh cinne t-athair ort a' feithcamh,
Co 'bhratbadh bagradh ort?
Bi'dh fion ga chnitheamh feadh do thaiglic^
'S uisgc-bcatha fcadanaah;
'S gur lionmhor piub' ga'n glcusadh,
'NUAIU DH'CIUEAS DO CHABAR OUT!
[Tha c ri chantuinn gur h-e Torniod ban
Macleòid :ui Asaiima rinn " Cabar-feidh" air
do na Rothaich cuairt a tlmirt dj dh-Asainne
a dh iarruidh ci-fiuhe. Thh.iiiig iad r6 an
t-samhruidii, 'n luiir a hha na boireannaicb
leis a" spreidli air an iiiridh, agus, a r(5ir na
sgeuhichdan a tli' airainnL-, clia n c 'mhàin gun
d' thug jad leo inòran cruidh ach mar an ceud-
na, ini a"s false. Thog an gnionih so fearg
Mhicleòid agus rinn e Cabak-feiuii, oirsann
Ijho Clilann Choinnich a ihaidii a ch:cach a
thuirt.]
FAILTE 0 'N " SGIATHANACH."
A' Ghàidlieil loninhuinn,
Is fhad on tliubliairt an sean-fhocal,
"Gur uìinicathàinigdeagh chomhairle
A beul amadain," agus tha e ro cheart.
Feudar an sean-fhocal eigneachadh,
ach cha bhrcugaichear e. Ach bith-
eam-sa aniaideac]] no glic, bu ro
mhaith learn deagli-chomliairlc a thabh-
airt duit-se, a thaobh nan nithe eug-
sàmhla a tha thu a' cur romhad a
dheanamh chum eolas agus fiosrachadh
de gach gnc a chraobh-sgaoilcadh am
fad 's am farsuing am measg nan Gaidh-
eal. Tha 'n obair a ta agad os làimli
cliù-thoilltinneach, agus bu choir do na
h-uile aig am bheil spc^is do dhiithaich
am brcith, agus aig am bheil dhrachd-
cridhe chum staid agus cor nan Gàidh-
eal bhochda ath-lcasachadh, gach
cuideachadh nan comas a dheanamh
leat. Bheirinn iiithne dhuit os ceann
gach ni, cùram a bhi ort nach toir thu
geill do chomhairle nan uile. Ma ni
thu sin, Ic miann ort gach neach fa leth
a riarachadh, tuitidh tu ann am
mearachd an t-.'i^eannduine "sa chosamh-
lachd a bha 'n dhil, le mhac agus le
asail fein, gu'n toilicheadh e iadsanuile
a bha 'g a chòmhlachadh air an rathad
mhòr. Tha e ni 's fhusado mharaiclie
gach cilean aguscrcag 'san " Archipel-
ago," a sheachnadh o lòng-bhriseadh
Dara Mlos an Fhogharaidh, 1872.
AN GAIDHEAL.
177
air òidhclie dhuirch, ghaillionnaich
gbeamhraidh, ua tha e dbuitsa do
chosan a slieasarali raa dli' èisdeas tu
ris gach comhairle a bbeirear dhuit. —
Tba beacbdan agus barailean a cbinDe-
daoine co ioma-gtiètbeacb agns eadar-
dheabaicbte 'sa ta crutb agus dealbb au
gnùiseau fein, agus ciod a's minsa, tba
gacb neacb fa letb co fdin-bbeacbd-
ail 's gu 'm bbeil e 'sa bbavail gur
esan fdiu a tlia ceart, agus gacb duiue
eile mearacbdacbd. Sin agad Fionn-
ladb lluadb a bba 'na fboirbbeacb-
eaglais o cbeann còrr is ficbead
bliadbiia, agus ged tba deagb eòlas
aig air a' Ghailig, cba 'n 'eil innleacbd
air a tboilleacbadb. Tba Fionnladb,
m'as fior e fein, ro tbuigseacb, ro
bbeacbdail, ro gbbc, agus 'na dbuine
aig nacb 'eil coimeas air son a bliuaidb-
ean maiseacb a'm measg a lucbd-eòkis
air fad. Agus god nacb toir Seònaid a
bhean-pbòsda cbòir fèin an cliù sin
air, gidbeadb gabbaidb e dba feiu e,
agus diau Lisas e a'm ièìvg an agb-
aidb an ti ai^^ am bbeil a dhànadas
cur 'na agbaidb. Rinn Fionnbidb
dicbioU gu grdim fbaotuinn air gacb
ni a cblodb-bbualadb 'sa Gbaibg 'na
la 's na linn fein. Leugb e au scann
" Teachdaire," " Cttairtear nan
Gleann," " Fear-tathaicii nam
Beann," "An Fiiianuis fhior,"
" Bratach na sithe," agus an leitbid-
ibb sin, — agus do gacb aon fa letb bba
Fionnladb a faofcuinn cron air cbor
eigin. — Bba Tormadog, an t-Eilthir-
EACH, AN SgIATHANACH, RoB PttJADH,
Caraid NAN Gaidheal, agus Ian an
letb-cbeud eile a' sgriòbbadb annta sin
chum an lucbd-ducba fein atb-leasacb-
adb, acb cba do cbòrd a h-aon diubb ri
Fionnladb ; agus ma tba e beò f hatbasd
agus cumbacbd nan siil agus nan cluas
aige, cba cbòrd "An Gaidheal" ris
ni's mo, oir is duine e aig nacb 'eil
deagb-gbutb do neacb fo'n gbrein. Acb
tba iomadb Fionnladb 's an t-saogbal
fatbasd; agus cba 'n ionann iad is
Cailean Ban j^Juileach, — duine cial-
lacb, tuigseacb, aig an robh deagb-i-im
dboibbsan uile a bba 'cur a mach ni
sam bitb ann an cànain bhinn agns
bblasda nan Gaidbeal. Ceart mar a
tbàrruingeas an seillean a' mbil a's gach
luibb agus blàtb, bba Cailean coir a'
tarruing teagaisg agus fògbluim o gach
ni 'sa' Gbailig. Bba gacb lide 'sa'
cbainnt sin oirdbearc ann am beachd
Cbailein. Bba gacb Gailig co-ionnan
da, agus cba robb Gaidbeal o'n àirde
deas no tuatb nacb tuigeadb e. Bba
òrain Eob Duinn agus Dbonnacbaidh
Bbàin maraon so-thuigsinn da: agus
cba deanadb e tàir air ni sam bitb a
cblodb-bbualadb ann an càinnt a
mbatbar. Cba robb e idir frionasach,
gearanacb, drànndanach, mar a bba
Fionnladb Ruadb ; acb bba e tàingeil
air son gacb dicbill a rinneadb le daoin-
ibb fògbluimte chum eòlas a tboirt da
air sgeulaibb, cleacbdannaibb, agus
eacbdraidb a lucbd-diicba fein. Tha
mi uime sin, a'n dòcbas, a' Gbaidbeil
lonmbuinn, gu'm buia na ceudan riut-
sa cleas Cbailein Bbcàin, agus gu;i cròdh
iad mn'n cuairt duit chum do cbuid-
eacbadb, agus do cbumail suas. Tba
feum agad air do Lamb a neartacbadh
le bbi 'gad cbòmhnadh, an da cbuid
cbum do Leabhran taitneach a dbean-
amb suas, agus a cbraobb-sgaoileadba'm
fad 's am farsuing. Tba mòran ann,
gu'n teagamb, de dbaoinibb trdun agus
cumbacbdacb 'sa Gliailig, a nocbdas,
tbami'n dòcbas,mòr dheagb-gbean d'ad
tbaobb. Tba aodbair urramacb a'
Chill- Mbàllidb ann, a dhealbb cùimh-
neacban air fein a bhios co maireann
ri Beinn-Neambais, leis an t-seòl air an
d'eadar-tlic; ng licbeadh dàiu Oisein leis.
Than t Olln-c liiiteach Mac Lacblainn
ann, a cbladhaicb co dombain sios
cbum seann sgriobbanna 'sa cbainnt
a dheanamb aitbnicbte. Tba Mac
Cboinuich, aodbair fògbluimte Cbill-
Mbòraig ann, diàn agus deas cbum
gacb bun agus bàrr air am bbeil fiamh
na Gcàilig a rannsacbadh a mach. Sin
agad, mar an cèudna, an t-aodbair
17S
AN GAIDHEAL.
DaraMlos an Fliogharaidh, 1875.
Camshroiii ajm au Ptenton, agus clia'ii
fliurasd fhaotuinn a bheir bàrr air a
thaobh eòlais-san air gacli ui a bhiiineas
do'u Ghailig. Agus c'àit an d' fliàg
mi " Lochabar lochdarach" — duine
fiughantacli, fialaidh, foghluimte, dcas
gu cuideacbadh, m.àll gu cronachadh —
suairce, sèimb, seirceil? — gu'u teagainb
is tearc a lèitbid r'a fhaotuinn — Cha
bheò e aig am bheil barracbd fiosrach-
aidh natha aigc-san air cainnt, cleaclid-
annaibh, cairdeas, treubliantas, gaisge,
fad f hulangas, agus gacb deagb-bbuaidh
eile a bbuincas do na Gàidbeil; agus
CO e a tba co ullamb, ealanta, eallamb,
chum nan nitbe sin a leagadh ris 'na
bhriatbraibh òirdbearc agus sbnasmlior
fein? Tba iad so uile, ma ta, agus na
ficlieadan eile comasacb air do chuid-
eachadb, agus tba dòcbas agam gu'n
dean lad e. Ged nacb sàmlilaicbinn
mi fein. acb àmliain ann an deagb-
dliiiraclid, riii-san a dli' ainmich mi,
gidbeadb, cha di-cbuimbnicb mi idir
thu. Ged a bheirinn duit sgòd sear-
moiu au trà's 'sa ris, bu cboraa leat e ;
uime sin, gbeibb thu de nitbibh eile
"sop as gacb seid" ceart mar a chead-
uicheas bine sin a dbeanamb. Tba gu
■cinnt.eacb deagh-rùu aig Comunn Gai-
LiG Inbherneis dhuit, agus sinidh iad
amach an lamb gu'n teagamb gu d'
chòmbnadb, B'e sin an Comunn
tlachdmbòr, geanail, dian, deas, deal-
aidh, gu'n diòbradb, ann a bhi 'lorg-
adh a mach gacb cuspair eugsambuil
air am blieil iad an tòir. Beannacbd
leat, a' Gbaidheil lonmbuiun. Buaidb
agus piseach Ipat; agus gu mo maith a
tbdid gacb ciiis leat.
Is mi do charaid gu'n teagamb,
Sgiathanacii.
Priori, h-Bhsi!e na Oaitlhcaltachd. >
Ceud Mios an l''hogUaraidh, 187-'. i
MIANN NA BAN-EIRE AN NAICH.
Bha duine uasal ili'aid lum an Eireann,
agus bha a bin an ro dhoiia airson au oil.
C'lia ro fill a loirjo iiacii reiccadli i pu ceann-
ach an uisgebhcatlia. Bha an duine VL\r\umje-heaiha?''
eigneachadh leatha, 's cha romh fios aige
ciod e 'dheanadh e gu thoirt oine 'n t-òf a
thrcigsinu. Mu dheireadh, 's ann a chaidh
e gu lighiche -bha 'san àito 'dh'iarraidh
comhairle air son a (jalair.
'^ Am bheil e n'ur comas ni sam bith a
thoirt doiiih air son bean a bhios a gabhail
na daoraich?" ars' an duine.
" 'N e piunnsean a tha uait " ars' an ligh-
idle, "mas e, iarr gu fcarail e, 'sna bi 'dean-
amh eis?"
"0 cha 'n 'eil mise 'g iarraidh puinnsean,
ach rud-eigin a bheir oirre sgur de 'n oh"
"Na 'm b' urrainn mise leigheas a thoirt
air a ghalair sin" ars' an hghiche, "bha
m' fhortau deaimta. Ach coma co-dhiù,
dian mar so a' nochd. Thoir leat galaa
uisge-bheatha ;igus leig leatha òl gus gu to
miannach leatha fht-iu sgm-; agus theid
mise 'n rathad 's a' mheadhon oidhche."
Mar so bha. Thug an duine leis an
t-uisge-beatha. Dh'òl a bhean e; agus anns
a' nihoadhon oidhche, thàiiiig an lighiche.
Dh' f halbh an dithis leis a bhean, agus shia
iad i fuar marbh leis a' mhisg ann an seilear
iochdiach seann chaisteil a'bha 's a' nàb-
uidhcachd. An deigh beagan cadail, dhuisg
i, agus shin i air feòrachd c' àite an romh i.
"Tha thu ann an tir na bithbhuantachd"
ars' an hghiche 'bha 'g a f halach Ihein air a
cùl-thaobh.
"Agus c' fhada le 'tha mi 's an tir so?"
ars' ise.
"Tha còrr is bliadhna" ars' an lighiche.
" 'S cinuteadi gu 'm bheil mi marbh ma
tha mi cho fada sin ann" ars' ise.
"Tha cho marbh ri clich."
"Agus am bheil thusa marbh mar an
ccudna?"
"Tha."
" Agus c'fhada tha thu 'san dùthaich sol"
ars' ise.
"Tha còig bliadhna" ars' an lighiche.
"Gun teagamb tha sinn uile marbh a
reisd."
"Tha; gach neach againn."
Air do 'u lighiche 'm freagairt so a thoirt
di, rinn i suidhe agus air son seal beag
lean i air smuaineachadh gu ciiramach. Cha
robh f hios aig an lighiche ciod e a bha i 'do!
a chautuinn.
Mu dheireadh thuirt i — "Tlia mi cinnt-
each gu'm bheil thusa gu maih eòlach 'san
ùite; am hheil fios agad c' aiV am faigh mi
Dara Mies an Fhegharaidli, 1872.
AN GAIDAEAL.
179
Cha robh fhios aig an lighiche ciod e
'dheanadh e 'n uair a channaic e gu'n do
ehir i'n dram ann an dùthaich nan spioradan;
'a thug e 'chasan aa.
TUIREADH BAINTIGHEARNA
CHOLA,
Gar h-e mis' th' iar mo chiùradh,
Thug mi gealladh do 'n chiiii teir,
Ged nach leiginn fo run e nas mo.*
Moch 's a' mhaduinn '8 tu 'g eiridh,
Gur math thigendh dhut feileadh,
'N uair a sgioblaiche;idh m'endail gu falbh.
Sealgair /c'idh air an driùch] thu,
Bu trom lot o le d' fhiidar,
Call fala 's do chii air a lorg.
An la thàinig thu dh' Albainn,
Bu làmh shònruichte arm thu,
Tha sud firiuneach, dearbhta, gun bhòsd.
Bu tu 'n cèarrach mòr prìseil,
Air chairtean, 's air dhisnean,
'S tu gu 'n coisneadh a' chis air an torm.
Agus cearr.ich air feòirne,
Air an taileasg ga 'n steùrnadh,
'S tu nach iarradh, 's nach sòradh an t-òr.
Bu tu ceinn do hichd-muinntir,
Nach robh geur orra 'n cainnt o,
Ann an eii-eachdas cimntais no moid.
Ach, a Neil choir, a ghaisgich,
Fhuair do stialiadh mu 'ii clilachan,
'S e do bhàs chuir am fadal so orm.
Chunnacas sud le d' cheann-cinnidh,
lad ga d' ghiiilan gu hinnis,
'S iomadh bean a bha sileadh an deòir,
Gu 'n robh gruaim air do dhalta,
'N tràth bha 'n uaigh dhuit ga treachailt,
'Sgu'm bi 'n uair nach bu mhaslach e dhò.
Ach na 'm b' aithne dbomh d' àireamh,
'S ùr a' choill as an d' fhàs thu,
Shiol nam fiaeachan àrd bu mhòr stoirm.
Mac Ghill-Eathain air thus leat,
Agus larla na Ciiile,
Leat mac lonmhuiun bho liichairt
Chrò.
Leat mac .Shimidh mòr uaibhreach,
'S larl Antruim sec chualas,
Lochlann leat an am bualadh, 's bi choir.
■ Aitbris gach ceithreamh da uair.
An am tighinn do n fheasgar,
'S mòr m'ionndrain, 's cha bheag i,
Mheudaichiomnadh nam fleasgachmobhròn.
Mi ri feitheamh na foiche,
'S fir an òrdugh dol seachad,
Ach cha lèir dhomh fear d' fhaicinn na 'n
coir.
Duin'-uasal treun sgairteil,
Ur gleusta ro bheachdail.
Fear fial dha na bhaisteadh Niall òg.
Abracf/
GUTH 0 CHANADA.
A'Ghàidheil rùnaich,
Is ann le toileachas mòr agus le deadh-dhùr-
achd a chuirinn failte 'us fui-an oirbh agus
a labhruiun mu'r timchioll na briathran
aosda: "An la 'chi 'snach fhaic:" "Gu'ra
slàn agus gu'm fortunach a bhitheas sibh,"
Gun teagamh buiuidh dhuibh cliii 'us mol-
adh do bhri'j,h gu'm bheil sibh a' deanamh
oidheirp ghasda air canain bhlàth nan
Gàidheal a chumail suas agus a sgaoileadh
gu pougail anns an dùthaich iir fharsuing
so. Tha bhur sgiamh boidheach, grinn.
Tha bhur sgeadachadh tiachdmhor. Thug
sibh cheana dearbhadh làidir seachad gur è
bhur run suidhichte onoir a chur air cainnt
bhlasda nam beann. Tha c soilleir mu ni
gach Gàidhoal anns an duthaich a dhleas-
annas do 'r taobh, nach bi è comasach focal
a labhairt an aghaidli bimr snu idh agus 'ur
dichioll. Is iomadh latha o'n chunnaic iad-
san tha measail air a Ghàilig "Cuairtear"
'n an cainnt fein. Gun amharus tha bhur
bàigh ri tir nam beann 'us ri cleachduiunean
nan Gàidheal araon làidir agus cliiiiteach,
Ged nach 'eil Canada fathast ach ann an
tiis a mòrachd 'sa beartais; feumar, aideach-
adh gu'n d' riun siol nan gleann agus clann
nan Gàidheal mòran cheana a chum an
diithaich anns am bheil sinn a' tuiueachadh,
a thoirt air a h-aghaidh gu iubhe urramach^
àrd. Tha paipeireau naigheachd gun àir-
eranh air an sgriobhadh ann am Beurla
agus ann an cànainean eile. Bhitheadh è
na ni brònach, tàmailteach, mata, gu'm
bitheadh a' Ghàilig gu tur gu'n leabhar no
paipear anns am faoiladh gach neach leis an
aill uaigheachdan an t-saoghail a leughadh
agus a thuigsinn anu am briathran maiseach
Oisein. Chi mi gu soilleir gu'm bheil turus
maith roimhibh, oir tha iomadh Gaidheal
anns an duthaich a tha toilichte agus aigh-
earrach bho 'n thog sibh an seòl meadhoin
180
AN GAIDHEAL.
Para Mlos a» FhogharaiOh, 1872.
acrus a Rgaoil sibh 'ur bri'iiioan geala ris an
t-£()iil>lieas. Tlia Canada 'smibhcachadli
on liiiith: a^^us tlia mi 'creiilsimi gu 'in bi
agbaitas a's mddba, agus (lichioU a's airde
air -in noclidadh anns an aiinsir a tha li
teaclui. Tha farsuingeachd anabarrach
an!is an duthaich; tha leaiann toirach,
domhainn ann an ioinadii cciirna; tha
rathaidean iaruiiin a nis ag ioinachd air
feadli cuibhrionn mhòr de'n tir; tha lorhan
nU'^o .114 us abhnaicheau tana a^ainn naoh
'eil aig tir air bith eile; tha eòlas 'us sai)rsa
air freumh laidir a ghabhail am measg an
t-sluHÌj,h. Nach 'eil againn, niata, aobhar
sonruiehte 'blii g' ainbaiic ri fortan mòr.
agus ri soirbheachadh paillt anns na laith-
ean a iha air thoiseach oirnn? '1 ha mi
«arbsach agus dòchasach gu 'in bi laithi^an
sunndach, fada air am buib-achadh oirbhsa
agus gu'n giidain sibh inmadh stigradh.
gean 'us toileachas-iiintinn do liach (iai.lh-
eal a bhitheas anu an ioiiadin iomallach na
duUicba a' deanamh dachnidh bhuuaiteach
dha fein agus mar so a' fosgbidh suas na
duthdia. O'n tha'n seol nieadhoin a ni-
an àird agus am biita air bioilleauli a'
chuaisi, tlia mi 'n dòclias gu'm bi gauth
fhàbli.irach daonnan a' lionadh nam breid-
ean; agus gu'm bi 'n long ur eireachdail so
furasda 'stiùradh agus a gleiiiheacjh aim
an uidheam thogarrach. Tha sibh a'
gealltuinn gu'n iniiidi sibh le ceum a's
luaitho agus a's treise aim an ùin
ghniiid. Ni bhur càinlean tjàinieachas an
truth a thogas sibh ur f-eann ni 's airde
agus a sgaoileas sibe a niach tuille breidean
ris an t-soirbheas. 'Ilia ini i:lè cliinnteach
gu'm f'eum sibh cuideachadh agus aoidli-
I eachd fhaotainn aim an iomadh xlachaidh
. agus aig iomadh teine. Bu ni tamailteach
j a thachradh da rireadh, na'n diultadh
i nridlie Gàidlicil air bith ar>iiih('arhd a thoirt
di'.lbh agus còmhnadh adhcauamh le minrn
's iu ilaclid ieibh, Na bilheatlh ioghiiadh
' oirbh mu ni mise (iichioll air litir a sgriobh-
adh a uis agus a rithist do bhiir n-ioimsuidli.
; Is mise aig an am,
A' Ghàidheil rìinaich,
ilhur caraid dileas,
"COxX.V."
♦ 0
LITIR A CEANN-A'-GHIUi;iISAlcn.
A' filiàidheil rimaich,
pf C'eadaichibh dhonih failto cbvidlioil a
cliur oiibh As an earrann so de 'n duthaicii.
Tha uii 'cluiuntinn, agus mar an ceu<lna^
leughadh, gu'm bheil sibh a' faighinn mòran
litrirhean taitiieacli o 'ur càirdean As gach
ce:\riiaidh de 'n cliruinuo. Agus am bheil
sin iongantach? Ud, ud, cha-n-eil. 'Sann
bu choir do gach (iàidlioal aig am bheil
peis d'a dhùthaich, d'a chinneach, agus d'a
chànain — 's mar oil speis aige do gach aon
<liubh sid, cha Ghaidhkal e — clach-
chuimhne 'thogail an ait eigin air feadh na
tìàidhealtachd air son an latha 'rugadha
lei (hid de ghaisgeach ruibii Na smuan-
aicbibh idir gum bheil mi gu bhi a' brosgal
no a' sotal ruibh. Chuala sibb bho 'ur n'òige
nach d' thig an còta glas cho math do na
h-uile fear: agus sann mar sin a dh-eirich
dhomh-sa 's do 'n bhrosgal — cha d' thig e gu
math dhomli.
Tha mi faicinn ann bhur ]iaipear luach-
mhor gu'm bheil sibh a' faighinn beagan
btrichean air bheag briglie — eadhon, feadh-
ainn leibeideach, dhroL'h-"ile!nach mar a
. buir "Niall Criibr.ch" thugaibh. Tha mi
gle thoiliclite leis na freaciairtean geur, tap-
aid h, a tha sibh a' tabhairt do uile-biastan
de'n t-seòrsa ud. Sa h-uilo duine liabh
(liul)h ma dh' innnsaicheas e an ailndeal, cha
bhi ach sineadh air beumadh, 'sair faotainn
cion do Ghàilig a's nif dh litreachaidh
muinntir eile. Tha Mr. Disraeli ag radh gur
h-iad na tiolpadaii'ean, buidhf ann air an do
dh-fhairtlich gach seòrsa de sgriibhadh, —
agus air an aobhar sin 's eiginii doibh siu-
cadh air smàdadh na muinntir a tha ealanta
air. 'J'ha. mi a' creidsinn gu maitii gu'm bi
■ n seòrs.i ud 'g ar trioblaideachadh; — 's
cha 'n una mise ch intuinn aig a' cheart am
so nach i sin a' cheai'tobair a blr aig "Niall
( 'rubach." Ma bheir sibh te irt idir orra na
caomhiiaibh a' Ghiàisg, innsibh iad-iheiu
dhoibh, innsibh dhoibh nach d'thig as a phoit
ach an toit a bhios inutc. Ach cieidibh-sa
mi.sp, 's thoiribh dhiom na cluas ^n mar eil
mi ceart, an uair a their mi gur he umaidh-
can, b'tli-chiallaich, no bleideirean air chor-
('ÌL;in de'n t-seòrsa sin a bhios ris a ghniomh
tnhi-chliuiteac!i air an i-obh mi a' labhairt.
Hha mi ro-thoilichto leis an dara litir a chuir
" liimasdach" tbugiibh agus cho ciallach's a
bibliair e air a' cheart scòrsa rau 'ii robh mi
Ibein a' labhairt. Tha mi 'faicinn nach do
cliuir an duine coir (mas e duine no boir-
caniiach a th' agam) litir no dad eile gus A'
'iHAiDTiRAL mu dheircadh, ach tha mi'n
ddcbas nach do chaidil e air son sin. Thug
ini gus a' so air cainueadh na Gràisg a bhios
a' faighinn cron do na Ghailig; ach le 'r
cead-sa their mi-fhein focal no dha ruibh a
, Miosan FhogliaraiJh, 187
AN GAIDHEAL.
181
nise mu dheibhinn oran a chuir sibh anus
A' GrHAiDHEAL mu dheireaclli; asrus tha mi
'n (lochas nach saoil sibh gur li-aiin ri tiol-
padaireachd a tha mi. 'Sfliada bho mo
ch ill e, f hiv mo chridhe. "S aun a tha mi
air son beagan a radh ruibh ann an spiorad
bnitliiail. 'Se an t-òran a tha mi a' ciall-
acb.adh, "Duanag a' Chiobair." Tha-n
t-oran gun teagamh gle chridbeil, deas-
bl'jiathi-ufih ; ach ged a tha, de 'thug air an
ii.;h*'^'' ^ Icithid a chantuiun mu mhaigh-
dioiian a' bbaile sol Smuanaichibh fein,
fbir mo chridhe, air an ranu so:
"Ged a ebruinn'cheadh an dùtliaich.
Gu f(?ill Chinn-a'ghiiibhsaifh,
Cha bhindh te ami do 'n dnraujbui p('</."0)
Nac-h fiDV a thuirt an sean-fbocal. "A'
.chailleach, an gabh thu 'iìgh?" — "Cha
ghabb o'n nach gabh e mi," Tha maigh-
dionan anns a' bbaile bheag so, cho llàth, 's
cho maiseach 'sa tha fo'n Chriin Bhreat-
uinnoach. 'N uaiv a chi mi prasgan diubh
a' dol seai^had an ivathal mòr teòj;liaidli mo
chridhe riù — ^ach te dhiubh cho gràdhach,
's cho flnyaUa, agus gum moladh Oisean iad
mar a mhol e Mala-mhin. Tha mise cinut
each, f'hir mo chridhe, na'n tachradh dhuibh
a thighinn a chaoidh an taubh so, gun cuir-
eadh sibh leis gach focal a thuirt mi mu ribh-
innean seirceil 'HJhinn-a'-ghiiibhsaich. Ach
'sa'cho-dhimadh innsidh mi sgeulachd bheag
dhuibh: Hha madalh-ruadh ann roimhe,
agas air dha a bhi 'fa'bh an fhàsaich air
latha liorrani toth, dh thus e ro phàiteach
's cha romh uisge no ni air bith eile .anna
chaisgeadh iota. M u dheireadh de chunnaic
e ach craobh fhion-dhearcan. Bha na fion-
dhearcan ro bhiiagha, na h-uile aon diubh
abuich, agus iad cho lionmhor 's gun roiiih
iad a liibadh barraibh nam mcangail. Ars'
an sionnach, '"S ann domh a rug an cat an
cuilcan; du na 'th" ann an sin do fhion-
" dhenrcan, gach aon diub'i cho maiseach 's
cho Ian; 'siad a, chaisgeas ino thart.'' agus an
so thug e leum suas ris a' chraoibh an diiil
gu'm biodh Ian a chra^'is aige tighinn air ais
Ach leibeidean, cha d' fhuair e 'm bainae; —
cha ruigeadh e litli na slighe gus na fion-
dhearcan. Leim e, 's leini e, ach ged a
bhitheadh e a' leum fhathasd cha dtanadh
e tiirn. Mu dheireadh dh'ihalbh e, agus,
ars' esan. " Tha mi coma dhe na fion-dhearc-
an, — tha iad goirt!" — Cha-n-eil mi ag radh
nach do bhlais còrr 's an sioiinach bochd air
fion -dhearcan goirte.
An dòchas nach dean sibh orm-sa mar a
rinn sibh air "Niall Criibach,"
Is mi bhur seirbheiseach umhal
CALLUM.
Ceann-a'-Ghiubhsaich, Ceud "t
Mios an FhogharaiJh, 1872.. /
LTTIR 0 EUNASDACH.
A' Ghàidheil Rùnaich,
Aig an am so de'n bhliadlma cha'n'eil
aon aig am bheil sgillinn ruadh ri 'chosd
agus nair de dh' iiine ri 'sheaehnadh, nach
fag othail agus ùpvaid a' bhailo mhòir ah*
son sàmhchair na dvithcha agus àile glan
nam beanu. Ma thug sibh sgriob timchioll
a' "Bhroomielaw" na cinnuidhe an eich
iarruinn chunnaic sibh le 'ur siiilean fein na
bha de shluagh a' fàgail a' bhaile. Gu sòn-
ruichte air seachdain na Faireach shaoileadh
neach gur ann a bha a' phlàigh an Glaschu
is a h uile fear riamh a' teicheadh le a bhean
's a chlann, gu ionad tearuinte. Nis 'us
ciataoh an cleachdadh so, oir tha di cine' tha
fad na bliadhna mhòr air an tachdadh la
toit a' bhaile feuniach air aon l;\n beòil de
àile ghlan, agus is mòr an t-ùrachadh
dhoibh sealladh de na machraichean uaine
agus de'n fhraoch bliadanach ghorra. Na
saoilibh, mata, gur ann a' faotainn coire
do 'n chuis a tha mi. Cha 'n ann idir, oir
is ann a tha mi 's an ];in bharail gum bheil
làithcan cluiche, mar theirear riu, tuilidh is
tearc againn, 's e sin na 'm biodh iad air an
gnathachadh air an dbigh so a chum slàinte
a's falaineaclid a thoirt do 'n chreubh trid
turns a ghabhail "a sios an t-uisge" no
taobh cigin eile, far am biodh dragh as
cnram, toit is gleadhraicli a' bhaile mhòir
air am fagail na'n deigh. Ach am bheil
sibh a' feòraich, ciod a th'agamsa ri dhean-
adh ris a' cbleachdainn sin ? Tha direach a
chum an aobhar, a thug orm-sa nach cuala
sibh uara air a'mhios adh'fhalbh, adheanadh
soileir dhuibh. Tha fhios agaibh gu'm
bheil an sean-fhocal ag radh gur "fearr a
bhi iis an tsaoghal na as an fhasan" a's air
an aobhar sin thug mise am fireach orm
maille ris a' chòrr. Thug mi sgriob air
feadh nan garbh chrioch agus ruaig a' measg
eileanan Innse-gall, agus feudaidh sibh a bhi
cinnteach gur e sgriobhadh a bu lugha bha
air in aire. Bu leòir learn a bhi ag òl a
stigh an tsonais a bha sruthadh thugam o
bhi coimhead air beanntan mo ghaoil a's
a' bhi beachdachadh air àilleachd do-clioini
182
AN GAIDHEAL.
ri;.r.; Mi"f anrhoghaxaidh, 1872:.
•as, tir thuiniJh nan treun, no o 'bhi g" èisd-
•achd sgcula mu na làithean a dh' f halbh
a's mu na cleachdainnean ud a tha gu luath
a' dol as an t-sealladh am measg sgàilean
dorcha na h-aimsir a thrèig. Is ma bheir
sibhse agus 'ur luchd-leughaidh cead dhomh,
bheir mi o am gu am dhuibh cuuntas air
•uid de na nithean amaideach agus faoin a
bha aon uair air an Ian chreidsinn 'n ar tir.
Cha 'n 'oil mi idir a' saoilsin gum bheil c na
ni ccarr na nithean sin a chur air chuimhne
mu 'm b'lsaich iad gu builench. Tha ioma
aon diubh faoin gu leòir ach tha foglilum
us teag.isg annta aig am. Is eadhon ged
nach bitheadh idir, is airidh iad air cuimhne
a chumail orra do bhrigh gum bheil iad'
freagarrach a chum soluis a thilgeil air na '
h-amanan as air na cleaclidainean a tha
'nis air siubhal seachad a chaoidh. Is ann
0 na sgeulachdm, o na baotli bharailean
agus o na sean ubagan aig sluagh a tlia sinn
comnsach air eùlas fhaotainn air ciod i fior
eachdraidh pobuill agus ciod iad na smioint-
eanan agus na breitlmeachaidh a bughnàth
leò a bhi cleachdadh. Faodaidh mata
beachdachadh air na nithean ud a tha faoin
gu leòir annta fèin a bhi na ni buanachd'or
a chum ar neòlas a mheudachadh mu
dheibhin nan linntinn ud a tha gu hiath
ga'm follach fein a measg ceo nam bhadh-
naehan agus sgailean na h-aoise. Tha mi
an dòchas mata nach meas luchd-leughaidh
A'Ghaidheil, gu'm bheil mi gòrach, amaid-
each ged a bheir mi fo'n comhair iomadh
gisreag is iibag is barail fhaoin. Oir cha 'n
'eil mise, a' Leughadair ionmhuinn, gu'n
creidriinn ni's motha na thu fein, ach air
dhomh a blii 's an Ian bharail gu'm bheil
solus ri fhaotainn iomadh uair far an lugha
am bheil sùil ris, agus gliocas aig am fo
chleòca na h-amiideachd, tha mi am beachd
gur fhiach sean nithe nan Gàidheal aithre a
thoirt dhoibh. Maille ri iomadh ni eile a
tha air caochladh ann an tir nam Beann tha
beachdan an t-sluaigh mu na nithean amaid-
each ud air atliarracliadh mar an ceudua.
Agus is maith gum bheil, oir tha e 'n a
dhearbhadh gu'm bheil fòghlum 'us eòlas a
dol am raeud, agus luchd-àitcachaidh nan
garbh clirioch a' fas ni's tuigsiche. Ach is
f hcudar dhomh aideachadli 'nuair a thairneas
mi coimeas eadar staid na Gàidhealtachd
mar a tha i nis ague mar a bha i 's rui liun-
tin a dli' fhalbli gum bheil mi iomadli uair
ann an teagarah a thaobh na chisc, agus air
uair cha 'n 'eil e cho soileir dhomh gu'm
bheil ciiisean air caochladh, anns gach ni a
chum na cuid is fc'irr. Tha a thaobh an ni-
80 "d;'i thaobli air a' Mhaoil." Air aon.
taobh tha be.'uuichdan 'us buanachdan ri
am faicinn, air an taobh eile, tha tiamhachd
agus bròn. A thaobh na 'm buanachdan,
thàinig rathad na Gàidhealtachd, faodaidh
mi na nitliean a leanas a chomharachadh a
mach. Tha sgoilean agus caglaisean air an
suidlieachadh ann an iomadh gleann uaig-
neach agus air iomadh eilein cuain far an
robh aig aon am meadhona teagaisg agus
gràis gle thearc. Tha rathaide mora air an
deanadh air feadh nan garbh chrioch, a chum
is gum feud carbad nan ceithir each, dol
troimh na glinn is fiadhuiche cho socrach
rc'idh is air cabhsair a bhailcmhòir. Tha mac
talla nan creag a" co-fhreagairt do sgriach
an eich iarruinn agus do dh' f huaim rothan
nan carbad aige fe.idh ghleanntan'us bheann-
tan na h-airde tuath far am bu chruaidh
ann an linn ar n-.ithraichean do ncach an
rathad a dheanadh n i chois. Tha bàta na
smuide air eileauan iom ilach Innse Gall
agus air Lochan fasgach na h àirde n' iar a.
thoirt ro dhldtli do 'u bh;.ile so againn. Tha
trid so iom id goireas aig luchd-àiteachaidh:
ni Gàidhcaltaclid n.ich robh aig an athr.dch-
ean. Tha eadhon an iuuleichd iougantach
sin, a tha air cearcal a chur air an t-saoghal
air a leithid a dhòigh is gun d'thig naidh-
eachd ann am priobadh n i sdl o America
fein, air cuid do na heileiueau a thoirt cho
dliith oirnn is gum feud neach ann am
Muilc no lie (ma tha cuid thasdan aige ri
chosd) còmliradh a chumail ri a charaid ann
an Glaschu mar gum biodh iad nan suidhe
rau choinncamh a cheile aig an aon bhord.
Tha mar so gun Lcig imli iomadh caochladh
aigh air tighinn air tir nan Treun, o na
làithean ud anns an robh aa Finneachan do
ghnàth ann an'naimhde s d'a cheile — o na
iinntin anns an robh suil gun leigeadh gach
Ceann Feadhn.i òg air dha teachd a chum
a thighcarn is f haicinn a thapadh agus a
threubliautas trid a chreicli a thogal o
fhcaran a clioimlicarsnaich, agus anns am bi
a cliulaidh spuirt a bu togaraiche a bha aig
'ur n atbraioliean a bhi mort 'sa spuincadh
nan Gall. Tha e nis mòran nis furasda agus
nis sàbhailte dj Baailidhe in Ghlaschu
cuairt a thoirt feadli nan g irbh chrioch na
bha e anns an linn anns an robh Bailie
N'icol Jarvic cho treun agus sgriob a thoirt,
fo cheannsal Rob Ru.idh .slhic Griogair, a
dh' fhaicinn maise nan Troisichean, àiU-
eachd Loch-Cliatrioua agus garbh shlios
Blicinn Lomuinn. Ach ged a tha so uile
DaraMìosaii F'aogharaiJh, 1S72.
AN GAIDHEAL.
183
fior, agus ged a tha gacli Gaidlieal ro thàing-
cil air a shon, thit gidheadh aiharraichcan
eile air teachd nnn an lorg nan nithean sin
a lionas mo chridlie le tianihachd agns bròn
gach uair a bheir mi ruaig air feadli Gàidh-
ealtachd mo Gliaoil. Tlia trid nan goireasan
ud agns o aobharan eile, luach fearainn air
àrdachadh a chum is gum bheil na Tigh-
earnan trid gaol nam màltan mora air iom-
adh gleann tiond agus sratli tirbbach a
cliur fas a chum caoraich a chur an aite nan
daoine. Is fada on a thubhairt an Slan-
aighear Be-.nnuichte "Cia mòr is feùrr duine
na caoni?" Acli cha'n'eil uair a bheir mi
cuairt feadh ionada fnsa tir mo dhuthchais,
nacli d'thig an smuain ann am aire gur
eigin, nnch-eil an earainn sin ann am
Biobul Tighearna Fearain na Gàidhealtaclid
idir, no gum bheil iad fein is an luchd
gnothaich air solus ùr fhaotainn oirre, oir
tha an deanadas a' cur an coill gur i a bhar-
ail acasan gur mòr is feàrr caora na duine.
Is tha iad air an aobh;.r sin air an t sluagh
f hògradh is aii- iomadh srath bòidheach agus
gleann àillidh f hàgail nam f àsaichean tiamh-
uidh. Far an robh iomadh dachaidh
chomhfhurtachail, anus an robh sluagh
moralta, diadhaidh ■,.g gabhail còmhnuidh,
cha'n'eil a nis ach na liatli liithraichean
Thug ainneart fògraidh uainn iad,
'Sleis na coimhich buaidh mar "s àill,
Leis na flniair 's na chunnaic iiiise,
Biodh am fios so aig a' Bhàrd.
Cha 'n fhaigh an dc^irceach fasgadh,
Na 'm fear astair fois o 'sgios,
No 'n Soisgeulach luchd disdeachd, —
Bhuadhaich eucoir Goill is cis.
Tha nathair bhreac na lùban
Air na h-iirlair far an d' fhàs
Na fir mhòr a chunnaic mise,
Thoir am tios so thun a Bhaird."
'X uair a bheachdaicheas mi air na h-ath-
arrachuidli so uile, ged tha mi ullamh gu
leùir gu aideachadh gum bheil iomadh
caochladh maith air tighinn air a' Ghàidh-
ealtachd, gidheadh thig tiamhachd air
m'anam agus tiomadh air mo chridhe tra
'chuimhnicheas mi air na làithean ud anns
an robh "aiteas is àgh feadh nan gleann,"
mar bha an oidhche fhada gheamhraidh air
a cur seachad ann an cidrdeas agus ann an
cridhealas, le toimhseachain, iirsgeulan agus
cleasan gun lochd, le iomradh air cliù na
Fcinne agus le aitliris dàin Oisein is a cho-
luchd ciuil. Is ged a tha solus is àirde a
nis air sgaoladh ann am measg na fuigheal
a dh' fhàgadh do shiol nan trcun, na na
sgeulachdan faoin ud, cha 'n '3ÌI f hios agam
fuara, agus na tolmain fheurach ghorm gu ' ^leo air thàing gach neonachas d'an d' thug
fiiinuis a thoirt air na bha. Air an Leith- | iad geill nach robh toiseach aca oirnne a
thir thorrach far an cluinnte ann au ciiun I dhaindeoin ar bòsd as ar mòit mu ar neòl-
shàmhchair an anmoich sliamhruidh guth 1 as, ann an iomadh subhailc agus biiaidh
nan salm ag èiridh o ioma.dh altair teagh- mhaiseacb. Oirbhacaoimlineasa'scàirdeas,
laich, le co sheirm thiamhnidh bhinn cha
bhuail fuaim air a' chluais an diugh, ach
mèilich nan caorach bàna agus tabhaim
madadh breac a' chiobair ghallda. Da rh--
eabh "Iselionmhorachd nan caorach, chuir
dann nan daoin' ;iir alaban." Oir tha e
fior mu iomadh ceàrn do tliir gharbh na
h-Alba, mar thubhairt am Bard lleach mu
Eilein glas an f heOir, far an d' i'buair e
nvacli.
"Tha tigbean scalbh na dli' fhàg sinn
Feadh an fhninn 'n an cavnan,
Dh' fhall h "scha till na Gaidheil
Siad an t-àiteach, cur 'us buain,
Tha stèidh nan Uuach tiumhuidh
A' toirt fianuis air 'sag ràdh;
Mar a fhuair 's a chunnaic mise
Leig am fios so thun a' Bhaird.
Cha chluinnear luinneafj Oighean,
Seist nan òran air a" chldith,
'S cha 'n f haiccar sp.ji'I mar 'b' àbhaist
A' cur lùir lur faichu ioi ih. '
mòralachd a"s dcagh bheus ri fhaotuiun
nam measg a dh' f haodadh nùire a chub"
oirne an diugh. Bha iad aoidheil agus
tabhartach ri bochdan, rachadL furan fàilte
a chur air a' choigreach, i-^ a bheatha dhean
adh ged nach biodh boiin 'na sporan, u's
rachadh gabhail .age gu maith is gu roth
mhaith, gun pheighinu, gun chain. Na 'n
tugadh e làmh air paidheadu air son a
shuipcir 's a leabaidh, cha ghabhta uaith e,
is gheiblieadh e mar fhrcagrirt, 'Ud, ud,
is gann an t-earrf.ch fiij^ an cunntar na
faochagan. Cha'n'eil sini chr> galida is
sin fhathasd." Ged n:.ch biodh =òr fheiim
mata anns na sean nithean ^in r^a mi 'sa
bheachd gum biieil lid aUhr.ah air aite
fhaotuinn air taobh duilLagan A" Ghaidh-
EIL, do bluigh is gum bheil iad m ir than-
asg sgaileach nan laithean a dh' fbalbh, a
dh-uiigeas iomadh aigne *:hlà, agu- cuimh-
neachan tlnam'.uidlj anu a:., b.oilleach
muinntir a tha an diugh math dh' fhaodta
fadu fada o sgàile nam fuar bheann. Oir
184
AN GAIDHEAL.
Dara ViosanFhogharaidh, 187J.
tha sgeiila na h-aimsir a dh' fhalbh, cha "n e '
mhain mar ghath soluis don inam, ach
mar fhuaim thiamhuidh nan caocliain uisge
ann an gleann iiaigneach fasail "'nuair
a thuitcas sg;\ilc na hoidhche, mar gum
b' ann a* caoidh na bha," no mar ghaoir
iosal mhuladach nan tonn air feasgar cmin
anns a' cheitinn, a gbiùile ,nas air falbh an
t-anam gu beachd smuiin, agus breillmach-
adh air se.ismhachd nàduir agus a b-obair,
agus air neo-nitbeacbd fhalasnc'.i gincil
chlann daoine. Ma bbcir sibb cead dhomb
mata bbeir mi ann an litir eile iomradb air
cuid do na nitbcan sin. Aig an am is mi
'ur Caraid. RUNASDACH.
Glaschu, air Cluaidh, \
CeuUMios an Fhogharaidh 1872,. /
NAIGHEACHDAN.
Tha crioch a nis air a' Pharlamaid; agus
an uair a leughar uirghioll na Ban-rijj;h, tha
e soirbh ri fhaicinn gu "n deach barrachd
obair a dheanamh am bliadhna, air son
gnothaichibh na diithcha— araon aig an
taigh a's thairis — a thoirt air an aghairt
na chaidh a dheanamh o cheann iomadh
bliadhna. Mu dheighinn na ceiste chud-
thromaich a bha eadar sinn fhein agus na
Staidibh Aonaichtc, tha e taitneach ri inn-
seadh gu'm bheil e coltacli ris gun teid
crioch shiochail oirre; agus nach bi i fada
na ceap-tuislidh air son a bhi 'gàrach mi-
run eadar an da rioghachd. Cha ruig sinne
leis gacli ni a th'air an ainmeachadh anns an
uirghioll Kioghall a chur sios air duilleagaibh
A' Ghaidheii.; foghnaidh e dhuinn a chant
uinn, gu'm bheil a chuid as honmhoire dhe
'n t-sluagh taingeil air son, agus, toilichte
leis, na chaidh de ghnothaichean na riogh
achd a dheanamh air a' bhliadhna so.
Tha na Sasunnaich a nise 'sgaoladh feadh
na duthcha, mar as cleachdach h-o aig an
am so. Tha mòran diubh air tigliinn thun
na_ Gàidhealtachd. Air feadh an Eilein
Sgiathanaich, gu deimhinn air feadh nam
Beann uile, tha iad cho lionmhor ris na
meanbh-chuileagan. Tha tlachd mòr aig
na Sasunnaich ann a bhi 'gamharc air hxA
bhcanntaibh na Gàidhealtachd, agus gun
teagamh tha seallaidhean dc'n t-scorsa 'g
àrach smuaintinean maiseach, oirdhearc.
ann an cridheachan air bith aig am bheil an
gradh is lugha do obair a' chruthaichidb,
»gus diomhaireachd obair nàduir. Tha na
Gàidheil a tha a ghnàth a' measg nam
beann 's nan gleann air fas cho eòlacli air
gach scalladh a tha ri fhaicinn agus gu'n
bheil mòran diubh nach saoil dad sam bith
^0 na ccart-sheallaidhean a thogadh si
cridheachan nan Gàidheal 'sa' bhaile. Mar
gach neach eile tha a' Bhan-righ fhein
tiffhinn gu math gu tuath air an Fhoghar
Tha iomradh air gum bheil i gu pàirt
de 'u iiine a cliur seachad cuide ris an Diùc
Chat'ìch a'n Dim-Roibin. Tha muiuntir
Inbhir-nis ro dheigheil air gu'm fan i ùin«
gheàrrna'm baile bòidheach fhein; agus
chaidh dithis dhaoine urramach, iProbhdst
Mac-Choinuich agns a roirah-shealbhadair,
Maidscar Lyon Mac-Choinnich) 'ga cuircadh
gu tàmh aig Inbhir-nis 's an dol seachad.
Tha fear de phaipearan naigheachd Inbhir-
nis ag ràdh gu'm biodh e ro iomchuidh
clach-chuimhne "chuir suas anns a' bhaile
air son a tàmha. Tha iad a' meas gun- cosg
a' chlach so (ma bhios a leithid ann) corr air
mile punnd Sasunnach — ach ciod e dh'aith-
nicheas muiuntir Clacli-na-cudainn sin
uatha ?
Thug Ban-impire nam Frangach agus a
mac cuairt feadh na Gàidhcaltachd air a
mhios a chaidh seachad. Bha i ann am
Biddeanach, ann an Lochabar, 's anns an
Eilein Sgiathanach. Bha an dùthàich a'
taitinn ro mhath rithe. Tha feadhainn-a
thàinig 'na car air an t slighc ag innscadh
gu'n robh bruidhiun mhor aice air son lite,
' s gach seòrsa bidhe eile a's cleachdach a
a bhi aig na Gàidheil. Tha i ag ràdh nach
coir do na Gàidheil a Gh;aiig a leigeil bàs;
agus gun teagamh sam bith tha i ag inn-
seadh na firinn. 'Nuair a bha i anns an
Eilean Sgiathanach bha iomradh mòr aice
air a' Phrionnsa 'sair Fionnghal nighean
Raonuill Mhic-Aonghais òig. !Mu"n do dh-
fhàg i an t eilean sgriobh i ann an leahhar
itn Itichd tatliaich 's an taigh-òsda, anns a'
chaiunt Fhrangaich: — "B' fheàrr Icam ^u'n
romh an t-eilean so, ris am bheil iomad co-
cheangal an eachdraidh agus anns am bheil
lanntair cho oirdhearc, air a thaghal le luchd-
turais, agus air a mhcas leoth'a mar bu ch(Mr
da a bhith.
Tha am bàrr fior mhath anns gach cearu-
aidh dc'n (Ihàidhealtachd; ach tha sinn a'
faighinn cunnlas gu'm bhel an gaiseadh
anns a' bhuntàta ann an àitean.
Tha iasgach an sgadain gu math air dcir-
cadli am bliadhna. Ged a chaidh niòrau a
ghlacadli ann an ùitean, cha 'n 'eil e idir
cho math 's a blia c mu'u tide so an uiridh.
Tiia an aimsir glc fhliuch am bitheantas.
Air a' mhios a chaidh seachad bha crith-
; ìaxa, Mio3 an Fhogharaidh, 1872.
AN GAIDHEAL.
185
C ;h;ilmhuinn ann an àiteiin de 'n Ghaidheal-
;aclid, ach cha deach c.ill sam bith a dhean-
imh.
NITHE NUADH AGUS SEAN.
Thuir grliflh do na h uile; dean enrbsa rf
beagan; na dean olc do iieach; bi a'd' fhear
dùlain an neart ni 's mo na 'n cleacbda'di;
agus glèidh do chaiaidfo inchair do bbeatha
fèin; fuilinir bacadh air son a bbi sàmhach
agus na togar cis dhiot a chaoidh air son a
bhi labhrach.
Facail 's am bith anns am bbeil tbu ag
innseadb do sgeòii mur 'eil iad atoirt do
mhuinntir eile na brigh a tha thu fein a'
toirt asda, dia'n'eil thu a' d' fhear labhaiit na
fìrinn o d' chridhe.
Tha neart agus urram duinea' comh-sheas-
amh 'n a reuson ; tha gach ni a dhorchaicheas
t no a mhilleas an comas inntinn luachmhor
Ì so, a' lagachadh,a'lughdatliadh,'sa' deananih
I Beach suaracli.
[! Seakgaidh maise ann an ùine ghcìirr, ach
r mairidh subhailc agus tahinn maille ruiun,
Nagus mar a's aosda a tlia eina a' fas 's ann
a's fearr a tha ihd a' dol.
Tha Bòidhichead ni's miosa na deoch
liiidir; tha i a' cur an neach anns am hheil i
agus an ncach a tha 'g amharc oirrc air mhisg.
TGIMHSEACHAI>^.
1. T]>a mi ni 's airde na beanutaibh an
domhain,
Agus gun bhreug thamoleudyun tomlias,
Cumaidh 'n sealgear mi suas, 'an cluais
a ghunua,
Ged tha mi ni's truime na mile tunna.
2. Skird' 6 na na beanntan,
'S doimhne e na 'm muir,
'Sgi^ire e na"n draighionn dubb,
'Smilse e na 'mhil.
3. Cha n eil <; muigli, 's cha n cil e staigh,
'Scha tig an taigh ds eugmhais.
4. Tri bà breaca 'n cois nan leaca.
Nach do bhleodhnadh deur d' am bainne
riamh.
Ò. Tha bean thorrach 'sa' bhaile ud thall,
'Sge torrach i, cha bheir i clann;
Olaidh i 'm fion bharr a boise,
'S caol a coise troimli a ceann.
6. Teadhar fhada bhhn
'S i 'n a liimh daonnan.
Freagajrtean do na Toimhseachain anns
an t seathamh kireamh de'N Ghaii>heal.
J. Botul uisge bheatha.
2. Uaireadair.
3. An corraii buana.
4. An t uisge 's roth a' mbuilinn.
5. An hiath a falach nan eighlean.
6. Cearc.
SOP AS GACH SEID.
'S ann an uair a' s gainne 'm biadh is coir a
roinn.
'S mine m.in na gran; 's mine mnai na fir.
'S e lionmhoireachd na làimhe a ni obair
aotrom.
Ma their rni fhèin 'Hhu' ri mo chu, their a' h-
uile fear e.
Ma their thu na 's l^ir dhuit, their thu na 's
nhir leat.
'S call caillich a poca, 's gun tuilleadh a bhi
aice.
fs sàmbach an obair a' dol a dholaidh.
S fearr pilleadh "am meadhon an alha no bath-
adh uile.
Niiirc nam maighdeannan an luirgnibh nan
cailleachan.
Tha thu cho breugach 's a tha an luch cho
bradach.
Tuitidh ton cadar da chathair; 's tigheadas
eadar dh, mhuinntir.
Na toir droch mheas air mac luideagach, no
air loth pheallagach.
'N uair a chailleas duine a stòras cha 'n fhiii
a sheòladh no a chomhairleachadh.
'S ann aig an duine fein a'sfeàirfìosc' iiitam
bheil a bhròg 'g a ghoirteachadh.
FREAGAIRTEAN.
Slàn iomradh air "Callum a' Ghlinne."
Fhuair sinn an litir mhodhail,shuairce 'chuir
e thugainn. Chi e gu'm bheil sinn a dean-
amh ieuma dc phùirt de na bha innte. Gabh-
aidh sinn an còrr uaithe fhathast; ach 's eug-
ainn duinu inn*eadh da gur mur a's fearr
ieinn na seann thoimhscachain, ua an f headh-
ainn iira, se sin mar a bi an fheadhainn ùra
tìor mhath. Chi " Callum" gii'm bheil finn
a sgrlobhadh beatha "Challuim a' Ghlinne."
Ach 'siomadh bonaid gorm a lb' air an fheill,
a's air an aubhar sin tuigidh "Callum" nach
e bheatha sa 'tha againr.e 'n ar beachd.
Coma co-dhiu, "'Chalìum" lean thusa air
àbhachd do shinnseir, agus. cuimhnicb ged a
thachras iomadh bodachan gnu riut aig am
bheil fuath do gach ni dhe'n t seòrsa, nach
"toir iad fo'n iiir na's miigh' na bheir
Callum."
Chi "Gille nan rann" gum bheil siun'a
toirt "Slàn le Fionn-airidh anns a' Bheurla.
Bithidh ar luchd-leughaidh toilichte
FAILTE fhaighinn anns A' GuAiDHEALair
a' mbiosso,bho an "SGIATHANACH" air
an romh mùran diubh eòlach anns an t-seann
"Chuairtear."
Tha R. B. ag iarruidh oirnn a leth-sgeul a
ghabhail ri ar luchd-leughaidh air son niear-
achd beag a rinn e anns an àireamh mu dheir-
eailh a \haobh bèis an OUamh Leòdaich.
Chaochail an t-Ollamh Mac Leòid air IGmh
is cha-n ann air an 19mh mar tha air a chur
sios.
186 AN GAIDHEAL.
DaraMlosanFho
OPtAN MOLAIDH DO CHOMUNN NAN GAIDHEAL ANN Ai
BAILE THORONTO.
Le Eoghan Mac-Cholla.
Clad fàilte air Coniunn nan armnnn deas, foinnidh,
Ni diitbcbas an ath'raicliean 'cburaail a suas,
Seann dùtbclias nan Gàidbeal, an cliii a's an canain —
A' cbainnt sin a tbàinig Ijbo Adbainh a nuas —
Mar Bud a's an t-eideadli, air srùid no air sleibbte,
Ta uallacb, deas, eutrora — grinn, greadbnacb an snuadb;
Sàr-ebomunn mo cbridbel cba'n iogbuadb ged bbitbinn
'An so, mar is dbgheacb, a' guidbe leo buaidh.
Mo gb;iol na fir iira nacb cuireadb an cùl-tbaobb
Ri Ceob-aidb an dùlbcba — fìor dbiitbaicb nam Bard:
Bbo mbac rigb na Fèinne gu Donnacba Ban geur-bbinn,
Co 'n tir sin fo 'n gbrein air a b-aosdàin bbeir bàrr?
Co'n neach leis nacb solas j^bi 'n cuideacbd lucbd òrain?
Deagb iomradb 'n an cònibradb mo stor agus m' àgb;
Bi 'bb sil)bse nis dileas do cbleacbdiiinu co rlogliail,
'S a cbaoidb cba teid dltb air caiunt gbriuu nam beann-àrd.
€ba 'n eòl domb toil-inntinn is mo na bbi cluinntiun
Piob mbòr nan dos cnaimb-gbcal is fonnmboire fuaim;
'N uair tbeid i gu combraidb air faicbe no 'n seòmar
B' e'u ceòl tbar gacb ceòl learn a tòrman 'nam cbluais;
X am lannan a rùsgadb, 's na b-àrmuin do 'n run i
Air naimbdean a' briicbdadb le gnùisean gun gbruaim,
Suas "Gillean an Fbcile" air pioban deagb-gbleusacb,
'S cba duilicb ri leughadb co 'n taobb a gbeibb buaidb !
'S iad cleacbduinn nacb miosa gu neartacbadb cbriosa
'Bbi tilgeadb nan Cabar 's a' cur na Cloicb-neirt:
'S e sid a rinn làidir ar u-atbraicbean ta'cbdacb—
Mo tbruaigb iad 'tbig ceàrr orr' a' stàibnn nan glac!
Am fear leis an snaracb 'bbi 'galtrum no luaidb air
Gacb lùtb-cbleas grinn uasal ta 'n uair so 'n ur beacbd,
Cba deanainu a cbàineadb, ged 's cinuteaob a ta mi
Gur siocbaire grannd' e de db-àl air bbeag tblacbd.
Ged 's mitbicb nis dbòmb-sa 'bbi 'criocbnacbadb m' òrain,
Tba tuille gu leòir a bu mbiann leara a ràdb
Mu dbeigbinn ua tir sin tba daonan air m' inntinn —
Seann Albaiun do-cbiosnaicbt', do 'n fbirinn tbug grùdb,
Ciad soraidb tbar cbuan bbuam 'g a b-ionnsuidb, mo cbruadal!
Bbi 'n so mar cun fuadain fad' uaip' — acb ged 'tba,
Mq 'n tcid as mo smuainteau tir àluiun nan cruacb-bbeanu
Bitbidb 'n cridhe so f uar anns an luaitbre a' cnàmh !
ENGLISH DEPAKTMENT.
SEPTEMBER, 1872.
E HISTORY OF THE HIGH-
LANDS.
lere are few things more import-
» the Gael at this moment than
history of his country. It does
as if the language of the Gael
destined to be stamped out ere
If the history of the Highlands
the Highland people is not written
|l after that stamping out has taken
, I have no hesitation in saying
it never will be written. No one
fT'ending to any acquaintance with
h subject, acknowledges that there is
H] real history of the Highlands in
»rt. There are books on the subject,
re valuable in their way, and deserv-
u to be carefully studied, if it were
)F to see how very little they contain
jfjal Highland history, and to realise
bl duty devolving upon the present
»(eration of Highlanders. What has
b(a printed on this subject may almost
b( placed under this one head, — ^just
wit was necessary to the history of
Ejland and of the Saxon court in
Stìand.
iVhere are we to look for the mate-
ris with which to build up the very
ijjortant edifice of Highland history?
ilm afraid we are not so fortunate in
t s respect as the Irish have been. Ire-
1; d has been very much in the same
F'dicament with the Highlands in so
f as that her history, as written, has
Im just the western skirt, or fringe, or
f/ters of the History of England, and
irped, twisted and torn to suit the
Irposes of the garment to which it
Ts the draggled fringe. When the
tmachaidh of Erinn bethought them
of their duty in this respect, what did
they do? They set about ascertaining
and arranging the native materials,
chiefly in manuscript. Their country
had its own historians, its story-tellers
and its bards : it had its schools and its
places of retreat for the learned classes.
But, just as with us, these sources of
information were ignored by the writers
whose compositions were accepted in
England and Scotland as Irish history.
Even so patriotic — or pseudo-patriotic —
a man as Tom Moore wrote a "History
of Ireland," for the English booksellers,
and that work is accepted as genuine
history. Subsequently when the late
piofessor O'Curry was eng.ii^ed on the
old MSS. of his country in the rooms
of the Royal Irish Academy, the late
distinguished archroologist, Dr. Petrie,
and Tom Moore, paid him a visit. The
poet asked the professor what those
yellow tomes were upon which he was so
intent, and noticing the confusing
characters inserted upon their pages,
he inquired if the professor could de-
cipher them. O'Curry gave a brief
account of the MS. before him, and of
others of the same class, telling the
poet that he was transcribing and
translating it. " And I," exclaimed
the poet, "took upon me to write the
history of my country, and yet I did
not know of the existence of the mate-
rials from which it should have been
written !"
For a number of years, O'Curry and
O'Donnovau were engaged upon these
MSS., making facsimilies, copies, and
translations. Three volumes of results
have appeared, viz., '' The manuscript
materials of Irish History," and two
ISS
THE GAEL.
Sept., 1871
volumes of tlie Irish " Breliou Laws."
The former vohirae consists of a course
of lectures by O'Curry, giviug a sort of
popular introduction to tlie various
classes of Irish MSS., tracing their
history, their subjects, and their pre-
sent places of keeping. By the uhani-
mous testimony of all competent wit-
nesses, this is one of the most valuable
contributions of modern times, not only
to Irish history and archaiolog}', but to
all history. It is a work of which the
whole Gaelic race has reason to be
proud ; and more than that, it goes to
encourage us to set about doing for our
own branch of the Gaelic people what
O'Curry did for his.
I may mention here, that a very im-
portant contribution was made to the
materials of Irish history by the Ord-
nance survey of Irpland, although that
contribution is not included in the
volumes to which I refer. Whilst the
survey was going on, such men as
O'Curry and O'Donnovan were picked up
in their respective localities, the one
from Clare and the other from the
southern part of Kilkenny, and attached
to the statF of surveyors, for the purpose
of eliciting and utilizinj* the topo-
graphy of the country. Vast stores of
materials were thus collected besides
what were utilized in perfecting the
survey records; and among the private
MSS. of O'Curry will be found
treasures little inferior to what he has
published in his lectui-es. It is to be
hoped tliat these MSS. will not be
allowed to be forgotten and lost.
But I may be asked, " ^yhat analogy
is there Ijetween our case and that of
the Irish in respect to MSS.? We
have no manuscripts in our own
tongue?" Perhaps not; but perhaps
we have. There is not very long since
the .same thing would have been said of
Ireland. She liad no MSS. until they
were looked for ; and when looked for,
it was not always in her own libraries
they were found. Some of them were
found in Eome, some in Loraine, somi
at Oxford, and others at Stowe an(j
elsewhere. For any thing we know a!
this moment, there are scores of volume.)
of the same kind, pertaining to ou.|
country in the Tower of London and ill
Dumbarton Castle. What were th<
records which Edward carried awj_
with him from Scoilaud, and what beii
came of tlmm ? There is every reasoè'
to believe that they included Gaelic
records and other native productions.
No systematic and persistent search
has been made for them, or to discover
what was done with them. This is an
inquiry which I would call upon the
Gaelic Society of Inverness to under-
take. And to enable it to set about the
work in a business-like way, a fund
should be formed, and contributions
obtained even outside the member-
ship.
But there are traditions still extant
in the country which require to be
collected, compared, and arranged ; and
there are the legends and the romances
both in prose and verse, which must
perish with the Gaelic tongue if it is
destined so to go. This is another and
very important duty devolving upon
what we hope wnll shortly be recognised
as the premier Gaelic Society, having
as it has the privilege of being seated
in the centre of the Gaelic country.
The country must be mapped out for
the purpose of this gathering, and the
most competent men in each district
called upon to render service in this
cause. It is a very curious thin^ that
many of the legends, in particular,
which O'Curry mentions as existing in
Irish MS., should be found in various
stages of disentcgration, and, in some
cases, apparently in a more perfect
state, in tlie more secluded glens of our
mainland and in the most flistant and
inaccessible of our Western Isles? This
suggests the desirableness of more inter-
communication and co-operation be-
tween the Gaelic people in Scotland
3ept., 1872.
THE GAEL.
189
md in Ireland. For political purposes,
hey have been systematically antago-
nized and estranged ; and itis nouncom-
inon thing to find the Irish taking up
:he missiles prepared by the English,
lud slinging them at the Highlanders,
ust as Highlanders lend themselves for
( purposes of English prejudice to assail
j :he Irish. No history of the Highlands,
■ Worthy of its subject, can possibly be
put together, under the influence of the
1 intagonism to which I refer. In the
iame way! must apprise our friends in
Ireland of the loss they also sustain by
yielding to that vandal feeling in Eng-
land which sets Irish hands to scratch
the eyes out of Highland heads. It is
only with the assistance to be had from
the old Gaelic story-tellers in Barra
||and Kintail, that some of the Irish
(shoicest legends can be restored to any-
'tliing like their original i_>roportions and
finish. This we know ; and many more
things pointing to this interdependence,
arc equally certain, though not yet
quite so well known.
There is another analogy, however,
between the case of Ireland and our own
which I must mention here, viz., the
bearing of the Ordnance Survey. This
survey is at present going on in the
Highlands. Can any one tell what is
being done to fix the topography, to
elicit the traditions which may be said
to hang upon the topography, and to
preserve the scraps of lore which cannot
fail to turn up in the course of search-
ing for the meaning and the origin of
the names of places ? Here is an ad-
mirable opportunity afforded for col-
lecting vast quantities of the choicest
materials for Highland history. But to
,be turned to account, we must set com-
: peteut men to the work. Have we
I done so? Or have we given the sub-
' ject a moment's consideration ?
I have been told that there are
several Gaelic-speaking men employed
- on the Ordnance Survey, and that some
of them are devoted in a measure to
the work of elucidating Gaelic names.
I am further informed that at the head
office there is a competent Gaelic
scholar through whose hands every-
thing of this kind is made to pass ere it
is acceiDted as settled; and that in a
book accompanying each section of the
survey maps, there is a sort of digest
given of the topography. This is very
interesting, gratifying, and valuable,
so far as it gots; but there will be a
great quantity of matter, as I have
said, turned up in the course of the
Ordnance inquiries which, although
irrelevant to the purpose of the in-
quirers, should be carefully preserved,
and in our present chaotic state, we
do not know what on earth has
been done so as to insure its preserva-
tion. I would here suggest that
the Secretary to the Inverness Gaelic
Society should be instructed to write
to Mr. Carpenter, of the Ordnance
Survey at Southampton, to ascertain
what is being done, and what further is
necessary to be done towards turning
the work now in hand to the best ac-
count for the purposes of Gaelic His-
tory, philology and archa3ology. At
the same time, the Society should
establish relations, as quickly as possi-
ble, with the officers of the Survey
over the countrjs not only for the sake
of the objects for which the Society
exists, but in the hope of being of some
service in rendernig the Survey itself all
the more perfect.
Without moral or philosophy, I leave
these hurried suggestions to be pondered
by the readers of The Gael.
A FRAGMENT OF OSSIANIC
POETRY.
Through the kind attention of a
correspondent in Lochalsh we are glad
to be able to present to the attention of
our readers a genuine fragment of Ossi-
ajiic poetry that has never before
190
THE GAEL.
api)eared in print, the very existence of
which, indeed, is known to very few.
It is exceedingly interesting as a relic
of ancient poetry, for ancient it uiKjues-
tionably is, presenting in every line
abundant internal evidence of be-
ing the composition of a very remote
period. It has all the characteristics of
the poems attributed to O.ssian, the son
of Fingal, nor will Celtic scholars fail to
perceive its bearing upon the still
unsettled controversy as to the authen-
ticity and genuineness of the poems of
the Bard of Morven. One gladly wel-
comes even the feeblest ray of light or
elucidation of what many still persist
in considering a dark and mysterious
guestio vexata. Of the history of this
fragment our correspondent, a poet
himself of no mean order, writes as
follows: — "I have much pleasure in
sending you annexed a piece of very old
poetry — Osiàanic I think. It was taken
down from the recitation of an old
tailor who died in Kintail a few years
ago. I do not know where another
copy of it could be found, except one I
sent some years ago to the Rev. Thomas
Maclauchlan, now Dr. Maclauchlau of
Edinburgh. I shall be curious to hear
what you think of it."
BARUACHD DHEIREANNACH
OISEIN.
(a fragment.)
Seisear sinne saor o shliochd,
Seisear nach do smaoinich lochd,
Chaidh fear dheth 'n t-seisir fo lie, —
'S mòr fàth mo chlisgidh 'noehd.
Coigear sinne a' del air ghleus,
Sud e li-ugad Righ na Greig,
O'n 's dearbiita dlminn a del air chuairt,
Bhuineadh uainne fear dheth -n trend.
Ceathrar sinn a' sealg re seal,
A bhuidheanu anna 'nach gabh gior;
Air clio cruaidh 's dan cuirte leinn cath,
Bhuineadh uainne fear dheth na fir.
Triuir sinn 'an gniomhan cor,
'G aithrÌB thairis air chleas arm,
8hiubhail a' ghrian o ear gu iar,
'S bhuineadh u«iimt 'n triath gua ohealg.
Suidhidh sinn 'nar dithis a muigh;
Sgaoilidh sinn fo 'nar gean :
Thainig an t Aog mar bu dlighe,
'S bhuin e uarns' an dara fear.
Mise 'nam aonar 'nan deigh,
Cha bheatha dbon:h ach am bàs,
Cha tainig air thalamh 'nuas
Aon neach leis nach cruaidh an cà
'S mi 'n aon chnò cli-fhas 's a 'mhojj
Gun chnò eile n am fhasgath;
'S gearr mo bhogadh gu tuiteam,
'S a' ghaoth dol fodham gu farsuci
'S mi 'n aon chraobh a dh-fhas 's a'
Mar stoc a bhuaileas an fenn ;
Cha bheathu dhomh ach am bas,
'S mairg 'ga fàgar a' làmh lom.
Caoilte, Goll, agus Oorraidh,
Agus Oscar uallach, slios-gheal,
Mise 's Ruidhne o'n a' mheann-bhei
Gum b'e sud ainm an t-seisir.
So interested are we in the abov
we subjoin for the benefit of ou
lish readers a translation which w
somewhat hurriedly this afterno(
is tolerably literal, and the sen
manner and tone of the original
found reproduced with cousic
fidelity. The difficulty of doing
to such compositions in any trans
however laboured, is very great,
who have ever tried it will :
admit : —
OSSIAN'S "SONG OF SORROW
HIS OLD AGE.
(a fragmbnt.)
Six childless men were wo, who ne'er <
harm —
A brave and blameless life we lived
But one of us soon slept beneath the
Remembering him this night I'm ■
wae.
Five were we now, five warriors of r
Woe to the foe that dared to beard i
Death came again, as he had come b
Another hero vanished from our \
We then vrere/our, hunting the fore
Fair were the arms our good righi
did wield ;
THE GAEL.
191
ilin valour saves not from all scaitli —
tlier warrior fell in battle-field.
m were three, far-famed for valorous
3ds ;
s o'er their harps sang of our feats the
die,
2 pursued his course from east to west,
iost another — chief withouten guile !
-J > then sat upon the green hill-side
"a all we love we're fated still to part) ;
Death, unlooked for, came again,
mljtook the sole companion of my heart.
i alone, the last of that brave band ;
3mbering other years, I sit and mourn ;
ted we must die, but still 'tis sad,
3 the j ourney whence shall none return.
nut cluster on the hazel bough,
[ast nut I— the rest are fall'n and gone,
to fall, I tremble in the breeze,
wandering through the woods makes
rie moan.
t tree of the clump upon the hill,
and withered, I stand all alone,
1 1 loved are gone, and soon must I
jlhke the leaves that on the earth are
rown.
bold, and Oorrie brave, and Gaul,
Oscar fleet of foot and fair of skin,
and Euno, from the hill of fawns —
le were the Six in love and Wiir akin.
;g to call attention to the exceed-
3auty of the sixth, seventh, and
hi quatrains of the above in the
'q<.al Gaelic. Every Gaelic scholar
Igree with us that it is altogether
D'Sible adequately to reproduce them
£y other language; and yet how
% and obvious is their meaning;
(P'xpressive they are; how exqui-
il natural and simple and tender in
ii native form ! It will probably
ii to the reader conversant with the
\r of Ossian, to ask — If Ossian, the
n of " Fingal," " Calodin," &c., is
t^uthor, how happens it that he
ibes himself, as well as his five
mions, as " Childless," " Saor
Lochd," sine prole f He was the
: of Oscar, and Oscar is mentioned
with praise and pride as one of the
heroic band commemorated in the
fragment. How then could Ossian
speak of himself as " childless," with a
son, and such a son as Oscar too, by his
side ? The only plausible explanation
seems to be that the Oscar here men-
tioned is not the son of Ossian, but
another warrior of the Fingalians of the
same name — an earlier Oscar than the
poet's son, for Ossian describes this
Oscar and himself as close companions
on the war-path and in the chase, when
both were in their strength and prime.
Or is it possible that the author of these
verses was not Ossian, but a later
bard of the Fingalian period who hav-
ing outlived the companions of his
youth, and fallen on evil days, finds
mournful consolation in sunning him-
self in the "■ light of long departed
years," and commemorating the deeds
of more heroic times. Eten admitting
that the poem is not the composition
of Ossian himself, but of a somewhat
later and inferior bard, it rather gains
than loses in interest on that account.
It is unquestionably a fragment of Fin-
galian poetry, entitled at least to rank
with. Semi Dana ov ''Ancient Lays," and
manifesting in every line the stamp and
impress' of a very remote period, just as
a celt of stone or bronze connects us
with pre-historic times. Another solu-
tion of the difiiculty we have been
considering, has been suggested to
us, since writing the above by an old
Glencoe man, a great Secmachaiclk
and repository of ancient folk-lore,
whom we happened to meet during an
evening ride this afternoon. He sug-
gests that the word " SHochcV should
be taken here not in its primary, but
in its secondary sense — "Saor o
Shliochd" — not meaning, as he opines,
childless, buttribeless, without followers;
the bard and his five companions hav-
ing voluntarily banded themseves to-
gether for a time, that they might
acquire the greater glory by their un-
19:
THE GAEL.
assisted exploits in war and in the
cliase. This he says, was a common
practice among the ancient Gaels, and
he instanced an old and well known
Sgeulachd in which a number of 3^oung
men are represented as banding them-
selves together, a sort of "Free Lances,"
who set out in quest of adventures and
greatly distinguish themselves for the
•space of "a j'ear and a day." The
abrnpt apostrophe in the second line
of the second quatrain is curious.
Even granting that the Fingalians may
have heard of Greece and Ptorae, the
mention of the "King of Greece" in
such a composition seems odd and out
of place. We rather incline to believe
it to be a corniption of the text that
crept into the piece while floating on
the stream of oral recitation. A con-
jectural mention would be —
Sud iad h ugacl Pagli na Fein'.
meaning, These then were the warriors
to uphold thy cause and bring honour
to thy race, thou King of the Fingal-
ians ! We have given the poem, how-
ever, just as it came into our hands,
" with all its imperfections on its head."
The difficulties we have been consider-
ing, if they are to be regarded as
blemishes, seem to us also to point very
conclusively to the authenticity and
genuineness of the fragment as a whole.
— Nether- Lochaber Correspondent of
Inverness Courier.
FAREWELL TO FINAEY.
Eirirh agun tiuqainn, 0,
Eirich agus tiitgainn, 0,
Eirkh agus tiugainn, 0,
Farewell, farewell, to Fiiiary.
The wind is fair, the day is fine,
Swiftly; swiftly, runs the time;
The ^5oat is floatini; on the tide,
Tha,t. .wafts me off from Finary.
Eirich agus, &c.
A thousand, thonsaud tender tics —
Accept this day my plaintive sighs;
My heart within me almost dies
At thoiiglit of leaving Fiaary.
Eirich agus,' &c.
With pensive steps I've often strolled
Where Tingal's Castle stood of old.
And listened while the shepherds told .
The legend talcs of Finary.
Eirich agus, &c.
I've often paused at close of day,
Where Ossian sang his mart>al lay ;
And viewed the sun's departing raj^,
WandVing o'er Dun Finary,
Eirich agus, &c.
AlU-na-CailUch's gentle stream.
That murmers sweetly through the greei
What happy, joyful days I've seen,
Beside the banks of Finary.
Eirich agus, &c.
Farewell, ye hills of storm 'and sno^v,
The wild resorts of deer and roe ;
In peace the heath cock long may crow^
Alon? the banks of Finary.
Eirich agus, &c.
'Tis not the hills nor woody vales
Alone my joyless heart bewails;
A mournful group this day remains
Within the manse of Finary
Eirich agus, &c.
Can I forget Glenturret's name?
Farewell, dear father, best of men ;
May heavens joys with thee remain
Within the manse of Finary.
Eirich agus, &c.
■Mother! — a name to me so dear —
Must I, must I leave thy care,
And try a world that's full of snares,
Far, 'far from thee and Finary 1
Eirich agus, &c.
Brother of my love, farewell;
Sisters, all your griefs conceal ;
Your tears suppress — your sorrows quell.
Be hai-ipy while at Finary.
Eirich agus, &c.
Archibald, my darling child.
May heaven thy infant footsteps guide,
Should I return, 0 may 1 find
Thee smiling still at Finary.
Eirich agus, &c.
0 must I leave these happy scenes!
See they spread the flapping sails!
Adieu, adieu my native plains ;
Farewell, farewell to Finary.
Eirich agus, cfcc.
ept.lS72.
THE GAEL.
193
NEWS OF THE HIGHLANDS AND
ISLANDS.
The deer forest and shootings of Glen-
itrathfarar, belonging to Lord Lovat, in the
arish of Kihnorack, Inverness-shire, have
een let to Mr. Weyness, an American
entleman. at an animal rent of £4000.
Dingwall. — At the Quarter Sessions of
le County of Ross, held on Tuesday, Mr.
lex. Hay, solicitor, Dingwall, was appoint-
i Procurator-Fiscal of the Justice ot Peace
ourt, in room of Mr. John Shaw, vrho had
isigned.
Important Exchangk of La>:ds in Inver-
Ess-SHiRE. — We unilerstand that Mr Bailie
iQchfour, and Sir J. W. I'amsden, Bart.,
ave made an aggreement for the exchange
fthe former's lands within tlie parish of
aggan, for the latter in the parishes of In-
erness and Dores. The value cf the lands
id others so to be exchanged, are common-
reported ro be worth on either side up-
irds of £200,000.
'tkince Charles & Flora Macdonalr. —
must notice a popular and poetical delusion
)Olit Prince Charles and Flora Macdonald.
Diig-writers and painters have fancied, and
ade other people believe, that Flora went
andcring about with the Prince for a con-
derable time, watching over his sleep in
ives, in a kind of Juan and Haidee fashion,
lapted to the Highland meridian. Now,
1 this hap])cns to be mere imagination; and
the reality is quite romantic enough,
id at the same time perfectly respect
)le, I think, being something of a Platonist,
at these inaccurate representation of poets
id painters ought to be discouraged. In
)mt of fart. Flora, was but two nùjlds in
impany with the Prince. The first night
as on board the open boat that carried him
d her ami Neil Macdonald (father of Mar-
ill Macdonald, Duke of Tarentum) from
snbecula to Skye, The second night was
the house ofI\liss Flora's future father-in-
vr, the brave old Macdonald of Kingsburg.
1 the following day she escorted the Prince
Portree, and that night, "he slipped out
the, house," says Boswell, "leaving his
ir protectress, whom he never again saw."
■'W." in .Scolsman.
Wallace's Sv/ord — The Countess of
tadon arrived at Kilmarnock from England
Tuesday night last, on her way to Loud-
n Castle. The Coun tess brought with her
)m England the sword of Wallace. This
sword has been preserved at Loudoun Castle
from the Death of Wallace until five years
back, when it was removed by the late
Marquis of Hastings to his seat in Leicester-
shire. On the death of the Marquis in
1868 it passed into the possession of the
present Countess. The mother of Wallace
was a daughter of Loudoun, and on the
death of his uncle, Sir Reginald Crawford
of Loudoun (hanged by the English at Ayr),
Wallace had the custody of his only
daughter, Susannah Crawford of Loudoun,
who married a son of Sir Neil Campbell, of
Argyll, and was ancestress of the present
Countess of Loudoun, the hereditary cus-
todian of the sword of William Wallace.
Nationality of our Regiments. — A re-
turn just before Parliament gives the
nationality of the various officers in the
different regiments of our army, There are
altogether ^5982 English, 809 Scotch, and
1711 Irish. In none of the regiments do
the Scotch officers show a preponderence
save in the Highland regiments. The
greatest portion of Scotch officers is in the
79th or Cameron Highlanders, which has
25 Scotch to 8 English and 7 Irish officers.
The 92nd or Gordon Highlanders, the 42nd
or Royal Highlanders, and 78th Highlanders
have each 19 Scotch officers. The 42nd
has 15 English and 4 Irish officers, while
the 92nd has 12 and 5 Irish officers,- and
the 78th Highlanders has 10 English and
10 Irish officers. Of the Household Cavalry,
in the 1st and 2nd Life Guards, and Royal
Horse Guards, there are only II Scotch
offiicers to 64 English and 15 Irish. In the
Cavalry of t'le line, there are only 81 Scotch
officers, to 605 English and 161 Irish. In
the Royal Artillery there are 104 Scotch, to
1088 English and 190 Irish officers. In the
Royal Engineers there are 52 Scotch, to 424
English and 134 Irish.
Permission to Tenants to Kill Hakes
and Rabbits. — The EJgin Cournnt states
that Colonel James Grant, M.P. for the
counties of Moray and Nairn, has just
granted permission to the tenants on his
astate of Main, to kill hares and rabbits on
their farms. This concession is quite a vol-
untary one, and the tenantry highly
appreciate it. They are allowed to kill these
destructive animals themselves, or by deputy
without any restrictions whatever, so that
it will be their own fault if they suffer dam-
age.
194
THE GAEL.
Sept., 1872
GAELIC BURSARY.
On this iubJGot Professor Blackic addresses
the following letter to the Editor of The
Inverness Courier.
"Altnacrai;^', Oban, 2d August 1872.
"Sir, — At the late meeting of the Inver-
ness Gaelic Society, at which I had the
honour to be present, one of the speakers
announced that it was in prospect to found
a bursary for a Gaelic student from the
funds of the Society. I presume this bur-
sary is intended not only for the advance-
ment of Highland talent generally, but, in
connection with that, specially for the
encouragement of the GaeVc language and
literature. On this supposUion I venture to
make the following suggestions, trusting
that they will meet with the kindly consid-
eration of the Society: —
"1. That the qualifications for holding
the bursary shall be general excellence in
the studies of the schools attended by the
student previous to his joining the Univer-
sity; and in addition to this a colloquial
command of the Gaelic language.
"2. That at the commencing of every
season, during the term of his bursary, the
student shall be examined of his knowledge
of Gaelic grammar, philosophy, and litera-
ture, according to a graduated scale of
progress; and l\\?± a fair pass in this exam-
ination shall be a condition sine qua non of
the annual p ^yinent of his bursary.
"3. That the ([ualification of the student
shall be tested by impartial persons well
skilled in the Gaelic language, to be named
by the Society.
"If these, or some such regulations be
made, our Gaelic students will be induced
to join classical and Celtic philology in a
fashion equally pleasant and profitable,
calculated no less to exercise their usefulness
in school or pulpit, than to plant their lin-
guistic studies on a broader and a firmer
basis. — I have the honour to be yours, &c.
"John Stuart Blackie."
The ARciYT.KsniRE Gatherisg. — On the
ocwision o'" the home-coming of the Princoss
Louise at Invcrary last year the lairds of
the county of Argyll who were present to
welcome her Royal Highness determined to
organise an annual social meeting in the
county. To carry out this idea an associa-
tion was formed under the presidency of the
Marquis of Lome, which adopted the name
of the " Argylcshire Gathering" and intends
to inaugurate its proceedings by a ball at
Oban on the 1st of October, at which, it is
stated, the Marquis of Lome and Princess
Louise, Marchioness of Lome, will be
present.
IsLAY— Ordination.— On Tuesday, the
13th inst., the Free Presbytery of Islay or-
dained the Rev. Alexander Lee, A.M., to
the pastoral charge of Kildalton and Oa.
The Rev. James Pearson of Kilarrow pre-
sided on the occassion, and after the ordina-
tion, suitably addressed tiie pastor and
people. Dr. Maclauchlan of Edinburgh, and
Rev J. F. Macara, Kinloss, being present,
were associated with the Pj-esbytery. At
the close of the services, the young minister
received a most cordial welcome from the
members of his flock.
Call to the Rev. Mr Kennedy Ding-
wall.— The Free Gaelic Congregation of
Greenock met on Thursday, the 16th
August, and agreed to present a call to the
Rev. John Kennedy, Dingwall, to become
their minister.
The East Coast Herring Funixc. —
The total catch of herrings to this date for
the 3300 boats from Aberdeen to Wick
inclusive is 830,000 cjaus, of wliich two-thirds
are on the Aberdeen coast, Fraserburgh
alone having about lOO.OuO crans. The
I Wick catch is only about 50,000, or half
last year's to a like date. The catch on the
I whole coast is 20,000 less than last year's,
! but a good deal above the average of former
years.
Sale or an Invf.^ness-shire Estate.—
The estate of Raasay and Rona, in western
[nveruess-shire, \\ii<. exposed in Dowoll's
Rooms, Edinburgh, on Friday, at the upset
price of £50,000, and after keen competition
was secured for George Grant RIackay,
Esq., of Rosehall and Obim; at the sum of
£55,000.
On Thursday the 22nd August, the
Masgow Presbytery met in the Govan
Established G.'.elic CJlmrch and ordained
Mr David MacKeuzie as Pastor of that
church. In tlie evening a soii-ee was hold
in tho Govan Hall, when a Bible and Psalm
Book, a handsome gown and a purse of
sovereigns were presented to the new minis-
ter. Addresses were given by Mr D.
MacMaster, tho cluurmau; by Bailie Mac
Farlane, and tho Rev. Messrs Stevenson,
Ruthei'glen; MacLachlan, Tarbert; Blair,
St. Coluuiba; and Brown, assistant to Mr.
Blair.
jL.2>r
O-JLZIDSIEJ^L.
TREAS MIOS AN FHOGHARAIDH, 1872.
I Leabh.]
[8 Air.
CALLUM A' GHLINNE.
Earran II.
B' e Galium* an t-aon a b' oige de 'n
teaglilacli, agus mar is trie a thachair,
b' esan ailleagan agus annsachd na h-
uile neacli; bu gliriau 's bu gbealach
.gacli ui 'theireadh no 'dheanadli e.
