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IGENEALOGY
'929. 102
F91FRI
1896-1897
THE
IFIEHHSriB
Religious and Literary Journal
VOLUME LXX
PHILADELPHIA:
PRINTED BY WILLIAM H. PILE'S SONS
189 7.
INDEX.
About Portland and the Merrimac's side. Extract en-
titled. 52.
Abyssinia. Ancient Christian manuscripts known to
be preserved in, 322.
Address of admiration from peace women in
France to Menelik, King of, 364.
Africa. Curious supei-stition in, 4.
On the difficulties attending trarellei-s in, 15. 47.
50.
Salt in, 50.
J^otice of a recent exploring party under \Vm.
A. Chanler, in Eastern, 91. 9S.
Belief in CJod, among uneducated natives of, 93.
Witchcraft among Liberian tribes in, 109.
The sass-wood ordeal among natives of, 114. 122.
Notice of the Great Kift Valley in Eastern, 116.
The debt of Christendom to, 116.
Protective mimicry by insects in, 126.
Notice of the diminution of game in, 157.
The flora of East, especially adapted to endure
draught, 166.
Self-sacrificing spirit of a native of South, 199.
Slavery abolished in the Niger territories in, 367.
Notice of proposed Christian settlements in, by
the Philadelphia African League, 407.
Against accepting ofteringsfrom the injurious, 362.
Agnostic an equivalent of ignoramus. The word, 43.
Agriculture. Notice of the discovery of phosphate rock
in Central Tennessee, 191.
Why the value of farms is depressed, 197.
Allen Charles. Lines on the character of, 244.
Andrews Isaac. Earlv religious experience and call to
the ministry of, 141. 146.
Answer. The value of an honest and definite, 340.
Appeal to professing Christians respecting the attitude
of the church in regard to war, 30.
Apprehensiveness. On the " disease " of, 27.
Arbitration. The belief of CJeneral Grant in the ulti-
mate adoption of, in settling international
disputes, 386.
Notice of the Lake Mohonk Conference on In-
ternational, 39S.
Arbitration treatv between tlie United States and Great
Britain.' Notice of the, 223. 247. 279.
Memorial of the Meeting for Sufierings in Phila-
delphia respecting the, 247.
Encouraging prospects for the adoption of, 263.
Are we growing ? Essay entitled, 333. 341.
Arctic regions. Behavior of ordinary candles in the, 302.
Armenians. Remarks on the cruel treatment of, bv
Turkey, 12S. ISO.
Arnold Dr., of i4ugby. Remarks of, on lalioring for the
good of othere through Jesus Christ, 117.
Art does not promote, but hinders true Christianity, 372.
Assvriology and tlie higher criticism of the Pentateuch.
Extract entitled, 134.
"Asonewliom his mother comforteth." Extract en-
titled, 79.
At the spring. Essay entitled, 221.
Atlantic mail service. The, 82.
Atonement of Jesus Christ. The views of Friends re-
specting the, 292. 298.367.
Australia. Rains after dry seasons in, 53.
Frogs in, 301.
Austria. Tlie curse of militarism in, 333.
Avalanche Basin, Mont. Description of, 55.
Awbrey Martha. Brief mention of, 60.
Babylonia. Recent researches in ancient, 198.
Backhouse Jame.s. Remarks on the character of the
ministry of, 370.
Bakers in Philadelphia. The just grievance of, res-
pecting working on the First-day of the week, 155.
Balderston Samuel F. Letter of, 153.
An account of the life and religious character of,
261.
Bank notes i.ssued in the United States mistaken for
pictures, 115.
Banks of the Pensaukin. Essay entitled, The, 60.
Banks John. Remarks of, on attending London Yearly
Meeting in 1675, and comments, 303.
Baptism with water. The teaching and practice of, a
cause of stumbling to many, 166.
Baptismal regeneration. Comments of C. H. Spurgeon
on, 284.
Barclay Home. Third Annual Report of the, 222.
Barker Daniel. A brief account of the life of, 156. 162.
Remarks on tlie character of, by the Editor, 162.
Beede Huldah M. Epistle of, to Kansas Yearly Meet-
ing in 1S96, 269.
Settle Jane. Lines on the character of, 244.
Bettle Samuel (senior). Reminiscences of, 386.
Bevan John of Radnor, Pa. Brief mention of, 59.
Bevan Barbara. Brief mention of, 59.
Bilboes. Notice of punishment by the, 196.
" Billy Bray" a Cornwall miner. " Anecdote of, 346.
Birds. An indignation meeting of, 23.
Notice of some, rarely observed in Eurliugton
County, N. J., 402. 413.
Book notices, etc. Indwelling of the Holy Spirit, by
Andrew Jilurray. 8.
Appeal to Professing Christians in Regard to
War, by Friends in Philadelphia, 30. 111. 355.
Memoirs of Stephen Grellet, stereotype edition,
80. 175. 248.
Through Jungle and Desert, 91. 98.
The Tract Repository, 191.
The Story of My Life, bv William Taylor, 204.
George Fox, by Thomas Hodgkin, 236. 239. 280.
Essays on the Principles of Morality, by Jona-
than Dymond (abridged edition), 247, 248.
Reprint of the vision of Joseph Hoag, 280.
Annual Report of the Evangelical Alliance of
the United States, 303.
Report of "Friends Freedmau's Association,"
335.
The Excellent Priviledge of Liberty and Prop-
erty (reprint), 338.
Memorial of Clarkson Sheppard, 367.
Memorial of Rebecca S. Conard, 367.
In and Beyond ihe Himalayas, 372.
On the low state of medical knowledge among
the heathen, etc., bv G. D. Dowkontt, M. D.,
407.
Circular tf the Philadelphia African League,
407.
Boston teamsters as a class above the average of labor-
ing men, 140.
Boy. The reason why a, declined fishing, 21.
How a, measured a tree, 158.
Boys' brigades. An appeal to professing Christians
against, 30.
Practical illustration of the harmful eflects of,
274.
Bridges. Notice of long, 294.
Brown Phebe H. On the religious character of, 123.
Browning Dorcas P. Some account of the last illness
and death of, 412.
Building's. Disadvantages from high, 255.
Burns Robert. The writings of. lower the standard of
morality, 13S.
Burritt Elihu. Remarks of, on the Quakers, 238.
Incident illustrating the mastery of languages
by, 264.
Burrough Edward. Account by, of the meetings for
worship of the early Friends, 190.
Account of the convincement of, 211.
Business. Pereonal integrity the basis of, 59.
The character of John Woolmau in, 187.
Remarks on giving undue attention to, 284.
347.
Remarks on truthfulness in, bv C. H. Spurgeon,
285.
man. Remark of a, on resting, 291.
On resisting temptation in, entitled, "The En-
amel Flower," 383.
Bussell Grace. Brave deed of, in rescuing forty-eight
shipwrecked persons, 395.
Buttons with mottoes encouraging vulgarity and slang.
Notice of eflbrts to suppress, 230.
Caged lion. Essay entitletl. The, 356.
Cain Quarterly Meeting. A visit to, 154.
Cambridge, Mass., a citv without saloons. Account of,
366.
Canada. Exposure of travellers in the hyperborean
parts of, 300.
Cannibal Islands. Notice of John F. Hobbs, the king
of the, 69.
Capital punishment. The passage of a Federal law,
restricting, to two ofiences, 237.
Letter of N. M. Curtis, the author of the act
abolishing, 311.
Instances of the unjust sentence of, 337.
Card playing and the game of " nations." On, 397.
Carrington Joseph. Incidents in the ministry of,
396.
Cartoons representing tlie consequences of dissipation
and vice, 06.
Casson Hodgson. Incident in the life of, 125.
Cat. How a, saved a prisoner's life, 236.
Chalmers. Anecdote of, 124.
Character. Remarks on the development of, entitled
"Room at the top," 391.
Charitable organizations. Notice of the refusal by
certain, of money acquired disreputably, 362.
Children. Brief account of Gieorge Smith of England,
the friend of, 375.
Advice of Loudon Y'early Meeting in 1723, in
reference to the education, etc., of, 117.
Religion in, often choked by the love of dress.
etc., fostered by their mothers, 146.
The necessity of great care in conversation be-
fore, 246. ■
Keep your word with the, 330.
China. The establishment of a medical hospital in,
aided by Li Hung Chang, 61. 131.
Christianity in, hindered by the loose morals of
Europeans, 158.
Missionaries in, providentially relieved, 415.
Chinese. Marriage customs among, 45.
A description of a piano by a, 50.
On the worship of ancestors by the, 68.
The demoralizing effects of certain feasts among
the, 79.
Christ. The operations of the light of, in the heart,
43. 98.
Testimony of Dr. Arnold respecting, 55.
The testimony of Friends to the Divinity of,
147.
To know, the essential part of Gospel teaching.
147.
The work of, in the fiesh maintained by Friends,
as well as the manifestation of, by his Spirit
in the heart, 151.
Remarks on the necessity of submitting to, to
experience a growth in religion, 181.
The blessed effects of abiding in, 182.
On the suflerings and death of, for the salvation
of man, 230.
The views of Friends respecting the atonement
of, 292. 298. .367.
On the necessity of being engrafted into, 357.
Eflectual prayer must be in the name or power
Christian life. 'The silent influence of an humble, 103.
Christians. Extract entitled, " What are, for," 30.
The lives of, a powerful agency for good, 47.
Men not to be made, by suppressing the truth, 194.
Christianity. Practical, defined, 139.
The" acceptance of, in India and China hindered
by the loose morals of Europeans, 158.
The progress of, hindered by the attractions of
" art," 372.
Chrisliansburg Institute. Appeal on behalf of the, 181.
Church. Water baptism and the supper a hindrance
in the, 166.
On the discipline by which the Lord prepares
his servants for usefulness in the, 199.
organizations. Legal decision respecting, 171.
A vision respecting the professing, 262.
Remarks of Charles H. Spurgeon on the im-
propriety of calling a steeple-house a, 277.
C'liiircli. Remarks of Isaac Penington on tlie difJerent
degrees of wisdom and strengtli in members
of tlie, 2S7.
Against accepting oiierings by tlie, from tlie
injurious, iH'yl.
eaters in North Carolina. Account of, 251.
;ol]e-e secret fraternities. Remarks on, 323.
red people. The work of the Peabody and Slater
funds for the education of the, in the Southern
States, 190.
On the wav for, to get their rights, 21S.
Relief of the, at Beaufort, S. L'., 29.x
Colorado. How the women vote in, 11-5.
River. The grand canyon of the, 1-54.
'ommunion with God, indispensable to the Christian,
omplimeutary expressions often falsehoods, 220.
Jonscience money. Extract entitled. 111.
Ilontentment. On the virtue of, 27.
L'ope David. Remark ou the lively ministry of, 3-56.
Account by, of the ministry of J. Simpson, 406.
'ope Morris. Account by, of his last visit to Isaac
Hayes, 139.
Anecdote of, 150.
Remarks on the character of, 361. 401. 409.
'ope Samuel. Remarks on the Christian character of,
84.
ountrj-. The real progress of a, does not depend so
much on its form of government as upon the integ-
rity of its people, l.s2.
Xivetousness. Remarks on, 124.
Msis. Remarks on the present condition of oi
try, entitled. A, 149.
>osbie Archibald and other Friends in Scotland, 118.
Irosby Howard. Anecdote of the late, 69.
)rater Lake, Oregon. Account of, 266.
Mme. The lessening of, in Kansas, due to prohibition
of the liquor tralEc, 157.
Statistics of, in connection with intemperance, 206
The responsibility of the press in regard to, 210,
Newspapers, etc., which directly foster, 260.
in James. Lines on the character of, 236.
resson Sarah. Lines on the character of, 236.
Dup and the fountain. Extract entitled. The, 202.
prions lamps in the animal kingdom, 132.
Currency. Remarks on the distresis in England, caused
by disorders in the, 163.
Remarks on the unsoundness of an inflated, 170.
David. Remarks on the character of, 308.
Davis John. Notice of the discipline by which, was
prepared for usefulness in the church, 199.
Day at Matherton, Beaufort, S. C. A, 293.
3ean EUwood. Reminiscences of, and remarkable in-
cidents in the life of the late, 182. 246.
Death. Remarks on the prospect of, by a young
woman, and salutary counsel in connection
therewith, 114.
of several valued members of Philadelphia
Yearly Meeting. Remarks dh the, 215. 234.
John C. Allen, 144 ; William Henry Brown,
Jane Baldwin, 176; Sarah J. Brickell, 184-
Jonathan Briggs, 280 ; Abigail D. Coppock, 48 ;
Henry Coat, 56; Caroline DeCou, 56; Edward Y
Cope, 120; Milton Carter, 136; William A. Cook,
144; John Canby, 216; Richard Chambers, 288-
James R. Cooper, 296; Elizabeth B. Cooper, 296-
Richard Cadbury, 296; Mary A. Chappell, 304-
Sarah H, Cresson, 312 ; Larina E. Carter, 376 ; Sarah
B. Chambers, 416 ; Catharine Darlington, 160 ■ Wm
U. Ditzler, 240; Jos. Edg., 24; Elizabeth H. Eddy,
64 ; Anna M. Edgerton, 248 ; Hannah Evans, 280 ;
Mary Eavenson, 352 ; James C. Forsrthe, 64; Anna
Wilbur Foster, 312; Marshall Fell, 360; Lydia A.
Geiger, 64; Damaris Gardiner, 112; Huldah Hoag,
64; Dillon Haworth, 112; Ruth Anna Hiatt, 144-
Mary H. Holgate, 248; Ellwood O. Hinshaw, 280-
Maria R. Hirst, 328; Mary J. Hawley, 360; Mary
K. Jackson, 403; Elizabeth Kirbv, 224 ; Sarah Lea-
vens, 216; Amy Lear, 320; Esther H. Mendenhall
208; William B. Mason, 264; Jane Morris, 272 ; Jane
Morns, 296 ; Caleb Mills, 336 ; Thomas Moore, 360;
^eo- R. McClueti, 408; Caroline Osborn, 48 ; Thos. p'.
Deatlis.-
Outland, 136 ; Martha Ann Outland, 136 ; Griselda
M Rarker, 136 ; Rachel B. Price, 304; Sarah K. Pow-
ell, o84; Ehzabeth T. Rhodes, 40 ; Joseph Rhoads,
104 ; LydiaRoberts, 184 ; Esther Roberts, 192 ; Eliza-
beth Russell, 296 ; Geo. Sharpless, 24 ; Jane H. Sears,
48 ; Abigail SchoBeld, 64 ; Eliza Stock, 72 ; Sarah r!
Scott, 136; David Stover, 264; Charles H. Shoe-
maker, S64 ; J. Lindley Stanton, 304 ; George Sharp-
less, 320 ; Sarah M. Tatum, 80 ; J. Gardiner Taylor
INDEX.
152; John Thomas, 240; IsiiIipI Th ,., ;:,;,,: Eliza
Taylor, 368; Isaac Vernon, :;;- I ill: II Warring-
ton, 16; Thompson Walker, !_■ ! ,. Wil-
liams, 168; .Sina W. Williis ] . . . ,.,,,1 , Wright,
176; David C. Woodward, 1,54; Isaur \\,.rrall, 224;
Nathan White, 320; Rachel S. Walter, oM ; Lvdia
H. Wright, -.m ; Gilbert Weaver, 40s.
Deism results from departing from spiritual light and
leaning to one's own understanding, 270.
Demoralizing picture cards sold by a tobacco dealer,
91. 362.
reading matter poisons the mind. 111. 230.
newspapera. The duty of good citizens in regard
to, 183.
literature. The punishment of an editor con-
victed of mailing, 3i3.
newspapers contribute to crime, 415.
Desert. A sand-storm on the Great American, 163.
Detroit. Notice of reforms in, under the mavoraltv of
H. S. Pingree, 203.
Diatoms. Remarks on, 380.
Divine guidance. The belief of the Society of Friends
in, 9.5.
superintendence is extended even to the min-
utest ati'airs of life, 252. 263.
grace. The power of, to make the crooked
straight, 279.
revelation. Essay entitled, 138.
Dingle Charles. Testimony of Westland Monthly
Meeting, concerning, iu 1815, 261.
Letter of aftectionate counsel to his daughter, 259.
Dog. The sagacity of a, 231. 245. 323.
Doukhobors of Russia. Account of the pereecution of,
Dow Neal. Incidents in the life of, 52.
Down grade. Remarks on the commission of crime,
entitled. The, 298.
Dream. Solemn warning conveyed by a, 82.
Dreams. Revelations from God iu, 380.
Dress. On the extermination of the egret to procure
plumes for women's hats 23.
The waste caused by extravagance in, 46.
Remarks of Charles G. Finney on the duty of
Christians not to conform to the world in
their, dS.
Plainness of, one of the means of discipline for
usefulness in the church, 199.
Advice by London Yearly Meeting of Friends
in 1732, on maintaming plainness of, 210.
The testimony of Friends to plainness of 22'
243.2.50.401.
Tender advice to the voung in regard
ness of, 250.
Comments on the above, 279.
The wearing of egret plumes in, invol
cruelty, 325.
Remarks of_ Richard Esterbrook c
of, as a Divine requiring, 401.
Duckett Thomas. Brief mention of, 59.
Ducking-stool. The, described, 196.
Duplicity. Remarks on, 220.
Duty. A shrinking from, often the begi
downward course, 58.
Duty or privilege ? Extract eutitled, 170.
Dyer Mary. Brief notice of, 16. 24.
Dymond's Essays on the principles of moralitv 1 abridsed
edition), 247,248.355. • S
Earth. On the temperature of the, at great depths, 87.
Edgerton Joseph. Brief mention of, S4.
Edison, the inventor. Anecdotes of, 147.
Editorial. — Remarks on unsound doctrine in reference
to ministry, 7; Notice of "Indwelling of the Holy
Spirit," by Andrew Murrav, 8; Comments on a letter
from a Friend in Michigan, 15; Remarks on the dutv
of true Friends in withstanding innovations, 23. 47';
Encouragement to faithful Friends, 23 ; Notice of aii
appeal to professing Christians in regard to war, 21.
Ill; Remarks on a contributed article respecting' life
insurance, 31; Remarks on an article entitled ''God's
adoption," 31 ; On the unity formerly existing between
Philadelphia and London Yearly Meetings, and the
causes which have marred it, 39; Correction of a
statement respecting Australia, 39; Remarks on a
letter of John William Graham respecting a state-
ment in The British Friend, 47; Remarks on a re-
published article on the state of the Society, by Dr.
Charles Evans, 62; On wrong and dangerous features
of the present Presidential canvass, 71; Remarks on
a suggestion for providing a play-ground for poor
children, ,2; Comments on the recent removal by
death, of valuaijle Friends, and ou the training by
which they became qualified for usefulness, 79; No-
tice of a new edition of the Memoirs of Stephen
plain-
great
plainness
ing of a
Grellet, SO. 175; Caution against an undue attachment
to scientific or intellectual pursuits, 87; Remarks on
a contributed article. 88; On the necessity of Divine
guidance, especially in actions designed for the good
of others, 95; Remarks on the cause-s of a half-hearted
profession of Quakerism, 103; Remarks on an account
of Ohio Yearly Meeting, 104; Comments on exercis-
ing the right of sutl'rage, IU; Remarks on theefiects
of a military spirit, and on tlie circulation of an ap-
peal to professing Christians on the subject of war
lately issued by Friends, 111; Notice of a letter from
a Friend in .Australia respecting the truths professed
by Friends, 120; Remarks on the cruel treatment of
the Armenians by Turkey, 128; Notice of the ap-
pointment of an agent, 128; Remarks on the sub-
scription list of The Friknu,' 135; Remarks on a
concern for our younger members, 143; Remarks on
the belief of Friends in regard both to the work of
lanifeslation of, in
ral issues involved
c? of an appeal by
nan to be changed
rks on the duties
Comments on an
on " the orthodox
Ufe of
Christ in the flesh, as well ;i;
the heart, 151; Kl-i i ,1 i - ;i 1
in the recent i-l^ • .
H. H. Bonwill, IV- i !,■ I
only by Divine 1 .ri- - , , , :
of an overseer in the churel
article by John William Gi
body" in Philadelphia, 183; Notice of the state of So-
ciety in another Yearly Meeting, 184; Notice of the
Tract Repository, 191; Notice of "The Christian
League," of Philadelphia, 191; On the discipline by
which the Lord prepares his servants for usefulness
in the church, 199; Notice of the proceedings of the
Meeting for Sufieringsheld in Philadelphia, Twelfth
Mouth 18th, 1896, 199; Remarks on a letter from a
member of a progressive Yearly Meeting, 207; Re-
marks on the recent death of several valued Friends,
215; Comments on an account of the Methodist
bishop, William Taylor, 215; Notice of the arbitra-
tion treaty between the United States and Great
Britain, 223; Remarks on evidences that the Divine
blessing rests on the labors of imperfect instruments,
232; On the necessity of individual faithfulness in
preventing declension of our religious society.
Notice of corrections, 236; Remarks on the b
George Fox, by Thomas Hodgkin, 239; C
and caution in reference to progressive euchre, 239;
Notice of an abridged edition of Dymond's Eteays,
recently published, 247; Remarks on the non-incul-
cation of views antagonistic to this country in Eng-
lish history books, 247; Notice of remarks respecting
Dymond's Essays and the Memoirs of Stephen Grel-
let, 247; Remarks on formal singing in meetings for
worship, 255; Notice of a review of Thomas Hodg-
kiu's Life of George Fox, by Edward Pickard and
Edwin Tregelles, 280; Notice of a reprint of the
vision of Joseph Hoag, 280: Notice of Haddonfield
Quarterly .Meeting, held Tliird Month 11th, 287 :
On the dangers attending the study of the Holy
Scriptures in merely earthly wisdom,' 295; Remarks
commending the course of the Public Ledger in re-
fraining from publishing the details of a recent prize
fight, 295 ; Notice of encouraging statements respect-
ing the condition of Conservative Yearly Meetings
in the West, 303; Notice of the annual report of the
Evangelical Alliance for the U.S., 303: Remarks on
the approach of the Y'early Jleeting, 303; On the
watchfulness over self involved in a religious life,
311; Account of the proceedings of Philadelphia
Y'early Meeting. 319. 327; Remarks on certain late
contributions, 319; Remarks on not inserting in The
Friesd notices of certain meetings, 320; Comments
on some misstatements of Tke Presbyterian, respecting
Friends, 327 ; Remarks on a course of action proposed
by John William Gr.aham for London Yearly Sleet-
ing, 328: On the concern felt by Friends towards the
younger members, 335; Remarks on improving op-
portunities for good, 359; Notice of a prospect of re-
ligious service by Esther Fowler, 359; On the cor-
rect use of the plain language, 359; On the doctrines
held by Friends, and the practical results of them,
367; Notice of a pamphlet by G. D. Dowkontt, M.
D., on the low state of medical knowledge in heathen
countries, etc., 407 ; Notice of a circular by the
Philadelphia .African League, 407; Remarks on the
course of The British Friend in favoring the Hicksite
bodies in America, 415.
Education. Remarks on a finished, 108.
in the Southern States. The work of the Pea-
body and Slater funds for, 190.
The qualities of mind which, should develop, 242.
The monuments of, give no support to the
theory of evolution. 199.
Notice of the tomb of Nekht, lately opened in.
Elephant. Account of an imported, 150.
Egypt.
Embree Samuel. Testimony of Exeter Monthly Meet-
ing, Pa., concerning. 92.
Emlen James. Remarks of, on humility, 103.
Emlen Samuel. Lines on the character of, 230.
English language. Tiie rapid spread and extensive
use of the, 71.
England. Xotes of a recent visit to, 242. 2-52, 2-56.
Notice of the family of Victoria, queen of, 376.
England Church of. Eemarks on scruples of conscience
regarding the form of common prayer used in
the, 290.
The disgraceful silence of bishops of the, in re-
gard to military measures, 324.
Two-thirds of the national income of, used in
paving war debts, 326.
Episcopalians. Considerations on the proposed erection
of a cathedral by, in New York, 226.
!^otice of the blessing of a portrait of Charles I.
of England, by. 275.
Epistle to all bearing' the name of Friends, issued by
Philadelphia Yearly Meeting. Notice of, 382.
Esterbrook Kichard. Kemarks on the character and
incidents in the life of, 337. 34-5. 353. 361. 369. 377.
3S5 393.401.409.
Europe. The concerted actions of the nations of, may
be effective for peace, 326.
Evans Jonathan. Lines on the character of, 244.
Evans Thomas. Brief mention of the religious exer-
cises of, 193.
Kemarks of, on the preparation for religious
service, 393.
Evil is reproved by Christ in the heart. 98.
Evolution. The theory of, not suppoi-ted by the an
cient monuments of Egypt,
The doctrine of, stated to be '
trine of a future life, 287.
Excursion to Ancora. An, 379. 3SS.
Faith. On the effects of true, 43.
Famine. Notice of the present, in India. 197.
Fallen rose. Eemarks on the late death of valued
Friends, entitled. The, 234.
Farms in the L'nited States. Why the value of, are
depressed, 197.
Fashion. Conformitv wi
! in favor of the doc-
Chris
Fayle Susanna. Memoranda of the late visit of, to
Philadelphia, her illness and death, 12.
Fears. The duly of trusting God, instead of our, 27.
Feet. The care of, necessarv to the possession of health ,
405.
Fenelon. Extracts from, 21.
Ferns. Notice of the business of gatheriug, in Massa-
chusetts, 191.
Fiction. Eemarks on the destruction of works of, bv
the late Clarkson Sheppard. 200. 230.
First day of the week. The just grievance of bakers
"in Philadelphia respecting work on the, 155.
The observance of, as a day of rest, spreading
in Europe, 167.
Eemarks of Aaron K. Owen in observing the,
for religious purposes, 315.
A conscientious observance of the. rewarded,
327.
Fishing. The mirror used in, ISO.
Flanner William. Incidents in the ministrv of, 405.
Flight across the sea. A, 242. 252. 256.
Florida. Eemarks on the large springs, &c., in South-
ern, 14.
The notorious Sheats law of, declared unconsti-
tutional, 158.
Notes of a recent visit to, 307. 316.
Folly of neglecting the work of salvation. The, 324.
Forestiy of Pennsylvania. On the, 207.
Forests. Notice of large tracts reserved for, 229.
Formosa. Trees of, 2.
The climate of, unhealthy to foreigners, 21.
Notice of earthquakes in, 107.
Fothergill Samuel. Letter of, respecting a person who
Fowler John and Esther. Comments on a letter re-
ceived by, 359.
Fowler Esther. Notice of a prospect of religious ser-
vice by, 3-39.
Fox George. The doctrines promulgated by, simply
those of primitive Christianity, 75. '
Eemarks of, on a hired ministry, 124.
Testimonv of Charles H. Spurgeon to the char-
acter of, 276. 284. 337.
Answer of, to one who plead for a continuance of
sin in this life, 290.
France. The life of, sapped by intemperance, 157.
Obligatory military service in, a powerful agent
of Socialism, 282.
France. Letters from, 317. 322. 330. 339. 350. 354. 303.
Friendly intercourse. Essay entitled, 154.
Fry Elizabeth. The convincement of, 251.
Friends. Eeligious communications addressed to, 14.
29 124 130. 133. 138. 170. 181. 221. 226. 235.
243. 250. 279. 284. 347. 352. 403.
On the state of the Society of, 7. 10. 15. 23. 36.
50. 62. 120. 174. 184. 208. 226. 232. 335. 349.
353. 361. 367. 377. 385, 386, 387. 401. 409. 416.
The views of, in regard to ministry, 7. 50. 274.
277. 385, 386. 398.
The dangers of a supported pastoral system
among members of the Society of, 10. 37. 208.
A fruitful source of decay in spiritual life
among, 14.
On the duty of true, to withstand innovations
among, 23. 208.
Encouragement to faithful, 23. 29. 235.
An appeal by. to professing Christians in regard
to war, 30. HI.
Eemarks on the above, 31. 355.
Minute of advice of Canada Yearly Meeting
addressed to, 36.
The payment of persons for preaching opposed
to the principles of, 50. 208.
in Westphalia in 1790. Account of, 51. 58. 88.
101.
\ Account of Eaduor Monthly Meeting of, (Penn-
sylvania), 59. 67. 74.
On the saddening evidences of declension from
the principles of, 62, 208.
Eemarks on giving a judgment in meetings of,
for discipline, 63. 335.
On transacting the business of meetings for dis-
cipline of, in the fear of the Lord, and in
true unity, 70.
The religion of, simply primitive Christianity
revived, 75.
On the establishment of meetings of ministers
and elders among, 77.
On the doctrine of, in regard to understauding
the Scriptures, 79. 295.
Notice of Haddonfleld Quarterly Meetuig of,
102. 1S6. 287. 397.
On the causes of a half-hearted profession of
Quakerism, 103.
Considerations addressed to, upon exercising the
right to vote, 107.
Comments on the above, 111.
An epistle of caution and counsel to, from Lon-
don Y'early Meeting in 1723, 117.
Eemarks on the acceptance of the truths pro-
fessed bv, among others, 120.
The earlv,' were a people transformed. 123. 211.
The use of the plain language by, 130. 331. 359.
Declarations of Edward Burrough respecting,138.
Account of Friends in, in 1790, etc., 51. 58.
The doctrine of, respecting justification, 143.
The testimony of, to the divinity of Jesus
Christ, 147.'
The work of Christ in the flesh upheld by, as
well as manifestation of, in the heart. 151.
in N. Carolina during the late war. Incidents
relating to, 154.
Eemarks on the duties of an overseer among,
175.
Remarks on the neglect of week-dav meetiugs,
bv, 183.
Coruments upon the separation from, in Amer-
ica, in 1827, 183.
Notice of the harmful effect on, of the Darling-
ton Conference, etc., 186.
Account by Edward Burrough of the meetiugs
for worship of the early, 190.
Notice of, in London during the plague of 1665,
194.
Exercise of spirit in Philadelphia ^Tearly Meet-
ing of a past generation, 203.
Eemarks on the Queries addressed to, 205.
Extracts from epistles of London Y'early Meet-
ing of, 210.
What is the cause for the present low condition
of the Societv of, and what shall be the rem-
edy ? 226.
The testimony of, to plainness, simplicity and
truth speaking, 228.
Eemarks of Elihu Burritt upon, 238.
A tender exhortation to young, &c., to support
tiie ancient doctrines and practices of, 243.
250. 279. 335.
Formal singing in public woi-ship testified
against by early, 255.
William Penn's account of the character of the
early, 274. 282.
Friends. Eemarks of Cbas. H. Spurgeon on the charac-
ter of George Fox aiid the early, 276.
Address of William Penn to the youth among,
282.
The views of, respecting the atonement, 292.
makers of America, by David
rly Meeting, 1897,
Eemarks
Gregg, 302.
Jlinute of Philadelphia Y'ei
addressed to its members, b49.
Eemarks on the distribution of books relating
the doctrines, &c., of, 355.
Notice of Concord Quarterly Meeting of, held
Fifth Month, 1897, 355.
On the doctrines of, respecting justification and
sanctification, 367.
Account of a religious visit paid by William
Jackson among, in England and Ireland, 371.
379.
Notice of an Epistle issued by Philadelphia
Yearlv Meeting to all bearing the name of,
382, 383.
Remarks of S. L. Grubb on a lapse from the
principles of, in England in 1834, 387.
Eemarks of Samuel Fothergill upon an appli-
cation for admission in the Society of, 389.
On the religion of the early, from The Ausira-
lian Friend, 390.
Encouragement to, to maintain their distinctive
testimonies, while enjoying a summer outing
from home, etc., 403.
Friends' Freedmen's Association of Philadelphia. Ee-
port on behalf of, 270.
Annual report of, 335.
Gambling. Progressive euchre judicially declared to
be a form of, 235. 239.
Games. On the demoralizing character of intercol-
legiate, 221.
Garheld President. Eemarks of, on " margins," 282.
Geology of Southern New Jersey. On the, 86.
hi Valley Forge, Pa., 124.
of S. E. 'Pennsylvania, 154.
of the canyon of the Colorado River, 154.
Notice of the discovery of phosphate rock in
central Tenessee, 191.
of the salt deposit in Western New Y'ork, &c., 324.
of N. W. Iowa, 414.
German John, of Radnor, Pa. Brief mention of, 59.
Germany. Remarks on the character of the early in-
" habitants of, 6.
On village life in, Ac, 19. 126. 181.
A visit to Nordhausen, &c., in, 34.
A visit to Lauterberg in, 42.
Account of Friends in, in 1790, etc., 51. 58.
Remarks on the above, 101.
A visit to Minden, 14S.
Home life in, 227.
A visit to the Harz mountains in, 286.
Getting something for nothing. Remarks on the cur-
rency, &c., entitled, 170.
Gibbons Hannah. Notice of the religious exercises
of, 25.
Gifford Phebe E. Remarks of. at an advanced age,
226. 352.
Gilbert island. Account of the recent kidnapping and
enslaving of natives of, 278.
Girard Stephen. Anecdote of, 327.
Gold from sea water, 302.
Goodness and usefulness. On, 165.
Gospel. The, the effectual overcomer of the liquor
traffic, 347.
Graham John, who died at Birmingham, Eng., Ninth
Month 27th, 1867. A short account of, 93. 99. 108.
Gravitation applied in transporting coal, 332.
Greenland. Wild flowers in, 85.
Green sand of S, New Jersev. On the probable origin
of, 86.
Gregory Lucy. Memoranda made by, of her religious
exercises, 239.
Grief. Eemarks on an unselfish, 255.
Griflith John. Account of the call to, and early ex-
periences in the ministry of, 266.
Guilford College, N. C. Remarks on the acceptance
by, of a gift from noted tobacco manufacturers, 362.
Haddonfield Quarterly Meeting of Friends. Notice
of, 102. 186.
Haines Hinchman. Reminiscence of, 286.
Harrison Richard, of Merion, Pa. Brief notice of, 75.
Harrison Sarah, of Philadelphia. Lines on the char-
acter of, 229.
Hayes Isaac. Account bv, of a vision of light seen on
his death-bed, 139.
Health. Kemarks on the etiect ul' patent-mediciues
on, 44.
C'oui-se to be pursueil in treating heat-strokes,
70.
I )nt(loor living and special lung exercise the
remedy for consumption, 71.
Advice upon, entitled "Save vour strength,"
1 4:i.
On the meth'xi of preparing vaccination points,
174.
The value of apples to. 234.
When people catoh cold, 24.5.
The treatment of the scurvy, 342.
The effects of various employments upon, 363.
< >n the selfishne-is arising from impaired, 373.
The effect of ti'bacco upon the. 3/4.
The insidious inrtuence of the soil upon, 3S2.
The effect of beer drinking in shortening life,
397.
The importance of suitable footwear to, 405.
Heaven. The glories of, not to be undei'stood in this
life, 34.^.
Henwood Loveday. Account by, of her convincement
regard to the use of the plain language, 130.
Heroism in humble life, 71. 395. 410.
Hick Sammy, the village blacksmith. Notice of the
religions character of, 103.
Hoag Joseph. Providentially guided, 269.
Reminiscences of, 285. 397.
Hockett Mahlon. Reminiscences of, 285.
Remarks on the above. 316. 319.
Further reminiscences of, 325.
Holy Scriptures. Remarks on the tendency of the
study of the. in Bible or First-day schools, 3.
The truths of the, confirmed in the experience
of men, 7.
Those only who have the Holy Spirit are quail-
tied to explain the, 79.
Illustrations of passages iu the. from Oriental
customs, &c., 79. 84. 159. 189. 234. 244. 413.
Advice of London Yearly Meeting in 1 1 23 upou
the frequent and reverent reading of the,
117.
not the " Word of God," 119. 250.
Critics of the Pentateuch opposed to each other,
134.
Remarkable preservation of a pei^on through a
copy of the, 143.
On the dangers attending the study of the, iu
merely earthly wisdom, 295.
A large "numberof copies purchased by natives
of Uganda, S. Africa, 346.
In reference to an American Reviser's edition of
the, 395.
Home duties. On neglecting, professedly to help
others, iS6. "
Honesty in a Malay, 1S7.
House of Commons. Extract entitled, A night in the,
309.
Housekeeper. A lesson given to a tired, 1S2.
How the ointment was spoiled. Remarks on reminis-
cences of John Salkeld, •kc, entitled, 316.
How he got his buggy. Extract entitled, 355.
Howell Arthur. Lines on the character of, 236.
Howell Debby T. Some of the last expressions of, 388.
Hubbs Rebecca Brief mention of, 86.
Humble heroism. Account of the rescue of colored
persons from death entitled, 71.
Humilitv. The blessing of. 103.
The need of, 207.
Hunting. Remarks ou the crueltv of the sport of,
372. '^
India. Converts from Hinduism in. 54.
Account of the acknowledgment of Christ by a
Hindu magistrate in, 106.
A just sentence given bv a Mohammedan judge
in, 109.
A nearer view of the monuments of Hindu in-
tellect and religion, 131.
Christianity in, hindered by the loose morals of
Europeans, 158.
Notice of the great famine prevailing in, 197.
370. _
The faith of the Brahmin is a dying faith. 213.
Notice of the relief of famine stricken children
in, 294.
A proposed gift of corn from the United States
to, 326.
India rubber. The commercial sources and demand
for, 134.
Indians of Terra del Fuego. Notice of, IS.
Account of the Seminole, of Florida, 30.
of Patagonia. Notice of, 44.
ReuK
of;
Xiiiice of the destruction of
'lining the treaty with, the
luiiiuann as superintendent
The .sale of liquor to, early prohibited in Penn-
sylvania, 346.
Notice of a proposed removal of Seminole, in
Florida. 384.
Notice of the proceediugs of a late meeting of
the committee of the Yearly Meeting to assist
the. of thf Aileyheny Reservation, etc., 399.
.Vddri.-- : In w. ; . :i i.f the Seneca nation of,
by »-■ ,■ 'I r,i' i/!^, -114.
Insanity inur M.-ment attending a Presi-
dentini ui.iii'iiiuii. -'-Ml
in Syria. Notice of an effort by T. W'aldmeier
to establish an asylum for the trettment of, 376
Infidel, Remark of an, upon godly sincerity, 23.
An, influenced for good bv a conscientious ob-
server of nature, 133.
Infidelitv. The balance of nature an argument against,
'101.
What has never done. 103.
has no hope, no comfort to offer, 298.
On " bigotry " in, 346.
Notice of tlie prevalence of, in the United States
at the close of last century, 387.
Intemperance. Striking at the root of disease from, 35.
one .great cau-e of " h rd times," 46.
On the etiects of the Maine liquor law in Port-
land, .Me., 52.
.\ severe but just sentence for, in a government
officer. 75.
leads a father to rob his little child of her pen-
nies, 92.
caused by sixty cents worth of whiskey occa-
sions loss of life and great expense, 107.
is sapping the life of the French nation, 157.
The happy effects of prohibition in Kansas, 157.
Statistics showing what could be done with
money wasted in. 175.
Testimony of a physician on the benefits of total
abstinence, ISO.
A sermon against, by William Taylor, 195.
Statistics of the arrests of persons caused by, 206.
Experience of Isaac Sharp that brandy is not
necessary to a traveller's outfit, 231.
The danger to the souls of those who give wav
to, 239.
An officer of the Liquor League advises saloon-
keepers to create an appetite for strong drink
among boys, 262.
Strongly worded caution expressed by John
Fothergill against, 314.
Dr. Nansen, the Arctic explorer, strongly in
favor of total abstinence, 322.
Reply to an inquiry " How the saloon can best
be suppressed," 346,
.\. murder nearlv committed under the influence
of, 357.
Chas. Spurgeon declines taking beer on account
of example, 358.
Successful efforts to keep the saloons out of
Cambridge, Mass., 366.
Beer drinking shortens life, 397.
Intercollegiate sports. Remarks on the evils of, 180.
Iowa lake region. Notes on the, 414.
Ireland. Notice of superstitious ideas foi'merly exist-
in.
[28.
Iron. Notice of the corroding of, by a worm, 84.
" Is there not a cause." Remarks on the necessity of
submitting to the cross of Christ, entitled, 181.
Italv. The miserv of people and of children in, 141.
Items, 15. 63. 151. 159. 167. 17-5. 327. 367. 375. 399.
Jackson William. Account of a religious visit paid
by, in England and Ireland, 371. 379.
Jarmau John, of Radnor. Pa. Brief mention of. 59.
Jasmine tower. A nearer view of the, 131.
Jews. Remarks on three great dispersions of, and the
settlements of, in N. Africa, 234.
Jones Rebecca. Lines on the character of, 230.
Jordan Richaid. Lines on the character of, 236.
Incidents in the ministry of, 396.
Kansas. The happy effects of prohibition in, 157.
Report upon the distribution of goods sent to
■' flood sufferers" in, 10.
Seeds in soil from great depth said to germinate
The above statement not confirmed, 327.
Keith George. Remarks ou the false charges against i
Friends made by, 151. ]
Kennai<l William. Brief mention of, ^4.
Kindness to dumb animals. Incident of, 211.
King crabs in Delaware Bay. Observations on, 28.
Knowles Henry .\ccount of a religions visit by. in
Canada, in 1843. ISS.
Kroo mark. The, an evidence of a free man, 7'i.
Language. The use of the phdn, Divinelv required,
130. 243.
PiPinarks of ( harlcs H. Spurgeon on the use of
the plain, 284.
.K pie I for the grammatical use of the plain, 331.
Remarks on the above, 359.
Larrance Isaac of Ohio. Biographical sketch of, S><.
Late rejirint of a valuable woi k. Notice of " The P^x-
cellent Priviledge of Libertv and Property," entitled,
A,33.s.
Letchworth John. Reminiscences of, 213.
Lines on the churacter of, 229.
Letchworth Elizabeth. Testimony of John Letchworth
to his wife, 213.
Letter i.f M. A. Stevenson, 10.
John William Graham, 47.
Samuel F. Ba'der.-ton, 153.
Daniel Barker, 162.
an .\rmenian, on the cruelties inflicted by the
Turks, and comments, ISIt.
Phebe R. Giffbrd, 196.
Mary Peisley. Extract from. 230.
Charles Dingle, 259.
Mary Dudlev. 309.
Newton Martin Curtis. 311.
John Fothergill, 314.
Francis S. Williston, 355.
Job Scott, 356.
Abraham Shackleton, on the death of Job Scott,
365.
Abel Thomas, 381.
Samuel Fothergill, 389.
Letters of Deborah B. Webb. Extracts from, 49. 98.
105. 113. 121. 129. 137. 145. 153. 161. 169. 177.
185. 217. 22.5. 233. 241. 249. 257. 265. 273. 281.
2,89.297.30.5.313.321.
Joseph Rhoads on the evil tendencies of boxing
and prize-fighting, 334.
from Germanv, 6. 19. 34. 42. 125. 131. 148. 227.
254. 270. 276. 286. 301. 307.
from Paris, 317. 322. 330, 339. 350. 354. 363.
Richard Esterbrook, 345. 353. 361. .369. 377.
385. 393 401. 409.
Switzerland, 370. 378. 394. 404. 410.
Library Friends' (142 N. Sixteenth Street). Notice of
the times of opening, etc., 199.
Life. Our. to be a constant exercise of a conscious
stewardship, 348.
Life insurance. Comments on objections which have
been made to, 26.
Remarks on the above. 31.
Remarks on schemes for, which are delusive, 162.
Life term confession of " Bruises and putrefying sores,"
290.
Lights and shadows of Port Royal. Essay entitled, 76.
85. 90
Light-house service. .Stories of the, 410.
Lincoln Abraham Kindness of, to children, 61.
Lippincott Thomas of New Jersey. Brief mention of,
Lister Sir Joseph. Account by. of the discovery of the
useof animal membranes for ligatures in surgery, 191.
Lloyd Thomas, deputy Governor of Penna. " Brief
mention of. 60.
Looking more ways than one necessary, 141.
London. How to' gain an idea of the size of, 98.
Brief account of the plague in. in 1665, 194,
Lost art. Remarks on quiet in our dailv lives, entitled
A, 181.
Lost in Settle Mountain wUds. Incident entitled, 139.
Louisiana. The water hyacinth a pest in. 111.
Love letter. An old, 356.
LucLferians. Notice of a sect called, 151.
Lyon Mary, .\ccount of the early character of, and
her school, 271.
Machinist's bill. Explanation of a large. 7.
Making our choice. Extract entitled, 52.
Man — his nature and relation to his Maker, 170.
The chemical constituents of, 334.
Marble quarry in Chester Co., Pa. A visit to a, 147.
Marriages. William B. Kirkbride and Elizabeth Hen-
derson, 24 : ^V^lliam E. Darnell and Anna H. Mat-
lack, 120 ; Daniel D. Test and Mari- C. Brantingham,
152; Henrv W. Leeds and Lvdia M. Roberts, 152:
David Heston and Esther A. "H.aines, 168 ; Caleb H.
Carter and Mary Eva Thomas, 216 ; Robert Henry
Eussell and Anna Parvin Smith, 376 ; John Wav
and Lvdia Annette Greene, 384.
May S. J. Anecdote of, 66.
Mc'Cheane. Catharine Louisa, who died in the nine-
teenth year of her age. Account of the life and
religious character of, 179.
Mecca. A pilgrimage to, from the Soudan, 141.
Memorial to citizens of the United States against prize-
fighting, 330.
Memory. Hints on improving the. 196.
Meteor. A, seen in space, '23S.
Methodists. The doctrine of infant baptism not pro-
mulgated by, 301.
Mexico. A volcanic bubble in, 391.
Meyer Henry of Minden. Reminiscences of, 291.
Miilhouse Daniel. Providentially directed to relieve
a poor widow, 209.
Ministry. The views of Friends in regard to the, 7.
■ 14. 274. 277. 3S.5, 386. 393.
Remarks of George Fox on a hired, 124.
Account by. Isaac Andrews of his call to the,
141. 146.
Notice of the exercises of Daniel Barker in the,
156.
Experience of James Backhouse on the exercise
of the, 206.
The early experience of John Griffith in the,
266.
Remarks of Charles H. Spurgeon on the, of Geo.
Fox, 277.
Advice of William Penn to Friends in the, 27.5.
282.
Remarks on the, of Mahlon Hoekett, 325.
Incidents in the, of Richard Esterbrook, 346.
369.
Letter of Richard Esterbrook to a young Friend
in the, 369.
Remarks of Abel Thomas on his, 381.
Miracles are to be seen in every day life, 263.
Mohamedans. The observance of the fast of the Ra-
madam by, 386.
Money in plenty to waste, but not for good purposes,
400".
Moral questions of the late electoral campaign in the
United States. The, 122.
Remarks on the above, 159.
Moravian. Remarks of The, in opposition to war, 112.
Morton Mary. Lines on the character of, 244.
Music. Instrumental, no jiart of Divine worship, 92.
an art of man's invention, 119.
The religious exercises of Isaac Andrews in
giving up, 141.
often draws away the mind from true spiritual
worship, 250.
Experience of Aaron K. Owen in discontinuing
the use of, 315,
halls abolished in Sweden, 338.
Musical festival. Solemn warning by James Back-
house in 1825 in reference to, 3S3,
Nations. The recent large acquisition of foreign terri-
tory by European, 159.
The downfall of, the result of their own crimes,
The concert of European, believed to be a safe-
guard of peace, 326.
" Nations." Dissuasive against playing the game called,
397.
Natural History, etc. — The chimpanzee, 2 ; Sympathy
in birds, 23 ; The egret, 23. 325 ; King crabs, 28 ; The
panther, 44 ; The armadillo, 44 ; Ostriches, 44 ; Tam-
ing a humming bird, 47 ; The cicada, 50 ; The sand-
wasp, 50 ; The wingless bird of New Zealand, 53 ;
Cows in India, 53 ; Snakes, 60 ; The garden spider,
60 ; The white cabbage butterfly, 60 ; An encounter
with blue cranes, 78 ; An iron-destroying worm, 84 ;
Monkeys. 85 ; Baboons, 87 ; The honey -bird, 87 ; The
white-necked crow, 90 ; The balance of nature an ar-
gument against infidelity, 101 ; The dog-whelk shell,
107 ; The periwinkle, 107 ; The surf clam, 107 ; Pro-
tective mimicry by insects in .\frica, 126 ; Light-giv-
ing animals, 132 ; Leopards, 133 ; Sagacity of a horse,
133; An alert parrot, 140; Account of " Colly,"
elephant, 150; The diminution of wild animals in
.\frica, 157 ; Mosquitoes, 167 ; Requisites to success
in observing animals, etc., 175 ; Lions, 199 ; Sagacity
of a dog, 231. 245. 323 ; A chameleon, 2-55 ; An im-
mense octopus, 262 ; Frogs in .Australia, 301 ; The
heron, 303 ; The sagacity of elephants, 311 ; Animal
toilette, 318; Prairie dogs, 319; Gregarious birds,
327; Animals in sickness, 334 ; Snakes in Java, 334
Playful fishes, 335 ; Animal sense of humor, 342
Aniuials at play, 342 ; The utter, 351 ; The hamster,
3-51 ; The nautilus, 352 ; Sponges, 358 ; Tlie hill crow
IXDEX.
of India, 374 ; The snow cock, 374 ; Flying foxes,
383; The gold tail beetle, 391; Algerian dogs, 391;
The myna of India, 402: The ruddv duck, 402; The
mallard duck, 402; The dusky duck. 402; The rail
bird, 402; The American cross-bill, 402; The white-
winged cross-bill, 403; The mocking bird, 403; The
song thrush, 403; The migratory quail, 413.
Need of conscientiousness as to the newspapers we buy
and encourage. The, 260.
Nevada. Disgrace incurred by, for allowing prize
fighting in, 250
Newfoundland. How I built the first road in Northern,
301.
New Jersey. On the lime deposits of southern, 86.
Notice of birds rarely found in Burlington Co.,
402. 413.
New Zealand .A heavy penalty imposed by, ou the
importation of poisonous serpents, 206.
Newspapers. Remarks on crime-loving and crime-pro-
ducing, 260. 415.
New York city. Observations on the sorrowful con-
dition of the abject poor in, 20.
Niagara Falls utilized. A sketch of the features of the
work, 164.
Noisiest preachers often empty of real truth. The,
412.
Notice to quit. Remarkable incident entitled, A, 125.
North Carolina. Notes of a trip among the mountains
of, 202. 212. 220.
Oak family. On the, 253.
Offley Daniel. Lines on the character of, 236.
Opportunity. On making an, 21C.
There is always an, for doing good, 306.
Origin of vegetation. Essay entitled, 314.
Statement bearing upon the, 327.
Out of Eden, and back again. Extract entitled, 66.
Owen Aaron K. A brief memoir of the life of, 306.
315.
Owen Lsaac. A methodist preacher. Anecdotes of, 219.
Paper. The manufacture of India, in England, 134.
Paris. Letters from, 317. 322. 330. 339. 350. 354. 363.
Pascal Jacquiline. Notice of, 102.
Pascal's Provincial Letters. Remarks on the excellency
of the style of, etc., 91.
Parsons Benjamin. Remark of, on his death bed, 279.
Pastoral system. On the dangers of the, 10.
Remarks on the above, 37.
The, not consistent with the principles of Friends,
50.
Patagonia. On the Indians and animals of, 44.
Peisley Mary. Extract from a letter of, on the suffer-
ings and death of our Saviour, 239.
Remarks of, on a brighter day for the professing
church, 266.
Remarks of, to a deist, 270.
Remarks of, on the necessity of frequent bap-
tisms, 253.
Penington Isaac. The plain pathway of salvation by,
132
Warning of, to the King and Parliament of
England against the persecution of Friends,
194.
Remarks of, on different degrees of wisdom and
strength in members of the church, 2S7.
Remarks of, on the study of the Scriptures, in
earthly wisdom, 295.
On the atonement for sin by the sufferings of
Jesus Christ, 367.
Penn William. An address of, to the thoughtless and
unconcerned, 43.
Notice of the destruction of the parchment treaty
made by, with the Indians, 222. 272.
Account by, of the character of the early, and
comments, 274. 282.
A brief biographical sketch of, 310.
Notice of " The Excellent Priviledge of Liberty
and Property" by, 338.
Pennsylvania. Notice of the relinquishment by Friends
of the government of, in 1756, 38.
(^n the importance of protecting the forests of,
207.
The sale of liquor to the Indians early prohibited
in, 347.
Peru. Magnanimous action of, in relieving sufferers
in Ecuador, 158.
Persia. Glimpses of life in, at the present day, 189.
Physician. An acknowledgement by, of culpable in-
attention to a patient, 18.
Picnic by the Kancocas. A, 45.
Piety. Tlie fruits of, 159.
Pike" Joseph. Example of, in giving money freely for
Truths' sake, 218.
Pillory. The, described, 196.
Pink Hill. A visit to, 348.
Plants. The struggle for life among the, of east Africa,
^140.
Winter investigations regarding, 293.
Plants.— The tallow tree, 2 ; The camphor tree, 2 ; The
paper plant, 2 ; The iianian, 2 ; The varnish tree, 2 ;
The bamboo, 2 ; Sedge, 2 ; 'The peppergrass, 4 ; The
wild mustard, 4; The skull cap, 4. 61 ; The garlic, 4 :
Lyg itlenus I'imanthoi'les, 4 ; The poisonous character
of Antraiiigiis MoUissima, 34 ; Flowers in Greenland.
35 ; The partridge pea, 45 : Wild sensitive, plant, 45 ;
The rattle-box, 45 ; The ground nut, 45 ; The dodder,
45 ; The pickerel weed, 45 ; The duck-meat, 60 ; The
fox-grape, -60 ; The mad plantain, 60 ; The cardinal
flower, 60 ; The touch-me-not, 60 ; The arrow head,
61 ; The Nermnjslis, 74 ; The scouring rush, 86 ; The
Dogwood, 86. 124; The golden rod, 86; Sea-side
plants, 107 ; The water hyacinth. 111. 295 ; The cor-
al-berry, 124; The witch-hazel, 124; Mangroves,
127 ; Bamboos, 133 ; African flora especially adapted
to endure drought, 166 ; The mountain pink, 171,
348 ; The bark of an African fig used for cloth, 175 ;
Notice of the business of gathering ferns in Massa-
chusetts, 191 ; Plants found in North Carolina, 202.
212; Oaks, 229; The prickly pear, 229; The oak
family, 253; The osage orange, 293; The cress family,
293; Water plants as land-makers, 295; A statement
respecting the vitality of seeds, 327 ; The growth of
the maple, 342 ; The Shepherd's purse, 342 ; Crucifera,
342 ; The Indian turnip, 348 ; 'The yellow puccoon,
48 ; The May-apple, 349 ; The tulip, 359 ; The cran-
berry, 379 : The golden club, 379 ; The pitcher plant,
379 ;■ The sun dew, 379 ; The bladder wort, 379 ; The
enamel flower, 383.
Poetry. — Original. — Castles in the air-clouds, 4 ; King
Alfred's light, 21 ; In memorian, 28. 48 ; Illumination,
52 ; A lesson from the weeds, 61 ; " He giveth richly,''
93 ; The meeting, 101 ; Rescued, 108 ; Lines in mem-
ory of Jane H. Sears, 132; "We all do fade as a
leaf," 132 ; Lorenzo's defeat, 253 ; Divine love, 268 ;
Springtime, 324; After twenty years, 364; Thoughts
on leaving home, 388; Religion, 412.
Poetry.— Selected.— .1 bunch of bitter-sweet, 188 ; The
arm chair and comments, 229. 236. 244 ; The blind
weaver, 397; Convalescence, 78 ; " Cry unto her that
her warfare is accomplished," 148 ; The carpenter's
son, 156 ; The daisy, 324 ; Falter not, 78 ; Forbear,
117 ; In the forefront, 180 ; " Father take my hand,"
308; The fire by the sea, 397; Grandmother's ser-
mon, 21 ; The giant who wanted work, 148 ; Grow-
ing old, 173 ; The grumbler, 213; Grandma's patch-
work quilt, 260; The house of Obed-Edom, 108;
Holy Spirit, lead thou me, 156 ; King Frost has come,
ISO ; The little harvester, 52 ; The lichen, 164 ; Lines
to Mary Peisley and Ann Ashby, 276 ; Lines on
Deborah B. We"bb, 321 ; Lines 35"6. 359 ; Little and
much, 372 ; A little while, 405 ; In mother's place,
45; My friends, 117; Midnight musings, 196. 232;
" My Lord and my God," 213 ; My enemy, 308; My
sunset prayer, 332 ; Now, 12 ; Not as I will but as
Thou wilt, 25; No place for boys, 124; A New
Years hymn, 220; Onward, 101; Ode to spring,
292 ; " His compassions fail not," 372; The Persian
poet's farewell, 62; Per pacem ad lucem, 220; Spin
cheerfully, 93; Submission, 140; Strength in weak-
ness, 284; The Shepherd's charge, 292; Sometime,
somewhere, 300; Suppose, 356; A short sermon,
388; The twenty-third psalm, 37; There are moments,
37; Thy will be done, 101; The two words, 140; Te
Deum laudamus, 284; Two surprises, 341; Thy will
be done, 348; There was silence in Heaven, 364; The
thinning ranks, 380; When mother sits down by the
lire, 173; The web of life, 300; Where's mother, 316;
A worker's prayer, 316; A year ago, 188.
Port Royal. Light and shadows of the monastic com-
munity of, 76. 85. 90. 102. 110. 112.
Poverty of spirit, pleasing in the Divine sight, 197.
Prayer. The utterance of words as, insincerely is dis-
tructive of spiritual life, 37.
Answered, 125. 263. 274.
Heart felt, only acceptable, 258.
A, not permitted, 327.
Effectual, must be in the name or power of,
Jesus, 367.
Price Rachel. Remarks of, on governing self, 7.
Pride a form of ignorance 207.
Priesthood of believers. Essay entitled. The, 127.
Prison at Anamosa, Iowa. Remarks on presenting some
Friends' books to the library of, 246. 351.
Progressive euchre a form of gambling, 235. 239.
Providential preservations and deliverances, 143. 150.
181, 182. 231. 236, 243. 269. 291. 346. 380. 396.
415.
Providential oversight extends to tlie smallest con-
cerns of life, 252.
Prize lighting in Nevada. Disgrace attending the al-
lowing of, 25(1.
A former United States Senator fallen to be a
newspaper repurter at the, 82y.
\ memorial to the citizens of United States
against, 330.
Letter of the late Joseph Ehoads on the evil
tendencies of boxing and, 334.
Prohibition of the saloons in Cambridge, Massachusetts
for ten years, 366.
Punctuation. Incident showing the need of observing,
227.
Quacks. The methods of, 24-5.
Queries addressed to Friends. Eemarks on the, 20.5.
Quiet. On the dutv of seekiug for, in our daily lives,
181.
" Quiet day." Notice of the observance of the, recom-
mended by the Evangelical Alliance, ITfr.
I Radnor Monthlv Meeting of Friends (Penua.) Account
I of, .59. 67. 74,'
; Eailroad. An engineer's experience of a providential
deliverance on a, 243.
I Railroads. On the displacement of the Couestoga
wagon in Pennsylvania by, 37.
Improved method" of removing earth from, 14S.
Read. How to, wisely, 196.
, Reading-matter. Remarks on crime-producing, 260.
i Redona Beach, California. Extract entitled, 55.
' Eeckefuss, Christopher. Notice of the persecution and
*■ character of, 51. 5S. 101.
' Refused the wrong beggar. Extract entitled, 354.
Religion. A danger to, from external movements, or-
I ganizations, etc., 7.
A fundamental characteristic of true, 12.
1 in children often choked by the pride of mothers,
146.
The fruits of, 159.
The work of, in the heart largely done in si-
lence, 190.
Poverty of spirit and contrition of heart ac-
ceptable in the Divine sight, 197.
On the danger of speculation upon, 309.
The watchfulness over self enjoined by, 311.
The disastrous results of emotional revivals in,
325.
The practical nature of the, professed by Friends,
367.
Relisious retirement. On the dutv and blessings of,
14. 259.
Reminiscences of pioneer life in the West, 38.
of slavery, 2. 70.
of a Friendly character, 84.
of an attempt at murder, 357.
of John Salkeld, 236. 286.
of Joseph Scattergood (senior), 246. 269. 351.
of Samuel Settle (senior), 386.
of Richard Jordan. 396.
of Joseph Carrington, 396.
of William Flanner, 405.
of James Simpson, 406.
Repentance. Illustration of the follv of putting off the
work of, 237.
is not to be postponed untU to-morrow, 308.
Rest that remaineth for the people of Giod. The, 138.
Retort. A courteous, 394.
Revelations from God in dreams. Instances of, 3S0.
Rich. On the wrong of stirring up animosity between
the, and the poor, 71.
Richardson Ruth. Lines on the character of, 236.
Roberts Hugh, of Radnor. Brief mention of, 59.
Roberts Jacob and Phebe W. Brief mention of, 150.
Room at the top. Extract on the attainment of suc-
cess, entitled, 391.
Roman Catholics. Lights and shadows of Port Royal,
76.85.90.102.110.112.
Notice of threats of, in Ireland, 1 28.
Notice a movement of, to use government prop-
erty at West Point, 151.
The doctrine of transubstantiation held by, re-
futed, S5S.
Russia. Account of the persecution of the Doukhobors
in, 258.
Notice of the creation of a Supreme Council to
assist in the government of, 314.
Salt. The method of obtaining, from underground beds
in Germany, 290.
The existence of, in Western New York, and
method of obtaining it, 324.
Salkeld John. Some reminiscences of, 236. 286.
Remarks on the above, 316. 319.
INDEX.
Sansom Beulah. Lines on the character of, 244.
Sarcasm. Personal, not profitable, 206.
Salvation. The plain pathway of, by Isaac Pening-
ton, 132.
in its tiospel aspeit. Ficmarks of Mary Dud-
ley, entitled, 3(J9.
On the changes neces^arv in the work of, 367.
409.
Salvation Army. Narrative of some of the experi-
ences of a former oflicer in the, upon joining and
leaving it, 73.
Saul— Paul. _ Essay entitled, 130.
Savery Williaiu. Lines on the character of, 230.
Scattergooil Thomas. Lines on the character of, 230.
Scattergood William. Incident in the ministry of the
late, 237.
Scattergood Joseph (seuiorj. Reminiscences of the
246. 269 351.
Schools. The injury done by fostering a war spirit in
text-books on history for, 171.
Notice of a prohibition of the use of tobacco in
national, by Napoleon III., 363.
The injurious tendency of Bible or First-day,
among Friends, 3. 409.
Scientific notes, etc., 87. 126. 133. 166. 175. 191. 199
238. 295. 302. 318. 327. 334. 342. 351. 374. 383.
391.
pursuits. Caution against an uudue attachment
Schwenkfeldei-s. Brief notice of the, 115.
Scotland. The wild scenery of, 142.
Scott Job. Account of the fast illness and death of, 365.
Search for truth. Eemarks of a former officer of the
Salvation Army, entitled A, 173.
Secret Societies. Cruelty attending the initiation of a
member in one "of the, 205
Remarks of John Quincy Adams and Daniel
Webster against, 299.
The character and tendency of, particularly in
colleges, 323.
The etiect of, to diminish allegiance to Christ,
Seeds in soil from great depth said to germinate in
Kansas, 277.
The above statement not confirmed, 327.
Self. On the necessity of governing, before we govern
others, 7.
The moral lapses of others, should increase our
watchfulness over, 7.
The denial of, a necessary part of religion, 300.
Eemarks on the government of, entitled " The
Caged Lion," 356.
The need for invalids to govern, in their de-
mands upon others, 373.
Self-denials for Je.su3 Christ. Extract entitled, 178.
Shackleton Richard. The desire of, for the establish-
ment in the Truth of his children 271.
Shadow and substance. Essay entitled, 395.
Sharp Isaac. Experience of, "that brandy is not neces-
sary to a traveller's outfit, 231.
Sheppard Catharine. Lines on the character of, 244.
Sheppard Clarkson. Notice of steps in the religious
progress of the late, 200.
Comments on the above, 230.
Reminiscence of, 246.
ShOlitoe Thomas. The early religious experience of,
329.
Silence. The value of, 103.
Simpson James. Lines on the character of, 236.
Reminiscences of, 406.
Simpson John. Instructive anecdote of, 7.
Singing. Formal, in meetings for worship testified
against by early Friends, 255.
Sin. Excusing, is incompatible with genuine repent-
ance, 119.
Eemarks on pleading for, 290.
Sincerity and humility. Remarks on, 190.
Slave. Notice of Abraham Grant, a Methodist bishop,
formerly a, 218.
Slavery. Reminiscences of slaves escaping from, 2. 70.
in Zanzibar. Remarks on, 63. 134. 398.
The Kroo mark, as a safeguard against, 70.
The continuance of slave-hunting in Africa at
the present day, 116. 134.
in Zanzibar and Pemba. The abolition of. ex-
pected soon, 167.
in Madagascar. The abolition of, proclaimed,
167.
Incident in the early life of a Methodist bishop
in connection with, 188.
Account of the recent, of Gilbert Islanders in
Guatemala, 278.
Abolition of, in the Niger territories of Africa,
Sixth Month 19th, 1*97, 367.
Slavery. .\1 olition of, in Zanzibar and Pemba, Fourth
Smith ( ieorge, of England, the children's friend. Brief
account of the laboi-s of, 375.
Soliloquy on a tree of peculiar growth. A, 279.
Sorrow. On being schooled in, 215.
Spain. The decline of, and misery of, through war,
Spare the children's feet. Incident entitled, 260.
Speech. Direc!ne.><~ in, recommended, 3-55.
Sponges. On the collection of, in the Bahama Islands,
35.S.
.Stars. Notice of, revolving in short periods, 2.38.
The advantage of a large telescope in viewing
the, 343.
.Stewardship. The obligations of, should impress our
whole lives. 348.
Stratton Barclay. .■Vccount of the trial of the faith of,
in maintaining his testimony against war, 29.
Stiiving for the strait gate. Essay entitled, 300.
Stocks. The punishment of the, 195.
Submission of soul to Ciod the fruitful ground of liv-
ing Gospel ministry, 14.
Sulphur. Novel method of mining, in S. W. Louis-
Summarv of Events, 8. 16. 24. 32. 39. 47. 55. 6.3. 72.
80. 88! 96. 104. !! 2. i-_'o 12- l"". 144. i "2. 160. 167.
175. 184. 192. 2m ' ■■•'■ -•' 'J- V --'-::■'. 248. 256.
264.272.2-0.-- l . ; _~. ::;36. 344.
352. 359. 368. :;;-, .-:. . - ,■-. .' ^ ..-i.
Summer in the city -iunis, 2ii.
Sun. Observa ions during a total eclipse of the, 127.
Surgery Notice of the discovery of the use of animal
membrane as ligatures in. 191.
Supper. The preaching of the, as a rite, a cause of
stumbling to many, 166.
Sympathy. The need of, by broken hearts, 93.
" Sunday Breakfast .\ssociation." Notice of the pro-
ceedings of, 3 1 5.
Sweden. The variety theatre and music hall abol-
ished in, 338.
Switzerland. Letters from, 370. 378.
Taber, William R. Reverent expressions of, in old
age, 3l!3.
Taylor Ann. of Ohio. Remarkable account of. 291.
Taylor William, a Methodist Bishop. Incidents in
the life of, 204. 214. 218.
Comments on the above, 21.5.
Telescope Account of the large Yerkes, near Chicago,
111., 343.
Temptation. Tender advice to those who have yielded
to, 12.
Remarks on the results of yielding to, 298.
Tenant. The out-going, should provide for the in-com-
ing, 341.
Terra del Fuego. Brief account of, 18.
Theatre. Ought Christians to patronize the, by Theo-
dore L. Cuyler, 46.
Eemarks of Newman Hall against the, 165.
The depravity of the, 183.
Remarks on the debasing effects of the, upon
actors, 252.
The variety, abolished in Sweden, 338.
Thief. A, captured, condemned and reformed, 69.
Thomas Rees, of Radnor, Pa. Brief mention of, 60.
Abel. Letter of, to Thomas and Marv Wister,
381.
Tides. The force of the, used to raise heavy weights,
832.
Time work or piece-work. Extract entitled, 149.
'• To be spiritually-minded is life and peace." Essay
entitled "and comments, 284.
Remarks on the above, 347.
Tobacco. Illustration of the poisonous efiects of, 2.
The waste of money in, 46.
The efi'ect of the cultivation of, upon the morals
of a community, 83.
Evils attending the cultivation and dealing in,
91. _
Experience of Sammy Hick in giving up the
use of, 163.
The use of, relinquished by a person under Di-
vine requiring, 186.
The danger to the souls of those who use, 239.
Remarks against accepting a gift by Guilford
College, N. C, from Duke Bros., manufactur-
ers of, 362.
a hard and unclean master, 374.
No smokers of, emploved in Ager's paper mill,
380.
Tract Repository. Statement of the cost of the, for
1896, 21.5.
Trust funds. Liberties never to be taken with. 14.
Truth. Remarks of Richard Shackleton on the bless-
edness of an experimental knowledge of the, liTl.
Truthfulness and sincerity exemplified in George Fox,
284.
Tubman Harriet, formerly a slave. Remarkable ca-
reer of, 21.
Tulip, and its story. The, 359.
Turkey in Asia. Report of Edward M. Wister respect-
ing his distribution of funds for sufierers in, 6S.
Unitarian. The convincement of an, SiO.
United States, On the transporting of the mail from
the, to Great Britain, 82.
On the moral questions of the late electoral
campaign in the, 122. 159. 221.
Remarks on the present condition of 149
Notice of a sectarian movement on the property
of. at West Point, 151.
_ Notice of the completion of a transcontinental
base line in the, 158.
On the progress of the civil service ref irm in
the, 205.
On the real character of the late Presidential
canvass in the, 221.
Notice of the arbitration treaty between the,
and Great Britain, 223. 247. 279.
The general distribution of wealth in the, 231.
The rapidly increasing commerce of the Great
Lakes, 347.
Vaccine farm Account of a visit to a, 174.
Vegetation. Remarks on the origin of, 314.
Venezuela. Notice of a probable peaceful issue of the
question of the boundary line of, 159.
Visit to Ocean City, N. J. Account of a, 106.
Valley Forge, Pa. Account of a, 124.
Baker's marble quarry. Account of a, 147.
Logan's quarrv. Account of a, 171.
Florida. A, 307, 316.
Pink Hill. A, 34S.
Ancora. A, 379. 388.
Vision respecting the professing church. A, 262.
Visitation to the souls of men. Remarks on Divine,
243.
Volcanic action in connection with the Great Rift
Valley, of East Africa, 1 1 6.
Vote. (Jonsideralions addressed to Friends upon ex-
ercising the right to, 107.
Commenis on the above. 111.
How the women, in Colorado, 1 15.
Wain Nicolas. Remark of, on the business of a law-
yer, 150.
Lines on the cliaracter of, 236.
"War. .Account of the testimony borne by Barclay
Stratton, against, 29.
An appeal to professing Christians in regard to,
issued by Friends in Phila., 30. 111. 355.
Touching incident of, entitled "A baby among
the slain," 94. _ _ :
Remarks on the impoverishment caused by, in
Spain and Italy, 103.
believed to be inconsistent with Christianity by
Schwenkl'el.lers, 115.
On the treatment of Africa by so-called Chris-
tian nations, 116.
Misery in Spain through, 127.
Misery in Italy through, 141.
Testimony of an army surgeon on the agony
caused by, 143.
Against the teaching of, in history text books,
171.
Hopeful indications that, will cease, 196.
War. Notice of the arbitration treaty between the
United States and (ireat Britain, 223. 247.
The absurdity of, 245.
Account of the persecution of the Doukhobors
in Russia for tlieir testimony against, 258.
Review of the recent progress of peace in the
world, 263.
Ni thing more unnaturally wicked than, 268.
The effect of the Boy's Brigade in f istering the
spirit of 274.
I )l)ligatory military service in France a power-
ful agent of Socialism, 282.
The disgraceful silence of bishops in the English
House of Lords in reference to expenditures
for, 324.
The concert of the European powers may be
ertective in preventing, 326.
Two-thirds of the national income of England
used in paying the debts of, 326.
The curse of Austrian militarism, 333.
Letter of admiration from peace women in France
to Menelik. King of Abyssinia, 364.
Remarks on the building of the battle-ship loxca,
Remarks of A. Ballou on, as a vast system of
manslaughter, 381.
The hope of General U. .S. Grant that arbitra- 1
tion will eventually prevail instead of, 386.
Notice of the Lake Mohonk conference on in-
ternational arbitration, 397.
Warned in a dream. Extract entitle!, 82.
Washington Cieneral. Brief mention of, 386.
Watson .James, of West Chester, New York, an old '
sea captain 234.
Way for men to get their rights. Extract entitled, A
218.
Waste and hard times. Remarks on, 46.
Weather. Statistics of, in .Santa Barbara, Cal., 63.
Eflects of severe cold, 215. i
Webb Deborah B. Diai-y and letters of, 1. 9. 17. 25.
33. 41. 49. .57. 65. 73. 81. 89. 97. 10-5. 113.
121. 129. 137. 145. 153. 161. 169. 177. 185.,
193. 201. 209, 217 225. 233. 241. 249. 257. ,
265. 273. 281. 289. 297. 305. 313. 321.
Comments on the above, 186.
Wealth. The general distribution of in the United
States, 231.
Water. On obtaining gold from sea, 302.
used in irrigation. New experiences in regard i
to, 303. I
Westphalian Quakers. Notice of, 51. 58. 101. i
Westtown Boarding School Notice of an association
of old scholars of, 207.
Intercollegiate games should be discouraged at.
What is the cause, and what shall be the remedy. Es-
say entitled, 226.
Whately Archbish'''p, sustained in death bv his faith
in Christ, 54.
Which is the more profitable '/ Essay entitled, 124.
AVhipple Bishop, and his horse Bashaw, 133. j
Whitehe.id Ci-eoi-ge, defends Friends from paying a
tax for preacliing, as they receive no pecuniary re- :
turn, 50.
Who is to blame '! Remarks on the downfall of nations,
entitled, 322.
Whittier John G. Reminiscences concerning, 52.
Will you decide to-day ? Extract entitled, 308.
Winter Walk. A, 229.
Witchcraft among tribes in Liberia, 109.
The sass-wood ordeal for, 1 14.
Wilderness ever encroaching. The, 380.
Wood Henry. Anecdote of the late, of Trenton, N
J., 150.
Woolman John. On the character of, as shown in hii
business as a tailor, 187.
Woman in medicine. Account of Elizabeth Black
well's first appearance in a medical college
119.
in Decatur, Mich. Prominent positions in, fillet
by, 284.
Word in season is better than fine gold. A, 235.
AVorship. Reminiscences of the attendance of meet-
ings for, 84.
Notice of the ob.~ervance of a " quiet day,' for
etc., i-ecommended by the Evangelical Alii
ance, 178.
Account by Edward Bnrrough of the meeting:
for, of the early Friends, 190.
Formal singing in public, testified against by
early Friends. 255.
The testimony of Gieorge Fox to the spirituality
of, 277.
The attractions of " art" a hindrance to, 37i
Yearly Meeting Canada, 1896. Notice of proceedings
of, 15.
Minute of advice of, addressed to its mem
be 1-8,36.
Canada, 1897. Notice of proceedings of, 407.
Dublin, 1897. Notice of proceedings of. 37-5.
Iowa, 1896. Notice of the proceedings of, 1 1 9.
Kansas. 1896 (Conservative). Epistle of Huldah
M. Beede to, 269.
London. Epistle of caution and counsel to pa-
rents by, in 1723, 117.
Meeting for Sufferings of. Notice of pro-
ceedings of 375.
1897. Notice of, 376. 383. 398._ _
Comments on the anomalous position of, 407.
New England (held at W'esterly R. I.), 1896.
Notice of the proceedings of , 5. 1 6. 24.
North Carolina, 1896. Notice of proceedings
of, 77.
Ohio, 1896. Notice of proceedings of, 95. 100.
Philadelphia, An appeal to professing Chri
tians issued by the Meeting for Sufferings
of, 30. 111. 355.
On the causes which have marred the unity
formerly existing between, and London
Yearly Meeting, 39.
Remarks on the recent decease of several,
valued members of, 215. 234.
Memorial of the Meeting for Sufferings of,
respecting the pending treaty of arbitra-
tion with England, 247.
Account ol the proceedings of, 1897, 319.
327. 367.
Minute of, 1897. On the exercises of the,
meeting, 349.
Notice of an epistle issued by, to all bearing '
the name of Friends, 327.' 367. 382, 383.
Brief narrative in relation to the position of. i
Remarks on, 393.
Notice of late proceedings of the fleeting for
Sufierings of, 399.
Western, 1896. Notice of proceedings of, 149.
Y'oung. .An address to the, 205.
Illustrations of the importance of carefully
guarding conversation before the, 246.
Tender advice to the, upon maintaining the
principles and testimonies of Friends, 250.
Comments on the above, 279.
Appeal of William Penn to the, 283.
THE FRIEND.
A Religious and Literary Journal.
VOL. LXX.
SEVENTH-DAY, SEVENTH MONTH 25, 1896.
No. 1.
PUBLISHED WEEKLY.
Price, if paid in advance, $2.00 per annum.
ibseriptiom, payments and business communications
received by
Edwin P. Sellew, Publisher,
No. 207 Walnut Place,
iS mth from Walnut Street, between Third and Fourth,)
PHILADELPHIA.
Articles designed /or insertion to be addi-essed to
JOSEPH WALTON,
MooEESTOWN, Burlington Co., N. J.
! Philadeli^hii
Entered i
: second-class i
I P.O.
)iary and Letters of Deborah Brooks Webb.
She was the daughter of Adam and Hepzibah
3rooks, and was born in Scituate, Massachu-
etts, on the nineteenth day of the Fourth
tfonth, 1830.
When she was quite young her parents removed
0 the neighborhood of Philadelphia, but of this
)eriod of her life we have very little knowledge,
intil the commencement of her diary, in the
lixteenth year of her age. It is difficult for
hose who only knew her in later life and re-
neniber her plain, simple appearance, to realize
liat she was particularly fond of a gay dress,
md was, she said, very determined " never to
)e a Friend." It does not appear, however, that
;he felt easy on these points, and soon, "like
Paul, when the Unseen One spoke," her heart
•esponded, and she " lay a learner at the Sa-
.fiour's feet." But her will was strong and she
massed through many deep exercises and sore
jonflicts of spirit before she was truly willing
;o bear the cross and become, as she afterwards
lid in a conspicuous manner, a meek and lowly
lisciple of the dear Saviour, and a rightly cora-
nissioned advocate of his glorious " cause of
rruth and righteousness in the earth." As a
ninister she was weighty in spirit, sound in
loctrine, and remarkably favored to give ex-
Dression to her concern in a clear and concise
nanner. Her voice was pleasant, and she en-
leared herself to those among whom she labored,
mrticularly the young, by her ready sympathy
ind loving charity.
As a teacher, in which occupation so many
rears of her life were spent, she was much be-
,oved, and many, even some who are not mem-
Ders of her own Society, look back with interest
[ind satisfaction to the time spent in her school.
iFhe following extracts from a letter addressed
\jD her by a former pupil, give such a beautiful
picture of her love of, and exercise for, the little
)nes entrusted to her, it is thought it may be
nteresting, and perhaps instructive, to others
jffho have the care of little children. The letter
s dated Eleventh Month 8th, 1884, and says.
The time spent in thy school was a happy
time. How my childish life is recalled, as I
sit in the same room, after my children are
?one. I think few persons understood my con-
trary character when I was a child, and I do
know that, when others thought me the quietest.
I was having long, hard struggles with myself,
always my worst enemy. Little things gave me
most impressive lessons. I have alwaj's wanted
to tell thee that I have never forgotten one af-
ternoon that thee spent with me at school. I
had done something in school for which thee
thought best to keep me in. I remember that,
after the other children had all gone, thee
called me up to thee and took me upon thy lap,
talking to me earnestly about the sinfulness of
not obeying the "still, small voice," and telling
me about the good there is in store for those who
love the Lord. I do not know how long I sat
there, but I know that it was growing dusk when
thee put me down and kneeled down and prayed
for me. Then thee kissed me and let me go,
and I remember with what a sense of awe, a
et, solemn hush, I left the room. I think I
can never forget that afternoon."
D. B. W. was remarkable for her implicit
faith, child-like faith in and nearness to her
Saviour, taking all her joys and .sorrows to
Him, seeking his counsel in all her engage-
ments, both temporal and spiritual. She would
sometimes say, "He promised it," with unques-
tioning faith. She said she had a long, hard
conflict to find her Saviour, but when she did
find Him, He never seemed to leav^e her. When
she sought Him, He was always to be found,
and she did seem wonderfully clear of the doubts
and fears of which so many of the Lord's dedi-
cated ones have largely to partake to the very
end. The first entries in her diary are written
with child-like simplicity, showing very crude
ideas on most subjects, particularly on those of
a religious nature, but it was thought it may
be interesting to trace her progress from this
child-like condition to that nf a "young man, a
strong man, and finally a pillar in the Church
that shall go no more out."
She went to Cautwell's Bridge, Delaware, to
teach school, and thus commences her diary :
1846. Third Month 28th.— Started from
Philadelphia at eight o'clock and arrived at
Port Penn at one. Waited at the tavern until
four, when Joshua Fennimore came after me,
and arrived home about six o'clock.
29th. — Went to church with the family. We
had a very good sermon, the text was Hebrews,
second chapter, second verse. The bishop will
be here the first Sunday in May. The minister
gave the persons who were not members an in-
vitation to come forward for confirmation, and
to those who were unwilling to do it he said,
" Why will ye die?"
.30th. — Commenced this day with a walk
upon the hill, and began school at the usual
time, nine o'clock. Got along very well with
our studies. It was a pleasant day.
Fourth Month 1st. — Proceeded with the usual
business of the school. Walked to a small white
house at the corner. I find botany a very in
teresting study.
2nd. — Took a long walk into the woods ; gath
ered some maple blossoms and small white
flowers. I tried to analyze them, but could not
I Left one to analyze hereafter.
4th. — This farm was an extensive forest about
seven or eight years ago. It was owned by a
company called the " Fish Company." Mr.
Fennimore bought it of Joseph Burr, who, from
what I understand, purchased it of the com-
pany.
5th. — I did not go to church to-day. Read
in the Bible and United States History and
wrote in the afternoon.
8th. — It has been raining to day, but seems
pleasant now. Did not take any walk. Cipher-
ed considerable and studied some. Invincible
means inexhaustible.
9th. — Continued the same course as usual and
helped to set out some flowers. Tried to analyze
a dafty, but there was no description like it in
the botany. Took a walk to the Pea Patch with
the children.
Learned from Mrs. Fennimore that, when we
could stand on the ground and put our right
foot on the head of our shadow it is noon ; also
hat when a direct line can be drawn from the
op of the shadow of a tree to the sun, it is noon,
but if the shadow slanted either to the right or
left, it is before or after noon. I cannot under-
stand the last sign.
10th. — I pursued my usual course. It is
" Good Friday," so-called ft^m the day on
which our Saviour's crucifixion took place, it
being the sixth day of the week.
12th. — It storms to-day. It is " Easter Sun-
day," so called from its being the day on which
Christ ascended into heaven, or the day on
which He rose from the dead, being the tiiird
day after his death. It seems strange to me why
the Quakers never notice any of these days, nor
teach their children to notice them in the least.
13th. — Took a short walk this morning and
gathered some spice-wood blossoms. Thej' are
very pleasant to the taste and good to make a
tea for horses shedding their hair. The blossom
is yellow, the wood is of a greyish color. The
blossom grows in clusters, up and down the
stems, like the maple.
16th. — Rose early this morning and took a
walk before breakfast. The folks think I shall
be liable to take the chills from the morning
dew.
ITth.^Took a long walk with the children at
noon. Gathered a variety of flowers, of which I
do not know the names. We met with a snake
in the woods. It being a black snake we did
not run far from it.
18th. — Took no walk, but helped to sweep
the yard, which is very good exercise.
19th.— My birth-day. I am now sixteen years
old. It being Sabbath-day I went to church
with the family. We had a very good sermon.
The test was taken from St. John, fifth chap-
ter and fourth verse, "And ye will not come
unto Me, that ye might have life."
I am now just entering my seventeenth year.
I have five scholars, and expect three more to-
morrow. I hope that I shall be enabled to rouse
their energies and strengthen their memories by
the help of Him who sees all our actions and
I knows all our thoughts and feelings.
THE FRIEND.
1847. Third Month 13th.— I have neglected
my Journal a long time. Now I hope to continue
it steadily. I have been going to school during
the past winter, and am now teaching school at
Cinnaminson, New Jersey. I hope to get along
well with my school by having help from God,
for without Him I am certain I can do nothing.
I hope He will grant me his mercy and show
me my sins, for I feel that 1 have done a great
deal that is wrong.
19th.— I have not behaved myself properly
in school this day. I have given myself up to
too much mirth, especially when the second
class was reading. Have had to punish one
boy a little. May I become more sedate.
20th. — Went home in the morning.
21st. — Being very stormy, we did not go to
meeting. Mother was not very well either. I
read considerable in the Bible. After it I got
to thinking about myself, and I thought I would
become part plain, and then I would get plainer
when I got older. But a thought came into my
mind that I should be like Ananias and Sap-
phira, of whom we read in the Bible.
24th. — Have been quite well to-day and have
got along very well with my school, and have
been enabled to keep rather more of a sober
countenance.
28th.— Being First-day, I did not go home,
but remained at Friend Thomas', and read a
great part of the time, and I find, according to
what I read, that I am very vain, and I am
going to try to break myself of such a sin, for I
found it was a very predominant sin in me. I
fear there is some envy in me which I should
guard against. I must remember, at the same
time, that I can do nothing of myself.
30th. — I have been enabled to keep my coun-
tenance more sober than usual to-day, and I
hope I may put my trust in Him who will al-
ways lead me rightly.
31st. — I have had trouble in my school to-
day, and do not know what to do with some I
have now here, but hope to do rightly by them,
and that I may never have any more trouble
with them.
Fourth Month 12th.— I have resolved that I
will try not to laugh once during the coming
week in school ; that I will set down every de-
parture from my resolution, and also that my
conduct be reserved at the school-house. I have
not succeeded quite so well as I expected, but
think I shall be able to free myself from my
fault by close application to my plan.
I was reading yesterday, in the life of Henry
Martyn, a missionary in India. I found by
some things that I was far from being in the
right coui-se as to my S')ul, and I hope to im-
prove by all I read and hear. I find that I do
not consider myself enough in debt to Him.
13th. — I have laughed more to-day than yes-
terday, and I do not know what it is that makes
me so neglectful of my duty.
(To be continued.)
In Liberia the chimpanzees are called by the
natives " old-time people." Prof. O. F. Cook
states that they dig land-crabs out of their bur-
rows and crack them on stones, and are also said
to crack nuts between stones, " quite man-fa-sh-
ion," and to grasp the python or boa by the neck
and bruise its head with a stone. In a footnote
in Science it is added that Major Battersby
mentions that in the Barbadoes a capuchin
monkey captures crabs in a similar way. " His
method is to knock it about with his paw by
quick pats until it is sufficiently dazed to give
him a chance of smashing its claw with a large
stone."
Trees of Formosa.
Talloiu tree Uiillingia (nebifera). The berry
of this tree, after the covering falls oft', is about
the size of the pea, whitish in color and hangs
in clusters from the branches. The tallow is
extracted from the berry by pressure, and is
made into candles, which, when painted red,
are used for idol woi-ship, especially in Bud-
dhistic temples. The leaves of the tree resemble
those of the Canadian poplar, but in autumn
they assume the red and yellow tints of the soft
maple.
Camphor {Laurus camphora). Camphor-trees
are the largest in the forests. On measuring
one, I found it twenty-five feet in circumference
There is in my possession a plank which a hun-
dred years ago was the end of a native chiefs
house. It is a single piece, of more than eight
feet square, and on it are many aboriginal carv-
ings. Camphor-gum does not run like sap from
the sugar-maple, nor does it exude like pitch
from the pine. It is procured in the following
way : An adze half an inch broad and with a
handle two feet long, is used as a gouge. With
this the roots, stumps and branches of the tree
are chipped. These chips are collected and
placed in a sort of covered steamer, over boiling
water. In due course the gum is distilled and
sublimates on the inside of the vessel like hoar-
frost. The process of distilling is continued
until a sufficient quantity is collected, when it
is put up in tubs for export. As the demand is
great in European countries, the camphor in-
dustry is one of the most important on the
islands.
Paper-plant {ar alia papyrif era). — The so-called
rice-paper is made from the pith of this plant.
The roll of pith, varying from half an inch to
three inches in diameter, is cut into pieces ac-
cording to the width of paper desired. It is
then placed upon a very smooth tile, shaped
somewhat after the fashion of a slate, with a
brass frame, the thickness of the paper, raised
above the edges. The operator, having made
the pith perfectly smooth and cylindrical, rolls
it backward over the tile with his left hand, and
with his right pares it concentrically, with a
long, sharp, thick-backed knife. The knife rests
on the brass frame, which serves as a gauge and
is drawn steadily back and forth. A beautiful
paper is thus cut, which is used in making ar-
tificial flowers, or is exported to Hong Kong,
where it is used in the manufacture of sun-hats.
Chinese artists find large employment in paint-
ing cards of this paper, which are readily dis-
posed of to European and American tourists.
Banian {Ficus Indica). — There can be no
doubt that the banian is a long-lived tree. Of
all the several hundred trees now in the college
grounds at Tamsui, I planted every one from
small branches, two inches through aud five or
six feet long. These were cut from large trees,
which survived centuries of tropical storm. The
banian is an evergreen, with rootlets running
from the branches, which, if not interfered with,
eventually reach the ground, take root, and
grow as a support to the tree. The process of
extension and reduplication may go on until
the branches, supported by their self-produced
pillars, cover a vast area and the original tree
becomes an evergreen canopy, under which
thousands may find shelter.
Varnish Iree {Rhus vemici/era). — The exuda-
tions from this tree become an excellent var-
nish, but it must be used in a dark room, and
the varnished article must be left there until it
is thoroughly dry. It is very poisonous, and the
effect on different persons is very singular. 1 1
was once in a cabinet-maker's establishment,
remaining only a few minutes, but such was the
efte«t of the varnish poison that for three days
afterwards my fingers were swollen to three
times iheir normal size, my face had a dropsi-
cal appearance, and my eyelids could scarcely,
be opened. It was not so painful, but it was-
very irritating and intensely disagreeable. The
natives now eat the fruit, though, doubtless,
in days gone by, they dipped their arrows in thei
excretion to make them deadly weapons.
Bamboo {Bambiisa arundinacea). — There
one large species which is split and made into
baskets, hoops, etc. Another kind grows
about the size of a large fishing-rod. There is;
still another, with small and feathery leaves,,
which is planted for hedges. The young shootSi
are cut off and used for pickles. Boats,
bridges, baskets, chairs, hen-coops, bird-c
jars, water-vessels, pipes, lamps, beds, masts,
doors, hoops, mats, paper, are all made from
this indispensable grass. The savages also make
ear-rings out of it, aud the only musical instru-
ments they possess. It is to the Chinese what
the cocoauut is to the South Sea Islander and
the date-palm to the African. It rarely flowers
or produces seed, so that when flowers are seen,
those who are very superstitious declare that
some great change will certainly soon take
place.
Sedge. Ka-pek-sun ( Cyperus). — This is a sedge
found in drains, water-courses and rivulets. The
shoots, in the autumn, are used daily at meals.
The root, when sliced is of a whitish color, with
black spots. It is truly a well-flavored, palatable
vegetable.
Tobacco (Nicoiiana tabaffUTn). — On the east-
ern coast tobacco grows sometimes ten feet high.
I never saw a living creature put to death more
expeditiously than was a venomous serpent one
day when we were erecting Oxford College. He
was found under a heap of tiles. One laborer
pinned him to the ground with a pole. Another
took from his tobacco-pipe a small quantity of
nicotine and put it to the mouth of the reptile.
Instantly his snakeship drew himself up, stretch-
ed himself out, shuddered, and, being released,
turned his whitish belly upward and expired.
I would have thought this incredible had I not
witnessed it. It should be stated, however, that
the said pipe was an heir-loom for four genera-
tions. No wonder the nicotine was somewhat
rank. — G. L. Machay's Formosa.
A Reminiscence.
Reading the article, " Recollections of Anti-
Slavery Times," in The Friend of Fourth
Month 25th, 1896, so refreshed in my memory
some of the sad scenes of my early manhood,
and the many sad statements that I have lis-
tened to from the lips of fugitives, that my mindi
was at once prepared to take it all in as being
entirely in keeping with the feelings that very
naturally attend on such a condition. Who of
us would not scale a board-fence or leap over a
dye-kettle to escape a merciless pursuer? I feel
a freedom to inform Graceanna Lewis that, in
my early manhood, my home was on what I
will call a side-track of what was ironically
called the underground railroad. This appel-
lation I have understood to have been given by
the defunct slave-hunters, because of their utter
inability to get any clue to the objects of their
pursuit, though I fiave known them to come so
close that the fugitives could recognize the voice
of their would-be masters, as they rode briskly
"" the public highway in the dark, while the
shivering blacks crouched
the bushes in
THE FRIEND.
be fence-corner, scarcely out of reach of their
)aded whips. The writer can easily imagine
he draw it made on the pantry and hiead-
hest to provide for Raehie, for I well remera-
ler the time when we had to make up a hur-
led lucheon for fifteen, men, women and chil-
iren, and, more than that, we had to provide a
onveyance for them to our next station, for
ere their former conductors must needs turn
lack, so as to make sure of getting to their re-
pective homes ere daylight opened on them,
mmediately after the repast was over, the great
reek was to cros-s, and it was so swollen by the
iielting snow and rain that it could not be
brded. We having foreseen this, a messenger
lad been dispatched timely to inform our friends
it the next station that we were in need of help,
f they pleased to meet us at such an hour at
Ford, provided to carry so many men,
romen and children. All worked well, the
lounection was made, the fugitives were set
afely over the creek, at the same dangerous
)Iace that Jacob and Annie Branson passed
hrough, and it is presumed that their would-
)e owners never heard of them, as they travelled
knly at night. It was vastly interesting to the
writer to hear those dear people relate the ad-
ventures of thir escape. As all had to cross the
;reat Ohio River, some have told me of making
I raft of the rails from massa's fence, others of
snowing where a skiff was wont to be left,
ocked to a tree, and they would provide for
letaehing it. Others have floated themselves
iver on great cakes of ice. What manly form,
ialled on by such adventurers, could but re-
ipond, "As I would ye should do to me, do I
iven so to you." W. P. D.
, For -'The Friend."
fhe Tendency of Bible or First-day Schools
i Among Friends.
I There seems to be of late a growing tendency
|;oward the establishment and maintenance of
;he above schools within the limits of Philadel-
ohia Yearly Meeting, and perhaps of other Con-
servative Friends' Yearly Meetings in America.
3f course, it is a well-known fact that those
Yearly Meetings known as the " Fast" bodies
have had them for nearly a half century, and
those who separated in 1827 for about twenty-
5ve years. London and Dublin Yearly Meet-
ings have them also.
There doubtless has been a degree of honest
intention and earnest desire to do good in the
promoters of Bible schools, but that these schools
have been subversive of our principles and have
tended to disturb the harmony and to cloud the
testimony of the Society is painfully apparent.
An incident related of Christopher Healy when
he was at one time travelling on his Master's
errands in England, seems applicable to the
condition of things in later days, and it savors
30 much of prophetic utterance and has such
force of meaning, that it may not be amiss to
relate it. It is stated that on one occasion he
was at the house of a woman member in that
country, and she offered an excuse for her
daughter's absence by informing him she was
out, attending a Bible Society. " Yes," replied
Christopher ; " Bible society, missionary society,
temperance society and^out of Society." A
little humorous, perhap?, but none the less a
true and sad fact, which has been too much
verified by the fruits of such organizations in
later days.
That there have been at times a true religious
concern on the part of rightly exercised Friends
to engage in something of the nature of what
might be termed a First-day school, though
diflTering widely as to the methods commonly
adopted at the present day, the writer by no
means questions. Even in our own time we
might point to Friends who felt that the Great
Head of the Church had called them to the
work of gathering certain children of those
both within and outside of our Society into their
homes, for the purpose of reading to them the
Holy Scriptures and other approved religious
writings, with times of silent waiting, and vocal
ministry by way of exhortation or otherwise, as
they felt drawn to give, in the life and author-
ity vouchsafed by the Divine Master, who had
thus called them into his service. They would
at times have the children to memorize selected
portions of Scripture or religious poetry or
prose. Such service, when rightly called for, at
the hands of consistent, faithful, devoted ser-
vants and handmaidens, has ever been approved
and encouraged by Friends. And when such
concerns are presented to Friends for their ap-
proval and support, it is to be expected that
they treat them as any other religious labor, for
there is no rule in our discipline limiting ser-
vice which the Great Shepherd calls for at our
hands. To a greater or less extent, secular
schools conducted by Friends have always had
an alloted portion of time of each week devoted
to a recitation of portions of Scripture. Our
objections are not to anything of this character,
but to something more subtle in its workings.
It is needless to go into an extended expla-
nation of the belief of Friends in the Scriptures
and in the propriety of diligently reading those
excellent writings, which oftentimes are truly a
comfort to the faint and struggling traveller
Zionward. Our views along this line have been
reiterated times without number, for we have
always esteemed them holy writings, precious
alike for their glorious promises and for their
solemn warnings, handed down to us through a
kind and merciful Providence, and that they
are indeed " able to make us wise unto salva-
tion, through faith which is in Christ Jesus;"
so that we, through the comfort and consolation
of them, might have hope, in seeing what was
the reward of faithful saints of old who, perse-
veringly and with a whole heart, denied them-
selves in the fading pleasures and selfish grati-
fications of this life, to obtain a surer and a
greater inheritance. I will add one quotation
from the discipline of Philadelphia Yearly
Meeting, extracted from the minutes of 1732,
showing the esteem of that body for the Holy
Scriptures and its desire that all Friends might
become thoroughly familiar with them. It is as
follows, " We tenderly and earnestly advise and
exhort all parents and heads of families that
they endeavor to instruct their children and
families in the doctrines and precepts of the
Christian religion as contained in the Holy
Scriptures, and that they excite them to a dili-
gent reading of those excellent writings."
The testimony Friends bear against the study
of the Scriptures is against seeking to compre-
hend their deep spiritual meaning by the natu-
ral wisdom and will of man. These are methods
too commonly and almost inevitably practised
and encouraged by the system of First-day
schools. The testimony we bear against these
methods is the same we have always borne
against worship and ministry performed in man's
will and outside of the movings and drawings
of the Spirit of Truth. We believe it requires
the savor of Divine life, the anointing of the
Holy One, to prepare and enable us to do work
for Him in any religious sphere whatever, either
within or outside of the Church. We cannot
accept a double standard — one which conde-
scends to the views and methods of people un-
acquainted with us, and the other which recog-
nizes the essentiality of the pointings of the
Divine finger. That would, it seems to us, be
incompatible with Truth and would betray a
weakness and a stultifying want of confidence
in our own principles.
We cannot suppose that if " prophecy came
not in old time by the will of man, but holy
men of God spake (and wrote) as they were
moved by the Holy Ghost," the interpretation
of these sacred precepts and prophecies can come
from a lower source. We surely must have a
measure (be it never so small) of that same
light in which they were written, before we can
comprehend them to our spiritual advancement.
If we were to lower our testimony against the
common methods of Biiile study, we must, to
be consistent, lower our testimony against will-
worship and man-made and man-timed ministry.
If we may, at our pleasure and at a set time,
study the Bible to profit, as we do a book of
natural history or philosophy — for that is the
too easy assumption of all associated eff^jrts in
merely confederate organizations — and thereby
unlock the hidden treasures of spiritual know-
ledge and wisdom, why may we not by the same
method preach the Gospel, and thereby convert
the world ? What would be the need then for
silent waiting? And would it not then be an
idle whiling away of our time to seek in medi-
tation and prayer in our silent gatherings for
that which is thus assumed to lie open to us in
Sacred Writ, and which may be obtained for
the mere study? There is no difference, it
seems to us, between studying spiritual truths
by natural comprehension in the Scriptures and
studying how to apply and preach those truths
for the edification, comfort and conversion of
our hearers. If these were the methods ordained
by the Great Head of the Church for receiving
and delivering the message of life and salvation
to a lost and undone world, we must conclude
that the most learned in natural knowledge who
would thus apply themselves would be the most
competent workers and the most pious saints of
Christ on earth. The testimony of the Apostle
Paul would thus be without any truth, viz :
That the wisdom of this world is foolishness
with God ; that the world by wisdom knew not
God, and that He takes of the weak things and
the foolish and the base things of the world,
yea, things which are despised, "hath God
chosen," saith the apostle, and things which are
not, to confound the wise and bring to naught
things that are, so that no flesh might glory in
his presence. With this comports that loving
declaration of our Saviour, " I thank thee, oh,
Father, Lord of heaven and earth, that thoa
hast hid these things from the wise and prudent
and revealed them unto babes ; for so, Father,
it seemed good in thy sight."
While we believe the Lord has given us fac-
ulties to reason out natural truths and to solve
problems [for the sustenance and maintenance
of our physical being, we cannot believe He has
given us these faculties to seek and comprehend
spiritual truths, and thereby open up to us the
way of life and salvation. He has promised us
his Spirit for the latter purpose to guide and
lead us into ail truth.
" The natural man receiveth not the things
of the Spirit of God, . . . neither can he
know them, because they [the things of God]
are spiritually discerned ; but he that is spirit-
ual judgeth all things" (1 Cor. ii: 14, 15).
THE FRIEND.
We know too well this tendency of the com-
mon system of First-day schools to seduce our
members from the support of our principles,
and to produce schism within our borders, to
be induced to withdraw our disapprobation
from, and our protest against them. We believe
we should lose ground and go back to what
Friends were called out of if we were to do so.
From the premeditated lesson of the Bible
class comes the customary opening and closing
prayer by those at other times not heard in our
meetings, then the usual hymn-singing and the
address to the scholars, and finally, the stated re-
ligious " experience" meeting. This is as far as
we in Philadelphia Yearly Meeting have yet
gotten, but who can say there is no more to fol-
low? When this system of Bible schools be-
comes thoroughly intrenched within our borders,
the nest question probably is, " Will the Yearly
jNIeeting adopt it and carry it on (as other
Yearly Meetings do), as part of its religious
concern ?" We may console ourselves with the
fancy that there is no danger whatever, that
Philadelphia Yearly Meeting has kept well to
the ancient principles and testimonies of Friends
thus far, and we hope she will continue to do
so. This certainly is the great desire and prayer
of the writer; but we must do more than wish
and hope in an indifferent manner. Each one
of us must be faithful to what is shown to hiuj
or to her. If we sow to the wind we must ex-
pect to reap the whirlwind.
There is already an organization in our midst
antagonistic to the regular order of the Society
respecting ministry and worship as still upheld
among us. It is composed almost wholly of
members of Philadelphia Yearly Meeting, and
is known as "The Women Friends' Foreign
Missionary Society." It is organized to send
religious workers to Japan, China and other
foreign countries, without consulting the regu-
lar established order of Society. I venture to
say that the overseers of our various meetings
to which these members belong rarely deal with
them for this transgression of discipline. The
said society contracts with persons to go out in
a religious capacity (though partly secular, I
will admit), and guarantees them support, and
their object is to establish mission stations,
which, to a large degree, are carried on at vari-
ance with our views on worship and ministry.
Moreover, most of those who are the promoters
and sympathizers of this work are such as [do
not value] our testimonies to plainness and sim-
plicity in dress and speech. Some of them seem
as much conformed to the fashions, customs and
maxims of the world as any worldling. At the
same time they claim to be Friends in religious
persuasion and in name. Surely it seems that
the time is nigh at hand for Friends of Phila-
delphia Yearly Meeting to give no uncertain
sound as to their testimony in these respects.
" He that despiseth the day of small things
shall fall by little and by little." I. J. R.
A Curious Superstition. — One curious su-
perstition, which we heard of as existing amongst
several of the tribes inhabiting the banks of the
Niger, between this and the delta, is a iielief in
the possibility of a man posses-sing an alter ego,
in the form of some animal, such as a crocodile
or hippopotamus. It is believed that such a
person's life is bound up with that of the animal
to such an extent that, whatever affects the one
produces a corresponding impression upon the
other, and that if one dies the other must speedily
do so too. It happened not very long ago that
an Englishman shot a hippopotamus close to a
native village. The friends of a woman who
died the same night in the village demanded
and eventually obtained five pounds as compen-
sation for the murder of the woman. — Hausa-
land. ^
CASTLES IN THE AIR.— CLOUDS.
Tliere are beaiUiful oai-tles in the air this eve,
Floating across the sky,
And the sinking sun a lialo paints.
With its golden and crimson dye.
Far over one gloomy hill-top
Is a wondrous castle fair.
With silvery spires of nothing
And domes of colored air.
A long and golden ladder
Leads from a palace gay
To where a dim old dungeon
Rolls in clouds of mist away.
And far away in the shadow.
With only a crest of bright,
A ruined fortress is tottering.
And sinking into the night,
And just above, on the margin
Of a parting sun-beam's ray.
Is a tower of glory and, it seems,
Of everlasting day.
But every moment changes
The scene of beanty there.
And now the tower is grayer,
But grander, though less fair.
Whole cities I see yonder.
Walls of iron, with gates of pearl.
Arches rising high above them.
Glorious banners o'er them furl.
And far down, near the horizon,
Lies a mosque of fianiing tire.
Every breath rolls up tlie smoke
And lifts the bright flame higher.
Then I think of other castles.
Once brighter than the clouds,
That fell crumbling to ruin,
Lost hopes their only shrouds.
And my heart grows sick and heavy
With the thought of aims long past.
My castles were loo brightly built.
And like these they could not last.
Springville, Iowa. S. J. B.
For "Thk Friend."
Some Common Plants and Others.
In a walk around Moorestown in the early
part of the Seventh Month, I was struck with
the abundance of a plant, that I had known for
seventy years, the Peppergrass {Lepidium Vir-
ginieum) ; and the biting taste of whose small
flat seed pods remain among my early remini-
scences. It belongs to a well-marked natural
family in which the four petals of the flower are
placed opposite each other in pairs, their spread-
ing limbs forming a cross. Hence this order is
called Cnicifene. The species are very numer-
ous, and all have a pungent or acrid juice, but
none are poisonous. The seed vessels are pods,
either short and flat ones as in the Peppergrass,
or longer as in the Mustard and Radish. The
Lepidium is a symmetrical plant. The stem is
slender, yet stiff and upright ; and from the
upper part small branches grow which are ter-
minated by little white flowers. These are suc-
ceeded by round flat pods each supported on a
slender stem, strung along the main branches,
which continues to grow at their upper extremi-
ty, until they reach a length of several inches. A
plant lying before me has about five hundred of
the.se pods on it, so that abundant provision is
made for the seeding of the Peppergrass.
Belonging to the same family, Crucifene, I
found some wild Mustard, with yellow flowers
and rounded pods of an inch or more in length.
As I walked along the railroad bank my at-
tention was attracted by a bright yellow flower'
growing in the sides of a ditch. It was one of
a numerous class of plants which continues for
a considerable time to flower at the summit of
a growing stem, while the seed vessels which suc-
ceed the bloom are arranged along the lower
part of the stem. The seed vessels of this plant
are interesting objects being cubical in shape,
with the lower end rounded. Hence is derived
its common name Seed box {Ludwigia altemi-
folia). It is much branched, the leaves are
narrow and pointed ; and altogether it is a rather
attractive plant.
Equally curious was the seed-vessel of a plant
growing near by, which from its helmet shape
is called Skullcap (Seidellaria). It belongs to
the Mint ftimily (Labiatae), which have square
stems, opposite aromatic leaves, often dotted
with small glands containing a volatile oil oui
which depends the warmth and aroma of these j
plants. The species I saw was the Entire-leaved
Skullcap {Scutellaria inlegrifolia). The flowers
are beautiful, about an inch long, bright olue
at summit and pale on the lower part of the
tube. Indeed, a friend recently sent me some,
specimens which were white throughout, but,
this is not a very common variety. {
I passed some of the flowering stalks of the'
common Garlic {Allium vineale). From the
form of its flowers it is placed in the Lily fam-
ily. One peculiarity of the plant is that in the
cluster which terminates the stem, the flowers
are often intermingled with bulbs. So that it
propagates itself by these as well as by seed.
A still more interesting plant to me was a
species of Lily family growing on the side of the
railroad, which I had never seen before. It was
about four feet high, with narrow and long grass-
like leaves, and numerous greenish-white flow-
ers arrayed in a few crowded racemes. At first
sight it reminded me of the conspicuous bloom
of the Black Snake Root, so common in the rich
woodlands and clearings of Chester County, Pa.
Gray in his botany gives as its habitat, low
ground in Pine barrens. As about fifteen of
these conspicuous plants were growing together
within a few feet of each other, it was a matter
of surprise how it was that I had not noticed
them in previous seasons, especially as they con-
tinue for several weeks in bloom. If they were
new comers, it is difficult to explain from whence
they came, as several zealous botanists of lower
New Jersey had never met with the plant in
the course of their researches. But there are
many mysteries connected with the travels of
plants. This plant is not frequent enough to
have obtained a common name, but botanically
it is known as Zygadenus leimanthoides.
Observing a man in a field by the railroad
examining some Lima bean vines, I asked him
if the pods were yet formed. He came bring-
ing a young pod of an inch or more in length.
A small round hole had been eaten into it, op-
posite the seed. He said the mischief was done
by a small green worm, sintilar in appearance
to a young cabbage worm, and that the pod
would drop ofl' without maturing its seeds. The
year before his crop of Lima Beans had been
almost ruined by these worms. J. W.
Whatever comes to the soul in a simple
and peaceful manner, is God's light guiding it,
but what comes to you through argument and
disquietude must be gradually ])ut away, while
you turn lovingly to God. — Fenelon.
THE FRIEND.
5
For "The Friend."
New England Yearly Meeting, held at Wes-
terly, Rhode Island.
The Yearly Meeting of New England con-
vened on Sixth Month 13th, 189(3, the Select
Meeting und Meeting for Sufferings having met
the day previous. Meetings for Divine worship
were held in joint session on First-day forenoon
d afternoon. These meetings were felt to be
seasons of spiritual refreshment, in a very marked
degree. The Great Head of the Church con-
descended to be very near and to bless those
assembled with celestial showers to their joy
and rejoicing, fulfilling his promise in Holy
Writ, " For where two or three are gathered
together in my name, there am I in the midst
of them."
In the morning meeting of First-day, afler a
time of solemn silence, prayer was offered,
liunibly acknowledging the weakness of poor,
finite man, and earnestly craving the blessing
of preservation, to be kept as in the hollow of
own holy hand, where none can make
afraid, and that if it pleased the Lord to use
his poor servants in the line of the ministry,
they might minister as in the ability which
God giveth and not in man's wisdom, that He
would condescend to be with the Friends of
this place in their annual assembly, be with
them in their various sittings, enabling them
to conduct the business to his own honor and
aise.
I The meeting was afterwards addressed from
■the text, "I beseech you, therefore, brethren,
by the mercies of God, that ye present your
I bodies a living sacrifice, holy and acceptable
unto God, which is your reasonable service.
And be not conformed to this world, but be ye
transformed by the renewings of your mind,
that ye may prove, what is that good and ac-
ceptable, and perfect will of God."
The poor mouthpieces were permitted to
draw from the inexhaustible store-house of God's
love in a wonderful manner, and to hand forth
to those assembled spiritual food, to their joy
and rejoicing, fulfilling the ancient promise that
He would open the windows of heaven and
pour out a blessing, " that there shall not be
room enough to receive it." We believe many
hearts were humbled and coutrited, and tears
of joy and gratitude were observed on faces for
the blessings of the day, so freely offered by a
kind, merciful Creator. An elderly person
certainly voiced the sentiments of many present,
after the meeting was over, when she said, " I
think we have had a real George Fox meeting
this day," one that the Great Head of the
Church was pleased to own and bless.
Second-day morning. Sixth Month 15th, 1896.
— The regular meeting for transacting the busi-
ness of the Yearly Meeting, convened at nine
A. M. John W. Foster and Job S. Gidley
served the meeting as Clerk and Assistant.
Epistles were now read from Canada, Ohio,
Western, Iowa, and Kansas Yearly Meetings,
with which New England is in correspondence.
They contained words of wisdom, encourage-
ment and comfort, calculated to strengthen
their brethren and sisters in New England to
build upon the true foundation, Christ Jesus,
who is the way, the truth and the life. The
Clerk then informed the meeting there was a
paper on the table from a body of Friends with
which this meeting was not in correspondence.
The meeting concluded to refer it to the com-
mittee having charge of preparing essays of
epistles to Yearly Meetings they were in cor-
respondence with, and to report their judgment
on the subject at the next sitting. After a few
committees were appointed to audit the Treas-
urer's account, etc., the meeting adjourned to
four o'clock this afternoon. The meeting con-
vened at about the hour adjourned to. The
representatives reported they were united in
offering the names of John W. Foster as Clerk
and Job S. Gidley as Assistant Clerk to the
meeting this year. These nominations were
satisfactory to the meeting, and they were ac-
cordingly appointed to their respective places.
The committee on epistles then reported they
had examined the paper given them by the
Clerk, that it was an epistle from London
Yearly Meeting to New England Yearly Meet-
ing, that they had conferred together, and were
united in judgment that it be read in this meet-
ing. It was accordingly read. The meeting
concluded to acknowledge the reception of the
paper in a kind and courteous manner, and, if
way opened for it, to extend to the Friends of
London Yearly Meeting that were desirous of
maintaining all our doctrines and testimonies
on their original foundation, words of tender
sympathy and encouragement, and explain to
London Yearly Meeting that New England
Yearly Meeting does not see how she could
consistently open correspondence with her at
this time, under existing circumstances. It was
finally left with the Meeting for Sufferings to
prepare an essay of epistle, and have it signed
by the clerks of men's and women's meeting.
During the consideration of the state of So-
ciety, as shown by the reading of the Queries
and Answers, excellent counsel was given, cal-
culated to encourage Friends to greater dedica-
tion of heart to all the requirements of a kind,
merciful Saviour, who, as many could testify,
was not an hard master, but a kind, loving,
tender, compassionate Father, not willing that
any should be lost, but that all might repent,
return and be saved with an everlasting salva-
tion. Friends were encouraged not to enter
into busiuess that would not admit of their at-
tending their mid-week meetings. That it was
somewhat in the way of the cross to some
Friends to go to meeting in the middle of the
week, to leave their business affairs, but they
were reminded by a dear aged Friend that
King David would not offer a sacrifice unto
the Lord that cost him nothing, and that if we,
of this day and generation, were truly concerned
for the salvation of our immortal souls, we
would not feel it tiresome or a cross, but a great
privilege to come and sit down with our breth-
ren in worshipping Almighty God. He wanted
them to be faithful to their Lord and a blessing
would attend it, he firmly believed. Parents
were encouraged to bring up their children in
plainness of speech, behavior and apparel, and
to be especially guarded as to the kind of lit-
erature that entered their homes. They were
advised to early acquaint the dear children
with the literature of our own Society, how
early Friends had to suffer for our doctrines
and testimonies, and that they counted not
their lives dear unto themselves (citing Mary
Capper), that they might lay down their heads
in peace at the close of life, feeling that they
had been obedient to their loving Lord, in all
that He required of them.
Heads of families were encouraged to collect
their children around thera in the morning of
each day, while their minds were fresh, and
read a portion of the Holy Scriptures, observ-
ing a time of silence, that each luight approach
the Father of all our sure mercies, for his bless-
ing that maketh truly rich. Also, the practice
of retiring alone and reading the Sacred Writ-
ings and waiting upon the Lord, who in his
own good time will reveal their hidden mean-
ing, was spoken of as a practice that would
yield solid comfort and satisfaction. Allusion
was made to our doctrines and testimonies, that
they were founded in the Truth, and we cannot
afford to let any of them fall to the ground.
Time and observation have shown, that where
one testimony has been lowered or let fall, it
only paved the way for other and greater de-
partures until in many places, there seems but
little left.
The subject of the ministry as professed by
Friends, was clearly explained. That it is the
prerogative of the Head of the Church, to dis-
pense to whomsoever He will, both men and
women, those gifts which He designs for its
edification. Early Friends saw in the light of
the Lord, that no man's talents or learning,
nor any human ordination, can constitute any
one a minister of Jesus Christ, it requires a
special call and qualification, dispensed by the
Head of the Church to the sanctified members
whom He separates for the work of the ministry.
This gift can only be exercised under his putting
forth ; not in the will or time of man, but in the
Lord's time, He giving the authority, and sup-
plying him with what he is to deliver to others,
without money and without price.
The various subjects claiming the attention
of the Yearly Meeting were conducted in much
harmony and brotherly condescension ; nothing
occurring to mar the solemnity of the occasion.
It was concluded to hold a meeting for Divine
worship, in joint session, on Fourth-day to con-
vene at eleven a. m. The closing meeting proved
a memorable one to many. There seemed to be
a hungering and a thirsting for something better
than this world can give, and the Great Head
of the Church condescended to be very near,
overshadowing the assembly as with his ancient
wing of goodness, to the comfort and soul-satis-
faction of his humble followers.
Prayer was offered, acknowledging the many
favors we had been blessed with, and humbly
craving that each might bear to his home and
friends a sense or share of gratitude for the
many favors bestowed upon us, unworthy as
we were of the least of his blessings, and that
as we were soon to part, and in all probability
not all to meet again on earth, we might so live
that when it shall please Him, with whom we
all have to do, to say it is enough, and He
should sever the silver cord, we might all
gather around the throne of God, singing his
praises forever. Amen.
Afterwards the language of Holy Writ was
revived : " The sword of the Lord and of Gid-
eon." That the Friends might remember for
their encouragement, that the Lord could work
with few or many his wonders to perform. That
if they were faithful to their God, He would
cause one to chase a thousand, and two to put
ten thousand to flight. But they must remem-
ber it was not the sword of Gideon, but " the
sword of the Lord," and then Gideon.
A dear aged Friend then addressed the com-
pany, " That he had come among them in great
weakness ; that he could adopt the language of
the Psalmist, ' I am a worm and no man,' but
that he wished to bear his testimony to the
goodness and love of God to his humble, de-
pendent children. Finally commending them
to God, and to the word of his grace, which is
able to build you up and to give you an inher-
itance among all them which are sanctified."
Closing, farewell in the love of God.
THE FRIEND.
The meeting closed to meet again at the
usual time nest year, if consistent with the Di-
vine will. " T.C. HOGUE.
West Chester, Pa.
Teutobcegerwald, Fifth Month 27th, '90.
You know of course all about the Teutobur-
gerwald? What! you don't mean to tell me
that you do not? How very surprisingly ignor-
ant you are! But since you have been honest,
I will be too, and tell you that up to the last
few months I was as ignorant of its existence as
you. It is not marked upon the maps of Ger-
many given in the school geographies, but when
I tell you that it is a range of low mountains,
still largely forest clad, extending from north-
west to southeast in the western part of North
Germany, you will have a rough idea of this
physical feature which has so important an in-
fluence in the peculiar development of this sec-
tion of country, both politically and in connec-
tion with the introduction of Christianity into
the land.
I will tell you one thing, a more beautiful
region can hardly be imagined, especially now
that everything is green, the fruit trees in
bloom, and the whole landscape smiling and
gay. Most attractive of all to me, are the
quaint, red tiled roofs of the villages, that are
constantly showing themselves among the mass
of foliage and bloom, and then as this region
has played so important a part in the history
of the country, there are numerous ivy cov-
ered ruins and towers, as well as well-preserved
castles and palaces. Among the latter none
that I have seen are half so beautiful as many
a private house — in Germantown, for instance
— but when one speaks of historic interest there
is no comparison.
If you look at the map again and picture
how it was in the old, old times, when the Ger-
manic tribes were half savage, warlike, but still
from deepest heart a brave, freedom-loving
people, with a religion that was no worship of
idols, but one in wiiich the Creator of the na-
ture that so stirred with awe and reverence their
simple child-like hearts, was to them a being so
incomprehensibly high and mighty that none
dared express their idea of Him by any work
of hand, and whose temple could be nothing
less stupendous than the forests themselves, with
their heaven-reaching archways and soaring
columns, for such a people it is easy for us to
understand how a range of forest clad moun-
tains like these could serve as a barrier from
encroachments from without, and how the Chris-
tian Churcli wiis forced to battle so long and
fiercely before she could enclose within her fold
all these wild children of the North. To root
out tlieir religion was impossible, it was too
deeply interwoven with the very foundations of
their natures, all that the church could do was
to give a new meaning to the rites and cere-
monies they found. Thus the temples they
builded of stone must suggest the vaulted arch-
ways of the forests in which they were wont to
worship, and no North Saxon could be made to
feel safe in a house unprotected by horse skulls
ranged on his roof, for the horse being sacred
to Wodan, their chief deity, must be sacrificed
to him ; and these skulls showed that the house-
owner had performed his duty in this respect.
All the change the early fathers could bring
about in regard to this custom was to reduce
the number of skulls to two, and they to be so
placed as to form a cross over the gable of the
house. In this way, both the rude Teuton and
his teacher were satisfied. It is a remarkable
fact that to this day in many of the more
rural districts the peasants still carry on this
custom, and that no new house is built without
these ornaments — naturally imitations, out of
wood — being placed over the gable. But I am
wandering from my subject. I wished to say
that it was in this region that in 9 A. d. the
Teutonic leader, Herman or Armin, as he is
often called, succeeded in completely defeating
the Romans under Varius, the nephew of Au-
gustus, and so kept back from the people of the
North the influence of the Roman civilization,
which affected so materially the people of south-
ern Germany, France, Austria, and other places
where their power penetrated. Later in 82.3,
Charlemagne gained here a decisive victory
over the Saxons, and later his son Louis the
Pious founded bishoprics and built chapels,
thus enabling the Catholic fathers to take a
deeper hold upon this intense Wodan worship-
ping race. Even for centuries later the Chris-
tians were forced to take refuge among the
mountains and to carry on their rites in secret.
The most interesting remains of these early
hiding places are to be found a mile or two
west of the little town of Horn, where we spent
this afternoon. At this place the range of hills,
formed of a soft sandstone, has been eaten
through by a stream, and there, jutting out
in bold, rugged outline, is left exposed rock
masses that rise perpendicularly for a hundred
or more feet, forming a natural wall, though
with frequent breaks and narrow openings.
The whole is made most picturesque, through
the dense growth of ferns and shrubbery that
have fastened themselves in the rocks and
gnarled trees whose fantastic roots have formed
a perfect net-work in their reaching out for a
hiding place in the more kindly earth far be-
low. But it is not the natural beauty that
gives these rocks such a deep, fascinating in-
terest for the beholder, for here, as elsewhere,
it is the human interest that holds us most —
the thought that here, human hearts have
throbbed in rapture, in fear, in pain and suffer-
ing, gives the spot a magnetic charm that no
simple natural beauty could offer.
In the under part of the rock mass are ex-
cavations evidently used ag places of meeting.
There was a stone step where the preacher had
stood as he spoke to his faithful followers, and
in the stone floor an excavated basin must have
held the water with which the converts were
baptized.
Outside, a rude rock mass, with much worn
niches cut in the sides, shows where the preacher
mounted to the smoother top, where he v/;w
able to address a larger audience in the open
air. Upon the face of the rocks is a rude carv-
ing said to be the oldest specimen of sculpture
in North Germany, representing the crucifixion
— or rather the descent from the cross. It is
divided into three parts, the centre showing the
group about the cross, above, God the Father
receiving the Spirit of Christ, in the form of a
little child, while below Adam and Eve upon
their knees are looking upward to the Christ
who shall deliver them from the bondage of sin
and death, which is represented by a double
serpent enclosing them in its folds.
But most interesting of all are two separate
chapels cut out of the solid rock fully a hun-
dred feet from the ground— here were altar and
rude seats, in one open to the sky, while the
other was sheltered by the overhanging rock.
Since the latter part of last century access has
been easy to these chapels by means of steps
1 cut in the stone, while evidence is there that in
former times the worshippers ascended by means j
of wooden ladders made fast to the face of the
rocks. The opening between the separate huge ■'•
maases are for a considerable distance walled i
up artificially, with evidence in one place of a !
gate that could be opened or closed ; all going :
to show that people in danger of their lives had
once sought shelter here, and yet, after ail,
nothing exact is known of the history of these
excavations, but as that leaves room for the
imagination to have full sway, one can almost
say that this lack of certain knowledge gives
them an added charm.
The town itself is old and picturesque, and at
present in holiday dress owing to the " Schutzen
fest " that the people were celebrating to-day.
The houses were decorated with wreathes and
garlands reaching across the streets, bearing de-
signs made of flowers. This is one of the old, ,
old customs still kept up by the peasants, though I
it has long ago lost its real significance. It is I
now simply a merry-making time, while for-
merly it was held to bring together all the
fighting men of the community to see who was
the truest marksman. The one proving himself
as such was to be their leader. This practice is
still carried out, and we met a carriage with
six horses and outriders in gorgeous costumes,
the whole covered with garlands, on its way to
the grounds where the celebration was going on,
to bring back in triumph the " Schutzen koenig"
to the town. We could hear the music and see
the bright costumes of the peasant dancers, as
they sported on the green.
But I have begun at the wrong end, for I
ought to have told you first of the Hermans
Deukmal (monument), that we visited this
morning. There was an inconspicuous sculptor
in Hanover that so long ago as 1830 conceived
the idea of erecting an enormous monument iu
honor of Herman iu the Teutoburgerwald. To
this end he wandered over Germany, striving to
rouse the people to a sense of sufficient national
pride to donate the required funds. Returning
home and having settled in his own mind the
most suitable spot for its erection, namely, the
summit of the highest mountain in North Ger-
many, about twelve hundred feet in height, he
gave the Duke of Lippe, who owned the ground,
no peace until the coveted right was granted
him to begin the work. He himself built the
roads and transported the material necessary
for the construction, and what is far more, he
designed and executed unaided the entire monu-
ment. This work covered a period of several
decades, during which he lived in a tiny house,
which still stands near by, with his wife and
family. Then came a pause — without more
money and the help of men who must be paid,
he could not bring the parts together, but for
many years the huge dismembered body lay
around among the stone blocks that were to
form the foundation of the statue, and formed
an excellent place in which his own children
and those of the neighborhood could play hide
and seek. Naturally enough he came to be re-
garded as a man of one idea, if not altogether
insane. But nothing, reproach, neglect or pov-
erty, daunted him in the purpose to which he
had dedicated his life. He quietly waited his
time, and when the nation had been stirred to
a sense of its own greatness after the victorious
termination of the Franco-Prussian War in
1872, he again appealed for aid, and the cry
was heard and cheerfully responded to.
In 1875, on the sixteenth of Eighth Month,
in the presence of the Emperor William and the
nobles of the court was the monument unveiled.
THE FRIEND.
Two luaibleslabs with an inscription on eacli tell
where the Emperor and the former poor, now
honored, sculptor stood during the ceremony,
which included as well the knighting of the
latter, so that he became no longer Ernst
Baudel, but Ernst von Baudel. Shortly after
this he died, his work was completed, the dream
of his life fulfilled. How few of those who
have cherished ideals, whether more or less
worthy than those of poor Ernst von Baudel,
could have said so much as that in the evening
of their lives? His life can at least impress us
anew with the truth of the old saying that when
one ibill one can. Of the statue itself one must
admit that few of those possessing knowledge of
such things find it a work of high artistic merit,
though imposing in the extreme. The founda-
tion is a dome-shaped building, thirty-two me-
ters high and proportionally large in circum-
ference, while the bronze figure it supports
measures to the point of the uplifted sword
twenty -six meters and weighs seventy-six thous-
and five hundred and sixty-five kilo (you can
figure that out in pounds yourselves ; it goes
beyond my ability). It is easy to imagine that
such a structure forms a landmark over the en-
tire country, and the view from the balcony
above, around the dome, is one unrivalled in
this part of the country for extent and variety.
I need scarcely say that it was sometime yes-
terday that I began my letter, and that long
before I had written so much, the train came
that took us to Pyrmont, the pretty little Ger-
man watering-place so famous in this part of
the country for its mineral springs and its
miles of avenues of enormous trees. For many
centuries the residence of a prince, it has be-
sides its castle most handsome parks, in which
the trees are something wonderful. We have
been out this afternoon again, and I will em-
ploy the few minutes left me before the stage
comes in to say another word about Pyrmont.
It is so quiet, so peaceful here, and so purely
German. The principal street where all the
world congregates every afternoon is a very
wide avenue with immense horse chestnut trees
on both sides, whose branches meet above and
form a dense shade. Booths, with all sorts of
articles for sale, are arranged along the sides.
At one end of the street is a large pavilion
where the principal spring bubbles up and
where, from morning till night, people may be
seen sipping water through a straw. In the
centre is of course an orchestra stand, and there
in the morning at six and in the afternoon at
four, the concert begins.
The avenue itself is swept several times a
day, and during the season is, especially in the
afternoon, a living mass of humanity, either
promenading under the green shelter, or sitting
alone or in groups, the women crocheting or
knitting, the men smoking, and both drinking,
either coflej or beer.
But this is tiresome, and besides I must go,
though I wanted to tell you about these quaint
Saxon houses that we saw so many of this morn-
ing, whose entrance looks for all the world like
barn doors, and when one happened to be open
and we could look in, there were the carts and
other utensils standing about, and high up
among the rafters hung the haras and bacon,
not to forget the sausages. I imagine in the
fall, after the fresh supply is laid in, the display
would be more imposing. E. S. Kite.
Philip and Rachel Price. — An early les-
son of instruction to Rachel Price, which re-
mained with her through life and is left for pos-
terity, was derived in this wise. She had heard
John Simpson very instructively in the minis-
try, and particularly so in explaining the mys-
teries of the Revelations, and on an expected
visit from him, looked forward to it as an occa-
sion of spiritual instruction in respect to the
sublime truths which had so interestingly en-
gaged his mind in the ministry. She was dis-
appointed to find him drawn to speak familiarly
of his farming operations, and to abstain from
those high and serious matters her own mind
was dwelling upon; and among other things he
narrated was the occurrence of a disorderly
contest among his hands in the harvest field,
whereby they injured his wheat. He started to
arrest their proceedings, determined to turn
some of them out of the field in a hurry, but
was himself arrested on the way by a voice
which inwardly spoke to him in the language,
" John, govern thyself, before thou art rightly
qualified to govern others." He sat down until
his own mind was quieted, then went to the men,
addressed them upon the impropriety of wast-
ing the grain bountifully bestowed for our sus-
tenace by a merciful Creator, and was heard
with respect and submission, all steadily resum-
ing their work. She concluded this to be the
lesson she most stood in need of as one of the
heads of a large family of various dispositions,
saying, " I felt the necessity of keeping self
under proper control in order for the right
regulation of those about me. And the incident
was often recurred to in silence for my own
improvement, and sometimes recommended to
others for their advantage."
What Moral Lapses Prove. — Not the
righteousness, but the evil way, of men, is the
Bible's best corroborator. If there is any one
truth which is unmistakable in the Inspired
Word, it is that man is weak and prone to evil.
Every fresh instance of a trust violated, every
revelation of crime or moral lapse, does not, as
some half-hearted Christians seem to think,
cast suspicion upon the genuineness of God's
Word, and the essential truth that man needs a
Saviour. What such disclosures of human fal-
libility really do prove is just these truths of
man's weakness and his first need. And yet the
revelations of crime and moral degradation in
the circles of those who have long been trusted
and respected, ought not to force us unduly into
suspicious attitudes toward those whom we have
trusted. The only exception to this, perhaps,
is in ourselves. Every new disclosure of the
weakness and evil side of men may well lead us
to hold a suspicious attitude toward ourselves,
and to set a closer watch upon the one life over
which we have the first control— our own. If the
moral failure of one who has been trusted could
lead each one to turn his back instantly upon
his first temptation, there would be no need for
any one to distrust his neighbor. But this the
world will not do, or does not do, and while the
world thus fails, the truth of the Bible is demon-
strated anew, and the world has fresh evidence
with each recurring downfall of men, that man
needs a Saviour.
The intricate machinery of a large mill got
out of order one day, and none of the engineers
or operatives or mill superintendents could dis-
cover the cause. Nearly a thousand dollars a
day was lost by the owners through the enforced
idleness of the mill, and a practical machinist
in a neighboring city was sent for. When he
arrived upon the scene he made a short exam-
ination, and in five minutes remedied the defect
and started the machinery uji again. Later he
sent in his bill for five hundred dollars for ser-
vices. The mill owners, considering this a large
charge, asked for an explanation, and the ma-
chinist sent back an itemized hill something
like this, " For one day's work, S2.50 ; car fare,
S'2.50 ; for knowing how to repair the machinery,
S49.5." The mill owners saw the force of the
man's logic, and paid his bill without further
opposi t iun . — Sdecled.
There is great danger at the present time of
our religion degenerating into a mere public-
meeting religion. We live on " movements,"
" organizations," " excitements" and restless dis-
sipations of energy. We have "Sunrise prayer-
meetings," "Junior Endeavor prayer -meet-
ings," "Women's prayer -meetings," "Men's
prayer-meetings" and "Old Folks' prayer -
meetings." The Lord's Day, from early morn
till late at night, is occupied with public -
meeting religion, and while this external ma-
chinery is duplicated and multiplied, the inner
fires are dying out, because they are not fed by
secret prayer and communion with God. Fall
back on our base of supplies, is the order that
should ring along the line of battle, for scat-
tered forces mean a weakened army. — The Cy-
Bear in mind that the wages of sin is death,
but that the gift of God is eternal life.
THE FRIEND.
SEVENTH MONTH 25, 1896.
A letter from a friend in a distant Yearly
Meeting where a mixed state of things exists,
speaks of a Quarterly Meeting which the writer
had attended, where much was said that was very
objectionable, yet at times the Divine Power
was felt to be near, and was very comfortable
to the little flock gathered in his name. One
of the " fast " ministers present said in a con-
versation that it was on the linas of ignorance
to speak of the necessity of silent waiting in
meeting. He was always ready and only waited
for an opportunity to speak. In reply, he was
reminded of the language of the Apostle Paul,
" Let him that ministereth, wait on his minister-
ing."
It is cause for sorrow both for their own sake
and that of the Church that persons should arise
among us, who are so far astray from our origi-
nal doctrines. William Penn says of the early
preachers among Friends, that "They could not
run when they list, or pray or preach when they
pleased, but as Christ their Redeemer prepared
and moved them by his own blessed Spirit, for
which they waited in their services and meet-
ings, and spoke as that gave them utterance."
And he adds, that through the power and spirit
of the Lord Jesus they became very fruitful,
and thousands were turned to the Truth through
their testimony. He further testifies, that with-
out this secret Divine power of Christ, there is
no quickening and regenerating of dead souls.
This is the doctrine which the Society of
Friends has held from the beginning ; and from
it our manner of holding religious meetings ne-
cessarily flows.
Thus Robert Barclay, writing on this subject
says: " When assembled, the great work of one
and all ought to be to wait upon God ; and re-
turning out of their own thoughts and imagina-
tions to feel the Lord's presence. As everyone
THE FRIEND.
is thus gathered, and so met together inwardly
in their spirits, as well as outwardly in their
persons, then the secret power and virtue of life
is known to refresh the soul, and the pure mo-
tions and breathings of God's Spirit, are felt to
arise ; from which as words of declaration, pray-
ers or praises arise, the acceptable worship is
known, which edifies the Church and is well
pleasing to God."
A friend recently placed in our hands a work
on the Indwelling of the Holy Spirit, written
by Andrew Murray, who we suppose is a clergy-
man as the title Rev. is prefixed to his name.
The book contains many testimonies to the
truth of the great principle so firmly believed
in by our own Society that the Spirit of Christ
does abide with those who open their hearts to
receive Him in the way of his coming, and faith-
fully obey his commands, and so far it is accept-
able and profitable. Yet there are parts of it
which seem to us to show the eftects on the mind
of the writer of a theological training, especially
in drawing distinctions of a refined character,
which are more curious than edifying.
It clearly states that the " Scriptures which
were spoken by holy men of old as they were
moved by the Holy Spirit, can only be under-
stood as they are taught by the same Spirit."
Yet it seems to assume that it is necessary to
have the inspired words of Scripture in the
mind, so that they can be unfolded to us. This
is a limitation of the work of the Spirit, which
we cannot accept.
Again in the analysis of the work of the Fa-
ther, the Son and the Holy Spirit in man's re-
demption, the author treads on ground where
we fear to follow him.
The book is one which we hope may be use-
ful to some, by calling them to more spiritual
views than they now hold, but it seems to us
that our own members will find it an unsafe sub-
stitute for the deeply spiritual writings of some
of the early Friends.
SU.M MARY ' OF ' EVENTS.
United States. — Venezuela's brief, prepared by
Counsel Storrow, has been presented to the Venezue-
lan Commission and the British Minister. " For the
first time a true divisional line in accordance wiili the
evidence is laid down and Lord Salisbury's conlenliun
as to the settlements is shown to be a mere diplomatic
quibble, utterly unsupported by law or Tact, and un
worthy of any consideration by the Commission."
Counsel Storrow demonstrates that the Schomburgk
line, as held by Lord Salisbury, was a forgery per-
petrated by the English Government twenty years
after Schomburgk's death.
During the last fiscal year 353,267 immigrants ar-
rived in the United Stales, of whom 212,466 were
males and 130.801 females. There were debarred
3,037 immigrants, of whom 2,010 were paupers and
776 contract laborers.
A committee of the bolting silver Republicans, after
a conference at Colorado Springs, issued a manifesto
on the 20th inst., announcing that they will support
Bryan and Sewell.
There are about 50,000,000 silver dollars in circula-
tion, and .378,000,000 coined and ready for use, which
the Government would be glad to put in circulation,
but cannot. And yet some people think all that this
country needs to make it prosperous is plenty of silver
dollars.
The Kansas Court of Appeals has declared inef-
fective the law under which divorces have been
granted in that State for twentv-five years. It is esti-
mated that from 35,000 to 50,000 divorces are afTected.
The decision affects property rights and the custody
of children.
The right of a creditor to use a postal c:ird in mak-
ing a statement of indebtedness came up before United
States Commissioner F"oote, in Chicago, last week,
and was upheld.
Ex-Governor William E. Russell, of Massachusetts,
was found dead in his bed at a fishing camp near
Little Pabo.s, Quebec, on the morning of the 16th
inst. Heart disease issupposed to have been the cause.
Recent hail and wind storms have seriously dam-
aged the peanut crop in North Carolina and Virginia.
The most appalling disaster which has occurred in
Cleveland, except the viaduct accident last winter,
when a loaded street car plunged 100 feet into the
river, occurred at 8 o'clock P. M. on the 16lh inst.
While a flat-bottom ferry boat, loaded with between
forty and fifty laborers, was crossing the old river
channel, it was capsized, and all the men thrown into
the channel, and between fifteen and twenty drowned.
Deaths in this city last week numbered 595, which
is 63 more than the previous week, and 117 more than
the corresponding week of last year. Of the fore-
going, 315 were under five years of age ; 294 were
males and 301 females: 121 died of cholera infantum ;
49 of consumption ;41 of marasmus ; 39 of inflammation
of the stomach and bowels ; 26 of convulsions ; 21 of
apoplexy ; 21 of pneumonia ; 20 of inflammation of
the brain ; 19 of heart disease; 19 of inanition ; 16 of
cancer; 15 of old age; 12 of Bright's disease; 12 from
casualties; 12 of uraemia; 11 of paralysis; 11 of diph-
theria, and 10 of nephritis.
Markets, tfec— U. S. 2's, 94J a 96; 4's, reg., 106J a
107J; coupon, 107J a 108^; new 4's, reg., 112 a 112i;
coupon, \\Z\ a 113J; 5's, reg.. Ill a 112; coupon, 112
a 112J; currency 6's, 100 a 10.5.
Cotton was quiet but steady, middling uplands
being officially quoted at 7fc. per pound.
Feed.— Spot bran, $10.00 a $11..50 for winter in
bulk, and $10.00 a §10.50 per ton for spring in sacks.
Flour. — Winter super, $2 00 a $2.25 ; do., extras,
$2.25 a $2.40 ; Pennsylvania roller, clear, $2.80 a $3.00 ;
do., do., straight, $3.10 a $3.30 ; Western winter, clear,
$2.80 a $3.05; do., do., straight, $3.10 a $3.30; do.,
do., patent, $3.35 a $3.55 ; spring, clear, $2.50 a $2.75 ;
do., straight, $3.15 a $3.35 ; do., patent, $3.35 a $3.60 ;
do., favorite brands, higher. City mills, extra, $2.00
a $2.25; do., clear, $2.85 a $3.10: do., straight, $3.20
a $3.40 ; do., patent, $3.40 a $3.75. Rye Floue.—
$2 45 per bbl. for choice Penn'a.
Grain.— No. 2 red wheat, 61 a 61Jc.
No. 2 mixed corn, 32} a 32Jc.
No. 2 white oats, 22J- a 23c.'
Beef Cattle. — Extra, 4j a 4|; good, 4J^ a 4|c.;
medium, 4 a 4Jc.; common, 3J a 3|c.
Sheep and Lambs. — Extra, 4J a 4|c.; good, 4 a4]c.;
medium, 3.} a 3|c.; common, 3 a 3|c.; culls, 1 a 2^c.;
lambs, 3 a 6Jc.
Hogs. — 5f a 5|c. for Western, and 4| a 5c. for State.
Foreign. — In the House of Lords, on the 17th in-
stant. Lord Salisbury laid upon the table of that body
the papers relating to the boundary dispute between
Great Britain and Venezuela. Lord Salisbury, in pre-
senting the documents, said that negotiations between
Great Britain and the United States in regard to the
Venezuela matter were still in progress. The Govern-
ment, he added, did not believe that the claim made
by Venezuela was a suitable subject for arbitration,
but when the facts in the case, as regarded the past
history of Venezuela, were fully ascertained, he
thought that the diplomatic question involved could
be easily adjusted. Lord Salisbury stated that, con-
currently with the negotiations which were in pro-
gress with the Unite! States in regard to the dispute
between Great Britain and Venezuela, negotiations
were also going on between the British and American
Governments contemplating the establishment of a
scheme of general arbitration of questions which
might arise between the two nations. This, however,
he said, was a matter which required great care and
circumspection.
Reports from various sources indicate that the de-
mand for bicycles in England and the other European
countries is fully equal to the home demand. The in-
ability of English and other dealers to meet the de-
mand is opening up a market for American wheels,
and as they are superior in weight, strength and ap-
pearance, the demand for them is increasing. English
papers now devote considerable space to bicycle news,
and the rivers are deserted now that wheeling has
provided more fascinating sport than rowing.
Two thousand " Lalter-Day Saints" (Mormons) mis-
sionaries are said to be in England just now.
The Chronicle publishes a dispatch from Constanti-
nople saying that four hundred Armenians have been
massacred in the Diarbekis district. The town was
pillaged. The date on which the massacre occurred
is not given.
The Christian Deputies in the Cretan Assembly de-
clare that a diplomatic settlement of the Cretan trou-
bles is impossible.
The mothers of a detachment of soldiers who were
about starting from Saragossa for Cuba, have made a
protest to the Government against their sons being
sent away. The Government authorities ascribe the
protests to the influence of agents of Cuban filibus-
ters, and are determined to find and prosecute all such
persons.
Li Hung Chang, the Chinese Viceroy, who is to
spend three or four weeks in England as the guest of
the nation, is expected to arrive shortly. The amaz-
ing deception which the Germans practised upon
themselves in attributing to Li Huug Chang the
power to purchase warships, raise loans, conclude con-
tracts and order material of all sorts, will not be fallen
into by his British entertainers. He will be the guest
of the Foreign OflSce, have an audience with the
Queen, and see the dock-yards and the ship-building
yards, but the Foreign Office is under misapprehen-
sion as to the limitation of his powers. He has no
authority to conclude contracts for anything. It is
learned from an authoritative source that he has cer-
tain draft conventions, prepared while he was in Rus-
sia, relating to loans, railway extensions and customs,
with others suggested in Berlin, and (hat he is ready
to receive and discuss divers proposals in Paris, Lon-
don and the UniteJ States. But Pekin must decide
upon them.
It is considered that Japanese men are among the
best needle-workers in the world, their only equals
being the women of Russia.
Particulars reached Chihuahua, Mexico, Seventh
Month, 14th, of the fall of a meteor in the small min-
ing town of Santos Reis, in that State. The meteor
was of immense size, and as it descended through the
air it was a molten mass of metal. It made its descent
at noon, and was accompanied by a report louder than
that made by a cannon. It struck the hut of a miner
and demolished the building, killing two children,
and then buried itself in the ground to a great depth.
The lower part of the meteor was broken oft' when it
struck, and it will be sent to the National Museum at
the City of Mexico. There has been no rain in that
section for nearly a year, but within twenty minutes
after the fall of the meteor the sky became overcast
with clouds and a heavy fall of rain took place.
JRECEIPTS.
Unless otherwise specified, two dollars has been re-
ceived from each person, paying for vol. 70.
A. Engle Haines, N. J.; George P. Stokes, N. J.,
and for Martha Mickle and Phebe C. Carpenter, N. J.;
Elizabeth Wright, N. J.; Alice H. Carter, N. J., and
for Sarah Ellen Carter, O.; Hannah Evans, N. J.; Jo-
seph Roberts, Pa.; Thomas K. Wilbur, agent, Mass.,
$14, for himself, Elizabeth H. Eddy, Sarah E. Mit-
chell, Job S. Gidlev, Jesse Tucker, James H. Tucker
and Isabel L. Giflbrd, R. I.; Ellen L Lightfoot, Pa.;
William H. Corse, M. D., Phila.; Samuel Biddle,
Phila.; William Biddle, Jr., Pa.; Mary S. Walton,
Pa.; Tacv M. Bines, Phila.; James G. Biddle, Gtn.;
John W. Biddle, Phila., -54, two copies ; John Ben-
ington. Pa., $6, for himself, Ann Elfreth, Phila., and
Samuel Benington, la ; Samuel C. Moon, Pa., and for
Hannah W. Child, N. Y.; A-ina Pickering, Pa.; John
W. Tatum, Pa., and for Lydia B. Price; Barclay Pen-
rose, N. Y.; Thomas E. Smith, Agent, la., §17, for
Jonathan Briggs, David Holloway, Margaret A. Pen-
rose, Evan Smith, Edward Edgerton, Joseph Edger-
ton, Benjamin L. Bates, Albert Emmons, and $1 for
Isaac McBride to No. 27, vol. 70; Israel Morris,
Phila.; John E. Carter, Gtn.; and for Rebecca S. Con-
ard. Shelter for Colored Orphans, and E. and L. M.
Thornton ; J. Elwood Hancock, N. J.; and for Robert
Taylor, to No. 13, vol. 71, Penelope S. Wetherill and
Elizabeth Ann Aaronson ; Marv Ann Haines, N. J.;
William J. Evans, N. J.; Hannah P. Smedley, Pa.;
Thomas Perry, Agent, R. L, $22.-50, for himself,
George Foster, $2.50, J. Barclay Foster, Anna A. Fos-
ter, John W. Foster, George C. Foster, Mary A.Gard-
ner, Lydi.i F. Nichols, Martha B. Sheffield, Charles
Perry and Arthur Perry, Mass.; Joshua T. Ballinger,
N. J.; J. Barclay Hilyard, for Mary E. Hilyard, N.
J.; Joshua Jefferis, Pa.; S. Eliza Spencer, N. C, $1,
to No. 27, vol. 70 ; Rebecca A. Cox, N. J.; John I.
Glover, N. J., and for Zebedee Nicholson and Vir-
ginia Nicholson; Stephen M. Trimble, Pa., $16, for
himself, Joseph Trimble, Dr. Samuel Trimble, Ann
Ashton, Esther T. Hawley, Susan H. Sharpless, An-
drew Slater and George A. Keely ; Lydia Ann Hen-
drickson, N. J.; Joseph L. Bailey, Pa., $12, for him-
self, Sarah Bailey, Joseph Bailey and Franklin G.
Swavely, Pa.; Susan W. Warrington, N. J., and Sarah
L. North, Phila ; Josiah A. Roberts, Pa.
Sl^'EemitUaices received after Third-day evening will
not appear in the Beceipls unlU the following week.
THE FRIEND
A Religious and Literary Journal.
VOL. LXX.
SEVENTH-DAY, EIGHTH MONTH 1,
No. 2.
PUBLISHED WEEKLY.
Price, if paid in advance, $2.00 per annum.
Subscriptions, payments and bimness communiealions
received by
Edwin P. Sellew, Publisher,
No. 207 Walnut Place,
(S mth from Walnut Street, between Third and Fourth,)
PHILADELPHIA.
Arlicles designed for insertion to be addressed to
JOSEPH WALTON,
MooRESTOwu, Burlington Co., N. J.
Entered as second-class matter at Philadelphia P. O.
Diary and Letters of Deborah Brooks Webb.
(Continued from page 2.)
