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H.M..3Ì. 


DCUBKIS 


U 


HEW- MORRISON  II 


D 


"'"'■■  ^"TÌVlièitèi 


WÈà 


'èi 


m 


I.  LEABH. 


2.  AIR. 


# 


-A.::2Sr 


GAIDHEAL; 

Paipeir-litoclifl  km  Leaìliar-SpiL 


DARA  MIOS  AN  FHOGHAIR.  1871. 


GL^I^-iI^:N^SI^>£c 


Mu  111  Scann  Ghaidheil 19 

Mu  loni]  inearlul  Shina 20 

NiiiUu  (ilidan     21 

JUatlii  L  tliclniiahCholuimClhUe  23 

Eio'li  O  Lhreig-Eileanhaidh 'J4 

Duu  Wirusgtigh  a^jus  Iain 'lh 

Orari,  air  Fogradh  nan  Gaidheal  ..  2(5 

CaitUream  do  Righ  Tearlach,  II.  ..  27 

Canada 18 


30 


Niasji-a 

An  Lon-r)ubU 

Seoiiaid,  Flur  Boidhcach  a  Ghlinn.   31 

Tuireadh  Seann  Fhleasgaca  32 

Oiscin  ;  a  'Linn  agus  a  Bhardachd  32 

Ro'  na  Chomhraig 83 

Tuire'  Fhinn  airson  Baile-Chluaidii  34 

Maibh-rana 35 

Laoidh,  air  Cor  an  Ouine 36 


"  Gabhaibh — eolas  thar  anòrthaghta."— Gnathfhooail  vili  10. 


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AN 


GAIDHEAL  ; 


PAIPEIR-NAIDHE^CHD 


LEABHAR-SGEOIL    GAIDHEALACH. 


X  CPIEUD   LEABHAPt,   ANNS  AM  BHEIL  DA  AIREAMH   DHEUG. 


^<;>.  f'  (_  V-'  1    .•  - / 

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(1  L  A  S  ( ;  H  U  : 
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C  L  A  R  - 1  N  N  S  I  D  H. 

(Contents  of  Vol.  I.)    . 


Taobh. 
Abraich  Gblasclui,  .  .  .  293 
Alba,  eachdraidh,  ...  60 

Ardfhear  foshluim  Gailig,      .         .  15 

Astralia,  litir  a,     .         .         .         .  58 

Bantraichean,  aa  tri,  .  .  .  202 
Bàs  uaislean  Gaidliealach,      .         .  90 

Galium  a'  Ghlinne.  167,  195,  231,  253, 

2S1,  809 
Canada,  .  13,  28,  56,  111,  179,  210 
Ceum  no  dha  o'n  Chagailt,  .         151 

Ceann-a-Ghiusaich,  .  ..  180,  228 
Cogadh  na  Frainge,       ...  5 

ColumCille,  ...       3,  23,  115 

Comunn  Oiseiueach  Ghlascliu,       .  91 

Comunn  Gaidhealacli  Lunuainn,  .  59,  236 
Cosamlilachdan,  ....  240 
Cuimhneachan,  ....  120 
Dubh  a'  Gbiubhais,  .  .  .  142 
Fànte  bho'n  011a  Mac  Aoidli         .  91 

—  bho'n  Sgiathanach,  .         176 

—  na  Ban-Phrionnsa,  .  GO 
Feillire,  am,  ....  316 
Freagairtean,  &c.,  18.  60,  94,  127,  155, 

185,214,242^317 
Gaidheil,  na  scauu,   2,  ]9,  47,  70;.1O7, 

.      '-498,  223 

—  Chanada,        .       .';  7 

—  Ghaschu,  .  .  77 
Gaidhealach,  na  Tigbcarnan  .  .  59 
Gailig  anns  na  Sgoileau,        .         .         296 

Gearain, 59 

lolaire  Locb  Truig,  .  .  .  285 
Leabhraicbean  ùra  Gailig,  .    15,  87 

Luchd-Leughaidb,  do  ar,  .  '  19,  326 
MacDbunleibbe,  Uilleam,  .  .  314 
Mac  Leoid,  an  t-olla,  .  .  .  139 
ISIairi  agus  an  t  Adjniral,       .         .         122 

Manitoba, 14 

Miann  na  Ban-Eireannaicb,.  .         178 

Naidbeacbdan,  14,  21,  50,  85,  124,  149, 

.    184,  213,  242,  267,  295,  325 
Xitbe  nuadb"  agus  scan,  11,  60,  93,  123, 

155,  185,  214,  314 
Oidbcbe  air  cbcilidb,      .         .         ,         238 

—  Sbambua  .  .  264 
Oisein,  a  liuu  agus  a  bhàrdacbd,.      32, 

48,  80,  108,  170,  200 
Ontario,  litir  u  .  .  .  .  240 
Oraidean  Gailig.    .        .         -        ,89.  289 


Taobh. 

Pòsadb  Tbigbeama 

Latburna.       .           15 

Pat  O'Connor, 

257 

Ecultaireacbd, 

225,  251, 

279,  307 

Pioimbradb, 

J. 

Eiin  ar  turuis. 

75 

Bùnasdacb,  litricbean  bbo,       113,  181, 

206,  319 

Samblaidhean  air  uitbcan  spioradail,      118 
I  Sgeulachdan,  .         .         .         209,  285 

Sgire  nra  Cbeallaig,  .  .  .  146 
Sgrios  nam  Piocacb,  .  .  .  266 
Slna,  mu  iompaireacbd,  .         .  20 

Sltbicbean,  na,  .  .  .  .  234 
Smuid  Sboitbeacb,  .         .         143,  172 

Sop  as  gacbseid,  95,  126,  155, 185,  214,  325 
Thomas,  Mrs  Caiptein,  .         .  57 

Toimbseachaiu,      11,  61,  94,  126,  155, 

185,  214,  314 


EAEDACIID. 

Abbuinn  Dù'lais, 

237 

Bas  Mborair  Chluaidh, 

. 

125 

—         Sbeanacherib,      . 

, 

212 

Beaunacbadb  leaunain. 

, 

237 

Brasailto, 

. 

259 

Buaidb  an  t-Soisgeil, 

65 

Cabar-feidh, 

174 

Combairle  do  na  gillean  oga 

, 

0 

—        Gaidheil, 

57 

Comunn  Gaidbealacb  Ghlinne 

Gairidh, 

53 

Creag-Eileacbaidh, 

24 

Cumba  do  Bbaintigbearna  '. 

3bubbair{ 

, 

296 

312 

—             Maigbdno 

. 

62 

Dan  Spioradail,     . 

17 

Doctoir  Ceitin, 

^ 

236 

Duan  Callaiune,     . 

148 

Duanag  a'  cluobair, 

. 

151 

—             Gbaoil,  . 

. 

12 

—             Ullamb,  an. 

260 

Duanan, 

'.90 

127 

Dun  Bbrusgraigb  agus  Iain. 

2^ 

,  51 

Dundiagb,  boineidean. 

. 

284 

Eilein   an  Fhraoicb, 

128 

Failte-gbaoil, 

. 

87 

Ara  Fear-Ullacbaidb,     . 

17 

Fionnairidb,  Slan  le. 

. 

150 

IV. 


CONTENTS. 


Taobh. 

T.^ORH. 

FrcagraJh  Gaoil,  .... 

148 

Rannan,         ..... 

146 

Gabhaidh  siane  'n  rathad  uior, 

288 

High  Tèarlach  II,  Caithream  do,  . 

27 

an    (iaidhcal  agus  an  Eala,    . 

286 

Roimb'n  Chòmhraig,     . 

33 

an  Gaidhcal  'am  measg  uau  Gall, 

10 

Rnathar  ]\Ihic  IMliuirich, 

117 

Gaol  diithcha,        .... 

12 

Seonaid  fliir  boidheach  a'  Ghlinu, 

31 

Geallaidheau  luaclnnhor, 

1)6 

Sir  Coinneach  ]Mac  Choinnich, 

211 

Homer,          .        .         .         .        -^Oò, 

317 

Sir  Seumas  A[ac  Mhathain,  oran  do. 

16 

Laoidhcan,    .         .    36,  110,  1-^,  154, 

256 

Solus  a'  dcalradh  mach  a  dorchadas 

,       206 

Loch  nan  Garr,     .... 

156 

Suspiria,        .-.•... 

121 

Lon-dubh,  an,        .... 

31 

Taladh  na  bean  shith,    . 

235 

Magh  Leuna,         .... 

63 

Taobh  mo  thoine  fhein, 

9 

^larblirann 

35 

Tuireadh  Baintighearna  Chola, 

179 

Mo  :\liiathair,         .... 

149 

—          ■  Fhinn, 

34 

Xcòinein,  do,         ...         . 

212 

—             Scann  fhleasgacha, 

32 

Niagra, 

30 

—             Seann  mhaighdimi, 

9 

Grain,     12,  26,  54,  55,  58,  86,  92,  186 

, 

Uilleam  ]Mac-Dhunleiblio,      . 

314 

238,  268,  318, 

322 

Urnaidh  Oisein,    .         .         .         . 

83 

unnd  Sasunnachj  Air 

122 

TO  ENGLISH  DEPARTMENT  OF  VOL.  L 


TAcr 

74 

165 

221 

44 

273 

99 


Agents,  list  of,      . 

Blackie,  Professor,  on  nationality, 

—  letter  from,     . 

Burton's  History  of  Scotland, 
Celtic,  the  place  of ,        .         .         . 
Celtic  Society,  Glasgow  Students, 
(Correspondence,     .         .         276,  303,  333 
Correspondents,  answers  to,        42,  74, 

105,  137,  166,  222,  250,- 278,  306,  332 
Editor,  letters  to,  ...    6,  249 

Finary,  farewell  to,        .         .         .         192 
Gaelic,  the  affinity  of  ,to  I^atin  and  G  reck,  157 

—  Grammar,  .         .         .         332 

—  Language,  ....  67 

—  Lore 271 

—  Orthography,     .         .  .  40 

—  School  society,    .         .         .         132 

—  Society  of  London,      .         .  44 

—  Specimens  of  ancient,         .  98 

—  Statistics,  ....         301 

—  Structure  and  Affinities  of  the,  37 
Glen  Truim  ball,  .  .  .  161 
"  God  save  the  Queen,"  Gaelic,  221,  250 
Highland  ]\Iarching  Song,     ,         .         101 

—  Eegiments,     .         .         218 

—  Societies,  meetings  of,     103 
Highlands  and  Islands,  News  of,      41,  73, 

101,  134,  161,  193,  222,  277,  306,  331 


Page 

Highlands,  the  history  of  the,        .  187 

Homer,  Gaelic,      ....  220 

Inverness  Gaelic  Society,       .        .  163 

Leabhar  na  Feinuc,        .         .         .  302 

Logan,  James,       .         ...         .  101 

Maclauchlan,  Dr.,  Gaelic  Class,     .  100 

—             Letter  from,    .    '     .  102 

Murdoch,  ]\Ir,  retiroinent  of,           .  248 

Nationality,  what  determines,         .  136 

Nether-Lochaber,  letter  from,         .  221 

Ossian,  ■..*..  43 

Ossianic  poetry,  fragment  of,         .  189 

Philological  Enquiries,           .  43,  74 
Philology,  Gaelic,  .          215,  243,  249,  329 

Poetry,  the  spirit  of,      .         .         .  134 

Preaching,  bilingual,     .         .         .  129 

Readers,  to  our,     ....  332 
River  names  of  England,        246,  299,  327 

Skye,  my  captivity  in,  .         .         .  135 

Subscribers,  to  our,        .         .         .  45 

Thankful  breathings,     .         .         .  134 

"The  Gael,"  kind  words  to,   .         .  42 

The  Bonnet  Kilt  and  Feather,        .  303 

"The  Highlander,"        ...  305 
The  Highlanders  of  New  Brunswick,     160 

The  Highlanders  of  North  Carolina,  97,160 

Tuam  News  on  The  Gael,      .         .  278 


.A-isr 


GAIDHEAL. 


I.  Leabh.]         DARA   MIOS  an  FHOGHAIR,  1871. 


[2  Air. 


DO  AR  LUCPID  LEUGHAIDH. 

Tlia  An  Gaidheal  a  nis  a  cur  failte 
air  a  chaii-dean  an  dara  'uair,  agus  ag' 
iarraidh  maitheanas  air  son  a  bhi  cbo 
fadalach.  Cha  'n  eil  leagamh  nach 
robh  cuid  dhiubh  a  caoidh  air  a  sbon  a 
cheana,  a  smuaineachadh  gu'n  deacb  e 
air  chall  anns  a  choille,  no  gun  d'  tba- 
chair  aimlisg  no  dochann  eile  de  'n 
t-seorsa  ris  a  cbuir  as  an  rathad  e.  Acli 
tha  sinn  rò  tboilicbte  innse'  do  ar  caird- 
ean  nach  do  thacbair  dad  de  'n  t-seorsa ; 
cha  'n  'eil  eu  slaint  no  eugailt  sa  'm 
bith  a  cur  air.  An  aite  sin  's  ann  a  tha 
e  ga  fhaighinn  fhein  moran  na's  treise 
agus  na's  misneachail  gu  gabbail  air  a 
thurus  gu  reith  direach,  na  bha  e  roimh. 

'N  uair  a  thoisich  sinn  air  a  Ghaidh- 
EAL,  bha  e  rhmi  oirnn  a  chur  a  mach 
gach  mios ;  tha  sinn  duilich  gu  'n 
deach'  na  raighailtean  sin  a  thilgeadh 
bun  o's  ceann  oirnn,  le  Mr.  MacNeacail, 
'am  fear  ullachaidh,  a  bhi  air  a  chur  a 
mach  le  uachdranachd  Chanada,  gu 
sealtaiun  as  deigh  gnothfiichean  luchd- 
iomruich,  blio  'n  Ghaidhealtachd  agus 
ceann  tuath  Alba.  Tha  moran  ullach- 
aidh aige  ri  dheanamh  air  son  a  thui-uis 
agus  gun  an  uine  ach  goirid  air  son  a 
dheanamh ;  tha  e  eu-comasach  uime 
sin  an  Gaidheal  a  chur  a  mach  ach 
gach  dara  mios,  gu  toiseach  na  bliadhna 
ùir.  Cha  bhi  call  's  am  bith  aig  ar 
luchd  leughaidh  a  thaobh  na  riaghailt 
so,  oir  glieibh  iad  da  aireamh  dheug 
air  son  pàidheadh  na  bliadhna  ;  se  sin 
aon  air  son  gach  mios  sa  bhliadhna. 

Tha  sinn  a  nis  air  cluintinn  bho 
mhoran  d'  ar  luchd-duthcha,  as  gach 
cearna  bho  Lhoch-na-Madadh  an  Uist, 
gu  Australia  agus  Duthaich  na  h-Aimh- 
ne  Deirg  ;  agus  gu  dearbh  ma  bha  teag- 1 


amh  s  am  bith  againn  's  a  cheud  dol 
a-much  mu  shoirbheachadh  a  Ghaidh- 
EiL,  tha  e  nis  air  f  huadach  buileach  air 
falbh.  Tha  sinn  fo  chomain  agus  a  toirfc 
moran  taing  dhoibh  uile  air  son  an 
gniomhara  agus  am  briathraibh  caimh- 
neil. 


MU  NA  SEANN  GHAIDHEIL. 

II. 

NA    PICTI,    NO    DAITHTICH. 

Roimh  dheireadh  na  treas  linne  cha 
robh  ainm  sam  bith  eile  ach  Caledon- 
aich  air  luchd-aiteachaidh  Ceann  tuath 
Bhreatuinn  aig  na  h-Eachdraichibh 
Romanach.  Ach  mu  'n  bhliadhna  296 
thugadh  ainm  nuadh  orra,  'se  sin 
"Picti,"  na  Pictich,  no  Daithtich,  no 
a  mhuinntir  Dhaithte.  B'e  Euvienius 
an  Cainntear  a  chleachd  an  t-ainm  so 
air  tus  anns  an  Oraid  chliuthachaidh  a 
rinn  e  do  Chonstantius  Cidorus  air  son  j 
na  buaidh  a  thug  e  air  an  traoiteir 
Alectus.  Air  dha  labhairt  mu  na 
Deas  Bhreatunnaich  thubhairt  e  "  Os 
barr  bha  an  cinneach  aineolach  aig  an 
am  sin,  agus  a  chionn  nach  b'aithne  do 
na  Breatunnaich  ach  na  Picti  agiis  na 
h-Eirionnaich  a  mhain,  naimhdean 
leth-ruisgte,  uime  sic  gheill  iad  gu 
furasda  do  airm  agus  do  bhrataich  nan 
Romanach."  Gum  b'  iad  na  Picti  so, 
an  t-aon  sluagh  ceudna  ris  na  Caledon- 
aich  tha  Eumenius  so  fein  a'  noch- 
dadh  gu  soilleur  anns  an  oraid  a  rinn  e 
air  beulaobh  an  Inipire  Con.stantin  mac 
Chonstantius  anns  a'  bhliadljiia  a.  d. 
309.  Nuair  a  mhol  e  Constantius 
d'a  mhac  thubhairt  e,  "  ISTach  bu  deoin 
leis  coilltichean  agus  catharraich-moin- 
tich  nan  Caledonach  agus  nam  Picteach 
eile  a  ghlacadh,  no  eadhon  Eirinn  a  bha 


20 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


fagus  air  lainili,  no  eilean  TLula  a  blia 
fad  as."  Tlia  e  dearbliadh  gun  rol»b 
cogadh  aig  na  Deas  Bhrcatunnaich  ris 
na  Picti  roimh  tlieacLd  Julius  Chaesair, 
agus  a'  feiicliainn  an  dealacliaidli  a  bha 
eadar  Caosar  agus  Constantius.  Agus 
nuair  a  tlia  e  ag'  radb  guu  rol)]i  na 
Picti  letL-ruisgte  freagraidli  an  t-iom- 
radli  so  gu  matb  do  na  Gaidhil  sgead- 
aicbte  lois  an  fheile-bheag. 

Tiia  e  coltadi  guu  d'  tbainig  au 
t-ainm  Picti  o  n  chleachdadh  a  bha 
coitcheann  am  ineasg  seann  luchd 
aiteachaidh  Bbreatuinn,  oir  tha  lulius 
Caesar  ag  innseadli  giin  robh  iad  'gan 
dath  fein  lo  dath  li;vghorni  a  chum  an 
aogus  a  dheanamh  na  b'  eagalhiiche  ann 
an  am  cogaidh ;  agus  tha  Herodian  ag 
radh  mar  an  ceudna  gun  robh  na  Cale- 
donaich  uilc  DaitJde  ri  linn  an  Impire 
^everus  nuair  a  chaidh  e  gu  tuath  sa' 
bbliadhna  1^07.  Tha  am  Bard  Claudian 
mar  an  ceudna  ag  radh  "  Nach  ann 
cearr  a  blia  an  t-ainm  Picti"  ( Nee /also 
Nomine  Picti),  a  ciallachadh  gun  roijh 
an  t-ainm  freagarrach  dhoibh  a  chionn 
gun  robli  iad  air  an  dath,  oir  tha  am 
facal  Laidin  Pictus  a  'ciallachadh 
**  daithte."  Tha  e  ro  choltach  gun  do 
le&n  na  Gaidhil  Thuathach  air  a' 
chleachdadh  so,  a  bhi  'gan  dath  fein  sa' 
chogadh,  an  deigh  dhoibh  sgur  dheth 
ann  an  ceann  a  Deas  Bhi-eatuinn,  ni 
a  thachair  co  luath  sa  cheannsaicheadh 
an  tir  leis  na  Romanaich,  agus  gu 
h-araid  an  uair  a  thainig  an  creideamh 
Criosduidh  a  steach  do  'n  Eilean.  Os 
barr  tha  am  Bai'd  Claudian  a'  feuchainn 
dhuinn  an  doigh  anns  an  robh  an  dath 
so  air  a  dheanamh,  eadhon  le  roiun 
bhioràich  iarruinn  leis  an  robli  an 
craiceann  air  a  thoUadh  agus  an  dath 
air  a  chur  a  steach  anns  na  lotaibh, 
*'Jerroque  notalas  perlegit  exangucs 
Picto  taoriente  figuras."  "  Leugh  e 
cruthan  neofhinelteach  air  an  dealbh  le 
iarmnn,  air  corj)  marbh  a'  Phictich." 
Mu'r  h-ann  o'  n  chleachdadh  so  a  fliuair 
iad  an  t-ainm  cha-n  eil  c  soilleur  cia 
bhuaithe  a  dli'  eirich  e,  oir  cha  'n  'eil 
focal   sam   bith   cosmhuil  ris  anns  a' 


Ghailig  Eirinnich  no  Albannaich  o' 
'm  faodadh  an  t-ainm  Pictich  a  bhi  air 
a  radh  ris  an  t-sluagh.  Agus  chan  'eil 
dearbhadh  .sam  bith  gun  robh  an  t-ainm 
so  air  a  radh  riutha  leotha  fein  no  leis 
a'  chuid  eile  de  mhuinntir  dhucliasaich 
Bbreatuinn.  D.B.B. 

Gu  hhi  air  a  leantuinn. 


MTJ  lOMPAIREACHD  SHINA. 

Tha  an  treas  cuid  de'n  chinne-daona 
gu  leir  's  an  duthaich  fharsuinn  bo. 
Eadar  dhaoine,  rahnathan  as  chloinn, 
tha  mu  dha  cheud  deug  muilleki 
pearsa  's  au  t-shaoghal  ;  agus  dhiu  sin, 
tha  corr  a's  ceithir  cheud  muilleiii  au 
Sina  amhain,  moran  tuille  na  tha  's  an 
Eorpa  gu  leir.  A  reir  coltais,  bha  na 
Sinich  aiumeil  bbo  cheann  iomad  linn  ; 
oir  tha  am  Faidhe  Isaiah  ga'n  ainmea- 
chadh,  (Caibdeil  XL  12)  am  nieaag 
nan  cinneach  a  thigoadh  gu  Criosd'a. 

Bho  cheann  corr  a's  da  cheud  bliana, 
cheannsaich  na  Tataraich  gu  tuath 
orra  na  Sinich  ;  agus  chum  iad  fo 
smachd  iad  gus  an  latha  'n  diugh.  Is 
Tatarach  aat-Iompaire  's  a  theaghlach, 
agus  moraii  de  na  li-ard  uaislibh.  Tlia 
saighdeirean  din,  cuideacbd,  aig  an 
lompaire  ;  agus  tha  pairt  mbor  de  thir 
nan  Tatarach  's  an  iom])aireichd  aige. 
Ach  is  Sinich  a  chuid  mLor  d'  a 
shlaagh. 

Tha  na  Sinich  uile  colta.ch  ri  cheile, 
am  pearsa  'b  an  intinn.  Th*  am  fait 
dubli  direach,  gun  Ivib  gun  dual,  le 
feusag  dhubh,  thana  agus  sililean 
dubha.  Tha  an  craiceann  donn  dor- 
cha,  le    aghaidhibh   plubach^  agus    car 

aird  an  taobh  ainach  na  sùl.  Cha'n 
eil  iad  am  bitcheantas  co  mor  na  oo 
tròm  ri  Breiteannaich,  na  idir  co  laidir 
no  CO  misneachail.  Tha  iad  seachnach 
air  bainne,  im  a's  caise ;  ach  ithidh 
iad  coin,  agus  gach  sorsa  blianaich.  'S  e 
cotain  is  aodach  do  n  chuid  mhòr 
dhiu,  ged  tha  side  aig  na  b-uaislibh  : 
oir  tha  caoirich  gann  n'  am  measg. 

Tha  iad  buileach  modhail,  n'  an  doigh 
fhèin ;     agus   tha   e   mar   fhasan   aoa 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


21 


brògan  beag  iaminn  a  chuir  air  na 
baintigheamaibh  oga,  agus  a  cumail 
orra  gus  am  fae  iad  suae.  Tha  bo  ro 
phianail  do  'n  chloinn ;  agus  tha  e  a 
cumail  an  oasan  gun  lùth  gun  neart ; 
ach  cha  bhitheadh.  iad  fasanta  air 
dboigh  eiie.  Chan  'eil  nigheanan 
dhaoin*  bochda  'g  an  cur  fo  'n  chràdh 
BO  ;  aguB  uime  sin  tha  an  caean  mar  a 
chuid  eUe  de  n'  chLnne  daona. 

Tha  na  Sinich  deanadach,  uiobhalta, 
agus  grunndail ;  agua  uime  sin  tha 
tnoran  de  na  thainig  do  na  Staidean  diu 
a  deanamh  airgid.  Ach  tha  iad  co 
rùnach  mu  'n  tir  fhein  'b  gum  bheil  iad 
a  dol  air  ais  oo  luath  's  a  gheibh  iad  an 
leoir.  Air  an  laimh  ©ile,  tha  iad 
carach,  cealgach,  an-iochdar.  Tha  moran 
diu  a  tilgeadh  amach  an  leanaban 
nighinn,  gu  bàsachadh  am  feadh  's  a 
tha  iad  I'o  speiseil  mu  'm  pàrantaibh. 

Tha  iad  co  fein -speiseil 's  gum  bheil 
iad  a  sealltuinn  sios  air  a  chuid  eile  de 
'n  t-shaoghal  gu  leir ;  ach  fhuair  iad 
■dearbha  laidir,  bho  cheann  ghoiiid, 
nach  eil  iad  coimeas  do  dhaoine  na  h- 
Eorpa  an  coga'  ;  oir  chaidh  an  ruaig 
air  am  feachdaibh,  roi  aireamh  bheag 
de  naimhdibh.  Tha  iad  buileach 
fiadhta  ri  coigrich,  air  dhoigh  's  gum 
bheil  e  cunnartach  do  dhaoine  fuireach 
'n  am  measg ;  agus  chan  'eil  doigh  air 
tearantachd  ach  eagal  a  chuir  orra,  le 
peanas  trom,  gach  uair  a  ni  iad  aineart 
air  coigrich.  Bho  cheann  ghoirid, 
chreach  agus  mhort  iad  moran  choig- 
reach  aig  baile  ris  an  abrar  Tien-tsin. 
Bha  larla  Chlarendon  gu  mor  ri  choir- 
eachadh  airson  so.  Oir  b'e  ard-f  hear- 
corahairle  na  ban-righ  mu  chuisibh 
choigreach;  agus  sgriobh  e  litir  gu 
righ-theachdaire  Bhreiteann  an  Sina, 
nach  dionadh  am  feachd  Breiteannach 
an  luchd-teagasg  Criosdaidh  an  Sina. 
Co  luath  's  a  chuala  na  Sinich  so,  ghabh 
iad  misneach,  gu  droch  run  an  cridhe 
a  chuir  an  gniomh. 

Is  cinnich  dhall  na  Sinich ;  ach  tha 
a  nise  iomad  coi-thional  Criosdaidh  n' 
am  measg,  a  chaidh  iompachadh  bho 
cheann  ghoirid  ;  agus  tha  iomad  min- 


iateir  a  eearmonachadh  an  t-Bhoiegeil 
dhoibh.  Chan  eil  iad  idir  ro  eudar  mu 
'm  baoth-chreideamh  fhein.  Tha  moran 
diu  a  deanamh  aoradh  do  thaibhsibh 
an  aithrichean,  agus  thaobh  amach  de 
sin,  chan  eil  ach  beag  aoraidh  air  bith 
aca.  Tha  muilean  urnaigh  's  an 
duthaich  ;  agus  tha  iadsan  a  creidsuin 
gum  bheil  eifeachd,  an  tilgeadh  urnaigh 
sgriobhta  air  paipeir  anns  a  mhuUean. 
Tha  iad  ag'  radfc  gum  bheil  gach  car 
de  'n  phaipeir  co  math  ri  urnaigh  air  a 
toirt  suas  bho  'n  bheul  :  agus  gun 
teagamh  tha  sin  fior,  thaobh  urnaigh- 
ean  ri  diathaibh  breige. 

Tha  sinn  an  dòchas  gun  cur  luchd- 
riaghlaidh  na  h-Eorpa  agus  America, 
casg  air  ainneart  nan  Sineach,  air 
dhoigh  's  gum  bi  gach  coigreach  'n 
am  measg  sabhailte,  agus  gun  sgaoU  an 
soisgeil  dorchadaa  na  tire,  gus  am  bi 
faisneachd  Isaiah  air  a  coilionadh,  agus 
an  tionndaidh  na  Sinich  uOe  gu  Crioad. 


NAIDHEACHDAN. 

Tha  a  bhann-shith  eadar  Breiteann 
agus  na  Staidean  air  a  daineachadh,  air 
dhoigh  's  nach  'eil  coltas  gum  bi  cogadh 
na  connsachadh  eadar  an  da  dhuthaicli 
car  iomad  linn,  agus  math  dh'  fheuta  a 
chaoidh.  Reitich  a  bhann  so  o-ach 
connspaid  a  bha  eatorra.  A  thaobh 
iasgach  air  cladaichibh  Chanada,  a^'us 
seoladh  air  amhainn  Saint  Larans, 
chan  'eil  comas  sin  a  dheanamh  gu  bhi 
aig  sluagh  nan  Staidean  mur  aontaich 
Parlamaid  Chanada  ris.  Agus  mur 
faidh  iadsan  sin,  cha  toir  iad  comas  do 
shluagh  Chanada  seoladh  air  cuid  de  'n 
uisgeaohaibhsan.  Dh'  aontaich  Eilein 
Phrionnsa  Eudard  ri  so  a  cheana;  ao-us 
ged  a  tha  cuid  de  mhuinntir  Chanada  an 
aghaidh  aontachadh  ris  an  ni  so,  's  e  ia 
coltaiche  gun  dean  iad  e.  Oir  bheir 
sin  moran  airgid  do  bhaile  mor  JVIhon- 
treal. 

Bha  an  Samhradh  buileach  tioram 
air  feadh  Chanada  agus  na  Staidean 
mu  thuath  ;  ach  tha  am  bar  math  am 
bithcheantas,  agus  an  cruineachd  sonr- 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


uichte  niatli.  Tlia  pris  rahath  air  feudail 
's  na  dutlichaibh  sin,  agus  tha  deagh 
am  aig  luchd-ceird  as  tuarasdail. 

Aiu  Breiteann  mlmth  a  Bhann-righ, 
air  comhairlc  a  h-ard  luchd  riaglilaidli, 
an  seann  glinath  mu  dhreuclidaibli  's 
an  arm.  Bho  cheann  da  cheud  bliana, 
bha  iad  sin  air  an  reiceadh  ri  daoine 
beirteach  :  oir  cha  b'  urrainn  daoine 
boclid'  an  ceannaoli, — Uime  sin  bha 
moran  de  na  li-oiiigicli  neo-flireagarrach 
ail-son  an  dreucbd,  on  a  tha  e  trie  a 
tachairt  gum  bheil  beirteas  aig  umaidh. 
Agus  on  a  tha  daoine  glic,  cruadalach 
agus  tapaidh  gle  thric  bochd,  bha  iad  sin 
ail'  an  cumail  fodha,  agus  daoine  gun 
Beagh  OS  an  ceann.  Bha  so  ro  mhi  thait- 
neach  do  'n  duthaich  gu  leir  ach  na  h-ard 
uaislean.  Dh'  oireapaicli  iad  sin  air  an 
seann  ghnath  a  chumail  suas  ;  ach  dh' 
fhairtlich  orra  ;  agus  a  nis  tha  dochas 
gum  faidh  daoine  air  aghart  's  an  arm 
Bhreiteannach  mar  an  armaibh  eile 
na  h-Eorpa — a  reir  an  toilltinneis,  's 
chan  aim  a  reir  cothrom  an  sjiorain. 
Ni  so  an  t-arm  gu  mor  ni  's  neartaire  ; 
agus  bithidh  e  n'  as  fhasa  daoine  frea- 
garrach  fhaidhinn. 

Tha  cuiscan  a  do]  air  aghart  's  an 
Fhraing  n'  as  fhearr  na  bha  duil  aig 
moran.  Ghlac  feachd  an  luchd  riagh- 
laidh  Paris  ;  agus  chaidh  moran  de  'n 
luchd  ceannairc  a  mharbhadh,  agus  ro 
mhoran  diu  a  ghicadh.  Rinu  na 
daoine  coirbte  sin  moran  dochainn  do  n 
bhaile-mhor,  mus  an  do  chuireadh  sios 
iad.  Mhort  iad  moran  de  'n  luchd 
aiteachaidh,  agus  thilg  iad  sios  agus 
loisg  iad  iomad  taigh-mor  riomhach 
agus  carncuimhne  grinn.  'Na  'm 
measg  bha  cuid  de  luchairtibh  seann 
righrean  na  Frainge,  agus  carragh  ard 
abhamarchuiuihneachanairnabuaidh- 
ibh  a  fhuair  na  Frangaich  thair  an 
naimhdibh  an  laithibh  a  cheud  Bhona- 
parte,  le  iomhaigh  fheiu  air  a  mhullach, 
'Nuair  a  leag  iad  an  carragh,  chaidh  an 
iomhaigh  a  bhriseadh,  agus  thilg  cuid 
de  na  bha  's  an  lathair  sinugaidean 
oirre,  oir  rinn  an  t-Iompaire  mu  dheire 
a    Iheithid   a   dh'    aintighearnas   orra 


s'  gun  robh  iad  Ian  feirg  an  aghaidh  a 
luclid-dàimh  gu  leir,  gun  sgoinu  do 
mhoralachd  IJhonaparte'nuair  a  bliae  'n 
aird  a  chumachd  agus  iomad  righ  fo  a 
smachd.  Tha  na  Frangaich  a  paidh- 
eadh  an  airgid  <lo  na  Gearmailtich,  a 
reir  na  bainn  shith  eatorra,  agus  tha 
feachdan  nan  Gearniailteach  a  dol 
dachaidh  agus  a  fagail  na  Frainge, 
uidh  air  uidh.  Tha  cairdean  aig  teagh- 
lach  nan  sean  righ  agus  aig  Bonaparte 
'n  am  measg  ;  ach  a  reir  coltais  tha  a 
chuid  mhor  de'n  dnthaich'n  an  aghaidh; 
agus  fanaidh  iad  air  fogradh,  mar  a 
tha  iad  :  ach  aig  an  Flireasdal  amhain 
tha  fios  ciod  a  thachaireas  's  an  Fhraing. 

Cha  robh  an  cogadh  an  aghaidh  nam 
Frangach  gnu  chall  troin  do  na  Gear- 
mailtich ;  agus  tha  gainne  bidh  'n  am 
measg  ;  ach  on  a  thug  iad  buaidh  air  na 
Frangaicli,  agus  tha  an  tir  uHe  fo  aon 
riaghladh,  tha  iad  toilichte  misneachail. 

'S  an  Eadailt  tha  baile-mor  na  Roimhe 
a  ris  na  cheann-bhaile  air  an  tir  gu  leir, 
ni  nach  robh  e  roimhe  bho  cheann  corr 
as  ceithir  cheud  deug  bliana.  Tha  an 
righ,  a  luchd  comhairle,  agus  na  righ- 
theachdairean  a  nis  a  conuidh  an  sin. 
Tha  am  Pajia  fhathasd  'na  sheann 
luchairt,  air  taobh  tuath  na  h-aimhne 
Tiber ;  agus  a  reir  coltais  tha  e  a  runa- 
chadh  fantuinn  an  sin.  Tha  an  righ. 
a  tairgseadh  sea  ceud  mile  dolar  's  a 
bhliana  dha. 

Tha  aithris  gum  bheil  an  canal  mor 
eadar  amiiainn  na  h-Eifeid  agus  a  Mhuir 
Piuadh  a  lionadh  suas  le  gaineamh 
na  Fasaich  a  tha  ghaoth  a  seideadh 
anil.  Ma  's  hor  so,  tlieid  an  canal  bho 
fheum  an  nine  ghorrid,  mur  glanar 
ainach  a  ghaineamh.  Bithidh  so  ro 
chostail ;  agus  cliaii  urrainn  na  Fran- 
gaich aig  am  bheil  e  an  laimh  an  cosd 
a  phaidheadh.  Dh'  iar  iad  air  feai*- 
rioghlaidh  na  tire  (ris  an  abrar  an 
Khedive)  gu  conadh  leotha;  ach  dhiult 
esan  ;  agus  is  coltach  gur  eiginn  do  na 
Frangaich  an  canal  a  reiceadh  eio  no 
Sasunnaich,  aig  am  bheil  pailteas  aiigid. 
Tha  an  canal  gu  mor  n'  as  feumaile  do 
na  Breiteannaich  na  do  na  Frangaich, 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


23 


de  bhrigh  nan  duthchan  mora  an  Asia 
air  am  bheil  tighearnas  aig  Breiteann. 


BEATHA-EACHDRATDH 
CHOLUIM  CHILLE. 

Caib   II. 

Dheonincli  a  dha-dheug  do  na  foghlu- 
maich  aig  Colum  Cille  falbh  maille  ris 
a  Eirinn.  Is  iad  an  ainmean  Baithen 
(a  Chleracli),  Diarmid  (a  mliinistear) 
Mochonna,Cobthacb,Ernaan,Rus,Fech- 
no,  Scandal,  Eochoid,  Tocbaunu  Cair- 
naau  agus  Grillaau.  Bba  Colum  Cille 
a  toirt  combairle  air  Mochonna  (mac 
Righ  Ulster)  gu'n  a  dhutliaich  agus  a 
phai-antan  fbagail.  Ach  dbiult  e  til- 
leadh,  afreagairt  "  Is  e  thusa  m'  atbair, 
"  an  Eaglais  mo  mbatbair,  agus  an  aite 
*'  anns  an  cruinnicb  mi  an  toradb  as  mo 
"  do  Cbriosd,  mo  dbutbaicb."  Bba  mar 
so  infcinn  tbeacbdairean-soisgeulacb  aig 
Colum  Cille  agus  a  cbompanaicb  a  fa- 
gail  Eirinn.  Slieol  iad  ann  an  curracb, 
a  bba  na  bàta  laidir,  agus  rainig  iad 
tir  aig  Port-a-Cburraicb  ann  an  Eilean 
I,  (ris  an  abrar  mar  an  ceudna  Innis- 
nan-Drui'neachaig  's  an  am  sin).  Db' 
iricb  Colum  Cille  an  cnoc  a  b'airde  bba 
's  an  eilean,  's  cbunnaic  e  gu  robb  e  a 
sealladb  Eirinn ;  oir  bba  do  gradb  aig 
da  dbutbaicb,  's  nach  bitbeadb  e  toil- 
icbte  a  bbi  ga  faicbinn  gu'n  bbi  innte. 
Runaicb  e  a  cbombnaidb  a  dbeanamb 
san  eilean  bheag  sin  oir  cbunnaic  e  gu' 
robb  e  so-ruigsinn  do  na  b-eilleananmun 
cuairt,  agus  gi\n  robb  e  na  eilean  a  bba 
maitb  airson  barr  agusionaltradh,  agus 
mar  sin  ro  fbreagarracb  airson  aite- 
taimb  fhogblumaich  agustbeacbdairean. 
Bba  so  anns  a  bbliadbna  A.  D.  563. 
Cbaidb  cai-n  a  tbogail  air  mullacb  a 
chnuic  a  db'iricb  Colum  Cille,  ris  an 
abrar  fbatbast  Carn-cul-ri-EÌ7-inn. 

Tbug  Conal,  Rigb  na  Scuite  (Scots), 
Eilean  I,  doCboluiin  Cbille  mar  sbeilbb, 
agus  dbaingnicb  Bruidbe  no  Bride, 
Rigb  na  Piocuicb  (Picts)  a  cboir,  agus 
anns  a  bbliadbna  5G5,  tbog  Colum  Cille 
Catbair  Cbuldicb  anns  an  Eilean.    Bba 


a  Chatbair  a  co-sbeasamb  ann  an  eaglais, 
tigb  do  na  coigricb,  agus  tigbean  do  na 
ministearan  agus  na  foghlumaich.  Bba 
na  tigbean  air  an  togail  le  fiodb  agus 
slatan  caoil. 

Tba  an  t-Urramacb  Bede  a  sgriobh 
Eacbdraidb  na-b-Eaglais  ann  an  Sas- 
uinn,  mu  cbiad  bliadbna  'n  deigh  bag 
Choluim  Cbille,  a  toirt  an  cunntas  a 
leanas  air  a  theacbdaireacbd  : — "Ann 
"am  bliadbna  Cbriosd,  cuig-ciad  tri  fich- 
"  ead  agus  a  cuig,  'nuair  a  bba  lompair- 
"  eacbd  na  RoÌTubefo  riagbladb  Justin 
"  a  b'oige,  tbainig  Colum  Cille  a  bba  na 
"  Pbreasbitair  agns  na  Abba,  agus  a 
"  bba  ro  chliuiteach  airson  a  sbaotbair 
"  agus  agbiulan  agus  sin  gu  fuigbail,  a 
"  Eirinn  do  Bbreatuinn.  Be  a  run  ann 
"  a  bbi  teacbd, — focal  Dbe  a  sbearrnon- 
"  acbadb  ann  an  dutbcbannan  na  Pio- 
"  cuicb  Tbuatbacb  (Northern  Picts)  oir 
"  bba  'n  sluagn  a  bba  mu  Dbeas  dbiubt 
"  sin  air  an  iompacbadh  a  chum  a  cbre- 
"  idimb  le  Ninian  ùine  fbada  roimbe 
"  an  am  sin.  Tbainig  Colum  Cille  do 
"  Bbreatuinn  'nuair  a  bba  Bride, prionn- 
"  sa  ro  cbumbacbdacb  a  rioghachadh 
"  osceann  na  Piocuicb,  agus  rinn  cumb- 
"  acbd  teagasg  an  duine  naoimb  agus 
"  buaidb  eseamplair,  an  cinneacb  sin 
"  iompacbadb  a  chum  a  cbreidimb." 

Bba  Colum  Cille  a  tbaobb  a  pbearsa, 
a  cbumbacbd  inntinn,  agus  ionnsachadh 
ro  flireagarracb  airson  an  obair  mhor 
agus  iongantacb  a  tbugadb  dha  ri 
dbeanamb — 

"Is  fior,  nach  faigh  am  focal  buaidh 
A  dh'  aiudeoin  achd  an  te'id  a  luuidh 
A  dh'  easbhuidh  cumhachd  Dlie  nau  shiagh, 
A  bbi,  's  an  nair'  'g  a  chuideachadh. 

Ach  far  'n  do  chuir  e  roimhe  fein, 
A  bhi  le  'shoisgeul  deanamh  leum, 
'N  sin  bheir  e  deasachadh  is  gleus, 
Do  'n,  Inneal  reir  na  h-oibre  sin." 

Bba  e  ard,  tlacbdmbor  na  pbearsa,  a 
fibuil  ro  bbeothail,  agus  a  ghutb  cumh- 
acbdacb  gidbeadb  binn.  'Nuair  bbith- 
eadb  e  seinn  nan  Salm  cbluinnte 
mile  air  astar  e.  Bba  c  air  mbodh 
cborporra  treun  agus  fogbainteacb,  air 
alt  's  gu'm  burrain  e  moran  saotbair 


24 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


agus  allaban  a  glnulan.  Ge  d'  blia  e 
duiueal  neo-sgàthach  agus  smaclulail, 
bha  e  Ian  do  shuiiiplidheacbd,  dilseachd 
agus  caomhalacLd.  Nuair  a  blia 
na  tiodhlacaidh  nadurra  so,  air  am 
niaiseacliadh  le  gràs  agus  e  air  uidh- 
eamachadli  le  ''  uUuchadh  soisgeil  na 
BÌthe,"  bha  buaidh  sliònruichte  aig 
"  claidlieamli  an  spioraid"  na  laiinb. 

(Gik  bhi  air  a  leantuinn.)  A.  0. 


EIGH  0  CIIREin-EILEACHAIDH:* 
(O'N  BIIEUELA). 
Thir  nam  Beauu,  nan  Gleann,  's  nan  Coire, 

Nan  srutli  cas,  's  nan  tuiltean  mòr', 
Leinn  cha  d'  shaoil  gu'm  faiot'  an  caramlis' 
Air  do  fhridliean  àrd'  r'ar  beò. 

Feucli  a  nis  tlia  feachd  a's  treine 

Na  feachd  Chromucill  nan  genr-lann — 

"S  colgarra  na  feachd  Dhiiic  Uillcini 
'Teachd  mar  thuil  air  Tir  nam  beann  ! 

"rtasdadh  Thatha,  'casgadh  Theamhuill, 
'Snaidheadh  sio-  le  buillean  dian 

Glacan  beithe  Coille-Uhragaidh, 
'Magadh  air  an  cliù  o  cLian  ! 

Ainmcan  caomh' !  Ach  dh'  fhalbh  an  druidh- 
eachd  ! 

Cluinn  'g  an  èigheach  gill'  an  Ròid, 
Blàr-an-Adholl!   Uail-an-Spideil  ! 

Eeuch  Dail-Ghuinnidh  !  Agaidh-mhòr  ! 

Gairidh  druidt'  le  tòrr  'us  daingnich, 
Sti'ud  sinn  suas  'n  ar  deann  r'a  taobh, 

'Fuadachadh  a  chaoidh  o  'lochan 
Codal  tosdach  nan  linn  aoad'. 

Bàideanach  nan  gaillinn  fiadhaich, 
Anus  an  lionmhor  liath-chlach  nihòr, 

'S  carragh-cuiinhne  bhlàran  fuilteach — 
Uaigneach  cha  bhi  'cnuic  ni's  md. 

Ghluai3  sinn  tosdaehd  chian  nan  àrd.bheann, 
'Steudadh  slos  an  gleunn  le  gaoir. 

Air  Srath-Spe  'us  Ratainhurchuis — 
Frldhean  àrd'  nan  giuthas  aosd'. 

'Mhuc  's  an  Torct  theich  as  'n  an  deann-ruith ! 

Beinn  ri  beinu  gvi  teann  a'  stri  ! 
8g«>rr,  'us  creag,  'us  sliabh  a'  ruidhleadh— 

'S  gann  a  "sheas  Greag-Eileachaèdh  I'J 

•  En^Ueh  hy  Principal  Sfiaiup,  St.  Aiidrewi. 

t  Sow  of  AtUoU  and  lioar  of  Baiienooh,  tvro  con- 
♦igxious  mountains,  the  one  on  tlie  Athull  side,  and 
the  othar  on  the  liadenoch  side  of  the  hill  of  Drutm- 
machdair. 

t  "Stand  tut  Craigellacho,"  1«  the  war-cry  of  the 
Clau  Qraat. 


'S  a'  Ghlcann-niliòr,  'n  Gleann-Feiscidh  uaig- 
neach, 

Suas  air  fad  an  cluainleaii  glas', 
Cluinnear  sgal  an  fheadain  bhuaireaut', 

'S  àirde  fuaiin  mi  'n  easan  cas'. 

Carbaid  iaruinn  ged  is  neònach, 

'S  neòiiaiche  an  luchd  do  shluagh — 

Sràidean  Lunnuinn  air  an  taomadh 
Mach  air  raointean  an  Taoibh-Txiath  ! 

Sas'naich,  Frangaich,  spailp,  's  luchd-turuis, 

Ann  an  uidhcam  do  gach  H  ! 
Brigis  fliarsuinn,  pCcan  leathrach, 

Brògan  I'ainn'reach,  's  osain  shiod'  ! 

'S  anns  's  gach  uinneig  carbaid,  maighdeau 
'G  ràdh,  's  i  'sealltuinn  suas  gu  dian  : 

"  'S  ainmean  m-dnach  Garn-an-t-sabhail, 
Beinn-mac-duibhe,||  's  am  Braigh'-ria'ch  !" 

'S  beag  an  sgoinns'  do'n  bholtrach  chùbhraidh 

'Dh'  èireas  iir  o  lus  's  o  chrann, 
'S  uillt  a'  ruith  feadh  ghleann  gu  fuaimneach, 

'S  tosdaehd  shòluiut'  bhuau  nam  beann  ! 

'S  coma  leò-san  Loch-an-eilein, 
Loch-nan-dorb,  's  a  dhaingneach  liath, 

'N  Cuimeanach  'us  'euchdan  gabbaidh, 
'S  Faol-chu  Bhiiideanaich  o  chian. 

0  Ghùirn-ghuirni !  'us  thus',  Bhràigh'-riabh- 
aich  ! 

Tilgibh  sios  mu  'r  creagan  neòil. 
Chum  nach  dt-an  na  daormuinn  'thruagha 

Tarcuis  air  'ur  cvuachan  mòr'. 

'Dian-ruith  seach !  Cluinneadh  Cuil-fhodair, 
'N   ait'   gairm-chogaidh  Threubh,  an 
fhuaims'  ; 
Criolhnaicheadh  gach    coill'    mu'n    Mhan'- 
chuinn — 
Dhruim,  mu'n  iadh  gach  àille,  gluais-s'  f 

'Sior-dhol  tuath,  a  chaoidh  cha  srianar 
Na  h-eich  iaruinn  'n  an  steud  dheirg, 

Gus  am  bddhrar  le  an  srannail 
Creagan  geala  Rudh'  na-Feirg'. 

'N  fheudar  buileach  do  na  Gaidheil 
Triad  o  'n  ar  jis  'measg  nan  gleann  ? 

'Chuid  's  a  chuid  an  saltair  Sasnaicli 
Tur  fo'n  casan  llr  nam  beann  f 

Fineachan  a  chean*  air  dlbreadh, 

Ceòl  na  piob'  'dol  as  gu  luath  ; 
'M  bàsaich  tur  ts.  Tir  nan  àrd-bheanu 

Gàidhlig  àdhmhor  aosd'  nam  buadh  f 

"  'S  coma,',  'deir  thu,  "ged  a  rachadh 
Na  aeann  chleachdaidhean  air  chùl, 


II  Beinn-Mhic-Duibbo  (Ben-Maoduff) ;    or,    Belu- 
muic-duibbe  (the  mountain  of  the  blaok  sow). 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


25 


Bheir  an  Triath  gu  buil  tre  'n  sgrios-san 
Criochan  ris  maeli  'eil  do  dhùil !" 

Feudaidh  sin  'bhi  ;  acli  'n  toir  Innleachd, 

Le  a  h-ealdhain  mhin  's  a  snas, 
Treuij-laoich  cholgaiTa  nan  ard-bhennn. 

No  'n  seann  cliàirdeas  ris  air  ais  ! 

Ni  h-eadli ;  acb  ge  mor  am  buannachd 
Far  an  tig  an  cruaidh-gliaoir  ghrannd', 

Dli'  flialbh  gu  tiir  a'  bliuaidli  's  an  druidh- 
eaclid, 
'S  chabhi  'Gliàidli'ltaclid  chaoidh  marbha  ! 

Acli  tha  fathast  glacan  bruachach 
'Dhiiisgeas  annam  smuaintean  àrd', 

'S  giinn  gun  Jiireamh  nacb  do  thruailleadli, 
'S  iomadh  dithreabh  uamhalt,  fhàs  ; 

loinadli  allt  an  coirean  uaigneach, 
0  slieann  fhuarain  'g  eiridh  suas, 

'Taoniadli  'n  linnean  dorcli'  an  uisge, 
"S  caorann  ruiteacb  air  gach  bruaich  ; 

Iomadh  loch,  le  creagan  cnairticbt', 

'Tiihili  gun  bhruaihean  'mcasg  nam  beann, 

Air  nach  d'  thàinig  slighe  duine, 
No  fear-turuis  fathast  teann ; 

Iomadh  sgòrr,  mar  iolair  mhara, 

Suas  fa  chomhair  laidhe  grein', 
Geal-cheannach  le  stùchdan  cruachach, 

'Beachdach'  'chuain  's  nan  Eilean  cèin. 

Fùilnicheadh  iad  sin,  'us  tlieid  mi 
Gu  creig  eigiii  'measg  nan  stuadh, 

'Mhealtuinn  saorsa,  gus  an  ci-ochar 
Drochaidean  os-ceaun  a'  chuain  ! 

Ead.  lf-  a.  C. 


DUN  BHRUSGRiGH  AGUS  IAIN 

Blia  so  air  a  chur  r'a  cheile  'nuair  a 
blia  'n  t-iighdar  na  oganach  beag,  air 
da  Ghaidealachd  fhagail  agus  dol  a 
dh'fhuireach  do  bliaile  mor  Dhùneidin. 
Dà  bhliadhna  roiuibe  so  chaill  uach- 
daran  Ila  an  oighreachd.  Bha  'n 
■(>uasal  so  ro  cbaoimbneil  ris  an  tuath 
agus  bha  dulichinn  nibor  orra  'nuair  a 
bbrist  e.  Bba  oighreachd  air  a  cur  fo 
•  cheileadair  ris  an  abradh  iad  Brown, 
agus  maille  ris  bha  seambarlair  ris  an 
abradh  iad  Webster.  Bha  maoir  aca 
so  deas  aig  an  laimh  ris  an  abradh  iad 
"  am  Boc,"  mar  fhar  ainm,  agus  thei- 
readh  iad  "  a  Chaora  "  ris  an  fhear  eile. 


Bha  'n  tuath  air  an  cur  thuige  gu  mor, 
le  riaghladh  nan  daoine  so,  dh'  fhag 
cuid  Qihòr  dhiu  an  tir,  's  chaidh  na 
fearuinn  aca  chur  fo  chaorich  's  crodh. 
S'  ann  le  cridheachan  goirt  a  dh'  fhag 
cuid  dhiu  an  dachaidhean,  's  a  chuir- 
eadh  air  falbh-cuid  eile  dhiu  as  na 
h-aiteachean  ud  far  an  d'  ruga.dh  's 
an  do  thogadh  iad,  far  an  do  chaith 
an  athraichean  'us  an  sean-athraichean 
an  laithean  gu  toilichte.  'S  iomad  aite 
dhuiling  mar  so  anns  a  Ghaidheltachd, 
agus  b'ann  diu  gleann  Chatadal  far  an 
robh  air  an  am  so  da  bhaile  dheug 
fearuinn  's  moran  tuath  agus  gillean 
treun  a  bha  ghnath  ullamh  gu  coir  na 
dùthcha  agus  na  Ban-Righ  asheasamh. 
Bha  iad  mar  gu  'm  b'ann  air  an 
iomain  air  falbh  agus  treudan  mor 
chaorach  agus  chr^^idh  air  an  iomain 
n'an  aite,  agus  cha  bu  bheag  sgeig  na 
muiuntir  ud  'nuair  a  bha  so  air  a 
dheanamh  leo,  gun  smaointean  idir  aca 
gu  faod  an  latha  tighinn  'nuair  a 
bhitheas  gairm  air  a  dheanamh  a 
measg  nan  gleann  air  son  dion  na 
rioghachd,  ach  cha'n  fhaigh  iad  do 
fhreagairt  ach  meilich  nan  caorach 
agus  geimnich  a  chruidh,  a  bhithis  ag 
ionaltradh  a  measag  nan  lathrichean 
fasa,  far  'm  bheil  dreasdan  's  feandagan 
a  comharachadh  a  mach  far  am  b'abh- 
aist  an  teintean  a  bhi. 

ARS  IAIN. 

"A  DhuÌQ  Bhrusgrigh  nan  cas  chreag, 
Ged  bha  mi  tacan  air  falbh  uat  ; 
Thainig  smaointean  lb  m'  aigne 
Gu  tighinn  a  shealltuinn  do  ghorm-bhrat, 
'S  gun  gabhainn  sealladh  o  'd  chuirnan, 
Air  gleannan  cubraidh  nan  tolman, 
Far  an  d'f  huair  thu  do  k'aba, 
'S  Leac-an-darraich  na  colbh  dhi, 
'S  cha'n  'eil  i  lag. 

"  'S  iomadh  linn  chuir  thu  tharad. 
Is  garbh  'char  chuir  an  gniomh  ort, 
Cha'n  e  sin  tha  fui  m'  achuing 
Ach  pairt  de  dh'eachdniidh  na  linn  so. 
Innis  dhomh  mu  m'  Inchd  duthcha 
Ciod  an  curs'  an  do  thriall  iad, 
Cha'n  'eil  a  h-aon  dhiu  ri  f  haicinn 
Ris  a'  leiginn  mo  bhriathran 

Ged  bhithinn  lag. 


26 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


"  Tlia  iiii  faicinn  nam  bailtoan 
'S  an  trie  robh  aighear  's  toilinntiim, 
Na'n  lathi-aiiiliL'au  farsiiinu 
Gun  fasgadh  na  dion  amid. 
'N  aite  gleadhraicli  nan  cairdean 
Nan  seisreach  's  nan  eliathan, 
Anns  an  canach  cha'n  f  liaic  mi 
Acli  cihciir  's  niadadh  r"a  chliathaich 
'N  sa  h-iiile  snith. 

"  Tha  na  h-innisean  maiseacli 
'S  an  trie  a  thaghail  mi  'm  oige, 
Na  lagain  tha  fasgach 
Le  fuarainn  's  biolair  nm  'm  poran. 
Gaeli  gleann,  gauh  ciioc,  's  glacag 
Gacli  srath  agus  mointeach, 
Tha  iad  uile  mar  b'abhaist, 
Acli  c'ait'  'eil  na  cairdean  's  na  h-eolaich 
A  chai'  chur  as." 

ARS  AN  DUX. 

"  Ma  's  e  Gall  a  tha  Jabhairt 
Gabh  mo  chomhairle  trathail, 
Cuir  car  anna  cl'  chasuig 
'S  thoir  ort  sios  chois  na  traghadh. 
Ged  tha  sibh  laidir  'san  tir  so 
'S  air  'ur  lionadh  le  ardan, 
Cha  dean  sibh  amadan  dhiomsa 
Le  cur  a  sios  air  na  Gaidheail 

Nach  d'riiin  dhuibhcron." 

IAIN. 

"A  Dlniiu'  aosda  nnn  glas-chreag 

'Se  a  til 'an  nam  lior  Ghaidheal, 

A  dh'f  hag  an  tir  so  car  tamuil 

'Stha  measg  nan  Gallaihh  a  chomnnaidh. 

Thug  mi  'n  sgriob  so  dh'amhan; 

Gun  faiiaid  no  morchuis, 

Dh'f  hcnch  am  faighinn  nat  sgeula 

Mu  gaeh  eucoir  's  dolum 

Air  Ila  ))honlid." 

AN  DUN. 

"S  iomadh  aon  thig  am  amhan;' 

A  bliios  ri  fanaid  's  ri  morchuis, 

Ach  's  iad  na  Goill  tlia  mi  'gradhtinu 

Oir  tha  iad  laidir  'san  doigh  so. 

Le  'n  ada'  spairtc  mu'n  cluasan, 

'S  dreach  an  f  huaehd  air  an  srointean, 

Cha'n  f  haic  's  cha'n  fhin  leo  a  Ghaeltachd 

Ged  chuir  i  loinn  air  na  sgrobain' 

,  ;<  '  Fhuair  innte  bias. 

"Ach  tha  mi  tuigsinn  od'  chanain 

Gur  aim  .sa  ghleatin  fhuair  thu  d'  fhol'um, 

Ged  tha  thu  giulan  na  h-ada' 

Si  bhonaid  chochle  bu  choir  dhuit. 

Bha  do  chairdcan  gu  socair 

Anii.s  a  ghleannan  'n  an  comhnuidh, 

Ach  tri(l  nan  triochdnn  aig  "Webster 

A  port-a.'i-Marg  gun  d'  .sheol  iad 

A  null  do'n  lloss. 


"Tha  moral!  thua'nach  'san  am  so 
Anns  a  ghleann  ciir  an  ordubh' 
Dhol  thar  na  h-Atlantic 
Chum  gun  seachain  iad  foirneart  ; 
Chionn  tha  Brown  agus  "Webster 
Mar  mhadaidh-alluidli  gun  trocair, 
A  cur  thuige  nan  truaghani 
'8a  toirt  uatha  gucli  iiorliiin 

A  gheibh  iad  ac'. 

"  'Sann  leam  is  duilich  r'a  aithris 
Gu  bhril  na  nathsinnich  dhileas 
Air  an  cur  as  na  fearain 
Le  aiiineart  's  dimeas. 
Na  Goill  a  faotuinn  an  uachdar, 
Ga'n  ruagadh  's  ga'n  diobairt, 
Anns  gach  baile  cha  chluiun  mi 
Ach  falbh  thar  tuinn  gus  an  tir  sin 
A  tha  ro  mhath. 

"  Tha  cuid  dhiu  fagail  na  duthcha, 
'S  cuid  dhiu  sgnuladh  na  inaltan, 
Cuid  gun  f  hios  ciod  a  ni  iad, 
A  trusadh  bidh  do  na  paisdenn. 
Gach  maor  a  faotuinn  Ian  chosnadh, 
Gach  Boc  *s  gach  Caora, 
Mar  choin  air  eil  's  iad  ri  sodan 
A  chum  bhi  'm  broilleach  gaeh  Gaidheal 
O'n  tha  iadbochd. 

"O'n  dh'fhailnich  ceanard  an  Eilain 
Tha  11a  sgeith  as  a  cuid  Ghael, 
'S  cha'n  'eil  aogasg  an  gradaig 
Gun  d'theid  stad  air  an  ni  so. 
Ach  gabh  mo  lei.sgeul  car  tamuil 
Oir  tha  mi'n  cabhaig  an  trath-so, 
'Nuair  thig  thu  rithist  an  rathad, 
Bidh  agaiu  uaigheachd  is  fearr  dhuit, 

'S  mo  bheannachd  leat." 
(Ra   Ihccmtuinii.) 


ORAN,  AIR  FOGRADH  NAN  GAIDHEAL. 

AIR  FONN— "  Tlia  mi.se  fo  mhulad  's  an  a7n." 
'S  floi  airidl)  air  beannaehd  nam  Bard, 

Deagh  Chomnnn*  nan  armunn  fial, 
A  bheothaich  p:aoh  eleachdaiih  'us  giiàtbs 

A  bha  ais  na  Gùidbeal  namh 
O'n  's  toileacb  leo  f  haicinn  'an  diXn, 

Mar  S5;apndb  '.^gacb  veArn  an  siol, 
Niormbpal  mi  idir  mo  shiilint, 

Mur  cuir  mi  gun  dilil  e  'sios. 

Na  Gilidlieal  blia  ainmoil  'ssach  linn, 

Gu  seasamh  an  righ  's  a  cboir, 
'Strie  dliearbb  iad  le  'n  armailib  's  an  stri, 

Nacb  faigbte  fo  cbls  an  seors', 
'NiVm  ("'iiidb  'n  an  cideadb  e;u  grinn, 

Le  toniian  nam  piol)  fo  sbrol, 
'Siad  thilleadh  mar  bhuinne 'na  still, 

Na  thigeadh  le  spid  'n  an  coir. 

Na  beatbraicbean  sgniteacb  'an  streup, 
A  choisneadb  le  'n  euebdan  buaidh, 

An  caismeachd  mar  tborrunn  o'n  speur, 
'Nàm  tarruingnan  geurlann  cruaidh, 


•The  Edinburgh  HjghJaud  Society. 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


27 


Oum  b'aigeantach,  sgairteil  an  ceum, 

A  leantiiinn  'an  dfiigh  na  ruaig, 
'S  'n  uair  philleadh  iad,  'gaithris  an  Bgeul, 

B'e  'm  fasan  'bhi  6ibhinn,  suairc. 

R<5ir  naduir  's  e  thainig  m'  ancuairt, 

Gu-n  thaisgeadli  's  an  uaigh  na  suinn, 
'S  cha-n  f  halcear,  an  sliochd  far  'm  bu  dual, 

Achainneamh  'raeasg  sluaigh  theid  cruinn, 
'S  ann  lionadh  a'  fearann  a  suas, 

Le  coigrich  gun  triias,  gun  suim, 
'S  guraiinsa  leomSilich  nan  uan, 

Na  caithreani  o  thuath  an  f  huinn. 

Ghluais  acald  roghulneach  a'  m'  chri, 

'S  gu-n  d'f  halbh  uam  mo  chli,  's  moshunnd 
Bi  deachdadh  na  's  f  hiosrach  rai  f  bin, 

Mu  tharruing  na  sgriobbha  ciùirt', 
Sliochd  ghaisf;  each  le  achdalbh  'g  am  binn', 

'Curaitreabh  m'  an  ciun  'n  an  smùr, 
'Sgan  cartaiiha  mach  as  an  tir, 

Gun  chairid,  gun  nl,  gun  iùl. 

Bu  tnirseach  a  muigh  air  a'  raon, 

A  chunnaic  m.i  'n  aols  's  an  oig, 
'Us  gèiread  an  aeain  's  an  gaoir, 

Cha-n  f  haigh  mi  o  m'  Kmaoin  ri  m'  bheo, 
Gun  dachaidh,  gun  f  hasgadh  o  ghaoith, 

Ach  tional  'an  tnobh  nam  frog, 
Gu'm  b'èiginn  bhi  gabtiail  mu  Kganll, 

'S  a'  fagail  nan  caol  fo  slieol. 

A's  furasd'  a  thuigsinn,  's  gur  cinnt, 

Na  th'  agam  rilnns'  'nam  sgeul, 
■Gur  lionmhor  trioblaid  'us  teinn, 

A  ehoinuich  riu  'n  tiribh  c6in  ; 
Ged  b'f  heudar  dhoibhdealach'ri  'n  glinn, 

Tha  pAirtdheth  an  cri  'na  'n  dSigh, 
8  ged  chàrnadh  iad  airgiod  'n  a  mhill, 

Cha  leighis  e  mir  dheth  'n  creuchd. 

O'n  thrèig  iad  gach  fireach  'us  gleann, 

Cha-n  fhaicear  ach  Gall  's  gach  cuil, 
'Am  fochair  a  chaoraichgu  tranng, 

'Se'cleachdadh  achainiit  r'achù, 
Le  'bhreacan  air  f  hilleadh  m'  acheann, 

'Us  caogad  car  cam  'n  a  run, 
'S  gur  fnearr  leis  an  t-anam  achall, 

Na  ribeag  bhi  gann  a  rùsg. 

O'n  dh'imich  na  gaisgich  thar  chuan, 

Cha-n  C'lsdear  leinn  duan  noceol, 
Cha  chluinnear  caomh  chailin  gusuairc, 

Ri  luinneag  aig  buar  mu  chro, 
Cha-n  fhaicear  naflfiasgaich  budual, 

A  siubhal  gu  ruag  flr  chroc, 
Am  beagan  dhiubh  sud  nach  do  ghluais, 

'S  e  th'orra  'n  diugh  tuar  a  bhroin. 

Gu-n  d'f  hSgadh  Mac-talla  fophràmh. 

'S  gach  ionad  'n  robh  àbhaistriamh, 
'S  ann  tha  e  air  leabaidh  ri  has, 

A  cumha  nan  sàr  f  hear  flal, 
A  chumiidh  e  'n  cleachdadh  gach  lA, 

'S  do  'n  tug  e  a  ghràdh  's  a  mhiadh, 
Cha-;i  f  hill  leis  an  dre.im  tlia  'n  an  ait, 

'S  nach  toir  e  A  'u  cànran  ciall. 

Ged  shiubhlainn  o  Ghearr-loch  an  f  heoir, 

Gu  'n  ruiginn  an  t-Oban  ciar, 
Cha-n  fhaicinn  Ceann-taighe  air  fhod, 

Adh-fhuhicha  phor  nan  Triath, 
'An  àite  nan  leomhann  'bha  coir, 

'S  eth'  ann  an  diugh  seorsa  flat, 
Air  sen  drochairt  'us  airgiod  'n  a  spoig, 

A  thilgeas  à  coir  a'  siad. 

JB'e  fasan 'us  aiteas  nan  Triath, 
'Bha  barraicht'  'am  miadh  's  am  mùim, 


'Bhi  fuileachdach,  calgach,  'nan  triall, 
A'  leantuinn  nam  fiadh  's  an  stùc, 

'Bhi  sachd'adh  an  gilleanle  iasg, 
'S  toirt  bhradan  air  fiar  gu  dlùth, 

'Bhi  oranach,  cornach,  gle  f  hial. 
'Nam  tionailnan  clear  gu  'n  Duln, 

'S  na  'm  b'f  heudar  dhoibh  tachatrt  's  an  àr, 

Cha  ghabhadh  iad  sgatli  no  gruaim, 
Bha  flr  ac  a  sheasadh  an  càs, 

'S  arachadh  'n  am  pàirt  le  h-uaill, 
Na  railidhean  colgarra,  dàn', 

'A  ruigeadh  le  'n  stràchdan  smuais, 
S  a  ghleidheadhan  reachdan  o  thàir, 

Le  iomairt  nan  stàilinn  fuar. 


Ach  's  mithich'bhi  crioehn'adh  mo  dhain, 

Le  focal  no  dhà  'chur  sios ; — 
Moshoraidh  le  dùrachd  mo  ghrAidh, 

A  dh-ionnsaidh  gach  Gaidheal  fior, 
'S  e  m'  aiteas  gum  bi  iad  fas, 

'An  urram,  's  'an  sta  gach  ial, 
'S  gu-n  tionail  iad  fathas*  gu  'n  ait, 

'S  gu  sgapar  a'  chàth  roimh  'n  t-siol. 

LOCH-AILLSB. 


CAITHREAM  DO  RIGH  TEARLACH  II. 
(0'  Bheurla  an  RiDiiiE  Scott). 

FoNN.— •'  Dean  cadal  gu  sàmJiaeh, 
A  chuilcan  's  a  ruin. " 
Nail  a'  chuacli — corn  nam  buadh, 

Lian  a  suas  i  dèur-làn  ; 
SlMnt'  an  Elgh  a's  ro-ionmhuinn, 

'S  a  luchd-leanmhuinu  's  gach  Jiit'  ; 
Air  ur  bonnaibli,   a  gliaisgeach' — 

Air  ur  n-ais  sibh,   a  ghràiag ! 
Ged  robh  'm  bàs  anns  an  smèarsadh — 

Slàinte  Thèarlaich-a-Dhà ! 

Tha  e  'n  cunnart  's  air  fògradh, 

'S  e  gun  chomhnadh,   's  fo  thuinn  ; 
Ged  is  coigrich  a  's  ùidh  dha. 

Fad  bho  'dhùthchas  gun  suim  ; 
Dh'  aindeoin  teanntachd  us  chisean — 

Ged  's  fos  n-iseal  ri  'riidh — 
Siod  air  onair  's  air  dlUseachd 

Sliint  an  Rlgh,  fear  mo  gràidh  ! 

Biodh  gach  urram  iar  'iocadh 

Mar  a  dhiolas  an  t-àm  ; 
Air  an  l;\r  biodh  an  gUin, 

Air  lainn,  le  dùrachd,   an  làmh  ; 
'S  thig  mu'n  cuairt  an  la  siigach, 

An  còisir  Dhiùc,   larla  's  Shàr, 
An  seinn  an  trompaid  le  stèarsadh  : 

Slàinte  Thèarlaich-a-Dhi\. 


"  Tha 'bhriogais  so  tuille  's  goirid  air 
mo  slionsa, "  ars'  fear  a  f huair  briogais  o 
thàilleir  Eirionnach.  "Ciod  an  sgil  a 
th'agadsa  air  briogais,  amandain  ?"  arsa'n 
t-Eironnach .  ' '  Cha'n  eil  a  bhriogais  tuile 
's  goirid  ann  a  chuir  tliusa  do  spogan 
grànnda  chas  tuile  's  fada  troimhpe." 


28 


AN  GATDHEAL. 


CANADA. 
Tha  'm  barr  aj^us  cuisean  eile 
air  tionndadh  a  mach  to  f  habhar- 
ach  a  tbaobh  Chanadabho  cheann 
fhadn.    agus  gu    h-araidh    air   a 
bhliadhna  so,  agus  da    leir     tha 
sith.  sonas  agns  pailteas  ri  fbaic- 
inii  's  gach  aite,  's  ri  aithneachadh 
air  irach    gimis;    agus  gu  cinnt- 
each    cha^'ii   io^hnadh    sin,    oir 
tha  'ii  duthaich  air  a  beaniiachadh 
leis    au    Fhreasdal     air    iomadh 
doigh :  cha  'n  eil  cogadh,  plaigh 
110  gainne  a  cur  dragh  oirre,  mar 
a  tha  air  iomadh  cearna  eile  de  'n 
domhaiiin.     TJime  sin    faodaidh 
sinii  a  radh  le  firinn,  agus  aim  am 
beagan   fhacal,  gum  bheil  Can- 
ada'^aig  a  cheart  am  so,  cho  sona 
a^-us  riaraichte  le  crannchur,  agus 
c^o  saor  bho  gach  euslaint  agas 
amhghar,    ri  aon    cheariia  de  'n 
t-saoghal.  Le  Canada  innsidh  sinn 
a  rithisd  gu  'm  bheil  sinn  a  ciall- 
achadh  na  sia  mor-roinnean  sin  : 
Canada  Ard  agus  losal,  (no  mar 
a  theirear  riutha  a  nise,  Ontario 
agus    Cuibec)    New    Brunswick, 
Nova  Scotia,  Manitoba,  (Duthaich 
na  h-Airahne  Deirgi  agus  British 
Columbia,-oir  tha  British  Colum- 
bia a  nis    air  aonadh  ri  Canada. 
Tha  so  a  cur  Chanada  a  thaobh 
farsuingeachd  fearuinn,  a  measg 
nan  du.thchanan  a's  motha,  's  as 
farsuing  's  an   t-saoghal— moran 
na  's  motha  na  Staidean  America 
f  hein,  ge  ainmeil  iad,  agus  mu  'n 
cuairt  air  an  aon  mheud  ris  an 
Roinn-Eorpa  gu  leir;  agus  cha  'n 
'eil  a  nise  a  dhith  oirre   ach  an 
luchd-aiteachaidh  airson  a  cur  a 
measg  nan  duthchanan  's  cuma- 
chdaich  's  a's  beartaiche.     Tha 
de  dh'fhearann  fas  cadar  na  mor- 
roinn  so,  ni  nach  teirig  ann  an 
aireamh  mor  bhliadhnachan,  agus 
fearann  cho  math  agus  cho  torach, 
's  a  tha  ri  I'haighinn  an  aite  's  am 
bith,  agus  cho  fallainn  n  aon  chear- 
na  de  'n  t-saoghal. 


Cha  d'  rinn  uachdranachd  Chan- 
ada a  bheag  bho  cheann  fhada, 
o-u  luchd  iomruich   a  chuireadh 
a^rns  a  stiuireadh  do'n  duthaich  so, 
ach  tha  iad  a  nise  air  beothachadh 
thun  na  cuis,  agus  a  toirt  gach 
misneach    a    ghabhas    deanamh, 
do    dhaoine  stuama,   dichioUach 
o-u  dachaidh  a  dheanamh  dhoibh 
'?hein  's   an  duthaich  fharsuing, 
sheasgair  so.     Tha  moran  de  dh 
ihearann    aig    New  Brunswick, 
Canada    Ard    agus    losal,     agus 
duthaich  na  h-Aimhne  Deirg,  air 
a    chur  air  leith   mar    fhearann 
saor,  air  son  luchd  iomraich  agus 
gach  misneach'   a^us  comhnadh 
a  ghabhas  deanamh,  aca  ga  thoirt 
dhaibh  gu  tighinn  ga  aiteach.    ^ 

Anns  an  aireamh  mu  dheir- 
eadh,  thug  sinn  beagan  seachad 
mu  'n  chuis  so,  bho  Chuatrteir 
nan  Glennn,  a  bha  air  a  chur  mach 
bho  cheann  deich  bliana  thar 
fhichead,  le  fior  charaid  nan 
Gaidheal,  an  Dr.  Macleoid,  nach 
maireann.  Co-dhuinidh  smn  so  le 
bhi  tarruing  bho  'n  aon  cheudna, 
mu  Chanada  agus  an  t-sluagh  s 
freagarraiche  air  son  tighinn  ann, 
agus  tha  sinn  a  cur  ar  Ian  aoiita 
ri^  gach  facal  deth.  Gheibhear 
na  leanas  ann  an  Cuairteir  nan 
Gleann,  1841 : 

Cha  'n  eil  Canada  fbathasd  acli  'na 
h-6ige,  ach  tha  i'  g  eiridh  gu  hiath  aim 
an  luach  agus  ami  an  cumhachd,  agus. 
iru  dearbh  cha  'n  iongantach  so,  oir  tha 
ioniad  ni  a'  co'  aontachadh  chum  soirbh- 
eachadh  leis  an  duthaich  mhòir  so  iha 
i  air  iouia  doigh  air  a  beannachadh  le- 
freasdal  D^>  ;  agus  uair  no  uaireiginn. 
bidh  Canada  'na  duthaich  co  mor  s  cho 
cumhachdach  ri  Breatunn  feni.*  iha  n 
tir  80  anabharach  tarbhach,  agus  nam 
biodh  a'  choiU  air  a'  gearradh  agus  an  tir  • 
air  a  h-aiteachadh,  's  duilich  a  radh  cia 
lionmhor  an  sluagh  a  dh'  fhaodadh  tamh 
ann  le  cothrom,  agus  ann  am  pailteas. 
Cha  'n  eil  .slfeibhtean  arda  16m  neo-thoracli 
fo  chreagan  agus  fo  fhraoch  ann  mar  tti 
ann  au  Gàidhealtachd  Albainn,  nobog- 


•  Bha  0  an  BO  a  ciallachadh  Canada  Ard  iu.il.ain. 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


3» 


laichean  agus  mòintichean  farsuing  nach 
urr.iinnear  a  chur  gii  feum  mar  th'  ann 
an  Eiriim  ;  ach  faodar  an  dùthaich  nile 
chur  fo  bharr  agiig  fo  fheur  cosmhail  ri 
machraiche  na  Galldachd,  no  Shasunn. 
Am  bitheantas  tha'n  duthaich  còmhnard 
iosal,  agus  far  a'  blieil  beanntan,  nia 
dh'fhaodar  beanntan  a  radh  rhitha,  tha 
iad  fo  choille  gn  'm  mullaicheau. 

'Se  ni  a's  iongataich'  ann  an  Canada  na 
lochan  uisge  tha  ann  ;  a  thaobh  am  meud 
agus  an  doimhneachd,  tha  iad  a'  toirt 
barr  air  lochan-uiege  'n  t-saoghail  ;  tha 
gach  loch  dhiubh  mar  chuan  mòr.  Is 
mòr  'nar  beachd-ne  Loch-Odha,  Loch- 
Laoimunn,  Loch-Nia,  Loch-tatha 's  Loch- 
Fireann,  ach  cha  'n  fhearr  iad  na  biban 
beaga  'n  coimcas  ris  na  h^chan  famsing 
tha  Ban  diithaich  m'a  bheil  sinn  a'  labh- 
aii-t ;  cuid  diubli  mar  tha  LaktSuperior, 
tri  cheud  agiis  tri  tichead  mil'  air  fad, 
agus  seaclid  iichead  mil'  air  lend  1  Tha 
astar  chòig-cend-deug  mile'  ceithir  thim- 
chioll  an  loch-uisge  so,  agns  tha  daoine 
'deanamh  a  mach  gu  bheil  e  dhith  air 
mile  troidh  air  doimhneachd.  Tlia  tri 
no  ceithir  dhiubh  so  dliith  d'a  clièile  ; 
agns  a'  tearbadh  Chanada  uachdrach  o 
rìoghachd  America  the  air  an  taobh  eile. 
O  loch  gu  loch  dhiubh  so  tha  aibhuichean 
a'  ruith,  a'  meu dacha'  gu  mòr  mar  tha 
iad  a'  dol  air  an  aghaidh,  gus  a  bheil 
an  abhain  mh^r  d'  an  ainm  an  St.  Law- 
rence a  tòiaeachadh.  Tha  'u  abhainn  so 
dliith  do  cheud  rail'  air  lend  far  a'  bheil  i 
ruigheachd  a'  chuain.  Tha  da  mhile  do 
mhlltean  u'n  ait'  o'm  bheil  an  abhainn 
mhòr  so  ag  diridh,  'ioimsuidh  an  àite 
'bheil  i  'coinneachadh  na  fairge.  Tha 
eileanan  àillidh  luachmhor  air  na  lochau- 
uisge  so,  cuid  diubh  tri  Iichead  mile  air 
fad.  Tha  aon  ait'  air  an  abhainn  mhòir 
so  tha  air  ainmeachadh  "loch  nam  mile 
eilein";  chunndadh  iad,  agus  tha  soachd- 
ceud-deug  eilean  ann  an  aon  ruith  air  an 
abhain  so.  Tha  iad  do  gach  cumadh  agus 
meudachd,  fo  choille  dhreachmhoir,  agus 
uile  gu  loir  anabharach  aillidh  ri  amharc 
orra  's  ri  sedladh  'nam  nieasg.  Anns  na 
h-aiteacha  sin  far  a'  bheil  loch  a'  tuiteam 
a  stigh  do  loch  eile  mar  tha  iad  a'  tear- 
nadh  le  leathad  chum  a'  chuain,  tha 
sruthan  brasa,  agus  leumannan  iiisge 
nach  'eil  an  coimeas  ri  fhaicinn  anns  an 
t-saoghal  gu  loir. 

Tha  abhainn  mhor  eile  ris  an  abair  iad 
an  Ottoxea ;  an  dèigh  dhi  ruith  ceithir 
cheud  agus  leth-cheud  mile  troinih  thir 


cho  tarbhach  's  a  tha  r'a  faotainn,  agus 
troimh  choille  cho  dosrach  reachdmhor 
's  a  tha  'cinntinn  air'  thalamh,  a'  tuiteam 
a  stigh  do'n  abhain  St.  Lawrence.  x\nn3 
an  àite  far  a'  bheil  iad  a'  c^mhlachadh  a 
cheile,  tha  eileanan  luachmhor,  agus  'sann 
air  a  h-aon  diubh  sin  a  tha  'm  baile  mòr 
Montreal  air  a  thogail. 

Tha  e  soilleir  o  so  gu  bheil  air  na 
lochan-uisge  so  agus  air  na  h-aibhnichean 
so  slighe  fad  iichead  ceud  mile,  a'  ruith 
suas  o  iochdar  gu  braighe  na  duthcha, 
air  am  faodar  malairt  agus  m;irsantachd 
an  t-saoghail  a  ghiulan.  Anns  na  h-àite- 
achan  sin  far  a'  bheil  aon  hjch  a'  tuiteam 
a  stigh,  agus  lo  so  leum-uisg  ami  nach 
leig  lo  soitheach  dlreadh  no  learnadh,  tha 
claisean-nisge,  raiials,  air  un  deanamh, 
air  a'  blieil  na  soithicheaii  air  an  giulan 
air  an  aghaidh  gun  mhoille  no  grabadh 
air  bith  a'  tachairt.  Tha  fearann  na 
duthcha  so  tarbhacii,  's  tha  'n  duthaich 
fèin  fallain,  ged  tha  'n  t-sid  fuar.  Ach 
ged  tha  'n  t-si'd  fuar,  tha  i  tioram,  agus 
math-dh'  fhaoidte  nach  'eil  ceatharnaich 
a'  seasamh  air  bonn  bròige  cho  calma, 
churanda,  làidir  ri  Gàidheil  (■hanuda. 

Cha  'n  eil  por  a  chinneas  an  Sasunn 
nach  fas  san  duthaich  so  ;  tha  cuid  do 
thalamh  ann  's  an  cinn  an  tombac'  agus 
cainb.  Airson  coille  tha  i  'n  so  do  gach 
secjrsa  ;  'se  saothair  an  t-sluaigh  bhi  'ga 
gearradh  chum  a  sgrios,  agus  g'a  losgadh. 
Tha  'chraobh-ubhall  a'  fas  ann  an  Canada 
gu  reachdmhor  ;  tha  iad  a'  beathachadh 
mhuc  leis  na  h-ubhlan,  agfis  a'  deanamh 
na  thogras  iad  do  dh-fhi'on  (Cyder)  ilhoibh 
fèin  diubh,  deoch  tha  taintiieach  lionnar 
ri  teas  an  t-samhraidh.  Tha  'n  geam- 
bradh,  mar  chi  sinu  'na  dheigli  so,  ana- 
barrach  tìadhaich  agus  fuar  ;  ach  aon 
uair  'n  tig  an  reothadh  gu  math  a  stigh 
tha  'n  t-sfd  tioram  failaiu.  Tha  ^n 
aueachd  an  sin  cho  cruaidh  's  gu  'n  ruith 
eich  le  slaoid  agus  cuirn  air  'uachdar  'nan 
Ian  luathas  gun  uiread  a's  lorg  an  coiae 
fhagail.*  So  an  t'am  anàbhaist  doiba  am 
barr  a  chur  gu  muileann  's  gu  cladach,  am, 
chum  na  h-uile  goireas  fhaotainn  o  aite- 
achan  fad'  as  ;  tairngidh  aon  each  le  cam 
no  sload,  barrachd  air  an  ilm  so  na 
dheanadh  ceithir  dhiubh  air  an  rathad 
mhor  san  t-samhradh.  'Se  so  an  t-àin  a's 
cridhela  's  a's  aighearaich'  air  feadh  na 
bliadhna  ;  cairdean  a'  falbh  's  a'  tighinn, 

*  Bha  e  le  90  a  ciillachadh  ua  roidean,  far  aia  bi  an 
sncachda  air  a  stainpadh  cruaidh  le  coismheachd 
dheoine  agus  bheithicheau. 


30 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


BÙgradh  agus  suilbhoarrachd,  taghall  agiis 
ceilidh  eadar  bhailtean,  pailtcas  r'a  fhao- 
tainu's  r'a  slieachnadh,  agiistha'u  aoidh- 
eachd  agus  an  fliialaidlieachd  a's  cair- 
deala  dol  air  aghaidh.  Mur  'eil  aite-codail 
sna  tighean-comhnuidh  a  dh'  fhòghnas 
doibh  uile,  tha  ann  na  dh'  fhoghnas  do 
na  iiinathan,  agus  tha  "  leaba  mhòr  ua 
h-iiiridh"  ami  an  sabhal  fiodha  airson  nan 
daoine  ;  tha  ceòl  agus  dannsa,  orain  agns 
fieadha'jhas  cairdeil  a'  dt>l  air  aghaidh  ; 
agus  mar  so,  le  leughadh  agiis  seanachas, 
tha'n  oidhche  gheanihraidh  a'  dol  seachad. 

<Gk  hhiair  a  kitntuiunj 


NIAGARA. 

A  Thi  mlioir  a  cliiutlijiich  na  Duilean, 

'Sa  bhocriiiclian  Cruinne, 

Le  d'  ghairUean  curahachdach  neartmhor, 

Air    a     hhuuait; 

'S  gloirmlior  an  obair  a  rinn  thu, 

Niagra      ainmeil. 

An  l-Eas  luor  a  rinn  thu  chumadh, 

'S   an  t-soan    ainisir. 

'Sud  an  t-iias  ioghantach  loghmhor, 

Eas   mor    na   garraich, 

Eas  ciotranach  liaghlas  na  smiiidrich 

'S    na  biiirich  ghabhaidh  ; 

Eas  fnaimearra  lobhar  na  beucail 

A  leum  na  steallaibh 

Tharbhile'  nan  creagan  àosmhar, 

Na    chaoiribh    geala, 

Gu  sridagach,  sradagach,  sneachdgheal 

'S    a    dbreacli    soilleir; 

Atearnadli  'o  blnaigh  gu  iochdar, 

Le    dian     bhoile' ; 

Sruth  uaine  bri.->eadli  nia  muUach, 

'S  c  ruith  na  dheannaibh, 

Thar  bharraiJh  nanstocan  airda, 

Le  gaii'  nihaircann  ; 

Leslachdruich  ghailbheach  a'  tuiteam. 

An    slugan  domhainn, 

(Ju  linneathaibli  du-ghonn  doillear, 

A  goil  mar  ehoire. 

An  t-aigeal  ga  thionndadh  o'n  iochdar, 

Le    nor     i.jnneart, 

'San  gla.s  uisge  'bruclidadh  an  uaehdar, 

Le    luatbs     saiglid' ; 

An  linne  ga  shoistreadh  's  ga  maistreadh, 

Troimlie     cheile, 

'S  I  fosgladha  brolllich-dulbh, 

Ris     na     speuraibh. 

B'iogtantacii  an  soalladli  bhi  laicinn. 

Deataeli    liatli-ghlas, 

Ag   èirigli   anus   an    athar, 

Ri    lalha    griauacli; 

'Nnair  Khealladh  tu  fad  air  astar, 

Air  an    ioglmadh 

'8e  theireadh  tu  giir  bata-tolte, 

A  bli'  aim  le  smuidrioli  : 

Acli  'nii:iirtliigeadh  tu'mfagusda 

Ghal.hiil    biacbd    air, 

Throin-ftiliiK'hadli  an  cathadh  caolr-gheal 
'  Le  biMdiiaibh   dealt  tliu, 

'S  cliiDicadh  111    ana  bogha  frois 
'Le  dli:it  liMìhli  si,'iamha'ch, 

Ged  bliloilh  side  fhioram  shesgair, 

Anns  an    iurmailt. 

Am  rnln-ius_'('  a  tuiteam  mu'n  cuairtdhuit, 

Air      an      ailc;iii, 

'San  f  half  be  gn  h-urail  uaine, 

Mar    a    b'aill    leat; 

Nacraobhan  a  cinntlnn  dosrach, 

'S   lusan  ùr-ghorm, 

'A  fas  le  feartalbli  na  greine, 


Gu  reith  fo 'n  driuehd  ud. 

Na  liasan  a  tha  mu  d'thimchioll. 

(Jha'n  iarr   uisge, 

Chan  aithne  dhoihh  idir  tiormachd 

Ri     aimsir     lolsgleh. 

Cha  tuigear  leo  ciixl  a  "s  ciall  do 

Bhi    gun    fhliche, 

Ged  thean'icheadh  gach  aite  mun  cualrt  doibU 

Mar   chruas  cloiche. 

Tha  'n  t-athar  gun  ghoinue  gun  chaomhnadh 

A'  taomadh    feartan 

A  storas  do-thraoghadh  na  h-almhne 

Gu  saoibliir   beartach  ; 

Dh'f  hag  aghaidh  an  fhuinn  ud 

A  dh'oidli.he  's  a  latha 

Gu  h-urail  naine-f  heurach  aluinn, 

A'   fas  gu  falain, 

Nnair  theirneadh  tu  sios  do  'n  t-slugan 

Gu   oir     an   uisge. 

Bliodhradh  an  tormanaich  uamhaidh, 

Do  chli'.afan    buileach. 

NuMÌr  shoalladh  tu  'n  sin  mun  cuairtduit, 

Air    a'  cha^-siìruth 

Chuiieadh  e  do  oheann  'na  thuaineal, 

'8  tu    'nad    bhreislich ; 

Us  iiuair  thigeadli  tu  'm  fagus  do  'nf 

i^hlaide      lia-ghlais, 

Tha  'n  crochadli  ri  aghaidh  na  crelge, 

Bhiodh  geiltus  fiamh  oil, 

Nuair  bheideadh  a'i!:haoth  gu  laidlr 

'S  on  t-uisge  frasach' 

'Ga  chathaJh^u  fladhaich  a  d'  aodunn, 

Gach  taobh  g  an  teich  thu. 

Mar  latha  gailbheach  'san  f  haoilteach 

Le  gaoth  us  uisge, 

A  f  liliuchadli  am  prioba  na  sul  thu, 

'S  adhruigUeadh  tur  ort. 

Mar  osaig  o  inueal  seididh, 

I<'iilnieis    iaruinn, 

's  amhluidh  ghaotli  sgalanta  cliruaidh  ud, 

Thig  le  dian-neart, 

Eadar  a  charraig  agus  a  steall  a  tha 

Nuas   a'  tuiteam: 

An  comdach  a  tha  air  do  cheann 

'S  ganii    gu    fuirich; 

Shoileadh  tu  gun  d'eirich  doinionn 

Anns  an    iarmailt; 

Acli  trian  cliaii  uraiun  mi  aithris 

De  aach  ioghnadh, 

A  tha  ri  f  haicinn  air  an  Eas  ud. 

An  t-Eas  cliuiteacli; 

lUi  mhordhalacli  e  gun  teagamh  : 

Ma  tha  iongantas  air  an  t-saoghal 

'S  non  diubh  ea^an : 

Jfilltean   tunna  gach  mionaid 

A'  tuiteam    comhladh 

Thar  bliile  na  creige  do'n  linne, 

'Na  aon  mhor   sliruth, 

TIs  dluth  air  ochd  fichead  troidhean 

Anns  an  leum   ud, 

u  bnraigh  gu  iochdar  na  creige 

'Na  seasamh  direach; 

,S  a  chreag  ud  gu  h-ard  aig  a  mullach 

i\ir  chumadh  leith-cbrninn, 

Cosmhai!  ri  ciuidh  an  eicli  charbaid 

No   Icith   carcul; 

An  t-ui,sgi'  a  sptitiidli  'na  steallaibh 

A    mach    gu  I'ada; 

()  hhonn   na  creige  san  linne 

Fi'head    slat    uaip; 

('hUiinnoadh  tu  thoiman  seaclid    mile 

ll;iilh    air    astar: 

Mai  tliairri'cach  amis  na  speuraibli 

Ri    lieiieaich    neartmhor. 

'S  nuair  hliiodii  tu  'nad  sheasamh  laimh  ris 

H'anihluidli    tharlar, 

Us   mile    f'arli;)i(l   aircabsair 

N;in  doaiin   dol  s^acliad  :  ,    .^ 

(iu'n  crilluaiili  :iii  t-athar  mun  cuairtduit 

Lois    na     buillibh, 

Tha'n  t-ulsgetrom  a'  shior bhualadh 

Air    o'n    mhullach; 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


31 


Us  maoth-chrit.h  4ur  an  talamh  throm 

Fobhonn  do  cliasan; 

Mar  mhothaichear  latha  stoirmeil, 

Tigh  'ga  chrathadh; 

Acli  ged  bhiodti  mile  teang'  am  bheui. 

Chan    innsimn    uile 

Na  h-longantais  a  th'air  an  Y.afi  ikI, 

Mar    sin    sguiream. 

D.    B.   B. 


AN-  LON-DUBH. 
LE  EOGHAN  MACCOLLA. 
[Rinneadh  an  ilan  a  leanas  goiiiil  an  ueigh 
bàs  maighiiin  do  'n  d'thug  :im  bàrl  mòr-.speis, 
agus  air  bhi  dha  aon  latha  'coimhead  an  ionaid 
anns  an  trio  a  rhum  è  còmliail  rithe — badan 
coillt'  far  a  il'  fisd  e  I'i  lon-dubh  a'  hpuui  'nrau 
tiamhaidh  air  guag  am  fagus  do'n  àite  'y.iii  do 
thachair  dha  blii  'iia  shuidhe.] 

A  Lon-duibh,  a  Lon-diiibh,   0  giir  bn;ig  tha 
thù  'ni  fenm 
Air  tf'icheadh  bhuain  feiii  1«  do  cheòl  ; 
B'è  'n  sealgair  gun  umhail  a  cliuireadh  'nad 
dheidh 
An  luaidh'  ieis  am  faodadh  do  leòii. 

A  Lon-duibh,  a  Lon-duibh,  '^  Ifat-st  'n  diugh 
thar  g:>,L'li  cun 

An  ribhi'id  is  fearr  thig  air  m'  fhonn  ; 
Cha  n'  eil  mi  gidheadh  gun  mhòr  iogna'  ciod  ò 

Dh-fhag  d'  òran  co  d'oLisach,  trom. 

A  Lon-duibh,   'bheil  d'j  leannan  riut  coinih- 
each  no  i'.ùr, 
'S  i  gu  pn,ÌH,.il  ;.;  diultiìdh  Icat  tàmh  ? 
0,  's  cinuteaoh  nach  eil, — b'  iae  "ghoguid  gun 
tùr 
Nacli  mealladh   's  niich  maoth'c'headli    do 
dhau  ! 

A  Lon-duibh,    'nè  gu'n   d'   fhnair  an   druid 

buaaidh  or*,  ri  ceol 

Dhùisg  buaireas  'us  bròn  unu  ad  fhrios  ? 

No   'n   d'  fhuair  thu  au   nead   's  an  robli  d' 

iseincan  og 

Air  an  goidbhuait  le  gàrlach  gun  iochd  ? 

A  Lon-duibh,  a   Lon-duibh,  tha  mi  'cuinih- 
neachadii  nis  ! 
Bha  'n  clainhan  an  rathad  so  'n  do  : 
'S  niòr  m'  eagal  gu'  n  d'  reub  ò  do  elieilc  '.ia' 
phreas, 
'Gad  fhàgail-sa  dubhaeh  'na  di^igh. 

A  Lon-duibh,    ma's  fior  sud,   tha  mi  dulich 
do  d'  thaobh, 
Le  co-fhairearain  chaomh,  m?.r  is  dual 
Do  neach  tha  'nad  chor  'faicinn  ceart  a  chor 
fein  : 
Eisd,  'us  iunsidh  aobliar  mo  ghruaim. 

A  Lon-duibh,  's  dearbh  gur  cuimhne  leat  ribh- 
inn  mo  gliaoil, 
An  cailin  a  b'  aobhaicho  snnadli, 


'S  is  trie  a  dheisd  còmhla  riiim  d'  6ran  's  a, 
chraoibh, 
Ann  an  coill  B)iaile-n-taoir  an  sud  shuas. 

A  Lon-duibh,  mar  dhriùc  Maiglie  fo  bhlàth- 
shùil  na.  grèin 
Bho  'n  talamh  rinn  m'  eudail  grad-thriall  ; 
Bha  h-iomhaigh  cho  nèamhuidh  's  nach  ioghn- 
adh  leam  fein 
Na  h-ainglibh  bhi  'n  deigh  siir  mo  chiall. 

A  Lon-duibh,  a  Lon-duibh,  nis  'an  coille  nam 
blàdh— 

Leig  leam  a  bhi  làmh  riut  a"  caoidh  : 
Cha  'n  ann  do  na  h-uille  eun  dhiunisinn  fàth 

Trom-osnaidlipan  cràitear-h  ;u"-c-hri ! 

Ach  stadam  mo  bhr<Vi  :  'S  olc  mo  choir  air 

bhi  'caoidh, 

'Gur  milleadh  air  aoibhneas  mo  ghràidh  ; 

B'  fhearr  soalltiiin  gu  foil  air  au  dòigh  anns 

am  faod 

Mi  bhi  fathast  'na  (;aoiu-(;haidreamh  blà. 


SEONAID,    FLUH     BOIDTIEAOH    A 
GHLINX. 
(O'N  'BHEURLA.) 
Tha  'glirian  air  dol  sios  nis  air  >  iila  Bheinn' 
Loimunn, 
'Toirt  àite  do  neulta  is  dr-hliuidhe  hiinu, 
Siui'n  so  feasgar  CeitPÌn  a  'far.un  'n  am  aouar, 
Dluth-smnainteach' air  Seoi  laid,  Flurbòidh- 
uau'i  a  Ghlinn. 
(ii'd's  mills  an  Earra-dhreus  ]c  'dhearg-ghuca 
ciibhraidh, 
Ged's  àillidh  am   Beithe  'n.i  ghorm-thrua- 
gan  grinn, 
Qur  h-àille's  gur  nnlae,   's  gur  riomhaiche 
dhò'-sa 
Mo  Sheònaid  bhàn  òg— Flùran  bòidheach  k 
Ghlinn. 

Tlia  i  modhail  na  gluitsad — cUiln,  maiscacli, 
gun  ghuaincis, — 
Do  no-chiontas  intina  fhuair  m'  iinusachd 
làn  roinn  : 
0  guma  fad'  uaipe  an  slaoiteir  mi-shuaircf 
Air  droch  diol  a  dh'  fhàgadh  Flùr  àhiiim  a' 
Ghlinn  ! 
A  Smeòraich  !  cum  suas  do  bhinu.dhuanag  do 
'n  fheasgar, 
'S  gle  ehaonih  le  mactalla  nan  creag  ud  do 
rann  : 
Ach  's  caoimhe  leam  fèin,  gach  deagh-bheus'  , 
rinn  mo  thàladh 
Ri  Seonaid  bhàn,  òg — Fiiifan   bòidheach  a' 
Ghlinn. 

Mu  'm  faca  mi  Seònaid,  b'  fhaoin  solas  mo 
làithean, 
Cha  robh  aighjarr  a  bhaile  'nam  aithre  ach 
faoin  ; 


32 


AN   GAIDHEAL. 


Ni  mo  b'col  domh  aon  nionag  a  themuadh  gu 
giàilli  mi 
Gu3  an   d'  fhuair  mi    mo  ihùil  air   Flo.- 
(•^bliraidh  a  Ghlinn.  ) ;  ' 

Ged  liu  Icain-Sii  gun  diil  ataid  co  àrd  'sa  tha 
'm  dhùthaich, 
Gun  ise  ri  m'  thaobh  bhithian  aonarach, 
tinn, 
'S  mi  lUiiiiUs  mar  neoui  gach  onoir  'u3  storaj 
A  I'lir  easlihiuilh  mo  Sheònaid— F!ùr  btìid- 

heach  a  Ghlinn.  PjAIi.  li;  P.  C. 

Batìiurst,  Ont. 

Norn  . />umblaii»U»cx.rruptlon  of  Ouablaiia— the 
latter  lieiixjt  iu  its  turn  Diin-l)hlat!iaiii  (i.e.,  the  hill  cf 
flowers).  Angliiisfid. 


TUIKEADH  SEaNN  FHLEASGACA. 
8BIBD. 
Tionndaidh  nis  is  eisd, 
Tionnilaidh,  tionndaidh,  's  gabh  gu  tenia, 
'.S  na  dean-sa  mar  a  rinn  mi  fein, 
Thoir  te  a  measg  na'n  cailcagan. 

'S  tha  mise  'nso  an  diugh  learn  fhein, 

Gun  agam  n'  a  ni  dhomli  feum  ; 

Gun  mhart,  gun  each,  gun  bbeathach  spreidh, 

Gun  chearo,  gun  gheaclh,  gun  tuniiagun 

'Sa  'iiuaira  bha  mi  a'm  ghill'  og, 
Bha  caoraich  agam  's  crodh  ku  leor; 
Co  theireadh  rium  an  sin  ri'm  bheo, 
Gu'm  laicinn  la-cho  uireasbhuidlieach. 

Mo  mhallaclid  aig  an  fheargu  brnth 
Nach  tagh  a  bhean  'nuair  bhios  e  traight', 
Gun  f  hf'ithldh  gus  an  tig  an  Ian 
No  bithidh  e  baithte  le  cunnartan. 

'S  beag  a  shaoil  mi  'n  lalthean  m'olg, 
Gu'm  bithinn-se  gun  neartgun  treoir; 
Gun  bhean,  gun  mhac,  gun  neach  am  choir 
A  bheireadh  dhomhse  comh-f  hurtachd. 

'Sa  lihotlinn  bhochd  'an  Koleana  fheln, 
Amdhragh  dochach,  's  mi  fein  gun  fheum; 
Gach  la  a  del  ni's  dluithe  do'n  eug, 
'S  gun  neach  n'am  dheigh  le  n'duillch  ml. 

Is  'Illean  caoinichibh  am  feur, 

Am  feadh  's  a  bhitheas  a  ghrian  a"  dears' ; 

« tir  thig  an  aois  an  uine  ghearr, 

'S  b'f  hearr  leibh  gun  robh  bean  agalbh. 

(Jha'n  ioghna'  ciod  adheireadh  dhomhs', 
'S  an  car  a  tholrta  te  le  m'  dheoin  ; 
Oirdh'fhagml  nighean  steidheil  choir, 
An  toir  air  storasamaideach. 

Chal'l  ml  'n  storas,  chalU  ml'n  trend, 
Cha  d'f  huair  ml  'n  te  bha  ml  an  deigh; 
'S  an  to  a.  gheibhinn,  'h  thug  diiomh  spels, 
Thug  ml  le  eacoir  car  .-ilste. 

Tha  Ise  'n  diugh  comnth  'samiann, 
Tha  alec  fear  is  lomadh  ceud  ; 
Tha  mlse  'n  so  'nam  bhotiach  Hath, 
Thug  iomadh  blladhna  fo  airsneal. 

Is  dh'lnnis  mlse  nis  mar  bha, 
'Sogabhail)h  rabhndh  uarasa  trft; 
'S  ma's  toigh  leat  te,  thoir  dhi  do  lamh. 
Is  gu  brath  na  bi  na  d'  Jihaitchelear, 
J.  C. 


OISEIN:      A    'LINN    AGUS    A 
BFARDACHD. 

Faodiiidh  Ciiirdean  agus  eascairdean 
an  treun-Miaird  Oisein  an  aidmheil  so 
a  tliogail  le  clieile,  gum  blieil  a  radh 
fein  anion  firinneacli  agvis  freagarrach : 

"  Sgeul  ri  aithris  air  am  o  aois  ; 
Giiiombaran  laithean  nam  bliadlmachan 
a  dh'aom." 

"An  Seallama,  an  Taura  no'n  Tighraori, 
Cha-n  'eil  slige  no  oran  no  ckrsacli ; 
Tha  iad  uile  nan  tulaichean  naine, 
'S  an  clachan  nan  cluainibh  fein  ; 
Cha'n  fliaic  aineal  o'n  lear  no  o'n  fhasach 
A  li-aon  dill  's  a  bharr  ro  neul." 

Cha'n  'eil  ni's  mo  oighean  nan  rosg 
mall  aig  Morni  a'  bualadh  clarsaich  no 
togail  dain.  Tha  clarsach  gun  tend  'am 
Morbheinn  :  cha'n  'eil  guth  no  ceol  an 
Cona  :  thuitaraon  an  triath  's  am  bard, 
's  cha'n  'eil  clin  'san  aird  ni's  mo. 
Cha'n  'eil  lann  a'  bualadh  beum-sgeithe. 
Tha  Fionnghal  nan  iomadh  beus  'us 
buaidh  ann  an  stri  nan  lann,  'us  Oisein, 
Ixard  milis  caomh  nam  fonn,  'us  Oscar 
gaisgeach  mor  meamnach  ard  nam  feart, 
maille  ri  treun-laoich  na  Feinne  a  thog 
oi-an  's  a  laimi  sicli  claidheamh  anns  na 
laithean  a  bha  's  a  dh  'aom, — tha  iad 
uile,  'nan  cainnt  fein,  nan  ciar  thalla  a' 
sealg  feidh  dhoilleir  nan  niall.  Mhar- 
caidh  iad  uile  ann  an  laithean  nam 
bliadlmachan  a  dh  fhalbh,  air  iomall  an 
sgiathan  le  greadhnachas  gu  clann  nam 
Fionn,  'Am  Morbheinn  cluiteach  nan 
sruth  gaireach  's  nan  aonaichean  neul- 
ach  sprochdach,  cha'n  'eil  le  siol  nan  sar- 
ghaisgeach  sgiath  leathan  g'  a  sgaoil- 
eadh,  no  claidlieamh  geal  g'  a  tharruing; 
ni's  mo  cha  chrathar  craosnach  agus  cha 
seinneai-  dan  catha  baoisge  le  laoich  ard 
dhuineil  aiginneach  Fhionnghail  mhoir 
nan  sleagh,  'nuair  a  bhitheadh  gach 
suil  air  lainn  'us  tuar  'righ  ard  nam 
beum  's  nam  beusan  mor. 

Cha  robh  na  linntean  tearc  anns  an 
robh  bardachd  na  Feiime — nan-orain 
chaomha  chiuin  a  b'  abhaist  do  mhile 
bard  air  mile  clarsaich  agus  cruit  chiul 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


33 


a  sheinn  ann  an  tallafhial  mac  Chaomh- 
ail,  air  an  giulan  a  nuas  le  beul  aithris 
o  gliinealacli  gu  ginealach,  gus  fadh- 
eoidli  an  d'eirich  buidheann  de  dhaoine 
foghluimte  suairce,  aig  an  robh  mor- 
mheas  air  na  dain  d*  am  bu  nos  aigbear 
agus  suimd  a  dbiisgadh  le  'm  fuaim 
thiambaidh  fhonnmbor  ann  anliichairt- 
ean  nam  ]\Iorbheinn,  an  trath  a  bkit- 
eadb  an-t-slige  'dol  mun  cuairt,  agus 
solas  'us  tlusalaclid  air  am  faireacb- 
duinn  ann  am  bròn  's  'an  tuireadh  dian 
na  sithe.  Mun  rannsuicb  sinn  na 
doigbean  trid  an  robb  dain  Oisein  air 
an  gleidbeadh  air  chuimlme  re  nine  co 
fada  agus  co  dorcba;  'us  mun  gabli  sinn 
beacbd  air  an  am  agus  air  a'  mbodb  a 
bha  iad  fadbeoidb  air  an  cruinneacbadb 
le  Seumas  Mac  a'  Pbearsainn  agus 
Gaidlieil  tbi-eun  -  inntinneach  theo- 
cbridbeacb  agus  ealanta  eile,  bitbidb  è 
iomcbuidb  dljuinu  pilltinn  air  'ur  n' 
ais,  agus  feucbainn,  le  combnadb  nan 
£goilearan  a  rinn  feum  co  maitb  de  na 
gatbannan  faoin  a  tba  'nis  agus  a  ritbist 
a  dearsadb  anus  an  dorchadas,  an  dean 
siiin  a  macb  suidbeacbadb  nan  Gaidbeal 
bha  tuineacbadb  ann  an  Albainn  ann 
an  CBLkl  linntean  a'  cbreidimb  Cbriosd- 
uidh.  Tban  combdbunadb  bunaiteacb 
agus  soilleir  a  db'  ionnbsuidb  am  bbeil 
daoine  teacbd  mu  tbiomcbioll  ceud- 
sbuidbeacbadb  nan  Gaidbeal  ann  an 
iomadb  cearna  iomallacb  de'n  Roinn 
Eorpa.  Gbluals  iad  gu  mocb  air  falbb 
bbo'n  aird  an  ear  far  an  robb  air  tiis  an 
cinne  daoine  uile'  tuineacbdb.  Sgaoil 
iad  gu  deifireacb  tbairis  air  combnardan 
reambar,  tborracb  na  Mdr-Roinn,  a' 
fagail  'an  siid  agus  'an  so — ann  an  ainm 
dutbcba  agus  ann  an  cleacbduinn 
aosmbor  iongantacb,  cuimbneacban  do 
na  fineacban  lionmbor  a  tbainig  'nan 
deigb.  Cba'n  'eil  èfurasda  aig  an  am  so, 
an  deigb  do  linntean  co  dorcba  an 
cuairt  a  ruitb,  ceumannan  nan  Gaidbeal 
'nan  ceud  tburuis  a  lorgacbadh.  Tbui- 
nicb  iad  anns  an  dutbaich  a  tba  'nis  air 
a-b-aiteacbadb  leis  na  Frangaich,  agus 
tbainig  iad  le  beagan  dragb  tbairis  do 
Bbreatuinn.    Db'  imicb  iad  re  uine  mu 


tbuatb,  agus  ann  an  eileannan  cnocach 
lionmbor,  ann  an  glinn  's  an  sratban 
fbasgacb  uaigneacb  Albainn,  fliuair  na 
Gaidbeal  agus  an  canain  fbogbainteach 
fardacb,  agus  daigbneacb  a  cboisinn 
doibb  tearuinteacbd  'us  seasmbachd  'us 
soirbbeacbadb,  am  feadb  a  bba  agbaidh 
nan  dutbcbannan  mun  cuairt  air  a-b- 
atbarracbadb  's  air  a  millidb  gu  minic 
le  feacbdan  garg  nan  Eomanacb,  nan 
Locblinnicb  agus  nam  fineacban  neo- 
cneasda  alluidb  aig  an  robb  an  ionad 
combnuidb  fein  am  measg  fuacbd  'us 
reotba  na-b-airde  Tuatb. 

(Gu  hid  air  a  leantuinn.)   CONA. 


RO'  NA  CHOMHRAIO. 
(BHO  'NA  BHEURLA.) 

Air  fonn  :— "  JiLst  before  the  Battle,  Mother." 
A  mhathair  ghaoil  ro  am  na  còmliraig, 

Tha  mo  smuaintean  ort-sa  'mhtiin  ; 
Air  an  fhaiclie  re  an  latha 

As  ar  n'  eascaraid  aig  laimh. 
Companaich    dhaimheil    tha    mu'n    cuairt 
dhomh, 

Le  gradh  Dhe  a's  fàrdaich  làn, 
'S  fliios  aca  gur  h-ioma'  gaisgeacli 

'Bhios  an  atli-lath'  'n  glaic  a  Bhais  ! 

LUINNEAG. 

Soraidh  leat  a  nis  a  mhathair, 

Siuhh'laidh  mi  gu  blàr  nam  heum  ; 

Ach  na  di-chuimhnich  gu  bràth  mi 
Ma  hhios  m'  aireamh  aig  an  'Eiig  I 

'S  fada  learn  gacb  latha  'mhathair, 

Gu3  gu  faic  mi  ghraidh  thu-fhein  ; 
Ach  gu  bràth  cha  'n  fhàg  mi  bhratach, 

'S  pilleadh  dhachaidh  dh'  easbhuidh  euchd. 
An  luchd-brath  a  ta  mu  'n  cuairt  duibh, 

'S  mòr  an  lochd  iad  ann  ar  càs — 
Mheall  ar  gaisgeich  anns  gach  haiteal, 

Le  'bhi  caidreamhach  ri  'r  nàmh  ! 

Soraidh  leat  a  nis  a  mhathair,  dec,    . 

Eisd  !  is  cluinn  an  triumbaid  cheolmhor 

Tha  g'  ar  seòladh  dh'  ionnsaidh  'chath  ; 
Teasraig  sinne  'Dhe  na  glòrach, 

Buanaich  dhuinn  ar  cor  a's  ceart. 
Cluinn  a  nise  guth  na  Saorsa 

Air  a  ghaoth  a  tigh'nn  le  seisd  ; 
Mar  a  buanaich  sinn  ma  'r  brataich, 

Gheibh  sinn  fas  gach  teach  'san  t-sreup  ! 
Soraidh  leat  a  nis  a  mhathair,  dec. 

FiLIDH  KAM  BeANN. 


3*  AN  GAIDHEAL. 


TUIRE  FHINN  AIKSON  BAILE-CHLUAIDH. 

Lr,  OisErx. 

Ghlac  Cumhul,  athair  Fhinn,  Baile-chluaidh,  agus  loisg  se  e.  Bha  am  baile  air  craig 
phim-Breiteann,  an  nisge  Chliiaidh ;  agus  sgrios  Cumhal  e,  chuiu  's  nach  bithsacih  e  na 
ahamgnfacli  na  aghaidh. 

"  To^-aibh,  bliarda  a  's  caoin,  am  fonn," 
Thuibhairt  Fionui^hal  ard  shonn  nan  sgiath  ; 
"  Togaibh  clin  min  Mhaona  nan  tonn, 
A's  i  cadal  am  fonn  nan  sliabh."^ 

"  Gra.irmibh  'h-anam  gu  mall  fo  dhnan 
Nail  o'u  talamh  nan  stuadhan  mor  : 
Biodii'  caoin  astar  osceann  nan  cruach 
Air  Mòr-bhei nn  a  's  bnadbach  òi^h — ^ 
G-athan  greine  nan  laithean  a  dh  aom, 
Solais  blianail  nan  daoine  bh'  ann. 

"  Chnnnam  balla  Bhail-chluaidh  nan  lann, 

Air  nach  eirich  ach  i^ann  guth  slòigh : 

'S  an  talla  bha  teine  nach  lann, 

'N  diiigh  g-an  chaidre  measg  chlann  as  òigh. 

"  Dh  aom  Cluaidh  ;-  bha  sruth  eatrom  air  raon 
Bho  ard  bhalla  thuit  claon  fo  smùr. 
'N  sinbha  cluaran  gluasad  fo  ghaoith, 
A's  coineach  a  caoineadh  fo  'n  tùr. 

"  'N  sionnach  ruadh  bha  'n  a  ninneig  fein, 
A's  mall  Ihubadh  an  f  heir  m'  a  chùl. 
'S  fàsach  cònuidh  IMhaona  nan  tend  ; 
'S  doilleir  talla  nan  ceud  's  an  tiir. 

"  Togaibh,  bharda,  bròn  caoin  nam  fonn 
Mu  ard  thalla  nan  tonn  a  bh'  ann : 
Thuita  treuna  lada  io  thom,* 
A's  thig  laithean  nan  sonn  so  nail. 

"  Cuira'  thogadh  leat  talla  nan  corn, 
A  mhic  airasir  nach  mòthar  sgiath, 
Thu  coimhpad  an  diugh  bho  d'  thùr  mhòr, 
A's  ant  ath-lath  fo  scòrr  nan  sliabh  ?' 

"  Cha  mhall  blian'an  's  cumhachdach  triall, 
Le  osaig  nan  ciar  mhonadh  fas 
A  gairm  ann  an  talla  nan  triath, 
Nis'  air  tuiteam  gu  thrian  air  làr. 

"  Chiar  osag,  Ihig  bho  mhonadh  fas  f 
Bi'dh  sinne  sàr  'n  ar  lailhibh  fein ; 
Bi'dh  comhar  mor  mo  Ihainn  am  blàr, 
'S  bi'dh  m'  ainm  aig  iomad  bard  an  cein. 

1  An  duslach  nan  sliabh. 

3  Bhiodh   anaman   nam   marbh  a  sinbh  il  air  na  neoil,  a  reir  b.'aelidan  nan  linn  ud. 

3  Bail-Chluaidh.      4  Dli'  eug  iad.       5'S  an  uaigli.       6  Tim  am  fonn  a  caochladh  an  80. 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


35 


"  T02:  fonn,  's  cuir  slige  ait  m'  an  cuairt: 
Biodh  solas  ard  ri  Ihuaidh  a'  m'  choir. 
Nuair  dh'  aomas  tusa  chi  mi  shuas, 
Ma  thig  thn  nuas,  a  sholuis  mhòir, 

"  Ma  ta  's  air  am  's  air  am  gun  tuar, 
Mar  Fhionnghal  òg  a  's  luaithe  cenm, 
[Bi'dli  mis'  mar  thusa  fad  fo  bhuaidh ;] 
Is  ceart  co  bnan  mo  cMiu  's  tu  fein." 

Mar  sin  a  thog  an  rij^h  am  fonn, 

Air  làith'  nan  sonn  a  b'  airde  clith  : 

Bha  ceud  fear-facail  'g  eisdeachd  shnas, 

Ag  aomadh  balbh  gu  luaidh  an  righ. 

Bu  chosmhnil  sin  ri  fuaim  nan  tend 

Nuair  dli'  eireas  mall  a  ghaoth  bho  'n  fhrith. 

B'  àiUidli  smnaintean  nasal  do  chleibh;'' 
Cnim'  ta  Oisein  a'  d'  dheigh  gnn  neart  ? 
Ach  seasaidh  tn,  athair,  leat  fein  ; 
Co  e  coimeas  righ  treun  nam  feart  ? 


MARBH-EHANN   DO    'N    URRAMACH   PADRUIG    MAC- 
ILLEADHAIN. 


LE   RUARI    MOIKASTAN. 


[Bha  '11  duine  nasal,  Urramach  so 
na  fhear  teagaisg  ro  mheasail  agus  ain- 
meil  's  gacli  aite  anns  an  robh  e.  Bugadh 
e  ann  au  eilean  Leoghais  ;  bha  e  uair  na 
mhinistir  ann  an  Ceap  Breatuinn, 
Nova  Scotia,  as  a'  sin  chaidh  e  air  ais 
do  dh'  Alba,  agiis  bha  e  re  nine  na 
mhinisteir  na  h  eaglais  Saoir  ann  'n 
Steornabhagh,  far  an  do  bhasaich  e  air 
mios  dheireannach  an  Earraich,  1868.] 

Cha  'n  nrra'  mi,  cha  'n  aithne  dhomh, 

Do  chliu  gu  ceart  a  luaidh, 
Ann  am  braithraibh  comlmard  falainn, 

A  bhiodh  airidh  air  do  chuau-t ; 
Ach  se  do  chliu  gu  h-araidh, 

Anns  gach  aite  gu'n  tug  thu  buaidh, 
'S  tha  thu  nise  sabhailt, 

Aig  gairdean  deas  an  UaLn. 

Cha  bu  gheug  gun  toradh  thu, 
Ach  maiseach  a  measg  chaich, 

Suidhichte  anns  an  fhionan, 

Nach  do  chaill  a  riamh  a  bhlath  ; 


Ghlanadh  mar  an  t-airgiod  thu, 
'S  mar  an  t-or  's  deirge  gnath, 

'S    bu    shoitheach   glan    Ian    eifeachd 
thu; 
Le  sgeimh  an  ti  tha  'n  aird 

Bha  iorasalachd  's  gradh, 

A  tighinn  'n  airde  ruit  's  gach  ceum, 
Bha  do  phearsa  maiseach  aluinn, 

'S  buaidh  do  naduir  bha  da  reir, 
'S  do  chliu  bidh  aig  na  braithrean, 

Anns  an  fhasach's  fad'  an  rèis, 
Oir  chaill  iad  nis  Faidhe, 

A  bha  gradhach  ac'  gu  leir. 

Cha  'n  'eil  thu  nise  ga  d'  sharachadh,    " 

'Sa  phaileann  so  air  chuairt, 
Cha  bhi  trioblaid  inntinn  ort, 

'S  cha  bhi  thu  tinn  car  uair, 
Chaidh  thu  suas  le  ordheareas, 

'S  dhf  lalbh  na  deoir  'o  d'  ghruaidh ;  ' 
A  Dhia  nan  gras  gun  deonaich  dhuinn. 

Bhi  comhla  riutsa  shuas. 


Tha  am  foun  an  so  a  caojhladh  a  re. 


36 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


Feumaiilli  siiine  a  chairdean, 

Tliighinn   a     lathair    'Bliritlieanili 
nilioir, 
Chi  sinii  'n  sin  Padruig, 

Measg  an  aireamh  cliaidh  thoirt  beo 
'S  cuLi-idh  e'  sa  a  sLeula, 

liis  a  hliinn  tbeid  eigheaclid  cruaidh 
Na  'n  agliaidh-san  a  dhitear, 

Leis  an  fhirinn  bha  e  luaidh. 

Guidblieam  air  mo  cbairdean, 

A  dheisd  Padruig  air  a  cbuairt, 
Gu  'm  jiilleadb  sibb  gu  'r  Sbanaighear, 

Mu  'n  tig  am  bàs  gu  biath  ; 
Mu  'n  toir  e  sios  do  dborninn  sibb, 

Gu  staid  eu-docbais  bbùan, 
Mu'n  duiuear  dorus  trocair  oirbb, 

O  tbigibb  beo  gu  luatb. 


LAOIDH  AIR  COR  AN  DUIXE. 

Lb   Eausaib  Ruuadh   Ni'n   Donnachai, 
E  Raineach,  abhathuineadh,  ri  Seann 

LAITHIBII,     AN-      CrOIT      LhABHHAINX,     OS- 
CIONN  LlIEAUAGAX. 

0  's  inithicli  dhuiiiii  dusgadh  ; 
Tha  sinii  fada  nco-shurdail  gun  stà  ; 
Sinn  gun  oinliail  gnu  c.hàiMra 
Gun  tig  siun  gu  cunntas  gu  bràth. 
Nam  liu  Uieir  duiiin  an  gnothadi, 
Cha  bu  choir  ilhuiuu  bhi  gabhail  na  dàil  ; 
Guin  bi  'n  obair  ri  fheuchainn 
Nuair  thigt(!achdair  g'  ard  'neigheacdid  bho  'n 
bhàs. 

Ciamar  Ihabliras  siim  facal 

Nuair  a  bheir  an  Ti  Cheart  sinu  na  IhJi'ir 

'S  a  lliiuthad  lath  agus  bliaua 

A  bhuilich  sinn  dioinliain  mar  tha  ? 

'S  ann  clium  uilc  bha  ar  togradh  : 

'S  bha  sinn  lei.sg  a  chum  obair  nan  gras. 

S'  cruaidli  au  gnotliauh  ri  eisdoaclid 

Gach  lochd  tha  ri  Iheughadh  'n  ar  là'ir 

Nuair  theid  trompaid  a  sheideadh, 

Theid  an  cruinne  gu  leir  bun  o^ceaiui  ; 

Na  bhios  marbh  ni  iad  dusgadh, 

'S  bheir  an  cuan  an  sin  cunntas  nacli  gann. 

Thig  critli-tliahrihainn  a  dhuisgeas 

Na  ii-uaighcau  bha  duinnte  gu  teann, 

Nuair  tliig  iJrcithc'  na  còrach 

A  thoirt  brcith  air  gach  seors  a  bhios  ann. 

Is  fath  nagail  a's  curaiii 

A  bhi  ,smuaiiie:ich  ma  'n  nine  sin  fhein. 

Biilb  ncul  ruadh  air  a  ghealaich, 

'S  culaidh  bhroin  a  cur  falach  mu'n  ghrein  : 


Theid  an  saoghal  'n  a  smùraich, 
Agus  leogliaidh  gach  diitliaich  mar  chtiir 
Nuair  thig  Buachaill'  a  Cheartais 
'(.■habhail  cunntas  air  fad  anus  an  treud 

Nuair  tliig  Breithe'  na  Firinn, 

'S  beag  t-ioghnadh  ar  'n  inntinn  bhi  trom, 

Ni  ar  cogais  ar  diteadh  ; 

lUthidh  Htir  ar  l)inn  ann  ar  com. 

T licid  ar  tearbadli  bho  cheile 

Mar  ni  'm  buchaill'  an  spreidh  air  an  torn— 

Cuid  gu  subhachas  siorruidh, 

'S  a  chuid  eile  gu  diogh'ltasaibh  trom. 

Ach  tha  'n  saoghal  so  'n  oònaidh 

'G  ar  cumail  an  dòchas  gach  lath 

Gun  toir  psa  dliuinn  .sòhìs, 

Siun  a  gabhail  a  sheoil  anus  gach  càs. 

Aoh  nuair  thaisgear  's  an  uir  siun, 

A'.s  a  chuireas  e  cul  ruinn  gu  bràth, 

B'  fhearr  d'  am  anamaibh  bhi  'n  siochaint 

Na  na  choisinn  sinn  riamh  air  a  sgàtli. 

Ach  ma  sheallas  tu  cinnteach, 

Chan  'cil  moran  toilinntinn  i'o'n  ghroin 

Ni  is  mo  tha  do  dhuil  ann, 

S'  ann  is  doch  e  chuir  cul  riut  gu  leir  : 

'N  aite  aighir  a's  sugraidh 

Gum  bheil  bròu  agus  curani  'u  a  dhèigh  ; 

A's  air  pailtead  do  stòrais 

Cha  toir  thu  fo'n  fhòid  ach  thu  fhcin. 

Ach  's  e  leigheas  ar  dochainn 

Sinn  a  rliannsach  an  doruis  'n  a  thvJith 

A  tha  treoireach  am  fochair 

Caithir  Dhe  a's  a  shoehairean  àiUt, 

A  bhi  'g  earbsadh  le  durachd 

Gun  do  ghlan  E  ar  cunntas  'n  a  Ihà'ir, 

A's  gum  meal  sinn  an  reite 

Choisinn  Esa  chaidh  cheus'  air  ar  sgàth. 


Bha  r(^isinieid  ann  an  aon  do  db-Inn- 
sean  na  h-àirde  'n  iar  ;  bha  niòran  do  na 
daoiiie  'bàsachadh,  agus  cha  nihdr  gum 
b'fhòarr  na  h-itigich.  An  dt^igh  do'n  lar- 
mad  tighin  dachaidh,  bha  dnin'-uasal  a 
choinnich  aon  dona  saighdoaran,  a  feòra- 
dhe  ciod  bu  choireach  ris  na  daoine  bhi 

iubhal  CO  lionmhor.  ' '  'Se  bhi  'g  òl  a 
rum  ùr   a   bha   'gam  mai-bhadh,"  arsa'n 

aighdoar.  "Creididb  mi  sin  mu  na 
daoine,"  arso'n  duinniasal ;  "ach  cha'n 
urrainn  e  bhith  gu'n  robh  na  h-oifigich 
ag  ÒI  an  rum  iir  !"  ''Clia  robh  idir,  le'r 
cead,"  arsa'n  saiglieear  ;  "  'se  'n  seann 
rum  a  chuir  as  do  na  h-oifigich." 


TPI  E 


SCOTTISH  HIGHLANDER, 

AN  ENGLISH  SUPPLEMENT  TO  "  THE  GAEL." 

A  OAELIB  MAGAZINE  AND  NEWSPAPER  PUBLISHED  BY  NICHOLSON  &  CO-.  TORONTO.  CANADA,  AND  CLASOOW,  SCOTLAND- 


ON  THE  STRUCTURE  AND  AFFINITIES  OF  THE  GAELIC   LANGUAGE- 

By    P,    McGregor,    M.A. 

(Continued  from,  Ko.  1.) 
"We  had  prepared  a  comparative  list  of  words  in  all  the  parts  of  speech,  but 
Tre  find  that  onr  limits  will  compel  us  to  omit  the  nouns,  the  common  adjec- 
tives, and  the  verbs.  We  select  these  for  exclusion,  because  they  are  the  parts 
of  speech  which  most  easily  pass  from  one  language  to  another,  and  therefore 
they  ai-e  a  less  reliable  test  of  affinities  than  those  words  which  yield  only  when 
the  language  to  which  they  belong  becomes  extinct.  Although  the  English  con- 
tains myriads  of  words  of  Latin  or  Greek  origin,  yet  the  pronouns,  the  numeral 
adjectives  below  a  million,  and  the  indeclinable  parts  of  speech,  are  nearly  all 
of  Germanic  origin.  We  may,  therefore,  infer  that  the  Gaelic  words  in  the 
following  list  are  original,  even  where  similar  words  are  found  in  contiguous 
languages,  which  is  frequently  not  the  case ;  the  Gaelic  often  agreeing  with  the 
Greek  or  Sanscrit,  where  Latin,  Welsh  and  German  differ. 


Pronouns. 

Gaelic. 

Latin. 

Greek. 

Sanscrit. 

Welsh. 

German. 

English. 

am,"  inn,* 

\  ego,  me 

S  egon,  ion, 
(      ego 

j  aham 
]  ma,  me 

1  av,'  wn* 

>  ich,  mich 

I,  mo 

me,  mi 

1  mi,  vi 

tu,  thu 

tu,  te 

tu,  su,  se 

twam,  twa 

ti 

du,  dich 

thou,  thee . 

se    è 

is 

he 

sa 

ev,  e 

er 

he,  him 

si.'i 

ea 

he 

sa 

hi 

sie 

she,  her 

(eadh) 

id 

it 

amuid* 
imis* 
(nus)  sinn 

[nos 

(  hemeis 
Inò 

(  vayam  f 
I  nas 

em,*  om* 
ni 

I  Go,+  veis 
j  uus 

I  we,  us 

(bhuis)  sibli    Tos 

spho? 

vas 

Go  yus  ? 

ye,  you 

siad,  iad 

se,  ii,  eao 

/  spbeis, 
\  sphas 

\  te,  tas 

(  hwynt, 
(bwy 

|-sie 

they,  them. 

mo 

me — 

em— 

me  (of  me) 

(ray)  vy 

mein 

nif 

to,  do 

tu— 

t— ,  s— 

<«  (of  thee) 

dy 

dein 

thy 

e,  a 

.<.;.^,JofhimJj^^^^^- 

ei 

his,  her 

nor,  am,  ai 

noster 

noiter 

unser 

our 

bhur,  'ur 

vaster 

spboiter 

vam  (of  you) 

euer 

your 

so,  sa 

esha 

Go,  so,  sa 

this 

sud,  'ud,  sir 

ut  (conj.) 

tat 

hwnw 

das,  Jen 

that,  yon 

*  These  forms  are  found  only  as  nominatives  affixed  to  verbs.     Tlie  modes  In  which  they  are  used  prove 
that  they  are  not  oblique  cases. 

t  The  Go  is  for  Moeso-gothic.         • 


38 


SUPPLEMENT  TO  THE  GAEL. 


Gaelic. 

Latin- 

CtKEEK. 

Sanscrit. 

Welsh. 

German. 

English. 

CO,  cè,  a 

<[m,  quae 

hos,  he 

j  kas,  kau 
(  yas,  yau 

}p. 

{  Go.chwo* 
Ì  ei 

■  who, which, 
that 

eiod,  rat 

qu'fl,  quod 

kat,  ke 

Go.  chwas 

what 

feiu,  hein      1 
se,  sa            ; 

■  su — 

1 

swa 

hun 

eigin 

own,  self 

Numeral  Adjectives. 

aon 

uu 

hen 

un 

ein.  Go  ain 

one 

do,  da 

duo 

duo 

dwi,  dwa 

dau 

Go  twa 

two 

tri 

tria 

tria 

tri 

tri 

(  drei, 
i  Go  thri 

I  three 

ceathuir        ) 
ceithir           \ 

quatuor 

tessar 

chatur 

pedwar 

Go,  fidwor 

four 

(cuing)  coig 

quinque 

rr 

paneha 

pump 

fuenf 

five 

(seis)  se 
(secteii)         j 
seaclid           j 

sex 

shash 

chwech 

sechs 

six 

-  septem 

hepta 

saptan 

saith 

sieben 

seven 

(octon)  ochd 

octo 

okto 

ashtan 

wyth 

S.'lht.n  f»8" 

(naoin)  naoi 

novem 

ennea 

navan 

naw 

neun 

nine 

(decen)  deich  decern 

deka 

dashan 

deg 

Go,  taichan 

.    ten 

Prepositions. 

(  af,  fon, 

) 

(uab)  Lho,  o 

ab,  a 

apo,  ap 

apa,  vi 

0 

<  Go,  abu, 

>  from 

de 

de 

'  off,  of 

in,  an 

in 

en 

yn 

in,  an 

in 

(indir)  eadar 

iutcr 

antar 

unter 

1  between 
I  among 

to 

do,  adh 

ad 

{?^ras,}«».^" 

chum,  gu      i 
thun              j 

1  cu7)i  (with) 
i  tenus 

I  sun  (with) 

sam  (with) 

ca7i  (with) 

gen 

\  up  or 
(  on  to 

(uabliar)  air  ' 

super 

huper 

upari 

av 

ueber 

on,  above 

fo,  aig 

apud 

hupo 

upa  (near) 

ach 

bei,  Go  uf 

\  under,  by 
]at 

es,  e              1 
as,  a              j 

■  ex,  e 

ex,  ek 

oc 

aus 

out  of 

(uuiba)          j 
uinie,  uiu      < 

araphi 

abi  (towards)  am 

um 

j  about, 
(  around 

tras,  tliair 

trans 

tros,  traus 

over,  across 

(froi)  loi 

prae 

pro 

puras,  pra 

for 

before 

(fris)  lis 

pros 

prati 

by,  against 

troi,  tre 

per? 

trwy 

(  durch 

l  Go  thairch 

1  through 

caramht 

cer  (by) 

i  ch:)se  to. 

coil- 

coram 

(  before 

gun,  aonaist 

sine? 

aneu 

ohne 

without 

cuide  t 

kata 

cyda 

with,  even 
with 

seachad,  seacl 

[i  secus 

past,  along 

Adverbs 

AND  Conjunctions. 

CO,  eadli 

ceu,  ita 

ke 

so 

so,  thus 

cianiar,          j 
cia                  ! 

1 

•  quam,  qua 

koie 

Go,  chwe 

how 

*  Tlie  modern  pronunciation  of  the  Oerinanic  dialects  most  closely  allied  to  the  Mocso-Gothic,  shows  that 
its  h  was  guttural  ;  and,  like  th'J  Sanscrit,  it,  had  only  one  character  for  v  and  w.  Only  the  radical  part  of 
adjectives  is  given,  excluding  the  varying  inflections. 

t  These  are  prepsrly  nouns,  but  they  are  ussd  only  prepositionally  ^ 


SUPPLEMENT  TO  THE  GAEL. 


39 


Gaelic. 

Latin. 

Greek. 

Saj^-sorit, 

Welsh 

German. 

English. 

mar 

mor,  mal 

nicht. 

as 

nina 
chan,  cha 

>  non,  ne 

ouk,  ouch 

ni,  na 

na 

kein 

Go,  ni,  no 

I  not 

nior,  nach 

nee,  neu 

nac,  neu 

noch 

not,  nor 

ro,  ra,  sar 

rhy 

sehr 

veiy,  too 

fagiis 

engus, 

agos 

Go,  /ccJls,  (in)  near 

moch 

mox 

moch 

early, 
I  presently 

(tan)  cuine 

quando 

kada 

[  Go,  than, 
(  chwan 

1  when 

far,  caite,  ca 

kutra,  kwa 

cwdd,  cw 

TO,  Go,chwar  where 

cuime 

kim 

why 

nuise,  nise 

nunc 

nuni,  nun 

nun,  Go  nu 

now 

rls,  ais 

ro 

aps 

agiiin,back 

eadhon 

etiani 

yatha 

eben  ? 

j  even 
]  likewise 

suas 

sursum 

upward 

sior,  riamh 

semper 

immer 

ever 

agus,  (ceo) 

atque,  ac,  que 

kai 

cha 

Go  yach 

and 

acht,  ach 

ast,  at 

atar 

eithr 

Go,  ak,  ith 

but 

nan,  an 

an 

ean,  an 

nwau,  nu 
Prefixes. 

Go,  an 

if,  whether 
Signification 

ana 

en 

excess 

an,  ain, 

}'» 

an,  a,  ne 

ana 

an 

un 

un,  not 

ao,  neo 

mio,  mi 

me  (not) 

mi.s 

mis,  not 

di,  do 

dis,  di 

dus,  du 

(Zi4S (difficult)  dis,  di,  dos 

(  asunder, 
]  defect 

again. 

ath 

aute,  au 

ad 

back 

comh,  con 

>-com,  con,  co 

sun,  sum 

cym,  cyn,  cy 

together 

so 

su 

easily,  well 

Affixes. 

Gaeijc. 

Latin. 

Gkeek. 

Sanschit. 

Welsh. 

German. 

English.  . 

adas,   eadas 

ad,  ead 

itas,  atus 

asis,  esis, 

C  is,  as,  us 

fedd,  id 

f  concrete 

as,  eas 

tetos,  tes 

<  twa,  ti         " 

1  yd,  ydd 

heit,  ness 

}  static  or 

acht,  eacht 

itia,  itio 

OS 

i  tra,  tu 

Ueth,  as 

(  quality 

nuis* 

etes,  ites, 

V  ata,  it 

adair,  eadair     {  ator 
air,  ear              /  etor,  or 

otes,  er 
or  ides 

awdur,  yr 

er 

i  agent,    , 
(  person  ._ 

ades 

1 

an,f  ean 
ag,  eag 

\ 

ion,  isk 

{  yn,  an,  en 
(  ig>  og 

^  chcn, 
lin 

)  diminu- 
f         tives  ' 

ach,  each 

ac,  iu 
or,  er 

ik,  uk. 

or,  ar 

'  ak,  ik,  uk, 

)  wg,  og 

ab'stract 

ail,  11 
aidh,  idh 
ta,  da 

al,  el 
(at,  et 
1  ion 
J  av,  ÌT 

•al'el' 
al,  im, 

ar,  er,  al, 
"il,  at, 
ma,  may 

'  ig,  or,  awr 
[  iol,  awl 
)  aid 

icht 

station 
quality 

amh,  eamh 

em 

*  This  Ì3  probably  the  noun  nos,  custom  or  habit. 

t  Gaelic  masculine  diminutives  terminate  in  n,  and  feminines  in  g.    The  Welsh  termination  yu  is  mascn- 
ine,  an  common,  and  tn,  ig  and  og  feminine. 


40  SUPPLEMENT  TO  THE  GAEL. 


The  rules  of  composition  and  derivation  are  the  same  in  Gaelic  as  in  Latin ; 
but  the  collocation  of  words  is  somewhat  different,  the  Gselic  always  putting 
the  verb  before  the  nominative.  The  common  adjectives  generally  follow,  in 
stead  of  jireceding  the  qualified  nouns.  Where,  as  sometimes  happens,  they 
may  either  follow  or  precede,  the  sense  differs.  Thus  an  sean  duine  is  the  old 
man,  as  distinguished  from  the  young  man,  while  an  duine  sean  signifies  simply 
the  man  who  is  old.  So  sean  dan  signifies  a  poem  composed  long  ago, 
while  ddn  sean  would  denote  an  aged  poem,  and  therefore,  this  form  would 
here  be  improper.  The  numeral  adjectives  immediately  precede  the  qualified 
nouns,  as  in  English.  In  the  structure  and  collocation  of  words,  Gadic  differs 
little  or  nothing  from  Old  English  or  German.  It  admits  of  greater  freedom 
in  tlie  ai-rangement  of  words  than  modern  English  or  French,  but  much  less 
than  Welsh  or  the  classic  languages.  The  significations  of  words  are  also  re- 
markably precise  and  definite.  In  what  relates  to  the  arts  and  sciences,  it  is  of 
course  very  defective;  but  in  evei'^-ihing  that  regards  external  nature  and  the 
mental  feelings,  it  is  quite  copious.  Owing  to  its  precision  and  simplicity  of 
structure,  the  meaning  of  a  .speaker  is  readily  perceived,  if  he  has  any,  and  if 
he  has  not,  that  also  is  generally  apparent.  In  sevei-al  of  these  resjiects  it  is 
widely  different  from  the  Welsh.  The  words  in  this  language  are,  on  the 
whole,  much  less  precise  in  their  signification;  and  this,  combined  with  its  com- 
plex syntax  and  loose  arrangement  of  words,  renders  the  meaning  of  a  speaker 
or  writer  not  unfrequently  obscure.  Gaelic  is  also  richer  in  primitive  terms, 
and  tliose  expressive  of  emotions.  Hence  it  is  better  adapted  for  poetical 
compositions  and  such  as  excite  the  passions. 

Considering  the  comparatively  small  number  of  mankind  who  have  ever 
spoken  it,  the  amount  of  poetical  compositions  of  merit  which  it  contains,  is 
surprisingly  great;  and  we  believe  many  will  study  it  for  these,  long  after  it 
has  ceased  to  be  a  living  language.  The  extent  of  its  poetical  treasures  is  un- 
known to  very  many,  even  of  those  who  speak  it,  while  beyond  its  own  limits, 
they  are  very  little  known. 

In  conclusion,  we  may  be  allowed  to  say  a  word  regarding  the  afiinity  of  the 
Gaelie  to  the  Hebrew  and  the  Syro- Arabian  languages  in  general,  a  subject  on 
which  much  has  been  written.  We  deny,  then,  that  Gaelic  shows  any  affinity 
with  those  languages  much  more  marked  than  any  other  Aryan  language. 
In  fact,  many  of  the  resemblances  pointed  out  hold  equally  true  of  Old  Eng- 
lish. At  the  same  time  we  admit  that  the  affinity  is  marked  and  striking. 
Thoygh  the  languages  differ  widely  in  structure,  yet  many  of  the  words  and 
idioms  are  the  same,  both  in  form  and  signification,  so  that  we  cannot  hesitate 
to  conclude  that  the  Gselic  has  a  common  origin  with  the  Hebrew.  This,  how- 
ever, has  been  recognized  as  true  of  the  Aryan  and  Syro-Arabian  languages 
generally,  by  several  eminent  philologists.  The  Gaelic  has  preserved  so  many 
ancient  forms  as  to  show  that  it  has  changed  surprisingly  little  for  many  long 
ages. 

REMARKS   ON  G^LIC  ORTHOGRAPHY. 

Some  of  our    readers  having  taken  and  have  long  been,  familiar  with  Gaelic 

exception  to  our  mode  of  spelling  cer-  orthography  ;  but  we  do  not  feel  bound 

tain  Gselic   words,  a  brief  explanation  to  write  every  word  precisely  as  those 

becomes  necessary.  readers  would.       There  are  at  this  day 

We  may  state  at  once  that  we  are,  many    hundreds    of  words    variously 


SUPPLEMENT  TO  THE  GAEL. 


41 


•written  by  English  authors,  although 
the  English  language  has  been  exten- 
sively vvritten  for  a  much  longer  period 
than  Gselic.  The  fact  is,  that  Gajlic 
orthography  is  by  no  means  fixed ;  we 
could  not  reasonably  expect  that  it 
should  be.  The  language  was  not  culti- 
vated to  any  great  extent  till  within 
the  memory  of  persons  still  lining;  and 
there  is  no  single  authority  that  deser- 
ves to  be  implicitly  followed. 

The  first  Gnelic  printed  books  re- 
sembled the  English  printed  books  of 
the  same  age  in  the  spelling  being  very 
bad;  there  vv'as  nothing  like  uniformity, 
and  there  were  several  letters  inserted 
tha^  were  better  omitted.  When  the 
Bible  was  first  published  in  what  pur- 
ported to  be  Scottish  Gaslic,  it  in  fact 
contained  many  formsexclusively  Irish, 
evidently  copied  from  the  Irish  Bible. 
A  revised  edition  came  out  in  1816, 
in  which  some  of  the  Irish  forms 
were  excluded.  A  second  revised  edi- 
tion was  published  in  1826,  in  which 
more  of  the  Hibernicisms  disappeared. 
But  many  were  still  retained,  such  as 
confounding c/e  and  do,  writing  luidh  for 
laidh,  putting  single  vowels  for  diph- 
thongs, and  diphthongs  for  triph- 
thongs, as  tigh  for  taigh,  or  taoigh, 
and  coileach  for  caoileach.  We  re- 
ject all  Hibernicisms,  and  write  Scot- 
tish Gaelic  purely. 

There  is  a  glaring  defect  in  Scottish 
Gaelic,  from  which  the  Irish  Gaelic  is  free, 
as  it  does  not  distinguish  the  secondary 
from  the  primary  initial  sounds  of  I, 
n  and  r.  The  Irish  distinguish  all  the 
secondary  forms,  by  putting  a  dot  or 
Btroke  over  the  initial  consonants.  In 
Scottish  Gaelic,  the  distinction  is  shown 
iu  the  case  of  the  other  consonants  by 
writing  an  h  immediately  after  them  ; 
but  the  three  unlucky  consonants  I,  n, 
and  r,  are  left  out  in  the  cold,  so  to 
speak ;  and  you  cannot  tell,  when  you 
read  chunnaig  i  a  leannan  air  anjhdll, 
"whether  it  was  her  own,  or  her  lovers 
sweetheart  that  she  saw.  We  obviate 
this  defect  by  indicating  the  secondary 


forms  by  simply  writing  an  h  after 
them,  as  in  the  case  of  all  the  other 
consonants,  as  was  suggested  long  ago, 
!iy  Dr.  Alexander  Stewart,  in  his  Gaelic 
Grammar,  and  we  know  some  other 
writers  of  Gaelic  have  done.  The  lai'ge 
Gaelic  Bible  of  1826  followed  the  Irish 
mode  to  distinguish  the  secondary  forms 
of  these  three  letters;  but  the  other 
plan  is  better,  as  it  dis])enses  with  par- 
ticular forms  of  letters,  and  makes  the 
method  uniform  throughout. 

We  may  add  that  no  Gaelic  writer  of 
any  note  implicitly  follovv^s  the  Gaelic 
Bible  in  spelling;  and  some  Avriters  of 
note,  such  as  Mr.  James  Munroe,  a 
poet,  and  author  of  a  good  Gaelic  Gram- 
mar, have  departed  from  its  forms  more 
widely  than  we  have. 

It  would  detain  us  too  long  to  give 
our  reasons  for  every  departure,  but 
this  is  needless.  We  aim  at  Avriting 
pure  Scottish  Gaelic,  rejecting  both  ob- 
solete and  Irish  forms,  and  excluding 
quiescent  consonants  that  should  never 
have  been  admitted,  such  as  dh  in  oire 
(Latin  haeres,)  an  heir,  and  in  hliana 
(Welsh  blynedd)  a  year.  So  in  all 
words  compounded  with  comh,  or  co,  we 
would  reject  tlie  mh  before  consonants, 
and  retain  them  before  vowels,  as  is  done 
in  Latin.  We  think  the  few  changes 
we  have  introduced  are  warranted  by 
good  reasons,  and  that  they  render  a 
composition  easier  to  read  and  under-  - 
stand,  and  make  the  language  more 
adapted  to  the  communication  of 
thought  accurately  and  rapidly. 

We  have  thus  given  our  views 
freely ;  but  we  are  ready  to  listen  to  '" 
anything  which  any  of  our  learned 
readers  have  to  say  on  the  subject ; 
and  if  they  convince  us  that  our  views 
are  wrong,  we  will  act  accordingly. 


NEWS  OF  THE  HIGHLANDS  AND 
ISLANDS. 

A  Postal  telegraph  office  has  been  opened 
at  Glencoe. 

A  Gaelic  Societj  is  about  to  be  formed  in 
Inverness. 


42 


SEPPLEMEET  TO  THE  GAEL. 


Thk  HAnvKST. — In  spite  of  a  good  deal  of 
rain  ajid  cloudy  cold  weather,  harvest  is  now 
nearly  ovt-r  throughout  the  North.  And  to 
all  appearance  the  result  is  not  unsatisfactory. 
Turnips  look  remarkably  well,  but  potatoes, 
we  regret  to  learn,  are  showing  symptoms  of 
disease  over  a  wide  range  of  country. — Inver- 
ness Courier. 

The  members  of  the  Clan  Campbell  who 
subscribed  to  the  gift  presented  to  H.  R.  H. 
the  Princess  Louise  are  informed  that  the 
committee  have  sanctioned  the  r  ublication  of 
an  interesting  volume  in  connection  with  this 
event 

Call.— At  a  meeting  of  the  Free  Church 
congregation,  Kildaltion,  Islay,  held  on  the 
28th  August,  and  presided  over  by  the  Uev. 
Mr.  Pearson,  Kilmeny,  it  was  unanimously 
resolvol  to  give  a  call  to  the  Rev.  Alexander 
M'Donald,  preacher,  Stornoway. 

We  learn  by  the  newspapers,  that  a  Lews 
boat  (luring  the  herring  fishing,  at  Wick, 
haided  such  a  quantity  of  herrings,  that  with 
the  moderate  swell  in  the  sea  she  filled  and 
sunk,  before  assistance  could  be  rendered.  The 
crew,  consisting  of  five  men,  were  drowned. 

Sad  Accident  in  Syke.— Mr.  Alexander 
Mackenzie,  tenant  of  Kilmore,  near  t.roadford, 
went  out  with  a  friend  to  shoot  wild  fowl,  and 
while  he  was  in  the  act  of  pushing  aside  a  gun, 
which  he  observed  to  be  in  a  dangerous  posi- 
tion in  the  boat,  it  went  off,  and  the  charge 
passed  through  the  fleshy  part  of  his  thigh. 
The  wound  did  not  appear  to  lie  serious,  but 
lock-jaw  unfortunately  set  in,  and  he  gradu- 
ally sank,  and  expired.  Mr.  Mackenzie  was 
onlv  about  twenty-one  years  of  age. 


ANSWERS  TO  CORRESPONDENTS. 
';».  ^- We  regret  very  much  that,  owing  to  the 
■•.absence  of  Mr.  Nicholson  on  other  business, 
the  present  number  of  The  Gael,  is  so  far  be- 
hind. Tlie  next  number,  which  is  due  in 
Novemlper,  however,  will  be  promjit  on  time, 
and  after  January  1st  it  will  appear  regularly 
every  m^intli. 

'■<-  We  have  several  communications  to  be 
answered  under  this  head,  which  we  have  to 
lay  over  until  our  next. 
'-'J,  Mcfc.,  Glengarry — We  are  informed  that 
Alex.  Glen,  of  Edinlnirgh,  is  one  of  the  Itest 
bag-pi[)e  makers  in  Scotland.  His  cheapest 
sett,  made  of  ebony,  costs  -540  or  £8  sterling- 
He  has  published  McKay's,  McLoughlin's, 
Ross's  and  a  few  other  works  on  pipe  music. 
We  are  indebted  for  the  above  information  to 
Mr  A.  iM.  Oliphant,  Pi))e  Major  to  the  Cale- 
donian Society  of  Toronto,  who  also  informs  us 
that  he  has  a  quantity  of  pipe  music  in  manu- 
script. Parties  requiring  anything  in  tliat 
line  would  do  well  to  communicate  witli  Mr.  0. 


KIND  WORDS  FOR  THE  GAEL. 

OPINIONS  OF  THE  PRES>. 
An  GArDAEAL  ;  The  Gael,  a  magazine  and 
newspaper  devoted  to  miscellaneous  Gaelic 
literature,  and  to  the  interests  of  Scottish. 
Highlanders  generally.  Edited  by  Angus 
Nicholson,  late  editor  of  the  Canada  Scots- 
man,  Toronto,  Canada  ;    Nicholson  &    Co. 

•  *  *  *  The  Magazine  is 
well  printed  in  good  readable  type        *        * 

*  *  The  contents  are  very  varied 
and  interesting.  The  articles  generally  short 
and  pointed.  *  »  *  *  rpj^g 
Nicholsons,  of  Toronto,  seem  to  be  a  very  en- 
terprising iirm,  and  have  faith  in  the  Gaelic. 
Ihey  are  publishing  a  complete  edition  of  the 
Gaelic  Bards,  forming  a  collection  of  Gaelic 
poetry  fioin  tin-  earliest  pi'iiod  to  the  present 
day,  to  be  completed  in  25  parts  at  one  shil- 
ling each.  They  promise  to  begin  with  Os- 
sian  and  end  with  the  latest  known  bard.— 
Paisley  and  Re.nfreivshirc  Gazette. 

The  Gael — a  magazine  and  newspaper  de- 
voted to  miscellaneous  Gaelic  literature,  and 
to  the  int(n'ests  of  Scotti.sli  Highlandeis  gen- 
erally. Published  by  Nicholson  &  Co.,  To- 
ronto, Canada. 

We  have  just  received  and  perused  the  first 
number  of  this  periodical,  and  cannot  speak 
too  highly  of  its  contents.  The  articles  are 
all  first-rate,  and  do  honor  to  the  scholarship 
of  its  Gaelic  editor  ;  and  though  we  differ  a 
little  from  him  with  regard  to  some  words, 
still  we  give  him  credit  for  style  and  purity 
of  language.  The  magazine  cannot  fail  to  be 
appreciated  by  the  Gaelic-speaking  ])opulation 
of  both  .\merica  and  Great  Britian— "oir  a's 
mills  do  'n  Ghaidheal  eanain  a  dhuchci 
fcin."  The  selections  of  Gaelic  poetry  are 
very  happy,  and  the  tone  of  the  magazine 
healthy  and  characteristic  of  the  hardy-head- 
ed Gael.  We  recommend  the  Gael  to  those 
who  can  read  the  language,  as  it  cannot  fail 
to  interest,  instruct  and  amuse.  —  Sterling 
Journal  and  Advertiser. 

Our  Celtic  friends  on  the  other  side  of  the 
Atlantic  have  tripped  up  their  brethren  at 
home,  for  while  the  latter  are  only  thinking 
of  publishing  a  periodical  devoteil  to  the  pre- 
servation of  their  ancient  and  time-honored 
vernacular,  the  Celts  in  the  Dominion  can  al- 
ready boast  of  such  a  work,  the  first  part  of 
which  is  now  before  us.  It  does  honor  to  the 
energy  and  patriotism  of  the  Celts  in  Canada, 
and  is  altogether  worthy  of  a  warm  welcome 
on  both  sides  of  the  "  Great  Sea."  *  * 
*  *  We  have  no  hesitation  in  re- 
commending its  object  to  the  favorable  atten- 
tion of  our  Highland  readers,  believing  it  will 
prove  itself  useful  in  cementing  the  bonds  be- 
tween the  Celts  separated  by  the   ocean,  in 


SUPPLEMENT  TO  THE  GAEL. 


43 


promoting  the  desirable  Bobject  of  re3cuing 
Celtic  popular  history  from  entire  oblivion, 
and  in  supplying  a  medium,  fully  as  miich 
wanted  here  as  in  the  colonies,  for  advocating 
Celtic  rights  and  exposing  Celtic  wrongs,  and 
in  giving  to  the  public  those  interesting  mem- 
orials of  Celtic  customs  and  superstitions 
which  are  fast  dyiug  eivra.y.— Northern  Ensign, 
Wick. 

"We  are  glad  to  see  a  copy  of  the  Gael,  which 
is  published  in  Toronto,  Canada.  *  * 

*  *  The  Gael  deserves  the  support 
of  every  Highlander  ;  it  is  expected  to  be  read 
by  all  Gaelic  readers  throughout  the  world, 
for  agents  will  be  appointed  to  receive  subsc- 
ribers wherever  Highlanders  are  located.  The 
principal  writers  in  the  Gael  being  gentlemen 
who  are  well  known  for  their  classical  abili- 
ties and  moral  worth,  the  reader  cannot  be 
disappointed. — Oban  Times. 


PHILCLOGICAL  ENQUIRIES. 
{Contimied.) 


y,    ■    .    .    ^Ti 
"     .    -    •  OJ     - 

in":;::.' 

•  "3    :    •    :    :  S, . 

1  M  i  M 


-SI 

c3    o" 


1.  How  large  a  number  of  negative  jiarticles 

the  survey  of  several  languages  brings 
into  view. 

2.  How  large  a  number  are  common  to  seve- 

ral languages. 

3.  That  several  particles  have  a  variety  of 

forms,  even  in  one  and  the  same  language. 

4.  That  some   of  those  word.s,    though    used 

independently  in  one  language,  are  used 
only  in  composition  in  some  other  lan- 
guage. 

5.  That  several  negatives  are  the  result  of 

composition — see  examples — particularly 
in  the  Latin  colum.n. 

6.  That  though  Mr.  Muller  gives  a  different 

account  of  the  Latin  nihil  from  that  given 
above,  yet  its  derivation  from  ne  illc  re- 
ceives countenance  from  the  derivation 
given  of  other  Latin  negatives. 

7.  That    the   Gaelic  cha  seems  the  property 

exclusively  of  that  one  language,  and 
that  a  similar  thing  is  observable  with 
reference  to  the  Hebrew  lo  and  ha,l,  and 
to  the  Latin  hand. 

8.  That  whilst  the  Gaelic  a  and  ain  are  rep- 

resented on  two  different  lines  of  the 
scheme,  it  is  worth  enquiring  whether 
they  are  not  different  f-rms  of  one  word, 
and  whether  they  and  all  the  other  words 
which  stand  on  the  first  two  lines  may 
not  have  a  common  origin, 

C.  M.  K. 


With  reference  to  the  above  observe- 


OSSIAN. 
In  the  June  number  of  Macmillarbs 
Magazine,  one  of  the  best  of  the 
English  monthlies,  is  a  very  ably 
written  article  on  Ossian,  by  Principal '. 
Shairp  of  St.  Andrews.  We  may  give 
the  article  in  full  at  an  early  date,  but, 
in  the  meantime,  we  give  the  conclu- 
sions to  which  he  has  come  to,  in  his 
own  words  :— 

"  The  longer  I  have  studied  tlie 
question,  the  more  I  have  been  con- 
vinced that  McPherson  was  a  transla^ 
tor,  and  not  an  author  ;  that  he  Ibund 
and  did  not  create  his  materials ;  that 
all  the  moi'e  important  part  of  his 
"  Ossian"  is  ancient,  and  had  long  ex- 
isted in  the  Highlands,  and  that  at  the 
time  he  undertook  his  collection,  the 
Highlands  were  a  quarry  out  of  which 


44 


SUPPLEMENT  TO  THE  GAEL. 


many   more   Ossianic  blocks  and  frag- 
ments might  have  been  dug." 


BURTON'S   HISTORY  OF   SCOT- 
LAND. 

In  answer  to  some  of  our  readers 
who  are  enquiring  as  to  which  i.s  the 
best  History  of  Scotkmd,  we  give  the 
following  extract  from  the  Edinburgh 
Review,  of  July  last,  regarding  Burtons 
Histvry  of  Scotland,  which  is  just  com- 
pleted. Burton's  History  is  the  latest, 
and,  if  we  take  the  Edinburgh  Re- 
view's opinion,  (who  is  undoubtedly  a 
good  authority  in  such  matter's)  it  is 
the  best.  The  following  is  what  the 
Review  says  on  the  subject  : — 

"  With  all  its  faults  and  shortcom- 
ings, which  we  have  not  been  slow  to 
indicate,  Mr.  Burton's  work  is  now, 
and  will  probably  continue  to  be  the 
best  History  of  Scotland.  So  far  as 
matters  ecclesiastical  are  concerned,  it 
has  and  need  fear  no  rival.  So  far  as 
regards  the  War  of  Independence,  it 
holds  the  same  position  of  superiority. 
If  on  minor  points  he  has  been  less 
successful  ;  if  his  narrative  sometimes 
fails  to  attract,  or  his  argument  to  con- 
vince ;  if  we  can  mark  omissions  which 
mar  the  completeness  of  the  work,  we 
may  yet  be  justly  grateful  to  the  his- 
torian who  has,  for  the  first  time, 
placed  before  us  in  the  light  of  truth, 
those  asi)ects  of  Scottish  history  which 
are  most  worthy  of  study  and  best  cal- 
culated to  reward  it." 


-THE   GAELIC    SOCIETY  OF 
it\'  LONDON. 

We  see,  from  the  accounts  of  recent 
meetings  of  this  Society,  tliat  they  are 
endeavoring  to  have  the  new  education 
act  of  Scotland  so  modified,  that  no 
person  shall  be  ajipointed  a  schol-teach(!r 
in  a  Gaelic  district  unless  he  understood 


Gaelic.  The  Society  is  making  great 
exertions  to  have  a  Professor  of  Gaelic 
appointed  in  one  of  tlie  Scottish  Uni- 
versities, For  this  and  other  similar 
labors,  this  Society  is  entitled  to  the 
acknowledgement  of  every  true  Gael. 
They  have  succeeded  to  the  position 
left  vacant  by  the  Highland  and  Agri- 
cultural Society  having  wholly  turned 
away  from  everything  pertaining  to 
learning  and  literature,  and  confined 
their  attention  to  such  matters  as  rais- 
ing turnips  and  fattening  wethers  and 
bullocks.  In  fact  the  word  "Highland," 
still  retained  with  tlie  title  of  this  old 
Society,  has  now  become  a  misnomer,  as 
thei'e  is  now  nothing  peculiarly  "High- 
land" about  it.  It  is,  fortunately,  wtl- 
der  these  cii'cumstances  that  this  new 
Society  has  stepped  in  to  occupy  the 
vacant  ground,  and  to  advocate  and 
uphold,  in  the  capital  of  the  British 
Empire,  the  claims  of  those  who  live  a 
great  distance  from  it.  May  their  suc- 
cess equal  their  deserts. 


The  present  issue  of  "  The  Gael"  is 
two  pages  larger  than  the  last,  and  it 
is  our  intention  to  enlarge  it  still 
further  after  January. 


No.  1  OF  THE  GAEL. 
We  caimot  dispose  of  any  more  copies 
of  No.  1,  of  The  Gael,  except  to  regular 
yearly  Subscribers,  as  all  we  have  on 
hand  are  required  to  fill  up  sets.  Sub- 
scribers who  have  not  already  received 
it  can  be  supplied  on  application,  and 
also  a  limited  number  of  new  subscrib- 
ers. Parties  who  may  have  copies  of 
that  number  which  they  can  part  with, 
would  greatly  oblige  by  sending  them 
to  us  ;  we  are  particularly  anxious  to 
get  copies  of  the  "  English  Supple- 
ment," which  accompanied  No.  1,  as 
we  are  entirely  out  of  it. 


TO    OUR    SUBSCJilBEBS. 
OFFICE     OF     "THF     &  A.  E  JL ." 

Toronto,  September  20i7i. 

In  explantion  of  the  delay  in  issuing  the  second  number  of  The  Gael,  we 
would  say,  that  it  has  lieeu  occasioned  by  circumstances  which  are  scarcely 
to  be  regretted,  inasmuch  as  they  are  likely  to  be  instrumental  in  promoting 
largely  the  very  object  of  the  establishment  of  our  periodical. 

Tne  first  number  of  The  Gael  was  issued  early  in  June,  (the  Supplement 
having  been  printed  some  time  before  and  dated  June,)  but  was  intended  for 
July,  and  dated  accordingly,  "  Dara  Mios  an  t-Samhraidh"  "  Second  month  of 
Summer,"  according  to  the  American  division  of  the  seasons,  which  makes 
March  the  first  mouth  of  Spring,  June  the  first  month  of  Summer,  àc.  We 
soon  discovered,  however,  that  a  majority  of  our  readers  understood  the  old 
country  division  of  the  seasons  better,  and  took  our  first  number  as  being  for 
June  instead  of  July.  We  shall  in  future  conform  to  the  latter  arrangement, 
and  it  will  be  understood  therefore  that,  '■'■Ceud  Mios  an  Earraich"  means  Feb- 
ruary,  "  Ceud  Mios  t-Samhraidh,"  May,  <kc. 

It  was  our  intention  to  have  issued  The  Geal  every  month,  but  Mr.  Angus 
Nicholson,  the  Editor,  having  been  unexpectedly  appointed  Dominion  Emi- 
gration Agent  for  the  North  of  Scotland,  and  having  to  leave  shortly,  he  finds 
it  impossible  to  accomplish  this,  together  with  the  preparations  necessary  for  his 
mission.  The  issue  will  therefore  be  everi/  other  month  for  the  remainder  of 
this  year,  or  until  the  first  of  January  next,  from  which  date  arrangements  will 
be  made  to  have  The  Gael  apjiear  regularly  every  month,  as  at  first  intended. 
No  injustice  will  be  done  to  subscribers,  however,  by  this  aiTangement,  as  the 
subscription  will  still  ])ay  for  twelve  numbers, — the  difference  being  merely 
that  tlie  end  of  the  first  year  will  be  jjlaced  three  months  further  on.  Mr. 
Nicholson,  before  leaving  for  Scotland,  intends  to  take  a  few  weeks  to  make 
a  tour  of  the  Provinces  from  Prince  Edward  Island  to  Thunder  Bay,  and  pre- 
baps  to  Red  River,  if  time  permits,  in  order  to  visit  the  various  High- 
land settlements,  also  such  districts  as  may  be  considered  best  for  new 
settlements  of  his  countrymen,  his  plan  of  operation  is  first  to  establish  in  this 
way  communication  with  Scotchmen,  and  settlements  of  Scotchmen  already 
in  Canada,  with  a  view  to  the  promotion  of  emigration  here  from  the  old  land; 
next  to  spend  the  winter  in  Scotland,  promoting  the  object  in  view,  and 
thus  giving  time  for  the  most  complete  preparations  for  emigrants  to  leave 
early  in  the  Spring  for  their  new  homes  in  Canada.  People  here  having  friends 
still  "  at  home,"  whom  they  desire  to  bring  out,  would  do  well  to  coinmunieate 
with  him;  every  commission  of  this  kind  entrusted  to  him  will  be  diligently 
attended  to.  Having  ample  time  for  the  work,  he  intends  to  visit  every  part 
of  the  country,  to  the  Butt  of  Lewis  and  John  O'Groats  House,  and  not  a, 
few  principal  towns  only,  he  will  therefore  be  able  to  attend  to  the  wishes  of 
his  friends,  even  in  the  smallest  detail,  if  connected  with  the  object  of  his 
mission.  With  such  facilities  of  communication  as  he  will  establish,  mat- 
ters may  be  ai-ranged  in  advance,  and  emigrants  may  be  advantageously  placed 
at  once  on  their  arrival,  thus  obviating  most  of  the  difiiculties  which  n,e-w 
comers  have  to  encounter.  Letters  addres.sed  to  him  at  this  ofiice  will  receive 
prompt  attention.  As  he  must  leave  for  Scotland  about  the  latter  end  of  ' 
November,  friends  desirous  of  communicating  with  him,  should  do  so  at  once. 

NICHOLSON  &  COMPANY. 

P-S. — The  same  circumstances  has  operated  to  delay  the  issue  of  "The  Gaelic  Bards," 
but  that  work  is_  now  in  a  forward  state,  and  arrangements  are  being  made  to  commence, 
ts  imblication  immediately,  so  that  we  expect  to  have  the  lirst  parts  in  the  hands  of 
ubscribers  on  or  about  the  first  of  January. 


DOMINION    OF   CANADA 


EMIGIlA.TIOISr 

ro   THB 


To  Capitalists,  Tenant  farmers,  Agricultural  Labourers,  Mechanics,  Day  Labourers,  and  all 
parties  desirous  of  Improviog  ihoir  Circumstances  by  Emigrating  to  a  New  Country. 

The  attention  of  intending  Emigrants  is  invited  to  the  great  advantages  pre- 
sented by  the  Province  of  Ontario.  Persons  living  on  the  Interest  of  their  Money 
can  easily  get  EIGHT  PER  CENT,  on  first-class  security. 

TENANT    FARMERS     WITH     LIMITED    CAPITAL, 

Can  buy  and  stock  a  Freehold  Estat*  with  the  money  needed  to  carry  on  a  small 
farm  in  Britain.  Good  Cleared  Land,  with  a  Dwelling  and  good  Bam  and  out- 
houses upon  it,  can  be  purchased  in  desirable  localities,  at  from  £4  to  £10  sterling 
per  acre. 

Farm  Hands  can  readily  obtain  work  at  GOOD  WAGES. 

Among  the  inducements  offered  to  iateuding  Emigrants,  by  Government,  Is 

A    FREE    GRANT    OF    LAND! 

WITHOUT  ANY  CUAK(5E  WHATEVER. 

Every  Head  of  a  Family  ctn  obtain,  on  comiition  of  settlement,  a  Free  Grant  of 
TWO  HUNDRED  ACRES  of  Land  for  hiiDiielf.  and  ONE  HUNDRED  ACRES 
additional  for  each  member  of  his  family,  male  or  female,  over  18  years  of  age. 

All  peraon.s  over  eighteen  years  of  age  can  obtain  a  Free  Grant  of  ONE  HUN- 
DRED ACRES. 

The  Free  Grants  are  protected  by  a  Homestead  Exemption  Act,  and  are  not 
liable  to  seizure  for  any  debt  incurrcil  before  the  issue  of  the  patent,  or  for  twenty 
years  after  it.s  issue.  They  are  witliin  easy  access  of  the  front  settlements,  and 
are  supplied  with  regular  postal  communication. 

And  of  Improved  Farms  for  sale,  are  kej)t  at  the  Immigration  Agencies  in  the 
Province,  and  arrangements  are  made  fur  directing  immigrants  to  those  points  where 
employment  can  bo  most  readily  obtained.  Several  new  lines  of  Railway  and  other 
Public  Works  are  in  course  of  conslructicm,  cr  about  being  commenced,  which 
will  afford  employment  to  an  almost  unlimited  number  of  labourers. 

Persons  desiring  fulle-r  informa  ion  respecting  the  Province  of  Ontario 

are  invited  t"  a}>ii1y  personally,  or  by  letter,  to  the  Canadian  Government  Emigra- 
tion Ageut<*  in  Europe,  vi?.  :  WM.  LUXuN,  11,  Adam  Street,  Adeljihi,  London, 
WC  •  J.  0.  MOV  LAN.  14  S(.uth  Fre.icrick  St.,  Dublin;  CHARLES  FOY,  11 
Claremont  St.,  iJ-dfast  ;  an.l    DAVID  SHAW,  24  Oswald  St.,  Glasgow. 

Aliio  to  th,-  Iminit'nition  Agfut.'?  in  Canada,  \-i/ :— JOHN  A.  DONALDSON, 
Toronto;  II.  H.  LAE,  Hamilt.m  ;  WM.  J.  WILLS,  Ott;iwa ;  RICHD.  MAC- 
PHEIISON,  KingHtou;  L.  S'l'AKFORI),  Quebec;  J.  J.  DALEY,  Montreal;  E. 
CLAY,  Kalifax,  Nova  Scotia  ;  ROBT  SllIVES,  St.  John,  and  J.  G.  GLAYTON, 
Winimiclu,  New  P.ruuswick, — from  whom  ]>amphlets,  issued  under  the  authority 
of  tho  «;')Vor..riiem  of  Ontario,  contiiiaing  full  parlicul.ars  in  relation  to  the  char- 
w.ti;r  fi::d  reaou/otu  of,  and  the  cost  of  living,  wagos,  &c.,  in  the  Province,  can  bo 
obtalutid. 

JOHN  CAKLHSrO', 

L-  Commi«iomr  o/  Aijriciilture  ami  Public  Works. 

'K'S^    I)BrARrMr,>rr  oy  iMTvno^ATioN,  /or  the  Prouince  q/ Onlario. 


Èì>'K'M         Toronto,  February.  187 L 


^^3sr 


GAIDHEAL. 


I.  Leabh.] 


DAE  A  MIOS  A  GHEAMHRAIDH,  1871. 


[S  Air. 


MU  NA  SEAKN  GHAIDHEIL. 


O  na  nithibli  a  dh'ammieheadh  faodar 
a  thuigsinn  gum  be  an  t-aon  iluagh 
ceudna  a  bha  air  an  ciallachadJi  ]«i*  na 
Romanaicb  nuair  a  Bgriobh  iad  mu  na 
Picti  agus  na  Caledonic  :  oir  nuair  a 
tha  Dion  ag  radii  Caledonaich  riutba 
mu  'n  bhliadhna  230,  agui  Eumenius 
ag  radh  an  ainm  Ficii  riutha  mu  'n 
bhliadbna  296,  clian  'eil  e  cosmhuil  no 
idir  comasach  ann  an  uine  shea  bliadb- 
na  agus  tri  ficbead  (66)  gum  biodh  an 
aluagh  sin  a  cbog  ri  Agricola  aig  a' 
Mhonadh  Gharbh  agus  a  tbug  dulan  do 
armailtibb  nan  Impirean  Romanacb 
Hadrian,  Antoninus  Commodue,  Septi- 
mius  SeveruB  agus  Caracalla  fad  corr 
agus  ceud  bliadbna — air  an  gearradh 
as  gu  b-obunn  no  air  am  fuadacb  as  an 
tir  le  eluagb  ur  a  tbainig  a  stigb  nan 
ait  ris  an  abradb  na  Romanaicb  Picti 
mar  ainn.  Tha  «  eoilleur  gum  b'  iad 
na  seann  Cbaledonaicb  fein  a  bha  ann, 
agus  nacb  robh  ni  ur  earn  bith  'nam 
measg  no  mu  'n  timchioll  acb  an  t-alnm 
nuadh  ud  a  thugadb  orra  o'n  aobhar  a 
cbaidh  airis.  Agus  tha  Eumeniui  a' 
dearbhadh  so  dhuinn  nuair  a  tha  e  ag 
radh  "  Culedonich  agus  Pictich  eile" 
oir  tha  e  a'  ciallachadh  gun  robh  na 
Caledonaich  nam  Pictich  maille  ris  gach 
dream  eile  a  bha  air  am  filleadh  astigh 
fo'n  ainm  ein.  Th*  e  cosmhuil  gum 
b'e  an  t-ainm  leis  an  robh  iad  air  an 
comharradh  a  mach  leis  na  seanchaidh- 
ibh  Eirionnach  "  Cruithnich,"  oir  tha 
iad  ag  radh  gun  robh  a'  chuid  ba  mho 
dhe  Albainn  air  a  h-aiteachadh  Jeis  na 
"  Cruithnich"  agus  air  a  riaghladh  leo. 

Agus  tha  na  WeUhich  ag  radh  "Givyd- 


dyl  Ffichti'  riutha,  «e  sin  Gaidhil  Phic- 
teach,  no  GaidlUlDhaithte,  a  'ciallachadh 
gun  robh  iadsan  a  'tuigsinn  gam  bu 
Ghaidhil  na  Pictich,  ague  a  reir  coelaii 
thug  iad  an  earrann  mu  dheir»ftdh  de 
'n  ainm  o  'n  Laidinn  a  chum  an  dealach- 
adh  o  na  Gaidhil  eile  nach  robh  air  an 
dath. 

Mu  thimchioll  na  bliadhna  SGO  tha 
ainm  nuadh  air  a  thoirt  air  cuid  do  n* 
fineachaibh  Gaclach  ann  an  Ceana 
Tuath  Bhreatuinn.  B'e  an  t-ainm  sin 
"  Scoti,"  agus  is  «  an  t-Eachdraiche 
R«manach,  Ammianus  MarcelUntit,  a* 
cheud  ughdar  leis  am  bheil  an  oluagh 
ud  air  an  ainmeachadh  mar  no.  B'  i 
Eirinn  tir  an  duchais,  agus  tbainig  iad 
a  nail  à  sin  do  thaobh  an  iar  na  h-Alba 
ann  an  Earraghael,  a  chuideachadh  le 
'm  braithribh,  na  Gaidhil  Albannach 
anns  a'  chogadh  ris  na  Romanaich  mu 
'n  bhliadhna  363,  ri  linn  nan  Impiretoi 
lulian  agus  lomuii,.  Agus  a  reir  cos- 
lais  dh'  fhuirich  cuid  diubh  ann  an 
Erraghael  far  an  d'  fhuair  iad  tuin- 
eachas  am  measg  nan  Gael,  an  uair  a 
phill  a'  chuid  eile  dhiubh  dhachaidh  do 
Eirinn  an  deigh  a'  chogaidh  ;  oir  th» 
Gildas,  seann  eachdraiche  Breatunnach. 
a  sgriobh  mu'n  bhliadhna  550,  ag  radh 
gun  "  do  phill  na  Cnachadairean  lor 
duma  Eirionnach  dhachaidh."  AguB 
tha  Isidore  a  sgriobh  mu'n  bhliadhna 
600  a'  dearbhadh  gum  b'e  Eirinn  fear- 
ann  duchais  nan  "  Scoti"  oir  tha  e  ag 
radh  "  Scotia,  eadem  et  Hibernia,"  &c. 
Se  ein  an  Gailig,  "  Scotia  an  aon  tir 
cheudna  ri  Hibernia,  agus  fhuair  i  an 
t-ainm  so  do  bhrigh  gu  bheil  i  air  a 
h-aiteachadh  le  fineachaibh  nan  'Scoti,'" 
chan  'eil  e  soilleur  cia  bhuaithe  thainig 
an  t-ainm  so ;  tha  cuid  ag  radh  gur 


48 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


li-ann  on  fliaoal  "  Scuite''  a  thainig  e, 
a  tlia  ciallachsilh  8»'  Ghailig  Eirionu- 
aicli,  "  N»  B'alblianaich  no  siuMilau- 
aicli,  no  na  Fii*<lanaicli."  Tha  cuid 
fiile  ag  radh  gun  d'  eirich  e  blio  'n  fbacal 
Sgaoth  agua  gun  abairteadh  Sgdothnich 
riùthft  do  bhrigh  gun  robh  iad  a  falbh 
còmìilatb  mar  S'jai>th  bhaachan.  No 
faodaidh  gun  d'  thainig  «  o'n  fhacjvl 
"sjlot"  a  tha  oiallachadh  sgap,  agua 
gun  abairteadh  '' i>giof.!iirh''  riutha  a 
chionii  gun  robh  iad  air  :ui  sgiotadh  no 
air  an  sgapadh  thall  '»  a  bhos.  Ach 
ciaraar  aam  bitb  a  t'huair  iad  an  t-ainni 
so  tba  9  soilleur  gum  bu  Ghaidbil  iad 
agus  gvim  b'i  Eirinn  tir  an  duchais  ; 
agus  iiach  robh  dealachadb  sam  bith 
eadar  iad  i'ein  agus  '•  tm  Ficti,"  ach  'an 
dealachadb  oeudna  a  tba  an  diugb  ri 
fhaicinn  eadar  na  Gaidhil  Elrionuach 
agu9  na  Gaidbil  Albaiunach.  Agus  tba 
Adhanibnan  asgriobh  lieath-eaclidraidh 
Chalum-chill©  a'  nocbdadh  so  gu  soil- 
leur nuair  a  ta  e  ag  radh  gun  d'  thainig 
Calum-Cille  à  Scotia  do  Bhreatunn,  se 
■in  a  Eirinn  gu  taobh  tuath  na  h- 
Alba.  Tha  an  t-Eacbdraiche  Bedf.  mar 
an  ceudna  a'  daingneachadh  an  ni  so  ; 
oir  tba  e  ag  radh  "Si  Eirinn  gu  h-araidh 
Duthaich  nan  Scoti,"  fjeabh.  I.  Caib.  1. 
Mu  'n  bhliadhna  506,  thainig  tri 
Buidbnichean  de  na  "  Scoti"  a  nail  a 
Eirinn  fo  thri  cheannardaibh  agus 
jhabh  iad  conihnuidh  ann  an  Earragh- 
ael.  IViad  na  Ciun-fheadhna  ud  Fear- 
ghu9,  Aonghus  agus  Lathurna.  Ghabh 
Fearghus  sealbh  air  Cinntire,  ghlac 
Aonghus  Eilean  He,  agus  rinn  l/athur- 
na  "reim  air  an  fhearann  sin  a  dh' 
ainmicheadh  Lathurna  as  a  dheigh  fein. 
Chaidh  Fearghus  a  chrunadh  na  Righ 
air  na  "  Scott'  agua  is  auu  uaithe-san 
a  thainig  a  nuas  teaghlach  rioghail  na 
h-Alba  anna  na  linnibh  an  deigh  sin. 
(Ei  leantuinn.)         D.    15.    B. 

Chii'ii  uriainn  mi  ulag  ithe  'n  an  teiiu- 
'Snt'idi'adh. 

C(  mhf  hurtachd  an  duine  dhona,  duin'  tile 
•o  doiift  lis  fell). 


OISEIN  :    A  <  LINN    AGUS  A 
P.HARDACHD. 

(air    a     Li:ANTriXX.) 

Tha  barantas  'us  deavbh-bheachd 
againn  gun  robli  bho  aimsir  fad  air 
cliùl  Inchd-stiuraidh  'us  riaghluidh 
thairis  air  na  Gaidlieil,  da  'n  robh  iad  a» 
geilleafhduinn  le  niòr  iriosalachd  'us 
urram.  B'  iad  so  na  Druidhean.  Bha. 
iad  foghluimte  ann  an  scadh  ard :  bha 
iad  tileanta  ann  am  feallsanachd  agus 
coinharridchtp  airson  an  dealas  'us  an 
duraclid  leis  an  robh  iad  a'  cur  an 
gnioiiili  na  seirbhis  a  bhuineadh  doibh. 
Cosmhuil  re  moran  de  sheana  chinnich 
na  talmhainn,  cha  b'  fhiii  Ico  am 
beachdan  no  an  riaghailtean  a  sgriob- 
adh.  Is  ann  air  chuimhne  abba  gach- 
foghluin  'us  sgil  'us  ealdhainn  air  an 
gleidlieadli  'nam  measg,  air  chor  's  gun 
gabhadh  na  h-oigfliir,  a  dh'  fhaodadh 
na  Druidhoan  a  roghnuchadh  air  sgatli 
an  tapaidh,  's  an  eireachdais,  fichead- 
bliadhna  nurn  ionnsuiclieadh  iad  tea- 
gasgan  nan  Druidhean  nile.  Is  è  cuis 
bhronach,  mhuladach  a  tha  an  so  nach 
d'fhag  d;;oine,  aig  an  robh  ughdaras 
CO  mor  agus  tighearnas  co  farsuing,  am 
beachdan  agus  an  cleachduinuean  aos- 
mhor  fein  ann  an  sgriobhadii.  a  chum 
's  gu'ii  tairgneadh  naginealaich  a  thain- 
ig 'nan  deigh,  maith  'us  bu  annachd 
uatha ;  agus.  mar  an  ceudnt-,  gum 
bitheadh  è  comasach  dhuinn  ceannnrdan 
nan  Gaidheal  ann  an  samhchair  na 
slth.  agus  an  conihairleachan  ann  an 
comhraig  nan  geur  lann,  a  niheas  le 
solus  grianach  am  briathran  fein.  Is 
ann  blio'n  bhuidheann  chumhachdacli  so 
a  fhuair  sinn  na  facail:  "  Bliadhna, 
Bealtuinn,  Samhuinn,  Citein  ;"  agus 
tha  mi  saoiLsinn  gu'm  bheil  FlalJiimtis. 
no  Jiinis  iiaia  FlatJi,  agus  /  na  freoirie^ 
(Ifrionn)  no  I  nam  fuarfhonn  a  ruigh- 
eachd  air  an  ais  gu  linn  nan  Druidhean. 

Bha  dream  eile  ann  a  bha  comhar- 
raichte  'am  measg  nan  Gaidheal  le  onoir 
'us  spt'is,  'us  moasalaohd.  B'  iad  so  na 
Baird.  Bha  iad  na  b'  isle  ann  an  inbhe 
na    na   Druidhean,     gidheadh    bha   'n 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


49 


dreuchd  a  bha  iad  a'  lionadh,  urramach, 
air  chor  's  gun  robh  clann  nan  treun- 
laoich,  's  nan  sar  ghaisgeach  's  nan 
ceannarclan  air  am  faotainii  gu  minic 
'a  uieasg  nam  filidheau  urlablirac)), 
ard  chainnteach,  cheoluihor  Ghaidh- 
ealach.  Dh'  fhimiridli  na  Baird  orain 
fhada  'us  (lain  inolaidli  an  sinnsearan 
fein  ionn.suchadli  gu  jjongail,  mionaid- 
each.  Thigeadh  è  dhoibh  a  bhi  min- 
eolach  air  gacU  buaidh  a  thug  agus 
gach  eucud  a  rinn,  seoid  aiumeal  an 
cinnich  fein  anns  na  laithean  a  dh'  aom, 
a  chum  's  gum  bitheadh  iad  comasach 
air  feachd  an  dutcha  a  bhrosnuchadh 
agus  a  mliisneachadh  ann  an  glas- 
chiabhan  a  bhlair  agus  ann  an  spairn 
nan  sleagh.  Bha  na  Baird  de  gnath  a' 
cumail  cuideachd  ris  na  Gaidheal  ann 
an  tiuscan  ciar  a'  chomhruig,  agus  a' 
doirteadh  treoir  us  treubhantas  'nan 
cridheachan  le  bhi  'seinn  ann  an  rann- 
an  taitneach  gr'inn,  gniomljaran  mora 
nan  laoch  a  dh'  fhalbh.  Chi  sinn,  mar 
so,  nacli  b'  ann  gun  aobhar  sonruichte 
a  bha  Bardaclul  a'  sealbhachadh  staid 
CO  proiseil,  statail  'am  measg  nan  seana 
Gaidheal.  Cha  robh  meadhon  eile  ann 
trid  am  faodadh  an  sluagh  eolas  fhao- 
tainn  air  deanadais  euchdach,thuilleach 
nam  bliadhnachan  a  dh'eiig  ;  agus 
cha'n  ioghnadh  ged  a  mhothuchaidh 
gach  sonn  'us  curaidli  anam  fein  a' 
blaitheachadh  le  eud  'us  cruadal,an  uair 
a  bha  fuaim  nan  oran  a'  gleidheadh 
companais  riu  agus  iad  ag  intreachdu- 
inn  ann  an  Cath  nan  treun.  Bha  fos, 
iarrtuis  mòr  'an  measg  nam  Bard  le  bhi 
dichiollach,  deothasach,  ionad  measail 
a  chosnadh  'am  measg  nan  Druidhean 
abha  fadaos  an  ceann  fein  ann  an  cumh- 
achd.  Dh'  iraich  an  da  chuideachd 
cheanalta.  charthannach — na  Druidhean 
agus  na  Baird  iomadh  linn  ann  an 
cairdeas  dluth,  's  ann  an  daimh  laidir 
le  cheile  ;  agus,  gini  teagamh,  feudaidh 
sinn  achreidsinn  nach  robh  na  h-uairean 
anaminic  anns  am  fac  iad  sgiath  'us 
sleagh  'uH  clogaid  'us  cruaidh  'us  taifeid 
iuthair  a'  beumadh,  a'  bristeadh  's  a' 
ruitli  ga  siubhlach  air  machair,  's  faiche 


an  air.  Thainig  fadheoidh  crioch  air 
an  dluiL-v.iijrua,dh  so  :  Sgaoileadh  na 
ceanglaichean  graidh  a  chum  naDruidh- 
ean  agus  na  Baird  ann  an  aouachd  co 
fior  agus  CO  fada  ann  an  AUiainn  as  a 
cheile  air  a  mhodh  so  : 

Bhuinneadh  è  do  na  Druidhean 
ceannard  no  ceannfeadhna  a  thaghadh 
a  chum's  gun  treoruicheadh  è  armailtan 
dutcha  gu  cogadh  a  chur  ann  an  aghaidh 
an  naimhdean.  B'e  ainm  an  duine  a 
bha  air  a  roghnuchadh  air  an  doigh  so: 
Vergobretus  no  "  Fear  gu  bi-eith."  Tha 
è  air  innseadh  dhuinn  gu'n  deachaidh 
Tràthal,  sar  cheannard  nan  saoi,  agus 
seanair  Fhionnghail,  righ  Mhoirbheinn 
nan  gleann,  a  chur  air  leth  leis  na 
Druidhean  a  chum  feachd  nan  Gaidh- 
eal a  threoirachadh  anns  a'  chomhraig 
gharbh  a  chuir  iad  an  aghiidh  nan 
Romanach,  siol  nan  coigreach.  An 
deigh  do  mhac  Threunmhoir  nan  tor 
runn  ard,  ruaig  a  chur  air  naimhdean 
nan  Gaidheal  's  na  Feinne,  dhiult  è  a 
chumhachd  a  threigsinn  air  iarrtui . 
nan  Druidhean  uaibhreach.  Rinn 
iadsan  oidheirp  laidir  air  a  chumhachd 
a  bha  aca  re  linnteai^  co  lionndior  ais^ 
air  ais  ;  ach  sheas  Trathal,  b'  fhuaimeai 
beum  air  sliabh  nam  blar,  gu  dalm.a 
dulanach  nan  aghaidh.  Cliaill  na 
Druidhean  coir  mar  so  air  seasainii  ann 
an  tir  's  an  comhairle  nan  Gaidheal, 
agas  ghabh  iad  comhnuifui  'an  cos  nan 
creag  's  'an  ionadan  foluichte  na  dutcha. 
Cha  robh  am  beusan  fann  no  faoin, 
no'n  cumhachd  failleasach  'an  carraicl 
nan  sgiath,  's  air  sliabh  nan  cruach. 
"  Bi  gu  sugach,  geaninuidh,  mochair- 
each ;"  "  thoir  umhlachtl  'us  aoradhdo' 
Dhia;"  "Cum  thu  fein  o  olc  's  o  cheilg  ;" 
'•  bi  gaisgeil  mileanta,  curanta  ann  an 
cath  nan  lann  ;"  "  bitheadh  d'  anam 
'an  spionnadh  le  solas  'nuair  dh-eireas 
a'  chouihstri  mun  cuairt :"— b'  iad  so 
teagasgan  araidh  nan  Druidhean.  Tha 
cromleac,  clachan  sleuchdaidh,  clachan 
brath  'us  cuirn,  fathast  a'  toirt  laithean 
nan  Druidhean  a  nail ;  ach  tha  cluarain 
a'  gluasad  fo  ghaoith  mu  thiomchioU 
nan  aitean  coinneamh  aosda  :  tha  coin- 


50 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


ne:icli  ;i'  comhdiicliadh  nan  earn,  'us  a' 
caoiucaith  ann  an  Talla  nan  Druidliean, 
Dh  flialbh  iad  fein  's  gach  euclid  a  linn 
iad. 

Tliog  na  Baird  re  ioniadh  linn  na 
dlieigh  so,  giith  le  binneas  tlieud  agus 
sheinn  iad  ceol  uasal  nan  caoin  dlian. 
Thainig  clarwiich  g\i  minio  a  niias  on 
bballa  an  nan  Cona  nan  sian,  iigus  le 
'gutbaibb  sbfiillsicb  i  gu  gnul  na  db' 
fbalbb,  a'  togail  sauibla  nan  laocb  nacb 
robb  lag  air  cbiar  am  a  cbaidb  fada 
null.  Gcd  (Ibealuicb  na  Dniidbean 
agus  na  Baird,  cba  do  lugbdaifb  so 
meas  'us  muivn  nan  lilidbean. 

{Gtc  hhi  air  a  leaniuhnt.) 

Cona. 

NAIDHEACHDAN. 

8e  ceisd  cbumanda  am  nieasg  nan 
Gaidheal,  gu  h-araidb,  an  Alba  ;  "  t'ia 
mar  tba  'm  barV  Cba  'n  eil  a  cbeisd 
sin  ga  cur  cbo  cuinanda  's  an  dutbaicb 
BO,  tba  sinn  a  smuaineacbadb  do  brigb 
's  gu  ';n  bbcil  am  barr  daonan  gu  matb 
agus  pailt.  Ma  tbacbras  air  uairean 
gu  'm  bi  seorsa^ban  dbeitb  nacb  bi 
cho  matb,  bitbidb  an  conaidb  jjailteas 
de  ni  eigin  air  dboigb  agus  nacb  bi 
cunnart  acras  f  bulang — an  ni  a  tba  sinn 
a  creidBÌnn  a  db'  aobbaraicb  a  cbeisd 
80  CO  cumwnta  '3  an  t-sejinn  dutbaicb. 
Se  'b  doch  iad  fbaoiglmeacbd  's  an  dutb- 
aicb so,  *•  Cia  mar  a  tba  na  Gritt  no 
Iain  A.  agus /am  Sandfield  a  faighinn 
air  adharti"  no  "  Ciod  au  colfis  n  tliH 
air  an  fliear  ud  agus  air  an  fbear  ud 
eile  faigbiiin  a  steacb  do  'n  Pbarlamaid 
aig  an  atb  am  tionail ;  agus  ciod  e 
barail  nam  paipeirean  naigbeacbd  mu 
gacb  cuis,"  &c.,  àc.  Cba  'n  eil  an 
dutbaicb  so  an  earl^sa  ri  aon  seorsa  de 
bban*,  cbo  mor  's  a  tba  'n  t-seann  dutb- 
aicb ;  uguB  cba  'n  eil  neart  de  na  tuatb- 
anaich  fo  nibàl.  Ma  tbeid  am  buntata 
air  ais,  bitbidb  pailteas  cruitbneacbd, 
coirc  no  eorna  aca.  Uime  sin  cba  bbi 
iargainn  mu  'n  cbuis.  Tba  nise  barr 
na  bliadbna  so  air  a  tbional  agus  a 
cbuid  mhor  dbeitb  air  a  bbualadb,  air 


feadli  Cbanada  ;  agus  's  fbada  bbo  nacb 
robb  e  na  b'  fliearr.  Cba  mbor  gu  'n 
Tirrainu  duinn  seorsa  ainmeacbadb  na's 
fbearr  na  seorsa  eile.  Tba  'm  buntata 
gu  b-ai-aidb  anbarracb  matb  agus  pailt, 
agus  faodaidb  sinn  an  ni  ceudna  a  radb 
mu  'u  cbruitbneacbd,  eorn'  agus  cboirc. 

Tba  'n  Geauibradb  a  nis  air  tigbinn 
a  steacb  gu  matb  ;  acb  tba  side  bbri- 
agha,  tbioram,  sbeasgair  agaiun  fbatb- 
asd  an  (".-inada,  cba  cbuala  sinn  acb  gle 
bbeag  de  sbne.icbda  a  bbi  air  tuitoam 
an  aite  's  am  bitb  de  'n  dutbaicb. 

Cba  'n  eil  sinn  a  cluintmn  naidh- 
eachd  araidb  's  am  bitb  bbo  'n  Gbaidh- 
ealtacbd,  bbo  cbeann  gboirid  ;  tba  'm 
barr  agus  an  t-iasgacb  air  tionndadb  a 
macb  cbo  matb,  mur  eil  na's  fbearr  na 
'n  abbai.st. 

Air  an  t-seacbdamh  latba  de  'n  mbios 
80  cbaidbe,  bba  teine  xiambasacb  ann 
am  baile  mor  Cbicago,  's  na  Staidean, 
leis  an  deacbaidb  earanu  mhor  de  'n 
bbaile  sin  a  mbilleadb,  agus  call  mor  a 
dbeanarab  air  cuid  agus  beatha  dbaoine. 
Leis  an  ùpraid  a  bha  na  lorg,  tba  e 
duilicb  cunntas  cinnteach  fbaigbinn  air 
aireamb  nan  daoine  a  cbaidb  a  dbith 
leis  an  teine  bo, — tba  cuid  ga  aireamh 
mu  'n  cuairt  air  mila  anam.  Acb  tba 
cunntas  ciunteacb  againn  gu  'n  deacb- 
aidb, mu  cbeud  mile  pearsa  fliagail  gun 
taigb  gun  flia.sgadb.  Tba  moran  airgid 
air  a  cbur  cruinn  s'  gacb  cearna,  air  son 
cobbair  leis  na  daoine  bocbd  a  cbaill  an 
cuid  's  ail  dacbaidb  leis  an  teine  eagal- 
lacb  so;  agus  tlia  F,r.in  aa  ducbàt;  uime 
Bin  nacb  bi  moran  fulaing  nam  measg. 
Tba  cunntas  againn  gu  'm  bbeil  an 
sluagb  mar  a  tba  gu  sgairteil  air  toise- 
acbadb  ri  togail  a  bbaile  as  ilr. 

Tba  'm  baile  mor  beartacb  so,  a  leig- 
eadb  ris  dbuinn  cia  mai  a  tba  'n  sluagh 
agus  an  dutbaicb  a  tigbinn  air  an  adb- 
art,  air  an  taobb  so  de  'n  fbairge.  Cba 
'n  eil  acb  nm  'u  cuairt  air  da-fbicbead 
bliadbna  bbo  'n  bba  choille  a  fas  gu 
reacbdmbor  na  larack  agus  gun  a 
tuineadb  ann  acb  Innseanaicb  agus 
beatbaicbeau  fiadbaich.  Aig  an  am  a 
cbaidb    a  losgadb  bba  e  moran  na  bu 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


51 


niotha  na  Dun-eideann,  le  corr  a's  tri- 
cbeud  mile  a  sliluaigh  a  tuineadh  ann, 
agus  gacii  malairt  agus  obair  a  dol  air 
adhaifc  da  reir. 

Bha  iiiar  an  ceudna  rnoran  theintean 
an  aiteaclian  eile  air  feadh  nan  Staidean 
air  a  mhio.s  a  chaidh  seachad,  a  rinn 
call  mor  air  beatlia  agus  cuid  dhaoine. 
Se  'n  tiormachd  neo-cbumanta  a  bha 
air  feadk  na  duthcha,  gu  h-araidh  na 
Staidean  an  lar  air  an  Flioghar  so,  a 
reir  coltais,  a  b'  aobhar  air  a  cbuid 
mhor  do  na  teintean  so. 

Tha  moran  bruidliinn  aig  an  am  so 
mu  aonacliadh  a  blii  air  a  dheanamh 
eadar  Eaglaisean  Clèireach  Chanada, 
— an  ni  a  tlia  sinne  a  faicinn  ro  iom- 
chuidh  a  blii  air  a  dheanamh  ;  oir  cha 
'n  eil  eaglais  shuidhichte  's  am  bith  an 
Canada  a  nise ;  agus  tha  gach  eaglais  a 
th'  ann  sa»r.  A  thuilleadh  air  sin 
bhiodh  an  t-aonachadh  so  feuDiail,  aguB 
freagarrach  air  iomadh  doigh  nach 
urrainn,  sinn  an  bo  ainmeachadh.  Bha 
Cleir  na  Eaglais  Saoire  cruinn  'b  a 
bhaile  so  air  toiseach  a  mhios,  agus  leis 
a  cho-dhnnadh  gu  's  an  d'  thainig  iad, 
cha  'n  eil  teagamh  againn  nach  tig  an 
gnothaich  mu  'n  cuairt  mar  bu  choir  an 
uine  ghoirid. 

Tha  Parlamaid  Chuibec  air  cruin- 
neachadh,  agus  tha  Iain  Sandfield  agus 
a  chairdean  gu  coin])(»»chadh  a  cheile  an 
Canads,  uachdrach  air  an  t-soachdamh 
latha  de  'u  ath  mhios, — tha  cuid  a 
gradh  nacli  bi  uiread  de  chairdean 
aige  'b  .1  tha  e  'n  duil, — ach  "  g©  be  'a 
fhaida  a  l)hith«as  beo  s'  e  's  motha 
chi-" 

Bha  moran  gainne  air  feadh  na 
duthcha  a  thaobh  luchd  oibreach  air  a 
bhliana  so — gu  h-araidh  luchd-oibreach 
fearainn  agus  roidean-iarainn,  agus  sear 
bhantan  taighe.  Bha  aon  duine  (Mr, 
Willis)  a  tha  aealtuinn  as  deigh  gno- 
thuicboan  luchd  iomruich  an  Ottawa 
ag'  innseadh  dhuinn  gu  'm  b'  urrainn 
easan  aiteacban  cosnaidh  ague  tuarasdal 
math  fhaigbinn  do  cbòr  agus  mile. 
Tha  seirbbesich  a  faighinn  bho  dbeich 


gu  fich«ad  dolar  anns  a  mhios  agus  am 
bord,  a  reir  an  sgil  a  bhios  aca  ail' 
obair  ;  .t,.;.:;-;  vlia  searl»hantan  taighe 
air  an  doigh  cheudna  a  faighinn  bho 
cheithir  gu  deich  dolar  anns  a  aahios. 


DUN  BHRUSGRIGH  AGUS  IAIN 

II.  EARANN. 

Tha  na  leanaB  air  tigbinn  eadar  Iain 
agus  an  Dun  cuig  bliadbna  deug  au 
deigh  a  obo-labhairt  ran  dheireadh  a 
bha  eatorva,  agus  Iain  air  falbh  ann  'n 
Canada  : 

ARS  IAIN. 
"Mo  mhile  faiito  ort  Dliuin  Bhnisgraigh, 
'S  an  thugad  tha  m'  aigne  ag'  eirigh, 
Le  d'  x-iomhail  uaine  co  lusrach, 
Gu  cruinn  uchJach  le  'm  feuraibh  ; 
Tha  do  chreagan  cas  gorm-bhan, 
Gu  corrach  fo'rmeil,  gu  'n  bheud  oirr', 
A  cuniail  dion  ort  mu  d'  aodann, 
'S  cha  dean  aois  moran  meirg  ort. 

No  siontan  bras. 

Tha  cuig  bliadhna  deug  air  dol  seachad, 
'0  'n  rinn  mi  tagal  mu  d'  chorsan, 
Thug  thu  sgeul  dhomh  mu'u  ghlanuau, 
Mu  'n  tuath  's  mu  dhachaidh  m'  oige  ; 
Mu  dhaoine  mi  runach  Gallta, 
Nach  tuig  ar  cainnt  no  ar  comhradh, 
'S  mu  'n  eilean  Ileach  's  mu  'm  chairdean, 
Do  'm  b'  aunsa  ghnath  bhi  'n  comhnuidh, 
A  measg  nan  glac." 

AN  DUN. 
"Ciod  K  so  a  tha  mi  cluinntrnn, 
No  ciod  e  chaiunt  tha  'm  chluasan  ? 
Gu  ciunt'  cha  'n  'eil  mi  'm  chadal, 
Le  srann  again  's  mi  bruadar  ; 
Air  leam  gu  'n  cuala  mi  'n  guth  so 
Gu  trie  a  muigli  air  mo  ghuaillibn, 
Ach  easan  rinn  e  ar  fagail, 
'S  tliar  'u  t-saile  mhoir  ghluais  e. 
Gu  tir  Chuibec. 

An  tbusu  Iain  nan  cluanach, 
A  'a  trie  thug  fuaim  air  mo  chreagan, 
Le  d'  phiob  mhoir  air  do  ghualainn, 
Toirt  sgalan  cruaidh  as  »  u  f  headan  ? 
Ma  's  thu  cha  'n  aithne  dhomh  t-aogajg 
Tha  'n  ad'  mhaol  sin  gad'  chleith  orm, 
'S  dosan  buis  mu  d'  Hb'  uachdrach, 
A  falach  snuadh  do  dheud  shnaighte. 
Mar  earball  cait. 

Tha  do  chota  beag  cutach 

A  cumail  cruit  ort  mu  d'  ghuaiUibh 


52 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


Agiis  Imogdise.'in  I'unihann. 

Le  Baiui  ga  'u  <-ui)wil  mu  d'  .hinachnin  : 

Mo  mliili^  failti;  orl  "o  m'  chridln-. 

A  'ni  blicil  do  iiilnsii.iiih  gnu  ii.lmcfidh  ? 

Iniiili  "uiiin  ihii  tu  lain, 

'Bhuil  d.)  .shlniiite  gun  l.hristeadh 

Mac  mo  chridhc  'l.lia  stuamail, 

•0  n"  dh"  Ihag  thu'do  dl.iithaioh  ; 

Mar  eil  eaaii  air  aoniadh, 

Imiis  dliomh  's  na  dean  cciltinn, 

Gu  clcaelidan  I'aoiii  's  air  fas  uailihrfuch, 

Oir  tha  mi  luantuiiin  mo  ruin  dhuit. 

Mar  UPaoh  gii  'n  ratli.'" 

'S  fbada  a  fcitlu-amli  ri  (f  sj^'cul  mi 

Mu'ti  tir  (.•liciii  sill  tlia  cliiiitracli, 

IAIN. 

Do  'n  ghaidi  thu  tlactd. 

"  A  righ  gur  borlul  Umiii  mar  tliarhaii-, 

iAIN. 

'N  am  tighinii  f;igaRg  's  mi  Karaifhtf, 
'Bheil  tliusii  a  Dlmiu  a  cur  cùl  riiiiii, 

"  Tha  mi  sliln  gu  'ii  diar  eear  onn. 

O  'n  dli'  Oiagnii  'ii  'lutliaicli  '«  mo  iliairdiMi 
O  !  's  iomadh  oiclie  'bha  mi  liruadar, 
An  crioc-liaibh  fuar  na  coill  arda, 
Gu  'u  rol>li  mi  cli-asachd  niu  d'  ghlacaibli, 

"S  111,1  '."lirialu'  a  plosgairt  mar  b'  abliaisl. 
Ked'.dnvaganglas." 

AN  DUN. 

"  Fhir  mo  ghraidh  gabli  mo  b-ithsgcul, 
Na  gabh  sprcisg  'chuireas  nairo  orm, 
Ged  a  blia  mi  ri  gyadas, 
Mud  ad,  mud  aodaun  'b  mud  i'hiasaig  ; 
Naeh  ioiuad  uair  aim  am  chabhaig, 
Thug  mi  sgaill<^ag  <lo  'm  laimh  dliuit, 
Ach  an  sin  bha  iliu  d'  bliallach, 
Gun  mhiKjim,  gun  siiagloinn,  gun  bluciiriisgai; 
'rf  do  nadur  math. 

Ach  ma  tha  thu  air  tionudadh. 
Mar  a  mliuinntir  tha  straiceil, 
Nach  fhiu  leo  comhairl'  no  barail, 
A  ghabhail  ceait  'o  an  cairdean  ; 
Cha  'n  ioghnadh  loam  e  ri  aithris, 
Gu  'm  lih«l  garraii'h  's  an  aite  sin, 
Nach  d'  Ihuair  teagasg  nan  oigi', 
Ma  's  iior  na  sgyoil  thig  gaoh  tiatli,  oirun, 
A  nail  le  Post." 

IAIN. 

"  Cha  'n  eil  mi  aoii  chuid  am  ghuirach, 

No  tionndaicht'  thaiiis  am  tlirail  dhuibh  ; 

Mar  's  fiosrairh  gu  math  dhuit, 

Cha  b'  e  chlcachd  mi  'o  m'  nihathair, 

Gc'd  tha  moral!  's  an  tir  ud, 

Nach  dean  sLiiochdadh  do  'n  aithiie, 

Cha  do  Icig  mi  air  dichuimhn'. 

An  teagaisg  fhior  fhuair  mi  lamh  riut, 

'8  mi  'm  mhagran  beag." 

AN  DUN,- 

"  'a  anil  If  am  's  toilliclite  ra  I'haicinn, 
Gu  "m  bheil  do  chlcaclidadh  mar  b'  abhaist, 
Ged  tha  il'  aogusg  a  clciili  orni, 
Gu  'm  blicil  cneasdachd  a'  d  nadur  ; 
A  nis  on  thiiig  sinn  a  cheile, 
Tionndiiidh  fcin,  's  taghail  lamh  rium, 
S  cha  ghair'  mi  tuilleadh  mu  il'  ada', 
Mu  d'  chota  goirid  's  mu  d'  fliin.iaig, 
On  am  bo  mach. 


'()  na  dir  fliag  mi  mo  dlinthaicii, 
Ach  bha  dciichaiiiiican  Uitheil, 
A  cur  ]ihvamh  aii  mo  gliiiui«-.sa  ; 
Cliaochail  'm  athair  's  mo  mhathoir 
'S  cliaidh  an  caiiiinh  i'o'ii  uir  'uam 
An  Cill-a-Ifudha  nan  tolnian, 
Measg  na  marbli  nach  dean  dusgadh, 
God  ni  mi  gal." 

AN   DUN. 

"  Tha  mi  I'aiciun  gu  iior-ghlan, 
Measg  gach  tir  agus  caiiain 
Gu  'm  bheil  trioblaid  a  stri  riu", 
Co  dhiu'  's  iosal  no  aird  iad  ; 
'S  ma  tha  mi  faotainii  na  lirinn, 
Tha  'u  tir  sin  Iniileach  nfo-shiainteil, 
Le  cuilag  's  tiabhrus  tha  oillteil, 
A  cumail  .sgoinn  agus  anradh, 

Air  euid  dll  so." 

IAIN. 
"  Co,  fad  's  a's  beo  an  cinne-daona, 
Co  fad  Vs  a  tha  aog  aims  a  nadur, 
Na  measg  bith  trioblaid  ra  fhaotaino, 
A  chionn  tha  'n  t-aobhar  a  glinath  leo ; 
Tha  cuid  do  dhaoiiie  gu  spldeil, 
A  cur  sios  air  an  aite  ud, 
A  chionn  tha  aineolas  iuntinn, 
Gu  rò  clùnnteach  ga  'n  oaradh 

Air  staidh  neo-choart. 

Cha  'n  eil  fiabhrus  no  critheacli, 
A  cur  tiomachd  no  ciis  oiriin  ; 
'S  ged  bhiodh  so  an  car  tiotaidh, 
Cha  'n  eil  innealK  l:d  bius  ,wi.i  ; 
Tha  cuideaclnl  oigeil  's  seannta 
Ma  ri  leaubailih  ri  niagran 
Cur  moran  bhliadhnachan  senchad, 
Gu'n  chiith,  gu'u  chasad,  gu'n  sga'n'eaoh. 
Gun  ti micas  l)riw. 

Na  toir  fearl  air  gach  gMrranli, 
A  bhios  ri  gulag  's  ri  draniidan, 
Mu  gach  beithcach  's  cuileag, 
A.  tharruingcas  fuil  no  ni  sr^nntan  ; 
Ch  'n  fheum  sinn  cumhachd  nan  ul»j. 
No  eailleach  bhuitseach  lis  aingidh, 
A  chum  ar  teariuulh  'o  'in  buillram. 
No  'n  gob  guiuneach  tha  ainmeil, 
Air  jiiocadh  goirt. 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


53 


Th«  'n  tir  ud  math  as,'U8  falainn, 
Tha  'n  tir  ua  dachaidh  do  'n  Ghaidhea], 
'S  math  dhoibh  fheiii  mar  a  thachair, 
Ged  bha  carraid  car  trath  orra  : 
Fhuair  iad  dai:haidh  's  a  choille, 
Le  'n  tuaigh  chaiilh  taigh  rhur  'n  aird'  leo, 
'S  shuidh  iad  sios  mar  theajjhlaich, 
Fo  fhàileas  chraobh  nan  dos  arda', 
Tha  aun  gn  pailt. 

Ged  tha  'n  obair  car  trom  oirre, 
'S  ann  le  fonn  theid  iad  uime, 
JVIac-talla  'm  breislich  's  gach  torn  leo, 
Ga  fhregairt  loni  lei.s  gach  buile  ; 
Tha  fanim  faobhar  an  tuaigliean. 
Mar  thronipaid  bhuadliach  cur  thuige, 
Gil  'm  bheiL  fasach  nan  cual  chrann. 
Air  toirt  suas  do  gach  duine, 
Ni  iniitc  stad. 

Tha  'u  euulaidh  fhiadhaich  air  moagladh, 

Bha  gnath  gu  socair  le  'ii  seorsa, 

Na  daoine  niadha  ri  c.snaieh 

A  euniail  iois  air  na  squa-ibk  ; 

Tha  'n  eili'l  luith  le  ^eur  chuiunean, 

'S  math-ghanihainn  dubh  le  a  spogau, 

Uile  tiainhach  gu'n  faras, 

Air  faiciun  duine  's  na  corsan, 

Le  cranu  'a  le  beart. 

Tha  daimh  le  cuing  tbar  'ni  muineil 
'S  fear  guthach  laiinh  riutha  a  glaodhaich 
'  Come,  jet :  ham,'  agus  tuilleadh 
Nacli  dean  mi  thuigsinn  mi  ri  'ru  shaoghal 
Tha  tcine  laidir  dubh,  lasrach, 
A  Insgadh  gi-ad  saiann  chraobhan, 
'S  Gach  fear  's  aodann  's  an  deataich, 
Le  talks  bras  air  gach  taobh  dheith 
'S  e  paiteach  teith. 

ladsan  uile  a  tha  falainn, 
Ged  bliios  beagan  na  'm  poca, 
Ladsan  uile  a  tha  sgairteil, 
Gu  'n  leisg  ag'  agaiit  a  choir  oirre  ; 
Ladsan  uile  tha  ri  saothair, 
Le  maoir  's  madai  ih  ga  'n  toireachJ, 
Na  biodh  eagal  no  cas  oirre 
Gu  iomeachd  trath  do  'n  tir  mhor  ud, 
Le  inntinn  cheart. 

B'  fhearr  gu  'n  robh  gach  fear  teaghlaich. 
Th  I  criornadh  raoin  aims  a  Ghaidiiealtachd, 
Fo  chuibhraach  's  chuilbheartaii  dhaoiue, 
Do  'n  (iia  'n  caoirich  's  'n  spreidh  ac'  ; 
A  glanadh  fear  uinn  's  an  taobh  ud, 
'S  a  geairadh  chraobhan  '.s  gan  spealgadh, 
A  chuni  's  gu 'n  coisneadh  iad  saorsaiun, 
Nach  'eil  ri  fhaotainn  'a  Albaiaii, 
Ged  tha  i  math."' 

A  rhuin  Bhrusgraigh  ro  ghradhach, 

Gu  m  slàn  anus  gacli  tir  iad, 

A  (.liii'.bhrijQu  bhochd  de  na  Gaidheil, 


Bha  paidheadh  mail  anus  a  chrlch  so  ; 
Chaidh  cuid  dhiubh  iomain  ail  falbh  uat, 
Ma'-  dhiòbh  gu  margaidh  f  >  chiobair, 
'S  anns  an  tir  ud  fhuair  fasgadh 
'0  cholg  's  bho  spraisg  an  luclid  else, 
Bha  stri  ri   u  creach. 
Oakville,  May  30,  1S70.  J.  McC. 


ORAN   DO   CHOMUNN   GAIDHEALACR 

GHLEANNGARRAIDH,  CANADA. 

tLE  DOMHNULL  GRANND. 

Gu  baile  uior  na  sglreachd  so, 

Gu  'n  d'  ghiarr  iad  gu  mo  dhinnear  mi, 
'S  ann  sin  bha  'u  coniunn  siobhalta. 

Bha  grinn  's  a  h-uile  doigh.  j 

ilo  bheannachd  do  u'  phairtidh  ud,  i 

Chaidh  cruinn  aig  Alexandria, 

Thoirt  onair  do  na  Gaidheil,  I 

'S  do  Naoiiih  Aindra  mar  bu  choir. .  j 

Bha  tineachaii  na  dutlicha  ac'  ann, 

Domhnullaich  'a  Dughallaich, 
Granndaich  agus  Stiubhartaich, 

'S  clann  lonmhuinn  mhor  an  t-Srath. 

Bha  Mac-a-Phearsain  Chlùnai'lh  ann, 
Bha  Cainibealaieh  's  clann  Uraig  ann, 

Bha  Giiogaraich  'o  Iluadh-Shruth  ann, 
'S  daoiue  iiaisle  'o  chlaiai  Mhic-Rath. 

Bha  Sioaalaioh  Srath-ghlais  aca, 
Bha  Mac-Lcoid  's  Mac-Artair  ann, 

Mac-Ille-Mhaoil  's  'n  Catanach, 
'S  na  h-Alpanaich  bho  t-shean. 

Bha  Frioslaach  na  b-Airde  aca, 

'S  Mac-Coinnich  rnor  Chinntaile  ac'  ann  ; 
Shuidh  Clann-a-Linnean  lamh*  ria, 

'S  Mac-IUe-Brà'  's  iad  sin. 

Bha  Cainroinich  *o  Looaidh  ann, 

Clann-lUe-Iosa  a  MiVair  aun, 
Mac-Aoidh  's  Mac-an-toisich  ann, 

'S  Mac-Neacail  rnor  s'  a  mh  c. 

Bha  Mac-ant-Saoir's  Mac-Ludilainn  anu, 
Mac-Ruairi  's  Mac-Bheathain  ann, 

Fearghusonaich  pail  teas  ann. 

'S  Mac-Labhrainn,  's  Mai^-an-Ab. 

'S  gann  a  tha  do  thlin  again, 

Na  fineachan  uile  innse'  dhuibh, 
Ach  bruidhnidh  siun  mu  'ii  dinncar, 

'S  mu  'u  a  h-uile  ni  a  bh'  ac'. 

Na  'm  faiceadli  sibhs'  am  bord  a  lih'  ann, 

Bha  turkics  air  'n  rostadh  ann, 
Bha  muilt-fheoil  agus  geoidh  ac', 

'S  gu  leoir  a  dh*  fheoil  a  mhart. 

Bha  cearcan  air  'n  ctìcaireachd, 
Bha  haggiei  ann  bha  .sònruichte, 


r)4 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


'S  bha  miosan  be.iga  boiilheaeli  a  nn, 
De  sheorsachan  nic  nar. 

Bha  cofi;  agns  tea  ac', 

'A  Viha  siiicar  geal  na  nihill  inntf, 
'S  bha  mnathan  oga  's  niona^nn, 

na  shlneaJh  gu  gach  fear. 

Se  Mac-a-Pbie,  a  Callasaie.. 

A  rinii  au  dinnear  ainiueil  ud, 
'S  ged  chosg  i  moraii  airgid  dha, 

Gu  d'iarbha'  bha  i  math. 

'S  an  fheadhaiuH  riiin  a  chocaircaohd, 

Gu  'ill  fada  bcò  bliios  iad, 
6u'm  foghiiadh  i  do  'n  Ghòbhairnair, 

Do  righ  Deors'  no  da  jnhac. 

'Nis  brui<lhnidli  sirin  mu  'n  òl  a  bh'  ann, 
Bha  braiindaidh,  '.s  rum,  s"  beòr  aca, 

Bha  fion  's  gin  bbo  'ii  Ohiind  ae' 
'S  broinean  "  mac-nu-brach." 

"S  e  piobaireachd  'u  ceòl  a  bh'anu 
Bha  toirteaohiui,  'a  bh  oranan, 

Bha  'm  presidcnl  toirt  ordugh  dhoibb, 
"■  Hurro  !  crmc—fill  your  (jlas$." 

Bha  deoch  sir  slainto  na  Ban'-righ  aim, 
'S  air  na  jirinimsachan  a  thainig  'uaip, 

Air  Craig  's  air  Domhnull  Saiidfield, 
'S  air  a  PliarUiiuaid  bho  's  leith. 

Anh  .sguiridh  mi  dheith  'n  dan  tha  so, 
'S  bruidhnidh  mi  mu  'n  Ghailig  ribh, 

S  innsidh  mi  mar  thaiuig  i, 
Bho  'n  t-im  a  bh'  ann  'o  t-shean. 

A.  thftobh  's  i  cainnt  's  naduraieh, 
Gu  oranachd  '■:  gu  màranaohd, 

Gu  'r  b-i  a  lib'  aims  an  aire  ac', 
'S  aig  Adhamh  's  aig  a  bhean. 

A  cheud  fliacal  a  thuirt  Adhamh  rithe, 
'Nuair  ehunnaic  e  's  a  ghaiadh  i, 

Chaidh  e  '.s  rug'  e  air  laimh  oirre, 

"  'N  thu  th'  anil  a  ghraidh  na  'm  bean." 

'6  mor  'n  t-aobhar  naire  dhoibh. 
Do  })hairt  de  dhaoine  'n  aite  so, 

Nach  iouusuieh  iad  a  Ghailig, 

Do  'ri  cuid  phaisdean  's  do  'u  euid  mhac. 


GRAN  GAOIL, 

I-K    SOMUAIKLK    CAMSHUuX,    E    KAINKAOll. 

Airfonn  "  Coire-cheathaich. " 

Mi  m'Bhuidhc'm'  onar,  air,tulaich  bhoidhich 

*S  rai  gabhail  orain,  eha  teid  e  learn  ; 

Mo  chridbe  'n  còiiaidh  mar  chloich  air  moin- 

tich, 
Ab  moran  seòil  aig  air  dol  gu  grùnnd. 
Gu  grunnd  clia  teid  e  gun  fhios  do  'n  Kueaig; 
'iS  ma  ni  i  rèite  but  ilieaird  a  chilis  ; 


'S  iimr  taogh  i  fein  mi,  giir  lei.s  an  Kug  mi, 
Le  shaigbdibh  geura  tigh  'nn  orm  «s  ùr. 

A  shaighdeai)  geur'  annain  taobh  ri  ehòile, 

A  dh'  fh;ig  mi  reubta  le  iumad  lot  : 

Gur  tuirse.ieh  m'  eislein  gueh  latha  'g  eiridli ; 

Gur  trie  mo  Iheine  co  flinch  li  liSn. 

ilar  glianitb   bho  thuatli    a   thig  bharr  naa 

cuaintean, 
A  dh'  f  ha'bhas  bhuainne  mar  chi  sibh  ceo, 
'S  e  samhladb  fhuair  mi  de  ghaol  na  gruag- 

aicb, 
A  roiiiu  mo  blmaireadh  air  iomad  seòl. 

Ochoin  !  a  ghruagaich,  nach  gabh  thu  trua« 

rium  ; 
Do  ghaol  a  bhuair  mi  gun  fhios  do  'nt  shloigh. 
'S  mur  faidh  mi  fuarach  bho  'n  ghaol  so  bhuair 

mi, 
Gu  dearbh  cha  dual  domb  bhi  dvU  hcò  : 
Mo  cliridbe  luaim-ach  gach  lath'  air  huiagau, 
Mar  Ihuiiig  air  chuan  agus  i  gun  seòl  ; 
Na  tuiiiii  le  buaircHs  ag  eiridh  suas  ri  ; 
'S  luur  eirich  buaiilb  leth'  cha  teid  gu  seòr. 

Gu  seòr  cba  teid  i  ;  's  gur  beag  mo  speis  di, 

Mur  fiiidh  mi  'n  Eucag  a  's  gile  dreach, 

Do  shliosan  gle  gbeal  mar  slmeac  air  gheug- 

aibh  ; 
'S  gur  tuirseacb  ra'  eiridh  gun  laidhe'  loat. 
Tha  m'  iniitiun  ciaiiail,  gach  lath'  'g  a  ri.ibadh, 
'S  mi  'n  toir  air  t'  iarraidh  le  cogaia  clieart. 
Do  uadur  còuard  a  chlaoidh  as  m'  oig  mi  ; 
'S  cha  b'  e  do  storas  a  bh'  ann  mo  bbeachd. 

Stftr  no  feudnil  ged  's  mor  an  speis  diu, 

An  dingh  clia  leir  learn  a  bhi  'g  au  dith  ; 

A's  Btoc  uo  airneis  chan  iad  a  b'  fhoarr  learn; 

'S  cha  bhraid  na  meirl'  air  am  bheil  mi  'n  ti, 

t'ha  chrodh  air  bhuailtibh  's  cha  ghreigh  air 
fuaran 

A  chu'r  an  buaireas  so  ann  mo  chrldh  ; 

Ach  eala  bhuaidheach  'a  i  snamh  nan  cuain- 
tean, 

'S  mo  Ihion  mu  'n  cuairt  di  g'  a  toirt  gu  tlr. 

'S  ma  's  tusa  nn  eala  tha  air  a  chuan  sin, 

Gur  mise  'nt  uan  a  tha  air  :iii  tràigh, 

'S  nameangainbhuaidheacli  a  fJis  mu  u  cuairt 

domb, 
Mur  tuit  mi'm  buair'air  do  shoii,  a  ghraidh; 
Cha  dlblieil  ceille  thug  miud  mo  apeis  dut  ; 
'S  ma  ni  thu  reite  cha  deigh  dhoniJ!  e. 
On  's  tu  mo  cheud  ghradh,  a  gun  .'hub  thu 

fein  mi. 
Gum  bi  mi  eibhinn  deth  fad  mo  rhèidh. 

Do  cbuaeh-fhult  boidheach,  air  dhath  an  neo- 

iiain 
'r'  0  fas  gu  mòthnr  'n  a  dhualnibh  grinn, 
'?<?  H  chi<jbhaii  òr-bhuidh  mar  shitliein  eòrna, 
Gu  bftnn  do  cbòta  bho  chill  do  chiiin, — 
Gu  lubach,  diialach — gu  clearcach,  cuachach, 
A's  car  mu  'n  cuairt  anns  gach  fuilttin  mln, 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


55 


'S  c  h'uiste  snas  ann  an  side  biiaidheach, 
An  leadan  dualach  nach  dochainn  cir. 

Do  shlios  mar  chanach,  no  breid  de  'n  anart, 

Ko  aneac  air  barraich,  gun  dol  gu  làr  ; 

Do    gbruaidh    dhearg    thana    mar    chaoran 

meangain, 
Fo  d'  sLuil  ghorm  mheallaich,  gun  gbiomh, 

gnn  sgtith. 
Tha  mais'  a' t'  aodainn  thair  clann  nan  daoine  ; 
'S  e  dh'  fhag  ici  daonnan  co  fad  a'  d'  gliradh  ; 
Ach  thig  le  d'  gbacl,   '»  thoir  e  glacaibh  'n 

Aoig  mi, 
Neo  db'  aiudbeoin  dbaoine  gum  faidh  mi  bàs. 

'S  ma  gheobbter  bà»  Iheam  air-son  do  gbrai- 

dhse. 
Cha  bhcag  an  tàmailt  e  m'  chairdibb  mdr,' 
'S  na  craoinn  bho  'n  d'  fbas  mi  co  math  ri  d' 

phairtse 
Ged  iar  thu  nàird  iad  gu  niig  na  meoir. 
Bho  linn  gu  linn,  iar  amacb  mo  sbinnsre, 
'S  ma  gbeobh  thu  mlo-mhodh  do  dhuin'  'nt 

shioigb, 
Grad  cùl  do  cbinn  ris  gach  geug  a  chinn  diu  ; 
'S  cha  robh  do  thiom  dhiu  ach  gear  gu  leoir. 

'8  ma   chumthar  bhuam  thu  le  gniomh  ant 

shluaigh  sin, 
A  thogas  tuaileas  le  cainnt  am  beòil, 
Tha  cairdean  dileai  mu  'n  cuairt  os  n  Iseal, 
A  thcgan  mio-thlac,    '»  nach  strioehd  do  'n 

choir. 
Luchd  bhreug  aa  thuaileis  do  'n  gnàth  bhl 

buaireadh 
Tha  m'  fhuil  air  fuathachadh  riu,  as  m'  fheoil, 
Gum  buin  an  trend  ud  do  Mhamon  deisneach, 
Le  'u  teangaibh  èisgeil  toirt  beum  do  'n  choir. 

Tha  naimbdean  fallsail,  fo  sgaile  cairdeis, 
A  togiiil  fAnn-»geulau  oirn  le  ohèil', 
Luchd  mio-iuin  teanga  a  piuca  tainge, 
A  dealbh  an  ainihlei-t  '3  a  deanamh  bhreug. 
Tha  ceilg  mar  Ihòu  agua  nimh  ri  òl  daidh, 
As  e  an  cònaidh  gu  gearbh  'n  am  beul. 
Luchd  dhealbh  droch  sgeoil  buinidh  iad  de 

dhoruinn, 
A's  iads  gu  souruicht'  bhios  deanamh  bhreug; 

Ma  cbi  sibh  neach  bhios  a  cur  ri  chèile, 
Mar  pbioghaid  thrcubhaich  's  i  deanamh  nid 
Bidh  aou  a  cuartachadh  staigh  le  h-eiginn, 
A's  aon  a  nuteacbadh  cuairt  an  nid  ; — 
Ma  thig  traoth  Ihuaineach  thair  bharr  nan  cu- 

aiiiteau, 
A  cbuircas  luaegan  air  meoir  a  phris  ; 
Grad  Ibalbhaidh  uapadh  an  nead  's  a  chuair- 

teag, 
Ab  faic  an  truaighe  ci»  mdr  a  nis. 

Mar  sin,  mo  bhanndag,  na  gabhsa  anntlachd, 
Ged  their  do  chairdean  gum  bheil  mi  bochd  ; 


As  tuig  Kigh  Daibhidh,    's  an  staid  am  b' 

aird  e, 
Bhs  chridh'  gun  ailgheas  mar  neach  gun  toic 
Cha   d'   fhuair   an    righ  sin    ach  beag  toil- 

inntinn 
'S  a  chaithir  rhioghail,  le  raòran  sprochd  ; 
'S  ma  Iheugh  thu  m  Bioball  tha  pairt  de  'g 

innseadh 
Gun  d'  rhoinn  e  ilseach  mar  dhuine  bochd. 

Bha  mise  a'  m'  òige  car  tamull  gòrach  ; 

Nis  tha  mi  deoineacb  air  cinntinn  glic  ; 

Tha  am  gu  brftn  agus  am  gu  solas : 

'S  e  'n  dara  seol  air  'n  do  chaochail  mia. 

Nis  glacam  sedlta  mo  rhibheid  cheòlar, 

On  tha  mo  shòlag  a  ris  air  teachd  ; 

As  theid  mi  chonuidh  gu  tulaich  bhoidhich 

'S  bidh  mi  mar  smeoraich  a  seinn  gu  bcachd. 