Bba e 'ua leauabb tirail f allain eireacbd-
ail. 'Na f bior leauabuidbeacbd, tbais-
bean e buadbau inntinu a bba
combarraicbte— bba 'aignidbean maotb
soitbeamb ciuiu so-gbluasadacb, agus
a cbuimbue gramail, dionacb. Sbuidb-
eadb e gacb feasgar Sabaid gu sambacb
tosdacb ag eisdeacbd le dian aire ri
ceasnacbadb an teagblaicb, agus ri
leugbadb a' Bbiobuil. Ann 's a'
cbeatbramb bliadbna d' a aois db'
aitbriseadb e gu pongail 'na cbainnt
liotacb shimpblidb fbdin, Eacbdraidb
a Cbrutbacbaidb; Tuiteam an duine;
Togail na b-Airce le Noab, agus Sgrios
an t-saogbail leis an Dile. Ki b-uine,
obaidb a cbur do sgoil na sgireacbd,
a bba mu cbeitbir mile db' astar
uaitlie. Be Leabbar aitbgbearr nan
Ceisdean, auns a' Bbeurla, leis an
Aibideil Eomanaicb agus Eadailteicb,
maille ris na fogbairean agus na comb-
fhogbaireau, agus mu leud na boise do
fboclan da-litreacb agus tri-litreacb
air a' cbeud duilleig, a bba air uiseacb-
adb auns an sgoil mar an ceud leabbar
fogbluim. Aig ceann seacbduin no
dba, cbo luatb 's a fbuair Galium
lamb-an- uacbdar air a cbeud duilleig,
cba robb a null no nail aige acb
agbaidb a tboirt a db' aon leum air
"Criocb araid an duine," mar sin
fbuair e 'macb gun dail nacb b' fbeal-
adbà an sgoileireacbd; coma co-dbiu
— cbuir e 'uebd ris an ucbdaicb, agus
mu'n robb e thar dusan bbadbna dh'
aois, tbog e uiread do fbogblum 'sa
bba am maigbistir-sgoile comasacb air
a tbeagasg dba. Mu'n am so, fbuair
e leabbar araidb a rinn greim agus
drugbadb combarraicbte air 'intinn —
ursgeul gaoil da 'm b' ainm "Paul and
Virginia." Bba 'n t-ursgeul anabarrach
tiambaidb so-gbluasadacb. Ged b'
iomadb oran gaoil agus cumba a
cbuala Galium air an seinn agus air
an leugLadb, lucbdaicbte mar bba iad
am bitbeantas le mulad 's le bron, le
iundrainn 's le cianalas, le bristeadb-
cridbe 's le diiil-bbristeadb — cba d'rinn
iad riamb acb ro bbeag de dbeargadh
air aignidbean an coimeas ris an
ursgeul ud. Be criocb an ursgeoil, an
deigb bliadbnacban do 'n gbaol bu
dealasaicbe agus a bu dilse, taobb air
thaobb, gaol nacb do lasaicb riamb
roimb dbiomb cbairdean, no roimh
tliuaileas lucbd mi-ruin, gun deacbaidb
Virginia a bbatbadb. Bba dealbh
anns an leabbar, a nocbdadb mar a
fbuair Paul i, ann an oir a' mbuir-làin,
le a broilleacb ruisgte, agus a folt
dualacb camagacb riobta le feamuinn
's le lirein a letb-cbombdacb a muineil.
Bba 'leitbid de bbuaidb aig deireadb
cianail an ursgeoil ud air cridbe maotb
Cballuim bbocbd agus gur trie a b'
eigin dba teicbeadb a macb do bbadan
coille a bba dlutb do 'n tigb, gu bbi
'fosgladb tuil dborsan a cbridbe ann an
comb-fbulangas ri cranncbur cruaidh-
fbortanacb " Phoil agus Virginia"
" Tba tri nitbe a tbig gun iarruidb, —
an t-eagal, an t-iadacb 's an gaol "
agus CO aca 'bba no nacb robb ursgeul
" Phoil agus Virginia" ann an tombas
196
AN GAIDHEAL.
Treas Mios an Fhogharaidh, 1872.
airbith'na mhathair-aobhair dha,laidh
galar a' ghaoil gu scaiteach fuatbasach
air Galium mu 'n am ud, og 's mar a
bha c ; cba b' fhada gus an d' fbairicb
esan do rireadh Nach 'eil gaol ann cJio
teth ri's a cheud ghaol. Air latha de iia
laitbibh an uair a bha Galium mar sud
a sior-chnuasachadb ciod a dheireadh
dha fèin na 'm biodh e iinns an t-
suidheachadb dbeucbainncach 's an
robb Pol, thainig ceard a dh' ionnsuidb
an tighe 's an anmocb, le 'tbeaghlacb
's le 'asail agus Ic 'chuid acfhuinn.
Be gnaths nan ceard aig an am ud, a
bhi dol mu 'n cuairt o bhaile gu baile,
a' deanamli spainean de adhaircean
cruidh agus reitheachan agus a càradb
phoitean agus choireacban. Bha cairt-
ealan saor fosgailte dhoibh ann 's gach
baile, oir ged a bha iad am bitheantas
borb fiadhaich, mi-rianail 'n an cliù,
bha iad feumail 'n an gairm. Gha 'n
iarradh iad aite taimh a b' f hearr na 'n
atha, far am faighte i. Dh' fhuirich
an ceard agus a theaghlach corr 'us
seachduin. Bha nighean aige a bha
mu 'n aois cheudua ri Galium. Bha
i na caileig bhoidheich sgiobalta, aoigh-
eil, thaitneich, shunndaich. 0 na
cheud oidhche a thainig i do 'n bhaile,
thigeadh i 'stigh 's an fheasgar am
measg an teaghlaich ; bha i ro ealanta
air aithris sgeulachdan, agus 'na ban-
òranaiche thaghta coidheas am Beurla
's an Gailig. Bha cluas-chiiiil ro mhath
aig Galium ; bha orain annasach aig a'
bhan-cheard air fuinn agus teisean lira
nach cual e riamh roimhe. Air feasgar
àraidh, air dhi a bhi 'seinn oran
Eireannach d'am b'ainm "■ Donnyhrooh
fair" — ann am priobadh na sul, thuit
Galium ann an gaol oirre agus be sin an
gaol gun choimeas am fad 's a' mhair e,
thug e ach beag a leirsinn 'sa clilaist-
eachd uaithe. 0! ciod e dh'eirich dha;
an e gur h-i nighean a cheaird a chois-
neadh a cheud ghaol ged a bhiodh i cho
aillidh ris a' ghreini
dh
bha an t-saighead dhiomhair an sas 'n
a chridhe, ach —
Ged a chuir Cupid an t-ultach 'na bhroil-
Icach
D'a shaighdean coronach caol,
A dbniigh air a chxiislean 'sa chuir luchd
air a chokiinn,
Lels an do tbiiit e ge b' oil Zeis."
Ged a bheirte an saoghal dha,
Cba 'n irmseadb e 'n sgeul do 'n te 'rinn
No do neacli air bith ; chum e air
fhein e. Latha no dha an deigh so,
air dha bhi na shuidhe 's an tigh sgoil,
CO chaidh seachad an uinneag, ach an
ceard agus a theaghlach, air a thurus
gu tigh tuathanaich a bha mu leth-
mhile air falbh. 'N uair a sgaoil an
sgoil 's an fheasgar, air falbh chaidh
Galium cho luath sa bheireadh a chosan
e, an taobh a ghabh an ceard. Nuair
a rainig e Bealach-an-droighinn, dluth
do thigh an tuathanaich, co a chunnaic
e ri taobh an fhrith-rathaid a' trusadh
counaidh, ach a bhan-cheard agus a
mathair? Ghabh e air adhart gus an
deachaidh e as an t-sealladh orra;
thionndaidh e air a shall agus thill e an
taobh a thainig e . Ann san dol seachad,
chunnaic e Marsali aig taobh an rath-
aid agus i a ceangal a cual chonnaidli
— sheall i na aodann gu bathaiseach,
caoin-shuarach. Labhair e focal no
dha rithe gunmoille a chur air a cheum.
'N uair a chuir e cul a chinn rithe,
sheid i suas gu sunndach iolagach
luinneag '•'' Donnyhrooh fair;" luathaich
Galium a cheum oir bha gach ponnc
de 'n teis ud o na ghuth - cinn a bu
mhilse a bhuail riamh air a chluais, a*
dol mar shaighdean geur troimh a
chridhe. Mu 'n deachaidh e fad air
adhart, shuidh e air cloich ri taobh
an rathaid; chuir e a lamh ri 'cheann;
dh' analaich a' Gheòlraidh air airson na
ceud uair. Smuainich e, na 'n rachadh
leis rann no dha chur an eagan a cheile,
gun tugadh e faothachadh d'a 'chridhe
briste. Thoisich e mar a leanas, air
fonn " Donnyhrooh fair :" —
TteMXlosau Fhoj^uuraidb, 1872.
AN GAIDHEAL.
197
Co 'dhireas am bealach sa ghiulaineas
beannachd,
A dh' ionnsuidh an fhiurain 'oh' fhas
cùbhraidh deas fallain —
Oigh ùr a' chuil cUannaicli d' an can-
ainn am fonn.
Ged dhuraiginn luaidh air gacli buaidh
agus loinn
'Th.' air oigh a' chuil dualaich 's nan
cuach-chamag grinn.
Tha mo chlarsach garbh-fhuaimeach,
'sa teudan air fuasgladh,
Mur tig Ceolraidh nan teisean 'chur
m' eislein air fuadach,
'S a ghleusadh mo bhuadhan gu bual-
adh nam ponnc.
Co dhireas am bealach, &c.
Tha 'gruaidh mar na caoran 's iad
sgaoilt' air a' chrann,
Tha 'cneas mar an f haoilean air aodanu
nam tonn —
A broilleach caoin fallain cho min ris
a' channach,
Thug mise dhi gealladh —
"Air t-athais," arsa 'choguis, 'si'togail
a guth 'na bhroilleach, "thoir an aire
nach cuir thu a' bhreug 'n a do cheud
oran; ged a thug thu do ghaol do 'n
bhan-cheard, cha tug thu do ghealladh
dhi. 0 'n uair 'san do chuir i druidh-
eachd ort le a suilean is ann a chuir i a
ghlas-ghuib ort." Ann am priobadh
na sul, dhealaich Galium agus a' Cheol-
raidh ri cheile ; cha deachaidh e ni b'
fhaide air aghaidh ann an deilbh an
orain. Mar a bha e 'g eiridh gu falbh,
chuala e fann-ghuth ciuil a' snamh
air osaig thlath an fheasgair. Shaoil e
air tus gum be guth mills druidheachd-
ail Marsali a bha e a' cluinntinn, acli
'n uair a thàr e ni b' fhaisge dha 0 ! bu
Deo-choslach ri cheile iad! Clod e a
bh' ann, ach guth tùchanach reasgach
brogach buachaille a bha ag ioman a'
chruidh gu todhar, agus ciod e a bha e
*seinn ach oran a rinneadh uair eigin
do luidseich bhochd neo-sgiobalta a'
mhuinntir na sgireachd a ruith air
falbh le ceard. 'Nuair a chuala Galium
gu riochdail soilleir an rann a leanas :
" Tha mithlachd air do chairdean,
'S tha tamailt air do dliaoine
Thu bhi falbh le ceard a giulan s|)ain-
ean,
'S maileid air do chaol-druim"
cha d' eisd e ris a' chorr, shin e a
chos ris an astar, agus mu 'n d' rainig
e 'dhachaidh fhuair e cuibhte do 'u
bhan-cheard ann 's na h-uile seadh.
Dh' fhaodta 'radh do rireadh d'a
thaobhsan, — " An gaol a thig le cabh-
aig, cha bhi e fada 'fuarachadh," agus
chuir e roimhe nach glacta a rithisd e
ann an lion-mhoguil a ghaoil giis am
biodh 'fheusag ni V fhaide na 'f hiaclan,
Gha robh a' bheag do chreideas aig
Galium ann an geasaibh no ann an
gisreagaibh, ach riamh cha b' urrain e
thuigsinn cia mar a thuit e ann an
gaol cho breisleachail air a' bhan-cheard
mur a b' e an drughadh lasanta cianail
a rinn ursgeul Phoil agus Virginia air
'inntinn, agus riamh 'na dheigh sud cha
robh ach beag umhail aige do ursgeu laibh
gaoil, agus b' fhada uaithe a chliuth-
achadh d 'a chairdean oga a bhi 'g an
leughadh. Bi a bharail gun robh moran
de na faoin sgeoil annasach a tha tigh-
inn a mach gach seachduin ann 's a*
Bheurla ri barrachd cron na niaith do
oigridh an latha. B' aithne dha ban-
charaid og a fhuair deagh oileineachadh
le rogha gach eiseimpleir, a thainig a
mach gu seirbheis do Ghlaschu, agus a
bha fo dheaghtheisteas marshearbhanta
thapuidh sgoinneil, easguidh, churam-
ach.ach coltach ri ioma te a bharr oirre,
thoisich i ri leughadh an " London
Journal" agus cha b' fhada gus an do
chuir a chuid ursgeulan spleadhach a
leithid de thuainealaich 'u a ceann is
gun d' fhas i cho dearmadach mi-
shuimeil mu a dleasdanais agus gum b*
fheudar d'a ban-mhaighstir cead a coise
thoirt dhi. Thainig latha na h-imrich
oirre, ach cha d' thainig mac larla no
Moraire 'g a giulan air falbh ri solus
na gealaiche ann au carbad cheithir-
eachach, gu a posadh gun fhios d'a
chairdean a dh' aindeoin co le 'm b'
198
AN GAIDHEAL.
Treas Hlog an Fhoghazaidh, 187Z.
oil e, agus gu a togall suas a dh' aon
bheum o thraillealacbd onoracli a chos-
naidh gu greadlinachas ailgliiosacli
na moralachd. Dli' fliaodadli i bhi air
a deagli phosadli oir dhiult i lamli fir no
dha de a coimpirean fliein, agus tha i
nis na seaun mhaighdiuu: cha b' fliiu
leatba na coisichean agus clia d' thaiuig
na marcaichean.
MUILEACII.
(Ei leantuinn.)
MU NA SEANX GHAIDHEIL.
VI.
Thug sina faiaear mar fliuair Coian-
each Mac Ailpein an rioghachd PJnct-
eacli a cliionu gu 'm b'e an t-oighre
dligheacb a thaobli a shcan-mliàthair,
màthnr Ailpein, a bi piuthar Aougliais
agns Chusantin a bha le clieile 'n an
rlgliribh air na Plctl. Tliachair an ni
so anus a' bbliadhna a.d. 843. Aig an
am so, fo riagliladli Choinnieh chaidh an
da rioghachd, agus an da f hine Ghaidh-
ealach, na Plcti agus na ^cotl, aonadh
ri cheile gu bhi 'n an aon sluagh. Tha
cuid de sheanachaidhibh ag radii gun
do cbeannsaich Coinneacli na Plctl ann
an cogadh, agus gun d'tbug e an riogb-
acbd a macb le faobbar a' cblaidbeimb ;
acli tha an nl sin mi-cboltacb agus do-
cbreidsinn gun deanadb prasgan beag de
db-Earragbaidbealaicb Ijuaidh a thoirt
air a' cbuid eile do na Gàidhcil ; is ami a
fhuair e coir air an riogbacbd a tbaobb
a sbean-rabàtbar mar a fhuair Seuraas
VI righ na b-Alba coir air riogbacbd
Sbasuiiin ann an liunibb an deigli sin.
Tba ùgbdair an Leabbair "Nennius" a
sgrlobb mu'n bbliadhna a.d. 858 ag
radb mu na Picticli ''tertiam partem
Britanniae tenuerunt, et tencnt usque
nuiiC:" 'Se sin an Gailig : Bha sealbb
aca air trcas earrainn Bbrcatuinn, agus
tha serdbk aca olri'e gus a nlse."
Chaidh so a sgriobbadli mu cbòig
bliadbna deug an dcigb do Cboinneacb
Mac Ailpein riogbacbd nam Pieteach
fhaotainn, agus tha c soilleur nacb deacb-
aidh an sluagbacbasgairtno a dbitheach-
adb leis na Scotl, acb gun robb lad a*
gabhail còmbnuidb anns an aon dùtbaich
cheudna 's an robb iad roimbe, ged a
fhuair iad Coinueach Elgk nan Scotl ga
bhi 'na Rigb os an ceann. Dearbhaidb
na Seauacbasan Eirionnacb a sgriobb-
adli mu tbimchioU nan amannaa so aa
ni ccudna, oir their iad ^'Mlgh nam Pic-
teach" mar tbiodal ri Coinneach Mac
Ailpein, ni a tba 'nocbdadh gun robb an
sluagh agus an riogbacbd a Uitbair aig
an am sin, agus nacb deacbaidb idir an
lom-sgrio3 mar a tha cuid a' cumail
a macb gu mearacbdacb. Tha e
sgriobbta ann an Seanacbasaibb Mor-
roinn Ulladh gun " d' fbuair Coinneach
Mac Ailpein Pilgh nam Pieteach bas"
mu'nbbliadnaA.D. 858, agus tba Nennius
ag radb '■'Elgh nam Pieteach" rismar au
ceudna. Fhuair e bas aig Dun-fothair
ann an Siorramacbd Pheairt, aon de
Chaistealaibb nan seann righrean Gaidh-
ealach: agus tbainig Dombnull Mac
Ailpein gu bhi 'na rigb an aite a
bhruthar, ni a bha a reir an t-seann lagh
Albannaich a bha air a cbleachdadh am
mesLS'^nanGaldheal Pieteach. Thelrear
Pilgh nam Pieteach ri Dombnull mar aa
ceudna, oir tha Seanacbasan Ulladh ag
radb "gun d' fhuair Dombnull ]Mac Ail-
pein Rigb nam Pieteach bas" anns a'
bbliadhna a.d, 862. Righicb dithis
mhac Choinnieh a ritbist, Cusantin agas
Aodb, fear an deigh fir agus b' e
an tiodal a theirteadb riusan " Righ-
rean nam Pieteach." A tbaobb Chu-
santin faodar a thoirt fainear, nacb robh
an t-ainm so riabb air aon de na Seoti
agus nacb robb e acb air aon de na
Righribb Picteacli roimbe so, se sin air
bratbair scan mbatbar Choinnieh; agus
uime sin tba e ro chosmhuil gur ann air
a shon-san a thug Coinneach an t-ainm
air a mhac foin.
Mu'n bbhadhna a.d. 900 tbainig
Cusantin Mac Aoidh, mhic Dhomhnuill,
mbic Ailpein gu bhi 'na Rigb air na
Pictich. Anns a' blibadbna 1)18 chuir
an Rigb so air ccauu nan Gaidheal cath
Treas Mios an Fhogharaidh, 1872.
AN GAIDHEAL.
199
gailbheach ris na Lochlninuich air an d'
fhaair iad buaidh; agus anns a' bhliadb-
na 937 chuir e cath ris na Sasunnaich;
mharbhadh a mhac anns a' chath so.
Cha 'n 'eil iomradli sam bith air a
dheanamh air na Scoti aig an am so, oir
dh' fhuirich iad 'n an tir fein ann an Ear-
ragbaidheil, agus chuir na Picti 'u an
tir na cathan fuilteacb so ris na
Locbluinnicli agus ris na Sasunnaich:
a' dearbbadh mar so gum b' iadsan
iarmad nan treunlaoch gaisgeil a chog
ris na Romanaich agus ri Agricola aig a'
Gharbh-mhonadh, ceudan bliadhna
roimhe sin. Fhuair Cnsantin bàs ann
am mainistear Chill-Rimhinn agus b'e
an tiodal a theirteadh ris "Righ Alb-
ainn."
Re na h-iiine so dh' fhuirich na Scoii
na'n dùthaich feiu; cha d' f hag iad idir i
a cheannsachadh nam Plcteacli no a
ghabhail seilbh 'n an aite air am fear-
ann. Dearbhaidh na seanachasan Eir-
eannach so, oir tha iad ag innseadh
dhuinn gun do mharbhadh Goraidh Mae
Arailt Righ Innse-Gall leis na ^cotl 'sa'
bhliadhna A.D. 989, agus gun d'rinneadh
an gniomh fuilteach so 'n an tir fein an
Earraghàidheil. Thachair so mu thim-
chioll còrr agus seachd fichead bliadhna
an deigh do Choinneach Mae Ailpein
rioghachd nam Plcteacli fhaotainn, agus
feuchaidh e dhuinn gu soilleir nach
d' fhàg na Bcoti Earraghrddheil idir.
Ged a chaidh an Righ aca do dhùthaich
nam Picteach gu bhi 'riaghladh os ceann
an da shlaaigh, dh' fhuirich iadsan 'nan
tir fein, mar a dh' fhuirich na h-Albann-
aich 'n uair a chaidh Seumas YI. do
bhaile Lunnuinn gu bhi 'na Righ air
Breatuinn gu h-iomlan. Agus na fin-
eachan Gàidhealach a thàinig a nuas
uapasan is ann an Earraghaidheil a
gheibhear iad gus an lii an diugh, ni a
dhearbhas nach d' fhàg an sinnsear an
dùthaich fein riabh, oir nam fàgadh,
gheibhteadh iad ann an àitibh eile de 'n
Ghaidhealtachd mar an ceudna. A
thuiileadh air so tha GàiHg Earraghaidh-
eil nas faisge air a' Ghailig Eireannaich
agus nas mo air a measgadh leatha na
Gàilig earrainu sam bith eile dhe
Albainn. Tha na h-argumaidean so
uile a' dearbhadh nach d' fhàg na Scoti
an tir fein, agus nach ann uapasan a
dh' ionnsuich a' chuid eile de shluagh na
Gàidhealtachd a' Ghailig, na 's mo na
'sann uapa a shiolaichiad mar shliochd;
ach gur ann a fhuair iad i a thaobh
dùthchais mar dhileab o'n sinnsearaibh
a ghabh còmhnuidh an Albainn o chian,
leis an robh i air a labhairt ann an tir
nam beann re nan ceudan bliadhna mu'n
d' thàinig na Scoti a nail thar chuan na
h-Eirinn.
Mu'n bhliadhna a.d. 1020, timchioU
deich bliadhna fichead an deigh bàis
Ghoraidh Mhic Arailt righ Innse-Gall,
thàinig sluagh agus duthaich nam Pict-
each gu bhi 'faotainn ainme nuaidh, 'se
sin Scoti agus Scotia na Scot-fhonn.
Bho 'n am so cha chluinnteadh luaidh
tuilleadh air na Plctl ann an Eachd-
raidh na Dùthcha. Chaidh iad as an t-
sealladh mar a chaidh na Caleclonalch
ann an làithibh an Impire CJionstantlus
Chloruis. B'ann r'a linnsan a fhuair na
Caledonaich an t-ainm nuadh " PlctV
ainm a lean riutha fad seachd ceud
bliadhna; agus a nise air dhoibh an t-
ainm so a chall, fhuair iad ainm nuadh
eile, Scoti; gidheadh cha robh ni ùr
sam bith 'nam measg ach an t.alnm
agus an teagJdach riogliall. Chaidh
Ainm a' ddnnich atharrachadh o'n a dh'
atharraicheadh an Teaghhich Bioghail;
ach dh' fhuirich an luchd-aitich gun
chaochlaidh gun atharrachadh sam bith,
ach mar a bha iad roimhe, direach mar
a dh' fhuirich na Caledonaich o shean
'nuair a fhuair iad an t-ainm nuadh,
Picti. Cha robh anns na h-ainmibh
so ach sloinneadh a fhuair iad o na
Seanachaidhibh a bha sgriobhadh mu'n
tJmchioll anns an Laidinn ; cha bhuin-
eadh iad dhoibh a thaobh dùthchais, oir
b'e an t-ainm a bha dualach dhoibh'o 'n
sinnsearaibh, na Gaidheil. Chaidh an «-
ainm Picti air chall, ach dh' fhuirich an
sluagh, ris an abairteadh na Picti, agus
200
AN GAIDHEAL.
Treas Xios an Fhoghataidh, 1872.
a' chanain a blia iad a' labhairt gun
atharrachadh mar a bha iad riabh amis
an tir. A chionn gum b' ann de na
Scoti a blia an teaghlach rioghail, sgaoil
an t-ainm so thairis air an dùthaich gu
leir, ionnus nach abairteadli ach Scoti vh
an t-sluagli agus Scotia ris an fir ; ach
b'e so an t-ainm a tlieirteadh o sliean ri
Eiriun 's a luchd-àiteachaidh leis na
seanachaidhibh a sgriobh anns an Laid-
inn ; gidheadh cha d' aidicheadh riabU
e leis na Gaidlieil, aon chuid an Albainn
no an Eiriun, ged a tba e nise air a
ghabhail leis na Gaill mar ainm na tire
agus an t-sluaigli, oir their iadsan Scot-
land ri h- Albainn agus Scots ris na h-
Albannaich. Anns a' bhliadhna a. d.
1158, Sgriobh Aindreas,Easbuig Ghall-
thaobh, leabhar " Mu shuidheachadh
Albainn/' anns am faighear na briath-
ran so, "Albania quae nunc corrupte
Scotia appellatur," — se sin 'an Gailig,
" Albainn ris an abrar'a nise gu mear-
achdach Scotia." Tba na briathran so
a' dearbhadh gun robh aon de na daoin-
ibh a b' ionnsuichte anns an rioghachd
'g a mheas 'n a mhearachd truaillidh
aig an am sin a bhi 'ag radh Scoti mar
ainm ris an t-sluagh agus Scotia ('se sin
Scotland) ris an rioghachd d' an goirear
Albainn. Agus tha iad a' nochdadh
mar an ceudna nach robh esan a' creid-
sinn aig an am sin mar ni air an robh
(> s gun do cheanusaicli na Scoti
Earraghaidhealach na Seann Ghaidheil
Albanuach, oir nam biodh cha b' urr-
ainn e a chainnt ud a chleachdadh le
firinn; agus anuair a dh' atharraicheadh
ainm na tire agus an t-sluaigh gur h-ann
a dh' eirich so bho na righribh ùra a
thainig a steach air an tir a bha dhe 'n
fhine Scuiteich.
D. B. B.
OISEIN:— A LINN AGUS A
BHARDACnD.
{Air leantuinn.)
Nach anabarrach farsuing a bha
beachdan a' bhàird aig an robh comas a
leithid do choiraeas a dheanamh, agns a
chuir ann an dealbh co riomhach.
Ach cha 'n ann an spealtadh cblogad,
agus ann an iomairt nan lann 's nan
sleagh, 'tha Oisein 'sa ghaisgich ainmeil
;us curanta. Tha sprochd 'us tiamh-
aidheachd mhor r'am faicinn ana am
mòran de dhàin Oisein. Dh' fhagadh
esan an deigh na Fcinne, agus is ana
'na shean laithean, maille ri Malamhia
nan seod,beanuasal ant-sàrlaoich Oscar,
chuir e a bhàrdachd ri cheile. Tha
e daonnan rioghal, àrd, 'us measail 'n a
sheanachas, agus bha tuille mor 'us
truscan cian a' chomhraig a' lionadh
anama. Bha Pionnghal beusach, caoin,
'us càirdeil mar an ceudna. Bha e
gaisgeil agus buadhmlior anns an stri,
agus caoimhneil nasal ris an anfhann.
Is i so an earail a thug a sheanair do
Oscar nan lann am feadh a bha iad a'
cuideachadh ChuchuUin an aghaidh
Shuaran nan long :
" A mhic mo mhic, thubhairt an. righ,
Oscair na stri 'na t' oige;
Chunn' am do chlaidheamh nach mln,
Bha m' uaille mu m' shinnsear mor.
Leansa cliii na dh' aom a chaoidh;
Mar t' aithrichean bi sa fein,;
Mar Threunmor, ceud cheannard nan
saoi,
ISIar Thrathul sàr athair nan treun:
'N an oige bhuail iad am blàr;
'An duanaihh nam bard tha 'n cliù,
Bi-sa mar shruth ris na sàir;
Ri laigse nan lann cho ciiiin
Ri aiteal gaoith air laon an fheoir.
Mar sin bha Treunmor nan sgialh,
Is Trathul, ceannard nan triath;
Mar sin bha mo ghniomli 's an t-sliabh.
Bha 'm feumach riamh ri mo làimh
'S dh' fhas an lag dana fo m'chruaidh,
Na iarr-sa carraid nan sgiath,
'S na dihlt 1 air shabh nan cruach."
Cha 'n e fuaim nan lann an aoa toil-
eachas a bha aig laoich na Feinne. Tha
'chomhairlo a thug righ Mhorbheinn naa
glonn air Oscar nan ciabh doun, a'
dearbhadh gu soilleir gun robh carthan-
achd 'us caoimhneas 'us fiùghantachd a
tuineadh ann an anam na Feinne. Tha
Treaa Mlosan Fhogharaidh, 1872.
AN GAIDHEAL.
201
e da rireabh iongantach gun clninnea-
maid smuaintean co ceart agus co stuama
air an aithris le neach a bha beò ann an
aimsir co fad air chùl. Cuimhnichea-
maid mar an ceudna gum b' àbhaist do
Ullin imeaclid le focal caoin na sith a
dh' ionnsuidh clann nan coigreach ag
ràdh:
"Is mòr an cliùsan a thog am fleagh,
'An talla farsuing a's fial bàigh ;
Ceud làilt air mac coigrich nam fleagh,
Thig gu cuirm Fhionnghail nam beann,
Thig ga cuirm an righ a nail."
Tha cleachduinn 'us comhluadar na
Feinne ag eiridh gu fada os cionn abh-
aistean nan Lochlinneach agus cinnich
eile a bha 'mealltuinn nan cothroman
ceudna riusan. A thaobh an inbhe
chiataich anns an robh laoich na Feinne,
bha lad a' toirt an àite fèin do na
mnathan; agus ag altrum meas 'os
nrram doibh mar bu choir:
"'Stri-nan-daoine nan cioch àrd,
Ma's ann air siubhal an f hraoich
Bu ghile nan canach a crulh ;
Ma 's ann air tràigh nan stuadh faoin,
Na'n cobhar air aomadh nan sruth';
Bha suilean soluis mar dha reul;
Mar bhogha nan speur am braon
A gnuis àluinn fo 'ciabh fein,
'S duibhe na nial fo ghaoith ;
Bu tuinidh dhuit anam nan laoch,
A stri-nan-daoine bu caoine lùmh."
Tha dearbhadli againn air cia co
tlusail, bàigheil, furachair, furanach 'sa
bha sar ghaisgich na Feinne ri ainnirean
nan rosg mall, ann an Carraig Thura,
an uair a chuairtich dorchadas anam
'Utha nan rosg mall, 's na deòir a' sil-
eadh air a gruaidh chaoin, a broilleach
geal ag eirigh thall, 'sa ciabh nach gann
air làr 's i trnagh,
"Ghluais tiomachd air anam an righ,
Mu òigh mhin bu ghile làmh;
Chaisg e 'chlaidheamh anns an stri;
Thuit deòir neo-chli o righ nan lann."
Agus CO aig am bheil eolas idir air
bardachd Oisein a tha aineòlach air
gràdh 'usgaol teochridheach Chuchullin
d'a mnaoi fein? Eadhon am meadhon
othail 'us creuchdan a' chòmhraig, tha
e ag radh:
"Buail clarsach, mhic Fhena, buail,
Mol, a Charuill, mo luaidh 'tha thall,
Deo-ghreine Dhun-scathaich nan stuadh,
Og-bhean bhanail choir mhic Sheuma.
An tog thu aghaidh nan snuadh caoin
O'n charraig a' coimhead mo sheòil ?
Cha 'n fhaic thu ach a' mhuir f haoin,
Cha 'n e cobhar nan tonn do sheòid,
Fàg a' charraig 'us oidhche mu'n cuairt ;
Tha osag nan cruach mu d' cheann."
Is e ni mor a'm fàbhar Oisein agus na
Feinne, gun robh iad co dealuichte o
chinnich eile ann am meas iomchuidh a
chuir air òighean 'us mnathan nan rosg
mall. Tha cunntas air dreach 'us sgiamh
ailleag ann an Losga Tatira, agus tha
mi a' saoilsinn nach'eil e f urasda buaidh
a thoirt air briathran 'us beachdan a'
bhàird 'n uair a tha e 'seinn mar so:
" Innseam pàirt do dhreaoh na reul :
Bu gheal a deud gu h-ùr dlù.
'S mar chanach an t-sleibhe
Bha a cneas 's a h-eide ùr,
Bha a braighe cearclach ban,
Mar shneachda tlàth 's an fhireach,
Bha da chich air a h-uchd ciatach,
Be 'n dieach sud mian gach fir,
Bu shoitheamh binn a glòir,
'S bu deirge na'n ròs a beul;
Mar chobhar a sios r'a taobh ■
Sinnte gu caol bha gach meur,
Bha a da chad mhala mhine,
Dii-dhonn air liomh an loin,
A da ghruaidh air dhreaoh nan caorrunn,
'S i gu h-iomlan saor o chron,
Bha a gniiis mar bharra gheuga
Anns a cheud fhas ur.
A fait buidhe mar orra-shleibhte
'S mar dhearrsa greiue bha siiil."
Tha ceilear ceòlmhor nan rannan sin
annta fein ag aithris, gun robh Oisein
air a' lionadh le greadhnachas ann an
conaltradh a ghleidheadh ri àilleachd 'us
aghaidh naduir. Ciod e an doigh air
an gabh moladh as àirde 'deanamh air
grinnead 'us uailse òigh no ainnir na
rinn Oisein anns a' chainnt so.
Ann an tuireadh a' dheanamh thairis
air na laoich a thuit ann am meadhon
astar an làithean mu 'n d' eirich 's an
201
AN GAIDHEAL.
Treas Mios an Fhogharaidh, 1872.
dan an cliii tlia Oisein ùr-labliracb,
tiamhaidh, agus muladacb. Tha cnmha
Oiseiu tlu\iris air Oscar da-vireabh tiom :
"An do thuit tliu Oscair shàir nan lann,
Am meadhon do ghaibh astair fuin!
Na thuit am mac a thug dhomh clii'i?
jS'ach fhaic mi thu, Oscair, a chaoidh?
'N uair a chluinneas triathau mòr m' an
cloinn,
Nach chiinn mi 's an am ort, a thriath?
Bidh còineach air do clilachaibh bath;
Bithidh gaoth 'measg an ciabhan fo bhròn ;
Cuiroar còmhrag gun thusa air sUabh ;
Clia lean thu cilid cbiarr mu thorr,
Chruinuich iad uime na shiaigb,
"S gaeh aon neach ri bùirich thruagh;
Cha chaoineadh a mliac fi'iu,
'S cha ghuileadh a bhràthair e;
Cha chaoineadh piuthar a bràtbair,
'S cha chaoineadh màthair a mac,
j\ch iad uile anns a' phlosgail
A' geur chaoineach mo chaonih Oscar."
Tha brou 'us mulad mòr a' siubhal
troimh 'u tnireadh a rinn Oiseiu thairis
air a mhac, Oscar. An deigh bids a
mbic, chaith Oisein agus Malamhin nan
seod, nigliean Tbocsair agns bana-
chliamhuinn a' bbrdrd fuin, mòran d'an
laithean le cbeile. Is miaic 'tha bard
Chòna a' t?)iseachadh a dbàin, le luaidh
a dheanamh air Malamhin nam buadb,
agus ag radh "a Mlialambia le d' cblàr
bi dlù." Tha e soilleir gun robh fingbair
aig laoicb na Feinne, gum bitbeadb iad
an doigb am bids a' leantuiun na seilgc,
agus a' ruagadb nan tore ciar mar a bba
iad air raon Lena agus am measg
fliritbean 'us aonaichean Mhorbbeinn.
Anns a'cbeatbramb duan de Phionngbal,
tba Oisein a' toirt an ùrdugh so seacbad:
"Cuimlmicli, thusa, cuir mo lann,
M' iubhair cam 'us ci-òc an f hi'idh.
An taobh cluiidt ghlais a tha ri ceaun
Caol thall, a oimirn gun lous."
Bba Oisein 'na gbeug 'na aonar, leis
fein,airatbreigsinn le 'cbairdean uile,aon
an deigb aoin dbiubb dh' fbailnicb, 'us
db' fbàg iad esan gu dubbacb. Sbil
debir Mbalambin 's an oidbcbe, cha 'n
fhaiceadb i locbran nan speur; b'ambuil
i 's reul na niaidnc, glas neulacb an
dcigb gacb locbrain. Tbàinig guth ann
am badaibb nan coilltean, agus b' ait
an fbuaim. "Bidb Oisein 's Malambiu
gu luatb leinn." Tha sarbhean Oscair
ag radh:
"Fosglaibhse talla nan speur,
Aithriclie Oscair can cruaidh bheum;
Fosglaibhso dorsa nan uiall.
Tha ceuma Mhalambin gu dian."
Db' fbas gutb Cbona balbb, agus cha
'n'eil faisneacb a' bbàird gun bbrigh:
"Pill thusa gu d'fhois Oisein chaoimh,
'S na guil nis mo an deigh na dh'f halbh:
Cho fhad 'sa bbios grian no gealach ann,
Cba'n airmhear iad am measg nam
marbh !
-*S gus an caochail na h-uile ni tha fo 'n
gbrein,
A bhàii d chaoimh nan iomadh sgeul,
Cha 'n f hailnich da chumhachd no do
chliù,
'S cha ghearrar do chuimhne o mheasg
an t-sl6igh.
CONA.
NA TRI BANTFvAICHEAN.
Bba triùir bbantraicbean ann roimhe,
agus bba mac aig gacb tu dbiubb. 'S e
DùmbnuU a b' aium do mbac a b-aoQ
diubb. Bba ceitbir daimb aig Dombuull,
's cba robh acb da dbamb au fbir aig
càcb. Air son sin bba iad daonnaa a'
trod ag radb gu'n romb'n corr feoir aig
DombnuU 'na bba aca fbein. Oidbcbe
dbe na b-oidlieacban cbaidb iad do 'n
rabainnir agus mbarbb iad na daimb aig
Dombnull. Air do DbùmbnuU eiridh
's a' mbaduinn cbaidb e 'cboimhead a
cbuid dbamb, agus fhuair e marbb iad.
I)b-flieann e iad, 's sbaill e iad, Jigus
thug e leis to dbe na seicbeacban do 'u
bbaile-mbor air son a reic. Bba'n
t-ustar cbo fada 's gun d' tbàinig an
oidbcbe air mu 'n d' ràinig e 'm baile-
mòr; agus cbaidb e 'staigb do cboille
's cliuir e 'n t-seicbe mu 'cbeann.
Tliàiuig grunnan ian 'slaidb iad air an
t-scicbe. Cbuir DombnuU a mach a
lamb, 'srug e air fear dbiubb. Ma
Treas Mio3 an Fhogharaidh, 1872.
AN GAIDHEAL.
203
shoillseachadh an latha dh-eiricli e 's
dh-fhalbh e. Ghabh e gu taigh duine-
nasail. Thàinig an duine uasal gus an
dorus, 's dh' fheòraich e do Dhòmhuull
dè bh' aige 'n a achlais. Fhreagair
Dòmhnull gu'n romli fiosaiche. "De 'n
fhiosaclid a bhios e 'deanamh" ars' an
duine uasal, "Bithidh na h-uile seorsa
fiosachd" arsa Dòmhnull. "Thoir air
fiosachd a dheanamh," ars' an duine
uasal. Dh-fhaisg Dòmlinull an t-ian
gus gu 'n d' thug e ran as. "Ciod e 'tha
e 'gradh?" ars' an duine uasal. "Tha
e 'gradh gum bheil toil agadsa 'cheann-
ach, agus gu 'n tabhair thu da chiad
punnd Sasunnach air" arsa Dòmhnull.
"Mata, gu cinnteach!" ars' an duine
uasal, "tha e fior, agus ua'm bithinn a'
smaoineachadh gu'n deanadh e fiosachd
bheirinn sin air." Cheannaich an duine
nasal, an sin, an t-ian o Dhòmhnull air
son da chiad punnd Sasunnach. "Fiach
nachreic thuri duine 'sam bith e" arsa
Domhnull, " gun fhios nach d' thig mi
fhein fhathasd ga iarraidh. Cha d' thug-
ainn dut air sou tri mile punnd Sasunn-
ach e mar bitheadh gu'm bheil mi aun
an eiginn." Dh'fhalbh Domhnull dach-
aidh 's cha d' rinn an t-ian an còrr fios-
achd.
'N uair a ghabh Domhnull a bhiadh,
thoisich e air cunntadh an airgid, agus
CO 'bha 'ga choimhead ach na fir a
mharbh na daimh; a's thainig iad a
steach. "A DhòmhnuiU" ars' iadsan
"cia mar a fhuair thusa na tha'n sin de
dh-airgead?" "Fhuair mar a gheibh
sibhse e cuideachd. 'S mi 'bha toilichte
gu'n do mliarbh sibh na daimh orm"
arsa Domhnull. "Marbhaibh-se na
daimh agaibh fein agus feannaibli iad ;
thugaibh leibh na seicheachan do'u
bhaile mhòr, 'sbithibh ag èigheachd '-co
^cheannaicheas seiche claimhf agus gheibh
sibh pailteas airgid." Mharbh a's
dh-fheann iad na daimh. Thug iad
leotha na seicheachan do'n bhaile mhòr,
'sthòisich iad air èigheachd ^'■co ^cheann-
aicheas sficltc daiinhV Lean iad air
eigheachd sin fad an latha. 's muinu-
tir a' bhaile mhòir a' deanamh spòrs
orra; agus mu dheireadh thill iad dhach-
aidh. Cha romh fhios aca 'n so ciod e
'dheanadh iad, 's bha aithreachas orra
chionn na daimh a mharbh adh. Chunn-
aic iad mathair Dhòmhuuill a' dol do 'n
tobar, rug iad oirre 's thachd iad i.
Bha Domhnull a' gabhail jongantais
nach ro 'mhàthair a' tighinn. Chaidh e
'choimhead air a son, 's fhuair e i marbh
aig an tobar. Cha romh fios aige de
'dheanadh e; ach thug è leis dhachaidh
i, 's a la 'r na mhàireach sgeadaich e i
anns an aodach a b' fhearr a bh' aice,
's thug e do 'n bhaile mhòr i. Choisich.
e suas gu taigh an rlgh 's i aige air a
mhuinn. Air dha thighinn gu taigh an
righ thachair tobar mhòr ris, agus stob
e 'bhata 'm bruaich na tobarach, 'schuir
e a mhàthair 'na seasamh ri 'thaic.
Ràinig e dorus taigh an righ; bhuail e,
's thainig searbhanta 'nuas. " Abair ris
an righ" ars' esan "gu'm bheil boireann-
ach coir thallud 's gu'm bheil gnothach
aice ris." Dh-innis an t-searbhanta so
do 'n righ. "Abair ris a radh rithe
tighinn a nail" ars' an righ. "Tha'n
righ ag iarraidh ort a radh rithe tighinn
a nail" ars an t-searbhanta ri Domhnull.
"Cha teid mise; siubhal fhein ann; tha
mi sgith gu leòr" ars' a Domhnull,
Dh-fhalbh an t-searbhanta 'n so, 's ars'
a Domhnull "mar a freagair i thu, put
gu math i, oir tha i bodhar." Ràinig an
t-searbhanta agus labhair i. " A' bhoir-
eannaich choir, tha 'n righ ag iarraidh
oirbli fein tighinn a nail." Cha d'thug
a' chailleach feairt. Phut i i 's cha d'
thubhairt a' chailleach facal. Bha
Domhnull a' faicinn mar a bha 'muigh.
"Tarruing am bata o 'h-uchd" arsa
Domhnull, "'sann 'na cadal a thai."
Tharruing i 'm bata o 'h-uchd, agus sid
a' chailleach an coinneamh a cinn do 'n
tobar; agus aig an am dh' eigh Domh-
null "Om'eudail! m'eudail! mo mhath-
air air a bàthadh anns an tobair! ciod e
'ni mise'n diugh!" Bhuail e 'n so a
bhasan, 's cha robh ran a bheireadh e as
nach cluinnte miltean air astar. Thainig
•04
AN GAIDHEAL.
Treas Mlos an Fhogharaidh, 1872.
an rigli a mach, agus ars' esan ri Dòmh-
null, "0 gbille na toir gnth gu bràtb
air is pàigliidh mise do mhàthair. — Ciod
e 'n t-sinm a bhios tu 'g iarraidh oirrel"
"Còig ciad puund Sasunnach" arsa
DomhuuU. "'Stu'glieibli sin gii'u dàil"
ars' an righ. Fhuair Dòmhnull an
t-suim airgid a dh' iarr e; dli' flialbh e
far an romli a mhàthair ; thug e dbi an
t-aodach a bh' oirre; 's thilg e 's an
tobar i.
Chaidh e 'sin dhachaigli agus thòisicli
e air cuuntadh a cliuid airgid. Aig an
am CO 'thigeadli acli an dithis eile,
'clioimhead an romh e brònach an deigh
bàs a mhathair; agus air dhoibh an
t-airgead fhaicinn, dh-fheoraich iad
c' àite 'n fhuair e na bha sud. '"Fhuair"
arsa DombnuU "far am faigheadh sibhse
pailteas na'n toilicheadh sibh fein."
"Cia mar a gheibh siun e?" "Marbh-
aibh-se 'ur màthraichean; thugaibh
leibh air 'ur muin iad; rachaibh thun a'
bhaile mhoir leotha; bithibh ag eigh-
eachd, 'Co ^chcannaicheasseanachailleach-
an marhhaT 's gheibh sibh 'ur fortau."
'N uair a chuala iad so chaidh iad
dhachaigh, 's shin gach fear diubh air a
mhathair fhein le clach 'am mogan gus
an do mharbh e i. An la 'r na mhkir-
each, dh-fhalbh iad do 'n bhaile mhòr
leotha ; 's thoisich gach fear diubh air
cigheachd, '■Co' chcannaicheasseana chaill-
each mliarhh X ach cha romh duiue
'cheanuaicheadh am bathar sin. 'N uair
a bha muinntir a' bhaile mhuir sgith a'
gabhail spt)rrs orra, chuir iad na coin
na 'n deigli dhachaigh.
Thàinig iad dhacliaigh fann, sgith,
's chaidil iad gu maith an oidhche sin.
An la'r na mhàireach 'nuair a dh-eirich
iad thainig iad far an robh Dòmhnull,
rug iad air, 's chuir iad ann am baraille
e. Dh-fhalbh iad leis gus a thilgeadh
sios 0 mhullach creige. Bha iad a' dol
air an aghaidh leis — 's fear mu seach aca
'g a ghiulan. Ars' an dara fear diubh
" O'n tha 'n t-astar cho fada, 's an latha
cho teth, bu choir duinn a dhol a staigh
do thaigh a ghabhail drama." Chaidh
iad a staigh, 's dh-fhàg iad Dòmbnull
anns a' bharaille air an rathad mhor a
muigh. Chual e tristrich a' tighinn,
's CO 'bha 'n so ach cibear le ciad caora.
Ghabh an cibear air aghaidh agus shin
Dòmhnull air seinn trump a bh' aige 'sa'
bharaille. Ars' an cibear 's e 'bualadh a
bharaille le a bhata "co tha 'n so?" —
"Tha mise" arsa DomhnuU. "Ciod e
'tha thu a' deanamh an so?" ars' an
cibear. "Tha mi 'deanamh an fhortain
ann" arsaDomhnull, "'scha'nfhacaduine
riabh a leithid so de dh-àite le or 'as
airgead. Tha mise 'n deigh mile sporan
a lianadh 'an so, agus tha m' fhortan
an coinneamh 'bhi deanta." '"S truagh"
ars' an cibear, "nach leigeadh tu mi-
fhein a steach treis." "Cha leig; 's mòr
a bheireadh orm e." " 'S cinnteach gu'n
leig thu ann mi air son aon mhineid,
agus gu 'm faod pailteas a bhi agad fein
co-dhiu." "An leobhra 'dhuine bhochd
o'n tha thu cho feumach, leigidh mi ann
thu, cuir fhein an ceann as a' bharaille
's thig an so ; ach cha-n fhada 'gheibh
thu 'bhi ann" arsa Dòmhnull.
Thug an cibear an ceann as a' bharaille,
's thàiuig DòmhnuU amach, a's rug e air
dhà chois air a' chlbear, 's thilg e an
coinneamh a chinn 's a' bharaille e.
"Cha-n- eil airgead no or an so" ars' an
cibear. " Cha-n fhaic thu dad gus an
d' theid an ceann 's a' bharaille" arsa
Dòmhnull. "O cha-n fhaic mise ni air
bith an so" ars' an cibear. "Mar a faic,
biodh agad," arsa DomhnuU.
Dh' fhalbh DomhnuU 's chuir e air am
breacan a bh' air a' chlbear, 's an uair a
chunnaic an cu am breacan, lean e
DomhnuU. Thainig na fir a bha 'gòl
amach, rug iad air a' bharaille, 'sthog iad
air an guaillibh e. Dh-fhalbh iad leis;
agus theireadh an cibear 'an ceaun na
h-uile mionaid, " Mise 'th' ann, raise
'th'ann." "0 's tu bhraidean, 's math
gur tu." Ràinig iad bed na creige 's
leig iad sios am baraille leis a'chreig 's an
cibear 'n a bbroinn.
Air dhoibh pilleadh, co chitheadh iad
ich DomhnuU le 'chù 's le 'bhreacan, 's
Treas Mlos an Fhogharaidh, 1872.
AN GAIDHEAL.
205
ciad caora aige ann am pàirc. Ghabli j Bha sia bann-lamh' deii": air àird'
lad a null far an robh e, agus ars' iad- j 'S na h-adhVcean a b' àiUidh sniomh.
san, " O Dhòmhnuill, cia mar a fhuair 9?"'^ ^^"^'^^ ^^^ iubhar caol
t'sa
Chuir air ghleus
fhaodail chòrr—
dealbhach, grinn.
'S shnaim e 'n taifeid iir gu teaun,
'S an cleith bho shiil-bheachd na Greig'
Air chùl sgiath nan treun gun mheang.
Chum 's uach brùchdadh neart nan nàmh
A mhosgladh a' bhlàir romh 'n am,
Seal mu 'm biodh fuar marbh, fo chreuchd,
Ceannard Greugach nan geur lann.
Thog e beul-còmhdaich a' bhuilg,
'S fhuair e calg guineach a' bhàis,
I Fi'ith-i)hacach, iteach, ùr, slim,
thusa tighinn an so?" "Fhuair .v.„^,„, . , , ,.
Dòmlmufl, "mar a gheibheadh sibhse P^l^f^^^^f^^g"^,^ . , _
, c 1 11 IT- A 1 '• 1 ^ chomhdaich e 'u da rumn le h-or.
nam fiachadh sibh ris. An deigh Leag e sios air làr am ball
dhorahsa n saoghal thall a ruigsinn,
thuirt iad rium gun d' ràinig mi ro thrà,
's chuir iad a nail mi 's ciad caora 'n a mo
chois gu airgead a dheanamli dhomh
fhein." "Agus an d' thugadh iad a'
leithid sin dhuinne na 'n rachamaid f6iu
ann?" ars' iadsan. "Bheireadh, 's iad a
bheireadh" arsa Dòmhnull. "Ciod e 'n
dòigh air am faigh sinn dol ann" ars'
iadsan. "Direach air an aon doigh air j Aobhar nan deich mile cràdh.
an do chuir sibh fein mis' ann?" ars' esan. i Ghrad-chuir e 'n t-saighead an crois,
Dh' fhalbh iad, 's thug iad leotha da \ Saighead gheur nan dosgainn truagh
bharaille gu iad fhein a chuir unnta gu """ ' i~-->i-'
h-àrd. 'N uair a ràinig iad an t-àite
chaidh fear dhiubh ann a h-aon de na
baraillean, 's thilg am fear eile sios leis
a' chreig e. Thug am fear sin ran as
shios 's an eanchaiun an deigh dol as leis
a' bhuille 'fhuair e. Dh' fheoraich am
fear eile de Dhòmhnuil ciod e 'bha e 'g
radh. "Tha e'geigheach, '■ Crodh as
caoraich! maoin a's mathas !' " arsa Dòmli-
null. "Sios mi! sios mi!" ars' am fear
eile. Cha d' fhan e ri 'dhol anns a'
bharaille ach ghrad leim e sios, 's chaidh
an eauchainn as. Thill DòmhnuU
dhachaidh s bha 'm fearann aige
fhein. — Sgeidachdan Gaidhealack.
dha
MAR A CHAIDH MENELAUS A
LOT LE PANDARUS.
Air a thionndadh gu Gàilig Abraich :
bho 'n cheathramh Duan de 'n Iliad —
le EoBHAN Mac Lachlainn.
Labhair i 's dh' impich foill,
Cridh' gun sgoinn gu gniomh gun bliuaidh :
Tharruing e 'n tiota air lom
Bogha crom bu liomhaidh snuagh.
Adh'rcean bras-ghaibhre nan cruacb
A bhuail 'fhiubhaidh luath roimh'nchliabh;
A preas-falaieh leum an calg,
'S i 'direadh nan garbhlach liath.
'S teach 'n a h-uchd chaidh an gtith searbli,
Thait i marbh air creag nan sliabh;
S riun iirnaigh bho chridh' gu dian
Ri mur-dhia nam fiùbhaidh luath ;
'S gheall iar 'ath-philleadh gu 'thir
Gu 'n tairgeadh e an iobairt shaor,
A choig fichead ceud-ghin uan
Air làr Shelia, stuaigh a ghaoil.
An sin ghlac an cuimsiche còrr
An èarr ghobhlach, 's an deagh shreang;
Tharruing e 'n taifeid gu 'chich,
'S a chuilc dhireach gu fior-cheann;
'N uair bha 'm bogh' air a shàr-lagh
Mar mhòr-chearcall, a' spadh chruaidh,
A dha bhàrr cuideachd, ach gann,
Bhreab am ball bu ghliongrach fuaim.
Shraun an taifeid le h-àrd-eubh
Leum air ghaoth nan speur 'n a still
Le h-acras caothaich gu feòil*
Fiùbhaidh chròcach nan geur-ruinn.
Dhuts', a Mhenelàuis thrèin,
Cha b' ascaoin na de bhith-bhuan:
'S i Pallas euchdach nam blàr
'Dhion bho 'n Eug thu s a' chàs chruaidh.
Thill i 'n dealg-bhior bho d'chaorah chneas,
IMarmhàthair an taic a luaidh,
'Dh' fhuadaicheas creithleag bho ghnùis,
'Micein ùir 'se trom 'n a shuain.
Stiùir Pallas gu seòlt' an calg
Gu sroath ghrinn nan ailbheag òir
A dhaingnich an cries gu dlùth
Far 'm bu diibailt uchdach chòrr.
Lot an t-iarunn stim nan greis
Gòrsaid cheutach nam breac dhealbh,
* "Is minigle Homer, trid samhlachaidh, anam a thoirt
do nithibh gun anam. Anns gach seanchas is ro-thait-
neacb a' bhuaidh bheothacfaaidh 80 : mar a thuirt e (mu Tk.
t-saighid) : Le h-acrAS caothaich," &c. Aristot. Ehet. Ill
206
AN GAIDHEAL.
Treas Mlos am Fhogharaidh, 1872.
'S an fhalluing ri taic a clileibh
A bhac neart nan reub-ghath searbh.
Riach an giiinn' a chraicionn maoth
Eomh 'n deagli-fhaobh bu dliith ri 'chòm;
An f huil chraobhach bhiiicbd gu luath
']>! a blàth shiuitbean ruadh romh 'n toll.
SOLUS A' PEALRADII MACH A
DORCIIADAS,
Eadar-theamgaichte leis an Ukkajiacii
Alasdair Camshkon.
An doighibh dlorahair gluaisidli Dia,
Tboirt 'iongantais inu'n ciiairt;
Mar cbarbad dha tha 'n doinionii dbian.
'S tha lorg a' chois' 's a' chuau.
An doimhneaclidan do gbliocas sior
Tha 'rùiutean taisgte suas;
Is cuirear leis a thoil an gnlomh,
Mar 's miann leis fein gach uair.
Ur-mhisneacli glacaibh, naoimh gun
treòir,
Na neoil a's duirch' tha Ian
Do throcair chaoinih, is doirtear leo
Oirbh maitheas mòr gun dàil.
Na measaibb Dia tre shealladb mbàin,
'N a gbrus cuiribb 'ur dùil;
Air cùl an fbreasdail dbuircb tha grudh
A' lasadb gbnàth 'n a ghnùis.
A rCiintean abaichidh gu luath,
•'S iad fosgladh suas gun tàrnh ;
'S ged robh a' gbucag searbh 's an uair,
Didh mills' is buaidh 's a' bhlàth.
As-creidimh dall theid ell 's gach ceum,
Gniomb Dho a chaoidb cha sgriid;
''Se Dia 's fear-ni nieacbaidli dha fciu,
'S ni soilleir reidh gach cuis.
LITIR 0 EUNASDACIL
A Gliàidlieil Gliaolaicb,
Gheall mi iunis an litir mu dhoircadli
a chiiir mi tluigaibh gun innsinn duibli cuid
dc na scan nitlie faoiii a cbruinnich mi air
mo tliuras leadh na Gàidliealtachd.
Tha mi a nis a' dol a thoirt oidhirp air
mo ghcalladh a choilionadh. Ach an creid
sibhse ini, 'n uair a their mi ruibh gu 'm
bheil mi, mar is motha 'bhcachdaicheas mi
air na nitheau amaideacli ud, air mo dliaing-
ncachadh anns a' bharail, gu'm blicil aig
mòran dhiubli an steidh ann am firian
eigin? — nach robh ann an cuid dhiubh ach
d(Mgh bhàrdail air ni tigin a chumail air
chuimhne, no rathad seòlta a ghabh daoine
glice air firinn shònruichtc a thcagasg do-
shluagh a bha aig an am cho aineòlach nach
tuigcadh iad an ni a bha air a theagasg
n'an rachadh a chuir fa'n comhair air
dhùigh eilc? Ach leigidh sinn seachad so aig
an am is bheir sinn ciiid de'n ghòraich ud a
lathair. Anns an litir so tha 'mhiann orm
labhairt air bcachd a bha aon uair cumanta,
is nach'eil fhathast turbàs,anns a' Ghaidh-
ealtachd, 'se sin, creideas ann an droch-
chòmhlaichean. 'Bha e air a Ian chreidsinn
gun robh cuid de nithibh, de chreutairibh,
agus de dhaoinibh nach robh idir cncasda a
thacliairt air ncacli. Na'm biodh tu 'dol a
chum margaidh, no air tùir mnatha, no air
air ghnothach cudthromach air bith eile,
dh' f haodadh tu tilleadh dhachaidh n' an
tachradh aon de na nithibh, neo-sheunta ud
ort. Am measg nan nithe nach robh idir
sona, n'amb'fhior, bha an fheadhainn a
Icanas: Cha robh e ceart ma bha tliu 'dol
air thiiras uighean a ghabhail chum do thra
maidne. Cha mhotha a bha e sona piogh-
aid a thachairt ort no seilicheag air lie luim,
no uan no searrach fhaicinn 'san culthaobh
riut. — Ach cha 'n c a mhidn gun robh iad so
fior mi-shealbhach ri tachairt orra "nuair bha
thu dolair thuras, ach bha iad a' cur air
mhanadh droch f hortan fad na bliadhua, ma
se is gu'm biodh a chiad seihcheag a chith-
cadh tu air àitc lom, agus a chiad uan agus
searrach 's an culthaobh riut. Is còmhla ri
so uile,nan cluinncadhtu a chuthag air son'
na ciad uair 's an òg Shamhradh mu'n do
bhlais thu Ion, bha cupan do mhi fhortain
L'ln. Cha ruigeadh a leas sùil a bhi agad
ach ri tubaistcan, drocii-fhortan agus rosadan
fad na bliadhna. A chum am mi-f hortan
so a sheachnadh bha e na chleachdainu
"greim cuthaige" a ghabhail 'sa' mhaduinn.
B' aithne dhomh iad a bha 'cur mir de
dh' aran fo'n chluasaig aca, a chum ithcadh
'nuair a dhùisgeadh iad a mochra, 'us gu'm
biodh mar so toiseach aca air a' chuthaig.
Tha mi cinnteach gu'n cuala iomadii aon
de luchd-leugh:'.idh ''A' Ghàidheil" an rann:
(.'liiiala mi 'chuthag gun bhiadh 'am bhroinn^
Chunua mi searrach 'sa chiilthaobh rium,
Cluinna mi seilcheig air lie luim,
Is dh'aithuich mi nach rachadh a'
bhliadhiia sin learn.
Cha 'n 'oil fhios agam ciod a b' aobhar do
ua barailean so. Math dh'fhaodte a thaobh
Tnas Mi OS an Fhogharaidh, '.
AN GAIDHEAL.
na cuthaig gur e an leasan a bha air a
theagasg, gn'm bu choir do dliaoinibh a bhi
moch air an cois ; oir bha meas mòr aig 'ur
n-athraichean air moch-eiridh. Bha iad a'
creidsinn aun am firiun an teagaisg a bha
ai: a chur sios ann an rann beurla air am
bleil gach aon eòlach. Bha an rann so ag
radii gn'ni b'e. "A bhi àmail ma thamh,
agus mocli air do chois, an dòigh gu bhi
saoibhir, bhi falan 'us glic." Ach is eagal
leam, "air maduinn chiiiin cheitein" gu 'm
feumadh iad "a bhi bogadh nan gad"
'•mu'n blaiseadh an t-eun an t-uisge" ma
se is gum bitheadh an trath maidne seachad
ma'n goireadh a' chuthag. A thaobh an
rainn so mu'n chuthaig, chuala mi freagairt
air a tlioirt dha is flora gu fada na an teag-
asg a tha ann. Be so e :
Ged 'chuala mi 'chuthag gun bhiadh 'am
bhrolun,
Ged'chunnamisearrach 'sachùlthaobhrium,
Ged 'chunna mi seiicheag air lie luim,
Is coma leam sud, ma bhios Dia leam.
Bha e mar an ceudna air a mheas neo
shona, thu a dhi-chuimlmeachatlh ni air
bith as tilleadh air a shon. Na'n deanadh
tu so, cha chinneadh do ghnothach leat air
aon chor, Tha giiocas anns a' bharail so,
oir ged nach b'e an tilleadh air ais a dhean-
adh dolaidh ort, bha e 'dearbhadh, nach
robh thu a'd ghille gnothuich maith, nach
robh annad ach claobaire gun òrdugh mar
bha thu mar so 's a' cheud dol a mach a' di-
chuimhneachadh. Bha mar an ceudna a
mhaigheach na fior dhroch chomhlaiche,
a chionn, math dh' fhaodte gur i caillcach
èigin a bha air i feiu a chur ann an riochd
gearra. Oir bha, n'am b' f hior, an cumh-
achd so aig na buidsichean iad fein a chur
ann an cruth a' chreutair cheithir-chasaich
so.
Labhraidh mi- ann an litir eile mu'n ni so,
buidseachas, is air an aobhar sin cha'n abair
mi tuillidli mu na cleasan acasan aig an am.
Ach cha 'n e 'mluiin gu'n robh creutairean
de'n t-seùvsa so na'n drocli chomhlaichean,
ach bha daoine ann mar an ceudna nach
robh cneasda a choinneachadh. Bha mi
fein eòlach air aon no dha aig an robh an
■cliii so. B'aithne dhomh duine coir 'us
na'm b'e a' cheud aon a thachradh air iasg-
airean, mar a bha iad air an rathad thim a'
bhàta aca, thilleadh iad dachaidh, oir. cennn
cha ghlacadh iad n'an tachradh esan orra.
Cha 'n aitline dhomh carson a f huair an
duinc so an t-ainm, oir tha f hios agam nach
do thoill se e, oir is iomadh uair a thachair
6 orm fhein is cha robh e riamb na dhrocli
chomhlaiche dhomh. Ma bha neach air
bith na dhroch chomhlaiche, is gun robh a
thoil agad nach deanadh e coire ort, cha
robh agad ach full a thoirt as os ceann
analach, is cha b' urrainn e coire air bith. a
dheanamh ort. Tha seann duine a b'aithne
dhomh, a tha fhathasd a lathair (cho f hada
"s as fios domh,) a tha beagan cearr 's an
inntinn. Bha e Ian do dh' ubagaibh agus do
ghisrigeaibhaguslàn chreidsin aige gun robh
muinntir ann a bha na'n droch chomhlaich-
ean. Bha 6 aon uair 's an tràigh chailleag,
'usthùinigboireannachcùir a thrusadh maor-
aich mar an ceudna, thainig i eadar esan
agus a' ghrian, 's thuit a faileas air. Ghrad
thog esan air a chliabh is dh' fhalbh e
dhachaidh. An la'r na mhiiireach bha e
dol do'n bhaile mhargaidii a b'fhaisgeair, air
ghnothach, is co a chiad aon a thachair air
ach a' cheart bhean. "Bheir mise ort,"
ars' esan, "nach bi thu daonnan a' cur buid-
seachas ormsa." Is taimear e botal a bha
aige 'na achlais is ghearr e 'bhean choir 'sa'
mhaladh. Thug e a leithid do phaillearfc
dhi 's gun do theab e cur as di. Chaidh a
thoirt gu mod. Dh'fheòraich am breith-
eamh dheth "Ciod a thug ort a' bhean a
bhualadh? Ciod a rinn i ort?" "Rinni
gu leòir orm" fhreagair e, "bha i daonnan a'
cur ubagan orm, is bha mi direach ga m.'
dhion fein o a gisreagaibh le fuil a thoirt as
a maladh." Chaidh fhaighinn a mach nach
robh e gu buileach 'n a chiall fein, is air an
aobhar sin chaidh cùram a ghabhail dheth.
Ach cha b'e daoine mearanach a mhàin a
bha aon uair a' creidsinn a leithid so do dh'
amaideachd, ach muinntir a bha pongail
tuigseacli gu leòir a thaobh nithean eile.
Tha mi 'sa' bheachd gu'm bheil dliith
dhaimh eadar creideamh ann an droch
chomhlaiche agus a' chleachdainn ud a tha
coitchionn gu leòir 's a' bhaile so fein ris an
abrar '\first-footing" anns a' Bheurla. Is e
an ni o'm bheil a' chleachdainn so a sruth-
adh, gu'm bheil e air a mheas neo shona dol
do thigh neach air tiis na bliadhn' uire guu
tiodlilachd eigin a'd làimh. Ma theid thu
falamh ann tha thu a' toirt gainne is bochd-
ainn chum an tighe. Ach ma bheir thu
leat tiodlilachd eigin, .'us gum bheil thu fein
a bhàrr air sin a'd chomhlaiche math tha
thu 'toirt sonais 'us rath 'ga ionnsuidh. Tha
e air a mheas na ni fior olc ni air bith iarr-
aidh air lasad air latlia na bliadhna uire:
gu sònruichte fadadh teine. Na'n tuiteadli
gun rachadh an teine I'ls agus nach robh
208
AN GAIDHEAL.
Treas Mios an Fhogharaidh, 187?.
igh agad air fhadadh, b' fhcarr a bhi gun
ne idir no gnn rachadli t\\ a shireadh
foid tcine air coimhearsnacb. Na'n tigcadh
ncach a dli' iarniidh teinc chum do thiglic,
is gu robh droch rim 'na bhcachd Ic so a
dbcanamb, cha robh agad adi cibbleag a
cbur ann an soitheacb uisgc,'agus thuiteadli
an teinc bha iadsan a' toirt leo ann an lub
is racliadb a bhàthadh, is mar a tuiteadh
cha robh iad comasach air coirc air bith a
dheananih aona char, mar rachadh so a
dheananih. Am cile a bha air a niheas
cearr foid tcine a thoirt u tigh, n uair bhiodh
leanabh a stigh nach d' fhuair na fiacahm.
Ma se is gun d'thugadh aon aig an robh
gcasan air bith a mach foid teine aig a
leithid sin do dh'àm, bha aobhar eagail nach
faigheadh am paisdc na fiacalan idir. Dh'
fhairtUch orm fhaotainn a mach ciod a bu
stiiidh do'n bharail amaideich so, no ciod an
co-cheangail a b' urrainn a bhi eadar foid
teine o"n teallaich agus fiacalan naoidhein
's a' chrcithcih Car do'n cheart seùrsa bha
beachdan agus clcachdainean a bha air an
coimhcad a thaobh dol air imrich. Bha e
feumail air son so gum biodh hatha ceart air
a thaghadh. 'N uair a thigeadh tu a chum
an tighe anns an robh thu ri còmhnuidli a
ghabhail, bha e na ni gHc crcutair beo a
chur a stigh air an dorus ma'n rachadh aon
do'n teaghlach a steach. Bha c na ni f ior
mi shona cat a thoirt air imrich uis lugha
na gun rachadh a thilgeil a stigh ma'n rach-
adh ball de'n carnais a steach ; na'n rachadh
so a dheanadh cha bhiodh olc air bith a'
leantuinn a bhi toirt a' chait air imrich. Bha
Di-sathurn air a mheas na dhroch hatha
dol air imrich agus Di-luan na latha fior
shona. A reir scann rann a chuala mi, cha
robh a reir aogais ach da latha anns an
t-seachdainn air am bu choir imrich a dhean-
adh. Tha an rann ag radh :
Di ciadain craobhaidli,
Diar-daoin daladi,
Di-h-aoine clia'n 'oil c buadhar,
'S cha dual duit falbh am uiàireach.
Imricli an t-Sathurna gu tuath,
Is imrich an Luain gu deas:
Ged nach biodh again acb an t-uan,
'Sann Di-luain a dh' fhalbhainn his.
Cha mhòtha a bha e air a mheas sona
do'n aon a thigeadh a' d' dhcigh, na'm fàg-
adh tu an tigh air a sguabadh gu glan.
Mar is motha a bhithcadh dc shopan, de
smùr, 's dc thrcanialusg fcadh an tighe
'sann a bu mhoth a bhiodh de bhuaidh a's de
phiseich air an teaghlaich a bha gu còmh-
nuidh ann. Cha 'n 'cil c furasd 'f haicinn
ciod is ciall do 'n t saohh bharail so, ao
ciod an ceangal a tha eadar salachar is soms.
Shaoileadh neach gur ann mar bu ghloinnt a
bhiodh tigh air fhàgail, gur ann a bu lugha
dragh a bhitheadh acasan a bha 'tighinn 3
chòmhnuidh ann. Is a bhàrr air sin ma tla
sonas idir ri 'fhaighinn 's ann ann an gloia-
cad a tha e ri fhaotuinn is cha 'n ann idir
ann an salachar. Tha eagal orm gu'm fcum
mi an litir so a tharruing gu crich. Tha
mi'iran de shean bharailibh eile air am bheil
a rim orm sgriobhadh ma's i 'ur toil-se,
Fhir-Ullachaidh, àite a thoirt dhoibh 's A'
Ghaidheal. Ach, " foghnaidh na dh'fhogh-
nas" aig aon am, is gleidhidhmi an còrr gu am
eile. Air an ath mhios labhraidh mi air an
"Droch Shiiil" air "Cronachadh" agus air
an dòigh gu dol as uatha. Ach nach mòr
an aobhar thaingealachd, gu'm bhcil na
Gàidheil a nis cho saor o chreideas a thoirt
do ghòraich de'n t-seòrsa so is 'tha sluagh
air bith 's an Eoinn-Eòrpa; gum bheil iad
a nis eòlach air firinn De a tha comasach
an inntinn àrdachadh os ccann nan saobh
bharailcan ud. Buidhcachas do'n Fhreasdal,
gum bheil Soisgeul na Sithc a' dealradh le
a sholus high air feadh ghlinn 'us shrathaibh
nan garhh chrioch 'us gum bheil eòlas is
fearr air sgaoileadh am measg au t-sluaigh.
Oir ged theagamh gun tachair an so agus an
sud oirbh cor aon a chreideas na scan nith-
can faoine ud, do'n mhòr roinn de na
Gàidhcil, tha iad cho suarach is a tha iad
do'n teallsanach as foghluimichte 's an tir.
Is ma tha cuid ann a tha 'toirt aithre dhoibh,
cha 'n 'eil iad ach a' deanamh so a chionn is
gum bhcil na seann cithe sin mar "sgeula
na h-aimsir a dh' f halbh," is gur toigh leo a
bhi 'cumail cuimhne air clcachdainean nan
"seann daoine" a tha nis 'n an cadal gu tosd-
ach samhach an Clachan 'san Cill. Ach na
di-chuimhnichemaid ma tha solus is àirde
againne na bha acasan, gu'm bhcil 0 air a
radh leis a bheul nach breugnaicliear,
"Dhoibhsan do'n toircar mòran iarar mòran
uatha." Ma tha air an aobhar sin solus is
àirde againne bithidh suil gun d' thoir sinn a
mach toradh is fearr. Ach is engal Icani'
nach 'eil a' chuis mar sin. Cha 'n 'eil mi
cinnteach gimi bheil tuillidh seirce a's caoimh-
neis ri'm faotuinn a nis, nabha 'nam measg.
san. Ma tha tuillidh soluis againn cha 'n 'eil
am barrachd blins againn.
'Si sin mo bharailsa, theagamh gum bheil
mi ceitrr.
Is mi le gach deadh dhùrachd, 'ur caraid,
Glaschu, air Cluaidh, Mlos \ RUNASDACH.
meadhoin an Fhoghair, 1872. /
I Mios an Fhogharaidh, 1872
AN GAIDHEAL.
209
S&EULACHDAN O'N " SGIATHAN-
ACH."
An Gobhainn agus am Ministeab.
Is minic a bha guaillean teine ann an
sgoman gobhainn, agus bu ro thaitneach
leis a smàladh as le uisge ni 's treasa
na uisge fionnair an tobair. Air la àraidh
chòmhlaich. gobhainn na sgireachd am
ministear, agus thachair gu 'n robh an
rathad-mòr rud beag cumhann dha; gidh-
eadh, cbuir e failte air a'mhinistear, a thubh-
airt ris, " 0 Sheumais, Sbeumais, tba mi ro
bhrònach 'f haicinn gu'm bheil thu air tois-
eacbadh air do sheann cleachdadh a ris, dh'
aindeoin nam bòid a thug thu gu minic
seachad. Ciod a dh' eireas duit, a dhuine
thruaigh, agus ciod a tba thu 'cur romhad
a dheanamh de "n bhallachan gille so agad,
— brogach glan, tapaidh, gleusda gu'n teag-
amh?" " Ma ta, a mbinisteir Pchoir, tha^mi
'cur romham a dheanamh dheth ni nach
Tirrainn thusa, ged is duine-uasal, fiosrach,
fòghluimte thu, a dheanamh, dhe d' mhac
fein." " Ciod sin, a Shei^mais, innis domh.
innis domh air ball, ciod sin?" "Ma ta.
le'r cead, a mhinisteir," ars' an gobhainn le
fiamh-'ghaire, " tba mi 'cur romham duine
a dheanamh dheth moran ni 's fearr n'a
athairl"
Thig beo gu sdbhailceach.
Bi-sa bochd, agus buanaich ann, Ogan-
aich, an uair a ta muinntir eile mu'n cuairt
duit a' fas saibhir trid foimeirt agus fòill. —
Bi-sa gu'n inbh, gu'n chumhachd, am feadh
'sa ta sluagh eile ag tiridh suas air slighibh
sleamhuinn na h-eucorach. Fulling gach
àmhghar a dh' eireas o mhealladh-dòchais,
agus gnàthaich foighdinn, an uair a ta cuid
eile a' dol air an aghaidh gu goileamach,
miodalach, seòlta! Paisg thu fein suas 'n
ad' shubhailc fein agus na cum comunn ach
ri fior charaid, '■ oir sgriòsar companach
nan amadan." larr t-aran laitheil, agus air
a shuarraichead, hi tàingeil, toilichte leis.
Ma dh' fhasas tu aosmhor, liath, air an t-
slighe urramaicli so, dean gairdeachas, agus
do'n Ard-Eigh thoir fior thàingeilcachd do
chridhe!
DONNCHADH DuBH.
BbaDonnchadh Dubh ro chomharraichte
air son gach innleachd a ghnàthaichcadh
leis chum e fein a chuideachadh ann an coir
no 'n eucoir. Cha bhiodh ni sam bith a
dhitb air Donnchadh, 'nam biodh e idir far
an ruigeadh a làmhan air. La de na laith-
bh bha muc mhòr, reamhar aig Cailean
Ban, duine bochd aig an robh bothan-tighe
goirid o thigh Dhunnchaidh Dhuibb.
Smuainich Cailean gu'n robh an t-àm aige
a' mhuc a mharbbadh agus a shailleadh.
Ach CO a thàinig an rathad ach Donnchadh
Dubh, a bha deas gu deagh chombairle
a thoirt do Chailean mu'n t-seòl air an
uUaicheadh e gach ni mu'n mhuic. " A
nis, a Chailein," deir Donnchadh, " cha 'ri
'eil aon mu'n cuairt duit am fad 's am fagus,
aig nach 'eil deagb-fhios gu'n do mharbh
thu a' mhuc mhòr andiugh, agus thig iad
as gach cearn agus cùil a dh' iarraidh
chriomana a db' f haicinn am bheil an fheoil
maith reamhar; ach 's e so a ni thusa,
Chailein, gabh a' mhuc agus tilg 's an allt
i re na h-òidhche. Cruaidhichidh an t-uisge
fuar an fheoil, agus ni e glan i, agus freag-
arrach air son an t-salainn. Ma thig neach
sam bith chum do thighe 'sa "maduinn a dh'
fhoighneachd mu 'timchioll, thoir do
mbionnan gu'n do ghoideadh i, agus an sin
cha bhi diiil aca ri mir di fhaotuinn."
■Rinn an duine bochd, amaideach, mar a dh'
iarradh air, agus thilg e closach na muice
's an linne goirid on tigh. Thàìnig Donn-
chadh Dubh anns an oidhche, an uair a bba
Cailean bochd 'n a chodal, agus ghoid e a*
mhiic air falbh as an allt. Air an ath
mhaduinn, air do Chailean 'fhaicinn mar a
thachair, thug e gu grad tigh Dhonnchaidh
air, agus dh' innis e dha gu 'n do ghoideadh
a mhuc gu'n teagamh sam bith. "Eo
cheart, ro cheart, a Chailein, abair thusa
sin, agus mo lamhsa nach eagal duit."
" Ach, tha mi darireadh, a Dhonnchaidh,
gu deimhin asus gun teagamh dh' fhalbh a
mhuc." "Dh' fhalbh, dh' fhalbh, ro cheart,
ro cheart, direach abair thusa sin, a Chailein,
agus cha'n eagal duit." "Eisd rium, a
Dhonnchaidh," agus e a' lasadh suas le
gnè chorruich, "eisd rium an uair a tha mi,
air m'onair, a' cur an ceill duit gu'n do
ghoideadh a' mhuc co cinnteach ris a' bhas."
"Sin c direach, a Chailein; 'sje sin a' cheart
ni a dh' iarr mi ort ; thoir thusa an còmh-
nuidh t'f hocal gu'n do ghoideadh a' mhuc,
agus cha chuir na coimhearsnaich dragh
sam bith ort; cuimhnich sin a Chailein,
agus dean do ghnothuch gu ro nihaith.'^
Cha deanadh e feum 's am bith do 'n duine
bhochdsmid tuilleadhalabbairt; dh' fhalbh
e gu brònach dhachaidh, agus ghleidh 'us-
dh' ith Donnchadh Dubh a' chreach !
Sgiathanach.
210
AN GAIDHEAL.
Treas Hios an Fhogharaidb, 1872.
GUTH O CHANADA.
A GH.UDIIEIL RUNAICH,
Am feadh u tha inoran dhaoine caoimli-
neil agus suairce ann an tir nam beann a'
cur fiiilte, 'us furan oirbh, agus a' guidhe
LVithean fada fabharach duibh, tha iarrtus
làidir agam innscadh duibh gu 'ni bhcil
bhur càirdeau lioumhor ana an Canada ro
thoilichte gun d' f huair sibh aoidheachd co
taitneach agus co faoilidh air taobla thall a'
chuain. Cha dean sinn idir di-chuimhne gur
anns an dvithaich òig f harsuing aghartaich
so a sgaoil sibh 'ur brcidean geahi ris an
t-soirbhcas air tiis. Cha'n'eil sprochd no
mi-thlachd oirnn ged a thrvig sibh sinn, agus
a phlanntaich sibh 'ur n' ;\ite-tuinidh ann
an dùthaich ar n-athraichean. Dileas do
Abhaistean laghach mhalda nan Gàidheal,
nochdaidh sinn gun amharus nach'eilach
smuaintcan caoimhneil a' lionadh ar cridh-
eachan an trath a tha sinn a' faicinn turus
CO reidh, ciiiin romhaibh, agus snuadh co
dreachmhor g'ur còrahdachadh. Cha bhi
sibh feargach mu dh'innseas mi duibh gum
bheil dòchas làidir aig Gàidheil Chanada
nach dean sibh dearmad air -iomradh a
dheanamh air ar duthaich agus air na
gniomharan mura 'tha sinn a' gabhail oirnn.
God is gcàrr an ùine o'n a rinn sibh imrich,
thachair iomadh ni 'n ar measg a tlia araon
airidh air cliù agus Ian de dhòchas làidir.
Tha fios cinnteach pongail agaibh fiJin gum
bheil Canada 'g eiridh gu hiath ann an ion-
mhas, ann an corahfhurtachd, agus ann an
cumhachd. O'n a chaidh roinnean Chanada
'aonadh agus a f huair sinn Parlamaid anns
am bheil daoino tapaidh seòlta hìio gach
ceàrna 's an tir a' suidhe Ic chcdle, tha e
furasda 'fhaicinn gun d' imich sinn chcana
astar mòr ann an sealbh a ghabhail anns an
diithaicli f harsuing fhoghaintich a bhuin-
eas duinn. Tha gach ce.irna 'nis le didan
'us dealas gaisgeil a' saoithreachadh a chum
^gach riaghiilt a chur air chois agus gach
'oidhirp ghasda 'dheanamh trid an d' thig
oirnn pailteas a's modha agus sonas ni's
àirde na mheal sinn f hathast. Aig an am
so fein tha upraid mhòr air feadh na diith-
cha do blirigh gun d' thàinig am taghaidh
na Parlamaid hire. Mar tha fios agaibh
fein, is e an Ridir Iain Mac-Dhòmhnuill a
tha an dràsda 'stiìiircadh long na diithcha.
Tha mòran dhaoino g'a chàineadh a;^'us g'a
smàdadh, a' cumail a mach nach 'eil e idir
airidh air mcas 'us ughdarras. Tha e da
rireadh furasda coirc fliaotainn. Is eduine
seòlta, tapaidh, geur-inntinncach a tha anns
an Ridire. Bha dragh 'us àmhghar mòr
aige mu 'n do chiiiinich e iomadh duine
fiar crosda aig nach robh iarrtus air bith
gun toiseachamaid le cheile air farsuing-
eachd uamhasach na mòr-roinn so àiteach-
adh agus fhosgladh suas. Anns na coig
bliadhanchan a tha 'nis seachad, shoirbhich
le Mac-Dhomhnuill agus a chàirdean. Tha
Canada cheana diongmholta agus samhach;
tha oibrean mora 'dol air an aghaidh; tha
cabhlach lurach a' lionadh nan abhnaichean;
tha rathaidean iaruinn g'an deanamh ; agus,
an creid sibh so? bithidh, ann an ùine
gheùrr, an t-each iaruinn a' srùunail gus a'
chuan mhòr a tha air cid America. Inn-
sibh do na h-Albannaich uile guni bheil
iomadh mile acair-fhearainn ann am Mani-
toba, far nach do chinn arbhar riamli, agus
far am bheil talamh trom brighmhor. Tha
tuarasdal mòr air a thairgseadh do gach
seirbhiseach a tha toileach saothair dhligh-
each a dheanamh. Tha fosgladh gasda
gealltanach air gach taobh do luchd-imrich
dhichioUach dheanadach. Is maith a thig e
dhuibhse impidh a chur air gach Albannach
nach 'eil toilichte le 'charamh ann an duth-
aich athraicliean, aghaidh a thionudadh a
dh 'ionnsuidh Chanada. Bithidh e duilich
geur-bharail a thabhairt seachad mu dheidh-
inn na còmhstri a tha aig an am so a' luasg-
adh na diithcha. Cha bhi e idir iongantach
mu gheibh an Ridir Mac-Dhomhnuill greim
air an àrd-inbhe 'tha e 'nis a' sealbhachadh
re coig bliadhnachan eile. Ma dh' f haoidte
gun cuala sibh gu'n d' thàinig a' chrioch air
Iain Sandfield Mac-Dhomhnuill. Cha robli
ann ach balach bochd Gaidhealach gun
mhaoin, gun charaid cumhaclidach, ann an
toiseach a laithean. Gidheadh le dichioll
's le tapachd a bha comharruichte, choisina
e maoin 'us ainm 'us seasamh àrd ann aa
gnothaichean na diithcha. Gu latha 'bhais,
bha e measail air a' Ghailig, agus bu mhaith,
bu sgiobalta, 's bu jihongail a labhradh e i.
Agus chriochnuich an t-OUamh Urram-
ach, blàthchridlieach, deas-chainnteach Mac
Leòid a chuairt thalmhaidh! An duine
lagliach, bàigheil, deas-fhoclach, dh'eug e.
An Gùidheal grinn stuama, bha sinn uile
proiseil gum buineadh e dhuinn. Dhuisg
teachdaireachd bàis an duine mhòir so
raulad mòr ann an iomadh cridhe 'san.
diitliaich so. Bha sinn uile miu-eòlach air
treubhantas 'us eud 'us dichioll Tliormoid;
agus air an aobhar so blia sinn tiamhaidh
smalanach an uair a ràinig an naidheachd
bhrònach sinn. 'N uair a tha 'Bhan-righ.
Tress Mios an Fhogharaldb, 1872,
AN GAIDHEAL.
211
■bheusacli gLaolach, prionnsaclian agus tigh
eaman, sgoileirean mora agus daoine diadh
uidb a' deanamh luaidh air àilleachd 'us
gaisge 'us fogbainteachd Thormoid, cead-
aichibh dhuinne ann an Canada 'n ni so
aithris: gum bheil doilgbeas mòr oirnn gun
do tbuit an laoch mòrail, meamnacb, oir
bba gràdb ar cridbe againn air, agus bba
sinn Ian aoibhneis, 'us aighearracb, an tràtb
a cbuala sinn gun robb Tormoid Mac Leoid
a teacbd a nail tbar a' chuain ann an ùine
gbeàrr.
"Cha'n fbàilnicb a cbumbacbd no a cbliù,
'S cha gbearar a cbuimhne o mbeasg an
t-slòigh."
Mu bbitbeas sibh iarrtuiseach air fiosracb-
adb 'fbaotainn bbo ana gu am, ciamar tha
cùisean a' soirbheacbadb ann an Canada,
cuiridb mi le toileacbadli mùr iomadb litir
d' ur n-ionnsuidb,
Is mise,
Le mòr urram agus deadh run,
Bbur caraid dileas,
ONTARIO.
Treas mios an t-Samhraidh, 1872.
ALTACHADH-BEATHA
DO Shir Coinneach Mac-Choinnich,
Triath Ghearr-Loch
Air dba seilbh a gbabbail ana am Fearann
'Aitbrichean. O'n gbiùlan ghealltauach
a bb' aige 'n a mhion-aois bba gach bochd
'us beartach dhetb 'cbuid iocbdarain 'am
beò-dhòchas gum biodh e cosmhuil ri 'aith-
ricbean, 'na uacbd;iran fiiigbantacb, fogh-
ainteach, iiiosal, agus bàigbeil.
M'aoibhneas eibhinn, inntinneach.
An sgeul an dràsd' cliaidb innseadb dliomb,
' S e gbleus mo cbàil cho iunsgineacb
Gu seinu mo tboil do 'n òig-f hear.
'S e gbleus mo chidl, &c.
'S e 'n t-òig-f hearr meadbracb matbasacb,
Tbafiùghail, fialaidb, flatbasach,
A dh-fbàs a stoc neo-gbaiseadacb,
Taigh Eacbimnach nan ròiseal.
A db-fhas a stoc, &c.
'Bbi gabbail seilbh le barantas,
'An àros àdbmbor aithricheau,
'S a' choir, 's an staoidTiie bb' aca sud,
Le macantas gun mbòr-chuis.
'S a' choir, 's an sfaoidhle, &c.
B'e suaicbeantas na h-aitim ud,
Mar chite 'n sròl am brataichean.
Ceann ciar-dbearg, cràcacb, cabarach,
Damb aigeannach nam mùi-bheann.
Ceann ciar-dhearg, Szc.
Bu lionmhor cliii ri 'fhaotuinn orr',
lad caoimhneil, càirdeil, daonnachdach,
lad miiimeacb, meineach, faoilteachail,
Gu gaolach, glic, Ian eòlais.
lad miiirneacb, &c.
Mar charraig chruaidb nach caraicheadh,
Ged reubadh stoirm an talamb dbith,
Gu seasadh iad le 'n glas-lanna,
A' casgairt luchd an comh-stri.
Gu seasadh iad, &c.
B'iad sud na leògbainn bhuadbarra,
Bha colgail, ainmeil, cruadabich,
Bhiodli armach, meanmnacb, luatb-gbaireacb-
'N uair ghluaiseadh iad 'san tùracbd.
Bhiodb armach, &c.
Bu chleachdacb anns a' mhaduinn leo
Bbi direadh mach ri bealaicbean,
Gu gunnacb, cuimseach, grad-Kimbach,
Chum tachairt ri fear croice.
Gu gunnacb, &c.
Be sud an còmblan àbbachdach,
Le 'm miol-choin ghlas, 's le 'n spaintichean,
Bhiodh fuilteacb, calgach, làn-shacach,
'N am teàrnaidb dhoibh le solas.
Bhiodh fuilteacb, &c.
'S iar ruigbeacbd Teach na rioghalufhd,
Bhiodh tiunal fhear 'us nionag ann,
'S bhiodh deoch 'g a h-òl a piosau ac; —
Deagh fhidhleireacbd 'us òrain,
'S bhiodh deoch, &c.