1847. Fourth Month 14th. — Have got along
well with my school to-day, and have not heen
led to mirth, and I feel very grateful to God
for protecting me, for certainly I could not have
done it myself
15tli. — I have had something like praise to-
day, and hope that I shall not think too much
of it, for it is my feeling, if I am praised, to
never do so well again. I thought that the
reason was, that I had never given the praise
to God, as I ought to have done.
16th. — I have not got along very well in my
school to-day. Neither do I know what the
matter is with myself, but I think I have
rusted too much to my own powers. The pas-
sage of Scripture which says, " Let him who
thinketh he standeth, take heed lest he fall,"
has often come into my mind during the day,
but I did not rightly notice its warning voice,
30 I feel as though I have done very wrong.
19th. — My birthday. I am seventeen years
old. I do not know that I have improved much
in anything.
Sixth Mouth 4th. — It is a stormy day, and I
,ve got to school rather early, so will employ
my time in writing. I think I do not give sat-
isfaction to the parents, and do not know what
the cause is. I think I have tried a great deal,
but suppose they think I do not learn them
Enough. It is a bad feeling to think you cannot
satisfy when you try, but it is my own fault, and
I will try more. I wish I could do as well as
e teacher did last summer.
Seventh Month 3rd. — I have had but five
scholars to-day. Had a call from the superin-
tendent. He gave me a license to teach in any
school in the county of Burlington. He exam-
ined me a little, but not much. Am glad to
^et my license, and think he is very kind to
come to me as he did.
15th.— My school has increased to fifteen, and
I get along very well with it.
1849. Fifth Month 21st.— (Parkersville, Pa.)
Time rolls on. I find I have not written in this,
journal, to tell anything of myself for more
than one year. I have passed through much
and learned much since then. The Lord has
been graciously pleased to visit my soul. The
first that I felt of his quickening presence was
in a meeting at Burlington, while I was teach-
ing school at Cinnaraiuson.
Stephen Grellet, formerly of France, was the
person whose ministry first brought rae to a
conviction that it was required of me to put
away ray gay attire, put on plain clothes, and
become a Friend again, for I had strayed far
from the paths of peace and from the simplicity
of Friends.
I do sincerely desire that thou, oh Lord,
should carry on the work which thou hast com-
menced, and make rae every whit clean, and
let rae be thy dear child. Oh Lord, be pleased
to incline my heart to serve thee always. Be
pleased to let me again see Stephen Grellet, and
let him feel peace for serving thee (for) thus
awakening me to my helpless state.
After finishing a comfortable summer at Cin-
naminson, I returned home, wishing to take an-
other school if one could be found for me. In this
the Lord was pleased to direct rae and provide
a place for rae at a time when I least expected
it and least deserved his mercy. I could but
see it was the Lord that had overruled all
things and made all things work together for
my good. Oh, how should I praise the Lord
for all his goodness to me. How ought I to
serve Hira continually. But I do not. Oh, look
upon me, make thy fire to burn in my heart,
and quench ail sin within me. Consider ray
afflictions i'rom sin, and make rae every whit
clean through thy adorable mercy to a poor
sinner. Bow ray soul in humble gratitude to
thee and to Jesus Christ, my Saviour.
I have spent a very pleasant winter with
Samuel and Hannah Bolton as teacher of their
children. Long shall I remember their kind-
ness to me while there, and at ray departure.
Oh Lord, be pleased to bless their endeavors to
do right, and prosper them, if it is thy holy
will. I love them all as well as when I left
their home with their assurance of love for me.
For about one year I was desirous of becom-
ing a scholar at Westtown, knowing that I
needed more education if I intended to follow
teaching, and also feeling that was the place
into which I could go to learn God's will con-
cerning rae and to cast off my gay clothing, for
I had now begun to feel that ray gay apparel
was like a black sheep on my back. I was really
ashamed to be seen with it in the presence of
any whom I considered the children of God. It
seemed to me that they all knew that I was dis-
obeying my Heavenly Father. At last I was
permitted to enter those walls, and put one j-ear
there learning of my wicked nature and of that
God who had so graciously called rae.
Though I was diligent in my studies and
learned them well, improving as much as could
be expected, yet the value of my Westtown days
depends chiefly on my instruction in his holy will.
I had many kind friends while there, but one of
the teachers in particular always seemed to know
my thoughts and understand my actions. I do
love her very much. She has been instrumental
in procuring this Parkersville situation for me.
I do not feel that she can ever be paid, but may
she be njade happy with the feeling that she
has been of lasting service to me.*
Fourth Month 23rd. — Commenced school in
Parkersville. May I have strengtii to persevere
in the right. I feel as though I could not t«ach
all the branches intended.
Fifth Month 27tli. — It seems as if I should
succeed if I keep under a quiet, waiting spirit
upon God.
Ninth Month 20lh. — A quiet day. Hope I
may learn righteousness.
21st.— I got along better. It is my Heavenly
Father alone who helps rae thus to do. God
does draw my heart nearer and nearer to Him,
and enables rae to take up my cross. Oh, Lord,
be thou the potter and I the clay. Carry on
thy work in iny heart.
Tenth ^Month lOtli.— John Parker and Phebe
Carpenter married, Birmingham. Had noschool.
Eleventh Month 1st. — Brother Silas was mar-
ried to Eebeeca Price.
3rd. — Came to Westtown. Grateful I ought
to be.
From 3rd to 14th. — All silent and quiet.
Poor wicked I. God is good to rae and makes
me feel ray sins. Teachers Sarah Bailey and
Elizabeth Walter went to Monthly Meeting.
The girls were not very still in school. A silent
meeting, but good things came into mind. How
I sin by not being obedient. I ought to try to
be more willing to take up the cross. David
Cope spoke in meeting on the eleventh. I must
take up the cross of Christ. My Heavenly
Father is drawing me with his love.
15th. — I have not tried rightly to-day. Oh,
that I could continually yield meek and hum-
ble obedience to all ray Heavenly Father com-
mands.
19th. — New teacher, PtebeccaBiddle, and new
assistant, S. Howell, came on Seventh-day.
26th. — Felt sadly from raisconduct of the
girls. How I ought to watch.
Twelfth Month 1st.— First day of winter.
Clear, mild day, like the Lamb.
2nd.— A silent meeting. Could not get hum-
ble enough to do rightly.
3rd. — Teacher asked me to take the reading
school. Hard task for humility.
4th. — Yesterday I talked with teacher E ,
and since then am getting naughty. Am losing
my good feelings. I hardly know why.
6th.— Meeting quiet. Sallie Howell taken
with hemorrhage of the lungs. I go astray
from my God because of my disobedience.
8th. — The committee came out to-day. I am
anxiously looking for good.
9th. — My God followeth me with mercies,
and is willing to receive me, though often de-
parting from Him as the prodigal. Bless his
holy name, oh, my soul ; be obedient. Oh,
Holy Father, help me to obey.
13th. — A silent meeting. It seems to me that
the cross is put upou me. My Heavenly Father
is good to my soul. Magnify Him.
1850 First Month 1st.— May I become this
year more devoted to God and serve Him.
' Believed to be Elizabeth Walter Hoopes.
10
THE FRIEND.
2Dd. — Teachers E. R. and Margaret are go-
ing to attend Susau Lightfuol's wedding.
12th. — Teacher E 's parents and sister
here. My heart wished I could be as good as
he (William Walter) and do right.
15th. — This morning, as I rose from my bed,
these words came to me, " Praises to his holy
name, He will lead the way." But J. was not
obedient after this precious promise.
19th. — I often turn my thoughts to God, but
cannot turn them rightly without help.
20th. — E. Evans and H. Wood, 6. Morris and
daughter were here. E. Evans spoke to me.
How grateful I ought to be to my Heavenly
Father, but believe I am not. I want sincerely
to be thine, oh. Holy Father, but I am so wicked
sin follows me. My thoughts are all sin and
wrong. I must try.
24th. — Silent meeting, but my Heavenly
Father is good to me to tell me what I ought to
do in case of (some) reading.
1850. Second Mo. 3. — I have had such peace,
but have been afraid it is not for me to have.
8th. — I am afraid I am going all wrong. Pride
seems to cover me instead of humility. I have
been led to see that I know nothing of myself.
When will my proud, my wicked heart get
right ?
17th. — Committee here. William Evans spoke
to us. It has been shown me, one great thing
that I have desired to know — what is required.
21st. — Death of one of our school-mates,
Sarah M. Brown, diseased brain.
22nd.— Quarterly Meeting. Dear teachers,
E. W. and M. H. went with the corpse.
24th. — Sometimes now I am afraid I was not
so faithful last summer as I could have been if
I had been more attentive and obedient to my
Divine Teacher. May I be brought low, very
low, even to nothing. Even now I am not giv-
ing my heart to God.
27th. — I have been very, very bad. I have
spoken to Cyrus (Mendenhall, clerk) very
pertly.
Third Month 1st. — First day of spring. May
I be better. Not mirthful.
10th. — David Cope here. Spoke under great
exercise. It came to me.
12th. — Oh, now that I know the way for me,
I am not walking in it, I am going wrong, 1
do not obey (I believe) in being watchful.
14th. — Silent meeting, but I was drawn into
communion.
17th. — I have not sought the Lord this day,
I fear, as I ought. Silent meeting.
18th. — 1 feel to-night dependent alone upon
my Heavenly Father. Oh, I am going con-
trary to what is right. Why do I ?
21st. — I hardly know whether I was good or
not. I am afraid not. Teacher asked me a
question which it was hard to answer.
31st. — Hannah Warner spoke. May I be
grateful for all. I will try to wait more and
more upon the Lord, for " they that wait upon
Him .shall renew their strength." I have need
of strength to help me to do aright.
Having been appointed to teach at Parkers-
ville, she says :
Fourth Month 24th. — Commenced school at
Parkersville. May I be kept in fear all sum-
mer, and not be lifted np. Oh, Holy Father,
help me and teach me thy holy will, what I
must do or not do; make me obedient.
28th. — I wore a plain bonnet to-day tlie first.
Oh, Holy Father, lead me, teach me, be my
Father if it please thy holy will.
Fifth Month 1st.— How glad I am, and how
thankful I ought to be that little Johnnie (one
of her pupils) did not get hurt at school, instead
of at home. Committee iiere. Thank thee for
their kindness. May I be faithful ; make me so.
4th.- — Thank thee, oh. Holy Father, for di-
recting me. It does seem to me thou did lead
me, draw me to thee.
8th.— School full, forty-four. May I be taught
and enabled to keep a sober, serious counte-
nance. I do want to do it.
13th. — More pleasant school. May I be grate-
ful to my Holy Father.
24th.- — Quarterly Meeting. A good time.
How I have been encouraged to think the Holy
Father will help me to be faithful to my charge.
(To be continued.)
Varck, K.insas, Seventh Month 5th, 1S96.
Dear Editor and Friends : — No doubt many
of our Pennsylvania friends are wondering what
has become of the six or seven hundred weight
of goods they so kindly sent to Kansas for the
" flood sufferers" last spriug. Well, at L.st we
can acknowledge the goods have really come
into the possession of those to whom addressed,
but not until after repeated appeals to the rail-
road company from East St. Louis to this place,
as it was free only to East St. Louis, but finally
our general agent, Fletcher, at Kansas City,
read our card forwarded to him, and he then
notified us that he would have the good.^ can-
celled, and so he did, and since that time we
have been very busily engaged in allotting to
each of the families of the more needy ones what
was most needed and most suitable, as some do
not seem to know how to be as careful of fine
clothes as others. We gave to the former the
most substantial, while to the latter who will
take good care we have handed out the nicer
garments (though not so many), and took care
not to forget the " food for the mind," namely,
the nice lot of books and tracts which came in
the box of clothes, and almost as important was
that plentiful supply of our kind "Elkinton
Bros." and "Peun Soap," which came in very
opportunely, as our sufferers do not always suf-
fer from the overplus of good, clean water, and
in such eases the soap is very needful indeed,
and was gratefully received, and we hope its
cleansing influence will be felt here, causing
some to look more neat and cleanly.
One poor colored man, as he trudged ofl^
with his donation, after oflTering his " thousand
thanks," came back and said, "Tell them kind
people I have never seen them, and never may,
but I hope I may meet them in heaven." An-
other said, " Oh, if them good folks only knew
the good they have done to us, and how thank-
ful we feel, it would do them good. Thank them
for me, for I cannot write to them. Still an-
other poor flood sufferer, who is of a religious
character (though once the reverse), said, "I
have nothing to repay this kindness with but
my daily prayers, and in that way I shall always
remember the ones who gave to us, and my
prayers shall follow them." Another said, " The
Friends are the only denomination who have
ever given me a lielping hand in trouble, and
they are friends indeed." We might enumerate
others, but it would make our acknowledgment
of your kindness too lengthy to be of interest.
Suffice it to say all (so far) seem very grateful
indeed, and many who are not Friends, express
their surprise and gratitude that you should for
one moment remember them, in this benevolent
way, whom you have never seen. But we still
have another class, whom we have to deal with
in quite a different way, namely, those would-
be-needy ones, who are always ready (where
there is something to be had for nothing), as a
call at our door has just proven. To these we
have to be a little reserved.
Among some here who want gome of the ar-
ticles, and are willing to give an equivalent in
worth back in other suits, we have traded in
two cases, and then given the latter to those
less careful, and to whom good but coarser gar-
ments siemed more suitable, but more of them
for the above. And the bonnets, as well as some
of the plainer goods, will be placed among some
of the more needy of Friends, especially shawls
and some coats and wraps. The goods have
been put into bundles and names put thereon,
using each as nearly according to their needs
as our knowledge of their necessities demanded.
Some have gone out and some yet remain to
be sent out as soon as opportunity admits.
And now, with many thanks, both to your
ever ready collectors and yourselves, from all
whom you so kindly benefited, not only after
the last fall's flood, but also this spring's flood,
we now close, and hope all may prove satisfac-
tory to both donors and receivers.
M. A. Stevenson.
The
s of a Supported Pastoral System.
A general view of the present condition of
the Society of Friends reveals some extraordi-
nary lapses, one of the most conspicuous of
which is here referred to.
The writer has never met ministers within
the Society of Friends, among those who receive
pecuniary compensation for their services, but
who, when pressed for a candid opinion, con-
fess that they do not fully approve of a paid
pastoral system. They acknowledge that it does
not meet the high ideal furnished by Christ,'
and advocated by the early Friends. They
admit the dangers to spiritual growth that are
connected with it, yet say they see no other
course to pursue than to adopt such a method.
It has fastened its teeth into the body and can-
not be well removed. So they accept it as fre-
quently not of their own choice, yet to their
minds as something unavoidable.
A great sympathy is to be felt for those
Friends who believe themselves called into the
ministry, and who have very little of this world's
goods wherewith to support their families. The
little ones must be fed and clothed ; a reasonably
presentable appearance is projierly desirable ;
and the sharp struggle to meet obligations has
to be maintained. In the midst of all this stress
comes a mental wear and tear which may lead
to the assumption that if Christ calls into his
ministry, he may permit a livelihood to come
from the offerings of those who are the recipi-
ents of spiritual labor.
This belief, although natural, is fraught with
danger. The minute a minister becomes in-
stalled as a pastor and receives pay therefor, ,
that moment he loses some of his freedom in the
Gospel. He may or may not be tempted to
guard his utterances lest he wound the feelings
of those from whom he learns to expect his liv-
ing. Anyhow he is handicapped with that
temptation, as compared with the preacher who
is not supported.
Again, he is threatened with the loss of one
of the most valuable attributes, which can adorn
a really anointed preacher of Jesus. In the
very nature of things he can never know many
of the daily temptations which are the common
lot of nine-tenths of those to whom he ministers.
He can never fully realize the daily discourage-
THE FRIEND.
11
ments which coufrout those, who unlike him-
self, are obliged to struggle in a sometimes piti-
less world, for the very necessities of life. Being
assured of even a limited income, he u in dan-
ger of dismissing from his mind a full sense of
his daily dependence and of the unquestionably
close association that exists between material
and spiritual things. He is less likely to fully
frapathize with those with whom he has to
eal. On the other hand, if employed iu the
ordinary avocations of life, he will be more
qualified to enter into the joys and sorrows and
practical Christian experiences of those who
love the Lord, but who have many temporal
anxieties to contentj with. The alternate hopes
and fears, the wonderment, the cry "why is it
, why is it so ?'' are all better known and more
tenderly dealt with by those ministers, who
themselves pass through the fires which are fre-
quently intended to burn out the impurities that
mar God's better plans.
There is another danger. The moment a min-
ister is supported, he is required to put all his
time into church work; indeed he is generally
recompensed with the distinct understanding
that he does so. But what is the result?
Experience shows that under such circum-
stances he is always expected to preach. In
fact, his part of the contract would generally
not be fulfilled if he did not. The flock woukl
consider it very strange if he did nothing for
them at the hour of worship. Accordingly a
regular course of exercises is arranged and de-
pended upon. Hymns are often selected before
the time of service. After awhile the best sing-
ers are selected and so are virtually constituted
into a choir. A pulpit, symbolic of a one-man
ministry, taking the place of the raised seats for
ofiicers of the meeting. The supported pastor
now conducts the marriage ceremony and arro-
gates to himself the function of pronouncing
Friends man and wife; so tending to lower in
the view of some the correct legal status of other
Friends who cannot comply with such interfer-
ence with our ancient and beautiful custom.
A sermon and its sul)ject is frequently decided
upon before hand. Christ as the great effective
source of matter and utterance is practically
forgotten. The intellectual part is naturally
pushed to the front, and the spiritual is corres-
I pondingly passed to the rear. A collection in
i the middle of the services seems to be intro-
I duced into such congregations, as easily as night
follows day. How often have I seen the sol-
emnity of such occasions marred by a good
brother, who in his desire to keep in touch with
his flock, has descended to witticism in hopes of
doing so. As the supported ministers are ex-
pected to preach whether they feel any direct
call or not, their words often lack the force, the
intuition, and the tendering power which always
comes from that man or woman who is Divinely
inspired from one season to another by God
alone.
But if a supported pastorate weakens the
minister, the effect on the congregation is still
more perceptible. Forcing the religious activ-
ities largely on one individual, takes from the
congregation a sense of its collective responsi-
bility. One man taking the lead and being ex-
pected to do so, tends to create an unfortunate
subserviency to his teachings and actions on the
part of the flock. Watchfulness over one another
for good is relinquished as being the work of
the pastor. Individual gifts are neglected. For
instance, those upon whom God may have con-
ferred the gift of the ministry, frequently can-
not exercise it, except in a secondary manner
at the conclusion of the services. So iu a mod-
ern Friends' meeting, the anomalous position
may be reached of a pastor speaking when at
that time really not authorized to do so ; and
upon the same occasion another Friend, within
whom the Divine message has been kindled
being unable to deliver it to the people. The
grand ecclesiastical democracy which Fox pro-
claimed is shaken to its centre, and the inevit-
able tendency is a division into clergy and
laity.
Again, it is observable that the wealthy city
congregations practically secure the services of
the brighter and more scholarly ministers, whilst
poor meetings are obliged to content themselves
with what they can get. The spiritual and na-
tural gifts are unequallj' distributed ; and min-
isters are tempted to work not just iu places that
the Head of the Church may designate, but as
they are influenced by the pecuniary rewards
that are proffered them.
Some confess all these disadvantages, but
claim that they must be overlooked in order to
build up Friend's meetings. Is this position
tenable ? Shall we lower a high standard of
Christian practice, hoping thereby that good
will come?
Some of these dear Friends may ask, what
shall we do when we give our labor to the
Church, and receive no income therefrom? How
about our little families? To such the reply
may be made, trust God for all that. Those
who are paid very little can easily give that
little up, and obtain an income from other
sources by the exercise of physical or mental
labor of a secular character. Those who re-
ceive larger support will doubtless find that if
from conscientious motives they refuse pay for
their ministry they too, will in no wise suffer.
There have been not a few notable instances of
just such experiences, on the part of salaried
pastors, who gave up their incomes when be-
coming converts to the doctrines held by Friends.
Such, as did Paul, can work with their own
hands, and God is able to bless them therein.
When abroad, they can from Scriptural prece-
dent, accept the free-will offerings of their
Friends, and still keep within the lines drawn
by Christ and his apostlss. I have yet to read
of a single instance in all Quaker history where
an unpaid preacher has come to want. Divinity
never formed a law, and then created circum-
stances making it impossible for that law to be
obeyed. So, it has ever seemed that those min-
isters, who in faith freely preached the Gospel
which had been freely given them were always
granted all needful things by Him in whom
their confidence was placed.
Some argue that they receive such small sup-
port that it amounts to very little anyhow. But
do not these generally take all they can get?
If they only receive fifty dollars per year, is
that not enough to balk a previously honored
testimony? Does not taking even small gifts
tend to encourage receiving lai-ger recompense
elsewhere? Why then should they close their
hands over one dollar, unless given for needful
support when travelling abroad in the service
of their Master?
Let us not then call all paid preachers "hire-
lings." That is a term not to be applied to
men, many of whom are earnest laborers in the
great vineyard of the Lord. Neither let us go
to the extreme of refusing any necessary assist-
ance to ministers, when rightly called into God's
service. I believe the present tendency toward
salaried pastorates, is in some places a reaction
from the absence of proper aid, which has too
often been observable in the past. But let us
not permit this reaction to lead into forgetful-
ness of the fact that a free Gospel ministry was
recommended uy Christ, confirmed by the apos-
tles, and practised by the early Friends. Let
us recollect that Paul, after all his learning and
culture acquired in Gamaliels' school, worked
at a trade as he travelled from city to city.
Quaker literature reveals the same procedure
on the part of many of the most effective preach-
ers in the early days of the Society.
A belief exists that the paid pastors the early
Friends so vigorously denounced, were different
kind of men from many of the salaried preach-
ers of our own day. Unquestionably not a few
of the clergy of the established Church two
hundred years ago, were notoriously unfitted
for the office they sought to fill. But does that
change the principle involved, when comparing
conditions between then and now ? It is true,
that upon specific occasions Friends reproved
some of the clergy for their doings. But we
find that it was the system they most earnestly
contended with. They condemned the system,
largely on the ground that Christ declared that
the Gospel was to be freely proclaimed. But
even ignoring this basic principle, are condi-
tions now so very different from what they were
two hundred years ago? Then there were both
spiritually minded, and mercenary men, among
supported ministers ; so are there now. Then
some undoubtedly won people to the Lord Jesus,
whilst others manifestly had no qualifications
to do so ; such is the case to-day. Then some
worked to save souls, whilst others made the
ministry a source of personal profit and prefer-
ment; modern paid pastors are found in both
categories. We are bound to believe that the
same evils, flowing from the same system, are
all about us in this year 1896. Christ's Gospel
should be just as undefiled now as in the seven-
teenth century ; and the system which was then
subject to certain dangers is open to the same
abuse to-day.
The rise of the Society of Friends exhibited
the undisputed fact that it was possible for a
religious organization to increase membership
without the aid of supported pastors. It is just
as practicable to-day ; but not where there are
superficial seekers after the truth. It is only
possible where men and women are struggling
out after the revealed and heaven-sent light
which is so much better than the spiritual apathy
and darkness that surrounds them. It is only
possible to those who want to discard a veneer
religion, and cast aside everything like sacerdo-
talism in their effort to learn the mind of God
direct from himself These longings were con-
spicuous in the early Friends. AVhen we as a
people once more become so minded, we too will
cease retrograding towards the formality from
which our fathers counted themselves so happy
to be delivered.
There are people all about us who are hun-
gering for better spiritual food than a superfi-
cial Christianity can offer. Unfortunately many
of these seekers after the Truth regard the great
mass of church work as a scheme to attract and
which is patronized largely for its social and tem-
poral advantages. They do not attend the usual
places of worship, excusing themselves by say-
ing that they cannot financially afford to do so;
or because most salaried pastors and pre-ar-
ranged services do not touch their religious sen-
sibilities. Especially in the western country
this class predominates. Too frequently these
people eventually drift into agnosticism, or ac-
quire a comtempt for things Divine.
12
THE FRIEND.
The unpaid minister is the best calculated to
win them to Christ. It seems to them that an
unpaid preacher has small incentive to advance
his personal interests. They feel that what he
has to say must come from deep heart-felt con-
viction. Accordingly they are ready to listen
to him. His power to influence them is un-
questioned and almost beyond human compu-
tation. Convince a doubter of your sincerity
and half his miud and heart are won. So those
Friends who ignore their birth-right and who
enter the broad fields where paid workers toil,
little realize that a still greater and more tilla-
ble ground is being forsaken at their very doors.
There is need that one denomination still
loyally adhere to the doctrines of the early
Friends. It will not do to say that the time
and need for maintaining old-fashioned Quaker
views have gone by. Rather let us look beyond
such reasoning up to the higher realms of duty,
and to a perfect adherence to the unmixed de-
sign of God ! I would that in this as in other
things we might again plant our banner on the
upper heights where our fathers unfurled it to
the world. If every regularly supported min-
ister within our borders would in living faith
re-adopt the apostolic and ancient Quaker prac-
tice, what a noble object would our sect pre-
sent? One hundred thousand Friends in Amer-
ica without a paid pastor, would be a tremen-
dous aid to all Christendom in helping it toward
the pure faith and perfect Gospel freedom that
its Saviour taught !
At Kennett Square John Heald was led to
minister to those who he believed were relig-
iously disposed, tender in spirit, and of honest
intentions, but whose companions were disposed
to draw them into bad habits and a dissipated
course. .jThese, when turned out of the right
way, had felt sorrow, and had resolved to do
better in the future; but by giving way to
temptation, they had become weaker and weaker,
and were in great danger of giving out wholly.
The meeting proved to be a solid and tendering
If this simple record should meet the eyes of
any whose consciences testify that they are in
like condition, yielding from time to time to the
power of temptation, or to the persuasions of
companions or friends, whose influence leads
them away from the safe path of self-denial and
watchful obedience to the voice of God in their
hearts, even though they be not led into gross
evils or the vices of dissipation, may all such
be persuaded to turn with full purpose of heart
to the Lord, their Redeemer, and faithfully fol-
low the leadings of his Spirit. Why should
their souls be starved for want of spiritual sus-
itenance, when in the Father's house there is
blread enough and to spare. Why should they
p^ss through life uneasy in mind, and often
seli^coRidemned, when they might partake of
that hfeavenly peace and comfort dispensed at
times hor the refreshment of the Huck of Christ,
and beVauimated with the glorious hope of par-
takingf in that joy unspeakable and full of
glory; which is set before us as the prize at the
end 6f the race ?
Herein lies the fundamental difference be-
tween the spiritual religion and that which de-
pends on forms and performances which man
can enter upon and undertake in his own power.
He who would grow in grace and in that know-
ledge which leads to eternal life, must patiently
and diligently wait on the Lord in his own heart,
and faithfully follow in the way that He leads.
.Sblkcted.
wow.
A night of danger on the sea.
Of sleeplessness and fear !
Wave after wave conies thundering
Against the strong stone pier ;
Each with a terrilde recoil,
And a grim and gathering might.
As blast on blast comes howling past.
Each wild gust wilder than the last.
All through that awful night.
Well for the ships in the harbor now.
Which came with the morning tide;
With unstrained cable and anchor sure,
How quietly they ride!
Well for the bark that reached at eve,
Though watched with breathless fear;
It was sheltered first ere the tempest burst,
It is safe inside the pier !
But see ! a faint and fitful light.
Out on the howling sea !
'Tis a ve-sel that seeks the harbor mouth.
As in death agony.
Though the strong stone arms are open wide,
She has missed the only way;
'Tis all too late for the storm drives fast,
The mijihty waves have swept her past,
And against ihal sheltering pier shall cast
Their wrecked and shattered prey.
Nearer and nearer the bark is borne,
As over the deck they dash,
Where sailors five are clinging fast
To the sailless stump of the broken mast,
Waiting the final crasli.
Is it all too late? is there succor yet
Those perishing men to reach?
Life is so near on the firm built pier.
That else must be death to each.
There are daring hearts and powerful arms.
And swift and steady feet,
And they rush as down to a yawning grave.
In the strong recoil of the mightiest wave.
Treading that awful path to save
As they trod a homeward street.
Over the bowlders and foam they rush
Into the ghastly hollow ;
They fling the rope to the heaving wreck.
The aim was sure and it strikes llie deck,
As the shouts of quick hope follow.
Beached, but not saved ! there is more to do,
A trumpet note is heard ;
And over the rage and over the roar
Of billowy thunders on the shore,
Rings out the guiding word.
There is one chance, and only one —
All can be saved ; but how ?
"The rope holds fast, but leave the mast
At the trumpet-signal, 'now !' "
There is a moment when the sea
Has spent its furious strength —
A shuddering pause with a sudden swirl,
Gathering force again to hurl
Billow on billow iu whirl on whirl;
That moment comes at length :
With a single shout the "now" peals out.
And the answering leap is made.
Well for the simple hearts that just
Loosing the njast with fearless trust
The strange command obeyed !
For the rope is good and the stout arms pull
Ere the brief storm-lull is o'er;
It is but a swift and blinding sweep
Through the waters, wild and dark and deep.
And the men are safe on shore —
Safe ! though the fiend-like blast pursue —
Safe I though the waves dash high ;
But the ringing cheer that rises clear
Is pierced with a sudden cry :
"There are but four drawn up to shore.
And five were on the deck !"
And the straining gaze that conquers gloom
Still traces, drifting on to doom.
One man upon the wreck.
Again they chase in sternest race
The far-recoiling wave.
The rope is thrown to the tossing mark,
But reaches not in the wintry dark
The one they strive to save.
Again they rush, and again they fail,
Again, and yet again ;
The storm yells back defiance loud,
The breakers rear a rampart proud,
And roar, " In vain, in vain !"
Then a giant wave caught up the wreck,
And bore it on its crest ;
One moment it hung quivering there
In horrible arrest.
And the lonely man on the savage sea
A lightning flash uplit,
Still clinging fast to the broken mast
That he had not dared to quit.
Then horror of great darkness fell.
While eyes flashed inward fire;
And over all the roar and dash.
Through the great blackness came a crash,
A token sure and dire.
The wave had burst upon the pier,
The wreck was scattered wide.
Another " now " would never reach
The corpse that lay upon the beach
With the receding tide.
For " The Friknd." 1
Susanna Fayle. j
The decease of this dear Friend having re-
cently occurred, the following memoranda of her
visit to this country, kindly furnished by one
who had been interested in her movements, it is
believed will be acceptable to many. The cir-
cumstances attending her death and funeral
are related in greater detail than usual ; but as
she was unexpectedly removed, and far from
her native land, this will probably be interest-
ing to her friends and relatives. — Ed.]
Susanna Fayle (age about sixty-eight), was
the daughter of Samuel and Ellen Fayle, of
Ireland, who were Friends of consistency and
good standing.
She came to Philadelphia on a religious visit
about the first of Fourth Month, 1896 (this be-
ing her second visit), with a certificate from
her meetings in Ireland, liberating her for re-
ligious service in the limits of Philadelphia and
New York Yearly Meetings. It was the gen-
eral impression that her work was likely to be
pretty much confined to the cities of Philadel-
phia and New York.
I met with her a few times at Samuel Em-
len's, who had invited her to make her home
at his house, and suggested to her visiting one
or two invalids, which she did. She spent a
day with Elizabeth Russell, with whom she had
been acquainted many years, as they were
school girls together.
The first meeting after her arrival that I
remember being with her, was at Twelfth St.,
of a week-day evening, when she was engaged
in a petition to the Saviour in a way that was
acceptable to me, being as satisfactorily ex-
pressed as any petition of the kind that I re-
member. She was at our Yearly Meeting, and
iu the Meeting of Ministers and Elders on
Seventh-day, sympathy and unity with her was
expressed, and she encouraged to pursue her
prospect. Prior to this, however, she opened
in the Western District Monthly Meeting a
prospect to visit some of the families of that
meeting, of those more in the central part of
the city, and as she mentioned in the men's
meetings that it was those in the city that she
wished to visit, the question was asked, had not
the minute better be worded so as to allow of
her visiting those members that did not live in
the city, but she said No.
It appeared to be her design to do what she
could at visiting before New York Yearly Meet-
ing, and then return to Philadelphia from New
York after accomplishing what might be done
there. She was asked if it might be minuted
that she would take up the work of visiting in
THE FRIEND.
13
he fall, she replied, she could not see as far as
he fall.
After she was taken sick, she spoke as if it
;as about as much as she expected if she could
ttend a session or two of the sittings of New
fork Yearly Meeting. Since her death her
ousin Emma Fayle told me that Susanna told
ler that she did not expect to attend New
fork Yearly Meeting, but several times during
er sickness expressed the desire that she could
ttend a meeting or two in New York. There is
ood reason to believe, that it was not only the
aeetings of Friends to which she was drawn,
mt to work of a more public character, or to
he authorities of the city of New York.
On the First-day morning of our Yearly
fleeting week, she was at meeting at Orange
street, and she spoke on the crucifixion in a way
hat I had hardly ever heard before, and the
nuery arose on this occasion, " Is she preaching
ler funeral sermon ?"
11 At our Quarterly Meeting in the Fifth Mo.,
[he spoke, although in so weak a condition that
[t seemed a very great strain upon her, so much
lo that I felt I could say to her, This is too
jnuch for thee, thy strength is not sufficient for
jt. I felt she was most certainly injuring her-
jielf, and it could only be by Divine interposi-
;iou if she did not break down altogether. The
ubject matter of her discourse was very re-
narkable. It seemed to embrace the affairs of
he nation, or as if she was speaking to the people
it large on the state of the country, desiring
,hat sectional lines should not be viewed with
eelings of prejudice, but evidently aiming that
,he peaceable nature of the Redeemer's King-
lom should be advocated.
I have been told that she did not have a
Ijreat deal to say in the Women's Yearly Meet-
ng, but in the Women's Quarterly Meeting,
ihe spoke impressively. It was not long after
.his that she was taken sick with bronchitis,
ind very much lost her voice. Dr. Rhoads tell-
ug me that she closely bordered on pneumonia,
ind since her death I have understood that the
loctor said that one of her lungs had never en-
irely healed, and yet both Dr. Rhoads and
Dr. Cheaves of Mt. Pocono said that they did
aot discover that there was anything wrong
with her heart, but the unexpected death leads
Ithem now to think that the immediate cause of
ber death was disease of the heart in some form
ijr other.
A trained nurse was employed for four weeks,
ind she got so that she rode out a time or two,
but not to as good results as was hoped for.
?he having several times expressed the belief
Ithat she would not see her home again, made
Sarah Emlen feel all the more like having the re-
sponsibility shared, and they sent a message by
cable to Emma Fayle that they wanted her to
come and take up the nursing of her cousin
iSusanna.
i I understood from Emma that she and Sus-
anna had lived together for thirty years. Emma
imade herself ready in about twenty-four hours, j
!and took the steamer, arriving in Philadelphia
jabout the sixth of Sixth Month, and was at
Samuel Emlen's about four weeks when the
doctor advised Susanna being taken to the
riiountains as likely to be beneficial. The phy-
sician went with her on the third of Seventh
Month, and report was made, that although S.
Fayle was very tired on arrival, she yet on the
whole was doing well. She, however, did not
get down stairs for a week from the time of her
arrival at her boarding-house.
On the night of the eighth inst., she suffered
much, but was down-stairs and on the porch on
the tenth, and slept much better than usual on
the succeeding night. On the morning of the
eleventh inst., her cousin remarked to her that
she had done so nicely during the night that
she ought to get along pretty well. She re-
sponded, "She did not feel very nice." She
however, got down-stairs and staid on the porch
until about twelve o'clock, when she made her
way up-stairs very slowly and seemed in great
discomfort ; the doctor was sent for, who de-
layed coming, although telephoned for several
times during the afternoon ; it was thought the
telephone did not work, and the doctor did not
get there until some time after the death of
Susanna Fayle, perhaps an hour or more.
After S. F. went up-staire and took her bed,
although they were so concerned that they were
very anxious to have the doctor, yet she was
not so prostrate but that she had her cousin
Emma to read to her, and after a time told her
she had better go downstairs and turn round
and take the air, and Emma did so ; but not
feeling easy in her mind she returned without
much stay, and was seated at the window about
fifteen minutes and Susanna talking to her
whilst she was sitting there. She heard a noise
that seemed ttrange to her, and looked around
and saw S. F's eyes were set, although they
seemed bright (I suppose it was the death rattle
that she heard). Emma hurried down-stairs to
get assistance, and returning immediatfly with
one of the household, saw there was a dai'k set-
tling under the eyes, and the lips purple. They
took what means their knowledge or ability
enabled them to do, but without avail, and
Susanna passed away about twenty minutes
after four o'clock.
Emma Fayle knowing that Samuel and Sarah
Enden expected to be away from home, tele-
graphed to Dr. Rhoads, " Susanna Fayle passed
away this afternoon ; advise me." He took the
telegram to Samuel Emlen, who with his wife
had returned home sooner than they expected.
Samuel, after spending two hours without avail
in endeavoring to find how he could get a pas-
sage to Mt. Pocono, sent a telegram to Emma
Fayle "No train to-morrow; will go Second-
day, nine A. m. train. I suggest embalming the
body and sending it to Germantown Junction
(Care of Nice & Kirk, undertakers)."
This telegram, however, did not reach Emma
Fayle until seventeen hours had passed over,
during which time a telegram was received by
Samuel Emlen, " Funeral Second-day afternoon,
three o'clock." Samuel sent me a message con-
veying the information of the message received
from Emma Fayle.
I went in the evening to Samuel Emlen's,
who still had not heard anything new. I told
him that Ephraim Smith had expressed a wil-
lingness to go with him on the morrow to Mt.
Pocono if it would be any comfort or satisfac-
tion to him, which I was also willing to do,
and Richard Cadbury expressed the same, and
Samuel and Sarah Emlen felt that it would be
satisfaction to them, as they might want to
advise with us, for the knowledge of the actual
condition or arrangement concerning the fun-
eral was quite vague.
About an hour after I left S. E's, he told me
the next day that he received a telegram from
Emma Fayle that Susanna Fayle desired to be
buried where she died, and that the funeral
would be Second-day afternoon.
Seventh Month 13th. Ephraim Smith, Rich-
ard Cadbury and myself took the nine a. m.
train, and were joined by Samuel and Sarah
Enden, and their daughter Sarah Emlen Moore,
at Germantown Junction. On the way Samuel
remarked that he did not see how any person
could throughout a two month's sickness be
more sweet and pleasant in spirit, and her re-
marks were very bright. He had told me be-
fore that his wife and Susanna Fayle loved each
other very much.
On arrival at Mt. Pocono a carriage was in
waiting to take us to the cottage of Francis,
Mary and Margaret Dorsey, where our departed
Friend finished her course.
We were shown into the room where the
corpse lay, and there was a sweet and pleasant
expression of countenance, and the leave-taking
of the corpse was a season of solemnity. After
a few remarks had been made, Samuel Emlen
knelt in prayer and expressed himself in a way
that I was very willing for Emma Fayle to
hear. He craved for her the Divine presence
and support, as she returned across the great
deep to her friends in Ireland, and also ex-
pressed thankfulness for the comfort in the be-
lief that the dear departed one had gone to a
better inheritance. Those in the room were
Samuel and Sarah Emlen and their daughter,
Ephraim Smith, Richard Cadbury, Frances
Dorsey and myself; we remained together there
until I thought it was timely for those of us to
retire who were not needed to put the corpse in
the coffin, which at the time we were in the
room had not been done, it not being the prac-
tice as I understood it in Ireland to have the
coffin open after the corpse had been put in
and then it is closed.
The opportunity in the chamber was a solemn
and satisfactory one. When the undertaker
came with the coffin the body was taken from
the beil on which it lay and placed in it and
taken to the hearse. One who assisted told me
that it was time it was moved, and whatever we
might have wished for in a different manage-
ment, the only thing left after our arrival was
to have the body interred without further un-
necessary delay.
Richard Cadbury, Ephraim Smith and Sarah
Emlen Moore felt obliged to return to Phila-
delphia, which foreclosed them going to the
place of interment. Emma Fayle, Samuel and
Sarah Emlen, Frances Dorsey and myself fol-
lowed the hearse in a six-seated carriage with
a driver, the undertaker riding with the driver
on the hearse. The road was good and part
way through the woods some three or four
miles to the burying ground called the Monroe
Cemetery in the township, as I was told of
Paradise Park in Monroe County. We had a
sweet and peaceful feeling as we rode along,
and at the graveside I expressed myself that I
was very willing that the bereaved relative
should inform her friends at home that such
was the feeling of those who were present at
the burial.
Some remarks were made on the comfort some
could have in that they had been endeavoring
to do their work in its time and season, for we
had not a few examples that our time was lim-
ited, and often more so than we were wont to
think, or to that import. The little company
stood around the grave about as long as seemed
best, the ground a little damp, and the weather
close, and we retired.
Returning to i\It. Pocono S. and S. Emlen
and myself stayed there over night, and next
day we proceeded together as far as Manunka
Chunk with Emma Fayle, whose mind was set
on returning to Ireland on Fourth-day's steamer.
Samuel Emlen had asked her if she did not feel
14
THE FRIEND.
like staying awhile, but she felt decided, and I
encouraged S. Emlen not to insist, for I thought
she might reach her home with her heart set on
it, as it seemed to be, but if she turned aside
there might be a reaction.
S. and S. E. went to their home at German-
town, and I proceeded on to New York with
Emma Fayle, where we were met on arrival by
Walter Moore, S. Emlen's son-in-law, who had
made an arrangement with the steamship com-
pany for the return ticket of Susanna Fayle to
be transferred, but we failed in obtaining per-
mission for Emma to go on board that night.
State room number eighty-five was secured,
lodgings were taken at the Palace Hotel, nearly
opposite the dock, and in the course of the af-
ternoon I went out to see David S. Taber to tell
him of the circumstances connected with the
sickness and death of Susanna Fayle, in which
he seemed much interested.
I asked David S. Taber to request some
woman Friend to visit Emma Fayle at the
hotel. Mary Kimber and one of the name of
Simms, a daughter of David White, of North
Carolina came, and one of them expressing a
willingness to call in the morning to see Emma
Fayle on board the steamer, and Walter Moore
also expecting to be there an hour or more be
fore the ship sailed, Emma said she did not feel
it necessary for me to stay on her account, and
I came home.
For "The Fkiend."
Southern Florida.
Going from Kissimmee to Ocala by the
Southern or Plant system route, we pass through
an interesting country. First : from here to
Plant City we see a number of small towns,
from the country in the vicinity of which are
furnished large quantities of the winter veg-
etables and fruits, many carloads of which are
shipped to the northern markets while the snow
and frost still hold the earth around Philadel-
phia in its icy chains — especially strawberries,
cabbage, tomatoes, etc. Celery also is getting to
be quite a business. Floridians having lost their
orange and lemou crops, have turned their at-
tention more to diversified industries, while their
citras trees are growing again. There will be a
very small crop this season, and if another freeze
does not- come, a good many nest year, as trees
around Kissimmee are growing finely.
After leaving Lakeland we go a northerly
direction through Duuellon, etc., and then east-
erly to Ocala. This route takes us among many
of the fine phosphate mines, and we see from
the cars in passing along many large piles — I
might almost say hills — of the precious fer-
tilizer, which has been dug up and is now ready
to be transported to distant markets, and much
of it to foreign countries. As this is a large
and important industry of great extent, I pro-
pose to speak more of it at another time. I
wish to write to-day more particularly of the
great springs which are fou.nd in South Florida.
One of the most beautiful, though by no
means so large a.s some others, is the "Blue
Spring " on this route, between Lakeland and
Dunellan, rightly named from the fine tinge of
greenish blue of its waters, though all of our
large springs have more or less of the same hue.
One of these springs can be seen in passing
up the St. John's River on steamboat — also
called " Blue Springs." The largest I have
ever seen is the " Silver Spring," northeast of
Ocala, where such a vast quantity of water
boils up in one place that it becomes a navigable
river, and steamers formerly did ply, and I
think they do still, from Palatka on the St.
John's up this stream, called the Oklawaha
Eiver, and land their passengers right over the
spring. Formerly these steamers ran up the
river by night, and partly for the interest of
their passengers, and partly to pilot their craft
up the crooked stream, they kept a fire of pine
knots burning on the deck on the bow of the
boat, presenting in many places a wierd and
picturesque scene. I believe electricity has now
superseded this. In passing from Kissimmee
northward there are a number of these large
springs. About two miles from Apopka are the
" Clay Springs " — -very fine ones, and the sur-
roundings are very interesting, which cause
them to be much visited by picnic and bathing
parties. Northeast of Apopka about seven miles
are the " Palm Springs." Here are three large
springs, all in a row, and within half a mile.
These form a large stream and are the main
source of the Wekiva River, which empties
into the St. Johns. These are only a few of
these wonderful fountains, spouting up from
" the bowels of the earth," as it were. Some-
times in this country a stream is lost, and then
after its subterranean passage appears again.
Near Norristown below Conshohocken is the
" Spring Mill." Here, as they have abundance
of fall, a mill is turned by this copious spring,
but it is a small stream compared with those I
have spoken of. It is in a limestone region,
and the water through a long course of years
has probably dissolved the lime rock and formed
a passage for the stream. The great cave, the
"Mammoth," of Kentucky, and many others
are in the limestone, which is to some extent
soluble in water, and the drippings from the
roofs have formed those beautiful stalactites and
stalagmites which are the wonder of visitore.
In the same way we account for our larger
springs. South Florida is underlaid with lime
rock, probably built up through the ages by
those industrious little fellows, the coral insects.
When we sink our artesian wells, of which
we have many in these parts, we come at last
to the coral rock which is porous and contains
abundance of water.
How wonderful are the works of the great
Creator. How insignificant in comparison is
man. " When I consider the heavens, the work
of thy fingers," said the psalmist, " the moon
and the stars which thou hast ordained, what
is man that Thou art mindful of Him or the
Son of man, that Thou visitest him." I. M.
A nice sense of honor in matters connected
with money is very important. Polly is treas-
urer of the society and has the care of the funds.
She must never for an instant, or in any emer-
gency, lend these funds to other people, or bor-
row them for her own use. I knew a girl —
Polly was her name, by-the-way — who was in-
duced, being treasurer of a certain guild, to lend
her brother, for one day, the money she had in
her care. The brother was older than Polly,
and a very persuasive person. He said : " Why
should you hesitate? I'll bring it back to you
to-night, and it will oblige me very much if I
can take that fifty dollars and pay a bill I owe
before noon to-day." Foolish Polly permitted
her scruples to be over-ruled. The money was
not brought back, and but for her father's kind-
ness in making it good, slie would have been
disgraced as a dishonest treasurer. She told
me long afterwards that the lesson had been
burned in on her mind never to take liberties
with money which she held in trust. — Harpers
Round Table.
For "The Friend."
Submission of Soul to God the Fruitful Ground
of Living Gospel Ministry.
The remarks in The Friend upon William
Tallock's paper in the Quarterly Examiner, has:
led me to pen what had place in my mind asi
the fruitful source of spiritual decay within our,
borders as a religious Society.
There have been in past days those in our
midst whose growth and spiritual experience
has had a leavening power upon and over their
fellow members. Their introversion of soul
bespoke itself in unmistakable ways as they
came into contact with those about them, and
their speech betokened knowledge in heavenly
things that no intellectual capacity could im-
part, but was evidence of a Divine and inner
nature that sprang from God. The superficial
had little place with these, the fewness and ful-
ness of their words betokened a mind centered
and surrendered unto God. The sense of God
filled the soul of such and constrained to utter-
ance, however broken and feeble, to the praise
and glory of the one great name and his re-
deeming power through Christ, and the refresh-
ing of thirsty seeking souls, hungering for the
Bread of Life. And as their ministry came
from the stirring in them of the life of God, so
did it tend to reach unto and raise up the like
life in those who gathered about them. Life
stirred life, and life begat life.
Is it so now? Is there the same life-giving
utterance, as an evidence of the truth of Holy
Scripture, baptizing into the name of the Father,
Son and Holy Ghost, by the preaching of the
Word from the Word of Life.
Apart from God there can be no true minis-
try of the Word. The feeblest one in the flock
and family of God yielding all up to Him and
in obedience following Him, may become a
blessing to very many. It is the sense of ina-
bility that prepares for the Master's use, and
that leads to placing our all at his feet. And
it is there we learn the lessons needed to be
known to make meet for service in God's har-
vest field.
There is a sense of sadness comes over the
mind in the thought of how some in one way
and some in another have made ship-wreck of
faith and a good conscience. Pride of heart
whether it be by intellectual or material pos-
sessions that doth blind the eye of the mind and
harden the heart toward God has in it a sad-
dening thought, for what can the end be with
such.
There is a faith that goes deeper than the
surface, that has its dwelling place in God, even
as it springs from Him. It is this faith I would:
fain draw all to, if such was in my power, even i
as I seek in gathering of the same for my owni
soul.
I regret the disposition to build up or to feed
a man-made ministry which, however it may
please and gratify the natural or intellectual
man, can never satisfy or help to sanctify an
immortal soul.
I also regret the spiritual apathy that exists
among us, and of which I have not unfrequently
been made very sensible, and which often blocks
up the stream of life and hinders its flowing
from those whose spirit is burdened by the op-
pression of the power of evil prevailing over the
spirits of their fellows.
What, it may be truly asked, will such do in
the end who are triflers with the grace and good-
ness of God. There is a source of responsibility
resting upon those in particular who are in the
THE FRIEND.
15
ront rank in Society, and who make a high
rofessiou, that they act not in and by their
WD spirit, but in and by the Spirit of the Lord,
i^or as leaders of the people, if they stray away
rom God in their spirits how shall they be able
0 teach of his ways when they walk not in the
ath of the Spirit's leading. These lambs hast
bou not fed will be charged upon such who
ave taught but not by the Spirit of the Lord.
I desire not to have the blood of any resting
pon my head, and therefore in the fear of the
iord I thus write, whether ye will hear or
phether ye will forebear that I may be clear.
) ye shepherds of the flock oversee these in
he fear of the Lord, and have a guard upon
'our own spirits that ye grieve not in your-
elvea or by another the Spirit of our God.
le is gentle toward the feeble ones. How deal-
•st thou with such? And merciful toward ihe
irring ones. Art thou unforgiving? We have
leed to take heed to the flock over which the
3oly Ghost has made us shepherds, and see that
)y his Spirit we do feed these his little ones.
I am pleading for the yielding of our all to
jrod renewedly day by day, that we may be
cept fresh and green in life. Not attempting
,0 gather more than for our daily needs, but
lay by day gathering as God would have us
gather at his footstool in secret and in silence
)f soul before Him. A silence that embraces
-he very feet of Him that redeems and saves,
ind wets with the tear of love and contrition as
)De of old, the soul's beloved.
That we may become such as thus do praise
md give thanks to God by the humble dedica-
;ion of all to Him, will still be my prayer, and
inay the feeble writer of this be counted worthy
;o be found now and ever among the faitkful,
;hough the very least, yet one of God's little
Dnes, clothed in garments clean and in raiment
ivhite by the spotless One.
Charles W. Thomson.
30 Kelvin Drive, Glasgow, Scotland.
Seventh Month Ist, 1896.
Difficulties With Bearers.
Arranged to pay thirty-five carriers eight
thousand cowries, or six shillings a-piece, for the
carriage of our loads, weighing from eighty to
ninety pounds each, to Kano, a distance of
nearly a hundred miles. After having agreed
to these terms, our prospective carriers went
away, but ere long returned with the preposter-
ous demand that the whole of their wages should
be paid prior to starting. In the end I offered
to pay them a proportion of their wages at the
close of each day during the march. This they
at first refused, but on the intervention of the
owner of our house, or rather his son, a man
named Ali, they at length agreed to accept my
off'er. During the course of a speech which Ali
made to them on this occasion, I heard him say,
" We Hausas are all liars, but these English are
not. If they say they like any one, they do so ;
or if they say the opposite, they mean the oppo-
site." It is thus arranged that we are to start
early to-morrow morning.
The day following was a typical day of at-
tempted African travel. Our carriers had faith-
fully promised to start early in the morning.
We got up at half past four, and made ready
the loads. The carriers appeared about a quar-
ter past six. Then began a series of disputing,
lying and thieving, which lasted nearly five
hours, at the end of which time, having stolen
five thousand six hundred of our cowries, they
refused to start to-day at all. It would be diffi-
cult to imagine a more ideal scene for the exer-
cise of patience. Really some one should paint
a picture for the Academy to be called " Pa-
tience," with an African traveller sitting in a
blazing sun, with about fifty of the most ill-
looking black specimens of humanity aRund
him, each endeavoring to outdo his neighbor in
the shamelessness of his demands. We had
agreed to pay our carriers one thousand cowries
each as food-money, previous to starting. Whilst
engaged in doing so, we handed them a sack
containing fifteen thousand, as food money for
fifteen men. During the operation of counting,
they stole from this sack five thousand six hun-
dred cowries, and then called our attention to
the fact that the sack only contained nine thou-
sand four hundred. We were compelled to make
up the pretended deficiency. They then assured
us that they would start without fail the next
morn iug. — Ilausuland.
Items.
Canada Yearly Meeting. — Canada Yearly Meet-
ing was held this year as usual at Pickering, Ont.,
from the nineteenth to the twenty-third day in-
clusive, of Sixth Month, and whilst on our part
we must need acknowledge our unworthiness, and
that nothing to us belongs but blushing and con-
fusion of face, yet do we thankfully record the lov-
ing-kindness and long suffering mercy of the God
ot all consolation and co iifort, who iu pity to our
low estate, was yet pleased to refresh us together,
spreading over us his canopy of love, strengthen-
ing us out of Zion to go on our way rejoicing. We
would that a larger number of our members were
more zealously concerned for the welfare of Zion,
as to come and partake of this so often made to
those present as a feast of tabernacles, a school of
JnotruobJon, and a watPrina--plar.B fr>r fho flnr-L- Oh I
fur more whole heartedness toward the Lord in
this day of self-seeking, the love of ease, and the
fading pleasures and profits of this world, which
with time shall all pass away.
The Yearly Meeting of Ministers and Elders re-
ports the decease of several of its members, who
have been gathered home to Jesus in a ripe old
age; and whilst we mourn their loss and miss them
from their accustomed place, yet is our sorrow not
unmingled with joy for their sake, remembering
the voice from Heaven that cried, " Blea-ed are
the dead that die in the Lord from henceforth ;
yea, saith the Spirit, that they may rest from their
labors, and their works do follow them" (Rev.
xiv: 6). Their memory still remains a joy to us,
alway.
Epistles of fraternal greeting were received from
those Yearly Meetings with whom we are so closely
united in the bonds of the Gospel, in unity of faitli
and practice. As believers in the Lord Jesus Christ,
God's witness to the truth iu our hearts, evidenced
to us that the language contained in them, was that
of those who had themselves been taught in the
school of Christ. And as we thus together Zionward
wend on our way, we rejoiced in spirit that others
also were constrained to walk in the straight and
narrow path that leads to life eternal. A loving
epistle was also received and read in open session,
from our beloved aged friend Huldah M. Beede, of
Providence, R. I., to whom the Women's Yearly
Meeting sent an acknowledgment.
A few dear Friends from other Yearly Meetings
were present with us, whose labors and Christian
counsel all tended to our edification.
An unaddressed epistle, signed by the Clerks of
London Men's and Women's Yearly Meeting came
to us through the Clerk of this Yearly Meeting.
After prayerful and serious consideration, it was
decided to acknowledge this informal document,
accept the brotherly spirit of overture and recon-
ciliation which prompted it, and reply to it as
Truth may direct. A reply thereto was accordingly
prepared and approved, and the Clerk was directed
to forward the same to the Clerk of London Yearly
Meeting. Since London Yearly Meeting has so-
licited this correspondence, it is to be hoped that
she will as courteously treat the reply, and assign
it a place among those of the other Yearly Meet-
ings with which she ''keeps up a correspondence."
It is indeed our earnest de-ire that Friends every-
where may be one ; and this will surely be so, as
we are built upon the rock Christ Jesus, the loved
platform of Truth, being led and guided by his
Spirit, which " leads into all truth," and gives to
all those who learn of Him, the badge of '' Love
one to another." It is, we are persuaded, a.s men
follow the teachings of men ;ind not Christ, that
they are led out of Christ's fold, and thus straying
apart become separated from Him and one from
another, in place of abiding in his fold, wherein
the sheep hear the Shepherd's voice and follow in
his footsteps.
The Queries and Answers thereto were read,
noting in a few exceptions the frailty of men, but
bespeaking a good degree of consistency on the
part of our members, and a godly care for otTenders
on the part of the church.
The time, for which the Friends appointed to
act as a Representative Meeting, having expired,
a new appointment was made by filling up the
places of those removed by death.
The usual abstract of the exercises of the meet-
ing was embodied in a "Minute of Advice to all
our Members," and directed to be inserted in the
printed minutes.
It is well known that owing to our late troubles
Friends in Canada Yearly Meeting financially suf-
fered heavily, and it is cause of thankfulness ou
our part that owing to the help of kind, sympa-
thizing Friends elsewhere, together with a regular
quota on all our meetings, we are now so nearly
out of debt on our Yearly Meeting property, there
remaining two hundred and fifty dollars due.
But that which above all is cause of rejoicing to
us has been and is the evident owning presence of
our Lord and Saviour, who has knit our hearUs to-
gether as that of one man, has led us into the
paths of humility and peace, and exalted his own
blessed Name in our midst above all ; He has in an
especial manner ai, mis lhuc, ni; t^<^. .>....-, luuuueu
and contrited the heart.s of the youth, who were
with us at this season ; and our prayer has been,
that He who changeth not, who called and guided
the fathers and mothers in former ages, may prove
to be their vanguard and rearward. And this
God, who is faithful, will surely do, as they con-
tinue faithfully to serve Him.
Though comparatively i'evi in number, yet were
notour hearts cast down, but songs of thankfulness
arose to Him who doeth all things well, after the
counsel of his own purpose and will; who refines
his people in the furnace of affliction, and watches
always over his people for good. So did we lov-
ingly part, our heart filled with gratitude to the
Giver of every Good. A Canada Friend.
P. S. — A copy of Canada Yearly Meeting Min-
utes will be hirwarded to any one addressing the
Clerk, George Roeke, Thornburv, Ont.
THE FRIEND.
EIGHTH MONTH 1, 1896.
Among the proofs that in parts of our Society
where the fast element seems to rule, there are
yet preserved those who have not lost all their
attachment to the principles and practices of
Friends, is a letter recently received by our
publisher from a Friend in Michigan. The let-
ter says :
" My husband and myself, as well as a great
many others, do not enjoy many things that are
going on under the name of "Friends' Meet-
ings," of late years. It seems those who keep
quiet have to be ruled and carried by those who
do the talking, into many things that are very
inconsistent with Friends' manner of doing
things, so much creaturely activity that the
still, small voice is not heard or heeded by very
16
THE FRIEND.
many, to all appearance. All other denomina-
tions, it seems to us, are learning more of the
guidance of the Holy Ghost, in their different
gifts and callings, and often have more silent
waiting upon God than our people do. Our de-
sire is to be kept in the right way, avoiding
both right hand and left hand errors."
SUMMARY OF EVENTS.
United States. — On the 24th of Seventh Month
the silver party nominated Brvan and Sewall by ac-
clamation. The Populist convention nominated Thos.
Watson of Georgia for Vice President, and William
J. Bryan, of Nebraska, for President. The platform
adopts the principles of the recent Chicago Demo-
cratic convention, together with measures particular-
ly in the supposed interest of labor.
The Conference of sound money democrats in Chi-
cago has decided upon the appointment of a National
Committee of one horn each State to meet in Indian-
apolis on Eighth Month 7th for the purpose of issu-
ing a call for a National Convention, the time to be
not later than Ninth Month 2nd.
On the 24th of last month the United States Treas-
ury gold reserve was about $111,000,000. About |17,-
000,000 in gold, tendered by New York banks, have
been put in the Treasury cash, and about $500,000 re-
mains to be made up. Other cities tendering gold,
which was accepted, are as follows: Philadelphia,
12,7.50,000; Chicago, $2,500,000; Boston, $1,000,000.
The United States Circuit Court at St. Paul has de-
clared the Iowa anti-cigtrette law to be unconstitu-
tional. The ground taken was the same as in the
" liquor original package case."
The Brooklyn directory has this year 213,691 names,
7,711 more than appeared last year.
It is said that an electric light plant in the West,
which is not definitely located, is using flax straw
successfully for fuel. The straw costs one dollar a
ton, and two tons of it are said to be equal t.) a ton of
the best coal. It can be burned in ordinary coal
grates.
According to a recent report made by the New York
the street railways of the State are operated by elec-
tricity.
Some idea of the magnitude of the coal resources of
Huerfano County, Colorado, may be formed when it
is stated that there are about 40,000 acres, and each
acre contains 100,000 tons, or a total of 4,000,000,000
tons — an amount almost beyond comprehension.
A cloudburst in Benson's Creek, four miles from
Frankfort, Kentucky, caused a flood on the 21st ult.
At least ten persons were drowned, and a bridge on
the Louisville & Nashville Railroad was washed away.
On the 24th the " heaviest rainfall of a quarter of
a century " occurred at Pittsburg and vicinity. The
same day an immense cloudburst swept a portion of
Golden, Col., away shortly after 6 o'clock P. M. The
loss of life is variously estimated from ten to fifty. The
next day a second cloudburst and flood occurred at
Morrison, Colorado, and was attended by further loss
of life. Twenty-six dead bodies were recovered. The
number recovered at Golden by the cloudburst of the
previous day was three.
A Denver despatch says that one of the effects of
the recent cloudbursts in Colorado is to cut ofl' several
of the large mining camps from railroad connection
with the sources of their food supply. " General de-
population of the towns and the suspension of mining
until railroad repairs can be made is not improbable."
Milwaukee has 30,000 young men ; by actual count
on a Seventh-day night 12,000 of them were found in
the saloons. (And "the fortifications of the saloons
are the pillars of the church.")
A large number of two dollar notes, "raised " to
resemble $10 note*, have recently been passed in
Chicago.
The weekly Iowa weather crop bulletin shows the
oat crop in that State to be almost ruined by rust.
A majority of the fields are not worth cutting, and the
total output will be less than one-third the heavy
yield of last year.
Deaths in this city last week numbered 507, which
is 88 less than the previous week, and 86 less than the
corresponding week of last year. Of the foregoing,
248 were under five years of age ; 261 were males and
246 females: 84 died of cholera infantum; 48 of con-
sumption; 37 of heart disease; 32 of inflammation of
the stomach and bowels ; 29 of marasmus ; 22 of inani-
tion ; 22 of inflammation of the brain ; 17 of old age ;
14 of Bright'e disease; 13 of convulsions; 12 of pneu-
monia ; 12 of paralysis; 12 of cancer; 10 of diph-
theria, and 9 of apoplexy.
Markets, tfic— U. S. 2's, 94.V a 96; 4's, reg., 106 a
107; coupon, 107J a 108J; new 4's, reg., 1134 a 114;
coupon, 114J a 115; 5's, reg.,_110 a HI ; coupon, 111
a lli^ currency 6's, 100 a 105.
Cotton sold in a small way to spinners on a basis
of 7y'jC. per p^und for middling uplands.
Feed.— Spot bran, $10.00 a $11.50 for winter in
bulk, and $10.00 a $10.50 per ton for spring in sacks.
Flour.— Winter super, $1.90 a $2.15; do., extras,
$2.15 a $2..30 ; Pennsylvania roller, clear, $2.75 a $3.00 ;
do., do., straight, $3.00 a $3.25 ; Western winter, clear,
$2.75 a $3.00; do., do., straight, $3.00 a $3.25; do.,
do., patent, $3.35 a $3.55 ; spring, clear, $2.50 a $2.75 ;
do., straight, $3.15 a $3.30 ; do., patent, $3.35 a $3.65 ;
do., favorite brands, higher. City mills, extra, $2.00
a $2.25; do., clear, $2.85 a $3.10: do., straight, $3.20
a $3.35 ; do., patent, $3.40 a $3.6-5. Rye Flour sold
in a small way at $2.45 per bbl. for choice Penn'a.
Grain.— No. 2 red wheat, 62} a 62Jc.
No. 2 mixed corn, 31 a Sl^c.
No. 2 white oats, 25 a 25Jc.
Foreign. — On the 22nd of last month Princess
Maud of Wales and Prince Charles of Denmark were
married in the Chapel Royal, Buckingham Palace,
London. The Queen, with her children and their
families, w.as present. The Archbishop of Canter-
bury ofliciated.
The London correspondent of the New York Times
says : " Without exception, the labor leaders here re-
gard the reported capture of American trades union-
ism by Bryan with despair and disgust. They say that
the wage-earning class is the one of all others which
would be smashed first by such an upheaval as free
silver would provoke, and that it would be the last
class to recover from the catastrophe. The English
Socialist leader, Hyndman, takes the same view. He
denounces the silver delusion as childish, and he de-
clares that the impulse behind it is one of naked re-
pudiation of debts. From no class of either working
people or social reformers here does the silver-Popu-
list movement, as it has definel itself, get respect or
sympathy."
In the recent sweep of the Bois de Boulosne for
uisrepuiauie cnaraciers, a iramp with a strange his-
tory was taken. He hal been a sailor and master of
a sailing vessel, had undertaken to explore Abyssinia,
and had ended by becoming chief cook to King Mene-
lik. He grew homesick, however, made his escape,
and on reaching France had been unable to find
work.
Don Carlos, the Spanish pretender, is still hand-
some, but visibly older in face and manner. Those
who know him say that he now has no thought of the
Spanish or any other throne, and that the subject of
pretendership is distasteful to him.
The excavations in Pompeii have just brought to
light two bronze statuettes— one of a hare and the
other of a serpent — that evidently served as orna-
ments on a fountain. Several bronze vases have also
been unearthed.
A formidable revolt again.ot the Turks is going on
in Macedonia. A strong feeling of indignation has
been stirred up in Berlin on account of alleged atroci-
ties of the Turks, and the German papers urge inter-
ference by the Powers.
O le gets an idea of the magnificent distances of the
Czar's realm from learning that a Russian general
who was in a hurry to get to St. Petersburg from
Vladivostok, found the time-saving route was to go to
Yokohama by steamer, thence by another steamer
across the Pacific to San Francisco, by rail to New
York, and by steamer to Europe. The gap between
the finished sections of the Trans-Siberian Railroad is
so many hundred miles in length that the general
would have lost time in traversing the wilds of that
vast country, where horses furnish all the transport.
The Politische Coirespondeiiz learns from St. Peters-
burg that the transportation of convicts to Siberia is
about to be brought to an end. General Duchovski,
the Governor-General of Siberia, has urged in high
quarters the acceleration of this measure, and it is
expected that an imperial order to this effect will be
issued shortly.
An accident, resulting in the loss of fifty lives, has
occurred on the railway between Bombay and Delhi.
The train was running at good speed, when it was
thrown from the rails and a number of the coaches
wrecked. Most of the killed were natives.
Chinese advices to the 8th instant, received at Van-
couver, are to the effect that the Mohammedan rebels
have annihilated C,000 Imperial troops.
The stronghold of the Matabeles in the Matoppo
Hills, south of Buluwayo, has been taken by the Brit-
ish forces.
A despatch of the 26th inslant from Buluwayo says
that the Matabele have repulsed the British foreeS:
under command of Captain Nicholson in the Matoppo,
Hills, and that the Imperial troops in Cape C';ploiiy
have been ordered to take the field.
The party of American manufacturers which sailed
from New York Seventh Month 1st, viaSouthamptou
and London, arrived in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
RECEIPTS. j
Unless otherwise specified, two dollars hsis been re- -j
ceived from each person, paying for vol. 70. I
R. C. Shoemaker, Pa., and for Elizabeth L. Iredell;]
Elizabeth C. Dunn, N. J.; Elizibeth Hargrave Smith,
Phila.; Joseph Warner Jcmes and Mary E.Jones, Pa.;
Sarah M. Tatum, N. J.; Juliana N. Powell, Sarah P.
Darnell, Samuel Haine-s, Alfred C. Haines and Dr.
Samuel S. Haines, N. J.; Sarah E. Wistar, Phila.; J.
Benjamin Glavin, Phila.; Clarkson Hodgin, Kansas ;
Hannah Mickle, N. J.; Henry B. Leeds, Agent, N. J.,
$30, for Isaac Powell Leeds, M. and R Matlack, Anna
W. Hooton, Beulah S. Leeds, Edwin R. Bell, Uriah
Bortoo, Miriam L. Roberts, Joseph H. Matlack,
Joshua L. Harmer, Howard H. Bell, William Mat-
lack, Allen Maxwell, Ind., Deborah W. Buzby and
for Walter S. Reeve and William M. Winner ; Joseph
B. Bettles and William Bettles, 111.; S. H. Foster, 111.;
Sarah M. Burgess, Pa.; Ephraim Smith, Phila., and
for Elizabeth Hughes and Morris S. Cope, Pa., Dr. i
Lindley M. Williams, Cal., Joel J. Smith, la., Lucy
Jacobs, N. Y., and Henrietta Green, Ireland, and IbrJ
Damaris Gardner, N. J., to No. 27, vol. 71 ; Joelj
Bean, Cal.; Richard Ashhridge, Pa.; Isaac Hall, Pa.J
Benjamin Hoopes, Pa., and for W. Walter HoopeJ
and Townsend W. Hoopes, Minn.; M. Eleanor MagillJ
Phila.; Addison Hutton, Phila. ; John Tatum, Phila.-I
David Comfort, N. J.; David Cope, Pa.; Debbie E.j
Cope, Pa.; Joseph Evans, N. J.; William Scattergood,!
Pa., and for Charles C. Scattergood, Pa.; Mary E. C.id-|
walader, Phila.; Christopher H. Jones, N. j.; JamesI
G. McCoUin, Phila., and for Frances B- McCoUin,
Thomas H. McCollin and Benjamin Vail, Charles
Potts, Pa., Margaretta E. Reed, N. J., and for George
Poroytke, Pa.; VVilliam P. Churchill, Nova Scotia ;
Anna W. Bailey, Phila. Henry Hall, Pa.; Samuel P.
Leeds and for Henry W. Leeds, N. J.; Priscilla Lip-
pincott, N. J.; Lvdia S. Thomas, Pa.; George Jones,
W. Phila., and for Charles C. Haines, N. J.; Eliza-
beth B. Ash, Pa.; Walter P. Stokes, N. J.; Mary B.
Clement, N. J.; Charles Stokes, Agent, N. J., for Ka-
chel L. Atkinson, Charles Cooper, Levi Troth, Isaac
W. Stoke«, Joseph H. Haines, Joshua S. Wills, Jo-
seph C. Allen, Samuel J. Eves and Jane Lippincott ;
Josiah Lippincott, Lsaac Lippincott and Charles A.
Lippincott, N. J.; Rachel K. Evans, N. J., and for,
John B. Jones, Oklahoma, and William T. Zook, Pa.
S&'Re^niUances received after Third-day evening will\
not appear in the Receipts until the following week. '
NOTICES. i
Friends are warned against a colored man, giving]
the name of Jacob Conover, who claims to be con-1
uected with the Institute for Colored Youth. His
representation that be is authorized to solicit money
for the Industrial Department is false, as he is un-
known to the managers of the Institute.
George Vaux, Jk., Sec'y. i
Correction. — In the account given of New Eng-
land Yearly Meeting in last Fkiend, the name '
" Mary Capper," should have been " Mary Dyer."
Mary Dyer was hanged in Boston for preaching as a
Friend. On the gallows she was abjured by her early
pastor to repent, and not to be so deluded and carried
away by the deceit of the devil." She was accused of
having sai.l that she had been in Par^idise ; to which
she replied, " Yea, 1 have been in Paradise these sev-
eral days," and added, " No ear can hear, no tongue
can utter, no heart can understand, the sweet incense
and the refreshing of the Spirit of the Lord, which
I now feel." She was accompanied from the prison
to the gallows by a band of soldiers, and drums were
beaten before aud behind her, that none might hear
her speak.
Died, at his home near West Chester, Pa., Sixth
Month 27th, 1896, Curtis H. Warrington, in the
forty-filth year of his age ; a member of West Chester
Particular and Birmingham Monthly Meetings of
Friends.
THE FRIEND.
A Religious and Literary Journal.
VOL. LXX.
SEVENTH-DAY, EIGHTH MONTH 8, 1896.
No. 3.
PUBLISHED WEEKLY.
Price, if paid in advance, $2.00 per annum.
Subscriplums, pajfinenis and business communiealiom
received by
Edwin P. Sellew, Publisher,
No. 207 Walnut Place,
(South from Walnut Street, between Third and Fourth,)
PHILADELPHIA.
Articles designed /or inserUon to be addressed to
JOSEPH WALTON,
MooRESTOWN, Burlington Co., N. J.
Entered as second-class matter at Philadelphia P. O.
Diary and Letters of Deborah Brooks Webb.
(Continued froin page 10.)
1850. Fifth Month 25th.— Oh ! may I be
what I ought. May I have that sober, serious
look that so becomes a teacher, setting a good
Bxample.
Sixth Mo. 13th. — My poor soul has been
visited this day. William Walter spoke to it
from God.
23rd. — Eliza Parker, from Philadelphia,
ike to us in meeting. I was instructed. May
Ibe grateful and obedient for such favors.
30th.— I was humbled this day. I tried, but
could not humble myself. I could not thank
Hira for all his protection in ray own will, but
at last He made me do it, aud brought my
great spirit low.
Seventh Month 3rd. — Went to Susan Tem-
ples' home to-day. She was very kind to me ;
gave me " Memoir of Jane Bettle."
25th. — Quiet in meeting. The best day. May
I be thankful. May I be my Heavenly Father's
little child and be obedient.
Eighth Month 6th.— Monthly Meeting. P.
House said they were a satisfied committee. It
is only ray Heavenly Father that made me do
well. Be pleased, Holy Father, that she may
not ever say so, when I do not deserve it. I
thank her for the exertion of coming.
11th. — Had a good meeting, because I tried
to wait in the right way, I believe.
14th. — May I be led by the Good Spirit ; then
things will be good. "The pure see God, none
impure go to Heaven. Trouble — it worketh
good for me.
20th. — Teacher Priscilla (Walter) is no more.
Died about ten o'clock last night. May I try
to obey, to die happy.
22nd. — Funeral. Oh, for more dedication.
I have taken up my cross, but I must take it
up more. How I wish I could love the cross.
29th.— Wm. Walter spoke. God did tell
him my state, in mercy to me.
Ninth Month 15th. — I was with Aunt Ann
to spend the night. As we were conversing, I
was on the point of saying, that it seemed to
me I could suffer for Christ's sake, as the an-
cient Friends did of whom we were speaking ;
but I thought I had better not, as it would look
forward to say so — however, I thought so. To-
day, again, while reading to grandmother, I
was going to say so, but did not. I am glad I
did not, for it came to my mind just now, that
if I was so willing to suffer as they did, why
could I not take up my cross, as seems required
of me, but which I seem so unwilling to do. Oh,
may I be preserved and attend to the Silent
Monitor.
Tenth Month 13th.— Silent Meeting. How
I would like to be obedient enough to feel that
I am one of his flock ; his sheep know his voice.
23d. — How kind the Lord is to me to pro-
vide such kind friends, as I find in the West-
town teachers.
Twelfth Month 15th.— How glad I am that
God sent Mary Kite to visit the meetings.
1851. First Month 5th.— Deeply did I wish
this day to serve God from a true feeling.
School seems to draw my mind from serious
thought.
7th. — Monthly Meeting. I ought to obey.
" Not every one that saith unto me. Lord, Lord,
shall enter into the kingdom of heaven, but he
that doeth the will of my Father, which is in
heaven." I am afraid I am not fit to teach.
Oh ! if I could keep in a Heavenly watch.
12. — I did try to get humble to-day before
my Heavenly Father. May He incline my
heart to serve Him in sincerity.
28th. — I have engaged here (Parkersville),
for nest summer. May I sincerely serve the
Lord. He will work for me. John the Bap-
tist, had to inquire, even after baptizing our
Saviour, whether He was the Christ or not.
This shows how frail we are. I must endeavor
to wait and seek Him sincerely. I must desire
none but his glory, and the good of my fellow
creatures. Oh ! that I may be faithful in school.
Third Month 9th.— Wm. Walter spoke. I
am so glad. The Lord is still waiting to be
gracious. Oh ! God bend my stubborn neck.
17th. — Attend astronomy school in the even-
ings. I like it, but feel as though it was very
lively, perhaps too lively, for me to join in. I
am afraid.
20th.— Yesterday, Henry Whitall called in,
and showed moon maps.
24th. — Saw Jupiter's belts through his tel-
escope.
Fourth Month 8th. — Oar dear brother John
has bought a place for father and mother to
live in. May God bless and prosper him, and
may we all be good.
Sixth Month 12th; stormy morning, so we
cannot go to meeting ; sorry. What can relieve
the poor, the weary, thirsty soul, but God.
15th.— My Heavenly Father so kind to me.
Samuel Cope here. I must obey and be very
lowly. I was determined to be good this week,
but day after day goes by, without making ad-
vance and taking the cross.
22nd. — Silent meeting. I did try to get quiet
and wait on God, and I hope I succeeded. I
want to be good, and just because He calls me to
be, I want this to be my reason, but my heart is
not pure. Thou hast said, oh Holy Father, " Ask
and ye shall receive." I do want to ask thee to
cleanse, purify, and purge my heart, if it is thy
holy will. Tiiou hast al.so said, "Hira that com-
eth unto lue, I will in no wise cast out." Help
me to be pure and ready all the time to die, so
I could go to heaven.
27th. — Grove Meeting to-day. Thomas Con-
rad, of West Grove, and dear friend, William
Walter spoke. Oh, for a more watchful, pray-
erful state of mind. That is the right state for
to be in, that I may direct my school
aright.
Eighth Month 5th.-Phebe W. Roberts at
our Monthly Meeting, E. and C. Passmore with
her. It was such a good meeting. I wish I
could feel peace.
9th. — There seems to be a sweet feeling about
me to-night. I wonder if it is jjeace. Be obe-
dient, oh my soul, and bless the Lord for all
his goodness. I hope I may learn to be good
and never be cast away. Help me, Heavenly
Firther.
Ninth Month loth. — How good it is that
there is a place provided for me at West Chester.
Such a good boarding-place, too, at Martha
Jefieris'. How thankful I ought to 'be. It was
not of my own finding. Oh ! Heavenly Father,
make me thy obedient child.
Tenth Month 7th. — Monthly Meeting. I
cannot go, because they want rae so soon in
West Chester, that I cannot take any holiday.
I have so many favors. It is all in mercy.
21st.— Father is no more. Dear father— he
was buried to-day at ten o'clock. Found dead
on Seventh-day morning. How good that he
was preserved during the night from passing
animals. On the eighteenth, he went to the store
and never came to our home alive again. Oh,
how sad that he should have died thus. Mother
waited, anxiously waited, for his return, but at
last retired, thinking with some of the neigh-
bors, that possibly the hard rain which had
commenced after his departure had made him
willing to stay with the storekeeper. Mother
and others of the family scarcely rested that
night, feeling very anxious. About day, mother
and Mary started out, thinking to see certainly
where he was. They were expecting to meet
him every moment, when sister discovered him
lying in the street. Poor dear father. Probably
an apoplectic stroke ended his life instantly.
27th. — Commenced school in West Chester.
Oh ! how shall I do, and how can I take my
cross. I fear man.
29th.— Monthly Meeting. Silent. Very few
scholars. School seems so different from any that
I have before had — some more refined, others
more rough than I expected. I wish I could
only get strength enough to be nothing.
Eleventh Month 2nd.— At meeting. Dear
Hannah Gibbons spoke to my state. Called
this evening to see her. Dear woman ; wish I
could be as good as she is.
11th.— Quarterly Meeting. A day of visita-
tion to my poor soul, in which the young were
counselled to take the cross and despise the
shame.
28th.— Rowland Howell deceased this day at
James Emlen's.
18
THE FRIEND.
30th.— Silent Meeting. Am I the Jonah ? I
think so. When will I submit to be a follower
of the commanda of my Heavenly Father. It
is only He that can make me willing to submit
to his yoke.
Twelfth Month 4th —Silent Meeting. Han-
nah Gibbons away. Edith Kite is here. A
kind woman. She speaks so slow and pleasant.
6th.— Ebenezer Worth and an Indian chief
called to see Martha and Ann Jefferis.
15th. — School very trying now. I wish my
Heavenly Father would bless me, and give me
an assurance of his protection. I am very poor.
18th. — Samuel Cope at our meeting to-day;
spoke. It encouraged me. Oh, that I could
die, or was only fit to die, and go from this
world of woe.
24th. — Fire in Washington City ; much of
the library gone. Very' cold indeed. Scholars
few, so cold.
26th. — Snowing again, making excellent
sleighing.
27th. — The coldest day. Some say seven,
some say fourteen degrees below zero.
31st.— Monthly Meeting. Phebe W. Roberts'
appointed meeting. She prayed that she might
be supported, becoming as a fool for Christ's
sake. May that prayer be for me, too.
1852. First Month 4th. —My dear, dear
friend Gibbons spoke aiijcl prayed for the youug.
Oh, may I submit to the yoke.
11th. — W. spoke of the parable of the sower.
Thankful. I must not expect to get along
smoothly always.
15th. — Cordelia Bayes had an appointed
meeting. Good to me, is my Heavenly Father.
I must more and more serve Him.
29th. — Ah, me! obedience must be my por-
tion, or I die. Oh, Heavenly Father, do with
me as thou seest fit, only make me to obey
and follow thee where thou leadest the way,
and grant that I may feel peace of mind. Grant
me too, oh Holy Father, tiiat I may love thee
supremely. I want more heavenly love in my
heart. May I be thy child.
Third Month 1st. — What a favor to be
aroused and instructed. I am trying to take
my cross. My school is more and more pleas-
ant. I do desire to give up my will, but as my
heart is so stubborn and my feelings so hard.
Holy Father, cast me not off, but look down
with pity upon poor me.
14th. — Silent meeting, but I think I can say
with dear George Fox, that towards the last
the Lord's power was over "all," even in me.
Fourth Month 5th. — Remarkable weather.
Snow, rain, tempest and cold.
17tli.— Came to Philadelphia to attend Yearly
Meeting.
18th. — I am here in Philadelphia at dear
aunt P. P's, and cousin Mary Stokes. Tiiey
are very kind — more so than I deserve. May
they have their reward, though it is not in our
power to give it.
This being First-day, we attended Sixth St.
Meeting in the morning, where was John Wil-
bur. He spoke, also Morris Cope, both con-
cerned to lead us into a deep, inward walk
with God. In the afternoon attended Twelfth
Street Meeting. Edith Griffiths spoke much,
and others supplicated that those who were on
the barren hills of a false profession might be
drawn to the right place, etc.
Fifth Month. — I have not been obedient
during Yearly Meeting week, nor since. Oh !
may a merciful God not forsake, but enable
me to be his child.
14th. — Yesterday was the Quarterly Meeting
at Concord. Morris Cope spoke upon our
Saviour's entering Jerusalem and the children
crying out, " Hosanna in the highest," etc., also
saying that they (the Jews), thought He would
deliver them from their present rulers and
reign peacefully over them, but He went into
the temple of the heart, and overthrew the tables
of the money changers, and cast out those that
sold doves. He also said, "Ye cannot serve
God and niammou," and that we have not an
High Priest, that cannot be touched with a
feeling of our infirmities, but was in all points
tempted as we are, yet without sin. Then Wm.
Kite spoke, " Blessed are they which do hunger
and thirst after righteousness, for they shall be
tilled," saying that it is by obedience that we
are enabled to get into this hungering state.
Next Samuel Cope enlarged much and with
power upon the text, "Ye cannot serve God
and mammon," and I feel that instead of set-
tling down under the cross, it is becoming
harder and harder. Oh ! Holy Father, have
mercy yet upon me. In the last meeting some
others spoke. It was a day of resolutions to serve
the Lord, but I expect they will be broken.
Thou who art all powerful, be pleased to break
my stubborn heart and make it obedient to
thee.
(To be continued.)
For " The Fkiend."
Terra del Fuego, etc.
The southern extremity of South America,
including Patagonia and the archipelago of
islands which lie on the south side of the Straits
of Magellan, form a portion of the earth's sur-
face with which many persons are compara-
tively unacquainted. A book of John P. Spears,
published last year by G. P. Putnam's Sons,
contains much interesting information concern-
ing it.
One of the curious facts is that it contains an
extensive deposit of gold, which is found dif-
fused in grains through a black magnetic iron
sand, which underlies much of the country in
a bed of a few inches in thickness, and always
below sea-level.
In the year 1876 a small schooner engaged
in seal fishing was stranded near the southeast
corner of Patagonia. The crew escaped to land
with some provision and other valuables, in-
cluding a shovel. Patagonia is a desert re
gion, where one may travel hundreds of miles
without seeing sweet water, and yet with a
shovel plenty may be had by a man who knows
where to dig. A man was put to work by
the shipwrecked crew digging for water. When
he had gotten down about three feet, he began
to throw out a layer of black sand dotted over
with yellow particles of gold !
In 1884 the steamship Arctic was wrecked
near the same spot as the sealing schooner, and
the wreckers who flocked to the place for plun-
der, engaged in digging and found considerable
gold. One man cleaned up thirty-seven pounds
of gold in two weeks' time.
While the gold-bearing sand was being worked
off, the miners observed that the supply was
somewhat renewed by every storm that raged
— probably washed up from a streak that crops
out somewhere below low tide. Geologists
think that this gold-bearing layer extends for
over a thousand miles along the Patagonia
coast, always below the water-line. It must
have existed at one time in the form of a vein
a thousand miles long in some prehistoric range
of mountains.
Our author gives an interesting account of
the native Indian tribe, called Yahgaus, that
inhabit the mountainous islands in the vicinity
of Terra del Fuego. These mountains rise so
suddenly from the sea, that in many places
there is not even space for a foothold, although
mostly a narrow beach is found. The huts in-
habited by the Yahgans were made of poles
and thatched with brush and grass about the
shape, and little larger than a haystack. They
were opened on the side, and the fire was
built just within the opening. The people were
often stark naked, save for a breech clout, and
the children were always so. Living thus, shel-
terless and naked, in a land of fierce and freez-
ing storms, he was described as the most mis-
erable specimen of humanity to be found on
earth. Yet he was really both healthy and
happy. Like the whale he had a coat of fat
under his skin that was a better protection than
flannel and blankets. Besides, he was in the
habit of frequently greasing himself all over:
with oil. _ '
His weapons and canoes evinced much in-
genuity and mechanical skill. The canoe waa
built of bark, about twenty-five feet long, and
well adapted for speed, safety and capacity.
His chopping instrument was an axe made of a
clam shell, with rounded stone lashed to the
hinge side, and the opposite side ground down
to a cutting edge. For weapons he made har-
poons, spears and slings.
It is a remarkable fact that these uncultured
people had a language containing not less than
forty thousand words, and they had among
them poets, novelists and historians.
By the efforts of missionaries these people
were induced in measure to adopt European
habits and clothing, but with a most disastrous
effect on their health and numbers. "They had
slept naked in the freezing rain, but now, if
they sat down in their shirt sleeves while at
work, they caught a cold that developed into a
fatal disease. Of a tribe three thousand strong,
less than three hundred can now be found."
J. W.
A Peesceiption for the Season. — A pa-
thetic and tragic incident was narrated by an
eminent surgeon to a class of medical students.
"Shortly after I took up practice a case was
placed in my hands of a man who had been in-
jured seriously, but not necessarily fatally. It
required an operation, which I performed satis-
factorily to myself; but the patient needed spe-
cial attention, lest blood poisoning set in. My
plans were made to visit him twice a day to
wash the wound and change bandages. In those
days I was a devotee of the gun and rod, and,
not being embarrassed with work, I went into the
wood. The day wore away, and I had brought
down nothing. Not willing to return with an
empty bag, I forgot my patient, and reached
home late at night bringing a few birds, but
being weary thought that it would be sufficient
to see him in the morning. But, gentlemen,
unlooked-for complications had set in, and be-
fore the morning came I was aroused, hastened
to the patient to find that the chances were all
against him ; and, do what I could, he did not
recover. Believing that had I seen him the
evening before, this would not have happened,
I can only free my.self from the guilt of murder
by pleading to myself my youth and inexperi-
ence. Gentlemen, place your patient before
your pleasure or your ease. Put yourself in
his place and he in yours, and do for him what
you, if helpless, would wish him to do for you."
— Christian Advocate.
Ambition carries the torch of discord.
THE FRIEND.
19
For "The Friend.'
Life in (lermany.
We .are oft' to-day ou what iu America we call
a picnic, but which here is a " tour." Iu fhct
ever siuce we came to Hauover difterent people
have told me that I must not go awa}' with-
out making the " Deister tour," and so when
Clara Ehrborn came the other day and said the
four higher classes with their professors from the
girls' high school were going to spend the day
the Deister, and that the parents and friends
could come along I was very glad to join.
Frau Dr. came too, and Albanae and one of
the persons who live with us came in a later
train and joined us here.
We left Hanover a little after nine this A.
M. and came by train to a station at the foot
of the range of hills called Deister-berg (berg
ns mountain and they call every little rise
by that name here), and then for about three
hours we followed a very pretty path through
the woods and all the time up and up until we
came to a high tower built up in the midst of
the forest and reaching high above the tree-tops
that from above one has a fine view of tlie
entire country. At first we came through a
village street that was intensely interesting.
The peasant houses have all been remodeled,
although one could see very plainly how it used
to be. The entrance is like a barn with wide
doors and stone floor, over the door of each was
jainted the names of the man and his wife and
her maiden name, with the date I suppose of
their marriage or else entrance in the house.
On either side of this wide passage-way are the
dwelling rooms with the windows facing toward
the street, formerly there were no rooms and no
windows but simply stalls, on one side being the
cattle and on the other the horses, while the fam-
ily (apparently a second consideration) lived
entirely in the back part of the building.
In the little village were numerous houses
with the horse heads over the gable, which as I
isaid in another letter is a remnant of the olden
times when horses were sacrificed to Wodan
and the skulls were placed over the housetop
-as a token of the faithfulness of the inhabitants
jin performing their duty.
j At the tower was of course plenty to drink,
jreally it is at first laughable and then distaste-
ful, but finally one gets used to it and thinks
nothing more about it, to see the way the Ger-
mans drink. I suppose there are several hun-
dred children along, most of them had raspberry
vinegar which they mixed with water, but still
there was no lack of beer. We had brought a
I lunch along of course, and had eaten it under
jthe trees. I never forget my mountaineering
experiences, and drink little, if any, when tak-
jing a tramp, I find it is only a habit, the more
one drinks the more one waufe and is in every
way more uncomfortable.
On reaching the tower I felt rather tired and
went away to one side in the woods to take a
little nap. Then we came on here and about
two minutes later came Albanae and the others
that had come all the way by train (A. could
not leave her school of course). This is a truly
German place, and a very popular one for par-
ties from Hanover. Besides numerous verandas
there are scores of tables with chairs stationed
about under the trees, or in pretty little artifi-
cial grottoes covered with vines. Here dinner
is served if one wishes or simply what one
chooses to order. We had not planned to take
the table d'hote so simply ordered coffee and
milk.
It has been very warm, really hot, and al-
ready there are signs of a thunder-storm. The
children are having a lovely time in the play-
grounds; they look very pretty and certainly
are making the most of their day in the woods.
Albanae runs along with them and it is just as
though she always had lived in Germany. I
have gatiiered a few flowers along the way
which I sand thee. The Germans certainly
know how to enjoy themselves out of doors, but
their aversion to water is something amusing,
they do not seem to think that anyone can drink
it without something to give it a taste. When
I speak about the Americans drinking ice water
they look horrified and exclaim, " how very un-
healthful !" Then I tell them that we think to
bring up children on beer, or in fact to drink
it at all, is worse than unhealthy, but you can-
not make them understand. By Frau Dr.'s
there is seldom any used by any one for she is
one of the few Germans who dcjes not like beer.
I will stop now and go with Frau Dr. to get
some fern roots to carry back with us, so fare-
well for the present.
After writing so much I laid it aside and went
with Frau Dr. to dig some ferns by the roots
and then to watch the children at their games.
Suddenly it occurred to me that Baringliausen
was a "dorf" (village) and as yet I had been
in none, at least not on foot so that I could in-
vestigate. I told Frau Dr. of my desire to see
the quaint houses and of course asked her to go
along, though I secretly hoped she would do the
thing she did, which was to prefer to remain
quietly there and watch the children, for when
alone I can always see more, and besides my
chief delight is to talk with the people, and
when any one is with me I do not have the
same opportunity. So I started off" alone agree-
ing to be back at seven so as to go with the
party to the train.
I have scarcely enjoyed anything more than
that afternoon since 1 have been in Germany.
It was so quaint and interesting. Such a Ger-
man dorf is quite unlike anything which we
have in America. It dates back centuries of
course and the customs very much farther, for
instance there is no such thing as isolated homes
in the country, the peasant classes since the ear-
liest days have always lived clustered together,
and go to their work sometimes a two hours'
journey every morning returning home at night.
The houses are all of brick and two stories high,
with gable end to the street. I have spoken of
the wide barn-like entrance filled with all sorts
of utensils and the provisions being up among
the rafters. In front of the house was often a
little garden with roses and flowers and then
before eacli door were one or more benches
where many or few of the family were sitting;
mostly there was an old withered, white-capped
grandmother knitting stockings, and every
house swarmed (I mean that literally) with
children. I nodded and smiled at them all (es-
pecially the grandmothers, for these old worn
t women go to my heart and interest me in-
tensely), and they warmly returned my greet-
ing.
Before one house which looked especially at-
tractive or rather cleaner than some, I stopped
and asked the woman not to take it unkindly of
me, but it would give me great pleasure to see a
peasant home and hers looked so tidy I ventured
to ask her to show it to me. She was very friendly
and took me about. Over the house was grow-
ing what I took to be a vine but which was in
reality a pear tree with a large trunk, but so
traiued and trimmed that it made that appear-
ance; it was quite loaded with fruit, joined
to the house by a slanting roof was the goat
stall (every house has such an annex), and I
learned that a good goat gives about three
quarts of very good milk a day, and that they
made butter from it but not cheese. They had
a nice vegetable garden back of the house and
seemed very contented and happy. Of the in-
terior I saw only the " gute stube," which means
the best room, and which was tidy and decorated
by a cupboard of interesting old china, a big
porcelain stove and various chromos with of
course one of the Kaiser and Kaiserin conspic-
uous among them. If I had forethought enough
to put a few loose pfennige in my pocket before
starting so that I could have given some to the
little tots that gathered about to see what that
strange individual wanted, I would have asked
to have seen the kitchen and sleeping rooms
but she did not oflfer. I had nothing less than
a mark in my pocket, I did not like to ask.
As I went up and down the streets I saw con-
stantly some new phase of peasant life. Many
of the houses were unaltered but presented the
stable front to the street so that the grunt of
the pigs, the lowing of the cattle and the stamp
of tlie horses feet came out of the front door,
along with the numerous odors that are said to
be very healthful if not aesthetic. I kept con-
stantly meeting old and young of both sexes re-
turning from their day's work carrying their
hoes or rakes, and often huge baskets of hay on
their backs. Naturally I attracted a good deal
of attention and seemed to excite a great deal
of merriment among the younger groups, who
evidently are not much bothered with strang-
ers making tours of inspection in their town.
Besides the children there were great numbers
of cats and dogs and kids besides ducks and
geese, with all of whom I made friends. I was
very much amused with one little boy, whom I
saw carrying a loaf of rye bread almost as large
as himself, both arms did not much more than
reach round it, and sticking out from about his
coat collar were small white rolls which his
hands could not manage. I tried to enter into
conversation with him but he evidently felt no
great confidence in me and I could get no re-
sponse to my many questions, as soon as I would
leave off" talking to him he would come along
side of me and slyly looking out of the corner of
his eye in the funniest way, and as I turned to
speak, down would go his head and he would run
off-.
As I came back down the street again I found
him among a group of people, evidently his
family, that he had called together. Among
them stood the old old grandparents (they look-
ed over a hundred) and numerous cats. They
looked very smiling and very poor, and I
stopped and talked a little, but felt so sorry not
to have something to give the little children,
I soon went on.
It was just after this that I looked at my
watch and in dismay found it already fifteen
minutes before seven. I had been too much
occupied with the sights that I had encoun-
tered to think of time. But I was determined
not to return as I had come, and started oft' in
the direction, but ou another street. I soon
found myself in quite a maze, and I asked nearly
every one I saw to tell me the nearest way to
the hotel. When I came on the straight street
leading there I broke into a run regardless of
the laughs that I heard from lioth sides.
They had already left on the way to the train
and after flying around through the garden
several times to see that no one was there look-
ing for me, I started running down the road to
20
THE FRIEND.
the station. As I passed the last gate of the
garden some one called out and said there was
no great rush, and turning round I found one
of the professors to whom I had been introduced
before so we walked on together. I had scarcely
spoken with him ten minutes before he began
telling me that he had never heard a foreigner
speak the German so well, that he had known
numberless English and Americans in the uni-
versity and they come continually to listen to
the class reciting, but he had seen none who
seemed to so thoroughly have the spirit of the
language. I was very much surprised and grati-
fied of course, though I realize that I make con-
stantly mistakes which he admitted, but said
such things were of little consequence com-
pared with the accent and whole manner of
expression, as for grammatical correctness I
could learn that in America or any where, but
to have a comprehension of the language such
as I showed in speaking was what could only
be gotten b}' living the German life and seeing
it in all its phases. He afterward came over
and said the same to Frau Dr. and expressed
regret that I had not attended the school this
winter. I explained that I would have done
so had I been physically able, and hoped some-
time to come back and take ray examination in
the language.
I speak of this, because I am so conscious of
my grammatical errors that I feel sometimes so
disgusted with myself that I do not know what
to do, and such an unbiased opinion gives me
more courage. But then I happened to speak
remarkably well that afternoon because I always
can when I am excited, and I had seen so much
to delight me that I was all wound up. But
one thing I am determined to do, and I will
have the opportunity from Gothiugen, and that
is to study this same "dorf" life and the peas-
ants. It interests me a hundred times more
than palaces and princes; here is something
natural and primitive and full of instruction,
but the next time I go I will take something
for the children, though I like the grandmothers
best, but they are pleased if the children are.
_E. S. Kite.
Summer in the City Slums.
BY MAUDE BALLINGTON BOOTH.
Summer, with its sunbeams and flowers, its
leaf laden forests and glittering ocean waves, is
glorious; but summer in the crowded city slums,
with its oppressive heat, its foul odors and
quickly-spreading diseases, is a sad and sultry
season. Not being among those who can spend
the hot months at the seaside or in the moun-
tains, I have had some experience of summer in
New York City, and I have not found it at all
a season to be dreaded in the business portions
of the town. True, one can on really hot days
feel the heat of the sidewalk through the soles
of one's shoes, and the glare of sun and stone-
paving is somewhat trying to the eyes, but in
the offices of big business buildings one is com-
paratively cool. An extra hot wave every now
and then may give one the feeling of passing
through a Turkish bath, but such days are al-
most always followed by cooling showers and
fresh breezes.
However hot and sultry the streets, the ele-
vated road is almost always breezy, and after
dark, cool wiuds from the harbor sweep re-
freshingly up the main thoroughftires and ave-
nues. I, personally, have often thought that
we have less of the scorching and baking ex-
perience of summer's sun in the great city than
the people who were holidaying on the unpro-
tected seashores, with the glare of sand and
sea and sky unbroken by the shade of big stone
buildings.
But, alas! there are sections of our cities
where summer is indeed a dreadful time of suf-
fering and misery. The cold of winter, which
counts many a starving, homeless wanderer
among its victims, however cruel and keen, can
be better escaped than the suffocating heat and
its many consequences. The overcrowding of
the tenement and lodging houses, the squalor
and dirt, the foul odors and many diseases, are
all more loathsome and dangerous in summer.
When we remember that hundreds of little chil-
dren die daily of the diseases brought on by the
effect of heat on their ill-fed, weakened and un-
cared for little bodies, we can understand some-
thing of the sorrow and hopelessness that follow
in the track of every hot wave.
I have visited Slumdom in summer, have
passed in and out of the crowded, foul-air dives
and saloons on a Saturday night, have climbed
up the stairs of the great crowded tenements
where the people sleep out on the fire escapes or
on the roofs for a breath of fresh air, and have
seen myself the little wasted faces of wee babies
taken out by weary mothers on the crowded
doorsteps to catch any stray breezes from the
river. My wonder on such occasions was not
that so many died, but that so many little ones
managed to live through the horrors of a hot
wave.
To those who have never gone through them,
it would be difficult to adequately describe the
condition of the homes of the outcast poor. I
have been through some of the tenement houses
occupied by twenty or thirty families. Some-
times we have found families living in two
rooms — a father, mother, halfgrown sons and
daughters, little children and even lodgers —
crowded together in quarters so small that one
did not wonder there was no room for proper
furniture, even had they been rich enough to
afford it. After a night of debauch in such
homes, we have found the adults sleeping off
their drunken stupor on the floor, while the in-
nocent little ones played or cried in unheeded
neglect. In many homes of the slums you will
find little or no furniture — a bed on the floor,
a table and a chair and a few cooking imple-
ments comprising the family belongings. Some-
times even these are missing, and the absolutely
bare room, filthy and desolate, tells its tale of
the last stages in a life of want and hopeless
poverty. Little babies can be found in the
slums who possess as their wardrobes one filthy
little garment, and we have found them abso-
lutely unclothed, not only in summer's heat,
but in winter's cold.
To my mind, the life in the common lodging-
houses is about the worst and lowest level into
which the poor can sink. If a family, however
poor, has its own room, even though that room
l)e a garret, there is some amount of possession
and privacy about it ; but in the big rooms of
these lodging-houses, which sometimes accom-
modate four, five, and even si.x families in a
room, the condition and degradation of the
people is beyond description. Among all the
liorrors of Slumdom, one such house through
which I went from cellar to garret always
stands out as a type of misery. In its better
days it had been a gentleman's mansion, but
the big parlors were now turned into the most
squalid of lodging rooms. Beds without any
pretense of bed covering arranged around the
roiim : the washing of the different families was
strung across on ropes — wretched rags, which
did not look much the cleaner for the process
they had passed through ; a general cook stove,
one table, a dilapidated old lounge and a
wooden bench comprised the whole furniture of
the establishment, besides the six beds, one of
which had collapsed and lay in fragments, with
its occupant amid the wreck.
And that was the lodging place of ten or
twelve adults, to say uotliing of the poor little
babies and neglected children who played on
the floor or lay sleeping on the beds!
On going up flight after flight, much the
same sort of scene met us in each room, though
the others had not so many occupants. On
some of the landings ash barrels stood filled
with refuse and leavings, and when we got up
into the dark garret we found four or five small
attic rooms in the most dilapidated condition,
let off to different families. After entering the
difl^erent rooms, I was so nauseated with the
foulness of the air and the pestilential odors
that I had to step out into the passage-way,
sick and giddy. On going into the streets again,
the air seemed refreshing and cool by contrast,
though to come to these streets from other por-
tions of the city, one is oppressed by the heavy
sultriness of the air.
In one tenement house, in the heat of sum-
mer, the tenants complained much for over a
week of the foulness of the place, and on an in-
vestigation being made in a tenantless room,
which the occupant had vacated ten days be-
fore, a dead baby was found. The child had
evidently been taken sick, and after its death
the poor mother knew not what to do with it,
and being too poor to bury it, hid it away and
left the scene to avoid trouble.
The anxiety through which many a hard-
working and loving mother has to pass in car-
ing for her loving ones when poverty and star-
vation face them, as well as the trying heat of
summer, baffles description. In one instance an
honest, hard-working woman, who, alas! was in
abject poverty through lack of work, was found
with her little family of children absolutely
starving. Her poor, bare little room was clean,
and the children were as tidy as she could
make them. The babe in her arms was sucking
voraciously at its bottle, but in the bottle was
only cold water. This is in the hot season of
the year, when more fortunate mothers have
so carefully to watch that their little ones have
only the most suitable of food ! 1 have seen
the little ones picking the damaged, rotten fruit
out of the ash barrels and eating it with the
eagerness that spoke of gnawing hunger.
In passing, I must mention the admiration I
feel for the way in which — Straus has made
it possible for tliousands of poor little children
to have properly sterilized milk and healthy
prepared food for babies. Thousands of tickets
are given away to mothers who could not other-
wise get proper food for their little ones; and it
seems to me that this is one of the most useful
charities in New York City, and one of those
which cannot be abused as can the giving of
money or other help. I know of the good work
in the saving of little lives that has resulted
from it.
If space would allow, much more could be
said about the misery of summer. Cases of sick-
ness, the terrible temptations to drink, the sui-
cides and crimes — but perhaps it is better to
leave them untold.
There are many means set on foot for helping
the poor in their sufferings: "'fresh air funds,"
ice distribution (but, sad to say! many have
THE FRIEND.
21
othing for the ice to keep cool), free baths,
-All very good and helpful in their way,
ut, alas! they are only palliations, not cures.
hey can bring a breath of fresh air, a drop of
jolness, to the stifling sufferers, but after it
leir misery closes in upon them again.
O, for more loving, Christ-inspired hearts, to
use the fallen, to point the straying ones into
16 straight path, and to save the degraded
DCS from their misery ! In so many cases, the
Dot of all trouble is sin and drunkenness, and
the heart was changed and God's power
ame into the life, a new ambition would help
ito a newer, better, happier life. — The Presby-
irian.
Climate of Formosa.
Keeping in view the dampness of Formosa
^ nd the powerful influence of the broiling tropi-
1* al sun, it will be ea.sily understood that growth
very rapid. Scarcely a barren spot is to be
en. The rocks are clad in moss and festooned
'ith vines. The very trees in their wild state
re covered with creepers. But if growth is
apid, so is decay, and hence man's deadliest
)e, malarial fever. This is the blackest cloud
hat hangs longest over our beautiful island.
Jecause of it, disease and death work terrible
avoc among the inhabitants. Almost every
Drm of disease is directly traced to this one
ource. Seldom do three months elapse with-
iut one or more members of every household
■ ;ieiug laid low. In the hot season, the natives
' |re suddenly attacked, and in many cases sue-
humb in a few hours. The bacteria of Asiatic
[holera and malarial fever, carried on the wind,
'weep over the country like a deathful pesti-
;ence. Sometimes the fatal effects of the cli-
nate do not appear for many months, but they
lUanifest themselves so suddenly and unexpect-
[dly that the physician has little chance to save
life. Therefore, we have often been called to
follow the beloved members of our little com-
||nunity to the grassy resting-place out on the
[lill.
My first attack of fever was exactly one year
ifter my arrival on the island. I had been on
!in extended tour with Captain Bax, of her
majesty's man-of-war. We penetrated far into
he mountains, and were for a considerable time
n savage territory. Bax, although strong and
'lealthy when we set out, had to be carried back
n a sedan-chair. On returning to Tamsui, I
bund my rooms chilly, damp and mouldy.
While I was absent the place was not occupied,
and when I returned and lay down to sleep, I
became cold as ice, shook and trembled like an
aspen leaf, my teeth chattering so loudly that
A Hoa heard it in an outer apartment. He
;eame to my relief, and remained at my bedside
the whole night. As there was no fire-place in
the building, it was impossible to get warmed.
Heavy doses of quinine broke the fever, but my
Isystera was not free from it for years. Many
[times, on trips among churches and in the
imountains, have the mats under me been wet
jWJth perspiration during the hot stage of the
[disease. Personal experience has convinced me
that but few foreigners can resist the enervating
influence of the climate in Formosa.
" I don't ever go fishing any more," said a
small country boy.
" Why not?" asked the visitor. " Tired of it ?"
" No ; but I was casting a fly on the pond one
day, and the hook caught me in the back, and
it hurt, so I've been sort of too sorry for the fish
ever since."— ifar^jer's Young People.
GRANDMOTHER'S SERMON.
The Slipper is over, the hearth is swept,
Ami in the wood tire's glow
The children cluster to hear a tale
Of that time so long ago
When grandmamma's hair was golden hrown,
And the warm blood came and went
O'er the face that could scarce have been swseter Ihei
Than now in its rich content.
The face is wrinkled and careworn now,
And the golden hair is gray ;
But the light that shone in the young girl's eyes
Has never gone away.
And her needles catch the fire's light,
As in and out they go.
With the clicking music that grandma loves
Shaping the stocking toe.
And the waiting children love it too,
For they know the stocking song
Brings many a tale's to grandma's mind
Which they shall hear ere long.
But it brings no story of olden time
To grandma's heart tonight —
Only a sermon, quaint and short,
Is sung by the needles bright.
'Life is a stocking," grandma says.
And yours is just begun ;
But 1 am knitting the toe of mine,
And my work is almost done.
' With merry hearts we begin to knit.
And the ribbing is almost play :
Some are gay-colored and some are white,
And some are ashen gray.
' But most are made of many a hue,
With many a stitch set wrong,
And many a row to be sadly ripped
Ere the whole is fair and strong.
'There are long plain spaces without a break,
That in youlh are hard to bear.
And many a weary tear is dropped
As we fashion the heel with care.
' But the saddest, happiest time is that
We court and yet would shun.
When our Heavenly Father breaks the thread
And says that our work is done."
The children come to say good night,
With tears in their bright young eyes,
While in grandma's lap, with a broken thread,
The tinished stocking lies.
— Friends' Intelligencer and Journal.
For "The Friend.'
KING ALFRED'S LIGHT.
When Alfred was the people's king,
And reigned o'er England's soil
A taper was made by his command.
Of three equal parts its coil.
It burned brightly day and night.
Blessed of Gcd was its holy oil —
One-third marked rest, one-third for prayers,
And the other third for toil.
That good king died and the Norman heel
Was stamped into England's soil.
Then rest was short and prayers were few,
And lengthened the hours of toil.
And the people became instead of lords
The serfs on their native soil.
Which they ever will be until they see
King Alfred's light for toil.
Irene Ackerman.
If it is thy pleasure to make use of me to
forward thy work among men, I yield myself
to thee. Without thinking of myself, I will
simply impart to them those gifts which Thou
hast showered upon me. . . . If, on the con-
trary. Thou dost not choose to make use of me
for others, I will not offer myself I will not go
to seek anything. I will perform in peace the
other things to which Thou shalt limit me. —
Fenelon.
The Moses of Her People.
HARRIET tubman's WONDEKFUL, HALF-FORGOTTEK
CAREER — THE OREATEST SINGLE BATTLE
OF HER ADVENTUROUS LIFE.
On the outskirts of the city of Auburn, N. Y.,
stands a small frame cottage, which has recently
become the " Harriet Tubman Home for Aged
Colored People." In its title the unpretending
building perpetuates the name of one who has
been called " the Moses of her people." It will
be a lasting monument to one of the most noble
and wonderful figures in the history of slavery's
decline and fall.
Harriet is now eighty years old. She is very
black and of unattractive appearance, since her
face is of the lowest type of humanity, showing
no evidence of intelligence or power.
It was when she was thirteen years old that
the child first showed a trace of the sjiirit which
characterized her after-life. Her master, en-
raged at a negro who had shirked a task, was
chasing him with a club, when the girl delib-
erately charged upon the white man, checking
him by the shock of her rush until the fugitive
escaped into negro quarters. The master, in a
fit of rage, picked up an iron weight and threw
it at Harriet, crushing in her skull. As a re-
sult of this injury, she has all through life been
subject to fits of somnolency, during which she
has previsions, some of which have come true in
the most remarkable and inexplicable manner.
Possibly, too, it may have been this injury to
her brain that gave her a certain sublimation of
cunning, amounting at times to the cleverest
strategy, which would appear abnormal in one
of her race.
For a long time after this she was accounted
halfwitted. Finally she was farmed out to a
woman who beat her so cruelly that the marks
of the lash are still on her neck and shoulders,
and finally sent her back as " not worth a six-
pence."
Her next employment gave her the wonder-
ful physical strength which stood her in such
good stead in her eventful career, for she be-
came the property of a man who set her to lift-
ing heavy barrels and drawing weights. Before
she was nineteen years old, Harriet was a match
physically for the strongest man on the planta-
tion, and her master became quite proud of her,
exhibiting her extraordinary feats of strength
to visitors as one of the sightsof the place. How-
ever, whether from overwork or the trouble
with her head, she fell ill, and for months was
bed-ridden, during which time her thoughts
turned to religion, and she became a devoted
" follower of the Lamb," as she always phrased
it. Meantim« her master had died. A word was
abroad among the slaves :
" We'se goin' to be sold to de Souf."
" Not me," said Harriet, " I'll never go alive."
The spirit of her fierce aneestore was stirring
within her. Then and there she resolved that
she belonged to herself and her God, that she
would be free or die in struggling for freedom.
Two of her brothers felt as she did, but she was
the leader. One night Harriet went through
the negro quarters singing a song of " de prom-
ised land," a song of farewell and of freedom.
" She's goin' to-night," said the other slaves,
but they dared not go with her.
Only her two brothers dared that much, and
after the start their determination gave way.
Bidding her farewell, they turned and slunk
back to their bondage. Alone, friendless, money-
less, with an unknown country before her and
the North Star for her guidej she set out. Of
22
THE FRIEND.
this journey, as of all other trips over the coun
try, Harriet remembers few details. Only her
purpose was firm in her mind.
Harriet went north, hiding by day, ploddin
toward the Promised Land by night, picking
out with unerring instinct the right places to
go for food and shelter, until at last she
beyond the line, and stretching out her two
mighty arms, she said to them :
" You're mine now, and you'll work for me
and for nobody else."
But this was not true. From that time on
Harriet's body and soul were wrapped up in
the struggle of helping her fellow negroes.
She obtained employment in the North, and
lived on nothing, hoarding every cent that she
earned. One night she mysteriously disappeared
from her home, and was not seen for months.
That time was spent on the first of her expedi-
tions to the South, where she planned and led
an exodus of her people to the land of freedom.
Before long, throughout the plantations of
Virginia were spread offers of reward for a ne-
gro woman who was luring the slaves away
from their masters. Forty thousand dollars
was the reward offered for her head, yet with
such a price upon her, she was never captured.
No fewer than nineteen times did she make
expeditions, bringing away to the North more
than three hundred pieces of living property.
In time she came to know her path well.
Some dark night word would go about the
negro quarters of a plantation that the Moses
was waiting for them. Then would come a ren-
dezvous in a swamp or woodland, where two or
three of the more intelligent negroes would be
entrusted with the outline of Harriet's plan. At
the appointed time the little band of fugitives
would meet and Harriet would pilot them away.
Not only was she a leader, but also a commander
of an army in the field, and of her discipline
she would brook no infractions. The women
she exhorted, the men she commanded, and
more than once she carried in baskets slung
over her own back babies drugged with pare-
goric, lest they should cry out and betray the
band.
Once, while arranging for an expedition from
the plantation of one of her old masters, Har-
riet had a narrow escape from recapture. With
incomprehensible daring she went to the near-
by village to buy some fowls, with no other dis-
guise than the pretence of a decrepit old woman.
On turning a corner she saw her old master
coming toward her, and, with ready ingenuity,
pulled the strings which tied the legs of the live
chickens she had just bought. Oif they flew,
with Harriet in hot pursuit, and by the time
her master came up she was away around the
corner. Often Harriet has travelled in a car
and has heard the advertisement setting a price
on her head read by her fellow-passengers. She
could not read herself
Another time, on her eighth excursion, she
found that a guard of officers were waiting for
her and her little baml at the bridge which
crosses the river at Wilmington, Del. Word
was sent to that staunch friend of the slaves,
Thomas Garrett, and Harriet distributed her
followers in the houses of persons whom she
knew to be safe. Garrett sent across the bridge
two wagons filled with bricklayers, whom he
knew he could trust. When the wagons re-
turned at nightfall, the bricklayers were sing-
ing and shouting, apparently in the hilarity of
extreme intoxication. But lying trembling in
the bottom of their wagons were H:irriet's little
band. All got over safe, among them a famous
slave, Joe, whose master offered $2,000 reward
for him. Lster, this same man Garrett was
fined so heavily for assisting in the escape of
fugitive slaves that he was left penniless at the
age of sixty years. In pronouncing sentence the
Judge of the United States Court said :
"Garrett, let this be a lesson to you not to
interfere hereafter with the cause of justice by
helping runaway negroes."
" Judge," replied the old Quaker, " thee
hasn't left me a dollar ; but I wish to say to
thee that if any one knows of a fugitive who
wants a shelter and a friend, send him to
Thomas Garrett."
All the stations of the famous underground
railway were well known to Harriet, and all
those who were friendly to fugitive slaves came
to know and trust her as her work progressed.
The Fugitive Slave Law of 1850, providing for
the return of slaves from the Northern States,
was a great blow to Harriet.
"After dat," she said, " I wouldn't trust Uncle
Sam wid my people no longer, but I brought
'em all cl'ar off to Canada."
Her last expedition to the South was in 1860.
When the abolition movement became active,
Harriet naturally went into it heart and soul.
Wherever she could get to a meeting she went,
and her presence was an inspiration to enthu-
siasm. It was in the spring of 1860, while she
was on her way to Boston to attend a large
anti-slavery meeting at the request of Gerrit
Smith, that she fought the greatest single battle
of her life. She had stopped to visit a cousin in
Troy, and while there learned that a fugitive
slave named Charles Nalle had been followed
by his master, who was also his younger brother,
and no whiter than the slave himself, and that
he was already in the hands of the officers, hav-
ing been remanded back to Virginia. No sooner
had Harriet heard the news, than she started
for the office of the United States Commissioner,
scattering the tidings as she went. Drawn by
her power as a leader and the air of command
with which she bade them follow her, a large
crowd went after her to the office. A wagon was
waiting before the door to carry off the man,
but so great was the excitement in the street
that the officers did not dare to bring him down.
Harriet had forced her way to the room, and
stood where the colored people outside could
see her.
At length, as time went on and nothing was
done, Harriet went down the street and sent out
some little boys to cry fire. The alarm spread,
the bells were rung and the street was blocked,
which was just what she had intended. She
herself stood at the foot of the stairs, in the at-
titude of a decrepid old woman, which she
could assume with admirable verisimilitude.
Again and again the officers cleared the stairs.
The old woman kept her place despite them.
Offers for the purchase of Nalle began to come
from the crowd, and the master agreed to accept
twelve hundred dollars for him, but, this being
offered, raised the price to fifteen hundred dol-
lars. A gentleman across the street raised a
window and called out, " Two hundred dollars
for his rescue, but not one cent to his master."
This fired the crowd to a point where they
were ready for anything. Common sense should
have prevented the officers from bringing down
their captive at this time, but they attempted
it, having manacled his wrists and placed him
between the United States Marshal, another of-
ficer, and his master, with severe! more officers
as guard. A lane to the wagon had previously
been cleared. The moment Harriet saw him
step on the sidewalk, she threw off her disguia
and shouted:
" Here he comes ! Take him I"
Then springing upon the first officer, sh-
pulled him down. In the fight that followed
her enormous physical strength was what woi
the day. Breaking through the line, she seizec
the prisoner under the armpits, and despite th(
resistance of the officers, began to drag hin
down the street.
" Drag us out !" she shouted to her friends.
"Drag him to the river ! Drown him, bui
don't let them have him !"
A policeman struck her over the head witl
his club, and freeing one hand, she sent him stag
gering back into the crowd. Another jumpec
for her, but she caught him around the neck
throttled him and threw him over her shoulder
Finally she was dragged down, but still kepi
her grip upon the slave. The crowd massed
around and pushed them to the river, when
she tore the man away from the officers by mait
strength and then threw him into a boat, whicll
speedily put out, she following in a ferryboat.
On the other side, he was taken and hurried
to a house near by. Some men were storming
the place when Harriet came up, and two ol J
them, who had been shot, were lying on th('|
stairs. She rushed up the staircase, followed bj^j
several men, burst in the door, knocked down I
the first officer who attacked her, threw an,
other through the window, caught up Nalle]
threw him over her shoulder, as she had many,;
times thrown a flour-barrel in the days of hen.
slavery, and carried him down stairs. A gen-
tleman, who was driving a fast horse past, pulled
up and asked what the disturbance was. With,
her marvelous instinct for discerning friends,
Harriet appealed to him, crying out that the;
man was a slave, and would be taken back to
slavery unless he could get away. Instantly the;
man jumped out of his carriage.
" This is a blood horse," said he. " Drive himi'
till he drops." :
With a cry of thanks, Harriet lifted Nalle I
into the buggy. He was driven to Schenectady
and subsequently made his way to Canada.
When ttie war broke out a new field openedlj
before her. At this time she had settled in Au-i
burn, and was making that city her headquar- j
ters when she was not on some expedition to
the slave countries. Governor Andrew, of Mas-
sachusetts, knowing Harriet of old, sent to her
to ask if she would be ready to give any required
service as spy or scout to the Union army. Af-
ter seeing that her dependants in Auburn would'
be taken care of, she was ready to go to the
South. Of her war record in detail little isv
known. Sarah H. Bradford, who has writteai
Harriet's history, published under the title,
" Harriet, the Moses of Her People," writes oft
her army career.
She was often under fire from both armies.
She led our forces through the jungle and swamp.
She gained the confidence of the slaves by her
cheery words and songs, and obtained from them
much valuable information. When our army
and gunboats first appeared, many of the poor
negroes were as much afraid of the Yankees as
of their own masters. It was almost impossible
to win their confidence, but to Harriet they
would tell anything, and so it became quite
'niportant that she should accompany the ex-
pedition going up the rivers or into other un-
plored parts of the country. Wherever she
came the negroes hailed her as the prophetess
of the "Good time coming." — Christian Oyno-
THE FRIEND.
23
An Indignation Meeting of Birds.
Much has been said on reasoning by animals,
f the fact there can be no doubt, of its nature
0 little is known. But I think less still is
aowu of the emotions of animals. Take an
fectionate dog — how he suffers from jealousy !
ur little Prince was completely miserable if
is mistress took the neighbor's baby on her lap.
Several times I have been eye-witness to
notions of a high order among birds— namely,
'mpathy with other birds in distress.
When a college student I was taken very ill
1 ray sophomore year, and gaining strength
lit slowly, the doctor ordered me into the
juntry.
: I boarded at a farm-house, and gave myself
itirely up to the woods and fields.
Through an entire summer I studied lovingly
ie ways of the birds, and determined to raise
ime young thrushes and take them with me to
ly city home in the fall.
My selection was a nest of brown thrushes.
i was in a thick mass of bushes in a swamp —
a entanglement of wild growth, and almost
bpenetrable.
I Every day I watched, from the eggs to the
allow young. I resolved to allow the old birds
|N-o weeks, then I would assume the raising of
'16 young ones.
I At last the day came, and all my prepara-
ons were made. Taking with me a cage, I
lorked my way through the dense undergrowth,
fery carefully I removed the nest, and was try-
tig to get it into the cage, when the female bird
rrived. 8he uttered a cry, almost a shriek, and
|isappeared, but returned immediately with her
iiate.
I The two birds made a wild effort to drive me
[way, even flying at me, with every demonstra-
lon of rage and distress. Then, to my surprise,
!iey both left.
I now felt so mean that I at once set about
jutting the nest back in the bush, but it gave
lie a good deal of trouble, as I could not make
f; stay in its place.
' What now ? The two old birds were back,
ceompanied by a whole bevy of wild birds.
^he entire coppice was alive with them. They
eemed bent on picking my eyes out. I had to
=creen my face by holding the cage before it.
' As to these birds — their number and variety
nd conduct — all together, it was an extraordi-
lary scene. It seemed to nie there were at least
ifty of these indignant little bodies, and per-
laps a dozen species, some flying at me, and all
Qaking angry demonstrations.
There were brown thrushes, song thrushes,
lat-birds and several of the warblers. Such an
jiproar — mewing, shrieking, twittering and other
■.ries, a babel of bird-songs ! It all meant dis-
ress and rage. But such a mix-up ! All talked
it once. The one key-note of the discord was
listress and indignation.
I got out of that swamp a wiser and better
'outh. My conscience smote me, and my only
olace lay in the thought that I had done my
)est to undo the mischief I had wrought.
The next morning I again went to the swamp
0 see how matters stood. How softly I worked
ny way through the bushes! How deathly still
everything was ! The young birds had gone. I
lid so want to know how the old birds had
managed matters, and how it fared with the
ittle ones.
That indignation meeting of the birds occur-
red a great many years ago, but the scene is
itill vivid to my mind.
One winter, just after a snow-storm, a bevy
of snow-birds appeared near my house. I fed
them crumbs, and they stayed with us several
days. They got a little bold, even coming up
to the kitchen steps to get their rations. There
was, however, one exception.
A fence separated the old apple orchard from
the house-hit, and I observed that one l)ir(i kept
on the fence-rail, never venturing nearer to the
feeding-place. To my surprise and delight, the
reason of it was soon made plain.
The poor little fellow was lame of one wing,
so he must not be too bold, as in the event of
danger he must have some vantage for escape.
So an old bird took him feeding-crumbs at every
feeding-time.
But the most remarkable act in my knowledge
of a bird in sympathy with another in distress,
was performed by a robin not two hundred
yards fnjm my house. It was a deed of daring,
and in the highest degree heroic.
A sparrow-hawk had pounced on a sparrow
in the street, and was bearing it away. A robin,
from his maple-tree, witnessed the act, and in-
stantly started in pursuit.
High in the air, the noble little fellow caught
up with the buccaneer, and one could hear the
short, jerky cries of the hawk, as the robin was
" Pegging in" and making the feathers fly.
The hawk dropped his prey, and the robin
returned to the maple-tree, where he had lefl
his mate. The sparrow made the best of time
to get back to his kind, — Samuel Lochcood in
our Dumb Animals.
Tnr, PowicR of Sixceuity. — It is related
that when Joseph Hume, the infidel, was taxed
with inconsistency on going to listen to John
Brown, the godly Scotcli minister of Hadding-
ton, he replied, " I don't believe all he says, but
he does, and once a week I like to hear a man
who believes 7vhal he says. Why, whatever I
think, that man preaches as though he thought
the Lord Jesus Christ were at his elbow."
THE FRIEND.
EIGHTH MONTH 8, 1896.
Feathers in Ladies' Hats. — Professor
William Henry Flower, of the Natural History
Museum, is such a high authority, that his re-
cent letter to the Times must carry great weight.
He says :
"The lovely, delicate plumes of the small
white herons or egrets can only be procured by
the destruction of the birds during the season
in which they have their nests and young, as
then only do these feathers develop. In the
trade, for some unknown reason, they are called
' osprey,' though the real bird of that name, a
kind of fishing-hawk, produces no ornamenta'
plumes. Notwithstanding all that has been said,
the garden-party season now beginning shows
that the fashion is as prevalent as ever. I have
recently noticed many of the gentlest and most
kind-hearted among my lady friends, including
some who are members of the Society fijr the
Protection of Birds, and who, I am sure, would
never knowingly do any injury to any living
creature, adorned with these very plumes. Why
is this? Simply because, in order to keep up
their trade and dispose of their stock, the pur-
veyors of female raiment, to salve the con-
sciences of their customers, have invented and
widely propagated a monstrous fiction, and are
everywhere selling the real feathers warranted
as artificial. Within the last few days I have
examined numbers of plumes, the wearers of
which were priding themselves on their human-
ity, relying upon the assurance of the milliner
that they were not real egret's feathers, but
manufactured. In every case it did not take a
very close scrutiny to ascertain that they were
unquestionably genuine. The only ' manufac-
ture' consisted in cutting the plume in two, and
fixing the upper and lower half side by side, so
that a single feather does duty for two in the
' brush.' Thus one of the most beautiful of birds
is being swept oft' the face of the earth, under
circumstances of peculiar cruelty, to minister to
a passing fashion, bolstered up by a glaring
falsehood." — London Friend.
A correspondent calls our attention to a com-
munication inserted in The British Friend, \\\\\ch.
states or implies that true Friends have latterly
found the condition of the meetings of London
Yearly Meeting so uncomfortable that they
have tacitly consented to remain absent; thus
preventing the Yearly Meeting from being truly
representative of the condition of the Body.
Our correspondent, who is a member of a
Yearly Meeting on this continent, in which a
separation has taken place, adds, " That is, I
fear, a mistake on their part. We have seen
too late where our Friends erred : First, When
unsound doctrines were broached, those pro-
mulgating them should at once have been
stopped. Judgment should have been placed
on the offenders. It is false charity to spare
the wolf, and not to pity the sheep who are
worried.
Secondly. — When through remissness on the
part of the elders in not fulfilling this duty,
the wrong part appears to get control of the
meeting, Friends should be all the more dili-
gent in attending all their meetings, not only
for worship, but for discipline. I firmly be-
lieve, that if Friends firmly put shoulder to
shoulder, abiding in the patience, meekness and
power of Christ, they would outweary their ad-
versaries, and a way of escape would be opened.
A patient labor and travail of soul, with strong
crying and prayer to God, who has all power,
is what is called for ; nor could I ever see that
forsaking this post of suffering, and allowing
that rampant spirit to have all its own way,
proved conducive to the welfare of the body."
Amid the many discouraging symptoms which
aflfect the love of religion, it is somewhat cheer-
ing to meet at times with those whose faith in
the overruling power and goodness of the Lord
seems fresh and lively. A recent letter from a
correspondent in a distant Yearly Meeting says :
"By faith I can see that Christ's Church shall
yet withstand the stormy waves which so threat-
eningly strive to overwlielra it. Still I believe
there must needs be on the part of those who
are permitted to stand firm, a digging down
deep to the rock, that each one for liimself may
know of having that sure foundation, Christ
Jesus, as that on which his faith is built. At
this time of general awaking, may we not hope
the Church of Christ, the world over, to come
more into the unity of the Spirit as one body,
with one life.
INIay we then, dear Friends, be watchful and
diligent, that through Grace Divine we may do
our part faithfully and well, and leave the rest
to Hira, who overruleth all things to his glory,
his arm of mercy yet wields omnipotence, and
is yet stretched out to save all the poor of men
who put their trust in Him."
24
THE FRIEND.
SUMMARY OF EVENTS.
United States.— Tlie President has issued a proc-
lamation warning all persons against violations of the
neutrality laws. Recent Supreme Court interpreta-
tions are rehearsed ; the law to be vigorously enforced,
and the cooperation of all good citizens is invoked.
The United States Treasury debt statement shows a
net increase in the public debt, less cash in the Treas-
ury, during Seventh Month, of $10,857,258. Total
cash in the Treasury, ?851,863,747.
The official Treasury statement shows that the re-
ceipts of the Government for Seventh Month were
$29,069,697, and the expenditures were $42,0SS,-168,
deficit for the month of $13,018,871.
The United States Treasury gold reserve at the
close of business on the 3d instant stood at $110,085,-
890. The day's withdrawals were $485,100.
A severe storm struck St. Anthony, Iowa, on the
night of the 27th ult., and nearly every building in
town is wrecked or badly damaged. Columbus, Ohio,
was visited by heary wind and rain on the next night,
and several buildings were unroofed.
Cities and towns in the Indiana gas belt have been
inundated as a result of the successive cloudbursts oc-
curring there, and the situation is said to be serious.
At Anderson, three men were killed by lightning.
Johnstown, a suburb of Anderson, was almost washed
away during the afternoon, and a number of dikes at
other places burst.
The Fox River levee, west of Alexandria, Missouri,
has broken in twodiSerent places, and the water from
that stream has inundated 5,000 acres of farming land.
Many families living in the flooded district have been
compelled to move to the uplands for safety.
Excessive rains and high temperature are reported
throughout the country the early part of last week.
Fifteen fatalities occurred at Gloster, Ohio. Flood
augmented the damage caused by the wind. A cloud-
burst occurred in Berks Co., Pa. Many deaths and
prostrations are reported in different localities.
The 30th ultimo was extremely hot in the West
and South. At St. Louis 34 persons were prostrated
the year was registered— 102 degrees in the shade.
In Carlyle, Illinois, 104 degrees was (he highest tem-
perature and two deaths resulted.
A correspondent of the Voice says: " It is a remarka-
ble fact that during the last four years of $50 Low
License in Pennsylvania, the convict population ac-
tually decreased from a total average of 1,826 in 1885,
to 1,716 in 1888. Then carae the High-License epoch
now in vogue, and instead of reducing crime and pro-
moting order as was claimed for it, crime and disorder
received a renewed stimulus. Instead of continuing
to decrease, the number of convicts at onee began in-
creasing with an appalling rapidity, jntil in 1895, in-
stead of the 1,716 convicts left by Low License there
was a grand total of 3,030 convicts confined in the
three penal institutions of the State."
On the 30th ult. the 5.40 p. m. train on the Reading
Railroad, bound down to Atlantic City, while moving
at a high rate of speed, crashed into an excursion
train on the West Jersey Railroad, at the crossing on
the " Meadows," just outside of Atlantic City, N. J.,
about half-past six o'clock. Forty-four persons were
killed or mortally injured. _ Of the killed all but two
were on the excursion train, which carried a party
from Bridgelon and Salem. It is said that the Read-
ing train had the " right of way," but that the signals
were set so as to justify the engineer of the excursion
train in moving on the crossing.
Deaths in this city last week numbered 533, which
is 26 more than the previous week, and 96 less than
the corresponding week of last year. Of the fore-
going, 196 were under one year of age; 265 were
males and 268 females: 82 died of cholera infantum;
45 of consumption ; 42 of marasmus ; 38 of inflamma-
tion of the stomach and bowels; 33 of heart disease;
20 of cancer; 16 of apoplexy; 15 of inflammation of
the brain ; 14 of pneumonia ; 12 of diphtheria ; 12 of
convulsions; 11 of nephritis; 10 of old age; 9 of bron-
chitis, and 8 from casualties.
Markets, &e. — U. S. 2's, 94J a 96 ; 4's, reg., 106 a
107; coupon, 107 a 108; new 4's, reg., 112 a 113J;
coupon, 113 a 114.J; 5's, reg., 110 a 111 ; coupon, 111
a 112; currency 6's, 100 a 10-5.
Cotton sold in a small way to spinners on a basis
of 7 J,Ve. per pound for middling uplands.
Feed.— Spot bran, $10.00 a $11..50 for winter in
bulk, and $10.00 a $10.-50 per ton for spring in sacks.
Floue.— Winter super, $1.90 a $2.15; do., extras,
$2.15 a $2.30 ; Pennsylvania roller, clear, $2.75 a $3.00 ;
do., do., straight, $3.00 a $3.25 ; Western winter, clear,
$2.75 a $3.00; do., do., straight, $3.00 a $3.25; do.,
do., patent, $3.35 a $3..55 ; spring, clear, $2.50 a $2.75 ;
do., straight, $3.15 a $3.30 ; do., patent, $3.40 a $3.75 ;
do., favorite brands, higher. City mills, extra, $2.00
a $2.25 ; do., clear, $2.85 a $3.10 ; do., straight, $3.20
a $3.40 ; do., patent, $3.50 a $3.80. Rye Flour was
quiet and quoted at $2.40 per bbl. for choice Penu'a.
Gr.^in. — No. 2 red wheat, 62 a 62.1c.
No. 2 mixed corn, 29i a 30Jc.
No. 2 white oats, 23i a 24Jc.
Beep Cattle. — Extra, 4| a 4J ; good, 4| a 4.}c.;
medium, 4J a 4^c.; common, 3f a 4c. Dressed beeves
were higher, at 5 a 7|c.
Sheep and Lambs. — Extra, 4c.; good, 3^ a 3Jc.;
medium, 3 a 3Jc.; common, 22- a 2|c.; culls, IJ a 2|c.;
lambs, 3 a 6c.
Hogs. — 5 J a 5.}c. for Western, the only grades in.
Foreign. — Dr. Jameson and the other Transvaal
raiders were convicted in London on Seventh Month
28th. Jameson was sentenced to fifteen months' im-
prisonment, and the others to from ten to three months'
imprisonment each.
On the 29lh ult. the Irish Land Bill was passed by
the British House of Commons, and on the 30th went
to the Lords.
A powder magazine at Funfkirchen, in Hungary,
exploded last week. More than one hundred persons
were injured, many fatally, and the town hall and a
number of other buildings were demolished.
Nineteen persons, two of them women, have been
convicted and sentenced to death at Agram, Hungary,
for organized brigandage and murder.
An imperial ukase issued by the Czar declares that
the Moscow authorities are answerable for the disaster
on the Hodynsky Plain.
Advices received at Washington from the Marine
Hospital at Alexandria, Egypt, show that the cholera
outbreak there has got beyond the control of the sani-
tary authorities. In one week there were 1,700 deaths,
and since the beginning of the epidemic until Seventh
Month 11th there were 8,069 deaths.
Floods at Bombay, India, have completely cut off
that city from communication, except by telegraph,
with the surrounding country.
The German gunboat litis was lost in a typhoon on
the 23rd of last month, ofl^ the Shan Tung promon-
tory, China, and seventy-five of her officers and crew
perished. Only ten or eleven of the crew were saved.
A cablegram from Shanghai, dated the 1st instant,
says: "The recent disastrous tidal wave along the
coast of Northern Japan has been paralleled by a
similar phenomenon on the coast of Haichau, north-
east of the Province of Kiangsu, in which Shanghai is
situated. The news of the disaster did not reach here
until to-day, owing to the lack of facilities for com-
munication with the part of the country devastated.
On July 26th there Suddenly appeared in the Yellow
Sea a huge bank of water that was rushing shoreward
with terrific velocity. The water ofl'the coast is shal-
low, and when the wave was some distance away, it
began to comb, and the roaring could be heard for a
great distance. From the stories of eye-witnesses and
the reports of people in the country back from the
coast, the wave was five miles wide. Thousands of
tons of water were thrown fur miles inland, and every-
thing in its path was swept away. Many villages
were entirely destroyed, and it is estimated that fully
4,000 people perished. All the cattle were drowned,
and the rice-fields were obliterated. It is expected
that the survivors will meet with a worse fate than
death by drowning, for with the destruction of rice-
fields famine will stare them in the face in the au-
tumn."
The reader may have been struck with the promi-
nent array of appalling deaths, casualties, disasters
and crimes in the above record. This ought to awaken
feelings of serious thoughtfulness in our minds, and
the hearts of many should be turned to the Supreme
Ruler of the Universe in earnest ple:idings for his
mercy to poor, fallible, ungrateful man.
HECEIPTS.
Unless otherwise specified, two dollars has been re-
ceived from each person, paying for voi. 70.
Mary Ann Wiggins, Pa., and for Mary J. White, N.
C; Henry Haines, Phila., and for N. R. Haines, Pa.,
and Hattie L. Deacon, Ky.; Stephen W. Post and
Henry R. Post, N. Y.; Mary J. Foster, R. I.; Barclay
R. Leeds, Phila., and for Daniel L. Leeds, Tenn.,
Amelia Leeds, Va., and William H. Leeds, Ore.;'
Eliza Yeates, Pa.; Richard Mott, Agent, la., $12, for
Joseph Dewees, Caleb Engle, J. Hampton and D.
Mott, J. W. Mott, James Mott and William P.Young;
James F. Reid, Pa.; Amelia Smith, O.; Pliny Greg-
ory, Cal.; Hannah Twitchell, O.; Henry Trimble, Pa.;
Josiah W. Cloud, N. J.; Charles M. Cooper, N. J
Lydia T. King, Pa., and for Thomas Evans, Pa., Joi
E. Miekle, Phila., and William Mickle, Pa.; John S
Fowler, Agent, Pa., $100, for Deborah G. Brintot
Edward Brinton, Gilbert Cope, Abiah Cope, Charle
S. Carter, Jane M. Eklridge, T. C. Eldridge, Albert I
Entrikin, Lydia Embree, Truman Forsythe, Jan
Gibbons, Sarah C. Glover, E. Malin Hoopes, Ralstoi
R. Hoopes, Edward H. Hall, Lavina R. Hannum
Thos. C. Hogue, Susan Hibberd, Ruthanna Honpeu
Ruth P. Johnson, Esther H. Mendenhall, Martha C
Roberts, Elizabeth L. Roberts, Mary Ann C. Scatter
good, Martha Sankey, D. J. Scott, Deborah C. Smed
ley, Susanna F. Sharpies?, Thomas Sharpless, Willian
T. Sharpless, M. D., Thos. F. Scattergood, Anna M
Woodward, Debbie C. Spackman, Mary E. Forsyth*
Ellen McLaughlin, Martha Price, Thos. B. Tayloi
Mary Ann Taylor, William P. Townsend, Thoma
Thorp, Del., Edward Savery, Martha L. Scott, Pheb
J. Walter, Hannah Webb, Charles L. Warner, Wil
liam F. Warner, Charles Warner, Mo., Jos. E. Meven
la., Deborah J. Windleand Philena S. Yarnall ; Wil
liam Archut, Phila.; Hugh Fouike, Phila., and fo
Susan Y. Fouike, Pa.; Joseph H. Branson, Phila.; So
san J. Yerkes, Fkd.; Sabina Hancock, Pa.; Thoma
Dunn, La.; Rebecca E. Buzby, N. J.; Tabitha .4nni
Briggs, O.; Jacob R. Elfrelh, Pa.; Davis H. Forsvthe
for Lewis Forsythe, Pa.; Sarah A. Gilbert, Pa. ,"§10
for herself, Eliza G. Cope, Albert M. Cope, Dilloi
Gibbons and Ann Case; Milton Stanley, Agent, Ind,
$7, for Joel Newlin, Albert Maxwell, Joel D. Carter
and $1 for Rachel Carter, to No. 26, vol. 70 ; Hugl
D. Vail, Cal.; Josiah Wistar, N. J., and for Susai
Denn, 111., and Priscilla M. Lippincott, Hannah H
Acton, William C. Reeve and Richard Wistar, N. J.
Ruth Anna Sharpless, Pa.; Daniel Packer, N. J., pe;
George P. Stokes ; Samuel H. Head ley. Pa.; Josepl
B. Matlack, Phila.; Comly B. Shoemaker, Pa.; Reubei
Satlerthwaite, Del.; Hannah W. South, Phila., and fo
Edward L. South and Walter South ; Hannah Yerkes
Phil ..; R. B. P. Haines, Phila.; Mary L.Warrington, N
J.; Samuel P. Nicholson, N. J.; Jesse W.Taylor, Phila.
Henry R. Woodward, N. J.; John S. Pearson, Pa.
Isaac Heacock, Pa.; Charles Lee, Pa.; Samuel L. Whit
son. Pa.; Parvin Masters, Phila.; Aaron P. Deweee
Fkd.; Ruth S. Abbott, Phila.; Theodore Hess, Pa.
and for John S. Brown, Pa., Abel McCarty, Pa., ant
Job McCarty, Pa.; Henry B. Leeds, Agent, N. J., i?16
for Elizabeth T. Engle, Henrietta Haines, Dr. Josepl
Stokes, Mary Anna Matlack, Elizabeth H. Bromley
and for Florence A. Elliott, Dr. N. Newlin Stokes anc
for Gideon Coutant, O.; Jesse Negus, Agent, la., $8
for William D. Branson, Joseph Hawley, Lydia B
Oliphant and Eliza A. Walker; David Darnell, N. J.
Joseph G. Evans, N. J.; Amy S. L. Exton, N. J., pei
Joseph C. Exton ; Sarah V. Willits, la., Abigail C
Furman, Phila.; John C. Allen, Phila., and for Johi
C. Allen, Jr., N. J., and Elizabeth L. Smedley, Pa.
Paschall Worth, Pa.; Robert Shoemaker, Phila.; J. R
Haines, Gtn.; S. G. Hollingsworth, Kan.; Stephen W
Savery, Pa.; Ezra Stokes, N. J.; Alice Tucker, Mass.
J. Arthur HoUoway, Agent, O., $26, for Asa Branson
David Branson, Joseph Bailey, Thomas Conrow, Marj
J. French, Ann B. Hoge, Sarah F. Holloway, Edwii
F. Holloway, Asa G. Holloway, Henry Stanton, Bran
son D. Sidwell, Maria Walker and Thomas Cope; H
and H. Evans, N. J.
S^" Remittances received after Third-day evening loU
not appear in the Receipts until the following week.
NOTICES.
Correction.— On last page of The Friend of lasi
week, in a correction respecting Mary Dyer, it is said
"On the gallows she was abjured by her early pastoi
to repent," &c. The word should have been adjured'
The change of a single letter, by using 6 in place of d'
alters the sense of the
Married, at Friends' Meeting-house, Fourth ant
Arch Streets, Philadelphia, on the ninth of Seventh
Month, 1896, William B. Kirkbride, of Trenton
N. J., to Elizabeth Henderson, daughter of Jamei
Henderson, of Hopkinton, R. I.
Died, suddenly, at his late residence near Darling-
ton, Maryland, on Seventh Month 20th, : " ' '
Edge, formerly of Downingtown, Pa., in his eighty-
third year; a beloved member and elder of Deei
Creek Monthly Meeting of Friends.
, at his late residence near Chester, Pa., on thf
twenty-second of Sixth Month, 1896, George Shabp-
LES-s,in the eighty seventh year of his age; a raembei
and overseer of Chester Monthly Meeting, Pa.
THE FRIEND.
A Religions and Literary Journal.
VOL. LXX.
SEVENTH-DAY, EIGHTH MONTH 15, 1896.
No. 4.
PUBLISHED WEEKLY.
Price, if paid in advance, ^'2.00 per ;
Edwin P. Sellew, Publisher,
No. 207 Walnut Place,
(S juth from Walnut Street, between Third and Fourth,)
PHILADELPHIA.
Articles designed for inso-lion to be addressed Co
JOSEPH WALTON,
MooKESTOWN, Burlington Co., N. J.
Entered as second-class matter at Ptiiliideiphia P. O.
)iary and Letters of Deborah Brooks Webb.
((Continued from page IS.)
1852. Fifth Month 16th.— Dear Hannah
Sribbons spoke to-day, (1 John, iv: 1), " Be-
oved, believe not every spirit, but try the spirits
hether they are of God ; because many false
)rophets are gone out into the world. Hereby
mow ye the Spirit of God; every spirit that
lonfesseth that Jesus Christ has come in the
is of God, and every spirit that confesseth
lot that Jesus Christ is come in the flesh is not
f God, and this is the spirit of anti-Christ,
thereof ye have heard that it should come, and
ven DOW already is it in the world." She felt
Quch desire that the faith of some might be
trengthened, also warned the halting, "My
pirit shall not always strive with man." Oh,
loly Father, turn rae, and I shall be turned.
oable me in school to be very watchful over
ny words in order to set a good example before
he children. " Righteousness exalteth a nation,
lut siu is a reproach to any people."
23d. — If any man knoweth to do the will of
jod, and doeth it not, to him it is sin. All un-
'ighteousness is sin, and again the wages of sin
8 death. I wish that these passages, which
lave been dwelling on my mind of late, would
reate the fear of my Heavenly Father in my
niud, and drive me to the obedience of the
ross. As dear Samuel Cope .said in a com-
nunication, "instead of settling down under
he cross, it became harder and harder." " Not
very one that saith unto me, Lord, Lord, shall
:;nter the kingdom of heaven, but he that doeth
he will of my Father which is in heaven."
30th. — First-day. Surely God is merciful to
ne, visiting me often. He has been stretching
)ut his hand of mercy for years, calling me to
)e his. May I not be cast off' at last. Dear
tfary Kite was at our meeting to-day, and after
mcouraging other feeble ones, addressed the
l/oung. May I submit that I may be washed,
' hat I may indeed have a part with Him. Of
ate I have been reading Thomas Shillitoe. I
lad t(i read it with tears, it seemed so full of
rue life, I love to read it. How good it is for
ne to be here, with friend Jefferis and Ann,
iVho rather strengthen me in my feelings, than
ieride or treat me ill. May I be thankful for
his (lay's favors.
Sixth Month 2nd.— This was Monthly Meet-
ng day, and in it I did dfsire that He who had
power to cast seven devils out of Mary Magda-
lene, would cast the wickedness out of me, and
make rae willing to submit to the yoke of Christ.
I believe my prayer was heard, for I do feel a
greater willingness, but fear that I shall not per-
severe. Dear Hannah Gibbons spoke : " When
I sent you forth without purse or scrip, lacked
ye anything? and they said, nothing." Eleazer
was to have the garments of his father Aaron.
Oh, that " thy word might be a lamp to my feet,
and a light unto my path." Here am L After-
wards spoke " Ye have not chosen me, but
I have chosen you and ordained you that ye
should go and bring forth fruit." How thank-
ful I ought to be that He in mercy visits me,
instead of casting me off in my sins. May I be
faithful. Dear Mary Kite was so kind as to
speak to me after meeting. She opened a con-
cern in the meeting to visit the families of Bir-
mingham Preparative Meeting, and Martha
Jefferis offering to accompany her, their pro-
posal was united with, and they set at liberty.
Sixth Month 6th. — In meeting I tried to be
humble. spoke upon the attendance of
meetings. " We cannot add anything to God,
fur He is perfect, but it is our duty to present
ourselves to Him and to acknowledge our thank-
fulness for his preservation of us." I must try
to be nothing.
7th. — Oh Lord, thou who hast been the Au-
thor, be also the Finisher of my salvation, and
enable me to be faithful in following thy voice.
Teach me to distinguish it from my own will.