OKAN  DO  'N  NIGHINN  GHAIDH- 
EALAICH. 

LB    EOOHAN    MAO    LKOID. 

[Bha  'n  t-ughdar  a  lathair  aig  cuirm  araidh, 
ann  'm  fear  de  bhailtean  mor  Shasuinn  ;  thug 
e  'n  aire  do  nighinn  a  bha  ro  aluinn,  agus 
modhail  na  gluasad,  air  dhoigh  's  gu'n  d'  thug 
i  bàrr  air  each  uile.  Air  dha  fhaighinn  a 
mach  gu  *m  bu  Ghaidheal  i,  rinn  e  na  rainn  a 
leanas  dhi.] 

'Se  bhi  gleiissdh  mo  chinil  air  cliii  na  maiae 

Tha  ùr  bho  thalamh  na  'm  Beanu, 
A  bheothaich   mo   fihunnd,   '3   dhùraich   'm 
aigneadh, 

Mar  dhriùchd  air  lusan  nan  gleann, 
A  dhaisig  dhomh  oige,  '■  prois  is  mire, 

Cuir  orain  ruhilis  am  bhcul  ; 
A  dhusgadh  le  solas  ceòl  mo  chridhe, 

Do  'n  òg-bhean  's  ceanalt.i  hhns. 

Do  bheatha  do  'n  tir  so,  ribhinn  bhanoil, 

Tha  t-iutinn  tairis  is  re, 
Do  nadur  cho  ciuin,  '9  do  ghnuis  cho  maliail, 

Do  shuil  mar  dhearcag  an  t-sleihh. 
Do  bhroilleach  geal  rain,  a'  side  a  'falach, 

Tha  ligh  mar  eala  air  a  cbuan, 
Do  gbruaidh  mar  'n  ròi  '9  boi'cbe  gealladh, 

'S  oigh'  'sa  mhaduinn  ga  bhuain. 

Gur  fortonach  dhà'aan,  thàr,  na  fearaibh, 

Do  'n  dain  am  meangan  a  bhuain 
'Nuair   bheireadh    na    prionnsan,    's   diucan 
fearann 

An  cruÌQ  na  'm  faigheadh  iad  buaidh, 
Gu  'm  tighinn  air  baird'  a's  airde  barail. 

Air  ailleachd  pearsa  agus  suuadh, 
Bith'  eachdraidh  do  chliu  an  cunntas  maireaii  n 

A  muim  aig  deas  agus  tuath. 


0(5 


AN  GAIDHEAL 


CANADA. 

(AlK    A    LKAMTllNN,     BHO     ('ìlHHÌrtelr    iMU 

Glcann.) 

Tha  do  dhfhearann  fas  anns  an 
duthaich  so  iiiread  "s  a  ghabliadh  ceud 
mile  pearsa  'n  cea'Mi  gach  bliadliiia  fad 
leth  cheud  bliadhiia  n  teachd,  agus  'na 
dheigh  sill  l,liiudh  fcarann  fd«  sinii  le  cion 
dliaoine  chum  aiteacliaidh.  Cba  'n  eil 
cearn  san  t-Baoghal  d'a  bheil  iinrich  do'ii 
Ghaidlieal  cho  nadurra;  cba  'n  eil  iad  a' 
dol  am  iiieasj^  dboiiie  borba  fiadhaich,  ach 
am  nieasg  an  hichii-dutbcha  fciii,  fo  iia 
h-aoii  laghaiina  Idia  ihairis  orra  bho  'ii 
òige  ;    tba   mfltean    roinbpa 


mach   an   lam  ban  riutha 
orra    dol  a   mill,    agus 


ineadL  a 
8  a'  Bniaideadh 
feitbeamh  gii 
failte  sbuilbliL'arra  chur  orra.  Cha  'n  eil 
teagamh  nacb  bi  'Ghailig  ann  an  nine 
ghoirid  air  a  labbairt  ann  an  Amenca 
mu-tbuath  lo  barraclid  dhaoine  na  th'  aim 
an  Gaidbc:il(;.:cbd  na  h-Alba.  Tha  minÌ!!- 
teiroan  ann  tlia 'searnidnachadh  na  Gailig 
— minis+fireaii  dilcas  teò-cbridheach,  du 
rachdach  ;  agus  ge  goirt  Icinn  gu  laheil 
èiginn  agus  cruaidh-cbas  a'  bagradh  na 
Gaidheil  bhochda  fhuadach  o'n  dutliaicli 
fein,  's  oil  Icinn  nacb  robh  na  niiltean 
diubh  air  an  snidheachadh  ann  an 
America,  dlv.th  d'a  cheile,  far  an  suidb- 
eadh  gach  aon  fo  sg  il  a  chraoibh  iigis 
fein  gun  eagal  bàirlinn  no  maoir. 

Gun  teagamh  air  bith  'si  so  an  duthaich 
a  'b  freagaraiche  do  Ghaidlieil  dol,  a  tha 
'cur  ronipha  tir  an  athj-aicbean  fbagail. 
Cha  'n  eil  cosnaiche  slan  fallain  tlia  eolach 
air  obair,  agus  tuileach  obair  a  dheanamli, 
nach  faod  fearann  saor  a  bhi  aige  dba 
f^in  ann  am  fiov  bbeagn  bhliadlniaichean, 
agus  a  bhi  cho  c(jthroniach,  socraeh  's  bu 
nihiann  leis,  ged  nach  robh  peighinn  air 
&  Bhiubhal,  ma  bhcir  o'n  aire  dha  fein  ; 
'a  ma  tha  e  glic  grunndail,  faodaidh  e 
chur  CÙ1  a  laimhe  an  ceanii  tri  no  ceithir 
»  bhliadhnaichean  na  chuireas  'na  chomaa 
aite  seasgair  fhaotainn  da  fJiii  agus  a 
radh  :  "Tha  mi  nis  air  mo  dbiinan  foiu 
agus  feuch  co  dhuircrs  dheth  mi  !" 

'Se  'n  t-am  a's  fearr  gu  falbh  do 
Chuiiada  no  do  chearn  air  bith  ann  an 
America  mu  thnath,  deireadh  an  earraich, 
agus  gun  bhi  moran  na's  aninoiche  no  mu 
liithean  na  Healltuinn.  Tha  leis  a  so 
ÙÌ!.'  acasan  tha  dol  a  mach  ambarc  mu'n 
timchioll  agns  àiteachan  freagarach  fhaot- 
ainn. laduau  a  bheir  beagan  airgid  irh 
tha   ilin'    aca    le  dol    a   mach    tràth   »»' 


bbliadhna  air  cruineach  a  chur.  tighea* 
a  thogail  agus  uidheamaclKiJU  agui 
foaras-tighe  dhcananih,  airson  a'  gheamh- 
raidh.  Tha  tuara»dail  ard  do  ghnàth 
airson  siralrigan  agus  dbaoino  tha  eòlach 
air  gnothuichean  dùthcha  ;  gheibh  iadsau 
ceithir  d>!ara-deug  sa'  mliios-os-coann 
dcich-puinnd-fbichead  shasuanaoli  aa' 
bbliadhna. 

Bu  ch6ir  dhoibhsan  tha  'cur  romlipa 
fallih,  CO  beag  nitlie  's  a  's  urraiim  iad  a 
thoirt  leo,  oir  tha  cosdas  mòr  'na  ghiulan 
o  àite  gn  àite. 

Tha  iads^au  tha  dol  thairis  do  na  dùth- 
channa  sa  an  cunnart  a  blii  air  am  meal- 
ladh  le  dauine  cealgach  sanndach  a 
choinnicheas  iad  an  dèigh  dlioibh  'ruigh- 
eachd ;  mholamaid  dliuibh  a  bhi  'nan 
earalas,  agus  a  chuiinhneachadh  gu  bheil 
luclid-combairleacbadh  aig  an  uach- 
dranacbd  amis  gach  ait  air  an  suidh- 
eachadh  agu";  air  am  pàigheadh  chum 
coigrich  a  stiuradh  do  gnch  àite  's  frea- 
garafche  dhoibh.  Faodaidh  iad  Ian 
earsba  cliàramh  annta  so,  agus  's  e  'n 
teuraintoachd  a  bhi  air  an  comhair- 
leachadh  ieo,  cia  dhiubli  's  e  cosnadh  tha 
dhith  orra  no  leararin  a  cheannach 
dhoibh  fein. 

ladsan  ait^  nach  'eil  airgiod  r'a  thoirt 
leo,  ach  a  tha  dol  a  mach  mar  luchd- 
cosnaidh,  chonihairlicheaniaid  iad  a  dh' 
fhalbh  tràth  sa'  bbliadhna,  a'  cheud 
chosnadh  n.ath  athachras  orra 'ghabhail, 
iad  a  bhi  foighidneach  seanmhacli.  fuir- 
each  'nan  luchd-oibre  's  'nan  SL^alagan 
gus  an  tuig  iad  gu  mathnàdur  an  fhuinn, 
nàdur  na  dùthcha  's  an  doigh  a's  fearr  gu 
oinneachadh,  agusguàite  fliaotainn  doibh 
fein.  Mar  thuirt  sin  a  chcana,  gheibh 
fear-oibre  math  liddir,  ceithir  dolara- 
deng  sa'  mldos,  agus  a  bb.)rd  ;  agus  an 
ceann  tri  bliadhna  faodaidh  e  ait'  fhaot- 
ainn da  fi^in. 

Tha  sinn  'ga  fmisea>ri  mar  fhfrinn  gu 
gu  bheil  daoine  san  duthaich  sin  aig  nach 
robh  aona  pheiglihinn  an  latha  chaidh 
iad  air  tir  gun  sgoil  gun  iounsuchadh  ; 
ach  atuma,  riagbailteach,  soasnihach, 
saothaireach,  agus  ann  an  ceann  tri 
bliadhna,  aig  an  robh  leth-dusan  mart, 
mucan,  eunlaith  agus  na  h-uile  goireas 
a  b'  urrainn  doibli  i.uTaidh.  Ma  thograa 
duin,  air  bith  an  aium  iheòraich,  bheir 
sinn  doibh  an  ainin  's  an  filoinneadh  agus 
an  t-uit  as  aii  d'  fhalbh  iad. 

(ill  bhi  air  a  lei.ntu'rt,r. 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


57 


MES.  CAIPTEIN  THOMAS. 

Cha  'n  eil  tcagaaih  nach  faoighnicL 
iomuuli  neach  d'  ar  luclKl-kughaidli  : 
"  Co  i  Mrs.  Tliomas,  no  ciod  a  cbuir  a 
li-aiutn  an  eo  seach  ioraadh  bean  nasal 
eile 's  an  dutliaicli  ?"  'Sann  air  son 
sin  a  fhreagairt  a  thoisicli  sinne  air  so 
a  sgriobliadh,  agus  tha  sinn  rù  dlinilicb 
nach  'eil  sinn  ach  gle  chearbac'i  air  a 
shon,  a  thaobli  's  nach  eil  min  eolas 
againn  air  a  bhoirinneach  nasal  chean- 
alla  so.  Cha  'u  aithne  dhuinn  a  bheag 
mu  deimhinn,  acli  gu  'm  blieil  sinn  a 
cluintinn  gur  bean  Caiptein  niara  i, 
agus  gu  'm  bJjeil  i  a  tuinneadli  an  Dun- 
eidemn.  Ach  chunnaic  ague  chuala 
sinn  mil  gnioruhara  tiachail  ague  cao- 
iniluieil  bho  cheann  ghoirid,  a  thaobh 
cuidcacliadh  agus  leasachadli  le  Gaidheil 
bliochd,  ni  a  bhiteas  na  chuimimea.chan 
niaireann  dhi  ann  an  cridlie  gach 
Gaidheil  aig  am  blieil  spèis  's  am  bith 
de  dliÙLhaicli  aithrichean,  agus  math  a 
IviclKÌ-aiteachaidh.  Tha  i  nise  biio 
cheann  aireamh  bhliadhnachan,  air  a 
chuid  mhor  d'  a  tim  a  chaitheamh  a 
ceanamh  na'a  urrainn  i  air  son  cor 
dhaoin«  bochd  a  Icasaehadh  air  feadh 
na  Gaidhealtachd,  gu  h-araidh  's  na 
h-eileauan  an  lar.  Chosd  i  moran  de 
cuid  airgid  fhein,  agus  thionuil  moran 
airgid  bho  dhaoine  coir eileair  son  comh- 
,  nadh  ri  Gaidheil  bhochd  a  chur  do 
Chanada  agus  aiteachan  eile  's  am  biodh 
an  cor  na  b'  fhearr  na  bha  e  'n  duthaich 
am  breith  ;  agus  tha  i  fhathasd  a  lean- 
tuinn  air  an  obair  cheudna.  Cha  'n 
eil  cairdean  de  'n  t-seorsa  so  ach  ain- 
neamh  aig  na  Gaidheil  's  an  latha  'n 
diugh.  Uime  sin  's  ann  le  'r  'n  uile 
ohridhe  a  tha  sinn  a  guidhe  "  buaidh 
'us  piseacli  le  Mrs.  Caiptein  Thomas, 
fior  bhan'-charaid  nan  Gaidheal."  Inn- 
sidh  sinn  barrachd  mu  deimhinn  an 
uine  ghoirid. 


Clia  robh  coille  riamli  gun  clirionach. 

Cha'n  'eil  eadar  an  t  aniadan  's  an  clnine 
•glic,  ach  gii'n  ceil  an  duine  glic  a  rim  agus 
gu'n  iuuis  an  t-aniadan  o. 


COMHAIRLE  DO    NA    GAtDHEIL    A  THA 
F'UIREACH  AN   ALBAINN. 

A  chlanna'  nan  Gaidheal  nach  tig  sibli  a  nail, 
'S  na  bilhibh  iia'r  traillean  aig  garlichean  Ghall, 
Tha  Canada  fuisuinn  a's  beaj-tach  uu  Ipoir, 
'S  ma  ni  sibh  ann  obair  gu'n  togai-  leibh  Ion. 

Tocaidh  sinn  crnin'eaehd  ma'  ri  eorn'  agus  core, 
Peisir '»  buntata  agus  neupan  gu  pailt ; 
Na  raeasan  is  Yioi'CA.e  tha  na's  'eoir  an  do  ghna 
'S  cha  chnram  dodhuine  machnniaseiihlaint. 

Tha  cuid  ann's  n  ait 's  thabeartach.'s  ciiid  bochd 
Maralihith'sgn  Imlth  annsgaihaitcgubeacha  ; 
Ach  esan  ni  diehioll  gn  firinncach,  <;ò.iri, 
Bith'  dachaidh  'ua  ftit'  iiige,  'ri  tardach  gu'n  airo 

Se  tha  i^inn'ag'  ionndraln  a  mhuinntir  tha  cenrt 
Ch  I  mhisgear  no  lunndair  no  fiong -ar  gun  rath, 
Ach  daoine  tha  erunndail  le  intinneau  m;th 
Bhi'tilelrB'neach  s'n  du'ich's  'nsullairgnch  car 

Tha  HiiUtean 's  an  aite's  a  th  iniga  nail, 
Giin  sgiUinn  na  'la  poca,  bha  broiiach  'sian  am, 
Tim  nÌB  aca  fearainn,  's  tha  taighean  ac'  suae, 
Eich,  crodh  aguscaoirich,  's  cha  'n  fhaoineas  'n 
luach. 

Tha  steidheachd  's  'n  dCvthaich'g.  'tha  cliùiteach 

do 'n  t-bluash; 
Cha'n  'eil  lad  ga'n  swrath'  aig  gnrruich  dhaoin' 

uai«r, 
Do  'm  feum  iad  bhl  lùbadh  mar  dhiùidhidh  gun 

tairbh', 
'B  an  clnigicmB  ac'   rulfg;te  'n  I'lm  ciiiine  no 

iit<jirm. 

Cha  b'  ionann  sa  n  l-ait  ud  a  dli-fhAg  ml 'am 

dhèidh,— 
Tha  cuid  ae  na  Galdh«ll  mar  thraillean  gun 

fheiim, 
Air  fsileacl)  tha'n  clargaich,  's  an  dàlnteangun 

Beinn, 
Na"l'harohs'' toirt  buadhach,  'e  mulr  ruadh 

thar  'n  cinr.. 

Tha  naorchuis  's  uabhar  'k  truailleachd  ro  mhor, 
M  aHjf  oiKhreaclian  leanilnn,  gu  tional  an  oir; 
A  chost  theid  an  gealltachd,  an  danntia  'n  ar.  ol, 
K'  an  iochd'rainairfaontrugun  audach  gun  Ion. 

An  t-er  'ad  cha  choi«a  aiir  'n  dachaidh  gu  feim; 
Do  n  FhniingnodoLunainn  murtjhuiraichgun 

leiu; 
Ach  tillidh  ind  dhachnidh  '■   Bann-tasgaidh* 

nan  deidh, 
'8  na  mill  theid  an  Ardach'  gu  palrt  deth  chuir 

rèidh. 

'NamtrHsadhamflUslnblth'ymflladhairtiiatU 
'S  gu  clis  raur  a,  pAidh  iad,  theld  Jiairlinn  mu'n 

cuHirt, 
Na  Factors  mnr  f  hìthieha  erlomadh  na  stnuiii* 
No  loialr  nun  aomal  tha  'n  gaol  air  na  h-uain ! 

A  gabhail  gach  cothram  gu  solar  an  on-; 

An  coir  no  an  euctir  an  siirf-ldh  hheir  i-id  leo, 

Le  maolr  tha  mar  mhial-choin,  air  iallan  nan 

dorn— 
A  tlneadh  air  sgisnihail  Rg'  iazraidh  gu  Ion  ! 

Bheir  mSsedhuibh  comhairl',  ma  ghabhassibh 

riP, 
Gnnor'snnnlecalrdpasa  thami  ga  iinse': 
"Gach  aondenatìaidlieilgn'ndeanndh  iad  <lea8 
'H  tighlnn  thairisdo  Chanada,  's  fi,lieibhj?adh  lad 

meab." 

'S  mi  chunnaic  mor  chrundal'  thai!  a'sa  bhq<!, 
'8  sheas  mi  air  ualribb  mor  f  huachd  aguis  tea«, 


58 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


»8  lomadach  alubnn  fada  learn  f  heln, 

'8  bii  noon!  sud  ulle  sea  ch  fuireach  's  an  Eiph't' 

Oha  'n  ell  ml  cur  tuaileas  a  siiaa  aims  an  am, 
Acli  luimidh  ml  'a  uair  ko  mu  bhos  ajjus  thall, 
'S  au  t-Hon  a  bhltlieas  grumach  'n  dcigh  chma 

Iliolit  do'm  raiin, 
Duineadh  e  cliliiaBan  'schabhualrearacheaiin 

JHUo  thugalbh  an  aire,  garmealladh  cha  bhl'. 
Ma  thig  no  lua  dh'f  hanas,  na  coirichibh  ml, 
Tha  culd  anna  an  ait's  gun  f  hardacli  gun  nl, 
Ach  '*  nil-f  borlun  mor  e,  no  ol '«  milleadh  tlm. 

Tha  sean'-f  hooal  dlreaeh,  's  e  flor  air  a  Ihuaid, 
"Nach  airidh  airsochnirami  f.-ar  nacli  cuir  Buas, 
I.e  beaaan  de'n  docliair,  'sasingbelbhedhuals, 
Dha  feln  'n  dlia  ehuld  ijliisdean,  '.s  a  bhairlinn 
clKi  gbluals." 

Nl8  sgulrldh  ml'm  ranndachd,   'h  mo  pheann 

leigidh  Rios. 
Their  culd  bhlth's  ag'  eisdeachd,  ri  'm  pgeul 

''tlia  eflor," 
Culd  file,  "cha'n  elsd  mi  rl  bveugan  gnu  bhrigh,' 
Mar  »ud  i  ha  na  daoine  's  an  t-saoghal  gach  linn. 
SulHvan,  OU.  Sept.  1871.  11.  McC. 


ORAN  GAOIL. 

r)  EOOHAN  MAC-COLLA. 

Air  yoNN — "Mi  ri  ri 's  ho  ra  il  ò,  mo  nighean 
donn  is  bòidhche." 

Co'-SHEIKM. 

Thogainn  cliù  na  h-ùr-blieaii  mhin 
Fhuair  'san  R^ilig  gaol  ni<i  chri: 
'S  beag  an  t-ioghiiadh  tuille  's  ni\ 
Blii  bristeadli  'n  rridlie  'n  tòir  oirv'. 

'S  ìtinn  'all  seòmav  ceòl  nan  teud, 
'8  binn  'sau  fhàs-choiU  k\  nan  geng  ; 
'H  liinLe  na  iud  iiile  'm  beul 

Bu  mhiann  leam  fein  ])lii  pògadh. 

Thogainn  cliù,  àc. 

Thug  an  t-ùr-ro.s,  flùr  nam  bnadh, 
A  dliath  gaolach  fein  d'a  gniaidh  ; 
'S  fide  caoin  Kubh-craobli  nam  bruach 
A  h-anail  fhiiair  gun  I'lifttus. 

Tliogainn  rìiù,  &'•. 

'S  gcal  ail  lilidh  tini  a'  Mhliigh, 
'S  giie  no  sud  ciieas  nio  ghràidli, 
Còmhnuidh  chaoin  a'  cliridhi;  bhlàlli, 
B'J)  'n  tiuadar  dh*  fliàgadh  breòit  è. 

Thogainn  cliù,  &i;. 

Ciod  au  stà  bid  'cur  an  guill 
Drench  a  blàth-shnil  làn  dr.  ghaol  f 
Oha  'n  eil  aiiil  a'  cdiahnain  Um 

Alf;th  CO  maoth-ghorm  bhòidhaicli. 

Thogainn  cliù,  &c. 

Cha  'n  eil  mil  an  t-aeilleiii  chiar 
Idir  milis  làmh  r'a  bial  ; 
'S  shaoileadh  tu  gur  ann  bho  'n  ghrixn 
A  fhuair  i  fiauih  a  h-òr-l'halt ! 

Thogainn  cliù,  &c. 


LITIR  BHO  ASTRALIA. 

Jlaoartair,  Astralia, 
Ccud  Mios,  an  Fhoghair  14,  1871. 
,\  Mhr.  Deasaiche, — 

Chunnaic  mi  sealladh  de  bhu'r  paipeir 
lunclimhor  bho  cheann  ghoirid,  ngus  gu  cinn- 
teacli  thug  e  mor  thoil-iiintiiin  dhomh  ihaicinn 
gu  'n  robh  a  leithid  ri  fhaotainn  's  a  Ghailig. 
(Ill  'm  fada  beo  sibh,agus  gu  'm  buadhaiclieadh 
k'ibh.  Faoaaidh  mi  iimseadh  dliuibh  gu  'm 
Idieil  moran  Ghaidheal  anns  na  ccavnaibh  so 
de  'n  chrninue.  Cha  'n  Vdl  baile  's  fhiach 
aiinncacliailh  naeh  'eil  comunn  Gaidhealach 
.>-~teidhiiditf  ann,  air^ou  cumail  suas  luth- 
idduasan  neo-lochdach  nan  Gaidheal.  Bha 
mar  'n  ceudna  paipeir  Gailig  againn  'n  Tas 
nuuiia  's  a  Iddiadhna,  1857  ;  ach  bhàsaich  e 
air  a  bldiadhna  sin  fhein.  Blia  inoraii  conn- 
.sachaidh  eadar  na  Gaidhcdl  agu;;  na  Goill  ann 
a  Hamilton  's  an  duthaich  so  bho  cheann 
ghoiiid  ;  agus  'se  'u  t-aobhar  a  bh'  aca  :— 
Mu'n  cuairt  air  1857,  thogadh  eaglais  eatorra, 
air  chumhnant  gu  'm  feumadh  am  ministeir 
ac*  a  bhith  coiuasach  air  searmonachadh  's 
an  da  cliainnt.  Fo  'n  chumhnant  so,  chaidh 
an  t-urramach  Aonghas  Domhnullach,  a  shui- 
dheachadh  mar  mhinisteir  thairis  air  a  choi- 
thional.  Fhuair  iad  air  'n  adhairt  gu  rèith 
car  nine  ;  bha  searmoin  Ghailig  aca  's  a 
mhaduinn  agus  searmoin  Bheurla  'n  deigh 
nicadhon  latha,  gach  Sabaid.  Dh'eug  Mr. 
Domhnullach  bho  cheann  ghoirid  ;  ach  greis- 
roindi  am  a  bhais,  cha  robh  searmoin  Ghailig 
aca,  ach  aon  uair  's  a  mhios  ;  agus  am  fear  a 
thainig  na  aite  clia  iearmonaicheadh  e  dig 
idir  's  a  Gliailig.  Chuir  na  Gaidheil  an 
aghaidh  so,  a  reir  a  chumhnant  a  bha  eatorra, 
agus  scar  iad  iad  fein  bho  na  Goill  biiileach. 
Tha  na  Gaidheil  a  nis  air  caglaia  hr  a  thogail 
dhaibh  fhein'a  tha  na  onoir  dhaibh,  agus  tha 
iad  an  drasd  a  feitheainh  ri  ministeir  a  Al-- 
bainn  ;  agus  ma  dheibli  iad  fear  a  bhithas 
nicasail  air  a  Ihuchd  ducha  agus  'n  canain, 
agus  na  sheirbhiseach  dlleas  an  aobhar  an 
'I  igliearna,  clia  'n  'eil  teagamh  nacli  soirbhich 
leis. 

Creid  gu  'r  mise  le  mor  mheas, 

'Ur  seirbhiseach  dilea, 
Victoria,  Australia.  D.  B. 


Thachair  do  mhiniuteir  stblcla,  ague 
oifigeach  òg  coinnenchadh,  agiia  a  bhi 
'aoanclias  ;  agU3  mu  dheireadh,  thanig  an 
seanchas  gu  car  beag  ooimsuchaidh. 
Bha'n  t-oifigeach  agat  le  feirg;  agus  mar 
thàiiiailt  do'n  mhinisteir,  thuirt  e  ris — 
"  Nam  biodh  do  nilii-fhorton  orm  gu'm 
biodh  ùmpaidh  mic  again  nach  b'lirrainn 
ni  eile  dheanamh,  gu  cinnteacli  dhsanain 
ministeir  dhe."  "  Cha  robh  t'athair-sa. 
sa"  bharail  riut,"  araa  'n  ministeir,  gu 
socrach. 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


5» 


GEAEAIN. 
Chuala  sinn  bho  clieann  ghoirid  gu 
'n  d'  thainig  gearain  a  nail  a'  Albainn, 
a  tliaobh  aireamh  de  Ghaidheil  bhoclid 
a  thainig  a  nail  bho  cheann  ochd 
bliadhna,  bho  aon  de  na  h-eileanan  an 
lar,  le  airgiod  iosaid,  bho  dhaoine  nasal 
timchioll  <ihlaschu  agus  Dhuneideann, 
air  chumhnant  gu'n  cuireadh  iad  an 
t-airgiod  air  ais  gun  dail,  clio  luath  's  a 
gheibheadh  iad  e,  a  chum  's  gu  'm 
faigheadh  daoine  bochd  eill  e,  gu 
tighinn  air  an  doigh  cheudna.  Tha  na 
daoine  so  a  gearain  (ged  nach  eil 
teagarah  nach  d'  fhuair  na  daoine  do  'n 
tug  iad  e,  an  t-airgiod  uair  's  uair  bho 
'n  thainig  iad),  nach  deach'  sgillinn  a 
chur  air  ais  dheith  fliathascl,  mar  a 
gheall  iad.  Cha  'n  eii  e  furasd  dhuinne 
a  chreidsimi  gu  'm  bheil  facal  firinn 
ann;  uime  sin  cha'n  abair  sinn  a  bheag 
niu  'n  chuis,  gus  an  lorgaich  sinn  a 
macli  gu  min  e.  Ach  ma  tha  a  leithid 
de  dhaoine  air  tighinn  n'  ar  measg  fo 
ainm  Ghaidheal,  a  bhioth  cionntach  air 
a  leithid,  tha  sinn  an  dochas  gvx  'n  teid 
am  fuadachadh  a  mach  as  an  duthaich 
gun  dail,  air  neo  do  n'  choille,  am  measg 
nan  Innseanach,  far  'n  ionnsuich  iad  a 
chainnt  Innseanach,  Fraingis,  no  canain 
eile  de  'n  t-seoi-sa.  Cha  bhuin  a  leithid 
idir  do  Ghaidheil  Chanada. 


NA  TIGHEARNAN  GAIDHEA- 
LACH. 

Tha  duine  Urramach  araidh,  nach  'eil 
e  fhein  a  tuineadh  fada  bho  sgàil  a 
"  chaisteil  mhoir,"  a  sgriobhadh  thug- 
ainn  ;  "  gun  a  bhi  ri  miodal  nan 
tighearnan  Gaidhealach,  daoine  's  miosa 
a  tha  ri  fhaiginn,  ifcc." ;  a  ciallachadh, 
a  reir  coltais,  an  orain  a  bha  's  a  cheud 
aireamh  de  'n  Ghaidheal,  do  Shir 
Seumas  Mac-Mhathain.  Gu'n  a  leigeadh 
ris  CO  sgriobh  an  t-oran  sin,  tha  sinn  ag' 
aontachadh  ris  gach facal  dheith ,  a  thaobh 
molaidh  agus  geanmath  an  duine  uasail 
sin ;  agus  ged  nach  eil  sinn  a  tuineadh 
■oho  faisg  air  "Imile  mor  a  chaisteal"  's 
a  thaeasaUjCha  'n  aidich  sinn  idir  a  bhi 


tur  aineolach  air  mar  a  tha  guothuich- 
ean  a  dol  air  adhairt  timchioll  air  ; 
agus  's  math  dh  fhaoidte  gu  'm  bheil 
sinn  ann  an  suidheachadh  a  cheart  cho 
math  ris  fhein  gu  breith  neo-chlaonach. 
a  tlioirt  's  a  chuis.  Aidicheamid  gu 
'm  bheil  cuid  de  na  tighearnan  Gaidh- 
ealach cho  dona  's  a  dheanadh  easan  a 
mach  iad, — an  fheirde  a  chuis  am 
beagan  nach  'eil  mar  sin  a  bhi  air  'n  cur 
's  an  aon  phoca  riutha  1  'Nuair  a 
thachras  droch  dhaoine  an-iochdmhor 
rinn  am  measg  nan  tighearnan  Gaidh- 
ealach, cha  'n  fhaigh  iad  soradh  bho  'n 
Ghaidheal  so  ;  agiis  an  uair  a  thachras 
daoine  coir  iochdmhor  rinn,  coltach  ri 
Sir  Seumas  MacMhathain,  innsidh 
sinn  e  roar  'n  ceudna — a  dhaindeoin  co 
chuireadh  na  aghaidh.  'S  math  dh' 
fhaoidte  gu  'm  bi  tuilleadh  againn  ri 
radh  mu  'n  chuis  so  'n  nine  ghoirid. 

COMUNN  GAILIG  LHUNAINN. 

Se  so  an  diugh  da  rireamh  "  Comunn 
nam  iior  Ghaidheal,  cia  bith  co  aige  tha 
'n  t-ainm  's  ann  acasan  a  tha  'n  tairbhe. 
Se  gu  'n  teagamh  an  diugh  an  comunn 
a  's  feumail  's  as  beothail  a  bliuineas  do 
na  Gaidheil.  Tha  criocli  araidh  aca 
's  an  amharc,  se  sin  a  bhi  sealtuinn  as 
deigh  gean-math  na  Gailig,  nan 
Gaidheal  agus  na  Gaidhealtachd,  agus 
a  reir  coltais  cha  'n  eil  a 
chriocli  sin  a  dol  as  an  amharc.  Cha 
mhor  gu  'm  bheil  gluasad  a  chuala  sinn 
bho  cheann  fhada,  a  thaobh  Aird  Fhear 
Foghlun  Gailig,  agus  nithean  eile  de  'n. 
t-seorsa,  nach  'eil  a  fhreumh  ri  lor- 
gachadh  a  mach  thun  a  Chomuinn  so. 
Am  measg  iomadh  ni  math  eile  a 
chuala  sinn  'uapa  bho  cheann  ghoirid, 
tha  cunntas  gu  'm  bheil  iad  gu  minia- 
teir  Gailig  a  shuidheachadh  an  Lunaiun. 
A  reir  a  chunntais  a  tha  againn  mu 
'n  deimhinn,  tha  'n  Comunn  a  dol 
cruinn  an  Lunainn  bho  cheann  cor  's 
deich-bliana  thar  fhicead  ;  agus  iad  gun 
allsadh  bho  'n  uair  sin  a  deanamh  na's 
urrainn  iad,  gus  na  gnothaichean  so  a 
chur  air  adhairt,  "ed  nach  cluinn  sinn 


60 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


a  leith  uiread  mu  'ii  deimliinn  'a  a 
chluiuneas  sinn  mu  iomadli  Comiinn 
oile  imcli  eil  iin  deicbeamh  uiread  cho 
fcumail  riutJia,  agus  sin  do  bhrigli  's 
nach  do  clirocli  iad  iad  fein  mar  ghlio- 
gaii-cau  gun  flieum  ri  crios  Dhiuc, 
Pliriouusa  agus  Thighearaan,  mar  a 
liuu  morau  de  chach.  Buaidli  's puseach 
leotlia,  -  -'s  aun  oirrasau  da  riroamh  a 
laidlieadh  briathran  a  l)haird  clunr's  an 
aireamh  mu  dlieircadh  de  'n  Ghaidheal. 
"  'S  fior  aiiidh  air  beannnclul  nam  Uaid, 

L)ia,f,'li  Choiiuiun  nan  anniimi  lial, 
A  l.licothaich  gnAi  eleaclidadli  'lu  ,i,'nHtb, 

A  blia  aÌ2  iia  Oaidheil  riaiiih.  " 


EACHDRAIDH  NA.  H-ALBA. 

Tba  Eftclidraidh  na  H-Alb*  air  a 
iigrioblixdli  aun  an  Gailig,  agus  air  a 
cur  K  uiacli  leis  an  urramacli  Aoughas 
Mac  CLoinnich.  Mholamaid  do  ar 
oairdibli  Gaidhealach  uile,  agus  do  tr 
luehd  ducLa  leia  an  ion!ii!uiiiin  cainnt 
am  niatliar  agus  eachdraidh  dutlialch 
an  ailhrichean  an  leabhar  fhaotainn 
agus  a  leughadh  gu  curamach  duracli- 
dacli  ;  aguR  ma  ni  iad  sin  geallaidh  sinn 
dhaibli  gum  bi  tiacli  an  saoithreach  aca. 
Le  mor  dhicliioU  chuir  an  t-ughdar  ri 
chelle  eachdraidh  ghrinn  ahnasmhor, 
fhirinneach,  agus  chruiunich  e  moran 
ann  am  beagando  euchdaibh  uau  seann 
laoch  agus  do  gbniomharalbh  treubh- 
antaisgliaisgeach  rioghachd  iia  h-Alba. 
Ma  tha  Gaidheal  sam  bith  loileacli  a 
blii  mion  eolacii  air  eachdraidh  a  dhu- 
ucha  cliomhairlicheamaid  dha  guu  dail 
an  leabliar  so  a  cheannaoh,  agu»  theid 
fcinu  an  urras  nacli  gabh  e  aitlireacLua 
ail-  Hon  «in. 


KAILTE   NA  BAN'-PHRIONNSA. 

'Mor  tha  lios  aig  ar  liichd-leughaidh 
cliuii'  sinn  failLo  cho  ci'idheil  's  a  b' 
urrainn  sinn,  air  a  Bhan'-Phrionnsa. 
's  a  cheud  ub-oamh  de  'n  Gaidlieal. 
Bho  'n  uair  sin, fliuair  sinn  mu'n  cuairt 
air  (bisan  litir  Ian  de  ranndaichean  air 
"  Failt(i  na  Ban'-Phrionnsa,"  agus  tha 
i.\d    a    tiL'hinn   fhathasd.    Tlui    sinn    a 


cheart  cho  dileas,  agus  cha  strioclid  sinn 
ann  andurachddo  'n  Bhan'-Plirionnsa', 
do  neacli  's  am  bith  ;  ach  an  ainm  an 
aigh,  a  chairdean,  mar  tha  'n  seann- 
fhacal  ag'  I'adli  :  "  foghnaidh  na  dh' 
flioghnas,  ge  b'  ann  de  dh'  aran  's  de 
dh'  im."  A  Theagamh  nach  tuig 
inòran  de  'r  luchd  leughaidh  an 
America,  an  seaiui-fhacal  so  ;  tha  e  relr 
coltaisa  ciaHachadh  nach  robh  'ii  t-aran 
's  an  tim,  aig  na  seann  daoine  coir  cho 
pailt  's  a  tha  e  aig  muinntir  Chanada. 

FREAGAIRTAN. 

Tha  siiiii  duili'.'li  gu  'in  fcurn  sinn  moran  de 
na  I'ha  air  ullachadh  againn  air  son  an  air- 
eamh so,  a  i-'hur  sentdiad  gus  an  ath  aireamh. 

jMar  fhreagairt  do  'n  cheisd  a  tha  p;u  minig 
air  fhaoighneachd  dhinn  :  "  Am  bheil  na  h- 
uachdranaiWi,  no  neach  's  am  bith  eile  a  paidh- 
cadh  fairadh  luchd-ii)mruich  gu  tighiiiu  do 
C'h.inada  ?  Iimsidli  sinn  an  so  nach  eil  cho 
fad  's  aithne  dhuinne.  Tha  uachdrayaibh: 
t'haiiada  a  tuirt  seachd  fcaraiin  saor,  agus  gach 
ruiiilinadh  eile  's  urrainn  iad  airsmi  dhaoine 
boehd,  a  chuidcaohadh  gu  dacliaidli  a  dhean- 
amh  dhoibh  fliein  's  an  duthaich  so.  (.'h8'nr> 
eil  teagamh  againn  nach  luthaigeadh  iad  'mar 
'n  cendiia  farradh  ilhaoine  a  pliaidh'adh,  ach 
eiia  'ii  eil  e,  rèidh  dhoibh  sin  a  dheauainh 
aig  an  am  so. 

-♦-o^. 

NITHK  NLTADIi  AOUS  SEAN. 
tViMiiAna.T.AN  AiTHOiii'ARn.  — Eisd  I'ium 
car  tiora  bej,g, — cha'n  eil  sch  fior  bhdagan- 
MSain  ri  riidh  riut — Ubhraidh  mi  c  ann  am 
facal  no  dlifk  ;  ach  '%  l^n-airidh  iad  air  suim 
agiis  motliuchadh. 

Tha  tri  nithe  anabharraeh  feumnil  do  mhac 
an  duiiie  san  t-saoghal — 's  iad  so,  BiADH, 
AODACH,  agus  CADAL.  Nam  bu  inhian  leat 
do  1ÒU  ithe  In  taitntachas,  ;igus  bias  math  a 
lihi  air,  saoitlirii'h  chum  a  chosnadk  ;  nam  bu 
mliiaun  leat  tlarhd  h  bhiagad  ann  an  aodaeh, 
piiigh  «  muu  euir  thu  iimad  e  ;  agus  nam  bu 
nihiaini  lent  cadal  math  fhaotainn,  thoirdeagh 
choguis  leat  do  d'  leaba'dh.  Dean  na  nithe 
sr>.  agus  biilh  tu  a'd'  dhuine  rothromach, 
snbhach,  a  thaobh  an  t-saoghail  so,  agus  a 
thaobh  an  t-saoghail  eilc.  Ma's  niiaim  leat  a 
iliealbbàchadh  ann  an  glòir,  lean  Esan  a 
thubhairt,  "  Is  mi.so  an  t-slighe."  Eaib 'na 
iobairt-ieite,  gluais  'na  clieumaiinaib,  gr^dh- 
i<di  e  ;  agus  nn  siii-))idh  tu  sona  san  t-saogh- 
al so,  agus  aims  an  t-saoghal  a  tha  ri  teachd. 
— Cuairtcir  nan  Glr.ann. 

A  Ghailio  Aoua  an  P^abhra—- -'S  aithno 
dlionisa  duiiie  araidh  Gaidhealach  'tha  posda 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


61 


ri  bean  uasal  Ghallda.  Bithidli  an  duine  so 
air  uniiibh  a  seinn  dha  fheiii  vannan  dlieth 
chainnt  mhaithreil.  Thuirt  a  l>heau  ris  aon 
h\  aruidh  agiis  e  ris  a  ghiiotburb  so.  "  B'- 
fliearr  leant  fein  gu'n  tugadb  tbu  tbaiiis  a 
blii  ris  a  cliainiit  mbosaicb  sin."  Cha  robh 
sud  a  cordadb  ri  ciidhc  a  (-biiidbeil,  agus 
'i  ann  a  thuirt  a  ris  fein  :  "  P.beir  niise  ort 
a  bhean  Ghallda,  gu  'n  aidicb  tbusa  air 
doigb  eile  tbaobh  irio  cbaiimt  uasail-sa." 
Agiis  mar  sin,  an  di'igh  dba  a  freagairt,  ag' 
radii  naih  robli  luosaiidi  's  am  bitb  co-cbean- 
gbailte  ris  a  cbainnt  aige-san.  Dli'  fheoraich 
e  dlii  "An  ciiala  tbu  liamh  dad  de  'n  a 
cbainnt  Eabhrach,  agus  ciod  e  'm  beacbd,  a 
tb'agad  oirrsa  ?"  "  Thoir  dlioinb  (ais  isi') 
earann  dhi,  agus  innsidli  mi  dbnit  cia  mar 
'a  eao:nh  learn  i  ?"  Cbunncaa  a  nis  gu  'a 
robh  igu  tuiteam  annsan  rib  a  sbnidhicbeaiih 
air  a  son  ;  agus  tbug  e  dbi  le  guth  cbo  glan, 
's  cbo  suidbicbtt^  'sa  b'urainn  da  na  briatbran 
a  leanas  : 

"  Bba  mi  'n  de  'm  Beinn  Dorainn, 
'S  na  coir  cha  robb  mi  aiueolacb  ; 
Chunnaic  mi  na  gleanntan, 
'S  na  bcanntan  a  b'  aithne  dhomh." 
"Sin  agad  a  nis  (ars  ise)  cainnt  ris  an  airidh 
cainnt  a  radh  !  "  C.    D. 

A  Deanamh  a  tri  as  na  dha. — Tba  e  air 
titbris  air  dnine  araidb  aig  nacb  robb  sgoil, 
's  am  bitb  e  fbein,  gu  'n  d'  cbuir  e  mhae  do 
'r.  Chollaisd  gu  ard  fhogliluin  a  tlioirt  da  ; 
agus  air  do  'n  ghille  tigbinn  dbachaidb  aig 
an  araidb,  dh'  fbaoidlinit^h  atbair  dbeith  ngus 
iada  suidbe  gu  'in  biadb  :  "  Cia  mar  a  blia  e 
faigbinn  air  adbairt  sa  Cbollaisil,  no  'in  1)' 
urrmim  e  dearbhadh  's  am  bitb  a  thoirt  seacb- 
ad  air  a''d  sgolaireacbd,  a  tbuigcadh  daoiiie 
gu  'n  fliogbluni  coltaeb  lia  fheiu  agus  ri  mlia- 
tbair?'(agus  ambavus  air  'n  t-seanii  duine  nai'h 
robb  'ngille  a  toirt  uiread  aire  do  'n  .sgoil  'a 
bu  clioit  ba).  Ars  an  gille  'sesealtuinii  mu'n 
cnairt  da,  's  a  faiciiin  tla  thuniiaig  rosta  air  a 
bhord  :  "  Nan  dearbbainii  dbuibb  gu  'm  Idieil 
tri  eoin  'n  sin  an  aite  na  dha  a  tlia  sibhs'  a 
faicinn,  naeh  biodh  .silib  riaraichte  ?"  "  Bhi- 
thadh  gx  'n  teagamh"  ars  athair.  Cbuir  an 
gille  an'  s,n  a)n  do  na  h-eoiii  an  (bua  taobh  ; 
••  .sin  agad  ion,"  ars  esan.  "  Ceart"  ars  athair. 
Cbuir  e  'u  sa)  na  dba  maille  ri  clieile  rithisd  ; 
"  Tha  dba  'nsin,"  (ara  esan)  agus  nach  e  aon 
agus  a  dba  a  tri:  "Se  gu'n  teagamh  ars 
athair,  's  mati.  a  fbuaras  tliu.  Goirid  an 
deigh  sin  thoisici.a  mhathair  air  na  h-eoin  a 
rOinn.  Chaisg  at.air  i  agradh  :  "  Cha  leig 
thu.sa  leas  a  bbean  dioir  na  b-enin  a  roinn, 
agus  gu'n  againn  a^di+iiur  ;  rinn  sgolaireacbd 
do  mliic  na  h-niread  ^n  a  dh'  I'lieum  dliuit 
mar  tha  ;  bheir  mise  Iwrn  am  fear  so  (agus  a 
toirt  leis  'n  dara  fear),  agl^  hiotli  'm  fear  beag 
sin  agad  fbein,  agus  fagan.id  an  tritbeanih 
fear  aigesan  slàii  air  son  a  sgUaireachd.      Cha 


dh'  fheuch  an  gille    'n   doigb  cunntaidh  so  a 
a  riamh  na  dheigh  timcbioil  air  a  bhord. 

DEAS     FHKF.AGAIRTAN. 

Tha  e  air  aithris  gu  'n  robb  dithis  bhrnith- 
ran,  agus  an  dara  fear  da  'm  b'  ainm  Tain  no 
Eoin  fo'n  ruaig  air  son  ni  eigin  a  rinn  e  as  an 
rathad.  Cha  robb  neach  a  latbair  a  dh'  aith- 
niciieadh  e  ach  a  brathair  fbein  ;  agus  bba 
'm  brathair  sin  air  a  mhionnacbadli  gu  'n  a 
iiinscadh  e  air,  no  gu'n  comharraicbeadh  e 
mach  a  bhrathair  do  'n  luchd  toraidid  nan 
tigeadh  e  's  an  rathad.  Air  dha  'bhrathair 
fhaicinn  a  tarsuinn  air  falbh  ann  an  eatbar, 
sheinn  e  an  rann  a  leanas  ;  oir  bba  e  air  son_a 
mbionnan  a  choinihlionadb  gu  'n  a  bhrathair 
a  bhrath  :  Agus  air  dhoibhsou  smuaineachadh 
gu  'u  rubh  e  faici  m  fhaoileagaii  no  eoiii  eile 
de  'n  t-seorsa,  cha  d'  chuir  iad  umhal  '.s  am 
bitb  : 

"  Chi  mi  e  '»  cha  cheil  mi  e, 

"S  air  mhile  bonn  cha  blirath  me  e, 
Chi  mi  Eoin  a  snamh  air  sruth, 
Sud  agaibh  e,  's  beiribh  air. " 

Bha  duine  a  bba  rò  tlieoma  air  guidheach- 
dan  a  falbh  an  rotbaid  ann  'n  carbud.  Chnir 
cbich  a  bha  's  an  rathad,  maille  air  a  charbad 
aige.  Ghlaoth  e  ri  scann  duine  a  bha  goirid 
uaitbe  ;  "  e  thogail  na  cloiche,  's  a  tilg<il  a 
dh'  ifrinn."  "  Cha  tilg"  ars  an  seaiin  duine, 
gii  socair.  's  e  ga  togail  's  ga  tilgeil  a  leith- 
thaobb,  "air  neo  nan  tilgeaijh,  dh'  fhaodadh 
i  '  hith  rithisd  na  do  rathad." 

Cha  mhio.sa  na  cuid  dbiubli  so,  am  freagairt 
a  ehnala  sinn  Dondiiiuil  MacR.  coir,  a  toirt  do 
dhuine  araidb,  air  'n  robh  e  g'  iarraidh  "  An 
Gaidhkai,,"  a  ghabhail  airson  bliadhna  ; 
"  'N  ann  aig  ceann  na  bliadbna(ars  an  dnine)' 
a  bhi'tbas  e  ri  vhaidlieadb  ?  " 'S  .mn  (ars 
DondinuU)  aig  a  cheud  cheann  dhi." 


TOIMHSEACHAIN. 
Bha  moran  thoimhseachain  de  'n  t-.seorsa 
so  air  feadh  na  Gaidhealtachd.  cuid  dhiu'  a 
bba  fior  theoma  agus  thaitneach  ;  acli  ma'  ri 
iomadh  ni  eile  de  'n  t-seorsa  tha  iad  a  nis  » 
doi  air  chall.  Bhiothadh  sinn  fada  'n  romain 
ar  cairdean  aig  'ni  bheil  cuirnhne  air  cuid  diu' 
so  na  'n  cuireadh  iad  da  'r  n'  ionnsuiilb  an 
an  dvasd  's  a  rithisd  iad.  Tha  sinn  a  cumail 
ua  freagairtan  do  na  toimhseachain  a  leanas 
air  ais  gus  an  ath  aireanih,  a  chum  's  gu  'm 
bi  tim  acasan  nach  tuala  roimh  so  iad,  feuch- 
ainn  an  dean  iad  a  mach  na  fieagairtan  ceart  : 

1.  An  rude  nach  eil.  nach  robb,  's  nach  bl  ; 
Sin  do  lamb  as  clii  tbu  e. 

2.  Cha  mhotha  e  na  graincan  eorna, 
'S  comhdaichidh  e  bord  an  righ. 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


3.   Togaiilh  'n  leinealih  beag  na  dhorn  e 
■•^3  S  cha  tog  da  dhuiiie  dheug  le  ròp'  e, 
^.''Diddlfman,  daddlpm.in,  gille  heag  dubh, 
5?ijTri  cliasaii  fodha,  agus  honaid  de  'u  fhiod'h. 
5.£Fear  beag  sporsail,  a  falljh  na  mointeach 
Le  spuir  's  botaiim  's  beiil  adliaire  air. 

6.  "Chunnaic  fear  gun  suilcan 
Ubhlan  air  a  ehraoibli, 

t'ha    d'tluig  e  ubhlan    di. 

'S  cha   d'fhag  e  ubhlan  oirre." 

7.  Chi  mi,  ohi  mi  fada  'nam, 
Tii  inilo  thai-  a  chuain, 

Fear  gun  fhuil,  gun  fiieoil,  gun  anail, 
G  imeachd  air  an  talamh  bhuan. 

8.  Chaidh  biadh  gu  dithis. 
Gu  ecinn  Loch  Maree  ; 
Dh'ith  am  biadh  'n  ilithis, 

'S  thiunig  am  biadh  dhachaidh  a  ris. 

9.  Chaidh  mi  le  biadh  triur, 

A  null  thar  lochan  an  fheidh, 

Dhith  am  lioadh  an  triuir 

'S  thaiuig  e  dhacliaidh  leis  fhein. 

10.  Tha  -Mogan  mollaeh,  mollacli, 
Sior  .shiubhal  a  mhonaidh  ; 
Cha  dath  gobhair,  no  caoire. 

No  dath  d'aoine  th'  air  Mogaa  niollach. 
n.   Ceithir  na  ruith,  ceithir  air  chrith, 

Dilhis  a  coimhead  'n  aghaidh  'n  adhair, 
'S  fear  eile  a  g'  eigheachd. 

12.  Bhaduincaraidhairsonfuighinnthairis 
air  loch  ;  bha  madadh-ruadh,  giadh  agus  adag 
eorua  aige  ri  thoirt  thairis  leis,— dhitheadh 
am  madadh-ruadh  an  giadh  agus  dhitheadh 
an  giadh  an  t-eorna,  's  bha  'n  tuigheam  aisig 
cho  beag  's  uach  b'  urainu  e  uch  aon  diubh  a 
thoirt  leis  comhladh.  Cia  mar  a  fhuair  e 
thairis  iad  ? 

i;j.  AisEAo  na.vCeakdan.— Bhaaigsea'nar 
cheanlaii,  triuir  fhear  agus  'n  truir  mhnathan, 
ri  faighiun  thairis  air  caolas  le  eathar  beag, 
nach  tugadh  leatha  aeh  dithis  comhladh. 
JBha  na  hr  ag'  iadaeh  ri  cheile,  agus  cha  'n 
fhaodadh  aon  de  na  mnathau   do]  thairis  ach 

e  fear  fhein  ;  ni  mo  a  dli'  fhaodadh  i  bhi 
lathair  air  taobh  seach  taobh  maille  ris  na  fir 
"le,  gu  'ii  a  fear  fhein  a  bhi  comhladb  rithc 
ph'  fhaodadh   na  mnatlian  a   dhol  a  null  no 

nail  le  cheile,  ach  gu'u  aon  de  na  (ir  eih;  a 
bhi  maille  riutha.  Cia  mar  a  fhuair  iad 
thairis  ? 


Frkagairt  do  na  ch.nid   tri  toimseachain, 
a  bha  's  a  clumd  aireamh  de  'n  Gkaidkeal. 

1.  Bior  a  chaidh  na  chois. 

2.  Da  shoitlieach  uisgc  a  bha  e  giulain. 

'i.   A  bliliadhna,  na  raitheaii,  na  seachduin- 
ean,  na  leitlieau,  agua  na  h-uairean. 


CUMHA  LE  MAIGHDION  OG  UASAL 
AIRSON  A  LEANNAIN,  AIR  DHA 
'BHI  'N   TIR  CHEIN. 

AiK  roy^~"  Ftar  a  bhàta." 
Luinntag. 
Air  faill  ill  Ò  ro,  '•  na  ho  ro  eile, 
Air  faill  ill  Ò  ro  's  na  h-òro  ^ile. 
Air  faill  ill  Ò  ro  '«  na  h-6  ro  eile, 
Tha  mise  brònach  bho  Thriell  mo  cheudghaol. 
Cha  'u  iognadh  mise  'bhi  tulrseach  bròuach 
'S  mo  Rothach  fhin  gun  'bhi  go  a  ehomhuuidh, 
I'm  Baile  Dha'idh"  toirt  iùl  do  'n  ògradh, 
A'a  mise  'g  acain  'sa  sileadh  dheòrnn. 

Air  faill  ill  Ò  ro,  Ac. 
Tha  mise  cianail  bho  thriuU  mo  ehàr  bhuara. 
An   t-òg-laoch   gaisgeant'    'bho   math    's   n» 

blàruibh  ; 
A  liha  na  fhoghlumnch  anns  gach  cÀnsin, 
Bho  Bheurla  Shaauinn  gu  Gailig  Adhamh. 

Air  faill  ill  Ò  r6,  &c. 
Tha  mi  Ikn  airtneal — tha  m'  aigue  eianail, 
Mo  ehòm  ua  lasair — le  gaol  air  lionadh  ; 
Tha  gach  uair  dhomh  cho  fad  ri  hliadhna 
'S  mar  d'  thig  e  dhachaidh,  bi'dh  m'  fhalt  air 

liatha<lh.  Air  faill  ill  ò  ro,  Ac. 

Mar  gam  faiceadh  sibh  fiadh  air  mòinteich, 
'S  e  sile  fola  an  d'eise  a  leòuadh, 
Aon  bheathach  eile  eha  teid  e  'n  cor  da — 
Mar  sin  tha  mise  bho  thriall  an  t-oigear  ! 
Air  faill  ill  Ò  ro,  &c. 
Mar  gam  faiceadh  sibh  long  air  cuaintean, 
'S  na  tonnaii  beacach  a  streuji  mu  'n  uuairt  Ji, 
A  ghaoth  a  seideadh,  's  na  spt-urau  gruamajli, 
Mar  sin  tha  mise  bho  thriall  mo  luaidh  bhuim. 

Air  faill  ill  Ò  ro,  kc. 
A'  laidhe  'm  anaraoeh,  tha  mi  làu  airtneil. 
Air  uiiigh  fhliiir  's  beag  mo  shurd  ri  ca('al  ; 
Magheibh  mi  drub  dhethld'dh  tu  na'm  ashng 
'S  an  am   dhomh  dùsgadh   's  tu  m'  ùrnaigh 

mhaduinn.  Air  faill  ill  Ò  ro,  Xc. 

Ach  bithidh  mi  fliathast  ami  an  dòclia.s, 
Gun  tig  thu  dhachaidh  le  pailteas  stdrais, 
Gu  Sraid-a-Chaisteilt  far  'm  beil  mi  chòmh- 

niiidh, 
'S  guu  tig  am  parson  gu  grad  g'ar  pòsadh  I 
Air  faill  ill  Ò  rtk  &c. 
Et-an.  gafrtagairt. 
A  Shara  eudail  tha  mise  brònach 
Bho  riun  mi  d'  fhigall  a  reul  na-i  oighean  ; 
A.ch  th^id  mi  dhachaidh  m'arfoirid  beò  mi — 
'S  })'  e  neamh  air  thalamh  'blV  riutsa  pòsadh  ! 
Air  faill  ill  ò-rò,  's  na  \-o-ro  eile, 
Air  full  ill  ù-ro,  's  nanò-ro  eile. 
Air  faill  ill  ò-ro,  's  nih-Oro  eile, 
Tha  mise  brònaeh  blodii'  fhag  mi  m'  eiteig 

.''ILIDII  NAM   BeANN. 

Inbherncis,  1871. 

*  'Sa    Bbdurlft    Da"d'»-ton,   bail*    b»ag  a    tU  "alg 
CfDUipa. 

t  Sraid-a-Chaiat"!  «nn  au  Inbherneis. 


A'N  G^IDHEAL.  63 


BLAR  MAGH  LEUNA, 

EADAR.    CUCHILLINN,    FEAE-RIAGHLAIDH    EIRINX,    A»US     SUARAN, 
RIGH  LOCHLAIN. 
Lb  Oisein. 
Bha  Ciichuillinn 'n  a  fhenr-riaghUidh  air  Eiresnn,  sm  feadh  'f  a 
bha  nn  righ,  Cormac  Mac-Airt,  'n  a  ùifce.     Anns  an  am  sin  thninig; 
Sunran,  righ  LocliUin,  1«   fenchd  laidir,   nn   Pghnidh   Eirinn,   sgnt 
chaidh  e  air  tir  f  asg  air  Tur^,  fir  an  robh   Cuchnillinn  a  tuineadh 
Chunnacas  cabhlach  Shn.ira'n  roimhe  sin,  agus  chnir    Cuchuillinn 
fios  gu  Fionn,  air  pon  conaidh.    Ach  chaidh  Cuchuillinn  nn  aghaidh 
nanLochlannach.mr.s  and'  thainig  Fionn  ;  aguschatheri  Suaranair 
Majh-Louna,  sn  Ulainn. 

Mar  stoirm  fhaoghair  'ruith  bho  dha  bheinn, 
Gn  cheile  ghrad  tharrninn  na  trein  ; 
Mar  shruth  laidir  cas  bho  dha  chraig, 
Ag  aomadh  's  a  taomadh  air  faich, 

Fuaimear,  dorcha  a's  garg  's  a  bhlàr 
Thachair  feachd  Innis-faiP  a's  Lhochlain. 
Gach  ceaimard  a  spealt-chleas  ri  sàr, 
A's  a  dhaoine  ri  Jhàimh  a  cosgairt. 

Bha  gach  cruaidh  a  screadan  air  cruaidh, 
Agns  clogaidoan  shuas  'g  an  sgoltadh, 
Fail  a  dortadh  gii  dlùth  mu  'n  cnairt, 
[A's  air  takimh  gu  luath  a  spoltadh.] 

Bha  taiteid^  a  fuaim  air  min  iuthar, 
A's  gathan  a  siubhal  troi  'n  speur, 
Sleaghan  briste  a  tiiiteam  gun  phudhar, 
Mar  dhealaiii  air  mulhich  ant  shlèibh. 

Mar  onfhaidhean  beucach  a  chuain, 
Nuair  a  ghluaiseas  an  tonn  gu  'h-ard, 
Mar  an  torrunn  air  cùl  nan  cruach, 
Bha  gruaim  agus  farum  a  bhlàir. 

Ged  bhitheadh  ceud  bard  Chormaic  ann, 

A's  an  dan  a  togail  a  bhlàir, 

Cha  b'  urrainn  daidh  aithris  ach  gann 

Gach  coluinn  gun  cheann  a's  gach  bàs. 

Bu  Ihionar  bàs  fhear  agus  thriath, 

'M  i'uil  a  sgaoileadh  air  sliabh  an  air. 

Bithibh  brònach,  a  shiol  nan  dan, 

Mu  Shithàluinn,  ceann  nan  grabh-thriath, 

Agus  togsa,  Eibhir,  t'  uchd  ban 

ÌÌ.VL  og  Ardan,  sàr  nan  colg  fiar.  ^ 

Mar  dha  eilid  thuit  iad  's  an  reidh, 
Fo  ihaimh  Shuarain,  treun  nan  donn  sgiath, 
Nuah  a  ghluais  e  roi  mhiltibh  le  feum, 
Amhufl  tannas  an  speur  nan  nial. 

1  I^Tcann.  2  Sreang  bogha. 


AN  GAIDIIEAL. 


Fuar  thannas  a  shuidheas  an  scleò, 
A's  e  sgeadaicht'  le  ceo  hho  thuath. 
Nu:iii-  a  dh'  aomas  am  iruivaieli  iinch  beò 
SealJadh  bròiu  air  barniibh  nan  sluadh. 

Nior  chadail  do  Ihamh  ri  do  ihaobh, 

A  thriath  Tunis  is  caoino  sian," 

IJha  do  Ihann  ann  an  astar  nan  fnobh, 

Mar  dhealan  a  baoills<^etidh  air  slia])h 

Nuair  a  thuiti^as  an  slaa<4h  anns  a  glileann, 

'S  a  bhios  a^ihaidh  nam  beann  'n  a  caoir.* 

^N  sin  shrann  an  Dubh  sroingheal"  tharseoid, 
'S  nhio-h  Sith-fada"  a  bhròzam  luil 
Lh.iidh  <!:ais'4Ìch  'n  a  dhoi'j:h('  gu  leoir, 
Mar  ehaoille  air  torr  nan  tnil, 
Nuair  ghkiaiseas  osag  troi  'n  Jhraocli, 
Giulain  tannasan  faoiu  na  h-oich'. 

Bi  denrach  air  carrais;  nam  fiiaim, 
Nhiirhean  unsal  Innis  nan  Loiur ; 
A's  ]ùb  do  g-hnuis  aluiiin  thair  chnan 
Thus'  a's  glaine  na  I'uath'  air  torn, 
A  dh'  pireas  mall,  mòthar  suas, 
Mar  ghath-greine  air  crui.ich  nan  tonn. 

Oir  thuit  e  ('s  2:rad  thuit  e)  's  a  bhlar : 
Ata  oic^-fhoar  do  o-hràidh  <j;nn  taar, 
Fo  ehonr-lann  Chuchnilliim  bu  shàr — 
A  dh  'f  hà<^  e  co  ban  a's  co  fuar. 

Cha  <2:hluais  e  g-u  cruadal  gu  bràth, 

A's  cha  bhuail  e  luil  ard  nan  s  loi  : 

Thnit  Treunfhi^ar,  Ò2;  Threunfli.nxr,  gu  bàs  ; 

Oigh,  chan  fhaic  thu  do  ghradh  a  chaoidh. 

Ta  mhiolchoin  a  caoineadh  gu  trom 
Alir  bailc  nan  sonn  's  iad  mu  thaibhs;' 
Ta  liho'zha  gun  taifeid  's  e  lorn  ; 
Air  an  tom  ta  iarum  a  bhàis. 

Mar  dh'  aomas  mile  tonn  gu  trài<ih,* 
A  ghluais  fo  Shuaran  borb  na  dàimh* 
Mar  thach'  rcas  traigh  ri  mile  tonn, 
A  thaciiair  Eireann  's  righ  nan  long 

An  sin  bha  guthan  garbh  a  bhais, 
Mcasg  toii-m  na  <iàire-cath  a's  cruaidh, 
*  Bha  sgiathan  's  m  lile  bi-ist  air  lar, 

A's  lann  's  j^ach  laimh  mar  dhealan  shu^s. 

3  'Se  'nt  Eilein   Sgi;it]ianach  a  tha  c  cialltichadh,  f^r  nn  d'  n^adh  b  an  do  thogadh 
Cuchuillinn. 

* 'N  a  laxair  tlioin-.        5  Na  h-eich  aigCncliiiillinn.         G  Tnblie.  9  >fa  coigrich. 

V  Blia  iad  a  rreidHÌnn,  blio  slioan,  gu.u  faiceadb  toin,  txilee--^  i»*ddi  iiiarbh. 
8  Tlia  'm  fonn  ag'  atharrauhadh  an  go. 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


65 


Bha  fu;iim  a  bhlàir  bho  thaobh  gu  taobh, 
'S  an  còrai*:  beuchdach,  creuchdach,  teth, 
Mar  iomacl  ord  a  bualadh.  baoth,  ^ 

Bho  'n  teallach  dhubh-dliearg  caoir  ma  n  seaati 

Co  iad  sud  air  I^euua  nan  sliabh  ? 
Co  's  duirche,  's  is  fiadhaiche  gruaim  ? 
Co  is  cosmhuil  ri  iiial  bn  chiàr,  . ,,   ^ 

Lann  gach  triath  mar  theine  air  stuaidh  ? 

Ta  bruaillean  air  aghaidh  nan  torn, 
A's  chrith  carraiz  nan  tonn  air  tràigh  ! 
Co  a  t'  aim  ach  Suaran  nan  long, 
A's  triath  Eirinn  mn  'm  fonnar  dain  ? 
Ta  suil'  nan  slò.z:h  ag;  amharc  claon 
Air  suinn  nach  b'  fhaoni  ag  anmadh  suas 
Ach  thnit  an  oich'  air  cath  r.an  laoch, 
A's  cheil  i  stri  nun  saoi  gun  bhuaidh. 

AUl  BUAIDH  AN  T-S()ISaEIL. 
Air  Fonn — ''Mios  Deirimicarh  an  Flwiihai?:'' 
Nuair  a  sheallas  mi  mn  'n  cnairt  domh, 
Gu  'r  mòr  namhas  cor  an  t-saoghail, 
Nan  cadal  fo  chniiig  -Ax  Satan, 
'S  iad  a  bàsachadh  na  miltean, 
A  sahairt  air  fnil  na  rèitP, 
'S  air  Mac  Dhe  gii'n  d'  rinn  iad  dimeas, 
'Ni  chuir  ioghantas  air  aingloan, 
A  chrochadh  ri  crann  mar  iobairt. 

Gur  mòr  a  chulaidh  smaointoan, 

Bhi  laicinn  dhaoino  doanamh  tair 

Air  iobairt  PiiioxxsA  N.\  Sithe', 

Chaidh  a  dhiteadh  n'ar  'aite, 

An  teaffasg  phri^eil  thug  e  leiii  dhuinn 

Nuair  bha  Nicod^mus  lamh  ris, 

G-un  robh  'n  ath-bhreith  o'n  ^piorad  Naomha 

Mar  tha  ghaoth  'n  obair  nàduir. 

So  creideamh  'n  aghaidh  dochais 

Thng  urram  's  gloir  do  dh'Abram  ; 

Cha  d'  chuir  e  teagamh  san  sgeul'. 

Gum  biodh  a  shliochd  marreiiltanair  aireamh; 

Thug  e  aoidheachd  do  na  h-aiiiglean, 

Mharbh  e'm  meann  a  dè'anamh  càisg  dhoibh, 

'S  leum  a  chridhe  le  aoibhneas 

Nuair  chual  e  gu'm  biodh  oighr'  aig  Sarah. 

Seumas,  Eoin  agusPeadar, 
Bha  na  'n  seasamh  air  beinn  Thaboir, 
Chunnaic  iad  an  sealladh  mor  ud, 
losa  comhradh  ris  na  Fairlhean, 
])hlutha,ich  orra  sgaik^  gloirmhor, 
Thainig  bho  na  neoil  le  dearsadh, 


66  AN  GAIDHEAL. 


Chuar  iad  auth  o'  na  speuraii, 

Gu  eisdeachd  ri  ]\Iac  a  <4-liraidh-san. 

Slid  an  G:ràdh  'tha  do-innsoadh 
Dh'fhoillsich  ail  ihirinn  dhomhsa  : 
(Inn  d'thaini<:r  am  Facal  cho  dioblaidJi 
Clmm  's  gu'n  diteadh  iad  san  fhnoil  e, 
Umhal  do  bhas  a  chroinn-clieusaidh, 
Si  f  hiiil  iein  a  riiin  e  dhortadh, 
'S  ire  iobairt  Captain  ar  slainnto 
Grheibli  sinn  gras  aig;  cathair  tròcair. 

Be  'n  t-iongantas  da  rireadh, 
'Ni  chaidli  inivscadh  leis  na  Faidhran, 
G-'un  d'thigeadh  Mac  Dhe  do'n  t-saoi?hal 
Chum  an  cinne-daon'  a  thearnadh. 
Diomhaireachd  mhor  na  diadhachd 
An  t-Athair  siorvnidli  ghabli  ar  nadur, 
Toirt  air  ais  do  na  ])raighdean. 
An  ni  chaiil  iad  ann  an  Adhamh. 

Siblise  tha  g'  aideachadh  na  ilrinn, 
Leanibh  arii  Biobnl  mar  lochran' 
Cumaibh  'ur  cridho  daonan 
Air  a  ghaol  a  chaidh  thar  eolais. 
Prtonnsa  rioghail  theaghlach  Dhaibhidh 
Gun  d'chuireadh  gu  has  'san  f  heoil  e, 
Nuair  thi"'  e  'rist  Bidh  'phobul  aoi])hneach, 
Bheir  na  li-ainglean  iad  na  chonihail. 

Nuair  thig  losa  leis  na  h-aingloan, 
Rid'h'  a  naimhdean  lb  Ian  uamhas 
Cha  robh  iad  umhal  do'n  fhirinn 
'S  ma'n  Bhiobal  bha  iad  suarach. 
Cluinnidh  iad  am  Bveitheamh  gloinnlior, 
Toirt  seaehad  an  ordugh  bh'uaidh', 
"  Sgìùrsaidli  o  iad  mar  na  gobh'raibh, 
Gu  ionad  dorainn  is'  truaigho." 

Sud  an  la  bhios  mòr  a.oibhneach 

Do'n  mhuinntir  a  f'huair  trocair, 

Cluinnidh  iad  fuaim  na  trompaid, 

'S  theid  an  dusgadh  an  cuirp  "-hloirmhor ; 

Air  an  cruinneachadh  le  ainglean, 

An  trusgan  bainnse  nan  oighean  ! 

Bitbidh  iad  uile  air  an  crùnadh, 

'S  inneal  ciùil  ac'  seinn  le  solas. 

Nuair  thig  Leoghan  Og  threubh  luda, 
Chum  ar  dusgadh  as  na  h-uaighibh, 
Ghtnbh  sinn  pailloanan  ùra, 
An  aite  a  chuirp  bhrùideil  thvuailldh. 
Cha  bhi  plan,  no  smal,  no  bròn  oirn', 
Glanaidh  o  na,  dooir  'o  r  gruaidhibh, 
Mach  sa  steach  mar  chunnaie  Eoin, 
Am  Baile-Mor  nan  clachan  luachmhor. 


TIEI  E 


SCOTTISH  HIGHLANDER, 

AN  ENGLISH  SUPPLEMENT  TO  "THE  GAEL." 

A  GAELIC  MAGAZINE  AND  MEWEPAPLR  PUBLISHED  BY^  HIOHOLSON  &  G0->  TORONTO.  OANADA,  AIID  GLASGOW.  SCOTLAND- 


THE  GAELIC  LANGUAGE. 

BY    P1COF36SOE.   JOHN    STUART    BLACKIE. 

The  following  lecture  on  the  Gaelic 
Language  was  delivered  by  Professor 
Blackie,  of  Edinburgh,  in  the  New  Hall, 
Oban,  on  the  22nd  of  September  last, 
under  the  auspices  of  the  Oban  Scientific 
and  Literary  A.ssociation.  The  subject 
was  treated  in  an  able  and  intereeting 
manner,  as  mignt  be  expected  from  the 
well  known  attainments  of  the  lecturer 
After  being  introduced,  the  learned  Pro- 
fessor spcjke  as  follows  : — 

"  It  is  now  about  forty  years  sine*  Dr. 
Prichard,  by  a  work  well  knt)wn  to  phi- 
lologers,  caused  the  Celtic  languages  of 
Greit  Britain,  Ireland,  and  France  to  be 
generally  acknowledged  as  legitimate 
branches  of  the  great  Aryan  family.  That 
family  comprises  five  great  branches, 
spread  geographically  over  the  globe 
from  the  Ganges  to  St,  Kilda,  and  from 
the  Cape  Matapan  to  Iceland — viz.  (1) 
the  Oriental  branch,  containing  Sanscrit, 
one  of  the  oldest  and  most  perfect  forms 
of  the  family,  and  Persic  :  (2)  the  Greco- 
Roman  branch,  containing  the  two  famous 
classical  languages,  one  still  alive  in  a 
green  old  age,  and  the  other  surviving 
under  the  modified  forms  of  Italian, 
French,  and  the  other  Romanesque  lan- 
guages ;  (3)  the  Teutonic  branch,  con- 
taining a  great  variety  of  dialects,  from 
the  extinct  Maeso-Gothic  to  the  existing 
Norse,  German,  and-Dutch  ;  (4)  the  Sla- 
vonic branch,  of  which  Russian,  Bohe- 
mian, and  Polish  are  the  principal  varie- 
ties; and  (5)  the  Celtic  branch,  comprising 
Gaelic,  Irish,  Welsh,  and  Manx,  all 
spoken  languages  of  the  United  Kingdom, 
and  the  Armorican  dialect  spoken  by  the 
peasants  in  Britanny,  the  original  fathers 
of  the  great  Cymric  race  that  at|  an  early 
date  peopled  the  whole  of  England  till  it 


was  driven  within  the  mountain  barrier 
of  Wales  by  the  invasion  of  the  Romans, 
and  the  occupation  of  the  East  and  South 
East  districts  of  Britain  by  hordes  of 
Teutonic  settlers  from  Saxony,  Denmark 
and  Norway.  All  these  languages  now 
stand  to  one  another  in  the  recognized 
relation  of  brothers  and  sisters  ;  except 
only  in  so  far  as  secondary  languages, 
like  French  and  Italian,  may  rather  ba 
said  to  stand  in  the  filial  relation  to  the 
paternal  Latin  from  which  they  sprang. 
But  as  to  the  five  great  stocks,  though 
we  may  say,  on  scientific  grouitds,  that 
one  of  them  is  more  ancient  than  the 
other,  in  so  far  as  it  possesses  certain 
ancient  forms,  which  in  the  other  branches 
have  suffered  corrupti(jn,  I  scarcely  think 
there  is  any  fair  ground  for  »»serting  that 
one  of  these  groat  branchei,  as  a  whole, 
is  (dder  or  younger  than  another.  If  it 
be  true,  for  instance,  in  one  very  obvioun 
sense  that  French  is  younger  than  Latin, 
because  it  it  a  recent  modification  and 
corruption  of  Latin,  it  is  equally  true  in 
the  same  sense  that  Gaelic  is  younger 
than  Latin  ;  for  the  Gaelic  athair  is  just 
as  manifest  a  corruption  of  pater  as  the 
French  pere.  But  though  not  a  few  roots 
and  infectional  forms  in  Gaelic  are  mani- 
fest corruptions  from  the  Latin,  this 
merely  proves  that  certain  classes  of 
words  have  undergone  a  greater  amount 
of  attrition  in  the  Celtic  than  in  the 
Roman  branch  of  the  original  stock ;  but 
no  man,  on  such  grounds,  is  entitled  to 
lay  down  the  wholesale  proposition  that 
the  language  of  the  modern  Highlanders 
is  a  modern  language,  standing  in  the 
sam.e  relation  to  Latin  that  French  does. 
As  a  whole,  Gaelic  is  no  doubt  as  ancient 
as  either  Greek  or  Latin  ;  for  history  dis- 
tinctly testifies  that  the  Celts  were  one 
of  the  earliest  drifts  of  population  that 
came  from  the  table  lands  of  Asia  to  the 


68 


SUPPLEMENT  TO  THE  GAEL. 


West ;  and  when  they  came  of  course 
they  brouglit  their  language  witli  them  ; 
but  beyond  this  1  am  not  prepared  to  go. 
For  thongli  it  may  not  be  dithcult  to 
point  out  in  tlie  existing  Celtic  dialects 
•ome  radical  vrords  from  which  only  de- 
rivations exist  in  Greek  and  Latin,  it 
may  on  the  other  hand  be  equally  easy  to 
put  one'g  finger,  in  Latin  nr  Greek,  on 
certain  roots  from  which  the  present 
Gaelic  exliibits  oiily  a  few  feeble  and 
fragmentary  remains.  Dismissing  there- 
fore all  unanawerable  questions  to  the 
comparative  antiquity  of  the  different 
members  of  the  great  Aryan  family,  we 
will  proceed  to  analyse  the  Gaelic  lan- 
guage as  it  actually  e.cists,  and  see  of  what 
materials  it  is  made  up.  Now  in  this  in- 
quiry we  are  immediately  met  with  a 
phenomen<jn  which  an  analogy  borrowed 
from  the  rocks  at  Oban  will  onahlo  us 
readily  to  understand.  The  beautiful  clifl's 
which  run  along  the  shore  of  v/h;\t  lias 
been  not  unjustly  called  our  "Celtic 
Naples"  are  composed  of  v/hat  geologists 
call  a  cf)nglomerate  ;  now  such  a  cringlom- 
erate,  or  hotch-potch  of  various  inorganic 
elements'  is  a  proper  image  of  the  charac- 
ter of  the  English  language,  and  enables 
us  to  understand  what  the  character  of 
the  Gaelic  is  by  tlie  law  of  contraries.  If 
you  know  what  black  is  you  can  amagine 
something  a3  far  removed  fromthataspos- 
sible,  and  thi.s  will  be  white.  Now  (iaelic, 
like  Greek,  Sanscrit,  and  German,  is 
not  a  composite  language  like  Englisli, 
but  an  original  language  growing  out  of 
its  own  root  ;  and  the  admixture  which 
it  has  suffered  from  without  ia  not  so 
much  in  the  way  of  a  vital  grafting  as  of 
»  mere  mechanical  accretion.  Those  who 
know  German  are  aware  how  many  words 
borrowed  from  Latin,  Greek,  and  specially 
French,  are  constantly  used  in  the  familiar 
discourse,  as  well  as  in  the  scientific  style 
of  our  trans-Rhenane  brethorou  ;  but 
however  many  theao  woi-da  may  be,  Lhey 
are  still  strangers,  and  are  immediately 
recogjiizod  as  auoh.  Exactly  so  with 
Gaelic.  The  British  Celts,  as  a  com- 
paratibely  uncivilised  people,  have  from 
the  earliest  times  bean  Bubject  to  various 
superior  social  influences  which  ha/o  left 
their  most  manifest  marks  in  tlie  coiuiuon 
materials  of  the  spoken  language.  Some 
of  thesa  materials  have  been  more 
thoroughly  incorporate!  iut)  the  origiial 
mass,    BO   »8  almost   to   hive  lo^t    i.iioir 


foreign  look  ;  such,  for  instance,  as  eaa- 
biiig  from  episcopus,  pcacadh  from  par.ca- 
tìiìit;  and  not  a  few  others  of  theologic*- 
or  ecclesia.stical  orgiri.  The  German  lan- 
guage notwithstanding  its  pure  Teutonic 
type  possesses  words  of  a  similar  charac- 
ter su«h  as  Mancr  fvommurna,  and  ^<ras- 
sc  from  l^liafiim,  both  indicative  of  the 
social  sup!  riority  of  the  Romans  in  the 
arts  of  road-making  and  building.  In  an- 
alysing the  materials  of  the  Gaelic  lan- 
guage, therefore  wc  shall  in  the  first  place 
have  to  diswmnt  all  borrowed  word.s — ■ 
that  is  words  cei-tainly,  or  very  probably, 
not  of  tjio  original  stock,  but  adopted 
from  neces.sity  or  convenience  ;  and  this 
adoption,  in  the  case  of  Gaelic,  may  have 
taken  place  eitlierfrem  heathen  Home,  or 
ecclesiastical  Rome,  or  from  Scandinavia 
during  the  four  hundred  years  of  the 
Norse  dominion  in  Orkney  and  tlie  He- 
brides, or  again,  from  Lowland  Scotch, 
when  Scotch  was  the  language  of  the 
Scottish  Court  and  the  Scotti-'h  gentry, 
or  finally,  from  English,  when,  as  now, 
English  has  become  the  language  of  all 
well  educated  persons  in  every  part  of 
the  United  Kingdom.  After  these  foreign 
elements  have  been  carefully  stowed  away 
into  a  seperate  compartment.  tliere  re- 
mains the  great  mass  of  original  root  of 
the  language,  and  the  derivatives  and 
compounds  which  proceed  froni  them, 
just  in  the  same  way  that  branches  grow 
from  a  tree,  or  an  apple  pie  is  maile  out 
of  apples.  Now,  a  thoroughly  compre- 
hensive and  exhaustive  classification  of 
these  original  materials,  or  radical  ele- 
ments of  the  Gaelic  tongue,  has  nut,  so 
far  as  I  know,  as  yet  been  made  ;  it  is, 
indeed,  no  easy  matter  to  do,  for  in  ad- 
dition to  Latin,  Greek,  and  German, 
Sanscrit,  Anglo-Saxon,  and  the  Norse, 
languages  would  be  iieceasary  in  some 
ca-ies  for  a  strictly  scientific  conclusion. 
But.  witliout  protending  to  settle  every 
curious  detail  and  every  slippery  relation, 
it  may  be  laid  down  certainly,  as  the  re- 
sult of  Ebel's  researches,  that  in  Gaelic 
there  is  contained  a  strong  original 
Litin  element,  and  a  Teutonic  element 
of  not  much  inferior,  perhaps  of  equal, 
weight.  As  the  L  itin  element  in  Gaelic 
is  *^hit  which  will  1)3  recognized  by  the 
greatest  nutuber  of  educ  ited  persons  in 
tills  country,  I  will  set  down  here  some  of 
the  most  striking  roots  oinmon  to  Latin 
and  Gaelic  from  a  list  male  by  myself : — 


SUPPLEMENT  TO  THE  (JAEL. 


69 


Gaelic. 

Latin. 

Gaelic 

Latin 

Ach 

Ager 

Cinn 

Gigno 

At;us 

A.; 

Coileach 

GalluR 

Air 

Aro 

Coille 

Silva 

A 11  nil 

Aiihelo 

Creadh 

Cieta 

ArMiar 

Arviuu 

Ciidhe 

I'or-dis 

Anl 

ArJuus 

Cu 

Can-is 

Alhair 

PatiT 

Cuir 

Sero 

Ba 

Bos 

Danili 

Dama 

Blia 

Fui 

Deas 

Dfxter 

Beinn 

J'inna 

Dia 

Dtus 

F^iui 

FlllKÌllS 

Droniii 

Dorsum 

Biisng 

Bus^are 

Diir 

IJurus 

Brathair 

Frater 

Each 

Equus 

Bior 

Veni 

Ear 

Kurus 

Caivden 

Cams 

Eadtr 

Iiit.r 

Ciiluiuan 

Coliuiibii 

Uiske 

Aqua 

Ce 

<,iui 

Eairach 

Ver_ 

CVod 

(.'(•do 

Easg 

I'iscis 

Ceil 

Cclo 

Eil-.- 

Alius 

These  are  ouly  a  few  of  the  most  obvious 
roots,  taken  from  the  first  letters  of  the 
alphabet  ;  a  full  catalogue  of  genuine 
Latin  roots  in  Gaelic  would,  I  imagine, 
certainly  amount  to  about  two  or  three 
hundred.  But  it  is  not  only  by  the  radi- 
cal material  of  Gaelic  that  its  afEnites 
are  indicated — it  is  even  more  visible  in 
what  pliilologers  call  the  formative  ma- 
chinery of  the  language  ;  that  is  to  say 
those  prefixes  or  affixes  to  roots,  or  mod- 
ifications of  roots  themselves,  by  conson- 
antal or  vocalic  variation,  whicli  are  used 
to  mark  the  relation  which  one  root  bears 
to  another,  f>r  to  itself  under  a  peculiar 
aspect.  Of  this  formative  part  of  lan- 
guage the  flexional  terminations,  by  which 
the  cases  of  nouns  are  designated,  as  also 
the  tenses  and  moods  of  verbs,  are  the 
most  familiar  exam])les  ;  and  here  we 
find  in  Gaelic  a  strange  mixture  of  Latin, 
Greek,  and  Teutonic  elements.  For 
wiich  the  r  of  the  Gaelic  passive  voice 
is  most  peculiarly  and  characteristically 
Latin,  the  s  of  the  future  indicative,  and 
the  inn  of  the  conditional  is  as  manifestly 
Greek.  Among  the  adjectival  termina- 
tions, ail  or  eil,  as  in  Icdhail  is  one  of  the 
n^ost  common  in  Latin  ;  while  the  famil- 
iar ach  is  doubtless  indentical  with  the 
ic  in  rhetoric,  public,  which  is  both  Greet 
and  Latin.  Tn  the  declension  of  the  sub- 
stantives again  we  find  i-emarkable  analo- 
gies with  the  German  ;  viz.,  the  use  of  11, 
in  the  plural,  and  the  modification  of 
the  root  vowel,  which  in  German  is  con- 
fined to  the  plural  number  as  in  brudtr 
br-neder,  but  in  Gaelic  denotes  also  the 
oblique   cases  of  the  singular  as  cu  coin, 


hrog  broige,  alt,  uilt  and  a  host  of  others. 
Into  the  particuiar  laws  w  ich  regulate 
the  i)assage  of  a  word  from  Latin  in  Gae- 
lic, or  from  Gaelic  in  Latin  if  that  phraise 
be  prefered ,  I  Cannot  here  enter.  It  is 
subject  Trhich  presents  some  phenomena 
extremely  interesting  to  the  professional 
philologer,  but  for  a  popular  view  of  the 
general  character  of  the  Gaelic  tongue 
other  aspects  claim  a  preferance,  some  of 
which  I  now  proceed  to  state.  1  will  di- 
rect attention  in  the  first  place  to  some 
characttrif,tic  exctllenciesof  the  Gaelic  a* 
compared  with  other  languages,  and  then 
to  some  of  its  most  prominent  defects  ; 
and  1  will  then  conclude  with  ecme  jrac- 
tical  remarks  on  the  unwortliy  neglect  in 
which  the  language  has  fallen,  and  the 
duty  and  pleasure  of  its  cultivation.  The 
firstofthete  three  excellencies  of  the  Gaelic 
has  already  been  alluded  to,  viz.,  its  or- 
iginal andself-formativecharacter.  Herein 
it  poEsesseB  a  notable  fiiperiorify  over 
aill  such  mongreal  languages  as  English, 
and  falls  under  the  same  chapter  of 
praise  as  Sanscrit,  Greek,  German,  and 
Russian.  It  possesses  the  character  and 
l^reEents  the  aspect  of  an  organic  natural 
growth,  while  English  is  only  a  mantle  of 
motley  tissue,  or  a  pavement  of  varioua 
colored  stones.  Thai  Gaelic-speaking  per- 
sons have  been  largely  in  the  habit  of 
borrowing  from  English  is  only  too  true, 
but  in  doing  so  they  have  acted  contrary 
to  the  genius  of  their  own  language,  which 
like  Greek,  delights  in  original  composi- 
tion. So  for  example,  in  Rom.  xii.  2  the 
words  "  tronsformed"  and  "renewed," 
are  rendered  by  the  genuine  Gaelic  com- 
pounds crnth-afharrachadh,  and  ath-nua- 
dhachadh,  words  formed  exactly  fr(}m  the 
type  of  <he  Greek,  from  which  they  are 
translated  ;  whereas  the  corresponding 
English  words  are  formed  not  out  of  or- 
iginal English  roots,  but  by  mere  adop- 
tion from  the  Latin.  In  the  same  war 
the  names  of  animals  in  Gaelic  often  dis- 
play beautifully  the  original  formative 
process  by  which  they  were  created. Thus  » 
whale  is  mucmhara,  that  is  a  sea-sow  • 
and  a  swallow  is  gobhlachan-gaoith,  i.e  . 
a  bird  that  sails  through  the  air,  plou^hl 
ing  the  breeze  with  a  forked  tail  ;  and  so 
generally,  in  Gaelic  as  in  Greek,  nameg 
are  pictures,  or,  if  you  please,  coins  with 
the  image  of  superscription  visable  • 
while  English  words  are  only  counters' 
a  blank  curency  without  a  aignature.     A 


70 


SUPPLEMENT  TO  THE  GAEL. 


second  beauty  of  i  raelic  is  its  richnoss  in 
certain  deep  v^oJic,  dipthon^ral,  and 
liquid  Bounds,  to  -vvhich  English  is  a 
stranger.  The  gioat  number  of  words 
spelt  with  ao  and  e?t  are  eiamples  of 
this  ;  and  the  peculiar  liquid  roll  given 
to  I,  and  r,  and  n  in  many  words  as  in 
Uanabh  lach,  belongs  to  the  same  cate- 
gory. Among  beauties  alao  must  be  clas- 
sed the  delicate  nasal  sound  given  to  »?» 
in  many '  words  before  a  and  o  ;  for, 
though  the  American  nasality  is  alniost 
always  ugly,  the  Gaelic  is  only  so  in  the 
mouths  of  extremely  coarse  and  grumpy 
persons.  The  third  beauty  of  the  High- 
land dialect  which  I  wish  to  eulogise  is 
an  extremely  delicate  and  fine  perception 
of  euphony  generally  and  particularly, 
as  marked  in  the  changes  produced  on  the 
initial  letter  of  many  words,  by  the  as- 
similating character  of  the  final  letter  of 
the  immediately  preceding  word  to  this 
catagory  belong  the  remarkable  phenom- 
ena--so  characteristic  of  the  Celtic  lan- 
guages— of  what  is  called  asjnration  or 
breathing,  that  is  a  softening  down  of 
the  initial  consonant  of  a  word  into 
a  cognate,  but  more  vocal  consonant 
by  the  euphonic  influence  of  a 
broad  final  vowel  immediately  pre- 
ceeding  ;  thus  cu  a  dog,  genitive  a 
choin  of  the  dog,  because,  whatever  the 
English  may  imagine,  ch  is  realy  a  much 
softer  sound  than  k,  or  hard  o.  In  the 
same  manner  from  muileciim  a  mill,  comes 
Loch-a-Vuillean,  the  very  pretty  name  of 
a  very  ugly  little  loch  in  this  place,  where 
the  initial  vi  is  changed  into  mh,  the  En- 
glish V,  by  the  melodious  contagion  of  the 
proceeding  a,  the  genitive  case  masoulino 
of  tlie  definite  article.  So  after  )/io,  do,  da, 
and  a  few  other  monof-yilables  with  a 
long;  final  vowel.  Another  very  noticea- 
ble result  of^the  fine  ouponio  instinct  in 
the  (j-aolio  is  the  practice  of  changing  an 
initai  *  into  t  after  a  preceeding  n  ;  as  in 
Mac-an-ts'wir,  or Macintyre,  "a  carjien- 
ter'a  son,"  when  the  t  in  pronuncitaion 
takes  the  place  of  the  s,  plainly  from  tlie 
influence  dentonasal  n,  which  is  more  al- 
lied to  the  dental  t  than  to  the  sibilant  *. 
■o  much  for  beaiities.  I  shall  now — as 
I  mean  to  be  honest — specialize  aomti  de- 
fects, and  those  very  gruiit  defects 
in  the  Gaelic  dialect.  The  first  is 
a  lazy  habit  our  Northern  islanders  and 
mountaineers  have  got  into  of  omitting 
their  consonants   altogether,    and  in  this 


way, so  to  speak,  taking  the  bones  out  of 
the  word,  and  depi'iving  it  of  its  pith  and 
sinew.  In  this  respect  it  is  a  curruptfon 
of  Latin,  in  many  cases  even  worse  than 
French  ;  for  our  Gaelic  neighbourp,  for 
instance,  have  only  taken  the  t  out  of 
pater  and  changed  it  into  ^jot  but  the 
Highlandman  in  athair  which  rliey  pro- 
nounce (tar,  haA'e  not  only  lost  the  initial 
p,  but  drop  altogether  the  aspirated  con- 
sonant whicli  they  retin  in  spelling.  And 
so  in  whole  hostr  of  dissyllables  and  poly- 
syllables with  dh,  bh,  or  gh,  in  the  mid- 
dle, these  consonants  for  any  use  they 
are  put  to  might  as  well  not  be  there. 
No  doubt  we  have  examples  of  this  sort 
of  unhandsome  treatment  of  double  con- 
sonants in  our  English  words  dough, 
plough,  although,  and  other  such  ;  but 
these  cases  of  English,  are  few  and  ex- 
ceptional, whereas  in  Gaelic  they  are  the 
rule,  and  prevail  to  such  an  extent  as 
justly  to  bring  down  upon  the  language 
the  charge  of  feebleness  and  emascula- 
tion. Another  great  \ice  of  Gaelic  is  the 
monotony  of  its  accent,  the  habit  of  ac- 
centing words  on  the  penultimate  and 
ante-penultimate  syllables,  except  only 
in  such  compound  words  as  Ben- 
more  and  Lismore  whoso  parts  retain  their 
special  significance,  as  contrasltd  with 
grasmhor  sultmhor,  and  similar  com- 
pounds ;  for  it  needs  assuredly  no  proof 
that  monotony  is  always  a  blemish,  and 
that  an  accent  on  the  final  vowel,  what  the 
Greeks  call  oxyton,  is  generally  eupho- 
nious. Again  it  must  be  accimnted  a 
serious  blemish  in  the  Gaelic  language 
that  it  carries  the  principle  of  aspiration 
in  some  canes  to  such  an  extent  as  not 
only  to  soften,  b\it  altogether  to  annial- 
ate  the  initial  consonant  of  a  -word,  (as 
when  a  man's  nose  is  cut  off)  necessarily 
loses  its  character,  and  is  difficult  to  re- 
cognise. Thus  Eoinn  Fad,  the  lowest  of 
the  three  heads  of  Bon  More,  is  pi'o- 
nounced  Ben  At  ;  and  s<),  generally  the 
Aspiration  of  /  into  fh  is  an  example  of 
an  addition  which  not  only  add.?  noth- 
ing to  the  original  quantity,  but  takes 
away  even  that  which  existed.  And  lastly, 
the  rampant  luxuriance  with  whicli  the 
aspirate  ch  has  iicen  allowed  to  overrun 
the  Gaelic  dictionary  must  justly  bo  con- 
sidered an  a  mannerism  of  the  worst  kind; 
even  as  it  is  a  grave  offence  against  good 
taste  and  a  sign  of  rhetorical  poverity, 
when  a  writer  constantly  repeats   certain 


SUPPLEMENT  TO  THE  GAEL. 


71 


favourite  phrases  and  turns  of  expression 
wliile  he  systematically  ignors  the  various 
other  wealth  of  the  language  which  he 
uses. 

The  practical  part  of  my  discourse  now 
remaines — Why  is  the  Gaelic  language  eo 
much  neglected  ?  Is  it  worthy  of  the  su- 
percilious disregard  by  which  it  has  been 
treated  both  by  learned  and  unlearned 
in  this  countiy  ?  There  is  only  one  answer 
possible  to  this  question;  it  does  not  decerre 
this  treatment;  it  has  been  most  unfairly 
and  scurvily  treated  by  all  parties.  To 
the  notion,  o.ten  broached,  that  it  is  a 
pecularly  difficult  language  no  very  leri- 
OU6  reply  is  necessary.  These  tkiags  are 
altogether  relative  ;  and  no  doubt  Gaelic 
M  more  difficult  to  «q  Englinhmftn  who 
knows  Latin  than  French,  but  it  is  not 
more  difficult  than  German.  Erery  lan- 
guage has  its  own  special  difficulties ;  the  dif- 
ficulty of  the  English  ia  its  arbitrary  pro- 
nunciation ;  the  difficulty  of  Gaelic  lie* 
partly  in  the  law  of  aspiration — which, 
however,  depends  on  fixed  principle* — 
partly  in  the  strangeness  of  a  great  part 
of  the  vocabulary.  But  these  difficulties 
are  comjjensated  by  peculiar  facilities. 
The  fleiional  terminations  of  the  verb 
are  remarkably  few,  when  compared  with 
Latin  or  Greek;  and  the  remoteness  of  the 
vocabulary  is  compensated  partly  by  the 
aids  furishod  by  comparative  philology 
partly  by  the  close  connection  of  the  Gae- 
lic language  with  the  topographical  no- 
menclature of  the  country.  If  any  tra- 
veller in  the  Highlands  will  take  the 
trouble  to  inform  himself  as  to  the  sig- 
nificance of  the  topographical  nomencla- 
ture with  which  he  coaaes  in  contact  dur- 
ing a  summer  tour  of  a  few  weeks,  I  will 
undertake  to  start  him  in  the  study  of 
Gaelic  with  a  vocabulary  of  some  two  or 
three  hundred  roots  which  are  stereotyped 
in  the  external  features  of  the  country. 
Thus  Cruachan,  the  pural  of  cntach  means 
peaks ;  and  everybody  who  has  travelled 
in  Argyllshire  knows  that  the  beautiful 
mountain  which  bounds  Loch  Awe  on  the 
north  rises  with  three  graceful  cones 
above  the  lovely  waters  of  Loch  Awe. 
But  the  real  reason  why  Gaelic  has  been 
so  much  neglected  is  simply  this,  that 
this  language  has  never  occupied  a 
prominent  position  in  the  intellectual, 
political,  or  moral  world  ;  and  therefore 
people,  in  the  usual  superficial  fashion, 
have  presumed  that  it  is  not  worth  look- 


ing into.  But  this  way  of  judging  is 
anything  but  philosophical.  It  is  pretty 
much  as  if  a  botanist  should  say  that  a 
plant  was  not  worth  inspecting  because  it 
never  had  been  cultivated  in  a  botanical 
garden  or  exhibited  in  a  flower  show  ;  the 
intellectual,  political,  or  moral  prominence 
of  a  language  is  one  thing,  its  moral  and 
human  interest  is  another  and  a  very 
different  thing.  A  language  is  interesting, 
among  other  reasons,  specially  because  it 
is  the  key  to  the  life  and  feelings  of  an 
interesting  people  ;  and  that  the  Gaelic 
in  this  view  is  oae  of  the  moet  interesting 
of  languages,  particulary  to  those  who 
inherit  the  traditions  of  the  British  Isles, 
there  is  no  need  of  formally  proving. 
Persons  whose  interest  in  a  language  con- 
sists altogether  in  the  length  and  breadth 
of  the  bookish  matter  which  it  contains 
must  be  looked  upon  as  somewhat  pedantic 
in  their  notions.  If  I  study  Russian,  for 
instance,  it  is  not  for  the  sake  of  reading 
Russian  books,  but  for  the  sake  of  know- 
ing the  Russian  people.  The  best  books 
are  only  a  small  fragment  of  a  national 
life  ;  and  the  permanent  human  interest 
attaching  to  emy  language  may  often  be 
in  the  inverae  ratio  of  the  number  of 
books  which  it  contains.  But  it  is  by  no 
means  true  that  even  the  bookish  record* 
of  the  Celtic  languages  are  so  few,  or  so 
devoid  of  intellectual  and  moral  signi- 
ficance, as  the  worshippers  of  mere  book- 
knowledge  itriagine.  The  legendary  and 
lyrical  poetry  of  the  Gaelie  language, 
if  not  voluminous,  is  interesting  ;  and  to 
me,  certainly,  as  the  purple  heather  is 
more  welcome  on  the  Highland  brae* 
than  the  English  rose,  eo  at  Tyndrum 
and  Glenorchy  the  ' '  Ben  Dorain "  of 
Duncan  Macintyre  is  a  more  congenial 
and  a  more  interesting  poem  to  read  than 
the  Odyssey.  All  poetry,  indeed,  with  a 
distinct  local  character,  color,  and  fra- 
grance, such  as  no  one  can  deny  to  Ossian 
and  the  Gaelic  lyrical  poets  generally, 
has  a  value  on  the  spot  with  which  nothing 
else  can  compete.  When  I  am  at  Rome 
I  endeavour  to  feel  with  the  Pope,  and 
live  in  his  sphere  of  ideas  so  far  as  I  con- 
scientiously can  ;  when  I  am  in  the 
Highlands,  in  the  same  way,  to  under- 
stand them  I  must  feel  and  live  with  the 
Highlanders,  and  this  can  only  be  dona 
adequately  through  the  medium  of  the 
language  in  which  their  traditions  are 
contained  and  through  which  their  feelings 


72 


SEPPLEMEET  TO  THE  GAEL. 


are  expre33ed.  The  wholo  questicm, 
therefore,  about  the  ;Klva,ntnga  ami  utility 
of  studyin;^  Gaelic  resolvea  itself  into  the 
question,  whether  the  Celtic  element  in 
onr  historj-  and  onr  existing  population 
is  worth  understanding  and  appreciating 
or  not  ;  and  this  question  I  answer  with- 
out the  slightest  hesitation  in  the  aftirni- 
ative.  Very  true  it  may  he  indeed,  that 
to  large  portions  of  the  British  population 
the  interest  attached  t.)  the  Celtic  element 
may  be  so  remote  as  to  render  any 
attention  to  this  laiiguage,  in  their  case, 
a  waste  of  labor  ;  but  there  are  special 
classes  of  the  British  community  by  whom 
this  plea  cannot  be  advanced,  and  1  will 
now  cf)nclude  by  mentioning  distinctly 
who  they  are.  In  the  first  place,  of 
course,  there  are  the  clergy  and  schofil- 
masters  of  those  extensive  district?  of  the 
Highlands  where  Gaelic  is  either  the  only 
or  the  most  familiar  language  spoken  by 
the  people.  Of  course  1  assume  that  in 
all  Highland  schools  English  should  be 
taught  as  an  absolutely  necessary  means 
of  mere  wordly  advancement  ;  but  Gaelic 
also  must  be  tauglit  scientiiically,  not 
only  as  the  natural  organ  of  all  original 
healthy  culture  to  a  Celtic  population, 
but  as  the  best  means  of  teaching  English 
or  any  other  language  to  such  a  population. 
The  mother  tongue  is,  and  must  always 
be,  the  proper  root  of  all  genuine  moral 
and  intellectual  growth  to  every  people. 
It  is  the  only  tongue  that  is  or  can  be  in 
the  blood  and  bone,  an  essential  and  in- 
separate  part  of  the  living  man.  Where 
Gaelic  is  not  taught  in  the  schools,  it  will 
be  found  that  neither  is  English  learned 
with  any  efficiency  ;  it  will  be  learned  in 
many  ca.ses  as  Latin  is,  by  boys  in  English 
•chools,  only  for  the  jmrpose  of  being 
forgotten.  And  as  a  matter  of  fact,  I  am 
afraid,  a  large  proportion  of  the  Highland 
populanion  cannot  i-ead  either  their 
Gaelic  or  their  English  Bibles  with  any 
ease  or  intelligence;  and  this  is  one  of  the 
Bad  results  which  lias  flowed  necess:irily 
from  the  ignorant  superciliousness  with 
whicli  a  certain  class  of  ])ersons  in  this 
country  have  been  accustomed  to  look 
down  on  Gaelic  and  everything  Celtic. 
It  is  even  maintained  that  the  language 
of  the  Gaels  entails  barbarism  on  the 
population,  and  sliould  be  violently 
aboli-shed.  To  which  the  idain  practical 
answer  is,  that  being  there  onr,  fir.st  duty 
is  to  use  it  sympathetically  and  wisely, 


not  to  attempt,  with  a  foolish  and  an  im- 
perious violence,  to  expel  it.  Such  a 
policymiijhtsuitwell  the  Paissiah  autocrat 
in  dealing  with  clic  Polisli  pcoide,  but 
certainly  docs  not  harmonize  with  the 
free  atmosphere  vvhicli  we  breathe  in  thii 
country.  The  Caelic  language  will  die, 
no  doubt,  like  other  mortal  things  in  due 
season  ;  but  while  it  lives  it  has  its  rights, 
and  should  be  treated  in  a  rational, 
gentlemanly,  liberal.  Christian  fashion. 
Whatever  m  vy  belts  inferior  social  posi- 
tion in  reference  to  English,  the  rule  of 
Christian  philanthropy  leads  us  to  conde- 
send  to  men  of  low  estate  not  to  ride 
rougK  over  them.  The  second  class  of 
persons  from  whom  a  little  attenti^  n  to 
the  Gaelic  language  might  naturally  be 
expected  are  landed  proprietors,  factors, 
sheriifs,  and  all  pers-uis  whose  position 
in  society  leads  them  into  "frequent  inter- 
course with  the  Gaelic-speaking  natives. 
A  sheriff  sitting  on  a  jury  case  at  Storno- 
way  or  Tobermory  would  command  much 
more  respect,  and  feel  much  more  inde- 
pendent, if  he  could  take  up  the  evidence 
of  witnesses  directly  from  their  own 
mouths  instead  of  through  the  medium 
of  an  interpreter.  But  if  the  head  in 
such  and  siinular  cases  can  always  be 
reached  through  the  medium  of  English 
the  heart  of  a  Gaelic-speak  uig  people  can 
only  be  entered  through  the  medium  of 
their  own  language ;  all  those  therefore 
whose  position  leads  them  to  cultivate 
the  people shcnild  cultivate  their  language. 
It  is  'a  sort  of  politeness,  indeed,  which 
all  foreigners  owe  to  the  natives  of  a 
country  in  which  the  sojourn  that  they 
should  take  some  trouble  to  learn  thoir 
language  ;  and  allpersims  of  Saxon  blood 
and  tongue  are  strangers  in  the  midst  of 
a  Celtic  popul.'ition.  And  iinally  consider- 
ing both  the  philological  characteristics  of 
tjie  Gaelic  language  and  the  number  of 
Gnelic-spcaking  students  who  attend  our 
colleges  and  uppur  schools,  it  appears  to 
me  that  a  special  obligation  lies  on  tha 
professors  of  languages  in  our  high  schools 
and  c  )llego3  to  acc^uiro  some  familiarity 
with  the  j)hysiognomy  so  to  speak,  and 
the  physiology  of  the  Celtic  dialects  spok- 
en and  written  in  the  British  isles.  For 
the  purposes  of  comparitive  philology — a 
science  which  no  univei-sity  can  now  ne- 
glect—a  wide  and  various  ediication  is 
indespensiblc ;  and  it  is  surely  the  height 
of  folly  in  academical   men  to   travel   to 


SUPrLEMENT  TO  THE  GAEL. 


the  months  of  the  Ganges  for  illustrations 
of  linguistic  phenomena,  which  can  be 
found  not  less  strikingly  displayed  on 
the  banks  of  sny  Highland  burn.  Prof- 
essors of  Greek  and  Latin  in  Scotlaml 
ought  besides  to  consider  that  the  an- 
alogies of  Gaelic  to  the  classical  Celtic 
Irnguages  when  scientifically  pointed  out 
may  prove  an  engine  of  the  utmost  value 
in  facilitating  to  Gaelic  students  the 
scholarly  acquisition  of  those  languages  ; 
and  in  this  view  it  cannot  but  be  noted 
as  the  sad  symptom  of  the  constitutional 
disease  of  a  vulgar  utilitarianism  in  the 
British  mind,  and  that  there  does  not 
exist  a  professor  of  the  Celtic  languages 
in  any  English  or  Scotch  university. 
Such  a  glaring  deficiency  under  similar 
circumstances  would  not  for  a  moment 
be  tolerated  by  the  enlightned  Govern- 
ment of  the  King  of  Prussia,  or  any  less 
notable  sovereign  in  intellectual  Germany 
To  conclude,  though  I  certainly  am  of 
opinion  that  we  arc  all  very  much  to 
blame  for  the  superficial  supercili.nisness 
with  which  wo  have  looked  down  upon 
the  language  spoken  by  the  inhabitants 
of  our  romantic  Highland  glens,  it  ap- 
pears to  me  that  a  special  guilt  has  l)een 
incurred  by  the  Gaelic  people  themselves. 
Except  in  conversation  .among  themselves 
and  in  pulpit  addresses  the  language  of 
our  Highland  glens  is  never  known ;  no 
shop  shows  shows  a  Gaelic  sign,  no  shop 
window  a  Gaelic  advertisement,  not  even 
a  gravestone  in  a  country  churchjard 
shows  a  Gaelic  epitaph.  This  is  a  sort 
of  literary  suicide  wliich  the  Scottish 
Gaels — in  this  deviating  from  the  laud- 
able use  of  their  Welsh  cousins — have 
commited  on  themselves,  and  which  can 
be  laid  to  the  door  of  no  Sassenach. 
Though  tendered  by  an  evil  spirit,  it  is 
at  bottom  a  good  advice  which  Mephis- 
topholes  gives  to  the  medical  student  in 
Faust  "Believe  in  yourself  and  the  world 
will  believe  in  you.  "  And  if  the  Gaelic 
people  systematically  abstain  from  put- 
ting themselves  forward  in  the  world  of 
printed  of  printed  paper,  which  is  the 
bearer  of  our  modern  civilisation,  they 
have  themselves  to  blame,  if  with  the 
great  mass  of  floating  observers  they  pjvss 
for  barV>arian3.  Men  are,  is  for  the  most 
part,  too  busy  and  too  indifTerent  to  em- 
ploy themselves  in  dragging  into  notice 
persons  who  skulk  in  corners,  rnd  hide 
their  light  at  the  end  o^  a  long  dark  cava 
where  no  man  can  see  it." 


np:ws  of  the  highlands  and 

ISLANDS. 


ÌTÌsre;iortci],:i]ii:;u.'iitlyoiigood*anthorit3v 
that  the  yist  iliglilaiiilfrs  am  io  discanl  the 
trews,  and  to  wear  boiinetsaiid  kilts  in  futuie. 

Lewis— Angus  McAskell,  beloiigiii!,'  to 
Slnider,  Lewi.'*,  was  ì.iteìy  drowned  in  Storno 
way,  while  returning  from  attending  a  funeral" 

Thk  GiiEKNocK  FiiEK  Gaelic  Chukoh.— 
The  Rev.  Colin  Sinclair,   of  Invergordon,  has 
received  a  call  from  the  Fne  Gì; 
tioii  of  Greenock. 


■  aeiie  congrega- 


I.SLANT)      OF      nPAllXAKAY.— This    lieautiful 

little  island  famed  for  the  bloody  massacre  of 
the  Blacieods  by  one  of  the  Ciau  Liiu  of  Ard- 
i.aniurchan,  and  his  fifteen  sons,  some  three 
hundred  years  ago,  has  been  .sold,  it  is  said  to 
feirJohnOrd,   Bart.,  of  Kihnory. 

The  Flora  Macuonai-d  Memorial. — The 
memorial  to  Flora  Macdonald,  designed  by 
Mr.  Koss.Archetect, Inverness,  is  now  fiiushed, 
and  was  shipied  October  18tli,  to  its  destina- 
tion in  tlie  Chm-ch-yard  of  the  Parish  of  Kil- 
nniir,  Skye.  The  monument  is  said  to  bo 
somewhat  in  the  form  of  an  lona  Cros.s,  and 
is  admired  Ijy  all  who  have  seen  it  for  its  sim- 
ple tlignity  and  fine  proportions. 

The  Gaelic  Society  of  Inverness.— This 
Society,  quite  recently  formed,  appears  to  be 
going  to  work  in  earne.st.  The  inaugural  ad- 
dress was  delivered  by  the  Rev.  Mr.  Macken- 
zie, of  t'ilmoracl;,  on  Tlmrsday,  the  18tli  Oct. 
(Jluny  Macpherson  has  signilied  his  intention 
of  becoming  a  lile  member  of  the  Society— an 
example  which  we  ho|.e  will  be.  followed  by 
many  otlier  Highland  Chiefs  and  gentlemen.. 

Estate  of  Harius.— It  is  stated  that  the 
Earl  of  Diinmore  has  jiarted  with  North  Har- 
ris, which  comprises  the  fine  deer  forests  of 
Fincastle  and  Ardvourlie,  several  good  fishing 
lakes,  and  riveis,  and  the  little  village  of  Tar- 
ber.  A  corresi)ondent  says  that  the.  purchas- 
er is  a  London  gentleman,  Mr.  Scott,  Banker, 
Neptiew  of  Sir  Claude  Edward  Scott,  county 
of  Dorset.  The  purchase  j)rice  is  differentlT 
stated  at  £130,000  or  £155,000,  either  being 
a  large  enough  sum. 

Encouragement  to  Ragpipe-Playing.— 
In  connection  with  the  recent  games  under 
the  auspices  of  the  Braem^ir  Royal  Highland 
Society,  the  Highland  Society  of  London, 
through  Her  Majesty's  jiiper,  Mr.  Ross,  Bal- 
moral Castle,  has  handed  a  don  tion  of  £10 
sterling,  to  be  applied  in  such  a  manner  as 
the  management  comndttee  deems  proper  for 
the  improvement  of  bag-pipe  music.  This 
very  libeial  donation,  which  we  understand 
will  very  ])robably  be  continued  annually,  will 
be  awarded  in    prizes  to  successful  youthful 


74 


vSUPPLEMENT  TO  THE  GAEL. 


aspirants  in  the  art,  at  the  Braeniar  Games 
each  year.  It  may  be  added,  however,  that 
the  winners  of  cliani)iiou  gohl  medals  and 
competitQ*s  ahove  tliirty  years  of  age  will  he 
excluded  from  participating  in  the  competi- 
tion, as  the  olijcct  is  for  the  encouragment  of 
young  musicians. 


ANSWERS  TO  CORRESPONDENTS. 

Owing  to  the  large  space  taken  up  hy  Prof. 
Blackie's  able  lecture  on  the  Gaelic  language, 
we  are  compelled  to  .leave  out  most  of  the 
answers  to  our  correspondents,  and  other  mat- 
ter which  wc  had  prepared  for  this  number  of 
The  Gael. 

J.  McK.,  Glencoe,  Ont. — Your  enquiries 
regarding  Pipe  music  were  answered  in  our 
last. 

A.  M.  G.,  Fort  William,  Scotland.— A  few 
of  the  por^ms  of  ^John  Jlorrison,  of  Harris, 
were  published  in  Can;ida  a  few  years  ago, 
but  the  book  is  now  very  scarce,  only  a  copy 
to  be  met  with  now  and  again  in  second- 
hand hook  stores. 

H.  McK.,  Prince  Edward  Island. — We  are 
not  aware  that  Mary  McLcod — Nighean  Al- 
asdair  Riuiidh's  poems  were  ever  published 
in  a  seiiarate  volume  :  most  of  them  have 
been  printed  in  different  collections. 

J.  L.  C,  Glasgow,  Scorland,  wishes  to 
know  if  there  are  any  newspapers  in  Canada 
that  make  the  Gai^lic  a  regular  feature  except 
The  Gael,  and  The  Canada  .'Scotsman,  as  he 
had  heard  that  there  were  some  ?  We  are 
sorry  to  inform  him  that,  at  present,  there 
are  not ;  there  are  several  newspapers  pub- 
lished in  Gaelic-speaking  districts,  that  pub- 
lish an  occasional  piece.  The  Brace  Reporter, 
published  at  Kincardine,  appeared  to  have 
made  that  quite  a  regular  feature  at  one  time, 
but  now  it  has  dropped  down  like  many  other 
papers  (and  we  might  say  indiviiiuals)  to  an 
appeal  at  election  times — it  ajipears  to  be  then 
considered  useful.  But  now  that  our  re- 
spected confrere,  Thomas  Robik,  Esq.,  late 
of  the  Scotsman,  has  taken  charge  of  that 
paper,  we  hope  to  see  the  Gaelic  department 
revived. 


PHILOLOGICAL  ENQUIRIES. 

GAELIC  WORDS  REFERRED  TO  THEIR  ROOTS. 

There  are  few  studies  more  pleasant  than 
that  in  which  the  words  of  any  language  are 
traced  to  their  original  roots,  and  the  Gaelic 
reader  will  doubtless  be  pleased  to  observe  the 
following  terms  of  liis  native  tongue  thus 
explained  : 
BUACHAiLL,  a  shepherd.     This  word  comes 

from  bo  and  gille,  and  literally  means  a 

*'lad  for  cows." 


Meur,  a  finger,  is  from  mlr,  a  piece,  and  has 

reference  to  the  fingers,   as  division*  of 

the  hand. 
Baine,  milk,  is  from  ban,  white,  which  latter 

Gaelic  word  is  related  to  the  French,  bon  ; 

Scotch,  bonnie  ;  and  Latin,  benua. 
Gealach,    moon,   is  from  ^caì,    white  ;  and 

th(!  Latin  luna  is  of  similar  origin. 
MiN,  flour,  is  from  mhi,  fine. 
Bar,  crop,  is  connected  with    a  word  which 

apfiears  in   Gaelic  as  beir,  in   English  as 

bear,   and  in   Latin  as  /*ro.     Its  literal 

lui'aiiing  is,   therefore,    that   which   the 

earth  bears. 
Aotuoman,  a  bladder,  is  from  aotrorn,  light. 
Bakajk,  c  wedding  is  made  up  of  ktan,  a  wife, 

and  feisd,  a  feast. 
Seangan,  ant,  is  derived  from  seang,  slender, 

and  is  so  called  from  its  .slender  waist. 
Gldin,  a  knee,  seems  connected  with  elaon, 

Latin,  clino,  to  bend.  0.  M.  R. 


A«ENT«    FOE   TEE    GAEL. 


CANADA. 

PROVINCE  OF  ONTARIO. 

Durham Finlay  McRae,  Esq. 

Sullivan H.   McCorkindale,  Esq. 

Willianistown    D.  F.  Maclennan,  Esq. 

Balmer's  Island Allan  Stewart,  Esq. 

South  Finch  Finlay  McNaughton. 

Rothsay Hugh  Chisholm,  Esq. 

PROVINCE  OF  QUEBEC. 

Lingwick D.  McRae,  Esq. 

Stornoway,  Winslow D.  Guun,  Esq. 

Lake  Megantic J.  B.  McDonald. 

PROVINCE  OF  NEW  BRUNSWICK. 
Dalhousie,  Black  Sand.  Donald  McMillan, Esq. 

PROVINCE  OF  MANITOBA  (RED  RIVER). 
Lower  Fort  Garry.... Duncan  McDonald,  Esq. 

PROVINCE  OF  NOVA  SCOTIA. 
Springville,  Pictou..  Duncan  McDonald,  Esq_ 

River  Dinni.s,  C.  BA.  McEachren,  Esq^ 

PRINCE  EDWARD  ISLAND. 

Charlottetown ..John  McNeil,  Esq. 

Orwell William  McPhail,  Esq. 

Wood  Island John  McDonald,  Teacher. 

UNITED  STATES. 

Lake  Linden,  Mich John  McPhail,  Esq. 

Chicago,  III Mr.  MoPherson,  Druggist. 

Lumberton,  N.  C Hon.  Jame.s  Sinclair. 

SCOTLAND. 

Edinburgh Maclachlan  &  Stewart 

Invernes;; John  Noble,  Esq. 

Tullypowrie P.  McNaughton,  Esq. 

Ledaig John  Campbell,  Esq. 

AUSTRALIA. 

Macavther,  Victoria Donald  Beaton,  Esq. 

NEW  ZEALAND. 
Invercargill,  Southland. ...John  Waldie,  Esq. 


I.  Leabh.] 


DARA  MIOS  AN  T-SAMHRAIDH,  1872. 


[4  Air. 


RUN  AR  TURUIS. 
A  meadhon  seann  dachaidh  nan 
Albannach  tha  "An  Gàidheal"  as  iir 
a'  cur  failte  le  cridhe  gràdhach  agus 
taingeil  air  a  luchd-diithcha  air  fad 
agus  air  leud  cuairt  a'  chruinne  gu 
h-iomlan.  Anns  na  suidheacliaidhibh 
lira  agus  eugs-amhuil,  anns  am  blieil  e 
'g  a  fhaotainn  ièìn  ni  's  freagarraiche,  is 
e  a  run  gu  'm  faigh  e  eòlas  maireannach 
air  na  Gàidheil  gu  lèir.  Tha  e  air 
'uidheamachadli  a  mach  fo  stiiiradh, 
chuideachadh,  agus  theagasg  nan  sgoil- 
eirean  Gàilig  is  nan  uaislean  tàlanntach 
Gàidhealach  a's  feàrr  aig  an  tigh  agus 
thairis.  Is  ann  chum  na  criche  so  a 
shocruich  e  fa  dheòidh  ann  an  Albainn. 
Fo  a'  leithid  so  do  riaghladh  tha  e  ann 
an  diiil  gu  'm  bi  'eideadh,  a  mhodh 
labhairt,  agus  na  chanas  e,  taitneach, 
agus  neo-oilbheumach  do  gach  neach. 
Mu  nacLiisibh  so  bithidh  e  lo-thoilichte 
èisdeachd  gu  smuainteachail  'sle  aire 
ri  beachdaibh  muinntir  's  am  bith. 

Mar  tha  air  fhilleadh  auns  na  thubh- 
airteadh  cheana'se  Run  Turuis  "A' 
Ghàidheil"  gach  fear  d'  a  ainm  fhios- 
rachadh  a  mach,  chum  's  gu  'n  taoghail 
e  air  gach  mios  le  'chuid  naigheachd, 
le  'sgeulaibh,  le  eachdraidh  an  t-saogh- 
ail,  le  seisdibh  ceòlmhor  bhàrdan  ar 
linn,  maille  ri  iomadh  focal  teagaisg 
mhaith  eile.  Tha  e  dearbhta  gu  'm 
faigh  e  cuireadh  is  failte  chridheil  aig 
gach  dorus  air  son  a  shaothrach  oidh- 
eirpich.  Agus  ann  an  so  tha  e  'g  iarr- 
uidh  a  bhi  ag  aideachadh  le  aigneadh 
ro-thaingeil  mend  na  comain  fo'm 
bheil  e  do  mhòran  air  son  am  briathran 
misneachaidh,  agus  an  cuideachaidh 
air  iomadh  dòigh.  0  so  a  mach  tha  e 
suidhichte  air  a  chairdean  a  ruigsinn 


gach  mios  gun  bhriseadh.  'S  ann  le 
siiil  gu'm  biodh  "An  Gàidheal"  ni'bu 
choimhlionta,  agus  gu  'm  mealladh  e 
saoghal  fada  a  cheadaicheadh  na  bris- 
idhean  a  thachair  roimhe  so.  A  nis  le 
clannaibh  nan  Gaidheal  ri  guailnibh  a 
chèile  bithidh  e  air  a  ghiiilan  air  agh- 
aidh  gu  buadhach ! 

Tha  e  soilleir  agus  fiosrach  do  na 
Gaidheil  iad  fèin,  ni  a  dh'  aidicheas  iad 
gusaor,  gu'm  feum  a'  chuid  dhiubh 
nach  tuig  Beurla  gu  h-iomlan  a  bhi 
car  math  air  dheireadh  air  a*  mhuinntir 
ud  a  tha  a'  sealbhachadh  comais  air 
paipeiribh  naigheachd  a  leughadh  anns 
am  faighear  eachdraidh  an  t-saoghail 
le  'dheanadasaibh  mora,  iongantach, 
maille  ri  iomadh  teagasg  feumail  eile. 
'S  e  ar  rim-ne  gu  'm  biodh  an  Gaidheal 
air  a  chur  ann  an  cor  co-ionnan  ris  a' 
Ghall  anns  a'  chuis  so.  Bheir  sinn 
geàrr-chunntas  air  gach  ni  cudthromach 
a  bhios  a'  gabhail  àite  feadh  nan  riogh- 
achdan  gach  mios  maille  ri  geàrr-sgeul 
cinnteach  air  a  Ghàidhealtachd  'sair 
na  h-Eileanaibh.  Bithidh  againn  mar 
an  ceudna  geàrr-sgrìobhaidhean  luach- 
mhor,  brighmhor,  agus  teagasgail,  air 
ciiisibh  feumail,  diomhair,  le  fòghlum- 
aichibh  treuna,  aithnichte,  à  measg 
nan  Gaidheal 's  gach  àite.  'S  cha  dear- 
maid  sinn  a  ghnath  focal  maith  freag- 
arrach,  agus  solusach  a  bhi  againn  air 
eachdraidh,  sgeulaibh,  agus  cleachd- 
uinnibh  taitneach  nan  Gaidheal  a  bh' 
ann  re  "am  o  aois," — ar  sinusreachd 
ainmeil  a  dh'  fhalbh — a  chum  's  gu  'm 
biodh  an  gniomharan  euchdail  agus  an 
gnathan  subhailceach  a'  toirt  aoibhneis 
do  ar  cridheachaibh  agus  'gar  misneach- 
adh-ne  gu  nithibh  co-ionnan  a  chur  an 
cleachdadh.    Ni  mo  a  ni  sinn  dearmad 


76 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


Dara  Mlosan  t-Samhraidh. 


air  cruinneacliadh  as  gach  ceàrn  a 
h-uile  dan,  raim,  is  focal-geòire  fiachail 
chum  an  tasgaidh  air  son  linntean  eile. 
Ged  nach  biodh  na  criochan  feumail, 
cleachdail  so  idir  air  an  cur  romhainn, 
cha  bliiodh  e  ach  'na  dhleasdanas 
macail  do  ar  dutliaich,  do  ar  cànain 
'sd'a  h-aois,  do  ar  n-aithricliibli  treuna 
leis  an  robh  i  air  a  labhairt  y6  mhiltibb 
bhliadhnachan,  gu  'n  deanadh  sinu 
oidlieirp  dbuineil  air  ar  càinnt  a  clium- 
ail  air  cliuimhue  air  chor  agus  nacli 
biodh  ar  dearmad  suarach-ne  "air  an 
teanga,  bhrighmhor,  bhlasda,  bhinn" 
'n  a  aobhar  spòrsa  agus  tarcuis  aig  na 
Goill  ni  's  faide. 

A  chum  agus  gu  'n  dean  sinn  seas- 
amhmaireann,daingeann,agusèifeachd- 
ach  an  aghaidh  nan  sruthan  tarsuinn 
so,  feumaidh  na  Gàidheil  gu  leir  aon- 
adh,  seasamli  taobh  ri  taobh,  a  dhion 
an  tire,  an  cinnidh,  an  canain,  agus 
gach  urraim  a  bhuineas  dhoibh  fa  leth, 
nithe  mu  'm  bheil  Gàidheil  anns  gacli 
àite  agus  diithaich  aon-sgeulach.  Na 
nithe  tearc'  mu  nach  'eil  iad  aon- 
sgeulach  fagaidh  sinn  aig  a'  ghinealach 
a  thig  'n  ar  dèigh,  ach  cha'n  ann  air 
duilleagaibh  "A'  Ghàidheil."  'J^ha  an 
raon  coitchionn  air  am  feud  sinn  uile 
còrdadh  farsuing  gu  leòir. 

'N  uair  a  tha  sinn  a'  stri  mar  so  ris  a' 
Charbh  a  sheachnadh  gu  sàbhailte,  tha 
sinn  dòchasach  gu  'n  gk'idh  sinn  mar 
an  ceudna  o  chunnart  Coire-bhreacain, 
— gu  'n  gleidh  sinn  ar  seasamh  gu 
daingeann  air  bonn  f'lrinn,  ceartais, 
agus  (h'agh  blieus.  Anns  na  ciiisibh 
so  gheibliear  sinn  a  ghnàth  do-glidill- 
eachduinn.  Air  dhuinn  ar  coslas,  agus 
ar  gnc  mar  so  innseadh  gu  h-aitbghearr, 
feudaidli  sinn  stad  aig  an  am  so  le  ar 
run  no  ar  diiil  atli-ainmeachadh,  gu  'm 
faigh  ar  Leabhran  fàilte,  dlieth  nacli 
gabhar  aithreachas,  feadh  iomadh 
chriochan  na  Gàilig  feadh  an  t-saogh- 
ail;  gu 'm  hi  e  'na  chuideachd  thait- 
nich  do  gach  seòrsa  de  ar  co-Gliàidheil 
anns  gach  cor;  agus  gu'n  dean  e  iad 
comasach   air  a  bhi    ni  's  fheumaile 


dhoibh  fdin,  d'  an  cloinn,  d'  an  càird- 
ibh,  d'  an  co-chreutairibh ;  d'  an  riogh- 
achd,  do  'n  t-saoghal,  agus  d'  an  Dia ! 


MU  NA  SEANN  GHAIDHEIL. 


IV. 

B'  iad  na  Picti  no  na  Caledonaich 
Ghàidhealach  luchd-àiteachaidh  taobh 
tuath  Albainn  air  tiis;  ach  mu'n 
bhliadhna  a.d.  506  thàinig  sluagh 
Gaidhealach  eile  a  nail  à  h-Eirinn 
d'  am  b'  ainm  Scott  no  na  Scùitlch  a 
ghabh  tàmh  an  taobh  deas  Siorramachd 
Earraghaidheil.  B'  iad  na  h-aitean 
anns  an  d'rinn  iad  tuineachas  Còmhall, 
Cinntire,  Cnapadal,  Earraghàidheal, 
Latharna  agus  pairt  de  'n  Mharbhairn, 
maille  ri  Eilean  He,  Arainn,  I-challum- 
chille  agus  eileauaibh  beaga  eile  mu  'u 
cuairt  doibh  sin.  A.nns  a'  chuid  eile 
de  'n  Ghaidhealtachd  bha  na  Picti  a 
chòmhnuidh,  oir  b'  iad  ceud  luchd- 
aiteachaidh  Albainn.  Bha  an  ceann- 
bhaile  aca  so  fagus  air  Dhnchailean 
no  Peart,  agus  b  'i  a'  chrioch  eadar 
iad  fèin  agus  na  Scoti  na  beanntau 
àrda  sin  a  tha  eadar  siorramachd 
Pheairt  agus  siorramachdEarra-ghàidh- 
eil  ris  an  abrar  Drnim-Albainn.  Tha 
e  coltach  gu  'n  robh  an  Da  fhine 
Ghhidhealach  so  a'deanamhsuas  luchd- 
àiteachaidh  Eirinn  agus  Albainn  o  'n 
fhior-tlioiseach,  agus  gu  'm  b'  iad  na 
Pictich,  ris  an  abair  na  seanachaidhean 
Eirionnach  Crnitlinich,  anceuddhream 
a  ghabh  còmhnuidh  anns  an  da  dhhth- 
aich.  Ciod  's  am  bith  fri-dhealachadh 
a  bha  eatorra  tha  e  coltach  nach  robh 
annta  ach  da  threubh  de  'n  aou 
t-sluagh,  d;\  theaghlach  de 'n  aon 
chinneadli,  aig  an  robh  na  h-aon 
ghnàthannan  agus  a  bha  'labhairt  na 
h-aon  chanaine.  Bha  na  Cruithnirh 
no  na  Picti  an  taobh  tuath  Eirinn  anu 
am  Mòr-roinn.  Ulladh  agus  an  ceann 
tuath  Laighinn;  am  feadh  'sa  bha 
taobh  an  iar  agus  deas  na  h-Eirionn, 
's  iad  sin  Conacht,  Munadh,  agus  ceann 


Dara  Mios  an  t-Samhraidh,  1872. 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


77 


deas  Laighinn  air  an  àiteachadh  leis 
na  Scoti.  B'iad  na  Pictich  no  na 
Cruithnich  na  ceud  Ghàidheil  a  ghabh 
tuineachas  an  Eirinn  agus  an  Albainn, 
agus  roimli  thoiseacli  na  sèathamh 
lìnne  a  rèir  coslais,  cba  robh  Gàidbeil 
's  am  bitli  eile  an  Albainn  ach  iad  fein. 
Ach  aig  an  am  sin  thàinig  trì  ceann- 
ardan  a  nail  à  Eirinn  agus  leth  cheud 
fear  maille  ris  gacli  aon  diubh.  Leis 
clio  tearc  's  a  bba  iad  ann  an  aireamb 
tha  e  ro  cboltacb  gur  h-ann  a  f  buair 
iad  cuireadh  o  Rigb  nan  Caledonacli 
gu  tigh'nn  a  nail  a  riagliladb  ann  an 
Earra-gbaidbeal  gu  bbi  'n  an  ceannard- 
aibh  air  na  Gaidbeil  a  bba  an  sin  anns 
a'  chogadh  ris  na  Deas  Bbreatannaicb, 
gus  an  cumail  air  an  ais  o  bbi  a  bris- 
eadh  ni  b'  fbaide  stigb  air  taobh  siar 
na  Gàidhealtacbd.  Oir  tba  e  cosmhuil 
gur  b-e  bu  ghnàtb-obair  do  na  ^coti 
Eirionnacb  a  bbi  a'  sior  cbogadb  ris  na 
Deas  Bbreatannaicb.  Bba  na  seann 
Gbaidbeil  Albannacb  a'  cogadb  riii  mar 
an  ceudna  mar  a  cbitbear  o  'u  cbogadb 
a  bba  aig  Fionn  riutha,  'n  uair  a  loisg 
e  Baile-cbluaidb  no  Dhn-Breatann, 
ceann-bbaile  nam  Breatannacb  a  bba 
a  cliòmbnuidli  ann  an  Sratb-cbluaidh. 
Anns  a  cbeud  dol  a  macb  cha  robh  aig 
na  ceannardaibh  Eirionnacb  so  tiodal 
na  b'  àirde  na  an  Toiseach  no  Triatb 
no  Ceann-feadbna,  acb  an  dèigb  sin 
gbabb  iad  an  tiodal  Bigh  dboibb  fdin, 
agus  rinneadli  Feargbus  'na  rigb,  gidb- 
eadb  blia  e  fo  uacbd'ranachd  Ard-righ 
nan  Scott  ann  an  Eirinn,  agus  bbuan- 
aich  a  sbliochd  mar  sin  os  ceann  ceitbir 
ficbead  bliadbna  gus  an  do  dhealaicli 
iad  ri  cuing  na  h-Eirionn  mu  'n 
bbliadhna  A.  D.  590.  Is  ann  mu  'n 
am  so  a  tbainig  Calum-cille  a  nail  d 
h-Eirinn  a  sbearmonacbadb  an  t-sois- 
geil  do  na  Gaidbeil  Albannacb,  'n  uair 
a  bba  Conull  'n  a  rigb  air  na  Scoti  agus ! 
Bride  no  Bruidai  'n  a  rigb  air  na  Picti.  \ 
Bba  Kicbairt  Bbride,  rigb  nam  Picteach,  \ 
's  an  am  sin  aig  Locbnis,  ach  tba  e  col- ! 
tacli  gu  'n  robh  mar  an  ceudna  Caisteal  | 
no  Aros  rioghail  eile  aig  na  righribh  so 


ann  an  Diin-Chaillean  no  laimli  ri 
baile  Pheairt.  Tha  sinn  a'  leughadh 
mar  an  ceudna  mu  na  Pictich  Dheas- 
ach;  bba  an  dara  feadhainn  diubh  so 
air  taobh  tuath  nan  garbh-bheanntan 
(Grampians)  agus  an  fheadbainn  eile 
air  an  taobh  deas  diubh.  Bba  monadh 
Dhruim-Uachdair  agus  na  Beanntan 
mora  sin  a'  cur  dealachaidh  eatorra; 
agus  faodaidh  e  bhi  gu  'n  robli  iad  air 
uairibb  dealaichte  'nan  riaghladh,  agus 
gu  'n  robh  righ  dhoibh  fdin  aig  na 
Pictich  thuathach,  agus  righ  eile  aig 
na  Pictich  dheasach. 

Do  na  Pictich  dheasach  bhuineadh 
am  fearann  a  tha  a  nis  'deanamh  suas 
siorramachd  Pheairt,  sioxTamachd  Aon- 
ghais,  Fiofa,  Struileith,  agiis  an  tir  air 
taobh  deas  na  Friu  ris  an  abrar  Lothian, 
gu  ruig  a  chrioch  Shasunnach.  Do  na 
Pictich  thuathach  bhuineadh  a'  cliuid 
eile  dhe  'n  tir  gu  ruig  Gallthaobh  agus 
eileanan  Arcaimh.  Agus  bba  Srath- 
chluaidh  agus  taobh  an  iar-dheas 
Albainn  's  an  am  sin  aig  na  Breatann- 
aich. 

(Ri  leanniuinn.)         D.  B.  B, 


LITIK  MU  GHAIDHEIL  GHLASCHU. 
A  Ghaidheil  Ghaolaich, 

Chuir  e  aoibhneas  air  mo  chridho  mar 
a  cliuala  mi  an  sgeul,  gii  'n  do  rinn  sibh 
imrich  thar  a'  chuan  mhor  is  gu  'n  robh 
a'  mhiann  oirbh  a  so  suas  tuineachadh  's  a' 
bliaile  so.  Mata,  mata,  agus  tha  "An 
Gùidheal"  a  so  suas  ri  teachd  a  mach 
gach  mios  ann  an  Glaschu.  Ceud  mile 
fùilte  dhuibh — a'  h-uile  latha  dhuibh — Gu 
ma  fiida  a  bhitheas  sibh  beò  agus  ceo  as 
'ur  tigh.  Nam  biodli  e  mar  mo  mhiannsa, 
bliitheadh  soirbheachadh  gu  leòir  agaibh. 
Cha  bhiodh  Gàidheal  eadar  ceithir  oisinnean 
na  cruithne  nach  bitheadli  air  'àireamh  am 
measg  'ur  luchd  leughaidh,  is  cha  l)hiodh  'ur 
sporan  gun  bhonn  no  'ur  cridhe  gun  ghean. 
Is  ged  nach  'eil  an  da  shealladli  agam,  ged 
nach  fiosaiche  no  fear  seallaidh  mi,  tha  mi 
cinnte  gu  leoir  gu  'm  hi  soirbheachadh 
agaibh.  Tha  mise  ag  innseadli  dliuibh  gu 
'm  bheil  do  Ghàidheil  anns  a'  bhaile  so  fein. 
na  bheireadh  air  'ur  n-oidheirp  pàidheadh. 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


Dara  M'los  an  t-Samhraidh,  1872. 


nan  cuireadh  iad  an  guaillean  ris  a'  glinoth- 
ach  mar  bu  dual  is  bu  duthchasach  dhoibh 
u  dheananih.  Nach  f  bada  o  'n  chuala  sinn 
an  sean  fbocal  "Clanna  nan  Gàidheal  ri 
giiaillibh  a  cheile."  Fbeara  'sa  ghaoil  is 
iomadh  latba  a  sheas  iad  ri  guaillibh  a 
cheile,  o  latha  blàir  Alt-a-blionnaich,  mar  a 
rinn  iad  an  cuid  frin  fo  cheannsal  Triath 
nan  Eilean,  gu  tuil  uaibhreach  àirm  Shas- 
uinn  a  tbilleadh  air  a  h-ais  agiis  crun  na 
h-Alba  a  bhuidhinn  do  Kaibeart  Brns.  giis 
an  latha  "s  an  do  dhiricb  iad  uchdaichean 
Alma,  le  iolach  ait  na  buaidlie  fo  stiuradh 
an  f  hior  Ghàidheil,  Cailean  Caimbeul — Is  tha 
mi  an  dochas  mar  sheas  iad  gu  duineil  cliù 
an  dùthcha  ann  am  mile  blur,  gu'n  seas  iad 
a  nis  a  chearta  cho  fearail  cànain  an  diith- 
cha  le  an  ainmean  a  chur  sios  air  son  "A 
Ghàidheil"  gu  h-ealamh  agus  le  an  airgiod 
phàidhcadh  gu  togarrach  Ach  cha  'n  e 
mhiiin  gu'm  bheil  mòran  Ghàidheal  anus  a' 
bhaile  so  ach  tha  do  Chomuinn  Ghàidheal- 
ach  de  gach  seòrsa  ann,  nan  gabhadh  iad 
"An  Gàiuheal"  fo  an  sgiathaibh  càirdeii 
gu'm  b"  un-ainn  iad  dion  a  thoirt  dha  o  gach 
cruadal,  agus  cuideachadh  anns  gach  aire. 
Is  ma  cheadaicheas  sibh  dhomh,  bheir  mi 
cunntas  goirid  air  cuid  de  na  Comuinn  sin 
agus  ua  h-aobhair  air  son  am  bheil  iad  air  an 
cur  air  chois.  Tha  iad  cho  lionmhor  is  gur 
gann  a  ghabhar  ann  an  aon  litir  iomradh  a 
thoirt  orra  gu  leir,  tuigidh  mata  iadsan  a 
dh"fhaodas  a  bhi  air  am  fiigail  a  mach  nach 
e  dimeas,  ach  diùiiie  is  aobhar.  'S  e  is 
aobhar  gu  'm  bheil  iad  cho  lionmhor,  gu  'n 
d'  fhas  e  fasanta,  o  cheann  tamuU  ùine,  do 
gach  eilean  is  siorramachd  comunn  fhaot- 
uinn  a  suas  co-chcangailte  ris  a'cheàrn  sin,  a 
chum  is  gu'm  bheil  a  nisnacruineachaidhean 
sin  cho  lionmhoi-  ach  gann  ri  eileinibh  innse 
Gall,  no  siorr'achdailih  nan  garbh  chiioch. 
Cha'n'eil  mi  idir  a'  diteadh  a'  chleachdaidh 
60,  oir  is  ciatach  an  tii,  aim  am  measg  otliail 
is  iiprait  a'  bhaile  mhoii-,  a  bhi  cumail  beò 
gaol  dùtlicha,  agus  a  bhi  a'  cuimhneachadh 
ghnathan  agus  chleachdainnean  nan  gleann- 
tan  siochail  'sail  deachaidh  ar  n-àrach;  ach 
oha'n  f  heud  mi  a  ràdh  nach  feudadh  pairt  do  na 
conminn  sin  barrachd  adheanamh  air  son  an 
luchd  dùthcha  na  tha  iad  a'  deanamh.  Tha 
gun  teagamh  air  bith  cuid  diubh  a'  deanani 
mòrain.  ('omhaii'aichte  anns  an  rat  had  so 
tha  an  "Comunn  Gàidhleach"  (Highland 
Society).  Is  gann  a  dh'  fheudar  meud  a' 
inhaith  a  tha  an  comunn  so  a'  deanamh  a 
Km  mhcas.  Tha  iad  a'  cumail  suas  sgoile 
aims  am  bheil  fòghlum  agus  leabhraichean 


gun  airgiod  gun  luach,  air  an  toirt  do  theann 
air  naoi  ceud  do  chloinn  Ghaidhealaich,  Is 
cha  'n  e  teagasg  suarach  a  tha  iad  a'  faigh- 
inn,  oir  cha'n'eil  mi  a'  saoilsinn  gu'm  bheil 
ach  gann  sgoil  ann  an  Glaschu  a  theid  an 
toiseach  oirre.  Is  cha'n  e  mhiiin  gu'm 
bheil  iad  mar  so  air  an  deagh  theagasg,  ach 
tha  gach  bliadhna  deise  bhreacain  air  a 
toirt  do  àireimh  mhòir  do  na  caileagan.  Tha 
an  t-aodach  so  air  a  thoirt  ciia  'n  ann  ann 
an  rathad  deirce  ach  mar  dhuais  do  na 
sgoilearan  a's  feàrr,  a  chum  nach  ruig  a  leas 
an  Gaidheal  a's  uaibhiiche  inntinn  nùir  a 
bhi  air  leigeal  le  a  nighinn  an  t-aodach  a 
chosd — 'si  sochair  anabarrach  a  tha  aig  ar 
luchd-diithcha  anns  a'  bhaile  so,  anns  an 
sgoil  so.  Is  lionmhor  mac  Gaidheil  an 
diugh,  a  tha  'lioiiadh  àite  onoraich  aig  an 
tigh  is  thairis  a  dh'fhaodas  a' chomain  sin 
a  thoirt  air  an  fhòghlum  a  f huair  e  ann  an- 
sgoil  a'  Chomuinn  Ghaidhealaich.  Cha  'n 
'eil  sealladh  a  chi  mi  o  cheann  gu  ceann 
do  'n  bhliadhna  a  tha  cho  taitneach  leam, 
ri  bhi  a'  faicinu,  a  reir  an  gnatha,  air  tois- 
each ceud  mhios  an  t-samhraidh  gach 
bliadhna  clann  na  sgoile  Gàidhealaich  a* 
meùrsadh  fb  cheannsal  an  luchd-teagaisg  is 
luchd  riaghlaidh  a'  chomuinn,  gu  Eaglais 
Chaluim  Chille  far  am  bheil  searmoin  freag- 
arrach  do  chloinn  air  a  toirt  seachad  leis  a' 
mhinisteir.  Is  bòidheach  an  sealladh  da 
rireadh  a  bhi  a'  faicinn  mu  naoi  ceud  cloinne 
ag  iomachd  ann  an  ùrdugh  o'u  sgoil  gus  an 
Eaglais  is  air  an  ais  a  ritliis.  Na  maothrain 
ghaolach!  tha  mo  chridhe  a'  teòghadh  riu 
gach  uair  a  chi  mi  iad.  0  'n  tha  mi  a' 
labhairt  air  sgoil  feudaidh  mi  a  thoirt  fain- 
ear  gu'm  bheil  sgoil  eile  mar  an  ceudna  ann 
an  Glaschu  far  am  bheil  teagasg  agus  leabh- 
raichean a  nasgaidh  air  an  toirt  do  chloinn 
Ghaidhealaich,  ris  an  abrar  sgoil  MhicLach- 
luinn.  Chaidh  an  t-airgiod  a  tha  'cumail 
suas  na  sgoile  so  f  hàgail  le  duine  coir  de  'n 
ainm  Mac  Lachluinn.  Rinn  e  'chuid  airgid 
anns  ua  h-Innsibh,  is  ma  thiomnadh  dh'f  hag 
e  roinn  de  air  son  sgoil  a  thoirt  do  Chloinn 
Ghàidheal  aims  a'  bhaile  so,  agus  is  iomadh 
aon  a  dh'  fheudadh  a  bheannachd  a  thoirt 
air  air  son  a  ghniomha.  Tha  niu  dha  cheud 
Egoilear  anns  an  sgoil  so.  Tha  comunn 
Gàidhealach  eile  againn  mar  an  ceudna,  ris 
an  caiiar  'sa'  bheuria  "Tlie  Celtic  Society." 
Tha  deagh  aobhar  aig  a'  chomunn  so  anns  an 
amharc  mar  an  ceudna, — aobhar  a  bu 
choir  am  brosnachadh  gu  ftiilte  fhuranach 
a  chur  air  "A' Ghàidheal,"  oir  tha  iad  ag 
aideachadh    gu  'm    bheil   an    aon    chrioch 


Dara  Mios  an  t-Samhraidh,  1872. 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


aca  's  an  amharc  ribh  fein.  So  agaibh 
na  nitheau  a  tha  iad  a'  cur  fa  'n  comhair 
fèinadhean,amli  (1.)  "Cànain,  fòghlum,  ceòl, 
bàrdachd,  èideadh,  sean-nithe,  agus  cluich- 
ean  fearail  Ghàidheal  na  h-Alba,  a  chumail 
suas.  (2)  Còmhnadh  airgid  a  thoirt  do 
Oileanaich  Ghàidhealach  athacomharraichte 
airson  an  dichill  no  an  tapadh.  (3.)  Cuid- 
eachadh  a  dheanadh  le  muiantir  a  bhuineas 
do'n  Ghaidhealtachd  a  dh'  fhaodas  tuit- 
eam  ann  am  bochdainn  ann  an  Glascho." 
Tha  run  a'  chomuinn  maith  is  cha  'n  'eil 
teagamh  nach  'eil  an  deanadas  a  ruir  an 
rùin,  oir  tha  cùrr  mòr  air  mile  ball  anns  a' 
chuideachd.  Car  cosmhuil  ris  a'  chomunn 
so  tha  a'  "Chuideachd  Cheann-tìreach," 
Oir  tha  iadsan  mar  an  ceudna  a'  toirt  cuid- 
eachaidh  do  dhuine  òg  aig  an  Oil-thigh, 
agus  a'  cur  dliuaisean  a  chum  nan  sgoiltean 
ann  an  Ceann-tire,  a  bharrachd  air  bhi  a' 
deanamh  còmhnaidh  le  naistnich  Chiun-tire 
a  tha  air  tighinn  gu  bochdaina.  A  thuilleadh 
orra  so  tha  àireamh  mhùr  eile  aig  am  bheil 
'n  am  beachd,  a  bhi  'cumail  suas  ciiirdeis 
agus  carrantachd,  is  a'  deanamh  còmhnaidh 
leis  an  fheumach  is  cuideachaidh  le  luchd  a' 
mhi-fhortain.  Ach  cha  dean  mi  ach  a 
mhàin  an  ainmeachadh.  Tha  an  "  Comunn 
■Earra-ghiiidhealach"  a'deanamh  feumanach 
beag  'san  rathad  so.  Is  "  Comunn  oircheas- 
ach  Pheairt."  Tha  a'  "Chuideachd  Sgiath- 
anach"  ag  amharc  an  dcigh  nàistnich  eileau 
maiseach  a'  cheò.  Tha  "  Cuideachd  oir- 
cheasach  Chataoibh"  a'  deanamh  iochd  air 
an  co-luchd-diithcha.  Tha  "Comunn  Muil- 
each,"  is  "Comunn  Ileach"  ann.  "Comunn 
Abrach,"  is  "Comunn  Appaineach,"  "Cuid- 
eachd Arranach"  is  "Comunn  Collach,'' 
"Cuideachd  nan  Siorramachdan  tuathach," 
agus  "Buidheann  Cheann-lochgilb  is  Loch" 
fine."  Tha  gach  aon  de  na  cuideachdan  so 
a'  coinneachadh  uair  's  a'  bhliadhna  tim- 
chioU  bòrd  suilbheir  na  feisde  gu  dinneir  a 
ghabhail  le  chuile,  no  a'  coinneachadh  ann 
an  talla  eigin  gus  am  feasgar  a  chur 
seachad,  le  ùraidean,  ceùl  agus  ùrain.  Ach 
thacuid  dhiubh a'  deanamh  tuilleadh na  so, oir 
tha  iad  a'sineadh  na  lùimh'  f  hiail  do  iomadh 
aon  air  an  do  luidh  am  mifhortan  gu  trom, 
is  air  an  do  ruig  cruadal  is  eigin.  Fhir  mo 
chridhe,  is  eireachdail  an  sealladh  ri  'f  haic- 
inn  e,  mar  tha  "Tigh  mor  na  cuirme  mar 
liichairt  laiste,"  is  a  tha  "clauna  na  Tir' 
Aird'  ris  an  abrar  gu  bràth  na  gaisgich"  a' 
-coinneachadh,  cuid  diubh  sgeudaichte  ann 
«ideadh  aosda  na  dùthcha,  le  an  sporain 
mhollach  is  an  spangan  airgid ;  na  nionagan 


màlda,  le  am  miog  shuilean  tlatha,  is  na 
mnathan  còire  gu  boiteanach,  sròlach,  rib- 
eanach  gu'n  saoileadh  sibh  gur  bean  baile 
gach  aon  diubh.  Mar  tha  a'  chuideachd  a' 
cruinneachadh,  tha  piobaire  no  dh;\  a'  cur 
nan  smi'iid  dhiubh  a'cluichair  pìobmhòir  nan 
dosan  àrda,  gu  snasmhor  grinn,  port  meàr- 
sidh  eigin.  Cha  'n  ailhne  dhomh  ceòl  a 
ghluaiseas  mo  chridhe  cosmhuil  ri  nualan  na 
piobam(Mre,martha  "Cabar-feidh,"  "Cumha 
Mhic  an  Tòisich,"  "A  mhnathan  a'  Ghlinne.'' 
no  aon  de  na  seann  phuirt  Ghàidhealach  sin 
air  an  deagh  chluich.  Mar  a  tha  a'  chuid- 
eachd cruinn  's  a  ghabhas  fear  na  cathrach 
'àite  's  a  tha  'n  t-altachadh  air  a  ràdh,  's  ann 
an  sm  a  bhitheas  am  farum,  le  gleadhraich 
chupan  is  spainean,  luchd  frithealaidh  a' 
ruith  's  'n  an  dean  ruith  a'  freasdal  do  gach 
aon  cho  suilbhear  togarrach  is  ged  a  bu 
tigheama  fearainn  gach  aon's  a'chuideachd. 
Tha  an  sean-fhocal  ag  riidh  gu 'm  "bi 
gille  aig  an  fheannaig  'san  fhogharadh.'' 
Ach  tha  gille  aig  gach  aoidh  aig  na  cuid- 
eachdaibh  cùirdoil  ud.  Cha  bu  mhaith  learn 
a  bhi  'cur  miothlachd  air  aon  de  na  comuinn, 
ach  cha  'n  fhaod  mi  rùdh.  gun  tig  aon 
diubh  suas  ris  a'  Chomuun  Mhuileach,  aig  a' 
chuirm  bhiiadhnail  aca.  Bha  air  a' 
bhliadhna  so  fein  an  talla  a's  motha  's  a' 
bhaile  air  a  lionadh  o  cheann  gu  ceann  le 
cuideachd  cho  togarrach,  cridheil,  òrdail  is 
a  chunnaic  mi  riamh.  Bha  òrain  Ghùidhlig, 
is  òraidean  Gàidhlig  air  an  toirt  seachad  ann 
am  pailteas.  Oide  is  fheudail!  b'e  an  seall- 
adh e  mar  a  bha  gach  neapaiginn  pòca  a 
mach  a'  togail  seisd  air  an  fhonn;  tha  mise 
aj  ràdh  ribh  nach  'eil  coinneamh  's  a'  bhaile 
a  bheir  ite  as  an  te  Mhuilich,  cha  tig  a' 
h-aon  diubh  ann  an  uisge  na  stiiirach  aice. 
Ach  an  innis  sibhse  dhomh  ciod  a's  ciall  do  'n 
ainm  "^Soiree"  a  thug  iad  air  na  coinn- 
eamhan  ud,  Tha  fhios  o  'n  a  bha  sibh  an 
America  gu'm  bheil  gach  eùlas  agaibh  is  1 
gu  'n  teid  agaibh  air  so  a  dheanamh.  Tha 
iad  ag  ràdh  rium  gur  he  facal  Fraingis  a 
th'  ann,  ach  is  gann  a  tha  mi  'gan  creidsinn. 
Oir  ged  a  thàinig  e  oirnn  as  an  Fhraing  is 
i  mo  bharail  gur  h-e  facal  Gàidhlig  a  th'ann 
a  ghoid  iad  bh'uainn  is  a  tha  uis  a'  tighinn 
oirnn  ann  an  dreach  ùr.  Tha  fhios  agaibh 
gu  'm  bheil  na  Frangaich  gu  math  tapaidh 
tiolpanta,  agus  gu  'm  bheil  e  air  a  chur  as 
an  leth  gur  h-e  an  gnàth  innleachdan  a 
fhuair  muinntir  eile  a  mach  a  thoirt  leò,  is 
an  sin  a  chur  mar  fhiachaibh  air  an 
t-saoghal  gur  iadsan  a  fhuair  a  mach  a' 
chilis  an  toiseach.     Is  tha  duine  coir  a's 


80 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


Dara  Mlos  an  t-Samhraidh,  1872: 


aithne  dhomhsa  ag  rùdli  gur  h-ann  mar  so 
a  rinn  iad  leis  an  fhocal  so.  Tha  esan  'sa' 
bheachd  nach'eil  anns  an  fhacal  soiree  acli 
an  dnigh  Fhraugacli  air  an  fhacal  suiridh!!! 
Ach  biodli  sin  mar  a  thogras  e,  tha  aon  ni 
fior,  gur  ciatach  a  thionudaidheas'iad  a  mach 
aig  na  coinnoachan  sin,  is  cha'n'eil  mi  ag  rùdh 
nach  bi  beagan  do  'n  t  suiridh  a'  do)  cuid- 
eachd,  agus  is  mise  nach  faigh  coire  dhoibh 
mar  tha  gach  ni  gu  beusach  ceart.  Ach 
feumaidh  mi  an  litir  so  a  tharruing  gu  crich, 
ach  mu  'n  dean  mi  sin,  tha  aon  Chomuun 
Gàidhealach  oile  air  am  feum  mi  iomradli  a 
thoirt,  agus  'se  sin  an  "Comunu  Oiseanach." 
Tha  an  comunn  so  a  nis  teann  mhath  air 
leth  cheud  bhadhna  a  dh'  aois,  agus  is 
fior  chomunn  GùiHg  a  tha  ann,  oir  tha  gach 
gnothach  air  a  ghiidan  air  adhart  anns  a' 
Ghàilig.  Tha  na  mionaidean  air  an  sgriobh- 
adh  anns  a'  chànain  mhilis  sin,  is  tha  gach 
òraid  is  deasbaireachd  anns  a'  cheart  chàinnt 
ghaolaich.  Tha  an  comunn  so  a'  coinn- 
eachadh  air  gach  feasgar  Di-h-aoine  fad 
seisein  an  Oilthigh  ann  an  tigh-seiseiu  eag- 
lais  Challum  Claille,  agus  is  iomadh  sear- 
monaiche  fileanta,  gleusda,  an  Albainn  's  an 
Canada  a  bheir  a  bheannachd  air  a'  Cho- 
munn Oiseanach  a' son  anchothroim  a  bhuil- 
ich  e  orra  gu  eòlas  fhaotuinn  air  a'  GhàiHg. 

A  nis,  a  Ghi'iidheil  rùnaich,  thug  mi  dhuibh 
cunntas  air  a'  chuid  mhòir  do  no  comuinn 
Ghàidhealach  againn  anns  a'  bhaile  so,  is 
tha  mi  cinnteach  o  'n  àireimh  gu  'm  lend 
sibh  misneach  a  ghlacadh  a  chum  dol  air 
'ur  n-aghaidh  gu  fearail  'n  'ur  n-obair,  oir 
ma  chuiroas  iad  an  guaillean  ri  chtile  tha  an 
gnothach  leibh. 

Slàn  leibh — Theagamh  gu  'n  cluinn  sibh 
nam  gu  goirid  a  rithis.  An  latha  a  chi 
s  nach  fhaic,  is  mi,  le  gach  deagh  ghuidhe, 
ur  caraid  dileas. 

RUNASDACII. 

Glaschu,  air  Cluaidh,       Ì 
2.3mh.  de'n  Ghiblean,  1K72.  J 


OISEIN:   A   LINN   AGUS   A 
BUARDACHD. 

(air  leantuinn.) 
Cha  'n  'eil  na  comharraidhean  aon 
chuid  fann  no  faoin  a  tha  dàin  Oisein 
annta  f(5iu  a  noclidadh  gu  'm  buin  iad 
do  aimsir  a  tha  fada  air  chiil.  Tha  c 
Huilleir  gu  'n  robh  laoicli  is  saoi  na 
Fdinne  ann  an  suidheachadh  simplidh; 
gu  'n  robh  iad  fatha-st  ann  an  òg  mhad- 


uinn  au  cinneadalachd  'n  uair  a  chaidh 
slige  au  t-sòlais  mu  'n  cuairt,  agus  a 
thog  au  righ  am  foun  air  h\ithibh  nan 
sonn  a  b'  hirde  gniomh,  is  Ian  mhile 
fear  focail  shuas  ag  aomadh  gu  luaidli 
an  righ.  Is  e  leantuinn  na  seilge  air 
raon  is  aonach,  agus  marcachd  thairis 
air  stuaidhean  a'  chuain  mhoir,  maille 
ri  Cruaidh  is  Maile  ciar  a  ghiiilau  aun 
an  dealan  beur  a'  chòmhraig,  a  bu 
chleachduinn  do  laoich  na  Feinne. 
Cha  robh  au  aite  còmhuuidh  seas- 
mhach.  'Nuair  theirgeadh  tuirc  is 
feidh  ann  an  aon  aite,  rachadh  na 
seann  Ghàidheil  gu  aite  eile;  agus  is 
ann  air  an  aobhar  so  a  tha  e  'tachairt 
gu  'm  bheil  aiumean  air  am  faotainn 
an  sud  agus  an  so,  a  tha  'gleidheadh 
cuimhne  air  sàr-threin  na  Feinne. 
Cha  robh  eòlas  no  tuigse  aca,  mar  tha 
dain  Oisein  gu  soilleir  a  dearbhadh,  air 
ealdhain  no  innlcachd  air  bith  ach  a 
mhàin  orrasan  a  bha  feumail  doibh 
anns  a'  bheatha  a  bha  iad  a'  caitheamh. 
Bha  iad  eòhxch  air  iarunn.  Is  ann  an 
Ceàrdach  Luinn  Mhic  Liobhuinn  a  bha 
ri  obair  gobhainn  aig  righ  Lochluinn 
anns  a'  Bheirbhe,  a  bha  sleaghau  is 
lannan  na  Feinne  air  an  deanamh.  Is 
e  Mac  an  Luinn  a  b'ainm  do'n  chlaidh- 
eamh  a  bha  Fionughal  ag  iomchar.  Is 
eiginn  gu  'u  robh  eùhxs  nach  bu  ghann 
aca  mar  au  ceudna  air  seòhxdaireachd. 
Oir  tha  e  soilleir  gu  'n  robh  iad  gu 
minic  ag  imeachd  thar  a'  chuan  shum- 
ainneach,  stuadhach  gu  Lochlann,  gu 
Innisfàil  is  Innis-nan-torc.  B'e  mianu 
nan  laoch  an  eithear  dhoun  is  a  chur- 
ach  luath  ag  eiridh  suas  air  cuau  nan 
long,  a'  gearradh  an  astair  feadh  thonn 
gun  chiiram,  mar  theiue  nan  speur 
troimh  bhearnaibh  beur  nan  neul. 
Ged  bha  longan  na  Feinne  fo'n  siiiil 
bh;\na  'beumadh  troimh  'n  cheathaich 
ghlais  air  toirm  nan  stuadh  's  nan  tonn 
eiti,  's  an  cobhar  ban  mu  'm  muineal 
shuas;  gidheadh,  dileas  do  shimplidh- 
eachd  na  luiugis  'saun  le  iallaibh  air  an 
deanadh,  mar  dh'fhaodas  sinn  a  chreid- 
sinn.debhiannamfiadh'sbheabhaichean 


Dara  Mìos  rn  t-Samhraidh,  1872. 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


81 


na  seilge  a  bha  na  siùil  gheala  air  an 
ceangal.  Chi  sinn  mar  so  gu  'n  robh 
eòlas  na  Feinne  a  ruigheachd  air  na 
cleachduinnibh  aca  fein,  agus  nach 
robh  ni  b'  fhaide. 

Air  feadh  bardachd  Oisein  uile,  cha 
'n  'eil  luaidh  air  a  dheanamli  air  inn- 
leachd  no  àbhaist  nach  'eil  a'  comh- 
chòrdadh  ri  òige  nan  laithean  anns  an 
do  thog  iad  fuaim  air  teudaibh  na  clàr- 
saich  ann  an  Talla  Sheallamai  Giul- 
ainidh  an  ni  so  fein  Oisein  is  a  threun- 
laoich  gu  aimsir  fad  o  chian. 

Ged  b'  e  athair  Osccdr  agus  mac 
Fhionnghail  righ  Sheallama « nam  feart, 
bard  caomh  nan  iomadh  sgeul ;  ged  bu 
bhinn  gach  dan  o  'bheul  maiseach,  an 
trath  thòisicheadh  esan  rujh  nam  bard 
air  iomradh  àrd  nan  laoch  's  nan  lann ; 
bha  'smuaintean  arda,  òirdhearc,  agus 
a  shamhiaidhean  bòidheach  fìrinneach 
air  an  tarruing  o  nàdur  fein.  Fuaim  no 
guth,  luaidh  no  moladh  cha  'n  'eil  'n  a 
bhàrdachd  uile  air  curaidh  Greugach 
no  air  filidh  Romanach.  Cha  chualar 
leis  riamli  gun  do  sheinn  Ilomar  iom- 
raiteach  treubhantas  is  euchdan  nan 
Greugach,  maille  ri  fearg  an-iochd- 
mhor  Achilleis,  ni  mo  dh'  inntrig 
ranuan  sgeineil  grinn  Virgeil  agus 
Horals,  a  chridhe  riamh.  B  'e  nàdur 
fein  ban-altrum  cbaoimhneil  Oisein. 
A'  ghrian,  mac  aighearrach  nan  speur 
anns  an  ògmhaduinn  agus  ann  an 
duibhre 'n  fheasgair;  na  neòil,  a  dh' 
iadhas  mu  lòchran  nan  leadanòrbhuidh, 
'ga  dheanamli  smalanach,  sprochdach, 
agus  an  uair  'dh'  imicheas  iad  thairis 
air,  ag  aiseag  sunnd  is  gean  is  sòlais ; 
a'  ghealach  leth-chòmhdaichte  le  trus- 
gan  dorcha,  agus  aig  am  eile  'toirt 
seachad  a  soluis  fein  le  'guiiis  àiUidh 
aoidheil;  na  sruthan  gàireach,  tormau- 
ach  a  ruitheas  dian  bho  aonaichibh 
nam  fuar-bheanu  arda;  an  ceo  a  thùir- 
lingeas  ann  an  iomadh  dealbh  is  cruth 
air  broilleach  nan  raon,  air  uchd  nan 
lochan  's  air  taobh  nan  cnoc  le  scleò 
dhuaichni;  na  cluarain  a'  crathadh  an 
cinn  ann  an  osag  Lhiai;   feartan  na 


Feinne  le  cruaidh  is  mhile;  fuaim  lùir- 
each  is  beumadh  lann,  osuaidheaa 
thaibhsean  is  guiomharan  nan  laithean 
a  bha  's  a  dh'  aom ;  b'  iad  so  uile  càird- 
ean  Oisein,  an  trath  a  mhosgladh  'anam 
le  guth  nan  dan  's  le  fuaim  nam  fonn. 
Agus  CO  a  leughas  bardachd  Oisein  agus 
a  thuigeas  a  h-òirdheirceas  agus  a  snas 
— mòrachd  a  smuaintean,  nach  aidich 
air  ball  gu  'm  bheil  e,  mar  thubhairt  e 
fein  mu  Fhionnghal  nam  feart,  a'  seas- 
amh  leis  fein,  gun  choimeas  am  measg 
nam  filidhean. 

Thig  e  dhuinn  a  nis  oidhirp  a  dhean- 
amh  air  linn  a'  Bhàird  aosmhoir 
thairisich  a  shonrachadh  a  mach  ni' 
mionaidiche.  Chunnaic  sinn  gu  'n, 
bheil  cainnt  is  dealbh  nan  dan  fein  ag 
inuseadh  sgeoil  air  am  o  aois,  agiis 
gu  'm  bheil  còrdadh  dlùth  follaiseach 
eadar  smuaintean,  beachdan,  agus 
guiomharan  a'  Bhàird.  Ghleus  e 
'chruit  chiiiil,  agus  dh'  imich  anam  an 
srutli  nam  fonn  's  nan  òran,  oir  bu 
taitneach  leis  faireachduinnean  a 
chridhe  a  dhòirteadh  a  mach  gu 
nadurra.  Cha  b'  e  iarrtuis  solas  a 
thoirt  do  dhaoinibh  fòghluimte.  Cha 
robh  e  air  a  theannachadh  le  riaghailt- 
ibh  sgriobhta  na  Bardachd.  Bha  toirm 
nan  dan  bho'n  am  a  dh'  aom,  tlachd- 
mhor  do  'n  anam  a  bha  tairis,  fial. 
Dh'  aithris  bilean  a'  Bhaird  gu  fior  's  gu 
nadurra  na  smuaintean  bbidheach  'sna 
h-òrain  bhlasda  'bha  'tuiueachadh  ann 
an  uaigneas  anama  fein. 

Tha  iomradh  air  a  dheanamh  air 
siol  nan  coigreach,  agus  ann  an  Caomh- 
mhala  tha  Caracul  is  Caruimi  nan 
sruth  ag  iadhadh  ann  am  fuil  a'  bhiiirn, 
air  an  toirt  far  comhair.  Thug 
Fionnghal  buaidh,  's  bha  solas  air  ard 
na  mòrbheinn. 

Tha  ruaig  air  mac  righ  an  domhain 
's  a  shluagh. 

"  Togaibhs'  a  bheula  nan  dan, 
Togaibh  gu  h-àrd  am  blàr  aig  Carunn ; 
Theich  Caracul  's  a  shluagh  o  m'  lainn. 
Theich  e  thall  thar  raoin  an  àrdain. 


82 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


Dara  Mios  aa  t-Samhraidh,  1872 


A  ghaisgich  mar  dhealain  air  sliabh 
'Tlia  'sgeadachadh  tannais  na  h-oidhche, 
'S  e  'g  aomadh  ro'  ghaoitli  o  'n  iar 
'Sa'choille  chiarmu'n  cuairta'boillsgeadh 
Taom,  a  Charuinn,  taom  do  shruth ; 
An  aoibhneas  an  diugh  siubhail  sios. 
Theich  coigrich  a  b'  àirde  guth." 

Tha  e  cosmhuil  gur  h-e  Caracalla 
mac  Hhevei'uis  an  ceaiuiard  ard  Rom- 
anach  a  tha  air  a  chiallacliadli  an  so. 
Chaochail  Severus  aun  an  toiseach  an 
treasamli  linn,  agus  mar  sin,  tha  bun- 
chair  is  barantas  againn  aun  a  bhi  'g 
amharc  air  an  treasamh  no  'n  ceath- 
ramh  linn,  mar  an  t-àm  anns  an  robh 
talk  na  fèile  's  nam  fleagh,  nan  cuach 
's  nan  corn,  'n  a  sheasamh  ann  an 
Seallama  nan  tiir  ard,  mun  robh  laoich 
na  Fdinne  'n  an  tannais  gun  tuar  's  a 
chàrn  air  neòil  agus  fuar-ghaoith 
Ghonai, 

Tha  fios  againn  gur  h-iad  ainmean 
Locklituieachsb  tha,  mòran  de  eileanaibh 
Albainn  a  giiilan.  Jura,  Scarba, 
Staffa — cha  'n  e  so  fuaim  na  Gàilig. 
Cha  'n  'eil  blasdachd  Oisein  anns  na 
h-ainmibh  so.  Buinidh  iad  do  thir 
'sdochainnt  nan  coigreach.  Bhagun 
teagamh  ainm  gach  eilein  is  caoil,  gach 
maigh  is  raoiu  air  tils  Gàidhealach.  Is 
anns  a'  cheathramh  agus  anns  a'  chuig- 
eamli  linn  a  thainig  na  Lochlinnich 
siol  nan  tonn  a  nuas,  agus  a  rinn  iad 
àiteachadh  ann  an  eileanaibh  Albainn. 
Bha,  mata,  Oisein  agus  suinn  threubh- 
acli  na  Feinne  roimh  an  am  so.  Cho 
fada  's  a  tlia  e  comasach  a  leithid  so 
de  ni  a  r(^'iteacliadh  gu  ceart,  tlia  e  air 
adheanamhamach  gurh-anns  a' cheath- 
ramh linn  a  ràinig  teachdairean  a' 
Chreidimh  Chriosduidh  tir  nam  beann 
's  nan  sruthan  fuaimneach. 

Aig  toiseach  Ckaltlw'nm  is  Cliaol- 
mkail,thii  Bard  Chonai'labhairt  mar  so : 
"Glan  ^'utli  na  Ibnna  de  thri'in, 
Fliir  'tlia  'tuincadli  Icat  fein  an  cos. 
Fliir  a  tlii'iinii,^  o  iiiliiV^di  nan  Gall, 
MosL^laidh  ni'anani  an  ialla  nan  Hea.!:,'li; 
Mar  na  làithean  am  bliadhnaibh  thall: 
Tlia  mi  's'mcadli  mo  làinli  'tha  lag, 
Is  an  osun  fo  smachd  mo  chlèibh'. 


An  cluinn  tlui,  sliil  nan  cos  an  craig 
Fonn  o  Oisian  mu  'òg  glmiomb  fein? 
Am  faic  fear  tninidli  nan  cos  ciar' 
S.L,àath  mliòr  Oisein  an  àird  an  talla 
Fo  cbomharradh  scara  nan  còmhrag? 
Thrc'ig  an  soillse  glan  a  balla, 
Tha  meirg  air  a  ballaibh,  mo  dbòruinn! 
Cluinu-sa,  fliir  tuinidh  nan  cos  ciar', 
Mòr  sgeul  air  na  bliadhnaibh  'tba  tball." 

Is  ann  an  seann  Idithibh  Oisein  a 
sgriobh  e  'n  dan  so.  Cha  'n  'eil  è  eu- 
cosmhuil  idir  gur  h-e  aon  de  cheud 
Shearmonaichibh  an  t-soisgeil  a  tha  'm 
Bard  a'  ciallachadh  leis  an  neach  a 
thainig  0  mhagh  nan  Gall  'sa  bha  'tuin- 
eadh  leis  fein  an  cos  nan  creag.  Is  ann 
an  dèigh  do  righ  Fearghas  a  liichairt 
a  phlanutachadh  ann  an  tir  nan  GaU, 
agus  frithean  is  aonaichean  na  Gàidh- 
ealtachd  a  thrèigsinn,  a  dh'  eirich 
roinnean  am  measg  luchd  tuinidh  nan 
àrd-bheann.  Sgairte  bho  cheile  le 
glinn  leathan  dhomhaiu,  no  le  aibh- 
nichibh  brasa  beucach;  cuairtichte  le 
lochaibh  farsuing  eiti  no  le  beanntaibh. 
corrach  àrda,  roinneadh  na  Gaidheil 
'nam  buidhnibh  an  dèigh  do  chuirm 
'sdo  chompanas  an  righ  an  trèigsinn. 
B'e  so  a  bu  phriomli  aobhar  do  na 
roinnibh  ris  an  abrar  Clann  nan  Galdh- 
eal.  Tha  laoich  is  treun-fhir  Oisein  a* 
gèiUeachduinn  do  'n  mhòr  thriath 
Fionnghal  gun  fhocal,  gun  ghutli  o  'n 
ceann :  gach  siiil  air  lainn  is  tuar  an 
righ,  is  esan  a'  tarruing  a  shleagh  _o 
'chill.  Is  i  gairm  ard  mhic  Chomhail 
a  thionaileadh  mòr  ghaisgeacha  na 
Feinne  gu  cath  no  fleadhachas;  agus 
cha  robh  cinn  feadhna  no  ceannardan 
air  bith  eile  air  an  aithneachadh  no  air 
an  aideachadh. 

Tha  mi  'saoilsinn  ma  chuireas  sinn 
an  cuideachd  a  cheile  na  h-aobliairean 
air  an  d'  rinn  mi  nis  gu  h-aithghearr 
iomradh,  gu'm  bheil  againn  barantas 
seasmhach  ann  a  bhi  'creidsinn  gur 
h-anns  an  treasamh  linn aghluais  Fionn- 
ghal gu  stri  nan  lann,  agus  a  thog 
Oisein  fonn  mills  nan  òran  air  teudaibh 
nan  sàr-chlàrsach. 

[Ri  leanntuinn.)         CONA. 


Dara  Mios  an  t-Samhraidh,  1872. 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


83 


UKNUIGH  OISEIN. 

Oisein. 
Aithris  sgeul,  a  Phàdniig, 

An  onair  do  leughainn," 
Am  bheil  nèamh  gu  h-àraidh, 

Aig  Fiannaibh  na  h-Eirinn? 
Padruig. 
Bheireams'  briathar  dhuitse, 

Oisein  nan  glonn,t 
Nacb  'eil  neamh  aig  t'  athair, 

Aig  Oscar,  no  aig  Goll. 
O.  'S  olc  an  sgeul,  a  Phàdruig, 

A  th'  agad  dliomhs',  a  cbleirich ; 
C  uim'  am  bithinn-sa  ri  cràbhadh, 

Mur  'eil  neamh  aig  Fiannaibh  Eirinn? 
P.  Nach  dona  sin,  Oisein, 

Fhir  nam  briathra  boile, 
'Sgu'm  b'  fheàrr  Dia  re  aon  uair', 

Na  Fianna  Eirinn  uile? 
O.  B*  f  hearr  leam  aon  chath  làidir, 

A  chuireadh  Fionn  na  Feinne, 
Na  Tighearn  a'  chrabhaidh, 

Agus  thusa,  chleirich. 
P.JiGre  beag  a'  chuilf  chronanach, 

Agus  mònaran  na  greine, 
Gun  fhios  do'n  Righ  mhoralach^ 

Cha  tc-id  fo  bbil'  a  sgeithe. 
C.  'N  saoil  tliu 'm  b' ionann e 's  Mac  Cumhail, 

An  righ  'bh'  againn  air  na  Fiannaibh? 
Dh'  f  haodadh  gach  neach  'bha  air  thalamh, 

Dol  'n  a  thalla-san||  gun  iarraidh. 
P.  Oisein !  's  fada  do  shuain, 

Eirich  suas  is  eisd  na  sailm, 
O'n  chain  thu  nis  do  liith  'sdo  rath, 

'S  nach  cuir  thu  cath  ri  la  garbh. 
0.  Ma  chain  mi  mo  liith  's  mo  rath, 

'S  nach  maireann  cath  a  bha  aig  Fionn, 
Do  d'  chleirsinneachd  is  beag  mo  speis, 

'S  do  cheòl  eisdeachd  ni  'm  fiach  leam. 
P.  Cha  chual  thu  co  math  ri  m'  cheòl, 

0  thus  an  domhain  mhòir  gus  a  nocbd; 
'S  tha  thu  aosda  an-ghlic  liath, 

Fhir  a  dhioladh  cliar  air  chnoc. 
0.  'S  trie  a  dhiol  mi  cliar  air  chnoc, 

'lUe  Phiidruig  a's  olc  rim, 
'S  eucoir  dhuitse  'chain  mo  chruth,^ 
0  nach  d'jfhuair  thu  guth  air  thus. 


Chualas  ceòl  os  cionn  do  cheòil, 
Ge  mòr  a  mholas  tu  do  chliar ; 

Ceòl  air  nach  luidh  leth-trom  laoich, 
Faoghar  cuilc  aig  an  Ord  Fhiann. 

'N  uair  a  shuidheadh  Fionn  air  cnoc, 

Sheiuneamaid  port  do  'n  Ord  Fhiann, 
"Chuireadh  'n  an  codal  na  slòigh, 

'SJochòin  bu  bhinne  e  na  'chliar. 
Smeòrach  bheag  dhubh  o  Ghleann  Small, 

Faoghar  nam  bare  ris  an  tuinn," 
Sheinneamaid  an  leithid'  a  phuirt, 

Is  bha  sinn  fein  's  ar  cruit  ro  bhinn. 

Bha  tri  gaodhair  dheug  aig  Fionn, 

Leigeamaid  iad  ri  Gleann  Small ; 
'S  bu  bhinne  glasghairmf  ar  con, 

Na  do  chluigs',  a  chleirich  chàidh.  % 
Guide  ruinne. Fionn  ar  dia, 

A  riar  cliar§  agus  sgoil 
Thug  e  la  air  bronnadh  òir|| 

'S  an  ath  lò  air  meaghar  chon. 
P.  Aig  meud  'f  hiughair  ri  meaghar  chon, 

'S  e  dioladh  sgoil  gach  aon  la, 
'S  aig  lughaid  eisimeil  ri  Dia, 

Anis  tha  Fionn  nam  Fiann  an  làìmh. 
0.  'S  gann  a  chreideas  mi  do  sgeul, 

A  chleirich  le  d'  leabhar  ban, 
Gu  'm  bitheadh  Fionn,  no  cho  fial, 

Aig  duine  no  aig  Dia  an  làimh. 

P.  Ann  an  ifrinn  tha  e'n  làimh, 

Fear  le  'n  sàth  bhi  bronnadh  òir, 
Air  son  a  dliimeas  air  Dia, 

Chuir  iad  e  'n  tigh  pian  fo  leon.U 
0.  Nan  robh  Clanna  Morni  steach. 

Is  Clanna  Baoisgne,  na  fir  threun", 
Bheireamaid-ne  Fionn  a  raach, 

No  bhiodh  an  teach  againn  fein. 
P.  Còig  còigeanna""'-'  na  h-Eirinn  ma  seach, 

'S  air  leat-sa  gur  mòr  am  feura, 
Cha  tugadh  sin  Fionn  a  mach, 

Ged  bhiodh  an  teach  agaibh  fein. 
0.  Nach  math  an  t-àite  ifrinnft  fein, 

A  chleirich  dha  'n  leir  an  sgoil? 


*  Tbe  MS.  Ì3  'lebhidh';  the  Dean  of  Lismore's  Book 
has  'leyvm"='leughainn,'  which  w3  have  adopted. 

f  'Glonn,'  deed  of  valour,  exploit. 

{  'Cuil,'  a  fly ;  'a"  chuil  chronanach,"  the  humming  fly. 

§  'Mùnaran,' mote. 

II  The  MS.  is  'tsheolle,'  for,  probably,  'shealladh';  "na 
shealladh-san,'  into  his  presence.  Dr.  Young's  copy  has 
"na  thalla-san,'  into  his  hall,  which  we  have  adopted. 
The  Dean  of  Lismore's  Book  has  '  'n  a  thigh.' 

H  It  is  difficult  to  decide  whether  the  word  in  the  MS. 


is  'cruth'  or  'emit';  the  copies  of  Hill  and  Dr  Young 
have  'cruth.' 

♦  TheMS.  andHill'soopyhave 'tuinn.'  ' Tonn' is  some- 
times feminine.  See  Armstrong's  Dictionary,  and  Duncan 
Riach  M'Nicol's  lines  at  the  end  of  this  poem. 

t  'Glasghairm,'  noise  of  hounds. 

t  'Càidh,'  holy,  pure. 

§  The  MS.  is  'A  riar  chliar  agus  scoil;'  Hill's  copy  has 
'A  riar  do  chliar  is  do  scoil,'  but  inaccurately  printed. 
'Riar,'  please,  satisfy,  distribute,  serve.  See  O'Reillys 
Dictionary. 

II  'Bronnailh  òir,' distributing  gold. 

i[  'Bhròn  '  is  written  in  the  MS.  over  'leòn.' 

*»  'Coige,'  a  fifth,  a  province. 

tt  'lume'inMP. 


84 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


Dara  Mios  an  t-Samhraidh,  1872. 


Nach  CO  math  is  flaitheas  De, 

Ma  gheibhear  innt'  fcidh  is  coin? 
Bha  mise  la  air  sliabli  Bhòid, 

Agus  Caoilte  'bu  chruaidh  lann, 
Bha  Oscar  ann  is  Groll  nan  sleagh, 

DòmhnuU  nam  lleadh  is  Fraoch'  o  'n 
ghleann ; 
Fionn  Mac  Cumhail,  borb  a  bhrigh, 

Bha  e  'n  a  Righ  os  ar  cionn. 
Tri  inaca  àrd-rìgh  nan  sgiath, 

Bu  mhòr  am  miann  air  dol  a  shealg, 
A  Phàdriiig  nam  baehall  fiar,* 

Cha  leigeamaid  Dia  os  ar  cionn. 
Bu  bheag  leam  Diarmad  0'  Dhuinn, 

Agus  Fearrghas  'bu  bhinue  glòir, 
Nam  bu  chcad  leat  mi  do  'n  huidh, 

A  chleirich  nuaigh,t  a  theid  do  'n  Roimh. 
p.  C'uim'  nach  cead  leam  thu  do  'n  luaidh, 

Ach  thoir  t'  aire  gu  luath  air  Dia? 
O  'n  tha  nis  deireadh  air  t'  aois, 

Sguir  do  d'  bhaois,:j:  a  shean-fhir  leith. 

0.  A  Phàdruig,  ma  thug  thu  cead, 

Air  beagan  a  labhairt  duinn, 
Nach  aidicli  thu,  ma  's  cead  le  Dia, 

Flath  nam  Fiann  a  radh  air  thiis? 

P.  Cha  d'  thug  mise  comas  duit, 
A  shean-fhir  chiiirt,  agus  thu  liath, 

B'  fheàrr  Mac  Muire  re  aon  la 
Na  duine  a  thainig  riamh. 

0.  Nior  robli  math  aig  neach  fo  'n  ghreia 
Gu  'm  b'  f  heàrr  e  f ein  na  mo  thriath ; 

Mac  miiirneach  nach  d'  eitich§  cliar 
'S  cha  leigeadh  e  Dia  os  a  chionn. 

P.  Na  comhaidll  thusa  duine  ri  Dia, 
A  shean-fliir  h-ith,  na  breithnich  e; 

Is  fada  o  'n  thainig  a  neart, 
Is  mairidh  a  cheart  gu  brath. 

0.  Chomhaidinnse  Fionn  nam  fleadh 
Ri  aon  neach  a  sheall  's  a'  ghrein ; 

Cha  d'  iarr  [e]  riamli  ni  air  neach 
'S  cha  mho  'dh'  eur^i  e  neach  niu  ni. 

Bhcireamaid  seachd  cathan  fichead,  an 
Fliiann, 
Air  sithean  Druim  Cliair  a  muigh; 


•  The  MS.  is  'fial,'  an  obvious  mistake  for  'fiar,'  the 
word  ia  Dr.  Young's  cojjy.  The  'baohall  fiar'  was  the 
crosier. 

t  'Nuaigli,'  heaven;  also  holy. 

X  The  M.S.  i.s  'mhaoigh'  for  'bhaoithe,'  abstract  noun 
(aspirated)  from  'baoth;'  I>r.  Ycjung's  copy  has  bhaos= 
'  bhaothas  ;■"  Hill's  copy  bus  Chaois,'  a  misprint  for  'bhaois, 
levity,  folly. 

§  'Kitich,' refuse. 

II  'Comhaid,'  compare. 

•I  'Eur,' refuse. 


Cha  tugamaid  urram  do  Dhia, 

No  'cheann  cliair*''  a  bha  air  bith.f 
P.  Seachd  cathan  fichead  dhuibhse,'n  ar  Feinn, 

Cha  do  chreid  sibh  'n  Dia  nan  diil; 
Cha  mhaireann  duine  do  'r  sliochd, 

'S  cha  bheò  ach  riochd:j:  Oisein  iiir. 
0.  Cha  'n  e  sin  'bu  choireach  ruinn, 

Ach  turas]Fhinn  a  dhol  do  'n  Roimh, 
Cumail  cath  Ghabhra  leinn  f  ùin, 

Bha  e  claoidh  ai  Feinn  gu  mòr. 
P.  Cha  'n  e  sin  'chlaoidh  sibh  uile  ann 

A  mhic  Fhinn,  o  'n  gearr  gu  d'  re ; 
Eisd  ri  radh  Righ  nam  bochd, 

'S  iarr  thusa  nochd  neamh  dhuit  fein. 
0.  Comraich§  an  da  abstol  deug, 

Gabhaidh  mi  dhomh  fein  a  nochd; 
Ma  rinn  raise  peacadh  trom, 

A  chur  an  cnoc  nan  torn  a  muigh. 
Crìoch. 
The  following  lines  follow  in  the  MS. : 
Thoir  an  eachdraidh  'Mhaighstir  Dorahnull, 

A  tha  'chòmhnaidh  an  cois  na  tuinne ;  || 
An  urnuigh  'bha  aig  Oisean  liath-ghlas, 

Nach  robh  riamh  ach  'n  a  dhroch  dhuine. 
It  is  then  added,  in  reference,  we  suppose, 
to  these  lines : 

The  above  stanzas  were  composed  by 
Duncan  Riach  M'Nieol,  in  Glenorchy, 
commonly  called  "The  modern  Ossian." 
(This  poem  is  from  a  manuscript  collection 
of  Ossiauic  and  other  poems,  which  belonged 
to  the  Rev.  Donald  M'Nieol,  Lismore, 
author  of  "Remarks  on  Dr.  Johnson's 
Journey  to  the  Hebrides  &c."  A  copy, 
nearly  the  same  as  M'Nicol's,  but  very 
inaccurately  printed,  was  published  in 
Hill's  Collection  in  1784,  and  was  after- 
wards reprinted  in  the  Plighlaud  Society's 
Report  on  the  Poems  of  Ossian  (1805). 
Another  but  slightly  different  copy  was 
published  in  1787,  in  the  Transactions  of 
tlie  Royal  Irish  Academy,  by  Dr.  M.  Young, 
an  Irish  gentleman,  who  travelled  in  the 
Highlands  in  the  summer  of  178-4.  There 
is  also  a  copy  in  the  Dean  of  Lismore's 
Book,  but  it  difters  considerably  from  the 
otlier  copies  which  we  have  seen,  and  the 
modern  version  of  it  published  a  few  years 
ago  is  frc(iuently  inaccurate.  The  MS.  of 
tills  poem  is  dated  1762-3.     A.  C.) 


*  The   MS.   was   originally  'dhaoin  triach'='dh'aoa 
triath,'   but  was  sub.sequenty  altered. 
{  'Bith,'  world. 

X  Dr  Young's  copy  has  'rioghachd.' 
§  'Comraich,' protection. 

II  Viz.  Lismore, 


,  Hlos  an  t-Samhraidh,  1873. 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


85 


NAIDHEACHDAN. 

Anns  na  làitliibh  a  tha  ann  an  diugh  tha 
atharrachaidhean  mora  a'  tighinn  air  caoch- 
ladh  nithean  le  luathas  ro  iongantach.  Tha 
iiitlie  lira  a'  gabhail  àite  air  aghaidh  na 
talmhainn  agus  am  measg  chinneach  an 
t-saogliail  le  ealamhachd  a  bhiodh  'n  a 
nùorbhuil  do  mhuinntir  Imntean  roimbe  so. 
Ged  tha  so  fior  gu  coitchionn,  gidheadh 
cha  'n  'eil  e  fior  mu  cheisd  no  dhà  air  am 
bhcil  sinn  ri  iomradh  a  dheanamh  air  ball. 
An  deigh  so  cumaidh  sinn  cuimhne  air 
nithibh  cudthromach  a*s  buanaiche  is  a's 
femnaile  na  cheile. 

Tha  ceisd  dhuilich  ris  an  abrar  "  Agraidh- 
ean  air  son  na  h-Alabamai,"  a  blia  gun 
reiteachadh  o  am  Cogaclh  A  mericai,  a'  tarr- 
uing  a  nis  gu  deireadli.  Cha  'n  'eil  e  cos- 
rahuil  gu  'm  bi  eas-aonadh  bagarrach  's  am 
bith  eadar  an  da  rioghachd,  Breatann  agus 
na  Stàidean  Aonaichte  mu  'n  ghnothach  so. 

Tha  a'  chrioch  so  'n  a  h-aobhar  ghair- 
deachais  agus  'n  a  riarachadh  niòr  do  'n  da 
shluagh.  'S  e  call  eagallach  a  bhiodh  ann 
gu  'm  briseadh  cogadh  a  mach  eadar  an  da 
shluagh  a  tha  cho  dileas  an  dàimh.  Thug 
na  Stàidean  air  an  ais  nah-Agraidhean  ueo- 
chuimseach  a  riun  iad  an  toiseach  na 
bliadhna;  agus  troimhe  so  tha  rathad  fosg- 
ailte  gu  bann-còrdaidh  a  dheanamh  a  bhith- 
eas  'n  a  riaghailt  stiùraidh  sheasmhach, 
agus  fheumail  dhoibh  ft'in  agus  do  riogh- 
achdaibh  eile, 

Tha  faoin  iomradh  an  dràsd  a  ris  air 
tighinn  a  Africa  gu'rn  bheil  an  t-Olla  Libh- 
ingston,  o  nach  d'  f  huaradh  fios  cinnteach  o 
cheann  bhliadhnachan,  fathast  beò;  agus 
gu'm  feud  sùil  a  bhi  ris  gu  geàrr  a  meadhon 
Africai.  Feudaidh  an  sgeul  so  a  bhi  fior, 
ach'cha  do  dhearbhadh  buileach  e  thuige 
so;  ach,  co-dhiii  cha'n  fhada  gus  an  cluinn- 
ear  fios  àraidh  o  'n  mhuinntir  a  chaidh  air 
a  thùir. 

Tha  bliadhna  no  dha  o 'n  thòisicheadh  air 
Eeachd  nr  Pàrlamaid  air  son  sgoilean 
Rioghachd  ?n  Albainn  a  thoirt  a  mach; 
ach  thuit  gach  oidhirp  a  dh'  ionnsuidh  so 
gu  làr.  'S  iad  na  h-aobhairean  tuisleach- 
aidh  na  beachdan  ioma-sgeulach  a  tha  aig 
gach  buidheann  fa  leth  air  na  nithibh  a  bu 
choir  a  bhi  air  an  teagasg  anus  na  Sgoilibh 
Rioghachd.  'S  i  a'  phuiug  gu  h-àraidh  a 
tha  'n  a  cnàimh  connspaid,  co  dhiùbh  a's 
coir  do'n  Pharlamaid  fèin  lagh  a  dheanamh 
gu'm  feum  am  BiobuU  a  bhi  air  a  theagasg 
anns  na  Sgoilibh  Rioghachdail,  no  comas  a 
thoirt  do  bhuill  Bòrd  gach  Sgireachd  fa  leth 


beantuinn  ris  mar  a  chitheadh  iadsan  iom- 
chuidh.  Ròghnaich  an  neach  a  thurr  a 
steach  am  Bill  do  Thigh  Tochdrach  na  Pàr- 
lamaid  an  ciirsa  so  mu  dheireadh  a  ghabh- 
aii,  an  gnothachfhagai!  an  lamhaibh  Buill 
nam  Bòrd ;  ged  a  tha  am  Bill  a  nis  gu 
maith  air  aghaidh  thamòran  do  Bhuill  na 
Pàrlamaid  a'  sònruchadh  atharrachaidhean 
mora  a  dheanamh  air  mu  'n  ceadaichear 
dha  tighinn  a  mach  'n  a  lagh.  O'n  staid 
anns  am  bheil  e'n  dràsd  tha  iomadh  a' 
co-dhunadh  nach  urrainn  iad  fhaotainn 
troimh'n  Pharlamaid  am  bliadhna. 

A  thaobh  ceisd  an  Aonaidh  am  measg 
nan  Eaglaisean  Cleireach  an  Alba,  gu  sòn- 
ruichte  eadar  an  Eaglais  Shaor  agus  an 
Eaglais  Chleireach  Aonaichte  cha  'n  'eil  a' 
bheag  a  dh'  adhartas  no  dhol  air  ais  anns 
a'  chilis.  A  thaobh  na  h-Eaglaise  Saoire 
tha  'n  Earrann  a  tha  an  aghaidh  an  Aon- 
aidh a'  riinachadh  seasamh  do-gheilleachd- 
uinn  'n  a  aghaidh,  'nuair  a  tha  an  Earrann 
eile  a'  cur  rompa  gu  'n  lean  iad  an  gnoth- 
uch  a  mach.  Tha  sinn  a'  tuigsinn  gu  'm 
bheil  larrtuis  (Petitions')  o  iomadh  seòrsa 
a'dol  gus  an  Ard-Sheanadh  air  son  iad  a  stad 
tamulJ  a  chum  sith  aiseag  do'n  Eaglais  air 
fad.  Tha  mnathan  uaisle  feadh  na  diith- 
cha  a'  deanamh  suas  lantais  iad  fein  ag 
asluchadh  an  h-Ard-Sheanaidh  stad  a  chur 
air  an  eas-aonadh,  a'  bhriseadh,  agus  an 
naimhdeas  a  tha  a'  freumhachadh  'n  an 
measg  fcin,  le  cosg  a  chur  air  na  h-oidhirp- 
ibh  a  tha  air  an  cleachdadh  a  chum  Aonadh 
a  thoirt  mu  'n  cuairt.  Tha  diiil  mhòr 
aig  sluagh  Albainn  ris  na  h-Ard-Shean- 
aidhean  a  tha  'cruinneachadh  's  na  làith- 
ibh  so.  Bidh  sinn  comasach  air  ciod  a  ni 
iad  innseadh  anns  an  ath  aireamh.  Tha 
anns  an  Eaglais  Sti'idhichte  mar  an  ceudna 
gluasad  timchioll  a'  Pliatronage.  Tha  a' 
chuid  a 's  mu  's  an  Eaglais  a  nis  air  son  a 
chur  as,  no  mar  is  ceartaiche  a  radh  tagh- 
adh  a'  mhinisteir  a  chur  ann  an  làmhaibh 
cinn  nan  teaghlach.  no  dh'  f  haoidte  ann  an 
L'lmhaibh  nam  firionnach  ann  an  coimh- 
thional  a  bhitheas  'n  an  luchd-comunnach. 
aidh.  Tha  Diiic  Earra-ghaidheil  a'  gcall- 
tuinn  Bill  a  thoirt  a  steach  do'n  Pharlamaid 
mu'n  ni ;  tha  mòran  de  dhaoinibh  urramach 
eile  air  son  na  Patronage  a  tha  iad  a'  meas 
'n  a  cuing  air  Eaglais  na  h-AIba  a  chur  as, 
ann  an  tomhas  co  dhii'i.  Tha  cuid  de  tia 
h-Eaglaisibh  Cleireach  eile  an  Albainn  a 
tha  a'  togail  an  guth,  air  dhoibh  so  a  thuig- 
sinn,  an  aghaidh  ath-shuidheachadh  's  am 
bith  a  bhi  air  a  dheanamh  air  an  Eaglais 


86 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


Dara  Mios  an  t-Samhraidh,  1872 


Steidhichte,  gun  an  cead-san  a  bhi  air  a 
ghabbail.  'S  e  an  rùn-san,  a  ruir  coslais, 
gu'm  biodh  Eaglais  Cbleireach  na  h-Alba 
air  a  di-stcidheachadh,  agus  a  deanamh 
co-ionnan  riii  fcin.  'S  e  ar  dleasannas 
ceuman  de'u  t-seùrsa  so  a  thoirt  fa  cboinh- 
air  av  luchd-leughaidh,  'nuiiira  db'fbanas 
sinn  o  bhreitb  's  am  bith  a  thoirt  anns  na 
cuisibh. 

Thàinig  crith-thalmhainn  mhòr  air  an 
treas  la  de  'n  Ghiblean  rathad  baile  mòr 
Antioch  's  an  àird-an-ear.  Tha  e  air  aith- 
ris  gu  'n  deachaidh  barrachd  air  an  treas 
cuid  de'n  bhaile  a  sgrios.  Tha  eachdraidh 
ag  innseadh  dhuinn  gu  'n  do  sgriosadh  da 
cheud  mile  pearsa  'sa'  bhaile  so  le  crith-thal- 
mhainu  ri  linn  an  Impire  Trajan  a  fhuair 
•ach  gann  as.  'S  e  sgeul  ro  thiamhaidh  a 
tha  'n  a  leithid  so  a  chluinntinn — daoine 
air  an  slugadh  suas  a  chridhe  na  talmhainn 
ann  am  priobadh  na  siiil.  'N  uair  a 
thiiinig  an  te  mu  dlieireadh  so  thachair 
gu'm  b' e  Am-trasgaidh  nan  Greugach 
(Lent)  a  bh'anu;  agus  ann  an  aon  àite  far  an 
robhcoiinhthionaldhiubhagaoradh,  muthri 
cheud  pearsa,  dh'adhlaiceadh  sios  a  dh'aon 
bheum  iad.  Ann  an  àite  eile  chaidh  tigh- 
sgoil  le  leth  cheud  cloinne  a  shlugadh  suas. 
Bha  troimh-eheile  uamhasach  feadh  a' 
bhaile  timchioU  air  na  mairbb.  Agus 
bha  a'  mhi-riaghailt  ud  air  a  meudachadh 
troimh  chleachduinnibh  buidhne  ris  an 
abrar  Dusari,  feadhainn  a  tha  'deanamh 
aoraidh  do  Bhaal  agus  do  Astarot.  Bha 
buaidh  mhilleidh  gbràineil  aig  a'  ghrein  air 
na  h-uiread  de  chuirp  mharbh,  'n  uair  a 
bha  na  Oriosdaidhean  agus  na  Mahomatan- 
aich  a'  stri  co  a  gheibheadh  cothrom  air  an 
cuid  f  uin  adhlacadh  guh-iomchuidh.  Bha  na 
Mtibomatanaich  air  son  nan  Oriosdaidhean 
adhlacadh  cho  luath  's  a  ghabhadh  iad  gun 
choinneal  no  ni  de'n  t-seòrsa,  iad  a'  smuain- 
eachadh  gur  h-ann  troimh  na  Criosdaidhibh 
a  thàinig  na  brtitheanais  orra. 

Tha  beinn  Bhesubhiuis  làimh  ri  Naples 
a'  brùchdadh  a  raach  teine  ghoilteich  ni 's 
mo  na  b'àbhuist  di.  Chaill  mòran  timchioU 
am  beatha  troimh  na  sruthaibh  loisgeach  a 
thàinig  orra.  Tlia  cuid  a'  deanamh  a  mach 
mur  bitheadh  na  tuill  loisgeach  so  feadh  an 
t-_saoghail  gu'm  bitheadh  crith-thalmhainn 
■ni  bu  mhilteiclie  na  tha  i.  Tha  na  reangan 
a  tha  a'  sgàineadh  fo  thalamh  a'  cur  a 
mach  am  briichd  troimh  na  tuill  ud.  Tha 
e  soilleir  gu  'n  robh  critheannan  a  boan- 
tuinn  ris  na  h-Eileanaibh  Bi-eatannach  fada 
roimhe  bo;  agus  'scoir  dhuinn  a  bhi  taingeil 


gu'm  bheil  sinn  cho  saor  'sua  h-amaibh  so, 
'nuair  a  tha  sinn  a'  faicinn  gu'm  bheil  sinn 
ann  an  sreath  direach  eadar  Etna  ann  an 
Iceland  agus  Bhesubhius. 


ORAN. 

Le  fear  araid  air  dha  a  leannan   fhaicinn 
a'  falbh   còmhlath  ri  Niall  MacLeòid. 
AirFonn  :  "Hoireann  o  gur  mi  "tha  iursach.^' 
Co-Sheirm. 
Hoireann  ò  gur  mi  'tha  tiirsach, 
Thriall  mo  mhànran,  dh'  f  hag  mo  lùth  mi, 
Cha  'n  'eil  cail  agam  gu  siigradh 
Shiubhail  Niall  le  rim  mo  cheile. 
0 !  gur  mise  'bha  gu  brùnach 
'Doi  bho  'n  Eaglais  air  di-dòmhnaich — 
Sail  'g  an  d'  thug  mi  air  an  Leòdach 
Bha  e  'falbh  gu  seòlt'  le  m'  eudail. 
Hoireann  ò,  &c. 
Chaidh  e  suas  leath'  thun  an  eilein* 
'S  an  trie  am  bi  'n  òige  'beadradh, — 
Far  an  cluiun  iad  na  h-eòin  blieaga 
Le  'n  cuid  cheileiribh  cho  gleusda. 
Hoireann  ò,  «S:c. 
'S  gile  bian  na  ribhinn  oirdheirc 
Na  sneachda  air  slios  nam  mòr-bheann, 
Oh  gur  binne  'guth  ag  oran' 

Na  smeòrach  air  bhàrr  nan  geugan. 
Hoireann  ò,  &c. 
Och  gur  mise  'th'  air  mo  bhuaireadh! 
Leis  a'  ghaol  'thug  mi  do  'n  ghruagaich, 
A's  i  nise  'gabhail  fuath  dhomb 
Ged  is  luath  a  thug  mi  speis  di. 
Hoireann  ò,  &c. 
Shamhlaich  mise  gaol  nan  òighean 
Ris  a'  cheò  air  feadh  nam  mòr-bheann — 
'N  uair  a  ghluaiseas  gaoth  o  neòil  e — 
Eiridh  e  mar  sglcò  's  na  speuraibh. 
Hoireann  o,  &;c. 
Och  clia  'n  ioghnadh  mar  a  ta  mi — 
Bhi  Ian  airtneil  air  bheag  mànrain — 
Cridhe  ciiiirrte,  briiite,  sàighte 
Lc  saighdibh  gràidli  o  Bhenus. 
Hoireann  ò,  &c. 


*  'S  e  'n  t-eilean  a  th'  air  a  chiallachadh  an  so,  aon  de 
na  h-eileanaibh  a  tha  'a  an  abhainn  am  bràigh'  Inbher- 
neis  Tha  gach  aon  diubh  so  cùmhdaichte  le  iomadh 
seòrsa  chraobh  is  lus :  maille  ri  sin,  tha  fuaim  na  h-aibhne 
a  ghnàth  'an  cluasaibh  an  f  hir-thurais,  agus  coireal  gach 
eòin  a's  binne  guth  'san  caltainn  (na  thim  f  hein)  a'  cur 
an  coin  sgòimh  na  lanntaire  mu  'n  cuairt,  air  mhodh 
's  gu'n  do  theab  mi  ràdh  's  an  oran 

An  t-eilean,  fiarach,  biachar,  craobhach, 

'N  t-eilean  measach,  preasach,  fliirach. 

Far  an  cluinnte  'n  am  dhuinn  dtisgadh 

'Chubhag  le  gu-gtig  'a  a'  cheitean. 


Kara  Mìos  an  t-Samhraidh,  1872- 


AN  GAIDAEAL. 


sr 


Ach  na  'n  cluinneadh  fir  Chinn-tàile"" 

E  bhi  'falbli  nan  cnoc  le  Màiri, 

'Cheart  cho  cinnteacli  's  thig  am  bàs  oirnn, 

Chuireadh  iad  thar  sail'  a'  bbeisd  uainn! 
Hoireann  6,  &c. 
Ach  ged  dh'fhalbh  thu  air  di-dòmhnaich 
Leis  a'  bheisd  nacb  aoir  a'  cheòlraidh — 
'Eudail  ma  bhios  tu  deònach 

Cha  toir  Leòdach  bho  'na'  Cbleir  thu. 
Hoireann  ò,  &c. 

1871.  Alasdair. 


FAILTE  GAOIL. 

A  ghaoil!  o'n  chaidh  thu  astar  uam 

'S  trom  airtnealach  mo  smuain, 
Tha  m'  inntinn-sa  cho  sàraichte 

Ki  bat'  an  onfhadh  cuain, — 
A'  cuimhneacbadb  do  mhànrain  rium 

'Bha  tlàth  le  iomadli  buaidh, 
A  dh'  f  hag  a  nis  ro  chràiteach  mi 

'S  do  thiimhachd  fada  uam. 
Ach  's  cuimhne  leam-sa  m'  àilleagan 

Bhi  'tàmhachd  'n  so  air  chuairt, 
'Nuair  bha  an  samhradh  'dealradh  oirnn 

Le  ceòl,  le  blath's,  's  le  snuadh; 
Is  dubhar  chraobb  'cur  sgàile  oirnn 

O'n  t- Solus  Aigh  'na  chuairt, 
Far  'n  trie  a  rinn  sinn  gàirdeachas 

Le  inntinn  chàirdeil,  shuairc. 
0  Thi!  'tha  'riaghladh  fhreasdalan 

Dean  mar  is  maith  'n  ar  ciiis. — 
Do  thoil  ro  naomha  dh'iarradh  sinn, 

A  dh'  iocadh  dhuit-sa  cliii ; 
Is  deònaich  ann  ad  f  habhar  dhuinn 

Gu  'm  faigh  sinn  fàth  ar  ruin : — • 
Bhi  cuideachd  anns  an  fhasach  so 

An  gràdh  's  an  comunn  caorah. 
2nd  October,  1869. 

LiLIDH   NAN   ElLEAN. 


LEABHRAICAEAN  URA  GAILIG. 

Laoidhean  eadar-theangaichte 

o'n  Bheurla. 

Air    an    cur    a   mach   an   Glaschu    le  G 

Mac-na-Ceàrdadh,  62  Sràid  Earraghàidh. 

eil. 

'S  leòir  sealltuinn  ris  a'  clilàr-iunsidh 
air  son  cliii  choitchinn  an  Leabhair 
so  f haotainn  a  mach.     Tha  a'  chuid  as 


•Bho'n  earrainn  so  tuisidh  an  leughadair  gur  h-e  "Mac 
Choinnich  mòr  Chinn-tùile  "  is  ceanncinuidh  do  Slhàiri; 
agu3  nach  còrdadh  e  lis  an  Fhin  uasail  sin  an  ribhinn 
sheirceil  ud  f  haioinn  air  a  mealladli  ie  coigreach  mar 
bha  JS'iall. 


mo  de  na  Laoidhibh  air  an  eadar- 
theangachadh  le  "laoich  mhòr  ainmeil 
na  Gàihg,"  an  t-Olla  Urr.  T.  MacLeòid 
nach  maireann,  an  t-Olla  I.  MacLeòid 
's  a  Mharairne,  an  t-Urr.  G.  Clèireach 
an  Cille-mhàilli,  ainmean  a  tha  urras- 
ach  air  fiach  nan  Laoidhean.  Tha  iad 
air  an  cur  ri  chèile  air  son  a  bhi  air  an 
seinn  ('s  e  sin  dòchas  an  fhir-chruinn- 
eachaidh)  ann  an  aoradh  follaiseach 
maille  ri  bhi  feumail  ann  an  aoradh 
teaghlaich.  Tha  na  Gàidheil  cho 
leanallteach  air  cleachdaclh,  's  gu  sòn- 
ruichte  'nuair  a  tha  iad  'ga  mheas 
ceart,  's  gu  'm  bheil  eagal  oirnn  nach 
h-ann  air  son  an  fheum  ud  a's  mo  a 
dh'  iarradh  iad  sealbh  air  an  Leabhar. 
Gidheadh  tha  iad  gu  nàdurra  gràdhacli 
air  ceòl ;  agus  tha  sinn  cinnteach  gu  'm 
faigh  iad  ann  an  so  Laoidliean  tarbhach 
agus  beathail  air  an  eadar-theangach- 
adh  agus  air  an  sgriobhadh  gu  snasail. 
Tha  "Bho  bheanntan  reòta  Ghreen- 
land"  le  Mr.  MacPhaidein  f ior  mhaith, 
— ruithteach  agus  litireil.  Tha  sinn  a' 
deanamh  gnè  riaghailt  de  bin  a  cunnt- 
adh  nam  mearachdan  (ma  bhitheas  aon 
idir  ann)  a  gheibh  sinn  air  da  thaobh- 
duilleig  gach  Leabhair  ùir,  do  bhrigh 
'sgu'm  bheil  e  iomchuidh  dhuinn  a 
bhi  cho  feumail  'sa  tha  e  'nar  n-urrainn 
do  sgriobhadh  coimhlionta  na  Gàilig. 
Cha  'n  'eil  sinn  'g  ar  meas  feln  coimh- 
lionta ni  's  mo  na  mòran  eile.  'S  e  am 
modh  seasmhach  a  tha  sinn  a'  cur  f '  ar 
comhair,  am  modh  sgriobhaidh  a  tha 
air  a  chleachdadh  anns  na  Deasachaidh- 
ibh  a'  s  feàrr  de'u  Bhiobull,  agus  a  bha 
air  a  mheas  ceart  leis  na  h-Ollaibh 
Stiùbhart,  Smith,  isMacAoidh; — seadh, 
's  iad  sin  na  priomhbhunabhasa  coit- 
chionn  ris  an  do  gha  bh  iadsan.  A  thaobh 
nan  Laoidhean  so  tha  iad  air  an  sgriobh- 
adh guro-chothroraach;  'sairidli  amfear- 
cruinneachaidh  air  cliii.  Gidheadh  air 
an  ceud  thaobh-duilleig  a  bhàrr  air 
nithibh  teagmhach  eile  gheibh  sinn  am 
focal  "dhleasnais"  air  a  mhi-litireach- 
adh;  bu  choir,  a  rèir  guè  fuaim  na 
cainute,  da  n  a  bhi  ann.     A  ris  air  an 


88 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


Dara  Mios  an  t-Samhraidh, 


duilleig  mu  dheireadh  glieibli  sinn 
"amhuinn"  air  a  mlii-litireachadh ;  'se 
b  a  bu  cliòir  a  bhi  'n  aite  m  gu  bhi 
'deanamli  athaiTachaidh  eadar  i'iver 
agus  "àmhuimi,"  furnace.  'S  ann  air 
Son  sgriobbadli  iia  cànaine  a  bhi  coimh- 
lioiita  agus  aon-cbruthach  a  tha  sinn 
a'  toirt  nau  nithean  so  fainear. 

SEACHD  COIREACHAN  A  TA 
CUMANTA. 
<3EARAN,  DROCH-NADUR,    NEO-SHUIMEAL- 
EACHD,    rEIN-CHUISEACHD,    ANBHARR' 
lOMGAIN,  LEISG,  FEIN-THGIL. 

Lc  Seumas  Erasmus  Phillips,  M.A.  Eadar- 
tlieangaichte  gu  Gàilig  (le  cead  an 
ùghdair)  lc  Eobhan  Maccolla,  Pears' 
Eaglais  De  sglreaehd  Easluiig  Earra- 
gliàidheal,  'suan  Eilean,  'sa  fritheal- 
adh  a'n  Eaglais  a  Ghearasdain,  'an 
Loch  Aber.  Air  a  chur  a  macli  leis  a' 
Choniunn  Urramach  'an  Lunnuinn  a 
ta  air  son  Eolais  Chriosdail  a  nibcud- 
achadh. 

'S  c  leabhar  luachmhor  a  tha  an  so ; 
tha  a  luach  a'  co-sheasamh  gu  mòr  ann 
e  bhi  a'  beautuinn  ri  uilc  a  tha  cho 
sgriosail  's  cho  trie  am  measg  dhaoine. 
Bidh  daoine  a'stri  ris  na  coireannaibh  so 
a  chur  à  bith  le  teagasgaibh  feallsan- 
achd  agus  subliailc,  's  lèir  dhuinn  gur 
h-e  an  leigheas  a  tha  Mr.  Philhps  a 
moladh  an  t-aon  ni  èifeachdach  air  an 
son.  Tha  e  'g  an  toirt  f  ar  comhair, 
aon  an  deigli  aon,  ann  an  solus  teagaisg 
shoisgeulaich,  's  a  nochdadh  na  dòigh 
air  an  gabh  iad  a  bhi  air  an  caitheamh 
ds.  A  thaobh  an  eadar-theangachaidh 
tlia  a  chuid  so  de  'n  leabhar  air  a 
deananih  mar  nach  olc.  Tha  e  sim])lidh, 
nàdurra,  agus  so-thuigsinn.  'S  e  so 
fèin  a'  phriomhbhunablias  ri  'thoirt 
fainear  ann  an  eadar-theangachadh 
maille  ri  aire  blireithneachail  do  bhrigli 
an  iighdair.  Anns  a  chuid  so  rinn 
Mr.  Maccolla  a  ghniomh  gu  taitneach. 
Ach  tlia  sinn  'g  a  mheas  'n  a  dhleas- 
annas  iomradh  a  dheanamh  air  mear- 
achdaibh  sgriobhaidh  an  leabhair.  Tha 
uiread    a    dh'  f hoclaibh    air    an  mi- 


litireachadh,  anns  a'  chuid  a's  mo  tha 
sinn  a  creidsinn  le  fear  a  chlobhual- 
aidh,  gus  nach  biodh  e  'na  cheartas 
do  'n  iighdar  na  mearachdan  lionmhor 
a  tha  ann  aiumeachaidh. 
Tha  sinn  a'  toirt  nam  mirean  priseil  a 
leanas  as  an  leabhar : — 
"gearan." 
"Cha  bu  choir  gu'n  cluinnteadh  fuaim 
gearain  ann  an  teaghlach  chriosdail  air 
bith.  Cronaichibh  'urc  lann  air-a  slioa 
mata ; — aig  am  iomchuidh,  agus  'nuair 
'tha  cothrom  freagarrach  a  tighinn  's  an 
rathad — cronaichibh  'ur  cairdean  air  a 
shon ;  oir  ma  'tha  Gnàth'  f liacail  Shol- 
aimh  ag  radh:  'An  ti  a  chronaicheas 
duine,  na  dheigh  sin  gheibh  e  ni 's  mo 
do  dheagh-ghean  na  esan  a  ni  miodal 
le,  theangaidh.'" 

'"Tha  nadur-gearanach  fior-clironnil 
do'n  chaithe-beatha  dhiadhaidh..  Tha 
e  'cur  mòr-bhacadh  air  meudachadh 
grais.  Tha  e  toirt  oirnn  a  dhi-chuimhn- 
eachadh  gu  bheil  sinn  daonnan  fo 
chiiram  Freasdal  De.  Tha  gearan  'g  ar 
deanadli  mi-iomchuidhairsou  urnuigh." 

"Tha  fhios  agaibh  'gur  e  ar  Slàn- 
uighfhear  Beannaichte  'ur  n-Eisimpleir 
anns  an  ni  so  co  math  's  anns  gach  ni 
eile.  Dh'  fhuiling  Esan  ann  an  iomadh 
doigh,  'sann  an  caochladh  inbhe, — 
seadli  ged  bu  taireil,  sgainnealach  an 
gnathachadh  a  fhuair  E  bitheanda, — 
gidheadh  aon  uair  cha  d'  thai  nig  gearan 
0  bhilibh  losa  Criosd." 

''droch-nadur." 
"Tha  chuid  is  mo  againn  buailteach  d' 
on  dara  h-aon  de  'na  buairidhean  a  dh' 
ainmich  mi  (am  bheil  mi  'm  meai-achd 
sa  chuis  so?).  Tha  sinn  an  darna  cuid 
'toirt  gèill  do  dhroch  nadur  a  tha  bris- 
eadh  a  mach  a'm  feirg  gun  cliiall  gun 
riaghailt, — no  do  dhroch  nadur  a  tha 
'g  a  nochdadh  fein  ann  an  gruaimiche, 
coimheasachd,  agus  dùire." 

"LEISG." 

"Bhananaoimh  bho  shcan  ag  I'iridh 
gu  moch.  Tha  'n  sgriobtur  a  toirt 
dearbhaidh  gu  leor  gu'n  robh.  B'ann 
moch  'sa  mhaduinn  a  chunnaic  Abram 


Dara  M'los  au  t-Samliraidh,  1872. 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


89 


athair  nan  Creidich,  an  smuid  a  bha 
'g  èiridh  suas  gu  neamh  a  luaithre 
bailtean  a  chomlmaird.  B'ann  moch 
's  a  mliaduinn  a  dh'  f  halbli  e,  le  ordugh 
Dhe,  chum  gu  'n  iobradh  e  do  'n  Uile- 
chumhachdach  ionmhas  grhdhacli  a 
chridhe,  seadh  a  leanabh  Isaac.  B'  ann 
moch  'sa  mhaduinn  a  chur  lacob  suas 
an  carragh  cloiche  air  an  do  leag  e 
cheann  re  na  h-oidhche,  chum  gu  'm 
biodh  i  'na  cuimhneachan  taiugealais 
air  a  bheannachadh  's  air  na  sochairean 
a  gheall  Dia  dha.  *  *  Tha  e  air 
ainmeachadh  tri  uairean  gu  'n  robh 
loshua  a  neach  a  chuireadh  an  àite 
Mhaois,  ag  èiridh  gu  moch.  Bha 
leithid  do  ghradh  aig  lob  d'a  chloinn 
'a  gu  'n  robh  e  'gèiridh  moch  'sa  mhad 
uinn  a  thagradh  's  a  dh'  urnuigh  ri  Dia 
air  an  son.  Agus  cha  b'e  cleachdadh 
ainmic  a  bha'n  so.  Tha  e  air  innseadh 
dhuinn  gu 'n  d' rinn  "lob  mar  so  an 
comhnuidh." 

"Thasinna  leughadh  mu  aon  am 
aig   an   d'  eirich  ar  Slanuighear  fada 
roimh  latha.     *     *     'S  iad  ceud  uair- 
ean   au   latha   a's  fearr   's  a 's   ùrala. 
;   Cha  n-eil  coir  air  bhith  againn  an  cum- 
;   ail  bh'  Uaithe."      "Bha   e  riamh   'na 
I   chleachdadh  aig  Eaglais  Chriosd  a  bhi 
I   'toirt  misnich  agus  cothroim  d'a  cuid 
sluaigh    air    son    aoraidh    follaiseach 
maidne,  co  matii  ri  aoradh  diomhair  an 
t-seomair."     "Tha  e  daonnan  a  coimh- 
earlachadh  d'  a  cuid  sluaigh,  iiralachd 
an  latha  'thoirt  do  sheirbheis  aoraidh 
Dhd."     "Bu  choir  e  'bhi  'na  riaghailt 
againn,  dol  gu  aoradh  folluiseach,  an 
car  a's  luglia,  da  uair  air  La  'n  Tigh- 
earna;  acli  mur  urrain  sinn  dol  da  uair, 
deanamaid  roghainn  de  'n  mhaduinn." 
"Cha  n-eil  namhaid  a'smiosa  aig  an 
urnuigh  uaignich,  na'n  leisg;  agus  esan 
a  ta  'tighinn  le  cabhaig  do  thigh  Dhe, 
cia-mar  is  urrainn  e  dol  gu  suidhichte 
's  gu  socair  troimli  an  aidmheil  choit- 
chionn  sin  air  peacadh — ." 

LEABHRAICHEAN  a'    TIGHINN  A  MACII. — 

Tha  ni  a  bhitheas  nuadh  do  na  Gàidh- 
€ÌI — "  Almanaic  Ghàilig" — a'  tighinn  a 


mach  an  drasd,  air  a  deasachadh,  tba 
sinn  a'  tuigsinn,  leis  an  Urr.  U.  Ros, 
am  Baile-Bhòid.  ThaLeabhar  Urnuigh 
Charsueil,  a  bha  'n  a  ghnè  Easbuig  air 
Earraghàidheal  'sna  h-Eilemibh  aig 
am  an  Ath-leasachaidh,  'g  a  chur  an 
clò  as  ùr  fo  ullachadh  an  OUa  T.  Mac 
Lachlainn.  'S  e  so  an  ceud  leabhar 
Gàilig  a  chaidh  a  chur  an  clò  riamh. 
Tha  sinn  a'  tuigsinn  gur  h-ann  an 
Caisteal  Inbher- Aoraidh  a  tha  am  M.S. 
a's  aosda  de'n  Leabhar;  agus  gur  h-e 
ball  eàrnais  a' s  measaile  a  tha  aig  an 
Diùc.  A  bhàrr  air  eadar-theangachadh 
nan  Albannach  Urramach  tha  mar  an 
ceudna  eachdraidh  eaglais  na  h-Alba, 
's  an  aon  leabhar  leis  an  OUa  Mac 
Aoidh;  tha  an  leabhar  fiachail  so 
a  nis  acli  gann  criochnaichte.  Tha 
neach  sònruichte  ag  iomradh  mar  an 
ceudna  gu  'm  bheil  e  ri  Laoidhibh  agus 
.  riDànaibh  D.  Chamaroin  nach  mair- 
eann  a  bha  'n  a  mhaighstear  sgoile  an 
Uibhist  a  chur  a  mach.  Tha  "Cian- 
dhàin"  (Neniae)  le  N.  Mac  Neill  a  bha 
air  an  gealltuinn  o  cheann  fhada  gu 
bhi  mach  gun  dàil.  Air  dha  ath- 
smuaineachadh  riinaicli  an  t-tighdar  tri 
dàin  eile,  am  measg  am  bheil  a'  cheud 
Phàirt  de  Dhuan-Mòr  air  "Emanuel,"  a 
chur  a  mach  maille  ris  na  "Cian-dhàin." 
Tha  sinn  a'  tuigsinn  gu  'm  bheil 
"Beath-Eachdraidh  Chaluim-chille"  a 
thòisioh  air  tighinn  a  mach  anus  "A' 
Ghàidheal"  le  A.  Camaron  nach  mair- 
eann  air  a  cur  a  mach  air  dhòigh  eile 
an  Dunèideann. 


ORAID  GHAILIG. 
Air  a'  chuigeamh  la  de  'n  Mhàrt 
bha  Oraid  air  "Saobh-bharailibh  agus 
Sgeulachdaibh  na  Gaidhealtachd"  air 
a  liubliairt  ann  auGlaschu  leis  an  Urra- 
mach Baibeart  Blarach,  M.  A.,  minis- 
teir  Eaglais  Chaluim-chille.  Bha  an 
talla  Ian  do  luchd-èisdeachd  a  blia 
'nochdadh  gu  trie,  fhad  'sa  bha  Mr. 
Blarach  a'  labhairt,  cho  taitneach  's  a 
bha  e  dhoibh  a  bhi  'cluinntinn  iom- 


90 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


Dara  Mios  an  t-Samhraddh,  1872 


raidh  fhileanta  air  nithibh  a  b'e  tlachd 
agus  annsachd  an  oige.  Bha'n  t-Uasal 
coir  D.  Mac-a'-Mliaighsteir  's  a  chath- 
air.  Bhean  Mr.  Blàracli  aun  an  roimh- 
ràdh  geàrr,  acli  a  bha  farsuinn,  snas- 
bhriatlirach,  ris  na  h-atharracliaidhibh 
a  thàinig  air  a'  Ghàidhealtachd,  a' 
comharrachadh  a  niacli  nan  seadhan 
anns  an  robh  iad  feumail  agus  amis 
nach  robh.  Chaidh  e  'n  sin  air  agh- 
aidh  gu  labhairt  air  na  sgeulachdaibh 
a  bha  aon  uair  coitchionn  aig  cagailt 
nan  Gaidheal,  a  nochdadh  gu'm  faigh- 
teadh  annta  dòigh  ghleusda,  gheur- 
chuiseach  air  nithibh  f  haotainn  a  mach. 
Am  measg  mhòran  nithe  eile  labhair 
e  air  "Giseagaibh,"  ''Droch-chomhal- 
tas,"  "Drocli-shiiil,"  "Buidseachas," 
"Taibhsean,"  "UUaidhean,"  "Daoine 
fo  gheasaibh,"  "Da  shealladh,"  agus 
an  còrr.  Thug  Mr.  Blàrach  niìneach- 
adh  teagasgail  agus  feumail  uapa  sud 
fa  leth  a  thug  Ìuathghàir  trie  aoibh- 
neach  o'n  chruinneachadh  nihòr  Ghài- 
dheal  a  bha  'n  hUhair.  Chaidh  guth 
cridheil  tainge  a  thoirt  do'n  Oraidiche 
aig  an  deireadh,  agusair  do'n  nicheudna 
bhi  air  a  thoirt  do  Fhear-na-cathrach, 
a'  cliuideachd. 


BAS  UAISLEAN  GAIDHEALACH. 

'Sann  le  fior  bhròn  a  tha  sinn  a' 
deauanih  geàrr-iomraidh  ann  an  so  air 
b;is  nan  nasal  grinn',  an  t-Urramach  D. 
Mac-'IUeathain,  Gleannurchaidh ;  A. 
Mac  -  a  -  Phearsoin,  eadar  -  theangair 
LeabharnaBan-righ ;  Alasdair  Camaron, 
Sgriobhaiche  am  Port-righ,  agus  Uill- 
earn  Mac  Coinnicli,  an  Leabhar-reic- 
eadair.  llinn  ]\Ir.  Mac  Coinnich  raòran 
air  son  sgriobhaidhean  feumail,  luach- 
mhor  a  sgaoileadh  feadh  na  Gàidheal- 
tachd.  Chuir  e  a  niacli  "Turns  a 
Chriosduidh"  ann  an  clò  mòr  farsuinn 
le  dcilbh  òirdliearc  nach  fhacas  le 
leabliraichibh  Gàilig  riamli  roimhe.  A 
bharrachd  air  feadhainii  eile  tha  mar  an 
ceudua.  "Eachdraidh  I'laglais  na  h-Alba 
maille  ri  Eachdraidh  ^nau  Albanuach 


Urramach"  sgriobhta  leis  an  OUa  M. 
Mac  Aoidh,  air  a  cur  a  mach  leis. 
Tha  'n  obair  f  hiachail  so  a  nis  ach  beag 
criochnaichte.  Do  Ghàidheil  feadh 
taobh  tuath  Alba  tha  ainm  Mhr.  Cam- 
arain  glè  aithnichte.  Bha  e  re  tiine 
'n  a  sgriobhaiche  ann  an  Loch-na-Mad- 
adh  an  Uibhist;  agus  tha  cuimhne 
thaitneach  aig  na  thàinig  'n  a  rathad 
air  a  chaoimhueileachd.  Sgriobh  e 
"Eachdraidh  an  Eilein  Sgiathanaich." 
agus  "Beath-Eachdraidh  Chaluim- 
chille."  'S  ann  's  A  Ghaidheal  a 
thàinig  an  ceud  da  Chaibideil  de  'n 
Leabhar  mu  dheireadh  a  mach.  Cha 
robh  aim  an  Mr.  Camaron  ach  duine 
òg  'n  viair  a  dh'  f  halbh  e ;  tha  a  bhàs 
'n  a  cliall  mòr  do  sgriobhaidhibh  na 
Gàilig.  'S  mills  cuimhne  a  luchd- 
eòlais  air  Mr.  Mac-a-Phearsoin.  Bha 
e  'n  a  sgoilear  Gailig  ro-aithnichte — 
cho  aithnichte  's  gu  'n  do  mholadh  e 
do  'n  Bhan-righ  mar  eadar-theangair 
ro  fhreagarrach  air  son  a  leabhair  fèin 
a  bha  i  iarrtasach  a  chur  an  Gailig. 
'S  e  'n  ceathramh  neach  mu  'm  bheil 
againn  ri  facal  a  radh,  am  fior  bhàrd 
agus  am  fior  Chriosdaidh  Mr.  Mac- 
'IUeathain.  Dh'  fhalbh  esan,  niòr  ann 
an  làithibh  agus  ann  am  nieas,  a' 
giidan  sguaban  troma.  Bha  e  'n  a 
shearmonaiche  tarbhach.  Bidli  iom- 
radh  ann  an  àireamh  ri  teachd  air  a 
dheanamh  air  a  bhardachd.  Bha  na 
h-uasail  gliasda  so  uile,  air  falbli  o 
cheann  ghoirid  as  ar  measg,  gach  neach 
fa  leth,  'na  fhior  Charaid  do  na  Gàidli- 
eil  's  d'  an  canain.  Gu  ma  fada  dcagh 
chuimhne  air  an  ainmibh ! 