Bhiodh IMac-nan-creag gu sprcigeanta
Ag aithris ceòl nam feadanau,
'S an talla gbreadhuach sbeasgaireacb,
'M biodh fleasgaicbean 'an òrdugb.
'^ an talla gbreadhuach, &:c,
Bu dionach bhlàth an f hasdail ac.
Do bhàird, do chliair, 's do cheatharnaich,
'Bhiodh duanach, fuaimneacb,caithreamacb^
Le carthannas nan seòd ud.
Bhiodh duanuch, &c.
'S a Choinnich òig b' i nv iarratas,
O'n 's geug o sbùgh nam friamh ud thu,
Gu meas thu 'n ainm 's an riaghailtoan,
Ni 's fiachaile na 'n stòras.
Gu meas thu 'n ainm, &c.
Na lean 'an ceum nan uachdaran,
A tha 'cur fas nan tuatb-bbailtean,
Le'n docha Icidh m' an cuairt orra,
'S a sluagb a chur air f ògai'.
Le'n docha fciJh, &c.
212
AN GAIDHEAL.
Treas Mios an Fhoghar^dh, 187*.
Ach ùraich 's an Aois laruinn so
'Am measg na tuath' a riaghlas tu,
Gach cleachdadh bli' aig an tighearnan,
'S cha bhriag ged "theirt' Aois Oir rith'
Gach cleachdadh, &c,
Bi beachdail, smachdail, reusanta,
Gu duineil, seasmhach, treubhanta,
Na faic a' choir gu heigneachadh,
'S na h-eisd ri guth hichd fòirneirt.
Na faic a' choir, &c.
Bi aoigheil, bàigheil, sìobhalta,
'N uair thachras ort au diobarach;
Biodh bantraichean 'us dilleachdain,
Ro chinuteach as do chòmhnadh.
Biodh bantraichean, &c.
'S bi 'dh rath, 'us miadh, 'us urrani dhuit,
Gu fialaidh, pailt, 's gu bunaiteach,
'S ni sith, 'us sàimh, 'us subhachas,
A'd' thuineachas an còmhauidh,
'S ni sith, &c.
'Us thig gach ni gu 'n gnathsalachd,
Mar chleachd na suiun o'n tainig tu,
'S bi 'dh fonn, 'us ceòl, 'us àbhachdas,
'An Gearr-loch mar bu nos dhoibh.
'S bi'dh fonn, &c.
Deagh shaoghal fada, fallain dut,
"•An cUii, am. miiirn, 's an tapantachd,
Biodh beannachd thuath' 'us cheathairn' dut
'd mo bheannachd fein an tòs dut.
Biodh beannachd, &c.
LOCH-AILLSE
DO NEOINEAN
A BHA a' CINNTINN GU DOSRACH URAR FO
BHLATH AIR AN RATHAD MHOR AIR MAD-
VIKS NA BLIADHNA UIRE, 18G8.
B' ann air maduinn na bliadhn' ùire,
Ann an diildachd 'geamhraidh,
A chunnaic mise neòinean àillidh.
'S 6 mar bhlàth an t-samhraidh.
Cha b'ann fo chiirani gàradair,
No'm bruachan bl;\ an all tain,
Ach air rathad mòr an rìgh,
Gun sion do fhasgadh ann da.
Bha crodh is caoirich air gach taobh,
'S gach bile*g f haoiu gu chreim ac',
Ach saltairt air no beantainn ris,
Cha robh ann aon a rinu e.
Bha ghucag geal le bile dearg,
Bu mhais do ghruaidh bean bainnse,
'S gach duilleag uain mar roth mu'n cuairt
'Ga dhion o fhuachd 's o chrainnteachd.
O 's ann mar sud 'tha iomadh neach,
'S iad ruisgte ris an t-saoghal,
Tha deuchainn plàigh is buairidhean,
A' cuairteachadh gach taobh dhiubh.
Ach ged a dh' f heud gach cruaidh chàs ud
An cuir gu bruach na h-eiginn,
Gidheadh gu bràth cha tuit iad sios
Is làmh 'g an dlon nach leir doibh.
An Ti a ghleidh an neòinean faoin
Tre mheadhon geamhraidh gailbheich
Gu'n gluidh tre gheamhradh'n t-saoghail so
Gach neach a làimh a dhearbas.
I. C.
Leadaig.
BAS SHEJTACHERIB.
Mar mliadadh a chromas gu moch air a' chrò,
Craos-fhosgailteach, fad-fhiaclach, geur-
ineach, beò ;
Mar sid rinn àrd-cheannard Assyria 'teacM,
Ann am purpur 's un or uile-còmhdaicht'
bha 'fheachd.
Mar bhoillsge reult oidhche air muir Ghalili
Bha dealaa an lannan a lean e mar Righ.
Mar dhuilleach na coille 's an samhradh 'n a
àird,
'S au f heasgar cho lionmhor bha armailt
nan sàr ;
Mar dhuilleach na coille 'sam foghar air triall,
Bha armailt nan treun 'n uair a dh-cirich a'
ghrian I
Oir db'imich am Bàs ann an carbad na gaoith*
'S del seachad thug 'anail dhoibh galar 'us
gaoid,
lad uile 'n an sincadh 'an suan-chadal trom,
Bhuin an t-aog do na seòid, 'scha robh deò
ann an com;
Gun ghluasad 'n a shineadh 'an sid air an
fheur
Bha'n stcud-eacli a b'uallaiche gluasad an
de,
Bha 'cliuinean cruin, fosgailte, dearg, ach
ma bha,
Dh'fhalbh anail na misnich 'sua sitrich gu
bràth,
'S bha cobhar a' chruaidh-ghleachd mu 'n
cuairt air gach taobh.
Mar chop-goal nan stuadh air an sguaba' le
gaoith.
Bha 'marcach 'n a shineadh 'an sior-chadal
fuar,
'Armachd air meirgeadh 's an dealt air a
ghruaidh.
Tre*sMios an Fhogharaidh, 1872.
A^ GAIDAEAL.
213
Na pàilleanan samhach, gun giiàire, gun
cheòl,
'S na brataichean uile gun duine 'n an còir,
Na lannan caol, direach. 'n an sìneadh. 's an
fheur,
^Sna trompaidean ard-ghu'ach sàmliach, gun
gheum;
Tlia bantraichean Asuir ri coranaich àrd,
'S cru sìorruidli fo mlii-cliliù tlia lodhalan
^ Bhàail;
Oun cliòmhrag 's gun iomairt tha 'n Cinn-
each 'us 'fheachd
Ann am fianuis 'ur Dia-ne air leagliadh. mar
slmeaclid! "Bun-Lochabak,"
NAIDHEACHDAN.
Mu dheidhinn na ceisde cudthromaich a
bha eadar sinn fein agus America, tha sinn
j toilichte 'iunseadh, gu'm bheil i gu bhi air
; a cur gu taobh gun dàil ann an dòigh
' shiociiail. Bho cheann ùine bha co-chruinn-
: eachadh ann an Geneva, a' rannsachadh na
ciiise, agus a' deanamh deas air son breath
a thoirt. Bha na h-Americanaich ag iarr-
aidh gu'm pàidheadh Breatuiun £9,479,160.
133. 4d. air son a' chall a rinn an Alabama
j (agus na soithichean eile bha maille rithe)
I ©rra. Clia phàidheadh Breatuinn an t-suira
so, oir bha i air a saoilsinn ro mhòr, agus
air a h-iarraidh gu mearaclidach ; ach air a'
chùis thug a' bhuidheann a dh-ainmich sinn
breth, agus si sin gum pàidhear do na
h-Americanaich £3,229,166. I3s. 4d. Air
do uile chisibh na rioghachd blii air an
tional, bithidh pailteas airgid aig àrd ionmh-
asair a' chruin 'n a mhaileid gus na fiachan
leibeideach so a phàidheadh.
Bha an t-àrm Breatuinneach cruinn air a'
mhios a chaidh seachad ann an ceann deas
Shasuinu, ri iomairt a's deas, mar gu'm
b' ann ri cogadh a bhitheadh iad. Bha iad
air an roinn 'u am buidheannaibh; ceannard
air gach buidheann, agus iad a' stri co bu
deise 'sa b'ealanta an am a' chruadail. Ged
a thug feadhainn de na ceannardaibh iom-
adh òidugh tuaireapach, gidheadh bha a'
chuid mhor de 'n obair gu math 's gu sgiob-
alt' air a deanamli.
Dh'ainmich sinn anns an t-seachdamh
àiraamh de 'n Ghaidheal gun robh a'
bhan-righ gu cuairt a thoirt do'n taobh
tuath; agus rinn i sin. Air an t-seathamh
latha da dhara mios an Fhoghair chaidh i
tuath gu ruig Dun-Roibin. Mar a bha i
'del air a h-aghaidh bha còmhlanan 'ga
«oinaeachadh anns gaeh àite 's an robh an
carbad iaruinn a' stad. Bha Prothaiste
gach baile a' toirt sgriobhadh di, a' cur an
ceill taingealachd an t-sluaigh agus an toil-
eachais air son i a thighinn 'n am measg.
Bha mòran greadhnachais mu na h-àitean
's an robh i 'stad ; ach os cionn gach àite
tha sinn a' cluinntinn gu'n choisinn Eilgin
an turram, Ann an (ioillspidh bha na
briathraibh so anns a' Ghàilig air an sgriobh- ,
adh feadii a' bhaile, " Ar Buidheachas do'a
Bhuadhaich;" "Na h-uile latha 'chi 's nach
fhaic;" "slàintedhuibh a's solas," "Ceudmile
fàilte do Chataobh." &c. Cha robh 'leithid
a dh-fhuaim 'sa thartair rioghail 'san taobh
tuath, theagamh, o linn righ Fhionnghail
'sna Feinne. Tha iomradh am measg nam
paipearan naidheachd gu'm bheil mac aa
Uiiic Chataich a' dol a phòsadh Beitiris, an
aon nighean a tha gun phòsadh de'n teagh-
lach rioghail. Tha am Marcus òg bliadhna-
thar-fhichead, agus a' bhan-phrionnsa sia-
bliadhna-diag a dh-aois.
Tha diii gach galair, an Einderpesf, an
deigh bristeadh a raach a measg a' chruidh
ann an Siorramachd York. Chaidh gach
ni a chleachdadh air son a chumail gun
sgaoileadh, — ach gun fheum sam bith.
Tha e 'sgaoileadh 's an t-siorramachd sin,
a^us, mar a till e gu h-aithghearr, cha
b'iongantas leiun ged a bhiodh iomradh air
e 'bhi 'an Albainn ann an iiine ghearr.
Tha 'u t-iasgach 's an airde an Ear a nise
criochnaichte air son bliadhna. 'An Inbhir-
ùig, 's anns na h-àitibh iasgaich eile 'au
Cataobh 's an Gall-thaobh, cha do ghlacadh
idir uiread 's a ghlacadh an uiridh. Ach 'an
Ceann-a'-Phàdruig, as puirt eile 's chearn-
aidh sin, ghlacadh mòran eisg. Bha mu'n
cuairt do mhile bàta a mach a Geana-a'-
Phiidruig as Abar-eadhain, agus ghlac iad
dlii air ciad gu leth mile crann: no ciad ga
leth crann air a cheile. Tha deagh phris
air an sgadan 's na puirt thall, agus a bhos
mar an ceudna. Cha-n-eil iasgach trom
sam bith f hathasd anns an àirde au lar, ach
bi 'dh dùil nach d' theid an Geamhradh
seachad gun e gluasad 'an àiteigin.
Tha 'n gaiseadh anns a bhuntàta ann an
cuid de chearnaidhean (mar a dh-ainmich
sinn roimlie) ach tha sinn a' cluinntinn nach
'eil a choltas air gu'n teid e na's f haide air
aghaidh.
Tha 'n aimsear anabaiTach flinch anns
gach cearna. Tha na tuathanaich a muigh-
eadh gur h-eiginn doibh na prisean a thogail
na's àirde na 'tha iad — ged a bha muinntir
a' orearan air an airdid o chionn f hada.
214
AN GAIDHEAL.
Treas Mlosan Fhogharaidh, 1872»
Cba'n 'eil neach air thalamh
Nach fheum 'bin ga ghabhail,
'S cha tig iad ro mhath as a dbith.
2. 'S e 'ni fiodh an iuchair,
'Se'n t-uisge 'ghlas;
Chailleadh na sealgairean,
'Sfbuair an t-sealg ds.
3. ; Chi mi thall air fanas,
'Sail- bàrr na roite ruaidhe
A mac a' tighinn bho 'n mhJitbair,
'S a mhàtbair ag imeacbd uaitbe.
4. D;i fhitheacb air a' chreig,
Da fbitheacb gob ri gob,
Fitheach a feitlieamh an fhithich,
'Sco meud btheach a tha sin?
FnEAGAiRTEEN do na Toimhseachain anns
n t-seachdamb aircamh de 'n Ghaidheal.
1. AnMle.
i!. An gaol.
;i. Cliathan na h-uinneige.
4. Trl nathraichean.
6. Spaiun no gloiune.
6. An lathad mòr.
NITHE NUADH' AGUS SEAN.
Tha sinn a' ftigblum ni eigin eadhon o
challdaehd.
Feumaidh iadsan nach cuir 's an Eanacb
a bhi 'giarraidh na deirce 's an Fhoghair.
'S fearr dol timcbioli na tuiteam 'san digc.
Cuidicbidh biorana beaga nis fearr na
feadhain mhòra chum an teine 'bheothachadh.
AiRoiou AGUS UiNE. — Aig airgiod agus
ùine tha mòran an luach fuin. " Chan urrahin
an tl a chuireas an t aon gu drocb bhuil, an
t-aon cile 'chur gu deagh bhuil.
Cha n eil duine ann cho suarach 'na chaith-
beatba 'snach feud a ghiuiau a bhi chum
lochd d'a choimhearsnach.
Na l^g ni sam bith gun dheanamh a ta
freagarrach ann an ciiis n'an obair a ta dligh-
each a bhi deunta. Measar cumhachd an
duine leis an ni air an cuir e crioch, agus ni
h-ann leis an ni air am feud e ionnsuidh a
thabhairt.
Feudar Firinn, Subh ailc agus Sonas a bhi
air aui faineachadh o cheile, ach cha 'n urr-
aiun iad a bhi air an eadar-dhealachadh.
Theid iad mar phcathraiche griidhach, diùth-
dhaingnichte r'a cheile, agus a' boillsgeadh
soluis na diadhachd ann an cridhe an duine.
SOP AS GACH SEID.
Ma 's dubh ma 's odhar no ma's donn,
'S toigh leis a' ghabhar a meann.
Mionach a' bheathaich ismaoile,
Air adhaircean a' bheathaich is bioraiche.
Am fear is treise an uachdar,
'S am fear is^luaithe air an toiseach.
Seacbd bliadhna, saoghal a' chait,
Sin gu h-eibhinn agus ait,
Seach sin codal ugus turchardaich.
Bha dithis mhac aig duine iiraidh; agus
b'hbhaist do 'n dara fear a bhi 'geiridh gu
moch 'n uair a bha am fear eile na chudal.
Air am eigin fhuair fear na moch diridh sjjor-
au airgid air an ratliad. Ars' athair agus e
dol leis an sporan thun an f hir a bha s an
leabaidh "na'm bitheadh thusa aireiridh cho
moch ri do bhratbair dh-fhaodadh thu fhein
an sporan fhaighiun," '"Smath dh-fhaoidhte
gu-m faodadh," ars' csan '-ach na'm bitheadh
n duine boehd a chaill e na chadal cho | (^•^re.'" Tha'N Gaidiieal ro fhada 'san
amhach riumsa, cha chailleadh c 'sporan." I adharc air son a leithid sin. Chuir Gilleas-
Tliuirt leanabh iiraidh ri brlithair athair | I'.u'o thugainn òran uair-eigin, agus gheall
gu 'm bu choir dha a bhi faicioliach gun dad : ^*"" feum a dheanamh dheth; ach tha ion-
ach airgiod cruaidh a bhi aige 'n uair a bhas- gantas air nach 'eil e 'ga fhaicinn anise, 'sA'
FREAGAIRTEAN.
NiALL Crubach a ris. — Nach e Niall Cril-
bach a tha bagarrach? Am bheil e'smaoin-
eaehadh naeh'eil^againne ri dheanamh ach a
bhi 'frithealadh air sa. Chaidh a' bhiirdachd
gus na coin ma's e Niall am bard a's fearr a
tha ri fhaighinn. Ach si ar beachd-ne gum
bheil inntinn Neil) mar 'bha Idine Dhòmh-
nuill Cheaird,an deigh'dhol deth a seòl. Am
bheil e 'smuaineachadh gur lighichean siune
gu cungaidhean a dheanamh suas a bbeir air
an fheòsaig aige-sa flis? Ma tha, cha toir
sinu de chorahairle air ach ola chas easgann,
bainne cich ciree, 'sgeir mheaubh-chuileag,
air am measgadh ann an adharc muice, a
shuathadh ri smig le ite cait.
Fhuair sinn "Leomag, agus chl ar caraid
ann an ùinc ghehrr, nach ann do phoca na
gaineamhaiche 'chuireas sinn i.
I'ha Gilleashuig Aotrom an diii] gum bheil
An Gaidheal gle aincòlach. Am bheil e
'smuaineachadh gun toir e a chreidsinn oirn-
ur h-csan a rinn "aiarbh-rann, Iain
aiclieadh e, air eagal 's gi
nvtaichmn an uair a ruigeadh
loisgeadh
thall.
TOIMIISKACIIAIN.
1. Is buig e na brocban.
Is cruaidhe e na aran;
A's bi 'dh e 'n cuideachd an ri
Ghaidheal. Faodaidh sinn innseadh do
Ghilleasbuig gun d' rinn sinn ar Icum deth—
eadhon au aon feum a dheanadh e—a chur
'san lainel
Tha sinn fad an comain an "Sgiathanaich "
air son cho cuimhneach 'sa tha e oirnn. Sliin
iomradh air. Gu'm bufadesan an comas a b
luaidh air Eilean maiseach a' Cheò!
5€! (i^Sit,
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT.
OCTOBER, 1872.
GAELIC PHILOLOGY.
The following interesting remarks on
tlie philology of the Gaelic language,
are from a lecture delivered by the
t Eev. Mr. Cameron, of Kenton, in this
j city: — Mr. Cameron, after referring
I to the method pursued in the study of
philology, and to the principle accord-
■ ing to which languages are divided
into families, went on to say that the
Celtic belongs to the family which is
now called the Indo-European or Ary-
an, and which embraces Sanskrit, Zend,
Greek, Latin, Celtic, and the Teu-
tonic and Slavonic languages. Phil-
ologists differ in opinion in regard
to the position of the Celtic in this
family, but it seems to stand in the
nearest relationship to the classical
languages, especially to the Latin,
although its marks of affinity to
the other branches of the family are
both numerous and striking. The
affinity of Latin to the Celtic is proved
by the numerous cognate words which
are found in these languages, and by
the fact that many of the laws of their
letter-changes have been ascertained.
In regard to cognate words, it deserves
to be noticed that very many of the
words which are marked in the Latin
Lexicons as derived from unknown
or doubtful roots, show a close affinity
to words found in one or more of the
dialects of the Celtic. After giving
numerous examples of Gaelic and
Latin cognates — as capio and gabh;
celo and cell; iimeo and tlomct; tenuis
and tana; earns and car, car a, car aid;
senex f^gen. senis) and scan; siccus and
seac — he proceeded to notice some of
the letter-changes between these lan-
guages :—
1. Consonants, which in the middle
and end of words are aspirated in
Gaelic, are plain in Latin. Exam-
ples:— comis and caomh; sat and
sàtk; tego and tigh, tighearn; remus
and ràmh; ratis and rath; equus and
each; seciis and seach; mater and
màthair.
2. P in Latin frequently corresponds
to c in Gaelic. Examples: — Pluma
and clumh (down) ; plecto and cleachd
(plait) ; lapis and leac; purpura and
corcor; vesper and fescor (now feas-
gar). The same letter-change occurs
between Welsh and Gaelic, between
Welsh and Latin, and between Greek
and Latin. Examples ; Welsh and
Gaelic: — Pen and ceami; plant and
eland {now clann); pedioar and ceithir;
pimp and chig ; map and mac; pren
and crann; Welsh and Latin : — Ped-
icar and quatuor ; pimp and quinque;
Greek and Latin : — Pente and quinque;
hippos and equus; hepomai and sequor.
In Gaelic itself plod and clod signify
the same thing.
3. From many Gaelic words initial
p has wholly disappeared. Examples :
Pater and athair ; 2>iscis and iasg ;
pier us and leir; j)lemis and làti;
2?rafum and rath (plain); pectus and
uchd. So also Gr. platus and L. latus
(Gaelic leathan). It maj^ be noticed
in connection with this letter-change
that, while aspirated p becomes/ aspi-
rated /' becomes quiescent in Gaelic.
From this it arises that several Gaelic
words begin sometimes with, and some-
216
THE GAEL.
times without initial/, as /oir arid oir;
fàrlus and hrlus; fàradh and uradh.
4. Manj^ words beginning in Latin
with T begin in Gaelic with f. Exam-
ples : — Veriis and /tor ; rir, tiri and
fear, fir; tirtiis and feart; Tanus
andyàow (faoin); tagor and /ògair;
tesper and fescor (feasgar); riginti
and fichead; tarns and fiar ; row,
Tocalis and focal. Instead of v in
Latin, and/ in Gaelic, the Welsh has
frequently gic. Examples : — Vertis
and gicir; xir, tiri and gwr, gv:yr ;
TÌnum and gwin; ventus and gwynt.
5. Several words beginning in Latin
with V begin in Gaelic with b. Exam-
ples : — Valhan and halla; titiiim and
baotk; veru and bior ; tlta and beatha;
tiro, (Gr. bio(>) and bèo; Tilla and
baile. It may be noticed, as showing
that these letter-changes are not arbi-
trary, that where v in Latin represents
the aspirate, or the digamma, in Greek
the Gaelic has^ ; but where v in Latin
represents b in Greek, the Gaelic also
has b.
6. Some words beginning in Latin
■with/, begin in Gaelic with b. Exam-
ples:— Fero and beir ; frango, from
hìcssò, and bris ; frendo and briian;
fratis, fraudis and braid; frater and
brhthair; fremo, from bremo and
hramaire; fermo and beirm.
7. Some words beginning with /in
Latin begin with s in Gaelic. Exam-
ples : — Frenum and srian (Welsh,
ffrwyn) ; fastis and siiist (Welsh, ffust) ;
flecto and slenchd. Ff (which corre-
sponds to /in Gaelic) and s frequently
interchange in Welsh and Gaelic. Ex-
amples:— Ffroen and sr a i?i ; ffivj-n and
sorn ; ffreuo and sruth ; ffymi and scan
Gvseun. The Greek aspirate is frequently
represeated by / in Latin and by s in
Gaelic, which accounts for the inter-
change of these letters in Latin and
Gaelic.
8. 8 precedes several words in Gae-
lic when it does not precede the corre-
sponding words in Latin. Examples :
— No, nati, and smmh; neo, nevi,
and sììlomh, ruo and sruth; nix and
sneachd. It may be noticed here that
the Latin fallo corresponds to the
Greek sphalò, and tego to stegò ; that
terphos =:sterphos; and that, in Gaelic,
leamhan = sleamhan and leac = sleac.
The Latin strenuus also may be com-
pared with the Gaelic treun.
9. N disappears in Gaelic in the
middle of a word before s, / or the
tennes p, t, c (Ebel's Zeuss p. 42). Ex-
amples : — Mensis and mios ; census and
CIS ; infernum and ifrinn ; dens, dent-
is, and deud; centum and ceud; riginti
and fichead; tendo and tend; inter
and eadar; quinqne and ciiig; rumpo
and reub ; mensus and meas.
1 0. The mediae b, d, g, correspond
in Gaelic, especially in modern Gaelic,
to the tenues p, t, c in Latin. Exam-
ples : — Capio and gabh {gab) ; caper
and gabhar {gabar) ; carpentum and
carbad ; liquo and leagh; linquo and.
leig ; squama and sgamhal; queror,
querimonia and gearan; vix and beag,
big ; scateo and sgaoth. In ancient
Gaelic the tenues are frequently pre-
served, as in acus {agus), ce't, {ceud),
etar, {eadar); carpat {carbad).
Other letter-changes, including those
which affect the vowels, might be no-
ticed— but the above, together with the
large number of cognate words found in
Latin and Gaelic, are sufficient to prove
the close affinity of these languages. It
is necessary, however, to guard against
inferring affinity from mere resemblance
in the forms of words, for words de-
rived from different roots often closely
resemble one another, while words that
have little or no resemblance to one
another in form may be proved, from
the ascertained rules of letter-changes,
to be cognates. Ventus and gaotk
(Welsh gwynt) furnish an example.
(See letter-changes 4 and 9 above.)
So also the words eun, ite, edn (Welsh),
pen, feather, which, although dissimilar
in form, are all derived from the same
THE GAEL.
217
root pet, which appears in the Greek
y^o-càpetomai. (See the old Latin form
petna, for penna, and letter-change 3
above.)
He then referred to the loan-
words, such a3 sarjart, eaglais, peac-
adh, aoradh (anciently adrad, from
adoratio), leabhar, leugk, sgriohh,
seirbhis, which have been borrowed
from Greek and Latin, and which,
although they have been incorporated
into Gaelic, cannot be taken into ac-
count in judging of its affinity to the
languages from which these words
have been derived. In very many
instances it is difficult to distinguish
between loan words and words that are
purely Celtic.
The affinity of Gaelic to Greek is
shown by the large number of
cognate words which are found in
these languages. The following are
examples : — Tis, ti, and tl ; pelomal \
and hell ; orge and fearg ; meros and
mXr ; helro and gelirr ; derJcomal and
dearc; lambanO smd làmh; deÌ7ios a,nà
dian; kairos and coir; nephos and
neamh ; ball/J and huall ; gunS (Boeot.
hanci) and bean. The words that are
common to Greek, Latin, and Gaelic
are very numerous. The following are
examples : — Cliortos, hortus, gort or
gart {Gort or gart frequently appears
in Gaelic topography, as Gartinore
Gavtsherrk. The diminutive gortan is
still common in the spoken language) ;
cheimon, cheima, hiems, geamh {Geamh-
radh is from the old word geamh, as
mmhradh is from slunh) ; chamos, hamus,
cam and caman ; tauros, taurus, tarhh ;
misgO, niisceo, ineasg; kerdi), cerdo, ceard;
Jiupnos, somnus, suain; kahalles, cahallus,
capull; Jdino, dino,claon; gignomai{aor.
egenomèn), gigno f'perf. genui), gin (the
root is gen, from which comes also
gniomli) ; kluo, clueo, cluinn and cuala ;
hezomai (fut. hedownai), sedeo, suidh;
hioO, vivo, beh ; plains, latus, leathan ;
Ciena, ulna, uileann.
A comparison of the numerals and
also of the pronouns in Greek, Latin,
and Gaelic, would lead to the same
conclusion in regard to the close affi-
nity of these languages. He did not
maintain that Latin and Greek
have been derived from Gaelic. All
that he maintained was that these lan-
guages are closely allied— that they
have a common parentage, which,
parentage could be discovered only by
a comparison of the roots of the several
branches which have sprung from it.
In estimating, however, the compara-
rative ages of these languages, the fact
must not be overlooked that there are
many words in Gaelic which resemble
more closely than do their Greek and La-
tin cognates, the corresponding words in
Sanskrit.
After referring to the two families
into which the Celtic dialects are
divided — the British, including the
Welsh, Cornish, and Armoric ; and the
Gaelic, including Scottish Gaelic, Irish,
and Manx — he proceeded to give an.
account of the early printed works in
Gaelic, some of which he exhibited,
and concluded by referring to what
has been done within the last few years
by Continental and Irish scholars such
as Zeuss, Ebel, and Stokes, to promote
the scientific study of Gaelic, and to
what still remains to be done in the
same field. He said it was curious to
find some of the most learned works on
Celtic philology coming to us from
India, where, far distant from the
Celtic MSS., Dr. Whitley Stokes, who is
connected with this city, finds means
for prosecuting the study of a science
to which he has made contributions,
second in importance only to the great
work of Zeuss, which, as now revised
— it might be said rewritten — by Ebel,
must form the foundation of the scien-
tific study of Celtic. The " Turin
Glosses," printed by Stokes in his
" Goidilica," have since been published,
carefully edited by the Chev. Di Nigra,
and an edition of the " Milan Glosses"
5li3^
;i8
THE GAEL.
is now in preparation for publication
The theologian Ebrard published, last
year, a work on the Ossianic Gaelic,
which is curious and interesting
although it contains many errors,
which, however, are, to be accounted
for, partly by the incorrectness of
the materials with which he dealt,
and partly by his want of acquaint-
ance with our vernacular Gaelic. In
regard to modern Gaelic, he believed
that as much has been done for the
Gaelic of Scotland by the Stewarts,
Dr. J. Smitb, Armstrong, Ewen
M'Lachlan (of Aberdeen), and Dr.
M'Intosh M'Kay, as has been done for
any of the other dialects of the Celtic,
but much still remains to be done.
The Gaelic Scriptures must be purged
of the errors and anomalies which
escaped the notice of tlie translator
and also of the revisers of the quarto edi-
tion of 1826, so that they may becom
what they were intended to be — the
standard of Gaelic Grammar and Or-
thography; the work of which Dr.
Alexander Stewart laid the foundation,
in his " Grammar of the G^ielic Lan
guage," must be completed; a stand
ard edition of the Gaelic poets must
be prepared; the Bardic and other
traditional literature v.'hich still exists
in the Highlands, but which has not
been committed to writing, must be col
lected and i:)reserved, before the present
generation shall have passed away;
much must yet be done, in addition to
what has already been done, to read
and interpret the old Gaelic which has
come down to us, often much obsured,
in the Gaelic names of places ; and,
especially, a Gaelic Comparative Lexi-
con must be prepared, which will exhi-
bit the words of which the language is
composed, not only in the clifterent
forms in which they appear in the
different dialects of the Celtic, but also
in relation to their cognate words in
the other branches of the Aryan
family. This last work would cer-
tainly be a heavy^ undertaking, and
one which could not have been accom-
plished Avhen, more than forty )'ears
ago, the dictionaries of Armstrong and
of the Highland Society were prepared
— but the progress which has been made
in the study of Celtic philology within
the last few years has prepared the way
for beginning, and for carrying on to
successful issue, a work of this kind —
and if the Highlanders of Scotland
should resolve, " shoulder to shoulder,"
to help it forward, he promised that it
would be undertaken.
A REVIEW OF THE HIGHLAND
REGIMENTS.
In tLe muster-roll of the Britisli army,
at tlie present time, there are nine regiments
denominated "Highlanders," five of which
— Gillean an Fhèilidh — in harmonious
accordance with their designation, are
appropriately equipped in the Highland
garb; whilst the other four — Bodaich nam
Brigisean — in evident incongruity with
their distinguishing appellation, march at
ease attired in trews. "Whether the bands
of these four regiments attempt the "Garb
of Old Gaul," or their pipers "Gillean an
Fheilidli," is a question Avhich should be
decided negatively, inasmuch as neither of
these martial, marching tunes concerns
them, unless as a reminiscence of "Auld
Lang Syne," by recalling to recollection the
bright days when they also were clad in the
picturesque panoply of mountaineers.
Altliough now we can only boast of nine
Highland regiments, the Lite gallant and
patriotic General David Stewart of Garth,
in his interesting history, enumerates no
fewer than 25 battalions,* named and
•LIST OF HIGHLAND REGIMENTS,
As detailed by General David Stewart.
42iid Royal Highlanders.
7 1 St Fraser's do.
72iul Seaforth's do.
73rd Lord Macleod's do,
74th Argyle do.
7.Jth Aberci-omby's do.
7(jth Lord Macdonald's do.
77tli Athol do.
7i'ith Ross-shirc do.
7iltli Cameron do.
8 1 St Aberdeen shire do.
Oct, 1872.
THE GAEL.
219
numbered, in addition to 18 Fencible regi-
ments, which were raised and embodied in the
Highlands during the latter half of last and
commencement of present century, exempli-
fying the prolific nursery of warriors then
possessed by North Britain. Need I dilate
or enter into detail upon the martial
achievements of our Highland regiments?
From Fontenoy until the suppression of the
Indian mutiny —
"The foe weel ken'd the tartan front,
Which never shua'd the battle's brunt,"
and on every field most memorable in the
annals of British history, the tartan'd
legions have worthily upheld the military
renown of our redoubtable little kingdom
and irresistibly demonstrated to adversaries
in every clime that —
■Still against a foeman's steel,
No Highland brogue shall turn the heel,"
verifying the eulogistic lines of an
English poet who wrote of the Highland
regiments as being —
"In Egypt, India, Belgium, Gaul and Spain,
Walls iu the trenches, whirlwinds on the
plain."
In takmg a rapid review of our present
Highland regiments, I shall firstly name
the' 42nd, formerly the 43rd, but ever since
its embodiment known as the "Black
Watch," or Freiceadan Dubh, which dates
its origin from the year 1725, and in
1758 was made "Koyal" as "a testimony
of His Majesty's satisfaction and approbation
of their extraordinary courage, loyalty, and
exemplary conduct." That distinguishing
badge, the Ked Feather, worn by the 42nd
in their plumed bonnets, was acquired from
!the 11th Light Dragoons, in 1795, couse-
quently on a dereliction of duty perpetrated
by the troopers named, in the winter cam-
84th Royal Highland Emigrants.
87th Keith's Highlanders.
88th Campbell's do.
89lh Gordon's do.
91st Argyle-shire do.
92nd Gordon do.
93rd Sutherland do.
97th Strathspey do.
100th Campbell of Kilberrie's'do.
105th Queen Charlotte's do.
113th Royal Highland Volunteci-
llGth Perth-shire Highlanders.
132nd Cameron of Callarfs do.
133rd Colonel Fraser's do.
paign of 1794-5, in Flanders; and which
dereliction was promptly and effectively
rectified by the 42nd. The 11th Cavaliers
had made an inconsistent "rear-turn" on
the occasion of an attack by the French,
leaving two field-pieces, or cannons, of which.
they had charge to be possessed by the
enemy, but which were speedily retaken
when the Highland laddies' services were
brought into requisition. Wlien the 42nd
disembarked in Egypt in 1801, and under
fire from the French enemy on the heights
above the landing place, the regiment, after
being formed in line on the beach, got the
word of command to "fix bayonets;" which,
order was immediately executed. The
commanding officer next followed with
"prime and load," but no sooner was this
order given, than an individual in the ranks
vociferated — "No prune and load, hut
charge haignets, and sMst immediately,"
when the entire regiment, as one man,
instantly obeying the energetic summons,
ascended the heights at the charge and.
carried the French position, with cold steel,
in the most gallant style. On subsequent
inquiry as to who had ordered the charge,
it was found to be Donald Black, a private
soldier and an old smuggler from the Isle
of Skye.
The next Highland corps is the present
71st Highland Light Infantry, who got the
graphic order from their gallant Colonel,
Cadogan, at the battle of Vittoria, to "chase
the enemy doun the Gallowgate," and
which they did. Previously this regiment
was known as the 72nd, or Lord Macleod's
Highlanders.
Next in order is the 72nd, or Seaforth's
Highlanders, but now designated the "Duke
of Albany's Own ;" and inasmuch as they
do not now display the kilt, although ad-
hering to the plumed bonnet as worn by
the kilted regiments, this corps is facetious-
ly dubbed "the half-dress'd Highlandmen,"
an imputation, I understand they are loath,
to admit — nay prone to resent — as if they
verily possessed the "Garb of Old Gaul."
The 74th follows, which took the place of
another corps, bearing the same number^
and termed the "Argyle Highlanders."
The present 74th, unlike the other High-
land corps, bears no name, although I have
heard whispered concerning them, "Belfast
Highlanders, " which must be a misnomer,
inasmuch as there is no concentration of
220
THE GAEL.
Oct., 187».
HigUand nationality in the flourishing town
named.
"We have next the Y8th or "Ross-shire
Buffs," Avhose vengeful bravery, during the
Indian mutiny of 1857-8 is still in lively
remcmhrance. This gallant regiment on
landing in Persia, in 1856 to take part in a
short scrimmage tliere, astonished the
natives so much with their Highland garb,
that it was anxiously inquired to which sex
they belonged. The 78th has the exclusive
Celtic distinction of being the only Highland
regiment bearing a Gaelic motto on the
colours and appointments, that of the
Mackenzie's, among which clan the 78tli
■was raised, as implied in its Gaelic designa-
tion, "Rèisimeid Chloinn Ghoinnich." The
motto is "Cuidich anRigh" — helptheking —
and refers to the exploit of an ancient chief
of the clan, who opportunely rescued the
Scottish monarch of the time from the
attack of a stag, while on a hunting expedi-
tion.
Now we have
" The 79th, whose valiant name,
Is wreathed with many a field of fame,"
and who derive their title, the " Cameron
Highlanders," from a patriotic Lochaber
gentleman, " Ailean an Earachd," who raised
the corps in the year 1793. Colonel
Cameron, who, latterly, in addition to being
knighted, attained the militaiy rank of
Lieutenant General, was so thoroughly
imbued with Celtic fire and enthusiasm,
that in order to preserve the nationality of
his regiment intact, and have it virtually as
-well as nominally Highland, he enlisted
none but Gaelic speakers, so that the 79th
was long familiarly known as the "Cia mar
thà-s;" whilst on another occasion, in the
year 1804 on a threatened governmental
abrogation of the kilt in the regiment.
Colonel Cameron addressed an energetic
remonstnitive letter to the Horse Guards,
■which secured retention of the martial
garment he so well loved. When entering
a garrison town in Ireland, some years ago,
as I have been told by a veteran of the
regiment, the 79th were amused by the
natives shouting to each other — "Holy
Father, come and sec the petticoats!''
Next in order is the 91st, Argyleshire
Begimcnt, which saw much hard service
in the Peninsular campaigns; and whicl
•within the last few years, after long
abandonment, has resumed the tartan, but
only in the shape of trews.
The 92nd Gordon Highlanders follow,
whose mihtary history is somewhat like the
motto of their "big brithers" the Scots
Greys — "second to none." This famed
corps when landing on a West Indian island,
some 30 years ago, was whimsically set
down (by an aborigi»al negro) as being
composed of "very poor men, when they
had not money to buy trousers." Said"
nigger might rank in with the Spanish
priest, who, having seen in Gibraltar, a
regiment of Highlanders attir-ed in the
"Garb of Old Gaul," volunteered the infor-
mation that the regiment in petticoats had
been invested with this "feminine" attire for
having misbehaved on the field of battle I
Verily, this verdant ecclesiastic must have
been an ignoramus of the first magnitude,
and much in need of being posted up in the
history of his own country, where so many
of the Highland regiments brilliantly served
under Moore and Wellington.
Lastly, I notice the 93rd, the now re-
nowned Sutherland Highlanders, — "the
thin red line of Balaclava" — and who,
although the youngest of the Highland
regiments, have won imperishable renown
on the battle-fields of the Crimea and India,
as well as at a more distant date, at tha
Cape of Good Hope.
Without further comment on the interest-'
ing subject which has suggested these
observations, I shall conclude by quoting
the expressive stanza of one of our national
bards, while making a poetical review of
the soldiers of the United Kingdom : —
"And oh, loved warriors of the minstrel's land.
Yonder your bonnets nod, your tartans wave;
The rugged form may mark the mountain baud.
And features harsh, and a mien more grave.
But, ne'er in battle-field throbs heart more
brave.
Than that which beats beneath the Scottish
plaid;
And when the pibroch bids the battle rave.
And level for the charge your arms are laid,
Where lives the desperate foe that for such
onset staid?"
" Mac a' Ghaidheil."
GAELIC HOMER.
(To the Editor of The Gael.)
Sir,
From letters whicli appeared
in the "Scotsman" some time ago, it
seems that the late Ewen MacLachlaii'»
THE GAEL.
221
Gaelic translation of Homer is stiU ex-
tant; the accompanying fragment* is
therefore sent for publication in " The
Gael," in thebopethatit may attract the
attention of the possessor of the MS.,
and perhaps induce him to publish the
whole,
I am, Sir,
Yours respectfully,
Abrach.
A LETTER FROM " NETHER-
LOCHABER."
Mr. Editor,
Dear Sm,
I send you a translationf of a
well-known poem of Byron's. It is but
a trifle, but a straw shows, as the pro-
verb has it, how the winds blows, and
small and insignificant as is this contri-
bution, it is at least a proof that I read
"The Gael" and wish it all success.
A pinch from a snuff-box has often made
men known to each other (and even
friends) who might otherwise have been
strangers — enemies perhaps — all their
life long. I hope to send you semething
of more substance and "body," as the
wine merchants have it, before the
winter is past.
I am, with aH'good wishes,
Yours very faithfully.
The "Nether-Lochaber" Correspondent
of the "Inverness Courier."
PROFESSOR BLACKIE ON THE
GAELIC "GOD SAVE THE QUEEN. "
The following interesting letter which
appeared in the Scotsman, we copy for the
benefit of as many of our readers as are of a
philological turn of mind: —
"Sir, — I send you the Gaelic version of " God
Save the Queen," sung * * * * at the
first meeting of the Inverness Gaelic Society,
and composed by Angus M'Donald, the bard
of the Society. In order to give the uninitiat-
ed some idea of the materials of which this
venerable language is made up, it occuned to
• The fragment referred to is inserted in our
Gaelic department, page 205.
f See our Gaelic Department, page 212.
me to etymologise the verses to the best of my
ability; and the result is appended. You
will see that about one-third of the whole
words in the three stanzas is pretty distinctly
recognisable as old friends with new faces —
familiar to philologers either in the Teutonic
or in the classical languages. The two
columns will sufficiently explain themselves
to all who care for such matters,— I am, &c.
JtJHN Stuart Blackie.
DHIA GLEIDH BHANEIGH.
Dhia (1) gleidh ar (2) Banrigh (3) mhòr (4).
Beatha (5) bhuan (6) dar (7) Banrigh choir,
Dhia gleidh Bhanrigh.
Thoir buaidh dhi, 'us solas (8),
Son agas (9) ro ghlòrmhor (10),
Fad' chiun riaghladh (11) oirnn ;
Dhia gleidh Bhanrigh.
A Thighearn (12) ar Dia eirich (13),
Sgap a nàimhdean (14) fitich,
'Us leig (15) iad (16) »103 (17),
Cuir (18) cli (19) an (20) droch riaghladh;
TUg sios an luib dhiabhiaidh (21) ;
Ar dòchas oirre leag ; -
Dhia gleidh Bhanrigh.
Do (22) thiodhlaig mhaith thoir dhi,
Doirt oirre pailt gun dith (23)
Fad' riaghladh i (24) ;
Ar reachdan (25) dionadh (26) i,
Toirt dhuinn aobhar (27), gun sgios,
Bhi (29) seinn (30) le'r guth "sar cridh' (31),
Dhia gleidh Bhanrigh.
Gaeiic. Latin, Greek, English, on Germas,
1. Dhia Deus, Theos.
2. ar our.
3 Banrigh Ban Aeolic for gunè, reg, rex.
4. mhor major, more.
5. Beatha vita.
6. bhuan menò.
7. da to, ad.
8. solas solatium.
9. agus ac, atque, eke.
10. ghlòrmhor gloria.
11. riaghladh reg", regula.
12. Thighearn .... The first syllable of this compound I
consider identical with tignum
(Lat.) from tego — a shelter, a
house.
13. eirich orior, erigo.
14. naimhdean... . inimicos (?)
15. leig lay, legen.
16. iad that, id (t is the sign of the thirff
person in all the Aryan languages)
17. sios subtus.
18. cuir sero,
19. cli laevua (?) — the omission of the first
of two initial consonants is com-
mon, as klinò, lean.
20. an yon, jen, keinos.
21. dhiabhiaidh... diabolus.
22. do thy, tuus.
23. dith deò.
24. i she, he.
25. reachdan rectus.
26. dionadh den, dean, i.e., a sheltered place, a
den.
27. aobhar. opera (?)
28. gim un, in compounds, ohne.
29. Bhi be, phuò, fui.
30. seinn cano.
31. cridh cor, kardia.
J'.S.—I see I have omitted luib, which is just onr
English loop. J.S.B."
THE GAEL.
Oct., 1872.
NEWS OF THE HIGHLANDS AND
ISLANDS.
EwEN M.\cLachl\n's Gr4ve. — The fol-
lowintf extract we take from the "Nether
Lochaber" column of the Inverness Courier,
the sentiment of wliich we endorse, and hope
that our friend's sus:a;estion will meet with
the sympathy and support it deserves:
"Ewen Maclachlan, commonly styled "of
Aberdeen," because he taught the Grammar
School there, and there died, but who was, in
truth, a Lochaber man — nay, a Nether-Loch-
aber man born and bred, and whose ashes
rest in Killevaodain of Ardour, without, we
are ashamed to confess it, "One ^ray stone to
mark his grave" ********
"There is a monument in the shape of a
small obelisk, with a well written suitable
inscription to the memory of Mr Maclachlan,
so distinguished as a Gaelic scholar, on the
" Craigs" at Fort- William. Why should not a
plain stone, if no more,simply inscribed with his
name, be placed over his remains in the old Kiel
«fArdgour,one of the quietest and sweetest spots
in all the West Highlands? The Lochaber
Highlanders of Glasgow, who have a large
and influential annual "gathering," might
surely do something in the direction indicated.
Few true Highlanders would refuse, if
solicited, to add their "stone" to the "cairn"
of such a man. Aided by local subscriptions,
the expense would be but a trifle. It is sad
to see the grave at present, overgrown with
nettles and other noxious weeds, uncared for
and untended, without a stone to mark the
spot, or a line to tell the " meditator among
the tombs," that beneath sleeps the best Gaelic
scholar, as he was in all respects one of the
truest Highlanders of his day, and a thorough-
ly.good man withal, simple and guileless as a
child. The writer of these lines will be glad,
as minister of the parish, to take charge of all
that may be necessary to be done upon the
spot, should the suggestion be received with
favour."
Monument to a Gaelic Baud— Professor
Blackie twits the Highlanders for having no
Gaelic inscriptions on the grave stones in any
of their chu:ch-yards. The practice of having
such is not so general as might be wished
and expected, but one instance at least can be
quoted in which Gaelic is the language used.
In the Janetield Cemctry, Parkhead, Glasgow,
a very elegant monument has been raised over
the grave of William Livingston, the Gaelic
Bard, by a number of friends, and admirers
of his genius, on which there is both a Gaelic
and an English inscription. The monument
is a hard Ireestone obelisk, having on one
side the words "Carragh cuimhneachan
Uilleam Mhic Dhunleibhe, am IVard Ileach,
a rugadh an Gartmeadhoin an. He, 1608, a
chanchail an Glaschu, 1870." On another
side it has the words " In memory of William
Livingston, the Islay Gaelic Bard, Born at
Gartmain, Islay, 1808, died at Glasgow,
1870." In our next number we propose giv-
ing a short notice of Livingston and from
time to time some of his poetry, as there are
some pieces of his which were never publish-
ed, and which, by the kindness oF those in
whoso possession they are, we can lay before
our readers.
We understand that the Italian Artist A.
Signor P.. Priolo, residing at 64 Stock well
Park Road, S. W., London, has prepared
engravings of drawings which he has made
from OssiAN. They are to be published with
a page of letter press to each, and we hope
that the undertaking will be crowned with
success.
Oban — Gaelic Class— A meeting was held
here on Thursday, the -'Gth September, for the
purpose of starting a Gaelic class. Addresses
were delivered by Professor Blackie; Rev.
Archd. Farquharson; Councillor Clerk; and
Mr. Macdougall. After these addresses a com-
mittee was formed to carry the suggestions
&c. into effect, and 16 persons engaged to en-
roll themselves as members of the Association,
Mr. Macdougall kindly volunteered to teach
the class.
ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS.
To G. MacK.— The origin of the clan
Mackay seems to be wrapped in much obscur-
ity; but the general belief is that they are
descended from the ancient Gaelic inhabit-
ants of Caithness. Colonel Robertson says
" They are no doubt the descendants of the
pure Gaelic race, who had retired to the in-
terior of the country from the Norwegian in-
vaders." Their seat was Strathnaver,but there
was also a branch of the clan in Kintyre, and
another in Islay — to the latter, MacDonald of
the Isles (who fought at the liattle of Harlaw)
granted, in 1408, the only Gaelic Charter
known to be in existence. The antiquity of
the clan is evident from the fact that as early
as 1427, they could muster 4000. Their
Arms are "Azure, on a Chevron, or, between
three bears' heads couped, argent, and
muzzled, gules. A roebuck's head erased, of
the last, between two hands holding daggers,
all proper." Badge, " Bulrush." Motto,
"Mann forti." Chief "Erick Mackay, Lord
Reay." We have not heard the name pro-
nounced Mackae or Mackee except where
ignorance, or affectation, was the predominat-
ing j)assion. The name in Gaelic is Mac-
Aoidh (son of Hugh) and in English it is pro-
nounced almost similar, and that it was pro-
nounced in that manner from the earliest times
is manifest from the fact that Fordun writes it
"Macqyc."
I Leabh.]
CEUD MIOS A' GHEAMHRAIDH, 1872.
[9 AlR.
MU NA SEANN GHAIDHEIL.
YII.
Dhearbli sinn a nis gu soilleir ga'm
b'e an t-aou sluagh ceuflna a bha
'chòmhnaìdli an ceann tuath na li-Alba
fad mìlebliadhna — olàithibh Agricolagu
linu Challuim a' Chinn Mhòir. Rè thrì
cheud bliadhna theireadh na Ròmanaich
Caledonaich riutlia; agus re slieachd
ceud bliadhua theirteadh Pictich riu
leis na Ròmanaich agus leis na Seanach-
aidhibh; an dèigh sin fliuair iad an
t-ainm Scultich : ach 'n am measg fèin
b'e an t-aium a bha orra daonnan, na
Gàidheil, agus b'i a' Ghàilig a' chainnt
a bha iad a' labhairt riabh.
Tha cuid ag radh gun do chailleadh
an t-seann chànain an uaii* a fhnair
Coinneach MacAilpein an rloghachd,
agus gur ann o na Scuitich a sgaoil a'
Ghàilig air feadh na h-Alba: ach cha
ghabh so creidsinn, oir tha e soilleir gun
robh Gaidheil a chomhuuidh 'an ceann
deas na h-Alba agus 'an Eilean Mhan-
aiun, agus mar an ceudna an Eirinn fada
mu'n d' thàinig Agricoha, no lulius
Caesar, no neach sam bith dhe na Ròm-
anaich thar a' Chaoil Bhreatunnaich.
Tha Gàilig Mhanainn na's cosmhuile ri
GàiKg Albainn na tha i ri Gàilig Eirinn;
agus tha so a' dearbhadh gum b'e an
t-aon shiagh a ghabh còmhnuidh air tùs
ann am Manainn agus ann an Albainn.
Anns a' Ghàilig Mhanainnich gheibhear
an hde diultannach, no am focal àicheidh
Albanuach cJicii an àite an fhocail àich-
eaid Ni, no Nior, mar so, "cha rel
feeyn aca" cosmhuil ris a' Ghàilig Alb-
annaich, '■'■cha'ii'eil fion aca" an àite
na doigh Eireannaich '■'■ni hhuil fion
aca." Their ua Manainnrch a rithist
"ta mi" agus na h-Eireannaich ^^do
hlii mi." Mar an ceudna their na Man-
ainnich, " cha vel, cha rou, cha bi, "
agus na h-Eirionnaich "771 bhuil, ni
rahh, ni bitheann." Tha Gailig Mhan-
ainn mar so ni's faisge air Gailig Albainn
agus tha sin a' feuchainn gun robh na
h-aon Ghàidheil ann am Manainn agus
an Albainn 0 shean. Tha e soilleir mar
an ceudna gu'n robh na Gaidheil an
ceann deas na h-Alba anns na linnibh 0
chian, oir gheibhear mòran de ainmibh
nan àitean air an toirt o'n Ghàilig, Tha
cùnntas againn gu 'n robh seilbh aig na
Caledonaich agus aig na Pictich air an
tir sin gu deas air caolas na Friù gu
ruig a' chrioch Shasunnach, agus cha
robh na Scuitich riabh a chomhnuidh an
sin. Gidheadh cha robh sluagh Gàidh-
eallach sam bith a' fuireach, no Gailig
'ga labhairt anns an dùthaich sin, 0 'n a
thàinig Ida ngh nan Gall Sasimnack,
a ghabhail seilbh air an tir 'sa' bhliadhna
A.D. oil, co'rr us tri cheud deug
bliadhna roimhe so. Co, uime sin, a thug
na h-ainmean Gàidhealach air na h-ait-
ean ud mur robh Gailig aig na Pictichi
Tha na h-ainraean Gailig so cosmhuil ri
ainmibh àitean eile far an robh na
Pictich 'n an aonar a chomhnuidh agus
far am bheil na Gaidheil, an sliochd-san,
a chomhnuidh gus an la an diugb. Ann
an Siorramachd Haddington tha sgir-
eachd ris an abrar "an Garbh-allt" air
a h-aiumeachadh o'n t-sruth, no an t-allt
a tha 'ruith troimpe, ris an abrar an
t-AUt-Garhh. Ciod an dealachadh ann
an seadh eadar an t-ainra an Garbh-
A I It ann a' Haddington., agus an
t-Allt-Garhh ann am Bràighe Loch-
abar? Nach Gailig iad le cheile.? Nach
tnigear ciod a's ciall doibh leis na h-uile
224
AN GAIDHEAL.
Ceud MioB a" Gheamhraidh, ]
mac Gàidheil a cbluinneas an t-ainm?
Ann am Bràighe Mhàr, am fagus do
Bhaile-chaisteil, tha allt ris an abrar an
Garbh-allt mar an ceudna. Tha so a'
dearbliadli gu'm b'e an sluagh cendna a
bba a cbòmhnuidh ann a' Iladdington
agus am Bràigbe Mbru', gu'n do labbair
iad an aou cbànain, agus gu'm b'i sin a'
Gbàilig.
Tha baile aua a' Haddington ris an
abrar Dunbar; tha so a' ciallacbadb
Dun, no daingneacb, a tba suidkicbte
air burr, no air rugba; agus tba e
freagarracb do 'n àite sin — a tba suidb-
icbte mar sin. Tba àite eile 'm fagus
do Dbiin-eidin, mar letb-mbile bbuaitbe,
ris an abrar Dail-Rigb: 's tba mòran
àitean 's a' Gbàidbealtacbd air am bbeil
an t-ainra so, agus tba o soilleir do
neacb air bitb aig am bbeil Gàilig. Tba
ainm a' bbaile Dun-Eidin, a' noobdadb
mar an ceudna gun robb Gàilig air a
labbairt 's an taobb deas aig an am sin,
Tbugadb an tir so bbo na Pictich le
Ida agus na Gaill 'sa bbliadbna 547.
B'e Edwin no Eklin an atb rigb a bba
air na Gaill an deigb Ida. Tboisicb
esan air riogbacbadb'sa' bbliadbna a. d.
617. agus mharbbadb e 's a' bbliadbna
633 le Caldwalla rigb nan Breatuinn-
eacb, agus Penda rigb Mhercia. Uime
sin b'ann cadaran da am so a tbog Edwin
suas as ùr agus a cbàirich e an seann
Dim a bba aig na Picticb, agus air an
robb Dun-Monaidh mar ainm an tois-
eacb, mar a cbitbear ann an roimb-ràdb
Leabbar-Urnuigb Easbuig Charswell
(a cbeud leabbar a cblò-bbualadb an
Gàilig.) 0 cbeann còrr us tri cbeud
bliadbna cblò-bbualadh e "ann an Dun-
Eidin, d'am bu cbomb-ainm Dun-Mon-
aidb, an 21mb la de'n mbios April 'sa'
bbUadbna 15G7." B' cigingu'n tugadh
Dun-Eidin mar ainm air a' bbaile cbo
fad 's a bba rigb Edwin beo, 'se sin
roimb 'n bbliadbna C33, oir an deigb a
bbàis cba bbiodb e dualacb an t-ainm a
tboirt air, do bbrlgb nacb biodb e cbo
soilleir CO a rinn au daingneacb mu'n
do gblac na Gaill an t-aite, agus b' eigin
gu'n d' fhuair e an t-ainm so fada mu'n
d' tbàiuig Agricola agus na Romanaich
do 'n tlr, oir bba an earrann sin de
Albainn cbo Ian sluaigb le 'm bailtibh
daiugnicbte agus gu'n do gbabb an
Ceannard Romanacb so da bbliadbna a'
ceannsacbadb nan Gàidbeal a bba gn
deas air caolas na Friù agus air Cluaidh.
Tba mòran eileanan ann an caolas na
Frill ris an abrar Innis, mar tba Innis-
cbeitb, Innis-Cballuim, an Innis-Gbarbb.
Is ainraean Gàibg iad so aile agus tuig-
ear iad leis gacb Gàidbeal. Agus tha
morau àitean eile air feadb nan tri
Lothianan ris an abrar Inhliear, far
am bbeil da abbaiun, no da allt, a' coinn-
eacbadb a' cb6ile agus a' dol cuideachd,
mar tba Inbbear-bbuic, Inbbear-Lite,
lubbear-uisge, Inbbear-abbainn, agus
mav sin sios. Ann an siorramacbd
Liun-Liobbann gbeibbear na b-ainmean
soilleir Gàilig so: Acba-uam-bard,
Baile-Bbàird, an Abboinn, Baile-na-
Craoibbe, Creag-nan-Gall, Dail-nam-
meann, Druim-beag, Druim-buidhe,
Druim-dubb, Druim-loisgtc, Druim-mill-
idb, Dun-tairbb, Tòrr-fbitbicbean, agus
mar sin sios. Agus an siorramacbdaibh
Dhunfris, Roxburgh, Ghalloimy, agus
ShcdJiirJci\vA an tir Ian ainmeauGàidbeal-
acb, mar tba Sean-cbatbair, au Càrn-
seilicb, Dail-Rigb, Dun-scòrr, agus na
ccudau de 'u t-seòrsa sin. Tba so uile
dearbbadb gu'n robb an tir aon uair Ian
Gbàidbeal, agus ged a db' fbalbb an
sluagb agus a tbeirig a' Gbàilig anus na
cearnaibb sin, gidbeadb db' fbuiricb na
b-ainmean a tbug iad air na b-tiitibh
gnn atbarracbadh gus an la an diugb.
Tliugadb na b-ainmean so air na b-àit-
iljji ud ceudan bUadbna mu'n d' tbàinig
na Ròiuanaicb do db' Albainn, o cbeann
còrr agus da mbile bliadbna roimbe so,
agus tuigear iad leis gacb Gàidbeal a'
cbeart cbo matb agus ged a b' ann au
do a db' ainmicbeadb iad. Mur bu
Gbàidbeil na Calcdonaich agus na
Pictich cia mar a b' urrainn so a bbitb.
Tba ni eile a dbearbbas gur b-i a'
Gbàilig a labbair na Picticb; se sin
CeaJ Miosa'Gheamhraidh, 1872.
AN GAIDHEAL.
225
i Dàia Oisein. Rinneadh na DUn so
[' eaclar a.d. 207, linn an Impire Severus,
: agiis A.D. 276, a' bliliadhna 's au do
mharbhadh Oscar mac Oisein le Cairbre
Ruadh, Bha so ma thuairim sea ceud
blÌAdhna roimli linn Clioinnich Mbic
Ailpein, agus na'm biodh a' Grhailig air
a Ii-atharrachadh an sin racbadh na
Delia air cball, no bbiodb lad air am
measgadh le facail Eireannach. Acb
! cha 'n 'eil measgadb sam bitb annta. A
■ nise mur biodb an slaagb ceudna air fan-
i tuian anas an tir, 's a' labbairfc na cànain
chendna a bba aig an sinnsearaibb, cba
tigeadb na Dain so nnas ail* chuimbne
biio linn gu linn. Db' fbeamadb iad a
bbi air an aitbris o bbeal gu beul le
daoinibb a bba làn-tbuigsian na càuaia
anus au do cbuireadb ri cbede iad air
tùs mu'm b' nrrainn so tacbairt. Uime
sin tba na Gaidheil a cborabnuidb
auns an tir o linn Oisein, — no ana am
briatbraibh eile 'si a' Grbàilig a labhair
na seanu Chaledonaich agus na Pictlch
D. B. B.
AIR CRUINN-CHORPAIBII
SOILLSEACH NAN SPEUR.
Tba e 'n a ni araon taitneacb agus
feumail do'n duiue eòlas fbaotuinn a
tbaobb gacb ni air am bbeil e'n comas
da a sbùilean a tbilgeadh. Tba oibre
a' Chrùitbeir, gìdbeadh, auns aa t-saogb-
al uadurra, cbo llonmbor 'n an gnè,
eho miorbbuileacb air an dealbbadb,
agus cbo òirdbearc air an saidbeacb-
adb, 's nacb urraiun an duine a tba
gearr-sbeallaob, agus air bbeag-eiMais,
acb fir-neoni dbiubb a rannsacbadb a
mach. Tba feartan na b-inntinn
aige cbo mòr air an trnailleadb, 's
nacb ruig iad, acb aaia an tombas ro
bbeag, air maise agus mòracbd nan
nitbe sin a ta mu'n cuairt da air an
talamb. Acb an uair a db' ambaircaas
e air na speuraibb os a cbeaun, agus a
cbitb e a' gbrian, a' gbealacb, agus na
veultau, a' gluasad gu tosdacb, ciuiti,
'n an cuairtibb fnrsuing fein, tba aobhar
aig an sin a tbuigsinn cia co diblidh,
fann, lag-cbuiseacb 'sa tba e ann fein!
Tba oibre sin a' cbrutbacbaidb a' fòiU-
seacbadb, cba'n e rabàiu cumbacbd neo-
cbriocbnacb an Tigbearua De, acb mar
an ceudaa, a ghUocais agus a mbaitbeis!
Gru'a teagarab, "Cuiridb nanèambau an
ciSill gloir Dbe, agus nocbdaidb na
speuran gniomb a lamb," — agus am
feadb 's a ta iad mar so a' toirt fianuis
air buaidbibb do-labbairt an Ti bbeann-
uicbte sin a dhealbb iad; tba iad, mar
an ceudna 'toirt rabbadb do 'u duiue
cbum e fein irioslacbadb 'n a làtbair,
mar cbreutair nacb 'eil airidb air an
trocair a's lugba o làimb-san. Is ceart
a tbulibairt rigb Israeli r'a Cbruitbear
bbeanauicbte feia; "Au uair a db'arah-
airceas mi air do nèambaibh, obair do
mbeur: air a' gbealaicb, agus na reult-
aibb, a shuidbicb tbu; co e an duine
gu'm biodb tusa cuimlmeacbail air, agus
mac an duine gu'm fiosraicbeadb tu e?"
Acb neo-iomlan mar a tba an duine 'n a
reusau agus 'n a tbuigse fein, 'sea
dbleas'nas na feartan agus na cumbacbd-
aa a tbugadb dba a gbnatbacbadb ann
a bbi'faiciau agusa'fiosracbadbDbeauns
na h-oibribb eugsambla sia a rinneadb
le Focal a cbumbacbd. Rinn na li-ab-
stoil so, an uair a tbubbairt iad, "Tre
cbreidirab tba sinn a' tuigsinn gu'n do
cbrutbaiclieadb na saogbail tre fhocal
Do, air cbor as nacb d' rinneadb na nitbe
a chitbear de nitbibb a bba ri'm faic-
iaa."
Cbum cuideacbadb a dbeanamb le do
lucbd-leugbaidh, a Gbàidbeil ioambuian,
gu beagan nitbe a tboirt fa'near mu
astar, meud, agus siubbal nan reult, tba
mi 'cur rombam miueacbadb beag a
tboirt seacbad ''air cruian-cborpaibb
sòiUseacb nan speur," ann au deicb earr-
annaibb fa letb. Cbuireadb a macb a'
cbeud ceitbir de na h-earrannaibb sin
ann an "Cuairtear nan Gleann," o
cbeann deicb bliadbna ficbead air ais ;
acb cbum am miueacbadb a dheanamb
cbo iomlan 's a dh' f lieudas mi, cuiridb
226
AN GAIDHEAL.
Ceud Miog a' Gheamhraidh, 1872,
mi 'n ad ionnsuidh iad anns an òrdugh
a leanas: —
Earranu I. Air Reultaireachd gu coit-
chioun.
" II. Air a' Ghreiii agus air
;Mercuri.
" III. Air co-shuidhcacbadli
Bhcnuis agus na Talmliainn.
" IV. Air caochlaidhibh na
Gealaich.
" V. Air na reultaibh Mars,
Bliesta, luno, Ceres, Pallas,
agus Iiipiter.
" VI. Air na reultaibh Saturn
agus Uranus.
" VII. Air na rionnagaibh ear-
bull ach,
" VIII. Air na rionnagaibh
suidbichte.
*' IX. Air gluasad agus dlùth-
tharruing nan corp-nèanih-
aidh, agus air na seolaibh-
ruara.
Air dubhradh na Greine
agus na Gealaich. —
X.
bhriàthar an t-salmadair aideachadh, a
deir, "Cuiridh na nèamhan an ceill
glòir Dhe, agus nochdaidli na speuran
guiomh a lamh." (Salra xix. 4.)
Tha reultaireachd 'na h-eolas a ta air
gach seol oirdhearc agus iomchuidh. Is
iongantach a' chlnnteachd, agus an
eagnuidheaclid leis am bbeil realta
nèimh a' gluasad ann an gorm-astar nan
speur! Trid innleachd agus foghluim,
innsidh na teallsanaich, roimh laimh,
gach caochladh a tbig air solusaibh
nèinih! Innsidh iad gu pougail mu
dbùbhradh na greine agus na gealaich,
innsidh iad c'uin a tbig gach dubhradh
dhiubh so — cia cho mòr 'sa bhios iad —
agus cia fada 's a mhaireas iad! — Ach
ged tha'm fiosrachadh so ruòr, agus
luacbmbor, "An urrainn an dnine le
rannsacbadb Dia fbaigbeil a roach?"
"Is esan a ta 'na shuidbe air cuairt na
talmbainn, agus tha a lucbdaiteacbaidh
mar fhionnain-feòir, a ta 'sineadh a mach
na uèamba mfir sgàil tbaua, agus 'gan
sgaoileadh mar bbiith anns an gabhar
còmhnuidh." (Is. xl. 22.)
Cba'n e mbàin gum bbeil reul-eolas
feumail churn an inntinn a llonadh le
sniuaintiljb iomchuidh mu ghloir, agus
,mu mhòracbd an Tigbearna Do: —
Earrann I.
AIR REULTAIREACHD GU
CO ITCH 10 NN.
An uair a bbeachdaicbeas sinn gn cùra-
mach air cruinn-chorpaibh soillseach j ach tha e feumail do'n chinue-daoine
nan speur, a' siubhal gu ciùin, agus gu , air son nitbe eug samhla eile. Air an
riaghailteach os ar ceann, cha chomas ' aobbar sin gheibhear an t-eòlais so, ann
duinn gun a bhi air ar lionadh lejan tomhas niòr no beag am measg nan'
gun
iongantas, agus gun eigheach a mach
maille ri Dabhaidh, "0 lehobhaih ar
Tigbearna cia oirdhearc tainra air feadh
na talrahainn uile! a shocraich do ghloir
OS ceann nan nèamh! 'Nuair a db'
ambairceas mi air do nèamhaibh, obair
do mbeur: air a' gbealaich, agus na
reultaibh, a shuidhich thu, co è an
duine gu'm fiosraicheadh tu e?" (Salm
viii. 1 — 4.) An uair a dh' fbosglas
sinn ar sùilean air na neambaibh, chi
sinn gu cinnteach sealladh leis am bu
choir duinn a bhi umbal agus iriosal, —
obi sinn ni's leòir chum gliocas, cnnih-
achd, agus maitbeas lehobhaih fb^ill-
seachadh d'ar luigse; — agus chum firiun
uile chinneacb! Trid an eolais so, tha
daoine fogbluimte a' faotuinn a mach
caochlaidb solnis na gealaich, — riagh-
ailtean nan seol-mara, — cnmadh agus
mend na talmbainn, — agussuidbeacbadh
agus farsuingeacbd dluicbanna agus
riogbachdan an dombain! Trid an
còlais so, mar an ceudna, tha bliadh-
naicbean air an tomhas, agus tcachd gach
truth' agus aimsir air a chombarrachadh
a mach? Trid an eòlais so, tha seòl-
adairean a' faotuinn a mach nan aitean
anns am bbci! iad air na cuantaibb mora
agus farsuing, agns a' stiùradh an
sligbcan gu tèaruinte do dhùchannaibh
an coin !
1 Mlosa' Qheamhraidh, 1872.
AN GAIDHEAL.
227
Mu dh' arahairceas neacli, air oidhche
chiiiin, reòta, ghearaliraidh, chi e mu
mhile rionnag an crochadh mar lochran-
. aibh drilianeach os a cheatia — chi e iad
do ga;h mead, agus soilleireachd — cuid
diabh beag agus faau, agus cuid eile
dhiubh mòr, agus a' deàlrachadh le
solus soilleir agus seasmhacla! Ach ged
nach fbaicear acli mu mliile dliiubli so
leis an t-sùil luim, cliithear le gloiaeach-
aibli innleacbdach a fbuaradh a macb,
mu'n cuairt de cbeud mile, uile
còmblatb! Agus cba'n 'eil an àireamb
mliòr so an coimeas ris an aireamh a ta
air an sgaoileadb air feadb farsuingeachd
ua cruitheacbd, ach mar eltean gaiueimli
air tràigb ua fàirge! Tha cuid diubh
anabarracb mor — ficbead, letbcbeud,
mile uair mi's mo na'n talamb air am
bheil sinn' a' gluasad, agus is gann a
: gbeibbear aon 'nam measg cbo beag ris !
I Goirear le teallsanaicb rionnagan
suidhicbte dbetb gacb solus a cbitbear
amis na nèamhaibb, ach cba'n abrar so
ris a' gbrein, agus a gbealaicb againne,
no ri aireamh bbeag de reultaibb agus
de ghealacbaibh eile, agus de rionngaibh-
earbullacli, ata cuairteachadb na greine,
air an toir sinn cùnntas an deigh so. Tba
na rionnagan suidhicbte aig astar
uambasadh, agus do-thuigsinn air falbh
uainue; — agus an uair a smuainicheas
sinn air am meud, an aireamh, an nàdur,
agus an astar — cha chomas dhuinn, an
sin, gun smuaineaachadh air cumhacbd
an Ti uile-gblormhoir sin " a sgeadaich
na nèamha le a Spiorad." (lob xxv. 13)
Chum beachda thoirt air astar nan
rionnag so air falbh, ghabhadh am peileir
a's luaith' a chaidli riamb a macb a beul
gunna, ged a dh' fhanadh e 'ua dheann-
aibb, còrr agus muillean bliàdhna, mu'n
ruigeadh e cuid dhiubh! Nach ceart
a dh' fbeudas daoine a' cheist a chur, Co
a rinn ua nithe mora, maiseach, agus
miorbhuileach so? Co, ach an Dia sin,
"a rinn an talamh le 'chumhacbd, — a
shoeruich an saoglial le 'ghliocas, — agus
le 'thuisge a sgaoil a macb na nèamba."
(ler. X. 12.)
Tha na reulta so uile air an suidheach-
adh, mar ga'ra b'ann, 'nan teagblaicb air
letb, air feadb farsuingeachd na cruith-
eacbd! Tba aireamh shonruicbte dhiubh,
aig am bheil grian doibh fein, m'a
timchioU am bheil iad a' siubhal, ann an
cuairtibb eug-sambla; agus o'm bheil iad
a' faotainn soluis agus teas! Tha air-
eamh nan grian, 's nan reull, a ta 'gan
cuairteachadb air an dòigh so, cho mor,
a's nach urrainn teallsanaicb le'n uil'
inideachdaibb, a bbeag sam bith a
dbeanamh a mach gu cinnteacb mu'n
timchioU! Cosmhuil ris gacb grian eile,
tba a' ghrian againne 'ga nochdadh feia
anns na speuraibb, air a cuairteachadh
le a reultaibh fein, ris am bheil i a' comh-
pairteachadh ai'aon soluis agus teas!
Air di a bhi fagus do làimh, an coimeas
ri grianaibb eile na cruitheacbd; tha
sinn 'ga faicinn mor, cruinn, agus deal-
rach; am feadb 'sa chi sinn na grianan
eile, mar rionnagaibb beaga, driUnneach,
a thaobh am mòr-astar air falbh! Ged
nach d' fhuair daoine foghluimte a bbeag
a mach mu tbimcbioll nan rionnag
suidhicbte, agus nan grian do-àireamh,
a ta air an suidbeachadh mar sheudaibh
boillsgeach, anns na speuraibb os ar
ceann; gidheadh, fhuair iad a mach
mòran de nitbibh air mliodh cinnteacb,
mu tbimcbioll na greiu' againn fein, agus
an teagblaicb bhig de na reultaibh, a ta
'g iadhadh gu siùijhlacb, tosdach, mu'n
cuairt di! Orra so, uime sin, bheirear
a nis cunntas goirid agus cinnteacb,
chum 's gu'ra faicear moraebd agus
cumhacbdRigh siorruidh nacruitheachd
a dhealbb iad uile an toiseach.
Fbuaradh a mach gu'm bheil seachd
mhòr agus ceithir bheaga de reultaibh
seacharanacb, a' siubhal timchioU na
greine, ann an cuairtibb air letb, agus
gu'm bheil gealaichean aig còig de na
reultaibh so, a ta 'gan cuairteachadh,
ceart mar a tba iad fein a' cuairteachadh
na greine! Tha gacb aon de na
cearcallaibh mora so, anns am bheil na
reultan a' siubhal, aig caochladh astair
air falbh o'n ghreiu; uime sin, tha a'
AX GAIDHEAL.
CeudMioga'Gh amhraidh, 1372,
glirian air a snidheachadli ami am
meadbou a teaghlaicb,
Cruiun mar Ian sgiatli chruaidh nan triath,
far am bheil i a' tilgeadh a mach a
gallianiia-soluis, air gach aoa fa letli
d'a reultaibh, agus 'gan ath-nnadhach-
adb gacb la le maise, agus soilleireacbdl
Til a na reultau air an ainmeachadb mar
a Icanas, agus anus an òrdugli anns am
blifil iad aig astar o'nglirein: MERCura,
Bhexu?, ax Talamft, Mars, Biiesta,
luNO, Ceres, Pallas, Iupiter, Saturn,
agus Uranus.
Bbeirear cunutas orra so fa letb, ami
an earrauuaibb eile an deigb so.
SGiAxnAXAcn.
SEACHDUINN AN CINN-A'-
GHIUTHSAICH.
PlIIR MO ChRIDIIE,
'S i mo bheachd gu'n robh 'ur
luclid-leughaidh a' sineadh air smaoin-
•eacliadli nach cuirinu-se 'n corr triob-
laid orra, le mo chuid feala-dha, air
duilleagaibh A' Ghaidiieil. Ma bha,
chi iad a nise iiacli robh an cuid faidh-
idearacbd clio firinneach 's a bha iad
'N
uair a S2;r
iobh
'Ceum
KG DiiA o'n Chagailt" 's an fc-seath-
amh àircamh de 'n Ghaidheal, gheall
mi gun innsinn aig am eile clio math
'sa thaitinn Ciun-a'-ghiùthsaich rium,
's air an aobhar sin ni mi dichioll air
focal no dba 'chur ri cheile, agus mar
a thuirt an ceard '"mar a dian mi spaiu,
millidh mi adharc."
Ma's math mo chuimhnc, dh-innis
mi ann an "Ceum no dha o'n Chcagailt"
gur h-ann 'g am chluith fein a blia mi
'a Cinn-a'-ghiiithsaich, oir cha d' rinn
mi ni ach falbh d Inbhir-nis mar rinn
an "Rimasdach" ;'i Glaschu. Tha mi
'faicinn gu'n do dh-ionnsaich csan a
bhuidseachd air a chuairt, ach mise,
cha chuala mi guth mu bhuidsichean
no mu shithichean (an Ni math gu'n
robh 'g ar gleidheadh) am fad 'sabha
mi 'm Baideanach. 'Si cailleach an Lag-
ain, a' bhan-bhuidscach mu dhcireadh
airan d'fhuair miiomradh'sauduthaich ;
agus air son sithichean, cha'u'eilduine
am Baideanach a clmnnaic a h-aon
diubh riamh : ma tlia, cha chuala mise
mu dheighinn. Theagamh gu'm bheil,
feadhainu de'rluchd-Ieughaidh-se nach
cuala an sgeula rau bhean an Lagain,
agus air an aobhar sin, their mi focal
nodhàmu'n uilebiast. Ma tha gach
sgiala fior 's i 'chuir as an rathad Iain
Garbh Mac-'IUe-Challuim Ràrsaidh;
ach air an latha 'rinn i sin fhuair ise
acaid a's galair a b;\is. Air d'i i^illeadh
an deigh "Iain Garbh" a bhàthadh,
thug i am monadh oirre agus a steach
gu'n deach i do bhothan anns an robh
fear deth 'cuid n;\buidhean a' gabhail
tàmh. Bhiodh an duine seo gu math
trie a' sealg agus nam biodh stoirm
ann (mar a thachair gun robh air an la
ud) bu chleachdach leis 'anail a Icigeil;
agus ma-dh-fhaoidte, an oidhche 'chuir
seachad anns a' bhothan a dh-ainmich
mi. Air an la seo bha e staigh 's an
deagh ghealbhan air a bhial-thaobh, a's
e 'g a thiormachadh 's 'ga ghaireadh
fein. Siiil 'gan d' thug e air an dorus
ciod e chunnaic e ach cat peallach,
odhar, agus gur gann a bha e 'lean-
tuinn a cheile leis a' bhochduinn. Bha
da chh aig an t-sealgair, a's leum iad
air a' bheisd cho luath 'sa thàinig e
gus an dorus. Cha bu luaithe 'leum
na coin air na thug e ran as agus aig
an am cheudna dh-iarr e air an t-sealg-
air tròcair a dheanamh air. Ghabh an
sealgair n:òrioghuadh air do'n chat
labhairt ris; agus a chum 'sgu 'm faic-
eadh e ciod 'n seorsa beathaich a bh'
aige chaisg e na coin; 'sanuair a chaisg
cha 'n f hac e ach an cat mar a bha e 'a
toiseach. "Thig gus an teine 'sdean
do ghaireadh" deir an sealgair. "Cha
d' thig" ars' an cat, "oir tha eagal orm
gu'n gearr do chuid chon mi." Thug
an cat an seo ròineag fhada do'n t-sealg-
air, ag iarraidh air aig an am cheudna
na coin a cheaugal leatha ris a mhaide-
cheangail. Chuir an sealgair an ròineag
mu'n mhaide-cheangail, agus leag e air
Còwì Mios a' Gheamhriidli, 1872.
AN GAIDHEAL.
229
ris a' cliat gu'n do chuir e air na coin
i mar an ceudna. An seo thàinig an
cat thun an teine; agas cha bu luaithe
; 'thainig na shin e air fas mòr. Thug
( an sealgair an aire do seo, agus ars'
'; esan, "droch shiubhal ort a bhiast leib-
eideach, 's tu tha 'fas niòr;" a's ann
' am prioba na svila bha 'n cat cho raòr
ri mialchu; agus an ath shealladh
chruth-atharraich a bhiast e-fèin 's co
bh' aige ach tè deth 'bhan-nàbuidhean
ifis an canta gu coitchionn "Bean an
Lagain," agus air an robh e cho eòlach
's a bha 'n liagh air a' phoit. "A
shealgair nam beann" deir ise, "thàin-
,ig crioch do ]àithean-sa. 'S fhada
> le b' f huathach leat mi-fein 's mo
sheòrs', ach a nisegheibh sinubuaidh.''
Leum i air, 'srinn i greim air a sgornan;
ach cha bu luaithe 'leum na 'leum na
coin oirre-se; "teanuaich a's tachd a
roiueag" ars' ise — 'si'n diiil gu'n robh
I an roineag mu abhaichean nan con —
. 's cha bu luaithe 'thuirt, na 'gheàrr an
; roineag am maide-ceangail. Bha na
I coin an sàs innte, 'g a caobadh 's ga
ireubadh, ach mu dlieireadh fhuair i
uapa, 's am j^rioba na siila dh-fhalbh i
air iteig 'an cruth fithich. Gu sgeula
goirid a dheanamh dhuibh, fhuair i
bàs an oidhche sin. Thachair do dhithis
iChoisichean a bhi, aig a' cheart am, a
tighinn seach a' Monadh-liath eadar
Srath-eire 's Bàideanach; 's ciod a
chunuaic iad ach boireannach 'n a ruith
's 'n a teann ruith, a' tighinn 'n an
.coinneamh, agus chaidh i seachad orra
gun aon fhocal a ràdh. Cha deach iad
fad air an aghaidh an uair a choinnich
da chii dhubh iad 'nan teann ruith air
lorg a' bhoireanuaich. Goirid an dèigh
seo, choinnich duine dubh iad, a' mar-
cachd air each dubh. Stad am mar-
caiche dubh a's dh-fheòraich e am faca
iad am boireannach 's na coin 'n a
dèigh. Thuirt gu'm fac'. "Saoil sibh
am beir iad oirre mu'n ruig i 'n cladh ?"
Thuirt na fir nach biodh iad fada 'n a
dèigh co-dhiù ; 's an sin dh-fhalbh am
marcaiche. Cha b' fhada gus gu'n
d' rug e orra tighinn air ais agus am
boireannach seachad air a bhial-thaobh
air an diallaid — an dara cii an slaoda
ri 'sliasaid air taobh clith an eich, agus
an CÙ eile an slaoda ri 'cioch air a
thaobh deas. 'S an dol seachad thuirt
fear de na coisichean "Puig thu oirre."
"Rug" ars' am marcaiche "direach aig
dorus a' Chlaidh." — Thainig na fir do
Bhàideanach a's dh-innis iad mar
thachair doibh air an t-slighe; is bn
mhuladach e, oir cha 'n 'eil teagamh
nach e spiorad cailleach an Lagain a
chunnaic iad a' ruith thun a' chlaidh
(oir b' àite seunta e) agus am Fear-mill-
idh air a tòir.
Latha de na làithibh, 's mi air mo
chuairt, co 'choinnich mi ach
Dòmhnull-Phcàil, am bard, duine cho
aoigheil 's cho toilichte 's a chur cas am
bròig. Labhair bathais-gun-naire ris a
cheart co tapaidh agus ged a b' eòl
domh e o ghlùn mo mhàthar; 's mo
labhair, cha b'e freagairt gruamach a
fhuair mi. Shin sinn air bruithinn
mu 'n Giiaidheal agus faodaidh sibh a
bhi cinnteach nach ann 'g a chaineadh.
"An cuala tu riamh an. rann seoT' ars'
esan: —
•'Tha Gliàilig air a sgiathiiibli
'S tha 'srian aicc 'n a beul;
'S sean i, 's cha do liath i
'S i riamh aun o hnn Eubh —
'S mar fhir-eun anus na nialaibh,
Os cionn gach ian 's na speir!"
Cha 'n 'eil fada le chunnaic mi litir
's A' (Jhaidheal mu dheighiun òran a
rinn'Dòmhnullcòir. Cha'n urrainnmise
'thuigsinn co e 'n " Galium" a sgriobh
an litir ud; ach gun teagamh sam bith,
tha fios agaibh-se. Cha 'n fhaca mise
duine an Cinn-a'-ghiiithsaich de'n
aium ach aon ionragau a bha gu math
trie air an t-sràid, agus ma's math mo
chuimhne 'se "Callum Post" a chuala
mi iad ag radii ris; a's mheall mo
bharail mi, ma 's e esan a sgriobh do 'r
n-ionnsuidh.
Air cuairt eile air an robh mi fhuair
mi iomradh air bard eile an Cinn-
230
AN GAIDHEAL.
Ceud Mios a' Gheamhraidh, 187f.
'a-gbihthsaich. Ged blia mi eòlach
air bàrdachd Dbòmbniiill Pbàil o in'
òige, cha cbnala mi guth riabh mu
DbòmbnuHa' Cbnuic (oir 'se sin ainm
coitchioiin an fhir eile). Gu'n fhios
nach'cil luchd-leugbaidh A' Giiaidiieil
cbo aineolach air snbhadcean an duine
POO 's a bba mi-fein mu'n deach mi do j
dh-àvd bbaile Bbàidcanach, bheir mi
dhnibh na rainn a leanas. Bha iad air
an labbairt leis fein, air dba eiridh a
db-òl deocb-slàinte nigliinn Thigbearna
Chbiainidb, air dhi Òcùiìtean Fitzroy
a pbòsadb,
"'Si seo deoch-slàinte 'clnipuill ùig
A phòd 'an Caisteil Chluainidh;
'S a dh-fhalbh Diar-daoin le aoibhneas as,
'S an staoidhle mar bn dual doibh. —
Bi'dh sinne 'guidhe sòlais dhoibh
'S a 'g Ò1 le Ian na cuaiche —
'SaogU'l buan as mòr thoil-irmtinn dboibli
'S iad cinntinn mar an luachair.
'N uair 'tbàinig beul na b-oidbche
Bba aoibbneas a' measg naislcau,
Bba aoibbneas ann am Bàideanach,
'S gacb àite 'n cnalas luaidh air.
Bba 'n tir gu lèir a' soillscacbadh
Mar dbaoimeanan mn'n cn.iirt dninn,
'S mar mbeadbon la bha 'n oidliche
Le tein'-aoibhnis air gacb guallainn.
Bba Còìrncal Bbailebhilleadb ann
Nacb tilleadb le 'cbuid armacbd —
Bha còrr a's coig eich fbicbead aigo
'Tarruing giuthas sgealbta —
Sid "s clii'i air fear I'airc an t-Cbeipeil
'S gun cbcist cha'n fhicas cearb air:
'S gur mòr an cliù tba 'm Baideanacb,
'S g ich ait an cualas ainm air.
«f o «S fit «t »
Ach 's i ar gnidbe 'n trà seo,
'S gu br;\tb do'n cbàraid uasail.
An t-àrd Rìgb 'bhi 'n a gheard orra
'S gacb ait' an dian iad gluasad,
'S iad leantuinn lorii; an sinnsearaebd,
'S gu cinnteacb bi'dh iad buadbach,
'S ar duil gun till iad sàbbailte
'Chur fàilt' air Tigbe.irna Chluainidh,
Air dbomb pilltinn do 'n taigh 's an
robb mi 'tamb, sbin mi air bruitbinn
ri mo cbaraid (fear-an-taiglie) mu gacb
m a bha mi 'faicinn 'sa' chiinntinn gus
mu dhcireadb a tbionndain ar conal-
tradb mu na bàird. "Siii am pac,'*
ars' esan, ''a tba fas lionmbor, na bàird,
no gu b-àraid lucbd-millidb nan dan.
Cba 'n 'eil duine, ma gbeobb e bliadbna.
no dlia 's a' sgoil uacb sin air toirfc a>
cbreidsiun air fein 's air càcb, gur bard
e. CbuaLa mi iomradb air piobaire leia
am bu cbleacbdacb a bbi aig gacb pòa
adb a's banais 's an diitbaicb an làith-
ibb 'òige; agus mar sin a' tional mòraii:
airgeid. Acb air dba 'bbi tigbinn gU'
aois sbin feadbainu eile air a' cbeard,!
agus cba robb an sean pbiobaire 'faigh"
inn cuireadb gu aon bbanais anns an
fbicbead a bba e cleacbdadh 'sna 'làith-
ibb a dli-aom'. Latba de na làitbibh
cboinnich duine eil ris, a sbin air
bruitbinn mu na piobairean òga mu'n
cuairt; '0 drocb sliiubbal orra' ars' an
sean fbear, ' Cba'n fbaigb tbu clach
a tbilgeas tu aircii acb piobaire;' acb a
nise na bàird; cba'n fbaigb tbu clach
a tbilgeas tu air cii acb bard." '"Sam
bbeil sibh a' smuaineacbadb" deir mise,
"nacb 'eil bard idir ri fbaigbinn an
diugb?" "Cba'n 'eil" ars' esan "'SmÌ
nacb 'eil; acb ged a gbeobbar beagan
cruinneacbd a' measg ar lucbd eallaidb
tba 'm moll ro pbailt. Na sniuainich
idir gur bàrdacbd rann no dba a cbur
an altaibb a cbeile (gu trie gle cbearb-
acb) gun aon smuaintean 'n am me?
nacb cuala sinn o làitbibb ar nòige<<
Tba'n fbeadbainn a tba 'ceangal
cuid rainn gun bbrigb ri seann fbuinil:
bblasd-mhòr Gbaidhealacb an dhil gu'a
ctim iad an cuid fein spleadbacbais a
cuimbne air a mbodb sin ; acb tba iail
gu trie a' call an chrsa, agus an cuifl
ranntacbd a dol air an t-sligbe ^à
an robb i cbo toilltinneacb — eadhonj
sUghe na di-clndmhne. Agus tboir a!
cbluas de mo cblaigionn-sa ma bhioi
iomradb aig an àl a tba 'g eiridb suaai
air aon anns an fbicbead de na sgaom-l
airean a tba nise 'gabbail orra'bbi 'nami
bàird. Acb togaraaid diubb. Ciodii
do bbeacbd de Bbàid^anacb ?"