20th. —I thought the meeting would have been
silent to-day, but just before its close arose,
mentioning, that many were careful to find out
their ancestry, and to secure and establish every
fact concernini,' it, that they may not be deprived
of their inheritance, desiring that some might be
as careful to know that they have an inheritance
in heaven, having a right to enter the blessed
place prepared for the obedient, and further,
" f^vith without works is dead." " Show me thy
faith without thy works, and I will show thee
ray faith by my works." Warning some to " ex-
amine your ownselves, prove your owuselves,
whether ye be in the faith, yea or nay." I
could but at once conclude that my faith was
dead, consequently that I had none, for I do
not work the works that seem required. Oh,
Holy Father, my heart is very stubborn and
hard. Help is in thy power. Put away my
stony heart, and give me one that will love and
serve thee. Last week I thought I would serve
thee, but did not. Help me. Heavenly Father,
a poor, wicked creature, that I may obey and
have faith and receive the end of faith, even
the salvation of my soul. How thankful I
ought to be for this day's visitation to one so
wicked.
27th. — Dear Heavenly Father, take the gov-
ernment of myself into thy holy hands. Be
pleased not to take away thy mercy. Turn thy
hand upon me again and again, " till thou take
away my rebellious spirit," purge away the
dross, the tin and the reprobate silver. Reduce
me to nothing ; it is only thou that can do it.
Seventh Month 11th. — May the L(jrd be with
me and grant a breaking up of my hard heart.
Forsake rae not.
On Fifth-day dear Hannah Gibbons spoke,
"But I am a worm and no man," holding out
encouragement for some under such a dispen-
sation. 1 wonder if I may take some of the
encouragement, or shall I cover my.self with a
covering not of the Lord's spirit; and to-day
" Mark the perfect man and behold the up-
right, for the end of that man is peace." I be-
lieve I am stifling convictions again. May I
be broken, so as to give up the whole heart.
Here is a beautiful piece of poetry in The
Friend, so descriptive of what I wish for my
state.
Not as I Will but as Thou Wilt.
Saviour ! to tliee I bring
A bruised bosom for thy healing baira ;
1 fain would ask for thy all-conquering word,
To make my tossed heart calm.
Oh ! bow me lowly down,
Bend my unhurabled will, that I may be
Drawn by resistless, but by welcome power.
In brokenness to thee.
If thou hast lain thy hand
On the bright glories of my doting heart ;
And wills, with skilful ministry to break
The links that will not part,
Then Father, wilt thou send
Thy gifts of willingness and strength to bear,
Make my resigned and contrite spirit bend,
Lowly to thee in prayer.
Prayer, that to thee, my soul.
In all thou doest — all thou yet may est do
May, armed with faith and girt with holy trust
Own thou art just and true.
Send thy transforming grace
Into this bosom, which so craves thy love.
And take the dearest, all I have on earth.
So, I am thine above.
Seventh Month 18th. — Silent Meeting here
at Woodstowu. I hope to lead a self-denying
life while at home, but fear that I shall often
be tempted to depart from it. How poor I am
and what favors I receive !
On Fifth-day last I went to meeting, and
presently three women Friends came in. Anne
Tatum from Salem and Mary Matlack from
Woodbury. They spoke to me so kindly it
made my heart really feel as though I wanted
to be good and merit so much kindness.
25th. — Our Friends here from town. It is
pleasant to see them, but I feel that I can add
very little to their enjoyment, my spirit is too
worldly, and I am very wicked. They went to
meeting, and I remained at home to take care
of the children. Mother does not take the
Friexd paper and I miss it very much. It
seems like a little monitor.
Eighth Month 1st. — I went to Meeting to-
day. Mother invited T. L., wife and brothers
here to tea. This company was very pleasant.
They seem like meek men, Thomas particularly,
so unassuming, so consistent. I wish I were
like him, in trying to be nothing in this world.
THE FRIEND.
First-day. — After Firetday I have to sit down
and repent of my pride and stubboruness.
8th. — Silent meeting, here in West Chester.
I did try to get into a solid waiting frame, and
believe that I .succeeded through Divine help.
Ah, me! this vacation has not altogether been
spent in the service of God ; some few crosses
and sweet spots to look back to, but mostly
have to lament sins without number. Oh ! for
meek and quiet obedience. Holy Father, be
merciful to me, and enable me to bring forth
fruit meet for repentanee, that I may be for-
given.
11th. — Quarterly Meeting so good to me. I
was not reproved and condemned as I expected
to be, but I hope a willingness was wrought to
follow the strait path. Samuel Leeds, from
New Jersey, spoke first. Oh, it seemed so good
to me. May 1 be like good old Joshua in choos-
ing " the Lord for my portion ;" just my portion
-to serve Him. Next, dear William Kite spoke.
Can I be of good courage? Can I be of good
cheer because my Saviour has overcome the
world ? Will He really enable me to overcome
the world that is tempting me? Can any of
these good words be for me? In the last meet-
ing dear Phebe Roberts spoke, quoting these
words to the giving further encouragement,
"Why art thou cast down, oh my soul, and
why art thou disquieted within me. Hope thou
in God, for I shall yet praise Him, who is the
help of my countenance," closing with " Be thou
faithful unto death, and I will give thee a crown
of life." Oh, that I were only fit to take part
of these promises to myself. Dear Mary Kite
spoke to me after meeting. When kind friends
speak to me, it makes me feel so glad.
While away during vacation, my certificate
was received here, and dear Mary with friend
Jefieris were appointed to vi^it me. I am not
worthy of having such good friends to see me.
15th.— Silent meeting to-day. I tried to wor-
ship God, but do not know whether I was
humble enough or not. Oh ! may I be kept
low in the valley of humiliation.
On Fifth-day dear Mary Kite came up, and she
with dear friend Jefferis went in the morning to
see two other young Friends, but they were not
at home. In the evening they sat down quietly
with me; poor unworthy me. If trials and af-
flictions await me through life. Oh, Heavenly
Father, be with me and support me, and let
them make me humble and purify nie, that I
may live hereafter in heaven. " Behold, I will
refine thee, but not with silver. I have chosen
thee in the furnace of affliction." " Thine are we
David and on thy side, thou son of Jesse."
Be pleased. Heavenly Father, to make me
know my own heart, to see the great sin that is
there concealed and enable me to overcome. I
do believe thou hast in measure enabled me to
give up. Oh ! be pleased in mercy to enable me
to do so still more.
22d.— Samuel Leeds here at meeting to-day.
We were instructed to wait more deeply on
God in our religious meetings. Oh ! may I do
it, that I may know my own heart, and see how
I stand in the sight of my Heavenly Father.
From thee alone all good and perfect gifts
come. Enable me to say in sincerity, " Not my
will, but thine, oh Heavenly Father, be done.
If thou art touched with a feeling of our in-
firmities, be pleased to look with pity upon me,
in my pride, and continue thy merciful visita-
tions yet longer. I will try to obey, if thou
will give me peace and assurance in thee.
29th.-— How merciful my Heavenly Father is
to me. If I do not bow soon He will not al-
ways strive with me, I am assured. He has
visited me, by convictions, time and again, his
servants have spoken to me, and my warning
visions have been many. May I never forget
my last one. My drive towards the stream,
instead of going up over the bridge and over
the narrow path. I stopped just before I was
drowned. Ah ! may I be saved at last. How
my wicked guide was with me, telling me that
was as good a way as any; just go that way.
And the dear little children would now and
then hold me back because of my fear of injur-
ing them. May I never be tempted so again,
or may I never give up so much to the tempt
tion, as I did that night before going to bed !
(To be continued.)
For "The Friend.
A writer in The Friend of Sixth Month
27th, has set forth what seem to him serious ob-
jections to life insurance. He bases his objec-
tions mainly on what he regards as " religious
or Christian grounds," viewing it as a specula
tion upon our " uncertainty" or " want of knowl
edge of future events." That life insurance
depends for its operation upon the uncertainty
of the tenure of each individual life is very true,
and primarily it is designed to enable the in-
sured to make a provision for his family in case
death should unexpectedly come to him, and
find them without other means of support. May
it not be well to observe that all future events
of our lives are involved in uncertainty so far
as our human sight is concerned? And are we
not daily taking means to protect ourselves,
our families, and our possessions against possi-
ble harm and danger, which we would not take
if we could foresee the future and knew these
dangers would escape us? If the captain of a
sea-going vtssel knew that he would have a safe
voyage, that life boats, life preservers and other
appliances for the safety of passengers and crew
would not be needed, he would not cumber the
vessel with them. It is because of uncertainty
that he provides them, and who of us would
take passage with him if he did not? Numer-
ous illustrations might be given of human con-
trivances and devices deemed by all to be ne-
cessary in order to provide against the uncer-
tainty of some future event or events. Why,
we may ask, should life insurance be condemned
because it involves the same principle?
On this point the writer further says, "It
fosters and encourages the spirit of speculation,
the desire to acquire wealth suddenly without
giving any equivalent for it." Life insurance
seems to lack the essential element of specula-
tion as above defined, namely: "the desire to
acquire wealth suddenly without giving any
equivalent for it," — in other words, the desire
to profit or gain at the expense of others. It
offers to the insured no opportunity " to acquire
wealth ;" he can receive no personal benefit ; it
simply affords him ameansofmakingaprovision
for his family in the event of his death, and na-
ture forbids that he or his fiimily should desire
the occurrence of this event in order that the
latter may realize on his policy.
In its simplest form, life insurance consists of
an arrangement amongst a number of people
whereby on the death of one, the survivors con-
tribute a sum for the relief of his family. Simi-
larly in fire insurance, if one member loses a
house or barn by fire, his l(,ss is made up by the
others. The underlying principle here seems
to be the equalization of losses, the " bearing"
or sharing " of one another's burdens." Com-
panies as they now exist are organizations for
carrying out this principle in a practical, safe i
and efficient manner. In stating this objection, j
the writer seems to have had in mind the fact j
that sums of money are sometimes paid to bene- \
ficiaries where but little has been paid out in j
premiums. But this circumstance is not pecu- j
liar to life insurance ; it represents a condition j
inseparable from any system of sharing losses]
or dividing burdens. j
In objection second, the writer says, " The j
operations of life insurance may be beneficial •
in particular cases but are oppressive in others," '
and gives as illustration : First, " the extreme \
poor who most need the benefits of it, are en- i
tirely unable to procure them." This may be I
true, but may we not say with equal force that
they are unable to live in comfortable houses,
to feed, clothe and educate their children, in a
word to enjoy the comforts and blessings of our:
Heavenly Father as their more fortunate neigh-
bors may do? But do any of us feel that we'
must refrain from partaking of these bounties
and bhssings in reasonable degree because the
" very poor " are unable to have them ? In the
same connection it is said that many being " un-
able longer to meet the necessary payments, the
insurance lapses and they suffer loss " and that
they are " unable to use their savings when they
most need them." However true this may have
been in the early history of life insurance, under
the present system of paid-up policies and cash
values, the policyholder is allowed to withdraw
from the company without suffering a loss pr
portionately greater than he would expect to
sustain in voluntarily withdrawing his capital
from a business partnership. Indeed it is a seri-
ous question whether under the practice of some
companies' liberality to the member who with-
draws has not gone so far as to do injustice to
those who remain. Instead of not being able,
to use their savings when they most need them,
the system of cash values frequently provides
the insured with savings which he would pro-
bably not otherwise have had, the rest of hia
estate having been swept away by business dis-
aster. While it may be true as stated that the
extreme poor are unable to procure the bene-
fits of life iusarance to any great extent, it
nevertheless a fact, that in a large proportion
of cases where insurance money is paid to the
family it finds them without other means of
support. The instances in which life insurance
thus comes to the relief of poverty and distress,
and brings temporal joy and comfort to thous-
ands of homes would fill volumes.
In the next paragraph the idea is held out
that in many companies life insurance has be-
come very profitable to stockholders, etc. If
this were strictly correct, it could hardly form
a valid objection to life insurance, but would
rather call for reform in the method of conducti
ing the business. As a matter of fact in this!
country, the business is conducted almost wholly
on the " Mutual" plan, that is, all surplus that
accrues is accumulated for the benefit of the
policyholders and is distributed to them in the
way of dividends. Only two or three companies
out of about fifty do any stock business.
Third : it is objected, " Insurance is a temp-
tation to crime," etc. The accumulation of pro-
perty in any manner whatever, carries with i(
this temptation in some degree, as the columns
of the newspapers and records of courts abund-
antly show, but it will hardly be claimed that
this is sufficient reason for discouraging an
honest efibrt not only to provide for present
temporal wants but to lay up a reasonable store
for future needs.
THE FRIEND.
27
Finally, the writer says: "But above all
ther objections to life insurance for Christians,
[, is regarded as a distrust of Divine Provi-
ence." The following extract from the editorial
a The Friend relating to this subject is coin-
aeuded to those who may have read the above
bjection: " While we sympathize with our cor-
espondent's concern that we should have faith
the goodness and superintending care of our
Jeavenly Father, we do not see that this iieces-
arily conflicts with that foresight and pruilent
!are which leads men to provide for the future
pants of themselves and families." It is in this
ight the subject is viewed by the many Chris-
people (including a goodly number in our
pwn Society) who have believed it right for
hem to make provision for their families by
ife insurance. They cannot view it as a dis-
rust of Divine Providence, for fully concurring
n what our friend says of our dependence on
Eiira, " who maketh his sun to rise on the evil
md on the good and sendeth rain on the just
and on the unjust;" that He " holds the events
Df our lives in his hand and dispenses them as
He sees meet," they nevertheless believe that it
s in accord with his will that they should pro-
iride for the temporal wantsof those whom He has
!oramitted to their care, not only the wants of
;o-day but of to-morrow; and they believe He
ooks with approval upon an honest effort to lay
ip a reasonable competence for future needs.
^.nd realizing that it may be his will that their
ives shall be cut short without their having ae-
umulated a sufficient store to keep their families
From want, many have given thanks to Him
For enabling them to provide through life in-
jurance against this contingency. And so when
(the Christian widow with her family of helpless
[children receives from the insurance company
^he sum which her husband's forethought has
[provided, she accepts it with thankful heart as
Scorning from Him of whom the Psalmist said,
i'' A father of the fatherless and a judge of the
rwidows is God in his holy habitation."
I A friend has sent for insertion in The Friend
two selections, one on " Contentment," and the
<5ther on "The disease of apprehensiveness," ac-
companying them with a letter which says:
"The article on contentment arrested my at-
tention particularly, because of my great desire
for that virtue for myself. My great desire is
never to be greatly disturbed by what are some-
times called ' untoward circumstances.' It is
one thing to hold the general belief that 'all is
ordered for the best,' and to be convinced that
that is the only right view to hold in going
through life ; and it is another thing to be so
permeated with this as a living and continual
belief that every disturbing thing that comes
along our path will be only very momentary in
its effect. I have greatly desired, and I may say,
have asked for a mind of perfect quietness, a
spirit of entire resignation, let occurrences be
what they will, but I do find a faint-heartedness
recurring more often than is consistent with the
belief mentioned above."
[It seemed to the Editor, that the letter might
be appropriately published in connection with
the articles themselves.— Ed.]
HOW TO BE CONTENTED.
" If we cannot bring our means to our minds,
then let us try to bring our minds to our means.
That is an old Puritan minister's version of
Paul's cheerful message to his Philippian breth-
ren :' I have learned, in whatsoever state I am,
therein to be content.' The great apostle was
not content to be in a low spiritual state, and
therefore he pressed toward the goal of a higher
spiritual life every day. But he was contented
to be where his Master put him, to bear all the
hard knocks and endure all the rough usage
that he had to encounter in the path of duty.
Paul's spirit was like a watch. You may carry
it up and down with you, and shake it hither
and thither; but the mainspring is not put out
of order, nor do the wheels lose their regular
motion. Paul was knocked about with cruel
treatment and fierce persecutions, but the main-
spring of love to Jesus was not broken in his
heart, and the wheels of his consecrated activity
ran on undisturbed.
"Christian contentment is the cheerful acquies-
cence of the soul to the will of God in all condi-
tions and under all weathers. It is the habit of
the mind, just as faith is the habit of a healthy
Christian and benevolence is the habit of a phil-
anthropist. The great, brave apostle learned it
where he learned Christ, and he learned it from
Christ, and in a pretty severe and costly school.
Like every precious thing, we must pay the price
for if. And like most precious things, it is quite
too rare, and the thoroughly contented people
are in the minority. We may overrate this
grace, but it seems to us that genuine content-
ment, that is ready to let God have his own way
to let God put us where He chooses, even though
the furnace be hot, is more scarce than it ought
to be. He or she has attained to it who has
learned to say, under disappointments the most
bitter and trials which give the last turn to the
screw and make the blood start, ' Thy will, O
God, be done!'
"This style of contentment is not reserved for
sublime occasions, it is visible in all the little
unnumbered events in everyday life. It is pa-
tient not only under death strokes, but under
petty vexations and wounding words and ne-
glects ; it does not worry over hard seats or bor-
ing visitors or stupid servants or a crying child.
It manages to be happy in a small house when
it cannot afford a three-story mansion. So rich
is it in God's promises and the sweet smiles of
the Master and a good title to heaven, that it
does not mind wearing a coarse coat and a trudge
on foot toward the better country. It wears the
herb called ' heart's ease' it its bosom ; it finds
a cool spring to drink of in the lowliest vales of
life, and catches grand outlooks from the sum-
rait of every steep hill it climbs. As it treads
along its patient path it chants John Bunyan's
quaint, simple song:
"' I am content with what I have,
Be it little or ranch ;
And, Lord, contentment still I crave,
Because Thou blessest such ;
Fulness to me a burthen is
As I go on pilgrimage,
Here little and hereafter bliss
Is best from age to age.'
" Would to God that we were all more con-
tented with our mercies and more discontented
with ourselves. It is the trying to live on ex-
ternal conditions that makes a Christian rest-
less and wretched. A soul at peace with God
and itself, a soul that delights in making other
people happy, can sleep sweetly, like the old-
time patriarch, with a stone for a pillow." —
Theodore L. Ouyler in Tlie Kraminer.
THE DISE.\SE OF APPREHENi?IVENESS.
" That quality of mind which leads us to too
great regret for what is past, and to too insistent
and morbid dwelling on our conduct in the past
1 leads us to the apprehension of trouble and anx-
iety for ourselves in the future. At the best,
this ap[)reiieusiveness is a mental and spiritual
disease.
" Some minds are slaves to one form of this dis-
ease, and some to the other. In one view, those
who call up the [last to regret it are less to be
pitied than those who live under the dread of
the future; for the past is fixed, and the very
inexorableness of the possibility of change lends
a certainty to past events, however regretable,
that tends in the end to calm the mind. But those
who live under constant apprehension for the fu-
ture have a myriad and ever-changing host of
fears to allay, — as many, indeed, as a fertile, and
ofttimes morbidly vivid, imagination can supply.
And there is no certainty of any kind connected
with this glance into the future, except the cer-
tainty that such persons will make themselves
(and, in consequence, their friends) unutterably
miserable. To them the air is full of voices
crying, at the most unseasonable times, ' What
if,' 'What if,' — the rest of the exclamation
filled out with whatever miserable anxiety at
that moment haunts the soul.
" The person who is naturally apprehensive
has a greater opportunity of glorifying God than
one of a naturally buoyant and sanguine temper.
He does not, it may be, so often as one of the non-
apprehensive kind show out the cheerful or the
calm and restful side of Christian life, but he
may gain such a conquest over the army of his
fears, groundless or real, that God, who sees all
our inner, intense conflicts, and who appreciates
every atom of actual trust, and what it has cost
each one according to his peculiar make-up, will
be most greatly glorified by the efiijrt of the
fearful soul to trust him.
" The possibilities of loss of friends, their sick-
ness, sorrow, trouble of all kinds, are so great,
that nothing is sufficient to allay the torture of
the fearful mind but the great thought of God;
and not of God in the abstract, but of God in
his personal love to us individually. This alone
can not only support us, but can exert exorcis-
ing power on the demon of apprehensiveness,
and bid it quit the soul forever. The power of
trust goes beyond this. It turns our fears into
courage. If God be for us, who, or what, can
be against us ? It gives us vigor to be aggres-
sors, to take the offensive instead of the defensive
position, and gives us strength to glorify God
by a calm and loving acceptance of his will.
Our power then is reserved for action, and ceases
to be dissipated in dread.
"To the suffering, apprehensive soul, what
sound can be more cheering than the voice of
him who speaks in the midnight of our fears?
— ' It is I. Be not afraid.' What but the bright
and calm image of Jesus just beside us is enough
to set our quaking hearts at rest? It is the
image of Jesus Christ, thought upon, made
real to ourselves, actiial to us, that enables us
to overcome our fearfulness and to rejoice in
the Lord. Let the fearful give thanks that
God is so good to us, and believe the depth
of his personal love, and honor Him by a great
and joyous faith. This apprehensiveness is, after
all, but the bitter, perhaps the bitterest, dregs
of a self that is still assertive even in the renew-
ed heart.
" ' I will fear no evil ' is written on the banner
of the children of light; but, while they lift
aloft their standard, it is sometimes a trembling
hand that carries it and a cowardly heart that
marches beneath it. Nevertheless, the bruised
reed will he not break, nor will He quench the
smoking flax till He send forth judgment unto
victory. There is victory for the most fearful.
28
THE FRIEND.
the most timorous, the most apprehensive, if he
will but strengthen himself iu God." — S. S.
Times.
For "The Fbikitb."
•IN MEMORIAM. "
And still we mourn ! Time cannot heal
The bleeding of the wound we feel :
Close round onr hearts, a living thing,
The tendrils of our lots will cling,
And though a thousand moons should wane
Must evermore vibrate in pain.
O sainted Friend ! The earth grew dark
To some who loved thee, when thy bark
Dropt softly down the silent stream
That sweeps the bounds of life, whose gleam
Still brightened as it bore thee on
To meet the glad, immortal dawn.
It seems a sacrilege, dear heart,
To speak thy praise — to strive to part
One virtue from the perfect whole.
To stamp upon the written scroll.
Or sever one adorning grace
From its illumined, fitting place.
For whether in thy genial cheer
That sunned the encircling atmosphere,
Or in thy courtesy supreme
As chivalric as knightly dream.
Thy charity which loved to bless,
Or thy unrivalled tenderness.
Thy rare humility profound
AVhich clothed thee as a garment round.
And, ever throbbing, full and free
Thy living, warm humanity^
In all we trace the true accord
Unto thy Master and thy Lord.
Thy Master ! Ah ! we hear no more
Thy pleading eloquence outpour,
In loving service prompt to raise
Thy testimony to his praise —
Obedient to each whispered call
Of Him who was thy all in all.
We gather still, though thou art gone,
And faintly, dimly, struggle on.
But if that vacant spot will press
In vivid sense of loneliness,
And tear-wet lashes more bespeak
Aflection than devotion meek,
May He who wept at Lazarus' grave
Still pity, and forgive and save.
He knows our weakness and our loss,
The weight of every added cross.
That ne'er again, howe'er we pine
Will dawn for us a soul like thine.
No sympathy like thine unfolds.
No spirit strength like thine upholds,
Our faithful confidant and friend.
Unfaltering, changeless, to the end.
And when the Angel's wing outspread
Above thy bared and silvered head,
As, kneeling at the Gates of Pearl,
The glories of the unseen world
Through open portals streaming down.
And nigh thy brow the victor's crown,
Thou bore us with a suppliant cry
Unto the very Throne on high.
O may the memory of that prayer
Be with thy followers everywhere.
And may thy spirit yet abide,
Our inspiration and our guide.
Who now beyond the foaming river
Art shining "as the stars forever."
Secret communion with God, and training
and discipline in liis school are indispensable
in tiie formation of character that qualifies for
future usefulness. The wisdom of this world
can never supply this need. — M. B. Miller in
The Eariied Christian.
BE.\r. in mind that if you never start for
Heaven you will never get there.
For "The Feiend."
King Crabs in Delaware Bay.
In The FitiEND a few weeks since I described
an unsuccessful expedition to the neighborhood
of Goshen, N. J., in pursuit of King Crabs.
Captain Stillwell, whom we so pleasantly met
with at that place, advised us to write to Lorenzo
D. Smith, of West Creek, a few miles up the Bay,
for information. We did so, and received in re-
sponse a kind invitation to come to his house. On
the thirteenth of the Seventh Month, we did so,
taking the Cape May train to Belle Plain, from
which a mail coach carries passengers to points
near the Bay Shore. After a comfortable dinner
at the house of our kind friend, he took us
about three miles further over the extensive
salt meadows to the bauks of West Creek, where
we found a pile of ninety-five thousand crabs,
and a vessel loading them to take away to a
ftictory of fertilizers. L. D. Smith had been
for many years in the crab business, and for-
merly ground them up and sold the material —
but of late years he contents himself with col-
lecting and selling the animals intact.
One of the men connected with the vessel
kindly put us across the stream in its boat, and
we wandered for a considerable distance up the
bank of the Delaware River. At frequent in-
tervals on the sandy shore, lines of poles had
been driven into the sand, leading out into
deep water, and at the outer extremity of these
were constructed circular weirs or pens of poles,
with door-like openings. The crabs which come
to spawn at high tide, on their return to deep
water, follow the lines of pools, and are caught
in the weirs, from which they are unable to
find a way out. At low tide the fishermen
come in their boats, and gather the captured
crustaceans. Hundreds of these traps had been
made along the shore, and our guide was the
general purchasing agent for them on the east
side of Delaware Bay. In reply to our inquir-
ies as to the extent of the business, we found
that the catch for the present year was esti-
mated at about one million three hundred
thousand king crabs, which cost the firm that
manufactures them about $8 per thousand.
The King-crab's outer covering consists of
three pieces. The front is rounded in outline,
and arched. Within this are located some of
tiie vital organs. The lower lining of the cavity
is a thin, horny plate, apparently in consistence
half way between parchment and shell. This
head-piece is often about a foot in diameter in
the female. The male crab is smaller and
measures about eight inches across. Atttached
to this head is a narrower plate, and a triangu-
lar tail-piece, like a bayonet or spike, ends the
animal. From the rounded outline of the head-
piece, this crab is often called Horse-shoe. It
is known to naturalists as the Limulus poly-
phenius.
It's natural habitat is the muddy bottoms of
bays of brackish water, of moderate depth. Here
it burrows in the rauil, by the aid of its feet,
which are clustered on the uuder side of the
head. With these also it seizes the worms on
which it principally lives. The edges of these
feet are closely studded with short, sharp spines,
so that a worm is speedily reduced to fine frag-
ments by the friction of the opposite limbs,
which answer the purpose of jaws for the crea-
ture. The operation of eating was witnessed by
S. Lockwood, who in 1870 made a series of ob-
servations on this curious animal which are re-
corded in one of the early volumes of the
American Naluraliitt. He dropped a jiiece of
clam before a hungry crab. This was instantly
drawn under with its claws, when, he says, "I
immediately turned it over, holding it with the
abdomen against the glass side of the tank."
The food was held in position over the mouth,
by the claws or nippers. Then began an al-
ternating motion of the spring or rasp-like joints
agaiust the opposite one of the same pair. The
fine particles of food thus rasped ofl', pass into
the mouth.
The spawning season of the Limnht-s is in the
Fifth and Sixth Months, at the time of the
extra high tides, which occur at new and full
moon. The instinct implanted by the Creator,
then brings these animals to the shore, and the
crab scratches a depression in the sand just
below high water mark, and in it deposits her ,
eggs, which the motion of the water soon covers'
with sand. The succeeding tides do not rise so
high, and thus the eggs have the benefit of the
sun's rays to hatch them.
In certain stages of the development of the
young, one is reminded of the fossil trilobi
showing that Limulm is probably a descendant
of this ancient family.
Our guide waded out in the water of the Bay
to one of the weirs and soon returned with two
or three live king crabs. One of these he pro-
ceeded to dissect, cutting away the under shell
of the great head, and disclosing a mass of
thousands of small greenish eggs, not much
larger than an ordinary pin's head — filling the
space between the upper and lower rim of the
shell. Formerly, when the crabs were more
abundant, these eggs were often collected to
feed chickens, which are very fond of them-
but the diet is said to give a most (
flavor to the flesh of the chicken.
Lorenzo D. Smith said the crabs were by no
means as numerous as formerly, and that Dela
ware Bay was their principal habitat, although
found in other bodies of brackish water along
oar coast. When I reflected that it was only
at the time of spawning that they came to
shore from the mud of the deeper water, and
remembered how perseveringly the fishermen
made use of these opportunities for catching
them, I was not surprised at the diminution in
their number. Indeed, it did seem probable that
they would become comparatively rare. But
after seeing the vast multitude of eggs which
one crab contained, and reflecting that there
must be multitudes of nests deposited in the
sands of the shores, the owners of which were
able to effect their retreat into deep waters
without becoming entangled in the weirs, my
anxiety was much dispelled ; and I think there
is a reasonable prospect that naturalists yet un-
born may find an object of interest and study
in these curious creatures.
The country in the vicinity of Eldora is very
level. Water is generally found at a depth of
ten or twelve feet. As was to be expected, we
found mosquitoes abundant. Although our guide
told us they were " modest " that day, yet they
made numerous punctures in our hands and
other exposed parts of the bodies. On the salt
meadows we saw quite a flock of barn swallows
busily engaged iu pursuing them — and
thought they had chosen a rich locality for
their hunting. We noticed also along the
beaches an unusual number of a smallish dr
on-fly, which probably also feeds on the same
winged game.
Our kind host, who was born on the farm he
still owns, was decidedly of the opinion that
the land in Southern New Jersey was slowly
sinking. He could see a change in the period
of his observation.
THE FRIEND.
29
Our trip was only partially a botanical one,
ut as we passed along we saw several interest-
Dg plants, Helianthiw divaricatns, Slylosanthes
Udior, Chrysopsis Mariana, Solidago oclora, Ale-
ris farinosa, Gerardia, Lilium superbum, lihexia
Virginica, Vtricidaria cornuti, Cephalanthus oc-
■identalis, Cleihra alnifolia, Euphorbia ipecani-
mha, etc. J. W.
Fob "THE Friend,"
Barclay Stratton's Trial of Faith.
[Many of our readers will probably remember
he narrative of the experience of Barclay Strat-
,on when drafted into the array, during the war
)etween the South and North, as published in
The Friend during last year. Some of these,
ve trust, will be interested in the following nar-
ative of the same events, written by one who
*as an adjutant in the army at the time, and
in actor in the incidents connected with B.
Stratton's confinement at camp. The writer
ks of himself as a "fighting Quaker." He
(pas descended from a Friend's family, but in
roublous times prior to 1860 " imbibed the
;pirit of retaliation against the slave power of
he South. — Ed.]
In the issue of Second Month 16th, series of
1895, appears, under the head of " Extracts
from Letters of Barclay Stratton," an account
of the closing scenes of that Friend's military
jareer and experience, that brings back, through
gloom of the past, an episode in my life
iweet to remember.
At the time named therein, Eleventh Month,
1864, I was the adjutant of the Sixty-second
Ohio Infantry, and as such was serving with
Qiy regiment in front of Richmond. At the
time named our regiment was greatly reduced
lin numbers, as the result of an active campaign
extending from May to November. Frequent
: instalments of recruits were sent us during the
fall and winter of that year. Among the num-
,ber was Barclay Stratton, and (as I remember
it), his cousin, Isaac Cadwalader.
In telling their subsequent story, I have to
rely largely upon my recollection of the event,
as the official history is in the War Department
:and the Adjutant General's Office in Colum-
.bus, Ohio. I am very clear, however, as to the
main features of their unusually solemn and in-
;teresting case.
I received the descriptive lists of these men
and found opposite the names of Stratton and
Cadwallader the words "non-combatant, claim
exemption." In calling the roll and assigning
the recruits, I singled them out and had some
conversation with them relalive to their convic-
tions. They easily convinced me of their entire
sincerity and good conscience in the matter, and
asked me to allow them to remain in companv.
I think they told me of promised intercession in
their behalf, and complained of the seeming
bad faith upon the part of those upon whom
they were induced to rely. They spoke freely
of tlieir home associations near Salem, Ohio,
and knew very many persons there, occupying
the position of valued friends to the writer.
While Barclay Stratton has omitted the men-
tion of my name personally, in the account he
has given, I am very clear that both he and his
companion felt in a measure relieved after our
first interview. And in subsequent seasons they
expressed much gratitude for the solace I gave
them.
I at once made up their case under the pro-
visions of an act of Congress exempting con-
scientious non-combatants from the operation
of the military law, and made it strong in por-
trayed facts, and forwarded it to the Secretary
of War.
My recollection is, that about ten or twelve
days was required to get the order returned re-
leasing them from the service. During the
while, some discomfort was experienced by our
friends in their effort to maintain their standing
in the army, and some expedients were resorted
to as a protection, that would hardly have
squared with military discipline. I had great
sympathy for them, and assured them of the
fact, and of my best efforts in their behalf I
took council with Captain John R. Murray,
their company commander, and requested that
beyond certain portentous talk necessary to
reasonable discipline, no measures more harsh
should be taken until the action of the War
Department be had in their case. Thus they
remained during the period of waiting, the sub-
ject of varied comment. In those days of trial
and privation, it was a rare occurrence to find
old battle-scarred veterans who had endured
the brunt of battle and the march for years,
and esteemed the period of separation from
loved ones at home as a mighty sacrifice for the
glory and well-being of the nation, willingly
justify any able-bodied man in withholding his
best service cheerfully rendered, from the sup-
port of the common cause. To such, and I
honor them for it, the cause of the Union was
more than sacred, and was no uncommon thing
to hear it maintained, as above all other human
considerations.
Our friends were daily visitors at headquar-
ters, and if imperative duty permitted, I spent
some time each day consoling their fears and
misgivings.
Finally one evening I saw a commotion in
camp, and supposing it to be the chaplain with
the mail, I stood and watched its progress. Such
it proved to be, but the real cause of the ex-
citement was the approach of two modestly
dressed " Quakers" as the boys called them, in
company with the chaplain. These personages
proved to be the father of one and tlie brother
of the other of our meek heioes. I was greatly
rejoiced to meet .them and deeply moved as
were many others at the meeting of these friends.
After a hearty interchange of thoughtful enquiry
and narration of fact, I was the happy recipient
of many expressions of gratitude from this anx-
ious father and brother for the little I had done
for the comfort of these their friends. But all the
joy had not been experienced yet in store for us
that eventful night. When the headquarter mail
was delivered tliere was a large official envelope
from Washington. I tore it open and — almost
too good to tell — there was the fruit of my
striving. An order releasing Barclay Stratton
and Isaac Cadwallader from military duty as
requested, etc.
There were strange and novel proceedings
had and done in that military tent that night.
That is, strange from a military point of view.
As I remember it, war was forgotten for the
time, and our old headquarter tent, bullet rent
and smoke begrimed, was the scene of a Quaker
love feast, such as many of the readers hereof
will not participate in during this phase of ex-
istence. As soon as the nece.ssary authority
could be evoked, authorized by the War De-
partment order, our friends took their tearful
and joyous leave for their peaceful though anx-
ious homes.
I received numerous letters of unmerited ac-
knowledgment from our heroes after their re-
turn home, also from other of their friends and
relations.
In living over again my war experiences I
have often dwelt with pleasant memories upon
this little event, and never without feelings of
true gratitude that it was within my reach to
extend a helping hand to tho.se oppre-ssed ones
in their hour of need.
A short while since I was attending Friends'
meeting at Pasadena, California, and having
iieen introduced to a Friend by the name of
.Stratton, I proceeded to narrate briefly the
above story. I soon found to my surprise that
my auditor knew the story quite as well as I,
and upon inquiry learned that it had been pub-
lished in great part in The Friend during last
year.
Numerous ones have requested me to tell it
over again. Not that it would be bettered, but
that some of the friends of the parties would be
plea.sed to learn of the continued existence of
living witnesses to this solemn event and su-
preme trial of a worthy life.
Fraternally,
Aaron D. Yocum.
Pasadena, California.
For "The Fbiend."
Dear Friends: — A word in love to the
Friends of our once favored Society. Let wis-
dom guide us to our Lord and Saviour, putting
down everything of our earthly nature, that the
pure love of God may enter into these clay
tabernacles reaching forth to that life that the
Lord God hath placed there, clothing our minds
with that unspeakable wisdom and knowledge
that God can administer to the weary and tried
soul.
Oh, that we may be preserved and brought
forth clothed in the bright robes of righteous-
ness, and thus keeping faith, hope and love in
our hearts, show the marks of the true disciples
of Christ Jesus, the Lamb of God, thus rightly
dividing the word of God unto the poor, suf-
fering seed, that is hid from the worldly-wise.
Oh my soul yearns after such as these— yea, I
have strewed my tears before the Lord, who
can rightly guide and direct us in all things,
that we may be stayed upon that sure Rock,
Christ .Jesus, where there is no shadow of turn-
ing to the right or to the left. For the step-
ping-stones are all ready cast up for us to walk
upon, by the dear Son of God, who suffered
upon the cross to redeem us, who is our Media-
tor between God and man. Oh, what do we not
owe unto Him, who maketh intercession for us
before God.
Are we willing to take up the cross and fol-
low our Saviour as He followed our Heavenly
Father; let us examine our hearts as in the
sight of God by retiring often to our closet,
there to hold sweet communion with our Lord
and Saviour, that we may be enabled to follow
closely his guiding hand, day by day, that our
calling and election may be sure.
These words arose in my mind and kept with
me, till I have been willing to place them here,
" Fee<l my sheep, gather the tender lambs into
the heavenly fold, for their cry has come up
before me, saith the Lord." Of the great har-
vest of souls, many are wandering from the true
fold, and are thus liable to be cast into the
mighty deep at any moment, no more to arise.
For many of the faithful watchmen have been
called home, from works to rewards, and who
shall take their places but those that have
passed through the fire of affliction, and thus
become pure as gold well refined. With such
to guide and lead the tender babes in Christ,
the many barriers that surround us on every
30
THE FRIEND.
hand will be removed by the Great Head of the
Church. But who shall judge between the quick
and the dead ; is not the eye of the Son of God
over all of his faithful servants; so let us be
more faithful in looking unto Him, the great
Head of the Church, who knows the secret de-
sires of every heart. He will not choose the
blind, nor the deaf, nor those that will not listen
to his tender entreaties ; nay, He will choose the
tender lambs that bow daily low at his feet,
and there seek after that heavenly bread that
will heal and soothe the aching soul.
Dear Friends, I feel that we as a Society have
got in a low place. Oh, may we remain there
until the great Captain of our Salvation spreads
his mantle of love over us, a poor scattered
remnant, and bring us all into the holy euclo-
sure, where the enemy can have no power over
us, yea, dear Friends, I feel that the only true
abiding place is to keep very near to our Lord
and Saviour. He is the alone true teacher of
all good, and will be near to all of his faithful
servants to guide them into all truth and right-
eousness ; let us strive to keep near to his guid-
ing hand, in our stepping along through time
here, that all may be done to the praise and
glory of God, thus preparing us for that happy
meeting with Him who is our all and all. What
is man, that he should strive to bind the spirit
of all life, that the Lord God has placed within
our hearts. He will give his spirit to all that
are willing to obey his every command, thus
enabling us to walk in newness of life before
God. Yea, the Lord God hath made bare his
holy arm in the eyes of all the nations, and all
the ends of the earth shall see the salvation of
the Lord. H. T.
Seventh Month 2.5th, 1896.
Life Among the Indians.
The arrival in this city a short time ago of
an aged man, wearing buckskin trousers, a
vari-colored coat of linen, and carrying in his
hands an otter skin and several other articles
found only in the Everglades of the State, cre-
ated considerable interest and comment, and
large numbers of people gathered around him
whenever he stopped. A C'Vizen reporter stopped
the old man to learn soraethiog about his story.
" My name," he said, " is Captain W.S. Pitts.
I am now seventy-one years of age. I was born
in Virginia, but when quite a child went to
Missouri, where I lived up to twenty-seven
years ago, and where I am now returning. Since
leaving Missouri, which I consider my native
State, I have lived continuously with the Semi-
nole Indians in the Everglades of Florida. This
is my first visit to a city for twenty-seven years.
I am old now, but vigorous and strong as I was
thirty years ago. Life with my dusky compan-
ions has not weakened my vitality. Why did I
stay with them so long? Well, the question is
easier asked than answered. Whatever may
have been the reason for my life among those
people will rest with me. I have lived with them,
worked with them, talked with them, and year
after year they have been my only companions.
I have been satisfied to have it so, and I think
they have also been content to have me as a
companion. I am going back home now to visit
my relatives, after which I shall return. I had
hoped to be in time to attend the convention, but
cireumstances have not permitted me to do so.
" How do the Indians live ? Well, principally
by hunting and fishing, although a great many
of them have their little gardens, from which
they manage to raise enough to live, but the
Indians love to hunt and fish, and civilize them
as much as you please, they will always prefer
to engage in what the white man calls 'sport'
than to be tied down to farming.
" There are now in the Everglades about six
huudred Indians. They ate increasing in num-
bers only slightly. The death rate is large,
though, and the present number will not change
much. The Seminole Indians are very friendly
toward white people, whom they think mean well
with them. But they have been duped so much
that they are getting extremely wary. The In-
dians in those swamps can set an example to a
great many white people, so far as dotnestic life
is concerned. They are very chivalrous. The
women have only their household duties to at-
tend to, and the men work and do all the heavy
drudgery necessary. The women are also re-
markably virtuous and quiet, both in manner
and way of living. There are really, in the
proper sense of the word, no chiefs. The tribes
are governed by a council, composed of Tom
Tiger, Tallahassee, Billy Bowlegs and Billy
Swift. This council governs the movements of
the Indians. The government is not harsh, and
there is as much freedom as could be possible in
those wilds. The Indians live principally in
thatched houses, and they are very well made.
Around each of these can generally be found a
little garden, which is attended by some mem-
ber of the family.
"A number of the Indians are Christians,
and some of their principles are far in advance
of those practised by white hypocrites. It is
true the white man has taught them to curse
and swear, drink and cheat, but these vices are
practised by only a few, and that few are those
who came in contact with the civilized savage
called white men. The older Indians still long
for their happy hunting grounds and the old
style of things, but they, too, have settled down
to the fact that it is only useless to buck against
the Government. They are content to live and
die in the wilds of that part of the State."
The old man will say little or nothing of him-
self, except that he originated the lecture, which
has recently been printed, called " Too Much
Wind for the Rudder," which is considered a
thoughtful eflTort on ethics. He expects to leave
for St. Louis to-day, and while there he will no
doubt cause considerable interest. He is well
preserved, and shows his age very little. The
fact that a white man would bury himself from
family and friends for twenty-seven years, makes
him of unusual interest, and when the circum-
stances of his life were made known he attracted
more than ordinary interest. — {Jacksonville,
Fla.), Citizen.
What are Christians for?— A Christian
lady who was engaged in work for the poor and
degraded was once spoken to by one who was
well acquainted with both the worker and those
whom she sought to reach, and remonstrated
with for going among such a class of people.
" It does seem wonderful to me that you can
do such work," her friend said. " You sit beside
people, and talk with them in a way I do not
think you would do if you knew all about them,
just what they are, and from what places they
come."
Her answer was, " Well, I suppose they are
dreadful people; but if the Lord Jesus were
now on earth, are they not the very sort of peo-
ple that He would strive to reach ? And am I
any better than my Master? Would He feel
himself too good to go among them ?"
A poor, illiterate person, who stood listening
to this conversation, said, with great earnestness
and simplicity, "Why, I always thought that V-
was what Christians were for." '
The objector was silenced, and what wonder?
Is not that what Christians are for? If not,
then what, in the name of all that is good are
they for. — American Messenger.
An Appeal to Professing Christians re-
specting THE ATTITUDE OF THE ChURCH
IN REGARD TO WaR : BY THE REPRESEN-
TATIVES OF THE Society of Friends op
Philadelphia.
" From whence come wars and fightings -
among you? Come they not hence, even of'
your lusts that war in your members?" (Jas.
iv: 1.) That heathen tribes should maintain
a continuous state of preparation for expected
attacks from other tribes, is consistent with their ■
uncivilized and unchristianized condition ; but
that those claiming to be Christians should so
far ignore the precepts and example of the Holy
Head and Founder of their religion as to re-
gard one another as enemies, can be accounted
for on no other ground than this, viz: that
blindness hath in part overtaken them — they
acknowledge Christ, but not in all their ways —
his words do influence their conduct in many
respects; but in relation to war, the demands
of a misguided patriotism would seem to out-
weigh all consideration of religious duty ; and
the fact is overlooked that a call to war is a
call to destroy the lives and property of those
whom Christ has enjoined his followers to love.
"Love your enemies; do good to them that
hate you, and pray for them that despitefully
use you and persecute you."
Deeds that are called criminal in times of
peace, are commended in times of war. The
lawmakers who seek to control men's passions,
by law, seek al.so by law to unloose those pas-
sions and set brother against brother, in the
name of patriotism. " My country right or
wrong," is a pernicious sentiment often ap-
plauded by a professedly Christian community.
War legalizes murder, plunder, arson, false pre-
tence ; and Christian nations commend all these
as necessary, and therefore right. " Do men
gather grapes of thorns, or figs of thistles?" —
never. " By their fruits ye shall know them "
and it is to Christians we appeal— to ministers
of the Gospel, to teachers and parents, that for
the sake of righteousness in the earth, they
cease preaching and teaching that war and pre-
paration for war are consonant with the Gospel
of Christ.
The Christian minister feels that it is a dis-
grace and a serious obstacle to the advancement i
of the good cause he has espoused, for any por-
tion of his flock to live at enmity with each
other; but when war is declared between na-
tions, the course of their teaching is changed by
many. They no longer urge the benign pre-
cepts of the Saviour of men as binding, but the
laws of men ; and for war purposes preach an
entirely different code of Christian ethics. From
whence do they get their authority for so <loing?
Is there anything whatever found in the New
Testament or in the heart's cravings for holi-
ness, that revives for war purposes the law of
" an eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth "
and yet keeps alive for other times " the law of
the Spirit of Life in Christ Jesus which makes
free from the law of sin and death?" Oh ye
" teachers," ye " leaders of the people, ' how can
ye exalt Christ by such a divided allegiance?
Has He not said, " I, if I be lifted up, will draw
all men unto me ?"
THE FRIEND.
Have you, dear Christian people, ever paused
)ng enough in frcnt of the query, " From
' enee come wars and fightings?" to rightly
onsider your responsibilities as ambassadors of
ae Prince of Peace, when fostering the spirit of
ar in your own hearts, or the hearts of others?
Does not the part you take in the various
shemes to keep alive and urge the view that a
ation must be ready at all times to strike and
3 strike back, contiadict your prayers and con-
Dund the honest seeker after the Truth of God?
)o you not thereby retard the advance of the
ledeemer's kingdom in the earth, and put to
hame the profession made of being Christ's fol-
bwers ?
Men love consistency, and when it is on the
ide of right may be led thereby to higher
ilanes of thought and life, and they turn in-
tinctively from the leading of men untrue to
he principles they profess.
The Christian is presumed to be a co-worker
th God in the regeneration of the world.
kVhoever enlists under his banner may be justly
jxpected to obey his commandments. The ex-
gencies of war render a compliance with the
Precepts of Christ impossible. Warriors them-
selves admit this, but contend that war is a ne-
essary evil. Where shall Christians be found
n such an emergency? Side by side with God
)r side by side with men who are violating his
lommands?
The belief that war is a necessary evil implies
want of faith in the promises and protecting
jare of the Almighty. The Proverbs of Solo-
mon declare that " whoso putteth his trust in
e Lord shall be safe." The truth of this was
verified by the experience of William Penn and
the early colonists of Pennsylvania.
Are not we too much like the rebellious cliil-
en of Israel, whom the Prophet Isaiah con-
demned, because they took counsel, but not of
the Lord, and on whom he pronounced a woe
because they go " down to Egypt for help, and
stay upon horses, and trust in chariots because
they are many, and in horsemen because they
are very strong; but they look not unto the
holy one of Israel, neither seek the Lord ?" If
,we substitute firearms for horses, and vessels of
war for chariots, is not this woe in measure ap-
I plicable to our own beloved country, which is
tin danger of trusting to such means of defence,
instead of seeking the Lord who hath declared,
" He that putteth bis trust in me shall possess
the land?"
These promises belong to nations and com-
munities as much as to individuals, yet there
• are many professing Christians who admit their
.force as to their private lives; but in national
■ affairs place their trust in military power. The
' most effective means of changing such a per-
■ verted view, is the infusion of the Spirit of the
■ Gospel into the heart. The Prophet Isaiah, in
.speaking prophetically of the coming of the
I kingdom of Christ, says, " They shall not hurt
, nor destroy in all my holy mountain, for the
earth shall be full of the knowledge of the Lord,
as the waters cover the sea ;" and he uses this
beautiful comparison, " The wolf also shall dwell
with the lamb, and the leopard shall lie down
with the kid, and calf and the young lion
and the falling together, and a little child shall
lead them." And when our Holy Redeemer came
on the earth, He pronounced blessings on the
meek, the merciful, and the peacemaker — on
tho-e qualities which are the most antagonistic
to the spirit of war; and the commands He
gave to his disciples can in no way be made to
harmonize with warlike measures.
These commands are so clear and positive,
that no language could be used which would
couvince one that rejects their authority. We
greatly desire that the professing Church of
Christ would accept his instructions accoriling
to their plain and distinct meaning, instead of
exercising their ingenuity in explaining away,
and making his words of no eflect.
You and we, dear Christian brethren, can
scarcely differ in the belief, that our Lord's Ser-
mon on the Mount is designed to hold a very
prominent place in his recorded teachings. In
this is frequently enforced the view, that, what-
ever might have been allowable under the " old
covenant," the animusofthat dispensation which
Christ had ushered into the world is love to God
and love to man in their fullest application.
Could the spirit which breathes through that
marvellous utterance of Divine wisdom and love
but enter into and possess our hearts, there
would, we are persuaded, be left no disposition
to uphold war with all its horrors; still less the
motives and the passions which must prevail in
order to make war possible.
The speedy abandonment of this most un-
christian method of settling differences between
civilized nations rests to day, as we firmly be-
lieve, with the professing Christian Church,
which has so long given it an implied, and too
often, a hearty support. The responsibility for
its continuance thus entails a burden, from which
she should fervently seek to be delivered. Shall
not we, then, who acknowledge ourselves fol-
lowers of the Lamb of God, be so true to Him,
his plain precepts and his example, that the
heathen shall no longer be stumbled by the
action of so-called Christian nations, nor the
sceptic or the scoffer find the ample material
which is now afl^orded for their thrusts and sneers
at our holy religion. All who love the Lord
Jesus Christ in sincerity will then rejoice in
a new and powerful bond of union with one
another, which, in the present weak and incon-
sistent attitude of the Church regarding war, is
not possible. With a clear, fresh message of
" peace on earth and good will toward men"
thrilling the breasts of Christian believers every-
where, the work of the world's conversion would
go more rapidly forward, and that happy day,
foretold by the prophet Isaiah, be hastened, when
" nation shall not lift up sword against nation,
neither shall they learn war any more."
Boys' Brigade.s.
In all brotherly freedom, we would call your
very serious attention to the organizations known
as " Boys' Brigades," which have been recently
introduced in many congregations, and have
met with a dangerous popularity. Let us con-
sider whether there are not tendencies and con-
sequences inseparable from them which are in-
imical to the highest interests of our youth, and
the true work of the Church.
With the inculcation of prompt obedience to
superiors, is there not fostered a love of arbitrary
jjower in the boys who command? Is not an
admiration for martial display begotten by the
parade and the trappings which are part of the
outfit of the Brigade? Do these not n)inister
to the pride and vanity of human nature, which
so early assert themselves, and, viewed from the
Christian standpoint, need no stimulus? Will
not the precision and efficiency with which large
numbers move under the control of one or more
leading minds, give an under estimate as to the
value or necessity for military service in the
administration of civil government? And is
not the general tendency of such training as is de-
rived through the Boys' Brigade, to lead away
from the (iospel view of the Church, its right-
ful service, the nature of that conflict with siu
and error to which it is indeed called, and the
method by which it is to be carried on, whereof
the Apostle Paul declares, "The weapons of our
warfare are not carnal, but mighty through
God to the pulling down of strongholds, cast-
ing down imaginations and every high thing
that exalteth itself against the knowledge of
God, and bringing into captivity every thought
to the obedience of Christ."
If the system has these tendencies, unfavora-
ble to moral and religious welfare, of how little
comparative value are the discipline and phy-
sical advantages claimed for it ! and how direct-
ly does it conflict with the principle involved
in the command of our Saviour, "Seek first the
kingdom of God and the righteousness thereof."
THE FRIEND.
EIGFITH MONTH 1.5. 1896.
The attention of our readers is called to the
"Appeal " in regard to war, recently addressed
by our Meeting for Sufferings to professing
Christians. It was the outcome of a concern
over the large amount of a military spirit which
exists among our fellow citizens. In the lan-
guage of a judicious Friend in England, "It is
a brotherly and respectful persuasion on behalf
of the Christian principles concerned." Al-
though the class especially addressed, are rather
impervious to such appeals, yet we must hope
that some good will be effected ; and we would
encourage our renders to procui-e copies (which
may be had gratuitously at our book store, 304
Arch Street, Phila.,) and hand them to such
persons as they may hope will be benefited
thereby.
We have received a communication on the
subject (if Life Insurance, which refers to a
former article on this subject published in The
Friend of Sixth Month 27th. Several Friends
have expressed to the Editor their uneasiness
with the article alluded to, because they be-
lieved it showed a want of acquaintance with
the principles on which Life Insurance is now
conducted. The communication published in
the present number of The Friend seems to
us a clear and dispassionate review of the sub-
ject, not calculated to give offence even to those
who dissent from its conclusions. It would be
a relief to the Editor if his readers should feel
easy to let this subject rest for the present.
In No. 51 of the volume of The Friend re-
cently completed was published an article taken
from the Sunday School Times entitled " God's
Adoption," designed to show that the Almighty
at times overrules for good the plans and acts
of evil men, so as to make them conducive to
his own gracious purposes; and that it is a
legitimate source of comfort to those who mourn
over the wickedness that exists to indulge the
hope that He will make the wrath of man to
praise Him, and thus to " educe good out of
evil."
We have received a letter which shows that
some of our readers have been uneasy with
some of the expressions in this article, believing
that they are not sufiiciently guarded, and that
they might be understood as censuring the
mourning and lamentation which the prophet
Jeremiah felt over the sins and judgments of
32
THE FRIEND.
the people of Israel. Reference is also made to
our Saviour, who was said to be " a man of
sorrows and acquainted with grief."
We have no doubt that it is a good thing to
have such a faith in the goodness and omnipo-
tence of our Creator as may preserve us from
being too greatly moved in evil times ; yet we
believe also that a feeling of mourning and ex-
ercise on account of that which is wrong, is a
part of the discipline which the righteous are
often called upon to bear, and that in it they
are approved of by their Father in Heaven.
s ummary'of events.
United States.— About three hundred women and
girls employed as finishers at Hirsh & Brothers' um-
brella manufactory, Philad'a, are on strike in conse-
quence of a reduction in wages.
Three men were buried by the cave-in of a sewer at
Newark, N. J., on the fifth inst., and one of them —
John Conway — was killed.
A heavy windstorm struck Milwaukee, Wisconsin,
last First-day night, doing considerable damage.
Prairie fires are raging in the Comanche Indian
country, southwest of Perry, Oklahoma.
A formal call for a Convention to nominate Demo-
cratic candidates for President and Mce-President of
the United States, to meet in Indianapolis on the sec-
ond of Ninth Month, was issued on the seventh inst.
by the Provisional National Committee of Honest
Money Democrats, which met in Indianapolis. Thirty-
three States were represented at the Conference.
Fusion with the Prohibitionists prevailed in the
Populist State Convention in Georgia last week. Pro-
hibition was made the leading plank of the platform,
and a Prohibitionist, S. A. Wright, was nominated for
Governor.
The Coroner's jury investigating the railroad disas-
ter at .\tlantic City, N. J., in which forty -four persons
lost their lives, returned three verdicts. The jury
found Farr, the dead engineer, blamable for the acci-
dent in not giving heed in time to tlie semaphore
signals and not having his train under proper control
when approaching the crossing. Towerman Hauser
was also censured for giving the excursion train the
right of way over a fast express.
The Greenbackers in the Repulican party of Schuyl-
kill County, Pa , boiled, and held a meeting in Potts-
ville on Sixth-day the 7th inst. Wm. VVilhelm, of
Pottsville, and other former prominent Republican
speakers discussed the bimetallic side of the money
question at considerable length. Several prominent
political leaders of the county pledged themselves to
stand by free silver.
The American Line steamer St. Louis, at New York,
on the seventh inst. from Southampton, reduced the
time between the two ports three hours. She sailed
on Seventh-d.iy the 1st, at 12.20 p. M., and was at her
dock on the seventh at 1.40 p. M.
Thirty-three deaths were reported in Philadelphia
as a result of the excessive heat on Sixth and Seventh-
days, the 8th and 9th insts. The maximum tempera-
ture, 96.2 degrees, the highest for the year, was re-
corded at 4.30 o'clock, First-day afternoon. There
were many prostrations, some probably fatal.
The heat caused the death of six persons in Chicago
on Seventh-day the eighth inst. In St. Louis there
were lifteen deaths.
The American National Bank, of New Orleans,
closed its doors on the sixth inst., having been unable
on the previous night to meet its engagements with
the Clearing House. It had a capital of $104,000,
and, according to the last reports to the Comptroller
of the Currency, owed depositors $3.50,000, and had
borrowed $l(iO,000.
A wild man, who wears a high hat trimmed with
feathers, is roaming the woods near Ilammonton, N.
J., to the terror of the inhabitants.
The wheat and oat crops in West Virginia are re-
ported to have been "almost wholly destioyed by the
incessant rains."
Chancellor Nicholson, in Dover, Delaware, on the
tenth inst., decided adversely to the defendants in the
habeas cor()U3 proceedings in behalf of the " Single
Taxers" in jail there. One of the prisoners only was
rele:ised on a technicality.
Itis estimated that 1,000,000 bicycles have already
been manufactured in this country this year.
Seventeen deaths and fcirty-six prostration from
the heat were reported in Philadelphia on the tenth
inst. The maximum temperature for the day was
92.9 degrees.
At Bridesburg, Philadelphia, three young women
and two young men were drowned under the Pennsyl-
vania bridge over the Delaware river during the vio-
lent wind storm that swept the city on First-day night.
Fifty thousand men and women crowded the streets
to welcome William J. Bryan Democratic Candidate
for President, on his arrival in Chicago on Seventh-
day last.
Deaths in this city last week numbered 490, which
is 43 less than the previous week, and 13 more than
the corresponding week of last year. Of the fore-
going, 164 were under one year of age ; 2-53 were
males and 237 females: 86 died of cholera infantum ;
50 of consumption ; 30 of marasmus ; 23 of inflamma-
tion of the stomach and bowels; 18 of inanition ; 17
of inflammation of the brain ; 17 of inflammation of
the lungs ; 14 of heart disease; 14 of apoplexy ; 13 of
old age; 12 of convulsions; 11 of diphtheria; 11 of
typhoid fever ; 11 from casualties, and 9 of inflamma-
tion of the kidnevs.
Markets, &c. —' U. S. 2's, 92 a 94 ; 4's, reg., 105?r a
106i; coupon, 106 a 107; new 4's, reg., lllj a 112i;
coupon, llli a 112J; 5's, reg., 109J a llOJ ,' coupon,
109i a 110} ; currency 6's, 100 a lOo.
Cotton. — Middling uplands officially quoted at 8Jc.
per pound.
Feed.— Spot bran, $10.00 a $11.50 for winter in
bulk, and $10.00 a $10.50 per ton for spring in sacks.
Flour.— Winter super, $1.90 a $2.15; do., extras,
$2.15 a $2.30 ; Pennsylvania roller, clear, $2.75 a $3.00 ;
do., do., straight, $3.00 a $3.25 ; Western winter, clear,
$2.75 a $3.00; do., do., straight, $3.00 a $3.25; do.,
do., patent, $3.35 a $3.-55 ; spring, clear, $2.50 a $2.75 ;
do., straight, $3.15 a $3.30 ; do., patent, $3.35 a $3.65 ;
do., favorite brands, higher. City mills, extra, $2.00
a $2.25; do., clear, $2.85 a $3.10; do., straight, $3.20
a $3.40 ; do., patent, $3.50 a $3.80. Rye Flour was
in limited request, but steady, at $2 40 per barrel for
choice Penn'a.
Grain.— No. 2 red wheat, 60 J a 61c.
No. 2 mixed corn, 29| a 29ic.
No. 2 white oats, 24 a 25c.
Beef Cattle. — Extra, 4 1 a 4J ; good, 4| a 4.}c.;
medium, 4J a 4|c.; common, 3| a 4c.; fat cows, 2} a
3Jc.; thin cows, $8 a $18; veal calves, 3.} a 5^c.;
niih'h cows, $20 a $45 ; dressed heeve-i, 5 a 7ic. . '
Sheep and Lambs.— Extra, 3i a 4c.; good,"3i a3Jc.;
medium, 3 a 3|c.; common, 2J a 2|c.; culls, la 2}c. ;
lamhs, 3 a 6c.
Hogs.— 5^ a 5|c. for Western, and 4| a 5c. for State.
Foreign. — "England," writes the London coires-
pondent of the New York Tribune, " has declined with
dignity to do police duty fur the Sultan in Crete. The
proposal for international action there, like the pro-
ject for a concert of the Powers on the Armenian ques-
tion, came from Vienna, but the proud nation which
was duped then is now on the alert. Lord Salisbury,
in refusing to commit England to the senseless arid
immoral policy of taking part in a blockade of Crete,
has the moral sense of the nation behind him.
The German Press, especially the Bismarckian and
Conservative organs, are particularly sore over what
was practically therefusal of Lord Salisbury the British
Prime Minister, to join in a blockade of Crete and his
alleged championing of Greece and theCretans. These
papers have been at a loss to find epithets strong enough
to denounce Great Britain for her refusal to join in a
joint naval blockade of Crete to prevent ihe insurgents
from obtaining arms, ammunition and other supplies.
Despatches from Yokohama and Tokio, Japan, say
that the observations of the eclipse of the sun were
very successful.
It is said that in Ihe great battle fought near Bay-
amo Cuba, Colonel Seguros's Spanish column was
complelely routed by the Rebel Chief Rabi. The
Government loss in killed, wounded and missing was
more than two hundred men. In a machete charge
Rabi's Cuban cavalry captured a mounted howitzer
and a small Catling gun. The Spanish authorities
are endeavoring to suppress details of the disaster.
The leading medical societies of Paris and Germany
have published a protest against the evils of excessive
coffee-drinking. These evils, they declare, are almost
as serious as those of alcoholism, and the victim of
excessive cofl^ee-drinking finds the habit as hard to
overcome as does the victim of alcohol. The circular
protests against the use of coflTee by growing children,
which it claims is becoming more common every vear.
The symptoms of coff'eepoisoning are insomnia, de-
pression of spirits, lack of appetite, and nausea.
It is said that vast gold fields have been discovered
in the Orange Free State on the banks of the Vaal
river.
The number of women students at the Berlin Uni-
versity has decreased during the last half year from
sixty to thirty-five, the reason given being the diflicul.
ty of admission and the necessity of renewal every
half year.
RECEIPTS.
Unless otherwise specitied, two dollars has been re-
ceived from each person, paying for vol. 70.
William H. Gibbons, Pa.; Henry B. Leeds, Agent,
N. J., $14 for Samuel L. Allen, John M. Roberts, ',
Ebenezer Roberts, Anne W. Leeds, Benjamin M.
Haines, and John W. Buzby, N. J., and Giles Sat- ■
terthwaite. Pa.; Charles Jones, Gtn.; Sarah Huestis, i
Agent, O., $20 for Elizabeth Bowman, Lydia J. Bye,
Mary L. Crew, Edna P. Dean, Ja.son Fawcett, Amy
John, Eliza Smith, Hannah B. Smith, David Smith
and Richard Edgerton; Rebecca P. Brooks, Phila.; '
Samuel S. Cowgill, Cal.; Benj. H. Lightfoot, Pa.;
Wm. W. Hazard, Agent, N. Y., $12, for himself, I. P.
Hazard, Hazard Library, Persis E. Hallock, Elisha
Cook and Charles Otis; Sarah E. Haines and Suse
L. Haines, Pa.; Elmira S. Deats, N. J.; Thomas
Downing, Pa.; Deborah Baldwin, Pa.; John G. Hoyle,
Kans.; Thomas E. Smith, Agent, la., for Emily Hoge,
Joshua p. Smith, David Sears and R. Anna Painter;
Joseph W. Lippincott, Phila., and for Richard H.
Reeve, N. J.; Eilward Reeve, Phila.; Eliza J. Barton,
Phila.; Jos. N. Truman, Jr. $4.50 for extra papers. The
George School and Library Ass'n of Friends, Phila; :
AnnaV.Edge, Pa., $6 for herself, Abram S. Ashbridge
and Joseph Harrison ; Anna Pancoast, Pa.; Thomas .i:
D. Hoops, Pa.; Geo. Russell, N. J.; Mary E. Branson, j
Phila., per Dr. Wm. C. Stokes; Martha D. Allen, !
Phila., $10 for herself, Amos W. House, Benj. S.
House, Lewis H Waller and Marshall J. Walter ; R.
C. Larkin, Pa.; Charles Darnell, N. J.; Jonathan E. .
Rhoads and for George A. Rhoads, Del.; Ellis Smed- ;
ley, Pa., and fur Mary S. Ward ; George Blackburn, ,
Agent, O , $46 for himself, Anne C. Blackburn, Sarah .j
J. Bonsall, Edward Bonsall, Annie C. Bonsall, Jona- i
than Briggs; Martha J. Cook, Clarkson S. French, i
Thomas F. Fawceit, Catharine Fawcett, Joseph Faw- j
cett, Barzillai French, Martha H. French, Charles
Gamble, C. I. Hayes, Albert Hayes, Finley Hutton,
Stephen Hodgin, Amy J. Morian, Edward Stratton,
John M. Stratton, Catharine M. Thomas and Sarah T.
Williams; Jesse Dewees, Agent, O., $13 for Patience
Fawcett, David Masters, Martha Milhous, Rachel
Harmer, Jason Penrose, Thomas Llewelyn and $1
for Thomas Dewees, Kans.; Elizabeth D. Meredith,
Pa.; Martha T. Cox, Phila.; D. D. Maris, Del.; J. E.
Mason, Gm., and for Jonas Edge, Kans.; Thomas W.
Newby, Ind., and for Josiah Walthall, Ind.; B. F.
Starbuck, Agent, O., $34 for himself, John Starbuck,
Israel Sieer, Nathan Steer, Elisha B. Steer, Lindley
B. Steer, Wilson J. Steer, Israel Sidwell, Lindley
M. Brackin, Edmund Bundy, Asenath Bundy, Martha
Binns, Joseph P. Luptoii, Jacob Maule, Oliver S.
Negus, Lindley Hall and Elizabeth Raley ; J. B.
Jones, Gtn.; Rufus Churchill, Nova Scolia ; Sidney
Garrigues, Pa.; Peter Thomson, Gtn. ; James H.
Moon, Pa., and for Everett Moon, Minn., and Dr.
W. W. Mom, N. Y.; Richard S. Griffith, Phila.;
Martha R. Newkirk, Phila.; William B. Moore, Pa.,
$5 for himself, Mary V. Eavenson, and $1 for A. W.
Moore, to No. 27, vol. 70.
S&'liemittances received after Third-day evening will
not appear in the Receipts until the following week.
NOTICES
Westtown Boarding School. — The next term
will commence on Third day. Ninth Month Ist. Ap-
plications for the admission of pupils should be made
to William F. Wickersham, Principal.
Westtown, Chester Co., Pa.
Friends' Select School will re open Ninth Month
21st, 1896. Catalogues will be sent, or other informa-
tion will be furnished upon application.
J. Henry Bartlett, Sup't.
140 North Sixteenth Street,
Philadelphia.
Western Qdarterly Meeting of Friends.— The
train leaving Broad Street Station Philadelphia, at
7.17 A. M. on the Twenty-first inst. will be met at West
Grove to convey, (free of charge) those desiring to at-
tend the Western Quarterly Meeting of Friends to be
held at London Grove, Pa.
Trueman C. Moore, I ^
Geo. R. Chambers, | Committee.
WILLIAM H. PILE'S SONS, PRINTERS,
No. 422 Walnut Street.
THE FRIEND.
A Religions and Literary Journal.
VOL. LXX.
SEVENTH-DAY, EIGHTH MONTH 22, 1896.
No. 5.
PUBLISHED WEEKLY.
Price, if paid in advance, $2.00 per annum.
Subscriptions, payments and biisin^ss communicatiom
received by
Edwin P. Sellew, Publisher,
No. 207 Walnut Place,
(S )uth from Walnut Street, between Third and Fourth,)
PHILADELPHIA.
Articles designed /or insertion to be addressed to
JOSEPH WALTON,
MooKESTOWN, Burlington Co., N. J.
Entered as second-class matter at Philadelphia P. O.
liary and Letters of Deborah Brooks Webb.
(Continued from page 26.)
1852. — Ninth Month .5th. — At Parkersville.
ilent Meeting. Saw dear teacher Elizabeth
'Walter). She is to be married now in the
iourse of a few weeks. May she enjoy the bless-
ag of heaven upon her. Dear ^Minerva (Webb),
nd family were so kind to me, coming over
ar me and then taking me back, also taking
je about while there. I do hope the teacher
(/ill succeed in that school to satisfaction.
12th. — Silent meeting. I resolve and re-re-
Qlve, but never obey. Much company here.
Ibram Gibbons here to tea. He reminds me
J much of dear father. I mean to try to be
I bedient. My heart is so wicked ; none but God
I an help me, and my Saviour; cast me not off,
I beseech of thee.
' 19th. — I do almost despair of ever giving up
ay all to Him that calls. I read that they
■ which resist shall receive to themselves darana-
ion." I am like the Jews of old, "stiff-necked
ind uncircumcised in heart and ears; ye do al-
} cays resist the Holy Ghost." I am like Simon
>f old, in the " gall of bitterness and in the bond
if iniquity." Oh, I would, Holy Father, that
hou siiouldst change me. Thou art all-p^iwer-
ul ; why need I be thus so long. Though thy
nercy must be nearly wearied out, oh, continue
■ t yet longer, and save me. I can't do it.
Dear Hannah Gibbons spoke in meeting. I
eel that the most of the encouragement belongs
0 another dear Friend, but as I was not re-
iroved, it may be that I can take a little of the
;ncouragement. She commenced with, " Our
Saviour, when upon earth, commanded the
nultitude to sit on the ground to be fed," de-
iiiring that we might be willing to be lowly,
ilso reminding us that the hungering state was
jlessed, quoting the passage, " Blessed are they
.vhich do hunger and thirst after righteousness,
'or they shall be filled." In the latter part
iddressed a tried mind, " Behold the Lord's
band is not shortened, that it cannot save,
aeither has his ear grown heavy, that it cannot
bear." " Why sayest thou, oh Jacob, and speak-
JSt, 0, Israel. My way is hid from the Lord,
a.nd my judgment is past over from my God."
■'He giveth power to the faint, and to them
that have no might He increaseth strength."
She thought some were ready to say, " My
leanness, oh, my leanness." seems to have
a feeling of duty to take charge of the Indian
farm at Tunesassa. I hope he may be blessed.
26th. — Dear little Francis Wood deceased
last evening about, or a little after nine o'clock,
of congestion of the lungs. It must be a great
bereavement to his parents. He was a very
bright and active child. Poor J. and Susan
deserve the sympathy of their friends, amidst
all their complicated trials.
Silent meeting, but it felt good to me, the
latter part of it, though I was so unworthy, so
wicked when I went, the latter part of the
meeting I thought of a dream, which I had
on Sixth-day morning. I had often had dreams
that showed me the danger I was in, and on
going to bed that night under some anxious
thoughts, I wished that I could be favored
with a comforting dream, but I concluded I
was too wicked to be comforted. In the morn-
ing, when I woke, I had dreamed I had three
little birds on my hand trying to get free. I
had caught them in a house while trying to get
out of a closed window. They nearly escaped
many times from me. It was my intention to
let them go, when I got to the door. On awak-
ing, I could not make out whether it meant
comfort or warning. In meeting it came into
my mind that these little birds were three of
us young people in this meeting, that the Saviour
had laid his hand upon, to rescue us from
death ; that it was his intention to set us at
liberty (the true liberty), when He had brought
us to the right state. It is such a comfort to
think that He will keep us in his hand till He
gets us to the right place to liberate ; that it is
his intention to keep us. Oh ! Holy Father,
make me truly thine. John P. Balderson in-
tends having an appointed meeting here this
afternoon. I am so glad. He has been here,
and some young friends, and it seems to me it
is stubborn self was too kindly dealt with.
Dear William Kite came nearest the point. I
know, sad indeed is my state. I wish that I
need not trouble my friends any more.
29th. — One month ago dear Phebe W. Roberts
was at our meeting. " Tell me, oh, thou whom
my soul lovest, where thou feedest, where thou
makest thy flock to rest at noon, for why
should I be as one that turneth aside, by the
flocks of thy companions."
This morning opened a concern to go
to the Indian settlement at Tunesassah, and he
and his wife were liberated.
Dear Mary Kite opened a concern, which
had for some time rested with her to visit the
families of West Chester Preparative Meeting.
How many favors!
Tenth Month 3rd. — Surely the Lord is mer-
ciful in dealing with me, a poor sinner and re-
bellious. Our dear friend Margaret Morton
deceased on Fourth-day night. She was so
gentle always. I think I never saw her temper
ruffled by angry passions in the least. Her
words so gentle, her spirit so lamb-like, through
all her sufferings. May her example be long
remembered by me. spoke, quoting the
parable of the two sons sent to work in the
vineyard. One said, " I go, but went not."
This is poor me. I say by my dress " I go,"
but go not in heart. I do feel more of a wil-
lingness. Am I not willing?
10th. spoke. My mind was occupied
too much with outward things, not enough on
God. May I strive to come before God, and
earnestly crave power to resist Satan, the cruel
enemy, when he comes with the sons of God as
in Job's days, and may I strive to say like little
Samuel of old, "speak, Lord, for thy servant
heareth."
" Lift up your heads, oh ye gates, and be ye
lifted up, ye everlasting doors, and the King of
Glory shall come in. Who is this King of
Glory ? The Lord, strong and mighty ; the
Lord, mighty in battle." I will try to seek to
Him to strive against the cruel enemy for me.
Fifth-day. — I had thought the meeting would
have closed in silence, when appeared in
a most solemn supplication, giving thanks for
sending faithful laborers amongst us, also de-
siring that all might bow before the Most High.
I hope I may try more and more to bow my
neck wholly to the yoke, and not to be so stiff-
necked. I know I have tried more since.
16th. — A sweet prayer from dear H. Gibbous
for the aged, the middle aged and the young.
Oh, may my eyes be more and more anointed
with eye salve to see the beauty of holiness,
and may I be more and more willing to give
up my will and walk lowly and hold out pa-
tiently and in faith to the end.
also spoke from the request of Caleb's
daughter, " Thou hast given me a south land ;
give me also springs of water. Oh, that I who
am here, blessed with a comfortable and favored
situation, highly favored, may I desire more
earnestly for springs of water, springs of living
water to nourish my soul.
Dear Mary Kite has been with us the last week
visiting families. It has been my privilege to wait
upon her some, and to sleep with her. I wish I
could be as good as, dear Hannah Gibbons. She
had a sitting in our family on Fifth-day after-
noon. May I be faithful to deny self and take
up the cross. I had desired to have ray mind
delivered from a care or desire of going to
Westtown (as a teacher), during the time this
dear friend was with us, and that passage
spoken helps me much, " The lot is cast into
the lap, but the whole disposing thereof is of
the Lord."
Under this date, the following beautiful lines
are found in her diary.
Love of Jesus 1
As when a child secure from barms
Hangs at the mother's breast;
Safe folded in her anxious arms.
Receiving food and rest.
And while, tbro' many a painful path.
The travelling parent speeds,
The fearless babe with passive faith
Lies still, and yet proceeds.
Should some short start his quiet break.
He fondly strives to fling
His little arms about her neck,
.■Vnd closer seems to cling!
34
THE FRIEND.
Poor child ! maternal love alone
Preserves thee first and last ;
Thy parent's arms, and not thy own,
Are those that hold ihee fast.
So souls that would to Jesus cleave,
And hear his secret call.
Must every fair pretension leave,
And let the Lord be all ;
Keep close to me, thou helpless sheep.
The Shepherd softly cries ;
Lord ! tell me " what 'lis close to keep,"
The listening sheep replies.
Thy whole dependence on me fix,
Nor entertain a thought.
Thy worthless schemes with mine to mix,
fiut venture to be naught 1
Food self-direction is a reef —
Thy strength, thy wisdom flee.
When thou art nothing in thyself.
Thou then, art close to me.
18th. — One year ago my dear father de-
ceased. Many were my cries at that time and
many my desires to be made better. I felt that
I was not ready to die, am I any better now ?
I think I have lately, through condescending
mercy, been more willing to take up the cross
to be anything or nothing.
24th. spoke from the text, where some
of the newly convinced, when queried with
whether they had received the Holy Ghost,
answered, " We have not so much as heard,
whether there be any Holy Ghost." It is that
holy indwelling principle given to every man,
that teaches when to hate sin and makes them
desire to be pure ; it leads them to God, to look
at the Saviour whom they have praised, and
seeking Him to have their sins washed away.
They must feel for it every day, and it will
lead them into the path that the vulture's eye
hath not seen, into that path of humility and
nothingness in the world's estimation, which
the worldly wise hath not seen nor can see ; it
is that which can discern our thoughts and the
intents of our hearts, and show us our sins.
Oh ! may I wait upon it more earnestly every
day, and depend more upon it to teach me.
Oh, that I might be worthy to have the Holy
Ghost poured out on me, as it was on some for-
merly, not to make me great, but to wrap me
up in a pure love to God, and make me hate all
sin. Keep me, oh! Holy Father, and save me
for thy mercy's sake.
Elizabeth Hayes has deceased. She seemed
to be in the bloom of health. Dear Morris
Cope spoke at the ground, reminding us of the
way in which we might have our peace " flow
as a river," saying it was through disobedience
to the still, small voice that we were prevented
from having it so to flow. Dear Phebe W.
Roberts spoke nearly to the same effect, also
mentioning that this dear young Friend had
passed through much suffering of body, but that
she said her mental suffering was much more
than her bodily. Some Friends told me that
the shroud was bound round with white silk an
inch or more wide, they (and I could feel with
them), were very sorry that "Friends " had so
got into the customs of the world and were giv-
ing up the cross. I felt sorry to hear that the
whole of the body was exposed to view. I hope
if it should please my Heavenly Father to take
me soon from this world, that my friends would
put the worthless remains in a plain coffin,
shrouded in a muslin garment plainly gathered
round the neck.
27th. — Monthly Meeting. It was such a
good one. Dear Phebe W. Roberts here, and
spoke first, warning the young, saying that the
trumpet seemed to spund loijder an,d louder.
entreating them to bow low before God, speak-
ing of the time when the trumpets were sounded
around the walls of the ancient cities and that
every man's prayer was unto his God.
Then William Kite spoke, also warning the
young, entreating us not to harden our hearts,
bear Mary Kite also supplicated for us all. Oh,
that I may be favored to bow low and be noth-
ing. I am determined to. Then dear Phebe
felt constrained to speak again, and some Friend
was encouraged to follow the leadings of the
Lord, "Put "on strength in the name of the
Lord and journey forward, thou hast encom-
passed this mountain long enough. How in-
structive, how confirming. was favored
to make me feel more deeply than before.
Oh, that I may bow low and be willing to
be nothing. Thou only. Oh, Holy Father,
can do it; be merciful unto me, and cleanse
me and purify nie. When I am tempted to
throw aside the cross in company, may I be re-
minded of this passage, " It is the Lord ; let
him do what seemeth Him good." How en-
couraging it is to me, what a comfort that my
Saviour is still merciful to me. " A bruised reed
will He not break and smoking flax will He
not quench till He bring forth judgment unto
victory." Oh, that He would enable me to be vic-
torious over my many and grievous sins. Oh,
bow me lowly down and enable me to obey, so
that I can in truth seek to thee, to show me my
sins and enable me to use the language, " Search
me and know my thoughts ; search me, and see
if there be any wicked way in me." Refine me,
in thy furnace, in thy seventh furnace.
In the last meeting dear H. G., again en-
couraged the young Friends to bow low. If some
little portion of all this good should only be for
me, poor, unworthy me. On Sixth-day afternoon
the committee met, and I believe they were sat-
isfied. I am thankful. How willing, though
wicked I am to feel set up with it. How wil-
ling to receive honors from men, whether it has
been given me or not. A verse in the Bible
has in some measure brought me a little more
lowly. " How can ye believe, which receive
honor from men, and seek not the honor which
cometh from God only." Save me yet, oh. Holy
Father, though so prone to sin.
(To be continued.)
It seems almost incredible that a family of
plants such as the Leguminosre, which includes
peas, beans, vetches and so many wholesome
things, should also harbor plants eminently in-
jurious to animal life. It was on this account
that doubts were for years freely expressed as
to the accuracy of the oljservations of Western
cattlemen, that plants of the genus Astragalus,
and its relatives, were the cause of the craziness
and death of animals which fed on them. The
observations were at length so conclusive, that
one especially. Astragalus moUissima, is general-
ly regarded as a very great enemy to cattle
raisers, and to the raiser of horses especially.
I It now appears that plants of the same natural
order have in Australia the same virulence. A
very beautiful shrubby legume, called Temple-
tonia, not far removed from our Crotalaria, and
the Lupines, has been found very deadly. An
English woman took it for a relative of the
English broom, and made an infusion for troub-
les the broom is supposed to help-jaundice being
one of them. One cupful of the infusion pro-
duced death within an hour. It has been said
that our Lujiine is not wholly a safe plant, and
this behavior of its relative does not help its re-
Riitation. — The Independent.
For "The Friend.'
German Correspondence.
A passage from a letter written by our lively
correspondent, E. S. Kite, throws some light on
the sleeping habits of the Germans. She was
boarding at a country house, on the mountain-,
side, near St. Andreasberg. She says :
When we came up yesterday, we found
everything ready for us, and I wish thee could
have seen the beds, they were so high I I in-
vestigated, and found they expected us to sleep
between two feather beds, both immense! I
explained my being used to the mattress, and
preferred a thinner cover. The woman was
amazed ; but said, of course, if I wished ; so they
were changed. This morning she met us with
an anxious inquiry, if we really were warm
enough, and said her husband could not believe
it possible, but was sure we must " tot gefroren,"
which means literally frozen to death.
St. Andreasberg is a charming, quaint little
town, with winding, crooked streets that wander
up and down the steep mountain sides, so thai
through many I am sure no wagon would dare
venture, even if they were wide enough. The
roofs are all red, and to day I learned that the
upper stories of them all were barns. It is
haying time, and the mountain sides are alive
with people, mostly women and girls, and the
loads they carry seem incredible — really one
only sees the feet, so that they look like walk-
ing hay-stacks.
At Nordhausen I took a cup of coffee at the
station, and ate my breakfast in peace, then
started to explore. Nothing suits me better than
to be alone with my Baedecker (guide book),
and to find my way about in such an old town.
Were a German along I should not get to see
so much, because they would not talk so to the
common people as I can do, being a stranger.
Nordhausen is very, very old. I wandered along
the streets from one to another, and whenever
I saw one that was narrower and more winding
I turned into it. Every little while there would
be a passage between the houses, simply a flight
of winding stone steps, up which I would ven-
ture and after turning more corners, going along
passages, and climbing more steps, I would come
out on the street above. As I wandered along
in this way, I came to a great thick wall, with
a high tower, and about the sides were Hebrew
inscriptions in stone. Of course I was curious,
and ran up a flight of steps at the side, and
there round a corner I saw two women washing.
I questioned thera.and they very willingly told
me that the old tower and wall was not a part
of the town wail, but a Jewish enclosure, and
the tower was used for a temple. This was
probably in the days when the Jews were so
persecuted. As I showed much interest, they
offered to show me the interior, and I gladly
accepted. There were two families living in
the tower, one above and the other below. The
walls were at least from four to five feet thick,
and the little windows let only a dim light
into the rooms. I gave the woman twenty
phenning for the children, which seemed to
please her, and she sent her little boy with me
to another tower, from which I had a splendid
view of the town.
But the most interesting thing in Nordhausen
is the old cathedral, built in 936, or at least
begun then by the widow of Heinrich I., kaiset
of Germany. He followed with one exception
the descendants of Charlemagne. My Baedec-
ker speaks of its objects of interest, so naturally
that was one of my first objective points. I
came to the wall surrounding the cathedral,
nd after some search found a gate that was station to meet I — , and on the way I found
ot looked, and entered into the graveyard more quaint streets and narrow passages, and
'hich surrounds the building. Once more it came by the old Katlihouse, with a hideous red
THE FRIEND.
35
to me as though I had been dropped down
ito the middle of the flfth century. I scarcely
ared tread on the stones, for fear the noise
light waken some mysterious shade — the cathe-
ral itself looked so old — the massive towers
nd the arches of the cloisters, then the doors
^ere covered with iron bands crossing in all
irectious to keep them together. As I wan-
ered about in front of the cloister, a little
ead appeared from a window up above, and a
hild's voice asked if I wished to go over the
luilding. I answered in the affirmative, and
?a8 told to enter by a certain door, and there
would find her grandfather. I followed her
irection, and on opening the massive door,
ame into the great building. The first im-
iression was of barrenness — the cold white
rails, the stone floors, with recumbent figures
;arved therein, worn almost smooth by the feet
f the multitude in all the years; then the gro-
esque carvings in stone of knights and bishops,
Vho had so sought to perpetuate their fame.
Soon I saw a bent old man, with a few remain-
ng white hairs, tottering towards me. I soon
learned that he was quite deaf, and ray voice
►aised the echoes in the quaint old building as
spoke with him; his kindly face and manner
von ray heart at the firet instant, and we be-
ame very good friends before we parted. I
xplained that I was deeply interested in every-
hing old, was charmed with Nordhausen, and
.Vanted to see everything that he could show
hie. He then asked me to look about while he
'.vent for the keys. Of course there were pic
!,ures and altars all about, of whose respective
tralues he informed me. The one word that was
lilways on his tongue was the " heilige Matilda "
[Saint M), it was she who built the cathedral,
ind she who had founded its greatness — and
the old man grew quite eloquent as he told of
oheir former splendor. "Ach! Fraulein," he
said "es ist alles so anders jetzt " (it is so dif-
ferent now). The choir was decorated by very
interesting old carvings in wood, and on one
of the high altar was a wood carving of
heilige Matilda," bearing a model of her
^aeloved cathedral, and on the other the " heilige
Helena," the mother of Constantine (I did not
tell him my own opinion in regard to her sanc-
tity 1, bearing a cross. My old guide told me
that it was she who had found the holy cross.
Down below in the crypt it was so dark that
we had to have a candle. The choir is directly
above, and the floor is supported by massive,
low columns. In the crypt is buried an old
I 'knight who was assassinated while hearing the
[mass before the altar there. As we came up
iinto the warm sunshine, I felt glad. The weight
'of all the centuries seemed to press upon one
I there in the gloom. He showed me the gorgeous
! costumes of the priests— gold and silver brocade
velvets, and the heaviest fabrics wrought with
gold. Before I went he gave me his blessing
and hoped I would come safely home to my
friends. He told me that he was so lonely.
" Ach Fraulein," he said " ich bin so einsam
jetzt," then he explained that his old wife and
only son had lately died. She was too old to
work, except do a little knitting, but when he
went home, she was there, and now there were
ouly the grandchildren, and he was So lonely
And then he wanted to know ray family his
tory, and if my parents lived, and where I came
from, all of which I told him. I would have
staid longer, but I had to hurry back to the
and yellow '• Rowland " column and a beautiful
Luther fountain. From Nordliauseu it was a
short way by train to Kelbra, there we took a
carriage, and a two hours' ride brought us up
to the famous ruin, and the new monument to
Kaiser Wilhelra on the top of the highest of
the Kyffhauser range.. There were three men
in the same conveyance witii us, and dozens of
other carriages and carts, for this is now one
of the most visited places in the country. The
Kyffhauser range is an isolated spur belonging
to the Thuriuger forest rather, than the Harz,
and rising about a thousand feet from the plains,
densely wooded, and several of the heights
crowned by beautiful ruins. But the most in-
teresting of all is the one oa which this colossal
monument is being erected. You know the le-
gend, no doubt. The Emperor Frederick, called
Barbarossa from his red beard, went on a cru-
sade to the Holy Land, and never returned,
and the people unwilling to believe that so be-
loved a ruler could die in so good a cause, ex-
plained his not returning by saying that ne had
taken refuge in the bowels of this mountain,
where he was held in a magic sleep, from which
he would waken and come forth when Germany
should once more be a glorious united nation.
This, in those old days, was a common suppo-
sition among the people, not only in relation to
Barbarossa, but to others who had unaccounta-
bly disappeared. In the wild Norse mythology,
the great one-eyed Wodan, when pursued and
overcome by the powers of darkness, took refuge
in the mountains where he slept his long winter
sleep until ready to burst forth with renewed
strength, and drive the darkness from the earth,
and so when by the introduction of Christianity
the people were forced to look up to another
deity, they could not conceive of the fact that
those they had worshipped so long did not exist
— they were all transferred from Heaven, to
dwell forever in the bosom of the mountains.
The old saying of Barbarossa was so popular
and firmly fixed in the hearts of the people,
that when the late Emperor William succeeded
in forming a united Germany, and in establish-
ing a unity of coinage of weights and measures,
and in abolishing all taxes from one little
country to another, he was looked upon as hav-
ing fulfilled the saying, and this monument was
decided to be placed upon the summit where
the old Barbarossa was supposed to sleep. On
the lower part, carved in stone, is a giant figure
of the old emperor, with his beard, that has
never ceased to grow, covering his entire body.
He is represented as just awakening, and as
being dazed by the splendor of the new empire.
Above is a colossal figure of Wm. I. on horse-
back in bronze.
We reached home after twice changing cars,
at eight o'clock. I will just add that as I sit in
the garden the odor of new mown hay comes
most deliciously to me from the meadow just
beyond. There are a dozen or so men and
girls turning the hay, and as it is dry, the latter
carry it in enormous bundles on their backs,
and bring it to the barn ; they look so happy
and contented.
From "The Indepi
Flowers in Greenland.
A young man having called on his phy-
sician, said : " Now, sir, I wish no more trifling ;
my desire is that you at once strike at the root
of my disease." " It shall be done," replied the
doctor; and lifting his cane, he smashed the
wine-decanter which stood on the table.
The finding of wild flowers blossoming on the
table-lands of Greenland and in recently bared
spots in the neve of the inland ice is one of the
greatest wonders of the arctic regions, and more
than anything else forcibly illustrates the per-
sistency with which plants will grow and flourish
in spite of what seems unfavorable environment.
One of the richest spots in this particular, which
came under the writer's notice, was that portion
of Prudhoe Land, which lies on the summit of
Greenland to the west of McCormick Bay. The
spot was reached, after infinite toil, on the twen-
ty-fifth day of July, 1892. After clambering
the steep clifls for two or more hours, the table-
land was reached. The ground was soft and
wet, and the feet sank ankle deep in pebbly
mud. Through it in all directions ran streams
and rills of the sweetest water.
At first the eye took in nothing but a seem-
ingly utterly barren region, extending some two
miles inland, and terminated in the background
by the great ice-cap, shining with a hideous
white glare, and which seemed to roll away
endlessly to the horizon. But soon, as the eyes
became accustomed to the scene, yellow spots
began to appear on the apparently barren and
muddy plain, until the whole surface fairly
glowed with golden poppies, pleasantly contrast-
ed by white flowers of the same species and by
the more modest whitlow grass. One could
scarcely walk without stepping on them, and
they grew clear to the edge of the forbidding
ice-cap. But a more wonderful spectacle was
to follow. Leaving the table-land, the writer,
with a friend and a South Greenland Eskimo
interpreter, began a tramp through the neve, or
granular ice, toward the main body of the vast
frozen sea. A quarter of a mile from the shore
a spot was come upon, perhaps three or four
hundred yards in extent, from which the gran-
ular ice was all melted. Thickly dotted over
this oasis in the frozen wilderness were poppies
and whitlow grass, potentiilas and two or three
other familiar plants, all blooming as gayly as
though no ice was near. Clumps of grass, also,
attempted to brighten the scene ; but these seem-
ed not to enjoy the situation, for, for the most
part they were sickly and pale in color.
While grass is common throughout the whole
extent of the west shore of Greenland, it is not
often found far above the arctic circle covering
the ground as it does in the United States. It
exists generally in small patches only, and where
it is seen in bright green plots of more than
usual size, it almost invariably indicates the site
of an existing or once existing Eskimo settle-
ment, and far to the north of the favorite ren-
dezvous of the musk ox. The unusual luxuri-
ance of the grass about the Eskimos settlements
is due to the careless and filthy habits of these
strange people. The five or six small stone huts
which generally constitute a settlement are rare-
ly more than a few yards apart, and each has
beside it a smaller structure for dogs. As the
nature of the soil in Greenland precludes the
raising of vegetables, the exclusive food of the
natives is, therefore, animal ; and the families,
as they pick the bones of a seal or other bes^st
reasonably clean, throw them, together with
such oflalas cannot be eaten, in a heap outside
their respective huts, where they putrify. The
settlements are invariably on sloping ground,
and the water, running down toward the sea,
36
THE FRIEND.
carries with it the rotting auiraal matter and
distributes it, a splendid fertilizer, over the ad-
jacent soil ; and so, year after year, long after
the nomadic Eskimos have departed to other
sections, the grass grows green and healthy,
showing far out to sea. At the Etah settlement,
a flourishing place in 1853 — when Dr. Kane
wintered a few miles above, in Rensselaer Bay
— but abandoned ten or twelve years ago, the
vegetation in 1892 showed no signs of a loss of
vigor, and, seemingly, the fertilizing it received
in years gone by is sufficient for many more to
come. No use is made of this grass by the Es-
kimos, except as padding in the soles of their
boots ; but the blossom of another species, one
allied to the " rabbit's-foot grass," and botani-
cally known as Eriophorum polyslachyon, and
which grows in vast quantities in low, wet places,
is put to use as punk or tinder, the cotton-like
head igniting readily from a spark from flint.
While there are no plants grown by the Es-
kimos for food purposes, there are four natives
of the arctic regions distinctly edible. One of
these, a plant which has helped to save the life
of more than one hardy explorer, is the scurvy
grass, or Cochlearea nfficinalis. Its leaves and
stems, somewhat resembling water cress, are
most refreshing to a tired and hungry man.
But while the plant bears a slight likeness to
watercress, its taste is strongly acid and almost
identical with that of sorrel. The plant grows
profusely all over Greenland, one of the first to
start in spring and one of the last to yield to
the winter blast. In the south of Greenland,
near the edge of the arctic circle but not grow-
ing far above it, is another plant esteemed as
food. It is a species of rhubarb, though not near-
ly as fine-flavored as that in cultivation in civil-
ized lands ; it is, in fact, almost insipid, with only
a slight sugge.«tion of acid.
A low creeping huckleberry, which grows
throughout the whole extent of the arctic re-
gions, affords a fruit eagerly sought for by the
Eskimos, though not nearly so much esteemed as
a speciesof ciowberry botanically known as Em-
peirum nigrum. This grows in patches, some-
times covering an acre or more in extent; and
so abundantly is the fruit borne that in August,
when ripe, the ground looks as though covered
with a black cloth. To a civilized stomach there
is little to recommend in this fruit. There appears
to be no taste to it, yielding apparently little
el.se than a mass of seeds, pulp and water; but
the Eskimos are passionately fond of the crow-
berry, and gorge themselves with the fruit as
long as it lasts. In South Greenland, where
Danish rule prevailes, the crowberry is preserved
and dried for winter use.
Of all ths forms of vegetable life in the polar
regions, mouses are apparently the most abun-
dant. Their persistence in growth under all
sorts of discouragements excites constant remark
and admiration of those who have been fortunate
enough to observe them. No obstacle seems to
surely stop their progress. How they advance
upon and bury dead glaciers and other masses
of ice, has already been noted in a previous
article; and the statement, therefore, that in
valleys from which frozen rivers have receded,
these cryptogamous plants speedily carpet with
green the desolation which had been caused by
the great ice masses, is not surprising. In Blauzy
Dael, a picturesque valley on Disco Island, the
ground moraine has been buried so deep by the
mosses that for ten miles one walks over it as
on a carpet of velvet. This class of vegetable
life, in fact, fulfils the same duty in Greenland
that other forms of plant life do in more favored
climes, and the amount of rich matter deposited
by them may be of great value in the future to
that great arctic island.
Next to mosses, lichens occupy a prominent
feature of the polar landscape. Wherever a
stone or rock is bare of earth or ice, this form
of vegetable life has obtained a foothold, and
in thousands of instances completely hides the
rocks on which they grow. The most notable
example of this are the Crimson Cliffs, famous
in every arctic story, and which extend north
from Cape York for many miles to the great
Petowik glacier. The material of these cliffs is
gray granite, but this color has long been hid-
den from human. eyes. As far as they can be
seen at sea they gleam with a dull crimson glow,
which but deepens as they are approached. The
change has been wrought by a small orange-
red lichen, which clings so closely to its rocky
home that it is impossible to dislodge it without
bringing with it some of the rock itself The
cliffs on the (vest side of Robertson's Bay are
also thickly covered with this red lichen; but,
strange to say, those on the east side are hidden
with a dull black species, said to be edible,
though Dr. Hayes in his " Long Boat Journey,"
gives it a bad character as regards healthfulness.
In noting what are usually termed the more
attractive forms of vegetation, the blooming
plants, there may be said to be three belts in
Greenland. The first of these begins at Cape
Farewell and extends northward a few hundred
miles to a point a short distance beyond Godt-
haab and just above the arctic circle. The
second belt there begins and continues to the
southern limit of Melville Bay; and the third
embraces, at least, the remainder of Greenland
which ends about the eighty-second degree north
latitude. In the first belt are found a species
of evergreen, Abies obovata, which grows to a
height of from four to eight feet ; a dwarf rhod-
odendron ; willows and birches, which lift their
heads only a few inches from the ground, but
cover a radius of several feet; and besides the
usual arctic flora, many plants which find a
home in the north New England States and in
the Dominion of Canada. Among these may
be mentioned the herbaceous dogwood.
In the second belt the evergreen tree disap-
pears along with the foreign plants, leaving the
other hardwooded plants and arctic perennials.
In the third belt the birches have vanished, and
the only hard-wooded plants remaining to brave
the rigors of the north polar climate are the
willows and huckleberries and rhododendrons.
That the birch should desert the others at Mel-
ville Bay seems inexplicable, since the experi-
ence of arctic navigators seems to tend to the
belief that from that point northward the climate
becomes no colder. Indeed, it has been claimed
by some that the further north they found them-
selves the milder the temperature grew. Wheth-
er or not this is true, it is certain that Lieutenant
Peary found that vegetation at the north ex-
tremity of Greenland, except for the birches,
was as luxuriant and abundant as at McCor-
mick Bay and its immediate surroundings.
Plentiful as are the plants in Greenland, it
is a curious fact that the colors of flowers are
mainly confined to yellow and white. Of the
more than one hundred species come upon by
the writer during his expedition there in the
summer of 1892, he found not more than a
dozen species of other hues. Of this dozen the
greater number were of varying shades of red,
one or two were blue or purple, and one purple
and white. Quoting the words of a lady ac-
quaintance, in a letter to the writer on this sub-
ject recently, " Crimson and deep rich shades'
seem too warm a hue to associate with an en- '
vironment of perpetual ice and snow."
The commonest plant is the yellow poppy.
Wherever vegetable existence is possible it is
to be found. It seems to flourish equally well
in the crevices of the rocks and in the swampy
lowlands ; in the warm sunny nooks of the up-
land, or in the spots recently laid bare by the j
ice-cap. It grows as abundantly at Indepen-
dence Bay as at Cape Farewell, and is, in fact I
one of the most pleasing features of the arctic
landscape. Next to the ubiquitous poppy is a
pale golden little flower about the size of a ten
cent piece, and which is such an utter strangei
to civilized man that it has never been burdened
with other than its botanical name Di-yas ocio
petala. Once a seeker after wild flowers cam(
upon a few specimens in the White Mountains
These were at once gathered in, and it has nevei
since been seen in that portion of the Uuiteo
States. But in Greenland it pushes the yello«
poppy hard for supremacy, and is found in th<
same situations, though in not quite the s
abundance. The whitlow grass, a large numbei
of saxifrages, buttercups and dandelions are als(
among the plentiful flowers of the arctics, anc
now and then patches of epilobiums and an oc
casional campanula are come upon.
At home flowers appeal strongly to the hean
of nearly everybody ; but in that far-off" laud
where the ice and snow gleam on every sid(
the whole year round, a deeper love is engen
dered. Even the dandelion and the buttercup
apt to be passed by at home for rarer flowers
become imbued with a rare beauty that
thrones them thereafter among the favored bios
Minute of Advice of Canada Yearly Meeting
To all our Members in Ontario and other part
of Canada. — ll is very important for the welfan
of the Society and for that of the individual
composing it, that we be preserved in love oni
towards another. In spiritual things whateve:
does not originate from God is of the Evil One
If we have not the Spirit of Christ we are nooi
of his. If we have his Spirit dwelling in us
shall obey his command, " Love one another;'
in so doing, even our enemies will be at peaa
with us. We would walk circumspectly, re
deeming the time, because the days are evi'
our words would be few and guarded ; ou
prayer would be as David's formerly, " Let tb
words of my mouth, and the meditation of mi
heart, be acceptable in thy sight, O Lord, vo]
strength and my Redeemer." We would bi
careful to avoid wounding the feelings of i
brother, for when the love of God is shed abroad
in our hearts the spirit that leads to talebearinji
or detraction cannot there exist. We woul*
love our brothers as ourselves, and be willin|i
to bear one another's burdens, so fulfilling thi
law of Christ.
We cannot fulfil the duties devolving upoi '
us as parents in training up our children in thi
way they should go, except we know of liviui
in Christ and He in us. This is a solemn truth
If our children are brought up in the nurtun
and admonition of the Lord, they would be
come as our forefathers were in their day, !
light to the world, even as a city set on a hi!
that cannot be hid, and their influence in thi
coming generation would be for good.
Parents should not be discouraged if thei
labors with their children do not produce iin
mediate fruit— it may be as bread cast upoi
THE FRIEND.
37
;he waters which will be found after many
iays.
We would affectionately advise our young
people, who may be in situations where there
are no meetings of our Society, to withdraw on
the First-day of the week to a private place
with the Holy Scriptures — the reading of which
and waiting upon the Lord to be instructed of
Him, will, we are satisfied, conduce more to the
building them up in the most holy faith than
the attendance at the assemblies of other de-
Lnominations.
"Satan hath desired to have you that he may
sift you as wheat." It behooves us, therefore,
individually to be continually watchful unto
Eirayer, lest he take advantage of our weakness.
f our trust is in the Lord, He will enable us
to resist every temptation. " Render unto God
tthe things that are God's," for " what will it
iprofit a man if he shall gain the whole world
land lose his own soul? or what shall a man
;gain in exchange for his soul?" The honors
land pleasures of the world cannot compare with
:the happiness to be found in the service of
IChrist.
[We agree with our correspondent in the be-
ilief that the " Pastoral System " is inconsistent
'with our principles and profession as "Friends,"
land that its continued existence and spread
|WOuld be destructive to our existence as a dis-
tinct branch of Christ's church; but as to the
Iquestion, whether it is a fatal blow to our in-
.tegrity as a religious body, to admit that such
usages are practised in meetings of the Society
|0f Friends, its solution depends on the limita-
tions, which we each attach to the meaning
of the word "Friends." In ordinary usage,
a " Friend " is one who has a legal right of
membership in our organized body. As so de-
fined, we apprehend our friend William C.
Allen was justified in making the remark criti-
cized by our correspondent. — Ed.]
We have received a letter from a thoughtful
Friend, who thus comments on a recent article
in our paper.
"The article in The Friend upon 'the
danger of a supported Pastoral system ' is clear
and forcible. It points out what may be noticed
in early Church history, that it was only when
the members so lapsed from spirituality, as to
fail in direct communion with God that in their
assemblage, they desired to be fed by words
from intermediate agency.
This explains the existence of Sacerdotalism
in every age of the Christian Church ; and to-
day it accounts for the difference between com-
panies of worshippers alive in the Truth, and
those who to make their gatherings attractive
have a prescribed routine of music and vocal
utterance.
But to acknowledge that meetings may prac-
tice these usages and still be Friends is I think
a fatal blow to our integrity as a religious body.
If other sects maintain the pastoral system,
as the best that is practicable in the present
state of mankind, we need not oppose them.
But to admit that ' it has fastened its teeth
into our body and can not be well removed,'
is to admit that the days of our high standard
of Divine communion and of ministry are num-
bered."
The Sunday School Chronicle, of London,
condemns as a "deadly enemy of spiritual life"
the habit of uttering in public, petitions to God
which are not the spontaneous desires of a long-
ing soul.
Selected for "The FniENn."
THE TWENTY-THIRD PSALM.
The Lord is my .Shepherd ; oh llie bliss of renting
Wilhin the care of one wlio hives so well ;
Who knows each pathway, understands each danger
Whose tenderness no lougue can ever tell.
I shall not want, for He I know will give me
From day to day the very help I need ;
The strength for working in life's busy places.
Or grace for resting on its daisied mead.
He niakelh me lie down when I am weary.
For well He knoweth when the way is rough ;
And so He says to me with loving firmness,
" Be still, my child, for thou hast toiled enough."
And then He comes Himself and watches o'er me.
To aid my weakness by his perfect strength,
Until I almost love the forced seclusion ;
And learn to thank Him for his rest at length.
His loving kindness far surpasseth language;
For when I rise again to journey on,
He leadeth me in scenes of richest beauty,
And never lets me walk one step alone.
Restored, He leadeth up some glorious mountain,
And if I ever wander from his side,
He tindeth me ; and I just learn that safety
Belongs to those who in his care abide.
And so we journey on, the paths He chooses
Are often not what I should think the best;
But then He knows the way, and loves me dearly.
So in that knowledge I have perfect rest.
Yes, even when I pass right through the valley
All dark, with death's grim shadows crowding near
His rod and staff give then the needed comforts.
Whilst He is with me to support and cheer.
And when tierce foes arise to stay my progress
He nerves my arm and cheers me for the tight.
What can I therefore do, but conquer grandly,
And thank Him for the way He kept me right.
My cup of mercy then is running ever
And I am rich, possessing such a Friend.
Wliose arm doth never fail, who changeth never,
Who loving once, will love until the end."
THERE ARE MOMENTS.
I. MEXCH CHAMBERS.
There are moments in to-day,
God knows where,
When they who have a blessing,
And can fpare,
May confer as angels do,
Help to bring another througli
A trouble<l day.
There are moments in to-day.
Seek to find ;
For they hold an open wav
To be kind.
Unto such as seldom hear
Mercy's footsteps drawing near
Unto their door.
There are moments in to-day.
Find them all ;
For our Father up in Heaven
Lets them fall.
And He wills that they shall be
Messengers with good from thee
To such as heed.
[The following sketch of the means of con-
veyance of freight in the days prior to the use
of railroads in our country, revives in the mind
of the Editor some of his youthful experiences.
His home at that time was in Philadelphia, but
he frequently spent the summer with relatives
who lived thirty or forty miles west of the city,
and who kept a Conestoga wagon and a team
of horses, and often hauled groceries and other
store goods for the neighboring country stores.
Thence he naturally became familiar with the
ideas of the teamsters. One of their remarks
has often beeu remembered — " If you waut to
make money teaming, you must have a broad-
wheeled wagon and go to Pitts." (Pittsburg.,)
He can te.'^tify from personal experience to
the accuracy of the description given — for he
has shared with a relative who drove the team,
the mattress spread at night on the floor of the
tavern. — Ed.]
" In our boyhood there were three 'turnpike'
roads of which we knew, and over which we
were wont at times to travel. They ran east
and west, and over them passed a large part of
the internal commerce which cro.ssed the Alle-
ghenies. On these roads the well-known Con-
estoga wagon was in use. It was as distinct a
type of the large conveyance of that day, as
the freight train is of the present time. The
teams were made up of four or six horses and
a driver, who sometimes owned his team and
horses, and was respected accordingly on the
road. Some of them were asthetical in their
way, and had their steeds well caparisoned. We
well remember the stir in the old school house
by the way, when it was noised around that a
'bell team' was coming up the road. It was
not a usual thing, and the team so announced
was generally counted among the dandies of
the road. Six great horses, each with a row of
bells over his collar, and stepping out with a
freedom which showed not only their strength,
but also how well the contents of the wagon
were adjusted to the drawing power of the
team, made an attractive sight. Thus they
journeyed on, day after day, reaching well-
known points each evening, and starting fresh
in the early morning.
The long reaches of the 'pike' were dotted
on both sides with taverns, which were an es-
sential feature of this system of forwarding.
They were large buildings, surrounded by ex-
tensive grounds, into which as the night ap-
ajiproached wagon after wagon was driven, the
horse trough which hung at their rear dislodged,
the team fed, while the group of wagoners
gathered on the porch or in a great room inside.
When bed time came, each driver brought in
his mattress, unrolled it and lay down on the
floor to rest. Sometimes, when there chanced
to be a crowd, the congregation of sleepers ran
out into the adjacent halls and other rooms. In
the morning before the break of day, all in the
house were astir. Breakfast was eaten ; bills,
which were usually small, were collected, and
at early dawn, the wagon yard was emptied for
another day's haul westward. This was the
system of internal communication known to
our fathers. We would call it slow, and slow
it was, but suflScient for the time and the de-
mands. The relics thereof may be seen in the
fine and spacious old houses known still along
these highways as the ' Buck,' the ' Boot,' the
' Steamboat,' the ' Ship,' and the ' Green Tree.'
where the wagoners of a past generation had
their haunts and held their evening chats.
We hardly knew when this system of for-
warding disappeared. But one morning it was
announced that the Philadelphia and Columbia
railroad had been completed, and was open for
freight and travel. We did not comprehend
the meaning of the announcement when it was
first made. But we began to understand its
meaning when we saw its eflfect, and when the
' bell team,' with its six well kept grays, or its
shining black steeds came up the hill no more.
A revolution had come, and we had not noted
its coming until its work was accomplished.
The day of the wagon and turnpike had passed
— the day of the car and locomotive had come
38
THE FRIEND.
For •' The Fkiend."
Reminiscences.
In an obituary in The Friend of a dear
one that had lived to a great age, mention was
made that in clearing up their farm in early
life, oxen were the only team kept for several
years, in consequence of which she used to
walk several miles to meeting. This reminded
the writer very forcibly that many years since
that, in making a farm in the prairies and
west of the Mississippi River, oxen were for sev-
eral years the only team of the family and that
we used then to go several miles to meeting
hitched to the farm wagon : and as lumber was
so difficult to get, that rough boards to lay
across the top of the box for to sit on, would
have been deemed a luxury, in the absence of
which the box of the wagon was well bedded
with hay or grass, as best suited our taste, in
the center of which the mother's nursing chair
had a place, and she with her infant in her
arms very naturally formed the center of at-
traction, as the older children rolled and
tumbled about, ever and anon shouting for
Duke and Dime to go on, then begging of their
papa to smack them with the thong. Once in
early spring, the frost was so out it was doubt-
ful whether one pair of oxen could get through
the great slough and reach our Monthly Meet-
ing in due time, so the lead oxen were hitched
on, the trip was made in due time. Meeting
over, we met with an agreeable looking female
Frieud that appeared to be an entire stranger,
we invited her to go home with us. She took
a seat in our wagon and informed us that she
and her husband had just come from York
State and were about making a settlement on
the prairie a few miles west of us. Our ac-
quaintance was, I believe, mutually agreeable,
and I trust and hope it may continue through
the remainder of our pilgrimage here. Though
no more to be called prairie land, for it is now
studded with productive farms, each farm
having a grove.
Not many years since wife and I were out
from hi>me and met at our boarding house this
female Friend in company with several others
among whom was a man and his wife from
Eastern Pennsylvania. He in particular liked
to hear stories of early times, which induced
the writer to relate the circumstanceof our first
acquaintance, alluding to our Friend, and in-
vited some one else to entertain our stranger
by relating some things that had happened ;
observing that we were all of the class of early
settlers. My female Friend took up the subject
and related that her first acquaintance at my
house was prolonged quite beyond her intention
for it was arranged that parties were to call for
her the next morning ; but there came on such
a storm of wind and snow no one could travel
for the next two days, so that she was obliged
to be with us three nights and two days and
then it was with great difiiculty that they could
travel, so deep was the mud and snow. But she
had seen similar storms in York State. She
told us too that her ride with wife and me was
not her first experience with riding with oxen,
for when her husband came into the State
shortly before, they shipped to the then western
extremity of railroad conveyance, a village
called West Liberty, about 25 miles west of the
Mississippi River. I think she stated that having
no knowledge of any one, or of the country
her husband canvassed around to find a con-
veyance of some kind to take them somewhere,
but concluded that the best thing was to buy a
yoke of oxen and wagon and a ftw bushels of
ears of corn and strike out, having a mind to
go to the North. Their trappings were placed
in the wagon, a portion of which served for
forms to sit on. He had provided some sort of
a statr for a goad, but never having been used
to such business, found himself quite at a loss
to make the necessary manipulations. She as-
sisted as well as she could, via: some appropri-
ate gesticulations accompanied with "Go on,
Buck, go on. Berry," but with it all, ere they
had gone far in crossing one of the great sloughs
with which the country then abounded, the
weary brutes refused to move. With all the
efibrts to urge them on there they'd stand. The
driver happened to think of the ears of corn.
He got some and on going in front of his team
with it in hand, they manifested an eagerness
for it. Letting them have a taste increased
their greed and by walking ahead they pulled
through to solid ground wnere all could ride ;
but at each place of the kind the same treat-
ment had to be resorted to. Thus they wended
their way for forty miles or more, where they
chose a spot and built a small house and planted
a grove. The Bible history tells of such mi-
grators, very generally as erecting a tent and
digging a well, so we will presume that this
Joab and Mary also digged a well.
The tiny seeds that were planted grew and
became great trees, and it may be well said
the fowls of the air came and lodged in their
branches, for the writer remembers well when
no birds were to be seen on those vast plains
except some water-snipes. But now there are
many different kinds, greatly to the annoyance
of the small fruit grower. When this grove
was planted it was expected that if it succeeded
it might become a source of wealth to the
owner to distribute among those that might be
induced to settle near enough to receive fuel
from its branches. But quite a contrary result
has taken place. By the influence of railroad
transportation more substantial fuel is available.
The grove that was once the proprietor's great
delight has several years since beeu considered
a nuisance and the present owner of the premi-
ses, a son of the worthy pair that started the
improvement, has it all cut off, and to en-
deavor to make the best of it told the writer
that it furnished him several hundred feet of
sawed lumber and many fine sticks of hewn
timber.
When the meeting was held in the dwelling
of the writer it was usual for several pair of
oxen to be in the yard, and at the neighboring
meeting, held in a private house some six miles
distant, it being more numerously attended the
number of ox teams was double or triple. Those
meetings now compose a large Monthly Meet-
ing, and it is the privilege of nearly all the
members to attend riding in comfortable rigs.
Concerning the Death of Isaac Larrance.
[The daughter of the late Isaac Larrance,
of Ohio, sends us the following biographical
sketch of her father. — Ed.]
Last Eighth Month he requested me to
write to the Editor of The Friend, to dis-
continue that paper, since his eyesight had be-
come so poor he could not read it, and being
deaf could not hear anyone read to him. Said
he ''I would nut give it up if I could see ! I feel
very grateful to them for sending it to me so
long without recompense.
He was very feeble during Autumn, although
he continued to go down stairs to his meals un-
til after New Years, when he had a stroke of
paralysis, which more enfeebled him, and for
time left him speechless. He seemed to recover
somewhat from this shock but took little notice
of his surroundings. Through all his sufferings
and infirmities he gave evidence of the strong
character that had ruled his life, remaining to
the last scrupulously clean as to his personal
habits, which, considering his great age, was
remarkable.
He was born the fourteenth of Sixth Month,
1804. After much trouble in spirit to know
what was right for him, he became convinced
at the early age of fourteen years that it was
"ght for him to become a member of the Society
of Friends, to the principles of which he
mained faithful throughout his long life, doing
conscientiously whatever his hands found to do
to promote the cause of Christ.
Even the last year or two of his life, wl
infirmities kept him in the house, he would
have a few words of comfort for the domestics
of the household, one in particular who had
been serving in the family for twelve years,
frequently remarks to me with tears in her
eyes, "I miss the few comforting words your
father often spoke to me, they always did n
so much good."
After reaching his majority he went to
school of higher learning where he studied
Latin, Geometry, Surveying, etc. He beca
very proficient in Grammar and Mathematics,
these branches of study were a delight to him.
He entered the profession of school teaching,
doing little else for ten years. Many of hiS'
pupils becoming prominent in society and the
affairs of the world, always turned to him with'
a degree of reverence as having been one of'
the instruments in starting them on the way to
success.
He was for long years an active member in
the church, both with money and influence.
Serving in many useful ways to promote the
spread of Christ's teachings; everything else
was subservient to the Church and its works.
In 1833 he was married to Elizabeth,,
daughter of John Ellis.
On the eighteenth of Third Month, 1896,
while sitting in his easy chair beside his faith-
ful companion with whom he had lived nearly;
sixty-three years — -he quietly passed away. As
a tired infant falls asleep in the arms of its
mother, so he fell asleep in the arms of his
Saviour. Phebe Laurence Wardan.
Plainfield, Ohio.
THE FRIEND.
EIGHTH MONTH 22, 1896.
In looking over some of the early records ol'
our Society in Pennsylvania, and the corres-;
pondence which was maintained with Friends
in London, it is interesting and instructive tc
notice how closely Friends on opposite sides oi
the ocean were banded together by the spirit o!
love and mutual sympathy.
The defeat of General Braddock at Fort Du-
quesne in 1755 and the fear of attacks on th(
isolated settlers by the French and Indians
caused much excitement in Pennsylvania, and
loud cries from those who did not believe thai
war was unchristian for the organization and;
maintenance of an armed force to protect th(
people. Although raultitudesofother people had
settled within its limits, yet up to this time th(
controlling power in the civil government hac;
been in the hands of Friends. In 1756 Friend:
in England were appealed to to exercise thei
THE FRIEND.
39
ntlucnce with the Proprietaries, and it' neces-
arv, with the general government. An epistle
Villi] the London Meeting for Sufl'erings to
Philadelphia Quarterly Meeting contains these
oving expressions: " Ye are our brethren, bone
)f our bone, and flesh of our flesh, whose
.velfare is as dear to us as our own, and to
.vhoni we are united in the bonds of Gospel
fellowship. Whatever such a union requires,
that we hope to fulfil ; and as we have been on
some former occa-sions, so we still continue dis-
posed with willing minds, to the best of our
capacity to assist you in anything we may, and
in the same manner we should expect from you
were our situations exchanged."
The difficulties connected with the war with
France were not of long duration, but the iin-
settli-ment in this country which led to the war
pf the revolution, soon succeeded, and gave
fresh occasion for the exercise of loving care on
the ]iart of Friends in Great Britain. In 1771
an epistle was received from London Meeting
for SuflTerings which says: "When we take a
view of our brethren in your and some other
provinces in America, the increase of members
by birth, new families, new settlements arising,
we cannot but fervently wish that all suitable
icare may be taken to supply the rising youth
.with the means of useful information ; and that
such Friends' books may be diligently spread
amongst the distant settlements and families, as
may tend to season their minds with a sense of
truth, and draw them by the examples pro-
, posed to them, to a love of it and its testimony."
In the First Month of 177-5, after expressing
i their sympathy, London Friends add : " There
,is under all the trials and vicissitudes to which
in this life we are exposed, one great source of
(Stability and comfort, one everlasting and Al-
mighty Helper to all who trust in Him. To
this we must mutually exhort and encourage
one another to look, and patiently to wait for
the manifestations of his holy power."
In the Eighth Month of the same year a very
' aflfectionate epistle from London Yearly Meet-
ing to Friends in America was received, sym-
pathizing with them in their trials in the pres-
ent commotion. It contains the following ad-
vice: "Dwell under a sense of the power and
presence of God, all sufficient and merciful ; so
will ye be preserved in peace and innocency,
amidst all the various exercises ye may meet
with ; and if afflictions such as neither we nor
our fathers have felt, are permitted to come
upon you, you will be enabled to bear a jiart
in the general calamity, with a patience and
resignation that a sense of the Lord's presence
only can inspire."
An epistle from Philadelphia Meeting for
Sufierings to that of London, after relating some
particulars respecting their situation, and the
defection of some, adds that there remain a con-
siderable num>ber who are preserved out of the
tumult and noises which abound ; who are com-
forted in the participation of your wholesome
counsel and sympathy, knowing that the Spirit
of Truth will speak the same language through
all who faithfully attend to its unerring dictates ;
these being united in the bond of Christian fel-
lowship mutually partake in suflfering, and are
each other's joy in the Lord."
An epistle from London Meeting for Suffer-
ings in Seventh Month of 1776 thus concludes:
"Finally, brethren, live in love and in holy
fear, laboring above all things to keep a con-
science void of oflTence towards God and man ;
and so may we he preserved one in faith and
practice throughout our generations."
F'riends in England not only sent messages
of sympathy and encouragement to their breth-
ren in America, but as these were exposed to
great pecuniary losses, sent a large sum of
money to relieve those most in need.
American Friends had by this time about
freed themselves from any complicity with slave-
holding, and they called the attention of their
English brethren to the propriety of endeavor-
ing to put a stop to the slave-trade, in which
many English merchants were engaged.
There being much distress in England on
account of the scarcity of provisions, in 1801 a
subscription was raised for the relief of Friends
and others there, and the treasurer of Phila-
delphia Yearly Meeting remitted four thousand
one hundred and sixty-five pounds sterling to
relieve this distress. Suljsequently about one
thousand six hundred pounds additional was
remitted. In 1802 London Friends reported
that relief had been extended to eight hundred
and ten Friends and four hundred and twenty
not in membership.
An epistle from London Meeting for Suffer-
ings in 1803 contains the following salutary
hint: "The concerns which engage both your
meeting and ours, have often much of an out-
ward nature in them, there seems therefore the
greater occasion of watchfulness, that we be
not induced to suppose, that of ourselves we may
act in them to advantage; and it is good ever
to have in remembrance, that the ultimate pur-
pose of all our meetings is to serve the cause of
Truth, and that unless the Lord keep the city,
the watchman waketh but in vain."
Another epistle from the same body in 1812
gives interesting evidence of the existence of a
" measure of Gospel love uniting us to our dis-
tant brethren, and giving us to see in renewed
freshness, that however varied our circumstances
and the trials consequent thereon, yet as we
are careful to move under the direction of the
Divine Head, we shall as a body compacted
with joints and bands, continue to witness a
holy harmony, drinking into one spirit, and
becoming increasingly one another's jov in the
Lr.rd."
It is a pleasing occupation to trace the evi-
dences of unbroken unity and sympathy be-
tween the Society in England and in America,
and which continued through the controversies
that culminated in the separation of 1827. The
first intimation of uneasiness that we have met
with is in an epistle to London Meeting for
Sufferings in 1835, which contains the following
paragraph : " We would tenderly remark that
a number of treatises of a religious character,
written by some members in England, having
for some time past been introduced and spread
in this country, it has given cause to much con-
cern and exercise to Friends in many parts,
who are desirous to keep steadfast in the prin-
ciples and doctrines most surely believed and
established amongst us."
The reply to this epistle cordially responds
to the exercise expressed in it, and deplores
" the mischievous effects of publications tending
to depreciate the writings of our early Friends,
and to shake the faith of the inexperienced in
the teachings and guidance of the Holy Spirit."
An epistle to the Meeting for Sufferings in
London indicates that the introduction into this
country of treatises published in England con-
taining sentiments not in accordance with those
held by the Society of Friends from the begin-
ning," has caused much exercise to many breth-
ren," and suggests the revision of works on our
principles before they are issued from the pi ess.
An epistle to London Meeting for Sufferings
in 184G enters still more fully into the subject
of unsound books issued in England, and cir-
culated in this country.
As London Yearly Meeting took no effective
step to check the issuing of such books, Phila-
delphia Friends in 184'7 prepared an " Ajipeal
for the Ancient Doctrines," in which numerous
passages from the books alluded to were con-
trasted with others taken frum the writings of
early members of our Society, and their disa-
greement pointed out. This effort to prevent
the spread of unsound views among our own
members had the secondary eflect of emphasiz-
ing the difference in the official positions of the
two Yearly Meetings — a difference which has
been continued and increased by their respec-
tive subsequent courses of action.
The Psalmist says, "How good and how
pleasant it is for brothers to dwell together in
unity !" Who is there that would not rejcjice to
see a restoration of the harmony and love that
once bound London and Philadelphia Yearly
Meetings together? But before that blessed
day can fully dawn, we believe there must be a
substantial unity in doctrine and practice —
agreeably to the query of the prophet Amos,
"Can two walk together except they be agreed '?"
In The Friend of Second Month 22nd an
article was printed, taken from a Seattle paper
on the paradoxes of Australia. A letter from
a Friend in Australia says it is incorrect. "Aus-
tralia is not quite such a laud of paradoxes as
it says it is. The only correct facts are that we
have black swans, the leaves of the gum trees
stand edge-wise and cast very little shadow, and
the stone of the native cherry grows on the
outside (but not all over the fruitj. We have
some splendid English oaks in the streets, also
poplars, growing to a very good height and
size."
We are indebted to a Friend living near
Philadelphia for a copy of the letter containing
these corrections.
SUMMARY OF EVENTS.
United States. — A storm which visited Michigan
on the 11th instant, liid considerable damnge to prop-
erty and caused the loss of at least twenty lives.
the Murray Hill Bank, in New York, one of the
oldest Stale banks in the city, closed its doors on the
llih instant.
The Security Bank of Dulalh, Minn., one of the
largest State banks in the Slate, closed its doors on
the same day.
The strike or lock out at the Brown Hoisting
Works, in Cleveland, Ohio, is practically at an end.
Of the 800 men who went out on strike'-SOO are now
engaged in other employment. The Brown Company
has 335 men at work, and has refused twenty-live ap-
plications for employment.
Seventeen deaths and more than 100 cases of pros-
tration were reported in Philadelphia as resulting
from the heat on Third-day, the 11th instant, The
ma.Timum temperature on the roof of the Post-ofEce
building was 97.1 and on the street 99 degrees, the
highest of the present hot spell.
The League of Anjerican Wheelmen was organized
in 1880, and a year later, at the time of its first an-
nual meet, it had a membership of 1,654. Its mem-
bership is now more than 65,000, and is said to be in-
creasing at the rale of 1,000 a week.
A cloud-burst occurred at Dehaven, near Pitlsburg,
Filth-day morning. Five persons were drowned.
The .\merican Line steamer Si. Paul has broken
the westward record from Southampton. Her time
was six days and thirty-one minutes. Her average
speed was "21.08 knots per hour.
In dismissing two cadets from the West Point Mili-
tary Academy, President Cleveland expressed his con-
tempt of the "mean and cowardly" practice of haz-
ing.
The new five-dollar silver certificates were issued
by thea"reasury Department on the loth instant.
40
THE FRIEND.
During the week ending last Seventh-day 173 per-
sons died from ihe effects of the heat in Philadelphia.
The prolonged hot wave that has just ended is quite
without parallel in any Eighth Month as far back as
the records extend, and it has seldom been exceeded
even in the Seventh Month. The temperature rose
above the normal on Eighth Month 2nd, but the ex-
cessive heat (the daily maximum being over 90 de-
grees) did not begin until two days later. Beginning
with that date the maxima have been : Eighth Month,
4th, 90; 5th, 94; 6th, 96; 7th, 9.5; 8th, 96; 9th, 96;
10th, 93; 11th, 97; 12th, 99; 13th, 94. The mean
temperature for these ten days was 84.7, or about 92
degrees above the normal.
There appeared last week in the obituary columns
of the Philadelphia Pablic Ledger notices of the deaths
of twenty-five persons, seven men and eighteen women,
who had lived to or beyond the advanced age of eighty
years.
The steamer Oceanica, of the Lehigh Valley Trans-
portation Company, and the propeller CAtsAo/m were
sunk in a collision in Lake St. Clair on Sixlh-day, the
14th instant.
The steamer Three Friends, which left Jacksonville,
Florida, on the night of Sixth-day, 14th instant, pre-
sumably on a filibustering expedition to Cuba, was
overhauled on the following morning at the mouth of
the St. John's Kiver, by the revenue cutter Boutwell,
and detained.
A severe storm swept over Central Iowa last Sev-
enlh-day evening and great damage was done. In Des
Moines one and a half inches of rain fell in ten min-
utes. Rivers overflowed iheir banks, bridges were
carried awav and railroads were blocked by washouts.
Mary Abigail D.idge (Gail Hamilton) died on the
evening of the 17th at Wenham, Massachusetts.
The decision of Judge Wales, of the United States
Court, at Wilmington, Del., in the habeas corpus pro-
ceedings brought to secure the release of the Delaware
Single Tax speakers, was rendered on the i7th inst.,
and it was adverse to the prisoners.
Comptroller Fitch, on Second-day opened bids for
$3,637,756 of 3i per cent, gold bonds. The bids ag-
gregate $4,499,842, but most of I hem were for the
non-taxable bonds. The prices offered ranged from
98i to 101.25. The bids were a disappointment, al-
though they were letter than at the former oB'ering
a short time ago, when the bonds went begging.
George O'Berne & Co., leather dealers; Henry M.
Hosick, wool dealer, and the Chicago and Western
Soap Works, three Chicago concerns whose financial
relations were close, assigned last Seventh-day. The
Chicago Consolidated Iron and Steel Company, whose
plant is at Harvey, Illinois, ass'gned on the saraeday.
The Italian Ambassador at Washington has been
directed to forward to his government at once de-
tailed information concerning the lynching of three
Italians in St. Charles Parish, Louisiana, on First-
dav la-t.
There are now 00,000 post-offioes in the United
States, and the number is constantly being increased.
Deaths in this city last week numbered 838, which
is 348 more than the previous week, and 280 more than
the corresponding week of last year. Of the fore-
going, 221 were under one year of age; 429 were
males and 409 females: 173 died of sunstroke; 106 of
cholera infantum; 53 of consumption; 40 of heart dis-
ease; 34 of marasmus; 31 of inflammation of the
stomach and bowels; 28 of old age; 27 of inflamma-
tion of the brain; 27 of convulsions; 24 of cancer;
22 of apoplexy ; 19 of inflammation of the lungs ; 18
of inanition; 15 of dysentery; 15 of paralysis; 15
from casualties; 12 were drowned; 11 of inflammation
of the kidneys; 11 of uraemia, and 10 of typhoid fever.
Markets, &c.— V. S. 2's, 91J a 93; 4's, reg., 105 a
106; coupon, 106 a 107; new 4's, reg., 112J a 113|;
coupon, 112i a IISJ ; new 5's, reg., 109 a 110; coupon,
109 a 110; currency 6's, 100 a 105.
Cotton. — Middling uplands, 8/i;C. per pound.
Feed. — Spot bran, JS9.25 a |!10.50 for winter in
bulk, and $9.00 a filO.OO per ton for spring in sacks.
Flour.— Winter super, $1.90 a $2.15; do., extras,
$2.15 a $2.30 ; Pennsylvania roller, clear, $2.75 a $3.00 ;
do., do., straight, $3.00 a $3.25 ; Western winter, clear,
$2.75 a $3.00; do., do., straight, $3.00 a $3.25; do.,
do., patent, $3.35 a $3.55 ; spring, clear, 1;2.50 a $2.75 ;
do., straight, $3.00 a $3.25 ; do., patent, $3.30 a $3.55 ;
do., favorite brands, higher. City mills, extra, $2.00
a $2.25; do., clear, $2.75 a $3.00: do., straight, $3.00
a $3.25 ; do., patent, $3.40 a $3.75. Bye FLOnR.—
$2 40 per barrel for choice Penn'a.
Gkain.— No. 2 red wheat, 60i a OOJc.
No. 2 mixed corn, 28 a 28Jc.
No. 2 white oats, 24 a 25c.
Beef Cattle. — Extra, 44 a 4|; good, 4k a 4|c.;
medium, 4 a 4Jc.; common, 3| a 3fc.; far Western,
3.5 a 4c.; tepans, 3^ a ohc; fat cows, 2i a 3}c.; thin cows,
$8 a $18 ; veal calves, 3 a 5^c.; milch cows, §20 a $40 ;
dressed beeves, 5 a 72C.
Sheep and Lambs.— Extra, 3i a 4c.; good, 31 a 3|c.;
medium, 3 a 3Jc.; common, 2J a 2|c.; culls, 1 a 2c.;
lambs, 3 a 6c.
Hogs. — 5} a oJc. for Western.
Foreign. — By the overflowing of the river Kistna,
in India, on the 14th inst., 200 persons were drowned
and thousands rendered homeless. The damage to
property is immense.
In regard to the Venezuelan situation, Mr. Balfour
stated in the House of Commons, on the loth instant,
that the Government had every expectation that the
pending negotiations with the United States would
lead to an early and satisfactory result.
The House of Lords has accepted the amendments
to the Irish Land bill, and that measure will now be-
come law.
The BrilM Labor Gazelle for Seventh Monlh states
that there were 95 strikes and lockouts in Great Brit-
ain during Sixth Month. Of the 82 old and new dis-
putes settled during the month, 45 were won by the
workers, 14 compromised and 23 were lost.
The Sultan has refused the demands of the Cretans.
He will make no more concessions beyond those men-
tioned in the Halipa Convention. A state of anarchy
prevails throughout the island.
A dispatch dated London, Eighth Month 10th, says,
"The Times will to-morrow publish a dispatch from
Canea, Crete, saying that the French consul and a
Russian naval commander at that place have received
identical instructions to assume the protection of all
Cretan Christians."
Since 1851 it is estimated, 48,211 men have been
lied in mining accidents in Great Britain.
Li Hung Chang tells a director of the Bank of Eng-
nd that his concern, as a private corporation, could
easily bring about international bimetallism, and that
it is only England's selfishness and desire for her own
personal gain, at the expense of the welfare of the rest
of the civilized world, that prevents the bank from
doing it. A plain, blunt statement this that no one
can deny. Money, as an issue, is so rapidly becoming
of greater importance the world over than the tariff,
that it would be interesting to know how the former
British arguments against protection, the gist of which
is that it is a selfish policy of taking care of one's self
without regard to the good of others, can be reconciled
with her own stand in blocking universal bimetallism
when it would probably be more than agreeable to
nearly every other nation on the globe.
It is reported that the Arctic explorer, Nansen has
arrived at Vardoeon the steamer Windward.
Cairo, Eighth Month 16.— The official cholera sta-
tistics show that during the past week there were 1091
deaths from the disease througout Egypt. The total
number of deaths since the outbreak of the scourge is
14,755.
It is said by philologists that there are thirteen
original European languages, the Greek, Latin, Ger-
many, Slavonic, Welsh, Biscayan, Irish, Albanian, Tar-
tarian, lUyrian, Jazygian, Chaucin and Finnic.
RECEIPTS.
Edmund S. Fowler, Agent, O., for B. J. Hobson ;
William Berry, Gtn.; Clarkson M. Giftbrd, Mass.; M.
Hodgson, Gtn.; Sarah Nicholson, N. J., and for Henry
Read; Charles P. Hall, Cal.; Caspar W. Thompson,
N. J.; William G. England, Nova Scotia ; William
Harvey, Agent, Ind., $8 for Ashley Johnson, Mahlon
Johnson, Nancy T. Hadley and Kuih Ann Stanton ;
Benj. V. Stanley, la., $29 for himself, Morris Stanley,
William G. Hoyle, Jos. L. Hoyle, J. E. Hodgin,
Pearson Hall, R. W. Hampton, Samuel Bedell, Mica-
jah Emmons, Stephen Jackson, Jos. Patterson, Thos.
E. Stanley, T. D. Yocum, George Young and Matilda
E. Crew, $1, to No. 27, vol. 70; Abraham Cowgill,
Cal., $6 for himself, Caroline Cope and J. William
Patterson ; Josiah W. Leedss, Pa., and for B. Frank
Leeds, Cal.; Joseph J. Hopkins, Pa., and for Susanna
Brinton ; Edward Comfort, Gtn., and for James E.
Tatnall, Pa.; Howard A. Mickle, N. J.; Phebe A. El-
kinttm, N. J.; Francis E. Jones, Gin., for Margaret
H. Jones ; Henry H. Ellyson, la.; Ellen B. Kite, la.;
Benj. J. Wilkins, N. J.; George Haines, N. J., and for
S. Howard Haines, M. D, Pa.; Sarah Huestis, Agent,
O., $4 for Belinda H. Sohofield and Hannah Ann
Vanlow ; Abby Middleton, N. J.; Catharine S. Web-
ster, Pa.; Walter J. Buzby, and (or Mark H. Buzby,
N. J.; Wilson Hutchens, Mo.; Caleb Hoopes, and for
Benj. P. Hoopes, Pa.; Parker Hall, Agent, 0., $35
for himself, Joseph P. Binns, J. Hervey Binns, Jona-
than Binns, Walter Edgerton, Nathan L. Hall, Mary
T. Hall, Lewis Hall, Joseph Hall, Gilbert McGrew,
Hannah M. Matson, John W. Smith, Robert Smith,
Nathan R. Smith, Edmund S. Smith, Louis Taber,
Russel Z. Taber, la. and Mary Lupton, O., $1 to No.
27, vol. 70; Wm. R. Bullock, M. D., Del.; Annie J.
Jones, Del.; Emilie F. Metzler, Phila.; Laura A. Os-
born. Conn.; E. B. Padd ick, Mass.; Isaao L. Roberts,
N. J.; Ann Gibbons, la.; George Sharpless, Agent, Pa.,
$14 for himself, Joshua Sharpless, John P. Sharpless,
Margaret Maule, Emily Pusey, Margaretta J. Mercer
and Hannah N. Harry; George J. Foster, III.; Thos.
Waring, N. J.; Joshua Brantingham, Agent, 0., $30
for James E. Bailey, Alfred Brantingham, Cyrus
Brantingham, Wm. Brantingham, Edward Y. Cope,
Lousina Harris, John Hoyle, Joseph Masters, George
G. Megrail, Rebecca Price, Dillwyn Stratton, Rachel
Stratton, Jtseph C. Stratton, Charles W. Satterthwait
and Isaac H. Satterthwait; George W. Mott, Agent,
la., $20 fir L. W. Bye, Peter N. Dyher, M. A. Fritch-
man, Wilson C. Hirst, A. L. MrGrew, John E. Mich-
ener, Elwood Spencer, Wilson T. Sidwell, Nathan
S itterthwait and John Thomas ; Thomas A. Crawford,
Agent, O., $18.50 for Hannah Brantingham, David
Ellyson, Robert Ellyson, Eliza Ann Fogg, Edwin Hol-
loway, Abner Woolman, Lydia Warrington, Edgar
Warrington and John Crawford, $2..50, Ireland ; Asa.
Ellis, Agent, Ind., $6 for Ezra Barker, Abel H. Black-
burn and David Stalker; Elisha Roberts, N. J., $8 for
himself, David Roberts, Joseph H. Roberts and Wil-
liam H. Roberts; R. P. Gibbons, Del.; Charles Grim-
shaw. Pa.; Isaac Roberts, Pa.; Samuel L. Smedley, Jr.,
Pa.; David E. Cooper and William B. Cooper, N. J.;
Edwin A. Hoopes, Pa ; Charles G. Ogden, Pa.; Ruth
Anna Harned, N. J.; George Standing, la.; William
Smallwood, Pa.; George S. Hutton, Phila., $6 for him-
self, Phebe Hulton and George Pandrich, Pa.; Seth
Shaw, Agent, O., $18 for himself, Hannah Blackburn,
N. M. Blackburn, Charles Blackburn, Jonathan Black-
burn, Phebe Ellyson, J. Howard Edgerton, Job Huea-
lis and Theophilus Morlan ; Aaron Mekeel, Agent,
N.Y., $12 for Jesse Mekeel, Charles B. Owen, Edward
Pyle, Sarah E. Haight, Charles Wood and Mariha C.
Wood; Solomon E. Barker, Del., and for Anderson
M. Barker, N. C; Sarah T. House and for Lena H.
Sharpless, Pa.; Mary Ann Sharpless and for Lewis P.
Sharpless, Pa.; Kuth K. Smedley, Fkf 'd ; Anna H.
Tiernev, Gtn.; Gulielma Neill, 0.; Benj. C. Reeve,
N.J. ■
S^' Remitlancen received after Third-dny evening wiil
not appear in the Receipts untd the following week.
NOTICES.
Westtovvn Boarding School. — The next term
will commence on Third day. Ninth Mcmth Ist. Ap-
plications for the admission of pupils should be made
to William F. Wickeesham, Principal.
Westtown, Chester Co., Pa.
Friends' Select School will re open Ninth Month
21st, 1896. Catalogues will be sent, or other informa-
tion will be furnished upon application.
J. Henry Bartlett, Sup't.
140 North Sixteenth Street,
Philadelphia.
W^estern Quarterly Meeting of Friends. — The
train leaving Broad Street Station Philadelphia, at
7.17 a. m. on the twenty-first inst. will be met at West
Grove to convey, (free of charge) those desiring to at-
tend the Western Quarterly Meeting of Friends to bt
held at London Grove. Pa.
Trueman C. Moore, ] ^ .„
Geo. R. Chambers, | (^'""^"""■
Died, on Ihe twentieth of Sixth Month, 1896, al
her late residence in Chesterfield, Morgan Co., Ohio
Elezabeth T. Rhodes, wife of Harman Rhodes, aged
eighty years ; a member of Chesterfield Monthly and
Particular Meeting of Friends. This dear Friend
seemed firmly attached to the doctrines and principle'
as held by our worthy predecessor, G. Fox. As hei
sickness increased, she fell that her time here wa;
short, and manifested an earnest desire to be prepared
for the final change, expressed her regret at not hav
ing lived a life more devoted to her Master, but wa;
favored to feel perfect peace, and gave directions
about her funeral with entire composure. Her friendi
have a well grounded hope that through redeeming
love and mercy she was permitted to enter that Cit)
whose walls are salvation and whose gates are praise
THE FRIEND
A Religious and Literary Journal.
VOL. LXX.
SEVENTH-DAY, EIGHTH MONTH 29, 1896.
No. 6.
PUBLISHED WEEKLY.
Price, if paid in advance, $2.00 per annum.
8id>»criptiom, payments and bvMnets communications
received by
Edwin P. Sellkw, Publisher,
No. 207 Walnut Place,
(S 3Uth from Walnut Street, between Third and Fourth,)
PHILADELPHIA.
Articles designed for insertion to he addressed to
JOSEPH WALTON,
MOOKBSTO^VN, BUKLINOTON Co., N. J.
Entered as second-class matter at Philadelphia P. O.
Oiary and Letters of Deborah Brooks Webb.
(Continued from page 'M.)
1852.— Eleventh Month 1st. — I was sonie-
ivhat sick this morning but got better before
meeting time, but not well enough to go, I
thought — I missed much good by being absent
— dear Anue has told me some of the commiini-
sations which I wish to remember. J. W. spoke
af the Bible, how instructive it was, not a page
of it could be opened but a Divinely illumined
mind could find some instruction. He referred
to Martha and Mary, that the dear Master loved
them both — household duties were to be cared
for and performed. When it was told Mary
that the Master called for her, she rose up im-
mediately and went. May we all be ready to go
when the Master calls for us. He also spoke of
^azarus in the grave, like some of us being laid
in the grave of sin, for whom parents and friends
prayed and shed teare, encouraging the exer-
cised friends to still continue their prayers;
that their tears were bottled and they would be
heard, that they might at the close of time be
able to hear the language " Come ye blessed of
my Father," etc. Dear Friend Gibbons com-
menced with " Suffer little children to come un-
to me, and forbid them not, for of such is the
Kingdom of Heaven ;" saying that it was need-
ful for us to get into a child-like state. How
great a favor to be a member of so good and
favored a meeting. There is so much pride in my
poor wicked heart. I wonder if it will ever be
cured, " Woe unto them that are wise in their
own eyes and prudent in their own sight."
7th. — Last Fifth-day Anne Emlen was mar-
ried to Joseph Howell of Philadelphia, at our
Meeting. A pleasant young couple, and I hope
they will be helped along, and that dear Anne
will be enabled to follow her blessed Master's
calling, wherever He may lead her. I hope poor
I may also be enabled to follow Him. We had
such a favored meeting; dear Hannah Warner
was here, also William and Elizabeth Evans.
H. spoke first to the children of believing
parents, encouraging them to faithfulness, say-
ing that where much had been given much would
■ be required. Next dear William Evans spoke.
" It is not in man who walketh to direct his
steps," " A good man's ways are ordered of the
Lord." What a privilege it is to have our ways
ordered by the Lord, and much more that was
very instructive. I was glad, for all the towns-
people that were collected to hear it. One thing
he .said was so good — that for everything we
gave up, our meek and lowly Saviour would
give us himself instead. Then dear Elizabeth
appeared in a niost/eeling manner in supplica-
tion, for all, and particularly for some that
were plucked as a brand from the burning. So
many blessings from a gracious and long suffer-
ing God.
To-day we were again favored, dear H. Gib-
bons supplicated for preservation for us all and
particularly for the young — it was so sweet.
Could poor wicked I take any of it? She spoke
to .■>ome, saying, perhaps they were in the state
to which this language would be applicable,
" As the hart panteth after the water l)rooks, so
panteth my soul after thee. Oh ! Lord." I felt
fully resolved to serve my Heavenly Father,
wherever He should lead, but still deeper were
dty feelings when dear arose saying, "that
the cup of blessing seemed full, but would not
be poured out until we were willing to bow low,"
repeating and closing with the passage : " Bring
all the tithes into the storehouse, that there may
be meat in my house and prove me now here-
with saith the Lord of Hosts, if I will not open
the windows of heaven and pour you out a bless-
ing that there shall not be room enough to re-
ceive it."
14th. — We had a favored meeting I think.
This is I suppose the last one here that John
Wood will be present before going to the Indian
Settlement. David Cope was here and spoke
much, commencing with the parable of the tal-
ents: of those that had five and hid their re-
ward, of those that had two and had their reward,
then of the one and how he found fault. Ah,
that is I that am finding fault, poor me. Thou,
Holy Father! art very gracious and merciful
to visit me and teach me so much. Be pleased
not to f )rsake me, but keep me safe in the way
I should go. Shortly after David's communica-
tion, dear Phebe W. Roberts said, " Will ye also
go away? To whom shall we go, thou hast the
word of eternal life" — recommending to submit
to the yoke; repeating these verses from Lamen-
tations : " It is good for a man that he bear the
yoke in his youth. He sitteth alone and keepeth
silence, because he hath borne it upon him. He
putteth his mouth in the dust if so be there may
be hope." I feel so thankful that I heard this
last quotation. It is so confirming to me. May
I receive strength to walk lowly, humbly, silent-
ly. Nest appeared in solemn supplication.
He is now staying with us a few days till he gets
his business further arranged for leaving. I
think it is such a favor that my home is cast
here. Preserve me. Heavenly Father, and make
me more worthy of such favors. The example
of a solid silence before meals is a good exam-
ple to me, I do not always get to the right feel-
ing then. To-morrow I expect an increase in
the numbers of my school. Oh ! may I be faith-
ful to my God and then I know He will strength-
en me to be faithful in my school. " xis thy day
is, so shall thy strength be," was quoted by dear
P. W. R. in Quarterly Meeting.
21st. — Silent meeting. Poor I, had a.s usual,
to feel the sting of sin. Oh! may I not be cast
off. Those who were saying " We will not have
these men to reign over us," were commanded
to be brought and slain before Him. And the
wicked servant that hid his talent and found
fault, had to be cast into outer darkness. Aw-
ful consideration! "Oh ! that thou hadst heark-
ened to my commandments, then had thy peace
been as a river, and thy righteousness as the
waves of the sea.
First-day. — In meeting I thought of my school
being so full as not to be able to take the
other applicants and I remembered the passage,
"Bring all the tithes into my store house," etc.
I often thought that was being fulfilled to
poor unworthy me, who has not brought much
sacrifice to the Lord. Oh! that I might bring
all the tithes into the store house, that I might
have a blessing on my exertions for the scholars
and be enabled to set them a good example.
Twelfth Mo. 1st.— Monthly Meeting. Silent
until near the close, when dear Mary Kite rose
with these words : " Ye are they which have
continued with me in my temptations," and af-
terwards, the servant is not above his Master,
nor the disciple above his Lord. I am glad I
heard it, though I hope not to take encourage-
ment when I do not deserve it.
5th. — -Dear Friend Gibbons appeared in sup-
plication so sweetly. Oh! Holy Father, answer
her patitions for the tossed ones; be plea.^ed in
thy mercy to conquer the foes in them, that so
cause them to sin ; give them strength to follow
thee, and s > get peace of mind.