CownAiRi.E    an   tseanduine   d'a  mhac  air 
dha  bhi  'dol  a  dh'  iarraidh  muatha: — 

Scachain — 
Tc>  uallach  nam  fliinean, 
Tc  cnap  air  muineal, 
Glog  air  sitig, 
Pi()i)aire  na  totach,  ach, 
To  bheag;  odhar  i 

An  dorus  a  sabhail  fòin, 
Na  sir  's  na  seachain. 


I 


I  Leabh.] 


TREAS  MIOS  AN  T-SAMHRAIDH,  1872. 


[5  Air. 


MU  NA  SEANN  GHAIDHEIL. 


Mu  thoiseach  na  seachdamh  linne  blia 
ceithir  fineachan  a  chòmhnuidh  aa 
taobh  tuath  Bhreatainn :  b'  iad  sin  na 
Ficti,  na  Scoti  na  Breatannaich  agus  na 
h-Anglaich  no  na  Goill.  B'iad  na 
Picti,  'bu  lionmhoire  agus  'bu  treise  dhe 
na  fineachaibh  so.  Bha  ceann  tuath  na 
h-Alba  gu  h-iomlan  aca tuath  airCluaidh 
agns  caolas  na  Friu  ach  a  mbàin  Earr- 
aghàidheal  a  bha  aig  na  Scoti.  Bha  na 
Scoti  an  seilbh  air  Earraghàidheal  agus 
He  maille  ri  pairt  de'n  Eilean  Mhuileach 
agus  Eileanaibh  beaga  eile. — Bha  na 
Breatannaich  an  Strath-Chluaidh  agus 
an  Dun-Breatann  agus  an  ceann  an  iar- 
dheasna  h-Alba. — Agus  bha  na  h-Aììg- 
laich  anns  an  tir  gu  deas  air  caolas  na 
Friu  ris  an  abairteadh  Braighnich 
(Bernicia)  leis  na  seann  Bhreatannaich, 
dùthaich  a  tha  nis  'deanamh  suas 
siorramachdan  Haddinqtoin,  Dhun- 
Eidinn  agus  Linn-Liobhainn,  ris  an 
abrar  gu  coilchionn  na  tri  Lothianan 
maille  ri  Bericick  agus  Roxburgh, 
fearann  a  choisiiin  iad  leis  a'  chlaidh- 
eamh  o  na  Picti  mn  'n  bhliadhna  a.d. 
547  'n  uair  a  thàiuig  "Ida  nam  bratach 
teine"  le  'chuid  Ghall  do  thaobh  Deas 
na  h-Alba.  B'  e  so  cend  theachd  nan 
Gall,  no  nan  coigreach  o  Lochlainn  agus 
o'n  Ghearmailt  gu  tuineachas  a  ghabhail 
anns  an  dùthaich.  Tha  sliochd  nan 
Gall  so  a'  chòmhnuidh  anns  an  tlr  ud 
gus  an  la  an  diugh.  Is  ann  a  N'orth- 
umherland  an  Sasunn  a  thàinig  iad  a 
stigh  do  thaobh  Deas  na  h-Alba. 
B'  àbhaist  cogadh  a  bhi  aig  na  Gaiil 
Anglach  so  ris  na  Pictich  niu  thimchioll 
an  fhearainn,  agus  bha  aca  chath  fuil- 


teach  aca  air  20mh  la  de'n  Mhàigh,  a.d. 
686,  aig  Linne  Gharhhain  ann  an 
Siorramachd  Aonghais,  anns  an  do 
choisinn  na  Gaidheil  Phioteach  a'  bhuaidh 
agus  an  do  mharbhadh  Eg/rid  mac 
Oswy  righ  nan  Gall  Sasiinnach  maille 
ris  a'  chuid  dhe  'armailt.  B'  e  Bruidhe 
a  bha  'n  a  righ  air  na  Picti  aig  an  am 
sin,  agus  bha  uachdaranachd  aige  thairis 
air  Eileanaibh  Arcaimli.  Mu  thimchioll 
da  fhichead  bliadhna  an  deigh  sin  a.d. 
729,  thàinig  Aonghas  Mac  Fhearghais 
gu  bhi  'na  righ  'bu  mho  agus  'bu 
chumhachdaiche  a  bha  am  measg  nan 
seann  righrean  Gàidhealach.  Cheann- 
saich  e  gach  aon  de  na  Cinn-fheadhna 
ris  an  abairteadh  righrean  beaga  's  au 
am  sin,  agus  thug  e  iad  fo  gheill  da 
fein  mar  an  "t-Ard-righ"  ni's  mo  na 
b'  àbhuist  doibh  a  bhi  roimhe  sin.  Mu'u 
bhliadhna  733  chaidh  e  a  chogadh  ris 
na  Scoti  an  Earraghàidheal,  cheannsaich 
e  dùthaich  Latharna  agus  Chapadail, 
agus  thug  e  na  Scoti  fo  chis  do  fein, 
.agus  chur  e  aon  de  a  theaghlach  fein 
d'am  b'ainm  Aodhan  'na  righ  os  ceann 
na  tire  sin.  Theirear  "Righ  Albainn" 
ri  Aonghas  leis  na  seanachaidhibh  Eir- 
ionnach,  agus  gun  teagamh  b'  esan  'bu 
treise  agus  'bu  chumhachdaiche  de  na 
seann  righribh  agus  is  e  a  leag  steidh 
na  Rioghachd  Albannaich  mar  a  dh'fhàs 
i  suas  ann  an  linnibh  an  deigh  sin.  Thog 
e  Eaglais  ann  an  Cillrimhin  agus  mar 
an  ceudna  an  àitibh  eile,  agus  chuir  e  an 
rioghachd  aige  fein  fo  chùram  Naomh 
Aindreis  agus  mar  onoir  do  'n  Naomh  so 
chuir  e  air  leth  moran  de  mhaoin  aimsir- 
eil  mar  bheathachadh  do  na  h-Eaglais- 
ibh  a  thog  e. 

Mu  'n    bhliadhna    794    thòisich    na 
Lochlannaich  o  thuath  air  taomadh  a 


108 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


TrewMios  an  t-Samhr^dh,  1872 


stigh  air  Eileanaibh  na  Gàidhealtachd, 
agus  loisg  iad  I-Chalaim-chille,  agus 
mharbh  iad  tri  fichead  agus  ochd  man- 
ach  no  pears'-Baglais  ami  an  I-Chaluini- 
chille.  Thac'hair  an  gniomh  oillteil  so 
anns  a'  bliliadlina  800,  agus  air  an 
aobbar  sin  cliuir  Cusantin  Rigli  nam 
Picteach  snas  Eaglais  mhòr  ann  an 
Duu-Chailein  mar  Phrlomh  Eaglais  na 
Rioghachd.  B'  e  Cusantin  so  ogha 
Aongbais  Mine  Phearghais  rigb  nam 
Picti,  agus  tliug  e  moran  fearainn  do 
Eaglais  Dbun-Cliailein.  B'  e  so  an  rigb 
ris  an  abradb  am  bard  anns  an  Duan 
Albannacb  "An  Curai  calma  Cusantin." 
Fhuair  e  bàs  mu  thimcbioll  na  bliadhna 
820  agus  rioghaicb  Aongbas  a  bbràtbair 
'n  a  àit',  oir  b'e  an  seann  lagb  Albann- 
aca  gun  tigeadb  am  bràtbair  an  àite 
bràtbar.  An  deigb  sin  tbàinig  a  uibac 
fein  agus  mac  a  bhratbar  gu  bbi'nan 
righribh,  agus  'u  uair  a  mharbh  na 
Lochlannalch  mac  a  bhratbar  fhuair 
mic  Bhargoid,  a  phiuthav,  an  rioghachd, 
fear  an  deigh  fir.  B'  e  ainm  a'  cheud 
aoin  Fearchar  agus  ainm  an  fhir  eile 
Bride  na  Bruidhe.  'Nan  deigh-san  do 
bhrigh  gu'n  do  theirig  nah-oighreachan 
firionnach  air  na  seann  Righribh  Pict- 
each fhuair  Coinneach  Mac  Ailpein  righ 
nan  Scoti  an  Earragbàidheal  an  riogh- 
achd a  chionn  gu  'm  b'  esan  an  t-oighre 
dligheach. 

{Ei  leaniuinn.)         D.  B.  B, 


OISBIN:  A  LINN  AGUS  A 
BHARDACHD. 

(air  lkantuinn.) 
Tha  ioghnadh  mòr  air  ioniadh  neach 
gu  'in  blioil  bcusau  cho  niàlda,  stuama 
ann  an  dàin  Oisein,  agus  gun  iomradh 
uir  bith  aiinta  air  an  Dia  'tha  uile- 
chumhachdach.  Bithidh  e  furasda  an 
ni  dragliail  so  a  roiteacliadh  le  bhi  a' 
cuimhneachadh  gu 'n  robh  na  Gàidlieil 
re  iomadh  bliadhna  agus  ginealach  air 
an  teagasg  leis  na  Druidhibh  subhailc, 
gearanuidh.  Clia'nedaoine  cealgach, 
saobh-cbràbhach    a    bha    annta    mar 


chunnaic  sinn  cheana.  B'  ann  doibh- 
san  a  thigeadh  e  luadh  a  dheanamh  air 
nithean  naomha.  B'  e  so  dreuchd  is 
dleasdanas  nan  Druidheau.  Is  ann 
eadardhealaichte  gu  raòr  bho  so  a  bha 
seirbheis  nam  filidhean  ceolmhor,  mor 
ghaisge  nan  triath,  is  euchdan  eireachd- 
ail  nan  daoine  meamnach  a  db'  eug  'sa 
choisinn  dachaidh  nam  fiath,  a  sheinn 
ann  an  rannan  foiinmhor,  ceileireach  a 
chum  treubhantas  eiridiun  ann  an  anam 
gach  laoich,  agus  brosnuchadh  a  thoirt 
seachad  ann  an  garbh-chunnart  nan 
sleagh ;  b'e  so  gairm  is  dreuchd  nan  Bard. 
Tha  Oisein,  ma  ta,  a'  coimhlionadh  gu 
fior  àbhaist  nam  filidhean  Gàidhealach 
'n  uair  tha  e  a'  seachiiadh  gach  smuain 
chràbhaicb,  ged  b'  e  so  fiamli  a  bu 
dealraiche  agus  sgeadachadh  a  b'  àille 
snuadh  a  b'  urrainn  do  smuaintean  àrda 
's  do  dhàin  rahòrail  a  chaitheamh. 

Ach  is  i  a'  cheist  a's  mo  a  thog  de 
bhruailleau  ann  an  iiiiitinnean  nan  Sas- 
unnach  's  nan  Gall,  "Cionnus  a  thàinig 
dàin  cho  lìonmhor  agus  cho  fada  ri  dàin 
Oisein  a  nuas  troimh  cheò  is  troimh 
dhorchadas  nan  linntean?"  Ged  dh'  aid- 
icheamaid  gu'n  do  rioghaich  Fionnghal 
an  talla  nan  sonn,  agus  gu'n  grad-eireadh 
na  laoich  mu'n  cuairt,  'ii  uair  a  ghlac- 
adh  e  sgiath  cbaomhail  'n  a  làimh  's  a 
chluinnteadh  sgreadh  na  màiUe  cruaidhe, 
cionnus  a  b'  urrainn  do  dhàin  nan  treua 
snamh  gu  tcaruinte  thairis  air  ceo  is 
dorchadas  nam  bliadhnachan  Hatha? 
Tha  rabran  gun  teagamh  a'  crochadh 
air  a'  cheist  so.  Chunnaic  sinn  cheana 
gu  h-aitbghearr  cia  mar  a  d'  eirich  deal- 
achadh  am  measg  nan  Gàidheal,  agus  a 
bha  gach  claim  a'  leaiituinn  's  a'  toirt 
ùmhlachd  do 'n  ceannard  no'n  ceann- 
feadhna  fein,  oir  bha  iad  uile  a  giùlan 
an  aon  sloinnidh. 

Cha  d'  fliàs  gnth  nam  Bard  tosdach 
an  dcigh  do  Oisein  imcachd  gu  talla  nan 
niall.  Bha  aig  gach  clann  Bard  doibh 
fein.  Is  ann  bho  ghaisgich  na  Foinue 
'bha  iad  uile  deònach  a  bhi  'tarrniug  an 
slnnsearachd.  ]}u  mhòr  am  meas  a  bha 
iad  a'  cur  air  brain  na  Fcinne,  agus  bha 


Treas  Mìos  au  t-Samhraidh,  1872. 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


109 


na  Baird  min-eòlach  air  dàiii  Oisein, 
Cha  robh  ni  cho  comasach  air  snnnd  is 
aighear  is  greadhnachas  a  dhùsgadh  ri 
caismeachd  nan  treun-Iaoch  ann  an  am 
spealtadh  nan  donn-sgiath.  Bhitheadh 
na  Baird  ann  am  meas  mor  mar  so,  agus 
bhitheadh  iad  dealasach  ann  an  òrain 
na  Feione  ionnsachadh  gu  poncail. 
Bha  am  mac  a'  leantninn  an  athar  anns 
an  dreuchd  so.  Ach  feudaidh  neach 
feòraich,  "Ciamar  a  b'  urrainn  do  innt- 
inn  neach  air  bith  cuimhne  a  ghleidheadh 
go  cinnteach  neo-mhearachdach  air 
dain  CO  fadaf"  Anns  an  latha  anns  am 
bheil  sinne  beo,  tha  e  da  rlreadh  duilich 
duinn  breth  chothromach  a  thoirt  air 
comas  na  h-inntinn  'n  uair  a  tha  e  air  a 
char  ga  dùbhlan  air  a'mhodh  so.  Feum- 
aidh  sinn  co  dhiu,  aideachadh  gu  'm  fas 
a'  chnimhne  ui  's  feàrr  is  ni 's  treise  le 
cleachdainu.  Bha  na  Baird  o  thus  an 
làithean  a'  saoithreachadh  ann  an  rannan 
nan  sean-laoch  ionnsachadh.  B'  e  so  a 
b'  obair  doibh,  agns  cha  'n  iongantach 
ged  bhitheadh  iad  fileanta  ann  an  rannan 
nan  sean-laoch  a  sheinn.  Cha  do 
thionail  fòs,  dorchadas  co  neulach, 
doilleir  air  Albainn  's  a  chòmhdaich 
rìoghachdan  eile  rè  ùine  co  fada.  Cal- 
um-cill  cràbhach  agas  manaich  lona — 
cha  d'  rinn  iadsan  tàir  no  dimeas  air 
dain  Oisein.  Chum  iad  lòchran  iùil  is 
soluis,  is  eòlas  a  loisgeadh  agus  a  sgaoil- 
«adh  gathannan  greadhnach  ann  an 
dùthchannan  elle.  Cha'n'eil  an  smuain 
gun  bhunchar  gu  'n  do  sgriobh  iad  sios 
na  dain  a  bha  air  an  seinn  le  mòran, 
agus  gu  'n  do  chuidich  iad  no  sgeòil  a 
dh'  aithris  Oisein  o  am  o  ao'is  aiseag  a 
nuas  thar  stuadhan  ciar-ghlas  nan  linn- 
tean.  Thàinig,  mar  so,  làithean  a 
ohaidh  thairis  a  nuas,  's  chaidh  cuimhne 
a  chur  air  am  nan  triath,  nan  seod,  nam 
flath  is  threun  ghasda  nan  gniomh.  Ann 
an  oidheachan  fada  a  gheamhraidh,  am 
feadh  a  bha  teine  aoidheil  a'  deanamh 
teach  nan  Gàidheal  sunndach  is  aireamh 
mhor  mu  thimchioll,  is  iad  dain  Oisein 
is  moladh  na  Fèinne  a  bu  chulaidh 
shùgraidh    do  'n    chuideachd    bhlàth- 


chridheach  a  bha  an  làthair.  Cha  robh 
teagamh  air  bith  acasan  mu  dheibhinn 
Oisein  is  na  Feinne. 

An  deigh  dhuinn  na  h-uiread  a  ràdh 
mu  dheibhinn  Oisein  fear-iùil  nan  ceud 
agus  fear-togail  cliù  mu  mhac  nan  trean, 
tha  sinn  uUamh  gu  ni  no  dha  a  chur  an 
ceill  mu  thimchioll  Sheumais  Ic-a'- 
Phearsaian,  a  dh'  eadartheangaich  bàrd- 
achd  na  Feinne.  agus  a  shaor  i  gu  bràth 
bho  sgleò  na  di-chuimhne  'bha  teàrnadh 
thairis  oirre.  Ged  a  b'eiginn  da  sgiath 
bhallach  iomchar  agus  comhraga  bheum- 
adh  an  aghaidh  cruth  Loduinn  nan  gorm 
lann,  cha  bhitheadh  a  chàs  agus  a 
shuidheachadh  mòran  ni  bu  chruadal- 
aiche  na  bha  e,  'n  uair  a  dh'  èixùch 
feachd  'na  aghaidh  a'  cur  nithean 
uamhasach  as  a  leth.  Is  e  Mac  Fhear- 
ghuis  a  bha  rithist  'n  a  fhear-teagaisg 
i  ann  an  oil-thigh  Dhùneidinn,  a  dh'  innis 
\  do  Honie  's  iad  'nan  oileanaich  le  chèile, 
!  gu  'n  robh  air  feadh  na  Gàidhealtachd 
!  bàrdachd  mheasail,  dhreachmhor  a 
thainig  a  nuas  o  aois  a  dh'  aom.  Bha 
Mac-a'-Phearsainn  'n  a  oide-foghloim 
ann  an  teaghlach  duine  uasail  d'  am 
b'  ainm  Grahame  faisg  air  Dùneidinn. 
Thachair  gu  'n  d'  thainig  Home  an 
rathad.  Bha  seanachas  aige  ri  Mac-a'- 
Phearsainn,  agus  thug  e  air  cuid  de 
dhàin  Oisein  eadartheangachadh  dha. 
Chunnaic  Home  air  ball  àilleachd  is 
cireachdas  nan  dan,  agus  nochd  e  iad  do 
dhaoinibh  foghluimte  ann  an  Duneidinn, 
Mhosgail  cridhe  caoimhneil,  faoiUdh  an 
Ollaimh  Bhlàirich  le  ioghnadh,  agus 
ghabh  e  Mac-a'-Pheavsainn  air  làimh. 
Cho-èignich  iad  an  Gàidheal  bochd  gu 
cuairt  a  ghabhail  air  feadh  eileauan  is 
tir  mor  Albainn,  cham  'sgu'n  cruinn- 
ieheadh  e  na  dain  a  b' urrainn  e  a  thrus- 
adh.  Bhuin  iad  gu  càirdeil  fial  ri  Mac- 
a'-Phearsainn;  agus  shoirbhich  leis  gu 
maith  'na  thurus.  Thruis  e  moran  dhan 
air  a  shlighe.  Fhuair  e  cuid  mar  an 
cendna  sgriobhta,  agus  sgriobh  e  fein 
no  iadsan  a  bha  maille  ris,  moran  eile 
bho  aithris  nan  Gàidheal  blàth-chridh- 
each    d'am   bu   tlachdmhor    dain   nau 


110 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


it-Samhraidb,187^ 


gaisg;each   a   sheinn.     Le  deifir  mhoir  tlieangaich  e  na  dàin  a  fbuair  e,  bho 


agus  chliùiteich  dh' eadartlieangaich  e"n 

t-ionmhas   mòr    dliàn    a   chruinnich    e. 

Buiuiilh  gii  dlighcach  do  gach  Gàidlieal 

teo-cliridlieacb  aig  am  bheil  meas  is  suiin 

do  f  liocail  blilàtha  nam  Bard  a  cliaidli  a 

labhairt  ri  gaisgich  gun  luheang  agus  a 

dhùisgeadh    le  'm   foun    am  blàr,   ainm 

Sheumais  Mhic-a'-Phearsainu  a  ghleidh- 

cadh  air  chuimhne  le  spois  is  mòr-urram. 

Chaidli  Alac-a'-Phearsaiun  fa  dheoidh  a 

Lunnuiun,  chum  gu'n  cuireadli  e  obair 

a  Bhàird  Ghàidhealaicli  anu  an  uidbeam, 

agus  gu  'u  clò-bliualadh  e  i,  air  dha  a 

h-eadartbeangachadli  a  db'ionnsuidh  na 

Beurla.     Am  feadb  a  bba  e  dlcbiollacb 

anus  a'  gbniorah  so,  dh'  eirich  comhstri 

dhian  niu  dheibhinn  Oisein.      Dh'  fhàg 

Mac-a'-Phearsaiuu  ua  dàin  a  db'  eadar- 

theangaicb  e  'n  am  priomh  staid,  mar 

thionail  e  feia  iad  anns  a'  GhàidheaU 

tachd,  a  chum  cotbrom  a  tboirt  do  gach 

neacb  leis  am  b'  àill,  a'  cbuis  a  rana- 

sacbadh  air  a  shon  fein.     Tbaom  stoirm 

ghuineach  mu  'cbeanu.     Chuir  iad  as  a 

letb  gu'm  b'e  fein  a  b'  ùgbdair  do  ua 

dàin  a  bba  e  'g  ainmeachadh  air  Oisein. 

Bhitlieadb  e  'n  a  ni  anabarracb  iongan- 

tacb  gu'n  racbadh  Bard  air  bitb  a  shir- 

eadb  ainm  am  measg  nan  Gàidbeal  a  bba 

cbeana  cian  'n  an    ciar   tballa   fein,    an 

tratb  a  bba  iomadb  combarradh  agus 

dearbhadb  aige,  gu'n  coisneadb  e  cliù 

a  bu  mb()  le  bbi  'g  an  aideachadb  e  fein. 

Chaidli    buidbeann    a    ròghnachadh    a 

cbura   an  ni   so    fbuasgladh   le   bbi   a' 

deanamb  rannsacbaidh  am  measg  nan 

Gàidbeal    a    dh'  fbeucbaiun     an    robh 

aithne  aca  air  Oisein  's  air  an  Fbcinn. 

Bba  na  daoine  lionmhor  a  bba  mineòlacb 

air  conibtbioual  nan  sgeul  a  bba  ann, 

agus  air  mòr  gbaisgeFbionngbailjOscair, 

agus     Gbuill   an   garbh-mbeaghar     a' 

cliruaidli  cbòmbraig,   nach  cuala  riarab 

iomradh  air  Mac-a'-Pbearsainn  no  air  a 

lucbd-tuailein.     Ma  bba  Mac-a'-Pbear- 

-ainn  calma,  uaibbreach  agus  àrdanacb, 

cba  b'anu  gun  aobbar.     Rinn  e  seirbbis 

niliaitli  do  Oisein.    Tha  e  duilieh  beachd 

ii  tboirt  air  an  dòigb  anns  an  d'eadar- 


nach  'eil  iad  a  nis  air  sgeula ;  gidheadb 
tha  combarradh  againn  an  sud  agus  an 
so  a  tha  a'  dearbhadb  gu  soilleir  nach 
robh  e  comasach  dùsan  molaidbean  sil 
Sheallamai  nan  curaidb  nach  b'  fhann,  a 
dbealbb  air  tiis.  Gidheadb,  aidichidh 
gach  neacb  a  leugh  obair  Mbic-a'-Pbear- 
sainn,  gu'n  robh  inntinn  foin  fileanta 
agus  bàrdail  ann  an  tomhas  mòr. 

Tha  mi  a'  saoilsinn  nach  'eil  e  comas- 
ach do  neacb  a  steidbeacbas  aire  gu 
dùracbdacb  air  Oisein  'sair  a  bh?ird- 
achd,  agus  air  gach  ni  a  tha  a'  comh- 
arracbadb  nan  làitbean  anns  an  do 
mbosgail  e  farum  nad  tend  anu  an  talla 
rlgb  nan  triatb  o  shinnsearan  mora  a 
mhouaidh, — gun  aideachadb  gu'n  do 
sheinn  Oisein  's  gun  do  tbog  righ 
Sheallamai  'n  a  aonar  a  lamli 
(Ri  leantuinn.) 


le  feart. 
CONA. 


L  AOID  H 

LE       H.       BONAR. 

Chuala  mi  guth  los'  ag  ràdh 

Thig  thugam  is  eabh  fois; 

Leag  SÌOS  air  m'  uchd  do  cheanu  'stu  sg'itb 

Leag  sios  e  's  bi  aig  clos; 

Chum  losa  thi'iinig  mar  a  bha, 

Sgiih,  claoidhte,  agus  trom. 

Is  fhuair  mi  annsan  ionad  tàimh 

Is  chuir  e  mi  am  foun. 

Chuala  mi  guth  los'  ag  ràdh 
Feuch  bheir  mi  seach  gu  saor 
Do  dh'  uisge  beò,  crom  sios  is  òl 
Aig  tobar  àigh  nach  traoigh. 

Chum  losa  thàinijj  agus  dhV)! 

Do  'ii  t-sruthiui  bheò  nach  gann ; 

Bha  m'  iota  caisgt'  is  m'  anam  dhùisg 

Is  beatha,  th'  agam  aun. 

Chuala  mi  guth  los'  ag  rùdh 

Is  mise  soills'  an  t-saogh'il; 

Seal  lium,  's  a'  mhaduinn  dealraidh  ort, 

'ydo  ià  bidh  ge;il  a  chaoidli. 

Hi  losa  sheail  mi  agus  thuair 

Annsan  mo  reult,  'smo  glin'an; 

'San  t-solus  bheò  sin  giuaisidh  mi 

Gu  deireadli  làitli  mo  tliriall. 

Eadar-theau^aichte  le  R.  B. 


Tri'as  Mios  an  t-Samhraidh,  1872. 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


lU 


CANADA 


^  Air  leantuinn  o  "Chuairtear  nan  Gleann.")    i 

Tha  sinn  leis  na  leaiias  a'  crioclmacli- ! 
adh  na  bha  a^rainn  ri  thoirt  o  "Chuairt- 


nadur  an  fhuinn,  nàdur  na  dùthcha 
's  an  dòigh  a'  s  feàrr  gu  ciuneachadh, 
agus  gu  àite  fhaotaiiin  dlioibb  fein. 

Tha  sinn  'ga  innseadb  mar  fhirinn 
gu'm  bheil  daoine  'san  duthaich  sin 
ear  nan  Gleann"  mu  dheidhinn  laig  nach  robb  aona  i:)heigbiun  an  latha 
Chauada.  Tha  nis  deich  bliadhna  thar  1  'chaidh  iad  air  tir  gun  sgod  gun  ionn- 
fhicheado'n  chaidh  so  a  sgriobhadh,  sachadh;  ach  stuama,  riaghailteach, 
ach  tha  gach.  focal  dheth  a  cheart  cho  '  seasmbach,  saotbaireach,  agas  ann  an 
freagarrach  an  diugh  's  a  bha  e  an  uair  I  ceanu  tri  bbadhua,  aig  an  robb  leth- 
sin.  Ma  tha  atharracliadh  's  am  bith  i  dusan  mart,  mucan.  eunlaitb  agus  a 
's  a' chilis  'sann  ni's  feàrr  agus  ni's'h-uile  goireas  a  b' urrainn  doibh  iarr- 
fàbharaiche  air  son  an  fhir  iomruich.  |  aidh.    Ma  thogras  duine  air  bith  an 


Cha    mhòr    gu  'm    bheil    ceàrn   de  'n 
duthaich  an  diugh  anns  nach  faighear 


ainm  fheòraich,  bheir  sinn  doibli  an 
ainm  's  an  sloinneadh  agus  an  t-àit'  a^ 


pailteas  de  'n  fhearann  a's  feàrr  (a.  tha  I  an  d'  fhalbh  iad 


o  chcann  ghoirid  air  'fhosgladh  a  mach) 
sanr  agus  a  nasgaidh. 

Theagamh  's  gu  'm  faod  so  tuiteam 
an  lamhaibh  iomadh  neach  do  nach  bi 
e  comasach  ceud  àireanihan  a'  "Ghàidh- 
eil"  fhaicinn,  tha  sinn  a  cur  sios  an  so 
beagan  de 'n  bha  'sa'  "Ghàidheal" 
roimhe  so.  Ach  co  dhiii  "fuilgidh  an 
sgeula  math  'innseadb  da  uair:" — 

"  Gun  teagamh  airbith  's  i  soan  duth- 
aich a's  freagaraiche  do  Ghàidheil  dol, 
a  tha  'cur  rompa  tir  an  athraicbean 
fhagail.  Cha  'n  'eil  cosnaiche  slàn, 
fallain  a  tha  eòlach  air  obair,  agus  toil- 


ladsan  is  urrainn  beagan  airgid  a 
thoirt  leò,  na  cheannaicheas  tiehead  no 
leth-cheud  acair,  agus  is  urrainn  pòr 
agus  eairneis-tighe  a  cheannach,  agus 
an  teaghlaichean  a  chumail  suas  fad 
da  no  tri  bhliadhnachan,  cha 'u 'eil 
duthaich  'san  t-saoghal anns  an  asa  do 
neach  de  'n  t-seòrsa  so  t'iridh  o  cheum 
gu  ceum  gu  cothroni  àrd,  na  ann  an 
Canada :  's  e  sin  ma  chuireas  e  mach  a 
clmid  airgid  Ic  faicill  agus  aire.  Neach 
air  bith  is  urrainn  ceud,  no  da  cheud 
punnd  sasunnach  a  thoirt  leis,  agus  a 
chuireas  a  mach  e  ann  am  fearann  le 


each  obair  a  dheanamh  nach  faod  fear- !  tur,  cha  'u  eagal  da,  's  eigin  gu  'n  (^'iricli 
ann  saor  a  bbi  aige  dha  fein  ann  am  e  gu  cothrom  agus  gu  saoibhreas.  Ach 
fior  bheagan  bhliadhnachan,  agus  a  bhi  tha  mòran  a  dol  thairis  do  America 
cho  cothromach,  socrach,  's  a  's  miann  agus  do  chearnaibh  eile,  nach  d'  rinn 
leis,  ged  nach  'eil  peighinn  air  a  sbiubh- 1  maith  riamh  'nan  duthaich  fein — 's  cha 
al,  ma  bheir  e 'n  aire  dha  fein;  's  maimhòani  iad  math  ann  an  duthaich 
tha  e  glic  grunndail,  faodaidh  e  chur  eile.  'Sminic  a  chuala  sinn  "Am  fear 
cixl  a  làimhe  an  ceann  tri  no  ceithir  a  a  tha  carrach  's  a'  bbaile  bhos  bidli  e 
bhliadhnachan  na  chuireas  'n  a  chomas  carrach  's  a'  bhaile  ud  thall :"  am  fear 
àite  seasgar  fhaotainn  da  fein  agus  a  athaleisglùnndachau  Albuinn, 'snach 
ràdh:  "'Tha  mi  nis  air  mo  dhiinan  fein  do  sboii'bbich  an  so,  cha  'mho  theid  a' 


agus  feuch  co  a  chuireas  dheth  mi !" 

ladsan  aig  nacli  'eil  airgiod  r'a  thoirt 
leò,  ach  a  tha  'dol  a  mach  mar  luchd- 
oosnaidh,  cbomhairlicheamaid  iad  a 
dh'  fhalbh  trath  's  a'  bhliadhna,  a 
cheud  chosnadh  math  a  thachras  orra 
ghabhail,  iad  a  bhi  foighidneach,  seas- 
mbach, fuireach  'nan  luchd-oibre  's'nan 
h  gus  an  tug  iad  gu  math 


chhis  leis  thall.  Tha  seòrsa  do  dhaoine 
's  a'  Ghàidhealtachd  'tha'curseachad  a' 
chuid  a's  fearr  d'  an  làithean  ann  an 
amaideachd — sealgaireachd  air  mon- 
adb,  gunnaireachd  air  cladacb — le 
abbagan  'u  an  deigh  air  tòir  bhèisde 
dubba,  chat-fhiadhaich  agus  shionn- 
acb;  a'  luingearachd  air  ÌDbàtaichean, 
ag  òl  leth-bhodach  an  so  'sletb-bhodacli 


112 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


TreM>IlosMit-8*mhr  idh,1872 


an  sud,  nach  diiraichd  an  lj\mli  a  chur 
ri  obair  air  bith,  mur  gabli  iad  ràchdan 
feòir  car  tiota  's  an  fhogharadh,  no 
speal  car  treis  'sa'  mhaduinn — a  clieann- 
chas  air  uairibh  gambain  firionn  an  sud 
'san  so — leth  dhuin-ua.sal  agus  letli- 
dliròbbair — 'na  fhleasgach  air  gach 
banai.s — a  tbogas  oran  math,  agus  a 
dhannsas  gu  gasda,  agus  an  sin  a 
phòsas.  Tha  a'  bbochduiun  a'  tighinn 
gu  grad  air — 's  eiginn  dol  do  America 
no  do  Australia.  Nis  deir  sinn  riii  so 
ann  an  clàr  an  aodainn,  cha  'n  i  sin  an 
dùthaich  idir  a  fhreagras  doibhsan; 
cha'n'eil  Canada  a'  toirt  mil  as  bainne 
do  gach  neach  gun  saothair,  mar  a  bha 
tir  na  h-Eiphit  o  shean.  Tha  cuid  a 
dhaoine  mar  gum  biodh  duil  aca  gu  'n 
robh  Spain  airgid  air  a  cur  an  làimh 
gach  neach  'nuair  ruigeas  e  tir  chein — 
agus  nach  'el  dad  aige  r'a  dheauamh 
ach  suidhe  sios,  ithe  agus  61,  agus  a  bhi 
subhach.  Cha  'n  ann  mar  sin  idir. 
Do  'n  duine  eusgaidh  stuama,  shaoth- 
aireach,  dheanadach,  cliruadalacli,  tha 
Canada,  'n  àite  math ;  ach  do'n  lunn- 
daire  cha  'n  eil  ann  àite  's  miosa.  Tha 
i:  'toirt  droch  ainm  air  America-]nu- 
thuath,  agus  do  cheàrnaibh  eile,  gu 
bheil  mòran  a'  dol  ann  nach  cinnich- 
eaclh  ann  an  ait  air  bith.  Chunnaic 
sinn  an  diugh  fèin  mòran  fhigheadair- 
ean  (tha  a'  chùis  air  atharrachadh 
bbo  'n  chaidh  so  a  sgriobhadh,  gheibh 
eadhon  an  seòrsa  so  fhein  pailteas 
de  'n  obair  nis  'n  robh  iad  cleachda  an 
Canada  an  diugh)  amhuinntirGhlaschu 
a'  falbh  le  'u  teaghlaichean,  agus  bu 
bliochd  an  sealladh  e — daoine  nach 
nrrainn  ruamhar  no  cur  no  cliathadh 
— daoine  nach  do  laimhsich  tuadli,  no 
tàl,  no  speal,  no  corraii  riabh — am 
basan  co  min  ris  an  t-sioda — daoine 
bochda  lag,  nacli  gearradh  dithis  diubh 
craobh  ann  an  seachduin,  nach  b' 
nn*ainn  aon  oidhche  chur  seachad  fo 
fhasgadh  creige  gun  bhi  air  am  meil- 
eachadh  le  fuachd;  agus  mnatlian 
bochda  fann  leò,  nacli  do  chuir  cas  air 
cuibhle  riabh,  nach  do  bhleodhain  mart 


o  'n  hm  an  d'  rugadh  iad.  Co  cinnt- 
each  's  a  dh'  f  halbh  iad  so,  's  ann  gu 
bochduinn  agus  truaighe  ni  's  miosa  na 
dh'  ihhg  iad. 

Tha  iomad  ni  is  coir  dhoibhsan  air 
a'  bheil  miann  dol  thairis,  a  thoirt  leò, 
ach  do  na  h-uile  nithe  's  e  ni  a's  priseala 
's  urrainn  duine  thoirt  leis  do  'n  àite 
sin  no  do  dh'  àite  eile,  d^'agfh  hhean. 
Tha  so  'na  bheannachadh  mòr  anns 
gach  dùthaich,  ach  as  eugmhais  mnà 
maith  ann  an  tir  iir  do  'n  t-seòrsa  so, 
"s  gann  gu  bheil  e  comasach  do  neach. 
cinneachadh  na  oiridh  gu  cothrom. 
'S  i  luideag  bhochd  uasal,  chuideil, 
leisg,  spòrsail  do  mhnaoi,  te  nach  cuir  a 
làmh  lis  gach  fearas-tighe  'thig  'na 
rathad,  an  aona  chlach-thuislidh  a's 
miosa  's  urrainn  teachd  an  slighe  duine 
san  àite  so. — Xa  mnathan  sin  a  thogadh 
gu  h-uasal,  feadhain  eile  'freasdal 
doibh,  a  chleachd  aodach  riomhach 
agus  Ion  sòghail,  'n  an  sineadh  air  uir- 
ighean  sioda,  a'  leughamh  leabhraich- 
ean,  le  'n  lamhainean  geala  leathraich 
air  am  basan  mine — b'  e  'n  amaidcachd 
do  dlmine  le  gòraig  chuideil  do'n 
t-seòrsa  sin  dol  do  thir  ùir :  bha  e  cho 
math  dha  dol  do'n  choille  le  cloich- 
mhuilinn  m'a  mhuineal.  'Si  a'  bhana- 
choisniche  sgairteil,  thapaidh  eusgaidh, 
an  t-aon  ni  a's  priseala  's  urrainn  duine 
thoirt  leis — 's  luachmhoire  i  so  na  a 
cudthrom  do  dh'  or — td  gun  uaill  gun 
stràic,  is  urrainn  a  bhi  aighearach 
simndacl),  ged  nach 'eil  e  comasach  dhi 
dol  air  chcilidh  o  thigh  gu  tigh — to  a 
laimhsicheas,  ma  's  eiginn  e,  caipe  no 
gràp,  no  coran  no  tuadh,  a  bhleòdhnas 
bò,  a  ni  'n  t-im  's  an  càise,  a  bheath- 
aicheas  mucan  agus  eunlaith,  a  spcalgas 
connadh  ma 's  diginn,  agus  a  leagas 
craobh.  'S  iomad  ni  is  eigin  do  mhnaoi 
i  mhaith  an  tuathanaich  ann  an  Canada 
a  dheanamh.  Imridh  i  bhi  eùlach  air 
siucar  agus  siabunn,  coinnlean,  aran, 
agus  ionia  ni  eile,  gun  tighin  air  clàd- 
adh  agus  suiomii.  'S  eiginn  di  bhi 
eòlacli  air  feòil  agus  iasg  a  shailleadh 
— tha  e  feumail  gu  'm  bi  i  eòlach  air 


Treas  Mice  an  t-Samhraidh,  1872. 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


113 


clò  agus  aodach  a  dhath  ann  an  giairm- 
ean,  màdar  no  scarlaid,  gu  'n  luaidh  i 
e ;  gu  'n  geàrr  i  e,  gu  'm  fuaigh  i,  cha 
'n e  ambain  cota-bàn  as  clia'-beag  dhi 
fein,  acb  aodacb  do  na  caileagan  agus 
do  na  balacbain,  acb  's  èiginn  gu  'n 
cum,  gu  'n  geàrr  's  gu'  m  fuaigb  i  briog- 
ais  d'  a  fear,  agus  cota-mòr  agus  osain ; 
ann  an  aon  fbacal  gu  'm  bi  i  cosmbuil 
r'a  sin-seanmbair,  comasacb  air  a  lamb 
a  chur  ris  gacb  ni.  'S  èiginn  gu  'm  bi 
i  aoidheil  cridbeil,  gun  gbruaim  gun 
ghearan  ged  nacb  robb  cupa  tea  r'  a 
fbaotainn,  no  aran  cruineacbd,  acb 
gabbail  mar  a  tbig.  An  duine  aig  a 
bheil  bean  de  'n  t-seòrsa  so,  ma  tba  e 
fein  mar  bu  cbòir  dba,  'n  a  cbosnaicbe 
math,  a'  gearradb  cbraobb,  a  rèiteacb- 
adb  an  fhearainn,  a'  ruambar,  a'  cur 
'sa'  cliatbadb;  ma  cbi  e  scan  aois,  cbi 
se  e  fein  ann  an  cotbrom  air  nacb  ruig 
fear-cosnaidh  gu  dilinn  's  an  kite  so. 
Tba  b-uile  pàisde  mar  tbig  e  air  agbart 
'n  a  cbulaidb-stòrais  da,  'n  a  bbuaun- 
acbd  agus  'na  bheannacbd.  Ma  tba'n 
teagblach  so  cuimbneacb  air  an  Dia, 
ag  iarraidb  a  bheannacbd,  a'  cur  onoir 
air  a  latba  naomb,  air  'òrduigbean 
naomh,  is  sona  iad;  bithidh  piseach  an 
dèigh  an  saotbaireach,  bidh  beannacb- 
adh  Dbè  fo  aon  fbàrdaicb  leò. 

Bidb  piseach  air  an  fhirean  choir, 
Mar  pbailm-chrann  ùrar  glas; 

Mar  sbeudar  àrd  air  Lebanon, 
A'  fas  gu  direacb  bras. 


LITIR  0  RUNASDACH. 
Fhir  mo  Chridhe, 

Thàinig  an  Gàidheal  coir  a  stigh  an 
latha  roimhe  is  theid  mise  an  nrras  gu  ^n 
deachaidh  furan  fuilte  a  chur  air.  Agus 
cha  "n  ann  ri  brosgul  no  ri  sotal  a  tha  mi 
mar  their  mi  gur  h-aii  idh  e  air  fàilte  chridh- 
eil  fhaotainu  aig  gach  cagailt  far  am  bheil 
Giiidhlig  air  a  labhairt  is  air  a  leughadh. 
Cha  'n  'eil  mi  ag  ràdh  gu  'm  bheil  e  saor  o 
mhearachd,  no  gu  'm  bheil  e  air  gach  dòigh 


Cha'n   aithne   dhomhsa.      N^'m   biodh  a 
leithid  sin  do  ni  ri  'fhaotainn,   bhitheadh  e 
am  measg  seachd  iongantais  an  t-saoghail, 
agus  b'fhiach  e  an  t-saothair  dol  ni  b'fhaide 
thar  tri  chriocha  baile "  gu  'fhaicinn. 
Tha  mi  an  d(Schas  air  an  aobhar  sin  ann  an 
àite  a  bhi  'stri  li  coire  fhaotainn,  gur  h-anu 
chuireas  gach  Gàidheal  a  ghualainn  ris  a' 
ghnothach  gus  an  oidhirp  chliiiiteach  agaibh 
a  dheanadh  cho  iomlan  is  a  tha  i  comasach 
a  bhi.     Tha  e  air  a  chur  as  leth  'ur  luchd 
diithcha,  gu  'm  bheil  iad  anabanach  deigh- 
eil  gu  bhi  a'  cur  buille  air  a  cheile  a  thaobh 
sgoileireachd   Gàidhlig.     Tha  e  air  a  ràdh 
ma  tha  neach  air  bith  aig  am  bheil  a  bheag 
do  dh'eòlas  air  cànain  aosda  na  h-Alba,  gur 
&  a'  cheud  fheum  a  ni  e  do  'n  eòlas  sin,  tòis- 
eachadh    air   dearbhadh   gu  'n   robh    gach 
neach  riamh  a  sgiiobh  Gàidhlig  an  toiseach 
air  fein  tur  ceàrr.     Nach  robh  e(Mas  aca  aon 
chuid  air  co-dhealbh  na  cànain  no  air  a  brigh, 
nach  b'  aithne  dha  a  litireachadh  no  a  cur 
gu   snasmhor   an   eagan  a  chcile.     'Si  so 
barail  nan  Sasunnach   mu  'r  deidhinn  agua 
cha  bheag  a  chulaidh   spurs"  a  stiias  cuid 
dhiubh  a  dheanadh  mu  'n  chilis.     Is  cha  'n 
fheud  mi  a  radh  nach 'eil  beagan  aobhar  aca 
air  son  am  barail.      Ach  tha  mi  ann  an  Ian 
dòchas  nach  bi  an  ni  mar  so  ni 's  f  haide.  is 
gu  'm  faic  sin  gach   Gkidheal  cia  be  na  bar- 
ailean  a  th'  aige,  a'  leigeil  dheth   a  bhi  a 
smàdadh  muiuntir  eile,   is  le  'uile  chomas  a 
deanadh  na  dh' Ihaodas  e  gus  an  Gàidheal 
a  dheanadh  airidh  air  cànain  agus  cliii  nan 
Finneachan.     Tha  fhios  gu  math    "Gu'n 
saoil  am  fear  a  bhios  'na  thàmh  gur  e  'lamh 
fein  is  f heàrr  air  an  stiìiir''    Ach  ni 's  lugha 
na  gu'm  bheil  a  mhiann  air  am  bàta  a  chur 
fodha,  mar  dean   e  cuideachadh,  fanadh  e 
'n  a  thosd.  a  chum  is  nach  cuir  e  maradh  air 
an  stiiiradair  a  tha  'deanadh  a  dhichill,  gu 
na  trast  chuislean  mealltach  agus  na  cuart- 
agan  taosgach,    fhiaradh    air    gualainn    is 
sliasaid  na   fleasgaivt,  a   iha  mar  fhaolan 
bhig  a'  leumnich  's  a  'g  eiiidh  air  barraibh 
caorach  geal  nan  tonnan  uaibhreach,  cùl- 
ghorm.     Tha   mi   an    dòchas   a    Ghàidheil 
rùnaich  gu  'n  gabh  sibh  fein  agus   luchd- 
dùthcha  mo  ghaoil  mo  leth-sgeul  air  son 
labhairt  air  a  mhodh  so.     Is  tha  fhios  agam 
gu  'n  dean  sibh  sin  mar  a  dh'  innseas  mi 
dhuibh  an   t-aobhnr,       Tha  caraid  fiachal 
agam  anns  a'   bhaile,    Cia  iheal    cho   glan 
tiiinneach  dileas  'sa  sheas  riabh   air  bait 
broige.     Tha  e,  faodaidh  sibh  bhi  cinnteach, 


iomlan.      Ach   c'àite  am  bheil  an  ni  tal- 

mhaidh  a  tha  saor  o  mhearachd  no  iomlan?  I  am  measg  luchd -leughaidh  a'  Ghàidheil;  ach 


114 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


Treas  MlosaB  t-Sanihraidh, 


cosmhuil  ri  iomadh  aon  eile  tha  o  anabarr- 
ach  moiteil  as  an  eùlas  ìnhionaideach  a  tha 
aige  air  a' (jhàidhlig.  Dh'aithiiich  e  co  a 
sgriobh  an  litir  a  chuir  mi  gu'r  n-ionnsuidh. 
Is  ma  dh"  aitliuich,  se  nach  do  chaomhain 
an  neach  a  sgriobh  i.  Cha  robh  coire  fo  "n 
bhrataidi  nacb  robh  oine.  Cha  robh  sid 
ceart  is  clia  robh  so  ceart.  Ach  mar  thug 
e  fainear  nach  d'  thug  mi  iomradh  air  a' 
"Chomunn  Chòmhlach"  chaidh  e  air  bàin- 
idh  uile  gu  Ic'ir.  'S  ann  do  mhuinntir 
Chòmhail  o  fein,  is  tha  e  's  an  lim  bharail 
nach  'eil  ceùrn  eile  's  an  domhan  mhòr  oho 
maiseach  ri  Còmhal,  no  daoine  GÌle  air  agh- 
aidh  na  ciuinne  cho  direach  deas,  is  cho 
fearail  treun  ris  ua  Còmhlaich.  Air  an 
aobhar  sin  cha  b'  urrainn  dha  'thuigsinn 
ciamar  nach  d'thug  mi  iomradh  air  a'  chom- 
unn  mheasail  sin.  Cha  chuireadh  ni  no 
neach  iompaidh  air  nach  b'  ann  le  h\n  thoil 
a  dh'f  hiigadh  a  mach  iad.  Cha  mhòr  nach 
d'thug  e  an  t-seichedhiom,  'gam  chàineadh 
is 'gam  smàdadh.  "Thusa,"  ars' esan  "a 
pgaoimire  gun  sgoinn  ag  gabhail  ort  fein 
fiosrachadh  a  thoirt  mu  gach  comunn  Giiidh- 
ealach  's  a'  bhaile,  is  a'  chuideachd  Chòmh- 
lach  a  dhearmad.  Nach  'eil  fhios  aig  a' 
h-uile  duine  ris  an  fhiach  duine  a  radh  gur 
h-e  Còmhal  gu  ùraidh  dùthaich  na  Fèinne. 
Nach  ann  air  son  achair  Fliinn  a  chaidh  an 
t-ainm  Còmhal  a  thoirt  air  a  cheàrn  mhais- 
each  sin  do  dh'  Earraghaidheal?  Nach  'eil 
so  air  a  dhearbhadh  gu  soilleir  le  co  liutha 
àite  mu'n  cuairt  a'chladaicho  Ard-na-tcine, 
gu  Cill-Chatrina  a  tha  air  ainmeachadh  air 
Fionn.  Nach  'eil  gach  "Sron  nam  Fiann" 
gach  ''Ardfhinn''  is  "Fionabhacan"  seadh 
is  "Loch  Fbinn''  fein  (ris  an  abrar  gu  ceàrr 
a  nis  "Lochfiona,")  a'dearbhadh  chociiram- 
acli  's  a  bha  Triath  àrd  na  Fcaune,  Fionn  gun 
bheud,  a'  dion  oighreachd  athar.  Is  cha 
b'  fhiach  leàtsa  a  bhuimileir  gun  mhodh  a 
ghabhail  ort  gu  'n  robh  a  leithid  do  dh'  àite 
]"i  Còmhal  ann,  no  Comunn  Cùmhlach  auns 
a'  bhaile."  Ud,  Ud,  arsa  mise,  air  d'  athais 
a  charaid  chaoimh,  nach  f  hada  o'n  a  chualas 
"tuitidh  an  capuU  coithir-chasach."  Is  ma 
bha  an  comunn  agadsa  gun  iomradh  air  cha 
b'edimeas  idir,  ach  di-aire  a  b' aobhar." 
"Di  aire!"  ars' esan.  "An  cualas  a  leithid?" 
"Ni  air  a  chlò-bhualadh  agus  mearachdan 
de 'n  t-seòrsa  so  aim!  Nach  bu  choir  do 
ni  a  tha  air  a  chU\-bhualadh  a  bhi  saor  o 
gach  mearachd,  is  mur  'eil  a'  chilis  mar  sin 
cha  'n  f  liiach  o  gnùis  a  thoirt  dha.  Is  beag 
a  ghabliainn  is  am  Fear-deasachaidh  a 
ruigheachd  agus  toirt  air  mochùig  tasdain  a 


thoirt  air  an  ais  dhomh,  ni 's  lugha  na  gu'n 
toir  e  dhomh  a  làmh  nach  bi  an  deigh  so 
aon  fhacal  air  a  mhi-Iitireachadh.  aon  lide 
as  a  h-àite,  no  aon  mhe  rachd  a'  cur  mi- 
mhaise  air  gnùis  A'  Ghàidheil"  "Thalia, 
thalla,  arsa  mise,  cha'n  e  ni  faoin  a  dh'fhògh- 
nas  leat,  cha  lugha  na  lùn  iomlaineachd,  ach 
tha  eagal  orm  "gu'm  bi  a'  choir  mar  a 
chumar  i" — is  tha  mi  l;\n  bheachdaidh  nach 
ann  air  taobh  duilleagan  A'  Ghàidheil  a 
mhàin  a  tha  mearachdan  ri  am  faotainn. 
Is  theagamli  gu  'm  bheil  cuid  do  na  nithean 
a  tha  thusa  a'  cur  sios  mar  mhearachdan 
ceart  gu  leòir,  ged  a  tha  t-eolas-sa  cho  neo- 
iomlan  air  a'  Ghàidhlig  is  nach  aithnich  thu 
mar  tha  an  gnothach  ceart.  Ciod  an  riagh- 
ailt  ris  am  bheil  thu  a'  tomhas  an  ni?  Thn 
direach  ri  do  bharail  fein,  agus  nach  f  heud 
e  bhi  gu'm  bheil  barail  neach  eile  a  chearta 
cho  fiachail  ri  do  bharail-sa.  Gabh  mo 
chomhairle-sa  ma  ta,  agus  an  àite  a  bhi  'strj 
ri  mearachdan  fhaotainn  ann  an  obair 
muinntir  eile,  ma  tha  'mhiann  ort  aobhar  na 
Gà^dhlig,  agus  nan  Gàidheal  a  sheasamh, 
cuir  do  ghualainn  ris  a'  ghnothach  is  dean 
ua  dh'fhaodas  tu  gus  na  mearachdan  a  chur 
ni 's  lugha,  is  gus  An  Gàidheal  a  dheanadh 
ni 's  fiachala,  is  theid  mis  an  urras  dhuit, 
nach  e  mhàin  gu'm  bi  am  Fear-deasachaidh 
jann  ad  chomain  ach  bheir  gach  neach  aig 
am  bheil  gn\dh  d'a  dhùthaick  'sd'a  chanaiu 
cliù  dhuit.  Ach  na  smaointich  air  del  a 
thagradh  nan  cùig  tasdain,  oir  tha  Fear, 
deasachaidh  A' Ghàidheil  "ua  dliuino  geur- 
tapaidh  a  chunnfiic  roinn  mhath  den 
t-saoghal  is  tha  fhios  aige  ciod  is  ciall  do 
"dh'  eun  an  laimh."  "Ma  tha  e  geur,  tap- 
aidh" fhreagair  mo  charaid,  "bheir  mise 
air  gu  'n  toir  e  do  nàire  asad-sa;  ma  'se  is 
nach  sguir  thu  do  bhi  'cur  litiiichean  g' ;x 
ionusaidh."  Cha  d'  thubhairt  mi  fuin  diog, 
ach  smaointich  mi  gu  'n  robh  sin  ni  b'  asa  a 
radh  na  dheanadh,  oir  cha  'n  'eil  e  furasda 
nàire  a  thoirt  as  an  neach  aims  nach  'eil  i. 
Ach  coma  dh'  f lialbh  mo  charaid  ann  an 
deagli  sliaod  is  tha  mi  ficjsrach  nach  e  a' 
chiad  aon  a  thionndaidheas  a  chiil  air  A' 
Ghi'iidheal.  Ach  smaointich  mi  an  doigh 
dha  m'  f  hàgail,  gu  'r  h-ann  mar  sud  a  tha 
muinntir  tuillidh  is  de<is  a  dheanadh. 
Gheibh  iad  coire,  ach  oidhii-p  cha  toir  iad 
air  ni  chur  ceart,  no  a  dheanadh  ni 's  feàrr. 
Tha  mòran  ann  is  tha  iad  mar  am  madadh 
's  a'  phrasaich,  cha  'n  'ith  iad  fein  a  chòmh- 
lach  ach  cha  leig  iad  do  chreutair  eile  del 
g' a  coir.  Tha  fcinealachd  is  farmad  de'n 
t-seòrsa    so  a'   milleadh    iomadh    oidhirp 


Treas  Miesan  t-Samhraidh,  1872. 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


115 


chliùiteich.  Ni  's  lugha  na  gu'm  bi  ni  air 
a  dheanadh  anns  gach  puinc  a  rcir  na  bar- 
ail  aca-san,  tha  iad  lionmhor  nach  toir  air 
aon  rathad  gnùis,  do  dh'  oidhirp  air  bith  a 
tha  air  a  deanamh  air  son  math  an  t-sluaigh. 
"Is  e  sin  an  toll  a  mhill  an  t-seiche"  a 
thaobh  iomadh  ni  Gàidhealach.  Ach  tha 
mi  sàr-thoilichte  f  haicinn  o  na  Freagairtean 
a  thug  sibhse  seachad  's  an  àireamh  mu 
dheireadh,  gu'm  bheil  sibhse  a'  cur  roimhibh 
nach  eirich  dhuibhse  is  do  'N  Ghàidheal 
mar  a  dh' eirich  do  "Bhodachna  h-asail." 
Tha  mi  ag  iarruidh  maitheanais  air  son 
uiread  d'  ur  n-ùine  luachmhoir  a  thoirt  suas. 
Gabhaibh  mo  Ieth-sfj;eul  ris  na  Comuinn 
Ghàidhealach  eile  air  nach  d'  thug  mi 
iomradh.  Oir  tha  aon  no  dhà  dhiu  cho 
math  ris  a'  Chomunn  Chòmhlach  air  an  do 
rinn  mi  dearmad.  Tha  Comunn  Chlach- 
na-cuddin,  as  an  còrr,  a  bu  choir  a  bhi  's  an 
àireamh.  Ach  cha'n'eil  agam  air,  ach  aid- 
eachadh  gu  'm  bheil  mise,  cosmhuil  ribh 
fein,  buailteach  do  mhearachdan.  Ach  cha 
bu  mhath  leam  air  a  thàilleabh  sin  gu'n  cuir- 
eadh  c;ardean  cùl  rium.  Slàn  leibh.  Rath 
is  piseach  gu  'n  robh  oirbh.  Buaidh  is 
soirbheachadh  leis  A'  Ghiiidheal.  Gu  ma 
fadaabhitheasea'teachdairtiis  gach  miosgu 
fùilte  a  chur  oirnn.  is  mi,  'ur  deadh  charaid, 
RUNASDACH. 
Glaschu  air  Cluaidh,  Ì 
20mh  de  'n  Og-mhios,  1872.  J 


BEATHA-EACHDRàlDH 
CHALUIM-CHILLE 
Caib.  III. 
'N  a  phearsa,  bha  Calum-Cillo  àrd 
duiueil,  agus  eireachdail.  Bha  a  ghuth 
binn,  agus  làidir;  air  chor  is  gu'n 
cluianteadh  e  aig  astar  mòr,  Bha  e  ro 
ghaolach  air  seinn  nan  Salra.  Chluinn- 
teadh  gu  poncail  ann  am  Muile  e,  thairis 
air  a'  chaolas,  'nuair  a  bhitheadh  e  'seinn 
nan  Salm  ann  an  I.  Tha  e  air  innseadh 
le  a  luchd-eachdraidh,  aig  aon  am,  air 
do  shagartaibh  Drùidheii,  agus  High 
nam  Pecht,  ionnsuidh  a  thoirt  air 
casgadh  a  chur  air  aoradhChaluim-Chille 
gu'n  do  sheinn  e  fein  agus  beagan  do  a 
bràithribh  an  cuigearah  Salm  thar  da 
f  hichead,  air  dhòigh  cho  drùidhteach,  's 
gu'n  robh  an  Righ  air  a  ghluasad  gu 


domliain,  agus  dhion  e  Calum-Cille  o  na 
sagartaibh,  's  ghabh  e  ris  gu  caoimhneil. 
Chaidh  Righ  Brid'  iompachadh  fo 
'eisdeachd.  Chaluim-Chille,  agus  bhais- 
teadh  e  leis.  Mar  thoradh  air  so,  bha 
e  ro  bhàigheìl  ri  Calum-Cille,  agus 
ri  'bhràithribh,  agus  thug  e  cead  agus 
cuideachadh  dhoibh  airson  searmonach- 
aidhair  feadh  a  Rioghachd;  agus  tha  e 
coltacli  gu  'n  robh  e  fein  a'  moladh  a' 
chreidimh  Chrlosdail  d'  a  shluagh.  Aig 
ciiirt  an  Righ  so,  choinnich  Calum-Cille 
ri  prionnsa  Eileanau  Arcaibh  (Orl-net/s), 
agus  mhol  e  dha  Connac,  fear  d'  a  fhògh- 
lumaichibh,  mar  theaclidair  soisgeulach, 
a  bheireadh  e  do  na  h-eileanaibh  sin. 
Bha  Calum-Cille  agus  a  chompanaich 
ro  shaoithreachail  am  measg  l)heanntan 
agus  ghleanntan  na  Gàidhealtachd,  a' 
craobh  sgaoileadh  an  t-soisgeil.  Bha  iad 
mar  an  ceudna  gu  trie  a'seòladh  air 
feadh  nanEileanananlar,  a  searmonach- 
adh,  agus  a'  togail  thighean-aoraidh 
anns  gach  eilean.  Bha  tlachd  àraidh  aige 
anns  an  Eilean  Sgiathanacb,  ait'  anns  an 
deachaidh  a  shaothair  gu  mòrabheann- 
achadh.  Tha  cunntas  air  a  thoirt,  gu'n 
robh  e  latha  a'  searmonachadh  's  an 
eilean  sin  faisg  'air  a'  chladach,  's  gu'n  do 
ghlaodh  e  raach,  "Mo  chlann,  chi  sibh 
an  diugh  ceann-feadhna  aosda,  a  chum 
re  a  bheatha  gu  curamach  an  lagh 
nàdurra,  a'  teachd  gu  bhi  air  a  bhaist- 
eadb  agus  gu  bàsachadh."  Air  ball, 
bha  bata  air  a  faicinn  a'  tigbinn  a  dh' 
ionnsuidh  a'  chladaich,  agus  sean  duine 
lag  'u  a  toiseach, — ceann-cinue  treubh 
anns  an  nàbachd.  Ghiììlain  dithis  d'  a 
chompanaich  suas  e,  chuma'cho-thionail, 
agus  dh'  eisd  e  le  dùrachd  ri  teagasg 
Chaluim-Chille,  a  bha  a  labhairt  troimh 
eadar-theaugair.  'N  uair  a  chrioch- 
naicheadh  an  t-searmoin,  dh'iarr  an 
seann  duine  baisteadh.  Chaidh  a  ghabh- 
ail  a  stigh  do  'n  eaglais  Chriosduidh  tre 
òrdugh  a'  bhaistidli  aig  an  am  sin  fein; 
agus  air  ball  dh'  eug  e!  's  chaidh  'adh- 
lacadh  anns  an  dearbh  ionad  's  an  robh 
an  co-thional  cruinn.  Thachair  so  aig 
beul    aibhne,    a    chaidh    ainmeachadh 

Q 


116 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


Treas  Mios  an  t-Samhjaidh,  1S72. 


uaithe  sin,  "  Tobar  Artbraiiain."  Bha 
eaglais  agus  Tigh-Manacli  air  an  togail 
le  Calum-Cille,  no  a  lucbd-Ieanmhuinn, 
ann  an  oilean  a  blia  ann  an  Loch 
Chaluim-Cliille,ansgireachdChillmlioire, 
'sanEilcan  Sgiathanach.  Blia  eaglais 
mar  an  ceudna  air  a  h-aiumeachadh  air 
amis  an  cilean  a  tha  ann  an  abhuinn 
Shnisoirt.  B'  e  Loch  Chalulm-OhiUe 
an  t-ainm  a  bha  air  Loch  Phort-righ,  o 
chionn  cheudan  bliadhna,  agns  tha  eil- 
ean  anns  an  loch  sin,  ris  an  abrar  fathast 
"I-Chalaiin-Chille,"  Is  ainneamh  sgir- 
eacbd  an  lar  na  h-Alba,  nach  'eil  ainm 
Chaluini-Cliille,  no  fear  d'  a  theachdair- 
ibh,  air  a  chumail  air  chnimline  ann  an 
ainm  eaglais  no  claidh. 

Bha  Calum-Cille  mar  an  ceudna 
saoithreachail  aig  a'  bhaile  ann  an  I. 
Bhitheadh  e  a'  teagasg  na  h-oige,  's  ag 
uidheamachadh  nam  foghlumach  air  son 
drenchd  na  ministreileachd,  Bha  e  a' 
caitheamb  mòran  ùine  ann  an  ùrnuigh, 
leughadh,  agus  sgriobhadh.  Bha  e  a' 
cur  theacbdairean  soisgeulach,  cha  'n  e 
'mhàin  air  feadh  na  h-Alba,  ach  mar  an 
ceudna  do  Shasuinn,  agus  do  cheàrn- 
aibh  eile,  do  'n  robh  eilean  I-Chaluim- 
Chille  'n  a  àrd  lòchran.  "B'fhionnar 
an  tobar  do'n  uisge  bheo  a  dh'fhosgladh 
's  an  eilean  uaigneach  sin,  agus  b'  ioc- 
shlaint  do  dh'  iomadh  dùthaich  thioraim, 
tbartmhoir,  na  ernthana  faltain  a  bha 
'sgaoileadb  uaithe  gu  fada,  farsuing." 

Air  latba  na  Sàbaid,  an  naoitheamb 
la  de  mlnos  mlieadhonaicb  an  t-samh- 
ruidb,  'b  a  bhliadhna  597,  anns  an 
t-seacbd  bliadhna  deug  thar  thri  fichead 
d'a  aois,  chriochnaicb  Calum-Cille  a 
thuras,  agus  cbaidh  a  ghairm  Icis  an 
Ard-Mhaighstir  o  shaothairibblionmhor, 
cbum  suaimhneis  siorruidh.  An  latba 
roimh  'n  oidbcbe  a  cbaocbail  e,  dbirich 
e  an  cnoc  os  ceann  a'  Chlachain.  ann  an 
I,  ghabb  e  a  chead  do  'n  eilean  's  da  na 
tighibh-aoraidh,  agus  db'  fbàg  e  a 
bheannacbd  aig  a  bhràitbribh.  Air  dha 
teachd  a  niias,  loan  e  air  atb-sgrlobhadb 
Lealjhair  nan  Saim,  gus  'n  do  ràinig  e 
meadhou  an  treas  salm  deug  thar  an 


fbicbead,  'nuair  a  stad  e;  agus  db'ainm- 
icb  e  Baithein  mar  an  neach  a  ghabh- 
adb  'àite.  Chuartaicb  e  an  sin  an  t-aor- 
adb  gnatbaicbte  anns  an  eaglais,  'sthug 
e  na  h-aitbeantan  mu  dheireadh  do 
'bbràithribb,  a'  guidheadh  gu'm  bith- 
eadh  sith  agus  gràdb  ghnàtb  a'  riaghladh 
'n  am  measg.  Aig  meadbon-oidhcbe 
chaidh  e  a  ris  do'n  eaglais  a  db'virnuigh. 
's  fhuaradh  an  sin  e  'n  a  shineadh  gun 
lùs,  le  Diarmad.  Chruinnich  a'  bhuidb- 
eann  uile  mu  chuairt  da,  a'  gul  airson 
esan  a  bha  'n  a  athair  dhoibb  a  bbi  nis 
a'  bàsacbadh.  Dh'fbosgail  e  a  sbiiilean 
's  dh'  ambairc  e  orra  le  gràdh  agus 
aoibbneas,  an  sealladb  mu  dheireadh. 
An  sin  dhùin  e  air  an  t-saogbal  so  iad 
a  chum  am  fosglaidb  ann  an  gloir. 
"Agus  cbuala  mi  guth  o  nèamh,  ag 
radh  rium,  Sgrlobb,  Is  beannaichte  ua 
mairbh  a  gheibh  bas  's  an  Tighearn,  a. 
so  a  macb:  Seadh,  tha  an  Spiorad  ag 
radh,  chum  gu  faigb  iad  fois  o'n 
saothair;  agus  leanaidb  an  oibre  iad." 
(Taisb.  xiv.  13.)  "Agus  doalraidb  iad- 
san  a  tha  glic  mar  shoilleireachd  nan 
speur;  agus  iadsau  a  thionndaidbeas 
mòran  gu  fireantacbd  mar  na  reultan, 
fad  saoghal  nan  saoghal."  (Dan.  xii.  3.) 
"Aig  Dia  's  ro-pbrlseil  bas  a  naomb," 
(Salm  cxvi.  15.) 

"  Acli  CO  an  cridli'  a  bhreitnnicn  e, 
No  'n  t-suil  a  chminaic  riamh, 
Mòr  mlieud  is  gnè  an  uUuchaidh, 
D'a  pliobuU  fein  rinn  Dia ! 
A  oil  's  sona  dhoibli  's  is  beannaicht'  iad 
'Fluiair  aithne  ghlau  air  Criosd  : 
Oir  meallaidh  iad,  \\  a  chomunn  san, 
An  sonas  ud,  gu  sior!" 

Cbaidh  an  obair  a  thoisicb  Calum- 
Cille  a  ghiùlan  air  a  b-adhairt  leis  na 
teachdairibh  a  db'fbàg  e  'na  dheigb  gu 
soirbbeasach;  agus  bha  I-Chaluim-Chille 
fad  linntean  an  deigh  an  ama  sin  'n  a 
chatbair  dhiadhachd,  eòlais,  agus  fogh- 
luira.  Cha  robh  Calum-Cille  air  dboigh 
's  am  bith  fo  riaghladh  Eaglais  na 
Ròimbe,  a  bha  eadhon  aig  an  am  sin  a' 
toiseachadh  air  fas  truaillidh;  agus  fad 
cheudau  bliadhna  an  deigh  a  bhàis,  bha 


Treas  Mios  an  t-Samhraidh,  1872. 


AN  GAIDAEAL. 


117 


ministeirean  I-Chalnim-Chille  dealaichte 
■o  'n  Eaglais  sin,  agus  a'  dol  fo  'n  ainm 
Ci'ihlich,  a  thugadh  dhoibh  do  bhrigh 
's  gu  'n  robh  an  còmhnnidhean,  mar  bu 
trice,  ana  an  àitibh  uaigneach.  Bha 
ministeirean  ionnsaichte  agus  ainmeil  a 
ghnàth  a'  tànih  ann  an  I-Chaluim-Chiile; 
agus  bha  cruinneachadh  mor  do  leabli- 
raichibli  Inachmhor  air  an  gleidheadh 
ann  an  Tigli-nam-Manach,  no  Cbatliaii*- 
Chùildicli,  an  sin.  Bha  cuid  de  righribh 
na  h-AIba,  Eirinn,  agus  Lochlainn,  agus 
moran  de  chinn-feadhna  Ghaidhealach 
air  an  adhlacadh  's  an  Eilean  iomrait- 
€ach  so.  Tha  e  air  aithris  gu  'n  dubh- 
airt  Calura-Cille,  ùine  bheag  mu  'n  do 
chaochail  e, — 

"  I  mo  chridhe,  I  mo  ghràidh, 
'An  kit'  gutli  Mauaich  bi'dh  geum  bà  ; 
Ach  mu  'n  tig  an  saoghal  gu  crich 
Bidh  I  mar  a  bha." 

Thàiiiig  a'  cheud  chnid  de'n  fhàighead- 
aireaehd  so  gu  teaehd;  chaidh  Cathair 
nan  Cùildeach  a  chreacbadh,  's  thuit 
aineolas  agus  dorchadas  air  an  Eilean 
sin,  a  bha  'n  a  lòchran  a  measg  nan 
eileanan.  '  Cha  'n  'eil  e  mi-oholtach 
nach'eil  coimhlionadh  na  cuid  mu  dheir- 
eadh  de  'n  fhàidheadaireachd  air  tois- 
eachadh.  Tha  I-Chaluim-Chille  gach 
bliadhna  a  nis  air  a  fiosrachadh  le  mil- 
tibh  as  gach  duthaich,  a  tha  a'  taghail 
a  choimhead  air  seann  laraichibh  a 
morachd.  Maith  a  dh'fheudtadh  nach 
deachaidh  na  smaointean  a  dhuisgear 
anns  an  iuutinn  ann  a  bhi  a'  gluasad 
mu  ehuairt  air  ballachaibh  briste  eag- 
laisean  I-Chaluim-Chille,  agus  air  na 
leacaibh-lighe  aosmhor  fo  'm  bheil 
daoine  a  bha  aon  uair  cumhachdach 
'n  an  luidhe,  a  chur  an  cainnt  ni  's  eir- 
eachdaile,  na  mar  a  labhair  an  t-OlIa 
Johngon,  agus  a  tha  air  an  eadar-theang- 
achadh  mar  a  leanas,  ann  an  Caraidnan 
Gàidheal: — "Bha  sinn  a  nis  'n  ar  seas- 
amh  air  an  Eilean  ainmeil  sin,  a  b'  àrd 
lòchran  fad  linntean,  do  Ghàidhealtachd 
na  h-Alba — as  an  d'  fhuair  Cinnich 
fhiadhaich  agus  ceathairne  bhorba  soch- 


airean  eolais,  agus  beannachdan  na 
saorsa.  Cha  bu  chomasach,  ged  'a 
dh'  fheuchtadh  ris,  an  inntinn  a  thogail 
0  na  smaointibh  a  dhiusg  an  t-aite  so, 
agus  b'  amaideach  an  oidhirp,  ged  a 
bhiodh  i  comasaeh.  Ge  b'  e  ni  a, 
thàirngeas  air  falbh  sinn  o  churahachd 
ar  ceud-fàithean;  ge  b' e  ni  a  bheir  do 
na  shiubhail  o  chian,  no  do  na  tha 
fathast  ri  tachairt,  làmh-an-uachdar  air 
na  tha  a  làthair,  tha  so  ag  àrdachadh 
ar  n-iubhe  mar  bhithibh  tuigseach. 
Gu  raa  fad  uam-sa  agus  o  ra'  chàirdibh 
an  fheallsanachd  reòta  sin  a  dh'  aomadh 
mi  gu  gluasad  gu  caoin-shuarach, 
eutrom,  thar  aon  ait'  a  dh'  fhàgadh 
urramaiohte  le  gliocas,  le  fearalas,  no  le 
maise.  Cha  chulaidh  fharmaid  an  duine 
sin  nach  mothaicheadli  a  ghràdli  d'  a 
dhùthaich  air  a  neartachadh  air  blàr- 
catha  Mharatoin,  no  an  crabhadh  nach 
blàthaicheadh  am  measg  làraichean 
briste  I-Chaluim-Chille." 
a'  chrioch. 


RUATHAR  MHIC-MHUIRICH. 

[Air  eadar-theangachadh  bho  Bheùrla 
Aìjtonn^  le  Alasdair  Mac  Neacail.] 

Rinn  Mac  Mhnirich  boid 
An  aghaidh  Chloinn  Mhic  Thàbhais, 
Chaidh  'thogail  creich'  na 'n  tlr, 
Le  rèubainn  is  le  ànnradh; 
Oir  mhionnaicli  ò  gu  teann, 
Gu'n  sgriosadh  è  bho  'n  tir  lad, 
Le  cuig-thar-fhichead  fear, 
Is  deich-thar-fhichead  piobair! 

Ach  'n  uair  'ràinig  ò 

Sios  mu  leth  Srath-Chanain, 

Cha  robh  dhe  'chuid  seoid 

Ach  na  triuir  's  an  làthair: 

Sud  na  bha  ri  chùl,  » 

Gu  diou  'an  am  an  tuasaid, 

Cach  bha  thall  's  a  bhos, 

A  cuir  a  chruidh  air  fuadach. 

'Ro  mhath'!  ars'  Mac  Mhuirich, 
'Chaidh  ar  cliu  a  dholaidh! 


118 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


Treas  Mios  an  t-Samhraidh,  1872; 


Ghillean,  feùmair  spàirn, 

Air  bcoihac]i  luu  'u  deid  corrag! 

So  Mac-Mhic-Mhethusalab, 

'Tighinn  le  'chuid  sluaigh, 

Tri  fichead  fear  's  a  tri, 

'Sna  h-uireid  de  Dhaoin'-u.-iisle'! 

(Arsa  Mac-Mliic-Mhethusalab) 
'Fàilte  lubaith  dhuibh  fcin! 
Nach  sibhse  Triath  nan  Cattan? 
Co  dha  'ra  bheil  ur  ceilidh, 
'An  am  tigh  'a  so  air  astar? 
So!  So!  mhic  a  choin! 
Tha  sè  ceud  bliadhn'  bho  n'  dhùraig 
Annail  bheo  na  m'  ghleauu 
Tigh'n  air  turas  spùiunidli.' 

(Ars'  Mac-Mhuirich) 

'De  sud  'tha  thu  'gràdh? 

Tha  do  bhatbais  làidir; 

Seallam  dhuit,  a  bhobag, 

Ciod  è  's  cubliaidb  gnàtb  dhuit. 

Chaueil  latba  tuilleadh 

Agad  gu  bbi  beo, 

Thugad  bbo  mo  gbunna, 

'Sbho'u  cblaidbeamh  'tha  na  m'  dbòrn' 

'S  ait,  'N  àil',  an  sgeul' ! 
Arsa  Flath  Cbloinu  Tbàbhais, 
'S  furasda  dbomh  fhein 
Stad  'chuir  air  do  rànaicb.' 
'N  sin  thug  Mac-Mbethuselali 
Sgal  mar  leomban  gionach, 
Tharruing  è  'sgian-diibh, 
Is  sparradair  'n  a  mhionacb. 

Air  an  dòigb  so  fhein, 
Thainig  bus  do  'n  ghaisgeach, 
Dha'm  bu  cbliu  ri  'bheo 
'Bbi  na  dbuine  gasda, 
Thainig  mac  na  dheigh, 
'Bba  pùsd  air  nighean  Noah, 
Theab  gu  'n  thraoigh  an  Dllo 
Ijcìs  dhe  'n  uisg'  na  dhòl  è. 

'S  bba  Ò  air  a  dheanarab, 
'S  mise  fein  'tha  cinnteacb, 
Nam  biodh  air  tachairt  ann 
Blasad  coir  dhe  hi  Ikach. 
llàinig  crioch  mo  sgeoil, 
Tha  mi  'ra  beacbd  gur  'h-ùr  i, 
Ouir  mu  'n  cuairt  an  stop, 
Is  marbhaisg  air  an  '  Duty'l 


SAMHLAIDHEAN 

AIR   NITHIBH   SPIORADAIL   O    NA    CREAGAIBH. 

Bha  e  'n  a  cbleachdadh  cumanta  aig 
Criosd,  'n  uair  bha  e  air  an  talamh  bhi 
'gnàthachadh  shamhlaidhean  'na  theag- 
asg.  Bha  iad  sin  a'  deanamh  an  ni  a 
bha  e  'cur  an  cèill  ni  bu  shimplidhe  ni 
bu  so-thuigsinne  do  'n  t-sluagh  a  bha 
'g  èisdeachd  ris.  Tha  an  dòigìi  theag- 
aisg  .so  feumail  anus  a  h-uile  linn; 
's  cha'n'eil  ni  air  am  bheil  eòlas  againu 
nach  feud  sinn  samhladh  a  dheanamh 
dheth  a  thaobh  theagasgan  na  diadh- 
achd.  Tha  sinn  anns  na  leanas  ma  ta, 
a'  dol  a  ghabhail  beachd  air  na  creag- 
aibh.  Tha  sinn  eòlacli  gu  leòir  orra ; 
agus  chi  siun  ciod  a  dh'  fliògliluimea& 
sinn  uapa. 

AOSMIIORACHD. 

Tha  luchd  eòlais  a'  cumail  a  mach 
gu  'm  bheil  aois  gle  mhor  aig  na  creag- 
aibh.  Their  iad  nach  'eil  ann  am 
beagan  mhilteau  bliadhua  ach  neo-ni 
an  coimeas  ris  an  iiine  mhòir  a  chaidh 
seachad  o  'u  rinneadh  iad  mar  a  tha 
iad, — 's  gu  'm  feum  sinn  aireamh  mhor 
de  mhuilleinibh  a  ghabhail  gu  ruigsinn 
air  ais  gu  breitli  nan  creag.  Ach  mòr 
's  mar  tha  a  leithid  sin  a  dh'  aois,  is 
faoin  e  ri  taobh  aois  an  Ti  ris  an  abrar 
"Carraig  nan  Al."  Tha  aireamh  a 
bhliadhnai-san  a'  dol  thar  àireimh. 
Bha  E  ann  an  uchd  an  Athar  shiorr- 
uidh  mu  'n  .  robh  creag  no  craobh  ana 
am  bith ;  oir  's  E  a  rinu  iad  uile ;  's  tha 
E  Feiu  a'  dol  air  ais  fad  am  measg  nan 
làithean  a  dh'  f halbh,  'n  uair  a  tha  E 
'sgriobhadh  mu  thimchioU  Fdin, — 
"Chuireadh  suas  mi  o  shiorruidheachd." 

DÌOMHAIKEACIID    AGUS    NITHEAN    iSO- 
THUIGSINN. 

Tha  cuid  de  na  creagaibh  a  tha  so- 
làmhsaichte.  Gheibhear  iad  air  uachd- 
ar  nan  raon ;  's  feudar  an  tomhas  no  'n 
cothromachadh.  Chithear  iad  air  an 
taobh  a  thafodha,  'sair  an  taobh  a  tha 
'n  àird,  's  air  gach  taobh  mu  'n  cuairt 
dhiubh;'stha  sinn  mar  sin  comasach 
air  bhi  a'  gabhail  làu  eòlais  orra.     Ach 


Treas  Mios  an  t-Samhraidh,  1872. 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


119 


tha  creagan  eile  ann  'scha'n  fliaic  sinn 
ach  earrann  ro  bheag  dliiubh;  oir  tha 
a'  chuid  a's  mo  dhiubh  folaichte  gu 
tur  ann  am  broinn  na  talmhainn,  's  iad 
^a'  dol  SÌOS  a  dh'ionnsuidh  mòr  dhoimh- 
neachd  a'  chruthachaidh,  far  nach 
ruigear  le  sixil  orra,  's  far  nach  fhaighear 
■eòlas  air  an  nàdur  no  an  suidheachadh 
a  thug  Dia  dhoibh. 

Tha  nithean  a  tha  'co-fhreagairt  ris 
na  puincibh  so  am  measg  theagasgan 
an  t-Soisgeil.  Tha  cuid  a  dh'  fhirinn- 
ibh  a'  Bhiobuill  de  a'  leithid  de  nàdur 
simpb'dh  'sgu  'm  feud  inntinn  an  lein- 
ibh  bhig  an  cuartachadh ;  's  tha  teag- 
asgan  an  taghaidh  'sna  Trianaid,  a  tha 
ann  an  tomhas  mòr  do-rannsaichte. 
Cha  'n  'eil  sinn  a'  faicinn  dhiubh  sin 
ach  mar  gu  'm  biodh  an  eudain,  's  tha 
iomadh  taobh  eile  dhiubh  air  an  Ian 
chòmhdach  le  diomhaireachd,  air  nach 
•cuir  dad  ach  an  t-siorruidheachd  solus 
duinn.  Tha  mòran  de  theagasgaibh 
priosail  mar  so  's  an  fhirinn  a  tha  air 
iomadh  dòigh  air  an  slugadh  suas  ann 
an  dorchadas  troimh  nach  faic  sùil 
duine  beò — 's  tha  iad  cho  àrd  'n  an 
nàdur  's  nach  faigh  inntinn  gu  bràth 
làn  bheachd  orra.  Tha  e  f  lor  nach  'eil 
ni  o  aon  cheann  gu  ceann  eile  a 
Bhiobuill  nach  'eil  feu  mail  gu  'm  bith- 
eamaid  'g  a  chreidsinn  agus  a  beachd- 
smuaineachadh  air ;  ach  tha  iomadh  ni 
a  tha  mar  sin  feumail  a  thaobh  am  feum 
sinn  fuireach  ann  an  tomhas  mòr  a 
dh'  aineolas,  agus  a  thaobh  gur  h-i  a' 
chain  nt  a 's  freagarraiche  ann  am  beul 
an  fhior  Chriosduidh."  0  saoibhreas 
araon  gliocais  agus  eòlais  De !  Cia  do- 
rannsachadh  a  bhreitheanasa  agus  do- 
lorgachaidh  a  shlighean!" 

a'  chreag  mar  bhunait. 

An  ti  leis  am  miann  tigh  a  chur  suas 
nach  tilg  a'  ghaoth  sios  agus  nach 
giùlain  an  t-uisge  air  falbh  togaidh  e 
air  bonn  làidir  na  carraige  e.  Ach  tha 
nithe  eile  a  bhàrr  air  tighibh  a  tha  'g 
iarraidh  bunaite  seasmhaich  chum 's 
gu'm  bitheamaid  'gan  socruchadh  oirre. 
Tha  againn  anama  neo-bhàsmhor  a  tha 


gach  la  ann  an  cunnart ;  's  cha  'n  'eil  ni 
feadh  an  t-saoghail  air  am  bi  iad  sabh- 
ailt  ach  air  Criosd.  Cosmhuil  ris  a' 
chreag  tha  Esan  seasmhach  gu  leòir, 
agus  coma  ciod  an  t-uallach  a  shuidh- 
ichear  air.  Cha  'n  'eil  peacach  fo  'n 
ghroin  nach  f heud  a  thaice  a  leigeil  air ; 
's  ged  robh  a  chiont  gu  bràth  cho  mòr, 
ma  bheirear  e  gu  bhi  a'  socruchadh  a 
mhàin  air  an  Ti  so  cumar  suas  e  gun 
charuchadh  'scha  tig  call  dha  a  chaoidh. 
a'  chreag  mar  chladh. 

Gabh  beachd  air  na  creagaibh  mar 
àit-adhlaiceadh  do  ainmhidhibh  a 
fhuair  bitli  anns  na  seann  linntibh  a  ^ 
dh'  fhalbh.  Tha  e  'na  ni  cho  iongant- 
ach  's  a  choinnicheas  ri  duine  's  an 
t-saoghal  nàdurrach  gu'm  faighearann 
am  broinn  nan  clachan  cruaidhe  sligean 
agas  earrannan  de  lusaibh  's  de  ainmh- 
idhibh de  gach  seòrsa.  Gheibhear  na 
miltean  's  na  deich  miltean  dhiubh  so 
air  a'  leithid  de  dhòigh  's  gu  'm  bheil 
ann  am  bailtibh  mora,  eaglaisean  agus 
tighean  costail  eile  a  tha  gu  h-iomlan 
air  an  deanamh  suas  de  chlachaibh  anns 
nach  'eil  dad  ach  sligean  is  closaicheau 
nam  bèistean  marbha  a  chruthaich  Dia 
linntean  gun  àireamh  roimhe  so.  Tha 
so  'na  ni  ro  iongantach  da  rireadh; 
's  tha  luchd-f òghluim  a'  tarruing  iom- 
adh leasaja  uaith.  Ach  'sann  a  tha 
sinne  ag  iarraidh  feum'  spioradail  a 
dheanamh  deth.  Tha  sinn  'ga  shamh- 
lachadli  ri  ni  a  tha  'co-fhreagairt  ris  am 
measg  àrd  theagasgan  an  t-iSoisgeil. 

'Se  Criosd,  ma  ta,  "Carraig  nan  Al;" 
agus  theirear  mu  'n  dream  a  tha  'creid- 
sinn  ann  gu  'ra  bheil  iad  ann.  Tha  'n 
Fhirinn  ag  ràdh,  "ma  tha  neach  air 
bith  ann  an  Criosd  is  creutair  nuadh  e ;" 
'stha  E  fèin  a'  toirt  seachad  mar  àithne, 
iad  bhi  a'  fantuinn  arm.  Tha  iad  ami 
an  Criosd  a  bhrigh  a'  Choicheangail 
shiorruidh  anns  am  bheil  E  'seasamh 
air  an  son,  agus  'g  an  gabhail  a  stigh 
maille  ris;  'stha  iad  ann  mar  an  ceudna 
a  bhrigh  aonaidh  dhiomhair  a  tha  an 
Spiorad  Naomh  a'  deanamh  'sa'  daing- 
neachadh.     Tha  mar  so  co-fhreagairt- 


120 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


Treai  Mios  an  t-Samhraidh,  137?. 


cachd  eadar  na  creagan  nàdurrach  agns 
Criosd,  a'  Cliarraig  spioradail;  acli  le  a' ' 
leithid  so  a  dli'eadar-dhealachadh,  ged 
'se  na  mairbh  a  gheibliear  anuta-san, : 
gursluagh  heo  iad  ann  an  Criosd,  a  rèir 
mar  tha  E  Wn\  ag  ràdh,  "'Do  blirigh 
'sgu'm  bheil  Mise  beb,  bithidh  sibhse 
hcb  mar  an  ceudna." 

a'  chreag  mar  bhiadii. 
Cuiridli  so  mòr  iongantas  air-sau  a 
Jeughas  e.  A'  chreag  mar  bhiadh ! 
Co  rianih  a  chuala  a'  leithid!  Gidli- 
cadh  is  ni  e  a  tha  cho  fior  's  a  tha  e 
cho  iongantach.  Cha'n'eil  anns  an 
aran  a  th'air  a'  bliòrd  ach  ni  a  thainig 
as  an  talamh ;  's  cha  'n  'eil  anns  an 
talamh  ach  a  chreag,  air  a  pronnadh 
's  air  a  deanamh  min.  Bha  lii  ann, 
mar  a  tha  hichd-fòghluim  a'  cur  an 
coin,  'n  uair  nach  fhaicinu  ach  uisge  is 
cruaidh  chreagan  feadh  farsuinneachd 
a'  chruthachaidh.  Cha  threabhadh 
crann  ann  an  sin — cha  sgriobadh 
cliadh — 's  cha  'n  fhàsadh  siol.  Ach 
rinn  reòthadh  is  uisge — rinn  fuachd 
agus  teas — min-phronnadh  air  na  creag- 
aibhsin;  's  thionndaidh  earrann  mhòr 
dhiubh  gu  ùir;  's  tha  duine  agus  ain- 
mhidh  a'  faotainn  a  nis  an  ni  a  dh'itheas 
iad.  'S  ann  mar  sin  a  tha  sinn  a'  ciall- 
achadh,  agus  'sann  mar  sin  a  tha  e  fior, 
gur  h-ann  o  'n  chreag  a  tha  'm  biadh  a' 
tighinn.  Ach  deanamaid  a  nis  ar 
samhuil  o  'n  so.  'S  e  Criosd  an  fhior 
chreag;  'se  Carraig  nan  Al  E;  ach  's  e 
mar  an  ceudna  an  t-aran  spioradail  c 
air  am  bheil  an  t-anam  gràsmhor  a' 
beathachadh  clium  na  beatha  shiorr- 
uidh;'agus  mar  is  èigin  do'n  chreag  a 
blii  air  a  pronnadh  mu  'n  tig  biadh 
aisde;  'sann  mar  sin  a  tha  sinn  a'  tuig- 
sinn  nach  beathaichear  an  t-anam  air 
Criosd  ach  do  r(5ir  agus  mar  tha  Criosd 
air  a  bhrutiiadh.  Tha  sinn  uime  sin 
a'  leughadh  gu 'n  do  "lotadh  E  air  son 
ar  n-eucairtean."  Bhuineadh  gu 
(iruaidli  ris  a'  chreig  mu  'n  d'  thainig  i 
gu  blii  'n  a  meadlion  beathachaidh  do 
chorpan  duine;  'sbliuineadh  gu  cruaidii 
iiiar  an  ceudna  ri  Criosd  ann  E  bhi  .-lir 


a  throm-smachdachadh  leis  an  Athair 
mu  'm  b'urrainn  ar  n-anama  bhi  'sealbh- 
achadh  na  beatha  shiorruidh. 

A.  nis  ann  an  co-dhiinadh,  'se  ar 
mianu  a  bhi  'moladh,  do'n  dream  a 
leughas  na  briathran  so,  an  Ti  Mhòir 
ris  am  bheil  ar  samhlaidhean  ag  amh- 
arc.  Gabhaibh  eòlas  air  mar  an  Ti  a 
tha  gu  Idir  luachmhor.  Tuigibh  gur 
neach  E  a  tha  araon  ro  mhòr  ann  fèin, 
agus  a  rinn  nithe  iongantach  air  son  a 
shluaigh.  Seallaibh  ris  mar  an  Slàn- 
uighear  Uil'-fhoghainteach,  'scuiribh 
bhur  dòchas  a  thaobh  tim  is  bith- 
bbuantachd  Annsan. 
Baile-nan-cnoc.)  C.  D. 

1872.  Ì 


CUIMHNEACHAN  O  SHEANN  GHAIDH- 

EAL    SNA  STAIDIBH  AONAICIITF, 
Baile  Ghraidh-Burathaikeil* 

ANNS  NA   StaIDIBH   AlfNAlCHTE. 

C'eiul  mhios  an  Earraich,  1872. 
Fiiilte  ort  a  Ghiii<lheil  Oig, — Chuir  caraid 
iiraid  an  treas  àireamh  a  m"  iounsuidh,  oir 
bha  1Ì0S  aige  air  a'  mliòr  ghràdh  a  bli' agam 
do  fhànaiii  mo  leanbaidheachd.  Mo 
thruaighe  mi  gu'm  bheil  mi  nis  air  meiigeadh 
innte.  Thog  an  leabliar  beag  siinnd  air 
ni'  aigne,  agus  blia  ni'inntinn  a'  sior-chnuas- 
achadh  ciod  a  sgriobhainn  a  d'  ionnsuidh. 
ThJiinig  àireamh  do  nitiiibh  a  dh' ionnsuidh 
mo  chuimhne,  ach  ròghnaich  mi  air  an  iun  so 
iabiiaiit  riut  mu  dhithis  dhaoine  misueacliail, 
sgairtuil,  agus  Idin  sijciseil  nach  gabhadh  .spid 
no  mashidh  o  insai  no  o  uasal.  Cha  rolih  aoii 
aca  ciiig  troidhean  air  àirdc.  Bha  aon  dhiubh 
'na  mharsanta  a  ghnhth  a'  fall)h  uiu'n  cuairt 
feadh  na  dùthcha  le  "nihiilaid  air  a  ghuailnil)h. 
'N  uair  a  thigeadh  e  chum  aon  de  na  bailtibh 
beaga,  chruinnicheadh  a'  chhinn  bheag  agus 
ruitheadh  iad  an  ddigh  a'  mharsanta  agus 
ihionaileadli  iad  niu'n  cuairt  air  fdin  agus 
air  a  mhiiiaid,  ni  a  iiha  'na  mhòr  thrioblair, 
(h)'n  mharsanda.  i3°i  sin  a'  mhàlaid  luachd 
nihor!  'N  uair  a  dli'  t'hosgailteadh  i  thugadh, 
a'  chlann  bheag  an  Ikmhan  agus  dh'fhosgladh 
iad  an  siiilean  le  mòr  ioghnadh  ag  riulh  ri 
cli(^ile, — "Seall!  ()  seall!  am  fac  thu  rianih  a' 
leithid  sin."  Gu  deimhinn  bha  a'  nihiilaid 
iongantach!  Bha  hit'  aiir  gach  seòrsa  innte, 
agus  bhagach  seòrsa'na  hite  fdin.  Ribinneau 
riomhach  de  gach  dath,  mapaiceanan  side 
agus  cainneacli;  meurain;  snitthadan  agus 
sniahliiadhail ;  dubhain  chuilleag  a  suas  gu 
dubiiain  tiirosg;  dathan  de  gach  gnò;  tridh- 

Philttdelphia. 


Treas  Mios  an  t-Samhraidh,  1872. 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


121 


eadh  bha  gach  ni  'n  a  hite  fèin.  Bha  a'  mar- 
santa  borb  ris  a'  chloinu  bhig;  agus  gu  minic 
gheibheadh  iad  stailc  leis  an  t-slait-thonihais 
mu'n  claig'nibh.  Bha  e  leonta  an  aond'a 
làmhaibh;  air  son  sin  fhuair  e'n  t  ainm 
suaicheanta,  Marsanf  a'  chliutain;  agus  air 
son  a  chrosdachd  ris  a'  chloinn,  leanadh  iad 
e  o  thisjh  gu  tigb  a"  glaodhaich  'n  a  dhèigh, 
diutan]  cUiUan\ 

Air  lii  àraidh  bha  a'  chlaun  ghaisgeil  ag 
eigheach  'na  dhdigh  air  a'  mhodh  so;  dh'fhhs 
e  ro  fheargach  riù  agus  air  faicinn  fuire  feòir 
dha,  ghabh  e'm  fore  asus  ruith  e  as  an  dèigh. 
Thachair  do  shean  duine  coir  teachd  a  mach 
o  thigh  oibre,  agus  'n  uair  a  chunnaic  e  a' 
marsanta  'ruith  an  dèigh  na  cloinne  leis  an 
fhorc,  ruith  e  am  measg  na  cloinne  a'  saoil- 
sinn  gu  'n  deanadh  a  Uithaireachd  tèarmun 
dhoibh.  Thilg  a'  marsanla  am  fore  air 
thuaireamas  agusbhuail  e'n  sean  duine  mu'n 
chalpa;  agus  chaidh  aon  d'a  mheoir  troimh 
'n  osan  agus  troinih  'n  chraiceann,  a'  deanadh 
loit  cràiteich  an  calpa  an  t-sean  duine,  agus 
thubhairt  e,  "  Ciod  uime  thilg  ihu'm  fore 
orm'smi  neo-chiontach?"  Fhreagair  a'  mar- 
santa, "'mur  an  robh  thu  ciontach  car  son  a 
ghabh  thu  sgaoim?" 

Aig  am  eile  thachair  gu'n  d'  thàinig  mar- 
santa chliutain  gu  l)aile  iiraidh  auns  an  robh 
duine  beag  sgairteil  a'  gabhail  còmhnuidb 
d'  an  d'  thug  an  luchd-Uiteachaidh  an  t  ainm 
luaicheanta,  Am  Frionnsa.  Bha  tigh  còmh- 
nuidh  a'  Phrionnsa  air  bruaich  gaineimh, 
agus  bha  sruthan  beag  uisge  a'  ruith  dlvilh  ri 
oir  na  bruaich.  Thachair  do 'n  mharsanta 
bhi  'gabhail  an  rathaid  seachad  air  an  tigh, 
'sbha"m  Prionnsa  'na  sheasanih  fa  chomhair 
an  doruis.  Labhair  iad  ri  chdile  air  tùs;  ach 
mu  dheireadh  thainig  briathran  searbh' agus 
feargach  eadar  na  suinn,  an  sin  scròliail  is 
buillean.  Mu  dheireadh  ghlac  na  feara  a 
choile,  gach  fear  a'  stri  ri  'nàmhaid  a  chur  gu 
taiamh  gus  an  d' thainig  iad  gu  oir  na  bruaich; 
na  feara  a'  tuiteam  muin  air  mhuin  anns  an 
t  sruthan.  Dh'fhuaraich  an  t-u,isge  mòr 
fhearg  nan  gaisgeach  treunmhor  agus  chuir  e 
crloch  air  an  streup.  Bha  mi  'nam  bhall 
achan  anns  an  am  agus  cha  do  dhi-chuimh- 
nich  mi  riamh  la  blàr  a'  Phrionnsa  agus  a' 
Mharsanta.  Thubhairt  neach  ris  a'  Phrionnsa 
'n  uair  a  thainig  e'n  hird  air  a'  bhruaich, 
"fhuaras  gu  math  thu  mu  dheireadh."  ()  an 
duine  bochd,  thubhairt  esan;  bha  e  'gam 
bhualadh  far  an  ruigeadh  e  orm!  Bha'm 
freagradh  so  'na  aobhar  ghaire  do  mhòran 
fad  an  dèigh  a'chòmhraig;  oir  cha  robh  fhins 
code'n  dithis  a  b'iiirde.  Bha  a'  marsanta 
tana  ann  am  feòil,  agus  bha  'm  Prionnsa 
sultmhor,  a'  chuid  a  bha  dh'uireasbhuidh  air 
ann  an  iiirde  bha  e  aige  ann  an  lend. 

SEANN  GHAIDHEAL. 


SUSPIRIA 

LE  Longfellow. 

Gabh  iad  0  Bhàis  is  their  air  falbh 
Gach  ni  a  their  thu  a  's  leat  fein; 
Tha  t'  iomhaigh  càraicht'  air  a'  chriadh 
Ag  radh  gur  leatsa  sin,  ach  sin  a  mhàin. 

Gabh  iad  0  Uaigh  a's  luidheadh  iad 
Paisgte  air  do  sgeilpibh  caol' 
Mar  aodach  chuir  an  t-anam  dheth 
Luachmhor  ach  a  mhàin  dhuinn  fein. 

Gabh  iad  O  Shiorruidheachd  mhòr 
Cha  'n  'eil  'n  ar  beath'  ach  osag  f  haoin 
'Tha  'sgaoileadh  anns  an  ùir  a  blàth 
'S  gu  liir  a'  lùbadh  gheug  do  chraoibh. 
Eadar- iheangaichte  le  R.  B, 


LAOIDH  NA'  BEATHA 

Le  Longfellow. 

(Freagairt  cridhe  an  òganaich  do  'n  Bhàrd.) 

Na  innis  dliomh  am  briathran  diibhach 
Nach  'eil  'nar  beatha  ach  bniadar  faoin; 

Oir  tha  an  t-anam  marbh  a  chaidleas 
'S  cha  'u  'eil  nithe  mar  a  shaoil. 

Tha  ar  beatha  anabarr  soluimt' 
'Scha'n  i  'nuaigh  fhuar  crioch  ar  i 

Is  duslach  sibh  's  gu  duslach  pillidh, 
Cha  d'  thubhairt'  riabh  ri  anma  dhaoin.' 

Cha  'n  e  toil-inntinn  's  cha  'n  e  mtilad 

Ar  crioch  àraid  no  ar  raad 
Ach  bhi  'deanadh  chum  's  gach  latha 

Gu  m  bith  'ur  maitheas  'dol  am  meud. 
Tha  ealain  lionmhor  's  ùine  'siubhal 

'S  ged  robh  'n  cridhe  fearail  treun 
Cha  'n  'eil  ann  ach  druma  'mhulaid 

'Bualadh  coranach  an  eig. 

Ann  am  faicli  an  t-saoghail  fharsuing, 

Ann  an  camp  na  beatha  fhior, 
Na  bith  mar  ainmhidh  balbh  gun  toiniso-, 

Bi  ad  ghaisgeach  anns  an  stri. 

Na  cuir  earbs'  an  gean  ri  tighinn 
'S  na  bi  'caoidh  na  h-ùine  a  threig; 

Dean,  0  dean,  's  an  am  a  tb'  agad 
Fo  cheannsal  Dhe  le  cridhe  treun. 

Tha  beatha  dhaoine  mòr  'g  ar  teagasg 
Gu  'm  feud  sin  uile  stri  ri  euchd; 

Is  air  dhuinne  siubhal  dhachaidh 
Ceuma  f  hàgail  as  ar  deigh. 


122 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


Treas  Miosan  t-Samhraidh,  1872. 


Ceiima  theagamh  'clii  iieacli  eile 
Air  a  tluirns  troinih  an  t  saogh'l, 

BnUhair  boclul  tha  'call  a  mhisnich 
'S  gu  'ni  faigli  e  spiorad  iir  d'  an  taobh. 

Bith'mid  suas  ma  ta  's  ag  obair 

Le  cridh'  gun  gheilt  roinih  chruas  an 
t-saogh'l 
A'  sior-bhuidhinn  's  a'  sior-leantuinn 
'Fòghlum,  foighidin,  is  saoth'ir. 

Eadar-theangaichte  le  R.  B. 


RANNAN  AIR  NOTE  PUNND 
SASUNNACH 
A  bba  am  paipean  salacb,  saraichde  a  fhuar- 
adh  anu  am  Malairt  o  sheann  bhean  aig 
an  robb   ainm  Airgiod  a  bbi^  agus  a  bha 
'g  a  àicbcadb. 

Tha  tbusa  sin  a  pbrabag  ragach 
Ribeach,  robach,  pbrabacb  thruagh; 

Meadhon  sraicbde,  aodan  salach, 

'S  bliith  na  dosgainn  air  do  ghruaidh. 

Fhreagair  ise. 
"0  cha'n  iogbnadh  mi  bbi  prabach, 

'S  iomadh  car  a  chaidli  mi  luaidh, 
'S  iomadh  aon  a  dh'  fhi\g  mi  sona, 

Is  siiil  'bha  air  mo  dheigh  truagh." 

Thuhhairt  mise. 
"Suidh  a  SÌOS  is  inns'  do  naidheachd 

Is  na  greas  ro  ealamh  uam ; 
Bheir  mi  fuin  dhuit  ait'  's  am  fan  thu, 

'S  fasgadh  tighe  a  bhios  buan." 

Fhreagair  ise. 
"0  cha'n  fheud  mi  fuireach  agad, 

'S  allaban  fo  m'  chois  is  ruaig; 
Cha  luaithe  a  tha  mi  ann  am  baile 

Na  tha  mi  le  cabhaig  uaith." 

'N  tlm  a  b'  f  haid'  a  f  hnair  mi  dh'  anail 
B'  ann  aig  cailleach  Eachain  Ruaidh ; 

Shnuim  i  mi  am  mogan  stocaidh 
'N  seotal  ciste  glaiste  cruaidh. 

Luidh  mi  'n  sin  fad  iomadh  latha 

'N  toit  'g  am  dhalladh  'call  mo  shnuaidh; 

'S  bhòidicheadh  a'  chailleach  charrach 
Nach  robh  aic'  aon  f  hàirdean  ruadh. 

Ach  air  dhi  bhi  mach  air  cheilidh 
Thàinig  reubanach  mu  'n  cuairt; 

ThoU  an  anainn ;  bhris  na  glàsan ; 
'Sfhuair  mi  ccad  na  coise  uaip! 


Ach  ma  fhuair  cha  b'  fhada  'mbeal  mi, 
Chaidh  an  tòir  'n  ar  deigh  gu  luath ; 

Thug  iad  mi  i'l  sail  na  br.jige, 

'S  cròis  is  CL'ir  chaidli  air  mo  ghruaidli. 

Sheas  mi  air  1;\  mòr  na  cùirte, 

'S  thug  mi  fiauuis  'measg  an  t-sluaigh ; 
Fhuair  a'  chailleach  air  a  h-ais  mi, 

'S  fhuair  am  bus  i  fein  gu  luath. 

'S  ged  l^u  chruinn  a  sgriob  i  còmhlath 
Am  bonn  òir,  's  an  sgillinn  ruadh, 

0  bu  bhraise  'chaidh  a  sgaoileadh 
Na  ni  gaoth  am  moll  a  ruag'. 

Leum  na  càirdean  air  a  cheile 

Mu  'n  robh  'n  creutair  fuar  's  an  uaigh, 
Bha  'n  luchd-lagha  'n  an  cuid  fein  deth, 

Is  gach  aon  ri  streupaid  chruaidh. 

Och,  mo  l(''ireadh  nam  bu  ni  e 

'Bhiodh  r  'a  innseadh  anns  an  t-saoghal, 
A'  chailleach  fhaotainn  comas  t'iridh 

Dh'  f  haiciun  'n  diol'  'bha  air  a  saothair. 

O  's  ann  aice  'bhiodh  an  cuibhrionn 
An  och,  och  's  an  guileadh  truagh ; 

Càch  a'  faotainn  math  a  cuibhrinn 
Is  i  fein  dhol  bus  le  cruas. 

'S  iomadh  piuthar  agus  bràthair 

A  tha'n  dràsd  aic'  am  measg  dhaoin'; 

'Ncuid  'n  a  luidhe  'meirgeadh  làrah  riu 
'S  feum  gu  leòr  air  air  gach  taobh. 

Gabh-sa  rabhadh  nis  o  m'  òran 
Is  do  dhòrn  na  gleidh  co  dùint'; 

Deansa  math  le  d'  stor  's  tu  'n  làthair; 
Sgaoilidh  each  e  's  tu  's  an  ùir. 

Ledaig.  J.  Campbell. 


MAIRI  AGUS  AN  T-ADMIRAL. 
Is  cleachda  leis  na  Goill  a  bhi  ri  fochaid 
air  na  Gàidheil  bhochd',  air  son  cho  aineol- 
ach,  maol-thcangach  's  a  gheibhear  iad  an 
coitcheannas  an  uair  a  dh'  f  heuchas  iad  ris 
a'  Bheurla;  .'igus,  air  uairibh,  cha'n 'eil  teag- 
amh  nach  bi  iad  a'  deanadh  thuislidhean  agus 
mhearachdan  gle  neònach ;  ach  dona  'smar 
tha  na  Goill,  cha  'n  'eil  daoine  air  bith  ann 
a  tha  ni's  toithiche  air  a'  bhi  a  labhairt  deth 
a  cheile,  agus  ri  fala-dhà  neolochdach  dc 
gach  seòrsa,  na  na  Giiidheil  iad  fein.  Tha 
an  sgeulachd  bheag  a  leanas  gle  chumanta 
ann  an  cuid  de  cheàruan  de  Earraghàidheal 
agus  theagamh  gu  'n  toir  i  gàire  air  bhur 
luchd-leughaidh.  Cha  'n  'eil  mise  'del  a 
ràdh  CO  dhiù  a  tha  i  fior  no  nach  'eil;  ach 


Treas  Mlos  an  t-Samhraidh,  1872. 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


123 


■cin,  mar  's  am  bith  a  bhiitar  's  an  am  a  dli' 
fhalbh,  is  cinnteach  mi  nach  faightear  ann 
an  ceàrn  d'an  Ghàidhealtachd  an  diugli,  aon 
f  hear  no  te  cho  fada  air  an  ais  's  nach  bitb- 
■eadh  fios  aca  co  dhiii  'bu  bheatbach  no 
duine  a  bha  ann  an  Admiral. 

Bha  aig  boireannach  deanadach,  glic,  aon 
uair,  tabhartas  beag  de  uibhean  ri  chur  o 
•dh'ionnsnidh  an  Tigh-Mhòir.  Air  dhith  an 
cur  a  suas  gu  tearuinte  ann  am  bascaid 
ghairm  i  an  searbhanta,  caileag  òg  gun 
mhòran  de  eòlas  an  t-saoghail,  agus  dh'  ear- 
ailich  is  slieòl  i  dhi  cia  mar  a  ghluaiseadh  i 
i-fein  aig  an  Tigh-Mhòr.  "Is  bitheanta," 
ars'  ise,  "leis  an  Admiral  e  fein  a  bhi 
'gabhail  a  shrhid  fo  sgàil  nan  craobb  anns 
an  rathad-dhiomhair  eadar  an  Tigh-Mòr  agus 
an  geata,  agus  ma  thachras  e  ort  feuch  gu'm 
bi  thu  f  ior  mhodhail  's  gu  'n  toir  thu  a' 
h-uile  urram  da.  Ma  dh'  f  heòraicheas  e 
■dhiot  CO  as  a  tha  thu,  no  c'  iiite  am  bheil 
thu  'dol,  no  ciod  a  tha  agad,  innsidh  tu  dha 
gu  pongail,  's  bi  cinnteach  gu  'n  abair  thu, 
ieV  cead,  aig  deireadh  gach  freagairt  a  bheir 
thu  dha.  Aithnichidh  tu  an  t-Admiral  clio 
luath  's  a  chi  thu  e  le  cheum  flathail,  ùrd ; 
agus  is  àbhaist  da  sràidimeachd  am  bitli- 
■eantas  le  'churraclid-oidhche  dearg  air  mar 
■chòmhdach  cinn,  agus  a  nis,  a  Mhàiri,  bi 
'falbh  agus  mo  bheannachd  a'd'  chuideachd!'' 
Thog  a'  chaileag  bhochd  orra  gu  sùrdail,  làn 
de  na  comhairlean  a  fhuair  i;  rùini^-  i  an 
^cata  mòr  's  ghabh  i  a  stigh.  Air  dhi  a  bhi 
'dlùthachadli  air  an  tigh  faicidh  i  coileach- 
Frangach  briagh  a'  steòcadh  a  nuas  'n  a 
<x)inneamh  cho  moiteil  's  ged  a  bu  leis  fein 
an  oighreachd  -  earball  sgaoilte  's  e  'cur 
smiiid  as  an  talamh  le  bàrr  a  sgiathan — "Ma 
tha  Admiral  's  an  dùthaich,"  thuirt  i  rithe 
fein,  "is  e  so  e.  Co  nach  faodadh  aitlmeach- 
adh  le  'cheum  mòrail,  uasal,  's  mar  a  tha  e 
a'  dliithchadh  orra,  comharraichidh  mi  gu 
soilleir  a  churrachd  dearg  ceart  mar  a  thuirt 
rao  bhaua-mhaighstir.  Ach  is  mithicli  a  bhi 
bogadh  nan  gad'  so  e  'tighinn ! "  Bhog  an 
coileach  a  cheann  mar  fhior  dhuin'  uasal  's 
chuir  e  ftiilte  chridheil  orra.  Arsa  Miiiri, 
agus  i  aig  a*  cheart  am  a'  deanadh  a  beic, 
"Tha  mi  a  Lismòr,  le 'r  cead,  le 'r  cead." 
Thug  an  coileach  an  dara  miolaran  as. — 
"Tha  mi  'dol  d' an  Tigh-Mhòr,  le'r  cead, 
ie'r  cead."  An  treas  uair  thug  e  guileag 
sùnndach  as,  agus  f hreagair  Màiri,  "Uibh- 
ean chearcan  is  gheadh,  ler  cead,  le'r  cead." 
Le  so  leig  e  seachad  i  Einn  i  a  gnothach 
'8  thill  i  gun  'fhaicinn  tuillidh.  An  uair  a 
ràinig  i  dhachaidh    dh'fheòraich  a   bana- 


mhaigstir  cia  mar  a  chaidh  dhi.  "Chaidh 
gu  math  's  gu  ro  mhath,"  "Am  faca  tu  an 
t-Admiral?"  "Is  mi  a  chunnaic, —  an 
t-uasal  grinn,  ciiirteil,  agus  flireagair  mi  a' 
h-uile  ceisd  a  chuir  e  orm,  ged  is  i  Fraingis 
a  labhair  e ! '' 

Mac  Mharcuis. 

Rugha-nam-faoileann,  Ì 
Bealltainn,  1872.      j 


NITHE  NUADH  AGUS  SEAN. 

Chaiuh  botul ;>orfa(V a  thairgse  do  Dhrùbh- 
air-each  Gàidhealach  ma'n  aidioheadh  e  an 
ddigh  dlia  each  a  bh'  aige  a  reic  fiiillinnean  - 
an  ainmhidh.  Chaidh  am  botul  61,  agus  an 
sin  thubhairt  e  nach  robh  ach  da  chron  air  an 
each.  'Nuair  a  leigte  e  niu  sgaoil  bha  e  duil- 
ich  breilh  air,  agus  'n  uair  a  gheibhte  greim 
air  cha  robh  feum  'sam  bith  ann. 

Altachadh  EiRioNNACH  OS  ceann  mir  beag 
de  fheòil  bhruich  agus  griiinnin  de  bhuntb-ta 
beag:— 

O  ihusa  a  bheannaich  na  builliim  'sna  h-eisg 
Nis  seall  air  a'  bheagan  'tha'n  so  'san  dii  mh^is; 
'Sged  nach  'eil  na  buntiita  am  meudachd  ro 

mhòr 
Do  na  h  uile  an  so  biodh  iad  lionrahorgu  leòr; 
Oir  's cinnteach  gu'm  biodh  e  'namhiorbhuil 

as  ùr 
Nan  llonadh  an  cuibhrionn  so  dhuinnearbrù. 

AiR  do  shearmoin  anabarrachdhiùidhteach 
a  bhi  air  a  toirt  seachad  ann  an  Eaglais  a 
mach  air  an  diithaich,  thòisich  an  luchd  èisd- 
eaclid  uile  air  gal  ach  aon  duine.  Dh'fbeòr- 
aicheadh  dheth-san,  de  mar  a  bha  e  cho 
cruaidh  chridheach?  Fhreagair  e  gur  h-anu 
a  bhuineadh  esan  do  sg'ueaclid  eile. 

Thuirt  an  dara  seirbhiseach  ri  'chompan- 
ach  nach  robh  ach  car  mi-chùramach  mu 
'anam,  "car  son  nach 'eil  thu  a'  tasgaidh 
ionmhais  duit  fein  ann  an  Nòamh?"  "Car 
son?  Dd  am  feum  a  tha  ann  a  bhi  a'  gleidh- 
eadh  ionmhais  an  sin  far  nach  faic  duine  e  gu 
briith  tuilleadh." 

'Si  an  dòigh  a's  feiirr  a  chum  cridhe  duine 
a  dhaingneachadh  anaghaidhsgainneilcreid- 
sinn  gu'm  bheil  gach  sgeul  breugach  nach 
bu  choir  a  bhi  fior. 

Bha  da,  uasal  a'  fliilteachadh  a  ch(5ile  gij 
cridheil,  's'gam  moladh  fein  air  son  cho 
stuama 'sa  bha  iad.  "A  nis,  a  charaid,  am 
faca  tu  mise  riamh,"  arsa  aon  diubh,  i'l& 
barrachd  'sa  b'  urrainn  mi  a  ghiùlan?"  "O 
cha'n  fhaca  gu  dearbh,"  ars'  am  fear  eile; 
"ach  shaoil  leam  iomadh  uair  gu'm  b'  fhelirr 
duit  dol  Ah.  uair  air  toir  na  bha  agad. 

Dh'thcoraich  beanuasal  aon  uair  d'a 
Lighiche  co  dhiù  a  bha  snaosain  oronail  do 'a 


124 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


,  Treas  Mlogan  »-Samhaidh,  1872^ 


fantbainn?  "Cha'n'eil,"  ars'  esan,"oir  cha 
doghabhfearaiijan  robh  eanchainn  snaosain 
riamh." 

Shevrmonaich  ininistear  ainmeil  aon 
inbadiiinn  o'n  cheann  teu-jrais?,  ''Tha  sibh 
'n'ur  clann  aisr  an  I)ial)hul,"  agus  an  tloii;b 
inheadhon  latha  o  na  (acail,  "A  chlann,  bith- 
ibh  nmhal  d'  'ur  pJirantan  " 

TiiiiRT  an  Ti-jhcania  Mac  Neill  (Lord 
NelsDU)  "bha  mi  a  phniith  teathramh  na 
h  uaireach  roimh'n  hin,  agus  rinn  e  duine 
dhinin." 

AN    DROBHAIR    Mac  THAMHAIS.* 

So  agail)h  uaiu;h  Phara  Mhic  Thhmbais, 
Drobbair  GJi'lacb— baniis?  jjun  iocbd! 
I?ho'n  Fhdillratbainn  gus  an  Fhdill  Mbiirt- 

ainn 
Lit  cba  bhiodb  Paraiir  fionnar  bho'n  dibh! 
Seacbnaibh  a  choluiiin  a  chnuimheagan 

ptiiteach 
Fòghnaidb  a  fJiileadh  ga'r  fhgail  air  mhisg! 


TiiA  inntinn  mhòr  a'  deanamh  tàir  air 
dioglialtas. 

Cha  'N  'eil  esan  nach  gleidh  run  diomhair 
airidh  air  caraid  a  bhi  aige. 

Na  j)òs  ach  air  son  gaoii;  ach  thoir  an  aire 
nach  gahh  thu  gaol  ach  aircuspair  ionmhuinn. 

Cha'nc  cuibhrionn  beag  de'n  t  sàtan  a 
th'  anns  an  neach  a  tha  'g  ùrnuigh  ri  Dia  agus 
a'  lot  a  chòimhearsnaich. 

Tha  firinn  air  a  breith  leinn;  agus  feum 
aidh  sinn  aineart  a  tlioirt  d'ar  nàdur  mun 
rratb  sinn  dhinn  ar  grlulh  do'n  fhirinn. 


NAIDHEACHDAN. 


piiA  Ard-Sheanaidliean  na  h-Eaglais 
Steidhichte  amis  na  h-Eatilais  Saoire  cruinn 
aig  an  am  àbhaisteacb  an  Duneidinn, — 's  c 
sin  an  deireadli  a"  Cheitein  agns  an  toiseach 
an  Og  mhios.  'S  i  aon  de  na  Oeisdean  a  bii 
chudthromaiche  a  bha  fan  comhair,  Ceisdan 
Fhòghluim.  'Sleir  duinn  gu'm  bheil  e  'nan 
rim  uilc,  lagh  math  air  son  fùgliluim  riogh- 
achdail  fhaotainn  a  dh' Alba;  ach  thaiad'gu 
math  eadar-dhealaichte  'nam  beachdan  a 
thaobh  a'  chruth  a  bu  choir  a  dh'  Achd  Pàr- 
hunaid  air  son  f'-ghluim  rioghachdail  a 
ghabhail.  Tha  buidheann  bheag  anns  an 
Eaglais  Steidhichte  aig  am  bheil  an  t-aon 
bheachd  air  a'  phuinc  ris  an  Eaglais  Chlcir- 

*Hero  lies  Peter  McTavish, 
A  Highland  Dmver.  jind  a  terrible  gavago. 
He  was  always  drunk  and  never  sober. 
From  Fort-William  in  June,  to  Falkirk  In  Octobeit. 
Ye  greedy  worms  beware  cf  his  body. 
For  'twill  make  ynu  drunk  with  whisky  toddy. 

<  Fort  William  and  Falkirk  Cattle  Trysts. 


each  Aonaichte,  agus  ris  a'  bhuidheann  mhòr 
anns  an  Eaglais  Shaoir.  \Si  brigh  seasamh 
na  muinntir  so  gu'm  fhgadh  a'  Phàrlamaid 
aig  Buill  Bhnnl  nan  Sgireachdan  co  dhiubh 
a  bhiodh  am  Biobull  agus  Leabhar-Aith- 
ghearr  nan  Ceisd  air  an  teagasg  anns  na 
Sgoiltibh.  Tha  a'  bhuidheann  mhòr  's  an 
Eaglais  Stt'idhichteagus  a'  bhuidhoannbheag 
'san  Eaglais  Shaoirair  son  gu'mbinaSgoileaa 
Ura  dc  ghnc  nan  Sgoilean  Sgireachd  a  tha 
againn  an  driisd, — gu  'm  hi  iad.  a  thaobh 
teagasg  a'  Bhiobuill  agus  Leabhar-Aith- 
gliearr  nan  Ceisd  agus  nithe  eilo,  cosmhuil 
riu  so.  'S  ann  mar  so  a  bha  gutli  nan  Ard- 
Sheanaidhean  air  a'  phuinc.  agus  a  rcir  so 
chuir  iad  iarrtuis  gus  a'  Phàrlamaid  mu 
dheibhimia'5/;(7/.  ThuamBill  a  nis  gumath 
roimh  'n  Phiirlamaid,  agus  tha  dòchas  math 
d'  a  thaobh  gu  'n  tig  e  roimhe. 

A  thaobh  Ceisd  an  Aonaidh  's  an  Eaglais- 
Shaoir  thug  an  t-Ard-Sheanadh  air  a'" 
bhliadlma  so  breith  a  rcir  a'  chursa  a  bha 
air  a  ghabhail  le  Ard-Sheanaidhean  nam 
bliadhnaehan  a  chaidh  seachad; — 's  e  sia 
gu'm  blieil  an  taobh  mòr  a'  leantuinn  air  an. 
aghaidh,  ged  nach 'eil  iad  a'  do!  cho  bras^ 
leis  an  aon  rim,  's  ag  oibreachadh  gu  s'mih- 
ach  cinnteach  chum  na  h-aon  chriche, — gu'm. 
bi  Aonadh  ann,  agus  nach  bi  ro  fhada  thuige. 
A  chum  na  criche  so  bha  da  ni  a  bha  ro- 
fheumail  ri  'n  oidhirpeachadh.  An  toiseach. 
bha  e  iomchuidh  gu  n  gabhadh  iad  air 
mliodh  an  t-Iomradh  a  tling  an  Comuun 
Sùnruichte  air  an  Aonadh  a  steach.  Anns 
an  lomradh  so  bha  c  air  a  mholadh  m.ir  ni 
ro  ionmhiaunaic'hte  gu  in  biodh  cead  air  a 
thoirt  do  na  h-Eaglaisean  fa  leth  gairmean  a 
thoirt  seachad  am  measg  a  cheile ;  's  c  sin. 
gu'm  faodadh  coimhthional  anns  an  Eaglais 
Shaoir  gairm  a  thoirt  do  mhinisteir  anns  an 
Eaglais  Chlcirich  Aonaichte.  Ghabh  an 
Eaglais  Chleireach  Aonaichte  ris  an  ni 
cheana;  agus  tha  an  Eaglais  Shaor  air  a' 
ghnothuch  a  chur  gus  na  Cleiribh  air  fad 
feadh  na  rioghachd  chum  am  beachd  agus 
an  guth  fliaotainn  air  a'  phuinc  roimh  'n  ath 
Ard-Slieanadh.  B'e  an  dnra  ni  oidhirp  a 
thoirt  air  an  Eaglais  Steidhichte  a  dhi- 
stcidhcachadh.  Rinn  an  t-Olla  Rainy  gluas- 
ad  air  a'  phuinc  air  son  an  d'  thug  a'  mhòr 
chuid  an  guth.  Oir  tha  iad  ag  amharc  air 
cho  fad  agus  a  bhitheas  an  Eaglais  Steidh- 
ichte  mar  a  tha  i  gu  'm  bi  an  taobh  beag 
'san  Eaglais  Shaoir  a'  scalbuiim  rithe  le 
sùil  chaoin,  bli\s  cridhe,  agus  theagamh  air 
son  cuideachadh  uaipe,  no  aonadh  rithe  fa- 
dhcòidh.     Ma  'n  tachradh  an  ni  mu  dheir- 


Treas  Mìosan  t-Samhraidh,  ] 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


12^ 


eadh  so  bhiodh  aa  t.seann  Ea^Iais  Albann 
ach  ni  bii  treise  na  an  fheadliainn  nach  'ei 
Steidbichte  ged  bhiodh  iad  ah-  fad  'nan  aon. 

Tha  an  Eaglais  Steidhichte  air  an  làimh 
eile  '£r  a  neartachadh  agns  'g  a  h-athleasach 
adh  fc'in  mar  a's  fearr  is  iirrainn  di.  Mar 
a's  niù  a  theid  aice  air  so  a  dheanamh  's  ann 
a's  dorra  do  chàch  a  tilgeadh  sios. 

Le  bàs  an  011a  Urramaich,  Tormoid  Mac 
Leòid,  ministear  a'  Bharony  an  Glaschu, 
chain  Eaglais  na  h-Alba  an  t-aon  a  b'ainm 
eile  d'  a  ministeiribh.  Kugadh  e  am  Baile 
Choann-Loch  an  Ceanntìre  's  a'  bhliadhna 
1812,  'nuair  a  bha  'athair,  "Oaraid  nan 
Gàidheal,"  'n  a  mhinistear  ann.  Fhuair  e 
'fhòglilum  an  Glaschu,  an  Duneidinn,  is 
anns  a'  Gbermailt.  B'  e  fear  de  'n  fheadh. 
ainn  a  tha  air  an  sònruchadh  gu  bhi  'sear- 
nionachadh  do  'n  Bhan-righ'nn,  air  an  robh 
c  fior  eùlach  agus  aig  an  robh  mòr  mheas 
air.  Shiubhail  e  as  a'  bheatha  so  air  an 
16mh  L\  deug  de  dhara  mios  an  t-sanihraidh, 
'se  tri  fichead  bliadhna  dh'aois.  Tha  mòran 
caoidh  air  feadli  na  rioghachd  air  fad,  agus 
gu  sònruichte  ann  an  Glaschu.  Bha  e  ainm- 
cil  mar  Albannach  treun,  tapaidh,  le  ceud- 
fathan  mora,  feadh  an  t-saoghail  air  fad. 
'S  fad'  mu  'n  faicear  a  leithid  'n  ar  measg  a 
rithis.  Fhad  's  a  bha  e  beò  bha  aig  na 
Gàidheil  aon  neach  ainmeil  d'  an  cinrxeadh 
fein  as  am  feudadh  iad  le  ceartas  niòr  uaill 
a  dhcanarah. 

A  thaobh  Ceisd  na  h-Alabaraai  tha  na 
c(jirichean  neo-chuiraseach  air  son  an  robh 
n.-^  Stàidean  Aonaichte  a'  tagradh  an  ti\s  ri 
bhi  air  an  leigcadh  seachad.  Le  so  tha  an 
cnap-storra  a  bu  mho  eadar  sinn  fein  agus 
na  Sti'iidean  air  a  thoirt  as  an  rathad. 

DAN 
MU  BHAS  Chailein  Chaimbeil  triath 

CHLUAIDH. 

Tha  airm  an  laoich  fo  mheirg  'san  tiir; 
Chòmhdaich  ùir  an  cuiaidh  treun; 
Bhuail  air  Alaba  speach  as  ur: 
A  feachd  tròm,  tùrsach.  'sileadh  dheur. 
Mu  Ghaisgeach  Ghaidheil  nan  siir  bheairt, 
Fo  ghlais  a  bhài^,  mar  dhùil  gun  toirt: 
Triath  na  Cluaidh  bu  bhuadhaich  feairt; 
Ga  chaoidh  gu  tròm,  le  cridhe  goirt. 
Air  oidhche  's  mi  m'  laidhe  'm  shuain, 
'S  mo  smuaintean  air  luath's  na  dreig; 
Uair  agam.  'sa'  n  sin  uam  ; 
Bhruadair  ml  'bhi  shuas  air  creig. 
Thoir  leam  gu  'n  robh  teachd  'nam  choir, 


Fo  bhratach  bhroin  de  shròl  dubh 
Sar  mhaighdean  mhaiseach,  mhòr; 
Tiamhaidh,  leont'bha  ceòl  a  guth. 
Mar  dhrillseadh  reult,  bha  gorm  shiiil; 
A  glan  ghnuis  cho  geal  's  an  sneachd; 
Bha  fait  donn  air  sniorah  mu  'cùl: — 
Tiugh  chiabha  dluth  nan  iomadh  dath. 
M'a  ceann  bha  clogaid  do  dh-f  hior  chruaidh 
Ri  barr  bha  dualach  o'n  each  ghlas;  ' 

A  laimh  dheas,  chum  sleagh  na  buaidh;- 
Ciaidheamh  truailte,  suas  ri  'leis. 
Sgiath  chopach,  obair  sheòlt', 
Le  mòrchuis  'na  laimh  chli. 
Luireach  mhailleach,  greist'  le  h-òr, — 
Bu  chomhdach  do  uighean  righ. 
Laidh  leoghaiin  garg,  gu  stuama  stòlt' 

Mar  chaithir  dhi-modhair  fo  reachd: 

Chuir  leth-ghuth  o  beul  seòlt 

A  bheisd  fo  shamhchair,  's  fo  thur  smachd. 

Ghrad  phlosg  mo  chridlie  'nam  chòm, 

Fo  uarahas  a's  trom  gheilt, — 

Rinn  rosg  tlath  o'n  ribhinn  rium, 

Fuadachadh  lom  air  m"  oilt. 

Chrom  mi  sios  le  mòr  mheas 

Is  dhiosraich  mi  do  threin  na  mais', 

Cia  fàth  mu  n  robh  a  hairm  na  'n  cries; 

Mar  shonu  'chum  sgii(is,  a  deanamh  deaa. 

Ged  'bha  a  gnuis  mar  òigh  fo  Ion, 

No  ainnir  og  'chuir  gaol  fo  chràdh, 

Sheall  i  rium  le  plathadh  bruin, 

Measgta  le  mòralachd  is  gradh, 

Lasaich  air  mo  gheilte  'a  m'  f  hiamh ; 

'N  uair  labhair  i  'm  briathraibh  ciùin: — 

"A  Ghaidheil  aosda,  ghlas  do  chiabh 

Mar  cheatharnach  a  liath  le  ùin. 

Triallaidh  tu  mar  'rinn  do  sheòrs' 

Chum  talla  fuar,  reòt'  a  bhàis; 

Eisd  guth  binn  na  deagh  sgeòil, 

'Toirt  cuireadh  glòir  ri  latha  grais. 

Bha  agam-sa  curaidh  treun — 

Gun  chomhalt  fo  'n  ghrein  'am  beairt: 

Ceannard  armailt  na'  mòr  euchd 

Thug  buaidh  's  gach  streup,  le  ceill  thar 

neart. 
Och  mo  leireadh,  beud  a  leon 

reatuinu  comhladh  le  'trom  lot: 
O'n  Bhan-righ  'chum  an  duil  gun  treoir — 
Uile  còinhdaicht'  le  bròn-bhrat. 
Chain  m'  armailt  ceannard  corr, 
Air  nàmh  'sa'  chòmh-strì  toradh  grath: 
Mar  dhealan  speur  na  'n  deigh  's  an  toir; 
Bhiodh  cosgairt  leontach  'n  coir  a  chath, 
Air  thus  nan  Gaidheal,  'stiùireadh  streup;. 
Mar  fhireun  speur,  'an  geuraid  beachd; 
Gaisg'  leoghann  garg,  'measg  bheathach 
frith. 


126 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


Treas  Miog  an  t-Samhraidh,  1872. 


Chad'  gheill  's  an  t  srith,  a  dh-aindeoin 
'  "T:;  feachd. 

Cha  chualas  ceannard  a  thug  barr 
An  teas  a  bhlur  air  sàr  iian  euchd:  j 

Misneach  fhoirfidli,  'an  ffleachd  nan  àr;        i 
'Tròm  acain  bais,  o  chiadh  nan  creuchd. 
Do  Ghaidheil  ghaisgeil,  misneach  chorr  { 

'Am  builsgein  còmliraig,  mor  na'm  beachd:  ! 
A'  toirt  na  buaidh  'sa  cosnadh  glMr,  I 

A  dh-aindeoin  seòl  a's  mòrachd  feachd. 
Mar  chogadh  Oscar  fl;ithail.  garg  ; 
'Us  Conn  'na  fheirg  a  dol  's  an  spairn; 
Le  Diarmad  donn  a  thuit  's  an  t-sealg, 
'San  Sonn  a  mharbh  an  Garbh-mac-Staim. 
Gach  buaidh  'bha  annta  sud  gu  leir; 
An  neart,  an  trein,  an  gleus,  's  am  muhn — 
Bha  chii  a  Chaimbeulaich  dha  'n  reir, 
'S  'dol  thart  an  eifeachd  anns  gach  tuirn. — 
Ciuin  mar  mhaighdeann  ghràidh  'san  t-sith; 
Uasal,  siobhalt,  min  'am  beus, 
Gaisgeil,  gargant,  crosg  'san  t-sri; 
Le  cumhachd  righ  'cur  feachd  air  ghleus. 
Fhuair  e  urram  anns  gach  ceum, 
Thaobh  barrachd  euchd,  'an  streup  nan  lann. 
Rinn  d'  ar  rioghachd  'n  a  feum, 
Air  thoiseach  thrt^in-fhir  thir  nam  beann. 
'S  na  h-Innsean  thug  e  buaidh  ro  mhòr, 
Le  'iùil  's  le  seoltachd  'dol  thar  neart: 
Threòraich  e  na  brataich  shroil, 
""Sa'  chomhraig  anns  bu  ghlòir-mhor  beairt. 
C  aite  'n  cualas  sparradh  cath 
Bu  bhuadhaich  sgath  na  Alma  dhearg? — 
Fuil  a's  cuirp  air  beinn  'sair  srath 
N'  a  milltean  sreath,  fo  'n  laoch  na  fhearg, 
Fbuair'  o  'n  rioghachd  meas  'us  gloir 
Anns  gach  doigh  mar  thòs-fhear  cath: 
Dhiol  ar  Ban-righ  mar  bu  choir 
Dha  onair  oirdhearg  'measg  nam  ilath. 
Triath  Chluaidh  nam  fuar  shruth, 
"Mu  'n  cualas  guth  an  Oisein  bhinn, 
A'  caoidh  nan  saoidh,  'ruith  dheur  gu  tiugh 
Bha  mòralach  'an  talla  Fhinn, 
Ohairmeadh  air  an  uisge  'n  sonn 
Mar  agh  nan  glonn  bu  bhonndail  coir; — 
Cho  fad  'e  a  bhuaileas  creag  an  tonn, 
'S  air  uachdar  fonn  'bhios  fas  an  f  heoir." 
Chriochnaich  sgeul  an  ainnir  mhoir, 
Mu  euchdan  gloirmhor  an  laoich  threun  ; 
Mhosgail  mi  a  m'  shuain  le  bròn ; 
A'  sileadh  dheòir  gu  'm  b"  f  hior  an  sgeul. 
A  Ghaidheil  Ghjaschu,  sliochd  nan  sonn, 
A  dhfhuadaiche  ?dh  o  thir  nam  beann ; 
Da  'n  dual  le  coir  an  sruth  "s  am  fonn ; — 
Dhuibhse  coÌ6rige;im  mo  rann. 
8ibhs'  da  'n  dealaidh  am  priomh  shar, 
'S  gach  euchd  'thug  barr  'rinn  Gaidheil 
riarah  ; 


Ri  stiiiireadh  feachd  san  gleachd  nam  blàr 
Bhiodh  buaidh  na  laraich  sàilt'  ri  'ghniomh. 
Dearbliaibh  gur  sibh  a\  nan  treun, 
Ginealach  do  reir  nan  sonn; 
A  bhuanaich  cliii  thar  sliochd  fo  'n  ghrein, 
'Am  blar  nam  beum  's  an  streup  nan  tonn. 
Cumaibh  cuimhn'  air  laoch  an  airm 
A  ghairmeadh  air  an  abhainn  Cluaidh 
'S  a'  meall  e  urram  'theid  a  sheirm 
'S  gach  linn  le  toirm  ri  sgeul  a  bhuaidh. 
AoNGHAs  Mac-Dhòmhnuill. 


SOP  AS  GACH  SETD. 
Millidh  aire  iasad. 
Ceilidh  gràdh  grìiin. 
Thig  math  a  mulad. 
Se  farmad  a  ni  treabhadh. 
Ceisd  bradaig  air  briagaig. 
Dean  fanaid  air  do  sheanu  bhrògan. 
Cha  robh  miann  dithis  air  aon  inhdis. 
Dean  do  gharadh  far  an  d'  rinn  thu  t'  fhuar- 

achadh. 
Ge  cruaidh  sgarachduinn,  cha  robh  dithis 

gun  dealachadh. 
'Stric  a  bha  claidhearah  math  an  droch 

thruaill. 
Ged  dignichear  an  sean-fhocal,  cha  bhreug- 

aichear  e. 
'S  feUrr  a  bhi  leasg  gu  ceannach.  no  righinn 

gu  piiidheadh. 
Comhairle  caraid  gun  iarruidh  cha  d'fhuair 

i  riamh  am  meas  bu  choir. 
Cha  tig  an  cota  glas  cho  math  do  na  huile 

fear. 
"S  duiUch  triubhas  a  thoirt  o  thòin  luiui. 
'  Biodh  iadsaa  a'  bruidhinn  'sbithidh  na 
I     h  uibhean  againne. 
Chain  e'm  baiie  thall  's  cha  do  bhuinig  e'm 

baile  bhos. 
Mar  thuirt  Clag  Sciiin,  an  rud  nach  buin 
duit  na  buin  da. 

'"A  chailleach,  an  gabh  thu  an  righ?' 
'Cha  ghabh  o  nach  gabh  e  mi'" 
B'  fheiirr  greim  caillich  na  tarruing  laoicb. 
"Gaoth  a  dea.s,  teas  is  toradh; 
Gaoth  an  iar,  iasg  is  bainne; 
Qaoth  a  tuath,  fuachd  is  feannadb; 
Gaotli  an  ear,  meas  air  chrannaibh." 
Cha  bhi  torn  no  tulach, 
No  cnocan  buidhe  feurach; 
Nach  bi  seal  gu  subhach, 
Is  seal  gu  dubhach,  deuracb. 


TOIMHSEACHAIN. 


Theid  e  null  air  abhainn, 
'S  thig  e  nail  air  abhainn, 
'S  gearraidh  e  'm  feur, 
'S  cha  'n  ith  se  e. 


Tteas  Mios  an  t-Samhraidh,  1 


AN  GAIDHEAL.- 


12! 


2.  Botlian  beag  is  solus  as 
'S  a  dhà  dhorus  dùinte. 

3.  Oiseag  bheag,  bliioracli, 
'S  a  mionach  slaodadh  rithe. 

4.  Muc  dhiibh  a  steadi  an  dorus, 
'S  cnùimli  duine  'n  a  beul. 

5.  Bha  i'n  Eirinn,  's  bha  i  'n  Eos, 
'S  bha  i  's  a'  blieinn  eibhinn  chais, 
'S  bithidh  i  's  a'  bhaile  so  'n  nochd, 

Bean  a  rinn  crios  m'  a  cois. 

6.  BÒ  mliaol  odliar  air  an  tràigh, 
'S  laogh  'n  a  gobbal  's  i  gun   dàir. 

Y.'^Theid  mi  do'nbheinn,  a  chromada  cbruim, 
'S  cha  'n  'eil  anns  a'  choill,  a  chromada 

cbruim, 

Nacb  leag  mi  lem'  dhruim,  a  chromada 
cbruim. 

8.  Cha  mbac  peathar  no  bràthar  dhomh  e, 
Cha  mbac  athar  no  màthar  dhomh  e, 
Ach  's  i  mo  mhàthair-se, 

'Bu  mliàthàir  do  mhàthair  an  flileas- 
gaich. 
De  'n  càirdeas  a  bh  'aice  ris? 

9.  Slat  chaol,  chaol, 

Ann  an  taobh  tigh  an  tuairnir, 
'S  cha  'n  *eil  air  an  t-saoghal, 
Na  db'  fhaodas  a  gluasad. 


10.  Tha  toimhseachan  agam  ort, 

Cha  'ne  d'  fliionnadh,  's  cha  'n  e  d'  fhalt. 
No  aon  a  bhallaibh  do  chuirp; — 
Tha  e  ort  's  cha  tomhais  thu  e. 

Fkeagairtean  do  na  Toimhseachain  anns 
ii'  cheathramh  Aireamh  do'N  Ghaidheal, 

1.  Poit. 

2.  Ceo. 

g.  Gunna. 

4.  Na  Tonnan. 

5.  Am  Bàs. 

6.  Am  Bogha-frois. 

7.  Litir. 

8.  Loinid. 

9.  Clair  Tuba. 

10.  A'  chlach-steidh. 

11.  Cii  air  an  robh  "Idir"  mar  ainm. 

12.  Uisge-beatha. 


FKEAGAIRTEAN. 

Do  I.  Mac  Mharah.— Bidh  "Freagradh 
Gaoir'  do  "Fhiiilte  Gaoii"  "Liudh  nan 
Gleann"  'san  ath  Aireimh. 

Do  M.  Mac  M.— Bha  e  'n  a  aobhar  gearain 
leinn  fein  cuideachd  nach  d'  thhinig  Am 
Gaidheal  a  mach  ni  bu  luaithe.  Bidh  e  an 
km  as  a  dhcigh  so. 


DUANAN     BEGIN 

Air  Bàs  Tliormaid  'ic  Leuid. 

A  Leòdaich  Urraniaicli  'bu  bliinne  cliii 

'Tha  nis  an  diithaich  anns  nach  rioghaich  piau 

Tha  clann  nam  Fiann  'g  ad  chaoidh  le  deuraibh  fial'  • 

Tha  'n  gearan  cian  air  son  mar  chuir  thu  ciil 

Ri  saogh'l  neo-chiiiin,  's  nach  dion  thu  iad  o  thnii 

Nan  Gall  ni 's  mo !     Do  chridhe  gaoil  bha  riamh 
A'  lionadh  thairis  le  f ior  sheirc,  's  le  miann 

Air  math  do  chach.     Dhearrs  thu  mar  shoillse  iiiil 

Troimh  shaoghai  dubhrach  's  am  bheil  stiùradh  dall. 
Tha  thusa  thall,  'sis  faoin  ar  cumha  guil; — 

Trom  sgàile  thuit ;  's  cha  teid  ar  fradharc  fann 

Troimh  'n  doille  thruim  'tha  'snàmh  os  ceann  na  tuil'; 

A^  pàilliun  corporr'  dh'  iadh  thu  troimh  'n  blirat-roinu 
Gu  tir  nan  spiorad  's  am  bheil  caoidh  air  sgur. 

Niall  Mac  Neil 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


Treas  Mios  an  t-Samhraidh,  1872: 


EILEAN     AN     FHRAOIOH. 

Tha  Leògbiis  bheag  riabhach, — bba  i  riamh  's  an  Taobh  Tuath, 
Muir  tràgbaidh  is  lionaidb  'g  a  h-iadbadh  mu  'u  cuairt; 
'Nuair  a  dbearrsas  a'  gbrian  oirr'  le  riagbladb  o  sbuas 
Bheir  i  fas  air  gacb  siol  air  son  biadb  db'  an  an  t-sluagb. 

FoNN: — A  cbiall  nacb  mise  'bha'n  Eilean  an  Fbraoicb! 

Nam  fiadb,  nam  bradan,  nam  feadag,  'snan  naosg! 
Nan  locban,  nan  tòban,  nan  òsan  'snan  caol — 
Eilean  inuis  nam  bo,  's  àite-còmbnuidb  nan  laoch ! 

An  t-Eilean  ro  mbaiseacb,  gur  pailt  ann  am  biadb; 
'Se  Eilean  a's  àillt'  air 'n  do  dbealraicb  a'  gbrian; 
'S  e  Eilean  mo  gbràidbs'  e,  bba  'Gbàilig  ann  riamh; 
'S  cba  'n  fbalbli  i  gu  bràtb  as  gu  'n  traigli  an  Cuan  Siar! 

'N  am  èiridh  na  grèine  air  a  sblèibbtibb  bidh  ceo, 
Bidh  'bhanaracb  ghuanach  's  a'  bbuaracli  'n  a  dorn 
Ri  gabbail  a  duanaig  's  i  'g  uallacb  nam  bo 
'S  mac-talla  nan  creag  ri  toirt  freagairt  d'  a  ceòl. 

Air  feasgar  an  t-samliraidh  bidh  stinnt  air  gacb  sprèidh ; 
Bidb  'cbutbag  is  fonn  oirr'  ri  òran  di  fein; 
Bidh  uiseag  air  Ion  agus  smeòracb  air  geig, 
'S  air  cnuic  ghlas'  is  leòidean  uain  òga  ri  leum. 

Gacb  duine  'bba  riamb  ann  bba  ciatamb  ac'  dba, 
Gacb  ainmbidb  air  sliabh  ann,  cba  'n  iarr  as  gu  bràtli; 
Gacb  ian  'tbòid  air  sgiatb  ann  bu  mbiann  leis  ann  tàmh ; 
'S  bu  mbiann  le  gacb  iasg  a  bbi  'cliatbadh  ri  'tbràigb. 

Nam  faigbinn  mo  dbiiracbd  's  e  'liiiginn  bbi  og, 
'S  gun  gbnotliach  aig  aois  rium  fbad  's  a  db'  fhaodainn  bbi  beò; 
Bbi  'n  am  bhuacbaiH'  air  àiridb  fo  sbàil  nam  beann  mòr' 
'M  bad  's  am  faigbinn  an  càis'  's  bainne  blàtli  air  son  oil. 

Cha'n  fbacas  air  talamb  leam  sealladb  a's  bòidbcb' 

Na  'gbrian  a'  dol  sios  air  taobb  siar  Eilean  Leògbais; 

'N  crodh-laoidh  anns  an  luacbair,  's  am  buacbaill'  'u  an  tòir, 

'G  an  tional  gu  airidb  le  àl  de  laoidb  òg'. 

Air  feasgar  a'  gbeambraidb  tbdid  tionndadh  gu  gniomh 
Ri  toirt  eòlais  do  cblainn  bidb  gacb  seann  duine  liatb; 
Gach  iasgair  le  'sbnàtbaid  ri  càradb  a  lion, 
Gacb  nigliean  ri  cardadh  's  a  màthair  ri  sniomli. 

B'e  mo  mbiann  bbi  's  na  badan  's  'na  cbleacbd  mi  bbi  òg, 
Ri  direadb  nan  creag  anns  an  neadaicb  na  b-eòin ; 
O'n  thàinig  mi  'Gblascbo  tha  m'  aigueadh  fo  bhròn, 
'S  mi  'call  mo  chuid  claistneachd  le  glagraich  nan  òrd. 

M.  MacLeòid. 


ENGLISH  DEPARTMENT. 


JULY,    1872. 


BILINGUAL   PREACHING 

AND  ANTI-GAELIC  PREJUDICES. 

It  has  been  poetically  observed,  that 
"a  little  learning  is  a  dangerous 
thing:"  and  we  are  indeed  very  fain  to 
thank  the  poet  for  having  chiselled  out 
so  faultlessly  a  caution  destined  to  be 
so  serviceable  to  erring  humanity. 
This  line  alone  might  be  sufficient  to  pre- 
serve among  the  names  of  the  immor- 
tals that  of  the  peevish  author  of  the 
poetical  Essay  on  Criticism.  The  appli- 
cation of  its  teaching,  with  the  view  of 
putting  people  on  their  guard,  would 
be  highly  useful  in  dealing  with  many 
of  the  utterances  of  the  public  oracles 
of  our  day.  The  youtli  of  the  third 
quarter  of  the  nineteenth  century  have 
very  great  need  of  having  this  observa- 
tion dinned  into  their  ears  in  season 
and  out  of  season ;  they  have  become 
— the  blessed  heavens  deliver  us ! — so 
utterly  and  lamentably  unconscious  of 
the  superficial  habits  of  tlieir  intellec- 
tual being  •  Nevertheless,  the  young 
man  of  the  period  is  learnedly  pretend- 
ing; he  is  even  occasionally  colossal  in 
his  apparent  capacity  of  dealing  with 
many  questions  which  are  truly  mo- 
mentous. His  quick  wit  and  ready 
tongue,  voluble  in  many  terms  of  whose 
exact  meaning  he  is  never  aware,  must 
busy  themselves  with  every  mortal 
thing.  And  he  is  particularly  eloquent 
in  the  expression  of  his  thoughts  on 
such  sacred  questions  as  the  inspiration 
of  Holy  Writ,  which  he  summarily  dis- 
proves by  reference  to  the  contradic- 
tions of  the  sacred  writers  and  to  the 
conflicting  opinions  of  preachers.     In- 


quire for  the  source  of  his  light  on 
the  subject,  and  he  refers  to  some  stere- 
otyped dicta  of  Dean  Stanley,  Colenso, 
"VVilkie  ColHns,  or  Dickens !  This  is  a 
specimen  of  the  youth  whose  critical 
and  gesthetic  education  has  been  fed  on 
detached  newspaper  crumbs;  whose  " 
knowledge,  if  anything  he  has,  deserves 
that  designation,  consists  of  an  undi- 
gested, uuassimilated  "cram"  which  he 
has  plucked  from  the  pages  of  some  Tn- 
formation  for  the  People.  His  whole  sys- 
tem of  learning  is  based  on  an  element 
of  Popular  Delusions.  One  would 
think,  however,  that  the  newspaper 
press  where  talent  and  common-sense 
generally  exist,  would  despise  to  treat 
subjects  of  earnest  and  sacred  import- 
ance after  the  fashion  of  the  superficial 
young  man  of  the  period.  Such  is  not 
the  case.  Questions  of  religion,  and 
especially  those  of  ecclesiastical  interest 
are  jestingly  dealt  with,  and  settled  in 
a  hollow,  unthinking  style,  so  that  their 
very  solemnity  is  made  to  appear  ridic- 
ulous. Where,  above  all,  subjects  of 
sacred  and  Celtic  interest  arise  blended 
or  combined  together,  then  very  insan- 
ity and  stark  recklessness  parade 
themselves  before  our  vision — even 
the  very  stars  begin  to  wander !  High- 
land Theology,  Highland  Preachers, 
Highland  Church-Government,  High- 
land Life,  and  finally,  the  unfor- 
tunate Celt  himself  have,  whenever 
the  least  opportunity  offers,  their 
several  characteristics  sportingly  criti- 
cised and  condemned  as  narrow,  fanati- 
cal, and  not  in  harmony  with  the 
progressive  spirit  of  this  practical 
enhghtened  age.  The  abiding  frequency 


130 


THE  GAEL. 


July,  1B72. 


of  this  style  of  superficial  criticism  has 
been  the  general  cause  of  our  remarks 
at  present;  but  the  particular  one, 
is  a  recent  article  in  Tiie  Glasgow 
Herald  on  "  The  Free  Church  High- 
landers of  Dunoon  and  the  Gaelic  Lan- 
guage." 

It  is  an  unfortunate  as  Avell  as  an 
unpleasant  conclusion  to  the  famous 
Dunoon  case,  that  the  original  authors 
of  the  wrangling  are  left  sorrowfully 
exclaiming  Avith  the  Herald,  that  "Gae- 
lic will  not  entirely  die  away  in  Dunoon 
while  the  second  Free  Church  Congre- 
gation exists  to  bear  testimony  for  it 
and  in  it."  It  is  a  great  pity  that 
Gaelic  in  this  thriving  town  has  been 
permitted  to  live  a  little  longer  in  this 
particular  way.  This  town  thrives — 
and,  lest  progress,  prosperity,  and  Gaelic 
appear  to  have  any  natural  affinity,  let 
the  latter  be  stamped  out, — all  traces 
of  the  town's  Celtic  iDre-existence  be 
swept  out  of  the  way !  Men  like  our- 
selves, into  whose  bones  and  sinews  it 
has  entered,  are  not  at  all  vexed  that 
Gaelic  in  Dunoon  has  not  been  sent  to  the 
very  grave  by  its  late  oppressors,  where 
it  might  sleep  in  the  ashes  of  its  kin- 
dred Celtic  productions.  Long  may 
itself  and  the  Free  Church  Highlanders 
of  Dunoon  live  ere  they  finally  visit 
the  tombs  of  their  fathers !  It  is  really 
a  great  grievance  to  the  Herald  and  all 
other  ill-wishers  of  the  Gaelic,  that  it 
has  survived  as  living  evidence  of  Cel- 
tic existence.  Should  the  living  Gaelic, 
however,  cease  to  be,  the  fond  hopes  of 
the  Herald,  seeing  all  traces  of  Celtic 
disappear  would  not  be  realised.  Still 
the  Rev.  Mr.  Macmorran  would  be  left, 
and  such  like.  In  this  veritable  3fac- 
morran,  though  destitute  of  the  lingual 
proof,  is  found  a  living  monument  of 
Celtic  influence,  even  in  him  a  trace  of 
Celtic  life  survives.  Even  after  the 
Gaelic  is  dead  and  buried — after  its 
fabric  has  vanished — much  "  rack"  is 
left  behind;  Dvnoon  itself,  and  the 
names  of  the  very  hills  will  continue 


to    speak    the    ancient    language    of 
Caledonia. 

But  one  of  the  objects  of  the  Herald's 
most  venomous  shafts  is  ''  the  sort  of 
cross-bred  preacher,  who  thunders  in 
Gaelic  in  the  forenoon  and  twaddles  in 
broken  English  in  the  afternoon;"  he 
does  "  not  quite  suit  the  taste  of  this, 
(the  English  Free  Church  people  of 
wealth  residing  at  Dunoon,)  which  is 
the  wealthier  and  more  numerous  por- 
tion of  the  congregation.  At  a  fit 
opjwrfìnrifì/,  an  English-speaking  cler- 
gyman was  appointed.  The  Celtic 
language  had  nearly  died  out.  Why 
maintain  a  useless  recognition  of  it  by 
Gaelic  sermons?  Those  who  argued 
thus  miscalculated  the  strength  of  the 
Highlanders.  They  objected,  they  pro- 
tested, they  appealed,  they  determined 
to  open  a  place  of  worship  of  their 
own,  and,  if  need  be,  start  a  new  sect, 
having  for  its  dominant  doctrine  the 
beauty  and  necessity  of  Gaelic  preach- 
ing." It  is  difficult  to  deal  patiently 
or  seriously  Avith  statements  so  unfair, 
so  unworthy  of  an  educated  mind  as 
the  above.  It  is  only  a  specimen  of 
the  undermining  style  in  which  the 
press  deals  with  many  vital  questions. 
It  is  the  legitimate  offspring  of  that 
uncircumcised  Philistinism  which  has 
been  so  long  nursed  in  the  bosom 
of  English  literature;  and  against 
which  the  true-bred,  finely-tuned  Eng- 
lish mind  of  our  day  raises  its  unavail- 
ing voice.  The  cross-bred  preacher  has 
really  many  enemies  to  encounter;  not 
only  has  he  to  meet  and  grapple  with 
the  great  adversary  with  his  legions  of 
roaring  young  lions,  and  all  the  other 
spiritual  foes  of  humanity,  but  he  has 
to  defend  himself  from  the  modern 
Philistines  who  set  themselves  in  oppo- 
sition to  all  real  or  tran^ccndeidal  reno- 
vation of  the  world.  These  same  Phil- 
istines never  pay  their  respects  to  the 
beautiful ;  they  merely  concern  them- 
selves with  things  that  are  of  the 
earth,  earthy.     And  many  a  terrible 


Juij,  1872. 


THE  GAEL. 


131 


onset  they  make  on  the  bilingual 
preaching  of  the  Highlander.  But 
the  attack  is  not  always  successful. 
In  the  present  instance  it  has  been 
signally  unfortunate.  The  bilingual 
preaching,  which  the  Dunoon  people 
have  been  accustomed  to  for  a  genera- 
tion or  two  back,  must  have  been  of  no 
inferior  species.  They  enjoyed  for  a 
long  time  the  services  of  a  learned 
father  and  even-going  divine,  whom 
even  Free  Church  Philistines  delighted 
to  raise  many  years  ago  to  the  dignity 
of  Moderatorsliip  of  the  Free  Churcli 
Assembly. — We  refer  to  the  Rev.  Dr. 
Macintosh  Mackay,  whose  perfect 
shapeliness  of  body,  and  general  fiue 
physical  appearance,  along  with  gentle- 
manly, highly  dignified  bearing,  used  to 
attract,  when  he  stood  in  the  Free 
Church  pulpit  of  Dunoon,  the  admiring 
attention  of  the  nobly  born.  His  ser- 
mons, on  the  other  hand,  whether 
delivered  in  the  sonorous  language  of 
Ban  Macintyre,  or  in  the  sharp  hissing 
tongue  of  Shakespeare,  always  partook 
of  the  excellent,  whether  we  consider 
the  matter,  the  style,  the  manner,  mode 
of  utterance,  or  accuracy  of  pronuncia- 
tion. Is  it  possible  that  a  man  of  a 
different  stamp  would  be  so  honoured  by 
high  and  low,  Gall  and  Gael,  at  home 
and  abroad,  as  he  has  been  ?  Is  it  possi- 
ble that,  in  an  Assembly  in  the  Scottish 
Capital  where  you  meet  on  such  occa- 
sions with  the  Hower,  the  wealth,  the 
chivalry,  and  the  learning  of  all  the 
land,  the  fashionable  lady  whose  ear  is 
so  finely-strung  as  to  distinguish  the 
sounds  of  the  various  breezes,  or  the 
lawyer  who' has  devoted  years  to  the 
acquisition  of  faultless  accent  and 
accurate  English  pronunciation,  or 
the  lady  and  lord  of  high  degree, 
would  endure  for  a  moment  the  tor- 
ture of  listening  to  "  twaddle  in 
broken  English"  from  the  Moderator's 
chair?  The  thought  of  the  possibility 
of  such  is  simply  harrowing  to  the 
feeling.     Now  the  fact  that  Dr.  Mac- 


Kay,  a  Gaelic-speaking  Celt,  once 
occupied  the  Moderator's  chair,  leaves 
no  reasonable  ground  of  existence  for 
the  Herald's  exulting  sneer.  The  late 
Dr.  Calder  Macintosh,  the  last  Gaelic- 
speaking  minister  the  Dunoon  people 
had,  was  no  common-place  man.  He, 
the  man  of  cultured  intellect,  of  refined 
feeling,  of  piety,  and  of  holy  unction, 
was  as  capable  of  appreciating  the  true, 
the  beautiful  and  the  good,  in  the 
highest  sense  of  the  terms,  as  the 
Herald  has  hitherto  proved  itself  to  be. 
And  this  mind  of  his  would  make  itself 
known  and  felt  in  English. 

Other  Gaelic-speaking  ministers  have 
been,  and  are,  who  have  shown  them- 
selves highly  acceptable  even  to  EnglLsh- 
speaking  congregations; — the  whole  of 
the  Macleod  family,  four  of  whom  have 
been  Moderators  of  the  General  Assem- 
blies of  their  respective  churches, — the 
two  Normans,  .John  of  Morven,  and 
Roderick,  Skye.  Among  the  most 
eloquent  ministers  in  Glasgow  could 
you  point,  while  he  lived,  to  a  more 
excellent  preacher  in  every  way,  to  a 
man  of  really  greater  power,  greater 
unction,  than  the  Rev.  Duncan  Macnab, 
late  of  Renfield  Free  Church?  Among 
the  living  there  are  two  whose  eloquent 
voices  are  well  known  in  Glasgow — the 
Revs.  Dr.  MacGilvray  of  Aberdeen,  and 
D.  MacGregor  of  Dundee.  The  accom- 
plished, the  refined,  the  widely-esteemed 
Mr.  Kennedy  of  Dingwall  is  well  known. 
In  broad  Scotland,  can  you  point  out 
one  who  is  a  more  real  preacher,  one 
more  refined  even  in  English  ?  Many 
do  not  know  that  the  learned  and  deep- 
cultured  Dr.  Taylor  of  Crathie,  to 
whose  preaching  the  Queen  delights  to 
listen,  is  also  a  Gaelic-speaking  Celt. 
Even  the  generic  Highland  preacher 
we  do  not  hesitate  to  set  side  by  side 
with  the  English-speaking  preacher  any 
day ;  and  this  we  can  specially  affirm  re- 
garding the  matte?',  because  the  former 
is  as  yet  more  truly  Puritanic,  possesses 
more  of  the  fiesh  and  bone  of  Calvinism. 


132 


THE  GAEL. 


July,  1872. 


But  we  forbear.  And  beg  in  conclusion 
to  express  our  abiding  sorrow  and  con- 
trition of  soul  at  seeing  a  public  organ 
of  the  Herald's  standing,  treating  in 
such  boyish,  superficial  style,  many 
questions  of  serious  importance, — fre- 
quently disinterring  out  of  the  remem- 
brance of  the  grim  past  bitter  feelings 
of  race  which  retard  the  consolidation 
of  our  common  Celt-and- Angle-Land. 


ANNUAL  REPORT  of  the  GAELIC 
SCHOOL  SOCIETY. 

This  Society  has  this  year  issued  its 
sixty-first  Annual  Report,  which  evi- 
dences wonderful  vitality,  and  a  widely- 
ramifying  organization,  which,  perhaps, 
has  never  been  more  thorough  and 
efficient  than  it  is  at  the  present  day. 
That  the  Society,  preserving  its  original 
energy  and  gathering  more,  has  outlived 
the  civil,  social,  and  ecclesiastical 
changes  which  have  come  over  the 
Highlands  since  its  institution  strongly 
evinces  the  crying  need  that  existed  for 
schools  of  the  kind,  as  well  as  the  prac- 
tical and  far-seeing  wisdom  which  dic- 
tated the  form  it  should  assume  and 
the  mode  of  its  operations.  At  the 
time  of  its  formation,  the  prejudices  of 
the  Sasunnach  against  the  Celt,  and 
everything  Celtic,  were  powerful  and 
universal;  even  the  teaching  of  the 
Gospel,  that  we  are  all  of  one  pair, 
human,  and  sinful,  was  scarcely  able  to 
overcome  the  might  of  such  anti})a- 
thies  of  race.  It  is.  this  race-feeling, 
this  element  of  race-bitterness  that  has 
so  fearfully  stained  and  marred  the 
history  of  unfortunate  Ireland.  At 
length  the  brimming  charity  of  the 
nineteenth  century  has  begun  to  take 
effect,  mollifying  the  hardness  of  men's 
thoughts  of  each  other.  In  tliis  Society 
for  the  support  of  Gaelic  Schools,  we 
find  the  German  (as  our  Sasunnach 
friends  will  have  themselves  called),  and 
the   Celt  laudably  bearing  the  yoke 


together  in  the  interest  of  our  common 
Christianity.  There  is  so  much  truth, 
vigour,  and  unction  in  the  following, 
that  we  cannot  refrain  from  quoting  it 
from  the  Report : — 

"  Two  generations  have  come  and 
gone  since  the  Society  was  instituted, 
but  it  is  still  in  the  vigour  of  life,  and 
far,  it  is  hoped,  from  'the  sere  and  yel- 
low leaf.'  During  tlie  sixty-one  years 
of  the  Society's  life,  it  were  strange  if 
no  obstacles  had  occurred  calculated  to 
arrest  its  progress;  but  though  a  few 
storms  have  spent  their  force  upon  the 
goodly  tree,  they  have  but  served  to 
show  that  its  roots  were  deeply  imbed- 
ded in  the  soil  of  practical  wisdom  and 
enlightened  Christian  philanthropy, 
while  at  the  same  they  have  contri- 
buted to  fix  them  all  the  more  firmly 
there. 

"  The  practical  sagacity  which  has 
dictated  the  plan  upon  which  the 
operations  of  the  Society  are  conducted, 
becomes  continually  more  apparent  the 
longer  it  is  tested.  One  might  have 
imagined  common-sense  would  have 
suggested  that  the  most  direct  way  of 
educating — in  the  strict  and  proper 
sense  of  the  term — of  drawing  out  and 
developing  the  intelligence  of  a  peoi)le, 
as  of  an  individual,  is  by  beginning 
.with  what  they  already  know,  and 
I  from  that  leading  them  on  to  what 
they  do  not  know.  But  obvious  as  it 
is,  and  now  an  acknowledged  truism  ia 
education,  some  societies  proposing  to 
themselves  the  benefit  of  the  High- 
landers educationally,  were  expending 
their  funds  to  no  good  purpose  in 
systematically  ignoring  this  principle. 
Their  sole  object  was  to  teach  the 
Higlilanders  English,  and  in  order  to 
effect  that  purpose  Gaelic  was  turned 
out  of  doors  as  a  barbarous  language, 
a  jargon  of  uncouth,  if  not  meaningless 
sounds,  ability  to  pronounce  which  con- 
stituted a  badge  of  degradation,  besides 
proving  a  hindrance  to  all  wordly 
advancement.  English  was  to  be  taught. 


July,  1872. 


THE  GAEL. 


133 


and  EngHsh  alone.  This  effort  to  drive 
home  the  wedge  of  education  by  putting 
the  broad  end  foremost,  naturally 
enough  did  not  succeed,  and  the  poor 
Highlander  came  to  be  regarded  as 
almost  hopelessly  impenetrable.  On  the 
other  hand,  the  Gaelic  School  Society, 
intent  chiefly  on  advancing  the  moral 
and  spiritual  welfare  of  our  Gaelic- 
speaking  fellow-countrymen,  and  know- 
ing that  truth  could  be  introduced  to 
their  minds  through  the  medium  of  the 
language  they  were  already  in  po&session 
of,  more  readily  than  through  any  other, 
did  not  go  about  to  invent  a  more  cir- 
cuitous way  of  accomplishing  that 
object.  Looking  abroad  upon  the  state 
of  the  country,  after  a  century  of 
misdirected  zeal  in  trying  to  make  the 
inhabitants  forget  their  native  language 
and  take  kindly  to  the  foreign  tongue 
of  the  Sassenach  Lowland,  it  was  seen 
that  many  parts  of  the  Highlands  and 
Islands  continued  in  a  state  of  great 
ignorance,  and  that  only  a  small  pro- 
portion of  the  inhabitants  could  read 
in  any  language.  Here  the  originators 
of  the  Society  perceived  a  door  of  use- 
fulness open  before  them,  and  felt  that 
consideration  both  of  patriotism  and 
religion  called  upon  them  to  enter  in. 
Possessing  the  means,  and  with  it  the 
responsibility,  they  solemnly  asked 
themselves, 

"Shall  we,  whose  souls  are  lighted 
"With  wisdom  from  on  high — 
Can  we  to  men  benighted 
The  lamp  of  life  deny?" 

"Forthwith  they  girded  themselves  to 
the  task,  and  founded  the  Gaelic  School 
Society,  which  as  time  wore  on,  became 
a  Home  Mission,  Bible  Society  and 
Educational  Institute,  all  in  one.  The 
Bible  has  been  translated  into  Gaelic 
at  an  earlier  date ;  but  as  nothing  had 
been  done  to  enable  a  Gaelic-speaking 
population  to  read  it,  very  few  copies 
were  in  circulation.  The  Book  was 
sealed  even  from  those  for  whose  benefit 


the  translation  was  intended.  This 
state  of  things  was  remedied  by  the 
Society  sending  out  a  staff  of  men  with 
the  love  of  Christ  burning  in  their  own 
breastSj  to  bring  the  record  of  that  love 
to  their  famished  fellow-countrymen, 
and  teach  them  how  to  read  with  their 
own  eyes,  and  in  their  own  tongue, 
'  the  wonderful  works  of  God.'  '  He 
that  winneth  souls  is  wise,'  and  in  this 
labour  of  love  the  Society  has  been 
largely  owned  from  on  high  throughout 
iis  historj'.  Often  has  'the  blessing 
of  Him  who  was  ready  to  perish  come 
upon  it,'  and  it  is  cause  for  praise  to 
the  Father  of  Mercies  that  you  are  not 
altogether  without  this  blessing  in  the 
present.  The  Word  of  God,  appealing 
to  the  heart  and  conscience  of  the 
young  in  your  Schools  from  day  to  day, 
has  its  own  secret  influence  distilling 
as  the  dew,  and  the  kingdom  of  God 
comes  to  one  here  and  there  'without 
observation.'  Most  of  the  teachers, 
besides  their  ordinary  week-day  work, 
in  which  the  Bible  is  the  chief  book 
read,  have  also  the  charge  of  Sabbath- 
schools.  To  these,  parents  come  and 
listen  as  their  children  read  the  Word 
of  Life  and  are  examined  on  what  is 
read,  and  upon  questions  from  the. 
Shorter  Cathecism ;  while  at  times  they 
themselves  also  gladly  submit  to  be 
catechised.  In  many  places,  also,  owing 
to  the  remoteness  from  church  of  the 
stations,  the  teachers  have  to  conduct 
meetings  on  Sabbath  for  j)rayer  and 
reading  of  Scripture,  and  often  a  week- 
day meeting  besides. 

"But  it  maybe  asked,  after  teaching 
Gaelic  for  sixty-one  years,  what  further 
need  can  there  be  now  for  such  work 
as  engages  this  society?  To  this  it 
may  be  replied,  that  the  Society  has 
sought  to  work  in  localities  that  are 
otherwise  totally  neglected;  that  it 
has  never  since  its  origin  been  able 
to  overtake  the  whole  field; — that 
the  teachers  only  remain  for  a  few 
years   in  the  same  station;  and  that. 


134 


THE  GAEL. 


Jnly,  1S72. 


even  when  they  return  to  a  former; 
station  after  a  lapse  of  years,  the  new  j 
generation  which  has  risen  up  in  the  j 
interval  reipiires  to  be  taught  from  the  : 
beginning.  Above  all,  it  may  be 
answered  that  it  is  likely  that,  for 
many  years  to  come,  a  large  portion  of 
the  peasantry  of  the  Highlands  and 
Islands  will  not  know  any  other  lan- 
guage than  Gaelic.  At  any  rate,  they 
icnoAv  no  other  at  present."  *  *  -  * 
"And  the  Directors  can  not  think  that 
the  Society  has  found  any  reason  to 
slacken  its  hold  of  the  fundamental 
principle,  that  '  it  is  essential  for  evtry 
■man  to  he  able  to  read  the  Word  of  God 
in  his  own  tnnjue.' 

The  Society  gives  employment  to  .S8 
Teachers,  8  of  whom  are  located  in  the 
Highlands,  and  30  in  the  Islands. 
Of  those  in  the  latter  there  are  13  in 
Lewis,  5  in  North  Uist,  5  in  Skye,  3  in 
Mull,  2  in  Harris,  1  in  Coll,  1  in  Islay. 
Of  those  stationed  on  the  Mainland, 
there  are  5  in  the  county  of  Ross,  2 
in  that  of  Liverness,  and  1  in  North 
Kuapdale,  Argyleshire.  The  attend- 
ance on  week-days  in  these  38  schools 
reaches  the  aggregate  of  842  males  and 
1031  females,  making  a  total  of  1873. 
This  is  no  small  number;  and  it  is  very 
gratifying  to  find  so  many  of  the  young 
of  our  land  benefiting  yearly  by  the 
healthy  kind  of  teaching  which  is  given 
in  these  schools.  Even  by  these  figures 
a  stranger  can  have  no  idea  of  the  num- 
ber of  scholars  taught  by  these  teachers, 
on  account  of  the  circulatinj  character  of 
the  schools.  Many  of  the  teachers  are 
only  stationed  for  three  or  four  years  in 
the  same  jilace  when  they  are  removed 
to  more  necessitous  districts.  The 
burden  of  the  working  of  the  machin- 
ery falls  mainly  on  the  Rev.  Dr. 
Maclauchlan,  who  knows  so  well,  and 
is  so  well  known  in,  the  Highlands. 
He  has  an  excellent  co-adjutor  in  the 
inspector  of  schools,  the  Rev.  A. 
Macrae,  M.A.  The  Society  has  the 
names  of  the  highest  in  the  land  among 


its  supporters : — the  Queen  for  its 
Patroness,  and  Ewen  Macpherson,  Esq., 
of  Clnny  Macpherson,  for  its  President, 
the  Vice-Presidents  and  Governors,  &c., 
are  all  of  very  high  standing  and  influ- 
ence. It  truly  deserves  the  support  of  all 
who  wish  to  see  the  Highlands  advance 
in  matters  social,  moral,  and  religious. 


THANKFUL  BREATHINGS. 
A  veil  of  gloom  fell  darkening  on  my  being; 
Sorrow  undying  rooted  in  my  soul ; 
Despairing  anguish  on  my  vitals  stole; 
I  sought  dread  solace  in  my  God's  decreeing, 
But  ah  in  vain !  possessing  heav'nly  seeing 
No  rest  deceitful  satisfied ;  the  whole 
Had  birth  in  sin  unmorlified;  the  coal 
Of  wild  despair  burned  fiercely  till,  fast  fleeing 
From  wretched  self,  I  found  thy  gentle  aid 
Which  saved  me  from  an  outcast,  self- 
doomed  fate 
For  whose  dim  welcome  awfulness  I 
prayed; — 
O  for  a  seraph's  tongue  in  tones  elate 
To  utter  breathings  of  my  gratitude! — 
Thy  kindly  counsel  saved  fiom  fatal  mood; 
N.  Ambrosk. 


THE  SPIRIT  OF  rOETRY. 
'Tis  Love  that  beai-s  us  to  the  Land 

Of  Life  and  Liglit  above; 
Thou  art  not  of  the  Minstrel  Band 
Till  Lays  of  Love  thy  lyre  demand, 
Till  thou  canst  truly  undei-stand 
The  smile  of  Woman's  Love. 

Mary  Miller. 


NEWS  OF  THE  HIGHLANDS  AND 
ISLANDS. 

On  the  Gth  of  June,  the  Eev.  Angus 
Maclver,  preacher,  was  ordained  minister  of 
Macdonald  Free  Church,  Glasgow. 

The  Marquis  of  Lome  is  said  to  be  suffer- 
ing from  low  fever. 

The  Highland  railway  returns  for  the 
week  ending  Hth  June,  were  £4(381,  against 
£4405  last  year,  and  for  the  14  weeks, 
£GI,976  against  £55,603,  showing  an  in- 
crease of  £0373. 

An  elopement  recently  took  place  in  the 
west  of   Ross-shire,  and  the  event  caused 


jBly,1872. 


THE  GAEL. 


135 


considerable  excitement.  The  parties  are 
said  to  have  been  a  "good-looking  good 
yirl"  and  a  "son  of  the  shears  and  goose, 
wanting  part  of  the  leg. 

JoNA. — Visitors. — Among  the  visitors  in 
the  island  at  present  are  a  sister  and  the 
youngest  daughter  of  Dr.  Livingston,  the 
African  traveller.  They  intend  visiting  the 
Island  of  Ulva,  the  birthplace  of  the  great 
traveller's  father. 

Stornoway — Launches — The  schooner 
Raven  has  been  launched  from  the  patent 
slip  at  Stornoway,  having  vmdergone  con- 
siderable repairs,  after  being  wrecked  on 
the  coast  of  Skye  last  spring.  Lately  a 
new  schooner  was  also  launched  by  Mr. 
AVni.  Cook,  shipbuilder,  for  Mr.  John 
Wignall  Fleetwood,  London,  Her  tonnage 
is  109  tons  register.  She  was  christened 
The  Thornton  by  Mrs.  Spittal,  wife  of 
Sheriff  Spittal. 

Ecclesiastical. — The  Free  Presbytery  of 
Lorn  and  Mull  met  on  Wednesday,  the  11th 
of  June,  in  Oban,  Rev.  D  Macvean,  of  Mull 
moderator.  It  was  stated  that  the  congre- 
gation of  Ardow  and  Torloisk  had  been 
raised  by  the  last  General  Assembly  to  a 
sanctioned  charge,  and  that  it  is  now  in  a 
position  to  call  a  minister. 

Free  Prilsbytbryof  Dunoon  and  Inver- 
aray.— This  reverend  Court  met  on  Tues- 
day, the  11th  June,  at  Rothesay — Rev. 
John  Clark,  of  Minard,  Moderator.  Regard- 
ing the  Dunoon  Gaelic  case.  Dr.  Elder 
proposed,  seconded  by  Rev.  Mr.  Russell  of 
Glendaruel,  "that  the  Presbytery,  having 
before  them  the  deliverance  of  the  General 
Assembly  in  this  case,  and  finding  the 
Assembly  having  sustained  the  reference, 
sanction  the  setting  up  of  a  preaching  sta- 
tion for  the  Highlanders."  Mr.  Macphkkson, 
on  behalf  of  the  Free  Church  Highlanders 
of  Dunoon,  acquiesced  in  the  finding  of  the 
Presbytery,  and  thanked  them  for  erecting 
them  into  a  station. 

Definite  arrangements,  it  is  said,  have 
at  length  been  made  for  laying  the  telegraph 
to  the  Lews.  A  steamer  chartered  by  the 
Government  was  expected  with  the  cable  at 
Stornoway  on  Friday,  the  21st  June,  and 
on  Saturday  or  Monday  following  the  line 
would  be  laid  from  the  island  to  the  main- 
land. The  cable  starts  at  a  point  a  short 
distance  from  Stornoway,  and  is  carried 
across  the  Minch  to  the  prominent  headland 
which  forms  the  south  west  shore  of  Loch 
Ewe.     The  distance  is  about  thirty  or  thirty- 


five  miles.  Stornoway  at  the  one  end,  and 
Poolewe  at  the  other,  are  connected  by  land 
line;  and  the  wire  from  the  hitter  place 
comes  along  by  Gairloch  and  Achnasheea_ 
to  Dingwall  and  Inverness.  The  circuit  is 
to  extend  from  Stornoway  through  the 
island  of  Rodil  Bay;  and  a  cable  will  con- 
nect Harris  with  Lochmaddy,  in  North  Uist. 
A  short  cable  is  also  to  be  laid  at  Kyleakin, 
connecting  Skye  with  the  mainland. 

Another  grievance  of  long  standing,  the 
uselessness  of  the  Dingwall  and  Skye  line 
of  telegr.iph,  has  at  length  been  removed.. 
Government  has  agreed  to  pay  to  the  Rail- 
way Company  the  sum  of  £4250,  and  an 
additional  wire  for  the  service  of  the  Post- 
OfBce  is  now  in  course  of  erection  on  the 
telegraph  poles  along  the  railway. 

Fatal  Accident  in  the  Hebrides. — 
Four  Fishermen  Drowned. — The  skiff 
Mayflower,  of  minard,  having  on  board 
Messrs  Alexander  Campbell  (owner),  Craw- 
ford, Turner,  andCampbell,  after  completing 
her  engagement  at  the  North  fishing,  left 
Lochboisdale  on  .'"Saturday,  22d  June,  along 
with  other  three  skiffs,  for  Minard.  When 
between  the  islands  of  Muck  and  Coll  the 
Mayflower  broached  the  wind  and  sank 
with  all  her  crew.  As  there  was  a  high 
wind  and  a  heavy  sea,  the  other  boats  could 
render  no  assistance.  It  is  presumed  that 
the  rudder  broke,  and  consequently  the  skiff 
became  unmanage  ible.  The  crew  had 
about  £60  on  bo  rd,  being  the  amount  of 
their  hard-wrought  earnings  in  the  North. 
The  owner,  who  was  married,  has  left  a 
widow  Knd  three  of  a  family  to  mourn  his 
loss.     The  others  were  unmarried. 

We  regret  to  find  that  up  to  this  date, 
June  28,  the  herring  fishing  in  the  Heb- 
rides has  been  considerably  below  the  usuai 
average.  The  fishing  season  is  now  nearly 
over  which  leaves  scarcely  any  prospect 
of  the  average  of  last  year  being  reached. 


MY   CAPTIVITY   IN   SKYE. 

BY  D.  LAMONT. 

(Formerly  of  B.N.  America.) 

Some  forty  years  with  all  their  ills. 
Have  come  and  are  gone  by; 

Since  last  I  saw  my  native  hills, 
The  rugged  hills  of  Skye. 


136 


THE  GAEL. 


Jaly,  1872. 


I  view  again  my  childhood's  home, 

But  now  no  home  of  mine, 
The  fields  where  I  was  wont  to  roam, 

In  seasons  of  langsyne. 

How  sadly  champed  the  little  glen, 

Its  gladness  turned  to  gloom, 
And  friends  tliat  lived  around  me  then, 

Laid  in  the  silent  tomb! 
The  brook  still  runneth  in  its  course, 

The  tide  doth  ebb  and  How, 
But  things  have  altered  for  the  worse, 

Since  forty  years  ago. 

I  see  the  sights  that  tourists  seek, 

Bleak  hills  and  mountains  high. 
Where  the  Coolin's  loftiest  peak, 

Is  towering  to  the  sky; 
Those  ancient  cairns  and  craggy  nooks 

That  travelers  deem  so  fair. 
But  then  what  signify  their  looks. 

When  one  can't  live  on  air? 

I  oft  my  residence  did  change 

And  many  a  place  I've  been, 
My  native  place  seems  now  more  strange, 

Than  anywhere  I've  been; 
My  pockets  being  so  scarce  of  crowns, 

That  no  one  will  me  know. 
For  I  have  had  my  ups  iuid  downs. 

Since  forty  years  ago. 

If  round  the  coasts  you  take  a  peep, 

From  Oban  to  Portreee; 
You'll  scarcely  see  but  flocks  of  sheep, 

Where  dwellings  used  to  be; 
The  hardy,  honest,  Highland  race, 

Now  thrive  in  other  climes. 
Who  had  to  leave  their  native  place 

Through  dearth  of  former  times. 

Who  had  while  here  to  go  in  youth, 

From  the  parental  soil 
To  ask  their  neighbours  of  the  South, 

"To  give  them  leave  to  toil." 
While  many  of  them  were  opjirest; 

In  povertv  extreme: 
Their  emigration  to  the  West, 

Was  an  alluring  scheme. 

Had  I  but  meiuis  at  my  command. 

Were  I  but  hale  and  strong, 
My  exile  in  my  native  land. 

Would  not  continue  long. 
Here  did  I  ptiss  life's  pleasant  mom. 

In  joyful  sunny  bow'rs; 
Now  there  is  left  but  want      r.nd 

The  thorns  without  the  flow'rs ! 


For  better  health  I  sought  this  shore, 

And  crossed  the  ocean  wide; 
From  lands  that  I  would  see  once  more, 

And  where  I  would  abide; 
Once  more  I'd  venture  o'er  the  wave, 

Ontario  to  see. 
Its  people  generous  and  brave. 

Have  oft  befriended  me. 

Through  the  above  verses  their  riugfs  a  cry 
of  the  human  which  is  peculiarly  indicative 
of  the  struggles  and  misfortunes  of  Celtic  life 
in  the  Islands.  Some  of  the  more  pathetic 
and  plain-spoken  of  the  stanzas  we  have  left 
out.  D.  Lamont,  "in  the  struggle  for  exist- 
ence," sought  some  time  ago  the  shores  of 
Canada  from  which  he  has  returned  again  to 
Skye  with  the  view  of  benefiliug  his  health. 
"  I  am  glad  to  say,  however,"  says  the  gentle- 
man who  has  favoured  us  with  the  "Captivi- 
ty" of  Lamont,  "that  his  health  has  much 
improved,  and  that  he  is  making  laudable 
efforts  among  his  countrymen  to  enable  liim 
again  to  reach  the  land  of  his  adoption."  We 
trust  this  poetical  brother  Celt  will  not  be  long 
pining  for  want  of  means  to  bring  him  across 
the  Atlantic  once  more. 


WHAT  DETERMINES  NATIONALITY? 

The  following  extract  from  Mr.  Max 
Muller's  Third  Volume  of  Chips  will 
be  interesting  and  instructive  to  many. 
Men  who  glibly  and  seriously  talk 
of  difference  of  blood  and  pure  races, 
ought  to  listen  to  the  voice  of  science 
before  they  deliver  themselves  with  ora- 
cular certainty  on  such  subjects : — 

"  People  speak  indeed  of  blood,  and  inter- 
mingling of  blood,  as  determining  the 
nationality  of  a  peo]3le;  but  what  is  meant 
by  blood?  It  is  one  of  those  scientific  idols, 
that  crumble  to  dust  as  soon  as  we  try  to 
define  or  grasp  them;  it  is  a  vague  hollow, 
treacherous  term,  which,  for  the  present  at 
least,  ought  to  be  banished  from  the  diction- 
ary of  every  true  man  of  science.  Wc  can 
give  a  scientific  definition  of  a  Celtic  lang- 
uage; but  no  one  has  yet  given  a  definition  of 
Celtic  blood,  or  a  Celtic  skull.  It  is  quite 
possible  that  hereafter  chemical  difierenccs 
may  be  discovered  in  the  blood  of  those  who 
ppcak  a  Celtic,  and  of  those  who  speak  a 
Teutonic  language.  It  is  possible  also  that 
patient  measurements,  like  those  lately  pub- 
lished by  Professor  Huxley,  In  the  'Journal 
of  Anatomy  and  Physiology,'  may  lead  in 


July,  1872. 


THE  GAEL. 


137 


time  to  a  really  scientific  classification  of 
skulls,  and  that  physiologists  may  succeed 
in  the  end  in  carrying  out  a  classification  of 
the  human  race,  according  to  tangible  and 
unvarying  physiological  criteria.  But  their 
■definitions  and  their  classifications  will 
hardly  ever  square  with  the  definitions  or 
classifications  of  the  student  of  language, 
and  the  use  of  common  terms  can  only  be  a 
source  of  constant  misunderstandings.  We 
know  what  we  mean  by  a  Celtic  language, 
and  in  the  grammar  of  each  language  we 
are  able  to  produce  a  most  perfect  scientific 
definition  of  its  real  character.  If,  therefore, 
we  transfer  the  term  Celtic  to  people,  we 
can,  if  we  use  our  words  accurately,  mean 
nothing  but  people  who  speak  a  Celtic  lang- 
uage, the  true  exponent,  ay,  the  very  life  of 
Celtic  nationality.  Whatever  people, 
whether  Romans,  or  Saxons,  or  Normans, 
or,  as  some  think,  even  Phoenicians  and 
Jews,  settled  in  Cornwall,  if  they  ceased  to 
speak  their  own  language;  and  exchanged  it 
for  Cornish,  they  are,  before  the  tribunal  of 
the  science  of  language,  Celts,  and  nothing 
but  Celts;  while,  whenever  Cornishmen,  like 
Sir  Humphrey  Davy  or  Bishop  Colenso, 
have  ceased  to  speak  Cornish,  and  speak 
nothing  but  English,  they  are  no  longer 
Celts,  but  true  Teutons  or  Saxons,  in  the 
only  scientifically  legitimate  sense  of  that 
word." 


REPLIES  TO  CORRESPONDENTS. 

To  M.  M.  C— Stewart's  Grammar  is  out  of 
print.  The  subject  of  your  recommendation 
that  a  new  edition  of  liis  Grammar  should  be 
brought  out  at  our  office  has  been  considered 
already  to  some  extent.  We  have  no  doubt 
that  an  edition  embodying  the  philologic  re- 
sults of  recent  German  writers  and  others 
would  be  very  acceptable  to  the  Gaelic  public. 

To  J.  MacL.  Koss-shire.— We  shall  be 
happy  to  receive  for  consideration  any  article 
sent  us;  but  cannot  be  held  responsible  for 
them  if  lost;  so  we  recommend  all  writers  to 
preserve  a  copy  themselves.  We  may  also 
remind  our  rea.lers  too  that  we  can  not  as  a 
general  rule  undertake  to  return  the  MSS.  of 
communications  considered  unsuitable. 

To  D.  Mac  M.  — We  have  given  the  "Epi- 
taph" among  "  Nilhe  Nuadh  agus  Sean."  We 
are  not  at  all  jealous  (if  the  prospective  exist- 
«nce  of"  Bratach  na  Firinn,"  the  new  Gaelic 
Magazme  you  refer  to.  There  is  enough  of 
field  and  to  spare.  The  more  the  merrier. 
Besides,  its  title  is  not  indicative  of  rivalship  ; 


let  every  man  pursue  his  own  ideal,  in  his 
own  humour,  in  his  own  element.  We  do  not 
quite  understand  your  question  whether  we 
"give  a  life  of  MacPherson  of  Ossian?"  Do 
you  mean  in  The  Gael  or  in  The  G.\elic 
Bards?  You  can  find  in  the  present  Number 
something  on  Ossiaii  MacPheison  in  the  Article 
contributed  by  "  Cona." 

To  R.  B.— OurGaeliepageswerejustmade 
up  before  your  extended  notice  of  the  late 
Rev.  Dr.  Norman  Mac  Leod's  death  reached 
us,  so  that  we  could  not  give  it  in  the  present 
Number  as  we  were  anxious  that  the  latter 
should  appear  in  time.  This  excellent  tribute 
to  the  memory  of  the  great  and  good  Norman 
—the  large-hearted  Celt  who  has  been  among 
the  most  illustrious  Englishmen  of  this  quart- 
er of  the  nineteenth  century,  will  be  given  in 
the  next  Number  to  sho«  our  loyalty  fully. 
Our  thanks  are  very  much  due  to  R.  B. 

pOMUNN  GAILIG  INBHIRNIS. 

Tha  'n  Luchd-Riaghlaidh  a,'  toirt  fios  do 
Chlann  nan  Gaidheal  anns  gach  ait,  gum  bi 

CeUD  ChOINNEAMH  BHLIADHNAILa'Chom- 

uinn  so  air  a  cumail  air  feasgar  Diar-daoiu 
Feill-na-CIoimhe  (llmhde'n  Vllmh  Mios), 
ann  an  Inhhirnis. 

Bithidh  an  Ridire  Coixneach  S.  Mac- 
Choinnich,  Triath  Ghkarrloch,  'sa' 
Chathair;  agus  labhraidh  uaislean  ainmeil 
oil'  aigan  am— Fhuairan  Luchd-Riaghlaidh 
oighean  'us  aigearan  a  sheinneas  òrain 
Ghìilig  'us  Bheurla;  agus  dannsairean  a 
dhannsas  cuid  de  sheann  dannsabh  na 
Gaidhealtachd. 

'S  e  miann  a'  Chomuinn  gu  'n  tionail  na 
Gaidheil  as  gach  cearnaidh  chum  na  fearaa- 
chuideachd  so. 

UILLEAM  MACAOIDH. 

Rùn-Chleireach. 
G7,  Sraid  na  h-Eaglais, 
Inbhirnis, 
22mh  de'n  Vlmh  mios,  1872. 


J 


ARCHIBALD  SINCLAIR, 

Gaelic  and  English  Printer, 

62   AEGYLE    STREET, 

a  L_  A  SQOVA^. 


THA  G.  Mac-na-Oeardadh  deònach  air  fnnseadh  d'a 
chàirdean  gu  'm  bheil  e  iiir  lermtuinn  air  gnothach  a' 
ChlobhuaUidh  a  ghiùlan  air  a^'haidh  anns  a'  h-uUe  dòigh 
mar  bha  e  le  athair.  ayus  guv  h-es,tn  an  t-aon  Chlobhual- 
adair  a  thuigens  agus  a  labhras  Giilig,  ni  a  tha  'g  a  dhean- 
amh  comas  ich  air  ceartas  a  tboirt  do  ^iobhaidhiblj. 
Gàilig  a  bhioB  ri  'n  clobhualadb. 


DOMINION    OF   CANADA, 


EMIGR^TIOlSr 

TO   THS 

FE@¥11©1  Q)W  @Sfl'4EI@. 


To  Capitalists,  Tenant  Farmers,  Agricultural  Labourers,  Mechanics,  Day  Labourers,  and  aU 
parlies  desirous  of  Improving  their  Circumstances  by  Emigrating  to  a  New  Country. 

The  attention  of  intending  Emigrants  is  invited  to  the  great  advantages  pre- 
sented by  the  Province  of  Ontario.  Persons  living  on  the  Interest  of  their  Money 
can  easily  get  EIGHT  PER  CENT,  on  first-class  security. 

TENANT    FARMERS     WITH    LIMITED    CAPITAL, 

Can  buy  and  stock  a  Freehold  Estate  -with  the  money  needed  to  carry  on  a  small 
farm  in  Britain.  Good  Cleared  Land,  with  a  Dwelling  and  good  Bam  and  out- 
houses upon  it,  can  be  purchased  in  desirable  localities,  at  from  £4  to  £10  sterling 
per  acre. 

Farm  Hands  can  readily  obtain  work  at  GOOD  WAGES. 

Among  the  inducements  ofifered  to  intending  Emigrants,  by  Government,  ia 

A    FREE    GRANT    OF    LAND! 

WITHOUT  ANY  CHARGE  WHATEVER. 

Every  Head  of  a  Family  can  obtain,  on  condition  of  settlement,  a  Free  Grant  of 
TWO  HUNDRED  ACRES  of  Land  for  himseH.  and  ONE  HUNDRED  ACRES 
additional  for  each  member  of  his  family,  male  or  female,  over  18  years  of  age. 

All  persons  over  eighteen  years  of  age  can  obtain  a  Free  Grant  of  ONE  HUN- 
DRED ACRES. 

The  Free  Grants  are  protected  by  a  Homestead  Exemption  Act,  and  are  not 
liable  to  seizure  for  any  debt  incurred  before  the  issue  of  the  patent,  or  for  twenty 
years  after  its  issue.  They  are  within  easy  access  of  the  front  settlements,  and 
are  supplied  with  regular  postal  communication. 

And  of  Improved  Farms  for  sale,  are  kept  at  the  Immigration  Agencies  in  the 
Province,  and  arrangements  are  made  for  directing  immigrants  to  those  points  where 
employment  can  be  most  readily  obtained.  Several  new  lines  of  Railway  and  other 
Public  Works  are  in  course  of  construction,  or  about  being  commenced,  which 
■will  afford  employment  to  an  almost  unlimited  number  of  labourers. 

Persons  desiring  fuller  information  respecting  the  Province  of  Ontario 

are  invited  to  apply  personally,  or  by  letter,  to  the  Canadian  Government  Emigra- 
tion Agents  in  Europe,  viz  :  WM.  DIXON,  11,  Adam  Street,  Adelphi,  London, 
W  C  -J  G.  MOYLAN,  14  South  Frederick  St.,  Dublin;  CHARLES  FOY,  II 
CUremont  St.,  Belfast  ;  and  DAVID  SHAW,  24  Oswald  St.,  Glasgow. 

Also  to  the  Immigration  Agents  in  Canada,  viz  : — JOHN  A.  DONALDSON, 
Toronto ;  R  H.  RAE,  Hamilton  ;  WM.  J.  WILLS,  Ottawa ;  RICHD.  MAO- 
PHERSON,  Kingston;  L.  STAFFORD,  Quebec;  J.  J.  DALEY,  Montreal;  E. 
CLAY,  Halifax,  Nova  Scotia ;  ROBT.  SHIVES,  St.  John,  and  J.  G.  GLAYTON, 
Miramichi,  New  Brunswick, — from  whom  pamphlets,  issued  under  the  authority 
of  the(J')venjraent  of  Ontario,  containing  fuU  particulars  in  relation  to  the  char- 
acter and  resourcea  of,  and  the  coat  of  living,  wages,  &.C.,  in  the  Province,  can  be 
obtained. 

JOHN  CARLINO-, 

ComnUnoner  o/  Agriculture  and  Public  Worh$. 
DKPARTireNT  at  Tmmtoration,  for  Uu  Province  o/  Oniari». 

Toronto,  February,  1871. 


I  Leabh.] 


CEUD  MIOS  AN  FHOGHARAIDH,  1872. 


[6  Air. 


AN  T-OLLA  MACLEOp. 
Chaochail  an  duine  ainmeil  so  air 
latha  na  Sabaid,  an  lOmh  do  'n  mhìos 
so  chaidb.  Is  mar  a  sgaoil  an  naigb- 
■eacbd,  bba  do-bbròn  anns  gacb  cridhe, 
agus  tiambacbd  air  gacb  aghaidb.  Oir 
■cba  robb  iad  acb  tearc,  nia  bba  iad  idir 
ann,  air  an  robb  an  dutbaicb  cbo  eòlacb 
agus  cbo  gaolacb  's  a  bba  i  air  Tormoid 
Og  MacLeòid,  Ministeir  iu4abbracb, 
sgireacbd  a  Bbaroni.  Cba  b'  ann  a 
mbain  am  measg  muinntir  na  b-eaglaise 
Steidbicbte,  anns  an  robb  e  'n  a  mbin- 
isteir  cbo  ainmeil  agus  cbo  fogliain- 
teacb  a  bba  caoidb  air  a  deanadb  air  a 
sbon,  acb  bba  an  dutbaicb  gu  leir,  do 
gacb  ainm  agus  aidmbeil  a  db'  aon 
inntinn  ann  an  togail  fianuis  gu  'n  do 
tbuit  curaidbtreun  isgu'n  robb  caltacbd 
mòr  air  teacbd  air  an  riogbacbd  tre 
bbàs  an  Diadbair  Urramaicb  so.  Nocbd 
a'  Bban-rigb  fèin  airiomadb  dòigb  cbo 
goirt  'sa  bba  a  cridbe  tlàtb  is  cbo  trom 
is  a  db'  fbairicb  i  am  buille  a  tbuit, 
mar  a  gbabb  esau,  a  tbug  iomadb  uair 
combfburtacbd  agus  misneacb  dbi  fein 
ann  an  uair  a  bròin  is  a  dorcbadais 
spioradail,  a  tburas  do  "tbir  na  di- 
chuimbne."  Cba  b'e  mbain  gu  'n  do 
cbuir  i  btir  fbada,  Ian  do  chombfbur- 
tacbd  Cbriosdail,  agus  do  cbo-fbair- 
eacbdainn  bblàtb,  a  cbum  càirdean 
brònacb  an  neacb  a  dli'  flialbb,  acb 
cbuir  i  fuin  agus  a  da  mbac  Fir-ionaid 
a  cbum  a  tbòrraidb,  agus  combarraidb- 
ean  gràidb  uaipe  fein  agus  na  buill  òga 
do  'n  teagblacb  riogbail.  Cba  'n  'eil 
iad  acb  tearc  da  rireadb  air  am  bbeil 
urram  do'n  t-seorsa  so  air  a  cbur.  Acb 
cba  deacbaidb  riabb  ouoir  a  cbur  air 
neacb  a  b'  fbearr  an  airidb  na  Tormaid 
MacLeòid.     Acb  cba  b'  ann  a  mbain 


am  measg  uacbdrain  agus  dbaoine  mora 
a  bba  caoidb  air  a  deanadb  air  a  sbon, 
is  a  bba  ainm  is  a  cbbii  aitbnichte,  ach 
anns  na  caol  sbraidean  agus  na  botbain 
bbocbda,  far  an  trie  a  tbainig  e  mar 
gbatb  grèine  a'  toirt  soluis  a's  sòlais  gu 
iomadb  leapa  bais,  bba  e  air  a  mbotb- 
acbain  gu  'n  robb  fior  cbaraid  agus 
dearbb  bbràtbair  air  a  tboirt  air  falbb. 
Is  air  an  aobbar  sin  bba  sealladb  air 
fbaicinn  air  latba  a  tbòrraidb  a  leig  ris 
mar  a  gbkiais  a  bbas-san  cridbe  mòr  na 
dùtbcbagulèir — CbruinnicbnamìUtean 
gu  am  meas  air  a  cbbii,  is  am  bròn  air 
son  a  cball  a  tbaisbeanadb.  Blia  Bàil- 
idbean  agus  Lucbd  Biagblaidb  a'  bbaile 
an  sin,  Lucbd-teagaisg  an  Oiltbigb  le 
deise  a  dbreucbd  air  gacb  aon  diubb, 
Ministeirean  an  t-soisgeul,  do  gacb  aid- 
mbeil, is  uailsean  as  ilsean  do  gacb 
seòrsa.  Is  a  bbarr  air  na  blia  latliair 
aig  an  tòrradb,  bba  na  milltean  eile  ag 
ambarc  air  a  gbiiilan  tbiambaidb,  is 
air  gacb  agbaidb  bba  bròn  agus  mulad 
air  am  faicinn  gu  soilleir.  Is  iomadb 
agbaidb  fbearail  a  bba  fliucb  le  tuil 
tbaosgacb  a  bbròin,  mar  a  cbuimbnicli 
iad  nacb  cluineadb  iad  a  cbaoidb  tuill- 
idb  gutb  oscarra  caoimbneil,  an  011a. 
Leòdaicb  a  sparradb  dbacbaidb  le  diir- 
acbd  tairgse  gbrasmbor  an  t-soisgeil. 
A  ir  an  t-sàbaid  an  deigb  a  bbais,  bba  iom- 
radb  air  a  dbeanadb  air  a  cbbii  a's  air  a*^ 
cballatbàinigairaniìogbacbd,annsgacK 
crannaig  acb  gann  ann  am  bade  Gblas- 
cbu.  Labbair  aon  no  dba  do  na  min- 
isteirean as  ainmeile  'san  Eaglais  Sbaoir, 
ann  an  dòigb  dbealasaich,  dbileis, 
bblàtb,  mu  dheibbinn,  is  tbog  iad  fian- 
uis gbradhacb  air  a'  mbeas  mbòr  a  bba 
aca  air,  mar  mbinisteir  dileas  do  Cbriosd, 
is  mar  dbuine  air  an  do  bbuilich  Dia 


140 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


Ceud  Mlos  an  Fhogharaidh,  ISrS'^ 


tàlanta  mora  nàdnrra  agus  gibhtean  a 
ghrais  ann  am  pailteas.  Is  clia  robh 
aa  Eaglais  Chldireachail  Aonaicbte 
(U.P)  an  Eaglais  Easbuigeacb,  iia 
Bais^ticb  is  na  h-Eaglaisean  eilc  's  a 
bhaile,  air  deireadb  air  na  h-Eaglaisean 
Suidhichtc  agus  Saor,  ann  an  togail 
fiauuis  gu'n  do  tbuit  da  rireadb 
"ceannard  ann  an  Israel,"  is  gu  'm  bu 
sbaighdcir  dileas  do  'n  Ard  Clieannard, 
a  blia  's  a'  cbaomhan  cbriosdail  a  blia 
air  iomacbd  dhacbaidb  gu  fois.  Bha 
so  uile  a'  dearbhadli  airidheacbd  is  mòr 
bbuadbau  a'  Gb;\idbeil  ainmed  so,  is  a 
leigeil  ris  ged  a  bba  e  ceangadte  ri  aon 
Eaglais,  d'  an  d'  tliug  e  gràdb  agus  sin 
le  diiracbd  mliòr,  gu'm  buineadb  edo'n 
diithaicb  gu  leir,  is  tba  e  'n  a  fhiannis 
ro  tliaitneacb  air  an  dòigli  anus  am 
bbeil  sluagh  Cbriosd  'n  an  aon,  ged  a 
db'  fbaodas  roinnean  a  bbi  eatorra  'san 
letb  a  muigb.  Clia'n'ed  air  an  aobliar 
•sin  letbsgeul  sam  bitb  feu  mad  air  son 
iomradh  sònruicbte  a  tboirt  air  a' 
leitbidso  do  dbuine  anns  'A'  Ghàidheil.' 
Gu  sònruicbte  a  cbionn  is  nacli  be 
mbain  gur  mac  Gàidbeil  a  bba  ann,  acb 
gum  b'  fbior  Gbàidbeal  e  fèin  a  b'  urr- 
ain  cànain  aosda  a  dbiitbcba  a  labbairt 
is  a  leugbadb  gu  fileanta  reidb,  is  aig 
an  robb  gaol  mòr  do  thir  nam  beann  is 
d'a  cleacbdainnean. 

Rngadb  Tormod  MacLeòid  ann  an 
Ceannlocb  Cbille  Ciiiarain  ann  an 
Oeanntire,  Earraghaidlieal,  air  an  treas 
latlia  do  mbios  meadhonach  an  t-samb- 
luidb,  anns  a  bbliadlina  1812.  Bba 
atbair  aig  an  am  'n  a  mbinisteir 's  a' 
labaile  sin,  mu  'n  d'  tliàinig  e  do  sgir- 
oachd  Champsie,  far  an  robb  e  re  mòran 
bbliadbnacban  mun  do  gbluaisegu  Eag- 
lais Cballum  Cbille  an  Glascbu.  Bba 
na  aon  ainm  air  an  atbair  is  air  a  mbac. 
Agus  is  ainm  e  air  am  bbeil  gacb 
Oàidbeal  eòlacb,  is  mu  am  bbeil  gacb 
aon  a  labbras  a'  Gbàidblig  moiteil  miiir- 
neach.  Oir  dbearbb  seann  Tormod 
MacLeòid,  gu'n  robb  c  anns  gacb  doigb 
àiridb  air  an  ainm  leis  am  bi  e  air 
aitbneacbadb  cbo  fliada  'sa  bbitbeas 


diog  Gbiiidblig  air  a  labbairt,  no  facal 
di  air  a  leugbadb,  se  sin  "Caraid  uan 
Gàidbeal."  Is  bba  a  mbac  mar  an 
ceudna  ro  mbviirueacb  mu  na  Gàidbeil. 
Oir  is  ann  'n  am  measg  a  cbaidb  a 
tbogail  ann  an  tiis  òige.  'Nuair  bba  e 
'na  bbalacban  òg  cbaidb  a  cbur  do  'n 
Mbòrairne,  a  cbum  a  sbeanar,  d'  am 
b'  ainm  mar  an  ceudna  Tormod  Mac- 
Leoid,  a  bba  'n  a  mbinisteir  anns  an 
sgireacbd  sin.  Is  dbearbb  e  cbo  domb- 
ain  is  a  rinn  coimbneas  agus  cleacbd- 
ainnean nan  Gàidbeal  greim  air  inntinn, 
anns  an  leabbar  a  cbur  e  macb  o  cbionn 
beagan  bbliadbnacban  air  an  d'  tbug  e 
mar  ainm  "Cuimbneacban  na  sgireacbd 
Gbàidb'licb."  Mar  a  db'  fbàs  e  suas 
cbaidb  a  cbur  do'n  Oiltbigb,  a  cbum  a 
dbeasacbadb  air  son  na  ministreileacbd. 
'S  ann  an  Glascbu  agus  an  Dun-Eidin 
a  fbuair  e  'fbògblum.  'Nuair  bba  e  an 
Glascbu  'na  Oileanacb,  bba  Gilleasbuig 
Caimbeul  Tait,  a  tba  na  ard  Easbuig 
Chanterburi  am  measg  a  cbompanaich. 
Ann  an  Dun-Eidin  bba  e  bbo  tbeagasg 
an  fbior  dbuine  ainmeil  agus  mbaith 
sin,  de  am  bbeil  gacb  Albannacb  moit- 
eil, gaolacb,  an  t-Olla  Chalmers.  Bba 
gràdb  mòr  aig  an  duine  cbliiiiteacb  sin 
clo  Tbormod  MacLeòid.  Is  ged  a  bba 
iad  mu  dbeireadb  ann  an  Eaglaisean  a 
bba  dealaicbte  o  cbeile  cba  do  bbàsaich 
am  meas  a  bba  aca  air  a  cbeile,  no  an 
càirdeas  a  bba  eatorra.  Cbaitb  e 
bliadbna,  no  còrr,  d'a  iiiue  air  tir  mòrna 
b-Eòrpa  rau'n  d' iar  e  cead  searmon- 
aicbe.  Air  dba  tilleadb  dhacbaidb 
cbaidb  a  cbur  air  letb  a  cbum  dreucbd 
na  miuisteirealachd,  is  cba  robb  e  fada 
gus  an  d'  fbuair  e  gairm  gu  bbi  'n  a 
mbinisteir  ann  an  Sgireacbd  Loudoin. 
Bba  so  's  a  bbliadiina  1838.  Re  na 
b-iiine  a  bba  e  's  an  sgireacbd  so  rinn  e 
obair  le  dtiracbd  is  eud  a  cboisiuu  dba 
cliu  o  gacb  ncacb,  eadbon  uathsan  nacb 
robh,  aig  an  am,  dbeucbaineacb  sin,  air 
an  aon  taobb  ris  fèin  air  na  ceisdean 
gluasadacb  a  blia  air  an  deasboireacbd 
ann  an  ciiirtean  na  b -eaglais.  Anns  a' 
bbliadbna  1843,  cbaidb  e  do  Dbal-a'~ 


Cead  Mio8  an  Fhogharaidh, 


AN  GAIDAEAL. 


141 


che  far  an  robh  e  'na  mliinisteir  dùrach- 
dach  dileas  re  oclid  bliadhna.  Anns  a 
bhliadhna  1851  fhuair  e  gairm  o  cho- 
thional  a'  Bharoni,  gu  bhi  'na  aodhair 
orra  an  àite  an  OUa  Mac'Ille  Dhuibh, 
a  chaochail  goirid  roimhe  sin.  Anns 
an  sgireacbd  fharsuing,  rahòr-sbluagh- 
ach  sin  rinn  e  'dhleasdannas  air  dòigh 
adhearbb  air  modh  sònruichte  àilleachd 
nam  buadban  a  bba  air  am  buileachadh 
air,  is  a  bha  ro-bhuanachdar  do  dh' 
aobhar  Ghriosd  am  measg  raiUtean  mi- 
shuimeil  baile  mòr  Ghlascliu.  Cliuir  e 
suas  Eaglaiseau  anns  gach  ceàrn  do  'n 
sgireacbd  far  nacb  robh  cothrom  aig 
aphobullfeitheamb  air  raeadhonan  grais, 
is  bha  e  an  còmhnuidh  deas  gu  gnùis  a 
thoirt  do  gach  oidheirp  a  bha  air  a 
deanadh  gu  cor  an  t-sluaigh  a  dhean- 
adh  ni  's  feàrr.  Comharraichte  am 
measg  nam  meadhonan  a  ghabh  e  air 
son  feum  an  t-sluaigh  bha  an  t-seirbhis 
fheasgair  a  bha  aige  air  gach  Sabaid 
air  son  muinntir  aim  an  aodach  obair. 
Ma'n  tigeadh  neacb  a  chum  na  seirbhis 
sin  le  cota  dubh  suasinhor  air,  bha  e  air 
a  thilleadh  aig  an  donis. — Bha  trid  so 
àireamli  mhòr  air  an  cruinneachadh  a 
steach,  de  mhuiuutir  a  bha  air  tuiteam 
air  falbh  o  bhi  'feitheamh  air  an  Tigh- 
earn'  ann  am  meadlionan  nan  gras.  Tha 
iad  lionmhor  ann  a  tha  nis  le  an  deagh 
chaithe  beatlia  a  dearbhadh  gu'm  bheil 
iad  "a'  giùlan  toradh  siochail  na  fir- 
eantachd"  a  bha  trid  na  seirbheis  so 
air  "an  spionadh  mar  àithnean  as  an 
losgadh."  Cha  'n  'eil  iad  ach  tearc  an 
àireimh  a  tlia  idir  cho  comasacli  ann 
an  rathad  an  dleasdanais  mar  mhinist- 
eirean  's  a  bha  Ministeir  cliiiiteach  a 
Bharoni.  Ach  cha  do  stad  obair  aig  a 
so.  Rinn  e  'dhleasdanas  mar  mhinisteir 
air  dhòigh  chomharraichte,  ann  an 
cumhachd,  dilseachd  agus  bith-dhean- 
adh.  Gidheadham  measg  nan  oibre  lion- 
mhor aige,  fhuair  e  ùine  gu  mòraa  a 
Bgriobhadh,  is  gu  iomad  leabhar  a  chur  a 
mach.  'Nuairabhae'uafhiordhuineòg, 
thòisich  e  aircuramachleabhraichean, 
aa  air  a  bhi  'na  f  hear-deasachaidh.    Am 


measg  nan  leabhraichean  aige  tha  an 
fheadhainn  a  leanas.  "An  t-oileanach 
diirachdach,"  anns  am  bheil  e  air  beatha 
Mhr.  Iain  Mhic  an  Tòisich,  a  bha 
'teachd  a  mach  mar  mhinisteir  anns  an 
Eaglais  Shaoir  innseadh.  Tha  ni  comh- 
arraichte mu'n  leabhar  so  gu  'n  d'  thug 
e  do  'n  Eaglais  Shaoir  a  h-uile  sgillinn 
bhuanachd,  (a  rainig  caigionn  chiadan 
punnd  Sasunnach)  a  blia  aige  o  reic  an 
leabhair  so.  Sgriobh  e  mar  an  ceudna 
"An  sgoil  aig  an  tigh"  air  a  chur  a 
mach  'sa' bhliadhna  1856.  "Deborah," 
1857.  "An  Siiàthainòir,"  1861.  "An 
sean  cheannard  airm  's  a  mhac,"  1862. 
"Paipeirean  Sgireacbd,"  1862.  "Gu'n 
Ear,  1866,  " Easticai-d,"  anns  am  bheil 
e  'toirt  cunntais  thaitneich  air  turus  a 
thug  e  do  dh'  fhearan  a  gheallaidh  is 
do'u  Eiphit.  Thug  e  chnntas  ro-thait- 
neach,  ann  an  leabhar  a  chuir  e  macli 
an  uiridh,  air  an  turus  a  thug  e  air 
iarrtus  na  h-Eaglais  o  chionn  thri 
bliadhna,  do  dh'  Innsibh  na  h-aird-an 
Ear,  a  choimhead  na  missiojiaries. 
Chuir  e  mach  mar  an  ceudna  "Daibh- 
idh  Beag,"  agus  "  An  Truideag"  is  bha 
e  'na  Fheardeasacliaidh  aig  "Na  deagh 
Fhocaii"  a  tha  'teachd  a  mach  gach 
mios.  Mar  so  chi  sinn  gu'n  do  chaith 
e  a  bheatha  gu  saothrachail,  is  nach  do 
chaomhain  e  e  fein.  Tha  gach  aon  do 
nah-oibreansina'leigeilrischoòirdhearc 
is  a  bha  na  buadhau  iuntinn  aige,  is  mar 
an  ceudna  cho  f;\rsuing  'sa  bha  a  cho- 
fhaireachdainn,  is  cho  blath  'sa  bha  a 
chridhe.  Cha 'n 'eil  neach  a  lenghas 
na  leabhraichean  sin,  nach  mothaich 
gràdh  a'  dusgadh  'na  chridhe  dhasan  a 
sgriobh  iad.  Ach  is  ann  mar  Fhear- 
labhairt  a  bha  cuinhachd  comharraichte 
aige  thar  inutinnean  sluaigh.  B' urr- 
ainn  dha  a  rèir  a  mhiann  muinntir  a 
dhùsgadh  gu  luathghaire  ait,  no  an 
gluasad  gu  deòir  ashileadh.  Cha'n'eil 
neach  riabh  a  chuala  e  a  leigeas  gu  grad 
air  di-chuimhne  na  briathra  cumhach- 
dach  a  bhitheadh  gu  fileanta  rèidh  a' 
froiseadh  o  'bhilean.  Bha  e  air  leth 
cumhachdach  'sa'  chrannaig  is  anns  an 


142 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


CeudMlosan  Fhogharaidh,  1872. 


talla  far  am  biodh  labhairt  ri  'dheanadb. 
Acli  'saunan  uair  achoianicheadh  iieach 
airleisfèin  aim  an  uaigneas,  abha  bnaidh 
air  leth  aige,  is  a  bba  fior  mbaitheas 
agus  cumbacbd  an  duine  ri  am  faicinn. 
Db'  f  baodadb  iadsan  a  cbuala  e  a'  bxbb- 
airt  am  folais,  meas  as  urram  a  tboirt 
dba,  acb  bbeireadb  gacb  neacb  a  bba 
eòlacb  air,  is  a  cboinuicb  trie  an  uaig- 
neas e,  gràdb  tetb  dba  a  cridbe  diir- 
acbdacb.  Bba  e  cbo  iriosal,  caoimbneil, 
teò-cbridbeacb ;  cbo  Ian  do  cbo-fbair- 
eacbdainn  ri  deucbainnean,  agus  cruad- 
alan  muinntir  eile,  cbo  deas  gu  e  fein  a 
cbur  as  a  gbabbail  air  sou  an  uallaicb 
aca  aotromacbadb,  uacb  robb  e  comas- 
acb  do  neacb  air  bitb  a  b'  aitbue  e  gu 
ceart,  gun  gbradb  a  tboirt  dba.  DÌi'- 
fhaodadli  neacb  a  bbi  do  cbaocbladb 
barail  ris  air  iomadb  puinc  acb  cba'n'eil 
I  aon  a  b'  urrainn  àicbeadb  nacb  robb 
gradb  diiracbdadb,  fior,  aige  do  Cbriosd, 
agus  eud  dombain  aige  air  son  a  gblòir- 
san  a  cbur  am  meud.  Ma  bba  e  fior 
mxx  neacb  riamb,  bba  e  fior  mu  Tbor- 
mod  MacLeòid  "gu'n  robb  gradb 
Cbriosd  'g  a  cbo-(iigneacbadb."  B'  e 
run  agus  miann  a  cbridbe  an  còmb- 
nuidb  a  bbi  'deanadb  maitb  d'a  cbo- 
cbreutaireau  as  a  bbi  'g  an  treòracbadb 
gu  eòlas  air  an  neacb  ud  a  bba  comasacb 
air  beatba  a  tboirt  dboibb.  Is  ma  bba  e 
mar  so  iarrtasacbairadbleasnasadbean- 
adb  a  tbaobb  a  dbreucbd  is  oibribb  eile, 
cba  do  dbearmad  e  na  dleasdanais  a  bba 
luidlieairmarmbac,marfbearpòsda,agus 
mar  atbair.  Is  ainneambteagblacb  anns 
an  robb  gradb  is  carantacbd  air  an 
nocbdadb  a  tbaobb  gaol  a  cbeile  mar 
bba  iad  'san  teagblacb  aigesan.  B'urr- 
antar  mòran  a  ràdb  mu  dbdibbinn  so, 
acb  is  ni  ro  naomba  air  son  siiilean  an 
t-saogbal  diombaireacbd  an  tcagblaicb 
Cbriosdaidb,  is  air  an  aobbar  sin  gabb- 
aidb  sinn  tbarais  air  a  sin.  Cbaidb  iom- 
adb onair  cbur  air  ro  a  bbeatba.  Bba  e 
an  dliitb  cbaidreamb  is  cbairdeas  ris  a, 
Bban-rigb  is  r'a  teagblacb.  Bba  e  ann 
am  meas  àrd  a  measg  a  bhràitbre  anns 
a'  cblèir,  a  bbuilicb  air  an  onair  as  àirde 


a  tba  aig  an  Eaglais  Cblèireacbair'ri 
tboirt  seacbad  le  a  dbeanadb  'na  Ard 
Cbeann-suidbe  air  an  Ard-Sbean- 
adb.  Acb  cba  do  mbiigb  aon  do  na 
nitbean  sin  an  cridbe  blatb,  aige,  le  a 
bbi  'g  a  lionadb  le  àrdan.  Bba  e  gu 
criocb  a  bbeatba  iriosal  càirdeil,  is  mar 
so  a'  dearbbadb  nacb  b'  urrantar  na 
buadbau  ard  cinn  is  cridbe  a  bbuin- 
eadb  dba  mar  fbior  Gbàidbeal  a  mbill- 
eadb.  Ma  bba  ni  air  bitb  as  an  do 
rinn  e  uaill  is  ds  an  robb  e  bòsdail,  b'e 
so  e,  gu'm  buineadb  e  do  Fbinneacban 
clihiteacb  tir  nam  beann.  Cba  bbi  e 
furasda  an  t-àite  a  db'  fbàg  e  falamb  a 
lionadb,  is  cba  'n  fbaic  sinn  an  cabbaig 
a  sbamliuil  a  ritbis.  Tba  e  nis  'na 
cbadal  ri  taobb  "  Caraid  nan  Gàidbeal," 
fo  sgàile  nam  beann,  ann  an  cladh 
Gliam]isi,  anns  an  leapidh  cbaol,  far  am 
bbeil  fois  aig  lucbd  alabainis  sgis.  Slà 
leis.  Db'fbag  e  dileab  luacbmbor 
againn  'na  eiseimpleir.  Eiseimpleir  a 
tba  labbairt  ruinn  's  ag  radb 

"Bithibh  suas  mata  's  ag  obair 
Le  cridh'  gun  gheilt  roimh  chruas  an  t  saoghail 

A'  sior  leantuinn  'sa'  sior-bhuidhinn 
'Fùghlum,  faigbidin  is  saothair." 

Glascho,  \  P  "R 

Mios  doireanach  an  t-Samhraidh,  1872  /  -""  ^' 


DUBH-A'-GHIUBHAIS. 
Anns  na  laitbibb  a  db'  fbalbb  bba 
Alba  gu  leir  còmbdaicbte  le  coille 
gbiubbais.  Cbunnaic  rigb  Locblainn 
SCO,  agus  bba  mòr  fbarmad  air  ris  na 
b-Albannaicb,  oir  bba  iad  a  milleadh 
a  cbuid  fbèin  malairt,  agus  cbuir  e 
roimbe  gu'm  fiiigbeadb  e  teine  cbur  ris 
na  bba  cboille  'n  Alba.  Mar  seo  bba. 
Ciiuir  e  a  nigbean  a  db'ionusacbadb  na 
"Sgoile-Duibbe;"  agus  an  uair  a  bha 
i  air  a  fògblum,  cbuir  e  air  tir  i  ann  an 
Alba,  agus  a  b-ultacb  Ian  de  tbeine. 
Leis  an  ultacb  sin,  sbin  i  air  cur  teine 
ris  na  blia  de  cboille  'n  Alba.  Acb  cha 
deacb  i  fad  air  a  b-agbaidb  'nuair  a 
cbunnaic  na  b-Albannaicb  nacb  bu 
cbreutair  Criosdail  a  bb'  innte,  agus 
'sann  a  db'fbeucbadb  iad  an  robb  rian 
air  a  glacadh.     A  db'  aindeoin  an  cuid 


Ceud  Mios  an  Fhogharaidh,  1872. 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


143 


innleachdan  cha  glilacadh  iad  Dubh-a'- 
Gbiubhais  (oir  'se  sin  an  t-ainm  a  tbug 
na  h-Albannaicb  oirre,  tbaobh  'sgun 
robb  i  cbo  dubb  le  ceo  a'  ghiubbais  a 
bba  i  'cur  'na  tbeine).  Nam  faigheadb 
iad  idir  am  fagus  di,  dh'  èireadh  i  air 
iteig,  agus  cbo  luatb  's  a  bbiodh  i  gu 
maitb  suas  anns  an  iarmailt  bba  nial 
ag  iadbadb  mu'n  cuairt  di,  's'gafolacb 
0  gacb  neacb  a  bb'air  an  talamh.  Mar 
seo  bba  i  'gabhail  air  a  h-aghairt,  agus 
bha  e  'na  dbubb-fhocal  air  na  li-Alb- 
annaicb  cia  mar  a  gheibheadb  iad  a  cur 
gu  bàs.  Latba  dbe  na  làitbean  's  ann 
a  smuainieb  duine  de  mbuinntir  Locb- 
bbraoin  air  innleacbd  gu  cur  as  di,  nach 
cualas  riamb  roimbe  a  leitbid.  Tbuirt 
an  duine  seo,  gu'n  robb  Dubb-a'- 
Gbiubbais  eòlacb  air  sprèidb  bbo  b-òige, 
agus  na  'n  racbadb  'àl  fòin  a  tboirt  o 
gacb  seòrsa  beathaicb,  'n  uair  a  cbitb- 
eadbiadDubb-a'-gbiubbais anns  an  nial, 
gu'm  faodadb  i  teàrnadb  gu  talamb. 
Mar  seo  bba.  Cbaidb  mòran  sprèidbe 
'tbional  air  Acbadb-bad-a'-cbruiteir  'am 
bràigbe  Cbilldonnain,  ann  an  Locb- 
bbraon,  agus  air  do  'n  t-sluagb  an  nial 
anns  an  robb  Dubb-a'-gbiubbais  fbaic- 
inn,  gbrad  tbearb  iad  an  t-al  òg  o 
'màtbraicbean,  's  ma  tbearb !  's  ann  an 
sin  a  bba  gbleadbraicb — gacb  bo  a' 
geumraicb,  gacb  lair  a'  sitiricb,  gacb 
caora  'mèilicb,  gacb  gobbar  a'  meig- 
eadaicb,  'sgacb  seòrsa  beatbaicb  eile 
'sireadb  an  gnè  fein.  Cbuala  Dubb-a'- 
gbiubbais  am  fuaim  'san  troimbe-cbèile 
'bb'  air  an  acbadb,  's  tbèirinn  i,  acb  cba 
bu  luaitbe  'bbuin  a  buinn  ris  an  talamb 
na  cbaidb  a  tilgeadb  le  saigbead.  Laidb 
i  marbb  ann  an  sin,  agus  cba  robb  fbios 
CO  a  db'  adblaiceadb  i. 

Aig  an  am  bba  da  long  Locblainnicb 
ann  an  Camus-nan-Gall;  agus  air 
dbaibb  cluinntinn  gu  'n  d'  fbuair  nigh- 
eanan  rigb  bàs,  cbaidb  an  da  sgioba  a 
db'iarraidb  a  cuirp.  Cbuir  iad  'an 
caiseal-cbrò  e;  agus  gbiùlain  iad  e  a 
cbum  na  luingeis.  Sgaoil  iad  an  cuid 
sheòl;  acb  cba  bu  luaitbe  'sgaoil,  na 
dh'  eirich  an  doinnion  bu  gbailbbicbe 


'cbunnaic  mac  duine  riamb.  B'  eiginn 
tilleadb.  An  atb  la,  tbug  iad  gu  falbb, 
acb  db'  eiricb  an  doinnion  cbo  mòr  's  a 
bba  i  riamb.  Db'aindeoin  cbo  trie  'sa 
bbeireadb  iad  gu  falbb,  bba  an  aon  mbi- 
shealbb  a'  tigbinn  'n  an  car.  Agus  air 
dbaibb  gèilleadb  tbòrr  iad  Dubb-a'- 
gbiubbais  ann  an  Cill-  donnan.  Sbeòl  iad 
à  sin  do  Locblainn,  agus  air  an  t-sligbe, 
fbuair  iad  an  soirbbeas  a  b'  fheàrr  a 
fbuair  iad  riamb.  Db'innis  iad  do'n 
rigb  mar  'tbacbair.  Bba  e  fo  mbòr 
bbròn ;  agus  sin  gu  b-àraid,  air  sou  nach 
robh  duslacb  a  nigbinn  'na  laidhe  'an 
ùir  Locblainn.  Cbuir  e  'n  da  long 
cbeudna  air  an  ais  lucbdaicbte  le  ùir 
Locblainnicb;  agus  ràinig  iad  Cill- 
donnan.  'S  cba  bu  luaitbe  'ràinig  iad  na 
'cbuir  iad  an  tiir  air  tir,  agus  cbàirich 
iad  Dubb-a'-gbiubbais  innte;  agus  an 
'  neacb  leis  a'  miannacb  dii  e  a  h-uaigh 
gus  an  latba  'n  diugb. 

[Db'  innis  mise  a  nise  'n  sgeula  mu 
Dbubb-a'-gbiubbais,  agus  ma's  abreug 
nam    e,     's  breug     tbugam    e. — Iain 

MOIREASTON.] 


EACHDRAIDH  NA  SMUID- 

SHOITHEACH. 
LE  IAIN  MACILLEBHAIN. 

Cluinnear  am  beul  gacb  duine  gur 
lionmbor  agus  gur  iongantach  na  h-ùr- 
innleacbdan  agus  na  b-atharrachaidbean 
a  ghabh  àite  'n  ar  linn  's  an  diitbaich, 
acb  is  tearc  'n  ar  measg  na 's  urrainn 
innseadb  cuin,  c'  àite,  no  co  leis  a  tbòis- 
ich  moran  diubb.  Tba  mi  anns  na 
leanas  gu  oidhirp  a  tbabbairt,  gu  b-ath- 
ghearr  an  cainnt  mo'  dhùtbcha,  air 
cunntas  a  tbabbairt  air  aon  do  n'is 
comharraicbte  a  gbabb  àite  riar  cuimhne, 
cha  'u  e  mhàin  'n  ar  riogbacbd  fein  ach 
anns  an  t-saogbal. 

Tba  beacbd  agam  gu  math  an  uair  a 
bhitbeadh  muinntir  gu  dol  do  Ghlaschu 
o'n  cheàrna  so  d'  an  dùthaich,*  a  bhi 
'gan  cluinntinn  ag  ràdh  gu'm  bu  truagb 
gu'n  robb  a  choimhlion  loch  's  an  rath- 


Sgriobhadh  so  ann  an  Eisdeal. 


144 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


Ccud  MioB  aa    ogharaldh,  1872 


ad, — iiacli  ))n  ni  's  am  bitli  leo  an  t  as- 
dar  mar  l)lii  na  haisijj.  Is  ann  a  tlia 
daoine  'riis  air  caochladh  am  beachd  cho 
mor  's  p:iir  arm  a  tlia  iad  a'  caoidh  gu'm 
blieil  fcaraiin  Chiniitire  amis  an  ratliad, 
— gum  b'fhean*  gu'm  b'uis^e  an  t-sliglie 
gu  h-iomlan,  "s  gu  'm  faighte  air  aghart 
na  bn  hiaithe,  na  bu  shaoire,  agns  na  bu 
Bhocaive  no  air  slieol  's  am  bith  ci'e. 
M'  am  b'  urrainn  so  a  blii  b'  eiginn  gu  'n 
d'  flniaii-  daoine  doigli  a's  fearr  air  siublial 
air  an  uisge  na  bha  aca  riamli  roimlie. 
Cha  ruig  mi  leas  innseadli  gu'n  d'fliuair 
no  gar  li-i  iir-innleachd  na  Smùid- 
sboitheach  a  rinn  an  t-atliarracliadh. 