Db-iunis mi dba mo bbeacbd d9<
Bbàideanacb; agus A Giiaidhbiìji
Oeud Mlos a' Qheamhraidh, 1872.
AN GAIDHEAL.
231
chomhairlichinn duibli-se cuairt a
thoirt troimhe; oir 'se fior àite Gàidh-
ealacli a th'ann. Ann an cuid de dh-
àitibh de'n Ghàidhealtaclid innsidli iad
, dhuibh le spalpadh pròise nach leugh
iad a' Ghàilig (ge nair e ri 'cliluinntinn)
ach am Bàideanach ma tha neach idir
ann nach leugli canain bblasdmbor
Fbinn a's Oisein 's ann le atbadb, as
rutbadh nàire 'na agbaidb a db-aidicb-
eas se e. Db' aindeoin gacb àite 's an
robb mi cba do tbacbair mi ri boireann-
aicb a bba ebo ealanta air leugbadb na
Gàilig rÌ3 na Ban-Bbàideanaicb. Tba
iad cbo eòlacb air A' Chuairtear 's a
tba iad air abbaiun Spe ; agus 's i mo
bbeacbd gu'm faigb An Gaidheal
deadh aoigbeacbd 'na measg. Ach tba
mi 'n deigh cus a sgriobbadh mar tba,
agus ged bii mbiannach leam mòran a
cbantuiun fatbast, 's èigin domb sgur;
agus tba mi 'n dòcbas gun cur sibh see
's a' chiad Ghaidheal, oir
'•Cha-n-eil mise 'giunseadli blireng;
Tha mi fior 's n a h uile cnr;
Cha-n-eil mearachd 'na mo sgiala ;
Tha gach smiach a thuirt mi ceart,
'S i 'n f hirinn i, ho ill ii o,
'G a h-innseadh dhuibh hii ill ò;
'S co-dhunaidh mi ho ill ù o,
Le diirachd dhuibh hù ill o."
CUAIRTEAE.
CALLUM A' GHLINNE.
Earran III.
Air do Challum an sgoil fhagail, cbaiclh
i 'fhasdadh ri 'sheau'air car leth-bbliadbna
\ gu bbl 'buacbailleacbd spreidhe ann am
t braighe a' ghliniie. Bha a shean'air
• 'n a dhaiue coinbarraicbte 'na latha agus
' 'n a inbhe feui. Cha b'aithae dha riamh
; leugbadli no sgriobliadli ach bha e
'■ anabarrach geur, soilleir 'n a thuigse
■ agus 'n a bhreithneachadh. Bha e 'n a
' fhear-gnothuichtapuidh, sgilear, curarn-
aeh, oiiorach. Ann an reic agus ceanu-
ach theii'te guu robh e daoauan
fortanach; ach cha robh ni air bith de
[ dhiombaireachd no de thuiteamas 'n a
fhortan, ach a tbàlantan nàdurra fheia
a bhi gu bunailteach air an cleachdadh
agus air an riagbladh le onoir, le cùram,
agus le adhartachd. Tha e duiUch a
ràdh, cia mar a ràinig e air na bh' aige
de "speur-eolas" — cia mar a b'aithne dha
ti'àitbean na gealaiche o mhlos gu raios,
5gus a bhuaidh a bha aig am tighiun a
staigh agus aig dol a mach nan ceith-
reamhau air an t-side agus air na
siontan. B' iad cùrsa na greine 's an
latha, agus nan rionuag 'san oidhche, a
b' uaireadair dha. Chomharraicheadh
e mach àireamh nach bu bheag de na
rionnagaibh suidhichte agus de na
rionngaibh gluasadach, agus an cuairt-
shiubhal fa leth troimh chopan na h-
iarmailt. Bha barrachd creideis aig a
luchd eòlais 'na fbaisneachd-side na'bh'
aca anu am "Miosachan Bhaile cliath."
Le bhi 'toirt geur aire do an t-side re
da la dheug na Nollaige — 'se sin dusan
latha roimh latha Nollaig — dh'innseadh e
ciod an gne side a bhiodh a buadhachadh
re gach mlos de'n ath bhliadhna — oir na
'tn biodha cheiid latha de'n dà-là-dheug
stoirmeil no air chaochladh, bhiodh a
cheud mhios de'n bhliadhna mar siu mar
an ceudna; agus mar siu air adhart o
mhios gu raios. Air au oidhche mu
dheireadh de'n bhliadhna, le bhi toirc
fainear an airde o 'm biodh a' ghaoth a'
seideadh, dh' innseadh e ciod an gne
toraidh no tacar airson am biodh an ath
bhliadhna comharraichte, agus ciod a
bu bhinthas do 'n bhliadhna anns a'
choitehionn, agus, sin a reir na seana
riaghailt a leanas: —
Gaoth o'n deas, teas a's toradh;
Gaoth o'n iir, iasg a's bainiie;
Gaoth o'n ear, meas air chra maibh;
Gaoth o'n tuath, fuachd a's feaauadh.
Bha aige mar an ceudna, air a mheogh-
air, aireamh do-chreidsinn de shean-
fhocail thaghta anns an robh moran de
ghliocas agus de fbeallsanachd ro
fhallain air am filleadh a staigh. Bhiodh
e gu trie 'gan aithris do Challum, mar
chaitheamh aimsir ann 's na feasgair —
233
AN GAIDHEAL.
CeuJ Miosa' Gheamhraidh, 1S72.
agus a' cur dencbainn air a tlmigse agus
air a bhreithneachadh le blii a cur
clieisdean ris, a tbaobh nam firiunean
air ail robh iad a' cur soluis. Fuodaidli
ar lucbd leugbaidb a tbuigsiiui o'u
eiseimpleir a Icanas, an deagb oileineacb-
adb a bba Galium a' faotainu o' sbean'air
aig an am ud. "A laocbain, ciod a
sbaoileas tu a bba an duine glic o sbean
a' ciallacbadb leis a' cbombairle a tbng
e d'a mbac air dba 'blii togail air a db'
iarruidb ceile — 'A mbic mo cbuim! ciod
airbitb a db'eireas dbuit,feucb gum faigb
thu d'eun, Ti neid gblain; seicbainnCeulag
'us Cinneadag agus lolacb-an-coill'."
An ùite 'bbi freagairt nan ceisdean, 'se
bu rogbuaiobe le Galium a bbi 'na tbosd,
gu bbi toirt cotbrom do 'n cbeisdear e-
fein a bbi 'ga mineachadb, ui a dbeauadb
e air an doigb so — "Eun a, neid gblain"
— faodaidb an t-cun a blii glau, ged robb
an nead salacb, — faodaidb nigbcan
mbaith tigbinn o dbrocli mbatbair, agus
mac ouoracli dcagb-bbeusacb o atbair
bradacb, breugacb; acli ged a db'
fhaodas, leauaidb mìcbliù nam parantan
air a' cbloiuu cbo math ri an aiiigidb-
eacbd. Soacbainn "Geolag." Ma cbi
tbusa te a bbios a sior-sbeinn o mhocb
gu anmocb, acb 'fbad 'sa bbios i 'na
cadal, gabb sin mar cbombarradb air
eancliain fbalamb — air iutinn eu-domb-
ain, — agus air lamban iieo-adbartacb.
"Ginneadag" — sin agad te a bbios an
cimbnuidb a' deanamb uaill as a dàimb
ri uuislean ard-inbbeacb natire — ma-db'
fbaodte vis an "uaisle bhocbd gun cbas
gun lamb" nacb cuir salann air a' cbal dbi
fbcin no do mbuinutir eilc. "lolacb-an-
coill" — sin agad to a cbluinnear far nacb
faicear i, agus do nacb comas a locbdan
fein no faillinean muiuntir eile a cbletb,
ciod air bitb a tbig 'n a lorg — te aig am
bi acbeud fbacail 'samfacalmudbeireadb
de 'n cbonaltradb aims gacb aite an
suidb no 'n seas i. — Mar so bba Galium
air dheagb oileineacbadb gacb feasgar
ann an gliocas agus ann am feallsanacbd
nan seanacbaidbean;oir cba'neil teagamli
nacb ann a uuas uatbasan troi bbeul-
aitbris nan ginealacb a tbainig a cbuid
'bu mho agus a b' fbearr de na seau-
fbocailgbeur,shoilleir,bbrigbmhor, abba
cbo pailt 'am nieasg nan seann Ghaidh-
eal; agus cba'n eil c idir coltach, gum be
daoiue aiueolach ueo-fhogluimte a b'
ughdairean dboibh. Ni mo am bheil e
coltach, gu'm faigbeadb daoine aiueolach
aitbne air a' bbuaidh a tba aig fas agus
earradbubh na gealaich air fiodb, air
luighibh agus air ainmbidbibh ana
an amaibb araid de 'n bliadbna — gu'm
bheil am fiodb a chinneas air an
duatbair ni's cruaidbe agus ni's fallaine
na 'm fiodb de n t-seorsa cheudna a
cbiuneas air an deisear, agus mar an
ceudua gu'm mair agus gu'n seas am
fiodb a ghearrar bharr a bhuinn 's aa
earradbubh ni's fearr na 'm fiodb a
ghearrar 's an fbàs — agus ioma ui eile
a tba ach beag a' dearbhadh gu'n robh
uair eigin 'am measg nan seann Ghaidh-
eal, daoine araid aig an robh ard-eolas
air diomhaircachd laghanna Naduir,
Eadar teagasg agus conaltradh a
sbean'air agus tosdachd chiauail naa
raou air an robh Galium a' cur seachad
nan laithean fada grianach 'n a aonar,
far an robb cotbrom aig 'iuntin rannsach-
ail a bbi 'breitluieacbadb air oirdbearcas
iongantach ioma-gbneitbeach obair
Naduir, thill e dhachaidh aig ceann|*-i
na leth-bhliadhna a' saoilsinn gu'n roblt'i
barracbd de fhior fbogblum air a chos-.-
nadh leis re na h-uiue ud, na'choisinn e
re an iomlan de 'n uine a bba e fo oid-
eachas Eacbaiun sgoileir ann an sgoil
na sgireachd, agus le dian iarrtaa
dealasach an deigh air fogblura nach d'
fbairi(;h e riamb roimbe. Thuit e 'nis.
ann an gaol air foghlum agus air fiosrach-
adh a bba gu mor ni bu teotha agus a
bu mbaireannaiehe na 'n gaol a thug c do
'n bban-cheaird; ach b'i a cheisd cia mar
a gheibbeadh e ruigheacbd air, oir fbuair
e cbeana na b' urrainn Eachan sgoileir
a theagasg dba. llùnaich 'athair a char ■
do ard-sgoil ann 'sa' bhaile-mhargaidh à
b' fbaisge; ach cha robh e 'san dan gun
tachradb e. 'Nuair a bba Galium ma
Ceud Mios a' Gheamhraidh, 1872.
AN GAIDHEAL.
233
clieitliir bliadhna deug a dli' aois, | cho riomhach loiimeil ri ban-tighearna,
leagadh sios athair le tinneas o nach d' j le a boineidean iteach ribineach, le
cirich e, agus cha b' fhada gus an robh | 'deiseaclian sioda, le a botainnean tana
a mhathair 'n a bantraicli — ni a thug I bioroch laiunireaoli ard-shaileach, agus,
caocMadhaii'suidlieacbadasusaircrann- na 'm faodte a mathair a chreidsina° le
chur an teaghlaich. Smuaioich Callum
iia'ra biodh e 'n a fhear ceairde, gu'm
faodadh e ri h-uine, le dichioll, le ciiram
agus le adhartachd ruigheachd aig a
chuid 'bu lugha, air tomhas de'n ard-
fhoghlum air an robh e an geall cho
mor. Bu trie a chuala e iomvadh air
òganaich ghleusda, dheanadach, de a
luchd duthcha a dh' oileinich iad fein le
toradh an cosnaidh anus a' Glialldachd,
gu bhi 'n am ministeirean agus na 'n
lighichean; cha robh mor thlachd aige
'san am ud de aon seach aon de na
gairmibh ud; cha tugadh e moran air na
dreuchdan ud fa leth, na 'u coisueadh e
an t-ard-fhoorhlum a bha feumail gu
dorlach de 'n or 'na sporan a bharr' air
na bha mu' muineal agus 'na cluasibh
dheth. An deigh do Ruairidh Eoghain
an tàilleireachd ionnsachadh o 'athair,
thug e Glaschu air; aig ceanu bliadhna
no dha, thug e cuairt air ais a dh'
fhaicinn a chairdean, le a dheiseachan
briagha dethaghadh nan cloSasunnach,
le'bhata cuilc agus ceann airgid air 'n a
laimh, agus sgailean sioda fo 'achlais, le
uaireadair airgid air slabhruidh òir, le
'fhaineachaibh agus le 'sheudaibh
cosdail— CO a theireadh nach be latha an
àigh dhasan, an latha a dh' fhag e a
dhuthaich. Rinn cuairt Ruairidh a
'eithid de fharum 'san sa;ireachd 'sgun
bhi 'ga uidheamachadh air an son; bha | robh Donncha nan oran air a o-hluasad
barrachd deigh aig air f oghlum air a sgàth
fheiu na air a bhuanachd a dh'fhaodadh
tighinn 'n a lorg. Mar mheadhoin fa
chomhair na criche a chuir e ri a shuil,
cheangail se e-fein mar fhoghlumach ri
fear ceairde ann an clachan na sgir-
eachd. Leag e inntiun gu dùrachdach
air a cheard, re na h-uine 'bha aige ri
sheirbhiseachadh ; aig an am cheudna,
bha e 'togail foghhuu litireachail mar
a b' fhearr a dh' fhaodadh e le leughadh
agus le meorachadh. 'Nuair a thainig
a mhuinntireas gu crich, ged 'bu
chruaidh leis a mhathair agus a dhuth-
aich fhagail, bha e gu mor air a thaladh
ris a' Ghalldachd. Mu'n am ud, bha i
'n a barail chumanta anns an sgireachd
nach robh fear no te a rachadh do
Ghlaschu airsou cosnaidh, nach faod-
adh, na 'm biodh iad cùramach,
fortan a dheanamh ann am beagan
bhhadhnachan. Dh' fhag Mairi A.lasd-
air an duthaich 'n a caileig luideich,
shlaodaich, neosgiobalta le brogan èille
^sle gùn drògaid agus a fait mu 'cluasan,
'us gun smiJ 'bheurla 'n a ceann; cha
robh i ach mu leth dusan bliadhna anns
a' Ghalldach 'n uair a thill i dhachaidh
gu bhi luaidh a chliu ann an ranntachd
dheth nach eil air ar cuimhne aig an
am ach an rann a leanas —
" Ged a chaidh do phàrantan,
Arach air an Leth'r Mhuileach,
Cha 'n ith thu buutàta,
Cha 'n aill leat ach aran cruinneachd."
Cho luath 'sa_ dh' fhag Domh-
nuU, mac Lachaiun an Tuira, an
sgoil, chaidh e do Ghlaschu. Bha e
'ua dheagh sgoileir, a's fhuair e a bhi 'n
a ghille-biithaiuu^agusocheum gu ceum
chuir e suas buth mhor eireachdail air
a laimh fhein. Ri h-uine, cliaidh a
mhathair g'a fhaicinn. An deigh dhi
tilleadh dhachaidh, co a thainig 'san
rathad ach "Cailleach nan uibhean,"
gu bhi 'faotainn naigheachdan Ghlas-
chu. Aig deireadh a chonaltraidh, dh'
fheòraich i cia mar a bha Domhnull —
^"Is cinnteach" ars' ise, ''gum bheil e
'nis 'ua dhuine mor, beartach." "Tha
gun teagamh," arsa 'mhathair, — "tha
pailteas agus urram aige — chan eil fios
agam an creid thu mi, ach tha
Domhnull 'u a Sheanaileir f "A
Sheonaid! a Sheonaid! tog dheth do
bhòilich, CO a chreideadh e?" " Mata
234
AN GAIDHEAL.
Ceud Mios a'Gheamhraidb, 1872
mur creid thu mise; an atli uair atheid
tbu fein do Ghlaschu, rach a sios Marg-
adh an t-sallain agus chi thu 'ainm
agus a shloiniieadli aim an litricbibb
òir OS ceanu arddborus a bbutb —
*^ Donald MacKinnon General Grocer'
— Tba Donibnull na Sheanaileirii.\x na
Grocairean cbo cinnteacb 'sa tba mise
'ga innseadb dbuit,"
{Hi leant uiim.)
MuiLEACII.
NA SITHICHEAN.
Re raòran ùine, blia'n amaideacbd a
b' fbaoine air a creidsinn, feadb Gall-
dacbd agus Gaidbealtacbd, mu tbim-
cbioU nan daoine Sitbe. Do rèir na b-
eacbdraidb tbainig a nuas d'ar n-ionn
suidb, anns na sgeulacbdaibb spleadb-
ach a bba air an aitbris umpa air feadb
na diitbcba, bba iad nan creutairibb
neo-sbaogbalta, guanacb, eutrom, do-
leirsinn do sbuilibb dbaoine, acb 'n uair
bu toil leo feiu e, a' sior gbluasad air an
ais agus air an aghaidb, a làthair anns
gach cuideacbd, agus a macb air gacb
cò'-dbaiL Bba aca so, ma b'fbior, an
còmbnuidb ann an uambaibb fada fo
tbalamb, ann an uaigneas gbleann,
agus fo gacb tolman uaiue. Cbuireadb
as an leitb, gu'n robb iad a' sealbb-
achadb àrd-sbubbacbas'nan tallacbaibb
riombach fo tbalamb ; gu'n robb aca
cuirm sbuilbbearra air àmaibb àraidb,
le ceòl bu bbinne na aon ni cbualas air
tbalamb; agus gun robb am maigb-
deanan ni b aillidb' na uile òigbean an
t-saogbail so, iad do gbnàtb ri aigbear
agus ri dannsa, gun sgios gun airsneul;
acb 'na dbèigb so gu leir, gu'n robb
sior-f barmad aca ri muinntiraut saogb-
ail so: a b-uile togradb aca gu brigb
gacb sòlais a dbeotbal uatba, agus
domblas a tbilgeadb anns gacb deocb a
bu mbilse. Anns na linnibb dorcba
cbaidli seacbad, bba gacb bàs obann,
gacb sgiorradb, agus dosguinn, air a
cbur as an leitb; goid naoidbeana, agus
guàtbacbadb ioma^ druidbeacbd, nacb
fiacb aitbris. Mar bba anns gach
dùtbaicb san am sin daoine cuilbbeart-
acb seòlta, abba mealladb na muinntir
sbocbaracb le 'n gisreagaibb faoine,
'sann, ma b' fbior, o'n leannanaibh
sitb a tbarmaicb iad an t-eòlas a bha
iad a' gabbail os làimb a bbi aca.
Ged a cbaidb an saobb-cbràbbadh
so, agus iomadb amaideacbd eile de'n t-
seòrsa so air cbiil, ann an tombas mòr
feadb na Gaidbealtacbd, agus ged a tba
'n t-iarmad dena tbalàtbair a'teicbeadh
roimb gbatban dealracb an t-Soisgeil,
mar a sgaoileas ceo na b-oidbcbe roimh
èirigb na grèine, is iomcbuidb an ni,
gu'm biodb fios aig daoinibb ciounus a
thòisicb an fbaoineacbd amaideacb sin.
Cbitbear so ann an eacbdraidb na
dtitlicba.
0 cbionn da-cbeud-deug bliadbna
agus còrr, cbaidb creidimh nan Druidh
a tbilgeadb gu tur bun os ceann, Bha
geur-leanmbuinn gbuineacbaira dhean-
amb orrasau a gbnàtbaicb e. Bba iad
air am fògradb o ionadaibb còmbnuidh
dbaoine; agus air an co-èigneacbadh
gu tèaruinteachd iarraidh ann an gliun
uaigneach, agus ann an uambaibb
ùdluidli nan creag, far am faigheadh
iad an creidimh a gbnàtbachadh, gu
foigbidneach ann an dòcbas gu'm faigh-
eadh iad saorsa uair no uair-eigin
o'n cbruaidb-chàs o'n robb iad a'fulang.
Bba na Locblannaicb 'san am sin, ag
aideacbadli creidimh nan Druidh, agus
fhuair mòran de na cbaidb fbògradbas
an dtitbaicb so dion agus fasgadli uatba.
Blirosuuich iad so na Locblannaicb gu
diridli as an leitb; agus tba eachdraidh
na diitbcba 'g innseadb dhuinn, gur
iomad oidbeirp a thug iad, linn an
ddigh linn, aicbeambail a tboirt a mach
as an leitb. 'S ann 'n an aobbar-san a
thàinig iad 'n an cabbluicbibh a tboirt
sgrios le teine agusclaidheamli air gach
àite 'san robb eaglaisean an t-Soisgeil
no tigbean JMbanacbair an suidbeach-
adh. Fad na linn sin, bha mòran de
na sagartaibb Druidhneacb san tir so,
aig an robb còmhnuidh, mar chaidh a
Caud JIlos a' Ghsimbrai Jb,
AN GAIDHEAL.
235
ràdh, anas gach doire, agus anas gach
fàsach uaigiieach. Chum aa àireamh a
chumail saas bu ghnàth leò mnathan
agus claim a ghoid air falbh, agas gach
cothrom a bha 'a an comas a ghabhail,
chum an uireasbhuidh a dheanarah
suas mar a b' fhèarr a dh'fheudadh lad.
Bha iad innleachdach, seòlta, am feadh
'sa bha muiantir na dùthcha aiueolach,
dall ; thug iad, mar so, air an t-sìuagh
achreidsiun gu'nrobh aca fiosrachadh os
ceann naduir; agus o'n am sin, thòisich
eachdraidh nan daoine sith. So ainm
a bhuineadh gu h-àraidh do shagartaibh
nanDruidh. B'e'ngnothuch-sanreachd-
an a shocrachadh, agus sith na diith-
cha a churaail suas. Chiim iad am
moid air tulachaibh uaine, air ciiirn
Hatha, agus air beanntaibh arda; agas,
an lorg so, tha mòran de na h-àitibh
air an ainmeachadh gus an là'u diugh,
Dìm-sìth, Carn-sith, Sith-bhruth, agus
iomad ainm eile de'n t-seòrsa sin.
An dèigh do na Druidhibh so bhi air
an cur fodha, smuainich daoin' aineol-
ach, 0 'n eagal a bh' aca rompa, gu 'n
robh iad fathast air mhodh neò-shaogh-
alta a chòmhnuidh's nah-ionadaibh sin.
A thaobh na cumhachd a bh' air a chur
as leth nan daoine sith, bhae air 'ain-
meachadh, druidheachd a' dearbhadh
dhuinn gur ann mar chaidh a rcàdh
a thòisich an eachdraidh amaideach sin
Tha e gu h-àraid air innseadh mu"n
timchioll, gu'n robh amanna sònruichte
ann, anas nach robh e sona teachd an
gar d'an sith-bhruth, gu h-ai'aid air
oidhche Shamhnadh agus Bhealltuinn.
'S ana gua teagamh o chleachdadh nan
Druidh a thàiuig so a nuas; oir b' iad
so an da chuirm mhòr aca-san: agus is
diigh dhuinn a smuaineachadh, gun
oidheirpiclieadh iad daoin' a chumail
air falbh an am nan cò-dhailean sin,
fhad 'sa bha iad feiu a' cleachdadh nau
deas-ghnath sin. Agus o nach b'urr-
ainn doibh sin a dheaaamh as eugmhais
teine 's e so a thug a nuas a' bharail gu
bheilteiner'afhaicinnairnasibh-bhruth-
aibh sin, air co-aium nan am sin. Mar so
chithear cionus a thòisich eachdraidh
nan daoine sith, d'an robh cho liuthad
aoa a' toirt creideas, gus o chionn
ghoirid, ann an iomad cearna de 'n
rioghachd. — Leabhar nan Cnoc.
TALADH NA BEAN SHITH.
Tha e air aithris o cheann ioraadh linn
air ais gun d' thàinig a' bhean shith am
beul an anmoich gu Lùchairt. Mhic Leòid
Dhunbheagiin, 's an Eilein Sgiathanach,
agus gu'n gh ibh i staigb troimh gach dorus
agus seòmar gus an d' ràinig i an t-ionad
's an robh an t-oighre 'n a chadal, 's e 'n a
naoidhean òg. Thog 1 air a glùn e 's sheina
i le guth binn leadarra an tàladh neo-chum!
anta 'leanas ; an sin chàraich i an leannbh
anns a' chreathail far an d' f huair i e, agus
le 'h-earrudh fada uaine 'sle 'haogasg neo-
sh'ioghaltH, gun fhocal a 'beul, no sealladh
o 'sùil, thog i raach ris an aonach a ghabh-
ail a h-àite 'an talla a' chiùil agus nnm fleadh
am measg luchd àiteachaidh nan cnoc.
'S e mo lennabh mingileiseach, maingileÌ3-
exch,
Bualadh nan ench, glac nan li;ireach,
N;in e ich criiidheach 's nan each snagach,
Mo leanabh beag,
'S truigh nach faicinn fein do bhuaile
Gu h;\rd àrd air uachdar sleibhe,^
Còta caol caiie inach uaine,
Mu d' dhà ghuallainn ghil^a's leine,
Mo le.mabh beag.
'S truagh nach friicinn fein do sheisreich,
Fir na de idh mna-caoimhneil a' tighinaj
dachaidh,
'S na catanaich a' cur sil.
0 mliile bhog, o mhile bhog,',
Mo bhrii a rug, mo cliioch a_shluig,
Mo ghliin a thog.
M' ultach iudhair, sultmhor, rcamhar,
Ml) luachair bhog,
M' f heòil a's m' uidhean, a ni bruidhinn,
Bha thu fo mo chrios an uiridh, lus an tor-
aidh,
Bidh tu 'm bliadhna gu geal guanach
Air mo ghuallainn feadh a' bhaile, ^
Mo leanabh beag.
0 bhireinn o bhò. na cluinneam do leòn," ,'
0 bhireinn o bhò, gu'm bioraioh do shròn, '
0 bhireinn o bhò, gu'n liath thu air choir. '
236
AN GAIDHEAL.
Ceud Mios a' Gheamhraidh, IS
0 bhiveinu o bhinn tlui, clia 'n ami a
Chlanu Choiunich thn,
O bliireiun o bhinn tlm, cha'n ana a
Chlann Chiiinn thu,
0 bhircinn o bhinn thu, siol a's dòch' linn
Ihn,—
Siol nan Leòdach nan lann 'snan luircach,-
B'e Lochlainn cUithchas do shinnsir.
N. M'L.
Dun-eidin, 7
Deireadh an Fhoghair, 1872.)
DOCTUIR CEITIN
CeCENIT AG CUU SlAN chum NA llElREAXX,
AGUS E SA IlBuEATAINN.
Beannachd leat a sgribhinu
Gu Innis aoibhinn Ealga.
Truagh nach leur dhomh a bcanna,
Le gnàth a teanga dcavga.
Slàn da h-uaislean is da h-oireaelid,
Slàn go roibheachd da clearcuibli ;
Slàn da banntrachduibh caoine,
Slàn da saoithibli le h-eigse.
Slàn da maghaibh mine,
Slàn fa mhile da cnociibh ;
Mo chcan do n te ata innte.
Slàn da linntibli "s da lochaibh.
SLlu da coilltibh fa thorthuibb,
Slim da cortbiiibh iasgaidh ;
Slàn da mùiutilih 's da banntaibb,
Slùn da rathuibh 's da riasgaidh.
Slim om' chroidhe da cranntaibh,
Slàn fòs da tuarthaibh troma.
Soniidh da tnlchiiibh aonaiche ;
Slàn uaim da craobhaibh croma.
Ge gnàth a fùirne fraochcia,
An Innis naomlia neamhbhochd,
'S iar tair trom (?) chladh na dilionn,
Beir a sgribhinn mo blieannachd.
Abrach.
COMUNN GAIDHEALACII LUNNAIN.
IVSi.
Uasail Cheanalta,
Ma shaoileas tii gu 'm freagair sec, "s a'
mhàileid, 's e do Ian di-beatha dha. Cha "n
'eil ann ach sgcòd a thug mi, a chion ath-
arrachaidh, a m' "Bhalg-Tionail." Na'm
biodh annas agam gheobhadh tu e ; ach co-
dhiù, "Is naidhcachd iu- do 'n f hear nach
cual e." — Lean do bhuillc — is math do
thriall.
Air an ochdamh latha diag de Dheireadh
an Fhoghair, 1784, choinnich an comunn sco
ann an Dun-eidin, an làthair mòran biiain-
tighearnan agus dhaoin'-uaisle, a chur
diachainn air bàird 'a air piobairean ; agus a,
thoirt dhuaisean dhoibhsan a b' fhearr a
thoilleadh iad.
Chaidh sia diag dc rogha nam piobairean
a dh'fhiachainn a chèile, agus cead aig
gach fear dhiubh a rogha puirt a chluith.
An dt-'igh do gach fear a chuairt fhein a
chluith, thugadh air fear an duigh fir dhiubh
"A' Ghlas-Mhiar" a chluith. Is e seo ceòU
mòr cho briagha 's a tli' aun, thathas am
beachd. Chuireadh niu choinneamh nam
bard oran-molaidh a dheanamh do 'n Ghàil-
ig, do 'n Phiob, agus do ii Deise-Ghàidh-
ealaich. Chluith na piobairean 's an rian a
leanas :
Na Puirt. Na P'K'bairean.
1. Moladh-Miiiri— Dòmhnull lasgair a
Braid-Albainn.
2. Cumhadh an aonMhic— Gilleasbuig Mac
Griogair a Feartaighill.
3. Piobaireachd Dhomhnuill Duibh — Iain
Mac Griogair a Gleann Liobhunn.
4. A' Ghlas-Mhiar — Iain Cuimeineach,
piobaire Thighearna Ghrannda.
5. Sliabh an t Sierra— Rob Mac Aoidh a
Dùthaich Mhic Aoidh,
6. Ceann na Drochaide moire — Iain Mac
Griogair a Feartaighill.
7. Spaidsearachd Mhic ISIhic Ailein—Iain
(òg) INIac Griogair a Feartaighill — aon
bhiiadlma diag a dh-aois !
8. . — Dòmhnull Guimhneach, piobaire
Shir Iain, am Peighiun-na-cubhaig.
9. Fàilt' a' Phrionnsa— Aonghus Ros, fear
de thuathanaich Mhic an Tòisich.
10. Cumhadh an aon Mhic — Seumasilunro,
piobaire 'Chanongate.
11. Fàilt' a' Mharcuis — Dòmhnull Mac a'
Chanonaich, a Paisley.
12. Ceann na Drochaide Bige — Dòmhnull
Ros, piobaire Dhiuc Atholl.
13. A Cholla mo ruin— Dijghall Diighallach
ii Latharna.
14. Siighan agus Lagan — Alastair Mae
Laomainn, piobaire Mhic Laomainn.
15. Fàilte Shir Seumas — Cailean Mac- an-
Aba, piobaire Mhic-an-Aba.
10. Spaidsearachd ilhic Mhic Ailein —
Donnachadh Mac na Ccàirde a Mon-
tcath.
An uair a sguir na piobairean thòisich na
bàird — Donnachadh Ban agus an Caimbeul-
ach. Sco mar a thuirt Donnachadh Ban's c
'tòiseachadh:
Innsidh ml sgeul àraid duibh,
Air Cànain 'us air Ceòl.
Jeud Mlos a' Oheambraidh, 1872.
AN GAIDHEAL.
23^
Rogla na deas Ghiiidhlig,
'S i 's feàrr a dh' innse sgeòil ;
A' chainnt a's lionmhor pairtean,
P 'Sa's oilse manran beòil;
m Gu freagrach deas ]a'bhrach,
m 'S i àrd cliuiseach gu leòir, &c.
?" An sin thug na piobairean an t-urlar orra.
Thaitinn iad clio math ris na h-uaislean
's gun do chuh- iad rotnhpa duaisean-dannsa
'thoirt seachad aig an atli choinnimh.
An am tòiseachaidli, chluith Iain Mac
Artair cuairt air a' phiob, agus cuairt eile
an am sgur. B' esan piobaire Comunn
Gàidhealach Dhùn-eidin, agus an t-aon mu
dheireadh de dh' fbòghlumaich Mhic-
Chruimein! B' ann an earbsa ris-san, agus
ri uasal eile de 'n chomimn chiadna — Dùmhn-
nil Dòmhnullach — a bha riaghhidh na
Coinnimh.
B' i 'chiad dhuais Pìob-mhòr bhannach,
airgeadach, iir, a rinneadh le fear de Chlann-
Donnachaidh, agus da fhichead marg.
Thugadh an duais so, 's bu ghcal an airidh
oirre e, do dh'Iain Mac Griog.iir a Feart-
aighill. Dh' ionnsaicli e 'phiobaireachd do
dhà-fhìchead Gàidheal; bha a cheathrar
bhrhithrean 'nam piobairean; a's b'e an athair
f hein a b' oid'-ionnsachaidh dhaibh agus do
cheithir fichead piobaire 'us deich a bharr-
achd!
B'e Dòmhnull lasgair a choisinn an dara
duais — duais-chiiinnidh ; agus tluigadh an
treas duais do Dhiighall Dùghallach a
Latharna.
Chruinnicheadh mòran airgidaig an dorus,
agus riaraicheadh e air na piobairean eile a
phàidheadh an costuis bho'n taigh 'us
dhachaidh.
Abrach.
'Siubhal eutrom gun bhi fann,
Ceum nach froiseadh dealt 'arr feoirnein,
Fiunealt' seolt' air urlar danus';
'Athair, 'Mhic, 'sa Spioraid Naoiinh!
An Co-Dhia 'an Aon is àirde glòir,
Beannaich an ribhinn òg 'na coin
0 mhullach 'ciun gu bonn a bròig!
Beannaich gach deadh bheus a's buaidh
Anns an d' f huair i urram mòr,
Bàigheil, banail, bandaidh, ciallach,
Chridhe farsuinn, fialaidh coir:
Ann an neochioutachd a h-òige,
Ann am bòicheadas a gnùis,
'Na maighdian, 'na mnaoi-phosd 's na
mathair,
Beannaich gu brath i 'Righ nan Did!
Beannaich ar mòr ghaol da cheile,
Dean e seasmliach, stcidhte, buan,
Greas an t-àm 's an toir i lamh dhomb,
'San goir mi beau mo ghràidh ri m' luaidh.
BEANNACHADH LEANNALV,
Leisan Urramach A. Stiubhairt,
'Am Bjx-Lociibar.
Beannaich a Dhia mo leannan gaoil,
Is àille dreach 's as eutrom ceum,
Beannaich i an tiis a h-òige,
A's diou an òigh d'an tug mi speisi
Beannaich a da shuil dbonu bhoidheach
'Hinn mo chridhe 'leòn air tùs,
A cid dubh, bachallach, cuachach,
Da chaol mhala 's gruaidh mo ruiu :
Beannaich a h-uchd 'sa broilleach fior-gheal,
Air an àiUe sioda 's sròl,
A gairdean reidh 'sa caol-mheuir ealamh
Air gach inneal 's am bi ceòl,
Beannaich a culpa cruiun "s a caol,
ABHUINN DU'LAIS.
Air Fo:^x : — " Coirecheathaich."
Abhainn Du'lais a' ruith gu siiibhlach,
'S a' cur na smiiid d'i le buiroidh garg'
Lochaiu dhu-ghorrn 'cur neart as iir iunt',
Is sruthain iiiseil 'ga diisg' am fearg.
Le torman tiirsach feadh ghlac a's liiban,
I 'toii-t didan do dh'uiUte garbh,
Feadh chlach a's chiiilteau a's chreag gu
sùrdail,
Gun bhoinne ciiraim, 'sa siiil ri fairg'.
Tha 'm barrach dii-ghorm a' cinntiun dlii
dhuit
'Sa \jharr air liibadh guciuiii mu d'bhruaich,
A' toirt dhuit umhlachd is thu mar dhi dchd
dha,
Gach la 'ga ùrach' 's ga chumail suas,
Sruth a' durdail a staigh troimh' 'n uire,
Gu bun nam fiurivn 'g an dusg o 'n suaiu,
Toirt culaidh iir dhoibh rian geamhradh
thoirt dhiubh,
A's fàile cìibhraiJh 'cur fàilt air 'snuadh.
So 'n sealladh eibhinu ri latha greine,
Faileas chraobhan an gruund do liim,
'Toirt fàilte speiseil le gràdh d'a cheilo
An sgàil 's na geugan le caidreamh grinn,
'S gu'n saoileadh ceudan gun tiiigs' gun
reusan,
Gur auns naspeuraibhbha steidhambuinn;
Brie a' leum riu le briosgadh eutrom,
'San itinn geura a' reubadh tuiuu.
'S lionmhor seòrsa le mian bhi pòsd' riut,
Luibh a's sòbhrach gad choir 's gach tom;
238
AN GAIDHEAL.
Ceud Mlo3 a' Gheamhraidh, 1872
Doire neòineau mu d' bhruaich 'ga còmh-
dach,
Is cuairteas: òir mar glilòir 'n-i com.
Rosg dluibhiiilt gu da'iigean dlii orra,
Bicac-gheal nrav 'stu fliir gach fonn;
'S gach maduinn chiiiiiighil bi brat do 'n
druchd orra,
1» sruthain chùbhraidh a' sùth' fo bonu.
Bi eòin an t' slcibhe air maduinn cheitein
'Natl sroath air gheugaibh a'gleLisarlhteann;
An òigridh g' eisdeachd ri ceòl an teudan,
Ancridh' a 'leum atinta an deigh gach rann,
Gu foirmeil speiseil le colg ag eiridh,
'S am borbhan fein ac' lo 'n re ghuth fann;
Claisdeachd gheur ac' 's an astar 's loir
dhaibh,
Gun aire gun eigin na 'n cid air chrann.
Ni 'n smcòrach eiridh gu barr 'na gàÌG^o,
S an uiseag tf'arnaidh o'n speur 'n a deann,
Le 'u caismeachd cheutach o ghrunnd an
cli'ibhe,
Is athrach s?enl aca 'bhog a's thall;
Mactaila shleibhtean 'toirt freagradli gour
dhoibh,
A' ruith 'sa' leumnaich o ghleann gu gle inn
Be an t' aighear cibhiiis a bhi 'g an eisd-
eachd
Co-sheirm le cheile 's gun deud na'n ccann.
Bi choiil airghluasid le ceòl neo-thruaillidh,
Fuiiiin a' chanail bu luaiiieach ceaiin,
Tighinn deas a's tuath oirn foadh eas a's
bhruaciian,
Feadh phreasa's uain chrainn gun ghruaim
gun |vhreann,
Gun smal gun smuairean a' gearradh
dhuanag,
'S car mu'n cuairt ac' gun duais gun gheall
Clia ti-eabh 's cha riimh'r iad, cha chuir
's cha bhuain iad,
'S iad soithe imh suairce na'n uaisle ghrinn,
Padkuiu Mac-an-Hothaich.
Sinaoinich mi gu "n deanainn saoir,
'S shaoileadh iad gu 'm bithmn òg.
Gaol an ainnir, &c.
Ged bhiodh agam cupal chiad,
Crodh a's caoirich air an t-sliabh,
'N uair 'dh' fhàsas an fhiasag liath,
Cha d' thoir ua h-ionagan domh pòg.
Gaol an ainnir, &c.
Smaoinich mi gu'n robh an t-àm
Dol do 'n choiil, 's cha b' aithreach leam,
Spion mi meangau as a bonn,
Blia fiamh nan crann air bàrr gach raeòir
Gaol an ainnir, &e.
Fhuair mi thu le toil na cleir,'
Toil do chàirdean 's do thoil fhoin;
Is tliug mi gealladh dhuit da rèir,
Nach deanainn eucòir ort le m' dhcòin.
Gaol an ainuir, (Ji:c.
D. C.
O R A N.
Comhairle 'bheirinn fhin
Air gach buitchealair 's an tir
(i\in iad bhi 'tarruing mòran tim,
Mu'n dean iad dimeas air a' phòig.
Gaol an ainnir a dli' fhàs ciùiii,
Ribhinn ghas>!a nan ceum dliith,
Goug nam mnangan nach gabh Hib,
'S i mo riuisa mhaighdeaun òg.
Thug mi grei<5 'am barail f liaoin,
'An diiil nach laidheadh ormsa 'ii aois ;
OIDHCHE AIR CHEILIDH.
A Ghàidheil Rùuaich,
Is taitnench loam fhaicinn o am gu am,
an oidheiip dhiongmholta tha thu a' toirt
air nithibh Gàidhealach a chumall suas mar
bu choir dhoibh a bhi; agus si m' ùrnuigh
gu'm bidh ''An Gaidheal" fada beò. Tha
liòchas agam gu'm bidh ùireamh dheth,
gach mios, air a liubhairt leis a' phost anns
gach cecàrn do 'n diithaich 's am bheil
Giiiiiheal a' chòmlmuidh. Gun teagamh,
cha bhi mòran dhiubh anns na badtibh
mora, nach ceantiaich e cho liiath is a thig
e mach. Tha mi 'cluiiuitiini mòraa 'ga
mholadh'sa' bhaile seo fuin, agus is cinnteach
mi, ri beagan iiiue, nach bi moran Gliàidh-
eal idir ann as eug'ais. Gu fior. tha feum
air a leithid air son na Gàidlieil a bhros-
nachadh gu tlachd a ghabhail air a' Ghàilig
iounsachadh; gnothuch leis an do leag iad
cadal o cheann iomadh bliadh
Is eigm
dhomh fcin aideachadh nach b' urraina
dhomh idir a' Ghàilig a loughadh ro mhath
an uaira thòisich "An GAionEAL" air tigh-
inn a mach; ach thòisich mi air a raimsach-
adii gach miDS, agus theid agam a nis air a
leughadh gu tlachdmhor.
Is taitiieach leam a nis innseadh dhuit
cuid de chracaireachd a thachair nm ghnoth-
aicliibh mar seo, aon oidhche a thuit dhomh
a bhi air cheilidh 'an taigh Gaidheal cho
fior 's a tha 's a' bhaile mhòr seo air fad. Ged
tha'nduine coir gu math os ceann leth-
cheud bliadhna 'dh-aois, is trie le giUeanòga
Ceud Mios a' Gheamhi'aidh, 1872.
AN GAIDHEAL.
239
bhi taghal 'n a thaigh. Blia e f ein a's
mise, air fin oidhche seo, 'n ar suidhe aig
an uinueig ag amharc a mach air an
t-sluagh a' bha 'dol a's a' tighiim air an
t-sràid. Bha sinn a' bruidhinn air "A'
Ghaidheal," 'nuair a thàinig a steach do'n
t-seòmar, triùir ghillean Gàidhealach, air an
robh sinn le cheile gle eòlach.
"Deanaibh euidlie," arsa fear-an-taigbe.
"Gun toagamh," ai's' esan, (a leantainn air
a sheanachas air dhoibh suidhe) "cuiridh
'An Gaidheal' gu gluasad sinn air fad a
chum tlachd a gbabbail de 'n Ghàilig, nach
robh againn oirre le cbaochail esau aig an
robh gràdh cbo mòr dhi." "Co esan a tha
thu a' ci.illachadh?" thuirt mi fein- "Co
ach 'Caraid nan Gaidheal,' ars' esan
"Cha'n eajjal nach cuir," arsa Somhairle
Sgiathanach, "is tha feum air. Cha robh
a' Gliàilig riamh cho mòr air dichuimhne
's a tha 1 aig an am seo." " Is mòr mo
bheachdsa," thuirt Eògban Mòr, "gu'm faic
sinn gu'm bi i fathast air a labhairt, 'sair a
teagasg, anns gach ait. Tha na daoine is
luachmhoire 's an rioghachd a nis ag eiridh
suaa air a taobh, a chum 's gu 'm bi i air a
teagasg 'an oilleamhaid Dhun-eidin, 'an
taighean-sgoile na Gàidhealtachd, 's anns
"na bailtean-mòra."' "Cha d'thig an la sin
am feasd," thuirt Seumas Ban, "ged nach
biodh 'ga dibeart ach na Gàidheil fùin, le 'u
spòrsiilachd. Na dearg amadain! 'siadsan
na mortairean is miosa ta aice. Cha leag
an stràic leò aideachadh gu'n urrainn dhoibh
a bruidhinn, is cinnteach mi nach 'eil a'
bheurla aca ach gle shuarach 'an eisdeachd
nan Gall. Bu choir teannghieim a dhean-
amh air sgòrnan gach aon de 'n t-seorsa seo,
a's p thoirt orra mar thug an t-Arranach air
a' bhalach bheag a shluig an t-se-sgillinn "
"Tha thu geur a nochd, a Sheumais," arsa
Somhairle. "Chi mi gu'm blieil an deise-
ghoirid fein a nis co bitheanta ri f haicinn air
pearsa nan Gall, is a tha i air druim a'
Ghàidheil a bu choir a caitheamh," "Tha
na Gaoill, da rire.idh, air ionia dòigh, a'
toirt leasan dhuinn 'bu choir uàire mhòr a
chur oiinn." "Ciod is ciall do ghnothaich-
ean a bhi mar sin .?" thuiit mi fein- "'S e
is ciall dhoibh," arsa fear-an-taighe, "di-
chuimhne a thàinig air na niaighistirean-
sgoile (iaidhealach, a' Ghàilig ionnsachadh
do chlanna na duthcha, ri a sgriobhadh a's
a leughadh cho math ri Beurla — di-
chuimhne a thàinig air a' chloinn sin a ris,
'fi a' bhaile mbòr, an gnothach a charadh,
le iad fein ionnsachadh innte mar bu choir
dhoibh. — di-chuimhnc air an t-sean fhocal,
'clanna nan Gaidheal ri guaillibh a' cheile.'
'Carson' (lean an duine coir, le 'aodann a'
lasadh a suas) "c'arson nach 'eil iad a'
cruinneachodh gach geamhiadh, aon oidh-
che 'san t-seachduinn, agus iad iein a theag-
asg 'sa' Ghàilig gu ceart. Is iomadh oidh-
che cbridheil, shuundach, a dh-fhaodadh iad
a chur seachad mar seo. Tha iad lionmhov
gu leòir, is cha bhi an costas mòr 'n am
measg." "Air m'onaii-," arsa Eòghan Mòr,
"'stu fein a tha 'tuigsinn a' ghnothuch gu
ceart. Is trie a smaointich mi air a leithid.
Ma sheasas sinne gu dileas r'a cheile, faod-
aidh sinn fathasd coinneachadh mar bhràith-
rean." "Tha thu ceart, Eòghainn, ach
chuala mi seanachas mar seo tuilleadh a's
aon uair a nis; ach co againn a chuireas a'
ui seo air aghart?" arsa Seumas Ban.
"Cha'n 'eil e cho duilich r'a dheanadh a's
a tha thu smuaineachadh, a Sheumais,"
arsa fear-an-taighe. "Tha e soilleir gu'm
bheil a dhi oirnn tuilleadh na bhi a' coinn-
e-ichadh aon uair 's a' bhliadhna. Is eigia
dhuinn gluasad chum na Gàilig ionnsach-
adh 'd'a cheile anns a' cheud ait. Sibhse
tha hiath, laidir, òg, bithibh an greim gun
di'iil; cuiiibh am fraoch r'a theine a' meas
ar luchd-duthcha, a's chi sibh, an nine
ghoirid, gu'm bi aig na daidheil anns gach
baile mòr Taigh-Coinnimh dhoibh fein, le
leabhar-lann Gàidhealach a's gnothaichean
mar sin." " Air mo shon fein," arsa Eògh.m
Mòr, "tha mi deas air sou a leilhid a cbuid-
eachadh air aghart,, uair air bith, ach tha
eagal orm nach gabh ar liichd duthcha ris
mar bu mhiann learn Ciod e tha thu ag
radii, a Shomhairle?" "Tha'mise ag ràdh"
arsa Somhaiile, "ma tha sinn air fad 's an
aon bheachd mu'n chùis, gar coir dhuinn
dol ris gu grad, a's a chuir air aghart air
dùigh a bheir air gach gille Gàidhealach
toil-inntinn a gbabbail ann. 'N d'theid thu
staigh le sin, a (Sheumais Bhain?" "Theid
mise staigh le ni air bith de a leithid; a's
tha mi cinnteach gu'm bheil sinn air fad
's an aon bheachd." "Tha," arsa Fear-an-
taighe; "agus a ris, their mise, biihibh an
greim gu tap.iidh, na bitheadh eagal oirbh
nach tiofldaidh gach ni a mach gu reidh
fàdheòidh."
Ach gu earbull mo sgeòil. Mu'n do
dheallaich sinn, chuir gach aon roimhe
buille a bhualadh air son cànain ar duthcha
mu'n rachadh mòran ùine seachad.
GILLE DUBH.
Grian»'g, 9mh Mlos, 1872.
240
AN GAIDHEAL.
Coud Mios a' Gheamhraidh, 1S72.
LITIR A ONi'AirO.
Fhir mo Chridhe,
Tha'x Gaidheal a' tighiii d'am ionn-
saidh aon uiir 'sa' luhios, gun didl, tarsuing
air a' chiiau mhòr. Fhuair mi an seachd-
amh aireamh, agus tlia mi 'am beaclid gar
h-e is taitniche dhc na chaidh a chlo-bliual-
adh. ged bha iad uile sàr-mhatb.
Ma tba av lucbd-diitbcha d'deas, theid
An Gaidheal air aghnrt o mbios gu mios
gus am faighear e aig a b uilc cagailt
Ghiudbeabnch aun an Canada iocbdracb a's
nacbdracb, 'sanns na heileanaibb coin dcas
a's tuath, 'niar, 'san ear, a' tabhairt sòlais a's
toilinntinn do 'r luckd-diitbcba ann an cul-
chaoilltibb Chanada, a's anns gach coarn-
aidh cile dbe 'n t-saogbal.
Tba 'n Gaidheal a nis air a sbuidbeacb-
adh ann am baile Glilascbu, far am bbeil
miltean dbetb ar bicbddùtbcba. ma-an
diubb urramacb na'n staid, beartacli 'n am
pòca, agus fògbluimicbte anns na h-uilo
gliocas a's innleacbd a tba ri'm f aotainn anus
na làitbibb sco. An do cbaill iad an diitb-
cbas, no an do leag iad air di-cbuimbne
cainnt am màthraicbean no gniombaraibb an
sinnsiroan? Tba fios matb againn nacb'eil
a' cbùis mar sin. Tba fios againn gu'm
blieil iomadb Comunn GiiidheaLacb air a
st'jidbeadh anns a' bbaile, air son cainnt,
eacbdraidb, a's bardacbd an sinnsireau a
cbumail air cbuimbne. Nacb faod sinn a
rt-isd 'bbi cinntcacb gu'n cuir iad f àilt air
A' Ghaidheal.
Ma tba fear-dulbcha an Gbiscbu a tba air
a tbacbdadb le cainnt an t-Sasunnaicb a's
aig nacb 'eil speis don cbanain a db-iunn-
saicb e o 'mbatbair, crocbamaid c aig crois
a' bliaile, m;ir cisciniplear do na b-uile
bakocb eile, cadar Maoil Cbinntirc agus
taigb Iain Gbròt.
'S e mo rim, anns an btir gbearr seo, cuir-
eadb a tbabbairt do mo lucbd-dutbcba aig
an taigb a tbigbinn gun dàil do Cbanada,
far am bbcil pailtcas de db-fbearann, cos-
nadb aig na b-uile li-àm, a's tuarasdail sùr-
mbatb, ri'm faigliinn. Na'mbiodb fios aig
ar lucbd-dutbcba aig an taigli an deifir a tba
eadar tuatbanaicb ann an sibrramacbdan
Inbhirnis, Ilois, a's Earra-Ghàidbeil agus
an càirdean ann an Canada, cba bbitbcadb
gillc òg, no niglican òg, no teagbbicb òg,
nacb imricbcodli air ball do'n dutbaich sco.
Tba b-uile tuatbanacb ann an seo 'n a f hear-
baile. Cba'n 'eil màl ri pbàigbcadb, oir a's
Icis foin am fcarann a tba e ag ùitcacbadb
Tba aige pailteas de cl.rodli, dc cbaoraicb,
do dbeicb, 's ua b-uile ni eile a tba feumail
dha. 'N uair a tba e 'dol bbo 'n taigb cba
cboisicb e; acb sann a tba e 'dol air muinn
eicb, no ann an carbad le da eacb. Tba
'bbean cho riombacb ris a' Bban-rigb le
siod I 's sròl bbo 'bona gu 'ceann. Tba 'n
tcaghlacb og a' faotaian fogblum ro mbath
's n I sgoilean. B' fliearr Icam a bbi 'nam
uacbdaran air leth cbeud acair fbearalnn
's an duthaicb seo, na 'bbi "pàigbcadb tri
cbeud punnd de mbal aig an taigb. Mar
eil creideas aig an tuatbanacb anns an*
Taigb-Mbalairt, aig an taigb, 'an ceann na
bliadbna ''tbeid an ceòl feadb na fidble"—
no aun an cainnt eile, cba 'n urraiun c am
m \1 a pb;'iigbeadb, 's fcumaidb e falbb ui's
bocbda na tbàinig e.
Ann an dòcbas gu'n soirbbicb "An Gaidh-
eal," a reir do tboilltineis. is mi, le mor
urram, do cbaraid,
Iain Mac Fhionnlaidi:.
Elora, Ontario, >
Dara Mios an Fho^harai Ih, 1S72. >"
C 0 S A 31 II L A C n D A X.
I.
AJI MADADH-ALLAIDH AG0S AN T-UAN.
Air latha brutbainneacb, tetb, tbuit do
mbadadb-allaidh agus do nan tigbiun aig
an aon am a cbasgadb am patbaidb a
srutban soilleir, glau a bba a' ruitb gu bras
a nuag aodann beinue. Sheas am madadb-
allaidb air àite ard, agus an t-uan astar
matb uaitb, sliios an srutb. Acb air do'n
mbadadb-allaidb toil a bbi aige cur a macli
air an uan, db' fheoraicb e dbetb, de bu
cbiall da 'bbi 'cur an uisge troimb-cbeile
agus 'ga fbagail cbo salacb nacb b' urrainn
dàsan 'ol; agus aig a' cbcart am a' tagradh
diolaidh. Bha an t-nan bochd air chrith
le eagal 'n uair a cbual e bagraidhcan a'
mbadaidb-allaidh agus tbubhairt e ris, am
briathraibb cbo ciuin 's a b' urrainn da,
nacb robb c comasacb dhàsan a bbrcath-
nacbadb ciamar a gbabbadb sin a bbitb ; a
cbionn, an t-uisge a db' ol c gur ann a ruitb
c nuas g'a ionnsuidb o'n mbadadb-allaidh,
agus uime sin nacb b' urainn gun robb c air
a chur troimb-cbeile cbo fada suas an srutb.
" Bithcadb sin mar a tboilicbeas e" arsa m'
madadh-allaidb, "cba 'n 'eil annad acb an
sloigbtire, agus chaidb innseadb dhomh
gun robb thu 'g am cbnl-chaineadh o cbcann
mu tbuaiream Ictb-bbliadbna." " Air m'
fbocal," ars' an t-uan. " bba an t-àm a db'
ainmicb thu m'an do rugadb misc." An
Ceud Mios a' Gheamhraidh, :
AN GAIDHEAL.
241
uair a chunnaig am madadh-allaidh nacli ' agus chuir iad a suas atli-chuinge a db'ionn-
robh feum dlia cathachadb n' a b' f liaide I saidh lupiter air son gu 'n d' thngadh e
an aghaidli na fiiinn, chaidh e ann an cor- ; dhoibh righ a dli' amhairceadh as deio-h am
ruich f buathasach a' donnalaicli agais cobhar beusan agns a bheireadh orra a blii bea':^an
m' a bbeul mar gu 'm bitbeadh e air a' I n'ab'onaraicbe 'nan cleacbdainnibh. Thnit
chutbach, " A gbarraicb," ars' esan, agus j do lupiter gu'n robb saod meadbonach
" ' ' math air's an am; gbair e gu cri^dbeil air
iarrtus cbo neonacb asus tbuirt e, 's e til-
"mar
e 'tigbinn n' a bu dluithe air an uan
tu fein 's e t-athair a bb' ann, agus is e an
aon cbuid e." Le sin rug e air a' cbreutair
lag, neo-cbiontach, bbocbd agus sblaod e as
a cheile na leopan e.
An Comhchur.
Tba an ni a tha air a cbombarracbadh a
mach anns a' cbosamblacbd so cbo soilleir
's nacb ruigte leas a bbi meudacbadh fbocal
uime
geil cabar fiodba anns an uisge, " So dbuibh,
sin agaibb Eigb 1 " Chuir an cabar a leithid
de luasgan 's an uisge 's gu'n do ghabb na
losgannan eagal cbo mòr gu'n robh geilfc
orra tigbinn g'a choir. Acb an ceann beag-
an iiine, an uair a chunnaig iad e 'na laidhc
gun char, ghabb iad de mhisneacb dliith-
,-.-,,.,, , , ( achadh air a lion beag as beag gus m' a
_ An uair a tba dmne droch-nadurach, dbeireadh an do leum iad a suas aif, agus a'
an-iocbdmhor, todeach aon as isle na e fem, | foicinn nacb robh ciiram doibb, ghAathaich
iad an cabar le di-meas mar a tbogair iad.
aon cbuid ann an cumhacbd no ann an
cruadal, a mhi-bhuileacbadb gar an d' thug
e dba an t-aobhar a bu lugba air a shon,
nacb math a db-fhaodar a choimeas ris a'
mhadadh-alkidh aig an robb a nadur cho
gionach, sbanntach "s nacb b' urrainn e cur
suas le bbi 'faicinn neo-cbiont a' tigbinn
beò ann am fois "na choimbearsnachd. A
dh-aon fbocal c'ait air bith am bheil drocb
dhaoine ann an cumhachd tba neo-chiont
agus treibhdhireas cinnteach a bbi air an
geur-leanmbuinn. Liar is miosa 'n sluagh
's ann is mo a tha aca de gbnùis air son an
reacbdan aingidb. Tba e ealadh gu leoir
ambaras a thoirt air duine e 'bbi a' gnath-
achadh ouarachd ann an di-och tbimcan;
ach na 'm bitbeadh de dbanadas aig neach
air bitb onaracbd a mholadh 's dòclia gur
ann a racbadh gacb cionta agus drocb-
bbeairt a chur as a leth ; oir, seasamb a
suas airson ceartcds ann an rioghacbd a tba
air claonadh iiaipe is ionann e agus a bbi a'
tabhairt achambsain do 'n lucbd riaglilaidb,
agus is bitbeanta leis gur ann a bbeir e
'"nuas diogbaltas air ceann an fhir a dh'
t'beuchas ris. Far am bheil aniochd, gamh-
las agus cumhachd laimh an laimh cha 'n
'eil ni is usadh dhoibh no leth-sgeul fhaot-
ainn air son ain-tigbcarnas a dbeanamb os
ceann neocbiontachd, agus gacb uile ghne
eucoir a chur an gniomh.
" Theid neart ihar ceart."
II.
Na Losgannax ag iarraidh Eigh.
Ghairm na losgannan — agus iad a' caith-
eadh am beatha ann an sltb agus saorsa air
Cha robh iad idir toilichte le righ cho marbh-
anta, agus chuir iad air falbh an teacbdair-
ean a rithisd a db' iarraidh air lupiter fear
air chor eigin eile 'thoirt doibh; oir am fear
so 'cha d' thug iad urram da 's cha mho
'b' urrainn doibh meas a chur air. An uair
a chuala lupiter so, chuir e corra-ghriodh-
ach g' an ionnsaidh, a tbòisich gu neo-iocbd-
mbor air am marbhadb 'sair an itbeadh aon
an deigh aon cbo bras 'sa b' urrainn di.
Chuir iad an sin an guidbe gii h-u.aigneach
gu Mercurius a's f huair iad gu'n deachaidh
e a bhruithinn ri Iiqnter as an leth, gu "m
bitbeadh e cho matli a's righ eile 'bbuileach-
adh orra, air neo an aiseag air an ais a
db' ionnsuidh na staid anns an robh iad o
thoiseacb. "Ni-h-eadh," ars' esan, "oir is
e an rogbain fein a bh'ann; bitbeadh na
biastan neo-tboilicbte a' fulang a' pbeanais
a tba an gòraich a' toilltinn."
An Comhdnir.
Tha Phedrus ag iunseadh an am anns an
do labhair Esop an cosamblachd so. An
uair a bha co-fhlaitbeacbd na h-Aithne a'
soirbbeacbadh fo laghannaibb math agus
fallain air an dealbh leotha fein, chuir uad
a' leithid de earbsa ann an seasgaireachd an
cor 's gu'n do leig iad le'n saorsa dol gu ana-
measaracbd. Air do iorghuillean briseadh
a mach 'n am measg ghabb Fisistratus an
cothrom; ghlac e an àitean daighnich,
agus riun e e-fèin n a uachdaran orra fein
agus air an sochairean. An uair a mhoth-
aich muinntir na h-Aithne gu 'n robb iad
ann an staid thràillidh ged a thacbair do
Phisistratus a bbi "na uachdaran gle iochd-
feadh nam boglach 's nan locban— coinn- I mhor cha chuireadb iad air chor sam bith a
eamh chabhagach, aimhreiteach aon latha, j suas leis; uime sin, an uair nacb robb dòigb
242
AN GAIDHEAL.
Ceud Mios a' Gheamhraidh, 1872»
leasacliaidh air a' chilis, rinn Esop leis a'
chosamhlachd so an comhairlcachadli gii
bhi foighidnoacla, agus thuirt e riu mu
dheireaJh, ''SIo luclid dùthcha ionmhaian,
bithibh toiliclitc le 'ur cranncliur, dona 's
mar tha e, gun fhios nach ann a dheanadh
atharrachadh gnothaichean na's miosa."
"Mar a chaireas duine a Icabaidh, 's ann a
laidheas e."
Ead. le Mac-Mharcuis.
NAIDHEACHDAN.
Cha n 'eil naidheachdan cudthromacli
sam bith agiinn ri 'n innseadh air a' mhios
seo. Ach faodaidh sina gearr-chunntas a
thoirt air beagan de ghnothachaibh na
duthcha.
Thainig Mac Thighearna Ghrannda gu
'aois air a' mhios a chaidh seachid; 's ma
thainig, cha-n ann gun fhuaim a chaidh ;in
latha leigeil seacTiad. Bha Baile nan-
Granndach air a sgeadachadh leis gach ni
a's àillte 'surrainn sinn ainmcachadh ; agus
am measg na'n sgriobhaidhean cha robh a'
Ghailig air dhi-chuimhn', oir an àitean de'n
bhaile bha na briathran seo: "Saoghal fada
's deadh bheatha do 'n mhorfhear òg,"
"Fàilte air an oighre," agus an còrr. — lih i
miiinntir Ghlinn-Urchaduinn cruinn aig an
am cheudna. 'Sgann gun robh beinn. cnoc,
no tulach 's a' ghleann gun tein' aighir 'n a
chaoir-lasidr air am mullach. Gu h-ùr-labh-
rach, snasmhor, deas-bhriatlu-ach, sheas
Uilleam òg Mac-Aoidh, 's a,' Bhlar-bheag
(Runaire Comunn GaiHg Inbhirnis) a dh' 61
deoch-slàinte an oighre òig. Labhair Mac-
Aoidh 'sa' Ghiilig, a's bha 'uirgheall na bu
f hreagarraichc 's na bu mhaisiche na mùran
de'n spleadhachas fhada gun blirigh, a tha
ro chimianta aig coinnimhean dc'a t-seòrsa
seo,
Thainig oighre ug Gàidhealach eile gu
'aois air a' mhios a chaidh seachad —
Eosach Chromba. Mar a's cleachdach aig
amaibh de'n t-seursa seo, bha na h-àrd
uaislean mu 'n cuairt cruinn, aig deadh
dhiothad. Bha mòran ri chantuinn, ach cho
fad 's a's fiosrach sinnc, cha robh idir a'
leithid de choltas Gàidhe .lach air ni sam
bith mu'n cuairt do'n chuis, 'sq, bh' air
coinnimh Thighearna Glirannda, 's a chuid
iochdarain Ann an deadli uiriglieall beurla,
dh-iarr Fcar-Ghàthan deocli-sL'iiLae an oighre
òig Ò1 — ni a chaidh a dheanamh le niòr
aoibhneas. Anns na làithihh a dli-aom,
cha bhiodh coinneamh de'n t-seorsa seo, aig
nach biodh am bard a' seinn subhailcean
nan òg agus a' luaidh air euchdan nan
triath a dh' f halbh, ach an diugh tha 'cheòl-
raidh 'n a suainn, a' chlarsach air gheugaibh
seilich, agus meilich, nan u in na's binne an
cUiasaibh an uachdarain na uile oiifeid nam
filidh.
Tha sinn a' cluinntinn gu'm bheileas gii
rathad i iruinn a dheanamh tro Eilean-dubh
na Tòisidheachd. Choinnich mu"u cuairt
do dhà fhichead de dh-uachdarain a's uaisl-
ean eile na duthcha, anns a' Chauonaich
deireadh na miosa 'chaidh seachad, gu an
comliairle chur cuideachd, agus beachdan a
cheile 'fhaotiinn mu'n chuis. Bha fear
iMac-an-Leisdeir 's a' chathair, a hibhair gu
pongail, agus a dh-iarr comhnadh o gach
uachdaran mu'n cuairt. Gu sgeula goirid
a dheanamh, mu"n do sgaoil a' chuideachd,
chaidh dlu air ficheid mile punnd tìasunn-
ach a chruinneachadh (no gu h-àraid a
ghealltainn).
Tha'n aimsir am bitheantas flinch anns
gach cearna. Tha 'm b\rr a nise air a
thional gu tcai-uinte ge>rl 1)U mh^r an eagal
a bh' air cuid nach rachadh a thional air a'
bhliadhna seo le fliuichead nah-airasir, Cha
d' f huaireas a' mhòine air a cruachadh
fhathast ann am mòran àitean de'n Ghàidh-
ealtachd; agus tha a mheud 'saig am bheil
an comas gu dripeil a' togail giuthais, 'g a
spealgadh,'g a thoirt dachaidh, agus a luchd-
achadh nm spàrdan leis.
Bha cuid, aon uair, ann am mòr chreideas
's a' bheachd f haoin, nach biodh duine anns
na h-uile seidh'na Ghàidhcal, mar gabhadh
e 'n daorach cho trie 's a ght^obliadh e mac-
na-bracha. Faodaidh ar luchd-lcughaidh a
thuigsinn gu'm bheil a' bheachd seo a' call
greim 's a' Ghàidhealtachd 'n uair a dh-inn-
seas sinn gu'n d' thug Mac-Mhurchaidh,
M ica'-Linnein agus Elliot àrd righladh nan
" S<ior Theampalach^' (ann am Breitinn
's an Eirinn) do phriomh bhaile na Gàidh-
ealtachd.
FllEAGAllirF-AN.
Fhuair sinn an litir thaitneach agus na
s:ifriobliaidheaii eile a chuir Iain Mi)ireaston
tbugaiim. Cuiriilh siiiii 's A' (ìiiAiDHEALÌad
a lion ciiid a's cuid. fllar a bha e 'g- larraidh,
clò bhuailidli sinn bho iim gu ò,m sgriobh-
aidhean iis an Tkachdaire (ìhaiuhealach,
'.Slls a' CllUAIRTEAR.
Tlia mòran litrichean againn gun am
fhreaKairl air a' inhios seo.
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT.
NOVEMBER, 1872.
GAELIC PHILOLOGY.
NOTES BY THE REV. AI.EX. CAMERON.
In llie Ptiidy of Gaelic pliilology
we must carefully guard against the
danger of concluding that all words
which reaomb'o each other in form
and meaning are cognates, for words
derived fiom emirely different roots
may closely resemble each other in
both these respects. Chunnairc and
chwmaic, for example, are nearly
identical in form and have the same
signification, but (hey are derived from
different roots. Chunnairc, which fre-
quently occurs in some of the older
editions of the metrical psalms (see Ed.
1753, Pss. xxxvii. 35 ; cxix. 96, 158),
is composeil of tiie prefix con (:= co,com,
= Latin co)i) and dearc (dare), while
chunnaic is coinposed of the same prefix
and faic (O'Donovan's Gram, p 223).
These words illustrate also the im-
portance of a knowledge of the ancient
forms of Gaelic words to enable us to
determine their true etymology, and the
words in otlier languages to which they
have a r^-al affinity. Chunnnirc was in
ancient Gaelic cnndairc (compare adcon-
dairc = ad con-dairc in Turin Glosses),
which olearl}' points to the root dare
(Sanskrit d'c) and to the Greek cognate
derkomui {V)\ Nigra's Turin Glosses, p.
39, and O'Donovan's Gram. p. 223).
Chunnaic was formerly written chonnaic
(= con-fo-ic), which seems to point to
a root ic cognate with oc in the Latin
oculus (Ebrard's Handbuch der Mitt.
Gal. Sp.).
It would be easy to give illustra-
tions without number of fanciful etymo-
logies, based upon mere resemblance
between words in sound without any
regard to either their ancient forms or
the laws of letter-change between Gaelic
and its cognate languages, but the iol-
lowing will suffice at present : —
Flail /teanas{heax en). — Fki(h-iniiis(}s\e
of nobles or heroes) is given in the dic-
tionaries as the etymology of this word.
But the old form fiathemnas (glory)
shows that it has no connection what-
ever, etymologically, with the " island
of the brave or noble, which was sup-
posed to lie far distant in the Western
Ocean," and which, we are told, formed
the imaginary heaven of the ancient
Gael, but that it is a mere derivative
from flaithem (lord) as hreitheanas, an-
ciently bretJiemnas ( Saint Patrick's
Hymn), is a derivative from breitheamh,
anciently brithem.
Ifrinn (hell).— This word hasbeen some-
times derived from \ bhrbin (the island
of sorrow). In Armstrong's Dictionary
and in Logan's Introduction to Macken-
zie's Beauties of Gaelic Poetry, it is
explained as i-fuar-fliviiw^ " the isle of
the cold land or clime," and in support
of tiiis etymology we are told that the
" Celtic hell was a cold dark region,
abounding in numerous reptiles and wild
beasts, especially wolves." The author of
the History of the Early Scottish Church
derives this word (p. 176j Irom averiiiis.
But the laws of letter-change between
Latin and Gaelic show that these ety-
mologies are mere fancies, and that
ifrinn (anciently ifurnn, gen. ifii'nn) is a
mere loan-word from infernum, n dis-
appearing beforey by rule (Zeuss' Gram.
Celt. 2nd Ed. p. 42).
244
THE GAEL.
Nov., 1872.
Oirdheirc (excellent). — This word is
derived in the Highland Society's Dic-
tionary from or and dearc ; but the old
forms airdirc, irdircc, erdirc, show that
the first syllable is not br (gold), but the
preposition air, which in composition
appears also as er and ir (Zeuss' G. C.
pp. 5, 8G8).
Inhlnr (confluence). — "NYe have seen
various etymological explanations of
this word, but none which we could
regard as satisHictory. The old form
was Inber (^Stokes' Ir. Glosses, p. 74),
which we regard as containing the
prefix in and the root her, which latter
corresponds, as Avill be afterwards
noticed, to the Gi-eek pher-0 and the
Latin fer-o. Inbhir is, therefore, cog-
nate with iiiferre, one of tiie meanings
of which is " to flow in or into."
Tighearna (lord). — Of this word we
have seen several fanciful etymological
explanations, of which by Air the most
plausible is that which is given in the
Highland Society's Dictionary, and
which connects it with the Gr. turannos.
But the old name Vorticjern, glossed by
architeetor, shows that g, which dis-
appears by aspiration from the modern
pronunciation, is an organic letter, and
points unmistakably to the Lai. tego,
Ger. dach, and Gael, teach, tigh, as
cognates (Stokes' Ir. Glosses, p. 104).
Closely connected with the evil now
referred to, is another against which
the student of Gaelic philology must
carefully guard. "We mean the ten-
dency to draw sweeping inferences from
instances of affinity, which are either
too few or too doubtful to support
general conclusions. Of this crude
mode of philologising, the following
examples of affinity by which, wc
observed .some time ago, a lecturer on
Gaelic philology sought to illustrate a
general statement which he made to
the cflTect that four-fiflhs of the Latin
primitives may be traced to roots which
are also common to the Celtic, may be
taken as a fair specimen: — Aro and
àr, nrco and tart, aridus and lioram,
aries and reithe, arista and dias, diasi,
arma and àrtn.
Ar and aro contain the same root àr,
and are, therefore, closely related ; but
tart and tioram are related, not to areo
and aridus, but to torreo and its cog-
nates, Gr. tersomai, Ger. durst, Eng.
thirst, Sanskrit la7-sh.
If the resemblance between arics,
arietis, and rciihe be sufficient to justify
the inference that these words aro cog-
nates, then must we likewise conclude
that ahies, abielis, and heithe are cog-
nates. But, unfortunately, ahies is not
the birch-tree {beithe), but the fir-tree
{giutìias').
The lecturer seemed to feel that the
resemblance between arista and dias is
not such as to lead at once to the con-
clusion that these words are etymologi-
cally related, for he placed alongside of
dias the form dia&t, which is used in
some parts of the Highlands. But the
t of diast is not organic, as may be
seen by comparing dorus and dorust,
solus and solust, ris and ì'ìst, dithis and
dithist, milis and milist, reubal (rebel)
and reubalt. Besides, dias, not diast, is
the form which we find in ancient
Gaelic (Zeuss' G. C, p. G23).
Arm is probably a loan-word, iden-
tical with the Latin arma (Ebel'a
Celtic Studies by Sullivan, p. 69).
These examples of false etymology
show that, in order to pursue the study
of Gaelic philology intelligently, we
must know : —
1. The oldest existing forms of
Gaelic words.
2. The laws of Gaelic derivation
and composition, that we may be able
to determine with some degree of cer-
tainty the constituent elements, and,
consequently, the roots of the words
of which the language is formed.
o. The laws of letter -change be-
tween Gaelic and its cognate languages.
What we have now stated will be
further illustrated by the following
THE GAEL
245
examples of genuine affinity traced
between words, some of which have
little or no resemblance to each other: —
1. Foirfeach (Presbyter, Presbyterian
elder) and Gr. phoneus (murderer).
These words have no resemblance
to each other either in form or in
meaning, but they are, nevertheless,
closely related. Foirfeach (literally, a
perfect man) is derived from foirfe
(perfect). But the ancient form of
foirfe wasfoirhthe, which is compounded ,
of the preposition for, hi from the root
he (to cut), and the participial termina-
tion the. (Di Nigra's Turin Glosses,
p. 39). The root be, also ben, is cog-
nate with the Gr. root j^hen, from which
are derived the Gr. aor. epephnon from
the obsolete phenu (to slay), phonos
(murder), and p)honeus (murderer).
Greek ph corresponds to Gaelic b.
Compare pherO and heir, phallos and ball,
phullon and bile.
From the root he, hen or ban, come
hana (death, O'Reilly's Diet.), has
(death, Zeuss' G. C., p. 787), tobe (cut-
ting oS ;=dofo-be, Zeuss' G. C.. p.
883), imdibe (circumcision •,-=im-cli-he).
The corresponding Sanskrit root is
van (Bopp's Sanskrit Glossary, p. 342).
2. Gàir, glare, gair or goir, toghairm,
freagair, agair, foghur, cagar, iairngire,
fogair, Welsh gair, Gr. gèruO, Lat. garrio.
These words are from the root gar,
which is common to Gaelic with the
other congnate languages. Compare
Sanskrit gar (to soundj.
The relationship between gair {sXioni),
gàire (laughter), gair or goir (call),
gairm (calling), and Gr. gèriio and
Lat. garrio, is obvious. AVe may,
however, notice that gair and gairm
have the same relationship to each
other as the verb gniu (facio), from the
root gen^ and gnim, gniomh. (Zeuss' G.
C, p. 770).
Agradh (anciently acre-=adgre^ =:ad-
gaire, Avhere ad stands for ath cr aith, a
common prefix (Zeuss' G. C. pp. 8G9,
875). Freagradh (anciently frecre)-=z
frithgaire (Zeuss' G. C. p. 875, and Di
Nigra's T. G. p. 46). Tagradh (ancient-
ly tacre, tacrae in the Turin Glosses)
=do-ad-gaire, where ta is formed out of
the two prefixes do and ad (Di Nigra's
T. G. p. 46). Tairngire (promise)=
do-air-con-gaire, tairn containing the
three prefixes do, air, and con. Fogradh
(admonition) anciently focre =fo-od-
gaire. Irfocre and airocre-=.air-fo-od-
gaire. Foghur:=fo-gaire. Irgaire (pro-
hibition)=a/?- gaire. Toghairm (invo-
tiii\on)=ido-fo-gair-m. Diucaire (ex-
clamation; in Turin Glosses diucrae)-=:i
do-od-gaire, Cogar or cagar (whisper)
=con-5rar (Stokes' Ir. Glosses, p. 157).
I have met with several other deri-
vatives from this root, as frisgair (to
contradict), forgair and fuvcongaire (to
command), which show the power
Oaelic possesses of forming words by
composition, and also the copiousness
of ancient, as compared with modern
Gaelic.
3. Fiamiis and ivitncss.
The old forms fiadhnaise, fiadnisse,
show at once the affinity of these words.
Fiadnisse is from the root fid, from which
come also fios (anciently fis), if, indeed,
it be not a loan-word from vfsio, fidir,
cuius {consc\encc)=confus=sconfis or
con-fats (Zeuss' G. C. pp. 787, ,872),
cocubns (consc\erice)=:con-con-fus. Com-
pare tlie modern word coguis.
With the root fd are cognate the
Sanskrit vid, Gr. id (preceded by the
digamma) from which come cidon and
oida, Lat. vid (video), Ger. tvisscn, A. S.
ivitt, Eng. wit.
4. Beo (living) and qiticJc.
These words have not one letter in
common, but they are, nevertheless,
etymologically related, as shown by the
following comparison : —
Bcò{ìn old Gaelic bin), Gr. bios (bi[F\os,
with digamma), Latin vivus, Sanskrit
gii'a, Goth, qvius (th. qviva), A. S. civic,
Eng. quicJc. (^Compare Zeuss' G. C. p.
37; Bopp's Glos. p. 154; Curtius' Gr.
Etyra. p. 418).
24G
THE GAEL.
Nov., 187?.
5. Bean and queen.
The Boeotian form lana shows that
bean (in old Giielic ben) is cognate with
the Greek gunc, with which may be
compared the Sanskrit ^a?i/, Golh. gvejis,
A.S. civen, Eng. queen. (Compare Zeuss'
G. C, p. 37, and Bopps' Glos., p. 147).
6. BÒ and cow.
BÒ, Lat., bos, bovis and Gr. ious are
manifestly cognates. But the last two
examples have shown us thsit b in
Gaelic corresponds to g in Sanskrit
and to c in Anglo-Saxon. We can,
therefore, compare ho and bos with the
Sanskrit ga, gaus, Ger., kuh, A.S., cu,
and Eng., cow.
7. Qtn,gineal, gniomh, còtnhnadhfògh-
namh, fògknadh, cinne, cinneach ; Gr.
gignomai, egenomea ; Lat. gigtio, genus,
gnatus; A.S., cijn, cynd ; Eng. kin,
hind, kindred.
These words, which, with their deriv-
atives and cognates, form an extensive
family of words, are all derived from
the root gen, cen, which corre,^ponds to
tlie Sanskrit (/a??, (Bopp's Glos., p. 146).
The root gen occurs in genim, an older
form of ginim, (I beget). Compare
genair in Fraoch's Hymn, and the
Greek egenomèn. From gen come the
verb gniu (I do,) gnhmh (anciently
gm>n=:gni-m, thing done,) conihnadh,
(anciently co-gnamz=iCon-yniin, assist-
ance, lit. CO- act), fbghnamh (anciently
fognamz=fo-gniin, service), jbghnadh
(sufficiency), which, if not identical with
fbgnamh, is from/b, gnini, and the ter-
mination ad, now adh.
Although gincal has a close resem-
blance to the root gin, it is not derived
from it immediately, but from the other
form cen, as shown by its ancient form
cenel, of which there must have been
a still older form cenethl, as may be
seen by comparing it with the AVelsh
cenedl, anciently ceneil.
The afTinity between gen and the Gr.
gignomai, from the obsolete geno (com-
pare egenomcn), and the Lat. gigno is
obvious, and the form of the root, cen,
explains cinne, cinneach. with which
A. S. ci/n, ci/nd, and Eng. kin, kindy
kindred, are cognate.
(T-jbe Continued.)
THE RIVER NAMES OP ENG-
LAND AND SU()TL\ND, AND
WHAT THEY PROVE.
It is allowed by all who have studied
place names, that those of rivers and
mountains ai-e the most ancient in aU
countries, and must have been given by
the first inhabitants. Now, when we
find that in England there are a very-
great number of rivers which have pre-
cisely the same names as those in Scot-
land, it is certain they must, in every
instance, have been given by a race of
people speaking the same language.
The origin of tJie Scotch river names
is derived from the Gaelic language ;
there are none composed of Welsh
words, and this fact is acknowledged by a
Welsh writer, Mr F. Ei I wards, who says,
in his very recent work on " Names of
Places," page 12: "The Sjottish rivers
and mountains must have received their
names long before the Cyrary arrived."
This is a truthful fact, and proves that
not a river or mountain in Scotland was
named by the Welsh people. The ety-
mology of the rivers of Scotland being
from the Gaelic, the writer I lereof pro-
ceeds to give the names of those of Eng-
land identical with tliem, and their
derivations.
In Scotland there are seven rivers
named "Avon;" in En, laud there are
four rivers named ■' \ von ;" in Scot-
land (iu Dumfriesshire) there is a river
" Evan;" in England (iu Kent) there is
also an "Evan;" all these come from
the Gaelic woi'd Abhuin/i, and means
"a river;" this name itself is formed
from Abh, old Gacjlic for " water," and
lime, "a channel." — Abhuirm is often
contracted into Aune, Auin, and An;
we find it so in the " Anne" of Devon-
shire. In England there are three
Nov., 1872.
THE GAEL.
247
rivers called " Esk," one in Yorkshire,
and two in Cumberland; in Scotland
there are seven rivers called " Esk," and
are derived from the Gaelic word Uisg, or
Uisge, meaning " water." The " Eskle"
of Hereford is evidently from the same
■word ; so also are the three English
livers named " The Ouse."
In England (in Yorkshii-e) there is
a river called the " Leven ;" in five dif-
ferent counties of Scotland rivers named
" Leven," occur, and derive theii* names
from the Gaelic words Liath-abhuinn,
pronounced as if written " Leea-aven,"
and now contracted in English to " Le-
ven." The signification of the Gaelic
words is the " grey or misty river." In
Lancashii'e there is a river called the
" Douglas," which is identical with the
Scotch rivei'S called " Douglas," of
which there are no less than seven so
named. One of them is in Argyleshire,
where no Welsh race ever dwelt, and
could not have named it. They are all
derived from the words Du-glas, or in
full Gaelic orthography, Dubh-gJdas,
meaning " dark gray." In Glenfender,
Perthshire, there is a stream named
AlUan Duhhghlas, which confirms the
etymology of all the " Douglas " rivers
being as above stated. The people of
Glenfender speak Gaelic, and know no-
thing of Mr Edmunds' Welsh word las,
" a stream," but will understand Duhh-
ghlas to mean " dark gray."
In Yorkshire there is a large river
called the " Don," which is identical
in name with the " Don " of Aberdeen-
shii-e, and another in Elgin, Scotland.
Some good Gaelic scholars make its de-
rivation to be from Domhain (pro-
nounced " Doan"), which means " The
deep river j" but Dr Armstrong, in his
Gaelic Dictionary, says it is an old word
for "water." The "Dun" in York-
shire is the same name as the river
" Doun '' of Ayrshii-e, Scotland, and
which last was in old charters written
" Dun." Its etymology is from the
Gaelic Du-an, meaning " The dark
river." There is in Yorkshire a river
named the " Calder ;" there are many of
the same name in Scotland, in La-
nai-kshire there being no less than
three. The derivation is from the
Gaelic Coille - dur, meaning, " the
wooded water or stream." "Dur" is
well known to be an old Gaelic word
for " water." In the county of Suffolk
there is a river called the " Ore;" there
are two livers of the same name in
Scotland, one in Eifeshire and one in
Kirkcudbrightshh-e; the derivation is
from the Gaelic Oir, which signifies the
river which runs at " The edge or mar-
gin." The river in Aberdeenshire called
the " Urie," was formerly written
" Ure ;" and there is in Yorkshh-e a
river " Ure," and also comes from Oir.
The old spelling of the river " Ayr," in
Ayrshire, was " Aii'e," and we find a
river of that same name in England (in
Yorkshii-e), and on which Leeds is
situated. The etymology is from the
now obsolete term in Gaelic for water
represented by the single letter "A,"
which is pronounced broad like the
English word " awe," and occurs in the
River "Awe," in Argyleshire; the other
Gaelic word is reidh, pronounced " ray,"
the two together mean " The Smooth
water."
The river Tyne in Scotland, and the
Tyne of England, must have the same
etymology; and, as the Welsh race did
not give the name to the former, so
neither could they to the latter, and
with regard to the Angles naming the
Scotch Tyne, that must be held as an
unreasonable surmise, because they did
not enter the country till the middle of
the sixth century; but the Romans, in
the Urst century found that part of
Scotland held and fully peoj)led by the
Caledonian Gael, and it was this
primitive and valiant race who gave
all the Gaelic topography of Scotland.
This river name appears to be from the
Gaelic words Teth-an, pronounced, as if
spelled, "Tayan," and meaning "The
248
THE GAEL.
■warm river." The rivers " Tcan " and
"Teign," of Devonshire, are probably
of the same derivation. There is an
" Aide," in Suffolk, which is certainly
identical with the " Aldie," streams of
Scotland, derived from the Gaelic words
Allt-dn, or "The dark stream." It is
ridicnlous to say the name of these
streams (there are four in Scotland) was
given by the English race from tlie
Alder tree. The Gael must have given
the names centuries before any English-
men entered the country.
The " Allt " of Lancashii-e is iden-
tical with the " AUts " of Scotland, and
of which there are many hundreds. INIr
Edmunds makes an astonishing mistake
as to this name in his last Avork (p.
14), where he derives it from the Welsh
word Allt, meaning, he says, "a steep
place, or mountain district " — which is
impossible, because the " Allt," of Lan-
cashire, is a stream.
There is a brook in the county of
Kent called the " Eden," and in Cum-
berland there is a river called the
" Eden," on which is Carlisle. There
are four different rivers of the same
name in Scotland ; their ancient spell-
ing is " Edan," which is nearer to the
Gaelic word whence this river name is
derived — namely, from "Eudan," mean-
ing "The front river," probably from
being conspicuous ; the Gaelic word also
means "the face," which would be ap-
plicable to a river that ran along the
edge or slope of a ridge. At p. 15,
Mr Edmunds says this river name
(Eden) " must be conceded as Gaelic."
This admission is important, coming
from an advocate contending for the
Welsh race being the first inhabitants
of Britain ; but Avhich is impossible,
when we find proofs of the Gael naming
rivers from Kent to Cumbei-land, botli
included, and that tlie very same river
names are also spread over all Scotland,
demonstrating that it was a Gaelic-
speaking race who gave these names in
both countries. That it is altogether
erroneous in Mr Edmunds, or any other
person, to say that the "Douglas" and
" Esk " river names come from the
Welsh language, is proved by the im-
portant fact that they occur in Ireland,
where the Welsh race never gave any
names. Thus, Mr Joyce, in his work on
Irish Topography, 1st edition, p. 411,
says — " Douglas is very common both as
a river and a townland designation all
over the cou.ntry ;" and however eager
Welsh writers may be to attempt to
give their derivations to the Scotch and
English rivers callejl "Douglas," we
learn from this same Irish river name
that they must be wrong. Esk is also
found as a name in Ireland, and Mr
Joyce (page 408) brings it also from the
same coi'responding word of tlie Irish
Gael, namely, iiisce, " water." Th«
name " Eden " is also found in Ireland,
derived, as mentioned above, and by
this -wiiter, from " Eudan." (See page
464.)
There are, besides, such a number of
rivers identical in England with those
of Scotland which must have been given
by a people speaking the language of
the Gael. There are also a great many
others derived from it, and as it was
not the Welsh race who named the
Scotch rivers (which is admitted by Mr
Edmunds), so the similar names in
England must have been given in like
manner by the Gael long before the
Welsh race arrived.