12th. — Silent meeting. Mourning and sad-
ness have to be ray continual portion so long as
I am disobedient. Oh ! most merciful Father,
cast me not off, I pray thee, " God, be merciful
to me a sinner."
19lh. — Dear Friends were at meeting and I
suppose enjoyed it, but poor I was in a cold
state and did not enjoy much quiet feeling. Ah,
me, that the all powerful "I am," will break
my stubborn will.
On the fifteenth of this month, my dear lit-
tle nephew deceased, Howard P. Brooks, dear
brother S. and sister R's child. What an af-
fliction ! He was a sweet child, I loved him
very much. Jlay we all be resigned to the
Divine will concerning this matter. May dear
sister be strengthened to bear it with resigna-
tion and fulfil her duties and follow on to meet
him in heaven.
This evening I was encouraged in reading
some in John Barclay, viz: "Be warned, be
prevailed upon dear reader, by one, who ac-
knowledges to thee that he himself has been
in great depths of wickedness through disobe-
dience to the faithful unfaltering monitor, and
who has found no peace, no deliverance, but
through the low portal of obedience to the
same. By this he has been from day to day
encouraged and strengthened to leave off one
evil practice and disposition after another, and
has been helped in some small degree to put on
a better righteousness than his own, and he
42
THE FRIEND.
assures thee that thy repentance and thy faith
are to be measured by thy obedience to this
appearance of Christ within, the hope of glory,
as He is received in hh secret visitations and
obeyed in his manifested requirings."
1853.— First Month 2ud. — Another year has
gone by for me to account for. Am I any bet-
ter? 1 wish I could say some better, but I fear
not much. I am still devoid of that peace
which my soul longs for. " Create in me a clean
heart, oh, Lord, and renew a right spirit with-
in me," was the language quoted by dear H.
Gibbons last Monthly Meeting day, and may it
be mine in sincerity and fervency. Oh! I did
desire in meeting to-day, that He, who can
make me clean, would condescend to make me
willing to follow all his leadings. His power
alone can break my stubborn heart and so give
true peace within. Save me, oh, Heavenly
Father, from a false peace and be pleased not
to cast me off forever.
9th. — Dear Friend Gibbons spoke to the
young. Oh ! may I submit under the kind in-
structions that are so mercifully granted me.
There is one that will hear and help if I apply
unto him. Not look outward for help, but in-
ward to God, and obey his voice. I have re-
solved to do so and do pray for strength to be
willing to become nothing in this world. " Ask
and ye shall receive, seek and ye shall find,"
his promises are yea and amen for ever, she
then appeared in supplication.
Holy and merciful Father, wilt thou be
' ;ased to stain the beauty of the world in my
ht, and draw me with a powerful love unto
thyself, so that I may have some pure peace
such as thy favored ones enjoy, such as the
world cannot give, nor the world take away. I
have desired to be good, too, so that I may in
some raeabure, cheer these dear aged Friends,
before their departure from this world. They
love the Truth so much.
Eighth Month 21st. — Vacation over. Dear
H. Gibbons spoke and supplicated for us. " If
a man's ways please the Lord, he maketh even
his enemies to be at peace with him." Yester-
day fifteen scholars; my hard cold better. " Be
thou in the fear of the Lord all the day long,
31st. — Monthly Meeting. David Cope spoke
and supplicated for us to be brought down
to great humiliation. It is a great attainment
to become as passive as clay.
Ninth Month 5th. — James Emlen and Phebe
W. Roberts start to-day on a religious visit to
Indiana Yearly Meeting and those composin
it. May the work prosper and may I be better
by the time they get back.
8th. — Silent meeting. My scholars are more
orderly in meeting than formerly for which I
feel thankful to my Heavenly Father — I
enabled to speak more kindly.
24th. — Many scholars. It is pleasant to
kites, but it makes missed lessons for boys.
29th. — Hannah Gibbons opened a concern
to visit the families of Uwchlan Monthly Meet
ing, Martha Jefferis to accompany her.
Dear Mary Kite quoted the language, " These
that be planted in the house of the Lord, shall
flourish in the courts of our God. They shall
bring forth fruit in old age." The Lord is g
to those who are willing to spend and be spent
in his service.
Tenth Month 2nd. — Silent meeting. Christ
can teach me, and does, but I am to walk still
more lowly. Committee met. Satisfied with our
exertions. I was glad, school full, forty schol-
ars— too many. Dear Friend Gibbons and
Friend Jefferis started for Uwchlan.
6th.— Silent meeting. One little girl made
them laugh.
25th.— Anniversary of my coming to West
Chester. How thankful I feel that my Heaven-
ly Father has helped me in school. How hum-
bly I ought to serve Him.
18th.— Silent meeting. I tried and could at
last say, " Here am I, Lord, do with me as seem-
eth good unto thee."
Eleventh Month 7th.— This day heard the
J account of Susan "Wood's death atTunesas-
. A dear useful woman, has been in the In-
dian country trying to do good.
Twelfth Mouth 4th.— Morris Cope here. I do
desire my Heavenly Father to open my eyes and
ears spiritually.
Lord, be merciful to nie a sinner. Not by
might, or by power, but my spirit, saith the
Lord of hosts.
11th. — John Tatum from Wilmington spoke
in meeting. James Thomas from Goshen, also
spoke — not every one that says " Lord be mer-
ciful to me a sinner," but he that obeys the
commands, is accepted.
(To be continued.)
For "The Friend."
A Visit- to Lauterberg.
We let ourselves be awakened at five o'clock,
and by ten minutes of six we were on the way.
The foester gave us definite directions and ti>e
fciesterin some sandwiches to put in the leather
" butter-brod-tasche". that I bought yesterday on
purpose. So we mounted the steep slope in
front of the house with light hearts. The way
lay along a ridge, winding from one side to the
other, along the edge of steep slopes, through
forests of pine, then of beech, then again pine,
with frequent charming views into cultivated
valleys or deep ravines. The entire way was
marked with arrows pointing in the direction to
go. We kept on steadily and came at last to an
opening where we could see the tower rising
above the trees on a mountain ahead of us.
Though we were already so high, the climb up
was quite steep, and we did not stop until we
stood on the lookout above. From here, spread
out around us, was a limitless exj)anse of round-
ed forest-clad mountain tops. I had thought
that we should see Lauterberg from this height,
nestling in the valley directly below, but in this I
was disappointed. However, as we had made the
tower by a little after eight, resting somewhat
on the way, I felt sure we would be there in
twenty minutes at least. We followed the signs
painted on the trees, and made a very rapid
descent of perhaps fifteen hundred feet, coming
at last on the main road. Up to this time we
had seen but one human being — a laborer at a
distance — and no animal larger than an ant, at
several of whose piles of sand and pine needles
we had stopped to admire the busy workers.
Here upon the road was a wagon, and two
horses eating hay close by. Soon a lad appeared
behind them, and in order to have something
to say, I asked, "How high is the knollen ?"
He shrugged his shoulders in the peculiar Ger-
man fashion, and replied, " Weiss nicht" (don't
know). " How far is it to Lauterberg dowu this
road ?" " Weiss auch nicht" (don't know that
either). " Is it Harzberg that is in this direction,
then ? " " Weiss auch nicht." " Well, I said in
despair, "Lauterburg miist be here somewhere.
Are you sure it isn't down this road." " I tell
you I don't know. I live six hours from here,
and know nothing about it, only it ain't the
way you're going. I guess it's over there;"
pointing indefinitely across the range on the
other side the valley, about twelve hundred feet
high ; " over there in the other valley." Well,
I was puzzled, and went up and down, hoping
to see a sign again, but there was none to be
fdund. Then, seeing a steep path up the moun-
tain, and as the last sign pointed in that direc-
tion more than to the road, we started on the
trail, but as it was little worn and no pointers
appeared, we turned back and followed the road
in the opposite direction. We went on and on,
hoping to see some one who did know something,
or an encouraging sign, but none appeared.
We, however, did not let that prevent our en-
joying to the full the charming valley we were
in, with its rushing crystal-clear brook, the ferns
and flowers, to say nothing of the delicious wild
strawberries that hung in tempting clusters, so .;
large and red and ripe from the rocks and banks
by the side of the road. At last, however, I
began to be sure Lauterberg must lay in the
other direction, and I left A., whose little feet
begau to be tired, and ran on to see if a red
roof were anywhere in sight. No, not one ; and
I returned and said, "We must go back, but
before ihat we would take a drink from the
brook and eat our lunch." It was now after
nine. To our great joy some tourists came
along soon after and told us we were right after
all, only Lauterburg was an hour or so straight
ahead. It was not until I found some one with
a map, and saw that the knollen was by no
means the mountain I had supposed, but that
it lay about halfway between St. A. and L., the
apex of an obtuse triangle, that I could under-
stand it. The people were cutting the hay from
the mountain sides, wherever it grew in the open
spaces along the forest edges, and we met thera
going to their work, the whole family, babies
and little children, man and wife. I stopped a
mother with two little tots, in a shabby wagon,
and another of about four years holding on to
her dress, to ask her how times were and if the
babies were well and what she did with them
all day. They were fine little fellows and crowed
and kicked in their basket, and she seemed very
much pleased with the notice I took of them.
I always speak to the people. I like their faces
and rejoice with them over the splendid weather
they have had this year for haying. But these
old women, with their enormous load.s, stagger-
ing up the steep mountain sides! Yesterday, in
Audreasburg, sorry as I was to make her stand
a minute longer than she must, I couldn't help
telling one poor old soul how sorry I felt for
her and would like to help her if I could. To
my sympathizing question, if it wasn't " dread-
fully heavy," she straightened herself just enough
to look up at me out from her load and though
her face was hard and wrinkled, and only a few
teeth left and the perspiration running, not
dripping, from her face, she answered, cheer-
fully, in her mountain dialect, " Ach, fraulein.
It's heavy to be sure, but it's so beautifully dry;
It would be much heavier if it was not so dry.
Just think — cut yesterday, and to-day under
cover !" The thought that her lot was hard did
not seem to enter her mind. I felt as though I
were a very ungrateful sinner by the side of this
withered old woman, and that I would learn a
lesson from her. But lo think of working all
day so, and, what is more, having the children
tugging at their gowns as they work, and one
never hears a cross word or a harsh, quick tone
— these worn-out women seem to me perfect
monuments of patient unselfishness. But ugly!
I don't think the old Indian women look more
deformed and repulsive in gait, bearing and
general appearance, and simply from hard, hard
THE FRIEND.
43
rork ; and then, too, in-born lack of the ability
make theraseh'es look attractive, which is
astinctive in even the lowest classes of the
lore Southern nations. But to our trip. It
as twelve when we reached the pleasant gar-
ens in Kurpark, for we had stopped a long
ime to rest in a picturesque arbor formed of a
umber of trees trimmed and trained to form
lis shelter in front of the Forsterei that was on
le way, and here we had each a delicious glass
f raspberry vinegar, which was very refresh-
ig, and also the opportunity to get a great
lany points of information from some 'ileasant-
loking tourists who were also resting there. As
explained the way we had come, they said, in
urprise, "Auch die kleineda?" (also the little
ne ?) I laughed and said, " Oh, yes, she is an
American," which seemed to explain, and then
be had to tell how old she was and where she
ras from, and when we said, Philadelphia, the
of the party said, " Oh, yes ; my brother
las there. That's the city where you can't get
nything to drink on Sunday!" (That meant
ear, of course.) After dinner, which we took
itting in an arbor by the side of a pretty moun-
ain stream, we went by train to the nest sta-
ion (return ticket cost five cents), on the top
f the mountain above, which is an interesting
Id ruin. The climb up was steep, but would
ave been richly repaid by the view above had
he ruin not been there as well. It was formerly
of the fastnesses which for centuries was
requented by a succession of robber knights,
?ho lived largely upon the plunder they brought
lack from their raids upon their brother knights,
■r more often the peaceful dwellers of the plain,
["hey claim for this particular burg an age of
welve hundred years, but the earliest mention
if it in history is in 952, when Otto the First
;ave it to a neighboring cloister. It must have
.)een an almost impregnable fortress in its day,
ituated as it is upon a steep mountain top, with
t. perpendicular wall of natural-rock formation,
pakiug two sides of it inaccessible. Almost
•lothing of it remains at present, excepting ex-
;avations in the rocks, the entrance-way and a
-tairway within, leading up into some arched
)assage-ways above, which in 1859 was restored.
The entire gigantic edifice was destroyed in
;761 by the French during the Seven Years'
ikVar. The burg held out so stubbornly that
;,he enemy supposed it possessed great treasures,
^nd the day before the surrender was to take
)lace a courier was dispatched to Paris report-
ng the good news. 'The excitable Parisians
celebrated the event with feasting and rejoic-
,ngs. The French general, however, who, in
pinticipation of the booty, had forced the peas-
antry of the neighborhood to come with wagons
:o carry it away, was so disgusted to find nothing
jut a handful of worn-out men and almost no
immunition, that, in his anger, he had the en-
tire edifice leveled to the ground. Even the
latural wall he tried the force of his guns
igainst, but here his rage had little effect, and
:hey still stand. During the century and more
since that day the loosened stones have been
carried away by the people for more useful and
peaceable purposes, so that now very little_ is
left. We wandered around among the ruins
and through a narrow passage in the rocks, on
either side of which were openings into dark,
cavernous pa.ssages, probably used as dungeons,
for this was for many years a prison as well for
State offenders. I must confess to a shudder
now and then.
' From above the view was glorious, command-
ing a wide outlook upon the fertile valleys to
the south of the Hartz on one aide, and the roll-
ing, forest-covered billows of the mountains on
the other.
We were thirsty after the climb, and as we
had brought some cakes with us, we sat down
at one of the many tables arranged along the
level top of the old wall and overlooking the
valley, and soon the waiter came, from whom
we ordered a pot of coffee (German coffee won't
hurt even a child, it is mostly chickory), for
forty pfennige, with milk and sugar, and en-
joyed ourselves to the full. From the waiter I
got a great deal of information about the old
ruin, as well as learneil his own attitude to-
wards the world in general. He was an inoffen-
sive peasant lad from the " Heide," which means
the moorland about Hamburg. He explained
that the women did not work so hard and were
not so badly treated there as here in the moun-
tains—besides, they (the peasints) were not so
poor and had a much higher sense of honor.
I cannot say enough of the excellent roads
and foot-paths here in Germany, and especially
here in the Hartz, and, though the wild grand-
eur of our American scenery is lacking, it is
agreeable to see the perfect state of cultivation
everywhere, not a weed to be seen nor a fence
corner untidy (they have, however, no fences at
all). The meadows are green up to the edge of
the trees or to the border of the brooks, and in
the woods there is seldom loose brush to be seen,
because the poor people collect it all most care-
fully in order to have it to burn. Even when
not carrying hay, one scarcely sees a peasant
woman without a large basket strapped to her
back, in which she puts sticks or weeds she digs
up for the pigs. They are often knitting, too,
as they go along, or else carrying a baby, and
with one or two more at their skirts. The gene-
ral salutation to every one they meet is, " Tag,"
short for " Guten tag," which means " Good
day," and I find I get into the habit, too. Oc-
casionally they say, " Mahlzeit," which means,
literally, " meal-time." This seems very strange,
but must bear some relation to the fact that a
German is mostly ready for a meal. After meals,
the universal custom on leaving the table is to
say, "Gesegnetc mahlzeit" (may the meal be
blessed to you), and in many families where I
have visited, the heads of the family shake
hands with the guests, each giving the short
salutation, or else the entire company join
hands on rising, repeating the same. It is a
very pretty custom, but " Mahlzeit !" as a pass-
ing salutation, seems funny enough.
Not far from this old ruin, Scharzfels, which
I have described, are many other places of in-
terest, among others a series of excavations in
some neighboring similar rock-masses, used in
the very early times as a place for performing
the rites and ceremoniesoftheChristian brother-
hood, then struggling to gain a foothold in these
wild regions. The rock is a soft, limestone, and
many of these excavations are the work of na-
ture, and in some of them are stalactite forma-
tions. E. S. Kite.
Two Name-s for the Same Thixg. — Some
time ago the late Bishop of Derry delivered
an address before the undergraduates of Ox-
ford University, in which he administered the
following deserved rebuke to those immature
"thinkers" who, with ill-concealed supercilious-
ness, proclaim themselves as " agnostics." He
said : " You young men are very proud to call
yourselves agnostics. It's a Greek word. I
don't think you're equally fond of its Latin
equivalent, 'ignoramus.'" — Christian Advocate.
William Penn's Address to the Thoughtless
and Unconcerned.
Friends, as you are the .sons and daughters of
Adam, and my brethren after the flesh, often
and earnest have been my desires and prayers
to God on your behalf, that you may come to
know your Creator to be your Redeemer and
Restorer to the holy image (that through sin
you have lost), by tlie power and spirit of his
son Jesus Christ, whom He hath given for the
light and life of the world. And O that you,
who are called Cnristians, would receive Him
into your hearts ! For there it is you want Him,
and at that door He stands knocking that you
might let Him in, but you do not open to Him :
you are full of other guests, so that a manger is
his lot among you now, as well as of old. Yet
you are full of profession, as were the Jews when
He came among them, who knew Him not, but
rejected and evilly entreated Him. S) that if
you come not to the possession and experience
of what you profess, all your furmality in re-
ligion will stand you in no stead in the day of
God's judgment.
I beseech you ponder with yourselves your eter-
nal condition, and see what title, what ground
and foundation you have for your Christianity :
— if more than a profession, and an historical
belief of the Gospel. Have you known the
baptism of fire and the Holy Ghost, ami the fan
of Christ that winnows away the cha"ff in your
minds, the carnal lusts and affections? That
Divine leaven of the kingdom, that, being re-
ceived, leavens the whole lump of man, sancti-
fying him throughout in body, soul, and spirit?
If this be not the ground of your confidence,
you are in a miserable estate.
You will say, perhaps, that though you are
sinners and live in daily commission of sin, and
are not sanctified, yet you have faith in Christ,
who has borne the curse for you, and in Him
you are complete by faith, his righteousness
being imputed to you.
But, my friends, let me entreat you not to
deceive yourselves in so important a point, as
is that of your immortal souls. If you have true
faith in Christ, your faith will make you clean ;
it will sanctify you : for the saints' faith was
their victory of old ; by this they overcame sin
witliin, and sinful men without. And if thou
art in Christ, thou walkest not after the flesh,
but after the spirit, whose fruits are manifest.
Yea, thou art a new creature : new made, new
fashioned, after God's will and mould. Old
things are done away, and behold, all things
are become new: new love, desires, will, affec-
tions, and practices. It is not any longer thou
that livest, thou disobedient, carnal, worldly
one; but it is Christ that liveth in thee; and
to live is Christ, and to die is thy eternal gain •
because thou art assured that thy corruptible
shall put on incorruption, and thy mortal im-
mortality, and that thou hast a glorious house
eternal in the heavens, that will never grow old
or pass away. All this follows being in Christ,
as heat follows fire and light the sun.
Therefore have a care how you presume to
rely upon such a notion, as that you are in
Christ, whilst in your old fallen nature: for
what communion "hath light with darkness, or
Christ with Belial? Hear what the beloved
disciple tells you : "If we say we have fellow-
ship with God and walk in darkness, we lie, and
do not the truth." That is, if <ve go on in a
sinful way, are captivated by our carnal affec-
tions, and are not converted to God, we walk in
darkness, and cannot possibly in that state have
44
THE FRIEND.
any fellowship with God. Christ clothes them
with his righteousness that receive his grace in
their hearts and deny themselves and take up
his cross daily and follow Him. Christ's right-
eousness makes men inwardly holy; of holy
minds, wills and practices. It is nevertheless
Christ's, although we have it ; for it is ours, nut
by nature, but by faith and adoption ; it is the
gift of God. But still, though not ours, as of
or from ourselves, for in that sense it is Christ's,
for it is of and from Him; yet it is ours, and
must be ours in possesion, efficacy and enjoyment,
to do us any good, or Christ's righteousness will
profit us nothing. It was after this manner that
He was made, to the primitive Christians right-
eousness, sanctification, justification and redemp-
tion ; and if ever you will have the comfort, ker-
nel and marrow of the Christian religion, thus
you must come to learn and obtain it.
The world talks of God, but what do they
do? They pray for power, but reject the prin-
ciple in which it is. If you would know God
and worship and serve God as you should do,
you must come to the means He has ordained
and given for that purpose. Some seek it in
books, some in learned men ; but what they look
for is in themselves, though not o/themselves, but
they overlook it. The voice is too still, the seed
too small and the light shineth in darkness;
they are abroad, and so cannot divide the spoil,
but the woman that lost her silver found it at
home, after she had lighted her candle and swept
her house. Do you so, too, and you shall find
what Pilate wanted to know, namely, Trulh —
truth in the inward parts, so valuable in the
sight of God.
The light of Christ within, who is the light of
the world (and so a light to you, that tells you
the truth of your condition) leads all that take
heed unto it out of darkness into God's marvel-
lous light. For light grows upon the obedient,
it is sown for the righteous, and their way is a
shining light that shines forth more and more
to the perfect day.
Wherefore, oh. Friends, turn in, turn in, I
beseech you. Where is the poison, there is the
antidote. There you want Christ, and there you
must find Him ; and blessed be God, there you
may find Him. Seek and you shall find, I tes-
tify for God. But then you must seek aright,
with your whole heart, as men that seek for their
lives, yea, for their eternal lives, diligently,
humbly, patiently, as those that can taste no
pleasure, comfort or satisfaction in anything
else, unless you find Him whom your souls want
to know and love above all. Oh, it is a travail,
a spiritual travail ! Let the carnal, profane
world think and say as it will. And through
this path you must walk to the city of God,
that has eternal foundations, if ever you will
come there.
Well, and what does this blessed light do for
you? Why, first, it sets all your sins in order
before you ; it detects the spirit of this world in
all its baits and allurements, and shows how
man came to fall from God and the fallen es-
tate he is in. Secondly, it begets a sense and
sorrow, in such as believe it, for this fearful
lapse. You will then see Him distinctly whom
you have pierced, and all the blows and wounds
you have given Him by your disobedience, and
hnw you have made Him to serve with your
sins, and you will weep and mourn for it, and
your sorrow will be a godly sorrow. Thirdly,
after this it will bring you to the holy watch,
to take care that you do so no more, and
that the enemy surprise you not again. Then
thoughts, as well as words and works, will come
to judgment, which is the way of holiness,
in which the redeemed of the Lord do walk.
Here you will come to love God above all, and
your neighbors as yourselves. I>Iothing hurts,
nothing harms, nothing makes afraid on this
holy mountain. Now you come to be Christ's
indeed, for you are his in nature and spirit, and
not your own. And when you are thus Christ's,
then Christ is yours, and not before. And here
communion with the Father and with the Son
you will know, and the efficacy of the blood of
cleansing, even the blood of Jesus Christ, that
Immaculate Lamb, which speaks better things
than the blood of Abel, and which cleanseth
from all sin the consciences of those that, through
the living faith, come to be sprinkled with it
from dead works to serve the Living God.
Thus says one that God has long since mer-
cifully favored with his fatherly visitation and
who was not disobedient to the heavenly vision
and call ; to whom the way of truth is more
lovelv and precious than ever, and that know-
ing the beauty and benefit of it above all worldly
treasures, has chosen it for his chiefest joy, and
therefore recommends it to thy love and choice,
because He is with great sincerity and affection
thy soul's friend. — Riie and Progress of the Peo-
ple called Quakers.
For "The Friend."
Patagonia, its Nomads and Animals.
Patagonia, east of the Andes, was the home
of the Tehuelche Indians, a well developed race
of men, who inhabited what was regarded as a
desert country, that had been lifted up from the
bottom of the South Atlantic Ocean. There
are salt lakes and beds of salt left where the
sea water drained away. The soil is alluvial,
and a well-driller finds beds of sand, gravel,
clay, etc., but no rocks. The desert seems to
have been peculiarly well adapted to guanacos
and ostriches, and the flesh of these with dande-
lions, bunch grass seeds, fungi, etc., seems to
have been well adapted to sustain a race of men
that were physically magnificent.
For three hundred and si.xty years after Ma-
gellan's voyage, the Patagonian Indians held
their ground, but finally the demands of the
Argentine cattle and sheep men for more land,
required that the hunting grounds of the In-
dians should be taken, and the cheapest way to
obtain them was thought to be by war. Spears
says: " In these matters the civilized people of
Argentine have been as much like the civilized
people of the United States as two bullets from
one mould." A warof extermination was waged,
which reduced the Tehuelche nation from an
estimated population of three thousand to about
five hundred.
Of the Panther {Felis concolor), our author
sa)'s, nowhere in the world does it reach greater
size, or accumulate more fat. They are said
not to disturb men, but in addition to the Gu-
anacos on which they feed, they are quite de-
structive to the sheep, and hence are hunted
by the sheep growers. Its flesh is freely eaten.
It is called by the plainsmen a name which
means " the friend of man," and an anecdote
is told of a young woman named Maldonado,
who in a time of famine caused by war with
the Indians, wandered into the world seeking
edible roots. At the close of the war she was
restored to her people, and on the supposition
that she had deserted to the Indians, was con-
demned to be tied to a tree three miles from
town and left there to be eaten by wild beasts.
After two nights and a day soldiers were sent
to bring in her bones for burial, but to their
great astonishment she was found unhurt. She
said a panther had remained with her and had
driven off the jaguars and other beasts of prey
that came to destroy her.
Spears compares the armadillo to a thick
turtle without any breast-plate. It eats any-
thing. It kills serpents by squatting on them,
and sawing its body to and fro, so that th».
edges of its protective shell cut the snake
pieces. Although it eats many things that are
repulsive to civilized tastes, the armadillo is it-
self a most delicious article of food.
The ostrich is one of the most interesting
birds of the desert. The old cock-bird has a
harem of several hens. He builds a nest, and
the hens take turns in depositing their eggs in
it until it is full. Nests having forty eggs in
them are not uncommon. When the nest is full
enough, the old cock takes possession, and sits
on and cares for them until they are hatched.
When the eggs are hatched the male looks
after the brood — leads them about where food
is most abundant, and keeps his eyes open for
the ever near dangers, sounding a loud snorting
or rasping call when he sees a danger. When
a brood of young ostriches is warned by their
guardian, they instantly fade out of sight. Squat-
ting motionless, with his head in the sand, the
ostrich is so near in color like the sand and the
scant herbage that grows there, that even ex-
perienced hunters fail to see him.
Ostriches readily learn the habits of their
persecutors. When Patagonia was first dis-
covered by white men the aborigines were afoot,
and the ostriches, being hunted by men afoot,
were accustomed to flee at the sight of a man
afoot. The Spaniards introduced horses on the
pampas, and at first ostriches were not greatly
frightened by a man riding. Very soon, he
ever, they found the mounted man dangerous.
A ranch owner is found here and there who
will not permit ostrich hunting on his grounds
The birds quickly learn where they are safe,
and gather from surrounding districts in great
bands, leaving the hunting grounds bare. And,
what is more remarkable still, the very birds
that will flee for their lives when started by a
man on the hunted grounds will show not the
least concern at the approach of a man when
on safe ground. J. W.
How They Make Their Money. — When
a patent-medicine advertiser or a quack doctor
oflers to send two or any other number of bot-
tles/ree to persons who have chronic diseases
that require months or years for their termina-
tion or cure, the presumption is that the medi-
cines consist of stimulants or narcotics, which
will in the one case produce a spurious vigor
that is taken for improvement, and in the other'
a dullness of sensibility to pain which is taken
for the departure of its cause. The vendor in
such a case expects to make his money upon
the bottles which will be bought by the victims
before they discover that they are deriving no
real benefit. But the man who sends an appa-
ratus with unknown powers, such as " magne-
tism," "rings," "electricity," "polarization,"
" ozone," " X rays," or " vitativeness drawn from
atmosphere" has a shrewder scheme than the
others, for he can at least get his machine back ;
and the more absurd a thing is or the less known,
the more it stimulates faith, imagination, and
hope. So it is a " faith cure" besides. Every
time the patient feels better he attributes it to
the apparatus; when he feels worse he thinks
he might have died without it. — Christian Advo-
cate.
THE FRIEND.
45
IN MOTHERS PLACE.
In mother's place — so father said,
His kind hand resting on ray head,
While all the hiirdens of the day.
The care and troiihle, fell away !
New purpose seemtd to grow into me
To stiiiggle for the victory.
And by the fireside's happy light
1 breathed a silent prayer lo-night !
I never guessed in times gone by
How much there was to fret and try
The sweetest temper all day long 1
Was it today when things went wrong,
I checked the hast)', angry word,
Hearing the tones my childhood heard.
Seeing, in memory, the while.
The vision of a vanished smile?
The children, crowding at my side.
Need me, and will not be denied.
The home her presence made so bright
Needs me, and I must be its light.
The girls and boys too soon will go
From sheltering arms of love, I know —
May the sweet influence of home
Be theirs, wherever they may roam !
Yes ! it is little I can do;
Yet faith in God will bear me through.
And give me wisdom to fulfil
My duty, since it is his will
That these, who need a mother's care.
Should find in me — bereft of her.
And longing for her lovely face —
A guide and friend in mother's place !
-Qaiver.
For "The Feiknd."
A Picnic by the Rancocas.
On the eighth of the Eighth Month I ac-
cepted a kind invitation to join a family of
friends in spending a day by the banks of the
Rancocas. The loose boards that are used to
separate the baskets of produce in the farm-
wagon made comfortable seats, and although
twenty were seated thereon, there was yet room
for more. There were five young people from
one family and seven or eight from another,
and a little sprinkling of older people.
The day was warm, but a gentle breeze made
it rather pleasant riding. After leaving the
stone road, we soon entered on a farm, valuable
principally for the layer of moulding sand with
which it is underlaid^much of which has now-
been removed. The land appeared to be worth
almost nothing for agricultural purposes, yet
much of it was overrun with a native product
of wild plants, conspicuous for its abundance
among which was a species of wild bean {Siro-ph-
ostyles augulosa). It is a vine, sometimes grow-
ing to the length of several feet, either prostrate
on the ground, or climbing, if it finds suitable
plants near by to attach itself to. The flowers
are purplish in color, and the seed-vessels are
pods or legumes as they are called by botanists
— similar to those of the pea and bean. Hence
the natural family to which they belong is
termed Leguniinosa; or plants bearing legumes.
It was interesting to note how large a pro-
portion of the plants growing on this barren
sand belong to this " pod family." The most
notable among these for the size and abundance
of its yellow blo&soms and the beauty of its
foliage, was the Partridge Pea or Sensitive Pea
(Cassia ehamcFcrista). The flowers are about an
inch in diameter, and often from twenty to
fifty of these bright blossoms are clustered in a
single plant, making a most showy and beauti-
ful object; closely allied to this, but with much
smaller flowers, is the Wild Sensitive plant
{Cassia 7iietitans.) If a specimen of either is
plucked, the numerous leaflets which are so
systematically arranged on the opposite sides of
the common leaf-stalk, at once begin to close
up, so that it is difticult for a botanist to pre-
serve specimens in such a shape as to show the
natural appearance of these beautiful plant.s.
We found also many plants belonging to this
natural family, in which the pod, instead of
having the regular outline of a pea or bean-
pod, was indented on one or both sides, as if it
was built up of a number of separate pods joined
together. These belonged to one of several
species of Z>e.wiOf/«TOi, and had purple flowers.
These pods are generally covered with minute
hooked hairs, wliich adhere to clothing or to
the fleeces of animals, and are thus distributed
over the country.
We found also the Rattle-box (Crolalaria
Sagittali^), a small, yellow-flowered plant, in
which the pod is inflated, and when mature, con-
tain several loose seeds, which when shaken
rattle in their dried enclosures, from which cir-
cumstance is derived both its common and its
botanical names. This was a pleasing find,
since it brought to memory the botanical re-
searches of more than half a century ago.
Another interesting plant was the Ground-
nut (Apios tuberosa), a vine which climbed over
the adjacent bushes, and bore clusters of brown
purple flowers. It owes its common name to
its habit of bearing edible tubers on under-
ground shoots. It is a totally different plant
from that which is so extensively cultivated in
Virginia and North Carolina, which has a yel-
low blossom and produces pods, often under
the surface of the soil, which are called ground-
nuts or peanuts. Although that also is a mem-
ber of the Leguminosce.
This natural family contains an immense
number of species. Some, as the beans and
peas, are cultivated for food, others, as clover
and lucerne, furnish fodder for cattle ; logwood
and other tropical trees yield important color-
ing matters; and Indigo is prepared from a
plant of this order. It furnishes also valuable
balsams and gums, such as Gum Tragacanth,
Gum Arabic and Gum Senegal.
We found refuge from the sun's rays in a
thick shade near the banks of the Rancocas,
and clo.-e by a fine spring of cold water, which
added much to the pleasantness of the situation.
The little people seemed to enjoy trotting about
in the sand, freed from the incumbrance of
shoes and stockings, and made a playhouse in
the sand, enclosed by a circle of little sticks set
upright, and containing a central pile of sand
for a table, and four small piles around it, to
represent chairs. They showed considerable
agility in climbing into the wagon in pursuit of
apples, which it contained.
In due season a fire of sticks was built and
dinner prepared, and this together with bathing
in the stream and some slight exploration of
the neighboring country occupied the time till
it was seasonable to return homeward.
Among the plants we met with were two
species of Dodder ( Cuscuta). This curious plant
is without leaves, and has thread-like yellowish
stems. Soon after rising from the ground it com-
mences to twine around the stems of plants
growing near it, and becomes entirely parasitic,
deriving its nourishment from the bark of its
host. One of the dodders we found was a con-
fused tangle of yellow threads spreading over
the branches of the shrub it had selected for its
foster-mother.
In walking along the margin of the stream
my attention was arrested by a spike of violet
blue flowers, surmounting a water plant with
a large heart-shaped leaf on the stem. It was
the i?ickerel-weed {Pontederia cordata), which
grows abundantly in reach of tide-water along the
Delaware Riveranditstributaries. On theupper
part of each flower are two small yellow dots.
A botanical friend had given me some weeks
before a South American specimen, the Ponte-
deria crasKipes, which when placed in a pot of
water seemed to thrive well. In this the foot-
stalk of each leaf contained a large oval swel-
ling, probably an air bladder, designed to sup-
port the leaf on the surface of the water, and hold
up the flower stems. One morning we were sur-
|)rised to find that during the night the plant
had developed a flower stem of several inches
in height, and had five large flowers fully
opened. On each of these were two yellow spots
similar to those I observed on our native Pon-
tederia. This common trait on two species so
diflTerent from each other was an interesting
phenomenon.
The Reed (Phragmites communis) was in
liloora plentifully in the adjoining marshes.
This tall and coarse grass somewhat resembles
broom corn in a]>pearance when in flower. Its
seeds are a favorite food of the Bob-o-link or
reed-bird, which is sure to be here when the
seed ripens. J. W.
Marriage Customs Among Cliinese.
An instance of the breaking up of an early
betrothal came under my notice, illustrative of
both the old and the new order of things. At
Go-ho-ki, where our first chapel was built, there
lived a man of great local influence, named
Tan Phauh. He was a powerfully built man,
who had been through several rebellions on the
mainland, and was not used to having his plans
thwarted by anybody. His services in connec-
tion with the establishing of our first church
are told hereafter. He was a loyal Chinese,
and, although he became one of our earliest
converts, he never was unpatriotic or disloyal
as a citizen.
There lived with the family a girl who was
betrothed to his second son. She was a good,
hard-working girl, and was kindly treated, and
really loved as a daughter. The whole family
became Christian, and this son joined my class
of students and travelled with us, preparing him-
self for the ministry. Association with other
students, and college life at Tamsui, widened
his horizon and greatly developed his intellec-
tual powers. He began to think for himself,
and self consciousness developed independence.
His ideals were enlarged and his standards of
life changed. The thought of his betrothal
began to be burdensome. He had nothing
against the girl, but she was not his ideal, and
he could not cherish for her the "supreme af-
fection for one " that philosophers call love.
She was uneducated, and took no interest in
the larger subjects and ambitions that now fired
his soul. Under such circumstances young men
who, thinking themselves in love, voluntarily
entered into an engagement without the advice
or knowledge of their parents have been known
to fret and become discontented. Poor Theng
cannot, then, be blamed for fretting over a be-
trothal to which he was not a party, made years
before he understood or cared.
On the occasion of one of his visits home the
question of his marriage to Sim pu was raised,
and he distinctly refused. He did not love the
girl and could not marry her. The grief, dis-
api)ointment, and anger of his parents were
almost beyond control. Thej' were Christians,
but the custom was an old one, and besides,
they loved Sim-pu. The father went to bed
and stayed there till his anger cooled. The
46
THE FRIEND.
mother felt even more strongly. I visited them
and reasoned with them, explaining the nature
and terms of Christian marriage, and the teach-
ings of the Bible on the subject. The eldest
son agreed with me, and thought his brother
should be allowed to choose for himself. The
youngersonstood by the venerable social custom,
and wanted to know what kind of a lady Theng
would like for a wife, that he should refuse one
whom they all loved so much. But Theng was
unmoved. In the struggle between love and
custom the tender passion prevailed. He would
not give his hand, for he could not give his
heart. The girl felt badly, for she had had her
day-dreams.
Theng married a girl he loved, and Sim-pu
married a young farmer living a few miles
away. The old man often told me that only
Christianity and the grace of God could recon-
cile him to his son's action. The girl did not
cherish any hard feelings, as she would have
done were she not a Christian. When passing
near where she lived, she insisted on my visit-
ing her new home, and her welcome to myself
and the students who were with me had no sug-
gestion of animosity or secret regret.
Waste and Hard Times.
This nation wastes, yea, worse than wastes,
§1,500,000,000 annually on rum, for the waste
has a reflex influence. It breeds indolence,
crime and vice of everj' character.
Although we hear the constant cry of " hard
times," yet if any one stands on a principal
street of our city on Saturday night, between
seven and eight o'clock, and sees the laboring
classes pouring in and out of the saloons, like
bees in a hive, they could not tell that we were
in the midst of " hard times." Then it certainly
is our wasted resources that produce " hard
times," all talk to the contrary notwithstanding.
For the next few months we will have a na-
tion of lunatics so far as actions are concerned.
I mean they will get in line, with banner and
torch, march through rain and mud, clap their
hands, stamp their feet, and halloo themselves
hoarse, at the statement of men who wilfully
deceive them as to the real cause of " hard
times."
Let the nation bear in mind that no system
of protection nor tariS' can bring permanent
good times while the American or un-American
saloon is allowed to exist. The vast resources
of this country are amply sufficient to put every
man, woman and child beyond the reach of
want, and yet intemperance is stalking abroad
in the land, devouring half of our substance
each year.
Then think of the amounts consumed each
year for tobacco. Here, many Christians are
to blame, and some who are ministers of the
Gospel will chew and spit, smoke and puff", snufl^
and sneeze, and not only injure their constitu-
tions, and their reputations, but waste the
Lord's money. " Be ye clean that bear the
vessels of the Lord." Millions of the nation's
money is wasted annually for superfluous orna-
ments, such as do the wearer no good at all.
There can, I am sure, be no excuse for a Chris-
tian wearing finger-rings, ear-rings and such
trinkets. They can do no good at all, and only
indicate pride in the heart of the wearer.
I know it is urged by some Christians that
these things do not make them proud. Possibly
they do not, but they are sure signs that we are
proud. If I go out on the commons and see a
horse or cow with a yoke on, my first impression
is, that is a rogue. The yoke does not make it
a rogue, but it is a sure sign that it is one ; and
if it was not it would not wear the yoke. Mil-
lions are wasted for costly burial outfits and
granite monuments, which do no good. I won-
der who started such customs, and why Chris-
tians could fall into the habit. Some one will
call me an extremist, a fogy, and I do not care.
These are my sentiments.
But, in conclusion, our city has a committee
raising six thousand dollars to expend on fire-
works to-morrow, July 4th, and there will be
twice that amount wasted by private individ-
uals. What for? Just for show. It means
"sounding a trumpet of patriotism," showing
to the world our patriotism, when we are in-
dulging in some of the most unpatriotic habits
and customs, and thousands of our citizens on
the point of starvation. Shame !
To be sure, millions now are worse than
squandered in .secret societies each year. These
are among the most gigantic swindles known to
men, and are among the causes of our "hard
times." — (Portland, Ore.), Chrklian Cynosure.
Ought Christians to Patronize the Theatre?
BY THEODORE L. CUYEER.
In attempting to answer the above question
I shall speak of the average theatre and the gen-
eral character of performances on the stage in
this country. I do not deny that there are clean
plays performed by clean actors, and that some
Christian people may sometimes derive a pure
intellectual enjoyment from witnessing " Ham-
let" or some kindred masterpiece of genius im-
pressively rendered. Nor do I deny that there
are many good people who would rejoice to have
the stage everywhere and always a school of
pure morals and ennobling influence. It is not
the theatre as it ought to be that I am discus-
sing, but the theatre as it is, and as a totality.
The play-house is a popular institution ; and as
an institution does it deserve the moral support
and the pecuniary patronage of the followers of
Jesus Christ?
When the question was once up for discus-
sion, my old friend, the late Dr. Howard Cros-
by, aflirmed in his terse, blunt fiishion that " the
theatre is a nasty place," and he confirmed his
bold remark by a startling array of facts gath-
ered during his long life in his native ciiy of
New York. Dr. Crosby was a minister of the
Gospel, and some might contend that his point
of view was too puritanical. Mrs. Fanny Kera-
ble Butler was, in her early life, a celebrated
actress, and belonged to the most famous his-
trionic family that ever lived ; in her later years
she uttered a very emphatic condemnation of
the general influence of the stage both upon its
performers and its patrons. The brilliant nov-
elist, Mr. William D. Howells, has never been
regarded as extremely puritanical ; but a k\v
mouths ago, in a leading literary journal, he
said that while the theatre is often called a school
of morals, " it is ftir oftener a school of immorals," i
and that it frequently teaches, by example if not
by precept, infamous things and atrocious things.
Mr. Howells, with vehement earnestness, re-
marks : " If any pulpit vice were preached by
mockeries of purity and appeals to lubricity
such as we are used to in the theatre; if lying
were inculcated, and passion put above duty ;
if revenge were taught as something noble; if
homicide were lightly invoked, and adultery
treated as a comical affair, somehow the law
would reach that pulpit, although the State
professes to have no relation with the Church.
In like manner, if in any private school or col- .
lege the humanities were imparted by a chair
devoted to the study of those authors whose
work befouls literature, the law would some-
how intervene to prevent the mischief, although
the effect might be logically blamed as a social-
istic meddling with private enterprise. The
theatre, however, is left unmolested in almost
any excess : ideas are enacted if not expressed
there which are simply abominable. We all
know it ; we can prove it at any time ; it is un-
deniable."
One of the reasons why a Christian should
not patronize the stage is that it constantly un-
sexes women by presenting her before the pub-
lic gaze in masculine attire. The common law
forbids this elsewhere, anil a woman who is de-
tected on the streets in a man's dress will be
subject to arrest by the police. Far worse than
the assumption of a masculine dress is the well
known fact that hundreds of women exhibit
themselves on the stage in such a pitiless scan-
tiness of attire as to outrage common decency.
Christian brother, would you like to see your
own sister or any lady friend exposing herself
in such a plight? Yet when you enter the play
house you pay your money to encourage some-
body else's sister or wife or daughter to make a
sorry spectacle of herself f)r your amusement!
" Be not partakers of other per-sons' sins" is a
wholesome text for you to consider before you
buy your ticket to the theatre : for whatever
you pay the manager to present on his stage
you are to a certain extent responsible for. How
any Christian lady can patronize an institution
that degrades her own sex is an enigma for an
honest conscience to solve.
If the theatre is a school of morals, as its de-
fenders constantly contend, then the teachers in
that school ought not only to learn their own
lessons, but to bear the most high and irre-
proachable character. I do not affirm that
every actor is immoral or every actress is im-
pure; but I have no doubt that the best of them
would confess that if they manage to preserve
a delicate purity of heart they do so in the face
of terrible temptations. A celebrated actress
told a friend of mine that she "only enters a
theatre to enact her own part, and has as little
association as possible with the members of her
own profession." An actor who had quit the
stage from conscientious convictions once said
to me, when we passed the play house in which
he had often performed, " behind those curtains
lies Sodom !" It is notorious that a very large
proportion of the plays presented in the average
theatre contain more or less of immoral teach-
ing; and the exhibition which the theatre makes
of itself in the pictorial advertisements that cover'
the dead walls is enough to reveal its true char-
acter. The theatre, as I have already remarked,
is a public institution to be estimated by the
sum total of its influence, just as the pulpit is.
And if a follower of the Lord Jesus Christ be-
stows his pecuniary patronage upon the theatre,
then is he to that degree responsible for it, and
in a moral partnership with it.
There is an old and plausible theory that if
Christian people would all agree to sustain an
entirely unexceptionable drama by unexcep-
tionable performers, the theatre would be re-
generated. It is a lamentable fact that this has
proved to be an "iridescent dream." The ex-
periment has not proved successful when fairly
attempted. The theatre manager is not a pro-
fessional philanthropist ; he " runs" his business
simply and solely to make money. He pro-
duces what pays best; and if he can spice his
THE FRIEND.
47
vening eiitei-tainments with a plot that turns
n some sort of sexual depravity, or burlesque
f evangelical religion, or a shameless exposure
f physical beauty, the temptation to fill his
loflers is too strong to be resisted. The licen-
ious stage and the Sabbath-breaking prtss are
lOth conducted for filthy lucre; and the Chris-
ian who contributes to the support of either or
f both is responsible for the spiritual mischief
hat they work.
A Christian needs recreation as much as any
ne else; but that recreation only is fit for a
rue Christian which makes the body healthier,
he mind clearer and the immortal powers more
igorous. Whatever endangers self-purity and
nflames evil passions is a sinful amusement.
\Vherever a servant of Christ cannot take his
\Iaster with him, he has no right to go; wher-
'ver he cannot ask a blessing on his pleasures,
18 h;is no business to be. Let him try this sim-
ile test on the average theatre, and he will find
hat the outside of the play house is the right
iide. There are certainly enough innocent and
.vholesonie recreations without venturing upi'U
)ne of doubtful morality— much less upon one
.vbich has wrought spiritual shipwreck upon
hoiisands of souls. If the theatre has not helped
naiiy toward heaven, it has assuredly been to
multitudes, especially of the young, a gateway
;o perdition.
Jesus Christ commands his followers to " come
)ut and be separate." He drew a sharp, dis-
Linet dividing line between the " walking in the
Spirit" and fulfilling the lusts of the flesh— be-
tween the pleasures of sin and the pleasures of
a clean heart and a useful life. There is a teu-
rieney in thete self indulgent days to reduce this
line to a mere chalk mark easily rubbed out!
And when that dividing line is entirely effaced,
then the nominal Christian and the people of
the world can dance together in the same ball
room, sit together around the same decanters
of wine, and occupy adjoining boxes in the same
theatre ! How long will it take for such a Chris-
tianity to convert this world to the service of
God T — The Presbyterian,
An Experience at Kano.
Soon after our arrival, a sup])lementary pres-
ent from the king appeared, consisting of a hun-
dred thousand cowries, an ox, a goat, three im-
mense sacks of rice and a large bag of wheat.
On receiving the cowries I was informed, what
I subsequently ascertained to be correct, that
it was customary to give the bearer ten thousand
cowries for himself. They are delivered as a
rule in bags containing twenty thousand each.
Noticing that the man who was responsible for
their safe carriage had brought one which was
obviously underweight, some two thousand cow-
ries having been extracted from it, I asked him
if he was certain that this particular bag con-
tained its proper amount. On receiving his
assurance to that efl^ect, I told him to sit down
and count from this bag the ten thousand cow-
ries, which, according to the native custom, I
owed him. He did so with great alacrity, think-
ing, no doubt, that the white man was sadly
lacking in sagacity to allow a creditor to count
his own mfiney unchecked. I noticed that he
took full advantage of his privilege, and so far
as I could judge, the sura which he counted ex-
ceeded by at least two thousand cowries that to
which he was entitled. His task completed, I
asked him again if he was sure that the bag
as delivered by him had originally contained
twenty thousand cowries. On his reply in the
affirmative, I suggested to him that this being
so, the amount which remained over must there-
fore be ten thousand. On his assuring nie that
my calculation was correct, I told him to leave
with me the ten thousand which he had just
counted, and to take the rest as his due. He
departed with a look of chagrin on his face
which it was piteous to see, but doubtless with
his opinion as to the intelligence of the white
man very considerably improved. — Haiisa-land.
THE FRIEND.
:iGIITII MONTH 2'J, 18%.
Taming a Humming-Bird.
Several cases are on record of attempts to
tame humming-birds, but when placed in a cage
they do not thrive and soon die. The orange
groves of Southern California abound in these
attractive creatures, and several can often be
seen about the flowering bushes, seeking food
or chasing each other in play. Once, when
living on the slopes of the Sierra Madre Moun-
tains, where they were very plentiful, I accom-
plished the feat of taking one in my hand.
I first noticed it in the garden, resting on a
mustard-stalk, and, thinking to see how near I
could approach, I gradually moved toward it
by pretending to be otherwise engaged, until I
was within five feet of it. The bird looked at
me calmly, and I moved slowly nearer, whis-
tling gently to attract its attention, as I began
to think something was the matter with it. It
bent its head upon one side, eyed me sharply,
then flew to another stalk a few feet away, con-
templating me as before. Again I approached,
taking care not to alarm it, and this time I was
almost within reaching distance before it flew
away.
The bird seemed to have a growing confidence
in me, and 1 became more and more deliberate
in my movements, until I finally stood beside
the little creature, gazing at me with its head
tipped upon one side, as if questioning what I
was about. I then withdrew and approached
again, repeating this several times before I
stretched out my hand to take it, at which it
flew to another bush. But the next time. It
allowed me to grasp it, and I had caught a wild
bird, open-handed, without even the use of salt !
Such instances must be rare where birds are
familiar with human beings. In some of the
islands of the South Pacific, birds have been
found that had never seen a man before, and
allowed themselves to be picked up, and even
had to be ])Ushed out of peoples' way.
One of the curious features of humming-birds
is that they are never found in Europe, being
exclusively American, ranging in this country
from the extreme north to the tropics, adiiing
to the beauty of fiehl and grove, being veritable
living gems. Nothing can approach the hum-
ming-bird in its gorgeousness of decoration. It
is especially rich in metallic tints, seemingly
splashed with red, blue, green and other bronzes.
Some appear to be decked in a coat of mail,
others blazing in the sunlight with head-dresses
and breastplates that are dazzling to behold,
and defy description. The smallest of birds,
they are one of the most beautiful of the many
ornaments of our fields and gardens. — From Our
Animal Friends.
Among all the agencies for bringing about
the regeneration of men the lives of Christians
are to be reckoned as belonging to the most
effective. Every man makes the world better
by making himself better. The power of the
Holy Spirit attends genuine Christian example.
— Parish, Visitor.
We have received a communication from our
English Friend, John William Craham, cor-
recting what he regards is a misunderstanding
in an extract from a letter published in Tjik
Fkiend of Eighth Month 8th, which conveys
the impression that some of the members of
London Yearly Meeting absent them.selve» from
its sittings because they do not sympathize with
its proceedings. The following extracts from
J. W. G's letter explain his view :
Dear Friend : — The editorial position in thy i.ssue
of Eighth Month 8lh, is occupied by a paragrai)h
calling attention to the fact that a communication
in T/ie liritiah Friend "states or implies that true
Friends have latterly found the condition of the
meetings of London Yearly Meeting so uncomfort-
able that they have tacitly consented to remain
absent, thus preventinK the Yearly Meeting from
being truly representative of the condition of the
Body."
There is a great misunderstanding here. I know
of no English Friends who so absent themselves.
If there are such, unknown to me, it is limited to
a very few, and the reason is more one of pergonal
peculiarity than anything else. There is no wide
abstention such as would affect the representative
character of the Y'early Meeting. On searching
the Bri/ish Friend for the alleged statement, I was
surprised to find what must have been its basis in
an article of my own, an editorial of Sixth Month
oth, on "The Sound Yearly Meetings." I then
wrote that the Y'early Meeting was only partially
representative because " its arrangement's can only
be met by the wealthy and the leisured,"" changed
circumstances make most of our members unable
to spend a fortnight or even a week in London in
Fifth Month."
This is apparently the text which has been so
misconstrued. It seems worth while to correct a
statement which tends to cause an unwarranted
alienation of sympathy and respect between thy
readers and our Friends in England. I find in
moving among Friends in America, that distance
and want of knowledge have caused differences to
be exaggerated in more connections than one.
Thy Friend truly,
John \V. Graham.
Philadelphia, Eighth Month 8th, 1896.
We forwarded his communication to the
friend whose letter gave occasion for it, with
the hope that he would be able definitely to
state whether or not his inference was derived
from the editorial in The British Friend of
Sixth Month 5th, but the reply received from
him states that he has not on hand a file oi The
British Friend, and he appears to be unable
from memory to answer the question decidedly.
Under these circumstances, it seems to us pro-
per to accept the explanation given by J. W.
Graham.
SUMMARY OF EVENTS.
United States. — A conference of Friends, princi-
pally of the Race Street liranch, has been held the
past week at Swarthniore, Delaware Coimty, Pa. The
principal suhjecis considered were : Education, pliilan-
thropic labor and the interests of Friends. The at-
tendance has been large, one day numbering about
four thous.and.
From official information received by the Treasury
Department from twenty-one countries, the coinage of
silver during the calend'ar year 1895 amounted in the
aggregate to |il 13,672,200.
Ex-Congrefsman Bonrke Cockran addressed a great
Democratic meeting in Madison Square Garden, Xew
York, on the night of the 18th instant, in replv to the
speech of William J. Bryan, the Chicago nominee for
President, delivered at the notilication meeting on the
12th. The attendance was the largest at any meeting
ever held in the Garden, about 18,000 persons being
present.
48
THE FRIEND.
A mortgage for $2,000,000 was recently placed on a
single building in New York.
Several of the big railroads leading out of New
York have issued notices ordering relrenohments.
This is chiefly due to the falling off in freight owing
to the uncertainties of the business situation. Officials
say that shippers seem to be limiting themselves to
the necessities of the next three months, and are ap-
parently awaiting the outcome of the election.
The output of salmon from the Columbia Eiver,
which was expected to be 50 per cent, short this year,
will be within 75,000 of the large total of 512,000 cases
put up in 1895.
Madison, the last saloon county on the main line of
the Illinois Central Railroad, between the Tennessee
and Louisiana State lines, a distance of some three
hundred miles, has voted against license in a Local
Option election, by a majority of 20 votes. All the
leading politicians of both parties were on the side of
rum, the preachers, the women and a few brave lay-
men led the fight for prohibition.
A correspondent of the New Y'ork Voice, writing
from Atlanta, Ga., on the 15th instant, says: "To-
day the Populists nominated a Prohibition candidate
for Governor of this Slate on a Prohibition platform.
Morgan County, one of the strongholds of whiskey,
with bar-rooms in full blast and an immense jug trade
to Prohibition counties, and with every rounty offi-
cial, all Democrats, in open advocacy of the saloons,
went Prohibition by a large majority. The county
had 2,400 voters on that day, and the 1,500 negro
votes put out the saloons, with a mnjority of 528 for the
Prohibition ticket. This is a pointer for the coming
State election, and gives warrant to the belief that
Seaborn Wright, the anti-bar-room candidate, may be
the next Governor of Georgia."
Last week, George Ellwood, aged fourteen years, a
newsboy, died in great agony, after, it is said, having
smoked nineteen cigarettes in rapid succession.
Professor Frederick William Crouch, of Biltimore,
Md., composer of " Kathleen Mavourneen," died on
the 18th instant, in Portland, Me., aged eighty-eight
years.
Word has been received of the loss of the American
ship Willie Rosen/dd, owned by Arthur B. Sewall &
Co., of Bath, Me., off the coast of England. Two
boats, containing fourteen persons, are missing.
Deaths in this city last week numbered 382, which
is 456 less than the previous week — a result of the fall
in temperature — and 83 less than the corresponding
week of 1895. Of the whole number, 137 were under
one year of age; 198 were males and 184 females:
66 died of cholera infantum; 39 of sunstroke; 29 of
marasmus ; 29 of consumption ; 17 of inanition ; 15 of
inflammation of the stomach and bowels; 12 of old
age; 11 of inflammation of the brain; 9 of pneu-
monia; 9 of uraemia, and 9 from casualties.
Markets, &e.— U. S. 2's, 91 J; 4's, reg., 105 a 105| ;
coupon, 106 a 106|; 4's, new, 113 a 113J; 5's, 108|
a 109|; C'lrrency 6's, 102 a 104.
Cotton. — The market ruled quiet, but steady, on a
basis of 8^c. per pound for middling uplands.
Feed.— Winter bran in bulk, quoted $9.00 a $10.00,
and spring do., in sacks, at $9.00 a $9.75 per ton.
Flour. — Winter super, $1.90 a $2.15; do., extras,
12.15 a$2.30 ; Pennsylvania roller, clear, $2.75 a $3.00;
do., do., straight, $3.00 a $3.25 ; Western winter, clear,
$2.75 a $3.00; do., do., straight, $3.00 a $3.25; do.,
do., patent, $3.35 a $3.55 ; spring, clear, $2.50 a $2.75 ;
do., straight, $3.00 a $3.25 ; do., patent, $3.30 a $3.55 ;
do., favorite brands, higher. City mills, extra, $2.00
a $2.25; do., clear, $2.75 a $3.00; do., straight, $3.00
a $3.25 ; do., patent, $3.40 a $3.75. Rye Flour was
dull, but steady, at $2 40 per barrel for choice Penn-
sylvania.
Grain.— No. 2 red wheat, 63 a 03ic.
No. 2 mixed corn, 28 a 28}c.
No. 2 white oats, 24 a 25c.
Beef Cattle.— Extra, 4| a 5 ; good, 4| a 4^c.;
medium, 4J a 4}c.; common. Si a 4c.; far Western,
3i a 4c.; texans, 3| a 3jc.
Sheep AND La.mbs. — Extra, 4 a 4Jc.; good, 3J a3}c.;
medium, 3 a 'i\c.; common, 2i a 2Jc.; culls, 1 a 2c.;
lamlis, 3a7c.
Hoas.— Western, 5} a 5Jc. ; State, 5 a 5}c.
FouEiON. — An American missiimary named Snyder
has arrived in LiverpODl from the Congo Free Slate.
He says he penetrated more than a thou-and miles in
the interior of the Slate and discovered a large lake.
The wife of the missionary died recently.
The Madrid authorities have discovered the exist-
ence of a plot to blow up the castle of La Granja, the
residence of the Infanta Isabella, aunt of the King.
During the artillery practice by the ships of a
French fleet off Toulon on the 18th inst., a rapid-fire
gun on the lorpeilo cruiser Vantour was turned on the
battleship Breunus. The helmsman was seriously
wounded and the conning tower, from which Admiral
Gervais was watching, was partly wrecked.
The members of the Conway expedition, accom-
panied by Dr. Fridjof Nansen, whose failure to reach
the North Pole by drifting in the steamer Fram was
lately chronicled, have arrived at Hammerfest, Nor-
way.
Nansen's Arctic expedition has at last, after an ab-
sence of three years, been heard from, and the news
is full of interest. He did not reach the North Pule,
but he came within 250 miles of it, which is about
150 miles nearer than any other man is ever known
to have gone.
Professor Andree has abandoned for this year the
idea of crossing the Arctic regions in a balloon. The
season is too far advanced to justify an ascension.
Dr. Hirschfeld, a well-known physician of Magde-
i.urg, Germany, was recently arrested on charge of
malpractice. The specific charge was that he had re-
fused to give one of his patients alcohol who was sup-
posed to need it. The doctor, like the more advanced
German physicians, is discarding liquor from his
practice, and made such a defense of the charge that
the court not only discharged the physician but as-
sessed the cost of the defense against the prosecution.
It is said there is no market in Germany for Amer-
ican boots and shoes, as the shapes worn in America
would not do there.
Concerning the state of the crops in Russia, it is
said that the concensus of opinion is that the harvest
there is an absolute failure.
The Porte is willing to grant a new Constitution to
Crete, the main features of which are the appoint-
ment of a Christian Governor and the establishment
of a Cretan financial autonomy, with the payment of
tribute to the Sultan under the general guarantee of
ll p European Powers. A majority of the Chrislian
D^.-puties of Crete are willing to accept the conditions.
The first rail of the Uganda Riilway, in British
East AfricM, has been laid with due ceremony.
The powerful Matabele c.'iiefs have surrendered to
the British forces, and it is believed that the war is
ended.
Last year the people of New South Wales spent
more ihan 82,000,000 for liqu >r, which amounted to
more than $15 per head. Last year, the convictions
for drunkenness in this same country amounted to
14,639.
Official returns from British Columbia to the Do-
minion Government show that in 1894 the aggregate
value of precious metals ra ned in the Prnvinr-e was
$1,000,000; last year the value was $5,038,375, and
this year ifie output will be greater, judging from the
three months ended Seventh Month loth, when the
esiiTiiated value of gold smelted and shipped was
$1,750,000.
The wheat crop of Manitoba does not promise well
this year. It is estimated that it will not exceed 60
percent, of last year's crop, which amounted to31,000,-
000 bushels.
All the banks in Newfoundland refuse to accept
American silver coin, owing to the " uncertainty of
financial and political problems in the United Slates."
RECEIPTS.
Unless otherwise specified, two dollars have been re-
ceived from each person, paying for vol. 70.
Hamilton Haines, N. J.; C. R. West, Iowa ; H. S.
De Cou, N. J.; George Haines, Jr., N. J ; Margaret
E. Rhoads, Pa.; Mary E. Windle, Ind.; Clarkson
M.L.re, Agent, Pa., $32, for himself, Truman C. Moore,
Sarah B. Chambers, Del., Geo. R. Chambers, Eliza-
beth C. Cooper, Horatio G. Cooper, Thompson Frame,
Priscilla H. Hughes, Wm. B. Harvey, S. Morris Jones,
Elizabeth W. Moore, Harvey Murray, Hannah J.
Reid, Abi M. Whitson, Wm. Wickersham and Sarah
M. Walter ; Wm. Stanton, Agent, Ohio, $20, forLind-
ley P. Bailey, Mary P. Dawson, Jesse Bailey, John
Bundy, James Steer, Wm. Pickett, Samuel C. Smith,
Ann Eliza Wilson, Samuel Walton and James Wal-
ton ; John Carey, Agent. O., $10, for Jacob Barrett,
Wm. Haworth, Isaiah M. Haworth, Ruth B. Mather
and Catharine Ann Stanton ; J. T. Scofield and for
Perley Pickett, O.; Jonathan R. Lukens, Pa., per
Martha T. Shoemaker ; Wm. W. Hazard, Agent, N.
Y., for Gilbert Weaver; Richard T. Osborn and for
Edmunn L. Post, N. Y'.; John Letchworlh, Gtn.; Ed-
ward S. Lowrv, Phila.; Edward Richie, Phila , and for
Hannah D. White, O.; Elizabeth Allen, Phila.; Amy
J. Brooks, N. J.; Allen T. Leeds, Phila., and for Sus-
anna T. Clement, N. J; C. F.Saunders, Phila.; Joseph
Jones, N. J.; Jos. S. Middleton, N. J.; Henry Newton,
England, 10s.; Jane Cronk, Canada, $1, to No. 39,
vol. 70 ; Samuel T. Haight, Agent, Canada, $19, for
Jos. H. Clayton, Anna B.Cornell, Henry S. Moore,
Anna H. Moore, Agnes Henderson, Jos. G. Pollard,
Geo. Pollard, Jesse Stover, Joshua Waring to No. 23,
vol. 71, and John Moore, $1 ; Benj. W. Passmore, Pa.,
$6, for himself, Joseph Passmore and Wm. Cope ;
Levi R. Cowperthwaile, N. J.; Margaret Kite, 0.;
Edmund Wood and Geo. Wood, N. J.; for Abbie
Walmsley, Pa.; El ward G. Smedley, Pa.; L. O. Stan-
ley, Agent, In<l., $8, for Marv M. Frazier, Mary A.
Osborn, Joel W. Hodson and Wm. C. Stanley ; Phebe
E. Hall, Agent, O., $S, for Elisha Doudna, Jesse D.
Hall, Maria Htrtley and Hannah A. Webster; Henry
B. Leeds, Agent, N. J., for Hannah R. Maule and
Sallie A. Kaighn ; John B. Rhoads, N. J., to No. 5,
vol. 71 ; P. Ellis De Cou, N. J.; Mary W. Roberts, N.
J.; Ellen Bromley, Phila.; Anna P. Chambers, Pa.;
Sarah Satterthwaile, Pa.; J. S. Kirk, Pa.; Samuel M.
Troth, M. D., Phila.; Elton B. Gifford, Phila , and for
Raphael G. Moore and John S. Penneil, Fla.; Clark-
son Moore, Agent, Pa., $6, for J. .Adrian Moore, Sarah
L. Passmore and Thos. L. Passmore ; Reece L. Thom-
as, Pa.
B&^ Remittance.^ received after Third-d'iy evening mil
not appear in the Receipts until the following week.
NOTICES.
Correction. — In the poem "In Memoriam," on
page 28 of The Friend and in ninth stanza, first line,
the word "unfolds" should be enfolds."
The Memorial of Deborah B. Webb, issued by Ken-
net Monthly Meeting, has been printed and is for sale
at Friends' Book Store, 304 Arch Street, Philadel-
phia. Price, 5 cents. ,
Died, on Eighth Month 12th, 1896, at his home in
Germantown, William Henry Brown, aged forty-
sixyears,a memberandoverseerof Frankford Monthly
and Germantown Particular Meeting. This dear
Friend was brought, in early life, to feel his great need
of a Savionr, and as he yielded to the precious invi-
tations extended from time to time, he was favored to
grow in grace and to experience the efficacy of the
redeeming love of Christ, with a full assurance that,
if faithful to his convictions, he would realize the
promise, " I will never leave thee nor forsake thee."
He was a useful and consistent member of the Society
of Friends, and was firmly convinced of the Truths of
the Gospel as held by it. His faithfulness in the at-
tendance of meetings and in other things which he
felt were required of him by his Heavenly Father,
cost him many trials, which were cheerfully submitted
10. He was gentle and loving in spirit, and manifested
in bis daily walk and conversation that he was en-
deavoring to follow Christ. He was deeply concerned
to testify publicly of the joy and peace which he had
experienced, and to encourage others to be faithful in
seeking for a like ble-sing. The last year of his life
was one of bodily suffering and weakness, and though
he expressed but little towards the close, his family
and friends have the comfortable assurance that he
has been gathered to the just of all generations.
, at her residence, the tenth of Eighth Month,
1896, Abig\il D. Coppock, in the fifty-fifth year of
her age. A beloved member of Springville Monthly
Meeting of Friends, Linn County, Iowa. Although
the summons came suddenly to her mourning friends,
as they were hopeful until near the last, yet she gave,
evidence that she had not lefl the all-important work
of preparation for the final change until prostrated
upon a bed of sickness, and patiently endured her suf-
fering, which was great at times, saying, when desires
were expressed for her recovery, " We must be in
submission ;" and a short time before her death she
said she had nothing but love for everybody. And we
humbly trust our loss is her eternal gain, that, through
redeeming love and mercy, she has been gathered lo a
belter inheritance.
, after a short illness, at her late home, the resi-
dence of Jonathan Briggs, Coal Creek, Iowa, on the
thirty-first of Seventh Month, 1896, Jane H. Sears,
in the fifty-eighth year of her age. A beloved mem-
ber and overseer of Coal Creek Monthly Meeting of
Friends.
, on the eighth of Seventh Month, 1896, at her
residence in Wilmington, Clinton Countv, Ohio, Caro-
line Osborn, wife of Charles N. Osborn, aged nearly
seventy-seven years. An esteemed member of Wil-
mington Monthly and Particular Meeting of (Con-
servativej Friends.
THE FRIEND.
A Religions and Literary Journal.
VOL. LXX.
SEVENTH-DAY, NINTH MONTH
No. 7.
PUBLISHED WEEKLY.
Price, if paid in advance, fl2.00 per annum.
Edwin P. Sellew, Pxjblisheb,
No. 207 Walnut Place,
uth from Walnut Streei, between Third and Fourth ,;
PHILADELPHIA.
Articles designed for insertion to be addressed to
JOSEPH WALTON,
MOORESTOWN, BlTRLINGTON CO., N. J.
Batered as second-class matter at Philadelphia P. O.
iary and Letters of Deborah Brooks Webb.
(Contlnuea from page 42.)
Our dear Friend was gifted with the pen of a
sady letter writer, aud quite a number of her
liters having been placed in the hands of the
)mpiler3 of these notes, it is proposed to insert
ime extracts from them under their respective
tes.
To a brother and sister, alluding to the death
their child :
West Chester, First Month 3rd, 1854.
Much during the past month, have thoughts
ff you been crowding on my mind. I know it
a3 been a trying period for thee, dear sister.
Tature will feel her loss as each anniversary
rings thoughts of the dear one. And though
have been very silent on account of many cares
iking my time, yet I have sympathized with
nd desired for you as much as my poor mind
•as capable of, that you may be strengthened
n bear all trials, that you may have to meet
•ith. I don't know when I seemed to realize
) fully as last First-day, that if we try to do
11 tliat is required of us, we shall in a measure
raw down the blessings of Heaven.
; Last First-day evening after our usual fam-
y reading, Anne (Sheppard) read to us from
)me letters she had received from Friends, now
eceased ; then a little account that I had never
eard before, of the last sayings of her hus-
and ; all were excellent and instructive. We
9emed to be dwelling on the thoughts of them
1 silence, when dear Friend .Jefferis expressed
desire she felt to encourage little C. and G. in
rying to do rightly, and wished we might be a
imily of love and still conduct ourselves so as to
raw down the blessings of Heaven. We had
uch a good Monthly Meeting on Fourth-day.
)ear Phebe W. Roberts was here and spoke so
selingly to us, quoting the language, "Thus
ayeth the High and Holy One that inhabiteth
ternity, whose name is Holy, I dwell in a high
nd holy place, with Him also that is of a con-
rite and humble spirit, to revive the spirit of
he humble, to revive the heart of the contrite
•ne," etc. Her communication was so comfort-
ng, if we only deserved so good a one. H. H.
.nd others were here too. She spoke also, telling
IS that He who has been with us in the begin-
ling would be with us to the end if we were
obedient. They all dined here, it is a great
pleasure to me, to wait on good friends, though
I had not much time for I had to return to
school."
1854. — Second Month 5th. — Last First-day
we had a .silent meeting. Samuel Cope was here
to attend a funeral. On Fourth-day was our
Monthly Meeting. Dear H. Gibbons spoke:
"After the disciples hail toiled all night and
had taken nothing," upon following the Master's
directions they enclosed a great multitude of
fishes." " Ye ask and receive not because ye
ask amiss." Ye should be more humble. If we
were humble enough we would say with David,
"I am a worm and no man." William Parke
aud Anna Mary Darlington passed meeting.
Dear Friend Gibbons addressed them, saying
she felt her mind drawn into solicitude, that
they who were about to enter into Covenant, one
with another, would also enter into Covenant
with their God, that in serving Him there would
be peace, and no sorrow added.
Dear Mary Kite spoke so kindly to me, after
meeting, but I do not deserve any kindness
from her. To-day dear H. Gibbous said the
" Heart of man is deceitful above all things
and desperately wicked." If we did not give up
to obey, the Holy Spirit would give us up,
and when given up to ourselves we would be-
come desperately wicked. Earnest were her de-
sires that this might never be the situation of any
one then present. Spoke of those to whom ten
and five talents were given, then much of the
one to whom one was given, who thought he
had a hard Master; the answer was — bind him
hand and foot. She did desire, that this might
not be the case of any of us. I felt it, poor I,
am rebellious yet — but I did not know it then.
How thankful I ought to be that my merciful
Heavenly Father would tell me again. I am
going on in that easy way without enough of
the Cross, too apt to think it hard. She also
quoted, "Come unto me, all ye that labor and
are heavy laden," etc. Some, in an especial
manner should be willing, while mercy is ex-
tended. He would give them joys, she did de-
sire that the partition which separated from
these joys might be taken down. Then she so
feelingly supplicated for some to be enabled to
give up, for mercy to be continued to be given
to them, recommending us to his grace with her
own soul. I do earnestly desire strength to be
faithful.
Second Month 12th.— Dear Lydia Kite at
meeting, spoke, "Solomon, ray son, know thou
the God of thy father, and serve Him with a
perfect heart and a willing mind. If thou seek
Him, He will be found of thee, if thou forsake
Him, He will cast thee ofi' forever," encouraging
to believe that all could be saved by coming to
Him. None need despair, " Him that cometh
to m?, I will in no wise cast out," He will abun-
dantly pardon. Poor H. F. felt it, I think, and
I did try to desire for her to feel comfort, too,
in ray small wav. I believe I have been ena-
bled, part of this week to take up my cross,
I mean to try still more.
In reading, I met with this, "But whoso
hearkeneth unto me shall dwell safely and shall
be quiet from fear of evil." What a favor to
have perfect confidence. " If our heart con-
demn us not, thea have we confidence toward
God."
19th. — Did not get to Quarterly Meeting.
A great disappointment, but good for me, no
doubt.
25th. — A very rainy morning, Anne and my-
self got out, though we were nearly discouraged
when we found the pavements flooded with
running water, When I came down stairs
Friend Jefferis kindly offered me her cloak to
wear outside of mine, but partly through pride,
and partly through a great dislike to wearing
what is not my own, or hesitating to borrow, I
refused. It was attributed to pride. I know
I have much unmortified pride in me, and I
felt sad in meeting. I thought the rain did me
good in letting me have an opportunity to see
more of my wicked self, though I feel thankful
to Hira who can give power, that He has given
me power to live a somewhat more dedicated
life for about two weeks past. I feel afraid all
the time, I shall fall in another way. Be
pleased, Heavenly Father, to enable me to be a
servant of Thine. H )w sweet it is that I have
been enabled in a little measure to give all up,
not to feel such a host of condemnations against
me. Oh! that this may not be a delusion, but
I know I have borne a deep cross sometimes.
May I do so still more, and be more worthy to
be instructed in the knowledge of God and my
Saviour.
Third Month 5th.— First-day. Dear Hannah
Gibbons spoke and appeared in supplication,
recommending to look for the Kingdom of God
within us. I had been troubled with wandering
thoughts, and was looking for and thinking of
God in the wrong place. May I only look more
within rae.
I feel so poor and unfit for any good thing to
dwell in rae, and this can only be, as I try to
obey that which leads me.
He is able to succor all those that are
tempted, " Touched with a feeling of our in-
firmities," etc.
The eminent apostle Paul said " When ^I
would do good, evil is present with me." We
must walk in the Cross. " If any man taketh not
his cross and followeth after me, he cannot be my
disciple." She earnestly desired that the faith
of some might be increased. Wait upon Him,
He will strengthen us to do rightly. Wait in-
wardly ; Oh ! I will try.
She supplicated for tossed ones, who were al-
most ready to say with the disciples formerly,
" Carest Thou not that we perish," and for those
who had too long put off bending their necks to
the yoke, for He is worthy to be served with
holy dedication. Oh I I feel particularly of the
last class. I will try yet more, for I slip so
often. "Man looketh upon the outward, but
God seeth " ray heart.
" If a man's ways please the Lord, He maketh
even his enemies to be at peace with him."
50
THE FRIEND.
Though troubles and trials await, yet walk
singly with Him and He will support.
Monthly Meeting was good to me, Dear
Mary Kite petitioned for us to Him, who is
worthy of full dedication of heart, worthy of
praises, high praises.
Oh ! He is worthy, worthy ; so compassionate
to nie, a poor sinner yet, though I do try much.
19th. — Oh ! may a greater and greater resig-
nation of my will be to Thee, oh, most Merci-
ful Father. Oh ! strengthen me by thy strength
to walk soberly and meekly, as Thou would
have me to do — be pleased to forgive my sins
and help me, or 1 shall perish.
When I hear of those so much younger being
so much better than I, it makes me feel so
ashamed. Last night this text came sweetly
into my mind and again now, "Come unto me,
all ye that labor and are heavy laden, and I
will give you rest," etc. I must have mure faith.
(To be continued.)
Trading in Africa.
Buying and selling, where Arabs or natives
are concerned, is a far more tedious operation
than can easily be explained. If the article in
question be of any considerable value, the pur-
chase or sale, as the case may be, is often a
work not merely of hours but of days. When
travelling to the north of the Sahara Desert,
my companion and I were anxious on one oc-
casion to dispose of two camels, for which we
had no further use. The camels were in very
good condition and had no visible defects of any
kind. Two Arabs who were desirous of becom-
ing purchasers, came to us and said that, as a
result of a careful examination of our camels,
they had discovered that they were both suffer-
ing from almost every disease to which a camel
is liable, and would soon become absolutely
useless to their owner?, but that nevertheless
they were willing to purchase them, naming a
price which was about a quarter of their actual
value. We replied by pointing out several
unique virtues that the camels possessed, which
wiiuld render them quite invaluable to any pur-
chaser, (fiering at the same time to sell them
for about six times the amount which they had
named. The Arabs withdrew with an expres-
sion of horror and contempt, but in about half
an hour came back to say that they had dis-
covered one or two further deficiencies which
our camels possessed, but that, this discovery
notwithstanding, they were willing to make
some considerable advance upon their original
offer. W^e replied by pointing one or two fur-
ther merits on the part of the camels which we
had before omitttd to mention, but said that
despite this fresh discovery, we were willing to
accept a somewhat lower price than that which
we had at first asked. Negntiations of this kind
had to be carried on for no less than three days
before we succeeded in selling the camels at a
reasonable price.
The above is a very fair illustration of the
trouble and waste of time connected with buy-
ing and selling where either Arabs or natives
are concerned. — Haxu^a-Land.
A Singing " Beast". — A Chinaman lately
vi.sited Europe, where he saw many strange
things, and, like other travellers, took pleasure
in describing to his friends, when he returned,
all that seemed to him strange or wonderful.
Among the things he had never .seen before were
pianos, and this is what he s^id at)out them :
"The Europeans keep a four-legged beast
which they make sing at will. A man, or more
frequently a woman, or even a feeble girl, sits
down in front of the animal and steps on its
tail, at the same time striking its white teeth
with his or her fingers, when the creature begins
to sing. The singing, though much louder than
that of a bird, is pleasant to listen to. The beast
does not bite, nor does it move, though it is not
tied up." — Late Paper.
For "The Fkiend."
The contention having been made that the
early Friends supplied pecuniary support to
their ministers in consideration of their Gospel
services, and have thereby set a precedent which
justifies the present form of a paid pastorate as
it exists in several of the Yearly Meetings of
Friends, the following is extracted from "The
Life of George Whitehead " as his testimony to
the entire freedem of their Gospel ministry in
his day. G. W. became associated with Friends
about the year 1654 when but a youth, and his
life for seventy years was much dedicated to
labor in the cause of Truth. His residence was
long in London as a member of Devonshire
House Monthly Meeting, and by travelling and
correspondence he became intimately acquaint-
ed with the affairs of the Society. He actively
participated with other well-known Friends in
watching the course of legislation that might
affect the new Society's interest, and efficiently
advocated its principles and the rights of con-
science before the rulers and lawmakers of the
realm. His statement of our Christian doc-
trines, written in refutation of George Keith';
charges, is among the most lucid extant.
" There was a suffering case and complaint
of some of the people called Quakers, concern-
ing an undue execution of the late Poll-acts by
distraining goods of certain persons as preach-
ers or ministers for twenty shillings quarterly,
who had no contributions or wages for preach-
ing. There being a clause in a lale Poll-act
which runs thus: 'Every clergyman not being
a lord spiritual, having or receiving, in or by
any benefice or contribution or otherwise sixty
pounds by the year or upwards; and every
preacher or teaclier in any congregation what-
soever not having taken orders according to
the discipline of the Church of England, otl
than French Protestants, shall be charged and
pay twenty shillings quarterly.'
" These last words relating to every preacher
or teacher, being general and without limit
tion — advantage has been taken thence on
literal construction— to extend the same to the
great injury of divers persons, as preachers
among said people who have no profits, gain or
contribution at all on that account. When the
said Poll-act was near expiring the Parliament
ordered a new one to be drawn up, or the old
one renewed in the year 1695, and many of
our Friends were liable to suffer as they did
before (the same clause being recited in the new
act). Some of us, particularly Thomas Lower
and myself, renewed the remembrance of our
suffering case to divers eminent leading mem
bers of Parliament, and acquainted them how
undeservedly many of our Friends had suffered
as preachers, by a mal-administration of said act
when they have no ])rofits, gain or contribution
on that account. Whereupon I proposed a
brief emendation to the aforesaid clause, in
order to defend our Friends from the undue im-
position of the said tax as preachers.
" I proposed ten poundsperannum [asreceipts]
in relation to dissenting preachers, though that
might seem to pincji harder upon us than other
preachers who receive sixty pounds or upwards
per annum, and might pay twenty shillings quar-],'
terly, better than we who receive no contribu-,,
tious, " ages or profits for preaching or teaching; j,
yet considering how clear our ministers are in!:,
this case from making the Gospel chargeable, "
and how free they are from making a gain oi
their hearers for preaching to them ; it being
our principle and practice to preach the Go*
pel freely as Christ our Lord commanded, and
not for any worldly profits or filthy lucre, Ij
was the more ready to offer what I tlien did in
this cate in order to give the design of charg
ing any of us as preachers a short turn, thai
we might not have twenty shillings quarterl)
imposed upon us for teaching or preaching th(
Gospel freely as we do.
" My said proposal for an emendation being
approved of as reasonable, took such effect thai
our ministers were not taxed in that last Poll
act— nor did they suffer thereupon as many ol
them had before."
For " The Friend."
The Sphecius Spfciosus.
A few days since the writer received by raaii
a small box containing two interesting insects
one a specimen of the large green cicada, com
monly but erroneously termed locust. Thetrut
locust is a species of grasshopper.
The female of the cicada lays its eggs in lit
tie slits which it makes in the twigs of trees
When these are hatched the young drop to tht
ground and bury themselves in the eartli, when
they subsist by sucking the juices from the rooti
of trees. When full grown, which, in ourlarg(
black and green species, requires two years
they emerge from the ground, and fasteninj
their claws in trunks of trees or rails of a fence
the skin splits open, and the winged insecl
conies out in its mature state.
There is another species of cicada, which re
quires seventeen years to perfect its growth
This is called the seventeen-year locust, and ii
better known than the other. Its habits an
much the same.
The other insect, which my friend cal's i
large species of hornet, is a truly formidahlt
specimen of the " sand- wasp," so called becaust
it digs deep burrows in sand or gravel, some
times two loot or more in deoth. In the botton
of these it stows away a cicada, designed for tli(
nourishment of the grub of the wasp. An eg|
is laid in the burrow, which hatches there anc
feeds on the helpless cicada.
The letter which accompanied the box sayi
they fell to the ground at their feet, under thi
shade of a tree, in the meeting-house yard. Ii
a n)oment it was evident that the hornet wouk
be ihe victor, stinging the fly in quick succes
sion in different parts of the body, and thei
seizing its victim, started to fly away with it
The flight was arrested by my Iriend, who mad(
a captive of the sand-wasp. If he had allowec
the wasp to follow its instincts, and watched iti
further movements, he would probably havi
been much interested in seeing it force its prej
into a hole that had been previously excavatec
in the sandy ground at Cropwell. J. W.
Salt in Africa. — The next most importan
article of commerce imported into Kano
probably salt. No salt is found throughout thi
whole of the Hausa States. The parts of th(
country which lie within a hundred and fifti
miles of the rivers Kiger and Binue are for thi
most part supplied with English salt importei
by the Royal Niger Company. Kano and tbi
THE FRIEND.
ntral districts are dependent upon native salt
■ouglit upon camels across the southern por-
jn of the Great Sahara t. e., from Asben and
Ima. The price of salt, as sold by retail in
le Kano market, is about one shilling per
jund, being very nearly equal to that of sugar
hich is imported from Egypt via Tripoli. Dr.
rth travelled some distance iu company with
salt caravan consisting of no less than three
lousand camels. — Hausalaiid.
Fob "The Friend."
Friends in Westphalia.
F. Brande, pastor iu Guttiugen, Germany,
IS published an account of the Society of
riends in the Cnunty of Ravensberg, in the
irussian Province of Westphalia, so far as they
e connected with the administration of eccle-
astical affairs. A translation of this has been
ade by our friend, William Archut, from
hich the following article has been condensed.
Ed.1
That district of country has long been re-
larkable for the susceptibility of its inhabitants
!i religious thought and agitation. They early
iopted the Reformation as preached by Lu-
ler. Brande says Pietism always had a great
any followers iu those regions, and that con ven-
cles are held on the farms, in which awakened
easants are the speakers. We there meet with
rsons, plain men of the people, who do not
aly know the Scriptures by heart, but also try
live according to them, and who, perhaps,
derstand many things better than we with
iir studied Greek, Latin and Hebrew know-
. On the other hand, there was much su-
erstition, belief in ghosts, sorcery, etc.
The most prominent member of the Society
f Friends residing there, and whose name most
■■equently appears in the legal records, was the
leasant Reckefuss. This man was known to
lur author when a child. He and his wife wore
lie dress of the peasants. His beard was un-
fciaved. Tliey patiently endured the derision
I) which they were exposed. "It was strange
1 me that they never replied to a ' Good-day,'
ith anything else than the words, 'I thank,'
ml without uncovering the head, while the
Thou ' with which they addressed everybody
ith wliom they had to do, put in my mind the
Tieek and Roman classics, which then had
■omiuenced to be my pleasure."
( The attention of the government appears to
I ave first been called to the Quakers in 1790
y information filed by the pastor of Valldorf,
hat Derrick Reckefuss, a brother of the peas-
ut already mentioned, had married a woman
auied Cordes without ministerial consent and
vithout previous proclamation at church, and
,'ithout priestly marriage, in the presence of
Bveral relatives, according to the rites custom-
. 'ry among the Quakers, to whom they both be-
bnged. The authorities informed Reckefuss
hat his marriage with the woman Cordes could
lot be considered a lawful matrimony, and the
hildren perhaps begotten could not be consid-
red to be legitimately born, unless he would
ubniit to be proclaimed at church, according to
he laws of the land, and be married by an or-
lained minister.
An extract from the wedding address of
leckefuss is worthy of attention :
" Whereas I, John Derrick Reckefuss, am
ibliL'atorilyengaged with Christina Cordes to en-
er into the state of holy and chaste matrimony,
feel myself compelled to renew faithfully thee,
-'hrisliua Cordes, my consent or promise, in the
name of God, in the presence of my dear Lord
and Saviour, j)ublicly and in the presence of
thy and my brothers and sisters, or also fellow-
pilgrims on the narrow way to eternity, and I
promise solemnly ihee, iu the name of God, to
be thy faithful husband, to live with thee in
holy and chaste matrimony from now till death ;
to be salutary and profitable to the salvation of
thy soul in all things, by (with) advice and as-
sistance, prayer and labor (in), by temperance
and sobriety, to give up all avarice and jealousy
against thee and everybody with all my heart ;
to be neither quarrelsome nor extravagant,
neither unfaithful nor keeping anything secret ;
neither to judge of thee against anybody nor to
calumniate anything neither, whatever may
happen privately or between us ; to consider all
thy faults and infirmities to be my own ; neither
to dishonor thee of them to any one, nor to
make public frivolously anything; to be also
satisfied with all, together with thee (as thou),
with sour and sweet, love and sorrow, poverty
and wealth, to consider thy cross to be my cross,
to let it be only our endeavor to walk as obedi-
ent children in the inward presence of the dear
Father, that our deeply fallen spirit may again
come to its origin."
And then the question to the bride: "So I
now turn to thee, Christina Cordes, as a dear
sister and bride, and I interrogate thee, in the
presence of God and of my dear brothers and
sisters, whether thou consentest in thy heart, by
God's grace, to devote thyself now in the same
manner, to wit: To be as a faithful wife till
death, and to be subject to me as thy head, ac-
cording to the order of God? Here, now, ex-
amine thyself well, whether thou f'eelest an
honest desire for entering with me into such a
holy state, wherein we may again find our im-
age of God, lost by sin, and come to our blessed
origin, into (to) the co-eternity and consubstan-
tiality of God. Is this thy heart's will and
opinion to a firm resolution? Give me at last
thy clear and plain consent, by the grace of
God, and give me thereto and our brothers and
sisters thy right hand, with a kiss of love."
A document of the marrige which Reckefuss
sanctioned by his name, written by his own
hand, was then also drawn, and both parties
then thought their marriage to be performed in
the sight of God and men, further things being
not required. From that time they lived like
married people, and that on the farm of Cordes
at Valldorf, in the possession of the bride.
The administration of justice summoned Reck-
efuss and his pretended lawful wife, and now
here heard from the mouths of the couple that
the things were as mentioned — they had mar-
ried witiiout proclamation and marriage cere-
mony, and now lived with each other like mar-
ried Christian people since that time. At the
s ime time Reckefuss (then) also declared openly
that he considered the marriage by a minister
of the Established Chuch to be superfluous,
because nothing was commanded of it in the
Bible. He rather considered marriage of that
kind, by unconverted pastors, to be even most
sinful, on account of receiving the sign of the
beast, either on the forehead and on hand, de-
scribed in the revelations of St. John by the
thereby occurring ceremonies, and especially
by the exchanging of the rings, against which
God may (guard) him in all graces, and not
anything was there to do with him. He would
not n\eddle with a supplementary marriage af-
terwards by any means, in spite of all the re-
monstrances made to him ; also on account of
I the civil losses which his children would have
received. He absolutely continued in his n^i-
tions, adding that he and his children would
sooner sufter all than injure his conscience and
bear on himsidf the sign of the beast. All tiie
stubbornness, or, we may better say, faithful-
ness of conviction, of the Westphalian natural
disposition, came here to light in Reckefuss.
The Administration of Justice of Vlotho took
the wedding address of Reckefuss, which he
handed over, that government and consistory
might see that everything took place in a good
and Christian like order, and sent them, for fur-
ther directions, to the Government of Minden,
which then applied, going on to the ecclesiastical
department in Berlin, in order to obtain instruc-
tions from there.
The ecclesiastical department, that is, the
Minister of the State, Von Woellner, now re-
plied that co-habitations of that kind were not
allowed anywhere, and therefore Reckefuss also
and Cordes were to separate by legal means in
case of need.
The Government of Minden, indeed, once
more ordered the Administration of Justice of
Vlotho to propose to the man lawfully married
according to his persuasion, to have his mar-
riage performed by the forms of law, in failure of
which his co-habitation with the woman Cordes
could not be tolerated. He rather was to be
proposed, upon pain of imprisonment, to keep
away at a distance from her for the first, but
entirely in vain. Reckefuss insisted on it that
his marriage was lawful in the sight of God, and
therefore not any sin, but that he could not
submit to a marriage ceremony by the pastor in
ordinary for the sake of conscience, and just as
little he acknowledged the proper authorities
this privilege of separating him from his wife.
His marriage was indissoluble, according to the
law of God, and " we must hearken unto God
more than unto men." Even i)unishment by
imprisonment, which it had now commenced to
impose on Reckefuss on that account, did not
prevail, as the Administration of Justice of
Vlotho reported on the fifth of October upon
him, and, although the Government now or-
dered to direct once more the man that, if he
would come again to the woman Cordes, a pun-
ishment by imprisonment of four weeks, with
water and bread, would be imposed on him. The
Administration of Justice informed, by procla-
mation, on the twenty-second of January, 1791,
that Rsckefuss, however, persevered in his stub-
bornness, and the pain of imprisonment did not
produce any eff'ect. He had declared that he
would rather suffer all than have given himself
the sign of the beast, and the separation from
his wife was, therefore, impossible, because they
had been long ago married by God himself, but
on the contrary, as to the obedience of the or-
ders of his Majesty, not any king had a right
to command him anything in matters of con-
science, and he had to submit to all that would
be done with him, and the bailiff, Struve, of
Vlotho, therefore, openly acknowledged that he
did not know what he should further do with
that enthusiast, who was very much afraid of
the beast in the Revelation" of St. John, and
firmly resolved rather to become a martyr than
to expose himself to the sign of it by the mar-
riage. ." I pre-suppo.se," Bailiff Struve writes, on
the twenty-secoud of January, 1791, " that this
stubborn enthusijist, who firmly believes that
he suffers for the Truth's sake aud has become a
martyr, wili not be brought to obedience by
corrections of that kind, but will rather be
criiciiied than married in a friendly manner."
It, therefore, was considered best to apply for
52
THE FRIEND.
Ninth Mo. 5, 1896
and obtain directions in this matter of his
Majesty, that is, of Woeliner, and these, under
the dateoftweuty-first of February, 1791, were,
indeed, again of a strict enough meaning. The
co-habitation between Reckefuss and the woman
Cordes ia not to be allowed by any means, but
a punishment by imprisonment of eight to four-
teen days, with water and bread, is lo be im-
posed on the former as often as he is found
with her, and then he is to be brought back to
his (home) place of legal residence of Exter
at his expense. But that these means, now made
use of several times, were effectual, now at last
the Government could not at all positively
mention. On the contrary (in the year of 1796)
it says, in an account of the thirtieth of March
of the same year, that Reckefuss suffered already
punishment by imprisonment more than a few
weeks, according to the rescript of his Royal
Majesty, of twenty-first of February, 1791, but
without any effect. In spite of all these already
used practical coercive measures, these people
(they had increased in the meantime), would
not be married by any means with their wives.
Without any doubt, Woeliner had thought if
he ordered continued punishment by imprison-
ment in every case of disobedience, that this
stubborn man should be made tired and hum-
ble by this punishment. But he who became
tired was not Reckefuss, who, of unbroken
courage, rather went to jail as often as he was
met, with his wife, at Wehrendorf, in order to
be brought from thence to Exter to his mother,
but also to return immediately again to the
farm of Cordes, but the Administration of Jus-
tice of Vlotho and the Government of Minden
seem to have become tired. It had, indeed,
been politic(al) even not to give the population
the view of this continued and unbroken dis-
obedience against the magistrate, not further
to regard this case with attention, if it had re-
mained a single one, and if there had not been
added other circumstances, which, however,
made appear this matter to be extremely im-
portant on account of its disadvantageous con-
sequences to the Government of Minden, and
moved it to take up again the matter, delayed for
some time, in the beginning of the year of 1796,
not only that the brother of the hitherto men-
tioned Derrick Reckefuss,* the peasant, Christo-
pher Reckefuss, in the parish of Bergen, also like-
wise lived in an irregular matrimony, according
to the State's and Church's idea, and refused to
submit to the regular marriage ceremony. He
and the tailor, Koenig (King), living on the
farm belonging to Reckefuss, had not also
christened their children, and did not only re-
fuse to have them entered into the parochial
register, but also to send them to public school,
yea, which seemed to have been hazardous to
the proper authorities. They refused to bear
the usual burdens of conveyances required in
war and other neighbors' burdens, and there
was no hope that their sons might be drawn
with effect to the enrolment, because they would
rather escape, leaving behind all their property,
according to their enthusiastic principles, than
take upon themselves the duty of serving the
Fatherland. Therefore, for the prevention of
public scandal which such conduct might cause
among the neighbors, the Government of Min-
den then considered it necessary to take up
again the matter, and so much the more be-
cause the pastor, Mumperow, on the hill before
Herford, in whose parish the farmer Reckefuss
lived, had also preferred complaint against the
Quaker and informed that thej' would not sub-
* Derrick Reckefme was childless.
mit to the ecclesiastical order (church authori-
tiesj.
(To be continued.)
THE LITLLE HARVESTER
" I help to gather in tlie wheat,"
The reaper's danghler said,
With dimpled smile and accent sweet.
And loss of golden head.
The child was yc \wg and very fair.
Her cheeks were all aglow ;
Her eyes like purple pansies were,
Her teeth a sliining row.
' You help to gather in the grain?
You are too ymmg, my child !
You could not till the creaking wain,
Why speak a thing so wild?"
' J am a harvester, I say,
And papa says so, too ;
I bear his dinner every day
To yonder shady yew.
'And though I cannot ctit the hlade,
Nor fill the creaking wain,
I do my part," she gently said,
' Toward gathering in the grain."
To do her part, what more could she?
Could you or I do more?
The lesson siill abides with me,
I con it o'er and o'er.
Oh, rich would be the golden yield.
If each would do his part
Upon the world's great harvest field,
With brave and earnest heart.
— Clii iftian Intelligencer.
For "The Fbiknd."
ILLUMINATION.
Do you know why some little, common thing,
Some tender words low-spoken long ago.
Some fragrant blossom of a vanished spring.
Has power to thrill the heart-strings, strangely, so?
Some text familiar as the morning's dawn.
Some homely voice or half-forgotten word
Seems from the dim and distant spaces drawn.
And one knows truly that a soul has beard !
Can you explain it, or can you and I
Lay our bruised hearts together, listening,
And wait for some still answer to our cry
Until the stars of morning in their courses sing ?
Lowly and humbly in some intervals of calm,
In the still patience all our souls possessed.
Comes the sweet answer and the healing balm.
And in the stillness comelh peace and rest.
After midnight darkness cometh morning's light, ■
Out of blackest storm cloud comes refreshing rain !
And so, from all our crosses, crowns may be more
blight,
And so, from all our losses cometh, somewhere, gain.
God knowtth just the day and time,
Just the way and place and all the need
Of any longing soul, the steeps we climb.
And all the pleairant pastures where the weary feed.
His are the cattle on the undulating hills.
Is any child forsaken, or righteous begging bread ?
His are tlie waters singing down the rills.
Is any soul athirst? Behold the Fountain-head !
His grace within the heart with saving power
Is all-sufficient for the seeming good or ill ;
Be slill, oh throbbing heart, in every trial li
Just trust Him and be still '
G. O. M.
Making Our Choice. — It is easj' to make
a choice between two things when one of them
is obviously a great deal more attractive than
the other. It is not so easy when the difference
is less apparent. Even a child will choose
gladly to leave his play when his mother asks
him to go with her to see a sight he has been
longing to see. A treasure-seeker has no un-
willingness to pass by bits of lead ore when he
knows that gold is in abundance a little farther
on. A lesser pleasure has no temptation to one
who is offered greater pleasures, and sees them
just ahead. So all the way along in life's path.
We choose what we like best, all things consid
ered. Our preferences decide the choice, which
of course, carries with it its inevitable conse
quences. God or self is taken, because we pre
fer the one or the other. In making this choice
we accept all that it involves. Hence no mat
will be finally lost, unless he prefers hell te
heaven. He goes to the place of his own choice
— Sunday School Times.
From the " West CHtsTER Local News."
About Portland and the Merrimac's Side.
The passenger trains of the Boston and Maim
railway stop at Portsmouth, New Hampshire
as announced, " ten minutes for refreshments.'
Being on such a train early in the presen
month, and strolling a square or two from th(
station, I observed by the signs on the fronts o
half a dozen properties, that " wine, beer anc
other refreshments" were brought prominentlj
to the notice of all who might have any yearn
ing therefor. We were about to cross the Pis
cataqua into the prohibition State of Main, anc
here was the thirsty traveller's chance for a part
ing drink of liquor. Arriving at Portland, 1
had occasion to pass along several miles of ib
streets, and failed to see anywhere the liquoi
seller's legend that was so conspicuous befon
coming across the Slate boundary river. I me
later (out of the city) at table a Portlandei
whom I did not take to be a teetotaler, anc
said I would like to make a little statemen
and ask of him a question. In my native citj
of Philadelphia and its suburb of Germantown
where I had resided quite a number of years, 1
had noted that at stated times, particularly i
the morning after the day of rest, great wagon:
drawn by powerful horses would be seen pass
ing through the streets, and, stopping at thi
street corners or otherwheres where were licensee
liquor saloons, would loatl up the piles of emp
tied kegs and barrels that had been rolled ou
upon the sidewalk. Had he ever witnessc
spectacle of that kind in Portland? No, hi
had not, though he had noticed some collecting
of bottles. He did not know of a sign any
where in Portland that directly advertised stron<
drink.
Having had a little correspondence with Nea
Dow several years ago, and my wife, who
with me, being desirous of saying somewhat t(
the veteran " father of the Maine law," we founc
him in the library of his wide-fronted, old-tim(
mansion on Congress Street. I said to him tha
a policeman had volunteered to me the informa
tion that Portland had more than sixty apothe
cary shops, and of course we knew what tha
excess meant, and that it was an unnecessar)
quantity for a city of forty thousand inhabitants
Neal Dow replied that forty pharmacies, or one
to one thousand of the population, ought to suf
free for all proper needs, but agreed with m*
that it was a matter for satisfaction that, gc
where one would about the city, the public ad
vertising of intoxicating drinks was nowhere tc
be met with. If one were bent ou finding out
where such beverages were to be had, his quesi
would probably be rewardeil, as it might alsc
be if he went after hidden resorts that shunneil
the daylight. The Captain of the steamboal
plying between Portland and Orr's Island, and
in which we took passage to the summer cottage
of a friend on Harpswell Neck, said, in reply tc
my query, that the men who worked on the
wharves could (as might be expected) easily
find places where strong drink was dispensed.
Neal Dow having revived an incident or twc
in connection with the passage of the law with
■Jinth Mo. 5, 189
THE FRIEND.
53
i'vhich his name is particularly associated, and
•oncerDing an early attempt that was made to
oring about its nullification, ray wiie had then
the opportunity to remind him ofa circumstance
(though our host of ninety-two years did not
fecall it) which happened in war time, when
le was confined in Libby prison.
My wife's father, John Bacon Crenshaw, liv-
"ng a little outside of Richmond, often having
MScasiou to see the authorities and to otherwise
nterest himself in behalf of the imprisoned,
whether Union or Confederate, had called one
iay at the Libby, and presented testaments to
wme that were incarcerated there, Neal Dow
among the rest. Friend Crenshaw was a be-
I'Jiever in peace and was opposed to the holding
of slaves, and so had been his father before him,
manumitting a considerable number that he
had inherited, and securing the freedom of many
others that were illegally held in bondage. Neal
Dow, too, was Quaker-born, was a strong Aboli-
itionist, but was obviously not pronounced in his
views upon the general practicability of peace.
When his benevolent visitor called again some
weeks later, the man who had been twice Mayor
lof Portland produced the copy of the testament
which had been handed him, while he remarked :
"Friend Crenshaw, it very much surprises me
that a Quaker, and a man who preaches peace,
ishould hand around a publication like that."
Wondering at the meaning of this speech. Friend
C. took the extended testament, and to his own
[surprise as well as exceeding mortification, saw
(that there had been inserted in the back part
of it a leaflet which called upon its readers to
remember their duty, to go into battle and fight
I for their country !
We step into a trolley car that passes by the
[ door, while the historic figure, a little under
medium size and slightly bent, with white locks
; about a cheery face, waves us a kindly farewell.
i Several days spent at North Conway, in the
( meadows of green between the imposing mass
of Moat Mountain and symmetrical Kearsarge,
and then we go down to Newburyport on the
Merrimac, to be two days with friends Joseph
and Gertrude Whittier Cartland, the relatives
with whom the last months of Whittier's life
were spent. Riding to the meeting at Ames-
bury (four and a half miles), we pass the home
of the late James Parton, biographer of Gree-
ley, Franklin and other eminent Americans,
crossing the Merrimac by the chain bridge,
whence we look down the last reach of the
stream toward Salisbury's sands.
"The beaches glimmering in the sun,
And the low-wooded capes lliat run
Into the sea-mist north and south;
The sand-blutJs at the river's mouth;
The swinging chain bridge, and, afar.
The foam-line of the harbor."
Here upon Deer Island (which is practically
part of the bridge) with its native pine trees
and wealth of shrubbery, herbage and clamber-
ing vines, lives Harriet Prescott Spoflxjrd. A
friend of our entertainers and of Whittier, we
made a brief call upon her a little later. Her
personality is associated with that delightful
poem, " The Captain's Well," of Whittier's later
verse, the poet's introduction to it saying : " The
story of the shipwreck of Captain Valentine
Bagley, on the coast of Arabia, and his suffer-
ings in the desert, has been familiar from my
childhood. It has been partially told in the
singularly beautiful lines of my friend, Harriet
Prescott Spoffbrd, on the occasion of a public
celebration at the Newburyport Library." On
the right hand side of the road, going into Amea-
bury, we pas,sed the well itself. It is just with-
in the paling of a good-sized gra.ssy lot, and but
a step or two from the porch of the house to
which it belongs. It is uncovered and una-
dorned ; better .<-o than to be grandly marked
by memorial blocks of polished granite, and
yet (presuming that the water supply has not
failed) there would be a fitness in making it ac-
cessible to the wayfarer, honoring thereby the
intimation contained in the last lines of the
poem :
"And when a wayfarer, weary and hot.
Kept to the niid-rrad, pausing not
F(jr the well's refreshing, he shook his head ;
'ile dim't know the value of water,' he said:
' Had he prayed for a drop, as I have done,
In the desert circle of sand and sun,
He would drink and rest, and go home to tell
That God's best gift is the wayside well !' "
On the same side of the way was passed the
Old Ladies' Home, to which Whittier left a
large bequest. The house in Amesbury, where
Whittier wrote "Snow Bound" and many othere
of his poems is only a short distance from the
meeting-house. Returning from attendance at
the latter, we stopped at the burying ground.
The fiimily lot, surrounded by a hedge of low
arbor-vitaes, was nearly as we had seen it ten
years before, with the addition of the plain mar-
ble slab showing where the poet had been laid,
and giving simply the name and year of birth
and of death, and, on the back, Holmes' line,
" Here lies Whittier."
It may be appropriate to correct here a mis-
statement appearing in the Local Neics not long
ago, and also, I think, in the Public Ledger,
that the writing even of excellent poetry had
not much to show for it, as illustrated in the
case of Whittier, whose estate had not renlized
more than the sum of five thousand dollars.
Twice that amount having gone to the Old
Ladies' Home, already referred to, I have no
doubt that the other legatees received their due
portions.
Not caring to indulge in what might seem
like sight-seeing on the first day of the week,
we deferred our visit to the old Whittier home-
stead until the following day. Whittier sold
the place, which is of forty acres, five miles be-
yond Amesbury and three from Haverhill, be-
fore the works of his pen had brought him any
money return. After "Snow Bound" was pub-
lished in 1866, he was ilesirous of buying back
the possession that had been that of his fore-
fathers of several generations, but the new owner
had placed such an extravagant price upou it
that Whittier declined to pay it. Since his
death, however, the place has been secured by
an association, and a further fund is being slow-
ly raised, the interest of which is to maintain
the property in good condition. The house,
barn and outbuildings have been put in good
repair. The large living room, with iron pot,
kettle, etc., hanging in the ample fire place, also
two other rooms on the first floor are open to
the inspection of visitors. Some Lombardy
poplars which had stood in front of the house,
having disappeared, their places have been sup-
plied by new ones. The farmer's boy obtained
for us a few red-streaked apples from the thrifty
orchard. One of them, upon my library table
where I write, while extending a little the frag-
rant memory of our visit, brings brightly to
view the winter evening's ingleside picture in
"Snow Bound :"
"And for the winter fireside meet,
Between the andirons' straddling feet.
The mug of cider simmered slow,
Tlie apples sputtered in a row,
And, cl(,se at hand, the basket stood,
With nuts from brown October's wood."
Jo.si.\H W. Leeds.
■onncey, Eighth Month 18tli, 189«.
Natural History, Science, etc.
Blvers lifter Dry Seasons. — For many months
the beds of the rivers are dry, and the sand and
shingle are exposed to the heat of the fierce
sun ; when the first deluge of water comes
down and flows over this hot bed it naturally
becomes warm. I have often seen the water
coming down after a dry sea.son, and it is a
very curious sight ; quite a wave of water seems
to come along, and it is quickly absorbed by
the hot sand, and a cloud of steam arises into
the air. Anyone who has not seen a river com-
mencing business after a long drought would
find this hard to believe; but they must bear
in minri the fact that, where this is observable,
the sun is shining brightly, and the rays are pro-
bably more powerful than at any other period of
the season. The water that is coming down has
been produced by heavy local storms, perhaps
many miles distant. The amount of water that
must be absorbed in the hot .sandy beils of
the rivers before they commence to "flow must
be enormous. Long after the rivers cea.se run-
ning one can generally find water by digging
a few feet deep in the sandy heA.—Bkkneirii
Queensland.
The Wi?iffle.y Bird of New Zealand.— E. Har-
row, an Englishman, who has lived in New
Zealand for the last fourteen years, arrived on
the Mariposa with a fine specimen of the a[)-
teryx, or kiwi, the wingless night bird found
only in New Zealand.
The strange looking creature is about the
size of a domestic fowl, and is covered with
what is apparently a hairy coat of mottled
brown. This apteryx probably has the honor
of being the first one of its kind that has ever
breathed the air of America, though live kiwis
have been obtained for botanical and zoologi-
cal gardens in Europe. If there was ever any
foundation in fact for the notorious filleylo'o
bird, the kiwi must have furnished the sugges-
tion.
It is most active at night, and then it goes
about rapidly thrusting its long, slender bill
into the earth in search of worms, on which it
feeds. While thus hunting it keeps up a con-
tinuous audible sniffing, its nostrils being situ-
ated very near the end of the upper mandible.
The kiwi, for by this name it is best known in
New Zealand, is sluggish in the d.aytime, and
seems to have great difliculty in "seeing. At
night it often catches the large, luminous fire-
worms, crushes them against the ground, and
swallows them. During the operation the phos-
phorescent particles adhere to the beak, and the
hermitlike bird can be seen in the darkness
continuing its search for food. A remarkable
thing about the kiwi, in addition to the absence
of wings and regular feathers, is the great size
of the egg it lays. The kiwi egg weighs over
twelve ounces, or a quarter of the bulk of the
bird itself.
This kiwi, E. Harrow had long ago accus-
tomed to a meat diet, and that is the reason
he has got it here alive. He hoped to dispose
of it for twenty-five dollars to the park com-
mi.ssioners, but was told they would willingly
accept it for nothing. — The San Francisco Call.
— The ways of the heathen cow are " pecu-
54
THE FRIEND.
Ninth Mo. 5, 1896.
liar." She seems incapable of complete domes-
tication, retaining many of her wild habits. She
yields milk only while rearing her young. If
her offspring be taken from her, the milk-flow
ceases. The attempt to milk her in the absence
of her calf involves almost as much danger as
would the endeavor to milk a giratfe, with its
famed hoof power. One morning the gwala
(cowherd) informed that one of the calves had
died in the night, and that the mother refused
to allow herself to be milked. He explained
elaborately that if the calf's skin should be
stuffed and set up before the cow at milking
time, she would continue to give milk and
would allow the milk to be taken. He insinu-
atingly suggested that I should give him cer-
tain rupees for the purchase of materials he
would stufl' the skin. This story seemed to me
not only improbable, but vei'y. lu America I
had milked more than one kicking cow. Calmly
not to saj' loftily, requesting the gwala to bring
his pail, I marched down to the cow house, in-
wardly resolved to see the reason why that cow
should not be milked — meaning to show him
that what an Indian could not do an American
could.
Outside the cowshed, under the trees, the
zebus were tethered in a row. They paid no
attention to the half-naked, brown gwala; but
at my approach each, with wild eyes and up-
lifted head, snorting and trembling, seemed, but
for the restraining tether rope, about to bound
away into her native jungle. The gwala called
a second man to his aid. With a new rope
they lassoed the bereaved's hinder legs, holding
them in a slipnoose. One man held the end of
the rope while the other with the pail cautiously
approached the zebu. In a twinkling the pail
was a rod away, the man with the rope was
pulling as for his life, the man with the pail
was with it still, I was gasping to regain my
breath, while that zebu was kicking as nothing
unpossessed could kick. She appeared utterly
indifferent as to whether there were ground
under her, as all four feet seemed continuously
in the air.
Thankful that my valorous resolutions had
been mental, later I meekly gave the gwala ex-
actly one-third the amount he had requested,
and directed him to stuff the calf's skin. This
having been accomplished, I was again sum-
moned to the scene of action. Though no ab-
normal development of either quills or ears was
discernible, there stood that remarkable cow
contentedly licking and fondling her offspring,
occasionally lunching scantily upon the hay
stuffing which protruded through the rudely
sewed seams of her progeny's hide, while the
native merrily milked away, sitting as is cus-
tomary, on the wrong side. — E§ie Hallock Brad-
dock in The Independent.
Sustained IN Death. — To one who observed
Archbishop Whately's sufferings and asked him
if he suffered much pain, during his hist hours
on earth, he said, " Some time ago I should have
thought it great pain, but now I am enabled to
bear it." His intellect was unclouded by ill-
ness. He could think and speak. Some one
said to him, " You are dying, as you have lived,
great to the last." The reply was, " I am dying,
as I have lived, in the faith of Jesus." Another
said, " What a blessing your glorious intellect
is unimpaired." He answered, "Do not call
intellect glorious. There is nothing glorious
out of Christ." Another said, " The great for-
titude of your character supports you." " No,
it is not the fortitude of my character which
supports me, but my faith in Christ." With
such a witness on his lips and in his acts, Arch-
bishop Whately passed away. — Christian Her-
ald.
Converts from Hinduism.
Some years ago I was out on a Gospel preach-
ing tour in the Telugu country, in regions away
from any of our Christian congregations. I
had my travelling dispensary with me. There
came to my tent one day an educated Hindu
gentleman, high in office, in caste and in social
position. He had previously sent, asking if I
would see him privately, in my tent and pre-
scribe for him for a physical ailment. I found
that that was a simple matter, dispatched with
a few words. He had merely used that as a
cover to secure a conversation with me private-
ly, Nicodemus-like, on religious matters. He,
himself, introduced the subject. We talked for
some time on the character and the claims of
Jesus of Nazareth to be the Saviour of the world.
At length, in a very earnest, feeling manner he
spoke substantially as follows: "Sir, I am not
a Christian, I am still regarded as a devout
Hindu, but in my heart I dare not deny the
claims of the Bible. / see the poiver of Jesus
Christ in the lives of his followers so dUtinctly,
that I cannot deny his divinity. He must be
Divine, or He could not work such a change as
I see in the lives of those who become his dis-
ciples. He is not yet ray Saviour. Caste, wealth,
position, famil)', all hold me back ; but even
now I never allow Him to be spoken against in
my presence. I have 'Jong been reading the
Bible in secret. The more I read of Christ and
ponder over his life and teachings, and the power
to conquer sin that comes from embracing his
religion, the more do I feel that in the end I
shall have to accept Him, at any cost, as my
personal Saviour."
As compared with this in what a night of
darkness does Hinduism leave even its most
earnest devotees.
Never shall I forget an interview that I had
over thirty years ago, with a venerable Brah-
min pilgrim, an earnest seeker after relief from
the burden of sin.
It was in February, 1861, that two of us mis-
sionaries were out on a preaching tour in a part
of the Telugu country lying on the edge of the
Mysore Kingdom, a region in which the Gospel
of salvation through Jesus Christ had so far
never yet been proclaimed.
Our tent was pitched under the spreading
banyan tree. We had been there for several
days, and had preached in all the villages and
hamlets within three miles of our camp. That
morning we had lefc our tent before sunrise,
and gone out several miles to preach in a clus-
ter of villages nestled in among the hills. In
each village, after the oral proclam;)tion, we had
offered gospels and tracts in their own tongue
to the people who had listened ; but only a few
would receive them, so suspicious were they at
that time of everything new.
We returned to our tent weary with our morn-
ing work. The burden of our thoughts was,
" Lord, who hath believed our report, and to
whom is the arm of the Lord revealed ?"
As we came near we saw a venerable, gray-
haired Brahmin engaged in his devotions on a
large stone platform around the central trunk
of an adjacent banyan tree, where there was a
small shrine. Slowly, with beads in hand, he
performed his circumarabulations, keeping his
face toward the shrine, reciting his mantramn,
his prayers, his petitions. Each time that he
came in front of the shrine he fell prostrate
upon the ground, performing the Saahtangam
of the Hindus, and then, sliding one bead on
his rosary, he would slowly and reverently go
around the tree again.
Much struck by his reverent demeanor and
evident earnestness, we watched him through
the corded meshes of our tent window; and
when he had finished his devotions, and had
sat down to rest, we went out and, courteously
addressing him, asked him what he sought by
these prayers and circumambulations.
" Oh, sirs," said he, in a tone that struck us
as one of intense earnestness, " I am seeking to
get rid of the burden of sin. All my life I have
been seeking it ; but each effort that I make is
as unsuccessful as the one before, and still the
burden is here. My pilgrimages and prayers
and penances for sixty years have all been in
vain. Alas ! I know not how my desire can be
accomplished."
Then, in answer to our inquiries, he gave ua
the story of his life. He told us how, in early
life, he had been sorely troubled by the thought
of his unexpiated sins; that his parents had
both died when he was seventeen years of age,
leaving him an only child, sole heir of their
wealth ; that the priests whom he consulted
told him that if he would give all bis property
to endow a temple the burden of sin would be
removed.
He gave his property, all of it. He endowed
a temple; but the burden of sin was no lighter.
His mind was not at peace. Obedient to further
advice from the priests, his counselors, he made
the pilgrimage on foot all the long way to Ben-
ares, the holy city. He spent two years in the
precincts of the temples in worship. He spent
two years bathing in the Holy Ganges. " But,"
said he, " the Ganges waters washed the foulness
from my skin, not the foulness from my soul,
and still the old burden was there, uneased."
He told us how he had gone from thence, on
foot, all the way to Rame^waram ; begging his
food all the two thousand miles; for he had
given all his money to the temple, and thence
again to Srirangam, and thence to other Holy
places. He told us how he had spent his whole
life in these pilgrimages, and in penances, and
in desert wanderings, apart from his kind, living
on roots and nuts and jungle fruits, remaining
for years at a time in the forest jungles, in the
vain search for relief from the burden of sin.
"And now, sirs," said he, " my life is almost
gone; my hair is thin and white; my eyes are
dim; my teeth are gone; ray cheeks are sunken ;
ray body is wasted ; I am an old, old man ; and
yet, sirs, the burden of sin is just as heavy as
when, a young man, I started in pursuit of de-
liverance. Oh, sirs, does your Veda tell how I
can get rid of this burden and be at peace ? Our
Vedas have not shown me how."
How gladly did we tell him of our gracious '
" burden bearer," and of his loving call, "Come
unto me all ye that labor and are heavy laden,
and I will give you rest." How eagerly did he
listen as we told him of Jesus Christ, the God-
man, the Saviour of the world, and told him
what He had done for our salvation. How
gladly did he pore over the Gospels we gave
him, and what earnest questions did he ask
during the day as to points in their teachings
which he did not quite understand. During
that night he left and went upon his way, tak-
ing the Gospels with him, and we never again
saw him.
Though so many years have intervened, his
earnest, reverent countenance remains photo-
Jinth Mo. 5, 189G.
THE FRIEND.
graphed on my meniory, and I shall look for
iiim up there among the redeemed; for I be-
ieve that he was in earnest in seeking deliver-
m'je from the burden of sin ; in vain, indeed,
as he said, through Hinduism ; I trust not in
?ain through the Gospel of Jesus Christ. — I.
Chamberlain in The Independent.
A Remarkable Scenic Region.
It will doubtless be a long time before Ameri-
cans cease to find surprising and wonderful natu-
ral scenery in this great country of ours. The
mountain regions of the West abound in exhi-
bitions of beauty and grandeur. Some of them
have already been discovered and have become
celebrated, while many others unquestionably
are yet to be found. The Great Northern
Railway, youngest of our transcontinental Hues,
which was completed to the Pacific coast in
1893, passes directly through, or at least reaches
the threshold of, several regions of remarkable
scenic and scientific interest. Especially in
crossing the Cascade and Rocky Ranges, the
road passes close to many beautiful scenes of the
aesthetic richness and instructive details of which
but little is yet known.
In June, 1895, a small party of enthusiastic
adventurers, of which the writer was a mem-
ber, in penetrating the main range of the Rock-
ies, north of Lake MacDonald, Mont., reached
an enclosed valley or basin which exhibits ex-
ceedingly interesting scenic and geologic fea-
tures. This newly discovered valley our party
(named Avalanche Basin. It might with pro-
priety be called the Northern Yosemite, for in
many of its features it reminds one of that famous
Ivalley.
! Avalanche Basin is, approximately, the shape
|of an ox-bow. It is about seven miles in length,
and averages a little over a mile in width.
Beautifully nestled in the eastern part of the
floor of the basin, near its head, is a charming
little lake, only a trifle less than a mile in
length by half a mile in wi<lth. During the
summer season this lake is fed by a number of
torrent streams of pure, cold water, fresh from
the melting snow-fields, which lie a few thousand
feet above the floor of the basin. The number
of the streams at any given time depends upon
the temperature on the mountain heights and
the consequent rapidity of the melting of the
snow which gathers on the summits in great
abundance each winter.
The outlet of Avalanche Lake is a tumultu-
ous, rollicking stream, which, flowing into Mac-
Donald Creek, descends nearly five hundred
feet in less than five miles, and in its course has
cut some beautiful gorges and carved for itself
many delightful cascades.
The buttressed walls which form the rim of
Avalanche Basin rise precipitously to altitudes
ranging from twenty-five hundred feet to forty-
five hundred feet. So steep and smooth are the
enclosing cliflTs that the snow finds it difiicult to
cling to the slopes. Consequently, during the
early part of the summer, avalanches are of fre-
quent occurrence. Their startling crash, terrific
rush and sullen roar may be heard daily, and
on unusually warm days almost hourly, during
the months of May and June. Later in the
season, the greater part of the snow having been
swept into the valley and melted, avalanches
become infrequent, and finally cease. But the
numerous streams, cascades and cataracts formed
by the melting of the perpetual snow-fields which
nestle higher upon the more level and distant
heights are a source of delight to those who are
so fortunate as to visit this spot in midsummer.
The floor of Avalanche Basin is neither so
wide nor so level as that of the Yosemite, but
probably quite as much water pours through it
during the summer months as is discharged
through the world-famed Yosemite Valley dur-
ing the same time. The streams which em[)ty
into this remarkable northern valley are more
numerous than the tributaries of the Merced,
and the flow of water in each stream is swifter
than the currents in the Yosemite.
The more prominent peaks and ridges which
immediately surround Avalanche Basin are as
lofty and interesting as those which enclose the
Yosemite, but most of them will long remain
inaccessible to man, for it will require much
hard labor to make trails which will enable
tourists to reach the summits.
The shores of Avalanche Lake are closely
skirted by timber, most of which is balsam fir.
The shore line is almost destitute of sand and
fine gravel, because the lake is so closely shut in
by tlie surrounding mountain walls and so care-
fully guarded by the dense growth of forest trees
that its surface is seldom, if ever, lashed into
waves powerful enough to break up the rocky
fragments which have tumbled from the frown-
ing heights to the water's edge. — L. B. Sperry.
Redona Beach, California.
Starting from Pasadena early in the morn-
ing we drove four miles through beautiful vine-
yards and orange groves to the foot of the burro
trail to Wilson's peak. Leaving our teams at
the foot with a good supply of feed we were
soon ascending the tiail, the womcu on burros
and the men walking.
A few minutes travel brought us to a place
where the trail is cut in the face of an almost
perpendicular clitf" where my wife's sister spurn-
ing the use of the burro on such dizzy heights
dismounted and walked the remainder of the
way up and hack, a distance of twenty miles.
It "was cloudy and drizzling when we started,
and we were soon up in the clouds. The mist
wet our clothing through and dripped from our
hat rims.
In about two hours we passed what is called
the half-way house, a small house in a beautiful
shady camping ground on the north side of the
mountain. Strange plants, ferns and menzi-
heta wood abound, making it a fine field for
the botanist or collector.
The Mt. Wilson trail is safe and well made
and the grade is easy, making a trip above the
clouds by this route a pure delight, unalloyed
by the excessive fatigue of the usual mountain
climb, yet for miles at a stretch the trail is cut
in the face of the most precipitous places on the
mountain side. In some places four or five
parts of the trail that has just been passed may
be seen below, rounding turn after turn till the
senses are giddy and reel at the novel and in-
spiring si^ectacle below us, while great cliffs and
crags of granite tower above our heads in the
m(jst menacing attitudes.
We reached the summit just at twelve o'clock,
and a grander view never met our eyes, two
thousand feet below a sheet of clouds of snowy
whiteness surrounded us as the water surrounds
an island in the sea, while above the sun shone
with that peculiar tint and brightness unknown
in lower altitudes. Our horizen was the meet-
ing of a silvery sea with the blue expanse above,
broken in a few places by mountain peaks
which reared their bald heads above the r(jlling
clouds while their bases are bathed for thous-
ands of feet in the rain mist below. Not a spot
could be seen of the hills, valley or ocean, for
the clouds were as itnpenetrable to the eye as
the earth itself, and a thrill of surprise came
over us all when we heard the whistle of an
engine come ringing up the side of the moun-
tain and we realized that our friends below
were actually living in that apparent sea. About
one o'clock the sea breeze came in and began
to dispel the clouds. Immense white columns
would roll up to a great height and topple over
on the mass below. The turmoil kept on in-
creasing till the whole cloud was so broken up
that we could see the greater portion of the
valley through it, seven thousand feet below us.
A rustic pavilion made of logs and sur-
rounded by huge pine timber adorns the sum-
mit and provides a place of amusement for the
crowds that re[)air to this mountain retreat in
the summer months to avoid the excessive heat
in the valley.
We ate our dinner in the shade of pines at a
lovely spot in a canon on the north side of the
peak, a beautiful stream of pure cold water
came sparkling from the granite walls of the
canon and rippled and tossed over the rocky
bottom. The little stream was bordered with
such a dense growth of ferns that for a long
distance we could not reach the edge of the
water.
We returned in about two hours, less time
than it took to go up, reaching the foot of the
trail none too soon as it was getting dark and
some of the most dangerous places on the trail
are near the foot of it.
A. J. Smitu.
Where can we find a name so holy that we
may surrender our whole souls to it, before
which obedience, reverence without measure,
intense humility, most unreserved adoration,
may all be duly rendered? One name there
is, and one alone; one alone in heaven and
earth — not truth, not justice, not benevolence,
not Christ's mother, not his holiest servants,
not his blessed sacraments, nor his very mysti-
cal biidy, the Church, but himself only who died
f )r us, and rose again, Jesus Christ, both God
and man. — Dr. Arnold.
SUMMARY OF EVENTS.
United States. — Frtiin official Treasury figures the
receipts of the Government during Eighth Month, in
round numbers, were §25,-500,000, and the expendi-
tures $36,000,000, making the deficit for the month
S10,500,000. For the fiscal vtar the receipts have
lieen S54,591,000, and the expentlitnres $78,091,000,
making the deficit for the year to date *23,498,000.
The Treasury gold rtserve at the close of business
on the 31st iilt., had increased to $104,.526,0.53, the re-
sult of the deposit of recently imported foreign gold.
As far as Treasury advices go, the total of gold or-
dered abroad for export to the United States aggre-
gates $13,850,(00, all of which is expected to find its
way into the Treasury.
the Weather Bureau of the Department of Agri-
culture Is sending from Washington to all the hospi-
tals of the large cities for a tabulated statement of
heat cases, prostrations and deaths. An inquiry is
also made as to the extent of the alcohol habit among
the patients of this kind.
Over 40,000,000 franked envelopes have been or-
dered to the present time for political uses in this
tual circulation.
Captain Anderson, Superintendent of the Yellow-
stone Xational Park, in his annual report recommends
an annual appropriation of $100,000 until the road
system of the park is completed.
' A report of the Tuskegee (Ala.) Institute for Col-
ored Boys and Girls, just issued, says: ''A hoy in the
cotton field earns 40 cents a day. He graduates from
the school and earns at his trade, or .is a school teach-
er, $1.50 a day, a gain of $1.10 a day, or for a year,
56
THE FRIEND.
Ninth Mo. 5, 1896.
say 300 working days, $330. A girl in the cotton field
earns 25 cents a day. When she graduates from the
school she can earn at sewing §1 a day, a gain of 75
cents a day over the cotton field, or for one year of
300 working days, $325. A gain for the 750 boys and
girls in one year of $208,125, or in twenty years more
than $4,000,000.
Li Hung Chang, Viceroy of China, arrived in New
York on tl e 2Sth ult., on the steamship St. Lonis.
Earl Li was received by Major General Thomas
Buger, Commander of the Department of the East,
as the personal representative of President Cleveland,
and was escorted to the Waldorf Hotel by the Sixth
United States Cavalry. On the 29th Li Hung Chang
was received by President Cleveland at the residence
of former Secretary of the Navy, William C. Whit-
ney. The meeting was of an informal character.
Several memliers of the Cabinet were present.
The New York correspondent of the Public Ledger
says: "As a questioner Li Hung Chang has no pter
among all the foreigners who have visited this coun-
try, and if he doesn't learn more abnut the United
Slates than any other distinguished visitor in the same
time, those who have met him will be surprised. His
questions are numberless, and nothing is too trivial
to escape his notice or his query. A reporter went
to interview him, and he fired questions so fast that
the newspaper man was simply overwhelmed. And he
asks such personal questions, as, for example, the age
of the persons he meets and their salary. But he
does not by any means confine himself to personal
questions, for municipal regulations, finances, indus-
trial enterprises and a hundred other things draw apt
queries from his eager mind. Before he leaves Amer-
ica it seems probable that a new title will be added to
the many which his great abilities have already
earned, and that he will be known, in this country at
least, as the Grand Old Questioner."
A Republican meeting was held on the night of the
27th ult., in Carnegie Hall, New York Citv. The
principal Fpci.K„ „„ .-.President Harrison, who
discussed the issues of the campaign, rnc k.vil «,as
not near largeenough to accommodate all who wished
to hear General Harrison. The hall seats 3100 per-
sons, and applications for tickets reached 30,000.
Under strong religious eiiiolion experienced at a
revival last week, Edward D. Ennis confessed that he
was a counterfeiter, and gave particulars to the offi-
cials at Waco, Texa*:, which enabled them to capture
a complete outfit and arrest other members of the
gang.
The distribution of supplies in the burned town of
Ontonagon, Michigan, has been so impeded by the
lawless element, which found a stock of liquor in the
ruins of a saloon, that it was necessary to call in out-
side assistance on tlie 29ih ult. to restore order.
It is reported that the cranberry crop in South Jer-
sey is practically ruined, and there will not be more
than a third of last year's crop.
Deaths in this city last week numbered 356, which
is 26 less than the previous week and 56 less than the
correspon<ling week of 1895. Of the whole nimber,
101 were under one year of age ; 177 were males and
179 females: 39 died of marasmus; 3-1 of cholera in-
fantum; 33 of consumption ; 22 of heart disease ; 22 of
inflammation of the stomach and bowels; 16 of apo-
plexy; 15 of pneumonia; 1.3 of old age; 10 of inani-
tion ; 10 of Bright's disease, and 10 of typhoid fever.
Markets, &C.— U. S. 2's, 91 ; 4's, reg., lOU a I05J ;
coupcn, 106 a 107; 4's, new, 112 a 118J; 6's, 108J a
1095 ; currency 6's, 100 a 104.
Cotton was weak, and middling uplands quoted at
8}e. per pound.
Feed.— Winter bran in bulk, quoted $9.00 a $10.00,
and spring do., in sacks, at $9.00 a $9.75 per ton.
Flour. — Winter super, $1.90 a $2.15; do., extras,
$2.15 a $2.30 ; Pennsylvania roller, clear, $2.75 a $3.00;
do., do., straight, $3.00 a $3.25 ; Western winter, clear,
$2.75 a $3.00; do., do., straight, $3.00 a $3.25; do.,
do., patent, $3.35 a $3.55 ; spring, clear, $2.50 a $2.75 ;
do., straight, $3.00 a $3.25 ; do., patent, $3.35 a $3.55 ;
do., favorite brands, higher. City mills, extra, $2 00
a $2.25; do., clear, $2.75 a $3.00; do., straight, $3.00
a $3.25 ; do., patent, .$3.40 a $3.75. Eye Flour was
dull, but steady, at $2 40 per barrel for choice Penu-
eylvania.
GSAIN.— No. 2 red wheat, 61 J a 62c.
No. 2 mixed corn, 2()| a 27c.
Ko. 2 white oats, 25 a 26-Jc.
Beef Cattle. — Extra, 4i a 4| ; good, 4J a 4|c.;
medium, 3| a 4c.; common, 3| a 3Jc.; Texans, 3 a 3.ic.
Sheep and Lam
dium, 3 a 31c.;
lambs, 3 a 6c.
Extra, 4c.; good, 3.1 a 3=
, 2A a 2ie.; culls, 1
Hogs. — Western, 5J a 5Jc. ; State, 5c.
Foreign.— There has been made at Warrington for
the New Glasgow district subway (he biggest rope
ever used for haulage purposes. It is about seven
miles long, 4f inches in circumference and weighs
nearly sixty tons. It has been made in one unjoiuted
and unspliceil length of patent crucible steel. When
in place it will form a complete circle around Glas-
gow, crossing and recrossing the Clyde in its course,
and will run at a speed of fifteen miles an hour.
Cigarette smoking in England dates back to 1844.
The great impetus to their increased use was caused
by the Crimean War of 1854-56, when numbers of
military and naval officers adopted this method of
smoking from the inhabitants of Russia, Turkey,
Malta, Levant, and other parts of Europe.
Said Khalid, the usurping Sultan of Zanzibar, hav-
ing refused to surrender, the British warships on the
27th instant, bombarded and captured his palace.
Said Khalid took refuge at the German Consulate.
The steamer Glasgow, which was owned by the late
Sultan and carried a number of guns, was sunk by the
British warships.
The British Consul at Zanzibar has asked the Ger-
man Consul to surrender Said Khalid, the usurper,
who took refuge in the German Consulate after es-
caping from the palace during the bombardment. It
is believed he will be surrendered to the British au-
th.irities if he is guaranteed treatment as a prince
and a prisoner of war.
The Chateau of Mai mason, which was the residence
of Josephine de Beauharnais after her divorce from
Napoleon I., was sold on the 26th of last month to
M. Orisis, the well-known philanthropist, for 132,000
francs.
The London representative of the New York Sun
writes: "An English journalist, who recently found
himself in Barcelona, sends an account of the condi-
tion of the latest Spanish levies iu-.lere<l to Cuba, more
than confirming the recent reports published in the
Sun. He says: 'The condition of these men is
wretched beyond description. Not only are their
clomeo of (lie piioic^t aiutorial, as much like sack
cloth as anything, but they are altofsctUer unfitted
for the_ climate of the West Indies. So badly mailc
are their uniforms that the seams come undone at the
first physical exertion, and, as there are practically
no tailors with the troops, the rents have to be made
good by the soldiers themselves. All the depots have
been defileted of war stores, and at least 3,000 men
have recently been sent to Cuba without arms, in the
belief that weapons and ammunition would be found
for them by capture from the insurgents. Never was
there such depressing scenes as those witnessed at the
embarkali(in of the troops. The soldiers themselves
were quite sullen, and their relatives were confident
they were going to their deaths as surely as a felon on
his way to the scaffold.' "
The Fi emdenblalt, of Vienna, indicates as a general
resultof the.\ustrian and Russian Ministers' exchange
of views that it is the aim of Austria. Germany and
Russia to continue to prevent a European conflagra-
tion. Precisely as Russia had no desire to intervene
in Armenia, so nothing will be done now in the way
of interference in Constantinople, the Europeans there
being sufficiently protected by the warships of their
respective countries.
Prince Lobanoff-Rostovsky, Russian Minister of
Foreign Affairs, died suddenly on the 30th ult., while
on his way from Vienna to Dresden.
It is reported that the Brazilian Minister to Italy
has left Rome and gone to Paris, in consequence of
the strained relations between the two countries.
There are signs of educational activity in Russia,
among which may be noted increased appropriations
for public education. The Minister of Public Instruc-
tion, to whose province belongs the greater part of
the public institutions, received for 1896 the sum of
$16,681,849, an increase of $728,344 above 1895. The
Department of Public Worship was most favored of
all, the aiuoimt placed at the disposition of the sacred
synod for schools under its jurisdiction being $3,246-
282, nearly double the subvention of the previous
year.
A correspondent of a Berlin paper in Constantino-
ple represents the outbreak of the 26th of last month
as a general massacre, and says that a Turkish mob
attacked the houses of .Armenian inhabitants.
The separatist revolt in the Philippine Islands has
been renewed, and a state of siege has been proclaimed
in Manila.
Extraordinary intelligence comes from that famous
little nation, the South African republic, according to
The Christian CommonweiUh, of London. The laconic
but startling announcement is made that the First
Raad has conflrmed the total liquor prohibition bill.
It is added that this has caused great jubilation among
representatives of mining industry, but the law is con-
sidered too drastic and is regarded as likely to lead to
trouble with the natives.
The clause in Captain General Weyler's currency
decree of the 29th ult., threatening the arrest and
punishment, as aiding and abetting sedition, of any
local bank or broker daring to refuse to accept the
new paper money of the Spanish Havana bank at par
with gold in payment for gold drafts against New York
London, Paris and Hamburg, fell like a bombshell in ,
local financial circles. Leading private banking
houses, in consequence, have notifled their customers
that for the present they would draw n ) foreign bills
of exchange, alleging that they have no funds abroad
to cover them.
BECEIPTS
Unless otherwise specified, two dollars have been re-
ceived from each person, paying for vol. 70.
Asa Ellis, .'Vgent, Ind., for Hannah H. Jones ; B. V.
Stanley, la, $10 for Thns H. Binns, Wm. E. Bundy,
Samuel Erabree, Ziccheiis Test and Thos. Thomasson;
Frances Garrett, Gin., per Hetty B. Garrett; Willian»i
J. Smedley, Pa.: Mary E. Ogden, Pa.; Richard W.
Hutton, Pa.; E. B. Taylor, W. Phila ; James Edgerton,
O., $6 for himself, John G. Hall and Charles Livezey ;
George Abbott, N. J., and for Henry A. Lippincott,
Phila.; William BaUierston, Pa.; Wesley Halderaan,
Pa.; 1. C. Milhoiis, la.; Thomas Ward, Cal., per Mary
Ward; Henry Bacon, Phila., and for Anna D. Snow-
don ; George S. tiarrett, Pa.; E Iward Lippincott, Gtn.;
James E. Meloney, Phila.; William Stanton, .4gent,
O., $6 for Joseph Co.vgill, Barclay Smith and Abram
Plummer; Wm. Robinson, Agent, Ind., $8 for him-
self, Susanna Cox, Job Hinshaw and Mary Reynolds;
Asa Ellis, Agent, Ind., $1 for George Mendenhall to
No. 39, vol. 70; Samuel L. Fox, Pa.; Edith Collins,
N. J.; Walter L. Moore, N. J.; Jesse Negus, Agent,
la., $14 for Sarah Ann Atkinson, Eliz:ibeth T. Coffee,
Elias Crew. Tristram CogTesliall, Mary M. Edmonson,
Erick Knudson and Clarkson T. Penrose; William C.
Warren, Phila., and for S. Eliza Warren and Mary
M. Applegate, N. J.; James W. Oliver and Owen
Dame Mass.; Elizabeth Hunt and for Priscilla Hunt,
O.; Hannah Hoyle, O.; Rachel S. Hulme, Phila.; Geo.
L. Smedlev, Phila.; John M. Sager, Pa.; Owen Y.
Webster, Pa., per Samuel L. Moore; George B. Allen,
Pa.; Wm. C. Buzhv, N. J.; Israel Cope, O.; Ellwo;.d
Cooper, Phila.; Deborah B. Haines, Pliila.; Edward
Maris, M. D., Phila., and for Alfrel E. Maris and
Robert W. Maris; Robert R. Hulme, Gtn.; Hannah
E. Kaighn, Gtn.; Sarah A. Longstreth, Fiix Chase,
Phila ; Hannah P. Rudolph, N. J.; Warner W. Cooper,
N. J.; John R. Tatum, Del., and for Mary T. Evans :
David Wallace, O.
B^" Remitlancea rereived after Third-dny evening wUv
not appear in the Receipts until thefollouing week.
NOTICES.
Friends' Select School will re-open Ninth '.
21st. The Superintendent will be at his office to re-
ceive applications or to confer with patrons each day
during the two weeks preceding the opening, from ten
until one o'clock. For information by mail address
J. Henry Bartlett, Sup't.,
140 N. Sixteenth St.
Westtown Boarding School. — The next term
will commence on Third day, Ninth Month let. Ap-
plications for the admission of pupils should be made'
to William F. Wickersham, Principal.
Westtown, Chester Co., Pa
Died, on the twenty fifth of Seventh Month, 1896 :
Henry Coat, an esteemed member and elder of West
field Monthly Meeting of Friends ; aged eighty-sevec
years, four months and twenty-five days. This deai|
Friend during a long life was firmly attached to the
principles and testimonies as taught by early Friends
and wliilst in health he was often heard pleading for
their maintenance; and when the messenger of death
called for him, he saiil, " If it is right, I am willing tc
go" — leaving a comfortable eviilence to his bereaved
family and friends that his end was peace.
, suddenly at her home in Columbus, N. J., on
Seventh Month 6th, 1896, Caroline DeCou, in hei
sixty-third year, an elder and clerk of Upper Spring-:
field Monthly Meeting, N. J.
WILLIAM H. PILE'S SONS, PRINTERS,
No. 422 Walnut Street.
THE FRIEND.
A Keligious and Literary Journal.
VOL. LXX.
SEVENTH-DAY, NINTH MONTH 12, 1896.
No. 8.
PUBLISHED WEEKLY.
Price, if paid in advance, $2.00 per a
Edwin P. Sellew, Publisher,
Xo. 207 Walnut Place,
(S lUth from Walnut Street, between Third and Fourth,)
PHILADELPHIA.
Articles designed for insertion to be addressed to
JOSEPH WALTON,
MOORBSTOWN, BUKLINGTON CO., N. J.
i Entered as second-class matter at Philadelphia P. O.
»iary and Letters of Deborah Brooks Webb.
(Continued from page 50.)
[Some words have local meanings, and it may
ie pi-oper in explanation of the word " wicked,"
|s used by our dear friend, D. B. Webb, to say
:iat in New England, where she came from, it
i not only used to express the committing of
einous crimes, but, as defined by Webster, in
ball edition, it is also used for " Evil, sinful,
eviating from the Divine law. A word of
'iglit blame." The compilers of the extracts
ave thought best to use her own words.]
! 1854. Thii-d Month 5th.— Dear at our
Meeting and spoke. " The foundation of God
tandeth sure, having this seal, the Lord knoweth
hem that are his," encouraging us to believe that
he Almighty's watchful eye is over all his work-
aanship, that in all our afflictions he is afflicted
nd will satisfy those whose expectation is from
iim. He had been impressed with the history
if Joseph, how he was separated from father,
Dother, brothers and sisters, and was alone ; yet
lis Heavenly Father was with him and brought
lira through difficulties with honor, to his own
;ain, and caused him to be a ble.'sing to them.
' 26th. — Dear • here at our meeting, he
[uoted, "Come unto me all ye that labor and
ire heavy laden and I will give you rest," and
ake ray yoke upon you and learn of me for
. am meek and lowly in heart and ye shall find
■est unto your souls." Am not I one who longs
'or an assurance that my sins are blotted out,
,md for the more full enjoyment of his sweet
oresence in my heart? Have I not been like
iaccheus of old, climbing up high to see, or let-
ing my imagination soar on high to find Him ?
nstead of seeking inward and waiting there to
ind his good presence ? I have often felt that
my heart is too poor, too base and sinful to
;hink of his entering thus, but He assures ii
;hat He ate with publicans and sinners. He
looked on Zaccheus' heart and said, " this day
has salvation come to thy house."
Do I not feel some of his good presence and
how thankful I am, that He enables me in some
degree to obey. I know my sins are great, very
great, oh ! most merciful Saviour be jdeased to
forgive me, though I feel so unworthy of any
pity for my long resistance. said if we
were humble enough He would give us of his
good Spirit to comfort us at times here, and
at last would lead us safely through the valley
of death to the glorious regions above.
Fourth Month 2nd. — What a favored raeet-
ng. Dear H. Gibbons spoke first, " Except ye
abide in the vine," etc., encouraging us to look
to the Saviour and to bow low before Him, to
walk in the strait and narrow path, to cease
from our own strength, and watch and pray to
be found faithful.
" Renounce all strength, but strength Divine,
And peace shall be forever tliine."
Then spoke first of faith and addressed
the audience so well, and then so kindly reason-
ing with them of another state of existence,
mentioning Lazarus and the rich man ; going
through the whole account. Spoke of the other
world, and of the state of punishment; that if
we were not of those who were abiding and liv-
ing with our Saviour, we must be of the other
class, there were but two alternatives, to be with
Him, or in the bottomless pit. Towards the
last addressed the young, saying, let none be
presuming that because some are visited and
revisited all their lives long, that it will be the
case with all. The day of visitation may go by,
we may become as the heath in the desert, not
knowing when good comes ; " where much is
given, much will be required."
We have had line upon line and precept upon
precept, some have been designed to be polished
shafts in his quiver, and to be messengers unto
others. These would have baptisms and they
would love to be alone and pour out their souls
in prayer, "sitting alone and keeping silence,
if so be there may be hope." " When their
tongue cleaveth to the roof of their mouth for
thirst of God, He would open to them streams
in high places and fountains in the inidst of the
valleys." Oh ! it was an humbling time to me.
On Fourth-day was Monthly Meeting at Bir-
mingham. Dear Fhebe W. Roberts was there.
Dear P. spoke so encouragingly, " Fear not lit-
tle flock, it is your Father's good pleasure to
give you the kingdom." " Fear not, be not dis-
mayed," etc., then speaking to the young, en-
couraging them to choose who they would serve
— endeavor to be dedicated to be willing even to
become fools for his sake. Oh ! I thought I never
would disobey again, but now, I feel that I did
fret that evening; I hope to be forgiven. Then
dear spoke, " Some men labor and lay up
subsistence of this world's goods, not taking
care for the future life." The Lord's poor never
know what may be their lot; to-day they may
be exalted and honored and the next have to sit
like supplicants at the gate, like Jlordecai, one
day honored the next low, but how greatly to
be preferred is the latter state ; closing with
" How awful must the summon be oh death, to
him who is at ease in his possessions."
Dear Fhebe staid with us that night, it is so
pleasant to me to see the Lord's servants. When
I left her in the morning for school she encour-
aged me to hope that my labore would be of use
to the children — but poor me, I feel if I could
' wholly obey I should be enabled to flo my
whole duty in school. Oh ! my merciful Sav-
iour, be pleased to enable me to do what and
all tiiat I feel is right. Be plea.sed to grant me
trength ; Thou art ever worthy to be served.
9th. — Surely the Lord is very good ; how
much comfort and satisfaction He makes me
feel, who have been such a hesitating and halt-
ing one against his commands. Oh ! that I may
obey in meekness and notiiingness of self. How
has way been made for me at this time to go to
Parkerville and there to see Aseneth Hall.*
I sincerely hope she may be led along the slip-
pery path safely and be enabled to put her trust
n Him, who certainly helped me who am so
unworthy.
Last "Fifth-day was at this meeting
again, to our mutual satisfaction and comfort.
Dear H. Gibbons spoke first so comforting, so
encouraging to the younger members. Will
He be strength in weakness to me? W^ill He
not quench the smoking flax? Is his grace
sufficient for poor me? Oh! that I might be
girt with holy armor to stand against my cruel
enemy. Oh ! send out thy light and thy truth,
let them lead me, let them bring me unto thy
Holy Hill and to thy tabernacle. Then dear
spoke so well to the young, unfolding the
reason and utility of being plain and using the
plain language, "Stand ye in the ways and see
and ask for the old paths, where is the good
ay and walk therein, and ye shall find rest
for your souls."
23rd. — Just returned from attending Yearly
Meeting. Oh ! it has been a strengthening time
to me.
First-day morning, went to North Meeting.
W. Kennard from the West spoke so solemnly.
Oh ! I felt that I was one, wandering in the
barren mountains of Gilboa, where there " was
neither rain nor dew," and I felt bowed down
and willing to be as clay in the hands of the
Potter, desiring to come unto One, who will re-
ceive those who are weary and heavy laden,
and who is so merciful and long suflTering.
I did try to come to Him and in the afternoon
meeting I did pray that I might so walk as
not to be left without heavenly " rain or dew."
Shortly after W. Kennard kneeled in supplica-
tion for mercy to be shown — " Be pleased to
forgive our iniquities, and blot out all our trans-
gressions." Oh ! I feel so thankful and could
adopt part of it myself. May I be faithful, see-
ing my Heavenly Father makes a way for me,
where there seems to be no way at all ; wherein
I am resigned. He makes the hills and moun-
tains of opposition skip like lambs and rams.
I was thankful for this day.
Second-day, commenced Yearly Meeting. Re-
presentatives were called, epistles read, some
so very good ; committee on treasurer appointed.
One spoke, then dear A. W. said it was a fear-
ful thing to say, " Albeit the Lord said it, when
He hath not said it." The whole of the meetings
have been so good to me. I think it was such
a privilege to attend them.
'Teacher at Parkerville
58
THE FRIEND.