Sliaoileadli  dnine  uacb  bitheadh  e 
doirbh  'fliaotainn  a  raach  co  'rinn  a 
clieud  smùid-slioitheach,  a  tlia  cho 
eadar-dliealaichte  o  gacli  soitheach  eile, 
ach  cha  'n  ann  mar  sin  a  tha.  Clia  'n  e 
mbàìn  gu'n  robh  mòran  dhaoine  fa  leth, 
ach  bha  rloghaehdan  a'  sanntaehadh  'sa' 
stri  ri  'dheanadh  a  mach  gur  h-ann 
doibh  a  bhuineadh  cliù  agus  ainm  iir- 
innleachd  cho  comharraichte. 

Tha  na  Spàinntich  toileach  a  chur  an 
ceill  gur  h-ann  doibhsan  a  bhuineas  iir- 
innleachd  na  sraiiid-shoitheach,a  chionn 
gun  d'fhuair  iad  anns  a'  bhliadhna  182G. 
ann  an  tigh-tasgaidh,  paipeir  sgrioblita 
a  bha  'toirt  ciinutais  mu  fhear  d'  am 
b'ainm  Blasco  de-Garay  a  rinn,  anns  a' 
bhliadhna  1543,  innleachd  a  chur  ann  an 
Boitlieach  a  chuireadh  gu  seòladh  gu 
siùbhlach  le  coire  de  uisgc  goilcach. 
Shaoileamaid  n'  am  b'  fhior  so  gu  'n 
cuireadh  iad  gu  feum  e  anns  a'  bhliadhna 
1588,  an  uair  a  thug  iad  an  ionnsaidh 
air  Sasunn  leis  an  Armada  mhòir.  Is  i 
mo  bharail  an  àite  toiscach  a  bhi  aca 
gur  h-ann  a  bha  'sa  tha  iad  fathast  fada 
air  deireadh  air  na  coimhearsnaich  's  a' 
chùis.  Is  gann  a  chluinnear  iomrailh 
idir  air  smùid-shoitheach  Spàinnteach, 
agus  tha  e  mòran  ni 's  coltaiche  gu'n 
d'  rinn  iad  am  paipeir  anns  a'  bhliadhna 
1826  nagu'n  do  rinn  iad  smuid-shoith- 
each  anns  a'  bhliadhna  1543. 
-  Tha  Rasunn  ag  agradh  coir  air  an  ùr- 
innleachd  a  chionn  gu  'm  faighear  ann 


an  leabharan  beag  a  sgriobli  larla  Wor- 
cester anns  a'  bhliadhna  1665,  gu'n 
gabhadh  smùid-ìnnleachd  cnr  ann  an 
soitheach  a  bhitlieadb  ro  uiseil  a  cham 
loiiigis  a  shlaoiladh  a  stigh  no  raach  a 
acarsaidean,  ach  cha  chluinn  sinn  gu 'n 
deachaidli  so  ceum  ni  b'fhaide  na  bhi  an 
sgriul)liadh  agus  mar  sin  cha 'n  airidh  e 
air  a  bheag  de  shuim.  Tha  iad  a'  toirt 
oidhirp  eile  ann  a  bhi  ag  innseadh  gu'n 
d'  fliuair  fear  Jonathan  Hulls  anns  a' 
bhliadhna  1736,  Litir-Righ*  air  son 
gu  'n  robh  e  gu  soitheach  uidlieamach- 
adh  le  smuid-innleachd  a  sheMadh  loingis 
an  aghaidh  sruith  agus  soirbhis,  ach  cha 
mho  'tha  cùnntas  air  bith  gu  'n  deach- 
aidh  so  riamh  'fiieucliainn:  faodar  uime 
sin  a  chur  a  leth-taobh  mar  ubh  anns 
nach  robh  gur,  agus  gu  cinnteach  as 
nach  d'  thàinig  riamh  eun. 

An  aite  muinntir  Sliasuinn  a  bbi 
'feuchainn  a  thoirt  air  daoine  a  chreid- 
sinn  gu  'n  robh  làmh  aca  ann  an  ùr- 
ìnnleachd  na  smiìid-shoitheach,  b'fheàrr 
dlioibli  gun  a  bhi  a'  brosnachadh  dhaoine 
gu  bhi  a'  raniisachadh  ro  mhion  's  a' 
chùis,  oir  faodar  a  thilgeadh  orra  nach 
e  mhàin  nach  robh  iad  air  tlioiseach,  ach 
gur  ann  a  bha  iad  bliadhnachan  air 
deireadh  air  Albainn. 

Is  ann  a  Glaschu  a  ehaidh  a  chend 
sraùid-shaoitlieach  a  bha  riamh  ann  an 
Sasunn.  Toiseach  an  t-^amraidh  anns 
a'  bliliadlina  1815,  tliàinig  Captain 
Dodds  le  sgioba  a  Luimainn  a  cheann- 
ach  te  dhiubli.  Fiinair  o  an  Elizabeth. 
Uhubh  e  dlii  an  t-aiiim  is  'n  a  àite  choir 
e  air  a  deircadli  an  Thames.  Sheol  e 
leatlia  ratliad  I*]irinn  agus  mu 'n  cuairt 
iochdar  Sliasuinn  is  i  'n  a  hioghnadh  do 
na  chunnaic  i.  Ràinig  i  Phjmouth  mu 
mheadhon  an  t-samhraidh  far  an  d'fhuair 
i  latha  a  thoirt  cothroira  do  luchd-riagh- 
laidh  a  chalaidh  a  faicinn  agns  a  feucb- 
ainp,  is  i  'n  a  seajladh  do  mliiitean  nach 
faca  's  nacli  ciiaja  a'  bheag  de  iomradh 
riamh  air  a  leiiliid.  An  ath  latha  sbeòl- 
adb  leatba  gu  Poitsmouth  far  an  da 


*  Patent. 


Ceud  Mlogan  Fhogharaidh,  1872. 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


145 


chruinnich  na  miltean  'sna  deich  miltean 
g'a  faicinn — gach  neach  diubh  a'  meas 
na  Thames 'wn  h-ioghiiadh  do  labhairt. 
An  am  dhi  ruigheachd  bha  Inchd  riagh- 
laidh  naCabhlaich  Bhreatannaich*crainn 
ann  au  cuirt  's  cha  d'  f  han  iad  ri  sgaoil- 
eadh  ua  cuirt,  ach  ruith  iad  a  mach  mar 
chloinn  a  tigh-sgoil  a  dh'  fhaicinn  seall- 
aidh  nach  f  liacas  a  leithid  riamh  roimbe, 
agus  iad  fo  eagal  nach  beireadh  iad  air 
fhaicinn  a  rithisd.  Dh'  fhan  an  Thames 
latha  ann  am  Portsmouth  far  an  d' 
thàinig  coisiridh  rlomliach  air  bord — 
ceithir  àrd-cheaniiardan  loingis,  mòran 
mhnathan  uaisle,  saighdeirean  mara  agus 
buidheann  de  luchd-ciùil;  ach  bu  bheag 
d'  an  ceol  a  chluiiinte  an  am  dol  seachad 
air  loingis  na  cabhlaich  a  bha  'sa'  chaladh, 
le  àrd-chaitlu'eam  nan  seòladairean  a  bu 
leòir  a  dhùsgadh  mhic-talla  feiii  as  a 
shuain.  An  am  pilleadh  mu  fheasgar 
bha  gach  neach  a'  raohidh  butiidhean  as 
murrachas  na  Thames.  An  deigh  so 
shaoileamaid  nach  ruigear  leas  a  bhi 
'cosd  cainnt  ann  a  bhi  'dearbhadh  nach 
buin  an  innleachd  do  Shasunn.  Na'm 
bitheadh  dad  de  'n  t  seorsa  roimiie  so 
aca  fein,  cha  deanadh  iad  a  leithid  de 
othail  ri  aon  a  thigeadh  jI  Albainn. 

Is  iad  na  h- Americanaich  is  dh\ithe  a 
dh'fhaodas  dol  air  cliù  agus  creideas  na 
h-ùr-ìnnleachd  a  thoirt  uainn.  Is  iad 
gun  teagamh  a  chuir  ^n  feum  an  toiseach 
i.  Kiim  fear  dhiubh  d'  am  b'  ainra 
Robert  Fulton,  anus  a'  bhliadhna  1807, 
smùid-shoitheach  d'  am  b'  ainra  an 
Clairmont  a  chur  gu  glens  air  an  abhainn 
mhor  au  Hudson  agus  b'  e  so  a'  cheud 
chosnadh  a  chaidh  a  dheanadh  riamh 
leò.  Cba  robh  iad  air  an  cur  gu  ùis 
an  Albainn  roimh 'n  bhliadhna  1812,  an 
uair  a  chuireadh  an  Comet  an  ordugh  ie 
Henry  Bell  ann  an  Glaschu,  gidheadh, 
tha  mi  an  dochas  gu  'n  dean  mi  soilleir 
nach  iad  na  h-Americanaich  ach  na  h- 
Albannaich,  agus  gur  e  fear  a  mhuinntir 
Dhiinfris  d'  am  b'  aium  Seumas  Taylor, 
an  duine,  leis  an  do  rinneadh  a  cheud 


Adniirality. 


smùid-shoitheach. 

Bha  Seumas  Taylor  air  fhòglilum  ana 
an  àrd  Oil  thigh  Dhuneidinn.  Bha  e  ro 
thiirail  agus  toigheach  air  a  bhi  'dealbh 
's  a'  feuchainn  innleachd.  Chaidh  e 
anns  a  bhliadhna  1785  do  theaghlach 
Mr.  Patrick  Miller  ann  an  Dalswin- 
ton  a  theagasg  a  chloinne.  Bha  Mr. 
Miller  mar  an  ceudna  'n  a  dhiiine  inn- 
leachdach  agus  mar  so  thachair  iad  air 
a  cheile.  Fhuair  iad  bata  a  thogail  air 
son  reis  a  bha  ri  feuchainn  ann  an  Lite 
'sa'  bhliadhna  1787.  Bha  am  bata  air 
cumadh  ùir  agus  an  aite  bhi  air  a  cur 
air  falbh  le  raimh  's  ann  a  bha  cuibheall 
ag  oibreachadh  'na  meadhon.  Bhuidh- 
inn  iad  an  reis  ach  chunnaic  iad  gu  'n 
robh  am  bata  cho  goirt  ri  h  oibreachadh 
's  nach  bu  chomasach  do  dhaoine  a 
sheasadh, — gu  'm  feumta  an  dara  cuid  a 
chuibheall  a  leagadh  seachad  no  innleachd 
a  bu  chumhachdaiche  na  neart  dhaoine 
fhaotainn  'ga  h-oibreachadh.  An  deigh 
breathnachadh  air  a'  chùis  thubhairt 
Mr.  Taylor  nach  b'  aithne  dha  ni  cho 
freagarrach  ri  smùìd-innleachd  a  dh'oib- 
richeadh  gu  sùr  Jail  gun  fhàs  sgìth,  Cha 
robh  Mr.  Miller  'ga  fhaicinn  cho  freag- 
arrach, ach  ma  dheireadh  dh'  aontaich  e 
leis  cho  fada  's  gu'n  deachaidh  l)irlinn  a 
thogail  agus  sraùid-inneal  beag  de  umha 
a  chàradh  an  ordugh  innte  's  a  mach  air 
loch  uisge  Dhalsicintoin  chaidh  a  feuch- 
ainn a's  sheoladh  i  gu  siùbhl:ch  mu 
choig  mile  's  an  uair,  an  sealladh  nan 
ceudan  a  chruinnich  a  dh'  fhaicinn  bata 
a  falbh  cho  luath  gun  ramh,  gun  seòl, 
chithear  fathast  ann  am  paipeirean 
naigheachd  an  am  sin  mion  chunntas  air 
soirbheachadh  na  ceud  oidhirp  a  chaidh 
riamh  a  thoirt  air  soitheach  no  bata  a 
chur  gu  h-asdar  le  smùidinneal. 

Shoirbhich  leò  cho  maith  's  gu  'n  do 
chuir  iad  rompa  an  ùr-ìimleachd  a 
thionndadh  gu  ùis  a's  buannachd  gnn 
dàil  am  beachd  Litir-righ  fhaotainn  chum 
a  dheanadh  cinnteach  dhoibh  fein.  M'am 
bitheadh  iad  aig  cosdas  a  cheum  so 
riinaich  iad  tuillidh  dearbhaidh  fathast 
a  chur  air  a  chùis  le    soitheach   beag 


146 


AN    GAIDHEAL.  CeudMloganFhogharaidh,  »872. 


fhaotainn  a  thogail.  Chaidh  Mr,  Taylor 
gu  fiiirneis  mbòir  Charrobi  a  cbam  iia 
buill  throma  iarruinn  fhaotainn  a  thilgeil 
air  son  na  smùid-ìnnleachd  a  bha  ri  'cur 
anns  an  t-soitlieach  ùr  agus  a  chum  an 
obair  a  bheairteachadh  an  òrdugh  innte. 
ThuarasdaUiich  è  fear  d*  am  b'  aium 
Symiiigton  a  bha  ag  oibreachadh  a  roir 
stiùradh  Mhr.  Taylor  fhein.  Chaidh 
an  soitheach  a  chriochnachadh  'sa  feuch- 
ainn  an  lathair  mhòran,  uaislean  as 
chamanta  air  a'  Chanal  dh"ith  do  Char- 
ron  air  an  26mh  latha  do  mhios  deir- 
eannach  na  bUadhna  1789.  Dh'fhalbh- 
adh  i  gn  siùbhlach,  socair  a'  ruith  so 
mile  's  an  nair,  's  bha  gach  duiue  a'  mol- 
adh  Ian  shoirbheachadh  na  h-ùr-ìnn- 
leachd.  Shaoileadh  duine  gu'm  bu  leòir 
na  chaidh  cheana  ainmeachadh  gu 
'dhearbliadh  gur  ann  do  Albainn  gun 
teagamh  a  bhuineas  ùr-lnnleachd  na 
smùid-shoìtheach  'sguregn  sonraiehte 
Mr.  Seumas  Taylor  an  duine  adh'oib- 
rich  a  mach  i.  (Ri  leantainn). 

0 ' 

R A  N  N  AN 

AIR  AN  SgRÌOBHADH  AIG  BAS  AON  GHIN  MIC. 

A  Chailean,  a  Chailean,  a  Chailea  „  ruin, 
Gur  cràiteach  mo  chridhe  's  na  deòir  ann 

am  shixil, 
Tham'iniitinn  fo  mhulad't 

gun  simnt, 
Bho'n  dh'  fhà^  mi  mo  Chailean  's  an  Ach- 

adh  fo  'n  ùir. 
That'aogas  gach  latha  fa  chomhair  mo  shuil! 
'Sgu'n  saoil  mi  mar  àbhaist  gu'm  bheil  thu 

dhomh  dlutli 
Led'  a^^haidh  mhin  bhòidheich  'sdo  mheall 

shùilean  gorm', 
'Sdobhileananisnachdeanmànrannotoirm. 

Gur  trom  tha  mo  cheum  a'  tighinn  dach- 

aiiih  's  an  oidhch', 
Is  bristeadh  's  a  cbròilean  a  b'  àbhuist  bhi 

cruinn. 
Bidh  c;ich  'tÌKhinn  a  m'  choinnearah  's  a 

streupadh  ri  m'  ghliiin, 
Ach  aon  dhiùbh  tha  m'  dhith  is  cha  till  e  ri 

iiin. 
Cha  'n  'eil  bnUhair  a  nis  aig  do  pheath- 

raichean  gaoil, 
'S  tha  t'  athair  's  do  mhàthair  'g  ad  ionnd- 

rain  o'n  taobh; 


Ach  dh'  iarr  thu  mu'n  d'f  hag  thu  nach  robh 

sinn  ri  caoidh. 
Is  sùil  bhi  ri  dachaidh  a  mhaireas  a  chaoidh 

'N  uair  a  shiab  thu  na  deòir  o  ar  siiilean 

bha  Ian, 
'S  a  phaisg  thu  ar  muineal  a'd'  ghàirdeanan 

ban', 
'Sa  phòg  thu  le  aiteas  gach  scan  agus  òg, 
'Sa  dh'fheum  sinn  a  ghealltainn nach  bith- 

eamaid  ri  bròn. 

Oh  athair,  a  mhathair,  a  pheathraichean 

gràidh ! 
Mo  bheannachd  a  nis  leibh  gu  slorruidb 

's  gu  bràth, 
Is  leanaibh  an  caraid  'thug  mise  as  gach  càs. 
'S  gu'n  coinnich  sinn  far  nach  teid  sgaradh 

le  has. 
Cha  robh  thu  ach  òg  ann  an  saoghal  a'  bhròin. 
Ochd  bliadhna  's  seachd  laithean  a  f  huair 

sinn  ort  coir ; 
Ach  esan  'thug  dhuinn  thu  's?  nis  a  thug 

uainn, 
Bheir  neart  gu  bhi  striochdte  d'a  thoil  anns 

gach  uair. 
Ledaig,  May,  1872.  John  Campbell, 

0 

SGEULACHD  SGIRE  MA  CHEALLAIG., 

Bha  Gille  ò<,'  ann  uair  's  chaidh  e  dh 
iarraidh  mnà  do  Sgire  ma  Cheallaig,  agus 
phòs  e  nighean  tuathanaich,  'scha  robh  aig 
a  h-athair  ach  i  fhein,  agus  'nuair  a  thàinig 
am  huain  na  mòine,  chaidh  iad  do  'n  bhlàr 
mhòine  'n  an  ceathrar.  'S  chuireadh  a' 
bhean  òg  dhachaidh  air  thòlr  na  diathad, 
agus  airdol  a  staigh  dhi  chunnaic  i  srathair 
na  lài-ach  bricc  fos  a  cionn,  agus  thòisich  1 
air  caoineadh  's  air  riidli  rithe  fèin,  de  a' 
dhcanadh  ise  nan  tuiteadh  an  t  srathair, 
's  a,u'm  raarbhadh  i  i  fciin  'sua  bha  air  a 
siubhal?  'N  uair  a  b'  fhada  le  luchd  buain 
na  mòine  a  bha  i  gun  tighinn  chuir  iad  a 
niàthair  air  falbh  a  shealltuinn  de  bha  'g 
a  cumail-  'N  uair  a  riiinig  a'  chailleach 
fhuair  i  a'  bhean  òg  a'  caoineadh  a  steach, 
"Air  tighinn  ormsa,''  ars'  ise,  "de  a  thàinig 
riut?"  "0,"  ars' ise,  "'nuair  a  thainig  mi 
steach  chunnaic  mi  Srathair  na  làrach  brice 
fos  mo  chionn,  's  do  'dheanainn-sa  na  'n 
tuiteadh  i  's  gu  'ra  marbhadh  i  mi  fhein  's 
na  tha  air  mo  shiubhal!"  Bhuail  an  t-seana 
bhean  a  basan.  "Thàinig  ormsa  an  diugh! 
na  'n  tachradh  sin,  de  a  dhcanadh  tu,  na 
mise  leat;"  Bha  na  daoine  a  bha  'sa'  bhlàr 
mhùin'  a'  gabhail  fadachd  nach  robh  aon 


Ceud  Mios  an  Fhogharaidh,  1872. 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


147 


de  na  boireannaich  a'  tighinn,  o  'n  bhuail 
an  t-acras  iad. 

Dh'  fhalbh  an  seann  duine  dhachaidh  a 
dh'  fhaicinn  du  'bha  a'  cumail  nam  Boireann- 
ach,  agus  "n  nair  a  chaidh  e  steach,  'sann  a 
fhuair  e  'n  dithis  a'  caoineadh  's  a'  bas- 
bhualadh.  "Ochon,"  ars'  esan,  "  de  a 
thàinig  oirbh !"  " 0 "  ars'  an  t-seana bhean, 
"  'niiair  a  tbàinig  do  nighean  dhachaidh,  nach 
fac'  i  Srathair  na  làrach  brice  fos  a  cionn, 
'sde  a  dheanadh  ise  na  'n  tuiteadh  i  'sgu  'm 
marbhadh  i  i-fein  's  na  bha  air  a  siubhah" 
"Thàinig  orms'  "  ars'  an  seann  diiine  's  e 
bualadh  nam  bas,  na  'n  tachradh  sin." 
Thàinig  an  duin'  òg  am  beul  na  h-oidhche  Ian 
acrais,  's  fhuair  e'ntriùir  a' comh-chaoineadh. 
"Ubh  ubh,''  ars'  esan  gu  de'  a  thàinig  oirbh. 
Dh'innis  an  seann  duine  dha.  "  Ach,"  ars' 
esan,  cha  do  thuit  an  t-srathair."  'Nuair  a 
ghabh  e  biadli  chaidh  e  laidhe,  agus  anns 
a'  mhaduinn  thubhairt  esan,  "Cha  stad  mo 
chas  gus  gu  'm  faic  mi  triùir  eile  cho 
gòrach  ruibh.  Dh'  fhalbh  e  so  air  feadh 
Sgire  ma  cheallaig,  agus  chaidh  e  steach  do 
thaigh  ann,  agus  cha  robh  duine  a  steach 
ach  triiiir  bhan  's  iad  a'  sniomh  air  còig 
Cuigeilean.  "  Cha  chreid  mi  fhein,"  ars' 
esan,  gur  h-ann  a  mhuinntir  an  àite  so  a  tha 
sibh."  "  Ta,"  ars'  iadsan,  "  Cha  'n  ann; 
cha  chreid  sinn  fhein."  "  'S  cha  'n 
ann,"  ars'  esan.  "  Mata,"  ars'  iadsan  "  tha 
na  daoine  a  tha  's  an  àite  so  cho  faoin,  's 
gu  'n  toir  sinn  a  chreidsinn  orra  a'  h-uile  ni 
a  thoileachas  sinn  fein."  "  Mata,"  ars'  esan, 
"  tha  fàine  òir  agam  'an  so  agus  bheir  mi  e 
do  'n  te  agaibh  a's  feàrr  a  bheir  a  chreidsinn 
air  an  duine."  A'  cheud  fhear  a  th;\inig 
dhachaidh  de  na  daoine  thuirt  a  bhean  ris, 
"Tha  thu  tinn."  "Ambheil?"  ars'  esan. 
"  0  tha,"  thuirt  ise.  "  Cuir  dhiot  do  chuid 
aodaich  's  bi  a'  dol  a  laidhe."  Einn  e  so ; 
agus  'nuair  a  bha  e  anns  an  leabaidh,  thuirt  i 
ris,  "Tha thu  nise  marbh."  "O  am  bheil?" 
ars'  esan.  "Tha,"  thuirt  ise,  "duin  do 
shuilean  's  na  gluais  làmh  no  cas."  Agus 
bha  e  so  marbh.  Thainig  an  so  an  dara 
fear  dhachaidh,  agus  thubhairt  a  bhean  ris, 
"Cha  tu  a  th'ann  "  "0  nach  mi?"  ars'  esan 
''0  cha  tu,"  thuirt  ise.  'S  dh'  fhalbh  e  's 
thug  e  a'  choille  air.  Thàinig  an  so  an 
tritheamh  fear  a  dh'  ionnsuidh  a  thaighe 
fhein,  agus  chaidh  e  fhein  's  a  bhean  a 
laidhe,  's  chaidh  gairm  a  mach  am  màireach 
chum  an  duine  marbh  a  thiodlilacadh;  ach 
cha  robh  a  bhean-san  a'  leigeil  leis-san 
eiridh  gu  dhol  ann.  'Nuair  a  chunnaic  iad  an 
giùlan  a'  dol  seachad  air  an  uineig  dli'  iarr 


i  air  a  bhi  'g  eiridh.  Dh'  eirich  e  'n  so  le 
cabhaig  mhòir  's  bha  e  'g  iarraidh  a  chuid 
aodaich  's  e  air  chall,  's  thubhairt  a  bhean 
ris  gu  'n  robh  a  chuid  aodaich  uime.  "Am 
bheil,"  ars' esan,  "Tha,"  ars' ise.  "Greas 
thusa  ort  gus  'm  beir  thu  orra."  Dh'fhalbh 
e  'n  so  'n  a  chruaidh  ruith,  agus  an  nair  a 
chunnaic  cuideachd  a'  Ghiùlain  an  duine 
lomnochd  a'  tighinn  smaoinich  iad  gur  duine 
e  a  bha  as  a  chiall,  's  theich  iad  fein  air 
falbh,  's  dh'  f  hag  iad  an  Giùlan,  agus  sheas 
an  duine  lomnochd  aig  ceann  na  ciste 
mhairbh,  agus  thainig  duine  a  nuas  as  a' 
choille,  agus  thubhairt  e  ris  an  duine  a  bha 
lomnochd,  '  'Am  bheil  thu  'gam  athnachadh? ' ' 
"Cha'n'eil  raise,"'  ars  esan  "'gad  athnachadh." 
"0  cha'n'eil;  na'm  bu^mhi  Tòmas  dh' 
aithuicheadh  mo  bhean  fuin  mi."  "  Ach 
car  son"  ars'  esan,  a  tha  thusa  lomnochd?" 
"•Am  bheil  mi  lomnochd?  Ma  tha  thubh- 
airt mo  bhean  ruim  gu  'n  robh  m'  aodach 
umam."  "  'S  i  mo  bhean  'thubhairt  riumsa 
gu  'n  robh  mi  fhein  marbh,"  ars'  a'  fear  a 
bha  'sa'  chiste."  Agus  an  nair  a  chuala  na 
daoine  am  marbh  a'  bruidhinn  thug  iad  na 
buinn  àsta  's  thainig  na  mnathan  's  thug  iad 
dhachaidh  iad,  agus  's  i  bean  an  duine  a  bha 
marbh  a  fhuair  am  fàine,  agus  chunnaic 
esan  an  sin  triiir  cho  g('irach  ris  an  trùir  a 
dh'  f  hag  e  aig  an  taigh,  agus  thill  esan 
dhachaidh. 

Agus  chunnaic  esan  an  sin  bata  a'  dol  a 
dh'  iasgach,  agus  chimntadh  da  dhuine 
dheug  a'  dol  a  steach  do  'n  bhàta,  agus  an 
uair  a  thainig  i  gu  tir  cha  robh  innte  ach  aon 
duine  deug.  'S  cha  robh  fios  cò  am  fear  a 
bha  air  chall.  Agus  am  fear  a  bha  'g  an 
cimntadh  cha  robh  e'ga  chimntadh  fhein idir, 
agus  bha  esan  a'  coimhead  so.  "  Ge  de  an 
duals  a  bheir  sibh  dhòmhsa  na  'm  faighinn 
am  fear  a  tha  air  chall  oirbh?"  "  Gheibh 
thu  duals  air  bith  ma  gheibh  thu'n  duine," 
thubhairt  iadsan.  "Deanaibh,"  ars' esan, 
"suidhe  ri  taobh  a  cheile  ma  tha."  Agus 
rug  e  air  siulpan  maidc,  agus  bhuail  e  an 
ceud  fhear,  "Bitheadh  cuimhne  agadsagun 
i-obh  thu  fhein  innte."  Lean  e  air  am 
bualadh  gus  an  d'  fhuair  e  naire  da  dhuine 
dheug  's  e  'cur  full  gu  feur  orra,  agus  ged  a 
bha  iad  pronnta  agus  leòinte  cha  robh 
comas  air,  bha  iad  toilichte  air  son  gu  'n 
d'  fhuaradh  an  duine  a  bha  air  chall,  agus 
air  chill  pàidheidh  's  ann  a  rinn  iad  cuirm 
do'n  duine  a  fhuair  am  fear  a  bha  air 
chall. 

Bha  loch  aig  tuath  Sgire  ma  Cheallaig 
air  am  bitheadh  iad  a'  cur  eisg,  agus  ars* 


148 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


Ccud  Mlosim  Fho^haraidh,  1872. 


esan  '"S  ann  bu  ch'iir  dluiibh  an  loch  a 
thràgha-lh  gus  am  faiglieadh  sibh  iasg  ùr 
chim  na  Cuirme ;"  agus  nuaira  thràghadhan 
loch  cha  d'fhuaradh  dearg  cisg  air 
ach  aon  casgann  rahòr.  Thubhairt  iad  an 
so  gu  'm  b'  i  sud  a'  bhiist  a  dh'  ith  an 
t-iasg  orra.  Rug  iad  oirre  an  so  agus  dh' 
fhalbh  iad  leatha  gu  'bathadh  's  a'  nihuir; 
agus  an  uair  a  chunnaic  esan  so  dh'  fhalbh 
e  dhachaidh,  agus  air  an  rathad,  chunnaic 
e  ceathrar  dhaoine  a'  cur  suas  mart  gu 
mullach  taighe  gus  an  itheadh  i  am  feur  a 
bha  'cinntinn  air  mullach  an  taighe. 
Chunnaic  e  'n  so  gu  'm  bu  dhaoine  gun 
samhuil  sluagh  Sg'ire  ma  Cheallaig.  "Ach," 
ars'  esan,  "  de  'n  duais  a  bheir  sibh 
dhomhsa,"  's  bheir  mi  nuas  am  feur?" 
Chaidli  e  's  ghe'irr  e  'm  feur,  thug  e  do  'n 
mhart  e,  agus,  dh  imich  e  roimhe.  Chunn- 
aic e  'n  so  duine  a'  tighinn  's  mart  aigc  ann 
an  cairt,  agus  dh'  aithnich  daoine  a'  bhaile 
gur  h-e  goid  a'  mhairt  a  rinn  am  fear  so. 
"  Agus  's  e  bu  choir  mod  a  chur  air."  Mar 
so  rinn  iad;  agus  's  e  'n  ceartas  a  rinn  iad 
an  t-each  a  chur  gu  bàs  air  son  a  bhi 
'giulan  a'  mhairt. 

Agus  gu  dearbhadh  a  thoirt  dhuibhse 
gu  'm  bheil  an  sgeulachd  so  fiòr  's  c  so  a 
thug  air  lain  Lorn  am  Bard  a  cluin- 
tuinn : — 

"  Mar  laf^h  nan  Iinntean  nach  maireann 
A  bha'n  Sjjfire  ma  Cheallaisr 
'Nuair  a  dhit  iad  an  gearran  'sa'  mhòd.'" 


Bheirear  an  nochd  iad  'n  ar  làthair, 
Ged  bhiodh  cas  againn  'n  an  gearradh. 
Cuirear  an  tigh  mòr  gu  straighlich, 
Bidh  na  coinnleirean  'g  an  glanadh; 
Bidh  na  ban-oglaich  ri  fuineadh 
Chum  nach  faicear  duine  falamb. 


DUAN  CALLUINNE. 
Le  I.  M'D. 
B  i  nochd  Oidhche  na  Bliadhn'-Uire — 
Oidhche  nan  liiiroach  's  nan  caman; 
Cuirear  cuilean  anns  na  diiiu 
Is  rud  eile  nach  fhih  dhomh  aithris; 
Theid  coltar  a'  chroinn  a  shàthadh 
Ann  an  àrd-dhorus  an  tighe 
Chum  nach  toir  buidseach  na  Sithe 
Thoradli  no  'bhrigh  as  a  bhainne. 
Bha  i  riamh  'na  h-oidhche  shona; 
Chuireadh  i  sogan  air  fearaibh; 
Bhiodh  na  maighdeannan  'n  an  uidheam; 
'S  gheibhteadh  bruidhiim  o  gach  caillich. 
Oidhche  'n  aighir,  oidhche  'n  t-siigraidh, 
Oidhch'a'  cliiiiil,  is  oidhche  'n  drama; 
Gheibh  gach  duine  s  ainmhidh  'ndlol; 
*Sgur  fear  nach  fhiach  nach  faigh  a  bliannag 

Na  mullachagan  leathan,  liontaidh, 
Bh'  aca  fad  bliadlm'  air  an  f  haradh, 


FREAGRADH  GAOIL. 
Do  "Fhàilte  Gaoil"  le  Lilidh  nan  Eilean". 

A  Lilidh  ghrinn.  a  Lilidh  Ghaoil, 

Bu  chaoine  leam  bha  f  òr:in 
Na  mile  tend  gu  fonnmhor  caomh 

An  r;ion  na  coille  dhòmhail 
'N  uair  dhuisgoadh  seis  nan  allt  's  na  gaoith 

Gu  fuaimneach.  gaoireach  còmhlath; 
Thug  t'  Fhàilte  Ghaoil  le  tuigse  naoirah 

Gràdh  Daonna  's  Nèimh  gu  còrdadh. 

A  Lilidh  bhinn,  a  Lilidh  chòrr 

0  mhils'  do  phòig  'nuair  dh'fh.-ig  mi 
Do  m'  chrldh'  aon  chaoimhneas  gaoil  cha 
b'eòl 

Ach  leòn  nach  searg  gu  bràthach ; 
Bha  seirbhe  dhian  a'  cl.ioidh  ma  threòir 

Le  deòir  ainntinn  chraiteich; 
'S  luidh  neulaibh  ciàn'  le  sileadh  bròin 

Air  m'  òig'  'dh'  fhas  tiamhaidh  ànrach. 

A  Lilidh  chaoin,  a  Lilidh  bh;\n, 

0  c'àit  am  bhcil  ar  bòidean! 
Dh  fliàs   raise  trungh  o  'n  bhacadh  gràs 

O  'n  Aird  a  m'  chumail  còmhnard; 
0  m'  an  am  claoidht'  an  doimhueachd  cràidh 

Nach  tràigh  cho  fad  's  as  beò  mi! — 
'Na  pian  bidh  cuimhne  m'fhoill  gu  bràth 

'S  i  saor  0  bhtis  a'  m'  òran. 

0  Lilidh  Ghaoil!  A  Ghaoil!  Gabhtruas! 

Oir  chuartaicheadh  o  Nramh  mi 
Le  mallachd  tbroin  is  seargadh  cruaidh 

Air  nach  teid  luaidh  fo  'n  ghrcin  so! 
0  maitheanas!  cha  "n  iarr  mi  uait; 

Cha'n  fhuasgail  sud  o  'n  phein  mi; 
Rinn  mi  long-bhriseaJh  shearbli ;  "s  a  cuan 

Na  truaigh  cha'n  iarr  mi  eiridh! 


A  ghathan  grein'  a  las  tre  neoil 

An  òig'  na  maidne  ciiiine, 
Bidh  cuimhne  gheur  learn  lein  ri  m'  blieò 

Air  bòidhchcad  na  bha  dliith  duinn. 
'N  uair  luidh  bhur  leus  air  stiic  is  Ion 

'Toirt  dec)  is  càil  as  ùr  duinn, 
Is  sinno  'n  glacaibh  gaoil  gun  ghò 

Air  bruachaig  fheòir  ghlais  chiibhraidh. 


tCeud  Mlosan  Fhogharaidh,  1872. 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


149 


An  d'  thug  sibh  leibh  air  sgèith  bhur  soills' 

An  t-aoibhneas  'bha  'n  ar  sngradh 
Gil  tir  a'  Ghil  far  nacli  'eil  doills' 

A  chaoidh  ri  'faicinn  dlix  di? 
A  cheòlairean  a  b'fhonnmhoir'  dain 

A'  snàmh  an  tlàs  coill'  ùrail' 
An  cuimhne  leibh  a'  nihaduinn  ghràidh 

A  dh'  fhàs  a  nis  clio  ciiiirrteacli? 
Bu  mhaiseach  àill  nan  craobh  mu'n  cuairt, 

'S  iad  naine  fo  li  greine ! 
Is  b'  ait  an  sealladh  amharc  suas 

Air  snuadli  na  doimhn'  's  na  speuraibli 
Ach  dh'  fhalbh  gach  àgh,  a  Lilidh  bhàn, 

Tha  cràdh  an  àite  èibhnis; 
Is  slige  'ghràidh  air  lionadh  Ian 

De  leòn  nach  tràigh  's  nach  treig  sinn. 
IAIN  MACMHARAH. 


MO  MHATHAIR. 

Co  thog  mi  air  a  ciochaibh  tlà, 
'Sa  thàlaidh  mi  gu  suain  le  bàigh, 
'S  a  dh'  altrum  mi  'na  h-uchd  le  gradh? 
Mo  mhàthair. 

'Nuair  theich  an  codal  fada  nam, 
Co  thog  an  guth  bu  bhinne  fuaim, 
Air  chor's  gu'n  thuit  mi  ann  am  shuain? 
Mo  mhàthair. 

■Co  dh'  fhair  thairis  orm  gu  caomh, 

'S  mi  'm  luidhe  anns  a'chreathail  fhaoin, 

'S  a  shil  na  deòir  le  bàigh  co  caoin? 

Mo  mhàthair. 

Fo  euslainte  'nuair  bha  mi'n  sàs, 

O  am  gu  h-àm  ni"s  laige  'fas, 

Co  ghuil  le  geilt  gu'm  faighiun  biis? 

Mo  mhàthair. 

Co  ruith  gu  dian  gu  m'  thogail  suas, 
'Sa  chogair  sgeula  beag  a'  m'  chluais, 
'Sa  phòg  air  falbh  mo  Icon  le  truas? 

Mo  mhàthair, 

Co  air  ùrnuigh  dhùisg  mo  dhèigh, 

Do  fhocal  naonih  a's  latha  Dhe, 

Gu  triall  'na  shlighe  dhireach  reidh? 

Mo  Mhàthair. 

Am  feud  e  bhith  nach  deanar  leam, 
Caidreamh  a's  caoimhneas  riut  gach  am, 
A  bha  CO  bàigheil  chaoimhneil  rium, 

Mo  mhàthair? 

Cha  'n  flieud — b'e  sin  a  bhi  gun  truas, 
'S  ma  chumas  Dia  mo  bheatha  suas, 
'Cha  bhi  do  chaoimhneas  dliomh  gun  duais 
Mo  mhathair. 


Nuair  dh'  f  hasas  tusa  lag  sa'  cheum, 
Gheibh  thu  lorg  o  m'  ghairdein  fèiu, 
S  bithidh  mi  a'  m'  thaice  dhuit  a'  d'  fheum, 

Mo  mhathair. 
'Nuair  chailleas  tu  do  luth  's  do  threòir, 
Ni  mi  faireadh  ort  le  deoir, 
A  dh'oidhch'  's  a  latha  bi'dh  mi  d'  choir, 

Mo  Mhathair. 


NAIDHEACHDAN. 

Thug  sinn  iomradh  uair  no  dha  cheana 
mu'n  OUa  Libhingston  a  tha  o  cheann 
aireamh  bhliadhnachan  ann  am  meadhon 
Africai.  Einneadh  oidhirp  air  dòigh  no  dha 
air  'fhaotainn  a  mach  o  'n  a  sgaoil  sgeul 
ceithir  bliadhna  roimhe  so  gu  'n  robh  e  air 
a  mharbhadh,  ach  cha  d' fhuaradh  fios  cinnt- 
each  'sam  bith  mudh(nbhinn.  Fa-dheòidh, 
ghabh  Mr.  Stanley,  duine  uasal  tapaidh  a 
a  tha  co-cheangailte  ris  a'  phaipcir-naidh- 
cachd  Americanach  New-York  Herald,  os 
làimh  dol  air  tòir  Libhingston  do  mheadhon 
Africai.  Dh' fhalbh  e,  air  uidheamachadh 
gu  h-iomchuidh,  agus  mu  thoiseach  a' 
Gheamhraidh  fhuair  e  mach  Libhingston 
leis  and  d'fhan  e  mu  cheithir  miosa.  'N 
uair  a  ràinig  Mr.  Stanley  bha  e  air  briseadh. 
gu  mòr  'n  a  shlàintc,  ach  mu  'n  do  dheal- 
aich  c  ris  'san  Earrach  bha  c  air  fas  gu 
maith  liiidir  agus  beothail.  Tha  Mr.  Stanley 
a  nis  air  tighinn  air  ais  gu  Sasunn  agus  mac 
Libhingston  agus  feadhainn  a  bha  a'  dol  a 
dh'iarruidh  'athar  air  tilleadh  leis.  Dh' 
f  hàgadh  Libhingston  a'  rannsachadh  a  mach 
mu  abhnaichean  's  mu  lochan  an  Africa; 
dli'fhàgadh  pailteas  de  gach  ni  feumail 
aigc  's  cha  'n  'eil  dùil  aige  tighinn  dhach- 
aidh  ri  bliadhna  no  dha. 

Mil  dheighinn  a  Bhill  a  bh'  anns  a'  Phàr- 
lamaid  air  son  na  sgoilean  Albannach  a 
dheanamh  na 's  fheàrr,  feudaidh  sinn  a  radh. 
gu  'm  bheil  e  nise  an  deigh  'dhol  tro  'ii 
Taigh  lochdrach,  's  tro  'n  Taigh  Uachdrach, 
agus  nach  'eil  a  dh'  eis  air  gu  bhi  na  lagh 
ach  a  Bhan-righ  a  h-ainm  a  chur  ris.  Ged 
a  bha  moran  an  aghaidh  a'  Bhill  an  uair  a 
chaidh  a  thoirt  a  kteach  do  'n  Phàrlamaid, 
gu  h-;iraid  mu  theagasg  a'  Bhiobuill  's  na 
sgoilean  agus  steidh  a  Mhaighstir-sgoile, 
cha  deach  atharrachadh  cudthromach  air 
bith  a  dheanamh  air,  oir  chum  an  duine 
'thug  a  steach  e  pailteas  sluaigh  gu  thaobh- 
san  a  ghabhail  anns  gach  ciiis.  Tha  cuid 
ag  radh  gum  bi  am  Bill  so  na  mhasladh  do 
dh'  Alba,  agus  cuid  eile  nach  d'  fhuair  Alba 


150 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


Ceud  Mios  an  Fhogharaldh,  1872; 


aon  riabh  cbo  maith  ris.  Faodaidh  sinn  a 
Tadh,  a  reir  an  achd  ùr  so,  gum  feum  sgoil 
a  bhi  anns  gach  ait,  agus  gum  feum  a' 
chlann  a  bbi  air  an  cumail  innte  gu  frith- 
ealtacb.  Air  son  cumail  suas  na  sgoilcan 
so  bithidh  cis  air  a  togail;  a^us  bi'db'luchd- 
riaghlaidh  air  an  comharrachadb  a  mach 
anns  gacb  ait  gu  coimhead  tbairis  air  na 
sgoilean,  gu  roghnacbadh  a  mliaiglistir- 
sgoilo,  gn  'phiiidbeadh  mar  a  sbaoilcas  iad 
iomcbuidh,  agus,  gu  'tbagbadh  air  son  na 
dreuchd  no  cbur  air  falbh  mar  'bi  e  'dean- 
amh  a  glmothaicb  eeart.  Tba  mòran  ann 
an  dòcbas  gum  bi  na  sgoilean  ùra  so  air  an 
riagbladh  ann  am  modh  a  bhios  a  chum 
cliù  agus  fògblum  an  t-sluaigh  àrdacbadh 
gu  mòr;  agus  tba  sinn  ann  an  dùchas  gur 
ann  mar  sin  a  bbitbeas,  oir  tba  nioran 
feadb  na  Gàidbealtacbd  nacb  urrainn  focal 
a  leugbadb  an  diugb,  agus  tbeagamb  ged 
a  tba  iad  mar  sin,  gun  robh  taigb-sgoile  'an 
uidbc  bbig  bbo'n  dorus  fein,  acb  air  son  ni- 
eigin  gun  sgoinn  cha  racbadb  iad  na  cboir; 
agus  tba  mòran  sgoilean  's  an  dùthaicb  as 
ged  a  tba  iad  gu  matb  air  am  fritbealadb 
nach  mòr  nacb  bu  cbo  matb  do  'n  cbloinn 
a  bhi  asda  's  a  bbi  annta  air  son  na 's 
fbiacb  iad.  Tba  gu  trie  dba  no  tri  sgoilean 
ann  an  aon  ùite,  te  air  a  cumail  suas  leis  a 
bhuidbeann  ud  is  te  leis  a  bhuidbean  ud 
ejle,  agus  iad  uilc  cearbacb,  an  uair  a  dh' 
fhaodadb  aon  sgoil  cbeart  a  bbi  eatorra  a 
(Ibeanadb  an  gnotbacb  gu  coimblionta,  agus 
bbo  nacb  cuir  na  buidbeanuan  so  an  guaill- 
ibb  ri  cbeile  anns  an  ni  so  tba  e  ro-iom- 
cbuidb  gii'm  bitbeadb  e  air  a  dbeanamh  le 
lagb  na  riogbacbd,  a  chum  'snacb  bi  gnotb- 
acb cbo  cudtbromach  ri  fògblum  no  h-òig- 
ridb  air  fbàgail  air  dbeireadli. 

Tba  iasgacb  an  sgadain  an  Leodhas  agus 
ùitean  eile  air  feadb  na  Gàidbealtacbd  a  nise 
fieachad  air  son  an  tsambraidb  so;  agus 
cha  robh  e  bbo  cheann  fbada  cho  bocbd. 
13ha  iasgacb  na  Langainn  mar  an  ceudna 
mòran  na  bu  mbiosa  na  'b'  àbbaist.  Tha 
iasgacb  an  sgadain  'an  Gallthaobh  a  nis'  air 
•toiseachadh,  acb  cha  deachaidh  a  bheag  a 
<iheanamh  fbathasd.  Tha  am  burr  air 
fcadh  Albainn  a'  sealltuinn  gu  gasda.  Bha 
■<jeircadh  an  earraich  agus  toiseach  an 
t-samhraidh  anabarrach  flinch  air  feadb 
Alba,  acb  bha  cor  latha  do  thide  bhriagh 
air  a  mhios  a  chaidh  seacbad.  Tha  cunntas 
gu'm  bhe:lan  tide  neo-chumanta  tcith  'an 
America  air  an  t-samhradh  so. 

Tha  mòran  a'  dol  air  iomruicli  bho 'n 
Ghiiidhealtachd  air  a'  bhliadhua  so.    Dh' 


f  balbh  còrr  agus  tri  cheud  pearsa  bho  Eileait 
Leodhais  mar  tha,  agus  tha  tuillidh  a  falbh 
fhathast;  'sann  do  Cbanada  losal  agus  Ard' 
a  tha  'chuid  mhòr  diubh  a'  dol  Chaidh 
beagan  gu  ruig  Neiu  Zealand. 


SLAN  LE  FIONN-AIRIDH. 

[Eadar  tbeangaicbte  le  G.  Mac-na-Ceardadh? 
nach  maireann.] 

JSirich  agus  tiugain,  0, 
Eiricli  agus  tiugain,  0, 
Eirich  agus  tiugain,  0, 

Mo  shoraidh,  slan,  le  Fionn-Airidh. 
Tba  'n  latba  maitb,  's  an  soirbbeas  ciùin, 
Tha  'n  iiine  'ruith,  's  an  t-àra  dbuiun  dlùtb.. 
Tha  'n  bat'  'g  am  fbeitbeamb  fo  a  siiiil, 
Gu  m'  thoirt  a  null  o  Fhionn-Airidb. 
Eirich  agus,  dc. 
Tba  ioma  mile  ceangal  blàtb 
Mar  sbaigbdean  ann  am  fein  an  sàs; 
Mo  cbridhe  'n  impis  a  bhi  sg;\int' 
A  cbionn  bbi  'f  àgail  Fbionn-Airidh. 
Eirich  agus,  &c. 
Bu  trie  a  gbabh  mi  sgriob  leam  f  hcin, 
Mu  'n  cuairt  air  lùcbairt  Fbinn  an  trein; 
'S  a  dh  dli'eisd  mi  sgeulacbdan  na  Feinn 
'G  an  cur  an  ceill  am  Fionn-Airidb. 
Eirich  agus,  d'c. 
'S  bu  trie  a  sbeall  mi  feasgar  Màirt 
Far  am  biodb  Oisein  'seinn  a  dhàn ; 
A'  coimhead  grein  aig  ioma  trà 

'Dol  seacb  gacb  la  's  mi'm  Fionn-Airidhi 
Eirich  agus,  &c. 
Allt-na-Caillich — srutban  ciiiin 
Le  'bborbhan  binn  'dol  seacb  gacb  lùb, 
Is  llonmbor  aoibbneas  'fliuair  mo  shuil 
Mu'd  bbruacbaibbdlùth  doFbionn-Airidb^ 
Eirich  agus,  &c. 
Beannacbd  le  beanntaibb  mo  gbaoil 
Far  am  faigli  mi  'm  fiadb  le  'laogb, — 
Gu  ma  fad'  an  eoilleacb-fraoicb 
A'  glaodbaicb  ann  am  Fionn-Airidb. 
Eirich  agus,  dbc. 
Acb  cha  'n  iad  glinn  is  beanntan  ard' 
A  lot  mo  cbridh,  's  a  rinn  mo  cbràdh, 
Acb  an  diugb  na  tha  fo  pbramb 

An  teach  mo  gbràidli  am  Fionn-Airidb. 
Eirich  agus,  &c. 
Beannacbd  le  atbair  mo  gbràidh 
Bidli  mi  'cuimbneach  ort  gu  bràthj 
Ghuidbinn  gacb  sonas  is  ;\gb 
Do  'nt-sean  fhcar  bbi\n  am  Fbionn-AiridIi» 
Eirich  agus,  &c. 


»CendMìosau  Fhogharaidh,  1872. 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


151 


Mo  mhàthair! — 's  ionmliuinn  t'  ainm  r'a 

luaidh — 
Am  feum  mi  tearbadh  nait  clio  luath? 
Is  falbh  a'rn'  allabanach  truagh 

An  cian  uait  fein  'so  Fhionn-Airidh. 
Eirich  agus,  &c. 
Soraidh  leat-sa,  bhràthair  chaoin, 
Is  fòs  le  peathraichibh  mo  ghaoil; 
Cuiribh  bròn  is  deòir  a  thaobh, 

'S  biodh  aoibh  oirbh  ann  am  Fionn-Airidh. 
Eiricli  agus,  &c. 
'nieasbuig  bhig,  mo  Leanabh  gràidh, 
Gu  'n  coimhead  Dia  tbu  o  gach  càs ; 
■'S  bu  mbiann  leam  fèin  ma  thiU  gu  bràtli 
Do  gbàire  blàtli  bhi  'm  Fionn-Airidh. 
Eirich  agus,  &c. 
Am  feum  mi  siubhal  iiait  gim  dàil! 
Na  siùil  tha  togta  ris  a'  bhàt' ! 
Soraidh,  slàn,  Ìe  tir  mo  ghràidh  ; 
Is  slàn,  gu  bràth  le  Fionn-Airidh ! 
Eirich  agus,  &c. 


DUANAG  A'  CHIOBAIR. 

LeDòmhmiUPhàiranCeann-a'-Ghiubhsaich. 
Gu  'm  bheil  mulad  air  m'  inntinn 
'0  'n  là  'thàinig  mi  'n  tìr  so, 
S  nach  faic  mi  mo  nighneag  dhonn  òg. 
■»S  nach  faic  mi  mo  nìghneag  dhonn  òg. 
O  nach  faic  mi  a'  cbaileag 
Do  'n  d'  thug  mi  'n  cion-fallaich — 
,S  ann  a  dli'  f  hag  mi  i  'n  Raineach  nam  bo, 

'S  ann,  &c. 
°S  ann  a  dh'  f  hag  mise  gruagach 
An  fhuilt  cham-lùbaich,  chuacbaich, 
An  taobh  thall  do  Dhruitn-Uachdair  an 
fheòir. 

An  taobh,  &c. 
Tha  deud  shnaighte  mar  dhisnean 
'Am  beul  meachair  na  ribhinn, 
'S  gur  millse  na  'figuis  a  pòg. 

'Sgur,  &c. 
'Ciochan  corrach,  'siad  glegheal, 
Ann  am  broilleach  a  leine. 
Mar  aiteal  na  grein'  ri  la  ceo, 

Mar,  &c 
Slios  mar  eala  nan  cuaintean, 
No  mar  shneachda  nam  fuar-bheann, 
Calpa  cuimir,  's  troidh  uallach  'am  bròig, 

Calpa,  &c. 
'S  cha  'n  'eil  samhla  do  m'  hiaidh-sa 
'Measg  na  chi  mi  mu  'n  cuairt  domh, 
Ged  a  chruinn'cheadh  n'  tha  shluagh  anns 
an  t-Sròin. 

Ged,  &c. 


S  ged  a  chruinn  'cheadh  an  duthaich 
Gu  feill  Chinn-a'-ghiubhsaich, 
Cha  bhiodh  te  ann  do  'n  duraiginn  pog, 

Cha,  &c. 
Cha  'n  e  sid  'rinn  mo  chiiirradh 
0  na  thàinig  mi  'n  dùthaich-s', 
Ach  nach  fhaod  mi  'dhol  null  air  do  thoir. 

Ach  &c. 
Tha  'n  t-astar  cho  fada 
'S  nach  fhaod  mi  tighinn  dachaidh, 
Eagal  each  'bhi  'g  am  fhaicinn  's  an  ro^d, 

Eagal,  &c. 
'S  bi  'dh  mo  mhaighstir  'g  am  ionndrainn 
O'n  tha  'n  stoc  air  mo  chiiram, — 
'S  mi  'g  an  gleidheadh  air  cul  Bail'-a'-chrò. 

'S  mi,  &c. 
'S  mi  gach  latha  mu  'n  cuairt  dhaibh 
'S  iad  cho  duilich  ri  'bhuach'leachd 
O  na  thàin'  iad  gu  tuath  do  'n  Chreig-Mhòi  r, 

0  na,  &c. 
'S  mòr  gu  'm  b'  fhearr  'bhi  'g  am  buach'- 

leachd. 
Ri  mulach  na  guaille 
Far  nach  iarradh  iad  buachaill  ri  'n  sròin, 

Far  nach,  &c. 
Far  nach  biodh  orm  bonn  curaini 
'N  uair  a  chuirinn  mo  chii  riuth' 
Ged  a  bhitheadh  iad  dùinte  le  ceo, 

Ged,  &c, 
Ach  ni  mi  litir  a  dhimadli 
'N  deise  'sgriobhadh  dha  t-ionnsaidh 
'Sbi'dh  tu  cinn teach  nach  muth  mi  mo  sheòl. 

'S  bi  'dh,  &c. 
'S  ged  a  bheir  mi  seachd  bliadhna, 
A'  siubhal  nan  crioch  so 
Te  eile  cha  'n  iarr  mi  's  tu  beò, 


CEUM  NO  DHA  O'N  CHAGAILT 
Mu  ta 'Ghàidheil  ghaolaicli,  'siom- 
adh  rud  a  chi'n  duine  'bhios  fada  beò; 
agus  a  ri  's  e  mise  'dh'  fhaodas  sin  a 
ràdh.  B'e  sin  e;  b'e  sin  e,  'nàile  paipear- 
naigheachd  agus  leabhar-sgeòil  Gàidh- 
ealach.  Mo  bhannag  air  an  diiilanach. 
a  smaoinich  an  toiseach  air  a'  leithid 
a'  ghniomh  diithchail  a  dheanamh! 
Eudail  gu'm  bu  fada  beò  e;  agus  an. 
latha  'gheibh  e  'm  bàs  gu  'm  b'ann  'na 
dhèigh-san  a  bhios  beannachdan  nan 
Gaidheal  anns  gach  ceàrnaidh  dhe'n 
domhan.  Agus  tha  iad  ag  innseadh. 
dhòmh-sa  gur  h-e  òganach  a  dh'  f  halbh. 


152 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


Ceud  Mios  an  Fhoghafaidh,  1872; 


d  Eilean-an-Fhraoich  do  dh'  America, 
agus  a  tlia  nis  an  deigh  tighinn  air  ais 
cho  beartach  ri  liidhach  a  tha  'ga  chur 
a  mach.  Slàn  iomradh  air.  A  ri! 
'sbeag  an  t-iongantas  ged  a  thuirt  Mac- 
Leòid  's  au  òran. 

*•  An  t-eilean  ro  mhaiseach  gur  pailt  ann  am 
biadh;  [jflinanj 

"Se  eileaii  as  iiillt  air'n  do  dhealiaicli  a' 

'S  c  eilean  mo  ghriiidh-s'  e,  bha  (iliùilig  ann 
rianih  [cuan  siar." 

'S  chii'u  fhalbli  i  gu  brath  us  gu'n  tiiiigh  an 

agus  mur  'eil  mise  breugach  's  i  'n  fhir- 
inn  a  th'aige;  gu  h-àraidh  cho  fad  agus 
a  bhios  e  fh^in  is  Mac  Neacail  beò — an 
an  dara  fear  a'  dol  a'  h-uile  geamhradh 
a  chumail  concert  Gàilig  ann  an  Steòr- 
nabhaigh  mhuir  a'  Chaisteil,  agus  am 
fear  eile  'cur  a  mach  paipear-naigheachd 
do  chlann  nan  Gàidheal  'nan  cainnt 


fèin !     Gu  ma  fada  beò  òganaich  Eilean  !  chur  suas  ann 


unn ;  agus  tha  e  'na  ni  cinnteach  nach 
biodli  gnothach  aig  Ceann-cinnidh 
Chlann  Mhuirich  ri  Comunu  Gliall  no 
Ghàidlieal  mur  a  biodh  iad  air  bonn 
ceart.  Cha  'n  'oil  an  Comunn  fhathasd 
bliadhna  'dh' aois,  ach  ged  uach'eil, 
's  iomadli  ball  a  th'ann; — tha  buill  d 
Eiriuu  'sd  Sasunn  cho  mhath  'sàs  gach 
oisinn  de'n  Ghàidhealtachd.  Gidheadh 
tha'u  luchd-riaghlaidh  air  son  gu'n 
cruinnich  an  còrrde  na  Gàidheil  mii'm- 
brataich.  Agus  farraideam  co'n  Gàidli- 
eal  leis  nach  miann  na  ceathairnich  a 
chobhair?  oir  'se  so  run  a  Chomuinn: — 
"Na  buill  a  dheanamh  iomlan  'sa' 
Ghàilig;  cinneas  cànaine,  bàrdachd, 
agus  ciùil  na  Gàidhealtachd;  bàrdachd, 
seanachas,  sgeulachd,  leabhraichean 
agus  sgriobhanna  's  a  chànain  sin  a 
theàrnadh  o  dhearmad;  leabhar-lann  a 


bade  lubhir-Nis  de 


an  Fhraoich!  Tha  mise  'g  innseadh 
dhuibh  'scha'n  ann  idir  le  brosgal  nach 
cuireadh  sealladh  dhe  mo  leannan  (nam 
biodh  tè  agam)  aleth  de  dh'aighir  orm 
agus  a  chuir  "An  Gàidheal"  an  uair  a 
chunnaic  mi  c.  Aig  an  am  bha  mi  ann 
an  Inbhir-nis  agus  sheall  mi  e  do  sheann 
Ghàidheal  coir;  agus  an  tomhais  sibh 
ciod  a  thuii-t  e?  Thuirt  e  gu'n  dean- 
adh  "An  Gàidheal"  urram  mòr  a  chos- 
nadh  do  dh'  Alba.  Ach  ma  thaitinn 
.■sealladh  dhe  'n  leabhar  ris  's  ann  a  bha 
e  aighearrach  'n  uair  a  shin  mi  air 
leughadh  dha  litir  Riinasdaich  Mu 
Ghaidheil  Ghlaschu.  Shaoileadh  sibh 
nach  robh  uair  eil'  aig  air  an  talamh  le 
gaireachdaich  'n  uair  a  thàinig  mi  gus 
an  earrann  a  bha  'gràdh  gur  li-e 
"Soiree"  an  dòigh  Fhrangach  air  an 
fhocal  "Suiridh!" 

Ach  o'u  a  shin  mi  air  sgriobhadh 
idir,  theagamh  nach  bu  bheag  oirbh 
ged  a  chuirinn  naigheachd  no  ni-eigin 
eile  gu  'r  n-ionnsuidh.  'S  a'  cheud  àit', 
mata,  an  cuala  sibh  fhèin  agus  bhur 
luchd-leughaidh  gu  'm  bheil  "Comunn 
Gàilig"  ann  an  Inbhir-nis?  Mu 'r 
cuala  'siongantach  e;  oir  'se  Cluainidh 
Mac-a-Phearsainn  is  ceann  air  a  Chom- 


leabhraichibh  agus  sgriobhannaibh — 
ann  an  cànain  'sam  bith — a  bhuineas 
do  chàileachd,  ionnsachaidh,  cachd- 
raidheachd  agus  sheanachasaibh  nan 
Gàidheal  no  do  thairbhe  na  Gàidheal- 
tachd;  coir  agus  cliii  nan  Gaidheal  a 
dhion;  agus  na  Gàidheil  a  shoirbheach- 
adh  a  ghnà  ge  b'e  ait  am  bi  iad." 

'S  cinnteach  mise  gur  taitneach  a 
leughas  gach  duine  dhe  'n  Chomunn 
"An  Gaidheal,"  agus  tha  mòr  iongantas 
orm  ma  bhios  duine  idir  dhiubli  nach 
ceannaich  e — oir  tha  mi  'faicinn  gur 
h-ann  a  chum  na  h-aon  chriche  'tha  iad 
fein  's  "An  Gaidheal"  ag  obair.  Ach 
gun  fhios  nach  fhaodadh  neach-èiginn 
so  fhaicinn  leis  'm  bu  mhiannach  a  bhi 
'na  Bhall  de'n  Chomunn  's  coir  dhomh 
innseadh  gu  'm  bheil  e  cho  fosgailte  do 
bhean  no  do  mhaighdinn  shubhailcicli 
sam  bith  foighinn  a  steach,  agus  a  tha 
e  do  Thriath  Gheàrr-loch.  Ach  thuirt 
mi  gu  leòir  aig  an  am  so  mu  'n  Chom- 
unn. Neach  air  bith  a  bhios  ag  iarr- 
aidh  an  còrr  eòlais,  sgiobhadh  esan  no 
ise  gus  an  Rùn-Chlòireach,  Uilleam 
Mac-Aoidh. 

Tha  iomadh  ni  ann  an  Inbhir-nis  as 
am  bu  choir  do  na  Gàidheil  a  bhi  'dean- 


Cettd  Mio8  an  Fhogharaidh,  1672. 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


isa^ 


amh  uaill ;  ach  cha  'n  fhaod  mi  idir  a 
i  ràdh  gu  'm  bheil  gach  ni  cho  math  's  a 
bu  choir  daibh.  Ann  am  baile  de 
mhiad  Inbhir-nis,  agus  gu  h-àraidh 
baile  'th'  air  a  shuidheachadh  ann  an 
àite  'm  faighear  pailteas  o  mhuir  's  o 
thir,  bu  choir  mòran  oibrichean  a  bhi 
air  an  cumail  air  aghart.  Ach  cha  'n 
ann  mar  sin  a  tha,  am  fear  a  gheibh 
beagan  airgid,  bidh  eagal  air  a  chur  a 
mach  aig  a  bhaiie;  agus  ma'samiann- 
ach  leis  dad  idir  a  dheanamli,  's  e  falbh 
do  dh'  ait  eile  'ni  e,  agus  caithidh  e  'n 
sin  an  t-airgeadleis'm  bu  choir  da  a  bhi 
'deanamh  feuma  ann  an  duthaich  a' 
bhreithe.  An  can  sibh  rium-sa  gu'm 
bheil  sin  ceart  ? 

Ach  coma  co-dhiu,  tha  Inbhir-nis  a 
soirbheachadh.  Coiinhidibh  Pàdruig 
Deòrsa  Mac-Uilleim  fèin.  Tha  mise 
'g  innseadh  dhuibh  gu  'm  b'  onair  do  'n 
Ghaidhealtachd  na  tha  e  'cur  de  sheud- 
aibh  Gàidhealach  do  dhuthaichibh  cèin. 
Smuainaichibh-se  gur  e  duine  fhuair 
spàinn  òir  'n  a  bheul  a's  urrainn  a  dhol 
a  reic  àilleaganan  ris  a  Bhan-righ,  'sri 
Ban-Impire  na  Gearmailt,  maille  ri 
mòran  phrionnsaibh  as  bhan-phrionns- 
aibh  a  b'  urrainn  mi  ainmeachadh. 
Agus  ged  a  tha  e  'deanamh  gnothuch 
ri  àrd-uaislean  na  diithcha,  tha  e  cho 
caoimhneil  ris  an  duine  bhochd  'sa  tha 
e  ris  an  duine  bheartach;  agus  tha  e 
cho  saor  ri  òr-cheard  no  uaireadairiche 
'sa'  bhaiie. — Muinntir  eile  'tha  'dean- 
amh mòr  reic  ris  na  h-uaislean,  Mac- 
Dhiighaill  's  a  chuideachd.  Tha  iad  so 
ainmeil  air  son  an  cuid  bhreacannau ; 
agus  gun  teagamh  sam  bith  's  math  a 
thig  dhaibh  an  Deise-gheàrr  a  dhean- 
amh. 

Ach  feuraaidh  mi  bhi  'toirt  mo  chas- 
an  a  Inbhir-nis  agus  ruaig  a  thoirt 
feadh  na  diithcha.  "Seadh,  seadh, 
mata,  falbh  am  aid  air  a  charbad  iarruinn, 
agus  cha  stad  sinn  bonn  gus  an  ruig 
sinn  Srath-Spe,"  deir  caraid  dhomh-sa 
'nlà-roimhe.  Ach  ged  a  thuirt, — 
feuch  an  d'fhalbh  e?  'S  e  fhèin  am 
fear  nach  d'  rinn :  ach  coma,  dh'  fhalbh 


mise ;  agus  ged  a  bha  'm  feun  anns  an 
robh  mi  Ian  muinntir  a'  fàgail  Inbhir- 
nis  aon  duine  ach  mi-fhèin  cha  robh 
ann  an  uair  a  ràinig  mi  Faroi's.     Agus 
eadar    Farais   is   Baile-nan-Granndach 
bha  mi  air  a'  mhodh  cheudna,  air  cbor 
's  gu  'n  do  shin  mi  air  seinn 
"'S  fhada  mi  'm  ònaran 
'Sfbada  mi  's  mi  leam  fhin, 
'Scianail  o  thir  m'eòlas  mi, 
'S  fhada  mi  'm  ònarnn." 
'S  truagh  nach  robh  mi  le  ra'annsachd 
Feadh  nan  gleanu  anns  <in  òg-mhaduimi- 

'S  fhada  mi.  &c. 
Anns  a'  ghleann  anns  an  cluinnear 
Leam  coireall  na  Smeoraicho. 

'S  fhada  mi,  &c. 
'N  gleann  's  an  cinn  an  t-sail  chuaiche 
'S  air  na  cluaintean  na  neòineanan. — 

'S  fhada  mi,  &c. 
'S  an  am  eiridh  's  a'  mhaduinn 
'Geisdeachd  langan  'n  d  limh  chròcaiche. . 

'S  fhada  mi,  &c. 
Anns  a'  ghleann  sin  b'e  m'  aoibhnis 
'Bhi  le  maighdinn  nan  ròs  ghruaidhean 
'S  fhada  mi,  &c. 
Sin  agaibh  mar  a  chaidh  mise  air 
m'  aghart;  agus  an  uair  a  bha  mi  'dol  a 
chantuinn,  'an  àite  'bhi  anns'  a  ghleann 
a  bha  mi  'miannachadh  gur  h-ann  a 
dh'fheumainn  tàmh  rè  na  h-oidhche 
'an  taigh-òsda  air  chor-eigin  ann  am 
Baile-nan-Granndach,  stad  an  carbad, 
agus  choisich  mise  gus  an  taigh-òsda, 
's  tachas  'na  mo  bhuiim,  oir  cha  robh. 
mi  riabh  roimhe  's  an  àite.  Chuir  mi 
oidhche  seachad 'an  sin  agus  a'  lath'r 
na  mhaireach  dh' fhalbh  mi  suas  troimli 
Shrath-Spè.  Tha  mise  'g  ràdh  ruibh  a 
Ghàidhpil  ghràdhaich  gur  h-anabarr- 
ach  briagha  an  duthaich  Srath-Spe, 
agus  a  thuilleadh  air  a  sin,  tha  sluagh 
ro-chaoimhneil  ann.  Ach  'sann  aca 
'tha  'Ghàilig  as  troimhe  chdile  'chuala 
mi  riabh.  Dh'fhoighnich  mi  ri  fear  de 
mhuinntir  an  àite  ciod  e  an  rathad  a 
blia  Ceann-a'-Ghiuthsaich  nam*  "Tha 
direach  straight  ann.<?an  direction  sin" 
ars'  esan,  's  e  'sineadh  a  in  ach  a  làimhe 
rathad  Chinn-a'-Ghiubhsaich.  Fear 
eile  ris  'n  do  choinnich  mi  dh'  fheòraich. 


154 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


Cead  lIiosanFbogbarmdIi,lS72. 


mi  c'  ainra  a  bh'  air  na  beanntaibh  a 
bha  mi  'faiciun  'an  siu  agus  currachd 
slineacbd  air  mullach  gach  aon  diubh. 
"0  dearbh,"  deir  esan,  "cba'u'eil  fios 
agam-sa,  ach  glieibh  sibb  f  hdin  an  ainm 
anns  an  Geography ;  agus  tba  mi  cinnt- 
each  na'n  rachadh  a  measurigeadh 
gu  'm  bbeil  height  annta  nacb  conceiv- 
igeadh  duino  's  am  bith  le  'm  faicinn 
dhe  'n  ratbad  mbòr." 

Db'fhàg  mi  "Granndaicb  Shratb- 
Spe,"  ged  a  bba  iad  coir,  caoimbneil, 
agus  sbiubbail  mi  gu  Cinn-a'-Ghiubb- 
saicb ;  agus  a  ri  ma  sbiubbail,  's  mise 
sbiubbail  an  diitbaicb  as  taitnicb  anns 
an  robb  mi  riabb.  Cho  luath  'sa 
raiuig  mi  Cinn-a'-Gbiubhsaicb  cbaidb 
mi  gu  taigb  caraid  àraidb,  's  b'e  f  bèin 
an  caraid  's  an  duine  coir.  Acb,  a 
Obàidheil  gbaolaicb,  'sfbada  o'n  chuala 
sibb,  "Coinnicbidb  na  daoine  ged  nacb 
coinnicb  na  cnuic,"  agus  air  an  aobbar 
sin,  le  bbur  cead-sa,  coinnicbidb 
muinntir  Chinn-a'-Gbiubbsaicb  a's 
mise  fbatbasd  air  duilleagaibb  "A' 
Gbàidbeil."  CUAIRTEAR. 


LUATH  ASTAR  NA  H-URNUIGH. 
Cha  n-aitbne  dbomb  cò  a  sgriobb  an 
laoidb  a  leanas,  'us  cba-n-eil  f  bios  agam 
CO  dhiubb  a  tba  no  nacb  'eil  i  cheana 
'an  clò.  Ach  is  dearbb  leam  gur  airidh 
i  air  àite  maitb  ann  an  duilleagaibb  A' 
Ghaidhil,  agus  gu-m  bi  a  lucbd-leugh- 
•aidh  toilicbte  air  son  i  'bbi  air  a  toirt 
fa'n  combair.  Tba  urrad  de  spiorad  na 
fior  bbàrdaclid  anns  na  ceud  ceitbir 
rannan,  'snacb  ruigeadb  leas  Oisein  no 
Ullin  nàire  'gbabhail  dhiubb.  Ach 
tba  'n  t-iomlan  snasda,  agus  tha'n  teag- 
asg  a  tba  i  a'  toirt  duinn  da  rireadh  a 
reir  an  f hocail  sbòlasaicb  a  tba  'g  ràdh 
"Tba  Dia  dliith  dhoibhsan  uile  a 
ghairmeas  air  ann  am  firinn." 

CUlcMh;iillibli.  1       P      P 

Treas  Mlos  an  t-Samhraidh,  22mh,  1872.  /      ^-    *-'• 

Ge  luath  air  a  sgiathan  a'  ghaoth 

A'  saighdoadh  thar  aonach  nan  gleann; 

Ge  dian  ceum  na  lasrach  's  an  f  hraoch 
'N  am  earraich,  suas  taobh  nam  beann, 


Us  fuar-anail  chruaidh  a'  mliàirt 

A'  sgiùrsadh  na  càire  deirg, 
'S  a'  ruagadh  nan  neul  gu  h-àrd 

Mar  imeaclid  an  sgail  air  an  leirg; — 

Ge  siiibhlach  an  long  air  a'  chuan 

Roimh  f  huadach  ua  doininne  gairg', 
S  na  sliabh-thuinn  a'  tòirleum  in'a  h-èarr 

'G  a  h-iomain  le  gànraich  feirg 
'Us  torman  a  crànraidh  troni, 

Geur-thead  lom,  air  uair,  'n  a  beaii't, 
Coiprich  m'  a  saith*,  's  i  'n  càs, 

"S  a  foirnet  'failneach  a  chion  neairt:  — 

Ge  luath,  air  cleitridh  chòrr  a  sgiath, 

A  dh'  astras  ligh  nan  ian  an  àird 
Feadh  failbhe;}:  fhàs  a'  ghorm-choip§  chein 

'Tha  'còmhdach  rùnH  nan  speuran  uill: 
'Sge  cas  a  dhoirteas  griann  a  soills 

A  nuas  gu  lar  troi  'n  aibheisf"  chian, 
Is  deine,  is  siiibhlaiche,  's  is  luaith' 

A  ruitheas  urnuigh  suas  gu  Dia. 

Ged  is  aird'  os  ar  ceann  an  Triath 

Na  'n  t-astar  'tha  'ghrian  o  'n  chè,* 
Gur  luaithe  na  dealan  air  fair' 

A  ruigeas  'n  a  làth'r  ar  n-eigh; 
S  ma  dh'  iobrar  miann  a  cridhe  ceart 

Is  ceart  co  luath  thig  neart  g'  ar  fòir, 
'S  a  thaomas  tuiltean  trom  thar  eas 

Air  sliunein  cas  nam  beannta  mòr. 

Co,  mata  a  bhios  'an  cruas, 

(Mar  tha  gach  aon  mhac  truaillidh  ere) 
Nach  tog  ri  Dia  a  ghuidhe  'n  aird 

'S  gur  athair  'tha  ro  chàirdeil  E? 
Esan  a  thug  suas  a  Mhac 

Chum  peacaich  lag  a  dhion  o  sgrios, 
Ciamar  bhios  creidcach  ann  an  ag 

Gu-n  cum  e  aon  dad  uaithe  leis? 

Cha  bhi,  cha  bhi,  cha  mheath  a  ghaol 

Do  'n  aitim  sin  a  ròghnuich  b, 
Bheir  e  dhoibh  am  feum  's  an  t-shaoghal-s', 

Bheir  saoibhreas  pailt  'an  saogh'l  a's  feàrr. 
Is  daor  a  dhioladh  air  an  saors', 

'S  thug  sin  a  ghnàth  fo  dhaors'  an  gràdh-s', 
Oir  dh'  lath  e  ump'  a  chordan  gaoil 

G'  an  nasgadh  dliith  ri  'thaobh  gu  bràth 


•  "Saith,"  no  "suigh,"  aisinn,  no  fiodhrach-tarsuinn 
bàta. 

f  "Fòìrne;'' sgiobabàta. 

t  "Failbh"  (falamb);  an  iarmailt,  an  speur. 

§  "Gorm-chop;"  am  Beuria  blue  vault. 

II  "Run;"  diomhaireachd. 

"IT  "  Aibheis,"  farsuingeachd  nan  speur,  no  a'  chuaiu. 

**  "  Cè,"  an  talamb,  an  saoghaL 


Cend  Mìosan  Fhoghaxaidh,  1872. 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


15S 


NITHE  NUADH  AGUS  SEAN. 

Cha'n'eil  aon  chuid  cridheachan  matha 
no  tuigse  mhatli  aig  luchd-tuaileis. 

Cha  'n  'eil  e  ceart  gu'n  diteadh  sinn  neach 
'sam  bith  nach'eil  'san  làthairgu  dhìonfein. 

Cha  'n  fhiach  le  neach  aig  am  bheil  ceud 
fathan  mora  a  bhi  ri  connspoid. 

Seachajn,  mar  a  sheachaineadh  tu  an  nath 
air,  an  neach  a  sgriobhas  gu  mi-mhodhail, 
ach  fathast  a  labhras  gu  milis. 

Cha  'n  'eil  aoibhealeachd  'na  dearbhadh 
gu'm  bheil  an  inntinn  aig  fois,  oir  is  trie 
"am  meadhon  gàire  gu  'm  bheil  an  cridhe 
dubhach." 

Tha  tri  nithean  ro  dhuilich  ann,  sgeul 
riiin  a  ghleidheadh,  càineadh  no  lochd  a  dhi 
chuimhneachadh,  agus  feum  math  a  dheanadh 
a  dh'  ùine  a  bhitheas  aig  neach  dha  fdin. 

Air  do  Phlato  cluinntinn  gu'n  robh  naimh- 
dean  aige  a  labhair  gu  h-olc  ma  dh^ibhinn 
fhreagair  e, -'Bithidh  mo  chaithe-beatha  air 
dhòigh  's  nach  creid  neach  's  am  bith  iad.'' 

Seachain  an  t-siiil  a  dh'  aithnicheas  an  t- 
olc  gu  luath,  agus  a  tha  mall  a  dh'  fhaicinn 
a'  mhaith. 


TOIMHSEACHAIN. 

1.  Coileach  dubh  's  a'  bhail'  ud  thall, 
Ite  dhubh  is  ite  dhonn; 

Da  ite  dheug  am  làrr  a  sgeith, 
'S  còrr  is  tri  fichead  'na  dhruim. 

2.  Tobaran  oir  am  meadhon  a'  bhaile  so 
Tri  chinn  oir  is  comhla  ghloine  ris. 

3.  Siùbhlaidh  e  na  lùanagan, 
Siùbhlaidh  e  na  breunagan, 
Siubhlaidh  e'n  t-imire  fada, 
'S  thig  e  dhachaidh  anmoch. 

4.  Each  dubh  is  each  donn  bonn  ri  bonn, 
'S  luaithe  'n  teach  dubh  na  'n  t-each 

donn. 

5.  Tiolcaidh  am  marbh  am  beò. 

6.  Bean  bheag  a'  tigh'nn  do'n  bhaile  so, 
'S  creagada  creag  air  a  muin; 
Casan  oirre  's  i  gun  làmhan 

'S  ultachan  càthadh  'na  h-uchd. 

Freagairtean  do  na  Toimhseachain  anna 
a'  chùigeamh  Aireamh  de 'fi  Ghaidheal. 

1.  Peileir. 

2.  Ubh. 

3.  Snàthad. 

4.  Bròg, 

5.  Loinid  bheag. 

6.  Soitheaeh  le  'bàta. 

7.  Tuagh. 


8.  A  mac  fein. 

9.  Gath-greine. 
10.  T'ainm. 


SOP  AS  GACH  SEID. 

Millidh  diinadas  modh. 

Molaidh  an  teach  math  e  f  hein. 

Chaidh  dubhag  ri  dualchas. 

Trod  a'  mheasain  's  a  chùl  ri  làr. 

Theid  dimadas  gu  droch  oilean. 

Tilg  mir  am  beul  na  bdist. 

Leig  e  'n  tearball  leis  a'  chraicionn. 

'S  i  'n  taois  bhog  a  ni  mKs  rag. 

lallan  fada  o  leathar  chàich. 

S  eigin  do  'n  f  heumach  a  bhi  falbhanach. 

Na  sir  uisge  teth  I'o  chloich  I'huar. 

'Tha  car  eile  an  adharc  an  daimh. 

'S  ann  a  bhitheas  an  uaisle  mar  a  chumar  i, 

Coinnichidh  na  daoine  ged  nach  coinnich  Dik. 

cnuic. 
Mar  's  miannach  le  brìi  bruichear  bonnach. 
'S  farasda  duine  gun  nàire  a  bheathachadh. 


FREAGAIRTEAN. 

Do  A.  Mac  C,  Inbhirnis — Fhuair  sinn  aa 
litir  a'  gearan  air  son  a  bhi  deanamh  Shas- 
unnuich  de  na  h  Albannaich.  'S  anu  gua 
Ihios  do'n  fhear-uUachaidh  a  fhuair  na 
briathran  ud  iiite  's  A'  Ghaidheal;  agus  tha 
sinne  cho  fada  'n  aghaidh  a  bhi  deanamh 
Shasunnaich  de'r  luchd-duthcha  ri  A.  MacC. 
fhdin,  'sair  an  aobhar  sin,  cha  bhi  leithid  do 
ni  's  A'  Ghaidheal  tuilleadh. 

Do  Niall  Crùbach. — Fhuair  sinn  an  litir 
leibeideach  a  churthusa  thugainnn.  Am  bheil 
thu  srauainteachadh  gu'm  bheil  do  chuid-sa 
bagraidhean  a'  dol  a  cliur  "  A'  Ghàidheil "  dhe 
na  bhonn  air  'n  do  sheas  e'n  toiseach?  Ged 
a  bhiodh  "An  Ghldheal"  cho  dona  ri  bodach 
na  h  asai  f  hein  cha  ghabhadh  e  do  chomhairle. 
'Nuair  a  sgriobhas  tu  arithisd  a'  NèiUcuimh- 
nich  nach  bi  thu  buileach  cho  droch-eilean- 
ach,  fein-mholtach  'sa  bha  thu  air  an  uair  so. 
Siùn  leat  a  NèiU  agus  's  e  miann  "A' 
Ghaidheil"  gum  bi  tuillidh  cdill  agad  mu'n 
smuanaich  thu  air  an  ath  litir  a  chur  aa 
rathad  so. 

Do  A.  R.  F.,  Ceanna'-Ghiùbhsaich.— Tha 
sinn  fada  'n  ur  comain  air  son  na  'n  toimh- 
seachain a's  nithibh  taitneach  eile  a  chuir 
sibh  ihugainn.  Bhiodh  e  ro  iomchuidh  gach, 
ni  dhe'n  t-seòrsa  'tha  ri  fhaighinn  a'  measg 
an  t-sluaigh  a  thional,  agus  a  theàrnadh  o 
dhearmad;  agus  na'n  deanadh  ar  càirdean, 
uile  feadh  na  Gàidhealtachd  cho  math  ruibh- 
sa,  cha  bhiodh  e  gu  cron  daibh  fein,  agus 
shealladh  e  nach  do  dhi-chuimhnich  iad  hbh- 
achd  an  sinnseir.  Bidh  sinn  toilichte  cluinn- 
inn  fathasd  o  A.  R,  F. 


156  AN    GAIDHEAL.  CeudMìo»anFhogharaidh,1872. 


LOCH-NAN-GARR. 

A'  m'  shealladh  a  cliòmlinaird,  a  liosan  nan  ròsan! 

'N  'ur  measg-sa  biodli  mùirnean  na  sògh  re  a  shaog'l; 
Tboir  dhòmhsa  na  stùcan  fo  'n  t-sneachda  le  'shròlaibli 

An  còmluiuidh  'tha  'galtrumas  saorsa  is  gaoil! 
Seadh,  Albainn  mo  chridhe,  's  ro  ionmhuinn  do  bheannta! 

Mu  'n  cinn  gheal',  0  chithinn,  na  duilean  ri  àr; 
An  càit  srhlag  uillt  chithinn  mire  'n  Eas  steallmhoir — 

Tha  mise  an  geall  air  gleaun  donn  Loch-uan-Gàrr. 

Ah!  'n  sud  bha  mo  cheuman  a'  m'  òige  gu  tlachdmhor; 

B'i  bhoineid  an  ad  leam,  b'  e  'm  breacan  mo  chleòc; 
Mo  chuimhn'  air  cinn-fheadhna  a  dh'  eug  bha  mi  cleachdadh, 

'S  mi  'mànran  troimh  ghlacaig  na  coille  gach  lò ; 
'S  cha  'n  iarrainn  del  dhachaidh  gu  'n  ciaradh  am  feasgar 

'S  gu  'n  seargadh  a  mhais'  roinih  na  reultaibh  gu  h-ard; 
Oir  sholairinn  sùnnt  am  beul-aithris  na  h-eachdraidh 

A  gheibhteadh  o  nàistnich  ghlinn  duinn  Loch-nan-Gàrr. 

"A  thaibhsean  nam  marbh!  nach  cual  mi  'ur  guthan 

A'  siubhal  troimh  'n  t-soirbheas  air  anail  na  h-oidhch'?" 
0  's  cinnt'  gu  'm  bheil  ^ibhneas  air  anam  a'  churaidh 

Ri  turns  trè  'ghleann  fdin  air  sgiathaibh  na  gaoith. 
Mu  'n  cuairt  Loch-nan-Gàrr  'n  uair  a  dhtimhlaicheas  gaillionn 

'S  an  Geamhradh  d  'chathair  fhuair  reòit'  a'  cur  failt, 
Tha  neula  a'  cuartachadh  Chruthan  mo  shinnsear 

'Tha  'chòmhnuidh  an  siontaibh  ghlinn  duinn  Loch-nan- Gàrr. 

""Am  fac  sibh  'n  ur  n-aisling,  ged  bha  sibh  co  treubhach, 

Gu  'n  robh  e  an  dan  nach  biodh  difeachd  'n  ur  stri?" 
Ah!  'm  b'  e  bhur  dan  aig  Cuilfhodair  gu  'n  eugadh? 

Cha  d'  èirich  leibh  buaidh,  's  ann  a  thuit  sibh  's  an  fhrith; 
Gidhcadh,  bha  sibh  sona !  clos  tahnhaidh  an  eugaidh 

'G  'ur  càradh  le  'r  treubhaibh  an  uamhaibh  Bhramàir; 
A'  phiobaireaclid  fuaimneach,  do  nualan  a'  plùobair', — 

Sgeul  'ur  gniomh'  air  mactalla  ghlinn  duinn  Loch-nan-Gàrr. 

Chaidli  bliadlinachan  seach,  'Loch-nan-Gàrr,  o  'n  a  dh'  fhàg  mi; 

Ni  bliadhnachan  tar  as  mu  'm  faic  mi  thu  ris; 
Sgiol  Nadur  de  d'  chinneas  's  de  phiùraichean  t'àill'  thu, 

Gidheadh  's  tu  a's  fcàrr  leam  na  còmhnaivd  rdidh'  mhìa'. 
0  bhasuinn!  do  mhaise  tha  coitchinn,  neo-giireadhnach 

Do  aon  a  thriall  suas  air  na  beanntaibh  gu  'm  barr; 
0  nach  robh  mis'  air  sgòrr  fhiadhaich  nan  aonach ! 

An  gloir  chais  neo-aobhaich  ghlinn  duinn  Loch-nan-Gàrr. 

Ead.  leNiallMacNèill. 


ENGLISH  DEPARTMENT. 


AUGUST,    1872. 


THE  AFFINITY  OP  GAELIC  TO  LATIN 

AND  GREEK."- 
The  Highlanders  have  been  very  frequently 
describedas  unreasoningly  reasonable  in  their 
opinions  of  things ; — that  is  when  you  find 
them  in  the  right,  the  correctness  of  their 
position  depends,  not  on  the  result  of  dis- 
cursive thought,  so  much  as  on  some  acci- 
dental impulse.  This,  though  their  cooler 
advisers  do  not  altogether  intend  to  mean  it, 
is  very  much  akin  to  being  intuitively  in  the 
right,  to  gaining  by  a  surt  of  intellectual 
naturalness  ends  which  the  creeping  but  ad- 
mittedly progressive  intellect  of  the  German 
reaches  by  a  toilsome  effort  of  reason.  De- 
spite the  sneering  element  accompanying  it 
as  well  as  the  sparingness  with  which  the 
possibility  of  any  good  coming  out  of  Nazar- 
eth is  plainly  acknowledged,  we  willingly 
and  thankfully  accept  the  compliment,  and 
endeavour  to  show  thereby  in  one  word  (our 
space  is  small)  one  quality  at  least  of  no 
contemptible  species,  admitted  by  the  Ger- 
man himself  to  be  preeminently  character- 
istic of  the  Celtic  mind.  It  is  fairly  admis. 
sible  that  the  haste  in  which  the  large  majo- 
rity of  mankind  live,  move,  and  have  their 
being  prevents  them  from  ascertaining 
scientifically  the  truth  or  hollowness  of 
many  important  opinions  which  they  must 
receive  or  reject  in  their  actings  of  every-day 
life.  Take  for  instance  the  question  of  re- 
ligion. Man  in  his  first  awakenings  to  his 
position  as  such  finds  this  an  immensely 
powerful  element  in  the  world,  vitally  affect 
ing  its  health  and  destiny, — an  element 
with  which  in  his  human  capacity  as  well 
as  in  his  relations  to  social  life  he  is  com- 
pelled seriously  to  deal.  He  is  a  hard 
working  man  of  the  world;  and  should  he 
be  possessed,  which  not  many  are,  of  the 

*The  Philologic  Uses  of  the  Celtic  Tongue 
— An  Auilre.NS  (lelivere.i  by  W.  D.  Geudes,  M.A., 
Professor  of  Greek,  Univeisity  of  Aberdeen.  To 
the  Univeritv  Celtic  Dehating  Society.  Abtr- 
<leen:  A.  &  K.  Milne.     1872. 


necessary  will  and  ability  to  weigh  and  ex- 
amine the  arguments  for  and  against  certain 
religious  opinions  or  propositions,  his  busy 
life  will  preclude  him  from  attempting  it  to 
any  considerable  extent.  So  he  must  adopt 
agreatd  alat  second-hand;  acquiescing  in, 
and  receiving  intuitively  as  true,  the  results 
arrived  at  by  a  Calvin,  a  Butler,  a  Mansel, 
a  Mill,  or  a  Mac  Cosh,  and  even  Revelation 
itself. 

Fortunate  it  is  for  the  great  mass  of  human- 
ity that  this  power  of  intuition  is  anunfaihng 
feature  of  the  human  mind,  or  many  would 
be  left  destitute  of  having  anything  to 
nourish  in  their  bosoms  except  the  dreary 
shade  of  sceptical  thought,  or  the  vacantness 
of  an  untramed  mind.  It  is  this  intuitive 
capacity  of  rejecting  or  accepting  what  is 
false  or  true  in  the  world  of  opinion  that 
many  of  his  unfriendly  critics  ascribe  to  the 
Celt.  And  really  most  practical,  bard- 
working  people  will  be  disposed  to  acknow- 
ledge that  it  is  a  noble,  needful,  and  a  most 
divine  element  in  the  human  mind;  and 
that  the  Celt  has  only  some  reason  to  feel 
supremely  satisfied  that,  in  a  higher  degree 
than  others,  he  is  in  possession  of  an  intellec- 
tual quality  which  enables  him,  while  hurri- 
edly marching  in  the  dust  and  roar  of  the  field 
of  life's  battle,  to  adopt  as  correct,  without  any 
long  process  of  speculation,  doctrinal  results 
and  propositions  presented  to  him.  This 
line  of  remark  leads  us  into  the  reason  why 
Germany  is  so  characteristically  rational 
and  infidel;  in  the  case  of  many  of  her 
intellectual  great  men  the  cold  dreariness  of 
discursive  speculation  has  well-nigh  absorb- 
ed the  warmth  and  divine  glow  of  the 
original  intuitions  of  the  mind. 

These  digressive  remarks  are  made  on 
account  of  the  frequency  with  which  the 
Celt  is  complimented  for  his  incapacity  of 
submission  either  to  logic,  facts,  or  reason. 
The  sneer  owes  its  existence,  not  to  the 
Celt  being  actually  unreasonable. — it  is 
admitted  that  he  is  reasonable, — but  to  the 
manner  in  which  he  arrives  at  reason.     But 


58 


THE  GAEL. 


Aug.,  1872: 


surely  if  a  man  is  ultimately  right,  reason- 
able, or  correct  in  his  ideals  it  is  not  at  all 
to  his  discredit  that  he  ar  ives  at  such  a 
healthy  state  of  mind  less  laboriously  than 
his  neighbours,  whether  he  docs  so  impul- 
sively or  intuitively?  At  any  rate  we 
must  not  linger  longer  on  the  subject  at 
present  but  refer  at  once  to  the  excellent 
pamphlet  before  us,  anxious  to  assure  Pro- 
fessor Gcddes  that  we  Gaelic  Scholars  are  as 
willing  as  our  emotional  natures  will  admit 
to  "submit  to  the  logic  of  facts  and  listen  to 
the  voice  of  science."  If  Celtic  Scholars 
felt  impulsively  compelled  to  insist  "on  the 
lofty  claim  they  used  to  advance  of  speaking 
the  primeval  language,"  they  must  accord- 
ing to  an  admission  already  made,  have  held 
a  somewhat  reasonable  position,  and  it  is 
doubtful  whether  they  should  even  be 
requested  to  "lower  the  plumes  of  their 
pride"  till  their  more  scientific  and  discur- 
sive neighbours  disprove  the  reasonableness 
of  their  position  by  presenting  them  with 
fresh  results  which  they  can  intuitively 
discern  to  be  correct!  We  will  feel  very 
grateful  indeed  if  our  friends  assist  us  in 
acquiring  a  more  rational  system  of  arriv- 
ing at  reason;  the  advantage  of  becoming 
more  scientific  and  systematic  is  one 
not  to  be  slightly  and  thanklessly  de- ' 
spised.  To  Professors  Blackie  and  Geddes  | 
the  gratitude  of  all  true  Celts  is  truly 
intense ;  and  the  intensity  will  increase 
in  proportion  to  the  assistance  afford- 
ed us  in  learning  a  scientific  mode  of| 
investigating  the  Philologic  facts  of  our| 
language.  If  the  result  of  thorough  invest- 1 
igation  will  prove  that  the  liquid  and 
guttural  sounds  of  the  Celtic  never  wafted 
their  musical  murmurs  on  the  breezes  of 
Eden,  that  it  is  only  an  unmusical  dialect 
of  the  defunct  Anglo-Saxon,  that  the  name 
of  Ossian  himself  was  only  manufactured 
amidst  the  taleologic  vagaries  of  the  four- 
teenth and  fifteentii  centuries  of  this  Chris- 
tian era,  or  that  even  our  national  existance 
only  dates  from  the  day  when  colossal 
Johnson  trod  our  barbaric  glens, — even 
after  all  such  prospective  misfortunes  are 
realised,  we  are  resolved  that  our  Sasunnach 
friends  will  find  us  psssessed  of  sanity 
enough  to  save  ourselves  from  hanging 

The  following  paragrajihs  as  fresh, 
scholarly,  and  interesting  on  Classic  Pro- 
nunciation and  the  ^^ sporadic  phenomena" 
of    the    Celtic    from    Prosessor    Geddes's 


Pamphlet  we   very  gladly  transfer  to  our 
columns: — 

"We  hear  much  at  present  of  a  discussion 
cairied  on  in  England  as  to  the  mode  of 
pronouncing  Latin,  and  we  can  catch  the 
low  murmur  of  a  confused  battle  going  on 
against  the  peculiar,  solitary,  not  to  say 
fantastic,  pronunciation  of  Latin  that  has, 
prevailed  so  long  there.  Scotland,  as  you 
know,  had  begmn  to  be  corrupted  in  this 
matter  from  English  influence.  The  Court 
of  Session  and  the  Academies  of  the  South 
were  acquiring  the  mincing  pronunciation 
from  the  other  side  of  the  Borders,  and  I 
was  once  looking  forward  to  the  time  when 
the  tide  of  this  English  influence  should 
have  submerged  all  the  rest  of  Scotland, 
and  left  us  in  Aberdeen  maintaining  in  its 
last  retreat  the  old  ore  ri9<!mr?o  national  pro- 
nunciation of  Eomanos  rerum  dominos 
ffentemque  togatam.  That  felicity  or  infel- 
icity, to  which  I  was  looking  forward,  of 
'sitting  alone  among  the  ruins  of  Carthage,' 
is  not  now  likely  to  be  realised.  In  England 
itself  a  reaction  has  set  in  under  the  power- 
ful influence  of  Munro,  and  will  lead  to 
common  sense  and  conformity  on  their  part 
to  us,  instead  of  our  conformity  to  them. 
Not  that  the  Scottish  pronunciation  of  Latin 
is  unimpeachable,  but  it  is  sound  in  many 
pointswheretheEnglishis  false,  and  I  do  not 
know  that  the  English  mode  is  ever  sound 
where  the  Scottish  happens  to  be  false.  It  is 
otherwise  with  the  Celtic.  It  can  be  shown 
to  be  sound  where  both  are  false.  I  instance 
especially  the  important  matter  of  the  pro- 
nunciation of  the  third  letter  of  the  alphabet 
(c,  as  we  wrongly  call  it),  before  e  audi.  AVhat 
does  the  Celtic  say?  Is  it  in  favour  of 
Kihero  or  Sisero  pronunciation?  Undoubt- 
edly in  favour  of  the  hard,  and  on  this  analogy 
alone  we  might  fairly  confront  any  difficulty 
arising  from  the  unwoutedness  to  the  ear 
of  silicet,  vicissim,  and  the  other  stumbling 
blocks  put  in  our  way  by  the  anti-Munro- 
vians. 

"The  proof  from  Gaelic  may  be  rested  on 
two  grounds — First,  the  condition  of  the 
loan-words,  which  came  out  of  Latin  into- 
Celtic  at  the  time  when  Latin  was  still  a 
living  speech.  I  refer  to  such  a  word  as- 
the  Celtic  for  priest  (sagart),  which  I  think, 
there  can  be  little  doubt,  found  its  way  from 
the  language  of  the  Church  into  Gaelic 
before  tiie  downfall  of  the  Western  Empire. 
It  is  the  GaeUc  edition  of  the  Latin  sacerdos, 


Aug.,  1872. 


THE  GAEL. 


159 


but  the  Gaels  did  not  take  it  witli  its 
present  pronunciation,  but  with  the  c 
pronounced  hard;  whereas,  if  the  Romans 
pronounced  the  c  then  as  an  s,  it  would  be 
inexplicable  how  the  Gaels  transmuted  an  s 
sound  into  a  Jc  or  g. 

"Other  loan-words  of  Roman  origin,  now 
'deeply  embedded  in  Gaelic,  but  showing 
•clearly  how  the  c  was  sounded  when  they 
were  transferred,  I  take  to  be — 
ccart  (just,  right,  correct)  Ì  tells  the  pronun- 
<eartas  (justice)  j  elation  of  ceriws. 

cill  (a  burial-ground,  church,  £'i7-bride,  ^"«7- 
patrick,  &c  )  tells  the  pronunciation  of  cella. 
cearcall  (hoop,  circumference)  tells  the  pro- 
nunciation of  circus,  circulas. 
'Ceard  (artist,  also  tinker)  tells  the  pronuncia- 
tion of  cerdo  (handicraftsman). 
ceir  (wax)  tells  the  pronunciation  of  cera. 

Best  of  all,  as  undoubtedly  a  term  of  the 
Roman  Imperial  time,  when  all  the  world 
was  taxed. 

>cis  (tax,  tribute)  tells  the  pronunciation  of 
census. 

"Second  argument  is  from  words  of  a 
much  more  hoary  antiquity,  and  which  the 
Celtic  has  in  common  with  the  Aryan 
jaces. 

"The  word  for  hundred,  ceud,  with  Jc 
sound,  throws  light  on  Latin  centum;  so 
ceil  (to  hide)  on  Latin  celo;  cead  (leave,  per- 
mission) on  Latin  cedo. 

"Indeed,  the  Gaelic  and  Greek  seem  partial 
to  the  sharp  k  sound;  for  instance,  the 
Greek  Kluo  and  Gaelic  cluas  the  (ear),  a 
root  in  which  the  Sanscrit  has  shown  symp- 
toms of  weakness,  passing  klu  over  into 
sru,  and  the  Slavonic  tongues  into  slu, 
whence  it  comes  that  their  national  name 
slava  (glory)  is  the  analogon  of  the  Greek 
Kleos  and  Gaelic  cliu  (fame).  This  second 
class  of  words,  namely  the  primitive,  afford 
an  argument  not  so  strong  upon  the  par- 
ticular point  in  question  as  the  later  or 
loan-words,  because  it  may  be  said  that 
there  is  no  dispute  as  to  the  original  value 
of  the  Roman  c,  that  it  was  like  a  k  before  e 
and  i,  as  well  as  before  a,  o,  u.  The  only 
doubt  is  as  to  whether,  before  the  best 
period  of  their  literature  was  over,  the 
Romans  did  not  soften  it  themselves.  It  is, 
however,  an  answer  in  point  to  say  that 
those  words  that  flowed  into  Gaelic  before 
the  Roman  Empire  perished,  or  about  the 
period  of  its  downfall,  bear  the  mint  of  the 
hard  pronunciation,  and  therefore  we  are 
entitled  to  conlude  that  that  was  the  normal 


pronunciation  at  the  time.  Thus  the  Gael 
has  retained  in  the  fastnesses  of  the  hills 
forms  of  words  that  have  come  down,  at 
least,  from  the  days  of  Galgacus.'' 

"I  conclude  with  a  gleaning  of  a  few  of 
what  may  be  called  the  sporadic  phenomena 
of  Celtic,  being  chieHy  concentrated  in  single 
words  or  roots,  many  of  them  of  great  sug- 
gestiveness,  and  throwing  often  a  strange 
weird  light  over  the  darkness  of  the  past. 

"How  interesiing,  for  example,  to  know 
that  the  leader  under  whom  the  Gauls 
poured  down  upon  Rome  in  390  B.C.  bore 
among  the  Romans  the  name  of  Brennus, 
and  that  this  is  still  the  word  for  "  judge" 
and  "judgement,"  Breitheanas,  proving 
that  the  Gauls  were  under  a  social  organisa- 
tion, where  the  office  of  a  King  was  not  so 
much  to  lead  in  war  as  to  dispense  judg- 
ment and  administer  justice  It  is  strange 
to  find  the  same  name  appearing  also  in  the 
leader  of  the  irruption  into  Greece  a  century 
later,  down  upon  Delphi,  a  portion  of  which 
band  afterwards  became  the  occupants  of 
Galatia,  in  the  heart  of  Asia  Minor. 

"Again,  in  the  early  history  of  England 
we  meet  with  the  name  Vortigern  or  Verti. 
gem,  as  the  King  who  called  in  the  Saxons 
Can  we  doubt  that  we  have  in  that  word 
simply  Fear-Tighearn,  "the  man  who  is 
Lord,"  which  leads  me  to  affirm  that  the 
great  chief  of  Latin  poetry  has,  like  Vorti- 
gern, a  Celtic  name  Virgiliusi 

"He  belonged  to  the  region  of  Gallia 
Cisalpina,  and  Zeuss  says  of  the  name, 
'Nomen  vix  dubium  gallicse  originis.'  It 
might  be  be  hazardous  to  say  what  the 
■gilius  signifies,  but  of  the  vir-  there  can  be 
no  doubt,  and  the  assurance  is  made  all  the 
surer  by  the  old  form  Fer-gilius,  to  which 
the  critics  are  now  returning,  which  suits 
admirably  the  singular  of  the  Celtic,  fear 
(a  man). 

"Besides  the  chief  of  Latin  poetry,  Zeuss 
hands  over  to  the  Celtic  race  tlie  chiefs  of 
Latin  History,  and  Science: — 'Addo,  _et 
Livius,  et  Plinius,  nomina  Gallica  Italiae 
superioris.' " 

The  Greek  for  man  is  aner  and  the  noun 
for  manliness  (besides  enoree  and  andria) 
is  androtes.  The  a  of  the  initial  seems  to 
be  euphonic,  and  not  part  of  the  root :  for 
the  Sanscrit  is  without  the  a  initial,  nri, 
plural  naras,  "men."  So  the  old  Sabine 
speech,  which,  we  are  told,  said  Nero, 
'fortis,'  and  Nerio,  'fortitudo.' 

"What  says  the  Gaelic?    Is  there  any 


160 


THE  GAEL. 


Aug.,  1872. 


word  for  man  that  will  identify  with  anhr'i 
Not  now,  but  there  had  been  once,  for  the 
word  for  manliness  is  neart,  which  is,  there- 
fore, an  exact  analo,'on  in  root  and  endin.L,' 
of  androtts,  when  this  last  has  been  stripped 
of  all  accessories  (a,d,-!s),  and  reduced  to  its 
simplest  form  (11,0).  Even  the  rit^'id  Curtius, 
who,  to  avoid  the  violation  of  certain  pliil- 
ologic  principles,  will  not  allow  us  to 
identify  the  Greek  thens  with  the  Latin 
deus, admits  the  equation;  l^eart  =  a)idrotijs. 

"Few  thint^s  in  languaLje  are  more  inter- 
esting than  to  know  that  Gaelic  holds  fellow- 
ship with  Greek  in  its  word  for  manliness, 
.•tnd  with  Latin  in  its  name  for  man;  Fear 
being  similarly  the  equation  of  the  Latin 
Vir. 

"In  this  high  companionship  I  leave  the 
Celtic  tongue,  and  commend  it,  therefore, 
to  your  earnest  study  and  investigation,  on 
scientific  as  well  as  on  patriotic  grounds." 


very  reasonable  terms.  The  Govern- 
ment grant  it  to  Set  tiers  for  a  small  sum, 
and  that  sum  can  be  paid  during  a 
course  of  years,  by  improving  the  roads 
to  the  Settlers'  farms.  The  Highland 
(jrAELic  Emigration  Society  started 
about  thirty-three  years  ago,  has  now 
no  existence.  It  was  the  means  of 
bringing  out  a  number  of  Highland 
families  at  the  time. 


THE  HIGHLANDERS  OF  NEW 
BRUNSWICK. 
We  are  indebted  for  the  following 
interesting  information  regarding  the 
Highlanders  of  New  Brunswick  to  the 
Rev.  Thomas  Nicolson,  Riper  Charles, 
New  Brunswick: — There  are  about  150 
Highland  families  in  this  county,  Resti- 
gouche,  chiefly  from  the  Island  of 
Arran.  They  are  generally  in  good 
circumstances.  The  greatest  number 
of  them  came  here  from  twenty-five  to 
thirty  years  ago.  A  few  have  come 
occasionally  since.  There  are  about 
fifty  or  sixty  families  of  Highlanders 
in  Black  River,  Miramichi.  There  are 
besides  these  some  hundreds  of  Highland 
families  scattered  up  and  down  the  pro- 
vince. There  is  now  no  Gaelic  preaclied 
in  New  Brunswick,  except  one  sermon 
by  the  Rev.  Mr.  MacMaster  at  the 
Communion  Season.  Some  families  of 
Highlanders  left  for  California  a  few 
years  ago.  They  have  not  bettered 
their  circumstances,  and  all  regret  that 
they  left.  Highlanders  generally  do 
well  in  this  province.  There  is  an 
abundance  of  excelletit  land  unoccupied 
in  our  country.     It  can  be  obtained  on 


THE  HIGHLANDERS  OF  NORTH 

CAROLINA. 
To  the  Editor  of  "The  Gael," 

Permit  me  to  add  a  note  of  correct- 
ion to  the  Rev.  John  C.  Sinclair's  very- 
interesting  account  of  the  Highlanders 
of  North  Carolina  which  appeared  in 
the  .June  number  of  "The  Gael." 

When  writing  the  names  of  Ministers 
who  preached  there  iu  tlie  Gaelic  Lan- 
guage, he  omitted  to  mention  the  Rev. 
Dugald  Crawford,  from  the  Island  of 
Arran,  who,  I  am  informed,  went  twice 
to  North  Carolina  and  remained  there 
several  years  and  preached  in  the 
Gaelic.  Some  of  his  Sermons  were 
printed  there  and  some  were  printed  in 
Scotland;  the  first  of  his  printed  Ser- 
mons that  came  to  my  hand  were  six 
in  number,  printed  uniform,  the  title 
of  the  first  reads, — Searmon  a  chaidh  a 
Uohhairt  ag  an  Raft  Swamp,  (here 
follows  a  date  in  Gaelic)  Le  D.  Craw- 
ford, Ministei\  FayetteriUe;  printed 
by  Rowlston  &  Sibley  or  Sidley,  1791. 
The  second  appearance  from  the  press 
is  entitled  Searmon  do  Mhnai,  and 
dated  1805,  this  Serujon  was  dedicated 
to  Mrs  M'Calister  of  Cour  in  Kintyre; 
and  the  third  is  a  Farewell  Sermon  in 
the  English  preached  in  the  parish 
church  of  Skipness,  Ki  ntyre,  1812.  He 
afterwards  settled  in  his  native  Isle  of 
Arran  and  was  appointed  as  parish 
Minister  of  Kilraorey,  where  he  con- 
tinued till  his  death  which  happened 
about  the  year  1841.  He  w^\s  drowned 
whilst  getting  out  iu  a  small  boat  to 


Aug.,  1872. 


THE  GAEL. 


161 


reach  the  steam -boat  intending  to  go 
in  the  latter  to  Greenock. 

I  hope  that  the  Rev.  J.  C.  Sinclair 
will  again  speak  to  his  brethren 
through  your  truly  Highland  News- 
paper and  permit  me  to  suggest  to  him 
that  he  should  extend  his  enquiry 
through  the  length  and  breadth  of  the 
United  States  and  try  and  trace  out  as 
many  as  possible  of  our  Gael  who  have 
distinguished  themsevles  in  various 
professions  and  occupations  of  life,  re- 
membering that 

'Lives  of  great  men  all  remind  us, 
We  can  make  our  lives  sublime, 
And  departing;  leave  behind  us 
Footprints  on  the  sands  of  time.' " 
NiALL  Càiimbeui.. 

BALL  GHLINN-TRUIM. 
Le  Dòmhnull  Caimbeul,  Mac  Dhòmlinuill 

Phail,  Bard  Chinn-a'-Ghiiibhsaich. 
{Ann  am  B'-nrIa  '.s  an  Gà.ilig.) 
Air  Fonn: — ''The  Laird  of  Cockpen." 
Yesterday  evening,   san  fheasgar  an  raoir. 
We  marclifd  away  to  Bail  Ghlinn-truim, 
We  could  na  get  lasses,  cha  rachadli  iad  leinn, 
Andgoiny  without  them  bii  mhuladach  sinn. 
When  we  arrived,  gvi'n  d  fhuair  sinn  ho-rel 
They  all  enquired  "nach  tug  thu  leat  te?" 
"  We're  better  without  them''  gun  fhreagair 

mi  fhein; 
But  never  let  on,  nach  f  haighinn  a  li-aon. 
And  when  we  entered  an  rum  'san  ro'  'n 

danns',  [Galld', 

The  lasses  were  dressed  anns  na  fasanan 
With  tvhite  muslin  frocks  agus  cròtaibh 

na  'u  ceann —  [eadh  tu  fann- 

They  would  cheer  up  your  heart  ged  a  bhith 
With  gum-floivexs  and  ribbons  gur  h-iad  a 

bha  briagh, —  [riamh. 

All  tnmmed  in  the  fashion  nach  fhaca  mi 
With  hoops  in  their  skirts,  '&  ann  annta 

bha  'n  Had :  [inn.  mas  f hiar. 

They  thought  uach  robh'n  leilhid  ri  'fhaigh- 
When  the  dancing  commenced,  cha  robh  iad 

cho  gann,  >  [riut'  a  dlianns'; 

But  you  would  get  pleuty  "reidheadli  comhl' 
The  house  was  so  crowded  -  bha  'n  t-urlar 

cho  trang; 
You  never  saw  leitheid  de  rabble  'sa  bh'ann ! 
The  butler  then  ivent  le  toddy  mu  'n  cuairt; 
•When  they  got  the  whisky  '&  ann  aca  'bha  'm 

fuaim ; 


The  lads  were  with  lasses  ri  barganan  criiaidh 
And  I  luent  to  listen,  an  taice  ri  'n  cluas! 
The  wind  ivas  hard  blowing  'nsabhal  Ghlinn- 

Truim ;  [druim, — 

The  candles  ivere  dripping  a  mhan  air  ar 
They  painted  our  coats  gun  f  harachdainn 

dhuinn: — 
ffive  stayed  at  home,  cha  d'eirich  sid  dhuinn. 
Lt  was  four  o'clock — 'si  mhaduinn  a  bh'ann 
We  started  for  home  anns  a'  choach  aig  a' 

Ghall,  ['na  ghleann 

When  lue  reached  Kingussie,  gu  'n  deach  m[ 
Regretting  the  loss  'bhi  gun  chadal  'san  àm^ 


NEWS  OF  THE  HIGHLANDS  AND 
ISLANDS. 

Sutherland — Large  Estatj:  Sale. — We 
understand  that  Messrs  Stewart,  Rule,  and 
Burns,  solicitors,  Inverness,  on  Wednesday 
purchased  the  extensive  baronial  estate  of 
Skibo,  in  Sutherlandshire,  for  E.  C,.  Suther- 
land-Walker, Esq.  of  Aberarder,  for  the  sum 
of  £130,000. 

The  Island  of  R assay. — This  tight  little 
island,  on  the  east  of  Skye,  and  close  beside 
it,  is  now  in  the  market.  By  far  the  greater 
part  of  it  is  bleak  and  rocky,  but  to  the  south 
and  west  there  are  some  fine  pastures,  arable 
land,  and  plantations.  The  rental  is  about 
£1500,  and  one  man.  a  native  of  Sutherland, 
pays  about  £1000  of  that  for  having  almost 
the  whole  of  the  island  as  a  sheep  farm. 
The  most  desirable  things  in  the  island  are 
the  mansion-house,  garden,  tmd  the  sur- 
rounding grounds.  The  house  is  a 
commodious  and  most  beautiful  modem. 
mansion,  and  the  garden  is  a  good  one,  and 
famous  for  its  fruit,  especially  gooseberries. 
A  hothouse,  which  cost  £1500,  is  in  the 
garden,  but  is  not  kept  properly.  Close 
beside  the  garden  entrance  is  a  stone  slab, 
which  was  dug  out  of  an  old  Celtic  ruin, 
and  which  bears  Celtic  hieroglyphics  and 
figures  which  have  defied  nntiquarians  to 
make  out  what  they  .  re  There  are  good 
roads  through  all  the  island;  it  is  said  the 
improvements  effected  in  the  place  by  the 
father  of  the  late  proprietor  cost  about 
£15,000.  Rabbits  and  other  game  are  very 
numerous.  It  is  said  that  a  good  many 
offers  are  given  for  the  island,  and  that  Lord 
Middleton,  the  lessee  of  Sconcer  shootings, 
is  among  the  number.  It  is  Iso  s  id  that, 
the  executors  of  Mr  Rainy's  will  are  not  to 
give  the  island  to  any  one  likely  to  be  'à. 


162 


THE  GAEL. 


Aug.,  1872: 


harsh  landlord  for  fear  of  his  turning  out 
the  few  people  \eh.— Northern  Ensign. 

CoAi.  IN  THE  North  of  Scotland  —At 
the  last  meeting  of  the  South  Midland 
Institute  of  Mininer,  Civil,  and  Mechanical 
Ent^ineeers  in  Wolverhonipton.  the  Presi- 
dent, Mr.  E.  Jones,  Minin.t,'  Enirinecr,  .t^ave 
the  result  of  certain  recent  investigations 
made  by  him  with  and  for  the  Duke  of 
Sutherland  on  his  North  of  Scotland  estates. 
In  Sutherland,  where  he  expected  to  find 
granite,  with  scoria  and  other  traces  of  ig- 
neous action,  he  had  found  coal.  He 
believed  the  field  would  prove  of  great  value, 
that  the  carboniferous  ironstone  associated 
with  it  would  be  found  lying  immediately 
beneath  the  oolite,  which  was  the  formation 
at  the  surface,  and  this  would  prove  to  be 
of  a  larger  area  than  any  other  known  coal 
field  in  Scotland.  He  had  traced  the  coal 
from  the  rivei  Brora  to  the  Frith  of  Dornoch, 
and  upwards  along  the  edge  of  Sutherland 
to  Helmsdale.  Sinkings  would  soon  be 
made,  and  the  powerful  machinery  for  con- 
ducting the  operations  would  be  under  his 
direction.  The  work  would  have  an  impor- 
tant bearing  upon  the  question  of  the 
existence  of  coalbetween  London  andDover. 
The  President  showed  fossil  specimens  of 
the  oolite  formation  that  he  had  brought 
from  the  quarry  of  which  Dunrobin  Castle 
was  built,  and  beneath  which  Mr  Jones  be- 
lieves the  coal  is  lying.  Going  on  to  speak 
of  the  coal  field  of  the  immediate  district, 
he  asserted,  as  the  result  of  close  observa- 
tion extending  over  forty  years,  that  the 
coal  of  Shropshire  is  being  rapidly  worked 
out. 

Kingussie — Death  of  Mr.  Macrae, 
Banker. — The  sudden andunexpeeted death 
of  Mr  Donald  Macrae,  agent  for  the 
Caledonian  Bank  at  Kingussie,  has  taken  us 
by  surprise  here.  It  was  only  on  Monday 
that  he  felt  unwell,  but  he  was  then  still 
able  to  attend  his  business.  In  the  after- 
noon he  accompanied  Sheriff  Blair — who 
was  in  Kingussie  at  a  meeting  of  Police 
Commissioners— to  the  railway  station,  and 
appeared  to  be  in  pretty  good  health.  He 
attended  at  the  Bank  on  Tuesday  v.s  usual, 
but  between  Tuesday  night  and  Wednesday 
morning  he  had  a  shock  of  paralysis,  whicli 
ultimately  proved  fatal.  From  the  moment 
it  was  known  thnt  Mr  Macrae  was  seriously 
ill  there  was  a  constant  flowof  sympathizing 
friends  inquiring  for  him  at  the  Bank,  and 
his  untimely  death  has  cast  a  gloom,  not 


only  over  the  village  of  Kingussie,  but  over 
the  district  of  Badenoch.  His  funeral  took 
place  on  Tuesday,  and  was  attended  by 
friends  from  all  parts  of  Inverness-shire,  and 
from  the  counties  of  Ross,  Sutherland, 
Moray,  Perth,  and  Edinburgh.  The  shops 
in  the  village  (and  they  are  not  a  few)  were 
closed,  and  the  shutters  on  the  windows; 
the  bells  of  both  churches  were  tolled,  and 
the  children  of  both  Free  and  Established 
schools  turned  out  on  the  occasion.  De- 
ceased was  local  Secretary  for  the  Inverness, 
Ross,  and  Nairn  Club,  in  the  Badenoch 
district,  and  it  was  only  the  other  day  that 
along  with  Sir  George  Macpherson-Grant, 
he  took  part  in  presenting  prizes  to  the- 
successful  competitors  at  the  last  examina- 
tion. The  Volunteers  also  have  lost  one 
of  their  best  friends,  for  he  gave  them  many 
valuable  prizes,  the  last  being  ^£10  to  be 
equally  divided  between  the  first,  second, 
and  third  class  shots,  so  that  each  class  of 
shotshad  an  equal  chance  of  winning  a  prize. 
Mr  Macrae  was  a  native  of  the  district,  and 
intimately  acquainted  with  its  circumstances- 
He  not  only  carried  on  banking  and  law 
business,  but  wiis  one  of  the  most  enter- 
prising farmers  in  the  district.  Mr  Macrae 
died  at  the  early  age  of  55  years,  and  leaves 
a  widow  and  large  family  to  mourn  his  loss. 
June,  26,  1872. 

Shipment  of  Peats  from  Islat. — There 
is  likely  to  be  a  dearth  of  fuel  in  the  island 
of  Islay  before  the  ensuing  winter  is  over,. 
as  peats  are  being  shipped  in  large  quanti- 
ties to  meet  the  demand.  A  few  days  ago 
there  were  150  bags  of  peats  sent  to  New- 
Zealand  from  Port-Ellen,  and  this  shipment 
is  not  the  first  from  the  Island.  It  is  under- 
stood that  there  are  to  be  large  quantities 
forwarded  regularly  from  Islay  to  our 
Australian  possesions. — Scotsman. 

A  Highland  Congregation  in  New- 
Zealand. — Mr.  William  Macrae,  who 
emigrated  from  Strathpeffer  to  Auckland, 
New  Zealand,  in  October  last,  under  the 
auspices  of  the  Colonial  Committee  of  the 
Free  Church  of  Scotland,  has,  after  having 
Tuidergone  the  required  examination  of  the 
Presbytery  of  Auckland,  been  licensed  as  a 
Minister  of  the  Gospel,  and  appointed  Minis- 
ter to  the  Gaelic-speaking  congregation  of 
Waipu,  some  eighty  miles  from  Auckland 
from  whom  he  had  received  a  unanimous 
call,  and  who  are  almost  wholly  composed 
of  Highlanders  from  the  shires  of  Suth- 
erland   and    Ross,      At    a    Meeting    of 


Aug.,  1872. 


THE  GAEL. 


163 


!  the  Colonial  Committee  in  June,  Mr.  Neil 
MCallum  probationer  was  also  appointed 
to  the  Colonial  field  and  has  selected  Auck- 
;  land  as  the  sphere  of  his  labours ;  other 
I  appointments  to  the  same  field  are  also 
I  expected  to  follow. 

I  Of  the  Inverness  Royal  Academy 
j  Examination,  a  correspondent  in  the  Tn- 
j  Terness  Cotirier  of  July  4,  writes  thus  : 
— ''Sir, — While  all  had  much  reason 
to  admire  and  approve  of  the  appear- 
ance made  by  both  teachers  and  pujDÌls 
during  the  examination  days  of  this 
excellent  iu.stitution,  may  I  ask  why— 
during  the  musical  performances  in  the 
Music  Hall  on  Wednesday — our  native 
music  was  so  entirely  excluded  ?  Do 
the  Directors  disapprove  of  its  being 
taught?  It  is  hardly  pos.sible  that 
Strathspeys,  martial  airs,  or  Jacobite 
songs,  will  cease  to  have  their  special 
charms  in  any  part  of  Scotland,  far  less 
in  the  metropolis  of  the  Highlands. 
And  we  think  therefore  that  the  Direc- 
tors would  do  well  to  provide  that  this 
class  of  music  should  be  regularly  and 
properly  taught  in  the  Academy." 

We  heartily  sympathize  with  this 
correspondent's  sugge.stions.  It  is 
really  to  be  deplored  that  in  such  a 
place  as  Inverness  our  native  music 
would  give  place  entirely  to  German 
or  any  other  far-fetched  material. 
And  in  such  an  Institution  as  the 
Ro)^al  Academy  of  Inverness,  should 
the  teaching  of  the  Gaelic  Language 
be  neglected?  While  other  quarters  are 
busily  engaged  in  the  study  of  Gaelic, 
and  matters  of  Highland  interest  in 
general,  should  Inverness  look  on  in 
thq  lukewarm  manner  in  which  she  is 
generally  represented  to  do  towards 
matters  affecting  the  thne-honovred 
tongue  of  her  oldest  inhabitants'^:  Should 
there  be  a  Gaelic  Class  formed  in  the 
the  Royal  Academy  of  Inverness,  would 
it  not  be  a  grand  stepping  stone  to  the 
Class  in  the  University  whenever  the 
Gaelic  Professorship  is  founded. 


INVERNESS  GAELIC  SOCIETY- 
ASSEMBLY  &  CONCERT. 
The  re-union  of  this  Society  took  place  on 
Thursday  evening,  in  the  Music  Hall,  In- 
verness. The  Chairman,  Provost  Mackenzie, 
was  supported  by  Professor  Blackie;  R. 
Carruthers,  LL.D.;  Colonel  Macpherson, 
Cluny;  Sheriff Macdonald,  Iat«ofStorno\vay; 
Bailie  Simpson,  Inverness;  Alex.  Dallas, 
Esq.,  Town-Clerk,  do.;  Rev.  Mr  Macgregor, 
Inverness;  Rev.  Mr  Stewart,  Nether-Loch- 
aber;  F.  Macdonald,  Esq.,  Druidag;  Mr. 
Camming  Allanfearn,  &c.  The  Pi-ovost 
in  opening  the  proceedings  expressed  regi-et 
at  the  unavoidable  absence  of  his  nephew, 
Sir  Kenneth  S.  Mackenzie,  of  Gairloch,  who 
had  agreed  to  preside.  The  first  song  of 
the  evening  was  commmenced  and  excel- 
lently rendered  bv  Mr  Macrae,  '"Nighueag 
a  Chuil  duinn,"  in  the  purest  (Jaelic.  This 
was  followed  by  one  in  good  broad  Scotch, 
preserving  the  spirit  and  key  note  of  the 
proceedings,  by  being  in  praise  of  "The  Stem 
Scottish  Hielands.''  The  next  item  was  the 
well  known  reel  of  Tulloch — danced  by  four 
practised  "hands."  This  was  followed  by  a 
recitation  in  Gaelic  by  Mr  Macdonald,  the 
Society's  Bard,  a  well  known  adept  in  Gaelic 
prose  and  verse.  Aiter  this  appeal  in  the 
vernacular,  came  a  selection  of  Scotch  airs 
by  Mr.  C.  S.  Grant.  The  next  speech  was 
delivered  by  the  Rev  Air  Stewart,  the  talent- 
ed Netlier-Lochaber  correspondent  of  the 
Inverness  Courier.  It  is  hardly  necessary 
for  us  to  remark  that  M.i  Stewart  executed 
his  task  in  the  same  excellent  style  which 
characterises  his  writings  and  that  he  sat 
down  amid  volumes  of  applause.  This  was 
followed  by  a  Gaelic  song  from  the  Misses 
Mackintosh  and  Mr.  W.  Mackay.  After 
an  iutervar  during  which  the  audience  par- 
took of  a  service  of  fruit,  Professor  Blackie 
rose  amid  cheers  and  said  that  if  ever  he 
delivered  an  address  with  pleasure  in  spite 
of  displeasure,  it  was  on  the  present  occa- 
sion. Being  a  mere  south  country  Saxon — 
an  alien  in  blood  and  language,  he  cei  tainlj 
should  not  have  been  asked  unless  it  were 
known  that  he  loved  the  Highlands,  and  the 
Highland  people  loved  him.  And  to  him 
the  love  and  esteem  of  his  fellow  countrymen 
were  more  than  all  the  power  of  all  the  po- 
liticians, andallthe  gold  of  all  the  millionaires. 
He  would  consider  it  a  very  high  honour  tr> 
be  associated  with  the  Society  in  this  resus- 
citation of  a  grand  national  feeling  that  had 
too  long  Iain  dormant  in  this  country.     It 


164 


THE  GAEL. 


Aug.,  I87fe 


was  a  very  great  mistake  in  past  times  to 
neglect  our  Celtic  nationality,  and  its  lan- 
guage, tiaditions,  inusii",  noetry.  It  could 
never  be  right  to  undervalue  themselves,  to 
trample  upon  their  own  traditions,  to  cast 
odium  upon  theii- own  mother,  to  neglect  the 
graves  of  thoir  fai  liers.  But  !iow  they  made 
a  public  profession  of  something  wrong  done, 
and  an  earnest  beginning  of  a  light  thing  to 
be  accomplished.  They  were  all  to  blame, 
Celts  and  Saxons  alike,  and  he  did  not  know 
which  was  m  )st  to  blame.  Not  one  High- 
lander in  a  bundled  could  read  or  spell  his 
own  langu  ige.  Sli  1  he  believed  the  Saxons 
were  more  to  blame  than  the  Celts.  The 
latter  lived  in  a  reynote  corner,  and  suffer- 
ed wrongs  of  which  he  would  not  speak 
particularly;  while  the  Saxons  were  sitting 
in  the  comloilable  South,  having  the  High- 
landers to  fight  tlieir  battles  at  Waterloo 
and  elsewhere,  yet  despising  them,  making 
them  the  subjects  of  shallow  jests,  hughing 
at  them,  just  as  an  Englishman  1  lughs  at  a 
Scotchman  What  a  set  they  were,  laugh- 
at  one  another,  instead  of  engaging  in 
scientific  research,  and  seeking  mutual 
sympathy  and  philosophical  appreciation! 
Such  men  as  Stewait,  Armstrong,  iMaclauch- 
Ian,  Mackenzie, and  Skene,  had  made  a  study 
of  Celtic  matters,  but  these  were  single 
names.  The  neglect  of  thu  Gaelic  was  a 
loss  intellec-tually,  morally,  and  socially.  It 
belonged  to  the  great  family  of  tongues 
commonly  called  the  Aryan,  and  to  know 
Latin  and  Greik  thoroughly  they  should 
read  Sanscrit  or  Gaelic — rio  matter  which. 
If  people  had  an  interest  in  old  stones,  and 
old  bones,  and  old  urns,  surely  they  should 
venerate  the  oldest  languiige  of  the  human 
race,  still  a  living  langufif^e — one  rich  in 
illustration,  near  to  our  living  sympathies, 
and  of  pi-actical  interest  and  importance. 
The  Gaelic  language  had  characteristic  pe- 
culiariti(;s  most  interesting  in  i-eference  to 
the  organization  of  human  speech,  and  not 
found  in  Sancrit,  or  Latin,  or  Greek.  Some 
of  those  peculiarities  opened  up  quite  a  new 
trahi  of  thoui^ht  altogether.  It  had  also 
.some  fine  sounds  and  it  was  a  great  help  to 
the  knowledge  of  Latin,  (4reok,  Gorman, 
and  other  languages.  He  had  himself 
traced  500  Greek  roots  to  Gaelic.  But  some 
of  those  clever  fellows  in  the  South,  who 
knew  everything,  aaked  what  was  the  use 
of  studying  a  language  that  had  no  litera- 
ture? Now  it  there  was  n>it  a  single  bo(dc 
iu  Gaelic  he  would  study  it,  because  it  was 


the  way  to  the  hearts  of  the  people.  Better 
living  men  and  women  than  all  the  printed 
books  in  the  world.  Rut  Gaelic  had  the^ 
best  kind  of  Hterature — the  kind  of  literature 
that  makes  Scotland  what  it  is — the  litera- 
ture of  songs  and  poetry  and  national  music. 
This  was  of  value,  nf)t  to  enable  every  clever 
fellow  to  talk  ot  all  subjects  and  a  few 
others,  but  in  bringing  out  all  the  noble  sen- 
timents of  a  people's  heart,  and  in  cherishing 
llie  nodlest  memories;  this  was  a  literature, 
that  would  do  them  more  good  than  all  they 
could  cram  at  the  University  of  Kdinburgh 
or  under  the  Education  Bill.  The  greatest 
evil  to  them  in  the  South  was  ihat  their 
national  music  was  n')t  made  an  indispens- 
able j)artof  the  national  education.  Next 
to  the  Bible  he  placed  the  national  songa 
for  true,  healthy  tenching — fresh  like  the 
breezy  atmosphere,  blooming  like  heather, 
rushing  like  the  mountain  streams;  and 
making  the  blood  beat  in  harmony  with 
them.  Latin  and  Greek  were  all  very  well, 
but  a  man  should  be  what  God  made  him,, 
and  his  duties  were  with  his  own  people. 
Of  course  they  must  be  fashionable— that  is, 
go  to  Italian  operas  in  Edinburgh  and 
London,  and  force  people  to  learn  Latin 
and  Greek,  which  they  forget  soon  enough 
— but  don't  learn  yom-  own  mother  tongue, 
which  you  suck  in  with  your  mother's  milk. 
People  who  went  away  in  search  of  some- 
thing grand,  and  dii  not  learn  the  wisdom 
and  philosophy  of  common  things,  would 
be  shallow  fellows  to  the  end  of  the  chipter 
though  crammed  fulhind  fringed  round  with 
learning.  'I'he  Sa.xans  could  certainly  not 
be  accused  of  loving  the  Celtic  people  too 
much.  They  sung  Jacobite  songs,  but  that 
was  a  matter  of  pure  sentimentality  ;  and 
many  of  them  thought  and  said  that  the 
Celts  should  be  stamped  out  and  extirpated. 
Now,  he  did  not  think  that  the  Saxons 
should  have  spoken  in  that  way  if  they  had 
known  the  langu-age  of  the  Celts  and  their 
good  qualities.  They  came  down  to  stare  at 
their  mountains  and  glens,  but  tliey  did  not 
love  the  Celts,  and  see  that  no  man  tin-ned 
them  out  of  their  glens,  He  did  say  that 
though  there  was  adisease  of  over- population 
in  some  par:8  of  the  Highlands,  thai  was  no 
reason  why  there  should  be  extirpation  in 
any  part  of  them.  He  spoke  of  no  one 
personally;  but  if  the  country  had  been  de- 
populated, one  cause  of  that  had  been  that 
those  who  held  the  land  did  not  speak  the 
language,  and  did  not  know  the  hearts  of 


Aug.,  1872. 


THE  GAEL. 


165 


the  people,  did  not  care  a'straw  for  the  people, 
but  felt  that  they  would  have  no  poor-rates 
when  the  devils  were  away.  If  such  things 
had  been — and  he  had  good  reuson  to  sus- 
pect that  they  had — he  repeated  that  the 
cause  was  this,  that  there  was  no  sympathy 
between  the  holders  of  the  land  and  the  peo- 
ple who  lived  upon  it;  and  there  would 
have  been  more  of  that  sympathy  if  the 
landowners  had  studied  the  language  of  a 
people  of  whom  they  ought  to  have  been 
proud.  Well,  he  had  given  very  good  reasons 
why  the  Gaelic  should  be  preserved,  and  he 
was  not  bound  to  give  an  nnderstaniling- 
wsth  them.  If  they  did  not  sympathise 
with  him  and  with  the  Gaelic  people,  then 
he  was  very  sorry  for  them,  but  thankful 
also  thas  he  was  not  cursed  with  the  blindness 
of  their  intellects  or  the  hardness  of  their 
hearts.     (Cheers ) 

The  Rev.  Mr.  M'Gregor  of  the  West 
Church,  Inverness,  delivered  an  Address  in 
Gaelic,  which  was  frequently  drowned  amid 
cheers  and  appliuse.  After  several  son?s 
&c.,  the  national  anthem  was  sung  in  Gaelic 
and  this  very  successful  meeting  separated 
after  almost  four  hours  sitting. 

We  may  compliment  the  members  of  the 
Society  for  the  e.xeellent  manner  in  which 
they  have  got  up  this  meeting,  and  the  un- 
flagging zeal  wliich  characteiizes  them  since 
they  formed  themselves  into  one  of  the  most 
enthusiastic  of  Higliland  Societies. 


PROFESSOR  BLACKIE  ON  NATION- 
ALITY. 

On  Saturdsy,  13lh  July,  Professor  Blaokie 
delivered  a  lecture  on  Nationality  in  the 
Music  Hall,  Inverness,  under  the  auspices  of 
The  Gaelic  SocitTir.  Mr.  Mackintosh  of 
Raip:more,  M.  P.  occupied  the  chair,  and  was 
accompanied  to  the  platform  by  Provost 
Mackenzie;  Mr.  Waterston,  Banker;  Dr.  Car 
ruthers;  Bailie  Mackmto'h;  Mr.  Davidson 
Solicitor;  Mr.  Rose,  Solicitor;  and  Mr 
Mackenzie,  Barnbill. 

In  speaking  of  the  Highlands  the  Professor 
-said  he  resumed  the  strain  of  his  address  on 
Thursday  evening,  and  denounced  the  extir 
pation  of  peasantry  from  the  glens.  They 
would  drive  awiiy  the  people  and  call  it  im- 
provement. He  had  known  those  in  the  south 
who  would  wish  to  see  the  whole  Highlands 
turned  into  one  immense  Tomnahuirich,  the 
Celts  buried  beneath  it,  and  Saxon  Palaces 
piled  on  the  top.  'i'his  would  be  a  very  mag- 
nificent, a  very  selfish,  a  very  despotic,  and  a 
very  Russian  way  ofgaverning  free  men  and 


improving  a  country.  There  was  a  danger 
in  losing  that  magnificent  fellow  the  High- 
lander. Could  any  of  the  clulis  of  London 
turn  out  such  an  animal?  He  wanted  as 
many  Highlanders  in  the  Highlands  as  could 
be  comfortably  maintained  there.  He  said 
there  should  be  no  extirpation— except  in  the 
way  of  weeding  the  turnips;  weed  but  don't 
exterminate.  In  this  matter  proprietors  and 
people  had  both  duties  to  perform.  The 
duties  of  a  proprietor  in  the  Highlands  were 
quite  plain.  The  wealth  of  a  country  did  not 
consist  in  the  number  or  guineas  which  found 
their  way  with  the  least  amount  of  trouble 
into  the  landlord's  pocket,  but  in  the  number 
of  well-conditioned  people  whom,  by  his 
superior  position  in  society,  he  was  enabled 
to  cherish,  to  protect,  and  to  elevate.  The 
landed  proprietor  was  the  Bishop  of  the  dis- 
trict in  secular  matters;  and  if  he  thought  bis 
only  business  was  to  get  his  rents  paid,  to 
spend  them  where  he  would,  to  do  what  he 
would  with  his  own,  then  he  did  not  know  his 
duties,  and  he  was  a  selfish  lellow.  Observe, 
he  was  not  speaking;  against  proprietors,  but 
supposing  there  was  such  a  one  in  the  lot 
then  these  terms  applied  to  him.  A  landlord,' 
he  would  suppose,  got  £IOU(J  from  one  big 
farmer,  and  there  no  poor  rates  and  no  trouble 
about  it,  and  he  went  and  spent  that  in  Lon- 
don at  the  opera,  or  in  worse  places;  or  spent 
it  in  Paris,  where  it  was  a  gain  t  o  Franee;  or 
in  Rome,  where  it  was  a  guiu  to  the  Pope  and 
a  loss  to  us.  Would  it  not  be  better  if  the 
same  landlord  got  £8U0  or  £600  from  a 
number  of  tenants  and  spent  it  among  them, 
than  going  away  with  his  £IU()U  and  doing 
with  it  what  he  liked?  Yes,  he  might  do 
what  he  liked  according  to  the  letter  of  the 
law.  The  law  could  not  be  always  with  him; 
common  sense  could  not  be  always  with  him; 
but  the  very  constitution  of  society,  and  the 
eternal  laws  of  society,  commanded  that  he 
should  attend  to  the  place  where  God  had 
placed  him,  and  do  his  duty  there.  He 
(Professor  Blackie)  was  neither  a  Tory  nor  a 
democnit,  only  a  thinker,  a  student,  and,  in 
a  small  way  if  they  pleased,  a  philosopher. 
That  gave  "hiiu  a  "certain  advantage.  His 
business  was  to  find  out  truth,  to  speak  truth 
and  justice;  and  except  to  do  that  he  would 
not  be  there  that  night.  But  wdiile  he  was 
not  a  democrat,  he  would  bring  in  a  very 
democratic  kind  of  measure;  he  would  impose 
an  absentee  tax,  rewarding  those  proprietors 
who  stay  at  home,  and  making  the  fellows 
who  go  "abroad  pay  all  the  poor  rates.  Of 
course  lie  did  not  object  to  young  ladies  going 
up  to  London  to  get  husbands  — or  the  Duke 
of  Argyll  and  others  going,  who  had  business 
to  discharge;  what  he  did  object  to  was  the 
practice  of  going  and  squandering  money  in- 


166 


THE  GAEL. 


Aug.,  1872 


the  dissipation  of  London  and  Paris.  For  To  "Finlagan," — We  have  receired  your 
himself  he  was  not  a  jiroprietor.  No  doubt  j  contribution  too  late  for  the  present  number 
he  was  a  fcuar,  but  it  was  only  an  acre.     He    of  The  Gael,  but  shall  appear  in  our  next. 


■was  one  of  the  public;  and  he  considered  the 
public  had  a  duty — not  to  run  after  what  was 
lbrei.;n,  but  to  cherish  self-esteem,  to  cultirate 
Jocarindependence,  to  make  the  most  of  what 
■we  have  here.  Far  fowls  had  fair  feathers — 
to  fools.  Let  them  i)reserve  and  guard  their 
right  to  he  themselves.  When  an  Englishman 
came  to  Scotland  he  expected  to  find  a  Scotch- 
man— not  a  second  edition  of  himself,  an 
edition  not  enlarged  and  improved,  but  dim- 
inished, dwarfed,  and  degraded.  When 
he  came  to  Inverness  he  expected  to  find  a 
Highlander,and  he  found  him  there — (shaking 

hands  with  the  Provost,  amidst  loud  laugJiter  j  careful  of  your  penmanship,  and  enaeavour 
and  cheers).  Let  them  learn  a  lesson  from  to  have  more  substance,  less  words  to  express 
the  wisdom  of  unreasoning  animals,  which  I  your  ideas  (if  you  have  any), and  by  all  means 
were  always  right  becaRse  they  -n  ere  always  [  less  of  that  extraneous    rubbish    which    has 


To  S.  F.— We  have  received  your  letter, 
and  beg  to  thank  you  for  the  interest  you  take 
in  The  Gael.  Your  suggestions  shall  be 
carefully  considered. 

To  "Caberfeidh"'  Glen-Urquhart — Your 
letter  and  contribution  are  two  literary  curi- 
osities. What  do  you  mean  by  i)l;icing  a 
lecture  on  bad  behaviour  iu  the  middle  of  a 
pajier  on  "Astronomical  observatiousr''  We 
don't  know.  Neither  can  we  understand  what 
have  occasional  references  to  the  Darwinian 
Theory  to  do  with  the  subject  which  you 
write  upon.     When  you  write  again  be  more 


in  the  hand  of  God.  What,  animals  did  un- 
consciously, let  intelligent  beings  do  con- 
sciously. Therefore,  let  the  eagle  glory  in  his 
wings,  let  the  fish  glory  in  his  fins,  let  the 
hound  glory  in  his  swiftness,  let  the  young 
man  glory  in  his  strength,  let  the  Celt  glory 
in  being  a  Celt,  and  the  Scotchman  in  being 
a  Scot.     (Loud  cheers.) 


ANSWERS  TO  CORRESPONDENTS. 

J.  C.  C. — VVe  have  referred  your  enquiry  as 
to  the  origin  of  the  name  Carmichael,  to  a 
member  of  the  Clan,  well  versed  in  such 
matters  and  received  the  following: — 

Carmichael,  in  Gaelic  Càr-Mhìcheil,  a 
Celtic  name  of  Devotion,  signifying  the 
"Friend  of  Michael,"  the  Archangel,  is  of 
great  antiquity  in  Scotland,  and  was  adopted 
originally  from  a  Barony  called  Caiimichael, 
in  Lanarkshire.  One  John  Carmichael, 
■who  commanded  the  Auxiliaries  at  the  Battle 
of  Eaugc  in  Anjou,  France,  in  the  year  14-22, 
attained  the  highest  martial  renown,  by  dis- 
mounting the  Duke  of  Clarence,  which 
exploit  decided  the  fate  of  the  day  in  favour 
of  the  French  and  Scottish  armies.  In  memory 
of  this  achievement,  John  Carmichael, 
having  broken  his  lance  in  the  encounter, 
obtained  the  addition  to  his  family  arms  of  a 
hand  holdinu;  a  broken  spear  vihich  continues 
the  crest  to  the  present  day.  The  family  is 
of  Argyleshire  and  Lanarkshire,  but  many  of 
them  have  for  some  considerable  time  resided 
in  England.  The  Argyleshire, sept  ranked 
under  the  banner  of  the  "gallant,  devoted, 
old  Stel'RTs  of  Appin,"'  and  of  them  acted  as 
ensign,  or  standard  I)earer  at  Culloden.  The 
crest  is  a  culiit  arm,  erect,  in  armour,  holding 
in  the  hand  a  broken  tilting  lance,  the  point 
falling. 
Motto  (Gaelic),  "Daonnan  Deas."— (English),  "Aye 
ready,"— (French),  "  Toujours  Prest  " 


swallowed  up  your  "Astronomical  observa- 
tions.'' 


INVERNESS  SHEEP  AND  W^OOL  FAIR. 
July  13. 
The  Great  annual  market  for  the  sale  of  the 
staple  products  of  the  Highlands,  sheep  and 
wool,  took  place  at  Inverness  last  week,  com- 
mencing on  Friday,  and  closing  on  Saturday 
night.  The  attendance  was  larger  than  has 
been  witnessed  for  many  year.s;  as  owing  to 
the  facilities  afforded  by  "the  railways  there 
were  purchasers  from  all  parts  of  England 
that  were  never  here  before.  The  weather, 
also,  was  generally  favourable.  Sheep  of  all 
classes  were  in  great  demand,  and  sold  at 
higher  prices,  on  the  whole,  than  in  any  previ- 
ious  year,  unless,  perhaps  at  the  unprecedented 
market  of  18G6.  We  give  a  few  o?  the  tran- 
sactions:— 

CHEVIOTS. 

Attadale  top  wedder  lambs,  sold  to  Mr. 
Fraser,  Loch-carron,  at  L18  lOs;  shots>  LIO 
10s. 

Achinduich  east  ewes  L35. 

Ardross  half-bred  lambs.  30s. 

Glen  Urquhart,  Cromarty,  half  bred  lambs, 
34s  without  shoting. 

Inveran  Cheviot  wedder  lambs,  L20;  cast 
ewes  L32. 

Invergordon  Mains,  three  parts  bred  lambs. 
32s. 

BLACKFACED. 

Achnanault  three  year-old  weddcrs,  L42. 

Attadale  lambs,  L14. 

HALF-BREDS  AND  CROSSES. 

Mr  Fraser,  Aittendow  Dava,  sold  700  grey- 
fiiced  lambs  at  21s. 

Mr  Trotter  bought  the  Rosehaugh  half-bred 
lambs  at  3os  each;  and  sold  Mr  Fraser, 
Clunes,  blackfaced  lambs  at  15s. 


I  Leabh.] 


DARA  MIOS  AN  FHOGHARAIDH,  1872. 


[7  AiR. 


CALLUM  A'GHLINNE— URSGEUL 

GAIDHEALACH. 

Eaerann  I. 

Ann  an  coilltean  fàsail,  agus  ann  an 
uruighean  uaigneach  air  feadli  nan 
gleann  agus  nam  fireach,  aun  an  lar- 
eileanan  na  Gàidhealtaclid,  tha  ioma 
lus  agiis  blàtli  àillidh  o  bliliadbna  gu 
bliadhna  a'  fàs  gu  h-ìirail  fallain,  ds 
eugais  cùram,  no  saothair,  no  Pgil  a' 
gharadair  ;  ach  gu  blii  'seargadh  's  a' 
bàsachadh  fo  anail  fhuar  reota  a' 
gheamhraidh,  air  dboibh  an  cùrsa 
beatha  a  ruìtb,  gun  a  bhi  air  am  faicinn, 
no  an  aiUidheachd  no  an  cubhraidh- 
eaclid  a  bbi  air  am  mealtuinn  le  neacb 
air  bith.  Mar  sin,  b'  iomadh  iad  do 
luchd  aiteachaidh  na  Gàidliealtachd 
air  nach  cualas  riamli  a  bbeag  de 
iomradh  o  am  breth  gu  am  bas,  a 
bhiodb  iomraiteacli  a  thaobh  na  buaidh 
a  bhiodh  aig  an  cliii  modhanail  air 
an  lucbd  duthcha,  na  'n  robh  an 
subbailcean  agus  an  comasan  intinn  air 
an  cur  ann  an  suidheachadh  follaiseach 
aithnicbte  fan  combair. — B'  anndhiu 
Bud  Galium  a'  Gblinne ;  agus  ann  an 
dòchas  gum  feudadb  e  bbi  araon  tait- 
neacb  agus  buanacbdor  do  lucbd  leugb- 
aidh  A'  Ghàidbeil,  tba  sinn  a  ranacbadb 
roinn  de  eachdraidb  a  bheatha  ann  an 
rian  ùrsgeulacli  a  tbaisbeanadb  o  mbios 
gu  mios. 

Rugadh  Galium  a'  Gblinne  o  chionn 
còrr  _  agus  leth-cbeud  bliadbna,  aig 
inbliir  aon  de  na  b-abbnaicbean  lubacb, 
caisleacb,  leumnacb,  gorm-gbrinnealacb 
a  chitbear  air  feadh  na  Gàidhealtachd, 
a  deotbal  gu  tràigh  uisgeacban  nan  allt 
'snan  tobraicbean  a  tba  siòr  shruthadb 
leis  na  leathadan  o  cbàthar  nam  blar 


agus  0  cbreagan  aosda  nam  beann. 
Bba  a  pbarantaibb  le  cbeile  measail 
'n  an  iubbe  fèin ;  a  tbaobb  an  crann- 
cliur  saogbalta,  cha  robb  iad  aon  cbuid 
bocbd  no  saoibbir;  bba  gabbaltas 
cuimseach  combfburtacbail  aca  ann 
'sa'gbleaun — barr  'us  crodli  'us  caoirich. 
Bba  iad  iomraiteacli  a  thaobb  am  fial- 
uidheacbd,  bba  an  dorus  fosgailte,  agus 
am  bòrd  lucbdaicbte  o  mbocli  gu 
anir.och  de  cboigricb  's  de  lucbd  turuis, 
ciod  air  bitli  airde  an  tigeadh  iad. 
Bba  iad  adbartacb,  deanadach,  cùram- 
acb  'n  an  gairm ;  simplidb,  iriosal  'n  an 
caitbe-beatha,  'n  an  eideadb,  'n  an  eir- 
eacbdas  agus'n  an  cleacbdaidhean.  Bba 
an  gabbaltas  daor-mbàlacb  gu  leòir. 
Cba  robb  crodb  'us  caoiricb  'us  cloimh 
acb  ro-iosal  ann  am  pris  an  coimeas  ris 
mar  tba  iad  ann  's  na  laitbibb  so ;  aig 
ceann  gacb  letb-bbliadbna  'nuair  a 
pbaigbte  am  màl,  cba  bhiodb  acli  glè 
bbeag  airgid  ma  seacli  gu  bbi  solar 
gacb  goircas  agus  comfburtacbd  a  bha 
feumail  do'n  teagblacb;  acb  ma  bha 
an  t-airgiod  gann  bba  an  cosdas  da 
reir;  rachadh  punnd  Sasunnach  aig  an 
am  ud  ni  b'fhaide  na  thi^id  deich  dhiu 
air  an  la  diugh  aun  an  solar  uireasbh- 
uidbean  coitcbionn  theagblaichean. 
Bha  ach  beag  an  t-iomlan  d'  an  teachd- 
an-tir  a'  fas  as  an  fbonn.  Cha  an  eideadh 
cuim  agus  leapa  air  an  deanauih  aig  a 
bhaile  air  gle  bbeag  de  chosdas  ach 
saothair  nan  lamh.  Ann  's  na  laithibh 
ud,  bba  gacb  fear  tighe  agus  bean 
thigbe  ann  an  seadh  agus  ann  an 
tomhas  àraidh  'n  an  luchd  ceaird ;  an 
àite  bhi  'reic  seiche  a'  mhairt-gheamh- 
raidh  ri  "  Marsanta  nan  craicionn" — 
is  ann  a  .bhiodb  i  air  a  polladh,  air  a 
malcadh,  air  a  h-aoladb,  air  a  cairteadh 


168 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


Dara  Mi. 


,  Fhogliarnidh,lSr2. 


agus  air  a  gi<illacbd  airsou  leatliar 
bhr^g,  fad  air  thoiseacb  aim  an  cnias 
agus  auu  am  buaaas  air  an  leathar 
(jhallda  a  gheibhcar  an  diuglx  ann  am 
buthaibh  nam  marsantan  agus  nan 
greusaichean.  Bha  na  brògan  air  an 
deanamh  aig  a  bbaile,  air  an  deagli- 
cbumadh  a's  air  am  fuaiglieal  gu  dain- 
geau  dionacb  le  iallaibb,  gnu  cbaiub 
gun  rosaid.  Bba  gacb  sratliair  'us 
sumag,  le  'n  gaid  ucbdaicb,  tbarraicb 
agus  èislicb,  gacb  sugan  agus  crann- 
bbraid,  gacb  cliabb  a's  coran  sacaicli, 
•cranu-treabbaidb  us  cliatli-cbliathaidb, 
gacli  amal  a's  grcalag,  gacb  teagbair  a's 
taod  a's  buaracb,  agus  acb  beag  gacli 
ball-acfbuinn  agus  ni  bba  feumail  a 
stigb  'sa  muigli,  air  an  deanamb  A  fas 
an  f bearainu  gun  sgilliun  airgid  a  cbur 
nan  ciric  Ma  bba  na  fir  mar  sud 
teòm-làmbacb  adliartacb,  cba  robb  idir 
na  mnatban  agus  na  maigbdeanan  air 
deireadb  'n  an  deanadas  fdin.  Gbeibbte 
iadsan  gacb  feasgar  fada  geambraidb 
air  an  cleacbdadb  ri  cireadb,  ri  tlamadb, 
ri  ckrdadb,  ri  sniomb,  ri  toinneamb 'sri 
tacbras  snatb  cloimbe  agus  lin  airson 
nan  clòtban,  nan  currainean,  nam 
breacan,  nam  plaideachan,  nan  stutb- 
an,  nan  drògaidean  agus  an  lion-anairt 
dbetli  an  robb  acb  beag  an  t-iomlan 
d'  an  deiseacban  seacbduin  agus  sabaid 
air  an  deanamb  suas,  gun  sgilHiin  a 
cbur  nan  eiric  acb  duais  an  fbigbeadair 
agus  an  tailleir.  B'ainmig  a  cliite  san 
am  ud  air  feill  no  an  clacban,  deisc  de 
aodacb  tana  lorn  Gallda  air  fear  no  air 
mnaoi,  air  òganacb  no  air  maigbdinn, 
agus  ma  bba  iad  mar  sud  simplidb 
na  'n  èireacbdas,  bba  iad  direacbdail 
'n  an  sinplidbeacbd ;  oir  b'e  fasau  an 
latba,  eireaclidas  air  bbeag  riombaidb  ; 
cha  b'e  riombadb  luideagacb  riobagacli 
air  l)beag  eircacbdais.  Ann  's  gacb 
buaidb  agus  deagb  blieus  a  blia  dean- 
amb suas  cliu  neo-mbearacbdacb  nam 
"  ban  f^ubbailceacb,"  cba  robb  matbair 
Cballum  a'  Gblinne  bonn  air  deireadb 
air  a  combaoisean  agus  air  a  comb- 
inbbig>l^,  a-nns  an  diitbaicb.     On  latba 


cbuireadb  "ceudbbreid  na  muà  posda" 
air  a  ceann,  dbearbb  i  anu  's  gacb 
daimb  agus  suidbeacbadb,  "gun  robb 
a  luacb  gu  mor  os  cionn  clacban 
nasal."  "Cboisinn  agusgbleidb  i  earbsa 
cridlie  a  fir,  agus  riamb  o  na  db'aonadh 
ri  cbeile  iad,  cba  robb  feum  aige  air 
creicb."  "Dliiarr  i  olann  agus  lion, 
agus  db'  oibricb  i  gu  toileacb  le  a 
làmban.  Bba  i  ann  an  ioma  seadb  mar 
longaibb  nanceannaicbean,  abbeireadb 
am  biadb  o  tbir  cbein. — Db'eireadb  i 
'nuair  a  bi  an  oidbcbe  bliiodb  fbatbast 
ann,  agus  bbcireadb  i  Ion  d'a  teagblacb 
agus  cuibbrionn  d'a  maigdeauaibli. 
Bba  a  leasraidb  an  combnuidb  crios- 
laicbte  le  neart  modbanail. — Bba  i 
motbacliail  gun  robb  a  ceannacbd 
maitli,  cba  vacbadb  a  coinneal  ds  san 
oidbcbe. — Ciiuireadb  i  a  lamban  air  an 
dealgaii,  'sgbabbadbglacan  alainbgreiin 
don  cbuigeil. — Bba  a  glac  an  comb- 
nuidb fosgailte  don  truagban;  agus  a 
làmbp.n  sìnte  don  fbeumacb, — Cba 
bbiodb  eagnl  oirre  roimb  an  t-sneacbd, 
airson  a  teagblaicb,  oir  bba  iad  uile' 
còralulaicbte  le  saotbair  a  lamb. — Db' 
aitbnicbte  a  fear  ann  's  na  geataibb, 
'nuair  a  sbuidbeadh  e  maille  ri  sean- 
airibb  na  tire.  Db'  fbosgladb  i  a  beul 
le  gliocas,  agus  bba  bigb  a  cbaoimbneis 
air  a  teanga.  Bba  i  curamacb  mu 
sbligbibb  a  teagblaicb,  agus  cba  d'  itli 
i  riamb  aran  an  diombanais."  Os  cionn 
gacb  buaidb  a^us  deagb  bbcus  eile  trc 
an  robb  i  aitlinicbtc  mar  mbnaoi  agus 
mar  mbatbair — bba  "eagal  an  Tigb- 
earna  oirre."  Bba  a  Companacb  mar 
an  ceudna  na  fbear  aideacbaidb  air  an 
diadbacbd;  cha  robb  mor  fhogblum 
aca;  acli  a  rdir  tombas  an  (.'òlais,  bba 
iad  Ic  cbeile  a'gluasad  ann  an  aitbntibb 
agus  ann  an  ordiiigbean  an  Tigbearna 
gu  neo-locbdacb — cba  robb  an  aideacb- 
adh  air  an  diadbacbd  aon  cbuid 
gleadliracb  no  àrd-fbuaixucacb;  bba 
iadilriniicacb.onoracb,  agus  creidcasach 
nan  clici  agus  nan  giulan  anu  am 
fianuis  an  t-saogbail.  Bbaaitefein  aig 
a'  Bhiobul  ana  san  teagbliich;  cba  r.obK^ 


Dara  Mios  an  Fho^hardJb,  1S72. 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


169 


mòran  de  leabliraiclieaii  eile  aca  a  bharr 
air,  acli  am  beagan  a  bh'anii,  bha  iad 
de'n  t-seorsaa  b'fliearr;  agus  ach  beag 
an  t-iomlan  dhiu  amis  a'  Ghàilig — mar 
bha,  "Staid  ceitliir  fillte  an  duine" 
le  Boston;  "  Tus  agus  fas  diadliacbd 
san  anam  ;"  le  Doddridge;  ''  Gairm  do 
pheacaich,"  &c.,  le  Allelne;  "  Tiirus  a 
Chriosduidh,"  "  Leabhar  aidmheil  a 
chreidimh,"  "Leabhar  farsuing  agus 
aithghearr  nan  ceisdcan,"  agus  leabhar 
no  dha  de  oibribh  nan  seaun  bhard 
Gaidhealach.  Ma  bha  bardachd  Oisein 
ann  an  clo  àig  an  am  ud,  cha  robh  i 
aithnichte  am  measg  nan  Gàidheal  anns 
'an  uidheam  sin ;  ach  cha  b'  ainn- 
eamh  iad  aig  an  robh  raoran  de  dhain 
na  Feinne  air  an  cuimhne,  airus  bha  e 


Bhiobul,  mar  a  chuala  sinn  boireannach 
diadhaidh  aon  uair  ag  radh,  "  Nach 
tugadh  i  mòran  air  aideachadh  neacli 
air  bith  a  chite  a  leughadh  paipear 
naigheachd  ;" — ach  cha  bi  sud  beachd 
pharantan  Challuim  a'Ghlinne;  bu  trie 
a  dheisd  e  aig  glim  'athar  ris  an  dealbh- 
tharruing  choiinhlionta  a  rinn  Donncha 
ban  air  aillidheachd  eugsauihuil 
Naduir  ann. an  òrain  "Beinn  Dòbh- 
rain"  agus  "  Choire  cheathaich;"  ni 
mo  a  dhi-chuimhnich  e  re  a  bheàtha  na 
gUiasdau  intinn  gradh-dhuthchail  a 
bheir  an  dusgadh  na  bhroilleach  lean- 
abaidh  le  bin  ag  èisdeachd  ri  orain  nam 
bard  anns  ,ia  robh  euchdan  agus  gaisge 
nam  Fineachan  Gaidhealach 's  anluchd 
leanmhuiuu  ann  au  aobhar  an  duthcha 


na  chleachdadh  cumanta  mar  chaith-  i  air  an  seinn  's  na  feasgair  ri  tacbh  na 
eamh-aimsir  taitneach  air  na  feasgair  cagailt,  'nuair  a  bhiodh  "  siird  air 
gheamhraidh  a  bhi  'g  an  seinn  air  fuinn  sniomh  nan  cloimhean."  Ni  mo  a  dhi- 
bhiun  thiamhaidh  tre  an  robh  iad  gu  chuimhnich  e  tosdachd  naomh  na  Sab- 
furasda  agus  gu  riochdail,  air  an  clobh-  aid,  no  an  cleachdadh  ionmholta  anns 


ualadh  air  a'  clmimhne,  agus  mar  sin, 
cha  'n  eil  teagamh  nach  robh  iad  air 
an  giulau  a  nios  o  ghinealach  gu 
ginealach  o  cliionn  linntibh,  ciod  air 
bith  bu  toiseach  a's  bu  mhàth- 
air-aobhair  dhoibh  anns  na  laithibh 
a  dh'  fhalbh.  'Am  measg  nan  seann 
Ghaidheal  do  nach  b'  aithne  sgriobhadh 
no  leughadh,  bha  an  comasan  cuimhne 
anabarrach  graraail,  diònach,  agus  bha 
feum  orra — oir  bha  an  t-iomlan  deth  an 
eòlas  air  nithibh  aimsireil  agus  spior- 
adail  gu  buileach  an  crochadh  rithe. 
Cha  ni  furasda  e  do  ard-sgoileirean 
agus  do  fheallsanaich  mhor-chuiseach 
an  latha  so,  do  nach  comasach  ach  gle 
bheag  eòlais  a  chomhphairteachadh  ri 
muinntir  eile  gun  leabhar  no  paipear 
fo  'n  sroin,  a  chreidsinn  gun  robh  bard- 
achd Oisein  ann  am  bitli  gus  an 
deachaidh  a  toirt  air  lorn  le  Seumas 
Mac-Mhuirich. 

Faodaidh  e  bhi  gum  bheil  iad  ann  a 
tha  de  'n  bharail  uacli  bu  choir  aite  no 
cairtealan  a  bhi  aig  dain  Oisein  no  aig 
obair  nam  bard  aim  an  teaghlach  air 
bith  anns  an  robh   aite    fdiu   aig  a' 


an  robh  gach  feasgar  dhiu  air  an 
caicheamh.  llinn  leughadh  nan  Sgriob- 
turan,  agus  an  ceasnacliodh  teaghlaich 
0  leabhar  aithghearr  nan  Ceisdean 
deargadh  agus  driighadh  air  intinn  ann  [ 
an  laithean  aleanabuidheachd  a  thug  a 
mach  deagh  thoradh  an  dèigh  moran  ' 
laithean. 

Faodaidh  ar  luchd  leughaidh  a  bhi 
saoilsinn  gun  deachaidh  sinn  'san  dol  a  ' 
mach,  tuillidh  is  fada  a's  ar  gabhail,  i 
ann  a  bhi  cur  fo'n  comhair  na  h-uiread  ' 
do   chliu   agus  do  blieatha-teaghlaich 
parantan  Challum  a'  Ghlinne,  acli  mu'n 
ruig  sinn  deireadh  ar  sgeoil,  chithear'i 
ciod  a  bhuaidh  thearnaidh  agus  mhis- 
neachaidh  a  bha  aig  eiseimpleir  agus .' 
teagasg  na  fxrdoich  'san  d'  rugadh  e 
air  a  bheatha,  an  ddigh  dha  tir  a  dhuth-  ■ 
chais  fhàgail,  agus  aghaidh  a  cliur  na 
aonar  ri  saoghal  faar,feineil,  coimheach,  i 
carach,  cealgach,  mar  a  fhuair  esan  e,  . 
Ian  de  mhealladh,  de   bhuaireadh,  de  ; 
chunnartan,     de     eigincan     agus    de, 
chruaidh-chas. 

(Ri  'leantuinn.) 

MUILEACII. 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


D.ir,i  SHcsan  Fhogharaidh,  1872, 


)ISEIX:— A  LIXX  AG  US  A 
BHARDACllD. 

(Air  leantuinn.) 

a  deig-li  na  li-uiread  a  radii  a  dhion 

'us  ainm  'ns  aiinsir  Oisein,  faicea- 

l  cuid  de  na  uitboan  bòidheacli  a  tha 

111  sgeòil  nam  bliadhnacbau  a  threig, 

aharraibli  an  s^oithe  dorclia.      Is 

blio  nàdnr  fein  a  tha  am  Bard  a  tarr- 

ua  samlilaidhean  leis  am  blieil  a 

daclid  CO  oomharrak'hto.     Ged  tha 

itar  ioBann  anns  am  bhcil  am  bard 

,an  àirde  a  smnaintcan  a'  triall,  tha  e 

,    uair  a'  nochdadh  caochladh  cruth 

.  >òidhchead  ann  an  grian,  an  gealach, 

■  eult,  an  aonach,  's  an  srntban  thart- 
.  h.  Tha  e  fior  gum  bheil  tannais  a 
i  isearan  guminica'toirtcòmhnadh'us 
,  each  do  sharghaisgeach  Sheallama, 

;  gur  ann  am  feadh  tha  anam  air  a 
^  idh  le  cliù  'ns  cuimhue  nan   sonn 

Q  bu  nos  sealltuinn  a  nuas  o  'n  tall- 
.  fein,  an  com  's  an  oir  nan  niall,  is 

iche  sgiamh   a'   bhàird,    agus    a 's 

, )  'n  gniorah  tha  inntinn  aoibhneach, 

\ibhach  a  deanamh.    Ann  an  "  Cath 

tha    Oisein  a'   Idbhairt   mar   so: 

•  luit  an  oidhchc  neulach, 

torrai^  spcur  air  chuanlaibh, 
^  s  gu  duaidini  an  doalan, 
na  taihhbc  san  adhar  ri  nuallan, 

■  cirbibh  an  tnisgain  dàtlita, 

!a  iad  a*  leum  ghios  na  doimhne, 

ica  mara  ri  sgreadaii, 

tonna  g'am  freagairt  o'n  ailbhcinn, 
..ual'  a'  ghealacb  'na  teacli  neulach 

.ch  bene  oillteil  thug  an  cuan  as, 
:  i'  f  hill  i  'ceann  an  (•co  na  Lanna, 
;  na  rcultan  am  falacli  mu'n  cuairt  di, 
_  r  cbritb  ri  bhrislo  nan  neul, 
'  .ithear  an  eudaun  air  uairibb." 

;.ha  anam  a'  bliàird  ancs  na  rannan 
./   taomadh   a  raaoh   sjunhlaidhean 

j^h  air  toirni  'us  stri  nan  dùilean. 

'n  sealladh  uaui!!asach,agu9Ìs  e  fair- 

duian  oillteil  a  tha  na  niUiean  a  tha 
.  1  leantuiiin  a  cheilo    ann    an    cais- 

!hd   Oi^oiii  a'   fadndh   suas.     Tha 

;,aclias  'us  imcheist   auns  an  oidh- 

an  cuan  Citidh  air  a  luaegadh  le 


tartar  àrd-fhuaimneaeh  an  toi'rninn;  tha 
ciar  thalla  nan  taibhse  air  a  charuchadh; 
a'  ghealacb,  a'clninntinn  fuaim  'lis  farnm 
'us  bene  an  lear,  a'  folach  a  gnnis  ann 
an  cct)  na  Lanna ;  agus  na  reultan  ag 
iarruidh  fasgaidh  bho  sgiathaibh  loch- 
rain  na  h  oidhcbe.  Is  uamhasach,  is 
foghainteach,  is  treuufhoelacli  an  samh- 
ladli  so. 

A  rithist  ann  an  Sgeulachd  air  Tratli- 
nil  nam  buadh  's  air  Colgnil  nan  tual 
bheart,  tha  Oisein  ag  ràdh : 

Cbaidb  Tratbuil  a  sios  na  cide'. 

Mar  sgarnaicb  o  mbullach  slcibbc, 

Mar  bhuinne  sbrutb  fuaimneacb,  oillteil, 

No  mar  tbeinc  'ni  fait  nan  coilltcan, 

Blia  Colguil  'se  fcin  mar  dba  sbrutb  aonaicb, 

Cbluiiinte  air  gacb  taoba  am  beuc:iicb: 

B'  iiirde  fuaim  am  faobhar  geala 

Na  toirm  mbic-tballa  's  croinn  gan  gearradb, 

Bba  Tratbuil  mar  ncart  na  gaoitbe, 

Leaffas  "iutbas  mborbheinn  aobbacli, 

'S  bba  Colguil  mar  luas  nan  stcud-sbruth, 

Bbios  le  cuuann  sbliabb  a  leumnaicb," 

Cha  Colguil  le  'fheachd  tbar  stuadhan 
a'  chuain  a  chum  's  gum  faigheadh  e  le 
foill  dioghaltas  air  Tratbuil.  Chuir 
Colguil  fealltach  aon  de  dliaoine  le 
naigheachd  ,mealltach  a  dh'  ionnsuidh 
Righ  nanLanii ;  ag  ràdh  ris  "  Tiubhraich 
dhomh  aon  do 'd  dba  shleagh, 's  thoir 
fein  ma  seadb  dhomh  do  chorahnadh.'* 
Dh'  imich  Tratbuil  caoin  nan  iomadh 
bens  maille  ris  an  teachdaire  gus  an 
traigh,  agus  tha  e  air  a  chuartachadh 
Ic  lainn  'us  sleaghan  Cholguil  'us  a 
thrcun  fhir.  Tha  righ  na  Feinno  leis 
fein;  ach  cha 'n 'oil  e  meatachadh.  Tha 
'neart  a'  fas  mar  uisge  an  inbhir,  mar 
chuantan  a  ta  air  steideadb.  Tha  anam 
ag  eiridh  na  aonar.  Tha  sliMas  mar 
thannais  na  h-oidhche  dearg  bholtrach 
air  neul  nan  aonach.  Tha  uamhunn 
paisgte  anns  na  briathraibh  fein  leis  am 
bhcil  Oisein  ag  innseadh  cia  mar  'chaidh 
Tratbuil  mor  'us  Colguil  fealltach  an 
coinnearah  a  cheile.  Bu  nco-ghealtach, 
treun,  beartach  anam  a'  bhììird  a  labh- 
radh  m:ir  so. 

Bumhòrmeamnadh'us  cruadal  Chleas- 
amgir   an   uair,  aun  an    talla  Bhaile- 


JìafSk  HìùB  an  FhogharaiJh,  187 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


chluthai,  a  tlia  e  leis  feiii,  agus  eascaird- 
ean  lionmhor  ag  iadhadh  run  thimchioll, 
's  iad  uile  an  toir  air  Maona,  nighean 
Rurmar,  oigli  uam  buadh,   a  broilleach 


A  clilaidlieamh  glan  gorm  na  laimh,  <i 
Mac  an  Luinn,  bu  cliiar-dliubh  gruaiih,  jj 
Ghluais  solus  na  cruaidhe  ro  'n  talbhs',  >1 
Fuathas  dona  bhais  fo  ghruaira. 


o  >  ;i   ^„„1  !  'J-'l^uit  esiin  gun  chruth  's  e  thall 
buu  rem  !  a-    „„^;ti,  ,,„„  ,i„i.i.  „^ „,„_ 


mar  chobhar   nan   stuadh,  a  ^un  icm.-         -n  i  n    i  ■ -j 

,,.  -i-T  -11111  ,  Air  gaoith  nan  dubh  charn;  mar  smiud 

Sholuis  an  t-sloigh,  a  ciabh   dua^li    mar   Bhrise.s  òg,  's  bioran  na  laimh, 
am  fitheacb;  b'  kdlidb  i  'na  'ciabh  's  na :  Mu  theallach  na  spairn  's  na  muig. 
guè.       Tha    naimhdean    na    Feinne   a '  Scread  fuathas  Chruth  Loduinn  '   t  a' 


faoighneachd  gu  sgeigeil: 

"C'ait  am  bheil  àrd  Chumhal  nan  lann, 
Fear-astair  nan  glcann  gun  raon? 
Bheil  Cumhal  'us  gaisgich  's  an  àai ; 
Thusa  ladorna,  dan  'us  faoin?" 

So  freagradh  Chleasamoir; 

"Tha  m'anani,  thuirt  mise,  a  thriath, 

A'  lasadh  gu  thrian  leis  fein ; 

Gun  eagal  tha  Clcasamor  fo  'sgiath, 

Measg  mhiltean,  ge  ciar  na  trein, 

'S  mòr  t-f  hocal,  mhic  coigrich  nan  lann, 

Agus  mise  's  an  am  am  aonar, 

Tha  mo  chlaidheamh  crith-nihosgladh  gu 

'cheann ; 
Grad  a  b'  àiU  leis  mo  làmh  ag  aomadh 
Gun  fhocal  eile  air  Cumlial  nan  ceud, 
Mhic  Chlutha  o  na  threijj  an  sruth." 

Nacb  dileas  a  tha  Oiseiii  a  nochdadh 
cia  mar  ghluais  an  gaisgeach  sgairteil 
mor,  e  fein  's  e  na  aonar, 


G  a  thional  anu  fein  's  a'  ghaoith, 
Chual'  lapis  nan  tore  an  fhuaim, 
Ghaisg  astar  nan  stuadh  le  fiamh; 
Dh'  eirich  gaisgich  mhic  Chumhail  nam 

buadh ; 
Blia  sleagh  's  gach  laimh  shuas  's&n  t-slis 
"  C'  àite  bheil  e?"  's  am  fearg  fo  ghruain 
Gach  maile  ri  fuaim  m'  a  thriath. 

Cha  'u  'eil  na  dealbhaidhean  aon  ch 
faun  no  tearc  a  tha  Oiseiu  a  toirt  &each 
air  cia  co  cumhachdach  's  a  tha  bbria 
ran  am  feadh  a  tha  e  ag  aithris  cath 
spairn  'us  còmhrag  nan  laocb,  ach 
e  ag  eiridb  gu  fada  eadbon  os  a  chi 
fein,  ann  am  mòralacbd,  ann  an  dana 
agus  ann  an  snasraborachd,  an  uai 
tha  e  'seinn  ann  an  rannan  siubhk'H 
combraig  rigli  na  Feinne  agus  Cr; 
Loduinn  nan  gorm  lann,  eagal  'us  te 


Cha  robb  e  !  niunn  Lochlainueach  araon  am  blàr  'i 
comasacb    dba   eisdeaebd   ri   sgeig    no '  sitb.     Cha  do  mbeataich  cridhe  's 


tamailt  airCumhail  nan  lann;  agus  dalma 
ann  an  àrdan  uaibhreacb  aiiaim^  chuir 
e  cath  as  leth  na  Feinne. 

Ann  an  Carraig-Tbnra,  tha  Oisein  ag 
innseadb  cia  mar  "thug  Fionnghal  nam 
feart  buaidh  air  cruth  Loduinn. 

A'  ghealach  dearg  'us  mall  "s  an  car; 
Thàinig  osnadh  'nuas  o'n  charn, 
Air  a  sgiathaibh  bha  samhladh  fir, 
Cruth  Loduinn  "s  an  lear  gun  tuar, 
"  Teicli  gu  d'  tlùr,''  fhrea;^'air  an  cruth. 
"  Teich  air  a'  ghaoith  dhuibli:  bi  falbh! 
Tha  d  osag  'an  crodhan  mo  laimhe ; 
'S  leam  astar  'us  spairn  nan  stoirm; 
'S  e  righ  nan  Sorucli'  mo  mhac  Kin; 
Tha  aomadh  's  a  bheinn  dha  ra'  thucir. 
Tha  a  charraid  aig  carraig  nan  ceud, 
'Us  coisnidh  gun  bheud  a'  bhuaidh. 
Teich  gu  d'  thir  fein,  a  mhic  Chiunhail, 
No  fairich  gu  dubhach  m'  fhearg." 
Thog  e  gu  h-àrd  a  shleagh  dhorch ; 
Dh'  aom  e  gu  borb  a  cheann  àrd, 
Ghabh  Fionnghal  na  aghaidh  le  colg, 


d'  fbannaich  gaisge  Fbionnghail.     " 
e  mòrail,  mìleanta,  mar  bu  nos,  ead! 
an  agbaidb  crutb  Loduinn.     Cha  'r 
sgath    no    geilt    ag    eiridb    na    ai. 
ann  an  gleachd  ri  Taibhse  buadhm:  ■' 
nan  Locldainneach.     Tha  anam  an  i! 
mar  charraig  'sa'  cbatb.   Thug  e  bua; 
Is  dealbbach  àrd  a'  cbainnt  a  chlea: 
Oisein,  ann  an  ioraradh  a  dbeanamhi  ' 
a  chomhstri  uamhasach  so.     Is  tia;'',.' 
aidh   tairis   ceòl   na   cainnt  a    lab'i" 
Fionnghal  'us  e  ag  iarraidh  air  na, ., 


"Thiouudaidh  Fionn  ri  luchd  bu  bhinn, 
'Us  dh'  iarr  am  fonn  o  shoun  nam  bàrd' 
"A  ghutha  Chona.  a's  àirde  fuaim, 
A'  bharda,  tha  luaidh  mu  haois, 
Dha  'n  eirich  air  ar  n-anam  suas 
Feachdan  mor  nan  gorm  chruth  laoch. 
'S  taitneach  leam  aoibhneas  a'  bhròin, 
Mar  dhruchd  mothar  earraich  chaoia, 
Fo  'n  lùb  geug  dharag  nan  torn 


172 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


rhogli;.rakìh,1872. 


S  an  dTiillcacli  òg  ag  cirigh  maoth. 
Togaibbse,  mo  bhàird,  am  fonn." 

Bha  anam  Oisein  a'  lasadh  le  caoiv- 
theas  's  le  dian-bblathas  a'  chombraig, 
an  uair  a  tba  e  tarruing  bho  gacli  scall- 
adh  neartmhor,  bagrach,  fuaimneach  a 
tba  nàduir  feiii  a  taisbeaiiadh,  smuaint- 
ean  'us  iiitbe.in  a  tba  ag  àrdachadb  'us 
a'  meudacliadb  oillt,  'us  gaisge  nan 
treun  laocli  a  lean  Cucbullin  mùr  mac 
Sheuma,  agns  Suaran  rigb  nan  long,  'us 
nan.  donn  sgiatb,  gu  garbb  spairn  a' 
cbombraig.  Anns  a'  cbeud  Duan  de 
L^hionnglial  tba  e  ag  radb : 

"Mar  sbruth  a'  taomadb  o  gbarbh  glileann 
Db'  aom  na  suinu  o  cbmaich  nam  beanu, 
Gacb  triatb  an  airm  atbar  nam  buadb ; 
A  ghaisgicli  dbubb-ghruamacb  na  dhiigb, 
Mar  chombthional  uisgc  nan  stuadb 
M'  an  cnairt  do  dbealaiu  nan  speur, 
Chkiinnto  fuaira  nan  arm  's  gacb  ceiim 
Meagbal  mbiolcbon'  cleasadb  àrd, 
Duain  g  am  miicbadlvanus  gacb  beul, 
Gacb  curaidb  treun  ag  iarraidb  bL'dr. 
Mar  tbaomis  srutb  cobbaracb  liatb, 
O  chru  licb  iarnaidb  Chrombiicb  àird, 
An  torrnnn  a'  siubbal  's  an  t-sliabh, 
'S  a  cbiar-oidbcbe  air  letb  nan  earn, 
Is  tanas  fbnar  nan  snu;idb  glas 
'A'  coimbead  o  iomall  nam  fras; 
Cbo  garg,  cbo  mùr,  cbo  borb,  cbo  luatb, 
Db'  imicb  ciuadal  siol  na  b-Eb'inn, 
An  ceannard  mar  mbòr  tborc  a'  chuain 
A'  tarruing  nam  fuar  tbonn  'u  a  dlieigb, 
A  taomadb  a  tbreunais  mar  stuadb; 
'   Fo  sbiubbal  cbritheadb  an  triiigb, 

Mar  tboirm  fbogbair  o  dba  bbeinn, 
,    Gu  cliuile  tbarruing  na  suiun ; 
,   Mar  sbrutb  Kddir  o  dba  cbrcig 
I   'G  aomadb,  taomadb,  air  an  r^  idb, 
I   Fuaimear  dorcba,  garbli  's  a  bbUir 
i    Tbacbair  Innisfiul  'us  Locblainn, 
(    Ceannard  a  'spcalt  cblcas  ri  ceannard, 
j   Is  diiine  an  agbaidb  gacb  duinc; 

Bba  ciuaidb  a'  screaclan  air  cruaidb, 
',    Bbii  clogaidean  sbuas  'g  an  sgoltadb, 
■    Full  a'  (lortadb  dliitli  mu'n  cuairt, 
'    Tuifeid  a'  fuaim  air  min  iutbar, 
I    Galban  a'  siubbal  ro  'n  speur, 
'    Sleagba  'bualadb  's  a'  tuiteam  thall, 
j    Mar  dbcalain  oidbcbe  's  a'  bbeinn, 

Mar  onflia  bcucacb  a'  cbuain, 
•    'jSTuair  gbluaiscas  an  tonn  gu  li-àrd. 
Mar  tborruinn  air  cul  nan  cruacb, 


Bba  gruaim  'us  farum  a'  bblàir, 
MiXT  db'  aomas  mile  tonn  gu  trAigh, 
A  glduais  fo  Sbuaran  na  dàimb. 
Mar  thacliras  tràigli  ri  mile  tonn, 
Tbacbair  Eirinn  ri  Suaran  nan  long, 
Sin  far  an.  robb  gutban  a'  bbàis, 
Toirra  gàirccatb  'us  cruaidb, 
Sgiatban  's  rnàile  brist  air  làr, 
Lann  's  gacb  laimh  'n  a  dbealan  sbuas. 
Fuaim  a'  bhlnir  o  tbaobb  gu  taobb, 
Còmlirag  beucacb,  creucbdacb,  teth. 
Mar  cbeud  ùrd  a'  bualadb  baotli  ^ 

Caoir  o'u  tcallacb  dearg  ma  seacb." 

Tha  na  samhlaidhean  agus  na  cos- 
arablacbdan  a  tba  Oisein  a'  ciirnadh  suas 
a  chnra  's  gun  dean  e  comlirag  nan 
laocli  CO  dian  's  co  oillteill  's  as  urrainn 
e,  a'  seasamh  leo  fein  air  son  maise  'us 
àirde  'us  eireacbdas.  Is  leòir  iad  so 
fcin  air  sou  tuaim  a'  bbàird  a  chrùnadh 
's  a'  sgeadachadh  le  coran  buaidh,  agus 
a  chuimhue  òradh  le  sobbraicliean  mol- 
aidh. 

Mu  'n  troig  sinn  deanadas  nan  siir- 
cliuraidli  aun  an  teas  na  strl,  ni  mi 
luaidh  air  coimeas  eile  a  tba  Oisein  a' 
deauamh  mu  bbrathair  fein  Fillean,  anns 
a'  cbnigeamli  duan  de  Tiiigiijioua: 

"Tba  Fillean  mar  tbanas  nan  speur, 
A  tbe-'rnas  treun  o  cbirb  nan  sian, 
Tba  'n  f  bairge  'am  bruaillean  fo  cbeum, 
'Us  c  'leum  o  tbuinn  gu  tuinn; 
Tba  astar  a'  lasadb  na  dbeigh; 
Cratbaidb  innsean  an  ceud  cbeann 
Air  cuan  ng  cirigb  gun  blieus  thall." 

(Ri  leanntuinn.)  CONA. 


EACIIDRAIDH  NA  SMUID- 
SHOITHEACH. 

(.1/)'  leantainn,) 
Anns  a'  bbliadhna  1801  no  1802,  an 
uair  a  cbaidb  guth  thairis  air  Mr.  Tay- 
lor agus  a  bbàta,  tbòisicli  Mr.  Syming- 
ton, cbeana  ainniichte,  (le  cuideacliadh 
LordDnndm)  air  smuid-bbata  a  dhean- 
arali  a  chum  soitliichean  eile  a  sblaod- 
adh  tvoimh  'n  clianal.  An  uair  a  bha 
i  deas  cbaidh  a  feucbainn  'sbha  a'  chol- 
tas  oirre  freagairt  do  'n  aobbar,  ach 
chuir  luchd  riaghlaidh  a'  chanail  'n  a 


Dara  MiosanFhogharaiJh,  187 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


173 


stad  i  fo  eagal  gu'n  lionaclh  i  e  leis  mar 
a  shruladb.  uisge  a  cuibblean  a  sios  a 
bhf  uachan.  Cbaidh  a  cur  a  leth  taobh 
ami  an  liiib  uaigneach  d'an  ciianal 
goirid  o'a  Eaglais  Chric. 

Mu  'n  cheart   am  so  blia  fear   Mr.  \ 
Fulton  0  America  maille  ri  Henry  Bell' 
a   Glaschu    a'    faicimi    fuirneis   mbòir 
Charroin.     Chuala  iad  mu  'n  bhata  ùr  { 
agus  chaidh  Mr.  Fulton  a  tliaghal  air 
Mr.    Si/mington    a    chum    a    faicinn.  ] 
Sheall   iad   gu    raion    air    a  feadh,    a'  • 
beach(:achadh  airgach  ni  sonruichte  m'al 
timckioll,  as  iad  le  clieile  a'  cur  rouipa ' 
aig  au  ceud   chothrom   an  ùr-iunleachd 
cliomliarraiclite  so  a  chur  gn  biril  dhoibli  | 
fein — ni  a  rinu  iad — Mr.  Fulton  anu 
an  America  aims  a'  bliliadhna  1807,  air 
an  abhuinn  Hudson,  agus  Henry  Bell, 
'n  uair   a    rinn    e   an    Comet   anns   a' 
bhliadlma   1812.     Uaith  sin  tha  elan' 
shoilleir  nach  mor  coir  America  air  lir- 
iniileachd  na  smuid-shoitheacli.    Chuun- 
aic  Mr.  Fulton  te  dhiubh  aig  Carron 
— mhiuich  Mr.  Symington  dha  gacli  ni 
m'a  timchioll  —  cha 'n   e  sin   a  mhàin, 
aoh   cbuir   e   gu  falbh  i    'cbura   gu'm 
faiceadb   e   mar   a   db'  oibricbeadh   an 
t-iom!an,  agus  e  's  a'  cheart  am  ag  inn- 
seadb  an  fheum  a  dheanadh  e  d'  an  colas 
a  bba  e  au  sin   a'   faotaiiin,   an   uair   a 
racbadh  e  dhaAaidk  do   America.     A 
tbuilleadb  air  gnr  ann  Ti  Sasunn  o  Watt 
<t  Bolton  a  fhuair  e  an  smuid-inneal  air 
sou  na  ceud  sbaoithicb    a   chur   e   an 
òrdugh.     Tha  e  coltaeh  gu  'n  robh  e 
toileacb  gu  'm  biodb  so  an   an-fhios   oir 
cha  b'e  ainra  fein  a  thug  e  suas  do  Watt 
cC'  Bolton  an  am  dha  'bhi  'toirt  ordugh 
dboibb  au  smuid  inneal  a  dbeanamh. 

Thug  Mr.  Symington  e  fein  oidhirp 
neo-fbiacbail  anns  a  bhliadhna  1802  no 
1803  air  coir  fhaotuinn  dha  fein  air  an 
ur-iunleacbd,  le  Litir  PJgli  fbaigbinn 
gun  fhios  do  Mhr.  Taylor,  acb  cba  do 
dhuraichd  e  riamb  a  tbagar  gus  a' 
bhliadhna  1815,  an  uair  a  dh'  f beach  e 
rl  toirt  air  sealbhadairean  smuid-sboith- 
ichean  Chluaidb  suim  rabor  a  phàigh- 
eadb  air  sou  na  saorsa  a  gbabb  iad  ann 


a  bbi  'togail  agus  a'  seòladb  nan  soith- 
icbean  gun  a  chead-san,  Chnir  iad  gu 
Ii-ealamb  'n  a  tbamb  e  le  innseadh  agus 
a  sboilleireachadh  nach  b'e  idir  a  b'  iigb- 
dar  do'n  smuid-shoitbeach.  Cba  chuala 
Mr.  Taylor  gutb  dhetb  so  gus  a' 
bhliadhna  1821,  's  an  uair  a  sgriobh  e 
g'aionnsaidh  db'fheuch.3//'.  Symington  . 
ri  'bhreugadh  le  tairgse  a  thoirt  dha  de 
leth  's  a  gheibbeadh  e.  Tha  e  coltaeh 
gu'n  do  dhi-chuimbnich  c  gu'n  robb  a 
litir  aig  BJr.  Taylor  cho  trathail  ri 
20mb,  August,  1787,  a'  guidhe  soirbli- 
eachaidh  dha  'na  oidhirpean  air  a  smuid- 
sboitheacb  fhaotainn  an  ordugh. 

O'n  am  a  sgriobh  Mr.  Taylor,  1821, 
cha  chluinn  sinn  a  bheag  m'a  thimchioll    ' 
gu  1824,  an  uair  a  bba  aois  agus  bocbd- 
aiun  a'  teannadh  air.     Cbuir  a  chairdeau 
iompaidh  ah'  a  chids  a  tboirt  fa  chomli- 
air     TJachdaranachd     na     Rioghacbd. 
Rinn  e  so  ag  earbsa  a'  ghnothaich  ri 
Sir  Henry  Parnell.     Cha  'n  'eil  e  colt- 
aeh gu  'n  d'  fhuair  e  mor  cisdeachd,  a 
chionn,  cbi  sinn  e  's  an  ath  bhliadhna  a'    ' 
deanamh   a  ghearain   ri   Sir  William   \ 
Hus/cison  's  a'  faotainn  mar  fbreagairt, 
nach  robh  mor  dbòcbas  gu  'm  measadh' 
iad  an  innleacbd  airidh    air  a  bheag   de 
dhuais!     Anns  a'  bhliadhna  1826,  a's  e 
air  leabaidh  a  bhàis  sgriobh  e  cunntas 
mion-riochdail  mu  gach  ceum  a  ghabh 
e  ann  an  toirt  air  aghaidh  na  h-inn- 
leacbd  o  tboiseacb  gu  deireadh,  gun  fhios 
nach  robb  an  Uacbdaranacbd  an  teag-   i 
amli  am  b'e  gu  cinnteach  a  b'  ùgbdar 
dbi.     Mu  'n  am  so  cbaocbail  e— meadh-  , 
on  au  fbogharaidh  1826 — aig  ocbd  a's 
tri  ficbead  bliadhna  db'  aois.     Is  cianail  ' 
r'a    smuaineachadb     cho    beag     gnùis, 
cothroim  no  ceartais  's  a  fhuair  an  duine 
so  a  cbuir  an  saoghal  gu  h-iomlan  fo 
'leithid  de  cbomain.  ^ 

Beagan  an  deigb  a  bbàis  thug  fear  d'a 
chàirdean  a  cbùis  air  beulaobh  Ard- 
cbombairle  na  Rioghacbd  as  leth  na 
bautraich  's  nan  dilleachdan,  a'  deanamh 
na  cuise  cho  soilleir,  dearbhta,  's  gu  'n 
do  dheònaich  iad  leth  cheud  punnd  • 
Sasuunach  's  a'  bhliadhna  orra  ri  'm  beo.   , 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


Hani  Mioian  FhogharalJh,  1872. 


aochail   a  bhean   so   ann   am   baile 
inneideanii  aims  a  bhliadhna  1859. 
Faodar  a  ràdh  gu'n  robh  ùr-innleachd 

smuid-slioitheach  'n  a  cadal  o  'n  a 
lidh  a'  bbirlinn  a  chur  gu  siubhal  air 
ban  Dhalsu-inton  anns  a  l)hliadUna 
38,  gus  an  do  cbuir  Fulton  an 
;ierica  's  a'  bhliadbna  1807,  agus 
nry  Bell  mt  CInaidb  ann  an  1812  a 
gu  saod  i.  Thoisicb  an  Comet  ri 
tb  gu  riagbailteacb  eadar  Glascbu 
IS  Grianaig  toiseacb  na  bliadbna 
12,  's  cba  bu  chadal  a  rinn  iad  an 
gh  sin.  Anns  a'  bbliadbna  1815 
ddb  coig  dbiubb  a  tbogail  an  Albainn. 
'^un"  gbin  an  Sasunn,  agus  anns  a 
iadbna  1S18,  cba  bu  kigba  na  ocbd 
T  fbicbead  dbiubh  a  bba  a  'ruitb  gu 
bblacb  an  Albainn. 
[s  ann  air  a'  Ijbliadbna  so  a  thoisicb 
)ine  air  del  tbar  cbuantan  leo.  Is 
'i  eadar  Cluaidh  agus  E'trinn  a  cbuir 

a'  cbius  gu  dencbainn  as  air  dboibli 
hi  air  am  faotainn  ro  fhreagaracb,  air 
atb  bbliadlina  (1819)  cbaidb  an  cur 
ilar  Cluaidh  agus  Lherpool.  B'  ì  an 
.  hert  Bruce  a'  choud  aon  a  ^\^o\  an 
ligbe  so.  Bha  i  gun  dàil  air  a  lean- 
in  leis  an  f^uperh  agus  am  Majestic 
le  iomadh  te  ainmeil  eile,  air  sail  a 
lie — gach  aon  a'  toirt  bàrr  air  na  bba 

thoiscach  oirre. 

Anns  a'  bbliadbna  1823  cbaidb  an 
mes  Watt  a  chur  air  an  t-sligbe  eadar 
;e  agus  Lunnaiun,  ann  an  1826  cbaidb 

United  Kingdom  a  chur  air  an 
ligbe  cbcudna.  B'i  so  soitheach  a  bu 
Magba  's  an  Rioghachd  'na  latha  fein. 
•  'A-ir  a'  bbliadbno  1838  thug  iad  ionn- 
dh  air  Cuan  Mor  na  h-àirde  'n  lar 
Uir  a  sbeòl  an  Sirius  agns  an  Great 
astern  gu  America.     O'n  am  sin  tlia 

a'  seòladb  gu  riagbailteacb  a  null 's  a 
1,  a  shambradh  's  a  gbeamhradb. 
a  'n  'eil  cuan  air  nach  faigbear  iad  a 
,  cba'n  c  mbàin  a'  giulan  lucbdturais, 
[  cuid  mhor  de   bbatbar-malairt  an 

logbail.     Is   iad   a  tba  freagarrach 

a  shou,  ann  an  biatbas,  an  tèaruin- 

chd,  airus  am  nieudachd:  oir  bha  iad 


a'  fas  am  meud  mar  a  bba  iad  a'  dol  an 
lionmhoracbd.  B'e  fad  na  Great  West- 
ern, 240  troidh;  am  British  Qiie^n, 
275  troidh;  an  Great  Britain,  322 
troidh;  am  Persia,  390  troidh;  agns 
mu  dheireadh,  a'  toirt  barr  orra  uile, 
tba  an  Great  Eastern  690  troidh  air 
fad,  no  sè  fad  deug  na  Comet  aig  Henry 
Bell!  Bha  comas  giulan  na  Comet  air 
a  mheas  aig  coig  tunna  Gchead — an 
Great  Eastern  coig  mile  fichead  tunna; 
agus  tba  da  fhad  na  Cornet  de  lend  'na 
clàr  uacbdarach.  Bha  cunibachd 
smuid-inneal  na  Comet  air  a  mheas  aig 
tri  eich — tba  cumhachd  inneal  na  Great 
Eastern  air  a  mheas  aig  deich  mile 
each ! 

Cba  'n  'eil  e  coltach  gu'n  d'tbeid  ri  'r 
linn-ne  soitheach  a's  mo  na  'n  Great 
Eastern  a  tbogail.  Is  ann  a  tha  an  stri 
a  nis  cia  cho  liiidir,  dhiongalta  's  a 
ghabhas  iad  deanamh.  Cha  'n  e  'mbain 
gu'm  bbeil  am  fiodh  na 's  truime  ach  i& 
ann  a  tha  na  luingis-chogaidb  air  an 
suaineadh  agus  air  an  strucbdadh  thairis 
le  iarrnun,  cuid  diubh  cùrr  a's  troidh  air 
tiugbad,  agus  a'  cosd  letb  muillein  piinud 
Sasunnach,  no  os  cionn  tri  tunna  oir! 

Lùidir  agus  do-leonta  a  reir  coltais 
mar  a  tha  iad  air  an  togail  nco-ar-thaiug 
mar  'eil  airra-chogaidh  sgriosail  a'  lean- 
taiiin  air  an  s;ul.  Ann  an  coimeas  do  na 
h-iniileachdan  millidh  cba'n 'eil  iad  idir 
cho  math  ris  an  luireach-mhaileacb  ri^ 
linn  a'  cblaidhimh  's  na  biodaig  's  an  am 
's  an  do  fbairtlich  air  a'  Ghàidheai  a 
bbiodag  a  shathadh  troimb 'n  t-Sasunn- 
acb  's  a  tbuirt  e,  "Mairbh-phaisg  ort,  a 
fhleasgaicli,  cba'n  i  do  mluithair  a  rinn 
do  leine!" 


CAB  AE-FEIDU. 

Doocb-slainte  cliabair  fiidh  so 

Gur  h-c'ibhinn  's  gur  b  aighearach; 
Ge  fada  bho  thir  fein  c, 

Mhic  Dh'  grcas  g'a  fhoarann  e; 
Mo  chrocbadh  a's  mo  chcusadh, 

A's  m'  òideadh  mnv  mlicala  mi, 
Mur  ait  leam  thu  bin  'g  eiridh 

Le  tremi  neart  gach  caraide! 


Dara  Miosan  Fhogharaidh,  1S72, 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


Gur  mise  chiinna'  sibli  gu  gunnacli, 

Ealamh,  ullamli,  àcuinneach; 
Euith  nan  Rothach  's  math  'ur  gnolliach, 

Thng  sibh  sothadh  maidne  dhoibhj 
Cha  deach'  Cataicli  air  an  tapadh, 

Dh'fhag  an  neart  le  eagal  iad, 
Ei  faicinn  ceaun  an  fheidh  ort 

'Nuair  'dh' L-irich  do  cliabar  ort! 

Be'n  t-amadan  fear  Fòluis, 

'Nuair  tliòisicli  e  cogadh  riut; 
Eothaich  agns  Eòsaich — 

Bu  gliùrach  na  bodaicli  iad  ; 
Frisealaich  a"s  Granndaich, 

An  càmpa  cha  stadadli  iad; 
'S  thug  Forbeisich  na'n  teann-ruith, 

Gu  seann  taigh  Chuil-fhodair  orr'. 
Theich  iad  uile  is  cha  d-fhuirich 

An  treas  duine  'bh'aca  san; 
An  t-Iarla  Catadi  ruith  e  dhachaigh — 

Cha  do  his  a  dhagachan; 
Mac-Aoidh  nan  creach  gun  thar  e  as, 

'S  ann  dh'eigh  e*n  t  each  a  b'  àigeannaich, 
Ri  gabhal  an  ra-treuta, 

'Nuair  dh-eirich  do  chabar  ort  I 

'S  ann  an  sin  blia  'm  fuathas 

Ga'n  ruagadh  thar  bheahiichean, 
An  deas  dhuinn  a's  an  tuath-dhuinn, 

Gu  luath  ruith  roi  d'  cheann-eideadh; 
Mar  sgaoth  a  dheoin  nam  fuar-bhoann, 

A's  gruaim  air  a  h-uile  fear, 
A'  tekrnadli  bho  na  sleibhtean 

Gu  rCidhleiu  's  gu  cladaichean. 
Dh  'eigli  iad  port  's  gu'n  d'f huair  iad  coit, 

'S  bu  bhcag  an  toirt  mar  thachair  dhoibh; 
Ciod  e'n  droch  rad  rinn  am  brosnach', 

Le'n  cuid  mhosg  nacH  freagi'adh  srad' 
'S  a  huthad  toirtear  dlietli  na  Eothaich, 

'Dol  air  flod  thar  chlaigeannan? — 
'S  ann  ghabh  iad  an  ratreata, 

'iNuair  'dh'eirich  do  chabar  ort! 

Gu'm  faigh  mi  fein  mo  dhiirachd — 

('Se  dhùisg  lis  mo  chadal  mi) 
An  TÌ  do'n  geill  na  dùilean, 

'S  da  'n  iimhlaicli  na  h-uile  ni, 
Gun  greas  e  thu  gu  d'  dhùthaich, 

Gu  h-ùiseil  's  gu  h  urramaciil 
Gur  tu  nach  leigeadh  ciiis, 

Leis  na  dii-Ghaill  nach  buineadh   'iioibh: 
'S  tu  bheireadh  clotha  do"  luchd  gnothaich. 

Gun  fhios  CO  a  throdadh  riut; 
An  fhine  Eothach  chuir  thu  fotha 

Ge  mor  leotha  'n  ladornas, 
Ga'n  cuir  romhad  VSn  ruith-choimhich, 

'S  am  baile-nodha  na  sbradagan 


S  na  lasair  anns  na  speuran, 
'Xuair  dh'eirich  do  chabar  ort! 

Chunna  mi  m"a  thuath  thu 

'S  gar'm  b'uachdaran  allail  thu; 
Bha  Cataich  fo  do  churam, 

A's  dh'  umhlaich  na  Gallaich  dhut ; 
S  gach  ti  bha  riut  an  diiunba, 

'S  nach  diiirigeadh  sealhidh  ort, 
A'  faicinn  bhi  ga'n  sgiùrsadh, 

Gu  diithaich  nach  buineadh  dhoibh. 
Le  gasraidh  fhinealt  dheth  do  chinnead 

Nach  gabh  giorag  eagalach  ; 
Luchd  chlogaid  's  bhiodag's  chorcan  bin 

Cha  philleadh  luchd-bagairt  iad; 
Thig  feachd  Mhic-Shimi  gu  do  mhilleac 

'S  ruithidh  iad  gu  saidealta; 
'S  gun  teich  iad  o  chlir  t  eudainn, 

'Nuair  dh'eireas  do  chabar  ort!  ■ 

Th'am  brochan  a'  toirt  sàr  dhuibh, 

'S  tha'n  càl  a'  toirt  at  oirbh; 
Ach  "s  beag  is  misde  'n  t-àrmunn, 

'Ur  sàth  thoirt  an  nasgaidh  dhuibh: 
Ge  mor  a  thug  sibli  'chaise, 

Thar  ;\iridhean  Asaiune, 
Clia'n  fhacas  cuirm  a'ln  Fòlais, 

Ge  raòr  bha  do  chcarcan  ann ; 
Caisteal  biorach,  nead  na  h-iolair',  ; 

Coin  a's  gilleaa  gortach  ann; 
Cha'n  fhaicear  bioran  ann  ri  teine, 

Mur  'bidh  dileag  bhrochain  ann  ; 
Cha'n  fhaicear  mairt-fheoil  ann  am  poi 

Mur  'bi  cearc  'g  a  plotaigeadh; 
'S  ga'n  tional  air  an  deirce, 

'Nuair  threigeas  gach  cosgais  iad.' 

Cha'n  eil  eun  's  na  speuran, 

Is  breine  n'an  iolaire, 
Cha  'n  ionan  idir  beus  d'i, 

'S  do  dh -fheidh  anns  na  firichean;— 
Bi'dh  iadsa  moch  ag  eiridh, 
A'  feuchainn  a'  bhiolaire ; 
'S  bi'dh  is'  air  sean  each  caoile, 
Ei  slaodadh  a  mhionaich  as ; 
Chiiir  i  spuir  a  staigh  na  chxinv.h, 

'S  thug  i  fhui!  na  spadul  as, 
An  t-ian  gun  souas  'g  iarraidh  donais, 

BifDi  na  coin  a'  sabaid  rith'; 
I 'S  breun  an  t-isean  i  air  iteig, 
r     Gu'n  fhios  c'idt'  an  stadadh  i, — 
j  ilas'  olc  a  lean  i  'h-àbhaist, 
!      Cha  b'  fheàrr  far  na  chaidil  i. 

!  Cha'n  eil  eun  'san  t-saoghal 
I      E'a  fhaoiHÌnn  tha  coltach  riut^-— 
Ch:i'n  ithi-ar  do  chuid  slthne— ' 
Einn  firinn  a'  mollacbadh  : 


176 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


Piira  Jliosan  Fhosharaidh,  1S72. 


GeJ  tha  ort  itcag  dhircach, 

JIar  fhior  shaigdeacl  corrannacli, 
S  gcd'  thuirt  iad  riiit  am  fireun, 

Tlia  ionan  an  Doniiis  ort! 
S  ioma  buachaillc  'tli'  air  fuar  chnoc,   • 

Agus  ciiaille  but'  aige'; 
Ni  guidhe  bbuan  do  bhuntainbbuatb, 

'S  a  bbnaileas  blio  do  tbapadb  thii ; 
'Nuair  bbcir  thu  ruaig  air  fcadli  nan  uan, 

'S  a  bbios  buaireas  acrais  ort, 
'N  tiair  tbachras  cabar  feidh  ort, 

Gu'in  fcum  thu  bhi  snasadb  dha! 

Tba  cabar-fjarna  Dhòmhuill, 

Mar  spurs'  anns  an  talamhs'  ac' ; 
Nacb  innseadh  sibli  dbonihs'  e, 

'S  gum  beol  donib  a  characbadb ; 
'S  cbuirinn  fios  gu  b-eòlach, 

Gu  Seòras  an  caraidcacb, 
Gur  b-e  Fear  Dhuin-Dòinbnuill, 

Le  Ion  cbum  an  t-anam  ris; 
'Bbiasd  gun  mboas,  gun  mbiagh  gun,  gbl 

Eiamb  bu  trie  's  an  talamh-s'  thu  ;   "[c; 
Db'òl  a's  dh'itb  thu  trian  do  d'  phiseicb, 

'S  tu  an  t-iscan  aniaideach; 
Chuir  na  liothaicb  thu  air  gbnothach, 

S  tu  an  t-amhusg  aineohich, 
'S  ged'  thug  Clann-Choinnicb  miadh  ort, 
j      Oha  b'  fhiach  thu  'n  trcas  earainn  deth. 

iFaire!  faire!  sbaoghail, 
!      Gur  caochlaidhcach  carach  thu; 
Chunna  mi.s(i  Si-phort, 

'Nam  pioban  cruaidh,  sgahanta, 

■  Nach  robh  an  Alb'  a  db'aon-shluagh, 
<      Ged  shhicadh  Mac-Chailein  ris, 

i  Na  cbumadh  riuts  an  eudann, 
!     'Nuair  dhVireadh  do  chabar  ort! 
'•  Db'eireadh  Icat  an  coir  'san  ccarl, 
;      Le  trian  do  ncart  gu  bagarach, 
Na  bh'eadar  Asainn,  a's  fa  dhc  is, 
I      Gu  ruig  Sgalpa  chraganacli, 
I  Gach  fear  a  glacadh  gunna  snaip, 
i      Claidlmamh  glas,  no  daL;achan, — 
|Bu  leat  Sir  Dòmlmull  Bhk'ibhtc, 
(      'N  uair  dh'c'ireadh  do  chabar  ort ! 

JDh'eireadh  leat  fir  Mhnidcirt, 
'Nuair  'ruignfte  do  lihrataicliean, 

Le  'n  lannan  daite  du-ghorm, 
\      Gu'n  ciuirtc  na  marcaich  Ico; 
-  Mac-Alasdair  's  Mac  lonnibuinn, 
I      Le  'n  cuilbheirean  acuinncach  ; 

'Nuair  rachadh  iad  'san  iorghuill, 

■  Gu'm  b'  ioghna  inur  Irodadh  iad: — 
■'Bi'dli  tu  fhathast  gabliail  aighcar, 

Ann  am  Brathuinn  bhaidoalach, 


Bi"dh  cinne  t-athair  ort  a'  feithcamh, 

Co  'bhratbadh  bagradh  ort? 
Bi'dh  fion  ga  chnitheamh  feadh  do  thaiglic^ 

'S  uisgc-bcatha  fcadanaah; 
'S  gur  lionmhor  piub'  ga'n  glcusadh, 

'NUAIU  DH'CIUEAS  DO  CHABAR  OUT! 

[Tha  c  ri  chantuinn  gur  h-e  Torniod  ban 
Macleòid  :ui  Asaiima  rinn  "  Cabar-feidh"  air 
do  na  Rothaich  cuairt  a  tlmirt  dj  dh-Asainne 
a  dh  iarruidh  ci-fiuhe.  Thh.iiiig  iad  r6  an 
t-samhruidii,  'n  luiir  a  hha  na  boireannaicb 
leis  a"  spreidli  air  an  iiiridh,  agus,  a  r(5ir  na 
sgeuhichdan  a  tli'  airainnL-,  clia  n  c  'mhàin  gun 
d'  thug  jad  leo  inòran  cruidh  ach  mar  an  ceud- 
na,  ini  a"s  false.  Thog  an  gnionih  so  fearg 
Mhicleòid  agus  rinn  e  Cabak-feiuii,  oirsann 
Ijho  Clilann  Choinnich  a  ihaidii  a  ch:cach  a 
thuirt.] 

FAILTE  0  'N  "  SGIATHANACH." 
A'  Ghàidlieil  loninhuinn, 

Is  fhad  on  tliubliairt  an  sean-fhocal, 
"Gur  uìinicathàinigdeagh  chomhairle 
A  beul  amadain,"  agus  tha  e  ro  cheart. 
Feudar  an  sean-fhocal  eigneachadh, 
ach  cha  bhrcugaichear  e.  Ach  bith- 
eam-sa  aniaideac]]  no  glic,  bu  ro 
mhaith  learn  deagli-chomliairlc  a  thabh- 
airt  duit-se,  a  thaobh  nan  nithe  eug- 
sàmhla  a  tha  thu  a'  cur  romhad  a 
dheanamh  chum  eolas  agus  fiosrachadh 
de  gach  gnc  a  chraobh-sgaoilcadh  am 
fad  's  am  farsuing  am  measg  nan  Gaidh- 
eal.  Tha  'n  obair  a  ta  agad  os  làimli 
cliù-thoilltinneach,  agus  bu  choir  do  na 
h-uile  aig  am  bheil  spc^is  do  dhiithaich 
am  brcith,  agus  aig  am  bheil  dhrachd- 
cridhe  chum  staid  agus  cor  nan  Gàidh- 
eal  bhochda  ath-lcasachadh,  gach 
cuideachadh  nan  comas  a  dheanamh 
leat.  Bheirinn  iiithne  dhuit  os  ceann 
gach  ni,  cùram  a  bhi  ort  nach  toir  thu 
geill  do  chomhairle  nan  uile.  Ma  ni 
thu  sin,  Ic  miann  ort  gach  neach  fa  leth 
a  riarachadh,  tuitidh  tu  ann  am 
mearachd  an  t-.'i^eannduine  "sa  chosamh- 
lachd  a  bha  'n  dhil,  le  mhac  agus  le 
asail  fein,  gu'n  toilicheadh  e  iadsanuile 
a  bha  'g  a  chòmhlachadh  air  an  rathad 
mhòr.  Tha  e  ni 's  fhusado  mharaiclie 
gach  cilean  aguscrcag  'san  "  Archipel- 
ago," a  sheachnadh  o  lòng-bhriseadh 


Dara  Mlos  an  Fhogharaidh,  1872. 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


177 


air  òidhclie  dhuirch,  ghaillionnaich 
gbeamhraidh,  ua  tha  e  dbuitsa  do 
chosan  a  slieasarali  raa  dli'  èisdeas  tu 
ris  gach  comhairle  a  bbeirear  dhuit. — 
Tba  beacbdan  agus  barailean  a  cbinDe- 
daoine  co  ioma-gtiètbeacb  agns  eadar- 
dheabaicbte  'sa  ta  crutb  agus  dealbb  au 
gnùiseau  fein,  agus  ciod  a's  minsa,  tba 
gacb  neacb  fa  letb  co  fdin-bbeacbd- 
ail  's  gu  'm  bbeil  e  'sa  bbavail  gur 
esan  fdiu  a  tlia  ceart,  agus  gacb  duiue 
eile  mearacbdacbd.  Sin  agad  Fionn- 
ladb  lluadb  a  bba  'na  fboirbbeacb- 
eaglais  o  cbeann  còrr  is  ficbead 
bliadbiia,  agus  ged  tba  deagb  eòlas 
aig  air  a'  Ghailig,  cba  'n  'eil  innleacbd 
air  a  tboilleacbadb.  Tba  Fionnladb, 
m'as  fior  e  fein,  ro  tbuigseacb,  ro 
bbeacbdail,  ro  gbbc,  agus  'na  dbuine 
aig  nacb  'eil  coimeas  air  son  a  bliuaidb- 
ean  maiseacb  a'm  measg  a  lucbd-eòkis 
air  fad.  Agus  god  nacb  toir  Seònaid  a 
bhean-pbòsda  cbòir  fèin  an  cliù  sin 
air,  gidbeadb  gabbaidb  e  dba  feiu  e, 
agus  diau  Lisas  e  a'm  ièìvg  an  agb- 
aidb  an  ti  ai^^  am  bbeil  a  dhànadas 
cur  'na  agbaidb.  Rinn  Fionnbidb 
dicbioU  gu  grdim  fbaotuinn  air  gacb 
ni  a  cblodb-bbualadb  'sa  Gbaibg  'na 
la  's  na  linn  fein.  Leugb  e  au  scann 
"  Teachdaire,"  "  Cttairtear  nan 
Gleann,"  "  Fear-tathaicii  nam 
Beann,"  "An  Fiiianuis  fhior," 
"  Bratach  na  sithe,"  agus  an  leitbid- 
ibb  sin, — agus  do  gacb  aon  fa  letb  bba 
Fionnladb  a  faofcuinn  cron  air  cbor 
eigin. — Bba  Tormadog,  an  t-Eilthir- 

EACH,    AN    SgIATHANACH,    RoB    PttJADH, 

Caraid  NAN  Gaidheal,  agus  Ian  an 
letb-cbeud  eile  a'  sgriòbbadb  annta  sin 
chum  an  lucbd-ducba  fein  atb-leasacb- 
adb,  acb  cba  do  cbòrd  a  h-aon  diubb  ri 
Fionnladb ;  agus  ma  tba  e  beò  f  hatbasd 
agus  cumbacbd  nan  siil  agus  nan  cluas 
aige,  cba  cbòrd  "An  Gaidheal"  ris 
ni's  mo,  oir  is  duine  e  aig  nacb  'eil 
deagb-gbutb  do  neacb  fo'n  gbrein.  Acb 
tba  iomadb  Fionnladb  's  an  t-saogbal 
fatbasd;  agus  cba  'n  ionann  iad  is 
Cailean  Ban  j^Juileach, — duine  cial- 


lacb,  tuigseacb,  aig  an  robh  deagb-i-im 
dboibbsan  uile  a  bba  'cur  a  mach  ni 
sam  bitb  ann  an  cànain  bhinn  agns 
bblasda  nan  Gaidbeal.  Ceart  mar  a 
tbàrruingeas  an  seillean  a'  mbil  a's  gach 
luibb  agus  blàtb,  bba  Cailean  coir  a' 
tarruing  teagaisg  agus  fògbluim  o  gach 
ni  'sa'  Gbailig.  Bba  gacb  lide  'sa' 
cbainnt  sin  oirdbearc  ann  am  beachd 
Cbailein.  Bba  gacb  Gailig  co-ionnan 
da,  agus  cba  robb  Gaidbeal  o'n  àirde 
deas  no  tuatb  nacb  tuigeadb  e.  Bba 
òrain  Eob  Duinn  agus  Dbonnacbaidh 
Bbàin  maraon  so-thuigsinn  da:  agus 
cba  deanadb  e  tàir  air  ni  sam  bitb  a 
cblodb-bbualadb  ann  an  càinnt  a 
mbatbar.  Cba  robb  e  idir  frionasach, 
gearanacb,  drànndanach,  mar  a  bba 
Fionnladb  Ruadb ;  acb  bba  e  tàingeil 
air  son  gacb  dicbill  a  rinneadb  le  daoin- 
ibb  fògbluimte  chum  eòlas  a  tboirt  da 
air  sgeulaibb,  cleacbdannaibb,  agus 
eacbdraidb  a  lucbd-diicba  fein.  Tha 
mi  uime  sin,  a'n  dòcbas,  a'  Gbaidbeil 
lonmbuinn,  gu'm  buia  na  ceudan  riut- 
sa  cleas  Cbailein  Bbcàin,  agus  gu;i  cròdh 
iad  mn'n  cuairt  duit  chum  do  cbuid- 
eacbadb,  agus  do  cbumail  suas.  Tba 
feum  agad  air  do  Lamb  a  neartacbadh 
le  bbi  'gad  cbòmhnadh,  an  da  cbuid 
cbum  do  Leabhran  taitneach  a  dbean- 
amb  suas,  agus  a  cbraobb-sgaoileadba'm 
fad  's  am  farsuing.  Tba  mòran  ann, 
gu'n  teagamb,  de  dbaoinibb  trdun  agus 
cumbacbdacb  'sa  Gliailig,  a  nocbdas, 
tbami'n  dòcbas,mòr  dheagb-gbean  d'ad 
tbaobb.  Tba  aodbair  urramacb  a' 
Chill- Mbàllidb  ann,  a  dhealbb  cùimh- 
neacban  air  fein  a  bhios  co  maireann 
ri  Beinn-Neambais,  leis  an  t-seòl  air  an 
d'eadar-tlic;  ng  licbeadh  dàiu  Oisein  leis. 
Than  t  Olln-c  liiiteach  Mac  Lacblainn 
ann,  a  cbladhaicb  co  dombain  sios 
cbum  seann  sgriobbanna  'sa  cbainnt 
a  dheanamb  aitbnicbte.  Tba  Mac 
Cboinuich,  aodbair  fògbluimte  Cbill- 
Mbòraig  ann,  diàn  agus  deas  cbum 
gacb  bun  agus  bàrr  air  am  bbeil  fiamh 
na  Gcàilig  a  rannsacbadh  a  mach.  Sin 
agad,   mar  an   cèudna,   an   t-aodbair 


17S 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


DaraMlos  an  Fliogharaidh,  1875. 


Camshroiii  ajm  au  Ptenton,  agus  clia'ii 
fliurasd  fhaotuinn  a  bheir  bàrr  air  a 
thaobh  eòlais-san  air  gacli  ui  a  bhiiineas 
do'u  Ghailig.  Agus  c'àit  an  d'  fliàg 
mi  " Lochabar  lochdarach" — duine 
fiughantacli,  fialaidh,  foghluimte,  dcas 
gu  cuideacbadh,  m.àll  gu  cronachadh — 
suairce,  sèimb,  seirceil? — gu'u  teagainb 
is  tearc  a  lèitbid  r'a  fhaotuinn — Cha 
bheò  e  aig  am  bheil  barracbd  fiosrach- 
aidh  natha  aigc-san  air  cainnt,  cleaclid- 
annaibh,  cairdeas,  treubliantas,  gaisge, 
fad  f  hulangas,  agus  gacb  deagb-bbuaidh 
eile  a  bbuincas  do  na  Gàidbeil;  agus 
CO  e  a  tba  co  ullamb,  ealanta,  eallamb, 
chum  nan  nitbe  sin  a  leagadh  ris  'na 
bhriatbraibh  òirdbearc  agus  sbnasmlior 
fein?  Tba  iad  so  uile,  ma  ta,  agus  na 
ficlieadan  eile  comasacb  air  do  chuid- 
eachadb,  agus  tba  dòcbas  agam  gu'n 
dean  lad  e.  Ged  nacb  sàmlilaicbinn 
mi  fein.  acb  àmliain  ann  an  deagb- 
dliiiraclid,  riii-san  a  dli'  ainmich  mi, 
gidbeadb,  cha  di-cbuimbnicb  mi  idir 
thu.  Ged  a  bheirinn  duit  sgòd  sear- 
moiu  au  trà's  'sa  ris,  bu  cboraa  leat  e ; 
uime  sin,  gbeibb  thu  de  nitbibh  eile 
"sop  as  gacb  seid"  ceart  mar  a  chead- 
uicheas  bine  sin  a  dbeanamb.  Tba  gu 
■cinnt.eacb  deagh-rùu  aig  Comunn  Gai- 
LiG  Inbherneis  dhuit,  agus  sinidh  iad 


amach  an  lamb  gu'n  teagamb  gu  d' 
chòmbnadb,  B'e  sin  an  Comunn 
tlachdmbòr,  geanail,  dian,  deas,  deal- 
aidh,  gu'n  diòbradb,  ann  a  bhi  'lorg- 
adh  a  mach  gacb  cuspair  eugsambuil 
air  am  blieil  iad  an  tòir.  Beannacbd 
leat,  a'  Gbaidheil  lonmbuiun.  Buaidb 
agus  piseach  Ipat;  agus  gu  mo  maith  a 
tbdid  gacb  ciiis  leat. 

Is  mi  do  charaid  gu'n  teagamb, 
Sgiathanacii. 

Priori, h-Bhsi!e  na  Oaitlhcaltachd.  > 
Ceud  Mios  an  l''hogUaraidh,  187-'.  i 


MIANN  NA  BAN-EIRE  AN  NAICH. 

Bha  duine  uasal  ili'aid  lum  an  Eireann, 
agus  bha  a  bin  an  ro  dhoiia  airson  au  oil. 
C'lia  ro  fill  a  loirjo  iiacii  reiccadli  i  pu  ceann- 
ach  an  uisgebhcatlia.     Bha  an  duine  VL\r\umje-heaiha?'' 


eigneachadh  leatha,  's  cha  romh  fios  aige 
ciod  e  'dheanadh  e  gu  thoirt  oine 'n  t-òf a 
thrcigsinu.  Mu  dheireadh,  's  ann  a  chaidh 
e  gu  lighiche  -bha  'san  àito  'dh'iarraidh 
comhairle  air  son  a  (jalair. 

'^  Am  bheil  e  n'ur  comas  ni  sam  bith  a 
thoirt  doiiih  air  son  bean  a  bhios  a  gabhail 
na  daoraich?"  ars'  an  duine. 

"  'N  e  piunnsean  a  tha  uait "  ars'  an  ligh- 
idle,  "mas  e,  iarr  gu  fcarail  e,  'sna  bi  'dean- 
amh  eis?" 

"0  cha  'n  'eil  mise  'g  iarraidh  puinnsean, 
ach  rud-eigin  a  bheir  oirre  sgur  de  'n  oh" 

"Na  'm  b'  urrainn  mise  leigheas  a  thoirt 
air  a  ghalair  sin"  ars'  an  hghiche,  "bha 
m'  fhortau  deaimta.  Ach  coma  co-dhiù, 
dian  mar  so  a'  nochd.  Thoir  leat  galaa 
uisge-bheatha  ;igus  leig  leatha  òl  gus  gu  to 
miannach  leatha  fht-iu  sgm-;  agus  theid 
mise  'n  rathad  's  a'  mheadhon  oidhche." 

Mar  so  bha.  Thug  an  duine  leis  an 
t-uisge-beatha.  Dh'òl  a  bhean  e;  agus  anns 
a'  nihoadhon  oidhche,  thàiiiig  an  lighiche. 
Dh'  f  halbh  an  dithis  leis  a  bhean,  agus  shia 
iad  i  fuar  marbh  leis  a'  mhisg  ann  an  seilear 
iochdiach  seann  chaisteil  a'bha  's  a'  nàb- 
uidhcachd.  An  deigh  beagan  cadail,  dhuisg 
i,  agus  shin  i  air  feòrachd  c'  àite  an  romh  i. 

"Tha  thu  ann  an  tir  na  bithbhuantachd" 
ars'  an  hghiche  'bha  'g  a  f  halach  Ihein  air  a 
cùl-thaobh. 

"Agus  c'  fhada  le  'tha  mi  's  an  tir  so?" 
ars'  ise. 

"Tha  còrr  is  bliadhna"  ars'  an  lighiche. 

"  'S  cinuteadi  gu  'm  bheil  mi  marbh  ma 
tha  mi  cho  fada  sin  ann"  ars'  ise. 

"Tha  cho  marbh  ri  clich." 

"Agus  am  bheil  thusa  marbh  mar  an 
ccudna?" 

"Tha." 

"  Agus  c'fhada  tha  thu  'san  dùthaich  sol" 
ars'  ise. 

"Tha  còig  bliadhna"  ars'  an  lighiche. 
"Gun  teagamb  tha  sinn  uile  marbh  a 
reisd." 

"Tha;  gach  neach  againn." 

Air  do  'u  lighiche  'm  freagairt  so  a  thoirt 
di,  rinn  i  suidhe  agus  air  son  seal  beag 
lean  i  air  smuaineachadh  gu  ciiramach.  Cha 
robh  f  hios  aig  an  lighiche  ciod  e  a  bha  i  'do! 
a  chautuinn. 

Mu  dheireadh  thuirt  i — "Tlia  mi  cinnt- 
each  gu'm  bheil  thusa  gu  maih  eòlach  'san 
ùite;  am  hheil  fios  agad  c'  aiV  am  faigh  mi 


Dara  Mies  an  Fhegharaidli,  1872. 


AN  GAIDAEAL. 


179 


Cha  robh  fhios  aig  an  lighiche  ciod  e 
'dheanadh  e  'n  uair  a  channaic  e  gu'n  do 
ehir  i'n  dram  ann  an  dùthaich  nan  spioradan; 
'a  thug  e  'chasan  aa. 


TUIREADH  BAINTIGHEARNA 
CHOLA, 

Gar  h-e  mis'  th'  iar  mo  chiùradh, 
Thug  mi  gealladh  do  'n  chiiii  teir, 
Ged  nach  leiginn  fo  run  e  nas  mo.* 

Moch  's  a'  mhaduinn  '8  tu  'g  eiridh, 
Gur  math  thigendh  dhut  feileadh, 
'N  uair  a  sgioblaiche;idh  m'endail  gu  falbh. 

Sealgair  /c'idh  air  an  driùch]  thu, 
Bu  trom  lot  o  le  d'  fhiidar, 
Call  fala  's  do  chii  air  a  lorg. 

An  la  thàinig  thu  dh'  Albainn, 
Bu  làmh  shònruichte  arm  thu, 
Tha  sud  firiuneach,  dearbhta,  gun  bhòsd. 

Bu  tu  'n  cèarrach  mòr  prìseil, 
Air  chairtean,  's  air  dhisnean, 
'S  tu  gu  'n  coisneadh  a'  chis  air  an  torm. 

Agus  cearr.ich  air  feòirne, 

Air  an  taileasg  ga  'n  steùrnadh, 

'S  tu  nach  iarradh,  's  nach  sòradh  an  t-òr. 

Bu  tu  ceinn  do  hichd-muinntir, 
Nach  robh  geur  orra  'n  cainnt  o, 
Ann  an  eii-eachdas  cimntais  no  moid. 

Ach,  a  Neil  choir,  a  ghaisgich, 
Fhuair  do  stialiadh  mu  'ii  clilachan, 
'S  e  do  bhàs  chuir  am  fadal  so  orm. 

Chunnacas  sud  le  d'  cheann-cinnidh, 

lad  ga  d'  ghiiilan  gu  hinnis, 

'S  iomadh  bean  a  bha  sileadh  an  deòir, 

Gu  'n  robh  gruaim  air  do  dhalta, 

'N  tràth  bha  'n  uaigh  dhuit  ga  treachailt, 

'Sgu'm  bi  'n  uair  nach  bu  mhaslach  e  dhò. 

Ach  na  'm  b'  aithne  dbomh  d'  àireamh, 

'S  ùr  a'  choill  as  an  d'  fhàs  thu, 

Shiol  nam  fiaeachan  àrd  bu  mhòr  stoirm. 


Mac  Ghill-Eathain  air  thus  leat, 

Agus  larla  na  Ciiile, 

Leat  mac  lonmhuiun  bho  liichairt 


Chrò. 


Leat  mac  .Shimidh  mòr  uaibhreach, 

'S  larl  Antruim  sec  chualas, 

Lochlann  leat  an  am  bualadh,  's  bi  choir. 


■  Aitbris  gach  ceithreamh  da  uair. 


An  am  tighinn  do  n  fheasgar, 

'S  mòr  m'ionndrain,  's  cha  bheag  i, 

Mheudaichiomnadh  nam  fleasgachmobhròn. 

Mi  ri  feitheamh  na  foiche, 
'S  fir  an  òrdugh  dol  seachad, 
Ach  cha  lèir  dhomh  fear  d'  fhaicinn  na  'n 
coir. 

Duin'-uasal  treun  sgairteil, 

Ur  gleusta  ro  bheachdail. 

Fear  fial  dha  na  bhaisteadh  Niall  òg. 