James A. Eobertson.
RETIREMENT of MR. MURDOCH.
It is witli deep regret we announce
tliat Mr. Murdoch, the spirited writer
who has done so macli to vindicate the
Celtic character, is now retiring from
his public office. Mr. Murdoch was
for thirty-four or thirty-five years in the
excise, and during that time, was
continually contributing to the forma-
tion of public opinion on a variety of
subjects — among others, the Repeal of
THE GAEL.
249
the Com Laws, Temperance, and the
Land Question. With the Temperance
Movement he was connected for the
last thirty years. In connection with
the Land Question, his name is a
household word. Having spent many
years in England and Ireland, he was
enabled to deal with the Irish and Eng-
lish Laud Question, as well as the
Scottish. Deeming this the most vital
Question next to the Gospel, his zeal
in ventilating it never flagged. He
wrote largely on it in English and Irish
as well as Scotch papers ; and his
writings on thissubjectalonc, if collected,
would form several respectable, good
sized volumes. A notable series of
papers from his pen, entitled " Suth-
erland AND OTHER CLEARANCES," and
signed "Finlagan," were printed, about
ten years ago, in the " Mark Lane Ex-
press," the leading Agricultural Journal
of England. In these papers, the
Sutherland Clearances were made to shed
light on the whole system of Eviction
and Land mismanagement, and the
interest they created was such as that
they were reprinted in several other
papers. Mr. Murdoch advocated the
cause of the people, and particularly
the right of the Celtic people to their
native soil, at the same time recognising
the hardships and wrongs of the Saxon.
He has always been the champion of the
Highlanders, and was ever eager to
promote measures for their good. As
an instance of how his writings are
always relished, we may refer to a paper
he read, two years ago, on the " Cli-
mate OF Inverness," before the Mem-
bers of the Inverness Literary Institute.
Such was the interest created, that
they unanimously called on him to
deliver it as a Lecture, under their
auspices, in the Music Hall of that
town. In Forres, last winter, he de-
livered a Lecture on the Heroes of
Ossian; and we understand, he is called
upon to deliver it again in some
of the neighbouring towns. He also
wrote an elaborate paper on the Clan
System. He was always ready to help
others, both in public and private work,
if he thought that in so doing he
was advocating the cause., and walking
in the paths, of justice. He is a Chief-
tain of the Inverness Gaelic Society,
and from the literary talent he brings
to its meetings as well as the zeal he
evinces in promoting its welfare, he
is one of the chief pillars of the Society.
From the Revenue Department (to
which he professionally belonged), it
appears from what the Civilian says,
that he is not retiring unnoticed : —
" Mr. Murdocli, whose name is a house-
hold word throughout the Department in
every part of the kingdom, has for many
months been a martyr to rheumatism,
acquired by him ir^^ the discharge of the
laborious duties of Supervisor, and, as no
prospect of his early recovery exists, he has
taken the only course open to him and
sought retirement. We are certain that this
announcement will be everywhere received
with sorrow, and we cannot believe that Mr.
Murdoch's retirement from the service will
be unmarked by striking testimony to his
work and fidelity to the great cause to which
he has devoted so much energy and
ability.''
After the above cursory review of
some of what Mr. Murdoch has done,
our readers will see that a most useful
man is retiring from Public Life. We
would therefore humbly suggest that
the sons of the Gael in all quarters, as
well as his own friends (private and
public) should co-operate with the
Members of the Excise, in presenting
him with something that may not be
unworthy of themselves.
GAELIC PHILOLOGY.
(A Letter to the Editor.)
My Dear Sir,
I have read with great
interest the re ai-ris you made in the ÌEng-
lish Department cf the Oct. No. of "The
Gael," upon the Ie:tnre delivered by the
Rev. Mr Cameron, )f Kenton, on Gaelic
Philology. I have for several years been
250
THE GAEL
Nov., 1872.
groping my way in the same direction witli
very little leisure time, aud no assistanee
except my nearly -worn out knowledge of
Latin and Greek, aud recent'y acquired
knowledge of Welsh aud Armonic. 1 there-
fore hail" with delight the idea of having
a compilation as you shadow forth — a
Gaelic Comparative Lexicon. It would bo
of the greatest importance to the Gaelic
student. It would be the means of attract-
ing more attention to the antiquity and
virtue of the language, and wiping away
the stigma, that even Germans aud other
foreigners know more about the Gaelic
philolog cally than those whose language it
is. 'Ihe undertaking would, doubtless, be
an arduous one, requiring much and varied
study, much learning and great research,
yet not insurmountable. 1 observe, with
delight, in your concluding remarks, that,
were encouragement given, and were Iligh-
landeis resolved, '* shoulder to shoulder," to
help the matter forward, a promise was
given by the Rev. Mr Cameron to have such
a great work undertaken.
As a Highlander willing to bear a hand,
I accept the challenge by offering at ou' e
to subscribe a live pound note to begin with,
more if fuiind necessary, and take several
copies of the work when published. I hope
every patriotic Highlander will do the same.
You, sir, will raise the lasting gratitude
of every real Highlander, who has any love
left in him for the language of his fore-
fathers, by agitating further th s undertak-
ing, aud the support, and the encourage-
ment, to undertake so desirable a Avork.
I shall be heartily glad to hear more of
the scheme, and to hear that it has a pro-
spect of success. — Ever yours sincerely,
John Mackay.
[It is with the greatest pleasure we in-
sert Mr Mackay 's letter, and we hope that
other lliglilanders, at home and abroad,
•will follow his examp'e, not merely by
telling what ought and might.be done, but
by showing what they can do, and are willing
to do ; and, finnlly, we are confident that
Mr Cameron's ability to execute the task is
a full guarantee for the Cklt every-
where, to follow in the good path which
Mr Mackay has so munificently opened ujp.]
thing that Professor Blackie does in show-
ing the affinities of the Gaelic language,
I cannot allow him to run away with
the harrows at pleasure. The word Tigh-
earn (in its aspirated form "Thighearu")
he considers is derived from the Latia
" Tego," a shelter, a house. I beg to state
that the word has no connection with
"Tigh" (more prop rly taigh), a house.
"Tighearu" is compounded of " Ti," an
individual or person, and " tharainn " over
us, the word therefore meaning the indi-
vidual who is over or above us, and equally
applicable to " Tighearn " neimh and
"Jighearn" an fhearainn. 1 hough the
first syllable " Tigh " has a resemblance to
"tigli," a house, yet the " gh " is no part
of the word " ti." The "gh" is only
used to keep the vowels from coalescing, as
in many instances "dh," "mh," " bh,"
" gh,'' " th," &c., the real pronunciation of
the word is "Tiarna."
Argathaliax.
ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS.
We are sorry that the sketch of Wm.
Livingstone's Life has been unavoidably
postponed.
Books Received.—" Celtic Origin of
Greek and Latin," by Dr Stratton ; also, by
the same author, " The Affinity between
the Hebrew Language and the Celtic ; "
•'Lays of the Highlands and Islands," by
Professor Blackie ; " Leabhar na Feinne,"
by J. F. Campbell ; " College Irish
Grammar," by Professor Bourke ; also,
by the same author, " Easy Lessons in
Irish ; " " Historical Map of the Clans,"
by Col. Robertson and T. B. Johnstone ;
&c., &c.
THE GAELIC "GOD SAVE THE
QUEEN."
(To the Editor of The Gael.)
Sir, — Although a great admirer of every.
We arc glad to inform our readers
that the "Netlicr-Lochaber" corre-
spondent of the Inverness Courier has
kindly consented to superintend a
poetical column — original and select —
in the -winter and spring numbers of
The Gael. Under the charge of a
gentleman so thoroughly qualified to
execute the task, -we arc confident that
this column shall be hailed with delight
by all lovers of the killed muse. Mr
Stewart's first contribution will appear
iu our next.
DARA MIOS A' GHEAMHRAIDH, 1872.
I Leabh.
[10 Air.
AIR CRUINN-CHORPAIBH
SOILLSEACn NAN SPEUR.
II. Earran
AIR A' GIIREIN AG US AIR
MERCURI.
Ged tha oibre a' cliruthachaidh gu
ieir mòr' agus miorbhuileach, gidheadh,
cha 'n eil ni air bith ri f haicinn 'n am
measg ni's ciàtaich', agus ni's oirdheircc
na cruinn-chuirp shoillseach nan speur.
Feumaidli " na soluis a ta ann an speu-
raibh nèimh" iongantas achur orra-san
uile, a bheaclidaicheas le ciirani air na
gniomharaibh so, a rinneadh leis-san
a thubhairt, "Biodh soluis ann an
speuraibh neimh, a chur dealachaidh
eadar an la agus an oidhche, agus biodh
iad air sou clionibaran, agus air son
ainasirean, agus air son làithean, agus
bhliadhnacban ! Agus biodh iad mar
sholusaibh ann an speuraibh neimh a
thoirt soluis air an talamh : agus bha e
mar sin. — Agus rinn Dia da sholus
mhor, an solus a's mo a riaghladh an
latha, agus an solus a's lugha a riagh-
ladh na h-oidhche ; agus na i'èultan,"
(Gen. i. 14, &c.) Mar so tha Maois a'
toirt cunntais duinn air cruthachadh na
greine, na gealaich, agus nan reult.
Labhair Dia am focal, agus leum iad
suas gu bith — " Thubhairt e, Biodh
solus ann, agus bha solus ann ! Agus
chuunaic Dia an solus gu'n robh e
maith," (Gen. i. 3, 4). Gu cinnteach
is dall, aineolach, agus neo-mhothuchail
an neach a thilgeas a shiiilean air reul-
taibh soillseach neimh, gun e fein
isleachadh, agus gun fhaicinn cia co
diblidh 's a ta e, agus cia co suarach 'sa
ta a ghniombara a's fearr, an coimeas
ri àilleachd an t-seallaidh a chi e, agus
ri cumhachd neo-chrioclmuichte an Ti
dhealbh neamh agus talamh, a neoni!
Dh' innis sinn anns a' cheud earrainn,
gu'm bheil a' ghrian air a suidheachadh
ann am meadhon nan reult, a ta 'g
iadhadh m'a timchioU 'n an cuairtibh
eug-samhla fein. Tha i fein, ach beag,
neo-ghluasadach ged tha a reultan uile
a' gluasad mu'n cuairt di. Tha i, gidh-
eadh, a' cur char di air a mul fein,*
o'n iar gus an ear, agus a' gabhail coig
thar fhichead de na làithibh againne,
chum aon chuairt a chur ! Tha i còrr
mòr agus muillean uair ni's mo na'n
talamh so, agus corr agus ceithir fichead
's a deich muillean mile air astar uaithe;
gidheadh, tha a teas, agus a solus a'
ruigheachd air, agus a' toirt beatha do
gach creutair agus luibh a ta air! A
reir beachd dhaoine foghluimte, tha a'
ghrian 'n a cruinn-bhallmòr, daingeann,
agus dorcha, air a cuairteachadh le
adhar soillseach agus dealrach air chor
is nach faic sinne ach amhàin dearrsadh
an sgeudachaidh Icis am bheil i air a
còmhdachadh! Chithear air uairibh
buill dhubha air aghaidh na greine,
agus tha na teallsanaich a' deanamh
mach, gur fosglaidhean, no tuill, iad so,
air trusgan lannaireach na greine, trid
am bheil a coi'p dorcha fein air a nochd-
adh ! Tha cuid a' saoilsinn gu'm bheil
a' ghrian air a h-eiteachadh, cosmhuil
ris an talamh so, le creutairibh reusonta
agus tuigseach ! Ach cha 'n oil cunntas
againn air so, agus cha 'n fheud sinn a
bhi glic 'n ar barail fein, os ceann na
tha air a sgriobhadh ! Ach, cha'n eil
cunntas againn 'n a aghaidh ; agus gu
cinnteach a reir reusoin, cha'n 'eil e
* h-Aisil, — Beurla, Axis.
252
AN GAIDHEAL.
Dara Mios a' Gheamhraidh, 1S72.
cosmhuil, gu"ra biodh am ball cruinn
agus beag so, air am bbeil sinne a'
teachd beo, air kiteachadh le creut-
airibh tuigseach am feadh 's a bhiodh
a' ghrian, a ta còrr agus rauillcan uair
ni's mo na e, air a fàgail 'n a fiisach
fiadhaicli agus falamh ; agus a reir ar
beachd-ne, gun flieura air bith, ach mar
lòchran mòr a shoillseacliadh nan reult,
a ta 'grad-sliiubhal mu'n cuairt di. Mar
so, cbitliear a' ghrian, aillidh agus
òirdhearc, ann am mcadhon a teagh-
laich, a' co-phairteacbadhriu gaclisolais
agus aoibhneis — a' tilgeadh a gathanna
or-bhuidh, chum an criochan a's iomal-
laiche — agus a tomhas an airasirean
doibh maraon ! Mar so, tha'n solus
mor so, a' riaghladh an latha do gach
aon fa leth de na reultaibh a dh' ainm-
icheadh, agus tha e dhoibh, a reir
sònrachaidliDhe, — "airsonchomharan,
agus air son aimsirean, agus air son
làithean, agus bhliadhnachan." Air
do'n ghrein a bhi ni's aillidh' agus ni's
dealraiche na uile sholuis eile neimh,
rinneadh i 'n a cuspair-aoraidh, le cin-
neachaibh lionrahor 'san iiird an ear !
Bha iad ag amharc oirre mar dhia, agus
a' sleuchdadh dhi leis gach cùram agus
treibhdhireas 'n an comas ! Cha 'n 'eil
teagamh nach i a' ghrian " Baal,"' dia
nam Pheniciach, "Chemos" dia nan
Ammonach ! Ach an aghaidh an
iodhail-aoraidh so, thug Dia, le beul
Mhaois, rabliadh sonruichte agus soillcir
do chloinn Israeil, ag r;idh riu, "Thu-
gaibh, uime sin an aire mhaith dhuibh
fein, air eagal gu'n tog thu suas do
shuilean ri nèamh, agus an uair a chi
thu a' ghrian agus a' ghcalach, agus na
reultan, eadhon sloigh neimh uile gu'n
tairngcar thu gu cromadh sios dlioibh,
agus gu aoradh a dhcanamh dhoibh, a
roinn an Tighearna do Dhia ris gach
cinneach a ta fo ncamh uile," (Deut.
iv. 15, 19).
Aig na reultaibh a ta 'cuairteachadh
na groine, tha la ag'us oidhcho, sarah-
radh agus geamhradh, ceart mar a ta
aig an talamh againne. Tha iad uile
a' dol mu'n cuairt air am mulanaibh
fein, ann an amannaibb suidbicbte, agus
's iad na h-amanna sin, an laithean agus
an oidhchean fa leth. Tha iad uile,
mar an ceudna, os barr, a' dol mu'n
cuairt do'n ghreiu, ann an cearcallaibh
mora, agus tha gach cuairt dhiubh so,
a' deanamh na bliàdhna aig gach reult
fa leth. Mar so tha bliadhnaichean
nan reult, a's faigse do'n ghrein ni's
giorra na bliadhnaichean nan reul, a ta
aig astar ni's faide uaipe. De na re-
ultaibh a dh' ainmicheadh anns a' cheud
earrainn, 'se Mercuri a's faigse do'n
ghrein. Tha 'n reult so ni's lugha na'n
talamh, agus cosmhuil ris a' ghrein agus
ris gach reult eile, tha i 'n a ball cruinn
talmhainn, da mhile agus sea ceud de
mh'iltibh troi'pe ! Tha i 'deanamh a
cuairt mu'n ghrein, ann an seachd agus
ceithir fichead la, agus tri uairean thar
fliichead iiine de na laithibh againn-ne,
agus 'se so, uime sin, bliadhna Mher-
curi. Tha l;i na reilte so, dlùth air a
bhi CO fada ri'r latha fein; ach tha i co
fagus do'n ghrein, an coimeas ris na
reultaibh eile, agus air an aobhar sin,
CO ana-minic air a faicinn, is nach
soirbh an ni do na teallsanaich, fad a
la a thomhas ! Tha i 'cuairteachadh
na greine ann an cearcall, a ta sea muil-
lean deug thar fhichead mile air astar
uaipe; agus tha i a' siubhal anns a'
chearcall so cho luatli, 's gu "m bheil i
deanamh corr agus ceud mile de mhil-
tibh anns an uair ! Tha 'n solus agus
an teas a ta i a' tarruing o'n ghrein, a
sheachd uiread ris an t-solus agus an
teas againn-ne; agus ma thacreutairean
reusonta a' gabhail corahnuidh anns an
reilt bhig so, chi iad a' ghrian, seachd
uairean ni's mo, na tha sinne 'ga faicinn!
Nach aluinn — nach miorbhuilefich uil'
oibre an Tighearna De ? " Clia 'n 'eil
neacli cosmhuil ri Dia lesurain a tha
marcachd air ncamh a'd' chOmhnadh,
agus 'na mhòrachd air na speuraibh,"
(bent, xxxiii. 2G). " Thigibh agus
faicibh oibre Dhe — uamhasach tha e
'n a glmiomharaibh," (Fs. Ixvi. o). 'Se
Dira Mios a" Ghaamhraiaii
ANT GAIDaEAL.
253
so aa Ti Uile-bheannuichte sin, " A
sgaoileas a macli na neamha 'n a aonar,
agus a shaltaireas air tonnaibh na
fairge ; a tha deanamh Arcturuis, Ori-
oin, agus Pleiades, agus sheòmraiche
na h-airde deas : a tha deanamh nithe
mora nach bi e'n comas fhaigheil a
mach, agus nithe iongantach nach gabh
aireamh," (lob ix. 8, 11).
SgIATHA-NACII.
CALLUM A' GHLINNE.
IV Earran.
Mu'n am an d'thainig muinntireas
ChalUiim gu' crich, agus 'n uair a bha e
ann an tomhas de iomchomhairle co aca
'rachadh e gu Galldachd a dh'iarraidh
'fhortain, no a dh' fhanadh e car nine
mar a bha e, thainig caochladh doch-
arach air a' Ghaidhealtachd a dh'
aobharaich an ditheachadh agus am
fogradh a dh' f hag i mar a tha i, 'na
fasaich an coimeas ris mar bha i aig an
am ud ; eadhon, " Achd Lagh nam
•Bochd" — lagh nach do thionndaidh a
raach na bheannachd aon chuid do'n
bhochd no do'n bheairteach. Fo an
t-seann riaghladh cha robh na bochdan
ro lionmhor agus bha iad air an cumail
suas ann an tomhas de chomhfhnrtachd
freagarrach da'n inbhe le saor-thabhar-
tais nan sgireachdan d'am buineadh
iad fa leth. An aite 'bhi air an
cuibhreachadh mar phriosanaich ann
an luchuirtean mora, riomhach, cosdail,
o'n leth a muigh, ach lorn fuar fasail o'n
leth a staigh, agus fo smachd 's fo riagh-
ladh mhaighistirean agus mhnathan
eiridnidh aig nach eil ach ro bheag de
chaomhalachd no de chomhfhulangas
ri 'n laigsinnean, a's ann a bha iad air
an cumail suas gu blath agus gu seasgair
"n am bothain fein agus an uireasbhuidh-
ean air an leasachadh gu bunailteach
le tialaidheachd thlusmhor an cairdein
's an luchd eòlais, agus ant airgiod abha
air a thioual o shabaid gu sàbaid aig
dorsaibh na h-Eaglais air a roinn orra
leis an tSeisein aig amaibh suidhichte.
Cha bu cheum air ghaig le oigridh na
sgireachd obair latha no dha 'bhuile-
achadh air buain, air caoineachadh
agus air giulan dachaidh raoine nam
bochd, agus cha robh biuthas a dh'
fhaoidte ainmeachadh as an deanadh
ban-tuathanach barrachd uaill na gum
biodh e air a radh d'a taobh " gun robh
beannachd nam bochd 'n a cuideachd."
Ach air do'n lagh iir tighinn as taigh,
leis an robh cis air a leagadh air uach-
darain a's iochdarain a reir an tighinn-
as-taigh — a's a dh' f heumadh a bhi air
a dioladh gun mheachainn gun dail aig
na traithean suidhichte — cha b' fhada
gus an d'rinn siod " am feumach mi-
thaingeil 's an saoibhir neo-shuairc."
Bha na bochdan a nis 'n an lethtrom
agus 'n an uallach searbh do na h-
uachdarain agus do na tuathanaich.
Thug siod, gun dail, buille-'bhàis do'n
spiorad uasal, chaomhail, bhlath-chi-idh-
each, air son an robh na Gaidheil cho
comharraichte, agus do'n ghradh na-
durra f hiuthail neo-eiseimeileach a bha
air altrum, eadhon leis na cosnaichean
bochda d'am parantan aosda. Co 'nis
a dh' aicheadh, no a sharuicheadh e
fein, a cumail suas caraid no ban-
charaid aosda, uireasbhuidheach, air
dha bhi air eigneachadh, aill air n-aill,
gu bhi dioladh gu daor airson cumail
suas bochdan eile ris nach robh dairah
no cairdeas aige. Mar sin, dli' fhas
na bochdan ni bu lionmhoire agus na
cisean ni bu truime o bliliadhna gu
bliadhna. B'e siod, ann an tomhas mor,
a bu mhathair-aobhair do'n an-riagh-
ladh dhocharach, bhreisleachail, ghearr-
sheallach a rinn a' Ghaidhealtachd,
ann an ioma cearna, ach beag, na
'fasaich. Thainig na h-uachdarain
gu co-dhimadh nach robh leigheas a
b'f hearr air an leon, na an tuath bheag,
mar 'theirte riu, fhogar as an duth-
aich, an duil gum biodh na bochdan air
an ditheachadh 's an tomhas cheudna
agus uallach na cise air a tliogail 'bharr
guallainn an luchd diolaidh, no aig a
chuid 'bu lugha air a h-eutromachdh.
25i
AN GATDHEAL.
Dara Mioa a' Gheimhraidh, 187
Mar sin thoisich iad air suidheachadh
an fhearainn air tuatlianaich mliora
mav f liritliean fhiadli agus mar ghabiia-
laichean farsuing chaoracb. Chaidh
gundail sguabach an fhograidh a leagail
air a' glileann tborrach, tharbhacb,
innseagacb, 's an d' fhuair Calliuu agus
a sbinnsear am brcLb 's an àracb. Ged
a bba 'mbathair corr agus da fbicbead
bliadbna 'na ban-tuatbanaicb air an aon
laraich, agus gun a bbi riamb ann am
fiacban do'n uacbdaran, am measg
cbaicb, fbuair i a' bbairlin; agus air a'
cbaingis a b' fbaisge cbaidb corr agus
fichead smuid a smàladb a db' aon
bheum o bbraigbe gu bonn a' ghlinne,
dbe an robb ant iomlan air a sbuidb-
eacbadb air aon tuf^tbanacb gallda
— seann fbleasgacb, gun bbean, gun
mbac, gun nigbean. Mu mbeadbon-là,
gbluais gacb teagblacb fa letb, a macb
an combdhail a cbcile, cba b' ann mar
a cbite iad re ioma bliadbna air mad-
uinn gacb sabaid 'n an comblain stolda
rianail le'n agbaidhean air eaglais na
sgireacbd gu bhi 'g aoradb do Dbia an
athraicbean — acbgublii 'gabbail an cead
deirreannacb d'a cbeile ann an tir nam
beò, a cbuid a b' fbearr 'sa b' oige dbiu
air cheann an allabain a' del air imricb
do dbutbcbaibb cein. Bu cbianail
deucbainncacb an sealladb e,-an oigridb
lutbor, fliallain, eireacbdail, a' deahvcb-
adbris an aosda, a bba air an latbaud air
an iomain gu rudba cruaidb, creag'acb,
ann an oisinn Ictboireacb de'n oigb-
reachd far an robb botbain cbumban
dbiblidb air an togail dhoibb. Am
measg nan eiltbireacb bba cuid de
bbraitbrcan agus de pbeatbraicbean
Challuim ri am faotainn. Bba a
mhathair a nis air a fagail gun seilbb,
gun bbunacbas a's acb beag 'n a b-aonar,
agus sgiiil na sean aois ag iadbadb oirrc,
ach fbatbasd clia robb i aon cbuid ann
an uireasbbadb no ann an eiseimeil ant
saogail. Bba Galium a nis air a cbur
tbuige gu deucbainncacb, agus cbuir
c roindic ciod air bitb a dbeireadb dba
nacb fàgadb e Eilcan Bhreatunn cbo
fada 's bu bbeo i. A bbarr air an teas-
gbradb a bba aige dbi mar mbathair
cbaombail, dbleasdanaicb, bba co-
fbulangas ro cbaoin aige ritbe, mar
bba i 'nis, 'n a suidbeacbadh aonarach,
air cbor agus gur ann le cridbe goirt a
rinn e suas inntinn dol cbo fada uaipe
eadbon ri Galldacbd na b-Alba. Cha
d' rinn e suas inntinn gus an do cbuir e
'n (oiseacb gu 'raidhe fein e, Co aca a
b' fbearr leatba e db' fbuireacb dluth
dbi mar a bba e na e 'dhol do Gblascbu
far am faodadb cotbrom a 'bbi aige air
soirbbeacbadb ni b' fbearr a tbaobb na
cbuir e ri 'sbuil. Deucbainncacb mar
a bba i thug i 'Ian aonta dba gun
gbearan gun soradb. Cbuir i na
'uidheam e mar a b' fbearr adh' fhaod-
adli i. Cbur i Biobul ùr eireacbdail,
'na cbiste, air dbi aireamb nacb bu
bbeag de earranan a cbombarracbadh
agus db' asluicb i air gun cuimbnicbeadh
e gacb uair a tbigeadb aon dbiu fo
'sbuil, gu'm b' earrannan4ad cs cionn.
am biodb ise gacb latba a' gttidlie gu'm
biodh iad air am beannacbadb dba;
agus bba iad air am beannacbadb dba
air mbodb sonruicbte mar a chitbear an
deigh so.
Air feasgar ciuin, blath mu dbeireadh
a' Cheitein, 'n uair a bba gbrian a'
tearuadh gu h-atbaiseacb troi cbopan.
gorm-shoilleir na b-iarmailte gu a leaba-
tbaimb ann an ucbd an lar-cbuain, ag
òradb muUacb nam beann, agus braon-
dbrucbd caoin na b-oidbcbe cbeana
tòiseacbadb ri dealtradb nan coilltean
agus bblaitbean cùbbraidh ioma-dha-
tliacb nan raointean agus nan acbaidh-
can ; agus coisir sgiatbacb nan.
doireacban a' seinn gu sunndacb fo sgail
an ùr-bbarraich uaine, gbluais Galium
a macb a botban a mbatbar air a thurus
do Gblascbu gun a bbeag 'na sporan
a bbarr air na pbaidbeadb fbaireadh
air bata-na-smuide, acb le beannacbd
agus deagb dburacbd a lucbd-còlais a's
gu baraid le mile beannacbd a mbatbar
'ga leantuinn. Cbo luath 'sa fbuair
Galium e fein air bord soitbeacb na
Dara Mios a' Gheamhraidh, 1872.
AN GAIDHEAL.
255
smuide, shuidh e sios air a clar deiridh
agus i a nis' ga ghiulan air falbh gu
siubhlach o'n "Eilein ghrianach mu'n
iadh an saile" acli clia b'fhada gus an
do chuir an t-astar agus an dorchadas
sgail-bhrat eadar a shuil agus
Tir nan giomanacli gun ghiamh,
A rachadh sunndach ris ant sliabh,
'Sa chuireadh smuid ri fritli nam fiadh,
Mu'n goir ant ian 'sa' chamhanaich.
Tir a' bharraicU cluibhraidh uain',
Tir na soillse, tir gun ghruaira,
'Sam faicte 'ghrian na gloir do-luaidh
Gun toit a ghuail 'cur falach oirr.'
Agus air an fheasgar ud chuunaic
Galium i, mar nach robh e 'san dan dha
a' faiciun a ritbisd car latlia 's bliadli-
na na dheigh siod, acli mar bu trie a
chunnaic, agus a blieaclidaicli e oirre
le thachd agus le ioghnadh
" aig criocli a cuairt
Troi cliupan gorra nan speuran buan
A' dol gu tarah an uchd a' cliuain,
'Si' g òradh cliruacla 'usbliearraidLiean,"
Ged a b'fliada gliabli e o' nadur agus
o 'cliliu a blai aon cbuid meata no lag
cbuiseacb, cbuir fàgail a dhutlicha sar-
dheucbainn air a dbuinealais agus air a
mbisneich. Ged nacli robli a bheag
aig a dbutbaich ri mhaoidheadh air
ann an seadh air bith ; agus ged a bba
. docbas aige gum faodadb e ruiglieachd
air cotbroman feabbasacbaidb, air cus-
i pairean ionmbiannaiclite agus ioma
[ co-fburtacbd pbearsanta ann an
1 Glaschu, ris nacb bu du dha fiugbair a
I bbi aige le fuireacb aig a' bbaile, gidb-
1 eadb bba dian cheangal aige ris an
i eilean bhocbd iomallacb a db' fhag e, a
j bba an impis a cbridhe 'bbristeadh.
I Bba suidbeacbadb cianail a mbathar,
; mar eun aoiiaracb air sliabb, agus a
,[ nead air a creacbadh, a'laidbe gu goirt
I air 'inntinn. Air an laimb eile, bba
I leithid de bbuaidh solasacbaidb agus
ij riaracbaidb aig obair Naduir air aignid-
<\ hean, mar tba 'n obair eugsmbuil sin air
I I ataisbeanadh ann an aillidbeachdfhiad-
I haicbnambeann, nam gleann agus nam
fascboilltean uaigneacb — nan lochan,
nan allt caisleach, liibacb, tormanacb —
agus, nan aibbnicheaneasach,linngeacb,
balbh-sbruthacb, dian-sbiubblacb a
dh'fhag e nis 'n a dheigh, gun fhios da
nacb e, ma' db'fhaodte, a chead deir-
reannacb a ghabb e dbiu 'n uair a sbio-
laidh iad uidh air uidh as a shealladh
fo sgail na h-oidbcbe, is gun d' f bairich
e efein mar leanabb maoth air a ghrad
spionadh o n' bbroilleacb cbaombail a
bba riamb roimhe dha na blihilhs, na
thaitneas agus na ioc-shlaint. Cha robh
teagamb aige nacb robh moran nithe ri
'm faicinn ann an Glaschu de obair
lamban dhaoine a bhiodh 'n an annas,
'n an iongantas agus 'n an toileacbas-
inntinn dha ; acb 'n uair a thainig e gu
chuimbnemar a cbuala' enomar a leugli
e uaireign — " Gur h-E an Cruithfbear
a chrutbaicb an dutbaich; ach gur
h-annle lamban dhaoine arinneadh na
fcailtean mora," smuainich e ciod air
bith cu'pairean talaidhno tattneacbaisa
db' fhaodadh a bbi air thoiseach air,
nacb tigeadh an latha 's an lionadh
iad suas dha an fhalanihachd io-'.ndrain
leis an robh inntinn air an oidbebe ud
air a fiosracbadh.
Mu ghlasadb na camhanaich, bba
soitheach na smuide timchioll Maol-
Chinntire. Cha b'fhada gus an robh
Galium bochd air urachadh agus air a
bheotbachadh le bhi coimbead air
beanntaibh boidheacb Cbinntire agus
an Eilein Arranaich ; ach mo thru-
aighe ; cha b'fhada gus an d' fliag e
ant iomlan dbiu air a chulthaobb, agus
beul farsuing Chluaidb r'a uo'nd, asus
mar gu'm biodh i ga shùghadh as taigh,
olc air mbath leis, an coinneamh a
sgornein dhorcha thoiteach nach do
choisinn ach ro bheag dhe a thhichd no
dhe a chiatadh. Bha faiU^adii breun
a b-analacb cho deistinneach dha is
gu'n robh e gle tbaingeil 'n uair a fliuair
e a chas air tir, agus air cnbhsair a'
bbaile mhoir, anns am fiiighear e an
deigh seo. a' cothachadh air a laimb
fein mar a '^/ba an ceard 'sa' chaonnaig.''
MulLEACir.
{Ri leantuinn.)
256
AN GAIDHEAL.
Dura MioB a' Gheamhraidh, 1372.
"BUN-LO CHAB A K."
In a company of literary men, at -n-hicli the writer of these lines, though
then but little more than midway through his teens, was privileged to be
I^resent, Professor John AYilson, of Edinburgh, the world-renowned "Christo-
pher North," remarked, in the course of conversation — " Since the days of
David, the sweet singer of Israel, I know not at this moment that I could
point to a single hymn, properly so called, worthy of the name, except that
which Scott causes the Jewess Rebecca to sing in ' Ivanhoe.' It is as nearly
as possible a perfect gem of its kind, in which dignity, pathos, and a religious
spirit, at once pure and fervid, are admirably intermingled. I know not any
species of poetical composition so difficult to deal with successfully." We
beg to present our readers with the hymn thus warmly praised by such com-
petent authority, with a Gaelic translation on the opposite column, in which
we have endeavoured, how successfully let the reader judge, to do something
like justice to the original.
Eebecca's Hymn (from " Ivaniioe.")
1
When Israel, of the Lord beloved,
Out from the land of bondage came,
Her father's God before her moved.
An awful guide in smoke and
flame.
By day, along the astonished lands.
The cloudy pillar glided slow ;
By night, Arabia's crimsoned sands
Ileturn'd the fiery column's glow.
2
There rose the choral hymn of praise.
And trump and timbrel answered
keen,
And Zion's daughters pour'd their lays,
With priest's and warrior's voice
between.
Ko portents now our foes amaze,
Forsaken Israel wanders lone ;
Our fathers would not know Thy ways.
And Thou has left them to their own.
But present still, though now unseen !
When brightly shines the prosperous
day.
Be thoughts of Thee a cloudy screen
To temper the deceitful ray ;
And oh ! when stoops on Judah's path.
In shade and storm the frequent
night,
Be Thou, long-suffering, slow to wrath,
A burning and a shining light !
LAOIDH NA DAN-IUDHAICII.
1
Tir a braighdeanais 'n uair dh'fhag
Israel a ghradhaich Dia,
Bha ESAN mar rithe 's gach trà,
'Ga stiuradh air gach làmli 's ga dion.
'S an latha roimpe bha meall neòil,
'S be 'n t' ioghnadh mòr siod do gach
treubh ;
S an oidhch' bha 'm fasach mar an t-òr
Le boillsa;' an teine a dh'orduich E.
"An sin bha laoidhean naoimh a
Le tromp a's tiomban 'seirm do chliii,
A's nigh'nan Shioin "togail fhonn
D'an d' thug gach sonn 's gach sagart,
fill.
An nis gun ni mar so — mo chreach !
Tha Israel air seach'ran sleibh,
Cha gh'ath ar n' athraichean Do shlighs,
As dh'fliag Thus' iad 'n an slighe
fein.
Ach mar ruinn fòs — ged 's ann fo sgail!
'Nuair 'thig oirn latha seilbh 'us
maoin,
Biodh smuainteanOrtsadhuinn nacihion
'0 theas 'as iargain air gach taobh.
'S air slighe ludah O ! 'nuair 'thig
An oidhche dhorcha, trie bi dlii,
Fad-fhulangach 'us mall chum feirg,
'Nad sholus dealrach dhuinn 's na' d'
stiiiir.
Dara Mios a' Gheamhraidb, :
AN GAIDHEAL.
257
4
Our harps we left by Babel's streams,
4
Ar clarsaichean, nan culaidh-thàir,
The tyrant's jest, the Gentile's scorn;
Dh'fhag sinn aig sruth Bhàbeil thall;
No censer round our altar beams,
Chaidh gach altair oirn fo smàl,
And mute are timbrel, harp, and
A's fuaim ar gaire tha air chall.
horn.
Ach full nan gobhar 'Dhia, ars Thus'
But Thou hast said, the blood of goat,
Cha toilich mi ua mile spreidh
The flesh of rams I will not prize ;
" An cridh brist', 'san spiorad bruit'
A contrite heart, a humble thought,
Si'n iobairt umh'l dan d'thug mi
Are mine accepted sacrifice.
speis."
Scott.
Nether -LoCHABER.
PAT O'CONNOE
Chaidh duiu'-uasal, Sasunnach hraidh,
air tir ann an Eirinn, agus chuir e
fastadh air gille òg, tapaidh a thachair
air d'am b'àinm Pat O'Connor, gu bhi
'dol maille ris air feadh na diithcha.
Thòisich am Maighstir agus esan air
comhradh r'a chèile anns na briathraibh
a leanas.
Maigh. — An i do bharail gu'n dean
6 an t-uisge an diugh, oganaich?
Pat. — Tha mi cinnteach gu'n dean e
an t-uisge uuireigin, ach cha'n fhios
domli cuin.
Maigh. — Tha e eu-cosmhuil ri uisge
'san am, oir tha 'ghrian a' sòillseachadh
gu h-àiUidh.
Pat. — Tha gun teagamh. Gidheadh
cha'n 'eil i a' deanamh ach an ni a's
coir di. Ciod tuilleadh am feum a ta
innte?
Maigh. — Ciod an ùine a bha thu
maille ris a' Mhaighstir a dh' fhàg thu?
Pat. — Air m' onoir, cha'n urrainn
mi innseadh. Chuir mi m' ùine seachad
cho toilichte 'na sheirbhis 's nach do
ghleidh mi ciinntas air. Dh' fheudainn
teachd beò maille ris uile laitheau mo
bheatha, agus mòran ni b' fhaide n'an
tograinn fein.
Maigh. — Carson a dh' fhàg thu e,
ma ta?
Pat. — Do bhrigh gu'n do ghabh mo
Bhan-mhaighstir 'n a ceann mo chridhe
a bhriseadh. Cha tugadh i tàmh
dhomh a la no dh' òidhche ach 'g am
chur thall 'sa bhos, a dheanamh sud 'sa
so, air chor 's nach robh innleachd
agam a bhi beo ni b' fhaide maille rithe.
Maigh. — An ann mar sin a shàruich-
eadh thu, ged tha tha ag ràdh gu'n
robh thu cho toilichte agus sona?
Pat. — Bha mi cho aoibhneach 'sa
bha'n la cho fad.
Maigh. — Nach robh do Mhaighstir
'n a dhuine ro uaibhreaeh àrd ìnntin-
neach ?
Pat. — 'Se bha. An duine is ua-
bhraiche 'san rioghachd air fad, oir cha
deanadh e gniomh suarach, salach, ged
a gheibheadh e dha fein an cruinne-ce
mu'n iadh a' ghrian.
Maigh. — Ciod a's aois duit a nis, mo
ghille tapaidh? Cia lion bliadhna tha
thu?
Pat. — Tha mi direach 'san aon aois
ri Morgan Finnigan. Eugadh sinu.
'san aon la, agus air duinn a bhi
seachduin a dh' aois, tha cùimhne agam
gu'n do bhaisteadh cuideachd sian leis
an aon uisge.
Maigh.-^-Gu'u teagamh is maith do
chiiimhne, oganaich; ach innis domb,
ma ta, ciod a's aois do Mhorgan
Finnigan ?
Pat. — Cha'n urrainn mi innseadh,
agus a reir mo bharail, cha'n 'eil e a'n.
comas do Mhorgan fein a' cheisd sin a
fhreagairt.
Maigh — An ann a'm Baile-cliath,
ma ta, a rugadh tu ?
Pat. — Cha'n ann idir. Dh' fheud-
ainn a bhi air mo bhreith anns a'
258
AN GAIDHEAL.
Dara Mios a' Ghearahraidb, 1872.
bhaile sin n'an tojijrainn fein, ach
b' fhearr leam an diithaich ; agus ma
bliios mi bcò gus am faigh mi bàs, agus
m'a bhios deagh ghiulan agam, blieir
mi an aire gu'n adhlaicear mi 'san
sgireachd far an d' rugadh mi.
Maigh. — Ro cheavt, ro cheart, — tha
mi 'faicinn giir tapnidh an didlnach
thu, agus gur ainneamh do leithid; ach
iunis domh an dean thu sgriobhadh ?
Pat. — Sgriobhadh ! Is mise a ni,
agus ni mi gu h-ealant'e, — ceart co
hiath 'sa ruitlieas am miol chu an deigh
an fiieidh air na raointibh.
Maigii. — Ach a nis innis domh ciod
an seol cumanta air an teid neach air
thuras troimh an diithaich bhòidheach
so?
Pat. — Ma ta, a' Mhaighstir choir,
tha 'chilis direach mar so, — ma tlieid
thu air muir, feumaidh tu 'dol air luing
sheòlaidhh no air toit-long ; ma theid
thu air tir, feumaidh tu dol air carbad,
no air muin-eich ; ach mar roghnaich
thu aon dliiubh sin, cha'n 'eil ann duit
ach na casan a ghabhail, agus coiseach-
adh mar a's fearr a dh' fheudas tu,
gus an ruig thu ceann do shlighe, biodh
i fad no goirid.
Maigih. — An dencbaidh thu fein
riamh astar nior air do chosaibh ?
Pat. — Is mi nach deaehaidh. Cha
do choisich mi riamh a mach air tri no
ceiihir cheud mile a null tarsuing air
an rioghachd ; ach rinn mo chomh-
aois Morgan Finnigan Eirinn a chois-
eochd o cheann gu ceann, gun bbiog
air a chois, gun bhonaid air a cheann,
agus gun snàtluiinn eudaich air a
dhruim, ach beagan luideagan reubta,
salach, a bha 'gabhail beannachd le
aon a' chòile.
INIaigii.— ]\ro thruaighe ! Morgan
bochd, cha robh sin idir furasd dn, ach
ciamar a chaidh aige air ?
Pat. — Cliaidh gu ro mhath, oir cha
robh dith bidh, no dibhc, no Icapach
air, an uair a bha teanga 'n a cheann,
agus taigliean, agus tobraichean arm an
tir na h-Eirinn. — Mar cuir mi fadal ort,
a Mhaighstir choir, dh' innsinn sgeul
beag dhuit mu Mhorgan.
Maigh. — Each air t-aghaidh, ma ta,
agus innis ciod a dh' eirich do'n truagh-
an bhochd.
Pat. — Bha e an siod ag imeachd gu
cruaidh air rathad mor an righ, gus an
d'rug e air duin'-uasal a bha' coiseachd
air thoiseach air. An uair a bha e
direach aig sail an duin'-uasail, ghrad
thionndaidh e mu'n cuairt, agus rug e
air amhaich air Morgan, agus thubhairt
e ann am feirge mhòir ris, " a mhèirlich
ghoid thurao neapaigin-poca nam. agus
cuiridh mi air ball do'n phriosain thu."
Eo mhaith, ro mhaith, a dhuin'-uasail
choir, cha mhòr gur miosa sin na so,
ach dean foigbidinn beag, agus na bi
cho bras, cha do ghoid mise oirleach.
dheth. Blia'm fallus a' dalladh an
duin'-uasail, le bhi 'tarruing Mhorgain
'na dheigh, agus stad e tiota beag. Mu
dlieireadh, tliug e an ad aige bhàrr a
chinn a tbiormachadh an fhalluis. Ach
ciod a fhuair e 'san aid ach an neapaigin-
poca a bha duil aig a ghoideadh, Ghrad
thionndaidh e ri Morgan, agus thubhairt
e ris," Tha mi 'g iarraidh maitheanais
ort, a dhuine bhochd, oir dhit mi thu
gu neo-chiontach." " Cha ruig thu
leas maitheanas iarraidh ormsa," a deir
Morgan, " oir gliabh thusa mise mar
mhcirleach, agus ghabh mise thusa mar
dhuin'-uasal, agus bha sinn 'nar dithis
air ar mealladh ! " Thug an duin'-
uasal le deagh-ghean bonn-crùin da,
agus dhealaich iad.
Maigii. — Is lagbach an sgeul sin, a
Phat, agus bu tapaidh am ballach
Morgan 'n a luideagaibh. Ach innis
domh a nis, ciod an t-àm a's freagarr-
aicbc gu dol air thuras air feadh na
duthcba so?
Pat. — Tha gu cinn teach an t am
anns am mo am bheil a dh' àirgiod
aig duine 'n a sporan.
Maigh. — Gle clieart, gle' cheart, (a'
deanamh gaire) ach tlia duil agam gu'ra
bheil na ratliadan mora 'san diilhaich
so gle fhurasd imeachd.
Dara Mios a' Ghe»mhraidh, 1872.
AN GAIDHEAL.
259
Pat — Gle fhurasd gun teagamh ma
phàighear na cis-glieataichean a ta co
tiugh air an suidheachadh, mar astar
ochd mile o cheile, air gach slighe 'san
riòghacbd.
Maigh. — Dh' ìnnsèadh dhomh gu'm
bheil àireamh mòragaibh dhe'n chrodh
adhairceach 'san tir so. Am bheil sin
ceart?
Pat. — An iad na seilcbeagan a ta
thu a' ciàllachadh ?
Maigh. — Cha'n iad, cha'n iad idir,
an crodh-dubh tha mi 'ciallachadh.
Pat. — An crodh-dubh ! Tha'n crodh
againn deth gach dath,— dubh, geal,
buidhe, ban, odhar, riabhach, agus deth
gach dath agus dreach eile fo'n ghrein.
Maigh — Ach tha duil agam gu'm
bheil e 'g uisge tuilleadh a's trie ann an
Eirinn.
Pat. — 'Se sin tha na h-uile neach ag
ràdh ; ach is comadh co dhiubh, cha'n
fhad gus an tig crioch air sin, oir
gheall an duine maith O'Connell gu'n
robh e gu achd Parlamaid a thoirt a
staigh air son turaidh agus aimsire
bhlath, agus gheibh 'anam e. Guidh-
idh mòran gu'n teid a' chilis leis, gu
sònraichte luchd buaineadh na mòine
agus an fiieòir. Guidhidh na h-uile
gu'n tuit mile beannachd air a cheann.
Maigh. — Air duibh mòran aibhnich-
ean grinn' a blii agaibh 'san rioghachd
so, shaoilinn gu'm biodh pailteas eisg
agaibh an còmhnuidh.
Pat. — Pailteas dhe'n iasg is fearr a
fhliuch riamh uisge! A cheud iasg
air an talarah ach e fein ! Gu'n tea-
gamh, a Mbaighstir, cha'n innis mi
breug dhuit, ach n'aai biodh tu aig
abhainn Bhorjne gheibheadh tu na
bradain agus na brie a nasgaidh ;
agus n'an rachadh tu gu Baileshanaidh,
gheibheadh tu iad air moran ni's lugha !
Maigh. — Is leòir sin, ma ta, biomaid
a nis a' falbh.
Sgiathanach.
BRASAILTE.
Do Choinneach MacLeòid.
Fear na Tobrach, 'an Strath-
Feothair.
Tliachair do bhean an ùghdair a bhi
beagan sheachduinean aig tobraichean
iocshlainteach Shrath-Feothair. Re
na h-uine sin, bha i fuireach ann an
taigh I\Ihic-Leòid,a nochd mòrchaoimh-
neas d'i ; 's o'n bha teist muiuntir
eile, a bha mion eòlach air ag co-chòrd-
adh anns gach seadh ri na thaisbein e
dh' i fein smuanaich mi na rainn so
'chur ri cheile mar chuimhneachan air
'fhiiiphantachd, 's air iomadalachd a
bhuadhan.
Tha m'aigneadh, 's mo chonn, 's a'
cheòh'aidh air bhonn,
Gu-n togair learn fonn òrain,
'S o 'n tha sinn clio reidh, gu-n teid
mi air ghleus,
'S gu seinnear leam seis sholais
Do 'n fiiiiiran gun ghiamh, fhiughan-
tach, fhial,
Leadanach, chiabh òr-bhuidh',
'S min-dhcirge da ghruaidh mar chaor-
runn 'g am buain,
'S nan Hop tha air shnuadh ro^an.
A Choinnich dheis, òig, o bhroilleach
shil Leòid,
'S na «?hiiinich na seoid ainmeil,
'Nuair ghluaiseadh an sloigh fo bbrat-
aichean sròii,
Bu f hlatliail am por meanmnach,
'S torman nam piob a' borbadh an spid,
A' tarruing gu stri armaibh,
'S mu 'm piUeadh o 'n àr bhiodh cis
air an narah,
'S e sud 'n an cuid blàr 'dhearbh iad.
Tha thu o d'òig, 'rèir feartan do sheòrs',
ceanalta, coir, uasai,
Faicilleach, ceart, taitneach, 's gach
heart,
Rodlioiuhain'arabeachd-smuaintean,
Aoidheil gun stiirr, caoimhneil gun liib,
Fileanta, ciuin, suairce,
Subhach gun chron, sicir gun Ion,
'S theid beannachd nam bochd 'suas
leat.
260
AN GAIDHEAL. Dara MIos a- Ghef.mhraidh,
'S fliad dh' imich do chliù, 's bi 'dh tu
fo nihùirn,
'G ad shireadh 'an cuirt uaislean,
'S tu cridheil mu bhòrd, 's a' lionadli
nan corn,
2si thu gach bròn f huadach ;
Dannsair air làr ionnsuicthe 'tha,
Briosg, sgiobalta, sàr-f huasgailt';
Ceol gu do reir, 's boidheach do chrc
Ri ruidhle nan ceum luatlia.
Gur gile do clmeas na cobhar nan eas,
'S na cuitlie 'ni sneachd aon oidhch';
'S gur binne do gbuth na coisir nam
bruth,
'S a' mhadainn ri mocli aoradli :
Gu-n dheothail thu run mhaighdean
na dùlhch'
Le mealladh do ghniiis fhaoiltich,
'S tlia cuid dhiubb fo bbron 's a
bhitheas ri 'm beò,
A' cumba fo leon gaoil dut.
'Kuair tbeid thu do 'n bbeinn le d'
gbunna tba grinn,
Gur moch thu 's na glinn àrda,
'S do mhiol-choinn 'n an deann a'
dÙ3gadh nam mang,
'S a' cuibhleadh nan seann hln-damh.
Gur fui] teach do thriall a' toUadh nam
bian,
A' leagail nam fiadh crù-dhearg,
'S gur trie thug thu leat o iocbdar
nan eas,
Am bradan, 's am breac tàrr-ghcal.
Coisnidh tu reis le taghadh do steud,
Tba spioradail, trcun, uaibbreacb,
'S e circanach, :lrd, uchd-fharsuinn, bin,
Mòr-sbuileach, àill, cluas-gbeur,
Cuinneineach, mòr, cruinn anns a'
bbruig,
Mas-lcatlian, beo, cnnachd-bbcag,
Lag-mhuingeach, gann, tiugh-earblacb,
teann,
Dircach 's gach ball, 's Inaineacb.
Cha-n aithme dhomh cuchd 'ni duinc
fo n' glrein,
Nach fhaighcartharcbeud buaidbleat,
"S a dh-aindeoin gach piiirt 'Ihuair thu
thar cbaich,
Cha chluinnear gu brath uaill ort.
Choisinn thu toirt bheartach 'us bhochd,
'S ni iad le raoit luaidli ort ;
'S bhrigh d' uaisle ri m" Chcil' guidhidh
mi fein,
Sonas 'us re buan dhut.
Locn-AiLLSE.
To the Editor of "The Gael."
Inveraray Castle, October 31, 1S72.
Sir, — The following Gaelic poem is
copied from a manuscript found yes-
terday, amongst a large and valuable
collection of old papers, given lately
by Mr Campbell, of Sonachan, to the
Duke of Argyll. The manuscript is
on quarto paper, written in a band of
last century, with an English rendering
opposite to the Gaelic. The song ap-
pears to be a genuine composition of
1528. Like other Gaelic poems of
this period, the language tends towards
current northern Irish dialects. The
spelling, accents, and other marks, are
copied. With the aid of the Eev. Mr
MacPherson, and after questioning
Inv.eraray boatmen as to the meaning of
some technical words, I have attempted
to make a close translation, which 1
have now the honour to send, with a
copy of the song.
It is interesting, because it gives a
portrait of an ancient west country
expedition. They launch their boats,
they step their masts, they hoist a square
sail, make the tack of the lug sail fast
to the weather cat-bead, set a foresail
("scoid-lin"), and beat to windward,
using oars. This picturesque old
navy of Loch Fyne was very lil
the modern herring fleet for size and
rig. Such boats are commonly sculp-
tured on tombstones, and are blazoned
on coats of arms. It is curious also to
note the small Gaelic equivalents for
great titles, and their value when
translated. The title of " Riogb,"
which the learned bard gave to the
Earl whom he chose for laudation, was
given to a great many petty chiefs in
Dara Mios a' Gheamhraldh, 1872.
AN GAIDHEAL.
261
Ireland, and in Scotland, and clearly is
the word "Raja." When given to the
Irish monarch, who ruled at Tara over
five provincial kings, they added a word
to make the title " High King " (Ard
Eigh). When given to a great monarch
in the East, they add a similar word to
make the title "Great King" ("Maha
Raja"). Riogh, therefore, meant a
country gentleman of old. Such titles
as " General," "Lord High Justiciar,"
" Warden of the Marches," &c., in like
manner dwindle when turned into
Gaelic. I have tried to give equivalent
words in translating the poem which
follows, but I am not quite sure that I
have rendered the whole correctly.
The following is a quotation from
Buchanan. Vol. II.. seventh edition.
1799. R 153 :—
" And whereas, the King had no
great confidence in the Hamiltons as
being friends to his enemies, and was
also offended at tliem upon the account
of the slaughter of John Stuart, Earl
of Lennox ; and, besides, there being
none of the nobility of the adjacent
for that service, at last he resolved to
send Colin Campbell with an army
against the rebels, a person living in
the furthest parts of the kingdom, but
a prudent man, of approved valour,
and, upon account of his justice, very
popular. The Douglasses, when the
Hamiltons and the rest of their friends
failed them, were reduced to great
straits, so that they were compelled by
Colin, and by George, Chief of the
Humes, to retire like exiles intoEngland,
" In the month of October, two emi-
nent knights came ambassadors from
the King of England about a peace
which, though earnestly desired by
both Kings, yet they could scarce find
out the way to conclude upon it. . . ."
From this it appears that the ballad
is historical, so far as it goes with the
history of George Buchanan. It also
agrees with entries in Irish annals.
Unless my recollection is at fault, this
Colin Campbell is mentioned there as
a generous, hospitable man, who gave
gifts to learned scribes and bards. — I
am, your obedient servant,
J. F. Campbell.
party that had power or interest enough
AN ODE OR SONNET
(Copy.)
Composed by a Highland Bard in honour of Colin, 3rd Earl of Argyle, in the
reign of King James 5th, Anno 1528, upon his being appointed by the king
to command an expedition against the Douglasses, then in rebellion on the
borders. Buchanan, B 14 Ch. gives account of this expedition, with a beau-
tiful and noble character of this Colin.
1.
Trialfa mi le m'Dhuanaig ullamh
Go Riogh Ghaoihdeal,
Fear ag am hi 'm baile toitheamhil,
Sonna saidhbhin.
2.
Triach Erragaoidheal is fearr bhfaicean
Is mo maitheas
Callen liarla faoi cluidh
Se is fial Flaitheas.
Amhal iiasal fairsin freamhach
Dan cubhaigh moladh
I'll wend with my finished ditty,
ToaGa3licKing[Riogh]:
A man whose town has many a fire-
Happy and wealthy. [smoke,
2.
The Lord of Argyll is best to look on,
Of greatest goodness;
Colin the Earl, well reputed,
Is pride of nobles.
3.
Noble apple-tree, widely rooted,
Who is praiseworthy;
262
AN GAIDHEAL.
Dara Mios a' Gfiearahrnidh, 1872
Crann is uire dhas roimli Thalamh
Lau do tLoradli.
4.
Seabhag is uasle tbeid sna neulamh
Crann thar chrannuibh tbu
Mac Ratb tbu cbum Dia go ullamb
Don cleir Ealadbann.
0.
Mar leomhan neimbneadb neartmbuii*
An am trioblaid tbu [laidir
Beg nacb deacbuidb Alba ar udbmbal
Gus an do tbeasrig tbu.
G.
An tratb tbrialfas Callen larla
Is a sbluagb bunnidb
Curfar leis air Fairge o' cbaladh
Cabblacb ullamb.
7.
Loingeas leatban laidir liicbdmbiir
Dealbbthacb dbianach
Is sleambiiinadb Slias dbol san tiaradb
Dar-cbruadb rambacb.
8.
Togar an sin no geal cbroinn cborrach
Suas le'n lonadb
Is iomdlia Balle gu teann ga deanamb
An am dboibb Seoiladb.
9.
Dheantar an slaogh dbireach dualacb
Mar bhraigb thosuigh
Togar na seuil mbor le maisa
Le scoid-lin crosacb.
10.
Dheantar 'n cluas san cbicb tosaigb
Dbol san uaradb
Mar Steid ro luath i, srutb ga sar-
aigb
'S muir ga bualadb.
11.
A leuid Laocb fulingeacb meanmnacb
Dorn-geal trcitbacb
Imrudb lub air a bàlach
Socairacb seidtbracb.
12.
An deadb sluadb Honmhur faoi Ian
O'mbarcùigb rcambra [armidii
Air a dheis laimh do anan neart na
Aige Riogb Alba. [Dbuibbnacb*
* (gloss) Campbells.
Noblest tree tbat grew tbrougb eartb's
Full fruit bearing. [mould,
4.
Noblest falcon tbat soars to cloudland,
Tree above trees tbou; [ready
Son of good fortune, wbom God kept
For learned clerks [instructed bards].
5.
As a fierce lion, strong and migbty,
In troubled time tbou;
Scarce but Scotland went to I'uin,
Till tbou aided.
6.
The morn tbat Colin the Earl marches,
And bis people;
By him is put on sea from harbour,
A full flotilla.
7.
Broad-beamed shipping, strong, great
Tight, and shapely; [burdened,
Of slipperiest sides to go to -windward,
Oak-bard, oared.
8
Then are lifted the white masts swaying,
Up with their gearing:
Many's the rope tbat is being made fast,
What time they're sailing.
9.
Their straight cables are made colled,
To top tbefo'k'stle;
The great sails are raised in beauty,
With foresails crossing.
10.
Their ears are made fast in the fore-
bosom [cat-bead],
To go to windward ;
As a right swift steed she, tide ex-
Sea her beating. [bausting,
11.
Iler crew of haughty, enduring heroes,
Wliite fisted, hardy;
Would make a bond in her oar-banks;
Steadily breathing.
12.
The excellent numerous host full armed,
From rich mark lands [? markets];
At his right ever the power of the
Has the King of Alba. [Duibhnach,
Dwft Mios a' Gheamhraidh, 1872.
AN GAIDHEAL.
263
13.
Le laigh a chartas 's nuair i b' eigin
Le cruadli cbogadh
Bhuain sibh buaidb 's 'a sibh oirdheiric
'S fhuar sibh Tosach.
14.
Ni aithnidb dbamsa bbur cairdin a
Ga fairsin 'ra eolas [raach
Ach' sro cbintadba gu 'neiridh leatsa
Mac Leod Leoghes.
15
Fuil Mhic Intosich gu ullamh
Feaclitiia Mliic Imidh
Mairg air an leagudh iad 'mbuilean
An am Lann imirt.
16
Clan na Leoin gu laidir lionmliur
O'n Fhion mhullach
An Dream thug buaidh an s'gach beal-
ach
'S bfearr fuirach.
17
Brollacb Clan Doaihniiil ort a feith-
eamh
Dun cliu buaidh lathairach
Uaslin luse Gall gu coimblion
Fir gun aUin.
18
faoi
an Kiogh
Fhuar thu sud
b'arrigh
Bhi d' ard chean bheirt
Air fearibh Alba is bhi d'ard Ereith-
mhiir
Neithe is annama.
19
Ata thu d'ard-fliear gleidh agus coim-
Air an Crioch thall [head
Rainig 's bhuaidh thar bhur naaihiii-
duin
'S fhuair thu siothcheaut
20
Air ard-comhairle na Alba
S tu stuir uile
Do cho mhaith ni n' dhuarfas an sean
nachus
0 lin Uilliam
13.
With hands of justice, and, when 'twas
^ With hard fighting; [needed,
Ye won victory, and ye are honoured,
And got the lead.
14.
Unl<nown to me are all your allies,
Though wide my knowledge;
But sure it is that he'll rise with thee,
MacLeod of Lewes.
15.
The Macintosh Blood ever ready,
The hosts of Mac Imidh [Lovat].
Woeworth on whom they may drop
Li the blade play. '[their Hows
16.
Tribe of the Leoin, strong and plen-
teous, [MacLean]
From the white hill top ;
The branch that won battle in every
Of best endurance. [pass,
17.
The Breast of Clan Domhnuil are
waiting on thee,
Whose style is " Victorious."*
Gentles of the Gentile Isles together,
Men undaunted.
18.
and
That got'st thou from the King,
earned it,
To be high chieftain
O'er the men of Alba and High Brehon,
In gear and lives [Souls (?) matters
ecclesiastical and civil].
19.
Thou art high keeper and watcher
On yonder marches ;
Thou camest and overcamest thy foe-
men,
And gottest peace words.
20.
Over the high Council of Alba
Thou did'st steer all;
Of such a worthy no story was got-
ten,
Since the time of William
* To whom is the honour Victory-in-
stricken-field-ish.
264
AN GAIDHEAL.
Dnra Mios a' Gheamhraidh, 1S7:J
21
21.
Uallas ! Flath na Fear gun coimhnihoas
Wallace ! chief of men, unequalled
A measg Dhaoiiie
Amongst mankind ;
Calen na d'aighsan gun coimhmlicas
Colin, after him, is peerless,
An Tliiarla uirach.
That noble Earl.
22
22.
Giodh gu ro mlioi- d' iuuimlie d'ainm 's
Though right great thy rank, thy name,
t'onnoir
and honour,
'Smo do gliocas
Greater thy wisdom ;
Rinn thu bunn a steidh na firiuine
Thou hast inwardly rooted the truth
'Is a cheartas.
And justice.
23
23.
Ehinnadar leat dlighe ceart
By thee was given righteous judgment
Do lag 's do laidir
To weak and strong ;
Beannachdgach aon Duinead'cuideaclid
Bless each Duine in thy host,
Gall us Gaoidheal
Celt and Stranger.
24
2L
An Tathair cumhaclidach d' Gleidh
The Mighty Father keep thee.
Is a Mac Fireune
And the Son of Truth,
An' Spiroid noamh 'diain do nair
The Holy Spirit, guard thy fame,
A Riogh Loch fine.
King of Lochfine.
25
25.
Ni 'n dhfuaras do choimlimliaith do
Ne'er was found thine equal as patron,
Is ni mo iarrfuidheas [Gurrain
Nor is sought for;
A chean na Fear bu fhailt a churam
Oh ! head of men of heavy cares,
Leat do trialfam.
I'll wend with thee.
N.B. — Verse 15. The Mac Intoshcs, instead of the common appellation of Clan-
intosh, chose to call themselves in the Gaelic Language Fuil Mhic Intoshich — The
Blood of Macintosh, by way of eminence.
{Music as written in the manuscript.)
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OIDIICIIE
FniR MO CimiDiiE,
Ceadaich dhomh
focal no dha 'chur sios mu oidhche
Shamhna. Ma chi thu nach cur iad
mi-chliu air do Giiaidiieal maiscach,
bi' mise gle thoilichte ma bhcir thu
oisinn doibh, oir tha mi an droch staid,
agus ma tha leigheas domh air thalamh,
'si mo bheachd gur h-ann am measg
lucbd-leughaidh A' Ghaidhcil a gheobh
mi e, air an aobhar sin bi tròcaireacb,
mar bu dual duit o d' shinnsearan.
SHAMHNA.
Mar tha fios agad-sa, tha mi guu
cheile, agus, a reir cleachdadh mo
dhuthcha, smaoinich mi gu'm feuch-
ainn de 'm fortan a bha romhara, air
oidhche shamhna. Le sin na mo
bheachd dh'fhalbh mi fein agus mo
charaid " Mac-Shimidh," gu taigh sean
bhoircannach a tha 'san iute leis an
clcachdach a bhi leughadh na'n copan :
ach air an oidhche seo, 's ann a bha i
'leughadh na'n uibhean. Bha triuir
nighean as teach maille rithe, agus gach
>ara Mios a' Gheamhraidh, 1872.
AN GAIDHEAL.
265
f; dhiubh air " bhiod," air son a fortan
chluinntinn. Cha bu luaithe 'iàinig
nne na ruith an triuir a mach air an
lorus chuil ; agus, ma dh' innseas mi
ki fliirinn duit-se, 'Ghaidheil ion-
tbuinn, cha robh sinne bronach, oir
pha bu toigh leinn a bhi 'g eisdeachd
na caillich a' leughadh nan uibh-
ean, agus gu 'n robh sinn cinnteach
gu'm bitheadh na caileagan a' magadh
a ris oirn. Bhrist a' chailleach ubh,
agus gu ciiiamach leag i leis a' gheal-
agan ruith don ghloinne (aig an am
cheudna gle thoitheach nach gluaisedh
am buidheagan, oir na 'n tuiteadh
boinne dheth 'sa' ghloinne maille ris a'
ghealagan 's ris an uisge, cha bhiodh
a' chuis cho math). An deigh do'n
ghealag'an a bhi mar bu nihiannach
leis a' chaillich, chuir i a bois air beul
nagloinne,'s chrath ii gu h-iollagachaig
an am cheudna 'g ainmeachadh araon
"Mhic-Shimidh" (air ainm 's air a shloi-
nneadb) agus an fliir nach tig- an
comunn nan criosduidhean. Leag i 'n
sin leis na bha 'sa' ghloinne stòladh, 's
shin i-fhein air aithris rann no ubag
air chor-eigin. Leugh i 'ghloinne, 's
dh' innis i do " Mhac-Shimidh," ni,
ma tha e fior, a ni 'na dhuine
sona e, cho ftida 's a bhios 'anail a'
dol sios a's suas. Air a mhodh
cheudna, leugh i mo gldoinne-se, ach
's duilich learn nach d'thug i misneachd
sa bith dhomh. Dh'fhalbh sinn an sin
a taigli na caillich a's dhealaich mi-
fein 's " Mac-Shiraidh," agus chaidh
mi do thaigh eile, agus air dhomh dol
as teach, bha fear ann an sin 'sa cheann
gu ruig a ghuaillean ann am ballan
uisge, feuchain an tugadh e sia sgillinn
de 'glirunnd. Theirteadh na'n tugta
an t-sia sgillinn a grunnd a' bhallain
uisge, leis na fiaclan, gu'm faigheadh a
neach a dheanadh sin ceile, luath no
mall. Chuir mi fhein mo cheann 'san
uisge, agus gach uair a dh'fheuchainn
ri chur fodha, thigeadh an aileag
orm, 's ged a Ì)hithinn a' stri ris an
t-sia sgillia a thogail fhathasd cha
bhithinn dad n'a b'f hearr ; agus sgur
mi, oir bha e cho fasa dhomh snaoisean
fhaighinn o "DhòmhnuU na Gealaich"
'sa bha e dhomh greim a dheanarah
air an t-sia sgillinn. Dh' fhiach mi n
sin ri ubhall a thoirt as a' bhallan, ach
cha b'e dad a b'fhasa dheanamh : a's
gheill mi. Chuireadh an sin brat air
m'eudainn, gus an robh mi cho dall ri
fàth ; agus chuireadh tri triunnsairean
air mo bhial-thaobh — fear falamh, fear
Ian adh uisge glan, agus, le do chead-
sa, am fear eile Ian adh uisge salach.
Bha agam ri mo lamh a chur ann am
fear diubh, agus a reir an fhir 'san
cuirinn i, bha m' fhortan' 'sa bheatha
SCO gu bhi air a thaisebanadh. Tri
uairean an deigh cheile, chuir mi mo
lamh 's an triunnsair f halamh ; as le
corraich tbilg mi am brat de m'
aghaidh. Fhuair mi an sin ubhall
agus chaidh mi leis gus an sgathan;
oir chuala mi, na'n ithinn ubhall ag
coimhead ris an sgathan agus coinneal
a' lasadh na m' lamh chli, gu'm faicinn
iomhaidh mo leannain. llinn mi mar
dh'iarradh orm, ach an truaighe iomh-
aidh a chunnaic mise ach m' iomhaidh
fein ! Shin iad an sin air losgadh
chnothan ; 's a cliiad dithis a loisg
iad (Mac-Shimidh 's a mhaighdeann)
"ghabh" iad cho aillidh agus gu'n
eilticheadh tu-fein riutha 'Ghaidheil.
Loisgeadh an seo mi-feiii agus an te air
an robh mi 'n toir o ghliin mo mhathar
— 's mo loisgeadh, "ghabh" mise, 's
"chrag" ise. Cha b'urrainn mi
seasamh ris a' chorr, 's dh'fhag mi
'n taigh le corraich agus thug mi 'n
iolainn orm, a spionadh dhias as a'
chruaich choirce. Bha fadal mòr orm
gus an tigeadh an dias, agus mi 'n
dochas gu'm biodh i tarbhach, torrach,
ach, mo dhiubhail ! cha robh aon siallan
oirre ! As an iolainn thug mi 'n ath
orm, agus thilg mi ceirsle shnatha
'ghoid mi air mo mhathair, suas do
chro na h-athainn, a's dh'eigh mi, " co
tha siod air ceann mo shnathain ?" ach
cha d'fhuair mi freagairt ; a's gu dubh-
2G6
AN GATDHEAL.
Dara Mios a' Gheamhraidh, 187!.
cliridlicach b'eiginn tillcadh dacliaidh.
A' del dachaidh smaonaich mi air
oidheirp, eadhon an oidlieirp dlieirean-
naich : mo mhuilicheann a bhogadli
aim an allt sa bith air an robh beo
a's marbh a' dol seachad. Rinn mi
seo, cbaidli mi dbacbaidli, as cbaidii
mi 'laidlic. Cbuir mi mo mbuiiiclicann
fliiicb fo mo cbeann agus mi 'n dull
gu'm bruadairicbinn air ailleag air
chor-eigin ; acb clia do bbriiadair, agus
air dbomb eiridb 'sa' mhaduinn bba mi
"sgith, trom, airtneulacb."
Nis a Gbaidbeil ionmbuinn db'innis
mi dbiiit mar dh'eiricb dbomb oidbcbe
sbambna. Db' fbeucb mi gacb ni
airson fios fbaigbinn air ciod an seorsa
mnatba bba mbanadb orm, acb cba d'
fbuair mi am fios sin ; agus ciod a
ni mi ? Cba bu mbatb learn a bbi na
mo sbeann fbleasgacb, agus sin gu b-
araid o'n tba 'n seau-fbocal ag radb
"gur fada bu cboir dol a db'fluiichin
fear nacb fbaigbeadbbcan." Tlicagamli
gu'm faigbinn-se te, acb 'se 'm mi-
shealbh a bb'orm riabb — an te a
gheohhainn cha ghabhai/in. Bba mi 'n
toir air iomadb te, acb de dbeth sin,
cha ghabbadb iad mi. An nis a
Gbaidbeil sbuairce tuigeas tu-fein mo
staid, a's tbeagarab gu'n cur tbu focal
matb as teacb air mo slion ri aon dc na
b-oigbean maiseacb a tba leugbadb do
GnAiDiiEAL. Ma gbeobb tbu eolas
air te a sbaoileas tu 'tbaitneas rium,
abair ritbe gur anu innte-se tha 'n eis,
's nacb ann annam-sa ; 's ma shaoileas
tu gu'm bi i coma-co-dbiii, abair, mar
tliuirt Uilleam Ros.
Nach ciiis gbrain agus mbi-tlioirt
Seann nighean gun sgiamb,
'N a briogaid gun mbiagli,
'S nacb iarrair a pog!
Bi' 'b-aodann air casadh,
Bi' 'fait air fas liatb,
Bi cam-cbar 'n a bial
A's fiar char 'n a sroin ;
Wfian sJie'll lohiite and irpine
Clia bbi loinn tuille dli' i,
Not a kiss a gbeobb is' —
She II be meas cumanta,
Gun cbeile, gim leannan,
Gun teallach, gun tuai*,
'N a seasg-cbaillicb tbruaigh,
Fo smuairean, 's fo bbron !
Na di-cbuimhnich m' atbcbuinge'.
Seall njo dhealbb do the sa bitb leis anc
miannacb fbaicinn ! Cuir seo 'sa
Gbaidbeal ; agus, creid gur mi do_
cliaraid seasmbach
Mac-Dhomhnuill Duibh.
Uig, XL Mios, 1872.
SGRIOS NAM PIOCACH.
Bno Aon AS Macaonai^, Craoiteak,
SMEARCLEIT, UlST- a'-ChINN-A'-DeAS.
[Sgriobbta le Alasdair G. MacGille-
Mbicbeil, air an 13mb la de cbeud
mbios na bliadbna, 18G5,]
Bha uigb aig Rigb Coinneacb cuir
as do na Piocacb. Sbuidhicb e iomadh.
doigb air an sgrios, acli cba deacbaidh
leis. Bba a mhac dombain 'sa' cbeann
agus sbuidbicb easan agus an greigbear
doigb cbum an sgrios, o na db' f bairt-
licb iad eir 'atbair.
Agus b'i seo an doigb — " Falbh
thus" orsa mac an Rigb ris a ghrcigh-
car " agus abair ris an iasgair tois-
eachadh air iasgacb a' bbradain agus
feannabuilg a dhianadb air a' chuile
gin a gbeobh e agus na biain a tboirt
thugamsa." Thug an greigbear seachad
an t-ordugb a fbuair e, agus rinn
an t-iasgair mar a sliireadh air, agus
thug e biain nam bradan gu ciiramach
adh ionnsuidb mac an Righ.
Rinn an sin mac an Righ agus an
greighear deise le biain nam bradan,
agus bba an deise fuatbasach iongan-
tacb.
Bha i coltach ris na luiricbeann
aigileanach uallacb (? dualacb) a bbith-
eadh eir laoicb o shean, ri am cath a's
combraig. Ruigeadb i shuas gu mul-
lacb a chinn, agus shios gu sail nam
boun !
Daa Mios a' Gheamhraidh, 1S72.
AN GAIDHEAL.
267
Bha lais us l«inneireac soills' aist
nar bhoillsge bogha nan speur, a's
(ihealradh i 'san oidhche dhùdarra
gheamhraidh mar dhealan air beinn an
fheidh.
I Chuir High Coinneacli a sin fios a
mach fad agus farsuinnfeadh Alba thun
pan diucanan, iarlacban, agus tighear-
ban, tigbinn a chumail cuirm agus
cuideacbd ris, mar onair dha-fbein,
agus mar tboileacbadb dLiaibbsean, aig
feotbas an treuntais agns an gaisge, ri
linn bbitb 'cur as dha na Piocaicb.
Tbainig na h-urracba mora agus rinn-
eadb cuirm mbor, mhor, eir an coin-
Sgeadaicb an greigbear e-f bein anns
an deise bboisgeanta a rinneadb eir
bian nam bradan/ 'Nuair a bba na b-
uaillsean 'n an suidbe aig an dinnteir
cbaidb e tbun uinneig an Rigb agus
sbeid e 'n trombaid, agus gbLaodb e le
gutb ard, " A Rigli Cboinnicb, sgrios
na Piocaicb ! cuir as daibb ! na fag
anara beo dbiu. Is mise teacbdaire
'tbainig a nuas o neamb leis an teacbd-
aireachd seo tbugad-sa agus bitbidb mi
nis a tilleadb a suas an taobb a tbainig
mi." Slieall na b-uaiilsean eir an
Rigb agus eir cacba cbeilc, agus sbeall
an Rigb orra, acb cba d' tbuirt duine
diog. Labbair a sin mac an Rigb agus
tbuirt e, "Nacb coir coimbead a macb
fiacb coid e"m fuath tba siod, no fiacb
coid e is matbas dba." " Is coir coimb-
ead a macb gu dearbb " orsa na
h-urracba mora. Nuair a sbealladb a
mach bha an greigbear a suas ri aghaidb
na beinne mu cboineamb taigh an Rigb.
Dbearc'ad air gus an deach e as an
sealladh. Thill iad a sin is taigh. " Tba
siod fior gu leoir a Rigb Cboinnicb. Tba
aingeal o neamb a siod gu beucaidb.
Toisich thus air na Piocaicb agus bitbidb
sinne leat agus cha'n fbag sinn Piocach
beo an Albainn."
Sgaoil na h-urracba mora dacbaidh
a chruinneachdadh an cuid sluaigb agus
airm. Tbainig iad adb ionnsuidh an
Righ le'n coisridhj le'n eachraidh
agus le 'm marcraidb. Shin iad fhein
agus an Rigb a sin air na Piocaicb
gus nacb d'fhagadh Piocach beo
as an deogbaidb an Albainn. — Sin an
sgrios mu dbeireadh a thugadh eir na
Piocaicb.
NAIDHEACHDAN.
Bhrist teine macb ann am Boston, a
rinn mor chall araon do bbeatha dhaoine
agus do cheannacbd. Cba mu'n cuairt
do ochd ciad taigh a' losgadh — a chuid
bu mho dhiubb, taighean maileirt. 'S
gann gu'n deach roineag chloimhe fha-
gail am baile Ehoston, gun losgadh. Ni
rao a cba brogan (no leathar gu an
deanamb) fbagail. Ged a cba na h-
urrad de thaighean a' losgadh, cba
robh acb mu'n cuairt do dha chiad
pearsa gun dacbaidh an deigh an teine
— oir, mar a dh' ainmich sinn 'siad na
b-aitean maileirt a cba 'm milleadh.
Cba, aig a chuid a's lugba, luach ceithir
fichead muillean dollair airgid a chall !
Cba sluagh a chiurradh an la roimhe,
aig Bail'-Eoghainn faisg air Inbhir-
feotbarainn le da charbad iaruinn a
bhuail a cheile. Cha deach gin a
mharbhadb,ach cbabcag'ancbnainibean
a bhristeadh. Gu sealbbacb^ bha leigb-
ich air a' charbad aig an am, agus
chleachde'eolasguduineil — niachoisinn
da mor chliu o gach neach. Cba bu
luaithe "'cho-bbuair' na carbaid na
chuireadh dealan-fbios do Inbhirnis a
dh'innseadh an tubaist. Gun uin a chall
cha carbad Ian lucbd oibreach a chur gu
Bail'-Eoghainn, agus cha b' fhada
'bhathas ag cur gach ni 'n a aite fein.
Bitbidb ar liicbd-leughaidb toil-
ichte cbluinntinn gu'm bheil am fior
Gbaidheal Alasdair Mac-Neacail, am
fear lagba, a' dol a dh' fbagail Dhun-
Eidin do aite na's fearr da. Tba fios
aig ar leughadairean cheana, air cho
measail 'sa tba e air a' Ghailig; agus
gun teagamb bi deagh chuimbne aca
air " Ruatbar Mhic-Mhuirich," eadar- ■
theangaichte leis-san, agus clo-bbuailte
268
AN GATDHEAL.
Dara Jlios a' Glieamhraidh,l872.
'sa' cLoigeamh aireamh de'n Ghaidii-
EAL. Tha c dol do shiorramaclid
Kirkcudbright, gu dreucbd moran as
tairbhiche na 'dhreuchd an Dun-Eidin.
'Se Mac-Neacail a shuidh an uiridh 'sa'
chatliair aig coinncamli bhliadhnail nan
Gaidbeal, an Grianaig, 's air deireadb
oran a cba dbcanamb air son an aobbair,
blia'n rann sec :
" 'Si ar durachd do Mbac-Neacail,
Gu'u ruig e dhacbaidh gu sabbailt;
Tba ar suil ri 't'baicinn fbatbasd
'Na sbuidbe an catbar is airde."
Tba e gu "suidbe an catbar is airde"
gun dail, agus tba sinn cinnteacb gu'm
bbeil dcagb-dburacbd gacb Gaidbeal
maille ris.
Mar cbitbeadb ar lucbd-leugbaidb
0 litir a' " Ghille Dliuibb " 'san
aii'eamb mu dbeireadb de'n Gbaidb-
eal, tha Gaidbeil Gbrianaig a' stri ri
ComunnGaidhealacii a cbur suas anns
a' bbaile sin. Gun teagamb sa bitb
bbiodb e gle iomcliuidb gu'm biodb ni-
eigin de'n t-seorsa ann am baile anns
am bbeil na b-urrad de'r lucbd-dutbcba
ri Grianaig : cba'n e nibain gu'm bbeil
e ioracbuidh, acb gu'm bbeil e nair nacb
robb e ann o cbionn fbada. Air an
aobbar sin, tba sinn an dòcbas gu'm bi
comunn maiseacb Gaidbealacb an Gria-
naig gun dail, agus nacb bi na Gaidbeil
dearmadacb air fritbealadb air anns
gacb duigb 'n an comas.
Cba an long a' '■'■Forest chief' a
Halifax a cball air eilean lie. Bba i (\
tigbinn a America Ian de gbràn Im-
seanacb, do cbcann tuatb Eirinn. Bia
i air a' luasgadb leis an stoirm gbailbl-
eacb fad na sligbe a' tigbinn ; acb ar
d'i bbi gu malb air a b-agbaidh troimh
na cbuan Eirinneacb, cba i dhetb a
sail, cba' lucbd troimh-cbeile, 's laidb e
air taobb an fbasgatb air mbodb
agus gur gann a gheobbadb a sail
greim ged bbiodb e fiatbacb. Fbuair
a sgioba uile — acb aon fbear — air tir.
Ged bba iad air dbrocb gbreigbeadb,
fbuair iad gacli corabnadb an *' eilean
glas an fbeoir," agus a sin cbaidb iad
do Liverpool.
Bba 'n cruinneacbd anabarracb tair-
bbeacb an America air a' bbliadbna seo
— a' leitbid de bbarr cba cbuimbneach
leinn, eadbon da cbiad a's da-f bicbead
muillean buiseil.
Tba'n aimsir gle cbaocblaideach
daonnan — tbeagamb raaduinn gbrian-
acb, bblatli, a's uisge 'm anmocb ; no
lianagaicb sbneacbda 'sa' mbaduinn
a's aiteamb am oidbcbe. Tba'n cruin-
ncacb daor ; tba mbin bbo ocbd tastain
diag a's sia sgillinn gu nota 'm bolla.
Tba pris mbor air feudail a's meanbh-
cbrodb. Tba'n fbeoil fuatbasacb daor
— cbo daor agus gu'm bbeil moran 's
na bailtean nacb eil comasacb air a
faigbinn idir. Tba'n gual cbo daor
agus gu'm bbeil mor fbarmad aig
muinntir nam bailtean ris an fbeadh-
ainn aig am bbeil pailteas moinc air
an diitbaicli.
NUADH ORAN.
Air a dbeanamb Do Eiridb a macb America, le Dunncbadb Ceanaldeacb
Maigbistirsgoil 'am Meileart.
Luinneag
Hem 0 lil o lil lio ro bi,
Hera 0 lil 0 lil bo ro bi,
Hem 0 lil o lil bo ro bi,
Gur coma ro cboma leam cogadb no sitb.
'S c cogadb dubb, deuracb, na b-eiridb a macb,
A tbòisicb gun aobbar cbum daoine 'sgatb as,
Air an t-seacbdamb-ceud-deug do INIbac Dbe 'tbigb'nn a flath,
Ccitbir deug 'us tri ficbcad air imeacbd a seacb.
Gheamhraidh, 1872.
AN GAIDHEAL. 2G9
Eadar Mòr Bhreatunn 's America thall,
Mu chisean beag eigin a dh' fheuraadh an t-arm,
A choimhead a sith-thaimh 's gach tir a ta ann,
'S a chomhrag nan Innseanach dhionadh an ceann.
Cha-n iochdadh na h-ioclulrain ud cisean no cain,
Ach bhitheadh iad neo-cheangailt' ri Sasunn 's ri 'gnatb,
A reachd no ceart-cboir-sa cba deonaicbt'gu brutb,
A dbionadb 's a cbòmbrag a' cboir ann an Uximb.
Bu tair leis an uacbdaran uasal, an Eigb,
'S le' cbomhuirlicb uile nacb buidbinnt' a' cbis ;
Ged nacb robb i gu sta-san, no db' aracb na riogb'cbd,
Acb cbum am maitb fein, ged nacb b' leir dhoibb a brigb.
An sin cbuir a Mboracbd dream f bogbkiimte nunn,
Gu sitb-reite a cblosdadb 'us cordadb air suira,
A bbitb'db gu'm maitb fein 's nacb èignicbt' tbar tuinn,
Acb db'aicbein na b-eucoraicb, 's db' eigb combrag ruinn.
An tratb nacb robb againn acb catbacb' no call,
An diitbaicb mbor agbrabor, 's na pbaigb sinn d' a ceann,
'Se rogbnuicb sinn eiridli, o'n b'cigin bba ann,
'S gu'ra faiceadb na reubalaicb eucbdan ar lann.
An cuaLa riamb combrag na's bronaicb na tb'ann,
'N tratb b' eigin do Dbeors' dol a stroicimli a chlann,
Rinn an dion ann a cbleit anns gacb greadan o naimb
'S a thug eideadb 'us Ion doibb 'n tratb b'og' 'us a b' fhann.
O an-iochd nam Frangacb cbaidh 'n dion anns gacb cruas,
O Spainticb, o Gbiosaicb, 'so Innscanaich ruadb' ;
Cbaidb an sitb 'us an saorsa a sliaoradb le buaidb,
Ged a cbaidb an claonadb gu baotbail gu fuatb.
Acb db'fbas iadsan uaibbreacb, 'us uailleil a 'n stor,
'8 an cridbe niear, reauibar, le gean agus sogb ;
Air cbor 's gu'n do cbuiticb le dùracbd an dorn,
Do mbatbair an diitbcba, a cbuinn doibb an t-or.
'S ann a db'f baodar an donas a cboimeas gu leir,
Ris a' mbac struitbeacb òlnibor bu gbòracb 'na bbeus ;
Ged bu mbuirneacb diia 'atbair le b-aidbear 'us speis,
Cba-n fbogbnadb sud dbasan acb a pborsan dba t'bòin.
'N tratb sbluig' a mbi-stuamacbd o'n truagban a mliaoin,
Tbug gainne agus dolum dba eolas maraon,
Air easumblacbd dbasan a db' hraicb e maotb,
'S a tbaisbein dba grks gu ro gbairdeacbail, caomb.
Ghrad tbeicb e gu 'atbair gun spionnadb gun treoir,
'Nuair bba e 'dol bas anns an fbasacb gun Ion ;
Am broineagan groda 'na eillbireacb broin,
'S a' toirmeasg a cbantainn a mbac dbe na's mo.
Tbuit an t-iompaicbte truagb ann an luaitbre air an fbeur,
A' guil 'us a' caoineadli 's b'e aogasg an t-eug;
Ag aidmbeacb a dbòbbearta mora gu leir
'S ag guidbeadb lan-mbaitbeanais, 's gealladb nacb treig.
270 AN GAIDHEAL. x)an> M.,V 0>.ea...,dMS7.
S amhail sin 's mar a tharlas do'n ghraiag ud fa dheoidh,
Ge h-uaiblireach ro statoil an tabhachd 's an treoir;
Feith, 'us chitear iad fliathasd a' gal 'us a' bron,
Air son gach mor thruaighe thug uaill ann an coir.
Nach iomadh ceud curaidh thug cuiridhnean ard,
Do'n bhuidhinn an-fbcile nach toilleadh a bhaigh ;
Gu tighinn fo fiiasgath am brataich 'us tamh,
O dhortadh na fohi, "s bhi tairis an saimh ?
Nach cruaidhean cridhe, gun tiomachadh riamh,
'S blii 'faicinn an daoine nan slaod air gach sliabh ;
'S gun truas aig an cairdean do'n arahghar o chian,
O'n chaidh an truailieadh le fuath 'us drocli mhiann?
Nach amaideach, gorach, an doigh air an d' fhas,
lad cairdeach ri'n naimhdean, 's nach ann air an gradh ;
A tha iad 'g an comhnadh gach lo' anns a' bhlar,
Ach chum 'us gu'n deonaicht' dhoibh coir ann an ail' ?
Nach lionmhor an truaighe o'n ghluais iad a mach,
Tha 'm fearann gun bharr, 'us tha'n tain 'gan sgath' as ;
An treudan 'nan spoHaibh aig oigridh nam Hath,
'S gun eideadh no comhdach tha 'n ton anns a' chath?
Cha-n'eil luibh ann an achadh, no 'machair, no 'm beinn,
Bha eifeachdacli, fallan, an galar no'n tinn.
Nach deachaidh a tliachdadh, 's a chasgairt gun fhoinn,
O'n thoisich a' charraid le gasraidh na foill.
Chaidh toradli na coille an gainnead gu leir,
'Us thoirleura gu làr ann an ciiirahaig 's nan ceir,
Cliaidh ceairdean, 'us malairt, 'us ceannachd gun fheum
'Us miltean a chreachadh 'bha gaisgeil gu heuchd.