Ninth Mo. 12,
Ou Fifthdaj niorning attended North Meet-
ing, where W. K., B. Hoyle and spoke, to
our strengthening and encouragement; also a
j'oung man spoke, and P. W. Roberts appeared
in supplication. Oh! it was so good, his mercy is
so great, his arm is not shortened that it cannot
save, nor his ear grown heavy that He cannot
hear. After all the good advice we had in the
Yearly Mealing, I ho<)e to be obedient and not
consult with flesh and blood. I fear so much
for myself. Be pleased Heavenly Father to
help me. The testimony concerning Hinchman
Haines was read, showing how the Lord whom
he trusted, and whom he tried to serve had sup-
ported and preserved him all his life through.
Fifth Month 7th.— One week ago was sad
indeed to us. Dear Anne is so stripped, dear
friend Jefferis was taken from us at half-past
twelve on Fourth Month 30th. I had just re-
turned from meeting and assisted Anne to do
some things for her, when she went into a sweet
sleep and never awoke in this world again.
Dear woman, I believe she has entered that
Heavenly City where there is " no need of the
light of the sun, nor of the moon, for the Lord
God and the Lamb are the light thereof." Oh !
I mean to try to obey my Heavenly Father in
everything, then it seems He will, in his great
mercy, let me go there too.
Last First-day dear Benjamin Hoyle was at
our meeting. He commenced with When the
Son of man cometh shall He find faith on the
earth? Spoke much about faith. " Hast thou
faith ? have it to thyself" " He that cometh to
God must believe that He is, and that He is a
rewarder of all them that diligently seek Him."
" Without faith it is impossible to please Him."
" He knoweth our frame. He remembereth we are
dust." It seems to me I am too young to think
about faith, as possessing it myself. He said, if
we had it, we should be enabled to say, " He
leadeth me beside the still waters," etc., and
though " I walk through the valley of the
shadow of death I will fear no evil." I felt
unworthy of hearing this comforting language.
He appeared in supplication to the Father
of mercies, that He would enable us to walk
free from sin and transgression. Oh ! this is my
desire and prayer. In the evening he came round
here, and after a pause spoke to the dear chil-
dren, whose parent had just been taken from
them, that it was his intention to draw them
nearer to himself After a little, said again,
that it was not the design of the Great Head of
the Church to rob it of its ornaments, but that
He was willing to pour out of his Spirit and
raise up others. I did not speak to him, but
was thankful to be in the room.
On Third-day the funeral took place ; dear
friend she was a tender succorer of me. I miss
her very much and it is my earnest desire to
do all I can for the comfort of dear Anne. She
feels much stripped. Dear P. W. R. and Wm.
Scattergood bore testimony to the worth of the
departed, of her faith and zeal. " Precious in
the sight of the Lord is the death of his saints."
On" Fourth-day morning dear P. W. R. had
a sweet little communication of encouragement.
" The Master calleth thee," desiring to impress
upon our minds the importance of obedience to
the heavenly call. Oh ! I try to exercise faith,
it seems to me I feel his presence when I try.
(To be continued.)
I HAVE no doubt that shrinking from re-
quired duty, leading into darkness as it does, is
often, very often, the beginning of a course
which eventually leads down to the chambers of
death. — Peleg Mitchell.
Friends in Westphalia.
(Continued from page 52.;
On that account the government first of all
gave the civil officer Mueller, of Klausberg, the
charge under the date of twenty-third of Feb-
ruary, 1796, to gather further information on
the behavior of the brothers Reckefuss and of
the hireling (tenant) Koenig and to give notice
of it within eight days, but particularly to give
information first once, whether the one or the
other also tried to persuade several persons to
embrace their enthusiasm and then and above
all, whether they had tried to mislead other
subjects to do the conveyances required in war.
And the accounts given by Mueller according
to this order are now wortfiy of notice in many
respects. Above all he sees himself obliged to
give the three defendants accused by Mumfern
a testimony that might be absolutely acknowl-
edged in regard to their morals.
In regard to the religion the farmer Chris-
topher Reckefuss has indeed got eccentric ideas
and has fallen into a kind of enthusiasm, join-
ing with not any Christian church, and living
in a connection with a woman already these ten
years without being married with her. The
other reports of the pastor of Berg are also con-
firmed in this regard. He has not christened
the two children, which he has got with that
person and not till now (hitherto) sent them to
any school. He and his wife also abstain from
the Lord's supper, and he pretends that he does
it on that account, because they are always
obliged to pay (give money) for the performance
of these actions every time, which is sinful ac-
cording to his persuasion ; the minister being
obliged to work himselT. And even from thence
Mueller adds, it also proceeds that he refuses
from time to time to give the clergyman the
tithes belonging to them. On the other hand
he is a very good and industrious landlord who
keeps three horses for the field, and everything
(all) ou his farm is also in good, prosperous con-
dition. He has especially got a good stock of
cattle and he annually pays duly the royal
duties and those relating to the lord of the
manor, so that nothing disadvantageous may
be said of him in this respect. And likewise
also the tenant Reckefuss, the husband of the
woman Corders, only that he carries further
his enthusiasm than his brother, because he has
let grow his beard these two years, and if any-
body converses with him he always speaks of
the Bible, and especially (particularly) of the
revelation of John. Mueller then reports still
more of him, that he has put into his head some
years ago that he must (should) go to Jerusa-
lem, and that he having walked from one place
to another had always had the Bible in his arm,
but they have made no attempts of proselytism.
They are for the most part at their residences
at work and only from time to time they go on
a journey, particularly the tenant Reckefuss,
and indeed sometimes to Pyrmont, where (also)
some that have similar principles live and by
whom they perhaps sometimes are visited. But
in other respects they are peaceful and also have
not tried to induce other subjects not to do
the conveyances required in war. The farmer
Reckefuss (has) refused only at the very begin-
ning to give his horses and carriages for the
conveyances required in war, because he, as he
said, waged war neither with the French nor
with the King of Prussia. Nevertheless, he has
given later, also given his horses, when the ad-
ministration of justice of Vlutho ordered the
conveyances required in war to be done by
others, immediately in the first case of refusal
at his expenses and had then, because he would ,
not pay, taken away from him and sold as many
goods as were sufficient to the payment.
Under these circumstances the local govern-i
ment again applied for advice to Uie general 1
government, and at the same time forwarded a.
new charge — which was that the peasant Recke- ^
fuss had lost his youngest child by death, and
had publicly buried it in his garden in the pre-'
sence of many Quakers who assembled on the'
occasion, thus declining to pay to the official j
pastor the church-dues to which he was en-
titled.
The Ecclesiastical Consistory evidently felt;
itself at a loss how to deal with such refractory j
people, who while paying their taxes and con-
ducting as honest and peaceable subjects, were'
yet unbending in their opposition to whatever
came in conflict with their religious convictions.'
Some correspondence followed with the Lord oi i
Woellner, the prime minister, who laid the mat-
ter before the King, and obtained a decree that'
Reckefuss' child should be disinterred from it*
father's garden and placed in the public ceme-
tery, and that the tithes and usual fees should
be paid to the clergyman, and that the three,
Quaker families should be separated from each
other. The authorities at Minden reported that
there were inseparable difficulties in the way oi
carrying out the separation of the Quakers.
In 1797 a royal rescript was obtained which
forbid the Quakers the public and private ex-
ercise of their faith, but nothing further is said o)
the manner of marriage of the brothers Recke-
fuss, who were no further molested on that ac-
count by the authorities.
Soon after this the Friends residing in Min-
den were exposed to renewed persecution owing
to the magistracy prohibiting their religious
meetings. This drew forth an appeal to tht
government in which they plead the merits o)
their case and ask for the granting to them ol
the same privileges as had been confirmed tc
the Mennonites and other sects. The govern-
ment professed to allow religious liberty and
freedom of conscience to the people, but it ob-
jected to some of its practical results. Such as
the refusal to aid in the military matters, or t(
take oaths when required by the civil law, oi
to contribute to the expenses or submit to th«
requirements of the ecclesiastical department
The magistrates hoped that the Quakers woul(i
become weary of paying the fine of ten thalerf
for meeting for worship and gradually disband
The persecuted Friends further prosecuted
their ease by sending a petition to the King o: i
Prussia himself. j
It commences with a grateful acknowledg i
ment of the King's declaration in that the libertj j
of conscience of every one of his subjects is in-i
violable. It goes on to say, that this declara-'
tion given to us by thy own royal hand stil/
seems to be misunderstood by the magistracj
of Minden, because it continues in persecuting
us and forbidding our Christian meetings foi
worshipping God, by fine of ten dollars. Thir
vigorous manner of proceeding must be the mors
conspicuous to us as to all tolerantly disposec
observers near and far, since it is evidently al
variance with the before-mentioned solemn de
claration bearing not any doubt, that the wor-
ship of the Almighty is merely a matter of con
science and of faith, which has nothing in com
mon with civil regulations and duties, and it is
impossible that it can be injurious to the state
that a society of quiet, peaceful and industrioui;
subjects are permitted to serve God and worshij
Him in such a manner as it thinks the mosii
inth Mo. 12,
THE FRIEND.
59
eeptable to Him, and to which it thinks to
I obliged by its cousuieuce.
We feel ourselves absolutely obliged to wor-
ip the Father iu spirit and in truih, accord-
ig to the teachings of our Redeemer Jesus
hrist, and hold, as we believe, our Divine ser-
ice with that simplicity which was customary
mong the apostles and first Christians, and
grees with the Holy Scriptures. If we be de-
rived of this liberty, our liberty of conscience
ill be entirely destroyed, for we cannot then
irve God according to our conscience. And
here, as we are convinced in our hearts, that
vain faith without practice is only dead and
Cuitless, and in order to have peace with God
bi.s mind, a man has to obey the conviction
!f his good Spirit and on that account a man
i to hearken unto Him more than unto men
matter of faith and of conscience. We do
t see before our fiice anything else but the
srtain loss of our income and fortune and the
npoverishraent of our families, by which we
aall be disenabled at the same time and in the
me to come to perform our duties as subjects.
yTseful, if we cannot make up our mind to the
prrowful choice of fleeing from the country and
saving our relatives, nor the king be pleased
-> give his words such a force so that the per-
^cution be checked thereby and the liberty of
onseience of his subjects be protected.
This petition was brought before the Council
f State of the whole Ministry, and the final
ecree was that the Quakers must observe the
vil order and perform the civil duties like
ther subjects and there the matter might rest.
The author of the narrative says, " Recke-
BS kept his convictions and had here and there
is silent followers in the country and in the
)reign country, to wit (viz :), in the country of
,ippe and of Schaumburg, whom he, their pa-
'iriarch, off and on visited ; a figure, also still,
/as able to make an impression in its plain
iPpearance and scriptural knowledge, always
eady to debate. The people, although they
old a variety of absurdities, had still a certain
espect for him : yea, it was, what always does
jot lose its impression, the wisdom (knowledge)
iif the vvord of God, which often enough spoke
'Ut of him."
! What is the basis of all honest commercial
ransactions? It is not gold or silver or Gov-
ernment notes or real estate; it is personal in-
egrity. Banish that, and the business com-
nuuity would discover the ditterence as soon as
'ou or I would detect the difference if every
nch of pure air were withdrawn from our dwel-
ings. Take conscience out of Broadway, or
Wa.ll Street, or South Street, and men of busi-
less would no sooner dare to trade there than
'hey would dare to walk there if every foot of
.he pavements were mined underneath with dy-
lamite.
What is true in commercial affairs is equally
i;rue iu civil affairs. The life of our beloved
pountry does not depend upon its statute-books,
,)ut upon the public sentiment behind the stat-
Jtes. Iu a republic every voter is a ruler ; and
;ihe only solid basis of good government is the
'individual conscience which seeks to know what
lis right and dares to do it. The ballot is in-
jfinitely more than a privilege; it is a solemn
{trust; and the man who uses it carelessly or
icwrruptly or wickedly, is guilty of treason to
his country.
One of the most prevalent and serious dangers
is the tendency of so many people to divorce
jtheir religion from their politics. Their moral
make-up seems to be divided into two sej)arate
compartments; in one they put their religion,
in the other they put their citizenship. On
Sunday they worship God in their church ;
during the week they worship a party-creed,
however bad, and for personal or party aggran-
dizement are not ashamed to buy votes, or cheat
in a caucus. Politics is not to them a matter
of sacred duty; it is a game to be played at,
and conscience goes under the table. Today a
man is wearing a striped jacket in Sing Sing
prison who at the time of his conviction for out-
rageous political frauds was a prominent mem-
ber of an Evangelical Church and the superin-
tendent of a Sabbath-school ! — The Independent.
For "The Friend."
Radnor Monthly Meeting.
BY GEORGE VAUX.
At the time of the separation in 1827 Radnor
Monthly Meeting consisted of five particular
meetings — Merion, Haverford, Radnor, the Val-
ley, and Charlestown, near Phoenixville. It
had a membership of four hundred and forty-
five, but of these only seventy remained with
Friends. Nearly if not quite all the latter re-
sided within a circle of about five miles radius,
taking Haverford College as the centre. Only
two of our meetings survived the separation,
and all the meeting-houses passed into the
hands of those who separated. One of these
meetings was held in a school-house a little
above Hestonville, which was afterwards known
as Blockley Meeting. The other has for many
years been held in a modern meeting-house
near Haverford College, built about 1837. The
organization of the Slonthly Meeting was con-
tinued until 1865, when its members were joined
to Philadelphia Monthly Meeting for the West-
ern District. Both of the particular meetings
for worship were continued, but that near Hes-
tonville was laid down some years since, the one
near Haverford College alone remaining. Al-
most the whole of the records of this Monthly
Meeting fell into the hands of the separatists,
but a few years since, the Western District
Monthly Meeting was afforded the opportunity
of having them copied, which was done so far
as they were then known to be in existence.
The work was completed after several years'
labor, in a number of large volurae-s, embrac-
ing Minutes of the Monthly Meeting, records
of births, marriages and deaths, certificates of
removal, and some other matters, all type-writ-
ten, paged and indexed. These volumes are
deposited in the Record Room at Friends' Li-
brary. It is a source of much regret that the
minutes from Ninth Month, 1686, to Fifth Mo.,
1693, and from Ninth Month, 1704, to Eleventh
Month, 1712, could not be found. The first
volume of copies has to a large extent furnished
the material from which this article has been
prepared. The district embraced within Radnor
Monthly Meeting was mainly that known as the
Welsh Tract. The great immigration of Welsh
Friends concerning which it has been justly said
that Wales emptied its Quakers into Pennsyl-
vania, caused the establishment of the jNIonthly
Meeting.
A recent writer has said " Quakerism has been
a great power iu many parts of Wales, where
by this time, the very name of the Friends has
been almost forgotten among the peasantry. A
s )litary burial-place in the mountains, a tradi-
tion of much suflcriug, the name of a rough
stone pulpit, these are the only memorials of
the men and women who taught the high ideals
of honesty and peace during times of religious
indifference and of religious fervor alike."
There is, however, one ancient meeting-house
still standing in Merionethshire, in about the
same condition, apart from a new roof and
windows, that it was two centuries ago, though
no longer owned by Friends. It was sold to
the Congregationalists about fifty year.-) since.
Here many of the early Welsh Friends who emi-
grated worshipped before they came to America.
The original meetings of Merion, Haverford,
and Radnor, appear to have been established
about the same time, and very early after the
first influx of settlers. The other meetings were
of later date as will hereafter appear.
The first minute appears to be that dated
Second Mo. 10th, 1684, and is in the following
words: " At the men's meeting held at Thomas
Duckett's house the tenth day of the Second
Month, 1684."
Thomas Duckett's name is a familiar one to
those who are acquainted with Friends' Records.
He was in America before William Penn and
is spoken of in the minutes of the city meetings
as living " the other side of Schuylkill."
At this first meeting two couples passed. No
meeting-houses having then been built, the
IMonthly Meetings were held at private houses.
Each meeting seems to have designated where
the next one was to be held. The second meet-
ing was held at the hou.se of William Warner,
and the third at that of Hugh Roberts.
Hugh Roberts was an early settler. He was
a minister, and is described as having been a
serviceable instrument in the Church of Christ.
His religious labors were mostly confined to the
neighborhood where he lived, though he appears
to have been twice in his native laud, and trav-
elled somewhat in different parts of America.
He died in 1702.
The necessity of providing burial places was
one of the first subjects which claimed atten-
tion, and it is noted in the Ninth Month, 1684,
that such burial places had been set out both
for Haverford and Merion. At the same time
week-day meetings were established to be held
at Thomas Duckett's house on Third-day, at
Haverford on Fourth-day, and at Merion on
Sixth-day.
John Bevan's name early appears. He was
born about 1646 and came to Pennsylvania
soon after William Penn, probably in 1684.
He was a minister. After spending about twenty
years in this country, he returned to his former
home at Treveyricke in Wales, where he died
in 1710. Owing to a storm he was unable to
board the vessel which he first took passage in,
a providential circumstance, for it was captured
by pirates. Of impending danger to that ship
he seems to have had a clear intimation.
All of his children remained in America
(they having married h§re), except his youngest
daughter the saintly Barbara Bevan, who was
a diligent attender of meetings from her sixth
year. At the age of sixteen her religious char-
acter developed, and a gift in the ministry was
conferred upon her. She travelled ou religious
service extensively both in America and in
Wales and laid down her armor and sweetly
passed from works to rewards in 170-5, at the
early age of twenty-three, having been a min-
ister seven years. Her last hours were marked
by loving expressions towards her relatives and
friends.
John German or Jarman is also referred to
about the same time. He came from Llaugerig,
Montgomeryshire, iu 1683. He settled close to
where the present Radnor Meeting-house stands,
was an able minister and instrumental in build-
60
THE FRIEND.
Ninth Mo. 12, 1896.
ing up the meeting held at that place. He died
in 1697. A memorial of him was probably
prepared, but it does not appear to have been
recorded.
In the early part of 1693 a statement is
recorded of the coucern of the meeting, on ac-
count of the tendency to follow the vain cus-
toms of the world " contrary to the express tes-
timony of the Scriptures of Truth," and "the
testimony of many ancient Friends," and a
committee of several Friends was appointed for
each of the meetings of Haverford, Meriun and
Radnor, to have inspection over those that
profess truth, "that they may be prevented of
going on in that broad way that leads to de-
struction."
From the Fifth Month, 1693, until the Second
Month, 1698, the Monthly Meeting was held at
Haverford. At that time it was concluded to
hold it in course alternately at Haverford,
Merion and Radnor.
In the Eighth Month, 1693, reference is made
to a tax having been levied of " one shilling per
hundred, toward the taking of wolves," and on
the tenth of Eleventh Mouth, 1694, it is noted
that a committee was appointed " to get a stable
made adjoining to this meeting-house," showing
that some kind of a building for meeting pur-
poses existed at Haverford at that early day.
The name of Rees Thomas first appears on
the tenth of Third Month, 1694. He was from
Caermarthenshire, and came to America in
1691 in the same ship with his affianced, Martha
Awbrey. He is described in his certificate as
having been of a meek and quiet disposition,
and well beloved of all sorts, descended of a
good family, and " had been very serviceable
upon the account of truth in all honest designs,"
and " one that walked according to the order
of truth from his first convincement." It is
further naively remarked " as far as we do un-
derstand he is not clear from Martha Awbrey,
one of the passengers, wherein we have nothing
to say against them in the least, the which we
thought fit to acquaint you as our incumbent
duty."
Martha Awbrey was a sister of William Aw-
brey, who married William Penn's daughter
" Tische." She was descended from an ancient
and honorable Welsh family, seated for many
generations at Llanelewiu Brecknockshire. Her
character has been given in a few terse words —
" Her life was exemplary, and her memory pre-
cious to all acquainted with her. It was a moni-
tor, whether she was considered as a wife, a
mother, an elder in the church, a mistress, a
neighbor or a friend. As her life was right-
eous, so her death was sweet."
Rees Thomas and Martha Awbrey were mar-
ried at Haverford in 1692, soon after their ar-
rival in Pennsylvania. . They settled on a tract
of land on part of which Bryn Mawr Ck)llege
stands. Their dwelling house was close to the
present Rosemont Station. The writer well re-
members this ancient dwelling, which only dis-
appeared within the last twenty-five years. It
is said to have been one of the first, if not the
very first building constructed of stone to the
west of the river Schuylkill. The sash, which
were imported from England, were of lead, and
the floor boards were fastened to the joist with
wooden pegs instead of nails. Straw was used
in the plaster for want of hair. It contained a
huge fireplace, on either side of which were
benches capable of seating several persons.
The marriage certificate of this couple is a
curiosity. Rees promised Martha " to be true,
loving and faithful to her, and to behave him-
self as becomes a man to behave himself to
his wife," whilst Martha promised Rees that she
would "love him and make much of him."
But perhaps there was more in these quaint
promises than is often the case with the formal
words used in the present day.
On the eleventh of Eighth Month, 1694, we
find that a committee was appointed " to draw
a testimony in the behalf of the meeting con-
cerning the godly, grave, and orderly life and
conversation and comfortable end of our dear
friend, Thomas Lloyd, lately deceased."
Thomas Lloyd was one of the most prominent
and influential men connected with the early
history of Pennsylvania. He was born at Dolo-
brau, Montgomeryshire, Wales, about 1640.
Descended from royal stock, possessing superior
natural parts, highly educated and of considera-
ble estate, his favor was sought and preferments
oflTered by many who were of account in the
world. He, however, refused worldly advance-
ment, and joining the Society of Friends, be-
came an able minister of our Lord and Saviour
Jesus Christ, suffering imprisonments and much
loss of outward substance in the maintenance
of his principles. He came to Pennsylvania
with his family the year after William Penn,
and for some years was Deputy Governor. He
died in 1694 at the early age of forty-five, from
an illness supposed to have been occasioned by
the griefs and sorrows brought upon him by
the apostacy of George Keith and the abuse
which he suffered from his followers. His life
was innocent, and he left behind a meek spirit
which lived with his friends who survived.
(To be continued.)
For "The Friend."
The Banks of the Pensaukin.
On the nineteenth of Eighth jMonth, in com-
pany with two or three young friends, I set out
to examine a part of the banks of the Pensau-
kin, along which I had never before travelled.
We left the cars at Maple Shade Station. As
we traversed an open field near by, one of our
company found a young garter snake, about a
foot in length. This harmless snake may be
readily recognized by the stripes down its back
and sides. The scales are not smooth like those
of the Blacksnake, but have a little prominence
or keel, which renders them rough to the touch.
The peculiar gliding motion of these animals is
etfected by the combined action of the ribs and
the broad scales on the under side of the body.
The hinder edges of these scales rest on the
ground, and resting on these the body is pushed
or drawn forwards. Most of our snakes are
oviparous — the eggs being laid where the heat
of the sun will mature them. They feed on in-
sects and small animals, and the teeth are small,
sharp and pointed backward, so as to prevent
their prey from slipping out. The bones of the
jaws are more or less movable, so that the throat
can be distended so as to swallow comparatively
large animals.
In poisonous snakes there are in the upper
jaw two teeth or fangs, which are curved and
hollow, connected with a poison-bag, so that
when the animal strikes with them the poison
is forced into the wound. There are over one
hundred and thirty species of snakes in North
America, north of Mexico, but of these there
are very few poisonous ones. In the State of
New Jersey only two venomous kinds are known
Rattlesnake and the Copperhead. Com-
-the
paratively few persons are familiar enough with
the appearance of different snakes to be certain
that one they meet with is harmless, and as the
consequences of a bite from a venomous snake
are so dangerous, they think it safest to avoid
contact with any. '
We met daring the course of the day with a
much larger snake than the little garter — a well
grown blacksnake, which when touched with a
stick darted into the creek.
An interesting object was a large and beau-
tiful Garden Spider, which had constructed a
net among the bushes, with radiating lines ot [
spokes, and a spirally concentric line crossing
and supported by these. If this spiral line i
touched by the finger it will adhere to it, and
will stretch when the finger is withdrawn to
several times its original length. The spiral
line bears numerous bead-like drops of sticky
material. Near the end of the abdomen ol
the spider are situated the spinning organs,
which are two or three pairs of appendages
each ending in numerous small tubes from
which the silk issues in a liquid state, but im-
mediately hardens on coming into the air. Or-
dinarily the tips of these spinnerets are brought
together, so that all the fibres of the silk a«
joined into one thread, but sometimes the spidei
will spread its spinnarets apart, so as to spin a
broad, ribbon-like band. Our spider had spur
such a ribbon, perhaps three inches long anc
one-fourth of an inch wide, near the centre o;
its web, probably to stiffen and strengthen it
It resembled a narrow ribbon with the threads
traversing it in a zigzag fashion, and was quit(
a pretty object.
Among the insects which attracted onr no
tice was the common White Cabbage Butterfly
This seemed to be quite attracted to the bunchei
of Purple Boneset, (Eupatorium piirpureum)
fluttering about it in groups of a dozen or so
The larvje of this insect is a pale green worn
which feeds on cabbage and similar plants, anc
is sometimes quite destructive. In some part'
of the creek, the water for large spaces wa;
closely covered with a very small floating plant
with rootlets hanging down in the water. I
was the Duckmeat (Lemna polyrrihiza), of Lin
nreus. This plant is common in ponds anc,
pools throughout North America, but is verj
rarely seen either in fruit or flower. It propa
gates itself by forming new plants, from a clef
in the edge of the frond, and also by minut(
fronds or bulblets which sink to the bottom, bu
rise and vegetate in the spring.
Running over the bushes and trees on th(
steep bank of the creek were several vines o
the Fox Grape ( Vitis lab-ntsca), and my younf
companions seemed to appreciate the oppor
tunity of feasting on the large, purple grape.'
which it produces. It reminded me of the dayi
of early boyhood, when I too enjoyed this wit!
other wild fruits. It has a musky flavor, anc
is believed to have been the parent from whicl
have originated the Isabella, Catawba, Concorc
and other grapes.
Creeping in the mud were patches of a lo«
herb, with round or kidney shaped leaves — the
i Mud Plantain (Heteranthera reniformis). The
flowers had disappeared.
Near the edge of the water we espied some
plants with a spike of beautiful intensely rec
flowers, a foot or more in length, and at once
recognized the Cardinal Flower (Lobelia car
dinalLi), one of the most showy of our nativf
flowers.
We saw several clusters of much branchet
herbs, with bright orange-colored flowers, thickl}
spotted with reddish-brown dots, hanging grace
fully down on slender stalks. As the seed-pod.-
ripeu the valves which compose them coil elai
finth Mo. 12, 1S96.
THE FRIEND.
61
ically, until the tension bursts them loose from
ach other, and the seed are scattered by a sort
f explosion. This habit gives the plant its com-
in name of Touch-me-not {Impaiiem fulva).
iere,isanotherspecies\vith rather largerflowers
f a pale yellow color called Impatiens pallida,
hich is not so common as the I. fulva, but I
hink more abundant on the other side of the
)elaware than in New Jersey.
There is a genus of plants in which the calyx
IS a helmet-shaped appendage on the upper
ip, from which is derived its common name
hutellaria, and its common appellation of Skull-
There are several species of this genus,
nd one of them we met with in our walk. It
3 much branched, with small violet-purple
lowers. Some years ago it was spoken of as a
overeign remedy for hydrophobia, and from
got its distinctive name of Mad-dog Skull-
sap, but it has fallen into deserved obscurity as
I speciBc for that disease.
Growing in the water were plants of the Ar-
w Head {Sagittaria sagittifolia), so called from
he shape of its leaves, which however vary
finery much in width and outline. Some leaves
ire as broad as long ; others are reduced to a
' simple leaf stem, without any expansion of leaf-
jssue. I have found such in our pine barren
Jistricts. Gray, in his botany, adopts the spe-
cific name of Variabilis, given to this species by
Dr. Engelmann.
One of our company found a caterpillar of
in inch or more in length, whose body was
closely studded with little white oblong bodies,
which were the cocoons of a species of ichneu-
mon fly. The ichneumon flies appear to be de-
signed to keep in check the increase of insects
which may be hurtful to the farmer. The parent
fly pierces the body of the caterpillar and de-
posits its eggs within the body, where they
hatch and feed on the blood and substance of
their unwilling host, which finally perishes from
the loss of its substance. Just before this takes
Iplace the young ichneumons emerge and spin
their cocoons on the outside of the body. The
adult parasite cuts a neat little lid at the upper
end of its case, from which it thus makes its
escape. J. W.
i Lincoln and the Children. — The very
children knew him [Lincoln], for there was not
one of them for whom he had not done some
ikind deed. " My first strong impression of Mr.
Lincoln," says a lady at Springfield, " was made
by one of his kind deeds. I was going with a
little friend for my first trip alone on the rail-
road cars. It was an epoch of my life. I had
planned for it and dreamed of it for weeks. The
day I was to go came, but as the hour of the
train approached, the hackman, through some
neglect, failed to call for my trunk. As the
minutes went on, I realized, in a panic of grief,
that I should miss the train. I was standing
■by the gate, my hat and gloves on, sobbing as
if my heart would break, when Mr. Lincoln
I came bv.
"'Why, what's the matter?' he asked, and
I poured out all my story.
"'How big's the trunk? There's still time,
if it isn't too big.' And he pushed through the
gate and up to the door. My mother and I
took him up to my room, where my little old-
fashioned trunk stood, locked and tied. 'Oh,
ho,' he cried ; ' wipe your eyes, and come on
quick.' And before I knew what he was going
to do, he had shouldered the trunk, was down-
stairs, and striding out of the yard. Down the
street he went, fast as his long legs could carry
him, I trotting behind, drying my tears as I
went. We reached the station in time. Mr.
Lincoln put me on the train, kissed me good-bye,
and told me to have a good time. It was just
like him."— /(7a M. Tarbell, in McCluren Mwja-
From the "Leisure Hour. '
The Persian Poet's Farewell.
The following poem is taken from a prose
translation of the original, given in " Palgrave's
Travels in Western Arabia." The sentiments
are rather those of a Christian sage than of one
unacquainted with the light of revelation, and
it is diflicult to understand how the writer could
have attained such views of the character of
God, and the immortality of the soul of man,
without the aid of Christian teaching. All that
we are told of Ahmed el Ghazallah is that he
was the most famous sage and poet of his day,
and that he lived at Toos, in Persia, during the
eleventh century. His fiirewell to his disciples
is prefaced by an introduction to the following
effect.
Ahmed el Ghazallah, the greatest of the sages
of Persia, said to his disciples, " Fetch me white
garments, for I must appear to-night in the
presence of my king." His disciples hastened
to fulfil his command, but great was their dis-
may when on returning with white garments
they found their master dead. Lying on the
ground beside him, they discovered a scroll, on
which was written his farewell message.
"Tell thou to my friends, when weeping.
They my words descry,
Here voii find my body sleeping,
But'it isnot I!
Now in life immortal hovering.
Far away I roam.
This was but my house, my cov'ring,
'Tis no more my home.
" This was as the cage that bound rae ;
I the bird, have flown ;
This was but the shell around me ;
I the pearl, am gone!
Over me as o'er a treasure,
Had a spell been cast,
God has spoken at his pleasure,
I am free at last !
"Thanks and praise to Him be given
\Vho hath set me free,
Now forevermore in heaven
Shall my dwelling be.
There I stand his face beholding,
With the saints in light.
Present, future, past unfolding
In this mirror bright.
" Toiling through the plain I leave yon,
I have journeyed on,
From your tents why should it grieve you.
Friends, to find me gone?
Let the house forsaken perish !
Let the shell decay !
Break the cage, destroy the garment,
I am far away !
"Call not this ray death, I pray you,
'Tis ray life of life !
Goal of all ray weary longings.
End of all ray strife.
Think of God with love forever ;
Know his name is love I
Come to Him, distrust Him never;
He rewards above.
"I behold each dauntless spirit.
All your ways I view ;
Lo, the portion I inherit
Is reserved for you."
Bear in mind that you should seek first (not
last) the kingdom of God and his righteousness.
For "The Friend."
A LESSON FROM THE W^EEDS.
JOHN MAK.SH I'irr.
What constitutes a weed ? 'Tis surely not
Its commonness or insignificance,
Its being sown by nature, growing wild.
Unsung, uncared for and unvisited
(Except by insects, such as know its worth).
These qualities, though paradoxical,
Are those which prove its great pre-eminence
.\nd warrant its survival, these avow
That 'lis a child of God, much more indeed
Than all the fiail monstrosities of man.
No I human arrogance : a weed's a Uciwer
Unfitted to its sphere ; perchance a gem
Considered in itself, but in the way
Or out of harmony with other flowers :
Indeed, what beauty can exist apart
From fitness, system and utility ?
Throughout all Nature nothing can be found
Which could be designated beautiful
Unless with purpose linkeil ; no organ, part,
Or panicle, which either is not now
Or never was of service to the race.
No plume is but for show, though many parts
Are useful, spile of " uglinesi." This is
Because that man has not vet learnt to admire
The commonplace and ordinary thing.
True Beauty lurks in everything around.
But lacks the kind, appreciative eye,
'Tis artificial man who breaks the spell.
Who sets up standards false to judge things by :
In dress and language and in countless acts
His whims subserve no end ; though passing smart
He helps not on the chariot of God :
His organs function not ; he is a weed —
Yea rubbish " matter out of place,"
A hindrance to the progress of the world.
Despise not then the insignificant,
The humble creature, or the person hid —
True beauty quietly lies where least perceived —
If they perform their little part aright
They shine, deserving of our greatest praise.
Viceroy Li and Christian Missions in China.
BT ISAAC PiCARSOX.
The central figure in China is Viceroy Li
Hung Chang. He has by far excelled all others
now upon the stage of aciion in great services
to the State, and he has won for himself the
enviable reputation of continuous success in
war, and far-reaching statesmanship in peace.
He sought to avoid war with Japan, and for so
doing was partially deposed from office and
houors during its continuance ; and so the very
defeat of the Chinese armies turned out to his
credit. When the war had run its course no
other statesman was equal to the task of mak-
ing peace with the conquerors, and so he was
restored to all his former dignities and emolu-
ments. His name has been associated with all
the modern enterprises that have advanced
China in material well being. The Imperial
Telegraph, the China Merchants' Steamship
Company, and the railroads that are creeping
into the country, and arsenals and forts by land,
and gunboats by sea, and Anglo-Chinese schools
in several places, all owe much to his skilful
leading and his patriotic determination.
Among these varied interests and activities
there is one which our people know but little
about, and that is his relation to missionary en-
terprise.
Li is a Confucian and thoroughly imbued
with all the teachings of the Chinese sages; but
he has come into peculiar contact with Chris-
tianity, and by that contact he has come to
know and ackuowledgethepower of Christianity
for good to his people. Prior to 1879 the Vice-
roy had looked upon Christianity as something
outside of himself and having no relation to
any private interests of his.
In the fall of 1878, or in the early spring of
1879, a missionary physician, named J. Kennith
62
THE FRIEND.
Ninth Mo. 12, 1896.
Mackenzie, came from Hankow on the Yang-
tzu River, to reside at Tientsin. There was no
established medical work awaiting him, but
there was a great field in which to inaugurate
such a work. He was a member of the London
Mission, and, according to the established custom
of that societ}', any medical work which he might
undertake must be at the expense of other par-
ties than the mission. Dr. Mackenzie desired
to establish a free dispensary, hoping in time to
develop it into a hospital with the full swing of
an earnest and useful medical work.
To make a beginning a subscription paper
was drawn up, and our then Vice Consul, Wni.
E. Pethick, entering heartily into the plan, un-
dertook to secure from the Viceroy the first
contribution. A letter was written on elegant
red paper with proper care for titles and com-
pliments, and W. Pethick, being on intimate
relations with the Viceroy, presented it in per-
son. The Viceroy received it with courtesy,
and, having no knowledge of " Western medical
science," or the good it promised to his people,
quietly pigeon-holed it.
Many weeks went by and no reply came from
the Viceroy, and the hope of recognition or
help from him began to be at an end. But at
midsummer a crisis came. Lady Li was taken
seriously sick, and, despite the best medical aid
of all the native doctors in Tientsin, she grew
daily worse. One day it happened that a sec-
retary of the British Legation called upon Li
at his yamen, and, having completed his busi-
ness with him, he asked the meaning of the
many sedan chairs iu and about the reception
court. He was informed that Lady Li was lying
very low and likely to die, and that many of his
friends (all high oflBcials), were calling that day
to express to him their sympathy in his ex-
pected bereavement. The secretary joined in
sympathy, but, in Christian fashion, asked care-
fully if all had been done to relieve and save
her. The Viceroy replied that she had been
treated by all the noted physicians of Tientsin
and taken a dose of his most efficient medicine
at the hand of each, but with no avail ; and
that now a long list of medicines was being re-
peated, and she only grew worse. "And is there
no hope?" the secretary asked. " None at all,"
replied the Viceroy ; " all has been done that
can be done. She must die." The secretary
answered : " And have you tried the foreign
doctors? If the native doctors can give no
hope, and she is sure to die, you can lose noth-
ing by trying them, and who knows but they
may bring her help." The argument was sound,
and the long delayed petition came to mind.
Dr. Mackenzie's office was two or three miles
distant, and a quick rider was dispatched with
message and extra horses. Dr. Mackenzie being
out of his office at the time the messenger
brought Dr. Irwin, the popular physician of the
foreign community ; but ere he reached the ya-
men Dr. Mackenzie overtook him.
The two doctors quickly discovered the na-
ture of the disease, and applied remedies to
abate the immediate trouble ; and at their sug-
gestion a fleet courier was soon despatched for
Peking, eighty miles northward. He bore re-
quest from the Viceroy to Miss Howard, M. D.
(now Mrs. King), of the American Methodist
Mission. His steam yacht met her half way
between Peking and Tientsin, and in two days
she was at the bedside of Lady Li and able to
give her the needed treatment. The result was,
her life was spared for many years, and a strong
and lasting attachment was established between
Lady Li and her deliverer.
Those days were memorable days at the great
yamen. Each day, by invitation, the two doc-
tors visited it and consulted with Dr. Howard,
who had taken up her residence with Lady Li
and dispensed medical and surgical treatment
to the many suflerers who were admitted to the
yamen and treated in the presence of the Vice-
roy. One day a chair carrier was brought in
who had a heavy tumor upon his neck, larger
than his head. Under anesthetics the man slept
and the tumor was removed. This capjied the
climax. The yamen was full of guests, great
and small, and the ladies and their attendants
and their guests occupied a portion of the court.
All gazed in astonishment at the wonderful
sight, and the Viceroy with unbounded en-
thusiasm acted as chief attendant with sponges
and water.
Next day commissions were issued and pre-
sented to the two gentlemen, and I think also
to the lady physician, to become physicians to
the Viceroy's family and attendants.
Dr. Mackenzie accepted the responsibility
but declined the financial reward, while he re-
newed his request for help in establishing his
dispensary and hospital. Thus the long-sought
door was flung wide open. The Viceroy entered
heartily into the project. He set apart a j'ard
and many rooms in the chief Temple of Tientsin.
He appointed attendants and an officer of rank
to assist the doctor. He bade the latter buy
whatever medicines and instruments he needed,
and with his own hand wrote a great procla-
mation, as large as a door, to be posted at the
gate of the temple, informing the multitude that
they might come to be healed of every disease
and infirmity.
The work thus begun settled down into a
great hospital plant and efficient service for
men and a second hospital for women, with the
Viceroy as the chief patron of the one, and
Lady Li as that of the other.
The influence of this work, continued now for
seventeen years, and the known sympathy of the
great Viceroy have been far-reaching through-
out North China, and have been a very im-
portant factor in bringing all the work of Prot-
estant missions into repute with the highest of-
ficials of the Empire.
THE FRIEND.
NINTH MONTH 12, 1896.
In the columns of The Friexd more than
twenty years ago, our late valued friend. Dr.
Charles Evans, published an article on the
condition of things in the Society of Friends,
which it may be profitable to reproduce at this
time.
After speaking of some of the evidences of
declension which had taken place among our
people, he says :
" Most of the views alluded to as recently
inculcated in the Society, are similar to those
held by many of the religious denominations,
when Friends first came forth. Friends then
declared that they, and the religion to which
they belong, were outward and unscriptural ;
that they stopped short of the requirements of
the Gospel, which is not the mere record of the
blessed truths in the New Testament, but ' the
power of God unto salvation' itself, and that
not insisting on ' the washing of regeneration'
by the baptism of the ' Holy Ghost and fire,'
they left the man of sin in possession of his
goods in the heart.
"Can their dissemination and adoption have
any other effect than to lead our own members
back to many of the same things Friends were
raised up to witness against, to the outer court
of the temple, whence they were commanded to
depart ? Look at the effects already developed.
In many places our meeting-houses are thrown
open for ministers of other religious societies to
promulgate the opinions they hold. Silent
meetings are declared to be unsuited for mixed
assemblies, and reading the Scriptures is intro-
duced into meetings for worship, and music into
' Sabbath schools.' Missionaries are sent out
under the authority of associations of our mem-
bers, and who stand in distant lands as repre-
sentatives of Friends, some of whom have no
scruples against participating with other* ia
bread and wine as the Lord's supper, or in giv-
ing out hymns to be sung by a mixed assembly.
Some resort to the rite of water baptism, and
are held up as examples of Christian attain-
ment, while others approve the use of other
outward elements, as giving spiritual benefit.
Members occupy the position of ministers and
travel abroad, accredited by meetings, who give
no evidence of being Friends by their language,
dress or manners, and who occasionally join
with ministers of other denominations in re-
ligious exercises. In England the testimony
against tithes — for which the early Friends suf-
fered so much, some of them even unto death — ;
is very much given up. With the language and
manners of the world, its changeable fashions
and dissipating amusements are largely intro-
duced among our members, even among those
who occupy conspicuous stations; and in many
places the assimilation with other professors
has left but few distinctive characteristics of
Friends.
" We are not impugning the sincerity or the
desire to do good, of those within the Society
who are teaching and acting as we have indi-
cated. They may be teaching, so far as they
know, and acting in accordance with the re-
ligious understanding to which they have at-
tained, and to their own master they must stand
or fall. But there are many of their fellow-
members who, esteeming the doctrines and tes-
timonies of the Gospel as set forth by the
founders of the Society, to be unchangeable and
beyond all price ; believe that those who have in-
troduced, and those who sanction these changes,
are not Friends in the long-known sense of
that appellation ; that they and their influence
are subverting the faith of Friends and the
cause Friends are bound to support. They,
therefore, cannot acknowledge their labors noi
give them, while thus doing, the right hand of
fellowship.
"The reiterated assertion that those mem-
bers who speak disparagingly of the ' peculiari
ties' of Friends, have got deeper than that stat«
which requires their observance, and are toe
busy spreading the Gospel net to pay attentior
to such small matters; the glowing accouuti
given of the extraordinary evidence of ' th(
demonstration of the Spirit and of power, at
tending the preaching of that class of minister.-
suggestively described by one of their admirers
in a laudatory published letter, as ' emancipatec
from the dominion of red tape;' the narrative;
of the large numbers who, under the contagioui
excitement produced in protracted meetings
and the urgent solicitation of speakers, raaki
nublic confession of ' having found Jesus,' anc
who are then considered ' converted,' all forci
the consideration on those who love and adhen
to old-fashioned Quakerism and are longing fo
ih Mo. 12, 189G.
THE FRIEND.
63
Is spread, of what is the prevailing type of the
evival said to be going on in the Society ?
rhey are fully aware that love of the world
nd unwillingness to wear the yoke of Chri.-t,
lave for years produced coldness, indifference
nd deadness amorg very many of its mem-
bers ; and they are waiting and hoping to see
he i^ame blessed, all-powerful means— attention
indubediencetothe Light of Christ in the soul —
'vhich convinced the (arly Friends and gath-
ered them into a Society, bringing forth the
:ame blessed fruits. They look to see whether
he promulgators of, and the converts to, this
'nodern Quakerism, are led in the same way as
,vere those who have heretofore been brought
iinder ' convincement' and ' conversion.' Do
he converts now, as formerly, under the godly
lorrow accompanying repentance and condemna-
ion tor past sins, put their mouths in the dust?
If so be, theie may be hope. Do they sit alone
ind keep silence because they are learning to
Dear the yoke upon them? Is there manifested
x humble, self renouncing, teachable frame, an
operative faith in Christ, not onlyasHe wrought
for man's redemption, when in the flesh, bufas
He appears the second time to the soul, to purge
t from the power of sin and perfect the work
if salvation ? And are they thus made willing
!;o become fools for his sake, and to show to all
ground them by their garb, their language, their
renunciation of the world, that they are true
Friends, not ashamed of their religion ar.d its
requisitions ? They think answers are given in
'he increase of departures fnm the primitive
faith and practice of which we have spc ken ;
^nd the rapid approach to the standard of other
[professors saddens their hearts with fear that
ihe Society may be swept altogether from its
imoorings.
" We need not shut our eyes, then, to the con-
Wariety in belief and its results, existing in the
Society ; the consequent lack of unity and har-
mony among the members, and the failure,
more or less apparent or felt, in the objects for
'which they were originally, and ought still to
be associated together as a body of Christian
"believers— building each other up on the most
holy faith, and advancing the spiritual govern-
ment of the crucified Redeemer, by lives con-
sistent with the straight and narrow way He
opened and trod for his disciples. It is vain to
'suppose that these deplorable evils can be eradi
cated or smoothed over by the Society sanc-
tioning the system of comprehemiveness advo
cated by some. However such a compact may
suit a national or " broad" church," which em-
braces every shade of belief, from " high church
ritualism" to bald unitarianism, or however
'successfully it may exist in civil or political
communities, where the heterogeneous elements
are kept together and in their respective places
'by force of law, it is opposed to, and would be
subversive of, the constitutional principles of
the Society of Friends, and would hardly be
broached, except in times of defection and by
those who are willing to say, ' We will eat our
own bread and wear our own apparel, only let
us be called by thy name to take away our re-
proach.'
"Truth is not a mere matter of opinion, nor
are the doctrines of the Gospel uncertain or
undefined. To prevent the Society from en-
tirely deserting the advanced position assigned
it by the Head of the Church, there must be a
limit to its members' right to promulgate what-
ever opinions they may choose and to make
whatever changes in practice may suit their
modified Quakerism. Unless this is insisted
on, diversity of religious opinion and disunity
n feeling will go on increasing ; for we believe
there still are, and will continue to be, very
many who will not allow these novelties in the
Society to supplant their belief in and love for
its ancient faith and usages. These cannot but
continue their testimony against the religion of
sentiment and excitement which, in their view,
is undermining that, which ought to be main-
tained by the Society and experienced by its
members individually. They cannot harmonize
with others, however bold or popular, who seem
bent on reasoning away any requisitions of
duty in what they deem "small things;" on
discarding the belief that obedience in these is
essential to greater attainments, and on leading
our members to suppose they are true believers
in Christ, justifjed by his blood and saved by
his imputed righteousness, because ihey confess
acceptance of the truths recorded in the Holy
Scriptures, though they may give no evidence
of having been washed, sanctified and justified
in the name (or power) of the Lord Jesus and
by the spirit of our God. This testimony must
be maintained, not by public affidavits, but by
patient continuance in welldoing, by prayer
and supplication to Him who watcheth over
his Church by night and by day, and by advo-
cating truth and pointing out error in the meek-
ness of wisdom. Notwithstanding the changed
and degenerate condition of the Society, we be-
lieve the Lord is waiting to do it good ; that
He remembers the kindness of her youth, the
love of her espousals, when she went after him
in the wilderness, in a land that was not sown ;
when she was holiness unto the Lord and the
first fruits of his increase ; and that He will, in
his own time, 'Turn to the people a pure lan-
guage, that they may call upon the name of
the Lord, to serve Him with one consent.' May
He hasten the day !' "
Slavery in Zanzibar. — In the account published
in the London Friend of London Mteting for Suf-
t'eriDgs. it is stated that the British Government
seem thoroughly in earnest in the intention of lib-
erating the slaves in Zanzibar and Peniba on the
east coast of Africa. There are eighty-seven thous-
and slaves on the island of Pemba, and it was felt
that there was an urgent need for some large-
hearted, capable persons to go there and help the
people when set free. After some discussion the
Anti-Slavery Committee was encouraged to bring
to a future meeting, suggestions of a more definite
character as to the practical steps to be taken.
— From observations made by*Hugh D. Vail, of
Santa Barbara, California, it appears that the mean
temperature of that place during the Sixth Month
was 64.-3°. The highest temperature during the
month was 89°, and the lowest 47°. There was no
regular rainfall, but the precipitation from two or
three heavy fogs or mist measured about 0.05 in.
The average rainfall in the Sixth Month, in
twenty-eight vears is 0.10 inches, and the extre i es
1.(34 inches in 1884, and none in nineteen different
years. During the month there were twenty-three
"clear days, two fair and five cloudy. The prevail-
ing wind was east and the total movement during
the month 3,192 miles, or about 4.4 miles an hour.
have a sense of Truth upon their sjjirits as well
as myself, and if their sentiment does not ac-
cord with mine, it is then for me to retire and
fear before the Lord least I have made a mis-
take."
" The meek will He guide in judgment, and
the meek will He teach his way."
J. S. F.
West Chester, Pa., Eighth Munth 7th, '96.
Having met with the following observations
on Meetings for Discipline, I felt a desire that
they might have a place in the columns of The
Friend if thought proper.
Isaac Penington, in speaking in reference to
giving his sentiment in meetings of this kind,
makes the following remarks: " When I have
given my sentiment on a subject before the
meeting, I must remember that other Friends
SUMMARY OK EVENTS.
United States.— Dr. Theodore Earth, leader of the
Liberal Party in the Geriuan Reichstag, arrived in
New York on the 2iid inst. He has eoiue to study the
piilitical condilions in this country. He says, " I re-
gard the attempt at bimelalism by any single nation
as absolutely impracticable, and I doubt if all the
great commercial nations together could succeed."
Viceroy Li Hung Chang, the Special Ambassador
of the Emperor of China, spent six hours in J'hila-
delphia on the 3rd inst. He was met at Germantown
Jimction by the Mayor and a reception committee.
Li Hung Chang said, before leaving New York, "I
have no complaint to make of my reception in this
country. I don't think I could say anything very bad
of yon, unless it were that you have too many politi-
cal parties."
Returns from the Vermont election, held on the Ist
inst., indicate a Republican plurality of 38,000 for the
State ticket.
The election in Arkansas on the 7th inst. resulted
in a majority for the Democratic ticket of about
55,000.
The Sound Money Democratic Convention at In-
dianapolis on the 3rd inst., nominated Senator John
M. Palmer, of Illinois, for President, and General
Simon B. Buckner, of Kentucky, for Vice President.
Senator Palmer was nominated on the tirst ballot and
General Buckner was nominated bv acclamation Tl>«
platform adopted do«<..."«. tlje n-ee coinage of silver
Olid tJemands the maintenance of the gold standard.
It is reported that a white whale was seen recently
in Long Island Sound. This animal is rarely found
outside the .\rctic regions.
Eastern Texas has within a year set up an import-
ant trade in timber with South Africa. This long-
range trade is the outcome of the improvemeot of the
Sabine Pass, a water-way that the United Stales engi-
neers have been dredging for years. When the limber
agents of Mobile, Pensacola and other Gulf p. rls dis-
covered ihe possibilities of the limber trade through
Sabine Pass they began to make contracts for timber
in southeastern Texas and to ship the product to
Soulh Africa, where the activities of a rapidly grow-
ing population in a region almost bare of trees created
a demand for limber. The limber belt of Texas is a
region of about 30,000 square miles. The timber is
transported partly by water, being floated down the
streams, and partly by rail.
There is conclusive evidence within the past half
century that several of our great mouniains in the
northwestern part of the country, formed as they
were by the piling up of volcanic matter, cannot be
numbered yet among the wholly extinct volcanoes.
North of Mount Hood, in the State of Washinglon,
are the great peaks of Baker, Ranier and St. Helena,
all of them very mildly active. Several eruplions of
Mount Baker are recorded, notably that of l(S53,when
streams of lava covered the we.'^tern slopes. St. Helena
has often clouded the skies of Washington with dry,
volcanic ashes, but it is otherwise quiet and peaceable.
This mountain, however, has in recent years given
more signs of a lillle activity than any of the others.
.Mount Rainier (it is thus called in all the Govern-
ment publications, though the residents of Tacoma
insist that Tacoma is its proper name) sometimes emits
steam and smoke from its great crater.
Superintendent Linden, of this city, said last First-
day that .tpeak-easies were springing up like daisies
throughout the small streets up town, in the mill dis-
trict, owing to the shutting down of the mills, and the
consequent hard times, and that his work, therefore,
had been greatly increased. He was insisting on hav-
ing the names of the brewers and bottlers which were
found on the vessels captured in the police raids put
on memoranda, for future reference when the License
Court reconvened. He said he hoped that the Legis-
lature would take some action lo amend the law so
that persons who made a business of " slocking up" the
speak-easies would be reached, but at present they can-
not be.
64
THE FRIEND.
Deaths in this city last week numbered 362, which
is 6 more than the previous week and 7 more than the
corresponding week of 1S95. Of the whole number
192 were males and 170 females: 44 died of consump-
tion; 33 of marasmus ; 22 of cholera infantum; 22 of
heart disease; 19 of old age; 15 from casualties ; 14 of
pneumonia; 14 of inflammation of the stomach and
bowels; 13 of diphtheria; 11 of apoplexy; 10 of can-
cer; 10 of inflammation of the brain ; 10 of inanition ;
10 of nephritis, and 9 of convulsions.
Markets, Ac— U. S. 2's, 92 a 94; 4's, reg., 105J a
106^; coupon, 106J a 107i; 4's, new, 115J a 116i;
5's, 110} a 111 ; currency 6's, 100 a 105.
Cotton. — -Prices ruled steady on a basis of 8Jc. per
pound for middling uplands.
Feed.— Winter bran in bulk, quoted $9.00 a ?10.00,
and spring do., in sacks, at $9.00 a $9.75 per ton.
Flour. — Winter super, $1.90 a $2.15; do., extras,
$2.15 a $2.30 ; Pennsylvania roller, clear, $2.75 a $3.00 ;
do., do., straight, $3.00 a $3.25 ; Western winter, clear,
$2.75 a $3.00; do., do., straight, $3.00 a $3.25; do.,
do., patent, $3.35 a $3.55 : spring, clear, $2.50 a $2.75 ;
do., straight, $3.00 a $3.25 ; do., patent, $3.35 a $3.55 ;
do., favorite brands, higher. City mills, extra, $2.00
a $2.25 ; do., clear, $2.75 a $3.00 : do., straight, $3.00
a $3.25 ; do., patent, $3.40 a $3.75. Rye FiouR.—
$2.40 per barrel for choice Pennsylvania.
Grain.— No. 2 red wheat, 60 a 60Jc.
No. 2 mixed corn, 25 a 25^c.
No. 2 white oats, 23} a 24Jc.
Beef Cattle. — Extra, 4| a 5 ; good, 4| a 4f c;
medium, 4 a 4]c.; common, Z\ a 3fc.
Sheep and Lambs. — Extra, 4c.; good, 3J a 3|c.; me-
dium, 3 a 3ic.; common, 2i a 2^0.; culls, 1 a 2Jc.;
lam lis, 3 a bU\
Hoos. — Western, 5J^ a 5Jc. ; State, 5 a 5Jc.
Foreign. — Queen Victoria has signified her wil-
lingness 10 receive a petition protesting against the
traffic in opium and spirituous liquors, to which docu-
ment are appended 7,000,000 signatures. The names
were collected by the Women's Christian Temperance
tinion. Frances E. Willard, President of the World's
Women's Christian To^por^nou Union, and Lady
Henry Someiset, President of the British Woiiic..'o
Christim Temperance Association, heading the list.
No death warrant has been signed by a sovereign of
Great Britain during the la.st 150 years.
As a result of the establishment of creameries in
Ireland, one railway company alone has carried to
Cork and Dublin for export nearly a thousand tons
more butter during the past six months.
Ireland has had a year of unexampled prosperity,
if the deposits in the banks are any indication, the in-
crease in those in joint stock banks being over $6,-
000,000, and in savings banks also over $6,000,000.
The traffic receipts on the Irish railroads, too, were
the largest on record.
It is estimated that the Egyptian cotton crop will
amount to 570,000,000 pounds ; the largsst ever raised.
The conferences between the Kai ser and the Czar
at Breslau are now reported to have taken the char-
acter of initiating a new concert of the Powers which
is to have a bearing upon future even (s in Turkey. It
is said to be well understood that family influences
upon the Czar at Copenh.agen and similar influences
upon the Kaiser at IJalmoral have become insistent
beyond precedent in favor of an efi'ective stoppage of
the horrors in Turkey, and these influences nay have
determined the two Emperors upon the course it is
now proposed to pursue.
The Porte has replied t.> the collective note from
the Ambassies regarding the Armenian question. The
Government throws all the blame for the recent riot-
ing upon the Armenians, whose misdeeds are fully re-
cited. The embassies have declined to discuss the
reply.
Clara Barton, Pre-ident of the American Red Cross
Society, with her party of aides, sailed for New York
on board the Cunard Line steamer Uinbiia on the 5th
instant.
The Chinese Government is disposed to agree to
Lord Salisbury's proposition, that in exchange for the
increase of tarifl' by China that Government shall
concede the abolition of transit dues and permit free
trade within the Empire.
A despatch dated the 3d instant from Yokohama,
s.iys : " Reports have been received here that a great
earthquake ravaged the northeast province.^ of Japan
on Monday night, destroying the town of Rokugo and
other towns in that section. Thousands of persons are
reported to have been killed and many more injured,
while the damage to property is incalculable. On the
same day of the earthquake in the north of Japan, the
southern coasts of the country were swept by a ty-
phoon, which destroyed a vast amount of property
and caused the loss of many lives."
Herren Sarasin have recently explored the southeast
arm of the island of Celebes, in the Moluccas, and have
discovered there two large lakes, Matanna and Towuti,
at a height of 490 and 350 metres respectively above
sea level. In the former a sounding of 480 metres was
made without finding bottom. Remains of a pre-historic
village built on piles, but now submerged, were dis-
covered, the bronze and pottery found being very like
that obtained in similai- villages in Europe.
The Mexican Government has amended its patent
law so that an inventor, in order to keep a patent in
his possession, has to p.iy a tax of $50 for the first five
years, $75 for the second five years and $100 for the
third. Mexico does not believe in encouraging inven-
tion.
A submarine mountain range has been discovered in
the southern part of Davis Strait by the Danish steamer
Ingolf, which has been carrying on deep-sea explora-
tions on the Iceland and Greenland coasts for the past
RECEIPTS.
Unless otherwise specified, two dollars have been re-
ceived from each person, paying for vol. 70.
Anna Spencer, Gtn.; K. L. Roberts, N. J.; Benlah
Palmer and for T. C. Palmer, Pa.; Edwin Fogg, O.; J.
Newbold Reeve, N. J.; H. Mary S. Taylor, Pa.; Sallie
A. Armor, Del.; John S. Fowler, Agent, Pa., $34 for
Mary E. Forsythe, vol. 6:1, Marshall Fell, Isaac Evans,
Sybilla Starr Cope, Jesse H. Garrett, Joshua R.
Howell, Joseph E. Hoope*, J. Edwin James, J. Jones
McFadgen, Eva H. Kerr, George B. Mellor, Edith S.
Cheyney, Albert P. Hall, George Rhoads, Anna M.
Thomas, Sidney Temple and Mary E. Webb, to No.
13, vol. 71 ; Ch"arles Ballinger and Mark B. Wills, N.
J., per Samuel L. Moore ; Hannah E. Sheppard, Phila.;
Benj. Pickett, Kans., $4, vols. 69 and 70 ; G. W. Mott,
Agent, la., for Joseph Armstrong; Rowland J. Dut-
ton, N. J,; John W. Hilyard. N. J.; Mary H. Gris-
com, Phila., and for Ann Harmer, N. J.; William
Evans, N. .L; Homer Child, la.; Matilda M. Johns,
la.: Sarah B. DeCou, N. J.; James Edgerton for Jos.
Gibhons, O.; Wni B. Hockett, Agent, for Jesse D.
Hockett, N. C; Wm. C. Allen, N. J.; Charles B. Dick-
inson, N. J.; T. K. Wilbur, Agent, Mass., for John
Smilhson Wright, to No. 39, vol. 70; Parker Hall,
Agent, O., $8 for Richard Ashton, Josiah Hall, Beulah
Thomas and Ellwood D. Whinery ; Jorgen Enge, la.;
Lenh J. Paxson, la; E. H. Richie, N. J.; Charles
DeCou, N. J.; Levi I. Hoopes, Pa.; J. Albin Thorp,
Pa.; Thomas H. Whitson, Pa.; Morris Linton, N. J.;
Edwin James and for John M. James and Edwin S.
J.imes, Pa.; Ole T. Sawyer, la., $12 for himself, John
Knudson, Iver Olson, Sigbjorn T. Rosdale Malinda
Thompson and Anna T. Tostenson.
B^Bemiitavces received after Third-diy evening will
not appear in the Receipts until the following week.
NOTICES.
Friends' Select School will re-npen Ninth Mo.
21st. The Superintendent will be at his office to re-
ceive applications or to confer with patrons each day
during the two weeks preceding the opening, from ten
until one o'clock. For information by mail address
J. Henry Bartlett, Sup't,
140 N. Sixteenth St,
Haddonfield Quarterly Meeting is held al
Mfdford on the 17lh instant. Friends from Phila
delphia may take the 8.30 A. M. train from foot of
Market Street to Mount Holly, from which point a
special car will be run to Medford in time to reach
the meeling-house before 10 o'clock. Returning from
Medford at 4.30 p. M. to Mount Holly, connect with
train west, arriving in Philadelphia at 5.50 P. Jl.
Through tickets for Medlord and return may he pro-
cured at Station foot of Market Street, specifying via
Mount IIollv.
A meeting appointed by Concord Quarterly Meet-
mg for our yoimg Friends will be held at Malvern on
Third -day, the fifteenth of N inth Month, at 11 o'clock.
Reduced rates to Ohio Yearly Meeting, via Balti-
more and Ohio Railroad. Friends desiring to attend
Ohio Yearly Meeting can go and return for one fare
and a third, or $15.47. Tickets sold from Ninth
Month 11th to Ninth Month 30th, inclusive, and will
be good until Tenth Month 15th, 1896, inclusive. For
tickets call at 8.33 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, Pa.
For further information call or address
Thomas C. Hooue,
West Chester, Pa.
Died, at her home in Barnesville, Ohio, on the
twenty-seventh of Fourth Month, 1896, Abigail Sco-
FlELD, wife of Jonathan T. Scofield, in the 75th year of
her age. She was a member of Stillwater Monthly
and Barnesville Preparative Meeting. A faithful,
true wife for more than forty-seven yeirs. ail a lov-
ing, careful mother. She has gone to her reward. She
was of a generous and 1 ospitable disposition, ever
ready as she was able to relieve the needy and dis-
tressed. From the beginning of her decline, near
three months before her death, she preferred retire-
ment, and sometimes spoke of earnestly interceding
with her Saviour for ability and patience to endure .
whatever might come upon her. The calm, sweet
composure and resignation with which she awaited
the final summons was comforting evidence to those
about her of a peaceful close, and we humbly trust
that, through redeeming love and mercy, she is num-
bered with the ransomed and redeemed.
, at her residence, near SpringviUe, Linn Co,
Iowa, on the twentieth of Seventh Month, 1896, HuL-
dau Hoag, in the seventy-eighth year of her age, a
member and minister of West Branch Monthly and
Particular Meeting of Conservative Friends, having
been acknowledged a minister when about her thirty-
seventh year. She bore a lingering illness with great
patience, often expressing a desire that it might be
shown her if anything remained to hinder a peaceful
close. She was firmly attached to the principles of
Friends, as upheld and promulgated by the founders
of our Society, bearing a faithful testimony against
those who, in the modern innovations, denied the
" Inner Light," as well as those who, upon the oppo-
site exireme, set at naught the divinity of Christ and
the efficacy of his Atonement, saying, a few days be-
fore her de.-ith, that it would be awful to die in such a
faith. Her friends and relatives have the comforting
hope that, through redeeming love and mercy, she
has been gathered with the just of all generations.
, in North Dartmouth, Mass, Eighth Month
9th, 1896, Elizabeth H. Eddy', widow of George ^L
Eddy and daughter of the late Seth and Mary Davis,
in the seventy-seventh year of her age. A valued
niemher and elder of Dartmouth Monthly Meeting of
Friends. This dear Friend, through life, both by pre-
cept an 1 example, endeavored to uphold and main-
tain the principles and testimonies of the Society in
which she was educated by watchful and zealous par-
ents, and which, in riper years, she embraced by con-
vincement. She did not deem these principles of
such trivial importance that they could be laid aside
to find an easier way into the kingdom, but by an up-
right and consistent daily walk, she sought to hold
them as a sacred trust. Faithful in the attendance of
meetings when in health, and being endowed witl
mind of unusual force and clearness, and being con-
cerned for the right ordering of the affairs of the
Church, she was very serviceable in Meetings for Dis-
cipline, and acceptably served the Yearly Meeting as
Clerk upon several occasions. A faithful and devoted
wife and mother, she endured the sad bereavement
by death of Hve of her seven children without n
muring, hut, with patience and Christian composure,
submitted to her Heavenly Father's will. The last
years of her life she was, through ill health, unable to
be much from home, and for a few months before her
decease, on account of a stroke of paralysis, she was-
able to converse but little with her friends. Still her
pleasant and animateil countenance gave evidence that-
their visits were always welcome. Thus, having en-
deavored in a good degree to fulfil the various duties
in her family and in the Society of which she was a,
member, and to keep a conscience void of ofl^ence to-
ward God and toward men, her friimds have the com-
forting assurance that she has found a place of peaceful
rest in one of those heavenly mansions which Christ
hath prepared for them that love Him.
, on the eleventh of Eighth Month, 1896, at
her home in Philadelphia, Lydia A. Geiger, widow
of Kenzie Geiger, aged seventy two years. .A mem-
ber of the Monthly Meeting of Friends of Philadel-
phia for the Northern District. This dear Friend was
enabled to bear a protracted and sufl'ering illness with
great patience and fortitude. "To him that over-
cometh will 1 give to eat of the tree of life, which is
in the midst of the paradise of God."
, Eighth Month 23rd, 1896, at the re-iidence of
his parents, Media, Pa , James Conard Forsythe,
son of Isaac and Sarah G. Forsythe, aged seventeen
months.
WILLIAM H. PILE'S SONS, PRINTERS,
No. 422 Walnut Street.
THE FRIEND.
A Eeligioiis and Literary Journal.
VOL. LXX.
SEVENTH-DAY, NINTH MONTH V.), 1896.
No. 9.
PUBLISHED WEEKLY.
Price, if paid in advance, $2.00 per a
SubscriptionSf payments and business <
received by
Edwin P. Sellew, Publisher,
No. 207 Walnut Place,
(South from Walnut Street, between Third and Fourth,)
PHILADELPHIA.
Articles designed for insertion to be addressed to
JOSEPH WALTON,
MooRESTOWN, Burlington Co., N. J.
Entered as second-class matter at Philadelphia P. O.
)iary and Letters of Deborah Brooks Webb.
(Continued from page 58.)
isr,4.— Fifth Month 14th.— Last Third-day
vas (Quarterly Meeting. Dear A. Williams first
■xpies.-:ed a desire which she felt that we niigiit
lot be fed by any bread but what immediately
proceeds from Jesus.
Soon another woman Friend spoke of our all
lilting on the ground as the multitude did,
.vaiting lowly before Him. Dear P. W. Ruberts
"laid that some of the young would experience
Him to turn the water into wine, if there was an
obeying of his voice. " Whatsoever your Lord
md" Master bids you do, that do."
, David G)pe spoke so feelingly to the young,
that it had been made manifest to us what He
Was requiring at our hands, but in prosperity
;we were apt to think, " Surely He does not re-
quire these hard things of us." He has shown
me what is right, and I do not think Him a
hard Master. Oh, no 1 So merciful to me, so
'gracious and long suffering. Be pleased to
help me, thou to whom belongeth strength !
Y. Warner was recommended (as a minister).
He spoke from the text, " Whosoever shall be
ashamed of me," etc.; also, "He that knew his
'Lord's will, and prepared not himself, neither
did according to his will, shall be beaten with
.many stripes," etc.
T. S. (who dined here) told me that he saw
brother J. a short time since, and was pleased
to meet with him. I am glad if dear, dear
brother would only make a nice Friend. He
is so kind.
. Fifth Month 21st. — Last Fifth-day dear
A. Williams came over to our meeting, and
went with Anne, or she would have felt her
lonely walk. She spoke of the ark. We are
'commanded to build an ark, even to build on
I our Saviour. He would enable us to overcome
: all our spiritual enemies. Rising again shortly
after, she said, " Have I not seen the bow of the
covenant between me and thee."
Dear Jane Trimble was lying very ill. Oh,
that I may walk in the path pointed out to me,
so that the day's work may keep pace with the
day, and that when death comes I may have
nothing to do but to die. I do feel willing to
do all that my Heavenly Father wants me to
do, if He will only grant me strength. Make
me a faithful child of thine, most merciful Sa-
viour. Wash ray sins away in thy blood. Oh,
blot out all my transgressions. Thou hast said,
" Him that cometh unto me I will in no wise
cast out." I thought of it in meeting this morn-
ing and that " the Lord taketh pleasure in
them that fear Him, in those that hope in his
mercy." Be merciful yet longer, I beseech of
thee, and cut me not down like the fruitless
" fig tree."
Monthly Meeting day. Oh, I find I can do
nothing only as I keep close to Him who is
strength. " Thanks be to God, who giveth us
the victory through our Lord Jesus Christ"
was the language uttered by dear friend Gib-
bous this day. She said, " He was strength in
weakness," encouraged us not to think there
were " yet four months, and then cometh har-
vest." We know not that we shall live another
day, much less that we shall live four* months.
There is great need of obeying his leadings.
We have faith to believe that He will enable
us to overcome.
Dear Aunt Mary (Kite) spoke of the deceased
ones, and wanted us all to be doing our work,
that there might be no idlers amongst us.
Sixth Month 4lh.— Oh ! Lord God Almighty
be pleased to enable me to walk in the way of
thy requiring. How I desire to be thankful unto
thee for showing me thy cross again this day,
and not leaving me to wander from thee. Dear
Hannah Rhoads at our meeting today, but
silent.
12th. — Oh, poor miserable me. AVill not my
Heavenly Father come, looking for fruit on the
vine upon which He has bestowed so much
cultivation, and, not finding any, cut it down ?
How I desire to thank thee for letting me see
myself as I am, still a poor sinner, standing out
against obeying thee. Oh, be pleased to forgive
me and wipe my sins away, and I will try to
retire inward and seek strength of thee often,
for I see I cannot do anything myself
Dear friend G. said to-day, " Paul may plant
and ApoUos water, but God giveth the in-
crease." Look inward, not outward. ]Many lose
the good intended, by looking outward instead
of inward. Bow low before Him, come unto
Him as little children, be humble and lowly.
He will strengthen. The Apostle Paul said,
" The good I would do, I do not ; and that which
I would not, that I do. Look inward to the gift
of grace. I came not to call the righteous, but
sinners, to repentance. I have many things to
say unto you, but ye cannot hear them now."
He will strengthen against our soul's enemies.
She supplicated for us to be preserved to have
faith in his all-sustaining arm for those who
have not obeyed, to come, like the prodigal, to
be received ; that we may all be prepared at
last to receive the white robes.
25th. — DearS. Hillmau at our meeting. Called
here last evening, with Martha Wister and Joel
* It was said of our late highly esteemed friend,
Thomas Evans, that, upon his safe arrival at his des-
tination after a journey, it was his practice to return
thanks to his Heavenly Father for his preservation
1 from accidents, etc.
Evans. I felt .-^o glad to see licr. Sweet and
lovely she .seems to be — so sanctified. And the
comfort is that we can all become sanctified and
pure if we seek and obey Him who is all
strength. Oh, I am a poor sin-sick soul. I do
want peace, and it may be I can take to myself
what dear S. said to-day, viz : That there were
some who might feel that their rest had been
broken up, all their pleasant pictures spoiled,
but they wanted peace. These must come unto
the Saviour. "Come unto me, all ye that labor
and are heavy laden, and I will give you rest."
Then they will be able to say, " The Lord is
my Shepherd, and I shall not want." They will
experience ])eace and joy unspeakable. She
upplicated for those to be helped who were
standing inquiring the way; thatour Heavenly
Father would draw us to the dear Saviour, for
no man cometh unto Him, except the Father
draw him. She said He was a God of great
mercies and long suffering. Have I not found
Him so? Oh, Heavenly Father, increase my
knowledge of my dear Saviour, I beseech thee,
and make me obedient. " When the disciples
were assembled for fear of the Jews, He came
and said unto them, ' Peace be unto you.' "
Seventh Month 2nd. — The first part of Month-
ly Jleeting was silent, but dear H. Gibbons said
a little in the second so encouragingly, " As the
hart panteth after the water brooks, so panteth
my soul after thee, oh, God !" We must wait
upon Him inwardly and frequently — wait sol-
emnly upon Him in patience — patiently wait
and quietly hope. As our concern is t(j walk
He would have us. He would direct our ways.
Oh, that thou wouldst direct my ways and lead
me in the path towards everlasting peace. Be
pleased to be with me in this journey, and keep
me in thy fear and in steady obedience to thy
cross.
16th. — Here I am in Woodstown. Had a
silent meeting here to-day. We all went, lock-
ing up the house. It was pleasant to be all to-
gether. I feel discouraged and sad on some
acc(iunts, but this passage has occurred fre-
quently, "Cast thy bread upon the waters, and
it shall be found after many days." Oh, if I
could do any good, but I am so erring myself,
I feel that I love my Saviour. " Because of the
savor of the good ointment, therefore do the
virgins love thee;" "Thy name is as ointment
poured forth." Oh, preserve me. I feel as
though I was walking on a sea of glass. Thou
knowest, oh. Lord, that I am trying to obey
thee ! Oh, help me to walk through this trouble.
Eighth Month 20th.— How glad I am that I
am enabled to get along more peacefully. This
daydear Sarah Hillmau was atour meeting. She
spoke encouragingl}', pressing the necessity of
waiting, patiently waiting, for the appearance
of our Lord inwardly. " Seek and ye shall
find," etc.; " The poor ye have always with you,
but me ye have not always."
To-morrow I start on a journey towards the
East. I do hope to be preserved in this fear,
to be enabled to keep little, low and meek.
While I was riding home from West Chester
66
THE FRIEND.
Ninth Mo. 19,
ia the car, I saw an old man standing with a
sickle in his hand. Immediately thought of the
reaper, Death. It made me feel solemnly for a
while, knowing that my journey would lead me
through cities where the cholera was raging to
some extent. Shortly after I thought, as he was
not using the sickle, I might not expect to be
taken. Then, he was looking for high grass to
cut, and if I kept lowly and humble I might be
saved from the disease.
26th. — This has been a day of favor to me.
When shall I ever overcome? Dear Samuel
Cope at our meeting and spoke, " What lack I
yet?" Oh, I must, and will, in his strength,
try to walk silently and watchfully along in
the cross. Dear H. G. said :
"Renoiinre all strength but .strength Divine,
And peace shall be forever thine."
What a comfort. I wish I could do it. Times
and visitations are not at our command, and
may be, if I do not walk in the cross, which
I feel is right, I shall not be spared to do it
again. " His mercies are new every morning."
Every visitation is like a new morning to us.
Surely his mercies have been very great to me,
so many times told and so many times halting !
Oh, be pleased to cut me not off, but bow my
heart to thee in everything. Create in me a
clean heart, oh, God, and renew a right spirit
within me.
29th. — Dear Phebe Roberts at our Monthly
Meeting. Said, the Lord had brought some one
from a miry place and set their feet upon a rock.
Ah, but this did not feel like my situation. I was
like one not fully given up and resigned to do
all the Lord's will. I wish I could feel meek
and lowly all the time. She dined here. Dear
H. Gibbons spoke to the young, desiring con-
tiicting minds to give up entirely.
Ninth Month 17th. — Dear H. Gibbons spoke.
" The heart of man is deceitful above all things
and desperately wicked." I did think that I
was trying to serve God and waiting upon Him
and giving myself wholly to Him, and these
thoughts were passing through my mind when
she arose and quoted the above text. Am I to
be disappointed. Do I not walk in the cross
somewhat? I do feel discouraged, but if I am
deceiving myself how merciful is my Heavenly
Father to show me my secret sins.
22nd. — Preparative Meeting. Dear H. Gib-
bons spoke, " When Samuel was sent to anoint
one of the sons of Jesse to be King of Israel, he
was commanded not to look upon his counte-
nance, but when the right one passed before
him, he was told, to "arise and anoint him, for
this is he." The text had arisen in her mind,
" Why sayest thou, oh, Jacob, and speakest, oh
Israel. My way is hid from the Lord, and my
judgment is passed over from my God." We
ought to live to the glory of the Lord.
Tenth Month 1st. — Thos. Gould at our meet-
ing, from the smaller body in New England,
He said, " There is nothing saved by the mul-
titude of an host, a mighty man is not delivered
by much strength. A horse is a vain thing for
safety, neither shall he deliver any by his great
atreugth." " Behold the eye of the Lord
upon them that fear Him, upon them that hope
in his mercy." But he felt much weakness.
The Lord's strength is made perfect in weak
ness. If all were engaged to wait upon the true
Minister of the Sanctuary, there would not be
so much need of other ministry. " Hearken
diligently, and not to offer the sacrifice of fools."
Do not I need this : To hearken when I try to
wait upon Him ? Oh, if I wgfe oply to obey, J
should feel his presence with me, I should know
Him, should be able to receive Him into my
heart. Would it not be true joy? Be merciful
yet longer to me, and subdue all the stubborn-
ness in me, I beseech of thee.
Eleventh Month 18th. — We have had silent
meetings for many weeks past.
(To be continued.)
Out of Eden, and Back Again.
The late S. J. May, used to relate that, when
he was quite young, an event occurred which
served to throw a flood of light on the account
in Genesis of at least one of the immediate
consequences of the disobedience of our first
parents, — the shame of sin.
S. J. May had been very carefully and relig-
iously educated. From his earliest recollection
he had been conscientious and truthful. But
one day, when eight or nine years of age, he
saw at a toy-shop a doll which he was sure
would greatly please his younger sister Eliza,
to whom he was greatly attached. Unfortun-
ately, however, he did not possess money enough
to purchase the coveted toy, and while ponder-
ing in his mind how he might gratify his dear
sister and himself, he went with his mother to
spend the afternoon, and to take tea, with
aunt. Going about the house in search of
amusement, he chanced to find, in the chamber
of the maid-servant, just the little sum of money
needed. The temptation was so strong that he
took it, and got away from the house without
detection. Of course, he knew he had done
wrong. His primary motive, to be sure, was
good ; but he was already old enough to know
that it was never lawful to do evil that good
might come.
The next day, after school, he ran to the toy-
shop, purchased the doll, carried it home, and
gave it, somewhat clandestinely, to his sister.
Of course, it soon became kncjwn throughout
the house that Eliza had a new doll, and that
it was given her by her loving brother. But
then, alas! the question arose, how did he ob-
tain it? It was bought at Mrs. 's shop.
Yes, but where did he procure money enough
to pay for it? He had not thought far enough
to anticipate these difficulties. He had found
it, or somebody had presented it to him. In
some way he managed to extemporize answers
that satisfied the first inquiries for the moment.
But he soon found himself involved in the
necessity of inventing yet other falsehoods to
conceal the first ; so true is it that one false step
k-ads on to another. The boy's predicament
was a new one, and his perplexity was increas-
ingly distressing. It is always so much easier
to get into trouble than to get out. Meantime,
as much as possible he avoided the members of
the family, especially his parents. Their eyes
seemed to penetrate and read his guilty secret.
His soul seemed naked before them, and he be-
gan to be overwhelmed with shame. When
alone he was scarcely more at ease. An all-see-
ing Eye seemed to pursue him. Nothing amused
him, nothing beguiled him of himself.
n shone but film,
)ve in vain to be g.iy."
Even music, of which he was very fond, failed
to quiet him. All about him was changed. The
usually pleasant parlor was dreary, and the
home itself a doleful place.
"Sweet birds, sweet prospects, and sweet fiower<s.
Had lost all their sweetness for him."
Alas ! he was out of Eden. He had sinned, and
his expulsion from the garden of delights fol-
lpwp4;
'The midsiiinr
And the flowe
This misery, however, could not always be
endured. Somehow a way out of it must be
found. Any punishment was preferable to the
torture of these wretched days and sleepless
nights. He realized that the short and only
direct way out of his trouble was through a
hearty confession of his fault. After a few days,
he summoned up the courage necessary to goto
his parents and make a clean breast of the
whole matter, confessing his sin and telling the
whole truth. Sadly shocked and grieved al
what they heard, the latter yet, while fully ex-
posing the wickedness, and pointing out to him
all the evils of a thievish disposition and of the
habit of untruthfulness, made haste tenderly to
commiserate their child in his sorrow and shatne,
and to express their great gratification that his
was a conscience too tender and sensitive and
too well instructed to admit of his long carry-
ing such a burden of guilt, and that of his own
accord he had come to them and confessed his
wrong doing. Money was now furnished him
at once with which to restore the maid-serva
what he had so wrongfully taken from her. He
also explicitly confessed to her his fault, and
humbly implored forgiveness. Doubtless the
boy also confessed his sin to his Maker, and ob-
tained full pardon at his hand.
Meantime the reader needs not to be informed
that, once all this had been done, our young
friend experienced a mighty sense of relief, felt
like a new creature. Never before had sung
the birds so sweetly, or shone the sun so bright-
ly. He was encompassrd with a new heave
and a new earth. Conscience approved. The
Lord had lifted upon him the light of his re-
conciled countenance. His lost Paradise was
regained, and it was full of incense, melody and
joy. — R. H. Howard in S. S. Times.
" The Pace that Kills ;" " Too Late." '!
—The Ram's Horn of Fifth and Sixth Months '
have on the first page of the cover two of the
strongest cartoons from the pencil of Frank
Beard, illustrating the consequences and end of
a life of dissipation and vice. The first repre-
sents a tally-ho, called Society, being driven at
great speed. A cloud of dust behind it repre-
sents Scandal. The tally-ho is drawn by the
fleet horses of Extravagance and Dissipation,
and driven by a gayly dressed woman named
Fashion, who staiids, while her lover by her side
looks on admiringly. Behind them sits a simi-
lar pair, the girl with her pet dog in her arms.
Beneath the hind wheels lie the prostrate and
bruised forms of Religion and Love, and be-
neath the hoofs of the horses are Innocence and
Home Ties.
The second is even more striking. It repre-
sents a cemetery surrounded by a high fence,
at the gate of which there is a pillar on which
is inscribed the word "Eternity," and beneath
it a hand pointing inward. Against this pillar-
leans a young woman, drawing away with a hor-
rified countenance from Satan, dressed in the gay
attire of a cavalier. The expression on the
woman's face is appalling, but not unnatural
under the circumstances. Beneath this picture
are these words :
" too late."
"Thank you, sir; you have made my life
journey very gay, but you must go no farther."
" You are quite mistaken, madam ; vie cannot
part company now. I am your companion for
Eternity."
Bear in mind that your sin will surely find
you out.
1th Mo. 19, 189&.
THE FRIEND.
67
Radnor Monthly Meeting.
CCoutinued from page (iO.)
(The dkorder at f'uueralsclaiiiied the atten-
on of the meeting in lG9o. They appear to
ive been marked by immoderate speaking and
want of seriousness and gravity. Friends
ere advised that their remissness in the past
ijight be redressed, and in the future a good
sample set to others.
', Kefereuce is again made to the meeting-house
t Haverford, in the Eleventh Month, 1H95,
hen a committee was appointed to inspect and
ousider what way will be most convenient to
^build or repair it, and what charges there
,'ill be to do it, but the minutes do not disclose
py report from this committee. Two years
iter it is noted that five pounds had been re-
eived, part of a legacy bequeathed by Margaret
loweli towards repairing or rebuilding this
ouse. The following year there was much
oncern in consequence of a certain David
'owell having posted on the meeting house
|Oor certain accusations against other Friends
efore they were dealt with according to Gospel
rder, which seems to indicate that it was the
iractice at that time to place testimonies of
enial in prominent positions at the meeting-
louses, as well as to read them at the close of
aeetings for worship.
i In the Eleventh Month, 1696, " Wm. Lewis
,nd some other Friends having proposed to the
iieeting to settle a meeting at Newtown, they
vere left to their freedom therein." This was
JO doubt the germ of Newtown meeting.
Nearly a year later the meeting decided to buy
j, book in which "to enter testimonies concern-
ng the life and conversation of faithful Friends
'fS a memorial of their service and faithfulness
n their day and for the benefit of posterity."
In the year 1698 it appears that there were
neeting-houses both at Merion and Radnor as
veil as at Haverford, as mentioned heretofore,
i)ut the minutes do not seem to contain any in-
formation as to when they were built. Proba-
I )ly all that may have been mentioned in the
.uissing minutes.
On the twelfth of Sixth Month, 1697, " The
jertificate of Rowland Ellis and his wife was
;ead in this meeting and ordered to be record-
id." Rowland Ellis was born in Merioneth-
shire, North Wales, in 1650. At twenty-two
ae was convinced of the Truth as held by
Friends and suffered cruel persecution includ-
ng several years' imprisonment for constancy
:o his religious principles. The judge who sen-
tenced him threatened that he and others should
be hanged and quartered. He was an approved
minister, though his appearances were not fre-
quent. In 1686 he came to America to prepare
3. place of settlement for himself and family,
returning to Wales soon after. His estate in
iWales was called Brynmawr, upon which the
mansion had been built by Rhys Lewis in 1617.
An inscription to this effect is engraved in
Welsh on one of the ceilings of the building.
This house still remains substantially in the
same condition as it was when occupied by Row-
land Ellis. Before leaving Wales the last time
he sold Brynmawr to Lewis and Humphrey
Owen. In 1686 he again came to Pennsylvania
with his family and settled upon the plantation
now known as Harriton. Here in 1704 he
built the mansion house (which is still stand-
ing), upon the same plan as that which he had
occupied in his native country. He continued
to reside upon this estate until 1719, when he
sold it to Richard Harrison and removed to
Plymouth (receiving a certificate of removal in
the Sixth Month, 1721), where he died in the
Seventh Month, 1729. A meeting was estal)-
lished at his house in the Ninth Month, 171:5,
and sometimes marriages were solemnized there.
This meeting appears to have been held in the
winter season only.
A minute made in the Sixth Month, 1698,
refers to the fact that some Welsh Friends lived
within the limits of Chester County, and that
they notwithstanding continued their attach-
ment to the meetings in Philadelphia (of which
IMerion was then a part). This gave dissatis-
f.iction to the Quarterly Meeting in Chester
County, but the Monthly Meeting decided to
insist upon a previously made arrangement that
such Friends should not be <listurbed in their
place of membership, and appointed a com-
mittee to inform that Quarterly Meeting of its
decision. This judgment was not satisfactory
to Chester County Friends, who appear to have
appointed a committee to vist Radnor Monthly
Meeting on account of it. The subject was in
consequence laid before Philadelphia Quarterly
Meeting for its judgment, and in the Seventh
Month, 1700, the representatives produced a
copy of a minute of that meeting as f)llows:
" The Friends from Haverford Meeting report
that the Quarterly Meeting of Chester County
have sent some of tiieir members to their Monthly
Meeting, signifying the mind of their meeting
that the said Monthly Meeting being in the
County of Chester ought to be joined to theirs,
which this meeting having weighed and con-
sidered the same, came to this agreement — That
whereas Haverford Meeting hath behmged to
this Quarterly Meeting from the first settlement
and for several other reasons this meeting unani-
mously desires that the Monthly Meeting of
Haverford may not be separated from this our
Quarterly Meeting." The following month a
paper addressed to the Quarterly Meeting in
Chester County was adopted by the Monthly
Meeting, commencing with the words, " In the
truth of God our salutation is unto you, desir-
ing we may be one in it forever," in which the
judgment above named is embodied.
In the Eleventh Month 1698, the following
minute appears. " Friends of the upper end of
Merion having acquainted this meeting that
they live remote from the settled weekly meet-
ings, proposed to this meeting to have a weekly
meeting settled among themselves, and this
meeting approved of the same. That they keep
it every Third-day of the week." Apparently
this was the inception of the Valley Meeting.
In the First Month, 1699, a committee was ap-
pointed to get subscriptions " to assist Haver-
ford Friends to build their meeting-house," and
the following month a different committee was
appointed " to consider what charges the build-
ing of the meeting-house at Haverford in every
respect shall come to and bring an account
thereof in writing against the next meeting."
This committee reported at the time designated
that the cost would amount at least to the sum
of one hundred and fifty-eight pounds, and an-
other committee was appointed to bring the
subscription of Merion and Radnor Friends for
that purpose to the next Monthly Meeting,
These Friends attended to their duties, and
in the Fourth Month following reported con-
tributions as follows:
Radnor £ 5 12 0
Newtown !^ 0 0
Merion 32 lU 0
Upper End Merion SI 10 0
Tnial .... £bb 12 0
The subscription from Merion was subse-
quently increased to thirty-three pounds sixteen
shillings and twopence, as ajjpears from a min-
ute of eleventh of Seventh Month, 1701.
In ^addition to the re|)ort of subscriptions for
building Haverford Meeting-house, the minutes
of the Fourth Month, 1700, refer to two other
subjects of interest. One of these is the report
of a committee to visit families, in whick it is
stated that '• they felt the Lord with them,
strengthening, comforting and refreshing them
in the service, and that they found tenderness
and openness in many places and no opposition."
The other is an account of the reception of a
paper of acknowledgment from a certain Wm.
Ceurdens who had taken part in George Keith's
separation. In this paper he acknowledged
" the Lord's mercy unto him in visiting him
and making him sensible of his goodness and
drawing him again to his people."
In the Second Month, 1701, we are informed
that " the days now growing long. Friends made
known their intention to keep afternoon meet-
ings," which was approved, the arrangement
being as follows: Newtown Friends at Lewis
Lewfs' house ; Haverford Friends at their meet-
ing-house; Radnor Friends at their meeting-
house, and at Rees Thomas' and Ellis Pugh's ;
Merion Friends at their meeting- house, and at
John Bevan's and Cadwalader Morgan's house;
Gwynedd Friends at tlieir meeting-house, and
Hugh Griffith's house.
Ellis Pugh was born in Dolgelly, Wales, in
1656. He was convinced when about eighteen
years old under the preaching of John ap John.
Though a man of moderate abilities Ellis Pugh,
possessed a large gift in the ministry, and is de-
scribed as having been of a meek and quiet
spirit and of good report among all people.
He came to Pennsylvania in 1686, subsequent-
ly visited his native laud od religious service,
and died in 1718. His descendants are still
found in Pennsylvania.
John ap John under whose ministry Ellis
Pugh was convinced, was a yeoman residing on
his "ancestral estate at Plas Ifa, near the vale
of Llangollen in Wales, and had once been a
preacher in Beaumaris. He and another per-
son were sent by Morgan Floyd, the priest at
Wuxhum to ''trie the Quakers" in the North
of England and bring back an account of them.
But they brought back quite a difierent account
from what the priest desired, for both ap John
and his companion embraced Quakerism though
the latter subequently fell away. John ap John
became an eminent minister and accompanied
George Fox on a numberof his journeys through
Wales. An extended convincement through-
out the country followed, largely among the
oldest and best families.
John ap John did not emigrate to America.
He died at the house of his son-in-law, John
Miller, at Whitehugh, England, Ninth Month
16th, 1697, and was buried at Basford, a ham-
let adjoining Whitehugh. Many years after,
in 1712, London Yearly Meeting desired Friends
in North Wales to coUect information relative
to the services of "our ancient and faithful
friend John ap John," but so far as appears no
memorial was prepared.
On the eleventh of Fourth Month, 1702, the
meeting was inf irmed that assistance was re-
quired toward finishing the meeting-house at
Haverford, and it was <lecideil to lend a legacy
often pounds left by " John Humphrey towards
the printincr of the sons of Jacob in Welsh"
for that purpose, to be returned when desired.
This indicates that Haverford Meeting-house
was approaching completion at that time.
68
THE FRIEND.
Ninth Mo. 19,
In the First Month, 1699, we have the com-
mencement of Gw3nedd Meeting in the following
minute : " There is a general meeting appointed at
Gwynedd the second weekly Third-day of every
month at the desire of Friends there, beginning
the next month." North Wales Friends were
authorized to keep a Preparative Meeting among
themselves at the Monthly Meeting held in the
Sixth Month, 1702, which was to be held after
their week-day meeting the Third-day next be-
fore the Monthly Meeting, and the following
month it was decided to ask the Quarterly
Meeting to establish a First-day morning and
a Fifth-day meeting at Plymouth, to be kept
alternately at several Friends' houses.
In the Sixth Month, 1714, Gwynedd Friends
suggested a Monthly Meeting to be held at
Plymouth, which subject was referred three
months later to ihe favorable consideration of
the Quarterly Meeting. The latter approved
the plan, but the place of meeting seems to
have been changed to Gwynedd where it was
opened on the twenty-second of Twelfth Month,
1714-15. This Monthly Meeting afterwards
became a part of Abington Quarterly Meeting.
A break occurs in the minutes covering the
period from Ninth Month, 1704, to Eleventh
Month, 1712, which has already been alluded
to. We have, however, a few minutes of Merion
Preparative Meeting from Twelfth Month, 1701,
to Fifth Month, 1705, which in a slight degree
fill a small part of the blank. They contain a
number of interesting references, a synopsis of
which is now given.
At this time the practice of having bound
servants prevailed, and Friends were concerned
on their account. It was advised by the meet-
ing that when the term of service of such ex-
pired, their masters should furnish them with
certificates signifying their behavior " accord-
ing to their deserts." Also that all should be
cautious not to encourage such servants to buy
their time by lending them money or being
bound for them without the consent of their
masters. Also that " if masters deal hard with
their servants that such be dealt with." It was
also recommended that when servants received
certificates they should be brought to the Pre-
parative Meeting and read therein, and instances
of this are recorded. In one case a certain Ellis
Roberts had served twelve years.
(To be continued.)
For "THE Friend."
Friends Contributions to Clara Barton's Relief
Work in Turkey.
Having recently returned to my home after
some months spent in dispensing relief amongst
the needy in Turkey in Asia, it seems right to
acknowledge the generous gifts of money and
sympathy offered by Friends in America. In
a word, it may be stated that all the funds sent
to me and to my friend Asa S. Wing, and by
him remitted to Clara Barton at Constantinople,
were promptly forwarded to me while in the
interior of Asia Minor. The funds in United
States money amounted to two thousand eight
hundred and twenty-three dollars and thirteen
cents.
Of this, two hundred Turkish liras, equal to
about nine hundred dollars, was used in co-
operation with Corinna Shattuch, the American
missionary, in her heroic efforts for the people
at Oorfa. During the twelve days spent at
Oorfa preliminary arrangements for the manu-
facture of a supply of household utensils, were
made. These seemed to he sorely needed, and
have been greatly appreciated by the families
who have since received them, they having
been entirely bereft of all such articles and
without any means whatever of replacing those
lost.
This operation commended itself as giving
work to a considerable number of efficient work-
men, who were found destitute of any mode of
earning a livelihood, and because the product
gave relief of a permanent character.
Since leaving Oorfa reports of the success of
this effort have come from time to time, and
give satisfaction.
The balance of the fund (except a few dol-
lars in hand), was forwarded to meet me upon
my arrival, some weeks later, at Harpoot, and
was dispensed in the desolate and thoroughly
plundered Armenian villages of the district
known as the Char Lanjack.
Nearly a month of active work was devoted
to this section, lying one or two day's journey
to the north, and northeast of Harpoot amongst
the mountains. Effort was made to get people
at work and as far as possible to restore normal
conditions. All the money, much of it in very
small sums, was paid out by me in person. It
reached its intended goal ; in bread, clothing,
raw cotton, agricultural implements, grain for
food and for seed, work animals and a variety
of tools and small suras to start handicrafts
and in wages paid for the hand-made products
which in turn were distributed to the needy for
food, raiment and other equipment. Cattle and
tools were branded.
A general condensed report, together with
complete cash account, was handed to my valued
friend Clara Barton before.departure from Tur-
key at Constantinople- and is subject to her
wishes.
In closing it may be properly recalled that
the writer has been greatly aided in his under
taking by the warm sympathy of many Friends
in America and in London. There have been
many times during the past winter and the fol-
lowing months, when this sympathy has been
keenly felt and appreciated in its helpfulness.
The guidance and protection of the Unseen
Hand never failed, and seem to have been most
fully realized when most needed.
Edward M. Wistai
Oak Lane, Phila., Eighth Month 31st, 1896.
Chinese Ancestral Worship.
In a general and broad sense all their wor
ship is ancestral, as their gods are the deified
spirits of some of the distinguished dead. But
the worship of their gods is not the real
ligion of the Chinese; the idol-shrine is not
their most holy place. Their real religion is
the worship of their ancestors, their real idol
the ancestral tablet. The worship of ancestors
is certainly of very ancient date, and was sane
tioned by the Chinese sage Confucius. Their
doctrine is that each man has three souls. At
death one soul goes into the unseen world of
spirits, the second goes down into the grave,
and the third hovers about the old homesteail.
For the first the priest is responsible. The
second and third claim the services of living
relatives, the grave being tended for the one,
while the other is invited to take up its abode
in a tablet of wood : and from that hour the
ancestral tablet becomes the most sacred thing
in the possession of the family. It is simply a
narrow piece of wood, about a foot long, two
or three inches wide, and half an inch thick,
set in a low pedestal, and on one side are in-
scribed ancestral names. The eldest son has
charge of the tablet and its worship. It is
placed in the main hall of the house, ofl^erings
are presented before it, and incense l)urned to
it every day. The son regards that tablet as in
very truth the abode of a personal being who
is far more to him for weal or woe than all
the gods of the empire. The gods are to be !
feared, and their favor is to be propitiated;
but ancestors are loved and their needs in the
spirit-world generously supplied. The heathen
Chinese have no knowledge of the " Father's ;
house of many mansions," where "they hunger
no more, neitfier thirst any more." To them the
dead are dependent on their living relatives,
and should they be neglected they would be-
come beggar spirits, hungry, naked, penniless,
with will and power to punish their uudirtiful;
ofl^spring for their neglect. Food must there-
fore be offered before the tablet, to satisfy the
hunger of the spirit; paper clothing must be
burned to hide its nakedness, and paper money
to give it independence in the world of shades.
G. L. Mackay's Formosa.
FoK "The Friend."
The following extracts are taken from a lec-
ture of Charles G. Finney, President of Oberlin
College, Ohio, from 1852 to 1866. The lecture
treats upon "Conformity to the World," in
business, fashion and politics. A part of the
same, in regard to fashion, I will copy for the
columns of The Friend :
" Objection 1st. ' Is it best for Christians to
be singular?'
" Certainly. Christians are bound to be sin-
gular. Christ says, ' I have chosen you out of
the world' (John xv: 19). They are called to
be a peculiar people— that is, a singular peo-
ple, essentially different from the rest of man-
kind. To maintain that we are not to be sin-^
gular, is the same as to maintain that we are
to be conformed to the world. ;
" ' Be not singular,' that is, be like the world,
In other words, ' Be ye conformed to the world.'
This is the direct opposite to the command in
the text. But the question now regards fashion
in dress, equipage and so on. And here I will
confess that I was formerly, myself, in error
I believed and taught that the best way foi
Christians to pursue was to dress so as not to be
noticed, to follow the fashions and changes sc
as not to appear singular, and that nobodj
would be led to think of their being different
from others in these particulars. But I have
seen my error, and now wonder greatly at my
former blindness. It is your duty to dress sc
plain as to show to the world that you place nc
sort of reliance in the things of fashion and sel
no value at all on them, but despise and neg-
lect them altogether. But unless you are sin-
gular, unless you separate yourselves from the'
fashions of the world, you show that you dd
value them. There is no way in which you caE
bear a proper testimony by your lives against
the fashions of the world but by dressing plain,
I do not mean that you should stutly singular-
ity, but that you should consult God's word
and your own convenience and economy, though
it may be singular.
" Objection 2nd. ' But if we dress plain, the
attention of people will be taken with it.'
" The reason of it is this : So few do it that
it is a novelty, and everybody stares when they
see a professing Christian so strict as to disre-
gard the fashions. Let them all do it, and the
only thing you show by it is that you are a
Christian, and do not wish to be confounded
with the ungodly. Would it not tell on the
ith Mo. 19, 1896.
THE FRIEND.
09
.ride of the world if all the Christians iu it were
jiited in bearing a practical testimony against
!> vain show ? But dress to please God your-
elf, whether others do or not.
■ ( )lijection ord. 'But in this way you carry
elitrinn too far away from the world.'
" Tlie direct reverse of this is true. The
leaier you bring the Church to the world, the
nore you annihilate the reason that ought to
taiiir<)Ut in view of the world, for their chang-
ng -iiles and coming over to the Church. Un-
eis y(ju go right out from them, and show that
•ou are not of them in any respect, and carry
he Church so far as to have a broad interval
letween saints and sinners, how can you make
he ungodly feel that so great a change is neces-
ary ? But this change which is necessary is a
■haiige of heart. True; but will not a change
>f heart produce a change of life?
" Objection 4th. ' You will throw obstacles
n the way of jiereons becoming Christians.
.Many respectable people will become disgusted
ivith religion, and if they cannot be allowed to
iress well and be Christians, they will take to
ihe world altogether.'
"This is just about as reasonable as it would
be for a temperance man to think he must get
drunk now and then, to avoid disgusting the
intemperate and to retain his influence over
them. The truth is, that persons ought to know,
and ought to see in the lives of professing Chris-
tians, that if they embrace religion they must
be weaned from the world, and must give up
the love of the world and its pride and show
and folly, and live a holy life, in watchfulness
and self-denial and active benevolence.
" Objection .5th. ' Is it not better for us to
disregard this altogether, and not pay any at-
tention to such little things and let them take
:their course ; let the milliner and mantua-maker
■do as they please, and follow the usages of the
society in which we live and the circle in which
we move?'
" Is this the way to show contempt for the
fashions of the world? Do people ordinarily
take this course of showing contempt fi;r a thing,
to practice it I Why, the way to show your ab-
horrence of the world is to follow along iu the
customs and the fashions of the world ? Precious
reasoning this!
"Objection 6th. ' No matter how we dress, if
our hearts are right.'
" Your heart right ! Then your heart may be
right when your conduct is all wrong. Just as
well might the profane swearer say, ' No matter
what words I speak, if my heart is right.' No ;
your heart is not right, unless your conduct is
right. What is outward conduct but the acting
out of the heart? If your heart was right you
would not wish to follow the fashions of the
world.
" Objection 7th. ' What is the standard of
dress ? I do not see the use of all your preach-
ing and laying down rules about the plain dress,
unless you give us a standard ?'
" This is a mighty stumbling-block with many,
but to my mind the matter is extremely simple.
The whole can be comprised in two simple
rules. One is : Be sure, in all your etjuipage
and dress and furniture, to show that you have
no fellowship with the designs and principles
of those who are aiming to set off themselves
and to gain the applause of men. The other
is: Let economy be first consulted, and then
convenience. Follow Christian economy — -that
is, save all you can for Christ's service — and
then let things be as convenient as Christian
economy will admit.
" Objection 8th. ' Would you have us all turn
Quakers or Methodists?'
" Who does not know that the plain dress of
the Quakers has won for them the respect of
all the thinking part of the ungodly in the
community ? And if all Christians would imi-
tate them in their plain dress (I do not mean
the precise cut and fashion of their dress, but In
a plain dress, throwing contempt upon the
fashions of the world), who can doubt that they
would have a far greater influence over the
world for their good? Who does not know that
the Methodists, when they were noted for their
plain dress and for renouncing the fashions and
show of the world, used to have power with God
iu prayer, and that they had the universal re-
spect of the world as sincere Christians? And
who does not know that since they have laid
aside this peculiarity and conformed to the
world in dress and other things, and seemed to
be trying to lift themselves up as a denomina-
tion and gain influence with the world, they are
losing the power of prayer? Would to God
they had never thrown down this wall ! It was
one of the leading excellencies of Wesley's sys-
tem to have his followers distinguished from
others by a plain dress.
" Objection 9th. ' But if we dress so we shall
be called fiinatics.'
" Whatever the ungodly may call you, fanat-
ics, Methodists or anything, you will be known
as Christians, and in the secret consciences of
men will be acknowledged as such. It is not
in the power of unbelievers to pour contempt
on a holy Church, that is separated from the
world. How was it with the early Christians?
They lived separate from the world, and it made
such an impression that even infidel writers say
of them, ' These men win the hearts of the mass
of the people, because they give themselves up
to deeds of charity and pour contempt on the
world.'
" Objection 10th. ' We may be proud of a
plain dress, as well as of a fashionable one?'
" Possibly some may be, but it is neither
natural nor common for man to be ]iroud of
that which brings contempt from the mass
around him. If there is danger here, it is a
danger that has not once been pointed out in
the Scriptures. But it is always the policy of
the devil to make men believe ' there is a lion
in the way' that leads to life everlasting, so as
to frighten men from it, if possible, and have
them take the broad way. Men are not very
likely to become proud in sincerely trying to
escape pride Is it not time for
something to be done? Is it not time that the
Church struck out a path that should not be
conformed to the (world, but should be accord-
ing to the example and Spirit of Christ ? You
profess that you want to have sinners converted.
But what avails it if they sink right back again
into conformity with the world by joining you ?
Brethren, I confess I am filled with pain, in
view of the conduct of the Church ! . . . .
Where shall I look, where *hall the Lord look,
for a Church like the first Church, that will
come out from the world and be separate, and
give themselves up to serve God? Oh, if this
Church would do so ! But it is of little use to
make Christians, if they are not better. Do
not understand me as saying that the converts
made in our revivals are spurious. But they
live so as to be a disgrace to religion. They are
so stumbled by old professors that many of
them do more hurt than good. The more there
are of them, the more occasion infidelity seems
to find for her jeers and scoffs.
" Now, do you believe that God commands
you not to i)e conformed to the world? Do you
believe it ? And dare you obey it, let people
say what they will about you? Dare you now
separate yourself from the world, and never
again be controlled by its maxims, and never
again copy its practice,s, and never again be
whiffled here and there by its fashions ? I know
a man that lives so. I could mention his name.
He pays no attention to the customs of the world
in this respect, and what isthe result? Wherever
that man goes he leaves the impression behind
him that he is a Christian. Oh, if one church
would do so, and would engage in it with all the
energy that men of the world engage in their
business, they would turn the world upside down.
" Will you do so ? Will you break off' from
the world now, and enter into covenant with
God, and declare that you will dare to be sin-
gular enough to be separate from the world,
and from this time set your faces as a flint to
obey God, let the world say what they will ?
Dare you do it? Will you do it?"
Pasadena, Eigfith Month 10th, L>96.
Col. John F. Hobb!?, a native of Lexington
County, S. C, later of Sydney, Australia, and
now of lilka, where he enjoys the distinction of
being the "King of the Cannibal Islands," has
just arrived in New York. His kingdom is
one of the islands of the New Hebrides group,
about twelve hundred miles east of Australia.
He happened upon the throne in this way : In
1890 he was sent out by the Australian Gov-
ernment to see that the contract laborers from
the neighboring islands who workeil in the sugar
fields were properly returned to their native
land when their period of service had ended.
On one of these returning expeditions he was
shipwrecked about twenty miles off the lilka
Islands, and was saved by some native fisher-
men. If he h;;d landed by himself, be said, he
would surely have been eaten alive ; but when
the King, before whom he was brought, saw
that he was a white man and had come "over
a hill of water," he announced that Hobbs was
a great spirit. Hobbs won for him.self the re-
gard of the King and the people. About nine
months after his arrival on the islands the King
died, leaving no heir. A convention was called.
There were two candidates for ruler. If either
were elected, however, civil strife would follow.
So thpy hit upon the happy expedient of mak-
ing Hobbs their Oumalea, or ruler. J. Hobbs
says his subjects are a " fine, honest, manly race,
with many virtues," and selfishness they con-
sider the most heinous sin. Furthermore, he
expects to return to the island with a wife,
whom he is in this country now to marry. He
doubts not that the natives will worship her
even more than feimself; for bright red is a
most sacred color to them, and the future Queen's
hair is of that hue. — Select ed.
The late Dr. Howard Crosby, with his own
hands arrested a thief whom he caught in his
house, took him to the station, was present and
testified against him, and when he was convicted,
sentenced, and entered upon his term, called
upon him and said, " My friend, I have no mal-
ice toward you. Y'ou were performing a des-
perate deed, you deserve your punishment; but
now I say to you I am ready to help you to
begin a new life." While in prison he visited
him, encouraged, and led him to become a Chris-
tian. When his time expired he used his in-
fluence to secure him a way of earning an hon-
est living. The man entirely reformed, married
70
THE FRIEND.
Ninth Mo. 19,
)man in the West, and main-
tained a grateful correspondence with Dr. Crosby
until the latter's death. We consider the Chris-
tianity of the doctor in pursuing that course as
far above that of the pusillanimous and weak
person who would say of such a criminal, "Poor
fellow, let him go," as manhood is above child-
ishness. Such an act as the latter is but one
grade higher than that of sending roses to con-
demned murderers. — Christian Advocate.
The Kroo Mark.
The people on the coast of Liberia have an
ancient custom of nutting a mark on the mid-
dle of the forehead. It is not for decoration, as
similar marks are with many heathen peoples.
Among uncivilized peoples who wear no clothes
it is a very general custom to tattoo their bodies.
Some of our African people, indeed— especially
those who are not very black and on whom the
mark shows well — have their bodies elaborately
decorated, and some of our young men who
have worked for Europeans, and received an
English name, have this name tattooed upon
their chests.
But the mark on the forehead is known by
all the Euroijean traders as the " Kroo" mark,
and when they find a man with this mark they
know he is from the Kroo coast. This custom
has grown out of slavery and is a sign that these
people are not slaves, but free, and were born
in a free country^
This indelible mark is made, in early child-
hood, by cutting several gashes with a knife in
the skin until it bleeds well, and then rubbing
into it a mixture of oil and pot soot. When it
heals it is black and cannot be washed off. I
think it a very good thing in that land, where
slavery is so common, and where the people
mix with all kinds of strangers, and it has been
the means of saving some of them from being
carried away into slavery.
Some time before I arrived at Yarraway, a
number of these Kroo boys had gone down the
coast to work. One of them, named Tubbah,
had been sent in a surf-boat, with some other
boys, to a distant place. While on their way,
they got into a quarrel, and the others threat-
ened the life of this young man. Having none
to befriend him, he jumped into the sea and
swam ashore, and the people on the beach
seized him and sold him to a slave-holder in the
far interior.
His wife and friends at Yarraway waited
anxiously for some word from him, but heard
nothing, until after several years they gave up
all hopesof ever seeing him again, and mourned
for him as dead. His wife was given to another
man.
After six years had passed, word came home
that Tubbah was still alive and would soon re-
turn. His master had kept him away from the
coast all these years, fearing lest he should be
recognized by his Kroo mark. But at this time
he had to come down for some purpose, and
thought it would be safe to bring Tubbah along.
While they were on tiie coast an English
gentleman saw him, and asked him where he
came from, who he was and how he came to be
there, with that mark upon his face. Tubbah
told his story. The Englishman then sent for
his master, and told him that he could not take
a free man home with him, that Tubbah was
his own Kroo boy and he knew where his home
was and was going to take him to his own peo-
ple. The master could make no reply, for he
knew that he had enslaved a free man.
So the Englishman kept Tubbah and sent
him home to Yarraway by the next steainer. I
saw him as he walked up the little road that
went past our house into the town, with the
people crowding around to welcome him home
again. He spent several days among them.
Soon he learned that his wife had been given
to another man, and was living in another town
twenty miles distant.
After a short time he went to see her. It is
not a custom in Africa to rap on the door be-
fore entering, but, without an invitation, the
visitor walks in and sits down. She and her
present husband were astonished to see one
whom they had believed to be dead, but Tub-
bah was very pleasant, and thanked the man
for being kind to his wife and taking care of her
in his absence. Then he turned to his wife and
said, " Dwady, I have come for you. Come on
and let us go home."
She was quite cross with him at first, and
acted as if very much vexed at her old husband
for coming after her. But in a few days she
said to her second husband, " Well, I have
made up my mind to go back to Tubbah, and
I shall have to say, good-bye to you." So she
took her son and started off to her old husband.
Tubbah, of course, was very glad and the
other man very sorry, for he had but one wife.
He urged her to stay, but she said she must go.
" Is it possible," he said, " my good wife is go-
ing to leave me?" and sat down and cried when
she departed. I have visited Tubbah and his
wife since they commenced keeping house again.
They are living very happily in one of our
towns. — Agnes McAllider.
Heat-strokes are not infrequent accidents
in our large cities during the heated season, and
there is no emergency in which the employment
of prompt treatment is of greater advantage or
easier application. Due to the action of exces-
sive heat upon a system usually debilitated by
fatigue, disease or dissipation, the subject falls
insensible, with face fiery red and heavy breath-
ing, skin excessively dry and hot and the pupils
of the eye contracted to a point. Sometimes he
feels a dizry sensation, sometimes a pain in his
head, like the child of the Shunammite, but
more frequently the first sign of the attack is
the sudden insensibility. The important point
in the treatment of these cases is to relieve the
burning heat of the body, and this can be done
most readily, as a rule, by drenching it with
cold water — the colder the better. It is not suf-
ficient to dab the unfortunate victim with a damp
handkerchief — he must be drenched, and the
water should not be applied gently, for benefit
is to be expected from the shock of pouring the
water from some distance. Remembering that
delay is dangerous, do not attempt to carry the
patient home, do not go for the doctor — send, if
a messenger is available — but fly for the near-
est cold water. If an icetank is at hand, carry
a basin of its contents to the patient at once,
and pour it upon his head from the height of
four or five feet. Then, as soon as possible,
loosen his clothing, and repeat the douche of
cold water. Don't carry the water in a tea-cup.
If no other sufficiently capacious receptacle is
available, use a hat. After thoroughly drench-
ing the head with the cold water, the process
should be continued with the rest of the body.
The cold applications should be persevered with
in this manner until the patient becomes con-
scious, or until the responsibility of the case
can be transferred by the arrival of a physi-
cian. Prompt action of this kind may often
save a life that would otherwise be lost.
For "The Fbihnd."
Reminiscences.
It is now near fifty years since we received
word that at about ten o'clock that night there
would be due at our station, five or seven (ray
memory doesn't serve me clearly which) fugi-
tives.
We mustered up all the horses we could, but
were one short, but concluded that in that
number there would most likely be one or more
small ones, so that two might be carried by one
of the pack animals. But, to our surprise, they j
were all large men and women, and such a j
valuable lot that no delay must be allowed, for
it was presumed that their pursuers were al-
ready across the Ohio River. My young friend
that had come to assist was well used to driving
a four-horse team, and had happened to bring
a span that he was used to working in the lead.
In our extremity he made the proclamation '
that if a wagon and wheel horses could be fur-
nished, he would drive them to the next sta-
tion. The outfit was soon in readiness, and he
mounted on the near-side wheel horse, gave the
signal to the well-trained leaders by a peculiar
" Get ep," that put all in motion. The writer
was already seated in his saddle on a trust-
worthy nag, provided with an old fashioned tin
lantern and tallow candles, to show the driver, as
best could be done, how to cross the deep and
dangerous ford, but both he and I were well
used to it, and so was our team, and it was not
considered necessary that the gentry who were
our passengers should be informed of what they
were likely to meet with. By making all the
speed possible we reached the home of a Friend
whose obituary may be found in the Philadel-
phia Friend, volume 33, page 320, 1860.
It was a serious question for our friends to
decide. Daylight was upon us, our rig would
attract attention. We must necessarily be re-
lieved, and they had children that were too
young to be let into such important matters.
But they concluded that the strangers could be
taken in, ere the little ones awakened, and con-
ducted to the upper rooms, and none of the
children be allowed up there.
Prudence dictated that our return should be
deferred until common business hours. The'
wagon was placed out of view, the team put in
the stable, and the morning meal partaken of,
and the adventurers returned without molesta-
tion or inquiry.
Not many years since, the writer visited a ■
son of the worthy host and hostess that took us
in. The circumstance was spoken of, but he
informed me that it was several years after ere
he was made acquainted with that happening,
being at the time one of the juniors of their
household. My partner, or he that acted so
nobly the part of teamster, has been many years
dead, and I only am left to tell the story of
those sad and by-gone days.
For "The Friend."
I believe in a meeting for Discipline rightly.
gathered and rightly preserved, the united exer-
cise of living members is that Truth may prevail
over all. To a meeting thus circumstanced, I
believe at times, a very precious sensibility is
vouchsafed, and Friends travel in on the simpli-
city of filial fear and reverence; and when a nom-
ination is depending. Friends become, at times
constrained, at other times feel a tender, brother-
ly, sensible, freedom to mention a name, without
daring to stamp it high ; but in resignation, leav-
ing it to make its way or otherwise, as the Master
pleases. . . . Thus Friends feel one for another, ;
inth Mo. 19, 1S9G.
THE FRIEND.
nd the bond of tender Gospel aftection is pre-
rved;and tlietravailofthecaiiseisniainlained
nd its prosperity sought beyond all otherconsid-
rations. Oh ! one can seem to conceive what a
recious thing it is, when Friends in their lueet-
]gs for Discipline can rightly bow under the
ftleninizing influence; not stamping anything
hey do high ; but fearing in the least degree,
|) wound the precious cause, or contribute to
jisperse the precious solemnity either by speak-
•ig or by withholding. I speak not, very, very
jir from it, as one that has attained, but as a
eliever in the validity of these things; and in
;ie favored condition of rightly gathered and
jghtly preserved meetings for Discipline.
William Grover.
1815.
i FiioM "Oun Dumb Animals."
Humble Heroism.
; Negroes frequently exhibit a wonderful hero-
;m in times of danger. An incident of this I
'itnessed in the spring of 1886, when a freshet
a the Alabama River caused the country on
|ach side to be overflowed by water for many
[liles.
■ The negroes on the river plantations were the
reatest sufferers. Their cabins would be under
i/ater almost before they knew that danger
jhreatened them, and hundreds of them were
puietimes found huddled together on some
[noil sufficiently elevated to be above the water.
;'here they often remained two or three days
.nd nights without food, and exposed to a
oaking rain. Fortunately the weather was not
:old.
j Many relief expeditions were sent out from
he neighboring towns to rescue them. These
ionsisted of one or more boats, manned by ex-
>ert oarsmen and swimmers and filled with
ooked provisions, blankets, etc. One day the
lews came that the negroes on a certain plan-
atiou had sought refuge upon a corn barn,
iround which the water was rapidly rising, and
p rendering their condition exceedingly pre
,arious. Two boats started out at once to their
issistance. In one of these I went, accompanied
ly another white man and a negro. Just before
Jark we sighted the corn barn, upon which a
iflass of black humanity clustered like a swarm
^f bees. A heavy rain was now falling, aud
[laylight beginning to fade away. Their cond'
lion became almost distressing as they sat in
;)erfect silence waiting our approach.
But we did not appreciate their extreme
leril uutil the boat struck against the frail log
luilding which was in the water to the edges of
he roof, and visibly shook and tottered. The
joor creatures commenced to clamber hurriedly
lown to the boat.
"Stop !" I cried. " The women aud children
^rst."
The men obediently resumed their seats. We
ook in first the children and then the women
ind were about to push off, telling the men we
vould hurry back for them as quickly as pos-
ible or send the first boat we met, when a very
lid woman (I noticed she was the last to get in
he boat and had done so reluctantly), seized
he corner of the house, aud looking anxiously
nlo ray face, said :
" Marster, ain't you gwine to take my old
nan ?"
■ "No, auntie,'' I answered," the boat is too
ull now. He must wait till we come back."
The words were hardly out of ray mouth,
vhen with a sudden spring she was up and on
he roof again. It shoek as she scrambled on
it, and took her seat by a little, withered old
black man whose hand she seized and held a.s
if she was afraid we would tear her away from
him.
Come, auntie," I cried, " this won't do. We
can't leave you here, and we can't wait any
longer on you."
Go on, marster," she answered,." I thanks
yer, en I pray de good Lawd to fetch you all
safe home; but I am gwine to stay wid my ole
man. Ef Simon got to git droimderl, Li/ddy
gwine git droivncled too. iVe dun bin togrddir
too long to part now." And we had to leave
her, after throwing some blankets and a lot of
provisions to them.
As we rowed off in the rain and night a high
falsetto voice, tremulous with age, came across
the waters from the crib, where we left the al-
most certainly doomed group in the blackness
of darkness. They dared not have a light for
fear of setting fire to their frail support. We
stopped our oars to listen to the song. It came
clear and distinct. First Lyddy's trembling
voice and then a chorus of a dozen or more of
the deep bass voices of the men :
" We're a clingin' to de ark,
Take lis in, take us in,
Fur de watah's deep en dark,
Take us in, take us in ;
Do de fiesh is po'en weak,
Take ns in, lake us in,
'Tis He Lawd we gwinler seek,
Take us in, take us in ;
Den Lawd, hole out dy han'.
Take us in, take us in,
Draw de sinnalis to de Ian',
Take us in, take us in."
We could wait and listen no longer to the
weird sounds, but struck our oars in the water
and hurried away.
Most fortunately we came across a boat bent
upon the same errand as ourselves, which went
immediately to the barn and saved all of its
living freight. Tiie building had been appar-
ently held down by their weight, for as the last
one left it turned over and floated away to the
gulf.
Their rescuers told us afterwards that as they
neared it the first sound they heard was an old
woman's voice singing :
" De Lawd is liyali'd our cry,"
Answered by the men :
"Take us in, take us in,
En He'll save us by en liy.
Take us in, take us in."
but who have another tongue. The increase of
Eiigli.sli speakers is calculated to be fully 2,000,-
000 annually. No other language of modern
times has niade such ra])id [irogress. Three
hundred years ago the ;5,00o,000 people wiio
spoke English resided principally on the Hritish
Isles. Now it is spoken more or less in nearly
every country on the face of the earth. It is a
remarkable fact that while the English in their
colonies and offshoots have absorbed millions of
aliens, there is no record of any great body of
English speakers having become absorbed by
any other race. In the United States there are
millions of Germans and other foreigners who
have become merged with the English in a
single generation, they losing even their family
names; and the children in many cases do not
undestand their parents' language."
Thk St.\nd.vrd Cur.i;. — There is only one
way that furnishes any prosjiect of overcoming
consumption when once started in the system :
life in the open air, with a proper amount of
exercise and special lung exercise, whether by
climbing mountains, deep inhalations without
the assistance of an instrument to make them
easy, or by the aid of such instrument. Allevi-
ating medicines and, in certain stages, tonics
may be helpful ; but an economy of vital force,
together with a return to primitive simplicity
in living, is the essential.
While we have seen scores wasting their time
with specifics, neglecting the simple principles
herein stated, and dying after a succession of
experiments, we have met but few men who,
beginning to fight for life before they were ob-
viously doomed to die speedily, have taken up
an out-door life and systematic deep breathing,
who have not entirely shaken off the incubus or
indefinitely prolonged their lives. Convention-
alities of society and domestic cares make it far
more difficult for women lo avail themselves of
nature's help, except in climates where the in-
clemency of the weather is not a factor in hu-
man deterioration. But many of them, even
where their ancestors or husbands had suc-
cumbed to the disea.se, have fought it off by hy-
gienic methods. — ChriMidti Advocate.
A Bloodless English Conquest. — The rate
at which the English language is making con-
quests is a constant source of astonishment. It
is not a great many years since the French lan-
guage was dominant, and was exalted and in-
trenched in the traditions of nations by being
employed exclusively as the " court" language.
But French has had its day, and has gone down
before the world-conquering English. These
significant facts are furnished by "The Educa-
I tional News:"
I "Three centries ago it was employed by less
than 3,000,000 people ; to-day it is spoken by
over 115,000,000 people in all parts of the globe,
and is constantly increasing, both as to popula-
tion and territory. At present it is distributed
as follows: United States, 65,000,000; British
Islands, 38,000,000 ; Canada, exclusive of the
French Canadians, 4,000,000; West Indies,
British Guiana, etc., 1,500,000; Australasia,
4,000,000 ; South Africa, India, and other col-
onies, 2,500,000. This includes only those whose
mother tongue is English, no account being
taken of the vast number who speak English,
THE FRIEND.
XIXTfl MONTH 19, 1896.
The principal object of The Friend is the
religious and literary improvement of its read-
ers. It has generally avoided what is commonly
understood by " political " discussions, although
its editors have not been ignorant that sound
politics and religious interests are often closely
connected. Hence it has not hesitated to bear
an open testimony against military measures
and the oppressions of slavery, as being out of
harmony with the spirit of Christianity.
At the i)re.*ent time an unusual degree of in-
terest is felt in the approaching Presidential elec-
tion, mainly on account of conflicting views en-
tertained on financial questions by the two lead-
ing parties ; and earnest eflTorts are being made to
influence the public mind in favor of one or the
other. It does not seem to be our place to take a
public part in this contest, but we have felt a
strong conviction of the pernicious character
of the sjieeches and arguments of some engaged
in this dispute, which tend to stir up feelings of
animosity between different classes in society,
and to teach the people that the rich and the
poor are enemies to each other — that the one
class are oppressors and the other oppressed —
72
THE FRIEND.
Ninth Mo. 19, 1896
instead of their being, as is really the case, co-
workers in carrying on the bnsiness of the nation.
When a poor man takes up government land,
or buys at a low price unimproved lands in a
thinly settled section of the country, if he has
no surplus capital, he must needs borrow of one
that has the means that will enable him to cul-
tivate the soil and to maintain his family until
he can raise a crop. He who in such a condi-
tion comes to his relief is not an oppressor, but
a helper and a benefactor, who is justly entitled
to a fair interest on the money advanced. A
similar remark applies in thousands of cases to
those engaged in mercantile and manufacturing
concerns, where the success is dependent on the
labor and intelligence of the operator and on
the means of the capitalist. He is an enemy to
his country who seeks to disturb the harmoni-
ous relation between these classes and to teach
them to look with ill-will on each other.
We have received a communication from a
friend, whose interest appears to be awakened
in the neglected children in the southern part
of our city who are deprived of many of the
comforts and advantages which fall to the lot
of those more favorably circumstanced. He
mentions that the Board of Education have
opened twelve of the school yards in the thickly
populated districts for the use of the little chil-
dren residing n%«ir them, and furnishes a trained
kindergartner for each yard from nine o'clock
to one, who teaches the children games and pre-
serves order. A janitor is also employed, who
is on duty all day from nine to six, and has en-
tire control in the afternoons. The yards are
each supplied with a heap of sand and buckets
and shovels, and with toys, etc.
Our correspondent raises the question whether
the yard attached to Friends' Meeting-house
at Seventh and Orange Streets might not profit-
ably be similarly opened for the use of those
living in its vicinity?
That there are practical difficulties in the
way of carrying out this scheme is evident
enough, and in addition, there is the doubt
which many feel as to the propriety of using
our meetinghouse premises for objects not in-
cluded in their original purchase.
SUMMARY OF EVENTS.
United States. — The election in Maine on the 14th
instant resulted in a sweeping Republican victory.
Llewellyn Powers, its candidate for Governor receiv-
ing about 50,000 plurality. Thomas B. Reed and
N. Dingley re^;elved 11,000 and 14,000 plurality re-
spectively.
The N. Y. correspondent of the Public Ledger under
date of the 14th instant, writes : " Because of the free
silver agitation 13,000 children were unable to attend
the public schools to-day. This may seem far-fetched,
and yet the connection is real. The free silver agita-
tion is the cause of the business depression. The
business depression prevented the city from selling its
bonds. This caused a lack of funds to pay the con-
tractors who are building new schools and repairing
old ones. As a consequence twelve schools were una-
ble to open to-d.ay, most of them fur the reason given,
and 13,000 children were prevented from obtaining
instruction. Just when the schools can be opened is
problematical. When the school year, which began
to-day, gets in full operation, (here will be 156 school
buildings, divided into 256 departments, with 4,-500
teachers and about 160,000 children."
The Treasury gold reserve at the close of business
on the 14th ins'tant stood at $112,578,289.
Women constitute two-thirds of all the church mem-
bers in the United States, but only one-lliirieenth of
all the criminals. Men make up twelve-thirteenths
of the criminals, and only one-third of the church
members.
Ballington Booth, of the " Volunteers," has been or-
dained as a presbyter by a Reformed Episcopal bishop
This is a radical departure from the Salvation Army
law.
A new movement has been set on foot to organize
the holders of Virginia deferred debt certificates, with
a view to re-opening negotiations for a settlement of
that part of the Virginia debt which was assigned to
V\''est Virginia on the division of the territory of Vir-
ginia.
General O. O. H.)ward, Cyrus Kehr, of Chicago, and
others are planning to establish at Cumberland Gap,
Tenn., an institution to be known as the " Lincoln Me-
morial University," in honor of Abraham Lincoln.
In addition to the" regular college course, it will have
a complete technological school.
The rice receipts at Savannah are reported to be
quite large for this season of the year. The crop is
said to be a month earlier than last year.
Dennis Brown, of Lancaster, Kv., may be the oldest
colored man in the country. He claims to be 115,
and still works as a shoemaker.
Deaths in this city last week numbered 385, which
is 23 more than the previous week and 13 less than the
corresponding week of 1895. Of the whole number
201 were males and 184 females: 43 died of consump-
tion ; 40 of pneumonia; 31 of marasmus ; 24 of heart
disease; 18 of cholera infantum; 17 of inflammation
of the stomach and bowels; 16 of inflammalion of the
brain ; 15 of diphtheria; 14 of inanition ; 13 from cas-
ualties ; 12 of nephritis; 12 of old age; 10 of cancer,
and 10 of convulsions.
Markets, &c.— U. S. 2's, 91 a 93 ; 4's, reg., 106 a
107; coupon, 107 a 108; 4's, new, 115i a 116; 5's,
110} a llOJ; currency 6's, 100 a 105.
Cotton was weak, and official quotations were re-
duced Jc. to 8|c. per pound for middling uplands.
Feed.— Winter bran in bulk, quoted $7.50 a §9.50,
and spring do., in sacks, at $8.25 a $9.50 per ton.
Flour. — Winter super, $1.90 a $2.1-5; do., extras,
$2.15 a $2.30 ; Pennsylvania roller, clear, $2.75 a $3.00 ;
do., do., straight, $3.00 a $3.25 ; Western winter, clear,
$2.75 a $3.00; do., do., straight, $3.00 a $3.25; do.,
do., patent, $3.35 a $3.55 ; spring, clear, $2.50 a $2.75 ;
do., straight, $3.00 a $3.25 ; do., patent, $3..S5 a $3.55 ;
do., favorite brands, higher. City mills, extra, $2.00
a $2.25; do., clear, $2.75 a $3.00; do., straight, $3.00
a $3 26 ; do., patent, $3.40 a $3.75. Rye Flour.—
$2.25 to 2 40 per barrel for choice Pennsylvania.
Grain. — No. 2 red wheat, 62 a 62i^c.
No. 2 mixed corn, 25^ a 26c.
No. 2 white oats, 23J a 24^c.
Beep Cattle. — Extra, 4J a 4f ; good, 4J a 4|c.;
medium, 4 a 4Jc.; common, 3} a ofc.
Sheep and Lambs. — Extra, 3Jc.; good, 3} a 3.!c.;
medium, 2\ a 3c.; common, 2} a 2Jc.; culls, 1 a 2c.;
lamlis, 3 a 5c.
Hogs. — Western, 5J- a 5Jc. ; State, 4J a .5c.
Foreign. — P. J. Tynan, the notorious "No. 1" of
the Irish Invincibles, who was so frequently men-
tioned during the trial of the persons charged with
ihe Phcenix Park murders, was arrested in Boulogne,
France, on the 13th inst. The warrant was issued in
1882. Tynan is also charged with being concerned in
the manufacture of dynamite bombs for use in Eng-
land.
A London dispatch to the Ledger of the 14, says, "To-
night a story is made public which lays bare one of
the foulest conspiracies ever entered into by civilized
beings. The aclual arrests of Tynan in Boulogne, Bell
in Glasgow and Haines and Kearney in Antwerp,
merely raises the curtain on the first act of the start-
ling drama of attempted wholesale murder. It can
be stated positively that the police are already in pos-
session of information showing that the plans of the
conspirators included the murder of Queen Victoria
and the Czar at Balmoral, and the destruction of the
public buildings at London, Paris and Liverpool."
"A new branch of jurisprudence," says the London
Telegraph, "is arising out of the bicycle boom, deal-
ing with collisions of velocipedists between them-
selves and with vehicles of a solid description. So-
licitors who take it up must either be bicyclists them-
selves or 'read up' in the technicalities of the trade,
and there is every prospect that they will reap a rich
harvest, for the number of cycle collision cases at the
county courts and before other tribunals is increasing
with amazing rapidity."
A dispatch from Madrid of the 9th inst., says, "A
Cabinet council was held this morning, at which Ad-
miral Beranger, Minister of Marine, demanded a
credit of 35,000,000 pesetas for the purpose of defray-
ing the expenses of prosecuting the war in Cuba for
the month of September."
Twenty-five thousand additional men are to be or-
ganized in Spain for service in Cuba, in addition to
the 40,000 troops to be embarked for that island aboni
Tenth Month.
Dr. Nansen and his Arctic exploring parly on tht
Fram were given a national reception upon their re-
turn to Christiana on the 8th instant. King Oscai
conferred upon Dr. Nansen the decoration of th(
Grand Cross of St. Olaf.
Luigi Palmieri, the Italian meteorologist, is dead
aged eighty-nine years.
It is stated that developments of the most acutt
nature are near at hand in Turkey, but that they an
not likely to manife-it themselves until the Czar's re
turn to St. Petersburg,
An Athens dispatch says that, in consequence of thi
receipt of a perenptory British note, the Sultan o
Turkey has issued an irade ordering that the expul
sion of Armenians from Constantinople be stopped.
According to a Constantinople dispatch of the lltl
instant, an Armenian bomb factory was discovered b;
the police the previous day located underneath th"
Armenian Church, near the Kassim Pasha Cemetery
From the factory a long tunnel had been excavatei
in the direction of the Government powder magazine
the intention obviously having been to undermine th
magazine and blow it up.
Argentina means to get ahead of the Europeai
Powers in taking possession of the South Shetlam
Islands, on the edge of the Antartic Continent. Ai
expedition will be sent out for the purpose in Twelftl
Month next. The islands may possibly be of some us
as a sealing and whaling station.
A Vancouver dispatch says a company has beei
formed in London, with a capital of $500,000, to buil(
a marine railway and carry on a ship-building yan
in Vancouver.
RECEIPTS.
Unless otherwise speciSed, two doll.irs have been re-
ceived from each person, paying for vol. 70.
Thomas S. Pike, N. J.; Henry B. Leeds, Agent, li
J., for William B. Haines, Margaret C. Venable am
Amos .\shead ; Joseph Pennell and Elizabeth C. Yai
nail, Pa.; Susanna E. Chambers, Pa., to No. 27, vo
71 ; James Davis, Pa.; Elwood Comfort, Mich.; Sam
uel W. Moore, Gtn.; Lindley H. Bedell, Phila.; A. i
Smith, Agent, Kansas, for Andrew Hinshaw; Ann
P. Sharpless, M. D., Phila.; Wm. C. Ivins and fo '
Lewis Toft, N. J.; Thomas A. Wood, Agent, Ohio, $j
for himself, Jonathan Brown and Joseph Vaughn '
Parker Hall, Agent, Ohio, for William Atkinson
Emma Jones, Phila.; Rowland Evans, Pa.. $4 ; Ira . j
Parker, Pa.; Anna Eastburn Willils, N. J.; EUi j
Haines, Pa.; Hannah B. Horn, Ind.; Rezin Thomf !
son, la.; J. W. Garwood, Agent, la., for John Wi I
liams ; Susan J. Paxson, Pa.; Jane G. Smrdlev, Pa
Sarah C. Roberts, Pa.; Emilie E. Lippincolt,' N. J
Jonathan Eldridge, Pa., and for Mary Eldridge, $
to No. 27, vol. 70; Samuel L. Moore, Phila.; Josep
Cartland, Mass.; George Schill, Pa.; Francis \Voo<
N. J., to No. 9, vol. 71 ; William Kite, Gtn., and "
William Kite, Jr.; John E. Darnell, N. J.
B^' Remittances received after Third-day evenii>g m
not appear in Ike Receipts until the following week.
NOTICES.
Friends' Select School will re-open Ninth M<.
21st. The Superintendent will be at his office to ri
ceive applications or to confer with patrons each da
during the two weeks preceding the opening, from te
until one o'clock. For information by mail addre:
J. Henry Bartlett, Sup't.,
140 N. Sixteenth St.
Reduced rates to Ohio Yearly Meeting, via Bait
more and Ohio Railroad. Friends desiring to atten
Ohio Yearly Meeting can go and return for one fai
and a third, or $15.47. Tickets sold from Nint
Month llth to Ninth Month 30th, inclusive, and wi
be good until Tenth Month 15th, 1896, inclusive. F(
tickets call at 833 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, P
For further information call or address
Thomas C. Hogue,
We=t Chester, Pa.
Died, at her home, near Mount Gilead, Morro
County, Ohio, after one week's illness, Eliz.a Stoci
in her eighty-seventh year, a member of Middleti
Monthly Meeting, Columbiana County. She was
firm and consistent Friend, and we believe her eu
was in peace.
WILLIAM H. PILE'S SONS, PRINTERS,
No. 422 Walnut Street.
THE FRIEND.
A Religious and Literaiy Journa].
VOL. LXX.
SEVENl'H-DAY, NINTH MONTH 20, 1896.
No. 10.
PUBLISHED WEEKLY.
Price, if paid in advance, $2.00 per annum.
payments and businesi communicatU
received by
Edwin P. Sellew, Pcbusher,
No. 207 \Val>-ut Place,
Siutb from Walnut Street, between Third and Fourth,;
PHILADELPHIA.
Articles designed for Insertion to be addressed to
JOSEPH WALTON,
MOOKESTOWN, BuELtNGTON CO., N. J.
entered as second-class matter at Philadelphia P. O.
iary and Letters of Deborah Brooks Webb.
(Continued from page 60.)
I 1854.— Eleventh Mo. 18th.— Last ThirJ-day
'as Quarterly Meeting at Concord. John W.
Tatum first spoke: "Oh, wretched man that
) am, who shall deliver me from the body of
his death." We must come unto our Saviour
[a faith and be willing to say, " Here am I, do
Into me as seemest thee good ; form and fashion
pe according to thy will." Dear H. Warner said,
I Like as a father pitieth his children, so the Lord
iitieth them that fear Him," addressing a mind
^at felt the weight of sins and transgressions, as
;. thick cloud, resting upon them, saying, " My
ins are more than I can number," but leading
'hem to look to the Saviour : " Though your sins
IB as scarlet they shall be as white as snow ;
'hough they be red like crimson, they shall be
jphite as wool." Then dear Abigail Williams
(aid, "Suffer little children to come unto me,
tod forbid them not." Let none do anything
|0 hinder his great work, which is begun in the
learts of these little ones. The language in my
lar was, " go and sin no more, lest a worse
hing come unto thee," and how, oh, my soul,
last thou kept thyself since, unspotted ? No,
iurely I have sinned, but I mean to try.
Eleventh Month 26!h. — Thou, oh. Heavenly
Father, hast begun the work in my heart, and
jan carry it on. Be pleased to do it, through
,he merits of thy dear Son ; be pleased to ena-
ole me sometimes to sing on the banks of deliv-
irance from all ray sins; enable me to take up
Vne daily cross. Oh ! be pleased to hear dear
jH. Gibbons' prayer offered to-day and answer
>t. Be pleased to grant strength and lead me
» the Saviour, I beseech of thee, most merciful
Heavenly Father.
Twelfth Mouth 3rd. — Last Fourth-day was
Monthly Meeting at Birmingham. Walked part
9f the way. First meeting silent; in the last
dear Hannah Gibbons quoted the text, " Then
they that feared the Lord spake often one to
another, aud the Lord hearkened and heard it,
and a book of remembrance was written bef >re
'him for those that feared the Lord and thought
upon his name," desiring her young friends
might be of those who loved to think upon his
name. Then dear Mary Kite spoke of the
death of M. Parke, quoting the passage, " Be
ye also ready, for in such an hour as ye think
not the Son of man cometh."
17th. Was at our meeting and s{)oke,
" If in this world only we have hope in Christ, we
art of all men most miserable." We must be
obedient to the inteaching voice in order to
become fit for a better state of existence. Be
born again, regenerated. I felt I was indeed
yet a child of wralh instead of a child of God.
Oh ! most merciful Saviour, how long shall I
offend against my God. Oh ! strengthen me to
give up. I almost despair of ever doing it. Be
pleased to forgive ray p;ist disobedience, and
strengthen me this week to live more in the
cross.
31st. — This is the last day of the old year,
and sad indeed it feels to think I have made so
little progress in the Christian's highway. Oh,
that the following year may be marked with
greater dedication to the best and most merci-
ful of Masters. He is worthy ; He is so merci-
ful and forgiving to poor sinful me. Have I
lived any better this past week. I think a little
more giving up; for this little I thank thee.
Heavenly Father, and wilt thou be pleased, for
the sake of thy dear Son, to grant me strength
to resist temptation the coming week. We had
a silent meeting to-day, but on Fourth-day was
our Monthly Meeting ; Samuel Cope and Eliz i-
beth and Hannah Warner were there. H. W.
spoke first, encouraging to trust and rely upon
our Saviour; then S. C. quoted " Have salt in
yourselves, and be at peace one with another.
Have his g.-ace to rule in us. It was so good ;
all things are possible with God. In the second
meeting, H. Warner again spoke to the young,
desiring that some in an especial manner might
be willing to appear as fools in the eyes of the
world.
1855.— First Month 14th.— The fruits of the
spirit are love, joy, peace, long suffering, meek-
ness, gentleness, temperance ; now in which of
these am I perfect? None. 1 must try more to
submit to the cro.ss of Christ, which will make
me humble ; then I can feel joy and peace ; then
my heart will not have cross feelings to con-
tend with, but love and kindness to all. Am I
as patient and long suffering as I should be, in
school. Oh that I could be faithful there. I
try. but I know I cannot do as much good as if
I did more entirely live under the cross, under
the quickening influence of the Good Spirit.
One week ago last Fifth-day, Samuel Bettle, Jr.,
was at our meeting and spoke, commencing with
"Come and see a man who told me all things
that ever I did," recommending us to wait sol-
emnly before the Lord, particularly when hum-
bled under a sense of our manifold transgres-
sions; it wa.s through his continued mercy that
we were enabled to see our sins. He, by his
spirit, sets them in the light before us, and
knows when we have only strength to say, '* God
be merciful to me, a sinner."
To-daj' commenced wi'h," It seemed with
him to revive the salutary caution, " Agree with
thine adversary quickly, while thou art in the
way with him, lest at any lime the adversary
deliver thee to the judge, and the judge deliver
thee to the officer, and thou be cast into prison,"
taking it first in a worldly view, saying how
many estates were wasted for want of a little
acknowledgment on the part of one, a little
owning of a fault; then in a spiritual ^ense say-
ing that though our Saviour might not be called
an adversary, yet as long as we remained in a
state of sill. He was averse to us. We should
humble ourselves and acknowledge our sins to
Him, that He might reconcile us to our Heav-
enly Father, and we might have peace and
union with Him. For God was in Christ, rec-
onciling the world unto himself. The day of
visitation had long been extended to some of
us, but we must not pre.-umc u[)on his mercy,
we know not how long imr time here might be.
Be humble enough to confess our sins to Him,
and ask forgiveiies-s and give diligence to make
our calling and electinu sure. That when called
to render up our accounts we may do it "with
joy and not with grief."
Second Month 4th. — Two weeks ago last
Fifth-day, dear friend Gibbons spoke to the
comforting of some conflicting minds. " He
never said to the wrestling seed of Jacob, seek
ve my face in vain." Last Fourth-day was our
Monthly Meeting at Birmingham. A. Wil-
liams and W. Scattergood were there. First
William spoke very excellently, I thought.
His raind was ofted bowed in mourning for the
trials and besetments of our poor Society, aud
he doubted not, there were many present who
were often bowed down in mourning over tlieir
own and the Church's deficiencies. These he
wouhl encourage, " Blessed are they that mourn,
for they shall be comforted." Some were tried
with a sense of desertion of the Holy Spirit,
others were disappointed in their pursuits in
life, but it was all for our good to bring us low,
that we might tell of his merciful dealings to
others. Closing with, " Blessed are they that
hunger and thirst after righteousness, for they
shall be filled." This last is so sweet to think
of Abby commenced with, " Arise and eat,
because the journey is too great for thee."
Though we might have much trouble, even
floods of affliction, yet we must be encoumged.
18th. — Last First-day dear annt Mary Kite
came up here to see Anne with N. K's wife, also
A. and S. Sharpless. In a little quiet sitting
she spoke so kindly to Anne, and then a few
words to poor undeserving me, to follow in the
way cast up before me, looking unto Jesus the
Author and Finisher of the soul's salvation.
Oh ! if I only could deny myself.
Last Third-day was our Quarterly Meeting ;
so good to me. First Wm. Kite spoke, more
lengthy than usual, speaking of the prodigal
son ; next William Scattergood, much in the
same way very feelingly. Some were enabled
to see the beauty of holiness, and earnestly de-
sired peace and happiness, but the hard con-
flicts ahead almost caused them to dread to
commence in the narrow way. Jesus will
strengthen and helj) if we come unto Him. In
the last meeting dear A, Williams said, " Except
74
THE FRIEND.
Ninth Mo. 26, 189('
your j'ounger brother be with you, ye shall not
see luy face," referring it to the young people,
they were keeping back something. " Bring
all the tithes into the store-house, that there
may be meat in mine house, and prove me now
herewith saith the Lord of Hosts, if I will not
open you the windows of heaven and pour you
out a blessing, that there shall not be room
enough to receive it." Oh, that I could have the
Lord's blessing; a covering of his Spirit.
To day spoke so kindly. Oh ! if I were
only one of the sincere, seeking ones, that I could
take encouragement, and believe that I shall
ever be safe from my sins. " We must believe and
be baptized," be baptized with fire. " Whose fan
is in hand," etc. He would change our sinful
hearts, not sprinkling with water, but cleansing
the actions. " Not the putting away the filth of
the flesh, but the answer of a good conscience
toward God." If ye then being evil know how
to give good gifts unto your children, how much
more will your Heavenly Father give his Holy
Spirit to them that ask Him. By submitting
to this baptism, we may be cleansed, we can be
enabled to feel joy and peace ; we can sing on
the banks of deliverance. Be pleased. Heav-
enly Father, for the sake of Jesus, thy precious
Sori, to strengthen me to resist temptation.
" Looking unto Jesus, the Author and Fin-
isher of the saint's faith."
25th. spoke. It is expressly said in
Holy Writ, " The soul that sins shall be cut
off, the wages of sin is death," cut off from spir-
itual communion with God. Our first parents
sinned and were driven out of the garden, and
cherubims and a flaming sword kept the way,
so that they could not enter, and through them
we all have a propensity to sin ; but God loved
the world so much that He sent his Son, and if
we follow his teachings, this bar or hindrance
to spiritual communion, the flaming sword, and
the cherubims will be removed, and we can en-
joy eating of the tree of life, for it is said, " Him
that overcometh shall have a right to the tree
of life." If we do not follow the prescription of
the Great Physician we must not expect to be
cured of our spiritual maladies. I will try to
follow Him with a dedicated heart.
Third Mouth 18th.— Last Fifth-day dear H.
G. supplicated so feelingly for us, " As the hart
panteth after the water brooks, so panteth our
souls after thee, oh God." Then for the young,
that He v.ould enable them, with Holy mag-
nanimity to say, " Be thou the potter and we
the clay ; form and fashion us according to thy
will, that so there may be testimony bearers
raised up in this place.
To-day, dear said, "The wind bloweth
where it listeth, and thou hearest the sound
thereof, but cannot tell whence it cometh or
whither it goeth." So is evf^ry one that is born
of the Spirit. The Christian has seasons of
spiritual desertion. Our Saviour cried out on
the cross, " My God, my God, why hast thou
forsaken me?" " The messenger whom ye seek
shall suddenly come into his Holy temple, even
the messenger of the covenant of peace whom
your souls delight in." I was afraid this was not
for me, but if I can only walk free from sin
how glad I shall be.
(To be cotHlnued.)
length, that affords a favorite resting-place to
the sea-otter. This plant is found on the north-
west coast of America and the opposite shores
of Asia. The filiform stem, which is about as
thick as packthread, suddenly swells above,
when two or three feet long, into a globose
bladder, from the top of which springs a tuft
of germinate leaves, mostly rising on five peti-
oles. As the plant grows older, the stem in-
creases enormously in length, but only slightly
in thickness. The globose bladder swells into
a turnip-shaped or retort-like cylinder six feet
long and four feet six inches or more iu diame-
ter in the widest part, the lower extremity
gradually passing into the stem. The leaves,
which at first were marked with a few faint
nerves, split in the direction of the latter, cover
a wide space by their entangled mass, and attain
a length of thirty feet or more. When the
plant grows in any quantity it forms large float-
ing islands, and the surface of the sea becomes
impassable to boats. The stem, when dry, is
employed by the Aleutians for fishing-lines,
some of which have a length of forty or more
fathoms. The large bladders are u.sed by the
same people as syphons for pumping water out
of their boats. — Fishing Gazette.