Abracf/ 


GUTH  0  CHANADA. 
A'Ghàidheil  rùnaich, 
Is  ann  le  toileachas  mòr  agus  le  deadh-dhùr- 
achd  a  chuirinn  failte  'us  fui-an  oirbh  agus 
a  labhruiun  mu'r  timchioll  na  briathran 
aosda:  "An  la  'chi  'snach  fhaic:"  "Gu'ra 
slàn  agus  gu'm  fortunach  a  bhitheas  sibh," 
Gun  teagamh  buiuidh  dhuibh  cliii  'us  mol- 
adh  do  bhri'j,h  gu'm  bheil  sibh  a'  deanamh 
oidheirp  ghasda  air  canain  bhlàth  nan 
Gàidheal  a  chumail  suas  agus  a  sgaoileadh 
gu  pougail  anns  an  dùthaich  iir  fharsuing 
so.  Tha  bhur  sgiamh  boidheach,  grinn. 
Tha  bhur  sgeadachadh  tiachdmhor.  Thug 
sibh  cheana  dearbhadh  làidir  seachad  gur  è 
bhur  run  suidhichte  onoir  a  chur  air  cainnt 
bhlasda  nam  beann.  Tha  c  soilleir  mu  ni 
gach  Gàidhoal  anns  an  duthaich  a  dhleas- 
annas  do  'r  taobh,  nach  bi  è  comasach  focal 
a  labhairt  an  aghaidli  bimr  snu  idh  agus  'ur 
dichioll.  Is  iomadh  latha  o'n  chunnaic  iad- 
san  tha  measail  air  a  Ghàilig  "Cuairtear" 
'n  an  cainnt  fein.  Gun  amharus  tha  bhur 
bàigh  ri  tir  nam  beann  'us  ri  cleachduiunean 
nan  Gàidheal  araon  làidir  agus  cliiiiteach, 
Ged  nach  'eil  Canada  fathast  ach  ann  an 
tiis  a  mòrachd  'sa  beartais;  feumar,  aideach- 
adh  gu'n  d'  riun  siol  nan  gleann  agus  clann 
nan  Gàidheal  mòran  cheana  a  chum  an 
diithaich  anns  am  bheil  sinn  a'  tuiueachadh, 
a  thoirt  air  a  h-aghaidh  gu  iubhe  urramach^ 
àrd.  Tha  paipeireau  naigheachd  gun  àir- 
eranh  air  an  sgriobhadh  ann  am  Beurla 
agus  ann  an  cànainean  eile.  Bhitheadh  è 
na  ni  brònach,  tàmailteach,  mata,  gu'm 
bitheadh  a'  Ghàilig  gu  tur  gu'n  leabhar  no 
paipear  anns  am  faoiladh  gach  neach  leis  an 
aill  uaigheachdan  an  t-saoghail  a  leughadh 
agus  a  thuigsinn  anu  am  briathran  maiseach 
Oisein.  Chi  mi  gu  soilleir  gu'm  bheil  turus 
maith  roimhibh,  oir  tha  iomadh  Gaidheal 
anns  an  duthaich  a  tha  toilichte  agus  aigh- 
earrach  bho  'n  thog  sibh  an  seòl  meadhoin 


180 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


Para  Mlos  a»  FhogharaiOh,  1872. 


acrus  a  Rgaoil  sibh  'ur  bri'iiioan  geala  ris  an 
t-£()iil>lieas.  Tlia  Canada  'smibhcachadli 
on  liiiith:  a^^us  tlia  mi  'creiilsimi  gu  'in  bi 
agbaitas  a's  mddba,  agus  (lichioU  a's  airde 
air  -in  noclidadh  anns  an  aiinsir  a  tha  li 
teaclui.  Tha  farsuingeachd  anabarrach 
an!is  an  duthaich;  tha  leaiann  toirach, 
domhainn  ann  an  ioinadii  cciirna;  tha 
rathaidean  iaruiiin  a  nis  ag  ioinachd  air 
feadli  cuibhrionn  mhòr  de'n  tir;  tha  lorhan 
nU'^o  .114 us  abhnaicheau  tana  a^ainn  naoh 
'eil  aig  tir  air  bith  eile;  tha  eòlas  'us  sai)rsa 
air  freumh  laidir  a  ghabhail  am  measg  an 
t-sluHÌj,h.  Nach  'eil  againn,  niata,  aobhar 
sonruiehte  'blii  g' ainbaiic  ri  fortan  mòr. 
agus  ri  soirbheachadh  paillt  anns  na  laith- 
ean  a  iha  air  thoiseach  oirnn?  '1  ha  mi 
«arbsach  agus  dòchasach  gu  'in  bi  laithi^an 
sunndach,  fada  air  am  buib-achadh  oirbhsa 
agus  gu'n  giidain  sibh  inmadh  stigradh. 
gean  'us  toileachas-iiintinn  do  liach  (iai.lh- 
eal  a  bhitheas  anu  an  ioiiadin  iomallach  na 
duUicba  a'  deanamh  dachnidh  bhuuaiteach 
dha  fein  agus  mar  so  a'  fosgbidh  suas  na 
duthdia.  O'n  tha'n  seol  nieadhoin  a  ni- 
an  àird  agus  am  biita  air  bioilleauli  a' 
chuaisi,  tlia  mi 'n  dòclias  gu'm  bi  gauth 
fhàbli.irach  daonnan  a'  lionadh  nam  breid- 
ean;  agus  gu'm  bi  'n  long  ur  eireachdail  so 
furasda  'stiùradh  agus  a  gleiiiheacjh  aim 
an  uidheam  thogarrach.  Tha  sibh  a' 
gealltuinn  gu'n  iniiidi  sibh  le  ceum  a's 
luaitho  agus  a's  treise  aim  an  ùin 
ghniiid.  Ni  bhur  càinlean  tjàinieachas  an 
truth  a  thogas  sibh  ur  f-eann  ni  's  airde 
agus  a  sgaoileas  sibe  a  niach  tuille  breidean 
ris  an  t-soirbheas.  'Ilia  ini  i:lè  cliinnteach 
gu'm  f'eum  sibh  cuideachadh  agus  aoidli- 
I  eachd  fhaotainn  aim  an  iomadh  xlachaidh 
.  agus  aig  iomadh  teine.  Bu  ni  tamailteach 
j  a  thachradh  da  rireadh,  na'n  diultadh 
i  nridlie  Gàidlicil  air  bith  ar>iiih('arhd  a  thoirt 
di'.lbh  agus  còmhnadh  adhcauamh  le  minrn 
's  iu  ilaclid  ieibh,  Na  bilheatlh  ioghiiadh 
'  oirbh  mu  ni  mise  (iichioll  air  litir  a  sgriobh- 
adh  a  uis  agus  a  rithist  do  bhiir  n-ioimsuidli. 
;  Is  mise  aig  an  am, 

A'  Ghàidheil  rìinaich, 

ilhur  caraid  dileas, 

"COxX.V." 
♦  0 

LITIR  A   CEANN-A'-GHIUi;iISAlcn. 

A'  filiàidheil  rimaich, 
pf         C'eadaichibh  dhonih  failto  cbvidlioil  a 
cliur  oiibh  As  an  earrann  so  de  'n  duthaicii. 
Tha  uii  'cluiuntinn,  agus  mar  an  ceu<lna^ 


leughadh,  gu'm  bheil  sibh  a'  faighinn  mòran 
litrirhean  taitiieacli  o  'ur  càirdean  As  gach 
ce:\riiaidh  de  'n  cliruinuo.  Agus  am  bheil 
sin  iongantach?  Ud,  ud,  cha-n-eil.  'Sann 
bu  choir  do  gach  (iàidlioal  aig  am  bheil 
peis  d'a  dhùthaich,  d'a  chinneach,  agus  d'a 
chànain — 's  mar  oil  speis  aige  do  gach  aon 
<liubh  sid,  cha  Ghaidhkal  e — clach- 
chuimhne  'thogail  an  ait  eigin  air  feadh  na 
tìàidhealtachd  air  son  an  latha  'rugadha 
lei  (hid  de  ghaisgeach  ruibii  Na  smuan- 
aicbibh  idir  gum  bheil  mi  gu  bhi  a'  brosgal 
no  a'  sotal  ruibh.  Chuala  sibb  bho  'ur  n'òige 
nach  d'  thig  an  còta  glas  cho  math  do  na 
h-uile  fear:  agus  sann  mar  sin  a  dh-eirich 
dhomh-sa  's  do  'n  bhrosgal — cha  d'  thig  e  gu 
math  dhomli. 

Tha  mi  faicinn  ann  bhur  ]iaipear  luach- 
mhor  gu'm  bheil  sibh  a'  faighinn  beagan 
btrichean  air  bheag  briglie — eadhon,  feadh- 
ainn  leibeideach,  dhroL'h-"ile!nach  mar  a 
.  buir  "Niall  Criibr.ch"  thugaibh.  Tha  mi 
gle  thoiliclite  leis  na  freaciairtean  geur,  tap- 
aid  h,  a  tha  sibh  a'  tabhairt  do  uile-biastan 
de'n  t-seòrsa  ud.  Sa  h-uilo  duine  liabh 
(liul)h  ma  dh'  innnsaicheas  e  an  ailndeal,  cha 
bhi  ach  sineadh  air  beumadh,  'sair  faotainn 
cion  do  Ghàilig  a's  nif  dh  litreachaidh 
muinntir  eile.  Tha  Mr.  Disraeli  ag  radh  gur 
h-iad  na  tiolpadaii'ean,  buidhf  ann  air  an  do 
dh-fhairtlich  gach  seòrsa  de  sgriibhadh, — 
agus  air  an  aobhar  sin  's  eiginii  doibh  siu- 
cadh  air  smàdadh  na  muinntir  a  tha  ealanta 
air.  'J'ha.  mi  a'  creidsinn  gu  maitii  gu'm  bi 
■  n  seòrs.i  ud  'g  ar  trioblaideachadh; — 's 
cha  'n  una  mise  ch  intuinn  aig  a'  cheart  am 
so  nach  i  sin  a'  cheai'tobair  a  blr  aig  "Niall 
( 'rubach."  Ma  bheir  sibh  te  irt  idir  orra  na 
caomhiiaibh  a'  Ghiàisg,  innsibh  iad-iheiu 
dhoibh,  innsibh  dhoibh  nach  d'thig  as  a  phoit 
ach  an  toit  a  bhios  inutc.  Ach  cieidibh-sa 
mi.sp, 's  thoiribh  dhiom  na  cluas  ^n  mar  eil 
mi  ceart,  an  uair  a  their  mi  gur  he  umaidh- 
can,  b'tli-chiallaich,  no  bleideirean  air  chor- 
('ÌL;in  de'n  t-seòrsa  sin  a  bhios  ris  a  ghniomh 
tnhi-chliuiteac!i  air  an  i-obh  mi  a'  labhairt. 
Hha  mi  ro-thoilichto  leis  an  dara  litir  a  chuir 
"  liimasdach"  tbugiibh  agus  cho  ciallach's  a 
bibliair  e  air  a'  cheart  scòrsa  rau  'ii  robh  mi 
Ibein  a'  labhairt.  Tha  mi  'faicinn  nach  do 
cliuir  an  duine  coir  (mas  e  duine  no  boir- 
caniiach  a  th'  agam)  litir  no  dad  eile  gus  A' 
'iHAiDTiRAL  mu  dheircadh,  ach  tha  mi'n 
ddcbas  nach  do  chaidil  e  air  son  sin.  Thug 
ini  gus  a'  so  air  cainueadh  na  Gràisg  a  bhios 
a' faighinn  cron  do  na  Ghailig;  ach  le 'r 
cead-sa  their  mi-fhein  focal  no  dha  ruibh  a 


,  Miosan  FhogliaraiJh,  187 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


181 


nise  mu  dheibhinn  oran  a  chuir  sibh  anus 
A'  GrHAiDHEAL  mu  dheireaclli;  asrus  tha  mi 
'n  (lochas  nach  saoil  sibh  gur  li-aiin  ri  tiol- 
padaireachd  a  tha  mi.  'Sfliada  bho  mo 
ch  ill  e,  f  hiv  mo  chridhe.  "S  aun  a  tha  mi 
air  son  beagan  a  radh  ruibh  ann  an  spiorad 
bnitliiail.  'Se  an  t-òran  a  tha  mi  a'  ciall- 
acb.adh,  "Duanag  a'  Chiobair."  Tha-n 
t-oran  gun  teagamh  gle  chridbeil,  deas- 
bl'jiathi-ufih ;  ach  ged  a  tha,  de  'thug  air  an 
ii.;h*'^''  ^  Icithid  a  chantuiun  mu  mhaigh- 
dioiian  a'  bbaile  sol  Smuanaichibh  fein, 
fbir  mo  chridhe,  air  an  ranu  so: 

"Ged  a  ebruinn'cheadh  an  dùtliaich. 
Gu  f(?ill  Chinn-a'ghiiibhsaifh, 
Cha  bhindh  te  ami  do  'n  dnraujbui  p('</."0) 

Nac-h  fiDV  a  thuirt  an  sean-fbocal.  "A' 
.chailleach,  an  gabh  thu  'iìgh?" — "Cha 
ghabb  o'n  nach  gabh  e  mi,"  Tha  maigh- 
dionan  anns  a'  bbaile  bheag  so,  cho  llàth,  's 
cho  maiseach  'sa  tha  fo'n  Chriin  Bhreat- 
uinnoach.  'N  uaiv  a  chi  mi  prasgan  diubh 
a'  dol  seai^had  an  ivathal  mòr  teòj;liaidli  mo 
chridhe  riù — ^ach  te  dhiubh  cho  gràdhach, 
's  cho  flnyaUa,  agus  gum  moladh  Oisean  iad 
mar  a  mhol  e  Mala-mhin.  Tha  mise  cinut 
each,  f'hir  mo  chridhe, na'n  tachradh  dhuibh 
a  thighinn  a  chaoidh  an  taubh  so,  gun  cuir- 
eadh  sibh  leis  gach  focal  a  thuirt  mi  mu  ribh- 
innean  seirceil  'HJhinn-a'-ghiiibhsaich.  Ach 
'sa'cho-dhimadh  innsidh  mi  sgeulachd  bheag 
dhuibh:  Hha  madalh-ruadh  ann  roimhe, 
agas  air  dha  a  bhi  'fa'bh  an  fhàsaich  air 
latha  liorrani  toth,  dh  thus  e  ro  phàiteach 
's  cha  romh  uisge  no  ni  air  bith  eile  .anna 
chaisgeadh  iota.  M  u  dheireadh  de  chunnaic 
e  ach  craobh  fhion-dhearcan.  Bha  na  fion- 
dhearcan  ro  bhiiagha,  na  h-uile  aon  diubh 
abuich,  agus  iad  cho  lionmhor 's  gun  roiiih 
iad  a  liibadh  barraibh  nam  mcangail.  Ars' 
an  sionnach,  '"S  ann  domh  a  rug  an  cat  an 
cuilcan;  du  na  'th"  ann  an  sin  do  fhion- 
"  dhenrcan,  gach  aon  diub'i  cho  maiseach 's 
cho  Ian;  'siad  a,  chaisgeas  ino  thart.''  agus  an 
so  thug  e  leum  suas  ris  a'  chraoibh  an  diiil 
gu'm  biodh  Ian  a  chra^'is  aige  tighinn  air  ais 
Ach  leibeidean,  cha  d'  fhuair  e  'm  bainae;  — 
cha  ruigeadh  e  litli  na  slighe  gus  na  fion- 
dhearcan.  Leim  e,  's  leini  e,  ach  ged  a 
bhitheadh  e  a'  leum  fhathasd  cha  dtanadh 
e  tiirn.  Mu  dheireadh  dh'ihalbh  e,  agus, 
ars'  esan.  "  Tha  mi  coma  dhe  na  fion-dhearc- 
an, — tha  iad  goirt!" — Cha-n-eil  mi  ag  radh 
nach  do  bhlais  còrr  's  an  sioiinach  bochd  air 
fion -dhearcan  goirte. 


An  dòchas  nach  dean  sibh  orm-sa  mar  a 
rinn  sibh  air  "Niall  Criibach," 
Is  mi  bhur  seirbheiseach  umhal 

CALLUM. 

Ceann-a'-Ghiubhsaich,  Ceud  "t 
Mios  an  FhogharaiJh,  1872..  / 


LTTIR  0  EUNASDACH. 
A'  Ghàidheil  Rùnaich, 

Aig  an  am  so  de'n  bhliadlma  cha'n'eil 
aon  aig  am  bheil  sgillinn  ruadh  ri  'chosd 
agus  nair  de  dh'  iiine  ri  'sheaehnadh,  nach 
fag  othail  agus  ùpvaid  a'  bhailo  mhòir  ah* 
son  sàmhchair  na  dvithcha  agus  àile  glan 
nam  beanu.  Ma  thug  sibh  sgriob  timchioll 
a'  "Bhroomielaw"  na  cinnuidhe  an  eich 
iarruinn  chunnaic  sibh  le  'ur  siiilean  fein  na 
bha  de  shluagh  a'  fàgail  a'  bhaile.  Gu  sòn- 
ruichte  air  seachdain  na  Faireach  shaoileadh 
neach  gur  ann  a  bha  a'  phlàigh  an  Glaschu 
is  a  h  uile  fear  riamh  a'  teicheadh  le  a  bhean 
's  a  chlann,  gu  ionad  tearuinte.  Nis  'us 
ciataoh  an  cleachdadh  so,  oir  tha  di  cine' tha 
fad  na  bliadhna  mhòr  air  an  tachdadh  la 
toit  a'  bhaile  feuniach  air  aon  l;\n  beòil  de 
àile  ghlan,  agus  is  mòr  an  t-ùrachadh 
dhoibh  sealladh  de  na  machraichean  uaine 
agus  de'n  fhraoch  bliadanach  ghorra.  Na 
saoilibh,  mata,  gur  ann  a'  faotainn  coire 
do  'n  chuis  a  tha  mi.  Cha  'n  ann  idir,  oir 
is  ann  a  tha  mi  's  an  ];in  bharail  gum  bheil 
làithcan  cluiche,  mar  theirear  riu,  tuilidh  is 
tearc  againn,  's  e  sin  na  'm  biodh  iad  air  an 
gnathachadh  air  an  dbigh  so  a  chum  slàinte 
a's  falaineaclid  a  thoirt  do  'n  chreubh  trid 
turns  a  ghabhail  "a  sios  an  t-uisge"  no 
taobh  cigin  eile,  far  am  biodh  dragh  as 
cnram,  toit  is  gleadhraicli  a'  bhaile  mhòir 
air  am  fagail  na'n  deigh.  Ach  am  bheil 
sibh  a'  feòraich,  ciod  a  th'agamsa  ri  dhean- 
adh  ris  a'  cbleachdainn  sin  ?  Tha  direach  a 
chum  an  aobhar,  a  thug  orm-sa  nach  cuala 
sibh  uara  air a'mhios  adh'fhalbh, adheanadh 
soileir  dhuibh.  Tha  fhios  agaibh  gu'm 
bheil  an  sean-fhocal  ag  radh  gur  "fearr  a 
bhi  iis  an  tsaoghal  na  as  an  fhasan"  a's  air 
an  aobhar  sin  thug  mise  am  fireach  orm 
maille  ris  a'  chòrr.  Thug  mi  sgriob  air 
feadh  nan  garbh  chrioch  agus  ruaig  a'  measg 
eileanan  Innse-gall,  agus  feudaidh  sibh  a  bhi 
cinnteach  gur  e  sgriobhadh  a  bu  lugha  bha 
air  in  aire.  Bu  leòir  learn  a  bhi  ag  òl  a 
stigh  an  tsonais  a  bha  sruthadh  thugam  o 
bhi  coimhead  air  beanntan  mo  ghaoil  a's 
a'  bhi  beachdachadh  air  àilleachd  do-clioini 


182 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


ri;.r.;  Mi"f  anrhoghaxaidh,  1872:. 


•as,  tir  thuiniJh  nan  treun,  no  o  'bhi  g"  èisd- 
•achd  sgcula  mu  na  làithean  a  dh'  f  halbh 
a's  mu  na  cleachdainnean  ud  a  tha  gu  luath 
a'  dol  as  an  t-sealladh  am  measg  sgàilean 
dorcha  na  h-aimsir  a  thrèig.  Is  ma  bheir 
sibhse  agus  'ur  luchd-leughaidh  cead  dhomh, 
bheir  mi  o  am  gu  am  dhuibh  cuuntas  air 
•uid  de  na  nithean  amaideach  agus  faoin  a 
bha  aon  uair  air  an  Ian  chreidsinn  'n  ar  tir. 
Cha  'n  'oil  mi  idir  a'  saoilsin  gum  bheil  c  na 
ni  ccarr  na  nithean  sin  a  chur  air  chuimhne 
mu  'm  b'lsaich  iad  gu  builench.  Tha  ioma 
aon  diubh  faoin  gu  leòir  ach  tha  foglilum 
us  teag.isg  annta  aig  am.  Is  eadhon  ged 
nach  bitheadh  idir,  is  airidh  iad  air  cuimhne 
a  chumail  orra  do  bhrigh  gum  bheil  iad' 
freagarrach  a  chum  soluis  a  thilgeil  air  na ' 
h-amanan  as  air  na  cleaclidainean  a  tha 
'nis  air  siubhal  seachad  a  chaoidh.  Is  ann 
0  na  sgeulachdm,  o  na  baotli  bharailean 
agus  o  na  sean  ubagan  aig  sluagh  a  tlia  sinn 
comnsach  air  eùlas  fhaotainn  air  ciod  i  fior 
eachdraidh  pobuill  agus  ciod  iad  na  smioint- 
eanan  agus  na  breitlmeachaidh  a  bughnàth 
leò  a  bhi  cleachdadh.  Faodaidh  mata 
beachdachadh  air  na  nithean  ud  a  tha  faoin 
gu  leòir  annta  fèin  a  bhi  na  ni  buanachd'or 
a  chum  ar  neòlas  a  mheudachadh  mu 
dheibhin  nan  linntinn  ud  a  tha  gu  hiath 
ga'm  follach  fein  a  measg  ceo  nam  bhadh- 
naehan  agus  sgailean  na  h-aoise.  Tha  mi 
an  dòchas  mata  nach  meas  luchd-leughaidh 
A'Ghaidheil,  gu'm  bheil  mi  gòrach,  amaid- 
each ged  a  bheir  mi  fo'n  comhair  iomadh 
gisreag  is  iibag  is  barail  fhaoin.  Oir  cha  'n 
'eil  mise,  a'  Leughadair  ionmhuinn,  gu'n 
creidriinn  ni's  motha  na  thu  fein,  ach  air 
dhomh  a  blii  's  an  Ian  bharail  gu'm  bheil 
solus  ri  fhaotainn  iomadh  uair  far  an  lugha 
am  bheil  sùil  ris,  agus  gliocas  aig  am  fo 
chleòca  na h-amiideachd,  tha  mi  am beachd 
gur  fhiach  sean  nithe  nan  Gàidheal  aithre  a 
thoirt  dhoibh.  Maille  ri  iomadh  ni  eile  a 
tha  air  caochladh  ann  an  tir  nam  Beann  tha 
beachdan  an  t-sluaigh  mu  na  nithean  amaid- 
each ud  air  atliarracliadh  mar  an  ceudua. 
Agus  is  maith  gum  bheil,  oir  tha  e  'n  a 
dhearbhadh  gu'm  bheil  fòghlum  'us  eòlas  a 
dol  am  raeud,  agus  luchd-àitcachaidh  nan 
garbh  clirioch  a'  fas  ni's  tuigsiche.  Ach  is 
f  hcudar  dhomh  aideachadli  'nuair  a  thairneas 
mi  coimeas  eadar  staid  na  Gàidhealtachd 
mar  a  tha  i  nis  ague  mar  a  bha  i  's  rui  liun- 
tin  a  dli'  fhalbli  gum  bheil  mi  iomadli  uair 
ann  an  teagarah  a  thaobh  na  chisc,  agus  air 
uair  cha 'n 'eil  e  cho  soileir  dhomh  gu'm 
bheil  ciiisean  air  caochladh,  anns  gach  ni  a 


chum  na  cuid  is  fc'irr.  Tha  a  thaobh  an  ni- 
80  "d;'i  thaobli  air  a'  Mhaoil."  Air  aon. 
taobh  tha  be.'uuichdan  'us  buanachdan  ri 
am  faicinn,  air  an  taobh  eile,  tha  tiamhachd 
agus  bròn.  A  thaobh  na  'm  buanachdan, 
thàinig  rathad  na  Gàidhealtachd,  faodaidh 
mi  na  nitliean  a  leanas  a  chomharachadh  a 
mach.  Tha  sgoilean  agus  caglaisean  air  an 
suidlieachadh  ann  an  iomadh  gleann  uaig- 
neach  agus  air  iomadh  eilein  cuain  far  an 
robh  aig  aon  am  meadhona  teagaisg  agus 
gràis  gle  thearc.  Tha  rathaide  mora  air  an 
deanadh  air  feadh  nan  garbh  chrioch,  a  chum 
is  gum  feud  carbad  nan  ceithir  each,  dol 
troimh  na  glinn  is  fiadhuiche  cho  socrach 
rc'idh  is  air  cabhsair  a  bhailcmhòir.  Tha  mac 
talla  nan  creag  a"  co-fhreagairt  do  sgriach 
an  eich  iarruinn  agus  do  dh'  f  huaim  rothan 
nan  carbad  aige  fe.idh  ghleanntan'us  bheann- 
tan  na  h-airde  tuath  far  am  bu  chruaidh 
ann  an  linn  ar  n-.ithraichean  do  ncach  an 
rathad  a  dheanadh  n  i  chois.  Tha  bàta  na 
smuide  air  eileauan  iom  ilach  Innse  Gall 
agus  air  Lochan  fasgach  na  h  àirde  n'  iar  a. 
thoirt  ro  dhldtli  do  'u  bh;.ile  so  againn.  Tha 
trid  so  iom  id  goireas  aig  luchd-àiteachaidh: 
ni  Gàidhcaltaclid  n.ich  robh  aig  an  athr.dch- 
ean.  Tha  eadhon  an  iuuleichd  iougantach 
sin,  a  tha  air  cearcal  a  chur  air  an  t-saoghal 
air  a  leithid  a  dhòigh  is  gun  d'thig  naidh- 
eachd  ann  am  priobadh  n  i  sdl  o  America 
fein,  air  cuid  do  na  heileiueau  a  thoirt  cho 
dliith  oirnn  is  gum  feud  neach  ann  am 
Muilc  no  lie  (ma  tha  cuid  thasdan  aige  ri 
chosd)  còmliradh  a  chumail  ri  a  charaid  ann 
an  Glaschu  mar  gum  biodh  iad  nan  suidhe 
rau  choinncamh  a  cheile  aig  an  aon  bhord. 
Tha  mar  so  gun  Lcig  imli  iomadh  caochladh 
aigh  air  tighinn  air  tir  nan  Treun,  o  na 
làithean  ud  anns  an  robh  aa  Finneachan  do 
ghnàth  ann  an'naimhde  s  d'a  cheile — o  na 
iinntin  anns  an  robh  suil  gun  leigeadh  gach 
Ceann  Feadhn.i  òg  air  dha  teachd  a  chum 
a  thighcarn  is  f  haicinn  a  thapadh  agus  a 
threubliautas  trid  a  chreicli  a  thogal  o 
fhcaran  a  clioimlicarsnaich,  agus  anns  am  bi 
a  cliulaidh  spuirt  a  bu  togaraiche  a  bha  aig 
'ur  n  atbraioliean  a  bhi  mort  'sa  spuincadh 
nan  Gall.  Tha  e  nis  mòran  nis  furasda  agus 
nis  sàbhailte  dj  Baailidhe  in  Ghlaschu 
cuairt  a  thoirt  feadli  nan  g  irbh  chrioch  na 
bha  e  anns  an  linn  anns  an  robh  Bailie 
N'icol  Jarvic  cho  treun  agus  sgriob  a  thoirt, 
fo  cheannsal  Rob  Ru.idh  .slhic  Griogair,  a 
dh'  fhaicinn  maise  nan  Troisichean,  àiU- 
eachd  Loch-Cliatrioua  agus  garbh  shlios 
Blicinn  Lomuinn.      Ach  ged  a  tha  so  uile 


DaraMìosaii  F'aogharaiJh,  1S72. 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


183 


fior,  agus  ged  a  tha  gacli  Gaidlieal  ro  thàing- 
cil  air  a  shon,  thit  gidheadh  aiharraichcan 
eile  air  teachd  nnn  an  lorg  nan  nithean  sin 
a  lionas  mo  chridlie  le  tianihachd  agns  bròn 
gach  uair  a  bheir  mi  ruaig  air  feadli  Gàidh- 
ealtachd  mo  Gliaoil.  Tlia  trid  nan  goireasan 
ud  agns  o  aobharan  eile,  luach  fearainn  air 
àrdachadh  a  chum  is  gum  bheil  na  Tigh- 
earnan  trid  gaol  nam  màltan  mora  air  iom- 
adh  gleann  tiond  agus  sratli  tirbbach  a 
cliur  fas  a  chum  caoraich  a  chur  an  aite  nan 
daoine.  Is  fada  on  a  thubhairt  an  Slan- 
aighear  Be-.nnuichte  "Cia  mòr  is  feùrr  duine 
na  caoni?"  Acli  cha'n'eil  uair  a  bheir  mi 
cuairt  feadh  ionada  fnsa  tir  mo  dhuthchais, 
nacli  d'thig  an  smuain  ann  am  aire  gur 
eigin,  nnch-eil  an  earainn  sin  ann  am 
Biobul  Tighearna  Fearain  na  Gàidhealtaclid 
idir,  no  gum  bheil  iad  fein  is  an  luchd 
gnothaich  air  solus  ùr  fhaotainn  oirre,  oir 
tha  an  deanadas  a'  cur  an  coill  gur  i  a  bhar- 
ail  acasan  gur  mòr  is  feàrr  caora  na  duine. 
Is  tha  iad  air  an  aobh;.r  sin  air  an  t  sluagh 
f  hògradh  is  aii-  iomadh  srath  bòidheach  agus 
gleann  àillidh  f  hàgail  nam  f  àsaichean  tiamh- 
uidh.  Far  an  robh  iomadh  dachaidh 
chomhfhurtachail,  anus  an  robh  sluagh 
moralta,  diadhaidh  ■,.g  gabhail  còmhnuidh, 
cha'n'eil  a  nis  ach  na  liatli  liithraichean 


Thug  ainneart  fògraidh  uainn  iad, 
'Sleis  na  coimhich  buaidh  mar  "s  àill, 
Leis  na  flniair  's  na  chunnaic  iiiise, 
Biodh  am  fios  so  aig  a'  Bhàrd. 

Cha  'n  fhaigh  an  dc^irceach  fasgadh, 
Na  'm  fear  astair  fois  o  'sgios, 
No  'n  Soisgeulach  luchd  disdeachd, — 
Bhuadhaich  eucoir  Goill  is  cis. 
Tha  nathair  bhreac  na  lùban 
Air  na  h-iirlair  far  an  d'  fhàs 
Na  fir  mhòr  a  chunnaic  mise, 
Thoir  am  tios  so  thun  a  Bhaird." 

'X  uair  a  bheachdaicheas  mi  air  na  h-ath- 
arrachuidli  so  uile,  ged  tha  mi  ullamh  gu 
leùir  gu  aideachadh  gum  bheil  iomadh 
caochladh  maith  air  tighinn  air  a'  Ghàidh- 
ealtachd,  gidheadh  thig  tiamhachd  air 
m'anam  agus  tiomadh  air  mo  chridhe  tra 
'chuimhnicheas  mi  air  na  làithean  ud  anns 
an  robh  "aiteas  is  àgh  feadh  nan  gleann," 
mar  bha  an  oidhche  fhada  gheamhraidh  air 
a  cur  seachad  ann  an  cidrdeas  agus  ann  an 
cridhealas,  le  toimhseachain,  iirsgeulan  agus 
cleasan  gun  lochd,  le  iomradh  air  cliù  na 
Fcinne  agus  le  aitliris  dàin  Oisein  is  a  cho- 
luchd  ciuil.  Is  ged  a  tha  solus  is  àirde  a 
nis  air  sgaoladh  ann  am  measg  na  fuigheal 
a  dh'  fhàgadh  do  shiol  nan  trcun,  na  na 
sgeulachdan  faoin  ud,  cha  'n  '3ÌI  f  hios  agam 


fuara,  agus  na  tolmain  fheurach  ghorm  gu  '  ^leo  air  thàing  gach  neonachas  d'an  d'  thug 
fiiinuis  a  thoirt  air  na  bha.  Air  an  Leith-  |  iad  geill  nach  robh  toiseach  aca  oirnne  a 
thir  thorrach  far  an  cluinnte  ann  au  ciiun  I  dhaindeoin  ar  bòsd  as  ar  mòit  mu  ar  neòl- 
shàmhchair  an  anmoich  sliamhruidh  guth  1  as,  ann  an  iomadh  subhailc  agus  biiaidh 
nan  salm  ag  èiridh  o  ioma.dh  altair  teagh-   mhaiseacb.  Oirbhacaoimlineasa'scàirdeas, 


laich,  le  co  sheirm  thiamhnidh  bhinn  cha 
bhuail  fuaim  air  a'  chluais  an  diugh,  ach 
mèilich  nan  caorach  bàna  agus  tabhaim 
madadh  breac  a'  chiobair  ghallda.  Da  rh-- 
eabh  "Iselionmhorachd  nan  caorach,  chuir 
dann  nan  daoin'  ;iir  alaban."  Oir  tha  e 
fior  mu  iomadh  ceàrn  do  tliir  gharbh  na 
h-Alba,  mar  thubhairt  am  Bard  lleach  mu 
Eilein  glas  an  f  heOir,  far  an  d'  i'buair  e 
nvacli. 

"Tha  tigbean  scalbh  na  dli'  fhàg  sinn 
Feadh  an  fhninn  'n  an  cavnan, 
Dh'  fhall  h  "scha  till  na  Gaidheil 
Siad  an  t-àiteach,  cur  'us  buain, 
Tha  stèidh  nan  Uuach  tiumhuidh 
A'  toirt  fianuis  air  'sag  ràdh; 
Mar  a  fhuair  's  a  chunnaic  mise 
Leig  am  fios  so  thun  a'  Bhaird. 

Cha  chluinnear  luinneafj  Oighean, 

Seist  nan  òran  air  a"  chldith, 

'S  cha  'n  f haiccar  sp.ji'I  mar  'b'  àbhaist 

A'  cur  lùir  lur  faichu  ioi  ih.  ' 


mòralachd  a"s  dcagh  bheus  ri  fhaotuiun 
nam  measg  a  dh'  f  haodadh  nùire  a  chub" 
oirne  an  diugh.  Bha  iad  aoidheil  agus 
tabhartach  ri  bochdan,  rachadL  furan  fàilte 
a  chur  air  a'  choigreach,  i-^  a  bheatha  dhean 
adh  ged  nach  biodh  boiin  'na  sporan,  u's 
rachadh  gabhail  .age  gu  maith  is  gu  roth 
mhaith,  gun  pheighinu,  gun  chain.  Na  'n 
tugadh  e  làmh  air  paidheadu  air  son  a 
shuipcir  's  a  leabaidh,  cha  ghabhta  uaith  e, 
is  gheiblieadh  e  mar  fhrcagrirt,  'Ud,  ud, 
is  gann  an  t-earrf.ch  fiij^  an  cunntar  na 
faochagan.  Cha'n'eil  sini  chr>  galida  is 
sin  fhathasd."  Ged  n:.ch  biodh  =òr  fheiim 
mata  anns  na  sean  nithean  ^in  r^a  mi  'sa 
bheachd  gum  biieil  lid  aUhr.ah  air  aite 
fhaotuinn  air  taobh  duilLagan  A"  Ghaidh- 
EIL,  do  bluigh  is  gum  bheil  iad  m  ir  than- 
asg  sgaileach  nan  laithean  a  dh'  fbalbh,  a 
dh-uiigeas  iomadh  aigne  *:hlà,  agu-  cuimh- 
neachan  tlnam'.uidlj  anu  a:.,  b.oilleach 
muinntir  a  tha  an  diugh  math  dh'  fhaodta 
fadu  fada  o  sgàile  nam  fuar  bheann.     Oir 


184 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


Dara  ViosanFhogharaidh,  187J. 


tha  sgeiila  na  h-aimsir  a  dh'  fhalbh,  cha  "n  e  ' 
mhain  mar  ghath  soluis  don  inam,  ach 
mar  fhuaim  thiamhuidh  nan  caocliain  uisge 
ann  an  gleann  iiaigneach  fasail  "'nuair 
a  thuitcas  sg;\ilc  na  hoidhche,  mar  gum 
b'  ann  a*  caoidh  na  bha,"  no  mar  ghaoir 
iosal  mhuladach  nan  tonn  air  feasgar  cmin 
anns  a'  cheitinn,  a  gbiùile  ,nas  air  falbh  an 
t-anam  gu  beachd  smuiin,  agus  breillmach- 
adh  air  se.ismhachd  nàduir  agus  a  b-obair, 
agus  air  neo-nitbeacbd  fhalasnc'.i  gincil 
chlann  daoine.  Ma  bbcir  sibb  cead  dhomb 
mata  bbeir  mi  ann  an  litir  eile  iomradb  air 
cuid  do  na  nitbcan  sin.  Aig  an  am  is  mi 
'ur  Caraid.  RUNASDACH. 

Glaschu,  air  Cluaidh,  \ 

CeuUMios  an  Fhogharaidh  1872,.  / 


NAIGHEACHDAN. 

Tha  crioch  a  nis  air  a'  Pharlamaid;  agus 
an  uair  a  leughar  uirghioll  na  Ban-rijj;h,  tha 
e  soirbh  ri  fhaicinn  gu  "n  deach  barrachd 
obair  a  dheanamh  am  bliadhna,  air  son 
gnothaichibh  na  diithcha— araon  aig  an 
taigh  a's  thairis — a  thoirt  air  an  aghairt 
na  chaidh  a  dheanamh  o  cheann  iomadh 
bliadhna.  Mu  dheighinn  na  ceiste  chud- 
thromaich  a  bha  eadar  sinn  fhein  agus  na 
Staidibh  Aonaichtc,  tha  e  taitneach  ri  inn- 
seadh  gu'm  bheil  e  coltacli  ris  gun  teid 
crioch  shiochail  oirre;  agus  nach  bi  i  fada 
na  ceap-tuislidh  air  son  a  bhi  'gàrach  mi- 
run  eadar  an  da  rioghachd.  Cha  ruig  sinne 
leis  gacli  ni  a  th'air  an  ainmeachadh  anns  an 
uirghioll  Kioghall  a  chur  sios  air  duilleagaibh 
A'  Ghaidheii.;  foghnaidh  e  dhuinn  a  chant 
uinn,  gu'm  bheil  a  chuid  as  honmhoire  dhe 
'n  t-sluagh  taingeil  air  son,  agus,  toilichte 
leis,  na  chaidh  de  ghnothaichean  na  riogh 
achd  a  dheanamh  air  a'  bhliadhna  so. 

Tha  na  Sasunnaich  a  nise  'sgaoladh  feadh 
na  duthcha,  mar  as  cleachdach  h-o  aig  an 
am  so.  Tha  mòran  diubh  air  tigliinn  thun 
na_  Gàidhealtachd.  Air  feadh  an  Eilein 
Sgiathanaich,  gu  deimhinn  air  feadh  nam 
Beann  uile,  tha  iad  cho  lionmhor  ris  na 
meanbh-chuileagan.  Tha  tlachd  mòr  aig 
na  Sasunnaich  ann  a  bhi  'gamharc  air  hxA 
bhcanntaibh  na  Gàidhealtachd,  agus  gun 
teagamh  tha  seallaidhean  dc'n  t-scorsa  'g 
àrach  smuaintinean  maiseach,  oirdhearc. 
ann  an  cridheachan  air  bith  aig  am  bheil  an 
gradh  is  lugha  do  obair  a'  chruthaichidb, 
»gus  diomhaireachd  obair  nàduir.  Tha  na 
Gàidheil  a  tha  a  ghnàth  a'  measg  nam 
beann  's  nan  gleann  air  fas  cho  eòlacli  air 


gach  scalladh  a  tha  ri  fhaicinn  agus  gu'n 
bheil  mòran  diubh  nach  saoil  dad  sam  bith 
^0  na  ccart-sheallaidhean  a  thogadh  si 
cridheachan  nan  Gàidheal  'sa'  bhaile.  Mar 
gach  neach  eile  tha  a'  Bhan-righ  fhein 
tiffhinn  gu  math  gu  tuath  air  an  Fhoghar 
Tha  iomradh  air  gum  bheil  i  gu  pàirt 
de  'u  iiine  a  cliur  seachad  cuide  ris  an  Diùc 
Chat'ìch  a'n  Dim-Roibin.  Tha  muiuntir 
Inbhir-nis  ro  dheigheil  air  gu'm  fan  i  ùin« 
gheàrrna'm  baile  bòidheach  fhein;  agus 
chaidh  dithis  dhaoine  urramach,  iProbhdst 
Mac-Choinuich  agns  a  roirah-shealbhadair, 
Maidscar  Lyon  Mac-Choinnich)  'ga  cuircadh 
gu  tàmh  aig  Inbhir-nis  's  an  dol  seachad. 
Tha  fear  de  phaipearan  naigheachd  Inbhir- 
nis  ag  ràdh  gu'm  biodh  e  ro  iomchuidh 
clach-chuimhne  "chuir  suas  anns  a'  bhaile 
air  son  a  tàmha.  Tha  iad  a'  meas  gun-  cosg 
a'  chlach  so  (ma  bhios  a  leithid  ann)  corr  air 
mile  punnd  Sasunnach — ach  ciod  e  dh'aith- 
nicheas  muiuntir  Clacli-na-cudainn  sin 
uatha  ? 

Thug  Ban-impire  nam  Frangach  agus  a 
mac  cuairt  feadh  na  Gàidhcaltachd  air  a 
mhios  a  chaidh  seachad.  Bha  i  ann  am 
Biddeanach,  ann  an  Lochabar,  's  anns  an 
Eilein  Sgiathanach.  Bha  an  dùthàich  a' 
taitinn  ro  mhath  rithe.  Tha  feadhainn-a 
thàinig  'na  car  air  an  t  slighc  ag  innscadh 
gu'n  robh  bruidhiun  mhor  aice  air  son  lite, 
'  s  gach  seòrsa  bidhe  eile  a's  cleachdach  a 
a  bhi  aig  na  Gàidheil.  Tha  i  ag  ràdh  nach 
coir  do  na  Gàidheil  a  Gh;aiig  a  leigeil  bàs; 
agus  gun  teagamh  sam  bith  tha  i  ag  inn- 
seadh  na  firinn.  'Nuair  a  bha  i  anns  an 
Eilean  Sgiathanach  bha  iomradh  mòr  aice 
air  a'  Phrionnsa  'sair  Fionnghal  nighean 
Raonuill  Mhic-Aonghais  òig.  !Mu"n  do  dh- 
fhàg  i  an  t  eilean  sgriobh  i  ann  an  leahhar 
itn  Itichd  tatliaich  's  an  taigh-òsda,  anns  a' 
chaiunt  Fhrangaich: — "B'  fheàrr  Icam  ^u'n 
romh  an  t-eilean  so,  ris  am  bheil  iomad  co- 
cheangal  an  eachdraidh  agus  anns  am  bheil 
lanntair  cho  oirdhearc,  air  a  thaghal  le  luchd- 
turais,  agus  air  a  mhcas  leoth'a  mar  bu  ch(Mr 
da  a  bhith. 

Tha  am  bàrr  fior  mhath  anns  gach  cearu- 
aidh  dc'n  (Ihàidhealtachd;  ach  tha  sinn  a' 
faighinn  cunnlas  gu'm  bhel  an  gaiseadh 
anns  a'  bhuntàta  ann  an  àitean. 

Tha  iasgach  an  sgadain  gu  math  air  dcir- 
cadli  am  bliadhna.  Ged  a  chaidh  niòrau  a 
ghlacadli  ann  an  ùitean,  cha 'n 'eil  e  idir 
cho  math  's  a  blia  c  mu'u  tide  so  an  uiridh. 

Tiia  an  aimsir  glc  fhliuch  am  bitheantas. 

Air  a'  mhios  a  chaidh  seachad  bha  crith- 


;  ìaxa,  Mio3  an  Fhogharaidh,  1872. 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


185 


C  ;h;ilmhuinn  ann  an  àiteiin  de  'n  Ghaidheal- 
;aclid,  ach  cha  deach  c.ill  sam  bith  a  dhean- 
imh. 


NITHE  NUADH  AGUS  SEAN. 
Thuir  grliflh  do  na  h  uile;  dean  enrbsa  rf 
beagan;  na  dean  olc  do  iieach;  bi  a'd'  fhear 
dùlain  an  neart  ni 's  mo  na 'n  cleacbda'di; 
agus  glèidh  do  chaiaidfo  inchair  do  bbeatha 
fèin;  fuilinir  bacadh  air  son  a  bbi  sàmhach 
agus  na  togar  cis  dhiot  a  chaoidh  air  son  a 
bhi  labhrach. 

Facail  's  am  bith  anns  am  bbeil  tbu  ag 
innseadb  do  sgeòii  mur  'eil  iad  atoirt  do 
mhuinntir  eile  na  brigh  a  tha  thu  fein  a' 
toirt  asda,  dia'n'eil  thu  a'  d'  fhear  labhaiit  na 
fìrinn  o  d'  chridhe. 

Tha  neart  agus  urram  duinea'  comh-sheas- 

amh  'n  a  reuson ;  tha  gach  ni  a  dhorchaicheas 

t  no  a  mhilleas  an  comas  inntinn   luachmhor 

Ì  so,  a' lagachadh,a'lughdatliadh,'sa' deananih 

I  Beach  suaracli. 

[!      Seakgaidh  maise  ann  an  ùine  ghcìirr,  ach 
r  mairidh  subhailc  agus  tahinn  maille  ruiun, 
Nagus  mar  a's  aosda  a  tlia  eina  a'  fas  's  ann 
a's  fearr  a  tha  ihd  a'  dol. 

Tha  Bòidhichead  ni's  miosa  na  deoch 
liiidir;  tha  i  a'  cur  an  neach  anns  am  hheil  i 
agus  an  ncach  a  tha  'g  amharc  oirrc  air  mhisg. 


TGIMHSEACHAI>^. 

1.  T]>a  mi  ni 's  airde  na  beanutaibh  an 

domhain, 
Agus  gun  bhreug  thamoleudyun  tomlias, 
Cumaidh  'n  sealgear  mi  suas,  'an  cluais 

a  ghunua, 
Ged  tha  mi  ni's  truime  na  mile  tunna. 

2.  Skird'  6  na  na  beanntan, 
'S  doimhne  e  na  'm  muir, 
'Sgi^ire  e  na"n  draighionn  dubb, 
'Smilse  e  na  'mhil. 

3.  Cha  n  eil  <;  muigli,  's  cha  n  cil  e  staigh, 
'Scha  tig  an  taigh  ds  eugmhais. 

4.  Tri  bà  breaca  'n  cois  nan  leaca. 

Nach  do  bhleodhnadh  deur  d'  am  bainne 
riamh. 
Ò.    Tha  bean  thorrach  'sa'  bhaile  ud  thall, 
'Sge  torrach  i,  cha  bheir  i  clann; 
Olaidh  i  'm  fion  bharr  a  boise, 
'S  caol  a  coise  troimli  a  ceann. 
6.   Teadhar  fhada  bhhn 
'S  i  'n  a  liimh  daonnan. 
Freagajrtean  do  na  Toimhseachain  anns 
an  t  seathamh  kireamh  de'N  Ghaii>heal. 
J.  Botul  uisge  bheatha. 

2.  Uaireadair. 

3.  An  corraii  buana. 

4.  An  t  uisge  's  roth  a'  mbuilinn. 

5.  An  hiath  a  falach  nan  eighlean. 

6.  Cearc. 


SOP  AS  GACH  SEID. 
'S  ann  an  uair  a'  s  gainne  'm  biadh  is  coir  a 

roinn. 
'S  mine  m.in  na  gran;  's  mine  mnai  na  fir. 
'S  e   lionmhoireachd    na  làimhe  a  ni   obair 

aotrom. 
Ma  their  rni  fhèin  'Hhu'  ri  mo  chu,  their  a'  h- 

uile  fear  e. 
Ma  their  thu  na  's  l^ir  dhuit,  their  thu  na  's 

nhir  leat. 
'S  call  caillich  a  poca,  's  gun  tuilleadh  a  bhi 

aice. 
fs  sàmbach  an  obair  a'  dol  a  dholaidh. 
S  fearr  pilleadh  "am  meadhon  an  alha  no  bath- 

adh  uile. 
Niiirc  nam  maighdeannan  an  luirgnibh  nan 

cailleachan. 
Tha  thu  cho  breugach  's  a  tha  an  luch  cho 

bradach. 
Tuitidh  ton  cadar  da  chathair;  's  tigheadas 

eadar  dh,  mhuinntir. 
Na  toir  droch  mheas  air  mac  luideagach,  no 

air  loth  pheallagach. 
'N  uair  a  chailleas  duine  a  stòras  cha  'n  fhiii 

a  sheòladh  no  a  chomhairleachadh. 
'S  ann  aig  an  duine  fein  a'sfeàirfìosc' iiitam 

bheil  a  bhròg  'g  a  ghoirteachadh. 

FREAGAIRTEAN. 

Slàn  iomradh  air  "Callum  a'  Ghlinne." 
Fhuair  sinn  an  litir  mhodhail,shuairce  'chuir 
e  thugainn.  Chi  e  gu'm  bheil  sinn  a  dean- 
amh  ieuma  dc  phùirt  de  na  bha  innte.  Gabh- 
aidh  sinn  an  còrr  uaithe  fhathast;  ach  's  eug- 
ainn  duinu  inn*eadh  da  gur  mur  a's  fearr 
ieinn  na  seann  thoimhscachain,  ua  an  f  headh- 
ainn  iira,  se  sin  mar  a  bi  an  fheadhainn  ùra 
tìor  mhath.  Chi  "  Callum"  gii'm  bheil  finn 
a  sgrlobhadh  beatha  "Challuim  a'  Ghlinne." 
Ach  'siomadh  bonaid  gorm  a  lb' air  an  fheill, 
a's  air  an  aubhar  sin  tuigidh  "Callum"  nach 
e  bheatha  sa  'tha  againr.e  'n  ar  beachd. 
Coma  co-dhiu,  "'Chalìum"  lean  thusa  air 
àbhachd  do  shinnseir,  agus.  cuimhnicb  ged  a 
thachras  iomadh  bodachan  gnu  riut  aig  am 
bheil  fuath  do  gach  ni  dhe'n  t  seòrsa,  nach 
"toir  iad  fo'n  iiir  na's  miigh'  na  bheir 
Callum." 

Chi  "Gille  nan  rann"  gum  bheil  siun'a 
toirt  "Slàn  le  Fionn-airidh  anns  a'  Bheurla. 
Bithidh  ar  luchd-leughaidh  toilichte 
FAILTE  fhaighinn  anns  A'  GuAiDHEALair 
a'  mbiosso,bho  an  "SGIATHANACH"  air 
an  romh  mùran  diubh  eòlach  anns  an  t-seann 
"Chuairtear." 

Tha  R.  B.  ag  iarruidh  oirnn  a  leth-sgeul  a 
ghabhail  ri  ar  luchd-leughaidh  air  son  niear- 
achd  beag  a  rinn  e  anns  an  àireamh  mu  dheir- 
eailh  a  \haobh  bèis  an  OUamh  Leòdaich. 
Chaochail  an  t-Ollamh  Mac  Leòid  air  IGmh 
is  cha-n  ann  air  an  19mh  mar  tha  air  a  chur 
sios. 


186  AN  GAIDHEAL. 


DaraMlosanFho 


OPtAN  MOLAIDH  DO  CHOMUNN  NAN  GAIDHEAL  ANN  Ai 
BAILE  THORONTO. 

Le  Eoghan  Mac-Cholla. 

Clad  fàilte  air  Coniunn  nan  armnnn  deas,  foinnidh, 

Ni  diitbcbas  an  ath'raicliean  'cburaail  a  suas, 
Seann  dùtbclias  nan  Gàidbeal,  an  cliii  a's  an  canain — 

A'  cbainnt  sin  a  tbàinig  Ijbo  Adbainh  a  nuas — 
Mar  Bud  a's  an  t-eideadli,  air  srùid  no  air  sleibbte, 

Ta  uallacb,  deas,  eutrora — grinn,  greadbnacb  an  snuadb; 
Sàr-ebomunn  mo  cbridbel  cba'n  iogbuadb  ged  bbitbinn 

'An  so,  mar  is  dbgheacb,  a'  guidbe  leo  buaidh. 

Mo  gb;iol  na  fir  iira  nacb  cuireadb  an  cùl-tbaobb 

Ri  Ceob-aidb  an  dùlbcba — fìor  dbiitbaicb  nam  Bard: 
Bbo  mbac  rigb  na  Fèinne  gu  Donnacba  Ban  geur-bbinn, 

Co  'n  tir  sin  fo  'n  gbrein  air  a  b-aosdàin  bbeir  bàrr? 
Co'n  neach  leis  nacb  solas  j^bi  'n  cuideacbd  lucbd  òrain? 

Deagb  iomradb  'n  an  cònibradb  mo  stor  agus  m'  àgb; 
Bi  'bb  sil)bse  nis  dileas  do  cbleacbdiiinu  co  rlogliail, 

'S  a  cbaoidb  cba  teid  dltb  air  caiunt  gbriuu  nam  beann-àrd. 

€ba  'n  eòl  domb  toil-inntinn  is  mo  na  bbi  cluinntiun 

Piob  mbòr  nan  dos  cnaimb-gbcal  is  fonnmboire  fuaim; 
'N  uair  tbeid  i  gu  combraidb  air  faicbe  no  'n  seòmar 

B'  e'u  ceòl  tbar  gacb  ceòl  learn  a  tòrman  'nam  cbluais; 
X  am  lannan  a  rùsgadb,  's  na  b-àrmuin  do  'n  run  i 

Air  naimbdean  a'  briicbdadb  le  gnùisean  gun  gbruaim, 
Suas  "Gillean  an  Fbcile"  air  pioban  deagb-gbleusacb, 

'S  cba  duilicb  ri  leughadb  co  'n  taobb  a  gbeibb  buaidb ! 

'S  iad  cleacbduinn  nacb  miosa  gu  neartacbadb  cbriosa 

'Bbi  tilgeadb  nan  Cabar  's  a'  cur  na  Cloicb-neirt: 
'S  e  sid  a  rinn  làidir  ar  u-atbraicbean  ta'cbdacb— 

Mo  tbruaigb  iad  'tbig  ceàrr  orr'  a'  stàibnn  nan  glac! 
Am  fear  leis  an  snaracb  'bbi  'galtrum  no  luaidb  air 

Gacb  lùtb-cbleas  grinn  uasal  ta  'n  uair  so  'n  ur  beacbd, 
Cba  deanainu  a  cbàineadb,  ged  's  cinuteaob  a  ta  mi 

Gur  siocbaire  grannd'  e  de  db-àl  air  bbeag  tblacbd. 

Ged  's  mitbicb  nis  dbòmb-sa  'bbi  'criocbnacbadb  m'  òrain, 

Tba  tuille  gu  leòir  a  bu  mbiann  leara  a  ràdb 
Mu  dbeigbinn  ua  tir  sin  tba  daonan  air  m'  inntinn — 

Seann  Albaiun  do-cbiosnaicbt',  do  'n  fbirinn  tbug  grùdb, 
Ciad  soraidb  tbar  cbuan  bbuam  'g  a  b-ionnsuidb,  mo  cbruadal! 

Bbi  'n  so  mar  cun  fuadain  fad'  uaip' — acb  ged  'tba, 
Mq  'n  tcid  as  mo  smuainteau  tir  àluiun  nan  cruacb-bbeanu 

Bitbidb  'n  cridhe  so  f uar  anns  an  luaitbre  a'  cnàmh ! 


ENGLISH  DEPAKTMENT. 


SEPTEMBER,    1872. 


E  HISTORY  OF  THE  HIGH- 
LANDS. 

lere  are  few  things  more  import- 
» the  Gael  at  this  moment  than 
history  of  his  country.  It  does 
as  if  the  language  of  the  Gael 
destined  to  be  stamped  out  ere 
If  the  history  of  the  Highlands 
the  Highland  people  is  not  written 
|l  after  that  stamping  out  has  taken 
,  I  have  no  hesitation  in  saying 
it  never  will  be  written.  No  one 
fT'ending  to  any  acquaintance  with 
h  subject,  acknowledges  that  there  is 
H]  real  history  of  the  Highlands  in 
»rt.  There  are  books  on  the  subject, 
re  valuable  in  their  way,  and  deserv- 
u  to  be  carefully  studied,  if  it  were 
)F  to  see  how  very  little  they  contain 
jfjal  Highland  history,  and  to  realise 
bl  duty  devolving  upon  the  present 
»(eration  of  Highlanders.  What  has 
b(a  printed  on  this  subject  may  almost 
b(  placed  under  this  one  head, — ^just 
wit  was  necessary  to  the  history  of 
Ejland  and  of  the  Saxon  court  in 
Stìand. 

iVhere  are  we  to  look  for  the  mate- 
ris  with  which  to  build  up  the  very 
ijjortant  edifice  of  Highland  history? 
ilm  afraid  we  are  not  so  fortunate  in 
t  s  respect  as  the  Irish  have  been.  Ire- 
1;  d  has  been  very  much  in  the  same 
F'dicament  with  the  Highlands  in  so 
f  as  that  her  history,  as  written,  has 
Im  just  the  western  skirt,  or  fringe,  or 
f/ters  of  the  History  of  England,  and 
irped,  twisted  and  torn  to  suit  the 
Irposes  of  the  garment  to  which  it 
Ts  the  draggled  fringe.  When  the 
tmachaidh  of  Erinn  bethought  them 


of  their  duty  in  this  respect,  what  did 
they  do?  They  set  about  ascertaining 
and  arranging  the  native  materials, 
chiefly  in  manuscript.  Their  country 
had  its  own  historians,  its  story-tellers 
and  its  bards :  it  had  its  schools  and  its 
places  of  retreat  for  the  learned  classes. 
But,  just  as  with  us,  these  sources  of 
information  were  ignored  by  the  writers 
whose  compositions  were  accepted  in 
England  and  Scotland  as  Irish  history. 
Even  so  patriotic — or  pseudo-patriotic — 
a  man  as  Tom  Moore  wrote  a  "History 
of  Ireland,"  for  the  English  booksellers, 
and  that  work  is  accepted  as  genuine 
history.  Subsequently  when  the  late 
piofessor  O'Curry  was  eng.ii^ed  on  the 
old  MSS.  of  his  country  in  the  rooms 
of  the  Royal  Irish  Academy,  the  late 
distinguished  archroologist,  Dr.  Petrie, 
and  Tom  Moore,  paid  him  a  visit.  The 
poet  asked  the  professor  what  those 
yellow  tomes  were  upon  which  he  was  so 
intent,  and  noticing  the  confusing 
characters  inserted  upon  their  pages, 
he  inquired  if  the  professor  could  de- 
cipher them.  O'Curry  gave  a  brief 
account  of  the  MS.  before  him,  and  of 
others  of  the  same  class,  telling  the 
poet  that  he  was  transcribing  and 
translating  it.  "  And  I,"  exclaimed 
the  poet,  "took  upon  me  to  write  the 
history  of  my  country,  and  yet  I  did 
not  know  of  the  existence  of  the  mate- 
rials from  which  it  should  have  been 
written !" 

For  a  number  of  years,  O'Curry  and 
O'Donnovau  were  engaged  upon  these 
MSS.,  making  facsimilies,  copies,  and 
translations.  Three  volumes  of  results 
have  appeared,  viz.,  ''  The  manuscript 
materials  of  Irish  History,"  and  two 


ISS 


THE  GAEL. 


Sept.,  1871 


volumes  of  tlie  Irish  "  Breliou  Laws." 
The  former  vohirae  consists  of  a  course 
of  lectures  by  O'Curry,  giviug  a  sort  of 
popular  introduction  to  tlie  various 
classes  of  Irish  MSS.,  tracing  their 
history,  their  subjects,  and  their  pre- 
sent places  of  keeping.  By  the  uhani- 
mous  testimony  of  all  competent  wit- 
nesses, this  is  one  of  the  most  valuable 
contributions  of  modern  times,  not  only 
to  Irish  history  and  archaiolog}',  but  to 
all  history.  It  is  a  work  of  which  the 
whole  Gaelic  race  has  reason  to  be 
proud  ;  and  more  than  that,  it  goes  to 
encourage  us  to  set  about  doing  for  our 
own  branch  of  the  Gaelic  people  what 
O'Curry  did  for  his. 

I  may  mention  here,  that  a  very  im- 
portant contribution  was  made  to  the 
materials  of  Irish  history  by  the  Ord- 
nance survey  of  Irpland,  although  that 
contribution  is  not  included  in  the 
volumes  to  which  I  refer.  Whilst  the 
survey  was  going  on,  such  men  as 
O'Curry  and  O'Donnovan  were  picked  up 
in  their  respective  localities,  the  one 
from  Clare  and  the  other  from  the 
southern  part  of  Kilkenny,  and  attached 
to  the  statF  of  surveyors,  for  the  purpose 
of  eliciting  and  utilizinj*  the  topo- 
graphy of  the  country.  Vast  stores  of 
materials  were  thus  collected  besides 
what  were  utilized  in  perfecting  the 
survey  records;  and  among  the  private 
MSS.  of  O'Curry  will  be  found 
treasures  little  inferior  to  what  he  has 
published  in  his  lectui-es.  It  is  to  be 
hoped  tliat  these  MSS.  will  not  be 
allowed  to  be  forgotten  and  lost. 

But  I  may  be  asked,  "  ^yhat  analogy 
is  there  Ijetween  our  case  and  that  of 
the  Irish  in  respect  to  MSS.?  We 
have  no  manuscripts  in  our  own 
tongue?"  Perhaps  not;  but  perhaps 
we  have.  There  is  not  very  long  since 
the  .same  thing  would  have  been  said  of 
Ireland.  She  liad  no  MSS.  until  they 
were  looked  for ;  and  when  looked  for, 
it  was  not  always  in  her  own  libraries 
they  were  found.     Some  of  them  were 


found  in  Eome,  some  in  Loraine,  somi 
at  Oxford,  and  others  at  Stowe  an(j 
elsewhere.  For  any  thing  we  know  a! 
this  moment,  there  are  scores  of  volume.) 
of  the  same  kind,  pertaining  to  ou.| 
country  in  the  Tower  of  London  and  ill 
Dumbarton  Castle.  What  were  th< 
records  which  Edward  carried  awj_ 
with  him  from  Scoilaud,  and  what  beii 
came  of  tlmm  ?  There  is  every  reasoè' 
to  believe  that  they  included  Gaelic 
records  and  other  native  productions. 
No  systematic  and  persistent  search 
has  been  made  for  them,  or  to  discover 
what  was  done  with  them.  This  is  an 
inquiry  which  I  would  call  upon  the 
Gaelic  Society  of  Inverness  to  under- 
take. And  to  enable  it  to  set  about  the 
work  in  a  business-like  way,  a  fund 
should  be  formed,  and  contributions 
obtained  even  outside  the  member- 
ship. 

But  there  are  traditions  still  extant 
in  the  country  which  require  to  be 
collected,  compared,  and  arranged ;  and 
there  are  the  legends  and  the  romances 
both  in  prose  and  verse,  which  must 
perish  with  the  Gaelic  tongue  if  it  is 
destined  so  to  go.  This  is  another  and 
very  important  duty  devolving  upon 
what  we  hope  wnll  shortly  be  recognised 
as  the  premier  Gaelic  Society,  having 
as  it  has  the  privilege  of  being  seated 
in  the  centre  of  the  Gaelic  country. 
The  country  must  be  mapped  out  for 
the  purpose  of  this  gathering,  and  the 
most  competent  men  in  each  district 
called  upon  to  render  service  in  this 
cause.  It  is  a  very  curious  thin^  that 
many  of  the  legends,  in  particular, 
which  O'Curry  mentions  as  existing  in 
Irish  MS.,  should  be  found  in  various 
stages  of  disentcgration,  and,  in  some 
cases,  apparently  in  a  more  perfect 
state,  in  tlie  more  secluded  glens  of  our 
mainland  and  in  the  most  flistant  and 
inaccessible  of  our  Western  Isles?  This 
suggests  the  desirableness  of  more  inter- 
communication and  co-operation  be- 
tween the  Gaelic  people  in  Scotland 


3ept.,  1872. 


THE  GAEL. 


189 


md  in  Ireland.     For  political  purposes, 
hey  have  been  systematically  antago- 
nized and  estranged ;  and  itis  nouncom- 
inon  thing  to  find  the  Irish  taking  up 
:he  missiles  prepared  by  the  English, 
lud  slinging  them  at  the  Highlanders, 
ust  as  Highlanders  lend  themselves  for 
(  purposes  of  English  prejudice  to  assail 
j  :he  Irish.    No  history  of  the  Highlands, 
■  Worthy  of  its  subject,  can  possibly  be 
put  together,  under  the  influence  of  the 
1  intagonism  to  which  I  refer.     In  the 
iame  way!  must  apprise  our  friends  in 
Ireland  of  the  loss  they  also  sustain  by 
yielding  to  that  vandal  feeling  in  Eng- 
land which  sets  Irish  hands  to  scratch 
the  eyes  out  of  Highland  heads.     It  is 
only  with  the  assistance  to  be  had  from 
the  old  Gaelic   story-tellers  in    Barra 

||and  Kintail,  that  some  of  the  Irish 
(shoicest  legends  can  be  restored  to  any- 
'tliing  like  their  original  i_>roportions  and 
finish.  This  we  know ;  and  many  more 
things  pointing  to  this  interdependence, 
arc  equally  certain,  though  not  yet 
quite  so  well  known. 

There  is  another  analogy,  however, 
between  the  case  of  Ireland  and  our  own 
which  I  must  mention  here,  viz.,  the 
bearing  of  the  Ordnance  Survey.  This 
survey  is  at  present  going  on  in  the 
Highlands.  Can  any  one  tell  what  is 
being  done  to  fix  the  topography,  to 
elicit  the  traditions  which  may  be  said 
to  hang  upon  the  topography,  and  to 
preserve  the  scraps  of  lore  which  cannot 
fail  to  turn  up  in  the  course  of  search- 
ing for  the  meaning  and  the  origin  of 
the  names  of  places  ?  Here  is  an  ad- 
mirable opportunity  afforded  for  col- 
lecting vast  quantities  of  the  choicest 
materials  for  Highland  history.  But  to 
,be  turned  to  account,  we  must  set  com- 
:  peteut  men  to  the  work.  Have  we 
I  done  so?  Or  have  we  given  the  sub- 
'  ject  a  moment's  consideration  ? 

I   have   been   told    that   there   are 

several  Gaelic-speaking  men  employed 

-  on  the  Ordnance  Survey,  and  that  some 

of  them  are  devoted  in  a  measure  to 


the  work  of  elucidating  Gaelic  names. 
I  am  further  informed  that  at  the  head 
office  there  is  a  competent  Gaelic 
scholar  through  whose  hands  every- 
thing of  this  kind  is  made  to  pass  ere  it 
is  acceiDted  as  settled;  and  that  in  a 
book  accompanying  each  section  of  the 
survey  maps,  there  is  a  sort  of  digest 
given  of  the  topography.  This  is  very 
interesting,  gratifying,  and  valuable, 
so  far  as  it  gots;  but  there  will  be  a 
great  quantity  of  matter,  as  I  have 
said,  turned  up  in  the  course  of  the 
Ordnance  inquiries  which,  although 
irrelevant  to  the  purpose  of  the  in- 
quirers, should  be  carefully  preserved, 
and  in  our  present  chaotic  state,  we 
do  not  know  what  on  earth  has 
been  done  so  as  to  insure  its  preserva- 
tion. I  would  here  suggest  that 
the  Secretary  to  the  Inverness  Gaelic 
Society  should  be  instructed  to  write 
to  Mr.  Carpenter,  of  the  Ordnance 
Survey  at  Southampton,  to  ascertain 
what  is  being  done,  and  what  further  is 
necessary  to  be  done  towards  turning 
the  work  now  in  hand  to  the  best  ac- 
count for  the  purposes  of  Gaelic  His- 
tory, philology  and  archa3ology.  At 
the  same  time,  the  Society  should 
establish  relations,  as  quickly  as  possi- 
ble, with  the  officers  of  the  Survey 
over  the  countrjs  not  only  for  the  sake 
of  the  objects  for  which  the  Society 
exists,  but  in  the  hope  of  being  of  some 
service  in  rendernig  the  Survey  itself  all 
the  more  perfect. 

Without  moral  or  philosophy,  I  leave 
these  hurried  suggestions  to  be  pondered 
by  the  readers  of  The  Gael. 


A  FRAGMENT  OF  OSSIANIC 
POETRY. 

Through  the  kind  attention  of  a 
correspondent  in  Lochalsh  we  are  glad 
to  be  able  to  present  to  the  attention  of 
our  readers  a  genuine  fragment  of  Ossi- 
ajiic    poetry    that    has    never    before 


190 


THE  GAEL. 


api)eared  in  print,  the  very  existence  of 
which,  indeed,  is  known  to  very  few. 
It  is  exceedingly  interesting  as  a  relic 
of  ancient  poetry,  for  ancient  it  uiKjues- 
tionably  is,  presenting  in  every  line 
abundant  internal  evidence  of  be- 
ing the  composition  of  a  very  remote 
period.  It  has  all  the  characteristics  of 
the  poems  attributed  to  O.ssian,  the  son 
of  Fingal,  nor  will  Celtic  scholars  fail  to 
perceive  its  bearing  upon  the  still 
unsettled  controversy  as  to  the  authen- 
ticity and  genuineness  of  the  poems  of 
the  Bard  of  Morven.  One  gladly  wel- 
comes even  the  feeblest  ray  of  light  or 
elucidation  of  what  many  still  persist 
in  considering  a  dark  and  mysterious 
guestio  vexata.  Of  the  history  of  this 
fragment  our  correspondent,  a  poet 
himself  of  no  mean  order,  writes  as 
follows: — "I  have  much  pleasure  in 
sending  you  annexed  a  piece  of  very  old 
poetry — Osiàanic  I  think.  It  was  taken 
down  from  the  recitation  of  an  old 
tailor  who  died  in  Kintail  a  few  years 
ago.  I  do  not  know  where  another 
copy  of  it  could  be  found,  except  one  I 
sent  some  years  ago  to  the  Rev.  Thomas 
Maclauchlan,  now  Dr.  Maclauchlau  of 
Edinburgh.  I  shall  be  curious  to  hear 
what  you  think  of  it." 

BARUACHD  DHEIREANNACH 
OISEIN. 

(a  fragment.) 
Seisear  sinne  saor  o  shliochd, 

Seisear  nach  do  smaoinich  lochd, 
Chaidh  fear  dheth  'n  t-seisir  fo  lie, — 

'S  mòr  fàth  mo  chlisgidh  'noehd. 

Coigear  sinne  a'  del  air  ghleus, 

Sud  e  li-ugad  Righ  na  Greig, 
O'n  's  dearbiita  dlminn  a  del  air  chuairt, 

Bhuineadh  uainne  fear  dheth  -n  trend. 

Ceathrar  sinn  a'  sealg  re  seal, 

A  bhuidheanu  anna  'nach  gabh  gior; 

Air  clio  cruaidh  's  dan  cuirte  leinn  cath, 
Bhuineadh  uainne  fear  dheth  na  fir. 

Triuir  sinn  'an  gniomhan  cor, 
'G  aithrÌB  thairis  air  chleas  arm, 

8hiubhail  a'  ghrian  o  ear  gu  iar, 
'S  bhuineadh  u«iimt  'n  triath  gua  ohealg. 


Suidhidh  sinn  'nar  dithis  a  muigh; 

Sgaoilidh  sinn  fo  'nar  gean : 
Thainig  an  t  Aog  mar  bu  dlighe, 

'S  bhuin  e  uarns'  an  dara  fear. 

Mise  'nam  aonar  'nan  deigh, 

Cha  bheatha  dbon:h  ach  am  bàs, 

Cha  tainig  air  thalamh  'nuas 

Aon  neach  leis  nach  cruaidh  an  cà 

'S  mi  'n  aon  chnò  cli-fhas  's  a  'mhojj 
Gun  chnò  eile  n  am  fhasgath; 

'S  gearr  mo  bhogadh  gu  tuiteam, 
'S  a'  ghaoth  dol  fodham  gu  farsuci 

'S  mi  'n  aon  chraobh  a  dh-fhas  's  a' 
Mar  stoc  a  bhuaileas  an  fenn ; 

Cha  bheathu  dhomh  ach  am  bas, 
'S  mairg  'ga  fàgar  a'  làmh  lom. 

Caoilte,  Goll,  agus  Oorraidh, 
Agus  Oscar  uallach,  slios-gheal, 

Mise  's  Ruidhne  o'n  a'  mheann-bhei 
Gum  b'e  sud  ainm  an  t-seisir. 

So  interested  are  we  in  the  abov 
we  subjoin  for  the  benefit  of  ou 
lish  readers  a  translation  which  w 
somewhat  hurriedly  this  afterno( 
is  tolerably  literal,  and  the  sen 
manner  and  tone  of  the  original 
found  reproduced  with  cousic 
fidelity.  The  difficulty  of  doing 
to  such  compositions  in  any  trans 
however  laboured,  is  very  great, 
who  have  ever  tried  it  will  : 
admit : — 

OSSIAN'S  "SONG  OF  SORROW 
HIS  OLD  AGE. 

(a  fragmbnt.) 
Six  childless  men  were  wo,  who  ne'er  < 
harm — 
A  brave  and  blameless  life  we  lived 
But  one  of  us  soon  slept  beneath  the 
Remembering  him  this  night  I'm  ■ 
wae. 

Five  were  we  now,  five  warriors  of  r 
Woe  to  the  foe  that  dared  to  beard  i 

Death  came  again,  as  he  had  come  b 
Another  hero  vanished  from  our  \ 

We  then  vrere/our,  hunting  the  fore 
Fair  were  the  arms  our  good  righi 
did  wield ; 


THE  GAEL. 


191 


ilin  valour  saves  not  from  all  scaitli — 
tlier  warrior  fell  in  battle-field. 

m  were  three,  far-famed  for  valorous 

3ds ; 

s  o'er  their  harps  sang  of  our  feats  the 

die, 

2  pursued  his  course  from  east  to  west, 
iost  another — chief  withouten  guile ! 

-J  >  then  sat  upon  the  green  hill-side 
"a  all  we  love  we're  fated  still  to  part) ; 

Death,  unlooked  for,  came  again, 
mljtook  the  sole  companion  of  my  heart. 

i  alone,  the  last  of  that  brave  band ; 
3mbering  other  years,  I  sit  and  mourn ; 
ted  we  must  die,  but  still  'tis  sad, 

3  the  j  ourney  whence  shall  none  return. 

nut  cluster  on  the  hazel  bough, 
[ast  nut  I— the  rest  are  fall'n  and  gone, 
to  fall,  I  tremble  in  the  breeze, 
wandering  through  the  woods  makes 
rie  moan. 

t  tree  of  the  clump  upon  the  hill, 

and  withered,  I  stand  all  alone, 
1 1  loved  are  gone,  and  soon  must  I 
jlhke  the  leaves  that  on  the  earth  are 
rown. 

bold,  and  Oorrie  brave,  and  Gaul, 
Oscar  fleet  of  foot  and  fair  of  skin, 
and  Euno,  from  the  hill  of  fawns — 
le  were  the  Six  in  love  and  Wiir  akin. 

;g  to  call  attention  to  the  exceed- 

3auty  of  the  sixth,  seventh,  and 

hi  quatrains  of  the  above  in  the 

'q<.al  Gaelic.     Every  Gaelic  scholar 

Igree  with  us  that  it  is  altogether 

D'Sible  adequately  to  reproduce  them 

£y  other  language;  and  yet  how 

%  and  obvious  is  their  meaning; 

(P'xpressive  they  are;  how  exqui- 

il  natural  and  simple  and  tender  in 

ii  native  form  !     It  will  probably 

ii  to  the  reader  conversant  with  the 

\r  of  Ossian,  to  ask — If  Ossian,  the 

n  of  "  Fingal,"  "  Calodin,"  &c.,  is 

t^uthor,  how   happens  it  that  he 

ibes  himself,  as  well  as  his  five 

mions,    as    "  Childless,"    "  Saor 

Lochd,"  sine  prole f    He  was  the 

:  of  Oscar,  and  Oscar  is  mentioned 


with  praise  and  pride  as  one  of  the 
heroic  band  commemorated  in  the 
fragment.  How  then  could  Ossian 
speak  of  himself  as  "  childless,"  with  a 
son,  and  such  a  son  as  Oscar  too,  by  his 
side  ?  The  only  plausible  explanation 
seems  to  be  that  the  Oscar  here  men- 
tioned is  not  the  son  of  Ossian,  but 
another  warrior  of  the  Fingalians  of  the 
same  name — an  earlier  Oscar  than  the 
poet's  son,  for  Ossian  describes  this 
Oscar  and  himself  as  close  companions 
on  the  war-path  and  in  the  chase,  when 
both  were  in  their  strength  and  prime. 
Or  is  it  possible  that  the  author  of  these 
verses  was  not  Ossian,  but  a  later 
bard  of  the  Fingalian  period  who  hav- 
ing outlived  the  companions  of  his 
youth,  and  fallen  on  evil  days,  finds 
mournful  consolation  in  sunning  him- 
self in  the  "■  light  of  long  departed 
years,"  and  commemorating  the  deeds 
of  more  heroic  times.  Eten  admitting 
that  the  poem  is  not  the  composition 
of  Ossian  himself,  but  of  a  somewhat 
later  and  inferior  bard,  it  rather  gains 
than  loses  in  interest  on  that  account. 
It  is  unquestionably  a  fragment  of  Fin- 
galian poetry,  entitled  at  least  to  rank 
with.  Semi  Dana  ov  ''Ancient  Lays,"  and 
manifesting  in  every  line  the  stamp  and 
impress' of  a  very  remote  period,  just  as 
a  celt  of  stone  or  bronze  connects  us 
with  pre-historic  times.  Another  solu- 
tion of  the  difiiculty  we  have  been 
considering,  has  been  suggested  to 
us,  since  writing  the  above  by  an  old 
Glencoe  man,  a  great  Secmachaiclk 
and  repository  of  ancient  folk-lore, 
whom  we  happened  to  meet  during  an 
evening  ride  this  afternoon.  He  sug- 
gests that  the  word  " SHochcV  should 
be  taken  here  not  in  its  primary,  but 
in  its  secondary  sense — "Saor  o 
Shliochd" — not  meaning,  as  he  opines, 
childless,  buttribeless,  without  followers; 
the  bard  and  his  five  companions  hav- 
ing voluntarily  banded  themseves  to- 
gether for  a  time,  that  they  might 
acquire  the  greater  glory  by  their  un- 


19: 


THE  GAEL. 


assisted  exploits  in  war  and  in  the 
cliase.  This  he  says,  was  a  common 
practice  among  the  ancient  Gaels,  and 
he  instanced  an  old  and  well  known 
Sgeulachd  in  which  a  number  of  3^oung 
men  are  represented  as  banding  them- 
selves together,  a  sort  of  "Free  Lances," 
who  set  out  in  quest  of  adventures  and 
greatly  distinguish  themselves  for  the 
•space  of  "a  j'ear  and  a  day."  The 
abrnpt  apostrophe  in  the  second  line 
of  the  second  quatrain  is  curious. 
Even  granting  that  the  Fingalians  may 
have  heard  of  Greece  and  Ptorae,  the 
mention  of  the  "King  of  Greece"  in 
such  a  composition  seems  odd  and  out 
of  place.  We  rather  incline  to  believe 
it  to  be  a  corniption  of  the  text  that 
crept  into  the  piece  while  floating  on 
the  stream  of  oral  recitation.  A  con- 
jectural mention  would  be — 

Sud  iad  h  ugacl  Pagli  na  Fein'. 

meaning,  These  then  were  the  warriors 
to  uphold  thy  cause  and  bring  honour 
to  thy  race,  thou  King  of  the  Fingal- 
ians !  We  have  given  the  poem,  how- 
ever, just  as  it  came  into  our  hands, 
"  with  all  its  imperfections  on  its  head." 
The  difficulties  we  have  been  consider- 
ing, if  they  are  to  be  regarded  as 
blemishes,  seem  to  us  also  to  point  very 
conclusively  to  the  authenticity  and 
genuineness  of  the  fragment  as  a  whole. 
— Nether- Lochaber  Correspondent  of 
Inverness  Courier. 


FAREWELL  TO  FINAEY. 


Eirirh  agun  tiuqainn,  0, 
Eirich  agus  tiitgainn,  0, 
Eirkh  agus  tiugainn,  0, 
Farewell,  farewell,  to  Fiiiary. 

The  wind  is  fair,  the  day  is  fine, 

Swiftly;  swiftly,  runs  the  time; 

The  ^5oat  is  floatini;  on  the  tide, 

Tha,t.  .wafts  me  off  from  Finary. 

Eirich  agus,  &c. 


A  thousand,  thonsaud  tender  tics — 
Accept  this  day  my  plaintive  sighs; 
My  heart  within  me  almost  dies 

At  thoiiglit  of  leaving  Fiaary. 
Eirich  agus,'  &c. 
With  pensive  steps  I've  often  strolled 
Where  Tingal's  Castle  stood  of  old. 
And  listened  while  the  shepherds  told   . 

The  legend  talcs  of  Finary. 
Eirich  agus,  &c. 
I've  often  paused  at  close  of  day, 
Where  Ossian  sang  his  mart>al  lay ; 
And  viewed  the  sun's  departing  raj^, 

WandVing  o'er  Dun  Finary, 
Eirich  agus,  &c. 
AlU-na-CailUch's  gentle  stream. 
That  murmers  sweetly  through  the  greei 
What  happy,  joyful  days  I've  seen, 

Beside  the  banks  of  Finary. 
Eirich  agus,  &c. 
Farewell,  ye  hills  of  storm 'and  sno^v, 
The  wild  resorts  of  deer  and  roe ; 
In  peace  the  heath  cock  long  may  crow^ 

Alon?  the  banks  of  Finary. 
Eirich  agus,  &c. 
'Tis  not  the  hills  nor  woody  vales 
Alone  my  joyless  heart  bewails; 
A  mournful  group  this  day  remains 

Within  the  manse  of  Finary 
Eirich  agus,  &c. 
Can  I  forget  Glenturret's  name? 
Farewell,  dear  father,  best  of  men ; 
May  heavens  joys  with  thee  remain 

Within  the  manse  of  Finary. 
Eirich  agus,  &c. 
■Mother! — a  name  to  me  so  dear — 
Must  I,  must  I  leave  thy  care, 
And  try  a  world  that's  full  of  snares, 

Far, 'far  from  thee  and  Finary  1 
Eirich  agus,  &c. 
Brother  of  my  love,  farewell; 
Sisters,  all  your  griefs  conceal ; 
Your  tears  suppress — your  sorrows  quell. 

Be  hai-ipy  while  at  Finary. 
Eirich  agus,  &c. 
Archibald,  my  darling  child. 
May  heaven  thy  infant  footsteps  guide, 
Should  I  return,  0  may  1  find 

Thee  smiling  still  at  Finary. 
Eirich  agus,  &c. 
0  must  I  leave  these  happy  scenes! 
See  they  spread  the  flapping  sails! 
Adieu,  adieu  my  native  plains ; 

Farewell,  farewell  to  Finary. 
Eirich  agus,  cfcc. 


ept.lS72. 


THE  GAEL. 


193 


NEWS  OF  THE  HIGHLANDS  AND 
ISLANDS. 

The  deer  forest  and  shootings  of  Glen- 
itrathfarar,  belonging  to  Lord  Lovat,  in  the 
arish  of  Kihnorack,  Inverness-shire,  have 
een  let  to  Mr.  Weyness,  an  American 
entleman.  at  an  animal  rent  of  £4000. 
Dingwall. — At  the  Quarter  Sessions  of 
le  County  of  Ross,  held  on  Tuesday,  Mr. 
lex.  Hay,  solicitor,  Dingwall,  was  appoint- 
i  Procurator-Fiscal  of  the  Justice  ot  Peace 
ourt,  in  room  of  Mr.  John  Shaw,  vrho  had 
isigned. 

Important  Exchangk  of  La>:ds  in  Inver- 
Ess-SHiRE. — We  unilerstand  that  Mr  Bailie 
iQchfour,  and  Sir  J.  W.  I'amsden,  Bart., 
ave  made  an  aggreement  for  the  exchange 
fthe  former's  lands  within  tlie  parish  of 
aggan,  for  the  latter  in  the  parishes  of  In- 
erness  and  Dores.  The  value  cf  the  lands 
id  others  so  to  be  exchanged,  are  common- 
reported  ro  be  worth  on  either  side  up- 
irds  of  £200,000. 

'tkince  Charles  &  Flora  Macdonalr. — 
must  notice  a  popular  and  poetical  delusion 
)Olit  Prince  Charles  and  Flora  Macdonald. 
Diig-writers  and  painters  have  fancied,  and 
ade  other  people  believe,  that  Flora  went 
andcring  about  with  the  Prince  for  a  con- 
derable  time,  watching  over  his  sleep  in 
ives,  in  a  kind  of  Juan  and  Haidee  fashion, 
lapted  to  the  Highland  meridian.  Now, 
1  this  hap])cns  to  be  mere  imagination;  and 
the  reality  is  quite  romantic  enough, 
id  at  the  same  time  perfectly  respect 
)le,  I  think,  being  something  of  a  Platonist, 
at  these  inaccurate  representation  of  poets 
id  painters  ought  to  be  discouraged.  In 
)mt  of  fart.  Flora,  was  but  two  nùjlds  in 
impany  with  the  Prince.  The  first  night 
as  on  board  the  open  boat  that  carried  him 
d  her  ami  Neil  Macdonald  (father  of  Mar- 
ill  Macdonald,  Duke  of  Tarentum)  from 
snbecula  to  Skye,  The  second  night  was 
the  house  ofI\liss  Flora's  future  father-in- 
vr,  the  brave  old  Macdonald  of  Kingsburg. 
1  the  following  day  she  escorted  the  Prince 
Portree,  and  that  night,  "he  slipped  out 
the, house,"  says  Boswell,  "leaving  his 
ir  protectress,  whom  he  never  again  saw." 
■'W."  in  .Scolsman. 

Wallace's  Sv/ord — The  Countess  of 
tadon  arrived  at  Kilmarnock  from  England 
Tuesday  night  last,  on  her  way  to  Loud- 
n  Castle.  The  Coun  tess  brought  with  her 
)m  England  the  sword  of  Wallace.     This 


sword  has  been  preserved  at  Loudoun  Castle 
from  the  Death  of  Wallace  until  five  years 
back,  when  it  was  removed  by  the  late 
Marquis  of  Hastings  to  his  seat  in  Leicester- 
shire. On  the  death  of  the  Marquis  in 
1868  it  passed  into  the  possession  of  the 
present  Countess.  The  mother  of  Wallace 
was  a  daughter  of  Loudoun,  and  on  the 
death  of  his  uncle,  Sir  Reginald  Crawford 
of  Loudoun  (hanged  by  the  English  at  Ayr), 
Wallace  had  the  custody  of  his  only 
daughter,  Susannah  Crawford  of  Loudoun, 
who  married  a  son  of  Sir  Neil  Campbell,  of 
Argyll,  and  was  ancestress  of  the  present 
Countess  of  Loudoun,  the  hereditary  cus- 
todian of  the  sword  of  William  Wallace. 

Nationality  of  our  Regiments. — A  re- 
turn just  before  Parliament  gives  the 
nationality  of  the  various  officers  in  the 
different  regiments  of  our  army,  There  are 
altogether  ^5982  English,  809  Scotch,  and 
1711  Irish.  In  none  of  the  regiments  do 
the  Scotch  officers  show  a  preponderence 
save  in  the  Highland  regiments.  The 
greatest  portion  of  Scotch  officers  is  in  the 
79th  or  Cameron  Highlanders,  which  has 
25  Scotch  to  8  English  and  7  Irish  officers. 
The  92nd  or  Gordon  Highlanders,  the  42nd 
or  Royal  Highlanders,  and  78th  Highlanders 
have  each  19  Scotch  officers.  The  42nd 
has  15  English  and  4  Irish  officers,  while 
the  92nd  has  12  and  5  Irish  officers,-  and 
the  78th  Highlanders  has  10  English  and 
10  Irish  officers.  Of  the  Household  Cavalry, 
in  the  1st  and  2nd  Life  Guards,  and  Royal 
Horse  Guards,  there  are  only  II  Scotch 
offiicers  to  64  English  and  15  Irish.  In  the 
Cavalry  of  t'le  line,  there  are  only  81  Scotch 
officers,  to  605  English  and  161  Irish.  In 
the  Royal  Artillery  there  are  104  Scotch,  to 
1088  English  and  190  Irish  officers.  In  the 
Royal  Engineers  there  are  52  Scotch,  to  424 
English  and  134  Irish. 

Permission  to  Tenants  to  Kill  Hakes 
and  Rabbits. — The  EJgin  Cournnt  states 
that  Colonel  James  Grant,  M.P.  for  the 
counties  of  Moray  and  Nairn,  has  just 
granted  permission  to  the  tenants  on  his 
astate  of  Main,  to  kill  hares  and  rabbits  on 
their  farms.  This  concession  is  quite  a  vol- 
untary one,  and  the  tenantry  highly 
appreciate  it.  They  are  allowed  to  kill  these 
destructive  animals  themselves,  or  by  deputy 
without  any  restrictions  whatever,  so  that 
it  will  be  their  own  fault  if  they  suffer  dam- 
age. 


194 


THE  GAEL. 


Sept.,  1872 


GAELIC   BURSARY. 

On  this  iubJGot  Professor  Blackic  addresses 
the  following  letter  to  the  Editor  of  The 
Inverness  Courier. 

"Altnacrai;^',  Oban,  2d  August  1872. 

"Sir, — At  the  late  meeting  of  the  Inver- 
ness Gaelic  Society,  at  which  I  had  the 
honour  to  be  present,  one  of  the  speakers 
announced  that  it  was  in  prospect  to  found 
a  bursary  for  a  Gaelic  student  from  the 
funds  of  the  Society.  I  presume  this  bur- 
sary is  intended  not  only  for  the  advance- 
ment of  Highland  talent  generally,  but,  in 
connection  with  that,  specially  for  the 
encouragement  of  the  GaeVc  language  and 
literature.  On  this  supposUion  I  venture  to 
make  the  following  suggestions,  trusting 
that  they  will  meet  with  the  kindly  consid- 
eration of  the  Society: — 

"1.  That  the  qualifications  for  holding 
the  bursary  shall  be  general  excellence  in 
the  studies  of  the  schools  attended  by  the 
student  previous  to  his  joining  the  Univer- 
sity; and  in  addition  to  this  a  colloquial 
command  of  the  Gaelic  language. 

"2.  That  at  the  commencing  of  every 
season,  during  the  term  of  his  bursary,  the 
student  shall  be  examined  of  his  knowledge 
of  Gaelic  grammar,  philosophy,  and  litera- 
ture, according  to  a  graduated  scale  of 
progress;  and  l\\?±  a  fair  pass  in  this  exam- 
ination shall  be  a  condition  sine  qua  non  of 
the  annual  p  ^yinent  of  his  bursary. 

"3.  That  the  ([ualification  of  the  student 
shall  be  tested  by  impartial  persons  well 
skilled  in  the  Gaelic  language,  to  be  named 
by  the  Society. 

"If  these,  or  some  such  regulations  be 
made,  our  Gaelic  students  will  be  induced 
to  join  classical  and  Celtic  philology  in  a 
fashion  equally  pleasant  and  profitable, 
calculated  no  less  to  exercise  their  usefulness 
in  school  or  pulpit,  than  to  plant  their  lin- 
guistic studies  on  a  broader  and  a  firmer 
basis. — I  have  the  honour  to  be  yours,  &c. 
"John  Stuart  Blackie." 

The  ARciYT.KsniRE  Gatherisg. — On  the 
ocwision  o'"  the  home-coming  of  the  Princoss 
Louise  at  Invcrary  last  year  the  lairds  of 
the  county  of  Argyll  who  were  present  to 
welcome  her  Royal  Highness  determined  to 
organise  an  annual  social  meeting  in  the 
county.  To  carry  out  this  idea  an  associa- 
tion was  formed  under  the  presidency  of  the 
Marquis  of  Lome,  which  adopted  the  name 
of  the  "  Argylcshire  Gathering"  and  intends 


to  inaugurate  its  proceedings  by  a  ball  at 
Oban  on  the  1st  of  October,  at  which,  it  is 
stated,  the  Marquis  of  Lome  and  Princess 
Louise,  Marchioness  of  Lome,  will  be 
present. 

IsLAY— Ordination.— On  Tuesday,  the 
13th  inst.,  the  Free  Presbytery  of  Islay  or- 
dained the  Rev.  Alexander  Lee,  A.M.,  to 
the  pastoral  charge  of  Kildalton  and  Oa. 
The  Rev.  James  Pearson  of  Kilarrow  pre- 
sided on  the  occassion,  and  after  the  ordina- 
tion, suitably  addressed  tiie  pastor  and 
people.  Dr.  Maclauchlan  of  Edinburgh,  and 
Rev  J.  F.  Macara,  Kinloss,  being  present, 
were  associated  with  the  Pj-esbytery.  At 
the  close  of  the  services,  the  young  minister 
received  a  most  cordial  welcome  from  the 
members  of  his  flock. 

Call  to  the  Rev.  Mr  Kennedy  Ding- 
wall.— The  Free  Gaelic  Congregation  of 
Greenock  met  on  Thursday,  the  16th 
August,  and  agreed  to  present  a  call  to  the 
Rev.  John  Kennedy,  Dingwall,  to  become 
their  minister. 

The  East  Coast  Herring  Funixc. — 
The  total  catch  of  herrings  to  this  date  for 
the  3300  boats  from  Aberdeen  to  Wick 
inclusive  is  830,000  cjaus,  of  wliich  two-thirds 
are  on  the  Aberdeen  coast,  Fraserburgh 
alone  having  about  lOO.OuO  crans.  The 
I  Wick  catch  is  only  about  50,000,  or  half 
last  year's  to  a  like  date.  The  catch  on  the 
I  whole  coast  is  20,000  less  than  last  year's, 
!  but  a  good  deal  above  the  average  of  former 
years. 

Sale  or  an  Invf.^ness-shire  Estate.— 
The  estate  of  Raasay  and  Rona,  in  western 
[nveruess-shire,  \\ii<.  exposed  in  Dowoll's 
Rooms,  Edinburgh,  on  Friday,  at  the  upset 
price  of  £50,000,  and  after  keen  competition 
was  secured  for  George  Grant  RIackay, 
Esq.,  of  Rosehall  and  Obim;  at  the  sum  of 
£55,000. 

On  Thursday  the  22nd  August,  the 
Masgow  Presbytery  met  in  the  Govan 
Established  G.'.elic  CJlmrch  and  ordained 
Mr  David  MacKeuzie  as  Pastor  of  that 
church.  In  tlie  evening  a  soii-ee  was  hold 
in  tho  Govan  Hall,  when  a  Bible  and  Psalm 
Book,  a  handsome  gown  and  a  purse  of 
sovereigns  were  presented  to  the  new  minis- 
ter. Addresses  were  given  by  Mr  D. 
MacMaster,  tho  cluurmau;  by  Bailie  Mac 
Farlane,  and  tho  Rev.  Messrs  Stevenson, 
Ruthei'glen;  MacLachlan,  Tarbert;  Blair, 
St.  Coluuiba;  and  Brown,  assistant  to  Mr. 
Blair. 


jL.2>r 


O-JLZIDSIEJ^L. 


TREAS  MIOS  AN  FHOGHARAIDH,  1872. 


I  Leabh.] 


[8  Air. 


CALLUM  A'  GHLINNE. 
Earran  II. 
B'  e  Galium* an  t-aon  a  b'  oige  de  'n 
teaglilacli,  agus  mar  is  trie  a  thachair, 
b'  esan  ailleagan  agus  annsachd  na  h- 
uile  neacli;  bu  gliriau  's  bu  gbealach 
.gacli  ui  'theireadh  no  'dheanadli  e. 
Bba  e  'ua  leauabb  tirail  f  allain  eireacbd- 
ail.  'Na  f  bior  leauabuidbeacbd,  tbais- 
bean  e  buadbau  inntinu  a  bba 
combarraicbte— bba  'aignidbean  maotb 
soitbeamb  ciuiu  so-gbluasadacb,  agus 
a  cbuimbue  gramail,  dionacb.  Sbuidb- 
eadb  e  gacb  feasgar  Sabaid  gu  sambacb 
tosdacb  ag  eisdeacbd  le  dian  aire  ri 
ceasnacbadb  an  teagblaicb,  agus  ri 
leugbadb  a'  Bbiobuil.  Ann  's  a' 
cbeatbramb  bliadbna  d'  a  aois  db' 
aitbriseadb  e  gu  pongail  'na  cbainnt 
liotacb  shimpblidb  fbdin,  Eacbdraidb 
a  Cbrutbacbaidb;  Tuiteam  an  duine; 
Togail  na  b-Airce  le  Noab,  agus  Sgrios 
an  t-saogbail  leis  an  Dile.  Ki  b-uine, 
obaidb  a  cbur  do  sgoil  na  sgireacbd, 
a  bba  mu  cbeitbir  mile  db'  astar 
uaitlie.  Be  Leabbar  aitbgbearr  nan 
Ceisdean,  auns  a'  Bbeurla,  leis  an 
Aibideil  Eomanaicb  agus  Eadailteicb, 
maille  ris  na  fogbairean  agus  na  comb- 
fhogbaireau,  agus  mu  leud  na  boise  do 
fboclan  da-litreacb  agus  tri-litreacb 
air  a'  cbeud  duilleig,  a  bba  air  uiseacb- 
adb  auns  an  sgoil  mar  an  ceud  leabbar 
fogbluim.  Aig  ceann  seacbduin  no 
dba,  cbo  luatb  's  a  fbuair  Galium 
lamb-an-  uacbdar  air  a  cbeud  duilleig, 
cba  robb  a  null  no  nail  aige  acb 
agbaidb  a  tboirt  a  db'  aon  leum  air 
"Criocb  araid  an  duine,"  mar  sin 
fbuair  e  'macb  gun  dail  nacb  b'  fbeal- 
adbà  an  sgoileireacbd;   coma   co-dbiu 


— cbuir  e  'uebd  ris  an  ucbdaicb,  agus 
mu'n  robb  e  thar  dusan  bbadbna  dh' 
aois,  tbog  e  uiread   do  fbogblum  'sa 
bba  am  maigbistir-sgoile  comasacb  air 
a  tbeagasg  dba.     Mu'n  am  so,  fbuair 
e  leabbar  araidb  a  rinn   greim   agus 
drugbadb  combarraicbte  air  'intinn — 
ursgeul  gaoil  da  'm  b'  ainm  "Paul  and 
Virginia."   Bba  'n  t-ursgeul  anabarrach 
tiambaidb    so-gbluasadacb.       Ged    b' 
iomadb    oran    gaoil    agus    cumba    a 
cbuala  Galium  air  an   seinn  agus   air 
an  leugLadb,  lucbdaicbte  mar  bba  iad 
am  bitbeantas  le  mulad  's  le  bron,  le 
iundrainn  's  le  cianalas,  le  bristeadb- 
cridbe  's  le  diiil-bbristeadb — cba  d'rinn 
iad  riamb  acb  ro  bbeag  de  dbeargadh 
air    aignidbean    an    coimeas    ris    an 
ursgeul  ud.     Be  criocb  an  ursgeoil,  an 
deigb  bliadbnacban   do  'n   gbaol    bu 
dealasaicbe  agus  a  bu  dilse,  taobb  air 
thaobb,   gaol  nacb  do  lasaicb    riamb 
roimb   dbiomb   cbairdean,    no    roimh 
tliuaileas  lucbd  mi-ruin,  gun  deacbaidb 
Virginia    a    bbatbadb.      Bba   dealbh 
anns  an  leabbar,  a    nocbdadb  mar  a 
fbuair  Paul  i,  ann  an  oir  a'  mbuir-làin, 
le  a  broilleacb  ruisgte,    agus   a  folt 
dualacb  camagacb  riobta  le  feamuinn 
's  le  lirein  a  letb-cbombdacb  a  muineil. 
Bba  'leitbid  de  bbuaidb  aig  deireadb 
cianail  an  ursgeoil  ud  air  cridbe  maotb 
Cballuim  bbocbd  agus  gur  trie  a  b' 
eigin  dba  teicbeadb  a  macb  do  bbadan 
coille  a  bba  dlutb  do  'n  tigb,  gu  bbi 
'fosgladb  tuil  dborsan  a  cbridbe  ann  an 
comb-fbulangas  ri  cranncbur  cruaidh- 
fbortanacb     "  Phoil    agus     Virginia" 
"  Tba  tri  nitbe  a  tbig  gun  iarruidb, — 
an  t-eagal,    an   t-iadacb   's  an  gaol " 
agus  CO  aca  'bba  no  nacb  robb  ursgeul 
"  Phoil  agus  Virginia"  ann  an  tombas 


196 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


Treas  Mios  an  Fhogharaidh,  1872. 


airbith'na  mhathair-aobhair  dha,laidh 
galar  a'  ghaoil  gu  scaiteach  fuatbasach 
air  Galium  mu  'n  am  ud,  og  's  mar  a 
bha  c  ;  cba  b'  fhada  gus  an  d'  fbairicb 
esan  do  rireadh    Nach  'eil  gaol  ann  cJio 
teth  ri's  a  cheud  ghaol.     Air  latha  de  iia 
laitbibh  an  uair  a  bha  Galium  mar  sud 
a  sior-chnuasachadb  ciod  a  dheireadh 
dha  fèin  na  'm  biodh   e   iinns  an  t- 
suidheachadb     dbeucbainncach     's  an 
robb  Pol,  thainig  ceard  a  dh'  ionnsuidb 
an  tighe  's  an  anmocb,  le  'tbeaghlacb 
's   le   'asail   agus  Ic  'chuid  acfhuinn. 
Be  gnaths  nan  ceard  aig  an  am  ud,  a 
bhi  dol  mu  'n  cuairt  o  bhaile  gu  baile, 
a'   deanamli    spainean    de  adhaircean 
cruidh  agus  reitheachan  agus  a  càradb 
phoitean  agus  choireacban.   Bha  cairt- 
ealan  saor  fosgailte  dhoibh  ann  's  gach 
baile,  oir  ged  a  bha  iad  am  bitheantas 
borb  fiadhaich,    mi-rianail  'n  an  cliù, 
bha  iad  feumail  'n  an  gairm.     Gha  'n 
iarradh  iad  aite  taimh  a  b'  f  hearr  na  'n 
atha,  far  am  faighte  i.     Dh'  fhuirich 
an  ceard  agus  a  theaghlach  corr  'us 
seachduin.     Bha  nighean   aige  a  bha 
mu  'n  aois  cheudua  ri  Galium.      Bha 
i  na  caileig  bhoidheich  sgiobalta,  aoigh- 
eil,    thaitneich,    shunndaich.      0    na 
cheud  oidhche  a  thainig  i  do  'n  bhaile, 
thigeadh  i  'stigh  's  an  fheasgar  am 
measg  an  teaghlaich ;  bha  i  ro  ealanta 
air  aithris  sgeulachdan,  agus  'na  ban- 
òranaiche  thaghta  coidheas  am  Beurla 
's  an  Gailig.    Bha  cluas-chiiiil  ro  mhath 
aig  Galium ;  bha  orain  annasach  aig  a' 
bhan-cheard  air  fuinn  agus  teisean  lira 
nach  cual  e  riamh  roimhe.    Air  feasgar 
àraidh,    air    dhi    a    bhi  'seinn    oran 
Eireannach  d'am  b'ainm  "■  Donnyhrooh 
fair" — ann  am  priobadh  na  sul,  thuit 
Galium  ann  an  gaol  oirre  agus  be  sin  an 
gaol  gun  choimeas  am  fad 's  a'  mhair  e, 
thug  e  ach  beag  a  leirsinn  'sa  clilaist- 
eachd  uaithe.    0!  ciod  e  dh'eirich  dha; 
an  e  gur  h-i  nighean  a  cheaird  a  chois- 
neadh  a  cheud  ghaol  ged  a  bhiodh  i  cho 


aillidh  ris  a'  ghreini 


dh 


bha  an  t-saighead  dhiomhair  an  sas  'n 
a  chridhe,  ach — 


Ged  a  chuir  Cupid  an  t-ultach  'na  bhroil- 

Icach 
D'a  shaighdean  coronach  caol, 
A  dbniigh  air  a  chxiislean  'sa  chuir  luchd 

air  a  chokiinn, 
Lels  an  do  tbiiit  e  ge  b'  oil  Zeis." 

Ged  a  bheirte  an  saoghal  dha, 

Cba  'n  irmseadb  e  'n  sgeul  do  'n  te  'rinn 


No  do  neacli  air  bith ;  chum  e  air 
fhein  e.     Latha  no  dha  an  deigh  so, 
air  dha  bhi  na  shuidhe  's  an  tigh  sgoil, 
CO  chaidh  seachad  an  uinneag,  ach  an 
ceard  agus  a  theaghlach,  air  a  thurus 
gu  tigh  tuathanaich  a  bha  mu  leth- 
mhile  air  falbh.     'N  uair  a  sgaoil  an 
sgoil  's  an  fheasgar,  air  falbh  chaidh 
Galium  cho  luath  sa  bheireadh  a  chosan 
e,  an  taobh  a  ghabh  an  ceard.     Nuair 
a  rainig  e  Bealach-an-droighinn,  dluth 
do  thigh  an  tuathanaich,  co  a  chunnaic 
e  ri  taobh  an  fhrith-rathaid  a'  trusadh 
counaidh,  ach  a  bhan-cheard   agus  a 
mathair?     Ghabh  e  air  adhart  gus  an 
deachaidh   e   as  an  t-sealladh   orra; 
thionndaidh  e  air  a  shall  agus  thill  e  an 
taobh  a  thainig  e  .  Ann  san  dol  seachad, 
chunnaic  e  Marsali  aig  taobh  an  rath- 
aid  agus  i  a  ceangal  a  cual  chonnaidli 
— sheall  i  na  aodann  gu  bathaiseach, 
caoin-shuarach.     Labhair  e  focal  no 
dha  rithe  gunmoille  a  chur  air  a  cheum. 
'N  uair  a  chuir  e  cul  a  chinn  rithe, 
sheid  i  suas    gu    sunndach   iolagach 
luinneag  '•''  Donnyhrooh  fair;"  luathaich 
Galium  a  cheum  oir  bha  gach  ponnc 
de  'n  teis  ud  o  na  ghuth  -  cinn  a  bu 
mhilse  a  bhuail  riamh  air  a  chluais,  a* 
dol  mar    shaighdean   geur    troimh   a 
chridhe.     Mu  'n  deachaidh  e  fad  air 
adhart,  shuidh  e  air  cloich  ri  taobh 
an  rathaid;  chuir  e  a  lamh  ri  'cheann; 
dh'  analaich  a'  Gheòlraidh  air  airson  na 
ceud  uair.    Smuainich  e,  na  'n  rachadh 
leis  rann  no  dha  chur  an  eagan  a  cheile, 
gun  tugadh  e  faothachadh  d'a  'chridhe 
briste.    Thoisich  e  mar  a  leanas,  air 
fonn  "  Donnyhrooh  fair :"  — 


TteMXlosau  Fhoj^uuraidb,  1872. 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


197 


Co  'dhireas  am  bealach  sa  ghiulaineas 

beannachd, 
A  dh'  ionnsuidh  an  fhiurain  'oh'  fhas 

cùbhraidh  deas  fallain — 
Oigh  ùr  a'  chuil  cUannaicli  d'  an  can- 

ainn  am  fonn. 

Ged  dhuraiginn  luaidh  air  gacli  buaidh 

agus  loinn 
'Th.'  air  oigh  a'  chuil  dualaich  's  nan 

cuach-chamag  grinn. 
Tha  mo  chlarsach  garbh-fhuaimeach, 

'sa  teudan  air  fuasgladh, 
Mur    tig   Ceolraidh  nan  teisean  'chur 

m'  eislein  air  fuadach, 
'S  a  ghleusadh  mo  bhuadhan  gu  bual- 

adh  nam  ponnc. 

Co  dhireas  am  bealach,  &c. 

Tha  'gruaidh  mar  na  caoran  's  iad 

sgaoilt'  air  a'  chrann, 
Tha  'cneas  mar  an  f  haoilean  air  aodanu 

nam  tonn — 
A  broilleach  caoin  fallain  cho  min  ris 

a'  channach, 
Thug  mise  dhi  gealladh — 

"Air  t-athais,"  arsa  'choguis,  'si'togail 
a  guth  'na  bhroilleach,  "thoir  an  aire 
nach  cuir  thu  a'  bhreug  'n  a  do  cheud 
oran;  ged  a  thug  thu  do  ghaol  do  'n 
bhan-cheard,  cha  tug  thu  do  ghealladh 
dhi.  0  'n  uair  'san  do  chuir  i  druidh- 
eachd  ort  le  a  suilean  is  ann  a  chuir  i  a 
ghlas-ghuib  ort."  Ann  am  priobadh 
na  sul,  dhealaich  Galium  agus  a'  Cheol- 
raidh  ri  cheile  ;  cha  deachaidh  e  ni  b' 
fhaide  air  aghaidh  ann  an  deilbh  an 
orain.  Mar  a  bha  e  'g  eiridh  gu  falbh, 
chuala  e  fann-ghuth  ciuil  a'  snamh 
air  osaig  thlath  an  fheasgair.  Shaoil  e 
air  tus  gum  be  guth  mills  druidheachd- 
ail  Marsali  a  bha  e  a'  cluinntinn,  acli 
'n  uair  a  thàr  e  ni  b'  fhaisge  dha  0 !  bu 
Deo-choslach  ri  cheile  iad!  Clod  e  a 
bh'  ann,  ach  guth  tùchanach  reasgach 
brogach  buachaille  a  bha  ag  ioman  a' 
chruidh  gu  todhar,  agus  ciod  e  a  bha  e 
*seinn  ach  oran  a  rinneadh  uair  eigin 
do  luidseich  bhochd  neo-sgiobalta  a' 
mhuinntir  na  sgireachd  a  ruith  air 
falbh  le  ceard.  'Nuair  a  chuala  Galium 
gu  riochdail  soilleir  an  rann  a  leanas : 


"  Tha  mithlachd  air  do  chairdean, 
'S  tha  tamailt  air  do  dliaoine 
Thu  bhi  falbh  le  ceard  a  giulan  s|)ain- 

ean, 
'S  maileid  air  do  chaol-druim" 

cha  d'  eisd  e  ris  a'  chorr,  shin  e  a 
chos  ris  an  astar,  agus  mu  'n  d'  rainig 
e  'dhachaidh  fhuair  e  cuibhte  do  'u 
bhan-cheard  ann  's  na  h-uile  seadh. 
Dh'  fhaodta  'radh  do  rireadh  d'a 
thaobhsan, — "  An  gaol  a  thig  le  cabh- 
aig,  cha  bhi  e  fada  'fuarachadh,"  agus 
chuir  e  roimhe  nach  glacta  a  rithisd  e 
ann  an  lion-mhoguil  a  ghaoil  giis  am 
biodh  'fheusag  ni  V  fhaide  na  'f hiaclan, 
Gha  robh  a'  bheag  do  chreideas  aig 
Galium  ann  an  geasaibh  no  ann  an 
gisreagaibh,  ach  riamh  cha  b'  urrain  e 
thuigsinn  cia  mar  a  thuit  e  ann  an 
gaol  cho  breisleachail  air  a' bhan-cheard 
mur  a  b'  e  an  drughadh  lasanta  cianail 
a  rinn  ursgeul  Phoil  agus  Virginia  air 
'inntinn,  agus  riamh  'na  dheigh  sud  cha 
robh  ach  beag  umhail  aige  do  ursgeu  laibh 
gaoil,  agus  b'  fhada  uaithe  a  chliuth- 
achadh  d  'a  chairdean  oga  a  bhi  'g  an 
leughadh.  Bi  a  bharail  gun  robh  moran 
de  na  faoin  sgeoil  annasach  a  tha  tigh- 
inn  a  mach  gach  seachduin  ann  's  a* 
Bheurla  ri  barrachd  cron  na  niaith  do 
oigridh  an  latha.  B'  aithne  dha  ban- 
charaid  og  a  fhuair  deagh  oileineachadh 
le  rogha  gach  eiseimpleir,  a  thainig  a 
mach  gu  seirbheis  do  Ghlaschu,  agus  a 
bha  fo  dheaghtheisteas  marshearbhanta 
thapuidh  sgoinneil,  easguidh,  churam- 
ach.ach  coltach  ri  ioma  te  a  bharr  oirre, 
thoisich  i  ri  leughadh  an  "  London 
Journal"  agus  cha  b'  fhada  gus  an  do 
chuir  a  chuid  ursgeulan  spleadhach  a 
leithid  de  thuainealaich  'u  a  ceann  is 
gun  d'  fhas  i  cho  dearmadach  mi- 
shuimeil  mu  a  dleasdanais  agus  gum  b* 
fheudar  d'a  ban-mhaighstir  cead  a  coise 
thoirt  dhi.  Thainig  latha  na  h-imrich 
oirre,  ach  cha  d'  thainig  mac  larla  no 
Moraire  'g  a  giulan  air  falbh  ri  solus 
na  gealaiche  ann  au  carbad  cheithir- 
eachach,  gu  a  posadh  gun  fhios  d'a 
chairdean  a  dh'  aindeoin  co  le  'm  b' 


198 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


Treas  Hlog  an  Fhoghazaidh,  187Z. 


oil  e,  agus  gu  a  togall  suas  a  dh'  aon 
bheum  o  thraillealacbd  onoracli  a  chos- 
naidh  gu  greadlinachas  ailgliiosacli 
na  moralachd.  Dli'  fliaodadli  i  bhi  air 
a  deagli  phosadli  oir  dhiult  i  lamli  fir  no 
dha  de  a  coimpirean  fliein,  agus  tha  i 
nis  na  seaun  mhaighdiuu:  cha  b'  fliiu 
leatba  na  coisichean  agus  clia  d'  thaiuig 
na  marcaichean. 

MUILEACII. 
(Ei  leantuinn.) 


MU  NA  SEANX  GHAIDHEIL. 
VI. 

Thug  sina  faiaear  mar  fliuair  Coian- 
each  Mac  Ailpein  an  rioghachd  PJnct- 
eacli  a  cliionu  gu  'm  b'e  an  t-oighre 
dligheacb  a  thaobli  a  shcan-mliàthair, 
màthnr  Ailpein,  a  bi  piuthar  Aougliais 
agns  Chusantin  a  bha  le  clieile  'n  an 
rlgliribh  air  na  Plctl.  Tliachair  an  ni 
so  anus  a'  bbliadhna  a.d.  843.  Aig  an 
am  so,  fo  riagliladli  Choinnieh  chaidh  an 
da  rioghachd,  agus  an  da  f  hine  Ghaidh- 
ealach,  na  Plcti  agus  na  ^cotl,  aonadh 
ri  cheile  gu  bhi  'n  an  aon  sluagh.  Tha 
cuid  de  sheanachaidhibh  ag  radii  gun 
do  cbeannsaich  Coinneacli  na  Plctl  ann 
an  cogadh,  agus  gun  d'tbug  e  an  riogb- 
acbd  a  macb  le  faobbar  a'  cblaidbeimb ; 
acli  tha  an  nl  sin  mi-cboltacb  agus  do- 
cbreidsinn  gun  deanadb  prasgan  beag  de 
db-Earragbaidbealaicb  Ijuaidh  a  thoirt 
air  a'  cbuid  eile  do  na  Gàidhcil ;  is  ami  a 
fhuair  e  coir  air  an  riogbacbd  a  tbaobb 
a  sbean-rabàtbar  mar  a  fhuair  Seuraas 
VI  righ  na  b-Alba  coir  air  riogbacbd 
Sbasuiiin  ann  an  liunibb  an  deigli  sin. 
Tba  ùgbdair  an  Leabbair  "Nennius"  a 
sgrlobb  mu'n  bbliadhna  a.d.  858  ag 
radb  mu  na  Picticli  ''tertiam  partem 
Britanniae  tenuerunt,  et  tencnt  usque 
nuiiC:"  'Se  sin  an  Gailig  :  Bha  sealbb 
aca  air  trcas  earrainn  Bbrcatuinn,  agus 
tha  serdbk  aca  olri'e  gus  a  nlse." 
Chaidh  so  a  sgriobbadli  mu  cbòig 
bliadbna  deug  an  dcigb  do  Cboinneacb 
Mac  Ailpein  riogbacbd  nam  Pieteach 
fhaotainn,  agus  tha  c  soilleur  nacb  deacb- 


aidh  an  sluagbacbasgairtno  a  dbitheach- 
adb  leis  na  Scotl,  acb  gun  robb  lad  a* 
gabhail  còmbnuidb  anns  an  aon  dùtbaich 
cheudna  's  an  robb  iad  roimbe,  ged  a 
fhuair  iad  Coinueach  Elgk  nan  Scotl  ga 
bhi  'na  Rigb  os  an  ceann.  Dearbhaidb 
na  Seauacbasan  Eirionnacb  a  sgriobb- 
adli mu  tbimchioU  nan  amannaa  so  aa 
ni  ccudna,  oir  their  iad  ^'Mlgh  nam  Pic- 
teach"  mar  tbiodal  ri  Coinneach  Mac 
Ailpein,  ni  a  tba  'nocbdadh  gun  robb  an 
sluagh  agus  an  riogbacbd  a  Uitbair  aig 
an  am  sin,  agus  nacb  deacbaidb  idir  an 
lom-sgrio3  mar  a  tha  cuid  a'  cumail 
a  macb  gu  mearacbdacb.  Tha  e 
sgriobbta  ann  an  Seanacbasaibb  Mor- 
roinn  Ulladh  gun  "  d'  fbuair  Coinneach 
Mac  Ailpein  Pilgh  nam  Pieteach  bas" 
mu'nbbliadnaA.D.  858,  agus  tba  Nennius 
ag  radb  '■'Elgh  nam  Pieteach"  rismar  au 
ceudna.  Fhuair  e  bas  aig  Dun-fothair 
ann  an  Siorramacbd  Pheairt,  aon  de 
Chaistealaibb  nan  seann  righrean  Gaidh- 
ealach:  agus  tbainig  Dombnull  Mac 
Ailpein  gu  bhi  'na  rigb  an  aite  a 
bhruthar,  ni  a  bha  a  reir  an  t-seann  lagh 
Albannaich  a  bha  air  a  cbleachdadh  am 
mesLS'^nanGaldheal Pieteach.  Thelrear 
Pilgh  nam  Pieteach  ri  Dombnull  mar  aa 
ceudna,  oir  tha  Seanacbasan  Ulladh  ag 
radb  "gun  d'  fhuair  Dombnull  ]Mac  Ail- 
pein Rigb  nam  Pieteach  bas"  anns  a' 
bbliadhna  a.d,  862.  Righicb  dithis 
mhac  Choinnieh  a  ritbist,  Cusantin  agas 
Aodb,  fear  an  deigh  fir  agus  b'  e 
an  tiodal  a  theirteadb  riusan  "  Righ- 
rean nam  Pieteach."  A  tbaobb  Chu- 
santin faodar  a  thoirt  fainear,  nacb  robh 
an  t-ainm  so  riabb  air  aon  de  na  Seoti 
agus  nacb  robb  e  acb  air  aon  de  na 
Righribb  Picteacli  roimbe  so,  se  sin  air 
bratbair  scan  mbatbar  Choinnieh;  agus 
uime  sin  tba  e  ro  chosmhuil  gur  ann  air 
a  shon-san  a  thug  Coinneach  an  t-ainm 
air  a  mhac  foin. 

Mu'n  bbhadhna  a.d.  900  tbainig 
Cusantin  Mac  Aoidh,  mhic  Dhomhnuill, 
mbic  Ailpein  gu  bhi  'na  Rigb  air  na 
Pictich.  Anns  a'  blibadbna  1)18  chuir 
an  Rigb  so  air  ccauu  nan  Gaidheal  cath 


Treas  Mios  an  Fhogharaidh,  1872. 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


199 


gailbheach  ris  na  Lochlninuich  air  an  d' 
fhaair  iad  buaidh;  agus  anns  a'  bhliadb- 
na  937  chuir  e  cath  ris  na  Sasunnaich; 
mharbhadh  a  mhac  anns  a'  chath  so. 
Cha  'n  'eil  iomradli  sam  bith  air  a 
dheanamh  air  na  Scoti  aig  an  am  so,  oir 
dh'  fhuirich  iad  'n  an  tir  fein  ann  an  Ear- 
ragbaidheil,  agus  chuir  na  Picti  'u  an 
tir  na  cathan  fuilteacb  so  ris  na 
Locbluinnicli  agus  ris  na  Sasunnaich: 
a'  dearbbadh  mar  so  gum  b'  iadsan 
iarmad  nan  treunlaoch  gaisgeil  a  chog 
ris  na  Romanaich  agus  ri  Agricola  aig  a' 
Gharbh-mhonadh,  ceudan  bliadhna 
roimhe  sin.  Fhuair  Cnsantin  bàs  ann 
am  mainistear  Chill-Rimhinn  agus  b'e 
an  tiodal  a  theirteadh  ris  "Righ  Alb- 
ainn." 

Re  na  h-iiine  so  dh'  fhuirich  na  Scoii 
na'n  dùthaich  feiu;  cha  d'  f  hag  iad  idir  i 
a  cheannsachadh  nam  Plcteacli  no  a 
ghabhail  seilbh  'n  an  aite  air  am  fear- 
ann.  Dearbhaidh  na  seanachasan  Eir- 
eannach  so,  oir  tha  iad  ag  innseadh 
dhuinn  gun  do  mharbhadh  Goraidh  Mae 
Arailt  Righ  Innse-Gall  leis  na  ^cotl  'sa' 
bhliadhna  A.D.  989,  agus  gun  d'rinneadh 
an  gniomh  fuilteach  so  'n  an  tir  fein  an 
Earraghàidheil.  Thachair  so  mu  thim- 
chioll  còrr  agus  seachd  fichead  bliadhna 
an  deigh  do  Choinneach  Mae  Ailpein 
rioghachd  nam  Plcteacli  fhaotainn,  agus 
feuchaidh  e  dhuinn  gu  soilleir  nach 
d'  fhàg  na  Bcoti  Earraghrddheil  idir. 
Ged  a  chaidh  an  Righ  aca  do  dhùthaich 
nam  Picteach  gu  bhi  'riaghladh  os  ceann 
an  da  shlaaigh,  dh' fhuirich  iadsan  'nan 
tir  fein,  mar  a  dh'  fhuirich  na  h-Albann- 
aich  'n  uair  a  chaidh  Seumas  YI.  do 
bhaile  Lunnuinn  gu  bhi  'na  Righ  air 
Breatuinn  gu  h-iomlan.  Agus  na  fin- 
eachan  Gàidhealach  a  thàinig  a  nuas 
uapasan  is  ann  an  Earraghaidheil  a 
gheibhear  iad  gus  an  lii  an  diugh,  ni  a 
dhearbhas  nach  d'  fhàg  an  sinnsear  an 
dùthaich  fein  riabh,  oir  nam  fàgadh, 
gheibhteadh  iad  ann  an  àitibh  eile  de  'n 
Ghaidhealtachd  mar  an  ceudna.  A 
thuiileadh  air  so  tha  GàiHg  Earraghaidh- 
eil nas  faisge  air  a'  Ghailig  Eireannaich 


agus  nas  mo  air  a  measgadh  leatha  na 
Gàilig  earrainu  sam  bith  eile  dhe 
Albainn.  Tha  na  h-argumaidean  so 
uile  a'  dearbhadh  nach  d'  fhàg  na  Scoti 
an  tir  fein,  agus  nach  ann  uapasan  a 
dh'  ionnsuich  a'  chuid  eile  de  shluagh  na 
Gàidhealtachd  a'  Ghailig,  na  's  mo  na 
'sann  uapa  a  shiolaichiad  mar  shliochd; 
ach  gur  ann  a  fhuair  iad  i  a  thaobh 
dùthchais  mar  dhileab  o'n  sinnsearaibh 
a  ghabh  còmhnuidh  an  Albainn  o  chian, 
leis  an  robh  i  air  a  labhairt  ann  an  tir 
nam  beann  re  nan  ceudan  bliadhna  mu'n 
d'  thàinig  na  Scoti  a  nail  thar  chuan  na 
h-Eirinn. 

Mu'n  bhliadhna  a.d.  1020,  timchioU 
deich  bliadhna  fichead  an  deigh  bàis 
Ghoraidh  Mhic  Arailt  righ  Innse-Gall, 
thàinig  sluagh  agus  duthaich  nam  Pict- 
each gu  bhi  'faotainn  ainme  nuaidh,  'se 
sin  Scoti  agus  Scotia  na  Scot-fhonn. 
Bho  'n  am  so  cha  chluinnteadh  luaidh 
tuilleadh  air  na  Plctl  ann  an  Eachd- 
raidh  na  Dùthcha.  Chaidh  iad  as  an  t- 
sealladh  mar  a  chaidh  na  Caleclonalch 
ann  an  làithibh  an  Impire  CJionstantlus 
Chloruis.  B'ann  r'a  linnsan  a  fhuair  na 
Caledonaich  an  t-ainm  nuadh  "  PlctV 
ainm  a  lean  riutha  fad  seachd  ceud 
bliadhna;  agus  a  nise  air  dhoibh  an  t- 
ainm  so  a  chall,  fhuair  iad  ainm  nuadh 
eile,  Scoti;  gidheadh  cha  robh  ni  ùr 
sam  bith  'nam  measg  ach  an  t.alnm 
agus  an  teagJdach  riogliall.  Chaidh 
Ainm  a'  ddnnich  atharrachadh  o'n  a  dh' 
atharraicheadh  an  Teaghhich  Bioghail; 
ach  dh'  fhuirich  an  luchd-aitich  gun 
chaochlaidh  gun  atharrachadh  sam  bith, 
ach  mar  a  bha  iad  roimhe,  direach  mar 
a  dh'  fhuirich  na  Caledonaich  o  shean 
'nuair  a  fhuair  iad  an  t-ainm  nuadh, 
Picti.  Cha  robh  anns  na  h-ainmibh 
so  ach  sloinneadh  a  fhuair  iad  o  na 
Seanachaidhibh  a  bha  sgriobhadh  mu'n 
tJmchioll  anns  an  Laidinn ;  cha  bhuin- 
eadh  iad  dhoibh  a  thaobh  dùthchais,  oir 
b'e  an  t-ainm  a  bha  dualach  dhoibh'o  'n 
sinnsearaibh,  na  Gaidheil.  Chaidh  an  «- 
ainm  Picti  air  chall,  ach  dh'  fhuirich  an 
sluagh,  ris  an  abairteadh  na  Picti,  agus 


200 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


Treas  Xios  an  Fhoghataidh,  1872. 


a'  chanain  a  blia  iad  a'  labhairt  gun 
atharrachadh  mar  a  bha  iad  riabh  amis 
an  tir.  A  chionn  gum  b'  ann  de  na 
Scoti  a  blia  an  teaghlach  rioghail,  sgaoil 
an  t-ainm  so  thairis  air  an  dùthaich  gu 
leir,  ionnus  nach  abairteadli  ach  Scoti  vh 
an  t-sluagli  agus  Scotia  ris  an  fir ;  ach 
b'e  so  an  t-ainm  a  tlieirteadh  o  sliean  ri 
Eiriun  's  a  luchd-àiteachaidh  leis  na 
seanachaidhibh  a  sgriobh  anns  an  Laid- 
inn ;  gidheadh  cha  d'  aidicheadh  riabU 
e  leis  na  Gaidlieil,  aon  chuid  an  Albainn 
no  an  Eiriun,  ged  a  tba  e  nise  air  a 
ghabhail  leis  na  Gaill  mar  ainm  na  tire 
agus  an  t-sluaigli,  oir  their  iadsan  Scot- 
land ri  h- Albainn  agus  Scots  ris  na  h- 
Albannaich.  Anns  a'  bhliadhna  a.  d. 
1158,  Sgriobh  Aindreas,Easbuig  Ghall- 
thaobh,  leabhar  "  Mu  shuidheachadh 
Albainn/'  anns  am  faighear  na  briath- 
ran  so,  "Albania  quae  nunc  corrupte 
Scotia  appellatur," — se  sin  'an  Gailig, 
"  Albainn  ris  an  abrar'a  nise  gu  mear- 
achdach  Scotia."  Tba  na  briathran  so 
a'  dearbhadh  gun  robh  aon  de  na  daoin- 
ibh  a  b'  ionnsuichte  anns  an  rioghachd 
'g  a  mheas  'n  a  mhearachd  truaillidh 
aig  an  am  sin  a  bhi  'ag  radh  Scoti  mar 
ainm  ris  an  t-sluagh  agus  Scotia  ('se  sin 
Scotland)  ris  an  rioghachd  d'  an  goirear 
Albainn.  Agus  tha  iad  a'  nochdadh 
mar  an  ceudna  nach  robh  esan  a'  creid- 
sinn  aig  an  am  sin  mar  ni  air  an  robh 
(>  s  gun  do  cheanusaicli  na  Scoti 
Earraghaidhealach  na  Seann  Ghaidheil 
Albanuach,  oir  nam  biodh  cha  b'  urr- 
ainn  e  a  chainnt  ud  a  chleachdadh  le 
firinn;  agus  anuair  a  dh'  atharraicheadh 
ainm  na  tire  agus  an  t-sluaigh  gur  h-ann 
a  dh'  eirich  so  bho  na  righribh  ùra  a 
thainig  a  steach  air  an  tir  a  bha  dhe  'n 
fhine  Scuiteich. 

D.  B.  B. 


OISEIN:— A  LINN  AGUS  A 
BHARDACnD. 

{Air  leantuinn.) 
Nach    anabarrach    farsuing   a  bha 
beachdan  a'  bhàird  aig  an  robh  comas  a 


leithid  do  choiraeas  a  dheanamh,  agns  a 
chuir  ann  an  dealbh  co  riomhach. 

Ach  cha  'n  ann  an  spealtadh  cblogad, 
agus  ann  an  iomairt  nan  lann  's  nan 
sleagh,  'tha  Oisein  'sa  ghaisgich  ainmeil 

;us  curanta.  Tha  sprochd  'us  tiamh- 
aidheachd  mhor  r'am  faicinn  ana  am 
mòran  de  dhàin  Oisein.  Dh'  fhagadh 
esan  an  deigh  na  Fcinne,  agus  is  ana 
'na  shean  laithean,  maille  ri  Malamhia 
nan  seod,beanuasal  ant-sàrlaoich  Oscar, 

chuir  e  a  bhàrdachd  ri  cheile.  Tha 
e  daonnan  rioghal,  àrd,  'us  measail  'n  a 
sheanachas,  agus  bha  tuille  mor  'us 
truscan  cian  a'  chomhraig  a'  lionadh 
anama.  Bha  Pionnghal  beusach,  caoin, 
'us  càirdeil  mar  an  ceudna.  Bha  e 
gaisgeil  agus  buadhmlior  anns  an  stri, 
agus  caoimhneil  nasal  ris  an  anfhann. 
Is  i  so  an  earail  a  thug  a  sheanair  do 
Oscar  nan  lann  am  feadh  a  bha  iad  a' 
cuideachadh  ChuchuUin  an  aghaidh 
Shuaran  nan  long : 

"  A  mhic  mo  mhic,  thubhairt  an.  righ, 

Oscair  na  stri  'na  t'  oige; 

Chunn'  am  do  chlaidheamh  nach  mln, 

Bha  m'  uaille  mu  m'  shinnsear  mor. 

Leansa  cliii  na  dh'  aom  a  chaoidh; 

Mar  t'  aithrichean  bi  sa  fein,; 

Mar  Threunmor,  ceud  cheannard  nan 

saoi, 
ISIar  Thrathul  sàr  athair  nan  treun: 
'N  an  oige  bhuail  iad  am  blàr; 
'An  duanaihh  nam  bard  tha  'n  cliù, 
Bi-sa  mar  shruth  ris  na  sàir; 
Ri  laigse  nan  lann  cho  ciiiin 
Ri  aiteal  gaoith  air  laon  an  fheoir. 
Mar  sin  bha  Treunmor  nan  sgialh, 
Is  Trathul,  ceannard  nan  triath; 
Mar  sin  bha  mo  ghniomli  's  an  t-sliabh. 
Bha  'm  feumach  riamh  ri  mo  làimh 
'S  dh'  fhas  an  lag  dana  fo  m'chruaidh, 
Na  iarr-sa  carraid  nan  sgiath, 
'S  na  dihlt  1  air  shabh  nan  cruach." 

Cha  'n  e  fuaim  nan  lann  an  aoa  toil- 
eachas  a  bha  aig  laoich  na  Feinne.  Tha 
'chomhairlo  a  thug  righ  Mhorbheinn  naa 
glonn  air  Oscar  nan  ciabh  doun,  a' 
dearbhadh  gu  soilleir  gun  robh  carthan- 
achd  'us  caoimhneas  'us  fiùghantachd  a 
tuineadh  ann  an  anam  na  Feinne.     Tha 


Treaa  Mlosan  Fhogharaidh,  1872. 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


201 


e  da  rireabh  iongantach  gun  clninnea- 
maid  smuaintean  co  ceart  agus  co  stuama 
air  an  aithris  le  neach  a  bha  beò  ann  an 
aimsir  co  fad  air  chùl.  Cuimhnichea- 
maid  mar  an  ceudna  gum  b'  àbhaist  do 
Ullin  imeaclid  le  focal  caoin  na  sith  a 
dh'  ionnsuidh  clann  nan  coigreach  ag 
ràdh: 

"Is  mòr  an  cliùsan  a  thog  am  fleagh, 
'An  talla  farsuing  a's  fial  bàigh ; 
Ceud  làilt  air  mac  coigrich  nam  fleagh, 
Thig  gu  cuirm  Fhionnghail  nam  beann, 
Thig  ga  cuirm  an  righ  a  nail." 

Tha  cleachduinn  'us  comhluadar  na 
Feinne  ag  eiridh  gu  fada  os  cionn  abh- 
aistean  nan  Lochlinneach  agus  cinnich 
eile  a  bha  'mealltuinn  nan  cothroman 
ceudna  riusan.  A  thaobh  an  inbhe 
chiataich  anns  an  robh  laoich  na  Feinne, 
bha  lad  a'  toirt  an  àite  fèin  do  na 
mnathan;  agus  ag  altrum  meas  'os 
nrram  doibh  mar  bu  choir: 

"'Stri-nan-daoine  nan  cioch  àrd, 

Ma's  ann  air  siubhal  an  f  hraoich 

Bu  ghile  nan  canach  a  crulh ; 

Ma 's  ann  air  tràigh  nan  stuadh  faoin, 

Na'n  cobhar  air  aomadh  nan  sruth'; 

Bha  suilean  soluis  mar  dha  reul; 

Mar  bhogha  nan  speur  am  braon 

A  gnuis  àluinn  fo  'ciabh  fein, 

'S  duibhe  na  nial  fo  ghaoith  ; 

Bu  tuinidh  dhuit  anam  nan  laoch, 

A  stri-nan-daoine  bu  caoine  lùmh." 

Tha  dearbhadli  againn  air  cia  co 
tlusail,  bàigheil,  furachair,  furanach  'sa 
bha  sar  ghaisgich  na  Feinne  ri  ainnirean 
nan  rosg  mall,  ann  an  Carraig  Thura, 
an  uair  a  chuairtich  dorchadas  anam 
'Utha  nan  rosg  mall,  's  na  deòir  a'  sil- 
eadh  air  a  gruaidh  chaoin,  a  broilleach 
geal  ag  eirigh  thall,  'sa  ciabh  nach  gann 
air  làr  's  i  trnagh, 

"Ghluais  tiomachd  air  anam  an  righ, 
Mu  òigh  mhin  bu  ghile  làmh; 
Chaisg  e  'chlaidheamh  anns  an  stri; 
Thuit  deòir  neo-chli  o  righ  nan  lann." 

Agus  CO  aig  am  bheil  eolas  idir  air 
bardachd  Oisein  a  tha  aineòlach  air 
gràdh  'usgaol  teochridheach  Chuchullin 
d'a  mnaoi  fein?     Eadhon  am  meadhon 


othail  'us  creuchdan  a'  chòmhraig,  tha 
e  ag  radh: 

"Buail  clarsach,  mhic  Fhena,  buail, 
Mol,  a  Charuill,  mo  luaidh  'tha  thall, 
Deo-ghreine  Dhun-scathaich  nan  stuadh, 
Og-bhean  bhanail  choir  mhic  Sheuma. 
An  tog  thu  aghaidh  nan  snuadh  caoin 
O'n  charraig  a'  coimhead  mo  sheòil  ? 
Cha  'n  fhaic  thu  ach  a'  mhuir  f haoin, 
Cha  'n  e  cobhar  nan  tonn  do  sheòid, 
Fàg  a'  charraig  'us  oidhche  mu'n  cuairt ; 
Tha  osag  nan  cruach  mu  d'  cheann." 

Is  e  ni  mor  a'm  fàbhar  Oisein  agus  na 
Feinne,  gun  robh  iad  co  dealuichte  o 
chinnich  eile  ann  am  meas  iomchuidh  a 
chuir  air  òighean  'us  mnathan  nan  rosg 
mall.  Tha  cunntas  air  dreach  'us  sgiamh 
ailleag  ann  an  Losga  Tatira,  agus  tha 
mi  a'  saoilsinn  nach'eil  e  f urasda  buaidh 
a  thoirt  air  briathran  'us  beachdan  a' 
bhàird  'n  uair  a  tha  e  'seinn  mar  so: 

"  Innseam  pàirt  do  dhreaoh  na  reul : 

Bu  gheal  a  deud  gu  h-ùr  dlù. 

'S  mar  chanach  an  t-sleibhe 

Bha  a  cneas  's  a  h-eide  ùr, 

Bha  a  braighe  cearclach  ban, 

Mar  shneachda  tlàth  's  an  fhireach, 

Bha  da  chich  air  a  h-uchd  ciatach, 

Be 'n  dieach  sud  mian  gach  fir, 

Bu  shoitheamh  binn  a  glòir, 

'S  bu  deirge  na'n  ròs  a  beul; 

Mar  chobhar  a  sios  r'a  taobh    ■ 

Sinnte  gu  caol  bha  gach  meur, 

Bha  a  da  chad  mhala  mhine, 

Dii-dhonn  air  liomh  an  loin, 

A  da  ghruaidh  air  dhreaoh  nan  caorrunn, 

'S  i  gu  h-iomlan  saor  o  chron, 

Bha  a  gniiis  mar  bharra  gheuga 

Anns  a  cheud  fhas  ur. 

A  fait  buidhe  mar  orra-shleibhte 

'S  mar  dhearrsa  greiue  bha  siiil." 

Tha  ceilear  ceòlmhor  nan  rannan  sin 
annta  fein  ag  aithris,  gun  robh  Oisein 
air  a'  lionadh  le  greadhnachas  ann  an 
conaltradh  a  ghleidheadh  ri  àilleachd  'us 
aghaidh  naduir.  Ciod  e  an  doigh  air 
an  gabh  moladh  as  àirde  'deanamh  air 
grinnead  'us  uailse  òigh  no  ainnir  na 
rinn  Oisein  anns  a'  chainnt  so. 

Ann  an  tuireadh  a'  dheanamh  thairis 
air  na  laoich  a  thuit  ann  am  meadhon 
astar  an  làithean  mu  'n  d'  eirich  's  an 


201 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


Treas  Mios  an  Fhogharaidh,  1872. 


dan  an  cliii  tlia  Oisein  ùr-labliracb, 
tiamhaidh,  agus  muladacb.  Tha  cnmha 
Oiseiu  tlu\iris  air  Oscar  da-vireabh  tiom : 

"An  do  thuit  tliu  Oscair  shàir  nan  lann, 
Am  meadhon  do  ghaibh  astair  fuin! 
Na  thuit  am  mac  a  thug  dhomh  clii'i? 
jS'ach  fhaic  mi  thu,  Oscair,  a  chaoidh? 
'N  uair  a  chluinneas  triathau  mòr  m'  an 

cloinn, 
Nach  chiinn  mi 's  an  am  ort,  a  thriath? 
Bidh  còineach  air  do  clilachaibh  bath; 
Bithidh  gaoth  'measg  an  ciabhan  fo  bhròn ; 
Cuiroar  còmhrag  gun  thusa  air  sUabh ; 
Clia  lean  thu  cilid  cbiarr  mu  thorr, 
Chruinuich  iad  uime  na  shiaigb, 
"S  gaeh  aon  neach  ri  bùirich  thruagh; 
Cha  chaoineadh  a  mliac  fi'iu, 
'S  cha  ghuileadh  a  bhràthair  e; 
Cha  chaoineadh  piuthar  a  bràtbair, 
'S  cha  chaoineadh  màthair  a  mac, 
j\ch  iad  uile  anns  a'  phlosgail 
A'  geur  chaoineach  mo  chaonih  Oscar." 

Tha  brou  'us  mulad  mòr  a'  siubhal 
troimh  'u  tnireadh  a  rinn  Oiseiu  thairis 
air  a  mhac,  Oscar.  An  deigh  bids  a 
mbic,  chaith  Oisein  agus  Malamhin  nan 
seod,  nigliean  Tbocsair  agns  bana- 
chliamhuinn  a'  bbrdrd  fuin,  mòran  d'an 
laithean  le  cbeile.  Is  miaic  'tha  bard 
Chòna  a'  t?)iseachadh  a  dbàin,  le  luaidh 
a  dheanamh  air  Malamhin  nam  buadb, 
agus  ag  radh  "a  Mlialambia  le  d'  cblàr 
bi  dlù."  Tha  e  soilleir  gun  robh  fingbair 
aig  laoicb  na  Feinne,  gum  bitbeadb  iad 
an  doigb  am  bids  a'  leantuiun  na  seilgc, 
agus  a'  ruagadb  nan  tore  ciar  mar  a  bba 
iad  air  raon  Lena  agus  am  measg 
fliritbean  'us  aonaichean  Mhorbbeinn. 
Anns  a'cbeatbramb  duan  de  Phionngbal, 
tba  Oisein  a'  toirt  an  ùrdugh  so  seacbad: 

"Cuimlmicli,  thusa,  cuir  mo  lann, 
M'  iubhair  cam  'us  ci-òc  an  f  hi'idh. 
An  taobh  cluiidt  ghlais  a  tha  ri  ceaun 
Caol  thall,  a  oimirn  gun  lous." 

Bba  Oisein  'na  gbeug  'na  aonar,  leis 
fein,airatbreigsinn  le  'cbairdean  uile,aon 
an  deigb  aoin  dbiubb  dh'  fbailnicb,  'us 
db'  fbàg  iad  esan  gu  dubbacb.  Sbil 
debir  Mbalambin  's  an  oidbcbe,  cha  'n 
fhaiceadb  i  locbran  nan  speur;  b'ambuil 
i  's  reul  na  niaidnc,    glas   neulacb   an 


dcigb  gacb  locbrain.  Tbàinig  guth  ann 
am  badaibb  nan  coilltean,  agus  b'  ait 
an  fbuaim.  "Bidb  Oisein  's  Malambiu 
gu  luatb  leinn."  Tha  sarbhean  Oscair 
ag  radh: 

"Fosglaibhse  talla  nan  speur, 
Aithriclie  Oscair  can  cruaidh  bheum; 
Fosglaibhso  dorsa  nan  uiall. 
Tha  ceuma  Mhalambin  gu  dian." 

Db'  fbas  gutb  Cbona  balbb,  agus  cha 
'n'eil  faisneacb  a'  bbàird  gun  bbrigh: 

"Pill  thusa  gu  d'fhois  Oisein  chaoimh, 
'S  na  guil  nis  mo  an  deigh  na  dh'f  halbh: 
Cho  fhad  'sa  bbios  grian  no  gealach  ann, 
Cba'n  airmhear  iad  am  measg  nam 

marbh ! 
-*S  gus  an  caochail  na  h-uile  ni  tha  fo  'n 

gbrein, 
A  bhàii  d  chaoimh  nan  iomadh  sgeul, 
Cha  'n  f hailnich  da  chumhachd  no  do 

chliù, 
'S  cha  ghearrar  do  chuimhne  o  mheasg 

an  t-sl6igh. 

CONA. 


NA  TRI  BANTFvAICHEAN. 
Bba  triùir  bbantraicbean  ann  roimhe, 
agus  bba  mac  aig  gacb  tu  dbiubb.  'S  e 
DùmbnuU  a  b'  aium  do  mbac  a  b-aoQ 
diubb.  Bba  ceitbir  daimb  aig  Dombuull, 
's  cba  robh  acb  da  dbamb  au  fbir  aig 
càcb.  Air  son  sin  bba  iad  daonnaa  a' 
trod  ag  radb  gu'n  romb'n  corr  feoir  aig 
DombnuU  'na  bba  aca  fbein.  Oidbcbe 
dbe  na  b-oidlieacban  cbaidb  iad  do  'n 
rabainnir  agus  mbarbb  iad  na  daimb  aig 
Dombnull.  Air  do  DbùmbnuU  eiridh 
's  a'  mbaduinn  cbaidb  e  'cboimhead  a 
cbuid  dbamb,  agus  fhuair  e  marbb  iad. 
I)b-flieann  e  iad,  's  sbaill  e  iad,  Jigus 
thug  e  leis  to  dbe  na  seicbeacban  do 'u 
bbaile-mbor  air  son  a  reic.  Bba'n 
t-ustar  cbo  fada  's  gun  d'  tbàinig  an 
oidbcbe  air  mu  'n  d'  ràinig  e  'm  baile- 
mòr;  agus  cbaidb  e  'staigb  do  cboille 
's  cliuir  e  'n  t-seicbe  mu  'cbeann. 
Tliàiuig  grunnan  ian  'slaidb  iad  air  an 
t-scicbe.  Cbuir  DombnuU  a  mach  a 
lamb,    'srug   e   air   fear   dbiubb.     Ma 


Treas  Mio3  an  Fhogharaidh,  1872. 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


203 


shoillseachadh  an  latha  dh-eiricli  e  's 
dh-fhalbh  e.  Ghabh  e  gu  taigh  duine- 
nasail.  Thàinig  an  duine  uasal  gus  an 
dorus,  's  dh'  fheòraich  e  do  Dhòmhuull 
dè  bh'  aige  'n  a  achlais.  Fhreagair 
Dòmhnull  gu'n  romli  fiosaiche.  "De  'n 
fhiosaclid  a  bhios  e  'deanamh"  ars'  an 
duine  uasal,  "Bithidh  na  h-uile  seorsa 
fiosachd"  arsa  Dòmhnull.  "Thoir  air 
fiosachd  a  dheanamh,"  ars'  an  duine 
uasal.  Dh-fhaisg  Dòmlinull  an  t-ian 
gus  gu  'n  d'  thug  e  ran  as.  "Ciod  e  'tha 
e  'gradh?"  ars'  an  duine  uasal.  "Tha 
e  'gradh  gum  bheil  toil  agadsa  'cheann- 
ach,  agus  gu  'n  tabhair  thu  da  chiad 
punnd  Sasunnach  air"  arsa  Dòmhnull. 
"Mata,  gu  cinnteach!"  ars'  an  duine 
uasal,  "tha  e  fior,  agus  ua'm  bithinn  a' 
smaoineachadh  gu'n  deanadh  e  fiosachd 
bheirinn  sin  air."  Cheannaich  an  duine 
nasal,  an  sin,  an  t-ian  o  Dhòmhnull  air 
son  da  chiad  punnd  Sasunnach.  "Fiach 
nachreic  thuri  duine  'sam  bith  e"  arsa 
Domhnull,  "  gun  fhios  nach  d'  thig  mi 
fhein  fhathasd  ga  iarraidh.  Cha  d'  thug- 
ainn  dut  air  sou  tri  mile  punnd  Sasunn- 
ach e  mar  bitheadh  gu'm  bheil  mi  aun 
an  eiginn."  Dh'fhalbh  Domhnull  dach- 
aidh  's  cha  d'  rinn  an  t-ian  an  còrr  fios- 
achd. 

'N  uair  a  ghabh  Domhnull  a  bhiadh, 
thoisich  e  air  cunntadh  an  airgid,  agus 
CO  'bha  'ga  choimhead  ach  na  fir  a 
mharbh  na  daimh;  a's  thainig  iad  a 
steach.  "A  DhòmhnuiU"  ars'  iadsan 
"cia  mar  a  fhuair  thusa  na  tha'n  sin  de 
dh-airgead?"  "Fhuair  mar  a  gheibh 
sibhse  e  cuideachd.  'S  mi  'bha  toilichte 
gu'n  do  mliarbh  sibh  na  daimh  orm" 
arsa  Domhnull.  "Marbhaibh-se  na 
daimh  agaibh  fein  agus  feannaibli  iad ; 
thugaibh  leibh  na  seicheachan  do'u 
bhaile  mhòr,  'sbithibh  ag  èigheachd  '-co 
^cheannaicheas  seiche  claimhf  agus  gheibh 
sibh  pailteas  airgid."  Mharbh  a's 
dh-fheann  iad  na  daimh.  Thug  iad 
leotha  na  seicheachan  do'n  bhaile  mhòr, 
'sthòisich  iad  air  èigheachd  ^'■co  ^cheann- 
aicheas  sficltc  daiinhV  Lean  iad  air 
eigheachd  sin    fad  an  latha.  's  muinu- 


tir  a'  bhaile  mhòir  a'  deanamh  spòrs 
orra;  agus  mu  dheireadh  thill  iad  dhach- 
aidh.  Cha  romh  fhios  aca  'n  so  ciod  e 
'dheanadh  iad,  's  bha  aithreachas  orra 
chionn  na  daimh  a  mharbh adh.  Chunn- 
aic  iad  mathair  Dhòmhuuill  a'  dol  do  'n 
tobar,  rug  iad  oirre  's  thachd  iad  i. 
Bha  Domhnull  a'  gabhail  jongantais 
nach  ro  'mhàthair  a'  tighinn.  Chaidh  e 
'choimhead  air  a  son,  's  fhuair  e  i  marbh 
aig  an  tobar.  Cha  romh  fios  aige  de 
'dheanadh  e;  ach  thug  è  leis  dhachaidh 
i,  's  a  la  'r  na  mhàireach  sgeadaich  e  i 
anns  an  aodach  a  b'  fhearr  a  bh'  aice, 
's  thug  e  do  'n  bhaile  mhòr  i.  Choisich. 
e  suas  gu  taigh  an  rlgh  's  i  aige  air  a 
mhuinn.  Air  dha  thighinn  gu  taigh  an 
righ  thachair  tobar  mhòr  ris,  agus  stob 
e  'bhata  'm  bruaich  na  tobarach,  'schuir 
e  a  mhàthair  'na  seasamh  ri  'thaic. 
Ràinig  e  dorus  taigh  an  righ;  bhuail  e, 
's  thainig  searbhanta  'nuas.  "  Abair  ris 
an  righ"  ars'  esan  "gu'm  bheil  boireann- 
ach  coir  thallud  's  gu'm  bheil  gnothach 
aice  ris."  Dh-innis  an  t-searbhanta  so 
do  'n  righ.  "Abair  ris  a  radh  rithe 
tighinn  a  nail"  ars' an  righ.  "Tha'n 
righ  ag  iarraidh  ort  a  radh  rithe  tighinn 
a  nail"  ars  an  t-searbhanta  ri  Domhnull. 
"Cha  teid  mise;  siubhal  fhein  ann;  tha 
mi  sgith  gu  leòr"  ars'  a  Domhnull, 
Dh-fhalbh  an  t-searbhanta  'n  so,  's  ars' 
a  Domhnull  "mar  a  freagair  i  thu,  put 
gu  math  i,  oir  tha  i  bodhar."  Ràinig  an 
t-searbhanta  agus  labhair  i.  "  A'  bhoir- 
eannaich  choir,  tha  'n  righ  ag  iarraidh 
oirbli  fein  tighinn  a  nail."  Cha  d'thug 
a'  chailleach  feairt.  Phut  i  i  's  cha  d' 
thubhairt  a'  chailleach  facal.  Bha 
Domhnull  a'  faicinn  mar  a  bha  'muigh. 
"Tarruing  am  bata  o  'h-uchd"  arsa 
Domhnull,  "'sann  'na  cadal  a  thai." 
Tharruing  i  'm  bata  o  'h-uchd,  agus  sid 
a'  chailleach  an  coinneamh  a  cinn  do  'n 
tobar;  agus  aig  an  am  dh'  eigh  Domh- 
null "Om'eudail!  m'eudail!  mo  mhath- 
air  air  a  bàthadh  anns  an  tobair!  ciod  e 
'ni  mise'n  diugh!"  Bhuail  e 'n  so  a 
bhasan,  's  cha  robh  ran  a  bheireadh  e  as 
nach  cluinnte  miltean  air  astar.    Thainig 


•04 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


Treas  Mlos  an  Fhogharaidh,  1872. 


an  rigli  a  mach,  agus  ars'  esan  ri  Dòmh- 
null,  "0  gbille  na  toir  gnth  gu  bràtb 
air  is  pàigliidh  mise  do  mhàthair. — Ciod 
e  'n  t-sinm  a  bhios  tu  'g  iarraidh  oirrel" 
"Còig  ciad  puund  Sasunnach"  arsa 
DomhuuU.  "'Stu'glieibli  sin  gii'u  dàil" 
ars'  an  righ.  Fhuair  Dòmhnull  an 
t-suim  airgid  a  dh'  iarr  e;  dli'  flialbh  e 
far  an  romli  a  mhàthair ;  thug  e  dbi  an 
t-aodach  a  bh'  oirre;  's  thilg  e  's  an 
tobar  i. 

Chaidh  e  'sin  dhachaigli  agus  thòisicli 
e  air  cuuntadh  a  cliuid  airgid.  Aig  an 
am  CO  'thigeadli  acli  an  dithis  eile, 
'clioimhead  an  romh  e  brònach  an  deigh 
bàs  a  mhathair;  agus  air  dhoibh  an 
t-airgead  fhaicinn,  dh-fheoraich  iad 
c'  àite  'n  fhuair  e  na  bha  sud.  '"Fhuair" 
arsa  DombnuU  "far  am  faigheadh  sibhse 
pailteas  na'n  toilicheadh  sibh  fein." 
"Cia  mar  a  gheibh  siun  e?"  "Marbh- 
aibh-se  'ur  màthraichean;  thugaibh 
leibh  air  'ur  muin  iad;  rachaibh  thun  a' 
bhaile  mhoir  leotha;  bithibh  ag  eigh- 
eachd,  'Co  ^chcannaicheasseanachailleach- 
an  marhhaT  's  gheibh  sibh  'ur  fortau." 

'N  uair  a  chuala  iad  so  chaidh  iad 
dhachaigh,  's  shin  gach  fear  diubh  air  a 
mhathair  fhein  le  clach  'am  mogan  gus 
an  do  mharbh  e  i.  An  la  'r  na  mhkir- 
each,  dh-fhalbh  iad  do  'n  bhaile  mhòr 
leotha  ;  's  thoisich  gach  fear  diubh  air 
cigheachd,  '■Co' chcannaicheasseana chaill- 
each  mliarhh  X  ach  cha  romh  duiue 
'cheanuaicheadh  am  bathar  sin.  'N  uair 
a  bha  muinntir  a'  bhaile  mhuir  sgith  a' 
gabhail  spt)rrs  orra,  chuir  iad  na  coin 
na  'n  deigli  dhachaigh. 

Thàinig  iad  dhacliaigh  fann,  sgith, 
's  chaidil  iad  gu  maith  an  oidhche  sin. 
An  la'r  na  mhàireach  'nuair  a  dh-eirich 
iad  thainig  iad  far  an  robh  Dòmhnull, 
rug  iad  air,  's  chuir  iad  ann  am  baraille 
e.  Dh-fhalbh  iad  leis  gus  a  thilgeadh 
sios  0  mhullach  creige.  Bha  iad  a'  dol 
air  an  aghaidh  leis — 's  fear  mu  seach  aca 
'g  a  ghiulan.  Ars'  an  dara  fear  diubh 
"  O'n  tha  'n  t-astar  cho  fada,  's  an  latha 
cho  teth,  bu  choir  duinn  a  dhol  a  staigh 
do  thaigh  a  ghabhail  drama."     Chaidh 


iad  a  staigh,  's  dh-fhàg  iad  Dòmbnull 
anns  a'  bharaille  air  an  rathad  mhor  a 
muigh.  Chual  e  tristrich  a'  tighinn, 
's  CO  'bha  'n  so  ach  cibear  le  ciad  caora. 
Ghabh  an  cibear  air  aghaidh  agus  shin 
Dòmhnull  air  seinn  trump  a  bh'  aige  'sa' 
bharaille.  Ars'  an  cibear  's  e  'bualadh  a 
bharaille  le  a  bhata  "co  tha 'n  so?" — 
"Tha  mise"  arsa  DomhnuU.  "Ciod  e 
'tha  thu  a'  deanamh  an  so?"  ars'  an 
cibear.  "Tha  mi  'deanamh  an  fhortain 
ann"  arsaDomhnull,  "'scha'nfhacaduine 
riabh  a  leithid  so  de  dh-àite  le  or  'as 
airgead.  Tha  mise  'n  deigh  mile  sporan 
a  lianadh  'an  so,  agus  tha  m'  fhortan 
an  coinneamh  'bhi  deanta."  '"S  truagh" 
ars'  an  cibear,  "nach  leigeadh  tu  mi- 
fhein  a  steach  treis."  "Cha  leig;  's  mòr 
a  bheireadh  orm  e."  "  'S  cinnteach  gu'n 
leig  thu  ann  mi  air  son  aon  mhineid, 
agus  gu  'm  faod  pailteas  a  bhi  agad  fein 
co-dhiu."  "An  leobhra  'dhuine  bhochd 
o'n  tha  thu  cho  feumach,  leigidh  mi  ann 
thu,  cuir  fhein  an  ceann  as  a'  bharaille 
's  thig  an  so ;  ach  cha-n  fhada  'gheibh 
thu  'bhi  ann"  arsa  Dòmhnull. 

Thug  an  cibear  an  ceann  as  a'  bharaille, 
's  thàiuig  DòmhnuU  amach,  a's  rug  e  air 
dhà  chois  air  a'  chlbear,  's  thilg  e  an 
coinneamh  a  chinn  's  a'  bharaille  e. 
"Cha-n- eil  airgead  no  or  an  so"  ars'  an 
cibear.  "  Cha-n  fhaic  thu  dad  gus  an 
d'  theid  an  ceann  's  a'  bharaille"  arsa 
Dòmhnull.  "O  cha-n  fhaic  mise  ni  air 
bith  an  so"  ars'  an  cibear.  "Mar  a  faic, 
biodh  agad,"  arsa  DomhnuU. 

Dh'  fhalbh  DomhnuU  's  chuir  e  air  am 
breacan  a  bh'  air  a'  chlbear,  's  an  uair  a 
chunnaic  an  cu  am  breacan,  lean  e 
DomhnuU.  Thainig  na  fir  a  bha  'gòl 
amach,  rug  iad  air  a'  bharaille, 'sthog  iad 
air  an  guaillibh  e.  Dh-fhalbh  iad  leis; 
agus  theireadh  an  cibear  'an  ceaun  na 
h-uile  mionaid,  "  Mise  'th'  ann,  raise 
'th'ann."  "0  's  tu  bhraidean,  's  math 
gur  tu."  Ràinig  iad  bed  na  creige  's 
leig  iad  sios  am  baraille  leis  a'chreig  's  an 
cibear  'n  a  bbroinn. 

Air  dhoibh  pilleadh,  co  chitheadh  iad 
ich  DomhnuU  le  'chù  's  le  'bhreacan,  's 


Treas  Mlos  an  Fhogharaidh,  1872. 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


205 


ciad  caora  aige  ann  am  pàirc.     Ghabli  j  Bha  sia  bann-lamh'  deii":  air  àird' 
lad  a  null  far  an  robh  e,   agus  ars'  iad-  j 'S  na  h-adhVcean  a  b'  àiUidh  sniomh. 
san,   "  O  Dhòmhnuill,  cia  mar  a  fhuair  9?"'^  ^^"^'^^  ^^^  iubhar  caol 


t'sa 


Chuir  air  ghleus 


fhaodail  chòrr— 
dealbhach,  grinn. 


'S  shnaim  e  'n  taifeid  iir  gu  teaun, 
'S  an  cleith  bho  shiil-bheachd  na  Greig' 
Air  chùl  sgiath  nan  treun  gun  mheang. 
Chum  's  uach  brùchdadh  neart  nan  nàmh 
A  mhosgladh  a'  bhlàir  romh  'n  am, 
Seal  mu  'm  biodh  fuar  marbh,  fo  chreuchd, 
Ceannard  Greugach  nan  geur  lann. 
Thog  e  beul-còmhdaich  a'  bhuilg, 
'S  fhuair  e  calg  guineach  a'  bhàis, 
I  Fi'ith-i)hacach,  iteach,  ùr,  slim, 


thusa  tighinn  an  so?"     "Fhuair    .v.„^,„,      .  ,     ,     ,. 

Dòmlmufl,    "mar  a  gheibheadh   sibhse  P^l^f^^^^f^^g"^,^     .      ,    _ 
,        c     1     11        IT-  A         1  '•   1      ^  chomhdaich  e  'u  da  rumn  le  h-or. 

nam    fiachadh   sibh   ris.       An    deigh       Leag  e  sios  air  làr  am  ball 

dhorahsa    n  saoghal   thall   a   ruigsinn, 

thuirt  iad  rium  gun  d'  ràinig  mi  ro  thrà, 

's  chuir  iad  a  nail  mi 's  ciad  caora  'n  a  mo 

chois  gu  airgead  a  dheanamli  dhomh 

fhein."      "Agus  an  d'  thugadh   iad  a' 

leithid  sin  dhuinne  na  'n  rachamaid  f6iu 

ann?"  ars'  iadsan.     "Bheireadh,  's  iad  a 

bheireadh"  arsa  Dòmhnull.     "Ciod  e  'n 

dòigh  air  am  faigh  sinn  dol  ann"  ars' 

iadsan.     "Direach  air  an  aon  doigh  air  j  Aobhar  nan  deich  mile  cràdh. 

an  do  chuir  sibh  fein  mis'  ann?"  ars'  esan.  i  Ghrad-chuir  e  'n  t-saighead  an  crois, 
Dh'  fhalbh  iad,  's  thug  iad  leotha  da  \  Saighead  gheur  nan  dosgainn  truagh 

bharaille  gu  iad  fhein  a  chuir  unnta  gu  """      '        i~-->i-' 

h-àrd.       'N  uair  a  ràinig  iad  an  t-àite 

chaidh   fear  dhiubh  ann  a  h-aon  de  na 

baraillean,  's  thilg  am  fear  eile  sios  leis 

a'  chreig  e.     Thug  am  fear  sin  ran  as 

shios  's  an  eanchaiun  an  deigh  dol  as  leis 

a'  bhuille  'fhuair  e.    Dh'  fheoraich  am 

fear  eile  de  Dhòmhnuil  ciod  e  'bha  e  'g 

radh.     "Tha  e'geigheach,  '■  Crodh  as 

caoraich!  maoin  a's  mathas !' "  arsa  Dòmli- 

null.     "Sios  mi!  sios  mi!"  ars' am  fear 

eile.     Cha  d'  fhan  e  ri   'dhol   anns  a' 

bharaille  ach  ghrad  leim  e  sios,  's  chaidh 

an     eauchainn     as.       Thill     DòmhnuU 


dhachaidh    s  bha  'm   fearann  aige 
fhein. — Sgeidachdan  Gaidhealack. 


dha 


MAR  A  CHAIDH  MENELAUS  A 
LOT  LE  PANDARUS. 
Air  a  thionndadh  gu  Gàilig  Abraich  : 
bho  'n  cheathramh  Duan  de  'n  Iliad — 
le  EoBHAN  Mac  Lachlainn. 
Labhair  i  's  dh'  impich  foill, 
Cridh'  gun  sgoinn  gu  gniomh  gun  bliuaidh : 
Tharruing  e  'n  tiota  air  lom 
Bogha  crom  bu  liomhaidh  snuagh. 
Adh'rcean  bras-ghaibhre  nan  cruacb 
A  bhuail  'fhiubhaidh  luath  roimh'nchliabh; 
A  preas-falaieh  leum  an  calg, 
'S  i  'direadh  nan  garbhlach  liath. 
'S  teach  'n  a  h-uchd  chaidh  an  gtith  searbli, 
Thait  i  marbh  air  creag  nan  sliabh; 


S  riun  iirnaigh  bho  chridh'  gu  dian 
Ri  mur-dhia  nam  fiùbhaidh  luath  ; 
'S  gheall  iar  'ath-philleadh  gu  'thir 
Gu  'n  tairgeadh  e  an  iobairt  shaor, 
A  choig  fichead  ceud-ghin  uan 
Air  làr  Shelia,  stuaigh  a  ghaoil. 

An  sin  ghlac  an  cuimsiche  còrr 
An  èarr  ghobhlach,  's  an  deagh  shreang; 
Tharruing  e  'n  taifeid  gu  'chich, 
'S  a  chuilc  dhireach  gu  fior-cheann; 
'N  uair  bha  'm  bogh'  air  a  shàr-lagh 
Mar  mhòr-chearcall,  a'  spadh  chruaidh, 
A  dha  bhàrr  cuideachd,  ach  gann, 
Bhreab  am  ball  bu  ghliongrach  fuaim. 
Shraun  an  taifeid  le  h-àrd-eubh 
Leum  air  ghaoth  nan  speur  'n  a  still 
Le  h-acras  caothaich  gu  feòil* 
Fiùbhaidh  chròcach  nan  geur-ruinn. 

Dhuts',  a  Mhenelàuis  thrèin, 
Cha  b'  ascaoin  na  de  bhith-bhuan: 
'S  i  Pallas  euchdach  nam  blàr 
'Dhion  bho  'n  Eug  thu  s  a'  chàs  chruaidh. 
Thill  i  'n  dealg-bhior  bho  d'chaorah  chneas, 
IMarmhàthair  an  taic  a  luaidh, 
'Dh'  fhuadaicheas  creithleag  bho  ghnùis, 
'Micein  ùir  'se  trom  'n  a  shuain. 
Stiùir  Pallas  gu  seòlt'  an  calg 
Gu  sroath  ghrinn  nan  ailbheag  òir 
A  dhaingnich  an  cries  gu  dlùth 
Far  'm  bu  diibailt  uchdach  chòrr. 
Lot  an  t-iarunn  stim  nan  greis 
Gòrsaid  cheutach  nam  breac  dhealbh, 


*  "Is  minigle  Homer,  trid  samhlachaidh, anam a thoirt 
do  nithibh  gun  anam.  Anns  gach  seanchas  is  ro-thait- 
neacb  a'  bhuaidh  bheothacfaaidh  80 :  mar  a  thuirt  e  (mu  Tk. 
t-saighid) :  Le  h-acrAS  caothaich,"  &c.    Aristot.  Ehet.  Ill 


206 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


Treas  Mlos  am  Fhogharaidh,  1872. 


'S  an  fhalluing  ri  taic  a  clileibh 
A  bhac  neart  nan  reub-ghath  searbh. 
Riach  an  giiinn'  a  chraicionn  maoth 
Eomh  'n  deagli-fhaobh  bu  dliith  ri  'chòm; 
An  f huil  chraobhach  bhiiicbd  gu  luath 
']>!  a  blàth  shiuitbean  ruadh  romh  'n  toll. 


SOLUS  A'  PEALRADII  MACH  A 
DORCIIADAS, 

Eadar-theamgaichte  leis  an  Ukkajiacii 

Alasdair  Camshkon. 
An  doighibh  dlorahair  gluaisidli  Dia, 

Tboirt  'iongantais  inu'n  ciiairt; 
Mar  cbarbad  dha  tha  'n  doinionii  dbian. 

'S  tha  lorg  a'  chois'  's  a'  chuau. 
An  doimhneaclidan  do  gbliocas  sior 

Tha  'rùiutean  taisgte  suas; 
Is  cuirear  leis  a  thoil  an  gnlomh, 

Mar  's  miann  leis  fein  gach  uair. 
Ur-mhisneacli  glacaibh,  naoimh  gun 
treòir, 

Na  neoil  a's  duirch'  tha  Ian 
Do  throcair  chaoinih,  is  doirtear  leo 

Oirbh  maitheas  mòr  gun  dàil. 
Na  measaibb  Dia  tre  shealladb  mbàin, 

'N  a  gbrus  cuiribb  'ur  dùil; 
Air  cùl  an  fbreasdail  dbuircb  tha  grudh 

A'  lasadb  gbnàth  'n  a  ghnùis. 
A  rCiintean  abaichidh  gu  luath, 

•'S  iad  fosgladh  suas  gun  tàrnh ; 
'S  ged  robh  a'  gbucag  searbh  's  an  uair, 

Didh  mills'  is  buaidh  's  a'  bhlàth. 
As-creidimh  dall  theid  ell  's  gach  ceum, 

Gniomb  Dho  a  chaoidb  cha  sgriid; 
''Se  Dia  's  fear-ni  nieacbaidli  dha  fciu, 

'S  ni  soilleir  reidh  gach  cuis. 


LITIR  0  EUNASDACIL 

A  Gliàidlieil  Gliaolaicb, 

Gheall  mi  iunis  an  litir  mu  dhoircadli 
a  chiiir  mi  tluigaibh  gun  innsinn  duibli  cuid 
dc  na  scan  nitlie  faoiii  a  cbruinnich  mi  air 
mo  tliuras  leadh  na  Gàidliealtachd. 

Tha  mi  a  nis  a'  dol  a  thoirt  oidhirp  air 
mo  ghcalladh  a  choilionadh.  Ach  an  creid 
sibhse  ini,  'n  uair  a  their  mi  ruibh  gu  'm 
bheil  mi,  mar  is  motha  'bhcachdaicheas  mi 
air  na  nitheau  amaideacli  ud,  air  mo  dliaing- 
ncachadh  anns  a'  bharail,  gu'm  blicil  aig 


mòran  dhiubli  an  steidh  ann  am  firian 
eigin? — nach  robh  ann  an  cuid  dhiubh  ach 
d(Mgh  bhàrdail  air  ni  tigin  a  chumail  air 
chuimhne,  no  rathad  seòlta  a  ghabh  daoine 
glice  air  firinn  shònruichtc  a  thcagasg  do- 
shluagh  a  bha  aig  an  am  cho  aineòlach  nach 
tuigcadh  iad  an  ni  a  bha  air  a  theagasg 
n'an  rachadh  a  chuir  fa'n  comhair  air 
dhùigh  eilc?  Ach  leigidh  sinn  seachad  so  aig 
an  am  is  bheir  sinn  ciiid  de'n  ghòraich  ud  a 
lathair.  Anns  an  litir  so  tha  'mhiann  orm 
labhairt  air  bcachd  a  bha  aon  uair  cumanta, 
is  nach'eil  fhathast  turbàs,anns  a'  Ghaidh- 
ealtachd,  'se  sin,  creideas  ann  an  droch- 
chòmhlaichean.  'Bha  e  air  a  Ian  chreidsinn 
gun  robh  cuid  de  nithibh,  de  chreutairibh, 
agus  de  dhaoinibh  nach  robh  idir  cncasda  a 
thacliairt  air  ncacli.  Na'm  biodh  tu  'dol  a 
chum  margaidh,  no  air  tùir  mnatha,  no  air 
air  ghnothach  cudthromach  air  bith  eile, 
dh'  f  haodadh  tu  tilleadh  dhachaidh  n'  an 
tachradh  aon  de  na  nithibh,  neo-sheunta  ud 
ort.  Am  measg  nan  nithe  nach  robh  idir 
sona,  n'amb'fhior,  bha  an  fheadhainn  a 
Icanas:  Cha  robh  e  ceart  ma  bha  tliu  'dol 
air  thiiras  uighean  a  ghabhail  chum  do  thra 
maidne.  Cha  mhotha  a  bha  e  sona  piogh- 
aid  a  thachairt  ort  no  seilicheag  air  lie  luim, 
no  uan  no  searrach  fhaicinn  'san  culthaobh 
riut. — Ach  cha  'n  c  a  mhidn  gun  robh  iad  so 
fior  mi-shealbhach  ri  tachairt  orra  "nuair  bha 
thu  dolair  thuras,  ach  bha  iad  a' cur  air 
mhanadh  droch  f hortan  fad  na  bliadhua,  ma 
se  is  gu'm  biodh  a  chiad  seihcheag  a  chith- 
cadh  tu  air  àitc  lom,  agus  a  chiad  uan  agus 
searrach  's  an  culthaobh  riut.  Is  còmhla  ri 
so  uile,nan  cluinncadhtu  a  chuthag  air  son' 
na  ciad  uair  's  an  òg  Shamhradh  mu'n  do 
bhlais  thu  Ion,  bha  cupan  do  mhi  fhortain 
L'ln.  Cha  ruigeadh  a  leas  sùil  a  bhi  agad 
ach  ri  tubaistcan,  drocii-fhortan  agus  rosadan 
fad  na  bliadhna.  A  chum  am  mi-f  hortan 
so  a  sheachnadh  bha  e  na  chleachdainu 
"greim  cuthaige"  a  ghabhail  'sa'  mhaduinn. 
B'  aithne  dhomh  iad  a  bha  'cur  mir  de 
dh'  aran  fo'n  chluasaig  aca,  a  chum  ithcadh 
'nuair  a  dhùisgeadh  iad  a  mochra,  'us  gu'm 
biodh  mar  so  toiseach  aca  air  a'  chuthaig. 
Tha  mi  cinnteach  gu'n  cuala  iomadii  aon 
de  luchd-leugh:'.idh  ''A'  Ghàidheil"  an  rann: 
(.'liiiala  mi  'chuthag  gun  bhiadh  'am  bhroinn^ 
Chunua  mi  searrach  'sa  chiilthaobh  rium, 
Cluinna  mi  seilcheig  air  lie  luim, 
Is  dh'aithuich  mi  nach  rachadh  a' 

bhliadhiia  sin  learn. 
Cha  'n  'oil  fhios  agam  ciod  a  b'  aobhar  do 
ua  barailean  so.    Math  dh'fhaodte  a  thaobh 


Tnas  Mi  OS  an  Fhogharaidh, '. 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


na  cuthaig  gur  e  an  leasan  a  bha  air  a 
theagasg,  gn'm  bu  choir  do  dliaoinibh  a  bhi 
moch  air  an  cois ;  oir  bha  meas  mòr  aig  'ur 
n-athraichean  air  moch-eiridh.  Bha  iad  a' 
creidsinn  aun  am  firiun  an  teagaisg  a  bha 
ai:  a  chur  sios  ann  an  rann  beurla  air  am 
bleil  gach  aon  eòlach.  Bha  an  rann  so  ag 
radii  gn'ni  b'e.  "A  bhi  àmail  ma  thamh, 
agus  mocli  air  do  chois,  an  dòigh  gu  bhi 
saoibhir,  bhi  falan  'us  glic."  Ach  is  eagal 
leam,  "air  maduinn  chiiiin  cheitein"  gu  'm 
feumadh  iad  "a  bhi  bogadh  nan  gad" 
'•mu'n  blaiseadh  an  t-eun  an  t-uisge"  ma 
se  is  gum  bitheadh  an  trath  maidne  seachad 
ma'n  goireadh  a'  chuthag.  A  thaobh  an 
rainn  so  mu'n  chuthaig,  chuala  mi  freagairt 
air  a  tlioirt  dha  is  flora  gu  fada  na  an  teag- 
asg  a  tha  ann.  Be  so  e : 
Ged  'chuala  mi  'chuthag  gun  bhiadh  'am 

bhrolun, 
Ged'chunnamisearrach  'sachùlthaobhrium, 
Ged  'chunna  mi  seiicheag  air  lie  luim, 
Is  coma  leam  sud,  ma  bhios  Dia  leam. 

Bha  e  mar  an  ceudna  air  a  mheas  neo 
shona,  thu  a  dhi-chuimlmeachatlh  ni  air 
bith  as  tilleadh  air  a  shon.  Na'n  deanadh 
tu  so,  cha  chinneadh  do  ghnothach  leat  air 
aon  chor,  Tha  giiocas  anns  a'  bharail  so, 
oir  ged  nach  b'e  an  tilleadh  air  ais  a  dhean- 
adh  dolaidh  ort,  bha  e  'dearbhadh,  nach 
robh  thu  a'd  ghille  gnothuich  maith,  nach 
robh  annad  ach  claobaire  gun  òrdugh  mar 
bha  thu  mar  so  's  a'  cheud  dol  a  mach  a'  di- 
chuimhneachadh.  Bha  mar  an  ceudna  a 
mhaigheach  na  fior  dhroch  chomhlaiche, 
a  chionn,  math  dh'  fhaodte  gur  i  caillcach 
èigin  a  bha  air  i  feiu  a  chur  ann  an  riochd 
gearra.  Oir  bha,  n'am  b'  f hior,  an  cumh- 
achd  so  aig  na  buidsichean  iad  fein  a  chur 
ann  an  cruth  a'  chreutair  cheithir-chasaich 
so. 

Labhraidh  mi-  ann  an  litir  eile  mu'n  ni  so, 
buidseachas,  is  air  an  aobhar  sin  cha'n  abair 
mi  tuillidli  mu  na  cleasan  acasan  aig  an  am. 
Ach  cha  'n  e  'mluiin  gu'n  robh  creutairean 
de'n  t-seùvsa  so  na'n  drocli  chomhlaichean, 
ach  bha  daoine  ann  mar  an  ceudna  nach 
robh  cneasda  a  choinneachadh.  Bha  mi 
fein  eòlach  air  aon  no  dha  aig  an  robh  an 
■cliii  so.  B'aithne  dhomh  duine  coir  'us 
na'm  b'e  a'  cheud  aon  a  thachradh  air  iasg- 
airean,  mar  a  bha  iad  air  an  rathad  thim  a' 
bhàta  aca,  thilleadh  iad  dachaidh,  oir.  cennn 
cha  ghlacadh  iad  n'an  tachradh  esan  orra. 
Cha  'n  aitline  dhomh  carson  a  f  huair  an 
duinc  so  an  t-ainm,  oir  tha  f  hios  agam  nach 
do  thoill  se  e,  oir  is  iomadh  uair  a  thachair 


6  orm  fhein  is  cha  robh  e  riamb  na  dhrocli 
chomhlaiche  dhomh.  Ma  bha  neach  air 
bith  na  dhroch  chomhlaiche,  is  gun  robh  a 
thoil  agad  nach  deanadh  e  coire  ort,  cha 
robh  agad  ach  full  a  thoirt  as  os  ceann 
analach,  is  cha  b'  urrainn  e  coire  air  bith.  a 
dheanamh  ort.  Tha  seann  duine  a  b'aithne 
dhomh,  a  tha  fhathasd  a  lathair  (cho  f hada 
"s  as  fios  domh,)  a  tha  beagan  cearr  's  an 
inntinn.  Bha  e  Ian  do  dh'  ubagaibh  agus  do 
ghisrigeaibhaguslàn  chreidsin  aige  gun  robh 
muinntir  ann  a  bha  na'n  droch  chomhlaich- 
ean. Bha  6  aon  uair  's  an  tràigh  chailleag, 
'usthùinigboireannachcùir  a  thrusadh  maor- 
aich  mar  an  ceudna,  thainig  i  eadar  esan 
agus  a'  ghrian,  's  thuit  a  faileas  air.  Ghrad 
thog  esan  air  a  chliabh  is  dh'  fhalbh  e 
dhachaidh.  An  la'r  na  mhiiireach  bha  e 
dol  do'n  bhaile  mhargaidii  a  b'fhaisgeair,  air 
ghnothach,  is  co  a  chiad  aon  a  thachair  air 
ach  a'  cheart  bhean.  "Bheir  mise  ort," 
ars'  esan,  "nach  bi  thu  daonnan  a'  cur  buid- 
seachas ormsa."  Is  taimear  e  botal  a  bha 
aige  'na  achlais  is  ghearr  e  'bhean  choir  'sa' 
mhaladh.  Thug  e  a  leithid  do  phaillearfc 
dhi  's  gun  do  theab  e  cur  as  di.  Chaidh  a 
thoirt  gu  mod.  Dh'fheòraich  am  breith- 
eamh  dheth  "Ciod  a  thug  ort  a'  bhean  a 
bhualadh?  Ciod  a  rinn  i  ort?"  "Rinni 
gu  leòir  orm"  fhreagair  e,  "bha  i  daonnan  a' 
cur  ubagan  orm,  is  bha  mi  direach  ga  m.' 
dhion  fein  o  a  gisreagaibh  le  fuil  a  thoirt  as 
a  maladh."  Chaidh  fhaighinn  a  mach  nach 
robh  e  gu  buileach  'n  a  chiall  fein,  is  air  an 
aobhar  sin  chaidh  cùram  a  ghabhail  dheth. 
Ach  cha  b'e  daoine  mearanach  a  mhàin  a 
bha  aon  uair  a'  creidsinn  a  leithid  so  do  dh' 
amaideachd,  ach  muinntir  a  bha  pongail 
tuigseacli  gu  leòir  a  thaobh  nithean  eile. 
Tha  mi  'sa'  bheachd  gu'm  bheil  dliith 
dhaimh  eadar  creideamh  ann  an  droch 
chomhlaiche  agus  a'  chleachdainn  ud  a  tha 
coitchionn  gu  leòir  's  a'  bhaile  so  fein  ris  an 
abrar  '\first-footing"  anns  a'  Bheurla.  Is  e 
an  ni  o'm  bheil  a'  chleachdainn  so  a  sruth- 
adh,  gu'm  bheil  e  air  a  mheas  neo  shona  dol 
do  thigh  neach  air  tiis  na  bliadhn'  uire  guu 
tiodlilachd  eigin  a'd  làimh.  Ma  theid  thu 
falamh  ann  tha  thu  a'  toirt  gainne  is  bochd- 
ainn  chum  an  tighe.  Ach  ma  bheir  thu 
leat  tiodlilachd  eigin,  .'us  gum  bheil  thu  fein 
a  bhàrr  air  sin  a'd  chomhlaiche  math  tha 
thu  'toirt  sonais  'us  rath  'ga  ionnsuidh.  Tha 
e  air  a  mheas  na  ni  fior  olc  ni  air  bith  iarr- 
aidh  air  lasad  air  latlia  na  bliadhna  uire: 
gu  sònruichte  fadadh  teine.  Na'n  tuiteadli 
gun  rachadh  an  teine  I'ls  agus  nach  robh 


208 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


Treas  Mios  an  Fhogharaidh,  187?. 


igh  agad  air  fhadadh,  b'  fhcarr  a  bhi  gun 
ne  idir  no    gnn   rachadli  t\\  a  shireadh 
foid  tcine  air  coimhearsnacb.     Na'n  tigcadh 
ncach  a  dli'  iarniidh  teinc  chum  do  thiglic, 
is  gu  robh  droch  rim  'na  bhcachd  Ic  so  a 
dbcanamb,  cha  robh  agad  adi  cibbleag  a 
cbur  ann  an  soitheacb  uisgc,'agus  thuiteadli 
an  teinc  bha  iadsan  a'  toirt  leo  ann  an  lub 
is  racliadb  a  bhàthadh,  is  mar  a    tuiteadh 
cha  robh  iad  comasach  air  coirc  air  bith  a 
dheananih   aona  char,  mar  rachadh   so   a 
dheananih.     Am  cile  a   bha   air   a   niheas 
cearr  foid  tcine  a  thoirt  u  tigh,  n  uair  bhiodh 
leanabh  a  stigh  nach  d' fhuair  na  fiacahm. 
Ma  se  is  gun  d'thugadh  aon  aig  an  robh 
gcasan  air  bith  a  mach   foid   teine   aig   a 
leithid  sin  do  dh'àm,  bha  aobhar  eagail  nach 
faigheadh  am  paisdc  na  fiacalan  idir.     Dh' 
fhairtUch  orm  fhaotainn  a  mach  ciod  a  bu 
stiiidh  do'n  bharail  amaideich  so,  no  ciod  an 
co-cheangail  a  b'  urrainn  a  bhi  eadar  foid 
teine  o"n  teallaich  agus  fiacalan  naoidhein 
's  a'  chrcithcih     Car  do'n  cheart  seùrsa  bha 
beachdan  agus  clcachdainean  a  bha  air  an 
coimhcad  a  thaobh  dol  air  imrich.     Bha  e 
feumail  air  son  so  gum  biodh  hatha  ceart  air 
a  thaghadh.     'N  uair  a  thigeadh  tu  a  chum 
an  tighe  anns  an  robh  thu  ri  còmhnuidli  a 
ghabhail,  bha  e  na  ni  gHc  crcutair  beo  a 
chur  a  stigh  air  an  dorus  ma'n  rachadh  aon 
do'n  teaghlach  a  steach.     Bha  c  na  ni  f  ior 
mi  shona  cat  a  thoirt  air  imrich  uis  lugha 
na  gun  rachadh  a  thilgeil  a  stigh  ma'n  rach- 
adh ball  de'n  carnais  a  steach ;  na'n  rachadh 
so  a  dheanadh  cha  bhiodh  olc  air  bith  a' 
leantuinn  a  bhi  toirt  a'  chait  air  imrich.    Bha 
Di-sathurn  air  a  mheas  na  dhroch  hatha 
dol  air  imrich  agus  Di-luan  na  latha  fior 
shona.     A  reir  scann  rann  a  chuala  mi,  cha 
robh   a  reir  aogais  ach  da  latha  anns  an 
t-seachdainn  air  am  bu  choir  imrich  a  dhean- 
adh.    Tha  an  rann  ag  radh : 
Di  ciadain  craobhaidli, 
Diar-daoin  daladi, 
Di-h-aoine  clia'n  'oil  c  buadhar, 
'S  cha  dual  duit  falbh  am  uiàireach. 
Imricli  an  t-Sathurna  gu  tuath, 
Is  imrich  an  Luain  gu  deas: 
Ged  nach  biodh  again  acb  an  t-uan, 
'Sann  Di-luain  a  dh' fhalbhainn  his. 
Cha    mhòtha    a  bha  e    air  a  mheas   sona 
do'n  aon  a  thigeadh  a'  d'  dhcigh,  na'm  fàg- 
adh  tu  an  tigh  air  a  sguabadh   gu   glan. 
Mar  is  motha  a  bhithcadh  dc  shopan,   de 
smùr,    's  dc    thrcanialusg    fcadh    an   tighe 
'sann  a  bu  mhoth  a  bhiodh  de  bhuaidh  a's  de 
phiseich  air  an  teaghlaich  a  bha  gu  còmh- 
nuidh  ann.      Cha  'n  'cil  c  furasd  'f  haicinn 


ciod  is  ciall  do  'n  t  saohh  bharail  so,  ao 
ciod  an  ceangal  a  tha  eadar  salachar  is  soms. 
Shaoileadh  neach  gur  ann  mar  bu  ghloinnt  a 
bhiodh  tigh  air  fhàgail,  gur  ann  a  bu  lugha 
dragh  a  bhitheadh  acasan  a  bha  'tighinn  3 
chòmhnuidh  ann.  Is  a  bhàrr  air  sin  ma  tla 
sonas  idir  ri  'fhaighinn  's  ann  ann  an  gloia- 
cad  a  tha  e  ri  fhaotuinn  is  cha  'n  ann  idir 
ann  an  salachar.  Tha  eagal  orm  gu'm  fcum 
mi  an  litir  so  a  tharruing  gu  crich.  Tha 
mi'iran  de  shean  bharailibh  eile  air  am  bheil 
a  rim  orm  sgriobhadh  ma's  i  'ur  toil-se, 
Fhir-Ullachaidh,  àite  a  thoirt  dhoibh  's  A' 
Ghaidheal.  Ach,  " foghnaidh  na  dh'fhogh- 
nas"  aig  aon  am,  is  gleidhidhmi  an  còrr  gu  am 
eile.  Air  an  ath  mhios  labhraidh  mi  air  an 
"Droch  Shiiil"  air  "Cronachadh"  agus  air 
an  dòigh  gu  dol  as  uatha.  Ach  nach  mòr 
an  aobhar  thaingealachd,  gu'm  bhcil  na 
Gàidheil  a  nis  cho  saor  o  chreideas  a  thoirt 
do  ghòraich  de'n  t-seòrsa  so  is  'tha  sluagh 
air  bith  's  an  Eoinn-Eòrpa;  gum  bheil  iad 
a  nis  eòlach  air  firinn  De  a  tha  comasach 
an  inntinn  àrdachadh  os  ccann  nan  saobh 
bharailcan  ud.  Buidhcachas  do'n  Fhreasdal, 
gum  bheil  Soisgeul  na  Sithc  a'  dealradh  le 
a  sholus  high  air  feadh  ghlinn  'us  shrathaibh 
nan  garhh  chrioch  'us  gum  bheil  eòlas  is 
fearr  air  sgaoileadh  am  measg  au  t-sluaigh. 
Oir  ged  theagamh  gun  tachair  an  so  agus  an 
sud  oirbh  cor  aon  a  chreideas  na  scan  nith- 
can  faoine  ud,  do'n  mhòr  roinn  de  na 
Gàidhcil,  tha  iad  cho  suarach  is  a  tha  iad 
do'n  teallsanach  as  foghluimichte  's  an  tir. 
Is  ma  tha  cuid  ann  a  tha  'toirt  aithre  dhoibh, 
cha  'n  'eil  iad  ach  a'  deanamh  so  a  chionn  is 
gum  bhcil  na  seann  cithe  sin  mar  "sgeula 
na  h-aimsir  a  dh'  f halbh,"  is  gur  toigh  leo  a 
bhi  'cumail  cuimhne  air  clcachdainean  nan 
"seann  daoine"  a  tha  nis  'n  an  cadal gu  tosd- 
ach  samhach  an  Clachan  'san  Cill.  Ach  na 
di-chuimhnichemaid  ma  tha  solus  is  àirde 
againne  na  bha  acasan,  gu'm  bhcil  0  air  a 
radh  leis  a  bheul  nach  breugnaicliear, 
"Dhoibhsan  do'n  toircar  mòran  iarar  mòran 
uatha."  Ma  tha  air  an  aobhar  sin  solus  is 
àirde  againne  bithidh  suil  gun  d'  thoir  sinn  a 
mach  toradh  is  fearr.  Ach  is  engal  Icani' 
nach  'eil  a'  chuis  mar  sin.  Cha  'n  'eil  mi 
cinnteach  gimi  bheil  tuillidh  seirce  a's  caoimh- 
neis  ri'm  faotuinn  a  nis,  nabha  'nam  measg. 
san.  Ma  tha  tuillidh  soluis  againn  cha 'n 'eil 
am  barrachd  blins  againn. 

'Si  sin  mo  bharailsa,  theagamh  gum  bheil 
mi  ceitrr. 

Is  mi  le  gach  deadh  dhùrachd,  'ur  caraid, 

Glaschu,  air  Cluaidh,  Mlos   \     RUNASDACH. 
meadhoin  an  Fhoghair,  1872.  / 


I  Mios  an  Fhogharaidh,  1872 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


209 


S&EULACHDAN  O'N  "  SGIATHAN- 
ACH." 
An  Gobhainn  agus  am  Ministeab. 
Is  minic  a  bha  guaillean  teine  ann  an 
sgoman  gobhainn,  agus  bu  ro  thaitneach 
leis  a  smàladh  as  le  uisge  ni  's  treasa 
na  uisge  fionnair  an  tobair.  Air  la  àraidh 
chòmhlaich.  gobhainn  na  sgireachd  am 
ministear,  agus  thachair  gu  'n  robh  an 
rathad-mòr  rud  beag  cumhann  dha;  gidh- 
eadh,  cbuir  e  failte  air  a'mhinistear,  a  thubh- 
airt  ris,  "  0  Sheumais,  Sbeumais,  tba  mi  ro 
bhrònach  'f  haicinn  gu'm  bheil  thu  air  tois- 
eacbadh  air  do  sheann  cleachdadh  a  ris,  dh' 
aindeoin  nam  bòid  a  thug  thu  gu  minic 
seachad.  Ciod  a  dh'  eireas  duit,  a  dhuine 
thruaigh,  agus  ciod  a  tba  thu  'cur  romhad 
a  dheanamh  de  "n  bhallachan  gille  so  agad, 
— brogach  glan,  tapaidh,  gleusda  gu'n  teag- 
amh?"  "  Ma  ta,  a  mbinisteir  Pchoir,  tha^mi 
'cur  romham  a  dheanamh  dheth  ni  nach 
Tirrainn  thusa,  ged  is  duine-uasal,  fiosrach, 
fòghluimte  thu,  a  dheanamh,  dhe  d'  mhac 
fein."  "  Ciod  sin,  a  Shei^mais,  innis  domh. 
innis  domh  air  ball,  ciod  sin?"  "Ma  ta. 
le'r  cead,  a  mhinisteir,"  ars'  an  gobhainn  le 
fiamh-'ghaire,  "  tba  mi  'cur  romham  duine 
a  dheanamh  dheth  moran  ni 's  fearr  n'a 
athairl" 


Thig  beo  gu  sdbhailceach. 
Bi-sa  bochd,  agus  buanaich  ann,  Ogan- 
aich,  an  uair  a  ta  muinntir  eile  mu'n  cuairt 
duit  a'  fas  saibhir  trid  foimeirt  agus  fòill. — 
Bi-sa  gu'n  inbh,  gu'n  chumhachd,  am  feadh 
'sa  ta  sluagh  eile  ag  tiridh  suas  air  slighibh 
sleamhuinn  na  h-eucorach.  Fulling  gach 
àmhghar  a  dh'  eireas  o  mhealladh-dòchais, 
agus  gnàthaich  foighdinn,  an  uair  a  ta  cuid 
eile  a'  dol  air  an  aghaidh  gu  goileamach, 
miodalach,  seòlta!  Paisg  thu  fein  suas 'n 
ad'  shubhailc  fein  agus  na  cum  comunn  ach 
ri  fior  charaid,  '■  oir  sgriòsar  companach 
nan  amadan."  larr  t-aran  laitheil,  agus  air 
a  shuarraichead,  hi  tàingeil,  toilichte  leis. 
Ma  dh'  fhasas  tu  aosmhor,  liath,  air  an  t- 
slighe  urramaicli  so,  dean  gairdeachas,  agus 
do'n  Ard-Eigh  thoir  fior  thàingeilcachd  do 
chridhe! 

DONNCHADH   DuBH. 

BbaDonnchadh  Dubh  ro  chomharraichte 
air  son  gach  innleachd  a  ghnàthaichcadh 
leis  chum  e  fein  a  chuideachadh  ann  an  coir 
no  'n  eucoir.  Cha  bhiodh  ni  sam  bith  a 
dhitb  air  Donnchadh,  'nam  biodh  e  idir  far 
an  ruigeadh  a  làmhan  air.    La  de  na  laith- 


bh  bha  muc  mhòr,  reamhar  aig  Cailean 
Ban,  duine  bochd  aig  an  robh  bothan-tighe 
goirid  o  thigh  Dhunnchaidh  Dhuibb. 
Smuainich  Cailean  gu'n  robh  an  t-àm  aige 
a'  mhuc  a  mharbbadh  agus  a  shailleadh. 
Ach  CO  a  thàinig  an  rathad  ach  Donnchadh 
Dubh,  a  bha  deas  gu  deagh  chombairle 
a  thoirt  do  Chailean  mu'n  t-seòl  air  an 
uUaicheadh  e  gach  ni  mu'n  mhuic.  "  A 
nis,  a  Chailein,"  deir  Donnchadh,  "  cha 'ri 
'eil  aon  mu'n  cuairt  duit  am  fad 's  am  fagus, 
aig  nach  'eil  deagb-fhios  gu'n  do  mharbh 
thu  a'  mhuc  mhòr  andiugh,  agus  thig  iad 
as  gach  cearn  agus  cùil  a  dh'  iarraidh 
chriomana  a  db'  f  haicinn  am  bheil  an  fheoil 
maith  reamhar;  ach  's  e  so  a  ni  thusa, 
Chailein,  gabh  a'  mhuc  agus  tilg  's  an  allt 
i  re  na  h-òidhche.  Cruaidhichidh  an  t-uisge 
fuar  an  fheoil,  agus  ni  e  glan  i,  agus  freag- 
arrach  air  son  an  t-salainn.  Ma  thig  neach 
sam  bith  chum  do  thighe  'sa  "maduinn  a  dh' 
fhoighneachd  mu  'timchioll,  thoir  do 
mbionnan  gu'n  do  ghoideadh  i,  agus  an  sin 
cha  bhi  diiil  aca  ri  mir  di  fhaotuinn." 
■Rinn  an  duine  bochd,  amaideach,  mar  a  dh' 
iarradh  air,  agus  thilg  e  closach  na  muice 
's an  linne  goirid  on  tigh.  Thàìnig  Donn- 
chadh Dubh  anns  an  oidhche,  an  uair  a  bba 
Cailean  bochd  'n  a  chodal,  agus  ghoid  e  a* 
mhiic  air  falbh  as  an  allt.  Air  an  ath 
mhaduinn,  air  do  Chailean  'fhaicinn  mar  a 
thachair,  thug  e  gu  grad  tigh  Dhonnchaidh 
air,  agus  dh'  innis  e  dha  gu  'n  do  ghoideadh 
a  mhuc  gu'n  teagamh  sam  bith.  "Eo 
cheart,  ro  cheart,  a  Chailein,  abair  thusa 
sin,  agus  mo  lamhsa  nach  eagal  duit." 
"  Ach,  tha  mi  darireadh,  a  Dhonnchaidh, 
gu  deimhin  asus  gun  teagamh  dh'  fhalbh  a 
mhuc."  "Dh'  fhalbh,  dh'  fhalbh,  ro  cheart, 
ro  cheart,  direach  abair  thusa  sin,  a  Chailein, 
agus  cha'n  eagal  duit."  "Eisd  rium,  a 
Dhonnchaidh,"  agus  e  a'  lasadh  suas  le 
gnè  chorruich,  "eisd  rium  an  uair  a  tha  mi, 
air  m'onair,  a'  cur  an  ceill  duit  gu'n  do 
ghoideadh  a'  mhuc  co  cinnteach  ris  a'  bhas." 
"Sin  c  direach,  a  Chailein;  'sje  sin  a'  cheart 
ni  a  dh'  iarr  mi  ort ;  thoir  thusa  an  còmh- 
nuidh  t'f  hocal  gu'n  do  ghoideadh  a'  mhuc, 
agus  cha  chuir  na  coimhearsnaich  dragh 
sam  bith  ort;  cuimhnich  sin  a  Chailein, 
agus  dean  do  ghnothuch  gu  ro  nihaith.'^ 
Cha  deanadh  e  feum  's  am  bith  do  'n  duine 
bhochdsmid  tuilleadhalabbairt;  dh' fhalbh 
e  gu  brònach  dhachaidh,  agus  ghleidh  'us- 
dh'  ith  Donnchadh  Dubh  a'  chreach ! 

Sgiathanach. 


210 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


Treas  Hios  an  Fhogharaidb,  1872. 


GUTH    O    CHANADA. 

A  GH.UDIIEIL    RUNAICH, 

Am  feadh  u  tha  inoran  dhaoine  caoimli- 
neil  agus  suairce  ann  an  tir  nam  beann  a' 
cur  fiiilte,  'us  furan  oirbh,  agus  a'  guidhe 
LVithean  fada  fabharach  duibh,  tha  iarrtus 
làidir  agam  innscadh  duibh  gu  'ni  bhcil 
bhur  càirdeau  lioumhor  ana  an  Canada  ro 
thoilichte  gun  d'  f  huair  sibh  aoidheachd  co 
taitneach  agus  co  faoilidh  air  taobla  thall  a' 
chuain.  Cha  dean  sinn  idir  di-chuimhne  gur 
anns  an  dvithaich  òig  f harsuing  aghartaich 
so  a  sgaoil  sibh  'ur  brcidean  geahi  ris  an 
t-soirbhcas  air  tiis.  Cha'n'eil  sprochd  no 
mi-thlachd  oirnn  ged  a  thrvig  sibh  sinn,  agus 
a  phlanntaich  sibh  'ur  n'  ;\ite-tuinidh  ann 
an  dùthaich  ar  n-athraichean.  Dileas  do 
Abhaistean  laghach  mhalda  nan  Gàidheal, 
nochdaidh  sinn  gun  amharus  nach'eilach 
smuaintcan  caoimhneil  a'  lionadh  ar  cridh- 
eachan  an  trath  a  tha  sinn  a'  faicinn  turus 
CO  reidh,  ciiiin  romhaibh,  agus  snuadh  co 
dreachmhor  g'ur  còrahdachadh.  Cha  bhi 
sibh  feargach  mu  dh'innseas  mi  duibh  gum 
bheil  dòchas  làidir  aig  Gàidheil  Chanada 
nach  dean  sibh  dearmad  air  -iomradh  a 
dheanamh  air  ar  duthaich  agus  air  na 
gniomharan  mura  'tha  sinn  a'  gabhail  oirnn. 
God  is  gcàrr  an  ùine  o'n  a  rinn  sibh  imrich, 
thachair  iomadh  ni  'n  ar  measg  a  tlia  araon 
airidh  air  cliù  agus  Ian  de  dhòchas  làidir. 
Tha  fios  cinnteach  pongail  agaibh  fiJin  gum 
bheil  Canada  'g  eiridh  gu  hiath  ann  an  ion- 
mhas,  ann  an  corahfhurtachd,  agus  ann  an 
cumhachd.  O'n  a  chaidh  roinnean  Chanada 
'aonadh  agus  a  f  huair  sinn  Parlamaid  anns 
am  bheil  daoino  tapaidh  seòlta  hìio  gach 
ceàrna  's  an  tir  a'  suidhe  Ic  chcdle,  tha  e 
furasda  'fhaicinn  gun  d'  imich  sinn  chcana 
astar  mòr  ann  an  sealbh  a  ghabhail  anns  an 
diithaicli  f harsuing  fhoghaintich  a  bhuin- 
eas  duinn.  Tha  gach  ce.irna  'nis  le  didan 
'us  dealas  gaisgeil  a'  saoithreachadh  a  chum 
^gach  riaghiilt  a  chur  air  chois  agus  gach 
'oidhirp  ghasda  'dheanamh  trid  an  d' thig 
oirnn  pailteas  a's  modha  agus  sonas  ni's 
àirde  na  mheal  sinn  f  hathast.  Aig  an  am 
so  fein  tha  upraid  mhòr  air  feadh  na  diith- 
cha  do  blirigh  gun  d'  thàinig  am  taghaidh 
na  Parlamaid  hire.  Mar  tha  fios  agaibh 
fein,  is  e  an  Ridir  Iain  Mac-Dhòmhnuill  a 
tha  an  dràsda  'stiìiircadh  long  na  diithcha. 
Tha  mòran  dhaoino  g'a  chàineadh  a;^'us  g'a 
smàdadh,  a'  cumail  a  mach  nach  'eil  e  idir 
airidh  air  mcas  'us  ughdarras.  Tha  e  da 
rireadh  furasda  coirc  fliaotainn.  Is  eduine 
seòlta,  tapaidh,  geur-inntinncach  a  tha  anns 


an  Ridire.  Bha  dragh  'us  àmhghar  mòr 
aige  mu  'n  do  chiiiinich  e  iomadh  duine 
fiar  crosda  aig  nach  robh  iarrtus  air  bith 
gun  toiseachamaid  le  cheile  air  farsuing- 
eachd  uamhasach  na  mòr-roinn  so  àiteach- 
adh  agus  fhosgladh  suas.  Anns  na  coig 
bliadhanchan  a  tha  'nis  seachad,  shoirbhich 
le  Mac-Dhomhnuill  agus  a  chàirdean.  Tha 
Canada  cheana  diongmholta  agus  samhach; 
tha  oibrean  mora  'dol  air  an  aghaidh;  tha 
cabhlach  lurach  a'  lionadh  nan  abhnaichean; 
tha  rathaidean  iaruinn  g'an  deanamh ;  agus, 
an  creid  sibh  so?  bithidh,  ann  an  ùine 
gheùrr,  an  t-each  iaruinn  a'  srùunail  gus  a' 
chuan  mhòr  a  tha  air  cid  America.  Inn- 
sibh  do  na  h-Albannaich  uile  guni  bheil 
iomadh  mile  acair-fhearainn  ann  am  Mani- 
toba, far  nach  do  chinn  arbhar  riamli,  agus 
far  am  bheil  talamh  trom  brighmhor.  Tha 
tuarasdal  mòr  air  a  thairgseadh  do  gach 
seirbhiseach  a  tha  toileach  saothair  dhligh- 
each  a  dheanamh.  Tha  fosgladh  gasda 
gealltanach  air  gach  taobh  do  luchd-imrich 
dhichioUach  dheanadach.  Is  maith  a  thig  e 
dhuibhse  impidh  a  chur  air  gach  Albannach 
nach  'eil  toilichte  le  'charamh  ann  an  duth- 
aich athraicliean,  aghaidh  a  thionudadh  a 
dh  'ionnsuidh  Chanada.  Bithidh  e  duilich 
geur-bharail  a  thabhairt  seachad  mu  dheidh- 
inn  na  còmhstri  a  tha  aig  an  am  so  a'  luasg- 
adh  na  diithcha.  Cha  bhi  e  idir  iongantach 
mu  gheibh  an  Ridir  Mac-Dhomhnuill  greim 
air  an  àrd-inbhe  'tha  e  'nis  a'  sealbhachadh 
re  coig  bliadhnachan  eile.  Ma  dh'  f  haoidte 
gun  cuala  sibh  gu'n  d'  thàinig  a'  chrioch  air 
Iain  Sandfield  Mac-Dhomhnuill.  Cha  robli 
ann  ach  balach  bochd  Gaidhealach  gun 
mhaoin,  gun  charaid  cumhaclidach,  ann  an 
toiseach  a  laithean.  Gidheadh  le  dichioll 
's  le  tapachd  a  bha  comharruichte,  choisina 
e  maoin  'us  ainm  'us  seasamh  àrd  ann  aa 
gnothaichean  na  diithcha.  Gu  latha  'bhais, 
bha  e  measail  air  a'  Ghailig,  agus  bu  mhaith, 
bu  sgiobalta,  's  bu  jihongail  a  labhradh  e  i. 
Agus  chriochnuich  an  t-OUamh  Urram- 
ach,  blàthchridlieach,  deas-chainnteach  Mac 
Leòid  a  chuairt  thalmhaidh!  An  duine 
lagliach,  bàigheil,  deas-fhoclach,  dh'eug  e. 
An  Gùidheal  grinn  stuama,  bha  sinn  uile 
proiseil  gum  buineadh  e  dhuinn.  Dhuisg 
teachdaireachd  bàis  an  duine  mhòir  so 
raulad  mòr  ann  an  iomadh  cridhe  'san. 
diitliaich  so.  Bha  sinn  uile  miu-eòlach  air 
treubhantas  'us  eud  'us  dichioll  Tliormoid; 
agus  air  an  aobhar  so  blia  sinn  tiamhaidh 
smalanach  an  uair  a  ràinig  an  naidheachd 
bhrònach  sinn.     'N  uair  a  tha  'Bhan-righ. 


Tress  Mios  an  Fhogharaldb,  1872, 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


211 


■bheusacli  gLaolach,  prionnsaclian  agus  tigh 
eaman,  sgoileirean  mora  agus  daoine  diadh 
uidb  a'  deanamh  luaidh  air  àilleachd  'us 
gaisge  'us  fogbainteachd  Thormoid,  cead- 
aichibh  dhuinne  ann  an  Canada  'n  ni  so 
aithris:  gum  bheil  doilgbeas  mòr  oirnn  gun 
do  tbuit  an  laoch  mòrail,  meamnacb,  oir 
bba  gràdb  ar  cridbe  againn  air,  agus  bba 
sinn  Ian  aoibhneis,  'us  aighearracb,  an  tràtb 
a  cbuala  sinn  gun  robb  Tormoid  Mac  Leoid 
a  teacbd  a  nail  tbar  a'  chuain  ann  an  ùine 
gbeàrr. 

"Cha'n  fbàilnicb  a  cbumbacbd  no  a  cbliù, 
'S  cha  gbearar  a  cbuimhne  o  mbeasg  an 
t-slòigh." 
Mu  bbitbeas  sibh  iarrtuiseach  air  fiosracb- 
adb  'fbaotainn  bbo  ana  gu  am,  ciamar  tha 
cùisean  a'   soirbheacbadb  ann  an  Canada, 
cuiridb  mi  le  toileacbadli  mùr  iomadb  litir 
d'  ur  n-ionnsuidb, 
Is  mise, 
Le  mòr  urram  agus  deadh  run, 
Bbur  caraid  dileas, 

ONTARIO. 

Treas  mios  an  t-Samhraidh,  1872. 


ALTACHADH-BEATHA 
DO  Shir  Coinneach  Mac-Choinnich, 
Triath  Ghearr-Loch 
Air  dba  seilbh  a  gbabbail  ana  am  Fearann 
'Aitbrichean.      O'n    gbiùlan   ghealltauach 
a  bb'  aige  'n  a  mhion-aois  bba  gach  bochd 
'us  beartach  dhetb   'cbuid  iocbdarain   'am 
beò-dhòchas  gum  biodh  e  cosmhuil  ri  'aith- 
ricbean,  'na  uacbd;iran  fiiigbantacb,  fogh- 
ainteach,  iiiosal,  agus  bàigbeil. 

M'aoibhneas  eibhinn,  inntinneach. 
An  sgeul  an  dràsd'  cliaidb  innseadb  dliomb, 
'  S  e  gbleus  mo  cbàil  cho  iunsgineacb 
Gu  seinu  mo  tboil  do  'n  òig-f  hear. 
'S  e  gbleus  mo  chidl,  &c. 

'S  e  'n  t-òig-f  hearr  meadbracb  matbasacb, 
Tbafiùghail,  fialaidb,  flatbasach, 
A  dh-fbàs  a  stoc  neo-gbaiseadacb, 
Taigh  Eacbimnach  nan  ròiseal. 
A  db-fhas  a  stoc,  &c. 

'Bbi  gabbail  seilbh  le  barantas, 
'An  àros  àdbmbor  aithricheau, 
'S  a'  choir,  's  an  staoidTiie  bb'  aca  sud, 
Le  macantas  gun  mbòr-chuis. 

'S  a'  choir,  's  an  sfaoidhle,  &c. 

B'e  suaicbeantas  na  h-aitim  ud, 
Mar  chite  'n  sròl  am  brataichean. 


Ceann  ciar-dbearg,  cràcacb,  cabarach, 
Damb  aigeannach  nam  mùi-bheann. 
Ceann  ciar-dhearg,  Szc. 

Bu  lionmhor  cliii  ri  'fhaotuinn  orr', 
lad  caoimhneil,  càirdeil,  daonnachdach, 
lad  miiimeacb,  meineach,  faoilteachail, 
Gu  gaolach,  glic,  Ian  eòlais. 
lad  miiirneacb,  &c. 

Mar  charraig  chruaidb  nach  caraicheadh, 
Ged  reubadh  stoirm  an  talamb  dbith, 
Gu  seasadh  iad  le  'n  glas-lanna, 
A'  casgairt  luchd  an  comh-stri. 
Gu  seasadh  iad,  &c. 

B'iad  sud  na  leògbainn  bhuadbarra, 
Bha  colgail,  ainmeil,  cruadabich, 
Bhiodli  armach,  meanmnacb,  luatb-gbaireacb- 
'N  uair  ghluaiseadh  iad  'san  tùracbd. 
Bhiodb  armach,  &c. 

Bu  chleachdacb  anns  a'  mhaduinn  leo 
Bbi  direadh  mach  ri  bealaicbean, 
Gu  gunnacb,  cuimseach,  grad-Kimbach, 
Chum  tachairt  ri  fear  croice. 
Gu  gunnacb,  &c. 

Be  sud  an  còmblan  àbbachdach, 
Le  'm  miol-choin  ghlas,  's  le  'n  spaintichean, 
Bhiodh  fuilteacb,  calgach,  làn-shacach, 
'N  am  teàrnaidb  dhoibh  le  solas. 
Bhiodh  fuilteacb,  &c. 

'S  iar  ruigbeacbd  Teach  na  rioghalufhd, 
Bhiodh  tiunal  fhear  'us  nionag  ann, 
'S  bhiodh  deoch  'g  a  h-òl  a  piosau  ac; — 
Deagh  fhidhleireacbd  'us  òrain, 
'S  bhiodh  deoch,  &c. 

Bhiodh  IMac-nan-creag  gu  sprcigeanta 

Ag  aithris  ceòl  nam  feadanau, 

'S  an  talla  gbreadhuach  sbeasgaireacb, 

'M  biodh  fleasgaicbean  'an  òrdugb. 

'^  an  talla  gbreadhuach,  &:c, 
Bu  dionach  bhlàth  an  f  hasdail  ac. 
Do  bhàird,  do  chliair,  's  do  cheatharnaich, 
'Bhiodh  duanach,  fuaimneacb,caithreamacb^ 

Le  carthannas  nan  seòd  ud. 

Bhiodh  duanuch,  &c. 
'S  a  Choinnich  òig  b'  i  nv  iarratas, 
O'n  's  geug  o  sbùgh  nam  friamh  ud  thu, 
Gu  meas  thu  'n  ainm  's  an  riaghailtoan, 

Ni 's  fiachaile  na  'n  stòras. 

Gu  meas  thu  'n  ainm,  &c. 
Na  lean  'an  ceum  nan  uachdaran, 
A  tha  'cur  fas  nan  tuatb-bbailtean, 
Le'n  docha  Icidh  m'  an  cuairt  orra, 

'S  a  sluagb  a  chur  air  f  ògai'. 

Le'n  docha  fciJh,  &c. 


212 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


Treas  Mios  an  Fhoghar^dh,  187*. 


Ach  ùraich  's  an  Aois  laruinn  so 
'Am  measg  na  tuath'  a  riaghlas  tu, 
Gach  cleachdadh  bli'  aig  an  tighearnan, 

'S  cha  bhriag  ged  "theirt'  Aois  Oir  rith' 
Gach  cleachdadh,  &c, 

Bi  beachdail,  smachdail,  reusanta, 
Gu  duineil,  seasmhach,  treubhanta, 
Na  faic  a'  choir  gu  heigneachadh, 

'S  na  h-eisd  ri  guth  hichd  fòirneirt. 
Na  faic  a'  choir,  &c. 

Bi  aoigheil,  bàigheil,  sìobhalta, 
'N  uair  thachras  ort  au  diobarach; 
Biodh  bantraichean  'us  dilleachdain, 
Ro  chinuteach  as  do  chòmhnadh. 
Biodh  bantraichean,  &c. 

'S  bi  'dh  rath,  'us  miadh,  'us  urrani  dhuit, 
Gu  fialaidh,  pailt,  's  gu  bunaiteach, 
'S  ni  sith,  'us  sàimh,  'us  subhachas, 
A'd'  thuineachas  an  còmhauidh, 
'S  ni  sith,  &c. 

'Us  thig  gach  ni  gu  'n  gnathsalachd, 
Mar  chleachd  na  suiun  o'n  tainig  tu, 
'S  bi  'dh  fonn,  'us  ceòl,  'us  àbhachdas, 
'An  Gearr-loch  mar  bu  nos  dhoibh. 
'S  bi'dh  fonn,  &c. 

Deagh  shaoghal  fada,  fallain  dut, 
"•An  cUii,  am.  miiirn,  's  an  tapantachd, 
Biodh  beannachd  thuath'  'us  cheathairn'  dut 
'd  mo  bheannachd  fein  an  tòs  dut. 
Biodh  beannachd,  &c. 

LOCH-AILLSE 


DO    NEOINEAN 

A    BHA    a'    CINNTINN    GU  DOSRACH    URAR    FO 

BHLATH  AIR  AN  RATHAD  MHOR  AIR  MAD- 

VIKS  NA  BLIADHNA  UIRE,  18G8. 

B'  ann  air  maduinn  na  bliadhn'  ùire, 

Ann  an  diildachd  'geamhraidh, 
A  chunnaic  mise  neòinean  àillidh. 

'S  6  mar  bhlàth  an  t-samhraidh. 
Cha  b'ann  fo  chiirani  gàradair, 

No'm  bruachan  bl;\  an  all  tain, 
Ach  air  rathad  mòr  an  rìgh, 

Gun  sion  do  fhasgadh  ann  da. 
Bha  crodh  is  caoirich  air  gach  taobh, 

'S  gach  bile*g  f  haoiu  gu  chreim  ac', 
Ach  saltairt  air  no  beantainn  ris, 

Cha  robh  ann  aon  a  rinu  e. 
Bha  ghucag  geal  le  bile  dearg, 

Bu  mhais  do  ghruaidh  bean  bainnse, 
'S  gach  duilleag  uain  mar  roth  mu'n  cuairt 
'Ga  dhion  o  fhuachd  's  o  chrainnteachd. 


O  's  ann  mar  sud  'tha  iomadh  neach, 

'S  iad  ruisgte  ris  an  t-saoghal, 
Tha  deuchainn  plàigh  is  buairidhean, 

A'  cuairteachadh  gach  taobh  dhiubh. 

Ach  ged  a  dh'  f  heud  gach  cruaidh  chàs  ud 
An  cuir  gu  bruach  na  h-eiginn, 

Gidheadh  gu  bràth  cha  tuit  iad  sios 
Is  làmh  'g  an  dlon  nach  leir  doibh. 

An  Ti  a  ghleidh  an  neòinean  faoin 
Tre  mheadhon  geamhraidh  gailbheich 

Gu'n  gluidh  tre  gheamhradh'n  t-saoghail  so 
Gach  neach  a  làimh  a  dhearbas. 

I.  C. 
Leadaig. 


BAS  SHEJTACHERIB. 
Mar  mliadadh  a  chromas  gu  moch  air  a'  chrò, 
Craos-fhosgailteach,  fad-fhiaclach,  geur- 

ineach,  beò ; 
Mar  sid  rinn  àrd-cheannard  Assyria  'teacM, 
Ann  am  purpur  's  un  or  uile-còmhdaicht' 

bha  'fheachd. 
Mar  bhoillsge  reult  oidhche  air  muir  Ghalili 
Bha  dealaa  an  lannan  a  lean  e  mar  Righ. 
Mar  dhuilleach  na  coille  's  an  samhradh  'n  a 

àird, 
'S  au  f  heasgar  cho  lionmhor  bha  armailt 

nan  sàr ; 
Mar  dhuilleach  na  coille  'sam  foghar  air  triall, 
Bha  armailt  nan  treun  'n  uair  a  dh-cirich  a' 

ghrian  I 

Oir  db'imich  am  Bàs  ann  an  carbad  na  gaoith* 
'S  del  seachad  thug  'anail  dhoibh  galar  'us 

gaoid, 
lad  uile  'n  an  sincadh  'an  suan-chadal  trom, 
Bhuin  an  t-aog  do  na  seòid,  'scha  robh  deò 

ann  an  com; 
Gun  ghluasad  'n  a  shineadh  'an  sid  air  an 

fheur 
Bha'n  stcud-eacli  a  b'uallaiche  gluasad  an 

de, 
Bha  'cliuinean  cruin,  fosgailte,  dearg,  ach 

ma  bha, 
Dh'fhalbh  anail  na  misnich  'sua  sitrich  gu 

bràth, 
'S  bha  cobhar  a'  chruaidh-ghleachd  mu  'n 

cuairt  air  gach  taobh. 
Mar  chop-goal  nan  stuadh  air  an  sguaba'  le 

gaoith. 

Bha  'marcach  'n  a  shineadh  'an  sior-chadal 

fuar, 
'Armachd  air  meirgeadh  's  an  dealt  air  a 

ghruaidh. 


Tre*sMios  an  Fhogharaidh,  1872. 


A^  GAIDAEAL. 


213 


Na  pàilleanan  samhach,  gun  giiàire,  gun 

cheòl, 
'S  na  brataichean  uile  gun  duine  'n  an  còir, 
Na  lannan  caol,  direach.  'n  an  sìneadh.  's  an 

fheur, 
^Sna  trompaidean  ard-ghu'ach  sàmliach,  gun 

gheum; 
Tlia  bantraichean  Asuir  ri  coranaich  àrd, 
'S  cru  sìorruidli  fo  mlii-cliliù  tlia  lodhalan 

^  Bhàail; 
Oun  cliòmhrag  's  gun  iomairt  tha  'n  Cinn- 

each  'us  'fheachd 
Ann  am  fianuis  'ur  Dia-ne  air  leagliadh.  mar 

slmeaclid!  "Bun-Lochabak," 


NAIDHEACHDAN. 

Mu  dheidhinn  na  ceisde  cudthromaich  a 

bha  eadar  sinn  fein  agus  America,  tha  sinn 

j  toilichte  'iunseadh,  gu'm  bheil  i  gu  bhi  air 

;  a  cur  gu   taobh   gun   dàil    ann   an   dòigh 

'  shiociiail.    Bho  cheann  ùine  bha  co-chruinn- 

:  eachadh  ann  an  Geneva,  a'  rannsachadh  na 

ciiise,  agus  a'  deanamh  deas  air  son  breath 

a  thoirt.     Bha  na  h-Americanaich  ag  iarr- 

aidh  gu'm  pàidheadh  Breatuiun  £9,479,160. 

133.  4d.  air  son  a'  chall  a  rinn  an  Alabama 

j   (agus  na  soithichean  eile  bha  maille  rithe) 

I  ©rra.    Clia  phàidheadh  Breatuinn  an  t-suira 

so,  oir  bha  i  air  a  saoilsinn  ro  mhòr,  agus 

air  a  h-iarraidh  gu  mearaclidach ;  ach  air  a' 

chùis  thug  a'  bhuidheann  a  dh-ainmich  sinn 

breth,    agus   si   sin   gum   pàidhear   do  na 

h-Americanaich  £3,229,166.  I3s.  4d.     Air 

do  uile  chisibh   na   rioghachd   blii   air   an 

tional,  bithidh  pailteas  airgid  aig  àrd  ionmh- 

asair  a'  chruin  'n  a  mhaileid  gus  na  fiachan 

leibeideach  so  a  phàidheadh. 

Bha  an  t-àrm  Breatuinneach  cruinn  air  a' 
mhios  a  chaidh  seachad  ann  an  ceann  deas 
Shasuinu,  ri  iomairt  a's  deas,  mar  gu'm 
b'  ann  ri  cogadh  a  bhitheadh  iad.  Bha  iad 
air  an  roinn  'u  am  buidheannaibh;  ceannard 
air  gach  buidheann,  agus  iad  a'  stri  co  bu 
deise  'sa  b'ealanta  an  am  a'  chruadail.  Ged 
a  thug  feadhainn  de  na  ceannardaibh  iom- 
adh  òidugh  tuaireapach,  gidheadh  bha  a' 
chuid  mhor  de  'n  obair  gu  math  's  gu  sgiob- 
alt'  air  a  deanamli. 

Dh'ainmich  sinn  anns  an  t-seachdamh 
àiraamh  de  'n  Ghaidheal  gun  robh  a' 
bhan-righ  gu  cuairt  a  thoirt  do'n  taobh 
tuath;  agus  rinn  i  sin.  Air  an  t-seathamh 
latha  da  dhara  mios  an  Fhoghair  chaidh  i 
tuath  gu  ruig  Dun-Roibin.  Mar  a  bha  i 
'del  air  a  h-aghaidh  bha  còmhlanan  'ga 
«oinaeachadh  anns  gaeh  àite  's  an  robh  an 


carbad  iaruinn  a'  stad.  Bha  Prothaiste 
gach  baile  a'  toirt  sgriobhadh  di,  a'  cur  an 
ceill  taingealachd  an  t-sluaigh  agus  an  toil- 
eachais  air  son  i  a  thighinn  'n  am  measg. 
Bha  mòran  greadhnachais  mu  na  h-àitean 
's  an  robh  i  'stad ;  ach  os  cionn  gach  àite 
tha  sinn  a'  cluinntinn  gu'n  choisinn  Eilgin 
an  turram,  Ann  an  (ioillspidh  bha  na 
briathraibh  so  anns  a'  Ghàilig  air  an  sgriobh-  , 
adh  feadii  a'  bhaile,  "  Ar  Buidheachas  do'a 
Bhuadhaich;"  "Na  h-uile  latha  'chi  's  nach 
fhaic;"  "slàintedhuibh  a's  solas,"  "Ceudmile 
fàilte  do  Chataobh."  &c.  Cha  robh  'leithid 
a  dh-fhuaim  'sa  thartair  rioghail  'san  taobh 
tuath,  theagamh,  o  linn  righ  Fhionnghail 
'sna  Feinne.  Tha  iomradh  am  measg  nam 
paipearan  naidheachd  gu'm  bheil  mac  aa 
Uiiic  Chataich  a'  dol  a  phòsadh  Beitiris,  an 
aon  nighean  a  tha  gun  phòsadh  de'n  teagh- 
lach  rioghail.  Tha  am  Marcus  òg  bliadhna- 
thar-fhichead,  agus  a'  bhan-phrionnsa  sia- 
bliadhna-diag  a  dh-aois. 

Tha  diii  gach  galair,  an  Einderpesf,  an 
deigh  bristeadh  a  raach  a  measg  a'  chruidh 
ann  an  Siorramachd  York.  Chaidh  gach 
ni  a  chleachdadh  air  son  a  chumail  gun 
sgaoileadh, — ach  gun  fheum  sam  bith. 
Tha  e  'sgaoileadh  's  an  t-siorramachd  sin, 
a^us,  mar  a  till  e  gu  h-aithghearr,  cha 
b'iongantas  leiun  ged  a  bhiodh  iomradh  air 
e  'bhi  'an  Albainn  ann  an  iiine  ghearr. 

Tha  'u  t-iasgach  's  an  airde  an  Ear  a  nise 
criochnaichte  air  son  bliadhna.  'An  Inbhir- 
ùig,  's  anns  na  h-àitibh  iasgaich  eile  'au 
Cataobh  's  an  Gall-thaobh,  cha  do  ghlacadh 
idir  uiread  's  a  ghlacadh  an  uiridh.  Ach  'an 
Ceann-a'-Phàdruig,  as  puirt  eile  's  chearn- 
aidh  sin,  ghlacadh  mòran  eisg.  Bha  mu'n 
cuairt  do  mhile  bàta  a  mach  a  Geana-a'- 
Phiidruig  as  Abar-eadhain,  agus  ghlac  iad 
dlii  air  ciad  gu  leth  mile  crann:  no  ciad  ga 
leth  crann  air  a  cheile.  Tha  deagh  phris 
air  an  sgadan  's  na  puirt  thall,  agus  a  bhos 
mar  an  ceudna.  Cha-n-eil  iasgach  trom 
sam  bith  f  hathasd  anns  an  àirde  au  lar,  ach 
bi  'dh  dùil  nach  d'  theid  an  Geamhradh 
seachad  gun  e  gluasad  'an  àiteigin. 

Tha  'n  gaiseadh  anns  a  bhuntàta  ann  an 
cuid  de  chearnaidhean  (mar  a  dh-ainmich 
sinn  roimlie)  ach  tha  sinn  a'  cluinntinn  nach 
'eil  a  choltas  air  gu'n  teid  e  na's  f  haide  air 
aghaidh. 

Tha  'n  aimsear  anabaiTach  flinch  anns 
gach  cearna.  Tha  na  tuathanaich  a  muigh- 
eadh  gur  h-eiginn  doibh  na  prisean  a  thogail 
na's  àirde  na  'tha  iad — ged  a  bha  muinntir 
a'  orearan  air  an  airdid  o  chionn  f  hada. 


214 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


Treas  Mlosan  Fhogharaidh,  1872» 


Cba'n  'eil  neach  air  thalamh 
Nach  fheum  'bin  ga  ghabhail, 
'S  cha  tig  iad  ro  mhath  as  a  dbith. 

2.  'S  e  'ni  fiodh  an  iuchair, 
'Se'n  t-uisge  'ghlas; 
Chailleadh  na  sealgairean, 
'Sfbuair  an  t-sealg  ds. 

3.  ;  Chi  mi  thall  air  fanas, 
'Sail-  bàrr  na  roite  ruaidhe 
A  mac  a'  tighinn  bho  'n  mhJitbair, 
'S  a  mhàtbair  ag  imeacbd  uaitbe. 

4.  D;i  fhitheacb  air  a'  chreig, 
Da  fbitheacb  gob  ri  gob, 
Fitheach  a  feitlieamh  an  fhithich, 
'Sco  meud  btheach  a  tha  sin? 

FnEAGAiRTEEN  do  na  Toimhseachain  anns 
n  t-seachdamb  aircamh  de  'n  Ghaidheal. 
1.  AnMle. 
i!.  An  gaol. 

;i.  Cliathan  na  h-uinneige. 
4.  Trl  nathraichean. 
6.  Spaiun  no  gloiune. 
6.  An  lathad  mòr. 


NITHE  NUADH'  AGUS  SEAN. 

Tha  sinn  a'  ftigblum  ni  eigin  eadhon  o 
challdaehd. 

Feumaidh  iadsan  nach  cuir  's  an  Eanacb 
a  bhi  'giarraidh  na  deirce  's  an  Fhoghair. 

'S  fearr  dol  timcbioli  na  tuiteam  'san  digc. 

Cuidicbidh  biorana  beaga  nis  fearr  na 
feadhain  mhòra  chum  an  teine  'bheothachadh. 

AiRoiou  AGUS  UiNE. — Aig  airgiod  agus 
ùine  tha  mòran  an  luach  fuin. "  Chan  urrahin 
an  tl  a  chuireas  an  t  aon  gu  drocb  bhuil,  an 
t-aon  cile  'chur  gu  deagh  bhuil. 

Cha  n  eil  duine  ann  cho  suarach  'na  chaith- 
beatba  'snach  feud  a  ghiuiau  a  bhi  chum 
lochd  d'a  choimhearsnach. 

Na  l^g  ni  sam  bith  gun  dheanamh  a  ta 
freagarrach  ann  an  ciiis  n'an  obair  a  ta  dligh- 
each  a  bhi  deunta.  Measar  cumhachd  an 
duine  leis  an  ni  air  an  cuir  e  crioch,  agus  ni 
h-ann  leis  an  ni  air  am  feud  e  ionnsuidh  a 
thabhairt. 

Feudar  Firinn,  Subh  ailc  agus  Sonas  a  bhi 
air  aui  faineachadh  o  cheile,  ach  cha  'n  urr- 
aiun  iad  a  bhi  air  an  eadar-dhealachadh. 
Theid  iad  mar  phcathraiche  griidhach,  diùth- 
dhaingnichte  r'a  cheile,  agus  a'  boillsgeadh 
soluis  na  diadhachd  ann  an  cridhe  an  duine. 

SOP  AS  GACH  SEID. 

Ma 's  dubh  ma  's  odhar  no  ma's  donn, 

'S  toigh  leis  a'  ghabhar  a  meann. 

Mionach  a'  bheathaich  ismaoile, 

Air  adhaircean  a'  bheathaich  is  bioraiche. 

Am  fear  is  treise  an  uachdar, 

'S  am  fear  is^luaithe  air  an  toiseach. 

Seacbd  bliadhna,  saoghal  a'  chait, 

Sin  gu  h-eibhinn  agus  ait, 
Seach  sin  codal  ugus  turchardaich. 
Bha  dithis  mhac  aig  duine  iiraidh;  agus 
b'hbhaist  do 'n  dara  fear  a  bhi  'geiridh  gu 
moch  'n  uair  a  bha  am  fear  eile  na  chudal. 
Air  am  eigin  fhuair  fear  na  moch  diridh  sjjor- 
au  airgid  air  an  ratliad.  Ars'  athair  agus  e 
dol  leis  an  sporan  thun  an  f  hir  a  bha  s  an 
leabaidh  "na'm  bitheadh  thusa  aireiridh  cho 
moch  ri  do  bhratbair  dh-fhaodadh  thu  fhein 
an  sporan  fhaighiun,"  '"Smath  dh-fhaoidhte 
gu-m  faodadh,"  ars'  csan  '-ach  na'm  bitheadh 

n    duine  boehd  a  chaill   e  na   chadal   cho  |  (^•^re.'"     Tha'N   Gaidiieal  ro    fhada    'san 
amhach  riumsa,  cha  chailleadh  c  'sporan."    I  adharc  air  son  a  leithid  sin.     Chuir  Gilleas- 

Tliuirt  leanabh  iiraidh  ri  brlithair  athair  |  I'.u'o  thugainn  òran  uair-eigin,  agus  gheall 
gu  'm  bu  choir  dha  a  bhi  faicioliach  gun  dad  :  ^*""  feum  a  dheanamh  dheth;  ach  tha  ion- 
ach  airgiod  cruaidh  a  bhi  aige  'n  uair  a  bhas-   gantas  air  nach 'eil  e  'ga  fhaicinn  anise,  'sA' 


FREAGAIRTEAN. 