Ged thug iad 'n an triuir uainne diibhlain nan lann,
'S ged fliuirneisich Duidsich dhoibh fudar nach gann ;
Cha gheill sinn, ach buaidhichidh suas thar an ceann,
'S mar cliomhar' buaidh-laraich bithidh liiblirais ri crann.
Tha n ionmhas 'g a trà'ihadh gach la do na sloigh,
Tha coimhead na Uirach 's o ghàbhadh thigh'nn oirnn ;
Ach chi sinn an la nach aidhearach gleois,
Luchd dhusgaidii na tuaireip, 's cha truagh leinn an dcoir.
An tsùil a ni faiioid, air 'athair caomh fiiin,
'S tha 'tabhairt da mhailiair gach tiiir 'us mi-gheill,
Ni filliicli an fhasaich an cràdh' as a cheil',
'S na h-iolairean oga dhiubh Ion agus beidh.
Mhallaich an alhair, 's cha d' bhcannaich iad riamh,
Am mathair a dh' fliòir air an dòlum gach iall ;
Ann am fradharc cho ard 's nach b' aill leo an riar,
O'n dh' fhas iad ro làidir air tailleandi namh fial.
Fhuair gionach 'us sannt ann an cridheachaibh cruaidh,
'S nacli toilislit' gu briith iad na 's mo na 'n uaigh ;
A dh' fliàsas nis torrach cur chorpaibh an t-sluaigh,
'S gheibh a'cldarsicli 's am foghnan, 's an ros caithream buaidh.
{Gu bhi air a leantainn 'san ath aireamh.)
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT.
DECEMBER, 1872.
GAELIC LORE.
Whilst we are keenly alive to the
rights and interests of the Gaelic race,
and ready at all times to do battle with
those who traduce or contemn our
people, we are also solicitous that
Highlanders should manfully discharge
the duties Avhich they owe to the rest
of mankind. Celtic mind has shone,
no doubt, in every department of
thought, as certainly as Celtic vigour
and skill have accomplished their fair
share of the physical work of the
world ; but we are self-abasing enough
to confess that, of the purely charac-
teristic products of Celtic genius, which
are in an especial degree incorporated
with the Gaelic language, compara-
tively little V^s as yet been contributed
to the common stock of human know-
ledge. Every intelligent Highlander
knows that, whether we refer to the facts
or the ideas, the philosophy or the
fancy, or limit our thoughts to the
mere etymology of the language, there
is a vast amount of treasure among us,
from want of which pliilologists, ar-
cha3ologists, historians, ethnologists, and
sociologists are at a loss. Numbers of
these builders of science and philosophy
are looking across the mountains and
the seas to the Highlands of Scotland,
to Ireland, to the Isle of Man, and to
"Wales, but particularly to those who
speak the Gaelic language, for assist-
ance which Celts alone can afford.
This is an important fact in the high
intellectual commerce of men ; and
although it may be somewhat depress-
ing to think that we have been so
remiss in times past, as in any measure
to neglect this part of our work, it is
encouraging to those who have struggled
against an evil anti- Celtic current of
tliought, to find that their countrymen
are so much looked up to in the world
of intellect. One of the most common
reproaches with which Highlanders
were wont to be assailed was, that
there was nothing of value in the
language which they spoke. It did
not matter much that this allegation
was made by persons altogether incom-
petent to pronounce a worthy opinion
on the subject, the opinion was all the
more positively asserted, that it was
becomingly fortified by the most obdu-
rate ignorance. It has repeatedly
struck us as very remarkable that
persons should so often feel themselves
competent to pronounce judgment in
Celtic matters, even when their own
ignorance was most palpable. As if
the Goth should say, "I know nothing
about the matter, therefore there is
notiiing in it." There is a very
important question connected with this
assumption, to which we may, at some
future time, call attention. How did
this assumption arise? Was it a mere
intellectual mistake, or a criminal
policy? A curious example of the
potency of this assumption occurred in
the leadino; columns of the Scotsman,
when the Irish Land Question was under
discussion, some time previous to the
passing of Mr Gladstone's great Land
Act. The Scotsman editor has long
been notorious for his furiously hostile
feelings towards Irish Celts, as well as
towards Highlanders ; and at that time
he was violently opposed to anything
272
THE GAEL.
Dec, 1872. j
being done to modify for the better a
system of land occupancy, wliich was
rapidly desolating the country. So,
when hard pressed by certain Scotch-
men, who spoke from personal know-
ledge of Ireland, tlie editor carried out
the assumption of which we have been
speaking, the length of saying, that
personal knowledge of Irish affairs was
a positive disqualification. This, of
course, was only saying, in his own
way, what numbers of others had felt.
It must, however, have been accepted
by the Scotsman and his clients, as a re-
markable evidence of the perverseness
of the human mind — of the law-making
mind in particular — that the House of
Commons, with Mr Gladstone at its
head, acted on the opiniohs of those
qualified by personal knowledge, rather
thanuponthesuperior judgment of those
far reaioved from the force of facts.
This is more than a curiosity : it should
be a warning to those who fortify
themselves in their strongholds of pre-
judice and ignorance, and should make
them a little less confident of the power
of the assumption before us. They
may, like the Scotsman, have to bow
down before the hard and unpalatable
facts, wlicn the submission will be a
humiliation and a reproach. Better for
them to think beforehand, even if they
should have to acknowledge the force
of facts, and bow to reason rather than
in ignoble defeat. Just as certainly as
the opinionistson the Irish Land Ques-
tion had to bow before the obnoxious
facts, so will the contemners of High-
landers, their speech and their polity,
have to give way to the force of facts
already acknowledged by the most
enlightened men in Europe.
It is in reference to these facts that
Highlanders are now called upon to
gather up all their lore ; to stereotype
for distant and future generations the
thoughts which glowed in the bosoms
of their forefathers ; to preserve their
speech from decay ; and to let the wide
world have the benefit of the "light of
other days,'' which that speech alone is
able to shed upon other languages, his-
tories, and peoples. Highlanders must
essay a suitable response to these de-
mands ; and, in order to do this, there
must be some recognized organization.
Highlanders must come to an under-
standing as to what it is exactly that
they are to contribute to the general
stock of knowledge. They must map
out the field from which they are to
reap, and they must look for the
reapers, and assign to each, if possible,
his own work.
This is work, it will be seen at once,
worthy of philosophers and of patriots.
It will be a great part of the vindica-
tion of the Celtic character which they
owe to themselves. And, in labouring
to confer benefits upon others, we shall
be doing something towards removing
that self-esteem of our people, from the
depression of which, more than from
anything else in themselves, they have
fallen behind in the world's march.
After being so often and for so long
told that they were of no value, and
that their chief mental possessions were
drags upon them, it must have an en-
couraging eflTect upon them to be told
that they and those possessions are
valued by the most competent judges.
They are an important portion of the
human family ; their ideas are valuable,
their imaginings, even, are in requisi-
tion, and the world waits until their
speech sheds its light on the path of
human progress. In a thousand ways
will these convictions put fresh energy
into their hands, and send commercial
life through the Gaelic communities of
the north. A very large proportion of
our duty to ourselves is pertbrmed im-
mediately towards others. We sow
the seed, in the shape of duty, in other
men, and the fruits fall, in course of
time, ripe into our own laps.
To the curious, to the leisurely, to
the intellectual all over the Highlands,
THE GAEL.
273
we would appeal, to gather up the lore
which lies thick as autumn leaves
around them, and help us as a people
to discharge the duty, and sow the par-
ticular seed of which we write. No
doubt there are difficulties in the way.
One of the results of the systematic
repression of everything Highland has
been that the poor people shrink from
acknowledging what they know, and
from exposing themselves to the ridi-
cule of their more egotistical neighbours.
Hence, tlie secretiveness which every
collector of sgeulachdan has found barr-
ing his access to the Highland mind.
And what has been induced by fear of
the ridicule of the profane has been
strengthened ])y the denunciations of
some of the clergy. From Carswell
downwards, numbers of the most re-
vered among our Highland ministers
have denounced as sinful the practice
of devoting to sgeulachd, the time due
to religious duties. This gave a kind
of religious sanction to the criminal
philosophy invented by the enemies of
the Gael, for their own selfish purposes.
Hence, in a great number of instances,
it is only by stratagem, that the best
repositories can be got at. But things
Lave materially altered : among the
most able and zealous advocates of
the claims of everything distinctively
Celtic, we are now able to class num-
bers of our Highland clergy of diflfer-
ent churches. The ban of the church
may be said to have been removed,
when Dr MacLauchlan, Dr Clerk, Mr
Stewart, Mr Mackenzie, Mr Cameron,
Mr Ross, Mr Blair, and numbers of
others come forward to recommend the
study of Gaelic literature. The devo-
tion of these men to the inspired "Word
of God has only intensified and ele-
vated their appreciation of the treasures
which God has oifered to the world
through the medium of the Celtic mind.
Notwithstanding the opposition pro- !
voked, at the time, by Macpherson's 1
Ossianic publications, they set in motion i
a regular succession of influences which
Mammon has not been able to stop. A
striking eflfect appears in Scandinavia, as
we write : the second Oscar ascends the
throne of Sweden. Napoleon the Great
carried the Highland poems of Ossian
about with him as if they afforded him
the higliest models. Bernadotte called
his own son after Ossian's son, and he
again gave the same name to his son,
now Oscar ! These poems have over
and over again been translated into
French. >So they have into Italian and
other languages ; and, as we mentioned
in our October issue, Signer Priolo, an
Italian artist, has, as he says himself,
discovered in Ossian a rich mine for
pictorial illustration, and he has set
about working the mine. AVe wish him
success. Dr White, of Waterford, a
professor of music, has adapted Comala
for the stage, producing a beautiful
opera, with airs, and pictorial scenery.
"We hope to be able to make fuller
reference to Dr White's version of
Comala in another issue. Mr Camp-
bell, of Islay, has, by his labours, placed
our most simple tales on a level with
those which the Brothers Grimm have
rescued from decay in other lands ; and
whilst he has himself saved a large
mass of matter from oblivion, he has
raised, as we may say, the market value
of what has yet to be gathered, and en-
couraged others in the same work.
But we have outrun our space ; and
all we shall say further is, " Let our
Gaelic friends do their duty to them-
selves and to other races, by rescuing,
as quickly as possible, those treasures
which will prove a gain to others, and
a credit to themselves."
THE PLACE OF THE CELTIC.
(From a forthcoming work, entitled a
" Survey of the Celtic Languages,"
by the Rev. William Ross, F.S. A.S.)
If we cast our eye over a linguistic
map of the world, we cannot fail to
274
THE GAEL.
Dec, 1871.
note that there exists a vast number of
languages, and that all of them have
certain geographical relations to each
other. AYe are not warranted to con-
clude that because of their proximity to
each other, they are on that account so
intimately related as to be one in struc-
ture or form — one in the materials of
which they are composed, nor yet one
in the sense of a common progeny, with
diverse lineaments, owning a common
parentage. Such a conclusion can only
be arrived at on scientific grounds when
the science of language shall have
attained its majority, and the languages
of earth have been analysed and com-
pared. A careful and accurate study
of any one form of speech will lead us
to see, that, although the great bulk of
the language may consist of materials
of native growth and character, yet a
considerable portion is to be traced to
the incursion of materials that are of a
mixed character — some bearing marks
of a kindred, and some clearly of a
foreign extraction. If we extend our
inquiries to several languages, we obtain
precisely similar results. The farther
we extend our survey the more likely
are Ave to obtain large and reliable data
upon which to found a safe induction.
A tolerably accurate survey of the lan-
guages which abound on the face of the
earth has led to the discovery of three
extensive groups or families of lan-
guages, each family having its own
native character, qualities, and genius.
These are the Aryan or Indo-European,
the Semitic, and the Turanian or AUo-
phyllian languages. How far these
families arc, if at all^ related to each
other, the future of our science must
show. The question is foreign to our
present inquiry. It is enough for us to
know that the Celtic language possesses
characteristics wliich enable us to fix
its place in the Aryan or Indo-European
family. It cannot be without interest
to us to inquire how, and by whom, it
was discovered that our language had
its legitimate place among the Aryan
tongues. The discovery was not made
by any merely Gaelic or Cymric scholar.
Our native scholars, with one notable
exception, the distinguished Edward
Lhuyd, the author of the " Archasologia
Britannica," were busily engaged for
many years in endeavouring to prove
an intimate connection between the
Celtic languages and the Semitic family.
In the early stages of philological
studies, most linguists laboured long
and diligently to show that their native
tongue was the primeval speech, or at
all events closely allied to it. Our
Celtic scholars were no exception to
the general rule. It is but just to the
memory of Lhuyd, our first and perhaps
greatest Celtic scholar, to observe that
in his " British Etymologicon, " he
clearly pointed out the affinity between
the Celtic and such Indo-European
languages as in his time attracted the
attention of learned men. It is possible
that an intimate connection may yet be
found to subsist between the Aryan and
Semitic families ; and if so, the Celtic
may perform no mean service to the
inquiries that shall issue in this result.
The efforts of our native philologists
were at the time, to a large extent,
labour in vain. The discovery that
helped to place the Celtic in its right
position was that of the Sanscrit lan-
guage, which took place in the year
1808. Previous to that year, it was
generally supposed that there was an
absolute distinction in race and lan-
guage between the inhabitants of Hin-
dostan and the East, and those of
Europe and the West. In that year
the supposed distinction was abolished.
It was discovered that the Sanscrit,
though dead for upwards of two thou-
sand years, was the direct source of all
the principal modern dialects of the
Hindoos, while it, moreover, presented
the closest aflinities to the language of
Persia and the chief languages of
Europe. Sir William Jones, the dis-
THE GAEL.
275
tinguished founder of the Asiatic So-
ciety, was the first to point out the
probable connection which might be
found to exist between the Celtic and
the languages of the East. In a paper
contained in the first volume of the
"Asiatic Researches" (p. 442), he says,
" The Sanscrit language, whatever may
be its antiquity, is of a wonderful
structure : more perfect than the Greek,
more copious than the Latin, and more
exquisitely refined than either, yet
bearing to both of them a stronger
affinity, both in the roots of verbs and
in the forms of grammar, than could
have been produced by accident; so
strong that no philologer could examine
all the three without believing them to
have sprung from some common source,
which, perhaps, no longer exists. There
is a similar reason, though not quite so
forcible, for supposing that both the
Gothic and the Celtic, though blended
with a different idiom, had the same
origin with the Sanskrit. The old
Persian may be added to the same
family."
The next in order who secured the
attention of scholars to a consideration
of the question was Dr Pritchard, the
celebrated author of a work " On the
Varieties of the Human Race." We can-
not value too highly the service which
he rendered to the Celtic language by
the publication in 1832 of his Avork on
'^The Eastern Origin of the Celtic
' Nations." He says — " It will more
\ evidently appear, if I am not mistaken,
I that from the Celtic dialects a part of
the grammatical inflections, and that a
very important part, common to the
} Sanscrit, the Eolic Greek, the Latin,
and the Teutonic languages, are
capable of an elucidation which
they have never yet received." The
line of evidence followed by Dr Px'it-
chard, and the materials produced,
were of such a character, and in
such quantity, as to satisfy the most
sceptical that the Celtic must find its
place in the numerous cluster of
speeches embraced by the Indo-Euro-
pean tongues. The forty years that
have elapsed since the publication of
his work have only helped to confirm
the position he had taken up, and
largely to add to the evidence submit-
ted by him. To his labours we are
indebted for the first rational and
scientific investigation as to the origin,
place, and relations of the Celtic lan-
guages. The study of the Celtic now
received a new impetus, and in the
right direction. A singularly clear
comprehensive, and scholarly review
of Dr Pritchard's book, by the late
Rev. Richard Garnett, of the British
Museum, in the British Quarterly Re-
view for September, 1836, and valuable
articles on the languages and Dialects
of the British Islands, by the same au-
thor, in the first and second volumes of
the " Proceedings of the Philological
Society of London," thoroughly con-
firmed Dr Pritchard's conclusions, and
supplied fresh and valuable materials,
which rendered conviction irresistible.
" Till lately," says Mr Garnett, speak-
ing of the Celtic dialects, " they
were supposed by various emi-
nent scholars to form a class apart,
and to have no connection whatever
with the great Indo-European stock.
This was strongly asserted by Colonel
Vans Kennedy, and also maintained,
though in rather more guarded terms,
by Bopp, Pott, and Schlegel. The
researches of Dr Pritchard in the
"Eastern Origin of the Celtic Nations,"
and of Professor Pictef, of Geneva, in
his truly able work " Sur I'Affinite des
Langues Celtiques avec le Sanscrit,"
may be considered as having settled
the question the other way, and as
proving satisfactorily that the assertion
of thephilologistsabovementionedjwere
those of persons who had never pro-
perly investigated the matter, and were
consequently incompetent to decide
upon it. The demoustratioa of Pictet
276
THE GAEL.
is so complete that the German
scholars, who had previously denied
the connection, now fully admit it, and
several of them have written elaborate
treatises showing more affinities be-
tween Celtic and Sanscrit than perhaps
really exist." (Philological Essays, p.
147.) The result of the publication of
the works of Dr Pitchard and Pro-
fessor Pictet were of the most satisfac-
tory character, and finally established
the position of the Celtic as one of the
Aryan tongues. At the same time, it
must be conceded that several very
striking coincidences between the Cel-
tic and the Hebrew have been pointed
out, while it is undeniable that the
evidence hitherto adduced in support
of the great mass of alleged resem-
blances is unsatisfactory, and, in not a
few instances, entirely illusory.
The Celtic language possesses for us
not merely a general, but a special and
deep patriotic interest. It was among
the first, if not the very earliest, to part
company with its kindred, and to re-
move from the ancient fatherland. It
was among the first to furnish names
for the beetling cliffs, towering bens,
shaded valleys, flowing streams, wind-
ing pathways, and thriving homesteads,
of the continent of Europe — names
which may even yet be distinguished
as underlying the superficial deposits
of Teutonic, Romanic, and Slavonic
designations. Its vocabulary also sup-
plied no small number of the terms that
describe the social relations, and the
arts of husbandry and war. As the
parent imparts his lifeblood to his off-
spring, and the pioneer the results and
value of his discoveries to his succes-
sors, so did the Celtic tribes hand over
their treasures to those who tracked
their footsteps and took possession of
their lands and homes. These coura-
geous and numerous tribes formed the
van and centre in the great exodus of
the European nations from their home
in the East. They were impinged upon
by the Teutons on the North, by the
Greeks and Romans on the South,
while they were pushed forward by the
lower Teutonic, Windic, and Illyric
tribes, which took up the rear. The pres-
sure of these various migrations drove
the Celts to the West, and their further
advance was for a time stopped by the
Atlantic ocean, and their colonisation,
by the occupancy of Great Britain and
Ireland.
COHHESPOHDENCE.
Sir, — I hear that the Rev. Archd.
Farquharson is trying to stir up the
Highland people to make an efitort to
establish a Gaelic professorship in one
of our Scottish Universities. It is high
time that areally serious effort were made,
and every true Highlander will wish
Mr Farquharson God-speed, and hope
that his efforts will meet with the most
brilliant success. And it is to be hoped
that such success will be the means of
rescuing the Gaelic language from the
contempt in which it is too frequently
held by so many of those of whom
better might have been expected.
If we contrast the conduct of the
Welsh people in regard to their lan-
guage and the conduct of the High-
landers in regard to theirs, I am afraid
the contrast willnotredound tothecredit
of the latter. The Welsh, although
away from their own country for years,
ay, and even for several generations,
in Liverpool, London, or elsewhere,
teach their native language to their
children with a noble patriotism and
true fidelity. Many Highlanders, on
the contrary, even when residing in
their own country, and amongst a Gaelic
speaking people, if they think them-
selves in any way better than their
neighbours, seem (with the most con-
temptible snobbishness) to consider it
I quite beneath their dignity to allow
their children to learn Gaelic, as if they
THE GAEL.
277
, considered the Gaelic people a con-
quered and subjugated race ; and a
most downtrodden and ill-used race they
undoubtedly are in many respects.
Even men whose chief claim to distinc-
j tion is derived from their knowledge of
Gaelic, have yet exhibited so much
contempt for the language from which
they derive their fame, as to deem it
quite unworthy of the trouble of teach-
ing it to their children. If such be the
example of men of learning and distinc-
tion what can you expect of mere
shoddy upstarts? How much of the
blame for this shameful state of matters
rests with the mitural leaders of the
people, the landlords ? — how much Avith
their hired leaders, the clergy ? — I will
not venture to say. This much we know,
that some of the ministers would evi-
dently be very glad to get rid of the
language altogether. And of the
landlords (with a few noble ex-
ceptions, such as the Duke of Athole,
Cluny Macpherson, and a few others)
how few of them know a single word
of the language of the people by whom
they are surrounded, or teach it to their
children ? Oh, but you will say, they
are too busy " preserving their game
and collecting their rents to think of
anything so contemptible as the
Gaelic!" And yet, forsooth, they
plume themselves on being chiefs and
leaders ! How can they be chiefs
among, or leaders to, a people with
whom they have so little sympathj', so
little in common, whose very language
they do not understand ? But surely,
notwithstanding much game and greed,
there are still some true patriots
amongst the landlords. And, I believe,
notwithstanding much indolence, tradi-
tional nai'vowness, Jaissezfaire, and even
snobbishness, there are many public-
spirited men amongst the clergy. But,
1 if not — if none of the so-called leaders
I will lead — why should not the people
take the matter up themselves, and, by
associatingtogether, stimulate each other
in true patriotism and in love of their
own beautiful language, bidding defi-
ance to all despisers and oppressors of
their country and language. Why
should there not be Gaelic societies in
all the Highland towns and villages like
the now flourishing one in Inverness?
I hope to see much good accrue to
the Gaelic from your valuable paper ;
mich also from a Gaelic professorship,
and even still more from the people
laking the matter up in a public-spirited
manner. Have they still patriotism
enough to do so ? — Yours very truly,
J. F.
London, Oct. 30, 1872.
A CHALLEXGE TO THE CLANS.
Shrewsbury,
13th November, 1872.
My Dear Sir,
Following up the offer I
made in a previous commuuication to you,
with regard to the proposed " GaeUc
Comparative Lexicon,'' four more Mackays
promise to contribute £20 towards it. I
can rely upon obtaining material assist-
ance from at least twenty more of the
same name, of my personal acquaintances.
Now for the members of other clan
names to come forward with their counten-
ance and support. " Who gives quickly,
gives twice." Should each clan contribute,
on an average, £50, the work can be under-
taken and completed. Pray continue
agitating the scheme. Surely Highlanders
are not so dead to the value of such a
work as to hold back, wkcn it is so
necessary to come forward. — Ever yours
sincerely, John Mackay.
NEWS OF THE HIGHLANDS AND
ISLANDS.
Greexocic. — Gaelic - Soiree. — The
second Gaelic soiree and concert under the
auspices of Tir Nam Beann Lodge I.O.G.T.
was recently held here. Brother Duncan
Macpherson occupied the chair. After tea,
the Chairman, Brother Macneil, and others,
addressed the meeting. To add to the
enjoyment of the evening, Brothers Camp-
bell and jMacfarlaue played piobrachs ;
and Brothers Blue and Black, &c., sang
278
TPIE GAEL.
Dec, 187J.
occasional songs. All were delighted, and
the meeting -was a great success.
Oban. — "\Vc observe that Professor
Blackie generously offers a prize of two
guineas to the best Gaelic scholar in Mr
MacDougall's Gaelic class. The text-book
is D. B. Maclntyre's songs, and the exa-
mination is to come off in October, 1873.
We hope that our friends in other parts of
the Highlands will take an example of
those in Oban, and start Gaelic classes to
qualify themselves in the language of
their forefathers.
Grand IIigiii.and Gatiieking. — Asrnay
be seen from our advertising columns, a
grand assembly of the natives of Ross-shire,
in Glasgow, is to be held this year, on the
27th December, when Kenneth ]\Iurray,
Esq., of Geanies, will preside. Under the
presidency of so qualified a gentleman, com-
bined with the well known enthusiasm of
the committee and their indefatigable
secretary, Mr Ross, we have no doubt it
will be eminently successful : and it only
remains for us to add that vre cordially
recommend all who desire to spend a
happy evening to procure their tickets as
early as possible.
THE TUAM NEWS ON THU GAEL.
^Ye have this week received from the
publishers, Nicholson & Co., 7-i Argyle St.,
Glasgow, a copy of a new Gaelic periodical
or newspaper in Gaelic. It is called "An
Gaidheal ; Pàpèir Nuaidheachta, agus
Leabhar-sgeuil Gaidhealach." It is pub-
lished only monthly, and we are reminded
that this copy before us is that for Novem-
ber, by the words, " Ceud mios an Gheamh-
raidh, 1872." We bid the Gaelic newspaper
ten thousand welcomes — " ceud mile failte,"
say we, in the language of the Gael of
Ireland. " Se do bheatha a phapeir nuai-
dheachta aig teact chugainn a n oir as tir na
sean-Gaedhal, as tir na h-Albaine, as tir
Cholumb-cillo, aL'us ar muinlire fein. Sc do
bhf atha. Is raait linn go bh-fuil tu a lathair.
Bi slan." We take it as a favourable omen
this publication from the pens of our High-
land friends. It will tend to unite the clan
of the Gael in the North of Caledonia ; it
will be a mes.=;cngor of fraternity between
the old Gaels of Eire, or Scotia Major, and
the younger branch, the Gaels of Scotia
3\Tinor. 'Ihere was a time when the people
of Scotland were in accord with the Milesian
stock in Ireland. Theyhad a right to be one;
they were originally of one stock, they
spoke a common language. Irishmen
taught them the Christian faith — Coluraba,
an Irish monk, evangeliaid them. Zona,
peopled by Irishmen, taught them the arts
and sciences and religion. The Highland
Gaels deserve the thanks of Irishmen
for this example of national life and
national union. It is a sign of national
life. It is the expression of national
unity, to a certain extent, and of national
life, of Home Pvule — of a people distinct
from, though united with, the people of
England. It is an effort to be like Wales.
Where is Ireland in the race of national
distinctness? Where is her Irish national
press? are we fairly snuff'ed out as a
people ? We are no where. No echo of
the past bearin<r on the present. No vocal
link uniting the times of old with the
glories and the defeats and victories to the
present %vith its aspirations for unity, for
Home Rule, and for national life. Is the
national pulse dead? Is the silent breath-
ing of dissolution in the throat and in the
heart of the nation? No Irish voice — no
pen? No word of the Gaelic? Yes, ÌQ
Connaught and in Munster there are still
thousands who are alive, and who will
foster the dying nation, and will yet
restore her to a sound healthy existeace.
ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS.
R. M. — Your verses may soon appear.
S. G. — The "Historical Geography
of the Clans of Scotland"' is published
by W. k A. K. Johnstone, Edinburgh.
The map is well executed, and the con-
tents to the letter-press varied. The
price is only 7s Cd.
" Ddnedin." — You forgot to send
your name and address. Do so, and we
may do something for you.
Letter by Mr Edmunds, author of
" Names of Places," in reply to Colonel
Robertson's article in the November
Gael, shall appear in our next.
D. W. F. London. — We shall inquire.
M. Campbell, Cape Breton. — The ,
History of the Isle of Skye, by the late
Alexander Cameron, is published by E.
Forsyth, Inverness. Price Gs.
I Leabh.] TREAS MIOS A' GHEAMHRAIDH, 1873.
[11 AlR.
AIR CRUINN - MHEALLABH
SOILLSEACH NAN SPEUR.
III. Earrann.
AIR CO-SHUIDHEACHADH BHEX-
UIS AG US NA TALMEAINN.
An uair a bheachdaiclaeas sinn le
curam air na neamhaibli 03 ar ceann,
far am bheil na milte grian, rionnag,
agus reult, a' tilgeadh a mach an solais
air feadh na cruitheachd, agus far am
bheil iad gu leir air an suidheachadh gu
h-eagnaidh, agus a' siubhal gu riaghail-
teacli 'n an cuairtibh eug-samhla fein,
is ceart a dh' fheudas sinn eigheach a
mach maille ri SalmaJair binn Israeil
— " Cia lionmhor t-oibre, a Thighearna!
ann an gliocas rinn thu iad gu leir,"
" agus molaidh t' oibre gu leir thu."
Tha cumhacbd neo-chriochnaichte leh-
obhaih air 'fhoillseachadh d'ar sealladh,
agus d'ar tuigse, air mhodb miorbhuil-
each, leis na solusaibh a ta 'triall gu
neo - mhearachdach 'n an cuairtibh
sònruichte, agus a ta, mar sin, a' co-
lionadh na criche air son an d' rinneadb
iad air tiis! Co, uime sin, aig am
bheil comus amhairc air na comharaibh
mòr agus soillseach so, gun a bhi a'
beachd-smuiineachadh air bith, air
Ihthaireachd, agus air cumhachd an
Ti sin, trid am bheil gach ni anns na
neamhaibh, agus air an talamh, a' co-
sheasarah? Air an aobhar sin, ''Biodh
ard chliu Dhe ann am beul nan uile,
moladh iad e air son a ghniomhara
treuna — moladh iad e ann an speuraibh
a chumhachd."
Air duinn cunntas a thoirt 's an ear-
rainn mu dheireadh, air an reult Mer-
curi, on is i a's dluithe do'n ghrein, labh-
raidh sinn, a nis air Bhenus, an ath
reult ann an ordugh. Tha'n reul
dhealrach so a' cuairteachadh na greine
ann an cearcall a ta ochd agus tri
fichead muillean de mliiltibh air astar
uaipe ; agus tha i a' triall air a slighe
mu thimchioll ceithir fichead mile de
mhiltibh anns an uair! Tha i seachd.
mile agus ochd ceud de mhiltibh troipe,
a' cur car di air a mul fein ann an
ceithir uairean -fichead, agus a' crioch-
nachadh a turuis mu'n ghrein ann an da
cheud agus ceithir latha fichead gu leth
de na laithibh againn-ne, iiine a ta
'deanamh suas na bliadhna aice-se. 'S
i Bhenus. de gach uile reult, a's faigse
do'n talamh againne-ne, air an aobhar
sin chithear mor agus dealrach i an
coimeas ri aon air bith eile de na reul-
taibh! Theirear, mar a's trice, an
reult-mhaidne, agus fheasgair, rithe so.
An uair a bliios i an iar air a' ghrein,
chithear anns a' mhadainn i, agus an
uair a bhios i an ear air a' ghrein, cbi-
thear air an fheasgair i, corr agus leth-
bhliadhna m'an seach! — Cha'n 'eil
Bhenus a bheag ni's lugha na'n talamh
air am bheil sinne a' gluasad, ach air
di a bhi ni's faigse do'n ghrein, tha
barrachd teas agus soluis a' bualadh
oirre, na tha air an talamh! Ged nach.
'eil an reult mhaiseach so, aig astar co
fad uainn-ne ris na reultaibh eile, gidh-
eadh tha a deax'rsadh agus a soilleir-
eachd co mor, 's nach soirbh aon ni
amharc oirre leis na gloineachaibh, eaàh-
on a's fearr, chum gach ni a bhuineas
di a chur an ceill le fior chinnteachd.
Air do na cuairtibh aig Mercuri agus
Bhenus, a bhi eadar an talamh agus a'
ghrian, chithear iad a' fas agus a' caith-
eamh, cosmhuil ris a' ghealach ur! Tha
na cuairtean anns am bheil iad a' ruith.
280
AX GAIDHEAL.
Trcas Miog a' GheamhraiJh, 1S73.
CO cumhann, an coiraeas ri cuairtibh
nan reult eile, 's gu m blioil iad a
ghnath air am faicinn am fagus do"n
ghrcin, agus air uairibh tlia iad co fa-
gus di 's gu'ra blieil a dearrsadh 'g am
foluch gu h-iomlan o 'r scalladh ! Nach
leoir na nitbe so chum gliocas neo-
chrioclinuiclite an Ti a dhcalbb iad a
dheanamli follaiscach do na li-uile? agus
nach leoir iad chum toirt oirnne a radh,
maillo ris an abstol — '• Trc chreidimh
iha sinn a' tuigsinn gu'n do chruthaich-
eadh na saogbail tre fhocal De, air chor
do nach drinneadh nanithe achitbear do
nithibb a bha ram faicinn.' --Eabh.xi.r;.
Labbraidh sinn, a nis, rau"n tahvmb,
a ta n a reult cosmhuil riusan a dli'
ainmich sinn agus a' siubhal iiurn
cuairt do'n gbrein ann an am suidbicbte!
Is ball cruinn an talamb, a ta dluth air
ochd mile de mliiltibb troimhe, agus
CÒÌ2 thar fbichead mile de mbiltibh
mun cuairt. Tba e "siubhal mu'n
cuairt do'n ghrein ann an cearcall, a
tba ccithir fichcad, agus coig muillean
deug de mbiltibh air astar uaipe : agus
gabliaidb e tri cheud, tvi fichead, agus
coig laitbean, agus teann air sea uairean
iline, chum aon chuairt a chur air a'
gbrein, agus tha'n lune so a deanamb
suas na bliadbna againne. — Ged is bras
a ta 'n talamh mar so a' siubhal sea
fichead uair nis luaithe na peileir
gunna-mbòir gidheadb, cha 'n 'eil c idir
CO luath ri Mercuri, a cbeann nach 'eil
e "deanamb ach mu tbri fichead agus
ochd mile dc mbiltibh anns an uair, am
feadh 's a ta Mercuri "deanamb corr
agus ceud mile de mbiltibh! Tha'n
talamh, mar an ceudna a' tionndadh air
a mbul fein, gacli uile cbeitliir uaire
fichead agus mar so tba ceitbir uairean
ficlicad air fad anns an latba againn-ne!
Tba na nithe so uile iongantach annta
fein ; ach an deigh sin tba iad fior.
Cha soirbh, gidheadb, le daoinibb
aineolach a thuigsinn, gu'm bheil an
talamh idir a' carachadli, no 'gluasad
as an aon àite. Tba iad mar a's trice
s a' bharail, gu'm bheil e neo-ghluasad-
I ach, am feadh 's ta a' ghrian, na
rionnagan, agus fcacbd neimbe gu leir,
, a' cur char diubh mu'n cuairt da! — Is
i iongantach loo. mar an ceudna r'a
smuaineachadh, gu'm bheil an talamh
so 'n a reult, a ta 'n am beacbd-san, ni's
: mo na aon air bith de na rionnagaibh
I beaga, drilinneach sin, a chithear 'n
am miltibh anns na speuraibh, air
oidbche shoilleir. Ach tba e fior,
I gu'm bheil an talamh a' gluasad air a
j mbul fein, gach la; agus ann an cear-
j call mu'n cuairt do'n ghrein, gach
i bliadbna ; ceart luar a ta Mercuri,
B/icnus, agus na reultan eile. Tba
mòran an diiil, gu'm bheil a' ghrian
agus na reultan, a' ruith gu luath anns
na speuraibh mu'n cuairt do"n talamh,
nach 'eil a' carachadli as 'aitc ; ach tba
iad air am mealladb an so 'n am barail,
ceart mar a ta iad, an uair a ghiixlainear
iad seachad gu luath air luing an cois
fearainn ; oir an sin, tha iad an dùil,
nach 'eil an long a' caracbadh ; ach
gu'ra bheil am fearann a ruith gu grad
seacliad orra !
Dh' ainmich sinn a cheana, gur i a'
ghrian a' ta toirt soluis agus teas do na
reultaib buile, agus air do'n talamh so a
bhi 'na reult, tha e 'mealtuinn buannacbd
an t soluis agus an teas so mar an ceudna.
Tha darna leth na talmhainn a ghnath
air a shoillscachadh leis a' ghrcin, agus
tha'n leth eile ann an dorchadas. Ach
o'n tha'n talamh a' tionndadh air a
mbul fein, o'n iar gus an ear, gach uile
cbeitliir uaire fichead, tba solus agus
doi'cbadas a' teachd oirnne mu'n seach,
anns an bine sin. Mar so, tba la agus
oidbche a' leantuinn acbeile; agus an
uair a ta an taobh air am bheil sinne
do'n chruinne-cbe, air a shoillscachadh,
tba 'n taobh eile dbeth ann an dorchadas.
Air an aobhar sin, an uair a bbios an
lii againn-ne 's an Eilean Bhreatunnach,
bithidh an oidlicbe aca 's na h-Innsibh
an aird an car — ann an China i\gus ann
an Australial Tha mar an ceudna,
claonadb sonraichte aig mul na talmh-
ainn, trid am bheil solus na greine a'
Tre.is Mios a Ghcamhraidh, ;
AN GAIDHEAL.
281
bualadh aigamannaibh de'n bhliadhna,
air earrainn ni's lugha de cliearnaibli
tuatha na talmhainn, na aig amannaibh
eile ; air an aobhar sin, tha na laithean
againn fada agus goirid, a reir sin.
Agus feudaidh sinn a nis ainmeachadli
nacli 'eil na cuairtean, na ccarcaill, no
na slighean farsuing sin, anns am bheil
na reultan a' siubhal mu tliimchioU na
greinc, gu h-iomlan cruinn, ach air
cumadh uibhe ; air an aobhar sin, tha e
furast fhaicinn, an uair a ta a' glirian
air a suidheachadh ann am raeadhon nan
cuairt sin, gu'm bi na reultan a ta
'gluasad annta, ni's faide o'n ghrein, aig
amannaibh araidh de'n bhliadhna, na
aig amannaibh eile. Ceart mar so, raa
ta, tlia'n talamh a' suibhal rau thim-
chioU na greine, ann an cearcall a ta
ni's mo ann am fad, na tha e ann an
lend; uirac sin, tha e air uairibh de'n
bhliadhna fad o'n glireia, agus air
uairibh eile ni's giorra uaipe; agus tha
so, maille ris a' chlaonadli a ta 'n a
mhul fein, a' deanamh Samhraidh agus
Geamhraidh, a cheann do thaobh nan
astar eug-samhla a ta'n talamh o'n
ghrein, nach 'eil a chearnan iomallach
a' mealtuinn a soluis agus a teas, ann an
tomhas co-ionann. Tha gach cuairt agus
gach caochladh dliiubh so, air am faot-
uinn a mach co cinnteach, agus, co eag-
nuidh le rculatairibh, agus air an tomhas
CO curamach leò, 's gu'm bheil fios aca air
a' cheart uair agus mhionaid anns an
cricchnaich gach reult a turus, agus cia
CO fad 's a ta an laithean, agus am
bliadhnaichean fa leth. Gu cinnteach
is iomadh innleachd a fhuair an duinne
a mach ; ach an deigh sin cia faoin a
dhichioll, agus cia co neo-iomlan a cho-
mas, chum sUghean, agus oibre an Ti
ghlormhoir sin a rannsachadh a mach.
A ta'na shuidhe air cuairt natalmhainn!
An urrainn sinnc le rannsachadh Dia
fhaigheil a mach gu h-iomlan? Feuch
is iad na nithe air an robh sinn a' labh-
airt, cuid d'a shlighibh ; ach cia beag
a' chuibhrionn a chuala sinn deth?
Sgiathanach.
CALLUM A' GHLINNE.
V. Earrann.
Cho luath 'sa fhuair Galium cairteal-
an freagarrach ann an Glaschu, an aite
a bhi 'cur saachad nine, no a' caith-
eamh nan gearr-bhonn a'sireadh a luchd-
duthcha agus a luchd eolais o shraid gu
sraid, is ann a sheall e mach airson
cosnaidh, ann 'sa' cheud dol a mach ;
agus cha deachaidh e ach goirid gus an
do shoirbhich leis ; agus cha b' fhada
gus an do choisinn e deagh-ghean agus
muinighin a mhaighistir ; oir a bharr
air e bhi 'n a oibriche glan, teoma,^
riaghailteach agus bunailteach, bha e
smiorail, tapuidh, gradcharacli, suairce,
siobhalta agus taitneach 'n a chonaltradh
agus 'n a ghiùlan. Mar choigreach am
measg aireandi cho mor — oir bha corr
agus leth cheud fear ceairde ag obair
fo'n aon fhardoich ris — dli' fhairich e
gun dail cho feunail 'sa bha e dha 'bhi
air 'fhaicill agus 'n a dhusgadh 'n am
measg. Bha cuid dhiu nach do clieil
am mi-run, an gamhlas, agus am farmad
ris as leth na choisinn e de miicas agus
de fhabhar o 'mhaighistir, agus o luchd-
riaghlaidh na h-oibre. Bha cuid dhiu
a tliaisbean o'n Iclh-a-muigh caoimh-
neas agus saorsa ris, a chuir deuchainn
ri h-uine air a chairiseachd air a
dhuinealas, agus, air a chrionnachd.
Bha caraiche sliom, seolta, 'n a!u
measg d' am b' ainm Micheil
Balgaire. Blia cliii agus sloin-
neadh Mhicheil ann an ioma seadli
co-fhreagarrach ri chcile. B' aithne
dha gu gle mhath, e fein a thaisbeandh
anns gach caochladh cruth agus coltais
a dh'-fhaodadh a bhi freagarrach do
gach suidheachadli anns an tachridh
dha tuiteam. Ann an seadh araidh, bha
Micheil, " na h-uile ni do na h-uilc
neach," a thigeadh 'n a rathad. Bu
choidheas leis cuideachd Criosduidh no
Anacnosduidli,antuasal no antanuasal,
an glan no an neoghlan, na 'n saoileadh
e gum bu chomasach dha, le an deagh-
ghean a chosnadh, an caradh no an
282
AN GATDHEAL.
Treas Mios a' Gheamhraidh, 1873.
aomadh airson a clirioclian cuil-bheart-
ach gabhdach fein. Do neach air bith
a bhiodli dri^beil air taitneasan ana-
measarra a' bliaile mhoir, b'e brod a'
chompanaicli agus an fhir-iùil e. Clia
robli ciiil no ciiilidh uaigneach, taigh-
cluicbc no seomar ciùil, no scomar
dannsa an taobh a staigh do clirioclian
Ghlaschu air nacb robli e niion-còlach.
Cha robh clcasaiche no ban-chleas-
aiche, aiuhailteacli no burraidli-abhaclid
air na sgrdain-cliluiche o cbladacli gu
cladacli de'n rioghachd air nacli robh
tombas de fbiosrachadb aige, agus gu
h-àraidh mu gacli cagarsaich sgainneal-
acb no amharusacli a thaobh an cliti
modhanail. B'aithne dlia o slieacbduin
gu seachduin co iad na b-eicb-reise as
am bu mho an robh de earbsa aig
luchd na geall-chluich air fcadh na
rioghachd, agus na gill a bha air an
leagail an aghaidb a cheile as an leth
anns gach aite fa chomhair nan
reisean anns an robh iad gu ruith.
B'aitime dha gach taigh osda ann 'sa'
bhailefaram biodh coinneamhan diomh-
air aig luchd na geall-chluich o' am
gu am, agus am measg am faighte
moran dc chleirich agus de ghillean
bhuithean d'am bu chleachdadh a bhi
ag gabhail air iasad gun chead, a
cobhain-airgid am maighistircan, air
chunnart a bhi air am brath agus air
am maslachadh, ach daonnan ann an
dochas ri buannachd fhaotainn dlioibh
fein gun fhios agus gun chall d'am
maighistircan. Leag Michcil a shuil
air Galium o'n cheud dol-a-mach, agus
ged a bha c gle shoilleir dha nach
ro mor mhcas aig a cliomli sheirbhisich
air Micheil, ciod air bith a b'aobhar
dha, fhuair Galium e cho suairce, cho
comaineach agus cho failtcach is gu'n
robh e gu mor air a thaladh ris mar
charaid anns am faodadh e tomlias de
earbsa 'chur; ach cha bu liiaithe dh'
fhairich Micheil gu'n do choisinn e a
mhuinighin, na 'thaisbean c na crio-
chan a bh'aigc 'san amharc anns
gach caoimhncas agus cairdcas-beoil a
nochd e dha. Air do Challum a
bhi na choigreach agus ro dheigheil
air cuid de iongantasan Ghlaschu
fhaicinn, dh'aontaich e gu toileach ri
dol mu'n cuairt le Micheil anns na f eas-
gair ; agus gu dearbh cha b' f hurasda
dha fear-iuil a b' fhearr fhaotainn ;
ach air a' cheud f heasgar a ghabh iad
cuairt feadh a' bhaile, cha deachaidh
iad ro f hada gus an do bhuail pathadh
air Micheil, agus b' f heudar taghal aig
aon de thaighean osda a' Bhroomielaio
airson dcoch-iirachaidli. Bha Micheil
eolach air an osd-fhear — duine uasal
fiiighail, coir, flathasach, agus fior
Ghaidheal gu craimh an droma, agus
aig am faighte smior an Ilich, gun
truailleadh gun mlieasgachadh. Mu'n
gann a chaidh iad thar na stairsnich
bha bord-malairt nach faca Galium a
leithid riamh o 'rugadh e — luchdaichte
le stòpain agus le noigeanan airgid agus
crystal, agus fear an taighe e-feiu gun
ad gun bhoineid. gun chota gun chasag,
le mnilcheanan a Icine trusta gu 'ach-
laisean, agus e 'cur na smuid dheth a'
taosgadh suas dibhe de gach seorsa a
broinn a' bhuird-mlialairt, le geimhleag-
an riomhach air an còmhdach thairis
le or, le airgiod agus le iobhri. Ghuir
antosd-f hear failte chridheil air Micheil,
agus ceud failte air a' choigreach òg,
air do Mhicheil ainm 'sa shloinneadh
ainmeachadh. Sheòl e staigh iad do'n
t-seomar chuil, ach anns an dol seachad
thug Galium fainear do Mhicheil a'
eaogadh ris an osd-fhear. 'N uair a
dh' fhosgail dorus an t-seomair, bha
e cheana Ian de aoidhean, dheth nach
do ghabh Galium mor chiatadh : a
bharr air na bha de giileadhraich agus
de utaig 'n am measg, cuid a' seinn
òrain, agus cuid a deasbad agus a conn-
sachadh : bha fàileadh deistinneach
toit tliombaca agus na min-shàbhaidh
shalach lobhta leis an robh an t-urlar
air a chorahdach is gu'n d' fhairich Gal-
ium bochd e fein an impis a thachdaidh,
thionndaidh e gu grad air a shall, le
run a bhi raach air an t-sraid a dh' aon
Treas Mios a' Gheamhraidh, 187
AN GAIDHEAL.
283
leum,ach bha Micheil agus an t-osdair ri
'uchd. Threòi'aich iad e a staigh do chuil
bheag chumhann dhorcha far an robli
bord beag aimhleathan, agus aite suidbe
airson triuir no ceathrar. Rinn fear
an taighe an ditb-bbeatba le sgaile a'
bhotull fein, agus dh' f bag e 'nan aonar
iad. Cha bu luaithe 'fbuair Micheil
iotadh a cbasg air cosd Cballuim na
dh' f has e rud eigin sgith, agus cha
rachadh e ni b' f haideair an fheasgar ud.
Am feadh a bha Micheil a' leigeil a
sgios dheth, bha Galium ag eisdeachd
le cluais fhurachair ris na bha del air
adhart anns an t-seomar chuil, agus
anns na cuiltean cumhann eile a bha
fosgailte ri dorus cuil an taigh- osda.
Cha b'fhada gus an cual e sgal na pioba
moire ga gleusadh air taobh eile na
claraidh, agus casbhruidhiun ard ghlea-
dhracli de bheurla agus de ghailig am
measg a cheile ; agus gun dail thainig
fear an taighe staigh gun chead gun iar-
raidh, don chuil 's an robh Micheil'
agus Galium, le dithis no triuir comhla
ris de Ghaidheil rapach, leibideach,
nach robh ro sgiobalta aon chuid 'nan
eideadh no 'nan conatradh. Chuir iad
failte chridheil bhrosgullach air Galium,
mar choigreach agus mar f hear duthcha;
agas gun tuilleadh seamsain, dh' fbeum-
adh e dol leo, aill ar n-aill, don
t-seomar ^s an robh an ceol agus an
dannsa. Thug Galium taing dhoibh
airson an caoimhneis, ach dh' iarr e
orra a lethsgeul a ghabhail ; agus dh'
innis e dhoibh nach robh a bheag de
thlachd aige 'n a leithid sud de chaith-
eamh-aimsii". Chunnaic Micheil ann
an tiota nach robh a chompanach gu
bhi air a ribeadh aon chuid le smadadh
no le mi-mhodh, agus dh'eirich e gu grad
agus thuirt e ri Galium gu'n robh an
t-iim a bhi 'bogadh nan gad. Ghabh
e eagal, mar bu mhath a dh' fhaodadh e,
gu'm faca agus gu'n cuala e air an fheas-
gar ud na bu leor gu a ghraineachadh
gu buileach o bhi a' tathaich air osd-
fhearan Ghlaschu. Thainig eagalan
Mhicheil gu Ian bhuil mar a shaoil
e, oir riamh 'na dheigh sud cha
chuireadh Galium air ailghios caraid
no eascaraid, a chas thar stairsneach
aon de mhisg thaighean Ghlaschu,
mar theireadh e riu ; an aite sin is
ann a bha e le buaidh 'eiseimpleir
agus a chomhairle, 'na mheadhoin air
ioma boganach bochd simplidh dheth a
luchd duthcha a thiorcadh uatha. Cha
robh e riamh na thur-sheachnuiche ;
cosmhuil ri ioma ni eile, b e 'bheachf^
soilleir suidhichte nach robh aon choia
cionta no cunnart ann a bhi a' gnatha-
chadh deocli laidir gun a bhi ga mi-
ghnathachadh ; cha mho a bheireadh e
gnuis no aonta do ghluasadan no meas-
arrachd fhoirneadh a dheoin na
dhaindeoin air a mhor shluagh le Achd
Pàrlamaid, ach rachadh e le 'uile
chridhe ann an aobhar gach gluasaid
d' am bu chrioch a bhi 'sguabadh air
falbh no a lughdachadh aireamh misg-
thaighean nan grùdairean mosach,
salach, suarach, a tba cho millteach air
dcagh bheusan agus airmaith coitchionn
nam bailtean mora — na " h-uaighean
gealaichte o'n taohh a muigh " le 'n
coinnleirean meurach, agus le 'm breagh-
achd dhrillseach riomhach chosdail, ach
0 'n taobh a staigh na'm failean malcta,
le'n cuiltean salach cumhann dorcba far
nach faigh coigrich no luchd astair aite
tàimh no cadail, biadh no deoch, ach
deoch laidir ; agus a tha 'tarruing am
beolaind ach beag gu h-iomlan o struidh-
eas anameasarra fotus an t-sluaigh. Be
sud an co-dhunadh gus an d' thainig
Galium air an fheasgar ud, mar thoradh
air na chuala agus na chunnaic e an
taobh a staigh do 'n taigh osda ann an
cuideachd Mhicheil. Coma co dhiu —
bha ribeachan eile aithnichte do
Ml.icheil leis am f'aodadh Galium ma'
dh' fhaodte, 'bhi air a ghlacadh. agua
chuir e roimhe feum a dheanamh de
gach coLhrom a thigeadh gu bhi ga
tlialadh 'n an dail gu h-athaiseach le
foighidinn agus le seoltachd
MuiLEACH.
(7?2' leaniuinn.)
284
AN GAIDHEAL.
Trcas Mios a' Ghcaraliraidh, 1873.
BOINEIDEAN COKRACII.
DUDINDIAIGH.
Air FONN " I'hc Bonnets of Bonnie Dundee."
Ri Siiir Cuigpc 'n Duneidiunn
Tliuirt Cl(5ibhers' mar so —
Mu'n d' thig crùn an R'lgh 'nuas
"S ioina cnuachd a bliios goirt ;
Gach lascaire treun
Leis an eibhneas glonn-ghniomli
'^^is togadh air, 's leanadli e
Boineid Dhuindiaigh !
FoNN — Lionar mo chopan
Dearr-lionar mo chuach
'Us diolaidear m' eachraidh,
A mach biodh mo shluagh ;
'Ghrad fhosglar an t-Iar-phort.
'Us leigear dhomh triall, —
Tha togail fo bboineidibh
Corrach Dhuindiaigh.
Lcnm Cleibhers' air 'each
Agus mbarcaich tre 'n t-sraid
Sheinn na cluig air an ais,
Bhuail gach druma le stsiirnn ;
Ars' am Prothaiste coir,
" Leigear foil leis a shvian,
Oir 'ri raaith as ar coraunn
An Rosad, Dundiagh."
Lionar mo chopan, &c.
Mar mbarcaich le surd
Tre na Lubaith, 'n a still,
Bha gach cailleach a' tathunn,
'S a' crathadh a cinn ;
'S na h-ogana gràsmhor,
'G amiiarc blath air an t-sonn,
"S a guidlie 'buaidh-larach,'
Do dh' Armunn nan glonn.'
Lionar mo chopan, &c.
Lion Cuigsichc searbh-ghnùiseach
Margadii-an-f heòir ;
Mar dhaoine ri'n crochadh
B'e coltas a phòir,
'N uair' bha iad a' coimhead,
Le goigh, 'us le fiamh,
Am faiceadh iad seolladh
De bhoineid Dhuindiaigh.
Lionar mo chopan, &c.
B'airm sleagh, 'us bior-feòla
Do na ceosaich o'n lar,
Agus core air bharr bata,
A chasg'radh nan cliar ;
Ach theich as an rathad,
Le h-athadh fo dhion,
Aig faotainn doibli plathadh
De mhaithibh Dhiiindiaigli.
Lionar mo chopan, &c.
Spuir 'each gu cois craige sin,
Caisteil nan stuadh,
Thuirt grad ris a Cheann —
Coileach sar an Taoibh-tuadh —
•' Canadh ' ÌNIeig,' 'sa co-bhrath'rean,
Diog bhlath'-coig no sea —
A labhras teas graidli
Bhoineid aird-ghuirm Dhuindiaigh.
Lionar mo chopan, &c.
Diuc Gordon "sin dh' iarr,
' Cean is triall dliuit a Sheoid ? '
"An ceum sin a dh'f hoillsichcas
Taibhse Mhointrois!
'Us cluinnidh bluir Grasan,
Gun dail ormsa sgial ;
No 's iosal 's an ari'haich
Boineid ard-ghorm Dhuindiaigh
Lionar mo chopan, &.c.
" Ma tha Moirf hearan pailt,
Ann am magh-thir man Gall,
Gur lionmhor Cinn-chinnidh,
'N tir ghlinnich nam beann,
'S naoi mile Duin'uasal,
'Dh' eireas "suas learn gun fhiamh
'Us iolach a thogas
Air bhoineid Dhuindiaigh
Lionr.r mo chopan, &c.
" Air an sgeithidh tha prais —
Seiche Ian chairte 'n tairbh —
'S an truaille 'tha lamh ri'
Tha staillinn gun mherig ;
Agus dearsaidh a' phràis,
Drillidh 'n staillinn mar 'ghrian
'N uair' thogar le h-ardan
Boineid ard-ghorm Dhuindiaigh.
Lionar mo chopan, &c.
" Air falbh thun nan coilltibh,
Nan creag, 'us nam beann ;
Tress Mios a' Gheamhraidii, IS
AN GAIDHEAL.
285
2\i mo leaba 's an t-Saobhaidh,
Mu 'n taobh le righ feall.
Gabbaidh oillt, a chealg-chuigsicb,
'S gearr-mbairiann bbur rian,
Db' fheobb fatbast garbb-sbeoUadh
De bhoineid Dbuindiaigb."
Lionar mo cbopan, &c.
Chratb e ritbe nan euch^,
Agus sbeid an stoc eruaidb,
"Choire-dhruma bliuail bras,
Am marc-sbluadb "gbrad gbluais ;
Seach Stiuic Bbaile-raobbaill,
Agns Raon Bhaile-cliar —
Gu'n 'chailleadb, 's:in astar,
Ceol tartrach Dbuindiaigb.
Lionar rao cbopan, &.C.
[Ead. leis an OUa Urr. Iain Mac-an-
t-saoir, abba 'n Cill-Math-Nibbeig.]
lOLAIRE LOCII-TPvEIG.
Bha roimbe seo seann iolaire mhor a'
tàinb an Aird-mbeadlioin Locb-Treig",
far am minig a bba a seòrsa. Bba i
liatb leis an aois bbo'n bu cbuimbne
leatba ibein e ; 's bba i uime sin an
dull gum b'i creutair bu shine bba beo ri
linn. Acb an earalas nacb faodadb a
combaois a bbi mairionn an ait eigin,
chuir i roirabpe , an ciad cbotbrom a
gheobbadb i, sgrib a tboirt air cbuairt.
Bliadbn' a blia "n sin, tbainig an aon
Oidhcbe-Bbealltuin a b' fbuaire db'
fhairicb no cbunnaic i riabh, agus
sraaoinieb i gum bu mbatb an leisgeul
d'i e air a run-fallaicb a cbur an
gmomh ; agus 's a' mbaduinn mhoich
Latba-Bealltuinn sin fhein seach latba
sa bitb, mu'n do bldais na h-eoin eile
ant uisge, togar oirre air cheann a
turuis. Cbarobb diiil bheù a tbacbradh
oirre — acb nial na b-aoise bbi oirre,
nach farraideadb : Am fac thu Oidhche-
Bbealltuinn riabh cbo fuar ris an oidbcbe
'n raoir ? acb cban f bac a h-aon. Coma
bba 'n latha as a thoiseach, 's bba i mar
seo ag cumail air ah-aghart gun chluain,
gun cblos gus an do thachair seann
dreathandonn coir cine. " Fàilt air
an dreathan, Latha buidhe Bealltuinn,''
ars ise, " am fac tbu riabh Oidbche-
Bbealltuinn cbo fuar ris an oidhche 'a
raoir ? " Acb sean '3 g' an robh tuar 'us
dreach an dreatbain, cha b' fhiosrach e
gu'm fac. Cba robh eòlas aige air
creutair bu shine na e fhein ; ach cbual
e gu'n robh seann ghobba-dubh blio
cbian am Bun-Ruaidh, 's ma bha e
fhatbast beo, gu'm bu dualacb, ma
thàinig a leitbid, gu'm fac esan i ; agus
sheòl e 'n ratbad dh' i. Thug i taing
do 'n dreathan, agus togar oirre gu
cèardacb Bhun-Ruaidh. Rainig i ; ach
cha robh roimbpe ach larach fhuar — •
thriall gach mith '3 gach math, acb an
gobha-dubh ; 's bba esan fhein bho
cbian dall leis an aois, agus an deigh toll
a dheanamh 's an innean ag glanadh a
ghuib. Chuir i failte na Bealltuinn air
a' ghobha, 's db' innis i fath a turuis :
" Am fac thu riabb," ars ise, " Oidhcbe-
Bhealltuinn cbo fuar ris an oidh-
che 'n raoir ?" Thug an gobha
glaomadh bocbd air fhein, 's thuirt e
nach faca riabh, agus nach cual e
iomradh air a leitbid; ach gu'n robh-
seann udlaiche bho chionn fhios c' uine
tathaich Choill-Lmse ; 's gu 'n robh a
cbalg air liatbadh leis an aois bho 'n
bu cbuimbne leis-san a bbi na bhùta
bcag a' sgiatbais air feadh nam preas.
"Bu trie leis uine 's aimsir an deigh
sin," ars esan, " tighinn a nail air
cbeilidh orm a cbur ssachad na h-
oidhche faide Geambraidb, agus a tboirt
sgeòil domh air cor na diilhcha ; ach
sguir sin. An turns mu dheireadb a
bba e bbos, bha 'n aois cbo trom iar
laidhe air, 's gu 'm beil eagal orm nach
'eil e 'n urrainn gluasad mor a dhean-
amh. Thug sinn cbo fad an coimh-
earsnacbd a cbeile, 's gu'n dean mi,
mar a thuigeas tusa, sogan ri sbeann
langan, tiichanach mar a tha, an uair a
cbluinneas mi e 's a' chambanaicb. Is
e creutair a's sine tha liithair an diugb
fad m' aithne '3 m' eòìais ; agus ma ni
thu guth aige 's an dol scacbad, innis
dha fath do thuruis, agus gu'm fac thu
286
AN GAIDHEAL.
Treas Mios a' Gheamhraidh, 1373.
raise ; 's mur tV tli:iinisj'caocliladh air ni
e do Ian di-bcatha." Dh'aithris e 'n sin
d'i gnotliuichean iiraid a tliachair ri
linn nan triath bu chuimhne leis am
faicinn ; mu ouchdan a shiunsrean,
agus mu bhuil a mhuirichinu. An
uaii' a bha iad ag gabhail " raaduinn
mbatli " le cbeile dli'carb 'iis dh'earail e
oirre tagbal aige an atb uair a bhiodh i
'n ratbad. Gbeall i gu raodbail do'n
gbobba gu'n tagbladb ; agus tbog i
oirre do Choill-Innse, 's fliuair i 'nt
iidlaicbe na cbriiban am fasgadb seann
stuic-fbearna agus spideanan deigbe le
cuinneaunan a sbròine. Chuir i fàilte
na Bealltuinn air agus dh'innis i fàtb
a turuis : " Am fac thu riabh,"' ars ise,
'• Oidbcbe-Bbealltuinn cbo f uar ris an
oidbcbe 'n raoir?' Bba 'nt iidlaicbe
cbo sean 's gu'n do " leig e 'n cabar air
ant sblinnean;" acb tbuirt e air a
mhin-atbais nach bu cbuimbne leig gum
faca riabh. Fhuair i gu faoilleacb,
iuranacb e, agus dh'fhiosraich e gu
caoimbneil mu'n gbobba dball. Thug
iad an sin treallan air seancbus agus
air sloinnteireacbd, 's bha'n iolaire
dol a tbagairt urram na b-aoise ;
acb an uair a bba iad a' dealacbadb,
tbuirt ant iidlaicbe gu'n robli breac
cam ann an locban Clioire na ceanainn,
air an do chuir e eolas an triitb a bba
e na laoigbean òg an cois a mbàtbar a'
tigbinn a nail an Lairig-leacacb a Beinn
a bbric. " Bba smalaicb na b-aoise
g\v an uair sin f hcin," ars esan, " agus
ma tba iiine agad, is fiacb dbut dol db'
a cboimbead — is enacaiche gasd e."
Is e bh' ann gu'n do tbog i rithist
oirre, 's gu'n d' rainig i 'n locban.
Chuir i deocbeolais air a' bhreac
chain, agus db' innis i fath a tur-
uis ; " Am fac thu riabh Oidbcbe-
Bbealltuinn cbo fuar ris an oidbcbe 'n
raoir?" Tbuirt am breac gu'm fac —
aon oidhch' eile, 's gu'n robb i cbo fuar,
's ged a bha e 'n teas 'f hala 's an treine
'neart gu'm b' 6udar dba tòiseachadh
air gearradh shùrdag air feadh an uisge
'chumail teas air fbein ; ''Agus," ars
esan, " siirdag db' an d' thugas, leumar
jis an uisge, 's buailear mo leth-cbeann
ris an lie dhuibb ud tball; acb bba
nimb an reotbaidh cbo dian, 's mu 'n
d' fhuair mi mi f hein a thoirt air m' ais
gu'n do lean mo shilil ris an lie ; 's dh'
fbag sin an diugh mise cam!" An
tràtb chual an iolair sco, thug i modh
'us urram na b-aoise do 'n bhreac ;
agus th'iU i air a b-ais adb Aird-mheadh-
oin adb aithris a ggeoil do 'n iilach òg.
Chunnaic iad ioma latba geal, grian-
acb an deigh sin ; acb cbo iad 's a b'
urrainn d' i sgiatb a ghluasad, cba
deacbaidh Latha-Bealltuinn fuar notetb
seacbad oirre nach deacbaidh i tacan air
cheilidb air na b-aosdai corr — an gobha,
ant iidlaicbe, agus am breac.
Abu A en.
An Tom Buidhe,
Toiseach a' Gheamhraidh, 1872.
AN GAIDIIEAL" AGUS AN EALA.
"An Gaidheal."
A ! Eala bbàn o àros cliiar nan tonn
Stad air do sgeith, 's tboir cisdeacbd uair do m' ghuth :
Innis ciod e am fearann garbb nan sonn
A chunnaic thu 'n uair threig thu fairge liath nan srutb.
An Eala.
Chnnnaic mi tball air cladach lorn na b-iar,
(Bbaghrian san am a tearnadh dluth ri cuan)
Treas Mioa a' Gheamhraidh, 1S73. -^-^^ IxAiDHbAL. 287
Oigfhear leis fhcin, 's a sliuil air tonnan fiar
Mar neacli a dealbhadh bhriath'r, no aon a riarach smuain.
" Ruithidh" thuirt e "gu luath a nuas gu sail
Am fuaran ùigli ged 's yaigneach e 'sa'ghleann ;
Ach o mo chridh' ! s tu 'm fuaran daonan Ian,
Gun doigh 'san ruig do dhain luclid aiteach tir nam beann."
Cbnnnaic mi ris 's'mi triall seach sliabb a' cheo,
An t-aosd air earn bha liath-ghlas mar e fein ;
Bha e mar neach a stad bhi raeasg nam beo :
Mar thaibhs' an ceo nan stùc ; gidheadh 'n a sliuil bha seun
A bhac mo tliriall, is dh' eisd mi ris a' glilaodh
A bhris o 'bheul, 'se 'bualadh 'chas air làr:
" A chuirn ! a chuirn, ged 's balbh thu 'n seo ri m' thaobh,
Mor smuainte duisgidh tu air linnte aosd nan sar.
"Acli ged bu leamsa spiorad mor nam bard.
An cluiuneadh each gu robh mo leithid ann ?
Nach bith'n mar eun leis fhein am frith nan ard
Gun aon am fagus da a bheireadh freagradh fann? "
Aon sealladh eile tharruing sios mb shiiil : —
Maighdean 'n a h-aonar dliith ri sruthan luath,
Bha 'ciabha dorch ag crith-chluich sios mu 'cfil,
'N uair sguabadh osag chiuin a nios feadh Kib nam bruach.
" A shruthain aosd " cha bhris an t-aog do ghuth
(Seo chuala mi 'tigh'n nios troimh'n bbarrach uain')
Theid tim, am milltear, thairis ort mar chruth,
Le ceimeadh samhach rain's cha chlsnich e do dhuan.
'' Cha 'n ionnan thus a 's oighinnean mo thir,
'S gann gheibhear aon diubh chuireas rann r'a cheil' :
Mar bhalbh-chlais lom on d'f halbh an sruth gu sior
'S tearc thig an tuil mu'n cuairt a dhuisgeas luaidh'nam boil.
'S god thogte 'n dan, an cluinnte e le sluagh.
Tha nis air fuadain feadh gach uile tbir ?
An cluinnt' e leo ? cha chluinn gu brath mo thruaigh ! "
'N sud dh' fhag mi i fo chlaoidh, 'smi 'caoidh an sgeil bhi fior.
" An Gaidheal."
A ! Eala bhàn, their as gu tir nam bard,
'S innis gu'n d' eirich teachdair nuadh dhoibh fein,
A theid gach mios a mach air feadh gach aird ;
Mar cholman 'falbh a's sgeulachdan fo 'sgeith.
Thog mise 'bhratach : racli a's duisg na slòigh :
Mar ionnsuidh còmhrag racb is gairm na trein ;
Glaodh ris a' bhard, na dichuimhnich na h-oigh'n,
'S abair gur brath'r mi'n ainm, 'san spiorad mar an ccudn'.
Mac-Oidhche.
AN G AIDIIEAL. ,,,., ,,,3 .V Ghea.h.M,., un.
"BUN-LOCHABAR."
One of tlic best known, and deservedly popular, of our national quick-steps,
Avlien properly played on the Piob-MhOr, is that known from earliest infancy to
every Highlander as
Ga'aidh sinn an rathad raor,
01c no math le each e !
An air that makes us all assume a bolder look, and feel at least an inch higher
in our shoes. When deftly fingered by a master of the national instrument, it
strikes upon the car, whether on the streets of the populous city, or, better still,
in the far remote Highland glen, where the bracken and the birch, stirred by
the fitful breeze, seem to nod responsive to the warlike notes. The refrain or
burden, and first verse, have always been well known, but the reader will, we
dare say, thank us for presenting him with a complete version of the old words
to which the quick-step air is so fitting an accompaniment. "We took them
down some years ago from the recitation of an old woman in Lome — a Janet
Mac Dougall, a cousin, I think, of Allan Ball's, the celebrated Inverlochy bard.
A version very much the same is in our possession, taken down from the Can-
daireachd of an excellent old Highlander, the late Donald Mackenzie, North
Ballachulish, better known as DonuU-a-Chaigin. The occasion of the song was
this : — In 1644, a body of the Macgregors, Mac Nabs and Perthshire Stewarts
marched to join Ivlontrose under the command of Major Patrick McGregor, of
Glengyle, and in spite of every obstacle, and having to march through the ter-
litories of ho-stile clans, they managed to join the " Great Marquis " in good
time to be present at the battle of Inverlochy, where, for once at least in their
lives, they had, to use the words of an old Seanachie," a good day's harvtsting /"
The allusion to the Maclntyres is not to be taken as it seems. It is simply what
the French call a ruse de guerre, very common at the period. The brave sons of
'' Cruachan," were, in truth, friendly to the king's cause, though they dared not
appear openly in the matter for fear of their powerful neighbours, the Campbells
of Argyll. The bard cunningly, and quite bard-like throws in the bit of abusive
defiance in the first verse, to make the Campbells believe that the Maclntyres
were hated by the loyalists quite as much as they hated the Campbells them-
selves. The line
Bodaich mhaol' an làgain
refers to certain auxiliaries from the low countries whom the Campbells called
■to their aid against Montrose, but who, along with the valiant Earl of Argyll
himself, soon crossed Loch Fyne for safer quarters, whenever they heard that
the loyalist Marquis intended paying them a visit (in return for many o( theù's)
and hoped to find them at home ! Lagan, by the way, is the Perthshire Gaelic
i'ov Jlummery or soivens. — Could the bard have possibly used a more contemptuous
epithet to hint in an indirect sort of way how little these valiant auxiliaries
were to be trusted when the hour of trial came ? Sluagh an Righ. in the last
verse are of course the Stewarts.
The translation in the opposite column is not to be taken as a literal trans-
lation, but rather as a paraphrase or imitation of the original. It is merely an
attempt to give the reader an idea and no more, of the manner and style of a
very old song. It will stand, I think, in very proper juxtaposition with Mr
J. F. Campbell's very interesting song in your last.
Treas Mioa a' Gheamlnaidh, IST-I
AN GAIDHEAL.
289
Foiin. — Gabhaidh sinn an rathad mòr,
Gabhaidh sinn an rathad mor,
Gabhaidh sinn an rathad mor
01c no math le each c.
OIc no math le Cloinn-an-t-saoir
01c no math le Cloinn-an-t-saoir
OIc no math le Cloinn-an-t-saoir —
Na bodaich mhaol' an làgain.
Diridh sinn ri beann an fhraoich,
Tearnaidh sinn le gleann nan laogh ;
'S cha'neil fear de luchd-nani-braosg,
Nach' leag sinn gaoir a 'mhàileid I
Thar a' mhonaidh null 'nar ?cnob,
Sios Gleann Comliann air bheag sgios,
Màrsaidh sinn 'an ainm an High,
01c no math le each e.
Gu Mac-'ic.-Alasdair 's Lochia!,
Bidh iad leinn, mar ''^hn iad riamh
'8 feai'-na-Ceapaich mar ar mian,
01c no math le each siod !
Thig Cloinn-a'-Phcarsoin — feachd nam
buadh, [tuath,
'S thig Cloinn Choinnich o'n Taobh-
'S mairg an dream do'n nochd iad fuath
'Nuair 'dh'eireas gruaim nam blàr
Thig Clann-Ghriogair garg 'san stri —
Thig Clann-an-Aba, — 's sluagh an Bigh,
Miirsaibh uallach — suas i, phiob.
01c no math le each e.
1 Wo will take the good old way,
I We will take the good old way,
I We'll take and keep the good old way,
i Let them say their will, O !
j Let MacTntyres say what they may,
i Let Maclntyres say what they may,
'. We'll take and keejJ the good old way,
Let them say their will, 0 !
'Tis up the steep and heathery Ben,
\ Adown the bonny winding glen,
j We march, a band of loyal men.
Let them say their will, 0 !
We will march adown Gleneoe,
We will march adown Gleneoe,
By the Ferry we will go.
Let them say their will, 0 !
To Glengarry and Lochiel —
Loyal hearts, with arms of steel,
These will beck you in the field,
Let them say their will, 0 !
Cluny will come doon the brae,
Keppoch bold will lead the way,
Toss thine antlers Caber Feigu,
Let them say their will, 0 !
Forward, sons of bold Rob lioy,
Stewarts — conllict is your joy,
We'll stand together, pour le Roij^
Let them say their will, 0
ORAID GHAILIG.
Leugh an t-urramach Alasdair Mac
Griogair, ministear na h-Eaglais-an-
lar, an Inbhirnis, an oraid, o' m bheil
na briathran a leanas air an tabhairt,
do choraunn Gaidhealach Inbhirnis ;
a's tha sinn ag cluinntinn gur h-i a'
chiad oraid Ghailig a bha air a liubh-
uirt 'sa' bhaile sin.
Tha diiilichinn oirnn nach "eil e 'nar
comus ach fior-neoni dhe'n oraid thait-
nich seo a chur sios anns A' GhAidii-
EAi, do bhrigh gu'n robh i cho ro
fhada agus a fiUeadh a staigh nithe cho
liònmhor agus eho eugsamhla annta
fein. Tha sinn a' tuig-sinn gu'n tug i
mòr-thoilinntinn do'n mhòr-chuideachd,
eadar bhan-tighearnan agus dhaoin'-
uailse, a bha 'g eisdeachd rithe, agus
gur iomadh glaodh-gaire agus caith-
rcam a thogadh leis an luchd-eisdeachd
"n am di 'bhi 'ga labhairt o thus gu
deireadh.
Is iad na nithe air an do leudaich
an t-Urrammach deas -bhriathraeh,
Cainnt, Ceol, Cantaikeachd, Comii-
DACHADH, CiNNEADH, ClEACIIDANNA,
290
AN GAIDHEAL.
Treas Mios a' Gheamhraidh, 1S7S.
ClWADAL, AGUS CaTRDEAS NAN GaIDH-
EAL. Leig e ioinadh ui a ris gu soilleir,
so-thuigsinn, air gach aon fa leth de
na cinn seo, agus labhair c moran mu
na Gaidhcil fein, a thaobh an ccud-
thus, agus air gach ni air am bhcil
fios againn niu'n limcbioU a tbaobb an
stuic agus an freirah aca. Tbubh-
airt e, " Cha'n 'eil teagamh nacb
iad na Gaidhcil an t-aon sluagh
ris na Caledonaich agus na Pio-
caich an sinnseara fein, eadhon na
daoine gaisgeil sin a dhion an dùtbaich
agus an saor.=a fein, an aghaidh gach
ionnsuidh a thugadh orra le armailtibh
treuna nan Ronianacb. Bba Alba, no
Caledonia air a h-aiteachadh leis na
Piocaich agus thugadh leòsan ainmean
'n an cainnt fein air gach bcinn agus
baile, loch agus amhainn, agus ionad
eile 'san rioghachd. Tha gach ainm a
tha toiseachadh le Dim, Beinn, Monadh^
Baile, Craig, Magh, Maghair, AcJi, Amh-
ainn, Lcachd, Aird, Uachdar, Cam,
Blur, Cul^ Druim, Eas, Gleann, Srath,
Innis, cm, Mcall, Torr, Loch, Linn,
Poll, Bos, Port, Tidlaich, agus moran
eile, a' feuchainn air ball gur ainmean
Gailig iad." Mu'n Ghailig fein, thubb-
airt c, " Do gacli cainnt thugamaid an
t-urrainn do'n Ghailig. Tha i liath-
aosda, gidheadh is liighmhor, laidir,
lurach i, — is fallain, fiachail, flor-ghlan
i. Mar oigh gheamnuidh, cha'n aill
leatha gnothuch a blii aice ri ni sa bith
a tha truaillidh^ no drabasda, no droch-
mhuinte. Ann am beul nan laoch is
binn, blasda a fuaim ; agus is tiamh-
aidh, trom a guth ann an gearan gach
dream a ta fo bhron. Air Laidinn, 's
air Greugais bheir i barracbd,agus cha'n
fhaighearalcithid'galabhairtfo'nghrcin
" A' chanain a blia riamh
Feadli bheanntan agus shliabh,
Ban-oighre dhligheach fhior
Chaledonia !
A' chanain a's fearr
Fo na spcuran i,
Chum gach smaoin is ni
'Chur an ceill innte.
Lan thorrach i gach am,
Air focail nacb 'eil gann,
Tiia gach cainnt eile th'ann
A' toirt geillidh dhi.
Ach tha i nis 'dol suas,
Air bunnachar nach gluais
Le còmlmadh Comuinn uasail,
'S cha trèig iad i.''
An deigh labhairt nine fhada air aois
agus oirdheirceas na Gailig thòisich e
air leudachadh ann am briathraibh ro
tliaitneach air Bardachd nan Gaidheal.
Thug e iomradh freagarrach air sao-
tliair Oisein, agus air oibribh nam
bard 'sna linntibh cein sin, agus thubh-
airt e gu'm bheil " comas a nis aig
na Goill fein air deagh eolas a ghabh-
ailair na seann dànaibh sco aig Oisean
air doibh a bhi gu cotliromach air an
eadar-theangacliadh leis an 011a Ur-
ramach, Gilleasbuig Cleireach, Aodhair
Chille-nihaillidh, Thug e iomradh air
bardachd mhoran eile, agus dh' aithris,
e na h-uiread de na nithibh a rinneadh
leo mar a ta " Jiliann a' Bhaird Aosda,"
agus moran eile. Thubhairt e, " Is-
lionmhor oran, iorram, dan, duan,
rann agus laoidh a rinneadh leis na
bardaibh aig na fineachaibh fa leth,
seadh orain de gach gne agus cumadh,
orain-gaoil, orain-molaidh, orain-cog-
aidh, orain-buaidhe, orain-treubhantais,
orain sgaiteach agus eisgeil, orain-càn-
aidh agus caoidh, orain-cumhaidh agus
broin, orain-luaidhe, agus iomraidh,
agus buain, marbh-ranna, agus aa
leithidibh sin. Tha na iuinn agus na
luinneagan a's boidhiche 'sa' Ghailig a
gheobhar ann an cainnt sa bith eile."
Chaidh an t-Urramach a ris air
aghaidh 'na Oraid thaitnich gu cunn-
tas a thoirt air Piobaireachd agus ceol
nan Gaidheal, agus air seo thubhairt e
na h-uiread a dhuisg iomadh glaodh-
caithreima'm measg an luchd-eisdeachd.
An dcigli Icudacliadh air a' Phiob-
mhor a dheachd gu minic na gaisgich
chum a' chatha, agus nithe a chur an
ceill mu Cblann Mbic Cruimein, a bha
'n am piobairibh aig Siol Leoid, Dhun-
Treas Mios a' Gheamhraidh,
AN GAIDHEAL.
291
bheagain o iomadhlinn air ais, agus mai-
au ceudna mu chlann Mhic Artair aig
Mac Dhomhnuill nan Eilean, thubhairt
e, " Tha iomadh gne phiobaireachd ann.
Tha cuid ann ris an abrar Cruinneachadit
cuid eile Brosnachadh cuid eile Cumha
cuid eile Faille, agus cuid eile Tuireadh
mar a bha a' phiobaireachd thiomhaidh,
mhall, bhronach, bu ghnath bhi ga
cluicheadh aig adhlacadh nam marbh.
Bha duil aig na Gaidheil, gu'n robh
a phiob mar gu'm bann a' labhairt
bhriathra na Faille, no an Eahliaidh no
an Tuiridh, mar a dh' fheudadh a' chuis
a bhith. Mar seo, ann an Cumha Mhic
Leoid^ bha phiob ag radh, —
Cha till, chatill, cha till Mac Cruimein
Cha till e gu brath ga la na cruinne,
Cha till, cha till, cha till Mac Cruimein,
Cha till Mac Leoid 's cha bheo Mac
Cruimein.
Is mor a' mhisneach a thug a' phiob-
mhor do na Gaidheil gu dol a'm buil-
sgean nan naimhdean, agus tha eadhon
gu I'uig an la'n diugh piobair aig gach
cath-bhuidlieann Gaidhealach chum dol
maille riu do na blaraibh, agus
Cha do ghluais chum na tuasaid,
'Sa chaoidh iad cha ghluais,
Gun am bolg-fheadan meur-thollach
Fhuaimneach 'n an cluais !
Bha Clann Mhic Cruimein, Dhunbhea-
gain, a' sgriobhadh na piobaireachd sios
ann an leabhar, gu bhi' ga cumail air
chuimhne, ach cha'n ann air an doigh
air am bheil ceol 'ga sgriobhadh a nis.
Bha iadsan 'ga dhcanamh le focuil bhe-
aga, ghoirid, a bha iad a' cur an altaibh
a' cheile chum fuaim an fheadain agus
na puirt a chiallachadh. Bha e rud
eigin cosmhuil ri innleachd an Sol-fa a
ta 'ga gnathachadh 'san am seo ann an
ceol nan salm. Bha iadsan a' gabhail
lionmhorachd fliocal ghoirid, mar /;?", ri
ro, bhi, ha, ra, din, hia, di, rit, hio, dixi,
ii, re, dro, tiri, iara, tetiri ; agus mar sin
sios. Air an doigh seo chuireadh iad
sio3 piobaireachd Failte a' Phrionnsa
mar a leanas : —
An t-Urlar.
hi ro dro hi ri, hi an an in ha ra,
hi o dro ha chin, ha chin hi ' chin,
hi o dro hi ri, hi an an in ha .<,,
hi 0 dro ha chin, ha chin hi i ^hin
hi o dro hi ri, hi an an in ha ra,
hi o dro ha chin, ha chin hi a chin,
hi o dro hi ri, hi an an in ha ra,
hi o dro ha chin, ha chin hi i chin.
Siubhal.
hi o dro hi chin, ha chin ha chin
hi o dro ha chin, hi chin ha chin,
hi 0 dro hi chin, ha chin ha chin,
hi o dro ha chin, ha chin hi chin,
hi o dro hi chin, hi chin hi chin,
hi o dra ha chin, hi chin, ha chin,
hi o dro hi chin, ha chin, ha chin,
hi o dro ha chin, ha chin hi chin
Taobhludh.
hio dro to, hi dro to, ha dro to, ha dro to,
ho dro to, ha dro to, hi dro to, hia chin,
&c.
Thug an t-Urramach MacGriogair a
ris min - chunntas air eideadh agus
armachd nan Gaidheal, agus thug e
iomadh dearbhadh gu'm bheil Breacan-
an-fheilidh anabarrach sean. Am
measg chaich, dh' innis e gu'n do
bhiiiricheadh suas leac no clach leathann
a' steidh Balla Antonine a thogadh leis
na Romanaich tarsuing air Alba eadar
an amhainn Friuth agus an amhainn
Cluaidh, anns a' bhliadhna 140. Air
an lie seo bha dealbh triiiir dhaoine air
a ghearradh, a bha air an eideadh 'san
trusgan Ghaidhealach. Thug e iomradh,
mar an ceudna, air iomadh dearbhadh
eile air gne, dreach, agus cumadh
eididh nan Gaidheal, agus air gach
seòrsa armachd a ghnàthaicheadh leò
o linn gu linn.
*■• 'S math' thig breacan an fheilidh
Gu leir do nasùinn,
Osain ghearr' air an calpannaibh
Dòmhail, geal, cruinn ;
Iteagan dorch' air slios
Gorm uidheara cheann,
Sud i eideadh nam blàr,
'S cha bi an te fhada theann."
292
AN GAIDHEAL.
Treas Mios a' Glieamliraidli, 1S73-
Thubhairt e gu'm feudadh mòran a
bhi air a cliur an oi'ill niu fhcarachas-
taighe, cleachdanna -diichail, inneala-
treabhaidh, buill-acfhuinn agus airncis
iian Gaidhcal. Tlia niòran ann aig
nach 'oil fios ciod is ciall do na nithibli
seo a Icanas a taairan gnatliachadh gu
sonraichtc anns na h-Eileanaibh an-iar ;
mar a ta Cas-chrom, Cas-dhireach,
Slachdan, Groidcallan, Ràcan, Poit-
Uirearaidli, Leac-gradain, Muilcan-lcth-
coise, ]\Iuilean-bradli, Bord-luaidh
Plocan, Cisean, Iris, Siomaid, Cliabh,
Caineag, Plat, Sgonnan, Tallan, Sun-
nag, agus mar sin sios."
Dh'innis e gu'm feudadh moran a
bhi air aithris, mar an ceudna, niu
na Gnath-fhocaii, Saobh-cliraobhadh,
Giseag, Eanntachd, Dubh-cheisd,
ToimIiseachan,Taibhscaraclid, vSugradh,
lomairt, Cluich, agus Clcas, a gheobhar
am measg nan Gaidheal, — ach dh'fhag
e iad sin air fad, mar a thubhairt c, gu
bhi gu so-thuigsinneacli, soillcir air an
lorgadh a mach, agus air an aithris gu
h-ullamh, h-callamh, deas-chainnteach,
leis an Urrumach fhoghluimte sin " Bun
LOCIIABAR !"'
Lubhair e na h-uircad mu tlireubh-
antas nan Gaidheal, agus bha dorran
air nach coadaicheadli an iiine dha
leudachadh gu farsuing air na Fin-
eachaibh Gaidhealach fa Icth, agus air
gach connsachadh, cogadli, crcach, agus
blar fuiltcach a bha aca 'nan aimh-
reitibh an aghaidh a' cheile. Air an
doigh cheudiia cha robh e 'n a chomas
na bu mhath leis a chur an ceill mu
bhreacmnaibh nam Fineachan air
fad, agus mu Shuaichcanta?, Gairmibh-
catha, Brataicliibh, agus Briathraibh-
bros-nachaidh nam Fineachan gu leir.
An deigh labhairt mu uair gu leth
air na nithibh seo tharruing c gu crich
Ic teist urramach a thoirt air gaisge nan
Gaidheal. Thubhairt e gu'n d'fbalbh
na h-amanna deistinneach sin anns an
robii comas beatha agus biiis ann an
laimhibh nan ccann-fcadhna, agus gur
taitneach gu'n d'fhalbli. Ach am
feadh 'sa ta slioclid nam beann co
cliuiteach agus cruadaLich "sa bha iad
riamh, bha'n dillseaclid agus an treubh-
antas air an gnathachadh o chcann
linntean air ais, cha'n ann ri comhstrith
an aghaidh a cheile ach mar chath-
bhuidhcann gu'n striochdadh, bha iad
deas agus dileas thar tuigs<i, gu bhi
dionadh an saorsa, an duiiicha, 's an
lagh! Cha tug saighdearan ni b'fhearr
riamh aghaidh do namhaid. Leo-san
sguabadh air falbli an eascairdean as
an araich, mar a sguabar am moll le
ncart na gaoiihe. 0 ! cia fearail,
cuimcar, agus eircachdail iad 'nan
eideadh fein ! Cia garg agus colgach
a'n am dol sios do'n chath. Cia minic,
luath mar na h-iolairean a' dol air iteig
chum cobhartaich, a rulth iad air
feachd nan namh, agus a chuir iad as
doibh gu leir. Is gann a nochdas iad
an treubhantas, ach an uair a tha an
cunnard mor, agus an namhaid g'arg
agus dalma : an sin, còmhdaichidh an
corruich an talamh Ic closaichibh nam
marbh, mar a chùmdaicheas corran a'
bhuanaiche an t-achadh le sguabaibh.
Fhad 'sa bhios meas air fior-shaigh-
dearachd cha leagar air dearmad am
fearalas air faiche fhuiltich Waterloo.
'Sann an sud a bha 'ghriobhag,
Le luaidh ghrad, — lannaibh biorach,
'S claidh'ibh sgaiteaeh 'gan iomairt,
Le dream chalma gu'n tioma,
Chaidh siol Alba gu'n ghioraig,
Anns an t-searbh-chath air mhireadh,
'Creuchdadh chorp is 'gan liodairt,
Is 'gam fagail 'san ionad gu'n deo !
Anns an oraid ro thaitncach aige, anns
nach robh lide Shasunnach, bhrosnaich
e " Comunn Gaidhealach Inbhirnis"
gu bhi dicliiollach agus dileas. Nochd
e gach strith a rinncadh chum na
(raidiieil a theagasg 'n^in cainnt fein
leis An Teachdaiie G/iaid/iealach, a ris
le Caraid nan Gaidheal a ris le Cuairiear
7ian Oleann a ris le Fear-tathaicli nam
beaiin agus na h-uiread eile, acii chaidh
as doibii cru leir, a";us b'olc an airidh c.
Treas Mios a' Glicamliraiilh. 187-3.