A Remarkable Sea-weed. — One of the
most remarkable sea-weeds is the Nereocystis,
the stem of which occasionally attains a length
of three hundred feet, though extremely slen-
der, even at the top, where it is surmounted by
a huge floating bladder, six or seven feet in
Radnor Monthly Meeting.
CConcluded from page 68.)
In a number of cases mention is made of dif-
ferent members of the meeting bringing to it
for record, accounts of their birth-places and
convincement and other remarkable passages of
their lives. This also extended to their ch"
dren, servants and families, and was done
accordance with the advice of the Preparative
Meeting.
Frequent references are made to repairing
the meeting-house at Merion. In the Twelfth
Month, 1703, mention is made of a subscription
" towards building the addition to the meeting-
house," and there are a number of minutes re-
ferring to the digging of stone "to build a
meeting-house."
In connection with Merion meeting-house, it
seems suitable here to refer to the existence of
a document preserved in the Record Room of
Friends' Library, which has an important bear-
ing upon the date at which the present build-
ing was erected, or at least when a very exten-
sive addition was made to it, if it was not all
erected at one time. This is a paper which
pears to be the original accounts kept by .John
Roberts of subscriptions toward the building
and sums paid for workmanship and materials
The earliest date is 1712-13, and the latest
Fourth Month 10th, 1717. The document
in a dilapidated condition, having four large
holes burnt in it and some of the edges torn.
This makes it impossible to obtain from it all
the information it originally contained, but the
most important points can be clearly made out
On Sixth Month 6th, 1713, the ccmtributions
toward the construction ofthe building amounted
to £179 15s. (of which £36 19s. 7^d. was un-
paid). The diflerent contributions are given in
detail. Thus Haverford Meeting gave £16 2s.;
Robert Evan, £9 10s.; Robert David, £4 4s.;
John Roberts, £5. There is one subscription of
£6 18s. and another of £17 Ss., but the names
of the donors are burnt out, and there are many
subscriptions of smaller sums. The payments
for construction include £47 10s. 7}d. to John
Knowles for carpenter work, £27 8s. lOd. to
Richard Jones for sawing, £111 6s. 2^d. for nails,
£25 lOs. 2d. to Edward Rees for sundries, 14 s
8d. for hinges, and many other items of variou
amounts.
We now return to the minutes of the Monthl
Meeting. In the Eighth Month, 1713, the fo
lowing minute appears: " Merion Friends hav
ing proposed to have some money that
formerly lent to Rees Howell, which is £5, ol '
currency. Four pounds thereof belonged t
Merion Friends. Also £10 that was lent to J(
seph Evans, which is now at interest. This meei
ing agrees that Merion Friends shall have tb
money lent to Rees Howell and Joseph Evan i
towards finishing their meeting-house."
The age of the ancient meeting-house at Mei
ion has been the subject of much inquiry. 1
has in one end a stone placed there in 1828, o
which is the date 1695. It is possible a part{
the building may have been erected as early t
that, but the probabilities are that it was bui
in two sections, one of them in 1703 and th
other about 1713.
In 1717 a curiouscase came before the Monthl
Meeting in relation to proposal of marriage b
Hugh Evan and Lowrey Loyd, which was ol
jected to by some Friends, on the ground of hi
"ing " of too near afiinity." The relationship
given as " a deceased wife's mother's sister
daughter." In other words, a deceased \\
first cousin. The objection was certain!)'
fetched. It is perhaps needless to add tha
although the case went to the Quarterly Mee
ing, the marriage was allowed.
A movement toward building a new meeting
house at Radnor is interestingly referred to i
the following minute of the Monthly Meetin
held tenth of Eighth Month, 1717: "A le
ter from our friend Benjamin Holme to th
meeting, recommending to their cousideratio
the stirring up of Friends in the building
their meeting-house at Radnor, and with desirt
that we should be concerned for the prosperit
of Truth, was read in this meeting and approve
of Likewise, this meeting, pursuant to Radnc
Friends' desires, acquiesce with them in builc
ing a new meeting-house, and this meeting a)
points David Morris [and others] to assist i
the contrivance ofthe building thereof."
The month following the subject is furtht
referred to. " Some of the friends of those a|
pointed to assist Radnor Friends in the coi j
trivance of a new meeting-house there, givj
account that they have accordingly met an|
given them their thoughts as to the bigness an i
form thereof, to which Radnor Friends the'
there present seemed generally to agree with.:
This meeting-house was partially constructed i ,
the Ninth Month, 1718, but the work apjDeaij
to have flagged, for it was not entirely finishe
as late as the Fourth Month, 1721, or at leaf|
not paid for, as a committee was then appoint* i
to obtain contributions for the work. 8om'
indebtedness still remained as late as the Fift !
Month, 1723.
At the Monthly Meeting in the Ninth Monti
1717, a minute was adopted indicating that tb
solemnization of marriages at private houses w»
a common occurrence, and that it was necessar
to have some regulations relative thereto. ]i
says, "Pursuant to a certain advice of th'
Yearly Meeting, it is by this meeting reminde-
and advised that no marriages bo accomplishe
in any other place than at the meeting-hous<
without first letting the Monthly Meeting whert
in the parties have their liberty of proceeilia,!
know thereof, and such to do according to thai;
order, and not otherwise. That all inconvenij
ency at any time arising from such marriage j
performed in private houses may be avoided. !
THE FRIEND.
'riie tollowing interesting minute occurs un-
-1- .hite of fourteenth of Fifth Month, 1720^
WliiTcas, it having been heretofore sigui-
■<l ['.> the respective Monthly Meetings of
avi iford and Gwynedd that our deceased
ion. I, Ellis Pugh, in the time of his long sick-
>.-, had composed divers religious points con-
iiml in a few sheets accommodated to the
iilerstanding of illiterate, mean people, which
■ eamejtly desired might he published in the
riti.-^li t(jngue and sent to his native country,
; Fi lends might see service. And twelve
rieriiis of each meeting having been appointed
) peruse and consider the contents of the said
leets, did report their unity and satisfaction
jierewith. Therefore, they are recommended
') your consideration, earnestly requesting that
,ie same may be printed, with what espedi-
|on you may think tit."
An evidence of the struggle with the difKcul-
les in marriage arrangements which has marked
lany periods of the Society's history is found
ii a minute of the Fifth Month, 1722, when the
Epreseutatives to the Quarterly Meeting were
structed to report tiiat the meeting was " un-
[er a concern that our discipline may be kept
[), and that they propose to the said meeting
[hether it is necessary to disown such persons
s go to tlie priest to marry, or only advise them,
pd that their going out to marry is sufficient
i) declare them out of unity."
It would appear that it was the practice in
.lis Monthly Meeting to send pecuniary aid to
[ther meetings for building meeting-houses,
j'hus we have references, about this time, to
Dntributions being given toward such buildings
t Shrewsbury and Horsham.
Some difficulties appear to have existed in the
lonthly Meeting in 1726, as the representa-
i ves to the Quarterly Meeting were instructed
') repdrt " That things amongst us is not as well
s we could desire, but a remnant hopes to ob-
lin the victory." The character of these diffi-
jultiesis not mentioned, but they probably were
iue to some dispute which had occurred lietween
wo of tlieir members, in which the Monthly
'leeting interfered. It ultimately reached the
Quarterly Meeting, which decided that it was
ot a case in which the former meeting had any
Ight to meddle.
In the Eleventh Month, 1729, we have the
^llowing minute, " Richard Harrison's certifi-
cate from the Monthly Meeting of Friends on
he Clif'ts in Maryland, indorsed by the Monthly
'leeting of Philadelphia, the twenty-eighth of
finth Month last" [was received]. As has
leretofore been stated, Richard Harrison had,
n 1719, purchased Rowland Ellis' plantation
Q Merion, and he must have been a long time
esident there when his certificate was received.
3e married Hannah Norri.s, a daughter of
saac Norris, and grand-daughter of Governor
-iloyd. Born in Jlaryland, in the midst of a
obacco raising country, he had been an exten-
ive planter there, owning many slaves. Upon
lis removal to Pennsylvania, he brought his
laves with him, and resumed the cultivation of
obacco, which was sent to the Philadelphia
aarket in hogsheads. Through the centre of
bese an axle was placed, and to the projecting
nds shafts were attached, and thus the hogs-
leads I hemsel ves took the place of wheels. This
irimitive method of transportation is said still
0 be in use in some parts of Maryland.
Richard Harrison's wife was a minister. She
irought her certificate to Radnor Monthlv
fleeting in the Eleventh Month, 1733. Richard
lied in 1747. One of his daughters married I
Charles Thomson, Secretary of the Continental
Congress.
Richard Harrison, soon after his removal to
Merion, established a family burying-ground on
his plantation, and erected a school-house ad-
joining. The burial-ground known as Ilarriton
Family Cemetery still exists. It is enclosed
with a .-itone wall. The school-house disappeared
many years since, though its foundation can
still be traced. This interesting spot, surrounded
by aged forest trees, is about half a mile from
Bryn Mawr Station, on the Pennsylvania Rail-
road.
The following minute appears under date of
Eleventh Month 14th, 1730, "It is propo.-sed,
on behalf of Richard Harrison and some other
Friends, that they have liberty to keep a meeting
on the Fir^t days, for this winter season, at the
said Richard's Sciiool-house, which this meeting
allows them until the next S()ring Yearly Meet-
ing." Further permission for this meeting was
subsequently given, and in the First Month,
1732, the meeting took additional action, which
is thus recorded, " Richard Harrison and some
other Friends signified to this meeting in writ-
ing that the meeting appointed last Seventh
Month to be kept at the said Richard Harri-
son'sschool-house, was duly and religiously kept,
and further requesting to be admitted to keep
an afternoon meeting in the said place, from
the spring meeting in this month until the
Yearly Meeting in the Seventh Month next,
which is allowed of and to begin at four
o'clock."
As late as 1759, a committee was " appointed
to make inquiry into the circumstances of the
meeting at Harrisons." This committee reported
that some Friends met them, and that the widow
Harrison seemed desirous to have it continued.
This was granted, and the meeting was there-
after held at four o'clock in the afternoon. The
Harrison family, however, removed from the
neighborhood soon afterwards, and the meeting
was finally discontinued.
In the Eleventh and Twelfth Month, 1730,
committees were appointed to meet with the
Valley Friends, "in order to pitch upon a con-
venient place to build a meeting-house," and in
the First Month fidlowing it was decided " to
build a meeting-house for religious worship at
the graveyard near Lewis Walker, deceased,
which was left by the said Lewis, by his last
will, for that purpose."
I have embraced in this paper the most in-
teresting circumstances disclosed in the early-
minutes of the meetings within the limits of
Radnor Monthly I^Ieeting, adding some fiicts
from other sources. After about 1730, the min-
utes become more common place, and do not
furnish incidents of much historical interest.
A Severe but Just Sentence. — There
seems to be a disposition on the part of the offi-
cials in charge to tone up the morality of the
marine service of the government. Some time
ago, the captain of one of the revenue cutters
was charged with drunkenness by his brother
officers and placed on trial. The report of the
Trial Board, which has just been maile known,
recommends that the offending officer, who has
been in the service thirty years, " be dropped to
the foot of the list of captains of the revenue
cutter service, and that he retain that place
hereafter, he be suspended from rank and rep-
rimanded by the reading of this order on board
all vessels of the revenue cutter service by the
commanding officer of each at a muster of the
commissioned officers, and admonished that, if
again found guilty of the excessive use of in-
toxicants during the term of his sentence or
thereafter, whether afloat or ashore, he will be
summarily dismissed from the service.
From "The Ai'STBALiAS Fkibnd.'
" Our religious principles are not based on
George Fox, though he expounded them, nor
on Robert Barclay, though he systematized
them, and defended them, but on Jesus Christ
our Lord, and on his inspired Apostles, whose
teaching and testimony are left for our instruc-
tion and guidance in the New Testanient. We
find ourselves separatists, mU because we wish
to dissent or to be singular, but because we find
the great bulk of professing Cliri.-tians have
built up a religious system by gradual devel-
opments in the third, fourth and fifth centuries
of our era and later on, which is a strange mix-
ture of the old dispensation and the new dis-
pensation, of Christianity and Judaism. While
nominally the foundation is Christ, the expound-
ers of his teaching are " the early fathers,"
rather than the Apostles. And in this way and
by this means, we are presented with a profes-
sion of Christianity which is not the Christianity
of the New Testament which we read and ac-
cept, in its purity and simplicity, but a sacer-
dotal system, the origin and defence of which
must be looked for in the writings of the so-
called " fathers." We have, therefore, in the
Christian Church the contradiction of white-
robed priests, professing to dispense spiritual
gifts, acting as mediators between God and man,
and in these capacities receiving confessions and
pronouncing absolutions. We have outward
ordinances and dead formalisms. And though
the more enlightened of our fellow-Christians
reject much of this mixture of Judaism and
Christianity, they are mostly entangled with
ordinances and with the dictum of Church
councils, or prelates, that war and oaths are
lawful for the Christian, though contrary to
the spirit and the teaching of Christ and his
Apostles. Making " the word of God of none
effect through their traditions."
" We as a religious people, are only nick-
named Quakers. We might correctly be called
' NewCovenanters.' Aiming to live under, and in
genuine accordance with, the spirit of that new
dispensation, to supersede the old, which our
Saviour called the kingdom of God, the king-
dom of righteousness and peace, which He
promised should come, and which did come, at
the day of Pentecost, by the endowment of
power from on high. As Friends, there is no
mystery about our religious profession. George
Fox brought in nothing new, he pretended to
nothing new, but under the enlightening pow-
er of the Holy Spirit, his mind swept away
the accumulated rubbish that had gathered
and been heaped on spiritual religion, and
he went straight back to the bed-rock of a liv-
ing Christianity divested of priestly preten-
sions, of typical rites and of ceremonies, of man-
made inventions and man-made doctrines. He
and the early Friends would have none of them.
They knew where they came from, and by whom
they were concocted and promulgated. And
they knew for what end — to bring the so-called
"laity" into spiritual bondage.
" The fundamental principle of all true reli-
gion is that " God is a Spirit, and they that wor-
ship Him must worship Him in spirit and in
truth" (in realityX The spirit of man needs as
the all essential thing, union with, communion
with, the Spirit of his God and Father, through
Christ, the way. Types, symbolic performances
76
THE FRIEND.
Ninth Mo. 26,
and outward ordinances are beside the mark.
They are out of court. A man may attend to,
or perform all such things and gain nothing.
The Holy Spirit of Gud, through Christ, the one
only Mediator, operates on the spirit of man,
and he is changed, saved, restored to his Father's
house, to the enjoyment of his Father's love.
This is spiritual religion, this is genuine Chris-
tianity. And herein is all the mystery there is
in the religion of the Friends."
Lights and Shadows of Port Royal.
A few miles westward from the city of Paris
" on the road to Chevreuse," as the chronicles
say, lies a certain valley, in which two centu-
ries ago occurred some of the most interesting
events in the annals of the Church. It is a spot
celebrated in religious history as having been
the earthly " zion " of a people whose faith is
compared to "a fountain of sweet waters in the
midst of a brackish sea ;" whose memory is de-
clared to be " in benediction ;" and whose work
in "everlasting remembrance." This place was
once known as Port Royal ; and its monastic
community of both men and women obtained,
during the seventeenth century, a fame through-
out France, not only for purity of life and de-
votion to religion, but for a fearless and stead-
fast adherence to the rights of conscience when
those rights were invaded by the unscrupulous
tyranny of the Jesuits and of the Romish See.
So conspicuous was this perseverance among the
Port Royal women, that it obtained for them
from Perefise, the persecuting Archbishop of
Paris, the ejaculation — " Pure as angels, and
proud as devils!"
As a preliminary to the further study of Port
Royal, its history may be briefly outlined as
follows : The monastery was founded early in
the thirteenth century by Mathilde de Gar-
lande (wife of a crusader of the house of Mout-
morence), aided by her kinsman, the Bishop of
Paris. The community of women soon estab-
lished there, belonged to the Cistercian order,
and followed the " rule" of St. Bernard. The
name of Port Royal was probably derived from
Foii-ois, which means a low, marshy, brambly
ground ; and such appears to have been the
place chosen for the location fif this monastery.
There seems to be little in its history to claim
our time and interest before the early part of
the seventeenth century, when the justly famed
and honorable abbess, AngeliqueArnauld, began
her vigorous and effective reform there. We
say " reform " because by that time Port Royal,
in common with other monasteries in France,
had not only relaxed its primitive simplicity
and austerity, but had become positively worldly
though in a less reprehensible manner and de-
gree than some others. Under the wise and
conscientious government of Angelique Arnauld
Port Royal became the home of a pious and
devoted band, diligently occupied with works
of benevolence and usefulness, and with the
practice of their religious ceremonies. A com-
pany of men, similarly engaged, occupied (dur-
ing part of the time) a farm-house and some
other buildings near iiy ; but the two companies
had little communication with each other, ex-
cept by letters, some of which are amongst the
most beautiful specimens of religious literature.
About the middle of the seventeenth century
Port Royal became the object of persecution on
account of its sympathy with Cornelius Jan-
sen, whose works had been pronounced hereti-
cal. This persecution continued at intervals
throughout that century and until the year
1709, when the community was finally "dis-
persed. A few years later the buildings were
torn down and the very graveyard desecrated,
to satisfy the fury of Jesuitic hatred and re-
venge.
Having this hasty sketch before us, it now
remains to look more into the details of the his-
tory, and to glance somewhat at the remarka-
ble characters known as the Port Royalists.
It used to be said by some one that he who knew
not Port Royal, knew not humanity ; but in
these latter days, when the world is over-full of
literature, and when books of every description
are constantly before our eyes, it is small won-
der that the attention of young students and
readers is not directed to this part of human
history in particular, and that Port Royal is
somewhat out of fashion. It formed a part of
the cultui-e of an earlier generation ; yet even
young readers can hardly have failed to become
acquainted with the names of Pascal, the mathe-
matician and scientist ; Racine, the poet, drama-
tist and courtier; the Ducbesse de Longueville
perhaps, and others of the time of Louis XIII
and Louis XIV, who figure more or le.ss fre-
quently in the annals of Port Royal. Of equal
fanje at that time was the family of Arnauld,
of whom no less than eighteen were connected
with the Port Royal houses, and whose gifts of
heart and mind were among the chief orna-
ments of that illustrious community. Those
eighteen were composed of Angelique and five of
her sisters (one of whom was Mdnie. Le Maitre,
a widow), her two brothers D'Andilly and An-
toine, and her mother also after she became a
widow ; six daughters of D'Andilly, and the
three sons of Mdme. Le Maitre. These last were
known as " Le Maitre the orator, De Sericourt
the soldier, and De Saci the priest." De Saci
was for years the confessor and director of Port
Royal, and was known for his translation of the
Scriptures. There were also one or two other
persons connected with the family and of a later
generation, who joined the Port Royalists.
In those days two avenues were open to wo-
men of some social rank in France — marriage
and the convent. If a man had more daugh-
ters than he could comfortably endow with a
marriage portion, some way of disposal other
than marriage must be found for part of the
number, and this way — as in the case of An-
gelique and her sister Agnes — was found in the
monastic life. To Agnes, who had a contem-
plative and rather mystically disposed mind,
this imposition brought less hardship ; but An-
gelique, with her strong, decisive, rational char-
acter, would have fled in early life from her
honors and her obligations, had not integrity
and high moral sense prevailed over the choice
of nature.
Some of her ancestors and near relatives were
noted advocates and orators of that period, and
of good rank also as citizens, though not above
intrigues, as appears by the facts that " forged
certificates" concerning the age of Angelique
were sent to Rome by lier maternal grandfather
(and probably with the knowledge and assist-
ance of her father^ in order to secure for her
the government of Port Royal, while Agnes
was placed in charge of St. Cyr. At this so-
called "pious fraud," we are told, "the court
of France was much amused, and the court of
Rome not greatly shocked." When Angelique
had grown to womanhood, the duplicity of this
dealing (albeit she had had no part in it) trou-
bled her sensitive mind, and she realized that
under the constitution of the Cistercian order she
was not entitled to the honors thus thrust upon
her. At length, to the relief of her conscience
she succeeded (though not until near 1630) in
making the office of abbess subject to triennial
elections. By the choice of the sisterhood An-
gelique was at different times placed in that
position, and whether nominally holding it ot
not, she was (with a single painful exception yet
to be explained) always the guiding spirit, the
recognized leader and head of the house. Hers
was a nature that ruled from the simple fact
of superiority in intellect, tact and judgment;
to which were added integrity, humility gen-
erosity, tenderness, and unbounded religiouf
faith. Her biographers and all the historians
of Port Royal recognize her breadth and depth
of character, and her " largeness of heart," as i
Guizot says : so that there has come down tc, i
us one noted and notable saying of Angelique
Arnauld's — " I am of the order of all the saints i
and all the saints are of my order." What'
generosity of spirit, what understanding of fel
lowship, are set forth in these, " I am of th(
order of all the saints, and all the saints are oi
my Order!" And what experience of Chris
tian love in the words that follow: " A\.
good men and good women are rny brothen
and sisters, and it is my highest pleasure to lov(
and serve them." How far this sentiment would
have carried her beyond the pale of the Romish
church, or whether at all, one cannot say ; foi
we know the teaching of R((me on that subjecl
is to the last degree uncharitable. But we maj
believe with Frances Martin that Angelique
Arnauld " was of the order of all the saints,'
whether or not she might have acknowledged
in Barclay and Penington what they perhaps
would have felt and owned in her.
The monastic system was probably nevei
more favorably represented than at Port Royal
and yet one cannot read its history, nor pursuf
the life of the instrument of its reform, without
a sense of the hurtfulness of that system. The
impulses of the heart must be stayed ; the na
tural gifts and affections mortified; all earthlj
pleasures despised ; yet we have the satisfactioi
of beholding many times in the lives of th(
Port Royalists a practical contradiction of tlieii
theory, for their treatment of one another wa:
marked by strong and noticeable affection
Whoever reads those records — even the frieuc
and lover of Port Royal — will find his admira
tion and sympathy having high and low tides
When we read their encouraging and spiritua
counsels to one another, and their vigorous ap
peals in defense of their consciences; when w(
contemplate their industry and self .sacrifice
their perseverance and uprightness, then it ii
high tide. But when we read of their petL)
rules and humiliations; when we find that the)
saluted the image of the "Blessed Virgin;'
that the mother of the Arnaulds must rever
ence her daughters as abbesses; that Milme
Le Maitre went to confession to her own son
that there were solemn ceremonies and a pro
cession in honor of the " Holy Thorn," and ever
a miracle imputed to its virtue — then indeed /
is loiv tide. But their vision, it seems to uu
(though the figure may not be an original one^
was as when one looks through the fogs or mistt
of the morning. Some things are wholly ob
scured ; some are feebly discerned, but here ■
and there through a rift in the clouds, is the '
whole shining beauty of the landscape.
In those days, it need scarcely be remarked
the general influences were unfavorable to re
ligious growth. Extravagance and profligac}
abounded in royal circles ; pride, presumptim
and worldly ambition among ecclesiastics ; ii
religion in disguise throughout the church : si ..
S'inth Mo. 26, 1896.
THE FRIEND.
hat near the close of her eventful, earnest
ife, the mother Angelique exchiiined, " I can
carcely bear myself or others. There is none
,hat seeketh after God." In this, however,
jiiizDt says she was unjust to iier age ami to
ler friends.
We have seen that Angelique entered upon
ler life-work unwillingly. She had come to
ler office while yet a child, and there were
uauy longings after the liberty of the outside
world, up to the period of her conversion, which
jegan when she was about seventeen years of
ige. Her awakening came in part by the
sreaching of Father Basil, a Capuchin friar, who
ot long afterwards became a Protestant, but
lot until after he had stimulated and intensi-
Angelique's desire for monastic reform, and
lence increased those tendencies to austerity of
life, in which she for a time indulged. When
iier judgment became more mature, however,
3he not only relinquished some of those auster-
ities herself, but discouraged them in others ;
agreeing with St. Cyran that to attempt great
thiii^^s in that line is no mark of humility.
(Concerning retirement from the world she says :
pit is a pity to force the fruits of the Spirit by
(those unnatural, painful processes. But it is a
greater pity still not to cultivate the fruits of
jthe Spirit at all, and in our liberty to forget
ithe very object of that liberty."
I ;To be continued.)
[Extract from Yearly Meeting Minutes of 1805.
" • " • ■ ■-- - ig,,ty
TheYearlvMeeti
17{)l,under£
concern respecting the ministry, ' agreed that
there be a meeting of ministering Friends, men
and women, to be held in Philadelphia weekly
on Seventh-day about noon, and Quarterly in
the respective counties, at such time and place
las Friends immediately concerned may con-
clude on.'
"In 1714, on a proposal from two of the
Quarters concerning the appointment of Elders,
they further agreed ' That the Quarterly Meet-
ings do recommend to each Monthly Meeting
■within their respective limits, that they choose
jtwo or more Friends out of each Monthly
[Meeting, where meetings of ministers are or
ishall be held, to sit with the ministers in their
1 meetings ; taking care that the Friends chosen
for that service be prudent, solid Friends,' " etc.
From the year 1721, it appears that the Se-
lect Meetings are styled Meetings of Ministers
and Elder.', and it is remarked on the minutes
that " Friends found it expedient and necessary
to add a competent number of judicious and
faithful elders, men and women, to sit as assist-
ants with ministers in their Select Meetings, who
might better advise, caution and admonish min-
isters than each other."
And in 1740, the Yearly Meeting, in order
to remove any doubt respecting the intention of
the minute of 1714, about the appointment of
elders to sit with ministers in their meetings,
declares it as their opinion that it ought to be
considered to extend to the appointment of pru- j
dent, solid women Friends to that service, as
well as of men.
[Taken from a report to the Yearly Meeting
on the continuance of the Second-day morning
Meeting of Ministers and Elders].
In 1806, it was concluded to discontinue the
Second-day morning meeting.
In 1693, in Ireland, it was desired that the
elders and such as were thought fit by the Prov-
ince or other meetings to be concerned, may
examine among themselves how far they are
qualified for that service, and whether they are
clear and exemplary in themselves, and have a
right concern on their spirits for the service and
propagation of the l)le.<-ied Truth.
North Carolina Yearly Meeting, 1896.
" .Slaiul in awe and siu not, cmuniune wiili your own
heart and be f,ti)l."
North Carolina Representative Meeting was
held at High Point, on Third-day, the fourth
of Eighth Month, at eleven a. m. After a lime
of quiet, the Clerk, F. S. Blair, opened tiie meet-
ing and read the minutes since last year. A
plan for a new house to he built convenient to
the meeting-house was submitted, to consist of
three rooms for the ii.-*e of committees during
the Yearly Mteting, the cost to be le.ss than
two hundred dollars. One of the committee
offered to i'uruish one room. It was suggested
afterwards that the money might be had from
the (Jharleston Fund.
At three p. m. the meeting of ministry and
oversight assembled, and after several addresses
and prayers the name of L. L. Hobbs was pro-
posed to act as Clerk, the proper one beiug ab-
sent, which beiug united with, the business
proceeded, and Friends who had minutes handed
them in, amongst them there was one for A.
Hussey, Ohio, to which objection being made
because he had gone back to the ordinances,
three Friends were appointed to confer with
him, and they reported that he withdrew his
minute, after which he stood up and read from
the Bible some texts on persecution, evidently
not bearing on the subject matter at all of which
he was told in open meeting. He also continued
to read the Bible and speak in meetings as if
in unity with us. At an adjourned sitting of
this meeting the names of two women Friends
were proposed as Clerk and united with. The
condition of Rich Square Monthly Meeting
was irregularly entered on, and the name and
doings of a prominent minister there spoken
about, and a proposal made f )r a Committee to
be appointed to visit the meeting, but a Friend
from Tennessee brought up the residt of such
a proceeding in that Quarter years ago, result-
ing in the loss of a Quarterly Meeting and five
hundred to six hundred members. Several other
Friends objected, so the complaint fell through,
and Friends concluded to issue a minute of
advice, w hich can be seen in the printed minutes.
Eighth Month 5th at ten a. m., the Yearly
Meeting commenced in joint session, credentials
were read from visiting ministers and elders
present, and one for an overseer from south of
England. The Clerk proposed that it be left
to the Representatives to appoint one man and
one woman Friend from each Quarter to act as
a standing committee to submit the names of
Friends for appointments as required by the
Yearly Meeting, which being united with, was
carried out, and proved satisfactory, it gives
time to consider names which is not afforded in
the open meeting. The London General Epistle
was read, and a few others, addressed to men
and women jointly. At three p. m. Meeting for
Worship, and it may be remarked of this and
the other meetings held during the Yearly Meet-
ing, for worship and devotion, that the general
character did not come up to the loug-tstab-
lisbed and proved practice of gathering in si-
lence to wait on the Lord. The singing of
hymns by many in the body of the meeting,
joined in by and sometimes called for by some
in the minister's gallery, the reading and preach-
ing from the open Bible with notes, the calling
on the audience to hold up hands if they de-
sired to be saved, and pressing on those present
to stand up in response to queries about their
condition, and to come towards the gallery called
altar or mourner's bench, there to kneel, repeat
words as tohl, or be prayed for by others who
leave their seats and put their hands on them,
in dilierent parts of the house, causes quite a
commotion. It looks us if ministers who do so
are not willing to leave the results of their labor
to God, but want and are eager for a|)parent
returns. Few have courage to keep seated when
told by man to rise, and fewer still the intrepid-
ity and true Christian principle to stand up and
speak at the call for service, if it be to swim
against the current. Consistency is a jewel.
The Discipline of Indiana Yearly Meeting,
published in 1855, to which allusion was made
in one of our meetings, reads thus, " Our minis-
ters, even those who have an acknowledged
gift, cannot engage beforehand to preach on any
;)articuhir subject, nor to preach at all unless
they feel the power and help of the Holy Spirit
moving them thereto at the time, and then they
should speak accordingly as the Spirit gives
them utterance. Whatsoever good thing is
given forth of the good word of life is a free
gift of the Spirit, should be freely dispensed to
the people, hence our ministers can receive no
payment or salary for their ministerial services.
Friends were reminded of the Apostle's charge
to provide things honest in the sight of all men,
and that those who did not had defiled the
faith, etc. ,Vlso, that when we departed from
a waiting worship and a waiting ministry, we
might look for the handwriting on the wall.
How can we reconcile the high and holy prin-
ciples of direct Divine inspirations and teach-
ing which we profess, with the practice of sub-
stituting hymns and tunes learneil beforehand,
to be reproduced whenever called for by man,
endeavoring to control our assemblies, to be con-
strued as worship. Our President is the Lord
Jesus, to whom every knee must bow whether in
mercy or in judgment."
On the sixth, the Yearly Meeting again as-
seml)led at ten A. M. in joint session. One of
the Representatives reported tlie names agreed
on, viz: L. L. Hobbs for Presiding Clerk, with
C. Tomlinson for Writing Clerk, and G. W.
White for Reading Clerk, which being united
with they proceeded to read the Queries and
Answers received from the Quarterly Meetings,
by which it appears we had not improved much
since last year, and had gone back, in tobacco
over fifteen hundred members reported as de-
linquents, and about sixty in the use of intoxi-
cants, which .-ad slate of things elicited some
good counsel.
At two p. M. R. P. King gave a short account
of his visit to Great Britain and Ireland, South
of France, and part of Italy, to the Vaudois.
and his return minute in French was resd in
English. He particularly alluded to Irish
Friends in an encouraging manner, especiallv
to the young. The report of the evangelistic
work, so called, was read, no account being fur-
nished of the expenditure of money, over one
thousand dollars having passed through their
hands during the year. They asked for an ap-
propriation of two hundred dollars for the com-
ing year, which against some protest was granted.
Eighth Mo. 7th, ten a. m.— Joint session. — A
minute was read from New Garden Quarter on
the better development of the ministry, few of the
young are coming forward, imd it looks like a
famine of the Word ; the harvest truly is pleiite-
ous,but the laborers are few. It was quoted what
Jesus told his disciples to ]nay to the Lord of
the harvest that He would send forth laborers.
78
THE FRIEND.
Ninth Mo. -26, 1896.
we cannot command the influences of the Holy
Spirit, when reverently waited for and obeyed
if faithful in the little we shall be made rulers
over more. A letter was read from Timothy
Nicholson, requesting to have an appointment
made of Friends to attend a conference in 1897.
It was objected to ; some Friends were willing
to have four names ; it was pointed out that
our members were not sufficiently qualified to
enter the intellectual arena to contend for nov-
elties, and the query, What good our Yearly
Meeting had derived from the attendance of a
favored few, and three hundred and fifty dol-
lars expenditure for their costs and books; for
which a debt had to be contracted. However,
a committee was appointed, and they brought
in eleven names with a strong proviso that the
meeting was not to furnish any money. Out of
meeting the appointment met little favor. At
two P. M. a letter was read from the Secretary
of the Board of State charities as to criminals
in jails, etc., offering an opportunity for con-
cerned Friends to labor, which met full re-
spouse.
The ninth annual report of the Blue Ridge
Mission reported favorably of it, and asked for
two hundred dollars to help for next year.
Remarks were made as to the large amount of
labor and expemliture made in the locality; in
other parts of the State, presumably as needy,
with members, many of whom were as badly
off, no share of the liberality or nursing care
was extended. Time was spent urgently solicit-
incr money in the face of the meeting, sev-
eral collections from time to time disturb the
solemnity and dignity of our meetings, and
one aged Friend remarked one day that she
thought she had had enough. At a subsequent
sitting the springing applications for money
and other things on the Yearly Meeting was
objected to, and it was recommended in future
that all such should be well considered in Quar-
terly Meetings, and approved of before being
introduced to the Yearly Meeting, also that if
a better way could not be found, to have one
sitting for collections to which Friends could
bring their spare money.
Dr. Weeks, the author of " Southern Quakers
and Slavery," made an interesting and instruc-
tive address on the subject, and though not a
member, he hit ofi' pretty closely our present
condition, when he said that the fast element
might add to our numbers, but the tired and
burdened souls required substantial solid food
like old fashioned Quakerism offered, and com-
mended Rich Square Friends. He spoke of
Governor Archdale as the equal if not the su-
perior in some things to William Penn and that
our members did not know what their predeces-
sors bad been.
Eighth Month 8th.— Met at usual hour in
joint session, when the Fourth Annual report
of the or|)hauage was considered, and a very
lively address given by Charles Jessup, with
feeling remarks by the matron, followed by a
considerable collection and a grant of one hun-
dred and fifty dollars from the meeting.
At two p. M. the reports of Guilford College,
with full particulars as to the state of the funds
from the Trustee, and of Income and Expendi-
ture at the College were read, followed by words
of approval, the net gain for the year was four
hundred dollars. About sixty of the scholars
were Friends and one hundred not. It was
recommended to the faculty to instruct the pu-
pils in Friend's Literature, Sewall's and Gough's
History, Jaffries' Diary, Barclay's Apology,
History of Friends in America, and other writ-
ings, sc that they might know what Friends
were, and of their faithfulness under cruel suf-
ferings by which liberty had been won for
themselves and others.
The financial report submitted by the Repre-
sentatives showed that some Quarters were
further in arrear, that the outstanding debt had
been reduced two hundred dollars, and agreed
that one thousand dollars should be assessed for
the ensuing year to meet current expenses, and
two hundred dollars to reduce our debt.
On First-day there was a large attendance in
the meeting-house, with a tent and other meet-
ings on the grounds in the grove, held simul-
taneously, four meetings at each place during
the day.
Eighth Month 10th, Second-day at ten a. m.,
an Epistle to all the Yearly Meetings with
which we correspond was read and approved
and directed to be type-written, signed and for-
warded ; Indian affairs also heard of, and in the
afternoon all unfinished business was transacted,
having been favored to get thro' one day sooner
than usual, and though a difl^erence in senti-
ment was apparent in several matters, yet love,
the evidenceof true discipleship, prevailed. Let
love through all your actions run, let all your
words be kind, "be pitiful, be courteous."
During Yearly Meeting week we had two
lectures kindly given us by J. Walter Malone
of Cleveland, Ohio, free, on the " Ages of the
World," for which he had prepared a large
map appended to the wall, his remarks were
interesting and instructive, and he appears to
have given much attention to the subject, though
we may not be willing to follow him in all that
he said, yet of one thing we may be certain
if we would flee from the wrath to come
viz: to embrace now the offers of redeeming
love and mercy, to turn unto the Lord Most
High with full purpose of heart to serve and
obey Him, to believe in and follow the Lord
Jesus Christ, and while we have light to believe
in the light that we may be the children of the
Light, which is Christ the true Light that en-
lighteneth every man that cometh into the
world, and to which J. Walter Malone testified.
A. Fisher.
N. C, Ninth Month 5th, 1896.
his master, had turned and shown fight, and
had been killed. James took the first chance
of crawling away in the dense brush. The next
morning William Hines and two others went to
the rookery, and, being forewarned, were en-
abled to shoot four of the birds. One of them
stood seven feet eight inches high and measured
eight feet four inches across the wings. — Min-
neapolis Journal.
A Remarkable encounter. — Henry Jones,
of Black Duck, is dying of injuries sustained in
a fight between himself and his dog on one side,
and a large rookery of blue cranes that congre-
gate in large numbers every summer in a spruce
grove in a swamp in the southwestern part of
Beltrami County. James' dog was killed, and
he himself was just able to crawl away from the
birds, only to fall exhausted in a well-beaten
trail, where he was found by the rest of the
party. James says he was attracted by the
yelping of his dog, some distance in advance,
and at the same time the air seemed to be alive
with cranes. The dog ran toward James, pur-
sued by scores of the birds, which, when Ji.raes
came in view, attacked him, too. His gun was
of little use, for the birds were too numerous,
and flanked him on every side. He was struck
in the back of the neck by the beak of the
cranes and knocked down. The blood spurt-
ed from a wound like that made by a sharp
knife. The blow was |)robably all that saved
James from instant death. The cranes could
fight to advantage only from the air, and, as
James recovered hss wit8, he intuitively reached
for his gun and opened fire on the birds, keep-
ing it up as long as the supply of cartridges
lasted. In the meantime the dog, on reaching
CONVALESCENCE
MART B. DODGE.
1 said : " I cannot wait.
1 seek to do Thy will, bill waiting, Lord,
Is wearier far than working; lei Thy word
Remove from tne this fate."
1 said : " My heart is sad
Remembering all the bnrdens I liave borne.
And how at last 1 watched, thinking the dawn
Was near to make rae glad.
" I wait to do Thy will.
I seek no sellish end. I want Thy s-trength
To follow and uphold, until at length
The power to do is still.
" But wait I cannot, Lord ;
For thought and soul and will all hum to do,
And folded liamls seem mockery. Even through
My pain let me be heard."
And then the answer fell,
Faintly, yet clear: "O troubled heart, be still.
And know ihy work is but to wait My will
Till thou art sure 'lis well.
" Poor eager heart and brain.
Put by all longings, and let patience still
And faith and quietness thy spirit fill.
Taking away tby pain."
And so I wait to-day,
And every day, praying that love divine
To dwell within and evermore be mine,
My comfort and sure slay.
And as I wait 'tis here !
Saviour and Lord, on weary heart and brain
Falls soft the touch of healing, till all pain
Ends because Thou art near.
Thy love is mine; and now
Abide with me, my Lord, and I will wait
Patient and standing still without the gate.
To Thy sweet will I bow.
— Christian Advocate.
FALTER NOT.
Brother, why art thou despairing,
Why to phantoms bend the knee,
Know'st thou not 'lis death to falter
On the verge of victory ?
Thou wilt seek in vain for succor
If thine own arms gather rust ;
'Tis the brave alone who conquer—
Cowards grovel in the dust.
Think not Wisdom's golden showers
Fall by chance, now here, now there:
Few there be who win her favors.
Free fmrn toil and studious care;
But with firm and strong endeavor
All may hope to call her " Friend,"
Courage then, she yet may greet thee
Ere the march of life shall end.
What if obstacles unnumbered
Vulture-like, dispute the way ?
Struggle on ! above their talons
Thou canst rise and win the day.
Be thy motto " Forward ever !"
Till ihy standard crowns the height.
Then, when death bids thee "surrecder,"
God will find thine armor bright.
John Ford.
Mo. 2G, 189G.
THE FRIEND.
Festival.
I (iiice attendeii :ui immense gathering in
ion. 11- (jf the G(i(l of Medicine, when an offering
if two hundred hogs was made. It was on the
)irlhday of the god, and in a grass hnt on a
•mail plateau five miles north of Tanisui the idol
vas seated. In front of the god, pork, fowl, rice,
ish, eggs, tea and s])irituous liquors were set.
A-Tauist priest [lerfornied incantations, bowing,
chanting and beseeching tiie god to be favora-
)le, and to partake of the feast provided. Fra-
grant incense-sticks were burned, and at inter-
nals mock money was offered. Outside the hut
uen were busy preparing the great feast for
,he god. Two hundred -dressed hogs, on frames
prepared for the purpose, were ranged all around
n rows, an orange in the mouth of each, and a
;arge knife stuck in the back of the neck,
rhese hogs varied in weight from fifty to four
lundred and eighty pounds. Fully four thous-
tnd men, women and children were present,
jach family displaying its own articles to the
)est advantage. In the evening torches, music
ind theatrical performances added to the honor
|)f the poor camphor-wood god in the grass hut.
I The most elaborate and hideous scene I ever
'witnessed was the "Seventh Moon Feast." The
seventh Month was the time for making offer-
ings to all departed spirits. It was a time of
fieat festivity and excitement. The custom
jirevailed in all the cities and towns in North
Formosa of erecting in an open space of several
kcres, great cone-like structures of bamboo poles,
[rom five to ten feet in diameter at the base,
lind sometimes fifty or sixty feet high. Around
these cones, from bottom to top, innumerable
ijuantities of food, oflered to the spirits, were
ied in rows. There were ducks and smaller
owl, dead and alive, pork, fish, cakes, fruits,
;jananas, pineapples, and all manner of delica-
jies in season ; and fastened everywhere in the
nass were huudreds of huge fire-crackers. On
)ne occasion I saw fifty such cones at a feast
it Cang-kah. It was a gruesome sight. When
pight came on and the time for summoning the
spirits approached, the cones were illuminated
jy dozens of lighted candles. Then the priests
::ook up their position on a raised platform, and
ijy clapping their hands ami sounding a large
IJrass gong they called the spirits of all the de-
[parted to come and feast on the food provided.
'Out of the night and the other world," the
jiead were given time to come and to gorge
;:hemselves on the " spiritual " part of the feast,
;he essence, that was suited to their ethereal
requirements. Meanwhile a very unspiritual
iiob,thousandsaudthousandsof hungry beggars,
Tamps, iilackleiiS, desperadoes of all sorts, from
;he country towns, the city slums, or venturing
jnder cover of the night from their hiding-places
imong the hills — surged and swelled in every
part of the open space, impatiently waiting their
iurn at the feast. When the spirits had con-
wmed the "spiritual" part, the " carnal " was
the proiierty of the mob, and the mob quite ap-
proved of this division. But the time seemed
long. At length the spirits were satisfied, and
;he gong was sounded once more. That was
the signal for the mob ; and scarcely had the
first stroke fallen when that wh(de scene was
ane mass of arms and legs and tongues. Scream-
ing, cursing, howling like demons of the pit,
they all joined in the onset. A rush was made
for the cones, and those nearest seized the sup-
ports and pulled now this way, now that. The
huge heavily laden structures began to sway
from side to side, until with a crash one after
another fell into the crowd, crushing their way
to the ground. Then it was every man for him-
self In one wild scramble, groaning and yell-
ing all the while, trampling on those who had
lost their footing or were smothered by the fall-
ing cones, fighting and tearing one another like
mad dogs, they all made for the coveted food.
It was a very bedlam, and the wildiie.-is of the
scene was enhanced by the irregular explosion
of the fire-crackers, and the death groan of
some one worsted in the fray. As each secured
what he could carry, he tried to extricate him
self from the mob, holding fast the treasures
for which he iiad fought, and of which the
less successful in the outskirts of the crowd
would fain plunder him. Escaping the mob,
he hurried to his home, expecting every mo-
ment to be attacked by those who thought it
easier to waylay and rob the solitary spoilsman
than to jtiin in the general scramble on the
|)lain.
One cannot estimate the demoralizing eft'eets
of such feasts ; and it is to the cr.dit of that
progressive governor, Liu Ming Chuan, that the
barbarities of the " Seventh Moon Feast," have
been entirely abolished in Formosa. Such a
sight as has been described will never again be
witnessed there.
"As One Whom His Mother Comforteth."
At a summer resort, not long since, a clergy-
man and a lady sat on the piazza of the hotel.
The lady's heart was heavily burdene<l, and she
talked of her .sorrows to the aged minister, who
tried to lead her in her hour of need to the
Great Comforter.
His efforts seemed to be in vain. The lady
had heard all her life of the promise that if a
tired soul casts its burdens ou the Lord it will
be sustained, no matter how heavy that burden
may be, but she seemed to lack the faith to thus
cast herself upon the Lord.
A half-hour afterward a severe thunder-storm
came up in the western sky. With the first
flash of lightning, the mother jumped out of her
chair and ran up and down the piazza, exclaim-
ing, " Where is Freddie? Where is Freddie?
He is so terribly frightened in a thunder-storm
I don't know what he will do without me."
In a few moments afterward her boy came
running up the walk, almost breathless and his
face plainly showing the great fear that was in
his heart. "Oh, mother," he exclaimed, "I was
so frightened, I ran just as fast as ever I could
to get to you !" The mother sat down and took
the frightened child into her arras. She allayed
his fear and quieted him until his head rested
calmly on her loving heart.
The good minister stepped up gently, and
putting his hand on the mother's shoulder, he
whispered, "As one whom his mother comforteth,
so will I comfort you" (Isaiah, Ixvi : 13).
" I understand it now," she replied, as she
looked up with tearful face. " I did not trust
Him as my boy trusts me, but now I will throw
myself into his arms as a little child, and re-
member his promise, 'As one whom his mother
comforteth, so will I comfort you.' I never
felt the depth of Divine love as shown in that
promise before."
May we not all, as mothers, learn the mean-
ing of this precious promise? We know how
full our hearts are of love and sympathy for the
little ones, who come to us in tlieir hour of
trouble and fear, and how tenderly we gather
them in our arms and comfort them witli our
words of love and cheer.
Is it not strange that, with this sweet, practi-
cal demonstration of truth in our dailv lives
with our children, we so often forget the prec-
ious promise, and try to struggle on alone with
our burdens of sorrow and fear?
"As one whom his mother comforteth, so will
I comfort you; and ye shall be comforted in
.Jerusalem" (Isaiah Ixvi : 1.'?). — Selected.
Edward Burroughs, in re|)lying to one who had
brought slanderous accusations against Friends,
thus describes their views as to the value of
learning and the expounding of Scriptures :
" Learning in itself is a gift of God, and i.s
not profane, though, as to the knowledge of
God and the things of his kingdom, learning in
tongues and languages is little available; for
it's the Spirit of God that teaches the things of
God and reveals all the things of his kingdom,
and none can know God but as the Spirit of
God discovers Him ; for the disciples, wlio were
soiue of them unlearned men in books ami let-
ters, had the knowledge of the matters of God's
kingdom taught them by the Holy Spirit. And
sucli as have the gilt of the Spirit of God, be
they poor or rich, are fitted to expound and un-
derstand the Si-riptures; for none can under-
stand the Scriptures nor the things therein
declared, but by the Spirit of God that gave
forth the Scriptures, and it is not Latin, Greek
nor Hebrew that teacheth to understand the
Scriptures, but it is the Spirit of God, and to
whomsoever that Spirit is given (and God gives
it to whom He pleaseth), they only are fit to
declare the things of God unto others, and to
expound Scriptures, and none else but them
who have experience of the operation of the
Spirit in their own hearts. And this we hold
and believe."
'• The Lot is Cast into the Lap ; but
THE Whole Disposing Thep.eof is of the
Lord." — We have here the true reason for the
almost universal appeal to the lot among East-
ern peoples. They wish to have decisions free
from all the suspicions that attach to the de-
liverances of men, on which desire and passion,
bias and prejudice, niay exercise no influence.
To this day the Arab, going forth in the morn-
ing, not clear which way he ought to take, with
happy confidence twirls his staff into the air,
and follows the direction in which the head
falls, as that pointed b)' the finger of God. —
Sunday School Times.
THE FRIEND.
NIXTH MONTH 26, isnti.
The Church in our parts seems to be pass-
ing through a process of stripping, as one after
another is removed from it of those who by
submission to Divine grace had become use-
ful instruments in upholding sound doctrines,
in spreading a knowledge of the principles of
the Gospel, and in contending against those
things which prey on the spiritual life nf the
community. It is natural for the concerned
members to lament over this removal of vet-
eran warriors, and to adopt the plaintive lan-
guage, "By whom shall Jacob arise?"
But it is well to remember that it was by the
operation of the Grace of God that these were
prepared for usefulness in the Church and in
the world ; and that the same Divine power is
able to qualify others and make of them instru-
ments equally valuable, if they will yield them-
selves thoroughly to the disposal of their Father
in heaven.
so
THE FRIEND.
Ninth Mo. 26, 1896.
Many of those whom we can recall as digni-
fied instruments of good, were trained up in
families where self-denial was inculcated, and
the welfare of the Church was a prominent
consideration. By their fruits shall ye know
them. It speaks well for Friends of a past
generation, that those brought up under their
influence became such noble and dignified ser-
vants of the Lord as were mauy whom we have
known. In many families of Friends of the
present day indulgences and liberties are al-
lowed which would not have been permitted
among their worthy predecessors; and there is
a danger that the children will come to think
of pleasures and amusements as the chief end
of life. It would be marvellous indeed, if such
a training should produce a generation of un-
worldly men and women, devoted to the cause
of Christ, and to the welfare of their fellow-
beings.
The Meeting for Sufferings of Philadelphia
Yearly Meeting have just issued a new edition
of the Memoirs of" Stephen Grellet." These Me-
moirs are principally from his own hand, and
relate the remarkable circumstances attending
his early convincemeut and conversion, and his
subsequent history, which was a very unusual
one. In the exercise of his gift as a minister of
the Gospel, he labored extensively in Canada,
the United States and the AVest Indies ; and
also in Great Britain and the continent of Eu-
rope. He was preserved among many dangers
by remarkable manifestations of the superin-
tending care and guidance of the Divine Power
which sent him forth ; and was enabled to pro-
claim the Divine messages with acceptance in
many of the courts of Europe, to princes and
kings, as well as to many of their subjects. The
book is a very instructive one, illustrating as it
does with much clearness the fundamental prin-
ciples of Christianity, as ever held by the So-
ciety of Friends. We regard it as a work well
calculated for circulation outside of our mem-
bership as well as among our own people, con-
veying clear doctrinal instruction, and mauy
practical illustrations of the manner in which
the Head of the Church leads and preserves his
servants.
This edition differs from the original one
edited by Benjamin Seebohm, principally in the
omission of much of the correspondence ap-
pended by him to the Journal, in the insertion
of parts of the Memorial of S. Grellet jirepared
by Burlington Monthly Meeting, and in the
addition of an Index.
The book forms one volume of nine hundred
and thirty-eight pages octavo, and is sold in cloth
binding at one dollar and a half per copy ;
bound in half-morocco at two dollars. It can
be obtained of .Juseph Hall at Friends' Book
Store, 304 Arch Street, Philadelphia. If sent
by mail, the postage will be twenty-three cents
additional.
SUMMARY OF EVENTS.
United States— The Baldwin Locomotive Works
in tliis city has received an onler for eight locomotives
for ihe Imperial Railway of China, the only railroad
in the Chinese Empire.
The Choctaw General Conncil hat enacted a l:iw de-
claring all discoveries of coal, minerals and other
things of value made by citizens of the Choctaw Na-
tion to be the property of the discoverers, and their
heirs or assigns, if they are citizens of the Nation.
Smith County, Kans , has an unparalleled corn
crop, some fields yielding an average of seventy-five
bushels to the acre, and hardly one falling below that
figure.
The huckleberry crop in the blue mountains of Ore-
gon is enormous this year. Every bush is loaded,
and the berries are said to be so thick on Bialock
Mo.intain that Ihe cattle that range are nil stained
purple from walking through and lying down in the
patches.
The grape-growers of Northern Ohio are afflicted
with a big crop. The vines are black with the fruit,
which is selling at five cents a basket of ten pounds
in the vineyards. There is no profit in such a price,
for the basket costs two and a half cents, and the pick-
ing as much more. It is said that no more grapes
will be sent to mtrket, but that the remainder of the
crop would be sold to winemakers. This year's crop
is the heaviest ever known in that section of the
country.
The only quicksilver mines of importance in this
country are located in Southern California.
Enoch Pratt, the distinguished banker, merchant
and philanthropist, died on the evening of the 17th
instant, at his conntry residence, near Baltimore, aged
eighty-eight years,
Florida's bar-rooms number two hundred and six-
teen, more than half of them being in three counties.
The States's revenue from them is $IOS,000.
On the 21st instant. Governor Hastings of Penna.,
signed the pardon of John Bardsley, and he was re-
leased on the 22nd. It is said Bardsley suffered a
stroke of paralysis last week, and this hastened the
Governor's action.
Deaths in this city last week nnmhered 427, which
is 42 more than the previous week and 61 more than
the corresponding week of 1895. Of the whole num-
ber 214 were males and 213 temales: 37 died of pneu-
monia; 36 of consumption; 36 of heart disease; 26 of
cholera infantum; 19 of inflammation of the brain;
19 of cancer ; 17 of convulsions ; 17 of apoplexy ; 16 of
diphtheria; 14 from casualties ; 14 of marasmus ; 13
of nephritis; 12 of old age, and 10 of typhoid fever.
Markets, &e.— V. S. 2's, 91 i a 93; 4's, reg., 106 a
106i; coupon, 107 J a 108J; 4's, new, 115 a 116.V; 5'b,
1 10| a llOJ ; currency 6's, 100 a 105.
Cotton. — Middling uplands, 8|c. per pound.
Feed. — Winter bran in bulk, quoted Is 25 a $9.50,
and spring do., in sacks, at $8.25 a $9.50 per ton.
Flour. — Winter super, $1.90 a $2.15; do., extras,
$2.15 a $2.30; Pennsylvania roller, clear, $2.90 a $3.10;
do., do., straight, $3,15 a $3.40 ; Western winter, clear,
$2 90 a $3.10; do., do., straight, $3.15 a $3.40; do.,
do., patent, $3.40 a $3.60; spring, clear, $2.50 a $2.75 ;
do., straight, $3.20 a $3.40 ; do., patent, $3.40 a $3.60 ;
do., favorite brands, higher. City mills, extra, $2.00
a $2.25; do., clear, $2.95 a $3.10: do., straight, $3.20
a $3.25 ; do., patent, $3.50 a $3.75. Eye Floor.—
$2.25 to 2.35 per barrel for fair to choice Pennsylvania.
Grain. — No. 2 red wheat, 64} a 64Ac.
No. 2 mixed corn, 26J a 27c.
No. 2 white oats, 24 a 24Jc.
BEEr Cattle. — Extra, 4| a 4J ; good, 4J a 4|c.;
medium, 3J a 4c.; common, 3} a 3|c.
Sheep and Lambs. — Extra, 3Jc.; good, 3 a 3}c.;
medium, 2\ a 2f c ; common, 2 a 2|c.; culls, 1 a IJc;
lambs, 3 a 5c.
HoQS.— Western, 5J a 5.Vc. State, 4|c.
Foreign. — A dispatch dated the 21st instant, from
London, says: "At a meeting held to-night in Shore-
ditch to protest against the massacre of Christians by
Turks, a most important announcement was made,
which, it is believed, piiis an end to all conjecture re-
garding the action that might he taken by the British
Government in the direction of putting an end to the
massacres by force or deposing the Sultan. The
statement was made by Mr. John Lowles, member of
the House of Commons for the Haggerston division
of Shoreditch. He said thai if England had a free
hanii in the matter, very few days would elapse be-
fore there would be a change in Turkey. He then
added that he was authorized by the Foreign Office
to say that Great Britain was confrontt-d by an agree-
ment between the three Powers that if she attacked
Turkey on any excuse or pretext she would have to
face that combination. If she fired a single shot, or
took action alone, it would mean that at that moment
there would be a European war."
" The whole English nation," observes the London
correspondent of the New York Tribune, "is united
in a deep feeling of abhorrence for massacre and the
misgovernment of Turkey. Neither leaders nor mass
meetings are needed to express this righteous feeling.
It is the strongest in the north of England, Wales and
Scotland, but is not weak or uncertain anywhere. The
'unspeakable Turk' has no friend in Englan.), except,
possibly, Sir Ellis Ashmead Bartlelt. The English
people are unanimous in desiring the deposition of
Ihe Sultan and the abolition of massacre and outrage,
and the Government of the day is not arrayed against
this policy. It is Russia this time that condones as-
s.assinaiion and barbarity by enforcing inaction, and
Ihe Continental Powers are unwilling to be convinced
that England is sincere and disinterested."
The Porte has received an official report stating
that six hundred persons were killed by Kurds in the
recent disturbances at Eguin. It is feared that mas-
sacres will soon take place in other districts of Ana-
tolia.
A dispatch from Constantinople of the 18th instant
states that a number of Softas (theological students)
and members of the Young Turkey party had a des-
perate fight in Galaia on Fourth-day. Fifteen of the
combatants were killed. The dispatch adds that many
of the archives of the British Embassy have been
placed, for safety, on the British guardship in the
Bospborui.
A telegram from London says : " It begins to ap-
pear as though Tynan had purchased his freedom by
divulging the details of the conspiracy. It is now
thought that he will not be extradited, chiefly because
the English authorities do not want to push the case
against him."
According to the official reportsof the Japanese Gov-
ernment, the Island Empire contains 62,520 teachers.
Owing to the orders of the Spanish Government in
relation to the issue of paper money, business in Ha-
vana is said to be paralyzed. The civil government
requested the Stock Exchange to enforce acceptance
of said money, but it refused to make any transactions.
It is stated that, among other measures which Gene-
ral Wcyler thinks of adopting as a prelude to the
campaign in Cuba, is a revocation of the edict of par-
don, and the obliging of families having connections
in the ranks of the rebels to move into other prov-
inces, and making also the concentration in villages
obligatory, considering all persons found in the conn-
try enemies or supporters of the enemy.
The new law requiring the use of Ihe metric sys-
tem of weights and measures is now being enforced in
Mexico.
BECEIPTS.
Sallie T. Hoopes, Pa., Charles Stokes, Agent, N.J.,;
for Richard Haines; Maria S. Reeve, N. .1., and for
Richardson S. Reeve, Phila.; Chas. Wright, Jr., N. :
J.; James S. Newbold, Pa.; Sarah D. Allen, Phila.;
Samuel Williams, N. J.; Ezra Engle, N. J., and for
Josiah P. Engle ; Jonathan Chace, R. I.; Levi S.
Thomas, John G. Haines and Thomas W. Fisher, Pa.;
Henry Bell, Agent, Ireland, £9 12s., being 10s. each for
himself, John Adair, Daniel Alesbury, Wm. Boucher,
John Douglas, John Duguid, Scotland, Forsler Green,
James Green, John Orr Green, Susanna Grub, T. M.
Haughton, James Hobson, Henry A. Uprichard,
Susan Williams, William White, Thos. R. White, :
Charles F. Wakefield, and £1 for Charles Elcock and '
2s., for Thomas W. Barnes, Australia; Wilson Hod-
gin, la.; David Heston,- Phila., and for Charles B. ,
Heston; Norris J. Scott, Agent, Pa., and for Eli
beth L. Thomas, Wm. Trimble, and Wm. Pratt, to
No. 13, vol. 71 ; Mary W. Bacon, N. J.; Wm. H. Moon,
Pa.; Jas. M. .Moon, Pa.; Philena Y. Smedley, Pa.;
Wra. Stanton, Agent, for Jas. Henderson, O.; A. J.
Smith, Agent, for Hannah Hinshaw, Kan.; Anne E.
Howell, Gtn., and for Aubrey Howell ; .4rnoldi
Haighl, Canada, and for Lydia Clayton, Seburn Fos-
ter and Thos. Moore; James Lee, Jr., Pa.: Milton
Mills, la.; Jacob L. Evens. N. J., and for Claytcm L.
Evens, Col.; Seth Shaw, Agent, O., for Jesse Edger-
ton and W. M. Hall ; Henry B. Leeds, Agent, N. J.,
for Daniel G. Garwood and Abbie M. Garwood ; Mary-
Ann Jones, Gtn. for Arthur Leeds Nicholson, N. Y.,
and Elijah Outland, N. C; Miriam French, O., per
Stephen Hodgin ; Anna Horst, Pa.
S^" Remittance-^ received after Third-dny evening wUi
not appear in the Receipts until the foUmoing week.
NOTICES.
A Friend wishes a position as housekeeper, com-
panion, or assistant, either in household duties or
office work. Aildress B. M., office of The Friend.
Died, at her home in Woodbury, N. J., on Eighth
Month 13th, 1896, in her eightieth year, Sarah M.
Tatom, widow of Wm. R. Tatura, an elder of Wood-
bury Monthly Meeting. "And I heard a voice from
heaven saying imto me, Write, Blessed are the dead
which die in the Lord from henceforth ; yea, saith th€
Spirit, that they may rest from their labors; and Iheii
works do follow them."
THE FRIEND.
A Religious and Literary Journal.
VOL. LXX.
SEVENTH-DAY, TENTH MONTH :), 1896.
No. n.
PUBLISHED WEEKLY.
Price, if paid in advance, $2.00 per annum.
Edwin P. Sellew, Publisher,
No. 207 Walnut Place,
(Siuthfrom Walnut Street, between Third and Fourth,)
PHILADELPHIA.
Articles designed for insertion to be addressed to
JOSEPH WALTON,
MooRESTowN, Burlington Co., N. J.
Entered as second-class matter at Philadelphia P. O.
liary and Letters of Deborah Brooks Webb.
(Contlnuea from page 74.)
?185r). — Fourth Mouth 1st.— First-day. Silent
heeting. Last Fourth-day was Monthly Meet-
ng at Birmingham. Oh ! it was a favored time,
pear friend H. Gibbons quoted the passage
yhere the disciples queried, while Jesus was in
he hinder part of the vessel asleep, " Lord,
arest thou not that we perish?" Said much
hat was encouraging, closing with, " He hears
he secret supplication of the contrite soul."
She shortly afterwards rose again, addressing
he young encouragingly. Next, P. W. Roberts
|08e, sayiug, "The Lord is good," etc. Then
jear said he believed there were some,
yho would have to acknowledge that the Lord
Ud not dealt with them according to tiieir
[leserts, but according to his great mercy, they
(lave been watered and dug about from time to
:ime; still the husbandman would listen to the
"equest to let them stand, aud would chastise or
jlig about them still longer. He quoted the
passage, "I heard Ephraim bemoaning him-
self, "Thou hast chastened me, and I was chas-
ised, as a bullock unaccustomed to the yoke,"
ecommendiug the prayer, "Turn thou nie, and
; shall be turned." Oh! I need it and did try
n meeting to-day to use it; and to say, behold
he clay, be thou the potter. It did seem to
ne, that I did feel the good presence, poor and
inworthy, but I have doue one thing wrong
lince meeting. I wish I could cease from rea-
wning. Shortly after, P. W. R. appeared in
iupplication for us, again quoting the language,
' Turn us, and we shall be turned." Li the
last meeting friend Gibbons spoke again to
the young, saying, " She felt there had been a
I'resh renewal of heavenly visitation, and en-
couraged us to treasure these feelings.
8th. — Dear spoke, saying " That many
of us feel that the Almighty is very powerful,
that He is clothed with honor and majesty,
that He covereth himself with light as with a
garment ; who stretcheth out the heavens like a
curtain ; who layeth the beams of his chambers
in the waters, who maketh the clouds his char-
iots, who walketh upon the wings of the wind,
who maketh his angels spirits and his ministers
a flame of fire," and that feeling so, we might
he ready to query, " Wherewith shall I come
before the Lord, or bow myself before the high
God?" "Shall I come before Him with burnt
offerings," etc. These are not wanted, but a
contrite heart will be heard. To this man will
I look, even to him that is of a contrite spirit,
and trembleth at my word. "Cease from man
whose breath is in his nostrils, for wherein is he
to be accounted of?" Oh, I was trying to peti-
tion my God to save me and not cast me of!', for
the sake of his dear Son, whose Spirit strived
with me, while I resist so long. I am glad that
I can have a quiet mind with the approaching
Yearly Meeting. Some say that there will be
a separation, and oh, if I can only be of the
little lowly, meek and humble company who
walk in the daily cross, in the Spirit and power
of Christ, this is all I ask, for if we follow Him
as He leads. He will surely receive us when we
die.
16th.— Yesterday I was at the North Meet-
ing. It was so good to me.
In the morning Morris Cope spoke first,
" When the poor and needy seek water and
there is none, and their tongue faileth for
thirst, I the Lord will hear them, I the Lord
of Israel will not forsake them," that He who
was with Daniel in the lion's den, and with the
three children in the fiery furnace, would be
with those who were his. Then Euos Lee
asked why we did not turn our minds inward
and there seek for that which would be a com-
fort to us now, and would go with us to our
homes. Seek, seek earnestly. Soon dear E.
Pittfield knelt, " Create in me a clean heart, oh,
God, and renew a right spirit within me."
In the afternoon meeting I did try to turn
inward and repent, and it was brought before
me, that I ouglit to take up the cross in some
points, and I was fearing for my strength to do
it when dear Abigail Williams rose, sayiug,
" She felt it right to say to a deeply exercised,
tried and discouraged mind present, that the
good things promised them would be received."
Next Enos Lee so encouragingly said, " it was
such a great favor that we could have the spirit
within to teach us what we ought to do, and
that we did not have to go to an outward teacher,
and more that was so good to me, about our
dear Saviour who is willing to save, and has
strength for us all.
Then dear Phebe W. Eoberts said, " God is
our refuge and strength, a very present help
in trouble." " Put on strength ai^l journey
forward ; thou hast encompassed this mountain
long enough." I felt this last and could take
it, for I know that I have felt that there was a
mountain in the way, that I ought to go over,
taking up ray cross, it is full time.
Second-day morning, we had a quiet, com-
fortable meeting, but the men had difficulty
about reading the Ohio and Baltimore epistles,
and did not get out until about half-past three
o'clock. On Third-day morning we had a good
meeting. Dear Sarah Hillraan spoke, urging
us to inwardly search ourselves, usinjr the lan-
guage, " Wash me, cleanse me." Oh ! I needed
to use it. Then Hannah Haines spoke of the
woman that was healed by touching the hern of
the Saviouf's garment, if we only come unto
Him, He would heal us from sin. Dear P. W.
Roberts said addressing the young, "Be thou
faithful unto death, and I will give thee a crown
of life." Dear Lydia Kite spoke about super-
fluities, and having daguerreotypes taken, after
E. Evans had said something of the kind so
excellently. On Fifth-day I attended the North
Meeting. I feel myself to be so unworthy and
so mercifully dealt with.
This was my birthday, twenty-five years old.
Plow little u-e have I been of to my Heavenly
Father during all my life. Oh, I do de.sire to
take up the cros,s. I am afraid I shall be lost
at last.
First, Morris Cope spoke encouragingly, next
desiring us to pray for the peace of our
spiritual Ziou and say, " Here am I, send me,"
recommending the same language to the young,
" Thou hast chastised me, and I was chastised,
turn thou me, and I shall be turned, for thou
art the Lord my God."
Enos Lee spoke of the prophet Isaiah refus-
ing to go as the Lord commanded, hoping that
none of us might be plunged into the like dis-
tress by disobeying my Heavenly Father. H.
Warrington spoke of our being purified as sil-
ver, all the dross and reprobate silver to be
consumed.
Dear H. Gibbons spoke encouragingly to the
young, and on the last day of the meeting dear
Phebe Roberts supplicated for us, that those
whom He had laid his hand upon might be
strengthened.
22nd.— Dear spoke in our meeting of
the " leaven which a woman took aud hid in
three measures of meal till the whole \va.s leav-
ened," carrying the similitude farther than I
ever heard before— that after being put into the
meal it has to be kneaded and watched ; Sv) our
Heavenly Father watches over and corrects us,
watches when we are in a proper state to be
put into the oven. Be willing to go into_ the
oven, even if it seemed to be heated seven times
hotter than usual, for that which is continually
worked without baking becomes sour. He ad-
dressed the young, desiring us to give up. " No
chastening for the present seemeth to be joyous,
but grievous." " Whom the Lord loveth He
chasteneth and scourgeth, every one whom He
receiveth." Some will have to acknowledge
they have not been dealt with after their deserts.
We have had line upon line, and precept upon
precept.
29th.— One year ago dear friend Jefferis was
very ill and on First-day she quietly departed.
It is a sad anniversary, particularly to Anne.
We had such a favored meeting today. Dear
Hannah Gibbons said, " Ye cannot serve God
and mammon, encouraging to greater dedica-
tion, giving the whole heart. God is very
powerful. He will strengthen. Apply to Him
daily for strength, to enable us to keep cove-
nant with Himr Walk in the narrow way, the
way of the cross. Pray unto Him for strength,
for He has said, " To this man will I look, even
82
THE FRIEND.
Tenth Mo. 3, 1896. i
to him that is poor and of a coutrite spirit, and
trembleth at my word." Snon after dear
appeared in fervent supplication, " Paul may
plant and Apollos water, but God alone giveth
the increase." He petitioned for us to be
strengthened, shielded from the fiery dart of the
enemy, and for the church to be restored. An-
swer "his petition, Most Holy Father, and grant
strength unto me. If I resist after so great
mercies, how shall I escape. Look prayerfully
unto God and my Saviour every day. Turn
my back upon the world.
Fifth Month 7th. — Silent meeting today. I
did try to walk in the fear of the Lord, the
first part of the week ; the fear of being singular,
thus shunning the cross, brought darkening
trouble and anguish upon me. I tried to wait
upon my Heavenly Father in the first part of
the meeting, but He seemed a great way off
from me. In great mercy He humbled me to
resolve to follow his leadings and then drew
nearer to me. Oh, that I may not sin again in
any way.
loth.— We sat in silence a long time, and
then a Friend spoke to some not in membership
with us, addressing them particularly. Said it
was a ])laia way ; our Heavenly Father was
nearer to us than many of us could think ; the
Holy Spirit would show us how sinful we were,
and when we hungered and thirsted we would
be given the righteousness of faith. There was
more very applicable, but this part I felt that I
wanted to help me along to greater dedication.
This afternoon in reading the prayer of Jabez
it seemed to be one that I could adopt, " Oh that
thou wouldst bless me indeed and enlarge my
coast, and that thy hand might be with nie and
that thou wouldst keep me from evil, that it
may not grieve me." And God granted him
that which he requested. John said, " The word
is nigh thee in thy heart and in thy mouth,
this word of faith which we preach." The Light
shineth in darkness, and the darkness compre-
hendeth it not." George Fox said. That light
brought sight, and sight brought a knowledge
of sin. Oh, that I may feel God near me.
20th. — Silent meeting. I tried to beg of my
Heavenly Father to make me what He would
have me to be. I am so prone to sin. On Third-
day was our Quarterly Meeting. It was so good
to me. \Vm. and Elizabeth Evans were there.
Elizabeth Evans spoke first, " If ye then being
evil, know how to give good things to your
children, how much more shall your Heavenly
Father give his Holy Spirit to them that ask
Hira." She spoke so encouragingly to the
young. Believe in Hira and obey Him ; He is
very near to such, though their language may
be, " Carest thou not that we perish ?" We could
feel his presence, but our sins separate us from
our God as a thick cloud.
William Evans said, " The salvation of our
souls was as dear to our Heavenly Father as
ever it was. We must obey the Light within
or else it will be withdrawn from us, and we
will be left to go from sin to sin ; if we obey it,
it will increase. For what we give up in this
world. He will give us himself, and we shall feel
joy in his presence." I beseech of thee. Heav-
enly Father, make me what thou wouldst have
me to be, and give me an obedient heart. Oh,
grant me thy good spirit.
In the last meeting dear Phebe W. Roberts
spoke of a vine, which had been planted and
watered by our Heavenly Father, but when
He came to look for fruit it yielded none, then
it was laid open to the attacks of its enemies,
and cared for no more. She hoped this would
not be the case with Kny of her young friends.
If we will obey and bring all the tithes into his
store house. "He will open you the windows of
heaven and pour you out a blessing that there
shall not be room enough to receive it. There
was another class to whom she wished to say
" That though their beloved seemed absent from
them, yet if they will abide in the patience, He
will come unto them in his own good time.
Sixth Month 3rd. — Silent Meeting. Anne
Sheppnrd went away on a journey last Fifth-
day. Now we are alone, I do want to resist
temptation and walk with a dedicated heart
before thee, oh. Lord.
(To be continued.)
Warned in a Dream.
Both Scripture and experience teach us that
though "a dream comelh through the multi-
tude of business," and is often but the broken
minglings of fantastic fancies, yet there are
times when men are warned of God in dreams,
as in the case of Joseph, and to disregard such
warnings is dangerous in the extreme. The emi-
nent English evangelist, William Haslam, re-
lates the following instance, which occurred
within his own circle of acquaintance:
"A careless, worldly man in my jjarish dreamt
one night that he was in the market-hall of a
certain town. He was surprised to see in a wall
a doorway which he had never noticed before,
so much so that he went forward to examine it,
and fi)und that it really was a door, and that
it opened to his touch. He v.ent inside, and
there he saw an impressive and strange scene.
There were a number of men and women walk-
ing about, who appeared to be very woeful and
in great agony of pain. They were too distressed
to speak, but he recognized most of them as
persons who had been dead some time. They
looked mournfully at him, as if sorry he had
come there, but did not speak. He was much
alarmed, and made his way back to the door to
escape, but he was stopped by a stern, sullen-
looking porter, who said, in a sepulchral voice,
' You cannot pass.' He said, ' I came in this
way, and I want to go out.' ' You cannot,' said,
the solemn voice. ' Look, the door only opens
one way ; you may come in by it, but you can-
not go out.' It was so, and his heart sank
within him as he looked at that mysterious
portal. At last the porter relented, and as a
special favor let him go forth for eight days.
He was so glad at his release that he awoke.
" When he told me the dream I warned him
and begged him to give his heart to God.
' You may die,' I said, ' before the eighth
day.' He laughed at the idea, and said he
was ' not going to be frightened by a dream.'
'When I am converted,' he continued, 'I
hope I shall be able to say that I was drawn
by love, not driven by fear.' ' But what,' I
said, ' if you have been neglecting and slight-
ing God's love for a long time, and he is now
moving you with fear to return to Him ?' Noth-
ing w(juld do, he turned a deaf ear to every en-
treaty. When the eighth day arrived, being
market-day, he went to the hall as usual, and
looked at the wall of which he had dreamed,
with particular interest, but seeing no door
there, he exclaimed, 'It's all right; now I will
go and have a good dinner over it, with a bottle
of wine !'
' Whether he stopped at one bottle or not I
cannot tell, but late on Saturday night, as he
was going home, he was thrown from his horse
and killed. This was the end of the eighth
day." — The Christian.
For "THE Friknd.'
The Atlantic Mail Service.
Couriers for conveyance of letters for kingsj
and princes are as old as kingdoms themselv
for it became necessary to carry the decrees of
rulers to the distant province with the utmost
speed. The Romans were the first among the
ancients to establish a post-office system, and
hence the " royal ways" were established, all
leading to Rome, from the most distant prov-
inces, on which letters could be transferred at
a rate of one hundred and sixty miles per day.
As the Roman power declined, the roads be-
came d(serted, and the Dark Ages finally re- j
moved the last vestiges of Roman civilization.'!
The universities which sprung up had at an
early date rudimentary postal establishments.
England at an early day established postal
stations for the transportation of mail to the
Continent and the infant colonies beyond the
sea. As early as 1639 it was " ordered that at
Richard Fairbank's, in Boston, is the place ap-
pointed for all letters which are brought from
beyond the sea or are to be sent thither, to be
left with him. He is allowed for each letter a
penny, and must answer all miscarriages through
his own neglect." The colonial law of Virginia,
in 1657, required every planter to provide a
messenger to convey dispatches, as they arrived,
to the next olanter, on pain of forfeiting a hogs-
head of tobacco in default.
Benjamin Franklin did more for the postal
service in this country than any other man,
having been connected with the postal workfoi
forty years, and it was due to his untiring en-
ergy, in a great measure, that the Atlantic mail
service was established ; however, only with
small beginnings. The person who now crosses
in one of the Atlantic mail liners will be sur-
prised at the amount of mail carried, and the
perfection with which the complicated system
works.
When one receives a letter from across the
waters, he will be puzzled many times at vari-
ous markings there are on a letter — every black
mark having some hidden meaning. "London
and Holyhead, T. P. O., U. S. Mail," is ofteD
seen stamped on a letter. " London and Holy-
head" simply means that the letter was sent by
rail from Eustin Station, London, to Holyhead,
in Wales, while " T. P. O." is a short way ol
expressing " Travelling Post Office ;" while an-
other, expressing "Posted Without Late Fee,'
means that the sender of the letter was too latt
to catch the last American mail at the post
office and came to the station to post the let-
ter, and forgot to place a two-penny stamp
upon the envelope, to pay the extra government
fee. In this country, posting a letter on trains
does not cost anything extra. "Tax" simplj
means that the sender did not put enough post-
age on, and the receiver in America must pay
the extra amount on account of his friends' for-
getfulness on the other side.
It is well known that a great deal of rlvalrj
exists between English and American steam-
ship companies about the carrying of mail, foi
the company which has the contract gets a hand-
some subsidy from the government. Nearly all
the mail from America to England is at pres
ent carried by the American Line, while the
English mail for America is mostly carried bj
the Cunard and White Star Lines. On account
of this rivalry, we have this constant racing
across the Atlantic, in order to see which line
can carry the mail to its destination in the
shortest possible time.
The regular mail from Great Britain foi
'enth Mo. 3, 1898.
THE FRIEND.
83
America leaves London on Fourth and Seventh-
ays, by special train for Holyhead, via St.
Jeorj^'e's Channel for Dublin, and from there,
py train, for Queenstown, to board a Canard or
Vhite Star steamer stopping for mail on their
Vay to New York. Mails are also forwarded
'rom Southampton, by the American and Nortii
5ernian Lloyd Lines, on the same days, but
etters intended for these lines must be marked
ly the sender, " via Southampton," or else tiiey
Vill be carried by the English liners. If a let-
ter is marked " By S. S. St. Paul," " St. Louis,"
tc, the letter must be carried by that boat,
.Ithough it may lay in dock for a week, and not
'ble to sail on schedule time. The scene at
iew York, Southampton, Queenstown or Lon-
lon, on the day of departing and arriving of
he transatlantic mail, is one of intense activ-
ty, and long to be remembered by one unac-
:ustomed to such excitement. In New York
larhor, on the morning of the sailing, the ex-
,;itement is intense while it lasts, and in a few
oinutes four or five hundred large bags are
baded without much ceremony or noise. In
jondon it is different in the afternoons on the
lays named. About four o'clock in the after-
ioon, red vans without number roll noisily into
he Eustin Square Station from various parts of
he vast city, with American mail, just in time
o reach the fast mail for Holyhead. As the
nail is unloaded, persons from various strata
tf society come running along, with letters in
heir hands, and line up in front of an office for
•0 pay an extra twopence into the so-called
I* Late-fee Box," before the letters will be ac-
cepted. At just four o'clock Greenwich time,
he " Late-fee Office" closes, regardless of the
lumber of delinquents ready to avail themselves
)ftheopportunity of even paying for being late,
however, the late-comer is given yet another op-
lortunity, for he now can approach the train
vhere a bag is hung direct to the train, where the
'ettersare dropped till the very last minute of the
leparture of the train. Officers of various de-
icriptions parade the walks and give commands.
Tust at the very last minute, an officer high in
•ank makes his appearance, and officers and
'.vorkmen give him room, on entering the train,
.vithout any questioning. He is the messenger
Tom the Colonial Office, with the latest decrees,
nstructions, etc, from the Home Office to the
Colonial Secretaries in the various parts of the
British possessions in the Western world. A
receipt is given for these documents, and when
he is done the train pulls out of the station and
3n to Holyhead, some two hundred and sixty
miles distant, without delay. The mail clerks
begin their work on leaving London, and are
hardly through with it on reaching Holyhead.
They must stamp, weigh, sort several thousand
letters and packages, and must be as familiar
with every city in the United States and Can-
ada as the average politician with the wards of
his town. After sorting, the wrapping up be-
gins, and when they are marked the work of
the postal clerks for that trip is ended. All
letters to Chicago, St. Louis or Montreal are
marked for those places, and will go direct.
Others again are marked "Chicago, forward,"
which means that the mail in that package
shall be opened in Chicago and sent to the var-
ous places within a radius of a hundred miles
or more of that city. It would be an impossi-
bility to sort all the mail for all the cities in
the country. Thus, a letter addressed to Ohio
or Indiana will be carried to Chicago and then
back again to the place of destination. At
Holyhead the mail has been placed in leather
bags, and in a few minutes [nit on board a
packet steamer. Officers have numbers of all
letters, numbers of bags, the delays along the
way and reasons for same. The packet speeds
across the Channel for Dublin, and the mail is
placed on a train, which carries the load of mail
at a fast rate to Queenstown. As the train
whistles for the station, the large Cunarder lies
waiting in the beautiful harbor, whistling now
and then, to urge the fast-moving train to still
greater speed. A tender lies ready to receive
the precious cargo, and a score or more of Erin's
sons are hard at work running with the mail-
bags from the train for the tender, and when
the last bag is on hoard, the little steamer glides
swiftly towards the large liner, a gangway is
thrown out, and the chief postal mail officer is
the first one on board, who brings the latest
dispatches from the British Government, and
for which the captain must give a personal re-
ceipt that he has received the same, and prom-
ising that he will carry the same safely to their
destination. In a few minutes the mail is on
board, the great steamer gives a final whistle,
its huge engines are set in motion, and across
the Atlantic speeds the vessel, with tons of mail
for the American people. The scene on arrival
in Southampton is equally interesting. As soon
as Lizard's Head is sighted, a telegram is sent
by the light-house officials to London. The
London banker and merchant are busy figuring
and planning what news will be brought of
their investments in the Far West, while the
London rag-picker, unknown to the world,
wonders when that son will write of his suc-
cesses and disasters in the mining camps of the
West. And perhaps that very ship carries a
kindly letter and a check from the son and pre-
paid tickets, that the family shall come on the
next steamer, for he has struck it rich, and will
support them all. Before the Needles are
reached, the sailors have gotten all the mail on
deck, ready for delivery, and on landing at the
pier at Southampton the mail is carried into
the train standing in wailing. In fifteen min-
utes five or six hundred bags have been placed
on the train, and it speeds away to London,
without stop, with all the mail for Great Brit-
ain, Scandinavia, Russia, Finland and Iceland,
and from those points it is sent to the various
countries.
With the increase of amount of mail, the cost
of transportation has become correspondingly
cheaper. From one to two dollars was paid
for the carrying of a letter from America to the
European countries. In 1865 the postage was
fixed at twenty-four cents from America to
England, which was thought very cheap, while
if the letter should be carried to the Continent,
twice that amount was charged. Even at that
rate six million letters were sent in 1805. In
1874, the International Postal Union was form-
ed, making the rate five cents per half ounce
to any part of the world included in the Union,
and in that year twenty million letters were
transported across the seas, and the transAtlan-
tic mail has gradually increased since then. By
the report of 1890, the United States alone sent
to f )reign countries, 41,273,312 pieces, letters,
parcels, etc., weighing 3,950,791 pounds, while
the amount of postage paid was §1,819,143.24,
and it is estimated in England that twenty-
three per cent, of the letters received from
abroad come from the United States, while
twenty per cent, of all mail sent from Old Eng-
land is addressed to this country. Hence the
amount and the importance of our Atlantic
mail.
Time was when a letter would not reach
Englanii in less than three weeks. Now the
distance between New York and Southampton
can be made in six days, while a letter can be
sent from New York via London and the Gtn-
tinent, and will return by way of San Francisco
in forty-four days.
Out of this mass of mail very little is lost.
Thousands upon thousands of dollars in money-
orders and checks are sent to and from these
two worlds every few months. Addresses are
often defective, and although the letters are
written in all handwritings and the addresses
are spelled in all language-s under the sun, still
the tried and trusted mail clerks on both si<le3
of the Atlantic have, by long experience, been
able to cipher out the meaning and direct the
welcome letter, containing both money and good
cheer, to the old folks across the sea, who, per-
haps, have waited and waited for glad tidings
from their children out here in the West.
B. L. Wick.
Cedar Rapids, Iowa.
The Cultivation of Tobacco and Morals.
Connecticut has long been noted for rai.sing
marketable tobacco. The business is now spread-
ing in Massachusetts, and 37(6 Boilon Journal
describes the great tobacco plain as extending
through Hatfield, North Hatfield, Whately,
South Deerfield, and Deerfield, and says that
there are a thousand acres of tobacco to be har-
vested in that valley this summer. Most of the
farmers in that region invest in this as practi-
call)' the only crop. Men, boys, and in some
instances women are hurrying the harvest.
A number of years ago it came in oar way
to inquire carefully as to the moral effect of
cultivating tobacco in the Connecticut regions,
and we found it to be what it generally is every-
where, and what the carrying; on of any such
business, as the cultivation of hops entirely de-
voted to the manufacture of beer, is, not con-
tributing directly to immorality, but lowering
the moral tone of the coinmunity,and diminish-
ing its responsiveness to appeals upon the higher
questions of morality and religion. The root of
this effect, particularly in the matter of tobacco,
is that the Christian man who engages in it can-
not feel that his business is a benefit to man-
kind. The highest opinion he can form of it,
and that would not bear very close inspection
from an enlightened and sensitive conscience,
is that it is not as harmful as many forms of
business which would be demanded if that did
not exist. On the whole the family and the in-
dividual deteriorate when engaged in a business
where ths article cultivated, manufactured, or
sold is not a positive beneficent quality. And
the more nearly a man comes to giving up his
entire farm to tobacco or hops, the more obvi-
ous becomes the decline of Christian sensitive-
ness.
This principle cannot be applied arbitrarily
to all individuals. Conscience does not report
upon the quantity of an article, except in per-
fectly conspicuous cases, until the judgment is
convinced. And in the sphere of judgment
particular individuals have become convinced
that certain things are right which others think
wrong; but on the principle of induction the
number of particular cases that illustrate the
tendency to which attention is herein directed
would be sufficient, in any scientific investiga-
tion, to demonstrate a general law of deteriora-
tion of moral and religious tone. — Chrktian Ad-
vocate.
84
THE FRIEND.
Tenth Mo. 3,
For "THK Fkiend."
Reminiscences.
The article " Friendly Conversations,'' in No.
51 of The Friend, 189(3, attracted the atten-
tion of the writer, partly because it was so com-
pletely in keeping with his own feelings about
that time. Kealizing that a group of fellow-
professors, at least one thousand miles away,
were like-minded, ministered encouragement ;
and partly because the names of these worthies,
the Copes and Bettles, were familiar from hav-
ing been accustomed to hear them spoken of as
worthy of double honor, by my revered parents
and their associates.
After 1816, my mother never visited her na-
tive place, Chester County, Pa., but once, which
might have been in 1833. But my father can-
vassed that part several times. The last was in
1839, as companion to the late Joseph Edger-
ton. I cannot omit the following incident,
showing the high esteem in which my mother
held her friend, Samuel Co])e. In ray early
manhood a report was circulated derogatory to
the character of that worthy man, the which,
when we heard it in our family, was very afflict-
ing, and my mother, to give us children an idea
of her disapproval of it, said to us, "I can no
more believe the like of Samuel Cope than you
could believe it of Joseph Edgerton or William
Kennard," they being Friends in high esteem
in our family. Many years ago, my mother and
Samuel Cope met each other at Ohio Yearly
Meeting, each so nearly blind that they could
not tell each other by sight. But I have been
told by those who had the privilege of being
with them, that it was very interesting and in
struclive to see and hear the dear old Christians
in conversation, they being near one age, I
think, at that time, about eighty years old.
That the Cope brothers were a remarkable
trio there is no doubt. But I confess that my
feelings were not so closely in touch with the
young man who expressed it " a pity that such
an one could not live to the age of two or three
hundred years," as they would have been if he
had said, " Is it not a pity that all men do not
submit to the influence of Divine grace upon
the heart, that they, too, -might be as lights in
the world, and useful in their day and genera-
tion ;" for this is, in the opinion of the writer,
what made them what they were, and not the
number of days and years they lived. Three
score years and ten being allotted to man, it is
no pity that he lives not longer.
The story of the boy that sold the buttons
also attracted attention, being, in its nature, so
near of kin to the following incident, in which
the writer was, many years since, a participant.
While engaged in farming, we went to the har-
vest field one morning to cut grain awhile
before meeting, as in our country the hour for
that was eleven o'clock. Myself and son were
managing the machinery. The elder of the
employes stood in the relation of father, brother
or uncle to all the crowd who, with his wife,
had been reared up in the Society of Friends,
and well used to going to all their meetings.
But for rea.sons best known to themselves, had
sacrificedtheir birth-rights, and were living what
they evidently regarded as good, moral lives,
making the attendance of meeting a secondary
thing. It had evidently iiccn pre-arranged by
the hands that they would not go to meeting,
for when the proprietor announced that all
were at liberty to attend meeting, the ready
answer was, " We are not going to-day." My
own little boys importuned for the privilege of
staying in the field, advising that it looked not
well for us all to go and leave uncles and cousins
in the field at work. They were admonished
that there was no reason why we should not go
to meeting with the Eternal Oue. "Come, boys,"
and to meeting we went. On our return, dinner
was made ready as soon as convenient. When
all were seated at the table, the elder of those
that had remained at work broke the silence by
remaikiug that he felt bound to endeavor to
make us, his em])loyers, realize the fact that, on
our leaving the field, his mind at once was so
overcome with the consideration of the respon-
sibility that he had assumed in setting the ex-
ample to the junior members of the family, that
he had had no peace, and felt that he could do
no other than ask our forgiveness, and promise
too that, as long as memory held her throne, the
like should never happen. Some of us mingled
our tears with our meal. It was very interest-
ing to the writer and his wife to meet that
brother and his family the next meeting-day at
our place of worship, and it was not many
months till request was made for their reception
into membership, which was hailed by the
church with a proportionate degree of approba-
tion, and it is presumed that those parents have
not misted a meeting-day since, without good
and sufficient cause.
This has always been a pleasant subject to
dwell upon in meditation, but never more so
than the past summer. The aged sire, being no
longer able, by reason of age, to lead the van in
the harvest field, has recently taken much com-
fort in sitting in the shade of the trees in the door-
yard, and seeing his sons, that were the little
boys that importuned for the privilege of stay-
ing in the field, the third of a century ago, now,
having their own sons as assistants, working
over the identical territory, and stopping the
machinery promptly at the hour, and repairing
to the place of worship.
Scripture Illustration.
BY WILLIAM EWISG.
" The Heart of the Wise In.structeth
His Mouth." — This form of speech is cpiite
common among the Arabs. That which a man
knows by nature, his heart gets credit for teach-
ing him. It takes the place, pretty well, assigned
by us to instinct. A man from the wilderness,
in presence of his superiors, judge or governor,
will often ctimport himself with a respectful
dignity which contrasted most faa^orably with
the bearing of the more educated townsman.
In this regard it is said of him, Kalbo yu'allimo
(" his heart instructs him"). Many of these
children of the wilds have a perfect genius for
direction and locality. Give one of them an
idea of the "lie" of a certain place. He may
never have been there before, and may know
nothing of the intervening country, but he will
set out thither with cheery confidence. The
windings and contortions of the valleys, the
multitudinous labyrinthine pathways, which are
thedespairof the Western traveller, do not cause
him a moment's anxiety. With wonderful pre-
cision he chooses his way, and duly reaches his
destination. In this his brethren say of him
" Kalbo yudillo (" His heart guides him").
" Pleasant Wokds are as an Honey-
comb."— The frequent mention of honey in the
Scriptures is evidence of how plentiful it was,
and how popular as an article of diet. "A land
flowing with milk and honey" was the descrip-
tion of thecountry which so powerfully attracted
the emancipated slaves from Egypt, It must
have more than realized their expectations. To
this day honey gathered by the wild bees and
treasured in crevices of the rocks, is found in
great quantities by the experienced Arab. In
the tents of the Bea'wy there is no more com-
mon dish than honey. With bread and milk,
or with fresh butter in season, it is oue of the
most highly prized articles of diet. Even now,
when sugar is neither dear nor difficult to ob-
tain, the Syrians often use honey, especially to
sweeten their pa^try — an article of diet much
too sickly sweet for the Western palate. Honey
is often eaten in strange combinations.
Power of a Little Thing.
Not long ago the engineers in charge of the
mechanical department of one of the leading
railways of Germany had a jieculiar problem
presented to them. For a long time this pro-
blem baffled their efforts at solution. At one
particular point on the line a series of disasten
had taken place. For these there seemed to be
no apparent cause. In spite of the most care
ful investigation the engineers were unable tc
determine why these wrecks should take place
further than that the rails appeared to be af
fected in some way so that they were easilj
broken.
At length the matter became so serious thai
the government, which in Germany controls ali
railways, appointed a commission made up o:
expert engineers to inquire into the difBcultj
and find out, if possible, the secret of these re
peated disasters. This commission made th(
most thorough examination it could, and ever
then seemed on the point of failure, when, aftei
nearly six months of careful investigation, i:
was discovered all at once that the outside o
the rails seemed to be rotting. Breaking om
of them, the astonishing fact was brought t(
light that the inside had been eaten as if by ai
acid, so that its strength was almost entirely
destroyed. Following up this clew, the en
gineers found that the cause of this destructioi
was a tiny worm of a gray color, almost like i
thread in appearance. The head of this pecu
liar insect was furnished with two minute glands
which had the power of secreting a liquid of i
wonderfully acid nature. This the worm threv
out every few. minutes in a tiny spray. So de
structive was this acid that after a time it madi
the hard iron soft and like a sponge, so that i
could be easily eaten by the worm. Thus weak
ened, the rail could not resist the shock brough
upon it by the heavy trains passing over it, an(
soon crumbled under the weight, sending thc|
engine and its load down to destruction.
Those who have worked in stone quarries o
who have made a study of the rocks have oftei
found some which have been destroyed by min
ute creatures boring through them until the;
were soft and honeycombed, the formation beinj
so weakened that the stone was wholly useless
Such stones are never put into buildings when
strength is required.
By the putting on of layer after layer th
greatest rock formations are produced. Thus wa
the rock of Gibralter made. Grain by graii
the sands were deposited one upon another
year after year the heat and cold cemeute(
these particles; century after century the wate
has worn their sides away, and even yet th
work of change goes on. So great is the powe
of these tiny forces. Little by little they di
their work, and at last the great result ap
pears. — Edgar L. Vincent in Chridiau Advo
calc.
:\ro. 3, 1S96.
THE FRIEND.
85
Lights and Shadows of Port Royal.
(Conlinued from page 77.;
Little by little llie magnetic influence of ab-
ess Angeiique spread throughuut the convent,
ntil the old rules of the order were re-e^tab-
isheil : and though the elder nuns did not
hvays give more than outward acquiescence, the
ovices responded with earnestness and sym-
»athy, and Port Royal became in a few years
L model house. Self-denial was not only in-
culcated in the teachings of Angeiique Ar-
iauld; it was strikingly exemplihed in her
)ractice. The restrictions iu diet were not im-
)Oseil upon the nuns until she had first tested
heir effects upon herself. She reserved nothing
Iner or better for herself than others received,
lod a careful consideration for others was manl-
iest iu every particular. Coupled with this was
i certain gayety of manner which helped to
soften thehard things that her government re-
[uired or circumstances necessitated. An inci-
lent comes to mind which may be in place here :
V nun was suffering greatly from a sore hand,
•nsonnich that she screamed with the pain. An-
geiique was afraid that her complaints would
iisturb the other sisters' rest; so she took her
,0 her own room, and then said to her, " Cry
i)Ut, daughter, cry out ! Do not try to restrain
i^ourself. / brought you here to cry out."
; Her confidence in theprovisionsof the Divine
Providence is brought to notice in the follow-
ing anecdote. A wealthy gentleman was look-
ug about for a suitable investment of some of
ais means, and Port Royal was iu need of money,
irhe gentleman inquired of the Mere Angeiique
kvbat security she could give for the payment
L)f the loan. She replied that she could give the
lands of the abbey, which were small, and the
Providence of God, which was great. The gen-
deman accepted the security, and we may be-
lieve, had no cause to regret his confidence.
I About 1625, the health of the nuns suffered
greatly from the unsanitary condition of the
house and grounds. Deaths were frequent and
.-'the infirmary was always full." The nuns
were disposed to look upon these things as sig-
nal evidences of Divine regard ; but some of
itheir friends, taking a more rational view of the
matter, insisted upon a change. Accordingly
(a house iu Paris was purchased and endowed,
land thither the community removed.
1 When the fame of Augelique's reformation
of Port Royal began to spread, she was called
upon to do the like good oflice for the convent
,of Maubuisson. But here her way was much
harder than at Port Royal, and her right was
Idisputed at every step. The older nuns could
never be won over entirely; but a band of
■novices then at Maubuisson, felt the influence
of her upright spirit, and became her friends
and supporters. Finally, when Angeiique was
released from Maubuisson, these novices accom-
panied her to Port Royal. But an unpleasant
ipage of the history comes in shortly after this.
Through the high-handed proceeding and im-
pertinent counsels of the Bishop of Langres
l(then a confessor at Port Royal), another abbess
was elected, and a wholly unworthy and unsuit-
able woman. " Madame de Pontcarre," gained
great influence and liberty in the community,
while some of Angelique's best friends were
stationed in another convent. Then followed
'years of persecution and shamefid humiliations
for Angeiique, out of which her strong, pure
nature rose unharmed and unchanged. This
dispensation passed away, and there was " a res-
toration," not only of the former inhabitants,
but of the foinier spiiit uzid practices of Port
Royal. Harmony, fellowship and devotion were
again its attributes ; industry, quietness and
obedience once more [)revailed.
Meanwhile there was growing up in Paris,
in tlie lodge built in the court of the AI)bot of
St. Cyran's house, the nucleus of an(jther illus-
trious company, afterwards known as the re-
cluses of Port Royal. These were at first com-
posed of the Abbe Singlin (afterwards a con-
fessor at Port Royal), Lancelot, and the two
brothers, De Sericourt and De Saci. Li the
year 1637, they, with a few others, removed to
the deserted building of Port Royal des Champs,
where they were presently joined by the elder
Le Maitre, Antoine Arnauld and others. They
improved the buildings, and drained and beau-
tified the grounds; they cultivated fine fruits,
made wine, and carried on other occupations.
But particularly famous were the Port Royal
schools, far outstripping in educational value
the schools of the Jesuits, while the Port Royal
text-books were long in vogue in P^ ranee and
in England. Pascal, who was often in the
Port Royal community, so far anticipated the
educational reform of recent times, as to adopt
or invent a plan for teaching children to read
without the previous learning of the alphabet,
and we find his sister Jacqueline writing to him
for information as to his methods iu that par-
ticular.
Some allusion has already been made to St.
Cyran, as he is called, but whose real name was
Jean Duvergier de Hauranne. He was for
some years a great spiritual force among the
Port Royalists, and his influence probably never
disappeared from the lives of most of those
members of the community who had partaken
of his counsel and sat under his teaching. This
influence must have been due chiefly to his su-
perior integrity and discernment; for the style
of his address seems to have been severe, and
his doctrines not very easy to the natural man.
But he was remarkable for his fearless upright-
ness and his apparent disinterestedness. It is
admitted that the best features (if there are any
good ones) of the confessional prerogatives were
shown by St. Cyran. " You must examine your-
self before God," said he, " whether you have
really been that which you have made yourself
appear. Sometimes extravagance hurries the
mind to say what it does not believe, and to
pursue what it does not approve." "Beware
of exaggeration ; there is most humility in a
simple confession. One need not examine one's
self to remember important sins; their impres-
sion is not effaced, for it belongs to the very
immortality of the soul."
A controversy existed between St. Cyran and
Cardinal Richelieu on doctrinal matters ; and
as the cardinal found that the abbot could
neither be ruled out of his beliefs nor flattered
out of his rectitude, he finally had him impris-
oned in Viucennes, where he remained until
after the cardinal's death in 1642. Closely
coupled with the name of St. Cyran was that
of Cornelius Jansen — or Jansenius — a member
of a Dutch family of very humble rank. These
two were students together at the university of
Louvain ; and afterwards pursued their studies
together with extreme diligence and zeal at the
home of Hauranne near Bayonne. Still later
they began a careful investigation of the tradi
tions and doctrines of the Romish Church, com
ing unitedly to the conviction that much of
what was taught and believed was but the fon-
ciful and deceitful work of the schoolmen, and
had not the authority of the early fathers. St.
Cyran iudeed afterward boldly averred that
there wag at that time no church, and had been
none fur centuries. They went backward there-
fore in the history of the church for something
more trustworthy to rest their faith upon, but
unfortunately they stopjied at Augustine. His
expositions of doctriues .seem to have been ac-
cepteil in their entirety, and Janseidus set
about the collating and reviewing of his works.
After years of assiduous labor he put forth the
fruits of it in a cumbrous Latin work known as
the Augustinus. This was the source of a con-
troversy which liisted the remainder of that
century, and set in motion a wave of feeling
which shook the church to its centre. We may
believe the ecclesiastical powers to have been
then in something of a quandary. They vtished
to suppress this work and also to jjreserve the
traditions which had so much hold on the peo-
ple's minds; but to condemn Jansen's book
might i)e to condemn Augustine himself, which
would lead to great embarrassment indeed. But
Rome, never long at a loss for some device to
bring about her own ends, finally succeeded in
so construing some things in Jansen's book, as
to constitute a set of objectionable and heret-
ical propositions, which were asserted to be in
the book. It should have been stated that Jan-
sen's great work was not published until after
his death, which occurred in 1638. In his will
he stated that though it would be difficult to
alter anything as concerning his writings, still if
the church wished any alteration he ivas her
obedient son. His friemls, however, suppressed
the will and published the book. When it fell
under the papal condemnation, Antoine Ar-
nauld took up the defense, and the other Port
Royalists espoused the cause. But such a com-
munity at such a time was not likely to remain
long unmolested. The recluses were brought
under ecclesiastical criticism, and it soon be-
came necessary for Le Maitre to issue a defense,
from which the following is an extract :
"If for five or six t) pray privately to God
as they may chance to meet, and using none
but the ordinary prayers of the church, be to
form such a community as is interdicted by or-
dinances ; if to eat in the same room be to con-
stitute an illegal union ; and to read pious books
instead of entertaining ourselves with vain and
useless talk, be to render those meals profane
and illicit; if to live soberly and to make the
church's fasts a little longer than common, . .
without in this respect compelling anyone to act
thus, and being as f.ir as possible from blaming
those who act otherwise ; if this be to set a bad
example and one pernicious to decency of life,
we must needs conclude that what St. Basil calls
a more pure and exact profe.ssion of Christianity
is forbidden in our day ; that we are less at
liberty to practise solid virtue than are the men
of the world to abandon themselves to vice ; and
that a few persons cannot Viith impunity serve
God, while so many more are permitted without
restraint to serve the devil."
(To be continued.)
Catching Monkeys in South Africa. —
The monkeys are considered a nuisance in
South Africa because of their depredations on
the vegetable gardens. One method of catch-
ing them is rather amusing. They are very
fond of pumpkin seeds, so a pumpkin with a
small hole cut in it is placed near their haunts.
The monkey slips his hand in easily enough,
srabs a good fistful of seeds, and tries to with-
draw them. The hole is not big enough for the
passage of his clenched hand, and he has not
sense enough to reason this out ; and so whilst
86
THE FRIEND.
Tenth Mo. 3, 1896
he is struggling with the pumpkin he is cap-
tured.— E. Clainnontes Africander.
For "The Friend."
Lime Deposits of Southern New Jersey.
Southern New Jersey appears to the geologist
an interesting and instructive field of inquiry
into the changes which have been wrought on
the earth's surface by the action of water. This
is especially the case in the Marl region, which
occupies a strip of country from si.x to fifteen
miles in width, stretching from the ocean below
Sandy Hook to Salem on the Delaware.
These marl beds consist of several well marked
layers of marl, sand and shells, which lie on
each other with much regularity — although the
exposures are irregular, owing to the varying
thickness of the materials lying above them.
One of the most prominent ingredients is the
green sand, which consists of small green grains,
which were undoubtedly deposited in the ocean,
as is shown by so many sea-shells and animals
occurring in the deposit. The number of these
shells is almost incalculable. For example,
there is a bed of one kind — the Terebrahda
Harlani — which is ninety miles long, and has
proved to be at least a mile wide, and is from
two to three feet thick. The whole bed is en-
tirely made up of this species, and they are
packed together just as close as they can lie.
Among the inhabitants of the ocean are
various species of very minute animals forming
calcareous shells. These shells are very small
— many times smaller than the head of a pin,
yet they have contributed largely to the forma-
tion of limestone strata. They consist of one
or more cells, and the compound kinds present
various fanciful shapes. The Green sand is
supposed to receive its shape from having been
moulded in these minute shells. The materials
of which it is composed are dissolved in the
sea-water, and tiiey are combined by a chemical
action — whether the grains are secreted by the
living animalcules, or in what way they are
formed, is not well known.
The same green earth has been found in the
shells of recent animalcule ; and there is reason
to believe that in parts of the ocean, especially
beneath the gulf stream, a deposit of this kind
is now going on ; so that it is not improbable
that the present marl belt marks the course of
an ancient current of warm water, the prede-
cessor of the present gulf stream.
The history of the Marl deposit is an inter-
esting illustration of the manner in which Di-
vine wisdom uses the long continued agency of
the very small among his created objects to ac-
complish wonderful changes in the earth's sur-
face. From the regularity of the beds of the
marl, it is probable that they were deposited in
deep water, below the disturbing influence of
surface agitations.
The marl beds contain layers of limestone
and limesand: and a friend liaving offered to
pilot the writer to some of these in the vicinity
of Salem, the ninth of Ninth Month was selected
for the e.xcursion, and a small party of three
took the cars on tliat day. Our stopping point
was about four miles north of Salem, and not
more than a mile from the locality we wished
to visit. We followed the road till we came to
a small stream of water that crossed it, and that
flowed through a swampy meadow that skirted
a steep bank in which the deposits we were
seeking were located.
Below the surface of earth and sand the quar-
rymen had come to a strata of limesand, more
or less mixed with the silicious sand common
to this section of country. Successive layers of
the limesand were intermingled with the layers
of limestone. We counted about half a dozen of
these on the face of the perpendicular bank.
The geological report of New Jersey describes
a layer of shells below these and underneath
that, the Green Marl, but the excavations here
had not been deep enough to reach these, if
they e.Kisted. A person living in the neighbor-
hood seemed pretty certain that there was no
marl there, although it was found in a valley
near by. A very large amount of stone had
been quarried along the bank of this meadow.
It was probably cheaper to follow the edge of
the valley than to dig below the general level,
or to go further into the bank, at the cost of re-
moving greater quantitiesof the overlying earth.
Large piles of the limesand had accumulated
near the workings, and an examination of the^e
furnished to our party a number of specimens
of broken shells and other marine objects of
various shapes, proving that the lime had its
origin in the former inhabitants of the ocean.
It had probably been deposited at a period
when the water had become shallow, by a grad-
ual rise of the land.
Along the low ground bordering the stream
of water, there were numerous species of plants,
some of them of considerable botanical interest.
Among these was the Swamp Loosestrife (Z)e-
codon verticillalm), & shrnh with bright purple
flowers in the axils of its leaves; the Indian
Rice or Water Oats (Zizania aqmtica), errone-
ously spoken of in a previous article as Phrag-
mites communis. Lobelia injiata or Indian to-
bacco, derives its specific name from the in-
flated seed-vessel. It is a poisonous plant, and
some years ago was brought into notoriety by
its use as a quack medicine. The delicate fern
Aspidium ihelypteris grew in the low ground.
The fruit bearing fronds are remarkable for the
extent to which the edges of the small divisions
of the frond are rolled back — revolute. All
along the stream grew a plant which is not
very common in Southern New Jersey, the
Scouring Rush (Equiseium hyemale). The cuticle
of the plant abounds in silicious matter, which
gives it a harsh feeling, and adapts it for scour-
ing and polishing hardwood, metals, etc. The
stems are simple and spear-like, and bear a
terminal spike of fruit at their summit. These
spikes had now disappeared. A large and very
sliowy plant, with yellow flowers, proved to be
the Sneeze Wort {Helenixnn mdumnak). The
rays of the corolla are reflexed, or bent back-
ward, and the stem is winged with the apparent
entension of the leaves downward. A bush of
about six feet in height attracted our attention
by the abundance of white fruit with which it
was loaded. It proved to be the White or Pani-
cled Dog- wood (^Corniis paniculata). Growing
near it was another species of Dog-wood, the
Red Osier ( Cornusstolonifer-a). The small branch-
lets of this are red purple in color, and the fruit
was a pale lead color. It extends itself by un-
derground shoots, and thus forms broad clumps.
We met with several of the Golden Rods — two
of which, the Solidago serotina, and the Solldago
Canadensis are quite similar to each other, but
the stem of one is smooth and the other rough
hairy. Another species of Golden Rod was the
Blue-stemmed. It is well-marked by having
the clusters of flowers placed in the axils of the
leaves along the stem. The contrast between
the bright yellow of the flowers and the green
leaves renders it a beautiful species.
There were numerous other plants noticed —
as our list amounted to about eighty species.
We had brought the materials for a luncb
with us, and this was enjoyed, seated on the
stones about the quarry. A neighboring farmei
kindly informed us that his wife designed mak-
ing some coflee for us — and this also was <
joyed in due time, on our return. The apples'
lying under the trees of his orchard looked at;
tractive, but he said that after hand-picking
them and carting four or five miles to Salem, he
could obtain for them only five cents a basket
The stones and the plants principally en-
grossed our attention, but we saw one of tht :
curious box tortoises which can shut themselves
within their shells, and a few birds. I
Our kind friend took us to view a fine spring
two or three hundred yards from the house. Id
our walk we passed some chicken grape vine
loaded with fruit, which cold weather would
make very toothsome, but which as ypt retained
too much astringency to be very good; alsc
some wild cherry trees with abundance of cher-
ries upon them.
Within a few miles of the spot we were visit '
ing, in digging for marl some years ago, the'
workmen came across the tusk of a mastodon,
It was secured as a prize, but the following
morning it was found that exposure to the ait
had caused it to crumble, so that its value as a
specimen was lost. Sometime after, the skull
of a mastodon was found in the same neighbor-
hood, whether a remnant of the same animal oi
not, we do not know. The precaution was taken
to coat this with some adhesive substance, which
prevented its disintegration. I believe it is now
in the State museum at Trenton. To preserve
bones which have long been buried, it has been
recommended to soak them in a weak solution
of glue, which penetrates the pores of the bones
and binds the particles together.
The bones of animals may be regarded as
composed of cartilage, the basis of which is glue,
in the cells of which are deposited mineral sub-
stances, mainly phosphate of lime, which give
them their hardness and firmness. By long
boiling and other means, the cartilage may be
removed and the bone left in a chalky condi-
tion, so as to be easily broken up. This is what
takes place in nature, when bones have long
been buried in the earth. Soaking them in glue
water in some measure restores them to their
original condition.
One of our little party on this excursion has
been familiar from childhood with the section
of country through which we passed, and has
furnished the writer with some details of interest
respecting it.
Just north of Oldman's Creek was the home
many years ago of a humble minded, consistent
Friend named Thomas Lippincott. He never
accumulated much property, and had but littlei
education, but possessed considerable natural
mathematical ability. His nephew, when a
scholar at Wilmington, Delaware, finding his
teachers puzzled over a difficult problem, sent
it to Thomas Lippincott, and he returned it
with the answer worked out by three different
methods.
Near Woodstown was the home of that worthy
minister, Rebecca Hubbs. She was weak men-
tally, but when spiritual subjects were intro-
duced in conversation, she would speak as with
the assurance of Divine revelation. Like James
Simpson
" Filled by her Master, wondionsly she shone.
The emptied vessel scarce could stand alone."
Owing to her natural deficiency. Friends
were in the way of managing her business, and
•uth Mo. 3, 189(5.
THE FRIEND.
hen moiling a new house they selected as they
(ni^'lit the proper place on her lot for it. She
ill '■ No," and chose another spot. As she was
ni in her decision, the house was placed where
e desired. When they came to dig the cellar
,ey found a bed of ochre — a variety of iron ore
i-and enough of it was taken out to pay for
ijildins^ the simple home she needed.
; The limestone outcrop we visited was upon
,e headwaters of Mannington Creek. A simi-
,r formation is found on the north fork of Big
limber Creek at Laurel Springs,
J. W.
I Baboons and Ostrich Eggs.
One morning at breakfast we were disturbed
If a Kaffir herd, who ran in, calling out, " The
^boons are stealing eggs!" Up we jumped,
iized our rifles from the gun racks and ran
jwn towards the ostrich camps. One side of
ae breeding birds' paddocks was bounded by
16 river, and the baboons had crossed it from
16 rocky hill on the opposite side. So Barker,
pe baas, who was a crack shot, crossed over to
^tercept them, whilst we prepared to tackle
jiem on our side. As usual, there was one
eeping watch, and as soon as he caught sight
f us he gave the alarm, and off they scampered
n the direction of Barker, who was hiding in
|)m6 bushes.
We fired a few shots, without any effect, and
aused to watch the sport on the other side,
he baboons, thinking they were safe, began to
,baugh-in," and their loud bark echoed down
le hill-side. Presently a white puff of smoke
jlled out of some bushes amongst the rocks,
lid we saw a large baboon tumble down the
iill-side. Another puff — another — and the
hole troop scampered up the steep hill at a
lOnderful pace, to disappear over the brow.
foing home to finish our breakfast, we could
ear their laughing behind us, as if in derision
,t our attempt to shoot them. Barker soon
rrived with a Kaffir carrying the dead baboon,
I'hich was skinned to make whip-lashes for the
cock whips.
These raids were becoming a great nuisance
swell as a serious loss, for they destroyed quan-
^ties of ostrich eggs, which, at that time, were
jalued at five pounds each. We planned to
unt them the next day, with the assistance of
ur neighbors, who were also troubled by them.
lessages were sent around, and next morning
welve of us breakfasted together, and started,
,'ith a dozen dogs, to scour the hills. They are
iich wary brutes that it takes considerable
itrategy to get near them.
Having lost our pack, we surrounded another
-ill, and, with the help of the dogs, succeeded in
feeping them on the top. The dogs were amongst
hem before we arrived, and we could hear a
erce fight above us. Scrambling up as fast as
i'6 could, we came right into the thick of it.
)ne dog lay dead, and several were bleeding
ladly from severe wounds. We killed most of
hem before they could escape — the dogs had
lot killed one. It would take a very large and
lowerful dog to master a baboon, and, in any
ase, he would stand a poor chance. These
ellows stand about four feet high, with power-
ul jaws and arms that hang nearly to their
eet. One of them would catch a small dog in
ts strong grip, and inserting its teeth in a fleshy
)art, rip the unfortunate animal to pieces and
lirow it aside. A Cape dog is strong and very
;arae, and will nearly always kill a snake when
le meets one. We had another skirmish with
t small troop, with good results, and went home
satisfied that we would be left in ])eace for a
time.
Baboon-killing is, to me, too unpleasant to be
called sport. The resemblance to humanity,
though unflattering, is too close. They are the
only animals I know that meet one with a look
in their eyes of positive, intelligent, human ex-
pression, and once, when a female baboon I hud
shot, put her little black finger in the wound,
and drew it out, red with blood, showing it to
me, with a piteous look in her eyes and a cry
like a hurt child, it made me quite sick, and I
felt a kind of pang of conscience. — The Afric-
ander.
Natural History, Science, etc.
Is Sulphur Fumigation of Much U»e ? — No,
says the Lancet, unless the articles are wet.
Rather let rooms be well washed with corrosive
sublimate, using one part by weight to 1,000 of
water. Whatever will bear the treatment should
be washed in boiling water. Carpets, blankets,
etc., which cannot be wetted should be disin-
fected by dry steam. Corrosive sublimate (one
teaspoonful dissolved in two quarts of boiling
water) is now much used to preserve rugs, furs,
etc., from clothes moths. Camphor is not only
very dear now, but has no harmful effect on
the grubs, if once the eggs are laid. It only
acts by discouraging the curiosity of the egg-
laying parent. Hang the articles to be treated
on a line, and with a whisk dijiped into the
liquid and shaken free from excess of moisture
brush them well over on both sides, enough
slightly to dampen them. The liquid should
ni/t fall upon hands or face.
A Mine a Mile Deep all but a Hundred Yards
is one of the latest big things. This depth has
been reached in the Calumet and Hecla copper
mine, the shaft being 22Jft. by Hi't. in section,
and divided into six compartments. It is work-
ed by two pairs of triple expansion engines, of
6,000 hoi-se-power in all. A ten -ton load is
hoisted up in rather less than a quarter of an
hour. Few other mines exceed half a mile in
depth, although in recent years two or three
well-borings have exceeded a mile in depth.
The temperature of this mine has naturally
been a matter of much interest, and has been
found to be of exceptional character. In Eng-
lish and most other mines and borings there
has been an increase of 1^ F. for every 60ft., or
so of depth. Temperatures were taken at 10-5ft.,
at 655ft. (the level of Lake Superior), 1,257ft.,
(the sea-level), and at four other depths to
4,580fr. The utmost care was taken, as was
natural in a mine belonging to the great natu-
ralist, Alexander Agassiz. But instead of 60ft.,
they find that 224ft. are needed to give an in-
crease of 1° F. This entirely modifies preva-
lent ideas as to the temperature of the crust.
Obviously, the increase is less uniform than
was supposed. If the rate here determined
were kept up, the melting point of rocks would
be reached at about eighty miles instead of
twenty. The difference, perhaps, may be as-
sociated with the fact that previous observations
have been made in much disturbed regions, like
Great Britain, or else in delta regions, where
great level changes have been going on. But
in Michigan we are dealing with the Archaean
or most ancient known sedimentary rocks, which
have been little disturbed since they were de-
posited.— The London Friend.
Honey Bird. — Riding out oue day with
Smith to collect some ostriches, we noticed a
little brown bird, which kept chirping and flit-
ting around us. Smith at once recognized it a^
the honey bird, and said that, if we were to
follow it, it would lead us to a bees' nest. We
reined in our horses, and the little bird took a
short flight in one direction and back tu us
again. After it had repeated this manieuvre
several times, we proceeded to follow it; it led
us up a kloof, and there, sure enough, in the
hollow trunk of a spekboein tree, was a fine
bees' nest. We smoked out the bees, and turn-
ing our soft felt hats inside out, put in the
combs, and cantered home with them, not fcjr-
getting, however, to leave some for our feathered
guide. This little bird is known to take leop-
ards, baboons and other animals to bees' nests,
and it is said that not only do animals know the
object of the bird, but they always leave it some
honey, or allow it to eat with them ! — The Afri-
cander.
THE FRIEND.
TENTH MONTH .1, 1896.
When our Holy Redeemer was personally on
earth, he exhorted his disciples "to seek first
the kingdom of God," and He taught them,
that the man who preferred anything before
Him, was not worthy of Him. Indeed there
are many texts in tlie Bible which warn the
follower of Christ not to devote himself too ex-
clusively to the accumulation of those riches
which perish with the using, or which moths
and rust can corrupt, or which may be stolen
by thieves.
It is the duty of every one of us to love the
Lord above all that He has created ; and to
seek to be conformed to his holy will so that
we may be prepared to enjoy communion with
Him in the world to come. We believe the
cautions alluded to above refer not only to the
accumulation of riches as commonly understood
but may be wisely regarded by those whose
main object in life seems to be the accumulation
of literary and scientific knowledge, or the im-
provement of their own intellectual faculties.
Not that these things are wrong in themselves,
any more than the acquisition by honest methods
of a reasonable amount of property ; but every
thing of a worldly or temporal nature must be
subordinated to our spiritual iuterests. These
things are useful to us in passing through life,
and may enable us to help others in various
ways ; but they all pass away, and the language
of our Saviour is very suggestive: "Mary hath
chosen the good part, which shall never be taken
from her."
It is a common experience of those who live
to advanced age, that their memory and other
faculties gradually fail with the increase of
years, so that even those who have been gifted
more than the ordinary class of mortals become
as weak in intellect as a child.
A few years ago we attended the funeral of
an amiable friend to whom we felt attached,
and who had accumulated an uncommon store
of botanical knowledge, which he freely dis-
pensed to others. As we sat with the company
which assembled on this occasion, the thought
presented, that with the close of life, his scien-
tific attainments had disappeared, and that the
one thing important that remained to him, was
the degree in which he had submitted to the
visitations of Divine grace, and thereby been
brought into fellowship \sith his Lord and Sa-
THE FRIEND.
Tenth Mo. 3, 1896.
viour, and prepared for an eternity of spiritual
happiness.
It is found to be very helpful to those who
are studying any particular branch of science
to make collections of specimens which illus-
trate the facts they wish to remember. Hence
we have collections of minerals, shells, animals
and plants, which are of great interest and
value; and we have no wish to discourage those
thus employed. But it is no uncommon occur-
rence, as old age creeps on, to find such collec-
tions becoming a burthen to their possessors,
and that relief is sought by donating their ac-
cumulations to societies or institutions of learn-
ing, where they will be properly cared for and
made useful in the instruction of others.
We have no wish to discourage a reasonable
pursuit of scientific knowledge, or collection of
scientific objects, but in thinking of some of our
younger Friends, whose tastes lead them in that
direction, we have felt a concern that they may
keep everything in its proper place, and seek
the kingdom of God more earnestly than any
other acquisition ; and be sufiieieatly impressed
with the force of the query, " What shall it
profit a man if he gain the whole world, and
lose his own soul?" When death comes, what
advantage will it be to a man to have estab-
lished a reputation fur knowledge or ability?
" Can flattery soothe the dull cold ear of death ?"
In introducing to our pages the article on
Westphalian Friends, it was stated that it had
been translated from the German by our friend
William Archut. This was an inference of the
editor, arising from the fact that the copy was
furnished by William Archut. We are in-
formed that the translation was made by John
F. Schnell.
SUMMARY OF EVENTS.
Ukited State-s. — On the 28th ult., the net gold in
the United States Treasury at the close of business
stood at $122,045,550. The gold withdrawals at New
York amounted to $98,200. There was received at
New York $2,000,000 in gold in exchange for currency.
The bottom of the Pacific between Hawaii and Cali-
fornia is said to be so level that a railroad could be
laid for 600 miles without the grade anywhere. This
fact was discovered by the United States surveying
vessel engaged in making soundings with the view of
laying a cable.
The property of the Philadelphia and Reading
Eailroad Company and the Philadelphia and Reading
Coal and Iron Company was sold at auclinn in this
city oa the 23d ult., under the decree of the United
States Circuit Court in the foreclosure suit brought by
the trustees of the general mortgage bonds. The total
of the bids was §20,500,000. The properties were pur-
chased for the reorganization managers, represented
by J. P. Morgan & Co., of New York, who were the
ouly bidders.
Farmers about Osceola, Mo., raise only corn and oats
in large quantities, and the merchants of the place
have to import potatoes, onions and other small vege-
tables; while over in Kansas, in the neighborhood of
Arkansas Cily, one farmer this season has raised lUOO
bushels of wliite onions, and sold them at 50 cents a
bushel.
Piled up in the lumber yards of Marinetlee and
Menominee, Mich., are at present 225,000,000 feet of
lumber. Before the seas(m is over the amount in the
yards will be over 300,000,000 feet. This lumber is
worth, at a conservative estimate, over §53,000,000.
John Wanaraakerhas purchased the entire business
establishment of thefirm of Hilton, Hughes&Co., New
York, the great dry goods house founded by A. T.
Stewart i&Co., and will conduct a store in the metropo-
Us on the same lines that have made his Philadelphia
house so successful.
Hundreds of millers flying about the electric power
of the Pendleton, Ore., Light Company, entered the
building through au open window one night, and
being drawn by suction under a bell leading to the
big dynamo, stopped the machinery and put out all
the lights in town.
A despatch from Deadwood, South Dakota, says that
the typhoid epidemic in Lead City increase^!. " Over
200 miners are laid off, and it is almost impossible to
tiud men enough for the mines. Doctors and nurses
are being brought in from outside, and still there are
scarcely enough well people to care for the sick. The
disease is of the most malignant type. A number of
cases are reported in Deadwood."
A Springfield (Mass.), despatch says that Mount
Holyoke College was entirely destroyed by fire on the
night of the 27tb ultimo. The main building, all the
dormitories and gymnasium went to the ground. Loss,
§50,000 to $75,000.
Deaths in this city last week numbered 349, which
is 78 less than the previous week and 51 less than the
corresponding week of 1895. Of the whole number
178 were males and 171 females: 50 died of consump-
tion ; 28 of pneumonia; 27 of heart disease; 21 of
marasmus; 15 of inflammation of the stomach and
bowels; 13 of apoplexy; 12 of inflammation of the
brain; 12 of cancer; 12 of convulsions; 11 of neph-
ritis; 11 of old age; 10 of cholera infantum; 10 of
diphtheria; 9 of inanition, and 8 from casualties.
Markels, &c.—\]. S. 2's, 92J a 94; 4's, reg., 106J a
107 J; coupon, 107 J a 108J; 4's, new, 116 a 116J; 5's,
llOi a IIU; currency 6's, 100 a 105.
Cotton. — Prices ruled steady on a basis of 8}Jc.
per pound for middling uplands.
Feed.— Winter bran in bulk, quoted $!).00 a$10.00,
and spring do., in sacks, at $8.50 a $9.50 per ton.
Floor.— Winter super, $2.10 a $2.25; do., extras,
$2.25 a $2.60 ; Pennsylvania roller, clear, $3.15 a $3.30;
do., do., straight, $3.30 a $3.00 ; Western winter, clear,
$3.10 a $3.25; do., do., straight, $3.40 a $3.60; do.,
do., patent, $3.70 a $4.00 ; spring, clear, $2.90 a $3.15 ;
do., straight, $3.40 a $3.60 ; do., patent, $3.70 a $4.00 ;
do., favorite brands, higher. City mills, extra, $2.25
a $2.60; do., clear, $3.20 a $3.35; do., straight, $3.40
a $3.66 ; do., patent, $3.80 a $4.00. Rye Flour was
quiet but firm at $2.40 per barrel for choice Penua.
Grain. — No. 2 red wheat, 68 a 6S^c.
No. 2 mixed corn, 27 a 27ic.
No. 2 white oats, 26J a 26|c.
Beef Cattle. — Extra, 4 J a 4f ; good, 4} a 4fc.;
medium, 4 a 4Jc.; common, 3j a ojc.
Sheep and Lambs. — Extra, 3J a 3|c.; good, 3 a 3Jc.;
medium, 2i a 2|c.; common, 2 a 2Jc.; culls, 1 a Ijc;
lambs, 3 a 53c.
Hogs.— Western, 5} a 5.Jc. State, 4Jc.
Foreign.- On the 23id of last month. Queen Vic-
toria was congratulated upon having occupied the
throne longer than any other British Sovereign. In
accordance with the desire of the Queen, the occasion
will not be celebrated olficially until 1897, when she
will have completed the sixtieth year of her reign.
A dispatch from London of the same date says :
" John Lowles, member of the House of Commons for
Haggerston Division of Shoredilch, has written a let-
ter to the Daily News, in which he asserts that the
remarks made by him at the meeting held in Shore-
ditch on the evening of the 21st instant to protest
aj;ainst the massacre of Christians by Turks, were in-
correctly reported. Lowles declares that he did not
state that he was authorized by the Foreign Office to
say that Great Britain was confronted by an agree-
ment between the three Powers that, if siie attacked
Turkey upon any excuse or pretext, she would have
to face that combination, and that if she fired a single
shot or took action alone, it would mean that at that
moment there would be a European war."
At a mass meeting on the 24th of last month, held
in Liverpool under the auspices of the Liverpool Re-
form Club, to protest against the rule of the Sultan of
Turkey and the massacres of Armenians in the Turk-
ish Empire, W. Gladstone made a speech, in which he
said : " England has a just right to coerce Turkey, and
the first step must be the recall of our A'libassador to
Constantinople, and the consequent dismissal of the
Turkish Ambassador in London. The resolution which
I have proposed observes the rules of prudence, and
does not require, even for the sake of a great end, that
we place ourselves in state of war with united Eu-
rope. Let us extract ourselves from our present am-
biguous position. Let us renounce our neutialiiy.
Let us, by loyally promising her Majesty's Ministers
our ungrudging and enthusiastic support, induce them,
by word and deed, to show their detestation of acts
which may even yet come to such a depth of atrocity
as has never yet been recorded in the deplorable his-
tory of human crime." Gladstone's anti-Turkish
speech was wired to the Sultan. The press of Europe
generally criticise it sharply.
There is high authority for slating that just prior
to going to Balmoral, the Czar caused his Ambassador,
Nelidof, to report to him specially on tlve Sultan's
moral and mental condition. At the time the order
was given Nelidoff was absent on leave from his post
at Constantinople. The Czar's request pointed to a
consideration of questions whether Abdul Hamid
could be trusted to reign quietly under new conditions
or must be deposed.
The Dervishes have evacuated the Province of Don-
gola. A number of Dervish Emirs have surrendered
to the Egyptian troops.
Cavite, in the Philippine Island-t, is occupied by
15,000 insurgents. Over a hundred monks have been
murdered in the islands since the breaking out of the
rebellion. Many were burned to death. They were
fastened to trees, their clothing having been soaked
with kerosene oil and then ignited.
The Spanish Goverrment is making preparations to
send 8, OUO additional troops to the Philippine Islands
at once, and also to increase the garrison on the island
of Fernando Po.
A Hungarian named Hartz has patented in France
a cheap electrical storage battery, in which the elec-
tricity is generated by tlie vibrations of the transverse
rays disclosed by Roentgen's experiments uuiler the
pressure of atmospheric air. He asserts that his ap-
paratus can keep twenty lamps of ten-candle power
going for eight thousand hours.
By a dispatch from San Francisco dated Ninth
Mo. 23, it appears that Kobe in Japan was nearly wiped
out by a destructive conflagration on Eighth Month,
26th, and floods, storms and earthquakes caused the
lossof hundreds of lives and the destruction of milliuns
of d. liars' worth of property in Northern Japan. The
steamer Doric, from the Orient, brought the news of
another series of catastrophes that has befallen the
Mikado's realm. In Gifu prefecture 400 houses were
blown down, and along the Haji-Gawa 4,900 persons
lost their lives. The severest storms occurred on
Eighth Month 30lh, along the Isatsu-Cawa. Eighty-
four lives were lost. At Kobe, after the fire had de-
vastated the city, forty people were swept to their
death by the flood. In other provinces the loss of life
reached 2,500.
Advices from Jacmel, one of the principal ports of
Hayti, which does an extensive trade with the United
States, are to the effect that a conflagration that oc-
curred there destroyed three-quarters of the town.
The fire-appliances in the place were primitive, and
little could be done to check the progress of the fire.
Many persons have lost everything they possessed,
and the suffering among them is very great. The city
has a population of about 6,000.
RECEIPTS.
Unless otherwise specified, two dollars tiave been re-
ceived from each person, paying for vol. 70.
W. T. Cooper, N. J.; Lloyd Balderston and George '
Balderston, Md.; A. F. Huston, Pa., and for Elizabeth :
B. Galley; Mary Hasket, O.: James E. Armstrong,
Pa., $4; Wm. M. Parker and for Anna C. Worrell,
Pa.; Amelia Bedell. Cal.; Mary M, Dillon, Kan., $1;
Oliver Miller, O.; Rachel E. Bell, N. J.; Ruth A. Cran-
dall, R. I.; Benjamin Heritage, N. J., to No. 13, vol.
71 ; Julianna Peele, N. C; Casper T.Sharpless, N. J.,
and for Sarah T. Warrington ; Alva J. Smith, Agent,
for Sabina Hiatt, Kan.; Thos. E. Smith, Agent, la.,
$8, for John Q. Spencer, Wm. D. Smith, James L.
White and Hannah W. \Villiams; Margaret .J.Jones,
Canada; Matilda W. Warner, Pa.; Sarah W.Bacon,
N. J.; L. Caroline Ash, Pa., per Walter P. Ash.
tl^'Remitlanees received after Third-day evening i
not appear in the Receipts until the following week.
NOTICES.
A Friend wishes a position as housekeeper, (
panion, or assistant, either in household duties oi
oflice work. Address B. M., office of The Friend.
The Annual Meeting of the Corporation oi
Haverford College will be held in the Committee
Boom of Arch Street Meeting-house, Philadelphia
on Third-day, Tenth Month 13th, 1896, at 3 o'clock
p. M. The charter requires an attendance of twenty .
to constitute a quorum ; therefore members are par
ticularly requested to be present, if it is possible foi
them to do so.
That future notices may not be delayed, pleasi
notify the Secretary of any change in arldress.
George Vaux, Jr., Sec'y,
404 Girard Building, Pbila.
WILLIAM H. PILE'S SONS, PRINTERS,
No. 422 Walnut Street.
THE FRIEND.
A Religious and Literary Journal.
VOL. LXX.
SEVENTH-DAY, TENTH MONTH 10, 1896.
No. 12.
PUBLISHED WEEKLY.
Price, if paid in advance, $2.00 per annum.
Shibscriptions, payments and business communicalions
received by
Edwin P. Sellew, Publisher,
No. 207 Walnut Place,
(Siuthfrom Walnut Street, between Third and Fourth,)
PHILADELPHIA.
Articles designed for insertion to he addressed to
JOSEPH WALTON,
MooRESTOWN, Burlington Co., N. J.
Entered as second-class matter at Philadelphia P. O.
liary and Letters of Deborah Brooks Webb.
(Continued from page 82.;
1855.— Sixth Month 3rd.— I have just been
[looking over what I was a year ago, and see so
little change for the better that 1 feel almost
iliscouraged. I know sanctification is a gradual
York and do sincerely desire that one year more
nay I have more dedication and obedience to
,he best of Masters.
Last Fourth-day was Monthly Meeting, Yard-
ley Warner there and spoke. " He that loveth
his life shall lose it, but he that hateth his life
m my sake, shall keep it unto life eternal." H.
spoke against having little idols.
. Dear Hannah Gibbons ha^ been very ill, but
s now recovering, for which 1 am very glad and
:hankful.
Sixth Month 10th.— Dear said. The
Consolation of man was almost in vain to soothe
ihe afflicted. " Atfliciion cometh not forth of
the dust, neither doth trouble spring out of the
Ground." It is sent fur our good, to wean us
from placing too much dependence upon our
i3omforts iu this world. " Where your treasure
Is, there will your heart be also." "Lay up for
yourselves treasure in heaven." With holy con-
fidence come unto Him and appeal as Hagar
■did. " Thou God seest me." In time we shall
be enabled to see that affliction was for our
good. " For all we bless thee most for the
severe."
Yesterday was the funeral of a little babe. It
being Seventh-day afternoon I could go. Went
with Mary and Ann Evans, and to the ground
with Phebe Howell ; afterwards called to see dear
H. Gibbons. She looked so pleasant, said there
were three nights in which she did not expect
to see the light of another day, but she tried to
be resigned to being brought back to this world
again.* I was telling her that several of the
scholars had inquired for her, and she said it
was pleasant to be remembered by them. She
said she remembered that when a young woman
at home, a ministering Friend by the name of
Simpson, was at their meeting at West Grove.
Her mother did not get an opportunity to in-
vite him home with her to dine, but he came to
* Hannali Gibbons lived scarcely thirteen years
after this date, dying in her ninety-eighth year, truly
green in old age.
see them the next day. Her mother said, I
did not invite thee yesterday, but I thought
thee knew where we lived and would come. He
said, " Yes, but we like to know we are wel-
come." After that her mother took care to in-
vite strangers and be polite to them, and she said
it felt pleasant to know the children remem-
bered her.
Sixth Month 17th. — Silent meeting. I try
to think good thoughts, to thank my Heavenly
Father for his continued mercy to me and to ask
Him for his blessing. This promise came into
my mind just at the close, " Bring all the tithes
into the store-house," etc.
Last Fifth day was Mary S. Parkers's wed-
ding-day to S. Townsend Brown. The meeting-
house was crowded at an early hour. A Friend
spoke to them so well and to the young people
generally, said our Saviour came unto his own
and his own received Him not, that some kept
Him out till his head was wet with the dews of
the night. He explained the excellent way so
well that I hoped some few in the curious crowd
would be prevailed upon as he desired they
should, to make covenant with our Saviour and
to obey Him.
Seventh Month 8th. — James Emlen called to
ask me a question. He said he thought the
nearer we kept to the Divine intlueuce within,
the more we would be likely to be preserved ;
to look to Him who has the care of every thing.
I hope he (J. E.) will be supported and sus-
tained through the remainder of his useful life.
He does much good, particularly by his exam-
ple, though he has a very humble opinion of
himself.
Eighth Month 19th.— On Fifth-day last was
our Quarterly Meeting at Woodbury. It was
so good. In the last meeting Ruth g. Abbott,
who sat by my side, spoke a few words. I felt
that this day's favor was another mercy vouch-
safed to me.
19th.— Returned to West Chester, Pa.
26th. — Dear H. Gibbons spoke to day, say-
ing she felt a renewed desire that we might all
be working out our own salvation, whilst the
day of visitation lasted, for we know not that
another day would be ours. Seek earnestly,
oftener than the morning, to know the will of
our Heavenly Father, though under a feeling
of great un worthiness, then He will show us his
will and give strength to perform it. She de-
sired those who felt as though it was near the
eleventh hour, to remember that the mercy seat
was over the judgment seat.
Ninth Mouth 2nd. — Our dear friends, Wil-
liam and Elizabeth Evans, at our meeting.
William spoke so well, saying it was a great
blessing that the Holy Spirit continued to strive
with us and to show us ourselves just as we are,
that we must keep on the watch and follow our
Saviour faithfully, then we would grow in grace
and have peace. Dear E. appeared in suppli-
cation for us. She had been reminded of the
fruitless fig tree, and prayed that some might
be let alone and be dug about one year longer,
might be visited one year longer; they have
been tran8f)lanted into a garden enclosed, but
had not produced fruit.
Ah, cast me not off, most merciful Heavenly
Father, be pleased to break the temptations
which so hold me ; have njercy and I will obey.
Dear Phebe W. Roberts s[xike at our Monthly
Meeting on Fourth-day. " We none of us know
how soon we may be called hence. As the tree
falls so it must lie, as death leaves us judgment
will find us, therefore it behooves us to be living
as the Holy Spirit directs, that we may feel sweet
peace and assurance when we come to die. How
much more to be desired to live with saints and
angels than to sink to a horror of wicked com-
pany and eternal misery."
ISth. — Yesterday Rebecca Pike, of Wood-
bury, was buried, she was the daughter of
Thomas Scattergood.
.30th. — At Birmingham Meeting. Dear Phebe
W. Roberts there and spoke of faith ; that Daniel
in the lions' den had faith, he prayed three
times a day with his windows open.
Tenth Month 7th. — Abigail Hutchinson visit-
ing meetings. Grace Evans and .Jeremiah
Hacker with her. She spoke of the prodigal.
I feel that my Heavenly Father is very merciful
to poor me.
30l.h. — I do wish I could be faithful entirely.
Went to a lecture that was not useful. I am
r H. Gibbons .spoke
to the children in meeting ; I think it a favor.
1856.— First Mouth 6th.— Monthly Meeting.
Dear H. Gibbons spoke in the last meeting,
quoting, "As the heart panteth after the water
brooks, so panteth my soul after thee, oh God.
30th. — Monthly Meeting. So good. Dear H.
Gibbons spoke. The business part of the meet-
ing was very interesting indeed. Some had en-
couraged hireling ministry; much good counsel
was given, and overseers encouraged to do their
duty.
Second Month 12th.— Quarterly ]SIeeting.
So good. Dear Phebe W. Roberts asked to
have the shutters opened again, and a good
meeting we had.
19th. — Water froze one half inch in the
school-room by the stove.
'J9th.— "If you die in your sins, whither I go
ye cannot come." I hope to know mine to go
beforehand to judgment.
Third Month 2nd.— John W. Tatum spoke,
"There is a river the streams whereof make
glad the whole heritage of God."
Fourth Mo. 2nd. — Monthly Meeting; Yard-
ley Warner liberated to visit families, I was
very glad.
On the fifth, Y. W. with .James Emlen, visit
ed this family. Oh! I want to be pure, to be
clothed with the white raiment.
19th. — My birthday ; twenty-sixth year.
Fourth Month 23rd.— Yearly Meeting com-
menced. Some difficulty about" the epistles.
2,5th. — We had some difficulty, but Elizabeth
Pittfield supplicated for us just then, and it was
quieted.
• Fifth Month 4th.— Dear Sarah Mott from
90
THE FRIEND.
Tenth Mo. 10,
Ohio, at meeting. " Then they that feared the
Lord spoke often one to another," etc., (was her
text.)
] 1th.— Such a good meeting. A friend spoke,
and dear H. G. in supplication. "Oh Lord
God, be pleased to help and strengthen me to
become a fool for thy sake, that I may wear £
white garment and go to heaven.
28th.— Monthly Meeting. Walked to Bir
mingham, had good, contrite feelings. I hope
to be humble. "Build the wall over against
our own house." " When my father and my
mother forsake rae, the Lord will take me up
Sixth Mo. 29th.— Dear H. G. spoke, "When
the poor and needy seek water and there is
none, and their tongues faileth for thirst. I the
Lord will hear them, I the God of Israel, will
not forsake them." So good. Time is passing
and I have a great many favors vouchsafed to
me, but I am afraid I am not faithful. Oh !
that I could be more obedient to my Heavenly
Father, that I could watch every minute. I do
want to take up the cross that I may feel favor
and acceptance with Him who has a right to
my whole heart.
Seventh Month 18th. — Closed school for six
weeks. Came to town in the stage.
Ninth Month 5th. — J. G. and sister here to
tea. When I hear persons making fun and
laughing about others, I am sometimes strongly
tempted to laugh or join in, but I hope I may
be preserved from doing so, for I always feel so
sad if I do. I wish I could have courage
enough to bear the cross. Holy Saviour bear
with me, forgive me and make me holy and
thine.
I have been having a very pleasant time since
coming back. School is satisfactory, but yester-
day afternoon instead of thirty there were only
three scholars. A great "Fremont" meeting
carried them all to the woods.
One evening last week we were invited to E.
Howell's to tea. They have a poor little col-
ored girl who is far gone in consumption ; they
are so kind to her. We had a real pleasant,
visit and nule home in the moonlight.
The next day we were invited to J. G's to
s-pend the evening and to meet their minister
(Episcopalian). They had often spoken to us
of him and wanted us to see him. There were
many others of their society jjresent and when
the evening ended in prayer, we felt a little by
ourselves, for we could not do as they did. I
almost always refuse to go there, if I can find
any suitable excuse, but this time I could not.
She is a very kind and pleasant woman, often
wants me to come, more than I do, but there is
not a congeniality of feeling. I will tell thee
what I like best of all ; to sit down in the cor-
ner and hear good old Friends talk ; that is the
best. They won't tempt me to run into the fash
ions and customs of the world. We cannot
always have what we like though, for we have
our duties to perform to everybody.*
(To be continued.)
White-necked Crow.— Another great pest
is the bir<l which we call the White-necked
Crow. This bird, which is much larger than
the common crow, picks up a stone in its claws,
and breaks the ostrich eggs by dropping it on
them from a considerable height. It then flies
down and devours the egg.
* The late Eli K. Price, a prominent lawyer of Phil-
adelphia, wlin lived to an advanced age, not long be-
fore his death, in speaking rf the Society of Friends
said, " Your safely lies in keeping to .vo"urselves. If
you mix with the world you will lose your strength
with yoar distinctive peculiarities."
Lights and Shadows of Port Royal.
(Continued from page 85.)
By the year 1648, the company of nuns hav-
ing become too numerous for their accommoda-
tions in Paris, and Port Eoyal des Champs be-
ing by this time quite habitable again, Angelique
led thither a joyful band, though leaving some
sorrowing in the Paris house. The return to the
valley was the occasion of great demonstration
by the poor people to whom Angelique had dis-
pensed alms in former years. The gentlemen
then retired to Les Granges, a farm-house near
by, and the two companies were practically cut
oft' from each other. The recluses had this great
advantage over the nuns (though the latter may
hot have recognized it) ; they were not bound
by the regulations and limitations of any order,
and they had imposed upon themselves no vows ;
but, actuated by a common interest and a unity
of purpose, they lived together, retired from
worldly scenes ; practising penances and morti-
fications, cultivating the orchards, the gardens,
and the vineyards with their hands, and doing
battle for their faith with their pens. About
the middle of that century, the inmates of the
two establishments numbeied, I believe, near
three hundred, perhaps more.
The next year after the return of Angelique
and her companions to Port Royal des Champs,
the first of the wars of the Fronde broke forth,
and the secluded monastery was by no means
exempt from a participation in the horrois
which they brought with them. The surround-
ing peasantry flocked to the convent. An ex-
tract from Angelique's letter to her sister will
best describe the conditions and the events of
that period. "Our wretchedness is very pitiful.
War is a horrible scourge. It is a wonder that
both human beings and animals have not per-
ished through being shut up so long. We had
horses, both in our chamber and over against
us in the chapter-house ; and there were some
forty cows, which belonged to us and our poor
people, in a cellar. The court was quite full of
hens and turkeys, ducks and geese. Our church
was so full of wheat, oats, peas and beans, of
household utensils and all kinds of clothes, that
we had to walk over them to get into the choir;
the bottom of which was also filled with the
books of our gentlemen. There were besides,
ten or a dozen nuus which had taken refuge
with us; all the female servants of the fiirms
were inside, all the male laborers without ; the
farm buildings were full of wounded men, the
press-room and the otiices crowded with ani-
mals. In short, if it had ncjt been for the great
cold, I think we should have had the plague.
. . . Everything here ia beyond price, so
great has been the pillage. In short, it is very
pitiful to see the poor couBtry. I did not in-
tend to have told you all this, but I was quite
full of pity and concern, and so I have said it
But it was not alone for her friends that An-
gelique cared. Enemies also partook of her
benevolence ; and Charles Beard says, " The
Christian precept to love one's enemies has
rarely been more triumphantly vindicated."
At the time of the second Fronde most of the
nuns repaired to Paris for safety, and " the gen-
tlemen " of Port Royal des Champs proceeded
to fortify the place and drill themselves for
warfare : but the calming and persuasive voice
of De Lari prevailed in favor of non-defense.
In 1653 the sisterhood returned to their country
place, which by this time had been enlarged
and improved. It was during the second sojourn
in Paris that Jacqueline Pascal joined the com-
munity as a permanent member, anci no ac-
count of Port Royal would be complete without
some portraiture of her character. Her life
closed at thirty-six years, and she was for only
a few years a part of this remarkable sisterhood,
yet in that short life and in those few years she
inscribed upon the tablet of history " a memo-
rial and a name, better," it may be, "than of
sons and of daughters." That cry of a besieged
conscience, that agonized appeal in behalf of
truth and liberty, embodied in her famous " Let-
ter on the Formulary," remain to testify that
the life w hich went out in suff'ering and sorrow,
dispensed an influence like the savor of a sweet-
smelling sacrifice. Her childhood was marked
by prtci city of intellect, with strong poetic ten-
dencies; the evidences of which aie still pre-
served in her biography. How much these
poems have gained or lost by a change of tongue
it is difficult to tell ; but supposing even the
sense only to be retained in the following extract
from stanzas written on the death of a Hugue-
not lady, it may be taken as some indication of
her depth of feeling and her charitable nature:
" Day by day her dearest care
Was to serve the Lord by prayer.
Could her faith so fruitful be
If it were not t;iven of thee ?
Shall the zeal thou didst bestow
Sink her in eternal woe?
In my diui and sinful state,
Lord, I cannot penetrate
Secrets that my wisdom hides.
But thy goodness yet abides ;
And thine equitable will
Is with mercy tempered still."
But it is not the precocious, poetic child, nor
the mystic maiden seeking solitude ; but the
clear-headed, conscientious, courageous woman,
that commands our admiration. Vinet, the
Swiss Protestant, says that Madame Roland
could have taught her nothing. She took her
place at Port Royal at about the opening of
that long period of persecution which has al-
ready been mentioned, and which may be fur-
ther described now. Jansenism, as we have
seen, was in favor with the theologians of Port
Royal, although many — especially the women
— of the community had not read the Augus-
tinus. The Port Royalists were all, or nearly
all, disciples of St. Cyran's school, and St.