NiALL  Crubach  a  ris. — Nach  e  Niall  Cril- 
bach  a  tha  bagarrach?  Am  bheil  e'smaoin- 
eaehadh  naeh'eil^againne  ri  dheanamh  ach  a 
bhi  'frithealadh  air  sa.  Chaidh  a'  bhiirdachd 
gus  na  coin  ma's  e  Niall  am  bard  a's  fearr  a 
tha  ri  fhaighinn.  Ach  si  ar  beachd-ne  gum 
bheil  inntinn  Neil)  mar  'bha  Idine  Dhòmh- 
nuill  Cheaird,an  deigh'dhol  deth  a  seòl.  Am 
bheil  e  'smuaineachadh  gur  lighichean  siune 
gu  cungaidhean  a  dheanamh  suas  a  bbeir  air 
an  fheòsaig  aige-sa  flis?  Ma  tha,  cha  toir 
sinu  de  chorahairle  air  ach  ola  chas  easgann, 
bainne  cich  ciree,  'sgeir  mheaubh-chuileag, 
air  am  measgadh  ann  an  adharc  muice,  a 
shuathadh  ri  smig  le  ite  cait. 

Fhuair  sinn  "Leomag,  agus  chl  ar  caraid 
ann  an  ùinc  ghehrr,  nach  ann  do  phoca  na 
gaineamhaiche  'chuireas  sinn  i. 

I'ha  Gilleashuig  Aotrom  an  diii]  gum  bheil 
An  Gaidheal  gle  aincòlach.  Am  bheil  e 
'smuaineachadh  gun  toir  e  a  chreidsinn  oirn- 
ur  h-csan   a  rinn    "aiarbh-rann,    Iain 


aiclieadh    e,    air   eagal   's  gi 
nvtaichmn  an  uair  a  ruigeadh 


loisgeadh 
thall. 


TOIMIISKACIIAIN. 
1.    Is  buig  e  na  brocban. 
Is  cruaidhe  e  na  aran; 
A's  bi  'dh  e  'n  cuideachd  an  ri 


Ghaidheal.  Faodaidh  sinn  innseadh  do 
Ghilleasbuig  gun  d'  rinn  sinn  ar  Icum  deth— 
eadhon  au  aon  feum  a  dheanadh  e—a  chur 
'san  lainel 

Tha  sinn  fad  an  comain  an  "Sgiathanaich  " 
air  son  cho  cuimhneach  'sa  tha  e  oirnn.     Sliin 
iomradh  air.    Gu'm  bufadesan  an  comas  a  b 
luaidh  air  Eilean  maiseach  a'  Cheò! 


5€!    (i^Sit, 

ENGLISH  DEPARTMENT. 


OCTOBER,    1872. 


GAELIC  PHILOLOGY. 
The  following  interesting  remarks  on 
tlie  philology  of  the  Gaelic  language, 
are  from  a  lecture  delivered  by  the 
t  Eev.  Mr.  Cameron,  of  Kenton,  in  this 
j  city: — Mr.  Cameron,  after  referring 
I  to  the  method  pursued  in  the  study  of 
philology,  and  to  the  principle  accord- 
■  ing  to  which  languages  are  divided 
into  families,  went  on  to  say  that  the 
Celtic  belongs  to  the  family  which  is 
now  called  the  Indo-European  or  Ary- 
an, and  which  embraces  Sanskrit,  Zend, 
Greek,  Latin,  Celtic,  and  the  Teu- 
tonic and  Slavonic  languages.  Phil- 
ologists differ  in  opinion  in  regard 
to  the  position  of  the  Celtic  in  this 
family,  but  it  seems  to  stand  in  the 
nearest  relationship  to  the  classical 
languages,  especially  to  the  Latin, 
although  its  marks  of  affinity  to 
the  other  branches  of  the  family  are 
both  numerous  and  striking.  The 
affinity  of  Latin  to  the  Celtic  is  proved 
by  the  numerous  cognate  words  which 
are  found  in  these  languages,  and  by 
the  fact  that  many  of  the  laws  of  their 
letter-changes  have  been  ascertained. 
In  regard  to  cognate  words,  it  deserves 
to  be  noticed  that  very  many  of  the 
words  which  are  marked  in  the  Latin 
Lexicons  as  derived  from  unknown 
or  doubtful  roots,  show  a  close  affinity 
to  words  found  in  one  or  more  of  the 
dialects  of  the  Celtic.  After  giving 
numerous  examples  of  Gaelic  and 
Latin  cognates — as  capio  and  gabh; 
celo  and  cell;  iimeo  and  tlomct;  tenuis 
and  tana;  earns  and  car,  car  a,  car  aid; 
senex  f^gen.  senis)  and  scan;  siccus  and 
seac — he  proceeded  to  notice  some  of 


the  letter-changes  between  these  lan- 
guages :— 

1.  Consonants,  which  in  the  middle 
and  end  of  words  are  aspirated  in 
Gaelic,  are  plain  in  Latin.  Exam- 
ples:—  comis  and  caomh;  sat  and 
sàtk;  tego  and  tigh,  tighearn;  remus 
and  ràmh;  ratis  and  rath;  equus  and 
each;  seciis  and  seach;  mater  and 
màthair. 

2.  P  in  Latin  frequently  corresponds 
to  c  in  Gaelic.  Examples: — Pluma 
and  clumh  (down) ;  plecto  and  cleachd 
(plait) ;  lapis  and  leac;  purpura  and 
corcor;  vesper  and  fescor  (now  feas- 
gar).  The  same  letter-change  occurs 
between  Welsh  and  Gaelic,  between 
Welsh  and  Latin,  and  between  Greek 
and  Latin.  Examples ;  Welsh  and 
Gaelic: — Pen  and  ceami;  plant  and 
eland  {now  clann);  pedioar  and  ceithir; 
pimp  and  chig ;  map  and  mac;  pren 
and  crann;  Welsh  and  Latin  : — Ped- 
icar  and  quatuor ;  pimp  and  quinque; 
Greek  and  Latin : — Pente  and  quinque; 
hippos  and  equus;  hepomai  and  sequor. 
In  Gaelic  itself  plod  and  clod  signify 
the  same  thing. 

3.  From  many  Gaelic  words  initial 
p  has  wholly  disappeared.     Examples  : 

Pater  and  athair ;  2>iscis  and  iasg  ; 
pier  us  and  leir;  j)lemis  and  làti; 
2?rafum  and  rath  (plain);  pectus  and 
uchd.  So  also  Gr.  platus  and  L.  latus 
(Gaelic  leathan).  It  maj^  be  noticed 
in  connection  with  this  letter-change 
that,  while  aspirated  p  becomes/  aspi- 
rated /'  becomes  quiescent  in  Gaelic. 
From  this  it  arises  that  several  Gaelic 
words  begin  sometimes  with,  and  some- 


216 


THE  GAEL. 


times  without  initial/,  as /oir  arid oir; 
fàrlus  and  hrlus;  fàradh  and  uradh. 

4.  Manj^  words  beginning  in  Latin 
with  T  begin  in  Gaelic  with  f.  Exam- 
ples : —  Veriis  and  /tor ;  rir,  tiri  and 
fear,  fir;  tirtiis  and  feart;  Tanus 
andyàow  (faoin);  tagor  and /ògair; 
tesper  and  fescor  (feasgar);  riginti 
and  fichead;  tarns  and  fiar ;  row, 
Tocalis  and  focal.  Instead  of  v  in 
Latin,  and/  in  Gaelic,  the  Welsh  has 
frequently  gic.  Examples  :  —  Vertis 
and  gicir;  xir,  tiri  and  gwr,  gv:yr ; 
TÌnum  and  gwin;  ventus  and  gwynt. 

5.  Several  words  beginning  in  Latin 
with  V  begin  in  Gaelic  with  b.  Exam- 
ples : — Valhan  and  halla;  titiiim  and 
baotk;  veru  and  bior ;  tlta  and  beatha; 
tiro,  (Gr.  bio(>)  and  bèo;  Tilla  and 
baile.  It  may  be  noticed,  as  showing 
that  these  letter-changes  are  not  arbi- 
trary, that  where  v  in  Latin  represents 
the  aspirate,  or  the  digamma,  in  Greek 

the  Gaelic  has^ ;  but  where  v  in  Latin 
represents  b  in  Greek,  the  Gaelic  also 
has  b. 

6.  Some  words  beginning  in  Latin 
■with/,  begin  in  Gaelic  with  b.  Exam- 
ples:— Fero  and  beir ;  frango,  from 
hìcssò,  and  bris ;  frendo  and  briian; 
fratis,  fraudis  and  braid;  frater  and 
brhthair;  fremo,  from  bremo  and 
hramaire;  fermo  and  beirm. 

7.  Some  words  beginning  with /in 
Latin  begin  with  s  in  Gaelic.  Exam- 
ples : —  Frenum  and  srian  (Welsh, 
ffrwyn) ;  fastis  and  siiist  (Welsh,  ffust) ; 
flecto  and  slenchd.  Ff  (which  corre- 
sponds to /in  Gaelic)  and  s  frequently 
interchange  in  Welsh  and  Gaelic.  Ex- 
amples:— Ffroen  and  sr a i?i ;  ffivj-n  and 
sorn ;  ffreuo  and  sruth ;  ffymi  and  scan 
Gvseun.  The  Greek  aspirate  is  frequently 
represeated  by  /  in  Latin  and  by  s  in 
Gaelic,  which  accounts  for  the  inter- 
change of  these  letters  in  Latin  and 
Gaelic. 

8.  8  precedes  several  words  in  Gae- 
lic when  it  does  not  precede  the  corre- 
sponding words  in  Latin.     Examples : 


— No,  nati,  and  smmh;  neo,  nevi, 
and  sììlomh,  ruo  and  sruth;  nix  and 
sneachd.  It  may  be  noticed  here  that 
the  Latin  fallo  corresponds  to  the 
Greek  sphalò,  and  tego  to  stegò ;  that 
terphos  =:sterphos;  and  that,  in  Gaelic, 
leamhan  =  sleamhan  and  leac  =  sleac. 
The  Latin  strenuus  also  may  be  com- 
pared with  the  Gaelic  treun. 

9.  N  disappears  in  Gaelic  in  the 
middle  of  a  word  before  s,  /  or  the 
tennes  p,  t,  c  (Ebel's  Zeuss  p.  42).  Ex- 
amples : — Mensis  and  mios ;  census  and 
CIS ;  infernum  and  ifrinn ;  dens,  dent- 
is,  and  deud;  centum  and  ceud;  riginti 
and  fichead;  tendo  and  tend;  inter 
and  eadar;  quinqne  and  ciiig;  rumpo 
and  reub ;  mensus  and  meas. 

1 0.  The  mediae  b,  d,  g,  correspond 
in  Gaelic,  especially  in  modern  Gaelic, 
to  the  tenues  p,  t,  c  in  Latin.  Exam- 
ples : — Capio  and  gabh  {gab) ;  caper 
and  gabhar  {gabar) ;  carpentum  and 
carbad ;  liquo  and  leagh;  linquo  and. 
leig ;  squama  and  sgamhal;  queror, 
querimonia  and  gearan;  vix  and  beag, 
big  ;  scateo  and  sgaoth.  In  ancient 
Gaelic  the  tenues  are  frequently  pre- 
served, as  in  acus  {agus),  ce't,  {ceud), 
etar,  {eadar);  carpat  {carbad). 

Other  letter-changes,  including  those 
which  affect  the  vowels,  might  be  no- 
ticed— but  the  above,  together  with  the 
large  number  of  cognate  words  found  in 
Latin  and  Gaelic,  are  sufficient  to  prove 
the  close  affinity  of  these  languages.  It 
is  necessary,  however,  to  guard  against 
inferring  affinity  from  mere  resemblance 
in  the  forms  of  words,  for  words  de- 
rived from  different  roots  often  closely 
resemble  one  another,  while  words  that 
have  little  or  no  resemblance  to  one 
another  in  form  may  be  proved,  from 
the  ascertained  rules  of  letter-changes, 
to  be  cognates.  Ventus  and  gaotk 
(Welsh  gwynt)  furnish  an  example. 
(See  letter-changes  4  and  9  above.) 
So  also  the  words  eun,  ite,  edn  (Welsh), 
pen,  feather,  which,  although  dissimilar 
in  form,  are  all  derived  from  the  same 


THE  GAEL. 


217 


root  pet,  which  appears  in  the  Greek 
y^o-càpetomai.  (See  the  old  Latin  form 
petna,  for  penna,  and  letter-change  3 
above.) 

He  then  referred  to  the  loan- 
words, such  a3  sarjart,  eaglais,  peac- 
adh,  aoradh  (anciently  adrad,  from 
adoratio),  leabhar,  leugk,  sgriohh, 
seirbhis,  which  have  been  borrowed 
from  Greek  and  Latin,  and  which, 
although  they  have  been  incorporated 
into  Gaelic,  cannot  be  taken  into  ac- 
count in  judging  of  its  affinity  to  the 
languages  from  which  these  words 
have  been  derived.  In  very  many 
instances  it  is  difficult  to  distinguish 
between  loan  words  and  words  that  are 
purely  Celtic. 

The  affinity  of  Gaelic  to  Greek  is 
shown  by  the  large  number  of 
cognate  words  which  are  found  in 
these  languages.  The  following  are 
examples  : — Tis,  ti,  and  tl ;  pelomal  \ 
and  hell ;  orge  and  fearg  ;  meros  and 
mXr  ;  helro  and  gelirr  ;  derJcomal  and 
dearc;  lambanO  smd  làmh;  deÌ7ios  a,nà 
dian;  kairos  and  coir;  nephos  and 
neamh ;  ball/J  and  huall ;  gunS  (Boeot. 
hanci)  and  bean.  The  words  that  are 
common  to  Greek,  Latin,  and  Gaelic 
are  very  numerous.  The  following  are 
examples  :  —  Cliortos,  hortus,  gort  or 
gart  {Gort  or  gart  frequently  appears 
in  Gaelic  topography,  as  Gartinore 
Gavtsherrk.  The  diminutive  gortan  is 
still  common  in  the  spoken  language) ; 
cheimon,  cheima,  hiems,  geamh  {Geamh- 
radh  is  from  the  old  word  geamh,  as 
mmhradh  is  from  slunh)  ;  chamos,  hamus, 
cam  and  caman ;  tauros,  taurus,  tarhh ; 
misgO,  niisceo,  ineasg;  kerdi),  cerdo,  ceard; 
Jiupnos,  somnus,  suain;  kahalles,  cahallus, 
capull;  Jdino,  dino,claon;  gignomai{aor. 
egenomèn),  gigno  f'perf.  genui),  gin  (the 
root  is  gen,  from  which  comes  also 
gniomli) ;  kluo,  clueo,  cluinn  and  cuala ; 
hezomai  (fut.  hedownai),  sedeo,  suidh; 
hioO,  vivo,  beh ;  plains,  latus,  leathan ; 
Ciena,  ulna,  uileann. 

A  comparison  of  the  numerals  and 


also  of  the  pronouns  in  Greek,  Latin, 
and  Gaelic,  would  lead  to  the  same 
conclusion  in  regard  to  the  close  affi- 
nity of  these  languages.  He  did  not 
maintain  that  Latin  and  Greek 
have  been  derived  from  Gaelic.  All 
that  he  maintained  was  that  these  lan- 
guages are  closely  allied— that  they 
have  a  common  parentage,  which, 
parentage  could  be  discovered  only  by 
a  comparison  of  the  roots  of  the  several 
branches  which  have  sprung  from  it. 
In  estimating,  however,  the  compara- 
rative  ages  of  these  languages,  the  fact 
must  not  be  overlooked  that  there  are 
many  words  in  Gaelic  which  resemble 
more  closely  than  do  their  Greek  and  La- 
tin cognates,  the  corresponding  words  in 
Sanskrit. 

After  referring  to  the  two  families 
into  which  the  Celtic  dialects  are 
divided  —  the  British,  including  the 
Welsh,  Cornish,  and  Armoric ;  and  the 
Gaelic,  including  Scottish  Gaelic,  Irish, 
and  Manx — he  proceeded  to  give  an. 
account  of  the  early  printed  works  in 
Gaelic,  some  of  which  he  exhibited, 
and  concluded  by  referring  to  what 
has  been  done  within  the  last  few  years 
by  Continental  and  Irish  scholars  such 
as  Zeuss,  Ebel,  and  Stokes,  to  promote 
the  scientific  study  of  Gaelic,  and  to 
what  still  remains  to  be  done  in  the 
same  field.  He  said  it  was  curious  to 
find  some  of  the  most  learned  works  on 
Celtic  philology  coming  to  us  from 
India,  where,  far  distant  from  the 
Celtic  MSS.,  Dr.  Whitley  Stokes,  who  is 
connected  with  this  city,  finds  means 
for  prosecuting  the  study  of  a  science 
to  which  he  has  made  contributions, 
second  in  importance  only  to  the  great 
work  of  Zeuss,  which,  as  now  revised 
— it  might  be  said  rewritten — by  Ebel, 
must  form  the  foundation  of  the  scien- 
tific study  of  Celtic.  The  "  Turin 
Glosses,"  printed  by  Stokes  in  his 
"  Goidilica,"  have  since  been  published, 
carefully  edited  by  the  Chev.  Di  Nigra, 
and  an  edition  of  the  "  Milan  Glosses" 

5li3^ 


;i8 


THE  GAEL. 


is  now  in  preparation  for  publication 
The  theologian  Ebrard  published,  last 
year,  a  work  on  the  Ossianic  Gaelic, 
which  is  curious  and  interesting 
although  it  contains  many  errors, 
which,  however,  are, to  be  accounted 
for,  partly  by  the  incorrectness  of 
the  materials  with  which  he  dealt, 
and  partly  by  his  want  of  acquaint- 
ance with  our  vernacular  Gaelic.  In 
regard  to  modern  Gaelic,  he  believed 
that  as  much  has  been  done  for  the 
Gaelic  of  Scotland  by  the  Stewarts, 
Dr.  J.  Smitb,  Armstrong,  Ewen 
M'Lachlan  (of  Aberdeen),  and  Dr. 
M'Intosh  M'Kay,  as  has  been  done  for 
any  of  the  other  dialects  of  the  Celtic, 
but  much  still  remains  to  be  done. 
The  Gaelic  Scriptures  must  be  purged 
of  the  errors  and  anomalies  which 
escaped  the  notice  of  tlie  translator 
and  also  of  the  revisers  of  the  quarto  edi- 
tion of  1826,  so  that  they  may  becom 
what  they  were  intended  to  be — the 
standard  of  Gaelic  Grammar  and  Or- 
thography; the  work  of  which  Dr. 
Alexander  Stewart  laid  the  foundation, 
in  his  "  Grammar  of  the  G^ielic  Lan 
guage,"  must  be  completed;  a  stand 
ard  edition  of  the  Gaelic  poets  must 
be  prepared;  the  Bardic  and  other 
traditional  literature  v.'hich  still  exists 
in  the  Highlands,  but  which  has  not 
been  committed  to  writing,  must  be  col 
lected  and  i:)reserved,  before  the  present 
generation  shall  have  passed  away; 
much  must  yet  be  done,  in  addition  to 
what  has  already  been  done,  to  read 
and  interpret  the  old  Gaelic  which  has 
come  down  to  us,  often  much  obsured, 
in  the  Gaelic  names  of  places  ;  and, 
especially,  a  Gaelic  Comparative  Lexi- 
con must  be  prepared,  which  will  exhi- 
bit the  words  of  which  the  language  is 
composed,  not  only  in  the  clifterent 
forms  in  which  they  appear  in  the 
different  dialects  of  the  Celtic,  but  also 
in  relation  to  their  cognate  words  in 
the  other  branches  of  the  Aryan 
family.      This  last  work  would  cer- 


tainly be  a  heavy^  undertaking,  and 
one  which  could  not  have  been  accom- 
plished Avhen,  more  than  forty  )'ears 
ago,  the  dictionaries  of  Armstrong  and 
of  the  Highland  Society  were  prepared 
— but  the  progress  which  has  been  made 
in  the  study  of  Celtic  philology  within 
the  last  few  years  has  prepared  the  way 
for  beginning,  and  for  carrying  on  to 
successful  issue,  a  work  of  this  kind — 
and  if  the  Highlanders  of  Scotland 
should  resolve,  "  shoulder  to  shoulder," 
to  help  it  forward,  he  promised  that  it 
would  be  undertaken. 


A  REVIEW  OF  THE  HIGHLAND 

REGIMENTS. 
In  tLe  muster-roll  of  the  Britisli  army, 
at  tlie  present  time,  there  are  nine  regiments 
denominated  "Highlanders,"  five  of  which 
—  Gillean  an  Fhèilidh — in  harmonious 
accordance  with  their  designation,  are 
appropriately  equipped  in  the  Highland 
garb;  whilst  the  other  four — Bodaich  nam 
Brigisean — in  evident  incongruity  with 
their  distinguishing  appellation,  march  at 
ease  attired  in  trews.  "Whether  the  bands 
of  these  four  regiments  attempt  the  "Garb 
of  Old  Gaul,"  or  their  pipers  "Gillean  an 
Fheilidli,"  is  a  question  Avhich  should  be 
decided  negatively,  inasmuch  as  neither  of 
these  martial,  marching  tunes  concerns 
them,  unless  as  a  reminiscence  of  "Auld 
Lang  Syne,"  by  recalling  to  recollection  the 
bright  days  when  they  also  were  clad  in  the 
picturesque  panoply  of  mountaineers. 
Altliough  now  we  can  only  boast  of  nine 
Highland  regiments,  the  Lite  gallant  and 
patriotic  General  David  Stewart  of  Garth, 
in  his  interesting  history,  enumerates  no 
fewer    than    25    battalions,*    named    and 


•LIST  OF  HIGHLAND  REGIMENTS, 

As  detailed  by  General  David  Stewart. 

42iid  Royal  Highlanders. 

7 1  St  Fraser's        do. 

72iul  Seaforth's  do. 

73rd  Lord  Macleod's  do, 

74th  Argyle         do. 

7.Jth  Aberci-omby's  do. 

7(jth  Lord  Macdonald's  do. 

77tli  Athol  do. 

7i'ith  Ross-shirc  do. 

7iltli  Cameron    do. 

8 1  St  Aberdeen  shire  do. 


Oct,  1872. 


THE  GAEL. 


219 


numbered,  in  addition  to  18  Fencible  regi- 
ments, which  were  raised  and  embodied  in  the 
Highlands  during  the  latter  half  of  last  and 
commencement  of  present  century,  exempli- 
fying the  prolific  nursery  of  warriors  then 
possessed  by  North  Britain.  Need  I  dilate 
or  enter  into  detail  upon  the  martial 
achievements  of  our  Highland  regiments? 
From  Fontenoy  until  the  suppression  of  the 
Indian  mutiny — 

"The  foe  weel  ken'd  the  tartan  front, 

Which  never  shua'd  the  battle's  brunt," 
and  on  every  field  most  memorable  in  the 
annals  of  British  history,  the  tartan'd 
legions  have  worthily  upheld  the  military 
renown  of  our  redoubtable  little  kingdom 
and  irresistibly  demonstrated  to  adversaries 
in  every  clime  that — 

■Still  against  a  foeman's  steel, 

No  Highland  brogue  shall  turn  the  heel," 
verifying  the  eulogistic  lines  of  an 
English  poet  who  wrote  of  the  Highland 
regiments  as  being — 

"In  Egypt,  India,  Belgium,  Gaul  and  Spain, 
Walls  iu  the  trenches,  whirlwinds  on  the 
plain." 

In  takmg  a  rapid  review  of  our  present 
Highland  regiments,  I  shall  firstly  name 
the' 42nd,  formerly  the  43rd,  but  ever  since 
its  embodiment  known  as  the  "Black 
Watch,"  or  Freiceadan  Dubh,  which  dates 
its  origin  from  the  year  1725,  and  in 
1758  was  made  "Koyal"  as  "a  testimony 
of  His  Majesty's  satisfaction  and  approbation 
of  their  extraordinary  courage,  loyalty,  and 
exemplary  conduct."  That  distinguishing 
badge,  the  Ked  Feather,  worn  by  the  42nd 
in  their  plumed  bonnets,  was  acquired  from 
!the  11th  Light  Dragoons,  in  1795,  couse- 
quently  on  a  dereliction  of  duty  perpetrated 
by  the  troopers  named,  in  the  winter  cam- 


84th  Royal  Highland  Emigrants. 

87th  Keith's  Highlanders. 

88th  Campbell's   do. 

89lh  Gordon's       do. 

91st  Argyle-shire  do. 

92nd  Gordon        do. 

93rd  Sutherland  do. 

97th  Strathspey    do. 

100th  Campbell  of  Kilberrie's'do. 

105th  Queen  Charlotte's  do. 

113th  Royal  Highland  Volunteci- 

llGth  Perth-shire  Highlanders. 

132nd  Cameron  of  Callarfs  do. 

133rd  Colonel  Fraser's  do. 


paign  of  1794-5,  in  Flanders;  and  which 
dereliction  was  promptly  and  effectively 
rectified  by  the  42nd.  The  11th  Cavaliers 
had  made  an  inconsistent  "rear-turn"  on 
the  occasion  of  an  attack  by  the  French, 
leaving  two  field-pieces,  or  cannons,  of  which. 
they  had  charge  to  be  possessed  by  the 
enemy,  but  which  were  speedily  retaken 
when  the  Highland  laddies'  services  were 
brought  into  requisition.  Wlien  the  42nd 
disembarked  in  Egypt  in  1801,  and  under 
fire  from  the  French  enemy  on  the  heights 
above  the  landing  place,  the  regiment,  after 
being  formed  in  line  on  the  beach,  got  the 
word  of  command  to  "fix  bayonets;"  which, 
order  was  immediately  executed.  The 
commanding  officer  next  followed  with 
"prime  and  load,"  but  no  sooner  was  this 
order  given,  than  an  individual  in  the  ranks 
vociferated — "No  prune  and  load,  hut 
charge  haignets,  and  sMst  immediately," 
when  the  entire  regiment,  as  one  man, 
instantly  obeying  the  energetic  summons, 
ascended  the  heights  at  the  charge  and. 
carried  the  French  position,  with  cold  steel, 
in  the  most  gallant  style.  On  subsequent 
inquiry  as  to  who  had  ordered  the  charge, 
it  was  found  to  be  Donald  Black,  a  private 
soldier  and  an  old  smuggler  from  the  Isle 
of  Skye. 

The  next  Highland  corps  is  the  present 
71st  Highland  Light  Infantry,  who  got  the 
graphic  order  from  their  gallant  Colonel, 
Cadogan,  at  the  battle  of  Vittoria,  to  "chase 
the  enemy  doun  the  Gallowgate,"  and 
which  they  did.  Previously  this  regiment 
was  known  as  the  72nd,  or  Lord  Macleod's 
Highlanders. 

Next  in  order  is  the  72nd,  or  Seaforth's 
Highlanders,  but  now  designated  the  "Duke 
of  Albany's  Own ;"  and  inasmuch  as  they 
do  not  now  display  the  kilt,  although  ad- 
hering to  the  plumed  bonnet  as  worn  by 
the  kilted  regiments,  this  corps  is  facetious- 
ly dubbed  "the  half-dress'd  Highlandmen," 
an  imputation,  I  understand  they  are  loath, 
to  admit — nay  prone  to  resent — as  if  they 
verily  possessed  the  "Garb  of  Old  Gaul." 

The  74th  follows,  which  took  the  place  of 
another  corps,  bearing  the  same  number^ 
and  termed  the  "Argyle  Highlanders." 
The  present  74th,  unlike  the  other  High- 
land corps,  bears  no  name,  although  I  have 
heard  whispered  concerning  them,  "Belfast 
Highlanders, "  which  must  be  a  misnomer, 
inasmuch   as  there  is  no  concentration  of 


220 


THE  GAEL. 


Oct.,  187». 


HigUand  nationality  in  the  flourishing  town 
named. 

"We  have  next  the  Y8th  or  "Ross-shire 
Buffs,"  Avhose  vengeful  bravery,  during  the 
Indian  mutiny  of  1857-8  is  still  in  lively 
remcmhrance.  This  gallant  regiment  on 
landing  in  Persia,  in  1856  to  take  part  in  a 
short  scrimmage  tliere,  astonished  the 
natives  so  much  with  their  Highland  garb, 
that  it  was  anxiously  inquired  to  which  sex 
they  belonged.  The  78th  has  the  exclusive 
Celtic  distinction  of  being  the  only  Highland 
regiment  bearing  a  Gaelic  motto  on  the 
colours  and  appointments,  that  of  the 
Mackenzie's,  among  which  clan  the  78tli 
■was  raised,  as  implied  in  its  Gaelic  designa- 
tion, "Rèisimeid  Chloinn  Ghoinnich."  The 
motto  is  "Cuidich  anRigh" — helptheking — 
and  refers  to  the  exploit  of  an  ancient  chief 
of  the  clan,  who  opportunely  rescued  the 
Scottish  monarch  of  the  time  from  the 
attack  of  a  stag,  while  on  a  hunting  expedi- 
tion. 

Now  we  have 

"  The  79th,  whose  valiant  name, 
Is  wreathed  with  many  a  field  of  fame," 
and  who  derive  their  title,  the  "  Cameron 
Highlanders,"  from  a  patriotic  Lochaber 
gentleman,  "  Ailean  an  Earachd,"  who  raised 
the  corps  in  the  year  1793.  Colonel 
Cameron,  who,  latterly,  in  addition  to  being 
knighted,  attained  the  militaiy  rank  of 
Lieutenant  General,  was  so  thoroughly 
imbued  with  Celtic  fire  and  enthusiasm, 
that  in  order  to  preserve  the  nationality  of 
his  regiment  intact,  and  have  it  virtually  as 
-well  as  nominally  Highland,  he  enlisted 
none  but  Gaelic  speakers,  so  that  the  79th 
was  long  familiarly  known  as  the  "Cia  mar 
thà-s;"  whilst  on  another  occasion,  in  the 
year  1804  on  a  threatened  governmental 
abrogation  of  the  kilt  in  the  regiment. 
Colonel  Cameron  addressed  an  energetic 
remonstnitive  letter  to  the  Horse  Guards, 
■which  secured  retention  of  the  martial 
garment  he  so  well  loved.  When  entering 
a  garrison  town  in  Ireland,  some  years  ago, 
as  I  have  been  told  by  a  veteran  of  the 
regiment,  the  79th  were  amused  by  the 
natives  shouting  to  each  other — "Holy 
Father,  come  and  sec  the  petticoats!'' 

Next  in  order  is  the  91st,  Argyleshire 
Begimcnt,  which  saw  much  hard  service 
in  the  Peninsular  campaigns;  and  whicl 
•within  the  last  few  years,  after  long 
abandonment,  has  resumed  the  tartan,  but 
only  in  the  shape  of  trews. 


The  92nd  Gordon  Highlanders  follow, 
whose  mihtary  history  is  somewhat  like  the 
motto  of  their  "big  brithers"  the  Scots 
Greys — "second  to  none."  This  famed 
corps  when  landing  on  a  West  Indian  island, 
some  30  years  ago,  was  whimsically  set 
down  (by  an  aborigi»al  negro)  as  being 
composed  of  "very  poor  men,  when  they 
had  not  money  to  buy  trousers."  Said" 
nigger  might  rank  in  with  the  Spanish 
priest,  who,  having  seen  in  Gibraltar,  a 
regiment  of  Highlanders  attir-ed  in  the 
"Garb  of  Old  Gaul,"  volunteered  the  infor- 
mation that  the  regiment  in  petticoats  had 
been  invested  with  this  "feminine"  attire  for 
having  misbehaved  on  the  field  of  battle  I 
Verily,  this  verdant  ecclesiastic  must  have 
been  an  ignoramus  of  the  first  magnitude, 
and  much  in  need  of  being  posted  up  in  the 
history  of  his  own  country,  where  so  many 
of  the  Highland  regiments  brilliantly  served 
under  Moore  and  Wellington. 

Lastly,  I  notice  the  93rd,  the  now  re- 
nowned Sutherland  Highlanders, — "the 
thin  red  line  of  Balaclava"  —  and  who, 
although  the  youngest  of  the  Highland 
regiments,  have  won  imperishable  renown 
on  the  battle-fields  of  the  Crimea  and  India, 
as  well  as  at  a  more  distant  date,  at  tha 
Cape  of  Good  Hope. 

Without  further  comment  on  the  interest-' 
ing  subject  which  has  suggested  these 
observations,  I  shall  conclude  by  quoting 
the  expressive  stanza  of  one  of  our  national 
bards,  while  making  a  poetical  review  of 
the  soldiers  of  the  United  Kingdom : — 
"And  oh,  loved  warriors  of  the  minstrel's  land. 
Yonder  your  bonnets  nod,  your  tartans  wave; 
The  rugged  form  may  mark  the  mountain  baud. 
And  features  harsh,  and  a  mien  more  grave. 
But,  ne'er  in  battle-field  throbs  heart  more 

brave. 
Than  that  which  beats  beneath  the  Scottish 

plaid; 
And  when  the  pibroch  bids  the  battle  rave. 
And  level  for  the  charge  your  arms  are  laid, 
Where  lives  the  desperate  foe  that  for  such 

onset  staid?" 

"  Mac  a'  Ghaidheil." 


GAELIC  HOMER. 

(To  the  Editor  of  The  Gael.) 

Sir, 

From  letters  whicli  appeared 
in  the  "Scotsman"  some  time  ago,  it 
seems  that  the  late  Ewen  MacLachlaii'» 


THE  GAEL. 


221 


Gaelic  translation  of  Homer  is  stiU  ex- 
tant; the  accompanying  fragment*  is 
therefore  sent  for  publication  in  "  The 
Gael,"  in  thebopethatit  may  attract  the 
attention  of  the  possessor  of  the  MS., 
and  perhaps  induce  him  to  publish  the 
whole, 

I  am,  Sir, 

Yours  respectfully, 
Abrach. 


A   LETTER  FROM  "  NETHER- 
LOCHABER." 
Mr.  Editor, 
Dear  Sm, 

I  send  you  a  translationf  of  a 
well-known  poem  of  Byron's.  It  is  but 
a  trifle,  but  a  straw  shows,  as  the  pro- 
verb has  it,  how  the  winds  blows,  and 
small  and  insignificant  as  is  this  contri- 
bution, it  is  at  least  a  proof  that  I  read 
"The  Gael"  and  wish  it  all  success. 
A  pinch  from  a  snuff-box  has  often  made 
men  known  to  each  other  (and  even 
friends)  who  might  otherwise  have  been 
strangers — enemies  perhaps — all  their 
life  long.  I  hope  to  send  you  semething 
of  more  substance  and  "body,"  as  the 
wine  merchants  have  it,  before  the 
winter  is  past. 

I  am,  with  aH'good  wishes, 
Yours  very  faithfully. 
The  "Nether-Lochaber"  Correspondent 
of  the  "Inverness  Courier." 


PROFESSOR  BLACKIE  ON  THE 
GAELIC  "GOD  SAVE  THE  QUEEN. " 
The  following  interesting  letter  which 
appeared  in  the  Scotsman,  we  copy  for  the 
benefit  of  as  many  of  our  readers  as  are  of  a 
philological  turn  of  mind: — 
"Sir, — I  send  you  the  Gaelic  version  of  "  God 
Save  the  Queen,"  sung  *  *  *  *  at  the 
first  meeting  of  the  Inverness  Gaelic  Society, 
and  composed  by  Angus  M'Donald,  the  bard 
of  the  Society.  In  order  to  give  the  uninitiat- 
ed some  idea  of  the  materials  of  which  this 
venerable  language  is  made  up,  it  occuned  to 

•  The  fragment  referred  to  is  inserted  in  our 
Gaelic  department,  page  205. 

f  See  our  Gaelic  Department,  page  212. 


me  to  etymologise  the  verses  to  the  best  of  my 
ability;  and  the  result  is  appended.  You 
will  see  that  about  one-third  of  the  whole 
words  in  the  three  stanzas  is  pretty  distinctly 
recognisable  as  old  friends  with  new  faces — 
familiar  to  philologers  either  in  the  Teutonic 
or  in  the  classical  languages.  The  two 
columns  will  sufficiently  explain  themselves 
to  all  who  care  for  such  matters,— I  am,  &c. 
JtJHN  Stuart  Blackie. 


DHIA  GLEIDH  BHANEIGH. 
Dhia  (1)  gleidh  ar  (2)  Banrigh  (3)  mhòr  (4). 
Beatha  (5)  bhuan  (6)  dar  (7)  Banrigh  choir, 

Dhia  gleidh  Bhanrigh. 
Thoir  buaidh  dhi,  'us  solas  (8), 
Son  agas  (9)  ro  ghlòrmhor  (10), 
Fad'  chiun  riaghladh  (11)  oirnn  ; 

Dhia  gleidh  Bhanrigh. 
A  Thighearn  (12)  ar  Dia  eirich  (13), 
Sgap  a  nàimhdean  (14)  fitich, 

'Us  leig  (15)  iad  (16)  »103  (17), 
Cuir  (18)  cli  (19)  an  (20)  droch  riaghladh; 
TUg  sios  an  luib  dhiabhiaidh  (21) ; 
Ar  dòchas  oirre  leag ;  - 

Dhia  gleidh  Bhanrigh. 
Do  (22)  thiodhlaig  mhaith  thoir  dhi, 
Doirt  oirre  pailt  gun  dith  (23) 

Fad'  riaghladh  i  (24)  ; 
Ar  reachdan  (25)  dionadh  (26)  i, 
Toirt  dhuinn  aobhar  (27),  gun  sgios, 
Bhi  (29)  seinn  (30)  le'r  guth  "sar  cridh'  (31), 

Dhia  gleidh  Bhanrigh. 

Gaeiic.  Latin,  Greek,  English,  on  Germas, 

1.  Dhia Deus,  Theos. 

2.  ar our. 

3   Banrigh Ban  Aeolic  for  gunè,  reg,  rex. 

4.  mhor major,  more. 

5.  Beatha vita. 

6.  bhuan menò. 

7.  da to,  ad. 

8.  solas solatium. 

9.  agus ac,  atque,  eke. 

10.  ghlòrmhor gloria. 

11.  riaghladh reg",  regula. 

12.  Thighearn ....  The  first  syllable  of  this  compound  I 

consider  identical  with  tignum 
(Lat.)  from  tego — a  shelter,  a 
house. 

13.  eirich orior,  erigo. 

14.  naimhdean... .  inimicos  (?) 

15.  leig lay,  legen. 

16.  iad that,  id  (t  is  the  sign  of  the  thirff 

person  in  all  the  Aryan  languages) 

17.  sios subtus. 

18.  cuir sero, 

19.  cli laevua  (?) — the  omission  of  the  first 

of  two  initial  consonants  is  com- 
mon, as  klinò,  lean. 

20.  an yon,  jen,  keinos. 

21.  dhiabhiaidh...  diabolus. 

22.  do thy,  tuus. 

23.  dith deò. 

24.  i she,  he. 

25.  reachdan rectus. 

26.  dionadh den,  dean,  i.e.,  a  sheltered  place,  a 

den. 

27.  aobhar. opera  (?) 

28.  gim un,  in  compounds,  ohne. 

29.  Bhi be,  phuò,  fui. 

30.  seinn cano. 

31.  cridh cor,  kardia. 

J'.S.—I  see  I  have  omitted  luib,  which  is  just  onr 
English  loop.  J.S.B." 


THE  GAEL. 


Oct.,  1872. 


NEWS  OF  THE  HIGHLANDS  AND 
ISLANDS. 

EwEN  M.\cLachl\n's  Gr4ve. — The  fol- 
lowintf  extract  we  take  from  the  "Nether 
Lochaber"  column  of  the  Inverness  Courier, 
the  sentiment  of  wliich  we  endorse,  and  hope 
that  our  friend's  sus:a;estion  will  meet  with 
the  sympathy  and  support  it  deserves: 

"Ewen  Maclachlan,  commonly  styled  "of 
Aberdeen,"  because  he  taught  the  Grammar 
School  there,  and  there  died,  but  who  was,  in 
truth,  a  Lochaber  man — nay,  a  Nether-Loch- 
aber  man  born  and  bred,  and  whose  ashes 
rest  in  Killevaodain  of  Ardour,  without,  we 
are  ashamed  to  confess  it, "One  ^ray  stone  to 
mark  his  grave"  ******** 
"There  is  a  monument  in  the  shape  of  a 
small  obelisk,  with  a  well  written  suitable 
inscription  to  the  memory  of  Mr  Maclachlan, 
so  distinguished  as  a  Gaelic  scholar,  on  the 
"  Craigs"  at  Fort- William.  Why  should  not  a 
plain  stone,  if  no  more,simply  inscribed  with  his 
name,  be  placed  over  his  remains  in  the  old  Kiel 
«fArdgour,one  of  the  quietest  and  sweetest  spots 
in  all  the  West  Highlands?  The  Lochaber 
Highlanders  of  Glasgow,  who  have  a  large 
and  influential  annual  "gathering,"  might 
surely  do  something  in  the  direction  indicated. 
Few  true  Highlanders  would  refuse,  if 
solicited,  to  add  their  "stone"  to  the  "cairn" 
of  such  a  man.  Aided  by  local  subscriptions, 
the  expense  would  be  but  a  trifle.  It  is  sad 
to  see  the  grave  at  present,  overgrown  with 
nettles  and  other  noxious  weeds,  uncared  for 
and  untended,  without  a  stone  to  mark  the 
spot,  or  a  line  to  tell  the  "  meditator  among 
the  tombs,"  that  beneath  sleeps  the  best  Gaelic 
scholar,  as  he  was  in  all  respects  one  of  the 
truest  Highlanders  of  his  day,  and  a  thorough- 
ly.good  man  withal,  simple  and  guileless  as  a 
child.  The  writer  of  these  lines  will  be  glad, 
as  minister  of  the  parish, to  take  charge  of  all 
that  may  be  necessary  to  be  done  upon  the 
spot,  should  the  suggestion  be  received  with 
favour." 

Monument  to  a  Gaelic  Baud— Professor 
Blackie  twits  the  Highlanders  for  having  no 
Gaelic  inscriptions  on  the  grave  stones  in  any 
of  their  chu:ch-yards.  The  practice  of  having 
such  is  not  so  general  as  might  be  wished 
and  expected,  but  one  instance  at  least  can  be 
quoted  in  which  Gaelic  is  the  language  used. 
In  the  Janetield  Cemctry,  Parkhead,  Glasgow, 
a  very  elegant  monument  has  been  raised  over 
the  grave  of  William  Livingston,  the  Gaelic 
Bard,  by  a  number  of  friends,  and  admirers 
of  his  genius,  on  which  there  is  both  a  Gaelic 
and  an  English  inscription.  The  monument 
is  a  hard  Ireestone  obelisk,  having  on  one 
side  the  words  "Carragh  cuimhneachan 
Uilleam  Mhic  Dhunleibhe,  am  IVard  Ileach, 
a  rugadh  an  Gartmeadhoin  an.  He,   1608,  a 


chanchail  an  Glaschu,  1870."  On  another 
side  it  has  the  words  "  In  memory  of  William 
Livingston,  the  Islay  Gaelic  Bard,  Born  at 
Gartmain,  Islay,  1808,  died  at  Glasgow, 
1870."  In  our  next  number  we  propose  giv- 
ing a  short  notice  of  Livingston  and  from 
time  to  time  some  of  his  poetry,  as  there  are 
some  pieces  of  his  which  were  never  publish- 
ed, and  which,  by  the  kindness  oF  those  in 
whoso  possession  they  are,  we  can  lay  before 
our  readers. 

We  understand  that  the  Italian  Artist  A. 
Signor  P..  Priolo,  residing  at  64  Stock  well 
Park  Road,  S.  W.,  London,  has  prepared 
engravings  of  drawings  which  he  has  made 
from  OssiAN.  They  are  to  be  published  with 
a  page  of  letter  press  to  each,  and  we  hope 
that  the  undertaking  will  be  crowned  with 
success. 

Oban — Gaelic  Class— A  meeting  was  held 
here  on  Thursday,  the  -'Gth  September,  for  the 
purpose  of  starting  a  Gaelic  class.  Addresses 
were  delivered  by  Professor  Blackie;  Rev. 
Archd.  Farquharson;  Councillor  Clerk;  and 
Mr.  Macdougall.  After  these  addresses  a  com- 
mittee was  formed  to  carry  the  suggestions 
&c.  into  effect,  and  16  persons  engaged  to  en- 
roll themselves  as  members  of  the  Association, 
Mr.  Macdougall  kindly  volunteered  to  teach 
the  class.  

ANSWERS  TO  CORRESPONDENTS. 

To  G.  MacK.— The  origin  of  the  clan 
Mackay  seems  to  be  wrapped  in  much  obscur- 
ity; but  the  general  belief  is  that  they  are 
descended  from  the  ancient  Gaelic  inhabit- 
ants of  Caithness.  Colonel  Robertson  says 
"  They  are  no  doubt  the  descendants  of  the 
pure  Gaelic  race,  who  had  retired  to  the  in- 
terior of  the  country  from  the  Norwegian  in- 
vaders." Their  seat  was  Strathnaver,but  there 
was  also  a  branch  of  the  clan  in  Kintyre,  and 
another  in  Islay — to  the  latter,  MacDonald  of 
the  Isles  (who  fought  at  the  liattle  of  Harlaw) 
granted,  in  1408,  the  only  Gaelic  Charter 
known  to  be  in  existence.  The  antiquity  of 
the  clan  is  evident  from  the  fact  that  as  early 
as  1427,  they  could  muster  4000.  Their 
Arms  are  "Azure,  on  a  Chevron,  or,  between 
three  bears'  heads  couped,  argent,  and 
muzzled,  gules.  A  roebuck's  head  erased,  of 
the  last,  between  two  hands  holding  daggers, 
all  proper."  Badge,  "  Bulrush."  Motto, 
"Mann  forti."  Chief  "Erick  Mackay,  Lord 
Reay."  We  have  not  heard  the  name  pro- 
nounced Mackae  or  Mackee  except  where 
ignorance,  or  affectation,  was  the  predominat- 
ing j)assion.  The  name  in  Gaelic  is  Mac- 
Aoidh  (son  of  Hugh)  and  in  English  it  is  pro- 
nounced almost  similar,  and  that  it  was  pro- 
nounced in  that  manner  from  the  earliest  times 
is  manifest  from  the  fact  that  Fordun  writes  it 
"Macqyc." 


I  Leabh.] 


CEUD  MIOS  A'  GHEAMHRAIDH,  1872. 


[9  AlR. 


MU  NA  SEANN  GHAIDHEIL. 
YII. 

Dhearbli  sinn  a  nis  gu  soilleir  ga'm 
b'e  an  t-aou  sluagh  ceuflna  a  bha 
'chòmhnaìdli  an  ceann  tuath  na  li-Alba 
fad  mìlebliadhna — olàithibh  Agricolagu 
linu  Challuim  a'  Chinn  Mhòir.  Rè  thrì 
cheud  bliadhna  theireadh  na  Ròmanaich 
Caledonaich  riutlia;  agus  re  slieachd 
ceud  bliadhua  theirteadh  Pictich  riu 
leis  na  Ròmanaich  agus  leis  na  Seanach- 
aidhibh;  an  dèigh  sin  fliuair  iad  an 
t-ainm  Scultich :  ach  'n  am  measg  fèin 
b'e  an  t-aium  a  bha  orra  daonnan,  na 
Gàidheil,  agus  b'i  a'  Ghàilig  a'  chainnt 
a  bha  iad  a'  labhairt  riabh. 

Tha  cuid  ag  radh  gun  do  chailleadh 
an  t-seann  chànain  an  uaii*  a  fhnair 
Coinneach  MacAilpein  an  rloghachd, 
agus  gur  ann  o  na  Scuitich  a  sgaoil  a' 
Ghàilig  air  feadh  na  h-Alba:  ach  cha 
ghabh  so  creidsinn,  oir  tha  e  soilleir  gun 
robh  Gaidheil  a  chomhuuidh  'an  ceann 
deas  na  h-Alba  agus  'an  Eilean  Mhan- 
aiun,  agus  mar  an  ceudna  an  Eirinn  fada 
mu'n  d'  thàinig  Agricoha,  no  lulius 
Caesar,  no  neach  sam  bith  dhe  na  Ròm- 
anaich  thar  a'  Chaoil  Bhreatunnaich. 
Tha  Gàilig  Mhanainn  na's  cosmhuile  ri 
GàiKg  Albainn  na  tha  i  ri  Gàilig  Eirinn; 
agus  tha  so  a'  dearbhadh  gum  b'e  an 
t-aon  shiagh  a  ghabh  còmhnuidh  air  tùs 
ann  am  Manainn  agus  ann  an  Albainn. 
Anns  a'  Ghàilig  Mhanainnich  gheibhear 
an  hde  diultannach,  no  am  focal  àicheidh 
Albanuach  cJicii  an  àite  an  fhocail  àich- 
eaid  Ni,  no  Nior,  mar  so,  "cha  rel 
feeyn  aca"  cosmhuil  ris  a'  Ghàilig  Alb- 
annaich,  '■'■cha'ii'eil  fion  aca"  an  àite 
na  doigh  Eireannaich  '■'■ni  hhuil  fion 
aca."      Their  ua  Manainnrch  a  rithist 


"ta  mi"  agus  na  h-Eireannaich  ^^do 
hlii  mi."  Mar  an  ceudna  their  na  Man- 
ainnich,  "  cha  vel,  cha  rou,  cha  bi, " 
agus  na  h-Eirionnaich  "771  bhuil,  ni 
rahh,  ni  bitheann."  Tha  Gailig  Mhan- 
ainn mar  so  ni's  faisge  air  Gailig  Albainn 
agus  tha  sin  a'  feuchainn  gun  robh  na 
h-aon  Ghàidheil  ann  am  Manainn  agus 
an  Albainn  0  shean.  Tha  e  soilleir  mar 
an  ceudna  gu'n  robh  na  Gaidheil  an 
ceann  deas  na  h-Alba  anns  na  linnibh  0 
chian,  oir  gheibhear  mòran  de  ainmibh 
nan  àitean  air  an  toirt  o'n  Ghàilig,  Tha 
cùnntas  againn  gu  'n  robh  seilbh  aig  na 
Caledonaich  agus  aig  na  Pictich  air  an 
tir  sin  gu  deas  air  caolas  na  Friù  gu 
ruig  a'  chrioch  Shasunnach,  agus  cha 
robh  na  Scuitich  riabh  a  chomhnuidh  an 
sin.  Gidheadh  cha  robh  sluagh  Gàidh- 
eallach  sam  bith  a'  fuireach,  no  Gailig 
'ga  labhairt  anns  an  dùthaich  sin,  0  'n  a 
thàinig  Ida  ngh  nan  Gall  Sasimnack, 
a  ghabhail  seilbh  air  an  tir  'sa'  bhliadhna 
A.D.  oil,  co'rr  us  tri  cheud  deug 
bliadhna  roimhe  so.  Co,  uime  sin,  a  thug 
na  h-ainmean  Gàidhealach  air  na  h-ait- 
ean  ud  mur  robh  Gailig  aig  na  Pictichi 
Tha  na  h-ainraean  Gailig  so  cosmhuil  ri 
ainmibh  àitean  eile  far  an  robh  na 
Pictich  'n  an  aonar  a  chomhnuidh  agus 
far  am  bheil  na  Gaidheil,  an  sliochd-san, 
a  chomhnuidh  gus  an  la  an  diugb.  Ann 
an  Siorramachd  Haddington  tha  sgir- 
eachd  ris  an  abrar  "an  Garbh-allt"  air 
a  h-aiumeachadh  o'n  t-sruth,  no  an  t-allt 
a  tha  'ruith  troimpe,  ris  an  abrar  an 
t-AUt-Garhh.  Ciod  an  dealachadh  ann 
an  seadh  eadar  an  t-ainra  an  Garbh- 
A I  It  ann  a'  Haddington.,  agus  an 
t-Allt-Garhh  ann  am  Bràighe  Loch- 
abar?  Nach  Gailig  iad  le  cheile.?  Nach 
tnigear  ciod  a's  ciall  doibh  leis  na  h-uile 


224 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


Ceud  MioB  a"  Gheamhraidh,  ] 


mac  Gàidheil  a  cbluinneas  an  t-ainm? 
Ann  am  Bràighe  Mhàr,  am  fagus  do 
Bhaile-chaisteil,  tha  allt  ris  an  abrar  an 
Garbh-allt  mar  an  ceudna.  Tha  so  a' 
dearbliadli  gu'm  b'e  an  sluagh  cendna  a 
bba  a  cbòmhnuidh  ann  a'  Iladdington 
agus  am  Bràigbe  Mbru',  gu'n  do  labbair 
iad  an  aou  cbànain,  agus  gu'm  b'i  sin  a' 
Gbàilig. 

Tha  baile  aua  a'  Haddington  ris  an 
abrar  Dunbar;  tha  so  a'  ciallacbadb 
Dun,  no  daingneacb,  a  tba  suidkicbte 
air  burr,  no  air  rugba;  agus  tba  e 
freagarracb  do  'n  àite  sin — a  tba  suidb- 
icbte  mar  sin.  Tba  àite  eile  'm  fagus 
do  Dbiin-eidin,  mar  letb-mbile  bbuaitbe, 
ris  an  abrar  Dail-Rigb:  's  tba  mòran 
àitean  's  a'  Gbàidbealtacbd  air  am  bbeil 
an  t-ainra  so,  agus  tba  o  soilleir  do 
neacb  air  bitb  aig  am  bbeil  Gàilig.  Tba 
ainm  a'  bbaile  Dun-Eidin,  a'  noobdadb 
mar  an  ceudna  gun  robb  Gàilig  air  a 
labbairt  's  an  taobb  deas  aig  an  am  sin, 
Tbugadb  an  tir  so  bbo  na  Pictich  le 
Ida  agus  na  Gaill  'sa  bbliadbna  547. 
B'e  Edwin  no  Eklin  an  atb  rigb  a  bba 
air  na  Gaill  an  deigb  Ida.  Tboisicb 
esan  air  riogbacbadb'sa'  bbliadbna  a. d. 
617.  agus  mharbbadb  e  's  a'  bbliadbna 
633  le  Caldwalla  rigb  nan  Breatuinn- 
eacb,  agus  Penda  rigb  Mhercia.  Uime 
sin  b'ann  cadaran  da  am  so  a  tbog  Edwin 
suas  as  ùr  agus  a  cbàirich  e  an  seann 
Dim  a  bba  aig  na  Picticb,  agus  air  an 
robb  Dun-Monaidh  mar  ainm  an  tois- 
eacb,  mar  a  cbitbear  ann  an  roimb-ràdb 
Leabbar-Urnuigb  Easbuig  Charswell 
(a  cbeud  leabbar  a  cblò-bbualadb  an 
Gàilig.)  0  cbeann  còrr  us  tri  cbeud 
bliadbna  cblò-bbualadh  e  "ann  an  Dun- 
Eidin,  d'am  bu  cbomb-ainm  Dun-Mon- 
aidb,  an  21mb  la  de'n  mbios  April  'sa' 
bbUadbna  15G7."  B'  cigingu'n  tugadh 
Dun-Eidin  mar  ainm  air  a'  bbaile  cbo 
fad  's  a  bba  rigb  Edwin  beo,  'se  sin 
roimb  'n  bbliadbna  C33,  oir  an  deigb  a 
bbàis  cba  bbiodb  e  dualacb  an  t-ainm  a 
tboirt  air,  do  bbrlgb  nacb  biodb  e  cbo 
soilleir  CO  a  rinn  au  daingneacb  mu'n 
do  gblac  na  Gaill  an  t-aite,  agus  b'  eigin 


gu'n  d'  fhuair  e  an  t-ainm  so  fada  mu'n 
d'  tbàiuig  Agricola  agus  na  Romanaich 
do  'n  tlr,   oir   bba  an  earrann  sin   de 
Albainn  cbo  Ian  sluaigb  le  'm  bailtibh 
daiugnicbte    agus  gu'n   do    gbabb   an 
Ceannard  Romanacb  so  da  bbliadbna  a' 
ceannsacbadb  nan  Gàidbeal  a  bba  gn 
deas  air  caolas  na  Friù  agus  air  Cluaidh. 
Tba  mòran  eileanan  ann  an  caolas  na 
Frill  ris  an  abrar  Innis,  mar  tba  Innis- 
cbeitb,  Innis-Cballuim,  an  Innis-Gbarbb. 
Is  ainraean  Gàibg  iad  so  aile  agus  tuig- 
ear  iad  leis  gacb  Gàidbeal.     Agus  tha 
morau    àitean    eile   air   feadb   nan   tri 
Lothianan  ris  an  abrar   Inhliear,    far 
am  bbeil  da  abbaiun,  no  da  allt,  a'  coinn- 
eacbadb  a'  cb6ile  agus  a'  dol  cuideachd, 
mar  tba   Inbbear-bbuic,  Inbbear-Lite, 
lubbear-uisge,    Inbbear-abbainn,    agus 
mav   sin    sios.      Ann   an   siorramacbd 
Liun-Liobbann  gbeibbear  na  b-ainmean 
soilleir    Gàilig    so:       Acba-uam-bard, 
Baile-Bbàird,    an    Abboinn,    Baile-na- 
Craoibbe,     Creag-nan-Gall,    Dail-nam- 
meann,     Druim-beag,      Druim-buidhe, 
Druim-dubb,  Druim-loisgtc,  Druim-mill- 
idb,  Dun-tairbb,  Tòrr-fbitbicbean,  agus 
mar  sin  sios.    Agus  an  siorramacbdaibh 
Dhunfris,  Roxburgh,  Ghalloimy,  agus 
ShcdJiirJci\vA  an  tir  Ian  ainmeauGàidbeal- 
acb,  mar  tba  Sean-cbatbair,  au  Càrn- 
seilicb,  Dail-Rigb,  Dun-scòrr,  agus  na 
ccudau  de  'u  t-seòrsa  sin.     Tba  so  uile 
dearbbadb  gu'n  robb  an  tir  aon  uair  Ian 
Gbàidbeal,   agus  ged  a    db'  fbalbb  an 
sluagb  agus  a  tbeirig  a'  Gbàilig  anus  na 
cearnaibb  sin,  gidbeadb  db'  fbuiricb  na 
b-ainmean  a  tbug  iad  air  na  b-tiitibh 
gnn  atbarracbadh  gus  an  la  an  diugb. 
Tliugadb  na  b-ainmean  so  air  na  b-àit- 
iljji  ud  ceudan  bUadbna  mu'n  d'  tbàinig 
na  Ròiuanaicb  do  db'  Albainn,  o  cbeann 
còrr  agus  da  mbile  bliadbna  roimbe  so, 
agus  tuigear  iad  leis  gacb  Gàidbeal  a' 
cbeart  cbo  matb  agus  ged  a  b'  ann  au 
do   a   db'  ainmicbeadb    iad.      Mur   bu 
Gbàidbeil    na     Calcdonaich    agus    na 
Pictich  cia  mar  a  b'  urrainn  so  a  bbitb. 
Tba  ni  eile  a  dbearbbas  gur  b-i  a' 
Gbàilig   a  labbair  na   Picticb;    se   sin 


CeaJ  Miosa'Gheamhraidh,  1872. 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


225 


i  Dàia    Oisein.     Rinneadh    na  DUn   so 

['  eaclar  a.d.  207,  linn  an  Impire  Severus, 

:  agiis  A.D.    276,  a'   bliliadhna  's  au  do 

mharbhadh  Oscar  mac  Oisein  le  Cairbre 

Ruadh,     Bha  so  ma  thuairim  sea  ceud 

blÌAdhna    roimli  linn   Clioinnich   Mbic 

Ailpein,  agus  na'm  biodh  a'  Grhailig  air 

a   Ii-atharrachadh  an   sin   racbadh   na 

Delia  air  cball,  no  bbiodb  lad  air  am 

measgadh  le  facail   Eireannach.     Acb 

!  cha  'n  'eil  measgadb  sam  bitb  annta.     A 

■  nise  mur  biodb  an  slaagb  ceudna  air  fan- 

i  tuian  anas  an  tir,  's  a'  labbairfc  na  cànain 

chendna  a  bba  aig  an  sinnsearaibb,  cba 

tigeadb  na  Dain  so  nnas  ail*  chuimbne 

biio  linn  gu  linn.     Db'  fbeamadb  iad  a 

bbi  air  an  aitbris  o  bbeal  gu  beul  le 

daoinibb  a  bba  làn-tbuigsian  na  càuaia 

anus  au  do  cbuireadb  ri  cbede  iad  air 

tùs  mu'm  b'  nrrainn  so  tacbairt.     Uime 

sin    tba    na    Gaidheil    a    cborabnuidb 

auns  an  tir  o  linn  Oisein, — no  ana  am 

briatbraibh  eile  'si  a'  Grbàilig  a  labhair 

na  seanu  Chaledonaich  agus  na  Pictlch 

D.  B.  B. 


AIR  CRUINN-CHORPAIBII 
SOILLSEACH    NAN    SPEUR. 

Tba  e  'n  a  ni  araon  taitneacb  agus 
feumail  do'n  duiue  eòlas  fbaotuinn  a 
tbaobb  gacb  ni  air  am  bbeil  e'n  comas 
da  a  sbùilean  a  tbilgeadh.  Tba  oibre 
a'  Chrùitbeir,  gìdbeadh,  auns  aa  t-saogb- 
al  uadurra,  cbo  llonmbor  'n  an  gnè, 
eho  miorbbuileacb  air  an  dealbbadb, 
agus  cbo  òirdbearc  air  an  saidbeacb- 
adb,  's  nacb  urraiun  an  duine  a  tba 
gearr-sbeallaob,  agus  air  bbeag-eiMais, 
acb  fir-neoni  dbiubb  a  rannsacbadb  a 
mach.  Tba  feartan  na  b-inntinn 
aige  cbo  mòr  air  an  trnailleadb,  's 
nacb  ruig  iad,  acb  aaia  an  tombas  ro 
bbeag,  air  maise  agus  mòracbd  nan 
nitbe  sin  a  ta  mu'n  cuairt  da  air  an 
talamb.  Acb  an  uair  a  db'  ambaircaas 
e  air  na  speuraibb  os  a  cbeaun,  agus  a 
cbitb  e  a'  gbrian,  a'  gbealacb,  agus  na 
veultau,  a'  gluasad  gu  tosdacb,  ciuiti, 


'n  an  cuairtibb  fnrsuing  fein,  tba  aobhar 
aig  an  sin  a  tbuigsinn  cia  co  diblidh, 
fann,  lag-cbuiseacb  'sa  tba  e  ann  fein! 
Tba  oibre  sin  a'  cbrutbacbaidb  a'  fòiU- 
seacbadb,  cba'n  e  rabàiu  cumbacbd  neo- 
cbriocbnacb  an  Tigbearua  De,  acb  mar 
an  ceudaa,  a  ghUocais  agus  a  mbaitbeis! 
Gru'a  teagarab,  "Cuiridb  nanèambau  an 
ciSill  gloir  Dbe,  agus  nocbdaidb  na 
speuran  gniomb  a  lamb," — agus  am 
feadb  's  a  ta  iad  mar  so  a'  toirt  fianuis 
air  buaidbibb  do-labbairt  an  Ti  bbeann- 
uicbte  sin  a  dhealbb  iad;  tba  iad,  mar 
an  ceudna  'toirt  rabbadb  do  'u  duiue 
cbum  e  fein  irioslacbadb  'n  a  làtbair, 
mar  cbreutair  nacb  'eil  airidb  air  an 
trocair  a's  lugba  o  làimb-san.  Is  ceart 
a  tbulibairt  rigb  Israeli  r'a  Cbruitbear 
bbeanauicbte  feia;  "Au  uair  a  db'arah- 
airceas  mi  air  do  nèambaibh,  obair  do 
mbeur:  air  a'  gbealaicb,  agus  na  reult- 
aibb,  a  shuidbicb  tbu;  co  e  an  duine 
gu'm  biodb  tusa  cuimlmeacbail  air,  agus 
mac  an  duine  gu'm  fiosraicbeadb  tu  e?" 
Acb  neo-iomlan  mar  a  tba  an  duine  'n  a 
reusau  agus  'n  a  tbuigse  fein,  'sea 
dbleas'nas  na  feartan  agus  na  cumbacbd- 
aa  a  tbugadb  dba  a  gbnatbacbadb  ann 
a  bbi'faiciau  agusa'fiosracbadbDbeauns 
na  h-oibribb  eugsambla  sia  a  rinneadb 
le  Focal  a  cbumbacbd.  Rinn  na  li-ab- 
stoil  so,  an  uair  a  tbubbairt  iad,  "Tre 
cbreidirab  tba  sinn  a'  tuigsinn  gu'n  do 
cbrutbaiclieadb  na  saogbail  tre  fhocal 
Do,  air  cbor  as  nacb  d' rinneadb  na  nitbe 
a  chitbear  de  nitbibb  a  bba  ri'm  faic- 
iaa." 

Cbum  cuideacbadb  a  dbeanamb  le  do 
lucbd-leugbaidh,  a  Gbàidbeil  ioambuian, 
gu  beagan  nitbe  a  tboirt  fa'near  mu 
astar,  meud,  agus  siubbal  nan  reult,  tba 
mi  'cur  rombam  miueacbadb  beag  a 
tboirt  seacbad  ''air  cruian-cborpaibb 
sòiUseacb  nan  speur,"  ann  au  deicb  earr- 
annaibb  fa  letb.  Cbuireadb  a  macb  a' 
cbeud  ceitbir  de  na  h-earrannaibb  sin 
ann  an  "Cuairtear  nan  Gleann,"  o 
cbeann  deicb  bliadbna  ficbead  air  ais ; 
acb  cbum  am  miueacbadb  a  dheanamb 
cbo  iomlan  's  a  dh'  f  lieudas  mi,  cuiridb 


226 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


Ceud  Miog  a'  Gheamhraidh,  1872, 


mi  'n  ad  ionnsuidh  iad  anns  an  òrdugh 

a  leanas: — 

Earranu  I.  Air  Reultaireachd  gu  coit- 

chioun. 
"       II.  Air  a'  Ghreiii  agus  air 

;Mercuri. 
"        III.  Air    co-shuidhcacbadli 

Bhcnuis  agus  na  Talmliainn. 
"       IV.  Air  caochlaidhibh  na 

Gealaich. 
"       V.  Air  na  reultaibh  Mars, 

Bliesta,  luno,  Ceres,  Pallas, 

agus  Iiipiter. 
"       VI.  Air  na  reultaibh  Saturn 

agus  Uranus. 
"       VII.     Air  na  rionnagaibh  ear- 
bull  ach, 
"       VIII.  Air  na  rionnagaibh 

suidbichte. 
*'       IX.  Air  gluasad  agus  dlùth- 

tharruing  nan  corp-nèanih- 

aidh,  agus  air  na  seolaibh- 

ruara. 
Air  dubhradh  na  Greine 

agus  na  Gealaich. — 


X. 


bhriàthar  an  t-salmadair  aideachadh,  a 
deir,  "Cuiridh  na  nèamhan  an  ceill 
glòir  Dhe,  agus  nochdaidli  na  speuran 
guiomh  a  lamh."  (Salra  xix.  4.) 

Tha  reultaireachd  'na  h-eolas  a  ta  air 
gach  seol  oirdhearc  agus  iomchuidh.  Is 
iongantach  a'  chlnnteachd,  agus  an 
eagnuidheaclid  leis  am  bbeil  realta 
nèimh  a'  gluasad  ann  an  gorm-astar  nan 
speur!  Trid  innleachd  agus  foghluim, 
innsidh  na  teallsanaich,  roimh  laimh, 
gach  caochladh  a  tbig  air  solusaibh 
nèinih!  Innsidh  iad  gu  pougail  mu 
dbùbhradh  na  greine  agus  na  gealaich, 
innsidh  iad  c'uin  a  tbig  gach  dubhradh 
dhiubh  so — cia  cho  mòr  'sa  bhios  iad — 
agus  cia  fada  's  a  mhaireas  iad! — Ach 
ged  tha'm  fiosrachadh  so  ruòr,  agus 
luacbmbor,  "An  urrainn  an  dnine  le 
rannsacbadb  Dia  fbaigbeil  a  roach?" 
"Is  esan  a  ta  'na  shuidbe  air  cuairt  na 
talmbainn,  agus  tha  a  lucbdaiteacbaidh 
mar  fhionnain-feòir,  a  ta  'sineadh  a  mach 
na  uèamba  mfir  sgàil  tbaua,  agus  'gan 
sgaoileadh  mar  bbiith  anns  an  gabhar 
còmhnuidh."  (Is.  xl.  22.) 

Cba'n  e  mbàin  gum  bbeil  reul-eolas 
feumail  churn  an  inntinn  a  llonadh  le 
sniuaintiljb  iomchuidh  mu  ghloir,  agus 
,mu    mhòracbd    an    Tigbearna    Do: — 


Earrann  I. 

AIR  REULTAIREACHD  GU 

CO  ITCH  10  NN. 

An  uair  a  bbeachdaicbeas  sinn  gn  cùra- 

mach  air  cruinn-chorpaibh  soillseach  j  ach  tha  e  feumail  do'n  chinue-daoine 
nan  speur,  a'  siubhal  gu  ciùin,  agus  gu  ,  air  son  nitbe  eug  samhla  eile.  Air  an 
riaghailteach  os  ar  ceann,  cha  chomas  '  aobbar  sin  gheibhear  an  t-eòlais  so,  ann 
duinn   gun   a  bhi   air    ar    lionadh    lejan  tomhas  niòr  no  beag  am  measg  nan' 


gun 

iongantas,  agus  gun  eigheach  a  mach 
maille  ri  Dabhaidh,  "0  lehobhaih  ar 
Tigbearna  cia  oirdhearc  tainra  air  feadh 
na  talrahainn  uile!  a  shocraich  do  ghloir 
OS  ceann  nan  nèamh!  'Nuair  a  db' 
ambairceas  mi  air  do  nèamhaibh,  obair 
do  mbeur:  air  a'  gbealaich,  agus  na 
reultaibh,  a  shuidhich  thu,  co  è  an 
duine  gu'm  fiosraicheadh  tu  e?"  (Salm 
viii.  1 — 4.)  An  uair  a  dh'  fbosglas 
sinn  ar  sùilean  air  na  neambaibh,  chi 
sinn  gu  cinnteach  sealladh  leis  am  bu 
choir  duinn  a  bhi  umbal  agus  iriosal, — 
obi  sinn  ni's  leòir  chum  gliocas,  cnnih- 
achd,  agus  maitbeas  lehobhaih  fb^ill- 
seachadh  d'ar  luigse; — agus  chum  firiun 


uile  chinneacb!  Trid  an  eolais  so,  tha 
daoine  fogbluimte  a'  faotuinn  a  mach 
caochlaidb  solnis  na  gealaich, — riagh- 
ailtean  nan  seol-mara,  —  cnmadh  agus 
mend  na  talmbainn, — agussuidbeacbadh 
agus  farsuingeacbd  dluicbanna  agus 
riogbachdan  an  dombain!  Trid  an 
còlais  so,  mar  an  ceudna,  tha  bliadh- 
naicbean  air  an  tomhas,  agus  tcachd  gach 
truth'  agus  aimsir  air  a  chombarrachadh 
a  mach?  Trid  an  eòlais  so,  tha  seòl- 
adairean  a'  faotuinn  a  mach  nan  aitean 
anns  am  bbci!  iad  air  na  cuantaibb  mora 
agus  farsuing,  agns  a'  stiùradh  an 
sligbcan  gu  tèaruinte  do  dhùchannaibh 
an  coin ! 


1  Mlosa'  Qheamhraidh,  1872. 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


227 


Mu  dh'  arahairceas  neacli,  air  oidhche 
chiiiin,  reòta,  ghearaliraidh,  chi  e  mu 
mhile  rionnag  an  crochadh  mar  lochran- 
.  aibh  drilianeach  os  a  cheatia — chi  e  iad 
do  ga;h  mead,  agus  soilleireachd — cuid 
diabh  beag  agus  faau,  agus  cuid  eile 
dhiubh  mòr,  agus  a'  deàlrachadh  le 
solus  soilleir  agus  seasmhacla!  Ach  ged 
nach  fbaicear  acli  mu  mliile  dliiubli  so 
leis  an  t-sùil  luim,  cliithear  le  gloiaeach- 
aibli  innleacbdach  a  fbuaradh  a  macb, 
mu'n  cuairt  de  cbeud  mile,  uile 
còmblatb!  Agus  cba'n  'eil  an  àireamb 
mliòr  so  an  coimeas  ris  an  aireamh  a  ta 
air  an  sgaoileadb  air  feadb  farsuingeachd 
ua  cruitheacbd,  ach  mar  eltean  gaiueimli 
air  tràigb  ua  fàirge!  Tha  cuid  diubh 
anabarracb  mor — ficbead,  letbcbeud, 
mile  uair  mi's  mo  na'n  talamb  air  am 
bheil  sinn'  a'  gluasad,  agus  is  gann  a 
:  gbeibbear  aon  'nam  measg  cbo  beag  ris ! 
I  Goirear  le  teallsanaicb  rionnagan 
suidhicbte  dbetb  gacb  solus  a  cbitbear 
amis  na  nèamhaibb,  ach  cba'n  abrar  so 
ris  a'  gbrein,  agus  a  gbealaicb  againne, 
no  ri  aireamh  bbeag  de  reultaibb  agus 
de  ghealacbaibh  eile,  agus  de  rionngaibh- 
earbullacli,  ata  cuairteachadb  na  greine, 
air  an  toir  sinn  cùnntas  an  deigh  so.  Tba 
na  rionnagan  suidhicbte  aig  astar 
uambasadh,  agus  do-thuigsinn  air  falbh 
uainue; — agus  an  uair  a  smuainicheas 
sinn  air  am  meud,  an  aireamh,  an  nàdur, 
agus  an  astar — cha  chomas  dhuinn,  an 
sin,  gun  smuaineaachadh  air  cumhacbd 
an  Ti  uile-gblormhoir  sin  "  a  sgeadaich 
na  nèamha  le  a  Spiorad."  (lob  xxv.  13) 
Chum  beachda  thoirt  air  astar  nan 
rionnag  so  air  falbh,  ghabhadh  am  peileir 
a's  luaith'  a  chaidli  riamb  a  macb  a  beul 
gunna,  ged  a  dh'  fhanadh  e  'ua  dheann- 
aibb,  còrr  agus  muillean  bliàdhna,  mu'n 
ruigeadh  e  cuid  dhiubh!  Nach  ceart 
a  dh'  fbeudas  daoine  a'  cheist  a  chur,  Co 
a  rinn  ua  nithe  mora,  maiseach,  agus 
miorbhuileach  so?  Co,  ach  an  Dia  sin, 
"a  rinn  an  talamh  le  'chumhacbd, — a 
shoeruich  an  saoglial  le  'ghliocas, — agus 
le  'thuisge  a  sgaoil  a  macb  na  nèamba." 
(ler.  X.  12.) 


Tha  na  reulta  so  uile  air  an  suidheach- 
adh,  mar  ga'ra  b'ann,  'nan  teagblaicb  air 
letb,  air  feadb  farsuingeachd  na  cruith- 
eacbd! Tba  aireamh shonruicbte  dhiubh, 
aig  am  bheil  grian  doibh  fein,  m'a 
timchioU  am  bheil  iad  a'  siubhal,  ann  an 
cuairtibb  eug-sambla;  agus  o'm  bheil  iad 
a'  faotainn  soluis  agus  teas!  Tha  air- 
eamh nan  grian,  's  nan  reull,  a  ta  'gan 
cuairteachadb  air  an  dòigh  so,  cho  mor, 
a's  nach  urrainn  teallsanaicb  le'n  uil' 
inideachdaibb,  a  bbeag  sam  bith  a 
dbeanamh  a  mach  gu  cinnteacb  mu'n 
timchioU!  Cosmhuil  ris  gacb  grian  eile, 
tba  a'  ghrian  againne  'ga  nochdadh  feia 
anns  na  speuraibb,  air  a  cuairteachadh 
le  a  reultaibh  fein,  ris  am  bheil  i  a'  comh- 
pairteachadh  ai'aon  soluis  agus  teas! 

Air  di  a  bhi  fagus  do  làimh,  an  coimeas 
ri  grianaibb  eile  na  cruitheacbd;  tha 
sinn  'ga  faicinn  mor,  cruinn,  agus  deal- 
rach;  am  feadb  'sa  chi  sinn  na  grianan 
eile,  mar  rionnagaibb  beaga,  driUnneach, 
a  thaobh  am  mòr-astar  air  falbh!  Ged 
nach  d'  fhuair  daoine  foghluimte  a  bbeag 
a  mach  mu  tbimcbioll  nan  rionnag 
suidhicbte,  agus  nan  grian  do-àireamh, 
a  ta  air  an  suidbeachadh  mar  sheudaibh 
boillsgeach,  anns  na  speuraibb  os  ar 
ceann;  gidheadh,  fhuair  iad  a  mach 
mòran  de  nitbibh  air  mliodh  cinnteacb, 
mu  tbimcbioll  na  greiu'  againn  fein,  agus 
an  teagblaicb  bhig  de  na  reultaibh,  a  ta 
'g  iadhadh  gu  siùijhlacb,  tosdach,  mu'n 
cuairt  di!  Orra  so,  uime  sin,  bheirear 
a  nis  cunntas  goirid  agus  cinnteacb, 
chum  's  gu'ra  faicear  moraebd  agus 
cumhacbdRigh  siorruidh  nacruitheachd 
a  dhealbb  iad  uile  an  toiseach. 

Fbuaradh  a  mach  gu'm  bheil  seachd 
mhòr  agus  ceithir  bheaga  de  reultaibh 
seacharanacb,  a'  siubhal  timchioU  na 
greine,  ann  an  cuairtibb  air  letb,  agus 
gu'm  bheil  gealaichean  aig  còig  de  na 
reultaibh  so,  a  ta  'gan  cuairteachadh, 
ceart  mar  a  tba  iad  fein  a'  cuairteachadh 
na  greine!  Tha  gacb  aon  de  na 
cearcallaibh  mora  so,  anns  am  bheil  na 
reultan  a'  siubhal,  aig  caochladh  astair 
air  falbh  o'n  ghreiu;  uime   sin,  tha  a' 


AX  GAIDHEAL. 


CeudMioga'Gh  amhraidh,  1372, 


glirian   air    a    snidheachadli    ami    am 
meadbou  a  teaghlaicb, 

Cruiun  mar  Ian  sgiatli  chruaidh  nan  triath, 
far  am  bheil  i  a'  tilgeadh  a  mach  a 
gallianiia-soluis,  air  gach  aoa  fa  letli 
d'a  reultaibh,  agus  'gan  ath-nnadhach- 
adb  gacb  la  le  maise,  agus  soilleireacbdl 
Til  a  na  reultau  air  an  ainmeachadb  mar 
a  Icanas,  agus  anus  an  òrdugli  anns  am 
blifil  iad  aig  astar  o'nglirein:  MERCura, 
Bhexu?,  ax  Talamft,  Mars,  Biiesta, 
luNO,  Ceres,  Pallas,  Iupiter,  Saturn, 
agus  Uranus. 

Bbeirear  cunutas  orra  so  fa  letb,  ami 
an  earrauuaibb  eile  an  deigb  so. 

SGiAxnAXAcn. 

SEACHDUINN  AN  CINN-A'- 
GHIUTHSAICH. 

PlIIR   MO   ChRIDIIE, 

'S  i  mo  bheachd  gu'n  robh  'ur 
luclid-leughaidh  a'  sineadh  air  smaoin- 
•eacliadli  nach  cuirinu-se  'n  corr  triob- 
laid  orra,  le  mo  chuid  feala-dha,  air 
duilleagaibh  A'  Ghaidiieil.  Ma  bha, 
chi  iad  a  nise  iiacli  robh  an  cuid  faidh- 
idearacbd  clio  firinneach  's  a  bha  iad 


'N 


uair  a  S2;r 


iobh 


'Ceum 


KG  DiiA  o'n  Chagailt"  's  an  fc-seath- 
amh  àircamh  de  'n  Ghaidheal,  gheall 
mi  gun  innsinn  aig  am  eile  clio  math 
'sa  thaitinn  Ciun-a'-ghiùthsaich  rium, 
's  air  an  aobhar  sin  ni  mi  dichioll  air 
focal  no  dba  'chur  ri  cheile,  agus  mar 
a  thuirt  an  ceard  '"mar  a  dian  mi  spaiu, 
millidh  mi  adharc." 

Ma's  math  mo  chuimhnc,  dh-innis 
mi  ann  an  "Ceum  no  dha  o'n  Chcagailt" 
gur  h-ann  'g  am  chluith  fein  a  blia  mi 
'a  Cinn-a'-ghiiithsaich,  oir  cha  d'  rinn 
mi  ni  ach  falbh  d  Inbhir-nis  mar  rinn 
an  "Rimasdach"  ;'i  Glaschu.  Tha  mi 
'faicinn  gu'n  do  dh-ionnsaich  csan  a 
bhuidseachd  air  a  chuairt,  ach  mise, 
cha  chuala  mi  guth  mu  bhuidsichean 
no  mu  shithichean  (an  Ni  math  gu'n 
robh 'g  ar  gleidheadh)  am  fad  'sabha 
mi  'm  Baideanach.  'Si  cailleach  an  Lag- 
ain,  a'  bhan-bhuidscach  mu  dhcireadh 


airan  d'fhuair  miiomradh'sauduthaich ; 
agus  air  son  sithichean,  cha'u'eilduine 
am  Baideanach  a  clmnnaic  a  h-aon 
diubh  riamh :  ma  tlia,  cha  chuala  mise 
mu  dheighinn.  Theagamh  gu'm  bheil, 
feadhainu  de'rluchd-Ieughaidh-se  nach 
cuala  an  sgeula  rau  bhean  an  Lagain, 
agus  air  an  aobhar  sin,  their  mi  focal 
nodhàmu'n  uilebiast.  Ma  tha  gach 
sgiala  fior  's  i  'chuir  as  an  rathad  Iain 
Garbh  Mac-'IUe-Challuim  Ràrsaidh; 
ach  air  an  latha  'rinn  i  sin  fhuair  ise 
acaid  a's  galair  a  b;\is.  Air  d'i  i^illeadh 
an  deigh  "Iain  Garbh"  a  bhàthadh, 
thug  i  am  monadh  oirre  agus  a  steach 
gu'n  deach  i  do  bhothan  anns  an  robh 
fear  deth  'cuid  n;\buidhean  a'  gabhail 
tàmh.  Bhiodh  an  duine  seo  gu  math 
trie  a'  sealg  agus  nam  biodh  stoirm 
ann  (mar  a  thachair  gun  robh  air  an  la 
ud)  bu  chleachdach  leis  'anail  a  Icigeil; 
agus  ma-dh-fhaoidte,  an  oidhche  'chuir 
seachad  anns  a'  bhothan  a  dh-ainmich 
mi.  Air  an  la  seo  bha  e  staigh  's  an 
deagh  ghealbhan  air  a  bhial-thaobh,  a's 
e  'g  a  thiormachadh  's  'ga  ghaireadh 
fein.  Siiil  'gan  d'  thug  e  air  an  dorus 
ciod  e  chunnaic  e  ach  cat  peallach, 
odhar,  agus  gur  gann  a  bha  e  'lean- 
tuinn  a  cheile  leis  a'  bhochduinn.  Bha 
da  chh  aig  an  t-sealgair,  a's  leum  iad 
air  a' bheisd  cho  luath  'sa  thàinig  e 
gus  an  dorus.  Cha  bu  luaithe  'leum 
na  coin  air  na  thug  e  ran  as  agus  aig 
an  am  cheudna  dh-iarr  e  air  an  t-sealg- 
air tròcair  a  dheanamh  air.  Ghabh  an 
sealgair  n:òrioghuadh  air  do'n  chat 
labhairt  ris;  agus  a  chum  'sgu  'm  faic- 
eadh  e  ciod  'n  seorsa  beathaich  a  bh' 
aige  chaisg  e  na  coin;  'sanuair  a  chaisg 
cha  'n  f hac  e  ach  an  cat  mar  a  bha  e  'a 
toiseach.  "Thig  gus  an  teine  'sdean 
do  ghaireadh"  deir  an  sealgair.  "Cha 
d'  thig"  ars'  an  cat,  "oir  tha  eagal  orm 
gu'n  gearr  do  chuid  chon  mi."  Thug 
an  cat  an  seo  ròineag  fhada  do'n  t-sealg- 
air, ag  iarraidh  air  aig  an  am  cheudna 
na  coin  a  cheaugal  leatha  ris  a  mhaide- 
cheangail.  Chuir  an  sealgair  an  ròineag 
mu'n  mhaide-cheangail,  agus  leag  e  air 


Còwì  Mios  a'  Gheamhriidli,  1872. 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


229 


ris  a'  cliat  gu'n  do  chuir  e  air  na  coin 

i  mar  an  ceudna.     An  seo  thàinig  an 

cat  thun  an  teine;  agas  cha  bu  luaithe 

;  'thainig  na  shin  e  air  fas  mòr.     Thug 

( an  sealgair  an  aire  do  seo,  agus  ars' 

';  esan,  "droch  shiubhal  ort  a  bhiast  leib- 

eideach,  's  tu  tha 'fas  niòr;"    a's  ann 

'  am  prioba  na  svila  bha  'n  cat  cho  raòr 

ri   mialchu;    agus   an    ath    shealladh 

chruth-atharraich  a  bhiast  e-fèin  's  co 

bh'  aige  ach  tè  deth  'bhan-nàbuidhean 

ifis  an  canta  gu  coitchionn  "Bean  an 

Lagain,"  agus  air  an  robh  e  cho  eòlach 

's  a   bha  'n   liagh    air  a'    phoit.      "A 

shealgair  nam  beann"  deir  ise,  "thàin- 

,ig  crioch    do  ]àithean-sa.      'S   fhada 

>  le     b'  f  huathach    leat    mi-fein    's  mo 

sheòrs',  ach  a  nisegheibh  sinubuaidh.'' 

Leum  i  air,  'srinn  i  greim  air  a  sgornan; 

ach  cha  bu  luaithe  'leum  na  'leum  na 

coin  oirre-se;  "teanuaich  a's  tachd  a 

roiueag"  ars'  ise — 'si'n  diiil  gu'n  robh 

I  an  roineag  mu  abhaichean  nan  con — 

.  's  cha  bu  luaithe  'thuirt,  na  'gheàrr  an 

;  roineag  am  maide-ceangail.     Bha  na 

I  coin  an  sàs  innte,  'g  a  caobadh  's  ga 

ireubadh,  ach  mu  dlieireadh  fhuair  i 

uapa,  's  am  j^rioba  na  siila  dh-fhalbh  i 

air  iteig  'an  cruth  fithich.     Gu  sgeula 

goirid   a  dheanamh  dhuibh,   fhuair   i 

bàs  an  oidhche  sin.  Thachair  do  dhithis 

iChoisichean  a  bhi,  aig  a'  cheart  am,  a 

tighinn   seach  a'   Monadh-liath  eadar 

Srath-eire     's  Bàideanach;     's  ciod     a 

chunuaic  iad  ach  boireannach  'n  a  ruith 

's  'n  a   teann   ruith,    a'  tighinn  'n  an 

.coinneamh,  agus  chaidh  i  seachad  orra 

gun  aon  fhocal  a  ràdh.     Cha  deach  iad 

fad  air  an  aghaidh  an  uair  a  choinnich 

da  chii  dhubh  iad  'nan  teann  ruith  air 

lorg  a'  bhoireanuaich.    Goirid  an  dèigh 

seo,  choinnich  duine  dubh  iad,  a'  mar- 

cachd  air  each  dubh.     Stad  am  mar- 

caiche  dubh  a's  dh-fheòraich  e  am  faca 

iad   am   boireannach   's  na    coin  'n  a 

dèigh.    Thuirt  gu'm  fac'.     "Saoil  sibh 

am  beir  iad  oirre  mu'n  ruig  i  'n  cladh  ?" 

Thuirt  na  fir  nach  biodh  iad  fada  'n  a 

dèigh  co-dhiù ;  's  an  sin  dh-fhalbh  am 

marcaiche.      Cha    b'  fhada  gus   gu'n 


d'  rug  e  orra  tighinn  air  ais  agus  am 
boireannach  seachad  air  a  bhial-thaobh 
air  an  diallaid — an  dara  cii  an  slaoda 
ri  'sliasaid  air  taobh  clith  an  eich,  agus 
an  CÙ  eile  an  slaoda  ri  'cioch  air  a 
thaobh  deas.  'S  an  dol  seachad  thuirt 
fear  de  na  coisichean  "Puig  thu  oirre." 
"Rug"  ars'  am  marcaiche  "direach  aig 
dorus  a'  Chlaidh." — Thainig  na  fir  do 
Bhàideanach  a's  dh-innis  iad  mar 
thachair  doibh  air  an  t-slighe;  is  bn 
mhuladach  e,  oir  cha  'n  'eil  teagamh 
nach  e  spiorad  cailleach  an  Lagain  a 
chunnaic  iad  a'  ruith  thun  a'  chlaidh 
(oir  b'  àite  seunta  e)  agus  am  Fear-mill- 
idh  air  a  tòir. 

Latha  de  na  làithibh,  's  mi  air  mo 
chuairt,  co  'choinnich  mi  ach 
Dòmhnull-Phcàil,  am  bard,  duine  cho 
aoigheil  's  cho  toilichte  's  a  chur  cas  am 
bròig.  Labhair  bathais-gun-naire  ris  a 
cheart  co  tapaidh  agus  ged  a  b'  eòl 
domh  e  o  ghlùn  mo  mhàthar;  's  mo 
labhair,  cha  b'e  freagairt  gruamach  a 
fhuair  mi.  Shin  sinn  air  bruithinn 
mu  'n  Giiaidheal  agus  faodaidh  sibh  a 
bhi  cinnteach  nach  ann  'g  a  chaineadh. 
"An  cuala  tu  riamh  an.  rann  seoT'  ars' 
esan: — 

•'Tha  Gliàilig  air  a  sgiathiiibli 
'S  tha  'srian  aicc  'n  a  beul; 
'S  sean  i,  's  cha  do  liath  i 
'S  i  riamh  aun  o  hnn  Eubh — 
'S  mar  fhir-eun  anus  na  nialaibh, 
Os  cionn  gach  ian  's  na  speir!" 

Cha  'n  'eil  fada  le  chunnaic  mi  litir 
's  A'  (Jhaidheal  mu  dheighiun  òran  a 
rinn'Dòmhnullcòir.  Cha'n  urrainnmise 
'thuigsinn  co  e  'n  "  Galium"  a  sgriobh 
an  litir  ud;  ach  gun  teagamh  sam  bith, 
tha  fios  agaibh-se.  Cha  'n  fhaca  mise 
duine  an  Cinn-a'-ghiiithsaich  de'n 
aium  ach  aon  ionragau  a  bha  gu  math 
trie  air  an  t-sràid,  agus  ma's  math  mo 
chuimhne  'se  "Callum  Post"  a  chuala 
mi  iad  ag  radii  ris;  a's  mheall  mo 
bharail  mi,  ma 's  e  esan  a  sgriobh  do  'r 
n-ionnsuidh. 

Air  cuairt  eile  air  an  robh  mi  fhuair 
mi   iomradh   air   bard  eile  an   Cinn- 


230 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


Ceud  Mios  a'  Gheamhraidh,  187f. 


'a-gbihthsaich.  Ged  blia  mi  eòlach 
air  bàrdachd  Dbòmbniiill  Pbàil  o  in' 
òige,  cha  cbnala  mi  guth  riabh  mu 
DbòmbnuHa'  Cbnuic  (oir  'se  sin  ainm 
coitchioiin  an  fhir  eile).  Gu'n  fhios 
nach'cil  luchd-leugbaidh  A'  Giiaidiieil 
cbo  aineolach  air  snbhadcean  an  duine 
POO  's  a  bba  mi-fein  mu'n  deach  mi  do  j 
dh-àvd  bbaile  Bbàidcanach,  bheir  mi 
dhnibh  na  rainn  a  leanas.  Bha  iad  air 
an  labbairt  leis  fein,  air  dba  eiridh  a 
db-òl  deocb-slàinte  nigliinn  Thigbearna 
Chbiainidb,  air  dhi  Òcùiìtean  Fitzroy 
a  pbòsadb, 

"'Si  seo  deoch-slàinte  'clnipuill  ùig 

A  phòd  'an  Caisteil  Chluainidh; 

'S  a  dh-fhalbh  Diar-daoin  le  aoibhneas  as, 

'S  an  staoidhle  mar  bn  dual  doibh. — 

Bi'dh  sinne  'guidhe  sòlais  dhoibh 

'S  a  'g  Ò1  le  Ian  na  cuaiche — 

'SaogU'l  buan  as  mòr  thoil-irmtinn  dboibli 

'S  iad  cinntinn  mar  an  luachair. 

'N  uair  'tbàinig  beul  na  b-oidbche 
Bba  aoibbneas  a'  measg  naislcau, 
Bba  aoibbneas  ann  am  Bàideanach, 
'S  gacb  àite  'n  cnalas  luaidh  air. 
Bba  'n  tir  gu  lèir  a'  soillscacbadh 
Mar  dbaoimeanan  mn'n  cn.iirt  dninn, 
'S  mar  mbeadbon  la  bha  'n  oidliche 
Le  tein'-aoibhnis  air  gacb  guallainn. 

Bba  Còìrncal  Bbailebhilleadb  ann 
Nacb  tilleadb  le  'cbuid  armacbd — 
Bha  còrr  a's  coig  eich  fbicbead  aigo 
'Tarruing  giuthas  sgealbta — 
Sid  "s  clii'i  air  fear  I'airc  an  t-Cbeipeil 
'S  gun  cbcist  cha'n  fhicas  cearb  air: 
'S  gur  mòr  an  cliù  tba  'm  Baideanacb, 
'S  g  ich  ait  an  cualas  ainm  air. 

«f  o  «S  fit  «t  » 

Ach  's  i  ar  gnidbe  'n  trà  seo, 
'S  gu  br;\tb  do'n  cbàraid  uasail. 
An  t-àrd  Rìgb  'bhi  'n  a  gheard  orra 
'S  gacb  ait'  an  dian  iad  gluasad, 
'S  iad  leantuinn  lorii;  an  sinnsearaebd, 
'S  gu  cinnteacb  bi'dh  iad  buadbach, 
'S  ar  duil  gun  till  iad  sàbbailte 
'Chur  fàilt'  air  Tigbe.irna  Chluainidh, 

Air  dbomb  pilltinn  do  'n  taigh  's  an 
robb  mi  'tamb,  sbin  mi  air  bruitbinn 
ri  mo  cbaraid  (fear-an-taiglie)  mu  gacb 
m  a  bha  mi  'faicinn  'sa'  chiinntinn  gus 
mu  dhcireadb  a  tbionndain  ar  conal- 


tradb  mu  na  bàird.  "Siii  am  pac,'* 
ars'  esan,  ''a  tba  fas  lionmbor,  na  bàird, 
no  gu  b-àraid  lucbd-millidb  nan  dan. 
Cba  'n  'eil  duine,  ma  gbeobb  e  bliadbna. 
no  dlia  's  a'  sgoil  uacb  sin  air  toirfc  a> 
cbreidsiun  air  fein  's  air  càcb,  gur  bard 
e.  CbuaLa  mi  iomradb  air  piobaire  leia 
am  bu  cbleacbdacb  a  bbi  aig  gacb  pòa 
adb  a's  banais  's  an  diitbaicb  an  làith- 
ibb  'òige;  agus  mar  sin  a'  tional  mòraii: 
airgeid.  Acb  air  dba  'bbi  tigbinn  gU' 
aois  sbin  feadbainu  eile  air  a'  cbeard,! 
agus  cba  robb  an  sean  pbiobaire  'faigh" 
inn  cuireadb  gu  aon  bbanais  anns  an 
fbicbead  a  bba  e  cleacbdadh  'sna  'làith- 
ibb  a  dli-aom'.  Latba  de  na  làitbibh 
cboinnich  duine  eil  ris,  a  sbin  air 
bruitbinn  mu  na  piobairean  òga  mu'n 
cuairt;  '0  drocb  sliiubbal  orra'  ars'  an 
sean  fbear,  '  Cba'n  fbaigb  tbu  clach 
a  tbilgeas  tu  aircii  acb  piobaire;'  acb  a 
nise  na  bàird;  cba'n  fbaigb  tbu  clach 
a  tbilgeas  tu  air  cii  acb  bard."  '"Sam 
bbeil  sibh  a'  smuaineacbadb"  deir  mise, 
"nacb 'eil  bard  idir  ri  fbaigbinn  an 
diugb?"  "Cba'n  'eil"  ars'  esan  "'SmÌ 
nacb  'eil;  acb  ged  a  gbeobbar  beagan 
cruinneacbd  a'  measg  ar  lucbd  eallaidb 
tba  'm  moll  ro  pbailt.  Na  sniuainich 
idir  gur  bàrdacbd  rann  no  dba  a  cbur 
an  altaibb  a  cbeile  (gu  trie  gle  cbearb- 
acb)  gun  aon  smuaintean  'n  am  me? 
nacb  cuala  sinn  o  làitbibb  ar  nòige<< 
Tba'n  fbeadbainn  a  tba  'ceangal 
cuid  rainn  gun  bbrigb  ri  seann  fbuinil: 
bblasd-mhòr  Gbaidhealacb  an  dhil  gu'a 
ctim  iad  an  cuid  fein  spleadbacbais  a 
cuimbne  air  a  mbodb  sin ;  acb  tba  iail 
gu  trie  a'  call  an  chrsa,  agus  an  cuifl 
ranntacbd  a  dol  air  an  t-sligbe  ^à 
an  robb  i  cbo  toilltinneacb — eadhonj 
sUghe  na  di-clndmhne.  Agus  tboir  a! 
cbluas  de  mo  cblaigionn-sa  ma  bhioi 
iomradb  aig  an  àl  a  tba  'g  eiridb  suaai 
air  aon  anns  an  fbicbead  de  na  sgaom-l 
airean  a  tba  nise  'gabbail  orra'bbi  'nami 
bàird.  Acb  togaraaid  diubb.  Ciodii 
do  bbeacbd  de  Bbàid^anacb  ?" 

Db-iunis   mi    dba  mo   bbeacbd  d9< 
Bbàideanacb;     agus    A     Giiaidhbiìji 


Oeud  Mlos  a'  Qheamhraidh,  1872. 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


231 


chomhairlichinn  duibli-se  cuairt  a 
thoirt  troimhe;  oir  'se  fior  àite  Gàidh- 
ealacli  a  th'ann.  Ann  an  cuid  de  dh- 
àitibh  de'n  Ghàidhealtaclid  innsidli  iad 
,  dhuibh  le  spalpadh  pròise  nach  leugh 
iad  a'  Ghàilig  (ge  nair  e  ri  'cliluinntinn) 
ach  am  Bàideanach  ma  tha  neach  idir 
ann  nach  leugli  canain  bblasdmbor 
Fbinn  a's  Oisein  's  ann  le  atbadb,  as 
rutbadh  nàire  'na  agbaidb  a  db-aidicb- 
eas  se  e.  Db'  aindeoin  gacb  àite  's  an 
robb  mi  cba  do  tbacbair  mi  ri  boireann- 
aicb  a  bba  ebo  ealanta  air  leugbadb  na 
Gàilig  rÌ3  na  Ban-Bbàideanaicb.  Tba 
iad  cbo  eòlacb  air  A'  Chuairtear  's  a 
tba  iad  air  abbaiun  Spe ;  agus  's  i  mo 
bbeacbd  gu'm  faigb  An  Gaidheal 
deadh  aoigbeacbd  'na  measg.  Ach  tba 
mi  'n  deigh  cus  a  sgriobbadh  mar  tba, 
agus  ged  bii  mbiannach  leam  mòran  a 
cbantuiun  fatbast,  's  èigin  domb  sgur; 
agus  tba  mi  'n  dòcbas  gun  cur  sibh  see 
's  a'  chiad  Ghaidheal,  oir 

'•Cha-n-eil  mise  'giunseadli  blireng; 

Tha  mi  fior  's  n  a  h  uile  cnr; 

Cha-n-eil  mearachd  'na  mo  sgiala ; 

Tha  gach  smiach  a  thuirt  mi  ceart, 
'S  i  'n  f  hirinn  i,  ho  ill  ii  o, 
'G  a  h-innseadh  dhuibh  hii  ill  ò; 
'S  co-dhunaidh  mi  ho  ill  ù  o, 
Le  diirachd  dhuibh  hù  ill  o." 

CUAIRTEAE. 


CALLUM  A'  GHLINNE. 
Earran  III. 

Air  do  Challum  an  sgoil  fhagail,  cbaiclh 

i  'fhasdadh  ri  'sheau'air  car  leth-bbliadbna 

\  gu  bbl  'buacbailleacbd  spreidhe  ann  am 

t  braighe  a'  ghliniie.       Bha  a   shean'air 

•  'n  a  dhaiue  coinbarraicbte  'na  latha  agus 

'  'n  a  inbhe  feui.     Cha  b'aithae  dha  riamh 

;  leugbadli    no   sgriobliadli     ach   bha    e 

'■  anabarrach  geur,   soilleir   'n  a  thuigse 

■  agus  'n  a  bhreithneachadh.     Bha  e  'n  a 

'  fhear-gnothuichtapuidh,  sgilear,  curarn- 

aeh,  oiiorach.     Ann  an  reic  agus  ceanu- 

ach     theii'te     guu     robh    e     daoauan 

fortanach;  ach  cha  robh  ni  air  bith  de 

[  dhiombaireachd  no  de  thuiteamas  'n  a 


fhortan,  ach  a  tbàlantan  nàdurra  fheia 
a  bhi  gu  bunailteach  air  an  cleachdadh 
agus  air  an  riagbladh  le  onoir,  le  cùram, 
agus  le  adhartachd.  Tha  e  duiUch  a 
ràdh,  cia  mar  a  ràinig  e  air  na  bh'  aige 
de  "speur-eolas" — cia  mar  a  b'aithne  dha 
ti'àitbean  na  gealaiche  o  mhlos  gu  raios, 
5gus  a  bhuaidh  a  bha  aig  am  tighiun  a 
staigh  agus  aig  dol  a  mach  nan  ceith- 
reamhau  air  an  t-side  agus  air  na 
siontan.  B'  iad  cùrsa  na  greine  's  an 
latha,  agus  nan  rionuag  'san  oidhche,  a 
b'  uaireadair  dha.  Chomharraicheadh 
e  mach  àireamh  nach  bu  bheag  de  na 
rionnagaibh  suidhichte  agus  de  na 
rionngaibh  gluasadach,  agus  an  cuairt- 
shiubhal  fa  leth  troimh  chopan  na  h- 
iarmailt.  Bha  barrachd  creideis  aig  a 
luchd  eòlais  'na  fbaisneachd-side  na'bh' 
aca  anu  am  "Miosachan  Bhaile  cliath." 
Le  bhi  'toirt  geur  aire  do  an  t-side  re 
da  la  dheug  na  Nollaige — 'se  sin  dusan 
latha  roimh  latha  Nollaig — dh'innseadh  e 
ciod  an  gne  side  a  bhiodh  a  buadhachadh 
re  gach  mlos  de'n  ath  bhliadhna — oir  na 
'tn  biodha  cheiid  latha  de'n  dà-là-dheug 
stoirmeil  no  air  chaochladh,  bhiodh  a 
cheud  mhios  de'n  bhliadhna  mar  siu  mar 
an  ceudna;  agus  mar  siu  air  adhart  o 
mhios  gu  raios.  Air  au  oidhche  mu 
dheireadh  de'n  bhliadhna,  le  bhi  toirc 
fainear  an  airde  o  'm  biodh  a'  ghaoth  a' 
seideadh,  dh'  innseadh  e  ciod  an  gne 
toraidh  no  tacar  airson  am  biodh  an  ath 
bhliadhna  comharraichte,  agus  ciod  a 
bu  bhinthas  do  'n  bhliadhna  anns  a' 
choitehionn,  agus,  sin  a  reir  na  seana 
riaghailt  a  leanas: — 

Gaoth  o'n  deas,  teas  a's  toradh; 
Gaoth  o'n  iir,  iasg  a's  bainiie; 
Gaoth  o'n  ear,  meas  air  chra  maibh; 
Gaoth  o'n  tuath,  fuachd  a's  feaauadh. 

Bha  aige  mar  an  ceudna,  air  a  mheogh- 
air,  aireamh  do-chreidsinn  de  shean- 
fhocail  thaghta  anns  an  robh  moran  de 
ghliocas  agus  de  fbeallsanachd  ro 
fhallain  air  am  filleadh  a  staigh.  Bhiodh 
e  gu  trie  'gan  aithris  do  Challum,  mar 
chaitheamh  aimsir  ann  's  na  feasgair — 


233 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


CeuJ  Miosa'  Gheamhraidh,  1S72. 


agus  a'  cur  dencbainn  air  a  tlmigse  agus 
air  a  bhreithneachadh  le  blii  a  cur 
clieisdean  ris,  a  tbaobh  nam  firiunean 
air  ail  robh  iad  a'  cur  soluis.  Fuodaidli 
ar  lucbd  leugbaidb  a  tbuigsiiui  o'u 
eiseimpleir  a  Icanas,  an  deagb  oileineacb- 
adb  a  bba  Galium  a'  faotainu  o'  sbean'air 
aig  an  am  ud.  "A  laocbain,  ciod  a 
sbaoileas  tu  a  bba  an  duine  glic  o  sbean 
a'  ciallacbadb  leis  a'  cbombairle  a  tbng 
e  d'a  mbac  air  dba  'blii  togail  air  a  db' 
iarruidb  ceile — 'A  mbic  mo  cbuim!  ciod 
airbitb  a  db'eireas  dbuit,feucb  gum  faigb 
thu  d'eun,  Ti  neid  gblain;  seicbainnCeulag 
'us  Cinneadag  agus  lolacb-an-coill'." 
An  ùite  'bbi  freagairt  nan  ceisdean,  'se 
bu  rogbuaiobe  le  Galium  a  bbi  'na  tbosd, 
gu  bbi  toirt  cotbrom  do  'n  cbeisdear  e- 
fein  a  bbi  'ga  mineachadb,  ui  a  dbeauadb 
e  air  an  doigb  so — "Eun  a,  neid  gblain" 
— faodaidb  an  t-cun  a  blii  glau,  ged  robb 
an  nead  salacb, — faodaidb  nigbcan 
mbaith  tigbinn  o  dbrocli  mbatbair,  agus 
mac  ouoracli  dcagb-bbeusacb  o  atbair 
bradacb,  breugacb;  acli  ged  a  db' 
fhaodas,  leauaidb  mìcbliù  nam  parantan 
air  a'  cbloiuu  cbo  math  ri  an  aiiigidb- 
eacbd.  Soacbainn  "Geolag."  Ma  cbi 
tbusa  te  a  bbios  a  sior-sbeinn  o  mhocb 
gu  anmocb,  acb  'fbad  'sa  bbios  i  'na 
cadal,  gabb  sin  mar  cbombarradb  air 
eancliain  fbalamb — air  iutinn  eu-domb- 
ain, — agus  air  lamban  iieo-adbartacb. 
"Ginneadag" — sin  agad  te  a  bbios  an 
cimbnuidb  a'  deanamb  uaill  as  a  dàimb 
ri  uuislean  ard-inbbeacb  natire — ma-db' 
fbaodte  vis  an  "uaisle  bhocbd  gun  cbas 
gun  lamb"  nacb  cuir  salann  air  a'  cbal  dbi 
fbcin  no  do  mbuinutir  eilc.  "lolacb-an- 
coill" — sin  agad  to  a  cbluinnear  far  nacb 
faicear  i,  agus  do  nacb  comas  a  locbdan 
fein  no  faillinean  muiuntir  eile  a  cbletb, 
ciod  air  bitb  a  tbig  'n  a  lorg — te  aig  am 
bi  acbeud  fbacail  'samfacalmudbeireadb 
de  'n  cbonaltradb  aims  gacb  aite  an 
suidb  no  'n  seas  i. — Mar  so  bba  Galium 
air  dheagb  oileineacbadb  gacb  feasgar 
ann  an  gliocas  agus  ann  am  feallsanacbd 
nan  seanacbaidbean;oir  cba'neil  teagamli 
nacb  ann  a  uuas  uatbasan  troi  bbeul- 


aitbris  nan  ginealacb  a  tbainig  a  cbuid 
'bu  mho  agus  a  b'  fbearr  de  na  seau- 
fbocailgbeur,shoilleir,bbrigbmhor,  abba 
cbo  pailt  'am  nieasg  nan  seann  Ghaidh- 
eal;  agus  cba'n  eil  c  idir  coltach,  gum  be 
daoiue  aiueolach  ueo-fhogluimte  a  b' 
ughdairean  dboibh.  Ni  mo  am  bheil  e 
coltach,  gu'm  faigbeadb  daoine  aiueolach 
aitbne  air  a'  bbuaidh  a  tba  aig  fas  agus 
earradbubh  na  gealaich  air  fiodb,  air 
luighibh  agus  air  ainmbidbibh  ana 
an  amaibb  araid  de  'n  bliadbna — gu'm 
bheil  am  fiodb  a  chinneas  air  an 
duatbair  ni's  cruaidbe  agus  ni's  fallaine 
na  'm  fiodb  de  n  t-seorsa  cheudna  a 
cbiuneas  air  an  deisear,  agus  mar  an 
ceudua  gu'm  mair  agus  gu'n  seas  am 
fiodb  a  ghearrar  bharr  a  bhuinn  's  aa 
earradbubh  ni's  fearr  na  'm  fiodb  a 
ghearrar  's  an  fbàs — agus  ioma  ui  eile 
a  tba  ach  beag  a'  dearbhadh  gu'n  robh 
uair  eigin  'am  measg  nan  seann  Ghaidh- 
eal,  daoine  araid  aig  an  robh  ard-eolas 
air  diomhaircachd  laghanna  Naduir, 
Eadar  teagasg  agus  conaltradh  a 
sbean'air  agus  tosdachd  chiauail  naa 
raou  air  an  robh  Galium  a'  cur  seachad 
nan  laithean  fada  grianach  'n  a  aonar, 
far  an  robb  cotbrom  aig  'iuntin  rannsach- 
ail  a  bbi  'breitluieacbadb  air  oirdbearcas 
iongantach  ioma-gbneitbeach  obair 
Naduir,  thill  e  dhachaidh  aig  ceann|*-i 
na  leth-bhliadhna  a'  saoilsinn  gu'n  roblt'i 
barracbd  de  fhior  fbogblum  air  a  chos-.- 
nadh  leis  re  na  h-uiue  ud,  na'choisinn  e 
re  an  iomlan  de  'n  uine  a  bba  e  fo  oid- 
eachas  Eacbaiun  sgoileir  ann  an  sgoil 
na  sgireachd,  agus  le  dian  iarrtaa 
dealasach  an  deigh  air  fogblura  nach  d' 
fbairi(;h  e  riamb  roimbe.  Thuit  e  'nis. 
ann  an  gaol  air  foghlum  agus  air  fiosrach- 
adh  a  bba  gu  mor  ni  bu  teotha  agus  a 
bu  mbaireannaiehe  na  'n  gaol  a  thug  c  do 
'n  bban-cheaird;  ach  b'i  a  cheisd  cia  mar 
a  gheibbeadh  e  ruigheacbd  air,  oir  fbuair 
e  cbeana  na  b'  urrainn  Eachan  sgoileir 
a  theagasg  dba.  llùnaich  'athair  a  char  ■ 
do  ard-sgoil  ann  'sa'  bhaile-mhargaidh  à 
b'  fbaisge;  ach  cha  robh  e  'san  dan  gun 
tachradb  e.     'Nuair  a  bba  Galium  ma 


Ceud  Mios  a'  Gheamhraidh,  1872. 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


233 


clieitliir  bliadhna  deug  a  dli'  aois,  |  cho  riomhach  loiimeil  ri  ban-tighearna, 
leagadh  sios  athair  le  tinneas  o  nach  d'  j  le  a  boineidean  iteach  ribineach,  le 
cirich  e,  agus  cha  b'  fhada  gus  an  robh  |  'deiseaclian  sioda,  le  a  botainnean  tana 
a  mhathair  'n  a  bantraicli — ni  a  thug  I  bioroch  laiunireaoli  ard-shaileach,  agus, 
caocMadhaii'suidlieacbadasusaircrann-  na 'm  faodte  a  mathair  a  chreidsina°  le 


chur  an  teaghlaich.  Smuaioich  Callum 
iia'ra  biodh  e  'n  a  fhear  ceairde,  gu'm 
faodadh  e  ri  h-uine,  le  dichioll,  le  ciiram 
agus  le  adhartachd  ruigheachd  aig  a 
chuid  'bu  lugha,  air  tomhas  de'n  ard- 
fhoghlum  air  an  robh  e  an  geall  cho 
mor.  Bu  trie  a  chuala  e  iomvadh  air 
òganaich  ghleusda,  dheanadach,  de  a 
luchd  duthcha  a  dh'  oileinich  iad  fein  le 
toradh  an  cosnaidh  anus  a'  Glialldachd, 
gu  bhi  'n  am  ministeirean  agus  na  'n 
lighichean;  cha  robh  mor  thlachd  aige 
'san  am  ud  de  aon  seach  aon  de  na 
gairmibh  ud;  cha  tugadh  e  moran  air  na 
dreuchdan  ud  fa  leth,  na  'u  coisueadh  e 
an   t-ard-fhoorhlum  a  bha   feumail   gu 


dorlach  de  'n  or  'na  sporan  a  bharr'  air 
na  bha  mu'  muineal  agus  'na  cluasibh 
dheth.  An  deigh  do  Ruairidh  Eoghain 
an  tàilleireachd  ionnsachadh  o  'athair, 
thug  e  Glaschu  air;  aig  ceanu  bliadhna 
no  dha,  thug  e  cuairt  air  ais  a  dh' 
fhaicinn  a  chairdean,  le  a  dheiseachan 
briagha  dethaghadh  nan  cloSasunnach, 
le'bhata  cuilc  agus  ceann  airgid  air  'n  a 
laimh,  agus  sgailean  sioda  fo  'achlais,  le 
uaireadair  airgid  air  slabhruidh  òir,  le 
'fhaineachaibh  agus  le  'sheudaibh 
cosdail— CO  a  theireadh  nach  be  latha  an 
àigh  dhasan,  an  latha  a  dh'  fhag  e  a 
dhuthaich.  Rinn  cuairt  Ruairidh  a 
'eithid  de  fharum  'san  sa;ireachd  'sgun 


bhi  'ga  uidheamachadh  air  an  son;  bha  |  robh  Donncha  nan  oran  air  a  o-hluasad 


barrachd  deigh  aig  air  f  oghlum  air  a  sgàth 
fheiu  na  air  a  bhuanachd  a  dh'fhaodadh 
tighinn  'n  a  lorg.  Mar  mheadhoin  fa 
chomhair  na  criche  a  chuir  e  ri  a  shuil, 
cheangail  se  e-fein  mar  fhoghlumach  ri 
fear  ceairde  ann  an  clachan  na  sgir- 
eachd.  Leag  e  inntiun  gu  dùrachdach 
air  a  cheard,  re  na  h-uine  'bha  aige  ri 
sheirbhiseachadh ;  aig  an  am  cheudna, 
bha  e  'togail  foghhuu  litireachail  mar 
a  b'  fhearr  a  dh'  fhaodadh  e  le  leughadh 
agus  le  meorachadh.  'Nuair  a  thainig 
a  mhuinntireas  gu  crich,  ged  'bu 
chruaidh  leis  a  mhathair  agus  a  dhuth- 
aich fhagail,  bha  e  gu  mor  air  a  thaladh 
ris  a'  Ghalldachd.  Mu'n  am  ud,  bha  i 
'n  a  barail  chumanta  anns  an  sgireachd 
nach  robh  fear  no  te  a  rachadh  do 
Ghlaschu  airsou  cosnaidh,  nach  faod- 
adh, na  'm  biodh  iad  cùramach, 
fortan  a  dheanamh  ann  am  beagan 
bhhadhnachan.  Dh'  fhag  Mairi  A.lasd- 
air  an  duthaich  'n  a  caileig  luideich, 
shlaodaich,  neosgiobalta  le  brogan  èille 
^sle  gùn  drògaid  agus  a  fait  mu  'cluasan, 
'us  gun  smiJ  'bheurla  'n  a  ceann;  cha 
robh  i  ach  mu  leth  dusan  bliadhna  anns 
a'  Ghalldach  'n  uair  a  thill  i  dhachaidh 


gu  bhi  luaidh  a  chliu  ann  an  ranntachd 
dheth  nach  eil  air  ar  cuimhne  aig  an 
am  ach  an  rann  a  leanas — 

"  Ged  a  chaidh  do  phàrantan, 
Arach  air  an  Leth'r  Mhuileach, 
Cha  'n  ith  thu  buutàta, 
Cha  'n  aill  leat  ach  aran  cruinneachd." 
Cho  luath  'sa_  dh'  fhag  Domh- 
nuU,  mac  Lachaiun  an  Tuira,  an 
sgoil,  chaidh  e  do  Ghlaschu.  Bha  e 
'ua  dheagh  sgoileir,  a's  fhuair  e  a  bhi  'n 
a  ghille-biithaiuu^agusocheum  gu  ceum 
chuir  e  suas  buth  mhor  eireachdail  air 
a  laimh  fhein.  Ri  h-uine,  cliaidh  a 
mhathair  g'a  fhaicinn.  An  deigh  dhi 
tilleadh  dhachaidh,  co  a  thainig  'san 
rathad  ach  "Cailleach  nan  uibhean," 
gu  bhi  'faotainn  naigheachdan  Ghlas- 
chu. Aig  deireadh  a  chonaltraidh,  dh' 
fheòraich  i  cia  mar  a  bha  Domhnull — 
^"Is  cinnteach"  ars'  ise,  ''gum  bheil  e 
'nis  'ua  dhuine  mor,  beartach."  "Tha 
gun  teagamh,"  arsa  'mhathair, — "tha 
pailteas  agus  urram  aige — chan  eil  fios 
agam  an  creid  thu  mi,  ach  tha 
Domhnull  'u  a  Sheanaileir f  "A 
Sheonaid!  a  Sheonaid!  tog  dheth  do 
bhòilich,  CO  a  chreideadh  e?"    "  Mata 


234 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


Ceud  Mios  a'Gheamhraidb,  1872 


mur  creid  thu  mise;  an  atli  uair  atheid 
tbu  fein  do  Ghlaschu,  rach  a  sios  Marg- 
adh  an  t-sallain  agus  chi  thu  'ainm 
agus  a  shloiniieadli  aim  an  litricbibb 
òir  OS  ceanu  arddborus  a  bbutb — 
*^  Donald  MacKinnon  General  Grocer' 
— Tba  Donibnull  na  Sheanaileirii.\x  na 
Grocairean  cbo  cinnteacb  'sa  tba  mise 
'ga  innseadb  dbuit," 

{Hi  leant uiim.) 

MuiLEACII. 


NA  SITHICHEAN. 
Re  raòran  ùine,  blia'n  amaideacbd  a 
b'  fbaoine  air  a  creidsinn,  feadb  Gall- 
dacbd  agus  Gaidbealtacbd,  mu  tbim- 
cbioU  nan  daoine  Sitbe.  Do  rèir  na  b- 
eacbdraidb  tbainig  a  nuas  d'ar  n-ionn 
suidb,  anns  na  sgeulacbdaibb  spleadb- 
ach  a  bba  air  an  aitbris  umpa  air  feadb 
na  diitbcba,  bba  iad  nan  creutairibb 
neo-sbaogbalta,  guanacb,  eutrom,  do- 
leirsinn  do  sbuilibb  dbaoine,  acb  'n  uair 
bu  toil  leo  feiu  e,  a'  sior  gbluasad  air  an 
ais  agus  air  an  aghaidb,  a  làthair  anns 
gach  cuideacbd,  agus  a  macb  air  gacb 
cò'-dbaiL  Bba  aca  so,  ma  b'fbior,  an 
còmbnuidb  ann  an  uambaibb  fada  fo 
tbalamb,  ann  an  uaigneas  gbleann, 
agus  fo  gacb  tolman  uaiue.  Cbuireadb 
as  an  leitb,  gu'n  robb  iad  a'  sealbb- 
achadb  àrd-sbubbacbas'nan  tallacbaibb 
riombach  fo  tbalamb ;  gu'n  robb  aca 
cuirm  sbuilbbearra  air  àmaibb  àraidb, 
le  ceòl  bu  bbinne  na  aon  ni  cbualas  air 
tbalamb;  agus  gun  robb  am  maigb- 
deanan  ni  b  aillidb'  na  uile  òigbean  an 
t-saogbail  so,  iad  do  gbnàtb  ri  aigbear 
agus  ri  dannsa,  gun  sgios  gun  airsneul; 
acb  'na  dbèigb  so  gu  leir,  gu'n  robb 
sior-f  barmad  aca  ri  muinntiraut  saogb- 
ail  so:  a  b-uile  togradb  aca  gu  brigb 
gacb  sòlais  a  dbeotbal  uatba,  agus 
domblas  a  tbilgeadb  anns  gacb  deocb  a 
bu  mbilse.  Anns  na  linnibb  dorcba 
cbaidli  seacbad,  bba  gacb  bàs  obann, 
gacb  sgiorradb,  agus  dosguinn,  air  a 
cbur  as  an  leitb;  goid  naoidbeana,  agus 
guàtbacbadb  ioma^  druidbeacbd,  nacb 


fiacb  aitbris.  Mar  bba  anns  gach 
dùtbaicb  san  am  sin  daoine  cuilbbeart- 
acb  seòlta,  abba  mealladb  na  muinntir 
sbocbaracb  le  'n  gisreagaibb  faoine, 
'sann,  ma  b'  fbior,  o'n  leannanaibh 
sitb  a  tbarmaicb  iad  an  t-eòlas  a  bha 
iad  a'  gabbail  os  làimb  a  bbi  aca. 

Ged  a  cbaidb  an  saobb-cbràbbadh 
so,  agus  iomadb  amaideacbd  eile  de'n  t- 
seòrsa  so  air  cbiil,  ann  an  tombas  mòr 
feadb  na  Gaidbealtacbd,  agus  ged  a  tba 
'n  t-iarmad  dena  tbalàtbair  a'teicbeadh 
roimb  gbatban  dealracb  an  t-Soisgeil, 
mar  a  sgaoileas  ceo  na  b-oidbcbe  roimh 
èirigb  na  grèine,  is  iomcbuidb  an  ni, 
gu'm  biodb  fios  aig  daoinibb  ciounus  a 
thòisicb  an  fbaoineacbd  amaideacb  sin. 
Cbitbear  so  ann  an  eacbdraidb  na 
dtitlicba. 

0  cbionn  da-cbeud-deug  bliadbna 
agus  còrr,  cbaidb  creidimh  nan  Druidh 
a  tbilgeadb  gu  tur  bun  os  ceann,  Bha 
geur-leanmbuinn  gbuineacbaira  dhean- 
amb  orrasau  a  gbnàtbaicb  e.  Bba  iad 
air  am  fògradb  o  ionadaibb  còmbnuidh 
dbaoine;  agus  air  an  co-èigneacbadh 
gu  tèaruinteachd  iarraidh  ann  an  gliun 
uaigneach,  agus  ann  an  uambaibb 
ùdluidli  nan  creag,  far  am  faigheadh 
iad  an  creidimh  a  gbnàtbachadh,  gu 
foigbidneach  ann  an  dòcbas  gu'm  faigh- 
eadh iad  saorsa  uair  no  uair-eigin 
o'n  cbruaidb-chàs  o'n  robb  iad  a'fulang. 
Bba  na  Locblannaicb  'san  am  sin,  ag 
aideacbadli  creidimh  nan  Druidh,  agus 
fhuair  mòran  de  na  cbaidb  fbògradbas 
an  dtitbaicb  so  dion  agus  fasgadli  uatba. 
Blirosuuich  iad  so  na  Locblannaicb  gu 
diridli  as  an  leitb;  agus  tba  eachdraidh 
na  diitbcba  'g  innseadb  dhuinn,  gur 
iomad  oidbeirp  a  thug  iad,  linn  an 
ddigh  linn,  aicbeambail  a  tboirt  a  mach 
as  an  leitb.  'S  ann  'n  an  aobbar-san  a 
thàinig  iad  'n  an  cabbluicbibh  a  tboirt 
sgrios  le  teine  agusclaidheamli  air  gach 
àite  'san  robb  eaglaisean  an  t-Soisgeil 
no  tigbean  JMbanacbair  an  suidbeach- 
adh.  Fad  na  linn  sin,  bha  mòran  de 
na  sagartaibb  Druidhneacb  san  tir  so, 
aig  an  robb  còmhnuidh,  mar  chaidh  a 


Caud  JIlos  a'  Ghsimbrai  Jb, 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


235 


ràdh,  anas  gach  doire,  agus  anas  gach 
fàsach  uaigiieach.  Chum  aa  àireamh  a 
chumail  saas  bu  ghnàth  leò  mnathan 
agus  claim  a  ghoid  air  falbh,  agas  gach 
cothrom  a  bha  'a  an  comas  a  ghabhail, 
chum  an  uireasbhuidh  a  dheanarah 
suas  mar  a  b'  fhèarr  a  dh'fheudadh  lad. 
Bha  iad  innleachdach,  seòlta,  am  feadh 
'sa  bha  muiantir  na  dùthcha  aiueolach, 
dall ;  thug  iad,  mar  so,  air  an  t-sìuagh 
achreidsiun  gu'nrobh  aca  fiosrachadh  os 
ceann  naduir;  agus  o'n  am  sin,  thòisich 
eachdraidh  nan  daoine  sith.  So  ainm 
a  bhuineadh  gu  h-àraidh  do  shagartaibh 
nanDruidh.  B'e'ngnothuch-sanreachd- 
an  a  shocrachadh,  agus  sith  na  diith- 
cha  a  churaail  suas.  Chiim  iad  am 
moid  air  tulachaibh  uaine,  air  ciiirn 
Hatha,  agus  air  beanntaibh  arda;  agas, 
an  lorg  so,  tha  mòran  de  na  h-àitibh 
air  an  ainmeachadh  gus  an  là'u  diugh, 
Dìm-sìth,  Carn-sith,  Sith-bhruth,  agus 
iomad  ainm  eile  de'n  t-seòrsa  sin. 

An  dèigh  do  na  Druidhibh  so  bhi  air 
an  cur  fodha,  smuainich  daoin'  aineol- 
ach,  0  'n  eagal  a  bh'  aca  rompa,  gu  'n 
robh  iad  fathast  air  mhodh  neò-shaogh- 
alta  a  chòmhnuidh's  nah-ionadaibh  sin. 
A  thaobh  na  cumhachd  a  bh'  air  a  chur 
as  leth  nan  daoine  sith,  bhae  air  'ain- 
meachadh, druidheachd  a'  dearbhadh 
dhuinn  gur  ann  mar  chaidh  a  rcàdh 
a  thòisich  an  eachdraidh  amaideach  sin 
Tha  e  gu  h-àraid  air  innseadh  mu"n 
timchioll,  gu'n  robh  amanna  sònruichte 
ann,  anas  nach  robh  e  sona  teachd  an 
gar  d'an  sith-bhruth,  gu  h-ai'aid  air 
oidhche  Shamhnadh  agus  Bhealltuinn. 
'S  ana  gua  teagamh  o  chleachdadh  nan 
Druidh  a  thàiuig  so  a  nuas;  oir  b'  iad 
so  an  da  chuirm  mhòr  aca-san:  agus  is 
diigh  dhuinn  a  smuaineachadh,  gun 
oidheirpiclieadh  iad  daoin'  a  chumail 
air  falbh  an  am  nan  cò-dhailean  sin, 
fhad  'sa  bha  iad  feiu  a'  cleachdadh  nau 
deas-ghnath  sin.  Agus  o  nach  b'urr- 
ainn  doibh  sin  a  dheaaamh  as  eugmhais 
teine  's  e  so  a  thug  a  nuas  a'  bharail  gu 
bheilteiner'afhaicinnairnasibh-bhruth- 
aibh  sin,  air  co-aium  nan  am  sin.  Mar  so 


chithear  cionus  a  thòisich  eachdraidh 
nan  daoine  sith,  d'an  robh  cho  liuthad 
aoa  a'  toirt  creideas,  gus  o  chionn 
ghoirid,  ann  an  iomad  cearna  de  'n 
rioghachd. — Leabhar  nan  Cnoc. 


TALADH  NA  BEAN  SHITH. 
Tha  e  air  aithris  o  cheann  ioraadh  linn 
air  ais  gun  d'  thàinig  a'  bhean  shith  am 
beul  an  anmoich  gu  Lùchairt.  Mhic  Leòid 
Dhunbheagiin,  's  an  Eilein  Sgiathanach, 
agus  gu'n  gh  ibh  i  staigb  troimh  gach  dorus 
agus  seòmar  gus  an  d'  ràinig  i  an  t-ionad 
's  an  robh  an  t-oighre  'n  a  chadal,  's  e  'n  a 
naoidhean  òg.  Thog  1  air  a  glùn  e  's  sheina 
i  le  guth  binn  leadarra  an  tàladh  neo-chum! 
anta  'leanas ;  an  sin  chàraich  i  an  leannbh 
anns  a'  chreathail  far  an  d'  f  huair  i  e,  agus 
le  'h-earrudh  fada  uaine  'sle  'haogasg  neo- 
sh'ioghaltH,  gun  fhocal  a  'beul,  no  sealladh 
o  'sùil,  thog  i  raach  ris  an  aonach  a  ghabh- 
ail a  h-àite  'an  talla  a'  chiùil  agus  nnm  fleadh 
am  measg  luchd  àiteachaidh  nan  cnoc. 

'S  e  mo  lennabh  mingileiseach,  maingileÌ3- 

exch, 
Bualadh  nan  ench,  glac  nan  li;ireach, 
N;in  e  ich  criiidheach  's  nan  each  snagach, 
Mo  leanabh  beag, 

'S  truigh  nach  faicinn  fein  do  bhuaile 
Gu  h;\rd  àrd  air  uachdar  sleibhe,^ 
Còta  caol  caiie  inach  uaine, 
Mu  d'  dhà  ghuallainn  ghil^a's  leine, 
Mo  le.mabh  beag. 

'S  truagh  nach  friicinn  fein  do  sheisreich, 
Fir  na  de  idh  mna-caoimhneil  a'  tighinaj 

dachaidh, 
'S  na  catanaich  a'  cur  sil. 

0  mliile  bhog,  o  mhile  bhog,', 
Mo  bhrii  a  rug,  mo  cliioch  a_shluig, 
Mo  ghliin  a  thog. 

M'  ultach  iudhair,  sultmhor,  rcamhar, 
Ml)  luachair  bhog, 

M'  f  heòil  a's  m'  uidhean,  a  ni  bruidhinn, 
Bha  thu  fo  mo  chrios  an  uiridh,  lus  an  tor- 

aidh, 
Bidh  tu  'm  bliadhna  gu  geal  guanach 
Air  mo  ghuallainn  feadh  a'  bhaile,    ^ 
Mo  leanabh  beag. 

0  bhireinn  o  bhò.  na  cluinneam  do  leòn,"  ,' 
0  bhireinn  o  bhò,  gu'm  bioraioh  do  shròn, ' 
0  bhireinn  o  bhò,  gu'n  liath  thu  air  choir.  ' 


236 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


Ceud  Mios  a'  Gheamhraidh,  IS 


0  bhiveinu  o  bhinn  tlui,  clia  'n  ami  a 

Chlanu  Choiunich  thn, 
O  bliireiun  o  bhinn  tlm,  cha'n  ana  a 

Chlann  Chiiinn  thu, 
0  bhircinn  o  bhinn  thu,  siol  a's  dòch'  linn 

Ihn,— 
Siol  nan  Leòdach  nan  lann  'snan  luircach,- 
B'e  Lochlainn  cUithchas  do  shinnsir. 

N.  M'L. 

Dun-eidin,  7 

Deireadh  an  Fhoghair,  1872.) 


DOCTUIR  CEITIN 

CeCENIT  AG  CUU  SlAN  chum  NA  llElREAXX, 
AGUS  E  SA  IlBuEATAINN. 

Beannachd  leat  a  sgribhinu 
Gu  Innis  aoibhinn  Ealga. 
Truagh  nach  leur  dhomh  a  bcanna, 
Le  gnàth  a  teanga  dcavga. 
Slàn  da  h-uaislean  is  da  h-oireaelid, 
Slàn  go  roibheachd  da  clearcuibli ; 
Slàn  da  banntrachduibh  caoine, 
Slàn  da  saoithibli  le  h-eigse. 
Slàn  da  maghaibh  mine, 
Slàn  fa  mhile  da  cnociibh ; 
Mo  chcan  do  n  te  ata  innte. 
Slàn  da  linntibli  "s  da  lochaibh. 
SLlu  da  coilltibh  fa  thorthuibb, 
Slim  da  cortbiiibh  iasgaidh ; 
Slàn  da  mùiutilih  's  da  banntaibb, 
Slùn  da  rathuibh  's  da  riasgaidh. 
Slim  om'  chroidhe  da  cranntaibh, 
Slàn  fòs  da  tuarthaibh  troma. 
Soniidh  da  tnlchiiibh  aonaiche ; 
Slàn  uaim  da  craobhaibh  croma. 
Ge  gnàth  a  fùirne  fraochcia, 
An  Innis  naomlia  neamhbhochd, 
'S  iar  tair  trom  (?)  chladh  na  dilionn, 
Beir  a  sgribhinn  mo  blieannachd. 

Abrach. 


COMUNN  GAIDHEALACII  LUNNAIN. 
IVSi. 

Uasail  Cheanalta, 
Ma  shaoileas  tii  gu  'm  freagair  sec,  "s  a' 
mhàileid,  's  e  do  Ian  di-beatha  dha.  Cha  "n 
'eil  ann  ach  sgcòd  a  thug  mi,  a  chion  ath- 
arrachaidh,  a  m'  "Bhalg-Tionail."  Na'm 
biodh  annas  agam  gheobhadh  tu  e ;  ach  co- 
dhiù,  "Is  naidhcachd  iu-  do 'n  f hear  nach 
cual  e." — Lean  do  bhuillc — is  math  do 
thriall. 

Air  an  ochdamh  latha  diag  de  Dheireadh 
an  Fhoghair,  1784,  choinnich  an  comunn  sco 
ann  an  Dun-eidin,  an  làthair  mòran  biiain- 


tighearnan  agus  dhaoin'-uaisle,  a  chur 
diachainn  air  bàird  'a  air  piobairean ;  agus  a, 
thoirt  dhuaisean  dhoibhsan  a  b'  fhearr  a 
thoilleadh  iad. 

Chaidh  sia  diag  dc  rogha  nam  piobairean 
a  dh'fhiachainn  a  chèile,  agus  cead  aig 
gach  fear  dhiubh  a  rogha  puirt  a  chluith. 
An  dt-'igh  do  gach  fear  a  chuairt  fhein  a 
chluith,  thugadh  air  fear  an  duigh  fir  dhiubh 
"A'  Ghlas-Mhiar"  a  chluith.  Is  e  seo  ceòU 
mòr  cho  briagha  's  a  tli'  aun,  thathas  am 
beachd.  Chuireadh  niu  choinneamh  nam 
bard  oran-molaidh  a  dheanamh  do  'n  Ghàil- 
ig,  do  'n  Phiob,  agus  do  ii  Deise-Ghàidh- 
ealaich.  Chluith  na  piobairean  's  an  rian  a 
leanas : 

Na  Puirt.  Na  P'K'bairean. 

1.  Moladh-Miiiri— Dòmhnull     lasgair     a 

Braid-Albainn. 

2.  Cumhadh  an  aonMhic— Gilleasbuig  Mac 

Griogair  a  Feartaighill. 

3.  Piobaireachd  Dhomhnuill  Duibh — Iain 

Mac  Griogair  a  Gleann  Liobhunn. 

4.  A'    Ghlas-Mhiar — Iain     Cuimeineach, 

piobaire  Thighearna  Ghrannda. 

5.  Sliabh  an  t  Sierra— Rob  Mac   Aoidh  a 

Dùthaich  Mhic  Aoidh, 

6.  Ceann  na  Drochaide   moire — Iain  Mac 

Griogair  a  Feartaighill. 

7.  Spaidsearachd  Mhic  ISIhic  Ailein—Iain 

(òg)  INIac  Griogair  a  Feartaighill — aon 
bhiiadlma  diag  a  dh-aois ! 

8.  . —  Dòmhnull  Guimhneach,  piobaire 

Shir  Iain,  am  Peighiun-na-cubhaig. 

9.  Fàilt'  a'  Phrionnsa— Aonghus  Ros,  fear 

de  thuathanaich  Mhic  an  Tòisich. 

10.  Cumhadh  an  aon  Mhic — Seumasilunro, 

piobaire  'Chanongate. 

11.  Fàilt'  a'  Mharcuis — Dòmhnull  Mac   a' 

Chanonaich,  a  Paisley. 

12.  Ceann  na  Drochaide  Bige — Dòmhnull 

Ros,  piobaire  Dhiuc  Atholl. 

13.  A  Cholla  mo  ruin— Dijghall  Diighallach 

ii  Latharna. 

14.  Siighan    agus    Lagan — Alastair    Mae 

Laomainn,  piobaire  Mhic  Laomainn. 

15.  Fàilte   Shir   Seumas — Cailean   Mac- an- 

Aba,  piobaire  Mhic-an-Aba. 
10.  Spaidsearachd     ilhic     Mhic     Ailein — 

Donnachadh  Mac  na  Ccàirde  a  Mon- 

tcath. 
An  uair  a  sguir  na  piobairean  thòisich  na 
bàird — Donnachadh  Ban  agus  an  Caimbeul- 
ach.     Sco  mar  a  thuirt  Donnachadh  Ban's  c 
'tòiseachadh: 

Innsidh  ml  sgeul  àraid  duibh, 

Air  Cànain  'us  air  Ceòl. 


Jeud  Mlos  a'  Oheambraidh,  1872. 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


23^ 


Rogla  na  deas  Ghiiidhlig, 
'S  i  's  feàrr  a  dh'  innse  sgeòil ; 
A'  chainnt  a's  lionmhor  pairtean, 
P  'Sa's  oilse  manran  beòil; 

m  Gu  freagrach  deas  ]a'bhrach, 

m  'S  i  àrd  cliuiseach  gu  leòir,  &c. 

?"  An  sin  thug  na  piobairean  an  t-urlar  orra. 
Thaitinn  iad  clio  math  ris  na  h-uaislean 
's  gun  do  chuh-  iad  rotnhpa  duaisean-dannsa 
'thoirt  seachad  aig  an  atli  choinnimh. 

An  am  tòiseachaidli,  chluith  Iain  Mac 
Artair  cuairt  air  a'  phiob,  agus  cuairt  eile 
an  am  sgur.  B'  esan  piobaire  Comunn 
Gàidhealach  Dhùn-eidin,  agus  an  t-aon  mu 
dheireadh  de  dh'  fbòghlumaich  Mhic- 
Chruimein!  B' ann  an  earbsa  ris-san,  agus 
ri  uasal  eile  de  'n  chomimn  chiadna — Dùmhn- 
nil  Dòmhnullach  —  a  bha  riaghhidh  na 
Coinnimh. 

B'  i  'chiad  dhuais  Pìob-mhòr  bhannach, 
airgeadach,  iir,  a  rinneadh  le  fear  de  Chlann- 
Donnachaidh,  agus  da  fhichead  marg. 
Thugadh  an  duais  so,  's  bu  ghcal  an  airidh 
oirre  e,  do  dh'Iain  Mac  Griog.iir  a  Feart- 
aighill.  Dh'  ionnsaicli  e  'phiobaireachd  do 
dhà-fhìchead  Gàidheal;  bha  a  cheathrar 
bhrhithrean 'nam piobairean;  a's  b'e  an  athair 
f  hein  a  b'  oid'-ionnsachaidh  dhaibh  agus  do 
cheithir  fichead  piobaire  'us  deich  a  bharr- 
achd! 

B'e  Dòmhnull  lasgair  a  choisinn  an  dara 
duais — duais-chiiinnidh ;  agus  tluigadh  an 
treas  duais  do  Dhiighall  Dùghallach  a 
Latharna. 

Chruinnicheadh  mòran  airgidaig  an  dorus, 
agus  riaraicheadh  e  air  na  piobairean  eile  a 
phàidheadh  an  costuis  bho'n  taigh  'us 
dhachaidh. 

Abrach. 


'Siubhal  eutrom  gun  bhi  fann, 

Ceum  nach  froiseadh  dealt  'arr  feoirnein, 

Fiunealt'  seolt'  air  urlar  danus'; 

'Athair,  'Mhic,  'sa  Spioraid  Naoiinh! 

An  Co-Dhia  'an  Aon  is  àirde  glòir, 

Beannaich  an  ribhinn  òg  'na  coin 

0  mhullach  'ciun  gu  bonn  a  bròig! 

Beannaich  gach  deadh  bheus  a's  buaidh 

Anns  an  d'  f  huair  i  urram  mòr, 

Bàigheil,  banail,  bandaidh,  ciallach, 

Chridhe  farsuinn,  fialaidh  coir: 

Ann  an  neochioutachd  a  h-òige, 

Ann  am  bòicheadas  a  gnùis, 

'Na  maighdian,  'na  mnaoi-phosd  's  na 

mathair, 
Beannaich  gu  brath  i  'Righ  nan  Did! 
Beannaich  ar  mòr  ghaol  da  cheile, 
Dean  e  seasmliach,  stcidhte,  buan, 
Greas  an  t-àm  's  an  toir  i  lamh  dhomb, 
'San  goir  mi  beau  mo  ghràidh  ri  m'  luaidh. 


BEANNACHADH  LEANNALV, 
Leisan  Urramach  A.  Stiubhairt, 
'Am  Bjx-Lociibar. 
Beannaich  a  Dhia  mo  leannan  gaoil, 
Is  àille  dreach  's  as  eutrom  ceum, 
Beannaich  i  an  tiis  a  h-òige, 
A's  diou  an  òigh  d'an  tug  mi  speisi 
Beannaich  a  da  shuil  dbonu  bhoidheach 
'Hinn  mo  chridhe  'leòn  air  tùs, 
A  cid  dubh,  bachallach,  cuachach, 
Da  chaol  mhala  's  gruaidh  mo  ruiu : 
Beannaich  a  h-uchd  'sa  broilleach  fior-gheal, 
Air  an  àiUe  sioda  's  sròl, 
A  gairdean  reidh  'sa  caol-mheuir  ealamh 
Air  gach  inneal  's  am  bi  ceòl, 
Beannaich  a  culpa  cruiun  "s  a  caol, 


ABHUINN    DU'LAIS. 
Air  Fo:^x  : — "  Coirecheathaich." 
Abhainn  Du'lais  a'  ruith  gu  siiibhlach, 
'S  a'  cur  na  smiiid  d'i  le  buiroidh  garg' 
Lochaiu  dhu-ghorrn  'cur  neart  as  iir  iunt', 
Is  sruthain  iiiseil  'ga  diisg'  am  fearg. 
Le  torman  tiirsach  feadh  ghlac  a's  liiban, 
I  'toii-t  didan  do  dh'uiUte  garbh, 
Feadh  chlach  a's  chiiilteau  a's  chreag  gu 

sùrdail, 
Gun  bhoinne  ciiraim,  'sa  siiil  ri  fairg'. 

Tha  'm  barrach  dii-ghorm  a'  cinntiun  dlii 

dhuit 
'Sa  \jharr  air  liibadh  guciuiii  mu  d'bhruaich, 
A'  toirt  dhuit  umhlachd  is  thu  mar  dhi  dchd 

dha, 
Gach  la  'ga  ùrach'  's  ga  chumail  suas, 
Sruth  a'  durdail  a  staigh  troimh'  'n  uire, 
Gu  bun  nam  fiurivn  'g  an  dusg  o  'n  suaiu, 
Toirt  culaidh  iir  dhoibh  rian  geamhradh 

thoirt  dhiubh, 
A's  fàile  cìibhraiJh  'cur  fàilt  air  'snuadh. 

So  'n  sealladh  eibhinu  ri  latha  greine, 
Faileas  chraobhan  an  gruund  do  liim, 
'Toirt  fàilte  speiseil  le  gràdh  d'a  cheilo 
An  sgàil  's  na  geugan  le  caidreamh  grinn, 
'S  gu'n  saoileadh  ceudan  gun  tiiigs'  gun 

reusan, 

Gur  auns  naspeuraibhbha  steidhambuinn; 
Brie  a'  leum  riu  le  briosgadh  eutrom, 
'San  itinn  geura  a'  reubadh  tuiuu. 

'S  lionmhor  seòrsa  le  mian  bhi  pòsd'  riut, 
Luibh  a's  sòbhrach  gad  choir  's  gach  tom; 


238 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


Ceud  Mlo3  a'  Gheamhraidh,  1872 


Doire  neòineau  mu  d'  bhruaich  'ga  còmh- 

dach, 
Is  cuairteas:  òir  mar  glilòir  'n-i  com. 
Rosg  dluibhiiilt  gu  da'iigean  dlii  orra, 
Bicac-gheal  nrav  'stu  fliir  gach  fonn; 
'S  gach  maduinn  chiiiiiighil  bi  brat  do 'n 

druchd  orra, 
1»  sruthain  chùbhraidh  a'  sùth'  fo  bonu. 

Bi  eòin  an  t'  slcibhe  air  maduinn  cheitein 
'Natl  sroath  air  gheugaibh  a'gleLisarlhteann; 
An  òigridh  g'  eisdeachd  ri  ceòl  an  teudan, 
Ancridh'  a  'leum  atinta  an  deigh  gach  rann, 
Gu  foirmeil  speiseil  le  colg  ag  eiridh, 
'S  am  borbhan  fein  ac'  lo  'n  re  ghuth  fann; 
Claisdeachd   gheur  ac'  's  an   astar  's  loir 

dhaibh, 
Gun  aire  gun  eigin  na  'n  cid  air  chrann. 

Ni  'n  smcòrach  eiridh  gu  barr  'na  gàÌG^o, 
S  an  uiseag  tf'arnaidh  o'n  speur  'n  a  deann, 
Le  'u  caismeachd  cheutach  o  ghrunnd  an 

cli'ibhe, 
Is  athrach  s?enl  aca  'bhog  a's  thall; 
Mactaila  shleibhtean  'toirt  freagradli  gour 

dhoibh, 
A'  ruith  'sa'  leumnaich  o  ghleann  gu  gle  inn 
Be  an  t'  aighear  cibhiiis  a  bhi  'g  an  eisd- 
eachd 
Co-sheirm  le  cheile  's  gun  deud  na'n  ccann. 
Bi  choiil  airghluasid  le  ceòl  neo-thruaillidh, 
Fuiiiin  a'  chanail  bu  luaiiieach  ceaiin, 
Tighinn  deas  a's  tuath  oirn  foadh  eas  a's 

bhruaciian, 
Feadh  phreasa's  uain  chrainn  gun  ghruaim 

gun  |vhreann, 
Gun   smal   gun   smuairean  a'   gearradh 

dhuanag, 
'S  car  mu'n  cuairt  ac'  gun  duais  gun  gheall 
Clia  ti-eabh  's  cha  riimh'r  iad,  cha  chuir 

's  cha  bhuain  iad, 
'S  iad  soithe  imh  suairce  na'n  uaisle  ghrinn, 
Padkuiu  Mac-an-Hothaich. 


Sinaoinich  mi  gu  "n  deanainn  saoir, 
'S  shaoileadh  iad  gu  'm  bithmn  òg. 

Gaol  an  ainnir,  &c. 
Ged  bhiodh  agam  cupal  chiad, 
Crodh  a's  caoirich  air  an  t-sliabh, 
'N  uair  'dh'  fhàsas  an  fhiasag  liath, 
Cha  d'  thoir  ua  h-ionagan  domh  pòg. 

Gaol  an  ainnir,  &c. 

Smaoinich  mi  gu'n  robh  an  t-àm 

Dol  do  'n  choiil,  's  cha  b'  aithreach  leam, 

Spion  mi  meangau  as  a  bonn, 

Blia  fiamh  nan  crann  air  bàrr  gach  raeòir 

Gaol  an  ainnir,  &e. 
Fhuair  mi  thu  le  toil  na  cleir,' 
Toil  do  chàirdean  's  do  thoil  fhoin; 
Is  tliug  mi  gealladh  dhuit  da  rèir, 
Nach  deanainn  eucòir  ort  le  m'  dhcòin. 

Gaol  an  ainuir,  (Ji:c. 

D.  C. 


O  R  A  N. 


Comhairle  'bheirinn  fhin 
Air  gach  buitchealair  's  an  tir 
(i\in  iad  bhi  'tarruing  mòran  tim, 
Mu'n  dean  iad  dimeas  air  a'  phòig. 
Gaol  an  ainnir  a  dli'  fhàs  ciùiii, 
Ribhinn  ghas>!a  nan  ceum  dliith, 
Goug  nam  mnangan  nach  gabh  Hib, 
'S  i  mo  riuisa  mhaighdeaun  òg. 

Thug  mi  grei<5  'am  barail  f  liaoin, 

'An  diiil  nach  laidheadh  ormsa  'ii  aois  ; 


OIDHCHE  AIR  CHEILIDH. 

A  Ghàidheil  Rùuaich, 

Is  taitnench  loam  fhaicinn  o  am  gu  am, 
an  oidheiip  dhiongmholta  tha  thu  a'  toirt 
air  nithibh  Gàidhealach  a  chumall  suas  mar 
bu  choir  dhoibh  a  bhi;  agus  si  m'  ùrnuigh 
gu'm  bidh  ''An  Gaidheal"  fada  beò.  Tha 
liòchas  agam  gu'm  bidh  ùireamh  dheth, 
gach  mios,  air  a  liubhairt  leis  a'  phost  anns 
gach  cecàrn  do  'n  diithaich  's  am  bheil 
Giiiiiheal  a'  chòmlmuidh.  Gun  teagamh, 
cha  bhi  mòran  dhiubh  anns  na  badtibh 
mora,  nach  ceantiaich  e  cho  liiath  is  a  thig 
e  mach.  Tha  mi  'cluiiuitiini  mòraa  'ga 
mholadh'sa'  bhaile  seo  fuin,  agus  is  cinnteach 
mi,  ri  beagan  iiiue,  nach  bi  moran  Gliàidh- 
eal  idir  ann  as  eug'ais.  Gu  fior.  tha  feum 
air  a  leithid  air  son  na  Gàidlieil  a  bhros- 
nachadh  gu  tlachd  a  ghabhail  air  a'  Ghàilig 
iounsachadh;  gnothuch  leis  an  do  leag  iad 
cadal  o  cheann  iomadh  bliadh 


Is  eigm 

dhomh  fcin  aideachadh  nach  b' urraina 
dhomh  idir  a'  Ghàilig  a  loughadh  ro  mhath 
an  uaira  thòisich  "An  GAionEAL"  air  tigh- 
inn a  mach;  ach  thòisich  mi  air  a  raimsach- 
adii  gach  miDS,  agus  theid  agam  a  nis  air  a 
leughadh  gu  tlachdmhor. 

Is  taitiieach  leam  a  nis  innseadh  dhuit 
cuid  de  chracaireachd  a  thachair  nm  ghnoth- 
aicliibh  mar  seo,  aon  oidhche  a  thuit  dhomh 
a  bhi  air  cheilidh  'an  taigh  Gaidheal  cho 
fior  's  a  tha  's  a'  bhaile  mhòr  seo  air  fad.  Ged 
tha'nduine  coir  gu  math  os  ceann  leth- 
cheud  bliadhna  'dh-aois,  is  trie  le  giUeanòga 


Ceud  Mios  a'  Gheamhi'aidh,  1872. 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


239 


bhi  taghal  'n  a  thaigh.  Blia  e  f  ein  a's 
mise,  air  fin  oidhche  seo,  'n  ar  suidhe  aig 
an  uinueig  ag  amharc  a  mach  air  an 
t-sluagh  a'  bha  'dol  a's  a'  tighiim  air  an 
t-sràid.  Bha  sinn  a'  bruidhinn  air  "A' 
Ghaidheal,"  'nuair  a  thàinig  a  steach  do'n 
t-seòmar,  triùir  ghillean  Gàidhealach,  air  an 
robh  sinn  le  cheile  gle  eòlach. 

"Deanaibh  euidlie,"  arsa  fear-an-taigbe. 
"Gun  toagamh,"  ai's'  esan,  (a  leantainn  air 
a  sheanachas  air  dhoibh  suidhe)  "cuiridh 
'An  Gaidheal'  gu  gluasad  sinn  air  fad  a 
chum  tlachd  a  gbabbail  de  'n  Ghàilig,  nach 
robh  againn  oirre  le  cbaochail  esau  aig  an 
robh  gràdh  cbo  mòr  dhi."  "Co  esan  a  tha 
thu  a' ci.illachadh?"  thuirt  mi  fein-  "Co 
ach  'Caraid  nan  Gaidheal,'  ars'  esan 
"Cha'n  eajjal  nach  cuir,"  arsa  Somhairle 
Sgiathanach,  "is  tha  feum  air.  Cha  robh 
a'  Gliàilig  riamh  cho  mòr  air  dichuimhne 
's  a  tha  1  aig  an  am  seo."  "  Is  mòr  mo 
bheachdsa,"  thuirt  Eògban  Mòr,  "gu'm  faic 
sinn  gu'm  bi  i  fathast  air  a  labhairt,  'sair  a 
teagasg,  anns  gach  ait.  Tha  na  daoine  is 
luachmhoire  's  an  rioghachd  a  nis  ag  eiridh 
suaa  air  a  taobh,  a  chum  's  gu  'm  bi  i  air  a 
teagasg  'an  oilleamhaid  Dhun-eidin,  'an 
taighean-sgoile  na  Gàidhealtachd,  's  anns 
"na  bailtean-mòra."'  "Cha  d'thig  an  la  sin 
am  feasd,"  thuirt  Seumas  Ban,  "ged  nach 
biodh  'ga  dibeart  ach  na  Gàidheil  fùin,  le  'u 
spòrsiilachd.  Na  dearg  amadain!  'siadsan 
na  mortairean  is  miosa  ta  aice.  Cha  leag 
an  stràic  leò  aideachadh  gu'n  urrainn  dhoibh 
a  bruidhinn,  is  cinnteach  mi  nach  'eil  a' 
bheurla  aca  ach  gle  shuarach  'an  eisdeachd 
nan  Gall.  Bu  choir  teannghieim  a  dhean- 
amh  air  sgòrnan  gach  aon  de  'n  t-seorsa  seo, 
a's  p  thoirt  orra  mar  thug  an  t-Arranach  air 
a'  bhalach  bheag  a  shluig  an  t-se-sgillinn  " 
"Tha  thu  geur  a  nochd,  a  Sheumais,"  arsa 
Somhairle.  "Chi  mi  gu'm  blieil  an  deise- 
ghoirid  fein  a  nis  co  bitheanta  ri  f  haicinn  air 
pearsa  nan  Gall,  is  a  tha  i  air  druim  a' 
Ghàidheil  a  bu  choir  a  caitheamh,"  "Tha 
na  Gaoill,  da  rire.idh,  air  ionia  dòigh,  a' 
toirt  leasan  dhuinn  'bu  choir  uàire  mhòr  a 
chur  oiinn."  "Ciod  is  ciall  do  ghnothaich- 
ean  a  bhi  mar  sin .?"  thuiit  mi  fein-  "'S  e 
is  ciall  dhoibh,"  arsa  fear-an-taighe,  "di- 
chuimhne a  thàinig  air  na  niaighistirean- 
sgoile  (iaidhealach,  a'  Ghàilig  ionnsachadh 
do  chlanna  na  duthcha,  ri  a  sgriobhadh  a's 
a  leughadh  cho  math  ri  Beurla — di- 
chuimhne a  thàinig  air  a'  chloinn  sin  a  ris, 
'fi  a'  bhaile  mbòr,  an  gnothach  a  charadh, 
le  iad  fein  ionnsachadh  innte  mar  bu  choir 


dhoibh. — di-chuimhnc  air  an  t-sean  fhocal, 
'clanna  nan  Gaidheal  ri  guaillibh  a'  cheile.' 
'Carson'  (lean  an  duine  coir,  le  'aodann  a' 
lasadh  a  suas)  "c'arson  nach 'eil  iad  a' 
cruinneachodh  gach  geamhiadh,  aon  oidh- 
che 'san  t-seachduinn,  agus  iad  iein  a  theag- 
asg  'sa'  Ghàilig  gu  ceart.  Is  iomadh  oidh- 
che cbridheil,  shuundach,  a  dh-fhaodadh  iad 
a  chur  seachad  mar  seo.  Tha  iad  lionmhov 
gu  leòir,  is  cha  bhi  an  costas  mòr  'n  am 
measg."  "Air  m'onaii-,"  arsa  Eòghan  Mòr, 
"'stu  fein  a  tha  'tuigsinn  a'  ghnothuch  gu 
ceart.  Is  trie  a  smaointich  mi  air  a  leithid. 
Ma  sheasas  sinne  gu  dileas  r'a  cheile,  faod- 
aidh  sinn  fathasd  coinneachadh  mar  bhràith- 
rean."  "Tha  thu  ceart,  Eòghainn,  ach 
chuala  mi  seanachas  mar  seo  tuilleadh  a's 
aon  uair  a  nis;  ach  co  againn  a  chuireas  a' 
ui  seo  air  aghart?"  arsa  Seumas  Ban. 
"Cha'n  'eil  e  cho  duilich  r'a  dheanadh  a's 
a  tha  thu  smuaineachadh,  a  Sheumais," 
arsa  fear-an-taighe.  "Tha  e  soilleir  gu'm 
bheil  a  dhi  oirnn  tuilleadh  na  bhi  a'  coinn- 
e-ichadh  aon  uair  's  a'  bhliadhna.  Is  eigia 
dhuinn  gluasad  chum  na  Gàilig  ionnsach- 
adh 'd'a  cheile  anns  a'  cheud  ait.  Sibhse 
tha  hiath,  laidir,  òg,  bithibh  an  greim  gun 
di'iil;  cuiiibh  am  fraoch  r'a  theine  a'  meas 
ar  luchd-duthcha,  a's  chi  sibh,  an  nine 
ghoirid,  gu'm  bi  aig  na  daidheil  anns  gach 
baile  mòr  Taigh-Coinnimh  dhoibh  fein,  le 
leabhar-lann  Gàidhealach  a's  gnothaichean 
mar  sin."  "  Air  mo  shon  fein,"  arsa  Eògh.m 
Mòr,  "tha  mi  deas  air  sou  a  leilhid  a  cbuid- 
eachadh  air  aghart,,  uair  air  bith,  ach  tha 
eagal  orm  nach  gabh  ar  liichd  duthcha  ris 
mar  bu  mhiann  learn  Ciod  e  tha  thu  ag 
radii,  a  Shomhairle?"  "Tha'mise  ag  ràdh" 
arsa  Somhaiile,  "ma  tha  sinn  air  fad  's  an 
aon  bheachd  mu'n  chùis,  gar  coir  dhuinn 
dol  ris  gu  grad,  a's  a  chuir  air  aghart  air 
dùigh  a  bheir  air  gach  gille  Gàidhealach 
toil-inntinn  a  gbabbail  ann.  'N  d'theid  thu 
staigh  le  sin,  a  (Sheumais  Bhain?"  "Theid 
mise  staigh  le  ni  air  bith  de  a  leithid;  a's 
tha  mi  cinnteach  gu'm  bheil  sinn  air  fad 
's  an  aon  bheachd."  "Tha,"  arsa  Fear-an- 
taighe;  "agus  a  ris,  their  mise,  biihibh  an 
greim  gu  tap.iidh,  na  bitheadh  eagal  oirbh 
nach  tiofldaidh  gach  ni  a  mach  gu  reidh 
fàdheòidh." 

Ach  gu  earbull  mo  sgeòil.  Mu'n  do 
dheallaich  sinn,  chuir  gach  aon  roimhe 
buille  a  bhualadh  air  son  cànain  ar  duthcha 
mu'n  rachadh  mòran  ùine  seachad. 

GILLE  DUBH. 

Grian»'g,  9mh  Mlos,  1872. 


240 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


Coud  Mios  a'  Gheamhraidh,  1S72. 


LITIR  A  ONi'AirO. 

Fhir  mo  Chridhe, 

Tha'x  Gaidheal  a'  tighiii  d'am  ionn- 
saidh  aon  uiir  'sa'  luhios,  gun  didl,  tarsuing 
air  a'  chiiau  mhòr.  Fhuair  mi  an  seachd- 
amh  aireamh,  agus  tlia  mi  'am  beaclid  gar 
h-e  is  taitniche  dhc  na  chaidh  a  chlo-bliual- 
adh.  ged  bha  iad  uile  sàr-mhatb. 

Ma  tba  av  lucbd-diitbcha  d'deas,  theid 
An  Gaidheal  air  aghnrt  o  mbios  gu  mios 
gus  am  faighear  e  aig  a  b  uilc  cagailt 
Ghiudbeabnch  aun  an  Canada  iocbdracb  a's 
nacbdracb,  'sanns  na  heileanaibb  coin  dcas 
a's  tuath,  'niar,  'san  ear,  a'  tabhairt  sòlais  a's 
toilinntinn  do  'r  luckd-diitbcba  ann  an  cul- 
chaoilltibb  Chanada,  a's  anns  gach  coarn- 
aidh  cile  dbe  'n  t-saogbal. 

Tba  'n  Gaidheal  a  nis  air  a  sbuidbeacb- 
adh  ann  am  baile  Glilascbu,  far  am  bbeil 
miltean  dbetb  ar  bicbddùtbcba.  ma-an 
diubb  urramacb  na'n  staid,  beartacli  'n  am 
pòca,  agus  fògbluimicbte  anns  na  h-uilo 
gliocas  a's  innleacbd  a  tba  ri'm  f  aotainn  anus 
na  làitbibb  sco.  An  do  cbaill  iad  an  diitb- 
cbas,  no  an  do  leag  iad  air  di-cbuimbne 
cainnt  am  màthraicbean  no  gniombaraibb  an 
sinnsiroan?  Tba  fios  matb  againn  nacb'eil 
a'  cbùis  mar  sin.  Tba  fios  againn  gu'm 
blieil  iomadb  Comunn  GiiidheaLacb  air  a 
st'jidbeadh  anns  a'  bbaile,  air  son  cainnt, 
eacbdraidb,  a's  bardacbd  an  sinnsireau  a 
cbumail  air  cbuimbne.  Nacb  faod  sinn  a 
rt-isd  'bbi  cinntcacb  gu'n  cuir  iad  f  àilt  air 
A'  Ghaidheal. 

Ma  tba  fear-dulbcha  an  Gbiscbu  a  tba  air 
a  tbacbdadb  le  cainnt  an  t-Sasunnaicb  a's 
aig  nacb  'eil  speis  don  cbanain  a  db-iunn- 
saicb  e  o  'mbatbair,  crocbamaid  c  aig  crois 
a'  bliaile,  m;ir  cisciniplear  do  na  b-uile 
bakocb  eile,  cadar  Maoil  Cbinntirc  agus 
taigb  Iain  Gbròt. 

'S  e  mo  rim,  anns  an  btir  gbearr  seo,  cuir- 
eadb  a  tbabbairt  do  mo  lucbd-dutbcba  aig 
an  taigb  a  tbigbinn  gun  dàil  do  Cbanada, 
far  am  bbcil  pailtcas  de  db-fbearann,  cos- 
nadb  aig  na  b-uile  li-àm,  a's  tuarasdail  sùr- 
mbatb,  ri'm  faigliinn.  Na'mbiodb  fios  aig 
ar  lucbd-dutbcba  aig  an  taigli  an  deifir  a  tba 
eadar  tuatbanaicb  ann  an  sibrramacbdan 
Inbhirnis,  Ilois,  a's  Earra-Ghàidbeil  agus 
an  càirdean  ann  an  Canada,  cba  bbitbcadb 
gillc  òg,  no  niglican  òg,  no  teagbbicb  òg, 
nacb  imricbcodli  air  ball  do'n  dutbaich  sco. 
Tba  b-uile  tuatbanacb  ann  an  seo  'n  a  f  hear- 
baile.  Cba'n  'eil  màl  ri  pbàigbcadb,  oir  a's 
Icis  foin  am  fcarann  a  tba  e  ag  ùitcacbadb 
Tba  aige  pailteas  de  cl.rodli,   dc  cbaoraicb, 


do  dbeicb,  's  ua  b-uile  ni  eile  a  tba  feumail 
dha.  'N  uair  a  tba  e  'dol  bbo  'n  taigb  cba 
cboisicb  e;  acb  sann  a  tba  e  'dol  air  muinn 
eicb,  no  ann  an  carbad  le  da  eacb.  Tba 
'bbean  cho  riombacb  ris  a'  Bban-rigb  le 
siod  I  's  sròl  bbo  'bona  gu  'ceann.  Tba  'n 
tcaghlacb  og  a'  faotaian  fogblum  ro  mbath 
's n  I  sgoilean.  B' fliearr  Icam  a  bbi  'nam 
uacbdaran  air  leth  cbeud  acair  fbearalnn 
's  an  duthaicb  seo,  na  'bbi  "pàigbcadb  tri 
cbeud  punnd  de  mbal  aig  an  taigb.  Mar 
eil  creideas  aig  an  tuatbanacb  anns  an* 
Taigb-Mbalairt,  aig  an  taigb,  'an  ceann  na 
bliadbna  ''tbeid  an  ceòl  feadb  na  fidble"— 
no  aun  an  cainnt  eile,  cba  'n  urraiun  c  am 
m \1  a  pb;'iigbeadb,  's  fcumaidb  e  falbb  ui's 
bocbda  na  tbàinig  e. 

Ann  an  dòcbas  gu'n  soirbbicb  "An  Gaidh- 
eal," a  reir  do  tboilltineis.  is  mi,  le  mor 
urram,  do  cbaraid, 

Iain  Mac  Fhionnlaidi:. 

Elora,  Ontario,  > 

Dara  Mios  an  Fho^harai  Ih,  1S72.  >" 


C  0  S  A  31 II L  A  C  n  D  A  X. 
I. 

AJI    MADADH-ALLAIDH    AG0S    AN    T-UAN. 

Air  latha  brutbainneacb,  tetb,  tbuit  do 
mbadadb-allaidh  agus  do  nan  tigbiun  aig 
an  aon  am  a  cbasgadb  am  patbaidb  a 
srutban  soilleir,  glau  a  bba  a'  ruitb  gu  bras 
a  nuag  aodann  beinue.  Sheas  am  madadb- 
allaidb  air  àite  ard,  agus  an  t-uan  astar 
matb  uaitb,  sliios  an  srutb.  Acb  air  do'n 
mbadadb-allaidb  toil  a  bbi  aige  cur  a  macli 
air  an  uan,  db'  fheoraicb  e  dbetb,  de  bu 
cbiall  da  'bbi  'cur  an  uisge  troimb-cbeile 
agus  'ga  fbagail  cbo  salacb  nacb  b'  urrainn 
dàsan  'ol;  agus  aig  a'  cbcart  am  a'  tagradh 
diolaidh.  Bha  an  t-nan  bochd  air  chrith 
le  eagal  'n  uair  a  cbual  e  bagraidhcan  a' 
mbadaidb-allaidh  agus  tbubhairt  e  ris,  am 
briathraibb  cbo  ciuin  's  a  b'  urrainn  da, 
nacb  robb  c  comasacb  dhàsan  a  bbrcath- 
nacbadb  ciamar  a  gbabbadb  sin  a  bbitb ;  a 
cbionn,  an  t-uisge  a  db'  ol  c  gur  ann  a  ruitb 
c  nuas  g'a  ionnsuidb  o'n  mbadadb-allaidh, 
agus  uime  sin  nacb  b'  urainn  gun  robb  c  air 
a  chur  troimb-cbeile  cbo  fada  suas  an  srutb. 
"  Bithcadb  sin  mar  a  tboilicbeas  e"  arsa  m' 
madadh-allaidb,  "cba  'n  'eil  annad  acb  an 
sloigbtire,  agus  chaidb  innseadb  dhomh 
gun  robb  thu  'g  am  cbnl-chaineadh  o  cbcann 
mu  tbuaiream  Ictb-bbliadbna."  "  Air  m' 
fbocal,"  ars'  an  t-uan.  "  bba  an  t-àm  a  db' 
ainmicb  thu  m'an  do  rugadb  misc."     An 


Ceud  Mios  a'  Gheamhraidh, : 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


241 


uair  a  chunnaig  am  madadh-allaidh  nacli '  agus  chuir  iad  a  suas  atli-chuinge  a  db'ionn- 
robh  feum  dlia  cathachadb  n'  a  b'  f  liaide  I  saidh  lupiter  air  son  gu  'n  d'  thngadh  e 
an  aghaidli  na  fiiinn,  chaidh  e  ann  an  cor- ;  dhoibh  righ  a  dli' amhairceadh  as  deio-h  am 
ruich  f  buathasach  a'  donnalaicli  agais  cobhar  beusan  agns  a  bheireadh  orra  a  blii  bea':^an 
m'  a  bbeul  mar  gu  'm  bitbeadh  e  air  a' I  n'ab'onaraicbe 'nan  cleacbdainnibh.  Thnit 
chutbach,     "  A  gbarraicb,"  ars' esan,  agus  j  do   lupiter   gu'n   robb   saod    meadbonach 

" '       '  math  air's  an  am;  gbair  e  gu  cri^dbeil  air 

iarrtus  cbo  neonacb  asus  tbuirt  e,  's  e  til- 


"mar 


e  'tigbinn  n'  a  bu  dluithe  air  an  uan 
tu  fein  's  e  t-athair  a  bb'  ann,  agus  is  e  an 
aon  cbuid  e."     Le  sin  rug  e  air  a'  cbreutair 
lag,  neo-cbiontach,  bbocbd  agus  sblaod  e  as 
a  cheile  na  leopan  e. 

An  Comhchur. 
Tba  an  ni  a  tha  air  a  cbombarracbadh  a 
mach  anns  a'  cbosamblacbd  so  cbo  soilleir 
's  nacb  ruigte  leas  a  bbi  meudacbadh  fbocal 
uime 


geil  cabar  fiodba  anns  an  uisge,  "  So  dbuibh, 

sin  agaibb  Eigb  1 "    Chuir  an  cabar  a  leithid 

de  luasgan  's  an  uisge  's  gu'n  do  ghabb  na 

losgannan  eagal  cbo  mòr  gu'n  robh  geilfc 

orra  tigbinn  g'a  choir.     Acb  an  ceann  beag- 

an  iiine,  an  uair  a  chunnaig  iad  e  'na  laidhc 

gun  char,  ghabb  iad  de  mhisneacb  dliith- 

,-.-,,.,,        ,        ,    ( achadh  air  a  lion  beag  as  beag  gus  m'  a 

_       An  uair  a  tba  dmne  droch-nadurach,   dbeireadh  an  do  leum  iad  a  suas  aif,  agus  a' 

an-iocbdmhor,  todeach  aon  as  isle  na  e  fem,  |  foicinn  nacb  robh  ciiram  doibb,  ghAathaich 

iad  an  cabar  le  di-meas  mar  a  tbogair  iad. 


aon   cbuid  ann  an  cumhacbd  no  ann   an 

cruadal,  a  mhi-bhuileacbadb  gar  an  d'  thug 

e  dba  an  t-aobhar  a  bu  lugba  air  a  shon, 

nacb  math  a  db-fhaodar  a  choimeas  ris  a' 

mhadadh-alkidh  aig  an  robb  a  nadur  cho 

gionach,  sbanntach  "s  nacb  b'  urrainn  e  cur 

suas  le  bbi   'faicinn  neo-cbiont  a'  tigbinn 

beò  ann  am  fois  "na  choimbearsnachd.     A 

dh-aon  fbocal  c'ait  air  bith  am  bheil  drocb 

dhaoine  ann  an  cumhachd  tba  neo-chiont 

agus  treibhdhireas  cinnteach  a  bbi  air  an 

geur-leanmbuinn.    Liar  is  miosa  'n  sluagh 

's  ann  is  mo  a  tha  aca  de  gbnùis  air  son  an 

reacbdan   aingidb.     Tba  e  ealadh  gu  leoir 

ambaras  a  thoirt  air  duine  e  'bbi  a'  gnath- 

achadh  ouarachd  ann   an  di-och   tbimcan; 

ach  na  'm  bitbeadh  de  dbanadas  aig  neach 

air  bitb  onaracbd  a  mholadh  's  dòclia  gur 

ann   a   racbadh   gacb   cionta   agus   drocb- 

bbeairt  a  chur  as  a  leth ;  oir,  seasamb  a 

suas  airson  ceartcds  ann  an  rioghacbd  a  tba 

air  claonadh  iiaipe  is  ionann  e  agus  a  bbi  a' 

tabhairt  achambsain  do  'n  lucbd  riaglilaidb, 

agus  is  bitbeanta  leis  gur  ann  a  bbeir  e 

'"nuas  diogbaltas  air  ceann   an  fhir  a  dh' 

t'beuchas  ris.    Far  am  bheil  aniochd,  gamh- 

las  agus  cumhachd  laimh  an  laimh  cha  'n 

'eil  ni  is  usadh  dhoibh  no  leth-sgeul  fhaot- 

ainn  air  son  ain-tigbcarnas  a  dbeanamb  os 

ceann  neocbiontachd,  agus  gacb  uile  ghne 

eucoir  a  chur  an  gniomh. 

"  Theid  neart  ihar  ceart." 


II. 

Na  Losgannax  ag  iarraidh  Eigh. 
Ghairm  na  losgannan — agus  iad  a'  caith- 
eadh  am  beatha  ann  an  sltb  agus  saorsa  air 


Cha  robh  iad  idir  toilichte  le  righ  cho  marbh- 

anta,  agus  chuir  iad  air  falbh  an  teacbdair- 

ean  a  rithisd  a  db'  iarraidh  air  lupiter  fear 

air  chor  eigin  eile  'thoirt  doibh;  oir  am  fear 

so  'cha  d'  thug  iad  urram  da  's  cha   mho 

'b'  urrainn  doibh  meas  a  chur  air.     An  uair 

a  chuala  lupiter  so,  chuir  e  corra-ghriodh- 

ach  g'  an  ionnsaidh,  a  tbòisich  gu  neo-iocbd- 

mbor  air  am  marbhadb  'sair  an  itbeadh  aon 

an  deigh  aon  cbo  bras  'sa    b' urrainn  di. 

Chuir  iad  an  sin  an  guidbe  gii  h-u.aigneach 

gu  Mercurius  a's  f  huair  iad  gu'n  deachaidh 

e  a  bhruithinn  ri  Iiqnter  as  an  leth,  gu  "m 

bitbeadh  e  cho  matli  a's  righ  eile  'bbuileach- 

adh  orra,  air  neo  an  aiseag  air  an  ais  a 

db' ionnsuidh  na  staid  anns  an  robh  iad  o 

thoiseacb.     "Ni-h-eadh,"  ars' esan,   "oir  is 

e  an  rogbain  fein  a  bh'ann;  bitbeadh  na 

biastan  neo-tboilicbte  a'  fulang  a'  pbeanais 

a  tba  an  gòraich  a'  toilltinn." 

An  Comhdnir. 

Tha  Phedrus  ag  iunseadh  an  am  anns  an 

do  labhair  Esop  an  cosamblachd  so.     An 

uair  a  bha  co-fhlaitbeacbd  na  h-Aithne  a' 

soirbbeacbadh  fo  laghannaibb  math   agus 

fallain  air  an  dealbh  leotha  fein,  chuir  uad 

a'  leithid  de  earbsa  ann  an  seasgaireachd  an 

cor  's  gu'n  do  leig  iad  le'n  saorsa  dol  gu  ana- 

measaracbd.     Air  do  iorghuillean  briseadh 

a  mach  'n  am  measg  ghabb  Fisistratus  an 

cothrom;   ghlac    e    an    àitean    daighnich, 

agus  riun  e  e-fèin   n  a  uachdaran  orra  fein 

agus  air  an  sochairean.     An  uair  a  mhoth- 

aich  muinntir  na  h-Aithne  gu  'n  robb  iad 

ann  an  staid  thràillidh  ged  a  thacbair  do 

Phisistratus  a  bbi  "na  uachdaran  gle  iochd- 


feadh  nam   boglach  's  nan  locban— coinn-  I  mhor  cha  chuireadb  iad  air  chor  sam  bith  a 
eamh  chabhagach,  aimhreiteach  aon  latha,  j  suas  leis;  uime  sin,  an  uair  nacb  robb  dòigb 


242 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


Ceud  Mios  a'  Gheamhraidh,  1872» 


leasacliaidh  air  a'  chilis,  rinn  Esop  leis  a' 
chosamhlachd  so  an  comhairlcachadli  gii 
bhi  foighidnoacla,  agus  thuirt  e  riu  mu 
dheireaJh,  ''SIo  luclid  dùthcha  ionmhaian, 
bithibh  toiliclitc  le  'ur  cranncliur,  dona  's 
mar  tha  e,  gun  fhios  nach  ann  a  dheanadh 
atharrachadh  gnothaichean  na's  miosa." 
"Mar  a  chaireas  duine  a  Icabaidh,  's  ann  a 
laidheas  e." 

Ead.  le  Mac-Mharcuis. 


NAIDHEACHDAN. 

Cha  n  'eil  naidheachdan  cudthromacli 
sam  bith  agiinn  ri  'n  innseadh  air  a'  mhios 
seo.  Ach  faodaidh  sina  gearr-chunntas  a 
thoirt  air  beagan  de  ghnothachaibh  na 
duthcha. 

Thainig  Mac  Thighearna  Ghrannda  gu 
'aois  air  a'  mhios  a  chaidh  seachid;  's  ma 
thainig,  cha-n  ann  gun  fhuaim  a  chaidh  ;in 
latha  leigeil  seacTiad.  Bha  Baile  nan- 
Granndach  air  a  sgeadachadh  leis  gach  ni 
a's  àillte  'surrainn  sinn  ainmcachadh ;  agus 
am  measg  na'n  sgriobhaidhean  cha  robh  a' 
Ghailig  air  dhi-chuimhn',  oir  an  àitean  de'n 
bhaile  bha  na  briathran  seo:  "Saoghal  fada 
's  deadh  bheatha  do 'n  mhorfhear  òg," 
"Fàilte  air  an  oighre,"  agus  an  còrr. — lih  i 
miiinntir  Ghlinn-Urchaduinn  cruinn  aig  an 
am  cheudna.  'Sgann  gun  robh  beinn.  cnoc, 
no  tulach  's  a'  ghleann  gun  tein'  aighir  'n  a 
chaoir-lasidr  air  am  mullach.  Gu  h-ùr-labh- 
rach,  snasmhor,  deas-bhriatlu-ach,  sheas 
Uilleam  òg  Mac-Aoidh,  's  a,'  Bhlar-bheag 
(Runaire  Comunn  GaiHg  Inbhirnis)  a  dh'  61 
deoch-slàinte  an  oighre  òig.  Labhair  Mac- 
Aoidh  'sa'  Ghiilig,  a's  bha  'uirgheall  na  bu 
f  hreagarraichc  's  na  bu  mhaisiche  na  mùran 
de'n  spleadhachas  fhada  gun  blirigh,  a  tha 
ro  chimianta  aig  coinnimhean  dc'a  t-seòrsa 
seo, 

Thainig  oighre  ug  Gàidhealach  eile  gu 
'aois  air  a'  mhios  a  chaidh  seachad  — 
Eosach  Chromba.  Mar  a's  cleachdach  aig 
amaibh  de'n  t-seursa  seo,  bha  na  h-àrd 
uaislean  mu  'n  cuairt  cruinn,  aig  deadh 
dhiothad.  Bha  mòran  ri  chantuinn,  ach  cho 
fad  's  a's  fiosrach  sinnc,  cha  robh  idir  a' 
leithid  de  choltas  Gàidhe  .lach  air  ni  sam 
bith  mu'n  cuairt  do'n  chuis,  'sq,  bh' air 
coinnimh  Thighearna  Glirannda,  's  a  chuid 
iochdarain  Ann  an  deadli  uiriglieall  beurla, 
dh-iarr  Fcar-Ghàthan  deocli-sL'iiLae  an  oighre 
òig  Ò1  —  ni  a  chaidh  a  dheanamh  le  niòr 
aoibhneas.      Anns   na   làithihh  a  dli-aom, 


cha  bhiodh  coinneamh  de'n  t-seorsa  seo,  aig 
nach  biodh  am  bard  a'  seinn  subhailcean 
nan  òg  agus  a'  luaidh  air  euchdan  nan 
triath  a  dh'  f  halbh,  ach  an  diugh  tha  'cheòl- 
raidh  'n  a  suainn,  a'  chlarsach  air  gheugaibh 
seilich,  agus  meilich,  nan  u  in  na's  binne  an 
cUiasaibh  an  uachdarain  na  uile  oiifeid  nam 
filidh. 

Tha  sinn  a'  cluinntinn  gu'm  bheileas  gii 
rathad  i  iruinn  a  dheanamh  tro  Eilean-dubh 
na  Tòisidheachd.  Choinnich  mu"u  cuairt 
do  dhà  fhichead  de  dh-uachdarain  a's  uaisl- 
ean eile  na  duthcha,  anns  a'  Chauonaich 
deireadh  na  miosa  'chaidh  seachad,  gu  an 
comliairle  chur  cuideachd,  agus  beachdan  a 
cheile  'fhaotiinn  mu'n  chuis.  Bha  fear 
iMac-an-Leisdeir  's  a'  chathair,  a  hibhair  gu 
pongail,  agus  a  dh-iarr  comhnadh  o  gach 
uachdaran  mu'n  cuairt.  Gu  sgeula  goirid 
a  dheanamh,  mu"n  do  sgaoil  a'  chuideachd, 
chaidh  dlu  air  ficheid  mile  punnd  tìasunn- 
ach  a  chruinneachadh  (no  gu  h-àraid  a 
ghealltainn). 

Tha'n  aimsir  am  bitheantas  flinch  anns 
gach  cearna.  Tha 'm  b\rr  a  nise  air  a 
thional  gu  tcai-uinte  ge>rl  1)U  mh^r  an  eagal 
a  bh'  air  cuid  nach  rachadh  a  thional  air  a' 
bhliadhna  seo  le  fliuichead  nah-airasir,  Cha 
d'  f  huaireas  a'  mhòine  air  a  cruachadh 
fhathast  ann  am  mòran  àitean  de'n  Ghàidh- 
ealtachd;  agus  tha  a  mheud  'saig  am  bheil 
an  comas  gu  dripeil  a'  togail  giuthais,  'g  a 
spealgadh,'g  a  thoirt  dachaidh,  agus  a  luchd- 
achadh  nm  spàrdan  leis. 

Bha  cuid,  aon  uair,  ann  am  mòr  chreideas 
's  a'  bheachd  f haoin,  nach  biodh  duine  anns 
na  h-uile  seidh'na  Ghàidhcal,  mar  gabhadh 
e  'n  daorach  cho  trie  's  a  ght^obliadh  e  mac- 
na-bracha.  Faodaidh  ar  luchd-lcughaidh  a 
thuigsinn  gu'm  bheil  a'  bheachd  seo  a'  call 
greim  's  a'  Ghàidhealtachd  'n  uair  a  dh-inn- 
seas  sinn  gu'n  d'  thug  Mac-Mhurchaidh, 
M  ica'-Linnein  agus  Elliot  àrd  righladh  nan 
"  S<ior  Theampalach^'  (ann  am  Breitinn 
's  an  Eirinn)  do  phriomh  bhaile  na  Gàidh- 
ealtachd. 


FllEAGAllirF-AN. 
Fhuair  sinn  an  litir  thaitneach  agus  na 
s:ifriobliaidheaii  eile  a  chuir  Iain  Mi)ireaston 
tbugaiim.  Cuiriilh  siiiii  's  A'  (ìiiAiDHEALÌad 
a  lion  ciiid  a's  cuid.  fllar  a  bha  e  'g-  larraidh, 
clò  bhuailidli  sinn  bho  iim  gu  ò,m  sgriobh- 
aidhean  iis  an  Tkachdaire  (ìhaiuhealach, 

'.Slls  a'    CllUAIRTEAR. 

Tlia    mòran    litrichean    againn    gun    am 
fhreaKairl  air  a'  inhios  seo. 


ENGLISH    DEPARTMENT. 


NOVEMBER,   1872. 


GAELIC  PHILOLOGY. 

NOTES    BY    THE    REV.     AI.EX.     CAMERON. 

In  llie  Ptiidy  of  Gaelic  pliilology 
we  must  carefully  guard  against  the 
danger  of  concluding  that  all  words 
which  reaomb'o  each  other  in  form 
and  meaning  are  cognates,  for  words 
derived  fiom  emirely  different  roots 
may  closely  resemble  each  other  in 
both  these  respects.  Chunnairc  and 
chwmaic,  for  example,  are  nearly 
identical  in  form  and  have  the  same 
signification,  but  (hey  are  derived  from 
different  roots.  Chunnairc,  which  fre- 
quently occurs  in  some  of  the  older 
editions  of  the  metrical  psalms  (see  Ed. 
1753,  Pss.  xxxvii.  35  ;  cxix.  96,  158), 
is  composeil  of  tiie  prefix  con  (:=  co,com, 
=  Latin  co)i)  and  dearc  (dare),  while 
chunnaic  is  coinposed  of  the  same  prefix 
and  faic  (O'Donovan's  Gram,  p  223). 

These  words  illustrate  also  the  im- 
portance of  a  knowledge  of  the  ancient 
forms  of  Gaelic  words  to  enable  us  to 
determine  their  true  etymology,  and  the 
words  in  otlier  languages  to  which  they 
have  a  r^-al  affinity.  Chunnnirc  was  in 
ancient  Gaelic  cnndairc  (compare  adcon- 
dairc  =  ad  con-dairc  in  Turin  Glosses), 
which  olearl}'  points  to  the  root  dare 
(Sanskrit  d'c)  and  to  the  Greek  cognate 
derkomui  {V)\  Nigra's  Turin  Glosses,  p. 
39,  and  O'Donovan's  Gram.  p.  223). 
Chunnaic  was  formerly  written  chonnaic 
(=  con-fo-ic),  which  seems  to  point  to 
a  root  ic  cognate  with  oc  in  the  Latin 
oculus  (Ebrard's  Handbuch  der  Mitt. 
Gal.  Sp.). 

It  would  be  easy  to  give  illustra- 
tions without  number  of  fanciful  etymo- 


logies, based  upon  mere  resemblance 
between  words  in  sound  without  any 
regard  to  either  their  ancient  forms  or 
the  laws  of  letter-change  between  Gaelic 
and  its  cognate  languages,  but  the  iol- 
lowing  will  suffice  at  present : — 

Flail /teanas{heax  en). — Fki(h-iniiis(}s\e 
of  nobles  or  heroes)  is  given  in  the  dic- 
tionaries as  the  etymology  of  this  word. 
But  the  old  form  fiathemnas  (glory) 
shows  that  it  has  no  connection  what- 
ever, etymologically,  with  the  "  island 
of  the  brave  or  noble,  which  was  sup- 
posed to  lie  far  distant  in  the  Western 
Ocean,"  and  which,  we  are  told,  formed 
the  imaginary  heaven  of  the  ancient 
Gael,  but  that  it  is  a  mere  derivative 
from  flaithem  (lord)  as  hreitheanas,  an- 
ciently bretJiemnas  ( Saint  Patrick's 
Hymn),  is  a  derivative  from  breitheamh, 
anciently  brithem. 

Ifrinn  (hell).— This  word  hasbeen  some- 
times derived  from  \  bhrbin  (the  island 
of  sorrow).  In  Armstrong's  Dictionary 
and  in  Logan's  Introduction  to  Macken- 
zie's Beauties  of  Gaelic  Poetry,  it  is 
explained  as  i-fuar-fliviiw^  "  the  isle  of 
the  cold  land  or  clime,"  and  in  support 
of  tiiis  etymology  we  are  told  that  the 
"  Celtic  hell  was  a  cold  dark  region, 
abounding  in  numerous  reptiles  and  wild 
beasts,  especially  wolves."  The  author  of 
the  History  of  the  Early  Scottish  Church 
derives  this  word  (p.  176j  Irom  averiiiis. 
But  the  laws  of  letter-change  between 
Latin  and  Gaelic  show  that  these  ety- 
mologies are  mere  fancies,  and  that 
ifrinn  (anciently  ifurnn,  gen.  ifii'nn)  is  a 
mere  loan-word  from  infernum,  n  dis- 
appearing beforey  by  rule  (Zeuss'  Gram. 
Celt.  2nd  Ed.  p.  42). 


244 


THE  GAEL. 


Nov.,  1872. 


Oirdheirc  (excellent). — This  word  is 
derived  in  the  Highland  Society's  Dic- 
tionary from  or  and  dearc ;  but  the  old 
forms  airdirc,  irdircc,  erdirc,  show  that 
the  first  syllable  is  not  br  (gold),  but  the 
preposition  air,  which  in  composition 
appears  also  as  er  and  ir  (Zeuss'  G.  C. 
pp.  5,  8G8). 

Inhlnr  (confluence). — "NYe  have  seen 
various  etymological  explanations  of 
this  word,  but  none  which  we  could 
regard  as  satisHictory.  The  old  form 
was  Inber  (^Stokes'  Ir.  Glosses,  p.  74), 
which  we  regard  as  containing  the 
prefix  in  and  the  root  her,  which  latter 
corresponds,  as  Avill  be  afterwards 
noticed,  to  the  Gi-eek  pher-0  and  the 
Latin  fer-o.  Inbhir  is,  therefore,  cog- 
nate with  iiiferre,  one  of  tiie  meanings 
of  which  is  "  to  flow  in  or  into." 

Tighearna  (lord). — Of  this  word  we 
have  seen  several  fanciful  etymological 
explanations,  of  which  by  Air  the  most 
plausible  is  that  which  is  given  in  the 
Highland  Society's  Dictionary,  and 
which  connects  it  with  the  Gr.  turannos. 
But  the  old  name  Vorticjern,  glossed  by 
architeetor,  shows  that  g,  which  dis- 
appears by  aspiration  from  the  modern 
pronunciation,  is  an  organic  letter,  and 
points  unmistakably  to  the  Lai.  tego, 
Ger.  dach,  and  Gael,  teach,  tigh,  as 
cognates  (Stokes'  Ir.  Glosses,  p.  104). 

Closely  connected  with  the  evil  now 
referred  to,  is  another  against  which 
the  student  of  Gaelic  philology  must 
carefully  guard.  "We  mean  the  ten- 
dency to  draw  sweeping  inferences  from 
instances  of  affinity,  which  are  either 
too  few  or  too  doubtful  to  support 
general  conclusions.  Of  this  crude 
mode  of  philologising,  the  following 
examples  of  affinity  by  which,  wc 
observed  .some  time  ago,  a  lecturer  on 
Gaelic  philology  sought  to  illustrate  a 
general  statement  which  he  made  to 
the  cflTect  that  four-fiflhs  of  the  Latin 
primitives  may  be  traced  to  roots  which 
are  also  common  to  the  Celtic,  may  be 
taken   as    a   fair  specimen: — Aro   and 


àr,  nrco  and  tart,  aridus  and  lioram, 
aries  and  reithe,  arista  and  dias,  diasi, 
arma  and  àrtn. 

Ar  and  aro  contain  the  same  root  àr, 
and  are,  therefore,  closely  related ;  but 
tart  and  tioram  are  related,  not  to  areo 
and  aridus,  but  to  torreo  and  its  cog- 
nates, Gr.  tersomai,  Ger.  durst,  Eng. 
thirst,  Sanskrit  la7-sh. 

If  the  resemblance  between  arics, 
arietis,  and  rciihe  be  sufficient  to  justify 
the  inference  that  these  words  aro  cog- 
nates, then  must  we  likewise  conclude 
that  ahies,  abielis,  and  heithe  are  cog- 
nates. But,  unfortunately,  ahies  is  not 
the  birch-tree  {beithe),  but  the  fir-tree 
{giutìias'). 

The  lecturer  seemed  to  feel  that  the 
resemblance  between  arista  and  dias  is 
not  such  as  to  lead  at  once  to  the  con- 
clusion that  these  words  are  etymologi- 
cally  related,  for  he  placed  alongside  of 
dias  the  form  dia&t,  which  is  used  in 
some  parts  of  the  Highlands.  But  the 
t  of  diast  is  not  organic,  as  may  be 
seen  by  comparing  dorus  and  dorust, 
solus  and  solust,  ris  and  ì'ìst,  dithis  and 
dithist,  milis  and  milist,  reubal  (rebel) 
and  reubalt.  Besides,  dias,  not  diast,  is 
the  form  which  we  find  in  ancient 
Gaelic  (Zeuss'  G.  C,  p.  G23). 

Arm  is  probably  a  loan-word,  iden- 
tical with  the  Latin  arma  (Ebel'a 
Celtic  Studies  by  Sullivan,  p.  69). 

These  examples  of  false  etymology 
show  that,  in  order  to  pursue  the  study 
of  Gaelic  philology  intelligently,  we 
must  know : — 

1.  The  oldest  existing  forms  of 
Gaelic  words. 

2.  The  laws  of  Gaelic  derivation 
and  composition,  that  we  may  be  able 
to  determine  with  some  degree  of  cer- 
tainty the  constituent  elements,  and, 
consequently,  the  roots  of  the  words 
of  which  the  language  is  formed. 

o.  The  laws  of  letter -change  be- 
tween Gaelic  and  its  cognate  languages. 

What  we  have  now  stated  will  be 
further    illustrated    by    the    following 


THE  GAEL 


245 


examples  of  genuine  affinity  traced 
between  words,  some  of  which  have 
little  or  no  resemblance  to  each  other: — 

1.  Foirfeach  (Presbyter,  Presbyterian 
elder)  and  Gr.  phoneus  (murderer). 

These  words  have  no  resemblance 
to  each  other  either  in  form  or  in 
meaning,  but  they  are,  nevertheless, 
closely  related.  Foirfeach  (literally,  a 
perfect  man)  is  derived  from  foirfe 
(perfect).  But  the  ancient  form  of 
foirfe  wasfoirhthe,  which  is  compounded  , 
of  the  preposition  for,  hi  from  the  root 
he  (to  cut),  and  the  participial  termina- 
tion the.  (Di  Nigra's  Turin  Glosses, 
p.  39).  The  root  be,  also  ben,  is  cog- 
nate with  the  Gr.  root  j^hen,  from  which 
are  derived  the  Gr.  aor.  epephnon  from 
the  obsolete  phenu  (to  slay),  phonos 
(murder),  and  p)honeus  (murderer). 
Greek  ph  corresponds  to  Gaelic  b. 
Compare  pherO  and  heir,  phallos  and  ball, 
phullon  and  bile. 

From  the  root  he,  hen  or  ban,  come 
hana  (death,  O'Reilly's  Diet.),  has 
(death,  Zeuss'  G.  C.,  p.  787),  tobe  (cut- 
ting oS ;=dofo-be,  Zeuss'  G.  C..  p. 
883),  imdibe  (circumcision  •,-=im-cli-he). 

The  corresponding  Sanskrit  root  is 
van  (Bopp's  Sanskrit  Glossary,  p.  342). 

2.  Gàir,  glare,  gair  or  goir,  toghairm, 
freagair,  agair,  foghur,  cagar,  iairngire, 
fogair,  Welsh  gair,  Gr.  gèruO,  Lat.  garrio. 

These  words  are  from  the  root  gar, 
which  is  common  to  Gaelic  with  the 
other  congnate  languages.  Compare 
Sanskrit  gar  (to  soundj. 

The  relationship  between  gair  {sXioni), 
gàire  (laughter),  gair  or  goir  (call), 
gairm  (calling),  and  Gr.  gèriio  and 
Lat.  garrio,  is  obvious.  AVe  may, 
however,  notice  that  gair  and  gairm 
have  the  same  relationship  to  each 
other  as  the  verb  gniu  (facio),  from  the 
root  gen^  and  gnim,  gniomh.  (Zeuss'  G. 
C,  p.  770). 

Agradh  (anciently  acre-=adgre^  =:ad- 
gaire,  Avhere  ad  stands  for  ath  cr  aith,  a 
common  prefix  (Zeuss'  G.  C.  pp.  8G9, 
875).      Freagradh  (anciently  frecre)-=z 


frithgaire  (Zeuss'  G.  C.  p.  875,  and  Di 
Nigra's  T.  G.  p.  46).  Tagradh  (ancient- 
ly tacre,  tacrae  in  the  Turin  Glosses) 
=do-ad-gaire,  where  ta  is  formed  out  of 
the  two  prefixes  do  and  ad  (Di  Nigra's 
T.  G.  p.  46).  Tairngire  (promise)= 
do-air-con-gaire,  tairn  containing  the 
three  prefixes  do,  air,  and  con.  Fogradh 
(admonition)  anciently  focre  =fo-od- 
gaire.  Irfocre  and  airocre-=.air-fo-od- 
gaire.  Foghur:=fo-gaire.  Irgaire  (pro- 
hibition)=a/?-  gaire.  Toghairm  (invo- 
tiii\on)=ido-fo-gair-m.  Diucaire  (ex- 
clamation; in  Turin  Glosses  diucrae)-=:i 
do-od-gaire,  Cogar  or  cagar  (whisper) 
=con-5rar  (Stokes' Ir.  Glosses,  p.  157). 
I  have  met  with  several  other  deri- 
vatives from  this  root,  as  frisgair  (to 
contradict),  forgair  and  fuvcongaire  (to 
command),  which  show  the  power 
Oaelic  possesses  of  forming  words  by 
composition,  and  also  the  copiousness 
of  ancient,  as  compared  with  modern 
Gaelic. 

3.  Fiamiis  and  ivitncss. 

The  old  forms  fiadhnaise,  fiadnisse, 
show  at  once  the  affinity  of  these  words. 
Fiadnisse  is  from  the  root  fid,  from  which 
come  also  fios  (anciently  fis),  if,  indeed, 
it  be  not  a  loan-word  from  vfsio,  fidir, 
cuius  {consc\encc)=confus=sconfis  or 
con-fats  (Zeuss'  G.  C.  pp.  787,  ,872), 
cocubns  (consc\erice)=:con-con-fus.  Com- 
pare tlie  modern  word  coguis. 

With  the  root  fd  are  cognate  the 
Sanskrit  vid,  Gr.  id  (preceded  by  the 
digamma)  from  which  come  cidon  and 
oida,  Lat.  vid  (video),  Ger.  tvisscn,  A.  S. 
ivitt,  Eng.  wit. 

4.  Beo  (living)  and  qiticJc. 

These  words  have  not  one  letter  in 
common,  but  they  are,  nevertheless, 
etymologically  related,  as  shown  by  the 
following  comparison : — 

Bcò{ìn  old  Gaelic  bin),  Gr.  bios  (bi[F\os, 
with  digamma),  Latin  vivus,  Sanskrit 
gii'a,  Goth,  qvius  (th.  qviva),  A.  S.  civic, 
Eng.  quicJc.  (^Compare  Zeuss'  G.  C.  p. 
37;  Bopp's  Glos.  p.  154;  Curtius'  Gr. 
Etyra.  p.  418). 


24G 


THE  GAEL. 


Nov.,  187?. 


5.  Bean  and  queen. 

The  Boeotian  form  lana  shows  that 
bean  (in  old  Giielic  ben)  is  cognate  with 
the  Greek  gunc,  with  which  may  be 
compared  the  Sanskrit  ^a?i/,  Golh.  gvejis, 
A.S.  civen,  Eng.  queen.  (Compare  Zeuss' 
G.  C,  p.  37,  and  Bopps'  Glos.,  p.  147). 

6.  BÒ  and  cow. 

BÒ,  Lat.,  bos,  bovis  and  Gr.  ious  are 
manifestly  cognates.  But  the  last  two 
examples  have  shown  us  thsit  b  in 
Gaelic  corresponds  to  g  in  Sanskrit 
and  to  c  in  Anglo-Saxon.  We  can, 
therefore,  compare  ho  and  bos  with  the 
Sanskrit  ga,  gaus,  Ger.,  kuh,  A.S.,  cu, 
and  Eng.,  cow. 

7.  Qtn,gineal,  gniomh,  còtnhnadhfògh- 
namh,  fògknadh,  cinne,  cinneach ;  Gr. 
gignomai,  egenomea ;  Lat.  gigtio,  genus, 
gnatus;  A.S.,  cijn,  cynd ;  Eng.  kin, 
hind,  kindred. 

These  words,  which,  with  their  deriv- 
atives and  cognates,  form  an  extensive 
family  of  words,  are  all  derived  from 
the  root  gen,  cen,  which  corre,^ponds  to 
tlie  Sanskrit  (/a??,  (Bopp's  Glos.,  p.  146). 
The  root  gen  occurs  in  genim,  an  older 
form  of  ginim,  (I  beget).  Compare 
genair  in  Fraoch's  Hymn,  and  the 
Greek  egenomèn.  From  gen  come  the 
verb  gniu  (I  do,)  gnhmh  (anciently 
gm>n=:gni-m,  thing  done,)  conihnadh, 
(anciently  co-gnamz=iCon-yniin,  assist- 
ance, lit.  CO- act),  fbghnamh  (anciently 
fognamz=fo-gniin,  service),  jbghnadh 
(sufficiency),  which,  if  not  identical  with 
fbgnamh,  is  from/b,  gnini,  and  the  ter- 
mination ad,  now  adh. 

Although  gincal  has  a  close  resem- 
blance to  the  root  gin,  it  is  not  derived 
from  it  immediately,  but  from  the  other 
form  cen,  as  shown  by  its  ancient  form 
cenel,  of  which  there  must  have  been 
a  still  older  form  cenethl,  as  may  be 
seen  by  comparing  it  with  the  AVelsh 
cenedl,  anciently  ceneil. 

The  afTinity  between  gen  and  the  Gr. 
gignomai,  from  the  obsolete  geno  (com- 
pare egenomcn),  and  the  Lat.  gigno  is 
obvious,  and  the  form  of  the  root,  cen, 


explains  cinne,  cinneach.  with  which 
A.  S.  ci/n,  ci/nd,  and  Eng.  kin,  kindy 
kindred,  are  cognate. 

(T-jbe  Continued.) 


THE  RIVER  NAMES  OP  ENG- 
LAND AND  SU()TL\ND,  AND 
WHAT  THEY  PROVE. 
It  is  allowed  by  all  who  have  studied 
place  names,  that  those  of  rivers  and 
mountains  ai-e  the  most  ancient  in  aU 
countries,  and  must  have  been  given  by 
the  first  inhabitants.  Now,  when  we 
find  that  in  England  there  are  a  very- 
great  number  of  rivers  which  have  pre- 
cisely the  same  names  as  those  in  Scot- 
land, it  is  certain  they  must,  in  every 
instance,  have  been  given  by  a  race  of 
people  speaking  the  same  language. 
The  origin  of  tJie  Scotch  river  names 
is  derived  from  the  Gaelic  language ; 
there  are  none  composed  of  Welsh 
words,  and  this  fact  is  acknowledged  by  a 
Welsh  writer,  Mr  F.  Ei  I  wards,  who  says, 
in  his  very  recent  work  on  "  Names  of 
Places,"  page  12:  "The  Sjottish  rivers 
and  mountains  must  have  received  their 
names  long  before  the  Cyrary  arrived." 
This  is  a  truthful  fact,  and  proves  that 
not  a  river  or  mountain  in  Scotland  was 
named  by  the  Welsh  people.  The  ety- 
mology of  the  rivers  of  Scotland  being 
from  the  Gaelic,  the  writer  I lereof  pro- 
ceeds to  give  the  names  of  those  of  Eng- 
land identical  with  tliem,  and  their 
derivations. 

In  Scotland  there  are  seven  rivers 
named  "Avon;"  in  En, laud  there  are 
four  rivers  named  ■'  \  von  ;"  in  Scot- 
land (iu  Dumfriesshire)  there  is  a  river 
"  Evan;"  in  England  (iu  Kent)  there  is 
also  an  "Evan;"  all  these  come  from 
the  Gaelic  woi'd  Abhuin/i,  and  means 
"a  river;"  this  name  itself  is  formed 
from  Abh,  old  Gacjlic  for  "  water,"  and 
lime,  "a  channel." — Abhuirm  is  often 
contracted  into  Aune,  Auin,  and  An; 
we  find  it  so  in  the  "  Anne"  of  Devon- 
shire.      In    England  there    are   three 


Nov.,  1872. 


THE  GAEL. 


247 


rivers  called  "  Esk,"  one  in  Yorkshire, 
and  two  in  Cumberland;  in  Scotland 
there  are  seven  rivers  called  "  Esk,"  and 
are  derived  from  the  Gaelic  word  Uisg,  or 
Uisge,  meaning  "  water."  The  "  Eskle" 
of  Hereford  is  evidently  from  the  same 
■word ;  so  also  are  the  three  English 
livers  named  "  The  Ouse." 

In  England  (in  Yorkshii-e)  there  is 
a  river  called  the  "  Leven ;"  in  five  dif- 
ferent counties  of  Scotland  rivers  named 
"  Leven,"  occur,  and  derive  theii*  names 
from  the  Gaelic  words  Liath-abhuinn, 
pronounced  as  if  written  "  Leea-aven," 
and  now  contracted  in  English  to  "  Le- 
ven." The  signification  of  the  Gaelic 
words  is  the  "  grey  or  misty  river."  In 
Lancashii'e  there  is  a  river  called  the 
"  Douglas,"  which  is  identical  with  the 
Scotch  rivei'S  called  "  Douglas,"  of 
which  there  are  no  less  than  seven  so 
named.  One  of  them  is  in  Argyleshire, 
where  no  Welsh  race  ever  dwelt,  and 
could  not  have  named  it.  They  are  all 
derived  from  the  words  Du-glas,  or  in 
full  Gaelic  orthography,  Dubh-gJdas, 
meaning  "  dark  gray."  In  Glenfender, 
Perthshire,  there  is  a  stream  named 
AlUan  Duhhghlas,  which  confirms  the 
etymology  of  all  the  "  Douglas  "  rivers 
being  as  above  stated.  The  people  of 
Glenfender  speak  Gaelic,  and  know  no- 
thing of  Mr  Edmunds'  Welsh  word  las, 
"  a  stream,"  but  will  understand  Duhh- 
ghlas to  mean  "  dark  gray." 

In  Yorkshire  there  is  a  large  river 
called  the  "  Don,"  which  is  identical 
in  name  with  the  "  Don  "  of  Aberdeen- 
shii-e,  and  another  in  Elgin,  Scotland. 
Some  good  Gaelic  scholars  make  its  de- 
rivation to  be  from  Domhain  (pro- 
nounced "  Doan"),  which  means  "  The 
deep  river  j"  but  Dr  Armstrong,  in  his 
Gaelic  Dictionary,  says  it  is  an  old  word 
for  "water."  The  "Dun"  in  York- 
shire is  the  same  name  as  the  river 
"  Doun ''  of  Ayrshii-e,  Scotland,  and 
which  last  was  in  old  charters  written 
"  Dun."  Its  etymology  is  from  the 
Gaelic   Du-an,    meaning    "  The    dark 


river."  There  is  in  Yorkshire  a  river 
named  the  "  Calder ;"  there  are  many  of 
the  same  name  in  Scotland,  in  La- 
nai-kshire  there  being  no  less  than 
three.  The  derivation  is  from  the 
Gaelic  Coille  -  dur,  meaning,  "  the 
wooded  water  or  stream."  "Dur"  is 
well  known  to  be  an  old  Gaelic  word 
for  "  water."  In  the  county  of  Suffolk 
there  is  a  river  called  the  "  Ore;"  there 
are  two  livers  of  the  same  name  in 
Scotland,  one  in  Eifeshire  and  one  in 
Kirkcudbrightshh-e;  the  derivation  is 
from  the  Gaelic  Oir,  which  signifies  the 
river  which  runs  at  "  The  edge  or  mar- 
gin." The  river  in  Aberdeenshire  called 
the  "  Urie,"  was  formerly  written 
"  Ure ;"  and  there  is  in  Yorkshh-e  a 
river  "  Ure,"  and  also  comes  from  Oir. 
The  old  spelling  of  the  river  "  Ayr,"  in 
Ayrshire,  was  "  Aii'e,"  and  we  find  a 
river  of  that  same  name  in  England  (in 
Yorkshii-e),  and  on  which  Leeds  is 
situated.  The  etymology  is  from  the 
now  obsolete  term  in  Gaelic  for  water 
represented  by  the  single  letter  "A," 
which  is  pronounced  broad  like  the 
English  word  "  awe,"  and  occurs  in  the 
River  "Awe,"  in  Argyleshire;  the  other 
Gaelic  word  is  reidh,  pronounced  "  ray," 
the  two  together  mean  "  The  Smooth 
water." 

The  river  Tyne  in  Scotland,  and  the 
Tyne  of  England,  must  have  the  same 
etymology;  and,  as  the  Welsh  race  did 
not  give  the  name  to  the  former,  so 
neither  could  they  to  the  latter,  and 
with  regard  to  the  Angles  naming  the 
Scotch  Tyne,  that  must  be  held  as  an 
unreasonable  surmise,  because  they  did 
not  enter  the  country  till  the  middle  of 
the  sixth  century;  but  the  Romans,  in 
the  Urst  century  found  that  part  of 
Scotland  held  and  fully  peoj)led  by  the 
Caledonian  Gael,  and  it  was  this 
primitive  and  valiant  race  who  gave 
all  the  Gaelic  topography  of  Scotland. 
This  river  name  appears  to  be  from  the 
Gaelic  words  Teth-an,  pronounced,  as  if 
spelled,  "Tayan,"  and  meaning  "The 


248 


THE  GAEL. 


■warm  river."  The  rivers  "  Tcan  "  and 
"Teign,"  of  Devonshire,  are  probably 
of  the  same  derivation.  There  is  an 
"  Aide,"  in  Suffolk,  which  is  certainly 
identical  with  the  "  Aldie,"  streams  of 
Scotland,  derived  from  the  Gaelic  words 
Allt-dn,  or  "The  dark  stream."  It  is 
ridicnlous  to  say  the  name  of  these 
streams  (there  are  four  in  Scotland)  was 
given  by  the  English  race  from  tlie 
Alder  tree.  The  Gael  must  have  given 
the  names  centuries  before  any  English- 
men entered  the  country. 

The  "  Allt "  of  Lancashii-e  is  iden- 
tical with  the  "  AUts  "  of  Scotland,  and 
of  which  there  are  many  hundreds.  INIr 
Edmunds  makes  an  astonishing  mistake 
as  to  this  name  in  his  last  Avork  (p. 
14),  where  he  derives  it  from  the  Welsh 
word  Allt,  meaning,  he  says,  "a  steep 
place,  or  mountain  district " — which  is 
impossible,  because  the  "  Allt,"  of  Lan- 
cashire, is  a  stream. 

There  is  a  brook  in  the  county  of 
Kent  called  the  "  Eden,"  and  in  Cum- 
berland there  is  a  river  called  the 
"  Eden,"  on  which  is  Carlisle.  There 
are  four  different  rivers  of  the  same 
name  in  Scotland ;  their  ancient  spell- 
ing is  "  Edan,"  which  is  nearer  to  the 
Gaelic  word  whence  this  river  name  is 
derived — namely,  from  "Eudan,"  mean- 
ing "The  front  river,"  probably  from 
being  conspicuous  ;  the  Gaelic  word  also 
means  "the  face,"  which  would  be  ap- 
plicable to  a  river  that  ran  along  the 
edge  or  slope  of  a  ridge.  At  p.  15, 
Mr  Edmunds  says  this  river  name 
(Eden)  "  must  be  conceded  as  Gaelic." 
This  admission  is  important,  coming 
from  an  advocate  contending  for  the 
Welsh  race  being  the  first  inhabitants 
of  Britain ;  but  Avhich  is  impossible, 
when  we  find  proofs  of  the  Gael  naming 
rivers  from  Kent  to  Cumbei-land,  botli 
included,  and  that  tlie  very  same  river 
names  are  also  spread  over  all  Scotland, 
demonstrating  that  it  was  a  Gaelic- 
speaking  race  who  gave  these  names  in 
both  countries.     That  it  is  altogether 


erroneous  in  Mr  Edmunds,  or  any  other 
person,  to  say  that  the  "Douglas"  and 
"  Esk "  river  names  come  from  the 
Welsh  language,  is  proved  by  the  im- 
portant fact  that  they  occur  in  Ireland, 
where  the  Welsh  race  never  gave  any 
names.  Thus,  Mr  Joyce,  in  his  work  on 
Irish  Topography,  1st  edition,  p.  411, 
says — "  Douglas  is  very  common  both  as 
a  river  and  a  townland  designation  all 
over  the  cou.ntry ;"  and  however  eager 
Welsh  writers  may  be  to  attempt  to 
give  their  derivations  to  the  Scotch  and 
English  rivers  callejl  "Douglas,"  we 
learn  from  this  same  Irish  river  name 
that  they  must  be  wrong.  Esk  is  also 
found  as  a  name  in  Ireland,  and  Mr 
Joyce  (page  408)  brings  it  also  from  the 
same  coi'responding  word  of  tlie  Irish 
Gael,  namely,  iiisce,  "  water."  Th« 
name  "  Eden  "  is  also  found  in  Ireland, 
derived,  as  mentioned  above,  and  by 
this  -wiiter,  from  "  Eudan."  (See  page 
464.) 

There  are,  besides,  such  a  number  of 
rivers  identical  in  England  with  those 
of  Scotland  which  must  have  been  given 
by  a  people  speaking  the  language  of 
the  Gael.  There  are  also  a  great  many 
others  derived  from  it,  and  as  it  was 
not  the  Welsh  race  who  named  the 
Scotch  rivers  (which  is  admitted  by  Mr 
Edmunds),  so  the  similar  names  in 
England  must  have  been  given  in  like 
manner  by  the  Gael  long  before  the 
Welsh  race  arrived. 

James  A.  Eobertson. 


RETIREMENT  of  MR.  MURDOCH. 

It  is  witli  deep  regret  we  announce 
tliat  Mr.  Murdoch,  the  spirited  writer 
who  has  done  so  macli  to  vindicate  the 
Celtic  character,  is  now  retiring  from 
his  public  office.  Mr.  Murdoch  was 
for  thirty-four  or  thirty-five  years  in  the 
excise,  and  during  that  time,  was 
continually  contributing  to  the  forma- 
tion of  public  opinion  on  a  variety  of 
subjects — among  others,  the  Repeal  of 


THE  GAEL. 


249 


the  Com  Laws,  Temperance,  and  the 
Land  Question.  With  the  Temperance 
Movement  he  was  connected  for  the 
last  thirty  years.  In  connection  with 
the  Land  Question,  his  name  is  a 
household  word.  Having  spent  many 
years  in  England  and  Ireland,  he  was 
enabled  to  deal  with  the  Irish  and  Eng- 
lish Laud  Question,  as  well  as  the 
Scottish.  Deeming  this  the  most  vital 
Question  next  to  the  Gospel,  his  zeal 
in  ventilating  it  never  flagged.  He 
wrote  largely  on  it  in  English  and  Irish 
as  well  as  Scotch  papers ;  and  his 
writings  on  thissubjectalonc,  if  collected, 
would  form  several  respectable,  good 
sized  volumes.  A  notable  series  of 
papers  from  his  pen,  entitled  "  Suth- 
erland AND  OTHER   CLEARANCES,"    and 

signed  "Finlagan,"  were  printed,  about 
ten  years  ago,  in  the  "  Mark  Lane  Ex- 
press," the  leading  Agricultural  Journal 
of  England.  In  these  papers,  the 
Sutherland  Clearances  were  made  to  shed 
light  on  the  whole  system  of  Eviction 
and  Land  mismanagement,  and  the 
interest  they  created  was  such  as  that 
they  were  reprinted  in  several  other 
papers.  Mr.  Murdoch  advocated  the 
cause  of  the  people,  and  particularly 
the  right  of  the  Celtic  people  to  their 
native  soil,  at  the  same  time  recognising 
the  hardships  and  wrongs  of  the  Saxon. 
He  has  always  been  the  champion  of  the 
Highlanders,  and  was  ever  eager  to 
promote  measures  for  their  good.  As 
an  instance  of  how  his  writings  are 
always  relished,  we  may  refer  to  a  paper 
he  read,  two  years  ago,  on  the  "  Cli- 
mate OF  Inverness,"  before  the  Mem- 
bers of  the  Inverness  Literary  Institute. 
Such  was  the  interest  created,  that 
they  unanimously  called  on  him  to 
deliver  it  as  a  Lecture,  under  their 
auspices,  in  the  Music  Hall  of  that 
town.  In  Forres,  last  winter,  he  de- 
livered a  Lecture  on  the  Heroes  of 
Ossian;  and  we  understand,  he  is  called 
upon  to  deliver  it  again  in  some 
of  the  neighbouring  towns.     He  also 


wrote  an  elaborate  paper  on  the  Clan 
System.  He  was  always  ready  to  help 
others,  both  in  public  and  private  work, 
if  he  thought  that  in  so  doing  he 
was  advocating  the  cause.,  and  walking 
in  the  paths,  of  justice.  He  is  a  Chief- 
tain of  the  Inverness  Gaelic  Society, 
and  from  the  literary  talent  he  brings 
to  its  meetings  as  well  as  the  zeal  he 
evinces  in  promoting  its  welfare,  he 
is  one  of  the  chief  pillars  of  the  Society. 

From  the  Revenue  Department  (to 
which  he  professionally  belonged),  it 
appears  from  what  the  Civilian  says, 
that  he  is  not  retiring  unnoticed  : — 

"  Mr.  Murdocli,  whose  name  is  a  house- 
hold word  throughout  the  Department  in 
every  part  of  the  kingdom,  has  for  many 
months  been  a  martyr  to  rheumatism, 
acquired  by  him  ir^^  the  discharge  of  the 
laborious  duties  of  Supervisor,  and,  as  no 
prospect  of  his  early  recovery  exists,  he  has 
taken  the  only  course  open  to  him  and 
sought  retirement.  We  are  certain  that  this 
announcement  will  be  everywhere  received 
with  sorrow,  and  we  cannot  believe  that  Mr. 
Murdoch's  retirement  from  the  service  will 
be  unmarked  by  striking  testimony  to  his 
work  and  fidelity  to  the  great  cause  to  which 
he  has  devoted  so  much  energy  and 
ability.'' 

After  the  above  cursory  review  of 
some  of  what  Mr.  Murdoch  has  done, 
our  readers  will  see  that  a  most  useful 
man  is  retiring  from  Public  Life.  We 
would  therefore  humbly  suggest  that 
the  sons  of  the  Gael  in  all  quarters,  as 
well  as  his  own  friends  (private  and 
public)  should  co-operate  with  the 
Members  of  the  Excise,  in  presenting 
him  with  something  that  may  not  be 
unworthy  of  themselves. 


GAELIC    PHILOLOGY. 

(A  Letter  to  the  Editor.) 
My  Dear  Sir, 

I  have  read  with  great 
interest  the  re  ai-ris  you  made  in  the  ÌEng- 
lish  Department  cf  the  Oct.  No.  of  "The 
Gael,"  upon  the  Ie:tnre  delivered  by  the 
Rev.  Mr  Cameron,  )f  Kenton,  on  Gaelic 
Philology.    I  have  for  several  years  been 


250 


THE  GAEL 


Nov.,  1872. 


groping  my  way  in  the  same  direction  witli 
very  little  leisure  time,  aud  no  assistanee 
except  my  nearly  -worn  out  knowledge  of 
Latin  and  Greek,  aud  recent'y  acquired 
knowledge  of  Welsh  aud  Armonic.  1  there- 
fore hail"  with  delight  the  idea  of  having 
a  compilation  as  you  shadow  forth  —  a 
Gaelic  Comparative  Lexicon.  It  would  bo 
of  the  greatest  importance  to  the  Gaelic 
student.  It  would  be  the  means  of  attract- 
ing more  attention  to  the  antiquity  and 
virtue  of  the  language,  and  wiping  away 
the  stigma,  that  even  Germans  aud  other 
foreigners  know  more  about  the  Gaelic 
philolog  cally  than  those  whose  language  it 
is.  'Ihe  undertaking  would,  doubtless,  be 
an  arduous  one,  requiring  much  and  varied 
study,  much  learning  and  great  research, 
yet  not  insurmountable.  1  observe,  with 
delight,  in  your  concluding  remarks,  that, 
were  encouragement  given,  and  were  Iligh- 
landeis  resolved,  '*  shoulder  to  shoulder,"  to 
help  the  matter  forward,  a  promise  was 
given  by  the  Rev.  Mr  Cameron  to  have  such 
a  great  work  undertaken. 

As  a  Highlander  willing  to  bear  a  hand, 
I  accept  the  challenge  by  offering  at  ou' e 
to  subscribe  a  live  pound  note  to  begin  with, 
more  if  fuiind  necessary,  and  take  several 
copies  of  the  work  when  published.  I  hope 
every  patriotic  Highlander  will  do  the  same. 

You,  sir,  will  raise  the  lasting  gratitude 
of  every  real  Highlander,  who  has  any  love 
left  in  him  for  the  language  of  his  fore- 
fathers, by  agitating  further  th  s  undertak- 
ing, aud  the  support,  and  the  encourage- 
ment, to  undertake  so  desirable  a  Avork. 

I  shall  be  heartily  glad  to  hear  more  of 
the  scheme,  and  to  hear  that  it  has  a  pro- 
spect of  success. — Ever  yours  sincerely, 
John  Mackay. 

[It  is  with  the  greatest  pleasure  we  in- 
sert Mr  Mackay 's  letter,  and  we  hope  that 
other  lliglilanders,  at  home  and  abroad, 
•will  follow  his  examp'e,  not  merely  by 
telling  what  ought  and  might.be  done,  but 
by  showing  what  they  can  do,  and  are  willing 
to  do  ;  and,  finnlly,  we  are  confident  that 
Mr  Cameron's  ability  to  execute  the  task  is 
a  full  guarantee  for  the  Cklt  every- 
where, to  follow  in  the  good  path  which 
Mr  Mackay  has  so  munificently  opened  ujp.] 


thing  that  Professor  Blackie  does  in  show- 
ing the  affinities  of  the  Gaelic  language, 
I  cannot  allow  him  to  run  away  with 
the  harrows  at  pleasure.  The  word  Tigh- 
earn  (in  its  aspirated  form  "Thighearu") 
he  considers  is  derived  from  the  Latia 
"  Tego,"  a  shelter,  a  house.  I  beg  to  state 
that  the  word  has  no  connection  with 
"Tigh"  (more  prop  rly  taigh),  a  house. 
"Tighearu"  is  compounded  of  "  Ti,"  an 
individual  or  person,  and  "  tharainn  "  over 
us,  the  word  therefore  meaning  the  indi- 
vidual who  is  over  or  above  us,  and  equally 
applicable  to  "  Tighearn "  neimh  and 
"Jighearn"  an  fhearainn.  1  hough  the 
first  syllable  "  Tigh  "  has  a  resemblance  to 
"tigli,"  a  house,  yet  the  "  gh  "  is  no  part 
of  the  word  "  ti."  The  "gh"  is  only 
used  to  keep  the  vowels  from  coalescing,  as 
in  many  instances  "dh,"  "mh,"  "  bh," 
"  gh,''  "  th,"  &c.,  the  real  pronunciation  of 
the  word  is  "Tiarna." 

Argathaliax. 


ANSWERS  TO  CORRESPONDENTS. 

We  are  sorry  that  the  sketch  of  Wm. 
Livingstone's  Life  has  been  unavoidably 
postponed. 

Books  Received.—"  Celtic  Origin  of 
Greek  and  Latin,"  by  Dr  Stratton  ;  also,  by 
the  same  author,  "  The  Affinity  between 
the  Hebrew  Language  and  the  Celtic  ;  " 
•'Lays  of  the  Highlands  and  Islands,"  by 
Professor  Blackie  ;  "  Leabhar  na  Feinne," 
by  J.  F.  Campbell  ;  "  College  Irish 
Grammar,"  by  Professor  Bourke  ;  also, 
by  the  same  author,  "  Easy  Lessons  in 
Irish  ;  "  "  Historical  Map  of  the  Clans," 
by  Col.  Robertson  and  T.  B.  Johnstone  ; 
&c.,  &c. 


THE  GAELIC  "GOD  SAVE  THE 
QUEEN." 
(To  the  Editor  of  The  Gael.) 
Sir, — Although  a  great  admirer  of  every. 


We  arc  glad  to  inform  our  readers 
that  the  "Netlicr-Lochaber"  corre- 
spondent of  the  Inverness  Courier  has 
kindly  consented  to  superintend  a 
poetical  column — original  and  select — 
in  the  -winter  and  spring  numbers  of 
The  Gael.  Under  the  charge  of  a 
gentleman  so  thoroughly  qualified  to 
execute  the  task,  -we  arc  confident  that 
this  column  shall  be  hailed  with  delight 
by  all  lovers  of  the  killed  muse.  Mr 
Stewart's  first  contribution  will  appear 
iu  our  next. 


DARA  MIOS  A'  GHEAMHRAIDH,  1872. 


I  Leabh. 


[10  Air. 


AIR  CRUINN-CHORPAIBH 

SOILLSEACn   NAN    SPEUR. 

II.  Earran 

AIR  A'  GIIREIN  AG  US  AIR 
MERCURI. 
Ged  tha  oibre  a'  cliruthachaidh  gu 
ieir  mòr'  agus  miorbhuileach,  gidheadh, 
cha  'n  eil  ni  air  bith  ri  f  haicinn  'n  am 
measg  ni's  ciàtaich',  agus  ni's  oirdheircc 
na  cruinn-chuirp  shoillseach  nan  speur. 
Feumaidli  "  na  soluis  a  ta  ann  an  speu- 
raibh  nèimh"  iongantas  achur  orra-san 
uile,  a  bheaclidaicheas  le  ciirani  air  na 
gniomharaibh  so,  a  rinneadh  leis-san 
a  thubhairt,  "Biodh  soluis  ann  an 
speuraibh  neimh,  a  chur  dealachaidh 
eadar  an  la  agus  an  oidhche,  agus  biodh 
iad  air  sou  clionibaran,  agus  air  son 
ainasirean,  agus  air  son  làithean,  agus 
bhliadhnacban !  Agus  biodh  iad  mar 
sholusaibh  ann  an  speuraibh  neimh  a 
thoirt  soluis  air  an  talamh  :  agus  bha  e 
mar  sin.  —  Agus  rinn  Dia  da  sholus 
mhor,  an  solus  a's  mo  a  riaghladh  an 
latha,  agus  an  solus  a's  lugha  a  riagh- 
ladh na  h-oidhche ;  agus  na  i'èultan," 
(Gen.  i.  14,  &c.)  Mar  so  tha  Maois  a' 
toirt  cunntais  duinn  air  cruthachadh  na 
greine,  na  gealaich,  agus  nan  reult. 
Labhair  Dia  am  focal,  agus  leum  iad 
suas  gu  bith — "  Thubhairt  e,  Biodh 
solus  ann,  agus  bha  solus  ann  !  Agus 
chuunaic  Dia  an  solus  gu'n  robh  e 
maith,"  (Gen.  i.  3,  4).  Gu  cinnteach 
is  dall,  aineolach,  agus  neo-mhothuchail 
an  neach  a  thilgeas  a  shiiilean  air  reul- 
taibh  soillseach  neimh,  gun  e  fein 
isleachadh,  agus  gun  fhaicinn  cia  co 
diblidh  's  a  ta  e,  agus  cia  co  suarach  'sa 
ta  a  ghniombara  a's  fearr,  an  coimeas 
ri  àilleachd  an  t-seallaidh  a  chi  e,  agus 


ri  cumhachd  neo-chrioclmuichte  an  Ti 
dhealbh  neamh  agus  talamh,  a  neoni! 

Dh'  innis  sinn  anns  a'  cheud  earrainn, 
gu'm  bheil  a'  ghrian  air  a  suidheachadh 
ann  am   meadhon   nan  reult,   a  ta   'g 
iadhadh  m'a  timchioU  'n  an   cuairtibh 
eug-samhla  fein.     Tha  i  fein,  ach  beag, 
neo-ghluasadach  ged  tha  a  reultan  uile 
a'  gluasad  mu'n  cuairt  di.     Tha  i,  gidh- 
eadh, a'  cur  char  di  air  a  mul  fein,* 
o'n  iar  gus  an  ear,  agus  a'  gabhail  coig 
thar  fhichead  de  na  làithibh  againne, 
chum  aon  chuairt  a  chur  !     Tha  i  còrr 
mòr  agus  muillean  uair  ni's   mo  na'n 
talamh  so,  agus  corr  agus  ceithir  fichead 
's  a  deich  muillean  mile  air  astar  uaithe; 
gidheadh,  tha  a  teas,  agus  a  solus  a' 
ruigheachd  air,  agus  a'  toirt  beatha  do 
gach  creutair  agus  luibh  a  ta  air!     A 
reir  beachd  dhaoine  foghluimte,  tha  a' 
ghrian  'n  a  cruinn-bhallmòr,  daingeann, 
agus   dorcha,    air   a   cuairteachadh   le 
adhar  soillseach  agus  dealrach  air  chor 
is  nach  faic  sinne  ach  amhàin  dearrsadh 
an  sgeudachaidh  Icis  am  bheil  i  air  a 
còmhdachadh!      Chithear  air  uairibh 
buill    dhubha   air  aghaidh  na  greine, 
agus  tha  na  teallsanaich  a'   deanamh 
mach,  gur  fosglaidhean,  no  tuill,  iad  so, 
air  trusgan  lannaireach  na  greine,  trid 
am  bheil  a  coi'p  dorcha  fein  air  a  nochd- 
adh !     Tha  cuid  a'  saoilsinn  gu'm  bheil 
a'  ghrian  air  a  h-eiteachadh,  cosmhuil 
ris  an  talamh  so,  le  creutairibh  reusonta 
agus  tuigseach  !    Ach  cha  'n  oil  cunntas 
againn  air  so,  agus  cha  'n  fheud  sinn  a 
bhi  glic  'n  ar  barail  fein,  os  ceann  na 
tha  air  a  sgriobhadh !     Ach,  cha'n  eil 
cunntas  againn  'n  a  aghaidh ;  agus  gu 
cinnteach   a  reir  reusoin,  cha'n   'eil  e 

*  h-Aisil, — Beurla,  Axis. 