AN GAIDHEAL.;
293
Acli tliubhairt e, " Cha d'fliagadh j Camsliron ; Niall Camsliron ; Domh-
sinn fathast gun dochas, oir dh'eirich | null Mac-a'-Phi ; Eachann MacChoUa ;
o cheann ghoirid Gcddhcal eile suas
ann an Glaschu, a ta nis air a thuras,
agus 'se dieasnas a' Chomuinn seo, agus
gach uile neaeli eile aig am bheil
dualchas agus duthclias 'nan cridhe, an
aire a thoirt gu'm bi An Gaidheal
laghach seo air 'eiridinn, agus air a
chuideachadh, agus air a chumail suas!
ABRAICn GHLASCHU.
Air Di-Aoine, an seathamh latha de'n
Dudlachd, choinnich Abraich Ghlas-
chu, gu an dinnear bhliadhnail — 's a ri
ma choinnich, 's ann orra fein a bha
coltas nan siad ! Bha Ghailig air a labh-
airt cho snasmhor 's cho fileanta, 's ged
nach fhagadh na ceatharnaich riamh
fasgath Beinn-Nimheis, — bha taghadh
a' phiobaire ag cluitli aig araaibh
suidhichtc re an fheasgair, a's air dha
" Gillean an Fheilidii " a thogail, tha
mi "n duil gu'n eireadh n",o chridhe ged
a "bhitheadh mo leth a' slaodadh
rium." 'S cha robli an deise ghcarr
air dhi-chuimhne, oir bha iomadh
"Abrach o Lochaidh" 'san t-seomar
comhdaichtc an cidcadh taghta nam
beann, 's gun teaganih ag aithris 'n a
chridhe :
" Chuir sinn a suas an deise
Bhios uaUacli, frcagarrach dhuinn —
Breacan an fheilidh phreasaich,
A's peiteag de'n eudach ixr;
Cota 'chadadh nam ball,
Am bitheadh a' chàrnaid dlù,
Osan nach ceangail ar ceum,
'S nach ruigeadh mar rcis an gliin."
Bha Iain Mac-Gille-Mhaoil 'sa" chath-
air, agus Seumas Ailean 'san lar-
chathair. Am mcasg feadhainn eile
'bh'aig an dinnear faodaidh sinn na
leanas ainmeachadh : an t-uasal Urra-
mach Alasdair Stiiibhairt, am Bun-
Lochabar ; Somhairle og Mac a'-Chal-
main; AonghasEos, maille ri 'bhrathair
Iain MacDhomhnuill Eos ; Gilleasbuic
Alasdair Mac-a-Phi, agus moran eile.
Air do na chuideachd an dinnear a
ghabhail, chaidh sineadh air 61 nan
deochanna slàinte, anns a' nihodh
thaitneach sin anns am bheil na Gaidh-
eil amhàin gun choimeas. B'i 'chiad
deochslainte, " A' Bhanrigh, a's buill
eile an teaghlaich rioghail ;" na 'deigh
sin, "an t-arm mara 's tire;" agus an
sin sheinn Niall Camshron deagh
oran Gailig:
" Siod agai' 'n deoch-slainte 'dh'olainn,
Deòch-slainte 'Chamshronaich
bhòidhiclì
Siod agai' 'n deoch-slainte "dh'olainn."
An deigh do Niall Suidhc, dli'eirich
fcar-na-cathrach a dh'ol deochslainte
" 'Chomuinn Abraich," 's ma dh' eirich
bu taitneach leis gach neach 'uirgheall.
Thuirt e gu'm bi siod an doech
SLAiNTE, 's gu'n robh e 'n dochas gu'n
rachadh a h-ol gu h-eireachdail. Labh-
air e car uine, gu pongal tuigscach mu
ghnothaichean a' chomuinn, agus mu'n
tlieum a rinn an Comunn cheana do
Ghaidheil a bha tighinn do Glaschu ann
a bhi faighinn aitean daibh, 's 'gan
cnmhnadh air ioraadh seol eile. Cha an
deoch-slainte ol le mor thoileachas, ag^us
an sin chluith Maclonmhuinn, am
piobaire, port.
'Si 'n ath dheoch-slainte 'dh' ain-
micheas sinn; "Na li-Abraich aig an
taigh a's thairis." Bha i seo air a h-ol
le mor chaithream. Air do Uilleam
Austin, eiridh a dh' iàrraidh air a cho-
luchd-duthcha urram a's onair a
dheanamh do 'n deoch slainte bha iad
gu ol, bha an gairdeachas clio mor a's
gar gunn a chluinnte guth an fhir a bha
bruithinn. Labhair e car uine air iom-
adh ni a bha ro thaitneach do gach
neach 'san eideachd, as air do'n deoch-
slainte 'bhi air a h-ol,dh'eirich an t-
Urramach Alasdair stidbhairt a thoirt
tainge. Thuirt e gu'n robh e 'n comas
dùsan labhairt riutha araon am
294
AN GAIDHEAL.
Trcas Jlios a' Gheambraidh, IS"
Beurla "san Gailig, agus ged a bha e
creidsinn gun robh neach no ditliis
'ria' cliuideachd nacli tuigeadli can-
ain bhlasJmhor Fhinn a's Oisein,
cha'n fliaodadh an flieadhainn sin
a blii diombach air cbor sa bitli mas
e 's gu'n labbradh e beagan fhocail
anns nach d' thoii-eadU iad moran
brig-he : oii- "sann a bha e 'dol a labh-
airt ri Abraicli, s cha robh Abrach air
bith nach tuigcadh a' Ghailig. Labh-
air e gu deas-bhriatbrach rau iomadh ni,
aig an robh co-cheangail, cha'n ann
amhain ris na h-Abraich, ach r's na
Gaidheil uile. Thuirt e gu'm bu tait-
neach leis-san a bhi 'g amharc air a'
chomhlan mhaiseach ud, oir 'an sùil
gach fir, blia e comasach dha teòchridh-
eacbd a' Ghaidheil a leughadh. Lean
e, an sin, air innseadh sgeulachdan a
thug a mach iomadh ghiodh as gaire :
" Abrach" . ars esan, " a thog air do
Ghlaschu, agus air dha bhi fagail taigh
'athar, thuirt e, ' Athair, thoir dhomh
do bheannachd ma'm falbh mi'; ' sin mo
bheannachd-sa dhut a mhic', ars 'athair,
'se a' toirt còig pmnnd Shas 'nach da.
' Ach nach can thu focail sa bith a
chiim misneach a tlioirt domh air m'
allaban an dùthaich chein ? ' ' Mata'
ars 'atliair, ' clia'n abair mise riut ach,
* Ma bheir fear sa bith an car asad aon
uair, mo naire air-san ; ma bheir e 'n
car asad an dara uair, mo naire ortsa /' "
Labhair e 'n deigh sin, air Eoghann
Mac Lachluinn. B'easan gun teagamh
sa bith, '' Smeorach chlann Lachluinn."
Rugadh e an Torrachalltuinn, an Loch-
abar, 'sa' bhliadhna 1775. An deigh
dha deagh fhoghlum fhaighinn 'an
dpthaich a bhreith, chaidh e a dh'
Abar-eadliain, far an do choisinn e
mor-chliu, cha'n ann amhain da fhcin,
ach mar an ceudna, do 'n duthaich a
dh' araich e. A' bliarr air e 'bhi 'na
sgoilear clio ainmcil "s a bh'ann ri 'linn
bha e 'na bliard taghta. Co nach robh
eolach air an Eallaidh thaitnich sin : —
" Gur gilc mo leannan
Na 'n eal' air an t-snamh.
Na cobhar na tuinne
'S e tilleadh bho n traigh ;
Na 'm blath-bhainne buaile,
'S a' chuach leis fo bharr,
Na sncachd nan gleann dosrach,
"Ga f hroiseadh mu 'n bhlar ? '"'
Agus c"ait am faigheadh iad Maebh-
KANN, an canain air bith, cosmhuil ris'
a' mharbhrann a rinn Eoghann Mac-
Lachlainn do Shcumas Beattie ? C' ait
am faigheadh iad briathran cho fior
thiamhaidh, agus cho fior fhreagarrach
riut ha seo :
" Och nan och ! mar a ta mi,
Threig, mo shiigradh mo mharan 's
mo cheòl !
'S trom an acaid tha 'm chràdh-lot,
'S goirt am beum a rinn sgainteach
'am fheoil ;
Mi mar ànrach nan cuaintean,
A chailleas 'astar feadh stuadhan
'sa' cheo,
O'n bhuail teachdair' a' bhais thu
'Charaid chaoimh bu neo-fliailtea-
mach gloir ? "
Dh'eug Mac-Lachlainn 'sa' bhliadhna
1822, agus bha e air adhlacadh an Cill-
a'-Mhaodain, an Ard-ghobhar. Bha
duilicbinn air a chantuinn gu'n robh a
thuam air ag comhdachadh leis an
eanndaig thiadhaich, an aite i bhi air ag
comharrachadh amach le clachchuimh-
ne; ach bha e 'n docbas nach biodh
a' chuis fada mar sin. — Thug 'uirgheal
raor thoilinntinn do 'n cLuideachd agus
mu'n do dheallaich iad, chaidh a dheoch-
slainte 51 le mor chaitliream.
'S duilich leinn nach eil e 'nar comas
tuilleadh de nabh' air a labhairt achuir
sios air duilleagaibh A" Ghaidheil, mar
bu mhiann leinn. Ach anns a cho-
dhunadh, faodaidh sinn acliantuinn gu'n
robh deoch-slainte 'Ghaidheil air a h-bl
gu taitneach. Dh' iarradh seo a
dhcanamh leis an ogonach cheanalta sin,
Iain MacDhomhnuill Eos. Labhair e
car nine, a' moUadh iomadh ni a bhuin-
cadh do na Gaidheil, agus ag iarradh
air na bha ais; a' choinnimh còmhnadh
Treas Mios a' Gheamhraidh, :
AN GAIDHEAL.
295
a thoirt do gach m de 'n robh faileadh
cubhraidh an fhraoich. Dh'iarr e 'n
sin soirbbeachadh do'nGhaidbeal.maille
ri deoch-slainteMbic-Cboinnich (a bba
sa cbuideacbd o'n Gbaidbeal) òl — ni a
bha air a dbeanamh gu cridbeil, agus
an deigb sin thug Mac - Choinnich
taing do'n cbuideacbd air son mar
tbaisbein iad am meas air a' Gbaidbeal,
's air fbein.
[Tba 'n Gaidheal fada 'n comain nan
Abracii air son an deagh run ; agus,
aig an am cbeudna, ag innseadb dhoibb,
ma tbeid e " air cbaluinn " am bliadb-
na, nacb ann tuaitbeal a ruigeas e taigb
Abracb a tba 'n Gblascbu ; a's air a'
laimb eile, ma tbig Abracb 'na cbar-
san aig an am gar cinnteacli a bbonnag
dha!l
NAIDHEACHDAX.
"S i naiueeacbd cho taitneacb 'sa tba
againn ri b-innseadb air a' mbios sec
— an aireamb de cbomuinn Gbaidli-
ealach a tba " 'togail an cinn." Tba
aon Cbomunn maiseacb an Grianaig
agus Marcus Lathcirn air a cbeann.
Ee an Dùdlacbd bba buill a' cbomuinn
ag coinneacbadh, 's ag cur na'n Riagb-
ailtean an altan a' cheile, 's tba sinn
toilicbte cbluinntinn gum bbeil iad a'
faigbinn air an agbaidb a reir am miann.
Cb'j, 'n Ibaod sinn gun luaidh a dhean-
amb air a' cbiad cboinneamb a bb' aca.
Aig a' cboinnirab sin bba mòran Gbaidb-
eal, agus uaislean eile aig an robh toil
do'n cbiiis. Bba triuir no ceatbrar
pbiobairean ag cluitb aig an dorus an
am do 'n cbuideacbd a bbi 'cruinneacli-
adh ; agus gun teagamb bu taitneacb
an ceol do cbridbe Gaidbealach sa bitb.
Air do'n t-sluagb cruinneachadb, air
iartus tbir-na-cathracb, gu deas-bbriatb-
racb, pongail cbuir an t-Urramacb D.
Mac-Mbuiricb an ceill cuid de na
h-aobbaran air son am bbeil an comunn
gu bbi air a steidheadb. Labbuir e mu
aoisead na Gailig, agus mu'n mheas bu
cboir a bbi aig gach fior Gbaidbeal
oirre ; " Ach " ars esan, " ged a tha
snuagh na h-aoise oirre bho chian, cha
'n eil mise 'creidsinn gur h-i a labbair
Adhamb, oir cha robh i riabb am bial
cho leibeideacb ris a bhi;d a mheall ar
ceud pbàrantan air dhoibb a bbi, na'n
priomb ionracas, ag àiteacbadh a'
Gharaidh. — Tba 'n comunn seo ag cur
rombpa moran oibre a dbeanamh agus
si ar durachd-ne gu'n soirbbicb'leo. 'Se'
ainm a' cbomuinn — CoiiUNN Gaidh-
EALACH GiIRIANAIG.
Tba Comunn Gaidbealach eile an
deigb a steidheadb 'san Oban. 'S e
'ainm-san — Comunn Oiseanach Lath-
uiRN. Tba cbuid a's mo de dh'uaislean
an Obain a' toirt gach combnadh do'n
cbomunn sco '• le'n cinn, le 'm pinn, 's
le 'n sporain,"' a's 'si ar guidh'-ne do
gach neach diubh — '-Lean do bbuillel"
Tba CoJiUNN Gaidhealach Inbhir-
Nis a' deanamb gu fogbainteacb. Tba
sinn ag cluinntinn gu'm bbeil a' mhor-
chuid de na b-oraidean ciatacb a bha
air an leugbadb le buill a cbomuinn re
na bliadhna chaidh seacbad, gu bbi air
an clo-bbualadb gun dàil, a's gu bbi air
an toirt a nasgaidb do bhuill a' cbom-
uinn, 's air an reic ri muinntir eile.
Tba Comuinn Gbaidbealacb Ghlas- '
chu a nis air sineadb air cumail an
coinneamban bliadbnail — a's gheobbar
iomradh an earrann eile de 'w Ghaidh
eal air te dbiubb : an te Abraicb.
Tba an aimsir anabarrach gailbbeach
o chionn fbada. Chaidh moran luing-
eas a chall leis an stoirm. Tba 'n call
mara 's tire cho mor 's a bba e le 's
cuimbne leinn. Bba cuid mhor de na
luingeas a cha chall air an turns a
America.
Chaidh an Granndach ath-thaghadb
gu bbi 'na phriomb fbear-riagblaidb 's
na Staidean Aonaicbte, — sgeula bhios
air a leugbadb gu taitneacb an Strath-
spe, an dutbaich d'am bun e. Nach
fior a thuirt am port, " Tba na Grann-
daich urramach ? "
Chaidh "La Naoimb Anndra" a
296
AN GAIDHEAL.
Teras Mios a" Glicimhraidli, 1S7S
churaail leis na li- Albanaich anns gach
ait, cho aobhach 's bu nos da bhi
Tha sinn an deigli paipear fhaigliinn a
Baile-'n-righ an Canada, anns am bheil
mor iomradh ah" dol-a-mach nan Al-
banach air an latha. Measg nitlie cile
tha deagh Dliiin le Eobhann "IMac-
ChoUa, " clarsair nam beann," air na
Fincachanadli' cirich " Bliadlina Tliear-
laich."
GAILIG ANNS NA SGOILTEAN.
A Ghaidheil llunaicb,
An ceadaich thu dhomh
f:cal no dlia a radh an leth-sgeil na
maiglistirean-sgoile mu dheibhinn an
robh an " Gille Dubh '' a seanchas anns
an ùirearali ran dheireadh de'n Ghaidheal?
Tha e ag radh gur e dichuimhne a thainig
air na maighstirean-sgoile a thug air
a' Ghailig a blii dol air chùl anns na
sgoiltibh. Nis cha 'n e dichuiinhne riun
so idir ach mi-inhis?icachd. Anns an
Earrach an uair a thigeadh na minist-
earan gu'n sguil a cheasnachadh rach-
adh a Ghailig fhagal gu deireadli,
agus an sin 'se tlieireadh iad, " Cha 'n
eile nine againn airson na Gailig ach o
na chuahx agus na chunnaic sinn a
cheana cha 'n oil teagamh nach eil a'
Ghailig air a deagh theagasg." Beagan
an deigh sin thigeadh Fear-ceasnach-
aidh na Ban-righ agus gun aon smid de
Ghailig 'n a cheann. Mar seo chunnaic
na raaighstirean-sgoile nach rachadh
scalltuinn air an dichioU ann a blii
teagasg Gailig agus gur ann a bha iad
ag call nine bu choir a bhi air a cleachd
adhri nithibheile. Chunnaicnasgoilear-
an nach robh meas aig na daoine mora
sin air a' chainnt a bha iad ga'n sàrach-
adh fein ga h-ionnsachadh agus nach
faigheadh iad cliii no moladli ge be air
bith cho math 's a leughadh iad i.
Mar seo le mi-mhisneachd air gach
taobh chaidh a' Ghailig ach beag a
chuir as na sgoiltean ach cha 'n ann leis
na maighstirean-sgoile, ach leis na
daoine bba thairis orra.
D. C,
Maighstir-Sgoile.
To THE Editor of ''The Gakl."
NiDDRY Lodge, Kensington, London W,,
December 9, 1872.
Sir, — In your last number you printed an old Gaelic Ballad which I sent to
you from Inveraray Castle. I have now the honour to send you another.
This was found by Mr Donald MacPherson, loose in a drawer at the Advocates'
Library, together with the following letter from Doctor Irvine, of Little
Dunkcld, Avhich gives a pedigree : —
("/< is not known to whom this hitcr iras adilrcsscd.^')
'' Dear Sii:,
" I seized tlie first spare inomeut after my return to look out for the song
of wliich I spoke, and now send it to you with a hurried translation, which 1
endeavoured to make as literal as possible. You must pardon its defects as it dues
not aim at elegance. No English can convey tlie happy turns of the original." . . .
" Jt was sung to the harp as it was probably composed with the harp. The name of
the bard I have not got, though he was certainly the family bard and harper. He
glances at the story of the lady being exposed on the rock in the sea as a scandal ;
but tradition is uniform on the subject, and the bard refers to the cause of such a
barbarous deed. His lady bore to Lachlan no children, which explains ' that
blossomed not to our wishes.' " . . . " He was killed by John Campbell, of
Calder, his brother-in-law, tradition says in revenge.
" Dear Sir, your most obedient Servant,
"(Signed) A. HIVINE.
" Uunkeld, Cth January, 1810."
Treas Mios a' Gheamhraidh, 1873.
AN GAIDHEAL. 297
Dr Irvine, about 1800, made a large collection of Gaelic poetry. A copy
of his manuscript was bought by Mr David Laing, of the Signet Library. By
bis permission, that collection is now printed in my Book " Leabhar na
Feinne," as Text O. Dr Irvine proposed to collect orally, and to publish
the Gaelic poetry which was current in his day. He printed a Prospectus ;
his work was approved by the Highland Society, but it never appeared.
The story of the ballad is well known, and has often appeared in books. In
Vol. IV., Popular Tales of the West Highlands, p. 44, I quoted a version of
part of the story, taken from a manuscript genealogy of the Argyll family.
The story, as I have it from many sources, printed, MS., and oral, may be
very shortly told.
Archibald, Earl of Argyll, and Chancellor of Scotland, who fell at Flodden,
1Ò13, had a numerous family. One of his sons married the heiress of the
Calders, and founded the family of Lord Cawdor. Another founded the first
family of Skipnish. The daughters were " Janet, Lady Athol ; Mary, Lady
Islay, (married to Macdonald ;) Margaret, Lady Erskine or Marr ; Isabel, Lady
Cassells, (who was a writer of Gaelic poetry;) Massy, Lady Toward or Lamont;
Elizabeth, Lady MacLean of Mull." The Laird of MacLean caused his wife to
be placed upon a tidal rock in the Sound of Mull, which is called the Lady's
Eock to this day. Her brother, the Laird of Skipnish, who was passing through
the Sound of Mull in his barge, rescued her. Iler husband, as it now appears
from this Gaelic song, had a sham funeral, and some Mull bard composed the
lament, which Dr Irvine recovered. The Laird of Calder, meeting IMacLean in
Edinburgh, thrust his sword, scabbard and all, through his brother-in-law,
which event is recorded in the Irish annals of Loch Ce, and in the Argyll
Genealogy.
The widow '"'" Lady MacLean was married afterwards to Archibald Camp-
bell, Laird of Achinbreck, to whom she bore John Campbell, called John
Ayrach, because he was nursed in Glenaray. He was the first of the former
house of Stronedoar in Knapdale."
So far as I am able to form an opinion, the Gaelic ballad recovered by
Dr Irvine is a genuine composition of the time of James V. or Queen Mary,
orally preserved, and slightly altered in dialect by time and modern ortho-
graphy. Dr Irvine's translation renders the meaning ; a poet like Sir Walter
Scott might give life to the translation,
I am, Sir, your obedient servant, J. F. Cami'Bkll.
Oran [cumha] do Bhantighearn Dhu
airt, d' om b' ainm Elizat, piuthar do
Ghilleasbuig, larla Earraghail sa
bhliadhna 1530, Leis a Bhard Mhuil-
each.
DR IRVINE S TRANSLATION.
A song to the Lady of Duart, whose
name was Elizabeth, sister to Archi-
bald, Earl of Argyle, in the year
1530, by the Mull Bard.
'S cianail, gruamach, coimheach guar- j Sad, gloomy, fierce, and wintry wild
ach Looks the lofty stormy hill,
A d fhas am f uar mhon ard Boisterous, rugged, high rolling the
An Caol tha salach, molach, bailcach, j Since the fair Ainnir died; [strait,
O'n dh' cug an Ainnir bhàn ; The root of innocence, the branch of
Friamh na gloine, Geug na loinne | union
A d fhas gu lurach àill' — Which blossomed in all the luxuriance
I of beauty.
298
AN GAIDHEAL.
Treas Mios a' Glicamhraidh, 1873.
Thug fras dhunai, bhuainn guu fhuir-
A thilg a bun os burr. feacli,
'S cruadalach am beurn a bhuail sinn
An uair bu bhuaint ar dull;
Bha sinn cridhail, suntach. mirail,
Gun bhraon snith air sùil,
A' Chlùrsach a' toirt ccòii le h-aiteas
Fir ag cleasachd dlii
An tulach ait le toirm ar gaire
As baird a seinn an cliu.
'IS'uair a sheallas ris an aonach
'S ioma fras a caochla rian
'Nuair as motlia bhios ar dochas
'S ann as motha ar doghruinn shios
S ionann sin 's mar thacliair dliuinne
'N uair a b' fhuranacb ar miann
Dh' aom a' Chreag le toirm gun abh-
acbd
As air ar n-ailleas laidli a ghrian
Cha 'n ioghna Lacliuinn thu bhi dcur-
ach
Chain thu reul nan oighean
Chain thu ionnus mor do cheannich
Chain thu tuigse chomhra
Chain thu sgiath dhian do chaidribh
Chain thu airde foghlum
Chain thu lul a chuain ghabhai
An uair a b' airde dò-shion
Thainig i mar bhoillsge greine
Thoirt leus air oiche cheothar,
Sgap i uainn an duthlachd catha
Bha cur smal air òigri,
Chcangail i suas ar creuchdan ruiteach
Thiondai guin gu sò-ghràdh,
Thugi dhuinn ar n' airm 's ar n' eidi
As reitich i gach dù-bhcairt.
But which the shower of Death
Suddenly swept away, laying its
honours low.
Disastrous the blow which struck us
When our hopes feared no change,
Our hearts overtlowed with joy,
The drop of grief fled from our e'e
The harp raised the exhilarating song,
The warriors plied the teats of
strength,
The rock re-echoed the song of laughter.
The bards sounded the praise of
chiefs.
Mai'k the sloping height
Darkened by the shower, enlivened
by the sun ;
We indulge the hope never to be
changed ;
It breaks, the deepest affliction over-
whelm us,
Such our portion.
We looked forward to days of peace,
The rock burst with the thunder of
death,
The sun set upon our pride.
Great, Lachlan, is
grief ;
Thou hast lost
women,
Thou hast lost a treasure beyond value,
Thou hast lost discretion in converse,
Thou hast lost the shield of friends,
Thou hast lost the perfection of
science,
Thou hast lost the compass of the
frightful ocean
Lashed by the fiercest tempest.
She came like the sunbeam
To illumine the cloud-envelop'd night;
She dispersed the storm of battle
Which saddened the hearts of our
youth ;
She bound up our bleeding wounds,
She turned our feuds to feasts of love;
She took off our arms and martial
garment,
And calmed each deathful strife.
the cause of thy
the polar star of
(7^0 he concluded in our next.)
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT.
JANUARY, 1873.
ENGLISH EIVER NAMES, &c.,
DERIVED FROM THE GAELIC
LANGUAGE.
In a former article it was very dis-
tinctly shown, that a large numljer of
English and Scotch river names were
identical, and that their derivation was
from the Gaelic language, and not the
Welsh. The examples given extended
also all over both England and Scotland,
proving" that it was the same race that
had given the names in both countries,
and speaking the same language.
There will now be laid before the
reader a very great number of English
river names which are most evidently
derived from the Gaelic language. In
Yorkshire, the " Dow" is clearly from
the word Du or Dubh, meaning " dark "
or "black." The surname "Dow," in
Scotland, is always pronounced as if,
spelled Du. The " Aran," in Sussex,
is from the obsolete Gaelic word " Ai- "
meaning " slow," and the very common
contraction An for " a river," whereby
it is " the slow river." The rivers
called "Rea," in Worcester, and the
" Wi'ey," of Devonshire, are from Reldh,
and of which Gaelic word they are
■almost the exact pronunciation ; the
meaning is " the smooth river." The
large river called the " Tees," certainly
appears to come from Deas, and may
signify either " the river to the south,"
with reference to the Tyne north of it,
or " the south running rivei'," which
the Tees does for several miles from its
source. The "Lee," of Cheshire, is
apparently from Liath (the letters th
are mute), and it is pronounced Leeil,
meaning " the grey river ;" this name
has a great similarity to the "Leven's"
of England and Scothmd, so also the
" Leen," of Nottingham, seems to have
the same origin, with the addition of
the contraction An, for Abhuinn, a river;
thus it is Lkdh-an, and is also " the
grey river."
The "Lidden," of Worcester, was
anciently spelled Leden, and, therefore,
appears to be derived from the two
words, Lend and an, meaning "the broad
river." The " Nar," of Norfolk, seems,
no doubt, to come from the Gaelic Near,
(the contraction of An-ear,) meaning
" the east flowing river ;" the Nore,
a part of the estuary of the Thames,
appears to be related to this word.
The rivers named "Stour" are found
in Ptolomey's Geography of the year
A.D. 120, where the name given is
" Sturius." This practice of adding a
termination to Celtic names was com-
mon to both the Greeks and Romans.
We see in this instance that a Gaelic
etymology is very clear, because, when
the foreign termination is removed,
Stui-[ms) remains, derived from the
Gaelic Shirr, which means "rough" or
" uneven." Mr Edmunds, in his work,
controverts this being applicable ; but
this evidently shows he does not know
how strictly accurate the name applies
to the Stour of Dorsetshire, which
rises in the high lands of that county,
and for several miles in its descent
from its source it is both " rough " and
" uneven." From the Gaelic word
Cai\ or Char (when aspirated), meaning
" a bend or curve," we have the ety-
mology of three English rivers, the
"Char," of Dorset; the " Chor," in
300
THE GAEL.
Lancashire ; and the " Kerr," of IMid-
dlcsex.
The " None," in the county of
Northampton, is a corruption, appa-
rently, of the name of the Celtic god
of the waters, called Ncithe ; the
"Nid," of Yorkshire, seems also to
have the same etymology as the Scotch
river '* Nith," and Avhich was anciently
spelled "Neith,'" derived, undoubtedly,
from "Neithe;" so also the "Neath"
of the county of Glamorgan. Mr Ed-
munds states there is no proof the
AVelsh race knew of a god of the
waters ; but if this last river was
named by the "Welsh when they were
heathens, it is probable they did know
it. If not named by them (the Welsh),
then it was by the Gael, and is another
proof to be added to those that show
the Gael preceded the Cymri in
Wales. The " Anker," of Leicester-
shire, is clearly from the Gaelic An-ciar,
which signifies " the dun or russet-
coloured river." The •' Duddon," of
Westmoreland, appears to be from
Dubh-an, meaning " the dark river."
The "Gelt," of Cumberland, appears
plainly to be a contraction of the Gaelic
words Geal-allt, meaning " the white
or fair stream." In Scotland there are
several rivers named '' Gelly" and
'' Gcldie," which have the same deri-
vation and meaning. The " Condcr"
in Lancashire is most evidently from
Caoin - dur, " the gentle water or
stream." The "Bere," of Dorset, is
the exact pronunciation of the ancient
Gaelic word Bior^ which signifies
" water." It is very remarkable the
afiinity of the Gaelic to other
Eastern languages. Thus " Beer,"
in Hebrew, also means '' water," and
in Arabic,"Bir," (identical with Gaelic)
is " Water." The " Ver," of Hereford-
shire, is hhir, the aspirated form of the
(jlaelic word hir, meaning "water,"
the letters hh in it are pronounced the
same as the letter V in English ; hhir
occurs all over Scotland in the verv
commonplace name of //u'er. The "He,'
of Somerset, seems to be of quite the
same derivation as the Scotch river
" Islay," which was always anciently
written "He," thereby identical with the
one in Somerset, this word is derived from
the Gaelic losol^ and means " the low
flat-flowing river," which correctly de-
scribes its character. There is in France
a very similar named river, given of
course by the Celts of Gaul, called the
" Isole," and in Soain there is an
"Esla."
The " Cam," of Cam.bridge, is iden-
tical with the Gaelic Cam, meaning
" the winding or curved river." Mi-
Edmunds states cam is common both to
Gaelic and Welsh, but even, if so, the
probability is in favour of the Gael
having given the name from the vast
number of English rivers derived from
their language. The " Cann," of Essex,
the " Ken," of Westmoreland, which is
identical with the " Ken," of Kirkcud-
bright, and also tlie "Kenne," of Devon-
shire, are all of them derived from the
Gaelic word Ceann, meaning ''head,"
or "extremity.'' The "Cover," of
Yorkshire, is from the Gaelic word
Cohhar, (the bh is pronounced V)
meaning " the frothy river.'' The
large English river, the " Severn," is
very apparently derived from Gaelic
words, namely Seimh - bhurn, mean-
ing " the gentle or tranquil flowing
water or river," which is very descrip-
tive of it. In the above first word, the
letters 7nh are pronounced as V in Eng-
lish, so also is the bh in the next word ;
thus these two words together though they
look so very different to the name of this
river, are, in fact, very close to it, the
pronunciation being as if written '' Save
or Shave-vourn," which, after many
ages, is not very differently represented
by tlie word Severn. The rivers called
the "Ock,"of Berkshire, and the "Oke,"
of Devonshire, appear to be no doubt
from the obsolete Gaelic word Oich,
which means " the water;" there is in
THE GAEL.
301
Scotland both a river and a loch called
the " Oicli." Mr Edmunds' etymology
of these two last English rivers is ma-
nifestly wronp:, he brings it from the
Englisli ^vord " Oak;" but if that was to
be accepted as correct, then these rivers
must have remained without any names
for hundreds of years, because the
Angles did not arrive till the 5th or Gth
century in sufficient numbers to give
river names ; besides, Cajsar, 55 years
before Christ, and Agricola, in tlie
first century, found the country fully
peopled.
There arc two different rivers, both
called the " Coin," in Essex and Glou-
cester, very clearly from the two Gaelic
■words Caol-an, meaning "the nar-
row river " ; the " Cole," of Warwick,
and the " Coly," are most probably
derived from the same words. The
river " Thames " is considered by the
Eev. 1. Taylor, and others, as most
undoubtedly related to the Gaelic word
Tamil, and thereby means " the still
quiet river," whieh is very descriptive of
the Thames.
James A. Robertson.
{To he continued.)
GAELIC STATISTICS — CENSUS
OF SCOTLAND.
It was in 1801 that they begnn to
take the census every ten years. Every
time that this was done they ought to
have noted the number of persons able
to speak Gaelic. They have always
neglected to do this. During the year
1870, representations from various
quarters were made to the Home Secre-
tary to urge this, but to no effect. The
census return from Scotland, England,
and Ireland, is in the form of a report
from the Registrar- General, of each of
the three divisions of the United King-
dom, to the Home Secretary. There is
a separate Act of Parliament for each
country passed in the year before the
census-year. The wording of each Act
is the same. Previous to 1851, in Ire-
land, they improperly neglected to note
the number of the Irish-speaking popu-
lation ; but in 1851, 1861, and 1871,
they had the sense to do this. The
form they use is very good and business-
like. They note 1. The number who
speak Irish only. 2. The number who
speak Irish and English. 3. Total per-
sons speaking Irish. 4. Proportion per
cent, of persons spenking Irish to the
whole population. This is given separ-
ately in each province. The per cent-
age of Irish speaking persons to the
whole population was in 1851, twenty-
three, and in ISGI it was nineteen.
lu the Isle of Man, and in Wales,
the Celtic language statistics have
always been neglected, in the same way
as with us in the Highlands.
Who are the parties to blame for
this ? As the census return is in the
form of a report from the Registrar-
General at Edinburgh to the Home
Secretary, it is clear that the former
ought to make a proper return, and if
he does not, then it is the riglit and
the duty of the latter to find fault.
The Lord Advocate has the supervision
of Parlimentary bills relating to Scot-
land ; if any of them are faulty, blame
belongs to him. If, every ten years
since 1801, the Gaelic language statis-
tics had been ascertained and published,
they would in after times have been
looked upon as a valuable historical
record. In the year previous to the
one when the census is to be taken, an
Act of Parliament is passed respecting
it. In this Act there ought to be dis-
tinct mention of the Gaelic, Welsh,
Manx, and Irish languages ; it is a
matter too important to be left to
chance, or to the caprice or indifference
of whatever officials may happen to be
in office at the time.
Besides their historical interest, these
statistics would strengthen the argu-
ments of the friends of Gaelic schools.
302
THE GAEL.
As the Act of Parliament respecting
the Irish census is under the same as
the Scotch Act and the English Act,
we wish to know how it is that in Ire-
land they manage to take the language
statistics, when in the Highlands,
Wales, and Man, they omit to do so.
This neglect is very sad and very dis-
gusting. As it is the country that is
at the expense of the census being
taken, the country has a right to re-
quire that it be taken in a proper
manner.
Thomas Steattok.
LEABHAR NA FEIKNE,
Ok Hekoic Gaelic Ballads col-
lected AKD ARRANGED BY J. F.
Campbell. London, 1872.
[Owing to 2')ressiire on ow^ columns, ive
u-ere comjjelled to curtail this article.']
To the Editor of the "Popular
Tales of the AYest Highlands" — that
wonderful repertory of Gaelic lore — we
already owe a debt of deep gratitude
for the indefatigable industry and
enthusiasm with which he has rescued
from oblivion these fast disappearing
popular ' talcs, which afforded such
delight to our Celtic ancestors. In
his present work (so happily described
in the euphonious and comprehensive
title of Leahhar na Feinne), of which we
purpose giving a very brief account,
Mr Campbell has h:ul even harder
work to perform — work involving much
time and consideration, and ' a good
deal of what we can well conceive to
have been very irksome drudgery. As
the title indicates, the book is a collec-
tion of popular ballads relating to the
Feiime, or of what is familiarly termed
Ossianic poetry, culled from every ac-
cessible unsuspected source— from the
Dean of Lismore, of 1512, to the Tiree
policeman of 1872. Intermediate
among his authorities, figure bishop
and barrister, minister and advocate,
tailor and traveller, policeman and
pauper, who are all thrown into Mr
Campbell's crucible, to furnish tha
pure ore of which his text is composed.
Conspicuous by their absence are the
once well-known names of James
Macpherson, and Dr Smith of Camp-
beltown, whom the editor, Avith scru-
pulous delicacy, declines to cite as
witnesses, in accordance, we suppose,
with the legal maxim, that no person
can be called upon to criminate him-
self.
The Ballads or Texts are arranged
on the following plan, under nine
heads, according to their chronological
sequence : — 1. The story of Cuchullinj
2. The story of Deirdre ; 3. The story
of Fraoch ; 4. The story of Fionn and
the Feinne, and Korse wars ; a. Paro-
dies ; 6. Later Heroic Ballads ; 7.
Mythical Ballads ; 8. Poems like Mac-
pherson's Ossian ; 9, Pope's Collection.
Under the first four headings, which
form, of course, the chief interest of
the book, the different versions of the
same ballads are given chronologically
in the order of collection — in the ortho-
graphy of, and word for word with,
the original — thus showing, at a glance,
the variations in spelling during several
centuries, and mutations orally-pre-
served literature undergoes in the
course of its transmission to posterity.
Mr Campbell's introductory matter is
full of interest. He gives a most
minute account of all Scoto-Celtic MSS.
existing, or known to exist, from 900
downAvards, as well as of all printed
books containing Ossianic poetry, with
the two notable exceptions we have
mentioned. Every piece adopted in his
texts is scrupulously authenticated, and
he everywhere throughout the work
rigidly adheres to his originals. We
have here collected into one volume
what has been for so long re-
quired— all the Fenian ballads of un-
doubted origin hitherto scattered broad-
cast in scarce books and in MSS.
dillicult of access— in short, the ballads
THE GAEl
303
of popular tradition, known to the
common people. We hardly need refer
to the great literary and philological
interest of such a book, as it will doubt-
less receive from learned Celtic scholars
that notice which it so highly deserves.
Read simply as ballads, and apart from
all adventitious sources of interest,
Leabhar na Feinne is thoroughly enjoy-
able to all who can read Gaelic, and to
all such we cordially i-ecommend this
handsome and beautifully printed vol-
ume, so worthy of the subject. We
look forward with much interest to the
promised English translation, as "we
shall doubtless have from the learned
barrister a summing up of the evidence
in causa, Campbell versus Macpherson,
a subject which, in the present volume,
receives but passing reference. We
confess a feeling of kindness for ihe
latter, notwithstading all his pride and
perverseness and the trouble he has
caused. So,
If you're strong, be merciful,
Great Campbell of the "Tales."
— Com municated.
THE BONNET, KILT, AND FEATHER.
Air— " Wha'll be King but Charlie?"
Whe>t time was young, and Adam strung
His leafy garb together,
Then first were planned the outlines grand
Of bonnet, kilt, and feather.
Cnorus—0 dear to me as life can be
The land where blooms the
heather ;
And doubly dear the lads who
wear
The bonnet, kilt, and feather !
Your dandy vaunts his skin-tight pants,
Just fit such things to tether;
But give to me, all flowing free.
The bonnet, kilt, and feather.
In lordly hall, or courtly ball,
Where all that's grand foregather.
There's nothing seen to match the sheen
Of bonnet, kilt, and feather.
The georgeousness of Solomon's dress,
Put Sheba's queen thro'ither, —
A proof to me his Majesty
Dress'd in the kilt and feather !
Let despots all, both great and small,
Who wish to "save their leather,"
Beware how they come in the way
Of bonnet, kilt, and feather !
Let Alma's height— Bal'clava's fight —
Suffice to show you whether
There's aught to fear for freedom where
Are seen the kilt and feather.
At Inker man the Buss came on,
Like fiends from regions nether,
Yet there in blood, victorious stood
The bonnet, kilt, and feather.
If awe or fear came ever near
The Corsican bloodshedder,
It was to scan in battle's van
The bonnet, kilt, and feather.
On Egypt's sands they taught his bauds
To rue they e'er went thither ;
At Waterloo immortal grew
The bonnet, kilt, and feather.
Behold them now by Ganges' flow
Still brighter laurels gather ;
Ail odds are braved, a nation saved —
So much for Icilt and feather.
0 garb sublime for any clime !
What mortal man would swithcr,
To toast Avith me now, three times three,
The bonnet, kilt, and feather!
Evan Mac-Coll.
CORRESPONDENCE.
THE RIVER NAMES OF ENG-
LAND AND SCOTLAND, AND
WHAT THEY PROVE.
Sir,
As myself and my book ("Traces of
History in the Names of Places/'^ are
referred to several times in the article
by Col. Robertson in your November
number, a copy of which has just
reached me, I apprehend you will allow
me space for a few words of reply.
Taking the least important point first,
I may say that I cannot claim the
honour of being a Welshman. I am
content to be known simply as what I
am : an Englishman of Anglo-Norman
lineage, who has devoted many years
to philological studies, in which the
Welsh language has not been omitted.
504
THE GAEL.
My niiiin object in writing, however, !
is the more important one, of the ety- !
mology of the river names of England. |
In my book I Iiave gone througli the
whole of the names cited by Col. l?ob- :
ertson. and have given my reasons for
believing that they all, vi'itli two excep-
tion?. "Usk" and "Eden," are fully
explicable as British or Cymric words,
and that, therefore, having found a
sufficient cause, we are not called upon
to ask further. Granting, however,
for the sake of argument, that I have
not succeeded in my demonstration, I
submit that Col. Robertson's case is not
mended by tlic admission. There are
certain general considerations which
override all arguments at detail in this
matter.
First, It is certain that none of the
rivers mentioned by Col. Robertson are
of either first or second magnitude. Ex-
cepting only the Dun and the Aire,
which are but small streams, the others
are all insignificant obscure brooks, not
worthy the name of " rivers."
Secondly, All the rivers of any im-
portance in England have either pure
British names or British names Angli-
anised. For example, Tiiames, from
taf; Severn, from Hafren. Dee, Ilum-
ber, Wye, Derwent, Tees, are all pure
British, or very nearly so.
Thirdly, The existence of Celtic-
named brooks in outlying districts is
fully accounted for by the historical
fact of the repeated incursions of
Picts and Caledonians into South
Britain during the fourth and fifth
centuries. It is not to be supposed that
the invaders all rccrossed the Tweed ;
and small isolated colonies may have
given names to the brooks about which
they settled; in a country which was
very sparsely peopled. (See Ciildas,
Nennius, the A. S. Chronicle, etc.,
■passim.) Parallel traces of Irish incur-
sions are frequent in "Wales, in words
of which (JwyddelC'man of the woods,"
or Irishman) forms part, but we do not
conclude from thence that the Irish
were the first inhabitants of Wales.
As to the Cyrary in Scotland, I
quite accept Col. Robertson's theory
that they were military colonists planted
by the Romans, but I cannot with equal
readiness accept the details of his
argument. Clydesdale seems to me to
contain many more Cymric names than
he admits. Lanark (from llanerch, a
dearing), Tintock (iin-iug, portions of
the district), Dun-briton (now Dumbar-
ton), Ben Arthur, &c., are examples.
These two latter places, too, are so near
Argyllshire that I think it by no means
certain that Col. Robertson is right in
I asserting that " the Cymry never were
there." I suspect, too, that Lomond is
none other than the British laman,
a standard, meaning a place where the
tribes assembled, like the Saxon ivap-
ensliaw. Plinlimmon, in Wales, is cer-
tainly Pum-lnman, the hill of the five
standards. — Very respectfully yours,
Flavell Edmunds, F.U.II.S.
Ilerford. Nov. 15, 1872.
AN DUANAG LTLLAMII.
Sir, — The Gaelic poem, of which
Mr J. F. Campbell has sent you a copy,
■\vas published in Ronald JI'Donald's
collection in 1776, and again, in 1809,
in a second edition of ihe same collec-
tion. J\Ir Campbell's copy agrees
generally with M'Donald's, but, in some
places, it is less accurate, as shov.'n by
the following comparison : —
Verse 16. For
" Clan na Leoin gu laidir lionmhur
O'n Fhion mhullach,"
(The Macleans, strong and numerous,
From the white [fionn] top),
M'Donald's copy has,
" Clann a leoin gu laidir lionbhir,
O'n tir mhuillich."
(The Macleans, strong and numerous.
From Mull).
V. 18. For
" Chean(n) bheirt " (helmet), M'Don-
ald's copy has "cheannart" (chieftain).
THE GAEL.
301
Y. 21. For
" Calen na d'aighsan gun coimhmheas
An Thiarla uirach " —
Which Mr Campbell translates,
" Colin, after him, is peerless,
That noble Earl ' —
M'Donald's copy ha?,
" Cailain na dheigh sin gun choimeas,
An Tiarl Aorach."
(Colin^ after him,* matchless.
The Earl of Aray.)
V. 9.
"Dheantar an slaogh dhireach dualach,
Mar bhraigh thosuigh " —
M'hich Mr Campbell translates,
'• Tlieir straight cables are made coiled,
To top the fo'k'stle " —
is, in M'Donald's copy,
'"Deintir an staoigh dirich, dualich,
Mu 'n bhraigh tshoisich.''
(Deantar an stadh direach, dualach,
Mu 'n bhraigh thoisich.)
Slaogh, in Mr Campbell's copy, is obvi-
ously a mistake for staogh. M'Donald's
2nd edition hasstag/i, butthe more correct
orthography is stadh. The stadh (stayj
is tlie rope that sustains the mast
(II. S.'s Diet.). It is drawn tight or
straight (direach), and fastened with a
knot or loop (dual) to the fore-breast.
V. 12. For
" O' mharcuigh reamhra " —
which Mr Campbell translates,
•' From rich mark lands [? markets],"
M'Donald's copy has,
" O 'm barcibh reibhra."
(0 'm barcaibh reamhra.)
V. 13.
"Le laigh a chartas,"
Mr Campbell translates,
" With hands of justice."
But laigh, if any part of the noun
làmh, must be the dative singular
(Idhnh), and cannot, therefore, mean
hands.
M'Donald's copy has —
" Le laoigh a chearteais " — •
And, if we compare laoigh with staoigh
* For " 'na dhièfrh-san."
for staogh^ stagh (v. 9), we may safely
conclude that
" Le laigh a chartas " —
is for
''Le lagh a' cheartais."
(With law of justice.)
Laoich* for laoch (v. 11, M'Don.'s copy)
and seoiladh for sebladh (v. 8, Mr C.'s
copyj, are other examples which may be
compared with laigh for lagh, and laoigh
for laogh, lagh.
V. 2G. " Gurrain" (Mr G.'s copy) is
for " dh' urrainn.'' M'Donald's copy
has " dhuirrin."
I may notice also that, while Mr
Campbell's copy entirely disregards,
M'Donald's partially observes, the
grammatical inflections.
Both copies have several Irish idioms.
In jM'Donald's Collection, the poem
is said to have been composed by the
bard of Maclean, and the date assigned
to it is 1569. — 1 am, &c.,
Alkxandeu Cameron.
Ronton, ord Dec, 1872.
"THE HIGHLANDER."
We have just received the prospectus
of a newspaper (bearing the above
happy title) which is to be published in
the Highland capital. Judging from the
prospectus before us, The Highlander
will be not only an excellent news-
paper, but will also supply a desideratum
which is now very much felt, and the
well-known talent of its editor — Mr
Murdoch — warrants the hope that it
shall rank among the best of weeklies,
and assume a free and independent air.
The Higldander has one oJiject in
view, which, of itself, should obtain for
it the sympathy and support of sliochd
nam bea?ni everywhere — " to advocate
the interests, and afford expression to
the views of the inhabitants of the
Highlands and Islands of Scotland."
In ventilating- local matters, The
» " Liuthid laoich" for " A liuthad
laoch" (so many heroes.)
506
THE GAEL.
EigldamJer shall take an active part. It
promises to give the " earliest and
most authentic intelligence." The High-
lander is not only to be Ilighland in
sentiment, for the language also is to
receive special attention, a department
being set out for that purpose. Ihe
Highlander has our warmest sympathies,
and -vve hope its undertakers will find it
a success both socially and financially.
Its publishing company is at present
being formed. The capital shall be
£3000, in 3000 shares of £1 each, and
it is hoped that that sura will speedily
be gathered, and Tlte Highlander enabled
to don liis tartan, and wield his " clay-
more " in the cause of his country and
his race.
For the benefit of our readers we
subjoin a few extracts from the pros-
pectus before us: —
" A primary object of The Highlander
■will be to awaken au iuteUigent and vigor-
ous public spirit, and afford opportunity
and encouragement to the inhabitants of
the Highlands and Islands to be heard in
their own behalf, and in matters on which
they are best able to judge. Highland
interest, however, will be advocated, and
Highland ideas ventilated, in no narrow
spirit, but in the conviction that High-
landers have duties to perform as well as
rights to defend. * * * * *
" The nation now begins to see that the
policy of depopulating the country, and
throwing the land out of cultivation, was
an economic blunder of the gravest sort,
carried out in cruel disregard of the feel-
ings and instincts of the people. The
Highlander will endeavour to give effect to
the wiser and more generous views now
taking possession of the public mind —
advancing alike the real interests of land-
lord and tenant, and at the same time
benefiting all otlier classes of the com-
munity.
" Among the topics, therefore, which
shall have prominence, are — the Land
Question ; Game Preservation and Deer
Foresting ; the best systems of llural
Economy and Practical Husbandry ; the
establisliing of I^Ianufactures in the Iligh-
lands ; the Fisheries ; the working of
Mines, Quarries, and Peat Llosses ; the
Utilization of Sewerage ; Railway Exten-
sion, Management, &c. Other questions
will arise to be dealt with according as
they aft'ect the well-being and doing of the
community.
" Gaelic is still spoken, perhaps, over one-
half the area of Scotland, and by consider-
able numbers in our large towns and colo-
nies ; whilst the learned of all lauds look to
the Gaelic language for valuable materials
with which to perfect Philology, Archeo-
logy, and other branches in Science and
Pliilosophy. The views of both the learned
and the unlearned shall be met, and tlie
columns of The Highlander made, so far,
racy of the soil, by some space being de-
voted to Gaelic articles, tales, poetry, and
music, both ancient and modern. Occa-
sionally, Gaelic readers shall be introduced
to Irish, Manx, Welsh, &c." * * *
XEWS OF THE HIGHLANDS AND
ISLANDS.
The Celtic Society of Edinburgh, which
was founded by Sr Walter Scott, and of
which the Duke of Argyll is President, is
to hold a grand fashionable ball in order to
collect funds in the aid of establishing the
Gaelic PROFEssousnir.
Kingussie, — A masonic Iodide has been
founded here of late, and several of the
most respectable in the village and vicinity
have become members. Wiiile we are so
enthusiastic in upholding -'foreign ele-
ments," might we not do something to up-
hold our nationality ? While other villages
are starting Gaelic societies, might Ivingussie
not try its luck by taking a step in that
direction too ? It sends more members to
the Inverness, Eoss, and Nairn Club than
any other place of its size in these three
counties ; and could we not be equally
munificent in supporting a Gaelic Society,
to bring forth any latent flame which may
still be dormant within us of the genius
inherited by our brave ancestors ?
ANSWEPvS TO COPtRESPONDENTS.
Ekuatum. — Whilst the last number of
The (lael was going through the press, two
words have fallen out of tlie ninth line of
the Gaelic translation, by " Nether-Locha-
ber," of Kebbecca's Hymn. In some copies
theg are, others want them. The verse
begins thus : —
"An sin bha laoidhean naoimh a's sailm
Le tromp a's tiomhan 'seirm do chliù." &c.
I Leabh.]
CEUD MIOS AN EARRAICH, 1873.
[12 AiR.
AIR CRUINN - 3IHEALLABH
SOILLSEACH NAX SPEUR.
IV. — Eakrann.
AIR CAOGELAIDHIBB NA
GEALAICH.
Tha oibre an Tighearn leliòbhaih
òirdheirc agus seasmhach. Gheail e
fèin, do nach comus breug a dheanamh,
gu'm buanaich na beannachdaa agus
na trbcairean, ata 'srutbadh o theas agus
o sholus na greine co fad 's a bhuaa-
aicheas an talamh fein. Tha e ag
ràdh, "Am feadh a mhaireas an talamh,
cha sguir àm an t-sìl-chuir agus foghar,
agus fuachd agus teas, agus sùmhradh
agus geamhradh, agus là agus oidhche."
— (Gen, \ì\\. 22.) Ge' be taobh air an
amhairc sinn air feadh na cruitheachd,
cha chomus duinn gun mheur a' Chrui-
their fhaicinn anns gach nì ! Shuidhich
e a' ghrian agus na reultan ann an
speuraibh neimh, air chor is gu'm bheil
ceithir ràidhean na bliadhna a' teachd
gu riaghailteach an dèigh a cheile agus
a' cur nghaidh a' chruinne-che fo
chaochladh dreach ! 'S an Earrach.
tha fear agus luibhean a' briseadh a
mach as an talamh agus a' còmhdacbadh
a luime ! Tha an tuathanach a' sgapadh
rogha SÌ1 'n a fhearann, a bheir a mach
toradh ioma-fiUte ann an am iomchuidh.
'S an t-Samhradli than talamh 'n a Ian
ghlòir, — gach luibh agus craobh fo
bhlath, agus gach toradh luachmhor
'ga thoirt a mach leis a' ghrein ! '' Tha
na cnuic ri gàirdeachas air gach taobh,
na cluainean air an sgeudachadh le
treudaibh, agus na glinn air an comh-
dachadh le h-arbhar. " — "S an Fhoghar-
adh, fàsaidh na h-achan geal, — sàthaidh,
am buanaiche a staigh a chorran, lionar,
an t-amar fiona, agus cuiridh an dabh-
ach thairis.! — " ladsan a chuir le deu-
raibh, buainidh iad le gàirdeachas!
Esan a chaidh a mach agus a ghuil, ag'
lomchar sil luachmhoir, thig e ris le
gàirdeachas, a' giiilan a sguab.'' — Mar^
so, lionar cridhe an duine le gean agus
subhachas, agus ni e aoiblineas 'n a
shaothair uile ! 'S a' Gheamhradh,
caochailidh an talamh a shnuadh agus
j riiisgear dheth a bhreaghad ! — "As an
àirde-deas thig ioma-ghaoth, agus
fuachd as an airde-tuath ! Le anail
Dhd bheirear reodhadh ! Bheir e sne-
achda mar dainn ; sgaoilidh e an liath-
reodh mar luaithre ! Tilgidh e a mach
eigh mar ghreamanna ; c6 dh' fheudas
seasamh roimh f huachda ? '' — Mar so,
i tha co-slmidheachadh na talmhaina
ann am fochair na greine, a' toirt air
rùidhean na bliadhna aon a' cheile a
leantuinn ! Air uairibh, tha 'ghrian a-
tilgeadh a gathan laga air saoghal reota
ach air uairibh eile, tha i a' cur a mach.
a soluis agus a teas airionadaibh tuatha
na talmliainn, agus a' co-i'oinn beatha
agus maise riu ! Mar so, tha Dia air
a ghlorachadh 'n a oibribh !
Labhair sinn roimhe air na reultalbh.
Mekcuri, Bhexus, agus an talamh,
agus nochd sinn gu'n robh an làitheau
agus an ùidhchean aca maraon, Tha
teallsanaich an diiil, gu'm bheil gealaich-
ean aig Mercuri agus Bhenus, chum an
oidhchean a shoillseachadh ; ach air do
na reultaibh sin a bhi co teann air a'
ghrein, cha 'n 'eil innleachd air an geal-
aichean fhaicinn, ma tha iad aca. Ach
tha sinn cinnteach, gu'm bheil aon
"healach mhor, bhuidhe, againn fein.
308
AN GAIDHEAL.
Ceud Mios an Earraich, 1873.
chum dorchadas ar n-òidhchean fhòg-
radh air falbli ; agus ni sinn dichioU, a
nis, air cùnntas goirid a tlioirt oirre.
Cha'n eil a' gbcalach 'n a reiilt, mar a
ta Mercuri, Bhenus, an Talamh, agus
reultau cile, acli is ball cruinn i, a ta,
'cuàirteucbadh na greine ! Tba ochd
gealaichean deiig, gu leir, aig na rcul-
taibb. a bbuineas do'n gbrOin againn ;
agus diubb so tba aon aig an Talanib,
.-•.eitbir aig lupiter, — seacbd aig Saturn
agus sea aig Uranus. Tba a' gbealacb
againne 'cuairteacbadb na talmhainn
ann an seacbd la, ficbead, seacbd uaircan
agus tri agus da fbicbead mionaid ; ach
o cbaocbladb gu caocbladb, tba i 'gabb-
ail naoi la ficbead, da uair dbeug, agus
ceitbir agus datliicbead mionaid, cbura
a cuairt a cboimblionadb. Tba i beag
an coimeas ris an talamh ; oir cha'n
'eil i ach da mbile, aon cbèud, agus tri
ficbead de mbiltibb troipe, an uiir a tba
an talamh dliitb air ocbd mile de mbil-
tibb troimbe 1 Tha'n talamh uime sin,
còrr agus tri ficbead uair ni's mo na
'gbealacb. Tha i ni's faide o'n talamh
air uairibb scach a cbeile ach tha i mar
a's trice mu dbà cheud, agus da fbicbead
mile de mbiltibb air astar uaitbe! Thai
a' siubbal 'n a cearcall mu'n cuairt do'n
talamh da cheud, ceitbir ficbead agus
deich de mhiltibh anns an uair ! Tha'n
talamh a' cuairteachadh na greine ann
am bengan a thuilleadh air tri cheud,
tri fichead,agus còiglàithean; tha 'gbeal-
acb, uime sin, a' cuairteachadh na
greine 'san iiine cheudua; ach tba i
'deanamh mòran astair a bhàrr air an
talamh, do brigb gu'm bheil i 'ga chuair-
teachadh gachmios, agus a' cumail suas
ris, a thuilleadh air sin, 'na chuairt mu'n
ghrein. Air an aobhar sin, tha e soil-
leir, gu'm bheil a' gbealacb a' deanamh
cuairte na talmhainn mu tbimchioU na
greine ann am bliadbna ; ach osbàrr,
tba i an taobh a staigh do'n nine sin a
ouairteacbadh na talmhainn 'na cearcall
fein tri uairean dcug. Tha 'gbealacb
cosmbuilris an talamh, 'n a meall cruinn,
dorch, unite fein, a ta soilleir a mbàin
trid ghathannaibh na greine a bhi 'bual-
adh oirre. Air an aobhar sin, tha'n
leth sin dbith a ta fa chomhair na greine
a ghniith soilleir, agus an leth eile ann
an dorchadas. Cha'n fhaic sinne i aii^
am a caocblaidb, do bbrigh gu'm bheil i
direach eadar sinn agus a' ghrian, agus
an taobh dorch dhi ruinn. Ach air di
beagan astair a dbeanamh 'ua slighe,
chi sinn earrann bbeag do'n taobh shoil-
leir aice, a ta sior mbeudacbadh, gus
am bi i fa chomhair na greine, air an
taobh cile do'n talamh, an uair a chi
sinn an taobh soilleir aice gu loir, agus
an sin, tha i Ian, cruinn, agus dealracb.
Air an dòigh cheudna, tha i a" caitbeamb,
gus an ruig i, a ris, eadar sinn agus a'
ghrian, an uair nach fhaicear idir i.
Tha i cosmbuil ris na reultaibh a' tionn-
dadh air a mul fein, agus tha e anabar-
rach iongantach, gu'm bheile an ùine a
ta i 'gabbail chum sin a dbeanamh co-
ionann ann am faidead ris an iune a ta
i 'toirt a mach, chum cuairt a chur air
an talamh. Agus air do'n chùis a bhi
mar sin, tha e 'tachairt gur e an aon
taobh dhi a ta'n comhnuidb ruinne, ge
b'e aite d'a cuairt anns am bi i. Tha'n
taobh so a ghnàth soilleir ; oir an uair
nach bi a' ghrian 'ga sboillseachadh,
tha'n talamh a' toirt soluis da, tri uair-
ean deug ni's dealraicbe na'n solus a ta
'gbealacb a' tilgeadh air an talamh.
Tha'n taobh do'n ghealaicb, gidlieadb,
nach 'eil sinne idir a' faicinn, soilleir rò
cheithir l;i deug, agus dorch re cheithir
la deug eile. Air do'n ghealaicb a bhi
CO fagus do hlimh, an coimeas ris na
reultabh, tba cothrom ni's fearr aig na
reultairibbairafaicinlc'ngloiueacbaibh.
Tha iad, uime sin, a' deanamh a mach
gu'm bheil i, cosmbuil ris an talamh,
air a còmhdachadh le beanntaibb,
gleainitaibb, agus macbraicbibb !
Chaidb cuid de bheanntaibh na gealaich
a thombas, agus tha iad mar a's trice
da mhile air airde ; tha iad cruinn, agus
corrach, agus anabarrach lionmhor.
Cha'n fhacas a' bbeag de choslas uisge
anns a' "healaich, ajirus cha'n 'eil adhar
Ceud Mios an Earraich, 1870.
AN GAIDHEAL.
309
aice, no neòil mu timcliioll, mar a ta aio:
an talamh. Feumaidh aimsir na geal-
aiche a bhi anabarracli iongantach, agus
caochlaideach, air di a bhi, re cheithir
la deug eile air a claoidh leis an reodh-
adh as teinne a dh' fheudas a bhitli.
Ma tha creutairean a' ghabhail taimh
oirre, m nach 'eil neocbomasach do'n
Ti Uile-Chumhachdach òrdacbadh, tba
e cinnteach, gu'm bheil iad air an
dealbhadh leis-san, le nàdur freagarrach
?àr a son ; oir, a reir ar beachd-ne, cba
b'urrainn do chreutairibh na talmhainn
so a bhi beo oirre.
Ged tha solus na gealaiche diblidh
agus fann, an coimeas ri solus deàlracli
na greine ; gidheadh, tha efeumail agus
taitneach, chum dorchadas nan oidh-
chean fada geamhraidh fhògaradh air
falbh ! Shuidhich an Cruithear a'
ghealach ann an speuraibh nèimh, mar
" an solus a's lugha a' riaghladh na h-
oidhche," agus rinneadh i " air son
chomharan, agus air son aimsirean, agus
air son làithean, agus bhliadhnachan,"
CO math ris a' ghrein ! Air an aobhar
sin, tha ach beag, gach uile chinneach
a' tomhasiiine le cuairtibh na gealaiche!
Tha cuid de chiuneachaibh ann, nach
'eil a' tomhas na h-aimsir le bliadhnaibh
idir, ach a mhiiin le gealaichibh ; — agus
mar so, ged robh daoine 'nam measg
ceud bliadhna dh'aois, innsidh iad an
aois, cha'n ann le bliadhnaibh, ach le
airearah nan " gealaichean," a bh' ann
o'n la air an d'rugadh iad ! Thugadh
àithne do na h-Israelich iobairtean-
loisgte, agus tabhartais-bidh a thoirt
suas ann an toiseach am mlosan, agus
tha sinn a' faicinn gu'm bheil '^ gealai-
aichean lira," — ''Feilkansmdhichte..'' agus
" Sabaidean" air an ainmeachadh mar
amannaibh a bha naomh do'n Tighe-
arna ! — (Aireamh. xxviii. 11. Is i. 13,
14.) Bhuanaich na h-Iiidhaich ann a
bhi seideadh an trompaidean aig am an
gealaichean iira, gus an do sgapadh iad
air feadh an t-saoghail ; agus a reir a'
chleachdaidh so, thug an Salmadair
seachad an aithne,
Seidibh an stoc 'sa' ghealaich nuaidh
Air laithibh òrduicht' feill ;
Bu lagh sud aig Dia lacoib fus,
'S bu reachd do Israel.
Sgiathanach.
CALLOr A' GHLINNE.
VI. Earrann.
Air an f heasgar ud 's an do dhealaich
Galium agus a chompanach ri cheile an
deigh na chunnaic agus na chual iad
re an cuairt ann an taigh-osda " Acair
an dochais," bhuail amharusan ioma-
guineach air 'intinn, a thaobh fior-chliu
Mhicheil, agus mu'n do choidil e air an
oidhche ud, thainig e gu co-dhuuadh
gur h-e ma'dh'fhaoidte a bu tear-
uinte dha a bheachd air cliii Mhicheil
innseadh dha gu saor fosgailte gun
sioma-guad no tumhartaich, agus ciil
a laimhe 'chur ris mar charaid agus
mar chompanach. Mhothaicli e gu'n
cuireadh sud deuchainn air a mhisnich.
agus air a dhuinealas ; ach air dha a
Bhiobul a ghlacadh mar bu ghnath.
leis, gu cuibhrionn a leughadh mu'n
deachaidh e d"a leabaidh ; 'nuair a dh'
fhosgail se e, thuit a shuil air aon de
na h-earrannan a bh' air an comhar-
rachadh le "mhathair mu'n do chuir i
'na chiste e — ''■ Sgriosar companaeh an
amadain." Rinn an earrann ud greim
air 'inntinn nach d'fhairich e riamh.
roimhe, agus chuir e roirahe, ach mo
thruaighe, 'na neart fein, nach biodh
tuillidh gnothuich aige ri Micheil aon
chuid mar charaid no mar chompanach;
ach 'n uair a choinnich iad air an ath
mhaduinn, threig a mhisneach e. Bha
Micheil cho fàilteach agus cho aoigheil
's a b' abhaist dha 'bhi. Bha coguis
Challuim ga eigneachadh gus an run
suidhichte dh'ionnsuidh an d'thainig e a
dheanamh aithnichte, ach thainig an
Reuson feolmhor ann san eadraiginn,
ag cagarsaich 'an cluais Challuim, —
ged a bha e fior gu'm faodadh com-
panaeh an amadaindol a dhith, gur
310
AN GATDHEAL.
Ccud Mios an Earraich, 1S73.
trie a bha companach subhailceacli
deagh - bhcusach "na rulieadhoin air
amadain a philleadli o'n amaideachd
gu caithc-beatha riauail modhanail ;
agus a tbuillidh air sin, chuir Micheil
ioma comuin air, le ullambachd gu bhi
ga sbeoladh agus ga oilcineachadh a
thaobh ioma ni amis nach robh e foin
f hatbasd coimblionta mar f bear ceairde.
Aig an am cbeudna, tliainig Micbeil
gu bbi 'tiiigsinn gu'n robh Galium eu-
cosmbail 'na ghne agus 'na cbliii ri
ioma Gaidheal og a b' aithne dha, a
thainig do Ghlascbu, agus a thaisbein
anns a' cbend del a macb, gu'n robh iad
air an deagb oileineachadh agus fo
dheagh cbliu modlianail aig a' bhaile,
acb air dhoibh iad fein f haotainn air
falbh o shuil an luchd-eòlais, agus am
measg choigreach, a thilg dhiu, ann an
uine gle ghoirid, g'acb cuing leis an
robh iad air an cumail air an ais o
dhroch cuideachd agus o gach mi-bheus
f oUaiseach, agus a leig srian fhuasgailte
le'n anamiaunaibh. Cbunnaic e gu
soilleir nach robh Galium idir cho
saorsachail no cho fosgailte 'na chonal-
tradh 'sa b'abhaist leis ; gu'n robh rud-
eigin air inntinn d'a thaobh fein nach
bu toigh leis a nochdadh, nime sin,
chuir e roimhe a slieoltachd a chur an
cleachdadh gu bhi, na'ra bu chomasach
e, ag cosnadh air ais na chaill e a reir
coslais, d'a nihuinnghin agus d'a dheagh
ghean, mar a dh' f haodar a thuigsinn
0 'n chomhradh a leanas : —
"A Challum," arsa Micheil, "Am
bheil creideamh agad ann an Gnuis-
fhiosachd, no am bheil a bheag deeolos
agad oirre?"'
Galldm. — Cha'n eil mi idir 'na m'
neochreideach d'a taobh mar ealdhain,
no mar fhiosrachadh, ach cha'n fhaod
mi 'radh gu'n d' thainig mi' fhathasd
gu' bheag de adhartachd ann an eolas
oirre. C'arson a tha thu 'cur na
ceiste ?
Micheil. — Gu bhi 'taisbeanadh
dhuit gu'm bheil mi 'faicinn gu soilleir
na do ghnuia, gu'm bheil thu ag altrum
droch bharail d'am thaobh fein, o'a
fheasgar air an do thaghail sinn ann
an taigh-osda Mhic gcd nach do
nochd thu fhathasd e na do chainnt
no Ic do ghiulan.
Callum. — A dh' aindeoin do gheire,
agus d' adhartachd mar ghnuis-thios-
aiche, faodaidh tu 'bhi air do mlieall-
adh. Air a' chuid is lugha, cha'n eil
mi 'saoilsinn gu'm bheil e dligheach
dhut neach air bith a chasaid no
choireachadh airson a' srauainteaa
diomhair, gus an dean e aithnichte
iad ann an cainnt, no ann an gniomh.
Micheil. — A dheagh chompanaich !
Na smuainich gur h-aun ga do chasaid
a bha mi. B'lhada uam e. Is ann a
bha mi thuige so^ ga m' thaisbeanadh
fein dhuitse ann an cruth fallsa, nach
buinidir do m' fhior-chliu, agus feumadli
tu mo lethsgeul a ghabhail. Is i a'
chrioch a bha agam 's an amharc, deu-
chainn a chur air do ghne agus air d'
fhior chliu-sa. Thug mi do'n taigh-osda
thu, for am b'fhio&rach mi gu'm bheil
moran dhe d' luclid duthcha 'n an luchd
tathaichbunailteach, agus air an cleach-
dadh anns an ruidhteireachd ghraisgeil,
umpaidheach, mhi-thoinisgeach achuala
sa cbunnaic thu. Bha 'mhiann orm
f haicinn an robh no nach robh aomadh
co-ghncitheil agad ri 'leithid sud de
chaitheamh ainisir, agus 'n uair a
cbunnaic mi' gu'n robh an cuideachd
'na grain dhuit, thug e mor thoileach-
adh dhomh. Cha'n eil teagamh
agam nach eil thu. 'nad fhior chrios-
duidh, mar a tha mi fein. Gha'n eil
mi 'an amharus, o na fhuair mi dh'
eolas ort, gu'm bheil a bheag de cho-
fhulangas agad ris na baoth-chreid-
ich, luchd nan '' aodann fada."
Galldji. — Ciod a tha thu 'ciallach-
adh le luchd nan '' aodann-fada'i"'
jMiciieil. — Na gabh gn h-olc e—
cha'n eil mi ag ciallachadh ni oilbheumach
air bith. Tha fios agad gu'm bheil cuid
de Inchd-aideachaidh anns gach àite,
ach gu h-araidh 'am measg nan Gaidh-
eal, a tha cho cumhan agus cho canra-
'C'eudidios an Eàrraich, 1870.
AN GAIDHEAL.
311
nach, is nach giulain iad le neach air
bith nach eil ann's na h-uile ni a dh' aon
bheachd riutha fein ; agus nach tog suil
no sron o'n talamh re na seachduiu, no
idir air an t-sàbaid. Ged a tha iad ag
gabhail orra fein a bhi 'n an creidmliich
mhora ! cha'n aidich iad gu'm bheil dad
is fearr air an siubhal na ascreideamh
agus daorsa, dorchadas, cruas agus
mugaireachd. Cha'n eil iad a reir cos-
lais, beo fo ghras ach fo'n lagh, ag
giulan air an coguisean fein an t-uallach
a bu choir dhoibh a leagadh air-san a
chaidh a lot airson am peacaidhean, agus
air an do leagadh smachdachadh an
sith. Ach ged nach toigh leam an cliu
mar luchd aideachaidh, cha'n eil mi idir
ag creidsinn gu'm bheil an giulan
Phairiseachail ag eiridh aon chuid o
cheilg no o liibaireachd ach o n' chreud
chumhau chruaidh shean - fhasanta
anns am bheil iad air an oileineachadh.
Callom. — Am faod mi fheoraich,
ma seadh, Ciod is cliu do'n chreud anns
an robh thu fein air d'oileineachadh
mar f hear aideachaidh ?
MiCHEiL. — Is i mo chreudsa mo
choguis — " Cha'n eil mi fo'n lagh ach
fo ghras." Comh-sheasmhach ri saorsa
an t-soisgeil — cha'n eil mi 'meas gu'm
bheil cionta ann an smuain, ann an
cainnt no anu an gniomh air bith, nach
eil air an diteadh le mo choguis fein,
oilbheumach do m' chomhchreutairean
no mi-dhileas do ughdarras aimsireil na
rioghachd. Cha'n eil mi 'creidsinu
gu'm bheil miann no iarrtas no togradh
a bhuineas do m' nadur, nach eil e
dligheach dhomh a riarachadh ann am
measarrachd. Cha 'n oil creideamh agam
ann an diomhaireachd air bith a tha os
cionn m' eolais, mo thuigse agus mo
bhreithneachaidh.Sin agad suim agussus-
bain mo chreudsa. Ciodi dobharailoirre?
Callum. — Is i mo bharailse, ma ta,
nach eil a' choguis 'na bunait thearuinte
do chreud neach air bith, do bhrigh
gu'm bheil i a thaobh naduir 'na dorch-
adas, agus ann am feum a bhi air a
soillseacbadh leis an fhirinn. Gu'm
bheil saorsa an t-soisgeil — eadhoin, an
t-saorsa leis an do rinn Criosd a phobull
fein saor, amhain ga'n saoradh o mhall-
achd an lagha, agus ga'm fuasgladh
uaithe mar choimhcheangal beatha ;
agus mar tha an lagh ag cur an anam
gu Ci'iosd airson fireantachd agus neart,
gu'm bheil Criosd ag cur an anam air
ais a dh' ionnsuidh an lagha gu bhi ga
ghabhail mar riaghailt beatha agus
umhlachd. Ni mo is i mo bharail gu'm
bheil saorsa an t-soisgeil a' fuasgladh
an anama o bhi a ceusadh na f eola maille
ri 'h-antograidhean agus a h-anamiann-
aibh. Is i mo bharail mar an ceudna,
a thaobh cliu agus gne an fhior chreid-
imh, gur h-e " brigh nan nithe ris am
bheil dochas e, agus dearbhcliinnt nan
nithe nach faicear."
MiCHEiL. — A! a charaid, tha mi
'faicinn gn'n thog thusa do chreud,
cha'n anu o sholus do choguis fein, ach
o theagasgan sean-f hasanta. Air dhuit
a bhi cho deigheil air leughadh, gheibh
thu mach ri h-uine, ged a bha beachdau
nan seann Diadhairean freagarrach do'n
linn 's an robh iad beo, gu'm bheil iad
air tuiteam fada air dheireadh air solus
adhartach, agus air ard-fhiosrachadh
na linn so.
Bha Micheil agus Galium mar so air
an cleachdadh an drasd 'sa rithist ann
an deasbudan dc'n t-seors ud : Micheil,
gu seolta agus gu faicilleach a' deanamh
na b' urrain e, gu bhi ga aomadh gu
beachdan seachranach, agus gu giulan
fuasgailte ; agus cha b' fhada gus an d'
f hairich Galium bochd air a chosd fein
" nach eil e ann an comas neach a
dh'imicheas, a cheumanna a stiùradh.'
Bhuadhaich e air gun dail gu bhi 'del
leis air uairibh do na taighean cluiche
agus do na seomraichean dannsa. 'Na
shimplidhcach neochoireach, cha robh
aithne no amharus aig Galium a thaobh
fiorchliu nam maighdeanan riomhacb,
iollagach a bha 'tathaich nan Seom-
raichean dannsa. Koghnuich Micheil
dithis dhiu air an robh e eolach, mar
bhan-chompanachaibh dha fein agus do
312
AN GAIDHEAL.
Ceud Jlios an Earraicb', 187S
Challum. Ach gu bhi 'cur ar sgeoil an
giorrad — cha do dh"fbairioh Callum ni
air bitli fhathasd 'nan conaltradh no
'nan giulan, a dliuisgeadh "amharus mu
'm fior cliliu, mar sin, dli'aontaich e.
air oidhche araidli, ri cuireadh a tbug
iad dba fein agus d'a cbompanacb gu
suipeir aig an dacbaidh fein. Air dboibb
tionndadb a staigb troi tbrannsa dorcba
de nacb do gbabb CaHum bocbd mor
cbiatadb, ann am priobadb na sula,
tbionndaidb aon de lucbd freiceadain
na sraide a lanntair ri an aodainn,
Tbug Micbeil agus a bban-cbairdean
iad fein as, cbo grad 'sa bbeireadb an
casan iad, agus db' fbag iad Callum
agus am Policeman le cbeile. Bba e
nis acb beag ^lir a bbodbradh agus air
a dballadb; cha b' fbios da ciod a
' tbeireadh no 'dbeanadb e. Gbrad tliuig
! 'f bear-tiorcaidb mar a bba cbuis. Rinn
CaUum 'fbaosaid ris gu saor agus gu
b-onorach, "Mo gliille matb," ars'
I esan, " bi taingeil do"n Fbreasdal cha-
oimbneil a cbuir mise 'an so air an
! dearbh am so; fbuair mi tbu acb beagan
sblatan o stairsneacb aon de na taigbean
sin mu 'm bbeil e air a radb ' Is e a
taigb an t-sligbe gu ifrinn, a dol sios gu
seomraicbean a bbais.' '
MuiLEACn.
{lii lecmtuinn.)
CUMHA DO BHAINTIGHEAENA DPIUBIIAIRT.
(Condiuh'd from page 29S.)
Nam be inleacbdan ar nambaid
Bbrisadb barr ar coisridb
'S ioma cLiidbeamb cruadbach glas
A leumadb grad gu feolacb
'S ioma gaisgeacb armach, treunda
Bbeireadb beum sa cbo-stri
Edar Beitba caol Cbinntire
As Ripport Eilain Cbeotbacb.
Db'eiradb Letbauich 's Donulicb
Mar sbrutb nam mor bbeann ard
Db'eireadb Stiuartich as Cattaich
A bbuadbaicb neart nam blar
Tbigadb Guinich nimbeil cblaoiteacli
A bbeira tuinnse gu b'ar
Cba bbiodb an aicbeambail gun iarraidb
'S fireoin chiar an aird.
Acb ciod am fatb raun luidh dutblacbd
Air lutbar ur nan crann
Gbbac am biis an Rigliin ailde
'S tbaisg an aros tcann
Cbaidb fo 'n fhoid ceann gacb seoil
Beus gun ?god beul gun sgleo
Cridb gun gbo gnuis gun cbeo
Lamb sgapa oir gun taing.
Had tbe arts of our enemy-
Broken tbe flower of our social train,
A tbousand swords of well-tempered
Would quickly start to blood, [steel
A tbousand well-armed warriors
Would strike a blow in tbe conflict,
From tbe narrow proraontory of Can-
To Ripport of the misty Isle, [tyre
M'Leans and M'Donalds would rise.
Like tbe stream of tbe towering bills ;
Stewarts and Catti would rise,
Who gained tbe strength of battles.
Campbells deathful desolating would
Rushing fierce to slaughter ; [come
Revenge would not be unsought,
For tbe dark brown eagles would
rise on high.
But why should the tempest of winter
Settle on tbe green-branched yew ?
Death seized the Princess of beauty,
And closed her in the narroAv hall.
Under tbe turf lay the first in every
grace ; [scandal,
Virtue without pride, lips without
A heart without guile, a face unclouded,
A band to scatter, without seeking
praise.
Ceud Mios an Earraich, 1873.
AN G AID HEAL.
313
Thog iad tuaileas le mar fhuarachd
Bha suarach air ar call
Gun chuir sian Eala chiaa nam math-
ghniomh
Air sgeir na mar thonn thall
Grura beil i beo le luth's s treoir
A dusgadh orain lann
Ach 's mise cliuala fuaim a deile
Nuair iuidh fo fheur a ceann.
Clia 'n ioghna nis sjiit larla Aorach
Bhi caoin air ioma doigh
'S liutliad leaga fhuair a chraobh
Am bu lionmhor geugan aigh
Chain e meangan diuth a b' ailli
Nach d'fhas fo bhlath gur deoin
Thuit i sios am platha sula
'S shearg a sugh fo 'n fhoid.
Clilàrsacb gabh anis do thamh
Tuille 's grain leam fonn do cheol
Clia tig i chluinntinn failt no furan
Cha riiig d' iorram i 's an Ion
Cha diiisg i chluinntinn tornian theudan
No cupan deine am dhorn
Falbhai mise mar tig ise
'S bidh sinn cridhail anns na ueoil.
They who valued not our loss
In malice raised the tale
That we placed the swan of noble
deeds ,.-.,,
On yonder shelf of mighty waves, " :
That yet she lives in bloom of health,
Awakening the song of swords ;
But I heard the sound of her coffin
AYhen her head was laid under the
grass.
The Earl of Aora may lament,
Many are his causes of grief ;
Many a blast assailed the tree
Of thick blooming branches.
She lost the fairest bough
That blossomed not to our wishes ;
In the twinkling of an eye it fell,
And withered beneath the turf.
Harp ! take now thy rest,
The sound of the voice shall please
no more ;
She will not hear the salute nor hospi-
table song ;
Thy mournful strains cannot reach
her in the mead.
She will not hear the melody of thy
strings,
Nor will she hand the cup to inspii-e
my notes ;
She will not come, but I will depart,
Together we shall rejoice in our
clouds.
Note. — " The annals of Loch Cè," printed, with a translation by ITennessy
ill 1871, treat of Irish and other affairs during 576 years, from 101-i to 1590.
Under date 1513, James IV. is mentioned as " ri Alban," and his people as
" Alban-chaib," his cliancellor who fell at Floddeu, Archibald, Earl of Argyll,
is called " Mac Ailin."
1528, " Ridire Mac Mic Ailin " treacherously slew '• Mac gilla Eain mor
Mac Echainn" in the town of Edinburgh.
This entry relates to .John Campbell, first of the Campbell family of
Calder, son of the Earl of Argyll, who is styled "8th Mac Callen Mor" in
Scotch writings, and "Mac Ailin " in the annals of Loch Cè.
1529, " Mac Ailin i.e. Cailin, son of gille espuig, the choice of all in Oirer
Gaeidhel for prowess and bounty died.''
This entry refers to the man mentioned in the song printed above, p. 2 GO.
The events recorded in these two songs are therefore dated by Irish authoi-ities.
314
AN GAIDHEAL.
Cend Jlioa an Earraich, 18TS.
XITIIE XUADir AGUS SEAX.
Tha coig uithc <inn air am feud na h-
uUe amharc mar cbiiirdean agus mar cbom-
panaich dileas trkl turais na bcatha so. Is
e a cheud ni, eolas a bhi againn gu blii a'
cra-'an aghaidli an uilc ; an dara ni cleachd-
anna subhailccach a ghnatliachadh ; an
treas ni, saorsa a bhi againn o tbeagamh ;
an ccathramh ni fiiighautachd 'n ar caithe-
beatha ; agus an coigeamli ni, deagh-
ghiùlan.
GisADH AGUS SoxAS— Cha 'u 'cil ni sam
bith ni's fhusa 's an t saoghal na "bhi sona,
n'an smuainichcadh sluagh air. Cha 'n 'eil
ann an Sonas ach ainm eile air Gkadh. Far
am bheil Gradh ann an teaghlach, an sin,
mar an ceudna, tha sonas, eadhon ged robh
aire agus eigiu 'n a lorg. Air an laimh eile,
far nach eil Gkadh, ged robh e ann an
liichairt, cha tig Soxas a chaoidh. Is
mearachdach an ti a thubhairt, "An uair
a thig Bochdninu a stigh air an dorus,
theid Gradh a mach air an uinneig." Cha
teid idir, oir tha'n fhirinn air an dòigh
eile. An uair a thig Bochduinn a stigh
air an dorus, cha teich f lor Ghradh idir, 's e
nach teich, ach seasaidh e gu treun, daing-
ean, agus cuiridh o an cath gu cruaidh an
aghaidh gach namhaid. ladsan a ta 'gan
smiiaineachadh feiu truagh, raunsaicheadh
iad am bheil Gr.ADii nan cridheachaibh
feiu, mu'm faigh iad cron do neach no do
m eile. Fosgailidh beagan bliriathra gradh-
ach, taitneach, tla, an t-slighe chum tuilte
soluis a bhoillsgeadh a steach do 'n tigh a
rinneadh dubh, dorcha le tiugh-neulaibh
na h-aisith agus a' bhuaireis !
TOIMSEACHAIN.
1. Kud dubh, dubh,
Tha e chum feum an iomadh cruth
Cha dean e feum marlabhair c,
'San deigh labhairt dha cha'n fhiach e,
2. Tomhais, torahais, toimscachan,
Eadar mi fèin 's Dòmhnullan,
Toilidh na ceudan ann,
'S cha toill mi fein 'n am aonar ann.
.3. Cailleach anns an taigh ud thall,
'S bi 'n rag chailleach i ;
Cha d'ith i greim riamh.
'S cha d' rinn i altachadh.
4. Air do dhii chailleach a bhi 'dol do 'n
mhargadh le uibhean, thuirt an dara tc
ris an te ei"
aon ubh, is bithidh a dha uiread agam
's a th'agads-a." " Cha toir," ars an te
eile, "ach thoir thtisa dhomh-sa dithis is
bithidh uiread is uiread againn." Co
mend a bh' aca an t-aou ?
5. Chuir tuathauach a ghile do'n mhargadh.
a's thug e dha ceud punnd Sasunnach,
leis an robh e ri ceiid ceann a chean-
nach; — daimh aig coig puiund Shasimn-
ach an ceann ; caoirich aig a h-aon ;
agus geòidh aig sgilliun Shasunnach an
t-aon. Co meud a bhiodh aige de gach
neaii, luiiuu iiii uiiiit tu
Thoir thusa flhomhsa I
UILLEAM MAC DHUNLEIBHE,
AM BARD ILEACH.
Tha e iomadh uair air a radh gu'n
dcach ùm agus liun na bardachd
seachad a chaoidh. 'Si a' bharail a
tha coitchionn ri tacliairt oirre, nach
eil a nis, iad idir ann, is urrain clarsach
nam Filidh a threig a dhusgadh gu ceol
— gu'm feud ranntachd a bhi ann ach
nach cil fior bhardachd ri amas oirre
am measg luchd-seinn ar latha-ne.
Cha n-eil a'bbarail so gu buileach ceart,
oir ged nach eil an t-am so cho torrach
ann an luchd dealbh nan oran is a bha
linn Phrionnsii Tearlach, gidheadh
tlia an dràsd agus a' rithisd aon ag
eiridh an so agus an sud a dhcarbhadh
gu'm bheil fuigheal de Spiorad nam
Bard fathasd beo 'nar measg, nach do
threig ceolrach bhinn tir nan treun 'us
naGaidhlig gu tur luchd duthcba
Oisein is Dhonnchaidh Bhain. A'measg
na muinntir a tha dearbhadh so dhuinn
is airidh Uilleam MacDhunlcibhe air
aite urramach ihaotuinn. Oir tha an
obair aige a' dearbhadh dhuinn gun do
thuit tonnaig aon de na Filidhean a dh'
fhalbh airsan, is gu'n robh fior Spiorad
na Bardachd aige. Tha 'obair airidh
air aite onorach fhaotuin "am measg
Bardachd na Gaidhealtachd agus
mairidh i air chuimhne cho fada sa
bliithcas meas air Gaidhlig fhallan agus
shnasmhor, agus air smuaintean àrda
agus oirdhearc.
Rug'adh Uilleam MacDhunleibhe
C'eud Mios an Earraich, 1S73.
AN GAIDHEAL.
315
ann an Gairtmeadhoin, ann an
sgiorachd Cliill-a-rudha 'an He, mu
mheadhon Foghar na bliadhna 1808.
Tha e air ainmeachadh ann an leabbair
na sgiorachd gu'n deach a bhaisteadh
air I5mh de mhios meadhonacb an
Fhoghair; is o'n a bha e' na cbleachdadh
cumanta anns a' Ghaidhealtachd aig an
am sin gach* leanabh bhaisteadh mu'n
rachadh an t-ochdamh latha seachad,
is docha gu'n d' riigadh easan mu'n
t-seachdarah latha de'n mhios. B'e
Seumas MacDhunleibbe a b' ainm d'a
Athair, agus Cairistine nic Faidein a
bu mhathair dha. Bha 'athair 'na
shaor is ag oboir aig" an uasal urramach
sin, Ualter Caimbeul, Tighearna He.
Ge'd a bha teaghlach mor aige thug e
sg'oil is oilean math do gach aon diu.
B'e Uilleam, a reir innse fein a bu
lugha fhuair de sgoil dhiu — a chionn
is gu'n robh e' na bhallachan guanach
aotrom nach fanadh anns an sgoil, is
nach d' thugadh aire dhi 'nuair a
bhitheadh e innte. Air an aobliar
sin chaidh a chuir 6g ri ceard. B'i a
'cheard a roghnachadh air a shon, an
taillearachd. Bha e anns an am sin 'na
chleachdadh aig na taillearan a bhi
'dol o thaigh gu taigh, a dh'obair anns
gach àite anns am biodh aodach ri
dheanamh. Is iomadh naidheachd a
bu ghnath leis a' Bhard innseadh mu
na cleasan a's fhealadha a bu ghnath
a bhi air an cleachdadh 's na cuideachd-
an aotrom ud a b' abhaist coinneachadh
far am biodh an taillear 'sa chuid
ghillean ag obair. Bhitheadh beurais
a's bearradaireachd, ranntachd a's bar-
dachd, ursgeulan a's toimhseachain
a dol ann am pailteas a's cha bhiodh
facal Uilleim air deireadh, a's cha b'i a
theanga a bu mhaoile. Gei nach b'e
so an sgoil a b' fhearr gu baiachan og
a theagasg aon chuid ann am beusa-
leachd no ann an gliocas, tharruing am
Bard og cuid de theagasg uaith. Bha
'inntinn air a geurachadh trid nan
deasbaireaehdan a bhitheadh aca, agus
dhuisg na sgeulachdan a bha air an
innseadh iartus 'na anam gu tuillidh
fiosrachaidh fhaotuin mu na linntean a
dh'fhalbh, is mu na daoine treun' a
sheas agus a chathaich as leth an duthcha.