Cyran evidently accepted Jansen's interpreta-
tion of Augustine. The Jansenists maintained ;
that the five condemned propositions were not i
to be found in the Augustinus in the sense un-
derstood, or professedly understood, by the court |
of Rome, but they were willing to condemn the
doctrines taken in a heretical sense. They
granted that the Pope could pronounce judg-
ment as to the orthodoxy of a theological tenet,
that being within his supposed pontificial func- .
tion ; but they claimed that a decision as to
matters of fact, appealing to reason and intel-
lectual knowledge only, was no part of that
function exclusively. The king, Cardinal Rich-
elieu and the Jesuits, were all on the side of the
Pope and against the Jansenists. A formulary,
condemning the said five propositions, was given
to priests, nuns and schoolmasters to sign, under
penalty of imprisonment and interdiction of
the sacraments. Most of the nuns of Port
Royal were uncompromising. They held it
perjury to put their names to a paper which
condemned a work they had never read, inas-
much as the condemnation contained a state-
ment to the eflfect that the heresy was to be
found in Jansen's work. One of their number,
the Gountess of Bregy, said, "The king cannot
THE FRIEND.
91
\-e us belief in a disputed fact. That is out
■ his luiiviuce and beyond his power."
Alidiit the first move in the series of p-rsecu-
.)os :iL,'aiust Port Royal was an order fur the
reakiiis,' up of the schools and the dispersion of
le 11 .liises. The impending storm was f ;r the
me averted, however, by the occurrence of a
3culiar circumstance known as the " miracle
■ the Holy Thorn." It w'as averred and de-
lutly lielieved that a little niece of Jacqueline
asial, tiien at Port Royal, had been cured of
seriniis disease of the eye by the application
' the relic ; and so confidently was this wonder-
»1 cure attested by physicians and others, that
van some Protestants have seemed almost to
umble at it, though it is to be accounted for
)r has been in some degree at least), on ra-
tonal and physical grounds.
But the peace thus procured for Port Royal
as only temporary, for the enmity of the .tes-
its was not to be thus easily allayed. Autoine
rnauld had written a book which cost him his
lace in the Sorbonne, and the publication of
■hich was followed by what has been wittily
ille<l "a period of invisibility " on his part,
adeed, the well-known opposition of his family
) the Jesuits has been termed the " original
n of the Arnaulds." It was at this juncture
lat the famous " Provincial Letters " of Pascal
lade their appearance ; the first being in de-
;n£e of Arnauld, and others exposing the cas-
istry and corrupt practices of the Jesuits,
.musenient, astonishment, triumph and discom-
ture, were the several effects of these letters.
hey were satires of the keenest and most ef-
ictive kind, and formed a contribution to lit-
rature of no inconsiderable value. Macaulay
' accredited with saying that the Provincial
letters of Pascal and the social letters of Mad-
me de Sevigne were the only two " perfect
leces" of modern literature. The latter — con-
limporary with Pascal and a friend of the Port
jloyalists — warmly appreciated Pascal's " Let-
irs." They were written, too, at a time when
le French language had not reached its pres-
et development; yet Pascal's style was so pure
Tid simple, that, it is said, there is not a word
1 the Provincial Letters that has since become
bsolete. Concerning their literary value. Sir
'ames Stephen went so far as to say that " in
'tie whole compass of literature, ancient as well
fe modern, there is probably nothing of the
ime kind that will bear comparison with the
'rovincial Letters." As to their permanent
ffect upon the standing and influence of the
esuits, there is not entire unity of opinion ;
ut Father Hyaciathe, of the Free Catholic
vhurch of France to-day, gratefully acknowl-
■dges the services of the Jansenists in overthrow-
ag the power of the Jesuits at that time.
The letters were printed anonomously, but
he authorship was soon suspected, and Pascal
'Iso had to "go into hiding." The lively, cut-
ing irony of the Provincial Letters seems some-
what out of keeping with his serious and strongly
;scetic character, but a tendency to witticism was
iilainly a part of his nature. He has been called
• an ingenious self-tormentor;" and indeed suf-
erings of one kind or another seem to have
ome thick and fast into his short life. Great
physical pain, resulting from disease, he would
lot accept as sufficient chastisement, but must
mpose upon himself further penances of his
■'wn devising. Even his sister Jacqueline, nun
hat she was, was provoked by his monkish dis-
'egard for cleanliness to send him the following
emonstrance. " I have been congratulated,"
aid she, " upon the fervor of devotion which
has lifted you so far above the ordinary customs
that you consider a broom a superfluous piece
of furniture. I think that for .some months at
least, you should try being as clean as you now
are untidy, in order that you may show that
you can succeed in humble and vigilant care
of the body (which is your servant), as well as
you have succeeded in humble nef/lir/encc of it.
After that, if you again find it glorious and edi-
fying to others to be dirty, you can do so; es-
pecially if it be a means of holiness, which I
very much doubt. St. Bernard did not think
it was."
(To be concluded.)
For "The Friend."
Cultivating and Dealing in Tobacco.
Having twice seen very lately the printed
statement that more than fifteen hundred mem-
bers belonging to North Carolina Yearly Meet-
ing are either engaged in raising or dealing in
tobacco, or in its manufacture, or personally
use it, I should have discredited the statement
had it appeared in numerals, where the error of
a single cipher might have augmented an in-
tended total ten times. This desolating alliance
I believe must be attended by nmch moral loss
to the body attacked and cankered by it, if it be
not soon broken away from.
It was a curious telegram from Reading, Pa.,
which was printed in a daily paper yesterday,
that the principal of the High School in that
city had had a conference with one hundred of
the parents of his pupils, in the course of which
he told them that they must assist him "in break-
ing up the wicked and nefarious habit of smok-
ing cigarettes," which was killing their boys.
He advised, however, that they should be urged
to use cigars as a substitute, and, the despatch
says, he had already made a beginning in smok-
ing with the scholars! It is evident that his
objection to the habit was grounded on no moral
foundation.
Only yesterday I had an experience in this
connection whicfi I believe it will be proper for
me to mention here. Some one had sent me
awhile ago the business card of a city tobacco
dealer, the language printed upon which was
e.Kce.^dingly vile. I had thought of simply
sending the card with a letter of complaint to
the Superintendent of Police, but finally con-
cluded it would be my duty to go down to the
store of the dealer, which I found to be far
down in the southern part of the city, half a
di^zen squares below our county prison, known
by the local Indian name of Jloyamensing. In
the show-window of the tobacconist, the vile
picture cards which the heart of the manufac-
turer and the dealer in cigarettes so delight in,
were to be seen, while within upon the walls
were suspended scores if not hundreds of simi-
lar productions. One or two men in the back
part of the store were engaged in rolling cigars
or cigarettes. My attention, however, was par-
ticularly drawn to the two words in raised por-
celain letters upon the glass of the bulk window
— "Esterbrook's Pens." Ah, I thought, if the
worthy elder whose name was so conspicuously
blazoned there could have used the stout cane
which was his so constant companion, in the
way that he would have liked, how quickly he
would have shattered the ignoble association !
Little more than a square away is a large
public school-house. School children need pens,
and the children's Enemy often puts it into the
hearts of very young children to hanker after
cigarettes, and the dealer has his alluring pic-
torial poison bait to go with the packages of
these. I went at once to the school-house and
had an interview with the principal, who, un-
e.xpecteilly, I found to be a woman. Kei)eatedly
the picture cards had been found in possession
of the boys, and they had always been taken
from them. This indeed, seems to be the com-
plaint from all the public .schools. The Super-
intendent of Police was then seen, and the mat-
ter placed in his hands, the proximity of the
school- house to the source of baleful sujiply
being especially noted.
I think it probable that not a child in that
public school, or any child in the families of
that immediate neighborhood was a Friend.
But it is indeed occasion for great regret, know-
ing as most of our members must know, some-
what concerning the immorality associated with
the manufacture and general traffic in the weed,
as well as the expensiveness of the habit of us-
ing it and the physically bad effects of the prac-
tice, that any of us should be found promoting
the evil. JosiAir W. Lekds.
For "THE FEIEND."
Through Jungle and Desert.
This is the title of a book of travels in Ea.«t-
ern Africa recently issued from the press. The
adventurers whose experiences are reconled in
it, were Wra. Astor Chanler, a young Ameri-
can, and Ludwig von Hiihnel, an officer in the
Austrian navy. Both had had previous ex-
perience in African exploration, and were ani-
mated by a similar zeal to extend the boundaries
of civilized knowledge by penetrating into the
regions south of Abyssinia, and to the north of
the usual routes from Zanzibar to the great
lakes which form the source of the Nile. They
knew the hostile character of the Somali who
inhabit much of that country, but believed they
could succeed by approaching that land from
the south. After making elaborate prepara-
tions, they selected the river Tana as the most
desirable route. One of the great difficulties of
African exploration is the transportation of the
goods with which a caravan is furnished— such
as ammunition, food and trading goods. For
this purpose bearers are engaged at Zanzibar,
who are mostly .slaves to the Arabs residing
there, and are paid so much a mouth from the
time they are absent from home. They have
certain peculiarities which render them unre-
liable and a sore trial to the patience of their
employers. One of these is a tendency to desert,
which our travellers often experienced, and
which finally broke up the expedition — the
bearers nearly all leaving in a body, when some
hundred miles in the interior. Before this, von
Hohnel had been badly wounded by a rhinoc-
eros, and sent to the coast for medical treat-
ment, and Chanler was compelled to destroy
or leave behind about nine thousand dollars'
worth of goods, and with a few men march
back.
The personnel of the caravan consisted of one
hundred and thirty bearers and a number of
personal attendants, Soudanese soldiers, two
Somali who were to care fir the camels, etc.
Camels, donkeys, horses and cattle were pur-
chased to aid in transporting baggage. But
most of these soon perished from the poisonous
bites of the tsetse fly.
The ascent of the Tana River was made
tedious by the absence of any definite path,
which often compelled them to cut their way
through a thick growth of thorny bushes. On
one such occasion, our author states that twelve
of them, armed with knives, at the end of five
hours' hard work, had proceeded less than half
92
THE FRIEND.
Tenth Mo. 10, 1896.
a mile. " The growth through which we cut
our path was the most tangled jungle imagina-
ble, and armed at every point with sharp thorns.
Added to this were innumerable red ants, called
by the natives " boiling water." Before we had
been in the jungle fifteen minutes, we were cov-
ered with them, and bitten from head to foot.
It was dark before we gave up the attempt to
cut the road."
A large amount of goods and provisions had
been sent up in hired canoes to the head of
navigation on the Tana River, at this post, a
depot was made, and after a time of rest, the
main body of the caravan continued its journey
in a northern course. They met with much
game, which furnished them with food in addi-
tion to the stores they carried with them. Ele-
phants, hippopotamos, rhinoceros, antelope and
giraffe were encountered. The caravan was fre-
quently charged by rhinoceroses, and some of
the party were often endangered by these angry
animals. Chanler mentions a narrow escape
he himself had. When endeavoring to stalk a
small herd of zebra and giraffes, he notised at
a distance of two hundred yards a solitary rhi-
noceros placidly feeding, and went on without
disturbing him. A shrill whistle from his men
soon after aroused his attention. The animal
on scenting hini had started in pursuit, and the
whistle warning Chanler of his danger, gave
him just time to leap on one side and avoid the
rush of the animal.
Of a forest of acacias, through which thej'
past, he says, " It was literally alive with rhi-
noceroses which charged the caravan at almost
every turn." Lieutenant von H(ihnel did not
escape so well as his fellow-traveller. Wlien
they were pursuing a herd of elephants, they
were charged by a rhinoceros. Upon hearing
it approach, Hohnel, who had his rifle in his
hand, waited before firing, intil the brute pre
sented a fair mark ; but as it approached, the
men with him became nervous and ran across
his line of fire, which prevented him from shoot-
ing. When the animal came to close quarters,
he attempted to hide behind a tree, but found
that two or three of his men had already taken
possession. When he decided to fire, in raising
his gun to his shoulder, it caught in the branch
of a tree, and at that moment the nose of the
rhinoceros struck him in the stomach, and bore
him to the earth. The beast trampled upon
him and struck him with his horn, making a
ghastly wound in his thigh, and clipping off a
bit of the thigh bone.
As soon as he was knocked down, the fox
terriers that accompanied the party, ferociously
attacked the rhinoceros, and diverted its at-
tention to themselves, thus saving the life of
their master. They were hundreds of miles
from the coast and a doctor, but the wounded
man was safely conveyed there, aud ultimately
recovered. Two others of the company were
struck by these animals, one of whom sirrvived,
and the other died.
In the course of their march they came to an
extinct crater, much visited by the natives for
the sulphate of magnesia which it oonlained.
Salt is a scarce article in many parts of Africa,
and the longing for saline matter must be con-
siderable, when it induces people to use Epsom-
salt as a substitute.
One night the camp was alarmed by the out-
cries of the night-watch, who were startled by
what they took to be a large body of men crawl-
ing towards the camp for the purpose of making
an attack. The men sprang to their feet, loaded
their rifles, and screamed with excitement. It
was found that the attacking party of savages
consisted of a horde of apes, which had probably
been attracted by the fires, but made oS" at
once on hearing the uproar.
On reaching the country occupied by the
Wamsara, they endeavored to trade with them
for food. But these people, who had not long
before cut off a caravan of Soudanese, seemed
more disposed to get their goods by force than
by traffic — and a running fight was kept up for
several days, until they had passed through
their territory. The next tribe was the Embe,
who were more peaceably inclined.
The old men seemed to possess the principal
authority among them. As an illustration of
their judicial proceedings, a case is related in
which a man who had a flock of ten goats was
accused by a neighbor of having stolen two
goats from him. The old men of the neighbor-
ing villagts assembled to discuss the matter.
They spent five days in considering the case,
during which time two goats per day were
needed for their subsistence — which were fur-
nished by the defendant. When they found
his stock had become exhausted, they adjudged
the case in his favor, and forced the plaintiff
to pay him two goats for having accused him
falsely.
The unit of value among the Embe is a goat.
For example, a donkey might be considered as
worth six goats, and in trading for it, six small
sticks would be produced, and as the value of
each goat was tendered, whether in iron, w'
beads or cloth, they would put aside one of the
sticks, and repeat this action until the full value
of the donkey had been accounted for.
After passing the country of the Embe, on
travellers pushed on till they met with the
Rendile — a numerous and warlike tribe, who
possessed large flocks of camels, donkeys and
goats. They hoped to be able to purchase pack
animals of them, which would enable them to
explore the country still further. With their
chiefs they went through the ceremony of mak
ing " blood brotherhood," but their efforts to
trade were unavailing. Under these circum
stances they resolved to make an effort to find
another tribe of whom they could purchase
beasts of burden, and retreated from the Rendile
country to an oasis named Seran.
(To be conllniied.)
The Testimony of Exeter Monthly Meet-
ing CONCERNING OUR FrIEND SaMUEL Em-
BREE, Son of Moses and Mary Embree.
He was born at little Eggharbour the six-
teenth of the Eighth Month, 1717, and brought
by his Parents when young into Pennsylvania.
He was educated in the Principles of Friends,
but in his young years was given to Vanity, as
himself hath several times related, but through
the operation of Divine grace came to know a
Victory over it, and about the forty-fourth yea
of his age found it his duty to teach others ; his
gift in the Ministry was not large, yet tended to
Edification. [He] was concern'd in visiting
Farailys both at home and abroad, whose labour
of Love we believe was Exceptable. He was
a diligent attender of meeting both for Worship
and discipline when of ability of Body, and
Examplary in Humble waiting. A good Hus-
band, a tender Father, an honest and peaceable
man and well beloved by his Neighbours, and
given to Hospitality. His last sickness, which
continued some weeks, he bore with patience,
expressing resignation to the will of the Lord,
either in life or Death.
He departed this life the twenty-fourth, and
was buryed at Reading the twenty-seventh of
the second Month, 1777. Aged fifty-nine years
and some months. A minister about fifteen
years.
The Baby's Bank.
It was a little tin affair, which a relative of
the family had given to a three-year-old girl in
Montreal, aud into it she had dropped her first
savings. She was looking forward to Christmas,
and thinking what beautiful things her pennies
would purchase by and by. So one by one she
dropped them in, until her bank seemed to her
to treasure up untold wealth.
One day her father came in. He had been a
respectable resident of the city, kind and lov-
ing, a good husband, a tender father, but he had
looked upon the wine when it was red, he had
fallen under the spell and curse of strong drink,
and so one day he reached up and took down
the little bank.
" Don't take my Kissmas money, papa,"
pleaded the little child, with tears.
But in spite of her entreaties, the father rob-
bed the little tin bank of the twenty-six cents,
the baby's little all ; and disregarding her tears
and cries, he strolled away, independent aud
indifferent. An hour later his heavy-hearted
wife found him in a neighboring saloon, roaring
drunk, drunk on liquor bought with his babj
girl's first Christmas money !
This is what drink does to fathers and mothers
and children. This is the outcome of the "so-
cial glass," of the " good times" which men en-
joy who " tarry long at the wine" and art
"mighty to mix strong drink." "At the las!
it biteth like a serpent and stingeth like an ad
der." It quenches the light of love, it stings thi
soul with remorse. It hardens the heart againsi
all the tenderness of parental and filial and con
jugal love. It makes man a savage, a brute, £
demon, and turns him loose upon the world t(
crush and ravage and destroy. For drink f
man will rob his child of her pennies, will stea
his baby's shoes, will squander his househok
treasures, will break his wife's heart, will sin!
down into degradation and crime, and finally
into " the blackness of darkness forever."
The safe thing to do is to " resist the begin
ningsof evil," to spurn the cup, to flee from thi
tempter, to cast down the deadly draught, ant
to seek in the fear of God, in sobriety and tern
perance and righteousness, to walk uprightly
and escape the snares of Satan here, and th(
damnation of hell hereafter.
" Slavery and death the ciip contains.
Dash to tlie earth the poisoned bowl;
Softer than silk are iron chains
Compared with those that chafe the soul."
Christian Safeguard.
The following thoughts from a tract written'
we know not by whom, but published by thr
Society of Friends, are worthy of consideration
"Should any plead the example of good raei
I under the shadowy dispensation of the law,
for instrumental music, " We might on the sami
ground justify other practices not sanctionet
by the Gospel. As it is our privilege to liv-
under a more spiritual and perfect dispensation
so it is our duty to look to Him who is the Chris
tian's perfect pattern, and in his example o
that of his apostles, we shall find no authorit;
for recreation or pastimes of a musical charac
ter. . . . Surely no one can seriously believi
that the melodious sounds proceeding from th
inanimate organ will be regarded as acceptabl
worship by Him, who delights in the sacrifice
itli Mo. 10, 1896.
THE FRIEND.
93
if 1)1 liken hearts and contrite spirits, even tliough
ittiiiil in the homely language of the poor puh-
ican. Then why is it introduced? Is it not to
ilea-e the itching ears of the superficial Chris-
ian jjrufessor? Music does not appear to have
)eeu in houses of worship until nearly midnight
ilarkness had overspread the professing Church,
vheu about the year 660 it was introduced by
Pope Vitalian. It then became a component
lart of the half Jewish, half heathen robe of
riirLTious and imposing ceremony with which
he Church sought to adorn herself, when she
uul nearly lost the beautiful garments of purity,
iimplicity and spirituality in which she was
iriginally arrayed by her Divine Founder." —
The Christian Advocate.
Belief in God Among the Africans.
To believe that there is a God who has made
ill things, who gives us life and takes life away,
,ve do not need to be educated. The heathen,
ivho have no conception of education or the-
ology, who do not even know one written sign
from another, who have no characters to repre-
sent ideas, are quite convinced of his existence,
although they call Him by as many different
inames as they speak languages. The natives
of Liberia call God " Niswa." They believe He
is ever near, and sees them and knows all they
are doing.
They always call upon Him to witnes.s when
offering a sacrifice or judging a " palaver" (a
dispute of any kind) or a trial. In case of trial
|by drinking " sasswood," the victim, before
{taking the poison, thus calls upon God, with
eyes uplifted, to hear his solemn statement to
pthe people, "God, thou knowest that I am not
'guilty. I have not committed this crime. Thou,
iwho knowest the truth, knowest that I am not
Ithe guilty party. Therefore, I am not afraid to
drink this ' sasswood.' I know that I might lie
ito this people and deceive them, but I could not
deceive Thee, and if I were guilty this 'sass-
wood' would kill me." Thus they drink it, not
ifearing the deadly poison, but believing that
ithe AH seeing God will prove their innocence,
and make known the truth.
In case of sudden death or any terrifying
icalamily, the heathen call upon the unseen
God, "Niswa," not upon their idols. The Scrip-
tures truly say, "For God hath shown it unto
them." I have come into direct contact with
the heathen, and have observed how much con-
fidence they place in the Almighty God. Al-
though, in all their homes they have idols that
they worship, and although all wear charms
and trust in their grues-grues, yet when danger
or trouble comes, they look to Him, believing
that He alone eau help them. This has given
me new light on many passages in the Bible,
and I have said of a truth, " God hath showed
it unto them," for there was no other source
whence they could have received such light and
knowledge. — Agnes McAllider.
Handling "Cracked Plates." — Broken
hearts get all too little sympathy from the busy
world. It is so easy, when the " other fellow"
is stricken, to make the blow heavier by un-
timely censure, by studied aloofness, or by evi-
dent lack of sympathy. It is so hard for some
men to find time to be kindly and really .sym-
pathetic. The Jamaica negro, in abject sorrow,
cries plaintively, " Put me down softly, — me a
cracked plate !" And his cry is echoed by many
a broken heart very near us, yet afar off and
sorrowing the more because of our heedlessness
to itd longing cry. — Lale Paper.
For "The Fkie
•HE GIVETH RICHLY."
O Loril, lidw perfec-t are Tliy gifts divine.
That s|jeal< <>( thee to every listening soul !
How wonHroiisly the onlered seasons roll !
What heauty overflows this world of Thine,
At morn, and noon, and eve, of shade and sliine
What hues and lints, of sky, and leaves, and lli;
What stars, and tender moon, for midnight In
What answering chords, within this heart of ni
Stirring to heanty's undertone, to song
Of every sensate creature Thou hast made.
To voice of wind, and ocean's chorus strong.
And silvery i-treaiulet, babbling in the shade.
Oh may thy praise my choicest powers employ !
Thou " givest richly all things to enjoy."
SPIN CHEERFULLY.
Not tearfully,
Thongh wearily you plod;
Spin carefully,
Spin prayerfully,
But leave the thread with God.
The shuttles of bis purpose move
To carry out his own design.
Seek not too soon to disapprove
His work, nor yet assign
Dark motives, when with silent tread
You view each somber fold ;
For, lo, within ea«h darker thread
There twines a thread of gold.
Spin cheerfully.
Not tearfully.
He knows the way you plod ;
Spin carefully.
Spin prayerfully,
lint leave the thread with God.
For"THK Friend."
A Short Account of John Graham
Who Died at Birmingham, England, on
THE Twenty-seventh of Ninth Month,
1867.
Although nearly thirty years have passed
away since the death of this dear Friend, in the
prime of his days, yet his memory is blessed to
not a few who knew him and loved him, and it
is believed that a short notice of his quiet, watch-
ful life and triumphant close may prove in-
structive to the readers of The Friend. The
preparation for the service of his Lord and Mas-
ter was evident, in the latter part of his life, to
those with whom he was most nearly assi ciated,
and the close exercises of his mind on his own
account and on that of the Church, found ex-
pression during his last illness, and might be
called messages of interest and of warning to
the religious Society of which he was a thought-
ful and observant member.
John Graham was born at Bridekirk, near
Cockermonth, Cumberland, on the twenty-eighth
of Tenth Mouth, 1830. His father soon after-
wards moved to another fiirni a few miles fur-
ther north, near Wigton. Both these early
homes were situated on the high ground which
rises from the river Cocker on one side, and
from the Solway Firth on the other; a fine
prospect of Skiddaw and other mountains be-
longing to the English lake district, being visi-
ble on ihe south, and on the north the view is
far-reaching, of Criffel and many ranges of hills
in the Scottish lowlands.
It may be that thus early was engendered
and fostered that love of nature in her gentler
and sterner moods which was afterwards a pleas-
ing characteristic ; and hill and valley, mountain
and moor, fern and flower, had each lessons for
him of the power and goodness of their Al-
mighty Creator.
After spending two or three years at the
Friends' School at Wigton, in Cumberland,
where he made the most of the opportunities at
his disposal, he lived for a few years at Birming-
ham, where he learned the business of a grocer
with his elder brother. Here he improved his
inintl in his leisure hours, and studied botany
and other branches of science— the self-culture
thus commenced only ending with his life. In
the summer of 18.53 he joined another brother
as partner in a business at Preston, in Lanca-
shire, one of the centres of the cotton industry,
and here he resided for the next thirteen years.
He evinced much interest in the mill operatives,
and his sympathies were much called forth by
their distress during the cotton famitie in 186;i
For some time he taught a class in the First-
day school, and, with three other teachers, com-
piled a selection of religious poetry, that the
scholars might have suitable pieces to recite,
and with his characteristic care, exerted his in-
fluence that none should be admitted that were
not sound in sentiment. During his last ill-
ness, he remarked that he had long striven as a
First-day school teacher to understand the Bible,
but that it was alone, at his place of business,
where the early hours of the morning were
generally spent, that the true meaning of the
Scriptures was often unfolded to him, and the
fulfilnient of the promise respecting the Com-
forter known, " He shall take of mine, and shall
show it unto you."
He frequently wrote descriptions of natural
scenery and other interesting information he
gained whilst travelling, to his younger rela-
tives, and extracts from these letters show the
thoughtful and reflective character of his mind.
During a journey in North Lancashire, not far
from Ulverstone and Swarthmore, he writes, " I
\yent to see Furness Abbey about three weeks
since. It is now a beautiful pile of ruins and
must have been a very splendid building when
in its glory, about six hundred years ago. I
think it was founded by King Stephen before
he was made king of England. The monastery
was endowed with great power by him and filled
with monks, who led very austere lives. It is
situated in a vale called Bekaugsgill, which
means the glen of deadly nightshade, which,
however, is a very pretty place, although it has
such an ugly name."
In 1854, he describes some of his experiences
on the Cumberland Mountains: "I reached
Windermere about eleven o'clock (m Second-
day, the thirty-first ult. I went direct to Bow-
ness, a village on the banks of Windermere
Lake, went on board a steam yacht, and sailed
up the lake to Waterhead, near Ambleside,
from which town (after I had dined) I set ofi"
on a mountain tour, with a walking-stick in my
hand, a map, compass and glass in my pocket.
I was soon toiling up the steep sides of Nabs-
ear, immediately behind the house in which
Wordsworth lived and died. The first picture
which presented from the breast of the moun-
tain was the beautiful vale of Rydal, embosom-
ing its lake and smiling with unusual freshness,
for it had that morning been well watered with
showers. As I advanced, Windermere Vale,
with its lake (the largest in England), began
to open out. 'The lake is ten miles in length,
on it are several beautiful islands, and on one
of the islands a house is built. Before I had
gained the top, Grasmere Vale, with its lovely
lake, in which is one small island, spread out
beneath me. A hut has been built on this
island among a clump of trees. I think it was
L. P. Sigourney, who, in writing of it, makes a
beautiful comparison :
94
THE FRIEND.
Tenth Mo. 10, 1896.
" ' Which, like an emerald clasped
la crystal sleeps.'
"The morning had been showery and over-
cast, now the sun hud broken out, and the clouds
were gathered into white patches, as we fre-
quently see them in sultry weather. It was very
hot, so I pulled ofi' my coat, and wound my way
upwards, sometimes on smooth ground, some-
times among crags, often stopping to gather the
'heather,' which was 'bonnie wi' bloom, | or
scramble up a rocky precipice for some curious
fern. Fairly at the top, the prospect was splen-
did.
" But the top of Nabscar did not satisfy me.
Fairfield, rising still higher, was before me. He
had ' dofft' the cloudy cap which shrouded his
head when I saw it last from Ambleside — or
rather when I saw its position, for I could not
see his head through the cloud. Towards Fair-
field, I turned, and soon reached the top, some-
times disturbing the sheep, which, with their
lambs, grazed among the crags, where their food
is much more scanty than on the lower parts of
the mountain— but they are fond of being high
up. ' Fairfield Man' is, I believe, 2,950 feet
above the level of the sea. The ' Man' is the
highest point of the mountain, and a pile of
stones, supporting, in its centre, an upright post,
marks its position. The ' Man' is to be found
on nearly all the fells in this district.
" I followed the connecting ridge along ' Seat
Sandal,' 'Dolly-waggon-pike,' and across the
foot of Grisedale Tarn, its dark, still waters
stretching along the mountain pass between
Patterdale and Wythburn. I was now upon
the breast of the ' mighty Helveljyn,' but I must
turn back, for I am not quite done with ' Dolly-
waggon-pike' and its connecting ridge.
"Once, on descending into a little vale near
the top of the mountain, I beard in the distance
the tinkling of a solitary sheep-bell. All else
around was silence, perfect silence, such as can
only be understood in such a position. There
is great solemnity in the stillness of the higher
mountains, ' shut out from all the world' and
surrounded by mountain peaks, we sometimes
hear the ' solemn bleat' of
"'A lamb left somewhere to itself,
The plaintive spirit of the snlitvule.'
"As I was walking along and looking down
into a deep glen on my right, I heard an unu-
sual whistling sound come from an opposite ili-
rection. The sound increased in distinctness,
and turning around, I saw. at the distance of
ten or a dozen yards, that the soft grass was all
in motion, as if it had taken life, although there
was scarcely a breath of air stirring. I observed
that this motion advanced towards me. In-
stantly perceiving that this was a whirlwind, I
fell prostrate and clung to the earth. It carried
in its grasp bits of dead grass and sticks, which
it whirled quickly around, bearing its burden
immediately over me, and, with a whistle and
a rush, it passed into the glen. I was glad to
witness such a phenomenon, and also thankful
that it was not more powerful than it was, else
it might have taken me with it. I recollect
reading an account of a shepherd and his sou
being overtaken by a strong whirlwind on Lang-
dale Pikes, when the son was torn from his hold
and carried headlong to destruction.
" On Helvellyn, I fell in with a shepherd who
was gathering his flock. It was not necessary
for him to move in doing this. He directed his
dog by words, signs and whistles, and the ani-
mal, as if it had understood English, obeyed his
commands, and gathered the flock in admirable
order. I queried of him if I could not get to
Wythburn in that direction, pointing to where
I knew it lay. He answered, 'Aye ; stire. But
doon't gae ower far that way.' I thanked him,
took the bearings of his walking-stick, and plod-
ded onward, over some very soft and treacherous
ground, where it is necessary to keep a lookout,
or the traveller may be plunged into a quag-
mire. I descended Whiteside (part of Hevlel-
lyn), and came down nearly opposite to where
William Ball (a Friend who lives at ' Glen
Rothay,' in Rydal) has erected a tombstone in
memory of his horse, which died there and is
buried in the ditch. It is dated Ninth Month
30th, 1853.
" Crossing ' Dunraail Raise,' where there is a
pile of stones, underneath which, tradition says,
the remains of Diinmail, the last king of Cum-
berland, lie buried. I reached the Horse's Head
Inn, Wythburn. As I was sitting down to tea
the coach which was to convey me to Amble-
side came up. Opposite the inn is the parish
church. It is the smallest in England. Words-
worth says :
'" Wythlnirn's modest house of prayer,
As lowly as the lowliest dwelling.'
" Rode to Ambleside, walked towards Wind-
ermere, had a splendid view of the sun setting
behind a mountain. I then walked about a
quarter of a mile to Stou-kghyli Force, a pic-
turesque waterfall. Next returned to m}' lodg-
ing, almost tired out, having seen, in my ram-
bles, ten lakes, several tarns, and the sea at
Morecambe, and had been
Alang o'er monie a mountain
Alang thro' monie a glen,
Wi' nature handing felldwsh
I'd journeyed far frae men.
tap.
" Next morning, taking the coach, I rode to
Cockermouth through a very romantic country.
A few miles on this side of Keswick, we look up
St. John's Vale. I returned on Fifth-day to
Grasmere."
Early in Fifth Month, 1856, he attended
the Yearly Meeting in Dublin, and, after re-
turning home, he wrote; " Was at Bray three
or four hours one day. This is a pretty watering-
place, ten or twelve miles south of Dublin, in
the county of Wicklow. I walked a mile in the
direction of the town of Wicklow, and fell in
with the smallest cabin I saw in Ireland, under
a high rock on the sea-coast. It was inhabited
by a poor woman, who told me she had been a
widow for several years. Two of the walls were
built of clay, the other two were a rock, against
which a roof of brackens and boards was cast.
The doorway (there was no door) was formed
by two strong branches, placed so as to support
each other, in the form of an acute angle. The
window-hole (there was no window) was near
the doorway, and in the corner, nearly under-
neath, was the bed. The fire-place, made of
sods and sticks, was at the opposite end of the
cabin, on the ground, the smoke creeping up a
kind of chimney, also out at several holes in
the roof The old lady was very civil, and
placed me a stool to sit on, which brought me
very near the ground. She chatted very cheer-
fully, and brought me a delicious glass of water
from a spring about a yard from her door. She
was not alone, but had two visitors with her
when I called. They were neighbors who had
come to see how she did. Three extra guests
and herself nearly filled the vacant room in the
cabin. Poor as she appeared to be, she seemed
happy, and I left her with tiie feeling that ' a
little with contentment is great gain.'
"I left Dublin on Sixth-day by rail from ■■
Belfast, had a peep at Lough Neagh, near Moira, '
and reached Belfast about noon on Seventh-
day. I ascended the Cive Mountain, two miles
north of Belfast, and had a good view of the
surrounding country from the top. There are
three curious caves, cut out of the solid rock
near the top of this mountain."
(To be continued.) ,
A Baby Among the Slain.
An American officer writes of one of the con- ■
flicts in the Civil War :
Darkness had come at last, and the roar of
battle had died away to a low growl. Grant
had failed to drive Lee. We knew that from
flank to flank. If he could not force a passage
through those gray lines, he could flank them.
Before the sun went down we knew that he !
would do it. It was not yet night when the
movement began, but my division would be
one of the last to move, and we must hold our
ground and prevent the Confederates from dia- i
covering what was taking place. It was a cu- !
rious ciiiucidence of war that Lee was also mov- j
ing by the flank, both armies marching in par- j
allel lines from a battle-field that had yielded ll
neither victory nor defeat to either side. i
Post No. 7 was under a large tree on the
edge of a thicket. To the south, there was a
strip of open ground, then a thicket, then an
old field, in which stood a log cabin. It was
a lonely place, well away from the camps, the
dead and the dying, but I was glad to be alone.
All along the lines there was a growling of
musketry ; but this was but a bluff— a bit of
acting to cover the real design. I had been
nearly an hour on the post without anything
happening to alarm me, when I heard a move-
ment in the thicket across the open strip.
Was it a person ? Riderless horses had gal-
loped about that day almost without number;
this might be one which had found shelter in -
that thicket.
Rustle ! rustle ! Step ! step ! It was a cau-
tious movement. Whoever it was, hoped to
reach me without discovery, but there were
dead leaves underfoot and the thicket was
dense. A hare could not have moved without
betraying its presence.
Rustle ! rustle ! Kneeling down, so as to see
under the darkness, as it were, I suddenly made
out a black object against the dark background.
It is neither horse nor mule, it is a human be-
ing. A scout from the enemy's picket post, only
a quarter of a mile away? A wounded man
hobbling about to find succour? One of our
own scouts returning? "Who comes here?"
There is silence for fifteen seconds, and then a
woman's voice answers : " I can't find the place!
It's so dark I can't find the place!"
Aye! it was a woman's voice, and it hadai
sob in it, too. A woman there in the darkness
between the hostile lines — with powder smoke
in the air, and stray bullets darting through
the thickets with a whizz, as of some great
insect stirred to anger !
"Who comes here?" "I wish it wasn't so
dark ! I am so tired — -so tired !" And then she
came to the open strip toward me, making no
stop, never hesitating, walking straight up to
me, as if she could see as well by night as in
the sunshine of day. " I can't find the place,"
she sobbed, as she came to a stop within arm's
length. " Good woman ! but what are you do-
ing here?" I gasped, almost terrified at her
presence. "See! see!" she replied, holding a
bundle out towards me. " One time I saw a
lenth Mo. 10, 1896.
THE FRIEND.
its
jeautiful spot in the woods, and said to myself
t if he died I would bury him there, but I
I't tiiid it— I can't find i"t!" " What is it,
man ? What have you got there ? " " See!
^e! Don't be afraid. He's dead. He can't
jpeak or move. Take him 1"
I She put a bundle into my arms and I cried
'ut and let fall my musket. It was the body
!f a baby about a year and a half old. Dead ?
fes! Dead from a cruel bullet which had
|iierced its little body and left a great wound
yhich looked horrible to me in the dim light!
)ead and cold and bathed in its own bh od —
ead for hours! And when I reached out and
ouched the shawl worn by the mother, my
uigers burned at the feel of blood ! " I have
Carried him such a long, long way," she moaned,
,nd I have seen so many dead men and heard
io many guns! You'll help me, won't you —
iielp me to find the place and bury poor baby ?"
; Was it your baby ? Did you live in the cabin
ieyond the thicket?" I asked, still holding
he little corpse. " He was £0 happy !" she said,
s she I atted the little bare head with a niolh-
irly hand. "And I was so bappy, too! He
fon't ever laugh and crow ag!iin,will he? I've
tot to find that beautiful place and bury him,
liaven't 1 ? And you'll help me ; yes, 1 know
rou will, for you don't swear and curse at me."
i She had lost her mind. Think of it— an in-
jane mother wandering over a bloody battle-
lehl, with her dead child in her arms! She had
^ut one idea — to bury it in a dell which she
Had once visited and remarked its beauty— a
iell in which the Federals or Confederates were
ioublless then burying their own dead. I knew
[lot what to do. I could not leave my post, and
I did not want her to go wandering further. I
|fas frying to soothe and quiet the woman when
jhe suddenly cried out, " Ah ! it is not so dark
iiow and I can find the place. I'll go on ahead
jmd dig the grave, and do you follow on with
[)aby. Poor baby ! He won't know that he is
|juried, will he? I can find the place and you "
|— "Come back ! Come back!" I called to her
^s she fled away in the darkness, but she was
Iwo hundred feet away as she answered me :
■ I'll find the place ! Poor, poor baby !"
i And when the relief came, I told the story
ind pointed to the bundle resting on the ground
iieside me. 'God pity her!" whispered the ser-
;;eant, as he lifted his cap. "God pity her!"
ichoed all the others, as they stood uncovered
liround the poor little corpse. Time meant
iiuriian lives that night. Grant was moving by
■he flank : Lee was moving by the flank to
natch him. The morrow was to witness more
lUghter — make thousands of other widows and
phans. "Dig here!" said the sergeant, and
ji'ith our bayonets we scooped out a shallow
i;rave in scarcely more than a minute's time,
i' Carefully now! Poor little thing! Now fill
ju! That will do. Fall in — forward, march !"
', And yet men write of the glory of war! —
flerald of Peace.
I Ohio Yearly Meeting.
1. At the Select Meeting, Sixth-day, Ninth Mo.
:15th, Jonathan E. Rhoads was present, with a
iiinute liberating him to attend Ohio Yearly
fleeting and a few of its meetings. John S.
md Esther Fowler, and Anna Crawford, were
iresent, but without minutes.
'. The Meeting for Sufferinss met at three p. M.
\ memorial prepared in 1894, and presented to
heGeneral Assembly, had been slightly changed
o adapt it for general circulation. An edition
jf five thousand copies was directed to be printed.
and the committee directed to give it general
circulation. An essay by T. C. Battey was pre-
sented, and a committee appointed to examine
it and report their judgment to a future meeting.
The essay was on " Christian Ethics, as Applied
to Morality, and as Applied to Laws."
Seventh-day, 26ih. — The meeting for business
convened with a good attendance. After a time
of silence Peter N. Dyre quoted, "Here is the
fire and here is the wood, but where is the burnt
sacrifice." He spoke of our responsibility as sup-
porters of the doctrines and testimonies delivered
us by our forefathers. Elwood Conrad appeared
in supplication.
The representatives were all present. A
minute liberating Jonathan E. Rhoads to attend
the Yearly Meeting and a few of its meetings,
was read, and satisfaction with his company,
and also that of other Friends without minutes,
was expressed by numerous Friends, and the
Clerk was directed to insert it in his minutes.
The Epistles from New England, Canada,
Western, Iowa and Kansas, were read. Much
satisfaction was expressed at the con)fortable
feeling accompanying their reading, and a com-
mittee was appointed to prepare replies. An
extract from the will of Robert Miller was reail,
making a bequest to the Yearly Meeting for the
education of children in limited circumstances.
The bequest was estimated to reach about eight
thousand dollars. A committee was appointed
to nominate trustees. A committee was ap-
pointed to settle with the treasurer and name a
Friend for that service, and revise the appor-
tionment between the Quarters. The represen-
tatives were requested to bring forward names
for Clerk and Assistant, and messengers to
women's meeting, also two Friends for corres-
pondents in place of Jacob Holloway and
Aaron Frame, deceased. Then adjourned to
eleven o'clock on Second-day morning.
First-day, a large meeting, the house being
crowded; it holds fifteen hundred. After a time
of silence, Anna Crawford appeared in suppli-
cation. Mary Test followed her in an impres-
sive communication. George Mott spoke of
Naaman and the little maid who was the in-
strument of Naaman's cure. Thought there
were some there who felt little in their own
eyes, as the little maid, who would, if faithful,
be made helpers to others. Hannah Stratton
followed in a lively testimony. Jonathan E.
Rhoads spoke with much feeling, urging the ne-
cessity of having the new birth brought about
by submitting to the operation of the Spirit of
Chri>t. AnnaCrawford spoke, and Jacob Maule
in supplication. It was a favored meeting, the
various exercises all tending to enforce the ne-
cessity of obedience to the Spirit of Christ. Af-
ternoon, Joshua Smith, Esther Fowler, Elwood
Conrad, Anna Crawford, Jonathan E. Rhoads,
Jacob Maule, A. Crawford in prayer, and W.
C. Cowperthwait.
Second-day. — The representatives proposed
Barclay Smith for Clerk, and William L. Ash-
ton for assistant, George Blackburn and Aaron
Dewees for messengers, and William L. Ashton
and James Walton correspondents. The Queries
and Answers were read and summaries adopted
Some very suitable counsel on several subject;
was oflfered. The names of ministers and elders
deceased, were read.
Third-day. — The school reports were read,
also the enumeration of the families and parts
of families and number of members. The min-
utes of Meeting for Sufferings were read. The
memorial on Capital Punishment presented to
the Legislature in 1894, having been slightly
altered to adapt it for general circulation was
adopted, and an edition of five thou.sand copies
ordered [jrinted. Charles Livezy, Elisha B. Steer
and Dilwyn Stratton were appointed Trustees of
the beiiuest of Robert Miller. Thos. Stanley was
appointed correspondent of Hpringville Monthly
^Ieeting, Iowa. It waa concluded to reap|)oiut
the present Boarding School Committee for
another three years. Jacob Maule laid before
Friends a concern for a meeting for the younger
part of those in attendance, to be held at three
p. M., on Fourth-day afternoon, which being
united with by men's and women's meetings
was accordingly appointed. Twelve hundred
copies of minutes ordered printed.
Fourth-day. — Peter N. Dyre, Joshua Smith,
Mary Test, Esther Fowler and Anna Craw-
ford, spoke. Jonathan E. Rhoads addres.sed
those who had a gift of government in the
Church, quoting, " Unto where ye have attained
walk by the same rule," to be in spirit of love.
At the afternoon apjiointed meeting, in spite of
the rain, a goodly number assembled. Jacob
Maule arose with " It became Him, for whom are
all things, and by whom are all things, in bring-
ing many sons unto glory, to make the Captain
of their salvation perfect through sufferings."
He spoke to those who were just commencing
this heavenward journey, those who had made
some progress, and those who had not taken
any steps, and gave counsel suited to each. That
the only way to become perfect was through
sufferings. He also prayed for those.
Fifth-day.— The report of the Boarding School
was read. The electric light and other im-
provements had caused a debt of over five hun-
dred dollars. An appropriation of four hun-
dred dollars was ordered towards it. The In-
dian Committee made a satisfactory report. The
committee to distribute the approved writings
of Friends reported, and asked for another ap-
propriation, which was granted. A Friend spoke
to the young on i)lain apparel and language,
Jonathan E. Rhoads spoke briefly, and George
Mott returned thanks for favors bestowed, and
craved jireservation in returning to their horae.s.
Epistles to New England, Canada, Western,
Iowa and Kansas were read, approved and or-
dered sent.
After an impressive silence the meeting con-
cluded.
THE FRIEND.
TEXTII MONTH 10, 1896.
The Society of Friends has ever believed in
the reality and safety of the Divine guidance of
the Spirit of Christ. True religion is the result
of the work on the soul of that Eternal Power
by which, in the beginning, all things were
made; and, as William Grover states, ■ It be-
gins frequently with a little light or manifesta-
tion of the Divine will as to some point or part
of duty. And as obedience is yielded to this
small manifestation, greater and greater degrees
of light and of strength are afforded to follow
on to know more and more of the Divine will
and of Divine things." Thus there is a blessed
increase in religious knowledge and experience,
and in Divine communion and fellowship. Such
obedient ones witness the truth of the Apostle's
testimony, " If we walk in the light, as God is
in the light, we have fellowship one with an-
other, and the blood of Jesus Christ, his Son,
cleanseth us from all sin."
It is a Scripture injanction that, wl
96
THE FRIEND.
Tenth Mo. 10, 1896. I
eat or whether we drink, or whatsoever we do, we
do all to the glory of God. From this it may
fairly be inferred that all of our actions— the
gene'ral course of our lives— have a religious
bearing, and may promote the cause of right-
eousness, if we dwell under the fear of the Lord.
It is especially desirable that in laboring to pro-
mote moral reforms, or in other ways to advance
the work of righteousness in the earth, the du-
ties we undertake should be as acts of obedience
to the light of the Spirit of God.
But if Friends, in these undertakings, join
with others who do not recognize the need of
any higher principle than their own natural
faculties, but trust to their own understanding,
they will be in great danger of ceasing to main-
tain a state of humble dependence upon the
Gospel power and of departing from the prin-
ciples and testimonies upheld by our predeces-
sors, who believed that the influence of the Di-
vine Spirit was a necessary qualification for
every good work.
SUMMARY OF EVENTS.
United States.— The United Stales Treasury re-
ceipts for Ninth Month aggregate $24,500,000, or 83,-
000 000 less than Ninth Month, 1895. The expendi-
tures foot up §20,000,000, or nearly $2,000,000 more
than for Ninth Month, 1895. The delicit for Ninth
Month, 1896, is $1,806,034, and for the fiscal year to
date, $24,000,000. Total cash in the Treasury, $849,-
642,772.
The United Slates Treasury gold balances at the
close of business on the 5th instant stood at $125,100,-
896. The day's withdrawals at N. Y. were $122,900.
The Secretary of the Treasury has ordered the dis-
continuance of three houses of refuse on the eastern
coa-it of Florida, viz: Chester Shoals, Either Creek,
Orange Grove. These houses were established years
ago, when the coast was practically uninhabited.
The Court of Appeals of the District of Columbia
has affirmed the decree of the Commissioner of Patents
in the case of Daniel Drawbaugh, whose application
for alleged iniproveiuents in telephone transmitters
was refused. The Court held that Drawbaugh was not
the inventor of the transmiiter.
The gold fields in Paulding County, Georgia, are
being developed, and have pioved quite productive.
Over fifty carloads of blueberries were shipped from
Peticodiac, N. B., this sea-^on, principally to Boston.
On the 29th ultimo the city of Savannah, Ga., was
Klruck by what was thought to be a West India hurri-
cane. Nearly every building in the city was damaged,
and the property loss will go largely above $1,000,000.
The lives lost number at least eleven. In Brunswick
the damage to property is placed at $500,000;
The same day Cedar Keys, Flori.la, was nearly de-
stroyed by a tidal wave and storm which passed across
the State into Georgia. The path of the storm seems
to have been about forty miles wide. The heaviest
losers in Florida are the turpentine manufacturers.
Those heard from report a total loss, and say they
will be compelled to go out of busine.-s. Large num-
bers of cattle were killed. The loss of life wis heavier
than the first reports indicated. The Sea Islands of
South Carolina were again visited with destructive
Coree, and the people will again need the help of the
benevolent to save them from serious sufTerings.
In Washington the destruction of public and private
property is estimated at half a million dollars. Twen-
ty-four persons were seriously injured by falling trees
and in other ways, and in Alexandria two men were
killed. In Baltimore great damage was sustained
along the water front.
Deaths in this city last week numbered 401, which
is 52 more than the previous week and 64 more than
the corresponding week of 1895. Of the whole num-
ber 209 were males and 192 females: 66 died of con-
sumption; 27 of heart disease; 23 of pneumonia;
21 of marasmus ; 19 of diphtheria; 15 of old age; 15
of convulsions; 13 of cholera infantum; 13 of neph-
ritis; 13of apoplexy ; 11 of paralysis, and 9 of cancer.
Markets, &e.— U. S. 2's, 93 a 95 ; 4's, 107J a 108} ;
new 4'b, U^ a 117J; 5's, HI a 111 J; ; currency 6's,
100 a 105.
Cotton. — Prices ruled steady on a basis of 8|c. pe
pound for middling uplands.
Feed.— Winter bran in bulk, quoted $.).50 a $10.00,
and spring do., in sacks, at $8.75 a $9.50 per ton.
Flour.— Winter super, $2.30 a $2.60 ; do., extras,
$2.60 a $2.80 ; Pennsylvania roller, clear, $3.35 a $3.50 ;
do., do., straight, $3!50 a$3.75 ; Western winter, clear,
$3.35 a $3.50; do., do., straight, $3.50 a $3.75; do.,
do., patent, $3.85 a $4.10 ; spring, clear, $3.00 a $3.30 ;
do., straight, $3.50 a $3.75 ; do., patent, $3.85 a $4.10 ;
do., favorite brands, higher. City mills, extra, $2 50
a $2.80; do., clear, $3.25 a $3.50; do., straight, $3.50
a $3.75 ; do., patent, $4.00 a $4.25. KvE Floor.—
$2.50 per barrel for choice Penna. Bdckwhbat
Flour.— $1.40 a $1.60 per 100 pounds for new, as to
''"grain.— No. 2 red wheat, 69| a 70c.
No. 2 mixed corn, 28J a 29c.
No. 2 white oats, 25i a 26c.
Beef Cattle.— Extra, 4f a 4^ ; good, 4J a 4Jc.;
medium, 3J a 4c.; common, ?i\ a 3Jc.
Sheep and Lambs.— Extra, 3J a 3|c.; good, 3 a 3}c.
medium, 2| a 2Jc.; common, 2 a 2Jc.; culls, 1 a IJc.
lambs, 3 a 5Jc.
Hogs. — \Vestern, 5 a 5Jc. State, 4| a 5c.
Foreign.— William Morris, the celebrated English
poet, died on the third instant, aged sixty-two years.
He was born at Walthamston, and graduated at Oxford
in 1857. Of latter times he was a Socialist in prin-
ciple.
The London representative of the New York Tri-
bune, says: " There are some signs of improvement in
the relations of England with Russia and France.
The tone of the Russian press is not only less hostile,
but even positively friendly to England. The French
Ambassador at Constantinople has taken the initiative
of warning the Sullan that the collective note of the
Powers cannot be disregarded like previous European
remonstrances. This action is in accord with Lord
Salisbury's policy, and implies co-operation with him.
Moreover the English Government have gone out of
their way to allay French sensitiveness by proclaim-
ing that the Nile expedition will halt at Dongola, at
least for this season. These facts point remotely in
the direction of a coalition of Russia with the two
Western Powers which attacked her in the Crimea,
but there is no positive evidence that the Emperor's
visit to Balmoral has teen the turning-point in the
history of the Eastern question. He has been amus-
ing himself in the bracing air of the Highlands, and
is now journeying toward France, where he will be
received like a conqueror, for, although the Sultan
has persisted in outraging the moral sense of Europe
with impunity for two years, the Russo-French alli-
ance has been victorious. It has counteracled the
Triple Alliance, humiliated England, established Rus-
sian ascendancy at Constantinople and greatly in-
creased French pre.-tige in Europe."
The Spanish Government is taking energetic meas-
ures to stop the emigration of lower and middle class
families to which belong young men liable to military
service. The Government has learned that several
thousand young men have gone to South America,
France and Algeria because they were unable to pay
the $400 necessary to redeem themselves from serv-
ing with the army in Cuba. Eighteen thousand out
of 80,000 men bought immunity in 189.5, and there is
evidence that fully as many purchased exemption
thus far this year.
Five new asteroids were discovered on photographs
of the heavens one evening recently by Dr. Max Wolf,
of Heidelberg. This brings the nuiuber of minor
planets up to 423.
Large and rich gold fields have been discovered by
Government surveyors on the east coast of Siberia,
bordering on the. Sea of Ocholsk.
Letters received in Constantinople on the 2nd inst.
from Kharput give terrible details of the massacre
which recently occurred at Eguin, in the Kharput
District, in which, the letters allege, 2,000 persons were
killed. The scenes, according to the letters, were simi-
lar to those of the former massacres in Anatolia.
Karatheodori Pasha, formerly Governor of Crete
and the Turkish plenipotentiary at the Berlin Con-
gress of 1878, has been appointed First Translator to
the Sultan, and it is understood that hereafter he
will direct the foreign politics of the Turkish Em-
pire.
Khalid, who proclaimed himself Sultan of Zanzibar
after the death of Sultan Hamid Bin Thwain, and took
refuge in the German Consulate after the bombard-
ment and destruction of the palace by British war-
ships, has been placed on a German warship. A vig-
orous protest has been made by the British Consul. A
request for the surrender of Khalid had been made
by the British Government.
I Advices which have reached London from Merv,
Turkistan, show that an epidemic of fever has been
raging among the Turcomans for some time. During
the past two months nearly 10,000 have died.
Adispatch from Bombay says the droughlcoulinues !
in Northern and Central India, where there has been '
no rain for many weeks. The crops in those sections i
have utterly failed, and grain riots have occurred in
many p'ajes as the result of the scarcity of cereals.
China has agreed that the Siberian Railway shall
cross Northern Manchuria, but retains the right of ;
pre-emption in thirty years.
Captain General Weyler's plan to trap Maceo or
defeat and drive him east has failed. General Mel-
quizo, who led the Spanish troops, has been defeated
in three successive engagements with Maceo in the
mountains of Pinar del Rio. The Spanish loss is said
to have been very heavy.
From an Indian official report it is learned that, in
the year 189.5, 2,893 persons lost their lives through
tigers, panthers, bears, elephants and other wild
beasts; 21,.53S died from serpent biles, three-fourths
of which were caused by cobras. Quite 97,000 domes-
tic animals were killed by tigers, panthers and ser-
pents.
Mahogany sells at Minatitlan, Vera Cruz, at from
$35 to $45 a ton for large timber, and one large dealer
there sells 1,000 tons a year to New York and Euro-
pean buyers. On a visit to Mexico City lately, he
said that, although the stock had run out in some
parts of the Isthmus of Tehuanlepec, ther<? were in-
exhaustible supplies still in the central portions and
also in parts of Vera Cruz.
RECEIPTS.
Unless otherwise specifled, two dollars have been re-
ceived from each person, paying for vol. 70.
John S. Fowler, Agent, Pa., for Aaron Davis and
Benjamin Hayes ; Susan E. Dickinson, Pa.; Samuel
Forsythe, Pa.; Andrew Roberts, Ore.; Anna M. War-
rington, and for T. Francis Warrington and Elizabeth
L. Warrington, Pa.; Archibald Crosbie, Agent, la.,
$24, for ArchibaM Henderson, Joseph Henderson,
Daniel J. Peckham, Lorenzo Rockwell, Franklin
Rockwell, Hubert Rockwell, Lewis L. Rockwell,
Harry W. Rockwell, S. Dak.; Ole P. Tjossem, Chris-
tian Thomson, Ssvert Tow and Hugh L. Knowles, N.
Y.; Hannah F. Smedley, Pa.; T, E. Mott, la.; Abram
Siratlon, Pa.; Emma H. Brown, Pa.; J. H. Dewees,
Penna.; Wm. Stanton, Agent, for William Hoyle, 0.;
Henrietta R. Willits, N. J.; Lydia A. Haines, Gtn.;
Joshua BrantingI am. Agent. O., $8.40, for Griflith
Dewees, John Oliphant, William D. Oliphant, Lydia
Winder and Mary L. Test, to No. 11, vol. 70.
t^'RemiUance.t received tifler Third-dny evening wi7i
not appear in the Receipts until the following week.
NOTICES.
The Philadelphia Auxiliary Bible Associa-
tion of Friends.— The Sixty-sixth Annual Meetin"
of the Association will be held at Friends' Institute
No. 20 South Twelfth Street, on F"ourth-day, Tenlb
Month 14th, 1896, at half-past four o'clock. All
Friends are invited to attend. '
B. W. Beesley, Secretary.
Position wanted as companion to invalid or el
derly woman bv a young woman Friend.
Address " E," office of The Friend, j
The Annual Meeting op the Corporation oi |
Haverford College will be held in the Committei
Room of Arch Street Meeting-house, Philadelphia
on Third-day, Tenth Month 13th, 1896, at 3 o'clock
p. M. The charier requires an attendance of twent;
to constitute a quorum ; therefore members are par
ticularly requested to be present, if it is possible fa
them to do so.
That future notices may not be delayed, pleasi
notify the Secretary of any change in address.
George Vaux, Jr-, Sec'i/,
404 Girard Building, Phila.
Westtown Boarding School. — For convenienc
of persons coming to Westtown School, the stage wil
meet trains leaving Philadelphia 7.17 and 8.46 A. M.
and 2.53 and 4.32 p. M. Other trains are met whei
requested. Stage fare on regular trips, fifteen cents
on specuil trips, twenty-five cents each way. To read
the school by telegraph, wire West Chester Phone 8f
Benj'n Passmore, Sup't.
WILLIAM H. PILE'S SONS, PRINTERS,
No. 422 Walnut Street.
THE FRIEND.
A Religious and Literary Journal.
VOL. LXX.
SEVENTH-DAY, TENTH MONTH 17, 1896.
No. 13.
PUBLISHED WEEKLY.
Price, if paid in advance, $1.00 per annum.
Edwin P. Sellew, Publisher,
No. 207 Walnut Place,
(S)uthrrom Walnut Street, between Third and Fourth,)
PHILADELPHIA.
Articles designed for insertion to be addressed to
JOSEPH WALTON,
Moorestown, Burlington Co., N. J.
Entered as second-class matter at Philadelphia P. O.
lOiary and Letters of Deborah Brooks Webb.
' (Continued from page iiO.)
! 1856.— Tenth Mo. 12ih.— Dear H. Gibbons
'spoke so waruiugly. May I take warning and
Jove and not doubt. I must have faiih. Oh Lord
in mercy be pleased to change my stony heart to
one soft and obedient.
17th. — Two English Friends, Priscilla Green
land M. Nicholson, came into our school. They
ihave appointed an evening meeting here on the
[eighteen til.
I 23rd. — Preparative Meeting. Morris Cope
^poke of the widow and her faith in making the
cake for the prophet.
211th. — Monthly Meeting. Hannah Warner
and Abigail Williams here. Aunt Mary Kite
goes to Bucks Quarter. May it be my meat
and drink to do my Heavenly Father's will.
Eleventh Month 30th. — Silent meeting. I
asked for a forgiving heart and obedient spirit,
land I believe it was heard ; for the words "Ask
.and ye shall receive," also, " He giveth liber-
ally and upbraideth not," came so sweetly into
my mind that I cannot doubt. Dear aunt Mary
(Kite) said at Monthly Meeting, "Abide at the
Master's feet and He will help, support and
■comfort you in his own time." It is a comfort
to believe so. Oh ! Lord, increase the faith of
thy poor struggling servant and preserve me, I
beseech of Thee.
On the eighth of Twelfth Month, 18-56, her
ibrother John, when on his way to be married,
was killed at Alliance, Ohio, by a railroad ac-
cident, of which she writes : Sad, sad day.
This evening dear brother John was killed by
the cars, telegraph came at noon on the nintii.
I On the eleventh the remains of my dear brother
came. We can see him : funeral at ten on the
twelfth. Dear John W. Tatum there. I have
such evidence that he is safe in heaven.
1857.— First Month 1st.— Dear Hannah Gib-
bons said, "As the hart panteth after the water
brooks, so panteth ray soul after thee, oh, God !''
After dinner dear Aunt Mary (Kite) had a
word for poor me.
11th.— The dew falleth in the dark night,
when there is no rain. If we were to strive to
worship God, we should feel the dew of his
presence to refresh us.
■ 18th. — At two o'clock, commenced a hard
snow-storm. On the nineteenth could not get
to school at all. On the twentieth did not get
there till ten. Drifts three and four feet high.
On the twenty-fourth, mercury 20° below zero.
Fourth Mouth 10th. — D. Brooks gave up her
school in West Chester and went to Philadel-
phia to be with her mother, who was left very
lonely after the death of her son.
Fifth Month 18th.— Went to Mary Holgate's
to learn bonnet-making.
Sixth Month 17th. — William Green, from
Ireland (at meeting), quoted the passage, "Oh,
that thou hast hearkened to my commandments,
then had thy peace been as a river and thy
righteo.usness as the waves of the sea." True
about myself.
Eighth Mo. 3rd.— Quarterly Meeting. Wil-
liam Green appeared in supplication. Mary
Ann Loyd spoke, also R. S. and a man Friend.
6th. — Here am I, oh Lord, do with me as
seemeth good to thee. "Search me and know
my thoughts, prove me and see if there l)e any
wicked way in me," and do thou it away in thy
mercy.
Twelfth Month.— The retrospect is humiliat-
ing. When will I be the Lord's devoted child?
When shall I pray every moment and be hum-
ble ? My desires have been more ardent and
constant of late. Help me, oh. Lord, I beseech
of thee, to take up my cross and become thine.
I thank thee for thy long extended mercies and
blessings to poor unworthy me. Have mercy
yet longer, oh ! Lord, and twine me unto thee.
Chasten me, make me thine. Forgive my in-
irjuities, blot out my sins and transgressions,
love me freely for thy mercy's sake. Here am
I ; do with me as seemeth thee good, only take
not thy Holy Spirit from me; only make me
thv holy child every minute.
1858.— First Month 31st.— At meeting. A
stranger and Samuel Bettle, so good. My God
shall supply all your needs, according to his
riches in glory in Christ Jesus. I am thankful
for this assurance, for I am poor and needy.
Third Month 22nd.— Monthly Meeting at
North Meeting. My certificate received.
[Between this date and the year 1 860 she does,
not appear to have kept any record of her feel-
ings and experiences, but from a letter written
at Parkerville, Chester Co., dated Fifth Month
8ih, 1859, she seems to have returned for a time
to teach in a school there. It is addressed to
her sister.]
" I would very much like you to be here, this
quiet First-day afternoon and listen to the wind
in the trees and the voices of the little birds
and chickens. Oh ! it is very pleasant, but I
do not seem to have the heart to enjoy it, as I
used to do. The time may come when I will,
but it is not now.
" The trees are in bloom around and so many
beautiful flowers, I know you would love to see
them. But the flowers will have to grow and
bloom in joy and peace in my spiritual garden
before I can look around with rapturousjoy and
say with Cowper, ' My Father made them all.'
" Think of me, sometimes, brother and siste?-,
and when favored to ajiproach the throne of
grace with supplication, ask for me too, that I
may be enabled to give up all, wear the cross
cheerfully tind obtain the an.swer of favor from
our gracious Lord;
"Not till all is sanctified in this manner will
your sister ever enjoy this world or much that
is in it.
" The school here so far very pleasant. The
children so kind and behave so well. There
are several quite large girls who seem desirous
to assist by their good conduct rather than give
trouble. I hope it will continue, and that I
too can keep in the right spirit. Thirty-five
children came the first day, there are forty-one
registered ; more are expected to-morrow.
"They seem like such a respectable class of
children. . . . The whole place has im-
proved so much. A new brick store has been
built and the oM store-house raised and formed
into a neat dwelling just in front of our house,
and this place is fitted up, painted, papered, a
neat porch witii treJlis work ends and front, and
the whole village has a cheerful aspect ; my
room is very pleasant and Phebe (Parker) is
kind and a good cook, so you see there are
many blessings. One very sweet tempered and
modest young girl lives here with her aunt and
is going to school ; we three generally compose
the family.
" How I would like to hand you some of these
specimens of wild wood beauty which the little
ones bring in such profuse bunches and load ray
desk with. . . . From your aff'ectionate sister,
" Deborah Brooks."
I860.— Fifth Mo. 27th.— It is so long since
I have written in this little book. Am I really
any better? It seems to me the work is going
on, but how much bolting h.\s there been ? So
unwilling to give up all and be as a fuol before
people in my daily walk. Oh ! I have found
there is no peace to be had till all is surren-
dered, the whole heart given up, to be, to do
and seem as He would. How long have I held
back. Surely God has been gracious and long
suffering. Oh ! dear Lord and Saviour in thy
marvellous, loving kindness, be merciful yet
longer and bring ine entirely through all into
true daily obedience to thee. Bless thy people
oh. Lord, and cause thine heritage to arise and
shine with thy righteousness.
Ninth Month 1st. — There is more of giving
all up to our indwelling life, but I feel that I
have not yet "resisted unto blood, striving
against sin." Oh, if I even obey every moment
how much cause shall I have to bless and praise
my God and Saviour for his marvellous mercy
to me.
1861.— First Month.— Hast thou not, oh!
most merciful Father, broken my hard heart
and brought me into entire submission to thee,
led me into paths of fasting and prayer and
granted me great peace and joy at last. Great
and marvellous have been thy mercies vouch-
safed unto me- What shall I render unto thee
hut my whole heart, for thou art worthy, worthy,
98
THE FRIEND.
Tenth Mo. 17, 1896.
everlasting worthy of all adoration, praise and
thanksgiving forever and ever. Anaen.
Third Month. — Again I have fallen, again
thou hast visited and raised the new and inward
life. Oh ! Lord help me to live all the time to
thee. Oh ! give nie more soberness, more of thy
countless indwelling with thee. Thou art the
Holy Head of thy people and Church. Oh !
let me remember it all the time and be very
watchful. Here am I Lord, form me into what
thou wouldst. O only strengthen me.
In 18— she was appointed to the primary
department of Friends' Select School in Phila-
delphia. Her concern for the best welfare of
the children was great, and frequently contin-
ued after they were removed from under hei
care. This is manifested by some letters writ
ten to a former pupil, whose mind had become
unsettled in regard to the principles of Friend;
and who was inclined to join another religious
society.
Some extracts from these will be inserted
under their respective dates.
TO L. H. B.
"Philadelphia, Third Month 17th, 1861.
''Beared Laura :— It is with a renewed feel-
ing of that love wherein I so enjoy thinking of
thee that I commence this epistle, though feel-
ing at the same time that I have nothing of in-
terest to communicate. Thine so affectionately
penned, brought thyself and friend very closely
to my feelings, and you have been very, very
frequently in mind. May He who takes care
of all the sparrows on his earth, care also for
you and lead you sweetly along in his paths. I
know, I can say He will not forsake you if you
keep close to Him, but there is one thing that
daily seems more and more certain to me, viz :
Everything which He in love requires must be
performed or there is no peace.
" Dear L. thy poor friend feels herself so un-
worthy and unfit to speak of these great truths
in this way and it has often been my desire that
no words or influence of mine should lead thee
wrong. Have I not tried to point to that Sa-
viour whom thou knows and loves, and who is
the Wonderful Counsellor? My path often
seems so unaccountable to myself, but if it only
leads me to perfect union with an knowledge of
Him my desires will be satisfied, for thou know-
est, 'This is life eternal to know thee, the only
true God, and Jesus Christ, whom thou hast
sent.' Oh ! this perfect saving knowledge ; how
much I need it, and how cheering at times is it
to believe that if we ask we shall receive. Oh !
for a heart in me to serve Him unreservedly,
continually, daily, hourly. It was particularly
interesting to me to read thy account of thy
valued, lamented sister, and I could sympathize
with you. How cheering and confirming it is
to hear of happy and triumphant death-bed
scenes. Does it not animate us to seek to have
our names written in the Lamb's book of life,
and also to live the life of the righteous, that we
may die the death of the righteous. . . . Fare-
well my precious friend in that love which is
abiding; please also think of me sometimes when
thou humbly approaches his holy footstool.
" Thine truly,
" Deborah Brooks."
(To be continued.)
There is something in the heart and con-
science that reproves evil ; there is no need of
proof for this, every one's experience tells him
the truth of it ; if you will bear this check and
reproof it gives to evil, you will fiud also that
it will stir up to good, and encourage you to
go on in the one way, and to flee from the other.
Now, believe and know for certain, this is Chrht;
and this is the voice, that. He says, his sheep
hear and know (John x : 3, 4), even this, that
has been so long slighted and neglected in the
conscience, — this so much baflled and slighted
voice, is that way by which Christ speaks: hear
him thus, or not at all. — A. Jaffrey.
Through Jungle and Desert.
(Concluded from page 92.)
While encamped at Seran,they were pursued
by a large war party of the Rendile, who had
decided not to permit such a prize to slip through
their fingers. When their approach was known,
the travellers and about twenty men ran for-
ward to meet them. There were a few horse-
men and a large body of foot warriors. They
professed to be a peaceful hunting party, which
neither Chanlernor his men believed. "The two
Somali who were with me grinned with excite-
ment and glee, and said, ' Now Master, Allah
has delivered these people with horses and
camels into our hands. Now let us seize them.
They are enemies and they belong to us. We
know that the white man does not wage war for
the sake of plunder; but let us, the Somali, go
with a few men we will select, and in a few
moments you will have horses to ride, and camels
to carry your goods.' "
Chanler adds, "The tempation to yield was,
I must admit, next to irresistible; but as the
people made no overt attack upon us, and as
the horsemen continued to shout ' Peace, peace !'
I could not permit myself to indulge in an at-
tack."
An adventure with a snake is thus related :
" Shortly after sunset, I had a rather disagree-
able experience. I was striding along in the
centre of the path, when suddenly I heard Ba-
raka shout, ' Yallah bwana mkubma' (For the
love of God, master). As he shouted, I felt a
sharp blow on my left side, just over the pocket
of my coat, and leaping quickly to one side, I
ran on for two or three paces. Upon turning
around, I saw a snake rising out of the path
which I had just left, with its head fully three
feet from the ground. Its fierce eyes shone in
the light of the setting sun, and its neck was
swollen out until it appeared to have the breadth
of two hands. As I gazed, it slowly and noise-
lessly sank to the earth and disappeared from
the path. I did not pursue it, principally for
the reason that a shot fired after sunset was un-
derstood by my caravan to mean a signal of
distress; and that would have resulted in my
men throwing down their loads and running
forward to meet me, thus delaying our arrival
at the water. Had it not been for the fact that
I carried in the left side pocket of my coat, two
strongly bound notebooks, the fangsof the ser-
pent would undoubtedly have penetrated to my
flesh, and from its size death would have been
practically instantaneous. Upon examination,
I found that the fangs had penetrated quite
through one of the books, aud nearly through
the outer covering of the other. It is strange
how one becomes accustomed to disagreeable
surprises after a stay of some mouths in Africa.
My mind was filled with the necessity of reach-
ing water, and sending back succor to the men
who had gone out of their heads for the want
of it ; so, after a few exclamations of relief, I
pressed on with my boys to our goal." The goal
was the crater of an extinct volcano, in whose
depths water could be found. Sending the men
down to obtain the precious fluid, Chanler him- j
self remained at the entrance of a rift in its side. !
After sitting perhaps a quarter of an hour he
heard "the well-known grumble of a lion in
search of jjrey." The shadow which filled the
rift prevented him from distinguishing anything
in that direction, but the rattle of falling stones
soon showed that the lion was approaching from
above. He was afraid to fire lest it should in-
terfere with the prompt procurement of water
by his men, so he seized stones from the ground
and hurled them vigorously in the direction
from which he heard the lion coming. He con-
tinued to throw stones and shout until his arm
was tired and his voice hoarse. The return of
his men with water at length relieved him of
his disagreeable position.
In the course of their travels, our adventurers
came into contact with the Wanderabbo, a peace-
able tribe who live largely on elephants. They
were nearly starving, and endeavored to barter
ivory for food ; and when told that they had no
means of transporting the ivory, they replied,
" Buy the ivory, and leave it with us, and when
you return, or send a man with some token to
these parts, we will deliver it to him." Their in-
terpreters told the visitors that the Wanderabbo
never broke their promises to the traders. Tak-
ing pity on the starving condition of the village
they met with, a stay of some days was made
in the vicinity, and several elephants shot to
supply tliem with food. In hunting the ele-
phants the party were exposed to much danger
—for the wild animals seemed to be in groups
of five or six, and when a shot was fired the
whole company rushed down to destroy these
intruders into their haunts. On one occasion,
Chanler's life was saved by his fox terrier, who
dashed at the foremost elephant, and bit him
vigorously.all the while barking loudly. Theele-
phants at once halted, and with a scream of fright
turned sharply to one side. On another occasion
his interpreter, while standing at the edge of an ;
elephant path, saw a herd of elephants approach-
ing him at a tremendous rate of speed. He at
once threw himself into the sharp thorn-bush
on the side of the path, and managed to get
about three feet into the bush by the time the
leading elephant reached the place where he
was standing. There the elephant stopped, and
began to search for him with his trunk, and
finally reached for him. He had his sandals in
his hand, and being unable to move on account
of the thorns, as the trunk of the elephant neared
him, he instinctively held out the sandals, which ^
were promptly seized. The sandals seemed to
satisfy the curiosity of the beast; for, having
taken them with its trunk, it dashed them to
the ground, and trampled upon them. Then
with a loud trumpeting of rage it passed down
the path, followed by its fellows, leaving Hassan
offering thanks to Allah for his escape.
It has already been stated that the expedition ^
was finally broken up by the desertion of the '
great body of the porters. This reduced the
party to about tvvent)' men, too small a number
to successfully venture into the more northern
regions which it was their object to visit, and
rendered it necessary for them to return to the \
coast, so after making liberal presents to the
natives, the balance of the goods was destroyed,
and a march of about four hundred and fifty
miles, in which they met witli but few adven-
tures, found them at Mombasa, on the sea-side.
The only way to form anything like an ap-
proximate idea of the size of London is to give
a whole week to the top of an omnibus. Begin
right after breakfast and ride anywhere, it makes
no difference where ; then take a bus from that
1th Mo. 17,
THE FRIEND.
loiiit and ride somewhere else ; if luncheon hour
las ciiine, stop at one of the numberless tea and
•iioculate houses and have refreshinint, and
hen resume the top of the buss and keep on
intil night. Do this steadily for several days,
changing from the buss to the tram, but always
>oing on the outside, and by dint of a pair of
i)pera glasses, a good, ready tongue, a ii^teniIlg
:ar, and an understanding heart something of
;he vastness of this city may be realized. Hav-
ng done this, the ne.xt thing is the river steam-
boats up as far as Hampton Court, whicli is at
east twenty miles, with the throbbing city lifj
dl along the way. By this time London will
iave a meaning which no guidebook can give,
ind its immense population will be in some
fiieasure a reality. — Selected.
For "The Fkiend."
j A Short Account of John Graham.
' (Concluded from page 94.)
' In Tenth Month, 1859, he married iMartha
King, of Birmingham, a union which added
■rreatly to his happiness and comfort daring the
'ast eight years of his life. As the years passed
in, his mind became increasingly serious and
Bxercised. His health was not strong, and the
oeed he felt of doing the day's work in the day-
>irae, became obvious to those around him. His
nature was timid and retiring, and only two
tnemoraudums have been found relating to that
wrowth of grace in his own heart, which, like
ihe leaven of the kingdom, was working there,
knd bringing all into conformity to the law of
jthe Spirit of Life. The first is dated
[ "Seventh Month 26th, 1863.— It is with me
to place on record something of the experiences
(which I have this day passed through, believ-
ling that such record may hereafter afford either
iniyseif or others some encouragement to cling
k:losely to the alone Captain of our Salvation,
when in the hour of darkness and apparent
desertion, for, under the exercises of mind I
have had to pass through, I think I have seen
Ithe safety there is, so long as the cloud rests
;upon the tabernacle, in Israel staying in his
tent. It is hardly possible to describe these ex-
'ercises — something after Jonah's experience
'when he said, ' I am cast out of thy sight, yet
'will I look again toward thy holy temple.'
' " Underdeepandexercisingtravailofsoul, and
'some endeavor to plead that the eternal Truth of
God may be exalted overall in myself and in the
world, without any or little ability to feel those
■incomes of heavenly love and refreshings, as
from his presence, which have often of late ac-
companied my spirit when gathered unto Him
and earnestly endeavoring to wait on Him
and worship and adore his holy name. Still,
the breathing of my soul has been ' Though
thou slay me, yet will I put my trust in thee.'
I cannot say that I have felt much despondency
or discouragement, for a hope has held me and
a sense been given that this baptism is for my
welftire. And in cjming in from meeting this
evening, the ' Life and Experience of Thomas
Bulman' lay open before me, and my eye rested
upon oneof his letters to his brother and sister, in
which he says, ' This has been a trying season
to us, both inwardly and outwardly, but mag-
nified be the Lord for such trials. He only does
with his children according to the pleasure of
his own will. And we can say that all things
■ work together for good to them that love Him.
Our trying, proving seasons, if rightly made use
of, are our most profitable seasons, our times of
best improvement. It was from the bottom of
; Jordan that the children of Israel had to brin
stones of memorial, and when in the deeps we
shall experience the loving kindness of the
The other memorandum has no date.
"My mind has been brought under deep ex-
ercise, under a sense of the oppressive weighing
down of the incorruptible Seed and Word of
Life in the world at large, in the professed
Church of Christ. And finally, most painfully,
because most directly opposed to its own life
and theory, in our own religious community.
There has been an earnest travail in my spirit
and a cry unto God that He would arise and
cause his own eternal power to be made mani-
fest amongst us, that his glory may go over all,
and that men, especially members of our Soci-
ety, may be shaken from their false rests and
corrupt supports; that their idols may bedashed
in the dust, and that they may know that
' verily there is a reward to the righteous ; ver-
ily there is a God who judgeth in the earth.' "
Some further extracts from his pen, in a more
general sense, may suitably follow :
" We may see, at the first miracle on record,
an injunction falls from maternal lips, ' What-
soever He saith unto you, do it;' in giving
heed to that injunction, obedience to the Lord
of Life brought the rich blessing, and where
there had been water there was wine. So shall it
be with us if we obey Him. Our water, drawn
from humanity's common font, shall be changed
into wine — the new wine of blessing, the good
wine, kept even until now.
" No lengthened prayer, poured from the lips
of the highest church dignitary but must fail
in comprehensiveness, in comparison to the
ejaculation, ' Thy kingdom come, thy will be
done.'
" No human priest is needed since our Medi-
ator and Great High Priest presides, no chant
to bear aloft the aspirations of our souls. No
censer need dispense its fragrance to accompany
the odor of our spirits, for the King sitteth at
his table, and the spikenard sendeth forth the
smell thereof. For when the King invisible,
eternal, immortal, is enthroned and ruling over
all, so near does He permit his poor, weak, help-
less creatures to approach himself, that, with
reverence and worship, they bow in spirit, and
such is the hallowed feeling permitted that we
wait on Him.
" If then, our hearts have been stirred to
their very depths — the quickening visitations
of the Lord's Holy Spirit having laid bare all,
and discovered to us nothing but corruption,
death and darkness — then, through abounding
mercy, the Lord of Life and Light hath opened
our spiritual eye to behold the Lamb of God
that taketh away the sins of the world, drawn
us to himself, the uplifted One, and said, ' Yet
a little while is the light with you ; walk while
ye have the light, lest darkness come upon
you ; while ye have the light, that ye may be
the children of the light.'
" Every man has a triple existence — the
animal, or outer life, filling up his physical be-
ing ; the intellectual, feeding on the refined and
pleasurable sensation of all arts tending to ex-
pand and elevate the natural faculties, revel-
ing in the beautiful, calling to its aid poetry,
painting and music, all that can charm and
soothe and satisfy mortal cravings after sublu-
nary bliss ; and, finally, but of surpassing im-
portance, the spiritual life, the immortal part
in man, called into existence whilst iu this state
of being, destined to continue through the ages
of eternity, fed, even here, on immortal food
given to drink, aye, on this side of the grave.
of that river flowing out of the great white
throne. The seed of promise, mercifully placed
in the hearts cjf his creatures, is watered in th;;
mercies of the Almighty King r)f Heaven, and
is refreshed with showers of love and all i\<\T-
itual ble-ssiugs, and nourished with the flesh and
blood of Him who was and is the Living Bread
from heaven, the seed of promise, which, over-
coming the seed of evil propensities, i-s given to
eat of the 'tree of life, which standeth in the
midst of the ])aradi.se of God,' receiving with
meekness the ingrafted word (t)otent for salva-
tion), desiring the sincere milk thereof and
growing thereby from the condition of a babe
in Christ, still overcoming, still being fed with
the heavenly manna, thus arriving at the stat-
ure of a perfect man. The soul, having i)een
cleansed by the blood of sprinkling and robed
in the white linen of Christ's righteousnes-s, is
sustained in allegiance to the Lamb by his own
|)ower, and is fitted, even whilst the probationer
passes through the changing scenes of earth,
for the purchased inheritance of unending blis.s
in one of the many mansions prepared for the
redeemed in heaven."
Towards the end of his life, he penned .some
thoughts on the calling and present condition
of the Society of Friends, and though he never
was able to connect them together as a whole,
yet some of the remarks contained in them are
too valuable to be omitted.
" The early Friends were called to battle
against sin, both in themselves and in the world.
They felt with Jehoshaphat, when in full view of
the enemies of Judah and Jerusalem, that ' they
knew not what to do,' yet, as their eyes were
upon the God of Israel, they were given to see
that the battle was not theirs, but God's, and
truly they were called, as was he, closely to dis-
cern their Lord's putting forth his restraining
and constraining direction, and as it was to Je-
hoshaphat, so to them, the command of their
Captain was clear as to time and place, claim-
ing for Christ the authority to rule and reign
in every heart (2 Chron. xx : 17).
" There were giants in those days, and there
are giants in these. We cannot discover that
the modern Friend is placed at any disadvan-
tage from incompetency, intellectually, morally
or spiritually. Nay, I incline to the thought
that our surroundings and culture gives us a
vantage ground, incurring a greater moral ac-
countability than we may fairly suppose was
theirs. However this may be, it is clear that
they were stronger men than their descendants
are in one important direction, and if I mistake
not, the contrast has its action in this — indi-
vidually and collectively their spiritual life was
immeasurably greater than ours, and with many
of them, their spiritual senses were kept in mar-
vellous tone. It was 'that which was from the
beginning,' etc., the} laid hold of with an ap-
preciation delightful to contemplate.
" We are large (collectively) in intellect; in
morality we are supposed to maintain a marked
place ; in energy of body and mind we triumph ;
but who will say that there is not a great want
of soul, of heaven-born earnestness in many of
our works? JNIay it not be that we have in-
herited and imbibed and adopted, on the pow-
ful recommendation of their example, some of
the objects they labored upon — which were un-
doubtedly born of true principle in their case —
without our ever having come to appreciate the
motive which influenced them, either in their
active labor or in their passive testimony.
" The Scriptures they regard as a stream of
holy refreshment, unsullied in their Divine ori-
100
THE FRIEND.
Tenth Mo. 17,
gin, iu the spirit of their teaching, flowing, as
they do, from the fountain of life, ministering
joy to the mourner in Zion, light to beiiold the
King in his beauty to eyes anointed with the
eye-salve of the kingdom, the eye which has
been to the pool of Siloam and there washed off
earth's clinging encasements. Yes, the oftener
they have been there and have looked through
tears of repentance towards God and known
their faith in the Saviour renewed, the more
have they been able to look into the placid
depths of heavenly love, traced by inspiration
on the page of outward revelation.
" In accordance with the Biblical declaration
that ' the natural man knoweth not the things
of the Spirit of God,' the Society of Friends
have maintained (and have been particular iu
tlie maintenance of this) that man, in his [in-
regenerate and fallen state, however gifted in
intellect, is blind to their unfoldings. Nay, even
though he were a mental gladiator, he has no
power to measure his lance, in the mystery of
godliness, against the humble follower of Him
who alone hath ' the key which openeth.'
" Do many evidences arise that Truth is tri-
umphing, and that the kingdom is being estab-
lished, of which there shall be no end? A con-
clusion none of us would dare to indorse. I
would venture to ask those who feel at liberty
to abandon everything which they regard as
conventional and who appear to have imbibed
a kind of antagonism to all that bears the stamp
of plainness, to consider whether the road they
are taking is bringing them into nearer fellow-
shij) and heavenly union with the flock of
Christ's companions. On a matter of such iin-
portance, let us not be deceiving ourselves. If
it be the worldly mind we are gratifying, it can-
not be we are walking in the narrow way, which
way, though narrow and repellent to the carnal
mind, has ever been the path, despite the world's
angriest frowns, most thickly strewn with solid
peace and lasting joys. There are resting-places
where the weary may repose, there are wells
where the thirsty may drink. That way is the
way that has ever been hallowed by the foot-
prints of Christ's companions."
John Graham removed to Birmingham early
in 1866, and, in the following year, after a slight
attack of rheumatic fever, his health showed
signs of failing. The action of the heart had
been weakened, many years before, by rheu-
matism, and the dropsical symptoms which ac-
companied the progress of cardiac disease, much
increased his sufferings during the last few weeks
of his life. Accompanied by his dear wife, he
tried a change to Malvern, but an increase of
illness there made them thankful to return, and
from this time he suffered much from faintuess
and difficulty of breathing.
He said that " he had no sentimental desire
for death," and that " it was not his province
to choose," but his constant desire was " Thy
will in this and in all things be done."
On Third-day afternoon, the seventeenth of
Ninth Month, 1867, he was so ill that much
alarm was felt about hira, but he thought him-
self that the time for departure had not come.
He wished the passage in Rev. ii read, addressed
to the Ephesian Church, dwelling with comfort
on the beautiful promise, " To him that over-
cometh, will I give to eat of the tree of life,
which standeth in the midst of the paradise of
God." He went on to quote from Hebrews,
xiii, laying great emphasis upon the injunc-
tion, " Let us go forth, therefore, unto Him
without the camp, bearing his reproach. For
here have we no continuing city ;" enjoining
upon those around cot to be afraid of bearing
reproach for Christ. The lines were repeated :
"Sweet to lie passive in his hands;
And know no will but his."
And he responded, " That's all." The will
of God being his " one desire."
Ohio Yearly Meeting.
Ninth Month 29th. — As on other days, the
Yearly Meeting convened not very punctually,
due perhaps to two standards of time being used,
viz: the true time for this longitude and that
adopted by the railway companies. Barnesville
being near the eastern border of this section
makes a variation of nearly half an hour be-
tween the two reckonings.
The report of deaths of ministers and elders
for one year mentioned the decease of five
Friends whose ages ranged about from sixty-
seven to ninety-two years. The record called
forth some remarks on the duties of those in
the active stages of life
A report of the committee charged with the
promotion of education in the primary schools
elicited much expression of interest in our de-
nominational schools as means of training the
children of the Society in its belief and prac-
tices. A moderate amount of money bestowed
from the funds of the Yearly Meeting render-
ing possible the support of a Friends' school in
places where the number of members is small,
and giving relief where parents' income is less
than the demands of their families' support.
This being the triennial period for the ap-
pointment of a committee for the management
of the boarding school, it was concluded to con-
tinue the old committee, whose membership is
large.
30th. — A meeting for worship is regularly
held on Fourth-day. It is attended by a con-
siderable number of non-members, and was
again a season of much earnest waiting and of
labor in the ministry.
In the afternoon the meeting appointed for
the young took place according to arrangement.
Several forms near the front of the meeting-
room were reserved for the seats of those to
whom the concern extended, and these were
filled with the youth of each sex. A very appro-
priate address, full of Christian love and in-
struction, was calculated to reach the religious
sensibilities of those who iu the order of nature
must be the successors of the men and women
who are now the most responsible actors in the
Society. As in some other instances, the good
impressions made were not increased, it was to
be feared, by addition in the same line from
subsequent speaking. The occasion, however,
was believed to be helpful and confirming.
Tenth Month 1st. — The final session of the
Yearly Meeting takes place on Fifth-day.
The annual report of the Boarding School
Committee was read, and considered satisfac-
tory. A debit balance in the accounts of some
.six hundred dollars was due largely to extra-
ordinary repairs to the buildings. An associa-
tion of old scholars gives substantial assistance
to pupils whose means are limited, by loaning
them money. A lively interest too is main-
tained among the Friends generally iu the
school and in improved methods of education.
Reports of the examination of the treasurer's
account, and of the committee for the distribu-
tion of Friends' books, were read.
Statistics of the number of families and parts
of fauiilies in each Quarterly Meeting made
this year for the first time in their history, gives
the total membership of the Yearly Meeting as !
twenty-three hundrtd and forty-four. |
Nearly the last business was reading epistles ;
to the five Yearly Meetings with which corres-
pondence is kept up. The theme of these let-
ters was the essential principles of our Christian
faith, rather than the activities that are often
the subject matter of such communications ; fra-
ternal and affectionate in their greetings they
were well adapted to bind together in the love of
the Gospel the bodies between which they pass.
Evidences of a growth in grace and of a
united desire to advance the cause of Truth,
give a hopeful outlook for the future of Ohio
Yearly Meeting of Friends. A deep solemnity ,
covered the assembly as we waited for the period
of closing, and it is not doubted many present
have returned to their homes with faith renewed
in the care and guidance of the great Shepherd
of the sheep. Parental care, the Society's
schools, and faithful oversight have done much
to conserve a pure belief and consistent prac-
tice among these Friends, and have been effec-
tual aids in rendering operative the gift of
Grace.
The meeting of ministers and elders began
on Sixth-day, Ninth Month 25th, and during
the period of worship, spiritual communion and
introspection were partaken of to the help of
the gathered company. Vocal communications
expressive of the exercise of the meeting before
and during the time of transacting the business
helped to unite the hearts of those present.
Several Friends from the East were present
whose attendance drew the expression of satis-
faction from most of the members of the meet-
ing; although some technical points of ditter-
ence caused adverse criticism upon the reading
a minute for one Friend, by a few, which was
some interruption to the flow of life that had
been enjoyed.
At three p. M. the Meeting for Suft'erings sat
down, whose business at this time was chiefly
to hear the reading of an address on capital
punishment, that had been prepared for general
distribution. It advocated the abolition of the
death penalty for the crime of murder and the
substitution of iniprisonment for life with the
withdrawal of the pardoning power in such
cases. The essay seemed well adapted to en-
lighten the public mind on the subject, and to
prepare the way for a reform in this part of the
criminal code.
26th. — A session of the Yearly Meeting took
place this morning. Epistles from Yearly Meet-
ings in New England, Canada, Indiana, Iowa
and Kansas were read to satisfaction. The
spirit and tenor of these letters were thought to
be more than usually comforting and edifying.
A committee was named to prepare replies. A
liberal legacy made by a Friend for educational ■
purposes was directed to be placed in the hands
of t rustees to be nominated by a committee.
The large accommodation furnished for the i
entertainment of Friends at the Boarding School |
brings together a numerous company there, con- i
tributing to the renewal of old acquaintances '
and much valuable social and religious inter-
course. The Bible-reading in the evening often j
proves a helpful termination to the day's exer- 1
cises. 1
As usual on the first day of the week during ,
Yearly Meeting a great concourse of people
from the country around, in addition to the
Friends from a distance, and those of several
meetings near, takes place. Railway trains and
vehicles of various kinds convey hundreds of
men, women and children to the meeting-house
lenth Mo. 17, 1896.
THE FRIEND.
101
rounds, many of them intent only on the pleas
re ut' an outing and picnic dinner under the
rees. Enougli, however, seek an opportuniiy
jr wiirship and religious aid to fill the seals of
he large house and in time to settle quietly
ito a solemn assembly. The free Gospel of
Jivine grace was largely preached, and Ijoth
lorning and afternoon, it was believed, a goo(:
rieasure of spiritual life was known to circu-
ate.
' 28th. — The concluding session of the meeting
f ministers and elders was held previous to the
lour of the general Yearly Meeting. John W.
miith was reappointed Clerk. During the read-
ig of the summary answers to the queries ad-
iressed to ministers and elders a lively exercise
verspread the meeting, and instructive and
.elpful words of counsel and encouragement
-ere spoken. The opportunity ended in a leel-
ig of gratitude for the favor vouchsafed.
. In the general meetings after the appoint-
ment of Barclay Smith and William L. Ashtou
's clerk and assistant and some other similar
usiness the reading and answering of the
ueries began. As this progressed a lively in-
3rest in the welfare of the Church was mani-
2sted in many brief communications pertinent
3 the various subjects brought under review,
fear the end of the sitting a minister men-
ioned his concern to have a meeting with the
ioung Friends which was approved by both
'hen and women and a time arranged for its
»eing held.
I For "THE Friend."
Westphalian Quakers.
■ The article which appeared in The Friend
jecently respecting Westphalia Quakers has
licited a letter from a grandchild of the Chris-
ppher Keckefuss mentioned therein. The letter
tates that C.Reckefuss came to this country and
ettled in Baltimore for a few years, and then
■ame to Philadelphia about the year 1808. He
fterwards removed to Illinois, with his wife
nd three young children.
; " The story of that adventure is a very sad
.■ne. After purchasing several sections of laud
.nd building himself a substantial house, every-
hing looking promising, he was taken sick with
ever and died out there, leaving his wife and
children in a strange place and almost inac-
cessible as far as postal service was concerned,
t being several weeks sometimes before a letter
cached Philadelphia. Remember this was over
eventy years ago. My grandmother, after
nany hardships and heartbroken, came back to
Philadelphia with her little family to my father
vho was at that time marrieii. Everything
mt there was left by her in an unsettled con-
lition. She did succeed in selling the horses
ind cattle, farther than that she did not go — so
,)ractically everything was lost. But to return
0 Christopher Reckefuss — he was always known
IS a man of deep piety and unswerving in truth
md uprightness. He was also a generous man
vho loved his neighbors as himself. As an in-
tance of this, when he came to this country he
)rought with him a family who wished also to
iee from persecution, but were unable to bear
he expense, grandfather bore it for them, and
vithout a thought of being repaid, and he never
vas. The child referred to in the record was
irst buried in the cemetery or church grounds,
)ut was dug up by the authorities, and in a
Host cruel manner was thrown over the wall of
grandfather's garden. Then it was that the in-
erment spoken of took place. My mother has
^Id us that grandmother could never relate the
circumstance without tears. In view of thestand
which these peo[)le took for what they cimsidered
to be the voice of conscience and light, shed ujwn
their path by the Holy Spirit, and for which
they were willing to suffer imprisonment, we may
be pardoned for feeling a justifiable pride in
such ancestry."
THE MEETING.
A large and reverent company
Were gatliered in the nieeting-liouse
That for many years had stood
To shelter those who songht their l^onl.
Old Evesham house is filled with those.
Who gathered there to worship God :
A feeling of sweet brotherhood.
Seems through the meeting to prevail.
Both branches of the Friends are here,
The churchman and the colored man ;
The children of one Father, all,
One universal God to serve.
The true and Christ-like spirit seems
To dwell in every heart to-day.
Oh I how inspiring is the sight,
To see them all collected here.
To wait upon and worship God,
For He alone is Master here.
And his interpreter must be
Inspired by Him to speak his words.
Oh ! what a perfect church on earth,
Where those of different creeds may join
To worship the one God of all :
And Christ-like charity extend
To all who try to serve the Lord :
All dwelling, as we hope, some day,
VVhen to our future home we go,
In love and peace and charity,
As Christ would teach us all to live.
Brothers and sisters, are we all.
And may we for each other live,
And listen for the Father's voice.
To guide and rule the hearts of all.
Oh ! what a solemn covering
Spread o'er the whole meeting-house.
What inspiration filled the hearts
Of those drawn here to worship God :
The Christ-like spirit seemed to be.
Still teaching his disciples here,
And each went home filled with the truth.
Which God hath power to reveal.
Each took his blessing and sweet peace.
Which always comes from serving God.
Martha. Shepard Lippincott.
Moorestown, N. J.
ONWARD.
faith in God.'
Comr.ades in Christ's unfinished work —
His confidential friends acknowledged slill !
List we the summons which alone can kill
The fears that in our pathway lurk.
Still speeds the work, as wears the day :
Vague visions find fixed shape to earnest eyes.
Which weakly shrink not from the harsh surprise
With which at first they cloud the way.
So hath all human knowledge grown,
While God, still lifting the still flowing veil
Of his own works, o'er obstacle and ail
On human intellect hath shone.
Still so the just shall live. His field
Of struggle and exploit shall stretch and change,
While hope, stifled by memory, shall range
O'er new domains half-unrevealed.
Self courts the world : but faithful souls.
Unbound by self, in triumph work, and weld
Anew the slaS' by which shall still be held
The craven wills which form controls.
The corn is killed in grinding: so
The Truth, to those who know it only by
Its forms, shall seem alarmingly to die,
.\nd order into chaos How.
Not £0 may we rest in the way ;
But dig and plant amain while we consume.
And reap rejoicing in that day of doom
Which shall to each his wages pay !
THY ■WILL BE DONE,
"Thy will he done," we say, and shrink
.\nd tremble as before some frie,
And shudder as upon the brink
We stood of some great woe.
" Thy will he done," we say, and bow
And cower as beneath a rod.
'Tis thus we say, "Thy will be done,"
VVhen we do speak to God.
" Your way, not mine," we say, and srnile
.Vml gladden, as to yield were sweet ;
And joyfully our wills we bow,
As yielding were most meet.
" Your way, not mine," we say, ami lia.ile
Our own most cherished plans to rnend.
'Ti^ thus we say, " \''our way, not mine,"
When we address a friend.
What is't to say, "Thy will be done'/"
'Tis not a curse t' invoke, nor harms;
'Tis " Father," as a child to sav,
" O ! hold me in Thine arms."
"Thy will be done," then let ns pray;
And say, all self-distriistingly,
' 1 know not how to choose my way.
My Father, choose for me."
— Vhriftlan Advocate.
Nature's
The more clo.sely nature is studied, the more
distinct are the evidences of a thoughtful, care-
fully devised plan being behind and underneath
all its phenomena. Thus, the casual observer
deems the events of natural history fortuitous
and independent, but the student soon discerns
proofs of a careful balance existing between
plants and animals, while apparently living
without reference tf) each other. This balance
of nature may be disturbed by the energetic in-
terference of man, and almost always such suc-
cessful interference is di.«astrous, and the same
result follows such interference by any agency.
Thus, an English observer, Ormonii,
found that a large crop of watercress, cultivated
for the table, was much injured by caddis worms
eating a large part of it. She then found that
these worms were disproportionately increa.sed
in the stream where the observation was made
on ace )unt of the lessened number of trout, as
these fish live largely upon caddis worms. Pro-
ceeding further in her inquiry, she found that
tlie trout were diminished by the rapacity of
herons, which were preserved in the neighbor-
hood in large numbers. Though this special
observation is new, it is only one more illustra-
tion of the general law above cited, which
makes the balance of nature dependent upon tiie
proportionate existence of entirely independent
agents. The atheistical scientist will talk of
the laws of nature, and the Christian will ac-
knowledge the inevitable power of those laws,
but he will go further and see in them only the
expressions of that infinite wisdom of God which
created all things, and devised the vastly com-
plex universe. To deny them as evidences of
personal design, and to attribute them to an
abstract law, or the fortuitous arrangement of
material atoms, seem as childish as would be
the attempt to account for human footstej)s on
the seashore by some law which caused the par-
ticles of sand to arrange themselves in such an
order as to present that particular form. Rob-
inson Crusoe knew better than this, and when
he found the print of a foot on the damp sand,
forthwith prepared himself for a visit from
the man whose presence it proved. — Episcopal
Recorder.
102
THE FRIEND.
Tenth Mo, 17, 1896.
For "The Friend."
Haddonfield Quarterly Meeting.
The Meeting for Ministers and Elders was
held on the sixteenth of Ninth Month.
For about three miles of the way from Moores-
towu the road passes through a section of low-
lying land, which has evident!}' been washed
out by the floods which in former ages have so
greatly modified the surface of the land in
southern New Jersey. The ridge on its northern
border, on which Moorestown is built, and Mt.
Laurel, which bounds it on the south, are sup-
posed to be hills of denudation, that is, eleva-
tions left, by the washing away of the country
between them. The rain of the preceding day
had freshened vegetation.
A cluster of Morning Glory vines on the road-
side, were overrunning the bushes, and were so
thickly covered with large purple flowers as to
present a very beautiful appearance. On our
return in the afternoon these flowers had shriv-
elled, their short-lived glory having faded away.
We admired also a group of Purple Gerardias,
which had established themselves on the bank
of a ditch, and which seemed as bright in the
afternoon as in the morning. But the prevail-
ing color of the bloom along this part of the
road was yellow. In the adjacent fields were
large patches of what I supposed to be the bril-
liant Tickseed Sunflower (Coreopsis trichosper-
»ia), different species of Golden Rod {Solidafjo),
and the large-flowered Sensitive Plant (Ca.ssia
Chcwmcrista), adorned the roadside.
The Meeting gathered at Medford under a
feeling of depression. This is a not unusual ac-
companiment of those who are zealously con-
cerned for the prosperity of the Lord's cause, and
who keenly feel any evidence of weakness on the
part of those who have been looked up to as ad-
vocates for the Truth. But as the meeting pro-
gressed their faith was in measure revived by
the assurance that the Lord still reigus, and
that He is as able now as in former times to
raise up and qualify those who shall be as
standard bearers in his array. The practical
lesson was brought home to those assembled,
that the failings of others ought to have the
effect upon each one to lead them to a close
watch over the outgoings of their minds. Our
Saviour declared that those things which defile
a man come out of his heart; and if we allow
our thoughts to dwell upon f )rbidden pleasures,
our strength will be weakened, and in the hour
of trial, when fierce temptation " armed with
darts tempered in hell," assaults the yielding
heart, we will be in great danger of yielding
thereto.
It was a satisfactory meeting, in which the
hearts of some were comforted.
The Quarterly Meeting for business on the
following day was well attended, and was fa-
vored with the company of several Friends
from other Quarterly Meetings.
There were several communications. Among
others a Friend from a distance attempted to
quote from the Epistles to the Hebrews, but his
memory failing him, he asked permission to
read the passage. As this would be an unde-
sirable novelty in our meetings. and might prove
an introduction to changes in our manner of
worship, one of the Elders suggested, that if the
passage did not come up freshly to his remem-
brance, it would be better not to proceed with
his discourse. To this advice he very quietly
and properly submitted, and took his seat.
There were short communications from several
youuger Friends, which gave ground to believe
that the Head of the Church was still disposed
to bestow gifts upon his people, and to raise up
those who should be instruments to proclaim his
message to others. One Friend spoke of the
comfort it was to those who travailed for the
welfare of the Church to meet with young
Friends, who showed by their dress and man-
ners that they were yielding to the visitations
of Divine Grace. Another spoke of the mourn-
ing and distress it occasioned to see evidences
of conformity to the world, and refusal to bear
the cross which Christ lays upon his people,
and without submission to which we cannot be
his true disciples.
On the whole it was a comfortable and we
hope a profitable meeting. J. W.
Lights and Shadows of Port Royal.
(Continued from page 91.)
A Study of these two characters only, Blaise
and Jacqueline Pascal, would give a considera-
ble insight into the life of Port Royal. One may
admire the penetrating genius of the brother,
but there is less to be fond of in him than in
his sister. With her there is a better balance
of judgment in some lines, and more natural-
ness of character and feeling, though even in
her the latter quality lacked freedom and com-
pleteness. The Letter on the Formulary, al-
ready mentioned, was addressed to Angelique
de St. Jean, niece of the first Abbess Angelique,
and one of the brightest lights of Port Royal.
A few extracts (though not given in consecutive
order), from Jacqueline's " Letter," will convey
some sense of her religious discernment and her
intellectual power.
" Truth," said she, "is the only real Libera-
tor, and she makes none free but those who
strike off their own fetters — who bear witness to
her with a fidelity that entitles them to be ac-
knowledged as the true children of God the
True." . . . " I know it is not woman's busi-
ness to defend the truth, but perhaps when
bishops have the cowardice of women, women
ought to have the boldness of bishops. And if
we are not to be defenders of the truth, we can
at lea.st die for it, and suffer anything rather
than abandon it." "The feebleness of our in-
fluence does not lessen our guilt, if we use that
influence against the truth." "Let us either
give up the Gospel, or let us carry out its prin-
ciples; and esteem ourselves happy in suffering
for the Truth's sake. But we may perhaps be
cast out from the Church ! True; and yet who
does not know that no one can be really de-
tached from the church except by his own will?
The Spirit of Jesus Christ is the tie that binds
his members to himself and to one another, and
though the outward signs of that union may
be taken from us, its effect cannot be taken so
long as we retain the spirit of love, without
which no one is a living member of that holy
body." " You are doubtless aware that the con-
demnation of a holy bishop is by no means the
only question in debate. His condemnation in-
cludes that of the doctrine of our Saviour's
grace. If, therefore, our age be so degenerate
that none are found willing to die in defence of
a righteous man, is it not far more dreadful to
think that no one is disposed to sufl'er for the
sake of righteousness itself?"
Yet Jacqueline says that she was used to be-
ing treated as a child ; and her regard for
her spiritual directors and superiors at length
brought her to the point of yielding to their
advice in the signing of the Formulary — a
modified one, I judge. She signed with excep-
tions and protests, however, but the effect upon
her mind was such that she sank under the
weight of her grief, and died about three months
afterward.
Concerning Pascal and his sister, a writer
pertinently observes: "The austerities with
which brother and sister, in common with other
Janseuists, overlaid the foundations of their
faith, may well be characterized as superfluous
and often absurd ; but however disproportioned
might be the edifice, beneath it lay the sure
corner-stone, whereon whosoever buildeth, be
he Lutheran or Calvanist, Protestant or Ro-
manist, Jansenist or even monk, shall never be
ashamed."
Shortly before the death of Jacqueline Pascal
the honorable Mother Angelique passed away
Not long before this time, she had judged il
best to join the sisterhood in Paris. The out-
ward tabernacle was now going into decay, bul
the spirit was as courageous as ever, and hei
clear intellect apparently undimmed. A re-
markable letter written at this time by her dic-
tation to Anne of Austria, is preserved in hei
memoirs. After representing her condition in
something of an apology, she proceeds in the
following sentences — though possibly not a lit-
eral translation: "For, Madame, being pene-
trated as I am with the fear of that just Judge
who will discern the most hidden folds of out
hearts, and will set our secret faults in the lighi
of his countenance, the rigors of his judgments
whereof I never lose sight, might easily induct
me to disquiet myself the less about the judg
ments of men. But I should fear, Madame, t(
offend Him whose justice I dread, if, while youi
majesty holds in some sort his place here below
I should neglect to justify myself before you
and it I failed to give my sisters, whom I set
borne down by affliction and grief, the testimonj
which I owe to God and to the sincerity of theii
consciences, the testimony which I believe 1
should give at the peril of my life to any house
the most alien in the world from me, if I saw i
afflicted like this, and was persuaded of its in
nocence."
During Angelique's last sickness, she passe(
through an experience which Friends migh
call a feeling of " spiritual desertion." But be
fore the end, the clouds rolled away, and "a
evening time" it was light. She was deprive(
of the outward ministrations which Romai
Catholics are taught so much to regard, but shi
said she had never put any man in the place o
God ; and nearly her last words were a testi
mouy to the sufficiency of Divine grace in thi
hour of extremity: "Jesus Christ! Thou ar
my righteousness, thou art my strength, thoi
art my all ! " The following sentences are fron
Frances Martin's estimate of this admirabl
woman: "She differs from us in creed, ritua
and observance ; but there is no diversity il
the object of her worship and of ours, nor in th '
faith and love which leave us to cast ourselves,
as she did, at the feet of Him who is the sourc
of all virtue. We shall gain something, nay
we shall gain much, if we learn to look upoi
her with sympathy and love ; if we acknowledg
that she was faithful, earnest and devout, am,
strive in the fuller light of a purer faith t
emulate the virtues which make Angelique Ai
nauld so noble and so great."
I have said that not all the people of Poi
Royal pretended to a knowledge of the Augui
tinus, and the character of some of them wa
very plainly shown before the Jansenist eontrc
versy arose. The point to be noted here is this.
It was not theology, it was not Jansenism as I
creed ouly, that made Port Royal ; it was {
lively, practical /ai(A, operating directly betwee
fenth Mo. 17, 1890.
THE FRIEND.
]<i3
le siiul and its Maker. None of this Christian
)ni]niMy had any idea of separating themselves
(jm the communion of tlie Church of Kume.
ici|ueline Pascal signified that they were not
rniing " a schismatic church," and they all
.^Id themselves to be good Catholics — true sous
id daughters of the Roman church.
, When severe measures for the suppression of
*ese .Jansenist leaders were determined upon,
ad efforts were made for their arrest, the men
; Port Royal managed mostly to elude their
yrsuers, though Fontaine and De Saci were
bprisoned in the bastile. But in 1664, the
psuits and the Archbishop of Paris, finding the
iibjugation and humiliation of the nuns not
'implete, carried their oppressive measures still
irther. There were at that time about seventy
■omen of the sisterhood, some of whom were
jnt away and imprisoned, and the others kept
nder close watch. Angelique de St. Jean gives
lively description of this separation and of her
-vn sufferings in it; of their subsequent return
} Port Royal, and of their mutual rejoicing at
jjding each other faithful. It was during this
at of' persecution that some of those fine letters
['consolation and encouragement were written.
I It might be encroaching too much upon the
iace of this paper, to insert many passages from
fem ; but they are worth perusal, and afford an
icellent evidence of the intellect and the piety
' some of the Port Royal company. There was
iie Countess of Bregy, whose sublime and po-
jc style was so rich with the imagery of Scrip-
ire; there was Farther St. Marthe, who wrote
t the sisters, assuring them that if they looked
)t back to the flesh-pots of Egypt, they should
labundantly grow in grace and benediction ;"
|)unseliing them not to be cast down if their
uls " should at times seem as a parched land,"
id reminding them that " spiritually as well as
;.mporally, the Son of man grows as a root out
dry ground." And there was Hamon the
ihysician, outraging the laws of the body, but
avotc'd to the health of the soul. It was he
ho wrote to the nuns in woids like these:
|We have so often consulted with the ministers
lUark this I) without being helped in the way,
t us now have recourse to Jesus Christ himself
<et us confess our sins unto Him, and He will
le&r our confessions."
(To be concluded.)
Impoverished By W.vr. — Spain's finances
€re bad enough before the latest revolt in
uba, but the cost of the campaign on that
land has brought them to a desperate pass,
verything in sight has been mortgaged, the
Ation is staggering under a debt of sixty-eight
:>llars per capita — our own being about fifteen
jllars — and the strain is constautlj' increasing.
■ we are to credit the statement that the salaries
' all Spain's diplomatic representatives in the
nited States are to be reduced one-third it is
■ident that the government is now resorting
I practical and heroic measures.
Italy's campaign in Abyssinia has in like
anner added to her already ruinous debt, until
ignor Colombo is now forced to increase the
iiport duties upon barley and the white corn
lat constitute the principal food of a considera-
te part of the population. Italy's debt is nearly
iree times as large as our own, and amounts
1 forty-three dollars per capita. The provin-
al and municipal debts are even more crush-
ig. The reduction of her foreign trade through
le customs war with France, the reaction from
le wild real estate speculation of eight or ten
2ars ago, overborrowing on every hand and
banking mismanagement and corruption began
the destructive work which the cost of the Abys-
sinian campaign has completed. Wars are very
e.\pen.sive indulgences nowadays.— AVw York
Herald.
What Infidelity Has Never Done.
It never raised a man or woman from sin
It never took a drunkard from the gutter, a
gambler from his cards, or the fallen from a
life of shame. It never found a man coarse
and brutal in life and character and made of
him a kind husband and father.
It never went into heathen lands among the
morally depraved, and lifted them out of their
degradation. It has never written down nativ
languages, translated literature, or prepared
text-books, or planted schools. It has never
founded hospitals for the sick or homes for the
helpless.
What discoveries has it made ? What im
provements has it introduced? Has it adde
anything to human haf>piness? Does it bring
any ray of comfort to the chamber of death
The religion of Jesus has done this and more
too. "The tree is known by its fruit."
The well-known evangelist, Richard Weaver,
tells the following story of his early days:
" When I was a working collier, I remember
working alongside a great, boastful skeptic, who
was engaged removing the supports from cer-
tain parts of the workings. It sometimes hap-
pens as on this occasion, that a stone gets loose,
and conies crashing down upon the miner. This
particular stone was only a small one, but quite
large enough to frighten my brave skeptic. I
was not a Christian myself then, yet I always
abhorred his braggart skepticism. When I
went up to him he was lying under the stone
and moaning, ' Lord help me.' Putting my
hand upon the stone I pressed it down so as to
make it appear heavier. ' What are you going
to do?' I asked ; but his only answer was, ' The
Lord help me.' As I pressed heavier and heav-
ier, his fear increased, and he redoubled his cries
to the Lord whom he had affected to despise.
At length I took off my hand, and showed him
the size of the stone, saying, 'See there! What
is the worth of all your iiifidelity, when a stone
that size can drive it all out of you in half a
minute?' Atheism cannot stand the approach
of death." — The Christian.
fluence poured out through all the long years
into other lives, making them better, happier,
Not long since, in a great city, an aged Chris-
tian woman closed her life on earth. She had
lived always in very plaiu circumstances. She
had enjoyed only the most ordinary privileges
of education. She had no peculiar gift for any
fcirm of Christian activity. She had never taught
a Sunday-school class, nor led a women's prayer-
meeting, nor taken part in a missionary society,
nor been connected with a temperance union,
or an_v other sort of organized association. She
had never been recognized as an active worker
in any capacity. But f >r sixty of her eighty
years she had been a true, earnest, and sincere
Christian. She had been a faithful wife and a
Icjving, selfdenying mother. She had hrousht
up her family in the fear of the Lord. She
had lived a quiet, patient, gentle, godly life.
About her coffin there sat a large circle of de-
scendants, her own children and grandchildren.
Her life story was a record, not of any great
deeds, nor of any fine things done, but of eighty
years of plain, simple, lowly. Christlike goodness.
Yet it never can be known until the judgment
day what blessings that humble life left at its i
close in the world. Its silent, unconscious in- ]
sweeter. — S. S. Timei.
loli
"I'd Keep Quiet." — The gift of speech is a
great gift; but the gift of silence is also very
valuable. There is a time to speak and there
is a time to be silent ; and one time to be silent
is when you have nothing to say.
Of course, a man with a well-filled mind and
a well-trained tongue can speak on almost any
occasion ; and if he will speak short and to the
point he will generally have a hearing; but
when people neglect to store their minds, and
do not read, study, learn, and think, they some-
times get into very awkward positions, especially
if their talk is stretched out to au unreasonable
length.
There is a story of one man who was making
a somewhat lengthy address to some children,
forgetting how weary little folks become, until
at length, having pretty much run out of ideas
he said,
"What more shall I say?" when one little
urchin spoke up and said,
" Say amen, and sit down ! " a suggestion
which the speaker was quite prompt to follow.
— 27(6 Christian.
Selected for "The Fbiend."
It is, no doubt, under troubles of various
kinds that the mind is disciplined in the school
of Christ and taught to bear his cross without
repining. "In the day of prosperity rejoice,
but in the day of adversity consider," Solomon
says, and he had large exprience, both in his
hits and misses. I think I never felt more than
of latter time the sweetness of the humility of
Christ, and there is nothing I more crave for
myself and my beloved offspring than that these
may enter deeply into it, and there abirle. There
is nothing more commends us to Divine protec-
tion and keeps us aloof from the snares of a
watchful and vigilant foe than humility, a
grace that lays at the foundation of our spirit-
ual buildings — out of sight, indeed, but very
precious. — James Emkn.
THE FRIEND.
TENTH MONTH 17, 1S96.
It has often happened that persons who have
received their early education as members of
the Society of Friends have afterwards deserted
its ranks and joined themselves to some other
religious organization. One class of these con-
sist of persons whose religious principles were
more dependent upon the instruction received
from others than upon the experience of the
work of Divine Gnice in their own hearts, and
the clearness of understanding resulting there-
from— in short, who were traditional and not ex-
perimental Friends. Such not having a solid
foundation for their profession, are often readily
turned aside into other paths. There is often
an uneasy feeling with such pei'sons, begotten
by the Spirit of God, which causes them to feel
that they are not living in full obedience to the
Saviour's commands, which teach selfdenial
the bearing of his cross ; yet self struggles
against a full submission in all things to the
Divine will. In this unsettled condition their
safety and true interest consist in surrendering
themselves unreservedly to the Lord, and fol-
lowing his leadings through the purifying ope-
rations by which He carries on the work of re-
geueratiou in his disciples, but it is often the
104
THE FRIEND.
Tenth Mo. 17, 1896.
case that the poor, bewildered sinner, too sensible
of the infinite value of his immortal part, to be
easy with a state of alienation from God; and
yet not sufficiently humbled to sacrifice all for
Christ, is led to adopt some half-waj' measure, or
compromise ; and to take up with some profes-
sion of religion less exacting than the spiritual
doctrines of Quakerism; and in which outward
performances have greater place and more de-
pendence is placed on rites and ceremonies.
For it remains to be a truth, as stated many
years ago by an experienced elder in the church,
that the cross, the operation of that power by
which the creature is humbled in the dust re-
mains to be the great object of hatred, at which
the Enemy of all good is ever aiming his darts.
In addition to the notice of Ohio Yearly
Meeting, published in The Feiend of last
week, we have received another, containing
rather more of comment on its proceedings,
which we insert in the present number, believ-
ing it will interest some of our readers.
s ummary'of events.
United States.— The Treasury goUi reserve at the
close of business on the 12lli in^taiU was 6123,996,116.
Official returns froiii a majorily (^f the Georgia coun-
ties show that the Democratic majority for tlie Slate
ticket will run slightly over 50,0u0. (jlovemor At-
kinson's majority falls below this by several thousand,
which his opponent, being a Prohibitionist, secured
from men of that party.
A report from FlagslafF, Arizona, states that obser-
vations of the planets Mercnry and Venus, lead to the
conclusion that these bodies make but one revolution
on their axes during the journey round the sun, so that
each day is a year long.
An old ruin has been uncovered on the Moqui res-
ervation, in Arizona, an 1 nearly two hundred pieces
of perfect pottery found.
There are now more than 200 Germans who have
settled in Missler, Ga., and who are making a great
success of the cultivation of small farms.
The gold fields in Paulding County, Ga., are being
developed, and have proved ((uite productive.
One of the greatest lead prospects ever discovered
in the mineral district was struck at a depth of ten
feel in Dueneweg, Mo., the other day. Solid chunks
of lead weighing 75 to 100 pounds each, are being
taken out.
The marble production in Vermont is decreasing,
while the granite industry shows a decided increase.
According to reports, the coming sugar crop of
Louisiana will be one of the largest ever produced in
that State. There is every prospect that the tonnage
of cane delivered at the factories will be very heavy,
and the yield should bring smisfactory prices, in view
of the reporied damage to the beet crop and the bad
outlook for the Cuban crop.
The apple crop in South Haven, Mich., is the largest
for twenty years. Many of the trees, overloaded with
the fruit, are broken down. The winds have blown
down thousands of bushels.
A farmer near Sacramento says his crop of aspara-
gus this season will bring him §12,000, of which
lo.OOO will be profit. He has twelve acres of it.
The increase of game in the Maine woods during
the re-tricted period has been remarkable. The Bos-
ton Herald estimates that at the present time there
are 14o,000 deer, 12,500 moose, nearly 10,000 caribou
and 10,000 bears. In short, the State is a regular
menagerie.
On the 12th instant a West Indian hurricane raged
with great severity along the entire New Jersey, Long
Island and New England coasts. Train service to the
various points on the New Jersey shore was entirely
cut oft' and great damage was reported. On the Long
Island coast many buildings were washed away. The
wind rciihed a medium velocity of 80 miles an hour.
Deaths in this city last week numbered 357, which
is 48 less than the previous week and 3 less than the
corresponding week of 1895. Of the whole number
382 were males and 175 females: 39 died of consump-
tion; 27 of heart diseases; 21 of cancer; 21 of maras-
mu.s; 17 of apoplexy ; 15 of nephritis; 14 of diphtheria;
14 of pneumonia; 14 of infiammation of the brain ; 13
of liright's disease ; 11 of peritonitis ; 11 of inanition ;
10 of old age, and U from casualties.
U. S. 2's, 92i a 94 ; 4's, 1064 a 107} ;
116; 5's, llOJ a lllj; currency 6's,
Markets, &c.
new 4's, lloi
100 a 105.
Cotton. — Middling uplands were officially reported
at Si'jC. per pound.
Feed.— Winter bran in bulk, quoted ?'.).50 a $10.25,
and spring do., in sacks, at J8.75 a $9.75 per ton.
Floue.— Winter super, $2.30 a $2.60; do., extras,
$2.60 a $2.80 ; Pennsylvania roller, clear, $3.35 a $3.50 ;
do., do., straight, $3.50 a $3.75 ; Western winter, clear,
$3.35 a $3.50; do., do., straight, $3.50 a $3.75; do.,
do., patent, $3.85 a $4.15 ; spring, clear, $3.00 a $3.30 ;
do., straight, $3.50 a $3.75 ; do., patent, $3.85 a $4.15 ;
do., favorite brands, higher. City mills, extra, $2.50
a $2.80; do., clear, $3.30 a $3.60; do., straight, $3.70
a $3.90 ; do., patent, §4.00 a $4.25. Rye Flour.—
Firm, at $2.50 per barrel for choice Penna. Bdck-
WHEAT Flour. — $1.30 a $1.50 per 100 pounds for new,
as to quality.
Grain.— No. 2 red wheat, 72} a 72Jc.
No. 2 mixed corn, 29J a 29|c.
No. 2 white oats, 25i a 26c.
Beef Cattle. — Extra, 4| a 4|c.; good, 4| a 4Jc.;
medium, 4J a 4}c.; common, 3j a 4c.
Sheep and Lambs. — Extra, 3g a Sfc; good, 3 a 3}c.;
medium, 2i a 2|c.; common, 2 a 2^c.; culls, 1 a IJc;
lambs, 3 a 5Jc.
Hogs. — Western, 5J a 5|c.; others, 5} a 5|o.
Foreign. — "Ciermany," says the St. James Gazette,
" has had five sovereigns since Queen Victoria began
to reign. She herself will in future be recognized as
the ancestress of one of the most powerful rulers. Her
grandson wears the Iron Crown of Germany. Her
granddaughter is Empress of Russia. Another grand-
daughter is the Crown Princess of Roumania. Her
second son rules over the Principality of Saxe-Coburg.
The Hereditary Princes of Saxe-Meiningen is her
granddaughter. The heir to the throne of Greece is
her descendant ; the Grand Duke of Hesse is her
grandson. She has no fewer than 61 descendants who
one day between them promise to be at the head of
more than half of Europe."
The Archbishop of Canterbury, while attending ser-
vice in the church building at Hawarden, on the 10th
inst., was taken suddenly ill and died in a short time.
It is believed by his physicians that he had heart dis-
ease. He was 67 years of age.
In one recent consignment a feather dealer in Lon-
don received 6000 birds of Paradise, 360,000 birds of
various kinds from the East Indies and 400,000 hum-
ming birds. In three months another dealer imported
3o0,39S birds from the East ludies.
Lord Rosebery has decided to resign his leadership
of the Liberal Party, owing to the antagonism of his
opinions on the Eastern question with those of the
mass of the Liberal parly. His resignation will likely
make patent the widely divergent views of the Tory
and Liberal parties in regard to the Russian alliance.
On the 9th inst. Lord Rosebery made a speech in
Edinburgh, in which he said he was opposed to isola-
ted acii m by Great Britain on tl e Turkish question.
Such action would mean a European war, with the
slaughter of hundreds of thousands and threaten the
existence of Great Britain. The panacea, he said, was
concerted action by the Powers nearest interested.
This could not be long postponed.
A special cable despatch to the N. Y. Evening Sun
from London says: It is learned upon unquestiona-
ble authority that Russia has undertaken to interfere
actively in Turkish affairs unless the Porte carries
out fully the long delayed Armenian reforms. Eng-
land and France agree to give their moral support.
It is understood in Berlin, that the Kaiser will
shortly give an audience to General Grumbkoft', the
German officer in the Ottoman service, who is the
bearer of an autograph letter from the Sultan to the
Kaiser. General Grumbkoff is accompanied by the
Sultan's Ambassador, Ghalib Bey, who will also be
received by the Kaiser. The mission of General
Grumbkofi', according to the semi-official Berlin Post,
is one of great political importance. In the mean-
time an interview with General Grumbkoff appears
in a Berlin paper, in which the Turkish Commis-
sioner defends the action of the Sultan and the leading
officials, contending that no man occupying the Turk-
ish throne would fulfill the demands of the Powers
unconditionally. The Sultan of Turkey, he main-
tains, must always take into consideration the probable
effect of the fulfilment of such demands upon the Mo-
hammedan populace ; otherwise there would be great
danger of an outbreak of Moslem fanaticism, leading
to the total annihilation of the Christians within the
Empire.
A free school for leaching the Russian language
has been established at Seoul, the capital of Korea.
It has forty-six pupils, ranging in age from 20 to 40
years.
News was received at Panama, on the 7th instant,
from Guayaquil, Ecuador, that the town has been
almost wholly destroyed by fire. Fully 30.000 per-
sons, nearly one-half of the city's population, are
homeless. Great destitution prevails, many persons
being without food and without even necessary cloth-
ing. Miguel Valverde, Consul General of Ecuador,
received a cablegram on the 8th, which stated that
the fire has been finally subdued. The loss is esti-
mated at $25,000,000, while the total insurance is but
a little over $2,000,000. Consul Valverde's advices
state that the tire was probably of incendiary origin,
and that great indignation is felt because of the crime.
Prompt punishment will be meted out to the offenders
should they be caught.
The apple crop in the Provinces of Ontario, Que-
bec and Nova Scotia promises to be unusually large.
It is estimated that the aggregate yield of Canada
will amount to 3,000,000 barrels.
RECEIPTS.
Unless otherwise specitled, two dollars have been re-
ceived from each person, paying for vol. 70.
Hannah W. Hedley, Phila.; Jonathan Briggs for
George Briggs, la.; Anne S. Lippincott, Gtn.; C. A.
Panzerhieter, Phila., $1, to No. 27, vol. 70; Joseph T.
Whitson. Del.
S&° Remittances received after Third-d ly evening wilt
not appear in the Receipts until the following week.
NOTICES.
Westtown Boarding School. — The General
Committee will meet on Sixth-day, the 23rd inst., at
11 A. M. The Committee on Instruction meet the same
day, at 9 a. m. Wm. Evans, Clerk.
Position wanted as companion to invalid or eU|
derly woman by a young woman Friend.
Address " E," office of The Frienix
Westtown Boarding School. — For convenied
of persons coming to Westtown School, the stage i
meet trains leaving Philadelphia 7.17 and 8.46 A.
and 2.53 and 4.32 p. M. Other trains are met whei '
requested. Stage fare on regular trips, fifteen cents'
on special trips, twenty-five cents each way. To read
the school by telegraph, wire West Chester Phone 85
Ben.t'n Passmoue, Sup't.
Died, Ninth Mimth 2nd, 1S96, at his residence it
Media, Delaware County, Pa, Joseph Rhoads, aget^
seventy-four years. He was a minister and membe
of Springfield Meeting, in that county, where he hac
resided from his birth on the land settled by his an
cestors in the year 1699, and occupied cjniiuuously b;
five generations of the family from that time until the
autumn of 1895. From his early boyhood he wa
known as a pure-minded, conscientious Christian
much attached to the principles and testimonies of th
Society of Friends, ai;d consistent in supporting them
Ho occupied the stations of overseer and elder i:
Chester Monthly Meeting for several years, and late
in life feeling called to the public ministry of th ;
Gospel, his gift was acknowledged by the Church i
the year 1891. He was diligent in religious servic
until disease confined him to his chamber a few week
before his decease. Great was his solicitude for th
spread of Christianity, and the suppression of vie
and intemperance in the community where he ri
sided, and in the city of Philadelphia. He spei;
much time in distributing religious tracts and look:
among men ; often visiting drinking saloems, exposti
laling with their proprietors, and those present i
them respecting their evil liatdts; and at times sto]
ping and gently reproving profane persons whom h
might hear misuse the sacred Name as he passed Ihei
on the street. He was a loving Friend to the yont
of our Society, deeply interested in their spiritual we
fare, and frequently called at their homes to encourag
them to enlist under the banner of Christ, take u
their cross to worldly pleasures, and follow the Heai
enly Shepherd. With a humble estimate of his ow
attainments, he ever sought to honor the Lord Jest
Christ as his Redeemer and hope of salvation ; tl;
only Head of the Church and guide of his follower
When near the close of his life he said to his brotbe
who sat by his bedside, that he wanted all hisbrothe
and sisters to commend each other to the mercy au
care of our precious Saviour, adding, " I am very ui
worthy, very unworthy!" Of him it may be truti
fully said, " behold an Israelite indeed in whom is i
guile."
THE FRIEND
A Religions and Literary Journal.
VOL. LXX.
SEVENTH-DAY, TENTH MONTH 24,
No. 14.
PUBLISHED WEEKLY.
Price, if paid in advance, $2.00 per annum.
Edwin P. Sellew, Publisher,
Xo. 207 Walnut Place,
iS )Uth from Walnut Street, between Third and Fourth,)
PHILADELPHIA.
Arliclea designed far insertion to be addressed to
JOSEPH WALTON,
MooRESTOWN, Bttrlinoton Ck)., N. J.
Entered as second-class matter at Philadelphia P, O.
liary and Letters of Deborah Brooks Webb.
(Continued from page 98.j
TO L. H. a.
"Philadelphia, Fourth Month 7th, 1861.
"When a little lamb of the fold is in any
danger and bleateth, the Good Shepherd bas-
ins to relieve it from its difficulties. So I be-
'eve He prompts me to give an early answer to
ay touching letter. I tried immediately to
le'ar thee on my heart before his throne, but
jo words would come to my relief.
; " While reading thy letter, the words 'Water
f regeneration' came so forcibly again and
Jain to my mind, and yesterday morning on
waking, such a precious sense of his love at-
suded, and a nearness of feeling with thee, that
could again commend thee to Him, not in
lany words but in tears. May He lead us all
iree, teach us and fit us for his kingdom. My
lind is at rest altogether on those points (some
f the doctrines of Friends), but whenever any
oubts ari^e and I try to spread them before
lira and wait for his revelation, they are sure
) be cleared.
This is good, dear Laura to wait, deeply wait,
efore Him for instruction. Surely there is a re-
elation in these days, or how could the thoughts
f ray heart have been spoken to, time after
fine, by his faithful ministers? It seems to me
■jy precious friend, if we try to live all the time
1 his holy fear, letting our thoughts, words
nd actions be holy, this is confessing Him or
is government before men. None could have
<een more determined to leave the Society than
lyself at one time, though it was more from
3bellion than conviction.
' " E. Pitlfield commenced her communication
lis afternoon with the words, 'And the Lord
irect your hearts into the love of God and into
le patient waiting for Christ.' Two or three
mes she said she felt comforted and thankful
1 being one of this people, dependent upon the
)ivine Teacher. Ah ! I can respond. I would
ot like to be anywhere else ; God Almighty,
ly Father, and the dear Saviour, my baptizer
ito the new life, my Reprover for my slips, my
lediator upon repentance, the alone Teacher
1 everything and ray All in Ail! ... It
i indeed good to trust in Him for everything.
'hat passage, 'Bread shall be given him, his
waters shall be sure, hath often comforted me
heretofore, and now it comforts me in a spiritual
sense, for I long for more sensible heavenly
bread, more of a knowing Him as his faithful
children know Him. 'Ask and ye shall re-
ceive,' is another precious legacy. . . . Fare-
well from thy loving friend, but one who often
feels herself the very least of all the flock.
" D. B."
1861.— Fourth Month.— Thou God, seest me
all the time, may I be more watchful and cir-
cumspect.
Fourth :\ronth 19th.— This is my thirty-first
birth-day. Oli, how merciful the L')rd has been
to me; He has led me about, instructed and
kept me, and I have been so unworthy of it all.
I do this morning earnestly dedicate myself, my
all, entirely to thee. Oh ! Lord, accept me in
thy mercy unworthy as I am. Be pleased to
help me to love thee with all my heart, and
with all my soul, and with all my streni;th, and
with all my mind, help me to keep very hum-
ble all the time, make me what thou wouldst
have me to be; oh! be with me in this way
that I go. Be pleased to make me very hum-
ble and meek and lowly in heart, and wilt thou
dearest Father, for Christ's sake, fit me and pre-
pare me for heaven. Teach me how to wait on
thee, and grant unto me some living bread and
living water.
Again she writes:
TO L. H. B.
"Fourth Month 2Sth, 1861.
" Dearest L. — I look upon no one sect as the
'Church.' Every true struggling Christian be-
longs to this church militant, and as they follow
Him in his baptisms and crosses, or washings of
regeneration, will, in the end, join his Church
triumphant in heaven. All that fear God and
work righteousness are accepted. Thou hast
already joined this Church, if thou hast fought
the battle with thy own sins and corruptions as
manifested, one by one, by this Light of his
Spirit, and straining in earnest to walk without
sin.
" I am more and more convinced of the truth
of this passage, ' Without holiness no man shall
see the Lord.' He will indeed manifest himself
to his watching, waiting, praying and obedient
children. How sweet the promise is of John
xiv: 21 and 23, and Rev. 3d chap., 20th verse;
Thou sayest, my dear, thou loves the quiet of
our meetings for meditation, it may be right
for thee ; but lately it seems as though I dare
not meditate in them, dare not think ! but if I
get the Heavenly Bread himself, must wait,
wait in awful solemn silence for the arisings of
his presence. Oh ! how I have struggled for
this, and now do struggle to get that state when
I can worship the Almighty God in awful, sol-
emn reverence and stillness, in spirit and in
Truth.* How could I be disturbed with sing-
ing, praying, or speaking from another's mind
unless immediately from my Father.
"Take not thy flight in the winter season.
How thou wast on my heart during Yearly
Meeting week, and how I did wish thou was
present the last day. Elizabeth Evans sjKike
so sweetly to the young Friends, of Elijah wait-
ing at the mouth of the cave.
"C. Wistar told me thou was sick one day,
and I was fearful thou was worrying thyself too
much ; please do not do so, it is a gradual work.
I useil to make myself sick sometimes, but at
one Quarterly Meeting long since, E. E. opened
that passage so beautifully, ' The King's daugh-
ter is all glorious within ; her clothing is of
wrought gold. She shall be brought unto the
King in raiment of needle-work.' She remarked
that the needle-work was done stitch by stitch,
that it was a gradual work, performed by being
attentive to one little intimation after another,
till we are clothed with the white robe of his
righteousness, nothing of our own, all of his
mercy in showing us. Blessing, glory and honor
be ascribed by us both to his Holy Name here
and hereafter, saith my soul most humbly. . . .
I commend thee to his blessing and mercy and
light, and remain thy deeply interested and
loving friend,
"Deborah Bp.ooks."
Fifth Month. — After passing through the
blackness of darkness the few days past, on ac-
count of many wilful transgressions, and beg-
ging earnestly to be forgiven, I do this morn-
ing feel such an assurance that I am now in-
deed born again. Whosoever is born of God
doth not coiumit sin. I never felt such sweet-
ness and heavenly love before, such newness of
life. Oh ! I can 'indeed bless thy Holy Name,
oh. Lord, for I am thine now, do with me what
thou wilt ; grant me preparation and innocency
oh. Lord, if sin, temptation and the devil should
ever come again.
' Seventh-day morning. — Teach me, oh Lord,
how to dwell with thee, through life ! Oh,
give me life, heavenly life in myself. Oh, unite
my soul to thee, so that I cannot sin; unworthy
though I am, give me of thy Holy Spirit to
strengthen me. Show me, oh Lord, how to keep
with thee u-hile allendiiig to outward affairs.
12th. — The following words of Isaac Fening-
ton speak the language of my heart so thor-
oughly. " Oh ! how the soul that is sensible of
its°filth longeth to be washed ! How it panteth
after the pastures of life, the food of life, the
living waters; to appear before and enjoy God
in the land of the living. Oh ! how doth the
heart that is daily afflicted with its unbelief and
disobedience, long for the faith that stands in
the power, and the obedience that flows from
the power. Oh ! teach me thy statutes ; show
me the pure path of obedience in the way of
life, guide my feet in the way everlasting. Oh !
*How important the distinction here made by D.
B. between a state of humble, awfol stillness and wait-
ing before the Great Creator of heaven and earth and
that of what is understood by the word " rneditation."
The one soaie effort of the mind, the other perfect
stillness. William Penn said " Love silence, even of
mind," and how refreshing and strengthening to the
wearv soul some such seasons are.
106
THE FRIEND.
Tenth Mo. 24, 1896.
write thy fear in my heart, that I may not de-
part from thee ; create a clean heart in me and
put thy Spirit within me, to be my strength.
Oil ! continue thy loving kindness to them that
know thee, and thy righteousness to the ujiright
in heart. Oh! what unutterable breathings
daily issue out of the broken spirit towards the
spring of its life."
TO L. H. B.
" Philadei-phia, Sixth Month 2nd, 1861.
" Dear Laura, thy poor friend is in the deeps
herself. I could tell thee ranch here, but I am
often reminded of an old saying, viz: 'Religious
experience frequently related is like a smelling
bottle, which frequently exposed, loses its scent
and savor, and is lost.' Only I would ask
one favor, let us pray for each other that we
may have faithful, obedient hearts. I have just
been reading over thy sweet letter again, and
can rejoice that thou art so enabled to lay hold
of his precious promises to us, poor and un-
worthy as we are. May He, in his own time,
give thee relief. Thine in love,
"D. B."
TO L. H. B.
"Philadelphia, Seventh Month 8th, 1861.
"The closing sentence of thy letter biought
much comfort to my heart. The 'Rest of the
people of God ;' how sweet it is, and how my
soul longs for more deep draughts of it, which I
know is in store for the truly obtdiciit children.
"D. B."
TO L. H. B.
"Philadelphia, Ninth M<inth 9th, 1861.
" Two Friends came on Sixth-day and asked
me to open Northern District Primary School
temporarily, as Jane Boustead had resigned,
and mentioned their opinion, I could have it
permanent)}' if I wished. It felt pleasant to
me then and has since, generally. Two or three
times it has seemed sad and a disappointment,
but I now enjoy being with the little ones so
much that it would be a cross to go back. Oh !
saith my soul for a faithful heart to follow a
crucified Lord, every moment of ray life.
" It has often seemed to me that if we read
much and ponder the writings of other societies
it is apt to bring confusion, and perhaps lead
to a desire to be like them. Thou will say I
am prejudiced, but really it seems safer for me
to keep to Friends' writings generally, and not
reason too much. The next Third-day after
thou was here, Wm. Evans was at our meeting;
in his communication said, 'That our Society
made a higher profession than any other, viz
That of being led by the immediate influence
of the Holy Spirit,' (though we have sadly to
acknowledge not always possession). ' Be thou
in the fear of the Lord all the day,' is the com-
mand. ... "D. B."
TO L. H. B.
"Philadelphia, Twelfth Month 19lh, 1861.
" Of late I have thought much of the passage,
'Thou shalt love the Lord thy God, with all
thy heart and with all thy soul, with all thy
strength and with all thy mind.' I do pray
for a clothing of his love over me, over my
mind, and that his holy fear may be writtea
upon my heart.
"I think it is the will of our Heavenly Fa-
ther that we should take care of our bodily
health. The heart, the heart is what He searches.
. . . Thou meutioned dear I']lizabeth Evans,
how sad the feeling is, when we reflect we can
see and hear her no more. Shall we not pray
for ability to follow her as s|ie foljowed Christ.
If I could only attain to half her excellence
and favor with the Almiiihty One.
" D. B."
(To be continued.)
The Hindu Magistrate's Death.
At the Wednesday evening biblical lectures
for non Christians at our Free Reading Room
at Madanapalle, in 1871, there was one counte-
nance that we always expected to see.
The grama reddi, or village magistrate, Mu-
salappa by name, always came early and took
his seat by the second window on the right from
the speaker's desk. He listened with apparent
pleasure, and the fixedness of his attention
always attracted the notice of the speaker, and
his reverent mien during the concluding prayer
made one feel that he was silently joining in its
petitions.
He was a cousin of the high caste Hindu
farmer whose hand and arm had been so fear-
fully crushed under the wheel of the idol ear,
shortly after we located at Mandanapalle, as
they were drawing it, in its annual outing, late
at night. He was one of those who ran to ray
house, and waked me and begged me to come
and see if I could save the man's life, for he
was dying with nervous shock and loss of blood.
The man's life was saved. The ten fractures in
his fingers, hand and forearm were set and united
so that he again had the use of his right hand,
and neither he nor his brothers or cousins ever
joined again in those car-drawing festivities.
When the reading room was opened in 1870,
and the weekly biblical lectures for non-Chris-
tians were begun, he seemed to be glad to have
a chance to listen to Christian teaching without
mingling in a Christian congregation and draw-
ing on himself the adverse remarks of his co-
religionists.
He was a very quiet, sedate, reticent man,
whose character was respected by all. His at-
tentive, earnest countenance, both in our church
on his occasional attendance there, and weekly
at the reading room, made me feel that the
truth was gaining an entrance to his mind and
heart. He seemed to avoid giving me an}'
chance to speak to him personally ; and I was
content to let him continue to drink in the
truth weekly at our services, fearing that he
would be driven away if I personally pressed
the truth home.
A year had passed from the opening of the
reading room. In August of the fillowing
year, 1871, there was an epidemic of cholera
and of smallpox at the same time, and a num-
ber of cases of typhoid fever in the town. My
assistant in the hospital was absent on a vaca-
tion, and I was driven with work beyond meas-
ure.
One morning as I was sitting at the dispens-
ing table in the hospital, Musalappa came in
and sank upon a seat, exhausted. I saw that
he was very ill and went to him at once. He
said that he had been very sick for a week or
more ; that he had asked his brothers — for they
and their families all lived together iu one house
as one family — to ask me to come and treat him
or to bring him to the hospital in a coach or
palanquin, but they had absolutely refused and
called in native doctors ; that he was sure he
was fast getting much worse, and that that
morning when they were all out of the house
he had got up and, unnoticed, stolen away on
foot to the hospital for me to prescribe for him.
I did all that could be done, giving him medi-
cines for the day and night, and sent him home
ip a conveyance, promising to come the next
morning to his house and see him. I was quite
at a loss to account for his family so olyecting
to his coming to me for treatment, as many (jf
them hod been to me for treatment at difiereut
times.
The next morning, and daily, I went to see
him, though I was so driven with work that I
could go but once each day, and then make
but a very brief visit. A crowd gathered around
the moment I went into his room every time I
called, and seemed to seek to prevent my talk-
ing with him any more than to prescribe. I
could not but notice that there was an unusual
commotion about the house, which I could not
explain. It was typhoid fever, and he died, in'
spite of all that could, at that late stage, be:
done for him. \
One of his cousins, some months afterward;
came to me and told me that during his sick-
ness he was talking continually of Jesus Christ
and of Christianity, saying that it was true, and
they must embrace it; and it was undoubtedly
their fear that he would openly embrace Chris-
tianity before his death, and bring a stigma on
them, that made them keep him so long from
coming to me, and so guarded when I was
present.
I spoke to him generally on the subject of
death and of Him whom alone we can trust in
such an hour, but did not press it home so per-
sonally as I would had I then suspected what I
afterward learned to be the fact.
When I spoke to him of Christ, his brothers
standing by, prevented his replying, saying that
he was too weak to converse. His cousin after-
ward told me that during the night before he
died, after incoherent talking of Jesus and his
salvation for some time, he suddenly rose to a
sitting posture in bed, and called out with a
clear voice : " The glory of Jesus Christ is fill-
ing the whole world, and we must all bow he-
fore it. He is the Divine Redeemer." — Jacob
Chamberlain, M. D., in the Independent.
For •' The Friend-"
A Visit to Ocean City. i
Accepting the invitation of a kind friend whc
is learned in shells, to go with him to Ocean
City and see what spoils of the ocean could be
found on the beach, I took the cars for thai
place on the twenty-second of Ninth Month.
Ocean City is situated on the northern end
of the beach that commences to the south ol
Great Egg Harbor Bay, a few miles south o!
Atlantic City. The railroad from Camden goes
towards Cape May, but about twenty miles
before reaching that point a branch runs east
ward to the coast, and after crossing the sail
meadows, comes to the beach at Sea Isle City
From Sea Isle City a railroad runs along the
beach northward to Ocean City.
A search for shells along the beach is a ver)
uncertain business. After a southeast storm, ii
is often the case that the waves wash up fron
the bottom, multitudes of shells and otlier ses
products, and strew them by myriads on th(
sands, so that a rich prize awaits those who com(
at once and pick up these treasures before the)
are buried in the sands, which are ever moving
by the force of the winds, and soon hide smal
objects from view. At other times the mosi
careful search may fail to reveal much of in
terest. That was the situation on the day ol
our visit. The weather had been comparativel)
calm for a considerable time before we went t(
the shore, and my shell friend expected bui
poor success. We found only about ten specie.'
and these in comparatively small numbers. Tb<
enth Mo. 24, 1896.
THE FRIEND.
107
irst variety I noted was a small cylindrical
hell, lying among the grass or sedgje, called
Melampw bideiilatus, deriving its specilic name
'rom two ridges or prominences or teeth at the
ower end of the opening which leads into the
of the shell -
-Bidentiitu-s means " two- growth
.1 : „:_ I .1.;.,,, ..„„ A ., :
oothed." This animal is au air breathing one
ike the common garden snail, and although it
ippears to enjoy its salt water baths, it requires
ntervals of exposure to the air.
Another small shell, but rather larger than
he Melampus, being nearly three-fourths of an
,uch in length, was Dog-whelk {Nassa tripit-
lata). It may be described as a spiral coue,
itarting from a fine point and showing three
listinct coils as it approaches the larger end or
nouth of the shell. This species is carnivorous
ind bores holes with its tongue into other shells
|ind feeds on the animal within. Several of
(hese species I picked up had been treated in
,he same way, and were pierced with the small
found holes, through which their flesh had pro-
:)ably been extracted by an enemy of their own
species, or some other carnivorous variety. One
i)f the foreign Nassas is very destructive to the
uysters on the French coast.
, We found also a larger species of spiral shell,
;iot much longer, but much thicker — the Peri-
winkle {LiUorina irrorala). It is an interest-
•ng looking object, with numerous prominent re-
volving lines on its surface. The Periwinkle is
argelv'used for food in Great Britain where
,he number used was estimated a few years since
jis two thousand bushels a week during six
months of the year, and five hundred bushels a
iveek during the other six months. The Peri-
^viokles are vegetable feeders. Both it and the
i;arnivorous shells are provided with a peculiar
joring ribbon or tongue, which is closely beset
ivith horny teeth, which by backward and for-
>Tard motion rasp down objects that are brought
,n its way. The common European species is
said to have about six hundred rows of teeth
OB its tongue.
The species thus far described all belong to
.he Mttiya/ye« or one-shelled moUusca. We found
|ilso several of the bivalve or two-shelled species.
One of these was the Surf-clam (Mactra solidis-
sima), which is an abundant inhabitant of the
sandy coasts. The shells, when full-grown, are
IS much as six inches long, and were formerly
used by the Indians as hoes in the hilling of their
3orn, and more recently as sugar scoops. In
one that I picked up, the two valves were still
adhering, and were kept open by an elastic
ligament or small mass of cartilage which oc-
cupies a small cavity in the back of each valve.
On the inner face of each valve are two round
scars at which, when the animal was living,
iwere attached the strong muscles whose con-
traction closed the shell. When the death of
the animal destroys the muscular action, the
elasticity of theligament opens the shells. These
clams are much used for bait in fishing, but are
not much esteemed for food.
There was a third member of our little com-
pany who was as much interested in the wild
dowers and plants, as the shellman was in his
,ocean favorites. We collected more than sixty
species of plants around Ocean City, and would
probably have added to the list, if we had not
been driven from the spot by a shower of rain,
which induced us to take an earlier train home
than we had intended.