252 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


Dara  Mios  a'  Gheamhraidh,  1S72. 


cosmhuil,  gu"ra  biodh  am  ball  cruinn 
agus  beag  so,  air  am  bbeil  sinne  a' 
teachd  beo,  air  kiteachadh  le  creut- 
airibh  tuigseach  am  feadh  's  a  bhiodh 
a'  ghrian,  a  ta  còrr  agus  rauillcan  uair 
ni's  mo  na  e,  air  a  fàgail  'n  a  fiisach 
fiadhaicli  agus  falamh ;  agus  a  reir  ar 
beachd-ne,  gun  flieura  air  bith,  ach  mar 
lòchran  mòr  a  shoillseacliadh  nan  reult, 
a  ta  'grad-sliiubhal  mu'n  cuairt  di.  Mar 
so,  cbitliear  a'  ghrian,  aillidh  agus 
òirdhearc,  ann  am  mcadhon  a  teagh- 
laich,  a'  co-phairteacbadhriu  gaclisolais 
agus  aoibhneis — a'  tilgeadh  a  gathanna 
or-bhuidh,  chum  an  criochan  a's  iomal- 
laiche — agus  a  tomhas  an  airasirean 
doibh  maraon  !  Mar  so,  tha'n  solus 
mor  so,  a'  riaghladh  an  latha  do  gach 
aon  fa  leth  de  na  reultaibh  a  dh'  ainm- 
icheadh,  agus  tha  e  dhoibh,  a  reir 
sònrachaidliDhe, — "airsonchomharan, 
agus  air  son  aimsirean,  agus  air  son 
làithean,  agus  bhliadhnachan."  Air 
do'n  ghrein  a  bhi  ni's  aillidh'  agus  ni's 
dealraiche  na  uile  sholuis  eile  neimh, 
rinneadh  i  'n  a  cuspair-aoraidh,  le  cin- 
neachaibh  lionrahor  'san  iiird  an  ear ! 
Bha  iad  ag  amharc  oirre  mar  dhia,  agus 
a'  sleuchdadh  dhi  leis  gach  cùram  agus 
treibhdhireas  'n  an  comas  !  Cha  'n  'eil 
teagamh  nach  i  a'  ghrian  "  Baal,"'  dia 
nam  Pheniciach,  "Chemos"  dia  nan 
Ammonach !  Ach  an  aghaidh  an 
iodhail-aoraidh  so,  thug  Dia,  le  beul 
Mhaois,  rabliadh  sonruichte  agus  soillcir 
do  chloinn  Israeil,  ag  r;idh  riu,  "Thu- 
gaibh,  uime  sin  an  aire  mhaith  dhuibh 
fein,  air  eagal  gu'n  tog  thu  suas  do 
shuilean  ri  nèamh,  agus  an  uair  a  chi 
thu  a'  ghrian  agus  a'  ghcalach,  agus  na 
reultan,  eadhon  sloigh  neimh  uile  gu'n 
tairngcar  thu  gu  cromadh  sios  dlioibh, 
agus  gu  aoradh  a  dhcanamh  dhoibh,  a 
roinn  an  Tighearna  do  Dhia  ris  gach 
cinneach  a  ta  fo  ncamh  uile,"  (Deut. 
iv.  15,  19). 

Aig  na  reultaibh  a  ta  'cuairteachadh 
na  groine,  tha  la  ag'us  oidhcho,  sarah- 
radh  agus  geamhradh,  ceart  mar  a  ta 
aig  an  talamh  againne.      Tha  iad  uile 


a'  dol  mu'n  cuairt  air  am  mulanaibh 
fein,  ann  an  amannaibb  suidbicbte,  agus 
's  iad  na  h-amanna  sin,  an  laithean  agus 
an  oidhchean  fa  leth.  Tha  iad  uile, 
mar  an  ceudna,  os  barr,  a'  dol  mu'n 
cuairt  do'n  ghreiu,  ann  an  cearcallaibh 
mora,  agus  tha  gach  cuairt  dhiubh  so, 
a'  deanamh  na  bliàdhna  aig  gach  reult 
fa  leth.  Mar  so  tha  bliadhnaichean 
nan  reult,  a's  faigse  do'n  ghrein  ni's 
giorra  na  bliadhnaichean  nan  reul,  a  ta 
aig  astar  ni's  faide  uaipe.  De  na  re- 
ultaibh a  dh'  ainmicheadh  anns  a'  cheud 
earrainn,  'se  Mercuri  a's  faigse  do'n 
ghrein.  Tha  'n  reult  so  ni's  lugha  na'n 
talamh,  agus  cosmhuil  ris  a'  ghrein  agus 
ris  gach  reult  eile,  tha  i  'n  a  ball  cruinn 
talmhainn,  da  mhile  agus  sea  ceud  de 
mh'iltibh  troi'pe !  Tha  i  'deanamh  a 
cuairt  mu'n  ghrein,  ann  an  seachd  agus 
ceithir  fichead  la,  agus  tri  uairean  thar 
fliichead  iiine  de  na  laithibh  againn-ne, 
agus  'se  so,  uime  sin,  bliadhna  Mher- 
curi.  Tha  l;i  na  reilte  so,  dlùth  air  a 
bhi  CO  fada  ri'r  latha  fein;  ach  tha  i  co 
fagus  do'n  ghrein,  an  coimeas  ris  na 
reultaibh  eile,  agus  air  an  aobhar  sin, 
CO  ana-minic  air  a  faicinn,  is  nach 
soirbh  an  ni  do  na  teallsanaich,  fad  a 
la  a  thomhas  !  Tha  i  'cuairteachadh 
na  greine  ann  an  cearcall,  a  ta  sea  muil- 
lean  deug  thar  fhichead  mile  air  astar 
uaipe;  agus  tha  i  a'  siubhal  anns  a' 
chearcall  so  cho  luatli,  's  gu  "m  bheil  i 
deanamh  corr  agus  ceud  mile  de  mhil- 
tibh  anns  an  uair  !  Tha  'n  solus  agus 
an  teas  a  ta  i  a'  tarruing  o'n  ghrein,  a 
sheachd  uiread  ris  an  t-solus  agus  an 
teas  againn-ne;  agus  ma  thacreutairean 
reusonta  a'  gabhail  corahnuidh  anns  an 
reilt  bhig  so,  chi  iad  a'  ghrian,  seachd 
uairean  ni's  mo,  na  tha  sinne  'ga  faicinn! 
Nach  aluinn — nach  miorbhuilefich  uil' 
oibre  an  Tighearna  De  ?  "  Clia  'n  'eil 
neacli  cosmhuil  ri  Dia  lesurain  a  tha 
marcachd  air  ncamh  a'd'  chOmhnadh, 
agus  'na  mhòrachd  air  na  speuraibh," 
(bent,  xxxiii.  2G).  "  Thigibh  agus 
faicibh  oibre  Dhe — uamhasach  tha  e 
'n  a  glmiomharaibh,"  (Fs.  Ixvi.  o).    'Se 


Dira  Mios  a"  Ghaamhraiaii 


ANT  GAIDaEAL. 


253 


so  aa  Ti  Uile-bheannuichte  sin,  "  A 
sgaoileas  a  macli  na  neamha  'n  a  aonar, 
agus  a  shaltaireas  air  tonnaibh  na 
fairge ;  a  tha  deanamh  Arcturuis,  Ori- 
oin,  agus  Pleiades,  agus  sheòmraiche 
na  h-airde  deas :  a  tha  deanamh  nithe 
mora  nach  bi  e'n  comas  fhaigheil  a 
mach,  agus  nithe  iongantach  nach  gabh 
aireamh,"  (lob  ix.  8,  11). 

SgIATHA-NACII. 


CALLUM  A'  GHLINNE. 
IV  Earran. 
Mu'n  am  an  d'thainig  muinntireas 
ChalUiim  gu'  crich,  agus  'n  uair  a  bha  e 
ann  an  tomhas  de  iomchomhairle  co  aca 
'rachadh  e  gu  Galldachd  a  dh'iarraidh 
'fhortain,  no  a  dh'  fhanadh  e  car  nine 
mar  a  bha  e,  thainig  caochladh  doch- 
arach  air  a'  Ghaidhealtachd  a  dh' 
aobharaich  an  ditheachadh  agus  am 
fogradh  a  dh'  f  hag  i  mar  a  tha  i,  'na 
fasaich  an  coimeas  ris  mar  bha  i  aig  an 
am  ud ;  eadhon,  "  Achd  Lagh  nam 
•Bochd" — lagh  nach  do  thionndaidh  a 
raach  na  bheannachd  aon  chuid  do'n 
bhochd  no  do'n  bheairteach.  Fo  an 
t-seann  riaghladh  cha  robh  na  bochdan 
ro  lionmhor  agus  bha  iad  air  an  cumail 
suas  ann  an  tomhas  de  chomhfhnrtachd 
freagarrach  da'n  inbhe  le  saor-thabhar- 
tais  nan  sgireachdan  d'am  buineadh 
iad  fa  leth.  An  aite  'bhi  air  an 
cuibhreachadh  mar  phriosanaich  ann 
an  luchuirtean  mora,  riomhach,  cosdail, 
o'n  leth  a  muigh,  ach  lorn  fuar  fasail  o'n 
leth  a  staigh,  agus  fo  smachd  's  fo  riagh- 
ladh mhaighistirean  agus  mhnathan 
eiridnidh  aig  nach  eil  ach  ro  bheag  de 
chaomhalachd  no  de  chomhfhulangas 
ri  'n  laigsinnean,  a's  ann  a  bha  iad  air 
an  cumail  suas  gu  blath  agus  gu  seasgair 
"n  am  bothain  fein  agus  an  uireasbhuidh- 
ean  air  an  leasachadh  gu  bunailteach 
le  tialaidheachd  thlusmhor  an  cairdein 
's  an  luchd  eòlais,  agus  ant  airgiod  abha 
air  a  thioual  o  shabaid  gu  sàbaid  aig 
dorsaibh  na  h-Eaglais  air  a  roinn  orra 
leis  an  tSeisein  aig  amaibh  suidhichte. 


Cha  bu  cheum  air  ghaig  le  oigridh  na 
sgireachd  obair  latha  no  dha  'bhuile- 
achadh  air  buain,  air  caoineachadh 
agus  air  giulan  dachaidh  raoine  nam 
bochd,  agus  cha  robh  biuthas  a  dh' 
fhaoidte  ainmeachadh  as  an  deanadh 
ban-tuathanach  barrachd  uaill  na  gum 
biodh  e  air  a  radh  d'a  taobh  "  gun  robh 
beannachd  nam  bochd  'n  a  cuideachd." 
Ach  air  do'n  lagh  iir  tighinn  as  taigh, 
leis  an  robh  cis  air  a  leagadh  air  uach- 
darain  a's  iochdarain  a  reir  an  tighinn- 
as-taigh — a's  a  dh'  f  heumadh  a  bhi  air 
a  dioladh  gun  mheachainn  gun  dail  aig 
na  traithean  suidhichte — cha  b'  fhada 
gus  an  d'rinn  siod  "  am  feumach  mi- 
thaingeil  's  an  saoibhir  neo-shuairc." 
Bha  na  bochdan  a  nis  'n  an  lethtrom 
agus  'n  an  uallach  searbh  do  na  h- 
uachdarain  agus  do  na  tuathanaich. 
Thug  siod,  gun  dail,  buille-'bhàis  do'n 
spiorad  uasal,  chaomhail,  bhlath-chi-idh- 
each,  air  son  an  robh  na  Gaidheil  cho 
comharraichte,  agus  do'n  ghradh  na- 
durra  f  hiuthail  neo-eiseimeileach  a  bha 
air  altrum,  eadhon  leis  na  cosnaichean 
bochda  d'am  parantan  aosda.  Co  'nis 
a  dh'  aicheadh,  no  a  sharuicheadh  e 
fein,  a  cumail  suas  caraid  no  ban- 
charaid  aosda,  uireasbhuidheach,  air 
dha  bhi  air  eigneachadh,  aill  air  n-aill, 
gu  bhi  dioladh  gu  daor  airson  cumail 
suas  bochdan  eile  ris  nach  robh  dairah 
no  cairdeas  aige.  Mar  sin,  dli'  fhas 
na  bochdan  ni  bu  lionmhoire  agus  na 
cisean  ni  bu  truime  o  bliliadhna  gu 
bliadhna.  B'e  siod,  ann  an  tomhas  mor, 
a  bu  mhathair-aobhair  do'n  an-riagh- 
ladh  dhocharach,  bhreisleachail,  ghearr- 
sheallach  a  rinn  a'  Ghaidhealtachd, 
ann  an  ioma  cearna,  ach  beag,  na 
'fasaich.  Thainig  na  h-uachdarain 
gu  co-dhimadh  nach  robh  leigheas  a 
b'f  hearr  air  an  leon,  na  an  tuath  bheag, 
mar  'theirte  riu,  fhogar  as  an  duth- 
aich,  an  duil  gum  biodh  na  bochdan  air 
an  ditheachadh  's  an  tomhas  cheudna 
agus  uallach  na  cise  air  a  tliogail  'bharr 
guallainn  an  luchd  diolaidh,  no  aig  a 
chuid  'bu  lugha  air  a  h-eutromachdh. 


25i 


AN  GATDHEAL. 


Dara  Mioa  a'  Gheimhraidh,  187 


Mar  sin  thoisich  iad  air  suidheachadh 
an   fhearainn   air    tuatlianaich    mliora 
mav  f liritliean  fhiadli  agus  mar  ghabiia- 
laichean    farsuing  chaoracb.      Chaidh 
gundail  sguabach  an  fhograidh  a  leagail 
air    a'    glileann    tborrach,     tharbhacb, 
innseagacb,  's  an  d'  fhuair  Calliuu  agus 
a  sbinnsear  am  brcLb  's  an  àracb.    Ged 
a  bba  'mbathair  corr  agus  da  fbicbead 
bliadbna  'na  ban-tuatbanaicb  air  an  aon 
laraich,  agus  gun  a  bbi  riamb  ann  am 
fiacban    do'n    uacbdaran,    am    measg 
cbaicb,  fbuair  i  a'  bbairlin;  agus  air  a' 
cbaingis  a  b'  fbaisge  cbaidb  corr  agus 
fichead    smuid   a    smàladb   a    db'    aon 
bheum  o  bbraigbe  gu  bonn  a'  ghlinne, 
dbe  an  robb  ant  iomlan  air  a  sbuidb- 
eacbadb    air    aon    tuf^tbanacb    gallda 
— seann    fbleasgacb,    gun   bbean,    gun 
mbac,  gun  nigbean.     Mu  mbeadbon-là, 
gbluais  gacb  teagblacb  fa  letb,  a  macb 
an  combdhail  a  cbcile,  cba  b'  ann  mar 
a  cbite  iad  re  ioma  bliadbna  air  mad- 
uinn  gacb  sabaid  'n  an  comblain  stolda 
rianail  le'n  agbaidhean  air  eaglais  na 
sgireacbd  gu  bhi  'g  aoradb  do  Dbia  an 
athraicbean — acbgublii  'gabbail  an  cead 
deirreannacb  d'a  cbeile  ann  an  tir  nam 
beò,  a  cbuid  a  b'  fbearr  'sa  b'  oige  dbiu 
air  cheann  an  allabain  a'  del  air  imricb 
do    dbutbcbaibb    cein.      Bu    cbianail 
deucbainncacb  an  sealladb  e,-an  oigridb 
lutbor,  fliallain,  eireacbdail,  a'  deahvcb- 
adbris  an  aosda,  a  bba  air  an  latbaud  air 
an  iomain  gu  rudba  cruaidb,  creag'acb, 
ann  an    oisinn    Ictboireacb  de'n  oigb- 
reachd  far  an  robb  botbain  cbumban 
dbiblidb  air   an    togail    dhoibb.       Am 
measg    nan    eiltbireacb    bba    cuid    de 
bbraitbrcan    agus    de    pbeatbraicbean 
Challuim    ri     am    faotainn.      Bba    a 
mhathair  a  nis  air  a  fagail  gun  seilbb, 
gun  bbunacbas  a's  acb  beag  'n  a  b-aonar, 
agus  sgiiil  na  sean  aois  ag  iadbadb  oirrc, 
ach  fbatbasd  clia  robb  i  aon  cbuid  ann 
an  uireasbbadb  no  ann  an  eiseimeil  ant 
saogail.     Bba  Galium  a  nis  air  a  cbur 
tbuige   gu   deucbainncacb,    agus  cbuir 
c  roindic  ciod  air  bitb  a  dbeireadb  dba 
nacb  fàgadb  e  Eilcan  Bhreatunn  cbo 


fada  's  bu  bbeo  i.  A  bbarr  air  an  teas- 
gbradb  a  bba  aige  dbi  mar  mbathair 
cbaombail,  dbleasdanaicb,  bba  co- 
fbulangas  ro  cbaoin  aige  ritbe,  mar 
bba  i  'nis,  'n  a  suidbeacbadh  aonarach, 
air  cbor  agus  gur  ann  le  cridbe  goirt  a 
rinn  e  suas  inntinn  dol  cbo  fada  uaipe 
eadbon  ri  Galldacbd  na  b-Alba.  Cha 
d'  rinn  e  suas  inntinn  gus  an  do  cbuir  e 
'n  (oiseacb  gu  'raidhe  fein  e,  Co  aca  a 
b'  fbearr  leatba  e  db'  fbuireacb  dluth 
dbi  mar  a  bba  e  na  e  'dhol  do  Gblascbu 
far  am  faodadb  cotbrom  a  'bbi  aige  air 
soirbbeacbadb  ni  b'  fbearr  a  tbaobb  na 
cbuir  e  ri  'sbuil.  Deucbainncacb  mar 
a  bba  i  thug  i  'Ian  aonta  dba  gun 
gbearan  gun  soradb.  Cbuir  i  na 
'uidheam  e  mar  a  b'  fbearr  adh'  fhaod- 
adli  i.  Cbur  i  Biobul  ùr  eireacbdail, 
'na  cbiste,  air  dbi  aireamb  nacb  bu 
bbeag  de  earranan  a  cbombarracbadh 
agus  db'  asluicb  i  air  gun  cuimbnicbeadh 
e  gacb  uair  a  tbigeadb  aon  dbiu  fo 
'sbuil,  gu'm  b'  earrannan4ad  cs  cionn. 
am  biodb  ise  gacb  latba  a'  gttidlie  gu'm 
biodh  iad  air  am  beannacbadb  dba; 
agus  bba  iad  air  am  beannacbadb  dba 
air  mbodb  sonruicbte  mar  a  chitbear  an 
deigh  so. 

Air  feasgar  ciuin,  blath  mu  dbeireadh 
a'  Cheitein,  'n  uair  a  bba  gbrian  a' 
tearuadh  gu  h-atbaiseacb  troi  cbopan. 
gorm-shoilleir  na  b-iarmailte  gu  a  leaba- 
tbaimb  ann  an  ucbd  an  lar-cbuain,  ag 
òradb  muUacb  nam  beann,  agus  braon- 
dbrucbd  caoin  na  b-oidbcbe  cbeana 
tòiseacbadb  ri  dealtradb  nan  coilltean 
agus  bblaitbean  cùbbraidh  ioma-dha- 
tliacb  nan  raointean  agus  nan  acbaidh- 
can  ;  agus  coisir  sgiatbacb  nan. 
doireacban  a'  seinn  gu  sunndacb  fo  sgail 
an  ùr-bbarraich  uaine,  gbluais  Galium 
a  macb  a  botban  a  mbatbar  air  a  thurus 
do  Gblascbu  gun  a  bbeag  'na  sporan 
a  bbarr  air  na  pbaidbeadb  fbaireadh 
air  bata-na-smuide,  acb  le  beannacbd 
agus  deagb  dburacbd  a  lucbd-còlais  a's 
gu  baraid  le  mile  beannacbd  a  mbatbar 
'ga  leantuinn.  Cbo  luath  'sa  fbuair 
Galium   e  fein    air   bord  soitbeacb  na 


Dara  Mios  a'  Gheamhraidh,  1872. 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


255 


smuide,  shuidh  e  sios  air  a  clar  deiridh 
agus  i  a   nis'  ga  ghiulan  air  falbh  gu 
siubhlach  o'n  "Eilein  ghrianach  mu'n 
iadh  an  saile"  acli  clia  b'fhada  gus  an 
do  chuir  an  t-astar  agus  an  dorchadas 
sgail-bhrat  eadar  a  shuil  agus 
Tir  nan  giomanacli  gun  ghiamh, 
A  rachadh  sunndach  ris  ant  sliabh, 
'Sa  chuireadh  smuid  ri  fritli  nam  fiadh, 
Mu'n  goir  ant  ian  'sa'  chamhanaich. 
Tir  a'  bharraicU  cluibhraidh  uain', 
Tir  na  soillse,  tir  gun  ghruaira, 
'Sam  faicte  'ghrian  na  gloir  do-luaidh 
Gun  toit  a  ghuail  'cur  falach  oirr.' 

Agus  air  an  fheasgar  ud  chuunaic 
Galium  i,  mar  nach  robh  e  'san  dan  dha 
a'  faiciun  a  ritbisd  car  latlia  's  bliadli- 
na  na  dheigh  siod,  acli  mar  bu  trie  a 
chunnaic,  agus  a  blieaclidaicli  e  oirre 
le  thachd  agus  le  ioghnadh 

"  aig  criocli  a  cuairt 

Troi  cliupan  gorra  nan  speuran  buan 

A'  dol  gu  tarah  an  uchd  a'  cliuain, 

'Si'  g  òradh  cliruacla  'usbliearraidLiean," 

Ged  a  b'fliada  gliabli  e  o'  nadur  agus 

o  'cliliu  a  blai  aon  cbuid  meata  no  lag 

cbuiseacb,  cbuir  fàgail  a  dhutlicha  sar- 

dheucbainn  air  a  dbuinealais  agus  air  a 

mbisneich.      Ged   nacli  robli  a  bheag 

aig  a  dbutbaich    ri    mhaoidheadh   air 

ann  an  seadh  air  bith  ;  agus  ged  a  bba 

.    docbas  aige  gum  faodadb  e  ruiglieachd 

air  cotbroman  feabbasacbaidb,  air  cus- 

i    pairean    ionmbiannaiclite     agus    ioma 

[    co-fburtacbd     pbearsanta      ann       an 

1    Glaschu,  ris  nacb  bu  du  dha  fiugbair  a 

I    bbi  aige  le  fuireacb  aig  a'  bbaile,  gidb- 

1    eadb    bba  dian  cheangal    aige  ris    an 

i    eilean  bhocbd  iomallacb  a  db'  fhag  e,  a 

j    bba   an    impis    a  cbridhe  'bbristeadh. 

I    Bba  suidbeacbadb  cianail  a  mbathar, 

;    mar  eun  aoiiaracb  air  sliabb,  agus  a 

,[    nead  air  a  creacbadh,  a'laidbe  gu  goirt 

I    air  'inntinn.     Air    an  laimb   eile,  bba 

I  leithid  de  bbuaidh  solasacbaidb  agus 
ij  riaracbaidb  aig  obair  Naduir  air  aignid- 
<\    hean,  mar  tba  'n  obair  eugsmbuil  sin  air 

I I  ataisbeanadh  ann  an  aillidbeachdfhiad- 
I    haicbnambeann,  nam  gleann  agus  nam 

fascboilltean  uaigneacb — nan    lochan, 


nan  allt  caisleach,  liibacb,  tormanacb — 
agus,  nan  aibbnicheaneasach,linngeacb, 
balbh-sbruthacb,  dian-sbiubblacb  a 
dh'fhag  e  nis  'n  a  dheigh,  gun  fhios  da 
nacb  e,  ma'  db'fhaodte,  a  chead  deir- 
reannacb  a  ghabb  e  dbiu  'n  uair  a  sbio- 
laidh  iad  uidh  air  uidh  as  a  shealladh 
fo  sgail  na  h-oidbcbe,  is  gun  d'  f  bairich 
e  efein  mar  leanabb  maoth  air  a  ghrad 
spionadh  o  n'  bbroilleacb  cbaombail  a 
bba  riamb  roimhe  dha  na  blihilhs,  na 
thaitneas  agus  na  ioc-shlaint.  Cha  robh 
teagamb  aige  nacb  robh  moran  nithe  ri 
'm  faicinn  ann  an  Glaschu  de  obair 
lamban  dhaoine  a  bhiodh  'n  an  annas, 
'n  an  iongantas  agus  'n  an  toileacbas- 
inntinn  dha  ;  acb  'n  uair  a  thainig  e  gu 
chuimbnemar  a  cbuala'  enomar  a  leugli 
e  uaireign — "  Gur  h-E  an  Cruithfbear 
a  chrutbaicb  an  dutbaich;  ach  gur 
h-annle  lamban  dhaoine  arinneadh  na 
fcailtean  mora,"  smuainich  e  ciod  air 
bith  cu'pairean  talaidhno  tattneacbaisa 
db'  fhaodadh  a  bbi  air  thoiseach  air, 
nacb  tigeadh  an  latha  's  an  lionadh 
iad  suas  dha  an  fhalanihachd  io-'.ndrain 
leis  an  robh  inntinn  air  an  oidbebe  ud 
air  a  fiosracbadh. 

Mu  ghlasadb  na  camhanaich,  bba 
soitheach  na  smuide  timchioll  Maol- 
Chinntire.  Cha  b'fhada  gus  an  robh 
Galium  bochd  air  urachadh  agus  air  a 
bheotbachadh  le  bhi  coimbead  air 
beanntaibh  boidheacb  Cbinntire  agus 
an  Eilein  Arranaich ;  ach  mo  thru- 
aighe  ;  cha  b'fhada  gus  an  d'  fliag  e 
ant  iomlan  dbiu  air  a  chulthaobb,  agus 
beul  farsuing  Chluaidb  r'a  uo'nd,  asus 
mar  gu'm  biodh  i  ga  shùghadh  as  taigh, 
olc  air  mbath  leis,  an  coinneamh  a 
sgornein  dhorcha  thoiteach  nach  do 
choisinn  ach  ro  bheag  dhe  a  thhichd  no 
dhe  a  chiatadh.  Bha  faiU^adii  breun 
a  b-analacb  cho  deistinneach  dha  is 
gu'n  robh  e  gle  tbaingeil  'n  uair  a  fliuair 
e  a  chas  air  tir,  agus  air  cnbhsair  a' 
bbaile  mhoir,  anns  am  fiiighear  e  an 
deigh  seo.  a'  cothachadh  air  a  laimb 
fein  mar  a  '^/ba  an  ceard  'sa'  chaonnaig.'' 

MulLEACir. 

{Ri  leantuinn.) 


256 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


Dura  MioB  a'  Gheamhraidh,  1372. 


"BUN-LO  CHAB  A  K." 

In  a  company  of  literary  men,  at  -n-hicli  the  writer  of  these  lines,  though 
then  but  little  more  than  midway  through  his  teens,  was  privileged  to  be 
I^resent,  Professor  John  AYilson,  of  Edinburgh,  the  world-renowned  "Christo- 
pher North,"  remarked,  in  the  course  of  conversation — "  Since  the  days  of 
David,  the  sweet  singer  of  Israel,  I  know  not  at  this  moment  that  I  could 
point  to  a  single  hymn,  properly  so  called,  worthy  of  the  name,  except  that 
which  Scott  causes  the  Jewess  Rebecca  to  sing  in  '  Ivanhoe.'  It  is  as  nearly 
as  possible  a  perfect  gem  of  its  kind,  in  which  dignity,  pathos,  and  a  religious 
spirit,  at  once  pure  and  fervid,  are  admirably  intermingled.  I  know  not  any 
species  of  poetical  composition  so  difficult  to  deal  with  successfully."  We 
beg  to  present  our  readers  with  the  hymn  thus  warmly  praised  by  such  com- 
petent authority,  with  a  Gaelic  translation  on  the  opposite  column,  in  which 
we  have  endeavoured,  how  successfully  let  the  reader  judge,  to  do  something 
like  justice  to  the  original. 


Eebecca's  Hymn  (from  "  Ivaniioe.") 

1 

When  Israel,  of  the  Lord  beloved, 

Out  from  the  land  of  bondage  came, 
Her  father's  God  before  her  moved. 

An     awful     guide    in    smoke    and 
flame. 
By  day,  along  the  astonished  lands. 

The  cloudy  pillar  glided  slow ; 
By  night,  Arabia's  crimsoned  sands 

Ileturn'd  the  fiery  column's  glow. 

2 

There  rose  the  choral  hymn  of  praise. 

And  trump  and   timbrel    answered 
keen, 
And  Zion's  daughters  pour'd  their  lays, 

With    priest's   and    warrior's    voice 
between. 
Ko  portents  now  our  foes  amaze, 

Forsaken  Israel  wanders  lone  ; 
Our  fathers  would  not  know  Thy  ways. 

And  Thou  has  left  them  to  their  own. 


But  present  still,  though  now  unseen  ! 

When  brightly  shines  the  prosperous 
day. 
Be  thoughts  of  Thee  a  cloudy  screen 

To  temper  the  deceitful  ray ; 
And  oh !  when  stoops  on  Judah's  path. 

In   shade   and   storm    the   frequent 
night, 
Be  Thou,  long-suffering,  slow  to  wrath, 

A  burning  and  a  shining  light ! 


LAOIDH   NA   DAN-IUDHAICII. 

1 

Tir  a  braighdeanais  'n  uair  dh'fhag 

Israel  a  ghradhaich  Dia, 
Bha  ESAN  mar  rithe  's  gach  trà, 

'Ga  stiuradh  air  gach  làmli  's  ga  dion. 
'S  an  latha  roimpe  bha  meall  neòil, 

'S  be  'n  t'  ioghnadh  mòr  siod  do  gach 
treubh ; 
S  an  oidhch'  bha  'm  fasach  mar  an  t-òr 

Le  boillsa;'  an  teine  a  dh'orduich  E. 


"An  sin  bha  laoidhean  naoimh  a 

Le  tromp  a's  tiomban  'seirm  do  chliii, 
A's  nigh'nan  Shioin  "togail  fhonn 

D'an  d'  thug  gach  sonn  's  gach  sagart, 
fill. 
An  nis  gun  ni  mar  so — mo  chreach ! 

Tha  Israel  air  seach'ran  sleibh, 
Cha  gh'ath  ar  n'  athraichean  Do  shlighs, 

As  dh'fliag  Thus'  iad   'n  an  slighe 
fein. 


Ach  mar  ruinn  fòs — ged  's  ann  fo  sgail! 

'Nuair    'thig   oirn   latha   seilbh   'us 
maoin, 
Biodh  smuainteanOrtsadhuinn  nacihion 

'0  theas  'as  iargain  air  gach  taobh. 
'S  air  slighe  ludah  O  !  'nuair  'thig 

An  oidhche  dhorcha,  trie  bi  dlii, 
Fad-fhulangach  'us  mall  chum  feirg, 

'Nad  sholus  dealrach  dhuinn  's  na'  d' 
stiiiir. 


Dara  Mios  a'  Gheamhraidb,  : 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


257 


4 
Our  harps  we  left  by  Babel's  streams, 

4 
Ar  clarsaichean,  nan  culaidh-thàir, 

The  tyrant's  jest,  the  Gentile's  scorn; 

Dh'fhag  sinn  aig  sruth  Bhàbeil  thall; 

No  censer  round  our  altar  beams, 

Chaidh  gach  altair  oirn  fo  smàl, 

And   mute   are   timbrel,   harp,   and 

A's  fuaim  ar  gaire  tha  air  chall. 

horn. 

Ach  full  nan  gobhar  'Dhia,  ars  Thus' 

But  Thou  hast  said,  the  blood  of  goat, 

Cha  toilich  mi  ua  mile  spreidh 

The  flesh  of  rams  I  will  not  prize  ; 

"  An  cridh  brist',  'san  spiorad  bruit' 

A  contrite  heart,  a  humble  thought, 

Si'n    iobairt    umh'l    dan    d'thug    mi 

Are  mine  accepted  sacrifice. 

speis." 

Scott. 

Nether -LoCHABER. 

PAT   O'CONNOE 

Chaidh  duiu'-uasal,  Sasunnach  hraidh, 
air  tir  ann  an  Eirinn,  agus  chuir  e 
fastadh  air  gille  òg,  tapaidh  a  thachair 


air  d'am  b'àinm  Pat  O'Connor,  gu  bhi 
'dol  maille  ris  air  feadh  na  diithcha. 
Thòisich  am  Maighstir  agus  esan  air 
comhradh  r'a  chèile  anns  na  briathraibh 
a  leanas. 

Maigh. — An  i  do  bharail  gu'n  dean 
6  an  t-uisge  an  diugh,  oganaich? 

Pat. — Tha  mi  cinnteach  gu'n  dean  e 
an  t-uisge  uuireigin,  ach  cha'n  fhios 
domli  cuin. 

Maigh. — Tha  e  eu-cosmhuil  ri  uisge 
'san  am,  oir  tha  'ghrian  a'  sòillseachadh 
gu  h-àiUidh. 

Pat. — Tha  gun  teagamh.  Gidheadh 
cha'n  'eil  i  a'  deanamh  ach  an  ni  a's 
coir  di.  Ciod  tuilleadh  am  feum  a  ta 
innte? 

Maigh. — Ciod  an  ùine  a  bha  thu 
maille  ris  a'  Mhaighstir  a  dh'  fhàg  thu? 

Pat. — Air  m'  onoir,  cha'n  urrainn 
mi  innseadh.  Chuir  mi  m'  ùine  seachad 
cho  toilichte  'na  sheirbhis  's  nach  do 
ghleidh  mi  ciinntas  air.  Dh'  fheudainn 
teachd  beò  maille  ris  uile  laitheau  mo 
bheatha,  agus  mòran  ni  b'  fhaide  n'an 
tograinn  fein. 

Maigh. — Carson  a  dh'  fhàg  thu  e, 
ma  ta? 

Pat. — Do  bhrigh  gu'n  do  ghabh  mo 
Bhan-mhaighstir  'n  a  ceann  mo  chridhe 
a  bhriseadh.  Cha  tugadh  i  tàmh 
dhomh  a  la  no  dh'  òidhche  ach  'g  am 
chur  thall  'sa  bhos,  a  dheanamh  sud  'sa 


so,  air  chor  's  nach  robh  innleachd 
agam  a  bhi  beo  ni  b'  fhaide  maille  rithe. 

Maigh. — An  ann  mar  sin  a  shàruich- 
eadh  thu,  ged  tha  tha  ag  ràdh  gu'n 
robh  thu  cho  toilichte  agus  sona? 

Pat. — Bha  mi  cho  aoibhneach  'sa 
bha'n  la  cho  fad. 

Maigh. — Nach  robh  do  Mhaighstir 
'n  a  dhuine  ro  uaibhreaeh  àrd  ìnntin- 
neach  ? 

Pat. — 'Se  bha.  An  duine  is  ua- 
bhraiche  'san  rioghachd  air  fad,  oir  cha 
deanadh  e  gniomh  suarach,  salach,  ged 
a  gheibheadh  e  dha  fein  an  cruinne-ce 
mu'n  iadh  a'  ghrian. 

Maigh. — Ciod  a's  aois  duit  a  nis,  mo 
ghille  tapaidh?  Cia  lion  bliadhna  tha 
thu? 

Pat. — Tha  mi  direach  'san  aon  aois 
ri  Morgan  Finnigan.  Eugadh  sinu. 
'san  aon  la,  agus  air  duinn  a  bhi 
seachduin  a  dh'  aois,  tha  cùimhne  agam 
gu'n  do  bhaisteadh  cuideachd  sian  leis 
an  aon  uisge. 

Maigh.-^-Gu'u  teagamh  is  maith  do 
chiiimhne,  oganaich;  ach  innis  domb, 
ma  ta,  ciod  a's  aois  do  Mhorgan 
Finnigan  ? 

Pat. — Cha'n  urrainn  mi  innseadh, 
agus  a  reir  mo  bharail,  cha'n  'eil  e  a'n. 
comas  do  Mhorgan  fein  a'  cheisd  sin  a 
fhreagairt. 

Maigh — An  ann  a'm  Baile-cliath, 
ma  ta,  a  rugadh  tu  ? 

Pat. — Cha'n  ann  idir.  Dh'  fheud- 
ainn  a   bhi   air   mo    bhreith   anns   a' 


258 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


Dara  Mios  a'  Ghearahraidb,  1872. 


bhaile  sin  n'an  tojijrainn  fein,  ach 
b'  fhearr  leam  an  diithaich  ;  agus  ma 
bliios  mi  bcò  gus  am  faigh  mi  bàs,  agus 
m'a  bhios  deagh  ghiulan  agam,  blieir 
mi  an  aire  gu'n  adhlaicear  mi  'san 
sgireachd  far  an  d'  rugadh  mi. 

Maigh. — Ro  cheavt,  ro  cheart, — tha 
mi  'faicinn  giir  tapnidh  an  didlnach 
thu,  agus  gur  ainneamh  do  leithid;  ach 
iunis  domh  an  dean  thu  sgriobhadh  ? 

Pat. — Sgriobhadh  !  Is  mise  a  ni, 
agus  ni  mi  gu  h-ealant'e, — ceart  co 
hiath  'sa  ruitlieas  am  miol  chu  an  deigh 
an  fiieidh  air  na  raointibh. 

Maigii. — Ach  a  nis  innis  domh  ciod 
an  seol  cumanta  air  an  teid  neach  air 
thuras  troimh  an  diithaich  bhòidheach 
so? 

Pat. — Ma  ta,  a'  Mhaighstir  choir, 
tha  'chilis  direach  mar  so, — ma  tlieid 
thu  air  muir,  feumaidh  tu  'dol  air  luing 
sheòlaidhh  no  air  toit-long  ;  ma  theid 
thu  air  tir,  feumaidh  tu  dol  air  carbad, 
no  air  muin-eich  ;  ach  mar  roghnaich 
thu  aon  dliiubh  sin,  cha'n  'eil  ann  duit 
ach  na  casan  a  ghabhail,  agus  coiseach- 
adh  mar  a's  fearr  a  dh'  fheudas  tu, 
gus  an  ruig  thu  ceann  do  shlighe,  biodh 
i  fad  no  goirid. 

Maigih. — An  dencbaidh  thu  fein 
riamh  astar  nior  air  do  chosaibh  ? 

Pat. — Is  mi  nach  deaehaidh.  Cha 
do  choisich  mi  riamh  a  mach  air  tri  no 
ceiihir  cheud  mile  a  null  tarsuing  air 
an  rioghachd ;  ach  rinn  mo  chomh- 
aois  Morgan  Finnigan  Eirinn  a  chois- 
eochd  o  cheann  gu  ceann,  gun  bbiog 
air  a  chois,  gun  bhonaid  air  a  cheann, 
agus  gun  snàtluiinn  eudaich  air  a 
dhruim,  ach  beagan  luideagan  reubta, 
salach,  a  bha  'gabhail  beannachd  le 
aon  a'  chòile. 

INIaigii.— ]\ro  thruaighe  !  Morgan 
bochd,  cha  robh  sin  idir  furasd  dn,  ach 
ciamar  a  chaidh  aige  air  ? 

Pat. — Cliaidh  gu  ro  mhath,  oir  cha 
robh  dith  bidh,  no  dibhc,  no  Icapach 
air,  an  uair  a  bha  teanga  'n  a  cheann, 
agus  taigliean,  agus  tobraichean  arm  an 
tir  na  h-Eirinn. — Mar  cuir  mi  fadal  ort, 


a  Mhaighstir  choir,   dh'  innsinn  sgeul 
beag  dhuit  mu  Mhorgan. 

Maigh. — Each  air  t-aghaidh,  ma  ta, 
agus  innis  ciod  a  dh'  eirich  do'n  truagh- 
an  bhochd. 

Pat. — Bha  e  an  siod  ag  imeachd  gu 
cruaidh  air  rathad  mor  an  righ,  gus  an 
d'rug  e  air  duin'-uasal  a  bha'  coiseachd 
air  thoiseach  air.  An  uair  a  bha  e 
direach  aig  sail  an  duin'-uasail,  ghrad 
thionndaidh  e  mu'n  cuairt,  agus  rug  e 
air  amhaich  air  Morgan,  agus  thubhairt 
e  ann  am  feirge  mhòir  ris,  "  a  mhèirlich 
ghoid  thurao  neapaigin-poca  nam.  agus 
cuiridh  mi  air  ball  do'n  phriosain  thu." 
Eo  mhaith,  ro  mhaith,  a  dhuin'-uasail 
choir,  cha  mhòr  gur  miosa  sin  na  so, 
ach  dean  foigbidinn  beag,  agus  na  bi 
cho  bras,  cha  do  ghoid  mise  oirleach. 
dheth.  Blia'm  fallus  a'  dalladh  an 
duin'-uasail,  le  bhi  'tarruing  Mhorgain 
'na  dheigh,  agus  stad  e  tiota  beag.  Mu 
dlieireadh,  tliug  e  an  ad  aige  bhàrr  a 
chinn  a  tbiormachadh  an  fhalluis.  Ach 
ciod  a  fhuair  e  'san  aid  ach  an  neapaigin- 
poca  a  bha  duil  aig  a  ghoideadh,  Ghrad 
thionndaidh  e  ri  Morgan,  agus  thubhairt 
e  ris,"  Tha  mi  'g  iarraidh  maitheanais 
ort,  a  dhuine  bhochd,  oir  dhit  mi  thu 
gu  neo-chiontach."  "  Cha  ruig  thu 
leas  maitheanas  iarraidh  ormsa,"  a  deir 
Morgan,  "  oir  gliabh  thusa  mise  mar 
mhcirleach,  agus  ghabh  mise  thusa  mar 
dhuin'-uasal,  agus  bha  sinn  'nar  dithis 
air  ar  mealladh  !  "  Thug  an  duin'- 
uasal  le  deagh-ghean  bonn-crùin  da, 
agus  dhealaich  iad. 

Maigii. — Is  lagbach  an  sgeul  sin,  a 
Phat,  agus  bu  tapaidh  am  ballach 
Morgan  'n  a  luideagaibh.  Ach  innis 
domh  a  nis,  ciod  an  t-àm  a's  freagarr- 
aicbc  gu  dol  air  thuras  air  feadh  na 
duthcba  so? 

Pat. — Tha  gu  cinn teach  an  t  am 
anns  am  mo  am  bheil  a  dh'  àirgiod 
aig  duine  'n  a  sporan. 

Maigh. — Gle  clieart,  gle'  cheart,  (a' 
deanamh  gaire)  ach  tlia  duil  agam  gu'ra 
bheil  na  ratliadan  mora  'san  diilhaich 
so  gle  fhurasd  imeachd. 


Dara  Mios  a'  Ghe»mhraidh,  1872. 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


259 


Pat — Gle  fhurasd  gun  teagamh  ma 
phàighear  na  cis-glieataichean  a  ta  co 
tiugh  air  an  suidheachadh,  mar  astar 
ochd  mile  o  cheile,  air  gach  slighe  'san 
riòghacbd. 

Maigh. — Dh'  ìnnsèadh  dhomh  gu'm 
bheil  àireamh  mòragaibh  dhe'n  chrodh 
adhairceach  'san  tir  so.  Am  bheil  sin 
ceart? 

Pat. — An  iad  na  seilcbeagan  a  ta 
thu  a'  ciàllachadh  ? 

Maigh. — Cha'n  iad,  cha'n  iad  idir, 
an  crodh-dubh  tha  mi  'ciallachadh. 

Pat. — An  crodh-dubh  !  Tha'n  crodh 
againn  deth  gach  dath,— dubh,  geal, 
buidhe,  ban,  odhar,  riabhach,  agus  deth 
gach  dath  agus  dreach  eile  fo'n  ghrein. 

Maigh — Ach  tha  duil  agam  gu'm 
bheil  e  'g  uisge  tuilleadh  a's  trie  ann  an 
Eirinn. 

Pat. — 'Se  sin  tha  na  h-uile  neach  ag 
ràdh  ;  ach  is  comadh  co  dhiubh,  cha'n 
fhad  gus  an  tig  crioch  air  sin,  oir 
gheall  an  duine  maith  O'Connell  gu'n 
robh  e  gu  achd  Parlamaid  a  thoirt  a 
staigh  air  son  turaidh  agus  aimsire 
bhlath,  agus  gheibh  'anam  e.  Guidh- 
idh  mòran  gu'n  teid  a'  chilis  leis,  gu 
sònraichte  luchd  buaineadh  na  mòine 
agus  an  fiieòir.  Guidhidh  na  h-uile 
gu'n  tuit  mile  beannachd  air  a  cheann. 

Maigh. — Air  duibh  mòran  aibhnich- 
ean  grinn'  a  blii  agaibh  'san  rioghachd 
so,  shaoilinn  gu'm  biodh  pailteas  eisg 
agaibh  an  còmhnuidh. 

Pat. — Pailteas  dhe'n  iasg  is  fearr  a 
fhliuch  riamh  uisge!  A  cheud  iasg 
air  an  talarah  ach  e  fein  !  Gu'n  tea- 
gamh, a  Mbaighstir,  cha'n  innis  mi 
breug  dhuit,  ach  n'aai  biodh  tu  aig 
abhainn  Bhorjne  gheibheadh  tu  na 
bradain  agus  na  brie  a  nasgaidh  ; 
agus  n'an  rachadh  tu  gu  Baileshanaidh, 
gheibheadh  tu  iad  air  moran  ni's  lugha  ! 

Maigh. — Is  leòir  sin,  ma  ta,  biomaid 
a  nis  a'  falbh. 

Sgiathanach. 


BRASAILTE. 

Do  Choinneach  MacLeòid. 

Fear  na  Tobrach,  'an  Strath- 

Feothair. 
Tliachair  do  bhean  an  ùghdair  a  bhi 
beagan  sheachduinean  aig  tobraichean 
iocshlainteach  Shrath-Feothair.  Re 
na  h-uine  sin,  bha  i  fuireach  ann  an 
taigh  I\Ihic-Leòid,a  nochd  mòrchaoimh- 
neas  d'i  ;  's  o'n  bha  teist  muiuntir 
eile,  a  bha  mion  eòlach  air  ag  co-chòrd- 
adh  anns  gach  seadh  ri  na  thaisbein  e 
dh'  i  fein  smuanaich  mi  na  rainn  so 
'chur  ri  cheile  mar  chuimhneachan  air 
'fhiiiphantachd,  's  air  iomadalachd  a 
bhuadhan. 

Tha  m'aigneadh,    's    mo    chonn,   's    a' 
cheòh'aidh  air  bhonn, 
Gu-n  togair  learn  fonn  òrain, 
'S  o  'n   tha  sinn    clio  reidh,  gu-n  teid 
mi  air  ghleus, 
'S  gu  seinnear  leam  seis  sholais 
Do  'n  fiiiiiran  gun  ghiamh,  fhiughan- 
tach,  fhial, 
Leadanach,  chiabh  òr-bhuidh', 
'S  min-dhcirge  da  ghruaidh  mar  chaor- 
runn  'g  am  buain, 
'S  nan  Hop  tha  air  shnuadh  ro^an. 
A  Choinnich  dheis,  òig,  o  bhroilleach 
shil  Leòid, 
'S  na  «?hiiinich  na  seoid  ainmeil, 
'Nuair  ghluaiseadh  an  sloigh  fo  bbrat- 
aichean  sròii, 
Bu  f  hlatliail  am  por  meanmnach, 
'S  torman  nam  piob  a'  borbadh  an  spid, 

A'  tarruing  gu  stri  armaibh, 
'S  mu  'm  piUeadh  o  'n  àr  bhiodh  cis 
air  an  narah, 
'S  e  sud  'n  an  cuid  blàr  'dhearbh  iad. 
Tha  thu  o  d'òig,  'rèir  feartan  do  sheòrs', 

ceanalta,  coir,  uasai, 
Faicilleach,    ceart,    taitneach,    's    gach 
heart, 
Rodlioiuhain'arabeachd-smuaintean, 
Aoidheil  gun  stiirr,  caoimhneil  gun  liib, 

Fileanta,  ciuin,  suairce, 
Subhach  gun  chron,  sicir  gun  Ion, 
'S  theid  beannachd  nam  bochd  'suas 
leat. 


260 


AN     GAIDHEAL.  Dara  MIos  a- Ghef.mhraidh, 


'S  fliad  dh'  imich  do  chliù,  's  bi  'dh  tu 
fo  nihùirn, 
'G  ad  shireadh  'an  cuirt  uaislean, 
'S  tu  cridheil  mu  bhòrd,  's  a'  lionadli 
nan  corn, 
2si  thu  gach  bròn  f  huadach  ; 
Dannsair  air  làr  ionnsuicthe  'tha, 

Briosg,  sgiobalta,  sàr-f  huasgailt'; 
Ceol  gu  do  reir,  's  boidheach  do  chrc 

Ri  ruidhle  nan  ceum  luatlia. 
Gur  gile  do  clmeas  na  cobhar  nan  eas, 
'S  na  cuitlie  'ni  sneachd  aon  oidhch'; 
'S  gur  binne  do  gbuth  na  coisir  nam 
bruth, 
'S  a'  mhadainn  ri  mocli  aoradli : 
Gu-n   dheothail    thu  run    mhaighdean 
na  dùlhch' 
Le  mealladh  do  ghniiis  fhaoiltich, 
'S    tlia    cuid    dhiubb    fo    bbron    's    a 
bhitheas  ri  'm  beò, 
A'  cumba  fo  leon  gaoil  dut. 
'Kuair  tbeid    thu   do   'n   bbeinn  le   d' 
gbunna  tba  grinn, 
Gur  moch  thu  's  na  glinn  àrda, 
'S   do    mhiol-choinn    'n    an   deann    a' 
dÙ3gadh  nam  mang, 
'S  a'  cuibhleadh  nan  seann  hln-damh. 
Gur  fui] teach  do  thriall  a'  toUadh  nam 
bian, 
A'  leagail  nam  fiadh  crù-dhearg, 
'S   gur    trie    thug   thu   leat   o    iocbdar 
nan  eas, 
Am  bradan,  's  am  breac  tàrr-ghcal. 
Coisnidh  tu  reis  le  taghadh  do  steud, 
Tba  spioradail,  trcun,  uaibbreacb, 
'S  e  circanach,  :lrd,  uchd-fharsuinn,  bin, 

Mòr-sbuileach,  àill,  cluas-gbeur, 
Cuinneineach,     mòr,    cruinn    anns    a' 
bbruig, 
Mas-lcatlian,  beo,  cnnachd-bbcag, 
Lag-mhuingeach,  gann,  tiugh-earblacb, 
teann, 
Dircach  's  gach  ball,  's  Inaineacb. 
Cha-n  aithme  dhomh  cuchd  'ni  duinc 
fo  n'  glrein, 
Nach  fhaighcartharcbeud  buaidbleat, 
"S  a  dh-aindeoin  gach  piiirt  'Ihuair  thu 
thar  cbaich, 
Cha  chluinnear  gu  brath  uaill  ort. 


Choisinn  thu  toirt  bheartach  'us  bhochd, 

'S  ni  iad  le  raoit  luaidli  ort ; 
'S  bhrigh  d'  uaisle  ri  m"  Chcil'  guidhidh 
mi  fein, 
Sonas  'us  re  buan  dhut. 

Locn-AiLLSE. 


To  the  Editor  of  "The  Gael." 

Inveraray  Castle,  October  31,  1S72. 

Sir, — The  following  Gaelic  poem  is 
copied  from  a  manuscript  found  yes- 
terday, amongst  a  large  and  valuable 
collection  of  old  papers,  given  lately 
by  Mr  Campbell,  of  Sonachan,  to  the 
Duke  of  Argyll.  The  manuscript  is 
on  quarto  paper,  written  in  a  band  of 
last  century,  with  an  English  rendering 
opposite  to  the  Gaelic.  The  song  ap- 
pears to  be  a  genuine  composition  of 
1528.  Like  other  Gaelic  poems  of 
this  period,  the  language  tends  towards 
current  northern  Irish  dialects.  The 
spelling,  accents,  and  other  marks,  are 
copied.  With  the  aid  of  the  Eev.  Mr 
MacPherson,  and  after  questioning 
Inv.eraray  boatmen  as  to  the  meaning  of 
some  technical  words,  I  have  attempted 
to  make  a  close  translation,  which  1 
have  now  the  honour  to  send,  with  a 
copy  of  the  song. 

It  is  interesting,  because  it  gives  a 
portrait  of  an  ancient  west  country 
expedition.  They  launch  their  boats, 
they  step  their  masts,  they  hoist  a  square 
sail,  make  the  tack  of  the  lug  sail  fast 
to  the  weather  cat-bead,  set  a  foresail 
("scoid-lin"),  and  beat  to  windward, 
using  oars.  This  picturesque  old 
navy  of  Loch  Fyne  was  very  lil 
the  modern  herring  fleet  for  size  and 
rig.  Such  boats  are  commonly  sculp- 
tured on  tombstones,  and  are  blazoned 
on  coats  of  arms.  It  is  curious  also  to 
note  the  small  Gaelic  equivalents  for 
great  titles,  and  their  value  when 
translated.  The  title  of  "  Riogb," 
which  the  learned  bard  gave  to  the 
Earl  whom  he  chose  for  laudation,  was 
given  to  a  great  many  petty  chiefs  in 


Dara  Mios  a'  Gheamhraldh,  1872. 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


261 


Ireland,  and  in  Scotland,  and  clearly  is 
the  word  "Raja."  When  given  to  the 
Irish  monarch,  who  ruled  at  Tara  over 
five  provincial  kings,  they  added  a  word 
to  make  the  title  "  High  King "  (Ard 
Eigh).  When  given  to  a  great  monarch 
in  the  East,  they  add  a  similar  word  to 
make  the  title  "Great  King"  ("Maha 
Raja").  Riogh,  therefore,  meant  a 
country  gentleman  of  old.  Such  titles 
as  "  General,"  "Lord  High  Justiciar," 
"  Warden  of  the  Marches,"  &c.,  in  like 
manner  dwindle  when  turned  into 
Gaelic.  I  have  tried  to  give  equivalent 
words  in  translating  the  poem  which 
follows,  but  I  am  not  quite  sure  that  I 
have  rendered  the  whole  correctly. 

The  following  is  a  quotation  from 
Buchanan.  Vol.  II..  seventh  edition. 
1799.     R  153  :— 

"  And  whereas,  the  King  had  no 
great  confidence  in  the  Hamiltons  as 
being  friends  to  his  enemies,  and  was 
also  offended  at  tliem  upon  the  account 
of  the  slaughter  of  John  Stuart,  Earl 
of  Lennox ;  and,  besides,  there  being 
none   of   the   nobility  of  the   adjacent 


for  that  service,  at  last  he  resolved  to 
send  Colin  Campbell  with  an  army 
against  the  rebels,  a  person  living  in 
the  furthest  parts  of  the  kingdom,  but 
a  prudent  man,  of  approved  valour, 
and,  upon  account  of  his  justice,  very 
popular.  The  Douglasses,  when  the 
Hamiltons  and  the  rest  of  their  friends 
failed  them,  were  reduced  to  great 
straits,  so  that  they  were  compelled  by 
Colin,  and  by  George,  Chief  of  the 
Humes,  to  retire  like  exiles  intoEngland, 

"  In  the  month  of  October,  two  emi- 
nent knights  came  ambassadors  from 
the  King  of  England  about  a  peace 
which,  though  earnestly  desired  by 
both  Kings,  yet  they  could  scarce  find 
out  the  way  to  conclude  upon  it.  .  .  ." 

From  this  it  appears  that  the  ballad 
is  historical,  so  far  as  it  goes  with  the 
history  of  George  Buchanan.  It  also 
agrees  with  entries  in  Irish  annals. 
Unless  my  recollection  is  at  fault,  this 
Colin  Campbell  is  mentioned  there  as 
a  generous,  hospitable  man,  who  gave 
gifts  to  learned  scribes  and  bards. — I 
am,  your  obedient  servant, 

J.  F.  Campbell. 


party  that  had  power  or  interest  enough 

AN  ODE  OR  SONNET 
(Copy.) 
Composed  by  a  Highland  Bard  in  honour  of  Colin,  3rd  Earl  of  Argyle,  in  the 
reign  of  King  James  5th,  Anno  1528,  upon  his  being  appointed  by  the  king 
to  command  an  expedition  against  the  Douglasses,  then  in  rebellion  on  the 
borders.  Buchanan,  B  14  Ch.  gives  account  of  this  expedition,  with  a  beau- 
tiful and  noble  character  of  this  Colin. 

1. 

Trialfa  mi  le  m'Dhuanaig  ullamh 

Go  Riogh  Ghaoihdeal, 
Fear  ag  am  hi  'm  baile  toitheamhil, 

Sonna  saidhbhin. 
2. 
Triach  Erragaoidheal  is  fearr  bhfaicean 

Is  mo  maitheas 
Callen  liarla  faoi  cluidh 

Se  is  fial  Flaitheas. 

Amhal  iiasal  fairsin  freamhach 
Dan  cubhaigh  moladh 


I'll  wend  with  my  finished  ditty, 
ToaGa3licKing[Riogh]: 

A  man  whose  town  has  many  a  fire- 
Happy  and  wealthy.  [smoke, 
2. 

The  Lord  of  Argyll  is  best  to  look  on, 
Of  greatest  goodness; 

Colin  the  Earl,  well  reputed, 
Is  pride  of  nobles. 

3. 
Noble  apple-tree,  widely  rooted, 
Who  is  praiseworthy; 


262 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


Dara  Mios  a'  Gfiearahrnidh,  1872 


Crann  is  uire  dhas  roimli  Thalamh 

Lau  do  tLoradli. 
4. 
Seabhag  is  uasle  tbeid  sna  neulamh 

Crann  thar  chrannuibh  tbu 
Mac  Ratb  tbu  cbum  Dia  go  ullamb 

Don  cleir  Ealadbann. 

0. 

Mar  leomhan  neimbneadb  neartmbuii* 

An  am  trioblaid  tbu  [laidir 

Beg  nacb  deacbuidb  Alba  ar  udbmbal 
Gus  an  do  tbeasrig  tbu. 
G. 
An  tratb  tbrialfas  Callen  larla 

Is  a  sbluagb  bunnidb 
Curfar  leis  air  Fairge  o'  cbaladh 
Cabblacb  ullamb. 
7. 
Loingeas  leatban  laidir  liicbdmbiir 

Dealbbthacb  dbianach 
Is  sleambiiinadb  Slias  dbol  san  tiaradb 
Dar-cbruadb  rambacb. 
8. 
Togar  an  sin  no  geal  cbroinn  cborrach 

Suas  le'n  lonadb 
Is  iomdlia  Balle  gu  teann  ga  deanamb 
An  am  dboibb  Seoiladb. 
9. 
Dheantar  an  slaogh  dbireach  dualacb 

Mar  bhraigb  thosuigh 
Togar  na  seuil  mbor  le  maisa 
Le  scoid-lin  crosacb. 
10. 
Dheantar  'n  cluas  san  cbicb  tosaigb 

Dbol  san  uaradb 
Mar    Steid  ro  luath  i,   srutb   ga  sar- 
aigb 
'S  muir  ga  bualadb. 
11. 
A  leuid  Laocb    fulingeacb  meanmnacb 

Dorn-geal  trcitbacb 
Imrudb  lub  air  a  bàlach 
Socairacb  seidtbracb. 
12. 
An   deadb   sluadb    Honmhur  faoi   Ian 
O'mbarcùigb  rcambra  [armidii 

Air  a  dheis  laimh  do  anan   neart   na 
Aige  Riogb  Alba.         [Dbuibbnacb* 
*  (gloss)  Campbells. 


Noblest  tree  tbat  grew  tbrougb  eartb's 
Full  fruit  bearing.  [mould, 

4. 
Noblest  falcon  tbat  soars  to  cloudland, 
Tree  above  trees  tbou;  [ready 

Son  of  good  fortune,  wbom  God  kept 
For  learned  clerks  [instructed  bards]. 
5. 
As  a  fierce  lion,  strong  and  migbty, 

In  troubled  time  tbou; 
Scarce  but  Scotland  went  to  I'uin, 
Till  tbou  aided. 

6. 
The  morn  tbat  Colin  the  Earl  marches, 

And  bis  people; 
By  him  is  put  on  sea  from  harbour, 
A  full  flotilla. 

7. 

Broad-beamed  shipping,  strong,  great 

Tight,  and  shapely;  [burdened, 

Of  slipperiest  sides  to  go  to  -windward, 

Oak-bard,  oared. 

8 

Then  are  lifted  the  white  masts  swaying, 

Up  with  their  gearing: 
Many's  the  rope  tbat  is  being  made  fast, 
What  time  they're  sailing. 
9. 
Their  straight  cables  are  made  colled, 

To  top  tbefo'k'stle; 
The  great  sails  are  raised  in  beauty, 
With  foresails  crossing. 
10. 
Their  ears  are  made  fast  in  the  fore- 
bosom  [cat-bead], 
To  go  to  windward  ; 
As  a  right  swift  steed   she,   tide  ex- 
Sea  her  beating.  [bausting, 
11. 
Iler  crew  of  haughty,  enduring  heroes, 

Wliite  fisted,  hardy; 
Would  make  a  bond  in  her  oar-banks; 
Steadily  breathing. 
12. 
The  excellent  numerous  host  full  armed, 

From  rich  mark  lands  [? markets]; 
At   his    right    ever  the   power  of   the 
Has  the  King  of  Alba.   [Duibhnach, 


Dwft  Mios  a'  Gheamhraidh,  1872. 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


263 


13. 

Le  laigh  a  chartas  's  nuair  i  b'  eigin 

Le  cruadli  cbogadh 
Bhuain  sibh  buaidb  's  'a  sibh  oirdheiric 
'S  fhuar  sibh  Tosach. 
14. 
Ni   aithnidb    dbamsa    bbur    cairdin    a 
Ga  fairsin  'ra  eolas  [raach 

Ach'  sro  cbintadba  gu  'neiridh  leatsa 
Mac  Leod  Leoghes. 
15 
Fuil  Mhic  Intosich  gu  ullamh 

Feaclitiia  Mliic  Imidh 
Mairg  air  an  leagudh  iad  'mbuilean 
An  am  Lann  imirt. 
16 
Clan  na  Leoin  gu  laidir  lionmliur 

O'n  Fhion  mhullach 
An  Dream  thug  buaidh  an  s'gach  beal- 
ach 
'S  bfearr  fuirach. 
17 
Brollacb    Clan  Doaihniiil   ort  a  feith- 
eamh 
Dun  cliu  buaidh  lathairach 
Uaslin  luse  Gall  gu  coimblion 
Fir  gun  aUin. 


18 

faoi 


an   Kiogh 


Fhuar   thu    sud 
b'arrigh 
Bhi  d'  ard  chean  bheirt 
Air  fearibh  Alba  is  bhi  d'ard  Ereith- 
mhiir 
Neithe  is  annama. 
19 
Ata  thu  d'ard-fliear  gleidh  agus  coim- 
Air  an  Crioch  thall  [head 

Rainig  's  bhuaidh  thar  bhur  naaihiii- 
duin 
'S  fhuair  thu  siothcheaut 
20 
Air  ard-comhairle  na  Alba 

S  tu  stuir  uile 
Do  cho  mhaith  ni  n'  dhuarfas  an  sean 
nachus 
0  lin  Uilliam 


13. 

With  hands  of  justice,  and,  when 'twas 

^  With  hard  fighting;  [needed, 

Ye  won  victory,  and  ye  are  honoured, 

And  got  the  lead. 

14. 

Unl<nown  to  me  are  all  your  allies, 

Though  wide  my  knowledge; 
But  sure  it  is  that  he'll  rise  with  thee, 
MacLeod  of  Lewes. 
15. 
The  Macintosh  Blood  ever  ready, 

The  hosts  of  Mac  Imidh  [Lovat]. 
Woeworth    on   whom  they    may  drop 
Li  the  blade  play.  '[their  Hows 

16. 
Tribe  of  the  Leoin,  strong  and  plen- 
teous, [MacLean] 
From  the  white  hill  top  ; 
The  branch  that  won  battle  in  every 
Of  best  endurance.  [pass, 
17. 
The    Breast   of    Clan    Domhnuil  are 
waiting  on  thee, 
Whose  style  is  "  Victorious."* 
Gentles  of  the  Gentile  Isles  together, 
Men  undaunted. 


18. 


and 


That  got'st  thou  from  the  King, 
earned  it, 
To  be  high  chieftain 
O'er  the  men  of  Alba  and  High  Brehon, 
In  gear  and  lives  [Souls  (?)  matters 
ecclesiastical  and  civil]. 
19. 
Thou  art  high  keeper  and  watcher 

On  yonder  marches  ; 
Thou  camest  and  overcamest  thy  foe- 
men, 
And  gottest  peace  words. 
20. 
Over  the  high  Council  of  Alba 

Thou  did'st  steer  all; 
Of  such  a  worthy  no   story  was  got- 
ten, 
Since  the  time  of  William 


*  To  whom  is  the   honour  Victory-in- 
stricken-field-ish. 


264 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


Dnra  Mios  a'  Gheamhraidh,  1S7:J 


21 

21. 

Uallas  !  Flath  na  Fear  gun  coimhnihoas 

Wallace  !  chief  of  men,  unequalled 

A  measg  Dhaoiiie 

Amongst  mankind  ; 

Calen  na  d'aighsan  gun  coimhmlicas 

Colin,  after  him,  is  peerless, 

An  Tliiarla  uirach. 

That  noble  Earl. 

22 

22. 

Giodh  gu  ro  mlioi-  d'  iuuimlie  d'ainm  's 

Though  right  great  thy  rank,  thy  name, 

t'onnoir 

and  honour, 

'Smo  do  gliocas 

Greater  thy  wisdom ; 

Rinn  thu  bunn  a  steidh  na  firiuine 

Thou  hast  inwardly  rooted  the  truth 

'Is  a  cheartas. 

And  justice. 

23 

23. 

Ehinnadar  leat  dlighe  ceart 

By  thee  was  given  righteous  judgment 

Do  lag  's  do  laidir 

To  weak  and  strong  ; 

Beannachdgach  aon  Duinead'cuideaclid 

Bless  each  Duine  in  thy  host, 

Gall  us  Gaoidheal 

Celt  and  Stranger. 

24 

2L 

An  Tathair  cumhaclidach  d'  Gleidh 

The  Mighty  Father  keep  thee. 

Is  a  Mac  Fireune 

And  the  Son  of  Truth, 

An'  Spiroid  noamh  'diain  do  nair 

The  Holy  Spirit,  guard  thy  fame, 

A  Riogh  Loch  fine. 

King  of  Lochfine. 

25 

25. 

Ni    'n    dhfuaras    do  choimlimliaith  do 

Ne'er  was  found  thine  equal  as  patron, 

Is  ni  mo  iarrfuidheas             [Gurrain 

Nor  is  sought  for; 

A  chean  na  Fear  bu  fhailt  a  churam 

Oh  !  head  of  men  of  heavy  cares, 

Leat  do  trialfam. 

I'll  wend  with  thee. 

N.B. — Verse  15.  The  Mac  Intoshcs,  instead  of  the  common  appellation  of  Clan- 
intosh,  chose  to  call  themselves  in  the  Gaelic  Language  Fuil  Mhic  Intoshich — The 
Blood  of  Macintosh,  by  way  of  eminence. 

{Music  as  written  in  the  manuscript.) 


i 


i=i=f^ 


*:i: 


:^ 


t-^^ 


f^*: 


szizszi: 


-^^^ 


^m 


OIDIICIIE 
FniR  MO  CimiDiiE, 

Ceadaich  dhomh 
focal  no  dha  'chur  sios  mu  oidhche 
Shamhna.  Ma  chi  thu  nach  cur  iad 
mi-chliu  air  do  Giiaidiieal  maiscach, 
bi'  mise  gle  thoilichte  ma  bhcir  thu 
oisinn  doibh,  oir  tha  mi  an  droch  staid, 
agus  ma  tha  leigheas  domh  air  thalamh, 
'si  mo  bheachd  gur  h-ann  am  measg 
lucbd-leughaidh  A'  Ghaidhcil  a  gheobh 
mi  e,  air  an  aobhar  sin  bi  tròcaireacb, 
mar  bu  dual  duit  o  d'  shinnsearan. 


SHAMHNA. 

Mar  tha  fios  agad-sa,  tha  mi  guu 
cheile,  agus,  a  reir  cleachdadh  mo 
dhuthcha,  smaoinich  mi  gu'm  feuch- 
ainn  de  'm  fortan  a  bha  romhara,  air 
oidhche  shamhna.  Le  sin  na  mo 
bheachd  dh'fhalbh  mi  fein  agus  mo 
charaid  "  Mac-Shimidh,"  gu  taigh  sean 
bhoircannach  a  tha  'san  iute  leis  an 
clcachdach  a  bhi  leughadh  na'n  copan : 
ach  air  an  oidhche  seo,  's  ann  a  bha  i 
'leughadh  na'n  uibhean.  Bha  triuir 
nighean  as  teach  maille  rithe,  agus  gach 


>ara  Mios  a'  Gheamhraidh,  1872. 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


265 


f;  dhiubh  air  "  bhiod,"  air  son  a  fortan 
chluinntinn.  Cha  bu  luaithe  'iàinig 
nne  na  ruith  an  triuir  a  mach  air  an 
lorus  chuil ;  agus,  ma  dh'  innseas  mi 
ki  fliirinn  duit-se,  'Ghaidheil  ion- 
tbuinn,  cha  robh  sinne  bronach,  oir 
pha  bu  toigh  leinn  a  bhi  'g  eisdeachd 
na  caillich  a'  leughadh  nan  uibh- 
ean,  agus  gu  'n  robh  sinn  cinnteach 
gu'm  bitheadh  na  caileagan  a'  magadh 
a  ris  oirn.  Bhrist  a'  chailleach  ubh, 
agus  gu  ciiiamach  leag  i  leis  a'  gheal- 
agan  ruith  don  ghloinne  (aig  an  am 
cheudna  gle  thoitheach  nach  gluaisedh 
am  buidheagan,  oir  na  'n  tuiteadh 
boinne  dheth  'sa'  ghloinne  maille  ris  a' 
ghealagan  's  ris  an  uisge,  cha  bhiodh 
a'  chuis  cho  math).  An  deigh  do'n 
ghealag'an  a  bhi  mar  bu  nihiannach 
leis  a'  chaillich,  chuir  i  a  bois  air  beul 
nagloinne,'s  chrath  ii  gu  h-iollagachaig 
an  am  cheudna  'g  ainmeachadh  araon 
"Mhic-Shimidh"  (air  ainm  's  air  a  shloi- 
nneadb)  agus  an  fliir  nach  tig-  an 
comunn  nan  criosduidhean.  Leag  i  'n 
sin  leis  na  bha  'sa'  ghloinne  stòladh,  's 
shin  i-fhein  air  aithris  rann  no  ubag 
air  chor-eigin.  Leugh  i  'ghloinne,  's 
dh'  innis  i  do  "  Mhac-Shimidh,"  ni, 
ma  tha  e  fior,  a  ni  'na  dhuine 
sona  e,  cho  ftida  's  a  bhios  'anail  a' 
dol  sios  a's  suas.  Air  a  mhodh 
cheudna,  leugh  i  mo  gldoinne-se,  ach 
's  duilich  learn  nach  d'thug  i  misneachd 
sa  bith  dhomh.  Dh'fhalbh  sinn  an  sin 
a  taigli  na  caillich  a's  dhealaich  mi- 
fein  's  "  Mac-Shiraidh,"  agus  chaidh 
mi  do  thaigh  eile,  agus  air  dhomh  dol 
as  teach,  bha  fear  ann  an  sin  'sa  cheann 
gu  ruig  a  ghuaillean  ann  am  ballan 
uisge,  feuchain  an  tugadh  e  sia  sgillinn 
de  'glirunnd.  Theirteadh  na'n  tugta 
an  t-sia  sgillinn  a  grunnd  a'  bhallain 
uisge,  leis  na  fiaclan,  gu'm  faigheadh  a 
neach  a  dheanadh  sin  ceile,  luath  no 
mall.  Chuir  mi  fhein  mo  cheann  'san 
uisge,  agus  gach  uair  a  dh'fheuchainn 
ri  chur  fodha,  thigeadh  an  aileag 
orm,  's  ged  a  Ì)hithinn  a'  stri  ris  an 
t-sia    sgillia    a   thogail   fhathasd    cha 


bhithinn  dad  n'a  b'f  hearr ;  agus  sgur 
mi,  oir  bha  e  cho  fasa  dhomh  snaoisean 
fhaighinn  o  "DhòmhnuU  na  Gealaich" 
'sa  bha  e  dhomh  greim  a  dheanarah 
air  an  t-sia  sgillinn.  Dh'  fhiach  mi  n 
sin  ri  ubhall  a  thoirt  as  a'  bhallan,  ach 
cha  b'e  dad  a  b'fhasa  dheanamh  :  a's 
gheill  mi.  Chuireadh  an  sin  brat  air 
m'eudainn,  gus  an  robh  mi  cho  dall  ri 
fàth ;  agus  chuireadh  tri  triunnsairean 
air  mo  bhial-thaobh — fear  falamh,  fear 
Ian  adh  uisge  glan,  agus,  le  do  chead- 
sa,  am  fear  eile  Ian  adh  uisge  salach. 
Bha  agam  ri  mo  lamh  a  chur  ann  am 
fear  diubh,  agus  a  reir  an  fhir  'san 
cuirinn  i,  bha  m'  fhortan'  'sa  bheatha 
SCO  gu  bhi  air  a  thaisebanadh.  Tri 
uairean  an  deigh  cheile,  chuir  mi  mo 
lamh  's  an  triunnsair  f  halamh ;  as  le 
corraich  tbilg  mi  am  brat  de  m' 
aghaidh.  Fhuair  mi  an  sin  ubhall 
agus  chaidh  mi  leis  gus  an  sgathan; 
oir  chuala  mi,  na'n  ithinn  ubhall  ag 
coimhead  ris  an  sgathan  agus  coinneal 
a'  lasadh  na  m'  lamh  chli,  gu'm  faicinn 
iomhaidh  mo  leannain.  llinn  mi  mar 
dh'iarradh  orm,  ach  an  truaighe  iomh- 
aidh a  chunnaic  mise  ach  m'  iomhaidh 
fein !  Shin  iad  an  sin  air  losgadh 
chnothan ;  's  a  cliiad  dithis  a  loisg 
iad  (Mac-Shimidh  's  a  mhaighdeann) 
"ghabh"  iad  cho  aillidh  agus  gu'n 
eilticheadh  tu-fein  riutha  'Ghaidheil. 
Loisgeadh  an  seo  mi-feiii  agus  an  te  air 
an  robh  mi  'n  toir  o  ghliin  mo  mhathar 
— 's  mo  loisgeadh,  "ghabh"  mise,  's 
"chrag"  ise.  Cha  b'urrainn  mi 
seasamh  ris  a'  chorr,  's  dh'fhag  mi 
'n  taigh  le  corraich  agus  thug  mi  'n 
iolainn  orm,  a  spionadh  dhias  as  a' 
chruaich  choirce.  Bha  fadal  mòr  orm 
gus  an  tigeadh  an  dias,  agus  mi  'n 
dochas  gu'm  biodh  i  tarbhach,  torrach, 
ach,  mo  dhiubhail !  cha  robh  aon  siallan 
oirre !  As  an  iolainn  thug  mi  'n  ath 
orm,  agus  thilg  mi  ceirsle  shnatha 
'ghoid  mi  air  mo  mhathair,  suas  do 
chro  na  h-athainn,  a's  dh'eigh  mi,  "  co 
tha  siod  air  ceann  mo  shnathain  ?"  ach 
cha  d'fhuair  mi  freagairt ;  a's  gu  dubh- 


2G6 


AN  GATDHEAL. 


Dara  Mios  a'  Gheamhraidh,  187!. 


cliridlicach  b'eiginn  tillcadh  dacliaidh. 
A'  del  dachaidh  smaonaich  mi  air 
oidheirp,  eadhon  an  oidlieirp  dlieirean- 
naich  :  mo  mhuilicheann  a  bhogadli 
aim  an  allt  sa  bith  air  an  robh  beo 
a's  marbh  a'  dol  seachad.  Rinn  mi 
seo,  cbaidli  mi  dbacbaidli,  as  cbaidii 
mi  'laidlic.  Cbuir  mi  mo  mbuiiiclicann 
fliiicb  fo  mo  cbeann  agus  mi  'n  dull 
gu'm  bruadairicbinn  air  ailleag  air 
chor-eigin  ;  acb  clia  do  bbriiadair,  agus 
air  dbomb  eiridb  'sa' mhaduinn  bba  mi 
"sgith,  trom,  airtneulacb." 

Nis  a  Gbaidbeil  ionmbuinn  db'innis 
mi  dbiiit  mar  dh'eiricb  dbomb  oidbcbe 
sbambna.  Db'  fbeucb  mi  gacb  ni 
airson  fios  fbaigbinn  air  ciod  an  seorsa 
mnatba  bba  mbanadb  orm,  acb  cba  d' 
fbuair  mi  am  fios  sin ;  agus  ciod  a 
ni  mi  ?  Cba  bu  mbatb  learn  a  bbi  na 
mo  sbeann  fbleasgacb,  agus  sin  gu  b- 
araid  o'n  tba  'n  seau-fbocal  ag  radb 
"gur  fada  bu  cboir  dol  a  db'fluiichin 
fear  nacb  fbaigbeadbbcan."  Tlicagamli 
gu'm  faigbinn-se  te,  acb  'se  'm  mi- 
shealbh  a  bb'orm  riabb — an  te  a 
gheohhainn  cha  ghabhai/in.  Bba  mi  'n 
toir  air  iomadb  te,  acb  de  dbeth  sin, 
cha  ghabbadb  iad  mi.  An  nis  a 
Gbaidbeil  sbuairce  tuigeas  tu-fein  mo 
staid,  a's  tbeagarab  gu'n  cur  tbu  focal 
matb  as  teacb  air  mo  slion  ri  aon  dc  na 
b-oigbean  maiseacb  a  tba  leugbadb  do 
GnAiDiiEAL.  Ma  gbeobb  tbu  eolas 
air  te  a  sbaoileas  tu  'tbaitneas  rium, 
abair  ritbe  gur  anu  innte-se  tha  'n  eis, 
's  nacb  ann  annam-sa ;  's  ma  shaoileas 
tu  gu'm  bi  i  coma-co-dbiii,  abair,  mar 
tliuirt  Uilleam  Ros. 

Nach  ciiis  gbrain  agus  mbi-tlioirt 

Seann  nighean  gun  sgiamb, 
'N  a  briogaid  gun  mbiagli, 

'S  nacb  iarrair  a  pog! 
Bi'  'b-aodann  air  casadh, 

Bi'  'fait  air  fas  liatb, 
Bi  cam-cbar  'n  a  bial 

A's  fiar  char  'n  a  sroin  ; 
Wfian  sJie'll  lohiite  and  irpine 

Clia  bbi  loinn  tuille  dli'  i, 


Not  a  kiss  a  gbeobb  is' — 
She  II  be  meas  cumanta, 
Gun  cbeile,  gim  leannan, 
Gun  teallach,  gun  tuai*, 
'N  a  seasg-cbaillicb  tbruaigh, 
Fo  smuairean,  's  fo  bbron  ! 
Na     di-cbuimhnich      m'     atbcbuinge'. 
Seall  njo  dhealbb  do  the  sa  bitb  leis  anc 
miannacb    fbaicinn !       Cuir    seo    'sa 
Gbaidbeal ;    agus,    creid    gur    mi    do_ 
cliaraid  seasmbach 

Mac-Dhomhnuill  Duibh. 
Uig,  XL  Mios,  1872. 

SGRIOS  NAM  PIOCACH. 
Bno  Aon  AS  Macaonai^,  Craoiteak, 

SMEARCLEIT,  UlST- a'-ChINN-A'-DeAS. 

[Sgriobbta  le  Alasdair  G.  MacGille- 
Mbicbeil,  air  an  13mb  la  de  cbeud 
mbios  na  bliadbna,  18G5,] 

Bha  uigb  aig  Rigb  Coinneacb  cuir 
as  do  na  Piocacb.  Sbuidhicb  e  iomadh. 
doigb  air  an  sgrios,  acli  cba  deacbaidh 
leis.  Bba  a  mhac  dombain  'sa'  cbeann 
agus  sbuidbicb  easan  agus  an  greigbear 
doigb  cbum  an  sgrios,  o  na  db'  f  bairt- 
licb  iad  eir  'atbair. 

Agus  b'i  seo  an  doigb — "  Falbh 
thus"  orsa  mac  an  Rigb  ris  a  ghrcigh- 
car  "  agus  abair  ris  an  iasgair  tois- 
eachadh  air  iasgacb  a'  bbradain  agus 
feannabuilg  a  dhianadb  air  a'  chuile 
gin  a  gbeobh  e  agus  na  biain  a  tboirt 
thugamsa."  Thug  an  greigbear  seachad 
an  t-ordugb  a  fbuair  e,  agus  rinn 
an  t-iasgair  mar  a  sliireadh  air,  agus 
thug  e  biain  nam  bradan  gu  ciiramach 
adh  ionnsuidb  mac  an  Righ. 

Rinn  an  sin  mac  an  Righ  agus  an 
greighear  deise  le  biain  nam  bradan, 
agus  bba  an  deise  fuatbasach  iongan- 
tacb. 

Bha  i  coltach  ris  na  luiricbeann 
aigileanach  uallacb  (?  dualacb)  a  bbith- 
eadh  eir  laoicb  o  shean,  ri  am  cath  a's 
combraig.  Ruigeadb  i  shuas  gu  mul- 
lacb  a  chinn,  agus  shios  gu  sail  nam 
boun  ! 


Daa  Mios  a'  Gheamhraidh,  1S72. 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


267 


Bha  lais  us  l«inneireac  soills'  aist 
nar  bhoillsge  bogha  nan  speur,  a's 
(ihealradh  i  'san  oidhche  dhùdarra 
gheamhraidh  mar  dhealan  air  beinn  an 
fheidh. 

I  Chuir  High  Coinneacli  a  sin  fios  a 
mach  fad  agus  farsuinnfeadh  Alba  thun 
pan  diucanan,  iarlacban,  agus  tighear- 
ban,  tigbinn  a  chumail  cuirm  agus 
cuideacbd  ris,  mar  onair  dha-fbein, 
agus  mar  tboileacbadb  dLiaibbsean,  aig 
feotbas  an  treuntais  agns  an  gaisge,  ri 
linn  bbitb  'cur  as  dha  na  Piocaicb. 
Tbainig  na  h-urracba  mora  agus  rinn- 
eadb  cuirm  mbor,  mhor,  eir  an  coin- 


Sgeadaicb  an  greigbear  e-f  bein  anns 
an  deise  bboisgeanta  a  rinneadb  eir 
bian  nam  bradan/  'Nuair  a  bba  na  b- 
uaillsean  'n  an  suidbe  aig  an  dinnteir 
cbaidb  e  tbun  uinneig  an  Rigb  agus 
sbeid  e  'n  trombaid,  agus  gbLaodb  e  le 
gutb  ard,  "  A  Rigli  Cboinnicb,  sgrios 
na  Piocaicb  !  cuir  as  daibb  !  na  fag 
anara  beo  dbiu.  Is  mise  teacbdaire 
'tbainig  a  nuas  o  neamb  leis  an  teacbd- 
aireachd  seo  tbugad-sa  agus  bitbidb  mi 
nis  a  tilleadb  a  suas  an  taobb  a  tbainig 
mi."  Slieall  na  b-uaiilsean  eir  an 
Rigb  agus  eir  cacba  cbeilc,  agus  sbeall 
an  Rigb  orra,  acb  cba  d'  tbuirt  duine 
diog.  Labbair  a  sin  mac  an  Rigb  agus 
tbuirt  e,  "Nacb  coir  coimbead  a  macb 
fiacb  coid  e"m  fuath  tba  siod,  no  fiacb 
coid  e  is  matbas  dba."  "  Is  coir  coimb- 
ead a  macb  gu  dearbb "  orsa  na 
h-urracba  mora.  Nuair  a  sbealladb  a 
mach  bha  an  greigbear  a  suas  ri  aghaidb 
na  beinne  mu  cboineamb  taigh  an  Rigb. 
Dbearc'ad  air  gus  an  deach  e  as  an 
sealladh.  Thill  iad  a  sin  is  taigh.  "  Tba 
siod  fior  gu  leoir  a  Rigb  Cboinnicb.  Tba 
aingeal  o  neamb  a  siod  gu  beucaidb. 
Toisich  thus  air  na  Piocaicb  agus  bitbidb 
sinne  leat  agus  cha'n  fbag  sinn  Piocach 
beo  an  Albainn." 

Sgaoil  na  h-urracba  mora  dacbaidh 
a  chruinneachdadh  an  cuid  sluaigb  agus 
airm.  Tbainig  iad  adb  ionnsuidh  an 
Righ     le'n     coisridhj    le'n     eachraidh 


agus  le  'm  marcraidb.  Shin  iad  fhein 
agus  an  Rigb  a  sin  air  na  Piocaicb 
gus  nacb  d'fhagadh  Piocach  beo 
as  an  deogbaidb  an  Albainn. — Sin  an 
sgrios  mu  dbeireadh  a  thugadh  eir  na 
Piocaicb. 


NAIDHEACHDAN. 

Bhrist  teine  macb  ann  am  Boston,  a 
rinn  mor  chall  araon  do  bbeatha  dhaoine 
agus  do  cheannacbd.  Cba  mu'n  cuairt 
do  ochd  ciad  taigh  a'  losgadh — a  chuid 
bu  mho  dhiubb,  taighean  maileirt.  'S 
gann  gu'n  deach  roineag  chloimhe  fha- 
gail  am  baile  Ehoston,  gun  losgadh.  Ni 
rao  a  cba  brogan  (no  leathar  gu  an 
deanamb)  fbagail.  Ged  a  cba  na  h- 
urrad  de  thaighean  a'  losgadh,  cba 
robh  acb  mu'n  cuairt  do  dha  chiad 
pearsa  gun  dacbaidh  an  deigh  an  teine 
— oir,  mar  a  dh'  ainmich  sinn  'siad  na 
b-aitean  maileirt  a  cba  'm  milleadh. 
Cba,  aig  a  chuid  a's  lugba,  luach  ceithir 
fichead  muillean  dollair  airgid  a  chall ! 

Cba  sluagh  a  chiurradh  an  la  roimhe, 
aig  Bail'-Eoghainn  faisg  air  Inbhir- 
feotbarainn  le  da  charbad  iaruinn  a 
bhuail  a  cheile.  Cha  deach  gin  a 
mharbhadb,ach  cbabcag'ancbnainibean 
a  bhristeadh.  Gu  sealbbacb^  bha  leigb- 
ich  air  a'  charbad  aig  an  am,  agus 
chleachde'eolasguduineil — niachoisinn 
da  mor  chliu  o  gach  neach.  Cba  bu 
luaithe  "'cho-bbuair'  na  carbaid  na 
chuireadh  dealan-fbios  do  Inbhirnis  a 
dh'innseadh  an  tubaist.  Gun  uin  a  chall 
cha  carbad  Ian  lucbd  oibreach  a  chur  gu 
Bail'-Eoghainn,  agus  cha  b'  fhada 
'bhathas  ag  cur  gach  ni  'n  a  aite  fein. 

Bitbidb  ar  liicbd-leughaidb  toil- 
ichte  cbluinntinn  gu'm  bheil  am  fior 
Gbaidheal  Alasdair  Mac-Neacail,  am 
fear  lagba,  a'  dol  a  dh'  fbagail  Dhun- 
Eidin  do  aite  na's  fearr  da.  Tba  fios 
aig  ar  leughadairean  cheana,  air  cho 
measail  'sa  tba  e  air  a'  Ghailig;  agus 
gun  teagamb  bi  deagh  chuimbne  aca 
air  "  Ruatbar  Mhic-Mhuirich,"  eadar-  ■ 
theangaichte  leis-san,  agus  clo-bbuailte 


268 


AN  GATDHEAL. 


Dara  Jlios  a'  Glieamhraidh,l872. 


'sa'  cLoigeamh  aireamh  de'n  Ghaidii- 
EAL.  Tha  c  dol  do  shiorramaclid 
Kirkcudbright,  gu  dreucbd  moran  as 
tairbhiche  na  'dhreuchd  an  Dun-Eidin. 
'Se  Mac-Neacail  a  shuidh  an  uiridh  'sa' 
chatliair  aig  coinncamli  bhliadhnail  nan 
Gaidbeal,  an  Grianaig,  's  air  deireadb 
oran  a  cba  dbcanamb  air  son  an  aobbair, 
blia'n  rann  sec  : 
"  'Si  ar  durachd  do  Mbac-Neacail, 

Gu'u  ruig  e  dhacbaidh  gu  sabbailt; 

Tba  ar  suil  ri  't'baicinn  fbatbasd 

'Na  sbuidbe  an  catbar  is  airde." 
Tba  e  gu  "suidbe  an  catbar  is  airde" 
gun  dail,  agus  tba  sinn  cinnteacb  gu'm 
bbeil    dcagb-dburacbd   gacb    Gaidbeal 
maille  ris. 

Mar  cbitbeadb  ar  lucbd-leugbaidb 
0  litir  a'  "  Ghille  Dliuibb "  'san 
aii'eamb  mu  dbeireadb  de'n  Gbaidb- 
eal,  tha  Gaidbeil  Gbrianaig  a'  stri  ri 
ComunnGaidhealacii  a  cbur  suas  anns 
a'  bbaile  sin.  Gun  teagamb  sa  bitb 
bbiodb  e  gle  iomcliuidb  gu'm  biodb  ni- 
eigin  de'n  t-seorsa  ann  am  baile  anns 
am  bbeil  na  b-urrad  de'r  lucbd-dutbcba 
ri  Grianaig  :  cba'n  e  nibain  gu'm  bbeil 
e  ioracbuidh,  acb  gu'm  bbeil  e  nair  nacb 
robb  e  ann  o  cbionn  fbada.  Air  an 
aobbar  sin,  tba  sinn  an  dòcbas  gu'm  bi 
comunn  maiseacb  Gaidbealacb  an  Gria- 
naig gun  dail,  agus  nacb  bi  na  Gaidbeil 
dearmadacb  air  fritbealadb  air  anns 
gacb  duigb  'n  an  comas. 

Cba  an  long  a'  '■'■Forest  chief'  a 
Halifax  a  cball  air  eilean  lie.     Bba  i  (\ 


tigbinn  a  America  Ian  de  gbràn  Im- 
seanacb,  do  cbcann  tuatb  Eirinn.  Bia 
i  air  a'  luasgadb  leis  an  stoirm  gbailbl- 
eacb  fad  na  sligbe  a'  tigbinn ;  acb  ar 
d'i  bbi  gu  malb  air  a  b-agbaidh  troimh 
na  cbuan  Eirinneacb,  cba  i  dhetb  a 
sail,  cba'  lucbd  troimh-cbeile,  's  laidb  e 
air  taobb  an  fbasgatb  air  mbodb 
agus  gur  gann  a  gheobbadb  a  sail 
greim  ged  bbiodb  e  fiatbacb.  Fbuair 
a  sgioba  uile — acb  aon  fbear — air  tir. 
Ged  bba  iad  air  dbrocb  gbreigbeadb, 
fbuair  iad  gacli  corabnadb  an  *'  eilean 
glas  an  fbeoir,"  agus  a  sin  cbaidb  iad 
do  Liverpool. 

Bba  'n  cruinneacbd  anabarracb  tair- 
bbeacb  an  America  air  a'  bbliadbna  seo 
— a'  leitbid  de  bbarr  cba  cbuimbneach 
leinn,  eadbon  da  cbiad  a's  da-f  bicbead 
muillean  buiseil. 

Tba'n  aimsir  gle  cbaocblaideach 
daonnan — tbeagamb  raaduinn  gbrian- 
acb,  bblatli,  a's  uisge  'm  anmocb ;  no 
lianagaicb  sbneacbda  'sa'  mbaduinn 
a's  aiteamb  am  oidbcbe.  Tba'n  cruin- 
ncacb  daor  ;  tba  mbin  bbo  ocbd  tastain 
diag  a's  sia  sgillinn  gu  nota  'm  bolla. 
Tba  pris  mbor  air  feudail  a's  meanbh- 
cbrodb.  Tba'n  fbeoil  fuatbasacb  daor 
— cbo  daor  agus  gu'm  bbeil  moran  's 
na  bailtean  nacb  eil  comasacb  air  a 
faigbinn  idir.  Tba'n  gual  cbo  daor 
agus  gu'm  bbeil  mor  fbarmad  aig 
muinntir  nam  bailtean  ris  an  fbeadh- 
ainn  aig  am  bbeil  pailteas  moinc  air 
an  diitbaicli. 


NUADH  ORAN. 

Air  a  dbeanamb  Do  Eiridb  a  macb  America,  le  Dunncbadb  Ceanaldeacb 
Maigbistirsgoil  'am  Meileart. 
Luinneag 
Hem  0  lil  o  lil  lio  ro  bi, 
Hera  0  lil  0  lil  bo  ro  bi, 
Hem  0  lil  o  lil  bo  ro  bi, 
Gur  coma  ro  cboma  leam  cogadb  no  sitb. 
'S  c  cogadb  dubb,  deuracb,  na  b-eiridb  a  macb, 
A  tbòisicb  gun  aobbar  cbum  daoine  'sgatb  as, 
Air  an  t-seacbdamb-ceud-deug  do  INIbac  Dbe  'tbigb'nn  a  flath, 
Ccitbir  deug  'us  tri  ficbcad  air  imeacbd  a  seacb. 


Gheamhraidh,  1872. 


AN  GAIDHEAL.  2G9 


Eadar  Mòr  Bhreatunn  's  America  thall, 

Mu  chisean  beag  eigin  a  dh'  fheuraadh  an  t-arm, 

A  choimhead  a  sith-thaimh  's  gach  tir  a  ta  ann, 

'S  a  chomhrag  nan  Innseanach  dhionadh  an  ceann. 

Cha-n  iochdadh  na  h-ioclulrain  ud  cisean  no  cain, 

Ach  bhitheadh  iad  neo-cheangailt'  ri  Sasunn  's  ri  'gnatb, 

A  reachd  no  ceart-cboir-sa  cba  deonaicbt'gu  brutb, 

A  dbionadb  's  a  cbòmbrag  a'  cboir  ann  an  Uximb. 

Bu  tair  leis  an  uacbdaran  uasal,  an  Eigb, 

'S  le'  cbomhuirlicb  uile  nacb  buidbinnt'  a'  cbis  ; 

Ged  nacb  robb  i  gu  sta-san,  no  db'  aracb  na  riogb'cbd, 

Acb  cbum  am  maitb  fein,  ged  nacb  b'  leir  dhoibb  a  brigb. 

An  sin  cbuir  a  Mboracbd  dream  f  bogbkiimte  nunn, 

Gu  sitb-reite  a  cblosdadb  'us  cordadb  air  suira, 

A  bbitb'db  gu'm  maitb  fein  's  nacb  èignicbt'  tbar  tuinn, 

Acb  db'aicbein  na  b-eucoraicb,  's  db'  eigb  combrag  ruinn. 

An  tratb  nacb  robb  againn  acb  catbacb'  no  call, 

An  diitbaicb  mbor  agbrabor,  's  na  pbaigb  sinn  d'  a  ceann, 

'Se  rogbnuicb  sinn  eiridli,  o'n  b'cigin  bba  ann, 

'S  gu'ra  faiceadb  na  reubalaicb  eucbdan  ar  lann. 

An  cuaLa  riamb  combrag  na's  bronaicb  na  tb'ann, 

'N  tratb  b'  eigin  do  Dbeors'  dol  a  stroicimli  a  chlann, 

Rinn  an  dion  ann  a  cbleit  anns  gacb  greadan  o  naimb 

'S  a  thug  eideadb  'us  Ion  doibb  'n  tratb  b'og'  'us  a  b'  fhann. 

O  an-iochd  nam  Frangacb  cbaidh  'n  dion  anns  gacb  cruas, 

O  Spainticb,  o  Gbiosaicb,  'so  Innscanaich  ruadb' ; 

Cbaidb  an  sitb  'us  an  saorsa  a  sliaoradb  le  buaidb, 

Ged  a  cbaidb  an  claonadb  gu  baotbail  gu  fuatb. 

Acb  db'fbas  iadsan  uaibbreacb,  'us  uailleil  a  'n  stor, 

'8  an  cridbe  niear,  reauibar,  le  gean  agus  sogb  ; 

Air  cbor  's  gu'n  do  cbuiticb  le  dùracbd  an  dorn, 

Do  mbatbair  an  diitbcba,  a  cbuinn  doibb  an  t-or. 

'S  ann  a  db'f  baodar  an  donas  a  cboimeas  gu  leir, 

Ris  a'  mbac  struitbeacb  òlnibor  bu  gbòracb  'na  bbeus ; 

Ged  bu  mbuirneacb  diia  'atbair  le  b-aidbear  'us  speis, 

Cba-n  fbogbnadb  sud  dbasan  acb  a  pborsan  dba  t'bòin. 

'N  tratb  sbluig'  a  mbi-stuamacbd  o'n  truagban  a  mliaoin, 

Tbug  gainne  agus  dolum  dba  eolas  maraon, 

Air  easumblacbd  dbasan  a  db'  hraicb  e  maotb, 

'S  a  tbaisbein  dba  grks  gu  ro  gbairdeacbail,  caomb. 

Ghrad  tbeicb  e  gu  'atbair  gun  spionnadb  gun  treoir, 

'Nuair  bba  e  'dol  bas  anns  an  fbasacb  gun  Ion  ; 

Am  broineagan  groda  'na  eillbireacb  broin, 

'S  a'  toirmeasg  a  cbantainn  a  mbac  dbe  na's  mo. 

Tbuit  an  t-iompaicbte  truagb  ann  an  luaitbre  air  an  fbeur, 

A'  guil  'us  a'  caoineadli  's  b'e  aogasg  an  t-eug; 

Ag  aidmbeacb  a  dbòbbearta  mora  gu  leir 

'S  ag  guidbeadb  lan-mbaitbeanais,  's  gealladb  nacb  treig. 


270 AN    GAIDHEAL.  x)an>  M.,V  0>.ea...,dMS7. 

S  amhail  sin  's  mar  a  tharlas  do'n  ghraiag  ud  fa  dheoidh, 
Ge  h-uaiblireach  ro  statoil  an  tabhachd  's  an  treoir; 
Feith,  'us  chitear  iad  fliathasd  a'  gal  'us  a'  bron, 
Air  son  gach  mor  thruaighe  thug  uaill  ann  an  coir. 
Nach  iomadh  ceud  curaidh  thug  cuiridhnean  ard, 
Do'n  bhuidhinn  an-fbcile  nach  toilleadh  a  bhaigh  ; 
Gu  tighinn  fo  fiiasgath  am  brataich  'us  tamh, 
O  dhortadh  na  fohi,  "s  bhi  tairis  an  saimh  ? 
Nach  cruaidhean  cridhe,  gun  tiomachadh  riamh, 
'S  blii  'faicinn  an  daoine  nan  slaod  air  gach  sliabh  ; 
'S  gun  truas  aig  an  cairdean  do'n  arahghar  o  chian, 
O'n  chaidh  an  truailieadh  le  fuath  'us  drocli  mhiann? 
Nach  amaideach,  gorach,  an  doigh  air  an  d'  fhas, 
lad  cairdeach  ri'n  naimhdean,  's  nach  ann  air  an  gradh  ; 
A  tha  iad  'g  an  comhnadh  gach  lo'  anns  a'  bhlar, 
Ach  chum  'us  gu'n  deonaicht'  dhoibh  coir  ann  an  ail'  ? 
Nach  lionmhor  an  truaighe  o'n  ghluais  iad  a  mach, 
Tha  'm  fearann  gun  bharr,  'us  tha'n  tain  'gan  sgath'  as ; 
An  treudan  'nan  spoHaibh  aig  oigridh  nam  Hath, 
'S  gun  eideadh  no  comhdach  tha  'n  ton  anns  a'  chath? 
Cha-n'eil  luibh  ann  an  achadh,  no  'machair,  no  'm  beinn, 
Bha  eifeachdacli,  fallan,  an  galar  no'n  tinn. 
Nach  deachaidh  a  tliachdadh,  's  a  chasgairt  gun  fhoinn, 
O'n  thoisich  a'  charraid  le  gasraidh  na  foill. 
Chaidh  toradli  na  coille  an  gainnead  gu  leir, 
'Us  thoirleura  gu  làr  ann  an  ciiirahaig  's  nan  ceir, 
Cliaidh  ceairdean,  'us  malairt,  'us  ceannachd  gun  fheum 
'Us  miltean  a  chreachadh  'bha  gaisgeil  gu  heuchd. 
Ged  thug  iad  'n  an  triuir  uainne  diibhlain  nan  lann, 
'S  ged  fliuirneisich  Duidsich  dhoibh  fudar  nach  gann  ; 
Cha  gheill  sinn,  ach  buaidhichidh  suas  thar  an  ceann, 
'S  mar  cliomhar'  buaidh-laraich  bithidh  liiblirais  ri  crann. 
Tha  n  ionmhas  'g  a  trà'ihadh  gach  la  do  na  sloigh, 
Tha  coimhead  na  Uirach  's  o  ghàbhadh  thigh'nn  oirnn  ; 
Ach  chi  sinn  an  la  nach  aidhearach  gleois, 
Luchd  dhusgaidii  na  tuaireip,  's  cha  truagh  leinn  an  dcoir. 
An  tsùil  a  ni  faiioid,  air  'athair  caomh  fiiin, 
'S  tha  'tabhairt  da  mhailiair  gach  tiiir  'us  mi-gheill, 
Ni  filliicli  an  fhasaich  an  cràdh'  as  a  cheil', 
'S  na  h-iolairean  oga  dhiubh  Ion  agus  beidh. 
Mhallaich  an  alhair,  's  cha  d'  bhcannaich  iad  riamh, 
Am  mathair  a  dh'  fliòir  air  an  dòlum  gach  iall ; 
Ann  am  fradharc  cho  ard  's  nach  b'  aill  leo  an  riar, 
O'n  dh'  fhas  iad  ro  làidir  air  tailleandi  namh  fial. 
Fhuair  gionach  'us  sannt  ann  an  cridheachaibh  cruaidh, 
'S  nacli  toilislit'  gu  briith  iad  na  's    mo  na 'n  uaigh  ; 
A  dh'  fliàsas  nis  torrach  cur  chorpaibh  an  t-sluaigh, 
'S  gheibh  a'cldarsicli  's  am  foghnan,  's  an  ros  caithream  buaidh. 
{Gu  bhi  air  a  leantainn  'san  ath  aireamh.) 


ENGLISH   DEPARTMENT. 


DECEMBER,  1872. 


GAELIC  LORE. 

Whilst  we  are  keenly  alive  to  the 
rights  and  interests  of  the  Gaelic  race, 
and  ready  at  all  times  to  do  battle  with 
those  who  traduce  or  contemn  our 
people,  we  are  also  solicitous  that 
Highlanders  should  manfully  discharge 
the  duties  Avhich  they  owe  to  the  rest 
of  mankind.  Celtic  mind  has  shone, 
no  doubt,  in  every  department  of 
thought,  as  certainly  as  Celtic  vigour 
and  skill  have  accomplished  their  fair 
share  of  the  physical  work  of  the 
world ;  but  we  are  self-abasing  enough 
to  confess  that,  of  the  purely  charac- 
teristic products  of  Celtic  genius,  which 
are  in  an  especial  degree  incorporated 
with  the  Gaelic  language,  compara- 
tively little  V^s  as  yet  been  contributed 
to  the  common  stock  of  human  know- 
ledge. Every  intelligent  Highlander 
knows  that,  whether  we  refer  to  the  facts 
or  the  ideas,  the  philosophy  or  the 
fancy,  or  limit  our  thoughts  to  the 
mere  etymology  of  the  language,  there 
is  a  vast  amount  of  treasure  among  us, 
from  want  of  which  pliilologists,  ar- 
cha3ologists,  historians,  ethnologists,  and 
sociologists  are  at  a  loss.  Numbers  of 
these  builders  of  science  and  philosophy 
are  looking  across  the  mountains  and 
the  seas  to  the  Highlands  of  Scotland, 
to  Ireland,  to  the  Isle  of  Man,  and  to 
"Wales,  but  particularly  to  those  who 
speak  the  Gaelic  language,  for  assist- 
ance which  Celts  alone  can  afford. 
This  is  an  important  fact  in  the  high 
intellectual  commerce  of  men ;  and 
although  it  may  be  somewhat  depress- 
ing to  think  that  we  have  been  so 
remiss  in  times  past,  as  in  any  measure 


to  neglect  this  part  of  our  work,  it  is 
encouraging  to  those  who  have  struggled 
against  an  evil  anti- Celtic  current  of 
tliought,  to  find  that  their  countrymen 
are  so  much  looked  up  to  in  the  world 
of  intellect.  One  of  the  most  common 
reproaches  with  which  Highlanders 
were  wont  to  be  assailed  was,  that 
there  was  nothing  of  value  in  the 
language  which  they  spoke.  It  did 
not  matter  much  that  this  allegation 
was  made  by  persons  altogether  incom- 
petent to  pronounce  a  worthy  opinion 
on  the  subject,  the  opinion  was  all  the 
more  positively  asserted,  that  it  was 
becomingly  fortified  by  the  most  obdu- 
rate ignorance.  It  has  repeatedly 
struck  us  as  very  remarkable  that 
persons  should  so  often  feel  themselves 
competent  to  pronounce  judgment  in 
Celtic  matters,  even  when  their  own 
ignorance  was  most  palpable.  As  if 
the  Goth  should  say,  "I  know  nothing 
about  the  matter,  therefore  there  is 
notiiing  in  it."  There  is  a  very 
important  question  connected  with  this 
assumption,  to  which  we  may,  at  some 
future  time,  call  attention.  How  did 
this  assumption  arise?  Was  it  a  mere 
intellectual  mistake,  or  a  criminal 
policy?  A  curious  example  of  the 
potency  of  this  assumption  occurred  in 
the  leadino;  columns  of  the  Scotsman, 
when  the  Irish  Land  Question  was  under 
discussion,  some  time  previous  to  the 
passing  of  Mr  Gladstone's  great  Land 
Act.  The  Scotsman  editor  has  long 
been  notorious  for  his  furiously  hostile 
feelings  towards  Irish  Celts,  as  well  as 
towards  Highlanders  ;  and  at  that  time 
he  was  violently  opposed  to  anything 


272 


THE  GAEL. 


Dec,  1872.     j 


being  done  to  modify  for  the  better  a 
system  of  land  occupancy,  wliich  was 
rapidly  desolating  the  country.  So, 
when  hard  pressed  by  certain  Scotch- 
men, who  spoke  from  personal  know- 
ledge of  Ireland,  tlie  editor  carried  out 
the  assumption  of  which  we  have  been 
speaking,  the  length  of  saying,  that 
personal  knowledge  of  Irish  affairs  was 
a  positive  disqualification.  This,  of 
course,  was  only  saying,  in  his  own 
way,  what  numbers  of  others  had  felt. 
It  must,  however,  have  been  accepted 
by  the  Scotsman  and  his  clients,  as  a  re- 
markable evidence  of  the  perverseness 
of  the  human  mind — of  the  law-making 
mind  in  particular — that  the  House  of 
Commons,  with  Mr  Gladstone  at  its 
head,  acted  on  the  opiniohs  of  those 
qualified  by  personal  knowledge,  rather 
thanuponthesuperior  judgment  of  those 
far  reaioved  from  the  force  of  facts. 
This  is  more  than  a  curiosity  :  it  should 
be  a  warning  to  those  who  fortify 
themselves  in  their  strongholds  of  pre- 
judice and  ignorance,  and  should  make 
them  a  little  less  confident  of  the  power 
of  the  assumption  before  us.  They 
may,  like  the  Scotsman,  have  to  bow 
down  before  the  hard  and  unpalatable 
facts,  wlicn  the  submission  will  be  a 
humiliation  and  a  reproach.  Better  for 
them  to  think  beforehand,  even  if  they 
should  have  to  acknowledge  the  force 
of  facts,  and  bow  to  reason  rather  than 
in  ignoble  defeat.  Just  as  certainly  as 
the  opinionistson  the  Irish  Land  Ques- 
tion had  to  bow  before  the  obnoxious 
facts,  so  will  the  contemners  of  High- 
landers, their  speech  and  their  polity, 
have  to  give  way  to  the  force  of  facts 
already  acknowledged  by  the  most 
enlightened  men  in  Europe. 

It  is  in  reference  to  these  facts  that 
Highlanders  are  now  called  upon  to 
gather  up  all  their  lore  ;  to  stereotype 
for  distant  and  future  generations  the 
thoughts  which  glowed  in  the  bosoms 
of  their  forefathers ;  to  preserve  their 
speech  from  decay ;  and  to  let  the  wide 


world  have  the  benefit  of  the  "light  of 
other  days,''  which  that  speech  alone  is 
able  to  shed  upon  other  languages,  his- 
tories, and  peoples.  Highlanders  must 
essay  a  suitable  response  to  these  de- 
mands ;  and,  in  order  to  do  this,  there 
must  be  some  recognized  organization. 
Highlanders  must  come  to  an  under- 
standing as  to  what  it  is  exactly  that 
they  are  to  contribute  to  the  general 
stock  of  knowledge.  They  must  map 
out  the  field  from  which  they  are  to 
reap,  and  they  must  look  for  the 
reapers,  and  assign  to  each,  if  possible, 
his  own  work. 

This  is  work,  it  will  be  seen  at  once, 
worthy  of  philosophers  and  of  patriots. 
It  will  be  a  great  part  of  the  vindica- 
tion of  the  Celtic  character  which  they 
owe  to  themselves.  And,  in  labouring 
to  confer  benefits  upon  others,  we  shall 
be  doing  something  towards  removing 
that  self-esteem  of  our  people,  from  the 
depression  of  which,  more  than  from 
anything  else  in  themselves,  they  have 
fallen  behind  in  the  world's  march. 
After  being  so  often  and  for  so  long 
told  that  they  were  of  no  value,  and 
that  their  chief  mental  possessions  were 
drags  upon  them,  it  must  have  an  en- 
couraging eflTect  upon  them  to  be  told 
that  they  and  those  possessions  are 
valued  by  the  most  competent  judges. 
They  are  an  important  portion  of  the 
human  family  ;  their  ideas  are  valuable, 
their  imaginings,  even,  are  in  requisi- 
tion, and  the  world  waits  until  their 
speech  sheds  its  light  on  the  path  of 
human  progress.  In  a  thousand  ways 
will  these  convictions  put  fresh  energy 
into  their  hands,  and  send  commercial 
life  through  the  Gaelic  communities  of 
the  north.  A  very  large  proportion  of 
our  duty  to  ourselves  is  pertbrmed  im- 
mediately towards  others.  We  sow 
the  seed,  in  the  shape  of  duty,  in  other 
men,  and  the  fruits  fall,  in  course  of 
time,  ripe  into  our  own  laps. 

To  the  curious,  to  the  leisurely,  to 
the  intellectual  all  over  the  Highlands, 


THE  GAEL. 


273 


we  would  appeal,  to  gather  up  the  lore 
which  lies  thick  as  autumn  leaves 
around  them,  and  help  us  as  a  people 
to  discharge  the  duty,  and  sow  the  par- 
ticular seed  of  which  we  write.  No 
doubt  there  are  difficulties  in  the  way. 
One  of  the  results  of  the  systematic 
repression  of  everything  Highland  has 
been  that  the  poor  people  shrink  from 
acknowledging  what  they  know,  and 
from  exposing  themselves  to  the  ridi- 
cule of  their  more  egotistical  neighbours. 
Hence,  tlie  secretiveness  which  every 
collector  of  sgeulachdan  has  found  barr- 
ing his  access  to  the  Highland  mind. 
And  what  has  been  induced  by  fear  of 
the  ridicule  of  the  profane  has  been 
strengthened  ])y  the  denunciations  of 
some  of  the  clergy.  From  Carswell 
downwards,  numbers  of  the  most  re- 
vered among  our  Highland  ministers 
have  denounced  as  sinful  the  practice 
of  devoting  to  sgeulachd,  the  time  due 
to  religious  duties.  This  gave  a  kind 
of  religious  sanction  to  the  criminal 
philosophy  invented  by  the  enemies  of 
the  Gael,  for  their  own  selfish  purposes. 
Hence,  in  a  great  number  of  instances, 
it  is  only  by  stratagem,  that  the  best 
repositories  can  be  got  at.  But  things 
Lave  materially  altered :  among  the 
most  able  and  zealous  advocates  of 
the  claims  of  everything  distinctively 
Celtic,  we  are  now  able  to  class  num- 
bers of  our  Highland  clergy  of  diflfer- 
ent  churches.  The  ban  of  the  church 
may  be  said  to  have  been  removed, 
when  Dr  MacLauchlan,  Dr  Clerk,  Mr 
Stewart,  Mr  Mackenzie,  Mr  Cameron, 
Mr  Ross,  Mr  Blair,  and  numbers  of 
others  come  forward  to  recommend  the 
study  of  Gaelic  literature.  The  devo- 
tion of  these  men  to  the  inspired  "Word 
of  God  has  only  intensified  and  ele- 
vated their  appreciation  of  the  treasures 
which  God  has  oifered  to  the  world 
through  the  medium  of  the  Celtic  mind. 

Notwithstanding  the  opposition  pro-  ! 
voked,  at  the  time,  by  Macpherson's  1 
Ossianic  publications,  they  set  in  motion  i 


a  regular  succession  of  influences  which 
Mammon  has  not  been  able  to  stop.  A 
striking  eflfect  appears  in  Scandinavia,  as 
we  write  :  the  second  Oscar  ascends  the 
throne  of  Sweden.  Napoleon  the  Great 
carried  the  Highland  poems  of  Ossian 
about  with  him  as  if  they  afforded  him 
the  higliest  models.  Bernadotte  called 
his  own  son  after  Ossian's  son,  and  he 
again  gave  the  same  name  to  his  son, 
now  Oscar  !  These  poems  have  over 
and  over  again  been  translated  into 
French.  >So  they  have  into  Italian  and 
other  languages  ;  and,  as  we  mentioned 
in  our  October  issue,  Signer  Priolo,  an 
Italian  artist,  has,  as  he  says  himself, 
discovered  in  Ossian  a  rich  mine  for 
pictorial  illustration,  and  he  has  set 
about  working  the  mine.  AVe  wish  him 
success.  Dr  White,  of  Waterford,  a 
professor  of  music,  has  adapted  Comala 
for  the  stage,  producing  a  beautiful 
opera,  with  airs,  and  pictorial  scenery. 
"We  hope  to  be  able  to  make  fuller 
reference  to  Dr  White's  version  of 
Comala  in  another  issue.  Mr  Camp- 
bell, of  Islay,  has,  by  his  labours,  placed 
our  most  simple  tales  on  a  level  with 
those  which  the  Brothers  Grimm  have 
rescued  from  decay  in  other  lands  ;  and 
whilst  he  has  himself  saved  a  large 
mass  of  matter  from  oblivion,  he  has 
raised,  as  we  may  say,  the  market  value 
of  what  has  yet  to  be  gathered,  and  en- 
couraged others  in  the  same  work. 

But  we  have  outrun  our  space ;  and 
all  we  shall  say  further  is,  "  Let  our 
Gaelic  friends  do  their  duty  to  them- 
selves and  to  other  races,  by  rescuing, 
as  quickly  as  possible,  those  treasures 
which  will  prove  a  gain  to  others,  and 
a  credit  to  themselves." 


THE  PLACE  OF  THE  CELTIC. 

(From  a  forthcoming  work,  entitled  a 

"  Survey  of  the  Celtic  Languages," 

by  the  Rev.  William  Ross,  F.S.  A.S.) 

If  we   cast  our  eye  over  a  linguistic 

map  of  the  world,  we  cannot  fail  to 


274 


THE  GAEL. 


Dec,  1871. 


note  that  there  exists  a  vast  number  of 
languages,  and  that  all  of  them  have 
certain  geographical  relations  to  each 
other.  AYe  are  not  warranted  to  con- 
clude that  because  of  their  proximity  to 
each  other,  they  are  on  that  account  so 
intimately  related  as  to  be  one  in  struc- 
ture or  form  — one  in  the  materials  of 
which  they  are  composed,  nor  yet  one 
in  the  sense  of  a  common  progeny,  with 
diverse  lineaments,  owning  a  common 
parentage.  Such  a  conclusion  can  only 
be  arrived  at  on  scientific  grounds  when 
the  science  of  language  shall  have 
attained  its  majority,  and  the  languages 
of  earth  have  been  analysed  and  com- 
pared. A  careful  and  accurate  study 
of  any  one  form  of  speech  will  lead  us 
to  see,  that,  although  the  great  bulk  of 
the  language  may  consist  of  materials 
of  native  growth  and  character,  yet  a 
considerable  portion  is  to  be  traced  to 
the  incursion  of  materials  that  are  of  a 
mixed  character — some  bearing  marks 
of  a  kindred,  and  some  clearly  of  a 
foreign  extraction.  If  we  extend  our 
inquiries  to  several  languages,  we  obtain 
precisely  similar  results.  The  farther 
we  extend  our  survey  the  more  likely 
are  Ave  to  obtain  large  and  reliable  data 
upon  which  to  found  a  safe  induction. 
A  tolerably  accurate  survey  of  the  lan- 
guages which  abound  on  the  face  of  the 
earth  has  led  to  the  discovery  of  three 
extensive  groups  or  families  of  lan- 
guages, each  family  having  its  own 
native  character,  qualities,  and  genius. 
These  are  the  Aryan  or  Indo-European, 
the  Semitic,  and  the  Turanian  or  AUo- 
phyllian  languages.  How  far  these 
families  arc,  if  at  all^  related  to  each 
other,  the  future  of  our  science  must 
show.  The  question  is  foreign  to  our 
present  inquiry.  It  is  enough  for  us  to 
know  that  the  Celtic  language  possesses 
characteristics  wliich  enable  us  to  fix 
its  place  in  the  Aryan  or  Indo-European 
family.  It  cannot  be  without  interest 
to  us  to  inquire  how,  and  by  whom,  it 
was  discovered  that  our  language  had 


its  legitimate  place  among  the  Aryan 
tongues.  The  discovery  was  not  made 
by  any  merely  Gaelic  or  Cymric  scholar. 
Our  native  scholars,  with  one  notable 
exception,  the  distinguished  Edward 
Lhuyd,  the  author  of  the  "  Archasologia 
Britannica,"  were  busily  engaged  for 
many  years  in  endeavouring  to  prove 
an  intimate  connection  between  the 
Celtic  languages  and  the  Semitic  family. 
In  the  early  stages  of  philological 
studies,  most  linguists  laboured  long 
and  diligently  to  show  that  their  native 
tongue  was  the  primeval  speech,  or  at 
all  events  closely  allied  to  it.  Our 
Celtic  scholars  were  no  exception  to 
the  general  rule.  It  is  but  just  to  the 
memory  of  Lhuyd,  our  first  and  perhaps 
greatest  Celtic  scholar,  to  observe  that 
in  his  "  British  Etymologicon, "  he 
clearly  pointed  out  the  affinity  between 
the  Celtic  and  such  Indo-European 
languages  as  in  his  time  attracted  the 
attention  of  learned  men.  It  is  possible 
that  an  intimate  connection  may  yet  be 
found  to  subsist  between  the  Aryan  and 
Semitic  families  ;  and  if  so,  the  Celtic 
may  perform  no  mean  service  to  the 
inquiries  that  shall  issue  in  this  result. 
The  efforts  of  our  native  philologists 
were  at  the  time,  to  a  large  extent, 
labour  in  vain.  The  discovery  that 
helped  to  place  the  Celtic  in  its  right 
position  was  that  of  the  Sanscrit  lan- 
guage, which  took  place  in  the  year 
1808.  Previous  to  that  year,  it  was 
generally  supposed  that  there  was  an 
absolute  distinction  in  race  and  lan- 
guage between  the  inhabitants  of  Hin- 
dostan  and  the  East,  and  those  of 
Europe  and  the  West.  In  that  year 
the  supposed  distinction  was  abolished. 
It  was  discovered  that  the  Sanscrit, 
though  dead  for  upwards  of  two  thou- 
sand years,  was  the  direct  source  of  all 
the  principal  modern  dialects  of  the 
Hindoos,  while  it,  moreover,  presented 
the  closest  aflinities  to  the  language  of 
Persia  and  the  chief  languages  of 
Europe.     Sir  William  Jones,  the  dis- 


THE  GAEL. 


275 


tinguished  founder  of  the  Asiatic  So- 
ciety, was  the  first  to  point  out  the 
probable  connection  which  might  be 
found  to  exist  between  the  Celtic  and 
the  languages  of  the  East.  In  a  paper 
contained  in  the  first  volume  of  the 
"Asiatic  Researches"  (p.  442),  he  says, 
"  The  Sanscrit  language,  whatever  may 
be  its  antiquity,  is  of  a  wonderful 
structure  :  more  perfect  than  the  Greek, 
more  copious  than  the  Latin,  and  more 
exquisitely  refined  than  either,  yet 
bearing  to  both  of  them  a  stronger 
affinity,  both  in  the  roots  of  verbs  and 
in  the  forms  of  grammar,  than  could 
have  been  produced  by  accident;  so 
strong  that  no  philologer  could  examine 
all  the  three  without  believing  them  to 
have  sprung  from  some  common  source, 
which,  perhaps,  no  longer  exists.  There 
is  a  similar  reason,  though  not  quite  so 
forcible,  for  supposing  that  both  the 
Gothic  and  the  Celtic,  though  blended 
with  a  different  idiom,  had  the  same 
origin  with  the  Sanskrit.  The  old 
Persian  may  be  added  to  the  same 
family." 

The  next  in  order  who  secured  the 
attention  of  scholars  to  a  consideration 
of  the  question  was  Dr  Pritchard,  the 
celebrated  author  of  a  work  "  On  the 
Varieties  of  the  Human  Race."  We  can- 
not value  too  highly  the  service  which 
he  rendered  to  the  Celtic  language  by 
the  publication  in  1832  of  his  Avork  on 
'^The  Eastern  Origin  of  the  Celtic 
'  Nations."  He  says — "  It  will  more 
\  evidently  appear,  if  I  am  not  mistaken, 
I  that  from  the  Celtic  dialects  a  part  of 
the  grammatical  inflections,  and  that  a 
very  important  part,  common  to  the 
}  Sanscrit,  the  Eolic  Greek,  the  Latin, 
and  the  Teutonic  languages,  are 
capable  of  an  elucidation  which 
they  have  never  yet  received."  The 
line  of  evidence  followed  by  Dr  Px'it- 
chard,  and  the  materials  produced, 
were  of  such  a  character,  and  in 
such  quantity,  as  to  satisfy  the  most 
sceptical  that  the   Celtic  must  find  its 


place    in    the    numerous    cluster     of 
speeches  embraced  by  the  Indo-Euro- 
pean  tongues.     The   forty  years  that 
have  elapsed   since  the  publication   of 
his  work  have  only  helped   to   confirm 
the    position    he     had  taken    up,    and 
largely  to  add  to  the  evidence  submit- 
ted by  him.     To  his  labours  we  are 
indebted    for    the    first     rational    and 
scientific  investigation  as  to  the  origin, 
place,  and  relations  of  the  Celtic  lan- 
guages.    The  study  of  the  Celtic  now 
received  a    new  impetus,   and  in  the 
right    direction.     A    singularly    clear 
comprehensive,   and    scholarly    review 
of  Dr  Pritchard's  book,   by  the   late 
Rev.  Richard   Garnett,  of  the  British 
Museum,  in   the  British  Quarterly  Re- 
view for  September,  1836,  and  valuable 
articles  on  the  languages  and  Dialects 
of  the  British  Islands,  by  the  same  au- 
thor, in  the  first  and  second  volumes  of 
the   "  Proceedings   of  the  Philological 
Society  of    London,"  thoroughly  con- 
firmed Dr  Pritchard's  conclusions,  and 
supplied  fresh  and  valuable  materials, 
which  rendered  conviction  irresistible. 
"  Till  lately,"  says  Mr  Garnett,  speak- 
ing   of    the     Celtic     dialects,     "  they 
were      supposed      by     various      emi- 
nent  scholars  to  form  a  class  apart, 
and   to   have  no  connection  whatever 
with  the  great   Indo-European   stock. 
This  was  strongly  asserted  by  Colonel 
Vans  Kennedy,  and  also  maintained, 
though  in  rather  more  guarded  terms, 
by   Bopp,    Pott,    and   Schlegel.      The 
researches   of    Dr    Pritchard    in    the 
"Eastern  Origin  of  the  Celtic  Nations," 
and  of  Professor  Pictef,  of  Geneva,  in 
his  truly  able  work  "  Sur  I'Affinite  des 
Langues   Celtiques  avec  le  Sanscrit," 
may  be   considered    as  having  settled 
the   question   the    other   way,   and   as 
proving  satisfactorily  that  the  assertion 
of  thephilologistsabovementionedjwere 
those  of  persons  who  had  never  pro- 
perly investigated  the  matter,  and  were 
consequently    incompetent     to    decide 
upon  it.     The  demoustratioa  of  Pictet 


276 


THE  GAEL. 


is  so  complete  that  the  German 
scholars,  who  had  previously  denied 
the  connection,  now  fully  admit  it,  and 
several  of  them  have  written  elaborate 
treatises  showing  more  affinities  be- 
tween Celtic  and  Sanscrit  than  perhaps 
really  exist."  (Philological  Essays,  p. 
147.)  The  result  of  the  publication  of 
the  works  of  Dr  Pitchard  and  Pro- 
fessor Pictet  were  of  the  most  satisfac- 
tory character,  and  finally  established 
the  position  of  the  Celtic  as  one  of  the 
Aryan  tongues.  At  the  same  time,  it 
must  be  conceded  that  several  very 
striking  coincidences  between  the  Cel- 
tic and  the  Hebrew  have  been  pointed 
out,  while  it  is  undeniable  that  the 
evidence  hitherto  adduced  in  support 
of  the  great  mass  of  alleged  resem- 
blances is  unsatisfactory,  and,  in  not  a 
few  instances,  entirely  illusory. 

The  Celtic  language  possesses  for  us 
not  merely  a  general,  but  a  special  and 
deep  patriotic  interest.  It  was  among 
the  first,  if  not  the  very  earliest,  to  part 
company  with  its  kindred,  and  to  re- 
move from  the  ancient  fatherland.  It 
was  among  the  first  to  furnish  names 
for  the  beetling  cliffs,  towering  bens, 
shaded  valleys,  flowing  streams,  wind- 
ing pathways,  and  thriving  homesteads, 
of  the  continent  of  Europe — names 
which  may  even  yet  be  distinguished 
as  underlying  the  superficial  deposits 
of  Teutonic,  Romanic,  and  Slavonic 
designations.  Its  vocabulary  also  sup- 
plied no  small  number  of  the  terms  that 
describe  the  social  relations,  and  the 
arts  of  husbandry  and  war.  As  the 
parent  imparts  his  lifeblood  to  his  off- 
spring, and  the  pioneer  the  results  and 
value  of  his  discoveries  to  his  succes- 
sors, so  did  the  Celtic  tribes  hand  over 
their  treasures  to  those  who  tracked 
their  footsteps  and  took  possession  of 
their  lands  and  homes.  These  coura- 
geous and  numerous  tribes  formed  the 
van  and  centre  in  the  great  exodus  of 
the  European  nations  from  their  home 
in  the  East.  They  were  impinged  upon 


by  the  Teutons  on  the  North,  by  the 
Greeks  and  Romans  on  the  South, 
while  they  were  pushed  forward  by  the 
lower  Teutonic,  Windic,  and  Illyric 
tribes,  which  took  up  the  rear.  The  pres- 
sure of  these  various  migrations  drove 
the  Celts  to  the  West,  and  their  further 
advance  was  for  a  time  stopped  by  the 
Atlantic  ocean,  and  their  colonisation, 
by  the  occupancy  of  Great  Britain  and 
Ireland. 

COHHESPOHDENCE. 

Sir, — I  hear  that  the  Rev.  Archd. 
Farquharson  is  trying  to  stir  up  the 
Highland  people  to  make  an  efitort  to 
establish  a  Gaelic  professorship  in  one 
of  our  Scottish  Universities.  It  is  high 
time  that  areally  serious  effort  were  made, 
and  every  true  Highlander  will  wish 
Mr  Farquharson  God-speed,  and  hope 
that  his  efforts  will  meet  with  the  most 
brilliant  success.  And  it  is  to  be  hoped 
that  such  success  will  be  the  means  of 
rescuing  the  Gaelic  language  from  the 
contempt  in  which  it  is  too  frequently 
held  by  so  many  of  those  of  whom 
better  might  have  been  expected. 

If  we  contrast  the  conduct  of  the 
Welsh  people  in  regard  to  their  lan- 
guage and  the  conduct  of  the  High- 
landers in  regard  to  theirs,  I  am  afraid 
the  contrast  willnotredound  tothecredit 
of  the  latter.  The  Welsh,  although 
away  from  their  own  country  for  years, 
ay,  and  even  for  several  generations, 
in  Liverpool,  London,  or  elsewhere, 
teach  their  native  language  to  their 
children  with  a  noble  patriotism  and 
true  fidelity.  Many  Highlanders,  on 
the  contrary,  even  when  residing  in 
their  own  country,  and  amongst  a  Gaelic 
speaking  people,  if  they  think  them- 
selves in  any  way  better  than  their 
neighbours,  seem  (with  the  most  con- 
temptible snobbishness)  to  consider  it 
I  quite  beneath  their  dignity  to  allow 
their  children  to  learn  Gaelic,  as  if  they 


THE  GAEL. 


277 


,  considered  the  Gaelic  people  a  con- 
quered and  subjugated  race ;  and  a 
most  downtrodden  and  ill-used  race  they 
undoubtedly  are  in  many  respects. 
Even  men  whose  chief  claim  to  distinc- 

j  tion  is  derived  from  their  knowledge  of 
Gaelic,  have  yet  exhibited  so  much 
contempt  for  the  language  from  which 
they  derive  their  fame,  as  to  deem  it 
quite  unworthy  of  the  trouble  of  teach- 
ing it  to  their  children.  If  such  be  the 
example  of  men  of  learning  and  distinc- 
tion what  can  you  expect  of  mere 
shoddy  upstarts?  How  much  of  the 
blame  for  this  shameful  state  of  matters 
rests  with  the  mitural  leaders  of  the 
people,  the  landlords  ? — how  much  Avith 
their  hired  leaders,  the  clergy  ? — I  will 
not  venture  to  say.  This  much  we  know, 
that  some  of  the  ministers  would  evi- 
dently be  very  glad  to  get  rid  of  the 
language  altogether.  And  of  the 
landlords  (with  a  few  noble  ex- 
ceptions, such  as  the  Duke  of  Athole, 
Cluny  Macpherson,  and  a  few  others) 
how  few  of  them  know  a  single  word 
of  the  language  of  the  people  by  whom 
they  are  surrounded,  or  teach  it  to  their 
children  ?  Oh,  but  you  will  say,  they 
are  too  busy  "  preserving  their  game 
and  collecting  their  rents  to  think  of 
anything  so  contemptible  as  the 
Gaelic!"  And  yet,  forsooth,  they 
plume  themselves  on  being  chiefs  and 
leaders !  How  can  they  be  chiefs 
among,  or  leaders  to,  a  people  with 
whom  they  have  so  little  sympathj',  so 
little  in  common,  whose  very  language 
they  do  not  understand  ?  But  surely, 
notwithstanding  much  game  and  greed, 
there  are  still  some  true  patriots 
amongst  the  landlords.  And,  I  believe, 
notwithstanding  much  indolence,  tradi- 
tional nai'vowness,  Jaissezfaire,  and  even 
snobbishness,  there  are  many  public- 
spirited  men  amongst  the  clergy.    But, 

1    if  not — if  none  of  the  so-called  leaders 

I  will  lead — why  should  not  the  people 
take  the  matter  up  themselves,  and,  by 
associatingtogether,  stimulate  each  other 


in  true  patriotism  and  in  love  of  their 
own  beautiful  language,  bidding  defi- 
ance to  all  despisers  and  oppressors  of 
their  country  and  language.  Why 
should  there  not  be  Gaelic  societies  in 
all  the  Highland  towns  and  villages  like 
the  now  flourishing  one  in  Inverness? 

I  hope  to  see  much  good  accrue  to 
the  Gaelic  from  your  valuable  paper  ; 
mich  also  from  a  Gaelic  professorship, 
and  even  still  more  from  the  people 
laking  the  matter  up  in  a  public-spirited 
manner.  Have  they  still  patriotism 
enough  to  do  so  ? — Yours  very  truly, 
J.  F. 

London,  Oct.  30,  1872. 


A  CHALLEXGE  TO  THE  CLANS. 

Shrewsbury, 
13th  November,  1872. 

My  Dear  Sir, 

Following  up  the  offer  I 
made  in  a  previous  commuuication  to  you, 
with  regard  to  the  proposed  "  GaeUc 
Comparative  Lexicon,''  four  more  Mackays 
promise  to  contribute  £20  towards  it.  I 
can  rely  upon  obtaining  material  assist- 
ance from  at  least  twenty  more  of  the 
same  name,  of  my  personal  acquaintances. 

Now  for  the  members  of  other  clan 
names  to  come  forward  with  their  counten- 
ance and  support.  "  Who  gives  quickly, 
gives  twice."  Should  each  clan  contribute, 
on  an  average,  £50,  the  work  can  be  under- 
taken and  completed.  Pray  continue 
agitating  the  scheme.  Surely  Highlanders 
are  not  so  dead  to  the  value  of  such  a 
work  as  to  hold  back,  wkcn  it  is  so 
necessary  to  come  forward. — Ever  yours 
sincerely,  John  Mackay. 


NEWS  OF   THE   HIGHLANDS  AND 
ISLANDS. 

Greexocic.  —  Gaelic  -  Soiree.  —  The 
second  Gaelic  soiree  and  concert  under  the 
auspices  of  Tir  Nam  Beann  Lodge  I.O.G.T. 
was  recently  held  here.  Brother  Duncan 
Macpherson  occupied  the  chair.  After  tea, 
the  Chairman,  Brother  Macneil,  and  others, 
addressed  the  meeting.  To  add  to  the 
enjoyment  of  the  evening,  Brothers  Camp- 
bell and  jMacfarlaue  played  piobrachs ; 
and  Brothers  Blue  and  Black,  &c.,  sang 


278 


TPIE  GAEL. 


Dec,  187J. 


occasional  songs.  All  were  delighted,  and 
the  meeting  -was  a  great  success. 

Oban.  —  "\Vc  observe  that  Professor 
Blackie  generously  offers  a  prize  of  two 
guineas  to  the  best  Gaelic  scholar  in  Mr 
MacDougall's  Gaelic  class.  The  text-book 
is  D.  B.  Maclntyre's  songs,  and  the  exa- 
mination is  to  come  off  in  October,  1873. 
We  hope  that  our  friends  in  other  parts  of 
the  Highlands  will  take  an  example  of 
those  in  Oban,  and  start  Gaelic  classes  to 
qualify  themselves  in  the  language  of 
their  forefathers. 

Grand  IIigiii.and  Gatiieking. — Asrnay 
be  seen  from  our  advertising  columns,  a 
grand  assembly  of  the  natives  of  Ross-shire, 
in  Glasgow,  is  to  be  held  this  year,  on  the 
27th  December,  when  Kenneth  ]\Iurray, 
Esq.,  of  Geanies,  will  preside.  Under  the 
presidency  of  so  qualified  a  gentleman,  com- 
bined with  the  well  known  enthusiasm  of 
the  committee  and  their  indefatigable 
secretary,  Mr  Ross,  we  have  no  doubt  it 
will  be  eminently  successful :  and  it  only 
remains  for  us  to  add  that  vre  cordially 
recommend  all  who  desire  to  spend  a 
happy  evening  to  procure  their  tickets  as 
early  as  possible. 


THE  TUAM  NEWS  ON  THU  GAEL. 
^Ye  have  this  week  received  from  the 
publishers,  Nicholson  &  Co.,  7-i  Argyle  St., 
Glasgow,  a  copy  of  a  new  Gaelic  periodical 
or  newspaper  in  Gaelic.  It  is  called  "An 
Gaidheal  ;  Pàpèir  Nuaidheachta,  agus 
Leabhar-sgeuil  Gaidhealach."  It  is  pub- 
lished only  monthly,  and  we  are  reminded 
that  this  copy  before  us  is  that  for  Novem- 
ber, by  the  words,  "  Ceud  mios  an  Gheamh- 
raidh,  1872."  We  bid  the  Gaelic  newspaper 
ten  thousand  welcomes — "  ceud  mile  failte," 
say  we,  in  the  language  of  the  Gael  of 
Ireland.  "  Se  do  bheatha  a  phapeir  nuai- 
dheachta aig  teact  chugainn  a  n  oir  as  tir  na 
sean-Gaedhal,  as  tir  na  h-Albaine,  as  tir 
Cholumb-cillo,  aL'us  ar  muinlire  fein.  Sc  do 
bhf  atha.  Is  raait  linn  go  bh-fuil  tu  a  lathair. 
Bi  slan."  We  take  it  as  a  favourable  omen 
this  publication  from  the  pens  of  our  High- 
land friends.  It  will  tend  to  unite  the  clan 
of  the  Gael  in  the  North  of  Caledonia  ;  it 
will  be  a  mes.=;cngor  of  fraternity  between 
the  old  Gaels  of  Eire,  or  Scotia  Major,  and 
the  younger  branch,  the  Gaels  of  Scotia 
3\Tinor.  'Ihere  was  a  time  when  the  people 
of  Scotland  were  in  accord  with  the  Milesian 


stock  in  Ireland.  Theyhad  a  right  to  be  one; 
they  were  originally  of  one  stock,  they 
spoke  a  common  language.  Irishmen 
taught  them  the  Christian  faith — Coluraba, 
an  Irish  monk,  evangeliaid  them.  Zona, 
peopled  by  Irishmen,  taught  them  the  arts 
and  sciences  and  religion.  The  Highland 
Gaels  deserve  the  thanks  of  Irishmen 
for  this  example  of  national  life  and 
national  union.  It  is  a  sign  of  national 
life.  It  is  the  expression  of  national 
unity,  to  a  certain  extent,  and  of  national 
life,  of  Home  Pvule — of  a  people  distinct 
from,  though  united  with,  the  people  of 
England.  It  is  an  effort  to  be  like  Wales. 
Where  is  Ireland  in  the  race  of  national 
distinctness?  Where  is  her  Irish  national 
press?  are  we  fairly  snuff'ed  out  as  a 
people  ?  We  are  no  where.  No  echo  of 
the  past  bearin<r  on  the  present.  No  vocal 
link  uniting  the  times  of  old  with  the 
glories  and  the  defeats  and  victories  to  the 
present  %vith  its  aspirations  for  unity,  for 
Home  Rule,  and  for  national  life.  Is  the 
national  pulse  dead?  Is  the  silent  breath- 
ing of  dissolution  in  the  throat  and  in  the 
heart  of  the  nation?  No  Irish  voice — no 
pen?  No  word  of  the  Gaelic?  Yes,  ÌQ 
Connaught  and  in  Munster  there  are  still 
thousands  who  are  alive,  and  who  will 
foster  the  dying  nation,  and  will  yet 
restore  her  to  a  sound  healthy  existeace. 


ANSWERS  TO  CORRESPONDENTS. 

R.  M. — Your  verses  may  soon  appear. 

S.  G. — The  "Historical  Geography 
of  the  Clans  of  Scotland"'  is  published 
by  W.  k  A.  K.  Johnstone,  Edinburgh. 
The  map  is  well  executed,  and  the  con- 
tents to  the  letter-press  varied.  The 
price  is  only  7s  Cd. 

"  Ddnedin." — You  forgot  to  send 
your  name  and  address.  Do  so,  and  we 
may  do  something  for  you. 

Letter  by  Mr  Edmunds,  author  of 
"  Names  of  Places,"  in  reply  to  Colonel 
Robertson's  article  in  the  November 
Gael,  shall  appear  in  our  next. 

D.  W.  F.  London. — We  shall  inquire. 

M.  Campbell,   Cape  Breton. — The  , 
History  of  the  Isle  of  Skye,  by  the  late 
Alexander  Cameron,  is  published  by  E. 
Forsyth,  Inverness.     Price  Gs. 


I  Leabh.]        TREAS  MIOS  A'  GHEAMHRAIDH,  1873. 


[11  AlR. 


AIR     CRUINN  -  MHEALLABH 

SOILLSEACH  NAN  SPEUR. 

III.  Earrann. 

AIR  CO-SHUIDHEACHADH  BHEX- 
UIS  AG  US  NA  TALMEAINN. 
An  uair  a  bheachdaiclaeas  sinn  le 
curam  air  na  neamhaibli  03  ar  ceann, 
far  am  bheil  na  milte  grian,  rionnag, 
agus  reult,  a'  tilgeadh  a  mach  an  solais 
air  feadh  na  cruitheachd,  agus  far  am 
bheil  iad  gu  leir  air  an  suidheachadh  gu 
h-eagnaidh,  agus  a'  siubhal  gu  riaghail- 
teacli  'n  an  cuairtibh  eug-samhla  fein, 
is  ceart  a  dh'  fheudas  sinn  eigheach  a 
mach  maille  ri  SalmaJair  binn  Israeil 
— "  Cia  lionmhor  t-oibre,  a  Thighearna! 
ann  an  gliocas  rinn  thu  iad  gu  leir," 
"  agus  molaidh  t'  oibre  gu  leir  thu." 
Tha  cumhacbd  neo-chriochnaichte  leh- 
obhaih  air  'fhoillseachadh  d'ar  sealladh, 
agus  d'ar  tuigse,  air  mhodb  miorbhuil- 
each,  leis  na  solusaibh  a  ta  'triall  gu 
neo  -  mhearachdach  'n  an  cuairtibh 
sònruichte,  agus  a  ta,  mar  sin,  a'  co- 
lionadh  na  criche  air  son  an  d'  rinneadb 
iad  air  tiis!  Co,  uime  sin,  aig  am 
bheil  comus  amhairc  air  na  comharaibh 
mòr  agus  soillseach  so,  gun  a  bhi  a' 
beachd-smuiineachadh  air  bith,  air 
Ihthaireachd,  agus  air  cumhachd  an 
Ti  sin,  trid  am  bheil  gach  ni  anns  na 
neamhaibh,  agus  air  an  talamh,  a'  co- 
sheasarah?  Air  an  aobhar  sin,  ''Biodh 
ard  chliu  Dhe  ann  am  beul  nan  uile, 
moladh  iad  e  air  son  a  ghniomhara 
treuna — moladh  iad  e  ann  an  speuraibh 
a  chumhachd." 

Air  duinn  cunntas  a  thoirt  's  an  ear- 
rainn  mu  dheireadh,  air  an  reult  Mer- 
curi,  on  is  i  a's  dluithe  do'n  ghrein,  labh- 
raidh  sinn,  a  nis    air    Bhenus,  an  ath 


reult  ann  an  ordugh.  Tha'n  reul 
dhealrach  so  a'  cuairteachadh  na  greine 
ann  an  cearcall  a  ta  ochd  agus  tri 
fichead  muillean  de  mliiltibh  air  astar 
uaipe  ;  agus  tha  i  a'  triall  air  a  slighe 
mu  thimchioll  ceithir  fichead  mile  de 
mhiltibh  anns  an  uair!  Tha  i  seachd. 
mile  agus  ochd  ceud  de  mhiltibh  troipe, 
a'  cur  car  di  air  a  mul  fein  ann  an 
ceithir  uairean -fichead,  agus  a'  crioch- 
nachadh  a  turuis  mu'n  ghrein  ann  an  da 
cheud  agus  ceithir  latha  fichead  gu  leth 
de  na  laithibh  againn-ne,  iiine  a  ta 
'deanamh  suas  na  bliadhna  aice-se.  'S 
i  Bhenus.  de  gach  uile  reult,  a's  faigse 
do'n  talamh  againne-ne,  air  an  aobhar 
sin  chithear  mor  agus  dealrach  i  an 
coimeas  ri  aon  air  bith  eile  de  na  reul- 
taibh!  Theirear,  mar  a's  trice,  an 
reult-mhaidne,  agus  fheasgair,  rithe  so. 
An  uair  a  bliios  i  an  iar  air  a'  ghrein, 
chithear  anns  a'  mhadainn  i,  agus  an 
uair  a  bhios  i  an  ear  air  a'  ghrein,  cbi- 
thear  air  an  fheasgair  i,  corr  agus  leth- 
bhliadhna  m'an  seach! — Cha'n  'eil 
Bhenus  a  bheag  ni's  lugha  na'n  talamh 
air  am  bheil  sinne  a'  gluasad,  ach  air 
di  a  bhi  ni's  faigse  do'n  ghrein,  tha 
barrachd  teas  agus  soluis  a'  bualadh 
oirre,  na  tha  air  an  talamh!  Ged  nach. 
'eil  an  reult  mhaiseach  so,  aig  astar  co 
fad  uainn-ne  ris  na  reultaibh  eile,  gidh- 
eadh  tha  a  deax'rsadh  agus  a  soilleir- 
eachd  co  mor,  's  nach  soirbh  aon  ni 
amharc  oirre  leis  na  gloineachaibh,  eaàh- 
on  a's  fearr,  chum  gach  ni  a  bhuineas 
di  a  chur  an  ceill  le  fior  chinnteachd. 
Air  do  na  cuairtibh  aig  Mercuri  agus 
Bhenus,  a  bhi  eadar  an  talamh  agus  a' 
ghrian,  chithear  iad  a'  fas  agus  a'  caith- 
eamh,  cosmhuil  ris  a' ghealach  ur!  Tha 
na  cuairtean  anns  am  bheil  iad  a'  ruith. 


280 


AX  GAIDHEAL. 


Trcas  Miog  a'  GheamhraiJh,  1S73. 


CO  cumhann,  an  coiraeas  ri  cuairtibh 
nan  reult  eile,  's  gu  m  blioil  iad  a 
ghnath  air  am  faicinn  am  fagus  do"n 
ghrcin,  agus  air  uairibh  tlia  iad  co  fa- 
gus di  's  gu'ra  blieil  a  dearrsadh  'g  am 
foluch  gu  h-iomlan  o  'r  scalladh !  Nach 
leoir  na  nitbe  so  chum  gliocas  neo- 
chrioclinuiclite  an  Ti  a  dhcalbb  iad  a 
dheanamli  follaiscach  do  na  li-uile?  agus 
nach  leoir  iad  chum  toirt  oirnne  a  radh, 
maillo  ris  an  abstol — '•  Trc  chreidimh 
iha  sinn  a'  tuigsinn  gu'n  do  chruthaich- 
eadh  na  saogbail  tre  fhocal  De,  air  chor 
do  nach  drinneadh  nanithe  achitbear  do 
nithibb  a  bha  ram  faicinn.' --Eabh.xi.r;. 
Labbraidh  sinn,  a  nis,  rau"n  tahvmb, 
a  ta  n  a  reult  cosmhuil  riusan  a  dli' 
ainmich  sinn  agus  a'  siubhal  iiurn 
cuairt  do'n  gbrein  ann  an  am  suidbicbte! 
Is  ball  cruinn  an  talamb,  a  ta  dluth  air 
ochd  mile  de  mliiltibb  troimhe,  agus 
CÒÌ2  thar  fbichead  mile  de  mbiltibh 
mun  cuairt.  Tba  e  "siubhal  mu'n 
cuairt  do'n  ghrein  ann  an  cearcall,  a 
tba  ccithir  fichcad,  agus  coig  muillean 
deug  de  mbiltibh  air  astar  uaipe  :  agus 
gabliaidb  e  tri  cheud,  tvi  fichead,  agus 
coig  laitbean,  agus  teann  air  sea  uairean 
iline,  chum  aon  chuairt  a  chur  air  a' 
gbrein,  agus  tha'n  lune  so  a  deanamb 
suas  na  bliadbna  againne. — Ged  is  bras 
a  ta  'n  talamh  mar  so  a'  siubhal  sea 
fichead  uair  nis  luaithe  na  peileir 
gunna-mbòir  gidheadb,  cha  'n  'eil  c  idir 
CO  luath  ri  Mercuri,  a  cbeann  nach  'eil 
e  "deanamb  ach  mu  tbri  fichead  agus 
ochd  mile  dc  mbiltibh  anns  an  uair,  am 
feadh  's  a  ta  Mercuri  "deanamb  corr 
agus  ceud  mile  de  mbiltibh!  Tha'n 
talamh,  mar  an  ceudna  a'  tionndadh  air 
a  mbul  fein,  gacli  uile  cbeitliir  uaire 
fichead  agus  mar  so  tba  ceitbir  uairean 
ficlicad  air  fad  anns  an  latba  againn-ne! 
Tba  na  nithe  so  uile  iongantach  annta 
fein ;  ach  an  deigh  sin  tba  iad  fior. 
Cha  soirbh,  gidheadb,  le  daoinibb 
aineolach  a  thuigsinn,  gu'm  bheil  an 
talamh  idir  a'  carachadli,  no  'gluasad 
as  an  aon  àite.  Tba  iad  mar  a's  trice 
s  a'  bharail,  gu'm  bheil  e  neo-ghluasad- 


I  ach,     am     feadh    's    ta    a'   ghrian,    na 

rionnagan,  agus  fcacbd  neimbe  gu  leir, 

,  a'  cur  char  diubh  mu'n  cuairt  da! — Is 

i  iongantach    loo.    mar    an    ceudna    r'a 

smuaineachadh,  gu'm  bheil  an  talamh 

so  'n  a  reult,  a  ta  'n  am  beacbd-san,  ni's 

:  mo  na  aon  air  bith  de  na  rionnagaibh 

I  beaga,    drilinneach  sin,   a    chithear   'n 

am    miltibh    anns    na    speuraibh,    air 

oidbche    shoilleir.       Ach    tba    e    fior, 

I  gu'm  bheil  an  talamh  a'  gluasad  air  a 

j  mbul  fein,  gach  la;  agus  ann  an  cear- 

j  call    mu'n    cuairt    do'n    ghrein,    gach 

i  bliadbna ;     ceart    luar    a    ta    Mercuri, 

B/icnus,    agus    na    reultan    eile.       Tba 

mòran   an  diiil,  gu'm  bheil  a'    ghrian 

agus  na  reultan,  a'  ruith  gu  luath  anns 

na  speuraibh  mu'n  cuairt  do"n  talamh, 

nach  'eil  a'  carachadli  as  'aitc ;  ach  tba 

iad  air  am  mealladb  an  so  'n  am  barail, 

ceart  mar  a  ta  iad,  an  uair  a  ghiixlainear 

iad  seachad  gu  luath  air  luing  an  cois 

fearainn ;  oir  an  sin,  tha  iad  an  dùil, 

nach   'eil   an  long  a'   caracbadh ;    ach 

gu'ra  bheil  am  fearann  a  ruith  gu  grad 

seacliad  orra ! 

Dh'  ainmich  sinn  a  cheana,  gur  i  a' 
ghrian  a'  ta  toirt  soluis  agus  teas  do  na 
reultaib  buile,  agus  air  do'n  talamh  so  a 
bhi  'na  reult,  tha  e  'mealtuinn  buannacbd 
an  t  soluis  agus  an  teas  so  mar  an  ceudna. 
Tha  darna  leth  na  talmhainn  a  ghnath 
air  a  shoillscachadh  leis  a'  ghrcin,  agus 
tha'n  leth  eile  ann  an  dorchadas.  Ach 
o'n  tha'n  talamh  a'  tionndadh  air  a 
mbul  fein,  o'n  iar  gus  an  ear,  gach  uile 
cbeitliir  uaire  fichead,  tba  solus  agus 
doi'cbadas  a'  teachd  oirnne  mu'n  seach, 
anns  an  bine  sin.  Mar  so,  tba  la  agus 
oidbche  a'  leantuinn  acbeile;  agus  an 
uair  a  ta  an  taobh  air  am  bheil  sinne 
do'n  chruinne-cbe,  air  a  shoillscachadh, 
tba  'n  taobh  eile  dbeth  ann  an  dorchadas. 
Air  an  aobhar  sin,  an  uair  a  bbios  an 
lii  againn-ne  's  an  Eilean  Bhreatunnach, 
bithidh  an  oidlicbe  aca  's  na  h-Innsibh 
an  aird  an  car — ann  an  China  i\gus  ann 
an  Australial  Tha  mar  an  ceudna, 
claonadb  sonraichte  aig  mul  na  talmh- 
ainn, trid  am  bheil  solus  na  greine  a' 


Tre.is  Mios  a  Ghcamhraidh,  ; 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


281 


bualadh  aigamannaibh  de'n  bhliadhna, 
air  earrainn  ni's  lugha  de   cliearnaibli 
tuatha  na  talmhainn,  na  aig  amannaibh 
eile  ;  air  an  aobhar  sin,  tha  na  laithean 
againn    fada    agus   goirid,   a   reir   sin. 
Agus  feudaidh  sinn  a  nis  ainmeachadli 
nacli  'eil  na  cuairtean,  na  ccarcaill,  no 
na  slighean  farsuing  sin,  anns  am  bheil 
na  reultan  a'  siubhal  mu  tliimchioU  na 
greinc,    gu    h-iomlan    cruinn,    ach    air 
cumadh  uibhe  ;  air  an  aobhar  sin,  tha  e 
furast  fhaicinn,  an  uair  a  ta  a'  glirian 
air  a  suidheachadh  ann  am  raeadhon  nan 
cuairt  sin,    gu'm    bi   na    reultan    a    ta 
'gluasad  annta,  ni's  faide  o'n  ghrein,  aig 
amannaibh  araidh  de'n   bhliadhna,  na 
aig  amannaibh  eile.     Ceart  mar  so,  raa 
ta,  tlia'n  talamh    a'  suibhal   rau  thim- 
chioU  na  greine,  ann  an  cearcall  a  ta 
ni's  mo  ann  am  fad,  na  tha  e  ann  an 
lend;  uirac  sin,  tha  e  air  uairibh  de'n 
bhliadhna    fad    o'n    glireia,    agus    air 
uairibh  eile  ni's  giorra  uaipe;  agus  tha 
so,  maille  ris  a'  chlaonadli    a    ta  'n  a 
mhul  fein,  a'  deanamh  Samhraidh  agus 
Geamhraidh,  a  cheann  do  thaobh  nan 
astar    eug-samhla    a    ta'n    talamh    o'n 
ghrein,  nach  'eil  a  chearnan  iomallach 
a'  mealtuinn  a  soluis  agus  a  teas,  ann  an 
tomhas  co-ionann.    Tha  gach  cuairt  agus 
gach  caochladh  dliiubh  so,  air  am  faot- 
uinn  a  mach  co  cinnteach,  agus,  co  eag- 
nuidh  le  rculatairibh,  agus  air  an  tomhas 
CO  curamach  leò,  's  gu'm  bheil  fios  aca  air 
a'  cheart  uair  agus  mhionaid  anns  an 
cricchnaich  gach  reult  a  turus,  agus  cia 
CO   fad  's  a  ta  an   laithean,   agus   am 
bliadhnaichean  fa  leth.     Gu  cinnteach 
is  iomadh  innleachd  a  fhuair  an  duinne 
a  mach ;  ach  an  deigh  sin  cia  faoin  a 
dhichioll,  agus  cia  co  neo-iomlan  a  cho- 
mas,  chum  sUghean,  agus  oibre  an   Ti 
ghlormhoir  sin  a  rannsachadh  a  mach. 
A  ta'na  shuidhe  air  cuairt  natalmhainn! 
An  urrainn  sinnc  le  rannsachadh  Dia 
fhaigheil  a  mach  gu  h-iomlan?     Feuch 
is  iad  na  nithe  air  an  robh  sinn  a'  labh- 
airt,  cuid  d'a  shlighibh ;  ach  cia  beag 
a'  chuibhrionn  a  chuala  sinn  deth? 
Sgiathanach. 


CALLUM  A'  GHLINNE. 

V.  Earrann. 

Cho  luath  'sa  fhuair  Galium  cairteal- 
an  freagarrach  ann  an  Glaschu,  an  aite 
a  bhi   'cur  saachad  nine,    no  a'  caith- 
eamh  nan  gearr-bhonn  a'sireadh  a  luchd- 
duthcha  agus  a  luchd  eolais  o  shraid  gu 
sraid,  is   ann   a  sheall   e  mach  airson 
cosnaidh,  ann  'sa'  cheud  dol  a  mach  ; 
agus  cha  deachaidh  e  ach  goirid  gus  an 
do  shoirbhich  leis  ;  agus  cha  b'  fhada 
gus  an  do  choisinn  e  deagh-ghean  agus 
muinighin  a  mhaighistir ;  oir  a  bharr 
air    e    bhi  'n  a  oibriche    glan,    teoma,^ 
riaghailteach   agus  bunailteach,    bha  e 
smiorail,  tapuidh,  gradcharacli,  suairce, 
siobhalta  agus  taitneach  'n  a  chonaltradh 
agus  'n  a  ghiùlan.     Mar  choigreach  am 
measg  aireandi  cho  mor — oir  bha  corr 
agus  leth  cheud  fear  ceairde  ag  obair 
fo'n  aon  fhardoich  ris — dli'  fhairich  e 
gun  dail  cho  feunail  'sa  bha  e  dha  'bhi 
air   'fhaicill  agus  'n  a  dhusgadh  'n  am 
measg.     Bha  cuid  dhiu  nach  do  clieil 
am  mi-run,  an  gamhlas,  agus  am  farmad 
ris  as  leth  na  choisinn  e  de  miicas  agus 
de  fhabhar  o  'mhaighistir,  agus  o  luchd- 
riaghlaidh  na  h-oibre.     Bha  cuid  dhiu 
a  tliaisbean   o'n  Iclh-a-muigh  caoimh- 
neas  agus  saorsa  ris,  a  chuir  deuchainn 
ri    h-uine    air    a    chairiseachd    air    a 
dhuinealas,    agus,    air  a    chrionnachd. 
Bha     caraiche    sliom,     seolta,    'n     a!u 
measg     d'      am     b'       ainm       Micheil 
Balgaire.       Blia      cliii      agus      sloin- 
neadh    Mhicheil    ann    an   ioma   seadli 
co-fhreagarrach    ri    chcile.     B'    aithne 
dha  gu  gle  mhath,  e  fein  a  thaisbeandh 
anns  gach  caochladh  cruth  agus  coltais 
a    dh'-fhaodadh   a  bhi   freagarrach  do 
gach  suidheachadli   anns   an   tachridh 
dha  tuiteam.    Ann  an  seadh  araidh,  bha 
Micheil,    "  na   h-uile  ni   do   na    h-uilc 
neach,"    a   thigeadh   'n  a  rathad.     Bu 
choidheas  leis  cuideachd  Criosduidh  no 
Anacnosduidli,antuasal  no  antanuasal, 
an  glan  no  an  neoghlan,  na  'n  saoileadh 
e  gum  bu  chomasach  dha,  le  an  deagh- 
ghean   a  chosnadh,   an   caradh   no   an 


282 


AN  GATDHEAL. 


Treas  Mios  a'  Gheamhraidh,  1873. 


aomadh  airson  a  clirioclian  cuil-bheart- 
ach  gabhdach  fein.  Do  neach  air  bith 
a  bhiodli  dri^beil  air  taitneasan  ana- 
measarra  a'  bliaile  mhoir,  b'e  brod  a' 
chompanaicli  agus  an  fhir-iùil  e.  Clia 
robli  ciiil  no  ciiilidh  uaigneach,  taigh- 
cluicbc  no  seomar  ciùil,  no  scomar 
dannsa  an  taobh  a  staigh  do  clirioclian 
Ghlaschu  air  nacb  robli  e  niion-còlach. 
Cha  robh  clcasaiche  no  ban-chleas- 
aiche,  aiuhailteacli  no  burraidli-abhaclid 
air  na  sgrdain-cliluiche  o  cbladacli  gu 
cladacli  de'n  rioghachd  air  nacli  robh 
tombas  de  fbiosrachadb  aige,  agus  gu 
h-àraidh  mu  gacli  cagarsaich  sgainneal- 
acb  no  amharusacli  a  thaobh  an  cliti 
modhanail.  B'aithne  dlia  o  slieacbduin 
gu  seachduin  co  iad  na  b-eicb-reise  as 
am  bu  mho  an  robh  de  earbsa  aig 
luchd  na  geall-chluich  air  fcadh  na 
rioghachd,  agus  na  gill  a  bha  air  an 
leagail  an  aghaidb  a  cheile  as  an  leth 
anns  gach  aite  fa  chomhair  nan 
reisean  anns  an  robh  iad  gu  ruith. 
B'aitime  dha  gach  taigh  osda  ann  'sa' 
bhailefaram  biodh  coinneamhan  diomh- 
air  aig  luchd  na  geall-chluich  o'  am 
gu  am,  agus  am  measg  am  faighte 
moran  dc  chleirich  agus  de  ghillean 
bhuithean  d'am  bu  chleachdadh  a  bhi 
ag  gabhail  air  iasad  gun  chead,  a 
cobhain-airgid  am  maighistircan,  air 
chunnart  a  bhi  air  am  brath  agus  air 
am  maslachadh,  ach  daonnan  ann  an 
dochas  ri  buannachd  fhaotainn  dlioibh 
fein  gun  fhios  agus  gun  chall  d'am 
maighistircan.  Leag  Michcil  a  shuil 
air  Galium  o'n  cheud  dol-a-mach,  agus 
ged  a  bha  c  gle  shoilleir  dha  nach 
ro  mor  mhcas  aig  a  cliomli  sheirbhisich 
air  Micheil,  ciod  air  bith  a  b'aobhar 
dha,  fhuair  Galium  e  cho  suairce,  cho 
comaineach  agus  cho  failtcach  is  gu'n 
robh  e  gu  mor  air  a  thaladh  ris  mar 
charaid  anns  am  faodadh  e  tomlias  de 
earbsa  'chur;  ach  cha  bu  liiaithe  dh' 
fhairich  Micheil  gu'n  do  choisinn  e  a 
mhuinighin,  na  'thaisbean  c  na  crio- 
chan  a  bh'aigc  'san  amharc  anns 
gach   caoimhncas  agus  cairdcas-beoil  a 


nochd  e  dha.  Air  do  Challum  a 
bhi  na  choigreach  agus  ro  dheigheil 
air  cuid  de  iongantasan  Ghlaschu 
fhaicinn,  dh'aontaich  e  gu  toileach  ri 
dol  mu'n  cuairt  le  Micheil  anns  na  f  eas- 
gair ;  agus  gu  dearbh  cha  b'  f  hurasda 
dha  fear-iuil  a  b'  fhearr  fhaotainn  ; 
ach  air  a'  cheud  f  heasgar  a  ghabh  iad 
cuairt  feadh  a'  bhaile,  cha  deachaidh 
iad  ro  f  hada  gus  an  do  bhuail  pathadh 
air  Micheil,  agus  b'  f  heudar  taghal  aig 
aon  de  thaighean  osda  a'  Bhroomielaio 
airson  dcoch-iirachaidli.  Bha  Micheil 
eolach  air  an  osd-fhear — duine  uasal 
fiiighail,  coir,  flathasach,  agus  fior 
Ghaidheal  gu  craimh  an  droma,  agus 
aig  am  faighte  smior  an  Ilich,  gun 
truailleadh  gun  mlieasgachadh.  Mu'n 
gann  a  chaidh  iad  thar  na  stairsnich 
bha  bord-malairt  nach  faca  Galium  a 
leithid  riamh  o  'rugadh  e — luchdaichte 
le  stòpain  agus  le  noigeanan  airgid  agus 
crystal,  agus  fear  an  taighe  e-feiu  gun 
ad  gun  bhoineid.  gun  chota  gun  chasag, 
le  mnilcheanan  a  Icine  trusta  gu  'ach- 
laisean,  agus  e  'cur  na  smuid  dheth  a' 
taosgadh  suas  dibhe  de  gach  seorsa  a 
broinn  a'  bhuird-mlialairt,  le  geimhleag- 
an  riomhach  air  an  còmhdach  thairis 
le  or,  le  airgiod  agus  le  iobhri.  Ghuir 
antosd-f  hear  failte  chridheil  air  Micheil, 
agus  ceud  failte  air  a'  choigreach  òg, 
air  do  Mhicheil  ainm  'sa  shloinneadh 
ainmeachadh.  Sheòl  e  staigh  iad  do'n 
t-seomar  chuil,  ach  anns  an  dol  seachad 
thug  Galium  fainear  do  Mhicheil  a' 
eaogadh  ris  an  osd-fhear.  'N  uair  a 
dh'  fhosgail  dorus  an  t-seomair,  bha 
e  cheana  Ian  de  aoidhean,  dheth  nach 
do  ghabh  Galium  mor  chiatadh  :  a 
bharr  air  na  bha  de  giileadhraich  agus 
de  utaig  'n  am  measg,  cuid  a'  seinn 
òrain,  agus  cuid  a  deasbad  agus  a  conn- 
sachadh  :  bha  fàileadh  deistinneach 
toit  tliombaca  agus  na  min-shàbhaidh 
shalach  lobhta  leis  an  robh  an  t-urlar 
air  a  chorahdach  is  gu'n  d'  fhairich  Gal- 
ium bochd  e  fein  an  impis  a  thachdaidh, 
thionndaidh  e  gu  grad  air  a  shall,  le 
run  a  bhi  raach  air  an  t-sraid  a  dh'  aon 


Treas  Mios  a'  Gheamhraidh,  187 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


283 


leum,ach  bha  Micheil  agus  an  t-osdair  ri 
'uchd.  Threòi'aich  iad  e  a  staigh  do  chuil 
bheag  chumhann  dhorcha  far  an  robli 
bord  beag  aimhleathan,  agus  aite  suidbe 
airson  triuir  no  ceathrar.  Rinn  fear 
an  taighe  an  ditb-bbeatba  le  sgaile  a' 
bhotull  fein,  agus  dh'  f  bag  e  'nan  aonar 
iad.  Cha  bu  luaithe  'fbuair  Micheil 
iotadh  a  cbasg  air  cosd  Cballuim  na 
dh'  f  has  e  rud  eigin  sgith,  agus  cha 
rachadh  e  ni  b'  f  haideair  an  fheasgar  ud. 
Am  feadh  a  bha  Micheil  a'  leigeil  a 
sgios  dheth,  bha  Galium  ag  eisdeachd 
le  cluais  fhurachair  ris  na  bha  del  air 
adhart  anns  an  t-seomar  chuil,  agus 
anns  na  cuiltean  cumhann  eile  a  bha 
fosgailte  ri  dorus  cuil  an  taigh-  osda. 
Cha  b'fhada  gus  an  cual  e  sgal  na  pioba 
moire  ga  gleusadh  air  taobh  eile  na 
claraidh,  agus  casbhruidhiun  ard  ghlea- 
dhracli  de  bheurla  agus  de  ghailig  am 
measg  a  cheile  ;  agus  gun  dail  thainig 
fear  an  taighe  staigh  gun  chead  gun  iar- 
raidh,  don  chuil  's  an  robh  Micheil' 
agus  Galium,  le  dithis  no  triuir  comhla 
ris  de  Ghaidheil  rapach,  leibideach, 
nach  robh  ro  sgiobalta  aon  chuid  'nan 
eideadh  no  'nan  conatradh.  Chuir  iad 
failte  chridheil  bhrosgullach  air  Galium, 
mar  choigreach  agus  mar  f  hear  duthcha; 
agas  gun  tuilleadh  seamsain,  dh'  fbeum- 
adh  e  dol  leo,  aill  ar  n-aill,  don 
t-seomar  ^s  an  robh  an  ceol  agus  an 
dannsa.  Thug  Galium  taing  dhoibh 
airson  an  caoimhneis,  ach  dh'  iarr  e 
orra  a  lethsgeul  a  ghabhail ;  agus  dh' 
innis  e  dhoibh  nach  robh  a  bheag  de 
thlachd  aige  'n  a  leithid  sud  de  chaith- 
eamh-aimsii".  Chunnaic  Micheil  ann 
an  tiota  nach  robh  a  chompanach  gu 
bhi  air  a  ribeadh  aon  chuid  le  smadadh 
no  le  mi-mhodh,  agus  dh'eirich  e  gu  grad 
agus  thuirt  e  ri  Galium  gu'n  robh  an 
t-iim  a  bhi  'bogadh  nan  gad.  Ghabh 
e  eagal,  mar  bu  mhath  a  dh'  fhaodadh  e, 
gu'm  faca  agus  gu'n  cuala  e  air  an  fheas- 
gar ud  na  bu  leor  gu  a  ghraineachadh 
gu  buileach  o  bhi  a'  tathaich  air  osd- 
fhearan  Ghlaschu.  Thainig  eagalan 
Mhicheil   gu  Ian  bhuil   mar   a   shaoil 


e,  oir  riamh  'na  dheigh  sud  cha 
chuireadh  Galium  air  ailghios  caraid 
no  eascaraid,  a  chas  thar  stairsneach 
aon  de  mhisg  thaighean  Ghlaschu, 
mar  theireadh  e  riu ;  an  aite  sin  is 
ann  a  bha  e  le  buaidh  'eiseimpleir 
agus  a  chomhairle,  'na  mheadhoin  air 
ioma  boganach  bochd  simplidh  dheth  a 
luchd  duthcha  a  thiorcadh  uatha.  Cha 
robh  e  riamh  na  thur-sheachnuiche ; 
cosmhuil  ri  ioma  ni  eile,  b  e  'bheachf^ 
soilleir  suidhichte  nach  robh  aon  choia 
cionta  no  cunnart  ann  a  bhi  a'  gnatha- 
chadh  deocli  laidir  gun  a  bhi  ga  mi- 
ghnathachadh  ;  cha  mho  a  bheireadh  e 
gnuis  no  aonta  do  ghluasadan  no  meas- 
arrachd  fhoirneadh  a  dheoin  na 
dhaindeoin  air  a  mhor  shluagh  le  Achd 
Pàrlamaid,  ach  rachadh  e  le  'uile 
chridhe  ann  an  aobhar  gach  gluasaid 
d'  am  bu  chrioch  a  bhi  'sguabadh  air 
falbh  no  a  lughdachadh  aireamh  misg- 
thaighean  nan  grùdairean  mosach, 
salach,  suarach,  a  tba  cho  millteach  air 
dcagh  bheusan  agus  airmaith  coitchionn 
nam  bailtean  mora — na  "  h-uaighean 
gealaichte  o'n  taohh  a  muigh  "  le  'n 
coinnleirean  meurach,  agus  le  'm  breagh- 
achd  dhrillseach  riomhach  chosdail,  ach 
0  'n  taobh  a  staigh  na'm  failean  malcta, 
le'n  cuiltean  salach  cumhann  dorcba  far 
nach  faigh  coigrich  no  luchd  astair  aite 
tàimh  no  cadail,  biadh  no  deoch,  ach 
deoch  laidir  ;  agus  a  tha  'tarruing  am 
beolaind  ach  beag  gu  h-iomlan  o  struidh- 
eas  anameasarra  fotus  an  t-sluaigh.  Be 
sud  an  co-dhunadh  gus  an  d'  thainig 
Galium  air  an  fheasgar  ud,  mar  thoradh 
air  na  chuala  agus  na  chunnaic  e  an 
taobh  a  staigh  do  'n  taigh  osda  ann  an 
cuideachd  Mhicheil.  Coma  co  dhiu — 
bha  ribeachan  eile  aithnichte  do 
Ml.icheil  leis  am  f'aodadh  Galium  ma' 
dh'  fhaodte,  'bhi  air  a  ghlacadh.  agua 
chuir  e  roimhe  feum  a  dheanamh  de 
gach  coLhrom  a  thigeadh  gu  bhi  ga 
tlialadh  'n  an  dail  gu  h-athaiseach  le 
foighidinn  agus  le  seoltachd 

MuiLEACH. 

(7?2'  leaniuinn.) 


284 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


Trcas  Mios  a'  Ghcaraliraidh,  1873. 


BOINEIDEAN  COKRACII. 

DUDINDIAIGH. 

Air  FONN  "  I'hc  Bonnets  of  Bonnie  Dundee." 
Ri  Siiir  Cuigpc  'n  Duneidiunn 

Tliuirt  Cl(5ibhers'  mar  so — 
Mu'n  d'  thig  crùn  an  R'lgh  'nuas 

"S  ioina  cnuachd  a  bliios  goirt ; 
Gach  lascaire  treun 

Leis  an  eibhneas  glonn-ghniomli 
'^^is  togadh  air,  's  leanadli  e 

Boineid  Dhuindiaigh  ! 

FoNN — Lionar  mo  chopan 

Dearr-lionar  mo  chuach 
'Us  diolaidear  m'  eachraidh, 

A  mach  biodh  mo  shluagh  ; 
'Ghrad  fhosglar  an  t-Iar-phort. 

'Us  leigear  dhomh  triall, — 
Tha  togail  fo  bboineidibh 

Corrach  Dhuindiaigh. 

Lcnm  Cleibhers'  air  'each 

Agus  mbarcaich  tre  'n  t-sraid 
Sheinn  na  cluig  air  an  ais, 

Bhuail  gach  druma  le  stsiirnn  ; 
Ars'  am  Prothaiste  coir, 

"  Leigear  foil  leis  a  shvian, 
Oir  'ri  raaith  as  ar  coraunn 

An  Rosad,  Dundiagh." 

Lionar  mo  chopan,  &c. 

Mar  mbarcaich  le  surd 

Tre  na  Lubaith,  'n  a  still, 
Bha  gach  cailleach  a'  tathunn, 

'S  a'  crathadh  a  cinn  ; 
'S  na  h-ogana  gràsmhor, 

'G  amiiarc  blath  air  an  t-sonn, 
"S  a  guidlie  'buaidh-larach,' 

Do  dh'  Armunn  nan  glonn.' 

Lionar  mo  chopan,  &c. 

Lion  Cuigsichc  searbh-ghnùiseach 

Margadii-an-f  heòir ; 
Mar  dhaoine  ri'n  crochadh 

B'e  coltas  a  phòir, 
'N  uair'  bha  iad  a'  coimhead, 

Le  goigh,  'us  le  fiamh, 
Am  faiceadh  iad  seolladh 

De  bhoineid  Dhuindiaigh. 

Lionar  mo  chopan,  &c. 


B'airm  sleagh,  'us  bior-feòla 

Do  na  ceosaich  o'n  lar, 
Agus  core  air  bharr  bata, 

A  chasg'radh  nan  cliar  ; 
Ach  theich  as  an  rathad, 

Le  h-athadh  fo  dhion, 
Aig  faotainn  doibli  plathadh 

De  mhaithibh  Dhiiindiaigli. 

Lionar  mo  chopan,  &c. 

Spuir  'each  gu  cois  craige  sin, 

Caisteil  nan  stuadh, 
Thuirt  grad  ris  a  Cheann — 

Coileach  sar  an  Taoibh-tuadh — 
•'  Canadh  '  ÌNIeig,'  'sa  co-bhrath'rean, 

Diog  bhlath'-coig  no  sea — 
A  labhras  teas  graidli 

Bhoineid  aird-ghuirm  Dhuindiaigh. 
Lionar  mo  chopan,  &c. 

Diuc  Gordon  "sin  dh'  iarr, 

'  Cean  is  triall  dliuit  a  Sheoid  ?  ' 
"An  ceum  sin  a  dh'f hoillsichcas 

Taibhse  Mhointrois! 
'Us  cluinnidh  bluir  Grasan, 

Gun  dail  ormsa  sgial  ; 
No  's  iosal  's  an  ari'haich 

Boineid  ard-ghorm  Dhuindiaigh 
Lionar  mo  chopan,  &.c. 

"  Ma  tha  Moirf  hearan  pailt, 

Ann  am  magh-thir  man  Gall, 
Gur  lionmhor  Cinn-chinnidh, 

'N  tir  ghlinnich  nam  beann, 
'S  naoi  mile  Duin'uasal, 

'Dh'  eireas  "suas  learn  gun  fhiamh 
'Us  iolach  a  thogas 

Air  bhoineid  Dhuindiaigh 

Lionr.r  mo  chopan,  &c. 

"  Air  an  sgeithidh  tha  prais — 

Seiche  Ian  chairte  'n  tairbh — 
'S  an  truaille  'tha  lamh  ri' 

Tha  staillinn  gun  mherig  ; 
Agus  dearsaidh  a'  phràis, 

Drillidh  'n  staillinn  mar  'ghrian 
'N  uair'  thogar  le  h-ardan 

Boineid  ard-ghorm  Dhuindiaigh. 
Lionar  mo  chopan,  &c. 

"  Air  falbh  thun  nan  coilltibh, 
Nan  creag,  'us  nam  beann  ; 


Tress  Mios  a'  Gheamhraidii,  IS 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


285 


2\i  mo  leaba  's  an  t-Saobhaidh, 

Mu  'n  taobh  le  righ  feall. 
Gabbaidh  oillt,  a  chealg-chuigsicb, 

'S  gearr-mbairiann  bbur  rian, 
Db'  fheobb  fatbast  garbb-sbeoUadh 

De  bhoineid  Dbuindiaigb." 

Lionar  mo  cbopan,  &c. 

Chratb  e  ritbe  nan  euch^, 

Agus  sbeid  an  stoc  eruaidb, 
"Choire-dhruma  bliuail  bras, 

Am  marc-sbluadb  "gbrad  gbluais  ; 
Seach  Stiuic  Bbaile-raobbaill, 

Agns  Raon  Bhaile-cliar — 
Gu'n  'chailleadb,  's:in  astar, 

Ceol  tartrach  Dbuindiaigb. 

Lionar  rao  cbopan,  &.C. 

[Ead.  leis  an  OUa  Urr.  Iain  Mac-an- 
t-saoir,  abba  'n  Cill-Math-Nibbeig.] 

lOLAIRE  LOCII-TPvEIG. 
Bha  roimbe  seo  seann  iolaire  mhor  a' 
tàinb  an  Aird-mbeadlioin  Locb-Treig", 
far  am  minig  a  bba  a  seòrsa.  Bba  i 
liatb  leis  an  aois  bbo'n  bu  cbuimbne 
leatba  ibein  e  ;  's  bba  i  uime  sin  an 
dull  gum  b'i  creutair  bu  shine  bba  beo  ri 
linn.  Acb  an  earalas  nacb  faodadb  a 
combaois  a  bbi  mairionn  an  ait  eigin, 
chuir  i  roirabpe ,  an  ciad  cbotbrom  a 
gheobbadb  i,  sgrib  a  tboirt  air  cbuairt. 
Bliadbn'  a  blia  "n  sin,  tbainig  an  aon 
Oidhcbe-Bbealltuin  a  b'  fbuaire  db' 
fhairicb  no  cbunnaic  i  riabh,  agus 
sraaoinieb  i  gum  bu  mbatb  an  leisgeul 
d'i  e  air  a  run-fallaicb  a  cbur  an 
gmomh  ;  agus  's  a'  mbaduinn  mhoich 
Latba-Bealltuinn  sin  fhein  seach  latba 
sa  bitb,  mu'n  do  bldais  na  h-eoin  eile 
ant  uisge,  togar  oirre  air  cheann  a 
turuis.  Cbarobb  diiil  bheù  a  tbacbradh 
oirre — acb  nial  na  b-aoise  bbi  oirre, 
nach  farraideadb  :  Am  fac  thu  Oidhche- 
Bbealltuinn  riabh  cbo  fuar  ris  an  oidbcbe 
'n  raoir  ?  acb  cban  f  bac  a  h-aon.  Coma 
bba  'n  latha  as  a  thoiseach,  's  bba  i  mar 
seo  ag  cumail  air  ah-aghart  gun  chluain, 
gun  cblos  gus  an  do  thachair  seann 
dreathandonn  coir  cine.     "  Fàilt  air 


an  dreathan,  Latha  buidhe  Bealltuinn,'' 
ars  ise,  "  am  fac  tbu  riabh  Oidbche- 
Bbealltuinn  cbo  fuar  ris  an  oidhche  'a 
raoir  ?  "  Acb  sean  '3  g'  an  robh  tuar  'us 
dreach  an  dreatbain,  cha  b'  fhiosrach  e 
gu'm  fac.  Cba  robh  eòlas  aige  air 
creutair  bu  shine  na  e  fhein  ;  ach  cbual 
e  gu'n  robh  seann  ghobba-dubh  blio 
cbian  am  Bun-Ruaidh,  's  ma  bha  e 
fhatbast  beo,  gu'm  bu  dualacb,  ma 
thàinig  a  leitbid,  gu'm  fac  esan  i ;  agus 
sheòl  e  'n  ratbad  dh'  i.  Thug  i  taing 
do  'n  dreathan,  agus  togar  oirre  gu 
cèardacb  Bhun-Ruaidh.  Rainig  i ;  ach 
cha  robh  roimbpe  ach  larach  fhuar — • 
thriall  gach  mith  '3  gach  math,  acb  an 
gobha-dubh ;  's  bba  esan  fhein  bho 
cbian  dall  leis  an  aois,  agus  an  deigh  toll 
a  dheanamh  's  an  innean  ag  glanadh  a 
ghuib.  Chuir  i  failte  na  Bealltuinn  air 
a'  ghobha,  's  db'  innis  i  fath  a  turuis : 
"  Am  fac  thu  riabb,"  ars  ise,  "  Oidhcbe- 
Bhealltuinn  cbo  fuar  ris  an  oidh- 
che 'n  raoir  ?"  Thug  an  gobha 
glaomadh  bocbd  air  fhein,  's  thuirt  e 
nach  faca  riabh,  agus  nach  cual  e 
iomradh  air  a  leitbid;  ach  gu'n  robh- 
seann  udlaiche  bho  chionn  fhios  c'  uine 
tathaich  Choill-Lmse  ;  's  gu  'n  robh  a 
cbalg  air  liatbadh  leis  an  aois  bho  'n 
bu  cbuimbne  leis-san  a  bbi  na  bhùta 
bcag  a'  sgiatbais  air  feadh  nam  preas. 
"Bu  trie  leis  uine  's  aimsir  an  deigh 
sin,"  ars  esan,  "  tighinn  a  nail  air 
cbeilidh  orm  a  cbur  ssachad  na  h- 
oidhche  faide  Geambraidb,  agus  a  tboirt 
sgeòil  domh  air  cor  na  diilhcha ;  ach 
sguir  sin.  An  turns  mu  dheireadb  a 
bba  e  bbos,  bha  'n  aois  cbo  trom  iar 
laidhe  air,  's  gu  'm  beil  eagal  orm  nach 
'eil  e  'n  urrainn  gluasad  mor  a  dhean- 
amh. Thug  sinn  cbo  fad  an  coimh- 
earsnacbd  a  cbeile,  's  gu'n  dean  mi, 
mar  a  thuigeas  tusa,  sogan  ri  sbeann 
langan,  tiichanach  mar  a  tha,  an  uair  a 
cbluinneas  mi  e  's  a'  chambanaicb.  Is 
e  creutair  a's  sine  tha  liithair  an  diugb 
fad  m'  aithne  '3  m'  eòìais ;  agus  ma  ni 
thu  guth  aige  's  an  dol  scacbad,  innis 
dha  fath  do  thuruis,  agus  gu'm  fac  thu 


286 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


Treas  Mios  a'  Gheamhraidh,  1373. 


raise ;  's  mur  tV  tli:iinisj'caocliladh  air  ni 
e  do  Ian  di-bcatha."  Dh'aithris  e  'n  sin 
d'i  gnotliuichean  iiraid  a  tliachair  ri 
linn  nan  triath  bu  chuimhne  leis  am 
faicinn ;  mu  ouchdan  a  shiunsrean, 
agus  mu  bhuil  a  mhuirichinu.  An 
uaii'  a  bha  iad  ag  gabhail  "  raaduinn 
mbatli  "  le  cbeile  dli'carb  'iis  dh'earail  e 
oirre  tagbal  aige  an  atb  uair  a  bhiodh  i 
'n  ratbad.  Gbeall  i  gu  raodbail  do'n 
gbobba  gu'n  tagbladb ;  agus  tbog  i 
oirre  do  Choill-Innse,  's  fliuair  i  'nt 
iidlaicbe  na  cbriiban  am  fasgadb  seann 
stuic-fbearna  agus  spideanan  deigbe  le 
cuinneaunan  a  sbròine.  Chuir  i  fàilte 
na  Bealltuinn  air  agus  dh'innis  i  fàtb 
a  turuis :  "  Am  fac  thu  riabh,"'  ars  ise, 
'•  Oidbcbe-Bbealltuinn  cbo  f uar  ris  an 
oidbcbe  'n  raoir?'  Bba  'nt  iidlaicbe 
cbo  sean  's  gu'n  do  "  leig  e  'n  cabar  air 
ant  sblinnean;"  acb  tbuirt  e  air  a 
mhin-atbais  nach  bu  cbuimbne  leig  gum 
faca  riabh.  Fhuair  i  gu  faoilleacb, 
iuranacb  e,  agus  dh'fhiosraich  e  gu 
caoimbneil  mu'n  gbobba  dball.  Thug 
iad  an  sin  treallan  air  seancbus  agus 
air  sloinnteireacbd,  's  bha'n  iolaire 
dol  a  tbagairt  urram  na  b-aoise ; 
acb  an  uair  a  bba  iad  a'  dealacbadb, 
tbuirt  ant  iidlaicbe  gu'n  robli  breac 
cam  ann  an  locban  Clioire  na  ceanainn, 
air  an  do  chuir  e  eolas  an  triitb  a  bba 
e  na  laoigbean  òg  an  cois  a  mbàtbar  a' 
tigbinn  a  nail  an  Lairig-leacacb  a  Beinn 
a  bbric.  "  Bba  smalaicb  na  b-aoise 
g\v  an  uair  sin  f  hcin,"  ars  esan,  "  agus 


ma  tba  iiine  agad,  is  fiacb  dbut  dol  db' 
a  cboimbead — is  enacaiche  gasd  e." 
Is  e  bh'  ann  gu'n  do  tbog  i  rithist 
oirre,  's  gu'n  d'  rainig  i  'n  locban. 
Chuir  i  deocbeolais  air  a'  bhreac 
chain,  agus  db'  innis  i  fath  a  tur- 
uis ;  "  Am  fac  thu  riabh  Oidbcbe- 
Bbealltuinn  cbo  fuar  ris  an  oidbcbe  'n 
raoir?"  Tbuirt  am  breac  gu'm  fac — 
aon  oidhch'  eile,  's  gu'n  robb  i  cbo  fuar, 
's  ged  a  bha  e  'n  teas  'f  hala  's  an  treine 
'neart  gu'm  b'  6udar  dba  tòiseachadh 
air  gearradh  shùrdag  air  feadh  an  uisge 
'chumail  teas  air  fbein  ;  ''Agus,"  ars 
esan,  "  siirdag  db'  an  d'  thugas,  leumar 
jis  an  uisge,  's  buailear  mo  leth-cbeann 
ris  an  lie  dhuibb  ud  tball;  acb  bba 
nimb  an  reotbaidh  cbo  dian,  's  mu  'n 
d'  fhuair  mi  mi  f  hein  a  thoirt  air  m'  ais 
gu'n  do  lean  mo  shilil  ris  an  lie  ;  's  dh' 
fbag  sin  an  diugh  mise  cam!"  An 
tràtb  chual  an  iolair  sco,  thug  i  modh 
'us  urram  na  b-aoise  do  'n  bhreac ; 
agus  th'iU  i  air  a  b-ais  adb  Aird-mheadh- 
oin  adb  aithris  a  ggeoil  do  'n  iilach  òg. 

Chunnaic  iad  ioma  latba  geal,  grian- 
acb  an  deigh  sin  ;  acb  cbo  iad  's  a  b' 
urrainn  d'  i  sgiatb  a  ghluasad,  cba 
deacbaidh  Latha-Bealltuinn  fuar  notetb 
seacbad  oirre  nach  deacbaidh  i  tacan  air 
cheilidb  air  na  b-aosdai  corr — an  gobha, 
ant  iidlaicbe,  agus  am  breac. 

Abu  A  en. 

An  Tom  Buidhe, 
Toiseach  a'  Gheamhraidh,  1872. 


AN  GAIDIIEAL"  AGUS  AN  EALA. 


"An  Gaidheal." 
A !  Eala  bbàn  o  àros  cliiar  nan  tonn 
Stad  air  do  sgeith,  's  tboir  cisdeacbd  uair  do  m'  ghuth  : 
Innis  ciod  e  am  fearann  garbb  nan  sonn 
A  chunnaic  thu  'n  uair  threig  thu  fairge  liath  nan  srutb. 

An  Eala. 
Chnnnaic  mi  tball  air  cladach  lorn  na  b-iar, 
(Bbaghrian  san  am  a  tearnadh  dluth  ri  cuan) 


Treas  Mioa  a' Gheamhraidh,  1S73.  -^-^^     IxAiDHbAL.  287 

Oigfhear  leis  fhcin,  's  a  sliuil  air  tonnan  fiar 

Mar  neacli  a  dealbhadh  bhriath'r,  no  aon  a  riarach  smuain. 

"  Ruithidh"    thuirt  e  "gu  luath  a  nuas  gu  sail 

Am  fuaran  ùigli  ged  's  yaigneach  e  'sa'ghleann  ; 

Ach  o  mo  chridh' !  s  tu  'm  fuaran  daonan  Ian, 

Gun  doigh  'san  ruig  do  dhain  luclid  aiteach  tir  nam  beann." 

Cbnnnaic  mi  ris  's'mi  triall  seach  sliabb  a'  cheo, 

An  t-aosd  air  earn  bha  liath-ghlas  mar  e  fein  ; 

Bha  e  mar  neach  a  stad  bhi  raeasg  nam  beo  : 

Mar  thaibhs'  an  ceo  nan  stùc ;  gidheadh  'n  a  sliuil  bha  seun 

A  bhac  mo  tliriall,  is  dh'  eisd  mi  ris  a'  glilaodh 

A  bhris  o  'bheul,  'se  'bualadh  'chas  air  làr: 

"  A  chuirn  !  a  chuirn,  ged  's  balbh  thu  'n  seo  ri  m'  thaobh, 

Mor  smuainte  duisgidh  tu  air  linnte  aosd  nan  sar. 

"Acli  ged  bu  leamsa  spiorad  mor  nam  bard. 
An  cluiuneadh  each  gu  robh  mo  leithid  ann  ? 
Nach  bith'n  mar  eun  leis  fhein  am  frith  nan  ard 
Gun  aon  am  fagus  da  a  bheireadh  freagradh  fann?  " 

Aon  sealladh  eile  tharruing  sios  mb  shiiil : — 

Maighdean  'n  a  h-aonar  dliith  ri  sruthan  luath, 

Bha  'ciabha  dorch  ag  crith-chluich  sios  mu  'cfil, 

'N  uair  sguabadh  osag  chiuin  a  nios  feadh  Kib  nam  bruach. 

"  A  shruthain  aosd  "  cha  bhris  an  t-aog  do  ghuth 
(Seo  chuala  mi  'tigh'n  nios  troimh'n  bbarrach  uain') 
Theid  tim,  am  milltear,  thairis  ort  mar  chruth, 
Le  ceimeadh  samhach  rain's  cha  chlsnich  e  do  dhuan. 

''  Cha  'n  ionnan  thus  a  's  oighinnean  mo  thir, 

'S  gann  gheibhear  aon  diubh  chuireas  rann  r'a  cheil' : 

Mar  bhalbh-chlais  lom  on  d'f  halbh  an  sruth  gu  sior 

'S  tearc  thig  an  tuil  mu'n  cuairt  a  dhuisgeas  luaidh'nam  boil. 

'S  god  thogte  'n  dan,  an  cluinnte  e  le  sluagh. 

Tha  nis  air  fuadain  feadh  gach  uile  tbir  ? 

An  cluinnt'  e  leo  ?  cha  chluinn  gu  brath  mo  thruaigh  !  " 

'N  sud  dh'  fhag  mi  i  fo  chlaoidh,  'smi  'caoidh  an  sgeil  bhi  fior. 

"  An  Gaidheal." 

A !  Eala  bhàn,  their  as  gu  tir  nam  bard, 
'S  innis  gu'n  d'  eirich  teachdair  nuadh  dhoibh  fein, 
A  theid  gach  mios  a  mach  air  feadh  gach  aird ; 
Mar  cholman  'falbh  a's  sgeulachdan  fo  'sgeith. 

Thog  mise  'bhratach :  racli  a's  duisg  na  slòigh  : 

Mar  ionnsuidh  còmhrag  racb  is  gairm  na  trein  ; 

Glaodh  ris  a'  bhard,  na  dichuimhnich  na  h-oigh'n, 

'S  abair  gur  brath'r  mi'n  ainm,  'san  spiorad  mar  an  ccudn'. 

Mac-Oidhche. 


AN     G  AIDIIEAL.  ,,,.,  ,,,3  .V  Ghea.h.M,.,  un. 


"BUN-LOCHABAR." 

One  of  tlic  best  known,  and  deservedly  popular,  of  our  national  quick-steps, 
Avlien  properly  played  on  the  Piob-MhOr,  is  that  known  from  earliest  infancy  to 
every  Highlander  as 

Ga'aidh  sinn  an  rathad  raor, 
01c  no  math  le  each  e ! 

An  air  that  makes  us  all  assume  a  bolder  look,  and  feel  at  least  an  inch  higher 
in  our  shoes.  When  deftly  fingered  by  a  master  of  the  national  instrument,  it 
strikes  upon  the  car,  whether  on  the  streets  of  the  populous  city,  or,  better  still, 
in  the  far  remote  Highland  glen,  where  the  bracken  and  the  birch,  stirred  by 
the  fitful  breeze,  seem  to  nod  responsive  to  the  warlike  notes.  The  refrain  or 
burden,  and  first  verse,  have  always  been  well  known,  but  the  reader  will,  we 
dare  say,  thank  us  for  presenting  him  with  a  complete  version  of  the  old  words 
to  which  the  quick-step  air  is  so  fitting  an  accompaniment.  "We  took  them 
down  some  years  ago  from  the  recitation  of  an  old  woman  in  Lome — a  Janet 
Mac  Dougall,  a  cousin,  I  think,  of  Allan  Ball's,  the  celebrated  Inverlochy  bard. 
A  version  very  much  the  same  is  in  our  possession,  taken  down  from  the  Can- 
daireachd  of  an  excellent  old  Highlander,  the  late  Donald  Mackenzie,  North 
Ballachulish,  better  known  as  DonuU-a-Chaigin.  The  occasion  of  the  song  was 
this  : — In  1644,  a  body  of  the  Macgregors,  Mac  Nabs  and  Perthshire  Stewarts 
marched  to  join  Ivlontrose  under  the  command  of  Major  Patrick  McGregor,  of 
Glengyle,  and  in  spite  of  every  obstacle,  and  having  to  march  through  the  ter- 
litories  of  ho-stile  clans,  they  managed  to  join  the  "  Great  Marquis  "  in  good 
time  to  be  present  at  the  battle  of  Inverlochy,  where,  for  once  at  least  in  their 
lives,  they  had,  to  use  the  words  of  an  old  Seanachie,"  a  good  day's  harvtsting  /" 
The  allusion  to  the  Maclntyres  is  not  to  be  taken  as  it  seems.  It  is  simply  what 
the  French  call  a  ruse  de  guerre,  very  common  at  the  period.  The  brave  sons  of 
''  Cruachan,"  were,  in  truth,  friendly  to  the  king's  cause,  though  they  dared  not 
appear  openly  in  the  matter  for  fear  of  their  powerful  neighbours,  the  Campbells 
of  Argyll.  The  bard  cunningly,  and  quite  bard-like  throws  in  the  bit  of  abusive 
defiance  in  the  first  verse,  to  make  the  Campbells  believe  that  the  Maclntyres 
were  hated  by  the  loyalists  quite  as  much  as  they  hated  the  Campbells  them- 
selves.    The  line 

Bodaich  mhaol'  an  làgain 

refers  to  certain  auxiliaries  from  the  low  countries  whom  the  Campbells  called 
■to  their  aid  against  Montrose,  but  who,  along  with  the  valiant  Earl  of  Argyll 
himself,  soon  crossed  Loch  Fyne  for  safer  quarters,  whenever  they  heard  that 
the  loyalist  Marquis  intended  paying  them  a  visit  (in  return  for  many  o(  theù's) 
and  hoped  to  find  them  at  home  !  Lagan,  by  the  way,  is  the  Perthshire  Gaelic 
i'ov  Jlummery  or  soivens. — Could  the  bard  have  possibly  used  a  more  contemptuous 
epithet  to  hint  in  an  indirect  sort  of  way  how  little  these  valiant  auxiliaries 
were  to  be  trusted  when  the  hour  of  trial  came  ?  Sluagh  an  Righ.  in  the  last 
verse  are  of  course  the  Stewarts. 

The  translation  in  the  opposite  column  is  not  to  be  taken  as  a  literal  trans- 
lation, but  rather  as  a  paraphrase  or  imitation  of  the  original.  It  is  merely  an 
attempt  to  give  the  reader  an  idea  and  no  more,  of  the  manner  and  style  of  a 
very  old  song.  It  will  stand,  I  think,  in  very  proper  juxtaposition  with  Mr 
J.  F.  Campbell's  very  interesting  song  in  your  last. 


Treas  Mioa  a'  Gheamlnaidh,  IST-I 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


289 


Foiin. — Gabhaidh  sinn  an  rathad  mòr, 
Gabhaidh  sinn  an  rathad  mor, 
Gabhaidh  sinn  an  rathad  mor 
01c  no  math  le  each  c. 

OIc  no  math  le  Cloinn-an-t-saoir 
01c  no  math  le  Cloinn-an-t-saoir 
OIc  no  math  le  Cloinn-an-t-saoir — 
Na  bodaich  mhaol'  an  làgain. 

Diridh  sinn  ri  beann  an  fhraoich, 
Tearnaidh  sinn  le  gleann  nan  laogh ; 
'S  cha'neil  fear  de  luchd-nani-braosg, 
Nach'  leag  sinn  gaoir  a  'mhàileid  I 

Thar  a'  mhonaidh  null  'nar  ?cnob, 
Sios  Gleann  Comliann  air  bheag  sgios, 
Màrsaidh  sinn  'an  ainm  an  High, 
01c  no  math  le  each  e. 

Gu  Mac-'ic.-Alasdair  's  Lochia!, 
Bidh  iad  leinn,  mar  ''^hn  iad  riamh 
'8  feai'-na-Ceapaich  mar  ar  mian, 
01c  no  math  le  each  siod  ! 

Thig  Cloinn-a'-Phcarsoin — feachd  nam 

buadh,  [tuath, 

'S  thig  Cloinn  Choinnich    o'n    Taobh- 

'S  mairg  an  dream  do'n  nochd  iad  fuath 

'Nuair  'dh'eireas  gruaim  nam  blàr 


Thig  Clann-Ghriogair  garg  'san  stri — 
Thig  Clann-an-Aba, — 's  sluagh  an  Bigh, 
Miirsaibh  uallach — suas  i,  phiob. 
01c  no  math  le  each  e. 


1  Wo  will  take  the  good  old  way, 

I  We  will  take  the  good  old  way, 

I  We'll  take  and  keep  the  good  old  way, 

i  Let  them  say  their  will,  O  ! 

j  Let  MacTntyres  say  what  they  may, 
i  Let  Maclntyres  say  what  they  may, 
'.  We'll  take  and  keejJ  the  good  old  way, 
Let  them  say  their  will,  0 ! 

'Tis  up  the  steep  and  heathery  Ben, 
\  Adown  the  bonny  winding  glen, 
j  We  march,  a  band  of  loyal  men. 

Let  them  say  their  will,  0  ! 

We  will  march  adown  Gleneoe, 
We  will  march  adown  Gleneoe, 
By  the  Ferry  we  will  go. 

Let  them  say  their  will,  0  ! 

To  Glengarry  and  Lochiel — 
Loyal  hearts,  with  arms  of  steel, 
These  will  beck  you  in  the  field, 

Let  them  say  their  will,  0 ! 

Cluny  will  come  doon  the  brae, 
Keppoch  bold  will  lead  the  way, 
Toss  thine  antlers  Caber  Feigu, 

Let  them  say  their  will,  0 ! 


Forward,  sons  of  bold  Rob  lioy, 
Stewarts — conllict  is  your  joy, 
We'll  stand  together,  pour  le  Roij^ 
Let  them  say  their  will,  0 


ORAID  GHAILIG. 


Leugh  an  t-urramach  Alasdair  Mac 
Griogair,  ministear  na  h-Eaglais-an- 
lar,  an  Inbhirnis,  an  oraid,  o'  m  bheil 
na  briathran  a  leanas  air  an  tabhairt, 
do  choraunn  Gaidhealach  Inbhirnis  ; 
a's  tha  sinn  ag  cluinntinn  gur  h-i  a' 
chiad  oraid  Ghailig  a  bha  air  a  liubh- 
uirt  'sa'  bhaile  sin. 

Tha  diiilichinn  oirnn  nach  "eil  e  'nar 
comus  ach  fior-neoni  dhe'n  oraid  thait- 
nich  seo  a  chur  sios  anns  A'  GhAidii- 
EAi,  do  bhrigh  gu'n  robh  i  cho  ro 
fhada  agus  a  fiUeadh  a  staigh  nithe  cho 


liònmhor  agus  eho  eugsamhla  annta 
fein.  Tha  sinn  a'  tuig-sinn  gu'n  tug  i 
mòr-thoilinntinn  do'n  mhòr-chuideachd, 
eadar  bhan-tighearnan  agus  dhaoin'- 
uailse,  a  bha  'g  eisdeachd  rithe,  agus 
gur  iomadh  glaodh-gaire  agus  caith- 
rcam  a  thogadh  leis  an  luchd-eisdeachd 
"n  am  di  'bhi  'ga  labhairt  o  thus  gu 
deireadh. 

Is  iad  na  nithe  air  an  do  leudaich 
an  t-Urrammach  deas -bhriathraeh, 
Cainnt,  Ceol,  Cantaikeachd,  Comii- 

DACHADH,     CiNNEADH,     ClEACIIDANNA, 


290 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


Treas  Mios  a'  Gheamhraidh,  1S7S. 


ClWADAL,  AGUS  CaTRDEAS  NAN  GaIDH- 

EAL.  Leig  e  ioinadh  ui  a  ris  gu  soilleir, 
so-thuigsinn,  air  gach  aon  fa  leth  de 
na  cinn  seo,  agus  labhair  c  moran  mu 
na  Gaidhcil  fein,  a  thaobh  an  ccud- 
thus,  agus  air  gach  ni  air  am  bhcil 
fios  againn  niu'n  limcbioU  a  tbaobb  an 
stuic  agus  an  freirah  aca.  Tbubh- 
airt  e,  "  Cha'n  'eil  teagamh  nacb 
iad  na  Gaidhcil  an  t-aon  sluagh 
ris  na  Caledonaich  agus  na  Pio- 
caich  an  sinnseara  fein,  eadhon  na 
daoine  gaisgeil  sin  a  dhion  an  dùtbaich 
agus  an  saor.=a  fein,  an  aghaidh  gach 
ionnsuidh  a  thugadh  orra  le  armailtibh 
treuna  nan  Ronianacb.  Bba  Alba,  no 
Caledonia  air  a  h-aiteachadh  leis  na 
Piocaich  agus  thugadh  leòsan  ainmean 
'n  an  cainnt  fein  air  gach  bcinn  agus 
baile,  loch  agus  amhainn,  agus  ionad 
eile  'san  rioghachd.  Tha  gach  ainm  a 
tha  toiseachadh  le  Dim,  Beinn,  Monadh^ 
Baile,  Craig,  Magh,  Maghair,  AcJi,  Amh- 
ainn, Lcachd,  Aird,  Uachdar,  Cam, 
Blur,  Cul^  Druim,  Eas,  Gleann,  Srath, 
Innis,  cm,  Mcall,  Torr,  Loch,  Linn, 
Poll,  Bos,  Port,  Tidlaich,  agus  moran 
eile,  a'  feuchainn  air  ball  gur  ainmean 
Gailig  iad."  Mu'n  Ghailig  fein,  thubb- 
airt  c,  "  Do  gacli  cainnt  thugamaid  an 
t-urrainn  do'n  Ghailig.  Tha  i  liath- 
aosda,  gidheadh  is  liighmhor,  laidir, 
lurach  i, — is  fallain,  fiachail,  flor-ghlan 
i.  Mar  oigh  gheamnuidh,  cha'n  aill 
leatha  gnothuch  a  blii  aice  ri  ni  sa  bith 
a  tha  truaillidh^  no  drabasda,  no  droch- 
mhuinte.  Ann  am  beul  nan  laoch  is 
binn,  blasda  a  fuaim ;  agus  is  tiamh- 
aidh,  trom  a  guth  ann  an  gearan  gach 
dream  a  ta  fo  bhron.  Air  Laidinn,  's 
air  Greugais  bheir  i  barracbd,agus  cha'n 
fhaighearalcithid'galabhairtfo'nghrcin 
"  A'  chanain  a  blia  riamh 

Feadli  bheanntan  agus  shliabh, 

Ban-oighre  dhligheach  fhior 

Chaledonia ! 

A'  chanain  a's  fearr 

Fo  na  spcuran  i, 

Chum  gach  smaoin  is  ni 

'Chur  an  ceill  innte. 


Lan  thorrach  i  gach  am, 
Air  focail  nacb  'eil  gann, 
Tiia  gach  cainnt  eile  th'ann 
A'  toirt  geillidh  dhi. 
Ach  tha  i  nis  'dol  suas, 
Air  bunnachar  nach  gluais 
Le  còmlmadh  Comuinn  uasail, 
'S  cha  trèig  iad  i.'' 
An  deigh  labhairt  nine  fhada  air  aois 
agus  oirdheirceas  na  Gailig  thòisich   e 
air  leudachadh  ann  am  briathraibh  ro 
tliaitneach  air  Bardachd  nan  Gaidheal. 
Thug  e   iomradh   freagarrach  air  sao- 
tliair   Oisein,    agus    air    oibribh    nam 
bard  'sna  linntibh  cein  sin,  agus  thubh- 
airt    e  gu'm  bheil   "  comas  a   nis  aig 
na  Goill  fein  air  deagh  eolas  a  ghabh- 
ailair  na  seann  dànaibh  sco  aig  Oisean 
air  doibh  a  bhi   gu  cotliromach  air  an 
eadar-theangacliadh    leis  an  011a  Ur- 
ramach,  Gilleasbuig  Cleireach,  Aodhair 
Chille-nihaillidh,      Thug  e  iomradh  air 
bardachd  mhoran  eile,  agus  dh'  aithris, 
e  na  h-uiread  de  na  nithibh  a  rinneadh 
leo  mar  a  ta  "  Jiliann  a'  Bhaird  Aosda," 
agus   moran    eile.     Thubhairt   e,   "  Is- 
lionmhor     oran,     iorram,    dan,     duan, 
rann    agus  laoidh  a  rinneadh  leis  na 
bardaibh   aig    na  fineachaibh    fa  leth, 
seadh  orain  de  gach  gne  agus  cumadh, 
orain-gaoil,    orain-molaidh,   orain-cog- 
aidh,  orain-buaidhe,  orain-treubhantais, 
orain  sgaiteach  agus  eisgeil,  orain-càn- 
aidh  agus  caoidh,  orain-cumhaidh  agus 
broin,    orain-luaidhe,    agus     iomraidh, 
agus    buain,    marbh-ranna,     agus     aa 
leithidibh  sin.     Tha  na  iuinn  agus  na 
luinneagan  a's  boidhiche   'sa'  Ghailig  a 
gheobhar  ann  an  cainnt  sa  bith  eile." 

Chaidh  an  t-Urramach  a  ris  air 
aghaidh  'na  Oraid  thaitnich  gu  cunn- 
tas  a  thoirt  air  Piobaireachd  agus  ceol 
nan  Gaidheal,  agus  air  seo  thubhairt  e 
na  h-uiread  a  dhuisg  iomadh  glaodh- 
caithreima'm  measg  an  luchd-eisdeachd. 
An  dcigli  Icudacliadh  air  a'  Phiob- 
mhor  a  dheachd  gu  minic  na  gaisgich 
chum  a'  chatha,  agus  nithe  a  chur  an 
ceill  mu  Cblann  Mbic  Cruimein,  a  bha 
'n  am  piobairibh  aig  Siol  Leoid,  Dhun- 


Treas  Mios  a'  Gheamhraidh, 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


291 


bheagain  o  iomadhlinn  air  ais,  agus  mai- 
au  ceudna  mu  chlann  Mhic  Artair  aig 
Mac  Dhomhnuill  nan  Eilean,  thubhairt 
e,  "  Tha  iomadh  gne  phiobaireachd  ann. 
Tha  cuid  ann  ris  an  abrar  Cruinneachadit 
cuid  eile  Brosnachadh  cuid  eile  Cumha 
cuid  eile  Faille,  agus  cuid  eile  Tuireadh 
mar  a  bha  a'  phiobaireachd  thiomhaidh, 
mhall,  bhronach,  bu  ghnath  bhi  ga 
cluicheadh  aig  adhlacadh  nam  marbh. 
Bha  duil  aig  na  Gaidheil,  gu'n  robh 
a  phiob  mar  gu'm  bann  a'  labhairt 
bhriathra  na  Faille,  no  an  Eahliaidh  no 
an  Tuiridh,  mar  a  dh'  fheudadh  a'  chuis 
a  bhith.  Mar  seo,  ann  an  Cumha  Mhic 
Leoid^  bha  phiob  ag  radh, — 

Cha  till,  chatill,  cha  till  Mac  Cruimein 
Cha  till  e  gu  brath  ga  la  na  cruinne, 
Cha  till,  cha  till,  cha  till  Mac  Cruimein, 
Cha  till   Mac  Leoid  's  cha   bheo  Mac 

Cruimein. 

Is  mor  a'  mhisneach  a  thug  a'  phiob- 
mhor  do  na  Gaidheil  gu  dol  a'm  buil- 
sgean  nan  naimhdean,  agus  tha  eadhon 
gu  I'uig  an  la'n  diugh  piobair  aig  gach 
cath-bhuidlieann  Gaidhealach  chum  dol 
maille  riu  do  na  blaraibh,  agus 
Cha  do  ghluais  chum  na  tuasaid, 
'Sa  chaoidh  iad  cha  ghluais, 
Gun  am  bolg-fheadan  meur-thollach 
Fhuaimneach  'n  an  cluais  ! 
Bha  Clann  Mhic  Cruimein,  Dhunbhea- 
gain,  a'  sgriobhadh  na  piobaireachd  sios 
ann  an  leabhar,  gu  bhi'  ga  cumail  air 
chuimhne,  ach  cha'n  ann  air  an  doigh 
air  am  bheil  ceol  'ga  sgriobhadh  a  nis. 
Bha  iadsan  'ga  dhcanamh  le  focuil  bhe- 
aga,  ghoirid,  a  bha  iad  a'  cur  an  altaibh 
a'  cheile  chum  fuaim  an  fheadain  agus 
na  puirt  a  chiallachadh.  Bha  e  rud 
eigin  cosmhuil  ri  innleachd  an  Sol-fa  a 
ta  'ga  gnathachadh  'san  am  seo  ann  an 
ceol  nan  salm.  Bha  iadsan  a'  gabhail 
lionmhorachd  fliocal  ghoirid,  mar  /;?",  ri 
ro,  bhi,  ha,  ra,  din,  hia,  di,  rit,  hio,  dixi, 
ii,  re,  dro,  tiri,  iara,  tetiri ;  agus  mar  sin 
sios.  Air  an  doigh  seo  chuireadh  iad 
sio3  piobaireachd  Failte  a'  Phrionnsa 
mar  a  leanas  : — 


An  t-Urlar. 
hi  ro  dro  hi  ri,  hi  an  an  in  ha  ra, 
hi  o  dro  ha  chin,  ha  chin  hi  '  chin, 
hi  o  dro  hi  ri,  hi  an  an  in  ha    .<,, 
hi  0  dro  ha  chin,  ha  chin  hi  i  ^hin 
hi  o  dro  hi  ri,  hi  an  an  in  ha  ra, 
hi  o  dro  ha  chin,  ha  chin  hi  a  chin, 
hi  o  dro  hi  ri,  hi  an  an  in  ha  ra, 
hi  o  dro  ha  chin,  ha  chin  hi  i  chin. 

Siubhal. 

hi  o  dro  hi  chin,  ha  chin  ha  chin 

hi  o  dro  ha  chin,  hi  chin  ha  chin, 

hi  0  dro  hi  chin,  ha  chin  ha  chin, 

hi  o  dro  ha  chin,  ha  chin  hi  chin, 

hi  o  dro  hi  chin,  hi  chin  hi  chin, 

hi  o  dra  ha  chin,  hi  chin,  ha  chin, 

hi  o  dro  hi  chin,  ha  chin,  ha  chin, 

hi  o  dro  ha  chin,  ha  chin  hi  chin 

Taobhludh. 

hio  dro  to,  hi  dro  to,  ha  dro  to,  ha  dro  to, 

ho  dro  to,  ha  dro  to,  hi  dro  to,  hia  chin, 

&c. 

Thug  an  t-Urramach  MacGriogair  a 
ris  min  -  chunntas  air  eideadh  agus 
armachd  nan  Gaidheal,  agus  thug  e 
iomadh  dearbhadh  gu'm  bheil  Breacan- 
an-fheilidh  anabarrach  sean.  Am 
measg  chaich,  dh'  innis  e  gu'n  do 
bhiiiricheadh  suas  leac  no  clach  leathann 
a'  steidh  Balla  Antonine  a  thogadh  leis 
na  Romanaich  tarsuing  air  Alba  eadar 
an  amhainn  Friuth  agus  an  amhainn 
Cluaidh,  anns  a'  bhliadhna  140.  Air 
an  lie  seo  bha  dealbh  triiiir  dhaoine  air 
a  ghearradh,  a  bha  air  an  eideadh  'san 
trusgan  Ghaidhealach.  Thug  e  iomradh, 
mar  an  ceudna,  air  iomadh  dearbhadh 
eile  air  gne,  dreach,  agus  cumadh 
eididh  nan  Gaidheal,  agus  air  gach 
seòrsa  armachd  a  ghnàthaicheadh  leò 
o  linn  gu  linn. 

*■•  'S  math'  thig  breacan  an  fheilidh 
Gu  leir  do  nasùinn, 
Osain  ghearr'  air  an  calpannaibh 
Dòmhail,  geal,  cruinn ; 
Iteagan  dorch'  air  slios 
Gorm  uidheara  cheann, 
Sud  i  eideadh  nam  blàr, 
'S  cha  bi  an  te  fhada  theann." 


292 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


Treas  Mios  a'  Glieamliraidli,  1S73- 


Thubhairt  e  gu'm  feudadh  mòran  a 
bhi  air  a  cliur  an  oi'ill  niu  fhcarachas- 
taighe,  cleachdanna -diichail,  inneala- 
treabhaidh,  buill-acfhuinn  agus  airncis 
iian  Gaidhcal.  Tlia  niòran  ann  aig 
nach  'oil  fios  ciod  is  ciall  do  na  nithibli 
seo  a  Icanas  a  taairan  gnatliachadh  gu 
sonraichtc  anns  na  h-Eileanaibh  an-iar  ; 
mar  a  ta  Cas-chrom,  Cas-dhireach, 
Slachdan,  Groidcallan,  Ràcan,  Poit- 
Uirearaidli,  Leac-gradain,  Muilcan-lcth- 
coise,  ]\Iuilean-bradli,  Bord-luaidh 
Plocan,  Cisean,  Iris,  Siomaid,  Cliabh, 
Caineag,  Plat,  Sgonnan,  Tallan,  Sun- 
nag,  agus  mar  sin  sios." 

Dh'innis  e  gu'm  feudadh  moran  a 
bhi  air  aithris,  mar  an  ceudna,  niu 
na  Gnath-fhocaii,  Saobh-cliraobhadh, 
Giseag,  Eanntachd,  Dubh-cheisd, 
ToimIiseachan,Taibhscaraclid,  vSugradh, 
lomairt,  Cluich,  agus  Clcas,  a  gheobhar 
am  measg  nan  Gaidheal, — ach  dh'fhag 
e  iad  sin  air  fad,  mar  a  thubhairt  c,  gu 
bhi  gu  so-thuigsinneacli,  soillcir  air  an 
lorgadh  a  mach,  agus  air  an  aithris  gu 
h-ullamh,  h-callamh,  deas-chainnteach, 
leis  an  Urrumach  fhoghluimte  sin  "  Bun 
LOCIIABAR  !"' 

Lubhair  e  na  h-uircad  mu  tlireubh- 
antas  nan  Gaidheal,  agus  bha  dorran 
air  nach  coadaicheadli  an  iiine  dha 
leudachadh  gu  farsuing  air  na  Fin- 
eachaibh  Gaidhealach  fa  Icth,  agus  air 
gach  connsachadh,  cogadli,  crcach,  agus 
blar  fuiltcach  a  bha  aca  'nan  aimh- 
reitibh  an  aghaidh  a'  cheile.  Air  an 
doigh  cheudiia  cha  robh  e  'n  a  chomas 
na  bu  mhath  leis  a  chur  an  ceill  mu 
bhreacmnaibh  nam  Fineachan  air 
fad,  agus  mu  Shuaichcanta?,  Gairmibh- 
catha,  Brataicliibh,  agus  Briathraibh- 
bros-nachaidh  nam  Fineachan  gu  leir. 

An  deigh  labhairt  mu  uair  gu  leth 
air  na  nithibh  seo  tharruing  c  gu  crich 
Ic  teist  urramach  a  thoirt  air  gaisge  nan 
Gaidheal.  Thubhairt  e  gu'n  d'fbalbh 
na  h-amanna  deistinneach  sin  anns  an 
robii  comas  beatha  agus  biiis  ann  an 
laimhibh  nan  ccann-fcadhna,  agus  gur 
taitneach     gu'n    d'fhalbli.        Ach    am 


feadh  'sa  ta  slioclid  nam  beann  co 
cliuiteach  agus  cruadaLich  "sa  bha  iad 
riamh,  bha'n  dillseaclid  agus  an  treubh- 
antas  air  an  gnathachadh  o  chcann 
linntean  air  ais,  cha'n  ann  ri  comhstrith 
an  aghaidh  a  cheile  ach  mar  chath- 
bhuidhcann  gu'n  striochdadh,  bha  iad 
deas  agus  dileas  thar  tuigs<i,  gu  bhi 
dionadh  an  saorsa,  an  duiiicha,  's  an 
lagh!  Cha  tug  saighdearan  ni  b'fhearr 
riamh  aghaidh  do  namhaid.  Leo-san 
sguabadh  air  falbli  an  eascairdean  as 
an  araich,  mar  a  sguabar  am  moll  le 
ncart  na  gaoiihe.  0 !  cia  fearail, 
cuimcar,  agus  eircachdail  iad  'nan 
eideadh  fein  !  Cia  garg  agus  colgach 
a'n  am  dol  sios  do'n  chath.  Cia  minic, 
luath  mar  na  h-iolairean  a'  dol  air  iteig 
chum  cobhartaich,  a  rulth  iad  air 
feachd  nan  namh,  agus  a  chuir  iad  as 
doibh  gu  leir.  Is  gann  a  nochdas  iad 
an  treubhantas,  ach  an  uair  a  tha  an 
cunnard  mor,  agus  an  namhaid  g'arg 
agus  dalma :  an  sin,  còmhdaichidh  an 
corruich  an  talamh  Ic  closaichibh  nam 
marbh,  mar  a  chùmdaicheas  corran  a' 
bhuanaiche  an  t-achadh  le  sguabaibh. 
Fhad  'sa  bhios  meas  air  fior-shaigh- 
dearachd  cha  leagar  air  dearmad  am 
fearalas  air  faiche  fhuiltich  Waterloo. 

'Sann  an  sud  a  bha  'ghriobhag, 
Le  luaidh  ghrad, — lannaibh  biorach, 
'S  claidh'ibh  sgaiteaeh  'gan  iomairt, 
Le  dream  chalma  gu'n  tioma, 
Chaidh  siol  Alba  gu'n  ghioraig, 
Anns  an  t-searbh-chath  air  mhireadh, 
'Creuchdadh  chorp  is  'gan  liodairt, 
Is  'gam  fagail  'san  ionad  gu'n  deo  ! 

Anns  an  oraid  ro  thaitncach  aige,  anns 
nach  robh  lide  Shasunnach,  bhrosnaich 
e  "  Comunn  Gaidhealach  Inbhirnis" 
gu  bhi  dicliiollach  agus  dileas.  Nochd 
e  gach  strith  a  rinncadh  chum  na 
(raidiieil  a  theagasg  'n^in  cainnt  fein 
leis  An  Teachdaiie  G/iaid/iealach,  a  ris 
le  Caraid  nan  Gaidheal  a  ris  le  Cuairiear 
7ian  Oleann  a  ris  le  Fear-tathaicli  nam 
beaiin  agus  na  h-uiread  eile,  acii  chaidh 
as  doibii  cru  leir,  a";us  b'olc  an  airidh  c. 


Treas  Mios  a'  Glicamliraiilh.  187-3. 


AN  GAIDHEAL.; 


293 


Acli     tliubhairt    e,     "  Cha    d'fliagadh  j  Camsliron  ;    Niall  Camsliron ;    Domh- 
sinn  fathast  gun  dochas,   oir  dh'eirich  |  null  Mac-a'-Phi ;  Eachann  MacChoUa ; 


o  cheann  ghoirid  Gcddhcal  eile  suas 
ann  an  Glaschu,  a  ta  nis  air  a  thuras, 
agus  'se  dieasnas  a'  Chomuinn  seo,  agus 
gach  uile  neaeli  eile  aig  am  bheil 
dualchas  agus  duthclias  'nan  cridhe,  an 
aire  a  thoirt  gu'm  bi  An  Gaidheal 
laghach  seo  air  'eiridinn,  agus  air  a 
chuideachadh,  agus  air  a  chumail  suas! 


ABRAICn  GHLASCHU. 

Air  Di-Aoine,  an  seathamh  latha  de'n 
Dudlachd,  choinnich  Abraich  Ghlas- 
chu,  gu  an  dinnear  bhliadhnail — 's  a  ri 
ma  choinnich,  's  ann  orra  fein  a  bha 
coltas  nan  siad  !  Bha  Ghailig  air  a  labh- 
airt  cho  snasmhor  's  cho  fileanta,  's  ged 
nach  fhagadh  na  ceatharnaich  riamh 
fasgath  Beinn-Nimheis, — bha  taghadh 
a'  phiobaire  ag  cluitli  aig  araaibh 
suidhichtc  re  an  fheasgair,  a's  air  dha 
"  Gillean  an  Fheilidii  "  a  thogail,  tha 
mi  "n  duil  gu'n  eireadh  n",o  chridhe  ged 
a  "bhitheadh  mo  leth  a'  slaodadh 
rium."  'S  cha  robli  an  deise  ghcarr 
air  dhi-chuimhne,  oir  bha  iomadh 
"Abrach  o  Lochaidh"  'san  t-seomar 
comhdaichtc  an  cidcadh  taghta  nam 
beann,  's  gun  teaganih  ag  aithris  'n  a 
chridhe  : 
"  Chuir  sinn  a  suas  an  deise 

Bhios  uaUacli,  frcagarrach  dhuinn — 
Breacan  an  fheilidh  phreasaich, 

A's  peiteag  de'n  eudach  ixr; 
Cota  'chadadh  nam  ball, 

Am  bitheadh  a'  chàrnaid  dlù, 
Osan  nach  ceangail  ar  ceum, 

'S  nach  ruigeadh  mar  rcis  an  gliin." 

Bha  Iain  Mac-Gille-Mhaoil  'sa"  chath- 
air,  agus  Seumas  Ailean  'san  lar- 
chathair.  Am  mcasg  feadhainn  eile 
'bh'aig  an  dinnear  faodaidh  sinn  na 
leanas  ainmeachadh :  an  t-uasal  Urra- 
mach  Alasdair  Stiiibhairt,  am  Bun- 
Lochabar  ;  Somhairle  og  Mac  a'-Chal- 
main;  AonghasEos,  maille  ri  'bhrathair 
Iain  MacDhomhnuill  Eos  ;  Gilleasbuic 


Alasdair  Mac-a-Phi,  agus  moran  eile. 
Air  do  na  chuideachd  an  dinnear  a 
ghabhail,  chaidh  sineadh  air  61  nan 
deochanna  slàinte,  anns  a'  nihodh 
thaitneach  sin  anns  am  bheil  na  Gaidh- 
eil  amhàin  gun  choimeas.  B'i  'chiad 
deochslainte,  "  A'  Bhanrigh,  a's  buill 
eile  an  teaghlaich  rioghail ;"  na  'deigh 
sin,  "an  t-arm  mara  's  tire;"  agus  an 
sin  sheinn  Niall  Camshron  deagh 
oran  Gailig: 

"  Siod  agai'  'n  deoch-slainte  'dh'olainn, 
Deòch-slainte  'Chamshronaich 
bhòidhiclì 
Siod  agai'  'n  deoch-slainte  "dh'olainn." 

An  deigh  do  Niall  Suidhc,  dli'eirich 
fcar-na-cathrach  a  dh'ol  deochslainte 
"  'Chomuinn  Abraich,"  's  ma  dh'  eirich 
bu  taitneach  leis  gach  neach  'uirgheall. 
Thuirt  e  gu'm  bi  siod  an  doech 
SLAiNTE,  's  gu'n  robh  e  'n  dochas  gu'n 
rachadh  a  h-ol  gu  h-eireachdail.  Labh- 
air  e  car  uine,  gu  pongal  tuigscach  mu 
ghnothaichean  a'  chomuinn,  agus  mu'n 
tlieum  a  rinn  an  Comunn  cheana  do 
Ghaidheil  a  bha  tighinn  do  Glaschu  ann 
a  bhi  faighinn  aitean  daibh,  's  'gan 
cnmhnadh  air  ioraadh  seol  eile.  Cha  an 
deoch-slainte  ol  le  mor  thoileachas,  ag^us 
an  sin  chluith  Maclonmhuinn,  am 
piobaire,  port. 

'Si  'n  ath  dheoch-slainte  'dh'  ain- 
micheas  sinn;  "Na  li-Abraich  aig  an 
taigh  a's  thairis."  Bha  i  seo  air  a  h-ol 
le  mor  chaithream.  Air  do  Uilleam 
Austin,  eiridh  a  dh'  iàrraidh  air  a  cho- 
luchd-duthcha  urram  a's  onair  a 
dheanamh  do  'n  deoch  slainte  bha  iad 
gu  ol,  bha  an  gairdeachas  clio  mor  a's 
gar  gunn  a  chluinnte  guth  an  fhir  a  bha 
bruithinn.  Labhair  e  car  uine  air  iom- 
adh ni  a  bha  ro  thaitneach  do  gach 
neach  'san  eideachd,  as  air  do'n  deoch- 
slainte 'bhi  air  a  h-ol,dh'eirich  an  t- 
Urramach  Alasdair  stidbhairt  a  thoirt 
tainge.  Thuirt  e  gu'n  robh  e  'n  comas 
dùsan     labhairt    riutha      araon      am 


294 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


Trcas  Jlios  a'  Gheambraidh,  IS" 


Beurla  "san  Gailig,  agus  ged  a  bha  e 
creidsinn  gun  robh  neach  no  ditliis 
'ria'  cliuideachd  nacli  tuigeadli  can- 
ain  bhlasJmhor  Fhinn  a's  Oisein, 
cha'n  fliaodadh  an  flieadhainn  sin 
a  blii  diombach  air  cbor  sa  bitli  mas 
e  's  gu'n  labbradh  e  beagan  fhocail 
anns  nach  d'  thoii-eadU  iad  moran 
brig-he :  oii-  "sann  a  bha  e  'dol  a  labh- 
airt  ri  Abraicli,  s  cha  robh  Abrach  air 
bith  nach  tuigcadh  a'  Ghailig.  Labh- 
air  e  gu  deas-bhriatbrach  rau  iomadh  ni, 
aig  an  robh  co-cheangail,  cha'n  ann 
amhain  ris  na  h-Abraich,  ach  r's  na 
Gaidheil  uile.  Thuirt  e  gu'm  bu  tait- 
neach  leis-san  a  bhi  'g  amharc  air  a' 
chomhlan  mhaiseach  ud,  oir  'an  sùil 
gach  fir,  blia  e  comasach  dha  teòchridh- 
eacbd  a'  Ghaidheil  a  leughadh.  Lean 
e,  an  sin,  air  innseadh  sgeulachdan  a 
thug  a  mach  iomadh  ghiodh  as  gaire  : 
"  Abrach" .  ars  esan,  "  a  thog  air  do 
Ghlaschu,  agus  air  dha  bhi  fagail  taigh 
'athar,  thuirt  e,  '  Athair,  thoir  dhomh 
do  bheannachd  ma'm  falbh  mi';  '  sin  mo 
bheannachd-sa  dhut  a  mhic',  ars  'athair, 
'se  a'  toirt  còig  pmnnd  Shas  'nach  da. 
'  Ach  nach  can  thu  focail  sa  bith  a 
chiim  misneach  a  tlioirt  domh  air  m' 
allaban  an  dùthaich  chein  ?  '  '  Mata' 
ars  'atliair,  '  clia'n  abair  mise  riut  ach, 
*  Ma  bheir  fear  sa  bith  an  car  asad  aon 
uair,  mo  naire  air-san ;  ma  bheir  e  'n 
car  asad  an  dara  uair,  mo  naire  ortsa  /' " 
Labhair  e  'n  deigh  sin,  air  Eoghann 
Mac  Lachluinn.  B'easan  gun  teagamh 
sa  bith,  ''  Smeorach  chlann  Lachluinn." 
Rugadh  e  an  Torrachalltuinn,  an  Loch- 
abar,  'sa'  bhliadhna  1775.  An  deigh 
dha  deagh  fhoghlum  fhaighinn  'an 
dpthaich  a  bhreith,  chaidh  e  a  dh' 
Abar-eadliain,  far  an  do  choisinn  e 
mor-chliu,  cha'n  ann  amhain  da  fhcin, 
ach  mar  an  ceudna,  do  'n  duthaich  a 
dh'  araich  e.  A'  bliarr  air  e  'bhi  'na 
sgoilear  clio  ainmcil  "s  a  bh'ann  ri  'linn 
bha  e  'na  bliard  taghta.  Co  nach  robh 
eolach  air  an  Eallaidh  thaitnich  sin  : — 
"  Gur  gilc  mo  leannan 
Na  'n  eal'  air  an  t-snamh. 