Gu moch thoisich e air rannan a chur
ri cheile — se a chiad oidheii-p a thug e
ann an rathad bardachd oran a rinu
e do chù a bha aige, a's ged nach robh e
ach og aig an dm, tha e a' foillseachadh
gun rohh spiorad na fileachd aige.
Tha na rannan so a' tolseachodh air
an doigh so : —
"Brannan beag mo chuilean boidheach
Tha thu laghach baigheil suairc,
Cha bhi thu tabhann ri daoine,
No'curnancaorachanns an ruaig," &c.
Ged nach eil na rannan so idir a'
foillseachadh air dhoigh air bith.
cumhachd nam buadhan ud a bha nan
cadal ann an anam a' Bhaird, tha iad
nan dearbhadh air firinn an t-sean
radh, " Poeta nascitur non fit," se sin,
nach dean oilean, ach gibhtean naduir
a mhain, Bard do neach. Goirid an
deigh so chuir e ri cheile aoir air muc
a chaidh air chall is mu dheighinn an
d' rinn an neach d'am buineadh i othail
mhor a' smaointeach gu'n deach a
goid. Cha n-eil an aoir so a nis ri a
faotuinn agus is mor am beud oir
bha i a' foillseachadh tapadh-inntinn
nach bu bheag". Is iomadh uair a
dh'iarradh air a sgriobhadh ach cha robh
toil aige, bha e ag radb, ainm daoine
coire air an robh e an am fealadha a
deanamh fochaid, a bhi air an cur 'san
doigh sin an lathair an t-saoghail, is air
an aobhar sin dhiult e a sgriobhadh.
An deigh dha a bhi reidh 'sa cheard
dh' fhag e ealain duthcha a's thainig e
gu Galltachd, ach ma dh' fhag cha do
dhi-chuimhnich e na chual e mu na
sean laoich a dh' fhalbh, is chuir e
roimhe tuilleadh foghluim fhaotain dc
thaobh eachdraidh a dhuthcha. Is
ged a bha aige ri obair gach latha,
rimaich e gu'n deanadh e suas an
dearmad a rinn e air sgoil ann an
316
AN GAIDHEAL.
Ceud 3fios an Earraioli, 187S.
laithean òige. Thoisich e air leughadh
gach sean eachdraidh air am b' urrain
dha a laimli a chiir. Ach elia b'fliada
g^us am faca e ma blia c ri sean
Fhordun is a clio-luchd eachdraidh a
thuigsin gu ceart gu'm f eumadh e eolas
fhaighinn air a' cbanain anns an do
sgriobh iad. Le duinealas fior Ghaidh-
eal thug e 'aghaidh air an Laidinn, is
ged theagamh, nach còrdadh an
rathad anns an leughadh e i ri ard
sgoilearan, rinn c c-fein cho eolach oirre
is gun rachadh aige air Laidionn nan
linntean dorcha eadar theangachadh ni
b' ihearr na iomadh aon a bu mhotha
cothruman agus sgoil. Theagaisg so
e-fein mar an ceudna anns an Eabh-
radh agus anns a Ghreugais cho fada
is gu'n rachadh aige air a rathad a
dheanamh a chum brighnan sgriobtaran
anns na canainean anns an deach an
sgriobhadh air thus. Thug e aghaidh
mar an ceudna air an Fhraingis agus
air an Uailsh. Tha cuimhne agam
uair a thaghail mi air, e fein agus
a bhean " a chearcadh fhraoich '' mar
theireadh e fein rithe, fhaotuin le
cheile ag obair air eachdraidh nan
Druidhean eadar theangachadh o
Fhraingis gu Beurla. Bha e mar an
ceudna mien eolach air eachdraidh a
dhuthcba ; gu sonruichte air obair
nan seann luchd-eachdraidh agus be
a, mhiann a bhi a ghnath a'
labhairt air euchdan buadh-mhor "nan
sean Albanach airidh." Ach thachair
dha mar is trie a dh'eireas do mhuinntir
aigam bheil cruadalan agusdeuchainean
mar an ci'annchur, agus do mhuinntir
a thionndaidheas an aire gu h-iomlan
a chum aon chuspair sonruichte,
gu'n robh e neo chomas;ich dha
amharc air da thaobh ccisde le suil
neo-chlaon — air an aobhar sin bha gaol-
duthcha annsan air a mheasgadli le
fuath ro-ghamhlasach an aghaidh na
muinntir a bha anns na linntin a dh'
fhalbh na'n mairabdean di. R. 1.
(Gu hhi air a leantuian.)
AM FEILLIRE.
Failte 's furan do'n Fheillire ! Tha
mi lan-ciiinnteach nach 'eil a dhith ach
gu'm biodh lios aig ar luchd-duihcha
gu'm bheil e air tighinn a mach, gu e
bhi air a chraobhsgaoileadh am fad 's
am farsuingeachd feadh tir nam beann.
Tha mi mar an ceudna dearblita, an
uair a leughar e, gn'n aidich gach aon
gu'm bheil e "toirt dhuinn goireas a bha
gu mor air iondrainn 's a' Ghaidheal-
tachd. Is fada o'n a bha ioghnadh orni
nach robh riamh leabhar d'an t-seorsa
air a chur 'an lamhaibh ar luchd-duth-
chadh 'n an canain bhlasda fein, gus an
d' thug an Gaidheal fiachail, Calum
CiOBAK an oidhirp an uiridh. Tha an
duilleachan ùr so gu sonruichte tait-
neach air son an t-snuaidh ghneitheil,
dhuthchasaich a tha air an eolas a
gheobhar aige, Cha 'n e idir eadar-
theangachadh air Miosachan Beurla a
tha againn an so. Tha cuisean agus
tachartais Ghaidhcalach a' faighinn an
diith fein de dh-aire. Gheobh sinn am
breith agus bais nan Gaidheal a bu
fhiughantaiche 's a bu mheasaile ;
laithean nam blar iomraiteach anns an
do bhuadhaich sinn, cho math riusan —
tearc 's mar a bha iad — anns an d' fhuair
ar naimhdean seorsa de lamh-an-uach-
dar — gidheach ged a chaill sinn an
latha, anns nach do lughdaicheadh ar
cliu no ar meas. Tha Am Feillire a'
toirt duinn mar an ceudna niion fhios-
rachadh ro fheumail rau laithibh feille
agus margaidh na Gaidhealtaclid gu
leir ; mu eiridli agus laidhe greine agus
gealaiche ; mu fhad an latha, agus mu
mhuthadh an t-soluis ; mu na fineach-
aibh fa-leth, lo'n Cinn-chiniiidh, an
Suaicheantais, 's am Piobaireachdaibh,
cho math ri inbh agus dreuchd Luchd-
muinntir nan Ceannard, o'n Ghille
agus am Bard, a nuas gu Gille a' Phiob-
aire agus an C'leasaiche. Chi sinn an
so cuideachd ainmean agus laithean
breith agus posaidh an Teaghlaich
Rioghail, ajrus brigh cuid de riaghail-
Ceud Mios an Earraich, 1875.
AN GAIDHEAL.
317
tibh a' Phòst-thig-h. Ach carson a leud-
aicliinn. Deanadh bhur luchd-leughaidh
Am Feillire fhaotainn doibh fein, agus
tlia mi cinnteach gum faigh iad e fre-
asdalach, goireasach os cionn na'
bhreithniclieadh iad.
Mac-Mharcuis.
FREAGAIETEAN
, Do na Toimhseachain air taobh 214.
1. An t-uisge ; 2. Am muir ruadh
air dha bhi air a sgoltadh le slait Aroiu
a's nah-Israelich faotuinn an nail air tal-
amh tiorara, agus na h-Eiphitich a blii
air am bathadh 'nan deig'h ; 3- An
latha 'san oidhche 'dealachadh ; 4. Da
fhitheach.
TAISBEANADH AN AIRM AIR
BIALAOBH AN RIGH.
{Bho '?i dara Duan de Sgialachd na
Troidhe, Eadar-theangaichte le Eohhan
Mac-Lachainn.)
Aon tiota cha d' eisd an righ,
'S ghrad-thug impidh d'a mliaoir-
ghairm
Am feaclid a tlieanal gun dàil,
'S an tarraing gu blàr air leirg,
Dh' eubh na maoir a b' onf hach sgairt ;
Thriall a' cbaismeachd fad an fhuinn ;
'S na 'n tuil-mbaoim adh ionnsaidb
gleois
Thair a' mborfbaicb dboirt na suinn.
Gbluais a macb 's an righ air thus,
Na cinn-fheadhna stiùradh chàich ;
Chiteadh Pallas nan gorm shiil
Romhpa diisgadh surd a' bhlàir.
Air a slios bha 'n sgiath bhith-bhuan,
Thoirteil, aiilidh, luachmhor, throm;
Dhearrs gaithean loinntreach bho cleith,
A shoillsich gu leir am fonn.
Bha ciad nathair shniomhain ruadh,
Ga lasadh mu'n cuairt adh or,
Ciad bann de 'n stuth x'lomhach nuadh,
Fiach gach aon diubh buaile bhù.
Leis a' bhall airm seo ri 'taobh,
Shiubhail i 'n raon sear a's siar,
A' mosgladh speirid 's gach feòil
'S mean-acrais gu còmhrag dian.
Dh' fhadaidh i gaisge 's gach creubh,
'S bu mhilse leo streupaid laoch,
Na tilleadh le 'n longan luath,
Null thair chuan gu tir an gaoil.
Mar fhaloisg àird nan dearg smiiid,
'3 an fhrith mhoir air stiiic nan sliabh;
Barcaidh tuil-lasrach mu'n chruaich
S chitear ruadh am toidhleas cian :
B' amhuil corah-imeachd ant shluaigh
'S na h-airm bu neo-thruaillidh gnè ;
Fad shruithean soillse bho 'n cruaidh
A' ruigheachd a suas gu neamh.
Mar ealtainn gun àireimh cheann
Lachainnean-fionn a's ghlas-chorr,
'S ealachan fad-amhach ban
Timchioll Asius nan gorm-lon.
'S eibhneach iad a null 's a nail
Thair Caister nan deann luath,
'Tearnadh le garraicileis bhaoth —
'S f reagraidh am fliuch-raon do 'm f uaim ;
Sin mar bhriichd an teanal raòr
Nuas a. coir nam biitli 's nan long ;
Fir a's stendan ri toirm chas,
'S an- talamh ag osnaich tròm.
Air dail Scamandair an fheòir,
Sheas na miltean slòigh cho dliith
Ri buidhionn lionmhor nam blàth
A dh'fhàsas 's a' Chcitein chiiiin.
Mar mhiltean 'mheanbh-chuileag' bath
Feadh thaigh-airidh glinn a' bhuair
An aimsir an Earraich thliith,
'S am bainn-ùr na thamh 's gach cuaich :
B' amhuil fad a' chòmhuaird reidh,
Sliochd na Greige b' òrbhuidh cìd,
Fo iom-ghluasad gu stuaidh Thròidh,
'G iarraidh comhrag nan slsagh dluth.
Mar bhuachaillean air raon cian
L;in 'ghobhair f hiar-adhairceach ghorra,
Tearba'idh iad gun stribh an tr<iud
A mheasgnaich air reidh nan learg ;
Sin mar thearb na ceannaird threun'
Feachd na Greige bhos a's thall ;
Dheasaich gach triath a shluagh fhein
Los dol sios gu streup nan lann.
Thriall gu mòralach thair chàch,
Agamemnon is ard luaidh ;
Crios mar Mhàrs air seachad siar
Uchd 's a chliabh mar dhia nan cuan ;
318
AN GAIDHEAL.
Ceud Mios an Earraich, 1873.
A dbii slmil '3 clieann mai* lobh
Ni "s 11a neoil an torunio' cruaidh ;
"S timclnoll ccanna"idh au laoich mhoir
Shoillsicli Ouchd, a's gloir, a's buaidh.
Mar tliarbli aoigheil, lairceach, trom,
'S an spreidli air an ailein cruinn ;
Stàtail a tbriall — àiUidh 'chom,
'S c 'gluasad mar righ an fliuinn :
Sin mar gliluais Mac Atreuis àigb,
Oir tliog lòbh c gu urd uaill.
Suaicheant an lit sin 's gach cliu
Chit' e mcasg fir itiil a shluai£?h.
OR AN
Do'n Urkamach Alasdàik Stiubhakd,
^Am Bun-Lochabae.
0 ! mosglaim-se le sunnd 'us cail,
'Us deachdar Dan gu buadhacb leam,
Do'n Fhir-eun uasal, f boinnidli, f bial,
A's pailte ciall 'us buadbannan,
Tba'm Bun-Locbabar nan damh donn,
'■»S nam mac 's nan sonn clis, fuas-
gailte, [dbàn',
Dbetb 'n aitim riogbail, sbeasmbach,
Bba sgaiteach, dàicbeil, cruadalacb.
'S tu 'fiùran fearail, 's atbail gnùis,
A's teinne lùgh, 's a's anamanta,
A's guirme siiil, 's a's deirge gruaidh,
'S tu fallain snuadhmbor, geala-
mbaiseach ;
O shall do bhuinn gu gruaig do chinn,
Gur cuimir, grinn, deas, dealbhach
thu, [cbniin,
'S na 'm faighte gairm a dbion a'
■ Bu ghlan air thus nti h-armailt tbu.
Ach 's e ni buan do mbeas 's do cbliii,
Ka gibhtean dliith chaidh dhòrtadb
ort,
'S nach 'eil 's an àl so fear do cheiU',
'S tu deanamh feum an comhnuidh
dbitb : [freumb,
"S tu 'n t-abbal aluinn 's lionmhor
'S a's pailte geuga mor-mbeasacb,
Gun bbeud, gun ghaoid, ach reacbd-
mbor, Ian,
'S e bhi fo d' sgùil tha solasacb.
Gur diomhair d' iitl 'us d' fhiosracbd
gbeur, [oirnn,
Mu cbuairt na grein' tba deàrrsadh
'S cha'n 'eil an cleith ort gnè nan reul,
'S gach feart 's na's leir dbetb 'n àir-
eamb ud, [ghrunnd',
Mar sin gun dbearbb thu meud do
'Us barracbd tiiir mar Cbàileadair,
A db-innseas dbuinn m'an tig gu cricb,
Gach caocbiadh sin' 's mar tbàrlas
iad.
'S gur solus dbuinn do bbeachdan fior
Mu ghin nan iasg 's an àbhaistean,
Mu ghnè nan ian, s gach bith' ta beò,
'S mu bhuadhan phor s mar dh'
fhasas iad,
Mu cbinneas luibhean 'us an sgèimb,
'S mu stutban mhèin s an guiithach-
adh,
'S tu toirt dbuinn eolais air gach maoin,
A tba 's an t-saoghal nàdurra.
A's tuigseach dh' inusear leatsa sgeoil,
Nan Aoisean Orach 's larunnach,
"S tu deas 'an caiunt na Greig' 's na
Eòimb', [dbuinn ;
Cba bhi ort sgleò 'g an sgriobhadh
'S gur taitneach 'chuirear leat 'an ceil],
ikiu ghaisge threibh nam Fiann-
taichean,
'Us nòs gach teaghlaich, fin', 'us sluaigb,
Am meud, an snuadh 's an siolacbadh.
Tba ort mar chliù, bhi suaircc, ciiiiu.
Neo-uallacb, mùinte, sìobhalta,
'S tu faoilidb, ixiirteach, iochdmbor,
tlàth, [eacbd,
'Us pailt an gràdb 's an simplidh-
Ko thapaidh, dian, 's gach ait 'us am,
Asheasamhbbantracb'sdbilleacbdan,
Air cheann nam bocbd a' dion an cììis
'S deas-chainnteachj grunndail, dileas
thu.
Gu'm beil do gbluasad 'reir do gbairm,
',S cha-n ann Ic foirm no cealgair-
eachd,
Ach tlusail, sùimh, 'us ceart 'am beus,
A' ruith do rèis' gu h-armaicbte :
Ceud Mios an Earraich, 187
AN GAIDHEAL.
sm
Gu-n d' fhuair thu dh' onoir le gacb
buaidh, [chriochan,
Bhi d' aobhar uailF d' ar Garbh-
'S gur miiirneil d' airnu air feadh gach
tìr',
'S bi'dh iomadh linn a' seanchas ort.
Gu-n guidhinn fhin dut 'measg nan
ceud,
Fad shineadli re neo-smuaireanacli,
A' fas 'an toirt, 'an cuid, 's an daoin',
.Ei fad do shaoghail buannaclidail ;
'S gu'm beil mi luaidli ort le mor
mbiann, [eas —
Aig ceann gach mios' mar chuairtich-
'S ag Ò1 do sblàinte le Mac-Eàild,
Fear cridheil, càirdeil, uasal e.
LoCH-AlLLSE.
LITIR O RUNASDACH.
A Ghaidheil Eunaich
Bliadlma mbaitb. ùr dbuit
agus moran diu — gu'm a slàn a bbitbeas
tu, a's gu'm a fada beo thu. An saoil
thu nach ann a tha cuid de naire orm
sgriobbadh thugad le ebo fada is a bha
mi gu'n smid a cbur a"d ionnsaidh?
Db'fhaodain leisgeul a tboirt dhut air-
son mo thosd f bada, acb is coma leam
leisgeulan aig gacb am. Acb cha robh
an call ebo mor ged nacb robh facal
agad uam-sa o'n a bha uailsean urra-
macb foghainteach eile ag cur gu leòir
de nitbean gasda tbugad. 'Sann daibb
fein a b'aitbne a dheanamb a's cha
b'ann do sgaomaire bochd mar a tha
mise ! Am bbeil f bios agad gur ann a
bha mi anns an letb bharail, gu'm b'e
an t-aobbar nacb d'fbuair mi cotbrom
air litir a cbur a'd ionnsaidb, gu'n robh
na buidsicbean ag cur bacadh orm le
an giosragan is le an ubagan neo-
chneasda. Tha fhios agad fein gu'm
bbeil iad ro shaothrach ann an am na
Sambnadb, is nach leig iad lefs an
fbeur cinntin fo'n casan. Tha mi
beachdaidh as a so gu'n robh aon bb.uid-
seach mhor ag cur grabadb orm — biasd
a' mbill iomadh deasrb run a's a thug
air iomadh aon, cothroman priseil a
leigeil seachad — is fhuair an trudar
buaidh orm-sa o cheann da mbiosa. Is e
is ainra do'n bheisd " Cuir-dail-ann-gus-
am-maireach.' Tha sar fhios aice
''An rud anns an d'theid dail theid
dearmad" is ma theid aice air toirt
air neach dail a cbur ann an gnotbach
gu'm bbeil a bhuaidh aice. Is i so a'
bhuidseach a chuir cnapstai-ra a'm
ratbad-sa, is cha n-e creutair neo
shaoghalta air bith eile. Oir tha eagal
orm gu'm bbeil ceard nan creutaran
bocbda eile air dol a dhi, on a chaidh
eolas a'm meud, is gu'm bbeil iad air
diollaid a cbur air a' chas-sguaibe is air
teicheadh do'n Spaiun. Chuir sitrich
an eich iaruinn agus i-an deatach bata
na smuide an cridhe asda is theicb iad
gu fasgadh fbaotuinn, fo cbleoca an
aineolais ann an duthaich eigin eile.
Slan leotha — "s mairg a bhitbead g'an
caoidb. "Beannacbd Cballum Ghoba
leo." Cha n-eil acb tearc ri amas orra
a tha a nis a' toirt geill do'n bharail
amaideach so ; acb bha aig aon am Ian
chreideas air a tboirt di. Cha b'ann a
mbain 'sa' Ghaidhealtacbd a bha geill
air a tboirt do'n t-saobh-bharail gu'n robh
cumhacbd aig muinntir trid cumhnant
a dheanamb ri spiorad an dorcbadais
air nitbean miorbhuileach a dheanamb.
Thar an t-saogbail mhoir gu leir bha na
beachdan so ri am faotaiun. Bha na
cinnich a b'fboghluimicbte anns an t-
sean aimsir ga chreidsin. Is bha na
borb dhaoine anns gach cearu iomallach
a' toirt geill dba. Is cha be a mbain a'
chuid a b'ilse is a b'aineolaiche de'n t-
sluagh, a bha ag creidsin anns an ni
ach daoine measail agus fogbluimicbte.
Bha Easbuigean agus Sagairtean,
Ministeirean agus Foirfich ag creidsin
ann am buidseachas. Agus mo thru-
aigb, bu bbochd an toi'adh a thug an
creideas aca a mach ; oir is iomadh
creutair truagh a chaidh a cbur gu
has piantach air a thaileadh. Bha
iomadh cailleacb bbochd air a losgadh
gu has le daoine a bha a' saoilsin gu'n
320
AN GAIDHEAL.
Cend Mios an Earraich, 1873.
robh iad a' deanamh obair mhaith le
Lbi mar so ag cur seirbhisicli an Fhir-
mbillidh gu bus. Ach an àite a bhi
'cur na aghaidh sann a bha iad a'
deanamh scirbhcis dha, si mo bharail,
le bhi a' deanamh a' pheacaidh mhoir
so — a' peanasachadh truaghain bhochda
air son cionnta anns nach robh e
comasach dhoibh o nadur a bhi cionn-
tach. Ach a chum cliii cleir agus
pcarsa Eaglais na Gaidhealtachd biodh
e air innseadh, nach deacha riabh (cho
fad s' as fhios dhomhsa, codhiu) neach
a dhiteadh gu bàs air an iartus airson
na barail fhaoin so.
Ach mar an robh peanas air a
dheanamh crra cha b'ann a chionn is
nach robh na Gaidheil mar dhaoine
eile a' creidsin annta. Is iomadh sgeul
a b'urrantar innseadh mu dheanamh
nan cleasan de'n robh iad cionntach.
B' urrain iad. na'm b' fhior, am bainne a
thoirt o'n chrodh agus an toireadh a
thoirt as a' bhainne. An uair a bha
bainne mairt air ubagan a chuir air,
bhitheadh e tana, glas, agus ge'd a
chuireadh tn a mach do chridhe ga
mhaistreadh, mir ime cha d'thigeadh
air. Ma bha thu a' dol a' mhaistreadli,
is gu'n robh eagal ort gu'm feudadh
buidsichean a bhi a'd choir, be an
gliocas dhut, riombal neo cearcal a
tharruing mu"n cuairt ort le inneal
staillinn eigin — grainne saluinn a chur
'sa' chuineag mhaistridh, am muighe a
chuir 'na shuidhe air cnutha eich, agus
an rann a leanas a ghabhail, a' toirt an
aire gu'm biodh gach facal 'san rann
ag co-fhrcagairt do gach buille de'n
Ion aid —
"Thig na maoir
Thig na saoir
Thig fear a' bhala bhuidhc."
Bha na h-urrad de mhuintir am aig
an robh, na'm b'fhior an cumhachd
coire a dheanamh air an doigh so.
Bha cumhachd aig na buidsichean iad
fein a chur ann an cruth chreutairean
cile ach gu jsouruichte ann an cruth
maighfhich. B'urrain mi iomadh
sgeul innseadh mu mhuintir a bha mar
so ga'n cruth-atharrachadh fein gu
coslas a' chreutair so, nam b' fhior an
sgeul. Is ged a bha na sgeulachdan
sin gun steigh gun bhunnchar bha iad
air an Ian chreidsin. Tha cuimhne
agani air maighfhiach a b' abhaist
teachd do'n gharadh chail aig m'athair.
Thug fear de'na gillean oidheirp no dha
air a tilgil, ach co-dhiu a b'e is nach
robh easan na shealgair maith, no naoh
robh an gunna aige air deagh ghleus
cha deacha aige air. Thachair so cho
trie is mu dheireadh ged a gheobhadh
e Ian chothrom oirre nach loisgeadh e.
Thuit dhomh fein a bhi aig an taigh
'san am, is shin mi air gaireachdaich
mhagaidh air a' chuis. Ach thionn-
daidh e a"s thug e dhomh spreigeadh
smachdail, ag radh "Tog dheth 'ille, is
stad ded' ghlagaireachd, air neo cha
u-eil fhios agam nach fhaigh thu dioladh
air son d'fhealadhà uair nach saoil thu.'
Theagamh gu'm iaigh, ach cha'n i a'
ghearr bhochd a bheir a mach an aich-
meil" orsa mise. "Uist" ors easan,
•• cha n-cil e idir cneasda fanaid a
dheanamh air a' chuis.'' " So, dhut
sea sgilinn " orsa mise, " lub i is cur 'sa'
ghuna i, oir chuala mi thu ag radh
nach gearradh ni air bith ach sea-
sgillinn liibta air buidseach." Ach
cha bhiodh gnothach aige rium fein
no ri mo shea sgillinn, air eagal, mar
thuirt e foin gu'm feudadh e bhi cionn-
tach ann am mortadh, oir bha leth
bharaile aige co i a bha ann an coslas
na maighich. Is docha leamsa air son
so uile, nach ann aig a' bhuidseachas, a
bha choire ach gum be a b' aobhar
nach robh a' ghearr air a marbhadh,
nach robh 'sa' ghille choir ach "scalgair
tlicab a loisg 's nach do leag."
Bha crodh a bha air laoigh a bhi aca
fior bliuailteach a bhi air an gonadh,
agus ann am mor chunnart gu'n
ruchadh toradh a' bhainne aca a thoirt
air ialbh. A chum buaidh a thoirt air
i>-iosrairan nam biasdan bha ni no dha
Cend Mios an Eai-rsicli, 1873.
AN GAIDHEAL.
321
feumail do'n bhanaraich glilic a dhean-
amh. Bha cnutha eich ri bhi air a
deanamh dearg agus a' chiad spùt de'n
bhainne ri bhi air a bhieothan air a
chnutha so — blia faine na banaraich ri
bhi air a chur mu'n ciiairt air aon mu
seach de bhalain a' mhairt, agus na h-
urad de dhfhaoiueis eile a cbeart a cho
gorach riii sin. Ma bha toil agad
dioghaltas a dheanamh air buidseach a
rinn coire do thoradh do chruidb,
agus fhaotuin a mach co an neach
a rinn an dolaidh so ort, cha robh
agad ach steall do"n bhainne a bha air
a chronachadh a chur ann am poit agus
dorlach phrineachan agus shnathadan
a chur anu am measg a' bhainne. an
dorus a chrannadh agus a phoit a chur
air nn teine. 'JST uair a thoisicheadh a'
phoit ri goileadh, thoiseachadh piantan
agus tachdaidean air a bhuidseach, is
cha b' fhada gus am bitheadh i anns
an dorus a' glaodhaich faotuinn a
staigh. Cho fada 'sa churaadh tusa na
snathadan a' goileadh, cho fada sin
kanadh doruinu chraiteach air a
bhuidsich, gus mu dheireadh an d'thug-
adh i a da chluais thar a lethchinn air
son fuasgladh fhaotuinn. Ann an dluth
dhaimh ri buidseachas bha an droch
shuih Ach bha an t-eadar dhealachadh
so eatorra, gu'm faodadh an droch shuil
a bhi aig neach gu'n e bhi na fhior
dbroch dhuine ; is gu'm feudadh e
coire a dheanamh ort gun toil air bith
a bhi aige sin a dheanamh. Bha na'm
b' fhiur an droch shuil a' sruthadh o
chridhe farmadach a bhi aig neach.
Na'm biodh farniad laidir aig- neach
riut, bha cunnart ann gu'm feudadh e
coire a dheanamh ort anns an rathad
so. Tha cuimhne agam aon uair a bhi
a' reusonachadh ri aon mu amaideachd
a' leithid so do bheachd. Ach cia b'e
ni a theiriu-sa, bha easan 'san aon
bharail. Chrath e cheann agus thubh-
airt e "Cha n-eil fhios agam, sgoiltidh
farmad na creagau." Tha iad ro lion
mhor ann, a tha gus an latha 'n diugh
a Ian chreidsin gum bheil a leithid do
1°
ni ri cronachadh ann. Agus 'se bhoch-
dainn a thaobh an droch shuil, gu'm
feud i bhi aig neach gun fhios da fein.
Chuala mi iomradh, air neach nach
b'urrain dol shealltuinn a chruidh aige
fein gun choire a dheanamh orra, is air
duine eilc aig an robh a leithid de
haol d'a chlann is gu'n robh iad iar an
gonadh le a shuil. Ma bha toil agad
gun choire a dheanamh anns an rathad
so, dh'fheumadh tu, ann a bhi a' moll-
adh beathaich, no leanaibh smugaid a
chur air do shuil. LTaith so tha am
facal ag eiridh " Fliuch do shuil mu'n
cronaich thu e." Bha e iomachaidh
mar an ceudna, g'u'n cuireadh neach au
roimh radh so an toiseach air molladh
air bith a bhitheadh e a' deanamh
•'Mata gun an gobh mo shuil e, is
briath am beathach sin." Bha na'm
b'fhior muinntir ann aig" an robh eòlas
sornuichte a dheanadh slàn neach no ni
a bha air a chronachadh. B'e so an
doigh anns an robh an t-eolas air a
dheanamh ; bha briathra seuna air an
labhairt os ceann uisge, agus an t-uisge
so an sin air a chur ann an searag, air
a thoirt gu curamach is air a ehrathadh
OS ceann an neach a bha air a chron-
achadh. Dh'fheudadh an t-eolas a bhi
air a chur ann an sraing is an t-sreang
a cheangal mu mhuineal a' neach a bha
air a bhualadh leis an droch shuil. B'
aithne dhomh aon no dha a bha 'gabh-
ail orra fein gu'n robh eolas a chron-
achaidh aca, is chunna mi an da chuid
daoine agus beathaichean, do'n robh an
t-eolas air a dheanamh. Ach ghabhadh
e dearbhadh moran nis laidire na fhuair
mise riabh air a chuis, a thoirt orm a
chreidsin aon chuid gu'n robh an comas
leigheis so aig a' mhuintir a bha "gabh-
ail orra gu'n robh, no gu'n d'riun an.
t-eolas aca feum do'n mhuintir d'an
deach a dheanamh. B'urrain mi sgeul
no dha innseadh dhut a thaobh na cuise
so ach tha eagal orm gu'n bheil an litir
so fada gu leoir cheana. Bha aireamh
mhor eile de sheuna agus de " eolais "
ann. Mar a bha eolas an deididh a
322
AN GAIDHEAL.
Ceud Mios aii Earraich, 1813.
tba comasach air a ghalar phiantach
sin a leigheas gun turcais fear-tarruing-
nam-fiacal a dhol an coir do chairein.
Bha colas na sula ann, a bheireadh
smuirnean as do shuil ge'd robh thu
miltcan air falbh o'n ncach a rinn an t-
eolas ; agus aircamh mhor eile de n
cheart seorsa, a bha frcagaracli air son
gach eucail agus ansliocair air an
cualas riabh iomi-adh. Ach tha na
nitbean so uile a' del air chiil agus is
maith do na leighicbcan gum bbeil, oir
na'n racbadb aig na seana cbailleacban
mar so air gach leigheas a dheanamh,
tha eagal orm nach biodh brochan nan
Doctairean bochda ach tana g'u leoir.
Bha da chungaidh leigbis air an cuala
mi iomradh 'sa' chearnaidh d'an duth-
aicli san deacba mo thogail, a bha
aitbnicbte a reir aogais thar cbcarnan
eile de'n Ghaidhealtachd, oir chunna
mi cunntas ro thaitneach air a thoirt
orra leis a' Ghaidheal smearail sin,
•'Bun-Locbabar,'' a tha deanamb na
b-urrad air son scan nitbc Gaidhealacb
a chumal air chuimbne. Feumadh mi
a radb 'san dol seachad gum bheil
"Bun-Locbabar," air mor cbumain a
chur air na Gaidbcil leis na scuna agus
na toimbseacbain a chur e chum a'
phaipeir naidbeacbd sin aig am bbeil
an onair agus a' bhuanacbd, an duine
nasal sin aireamb 'am measg a luchd
cuideachaidb. Ma dh' fbeudas mi bbi
cho dan a agus comhairle a thoirt air
neacb cho gleusda, tapuidh, fogblum-
aichte ris an urramach sin, theirin gu'm
bbeil mi an doclias gu'm bi e cho
maith agus na sean nithe ud a chur air
chuimbne ann an rathad a's raaireann-
aiche na taobh duilleag a' phaipeir
naidbeacbd. Chuireadh e comain ro
mhor air a luchd duthcha le so a dhean-
amh. 'Se an da chungaidh leigbis air
an robh mi 'dol a labhairt — Biadh a
ghabhail a Spainn de db'adharc bo-
bbeo. Se sin, Spainn a bha air a
deanamb de dli'adbarc a cbailleadh.
mart air dhoigh air bith. Cho fada is
bhitlieadh am mart bed bha buaidh
shonruicbte anns an Spainn. A' chun-
gaidh eile a bha a'm bbeachd, is cun-
I gaidh i gun teageamh air bith, na'n
gabbadh i faotuinn, a bhitheadb ann-
asach, mar a deanadh i leigheas. So
agad i : —
Ola cas easgainn,
A's bainne cich circe,
Agus g'eir mheanbb-chuileag
Ann an adharc muicc,
Agus ite cait g'a shuatbadh ris.
Bha moran eile de dhoighean leigbis
ann, air nach ceadaich fad mo litir
dhomb labhairt — mar a bha leanabh
air an robh an tuagh a thoirt thar tri
criocha baile, meur duino marbb a
chur air cinneas a bhitheadb air neach.
Agus iomadh eile. — Slan leat. Is mi le
gach deagh dlmracbd do cbaraid
RUNASDACH.
Glaschu air Cluaidh
Di Luain an t-Sainnseil, 1873.
NUADH ORAN.
(Air a Lcantuinn.)
'S e Hancoch 'us Adam, 'us Franldin na ceilg,
A dh ' eignich a' ghràisg ud gu b-ànratb 's gu fcirg ;
Rinn Washington 's Lee 's gacb^giomanach seiig,
A' choimhstri 'chraobh-sgaoilcadh air aodann gach leirg.
Dh' fhàs iad cho l;in 'us gu'n d'aichein iad Criosd,
Le mil 'us le bainne, le h-aran 'us fion ;
Ach bitbidh iad fhatbasd air alaban tiom',
A' gold ann an ainnis, 's a' gal an droch-gniomb.
Ceud Mios an Earraich, 1873.
AN GAIDHEAL. 323
'Siad sud a chuir miltean air iomaroil chruaidh,
Chum slighe na h-ath-sith air iomruagadh truagh ;
Ach tuitidh iad fathasd 's an lion a chuir suas,
'Us eiridh an neo-chiont' an solas o'n uaigh.
Gun chron no cion-fàth thog Spaintich an srol,
An co-aonachd Fhrangach gun taing iomairt-sgleo ;
'Sa choimhstri nach buineadh dhoibh buill' thoirt rim beò,
Eadar mac 'us a pharant ged f hagadh e'n deù.
Ghabh na beistean an cuthach gu buidheann 's a' bhliir,
An cota 's a' pheiteag do Bhreatunn an aigh;
'Sann rinn iad dhi cuspar gu cluich air gach laimh,
Le saighdibh tein-athair a chaitheamh a bài'c.
'S an onoir nach treig sinn am feasd no gu bnith,
Ard-uacbdranacbd mara bhi againu 's gach ait ;
Mur dean ceilg no droch mharasgal 's athadh do narah,
No brib uatha ghabhail^ — cha-n fhaigh iad ri'n la.
Is luaithe an cosan gu casgradh 'us leOn,
Gu dortadh na fola nach d' chaidir an go ;
Na iolair nan speur air a sgeith anns na neoil,
Gu cathan nam flath a chur tbairis air Ion.
Mar sin tha an slighe gu milleadh mòr Dheors',
'S a shlugadh gu gionach na dhligheadh iad dho ;
Ach thig orr' an la nach aidhearach nòs,
'S a ghuileas gu cridteach mar ghuathaich a' choir.
Ghairm esan gu ciiiin iad, ach dhiidt iad a rian,
'Us shin e a lamh dhoibh gu fdilteach 's gu fial ;
'Us thug geallanan gi-àidh dhoibh nach àrdaicht'am plan,
Na'n closadh an samhchair, nach tairngtc dhoibh Hath.
An ioghnadh ged ghair esan la am mòr thruaigh',
'N truth thig orr' o 'n fhàsaich an ard-osag chruaidh;
A sguabas thair fàire, an àl 'us am buar,
Bi 'dh esan ri gaird'chas, 's aig Ian chaithream-buaidh.
Co'n sin leis an duilich dream fhuilteach nan creuchd,
A chlaoidh 'us a sharuich am pàrantan fèin ;
A leagar am bràithrean 's an àraich gun bheud,
'S am peathraichean dubhach an tuilichibh dheur.
Dhoibh tarlaidh mar thachair do dh' Absalom truagh,
Chaidh chomhrag r'a athair, le iomadaidh sluaigh ;
Aig marcachd roimh 'n doire, chroch a choill e air ghruaig,
Mo thruaighe ! bu chràitich am bàs sin a ihuair.
Tha corr 'us seachd bliadhna o na rianaich iad stor,
Gu comhrag ri 'n ctdrdean do 'm b'àbhaisd am bròn ;
Gu'n sgathadh gun eutruas an coille no'n cos,
'S cha b'ann air mhagh reidh dheanamh euchd ach tra-nùin,
Nam faigheadh na lothramaich cothrom na Feinn",
Aon la o'n thòisich a' choimhstri an-fheil ;
Cha-n fhaighte mac duin' air aon tulaich gu feum,
Ach 'n an carnaibh air chomhnard a' foshlum an eig.
324 AN GAIDHEAL.
Ceud;
Mur deantadh leo ciiirdeas ri Frangaich n an cas,
'S ri Spainticli dliiibh lachduinn, bu ghrad bhiodh an sas ;
'Us Duidsicli 'us Olandaich dheineachadh graidli,
B'f had o"n chaidh corcach air sgornan na graisg.
'S iomadh fear dearg bu ro-gbarg anus an tuir
Chaidh reubadh le clàthair an doir' 's am bith'dh coin ;
'N a chritban fo f hasgatli na daraig bu mho,
'S a run gu dol dachaidh 'n am faigheadh e u rod.
!Na h-uilteachan cuinnsear bu phuinnseant bha riamh
An aghaidh Mur Bhreatunn an cleathar a cliar ;
Gun speis do mhac duine, no urram (.0 Dhia,
Acb leon agus reubainn a leadairt an Triath.
Na h-eucoraich chathach a tharruing an lamh,
An aghaidh an athar gun a thath 's a bhliir ;
'S na mna thug a' chioch dhoibh 's gach iocshlainte aigh
A nis g a grad-bhualadh 's neothruacant' a h-àl.
'N truth nitear an ceannsacha' "s amhgh'rach an sgeul
Fo eagal, an dòlas, gun dòchas am pein ;
An naimhdean 'g an glacail, 's gun chaidreamh fo'n sgeibh
'8 an càirdean 'g am brath anns gach rathad do'u teid.
Ni mearlaich an spùiUeadh, 's cha dùraichd a ràdh
Gu'n d' fhuiling iad fòirneart no leon 0 an h\imh ;
Bithidh cunnart am folach "s gach bail' anns an tàmb,
Gur deisneach doghr'naich robh 'n sgornan an sas.
Nach truagh an ciimasg s' gun bhuinnig ach call,
Cha bhuidheann luchd-dionaidh na cise tha thall ;
'S an dream tha 'g a tagradh le carraid nan laun,
Cha seilbh i gun dolas 's na leonadh 's an tailm.
Nach e iarraidh gu b-uachdranaclKl uaill agus brod,
'Kuaig prionnsa gach dubhailc gu h-iutharn a' bhroin ;
'S iad sin bheir a bhall-chrith air ceannard a" bhròid,
'N la sgiursar air charn iad gun armailt gun mhod.
'S iomadh mac tha gun athair, 'us athair gun mhac,
O'n la thoisich air teugbhail gu reubadh fad as ;
Dh'fhag braithre dhe' dubhach 'us peathraichean 'gal,
'Us miilhraiclie bròuach a' clò-bhualadh bhas.
Dh'fhùg clann a' caoidh-chaoineadh mar fhaoilinn a' chuain,
An athar chaidh 'laidhc gu codal 's an uaigh ;
'Us seann daoine liath mar am fiannis gun chluain,
A' biiirich nan armunn a dh'fhagadh 's an ruaig.
lads 'uile tha 'n cairdean gach la anns an tòir,
Fo uamhas gu m fiigar 's an iiraich gun deò ;
Crith-eagail 'g an crà-chaoidh, nach airrahear'nam tieò-,
lad anns a' bhràgad, 'n am abhachd an t-slòigh.
Ach chitear an la nach aidhearach dòigh
Nan reuballach dubha nach cumadh a' choir;
Agul air an glunaibh toirt iimldachd do Dheors',
'S gun ghuidhe dad tuillidh, ach fliulang bhi beò.
Ceud Mios an Earraich, 1873.
AN GAIDHEAL.
325
NAIDHEACHDAN.
Tha naidheachd bhrònach againn air a
mhios so, mu bhdthadh a chaidh a
dheanamh mu dheireadh. a' mhios a chaidli
seachad, aig ceann a deas Shasuinn.
Chaidh soitheach Sasunnach da 'm b' ainm
an Northjleet a ruith sios le steamer Spain-
each a ruith a steach na cliathaich agus
faisg air da leith a dheanamh oirre. Bha
'n sotheach luchdaicHte le daoine agus
iarunn a bha dol gu ruig Australia, air son
rathad iaruinn a dheanauh ann an aon de
chearnaidhean na duthcha sin. Bha mu
'n cuairt airceithir cheudpearsainnte agus
na 'm measg bha iomadh duine le 'bhean 's
a theaghlach, ach se gle bheag dhiubh
a chaidh a shiibhaladh. An deigh don
steamar a bualadh, agus fios aic gu'n
deachaidh call a dheanamh, cha do sheall
i as a deigh ach falbh gu h-an-iochdmhor
agus leigadh leis an t-soitheach sioladh
agus na daoine a bhlithadh ; bha so gle
chianail, oir bha an soitheach cho faisg a'
laimh "s gu 'm bheil barr nan crann,
fhathasd ri 'm faicinn bho 'n fhearann a
a mach as an fhaii-ge. Bu chianail an seal-
ladh da rireadh e, na h-urad do dhaoine,
mhnathan agus chlainn a' dhol a dhith am
fàire am fearuinn fheiu. Chaidh fios a
chur lei's au telegraph as deigh na
steamair agus tha i nis an laimh 's a' Spain,
air son a' ghniomh oilltèil a 'rinn i, agus
tha siun an dochas agus a' guidhe gu 'm
faigh am maighistir agus an sgioba a reir
an toilltineis.
Chaidh mar an ceudna bàthadh ciauail
a dheanamh sa chuan Leodhasach air an
16mh de 'n mhios a chaidh seachad, leis
an do chain seisear am beatha — ceathrar
dhaoine pòsda agus dithis ghillean òga.
Bha iad a' tighinn dhachaidh a Steomabha
gu Grabhair an sgire na Loch, le eathar
beag luchdaichte le mion 's nithean eile.
Tha n call so gle bhrònach, oir dhfhàg an
ceathrar dhaoine, bantraichean agus teagh-
laichean lag chloinne. Ffhuaradh an cuirp
beagan laithean au deigh so. 'S iad
so an ainmean : Domhnull Mac-Gille-
Mhaoil, Piuairidh Cambeul, Alasdair
Caimbeul, Iain Mac-Phàil, Iain Mac-^S'ea-
cail, a's Niall Mac-Gille-Mhicheil.
Chuala sinn iomradh ah- call no dha eilc
de 'n t-seorsa so a bhuineadh do'n Ghaidh-
ealtachd, ach cha 'n 'eil min-chunntas
againn mu 'n deibhinn aig an iun, ach tha
aon dhuibh gu h-araidh a chuirfior bhochd-
uinn air ar cridhe, se sin gille og a mhu-
inntir Ghoillspidh, chaill abheatha an deigh
gniomh cho gaisgeil agus treubhantach a
dheanamh 's air an cuala siun iomradh ;
innsidh sinn mu dheibhinn 's an ath aire-
amh.
Tha 'n Gearahradh so ainmeil thall
agus a bhos air son stoirmean fiadhaich
agus tha call mor air a dheanumh leotha.
Tha siun a' cluinntinn gu'r ann gle
mheadhonach a tha an t-iasgach a' dol
leotha ail- feadh na Gaidhealtachd air
a' mhios so, ged a bhitheadh pailteas
èisg ann, tha an tide cho fiadhaich' 's
nach fhaighear thige. Tha cunntas againn
mar an ceudna gu'r e cor gle bhochd a tha
air a' chuid mhor de chroitearan agus
iasgairean na Gaidhealtachd, leis mar a
chaidh am buntata agus nithean eile air ais
air a' bhliadhna a chaidh seachad.
Bh'fhearr dhoibh a bhi 'n America. Tha
prisean air crodh agus caoirich a Icautuinn
fhathasd gle ard agus nithean eile da reir
sin. Tha mion-chorc' a's mion-eorna, bho
fhichead gu deich tastain fhichead am
bola ; buntata bho thastan a' chlach air
aghairt, mairteoil a's muilteoil mu thastan
am puund ; laoigheoil naodh sgillinn am
punnd ; nmiceoil, seachd sgillinn am
punnd ; im ochd sgillinn deug am punnd :
cearcan mu leth-chrun au te ; uibhean,
sgillinn am fear 'san cuid a dh-àitean tri
buiun-a'-sia.
A measg naidheachdan na rioghachd
cha 'n fhaod siun dearmad a dheanamh air
bas au lompaire Napoleon. Dh'eug e ann
an ClnselJiurst, air an naoidheamh, latha de
chcud mhios na bhadhna. Eugadh e 'sau
Fhraing, mu thoiseach na bliadhna 1808.
Sa' bhliadhna 18i8 fhuair e ard-riaghladh
na Frainge' leis an laimh laidir. Ach cha
ruig sinn a leas an corr a radh an so. Au
deigh moran fola 'bhi air a dortadh eadar
e fein a's rigli Uilleam Phrussia. Chuir e
seachad da bhliadhna auns nach robh
moran iomraidh air, gus an do ruith e an
t-slighe bha air a cuir roimhe, 's tha e 'n
dingh cho diblidh fo 'n fhò'd ri's au neach
bu bhochda de chuid iochdran.
SOP AS GACH SEID.
Aisling caillich mar a diirachd.
Am fear aig nach bi guothach do 'n taigh-
mhor, bheir e guothach as.
A's sleamhuiun a' chlach a tha 'n stairsuich
an taigh mhoir.
320
AN GAIDHEAL.
Ceud Mios an Earraich, 1873.
Xa biodh cota dubh air ccalgaire no cota
dearg air slaoightear.
Am fear a ni obair'ua thrath, bitìiidh e 'n
ath latha'na leth thamli
Am fear 's luaithc liimh 'se 's fearr cuid.
Am fear is 'n dan a' chroich, cha d' theid
gu brach a bhàthadh
An uair tharruingeas gach duine chuid
thigc, 's mairg a bhitheas gun chuid aige.
Cha d'thig fuachd gu earrach, cruaidhchas
no droch ccannach.
Bha duine bochd auu an Glinneilg a bha
comharraichteair son teangasgainnealach
agus thachair dha — gu tubaisteach— gu'n
dh' fhds a bhial goirt, a's bu mhiann Icis
a dhol do'n taigh-eiridin a dh' fheuch
am faigheadh e leigheas. Chaidh e air
tiis a dh-ionnsuidh a' mhaighstir-sgoile
air sou teisteanais, agus fhuair e 'n
teisteanas a leanas. — '■'■Duine hocM aig
am hheil droch Mi'aZ."
Bah seann Chailleach ann am Biiideanach,
agus cha 'n fiiaiceadh i tiodhhacadh a'
dol seachad, nach sineadh i air gal 's
air bualadh nam bas. Latha dhe na
laithcan bha chailleach aig ccann a
taighe, a's ciod e • chunnaic 1 'del
seachad ach posadh. Cha robh a fradh-
arc ach mall, a's do shaoil leatha bha
i 'faicinu ach tiodhlacadh. "0!" ars
ise, 's i 'bualadh nam bas, " Siod an
t-slighe air an teid sinn uile ! "
Ann an taigh àraid 'an Loch-bhraoin,
thachair dithis amadanan a bhi air an
oidhche, agus chuireadh do 'n aon leabuidh
iad, Cha do sguir iad fad na h-oidhche
ach a' sabaid airson co 'm fear de'n dithis
a hhioJli 's «' mheadlion.
" Am bheil thu na do chadal a Dhomh-
nuill?" arsa seana Ghaidheal coir ri
caraid dha a bha 'ramhanaich air an fheur
air feasgar Samhraidh. " Ciian-n eil a
Dhounchaidh," ars a Domhnuill. " Agus
an toir thu dhomh deich tasdain-fhichead?"
ars a' Donnchadh. "Tha mi na mo
chadal a nise," ars a Domhnull, agus e a'
toirt srann as.
15ha connspaid uair-eigin cadar Caim-
bculach a's Leathauach mu dheighinn co
an fhiue bu shine de'n dithis. Cha 'n
fhuilgeadh an Leathanach a chluinntinn
gu'n robh na Caimbeulaich cho scan ri
'chinneadh sa, oir bha o ag ràdh gu'n robh
a shebrsa ann bho thoiseach an t-saoghail.
Bha fios aig a' Chaimbeulach gu math air
eachdraidh a' Bhiobuill, agus dh' fheoraich
e an robh Clann-Leathaiu ann roimh an
dile. "An d'lle ! ciod i 'n dile!" arsa
Mac-a'-Leathain. " An dile," ars' au
Caimbeulach, " a bhath gach m a bh' air
thalamh ach Koah, a theaghlach, 's a
threud." " O bhurraidh ! thu fein 's do
dhlle, — bha mo Chinneadh-s' annfada ro'n
dile," arsa Mac-a'-Leathain. " Cha do
leugh mise anns a' Bliiobull mu dheibhinn
Leathanach sam bith a chaidh a steach
do'n aire aig Noah." " Airce Noah ! '' arsa
Mac-a'-Leathain, " Co chuala riamh mu
dhuine dheth mo Cliiuneadh-sa aig nach
robh biita dha fhciu ! "
DO AE LUCHD-LEUGHAIDH.
Tha sinn leis an aireamh so, a' crioch-
nachadh a' cheud Icabbar de'n Ghaidh-
eal. Rinn sinn ar dichioU anns gach ni
airson ar luclid-leugliaidh a riarachadli
agus a thoileacliadb, agus miosachau a
thoirt dhoibh 'nan cuiuut fliein a bbith-
eadhairidh orrafhein,air ancauain, agus
airan duthaich ; a's ma chaidh sinn cearr
air sin. cha b'ann do 'r deòin. Tha An
Gaidheal a' tigbinn air aghairt gu gas-
da, ged nach eil urrad de luchd-lcugh-
aidh aige fathasd 's a dh' iarradh e.
Tha sinn a' toirt mile taing dhoibhsan
a chuidich leis 'san tini a chaidh seachad,
agus tha sinn an dochas nach teid aon
ainm a bha ar leabhraichean bho thois-
each, a dhubhadh a mach " a' chiad
da latha so," Ma ni ar luchd-leughaidh
au dichioll, agus gach neach dhiubh fear
no dha eile fhaighinn maille ris fhein,
an urn cur a steach as ùr, cha bhi e
ach beag thriobUiid dhoibh-san, agus ni
e mor fhcum dhuinne ; oir cha 'n e
mhain gu'n ncartaich e " An Gaidh-
eal," ach bheii- e comas dhuinne a
dheanamh na 's motha. Tha sinn an
dochas gu'n cluinn sinn bho 'r cairdean
air a' phuing so. Tha e 'nar run An
Gaidheal a dheanamh na 's fhearr
ann an iomadh rathad a so suae.
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT.
FEBRUARY, 1873.
ENGLISH RIVER NAMES, &c.,
DERIVED FROM THE GAELIC
LANGUAGE.
{Continued from page 301,)
Besides the clear and direct evidence
that has already been stated as to Eng-
lish river names being identical with
those of Scotland, which were given by
the Gael, as also of a very great num-
ber more, which are evidently derived
from the Gaelic language, there exists
further proofs in other place names that
show positively the Cymri, or "Welsh,
were not the first inhabitants of the
land of Britain.
The nearest part of England to what
was anciently called Gaul (now France)
is Dover, it is only twenty-six miles
from Calais, and the Celts of Gaul
would no doubt select the former for
their landing place, let us therefore see
what is the etymology of the name of
" Dover." Mr Edmunds asserts (at
p. 190, 2nd edition,) that it is from the
Welsh word Dwficr, " water," which
it cannot be, because every city, town,
village, and hamlet at the sea shore, is
on the " water," so also all these when
on the banks of a river, are on the
" water," and, according to Mr Ed-
munds, they would all be " Dovers ;"
thus we see what great absurdities fol-
low from his etymology by trying to
bring it from the "Welsh language. The
true etymology of " Dover " is cor-
rectly traced to the Gaelic language,
being from the ancient word Dobhair,
which means " the border of a country."
Nothing can be more truthful and
descriptive of "Dover" and its situa-
tion. This Gaelic etymology carries
conviction with it, from the clear and
correct meaning it bears, whereas the
Welsh word of Mr Edmunds Bwfwr,
or " water," appears impossible when
applied to it. No doubt the name
Dover was given by the Celts that
came over from Gaul ; the Gaelic
is identical in pronunciation with
"Dover;" it will be found in the
standard work of the language —
namely, the Dictionary of the High-
land Society of Scotland, under the
word Dolhaidh.
There is a hill in England, county of
Derby, named " Mam-tor," which is
most undoubtedly derived from the
language of the Gael. Mr Edmunds,
in his etymology, says it signifies
" Mother hill," which assertion proves
Mr Edmunds does not know what
Mam means — it is a Gaelic word for
a hill, of a round form, gently rising.
There are a very great number of
hills in Scotland called Mam, there
are none in Wales, which is fatal to the
theory of the Welsh being the earliest
race in Britain, or that they g'ave this
name to the Derbyshire hill. " Mam," is
found in the Scotch counties of Perth,
Argyle, Inverness, Ross, afnd the island
of Mull ; " Tor," occurs all over Scot-
land and the islands, and is generally
applied to a conical hill, therefore the
two together, Mavi-tor, mean " the
round conical hill," — and the race who
gave this name were the Gael, and not
the Welsh. There is in England, in
the county of Worcester, a range of
hills called Malvern^ which appear
328
THE GAEL.
very evidently to be derived from
the Gaelic words Meall-hhearn, meaning
" the indented hills," and describes the
appearance of these hills most accu-
rately. The English reader is reminded
that in the second word the Ih is used
as V, and the name " Malvern " is
nearly identical with the Gaelic. Mr
Edmunds frequently mentions in his
work that the Welsh call this island by
the word " Prydan," meaning " Bri-
tain ; " but this, instead of showing
that they were the first inhabitants,
proves ■ they were not ; because the
oldest name for it is " Albion,'' and
which, of course, had been given by
a prior race, namely, by the Gaelic
Celts, who came over from Gaul pro-
bably centuries before the "Welsh
arrived, and they (the Welsh) would, '
no doubt, call this " the island of j
Britain,'' if, as has been said, they
came from Brittany; but it is necessary
to consider as to " Albion," the oldest ,
name, its derivation, and to what I
language and race it belongs. The
name is most undoubtedly a corrupt
spelling o^ Alban, which is compounded
of two Gaelic Avords, namely, " All,"
meaning '' a cliff," and is found in the
topography of Scotland, though not
used now in common speech. All or
Aill also signifies "a cliff" in Irish, and
Mr Joyce tells us in his topographical
work (1st edition, p. 372) is found all
over Ireland. The second Gaelic word
is the well-known one "èa«," meaning
" white," the two together signify
"the white-cliffs." Now, it is not
possible to describe the coast of Eng-
land opposite to France more accu-
rately than naming it the land of " the
white cliffs." That this designation was
most certainly given by the Celts of
Gaul cannot reasonably be doubted,
because the Gael have ever called their
country Alban^ and it is so named by
all Highlanders up to this very hour,
having come down to them from their
forefathers — the earliest race of Celts
who came into Britain, the oldest name
for which was " Albion," derived from
Alhan.
The above facts are fatal to the
theory of the "Welsh being the first race
in this country ; but there are further
proofs that they are not. When Ceesar
arrived in Britain, 55 years before
Christ, he found on and near the coasts
a different race than those he met with
when he had reached the interior ;
these last were the original inhabitants
— the Gael of "Alban" or *' Albion,"
and the former the Cymri or Welsh,
who .were intruders on them. These
two invasions would, of course, cause a
great emigration of the Gael northward,
and westward by Wales, Anglesea, and
Isle of Man to Ireland. Another very
clear and strong proof that the Gael
preceded the Welsh, is the name by
which they design them, '■'■Gall Breatari-
naich,'"* which means " the forciga
Britons." How could such have been
given them unless they were foreigners
and intruders on the race who applied
it to them ? Lastly, a well-known
classical historian, Diodorus Siculus,
who wrote 44 years before Christ,
proves that the inhabitants of Britain
and Ireland were derived from the
Gauls. This important fact is stated
by him in his 5th book, wherein he
says, "Ferocitate excellent Galli qui
ad arctum remote, sicut Britanni a
quibus Iris (Ilibernia) habitatur."
There has now been laid before the
reader many clear proofs that the Gael
preceded the Welsh race, and as there
are no facts to support the pretensions
of the latter, it is believed that all
unprejudiced persons having duly
weighed and considered the evidence,
will decide it has established, that the
Gael were a prior race in Britain to
the Welsh.
James A. Robertson.
* Tlic surname of "Galbraitb," is derived
from these Gaelic words.
Feb., 1873.
THE GAEL.
129
GAELIC PHILOLOGY.
Notes by the Rev. Alex. Cameron.
{Continued from page 246.)
8. Beir, tahhtir, abav\ thuhhairt,
deh-iin, aoNiar, diubhairt, tohar, cobhair,
dtohair or dibir, tohairt, heart, abar,
inbhir, comar ; Gr. (p'spoi ; Lat. fero ;
Ger. gebaren (from the old barea) ; A.
S. beran; Eng. bear.
These words are all from the root
ler, which corresponds to the Sanskrit
Ihar. Talhair=do-ad-biiir (the verb
liur, from ber, and the prefixes do-ad;
Di Nigra's T. Glosses, p. 33). Abair=
ad-biur, in which ad is for ath or aitJi.
Thubhairt=ido-h&i'-t. Deirim=do-bIieir-
im (Ebel's Celtic Studies by Sullivan,
p. 137). Aohharz=adbar=ath-ber (Zeuss'
G. C, p. SG9). Diubhairt (defrauding)
=di-od-ber-t. Tobar=dG-od-ber (Zeuss'
G. C, p. 885). Cobhair (help) is from
CO and ber. Diobair or dthir (forsake)
is from di and ber. lobairt (anciently
iubart, edbart)=eiihGT aith-bar-t or ind-
od-bar-t (Zeuss' G. C, pp. 8G9, 885),
in which bar=:ber. Beart=iber-t.
The three words abar, inbhir, and
coiuar signify the same thing — a con-
iluence, and are derived from the same
root ber. Abarz=.adbar or atbar (the
prefix ad [cit'\ and ber). Inbhir (anciently
inber) is the same root with the prefix
in. Comar (cf. O. W. cymerz=ciimber)=.
com-bcr (cf. Zeuss' G. C., p. 148).
The above analysis, which we are
confident is correct, shows that the
dispute in regard to the use of abar
and inbhir in our topography cannot be
decided by an appeal to their etymo-
logy, for both words have been derived
from the same root, and their prefixes
ad and in are common to Welsh and
Gaelic.
Ebel thinks that the aspirate W, which
distinguishes bheirim (I give) from beirim
(I bear), indicates that, according to the
rule by which consonants flanked by
vowels are aspirated, è^«rwi has dropped
a prefix, probably do.
The aflauity between ber and Gr.
tp'-fùo and Lat. fero is obvious.
9. Mar and Gr. /j^azpo;.
Mòr was anciently mar, which may
be compared with ;j.ay,p-og as deur (an-
ciently dcr) may be compared with Gr.
òà-/.p-v, Goth, tagr, A. S. tear, Eng.
tear, the tenuis h (=:e) disappearing in
both examples before ;-. (Cf. Stokes'
Ir. Glosses, p. 90).
10. Aithne, ecne, iongnadh, ainm,
gnàth ; vou:, yiyjuiexu, yviop/^co, '6^J0,u.a ;
Lat. nosco, cognosco, nomen, gna]-us,
gnavus, notus; Ger. Jcennen, Tcdnnen ; A.
S. can, cunnan, cunning; Eng. Icnoiv,
ken, can, ignorant, name, note, cunning ;
Sansk. gna, ndman.
These words, to which many more
might be added, are cognates, although
some of them have little or no resem-
blance to each other. The root is gen,
originally ga7i(Di Nigra's T. G. p. 26).
Cf. Sansk. gna (to know).
Aithne (knowledge) is for aithgne
(==.aitK-gne), which is formed from the
root gen and the prefix ailh. Cf. the
ancient forms adge'nsa (I have known),
and adgenafnmar (we have knoAvn), in
which ad is for aiih or ath (Zeuss' G.
C, pp. 448, 450, 869). Ecne (know-
ledge) is from aithgne (Zeuss' G. C,
pp. 869, 996), and is, therefore, iden-
tical with aithne. Cf. eagna (wisdom),
and eagnaidh (wise, prudent). Iongnadh
(wonder) was, in ancient Gaelic, ion-
gnad, which is compounded of in priva-
tive (Zeuss' G. C, p. 860), the root
gen or gan, and the termination ad.
Ainm (name)— zaiimin (Zeuss' G. C, p.
lGS)=namin. The pi. anmann, for
namann, points to an oi'iginal stem
namant for gnamant (Di Nigra's T. G.,
p. 68; Zeuss' G. C, p. 776), with
which may be compared nomen for gno-
men, co-gnomen, agnomen for ad-gnomen,
'mofj^a (stem, ^ o-nomatz=z o-gnomat, where
-gnomat corresponds to gnamant. Gnàth
is from the same root. Cf. gndd, gndth
(accustomed) in Zeuss' G. C, pp. 73, 25,
where d=th, and the substantive gnds.
330
THE GAEL.
NO 02, contr. voZ: (mind), is for yvooc.
Cf. the aor. 'syvuv, also yiyvuisy.u,
yj'jjprC^u, yvui//.r„ yvurc:, all from the root
yvc-, which is cognate with ffe7i.
"ONAMA (~ oyvoij.a) is from the same
root.
Nosco is for gnosco, nomen for gnomen^
and notns for gnotus. Cf. co-gnosco
(Curtius' Gr. Etym.) To the same root
may be referred also gnarus and gnaviis
(Curtius' Gr. Etym.)
To the root gen, gan, must also be
referred Ger. Icennen (to know), JcOnnen
(to be able), originally identical with
Icennen ; A. S. can (to know, to be able),
cunnan (to ken, to know), cunning (ex-
perience); Eng. Icnoic, ken, can (origin-
ally, to know), ignorant (from ignoro.
Cf. ignanis-^in-gnarus), name (A. S.
nama, Lat. nomen), note (notus=gnotus),
cunning (A. S. cunning). Cf. Sansk. gna,
ndman.
To the same root are to be referred
several words which occur in jincient
Gaelic, as adge'nsa, adgeuin, etarcnad,
etargne and eiarcne, etargeiuin, ingne.
11. Cridhe and heart.
Cridhe (heart), anciently cride. is
cognate with »Sansk. hrd, abbreviated
from hard (Bopp's Glossary, p. 449),
Gr. zapòia, Lat. cor, cordis, Goth.
hairto, Ger. hertz, , A. S. heorte, Eng.
hea7't.
C{K) and d in Gaelic and the Classic
languages correspond to h and t in the
Germanic languages. Examples — Lat.
cornu, Gr. -/.psac, Gael, corn, Ger. horn,
A. S. horn. Eng. ?iorn ; Lat. canis, Gr.
y.vu'j, 'Auvcg, Gael, ch, coin, con, Ger.
himd, A. S. hund, Eng. hound; Lat.
dens, dentis, Gr. oSooc, òòovro;, Gael.
deud (unc. ^'.'0, W. c?«n<, Goth, tunthus,
A. S. /oZ/i, Eng. tooth; Gr. occKpy, Gael.
cZew?' (anc. d>'v), AV. ^%?-, A. S. tear,
Eng. icrtr.
12. Og and young.
Og (anciently 6c) corresponds to Old
W. ioucnc (now icuenc), which, when
compared with Lat. juvencus, shows
that og has dropped initial j, and also
n before the tenuis c. that the tenuis
has passed into its corres])onding medial,
and that the vowels have coalesced to
form long a. V (= v) either disappears
or is included in the diphthong ou of
ionenc and ò of og. (Zeuss' G. C, pp.
48, 106, 812, and Stokes' Ir. G., p. 93).
The connection between iouenc, juv-
encus, A. S. gc'ong, and Eng. young, is
obvious.
13. Ntmhaid and enemy.
Nàmhaid, now used in all the cases
of the singular, is a modernized form
of the dative and accusative singular
of the old noun nama, which was thus
declined —
Sing. Plur.
N. nama namit.
G. namat namat-n.
D. mlmit nuimtib.
A. namit-n ndimtea.
Y. a nama a naimtea.
Dual, N. and A. da namit, G. da
namat, D. dib naimtib.
These forms show that the stem of
this noun is namat, and by comparing
nama, namat, with cava (triend), gen.
carat, and with "V^'. carant (relation,
kin), we ascertain that namat is from
namant=namantas=na-amantas (Stokes'
Ir. G., p. 65), which corresponds to
ne-amantes, from 7ie (not), and a7no (I
love).
Again, enemy is from Fr. ennemi (from
Lat. inimiciis, compounded of in nega-
tive and amicus, from amd).
14. Fiodh and ivood.
Fiodli (wood), anciently fid, corre-
sponds to TV. givydd, to which O. S.
wida and A. S. xcudu (from which wood
is derived) are related. F in Gaelic
and gw in Welsh frequently correspond
to xi- in Anglo-Saxon and English.
Examples — Flon, gidn, unnc ; feith,
giveitio, zvaif.
15. Soisgeid and gospel.
Soisgeul (gospel), anciently sosccle, is
compounded of so or su (well, good)=
Sansk. su and Gr. s3. and sgeul (tid-
ings), ancientlv scd.
THE GAEL.
3ai
Gospel (^=godspeU) is compounded
of either god (God) or god (good) and
spell (tidings), also written spel. But
p and c frequently interchange (cf.
pluma and cUimh ; plant and clann or
eland; purpwa and corcur), and, there-
fore, we may regard spell and seel a-s
related, although the long vowel of
scH seems to indicate, as noticed by
Zeuss and Stokes, the loss of a con-
sonant.
(To he continued).
NEWS OF THE HIGHLANDS A2sD
ISLANDS.
The Ross-shire Association held their
annual re -union in the City Hall, Glasgow,
on Friday, 27th December, 1872. — Kenneth
Murray, Esq., of Geanies, presided, and
was accompanied to the platform by many
gentlemen, some of them all the way from
Ross- shire to partake of the evening's en-
tertainment. The progTamme was both
varied and select, and highly satisfactory.
Aiiev the soiree, a fashionable ball took
place.
Inverness. — The Gaelic Society of In-
verness held their annual dinner in the
Royal Hotel, on Thursday, the 26th
December, 1872. C. F. Mackintosh, Esq.,
of Drummond, occupied the chair, and
about the table might be seen a great
number of the town worthies. After
dinner, the secretary read the report,
which reflected creditably on the manage-
ment of the society, and their indefati-
gable committee. The programme of the
evening, along with excellent speeches,
embraced a number of select Gaelic songs,
all of which, we understand, were ren-
dered to the thorough satisfaction of the
audience.
Edinhurgii. — The Mull and lona
Association in Edinburgh, held their
annual re-union on the evening of Old
New- Year's day. The chair was occupied
by D. M'Phail, Esq., of this city, and
author of "An t-Eilean Muileach," "A
Dhomhnuill bhig, ho hii. ho ho," and
several, other popular Gaelic songs. This
meeti^ was thoroughly Highland, not
only that the progxamme was embellished
by a number of excellent Gaelic songs, but
also the chairman's address was delivered
in the melMuent tones of the language of
Muik nam mbr-hheann.
Glasgow Mull and Iona Association.
— The Glasgow Mull and lona Association,
held their annual re -union in the City Hall,
on Thursday, 30 th January. The hall was
quite crowded. R. MacKmnon delivered
a Gaelic speech, and Gaelic songs were
sung to the entire satisfaction of the
audience. jVIt D. Macpbee, West Nile
Street, and Mr R. MacKinnon, played a
selection of Highland ans on the bag-pipes
— both of them sustaining their well-
earned reputation.
Messrs." Blackwood have in the press a
History of the Clan Maclean, collated from
various MSS. in the possession of the late
:Mr ]Maclean of Ardgour, and annotated
and edited by the Rev. Alexander Stewart
of Ballachidish.
Inverness Gaelic Society.— The fol-
lowing are the office-baarers for 1873:
Ciiief—Clxmj Macpherson of Cluny. Chief-
taiuii—Mx Thomas Mackenzie, Mr Alex.
Dallas, and j\Ir Alexander Mackenzie.
Honoranj Secretanj — :Mr John Murdoch.
Secretanj—Mv "William Mackay. Trea-
surer— 'Six Duncan Mackintosh. " Members
of Comicil — ÌMessrs Charles Mackay, P.
Mackintosh, Duncan Maclver, G. P. Camp-
bell, and Alexander Maclean. Piper Pipe-
Major Maclenuan. Librarian— Mv Lachlan
Macbean. Bard—Mv Angus Macdonald.
Beault-— New Year's Day,— There are
still amongst us people who cling to the
customs of their forefathers. A grand
shinty match was held at Balblair, in the
vicinity of the village, on Old New Year's
Day- Sides being di-awn, upwards of 100
stalwart Highlanders entered the lists, and
the play was contested with great vigour
till 4 P.M., when it was found that the
players were so equally matched that no
hail was made on either side. There were
upwards of 200 spectators present. Ample
refreshments were supplied on the field by
Mr INIaclean, Teafrish, Mr Mackenzie,
late Lovat Arms, and others, and at the
conclusion jMr Morrison, Ord Cellar,
Beauly, proposed a happy new year to aU
present. The weather was fortunately
favourable, and the company separated,
resolved to hold another "of the same on
Old New Year's Day, 1874.
Glasgoav Celtic Socikty.— The annual
meeting of this society was held recently in
the Religious Institution Rooms— Dr. T.
333
THE GAEL.
D. Buchanan, vice-president, in the chair.
The treasurer's report showed that the funds
of the society amounted to £908 Vòs 7d,
and that there was carried to the capital
account, after meeting the claims against
the society during the year, about £10.
Akgvleshire Societv. — At the annual
meeting of this society, held in ^Maclean's
Hotel, Glasgow, the following gentlemen
were elected ollice- bearers for the ensuing
year : — Honorary President — The Right
Hon. the Marquis of Lorue, M.P. ; Presi-
dent— John Wingfield Malcolm, Esq., of
Poltalloch. Directors — James L. Mackie,
Alexander MacXeil,LachlanCavan,Duucan
Smith, Neil Sinclair, J. L. IMacArthur,
Duncan ^lacMaster, Alexander Fleming,
and j\Iatthew Bulloch. Hugh Stevenson,
writer, 138 Hope-street, secretary ; and
Colin Campbell, treasurer, were re-elected.
TO OUR READERS.
With the present number we bring
the first volume of T//e Gael to a close.
The success of the enterprise thus far
has been considerable, though not quite
sufficient to make it self-supporting;
but we believe, with the support pro-
mised, and the arrangements made for
the coming volume, the matter avìU soon
be placed in a different position. As
to our success in producing such a
periodical as our countrymen required,
we leave our readers to judge, believing
it suliicient for us to mention that
among many others the following Avell-
known Gaelic scholars have contributed
to the past volume, and promised
their continued co-operation and sup-
port for the coming year : — The Rev.
Drs ÌMaclauchlan, Clerk, and Mackay ;
Rev. Messrs Cameron, Renton ; Stew-
art, Nether Lochaber; Blair, Gl '.sgow ;
Blair, Nova Scotia ; Macgregor, Inver-
ness ; Ross, Rothesay ; Macnish, and
Professor Mackay, Canada ; Messrs
Colonel .James A. Robertson, J. F.
Campbell, Alexander Nicolson, Dr
Stratton, D. C. Macpherson, Evan
M'Coll, I). Macphail, F. D. M'Donell,
John Campbell, Lcdaig ; Mary, Mac-
kellar, John White, John Murdoch
P. MacGregor, John Forbes, &c., &c.
To these, and many other kind friends
who have assisted us in procuring sub-
scribers and in other ways, we tender
our most sincere thanks, and trust that,
with their continued co-operation and
support, the forthcoming volume of
The Gael will be found, in every re-
spect, what we aim to make it, a publi-
cation worthy of its name.
Our programme for the next volume
includes several new features, which we
hope will contribute largely to its value.
Among these will be a series of por-
traits, with biographical sketches, of
eminent Highlanders, commencing in
the next number with a portrait and
biographical sketch of the Rev. Dr
Mackay.
Popular Gaelic songs, with music,
will form another feature, and in our
next we shall give a set of " Muilc
nam mor-bheann,"
The first number of Vol. II. will be
enlarged to 40 pages, and shall appear
on the first of March, in various ways
improved.
GAELIC GRAMMAR.
Among other valuable contributions
j to The Gael, during the coming year,
! we take pleasure in announcing a series
of articles on Gaelic Grammar, by the
Rev. Alexander Cameron, of Renton.
For thorough Gaelic scholarship, Mr
Cameron has few equals, and these ar-
ticles will prove a most valuable aid to
those desiring a knowledge of the gram-
matical structure of the language. The
articles will be illustrated with exam-
ples and precedents.
ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS
Eriiata. — In ]\Ir Edmund's letter, in
the January number, for " ask further,"
read "seek further;" for " llannefch, a
dearing," read " llannerch, a clearhig ; "
for Tin-M'g, portions of a district," read
" Tin-wo', fortress of a district."'
Fe"bruary.
THE GAEL ADVERTISEMENTS.
187
CORRESPONDENCE.
Niddry Lodge,
Kensington, London, W.,
December 27th, 1872.
Sir, — Will you please to tell your
readers that as soon as I got to books
and to Gaelic scholars better informed
than myself, I told you all I knew
about the old song which you printed,
p. 260, and notice p, 304. Mr Cameron
says that Mr Campbell's copy is
"less accurate" than M'Donald's. I
have no copy. That which you printed
I believed to be an exact copy of the
Duke of Argyll's old manuscript,
and so I said. I could not judge the
relative correctness of M'Donald's
printed text of 1776, without the testi-
mony of the deceased bard of 1569 ;
I could not get that evidence Avithout a
Medium, so I did not judge these
ancient authorities. So far as I
remember M'Donald's rare work, the
various readings quoted by Mr Came-
ron are correctly given. For his
trouble and notice we all owe him
thanks, and I beg you to express mine.
I am, your obedient servant,
J. F. Campbell.
IMEICH GU ONTARIO.
THA Uchdranacli ]\Ior-roinn Ontario (no
max theirte roimhe seo " Canada an
lar ") a nise 'toirt aiseag saor doluchd-imrich
do 'n dutbaich sin. Gheobh mninntir iomch-
aidh an t-aiseag bho Ghlaschu gu aite sam bith
a dh-Ontario air son ceithir puinnd 's a' coig ;
agus clann air leth prise. Gheobh iadsan a
phaidheas ceithir puinnd 'sa' coig air son an
aisig ceithir-tastain fhichead a's ochd sgillinn
air ais, bho Uachdranachd Ontario, an deigh
dhoibh a bhi tri miosan 'san dutbaich sin ; ach
feumaidli muinntir a bhios airson an airgid
seo fhaighinn air ais, teisteanas f haotainn aig
an ard office an Glascbu, 43 Sraid York. Tha
'n dutbaich a' soirbheachadh. Tha pailteas
oibre ri faotainn, deagh thuarasdail, agus
fearann saor do mhuinntir a dh'fhanas 'san
dutbaich. Airsontuille fiosracbaidh, sgriobh
gu Alasdair BEGG, a tha mach bho
Uachdranachd Ontario gu eòlas a thoirt do
lucbd-imrich.
Glaschu, an Ciad Mios, 1873.
Nov} Beady, in Crovm 8i'o, Price 3d, or jier
Post Z\d,
AM FEILLIRE;
THE GAELIC ALMAXAC FOR 1873.
IX addition to aU the requisites of a Use-
ful AL:MAXAC, it contains the Births
and Deaths of the most celebrated High-
land Bards, the Karnes of the Chiefg,
Badges, War Cries, &c., of the Clans.
Xow in print for the iirst time.
Copies to he had on application.
IxvEKXESS : John Xoble, 98 Castle Street.
Glasgow : Xicolson & Co.
EdixbueGH : Maclachau & Stewart.
Mas toigh leat Gaidhlig chairdeil, thlath.
Mar labhair Adhamh 'n tùs i,
No 'n tea 5s fhearr 'tha nail an- sal,
Gun dhU ruig Iain MacDhomhnuill.
TEAS, FAMILY GROCERIES,
A>-D
PURE OATMEAL.
THE Subscriber supplies Families through-
out the Highlands, with excellent value
in the above Articles. Country Orders from
all parts of the Highlands and Western Isles,
will be forwarded, carefully packed with the
least possible delay.
JOHN MACDONALD,
WHOLESALE and FAMILY GROCER,
E X C H A X G E,
Tha tea, siucair, mion-cborc' a's gach aon
ni a dh' fheumas teaghlach, an còmhnuidh
aig IMac-DhòmhnuiU 'na bhùth ; agus tha e
aig gach am deas gu 'chur a dh-ionnsaidh a
cbairdean, araon anns a' bhaile 's anns an
dutbaich — eadhon, gu ruig aon sa bith de
cheithir eileanan fichead Innse-Gall. Gach
neach leis a miannach deagh luach fhaigh-
inn, ruigeadh e Mac-Dhomhnuill.
GOEDON'S LIVERT STABLES,
CAMPBELL TOWN, WANGANUL
BUGGIES, Carriages, aud Saddle Horses al-
waj-s on hire at a moment's notice. Wedding
parties,"with or withoiitpostilions. Picnic and Ex-
cursion Parties supplied with vehicles and careful
sober drivers, on reasonable terms. Horses aud
Carriacres bought, sold, and exchanged. Horses
carefuiiy broken to liaruess.
CHARLES GORDON, Proprietor.
February,
THE GAEL ADVERTISEMENTS.
1873
NOTICE TO EMIGRANTS
FROM
SCOTLANDJOJANADA,
ALLAN LINE.,
The Steamers of the ALLAN LINE resumed
their Direct Sailings from
6IASG0W 10 QUEBEC,
IN APRIL 1872,
ASD WILL CONTINUE TO SAIL
Every WIM iimiM Ik Season,
Passage Money.
Cahiii— To Quehec, - £13 13s.
„ To rortland, Boston or New- York, £14 Us.
Intermediate,— To Quebec, Portland,) ^q q„
BOSTON OR NEW-YORK, )
Steerage— To Quebec, Portland,) ^n />„
BOSTON OR NEW-YORK, \
mm' mi of msaimiic
STEAM PACKET SHIPS
FR03I
GLASGOW <fe LOiNDONDEUUY
NEW-YORK.
HALIFAX, N.S. AND ST. JOfliYN.B
SAILING REGULARLY FOR NE^Y-YORK^
(Unless prevented by unforeseen circumslanets.) j
From GLASGOW—
Every Saturday and Alternate Wednesday,
And from LONDONDERRY tlie foUowing days
These Steamers offer the best opportunity
for Passengers wishing to proceed to Canada,
as they are landed at the Railway Wharf at
Quebec, in the Dominion, and are thence
forwarded to all the principal Stations
imiTiediatcly after disembarkation.
Passengers wishing to proceed to the
Western States and Territories of the Union,
and to California, can be booked by Quebec,
as cheaply, and carried to destination as
expeditiously as by any other Line.
Dietary Bills, and full information as to
Through Tickets, Berth, Accommodation,
&c., and Rates for Children, may be had on
application to
mil và iimmi alias,
70 Great Clyde Street, Glasgow.
FOR HALIFAX, N.S. AND ST. JOHN, N.B
AT EEGULAR INTERVALS
throughout the season.
Passengers Booked at Tbrougb Rates to a!
parts of the United States, Canada, Nova
Scotia and New BRUNSWicK,at Lowest Fare?
FARES:-
SALOON CABIN, TWELVE, THIRTEEN
FOURTEEN, AND FIFTEEN GUINEAS
{According to Accommodation and Situation of berths).
To New-York, Boston, Baltimore,
auebec, Halifax, N.S. and St John N.E
Intermediate, - - Eight Guinea^
Steer.vge, - ■ - Six Guineas.
For further particulars, apply to
HANDYSIDE & HENDERSO
9 Union Street, Glasgow, an.
30 FOYLE STBEET, LOKDONPECrv
Februaiy,
THE GAEL ADVERTISEMENTS.
187S
ALEX. GLEN & SON,
SrANUFACTURERS OF
AND PUI3LISHERS OF
BAGPIPE MUSIC,
To Her Majesty's Highlanders,
IG CALTON HILL,
(Late of St. Andreiv''s Square,)
E D I N BUR G H.
BAGPIPES on hand or made to order at
prices varyini? from £2 10s. to £30; The
<ireat Highland or Military Bagpipe, (most
in use) made of Ebony, or Cocus Wood, full
mounted with Ivory, £8. Bagpipes repaired,
and Reeds, Chanters, and other parts furnish-
ed to order.
Messrs. GLEN & SON also publish the
following Bagpipe Music:
Bagpipe'^futor, containing 1 00 Tunes, correct-
edby AngusJI'Kay, Piperto HerMajesty,4s.
Ditto fourth edition, containing 15-3 Tunes,
Edited by Angus M'Kay, 6s.
New ColidCtion by John M'Lachlan, contain-
ing 120 Tunes, 6s.
New Collection by Alex. Glen, containing
120 Tunes, fis.
Descriptive List, containing further parti-
culars, List of Prices, &c., sent on application.
Tha Mr. A. Glen agus a Mhac a' deanamh
phioban inòrao cheann fliada, agusthaanobair
aca mar sin air a dcarbhadh agus air a h-aith-
neachadh am raeasg na cuid a's ftiirr's an
diithaich de 'n t-seòrsa.
IMRICH GU NEW ZEALAND.
rs^HA UACHDARANACHD NEW ZEAL-
L AND a' toirt cuideachadh Faraidh do
Luchd ObairFearainn, agus Ròidean laruinn,
do Threabhaichibh, Chilieiribh, agus do
blieagan Luchd cèirde dùthcha.
Do BnoiRioNNAicii òga air son seirbhis
tighe,tha Aiseag air a thoirt gun phiiidheadh
roimh l^imh.
Air son eòlais mu na cùmhnantaibh, sgrlobh
gu, no faic f($in aig 'office Am Fear-Ionaid
€oitchionn (Agent-Geneial) air son New
iiealand, aig 7 Westminster Chambers, Vic-
toria Street, Westminster, London, S, W.
5LVNUFACTURER OF
HIGHLAND BAGPIPES,
171 WEST NILE STREET,
GLASGOW.
Great Higlilaixl Bagpipes, made
of ebony, full-mounted with ivory, £S
do. half-mounted with silver, IG
do. full-mounted with silver,
Ornamented, Chased, or Engraved, 30
Half size as above, £5, £10, & 18
Miniature Pipe,
Practising Chanter, 0/, 7/G, & 0 10/
Large Pipe Chanters, 1 0/
Half size, do. 0 15/
Gunn's'Pipe Music, the best and most
complete collection of Strathspeys, Heoh,
Jigs, &c , ever published, bound in cloth,
6/, stiff covers, 5/.
TiTA Mr. MacPhi e f hein aithnichte 's an duthaioli mar
shar-f hear-cluiche air a' Phiob-Whòir, agus tha e uima
sÌQ eòlach air gach gnè agus beart a tha air son a dean-
amh coimhliont' air son ciuil; aguscha'n'eil Piob 'sain
bith a' fàgail na btith aige, gun a bhi ah- a dearbhadh
an toiseach leis fein agus tha e mar sin a' dol an urras
air gach te a ni e a bhi anns gach dòigh ceart.
^-^•.te p
MIGRATION TO AMERICA.
Passengers Booked by all Line
of Steamers leaving this and other Ports, lo
NEW YORK, QUEBEC, BOSTON, isc
Through Tickets issued to any ])art o
America and California, at Lowest Rates.
For further information, apjily to
R. MITCHELL,
m' Observe the Address,
178 Broomielaw, GLASGOW
OiFJCE Hours: — From 10 a m. till 8 p. in
every day, except Sunday.
IMRICH GU AMERICA.
Tha Luchdlmrich air an gabhail leis gach
buidheann Steamers a' lagai! a' phuirt so,
agus phort eile, air son dol gu NEW YORK,
QUEBEC, BUSTON, 6ke. Tha Tickets uir
son fad na slighe do iiite 'sam bith an
Americano an California air an toirt seaehud
aig a' phris a's isle.
Air son tuilleadh eolais sgrlobh gu
R. MITCHELL,
jes° Thoir faiuear an t àite,
178 Broomielaw, GLASGOW.
The 'Office fosgailte o dheich iiaireau 's a.
mhaduinn gu nchd 'san fheasgar a' h-uile lli,
ach lii na Siibaid.
,biuni^-. THE GAEL ADVERTISEMENTS. I873
CO
€^
2 ''B* CD
i
MAODOtra-AX.!. I5 CO.
Uespectfully solicit attention to the largest and most varied assortment of SCOTCH GOODS !i;
tlie Kingdom, for which their Establishment has been so long famed, and for which we wereiawardei'.
a Tikst-Class Piuze Medat. in tlie Great International Exhibition of 1852. "^
THE IIIGIILAND COSTUME complete and correct, with all the necessary Highland Orna-
ments, as we have the honour of regularly supplying to the English and French Courts.
THE FAIMOUS HIGHLAND CLOAK, for which we have long been famed, and only supply
iu the correct style.
FOll DEEÌl STALKING & GEOUSE SHOOTING an endless variety of the most approved
Fabrics for Mountain, Moor, and Eiver, including our old Standard Patterns so well known to al!
Sportsmen.
FOR TOWN WEAR an immense variety of the most delightful Textures in Heather, Granite
Stone, and other Plain and Fancy Patterns.
LINSEY WOOLSEYS in Snperb Qualities, and the Newest Shades and Patterns, for Ladic<'
Town and Country wear,
TAP.TANS, TWEEDS, and SCOTCH POPLINS, in exquisite Textures for Ladies' Dresses,,
Cloaks, Jackets, Dressing -Gowns, Riding Habits, &c., &c.
SHAWLS, PLAIDS, CLOAKS; JACKET.^, An unrivalled selection of Real (Undyed) Vicuana
Sliawls, Plaids, .lackets, &o., Fine Knitted Shetland Shawls and Hosiery — Decr-StaUcing
Hoods, Caps, an^l j^'onchos ; Railway Wrappers ; Kilt and Knickerbocker Hose, Stalking Hats, lìon-
1 ets, Caps, Gloves, Handkerchiefs, Scaifs, Waterproof Coats, Capes, Leggings, &c.
TWEEDS DESIGNED and MADE to suit any particular District.
THIN SCOTCH TWEEDS and FLANNELS specially prepared for Tropical Climates, modi -
call}' declared to be more healthy than either Cotton or Linen Fabrics.
CARPETS, CRUMBCLOTILS, HORSECLOTHS, BEDCOVERS, &c., made in all the Clan
Tartans,
PATTERNS and FORMS for Self-Measurement Free per Post.
GOODS FORWARDED to LONDON and the PROVINCES Free of Carriage, and to ALU
PARTS of the WORLD, without Risk to the Sender.
GREAT ATTENTION given to the prompt and exact execution of all Orders..
INSPECTION INVITED-MACDOUGALL & CO., Manufacturers to Her Bl.ijesty and tl,.
Royal Family, their Royal Highnesses the Prince and Princess of AVales, and the
Com ts of France, Russia, Prussia, and Spain
THE ROYAL CLAN TARTAN AND TWEED WAREHOUSE, Inverness, and 42 Sackvilic
Street (3 Doors Off), Piccadilly, London.
i