Na  cobhar  na  tuinne 

'S  e  tilleadh  bho  n  traigh  ; 
Na  'm  blath-bhainne  buaile, 

'S  a'  chuach  leis  fo  bharr, 
Na  sncachd  nan  gleann  dosrach, 

"Ga  f  hroiseadh  mu  'n  bhlar  ?  '"' 

Agus  c"ait  am  faigheadh  iad  Maebh- 
KANN,  an  canain  air  bith,  cosmhuil  ris' 
a'  mharbhrann  a  rinn  Eoghann  Mac- 
Lachlainn  do  Shcumas  Beattie  ?  C'  ait 
am  faigheadh  iad  briathran  cho  fior 
thiamhaidh,  agus  cho  fior  fhreagarrach 
riut  ha  seo : 

"  Och  nan  och  !  mar  a  ta  mi, 

Threig,  mo  shiigradh  mo  mharan  's 
mo  cheòl ! 
'S  trom  an  acaid  tha  'm  chràdh-lot, 
'S  goirt  am  beum  a  rinn  sgainteach 
'am  fheoil ; 
Mi  mar  ànrach  nan  cuaintean, 

A  chailleas  'astar  feadh  stuadhan 
'sa'  cheo, 
O'n  bhuail  teachdair'  a'  bhais  thu 
'Charaid  chaoimh  bu  neo-fliailtea- 
mach  gloir  ?  " 

Dh'eug  Mac-Lachlainn  'sa'  bhliadhna 
1822,  agus  bha  e  air  adhlacadh  an  Cill- 
a'-Mhaodain,  an  Ard-ghobhar.  Bha 
duilicbinn  air  a  chantuinn  gu'n  robh  a 
thuam  air  ag  comhdachadh  leis  an 
eanndaig  thiadhaich,  an  aite  i  bhi  air  ag 
comharrachadh  amach  le  clachchuimh- 
ne;  ach  bha  e  'n  docbas  nach  biodh 
a'  chuis  fada  mar  sin. — Thug  'uirgheal 
raor  thoilinntinn  do  'n  cLuideachd  agus 
mu'n  do  dheallaich  iad,  chaidh  a  dheoch- 
slainte  51  le  mor  chaitliream. 

'S  duilich  leinn  nach  eil  e  'nar  comas 
tuilleadh  de  nabh'  air  a  labhairt  achuir 
sios  air  duilleagaibh  A"  Ghaidheil,  mar 
bu  mhiann  leinn.  Ach  anns  a  cho- 
dhunadh,  faodaidh  sinn  acliantuinn  gu'n 
robh  deoch-slainte  'Ghaidheil  air  a  h-bl 
gu  taitneach.  Dh'  iarradh  seo  a 
dhcanamh  leis  an  ogonach  cheanalta  sin, 
Iain  MacDhomhnuill  Eos.  Labhair  e 
car  nine,  a'  moUadh  iomadh  ni  a  bhuin- 
cadh  do  na  Gaidheil,  agus  ag  iarradh 
air  na  bha  ais;  a'  choinnimh  còmhnadh 


Treas  Mios  a'  Gheamhraidh,  : 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


295 


a  thoirt  do  gach  m  de  'n  robh  faileadh 
cubhraidh  an  fhraoich.  Dh'iarr  e  'n 
sin  soirbbeachadh  do'nGhaidbeal.maille 
ri  deoch-slainteMbic-Cboinnich  (a  bba 
sa  cbuideacbd  o'n  Gbaidbeal)  òl — ni  a 
bha  air  a  dbeanamh  gu  cridbeil,  agus 
an  deigb  sin  thug  Mac  -  Choinnich 
taing  do'n  cbuideacbd  air  son  mar 
tbaisbein  iad  am  meas  air  a'  Gbaidbeal, 
's  air  fbein. 

[Tba  'n  Gaidheal  fada  'n  comain  nan 
Abracii  air  son  an  deagh  run  ;  agus, 
aig  an  am  cbeudna,  ag  innseadb  dhoibb, 
ma  tbeid  e  "  air  cbaluinn  "  am  bliadb- 
na,  nacb  ann  tuaitbeal  a  ruigeas  e  taigb 
Abracb  a  tba  'n  Gblascbu  ;  a's  air  a' 
laimb  eile,  ma  tbig  Abracb  'na  cbar- 
san  aig  an  am  gar  cinnteacli  a  bbonnag 
dha!l 


NAIDHEACHDAX. 

"S  i  naiueeacbd  cho  taitneacb  'sa  tba 
againn  ri  b-innseadb  air  a'  mbios  sec 
—  an  aireamb  de  cbomuinn  Gbaidli- 
ealach  a  tba  "  'togail  an  cinn."  Tba 
aon  Cbomunn  maiseacb  an  Grianaig 
agus  Marcus  Lathcirn  air  a  cbeann. 
Ee  an  Dùdlacbd  bba  buill  a'  cbomuinn 
ag  coinneacbadh,  's  ag  cur  na'n  Riagb- 
ailtean  an  altan  a'  cheile,  's  tba  sinn 
toilicbte  cbluinntinn  gum  bbeil  iad  a' 
faigbinn  air  an  agbaidb  a  reir  am  miann. 
Cb'j,  'n  Ibaod  sinn  gun  luaidh  a  dhean- 
amb  air  a'  cbiad  cboinneamb  a  bb'  aca. 
Aig  a'  cboinnirab  sin  bba  mòran  Gbaidb- 
eal, agus  uaislean  eile  aig  an  robh  toil 
do'n  cbiiis.  Bba  triuir  no  ceatbrar 
pbiobairean  ag  cluitb  aig  an  dorus  an 
am  do  'n  cbuideacbd  a  bbi  'cruinneacli- 
adh  ;  agus  gun  teagamb  bu  taitneacb 
an  ceol  do  cbridbe  Gaidbealach  sa  bitb. 
Air  do'n  t-sluagb  cruinneachadb,  air 
iartus  tbir-na-cathracb,  gu  deas-bbriatb- 
racb,  pongail  cbuir  an  t-Urramacb  D. 
Mac-Mbuiricb  an  ceill  cuid  de  na 
h-aobbaran  air  son  am  bbeil  an  comunn 
gu  bbi  air  a  steidheadb.  Labbuir  e  mu 
aoisead  na  Gailig,  agus  mu'n  mheas  bu 


cboir  a  bbi  aig  gach  fior  Gbaidbeal 
oirre  ;  "  Ach  "  ars  esan,  "  ged  a  tha 
snuagh  na  h-aoise  oirre  bho  chian,  cha 
'n  eil  mise  'creidsinn  gur  h-i  a  labbair 
Adhamb,  oir  cha  robh  i  riabb  am  bial 
cho  leibeideacb  ris  a  bhi;d  a  mheall  ar 
ceud  pbàrantan  air  dhoibb  a  bbi,  na'n 
priomb  ionracas,  ag  àiteacbadh  a' 
Gharaidh. — Tba  'n  comunn  seo  ag  cur 
rombpa  moran  oibre  a  dbeanamh  agus 
si  ar  durachd-ne  gu'n  soirbbicb'leo.  'Se' 
ainm   a'    cbomuinn — CoiiUNN  Gaidh- 

EALACH   GiIRIANAIG. 

Tba  Comunn  Gaidbealach  eile  an 
deigb  a  steidheadb  'san  Oban.  'S  e 
'ainm-san — Comunn  Oiseanach  Lath- 
uiRN.  Tba  cbuid  a's  mo  de  dh'uaislean 
an  Obain  a'  toirt  gach  combnadh  do'n 
cbomunn  sco  '•  le'n  cinn,  le  'm  pinn,  's 
le  'n  sporain,"'  a's  'si  ar  guidh'-ne  do 
gach  neach  diubh — '-Lean  do  bbuillel" 

Tba  CoJiUNN  Gaidhealach  Inbhir- 
Nis  a'  deanamb  gu  fogbainteacb.  Tba 
sinn  ag  cluinntinn  gu'm  bbeil  a'  mhor- 
chuid  de  na  b-oraidean  ciatacb  a  bha 
air  an  leugbadb  le  buill  a  cbomuinn  re 
na  bliadhna  chaidh  seacbad,  gu  bbi  air 
an  clo-bbualadb  gun  dàil,  a's  gu  bbi  air 
an  toirt  a  nasgaidb  do  bhuill  a'  cbom- 
uinn, 's  air  an  reic  ri  muinntir  eile. 

Tba  Comuinn  Gbaidbealacb  Ghlas-  ' 
chu   a  nis  air   sineadb  air  cumail  an 
coinneamban  bliadbnail — a's  gheobbar 
iomradh  an  earrann  eile  de  'w  Ghaidh 
eal  air  te  dbiubb  :  an  te  Abraicb. 

Tba  an  aimsir  anabarrach  gailbbeach 
o  chionn  fbada.  Chaidh  moran  luing- 
eas  a  chall  leis  an  stoirm.  Tba  'n  call 
mara  's  tire  cho  mor  's  a  bba  e  le  's 
cuimbne  leinn.  Bba  cuid  mhor  de  na 
luingeas  a  cha  chall  air  an  turns  a 
America. 

Chaidh  an  Granndach  ath-thaghadb 
gu  bbi  'na  phriomb  fbear-riagblaidb  's 
na  Staidean  Aonaicbte, — sgeula  bhios 
air  a  leugbadb  gu  taitneacb  an  Strath- 
spe,  an  dutbaich  d'am  bun  e.  Nach 
fior  a  thuirt  am  port,  "  Tba  na  Grann- 
daich  urramach  ?  " 

Chaidh    "La    Naoimb   Anndra"    a 


296 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


Teras  Mios  a"  Glicimhraidli,  1S7S 


churaail  leis  na  li-  Albanaich  anns  gach 
ait,  cho  aobhach  's  bu  nos  da  bhi 
Tha  sinn  an  deigli  paipear  fhaigliinn  a 
Baile-'n-righ  an  Canada,  anns  am  bheil 
mor  iomradh  ah"  dol-a-mach  nan  Al- 
banach  air  an  latha.  Measg  nitlie  cile 
tha  deagh  Dliiin  le  Eobhann  "IMac- 
ChoUa,  "  clarsair  nam  beann,"  air  na 
Fincachanadli'  cirich  "  Bliadlina  Tliear- 
laich." 


GAILIG  ANNS  NA  SGOILTEAN. 
A  Ghaidheil  llunaicb, 

An  ceadaich  thu  dhomh 
f:cal  no  dlia  a  radh  an  leth-sgeil  na 
maiglistirean-sgoile  mu  dheibhinn  an 
robh  an  "  Gille  Dubh  ''  a  seanchas  anns 
an  ùirearali  ran  dheireadh  de'n  Ghaidheal? 
Tha  e  ag  radh  gur  e  dichuimhne  a  thainig 
air  na  maighstirean-sgoile  a  thug  air 
a'  Ghailig  a  blii  dol  air  chùl  anns  na 
sgoiltibh.  Nis  cha  'n  e  dichuiinhne  riun 
so  idir  ach  mi-inhis?icachd.  Anns  an 
Earrach  an  uair  a  thigeadh  na  minist- 
earan  gu'n  sguil  a  cheasnachadh  rach- 


adh  a  Ghailig  fhagal  gu  deireadli, 
agus  an  sin  'se  tlieireadh  iad,  "  Cha  'n 
eile  nine  againn  airson  na  Gailig  ach  o 
na  chuahx  agus  na  chunnaic  sinn  a 
cheana  cha  'n  oil  teagamh  nach  eil  a' 
Ghailig  air  a  deagh  theagasg."  Beagan 
an  deigh  sin  thigeadh  Fear-ceasnach- 
aidh  na  Ban-righ  agus  gun  aon  smid  de 
Ghailig  'n  a  cheann.  Mar  seo  chunnaic 
na  raaighstirean-sgoile  nach  rachadh 
scalltuinn  air  an  dichioU  ann  a  blii 
teagasg  Gailig  agus  gur  ann  a  bha  iad 
ag  call  nine  bu  choir  a  bhi  air  a  cleachd 
adhri  nithibheile.  Chunnaicnasgoilear- 
an  nach  robh  meas  aig  na  daoine  mora 
sin  air  a'  chainnt  a  bha  iad  ga'n  sàrach- 
adh  fein  ga  h-ionnsachadh  agus  nach 
faigheadh  iad  cliii  no  moladli  ge  be  air 
bith  cho  math  's  a  leughadh  iad  i. 
Mar  seo  le  mi-mhisneachd  air  gach 
taobh  chaidh  a'  Ghailig  ach  beag  a 
chuir  as  na  sgoiltean  ach  cha  'n  ann  leis 
na  maighstirean-sgoile,  ach  leis  na 
daoine  bba  thairis  orra. 

D.  C, 
Maighstir-Sgoile. 


To  THE  Editor  of  ''The  Gakl." 

NiDDRY  Lodge,  Kensington,  London  W,, 
December  9,  1872. 
Sir, — In  your  last  number  you  printed  an  old  Gaelic  Ballad  which  I  sent  to 
you  from  Inveraray  Castle.  I  have  now  the  honour  to  send  you  another. 
This  was  found  by  Mr  Donald  MacPherson,  loose  in  a  drawer  at  the  Advocates' 
Library,  together  with  the  following  letter  from  Doctor  Irvine,  of  Little 
Dunkcld,  Avhich  gives  a  pedigree  : — 

("/<  is  not  known  to  whom  this  hitcr  iras  adilrcsscd.^') 
''  Dear  Sii:, 

"  I  seized  tlie  first  spare  inomeut  after  my  return  to  look  out  for  the  song 
of  wliich  I  spoke,  and  now  send  it  to  you  with  a  hurried  translation,  which  1 
endeavoured  to  make  as  literal  as  possible.  You  must  pardon  its  defects  as  it  dues 
not  aim  at  elegance.  No  English  can  convey  tlie  happy  turns  of  the  original."  .  .  . 
"  Jt  was  sung  to  the  harp  as  it  was  probably  composed  with  the  harp.  The  name  of 
the  bard  I  have  not  got,  though  he  was  certainly  the  family  bard  and  harper.  He 
glances  at  the  story  of  the  lady  being  exposed  on  the  rock  in  the  sea  as  a  scandal  ; 
but  tradition  is  uniform  on  the  subject,  and  the  bard  refers  to  the  cause  of  such  a 
barbarous  deed.  His  lady  bore  to  Lachlan  no  children,  which  explains  '  that 
blossomed  not  to  our  wishes.' "  .  .  .  "  He  was  killed  by  John  Campbell,  of 
Calder,  his  brother-in-law,  tradition  says  in  revenge. 

"  Dear  Sir,  your  most  obedient  Servant, 

"(Signed)        A.  HIVINE. 
"  Uunkeld,  Cth  January,  1810." 


Treas  Mios  a'  Gheamhraidh,  1873. 


AN  GAIDHEAL.  297 


Dr  Irvine,  about  1800,  made  a  large  collection  of  Gaelic  poetry.  A  copy 
of  his  manuscript  was  bought  by  Mr  David  Laing,  of  the  Signet  Library.  By 
bis  permission,  that  collection  is  now  printed  in  my  Book  "  Leabhar  na 
Feinne,"  as  Text  O.  Dr  Irvine  proposed  to  collect  orally,  and  to  publish 
the  Gaelic  poetry  which  was  current  in  his  day.  He  printed  a  Prospectus ; 
his  work  was  approved  by  the  Highland  Society,  but  it  never  appeared. 

The  story  of  the  ballad  is  well  known,  and  has  often  appeared  in  books.  In 
Vol.  IV.,  Popular  Tales  of  the  West  Highlands,  p.  44,  I  quoted  a  version  of 
part  of  the  story,  taken  from  a  manuscript  genealogy  of  the  Argyll  family. 

The  story,  as  I  have  it  from  many  sources,  printed,  MS.,  and  oral,  may  be 
very  shortly  told. 

Archibald,  Earl  of  Argyll,  and  Chancellor  of  Scotland,  who  fell  at  Flodden, 
1Ò13,  had  a  numerous  family.  One  of  his  sons  married  the  heiress  of  the 
Calders,  and  founded  the  family  of  Lord  Cawdor.  Another  founded  the  first 
family  of  Skipnish.  The  daughters  were  "  Janet,  Lady  Athol ;  Mary,  Lady 
Islay,  (married  to  Macdonald  ;)  Margaret,  Lady  Erskine  or  Marr  ;  Isabel,  Lady 
Cassells,  (who  was  a  writer  of  Gaelic  poetry;)  Massy,  Lady  Toward  or  Lamont; 
Elizabeth,  Lady  MacLean  of  Mull."  The  Laird  of  MacLean  caused  his  wife  to 
be  placed  upon  a  tidal  rock  in  the  Sound  of  Mull,  which  is  called  the  Lady's 
Eock  to  this  day.  Her  brother,  the  Laird  of  Skipnish,  who  was  passing  through 
the  Sound  of  Mull  in  his  barge,  rescued  her.  Iler  husband,  as  it  now  appears 
from  this  Gaelic  song,  had  a  sham  funeral,  and  some  Mull  bard  composed  the 
lament,  which  Dr  Irvine  recovered.  The  Laird  of  Calder,  meeting  IMacLean  in 
Edinburgh,  thrust  his  sword,  scabbard  and  all,  through  his  brother-in-law, 
which  event  is  recorded  in  the  Irish  annals  of  Loch  Ce,  and  in  the  Argyll 
Genealogy. 

The  widow  '"'"  Lady  MacLean  was  married  afterwards  to  Archibald  Camp- 
bell, Laird  of  Achinbreck,  to  whom  she  bore  John  Campbell,  called  John 
Ayrach,  because  he  was  nursed  in  Glenaray.  He  was  the  first  of  the  former 
house  of  Stronedoar  in  Knapdale." 

So  far  as  I  am  able  to  form  an  opinion,  the  Gaelic  ballad  recovered  by 
Dr  Irvine  is  a  genuine  composition  of  the  time  of  James  V.  or  Queen  Mary, 
orally  preserved,  and  slightly  altered  in  dialect  by  time  and  modern  ortho- 
graphy. Dr  Irvine's  translation  renders  the  meaning  ;  a  poet  like  Sir  Walter 
Scott  might  give  life  to  the  translation, 

I  am,  Sir,  your  obedient  servant,  J.  F.  Cami'Bkll. 

Oran  [cumha]  do  Bhantighearn  Dhu 


airt,  d'  om  b'  ainm  Elizat,  piuthar  do 
Ghilleasbuig,  larla  Earraghail  sa 
bhliadhna  1530,  Leis  a  Bhard  Mhuil- 
each. 


DR   IRVINE  S   TRANSLATION. 

A  song  to  the  Lady  of  Duart,  whose 
name  was  Elizabeth,  sister  to  Archi- 
bald, Earl  of  Argyle,  in  the  year 
1530,  by  the  Mull  Bard. 

'S  cianail,  gruamach,  coimheach  guar-  j  Sad,  gloomy,  fierce,  and  wintry  wild 
ach  Looks  the  lofty  stormy  hill, 

A  d  fhas  am  f uar  mhon  ard  Boisterous,    rugged,   high    rolling     the 

An  Caol  tha  salach,  molach,  bailcach,     j       Since  the  fair  Ainnir  died;        [strait, 
O'n  dh'  cug  an  Ainnir  bhàn  ;  The  root  of  innocence,  the   branch  of 

Friamh  na  gloine,  Geug  na  loinne  |  union 

A  d  fhas  gu  lurach  àill' —  Which  blossomed  in  all  the  luxuriance 

I  of  beauty. 


298 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


Treas  Mios  a'  Glicamhraidh,  1873. 


Thug  fras  dhunai,  bhuainn  guu  fhuir- 
A  thilg  a  bun  os  burr.  feacli, 

'S  cruadalach  am  beurn  a  bhuail  sinn 

An  uair  bu  bhuaint  ar  dull; 
Bha  sinn  cridhail,  suntach.  mirail, 

Gun  bhraon  snith  air  sùil, 
A'  Chlùrsach  a'  toirt  ccòii  le  h-aiteas 

Fir  ag  cleasachd  dlii 
An  tulach  ait  le  toirm  ar  gaire 

As  baird  a  seinn  an  cliu. 

'IS'uair  a  sheallas  ris  an  aonach 

'S  ioma  fras  a  caochla  rian 
'Nuair  as  motlia  bhios  ar  dochas 

'S  ann  as  motha  ar  doghruinn  shios 
S  ionann  sin  's  mar  thacliair  dliuinne 

'N  uair  a  b'  fhuranacb  ar  miann 
Dh'  aom  a'  Chreag  le  toirm  gun  abh- 
acbd 

As  air  ar  n-ailleas  laidli  a  ghrian 

Cha  'n  ioghna  Lacliuinn  thu  bhi  dcur- 
ach 

Chain  thu  reul  nan  oighean 
Chain  thu  ionnus  mor  do  cheannich 

Chain  thu  tuigse  chomhra 
Chain  thu  sgiath  dhian  do  chaidribh 

Chain  thu  airde  foghlum 
Chain  thu  lul  a  chuain  ghabhai 

An  uair  a  b'  airde  dò-shion 


Thainig  i  mar  bhoillsge  greine 

Thoirt  leus  air  oiche  cheothar, 
Sgap  i  uainn  an  duthlachd  catha 

Bha  cur  smal  air  òigri, 
Chcangail  i  suas  ar  creuchdan  ruiteach 

Thiondai  guin  gu  sò-ghràdh, 
Thugi  dhuinn  ar  n'  airm  's  ar  n'  eidi 

As  reitich  i  gach  dù-bhcairt. 


But  which  the  shower  of  Death 

Suddenly   swept     away,    laying    its 
honours  low. 

Disastrous  the  blow  which  struck  us 

When  our  hopes  feared  no  change, 
Our  hearts  overtlowed  with  joy, 

The  drop  of  grief  fled  from  our  e'e 
The  harp  raised  the  exhilarating  song, 

The    warriors     plied    the     teats    of 
strength, 
The  rock  re-echoed  the  song  of  laughter. 

The    bards    sounded    the   praise    of 
chiefs. 

Mai'k  the  sloping  height 

Darkened  by  the  shower,  enlivened 
by  the  sun  ; 
We    indulge    the    hope    never     to    be 
changed ; 
It  breaks,  the  deepest  affliction  over- 
whelm us, 
Such  our  portion. 

We  looked  forward  to  days  of  peace, 
The  rock    burst  with    the    thunder  of 
death, 
The  sun  set  upon  our  pride. 

Great,  Lachlan,  is 
grief  ; 
Thou   hast   lost 
women, 
Thou  hast  lost  a  treasure  beyond  value, 
Thou  hast  lost  discretion  in  converse, 
Thou  hast  lost  the  shield  of  friends, 
Thou    hast     lost    the    perfection   of 
science, 
Thou    hast  lost    the   compass    of  the 
frightful  ocean 
Lashed  by  the  fiercest  tempest. 

She  came  like  the  sunbeam 

To  illumine  the  cloud-envelop'd  night; 
She  dispersed  the  storm  of  battle 

Which  saddened   the  hearts  of  our 
youth  ; 
She  bound  up  our  bleeding  wounds, 

She  turned  our  feuds  to  feasts  of  love; 
She    took    off    our    arms   and    martial 
garment, 

And  calmed  each  deathful  strife. 


the    cause    of  thy 
the    polar   star   of 


(7^0  he  concluded    in  our  next.) 


ENGLISH   DEPARTMENT. 


JANUARY,   1873. 


ENGLISH    EIVER    NAMES,    &c., 

DERIVED  FROM  THE  GAELIC 

LANGUAGE. 

In  a  former  article  it  was  very  dis- 
tinctly shown,  that  a  large  numljer  of 
English  and  Scotch  river  names  were 
identical,  and  that  their  derivation  was 
from  the  Gaelic  language,  and  not  the 
Welsh.  The  examples  given  extended 
also  all  over  both  England  and  Scotland, 
proving"  that  it  was  the  same  race  that 
had  given  the  names  in  both  countries, 
and  speaking  the  same  language. 

There  will  now  be  laid  before  the 
reader  a  very  great  number  of  English 
river  names  which  are  most  evidently 
derived  from  the  Gaelic  language.  In 
Yorkshire,  the  "  Dow"  is  clearly  from 
the  word  Du  or  Dubh,  meaning  "  dark  " 
or  "black."  The  surname  "Dow,"  in 
Scotland,  is  always  pronounced  as  if, 
spelled  Du.  The  "  Aran,"  in  Sussex, 
is  from  the  obsolete  Gaelic  word  "  Ai-  " 
meaning  "  slow,"  and  the  very  common 
contraction  An  for  "  a  river,"  whereby 
it  is  "  the  slow  river."  The  rivers 
called  "Rea,"  in  Worcester,  and  the 
"  Wi'ey,"  of  Devonshire,  are  from  Reldh, 
and  of  which  Gaelic  word  they  are 
■almost  the  exact  pronunciation ;  the 
meaning  is  "  the  smooth  river."  The 
large  river  called  the  "  Tees,"  certainly 
appears  to  come  from  Deas,  and  may 
signify  either  "  the  river  to  the  south," 
with  reference  to  the  Tyne  north  of  it, 
or  "  the  south  running  rivei',"  which 
the  Tees  does  for  several  miles  from  its 
source.  The  "Lee,"  of  Cheshire,  is 
apparently  from  Liath  (the  letters  th 
are  mute),  and  it  is  pronounced  Leeil, 
meaning  "  the  grey  river ;"  this  name 


has  a  great  similarity  to  the  "Leven's" 
of  England  and  Scothmd,  so  also  the 
"  Leen,"  of  Nottingham,  seems  to  have 
the  same  origin,  with  the  addition  of 
the  contraction  An,  for  Abhuinn,  a  river; 
thus  it  is  Lkdh-an,  and  is  also  "  the 
grey  river." 

The  "Lidden,"  of  Worcester,  was 
anciently  spelled  Leden,  and,  therefore, 
appears  to  be  derived  from  the  two 
words,  Lend  and  an,  meaning  "the  broad 
river."  The  "  Nar,"  of  Norfolk,  seems, 
no  doubt,  to  come  from  the  Gaelic  Near, 
(the  contraction  of  An-ear,)  meaning 
"  the  east  flowing  river ;"  the  Nore, 
a  part  of  the  estuary  of  the  Thames, 
appears  to  be  related  to  this  word. 
The  rivers  named  "Stour"  are  found 
in  Ptolomey's  Geography  of  the  year 
A.D.  120,  where  the  name  given  is 
"  Sturius."  This  practice  of  adding  a 
termination  to  Celtic  names  was  com- 
mon to  both  the  Greeks  and  Romans. 
We  see  in  this  instance  that  a  Gaelic 
etymology  is  very  clear,  because,  when 
the  foreign  termination  is  removed, 
Stui-[ms)  remains,  derived  from  the 
Gaelic  Shirr,  which  means  "rough"  or 
"  uneven."  Mr  Edmunds,  in  his  work, 
controverts  this  being  applicable  ;  but 
this  evidently  shows  he  does  not  know 
how  strictly  accurate  the  name  applies 
to  the  Stour  of  Dorsetshire,  which 
rises  in  the  high  lands  of  that  county, 
and  for  several  miles  in  its  descent 
from  its  source  it  is  both  "  rough  "  and 
"  uneven."  From  the  Gaelic  word 
Cai\  or  Char  (when  aspirated),  meaning 
"  a  bend  or  curve,"  we  have  the  ety- 
mology of  three  English  rivers,  the 
"Char,"    of  Dorset;   the  "  Chor,"    in 


300 


THE  GAEL. 


Lancashire ;  and  the  "  Kerr,"  of  IMid- 
dlcsex. 

The  "  None,"  in  the  county  of 
Northampton,  is  a  corruption,  appa- 
rently, of  the  name  of  the  Celtic  god 
of  the  waters,  called  Ncithe  ;  the 
"Nid,"  of  Yorkshire,  seems  also  to 
have  the  same  etymology  as  the  Scotch 
river  '*  Nith,"  and  Avhich  was  anciently 
spelled  "Neith,'"  derived,  undoubtedly, 
from  "Neithe;"  so  also  the  "Neath" 
of  the  county  of  Glamorgan.  Mr  Ed- 
munds states  there  is  no  proof  the 
AVelsh  race  knew  of  a  god  of  the 
waters  ;  but  if  this  last  river  was 
named  by  the  "Welsh  when  they  were 
heathens,  it  is  probable  they  did  know 
it.  If  not  named  by  them  (the  Welsh), 
then  it  was  by  the  Gael,  and  is  another 
proof  to  be  added  to  those  that  show 
the  Gael  preceded  the  Cymri  in 
Wales.  The  "  Anker,"  of  Leicester- 
shire, is  clearly  from  the  Gaelic  An-ciar, 
which  signifies  "  the  dun  or  russet- 
coloured  river."  The  •'  Duddon,"  of 
Westmoreland,  appears  to  be  from 
Dubh-an,  meaning  "  the  dark  river." 
The  "Gelt,"  of  Cumberland,  appears 
plainly  to  be  a  contraction  of  the  Gaelic 
words  Geal-allt,  meaning  "  the  white 
or  fair  stream."  In  Scotland  there  are 
several  rivers  named  ''  Gelly"  and 
''  Gcldie,"  which  have  the  same  deri- 
vation and  meaning.  The  "  Condcr" 
in  Lancashire  is  most  evidently  from 
Caoin  -  dur,  "  the  gentle  water  or 
stream."  The  "Bere,"  of  Dorset,  is 
the  exact  pronunciation  of  the  ancient 
Gaelic  word  Bior^  which  signifies 
"  water."  It  is  very  remarkable  the 
afiinity  of  the  Gaelic  to  other 
Eastern  languages.  Thus  "  Beer," 
in  Hebrew,  also  means  ''  water,"  and 
in  Arabic,"Bir,"  (identical  with  Gaelic) 
is  "  Water."  The  "  Ver,"  of  Hereford- 
shire, is  hhir,  the  aspirated  form  of  the 
(jlaelic  word  hir,  meaning  "water," 
the  letters  hh  in  it  are  pronounced  the 
same  as  the  letter  V  in  English  ;  hhir 
occurs  all   over  Scotland  in  the  verv 


commonplace  name  of //u'er.  The  "He,' 
of  Somerset,  seems  to  be  of  quite  the 
same  derivation  as  the  Scotch  river 
"  Islay,"  which  was  always  anciently 
written  "He,"  thereby  identical  with  the 
one  in  Somerset,  this  word  is  derived  from 
the  Gaelic  losol^  and  means  "  the  low 
flat-flowing  river,"  which  correctly  de- 
scribes its  character.  There  is  in  France 
a  very  similar  named  river,  given  of 
course  by  the  Celts  of  Gaul,  called  the 
"  Isole,"  and  in  Soain  there  is  an 
"Esla." 

The  "  Cam,"  of  Cam.bridge,  is  iden- 
tical with  the  Gaelic  Cam,  meaning 
"  the  winding  or  curved  river."  Mi- 
Edmunds  states  cam  is  common  both  to 
Gaelic  and  Welsh,  but  even,  if  so,  the 
probability  is  in  favour  of  the  Gael 
having  given  the  name  from  the  vast 
number  of  English  rivers  derived  from 
their  language.  The  "  Cann,"  of  Essex, 
the  "  Ken,"  of  Westmoreland,  which  is 
identical  with  the  "  Ken,"  of  Kirkcud- 
bright, and  also  tlie  "Kenne,"  of  Devon- 
shire, are  all  of  them  derived  from  the 
Gaelic  word  Ceann,  meaning  ''head," 
or  "extremity.''  The  "Cover,"  of 
Yorkshire,  is  from  the  Gaelic  word 
Cohhar,  (the  bh  is  pronounced  V) 
meaning  "  the  frothy  river.''  The 
large  English  river,  the  "  Severn,"  is 
very  apparently  derived  from  Gaelic 
words,  namely  Seimh  -  bhurn,  mean- 
ing "  the  gentle  or  tranquil  flowing 
water  or  river,"  which  is  very  descrip- 
tive of  it.  In  the  above  first  word,  the 
letters  7nh  are  pronounced  as  V  in  Eng- 
lish, so  also  is  the  bh  in  the  next  word  ; 
thus  these  two  words  together  though  they 
look  so  very  different  to  the  name  of  this 
river,  are,  in  fact,  very  close  to  it,  the 
pronunciation  being  as  if  written  ''  Save 
or  Shave-vourn,"  which,  after  many 
ages,  is  not  very  differently  represented 
by  tlie  word  Severn.  The  rivers  called 
the  "Ock,"of  Berkshire,  and  the  "Oke," 
of  Devonshire,  appear  to  be  no  doubt 
from  the  obsolete  Gaelic  word  Oich, 
which  means  "  the  water;"  there  is  in 


THE  GAEL. 


301 


Scotland  both  a  river  and  a  loch  called 
the  "  Oicli."  Mr  Edmunds'  etymology 
of  these  two  last  English  rivers  is  ma- 
nifestly wronp:,  he  brings  it  from  the 
Englisli  ^vord  "  Oak;"  but  if  that  was  to 
be  accepted  as  correct,  then  these  rivers 
must  have  remained  without  any  names 
for  hundreds  of  years,  because  the 
Angles  did  not  arrive  till  the  5th  or  Gth 
century  in  sufficient  numbers  to  give 
river  names ;  besides,  Cajsar,  55  years 
before  Christ,  and  Agricola,  in  tlie 
first  century,  found  the  country  fully 
peopled. 

There  arc  two  different  rivers,  both 
called  the  "  Coin,"  in  Essex  and  Glou- 
cester, very  clearly  from  the  two  Gaelic 
■words  Caol-an,  meaning  "the  nar- 
row river  "  ;  the  "  Cole,"  of  Warwick, 
and  the  "  Coly,"  are  most  probably 
derived  from  the  same  words.  The 
river  "  Thames  "  is  considered  by  the 
Eev.  1.  Taylor,  and  others,  as  most 
undoubtedly  related  to  the  Gaelic  word 
Tamil,  and  thereby  means  "  the  still 
quiet  river,"  whieh  is  very  descriptive  of 
the  Thames. 

James  A.  Robertson. 
{To  he  continued.) 


GAELIC  STATISTICS  —  CENSUS 
OF    SCOTLAND. 

It  was  in  1801  that  they  begnn  to 
take  the  census  every  ten  years.  Every 
time  that  this  was  done  they  ought  to 
have  noted  the  number  of  persons  able 
to  speak  Gaelic.  They  have  always 
neglected  to  do  this.  During  the  year 
1870,  representations  from  various 
quarters  were  made  to  the  Home  Secre- 
tary to  urge  this,  but  to  no  effect.  The 
census  return  from  Scotland,  England, 
and  Ireland,  is  in  the  form  of  a  report 
from  the  Registrar- General,  of  each  of 
the  three  divisions  of  the  United  King- 
dom, to  the  Home  Secretary.  There  is 
a  separate  Act  of  Parliament  for  each 
country  passed  in  the  year  before  the 


census-year.  The  wording  of  each  Act 
is  the  same.  Previous  to  1851,  in  Ire- 
land, they  improperly  neglected  to  note 
the  number  of  the  Irish-speaking  popu- 
lation ;  but  in  1851,  1861,  and  1871, 
they  had  the  sense  to  do  this.  The 
form  they  use  is  very  good  and  business- 
like. They  note  1.  The  number  who 
speak  Irish  only.  2.  The  number  who 
speak  Irish  and  English.  3.  Total  per- 
sons speaking  Irish.  4.  Proportion  per 
cent,  of  persons  spenking  Irish  to  the 
whole  population.  This  is  given  separ- 
ately in  each  province.  The  per  cent- 
age  of  Irish  speaking  persons  to  the 
whole  population  was  in  1851,  twenty- 
three,  and  in  ISGI  it  was  nineteen. 

lu  the  Isle  of  Man,  and  in  Wales, 
the  Celtic  language  statistics  have 
always  been  neglected,  in  the  same  way 
as  with  us  in  the  Highlands. 

Who  are  the  parties  to  blame  for 
this  ?  As  the  census  return  is  in  the 
form  of  a  report  from  the  Registrar- 
General  at  Edinburgh  to  the  Home 
Secretary,  it  is  clear  that  the  former 
ought  to  make  a  proper  return,  and  if 
he  does  not,  then  it  is  the  riglit  and 
the  duty  of  the  latter  to  find  fault. 
The  Lord  Advocate  has  the  supervision 
of  Parlimentary  bills  relating  to  Scot- 
land ;  if  any  of  them  are  faulty,  blame 
belongs  to  him.  If,  every  ten  years 
since  1801,  the  Gaelic  language  statis- 
tics had  been  ascertained  and  published, 
they  would  in  after  times  have  been 
looked  upon  as  a  valuable  historical 
record.  In  the  year  previous  to  the 
one  when  the  census  is  to  be  taken,  an 
Act  of  Parliament  is  passed  respecting 
it.  In  this  Act  there  ought  to  be  dis- 
tinct mention  of  the  Gaelic,  Welsh, 
Manx,  and  Irish  languages  ;  it  is  a 
matter  too  important  to  be  left  to 
chance,  or  to  the  caprice  or  indifference 
of  whatever  officials  may  happen  to  be 
in  office  at  the  time. 

Besides  their  historical  interest,  these 
statistics  would  strengthen  the  argu- 
ments of  the  friends  of  Gaelic  schools. 


302 


THE  GAEL. 


As  the  Act  of  Parliament  respecting 
the  Irish  census  is  under  the  same  as 
the  Scotch  Act  and  the  English  Act, 
we  wish  to  know  how  it  is  that  in  Ire- 
land they  manage  to  take  the  language 
statistics,  when  in  the  Highlands, 
Wales,  and  Man,  they  omit  to  do  so. 
This  neglect  is  very  sad  and  very  dis- 
gusting. As  it  is  the  country  that  is 
at  the  expense  of  the  census  being 
taken,  the  country  has  a  right  to  re- 
quire that  it  be  taken  in  a  proper 
manner. 

Thomas  Steattok. 


LEABHAR  NA  FEIKNE, 
Ok    Hekoic    Gaelic    Ballads    col- 
lected   AKD     ARRANGED    BY    J.    F. 

Campbell.     London,  1872. 

[Owing  to 2')ressiire  on  ow^  columns,  ive 
u-ere  comjjelled  to  curtail  this  article.'] 

To  the  Editor  of  the  "Popular 
Tales  of  the  AYest  Highlands" — that 
wonderful  repertory  of  Gaelic  lore — we 
already  owe  a  debt  of  deep  gratitude 
for  the  indefatigable  industry  and 
enthusiasm  with  which  he  has  rescued 
from  oblivion  these  fast  disappearing 
popular  '  talcs,  which  afforded  such 
delight  to  our  Celtic  ancestors.  In 
his  present  work  (so  happily  described 
in  the  euphonious  and  comprehensive 
title  of  Leahhar  na  Feinne),  of  which  we 
purpose  giving  a  very  brief  account, 
Mr  Campbell  has  h:ul  even  harder 
work  to  perform — work  involving  much 
time  and  consideration,  and '  a  good 
deal  of  what  we  can  well  conceive  to 
have  been  very  irksome  drudgery.  As 
the  title  indicates,  the  book  is  a  collec- 
tion of  popular  ballads  relating  to  the 
Feiime,  or  of  what  is  familiarly  termed 
Ossianic  poetry,  culled  from  every  ac- 
cessible unsuspected  source— from  the 
Dean  of  Lismore,  of  1512,  to  the  Tiree 
policeman  of  1872.  Intermediate 
among  his  authorities,  figure  bishop 
and  barrister,  minister  and  advocate, 
tailor    and    traveller,    policeman    and 


pauper,  who  are  all  thrown  into  Mr 
Campbell's  crucible,  to  furnish  tha 
pure  ore  of  which  his  text  is  composed. 
Conspicuous  by  their  absence  are  the 
once  well-known  names  of  James 
Macpherson,  and  Dr  Smith  of  Camp- 
beltown, whom  the  editor,  Avith  scru- 
pulous delicacy,  declines  to  cite  as 
witnesses,  in  accordance,  we  suppose, 
with  the  legal  maxim,  that  no  person 
can  be  called  upon  to  criminate  him- 
self. 

The  Ballads  or  Texts  are  arranged 
on  the  following  plan,  under  nine 
heads,  according  to  their  chronological 
sequence  : — 1.  The  story  of  Cuchullinj 
2.  The  story  of  Deirdre  ;  3.  The  story 
of  Fraoch  ;  4.  The  story  of  Fionn  and 
the  Feinne,  and  Korse  wars ;  a.  Paro- 
dies ;  6.  Later  Heroic  Ballads ;  7. 
Mythical  Ballads  ;  8.  Poems  like  Mac- 
pherson's  Ossian  ;  9,  Pope's  Collection. 
Under  the  first  four  headings,  which 
form,  of  course,  the  chief  interest  of 
the  book,  the  different  versions  of  the 
same  ballads  are  given  chronologically 
in  the  order  of  collection — in  the  ortho- 
graphy of,  and  word  for  word  with, 
the  original — thus  showing,  at  a  glance, 
the  variations  in  spelling  during  several 
centuries,  and  mutations  orally-pre- 
served literature  undergoes  in  the 
course  of  its  transmission  to  posterity. 

Mr  Campbell's  introductory  matter  is 
full  of  interest.  He  gives  a  most 
minute  account  of  all  Scoto-Celtic  MSS. 
existing,  or  known  to  exist,  from  900 
downAvards,  as  well  as  of  all  printed 
books  containing  Ossianic  poetry,  with 
the  two  notable  exceptions  we  have 
mentioned.  Every  piece  adopted  in  his 
texts  is  scrupulously  authenticated,  and 
he  everywhere  throughout  the  work 
rigidly  adheres  to  his  originals.  We 
have  here  collected  into  one  volume 
what  has  been  for  so  long  re- 
quired— all  the  Fenian  ballads  of  un- 
doubted origin  hitherto  scattered  broad- 
cast in  scarce  books  and  in  MSS. 
dillicult  of  access— in  short,  the  ballads 


THE  GAEl 


303 


of  popular  tradition,  known  to  the 
common  people.  We  hardly  need  refer 
to  the  great  literary  and  philological 
interest  of  such  a  book,  as  it  will  doubt- 
less receive  from  learned  Celtic  scholars 
that  notice  which  it  so  highly  deserves. 
Read  simply  as  ballads,  and  apart  from 
all  adventitious  sources  of  interest, 
Leabhar  na  Feinne  is  thoroughly  enjoy- 
able to  all  who  can  read  Gaelic,  and  to 
all  such  we  cordially  i-ecommend  this 
handsome  and  beautifully  printed  vol- 
ume, so  worthy  of  the  subject.  We 
look  forward  with  much  interest  to  the 
promised  English  translation,  as  "we 
shall  doubtless  have  from  the  learned 
barrister  a  summing  up  of  the  evidence 
in  causa,  Campbell  versus  Macpherson, 
a  subject  which,  in  the  present  volume, 
receives  but  passing  reference.  We 
confess  a  feeling  of  kindness  for  ihe 
latter,  notwithstading  all  his  pride  and 
perverseness  and  the  trouble  he  has 
caused.     So, 

If  you're  strong,  be  merciful, 
Great  Campbell  of  the  "Tales." 
— Com  municated. 

THE  BONNET,  KILT,  AND  FEATHER. 

Air— "  Wha'll  be  King  but  Charlie?" 
Whe>t  time  was  young,  and  Adam  strung 

His  leafy  garb  together, 
Then  first  were  planned  the  outlines  grand 

Of  bonnet,  kilt,  and  feather. 
Cnorus—0  dear  to  me  as  life  can  be 

The   land    where    blooms    the 
heather ; 
And  doubly  dear  the   lads   who 
wear 
The  bonnet,  kilt,  and  feather  ! 
Your  dandy  vaunts  his  skin-tight  pants, 

Just  fit  such  things  to  tether; 
But  give  to  me,  all  flowing  free. 
The  bonnet,  kilt,  and  feather. 
In  lordly  hall,  or  courtly  ball, 

Where  all  that's  grand  foregather. 
There's  nothing  seen  to  match  the  sheen 

Of  bonnet,  kilt,  and  feather. 
The  georgeousness  of  Solomon's  dress, 

Put  Sheba's  queen  thro'ither, — 
A  proof  to  me  his  Majesty 

Dress'd  in  the  kilt  and  feather ! 


Let  despots  all,  both  great  and  small, 

Who  wish  to  "save  their  leather," 
Beware  how  they  come  in  the  way 

Of  bonnet,  kilt,  and  feather ! 
Let  Alma's  height— Bal'clava's  fight — 

Suffice  to  show  you  whether 
There's  aught  to  fear  for  freedom  where 

Are  seen  the  kilt  and  feather. 
At  Inker  man  the  Buss  came  on, 

Like  fiends  from  regions  nether, 
Yet  there  in  blood,  victorious  stood 

The  bonnet,  kilt,  and  feather. 
If  awe  or  fear  came  ever  near 

The  Corsican  bloodshedder, 
It  was  to  scan  in  battle's  van 

The  bonnet,  kilt,  and  feather. 
On  Egypt's  sands  they  taught  his  bauds 

To  rue  they  e'er  went  thither ; 
At  Waterloo  immortal  grew 

The  bonnet,  kilt,  and  feather. 
Behold  them  now  by  Ganges'  flow 

Still  brighter  laurels  gather  ; 
Ail  odds  are  braved,  a  nation  saved — 

So  much  for  Icilt  and  feather. 
0  garb  sublime  for  any  clime ! 

What  mortal  man  would  swithcr, 
To  toast  Avith  me  now,  three  times  three, 

The  bonnet,  kilt,  and  feather! 

Evan  Mac-Coll. 


CORRESPONDENCE. 

THE  RIVER  NAMES  OF  ENG- 
LAND AND  SCOTLAND,  AND 
WHAT  THEY  PROVE. 

Sir, 

As  myself  and  my  book  ("Traces  of 
History  in  the  Names  of  Places/'^  are 
referred  to  several  times  in  the  article 
by  Col.  Robertson  in  your  November 
number,  a  copy  of  which  has  just 
reached  me,  I  apprehend  you  will  allow 
me  space  for  a  few  words  of  reply. 

Taking  the  least  important  point  first, 
I  may  say  that  I  cannot  claim  the 
honour  of  being  a  Welshman.  I  am 
content  to  be  known  simply  as  what  I 
am  :  an  Englishman  of  Anglo-Norman 
lineage,  who  has  devoted  many  years 
to  philological  studies,  in  which  the 
Welsh  language  has  not  been  omitted. 


504 


THE  GAEL. 


My  niiiin  object  in  writing,  however,  ! 
is  the  more  important  one,  of  the  ety-  ! 
mology  of  the  river  names  of  England.  | 
In  my  book  I  Iiave  gone  througli  the 
whole  of  the  names  cited  by  Col.  l?ob-  : 
ertson.  and  have  given  my  reasons  for 
believing  that  they  all,  vi'itli  two  excep- 
tion?. "Usk"  and  "Eden,"  are  fully 
explicable  as  British  or  Cymric  words, 
and  that,  therefore,  having  found  a 
sufficient  cause,  we  are  not  called  upon 
to  ask  further.  Granting,  however, 
for  the  sake  of  argument,  that  I  have 
not  succeeded  in  my  demonstration,  I 
submit  that  Col.  Robertson's  case  is  not 
mended  by  tlic  admission.  There  are 
certain  general  considerations  which 
override  all  arguments  at  detail  in  this 
matter. 

First,  It  is  certain  that  none  of  the 
rivers  mentioned  by  Col.  Robertson  are 
of  either  first  or  second  magnitude.  Ex- 
cepting only  the  Dun  and  the  Aire, 
which  are  but  small  streams,  the  others 
are  all  insignificant  obscure  brooks,  not 
worthy  the  name  of  "  rivers." 

Secondly,  All  the  rivers  of  any  im- 
portance in  England  have  either  pure 
British  names  or  British  names  Angli- 
anised.  For  example,  Tiiames,  from 
taf;  Severn,  from  Hafren.  Dee,  Ilum- 
ber,  Wye,  Derwent,  Tees,  are  all  pure 
British,  or  very  nearly  so. 

Thirdly,  The  existence  of  Celtic- 
named  brooks  in  outlying  districts  is 
fully  accounted  for  by  the  historical 
fact  of  the  repeated  incursions  of 
Picts  and  Caledonians  into  South 
Britain  during  the  fourth  and  fifth 
centuries.  It  is  not  to  be  supposed  that 
the  invaders  all  rccrossed  the  Tweed  ; 
and  small  isolated  colonies  may  have 
given  names  to  the  brooks  about  which 
they  settled;  in  a  country  which  was 
very  sparsely  peopled.  (See  Ciildas, 
Nennius,  the  A.  S.  Chronicle,  etc., 
■passim.)  Parallel  traces  of  Irish  incur- 
sions are  frequent  in  "Wales,  in  words 
of  which  (JwyddelC'man  of  the  woods," 
or  Irishman)  forms  part,  but  we  do  not 


conclude    from    thence  that    the    Irish 
were  the  first  inhabitants  of  Wales. 

As  to  the  Cyrary  in  Scotland,  I 
quite  accept  Col.  Robertson's  theory 
that  they  were  military  colonists  planted 
by  the  Romans,  but  I  cannot  with  equal 
readiness  accept  the  details  of  his 
argument.  Clydesdale  seems  to  me  to 
contain  many  more  Cymric  names  than 
he  admits.  Lanark  (from  llanerch,  a 
dearing),  Tintock  (iin-iug,  portions  of 
the  district),  Dun-briton  (now  Dumbar- 
ton), Ben  Arthur,  &c.,  are  examples. 
These  two  latter  places,  too,  are  so  near 
Argyllshire  that  I  think  it  by  no  means 
certain  that  Col.  Robertson  is  right  in 
I  asserting  that  "  the  Cymry  never  were 
there."  I  suspect,  too,  that  Lomond  is 
none  other  than  the  British  laman, 
a  standard,  meaning  a  place  where  the 
tribes  assembled,  like  the  Saxon  ivap- 
ensliaw.  Plinlimmon,  in  Wales,  is  cer- 
tainly Pum-lnman,  the  hill  of  the  five 
standards. — Very  respectfully  yours, 
Flavell  Edmunds,  F.U.II.S. 
Ilerford.  Nov.  15,  1872. 


AN  DUANAG   LTLLAMII. 

Sir, — The  Gaelic  poem,  of  which 
Mr  J.  F.  Campbell  has  sent  you  a  copy, 
■\vas  published  in  Ronald  JI'Donald's 
collection  in  1776,  and  again,  in  1809, 
in  a  second  edition  of  ihe  same  collec- 
tion. J\Ir  Campbell's  copy  agrees 
generally  with  M'Donald's,  but,  in  some 
places,  it  is  less  accurate,  as  shov.'n  by 
the  following  comparison  : — 
Verse  16.  For 
"  Clan  na  Leoin  gu  laidir  lionmhur 

O'n  Fhion  mhullach," 
(The  Macleans,  strong  and  numerous, 

From  the  white  [fionn]  top), 
M'Donald's  copy  has, 
"  Clann  a  leoin  gu  laidir  lionbhir, 

O'n  tir  mhuillich." 
(The  Macleans,  strong  and  numerous. 

From  Mull). 
V.   18.  For 

"  Chean(n)  bheirt  "    (helmet),  M'Don- 
ald's copy  has  "cheannart"  (chieftain). 


THE  GAEL. 


301 


Y.  21.  For 

"  Calen  na  d'aighsan  gun  coimhmheas 

An  Thiarla  uirach  " — 
Which  Mr  Campbell  translates, 
"  Colin,  after  him,  is  peerless, 

That  noble  Earl ' — 
M'Donald's  copy  ha?, 
"  Cailain  na  dheigh  sin  gun  choimeas, 

An  Tiarl  Aorach." 
(Colin^  after  him,*  matchless. 

The  Earl  of  Aray.) 
V.  9. 
"Dheantar  an  slaogh  dhireach  dualach, 

Mar  bhraigh  thosuigh  " — 
M'hich  Mr  Campbell  translates, 
'•  Tlieir  straight  cables  are  made  coiled, 

To  top  the  fo'k'stle  " — 
is,  in  M'Donald's  copy, 

'"Deintir  an  staoigh  dirich,  dualich, 

Mu  'n  bhraigh  tshoisich.'' 
(Deantar  an  stadh  direach,  dualach, 
Mu  'n  bhraigh  thoisich.) 
Slaogh,  in  Mr  Campbell's  copy,  is  obvi- 
ously a  mistake  for  staogh.     M'Donald's 
2nd  edition  hasstag/i,  butthe  more  correct 
orthography  is  stadh.     The  stadh  (stayj 
is    tlie    rope    that    sustains    the    mast 
(II.  S.'s  Diet.).     It  is  drawn  tight  or 
straight  (direach),  and  fastened  with  a 
knot  or  loop  (dual)  to  the  fore-breast. 
V.  12.     For 

"  O'  mharcuigh  reamhra  " — 
which  Mr  Campbell  translates, 
•'  From  rich  mark  lands  [?  markets]," 
M'Donald's  copy  has, 

"  O  'm  barcibh  reibhra." 
(0  'm  barcaibh  reamhra.) 
V.  13. 

"Le  laigh  a  chartas," 
Mr  Campbell  translates, 

"  With  hands  of  justice." 
But   laigh,  if  any  part  of  the  noun 
làmh,    must    be    the    dative    singular 
(Idhnh),   and    cannot,    therefore,    mean 
hands. 
M'Donald's  copy  has — 

"  Le  laoigh  a  chearteais  " — • 
And,  if  we  compare  laoigh  with  staoigh 

*  For  "  'na  dhièfrh-san." 


for  staogh^  stagh  (v.  9),  we  may  safely 
conclude  that 

"  Le  laigh  a  chartas  " — 
is  for 

''Le  lagh  a'  cheartais." 
(With  law  of  justice.) 
Laoich*  for  laoch  (v.  11,  M'Don.'s  copy) 
and  seoiladh  for  sebladh  (v.  8,  Mr  C.'s 
copyj,  are  other  examples  which  may  be 
compared  with  laigh  for  lagh,  and  laoigh 
for  laogh,  lagh. 

V.  2G.  "  Gurrain"  (Mr  G.'s  copy)  is 
for  "  dh'  urrainn.''  M'Donald's  copy 
has  "  dhuirrin." 

I  may  notice  also  that,  while  Mr 
Campbell's  copy  entirely  disregards, 
M'Donald's  partially  observes,  the 
grammatical  inflections. 

Both  copies  have  several  Irish  idioms. 

In  jM'Donald's  Collection,  the  poem 
is  said  to  have  been  composed  by  the 
bard  of  Maclean,  and  the  date  assigned 
to  it  is  1569. — 1  am,  &c., 

Alkxandeu  Cameron. 

Ronton,  ord  Dec,  1872. 


"THE  HIGHLANDER." 
We  have  just  received  the  prospectus 
of  a  newspaper  (bearing  the  above 
happy  title)  which  is  to  be  published  in 
the  Highland  capital.  Judging  from  the 
prospectus  before  us,  The  Highlander 
will  be  not  only  an  excellent  news- 
paper, but  will  also  supply  a  desideratum 
which  is  now  very  much  felt,  and  the 
well-known  talent  of  its  editor — Mr 
Murdoch — warrants  the  hope  that  it 
shall  rank  among  the  best  of  weeklies, 
and  assume  a  free  and  independent  air. 
The  Higldander  has  one  oJiject  in 
view,  which,  of  itself,  should  obtain  for 
it  the  sympathy  and  support  of  sliochd 
nam  bea?ni  everywhere — "  to  advocate 
the  interests,  and  afford  expression  to 
the  views  of  the  inhabitants  of  the 
Highlands  and  Islands  of  Scotland." 
In    ventilating-    local    matters,    The 

»    "  Liuthid     laoich"  for    "  A    liuthad 
laoch"  (so  many  heroes.) 


506 


THE  GAEL. 


EigldamJer  shall  take  an  active  part.  It 
promises  to  give  the  "  earliest  and 
most  authentic  intelligence."  The  High- 
lander is  not  only  to  be  Ilighland  in 
sentiment,  for  the  language  also  is  to 
receive  special  attention,  a  department 
being  set  out  for  that  purpose.  Ihe 
Highlander  has  our  warmest  sympathies, 
and  -vve  hope  its  undertakers  will  find  it 
a  success  both  socially  and  financially. 
Its  publishing  company  is  at  present 
being  formed.  The  capital  shall  be 
£3000,  in  3000  shares  of  £1  each,  and 
it  is  hoped  that  that  sura  will  speedily 
be  gathered,  and  Tlte  Highlander  enabled 
to  don  liis  tartan,  and  wield  his  "  clay- 
more "  in  the  cause  of  his  country  and 
his  race. 

For  the  benefit  of  our  readers  we 
subjoin  a  few  extracts  from  the  pros- 
pectus before  us: — 

"  A  primary  object  of  The  Highlander 
■will  be  to  awaken  au  iuteUigent  and  vigor- 
ous public  spirit,  and  afford  opportunity 
and  encouragement  to  the  inhabitants  of 
the  Highlands  and  Islands  to  be  heard  in 
their  own  behalf,  and  in  matters  on  which 
they  are  best  able  to  judge.  Highland 
interest,  however,  will  be  advocated,  and 
Highland  ideas  ventilated,  in  no  narrow 
spirit,  but  in  the  conviction  that  High- 
landers have  duties  to  perform  as  well  as 
rights  to  defend.     *         *        *        *        * 

"  The  nation  now  begins  to  see  that  the 
policy  of  depopulating  the  country,  and 
throwing  the  land  out  of  cultivation,  was 
an  economic  blunder  of  the  gravest  sort, 
carried  out  in  cruel  disregard  of  the  feel- 
ings and  instincts  of  the  people.  The 
Highlander  will  endeavour  to  give  effect  to 
the  wiser  and  more  generous  views  now 
taking  possession  of  the  public  mind — 
advancing  alike  the  real  interests  of  land- 
lord and  tenant,  and  at  the  same  time 
benefiting  all  otlier  classes  of  the  com- 
munity. 

"  Among  the  topics,  therefore,  which 
shall  have  prominence,  are — the  Land 
Question  ;  Game  Preservation  and  Deer 
Foresting ;  the  best  systems  of  llural 
Economy  and  Practical  Husbandry  ;  the 
establisliing  of  I^Ianufactures  in  the  Iligh- 
lands ;  the  Fisheries ;  the  working  of 
Mines,  Quarries,  and  Peat  Llosses ;   the 


Utilization  of  Sewerage  ;  Railway  Exten- 
sion, Management,  &c.  Other  questions 
will  arise  to  be  dealt  with  according  as 
they  aft'ect  the  well-being  and  doing  of  the 
community. 

"  Gaelic  is  still  spoken,  perhaps,  over  one- 
half  the  area  of  Scotland,  and  by  consider- 
able numbers  in  our  large  towns  and  colo- 
nies ;  whilst  the  learned  of  all  lauds  look  to 
the  Gaelic  language  for  valuable  materials 
with  which  to  perfect  Philology,  Archeo- 
logy, and  other  branches  in  Science  and 
Pliilosophy.  The  views  of  both  the  learned 
and  the  unlearned  shall  be  met,  and  tlie 
columns  of  The  Highlander  made,  so  far, 
racy  of  the  soil,  by  some  space  being  de- 
voted to  Gaelic  articles,  tales,  poetry,  and 
music,  both  ancient  and  modern.  Occa- 
sionally, Gaelic  readers  shall  be  introduced 
to  Irish,  Manx,  Welsh,  &c."    *        *        * 


XEWS  OF  THE  HIGHLANDS  AND 
ISLANDS. 

The  Celtic  Society  of  Edinburgh,  which 
was  founded  by  Sr  Walter  Scott,  and  of 
which  the  Duke  of  Argyll  is  President,  is 
to  hold  a  grand  fashionable  ball  in  order  to 
collect  funds  in  the  aid  of  establishing  the 
Gaelic  PROFEssousnir. 

Kingussie, — A  masonic  Iodide  has  been 
founded  here  of  late,  and  several  of  the 
most  respectable  in  the  village  and  vicinity 
have  become  members.  Wiiile  we  are  so 
enthusiastic  in  upholding  -'foreign  ele- 
ments," might  we  not  do  something  to  up- 
hold our  nationality  ?  While  other  villages 
are  starting  Gaelic  societies,  might  Ivingussie 
not  try  its  luck  by  taking  a  step  in  that 
direction  too  ?  It  sends  more  members  to 
the  Inverness,  Eoss,  and  Nairn  Club  than 
any  other  place  of  its  size  in  these  three 
counties ;  and  could  we  not  be  equally 
munificent  in  supporting  a  Gaelic  Society, 
to  bring  forth  any  latent  flame  which  may 
still  be  dormant  within  us  of  the  genius 
inherited  by  our  brave  ancestors  ? 


ANSWEPvS  TO  COPtRESPONDENTS. 

Ekuatum. — Whilst  the  last  number  of 
The  (lael  was  going  through  the  press,  two 
words  have  fallen  out  of  tlie  ninth  line  of 
the  Gaelic  translation,  by  "  Nether-Locha- 
ber,"  of  Kebbecca's  Hymn.  In  some  copies 
theg  are,  others  want  them.  The  verse 
begins  thus : — 

"An  sin  bha  laoidhean  naoimh  a's  sailm 
Le  tromp  a's  tiomhan  'seirm  do  chliù."  &c. 


I  Leabh.] 


CEUD  MIOS  AN  EARRAICH,  1873. 


[12  AiR. 


AIR    CRUINN  -  3IHEALLABH 
SOILLSEACH  NAX  SPEUR. 

IV. — Eakrann. 

AIR  CAOGELAIDHIBB  NA 
GEALAICH. 

Tha  oibre  an  Tighearn  leliòbhaih 
òirdheirc  agus  seasmhach.  Gheail  e 
fèin,  do  nach  comus  breug  a  dheanamh, 
gu'm  buanaich  na  beannachdaa  agus 
na  trbcairean,  ata  'srutbadh  o  theas  agus 
o  sholus  na  greine  co  fad  's  a  bhuaa- 
aicheas  an  talamh  fein.  Tha  e  ag 
ràdh,  "Am  feadh  a  mhaireas  an  talamh, 
cha  sguir  àm  an  t-sìl-chuir  agus  foghar, 
agus  fuachd  agus  teas,  agus  sùmhradh 
agus  geamhradh,  agus  là  agus  oidhche." 
— (Gen,  \ì\\.  22.)  Ge'  be  taobh  air  an 
amhairc  sinn  air  feadh  na  cruitheachd, 
cha  chomus  duinn  gun  mheur  a'  Chrui- 
their  fhaicinn  anns  gach  nì !  Shuidhich 
e  a'  ghrian  agus  na  reultan  ann  an 
speuraibh  neimh,  air  chor  is  gu'm  bheil 
ceithir  ràidhean  na  bliadhna  a'  teachd 
gu  riaghailteach  an  dèigh  a  cheile  agus 
a'  cur  nghaidh  a'  chruinne-che  fo 
chaochladh  dreach !  'S  an  Earrach. 
tha  fear  agus  luibhean  a'  briseadh  a 
mach  as  an  talamh  agus  a'  còmhdacbadh 
a  luime !  Tha  an  tuathanach  a'  sgapadh 
rogha  SÌ1  'n  a  fhearann,  a  bheir  a  mach 
toradh  ioma-fiUte  ann  an  am  iomchuidh. 
'S  an  t-Samhradli  than  talamh  'n  a  Ian 
ghlòir, — gach  luibh  agus  craobh  fo 
bhlath,  agus  gach  toradh  luachmhor 
'ga  thoirt  a  mach  leis  a'  ghrein  !  ''  Tha 
na  cnuic  ri  gàirdeachas  air  gach  taobh, 
na  cluainean  air  an  sgeudachadh  le 
treudaibh,  agus  na  glinn  air  an  comh- 
dachadh  le  h-arbhar. " — "S  an  Fhoghar- 


adh,  fàsaidh  na  h-achan  geal, — sàthaidh, 
am  buanaiche  a  staigh  a  chorran,  lionar, 
an  t-amar  fiona,  agus  cuiridh  an  dabh- 
ach  thairis.! — "  ladsan  a  chuir  le  deu- 
raibh,  buainidh  iad  le  gàirdeachas! 
Esan  a  chaidh  a  mach  agus  a  ghuil,  ag' 
lomchar  sil  luachmhoir,  thig  e  ris  le 
gàirdeachas,  a'  giiilan  a  sguab.'' — Mar^ 
so,  lionar  cridhe  an  duine  le  gean  agus 
subhachas,  agus  ni  e  aoiblineas  'n  a 
shaothair  uile !  'S  a'  Gheamhradh, 
caochailidh  an  talamh  a  shnuadh  agus 
j  riiisgear  dheth  a  bhreaghad  ! — "As  an 
àirde-deas  thig  ioma-ghaoth,  agus 
fuachd  as  an  airde-tuath !  Le  anail 
Dhd  bheirear  reodhadh !  Bheir  e  sne- 
achda  mar  dainn  ;  sgaoilidh  e  an  liath- 
reodh  mar  luaithre  !  Tilgidh  e  a  mach 
eigh  mar  ghreamanna  ;  c6  dh'  fheudas 
seasamh  roimh  f  huachda  ?  '' — Mar  so, 
i  tha  co-slmidheachadh  na  talmhaina 
ann  am  fochair  na  greine,  a'  toirt  air 
rùidhean  na  bliadhna  aon  a'  cheile  a 
leantuinn  !  Air  uairibh,  tha  'ghrian  a- 
tilgeadh  a  gathan  laga  air  saoghal  reota 
ach  air  uairibh  eile,  tha  i  a'  cur  a  mach. 
a  soluis  agus  a  teas  airionadaibh  tuatha 
na  talmliainn,  agus  a'  co-i'oinn  beatha 
agus  maise  riu  !  Mar  so,  tha  Dia  air 
a  ghlorachadh  'n  a  oibribh  ! 

Labhair  sinn  roimhe  air  na  reultalbh. 
Mekcuri,  Bhexus,  agus  an  talamh, 
agus  nochd  sinn  gu'n  robh  an  làitheau 
agus  an  ùidhchean  aca  maraon,  Tha 
teallsanaich  an  diiil,  gu'm  bheil  gealaich- 
ean  aig  Mercuri  agus  Bhenus,  chum  an 
oidhchean  a  shoillseachadh  ;  ach  air  do 
na  reultaibh  sin  a  bhi  co  teann  air  a' 
ghrein,  cha  'n  'eil  innleachd  air  an  geal- 
aichean  fhaicinn,  ma  tha  iad  aca.  Ach 
tha  sinn  cinnteach,  gu'm  bheil  aon 
"healach   mhor,  bhuidhe,  againn  fein. 


308 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


Ceud  Mios  an  Earraich,  1873. 


chum  dorchadas  ar  n-òidhchean  fhòg- 
radh  air  falbli  ;  agus  ni  sinn  dichioU,  a 
nis,  air  cùnntas  goirid  a  tlioirt  oirre. 
Cha'n  eil  a'  gbcalach  'n  a  reiilt,  mar  a 
ta  Mercuri,  Bhenus,  an  Talamh,  agus 
reultau  cile,  acli  is  ball  cruinn  i,  a  ta, 
'cuàirteucbadh  na  greine  !  Tba  ochd 
gealaichean  deiig,  gu  leir,  aig  na  rcul- 
taibb.  a  bbuineas  do'n  gbrOin  againn  ; 
agus  diubb  so  tba  aon  aig  an  Talanib, 
.-•.eitbir  aig  lupiter, — seacbd  aig  Saturn 
agus  sea  aig  Uranus.  Tba  a'  gbealacb 
againne  'cuairteacbadb  na  talmhainn 
ann  an  seacbd  la,  ficbead,  seacbd  uaircan 
agus  tri  agus  da  fbicbead  mionaid  ;  ach 
o  cbaocbladb  gu  caocbladb,  tba  i  'gabb- 
ail  naoi  la  ficbead,  da  uair  dbeug,  agus 
ceitbir  agus  datliicbead  mionaid,  cbura 
a  cuairt  a  cboimblionadb.  Tba  i  beag 
an  coimeas  ris  an  talamh  ;  oir  cha'n 
'eil  i  ach  da  mbile,  aon  cbèud,  agus  tri 
ficbead  de  mbiltibb  troipe,  an  uiir  a  tba 
an  talamh  dliitb  air  ocbd  mile  de  mbil- 
tibb troimbe  1  Tha'n  talamh  uime  sin, 
còrr  agus  tri  ficbead  uair  ni's  mo  na 
'gbealacb.  Tha  i  ni's  faide  o'n  talamh 
air  uairibb  scach  a  cbeile  ach  tha  i  mar 
a's  trice  mu  dbà  cheud,  agus  da  fbicbead 
mile  de  mbiltibb  air  astar  uaitbe!  Thai 
a'  siubbal  'n  a  cearcall  mu'n  cuairt  do'n 
talamh  da  cheud,  ceitbir  ficbead  agus 
deich  de  mhiltibh  anns  an  uair  !  Tha'n 
talamh  a'  cuairteachadh  na  greine  ann 
am  bengan  a  thuilleadh  air  tri  cheud, 
tri  fichead,agus  còiglàithean;  tha  'gbeal- 
acb, uime  sin,  a'  cuairteachadh  na 
greine  'san  iiine  cheudua;  ach  tba  i 
'deanamh  mòran  astair  a  bhàrr  air  an 
talamh,  do  brigb  gu'm  bheil  i  'ga  chuair- 
teachadh  gachmios,  agus  a'  cumail  suas 
ris,  a  thuilleadh  air  sin,  'na  chuairt  mu'n 
ghrein.  Air  an  aobhar  sin,  tha  e  soil- 
leir,  gu'm  bheil  a'  gbealacb  a'  deanamh 
cuairte  na  talmhainn  mu  tbimchioU  na 
greine  ann  am  bliadbna ;  ach  osbàrr, 
tba  i  an  taobh  a  staigh  do'n  nine  sin  a 
ouairteacbadh  na  talmhainn  'na  cearcall 
fein  tri  uairean  dcug.  Tha  'gbealacb 
cosmbuilris  an  talamh, 'n  a  meall  cruinn, 
dorch,  unite  fein,  a  ta  soilleir  a  mbàin 


trid  ghathannaibh  na  greine  a  bhi  'bual- 
adh  oirre.  Air  an  aobhar  sin,  tha'n 
leth  sin  dbith  a  ta  fa  chomhair  na  greine 
a  ghniith  soilleir,  agus  an  leth  eile  ann 
an  dorchadas.  Cha'n  fhaic  sinne  i  aii^ 
am  a  caocblaidb,  do  bbrigh  gu'm  bheil  i 
direach  eadar  sinn  agus  a'  ghrian,  agus 
an  taobh  dorch  dhi  ruinn.  Ach  air  di 
beagan  astair  a  dbeanamh  'ua  slighe, 
chi  sinn  earrann  bbeag  do'n  taobh  shoil- 
leir  aice,  a  ta  sior  mbeudacbadh,  gus 
am  bi  i  fa  chomhair  na  greine,  air  an 
taobh  cile  do'n  talamh,  an  uair  a  chi 
sinn  an  taobh  soilleir  aice  gu  loir,  agus 
an  sin,  tha  i  Ian,  cruinn,  agus  dealracb. 
Air  an  dòigh  cheudna,  tha  i  a"  caitbeamb, 
gus  an  ruig  i,  a  ris,  eadar  sinn  agus  a' 
ghrian,  an  uair  nach  fhaicear  idir  i. 
Tha  i  cosmbuil  ris  na  reultaibh  a'  tionn- 
dadh  air  a  mul  fein,  agus  tha  e  anabar- 
rach  iongantach,  gu'm  bheile  an  ùine  a 
ta  i  'gabbail  chum  sin  a  dbeanamh  co- 
ionann  ann  am  faidead  ris  an  iune  a  ta 
i  'toirt  a  mach,  chum  cuairt  a  chur  air 
an  talamh.  Agus  air  do'n  chùis  a  bhi 
mar  sin,  tha  e  'tachairt  gur  e  an  aon 
taobh  dhi  a  ta'n  comhnuidb  ruinne,  ge 
b'e  aite  d'a  cuairt  anns  am  bi  i.  Tha'n 
taobh  so  a  ghnàth  soilleir ;  oir  an  uair 
nach  bi  a'  ghrian  'ga  sboillseachadh, 
tha'n  talamh  a'  toirt  soluis  da,  tri  uair- 
ean deug  ni's  dealraicbe  na'n  solus  a  ta 
'gbealacb  a'  tilgeadh  air  an  talamh. 
Tha'n  taobh  do'n  ghealaicb,  gidlieadb, 
nach  'eil  sinne  idir  a'  faicinn,  soilleir  rò 
cheithir  l;i  deug,  agus  dorch  re  cheithir 
la  deug  eile.  Air  do'n  ghealaicb  a  bhi 
CO  fagus  do  hlimh,  an  coimeas  ris  na 
reultabh,  tba  cothrom  ni's  fearr  aig  na 
reultairibbairafaicinlc'ngloiueacbaibh. 
Tha  iad,  uime  sin,  a'  deanamh  a  mach 
gu'm  bheil  i,  cosmbuil  ris  an  talamh, 
air  a  còmhdachadh  le  beanntaibb, 
gleainitaibb,  agus  macbraicbibb ! 
Chaidb  cuid  de  bheanntaibh  na  gealaich 
a  thombas,  agus  tha  iad  mar  a's  trice 
da  mhile  air  airde ;  tha  iad  cruinn,  agus 
corrach,  agus  anabarrach  lionmhor. 
Cha'n  fhacas  a'  bbeag  de  choslas  uisge 
anns  a'  "healaich,  ajirus  cha'n  'eil  adhar 


Ceud  Mios  an  Earraich,  1870. 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


309 


aice,  no  neòil  mu  timcliioll,  mar  a  ta  aio: 
an  talamh.  Feumaidh  aimsir  na  geal- 
aiche  a  bhi  anabarracli  iongantach,  agus 
caochlaideach,  air  di  a  bhi,  re  cheithir 
la  deug  eile  air  a  claoidh  leis  an  reodh- 
adh  as  teinne  a  dh'  fheudas  a  bhitli. 
Ma  tha  creutairean  a'  ghabhail  taimh 
oirre,  m  nach  'eil  neocbomasach  do'n 
Ti  Uile-Chumhachdach  òrdacbadh,  tba 
e  cinnteach,  gu'm  bheil  iad  air  an 
dealbhadh  leis-san,  le  nàdur  freagarrach 
?àr  a  son ;  oir,  a  reir  ar  beachd-ne,  cba 
b'urrainn  do  chreutairibh  na  talmhainn 
so  a  bhi  beo  oirre. 

Ged  tha  solus  na  gealaiche  diblidh 
agus  fann,  an  coimeas  ri  solus  deàlracli 
na  greine  ;  gidheadh,  tha  efeumail  agus 
taitneach,  chum  dorchadas  nan  oidh- 
chean  fada  geamhraidh  fhògaradh  air 
falbh  !  Shuidhich  an  Cruithear  a' 
ghealach  ann  an  speuraibh  nèimh,  mar 
"  an  solus  a's  lugha  a'  riaghladh  na  h- 
oidhche,"  agus  rinneadh  i  "  air  son 
chomharan,  agus  air  son  aimsirean,  agus 
air  son  làithean,  agus  bhliadhnachan," 
CO  math  ris  a'  ghrein  !  Air  an  aobhar 
sin,  tha  ach  beag,  gach  uile  chinneach 
a'  tomhasiiine  le  cuairtibh  na  gealaiche! 
Tha  cuid  de  chiuneachaibh  ann,  nach 
'eil  a'  tomhas  na  h-aimsir  le  bliadhnaibh 
idir,  ach  a  mhiiin  le  gealaichibh  ; — agus 
mar  so,  ged  robh  daoine  'nam  measg 
ceud  bliadhna  dh'aois,  innsidh  iad  an 
aois,  cha'n  ann  le  bliadhnaibh,  ach  le 
airearah  nan  "  gealaichean,"  a  bh'  ann 
o'n  la  air  an  d'rugadh  iad  !  Thugadh 
àithne  do  na  h-Israelich  iobairtean- 
loisgte,  agus  tabhartais-bidh  a  thoirt 
suas  ann  an  toiseach  am  mlosan,  agus 
tha  sinn  a'  faicinn  gu'm  bheil  '^  gealai- 
aichean  lira," — ''Feilkansmdhichte..''  agus 
"  Sabaidean"  air  an  ainmeachadh  mar 
amannaibh  a  bha  naomh  do'n  Tighe- 
arna  ! — (Aireamh.  xxviii.  11.  Is  i.  13, 
14.)  Bhuanaich  na  h-Iiidhaich  ann  a 
bhi  seideadh  an  trompaidean  aig  am  an 
gealaichean  iira,  gus  an  do  sgapadh  iad 
air  feadh  an  t-saoghail ;  agus  a  reir  a' 
chleachdaidh  so,  thug  an  Salmadair 
seachad  an  aithne, 


Seidibh  an  stoc  'sa'  ghealaich  nuaidh 
Air  laithibh  òrduicht'  feill ; 
Bu  lagh  sud  aig  Dia  lacoib  fus, 
'S  bu  reachd  do  Israel. 

Sgiathanach. 


CALLOr  A'  GHLINNE. 

VI.  Earrann. 

Air  an  f  heasgar  ud  's  an  do  dhealaich 
Galium  agus  a  chompanach  ri  cheile  an 
deigh  na  chunnaic  agus  na  chual  iad 
re  an  cuairt  ann  an  taigh-osda  "  Acair 
an  dochais,"  bhuail  amharusan  ioma- 
guineach  air  'intinn,  a  thaobh  fior-chliu 
Mhicheil,  agus  mu'n  do  choidil  e  air  an 
oidhche  ud,  thainig  e  gu  co-dhuuadh 
gur  h-e  ma'dh'fhaoidte  a  bu  tear- 
uinte  dha  a  bheachd  air  cliii  Mhicheil 
innseadh  dha  gu  saor  fosgailte  gun 
sioma-guad  no  tumhartaich,  agus  ciil 
a  laimhe  'chur  ris  mar  charaid  agus 
mar  chompanach.  Mhothaicli  e  gu'n 
cuireadh  sud  deuchainn  air  a  mhisnich. 
agus  air  a  dhuinealas  ;  ach  air  dha  a 
Bhiobul  a  ghlacadh  mar  bu  ghnath. 
leis,  gu  cuibhrionn  a  leughadh  mu'n 
deachaidh  e  d"a  leabaidh ;  'nuair  a  dh' 
fhosgail  se  e,  thuit  a  shuil  air  aon  de 
na  h-earrannan  a  bh'  air  an  comhar- 
rachadh  le  "mhathair  mu'n  do  chuir  i 
'na  chiste  e — ''■  Sgriosar  companaeh  an 
amadain."  Rinn  an  earrann  ud  greim 
air  'inntinn  nach  d'fhairich  e  riamh. 
roimhe,  agus  chuir  e  roirahe,  ach  mo 
thruaighe,  'na  neart  fein,  nach  biodh 
tuillidh  gnothuich  aige  ri  Micheil  aon 
chuid  mar  charaid  no  mar  chompanach; 
ach  'n  uair  a  choinnich  iad  air  an  ath 
mhaduinn,  threig  a  mhisneach  e.  Bha 
Micheil  cho  fàilteach  agus  cho  aoigheil 
's  a  b'  abhaist  dha  'bhi.  Bha  coguis 
Challuim  ga  eigneachadh  gus  an  run 
suidhichte  dh'ionnsuidh  an  d'thainig  e  a 
dheanamh  aithnichte,  ach  thainig  an 
Reuson  feolmhor  ann  san  eadraiginn, 
ag  cagarsaich  'an  cluais  Challuim, — 
ged  a  bha  e  fior  gu'm  faodadh  com- 
panaeh an  amadaindol  a  dhith,   gur 


310 


AN  GATDHEAL. 


Ccud  Mios  an  Earraich,  1S73. 


trie  a  bha  companach  subhailceacli 
deagh  -  bhcusach  "na  rulieadhoin  air 
amadain  a  philleadli  o'n  amaideachd 
gu  caithc-beatha  riauail  modhanail ; 
agus  a  tbuillidh  air  sin,  chuir  Micheil 
ioma  comuin  air,  le  ullambachd  gu  bhi 
ga  sbeoladh  agus  ga  oilcineachadh  a 
thaobh  ioma  ni  amis  nach  robh  e  foin 
f  hatbasd  coimblionta  mar  f  bear  ceairde. 
Aig  an  am  cbeudna,  tliainig  Micbeil 
gu  bbi  'tiiigsinn  gu'n  robh  Galium  eu- 
cosmbail  'na  ghne  agus  'na  cbliii  ri 
ioma  Gaidheal  og  a  b'  aithne  dha,  a 
thainig  do  Ghlascbu,  agus  a  thaisbein 
anns  a'  cbend  del  a  macb,  gu'n  robh  iad 
air  an  deagb  oileineachadh  agus  fo 
dheagh  cbliu  modlianail  aig  a'  bhaile, 
acb  air  dhoibh  iad  fein  f  haotainn  air 
falbh  o  shuil  an  luchd-eòlais,  agus  am 
measg  choigreach,  a  thilg  dhiu,  ann  an 
uine  gle  ghoirid,  g'acb  cuing  leis  an 
robh  iad  air  an  cumail  air  an  ais  o 
dhroch  cuideachd  agus  o  gach  mi-bheus 
f oUaiseach,  agus  a  leig  srian  fhuasgailte 
le'n  anamiaunaibh.  Cbunnaic  e  gu 
soilleir  nach  robh  Galium  idir  cho 
saorsachail  no  cho  fosgailte  'na  chonal- 
tradh  'sa  b'abhaist  leis  ;  gu'n  robh  rud- 
eigin  air  inntinn  d'a  thaobh  fein  nach 
bu  toigh  leis  a  nochdadh,  nime  sin, 
chuir  e  roimhe  a  slieoltachd  a  chur  an 
cleachdadh  gu  bhi,  na'ra  bu  chomasach 
e,  ag  cosnadh  air  ais  na  chaill  e  a  reir 
coslais,  d'a  nihuinnghin  agus  d'a  dheagh 
ghean,  mar  a  dh'  f  haodar  a  thuigsinn 
0  'n  chomhradh  a  leanas : — 

"A  Challum,"  arsa  Micheil,  "Am 
bheil  creideamh  agad  ann  an  Gnuis- 
fhiosachd,  no  am  bheil  a  bheag  deeolos 
agad  oirre?"' 

Galldm. — Cha'n  eil  mi  idir  'na  m' 
neochreideach  d'a  taobh  mar  ealdhain, 
no  mar  fhiosrachadh,  ach  cha'n  fhaod 
mi  'radh  gu'n  d' thainig  mi'  fhathasd 
gu'  bheag  de  adhartachd  ann  an  eolas 
oirre.  C'arson  a  tha  thu  'cur  na 
ceiste  ? 

Micheil.  —  Gu  bhi  'taisbeanadh 
dhuit  gu'm  bheil  mi  'faicinn  gu  soilleir 
na  do  ghnuia,  gu'm  bheil  thu  ag  altrum 


droch   bharail    d'am   thaobh   fein,  o'a 
fheasgar  air  an   do  thaghail  sinn  ann 

an  taigh-osda  Mhic gcd  nach  do 

nochd    thu   fhathasd  e  na  do  chainnt 
no  Ic  do  ghiulan. 

Callum. — A  dh'  aindeoin  do  gheire, 
agus  d'  adhartachd  mar  ghnuis-thios- 
aiche,  faodaidh  tu  'bhi  air  do  mlieall- 
adh.  Air  a'  chuid  is  lugha,  cha'n  eil 
mi  'saoilsinn  gu'm  bheil  e  dligheach 
dhut  neach  air  bith  a  chasaid  no 
choireachadh  airson  a'  srauainteaa 
diomhair,  gus  an  dean  e  aithnichte 
iad  ann  an  cainnt,  no  ann  an  gniomh. 

Micheil. — A  dheagh  chompanaich  ! 
Na  smuainich  gur  h-aun  ga  do  chasaid 
a  bha  mi.  B'lhada  uam  e.  Is  ann  a 
bha  mi  thuige  so^  ga  m'  thaisbeanadh 
fein  dhuitse  ann  an  cruth  fallsa,  nach 
buinidir  do  m'  fhior-chliu,  agus  feumadli 
tu  mo  lethsgeul  a  ghabhail.  Is  i  a' 
chrioch  a  bha  agam  's  an  amharc,  deu- 
chainn  a  chur  air  do  ghne  agus  air  d' 
fhior  chliu-sa.  Thug  mi  do'n  taigh-osda 
thu,  for  am  b'fhio&rach  mi  gu'm  bheil 
moran  dhe  d'  luclid  duthcha  'n  an  luchd 
tathaichbunailteach,  agus  air  an  cleach- 
dadh anns  an  ruidhteireachd  ghraisgeil, 
umpaidheach,  mhi-thoinisgeach  achuala 
sa  cbunnaic  thu.  Bha  'mhiann  orm 
f  haicinn  an  robh  no  nach  robh  aomadh 
co-ghncitheil  agad  ri  'leithid  sud  de 
chaitheamh  ainisir,  agus  'n  uair  a 
cbunnaic  mi'  gu'n  robh  an  cuideachd 
'na  grain  dhuit,  thug  e  mor  thoileach- 
adh  dhomh.  Cha'n  eil  teagamh 
agam  nach  eil  thu.  'nad  fhior  chrios- 
duidh,  mar  a  tha  mi  fein.  Gha'n  eil 
mi  'an  amharus,  o  na  fhuair  mi  dh' 
eolas  ort,  gu'm  bheil  a  bheag  de  cho- 
fhulangas  agad  ris  na  baoth-chreid- 
ich,  luchd  nan  ''  aodann  fada." 

Galldji. —  Ciod  a  tha  thu  'ciallach- 
adh  le  luchd  nan  ''  aodann-fada'i"' 

jMiciieil. — Na  gabh  gn  h-olc  e— 
cha'n  eil  mi  ag  ciallachadh  ni  oilbheumach 
air  bith.  Tha  fios  agad  gu'm  bheil  cuid 
de  Inchd-aideachaidh  anns  gach  àite, 
ach  gu  h-araidh  'am  measg  nan  Gaidh- 
eal, a  tha  cho  cumhan  agus  cho  canra- 


'C'eudidios  an  Eàrraich,  1870. 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


311 


nach,  is  nach  giulain  iad  le  neach  air 
bith  nach  eil  ann's  na  h-uile  ni  a  dh'  aon 
bheachd  riutha  fein  ;  agus  nach  tog  suil 
no  sron  o'n  talamh  re  na  seachduiu,  no 
idir  air  an  t-sàbaid.  Ged  a  tha  iad  ag 
gabhail  orra  fein  a  bhi  'n  an  creidmliich 
mhora  !  cha'n  aidich  iad  gu'm  bheil  dad 
is  fearr  air  an  siubhal  na  ascreideamh 
agus  daorsa,  dorchadas,  cruas  agus 
mugaireachd.  Cha'n  eil  iad  a  reir  cos- 
lais,  beo  fo  ghras  ach  fo'n  lagh,  ag 
giulan  air  an  coguisean  fein  an  t-uallach 
a  bu  choir  dhoibh  a  leagadh  air-san  a 
chaidh  a  lot  airson  am  peacaidhean,  agus 
air  an  do  leagadh  smachdachadh  an 
sith.  Ach  ged  nach  toigh  leam  an  cliu 
mar  luchd  aideachaidh,  cha'n  eil  mi  idir 
ag  creidsinn  gu'm  bheil  an  giulan 
Phairiseachail  ag  eiridh  aon  chuid  o 
cheilg  no  o  liibaireachd  ach  o  n'  chreud 
chumhau  chruaidh  shean  -  fhasanta 
anns  am  bheil  iad  air  an  oileineachadh. 
Callom. — Am  faod  mi  fheoraich, 
ma  seadh,  Ciod  is  cliu  do'n  chreud  anns 
an  robh  thu  fein  air  d'oileineachadh 
mar  f hear  aideachaidh  ? 

MiCHEiL. — Is  i  mo  chreudsa  mo 
choguis — "  Cha'n  eil  mi  fo'n  lagh  ach 
fo  ghras."  Comh-sheasmhach  ri  saorsa 
an  t-soisgeil — cha'n  eil  mi  'meas  gu'm 
bheil  cionta  ann  an  smuain,  ann  an 
cainnt  no  anu  an  gniomh  air  bith,  nach 
eil  air  an  diteadh  le  mo  choguis  fein, 
oilbheumach  do  m'  chomhchreutairean 
no  mi-dhileas  do  ughdarras  aimsireil  na 
rioghachd.  Cha'n  eil  mi  'creidsinu 
gu'm  bheil  miann  no  iarrtas  no  togradh 
a  bhuineas  do  m'  nadur,  nach  eil  e 
dligheach  dhomh  a  riarachadh  ann  am 
measarrachd.  Cha  'n  oil  creideamh  agam 
ann  an  diomhaireachd  air  bith  a  tha  os 
cionn  m'  eolais,  mo  thuigse  agus  mo 
bhreithneachaidh.Sin  agad  suim  agussus- 
bain  mo  chreudsa.  Ciodi  dobharailoirre? 
Callum. — Is  i  mo  bharailse,  ma  ta, 
nach  eil  a'  choguis  'na  bunait  thearuinte 
do  chreud  neach  air  bith,  do  bhrigh 
gu'm  bheil  i  a  thaobh  naduir  'na  dorch- 
adas, agus  ann  am  feum  a  bhi  air  a 
soillseacbadh    leis    an    fhirinn.     Gu'm 


bheil  saorsa  an  t-soisgeil — eadhoin,  an 
t-saorsa  leis  an  do  rinn  Criosd  a  phobull 
fein  saor,  amhain  ga'n  saoradh  o  mhall- 
achd  an  lagha,  agus  ga'm  fuasgladh 
uaithe  mar  choimhcheangal  beatha ; 
agus  mar  tha  an  lagh  ag  cur  an  anam 
gu  Ci'iosd  airson  fireantachd  agus  neart, 
gu'm  bheil  Criosd  ag  cur  an  anam  air 
ais  a  dh'  ionnsuidh  an  lagha  gu  bhi  ga 
ghabhail  mar  riaghailt  beatha  agus 
umhlachd.  Ni  mo  is  i  mo  bharail  gu'm 
bheil  saorsa  an  t-soisgeil  a'  fuasgladh 
an  anama  o  bhi  a  ceusadh  na  f  eola  maille 
ri  'h-antograidhean  agus  a  h-anamiann- 
aibh.  Is  i  mo  bharail  mar  an  ceudna, 
a  thaobh  cliu  agus  gne  an  fhior  chreid- 
imh,  gur  h-e  "  brigh  nan  nithe  ris  am 
bheil  dochas  e,  agus  dearbhcliinnt  nan 
nithe  nach  faicear." 

MiCHEiL. — A!  a  charaid,  tha  mi 
'faicinn  gn'n  thog  thusa  do  chreud, 
cha'n  anu  o  sholus  do  choguis  fein,  ach 
o  theagasgan  sean-f  hasanta.  Air  dhuit 
a  bhi  cho  deigheil  air  leughadh,  gheibh 
thu  mach  ri  h-uine,  ged  a  bha  beachdau 
nan  seann  Diadhairean  freagarrach  do'n 
linn  's  an  robh  iad  beo,  gu'm  bheil  iad 
air  tuiteam  fada  air  dheireadh  air  solus 
adhartach,  agus  air  ard-fhiosrachadh 
na  linn  so. 

Bha  Micheil  agus  Galium  mar  so  air 
an  cleachdadh  an  drasd  'sa  rithist  ann 
an  deasbudan  dc'n  t-seors  ud  :  Micheil, 
gu  seolta  agus  gu  faicilleach  a'  deanamh 
na  b'  urrain  e,  gu  bhi  ga  aomadh  gu 
beachdan  seachranach,  agus  gu  giulan 
fuasgailte ;  agus  cha  b'  fhada  gus  an  d' 
f  hairich  Galium  bochd  air  a  chosd  fein 
"  nach  eil  e  ann  an  comas  neach  a 
dh'imicheas,  a  cheumanna  a  stiùradh.' 
Bhuadhaich  e  air  gun  dail  gu  bhi  'del 
leis  air  uairibh  do  na  taighean  cluiche 
agus  do  na  seomraichean  dannsa.  'Na 
shimplidhcach  neochoireach,  cha  robh 
aithne  no  amharus  aig  Galium  a  thaobh 
fiorchliu  nam  maighdeanan  riomhacb, 
iollagach  a  bha  'tathaich  nan  Seom- 
raichean dannsa.  Koghnuich  Micheil 
dithis  dhiu  air  an  robh  e  eolach,  mar 
bhan-chompanachaibh  dha  fein  agus  do 


312 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


Ceud  Jlios  an  Earraicb',  187S 


Challum.  Ach  gu  bhi  'cur  ar  sgeoil  an 
giorrad — cha  do  dh"fbairioh  Callum  ni 
air  bitli  fhathasd  'nan  conaltradh  no 
'nan  giulan,  a  dliuisgeadh  "amharus  mu 
'm  fior  cliliu,  mar  sin,  dli'aontaich  e. 
air  oidhche  araidli,  ri  cuireadh  a  tbug 
iad  dba  fein  agus  d'a  cbompanacb  gu 
suipeir  aig  an  dacbaidh  fein.  Air  dboibb 
tionndadb  a  staigb  troi  tbrannsa  dorcba 
de  nacb  do  gbabb  CaHum  bocbd  mor 
cbiatadb,  ann  am  priobadb  na  sula, 
tbionndaidb  aon  de  lucbd  freiceadain 
na  sraide  a  lanntair  ri  an  aodainn, 
Tbug  Micbeil  agus  a  bban-cbairdean 
iad  fein  as,  cbo  grad  'sa  bbeireadb  an 
casan   iad,  agus    db'  fbag  iad  Callum 


agus  am  Policeman  le  cbeile.  Bba  e 
nis  acb  beag  ^lir  a  bbodbradh  agus  air 
a  dballadb;    cha   b'    fbios   da  ciod  a 

'  tbeireadh  no  'dbeanadb  e.    Gbrad  tliuig 

!  'f  bear-tiorcaidb  mar  a  bba  cbuis.  Rinn 
CaUum  'fbaosaid  ris  gu  saor  agus  gu 
b-onorach,       "Mo   gliille   matb,"   ars' 

I  esan,  "  bi  taingeil  do"n  Fbreasdal  cha- 
oimbneil  a  cbuir  mise   'an    so   air  an 

!  dearbh  am  so;  fbuair  mi  tbu  acb  beagan 
sblatan  o  stairsneacb  aon  de  na  taigbean 
sin  mu  'm  bbeil  e  air  a  radb  '  Is  e  a 
taigb  an  t-sligbe  gu  ifrinn,  a  dol  sios  gu 
seomraicbean  a  bbais.'  ' 


MuiLEACn. 


{lii  lecmtuinn.) 


CUMHA  DO   BHAINTIGHEAENA  DPIUBIIAIRT. 

(Condiuh'd  from  page  29S.) 


Nam  be  inleacbdan  ar  nambaid 

Bbrisadb  barr  ar  coisridb 
'S  ioma  cLiidbeamb  cruadbach  glas 

A  leumadb  grad  gu  feolacb 
'S  ioma  gaisgeacb  armach,  treunda 

Bbeireadb  beum  sa  cbo-stri 
Edar  Beitba  caol  Cbinntire 

As  Ripport  Eilain  Cbeotbacb. 

Db'eiradb  Letbauich  's  Donulicb 

Mar  sbrutb  nam  mor  bbeann  ard 
Db'eireadb  Stiuartich  as  Cattaich 

A  bbuadbaicb  neart  nam  blar 
Tbigadb  Guinich  nimbeil  cblaoiteacli 

A  bbeira  tuinnse  gu  b'ar 
Cba  bbiodb  an  aicbeambail  gun  iarraidb 

'S  fireoin  chiar  an  aird. 


Acb  ciod  am  fatb  raun  luidh  dutblacbd 

Air  lutbar  ur  nan  crann 
Gbbac  am  biis  an  Rigliin  ailde 

'S  tbaisg  an  aros  tcann 
Cbaidb  fo  'n  fhoid  ceann  gacb  seoil 

Beus  gun  ?god  beul  gun  sgleo 
Cridb  gun  gbo  gnuis  gun  cbeo 

Lamb  sgapa  oir  gun  taing. 


Had  tbe  arts  of  our  enemy- 
Broken  tbe  flower  of  our  social  train, 

A   tbousand   swords   of  well-tempered 
Would  quickly  start  to  blood,     [steel 

A  tbousand  well-armed  warriors 

Would  strike  a  blow  in  tbe  conflict, 

From  tbe  narrow  proraontory  of  Can- 
To  Ripport  of  the  misty  Isle,     [tyre 

M'Leans  and  M'Donalds  would  rise. 

Like  tbe  stream  of  tbe  towering  bills ; 
Stewarts  and  Catti  would  rise, 

Who  gained  tbe  strength  of  battles. 
Campbells    deathful    desolating  would 

Rushing  fierce  to  slaughter  ;  [come 
Revenge  would  not  be  unsought, 

For  tbe  dark  brown  eagles  would 
rise  on  high. 

But  why  should  the  tempest  of  winter 

Settle  on  tbe  green-branched  yew  ? 
Death  seized  the  Princess  of  beauty, 

And  closed  her  in  the  narroAv  hall. 
Under  tbe  turf   lay  the  first  in  every 
grace ;  [scandal, 

Virtue  without  pride,  lips  without 
A  heart  without  guile,  a  face  unclouded, 

A  band  to  scatter,  without  seeking 
praise. 


Ceud  Mios  an  Earraich,  1873. 


AN  G AID  HEAL. 


313 


Thog  iad  tuaileas  le  mar  fhuarachd 

Bha  suarach  air  ar  call 
Gun  chuir  sian  Eala  chiaa  nam  math- 
ghniomh 

Air  sgeir  na  mar  thonn  thall 
Grura  beil  i  beo  le  luth's  s  treoir 

A  dusgadh  orain  lann 
Ach  's  mise  cliuala  fuaim  a  deile 

Nuair  iuidh  fo  fheur  a  ceann. 


Clia  'n  ioghna  nis  sjiit  larla  Aorach 

Bhi  caoin  air  ioma  doigh 
'S  liutliad  leaga  fhuair  a  chraobh 

Am  bu  lionmhor  geugan  aigh 
Chain  e  meangan  diuth  a  b'  ailli 

Nach  d'fhas  fo  bhlath  gur  deoin 
Thuit  i  sios  am  platha  sula 

'S  shearg  a  sugh  fo  'n  fhoid. 

Clilàrsacb  gabh  anis  do  thamh 

Tuille  's  grain  leam  fonn  do  cheol 
Clia  tig  i  chluinntinn  failt  no  furan 

Cha  riiig  d'  iorram  i  's  an  Ion 
Cha  diiisg  i  chluinntinn  tornian  theudan 

No  cupan  deine  am  dhorn 
Falbhai  mise  mar  tig  ise 

'S  bidh  sinn  cridhail  anns  na  ueoil. 


They  who  valued  not  our  loss 

In  malice  raised  the  tale 
That    we    placed  the    swan    of   noble 
deeds  ,.-.,, 

On  yonder  shelf  of  mighty  waves,   "  : 
That  yet  she  lives  in  bloom  of  health, 

Awakening  the  song  of  swords ; 
But  I  heard  the  sound  of  her  coffin 

AYhen  her  head  was  laid  under  the 
grass. 

The  Earl  of  Aora  may  lament, 

Many  are  his  causes  of  grief ; 
Many  a  blast  assailed  the  tree 

Of  thick  blooming  branches. 
She  lost  the  fairest  bough 

That  blossomed  not  to  our  wishes  ; 
In  the  twinkling  of  an  eye  it  fell, 

And  withered  beneath  the  turf. 

Harp  !  take  now  thy  rest, 

The  sound  of  the  voice  shall  please 
no  more ; 
She  will  not  hear  the  salute  nor  hospi- 
table song ; 
Thy  mournful  strains  cannot  reach 
her  in  the  mead. 
She   will  not  hear  the  melody  of  thy 
strings, 
Nor  will  she  hand  the  cup  to  inspii-e 
my  notes ; 
She  will  not  come,  but  I  will  depart, 
Together  we    shall    rejoice    in    our 
clouds. 


Note. — "  The  annals  of  Loch  Cè,"  printed,  with  a  translation  by  ITennessy 
ill  1871,  treat  of  Irish  and  other  affairs  during  576  years,  from  101-i  to  1590. 
Under  date  1513,  James  IV.  is  mentioned  as  "  ri  Alban,"  and  his  people  as 
"  Alban-chaib,"  his  cliancellor  who  fell  at  Floddeu,  Archibald,  Earl  of  Argyll, 
is  called  "  Mac  Ailin." 

1528,  "  Ridire  Mac  Mic  Ailin  "  treacherously  slew  '•  Mac  gilla  Eain  mor 
Mac  Echainn"  in  the  town  of  Edinburgh. 

This  entry  relates  to  .John  Campbell,  first  of  the  Campbell  family  of 
Calder,  son  of  the  Earl  of  Argyll,  who  is  styled  "8th  Mac  Callen  Mor"  in 
Scotch  writings,  and  "Mac  Ailin  "  in  the  annals  of  Loch  Cè. 

1529,  "  Mac  Ailin  i.e.  Cailin,  son  of  gille  espuig,  the  choice  of  all  in  Oirer 
Gaeidhel  for  prowess  and  bounty  died.'' 

This  entry  refers  to  the  man  mentioned  in  the  song  printed  above,  p.  2 GO. 
The  events  recorded  in  these  two  songs  are  therefore  dated  by  Irish  authoi-ities. 


314 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


Cend  Jlioa  an  Earraich,  18TS. 


XITIIE  XUADir  AGUS  SEAX. 

Tha  coig  uithc  <inn  air  am  feud  na  h- 
uUe  amharc  mar  cbiiirdean  agus  mar  cbom- 
panaich  dileas  trkl  turais  na  bcatha  so.  Is 
e  a  cheud  ni,  eolas  a  bhi  againn  gu  blii  a' 
cra-'an  aghaidli  an  uilc ;  an  dara  ni  cleachd- 
anna  subhailccach  a  ghnatliachadh ;  an 
treas  ni,  saorsa  a  bhi  againn  o  tbeagamh  ; 
an  ccathramh  ni  fiiighautachd  'n  ar  caithe- 
beatha ;  agus  an  coigeamli  ni,  deagh- 
ghiùlan. 

GisADH  AGUS  SoxAS— Cha  'u 'cil  ni  sam 
bith  ni's  fhusa  's  an  t  saoghal  na  "bhi  sona, 
n'an  smuainichcadh  sluagh  air.  Cha  'n  'eil 
ann  an  Sonas  ach  ainm  eile  air  Gkadh.  Far 
am  bheil  Gradh  ann  an  teaghlach,  an  sin, 
mar  an  ceudna,  tha  sonas,  eadhon  ged  robh 
aire  agus  eigiu  'n  a  lorg.  Air  an  laimh  eile, 
far  nach  eil  Gkadh,  ged  robh  e  ann  an 
liichairt,  cha  tig  Soxas  a  chaoidh.  Is 
mearachdach  an  ti  a  thubhairt,  "An  uair 
a  thig  Bochdninu  a  stigh  air  an  dorus, 
theid  Gradh  a  mach  air  an  uinneig."  Cha 
teid  idir,  oir  tha'n  fhirinn  air  an  dòigh 
eile.  An  uair  a  thig  Bochduinn  a  stigh 
air  an  dorus,  cha  teich  f  lor  Ghradh  idir,  's  e 
nach  teich,  ach  seasaidh  e  gu  treun,  daing- 
ean,  agus  cuiridh  o  an  cath  gu  cruaidh  an 
aghaidh  gach  namhaid.  ladsan  a  ta  'gan 
smiiaineachadh  feiu  truagh,  raunsaicheadh 
iad  am  bheil  Gr.ADii  nan  cridheachaibh 
feiu,  mu'm  faigh  iad  cron  do  neach  no  do 
m  eile.  Fosgailidh  beagan  bliriathra  gradh- 
ach,  taitneach,  tla,  an  t-slighe  chum  tuilte 
soluis  a  bhoillsgeadh  a  steach  do  'n  tigh  a 
rinneadh  dubh,  dorcha  le  tiugh-neulaibh 
na  h-aisith  agus  a'  bhuaireis ! 


TOIMSEACHAIN. 

1.  Kud  dubh,  dubh, 

Tha  e  chum  feum  an  iomadh  cruth 

Cha  dean  e  feum  marlabhair  c, 

'San  deigh  labhairt  dha  cha'n  fhiach  e, 

2.  Tomhais,  torahais,  toimscachan, 
Eadar  mi  fèin  's  Dòmhnullan, 
Toilidh  na  ceudan  ann, 

'S  cha  toill  mi  fein  'n  am  aonar  ann. 

.3.  Cailleach  anns  an  taigh  ud  thall, 
'S  bi  'n  rag  chailleach  i ; 
Cha  d'ith  i  greim  riamh. 
'S  cha  d'  rinn  i  altachadh. 

4.  Air  do  dhii  chailleach  a  bhi  'dol  do  'n 
mhargadh  le  uibhean,  thuirt  an  dara  tc 
ris  an  te  ei" 


aon  ubh,  is  bithidh  a  dha  uiread  agam 
's  a  th'agads-a."  "  Cha  toir,"  ars  an  te 
eile,  "ach  thoir  thtisa  dhomh-sa  dithis  is 
bithidh  uiread  is  uiread  againn."  Co 
mend  a  bh'  aca  an  t-aou  ? 

5.  Chuir  tuathauach  a  ghile  do'n  mhargadh. 
a's  thug  e  dha  ceud  punnd  Sasunnach, 
leis  an  robh  e  ri  ceiid  ceann  a  chean- 
nach; — daimh  aig  coig  puiund  Shasimn- 
ach  an  ceann ;  caoirich  aig  a  h-aon ; 
agus  geòidh  aig  sgilliun  Shasunnach  an 
t-aon.     Co  meud  a  bhiodh  aige  de  gach 


neaii,  luiiuu  iiii  uiiiit  tu 

Thoir  thusa  flhomhsa  I 


UILLEAM    MAC    DHUNLEIBHE, 
AM  BARD  ILEACH. 

Tha  e  iomadh  uair  air  a  radh  gu'n 
dcach  ùm  agus  liun  na  bardachd 
seachad  a  chaoidh.  'Si  a'  bharail  a 
tha  coitchionn  ri  tacliairt  oirre,  nach 
eil  a  nis,  iad  idir  ann,  is  urrain  clarsach 
nam  Filidh  a  threig  a  dhusgadh  gu  ceol 
— gu'm  feud  ranntachd  a  bhi  ann  ach 
nach  cil  fior  bhardachd  ri  amas  oirre 
am  measg  luchd-seinn  ar  latha-ne. 
Cha  n-eil  a'bbarail  so  gu  buileach  ceart, 
oir  ged  nach  eil  an  t-am  so  cho  torrach 
ann  an  luchd  dealbh  nan  oran  is  a  bha 
linn  Phrionnsii  Tearlach,  gidheadh 
tlia  an  dràsd  agus  a'  rithisd  aon  ag 
eiridh  an  so  agus  an  sud  a  dhcarbhadh 
gu'm  bheil  fuigheal  de  Spiorad  nam 
Bard  fathasd  beo  'nar  measg,  nach  do 
threig  ceolrach  bhinn  tir  nan  treun  'us 
naGaidhlig  gu  tur  luchd  duthcba 
Oisein  is  Dhonnchaidh  Bhain.  A'measg 
na  muinntir  a  tha  dearbhadh  so  dhuinn 
is  airidh  Uilleam  MacDhunlcibhe  air 
aite  urramach  ihaotuinn.  Oir  tha  an 
obair  aige  a'  dearbhadh  dhuinn  gun  do 
thuit  tonnaig  aon  de  na  Filidhean  a  dh' 
fhalbh  airsan,  is  gu'n  robh  fior  Spiorad 
na  Bardachd  aige.  Tha  'obair  airidh 
air  aite  onorach  fhaotuin  "am  measg 
Bardachd  na  Gaidhealtachd  agus 
mairidh  i  air  chuimhne  cho  fada  sa 
bliithcas  meas  air  Gaidhlig  fhallan  agus 
shnasmhor,  agus  air  smuaintean  àrda 
agus  oirdhearc. 

Rug'adh     Uilleam    MacDhunleibhe 


C'eud  Mios  an  Earraich,  1S73. 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


315 


ann  an  Gairtmeadhoin,  ann  an 
sgiorachd  Cliill-a-rudha  'an  He,  mu 
mheadhon  Foghar  na  bliadhna  1808. 
Tha  e  air  ainmeachadh  ann  an  leabbair 
na  sgiorachd  gu'n  deach  a  bhaisteadh 
air  I5mh  de  mhios  meadhonacb  an 
Fhoghair;  is  o'n  a  bha  e'  na  cbleachdadh 
cumanta  anns  a'  Ghaidhealtachd  aig  an 
am  sin  gach*  leanabh  bhaisteadh  mu'n 
rachadh  an  t-ochdamh  latha  seachad, 
is  docha  gu'n  d'  riigadh  easan  mu'n 
t-seachdarah  latha  de'n  mhios.  B'e 
Seumas  MacDhunleibbe  a  b'  ainm  d'a 
Athair,  agus  Cairistine  nic  Faidein  a 
bu  mhathair  dha.  Bha  'athair  'na 
shaor  is  ag  oboir  aig"  an  uasal  urramach 
sin,  Ualter  Caimbeul,  Tighearna  He. 
Ge'd  a  bha  teaghlach  mor  aige  thug  e 
sg'oil  is  oilean  math  do  gach  aon  diu. 
B'e  Uilleam,  a  reir  innse  fein  a  bu 
lugha  fhuair  de  sgoil  dhiu — a  chionn 
is  gu'n  robh  e'  na  bhallachan  guanach 
aotrom  nach  fanadh  anns  an  sgoil,  is 
nach  d'  thugadh  aire  dhi  'nuair  a 
bhitheadh  e  innte.  Air  an  aobliar 
sin  chaidh  a  chuir  6g  ri  ceard.  B'i  a 
'cheard  a  roghnachadh  air  a  shon,  an 
taillearachd.  Bha  e  anns  an  am  sin  'na 
chleachdadh  aig  na  taillearan  a  bhi 
'dol  o  thaigh  gu  taigh,  a  dh'obair  anns 
gach  àite  anns  am  biodh  aodach  ri 
dheanamh.  Is  iomadh  naidheachd  a 
bu  ghnath  leis  a'  Bhard  innseadh  mu 
na  cleasan  a's  fhealadha  a  bu  ghnath 
a  bhi  air  an  cleachdadh  's  na  cuideachd- 
an  aotrom  ud  a  b'  abhaist  coinneachadh 
far  am  biodh  an  taillear  'sa  chuid 
ghillean  ag  obair.  Bhitheadh  beurais 
a's  bearradaireachd,  ranntachd  a's  bar- 
dachd,  ursgeulan  a's  toimhseachain 
a  dol  ann  am  pailteas  a's  cha  bhiodh 
facal  Uilleim  air  deireadh,  a's  cha  b'i  a 
theanga  a  bu  mhaoile.  Gei  nach  b'e 
so  an  sgoil  a  b'  fhearr  gu  baiachan  og 
a  theagasg  aon  chuid  ann  am  beusa- 
leachd  no  ann  an  gliocas,  tharruing  am 
Bard  og  cuid  de  theagasg  uaith.  Bha 
'inntinn  air  a  geurachadh  trid  nan 
deasbaireaehdan  a  bhitheadh  aca,  agus 
dhuisg  na   sgeulachdan   a  bha  air   an 


innseadh  iartus  'na  anam  gu  tuillidh 
fiosrachaidh  fhaotuin  mu  na  linntean  a 
dh'fhalbh,  is  mu  na  daoine  treun'  a 
sheas  agus  a  chathaich  as  leth  an  duthcha. 
Gu  moch  thoisich  e  air  rannan  a  chur 
ri  cheile — se  a  chiad  oidheii-p  a  thug  e 
ann  an  rathad  bardachd  oran  a  rinu 
e  do  chù  a  bha  aige,  a's  ged  nach  robh  e 
ach  og  aig  an  dm,  tha  e  a'  foillseachadh 
gun  rohh  spiorad  na  fileachd  aige. 
Tha  na  rannan  so  a'  tolseachodh  air 
an  doigh  so  : — 

"Brannan  beag  mo  chuilean  boidheach 
Tha  thu  laghach  baigheil  suairc, 
Cha  bhi  thu  tabhann  ri  daoine, 
No'curnancaorachanns  an  ruaig,"  &c. 

Ged  nach  eil  na  rannan  so  idir  a' 
foillseachadh  air  dhoigh  air  bith. 
cumhachd  nam  buadhan  ud  a  bha  nan 
cadal  ann  an  anam  a'  Bhaird,  tha  iad 
nan  dearbhadh  air  firinn  an  t-sean 
radh,  "  Poeta  nascitur  non  fit,"  se  sin, 
nach  dean  oilean,  ach  gibhtean  naduir 
a  mhain,  Bard  do  neach.  Goirid  an 
deigh  so  chuir  e  ri  cheile  aoir  air  muc 
a  chaidh  air  chall  is  mu  dheighinn  an 
d'  rinn  an  neach  d'am  buineadh  i  othail 
mhor  a'  smaointeach  gu'n  deach  a 
goid.  Cha  n-eil  an  aoir  so  a  nis  ri  a 
faotuinn  agus  is  mor  am  beud  oir 
bha  i  a'  foillseachadh  tapadh-inntinn 
nach  bu  bheag".  Is  iomadh  uair  a 
dh'iarradh  air  a  sgriobhadh  ach  cha  robh 
toil  aige,  bha  e  ag  radb,  ainm  daoine 
coire  air  an  robh  e  an  am  fealadha  a 
deanamh  fochaid,  a  bhi  air  an  cur  'san 
doigh  sin  an  lathair  an  t-saoghail,  is  air 
an  aobhar  sin  dhiult  e  a  sgriobhadh. 
An  deigh  dha  a  bhi  reidh  'sa  cheard 
dh'  fhag  e  ealain  duthcha  a's  thainig  e 
gu  Galltachd,  ach  ma  dh'  fhag  cha  do 
dhi-chuimhnich  e  na  chual  e  mu  na 
sean  laoich  a  dh'  fhalbh,  is  chuir  e 
roimhe  tuilleadh  foghluim  fhaotain  dc 
thaobh  eachdraidh  a  dhuthcha.  Is 
ged  a  bha  aige  ri  obair  gach  latha, 
rimaich  e  gu'n  deanadh  e  suas  an 
dearmad   a   rinn    e   air   sgoil   ann  an 


316 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


Ceud  3fios  an  Earraioli,  187S. 


laithean  òige.  Thoisich  e  air  leughadh 
gach  sean  eachdraidh  air  am  b'  urrain 
dha  a  laimli  a  chiir.  Ach  elia  b'fliada 
g^us  am  faca  e  ma  blia  c  ri  sean 
Fhordun  is  a  clio-luchd  eachdraidh  a 
thuigsin  gu  ceart  gu'm  f  eumadh  e  eolas 
fhaighinn  air  a'  cbanain  anns  an  do 
sgriobh  iad.  Le  duinealas  fior  Ghaidh- 
eal  thug  e  'aghaidh  air  an  Laidinn,  is 
ged  theagamh,  nach  còrdadh  an 
rathad  anns  an  leughadh  e  i  ri  ard 
sgoilearan,  rinn  c  c-fein  cho  eolach  oirre 
is  gun  rachadh  aige  air  Laidionn  nan 
linntean  dorcha  eadar  theangachadh  ni 
b'  ihearr  na  iomadh  aon  a  bu  mhotha 
cothruman  agus  sgoil.  Theagaisg  so 
e-fein  mar  an  ceudna  anns  an  Eabh- 
radh  agus  anns  a  Ghreugais  cho  fada 
is  gu'n  rachadh  aige  air  a  rathad  a 
dheanamh  a  chum  brighnan  sgriobtaran 
anns  na  canainean  anns  an  deach  an 
sgriobhadh  air  thus.  Thug  e  aghaidh 
mar  an  ceudna  air  an  Fhraingis  agus 
air  an  Uailsh.  Tha  cuimhne  agam 
uair  a  thaghail  mi  air,  e  fein  agus 
a  bhean  "  a  chearcadh  fhraoich  ''  mar 
theireadh  e  fein  rithe,  fhaotuin  le 
cheile  ag  obair  air  eachdraidh  nan 
Druidhean  eadar  theangachadh  o 
Fhraingis  gu  Beurla.  Bha  e  mar  an 
ceudna  mien  eolach  air  eachdraidh  a 
dhuthcba ;  gu  sonruichte  air  obair 
nan  seann  luchd-eachdraidh  agus  be 
a,  mhiann  a  bhi  a  ghnath  a' 
labhairt  air  euchdan  buadh-mhor  "nan 
sean  Albanach  airidh."  Ach  thachair 
dha  mar  is  trie  a  dh'eireas  do  mhuinntir 
aigam  bheil  cruadalan  agusdeuchainean 
mar  an  ci'annchur,  agus  do  mhuinntir 
a  thionndaidheas  an  aire  gu  h-iomlan 
a  chum  aon  chuspair  sonruichte, 
gu'n  robh  e  neo  chomas;ich  dha 
amharc  air  da  thaobh  ccisde  le  suil 
neo-chlaon — air  an  aobhar  sin  bha  gaol- 
duthcha  annsan  air  a  mheasgadli  le 
fuath  ro-ghamhlasach  an  aghaidh  na 
muinntir  a  bha  anns  na  linntin  a  dh' 
fhalbh  na'n  mairabdean  di.  R.  1. 

(Gu  hhi  air  a  leantuian.) 


AM  FEILLIRE. 

Failte  's  furan  do'n  Fheillire  !  Tha 
mi  lan-ciiinnteach  nach  'eil  a  dhith  ach 
gu'm  biodh  lios  aig  ar  luchd-duihcha 
gu'm  bheil  e  air  tighinn  a  mach,  gu  e 
bhi  air  a  chraobhsgaoileadh  am  fad  's 
am  farsuingeachd  feadh  tir  nam  beann. 
Tha  mi  mar  an  ceudna  dearblita,  an 
uair  a  leughar  e,  gn'n  aidich  gach  aon 
gu'm  bheil  e  "toirt  dhuinn  goireas  a  bha 
gu  mor  air  iondrainn  's  a'  Ghaidheal- 
tachd.  Is  fada  o'n  a  bha  ioghnadh  orni 
nach  robh  riamh  leabhar  d'an  t-seorsa 
air  a  chur  'an  lamhaibh  ar  luchd-duth- 
chadh  'n  an  canain  bhlasda  fein,  gus  an 
d'  thug  an  Gaidheal  fiachail,  Calum 
CiOBAK  an  oidhirp  an  uiridh.  Tha  an 
duilleachan  ùr  so  gu  sonruichte  tait- 
neach  air  son  an  t-snuaidh  ghneitheil, 
dhuthchasaich  a  tha  air  an  eolas  a 
gheobhar  aige,  Cha  'n  e  idir  eadar- 
theangachadh  air  Miosachan  Beurla  a 
tha  againn  an  so.  Tha  cuisean  agus 
tachartais  Ghaidhcalach  a'  faighinn  an 
diith  fein  de  dh-aire.  Gheobh  sinn  am 
breith  agus  bais  nan  Gaidheal  a  bu 
fhiughantaiche  's  a  bu  mheasaile ; 
laithean  nam  blar  iomraiteach  anns  an 
do  bhuadhaich  sinn,  cho  math  riusan — 
tearc  's  mar  a  bha  iad — anns  an  d'  fhuair 
ar  naimhdean  seorsa  de  lamh-an-uach- 
dar — gidheach  ged  a  chaill  sinn  an 
latha,  anns  nach  do  lughdaicheadh  ar 
cliu  no  ar  meas.  Tha  Am  Feillire  a' 
toirt  duinn  mar  an  ceudna  niion  fhios- 
rachadh  ro  fheumail  rau  laithibh  feille 
agus  margaidh  na  Gaidhealtaclid  gu 
leir  ;  mu  eiridli  agus  laidhe  greine  agus 
gealaiche  ;  mu  fhad  an  latha,  agus  mu 
mhuthadh  an  t-soluis  ;  mu  na  fineach- 
aibh  fa-leth,  lo'n  Cinn-chiniiidh,  an 
Suaicheantais,  's  am  Piobaireachdaibh, 
cho  math  ri  inbh  agus  dreuchd  Luchd- 
muinntir  nan  Ceannard,  o'n  Ghille 
agus  am  Bard,  a  nuas  gu  Gille  a'  Phiob- 
aire  agus  an  C'leasaiche.  Chi  sinn  an 
so  cuideachd  ainmean  agus  laithean 
breith  agus  posaidh  an  Teaghlaich 
Rioghail,  ajrus  brigh   cuid  de  riaghail- 


Ceud  Mios  an  Earraich,  1875. 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


317 


tibh  a'  Phòst-thig-h.  Ach  carson  a  leud- 
aicliinn.  Deanadh  bhur  luchd-leughaidh 
Am  Feillire  fhaotainn  doibh  fein,  agus 
tlia  mi  cinnteach  gum  faigh  iad  e  fre- 
asdalach,  goireasach  os  cionn  na' 
bhreithniclieadh  iad. 

Mac-Mharcuis. 


FREAGAIETEAN 

,  Do  na  Toimhseachain  air  taobh  214. 
1.  An  t-uisge ;  2.  Am  muir  ruadh 
air  dha  bhi  air  a  sgoltadh  le  slait  Aroiu 
a's  nah-Israelich  faotuinn  an  nail  air  tal- 
amh  tiorara,  agus  na  h-Eiphitich  a  blii 
air  am  bathadh  'nan  deig'h ;  3-  An 
latha  'san  oidhche  'dealachadh  ;  4.  Da 
fhitheach. 


TAISBEANADH    AN   AIRM   AIR 
BIALAOBH  AN  RIGH. 

{Bho  '?i  dara  Duan  de  Sgialachd  na 
Troidhe,  Eadar-theangaichte  le  Eohhan 
Mac-Lachainn.) 

Aon  tiota  cha  d'  eisd  an  righ, 

'S    ghrad-thug    impidh     d'a     mliaoir- 

ghairm 
Am  feaclid  a  tlieanal  gun  dàil, 
'S  an  tarraing  gu  blàr  air  leirg, 
Dh'  eubh  na  maoir  a  b'  onf  hach  sgairt ; 
Thriall  a'  cbaismeachd  fad  an  fhuinn  ; 
'S   na   'n    tuil-mbaoim   adh    ionnsaidb 

gleois 
Thair  a'  mborfbaicb  dboirt  na  suinn. 
Gbluais  a  macb  's  an  righ  air  thus, 
Na  cinn-fheadhna  stiùradh  chàich  ; 
Chiteadh  Pallas  nan  gorm  shiil 
Romhpa  diisgadh  surd  a'  bhlàir. 
Air  a  slios  bha  'n  sgiath  bhith-bhuan, 
Thoirteil,  aiilidh,  luachmhor,  throm; 
Dhearrs  gaithean  loinntreach  bho  cleith, 
A  shoillsich  gu  leir  am  fonn. 
Bha  ciad  nathair  shniomhain  ruadh, 
Ga  lasadh  mu'n  cuairt  adh  or, 
Ciad  bann  de  'n  stuth  x'lomhach  nuadh, 
Fiach  gach  aon  diubh  buaile  bhù. 
Leis  a'  bhall  airm  seo  ri  'taobh, 
Shiubhail  i  'n  raon  sear  a's  siar, 


A'  mosgladh  speirid  's  gach  feòil 
'S  mean-acrais  gu  còmhrag  dian. 
Dh'  fhadaidh  i  gaisge  's  gach  creubh, 
'S  bu  mhilse  leo  streupaid  laoch, 
Na  tilleadh  le  'n  longan  luath, 
Null  thair  chuan  gu  tir  an  gaoil. 

Mar  fhaloisg  àird  nan  dearg  smiiid, 
'3  an  fhrith  mhoir  air  stiiic  nan  sliabh; 
Barcaidh  tuil-lasrach  mu'n  chruaich 
S  chitear  ruadh  am  toidhleas  cian  : 
B'  amhuil  corah-imeachd  ant  shluaigh 
'S  na  h-airm  bu  neo-thruaillidh  gnè ; 
Fad  shruithean  soillse  bho  'n  cruaidh 
A'  ruigheachd  a  suas  gu  neamh. 

Mar  ealtainn  gun  àireimh  cheann 
Lachainnean-fionn  a's  ghlas-chorr, 
'S  ealachan  fad-amhach  ban 
Timchioll  Asius  nan  gorm-lon. 
'S  eibhneach  iad  a  null  's  a  nail 
Thair  Caister  nan  deann  luath, 
'Tearnadh  le  garraicileis  bhaoth — 
'S  f reagraidh  am  fliuch-raon  do  'm  f  uaim ; 
Sin  mar  bhriichd  an  teanal  raòr 
Nuas  a.  coir  nam  biitli  's  nan  long ; 
Fir  a's  stendan  ri  toirm  chas, 
'S  an-  talamh  ag  osnaich  tròm. 
Air  dail  Scamandair  an  fheòir, 
Sheas  na  miltean  slòigh  cho  dliith 
Ri  buidhionn  lionmhor  nam  blàth 
A  dh'fhàsas  's  a'  Chcitein  chiiiin. 
Mar  mhiltean  'mheanbh-chuileag'  bath 
Feadh  thaigh-airidh  glinn  a'  bhuair 
An  aimsir  an  Earraich  thliith, 
'S  am  bainn-ùr  na  thamh  's  gach  cuaich : 
B'  amhuil  fad  a'  chòmhuaird  reidh, 
Sliochd  na  Greige  b'  òrbhuidh  cìd, 
Fo  iom-ghluasad  gu  stuaidh  Thròidh, 
'G  iarraidh  comhrag  nan  slsagh  dluth. 

Mar  bhuachaillean  air  raon  cian 
L;in  'ghobhair  f  hiar-adhairceach  ghorra, 
Tearba'idh  iad  gun  stribh  an  tr<iud 
A  mheasgnaich  air  reidh  nan  learg  ; 
Sin  mar  thearb  na  ceannaird  threun' 
Feachd  na  Greige  bhos  a's  thall ; 
Dheasaich  gach  triath  a  shluagh  fhein 
Los  dol  sios  gu  streup  nan  lann. 
Thriall  gu  mòralach  thair  chàch, 
Agamemnon  is  ard  luaidh  ; 
Crios  mar  Mhàrs  air  seachad  siar 
Uchd  's  a  chliabh  mar  dhia  nan  cuan ; 


318 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


Ceud  Mios  an  Earraich,  1873. 


A  dbii  slmil  '3  clieann  mai*  lobh 
Ni  "s  11a  neoil  an  torunio'  cruaidh  ; 
"S  timclnoll  ccanna"idh  au  laoich  mhoir 
Shoillsicli  Ouchd,  a's  gloir,  a's  buaidh. 
Mar  tliarbli  aoigheil,  lairceach,  trom, 
'S  an  spreidli  air  an  ailein  cruinn ; 
Stàtail  a  tbriall — àiUidh  'chom, 
'S  c  'gluasad  mar  righ  an  fliuinn  : 
Sin  mar  gliluais  Mac  Atreuis  àigb, 
Oir  tliog  lòbh  c  gu  urd  uaill. 
Suaicheant  an  lit  sin  's  gach  cliu 
Chit'  e  mcasg  fir  itiil  a  shluai£?h. 


OR  AN 

Do'n  Urkamach  Alasdàik  Stiubhakd, 
^Am  Bun-Lochabae. 

0  !  mosglaim-se  le  sunnd  'us  cail, 

'Us  deachdar  Dan  gu  buadhacb  leam, 
Do'n  Fhir-eun  uasal,  f  boinnidli,  f  bial, 

A's  pailte  ciall  'us  buadbannan, 
Tba'm  Bun-Locbabar  nan  damh  donn, 

'■»S  nam  mac  's  nan  sonn  clis,  fuas- 

gailte,  [dbàn', 

Dbetb  'n  aitim  riogbail,   sbeasmbach, 

Bba  sgaiteach,  dàicbeil,  cruadalacb. 

'S  tu  'fiùran  fearail,  's  atbail  gnùis, 
A's  teinne  lùgh,  's  a's  anamanta, 
A's  guirme  siiil,  's  a's  deirge  gruaidh, 
'S    tu    fallain    snuadhmbor,    geala- 
mbaiseach ; 
O  shall  do  bhuinn  gu  gruaig  do  chinn, 
Gur  cuimir,  grinn,  deas,  dealbhach 
thu,  [cbniin, 

'S   na   'm   faighte    gairm    a  dbion    a' 
■  Bu  ghlan  air  thus  nti  h-armailt  tbu. 

Ach  's  e  ni  buan  do  mbeas  's  do  cbliii, 

Ka  gibhtean  dliith  chaidh  dhòrtadb 

ort, 

'S  nach  'eil  's  an  àl  so  fear  do  cheiU', 

'S  tu  deanamh  feum  an  comhnuidh 

dbitb :  [freumb, 

"S    tu    'n    t-abbal    aluinn    's    lionmhor 

'S  a's  pailte  geuga  mor-mbeasacb, 
Gun  bbeud,  gun  ghaoid,  ach  reacbd- 
mbor,  Ian, 
'S  e  bhi  fo  d'  sgùil  tha  solasacb. 


Gur  diomhair  d'  iitl  'us  d'  fhiosracbd 

gbeur,  [oirnn, 

Mu  cbuairt  na  grein'  tba  deàrrsadh 

'S  cha'n  'eil  an  cleith  ort  gnè  nan  reul, 

'S  gach  feart  's  na's  leir  dbetb  'n  àir- 

eamb  ud,  [ghrunnd', 

Mar   sin  gun  dbearbb   thu    meud  do 

'Us  barracbd  tiiir  mar  Cbàileadair, 
A  db-innseas  dbuinn  m'an  tig  gu  cricb, 
Gach  caocbiadh  sin'  's  mar  tbàrlas 
iad. 

'S  gur  solus  dbuinn  do  bbeachdan  fior 

Mu  ghin  nan  iasg  's  an  àbhaistean, 
Mu  ghnè  nan  ian,  s  gach  bith'  ta  beò, 

'S    mu   bhuadhan   phor    s   mar  dh' 
fhasas  iad, 
Mu  cbinneas  luibhean  'us  an  sgèimb, 

'S  mu  stutban  mhèin  s  an  guiithach- 
adh, 
'S  tu  toirt  dbuinn  eolais  air  gach  maoin, 

A  tba  's  an  t-saoghal  nàdurra. 

A's  tuigseach  dh'  inusear  leatsa  sgeoil, 
Nan  Aoisean  Orach  's  larunnach, 

"S   tu  deas  'an   caiunt  na  Greig'  's  na 

Eòimb',  [dbuinn ; 

Cba  bhi  ort  sgleò  'g  an  sgriobhadh 

'S  gur  taitneach  'chuirear  leat  'an  ceil], 
ikiu  ghaisge  threibh  nam  Fiann- 
taichean, 

'Us  nòs  gach  teaghlaich,  fin',  'us  sluaigb, 

Am  meud,  an  snuadh  's  an  siolacbadh. 

Tba  ort  mar  chliù,  bhi  suaircc,  ciiiiu. 

Neo-uallacb,  mùinte,  sìobhalta, 
'S    tu    faoilidb,  ixiirteach,  iochdmbor, 
tlàth,  [eacbd, 

'Us  pailt    an  gràdb  's   an  simplidh- 
Ko  thapaidh,  dian,  's  gach  ait  'us  am, 

Asheasamhbbantracb'sdbilleacbdan, 
Air  cheann  nam  bocbd  a'  dion  an  cììis 

'S  deas-chainnteachj  grunndail,  dileas 
thu. 

Gu'm  beil  do  gbluasad  'reir  do  gbairm, 
',S  cha-n  ann  Ic  foirm  no  cealgair- 
eachd, 

Ach  tlusail,  sùimh,  'us  ceart  'am  beus, 
A'  ruith  do  rèis'  gu  h-armaicbte  : 


Ceud  Mios  an  Earraich,  187 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


sm 


Gu-n  d'  fhuair  thu  dh'  onoir  le  gacb 

buaidh,  [chriochan, 

Bhi   d'   aobhar  uailF  d'  ar   Garbh- 

'S  gur  miiirneil  d'  airnu  air  feadh  gach 

tìr', 

'S  bi'dh  iomadh  linn  a'  seanchas  ort. 

Gu-n   guidhinn   fhin  dut   'measg   nan 
ceud, 

Fad  shineadli  re  neo-smuaireanacli, 
A'  fas  'an  toirt,  'an  cuid,  's  an  daoin', 

.Ei  fad  do  shaoghail  buannaclidail ; 
'S    gu'm   beil   mi   luaidli    ort   le   mor 
mbiann,  [eas — 

Aig  ceann  gach  mios'  mar  chuairtich- 
'S  ag  Ò1  do  sblàinte  le  Mac-Eàild, 

Fear  cridheil,  càirdeil,  uasal  e. 

LoCH-AlLLSE. 


LITIR  O  RUNASDACH. 
A  Ghaidheil  Eunaich 

Bliadlma  mbaitb.  ùr  dbuit 
agus  moran  diu — gu'm  a  slàn  a  bbitbeas 
tu,  a's  gu'm  a  fada  beo  thu.  An  saoil 
thu  nach  ann  a  tha  cuid  de  naire  orm 
sgriobbadh  thugad  le  ebo  fada  is  a  bha 
mi  gu'n  smid  a  cbur  a"d  ionnsaidh? 
Db'fhaodain  leisgeul  a  tboirt  dhut  air- 
son  mo  thosd  f  bada,  acb  is  coma  leam 
leisgeulan  aig  gacb  am.  Acb  cha  robh 
an  call  ebo  mor  ged  nacb  robh  facal 
agad  uam-sa  o'n  a  bha  uailsean  urra- 
macb  foghainteach  eile  ag  cur  gu  leòir 
de  nitbean  gasda  tbugad.  'Sann  daibb 
fein  a  b'aitbne  a  dheanamb  a's  cha 
b'ann  do  sgaomaire  bochd  mar  a  tha 
mise !  Am  bbeil  f bios  agad  gur  ann  a 
bha  mi  anns  an  letb  bharail,  gu'm  b'e 
an  t-aobbar  nacb  d'fbuair  mi  cotbrom 
air  litir  a  cbur  a'd  ionnsaidb,  gu'n  robh 
na  buidsicbean  ag  cur  bacadh  orm  le 
an  giosragan  is  le  an  ubagan  neo- 
chneasda.  Tha  fhios  agad  fein  gu'm 
bbeil  iad  ro  shaothrach  ann  an  am  na 
Sambnadb,  is  nach  leig  iad  lefs  an 
fbeur  cinntin  fo'n  casan.  Tha  mi 
beachdaidh  as  a  so  gu'n  robh  aon  bb.uid- 
seach  mhor  ag  cur  grabadb  orm — biasd 
a'  mbill  iomadh  deasrb  run  a's  a  thug 


air  iomadh   aon,   cothroman  priseil   a 

leigeil   seachad — is   fhuair     an    trudar 

buaidh  orm-sa  o  cheann  da  mbiosa.   Is  e 

is  ainra  do'n  bheisd  "  Cuir-dail-ann-gus- 

am-maireach.'      Tha    sar    fhios    aice 

''An  rud  anns  an   d'theid  dail   theid 

dearmad"   is  ma  theid  aice   air  toirt 

air  neach  dail  a  cbur  ann  an  gnotbach 

gu'm  bbeil  a  bhuaidh  aice.     Is  i  so  a' 

bhuidseach     a    chuir    cnapstai-ra   a'm 

ratbad-sa,    is    cha    n-e    creutair    neo 

shaoghalta  air  bith  eile.     Oir  tha  eagal 

orm   gu'm   bbeil  ceard  nan   creutaran 

bocbda  eile  air  dol  a  dhi,  on  a  chaidh 

eolas  a'm  meud,  is  gu'm  bbeil  iad  air 

diollaid  a  cbur  air  a'  chas-sguaibe  is  air 

teicheadh   do'n  Spaiun.     Chuir  sitrich 

an  eich  iaruinn  agus  i-an  deatach  bata 

na  smuide  an  cridhe  asda  is  theicb  iad 

gu  fasgadh  fbaotuinn,  fo   cbleoca   an 

aineolais  ann  an  duthaich    eigin    eile. 

Slan  leotha — "s  mairg  a  bhitbead  g'an 

caoidb.     "Beannacbd  Cballum  Ghoba 

leo."     Cha  n-eil  acb  tearc  ri  amas  orra 

a  tha  a  nis  a'  toirt  geill  do'n  bharail 

amaideach  so ;  acb  bha  aig  aon  am  Ian 

chreideas  air  a  tboirt  di.     Cha  b'ann  a 

mbain  'sa'  Ghaidhealtacbd  a  bha  geill 

air  a  tboirt  do'n  t-saobh-bharail  gu'n  robh 

cumhacbd  aig  muinntir  trid  cumhnant 

a  dheanamb  ri  spiorad  an  dorcbadais 

air  nitbean  miorbhuileach  a  dheanamb. 

Thar  an  t-saogbail  mhoir  gu  leir  bha  na 

beachdan  so  ri  am  faotaiun.     Bha  na 

cinnich  a  b'fboghluimicbte  anns  an  t- 

sean  aimsir  ga  chreidsin.      Is  bha  na 

borb  dhaoine  anns  gach  cearu  iomallach 

a'  toirt  geill  dba.     Is  cha  be  a  mbain  a' 

chuid  a  b'ilse  is  a  b'aineolaiche  de'n  t- 

sluagh,  a  bha  ag  creidsin  anns  an  ni 

ach  daoine  measail  agus  fogbluimicbte. 

Bha     Easbuigean      agus      Sagairtean, 

Ministeirean  agus  Foirfich  ag  creidsin 

ann  am  buidseachas.     Agus  mo  thru- 

aigb,  bu  bbochd  an  toi'adh  a  thug  an 

creideas  aca  a   mach ;    oir  is    iomadh 

creutair  truagh  a   chaidh   a   cbur   gu 

has   piantach   air   a    thaileadh.      Bha 

iomadh  cailleacb  bbochd  air  a  losgadh 

gu  has  le  daoine  a  bha  a'  saoilsin  gu'n 


320 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


Cend  Mios  an  Earraich,  1873. 


robh  iad  a'  deanamh  obair  mhaith  le 
Lbi  mar  so  ag  cur  seirbhisicli  an  Fhir- 
mbillidh  gu  bus.  Ach  an  àite  a  bhi 
'cur  na  aghaidh  sann  a  bha  iad  a' 
deanamh  scirbhcis  dha,  si  mo  bharail, 
le  bhi  a'  deanamh  a'  pheacaidh  mhoir 
so — a'  peanasachadh  truaghain  bhochda 
air  son  cionnta  anns  nach  robh  e 
comasach  dhoibh  o  nadur  a  bhi  cionn- 
tach.  Ach  a  chum  cliii  cleir  agus 
pcarsa  Eaglais  na  Gaidhealtachd  biodh 
e  air  innseadh,  nach  deacha  riabh  (cho 
fad  s'  as  fhios  dhomhsa,  codhiu)  neach 
a  dhiteadh  gu  bàs  air  an  iartus  airson 
na  barail  fhaoin  so. 

Ach  mar  an  robh  peanas  air  a 
dheanamh  crra  cha  b'ann  a  chionn  is 
nach  robh  na  Gaidheil  mar  dhaoine 
eile  a'  creidsin  annta.  Is  iomadh  sgeul 
a  b'urrantar  innseadh  mu  dheanamh 
nan  cleasan  de'n  robh  iad  cionntach. 
B'  urrain  iad.  na'm  b'  fhior,  am  bainne  a 
thoirt  o'n  chrodh  agus  an  toireadh  a 
thoirt  as  a'  bhainne.  An  uair  a  bha 
bainne  mairt  air  ubagan  a  chuir  air, 
bhitheadh  e  tana,  glas,  agus  ge'd  a 
chuireadh  tn  a  mach  do  chridhe  ga 
mhaistreadh,  mir  ime  cha  d'thigeadh 
air.  Ma  bha  thu  a'  dol  a'  mhaistreadli, 
is  gu'n  robh  eagal  ort  gu'm  feudadh 
buidsichean  a  bhi  a'd  choir,  be  an 
gliocas  dhut,  riombal  neo  cearcal  a 
tharruing  mu"n  cuairt  ort  le  inneal 
staillinn  eigin — grainne  saluinn  a  chur 
'sa'  chuineag  mhaistridh,  am  muighe  a 
chuir  'na  shuidhe  air  cnutha  eich,  agus 
an  rann  a  leanas  a  ghabhail,  a'  toirt  an 
aire  gu'm  biodh  gach  facal  'san  rann 
ag  co-fhrcagairt  do  gach  buille  de'n 
Ion  aid — 

"Thig  na  maoir 
Thig  na  saoir 
Thig  fear  a'  bhala  bhuidhc." 

Bha  na  h-urrad  de  mhuintir  am  aig 
an  robh,  na'm  b'fhior  an  cumhachd 
coire  a  dheanamh  air  an  doigh  so. 
Bha  cumhachd  aig  na  buidsichean  iad 
fein  a  chur  ann  an  cruth  chreutairean 
cile  ach  gu  jsouruichte  ann  an   cruth 


maighfhich.  B'urrain  mi  iomadh 
sgeul  innseadh  mu  mhuintir  a  bha  mar 
so  ga'n  cruth-atharrachadh  fein  gu 
coslas  a'  chreutair  so,  nam  b'  fhior  an 
sgeul.  Is  ged  a  bha  na  sgeulachdan 
sin  gun  steigh  gun  bhunnchar  bha  iad 
air  an  Ian  chreidsin.  Tha  cuimhne 
agani  air  maighfhiach  a  b'  abhaist 
teachd  do'n  gharadh  chail  aig  m'athair. 
Thug  fear  de'na  gillean  oidheirp  no  dha 
air  a  tilgil,  ach  co-dhiu  a  b'e  is  nach 
robh  easan  na  shealgair  maith,  no  naoh 
robh  an  gunna  aige  air  deagh  ghleus 
cha  deacha  aige  air.  Thachair  so  cho 
trie  is  mu  dheireadh  ged  a  gheobhadh 
e  Ian  chothrom  oirre  nach  loisgeadh  e. 
Thuit  dhomh  fein  a  bhi  aig  an  taigh 
'san  am,  is  shin  mi  air  gaireachdaich 
mhagaidh  air  a'  chuis.  Ach  thionn- 
daidh  e  a"s  thug  e  dhomh  spreigeadh 
smachdail,  ag  radh  "Tog  dheth  'ille,  is 
stad  ded'  ghlagaireachd,  air  neo  cha 
u-eil  fhios  agam  nach  fhaigh  thu  dioladh 
air  son  d'fhealadhà  uair  nach  saoil  thu.' 
Theagamh  gu'm  iaigh,  ach  cha'n  i  a' 
ghearr  bhochd  a  bheir  a  mach  an  aich- 
meil"  orsa  mise.  "Uist"  ors  easan, 
••  cha  n-cil  e  idir  cneasda  fanaid  a 
dheanamh  air  a'  chuis.''  "  So,  dhut 
sea  sgilinn  "  orsa  mise,  "  lub  i  is  cur  'sa' 
ghuna  i,  oir  chuala  mi  thu  ag  radh 
nach  gearradh  ni  air  bith  ach  sea- 
sgillinn  liibta  air  buidseach."  Ach 
cha  bhiodh  gnothach  aige  rium  fein 
no  ri  mo  shea  sgillinn,  air  eagal,  mar 
thuirt  e  foin  gu'm  feudadh  e  bhi  cionn- 
tach ann  am  mortadh,  oir  bha  leth 
bharaile  aige  co  i  a  bha  ann  an  coslas 
na  maighich.  Is  docha  leamsa  air  son 
so  uile,  nach  ann  aig  a'  bhuidseachas,  a 
bha  choire  ach  gum  be  a  b'  aobhar 
nach  robh  a'  ghearr  air  a  marbhadh, 
nach  robh  'sa'  ghille  choir  ach  "scalgair 
tlicab  a  loisg  's  nach  do  leag." 

Bha  crodh  a  bha  air  laoigh  a  bhi  aca 
fior  bliuailteach  a  bhi  air  an  gonadh, 
agus  ann  am  mor  chunnart  gu'n 
ruchadh  toradh  a'  bhainne  aca  a  thoirt 
air  ialbh.  A  chum  buaidh  a  thoirt  air 
i>-iosrairan  nam  biasdan  bha  ni  no  dha 


Cend  Mios  an  Eai-rsicli,  1873. 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


321 


feumail  do'n  bhanaraich  glilic  a  dhean- 
amh.  Bha  cnutha  eich  ri  bhi  air  a 
deanamh  dearg  agus  a'  chiad  spùt  de'n 
bhainne  ri  bhi  air  a  bhieothan  air  a 
chnutha  so — blia  faine  na  banaraich  ri 
bhi  air  a  chur  mu'n  ciiairt  air  aon  mu 
seach  de  bhalain  a'  mhairt,  agus  na  h- 
urad  de  dhfhaoiueis  eile  a  cbeart  a  cho 
gorach  riii  sin.  Ma  bha  toil  agad 
dioghaltas  a  dheanamh  air  buidseach  a 
rinn  coire  do  thoradh  do  chruidb, 
agus  fhaotuin  a  mach  co  an  neach 
a  rinn  an  dolaidh  so  ort,  cha  robh 
agad  ach  steall  do"n  bhainne  a  bha  air 
a  chronachadh  a  chur  ann  am  poit  agus 
dorlach  phrineachan  agus  shnathadan 
a  chur  anu  am  measg  a'  bhainne.  an 
dorus  a  chrannadh  agus  a  phoit  a  chur 
air  nn  teine.  'JST  uair  a  thoisicheadh  a' 
phoit  ri  goileadh,  thoiseachadh  piantan 
agus  tachdaidean  air  a  bhuidseach,  is 
cha  b'  fhada  gus  am  bitheadh  i  anns 
an  dorus  a'  glaodhaich  faotuinn  a 
staigh.  Cho  fada  'sa  churaadh  tusa  na 
snathadan  a'  goileadh,  cho  fada  sin 
kanadh  doruinu  chraiteach  air  a 
bhuidsich,  gus  mu  dheireadh  an  d'thug- 
adh  i  a  da  chluais  thar  a  lethchinn  air 
son  fuasgladh  fhaotuinn.  Ann  an  dluth 
dhaimh  ri  buidseachas  bha  an  droch 
shuih  Ach  bha  an  t-eadar  dhealachadh 
so  eatorra,  gu'm  faodadh  an  droch  shuil 
a  bhi  aig  neach  gu'n  e  bhi  na  fhior 
dbroch  dhuine ;  is  gu'm  feudadh  e 
coire  a  dheanamh  ort  gun  toil  air  bith 
a  bhi  aige  sin  a  dheanamh.  Bha  na'm 
b'  fhiur  an  droch  shuil  a'  sruthadh  o 
chridhe  farmadach  a  bhi  aig  neach. 
Na'm  biodh  farniad  laidir  aig-  neach 
riut,  bha  cunnart  ann  gu'm  feudadh  e 
coire  a  dheanamh  ort  anns  an  rathad 
so.  Tha  cuimhne  agam  aon  uair  a  bhi 
a'  reusonachadh  ri  aon  mu  amaideachd 
a'  leithid  so  do  bheachd.  Ach  cia  b'e 
ni  a  theiriu-sa,  bha  easan  'san  aon 
bharail.  Chrath  e  cheann  agus  thubh- 
airt  e  "Cha  n-eil  fhios  agam,  sgoiltidh 
farmad  na  creagau."  Tha  iad  ro  lion 
mhor  ann,  a  tha  gus  an  latha  'n  diugh 
a  Ian  chreidsin  gum  bheil  a  leithid  do 


1° 


ni  ri  cronachadh  ann.  Agus  'se  bhoch- 
dainn  a  thaobh  an  droch  shuil,  gu'm 
feud  i  bhi  aig  neach  gun  fhios  da  fein. 
Chuala  mi  iomradh,  air  neach  nach 
b'urrain  dol  shealltuinn  a  chruidh  aige 
fein  gun  choire  a  dheanamh  orra,  is  air 
duine  eilc  aig  an  robh  a  leithid  de 
haol  d'a  chlann  is  gu'n  robh  iad  iar  an 
gonadh  le  a  shuil.  Ma  bha  toil  agad 
gun  choire  a  dheanamh  anns  an  rathad 
so,  dh'fheumadh  tu,  ann  a  bhi  a'  moll- 
adh  beathaich,  no  leanaibh  smugaid  a 
chur  air  do  shuil.  LTaith  so  tha  am 
facal  ag  eiridh  "  Fliuch  do  shuil  mu'n 
cronaich  thu  e."  Bha  e  iomachaidh 
mar  an  ceudna,  g'u'n  cuireadh  neach  au 
roimh  radh  so  an  toiseach  air  molladh 
air  bith  a  bhitheadh  e  a'  deanamh 
•'Mata  gun  an  gobh  mo  shuil  e,  is 
briath  am  beathach  sin."  Bha  na'm 
b'fhior  muinntir  ann  aig"  an  robh  eòlas 
sornuichte  a  dheanadh  slàn  neach  no  ni 
a  bha  air  a  chronachadh.  B'e  so  an 
doigh  anns  an  robh  an  t-eolas  air  a 
dheanamh ;  bha  briathra  seuna  air  an 
labhairt  os  ceann  uisge,  agus  an  t-uisge 
so  an  sin  air  a  chur  ann  an  searag,  air 
a  thoirt  gu  curamach  is  air  a  ehrathadh 
OS  ceann  an  neach  a  bha  air  a  chron- 
achadh. Dh'fheudadh  an  t-eolas  a  bhi 
air  a  chur  ann  an  sraing  is  an  t-sreang 
a  cheangal  mu  mhuineal  a'  neach  a  bha 
air  a  bhualadh  leis  an  droch  shuil.  B' 
aithne  dhomh  aon  no  dha  a  bha  'gabh- 
ail  orra  fein  gu'n  robh  eolas  a  chron- 
achaidh  aca,  is  chunna  mi  an  da  chuid 
daoine  agus  beathaichean,  do'n  robh  an 
t-eolas  air  a  dheanamh.  Ach  ghabhadh 
e  dearbhadh  moran  nis  laidire  na  fhuair 
mise  riabh  air  a  chuis,  a  thoirt  orm  a 
chreidsin  aon  chuid  gu'n  robh  an  comas 
leigheis  so  aig  a'  mhuintir  a  bha  "gabh- 
ail  orra  gu'n  robh,  no  gu'n  d'riun  an. 
t-eolas  aca  feum  do'n  mhuintir  d'an 
deach  a  dheanamh.  B'urrain  mi  sgeul 
no  dha  innseadh  dhut  a  thaobh  na  cuise 
so  ach  tha  eagal  orm  gu'n  bheil  an  litir 
so  fada  gu  leoir  cheana.  Bha  aireamh 
mhor  eile  de  sheuna  agus  de  "  eolais  " 
ann.      Mar  a  bha  eolas  an  deididh  a 


322 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


Ceud  Mios  aii  Earraich,  1813. 


tba  comasach  air  a  ghalar  phiantach 
sin  a  leigheas  gun  turcais  fear-tarruing- 
nam-fiacal  a  dhol  an  coir  do  chairein. 
Bha  colas  na  sula  ann,  a  bheireadh 
smuirnean  as  do  shuil  ge'd  robh  thu 
miltcan  air  falbh  o'n  ncach  a  rinn  an  t- 
eolas ;  agus  aircamh  mhor  eile  de  n 
cheart  seorsa,  a  bha  frcagaracli  air  son 
gach  eucail  agus  ansliocair  air  an 
cualas  riabh  iomi-adh.  Ach  tha  na 
nitbean  so  uile  a'  del  air  chiil  agus  is 
maith  do  na  leighicbcan  gum  bbeil,  oir 
na'n  racbadb  aig  na  seana  cbailleacban 
mar  so  air  gach  leigheas  a  dheanamh, 
tha  eagal  orm  nach  biodh  brochan  nan 
Doctairean  bochda  ach  tana  g'u  leoir. 
Bha  da  chungaidh  leigbis  air  an  cuala 
mi  iomradh  'sa'  chearnaidh  d'an  duth- 
aicli  san  deacba  mo  thogail,  a  bha 
aitbnicbte  a  reir  aogais  thar  cbcarnan 
eile  de'n  Ghaidhealtachd,  oir  chunna 
mi  cunntas  ro  thaitneach  air  a  thoirt 
orra  leis  a'  Ghaidheal  smearail  sin, 
•'Bun-Locbabar,''  a  tha  deanamb  na 
b-urrad  air  son  scan  nitbc  Gaidhealacb 
a  chumal  air  chuimbne.  Feumadh  mi 
a  radb  'san  dol  seachad  gum  bheil 
"Bun-Locbabar,"  air  mor  cbumain  a 
chur  air  na  Gaidbcil  leis  na  scuna  agus 
na  toimbseacbain  a  chur  e  chum  a' 
phaipeir  naidbeacbd  sin  aig  am  bbeil 
an  onair  agus  a'  bhuanacbd,  an  duine 
nasal  sin  aireamb  'am  measg  a  luchd 
cuideachaidb.  Ma  dh'  fbeudas  mi  bbi 
cho  dan  a  agus  comhairle  a  thoirt  air 
neacb   cho   gleusda,  tapuidh,  fogblum- 


aichte  ris  an  urramach  sin,  theirin  gu'm 
bbeil  mi  an  doclias  gu'm  bi  e  cho 
maith  agus  na  sean  nithe  ud  a  chur  air 
chuimbne  ann  an  rathad  a's  raaireann- 
aiche  na  taobh  duilleag  a'  phaipeir 
naidbeacbd.  Chuireadh  e  comain  ro 
mhor  air  a  luchd  duthcha  le  so  a  dhean- 
amh. 'Se  an  da  chungaidh  leigbis  air 
an  robh  mi  'dol  a  labhairt — Biadh  a 
ghabhail  a  Spainn  de  db'adharc  bo- 
bbeo.  Se  sin,  Spainn  a  bha  air  a 
deanamb  de  dli'adbarc  a  cbailleadh. 
mart  air  dhoigh  air  bith.  Cho  fada  is 
bhitlieadh  am  mart  bed  bha  buaidh 
shonruicbte  anns  an  Spainn.  A'  chun- 
gaidh eile  a  bha  a'm  bbeachd,  is  cun- 
I  gaidh  i  gun  teageamh  air  bith,  na'n 
gabbadh  i  faotuinn,  a  bhitheadb  ann- 
asach,  mar  a  deanadh  i  leigheas.  So 
agad  i :  — 

Ola  cas  easgainn, 
A's  bainne  cich  circe, 
Agus  g'eir  mheanbb-chuileag 
Ann  an  adharc  muicc, 
Agus  ite  cait  g'a  shuatbadh  ris. 
Bha  moran  eile  de  dhoighean  leigbis 
ann,   air   nach  ceadaich   fad   mo   litir 
dhomb    labhairt — mar  a  bha    leanabh 
air  an  robh  an  tuagh  a  thoirt  thar  tri 
criocha    baile,    meur   duino   marbb   a 
chur  air  cinneas  a  bhitheadb  air  neach. 
Agus  iomadh  eile. — Slan  leat.   Is  mi  le 
gach  deagh  dlmracbd  do  cbaraid 

RUNASDACH. 

Glaschu  air  Cluaidh 
Di  Luain  an  t-Sainnseil,  1873. 


NUADH     ORAN. 

(Air  a  Lcantuinn.) 

'S  e  Hancoch  'us  Adam,  'us  Franldin  na  ceilg, 

A  dh  '  eignich  a'  ghràisg  ud  gu  b-ànratb  's  gu  fcirg  ; 

Rinn  Washington  's  Lee  's  gacb^giomanach  seiig, 

A'  choimhstri  'chraobh-sgaoilcadh  air  aodann  gach  leirg. 

Dh'  fhàs  iad  cho  l;in  'us  gu'n  d'aichein  iad  Criosd, 

Le  mil  'us  le  bainne,  le  h-aran  'us  fion  ; 

Ach  bitbidh  iad  fhatbasd  air  alaban  tiom', 

A'  gold  ann  an  ainnis,  's  a'  gal  an  droch-gniomb. 


Ceud  Mios  an  Earraich,  1873. 


AN  GAIDHEAL.  323 


'Siad  sud  a  chuir  miltean  air  iomaroil  chruaidh, 
Chum  slighe  na  h-ath-sith  air  iomruagadh  truagh ; 
Ach  tuitidh  iad  fathasd  's  an  lion  a  chuir  suas, 
'Us  eiridh  an  neo-chiont'  an  solas  o'n  uaigh. 
Gun  chron  no  cion-fàth  thog  Spaintich  an  srol, 
An  co-aonachd  Fhrangach  gun  taing  iomairt-sgleo  ; 
'Sa  choimhstri  nach  buineadh  dhoibh  buill'  thoirt  rim  beò, 
Eadar  mac  'us  a  pharant  ged  f  hagadh  e'n  deù. 
Ghabh  na  beistean  an  cuthach  gu  buidheann  's  a'  bhliir, 
An  cota  's  a'  pheiteag  do  Bhreatunn  an  aigh; 
'Sann  rinn  iad  dhi  cuspar  gu  cluich  air  gach  laimh, 
Le  saighdibh  tein-athair  a  chaitheamh  a  bài'c. 
'S  an  onoir  nach  treig  sinn  am  feasd  no  gu  bnith, 
Ard-uacbdranacbd  mara  bhi  againu  's  gach  ait ; 
Mur  dean  ceilg  no  droch  mharasgal  's  athadh  do  narah, 
No  brib  uatha  ghabhail^ — cha-n  fhaigh  iad  ri'n  la. 
Is  luaithe  an  cosan  gu  casgradh  'us  leOn, 
Gu  dortadh  na  fola  nach  d'  chaidir  an  go  ; 
Na  iolair  nan  speur  air  a  sgeith  anns  na  neoil, 
Gu  cathan  nam  flath  a  chur  tbairis  air  Ion. 
Mar  sin  tha  an  slighe  gu  milleadh  mòr  Dheors', 
'S  a  shlugadh  gu  gionach  na  dhligheadh  iad  dho ; 
Ach  thig  orr'  an  la  nach  aidhearach  nòs, 
'S  a  ghuileas  gu  cridteach  mar  ghuathaich  a'  choir. 
Ghairm  esan  gu  ciiiin  iad,  ach  dhiidt  iad  a  rian, 
'Us  shin  e  a  lamh  dhoibh  gu  fdilteach  's  gu  fial ; 
'Us  thug  geallanan  gi-àidh  dhoibh  nach  àrdaicht'am  plan, 
Na'n  closadh  an  samhchair,  nach  tairngtc  dhoibh  Hath. 
An  ioghnadh  ged  ghair  esan  la  am  mòr  thruaigh', 
'N  truth  thig  orr'  o  'n  fhàsaich  an  ard-osag  chruaidh; 
A  sguabas  thair  fàire,  an  àl  'us  am  buar, 
Bi  'dh  esan  ri  gaird'chas,  's  aig  Ian  chaithream-buaidh. 
Co'n  sin  leis  an  duilich  dream  fhuilteach  nan  creuchd, 
A  chlaoidh  'us  a  sharuich  am  pàrantan  fèin  ; 
A  leagar  am  bràithrean  's  an  àraich  gun  bheud, 
'S  am  peathraichean  dubhach  an  tuilichibh  dheur. 
Dhoibh  tarlaidh  mar  thachair  do  dh'  Absalom  truagh, 
Chaidh  chomhrag  r'a  athair,  le  iomadaidh  sluaigh  ; 
Aig  marcachd  roimh  'n  doire,  chroch  a  choill  e  air  ghruaig, 
Mo  thruaighe !  bu  chràitich  am  bàs  sin  a  ihuair. 
Tha  corr  'us  seachd  bliadhna  o  na  rianaich  iad  stor, 
Gu  comhrag  ri  'n  ctdrdean  do  'm  b'àbhaisd  am  bròn  ; 
Gu'n  sgathadh  gun  eutruas  an  coille  no'n  cos, 
'S  cha  b'ann  air  mhagh  reidh  dheanamh  euchd  ach  tra-nùin, 
Nam  faigheadh  na  lothramaich  cothrom  na  Feinn", 
Aon  la  o'n  thòisich  a'  choimhstri  an-fheil ; 
Cha-n  fhaighte  mac  duin'  air  aon  tulaich  gu  feum, 
Ach  'n  an  carnaibh  air  chomhnard  a'  foshlum  an  eig. 


324  AN  GAIDHEAL. 


Ceud; 


Mur  deantadh  leo  ciiirdeas  ri  Frangaich  n  an  cas, 

'S  ri  Spainticli  dliiibh  lachduinn,  bu  ghrad  bhiodh  an  sas  ; 

'Us  Duidsicli  'us  Olandaich  dheineachadh  graidli, 

B'f  had  o"n  chaidh  corcach  air  sgornan  na  graisg. 

'S  iomadh  fear  dearg  bu  ro-gbarg  anus  an  tuir 

Chaidh  reubadh  le  clàthair  an  doir'  's  am  bith'dh  coin  ; 

'N  a  chritban  fo  f  hasgatli  na  daraig  bu  mho, 

'S  a  run  gu  dol  dachaidh  'n  am  faigheadh  e  u  rod. 

!Na  h-uilteachan  cuinnsear  bu  phuinnseant  bha  riamh 

An  aghaidh  Mur  Bhreatunn  an  cleathar  a  cliar  ; 

Gun  speis  do  mhac  duine,  no  urram  (.0  Dhia, 

Acb  leon  agus  reubainn  a  leadairt  an  Triath. 

Na  h-eucoraich  chathach  a  tharruing  an  lamh, 

An  aghaidh  an  athar  gun  a  thath  's  a  bhliir ; 

'S  na  mna  thug  a'  chioch  dhoibh  's  gach  iocshlainte  aigh 

A  nis  g  a  grad-bhualadh  's  neothruacant'  a  h-àl. 

'N  truth  nitear  an  ceannsacha'  "s  amhgh'rach  an  sgeul 

Fo  eagal,  an  dòlas,  gun  dòchas  am  pein  ; 

An  naimhdean  'g  an  glacail,  's  gun  chaidreamh  fo'n  sgeibh 

'8  an  càirdean  'g  am  brath  anns  gach  rathad  do'u  teid. 

Ni  mearlaich  an  spùiUeadh,  's  cha  dùraichd  a  ràdh 

Gu'n  d'  fhuiling  iad  fòirneart  no  leon  0  an  h\imh  ; 

Bithidh  cunnart  am  folach  "s  gach  bail'  anns  an  tàmb, 

Gur  deisneach  doghr'naich  robh  'n  sgornan  an  sas. 

Nach  truagh  an  ciimasg  s'  gun  bhuinnig  ach  call, 

Cha  bhuidheann  luchd-dionaidh  na  cise  tha  thall ; 

'S  an  dream  tha  'g  a  tagradh  le  carraid  nan  laun, 

Cha  seilbh  i  gun  dolas  's  na  leonadh  's  an  tailm. 

Nach  e  iarraidh  gu  b-uachdranaclKl  uaill  agus  brod, 

'Kuaig  prionnsa  gach  dubhailc  gu  h-iutharn  a'  bhroin  ; 

'S  iad  sin  bheir  a  bhall-chrith  air  ceannard  a"  bhròid, 

'N  la  sgiursar  air  charn  iad  gun  armailt  gun  mhod. 

'S  iomadh  mac  tha  gun  athair,  'us  athair  gun  mhac, 

O'n  la  thoisich  air  teugbhail  gu  reubadh  fad  as ; 

Dh'fhag  braithre  dhe'  dubhach  'us  peathraichean  'gal, 

'Us  miilhraiclie  bròuach  a'  clò-bhualadh  bhas. 

Dh'fhùg  clann  a'  caoidh-chaoineadh  mar  fhaoilinn  a'  chuain, 

An  athar  chaidh  'laidhc  gu  codal  's  an  uaigh ; 

'Us  seann  daoine  liath  mar  am  fiannis  gun  chluain, 

A'  biiirich  nan  armunn  a  dh'fhagadh  's  an  ruaig. 

lads  'uile  tha  'n  cairdean  gach  la  anns  an  tòir, 

Fo  uamhas  gu  m  fiigar  's  an  iiraich  gun  deò ; 

Crith-eagail  'g  an  crà-chaoidh,  nach  airrahear'nam  tieò-, 

lad  anns  a'  bhràgad,  'n  am  abhachd  an  t-slòigh. 

Ach  chitear  an  la  nach  aidhearach  dòigh 

Nan  reuballach  dubha  nach  cumadh  a'  choir; 

Agul  air  an  glunaibh  toirt  iimldachd  do  Dheors', 

'S  gun  ghuidhe  dad  tuillidh,  ach  fliulang  bhi  beò. 


Ceud  Mios  an  Earraich,  1873. 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


325 


NAIDHEACHDAN. 

Tha  naidheachd  bhrònach  againn  air  a 
mhios  so,  mu  bhdthadh  a  chaidh  a 
dheanamh  mu  dheireadh.  a'  mhios  a  chaidli 
seachad,  aig  ceann  a  deas  Shasuinn. 
Chaidh  soitheach  Sasunnach  da  'm  b'  ainm 
an  Northjleet  a  ruith  sios  le  steamer  Spain- 
each  a  ruith  a  steach  na  cliathaich  agus 
faisg  air  da  leith  a  dheanamh  oirre.  Bha 
'n  sotheach  luchdaicHte  le  daoine  agus 
iarunn  a  bha  dol  gu  ruig  Australia,  air  son 
rathad  iaruinn  a  dheanauh  ann  an  aon  de 
chearnaidhean  na  duthcha  sin.  Bha  mu 
'n  cuairt  airceithir  cheudpearsainnte  agus 
na  'm  measg  bha  iomadh  duine  le  'bhean  's 
a  theaghlach,  ach  se  gle  bheag  dhiubh 
a  chaidh  a  shiibhaladh.  An  deigh  don 
steamar  a  bualadh,  agus  fios  aic  gu'n 
deachaidh  call  a  dheanamh,  cha  do  sheall 
i  as  a  deigh  ach  falbh  gu  h-an-iochdmhor 
agus  leigadh  leis  an  t-soitheach  sioladh 
agus  na  daoine  a  bhlithadh ;  bha  so  gle 
chianail,  oir  bha  an  soitheach  cho  faisg  a' 
laimh  "s  gu  'm  bheil  barr  nan  crann, 
fhathasd  ri  'm  faicinn  bho  'n  fhearann  a 
a  mach  as  an  fhaii-ge.  Bu  chianail  an  seal- 
ladh  da  rireadh  e,  na  h-urad  do  dhaoine, 
mhnathan  agus  chlainn  a'  dhol  a  dhith  am 
fàire  am  fearuinn  fheiu.  Chaidh  fios  a 
chur  lei's  au  telegraph  as  deigh  na 
steamair  agus  tha  i  nis  an  laimh  's  a'  Spain, 
air  son  a'  ghniomh  oilltèil  a  'rinn  i,  agus 
tha  siun  an  dochas  agus  a'  guidhe  gu  'm 
faigh  am  maighistir  agus  an  sgioba  a  reir 
an  toilltineis. 

Chaidh  mar  an  ceudna  bàthadh  ciauail 
a  dheanamh  sa  chuan  Leodhasach  air  an 
16mh  de  'n  mhios  a  chaidh  seachad,  leis 
an  do  chain  seisear  am  beatha — ceathrar 
dhaoine  pòsda  agus  dithis  ghillean  òga. 
Bha  iad  a'  tighinn  dhachaidh  a  Steomabha 
gu  Grabhair  an  sgire  na  Loch,  le  eathar 
beag  luchdaichte  le  mion  's  nithean  eile. 
Tha  n  call  so  gle  bhrònach,  oir  dhfhàg  an 
ceathrar  dhaoine,  bantraichean  agus  teagh- 
laichean  lag  chloinne.  Ffhuaradh  an  cuirp 
beagan  laithean  au  deigh  so.  'S  iad 
so  an  ainmean  :  Domhnull  Mac-Gille- 
Mhaoil,  Piuairidh  Cambeul,  Alasdair 
Caimbeul,  Iain  Mac-Phàil,  Iain  Mac-^S'ea- 
cail,  a's  Niall  Mac-Gille-Mhicheil. 

Chuala  sinn  iomradh  ah-  call  no  dha  eilc 
de  'n  t-seorsa  so  a  bhuineadh  do'n  Ghaidh- 
ealtachd,  ach  cha  'n  'eil  min-chunntas 
againn  mu  'n  deibhinn  aig  an  iun,  ach  tha 
aon  dhuibh  gu  h-araidh  a  chuirfior  bhochd- 
uinn  air  ar  cridhe,  se  sin  gille  og  a  mhu- 


inntir  Ghoillspidh,  chaill  abheatha  an  deigh 
gniomh  cho  gaisgeil  agus  treubhantach  a 
dheanamh  's  air  an  cuala  siun  iomradh ; 
innsidh  sinn  mu  dheibhinn  's  an  ath  aire- 
amh. 

Tha  'n  Gearahradh  so  ainmeil  thall 
agus  a  bhos  air  son  stoirmean  fiadhaich 
agus  tha  call  mor  air  a  dheanumh  leotha. 

Tha  siun  a'  cluinntinn  gu'r  ann  gle 
mheadhonach  a  tha  an  t-iasgach  a'  dol 
leotha  ail-  feadh  na  Gaidhealtachd  air 
a'  mhios  so,  ged  a  bhitheadh  pailteas 
èisg  ann,  tha  an  tide  cho  fiadhaich'  's 
nach  fhaighear  thige.  Tha  cunntas  againn 
mar  an  ceudna  gu'r  e  cor  gle  bhochd  a  tha 
air  a'  chuid  mhor  de  chroitearan  agus 
iasgairean  na  Gaidhealtachd,  leis  mar  a 
chaidh  am  buntata  agus  nithean  eile  air  ais 
air  a'  bhliadhna  a  chaidh  seachad. 
Bh'fhearr  dhoibh  a  bhi  'n  America.  Tha 
prisean  air  crodh  agus  caoirich  a  Icautuinn 
fhathasd  gle  ard  agus  nithean  eile  da  reir 
sin.  Tha  mion-chorc'  a's  mion-eorna,  bho 
fhichead  gu  deich  tastain  fhichead  am 
bola ;  buntata  bho  thastan  a'  chlach  air 
aghairt,  mairteoil  a's  muilteoil  mu  thastan 
am  puund  ;  laoigheoil  naodh  sgillinn  am 
punnd ;  nmiceoil,  seachd  sgillinn  am 
punnd  ;  im  ochd  sgillinn  deug  am  punnd : 
cearcan  mu  leth-chrun  au  te  ;  uibhean, 
sgillinn  am  fear  'san  cuid  a  dh-àitean  tri 
buiun-a'-sia. 

A  measg  naidheachdan  na  rioghachd 
cha  'n  fhaod  siun  dearmad  a  dheanamh  air 
bas  au  lompaire  Napoleon.  Dh'eug  e  ann 
an  ClnselJiurst,  air  an  naoidheamh,  latha  de 
chcud  mhios  na  bhadhna.  Eugadh  e  'sau 
Fhraing,  mu  thoiseach  na  bliadhna  1808. 
Sa'  bhliadhna  18i8  fhuair  e  ard-riaghladh 
na  Frainge'  leis  an  laimh  laidir.  Ach  cha 
ruig  sinn  a  leas  an  corr  a  radh  an  so.  Au 
deigh  moran  fola  'bhi  air  a  dortadh  eadar 
e  fein  a's  rigli  Uilleam  Phrussia.  Chuir  e 
seachad  da  bhliadhna  auns  nach  robh 
moran  iomraidh  air,  gus  an  do  ruith  e  an 
t-slighe  bha  air  a  cuir  roimhe,  's  tha  e  'n 
dingh  cho  diblidh  fo  'n  fhò'd  ri's  au  neach 
bu  bhochda  de  chuid  iochdran. 


SOP  AS  GACH  SEID. 

Aisling  caillich  mar  a  diirachd. 

Am  fear  aig  nach  bi  guothach  do  'n  taigh- 

mhor,  bheir  e  guothach  as. 
A's  sleamhuiun  a'  chlach  a  tha  'n  stairsuich 

an  taigh  mhoir. 


320 


AN  GAIDHEAL. 


Ceud  Mios  an  Earraich,  1873. 


Xa  biodh  cota  dubh  air  ccalgaire  no  cota 

dearg  air  slaoightear. 
Am  fear  a  ni  obair'ua  thrath,  bitìiidh  e  'n 

ath  latha'na  leth  thamli 
Am  fear  's  luaithc  liimh  'se  's  fearr  cuid. 
Am  fear  is  'n  dan  a'  chroich,  cha  d'  theid 

gu  brach  a  bhàthadh 
An   uair   tharruingeas  gach  duine    chuid 
thigc,  's  mairg  a  bhitheas  gun  chuid  aige. 
Cha  d'thig  fuachd  gu  earrach,  cruaidhchas 

no  droch  ccannach. 

Bha  duine  bochd  auu  an  Glinneilg  a  bha 

comharraichteair  son  teangasgainnealach 

agus  thachair  dha — gu  tubaisteach—  gu'n 

dh'  fhds  a  bhial  goirt,  a's  bu  mhiann  Icis 

a  dhol  do'n  taigh-eiridin  a  dh'  fheuch 

am  faigheadh  e  leigheas.     Chaidh  e  air 

tiis  a  dh-ionnsuidh  a'  mhaighstir-sgoile 

air   sou    teisteanais,    agus    fhuair   e    'n 

teisteanas  a  leanas. — '■'■Duine  hocM  aig 

am  hheil  droch  Mi'aZ." 

Bah  seann  Chailleach  ann  am  Biiideanach, 

agus  cha  'n  fiiaiceadh  i  tiodhhacadh  a' 

dol  seachad,  nach  sineadh  i  air  gal  's 

air  bualadh  nam  bas.     Latha   dhe  na 

laithcan    bha    chailleach    aig   ccann    a 

taighe,    a's     ciod     e  •  chunnaic    1    'del 

seachad  ach  posadh.     Cha  robh  a  fradh- 

arc  ach  mall,  a's  do  shaoil  leatha  bha 

i  'faicinu    ach  tiodhlacadh.     "0!"  ars 

ise,  's   i   'bualadh  nam  bas,    "  Siod  an 

t-slighe  air  an  teid  sinn  uile  !  " 

Ann  an  taigh  àraid  'an  Loch-bhraoin, 

thachair   dithis   amadanan    a  bhi   air   an 

oidhche,  agus  chuireadh  do  'n  aon  leabuidh 

iad,     Cha   do  sguir  iad  fad  na  h-oidhche 

ach  a'  sabaid  airson  co  'm  fear  de'n  dithis 

a  hhioJli  's  «'  mheadlion. 

"  Am  bheil  thu  na  do  chadal  a  Dhomh- 
nuill?"  arsa  seana  Ghaidheal  coir  ri 
caraid  dha  a  bha  'ramhanaich  air  an  fheur 
air  feasgar  Samhraidh.  "  Ciian-n  eil  a 
Dhounchaidh,"  ars  a  Domhnuill.  "  Agus 
an  toir  thu  dhomh  deich  tasdain-fhichead?" 
ars  a'  Donnchadh.  "Tha  mi  na  mo 
chadal  a  nise,"  ars  a  Domhnull,  agus  e  a' 
toirt  srann  as. 

15ha  connspaid  uair-eigin  cadar  Caim- 
bculach  a's  Leathauach  mu  dheighinn  co 
an  fhiue  bu  shine  de'n  dithis.  Cha  'n 
fhuilgeadh  an  Leathanach  a  chluinntinn 
gu'n  robh  na  Caimbeulaich  cho  scan  ri 
'chinneadh  sa,  oir  bha  o  ag  ràdh  gu'n  robh 
a  shebrsa  ann  bho  thoiseach  an  t-saoghail. 


Bha  fios  aig  a'  Chaimbeulach  gu  math  air 
eachdraidh  a'  Bhiobuill,  agus  dh'  fheoraich 
e  an  robh  Clann-Leathaiu  ann  roimh  an 
dile.  "An  d'lle !  ciod  i  'n  dile!"  arsa 
Mac-a'-Leathain.  "  An  dile,"  ars'  au 
Caimbeulach,  "  a  bhath  gach  m  a  bh'  air 
thalamh  ach  Koah,  a  theaghlach,  's  a 
threud."  "  O  bhurraidh  !  thu  fein  's  do 
dhlle, — bha  mo  Chinneadh-s'  annfada  ro'n 
dile,"  arsa  Mac-a'-Leathain.  "  Cha  do 
leugh  mise  anns  a'  Bliiobull  mu  dheibhinn 
Leathanach  sam  bith  a  chaidh  a  steach 
do'n  aire  aig  Noah."  "  Airce  Noah  ! ''  arsa 
Mac-a'-Leathain,  "  Co  chuala  riamh  mu 
dhuine  dheth  mo  Cliiuneadh-sa  aig  nach 
robh  biita  dha  fhciu  !  " 


DO  AE  LUCHD-LEUGHAIDH. 

Tha  sinn  leis  an  aireamh  so,  a'  crioch- 
nachadh  a'  cheud  Icabbar  de'n  Ghaidh- 
eal. Rinn  sinn  ar  dichioU  anns  gach  ni 
airson  ar  luclid-leugliaidh  a  riarachadli 
agus  a  thoileacliadb,  agus  miosachau  a 
thoirt  dhoibh  'nan  cuiuut  fliein  a  bbith- 
eadhairidh  orrafhein,air  ancauain,  agus 
airan  duthaich  ;  a's  ma  chaidh  sinn  cearr 
air  sin.  cha  b'ann  do  'r  deòin.  Tha  An 
Gaidheal  a'  tigbinn  air  aghairt  gu  gas- 
da,  ged  nach  eil  urrad  de  luchd-lcugh- 
aidh  aige  fathasd  's  a  dh'  iarradh  e. 
Tha  sinn  a'  toirt  mile  taing  dhoibhsan 
a  chuidich  leis  'san  tini  a  chaidh  seachad, 
agus  tha  sinn  an  dochas  nach  teid  aon 
ainm  a  bha  ar  leabhraichean  bho  thois- 
each, a  dhubhadh  a  mach  "  a'  chiad 
da  latha  so,"  Ma  ni  ar  luchd-leughaidh 
au  dichioll,  agus  gach  neach  dhiubh  fear 
no  dha  eile  fhaighinn  maille  ris  fhein, 
an  urn  cur  a  steach  as  ùr,  cha  bhi  e 
ach  beag  thriobUiid  dhoibh-san,  agus  ni 
e  mor  fhcum  dhuinne ;  oir  cha  'n  e 
mhain  gu'n  ncartaich  e  "  An  Gaidh- 
eal,"  ach  bheii-  e  comas  dhuinne  a 
dheanamh  na  's  motha.  Tha  sinn  an 
dochas  gu'n  cluinn  sinn  bho  'r  cairdean 
air  a'  phuing  so.  Tha  e  'nar  run  An 
Gaidheal  a  dheanamh  na  's  fhearr 
ann  an  iomadh  rathad  a  so  suae. 


ENGLISH   DEPARTMENT. 


FEBRUARY,  1873. 


ENGLISH  RIVER  NAMES,  &c., 
DERIVED  FROM  THE  GAELIC 
LANGUAGE. 

{Continued  from  page  301,) 

Besides  the  clear  and  direct  evidence 
that  has  already  been  stated  as  to  Eng- 
lish river  names  being  identical  with 
those  of  Scotland,  which  were  given  by 
the  Gael,  as  also  of  a  very  great  num- 
ber more,  which  are  evidently  derived 
from  the  Gaelic  language,  there  exists 
further  proofs  in  other  place  names  that 
show  positively  the  Cymri,  or  "Welsh, 
were  not  the  first  inhabitants  of  the 
land  of  Britain. 

The  nearest  part  of  England  to  what 
was  anciently  called  Gaul  (now  France) 
is  Dover,  it  is  only  twenty-six  miles 
from  Calais,  and  the  Celts  of  Gaul 
would  no  doubt  select  the  former  for 
their  landing  place,  let  us  therefore  see 
what  is  the  etymology  of  the  name  of 
"  Dover."  Mr  Edmunds  asserts  (at 
p.  190,  2nd  edition,)  that  it  is  from  the 
Welsh  word  Dwficr,  "  water,"  which 
it  cannot  be,  because  every  city,  town, 
village,  and  hamlet  at  the  sea  shore,  is 
on  the  "  water,"  so  also  all  these  when 
on  the  banks  of  a  river,  are  on  the 
"  water,"  and,  according  to  Mr  Ed- 
munds, they  would  all  be  "  Dovers  ;" 
thus  we  see  what  great  absurdities  fol- 
low from  his  etymology  by  trying  to 
bring  it  from  the  "Welsh  language.  The 
true  etymology  of  "  Dover "  is  cor- 
rectly traced  to  the  Gaelic  language, 
being  from  the  ancient  word  Dobhair, 
which  means  "  the  border  of  a  country." 
Nothing   can    be    more    truthful    and 


descriptive  of  "Dover"  and  its  situa- 
tion. This  Gaelic  etymology  carries 
conviction  with  it,  from  the  clear  and 
correct  meaning  it  bears,  whereas  the 
Welsh  word  of  Mr  Edmunds  Bwfwr, 
or  "  water,"  appears  impossible  when 
applied  to  it.  No  doubt  the  name 
Dover  was  given  by  the  Celts  that 
came  over  from  Gaul ;  the  Gaelic 
is  identical  in  pronunciation  with 
"Dover;"  it  will  be  found  in  the 
standard  work  of  the  language — 
namely,  the  Dictionary  of  the  High- 
land Society  of  Scotland,  under  the 
word  Dolhaidh. 

There  is  a  hill  in  England,  county  of 
Derby,  named  "  Mam-tor,"  which  is 
most  undoubtedly  derived  from  the 
language  of  the  Gael.  Mr  Edmunds, 
in  his  etymology,  says  it  signifies 
"  Mother  hill,"  which  assertion  proves 
Mr  Edmunds  does  not  know  what 
Mam  means — it  is  a  Gaelic  word  for 
a  hill,  of  a  round  form,  gently  rising. 
There  are  a  very  great  number  of 
hills  in  Scotland  called  Mam,  there 
are  none  in  Wales,  which  is  fatal  to  the 
theory  of  the  Welsh  being  the  earliest 
race  in  Britain,  or  that  they  g'ave  this 
name  to  the  Derbyshire  hill.  "  Mam,"  is 
found  in  the  Scotch  counties  of  Perth, 
Argyle,  Inverness,  Ross,  afnd  the  island 
of  Mull ;  "  Tor,"  occurs  all  over  Scot- 
land and  the  islands,  and  is  generally 
applied  to  a  conical  hill,  therefore  the 
two  together,  Mavi-tor,  mean  "  the 
round  conical  hill," — and  the  race  who 
gave  this  name  were  the  Gael,  and  not 
the  Welsh.  There  is  in  England,  in 
the  county  of  Worcester,  a  range  of 
hills    called     Malvern^    which     appear 


328 


THE  GAEL. 


very  evidently  to  be  derived  from 
the  Gaelic  words  Meall-hhearn,  meaning 
"  the  indented  hills,"  and  describes  the 
appearance  of  these  hills  most  accu- 
rately. The  English  reader  is  reminded 
that  in  the  second  word  the  Ih  is  used 
as  V,  and  the  name  "  Malvern "  is 
nearly  identical  with  the  Gaelic.  Mr 
Edmunds  frequently  mentions  in  his 
work  that  the  Welsh  call  this  island  by 
the  word  "  Prydan,"  meaning  "  Bri- 
tain ; "  but  this,  instead  of  showing 
that  they  were  the  first  inhabitants, 
proves  ■  they  were  not ;  because  the 
oldest  name  for  it  is  "  Albion,''  and 
which,  of  course,  had  been  given  by 
a  prior  race,  namely,  by  the  Gaelic 
Celts,  who  came  over  from  Gaul  pro- 
bably centuries  before  the  "Welsh 
arrived,  and  they  (the  Welsh)  would,  ' 
no  doubt,  call  this  "  the  island  of  j 
Britain,''  if,  as  has  been  said,  they 
came  from  Brittany;  but  it  is  necessary 
to  consider  as  to  "  Albion,"  the  oldest  , 
name,  its  derivation,  and  to  what  I 
language  and  race  it  belongs.  The 
name  is  most  undoubtedly  a  corrupt 
spelling  o^  Alban,  which  is  compounded 
of  two  Gaelic  Avords,  namely,  "  All," 
meaning  ''  a  cliff,"  and  is  found  in  the 
topography  of  Scotland,  though  not 
used  now  in  common  speech.  All  or 
Aill  also  signifies  "a  cliff"  in  Irish,  and 
Mr  Joyce  tells  us  in  his  topographical 
work  (1st  edition,  p.  372)  is  found  all 
over  Ireland.  The  second  Gaelic  word 
is  the  well-known  one  "èa«,"  meaning 
"  white,"  the  two  together  signify 
"the  white-cliffs."  Now,  it  is  not 
possible  to  describe  the  coast  of  Eng- 
land opposite  to  France  more  accu- 
rately than  naming  it  the  land  of  "  the 
white  cliffs."  That  this  designation  was 
most  certainly  given  by  the  Celts  of 
Gaul  cannot  reasonably  be  doubted, 
because  the  Gael  have  ever  called  their 
country  Alban^  and  it  is  so  named  by 
all  Highlanders  up  to  this  very  hour, 
having  come  down  to  them  from  their 
forefathers — the  earliest  race  of  Celts 


who  came  into  Britain,  the  oldest  name 
for  which  was  "  Albion,"  derived  from 
Alhan. 

The  above  facts  are  fatal  to  the 
theory  of  the  "Welsh  being  the  first  race 
in  this  country ;  but  there  are  further 
proofs  that  they  are  not.  When  Ceesar 
arrived  in  Britain,  55  years  before 
Christ,  he  found  on  and  near  the  coasts 
a  different  race  than  those  he  met  with 
when  he  had  reached  the  interior ; 
these  last  were  the  original  inhabitants 
— the  Gael  of  "Alban"  or  *' Albion," 
and  the  former  the  Cymri  or  Welsh, 
who  .were  intruders  on  them.  These 
two  invasions  would,  of  course,  cause  a 
great  emigration  of  the  Gael  northward, 
and  westward  by  Wales,  Anglesea,  and 
Isle  of  Man  to  Ireland.  Another  very 
clear  and  strong  proof  that  the  Gael 
preceded  the  Welsh,  is  the  name  by 
which  they  design  them,  '■'■Gall  Breatari- 
naich,'"*  which  means  "  the  forciga 
Britons."  How  could  such  have  been 
given  them  unless  they  were  foreigners 
and  intruders  on  the  race  who  applied 
it  to  them  ?  Lastly,  a  well-known 
classical  historian,  Diodorus  Siculus, 
who  wrote  44  years  before  Christ, 
proves  that  the  inhabitants  of  Britain 
and  Ireland  were  derived  from  the 
Gauls.  This  important  fact  is  stated 
by  him  in  his  5th  book,  wherein  he 
says,  "Ferocitate  excellent  Galli  qui 
ad  arctum  remote,  sicut  Britanni  a 
quibus  Iris  (Ilibernia)  habitatur." 

There  has  now  been  laid  before  the 
reader  many  clear  proofs  that  the  Gael 
preceded  the  Welsh  race,  and  as  there 
are  no  facts  to  support  the  pretensions 
of  the  latter,  it  is  believed  that  all 
unprejudiced  persons  having  duly 
weighed  and  considered  the  evidence, 
will  decide  it  has  established,  that  the 
Gael  were  a  prior  race  in  Britain  to 
the  Welsh. 

James  A.  Robertson. 

*  Tlic  surname  of  "Galbraitb,"  is  derived 
from  these  Gaelic  words. 


Feb.,  1873. 


THE  GAEL. 


129 


GAELIC   PHILOLOGY. 

Notes  by  the  Rev.  Alex.  Cameron. 

{Continued  from  page  246.) 

8.  Beir,  tahhtir,  abav\  thuhhairt, 
deh-iin,  aoNiar,  diubhairt,  tohar,  cobhair, 
dtohair  or  dibir,  tohairt,  heart,  abar, 
inbhir,  comar ;  Gr.  (p'spoi ;  Lat.  fero ; 
Ger.  gebaren  (from  the  old  barea) ;  A. 
S.  beran;  Eng.  bear. 

These  words  are  all  from  the  root 
ler,  which  corresponds  to  the  Sanskrit 
Ihar.  Talhair=do-ad-biiir  (the  verb 
liur,  from  ber,  and  the  prefixes  do-ad; 
Di  Nigra's  T.  Glosses,  p.  33).  Abair= 
ad-biur,  in  which  ad  is  for  ath  or  aitJi. 
Thubhairt=ido-h&i'-t.  Deirim=do-bIieir- 
im  (Ebel's  Celtic  Studies  by  Sullivan, 
p.  137).  Aohharz=adbar=ath-ber  (Zeuss' 
G.  C,  p.  SG9).  Diubhairt  (defrauding) 
=di-od-ber-t.  Tobar=dG-od-ber  (Zeuss' 
G.  C,  p.  885).  Cobhair  (help)  is  from 
CO  and  ber.  Diobair  or  dthir  (forsake) 
is  from  di  and  ber.  lobairt  (anciently 
iubart,  edbart)=eiihGT  aith-bar-t  or  ind- 
od-bar-t  (Zeuss'  G.  C,  pp.  8G9,  885), 
in  which  bar=:ber.     Beart=iber-t. 

The  three  words  abar,  inbhir,  and 
coiuar  signify  the  same  thing — a  con- 
iluence,  and  are  derived  from  the  same 
root  ber.  Abarz=.adbar  or  atbar  (the 
prefix  ad  [cit'\  and  ber).  Inbhir  (anciently 
inber)  is  the  same  root  with  the  prefix 
in.  Comar  (cf.  O.  W.  cymerz=ciimber)=. 
com-bcr  (cf.  Zeuss'  G.  C.,  p.  148). 

The  above  analysis,  which  we  are 
confident  is  correct,  shows  that  the 
dispute  in  regard  to  the  use  of  abar 
and  inbhir  in  our  topography  cannot  be 
decided  by  an  appeal  to  their  etymo- 
logy, for  both  words  have  been  derived 
from  the  same  root,  and  their  prefixes 
ad  and  in  are  common  to  Welsh  and 
Gaelic. 

Ebel  thinks  that  the  aspirate  W, which 
distinguishes  bheirim  (I  give)  from  beirim 
(I  bear),  indicates  that,  according  to  the 
rule  by  which  consonants  flanked  by 
vowels  are  aspirated, è^«rwi  has  dropped 
a  prefix,  probably  do. 


The  aflauity  between  ber  and  Gr. 
tp'-fùo  and  Lat.  fero  is  obvious. 

9.  Mar  and  Gr.  /j^azpo;. 

Mòr  was  anciently  mar,  which  may 
be  compared  with  ;j.ay,p-og  as  deur  (an- 
ciently dcr)  may  be  compared  with  Gr. 
òà-/.p-v,  Goth,  tagr,  A.  S.  tear,  Eng. 
tear,  the  tenuis  h  (=:e)  disappearing  in 
both  examples  before  ;-.  (Cf.  Stokes' 
Ir.  Glosses,  p.  90). 

10.  Aithne,  ecne,  iongnadh,  ainm, 
gnàth  ;  vou:,  yiyjuiexu,  yviop/^co,  '6^J0,u.a  ; 
Lat.  nosco,  cognosco,  nomen,  gna]-us, 
gnavus,  notus;  Ger.  Jcennen,  Tcdnnen ;  A. 
S.  can,  cunnan,  cunning;  Eng.  Icnoiv, 
ken,  can,  ignorant,  name,  note,  cunning  ; 
Sansk.  gna,  ndman. 

These  words,  to  which  many  more 
might  be  added,  are  cognates,  although 
some  of  them  have  little  or  no  resem- 
blance to  each  other.  The  root  is  gen, 
originally  ga7i(Di  Nigra's  T.  G.  p.  26). 
Cf.  Sansk.  gna  (to  know). 

Aithne  (knowledge)  is  for  aithgne 
(==.aitK-gne),  which  is  formed  from  the 
root  gen  and  the  prefix  ailh.  Cf.  the 
ancient  forms  adge'nsa  (I  have  known), 
and  adgenafnmar  (we  have  knoAvn),  in 
which  ad  is  for  aiih  or  ath  (Zeuss'  G. 
C,  pp.  448,  450,  869).  Ecne  (know- 
ledge) is  from  aithgne  (Zeuss'  G.  C, 
pp.  869,  996),  and  is,  therefore,  iden- 
tical with  aithne.  Cf.  eagna  (wisdom), 
and  eagnaidh  (wise,  prudent).  Iongnadh 
(wonder)  was,  in  ancient  Gaelic,  ion- 
gnad,  which  is  compounded  of  in  priva- 
tive (Zeuss'  G.  C,  p.  860),  the  root 
gen  or  gan,  and  the  termination  ad. 
Ainm  (name)— zaiimin  (Zeuss'  G.  C,  p. 
lGS)=namin.  The  pi.  anmann,  for 
namann,  points  to  an  oi'iginal  stem 
namant  for  gnamant  (Di  Nigra's  T.  G., 
p.  68;  Zeuss'  G.  C,  p.  776),  with 
which  may  be  compared  nomen  for  gno- 
men,  co-gnomen,  agnomen  for  ad-gnomen, 
'mofj^a  (stem,  ^ o-nomatz=z  o-gnomat,  where 
-gnomat  corresponds  to  gnamant.  Gnàth 
is  from  the  same  root.  Cf.  gndd,  gndth 
(accustomed)  in  Zeuss'  G.  C,  pp.  73,  25, 
where  d=th,  and  the  substantive  gnds. 


330 


THE  GAEL. 


NO 02,  contr.  voZ:  (mind),  is  for  yvooc. 
Cf.  the  aor.  'syvuv,  also  yiyvuisy.u, 
yj'jjprC^u,  yvui//.r„  yvurc:,  all  from  the  root 
yvc-,  which  is  cognate  with  ffe7i. 
"ONAMA  (~  oyvoij.a)  is  from  the  same 
root. 

Nosco  is  for  gnosco,  nomen  for  gnomen^ 
and  notns  for  gnotus.  Cf.  co-gnosco 
(Curtius'  Gr.  Etym.)  To  the  same  root 
may  be  referred  also  gnarus  and  gnaviis 
(Curtius'  Gr.  Etym.) 

To  the  root  gen,  gan,  must  also  be 
referred  Ger.  Icennen  (to  know),  JcOnnen 
(to  be  able),  originally  identical  with 
Icennen  ;  A.  S.  can  (to  know,  to  be  able), 
cunnan  (to  ken,  to  know),  cunning  (ex- 
perience); Eng.  Icnoic,  ken,  can  (origin- 
ally, to  know),  ignorant  (from  ignoro. 
Cf.  ignanis-^in-gnarus),  name  (A.  S. 
nama,  Lat.  nomen),  note  (notus=gnotus), 
cunning  (A.  S.  cunning).  Cf.  Sansk.  gna, 
ndman. 

To  the  same  root  are  to  be  referred 
several  words  which  occur  in  jincient 
Gaelic,  as  adge'nsa,  adgeuin,  etarcnad, 
etargne  and  eiarcne,  etargeiuin,  ingne. 

11.  Cridhe  and  heart. 

Cridhe  (heart),  anciently  cride.  is 
cognate  with  »Sansk.  hrd,  abbreviated 
from  hard  (Bopp's  Glossary,  p.  449), 
Gr.  zapòia,  Lat.  cor,  cordis,  Goth. 
hairto,  Ger.  hertz, ,  A.  S.  heorte,  Eng. 
hea7't. 

C{K)  and  d  in  Gaelic  and  the  Classic 
languages  correspond  to  h  and  t  in  the 
Germanic  languages.  Examples — Lat. 
cornu,  Gr.  -/.psac,  Gael,  corn,  Ger.  horn, 
A.  S.  horn.  Eng.  ?iorn ;  Lat.  canis,  Gr. 
y.vu'j,  'Auvcg,  Gael,  ch,  coin,  con,  Ger. 
himd,  A.  S.  hund,  Eng.  hound;  Lat. 
dens,  dentis,  Gr.  oSooc,  òòovro;,  Gael. 
deud  (unc.  ^'.'0,  W.  c?«n<,  Goth,  tunthus, 
A.  S.  /oZ/i,  Eng.  tooth;  Gr. occKpy,  Gael. 
cZew?'  (anc.  d>'v),  AV.  ^%?-,  A.  S.  tear, 
Eng.  icrtr. 

12.  Og  and  young. 

Og  (anciently  6c)  corresponds  to  Old 
W.  ioucnc  (now  icuenc),  which,  when 
compared  with  Lat.  juvencus,  shows 
that  og  has  dropped  initial  j,  and  also 


n  before  the  tenuis  c.  that  the  tenuis 
has  passed  into  its  corres])onding  medial, 
and  that  the  vowels  have  coalesced  to 
form  long  a.  V  (=  v)  either  disappears 
or  is  included  in  the  diphthong  ou  of 
ionenc  and  ò  of  og.  (Zeuss'  G.  C,  pp. 
48,  106,  812,  and  Stokes'  Ir.  G.,  p.  93). 
The  connection  between  iouenc,  juv- 
encus, A.  S.  gc'ong,  and  Eng.  young,  is 
obvious. 

13.  Ntmhaid  and  enemy. 
Nàmhaid,  now  used  in  all  the  cases 

of  the  singular,  is  a  modernized  form 
of  the  dative  and  accusative  singular 
of  the  old  noun  nama,  which  was  thus 
declined — 

Sing.  Plur. 

N.  nama  namit. 

G.  namat  namat-n. 

D.  mlmit  nuimtib. 

A.  namit-n  ndimtea. 

Y.  a  nama  a  naimtea. 

Dual,  N.  and  A.  da  namit,  G.  da 
namat,  D.  dib  naimtib. 

These  forms  show  that  the  stem  of 
this  noun  is  namat,  and  by  comparing 
nama,  namat,  with  cava  (triend),  gen. 
carat,  and  with  "V^'.  carant  (relation, 
kin),  we  ascertain  that  namat  is  from 
namant=namantas=na-amantas  (Stokes' 
Ir.  G.,  p.  65),  which  corresponds  to 
ne-amantes,  from  7ie  (not),  and  a7no  (I 
love). 

Again,  enemy  is  from  Fr.  ennemi  (from 
Lat.  inimiciis,  compounded  of  in  nega- 
tive and  amicus,  from  amd). 

14.  Fiodh  and  ivood. 

Fiodli  (wood),  anciently  fid,  corre- 
sponds to  TV.  givydd,  to  which  O.  S. 
wida  and  A.  S.  xcudu  (from  which  wood 
is  derived)  are  related.  F  in  Gaelic 
and  gw  in  Welsh  frequently  correspond 
to  xi-  in  Anglo-Saxon  and  English. 
Examples — Flon,  gidn,  unnc  ;  feith, 
giveitio,  zvaif. 

15.  Soisgeid  and  gospel. 

Soisgeul  (gospel),  anciently  sosccle,  is 
compounded  of  so  or  su  (well,  good)= 
Sansk.  su  and  Gr.  s3.  and  sgeul  (tid- 
ings), ancientlv  scd. 


THE  GAEL. 


3ai 


Gospel    (^=godspeU)  is    compounded 

of  either  god  (God)  or  god  (good)  and 
spell  (tidings),  also  written  spel.  But 
p  and  c  frequently  interchange  (cf. 
pluma  and  cUimh  ;  plant  and  clann  or 
eland;  purpwa  and  corcur),  and,  there- 
fore, we  may  regard  spell  and  seel  a-s 
related,  although  the  long  vowel  of 
scH  seems  to  indicate,  as  noticed  by 
Zeuss  and  Stokes,  the  loss  of  a  con- 
sonant. 

(To  he  continued). 


NEWS  OF  THE  HIGHLANDS  A2sD 
ISLANDS. 

The  Ross-shire  Association  held  their 
annual  re -union  in  the  City  Hall,  Glasgow, 
on  Friday,  27th  December,  1872. — Kenneth 
Murray,  Esq.,  of  Geanies,  presided,  and 
was  accompanied  to  the  platform  by  many 
gentlemen,  some  of  them  all  the  way  from 
Ross- shire  to  partake  of  the  evening's  en- 
tertainment. The  progTamme  was  both 
varied  and  select,  and  highly  satisfactory. 
Aiiev  the  soiree,  a  fashionable  ball  took 
place. 

Inverness. — The  Gaelic  Society  of  In- 
verness held  their  annual  dinner  in  the 
Royal  Hotel,  on  Thursday,  the  26th 
December,  1872.  C.  F.  Mackintosh,  Esq., 
of  Drummond,  occupied  the  chair,  and 
about  the  table  might  be  seen  a  great 
number  of  the  town  worthies.  After 
dinner,  the  secretary  read  the  report, 
which  reflected  creditably  on  the  manage- 
ment of  the  society,  and  their  indefati- 
gable committee.  The  programme  of  the 
evening,  along  with  excellent  speeches, 
embraced  a  number  of  select  Gaelic  songs, 
all  of  which,  we  understand,  were  ren- 
dered to  the  thorough  satisfaction  of  the 
audience. 

Edinhurgii.  —  The  Mull  and  lona 
Association  in  Edinburgh,  held  their 
annual  re-union  on  the  evening  of  Old 
New- Year's  day.  The  chair  was  occupied 
by  D.  M'Phail,  Esq.,  of  this  city,  and 
author  of  "An  t-Eilean  Muileach,"  "A 
Dhomhnuill  bhig,  ho  hii.  ho  ho,"  and 
several,  other  popular  Gaelic  songs.  This 
meeti^  was  thoroughly  Highland,  not 
only  that  the  progxamme  was  embellished 
by  a  number  of  excellent  Gaelic  songs,  but 
also  the  chairman's  address  was  delivered 


in  the  melMuent  tones  of  the  language  of 
Muik  nam  mbr-hheann. 

Glasgow  Mull  and  Iona  Association. 
— The  Glasgow  Mull  and  lona  Association, 
held  their  annual  re -union  in  the  City  Hall, 
on  Thursday,  30  th  January.  The  hall  was 
quite  crowded.  R.  MacKmnon  delivered 
a  Gaelic  speech,  and  Gaelic  songs  were 
sung  to  the  entire  satisfaction  of  the 
audience.  jVIt  D.  Macpbee,  West  Nile 
Street,  and  Mr  R.  MacKinnon,  played  a 
selection  of  Highland  ans  on  the  bag-pipes 
— both  of  them  sustaining  their  well- 
earned  reputation. 

Messrs."  Blackwood  have  in  the  press  a 
History  of  the  Clan  Maclean,  collated  from 
various  MSS.  in  the  possession  of  the  late 
:Mr  ]Maclean  of  Ardgour,  and  annotated 
and  edited  by  the  Rev.  Alexander  Stewart 
of  Ballachidish. 

Inverness  Gaelic  Society.— The  fol- 
lowing are  the  office-baarers  for  1873: 

Ciiief—Clxmj  Macpherson  of  Cluny.  Chief- 
taiuii—Mx  Thomas  Mackenzie,  Mr  Alex. 
Dallas,  and  j\Ir  Alexander  Mackenzie. 
Honoranj  Secretanj — :Mr  John  Murdoch. 
Secretanj—Mv  "William  Mackay.  Trea- 
surer— 'Six  Duncan  Mackintosh.  "  Members 
of  Comicil — ÌMessrs  Charles  Mackay,  P. 
Mackintosh,  Duncan  Maclver,  G.  P.  Camp- 
bell, and  Alexander  Maclean.  Piper Pipe- 
Major  Maclenuan.  Librarian— Mv  Lachlan 
Macbean.  Bard—Mv  Angus  Macdonald. 
Beault-— New  Year's  Day,— There  are 
still  amongst  us  people  who  cling  to  the 
customs  of  their  forefathers.  A  grand 
shinty  match  was  held  at  Balblair,  in  the 
vicinity  of  the  village,  on  Old  New  Year's 
Day-  Sides  being  di-awn,  upwards  of  100 
stalwart  Highlanders  entered  the  lists,  and 
the  play  was  contested  with  great  vigour 
till  4  P.M.,  when  it  was  found  that  the 
players  were  so  equally  matched  that  no 
hail  was  made  on  either  side.  There  were 
upwards  of  200  spectators  present.  Ample 
refreshments  were  supplied  on  the  field  by 
Mr  INIaclean,  Teafrish,  Mr  Mackenzie, 
late  Lovat  Arms,  and  others,  and  at  the 
conclusion  jMr  Morrison,  Ord  Cellar, 
Beauly,  proposed  a  happy  new  year  to  aU 
present.  The  weather  was  fortunately 
favourable,  and  the  company  separated, 
resolved  to  hold  another  "of  the  same  on 
Old  New  Year's  Day,  1874. 

Glasgoav  Celtic  Socikty.— The  annual 
meeting  of  this  society  was  held  recently  in 
the  Religious  Institution  Rooms— Dr.  T. 


333 


THE  GAEL. 


D.  Buchanan,  vice-president,  in  the  chair. 
The  treasurer's  report  showed  that  the  funds 
of  the  society  amounted  to  £908  Vòs  7d, 
and  that  there  was  carried  to  the  capital 
account,  after  meeting  the  claims  against 
the  society  during  the  year,  about  £10. 

Akgvleshire  Societv. — At  the  annual 
meeting  of  this  society,  held  in  ^Maclean's 
Hotel,  Glasgow,  the  following  gentlemen 
were  elected  ollice- bearers  for  the  ensuing 
year  : — Honorary  President — The  Right 
Hon.  the  Marquis  of  Lorue,  M.P.  ;  Presi- 
dent— John  Wingfield  Malcolm,  Esq.,  of 
Poltalloch.  Directors — James  L.  Mackie, 
Alexander  MacXeil,LachlanCavan,Duucan 
Smith,  Neil  Sinclair,  J.  L.  IMacArthur, 
Duncan  ^lacMaster,  Alexander  Fleming, 
and  j\Iatthew  Bulloch.  Hugh  Stevenson, 
writer,  138  Hope-street,  secretary ;  and 
Colin  Campbell,  treasurer,  were  re-elected. 


TO  OUR  READERS. 
With  the  present  number  we  bring 
the  first  volume  of  T//e  Gael  to  a  close. 
The  success  of  the  enterprise  thus  far 
has  been  considerable,  though  not  quite 
sufficient  to  make  it  self-supporting; 
but  we  believe,  with  the  support  pro- 
mised, and  the  arrangements  made  for 
the  coming  volume,  the  matter  avìU  soon 
be  placed  in  a  different  position.  As 
to  our  success  in  producing  such  a 
periodical  as  our  countrymen  required, 
we  leave  our  readers  to  judge,  believing 
it  suliicient  for  us  to  mention  that 
among  many  others  the  following  Avell- 
known  Gaelic  scholars  have  contributed 
to  the  past  volume,  and  promised 
their  continued  co-operation  and  sup- 
port for  the  coming  year  : — The  Rev. 
Drs  ÌMaclauchlan,  Clerk,  and  Mackay  ; 
Rev.  Messrs  Cameron,  Renton  ;  Stew- 
art, Nether  Lochaber;  Blair,  Gl  '.sgow  ; 
Blair,  Nova  Scotia ;  Macgregor,  Inver- 
ness ;  Ross,  Rothesay ;  Macnish,  and 
Professor  Mackay,  Canada ;  Messrs 
Colonel  .James  A.  Robertson,  J.  F. 
Campbell,  Alexander  Nicolson,  Dr 
Stratton,  D.  C.  Macpherson,  Evan 
M'Coll,  I).  Macphail,  F.  D.  M'Donell, 
John   Campbell,  Lcdaig ;   Mary,  Mac- 


kellar,  John  White,  John  Murdoch 
P.  MacGregor,  John  Forbes,  &c.,  &c. 

To  these,  and  many  other  kind  friends 
who  have  assisted  us  in  procuring  sub- 
scribers and  in  other  ways,  we  tender 
our  most  sincere  thanks,  and  trust  that, 
with  their  continued  co-operation  and 
support,  the  forthcoming  volume  of 
The  Gael  will  be  found,  in  every  re- 
spect, what  we  aim  to  make  it,  a  publi- 
cation worthy  of  its  name. 

Our  programme  for  the  next  volume 
includes  several  new  features,  which  we 
hope  will  contribute  largely  to  its  value. 
Among  these  will  be  a  series  of  por- 
traits, with  biographical  sketches,  of 
eminent  Highlanders,  commencing  in 
the  next  number  with  a  portrait  and 
biographical  sketch  of  the  Rev.  Dr 
Mackay. 

Popular  Gaelic  songs,  with  music, 
will  form  another  feature,  and  in  our 
next  we  shall  give  a  set  of  "  Muilc 
nam  mor-bheann," 

The  first  number  of  Vol.  II.  will  be 
enlarged  to  40  pages,  and  shall  appear 
on  the  first  of  March,  in  various  ways 
improved. 

GAELIC  GRAMMAR. 
Among  other  valuable  contributions 
j  to  The  Gael,  during  the  coming  year, 
!  we  take  pleasure  in  announcing  a  series 
of  articles  on   Gaelic  Grammar,  by  the 
Rev.  Alexander  Cameron,  of  Renton. 
For  thorough  Gaelic  scholarship,   Mr 
Cameron  has  few  equals,  and  these  ar- 
ticles will  prove  a  most  valuable  aid  to 
those  desiring  a  knowledge  of  the  gram- 
matical structure  of  the  language.     The 
articles  will  be  illustrated  with  exam- 
ples and  precedents. 

ANSWERS  TO  CORRESPONDENTS 

Eriiata. — In  ]\Ir  Edmund's  letter,  in 
the  January  number,  for  "  ask  further," 
read  "seek  further;"  for  "  llannefch,  a 
dearing,"  read  "  llannerch,  a  clearhig  ;  " 
for  Tin-M'g,  portions  of  a  district,"  read 
"  Tin-wo',  fortress  of  a  district."' 


Fe"bruary. 


THE  GAEL  ADVERTISEMENTS. 


187 


CORRESPONDENCE. 

Niddry  Lodge, 
Kensington,  London,  W., 
December  27th,  1872. 
Sir, — Will  you  please  to  tell  your 
readers  that  as  soon  as  I  got  to  books 
and  to  Gaelic  scholars  better  informed 
than  myself,  I  told  you  all  I  knew 
about  the  old  song  which  you  printed, 
p.  260,  and  notice  p,  304.  Mr  Cameron 
says  that  Mr  Campbell's  copy  is 
"less  accurate"  than  M'Donald's.  I 
have  no  copy.  That  which  you  printed 
I  believed  to  be  an  exact  copy  of  the 
Duke  of  Argyll's  old  manuscript, 
and  so  I  said.  I  could  not  judge  the 
relative  correctness  of  M'Donald's 
printed  text  of  1776,  without  the  testi- 
mony of  the  deceased  bard  of  1569  ; 
I  could  not  get  that  evidence  Avithout  a 
Medium,  so  I  did  not  judge  these 
ancient  authorities.  So  far  as  I 
remember  M'Donald's  rare  work,  the 
various  readings  quoted  by  Mr  Came- 
ron are  correctly  given.  For  his 
trouble  and  notice  we  all  owe  him 
thanks,  and  I  beg  you  to  express  mine. 
I  am,  your  obedient  servant, 

J.  F.  Campbell. 


IMEICH    GU    ONTARIO. 


THA  Uchdranacli  ]\Ior-roinn  Ontario  (no 
max  theirte  roimhe  seo  "  Canada  an 
lar  ")  a  nise  'toirt  aiseag  saor  doluchd-imrich 
do  'n  dutbaich  sin.  Gheobh  mninntir  iomch- 
aidh  an  t-aiseag  bho  Ghlaschu  gu  aite  sam  bith 
a  dh-Ontario  air  son  ceithir  puinnd  's  a'  coig  ; 
agus  clann  air  leth  prise.  Gheobh  iadsan  a 
phaidheas  ceithir  puinnd  'sa'  coig  air  son  an 
aisig  ceithir-tastain  fhichead  a's  ochd  sgillinn 
air  ais,  bho  Uachdranachd  Ontario,  an  deigh 
dhoibh  a  bhi  tri  miosan  'san  dutbaich  sin ;  ach 
feumaidli  muinntir  a  bhios  airson  an  airgid 
seo  fhaighinn  air  ais,  teisteanas  f haotainn  aig 
an  ard  office  an  Glascbu,  43  Sraid  York.  Tha 
'n  dutbaich  a'  soirbheachadh.  Tha  pailteas 
oibre  ri  faotainn,  deagh  thuarasdail,  agus 
fearann  saor  do  mhuinntir  a  dh'fhanas  'san 
dutbaich.  Airsontuille  fiosracbaidh,  sgriobh 
gu  Alasdair  BEGG,  a  tha  mach  bho 
Uachdranachd  Ontario  gu  eòlas  a  thoirt  do 
lucbd-imrich. 

Glaschu,  an  Ciad  Mios,  1873. 


Nov}  Beady,  in  Crovm  8i'o,  Price  3d,  or  jier 
Post  Z\d, 

AM    FEILLIRE; 

THE  GAELIC  ALMAXAC  FOR  1873. 

IX  addition  to  aU  the  requisites  of  a  Use- 
ful AL:MAXAC,  it  contains  the  Births 
and  Deaths  of  the  most  celebrated  High- 
land Bards,  the  Karnes  of  the  Chiefg, 
Badges,  War  Cries,  &c.,  of  the  Clans. 
Xow  in  print  for  the  iirst  time. 

Copies  to  he  had  on  application. 

IxvEKXESS :  John  Xoble,  98  Castle  Street. 

Glasgow  :  Xicolson  &  Co. 

EdixbueGH  :  Maclachau  &  Stewart. 


Mas  toigh  leat  Gaidhlig  chairdeil,  thlath. 

Mar  labhair  Adhamh  'n  tùs  i, 
No  'n  tea  5s  fhearr  'tha  nail  an-  sal, 

Gun  dhU  ruig  Iain  MacDhomhnuill. 


TEAS,  FAMILY  GROCERIES, 

A>-D 

PURE    OATMEAL. 

THE  Subscriber  supplies  Families  through- 
out the  Highlands,  with  excellent  value 
in  the  above  Articles.  Country  Orders  from 
all  parts  of  the  Highlands  and  Western  Isles, 
will  be  forwarded,  carefully  packed  with  the 
least  possible  delay. 

JOHN    MACDONALD, 

WHOLESALE  and  FAMILY  GROCER, 
E  X  C  H  A  X  G  E, 


Tha  tea,  siucair,  mion-cborc'  a's  gach  aon 
ni  a  dh'  fheumas  teaghlach,  an  còmhnuidh 
aig  IMac-DhòmhnuiU  'na  bhùth ;  agus  tha  e 
aig  gach  am  deas  gu  'chur  a  dh-ionnsaidh  a 
cbairdean,  araon  anns  a'  bhaile  's  anns  an 
dutbaich — eadhon,  gu  ruig  aon  sa  bith  de 
cheithir  eileanan  fichead  Innse-Gall.  Gach 
neach  leis  a  miannach  deagh  luach  fhaigh- 
inn, ruigeadh  e  Mac-Dhomhnuill. 

GOEDON'S  LIVERT  STABLES, 


CAMPBELL  TOWN,  WANGANUL 

BUGGIES,  Carriages,  aud  Saddle  Horses  al- 
waj-s  on  hire  at  a  moment's  notice.  Wedding 
parties,"with  or  withoiitpostilions.  Picnic  and  Ex- 
cursion Parties  supplied  with  vehicles  and  careful 
sober  drivers,  on  reasonable  terms.  Horses  aud 
Carriacres  bought,  sold,  and  exchanged.  Horses 
carefuiiy  broken  to  liaruess. 

CHARLES  GORDON,  Proprietor. 


February, 


THE  GAEL  ADVERTISEMENTS. 


1873 


NOTICE  TO  EMIGRANTS 

FROM 

SCOTLANDJOJANADA, 

ALLAN   LINE., 

The  Steamers  of  the  ALLAN  LINE  resumed 
their  Direct  Sailings  from 

6IASG0W  10  QUEBEC, 

IN  APRIL  1872, 

ASD  WILL  CONTINUE  TO  SAIL 

Every  WIM  iimiM  Ik  Season, 

Passage    Money. 

Cahiii— To  Quehec,  -         £13  13s. 

„  To  rortland,  Boston  or  New- York,  £14  Us. 
Intermediate,— To  Quebec,  Portland,)   ^q  q„ 

BOSTON  OR  NEW-YORK,  ) 
Steerage— To  Quebec,  Portland,)  ^n  />„ 

BOSTON  OR  NEW-YORK,  \ 


mm'  mi  of  msaimiic 

STEAM  PACKET  SHIPS 

FR03I 

GLASGOW  <fe  LOiNDONDEUUY 


NEW-YORK. 

HALIFAX,  N.S.  AND  ST.  JOfliYN.B 


SAILING  REGULARLY  FOR  NE^Y-YORK^ 

(Unless  prevented  by  unforeseen  circumslanets.)  j 

From  GLASGOW— 

Every  Saturday  and  Alternate  Wednesday, 
And  from  LONDONDERRY  tlie  foUowing  days 


These  Steamers  offer  the  best  opportunity 
for  Passengers  wishing  to  proceed  to  Canada, 
as  they  are  landed  at  the  Railway  Wharf  at 
Quebec,  in  the  Dominion,  and  are  thence 
forwarded  to  all  the  principal  Stations 
imiTiediatcly  after  disembarkation. 

Passengers  wishing  to  proceed  to  the 
Western  States  and  Territories  of  the  Union, 
and  to  California,  can  be  booked  by  Quebec, 
as  cheaply,  and  carried  to  destination  as 
expeditiously  as  by  any  other  Line. 

Dietary  Bills,  and  full  information  as  to 
Through  Tickets,  Berth,  Accommodation, 
&c.,  and  Rates  for  Children,  may  be  had  on 
application  to 

mil  và  iimmi  alias, 

70  Great  Clyde  Street,  Glasgow. 


FOR  HALIFAX,  N.S.  AND  ST.  JOHN,  N.B 

AT   EEGULAR  INTERVALS 

throughout  the  season. 

Passengers  Booked  at  Tbrougb  Rates  to  a! 
parts  of  the  United  States,  Canada,  Nova 
Scotia  and  New  BRUNSWicK,at  Lowest  Fare? 


FARES:- 
SALOON  CABIN,  TWELVE,  THIRTEEN 
FOURTEEN,  AND  FIFTEEN  GUINEAS 

{According  to  Accommodation  and  Situation  of  berths). 

To  New-York,  Boston,  Baltimore, 

auebec,  Halifax,  N.S.  and  St  John  N.E 

Intermediate,       -        -     Eight  Guinea^ 
Steer.vge,     -        ■        -      Six  Guineas. 


For  further  particulars,  apply  to 

HANDYSIDE  &  HENDERSO 


9  Union  Street,  Glasgow,  an. 

30  FOYLE  STBEET,  LOKDONPECrv 


Februaiy, 


THE  GAEL  ADVERTISEMENTS. 


187S 


ALEX.  GLEN  &    SON, 

SrANUFACTURERS    OF 
AND    PUI3LISHERS    OF 

BAGPIPE       MUSIC, 

To  Her  Majesty's  Highlanders, 

IG  CALTON  HILL, 

(Late  of  St.  Andreiv''s  Square,) 

E  D  I  N  BUR  G  H. 

BAGPIPES  on  hand  or  made  to  order  at 
prices  varyini?  from  £2  10s.  to  £30;  The 
<ireat  Highland  or  Military  Bagpipe,  (most 
in  use)  made  of  Ebony,  or  Cocus  Wood,  full 
mounted  with  Ivory,  £8.  Bagpipes  repaired, 
and  Reeds,  Chanters,  and  other  parts  furnish- 
ed to  order. 

Messrs.   GLEN  &  SON   also  publish  the 

following  Bagpipe  Music: 

Bagpipe'^futor,  containing  1 00  Tunes,  correct- 

edby AngusJI'Kay,  Piperto  HerMajesty,4s. 

Ditto  fourth  edition,  containing  15-3  Tunes, 

Edited  by  Angus  M'Kay,  6s. 
New  ColidCtion  by  John  M'Lachlan,  contain- 
ing 120  Tunes,  6s. 
New  Collection  by  Alex.  Glen,   containing 
120  Tunes,  fis. 

Descriptive  List,  containing  further  parti- 
culars, List  of  Prices,  &c.,  sent  on  application. 


Tha  Mr.  A.  Glen  agus  a  Mhac  a'  deanamh 
phioban  inòrao  cheann  fliada,  agusthaanobair 
aca  mar  sin  air  a  dcarbhadh  agus  air  a  h-aith- 
neachadh  am  raeasg  na  cuid  a's  ftiirr's  an 
diithaich  de  'n  t-seòrsa. 


IMRICH  GU   NEW    ZEALAND. 

rs^HA  UACHDARANACHD  NEW  ZEAL- 
L  AND  a'  toirt  cuideachadh  Faraidh  do 
Luchd  ObairFearainn,  agus  Ròidean  laruinn, 
do  Threabhaichibh,  Chilieiribh,  agus  do 
blieagan  Luchd  cèirde  dùthcha. 

Do  BnoiRioNNAicii  òga  air  son  seirbhis 
tighe,tha  Aiseag  air  a  thoirt  gun  phiiidheadh 
roimh  l^imh. 

Air  son  eòlais  mu  na  cùmhnantaibh,  sgrlobh 
gu,  no  faic  f($in  aig  'office  Am  Fear-Ionaid 
€oitchionn  (Agent-Geneial)  air  son  New 
iiealand,  aig  7  Westminster  Chambers,  Vic- 
toria Street,  Westminster,  London,  S,  W. 


5LVNUFACTURER  OF 

HIGHLAND    BAGPIPES, 

171  WEST  NILE  STREET, 
GLASGOW. 


Great  Higlilaixl  Bagpipes,  made 
of  ebony,  full-mounted  with  ivory,  £S 
do.  half-mounted  with  silver,  IG 
do.  full-mounted  with  silver, 
Ornamented,  Chased,  or  Engraved,  30 
Half  size  as  above,  £5,  £10,  &  18 
Miniature  Pipe, 


Practising  Chanter,  0/,  7/G,  &  0  10/ 

Large  Pipe  Chanters,  1     0/ 

Half  size,         do.  0  15/ 

Gunn's'Pipe  Music,  the  best  and  most 
complete  collection  of  Strathspeys,  Heoh, 
Jigs,  &c  ,  ever  published,  bound  in  cloth, 
6/,  stiff  covers,  5/. 

TiTA  Mr.  MacPhi  e  f hein  aithnichte  's  an  duthaioli  mar 
shar-f  hear-cluiche  air  a'  Phiob-Whòir,  agus  tha  e  uima 
sÌQ  eòlach  air  gach  gnè  agus  beart  a  tha  air  son  a  dean- 
amh coimhliont'  air  son  ciuil;  aguscha'n'eil  Piob  'sain 
bith  a'  fàgail  na  btith  aige,  gun  a  bhi  ah-  a  dearbhadh 
an  toiseach  leis  fein  agus  tha  e  mar  sin  a'  dol  an  urras 
air  gach  te  a  ni  e  a  bhi  anns  gach  dòigh  ceart. 


^-^•.te  p 


MIGRATION  TO  AMERICA. 


Passengers  Booked  by  all  Line 
of  Steamers  leaving  this  and  other  Ports,  lo 
NEW  YORK,  QUEBEC,  BOSTON,  isc 
Through  Tickets  issued  to  any  ])art  o 
America  and  California,  at  Lowest  Rates. 
For  further  information,  apjily  to 

R.  MITCHELL, 

m'  Observe  the  Address, 

178  Broomielaw,  GLASGOW 
OiFJCE    Hours: — From    10   a  m.  till  8  p. in 
every  day,  except  Sunday. 


IMRICH    GU    AMERICA. 

Tha  Luchdlmrich  air  an  gabhail  leis  gach 
buidheann  Steamers  a'  lagai!  a'  phuirt  so, 
agus  phort  eile,  air  son  dol  gu  NEW  YORK, 
QUEBEC,  BUSTON,  6ke.  Tha  Tickets  uir 
son  fad  na  slighe  do  iiite  'sam  bith  an 
Americano  an  California  air  an  toirt  seaehud 
aig  a'  phris  a's  isle. 

Air  son  tuilleadh  eolais  sgrlobh  gu 

R.    MITCHELL, 
jes°  Thoir  faiuear  an  t  àite, 

178  Broomielaw,  GLASGOW. 

The 'Office  fosgailte  o  dheich  iiaireau  's  a. 
mhaduinn  gu  nchd  'san  fheasgar  a'  h-uile  lli, 
ach  lii  na  Siibaid. 


,biuni^-.  THE  GAEL  ADVERTISEMENTS.  I873 


CO 


€^ 


2  ''B*  CD 


i 


MAODOtra-AX.!.   I5   CO. 

Uespectfully  solicit  attention  to  the  largest  and  most  varied  assortment  of  SCOTCH  GOODS  !i; 
tlie  Kingdom,  for  which  their  Establishment  has  been  so  long  famed,  and  for  which  we  wereiawardei'. 
a  Tikst-Class  Piuze  Medat.  in  tlie  Great  International  Exhibition  of  1852.  "^ 

THE  IIIGIILAND  COSTUME  complete  and  correct,  with  all  the  necessary  Highland  Orna- 
ments, as  we  have  the  honour  of  regularly  supplying  to  the  English  and  French  Courts. 

THE  FAIMOUS  HIGHLAND  CLOAK,  for  which  we  have  long  been  famed,  and  only  supply 
iu  the  correct  style. 

FOll  DEEÌl  STALKING  &  GEOUSE  SHOOTING  an  endless  variety  of  the  most  approved 
Fabrics  for  Mountain,  Moor,  and  Eiver,  including  our  old  Standard  Patterns  so  well  known  to  al! 
Sportsmen. 

FOR  TOWN  WEAR  an  immense  variety  of  the  most  delightful  Textures  in  Heather,  Granite 
Stone,  and  other  Plain  and  Fancy  Patterns. 

LINSEY  WOOLSEYS  in  Snperb  Qualities,  and  the  Newest  Shades  and  Patterns,  for  Ladic<' 
Town  and  Country  wear, 

TAP.TANS,  TWEEDS,  and  SCOTCH  POPLINS,  in  exquisite  Textures  for  Ladies' Dresses,, 
Cloaks,  Jackets,  Dressing -Gowns,  Riding  Habits,  &c.,  &c. 

SHAWLS,  PLAIDS,  CLOAKS;  JACKET.^,  An  unrivalled  selection  of  Real  (Undyed)  Vicuana 
Sliawls,  Plaids,  .lackets,  &o.,  Fine  Knitted  Shetland  Shawls  and  Hosiery  —  Decr-StaUcing 
Hoods,  Caps,  an^l  j^'onchos  ;  Railway  Wrappers  ;  Kilt  and  Knickerbocker  Hose,  Stalking  Hats,  lìon- 
1  ets,  Caps,  Gloves,  Handkerchiefs,  Scaifs,  Waterproof  Coats,  Capes,  Leggings,  &c. 

TWEEDS  DESIGNED  and  MADE  to  suit  any  particular  District. 

THIN  SCOTCH  TWEEDS  and  FLANNELS  specially  prepared  for  Tropical  Climates,  modi - 
call}'  declared  to  be  more  healthy  than  either  Cotton  or  Linen  Fabrics. 

CARPETS,  CRUMBCLOTILS,  HORSECLOTHS,  BEDCOVERS,  &c.,  made  in  all  the  Clan 
Tartans, 

PATTERNS  and  FORMS  for  Self-Measurement  Free  per  Post. 

GOODS  FORWARDED  to  LONDON  and  the  PROVINCES  Free  of  Carriage,  and  to  ALU 
PARTS  of  the  WORLD,  without  Risk  to  the  Sender. 

GREAT  ATTENTION  given  to  the  prompt  and  exact  execution  of  all  Orders.. 

INSPECTION  INVITED-MACDOUGALL  &  CO.,  Manufacturers  to  Her  Bl.ijesty  and  tl,. 

Royal  Family,  their  Royal  Highnesses  the  Prince  and  Princess  of  AVales,  and  the 

Com  ts  of  France,  Russia,  Prussia,  and  Spain 

THE  ROYAL  CLAN  TARTAN  AND  TWEED  WAREHOUSE,  Inverness,  and  42  Sackvilic 

Street  (3  Doors  Off),  Piccadilly,  London. 


i