Several of the seaside plants are fleshy in their
texture, such as the Sea-purslane (Sesuvium pen
tandrum) and the Salt-wort (Sakola kali). This
is a low branching annual, with rose-colored
flowers and short and thick leaves, all prickle-
poiuted, so that the plant cannot be handled
wiih impunity. It is said to be closely allied
to the Russian Thistle, which has given much
alarm to the western farmers by its rapid
-■Vn interesting plant of the Grass family was
the Sea Sand Reed {Ammophila arundinacea),
hich grew abundantly on tlie piles of bare
sand. On approaching one of these piles where
the wind or other force had removed some of
the sand so as to leave a perpendicular bank,
my flower learned companion called my atten-
tion to the long root-stocks of the grass running
down several feet into the earth. From these
there branched out numerous layers of fine root-
letis which tended to bind the sand together.
A common roadside weed is the Clot-bur
(Xanthium stnmiarium). At the shore we found
another species, the Xanthium cauadense, in
which the beaks of the fruit were armed with
hooked spines, and intermingled with abundant
hairs. In one upland species the hairs are
wanting, and the beaks are straight. Gray calls
the Clot-burs coarse and vile weeds, yet they
are botanically interesting. But v,e met with
many plants so beautiful and bright, that they
are attractive to those whose tastes are not sci-
entific. Such were the two purple Gerardias
— G. Purpurea and G. Maritima— the. splendid
shore Golden Rod (Solidago seinpervirens), the
Sea Lavender (Staiice Umonium), the delicate
and slender-jointed Polygonutu {Polygonella ar-
iiculita), and the beautiful marsh Centaury
(Sabbatid stellarli), bright with rose-purple flow-
ers. J. W.
ernor of our State is also the chief commander
of the militia. The Sheriff(jf our counties in most
States becomes the hangman in case of capital
punishment, and in exercising the duty of arrest
should he take the life of a man he is justified
before the law; and, when fully known, the
duties of many of our public officers at times
lead them into the responsibility of sacrificing
human life, and this in time of peace.
If I, by my vote, elect the.se men to an office
the known duties of which under circurastaojces
likely to occur, may lead them to cut short the
thread of life in my fellow man, how can I es-
cajjc the responsibility of an accomplice in caus-
ing his death. I am aware that far the larger
share of tho-e who are members of the various
branches of the Society of Friends feel it almost
a duty to vote at all general elections, if not
exactly for candidates of entirely satisfactory
character, at least for those whom they believe
most nearly represent their views. I believe
that far the larger number of these have not
given these matters that proper consideration
in the light of our hio;her duties which its im-
portance dem mds. We have no right to " Do
evil that good may come of it," and there are
times when we should " Let the potsherds of the
earth strive with the ])otsherds." C. H.
For "The Friend."
DwiGHT, Kans., Ninth Month aTili, 1896.
Having, as I apprehend, been led to see that
some things connected with the usual exercise of
the elective franchise are inconsistent with some
of the testimonies borne by us as a people, it has
pressed upon my mind to present some of the
reasons why I have felt like declining of late
years to vote at our general elections.
Probably the first thing which seemed to
fasten upon me in this way was the fact that in
all political parties I found men equal to or su-
perior to mj'self in judgment and general in-
formation, who were equally sure that the suc-
cess of the political party to which he belongs
would tend to the greater good of the country.
Being conscientious that I be casting a ballot
which, were it to decide an election, should cer-
tainly work the greatest good to the greatest
number, I began to investigate both the princi-
ples and practices of those parties which make
our nominations and shape the political con-
cerns of our country, and soon found that in
order to keep duly posted on passing political
events I so used the spare time at my command
that my time for religious reading and reflec-
tion was very much encroached upon ; and fur-
ther my thoughts were turning more and more
to these things and less and less to things of
more lasting concern. I observed that near
election time not only myself, but my friends,
turned to politics as a principal topic of con-
versation, and I reflected that from the "Abun-
dance of the heart the mouth speaketh," and
further that we were enjoined to "Seek first
the kingdom of Heaven and the righteousness
thereof." As I allowed place to these consider
ations, other things connected with the exercise
of the right to vote presented ; among them the
fact that when voting for a President
Earthqu.\kes in Formosa. — Earthquakes
are very common and do enormous damage. In
1891, on one day, four shocks were felt, and a
month later, two more. Years ago, at Keelung,
rumbling sounds were heard, and the waters of
the harbor receded until fish of all sizes were
left wriggling and floundering in the mud and
pools. Women and children rushed out to se-
cure such rare and enticing prizes, but shrieks
from the shore warned them of the return of
the water. Back it came, furious as a charge
of battle, overleaping its appointed b(junds, and
sweeoing away all the houses in the low-lying
land along the shore. The story of that tidal
wave is handed down as one of the great catas-
trophes in history. At Kim-pau-li, not many
years ago, a shock was felt. Rice-fields sud-
denly sank three feet, and the sulphurous waters
rose and still cover the place. Sugar-cane is
now cultivated in large tracts where boatmen
plied their oars in 1872, and the waters of the
Tamsui River glide over places where stood
villages in which I preached the Gospel twenty-
three years ago. — Selected.
What Sixty Cext.s Did. — According to a
Texas paper an investment of sixty cents in
whiskey, by a young man named Dean, in the
year 1869, cost; Fannin County, in time and
money, more than the revenue arising from
the whiskey traffic for five years amounted to.
Dean, inflamed with his whi.skey, shot and kill-
ed Dan Coulter. Then the McDonalds shot
and killed Dean. For this otteuce they were
arrested, and after continuing the case several
times, were tried and convicted of manslaugh-
ter, and sentenced to the penitentiary. While
in jail they were rescued by their friends break-
ing open the jail and liberating them. Taking
it together, this sixty cents' worth of whiskey
killed two men, made one widow, caused two
men to be incarcerated and kept in jail at an
enormous expense to Fannin County, and caused
trouble to the families and friends of those two
men ; and then the expense of witnesses and
trials in court, with loss of time to the sheriS"
and pos.<e, put Fannin County to the expense
are 1 of not less than ten thousand dollars. — The
helping
the head of the army. The Gov- Christian.
108
THE FRIEND.
THE HOUSE OF OBED-EDOM.
5. SA>-(iSTER.
The house of Obed-Edoni,
Where safe the ark abiide,
What time were wars and fightings
On every mounlain road ;
What lime was pitched the battle
In every valley fair,
The house of Obed-Edom
Had peace beyond compare.
With famine on the border
And fury in the camp,
With the starving children huddled
In the black tent's shivering damp,
Wilh the mothers crying sadly
And every moan a prayer — •
In ihe house of Obed-Edom
Was neither want nor care.
The fields of Obed Edom,
No foeinan trod them down ;
The towers of Obed-Edom
Were like a fortressed town ;
And only grace and gladness
Came speeding on the road
To the house of Obed-Edom,
Wherein the ark abode.
And far and near ihey told it.
The men that passed that way,
How fell Jehovah's blessing
On that home by night and day ;
How the smallest to the greatest
Had joy and hope and love.
While the roof of Obed-Edom
Was watched by God above.
The line of Obed-Edom
Is on the earth today ;
In the house of Obed-Edom
Still he may safely stay
Who, dearer than all treasure
For which men toil and plod,
Shall prize the covenant-blessing,
The hallowed ark of God.
And never strife nor clamor
Shall break the tranquil spell
In which onr Lord's beloved
Forever safely dwell.
In the house of Obed-Edom,
In sunlight or in dark,
Abides the ceaseless hle>sing
That rests within the ark.
For "THE Friend."
RESCUED.
The willows bend in silent weeping.
The iir tree bows its stately head,
Something is gone from out our keeping,
A soul is rescued, some one lielh dead.
A voice is stilled that used to sing at evening,
A baby voice that lisped in accents gay;
A mother bows in silent grieving,
A serapl^form has past from earth away.
'Twas when the snows weresoftlv falling
And wintry winds were moaning round.
And now I hear the song-birds calling.
And flowers are blooming on a baby mound.
E. F. P.
A Finished Education. — One of the poorest
things that can be said of a man, or that he can
say of himself, is that he has a finished educa-
tion. It is equivalent to saying that he has
ceased to grow and to gain ; that he will never
make any more progress. A child was born
into a home of wealth and refinement. It was
a bright child, and there was hope for it on the
part of parents and friends. It continued to
grow and to learn until it was ten months old,
and then all growth and learning stopped, ex-
cept in faint signs of added months in the lines
of the face, and in a little fulness of flesh. That
child lived on to nearly forty years of age, but
it never knew any more than at ten months.
It was called a ea,se of " arrested development,"
but it might have been called a case of " finished
education." God pity us if we cease to gain
and to grow through this life ! — Selected.
A Short Account of John (iraham.
(Concluded from page ICiO.'.
On Fourth-day night he was much tried with
restlessness, and during this time he recounted
S(ime preservations from sudden death which
he had experienced, and he afterwards suppli-
cated, " Oh ! Thou who art over all, help me to^
bear all! Can I still say, 'Thy will be done?'
Oh, this poor suffering frame, can it he long?"
At another time, when in much suffering, he
said, "I shall be relieved in the Lord's time,"
and then repeated, " Peace I leave with you,
my peace I give unto you " — " my peace."
In reference to an impression that had long
rested upon his mind, that more public service
might be required of him, he said, " I can't feel
that my day's work is quite done ! Oh, have I
the blood of any on my skirts? Have I told
them faithfully? I have tried the fleece, wet
and dry. Oh, can I say, I am clear, fully clear?"
It was replied, " We know thou hast striven to
be in the way of thy duty," and he remarked,
"Too much timidity, perhaps." Addressing his
wife," he said, "For years, as thou knowest, I
never went to meeting wiihout a feeling that I
might have to open my mouth — not here, not
here, except in matters of order; there has not
been much opening. I have thought much of
my grandfather (James Graham), a very worthy
man, almost uneducated, but an eminent minis-
ter, as many hearts could testify ; he was brought
so low in the preparation for this service, that
many of his friends thought him about to yield
up his natural life ; but he lived long after. One
day, after feeling severe pain when in the min-
ister's gallery, he rose with the lines:
My life, if Thou preserv'st my
Thy s,acrifice shall be;
And death, if death should be c
But joins my soul to Thee !'
' dooa
" That must be my motto. I want a motto
now that will do for a longer or a shorter time."
On Fifth-day, the 19th, he was not so well,
and when a little revived from an attack of
faintness, his soul was poured out in fervent sup-
plication for himself, for those around him, and
for the church. For his dear wife he besought the
blessing of the Lord, which being given, " there
can be no bane;" and expressed his full confi-
dence that she would be comforted in her sor-
row, saying, "Trust in the Lord," and quoting
Hab. iii : 17. To those around he said im-
pressively, " never quench the Spirit." At this
time he sent messages of love to absent friends ;
and dwelt with comfort on the blessedness of
the redeemed, who through much tribulation
have entered the heavenly kingdom, laying
great emphasis upon the words, "They shall
hunger no more, neither thirst any more," as he
could appreciate the latter clause from his out-
ward experience. Whilst apparently in a sink-
ing state throughout the day, his mind was kept
in perfect peace. He said, " I have for some
time felt that I should not continue long, and
bless the Lord, there is no terror in the pros-
pect. Some feel ecstacy — I have not that, but
a deep settled peace, still in all and through
all, I pray, the Lord's holy will be done, either
for continuance here, or for inheritance in the
land above, of my own Father."
He was often deeply exercised lest the main-
tenance of those principles and testimonies which
our religious Society was raised up to show forth
before the world should be lost sight of; and in
reference to this, on the afternoon of this day,
he wished the following taken down in writing:
" It was Esau that saw the brokeu-dowu places
of Jacob, and determined to rebuild them ; and
what was the answer ? ' They may build, but I
will throw down ' (Matt. ii). The Lord will
ever cause to be thrown down the buildings of
Jacob which are not built after his will.
" I have for years seen and felt, and travailed
in spirit for the maintenance of a true ministry,
committed to this people in such an especial
manner, indicating that all the springs of the
ministry, and all the service of the ministry,
have their only source from Jesus Christ him-
self. He being the eternal and glorified Head
of his own church ; unto Him belongeth not
only all the power, but all the dominion, for
the government must ever be on his shoulders.
Let not any think, with how muchsoever of
Christian life, and feeling and earnestness they
may bring to bear, but that their oflTerings
will be their own, unless they are brought into
the deep life and the power of our glorified
Head. Their equipment is in danger of being
(and great is the danger in this day), like unto
that armor of Saul that seemed so plausible
to fortify the warrior. David must be willing
to be a fool, and go forth in the name of the
Lord ot Hosts ; and then it matters not what
eloquence and power of intellect the minister
may have."
Seeing the sweet peace with which he was
favored, it was remarked that the Lord was
truly " a rich rewarder of them that diligently
seek Him;" when he repeated, "diligently!
diligentlij ! it's been too spasmodic sometimes
with me; but unworthy as I am, there seems
nothing in the way — all removed. I hope I'm
not deceiving myself! I hope I'm not mis
leading you!" A bright smile lighted up his^
countenance, as if looking beyond the things o)|
earth, and he was asked, "What is it dear'j
dost thou see Him waiting for thee?" He re-:
plied, impressively, " I wait for Him!" Turning:
to his wife, he said, "Don't keep me, dear
Don't fret ! Remember Mary Penington !"— it
allusion to her having been enabled so to follon
her departed husband in spirit that she coulc
rejoice almost as much as if he were still wit!
her in the flesh.
In the evening he spoke of the need there ii
for all to be really living as in tents, ready t(
strike them at any time, not knowing when th(
call may come; and dwelt vividly upon som(
passages in Solomon's Song, especially the sev
enth and eighth verses of the first chapter, say
ing he saw so much meaning in the injunctioi
of Christ to his church, "Go thy way forth bi
the footsteps of the flock, and feed thy kids be
side the Shepherd's tents " — " the kids, the littli
ones, all the tenderest aspirations — brought t(
feed beside the Shepherd's tents !"
After this he again rallied, and for som(
days his fluctuating state gave some hope tha^
he might yet be restored to comparative health
This was not, however, his own opinion, an(
when a hope was expressed on Sixth-day tha
he might be spared for our sakes, he said, " Tha
does not seem likely, in all human probability
but I do not know that I have much wish in it
I am in the Lord's hands."
The lines were quoted one day :
" I shall sleep sound in Jesus,
Filled with his likeness rise;
To live and to adore Him,
To see Him with these eyes."
he replied, with his quick detection of erroi
" Not with these eyes! ' We shall not all sleep
but we shall all be changed.' " Afterward
dwelling upon the description given by John o
"One like unto the Son of Man."
'enth Mo. 24, 1896.
THE FRIEND.
109
His desires for entire sanctifiction were con-
itaut, and found expression in such words as
ihese : " Cleanse, cleanse, cleanse ; purity, purify,
)urify !" "Purge me with hyssop ; that's bitter,"
ind at another lime broke forth, " Oh, to drink
)f ambrosial streams! to lav€ in the river of the
ilvaterof life! ' Nothing that is impure !' Cleanse
re. Almighty, from every remnant of impur-
ity." Some part of the hymn, " Nearer to Thee,"
was quoted, when he exclaimed, " Nearer ! Oh,
1 want to get nearer! I haven't lived near
jnough !"
On the evening of Third-day, the 24th, the
jinie for dismissal again seemed near, and he
jave directions respecting his funeral, request-
ing that everything might be very plain, and no
plate on the coffin; and at another time said,
,'Let there be no black ; I have felt a strong
testimony against that." He spoke to his brother
of the way of salvation in a very instructive
manner, saying that it was " through Jesus
Christ, the appointed Mediator and Interces-
sor." It seemed indeed to come from a heart
deeply feeling the great reality that was shortly
io be experienced. He also said that he feared
[to ask for remission of suflering, lest the work
jof sanctification should be in any way obstructed.
On Fourth-day morning, the end was appar-
ently not far off. After thanking an attendant
ifor her kindness, he said, " It can't be long for
any of us, and if we are only ready, when the
itime comes, it will be better, far better ; and
could we only realize the joys beyond, all these
ithings would bear no comparison — none at all !"
I In the afternoon he was in severe pain, but
ihis mind was perfectly clear and unclouded,
land expressions like the following were caught:
i" Pray for me, that I may be gathered into the
Icenter of life. I ever feel that I have no claim
to ask of thee ! 1 ever claim the merits of the
'Holy Redeemer. Thy spotless Lamb I" " That
il may enter into the fulness of joy at his right
hand !" " Yes, blessed Saviour, my Mediator,
imy Potentate, my Intercessor with thee, the
Father of everlasting praise; let our voices be
lattuned to sing unto thee and the Lamb. Let
us reach away from this earth, even unto where
Thou dwellest in ineffable brightness. Holy,
holy, holy. Lord God Almighty, just and true
;are all thy ways, Thou King of saints. King of
ikings and Lord of lords! Thou holy, holy,
holy ! Let all fall down before thee, Thou In-
finite Being! Thou Maker and Sustaiuer of
(this thy universe. Thou who knowest all the
; ways of man, and though so high above all, art
ISO condescending as to direct the ways of them
. that fear Thee ! Let us continue to give thanks
unto Thee, oh Lord, our God; let us commit
our spirits unto thee ; as unto a faithful Creator.
'Different as our thoughts are from thy thoughts,
and our ways from thy ways, Thou hast seen
meet to open up a way whereby we may ap-
proach unto thee, even our ever-living advo-
1 cate, who laid down his life for these sins of
ours." " Clinging to thee, clinging to thee. Lord
, Jesus, receive my spirit. Receive all our spirits.
Oh that my tongue were attuned to sing the
praise of the Lord for ever and ever !"
In the evening be obtained some relief from
pain, and it was hoped he might pass quietly
away without further struggle. He was asked
if he wished to see any one, and his reply was,
"Only my Lord, in the brightness of his com-
ing;" adding, " Lord Jesus, receive my spirit!"
Fifth-day, the 26th, was one of intense physi-
cal suffering, so that he entreated those around
him to unite in prayer witli him, that if consis-
tent with his will, this mi^ht now be the Lord's
time for his release. At seasons, glimpses of
the glory so soon to be revealed were permitted
to cheer his spirit, and such expressions as these
fell from his lips: '• Drawing nearer unto the
gates of death ! Open, open, open unto me, Lord
Jesus, I pray!" Joyful pictures of an eternity
of bliss, when this world and its care.s are
ended ! Perhaps I've been too anxious for a
realization of the world to come, but however,
I've nothing to trust to but the mercy of Goil
in Christ Jesus."
When almost too ill to speak, he said to a
sister-in-law, who approached his bedside, " Train
them up in the nurture and admonition of the
Lord !" And to another near relative, " Be thou
faithful in the little, and thou shalt be made
ruler over more." When allusion was made to
the nearness of the prospect before him, he as-
sented, and said, " It is all right, and I am go-
ing, through redeeming love and mercy, to ex-
change a state of mixture for one of everlasting
blessedness. He was asked if he was in pain,
and he replied, " Yes, great pain, but the Di-
vine will be done, the Divine purposes be fully
accomplished." During the after part of the
day, his chief desire was to be kept patient ;
once he said to his brother, " Travail with me
in spirit, that I may be preserved in patience."
The night was an almost sleepless one, in the
middle of which he broke forth in supplication,
commencing with the Lord's prayer, and con-
tinuing for some time in a loud voice, adding,
" I should like when I pass away, to be engaged
in singing the song of the Lamb and the re-
deemed : Alleluia, alleluia, alleluia. Lord God
Almighty, just and true are thy ways, thou
King of saints! let all the nations of ths earth
bow before the Lord and his loving sway ! Be-
hold, I come quickly ! Even so, come. Lord
Jesus I"
Daylight again breaking, he wished the blind
drawn up, saying with a smile, 'I think this is
the day ! Joyful, joyful day ! Lord, if it please
thee, may this be thy day to let a trembling,
yet confiding creature come and appear before
thee'?" This desire was soon granted, for about
half-past seven o'clock, after a severe attack of
oppression upon the breathing, the spirit was
permitted to pass quietly away.
Here is an illustration of the better side of
the rule of England in India— and that rule is
mostly the better side. Most unfortunately the
Salvation Army in India has suffered a deep
humiliation in the conviction of Ensign Brodie,
who, with his wife, was in charge of the Army's
work in some villages of the Ahmednagar dis
trict. On one of his trips his wife had been
insulted by the foul tongues of the people. Two
weeks later Ensign Brodie, with a native Sal-
vation captain, rode over to the village, called
on the native magistrate, read him a pretended
Government document on the offense of the
village, saying it had laid itself liable to a fine
of two hundred rupees, but that if paid imme-
diately, twenty-five would be accepted, in view j
of their ignorance and poverty. In an alterca- '
tion which followed Brodie fired his pistol and
shot a man fatally. He was tried for the homi-
cide and condemned to seven years' imprison-
ment, which was just. Now, the creditable
thing is that the judge, who tried the case im-
partially, and whose charge to the jury is fully
ajiproved, is hi.mself not an Englishman, but a
native Mohammedan. England allows Eng-
lishmen to be tried by natives. Whether this
case tells anything against the discipline of the
Salvation Army in India we cannot say, but
our readers know it has been severely criticised.
— Selected.
The Witch Superstition.
Among the Liberian tribes in Africa there
is much belief in the existence of witches, and
the bad eHect of their actions. This often leads
to much injustice and cruelty. The following
incident is related by Agnes JIcAUister, who
was for several years located in that part of the
country. " All was war palaver in town. They
had accused the king of witching the war, and
two of the devil-doctors of making medicine to
kill their own people. Everybody was excited.
Men and women came down from the bush-
lowns of our tribe to talk this war ])alaver.
The women did the principal part of the talk-
ing. The people all sat down in the sun before
the kings house at ten o'clock ; and although
there caime a heavy shower of rain, they did
not move their seats, but talked on through it
all. Some of the women are great talkers and
can hold the attention of all the people. Al-
though the king denied the charge, yet many
of the people believed him guilty and threat-
ened his life if any more lives were lost iu the
war.
"That night the king, fearing the anger of
the people, started to run away, but was caught
by the people as he was crossing the river to the
other tribe. They tied him hand and foot, put
him in the top of a small hut, built a fire, and
threw red pejjper into it. They smothered the
flames to smoke with green grass and bushes,
and, shutting the door, left the poor creature
there until morning, when he fell down to the
floor through the hole in the ceiling through
which they had put him up.
"They untied him then; but he was so stiff
and stupid that he could scarcely move. When
he felt better they again asked him whether he
was guilty or not. Knowing that the peof>le
would take no explanation, he said that he was,
but would make some " medicine " to counteract
all the witchcraft he had used in the war. They
kept him shut up all day, but let him go to his
own house that night.
"The next day, being Sunday, I went to one
of the small towns to hold service. We had
not been able to have service for several weeks,
since the excited people could not be induced
to sit together in one place ; and it was seldom
they were in town, for all the smaller towns had
to be guarded. I had just gofc^ congregation
together and started the service, when there
came a man who called all the people to the
king's town for palaver. My meetings were at
an end for that day, and I went with the rest
to hear the palaver. It was about the king's
witching the war, and the warriors were furious.
Some of them wished to take the ring off his
ankle, and take him out and kill him. But he
begged them so hard not to do it that they left
him to make the " medicine " which he had said
would counteract all the witchcraft and give
them sure success.
"I had been in the habit of taking one day
for rest and letting the children go to the river
to fish. But since the war had begun I had
had no rest day, for many people called at the
mission, and I never liked to refuse to see them.
In those war times I felt that possibly I should
not see them again or have another chance to
urge them to accept Jesus Christ as their Saviour.
"One morning the king passed our house
without coming in. I asked him to stop, but
he said he was going to find some "medicine"
and would be back soon. So I set the tea ou
110
THE FRIEND.
the stove, as I knew he would be sure to want
a drink of tea and something to eat on his way
home, for he was always hungry. I looked for
him for some time, but he did not come. I
thought that perhaps he had gone home by an-
otlier way and was making the " medicine " for
the war.
'•Just as it was growing dark he came, and
stood for a few minutes under the house, listen-
ing to discover whether any of his persecutors
were there. One of my boys came to tell me
that the king had arrived. I at once felt that
something was the matter, for these people do
not like to be out in the dark if they can help
it.
" I went out and met him just as he came into
the house. It was almost dark. I asked, ' Is this
you, king?' ' Yes,' he answered, ' is there any-
one in the house?' I told him there was no
person but our family, and invited him to sit
down. He said the people had been all ready
to kill him in the morning; but he had run
away, and had been in the bush all day without
anything to eat. He had two cassadas in his
hand, and asked me to cook them for him. We
made a fire and got something for him to eat.
He asked to stay all night. I told him he
could, but inquired what he meant to do in the
morning. He said that he intended to run
away and never come back to the country
again.
" When a man is made king a metal ring is
put on his ankle as a sign of his authority ; and
this ring belongs to the tribe and is handed
down from one generation to another. I asked
him whether it would not be a good thing for
him to take the ring off his foot and leave it
with me. I would take it, I said, to the people
in the morning, and tell them that I had seen
him, and that he had gone to another tribe ;
and I would beg them not to search for him.
Yes, he said, if it had not been for the ring on
his foot he would have gone far away that day,
but by the anklet any person he met would
know that he was a king, and he would be more
easily found out. I got down on the floor, and
with a pair of pincers, unwound the wire that
fastened the ring.
" After supper I gave him matches and a
blanket to wrap himself in, and prepared him
for his journey. He had a dagger with him.
He said he was going to sleep in the bush, and
would take some vegetables from the farm as
he passed alotJg. He wanted the matches to
light a fire to roast them. He lay down on his
mat to sleep, but asked me to let the lamp burn
by him. He kept his dagger by his side, and
was so nervous that he would start at the least
sound. None of us slept much that night. At
four o'clock I got up and got something for
him to eat, and he started off before daylight.
He intended never to return to his home again,
but hoped to meet some friendly tribe with
whom he might live out the rest of his days,
which would not be many, for he was already
an old man.
" About eight o'clock his brother came up to
the mission to see whether I knew anything
about the king. I showed him the king's ring,
related what I knew, and told him that I was
only waiting for the dew to dry off the grass
before coming down to bring the ring and ex-
plain that tlie king was gone.
" When I went to town they called the war-
riors together. I gave them the anklet, and,
telling them what had passed at our house,
asked them not to follow the king, but let him
go in peace. They thanked me many times for
taking the ring off the king's foot and bringing
it to them, saying I had done them a good ser-
vice.
" The king wandered on for three days, crawl-
ing through the thick bushes at night and hid-
ing away during the day, that he might not be
found by his own tribe. But when he was near
the place where he was going for refuge a hunter
discovered him, and he was brought to one of
the bush towns of our own people. They were
kind to him, keeping him for several months,
and finally making peace between him and his
own townspeople, and bringing again him to his
former home. For many months he had no
power at all among the people. At length, how-
ever, the devil-doctor declared that the devil was
not pleased with the way they had treated their
king, and wished them to put the ring on his
foot again. Accordingly a s.tcrifice was offered
to the devil for the wrong they had done, and
the ring was restored to the king's foot ; and
he wore it until he died, two years later." —
A. MeAllkter.
Lights and Shadows of Port Royal.
(Concluded from page 103.)
An incident worthy of notice is related con
cerning Sister St. Eustoquie (the countess of
Bregy), and the Archbishop. On one occasion
he urged her to sign the formulary, saying that
if there was any sin in it, he would bear it for
her. Her reply was not without a pungent re-
buke: "Pardon me, my lord; but it would
grieve me too much to put upon your lordship's
heavy incumbrances the least additional bur-
then."
Among the legacies bequeathed to us by that
company is the " Gift of an Abbess to her Nuns,"
by Agnes Arnauld, which contains a portraiture
of " the perfect and the imperfect religions."
In this work she instructs them that unless " He
who has the key of Civid, unlock the heart,
the most holy truth (of Scripture), will find no
entrance;" that those alone are blessed who,
hearing Christ's words, "abidingly keep them."
She teaches them that Christ is to be known,
'' not by theory, but by experience ; for it is
only by the teaching of the Spirit," said she,
" that men can call Him Lord." Surely no
Friend could object to these sentiments.
In the course of years, when the old stock had
somewhat disappeared from Port Royal, the ec-
clesiastical officers and their subordinates found
a company more pliable and more to their own
minds. But there still remained some to bear
testimony to liberty of conscience, and to exem-
plify the fortitude which is bestowed on those
who suffer for righteousness' sake. Among these
later champions of truth was Gertrude of Valois,
a woman of rank and culture, and one whose
character appears as beautiful and as nearly
complete, as that of any of her sisters. When
she was threatened by the bishop with exile
and imprisonment, she replied : " If you immure
nie in a dungeon, truth will descend there with
me ; and He who is the God of truth, will both
console me and make me truly free amidst cap-
tivity; and if you put me to death, then the
same truth will deliver me forever and crown
me." To the threat of being deprived of the
sacraments, and of burial without "Christian
rites," she answered with a smile: " Well, I do
not think your lordship will be able to discover
any place to cast my body, where our Saviour
will not be able to find it and raise it up at the
last day; and if in the meantime my soul be
ha|)py in Heaven, it is of very little importance
where my body is cast."
She endured a rigorous imprisonment in two
convents, to whose commuities her excellent ex-
ample was not lost ; and she was finally trans-
ferred to the convent of Etr6es, where, we arc
told, her presence was like that of the ark to
the house of Obed-Edom. During the early part
of her captivity, her persecutors endeavored tc
draw her from her steadfastness by reporting thai
some of her friends had put their names to the
formulary. Her reply seems to manifest the
spirit that actuated most of the Port Royalists
" Whatever others are so unfortunate as to do,'
said she, " the word of God caunot be broken
on that word I cast myself He declared. Thou
shalt not bear fiUse witness ; and his word re
mains the same, though every one of the chil
dren of men should alter. Let God be true
though every man is a liar."
The final dispersion of the remaining nuns ai
Port Royal in 1709 was briefly referred to ir
the early part of this essay. At the time of tha(
event, there was presented the extraordinarj
spectacle of a force of armed men three hun-
dred strong, going up to the monastery to carrj
away twenty-two peaceable old women (some o;
them paralytic and helpless) to their severa
places of confinement. These conscientious nuns
were pursued, one might say, to their ver}
death-beds; and sometimes their hands wen
seized and made to artix the name to the forrau
lary, the signing of which had been so oftei,
urged in vain. .'
ITpon his death-bed Louis XIV, as is wel
known, found that he had been kicking agains'il
the pricks. He had always "demeaned him as'
the sons of earth," and now he shifted the blame
upon his Jesuit confessors, and said he had " sin :
cerely sought the peace of the church." Car
dinal de Noailles, so active in the destructior;
of Port Royal, also had troubles of his own af
terward, and, bemoaning them once in the pres
ence of a certain lady, was met by this epigram
matic rebuke: "What would you have, sir'
God is just. It is the stones of Port Royal fall \
ing upon your head." This prelate, however
afterward became apparently penitent, and mad(j
what reparation was in his power.
One can scarcely turn from a contemplatior
of the history of Port Royal without some seri
ous feelings and reflections. It may have t(
some its perplexing and discouraging aspects
as well as its instructive ones. Port Royal hac
foes of its own household, and there were weak
nesses and errors in its best members. It i.;
difficult, too, to reconcile all this admixture o-
error with the precious substance of unchanging
truth ; but that truth and error are often anc
generally mingled in the human mind, no oni
will deny. Even Lady Guion did not questioi
that her own weakness had been " too mud
mixed " with what she terms " the sacred inteL
ligences of his pure light. These people wen
not as those unto whom blindness had happened
but as those who were recovering from blind
nesi ; and there is something for us to emulati-
in the integrity and devotion and perseverinj
faithfulness of Port Royal. This is probabK
the united judgment of many who have ac
quaiuted themselves with its memorials ; though
1 believe one writer takes the ground that it
dissolution was the punishment it received be
cause "it came not out" from the Church o
Rome, while one has also described the differ
ences between the Port Royalists and their ec-
clesiastical oppressors as " a Protestant quarrel
fought out within the limits of the Catholi
Church." Perhaps we cannot exactly credit th :
Port Royalists with so much of the reforme*.
entli Mo. 24,
THE FRIEND.
Ill
Liitli, but they occupied at least what Viuet
alls " the Alpine heights of Catholicism." They
lung to many hindering, traditional usages, but
hey :-eemed to look beyond them all to the uu-
ailing realities.
It may be remembered that the period over
Vhich we have passed in this account, includes
ihat also of the persecution of the Huguenots ;
«nd our interest is naturally engaged to see
vhat the position of these persecuted Jansenists
night be with regard to others who were sutfer-
ng fur conscience' sake. How gratifying would
t be to find a more positive word of sympathy
or the sufferers, and of censure upon the course
)f the violent and bigoted oppressors! Not a
\orii of this kind, as it uHects other cases than
heir own in most instances ; though a letter of
St. Marthe, written to Port Royal des Champs in
5664, breathes a spirit entirely opposed to that
iff persecution. " When spiritual teachers,"
Jaid he, " resort to courses of c mduct and
)roselytism, not only unprecedented in Scrip
'lire, but wholly opposed to that practised by
he a]Kistles; we have solid ground for believing
(hat the doctrines themselves, which demand so
fiifl'erent a method of promulgation, must also
be different. Now the apostles never resorted
'.n force, or to any worldly incitement, either of
pleasure or pain, to compel the will. . . .
Beware then of the doctrines of those whose
jractice is so wholly opposed to that of the Lord
hey profess to serve. Such practices are those
he world was wont to use against the church,
'lot those of the church against the world. Now
leither the world nor the church change their
iiatures. Where then we see worldly practices
■resorted to, we may safely conclude that it is
Jot the Spirit of Christ, but that of the world
n disguise, which has crept into it, that is the
^geut ; ami that for the gratification of its own
■purposes, . . it is for a time assuming the
mask of that church, to whose vitality and
^piiit it is the most deadly and irreconcilable
suemy."
■ The Jansenists appear not to have discovered
what should have been a bond of sympathy be-
:ween themselves and the persecuted dis.=eriters
from the Church of Rome. Arnauld indeed
justified the measures used against the Hugue-
:iiots, and one of St. Cyrau's last works was di-
rected against the Protestants. We look in
Vain also for what we should like to fiml in
Lady Guion. But silence, it has been sug-
gested, on the part of Roman Catholics at that
time, need not be taken to mean more than ac-
quiescence in the decrees of that church, whose
authority they were used to accept, and a mem-
bership in which was, in their view, an essential
passport to salvation.
pectedly afforded him of gaining a pair of shoes
for nothing. His conscience, however, says
Seneca, would not suffer him to remain (juiet
under such an act of injustice ; so, taking up
the money, he returned to the cobbler's shop,
and, casting in the money, .said : " Go thy ways ;
for though he is dead to all the world, yet 'he
is alive to me." — Chambers' Journal.
{ Conscience Money. — A somewhat amusing
lexample of the power of conscience may be
<:ited, in which the proprietors of Punch are re-
ported to have received threepence in conscience
money from an auonymous correspondent, who
is said to have surreptitiously read an entire
number of Punch from the various pages dis-
played in the shop front in Fleet Street. Such
an instance of the unburdening of the con-
science is only equaled, perhaps, by the story
■told of a fellow of Pythagoras, who, it is re-
lated, had bought a pair of shoes from a cob-
bler, for which he promised to pay him on a
future day. He went with his money on the
day appointed, but found that the cobbler had
in the interval departed this life. Without
saying anything of his errand, he withdrew,
secretly rejoicing at the opportunity thus unex-
A Louisiana Flower Pest.
Reports from the parishes declare that the
water hyacinth is proving a far greater nuisance
this season than last year, that it is beyond the
control of the local authorities, and that the
federal government will have to take in charge
the task of getting rid of it, or all the waterways
of the Southwest will be dammed up and ren-
dered unnavigable. The water hyacinth is a
Central American aquatic plant which produces
a beautiful flower of lilac or light blue. Nine
years ago it attracted the attention of a Louisi-
ana visitor, who brought a few of the plants
here and cultivated them in a bucket. Nobody
has traced the history of the plant for the next
five or six years, but three years ago a few of
these flowers were found in Bayou St. John,
one of the outlets of New Orleans. It seemeci
to flourish in the climate of Louisiana even
more luxuriantly than in Central America.
When, however, a freeze came, the water-hya-
cinth disappeared, died, and sank to the bottom
of the bayou. Next spring, however, it showed
itself again, and before the cool weather came
it had completely covered the bayou, which
looked like a field of purple heather, the water
being absolutely invisible, hidden by the thick
foliage of the plant, and navigation was seri-
ously impeded. At considerable expense the
hyacinths in the bayou were got rid of, but it
has since been heard from in a hundred dif-
ferent localities.
Last year the police jury of Terre Bonne
Parish had a special meeting to determine what
to do with this pest, which was damming up
bayous Terre Bonne, Blue, Caillou, De Large,
and others, and strangling the lumber industry
to death. It was resolved to abandon these
bayous already invaded by the hyacinth, as it
would cost too much to get rid of it, and try to
preserve those still free from it by means of
booms or obstructions thrown across the stream.
The news now is that all the effi>rts made to
stop the spread of the pest have failed. It has
invaded Grand Lake, forty miles long and from
two to ten broad, considerably larger than Lake
George, and threatens to convert it into a
meadow — a score of purple islands composed of
water-hyacinths floating on its bosom and be-
ing wafted from one side to the other. Even
the mighty Atchafalaya, the largest river in
Louisiana after the Mississippi, one-third the
volume of that stream, and witli a velocity of
four or five miles an hour, is dotted with hya-
cinth islands. So far no meaus of getting rid
of the pest has been found. The hyacinth dis-
appears with cold weather, and occasionally
without any apparent reason, the bulbs sink to
the bottom of the stream ; but whenever it does
so it always comes to the surface of the water
next season worse than ever.
There are some four thousand five hundred
square miles of lakes and waterways in Louisi-
ana, and if they are all given over to water-
hyacinths the latter will be a great public nui-
sance, as these " water-lilies," as the general
public calls them, are very "odoriferous" at
times. — Harper's Weekly.
Clkan minds are necessary for clean hearts.
Indecent and sensational literature are sure
poisous for the mind. The popular novel of
the day contain.? many germs that will breed
contagion and death. The impure thoughts
are the sym])toms of contagion, and soon bring
forth the unholy acts which are the evidences
of approaching death. The raind fed on the
light sensation of the novel cannot flourish on
the i)laiu and substantial truth of the Bible.
The brain stored with the irreverent or oltscene
story of the office, workroom, or club, cannot
retain the simple but saving tale of the cross.
The mind filled with the stock rejiorts or scan-
dals of the Sunday paper, cannot aid in the
purification or protection of the heart by thoughUs
concerning God during the moruiug hour of
worship. Tlie mind buried in the thoughts of
Satan caniKjt contemplate the jjurity of Christ.
— Chri^t,<m Inkllui.nctr.
THE FRIEND.
TENTH MONTH 24, ]80(J.
In the present number of Tin; Fkiexd we
print a communication from a Friend in Kan-
sas, the tendency of which is to discourage our
members from taking part in political contests ;
and it advises to abstain from voting for execu-
tive officers. As to the caution it conveys against
allowing the mind to be unduly absorbed in
political matters, we can endorse the concern
of the writer. As to the latter part of the essav,
we do not wish to sit in judgment on the refusal
to vote on conscientious grounds, nor are we
prepared to condemn those who believe it right
thus to manifest their choice in the selection of
their rulers. The Apostle Paul, in his epistle to
the Romans, cautions against judging one an-
other in regard to matters in which different
views may be taken, and adds, "Let everv mau
be fully persuaded in his own mind." We be-
lieve this is sul)stantially the ground ever occu-
pied by the Society of Friends. There have, it
IS probable, always been among them some
tenderly scrupulous men, who believed it safest
for them not to vote, i)ut there were many
others, who felt it right to do what they could
to secure good laws, aud a proper administra-
tion of them.
A recent cursory examination of S')me works
written by military officers, show how the pro-
fessi(jual spirit seems to blind the eyes to the
real horrors of warfare, and to create in those
affected with it a desire for fighting and blood-
shed.
In the description by Baden-Powell of the
campaign against the African kingdom of Ash-
anti, there are several references to the disap-
pointment felt by the officers and men of the
invading army, that the King of Ashanti yielded
without a battle. It would evidently have been
far more satisfactory, if a few hundred men had
been slain or wounded before submission was
made.
So also, in the account given by Lieutenant
Beynon of the march of a British army to re-
lieve the fort of Chitral in India, there are sev-
eral passages which show that the excitement
of actual conflict was grateful to the soldiers.
It seems to he one of the results of war, that
those engaged in it, become so familiarized with
bloodshed and destruction that they lose in large
measure the natural shrinking from these dread-
ful accompaniments of military operations.
112
THE FRIEND.
Some months ago a concern spread over the
rainds of the members of our Meeting for Suf-
ferings at the growth among the people of this
country of a military spirit. " After spending
some time in deliberating upon this affecting
subject, it was referred to a committee for fur-
ther consideration, who were authorized, if way
should open therefor, to prepare an address on
the subject to religious persons of other profes-
sions, so as to enlist their interest in the spread
of the principles of peace.
The result of their labors was the preparation
of an appeal to professing Christians on the sub-
ject, which was printed and referred for distri-
bution to the committee tliat had prepared it.
They had an edition of fifty thousand printed,
which have nearly all been distributeil. It was
concluded to send one copy to each of the Min-
isters in the United States, whose address could
be procured. More than forty thousand copies
were disposed of in this way. There still re-
mained a large number of ministers who had
not been supplied. The Committee made a re-
port of their proceedings to the Meeting for Suf-
ferings that met on the eighteenth of Ninth
Month, which encouraged them to continue the
work they had entered upon. From many of
those to whom the appeal had been sent, letters
were received expressing their unity with its
contents, aud in many cases requesting copies
for distribution. One of the requests was for
two thousand copies — but the number sent in
response was somewhat less.
The following extract from a notice of the
pamphlet in The Moravian may interest our
readers :
The object of the Appeal is to draw the attention
of Christians to the incinsistency of a warlike spirit
and of all wars and fightings with the true spirit of
Chrislianity, which is the gospel of peace on earth
and good-will toward men. The Friends have al-
ways borne consistent testimony to the uii-Chris-
tian character of war, especially between the so-
called Christian nations of the world; and there is
no doubt that their etforls in this direction have
helped to bring about the present tendency on the
part of these nations, to avoid the evils and miser-
ies of war, and to settle their differences by peace-
ful arbitration. This is certainly one of the most
hopeful features of the times, and should receive
the hearty approbation and support of all who de-
sire thai the kingdom of Christ, which is the king-
dom of " righteousness, peace and joy in the Holy
Ghost," should prevail more widely'in the hearts
and lives ot men, and in all the world at large.
War is certainly a relic of barbarism, and in pro-
portion as a higher Christiiin civilization is devel-
oped, it will be seen more clearly in its true light,
and will not only be deprecated as the greatest of
evils, but discountenanced and discouraged until
at last it shall cease to harass the nations. The day
will surely come when "the nations shall not learn
war any more," and if we pray for the coming of
that day it is our duty to do all in our power to
hasten its coming. With the present prevalence
of the military spirit among all nations, and the
tremendous modern power and development of the
munitions of war, it is evident that the nations are
not ready for a general disarmament, which will
l)e necessary to the prevalence of a general and
permanent peace. But the faithful and consistent
inculcation of the doctrines of Christianitv, .is ap-
plied to the hearts of individuals, will belike the
leaven which, with its silent yet irresistible force.
ill eventually leaven the whole 1
SUMMARY OF EVENTS.
United States.— It is st.-ited, on authority of Pres-
ident Cleveland, that the little despatch boat Bancroft,
now about due at Smyrna, has not been ordered to
force a passage ihroiiKh the Dardanelles, with or with-
out foreign aid. A lelesrani from London says the
British fleet in the Mediterranean has not been ad-
vised of such a movement, and cannot, therefore, as-
sist the American fleet, as it stated it would do in a
report published by a New York paper.
The United States Treasury gold reserve at the
close of business on the 19th inst., had declined to
$121,787,261. The day's withdrawals at New York
were J28-5,.500.
The United States Coast and Geodetic Survey has
just concluded the field work upon the survey of the
irans-eonlinental arc, along the 39th parallel of North
latitude. This gives the United Stites the longest
base line, upon which to establish subsequent surveys,
in existence in the world.
Fitzhugh Lee, Consul General at Havana, has been
granted leave of absence from his post in Havana,
and will return to his home in Virginia. It is said
he returns solely on account of his healtii.
The assessed value of farms in the United Slates in
1880 was over ten billion and in 1890 over thirteen
billion dollars.
The Secretary of the Venezuelan Boundary Com-
mission said recently that no decision had yet been
reached by the Commission, and that the Commission
is not yet in possession of all the facts necessary to
form a definite judgment.
H. S. Graves, of New York, an expert in the em-
ploy of the United States Forestry Commission, has
returned from an investigation of the Oregon forests.
The finest and largest trees of the kind H. S. Graves
had ever seen were the magnificent fir and spruce
trees in Clalsop County. S une of the firs measured
13 feet in diameter and 300 feet high, and the spruce
trees were fully as large.
There is a town in Georgia which will have negro
inhabitants exclusively. The promoters of the scheme
have bought 2000 acres, and intend to purchase 40,-
000 acres in all. Two hundred families, representing
1080 people, have enlisted as colonists, and the work
of building houses on the town site will be pushed
rapidly.
State of Washington dealers have begun shipments
of apples to Vladivostock, Siberia.
The Chicago Tract Society distributes tracts written
in French, Dutch, Swedish, Norwegian, Danish, Fin-
nish, Russian, Polish, Bohemian, Bulgarian, Lithuan-
ian, Italian, Spanish, Welsh, Greek, Hebrew, Chinese
and Arabic, and finds eager readers for them all.
Deaths in this city last week numbered 363, which
is 0 more than the previous week and 20 less than the
corresponiling week of 1895. Of the whole number
199 were males and 164 females: 43 died ot consump-
tion ; 35 of heart <lisease ; 31 of diphtheria ; 23 of maras-
mus ; 20 of apoplexy ; 20 of pneumonia; 14 of old ag.;;
14 of inflammation of the stomach and bowels; 10 of
cholera infantum; 9 of convulsions; 9 of bronchitis,
and 9 of inanition.
Markets, &c.— U. S. 2's, 92i a 94; 4's, 106 a 106J ;
- pon, 107 a 108; new 4's, reg., 114iall5}; coupon,
"6}; 5's, reg, 109} a 110.S; coupon, 111 a
llOii
11 1| ; currency 6's, lOl a 105,
Cotton was quiet and steady on a basis of Sj^jC. per
pound for middling uplands.
Feisd. -Winter bran in buIk,quoted $10.00 a $10.-50
and spring do., in sacks, at $J..50 a $10.00 per ton.
Flour.— Winter super, $2 65 a $2.85; do., extras,
$2.90 a $3.1 5 ; Pennsvl van ia rol I er, clear, $3.60 a $3.80 ;
do., do., straight. $3.90 a $4.15 ; Western winter, clear,
$3.60 a $3.80; do., do., straight, $3.90 a $4.15; do.,
do., patent, $4.25 a $4.50 ; spring, clear, $3.35 a $3.50 ;
do., straight, $3.85 a $4.15 ; do., patent, $4.25 a $4.50 ;
do., favorite brands, higher. City mills, extra, $3 00
a $3.20; do., clear, $3.75 a $3.95; do., straight, $4.00
a $4.25; do., patent, $4.50 a $4.75. Rye Flour.—
$2.60 per bbl. for choice Pennsylvania. Buckwheat
Flour.— $1.40 a $1.50 per lOd pounds for new, as to
quality.
Grain.— No. 2 red wheat, 82 a 82}c.
No. 2 mixed corn, 33 a 33}c.
No. 2 white oats, 25| a 26|c.
Beef Cattle.— Extra, 4.1 a 4|c.; good, 4} a 43c.;
medium, 4 a 4ic.; common, 3J a 3Jo.
Sheep and Lamb.s.— Extra", 3i a 3 Jc; good, 3 a 3}c.;
medium, 2i a 2|c.; common, 2 a' 2ic.; culls, 1 a He-
lambs, 3 a 5ic.
Hoos.— VVestern, 5} a Sic; 5 a 5}c. for c immon, and
45c. for Stale.
Foreign.- American horses have invaded the Eng-
lish markets. As many ;is lO.OUO were sold last year
in London alone, where they are used lor the omni-
buses, street cars and cabs.
The great Caledonian Railway of England hag just
issued an order forbidding all employees from entering
saloonsunder penalty of dismissal.
The Irish Gardeners' Association will have an ex-
hibition of potatoes, aud hold the conference in Dublin
in Eleventh Month, to celebrate the tercentenary of
the introduction of the potato into Ireland. The first
potatoes introduced in Europe were planted in Ire-
land in 1596 by Sir Walter Raleigh in the garden at-
tached to his residence. Myrtle Villa, Youghal, County
Cork. The spot is shown to visit.)rs.
The inland revenue returns for Ireland for the year
ending Third Month 31, shows that the consumption
of spirits increased 182,394 gallons, and that of beer
increased 4,744,756 gallons over the year before. No
wonder Ireland needs to be freed.
A movement is being pushed in New South Wales
for a commission of inquiry to investigate the results
of the liquor business as the Royal Commission is now
doing in England.
The Government has been oflicially advised that the
extradition of P. J. P. Tynan, the alleged dynamite
conspirator, who was recently arrested at Boulogne
upon a British warrant, has been refused by the Gov-
ernment of France. On the 15th instant 'Tynan was
released from prison by the French authorities ; and
on the 18th he sailed for New Y'ork on the steamer
Saale.
The preparations for the exploration of the South
Polar regions by M. de Gerlache, a Belgian naval of-
ficer, are almost complete. The crew of the Bdlgica
will be chiefly composed of Norwegian sailors and har-
pooners, but of the three oflicers holding responsible
positions two are Belgians. Three Belgian scientific
men have offered their co-operation and will accom-
pany the expedition.
A Spanish diver has succeeded in bringing $20,000,
worth of silver bars from a depth of 168 feet, off' Cape
Finisterre. The steamer Skyro, which sank nine
miles south of the cape five years ago, had eighty-
eight bars of silver, worth $4.5,000 on board. The
diver, whose name is Angel Er.jstarbe, has gone down
twenty -seven times this summer, and brought u p thirty-
seven of the bars.
A syndicate has been formed to tunnel the Great St.
Bernard and connect Turin and Lausanne by rail.
The Viceroy of India has cabled to the Government,
that, owing to the lack of rain, the crops in North-
western Inilia, in several districts of Central India, and
in Upper Burmah, have been seriously damaged, and
that imless rain falls shortly a famine will be inevita-
ble. There is some local feeling in the unaff'ected dis-
tricts, owing to the exportation of wheat to thedis-;
tricts in which the crops are damaged, and this basl
caused a rise in prices. I
NOTICES. '
Bible Association of Friends in America.— j
The Annual Meeting of the Corporation will be held ;
in the Lecture Room of Friends' Select School, 140
N. Sixteenth Street, on Fourth-day, Eleventh Month '
4th, 1896, at eight o'clock, p. m. (>eorge V^aux wiil
read a historical sketch of the Association. Friends
generally are invited to attend.
Elton B. Gifford, Secretary, j
Corrections.— In the article on " Port Royal," on]
second column of page 90, fifth line from the bottom,!
for "De Lari," read " De S:ici ;" on page 8-5, tenth
line from the bottom of first column, the full point
after the word "woman" should be a comma. On
page 97, about the middle of second column, "twine
me unto thee," should read " turn me unto thee." On
the same page in the third column, " how much bolting
has there been," should read, " how much halting has
there been." ,
Westtown Boarding School. — The Generall
Committee will meet on Sixth-day, the 23rd inst., at j
11 A. M. The Committee on Instruction meetthesamej
day, at 9 A. M. Wm. Evans, Clerk, i '
Westtown Boarding School. — For convenience'
of persons coming to Westtown School, the stage will'
meet trains leaving Philadelphia 7.17 and 8.46 a. m.,
and 2.53 and 4.32 p. m. Other trains are met when
requested. Stage fare on regular trips, fifteen cents,
on special trips, twenty-five cents each way. To reach
the school by telegraph, wire West Chester Phone 85.
Benj'n Passmore, Sup't.
Died, at his home in Morgan County, Indiana, on
the eighteenth of Eighth Mo., 1890, Dillon H.v worth, ,
aged ninety years ; a member of West Union Monthly
Meeting. ,
-^-, on Tenth Month 5th, 1896, at Spring Dale|
Station, N. J., Damaris Gardiner, aged eighty-fout'
years; a member of the Monthly Meeting of Friends
of Philadelphia.
THE FRIEND.
A Religious and Literary Journal.
VOL. LXX.
SEVENTH-DAY, TENTH MONTH 31, 1896.
No. 15.
PUBLISHED WEEKLY.
Price, if paid in advance, $2.00 per annum.
Eh)wiN P. Sellew, Publisher,
No. 207 Walnut Place,
(Sjuthfrom Walnut Street, between Third and Fourth,)
PHILADELPHIA.
Articles designed /or iiisertioji to be addressed to
JOSEPH WALTON,
MoORESTOWN, BURLINC4T0N Co., N. J.
Entered its second-class matter at Philadelphia P. O.
3iary and Letters of Deborah Brooks Webb.
(Continued from page 100.)
TO L. II. IS.
" Philadelphia, First Month 12th, 1S62.
"Thy inner life, whether it is one of conflict
of joy unspeakable, often interests the syni-
ipathies of thy friend. Hast thou enjoyed this
day? To me it has been a season of renewal of
the covenant made just three years ago, by my
dear mother's dying bed. Seeing so fully my
3wn impotency and weakness to take one good
step of myself, I could humbly pra}', ' If thou
wouldst be with me and keep me in the way
[that I go,' etc.
"One time thou said if thou took thy vows
thou wouldst keep them. It struck me very
forcibly then, knowing that without constant
watchfulness and prayer and dependence on
Him, it could not be done. May this be thy
happy lot! How sweet it is to l)e passive in
his hand. Peaceful poverty of soul seems to be
ray portion to-night. In the world ye shall
have tribulations, but in me peace. 'Be of good
cheer I have overcome the world.'
"Thy loving friend,
"D. B."
TO H. L. B.
"Philadelphia, Third Month 25th, 1802.
"My letters are often written in much fear,
knowing how prone my heart is to vanity. ' Re-
move far from me vanity and lies, feed me with
food convenient for me,' is such a profitable
humiliating prayer. Since thou was here I have
thought so frequently, Can there be any possi-
bility of my precious Laura ever turning back
in heart to the lying vanities of the world ?
Didst thou see that stirring appeal, ' The for-
gotten sheaf,' in last week's Friend? Oh ! for
preservation, is the prayer of my heart for us
both. Oh ! for more of his life and power dwell-
ing daily in us, that we might know more of
Him and of the power of his resurrection, being
made conformable to his death.
" I cannot divest myself of the desire that
thou shouldst be a Friend, a Quaker indeed
before Him. Sometimes it seems to me, that if
this deep 'Life, light and immortality' were
really brought to light in thy soul, thou couldst
never find it required of thee to turn away from
us. It often seems so to me when I hear of any
one being disowned, did they know this deep,
inward walk with God, those white blood-wash-
ed and spotless robes wiiich real Friends e.K-
perience? . . .
May He keep and preserve us, and may He
bless us, has often been my prayer when bowed
in humble supplication before Him who sees
in secret. With prayers and suplications and
thanksgiving let us make known our requests
unto God. May our Saviour manifest himself
and his will more and more fully unto thee, is
the sincere, farewell prayer of thy poor friend,
" D. B."
TO L. H. B.
" Philadelphia, Fifth Month 1st, 1862.
" Dearest L. my heart .seems again to fill full
toward thee, and I sincerely hope tiiou mayest
be enabled to ' Leave all and follow Him.' It
is indeed a comfort to know thou believest only
in the baptism of his holy consuming fire and
the washing of regeneration.
"I am sorry if thou thinks Friends believe
they are the only ones that are pure and holy,
for we do not think so. Everyone that walks
in holiness before the Lord is accepted of Him.
One thing though is certain, our profession is
higher than that of any other, and those of us
who live entirely up to it, are favored with the
presence of the Lord dwelling and walking in
them, as He has promised to all who have his
commandments and keep them. Others have
attained and can attain the same by minding
his blessed inspeaking voice.
" In that love which I pray may more and
more fill our hearts and souls until we are like
Him, all love and holiness, I remain thy en-
deared friend, '• D. B."
TO L. H. B.
" Philadelphia, Eighth Month 4th, 1862.
" How I have longed really and truly to
know that I did give real worship in meetings,
real, true, living worship and silent adoration
of the Almighty and our Saviour. Dost thou
not think this pure and heavenly stream can be
felt? May our Heavenly Father introduce us
both into all purity before Him. '■ D. B."
TO L. H. B.
"Philadelphia, Ninth Month oOth, 1862.
"Lately I have been reading in Job Scott.
Last week I commenced his treatise on baptism,
and it seemed so clear no one could doubt in
regard to these ordinances being fulfilled, after
reading it. I so much wished thou could read
it, not that I want to harass or perplex thee, but
it is so clear and conclusive. " D. B."
1862.— Twelfth Month 7th.— Job Scott says,
" Oh ! Lord enable me to walk circumspectly as
an example of true sobriety, gravity and holi-
ness among those whose hearts thou has touch-
ed."
14th. — How much of life, light, joy and peace
I felt to-day in meeting. I have longed for it
so long, and to-day I tasted it. I hope I was
not deceived. Oh ! that I may be helped to
become more and more like a little child. Give
me an entrance into thy Kingdom of life. (Jh,
my God and Saviour, I have slipped ."ome thi.s
week. Thy mercy, oh. Lord, has held me up.
Help me the coming week to live only to thee.
Thou art everlastingly worthy of all glory and
honor.
28lh. — An ancient Friend said, "If only one
in a meeting was gathered to the Lord, it went
through the whole meeting."
186;i — First Mo. 4th. — I commenced the new
year in watchfulness and prayer, and thought I
should continue, but being invited into com-
pany twice I went, thinking to keep watchful
and weighty, and succeeded in part, but my
kind Heavenly Father knows what is best for
me and has commanded silence, so I feel un-
happy for having gone and indulged in conver-
sation. I shunned the cross thinking to make
my friends feel more comfortable. I feel par-
don this night after repentance and renewal of
covenant.
TO L. II. B.
" Philadelphia, First .Month 18th, 1863.
" I wish thou couldst feel our Saviour as near,
as He in his mercy has drawn to ray soul this
week. It seemed as if I could embrace Him in
ray arras and say with Thomas, ' My Lord and
my God.' This is the experience I have so long
craved, ' He that acknowledgeth the Son hath
the Father also.'
" Dearest L. faint not ! We shall reap in due
time if we faint not. He will arise with heal-
ing in his wings, and ' the Lord whom ye seek
shall suddenly come into his terajjle.' The fol-
lowing text is so sweet : ' The ransomed of the
Lord shall return and come unto Zion with
songs and everlasting joy upon their heads, they
shall obtain joy and gladness, and sorrow and
sighing shall flee away.' Let us submit to every
cross that will make us pure in his holv sight,
that we may be of his ransomed and redeemed
in the end.
"Thv deeplv attached and loving friend,
" D. B."
To L. H. B.
"Fifth .Month 18th, 1863.
"I often sympathize with thee in thy wish to
depart for that home and be firever at rest
with Him whom thy soul loves. But the ques-
tion always arises, have I sowed all the good
seed I could ? have I glorified Him as He would
have me to do ? and then comes the prayer to
be more dedicated. Oh ! for a heart as passive
as clay, bowed to every intimation of his holy
will, however greatly in the cross to mine ! He
is good, I know He is, and I know thou enjoys
his good presence sometimes. Then let us be
content with all He gives, saying, 'Thv will be
done,' " b. B."
TO L. H. B.
'• Si.xth Month 7th, 1863.
" To-day in morning meeting I was afraid of
feeling dull and of passing the time unprofita-
bly, but soon remembering our conversation, it
came into my mind to examine and see if I am
really in the exact faith I profess. The bare
114
THE FRIEND.
Tenth Mo. 31, 1896
prospect of ever joining any other Society
passed before me; could I enjny other minis-
try ? ' Freely ye have received freely give,'
came for my answer. Could I be baptized?
Our Saviour baptizes with the Holv Ghost. I
want the answer of a clear conscience. And
my communion I want it always with my Sa-
viour, in the kingdom of heaven in my heart.
" ' E.xcept ye eat the flesh of the Son of Man
and drink his blood, ye have no life in you.'
It IS the Spirit tkat quickeneth, the flesh profit-
eth nothing. Soon John Stokes arose with the
words, ' One Lord, one faith, one baptism,' then
the thoughts came not two baptisms. The apos-
tle declared that John said, ' He shall baptize
you with the Holy Ghost and with fire.'
" Oh ! Laura, 1 kept thinking of thee all the
time, or so frequently. Friends never sino-
aloud, probably when the heart is full they
make melody in spirit. I often feel as if I
could sing aloud of his love, his praise, his good-
ness, and of his mercy, but I would not like to
have to sing always when others did, I might
be sad. These were my reflections, and so I
came to the conclusion that I was a Friend in
principle ; but oh ! to be a true living Quaker
to walk daily and hourly in the light of the
Lord, to have fellowship with and love for others
and to know his precious blood to cleanse from'
all sin, and to be fitted to join the song of the re-
deemed in heaven ; this is what I long for And
what a sweet thought it is to realize that our
Saviour can do it all for us. In Him dwelleth
all the fulness of the Godhead bodily.
"" D. B."
Returning to the diary, she says-
Second Mo. 1.5th.— Oh! my God, thou only
knoweth the longings of my soul after purity
hand or to the left. How I desire it for The
week. Help, oh Lord, for vain is the help of
man, my own resolutions are nothino- unless
thou condescends to keep me to them °
Third Month Ist.-Be willing, oh, ray soul,
to be anything or nothing, to put my mouth in
the fl list, if so be, there may be a resurrection
with Christ, an entrance into the glorious liberty
of the children of God, and into that good land
flowing with milk and honey. How my soul
longs to taste of the joys of thy salvation, and
yet turns aside continually from the bitterness
of the cross. I have said this day, if the cup
cepti drink it, "Thy will
very Jittle, but recommended to her and those
about her as much stillness an<l inward retire-
ment as they could attain, and to seek the Fa-
ther and Fountain of all sure mercies; feeling
little or no evidence respecting her life or death,
acceptance or rejection by the Lord ; yet I ex-
pressed a hope that a little longer time would
be given, remembering the compassion of Christ
to the thief on the cross. This proved to be the
case ; during which time my mind was brought
under an unusual travail, both by day and
night, on her account."
Before the removal of this young woman an
evidence was granted that there was mere) for
her with the Lord, and that her warfare was
accomplished.
The travail of spirit which M. Routh passed
through is an experience of which Christians
often partake, either on their own account, or
for the sake of others towards whom their minds
are turned. We believe such often feel that
they must abide under this exercise, and not
lightly cast it ofl", but let it have its perfect
work upon them.
The Sass-Wood Ordeal.
When the Cape Palraas and Rock Town peo-
ple were at war, a young man from Garraway
went to look on, and, standing too near, was shot
in the leg. After a few weeks he died. His
brother who came home to see him, got there
just a few hours after he was buried. He, in
turn, had not been home more than ten days
when he was taken sick and soon died. For
two brothers, strong young men, to be taken
thin a few weeks in this way was an occasion
of superstition among the people. They all
believed that some witch had been the cause of
tjieirdeath^ although they say when a person
pass not from me,
be done."
22nd.— Week after week the desire for entire
holiness and dedication seems to grow brighter
and deeper, but do I really submit? I have
done so a good deal this week, but not all the
time. Oh ! to live soberly, godly and right-
Fourth-dav.— This evening I read that Moses
was to take the oil and spices, a sweet incense.
How much I need to seek the holv oil, the Holy
Spirit, lor w;ith the help of that only, can I
ctter .sweet incense unto thee, oh ! my God
How 1 long to bless and praise thee, audglorify
thee this night, but I feel so unworthy.
(To be continued.)
Ix the meraorarida preserved by Martha
Kouth of her religious visit to America, she
mentions that when in New England she went
ressot mind trom the fear
life, and
reat di;
The morning after the last young man died
we went to town. They had" made up a bed
with boxes, spread his mat upon them, and laid
him out there. The body was washed and the
face streaked with paint. A large new cloth
had been put over him; beads were strun<^
about his neck ; a pipe lay on his chest, with
the stem toward his mouth, and a comb by his
head. They had built a canopy over him for
a shade, and for decorating used cloth of all
kinds and colors, hats, caps, coats, and umbrel-
las. Tables and stands were set around the
house, with looking-glas.ses, pictures, and all
kinds of fancy and common dishes on them—
a regular variety store, as it looked.
As we approached the town we heard the
ca 1 of the"Quee"— a secret society of men
called by .wme " the Devil Society," though the
native name is " Quee." We knew when we
heard them that they would not bury the man
without palaver, and most likely would accuse
some one and would compel him or her to drink
the sass-wood. We went at once to the head
man of the Quee, and I begged him not to ^ive
sass-wood. He was in a great hurry, and did
not w-ant to be talked to ; but I caught his arm
and held him with both my hands. I knew
him well. At last he said he would not allow
sass-wood to be given. I asked him if he meant
It and he said he did.
Several men came to persuade me not to have
anything to do with the case, and wished to
hut me up in a house. But I said, "D,m't
anybody dare put hands on me." I knew that
lok hold
me they would s......
that the work of preparation'for'e^ernitvwaJIcnJt'rf"'''^ ^'°'' '^ "'^s against their
outdoors, all the native women being shut ur
in their houses and not daring to open the dooi
till they received permission from the society
If a woman sees the Quee she has to pay e
heavy fine, and all the women and girls ar<
afraid to go out while the Quee is at work, foi
they are taught, and believe, that it is realh
the devil that has come to town. It is only tb(
warriors, of course, dancing, singing, and beat
ing drums and cymbals; and the devil isamai
blowing a whistle with a peculiar note.
I started back to where the corpse was. Oi
my way I came to where the chiefs were talk
ing, and I sat dcnvn with them and listened
They spoke very encouragingly for a few min
utes, as if they had determined not to resort t<
the sass-wood, then turned to me and said :
" Teacher, do you bear what we say ?" '
" Yes," I answered, "and if you do as yoii
say here and not give any sass-wood I shall b(j
very glad."
They all rose up to go where the corpse was
but did not know what to do with me, for tht
Quee had now passed through the town ant
gone tc ask the dead body who had killed him
I saw they were confused and said :
"Come on, I am going too."
"O no," they replid, "Woman no fit to g(
there to-day. Don't you see all women go in
side?^ You must go inside."
" No," I said, " I can't go in any house to-day
I am going to see what you men are doing."
I then led the way. Some said to me, " No
don't go there. But I laughed, and then the)
laughed. We walked along, I about two stepi
ahead of them, till we came close to the place
They had run a rope and hung cloth over it
thus inclosing a small yard, and inside this th(
Quee was at work. As soon as they saw rat
some one called out, " O, there is teacher!" I
said, " Yes, and who is there?"
With that I drew the curtain aside anc
shoved my way through the warriors, who wert
seated in a circle inside the curtain. The)
hushed the devil and got him out of the ring
Some scolded, some proposed to carry me int(
the house, and some laughed. I marched round
the circle and said that I had come to bury tbt
man, and that it was lime now to carry him tc
the grave. Some of the men took hold of mj
arm and said, " Come and sit down, teacher .
come inside, the sun is too hot. But I told
them that I had not come to sit down, and that; '
I had an umbrella. I told them how foolish il: ■
was to have such a performance over a dead. ■
man, and that we all must die, and then preach-
ed Jesus to them. Meantime, the Quee had re-
moved into a liou.se and were going througt
their performances there. After giving them
enough for a funeral sermon I went into a
house for a few minutes for a drink of water,
and then came back and sat down with the
kings and chiefs.
They told me that it was the devil that was
causing the wonderful e.xcitement and making
the queer noise.
" No," answered I ; "I can tell you who it
is."
" Who is it?" they asked, supposing I did not i
know, because the identity of the man who im-
personates the devil is a great secret among
them.
■' It is Zanier" (Butterfly), I replied ; "that
is his house," pointing to iit.
The kings were much surprised and said :
" Just look, teacher knows everything. Who
has been to tell you ?"
" It is not hard to tell who that is," said L
Mo. 31,
THE FRIEND.
15
It is not a secret. It is uot only you who do
his iiiiid of fashion. The time I went up Ca-
■alla Kiver 1 saw the people do this, ami the
iiian we took as a guide to the Falls was the
inan who played 'devil.' We sat in town and
iaw it all. Wheil we would not go into the
louse they covered him with a blanket, and
Ivhen they were through they carried him into
ihe bushes and he soon came round tha other
lide ready to go with us, and we all started up
he river."
The kings and chiefs all laughed and thought
t a fine joke, but said that I must not tell the
:vomen. I did not make any promises.
! Soon a young man came to tell me that they
lad taken a woman to give her sass-wood. I
xent out in the bush where they were. Some
)f the younger men were there, but none of the
leadmen who had authority to stop the pro-
;eediugs. As the younger men would not be
lersuaded, but said that unless the " big " man
ient them word they could not let the woman
50, I left them and went into the town to find
;he headmen. I had been in town only a few
minutes when they brought in the woman. She
had drank the sass-wood — three basinsful — and
carried the wooden basin in her hand. The
driver behind her had the pot in which the
jiquid had been mixed, and he cried out, " A
witch ! a witch ! a witch !"
[ About three o'clock in the afternoon they
buried the man ; and the accused woman vom-
ited the sass-wood before night. But they
would not admit that she was innocent, and
^ook her back to drink more next morning. I
did not go. But the Christian men from our
1" Zion " village and some of the kings went to
ibeg for the woman ; and they let her go and
did not give her any more sass-wood. The Quee
concluded to let the matter drop.
After several days had passed the women
themselves took up the case. They said that
the men did not have "a strong heart" to do
anything, .so they were going to find the witch.
There is no regular society among the women,
like the Quee; but they all join together when
they wish to accomplish anything, and the men
'are afraid of them, for they say that the women
are stronger witches than the men.
' One evening while still in this town we were
disturbed after retiring by some person at the
door calling the woman of the house. She lay
asleep on her mat, with her infant by her.
Being awakened, she answered the call and
opened the door to see who it was. As she did
so I saw several persons there, and heard them
call out, " Whee! wheel" She went out, shut-
ting the door after her, and they all went off.
This was new to me. I called one of the girls
and asked what it meant. At first she did not
know; but after listening to the conversation
of the people outside she said they were catching
people to give them sass-wood.
At that moment the family with whom we
were staying rushed into the house, threw thera-
selve on the floor, and began to cry. We got
up and dressed. I went out to "find Seere,
whose house we were in and whose wife they
had taken. He told me they had caught five
persons. Everybody was quiet, fearing what
would come next, and daring to tell me hardly
anything.
(To be continued.)
Pictures, or Baxk Notes. — An old woman
in Scotland was living in the most abject pov-
erty. Her neighbors thought it strange, know-
ing that she had a son in America reputed to be
in comfortable circumstances. One day one of
them ventured to ask her about the matter.
" Does your son never send you money."
" No," reluctantly answered the mother; but,
eager to defend him against the implied charge
of forgetfulness and ingratitude, she quickly
a<lded, " But he writes nie nice long letters, and
sends me a pretty picture in almost every one
of them."
" Where are these pictures?" (juerieii the visi-
tor ; " may I see them ?"
" Why, certainly," was the answer. And the
old woman went to a shelf and took down the
old Bible, and there between the leaves lay the
"pictures" that her son had been sending her
from America through all the years.
What were they ? Nothing more or less than
bank notes, each for a considerable amount.
During all this time of need the woman had
had under her hand a sum of money sufficient
to satisfy her every want, and she did not know
it. She had looked at the pictures; she had
thought them pretty pictures ; they had been
to her reminders of her far-off son, and evidence
that he had not forgotten her, and that was all.
— The Goldm Rule.
The Schwenkfelders.
The one hundred and sixty-second anniver-
sary of the coming of the Schwenkfelders to
this county was celebrated at the Schwenkfel-
der meeting-house, Worcester.
Most of the members of the denomination
were present, for it is at once a reunion and re-
ligious event of interest. The morning session
was opened with a historical sketch of the cause
which led to the migration.
At noon a simple repast was served in the
meeting-house. Tables were spread with a jilen-
teous supply of bread, butter and apple butter,
after which the people were invited to partake
of the frugal meal. This simple and unpreten-
tious fare has been served on all these annual
occasions ever since the observance of this day
of thanksgiving.
Caspar Schwenkfeld wasaSilesian nobleman
and reformer (1490-1562), who could not see
his way clear conscientiously to pledge alle-
giance to any one of the great religious sects, and
thus continued to work for the advancement of
Christ's kingdom independently of these bodies,
and yet as far as possible, in harmony with them.
Believing it inconsistent with the professions
of a Christian to take up arms against fellow-
believers, he constantly abstained from defend-
ing or upbuilding his views by use of worldly
power or force. Up to the time of the flight
from Silesia to Sixony, in 1720, the faithful
followers of Schwenkfeld suffered many miseries
and afflictions. Here, under the protection of
Count Zinzendorf, who afterwards paid a visit
to Eastern Pennsylvania, they found refuge and
rest for a time, but at last notice came that even
he could protect them no longer.
They consequently started from Saxony in
April, 173-1, for Pennsylvania, and finally,
after great hardship, landed September 22ud,
of that year in Philadelphia. The next day
they appeared before the proper authorities
and pledged their allegiance and fidelity to the
King of England and the proprietor of the
Province of Pennsylvania. The day following,
September 24th, was observed as a day for
thanksgiving to God for his fatherly care over
them, for delivering them from the hands of
their enemies, in giving them friends in their
dav of dire distress, for the land of the free
and the home of the oppressed, founded by
William Penn, where they had at la-st found a
place of refuge. This day has been sacredly
observed ever since by these jieople.
.Vniong (hose who spoke in the afternoon was
Profes-sor ()<car S. Kriebel and Rev. \Vm.
Anders. It is learned that Professcjr Chester
Hartrauft, of Hartford, Conn., a descendant of
the Schwenkfelders, has for a number of years
had representatives at work in Europe tracing
'Mit and arranging the numerous old records re-
lating to the denomination. These are to be
published in book form. To-day's attendance
was the largest for years, nearly every member
being present.
To-day the denomination in America num-
bers between fix hundred and eight hundred
members, all of whom live in the territory em-
braced within the three counties already men-
tioned. They have a number of meeting-houses.
Up to a few years ago the Schwenkfelders
always selected their ministers from among the
members, without paying attention to special
ministerial training. In the lower section this
method is still in vogue, but the upper portion
of the church, which includes tlvose of Berks,
has a paid minister, educated both in an Ameri-
can university and abroad. He is Prof. O. S.
Kriebel, Principal of Perkiomen Seminary, who
belongs to one of the old Schwenkfelder fami-
lies.— Selected.
How the Women Vote in Colorado.
The writer has frequently been asked regard-
ing the practical workings of women's suffrage
in the West. The following remarks may prove
interesting to some. Colorado and Wyoming
are the two States where women vote, but there
is evidence that in this as in other matters, some
of the older and more conservative States will
soon follow.
I recall a beautiful autumnal morning two
years ago, when from our front porch in Den-
ver, was observed what would in the East be a
very novel sight. The time was almost seven
o'clock. About one block away were the polls.
Near by were the pretty stone and pressed brick
houses. The city stretched away towards the
West. Beyond arose the purple hills, whilst
over all towered the mountains of glistening
white against a sky of richest blue. In the
foreground nearly one hundred people were in
line waiting for the polls to open.
Soon my wife and myself joined the proces-
sion. The sexes were about equally divided.
In the row were young and old, young married
people, a few children in arms, and a baby-
coach or so, were close to hand. Everybody
was well dressed, all were chatting, and all were
just as polite to one another as if at a party.
The women especially seemed to enjoy to the
full the privilege granted them of exercising the
universal franchise given to the adult citizens
of Cjlorado. They all understood how to vote,
and could operate under the Australian system
as deftly as any men.
Politics for a few weeks previous had been
very, very warm throughout the State, and the
women had taken an active part therein. The
Populist ticket had been exceedingly distaste-
ful to most of the women, largely for personal
re-asons. They did not like the candidate for
Governor on that ticket. He was a profane
old man, and that fact settled him as far as
they were concerned. Men may not bother
much about such matters, but women will, and
in this case they worked hard !■) secure his
downfall. Women speakers had addressed large
116
THE FRIEND.
atlernoon mass meetings, where the moral and
family side of puliiical tuiestions had been ablv
presented. Clubs had been organized, com-
posed exclusively of women. These clubs had
at least twice made up into evening trolley-
parties, and had paraded over the city. All
was orderly, and the women properly escorted.
This brief description may outline a typical
campaign in Colorado. The feminine Voters
won a splendid victory ; and the vanquished
candidate admitted that they had been the
cause of his defeat.
Some of us, who were originally educated to
the belief that enthusiasts were the only advo-
cates of women's suffrage, have discovered our
error. In Colorado almost everybody believes
in it ; and it seems satisfactory to everyone ex-
cept to professional politicians, keepers of beer-
shops, and the less desirable strata of society.
Some people express a fear that voting tends
to injure women, and place them in situations
calculated to shock their finer sensibilities. This
in actual practice is not the case; in fact when
men raise women to an equality with themselves
at the polls, their own behavior is greatly im-
proved. Rowdyism and bad language ceases,
and indeed are as quickly resented as anywhere
else where women are present. In 1894 the
warmest political battle ever contested in Colo-
rado was positively dreaded by many who an-
ticipated serious trouble. Yet not a man was
killed on that day, although murder had often
before been committed at times of less excite-
ment. Nor have I ever heard of domestic irri-
tation resulting from different members of a
family voting different tickets. The woman who
votes is notoue whit changed. She is not thereby
made either " strong-minded," assertive, or fool-
ish. A Western man thinks none the less of
his wife, sister, or loved one, because she is on
the same level of citizenship as himself, but
rather thinks all the better of her and her capa-
bilities. It would be a poor estimate of her that
would fancy the reverse.
It is noticeable that women generally enjoy
voting. It gives them something to talk about
outside of their domestic duties, or shopping, or
small talk. Sometimes they hesitate to go the
first time to the polls. But when once the ice
is broken they are eager to again mark the
magic slip of paper which so surely expresses
their judgment and views. There seems quite a
fascination in helpingto makealdermen, mayors,
governors and presidents.
_ The average woman, I believe, more appre-
ciates her political responsibility than does the
average man. There is reason for this. She of
all others demands desirable school directors,
and good school houses for her children. She
enjoys good streets. She, even more than does
a man, appreciates the need of efficient police
and fire departments. She practically thinks of
.sewerage or of other matters bearing on the
health of her family, and she also considers
them in connection with the taxes which she
or her husband contribute towards the public
welfare. She has forced upon her consideration
the laws governing the liquor traffic, and other
social questions. A man thinks about his party,
but a woman does not seem to do so to the same
extent. She also more closely scans the moral
character of candidates than does a man.
I have observed that women take time to in-
vestigate political subjects. Thev really seem
to get a great deal of enjoyment, as well as in-
formation, out of such matters. This especially
applies to tho.se who have some leisure. But
what if they do lake the time for such work ?
The result is beneficial to them and to the com-
munity. Is it not better for them to occasionally
go to a lecture, and to exercise some downright
persuading with others to vote on the best
side, rather than to pass the same hours in the
useless formalities of afternoon teas or superficial
society calls ?
But some objector will say that all those
women who work for the " best side," are offset
by careless voters on the other side. Experi-
ence shows that this argument is largely without
foundation. As a matter of fact Christian
women take hold, and zealously work for what
they apprehend is best for the community, whilst
those who have little principle will often even
let their rights to the franchise go by default.
The ignorant, the vicious and the poor, do not
take the same interest in politics as do the edu-
cated, the moral and the well-to-do. The latter
kind of women will organize, and make their
organizations tell, when the former will not
have either the time or ability to do so. All
these conditions are the reverse of what we often
see amongst men in politics.
To illustrate, I have seen about one hundred
men and women meet in a parlor of an evening,
hold a caucus, elect delegates, go to the pri-
maries the next day, and "break the slate"
made by unconscionable politicians, who would
be suddenly appalled at the frustration of all
their wire-pulling and hopes. Such eflTorts largely
carried on by women are valuable to a com-
munity, and can only be the outgrowth of a
healthy Christian citizenship.
Western people do not blindly follow the lines
of thought laid down for them either by trad
tion, or newspapers. They look at all sides of
a question, and then pursue what they consider
is proper. So the men of Colorado think that
intelligent and honored womanhood should not
be deprived of rights which are so freely ac-
corded to the uneducated and to foreigners.
They believe that to tax women and then refuse
them a voice at the polls, is " taxation without
representation." This in itself is unfair, and
contrary to the genius of our institutions.
Wm. C. Allen.
MooRESTowN, N. J., Ninth Month 29th, 1896.
For "The Friend."
The Great Rift Valley.
Among the numerous works describing the
exploration of Eastern Africa, is the one re-
cently issued by J. W. Gregory, of the British
Museum, narrating his experience during a jour-
ney in 1892-3. The caravan started from Mom-
hassa, on the shores of the Indian Ocean, about
four degrees south of the Equator. Its general
route was northwest. It reached Lake Baringo.
The principal objects of the expedition were
geological and geographical. They met with
the usual difficulties of African explorers— want
of food and water, trouble from hostile or sus-
picious native tribes, sickness and obstructions
from swamps and bushes. On their return jour-
ney, a visit was paid to Mount Kenya, a lava
peak of 17,500 feet elevation.
While encamped on its slope, Gregory says,
" In the morning the men came to tell me that
the water they had left in their cooking-pots
was all bewitched. They said it was white and
would not shake. They begged me to look at
It, and I told them to bring it to me. They de-
clined, however, to touch it, and implored me
to go to it. The water of course had been frozen
solid. I handled the ice and told the men they
were silly to be afraid of it, for this change "
mountains. I put one of the pots on the fire,
and predicted it would soon turn into water
again. Themen satround and anxiously watched
it; when it had melted, they joyfully told rae
that the demon was expelled, and I told them
they could now use the water ; but as soon as
my back was turned, they poured it away, and
refilled their pots from an adjoining brook.
Lake Baringo lies in a great depression oi
trough, which begins with the Dead Sea, ex-
tends down the Red Sea, and ends at Tangan-
yika. This depression is called by modern geog-
raphers the Great Rift Valley, and extendi
about four thousand miles from the Lebanon
Mountains in Syria almost to the Cape of Good'
Hope. Scattered along its floor is a series o)
over thirty lakes, of which only one has an out-
let to the sea.
The part of the Rift Valley visited by Greg
ory is bordered by an immense plain of lava
which does not appear to have been poured
forth from volcanoes, but to have came through
numerous openings scattered over the area, and
to have had its origin in great subterranean laka'
or pools of melted rock. The removal of the
contents of these lakes and the spreading of then
over the surface has destroyed the equilibrium
that before existed and led to great earth move-
ments, and by the sinking of the surface rocks
these rift valleys have been formed. This has
probably taken place at intervals, and not bj
one simultaneous action. Our author states thai
the region was the scene of one of the twc
greatest series of volcanic outbursts known in
the world's history. " One region has been raised
and another depressed ; in one place a fiord has
been opened from the sea, and then separated
from it; elsewhere a line of movement has re-
versed the direction of rivers, and transferred
lakes from one river system to another. The
evidence of these changes is apparent on every
hand. Soars of great earth movements, extinci
volcanic craters, dried lake basins, and old
river beds, show the structural instability of the
region of the great Rift Valley.
J. W.
The Debt of Christendom to Africa.
Amongst the great divisions of the world, i(
has fallen to the lot of Africa to suflfer a long
series of injuries from the other Continents
— from Europe, Asia, and even from distant
America. For centuries, the infamous slave-
trade spread massacre and misery along hei
coasts and far into the interior. And even
to this day, the most shocking cruelties are
still perpetrated by Mahommedan slave-hunters
amongst myriads of the wretched inhabitants oi
East Africa. In former years, Briton, Yankee,
and Portuguese were scarcely less brutal in other
portions of the Continent. And, notwithstand-
ing the formal abolition of the slave traffic by
Europe and America, there is little doubt but
that, in various f )rras, many a dark deed of op-
pression and fraud is still caused by whites
along the African coasts, although such occur-
rences may seldom obtain publicity in the news-
papers at home.
In the present century, the Dutch inflicted a
long course of barbarities upon the Hottentots
and Kaffirs in the South. Nor are the native
blacks, to this day, treated by the Dutch Boers
in a manner at all consistent with the highly
Scriptural professions of these white immigrants.
The British also have waged war after war with
Kaffirs, Matabeles, and other tribes, and have
done much to make both the name of England
f^^ '■' u""c iiiuim w mant! [)o[n ine name or ii,ngiana
the top. of high I and of Christ hateful to the aboriginal inliabit-
nil Mo. 31, 1896.
THE FRIEND.
117
nt3. Tlie Portuguese settlements have, in many
ays, lieen a curse to the Africans. The Fieuch
reatraent of the Arabs in Algeria is of historic
lotoriety for inhumanity ; whilst their arrival in
iladagascar has plunged that unhappy island
iito a sea of trouble and misery, which has in-
lolved also, even in the present year, the de-
truction of hundreds of Christian churches
ind chapels. The Belgians in the Congo Free
stale, and the Germans in the East, have only
if recent times invaded the soil of Africa, but
'hey, too, have already some very dark spots
ipon the record of their procedure there. Even
n Morocco, which geographically occupies a
jQsition close to Western civilization, the offi-
lial representatives of Christian nations have
00 often allowed greed and injustice on their
)art to introduce gross evils, especially in con-
leclion with the protection of fraudulent agents,
^hose actions are a source of much suffering to
he native population.
: Altogether, to the poor African, from Cape
i3on to the Cape of Good Hope, and from Cape
n'^erde to Cape Guardafui,the advent of progress-
ng Christians, throughout the ages, has been
issociated with rapine and slavery, with mas-
lacre and lust, with poisonous alcohol, and with
■oDstant spoliation of goods and estate. Even
ivithin the last decade, the European nations of
flight and leading" have stolen by wholesale
I'rom the natives myriads of square miles of terri-
;ory, without right and without compensation
■—and solely by the power of sheer violence —
be justification of the highway-man and the
•jirate. Germany, France, England and Italy
•an plead, for their recent aijpropriations of
■Vfrican territory, only the old warrant of feudal
jrigandage and Viking terrorism. Thus Africa
las been the bleeding victim of three Continents.
And to counterbalance all this wickedness
ind violence, what has Christianity done for
fler ? The Christian Governments, as such, have
rlone almost nothing, except evil. It is true
::hat in Egypt the British Government has se-
3ured certain advantages and improved admin-
istration for the poor peasantry of that down-
trodden land. But when the motives and causes
Df this interposition are looked into, all the
merit disappears. For it had its origin in the
outcry of selfish bondholders and usurers, and
was preceded by the utterly unjustifiable and
wicked bombardment of Alexandria. Then,
too, Belgium may have done a little good for
the Congo region ; but here, again, the motives
must not be too closely analyzed. Germany has
tried to push a trade in Africa — but, of course,
for her own interests. As to France, Portugal
and Italy, their African record is so black as to
be scarcely relieved by one white spot.
The best that can be said for really Christian
influence in Africa is that it has been exerted
through a comparatively small number of pri-
vate individuals — chiefly missionaries of the
Cross — by such true heroes as Moffat and Liv-
ingstone, and by Bishops Colenso, Callaway,
Mackenzie, and Hannington. But what were
they amongst the overwhelming legions of slave-
stealers and man-slayers?
The voice of Africa has, doubtless, ascended
before the supreme and final Judge of all ; and
solemn retrilDution will one day be exacted.
But meanwhile, in the interests of peace and
righteousness, it is incumbent upon every Chris-
tian nation and community deeply to consider
its own responsibility and debt to Africa. And,
in particular at the present time, looking at
what has taken place in Rhodesia and the Sou-
dan, both the British Government and the
British people have need to take this responsi-
bility very seriously to heart. For it must in-
deed be a serious matter, in the regard of the
Highest. — Herald of Pt:ace.
MY FRIENDS.
IBERT HEVEKLY HALE.
Slow as I journey on from day tu day,
I come en ulher wanderers in ray palli,
Some sad, some singing;, some in bitler wrath,
And some who join me for a little way —
Not always very far. Perhaps we see
That one step moves too slow and one too fast ;
Some I have overtaken, loved, and passed,
.And some there are who would not wait for me.
Some cross my march just once — across the lawn
I hear a footstep ; we shall almost meet !
Alas ! we may not slay too long to greet,
A nod, a pleasant word — and he is gone!
How many million friends there are whose lot
Keeps them outside my path for life's short while
But throQgh the distance and the dark I smile,
For 1 can love them though I see them not.
FORBEAR.
Forbe
r, when er an unjust taunt
Shall quickly flash thine eye.
And flush thy cheek with swift desire
To give some sharp reply.
Forbear; wrath only kindles wrath,
And stirs up passion's fire;
While answering softly, mildly, lends
To check the bitterest ire.
Foibear, though some well-meaning friend.
Perchance with good intent,
Should roughly crush somesangiiine hope.
Or brilliant plan prevent.
Forbear, their wisdom may be far
Superior to thine own;
They may have built such castle«, too.
And seen tliera overthrown.
Forbear, when sickness cl lims thy care.
And murmuring accents prove,
Breathing complaining fretful tones,
Sad trials to thy love.
Forbear ; thou mayest not know how keen
The pain which seeks to iiud
Belief in feverish words, and yet
Means not to be unkind.
Forbear, when childhood's noisy mirlh
Distracts thy throbbing braiii ;
Which, pressed with many anxious cares,
Seems bursting with its pain.
Forbear — oh. do not wound their hearts,
Because thine is oppressed.
By careless or impatient tones,
When they would be caressed.
Forbear; I know 'twill cause a pang.
And many a fervent prayer.
And mighty efforts, ere thi u learn
In all things to forbear.
I H.WE just been looking over a newspaper,
one of the most painful and solemn studies in
the world, if it be read thoughtfully. So much
of sin and so much of suffering in the world, as
are there displayed, and no one seems able to
remedy either. And then the thought of my
own private life, si full of comforts, is very
startling when I contrast it with the lot of mil-
lions, whose portion is so full of distress or of
trouble. May I be kept humble and zealous,
and may God give me grace to labor in my
generation for the good of my brethren, and for
his glory ! May He keep me his by night and by
day, and strengthen me to bear and to do his
will, through Jesus Christ! — Dr. Anioli, of
Rugby, within a week of Im sudden death.
Selected for "The Friend."
A.N ]",iM.-ri.r. uF Caution and Advice to
Paue.vth, Keco.m.mendi.ng a Godly Care
FOK THE Educating their Children in a
CiIRLsTIAN CuNVEltSATION.
Dear Friends :— It having pleased the Lord
in his great mercy, to visit a people in this
latter age with the knowledge of the Truth ;
and having brought us to a certain understand-
ing that the blessings thereof are only enjoyed
ill following the Lord in the strait and narrow-
way that leads to life ; wherein, by the daily
bearing the holy cross, it hath, in a good degree,
crucified us to the world, and the world unto
us ; whereby the temptations of it become daily
more and more weakened, and our souls set
free to serve the Lord in righteousness and
holiness. And for as much, as next to our
own souls, our offspring are, or ought to be, the
most immediate objects of our care and con-
cern, being a peculiar blessing from God ; for
we ought to be thankful to Him for them, and
wait ui)on Him for wisdom from above, thereby
to be enabled rightly to discharge our duties
towards them, and then we shall be eminently
careful to be good examples to our children, as
well as diligently exercised in a conscientious
care and concern for them.
And in order to make this the more easy to
us, and effectual to them, parents should begin
with their children betimes, and endeavor to
teach them, as soon as they are capable of in-
struction, that their wills ought to be entirely
subject to the will of God, and to the good ad-
vice of their parents. And we desire particular
care inay be taken, to require nothing of them
that is unreasonable or unbecoming religious
and tender parent- ; for where a due care hath
been neglected and put off, until they are grown
up pretty far in years, it hath been often seen
by woeful experience that it is then too late to
bring them into that subjection which is their
incumbent duty.
Dear Friends, Be early careful to keep them
out of the vain fashions and evil ways of the
world, and bring them up from the first, in
plainness of language, apparel and behavior,
which may be a means to prevent their being
drawn therefrom, by the practice of others,
when they are grown up.
Be careful to bring your children, in their
young years, to meetings, not only on the First-
ilay of the week, but on other days also; which
has been of great advantage to many ; and in-
struct them to sit sober when there, and to have
an awful sense of God upon their minds, and
to be diligent in attending the testimonies of
Truth, when testimonies are born, that they
may feel the love of God to season their spirits.
And we entreat and exhort Friends to labor
with their minds, stayed in the gift of God, to
bring their children to a sense of the same gifl
in themselves, injjressing on their minds an awe
and fear towards Him, which is the beginning
of wisdom, and as they advance in years cause
them frequently and reverently to read the Holy
Scriptures, and endeavor to make them sensible
of the great love of God in sending his Son
Christ Jesus into the world ; as also, of the great
benefit of his sufferings, death, resurrection, as-
cension and mediation, in order to the great
work of salvation ; instructing them in the work
of sanctification, through his blessed Spirit, that
they may know the operation thereof, against
everything that is wrong, and thereby may come
to distinguish between good and evil in' them-
selves, and see the great benefit there is in a
sober, virtuous and religious life, and the many
118
THE FRIEND.
Tenth Mo. 31, 1896.
mischiefs and ill consequences that attend the
Contrary, that so they may embrace ihe one and
avoid the other ; for as they learn to make a
godly conversation their choice in their young
and tender years, the cross of Christ will be-
come easy unto them.
And as the minds of children are early busied
about something or other, and apt to receive
any impressions, we advise that beside the read-
ing the Holy Scriptures, they may have the ad-
vantage of reading other good books, tending
to promote the true principles of the Christian
religion.
And we earnestly exhort and entreat all
Friends, as much as in them lies, to keep their
children from reading profane books, romances
and pamphlets, which tend to infect the minds
of youth, and which children are too apt to
please themselves with.
And Friends are desired to remember, that
indulging them in pride, idleness and luxury,
is a great fault in parents, as well as of danger-
ous consequence to children, according to the
testimony of Ezekiel (xvi : 49, .50) : " Behold
this was the iniquity of Sodom, pride, fulness of
bread and abundance of idleness was in her, and
in her daughters, neither did she strengthen the
hand of the poor and needy ; and they were
haughty and committed abomination before me,
therefore I took them away as I saw good."
AVlierefore parents ought to be very careful to re-
strain their children from those things which lay
a foundation for very great evils. And when they
perceive an inclination in them to pride, to take
care no ways to promote or encourage it, but on
the contrary, as much as may be, restrain it.
And an especial concern should be early taken
to prevent a habit of idleness, and therefore
some employment, suitable to their circum-
stances, ought to be provided for them.
For those who are bred up in pride and idle-
ness, do often, if their circumstances permit it,
live in luxury and spend their thoughts (that
might be better employed), in contriving what
they shall eat and drink, and clothe themselves
withal; and sometimes can hardly invent any-
thing delicate enough for them ; so that it is no
wonder that niaoy, whose education has been
after this manner, spend their precious time
and substance about things which are prejudi-
cial to the health and welfare both of body and
soul, and reproachful to our holy profession.
And to the end that the labors and good advice
of parents may take the better effect, great care
should be taken to keep children out of bad
company, and to have such servants as are re-
ligiously inclined, sober, discreet and orderly ;
for it hath been found by experience, that such
servants who are strangers to the cross of Christ,
have been a means to turn many of our Friends'
children from the plainness and simplicity of
the Truth, and lead them into vain aud vicious
company, whereby they have been greatly cor-
rupted in their minds, and a spirit of undue
liberty hath prevailed to their great hurt.
And we believe Friends might find it profita- i
ble, as they feel the Lord seasoning their spirits
thereunto, to wait upon Him with their children
in their families for the manifestation of his
blessed power, that they may witness his seed
of life and grace in their hearts, to beget in
them a living knowledge and love of truth in
themselves, that they may come to know the
work of sanctification and regeneration ; the
consequence of which will be, that virtuous,
holy and religious conversation, which we de-
sire they may grow up in, and then they will
be an ornament to our holy profession, and be
preserved from the sorrowful effect of a loose
and vicious conduct ; aud we question not, but
as Friends are duly exercised herein, the Lord
will of his mercy open in them suitable counsel
and advice to their children and families and
will give a blessing to their sincere endeav-
ors.
And let it be also the care of Friends, at
proper seasons, to tell their children their own
experience, and what God hath done for their
souls ; for it is very often seen that the good im-
pressions that children receive in their tender
years from their parents are not easily worn
out. As the Psalmist says, " We have heard
with our ears, O God, our fathers have told
us, what works thou didst in their days, in the
times of old " (Psal. 44)
And as there is an incumbent duty on parents
in the education of their children; so the same
lies on school-masters, and therefore what is
herein recommended to parents, ought to be
put in practice (as much as may be), by mas-
ters, mistresses and tutors of children, and those
school-masters that teach the Latin and Greek
tongues should be careful not to make use (in
their several schools), of any heathen authors,
that tend to profaneuess, lasciviousness, or im-
morality.
So, dear Friends, we having an earnest desire
that Truth may prosper, and, that Zion may
become an eternal excellency, and Jerusalem
the praise of the whole earth, and your children
may follow the steps of our worthy ancients;
and, that the name of the Lord may be magni-
fied from generation to generation, do in a
Christian concern of mind recommend these
things to you, heartily desiring, that you may
find the same concern to put them in practice,
as has been on Friends' minds in this meeting,
to recommend them to you.
By direction of the Yearly Meeting.
LoNDO.v,the twenty-ninth of the Ninth Mo., 1723.
Archibald Crosbie and other Friends in
Scotland.
The accompanying communication, giving
detiiils of religious service in Scotland, will be
retid with satisfaction by those who are inter-
ested in watching the growth of spiritual vitality
in the northern half of the Kingdom.
It is dated from Elgin on the eighteenth of
Eighth Month, and is extracted from a letter
written to the editor, by Archibald Crosbie, just
before his return to America. We sincerely
reciprocate the feelings of the writer near the
conclusion of his letter in the retrospect of his
service on this side of the Atlantic, aud assure
him of a warm place in the esteem and love of
many Friends who have had the privilege of
his acquaintance, and who will be glad again to
welcome him should he ever feel called" to re-
visit his native land.
"I left Stavanger on the evening of the
twenty-fifth of Seventh Month, and had a rough
passage to Hull.
" Looking back on my sojourn in Norway, I
believe that it was in right ordering, and, from
the testimony of Friends aud others there, it
was evidently helpful and encouraging to them.
"Tiwugh much inclined to proceed from Hull
to Lancashire, I deemed it best to go north to
Edinburgh. On the thirtieth I attended the
usual raid-week meeting there. Going to Ar-
drossan I attended the forenoon and evenincp
meetings on First-day the 2nd inst. The com"-
pany was larger than usual. Clear evidence
was also giveu of increased appreciation of our
those recently received into mem-
bership, and by others looking in that direction.
"Returning to Edinburgh I was present at
the two months' meeting, where the sense of the
presence of the Master was very marked, and
though the number in attendance was small,
the blessing from on high was great. Several
applications for membership from attenders in
Aryshire were presented to the meeting. Rich-
ard B. Brockbank was present with a minute
of Holm Monthly Meeting, liberating him for
service in Scotland. The meeting uniting with
his concern expression was made at this token
of the Lord's continuous care of his vineyard.
Feeling some liberty to accompany R. B. Brock- [
bank during at least part of the work I was en-'
cou raged to do so.
" ABERDEEN GENERAL MEETING.
"As a first mive therein we proceeded to'
Aberdeen to attend the General meeting for '
Scotland. The Meeting on Ministry and Over-
sight was held on Seventh-day the 8th ; Walter
Robson and Mary Anne Wallis, members of the
visiting committee, appointed by the Yearly
Meeting on Ministry and Oversight, were pres-
ent. Also James and Sarah B. Clark, with
minutes of Mid-Somerset Monthly Meeting.
" The meetings for worship on First-day were
large especially that in the evening, when about
two hundred persons assembled. Several Friends'
were engaged in ministry, giving clear testi-
mony to the simplicity and power of the Gospel
of Christ. As part of the concern of Richard
B. Brockbank, a similar meeting was appointed
for Second-day evening, which proved to be an
occasion owned by the Great Head of the Church
many being impressed by the spiritual nature
of religion as perhaps they had never been be-
fore.
"The General Meeting itself was held on
Second-day morning, and though considered to
be the smallest gathering in its whole history,
its proceedings were nevertheless more than
usually interesting, affi^rding unmistakable evi-
dence of a spiritual life, and hopeful signs of
increased vigor.
"Individual faithfulness in the line of the
Lord's leading was felt and admitted to be the
great remedy for decrease of numbers, and the
basis of vitality in meetings large or small.
'After visiting some ftimilies in Aberdeen
and neighborhood, R. B. B. and myself were
present at an appointed meeting at Kimmuck,
on Third-day evening. About fifty persons
came to it from the adjoining farms, and the
power of the Lord overshadowed the worship-' i
pers, with blessings to many. The meeting- i
house here is virtually closed, being only opened'
on special occasions. The two aged Friends,^
W. and R. Gray, who reside near it, being un-'
able to go, regularly hold a meeting at home.:
The building is among the oldest in the country,) .
having been purchased from the Roman Catho-
lics in the year 1643 by R >bert Barclay, of!
Ury, Alexander Jaffrey, of Kingswells, and)
John Forbes, of Aquhorties, near Old Meldrum,!
and was long a well attended place of worship
by genuine Quaker 'Scots Worthies.'
" Concern was expressed that the mantle of
such men might yet fall on the shoulders of
baptized instruments in this day, that the pro-
clamation of truths so long loved and main-
tained by consecrated sons of the morning of
former times, might produce a real revival to
the glory of Him whose name continues to be
'The Word of God.'
" Returning to Aberdeen we left the follow-
1th Mr: 31, 18%.
THE FRIEND.
J 19
iig uKUuing for Strathpeffer in Invernessshire,
lul liiid a meeting with about eighty persons.
The occasion was a favored one, many testify-
pg to its value. Our Friends Drs. T. and F.
'"■qx, who had made the arrangements were very
elpful. On the thirteenth we were at Ding-
wall, and had a meeting there, and though the
ompany was not large we felt in our place,
celieving that good was done. At Cromarty,
hrough being unable to secure a suitable hall
p meet in but few came. We believe, however,
hat good seed was sown. At Inverness and
v^airn there seemed but little opening. Meet-
ngs at both places were held, and though these
vere the smallest companies we had we trust
hat our labor was not in vain in the Lord.
"This evening my dear Friend R. B. Brock-
lank and I will have to part from each other ;
le is looking to continue his labors in Scotland,
nd I to recross the Atlantic, which I have
hought right to do by securing passage on
Hoard the S. S. State of California, sailing from
Glasgow for New York on the 21st inst. In
'iew of that and in regard to my sojourn among
:<'riends in the three kingdoms, and in Nor-
!vay, I cannot express my sense of thankfulness
!br the manifest protection and support of my
■leavenly Father and for the loving interest
|hown to me by those under our name wherever
, have been. I did think that it might be re-
quired of me to revisit some of the meetings of
^'riends in Lancashire, but it now appears as if
hat must be left. Hoping to write again on
feaching home, I am and hope to remain ever
jhy Friend in the fullest sense." — British Friend.
For ■'THE Fbiend •'
Iowa Yearly Meeting.
Iowa Yearly Meeting of Friends convened at
Earlham, Madison County, Iowa, Tenth Mo.
(4th, 1896, in a public meeting for Divine
kvorship.
' On sitting down in solemn silence, a feeling
of littleness and dependence spread over the
iieeting, which solemnity was broken, by the
■ippearance in prayer of one of the members of
mother branch claiming the name of Friend ;
rvhich to those accustomed U> the pouring forth
)f the soul to God, under the Divine unction,
ind immediate qualification of the Holy Spirit,
IS practised by those who adhere to our an-
cient principles, seemed dry and formal ; as did
some other vocal exercises of the day, from
hose not of us; but by several living testi-
monies, our hearts were cheered to believe that
his little comp^auy, known as Conservative
Friends, have not lost their ancient banner,
3ut are struggling on, amid trials of faith, pe-
culiar to those who are " troubled on every side.
Vet not distressed ; perplexed, but not in de-
spair. " Thou hast a few names, even in Sardis,
ivhich have not defiled their garments : and they
■hall walk with me in white ; for they are
ivorthy," was the language felt on this occasion.
The meetings for business opened on Fifth-
iay morning, and were seasons of calm, delib-
erate consideration of the state of Society, and
travail of soul for the upholding of our testi-
monies in accordance with the guidance of
Truth.
The reading of epistles from the five Yearly
Meetings of Conservative Friends was comfort-
ing ami encouraging.
Reports from the Quartere composing the
meeting were read, and the answers to the
Queries brought the meeting under exercise for
the right maintenance of the precious principles
if our Society.
In a later sitting in joint session, for the pur-
pose of hearing a report from Archibald Cros-
bie, of his late religious engagement in ICurojie,
this concern was again revived, and brougiit
the meeting into a very humble and contriled
view of itself The earnest desires for preser-
vation, and f(jr a deepening in the root and
principles of life, met a response in many hearts,
while tears of contrition fell from many eyes;
and the way to a better state was pointed out
as being only through individual faithfulness
to the pointings of the Divine Finger in the
secret of every soul.
A large company of different religious de-
nominations gathered together on First-day, and
with a little exception in the morning, the two
meetings for worship were held in accordance
with the views of Friends.
That the Bible is not the " Word of God,"
although a precious instrument given forth by
Divine inspiration, was plainly and forcibly set
forth in the morning meeting. It was further
testified, that a measure of the same Light
which gave tliera forth is given to every man,
and that this spiritual Light, this quickening
power of the Spirit of Truth, in the secret of
every soul, only, can lead into a nearne.ss, a
union and communion of soul with God, which
distinguishes his true followers from the people
of the world.
In the afternoon the meeting was dipped into
an exercise in regard to the true spiritual na-
ture of Divine worship, and the audience lis-
tened with attention to the setting forth of the
principles of our profession on this point. The
conversation of our Saviour with the woman of
Samaria in regard to worship being largely
dwelt upon.
That music is no part of that worship set
firth on that memorable occasion in these
words of Christ Jesus: "God is a Spirit, and
they that worship Him must worship Him in
spirit and in truth." Also that music is an art
of man's invention, and therefore cannot tend
to draw the mind away from the things of the
world and center it upon the true object of
dedicating the soul to God, and experiencing
the Divine anointing, the washing of regenera-
tion.
Meetings for Discipline continued on Second
and Third-days, on which occasion replies to
epistles from other Yearly Meetings were read
and approved, and reports on education, re-
cording and printing minutes, etc., were read,
and committees appointed to have care of the
same this year.
The meeting ended in joint session, at which
time extracts of minutes from the Meeting for
Sufferings and the Select Meeting were read.
Under a sense of the renewings of Heavenly
love and desires for the preservation of Zion,
the meeting closed, feeling that the Father of
Mercies had condescended in love to tender the
hearts of many together, in acknowledging his
power to be over all the workmanship of his
hands.
Woman in Medicine.
In 1848 Elizabeth Blackwell wrote to several
medical colleges making inquiries as to a course
of medical study. Only one college, at Geneva,
N. Y., deigned to answer the letter, and the
story of that answer has recently been told by
Dr. Stephen Smith of New York, as follows:
"The first course of medical lectures which
I attended was in a medical college in the in-
terior of the State. The class numbering about
one hundred and fifty students, was composed
largely of young men from neighboring town.".
They were rude, boisterous, and riolc)u.>f beyond
comparison. On several occasions the residents
of the neighborhood sent written protests to the
faculty, threatening to have the college indicted
as a nuisance if the di.-'turbances did not cease.
During lectures it was often impossible to hear
the profe.'sors, owing to the confusion.
" Some weeks after the course began, the
dean appeared before the clasa with a letter in
his hand, which he craved the indulgence of the
students to be allowed to read. Anticipation
was extreme when he anncninced that it con-
tained the most extraordinary request which
had ever been made to the faculty. The letter
was written by a physician of Philadelphia,
who requested the faculty to admit as a student
a lady who was studying medicine in his office.
He stated that she had been refused admission
by several medical colleges, but as this institu-
tion was in the country, he thought it more
likely to be free from prejudice against a woman
medical student. The dean stated that the fac-
ulty had taken action on the communication,
and directed him to report their conclusion to
the class. The faculty decided to leave the
matter in the hands of the class, with this under-
standing, that if any single student objected to
her admission, a negative reply would be re-
turned. It subsequently appeared that the fac-
ulty did not intend to admit her, but wished to
escape direct refusal by referring the question
to the class, with a proviso wliich, it was be-
lieved, would necessarily exclude her.
" But the whole affair assumed a most ridicu-
lous aspect to the class, and the announcement
was received with the most uproarious demon-
strations of favor. A meeting was called for
the evening, which was attended by every mem-
ber. The resolution approving the admission
of the lady was sustained by a number of most
extravagant speeches, which were enthnsiasti-
cally cheered. The vote was finally taken with
what seemed to be one unanimous ' Yes'!' When
the negative vote was called, a single voice was
heard uttering a ' No !' The scene that followed
passes description. A general rush was made
for the corner of the room which emitted the
voice, and the recalcitrant member was only
too glad to acknowledge his error and record
his vote in favor of the affirmative. The faculty
received the decision of the class with evident
disfavor, but returned an answer admitting the
woman stuilent.
" Two weeks or more elapsed, and, as she did
not appear, the incident of her application was
quite forgotten, and the class continued in its
riotous career. One morning, all unexpectedly,
she entered the lecture-room with the professor.
She was quite .'mall of stature, plainly dressed,
appearing diffident and retiring, but had a firm
and determined expre.'siou of face. Her en-
trance into that bedlam of confusion acted like
magic upon every student. Each hurriedly
sought his seat, and the most absolute silence
prevailed. For the first time a lecture was
given without the slightest interruption, and
every word could be heard as distinctly as if
there had been but a single person in the room.
The sud<len transformation of this class from a
band of lawless desperadoes to gentlemen by
the mere presence of a lady, proved to be per-
manent in its effects. A more orderly class of
medical students was never seen than this, and
it ciuitinued to be so to the close of the terra."
— T/ie Christian.
Excusing or extenuating sin is incompatible
120
THE FRIEND.
Tenth Mo. 31, 1896
with genuine repentance, and the bane of the
age is the tendeucy to weaken the sense of guilt
by jjretenses of helplessness, weaiiness, irrespon-
sibility, or thoughtlessness. Not to design obe-
dience with the whole heart and mind is to sin
designedly. In the service of God there is no
neutrality. Forgetfulnessof Him is wickedness.
— Late Paper.
THE FRIEND.
TENTH MONTH 31, 1896.
A letter recently received from a Friend in
Queensland, Australia, says of the meeting to
which the writer belongs : " I am sorry to say
our little meeting dues not progress in the Di-
vine life as it ought to, nor in numbers. It
seems hard to convince people of the true in-
ward life in these colonies ; they love the grand
ceremonial part too much. Eloquent preachers,
grand organs, and solo singing are gaining
great power to attract people in this day ; but
true silent waiting in communion with the
Spirit, that some real good may be obtained, is
out of the heart of professors of ceremonial
forms; j'et I believe the Society of Friends do
often open the door to unbelievers, and even
show the other churches some of the glorious
truths revealed to them by the Spirit. They
are getting to be felt as God's people. Many
of the great professors have to acknowledge the
power of Christ through the Quaker family.
May the Lord stir us all up to a more earnest
work in this day, that the kingdom of Christ
may be seen to have come among men !
SUMMARY OF EVENTS.
United States. — The Arkansas Supreme CDiirt has
decuied lliat the Governor of the State has the right
to appoint members of the Legislature where vacan-
cies have been caused by death, resignations or other
causes.
The East River tunnel solieme was before the rail-
road Committee of the Brooklyn Board of Alitermen
on the 20lh instant. New Yorli city lias already given
its consent to the buiUling of the tunnel, which is iu-
tended to connect the surface lines of the two cities.
The tunnels will be 8,700 feet long and each contain
two tracks. Passengers will he carried from City
Hill, Brooklyn, to Citv Hall, New York, in two or
three minutes. It is pioposed to issue $6,0(10 000 stock
and 16,000,000 bonds. Frederick B. Esler. counsel for
the company which proposes to build the railroad
tunnel under the Ea^t River, says that it can be built
inside of a year. The cost of cmstruotion would be
§2,500,000, but rights of way, terminals, etc., would
increase the expense to $6,000,000. The passenger
traffic between New York and Brooklyn is now about
9.5,000,000 a year, and the tunnel, he thinks, would
provide the most convenient means of transit fur
three-quarters of these.
K Los Angeles despatch says that the (ir.st carload
of this season's crop of oranges was shipped on the
night of the 19th instant to Chicago, "four weeks ear-
lier than ever before."
California's fruit crop is short and dried fruits
promise to be high.
Pineapple culture thrives so at points where it has
been tried in Florida that the acreage is being ex-
tended conitantly, and importations may not much
longer be necessary. A pinery started eleven months
ago at Citra, by H. B. Sterns, has proved so successful
that others are to be established there.
Charles E. Crisp, ex-Speaker of the House of Rep-
resentatives, died in Atlanta, Georgia, on the 2ord
instant.
Tides in the Sabine River carried a floating island
of fifty acres of water hyacinths up and down stream
past Orange, Texas, for a week.
On the 26ih instant the large grain elevators of the
Chicago and Pacific elevator Company at Govac Is-
land, Chiia-o, were destroyed by fire, together with
over ft million bushnls of wheat and other grain. The
loss is estimated at $1,200,000.
Deaths in this city last week numbered 374, which
is 11 more than the previous week and 12 more than
the corresponding week of 1895. Of the whole num-
ber 178 were males and 196 females: 39 died of pneu-
monia; 33 of consumption; 31 of heart disease; 18 of
old age ; 15 of marasmus ; 15 of diphtheria ; 14 of can-
cer ; 13 of Bright's disease ; 13 of inflammation of the
stomach and bowels; 12 of apoplexy ; 12 of ursemia ;
12 of bronchitis; 12 of convulsions; 10 of membran-
ous croup, and 10 from casualties.
Markets, <fcc.— U. S. 2's, 93 a 95; 4's. reg., 107 a 107J;
coupon, 108 a 108i ; new 4's, reg., 116 a 116^ ; coupon,
117all7i;5's, reg., 110 a UOi; coupon, HI J a lllj;
currency '6's, 101 a 105.
CoTTOji was firm at 8Jc. per pound for middling up-
lands.
Feed.— Winter bran in bulk, quoted $10.50 a $11.00
spring
do.,
oks, at $10.00 a $10.50 per ton.
Flour. — Winter super, $2.55 a $2.8U ; tio., extras,
$2.90 a $3.05; Pennsylvania roller, clear, $3.45 a $3.70;
do., do., straight, $3.90 a $4.05 ; Western winter, clear,
$3.45 a $3.70; do., do., straight, $3.90 a $4.05; do.,
do., patent, $4.25 a $4.40 ; spring, clear, $3.30 a $3.55 ;
do., straight, $3.80 a $4.05 ; do., patent, $4.25 a $4.40 ;
do., favorite brands, higher. City mills, extra, $2 85
a $3.05 ; do., clear, $3.55 a $3.80 : do., straight, $3.95
a $4.20 ; do., patent, $4.55 a $4.70. Eye Flour.—
$2.75 per bbl. for choice Pennsylvania. Bucswheat
Flour.— $1.50 a $1.60 per 100 pounds for new, as to
quality.
Grain. — No. 2 red wheat, 77 a Ti\c.
No. 2 mixed corn, 30 a 30Jc.
No. 2 white oats, 25 a 26c.
Beep Cattle. — Extra, ih. a 4fc.; good, 4} a 4fc.;
medium, 4 a 4Jc.; common, 3 a 3|c.
Sheep and Lambs.— E-ttra, Z\ a 3|c.; good, 3 a SJc;
medium, 2i a 2|c ; common, 2 a 24c.; culls, 1 a Ifc;
lambs, 3 a 5c.
Hogs. — Good Western, 5^ a 5^c.; others, 5 a 5Jc.
Foreign. — Queen Victoria is busily engaged in
drawing up the programme for the fetes attendant
upon the celebration next Sixth Month of the sixtieth
anniversary of her accession to the throne. The cele-
bration will be conducted on a grander scale than was
the Queen's Jubilee in 1887. Besides the presence of
the reigning sovereigns in any way related to the
Queen, her Majesty de.sires that representatives shall
attend from all the various colonies of the Briti-h
Empire. The state pageants will last a month.
The London correspondent of the New Y'ork Tri-
bune says : "The best explanation of the advance in
the bank rate to 4 per cent., which was expected last
week, hut has surprised the money market this week,
is that it is due to the large increase in the purchas-
ing power of American wheat. While the gold ex-
ports to America have been large this week, it has
not been thought likely that they would continue,
since a large proportion of the wheat and cotton crops
has already been moved and paid for. The great rise
in wheat has increased the purchasing power of the
United Stales in the English money market to such
an extent that large exports of gold are now expected
in settlement of remaining shipments. The 4 per cent.
rale is now avowedly a precautionary measure to pro-
tect the Bank of England's gold reserve and prevent
its further depletion. With the demand for Ameri-
can wheat so great as it is now, and with the prices of
breadstuff's advancing by leaps and bounds, it is not
probable that even the high bank rate will bring gold
shipments to an end. Europe must pay for iis im-
ports either in gold or in American bonds; and the
latter are already rising with the increasing prospect
of McKinley's election, and are likely to go higher
in November."
On the 24ih inst., the civil and religious cerenionies
uniting in marriage Prince Victor Emanuel, Prince
of Naples and Crown Prince of Italy, to Princess He-
lene, third daughter of Prince Nicholas I, ruler of
Montenegro, were performed.
A despatch of the 21st from Pekin, states that Li
Hung Chang special Envoy of the Emperor, arrived
there the previous day on his return from his tour of
Europe, the United S"tates and Canada.
Li Hung Chang has been app.iinted Chinese Min-
ister of Foreign Affairs.
Another despatch says: "Hayashi Tadason, the
Japanese Minister to China, has been transferred by
his Government to St. Petersburg. Ratifications of
the Chino-Japanese commercial treaty were exchanged
here yesterday, October 20th."
An American syndicate will advance 30,000,000
taels for the construction of the Hankow-Pekin Rail-
road. The line will cross twenty-seven rivers, includ-
ing the Whang-Ho, all of which have to be bridged.
The entire works will be transferred to the syndicate.
but the shares of the company will ostensibly be helc
by China.
de Bay, a French archaeologist, has been dig
ging up the Kurgans, or old turtleback
iryinj
mounds, near Tomsk, in Siberia. Some of these, dat
ing betore the Russian conquest of Siberia, contaii
beads, earrings, knives with artistically carved bom
hafts, copper kettles, rings, bracelets and ornamenti
of silver. The oldest mound was five or six centurie
old. The mounds that were built only 300 years ag<
showed a much poorer stage of cultivation, very few
metal objects being found, and the arrow heads ant
knife blades being made of bone.
A letter has been received from William Niven
who went to Mexico last Seventh Month, that he hai
discovered the ruins of a great Aztec city. Profes
sors Putnam and Seville, of the American Museum o
Natural History, place the utmost reliance in his state
ment of what he has found. He writes that he hai
been four weeks riding among the ruins of the grea
prehistoric city of Quecohmictlepau, and finds that i
covers a much wider area than what he had first sup
posed, something like 100 square miles. He has duj
into some of the subterranean chambers of the larges
buildings, and found them filled with broken piecei
of plaster, painted bright red and white, and on thi
floors bead-^, axf s, idols and broken pottery. " I havi
already taken over 200 pictures," he writes, " and ai
least 20 per cent, are simply brilliant, and, of course
the subjects are unique. I will take about 300 mon
of them before I return, which will be about the em
of October. I found the ruins of twenty temples, in
stead of three, around Quecohmictlepau, and photo
graphed thera all. It is about seven days' ordinar;
travel on horseback from here to the City of Mexico.'
There is a scheme on foot to furnish electrics
power to the City of Mexico from peat beds nine mile I
distant, owned by Boston interests.
Jamaica has prohibited the importation of Ameri
ran cattb-.
The annual financial statement of the Dominic
Canada, for the year ending Sixth Month 30th, 1
has been made public. It shows a deficit for thi
year of $363,481, and an increase in the public debt 0
$5,528,831. The net publicdebt now aggregates $258,
528,304.
NOTICES.
Bible Association of Friends in America.-'
The .\nnual Meeting of the Corporation will be helc
in the Lecture Room of Friends' Select School, 141
N. Sixteenth Street, on Fourth-day, Eleventh Montlj
4th, 1896, at eight o'clock, p. m. George Vaux wil :
read a historical sketch of the Association. FriendiJ
generally are invited to attend. i
Elton B. Gifford, Secretary. ■;
Westtown Boarding School. — For convenience
of persons coming to Westtown School, the stage wil
meet trains leaving Philadelphia 7.17 and 8.46 A. M.
and 2.53 and 4.32 P. M. Other trains are met whei
requested. Stage fare on regular trips, fifteen cents
on special trips, twenty-five cents each way. To read
the school by telegraph, wire West Chester Phone St,
Benj'n Passmoke, Sup'l. '
Friends' Teachers' Association. — A meeting wil
be held at 140 N. Sixteenth Street, Phila., on Seventh
day. Tenth Month 3!sl, 1896, at 2 p. M., to which al
interested are cordially invited. Dr. Geo. M. Phillip.'
of the Westchester State Normal School, will addres,
the meeting on " How the World is Governtd." i
Discussion of "Civics and How to Teach It," b.l
Isaac Sharpless, Ann Sharpless, Watson W. Deweefj
Isaac T. Johnson, and others. |
Edith S. Cheney, Sec'y. !
Married, on the twenty-second of Tenth Month
1896, al Friend's Meeting-house at Moorestown, Bui
lington County. N. J., William E. Darnell, son c
Howard and Elizabeth F. Darnell, and Anna B
Matlack, daughter of George and Mary Anna Mat
lack, the former deceased.
Died, at his home near Winona, Ohio, after thrci
weeks' suffering occasioned by a fall, Edward 'V
Cope, aged sixty-five years, one nmnih and twelv
days ; a member of New Garden Monthly and Par
ticular Meeting. The calmness and resignation wit;
which he viewed the approach of death, togethe
with many peaceful expressions, leave to his faniil
and friends the consoling evidence that he has bee
gathered into that Heavenly City where suffering
are unknown.
THE FRIEND
A Religions and Literary Jonrnal.
VOL. LXX.
SEVENTH-DAY, ELEVENTH MONTH 7, 1896.
No. 16.
PUBLISHED WEEKLY.
Price, if paid in advance, $2.00 per annum.
Edwin P. Sellew, Publisher,
No. 207 Walnut Place,
(S )uth from Walnut Street, between Third and Fourth ,)
PHILADELPHIA.
Articles designed for insertioii to be addressed to
JOSEPH WALTON,
Burlington Co., N. J.
■ at Philadelphia P. O.
BhUered as second-class i
Diary and Letters of Deborah Brooks Webb.
(Continued from pa^e ill.)
; 1863.— Last day of Third Mouth.— I have
tried again and again to open my soul to the
blessed Saviour, and He has couie. I have
'aad a sight of the blessed Saviour's supper, and
perhaps tasted a little. I have resisted my sins
luostly this day. Oh ! preserve me dear Lord
ind be my Master.
' Anna Scattergood was married this day. We
'bad a silent meeting though we had valuable
ministering Friends present. How useful I find
this deep, solemn silence, it humbles and reduces
the creature and seems to bring us into the
presence of our Maker. Lord grant that I may
be more dedicated the coming month.
Fourth Month 5th. — Oh, if I could only keep
as humble as I feel to-night. I abhor myself
and repent in dust and ashes. Oh ! Lord, I
cling only to thy mercy.
' Fourth Month 4th. — Oh ! the mountains of
3orrow and opposition that seemed in my way
during morning meeting. Satan insinuates that
I may do just this and that, and so I am led
into sorrow and horror. I do beg for mercy
and strength. This afternoon more comf)rta-
ble from feeling that his yoke was again upon
my neck and in it, some rest upon his mercy
kud goodness. I am the chief of sinners, but
my Saviour grants forgiveness and says my in-
iquities shall be cast into the depths of the sea.
19Lh. — This is the anniversary of my birth-
day and the beginning of the Yearly Meeting.
I have searched myself again and again, and
resolved to devote my coming years to Him who
has in great and marvellous mercy condescend-
ed to blot out my transgressions and shortcom-
ings with his precious blood. Oh ! that I might
hold on my way !
Fifth Month 3rd. — Much has passed since I
last wrote here. Dear little Albert [a nephew]
is taken to be an angel above. Last First-day
morning, about ten o'clock, he breathed his last.
I went on with R. Stokes but feel that I was not
prayerful enough ; was enabled to watch and
be sober, but did not fast and pray all the time.
Help me, dear Lord, to learn to pray and not
to get too deeply engaged in work and forget
my continual dependence on thee for heavenly
feelings. I have poured out my heart before
thee and feel forgiven. . . . Search me, oil !
God, and know my heart, try me and kni)W my
thoughts, and see if there be any wicked way
in me and lead me in the way everlasting. . . .
Sixth Month 21st. — A day of great humilia-
tion, and a great part of the week spent in the
same way. Have mercy upon me, and helj) mc
to love thee, oh! Father, with all my heart,
mind, strength and spirit and preserve me in
thy fear all the time.
TO
H. B.
"Sixth Month 23rd, 18G3.
" Thy letter created, if possible, a still stronger
interest in thy welfare, and I have borne thee
on my heart again and again before Him, who
knows how to influence all hearts ; and petition-
ed that He would instruct thee and give thee
light. Thy being willing to change again and
try the fleece, wet and dry, is strong evidence
of thy sincerity, which though I did not doubt.
I hope dear L. in meeting thou tries to seek
and beg and wait for his Holy Presence. Oh I
it is very humbling to the creature. Nothing
short of ' But ye are dead and your life is hid
with Christ in God, dead to our own wishes,
wills and ways, desiring like a little child to be
fed with the heavenly manna, Christ himself,
and to live in the garden of Eden which will
come with the kingdom of heaven into our souls.
I cannot answer for many in our poor, stripped,
backsliding Society, only beg that the Great
Master would turn the hearts of the people more
unto himself.
" I have not said so very much against thy
taking the step that has agitated thee so long,
have I ? because I felt thou would be an earnest
Christian wherever situated, and would not rest
thy hopes on these rites as some do, and think
they may go on in sin, almost as ever. I love
good Christians of whatever name, and I think
that is the generil feeling with true Friends.
" Do we really shut our doors in pride ? Do
we not say, ' Ho every one that thirsleth,' etc.?
But we refuse to enter theirs because so many
of their ways we cannot unite with, and because
we can find Christ, the only Sovereign Teacher
in our own. He will come to those who sin-
cerely seek Him and comfort them without our
having to think of outward ceremonies. This
too, is all that is attained by any Christian,
even afcer submitting to those rites, which can-
not make the comers thereunto perfect. The
war spirit encouraged by them generally, would
go very much against my joining with any. How
much better with the immediate successors of
Christ to say, 'I am a Christian and cannot
fight.'
" There was a person here, conversing with
brother, and I heard him say that Friends doc-
trine of ' Inward Light,' was what first drew
him to the Society from the Episcopalians. I
do believe in immediate revelation of the Lord's
will to his faithful followers. I think we are
charitable, for we believe that ' Everyone that
feareth God and worketh righteousness is ac-
cepted of Him,' and it is only these that make
his universal church on earth. Every jirofes-
sor, merely as such, cannot be a memlier of this
my Meal Ch\xr(:\\; only the pure in heart.
" We believe that Christ is the only ' Word'
of God, as illustrated in John i. Other socie-
ties are very apt to call the Bible the Word.
Some of the words are his. This seems so argu-
mentative, but I have not sought it, only it
seemed to rise in answer to thy objections.
Read Ephesians ii : 19, to the end. Is it not
sweet? Let us try to attain to this building to
Him. Now my dear friend, deeply, lovingly
and prayerfully I desire to commend thee to
God and the word of his grace, which is able
to build thee up in Him and give thee an in-
heritance among the saints. Farewell, thy lov-
ing and interested friend,
" Deborah Brooks."
In her diary she writes : —
Si.\th Month 28th.— Thanks be unto God
who giveth us the victory. Salvation is of the
Lord. I felt a degree of it this week, but to-day
am so sad again, and this evening am holding
on to the text. " I am the resurrection and the
life," aud believe I have tasted a little of the
heavenly supper. Oh! for watchfulness and
humiliation. Dearest Father, " direct my heart
into the love of God, and the patient waiting
for Christ."
Seventh Month 5th. — How shall I thank my
Saviour enough for his merciful deliverance
from the thraldom of some besetting sins this
week. Oh ! that I might walk with thee in
white, without sin. Dear Lord, I press close to
thy side this night and try to watch unto prayer.
Condescend to take hold of my hand and lead
me on surely. I spread out my whole life as a
map before thee, do with me what thou wilt,
only make me a living child.
Seventh Month 12th. — Here I am in New-
ark, N. J., a place where a Quaker is almost
unknown. Sometimes I feel lonely, but I know
in whom I have believed, and have tried this
day to worship Him in the silence of my cham-
ber. It is a privation not to be able to go to
any meeting, but I hope it will ground me more
deeply in the fear and dread of the Almighty.
I thank thee for strength vouchsafed, grant me
more strength, I humbly pray, to watch and
obey.
The following is taken from a letter to her
brother and sister :
"NovAEK, Seventh Month ICth, 1863.
"The wheat-fields readily reminded of a ser-
mon some years ago, when the preacher re-
marked, before the wheat was ripe the heads
usually stood erect, but when fit for reaping
they were bowed and drooping.
" Temptations seem to weave such an iron
chain around me sometimes, that it is very diffi-
cult for me to say, ' Thy will be done.'
"It is very pleasant and natural to be with
sister (Sarah), and it seems almost a paradox
still to call any other place home, sometimes,
it is so, and I recall with pleasure my quiet
retreat with you and often remember our sol-
122
THE FRIEND.
Eleventh Mo. 7, 1896. '
emn silence before meals, when it seems to me
we have, at time?, the hidden manna to partake
of, too. I humbly hope for your preservation
and encouragement in all tribulations and that
we may be safely united once again.
" Your affectionate sister, " D. B."
(To be continued.)
From " The I>-dependent.
The Moral Questions of the Campaign.
[The following editorial from the New York
Independent, we transfer to our columns because
it brings so clearly to view the moral principles
involved in the present political campaign. If
the controversy had been confined to the simple
question of silver or gold as a money standard,
it is probable we should have deemed it best to
have kept ijuiet, but we believe that it is right-
eousness wliich exalteth a nation. — Ed.]
"In the issues of the present political cam-
paign there are questions of policy and questions
of morality. Questions of policy have two sides,
and men may take either without sin. Questions
of morality "have only one right side, and men
may not knowingly take the other side without
blame.
" When the railway strikers in Chicago stop-
ped all trains and led in or incited to riotous de-
monstrations against life and property, they vio-
lated necessary law and committed crime. The
Chicago platform condemns the Federal Gov-
ernment for enforcing the Federal laws con-
cerning the United States mails and interstate
commerce. It was the Federal troops which
put au end to rioting and bloodshed and arson.
Therefore the utterance of the Chicago Conven-
tion accuses law and order and excuses rioting
and disorder. Intelligent men may not, without
blame, support this plank. Mr. Bryan stands
firmly upon if, approves and adopts it, and
pledges himself, if elected, to govern his ad-
ministration by it. This principle is not simply
immoral ; it involves the most serious conse-
quences. If rioting is wrong it must be wrong
to countenance it, and doubly wrong to encour-
age it.
" Mr. Bryan proposes to change our monetary
standard, not moderately or gradually, but sud-
denly and violently. He proposes to coin dol-
lars of metal worth only fifty-three cents, and
compel men to take them as full dollars in pay-
ment of debts. He admits that it would hurt
blinkers and capitalists and corporations gener-
ally; but he contends that it would benefit
other classes. This is a moral question. Gov-
ernment may not, without guilt, compel credi-
tors to receive bad money or depreciated money
for good money. It may not, without moral
wrong, decree that deficient dollars shall be
passed as full dollars, any more than it may de-
cree that one thousand five hundred pounds
shall be a ton, ten ounces a pound, thirty-two
inches a yard, ten a dozen or fifty-three a hun-
dred. Some say they do not consider this pro-
posal dishonest. That does not change the fact.
It is the duty of all men to get at the truth and
be governed by it. Dishonesty lies on the very
face of the proposition.
" Mr. Bryan proposes that obligations of the
Government shall be paid in silver at the option
of the Secretary of the Treasury. The Govern-
ment sold its bonds for gold, has hitherto paid
them in gold, and given the holders of them to
understand that it will continue so to do. Confi-
dence in its intention and ability led men to buy
these bonds. To pay them in silver would be to
pay in depreciated money. That means partial
repudiation. Repudiation is dishonesty, rank
and inexcusable dishonesty, when full payment
is possible. Men offer specious excuses and ex-
planations ; but these do not change the charac-
ter of the proposal. It is dishonest, whether
they perceive the dishonesty or not.
"It is not true that all employers, bankers,
capitalists, corporations, are avaricious and
grind the poor. It is not true that all employers
are rogues and all employes honest men. It is
not true that we have classes and masses in
this country, as Mr. Bryan claims. Wealth,
education, position are open to all, without dis-
tinction. The laws are meant to apply to all
equally. Poor men, like Mr. Bryan, as well as
rich men, like Mr. Sewall, may aspiie to the
highest positions. Mr. Bryan's utterances on
this point are incendiary. They inflame the
passions of wage earners and farmers, wrest the
sacred cause of the poor to a vicious purpose,
tend to divide citizens on new lines ; to array
part of them against the other part; to create
bitterness and strife; to incite class legislation,
and to divide and ultimately destroy the na-
tion.
"There would be an end to the glory and
strength, the unity and prosperity, the hope
and security of this Republic, if such appeals to
class hatred were successful. The thought which
appears to inspire the later utterances of the
Democratic and Populist candidate is a mon-
strous one. He may hold it in all sincerity ;
but it is monstrous, nevertheless. There is but
one right and reasonable course respecting it,
and that is to repudiate and reject it utterly.
" These, we say, are moral questions, and they
are moral questions of transcendent importance.
They overshadow all questions of mere polic}'.
To recognize them as moral questions is to settle
absolutely the matter of position upon them.
No amount of reasoning, no splendor of rhetoric
or eloquence of speech can make it right to sup-
port rioting and disorder, to oppose, even indi-
rectly, the enforcement of law, to force depre-
ciated money into circulation, to discharge hon-
est debts with dishonest money, to repudiate in
part solemn obligations, or to seek to divide
the citizens of the country and provoke an in-
ternecine war.
The Sass-Wood Ordeal.
(Concluded from page 115.)
I induced a young man, a son of one of the
women they had caught, who was sitting on the
ground crying, to go with me to Zion village.
I wished to see our Christian people, who would
be able to explain their custom of administer-
ing the sass-wood. We woke them up, and they
said :
" Well, we never saw our people give sass-
wood at night. If they do it will i)e a new
thing. They will keep the prisoners till morn-
ing. The women do not dare to give them sass-
wood privately, or the people would say they
had killed them. There will not be anything
done till morning. But it is evident they mean
to kill some person."
They told me that in Fish Town, fifteen miles
away, they had killed nine people with sass-
wood in one day.
We all expected a serious time, and perhaps
several deaths. We were very sad ; but noth-
ing could be done until morning. So I returned
to the town, and found they had caught four
more after I left, and that all the nine had been
taken to other towns and put under guard till
the next day. The women being gone out of
the house where we stayed, I did not expect any
breakfast there, so asked a neighbor to cook
some cassada for me. Then we went back to
bed.
We could not sleep and were all up very
early. The poor babe had cried for its mother
all night. After going through the town to see
what was going on and what could be done, I
was called to breakfast. The man — Hemic —
whom I had asked to cook it for me, had a good
meal ready of palm butter, fish anci rice.
Our Christians all gathered together, and we
started for the place where the people were as-'
sembling to give the sass-wood. Upon entering
the town where the victims were I went into a
hou.se, not knowing that the head women were*
assembled there to arrange for the palaver.
They looked at me, and some said, " What shall
we do now ? Teacher has come and we don't
want her to know." Another said, " O, she
can't understand what we say; let us go on.",
Another said, "Yes, she does; let us go to
another town." I said in their language, for
the women cannot understand English, " Yes,
I hear what you say, and that is just what I
have come for ; so jou may as well talk away."
Then they all rose up in great confusion and
said they would go to the next town, and they
all started to run. I said, " All right. I will
go there. That is all I have to do to-day — ^just
to follow you around and see what you are
doing." Soon they were out of sight. We gath-
ered together and went to the town whither the
women had now gone, and where the people
were going to give the sass-wood. We walked
along very slowly, feeling very sad and helpless,
and expecting to have our hearts madesiill more
sad by the death of one or more of the prisoners
all of whom I knew, and some of whom were
my special friends.
When we reached the ground the people
were flocking in and seating themselves in com-
panies. The victims were by themselves. The
kings and the chiefs who had come to plead for
the lives of the accused were in another group ;
and the relatives of the victims still in another,
crying. The women who had the case in hand
came from six different towns, and had divided;
themselves up into many companies, that those
who came to plead for the victims might get
tired going round to them all, and so give it up.
We went off under the shade of a tree by our-
selves, and knelt down to ask God to help us
in this time of great need ; for we felt that we
did not know where to begin or what to say
that might have effect. We sat there a few min-
utes and watched them get ready to beat the
sass-wood.
One of the kings arose and went to beg the
women not to give the sass-wood, but they re-
fused to hear and kept up a noise so that his
voice could not be heard.
They then brought forth one of the victims
— a woman — and poured out some of the sass-
wood. One of the men got up and talked, but
there was no listener. The women began, two
by two, to come up to the victim who had the
sass-wood before her, ring a bell in her ear, and
order her to drink the sass-wood.
One of our men said, " I'll interpret anything
you say today." So I got up and went forward
among the rest. We went to one company of
the accusers, and they said, " Go to the others."
We went to all, and then to the victims, asking
them not to drink the sass-wood, and assuring
them that if they did not do it themselves the
people could not make them. But waiting to
have everything interpreted was too slow work
for that day; so I broke out into the native Ian-
^■iith Mo. 7, 1896.
THE FRIEND.
123
aivje, aad the ridiculousness of it all came
ituiv me, and I began to laugh at it all.
TIh' kings begged, and the Zion men talked
) evciybod}' that would listen. I went to the
uiiiii;- men who were beating the sass-wood, and
aiil, "Let nie help you. We will give every-
mly sass-wood to-day. You have not got half
uuuL,'h sass-wood in the mortar. Let nie put
11 some more. Why, is this all the sass-wood
)U have brought? That won't be half enough,
ou must send some men to the busii to get
jiiore. Don't you see all these people ?" The
en stood up and laughed, and could not uu-
eretand me.
I went to the victim, who was sitting over the
asin of sass-wood, and, after having tasted it,
aid to her, "It is not nice. Don't drink it. It
vill Icill you. We will not get tired of begging
or you." Then, going to the women who were
inging the bells, I said, "I am sure you must
)e tired. Let nie ring the bell awhile." The
lings were weary from their efforts to save the
victims, and declared that they would not per-
nit the women to give the sass-wood to two of
he prisoners, who belonged to another tribe,
iind whom they were going to take to town. So
.hey took the two, saying that the women might
lo what they would with the rest.
We sang and preached Jesus, and told the
leople of the better way, begging them to choose
hat day which way was the best. A man in the
!oni|)any sent word to me to be strong and not
fo let the victims drink the sass-wood.
, I asked the women if they themselves had
ilrunk sass-wood in town that morning. "No,"
.;hey said. I told them I knew they did not
»ike it, and that it was for the same reason that
;he victims did not want it. They were amused
it the mistakes I made in speaking their lan-
guage, and some of them though vexed at me,
could not help laughing, and talked quite sen-
sibly to me.
, The sun was very hot, and everybody began
;to get tired ; but still the first woman sat with
ithe basin of sass-wood uutasted before her. They
.brought another woman and gave her a bowl
of it. They began to urge the two women to
drink it, as they were getting hungry and wished
,to go home and cook their meals. So we said :
" Go, and bring the pots and rice here and cook
|it. We are not going to town to-da}-. We are
:going to drink sass-wood, and you need not be
in a hurry. Look, Garroway people have stop-
ped'cutting farm.' See them all here to day.
iThey do not intend to have a rice farm this
year. If they drink sass-wood and kill all the
witches they wont be sorry if they don't see
any rice and palm butter."
At this point I was called aside by one of the
men, who said that a boat had just come from
the Cape bringing our supplies for the year, and
word that brother Nichols, the teacher in the
seminary, who had been very ill and had left
a few weeks ago to go the island for his health,
had died on board the ship and been buried atsea
near Sierra Leone; also, that brother Garwood,
on the Cavalla River, had been drowned. I
stopped for a minute, then said to the man ;
" God has taken them, and he will soon be here
for me. Let me do what I can while I live.
They are gone now."
I went into the midst of the people and told
them what I had heard, saying, " Nobody will
think of drinking sass-wood for them. All kinds
of people die, and we who are here will soon
die too." Then I said, " This sass-wood is hot.
These people cannot drink it, L-st us give them
some water." Everybody was becoming quiet.
So I poured out the sass-wood, washed out the
bowl, jiiit .some water in it, and said, " Perhaps
they will drink that."
A man in the crowd, fearing that I might
get the prisoners to drink the water, sent me
word not to let them. I went back and said :
" This water is not fresh. It has been here all
day. Let us pour it out, and go to town and
get fresh water." I emptied the water out of
the bowl and pot, and put the bowl on top of
the pot and the pestle on top of the mortar —
the people looking on, glad, I presume, to see
end of it all.
I said : " Somebody can carry these things.
Come to town. We are all hungry." I took
the victims by the hand, raised them up, and
we all started for the town. On the way we
met some of the older women, and they were
angry and scolded ; but we all crowded on into
the town. S jme of the people thanked us as we
walked along, some laughed and some scolded.
We passed on to the second town, the men tak-
ing several of the victims to Zion. The rest,
lost in the crowd, found their way to their own
homes.
Agnes McAllister.
For "The Friend."
The late S. R. Brown, a missionary to China
and Japan, thus wrote of the good influence of
his mother : " If I have accomplished anything
for the cause of God and man, I attribute it
mainly to the mother who bore me, so far as
human instrumentality is concerned. She who
loved to steal away
' From little ones and care.
And spend the hours of setting day
111 humble, grateful prayer,'
has always seemed to be holding me by the
hand and bidding me go forward in the path
of duty with her own courageous and cheerful
spirit."
Of this mother, Phebe H. Brown, the Wesleyan
Mtthodist says, that she was accustomed to re-
tire at sunset into a grove near her home (at
Munson, Mass.) for meditation and prayer. A
neighbor criticised her, supposing that she must
be neglecting her household duties. This being
mentioned to Phebe elicited the following hymn :
I love to steal awhile away
From little ones and care,*
Ami spend ihe hours of selling day
In humble, grateful prayer.
I love in solitude to shed
The penitential tear,
And all His promises to plead
Where none but God can hear.
I love to think on mercies past,
.\nd future good implore,
And all my cares and sorr.iws cast
On Ilim whom I adore.
I love by faith to take a view
Of brighest scenes in heaven,
The prospect doth my strength renew
While here by tempest driven.
Tims when life's toilsome day is o'er,
May its departing ray
Be calm as this impressive hour,
And lead to endless day.
Dr. H. A. Nelson, editor of The Church at
Home and Abroad, some years ago lived near
Ovvasco, New York, to which place the then
venerable Phebe H. Brown had removed, to re-
side with the son who has been referred to. He
thus speaks of one of the interviews he was pri-
vileged to make this " mother in Isra-l."
^Afterwards changed to " From every
" I was then a father of little children, and
hers of whom she had so sweetly sung, were in
their maturity. Learning from her that three
tlien survived, one of whom resiiled in Cliicago
and one in New Orleans, while the one in whose
home she then sojourned had already spent
gome yeai-8 at the antipodes' and would probably
return thither after a year or two, I could not
help uttering some words of condolence for such
separation from her children. The look on her
aged face was one of heavenly serenity and
cheerfulness as she replied : 'I have learned
to enjoy my children at a distance.' Never was
sweeter lesson set me by gentler or wiser teaciier.
No other words have recurred to my memory
more oi'ten or more helpfully in recent years.
I commend them to all parents whose daily
thoughts and prayers are for children beyond
seas.'' ^_ J.W.L.
A People Transformed.
The Society of Friends in its integrity stands
for a movement to revive primitive Christianity,
and to revive it in its fulness — not merely a
part here or a part there. It had its origin,
we believe, not in any human plan, but in the
working of God through the instrumentality of
men and women who had received directly from
the Head of the Church himself, their qualifi-
cation and coiumissiou to labor. Like the great
apostle, the first Friends — and the same is true
of every real Friend to-day — knew of the things
pertaining to their calling not from man nor
by the will of man, but by the revelation of
Jesus Christ. Having the eye, therefore, single
unto Him who had brought each one of them
by the power of his Spirit out of the darkness
of the first nature into his own marvellous light,
and so made them free-men indeed — knowing
no Lord but Him, and drawing their lives im-
mediately from Him, the fountain of life — the
early Friends found themselves, from the very
nature of the case, distinct from all otiier de-
nominations of their day; for their faith was
no graft upon an old trunk, but in very truth
a fresh shoot from the root of life. To this,
early Quakerism owed its vigor, and in this lay
its power to draw men.
Yet there is abroad today, in many quarters,
a disposition in one way and another to wipe
out much that has made this people a people
distinct from the rest of the world; to magnify
those points in which there is a resemblance to
other bodies, and to depreciate those differences
in practice which have given us a distinguish-
ing character in the world. There can, of course,
be no service in insisting upon differences for
difference sake; but on the other hand is there
not grave danger lest in the desire not to seem
diflerent from others, there may be overlooked,
underlying the practices, those principles, faith-
fulness to which makes the Friend?
When Israel, desiring that they might be
" like all the other nations," demanded a king,
they had regard more to man than to the Lord,
who was their real strength and deliverer, and
they were retrograding from the purity of their
faith. So to-flay the desire to live in the world
as not to come into conflict with it— though the
de.sire may cloak itself under the name of love
and of harmony,) is less a sign of sjiiritual ad-
vancement than of spiritual degeneracy — less a
token of progress in the love of Christ than of
entanglement in the love of ease. "Be not
conformed to this world, but be ye transformed
by the renewing of your mind, that ye may
prove what is that good and acceptable and
perfect will of God." "And the world passeth
124
THE FRIEND.
Eleventh Mo. 7,
away, and the lust thereof; but he that dneth
the will of God abideth forever."— T^e United
Friend.
For "The Friend."
A Visit to Valley Forge.
The morning of the ninth of Tenth Month
showed a heavy white frost in the low-lying
grounds of our vicinity, foreboding the speedy
disappearance of most of the flowers which had
adorned the roadsides and fields. The day was
cool and pleasant, and well adapted for an ex-
cursion into the country; so in accordance with
a previous arrangement, I joined a friend in an
outing to Valley Forge, on the Schuylkill. It
is a place of historic interest, for it was for a
time during the war of the Revolution the
winter quarters of the American army, where
the soldiers were partially sheltered in huts
constructed on the steep hillsides, and where
they suffered much from cold and exposure.
It is interesting also geologically — for here
the Valley Creek enters the Schuylkill through
a gap in the range of hills, probably washed
out in a former geologic period. This range,
lying on the north side of the great Chester
Valley, is composed of quartz, while the valley
itself is underlaid with limtstone, which is sup-
posed to have been derived from the corals and
shells of sea animals deposited there in former
ages, when it was occupied with an arm of the
sea.
The valley of the Schuylkill is an interesting
field of study to the geologist. For some dis-
tance above Philadelphia, one passes through a
district where the rocks are composed of gneiss
or its stratified form of schist. Near Norristowu
we enter the red sandstone, and observe the red
color of the soil on the freshly ploughed fields.
Then comes a country of limestone, where the
railroad excavations along the precipitous banks
disclose the stone lying in regular layers, al-
most as if artificially constructed, except that
instead of being placed horizontally, as they
must originally have been, the beds are steeply
inclined ; thus revealing the fact that great
changes have been effected, under the influence
of mighty forces, since the myriads of sea-ani-
mals contributed their shells to form these great
masses of rock.
A beautiful piece of level road lies along the
east side of Valley Creek, skirting the foot of a
steep, wooded hill. Although so late in the
season, there were many interesting plants on
the roadside, some in flower and others in fruit
— among the latter were two species of Dog-
wood described in the visit to the lime deposits
of South Jersey, the Gornus panieulata and the
Conms stolonifera. The bright red fruit of the
Burning Bush (Euonymus atropurpureus) was
a conspicuous object. The flowers mostly be-
longed to the three genera of compound flowers,
Aster, Solidago and Prenanthes, and included
sixteen species of these kinds. Perhaps the
most abundant and beautiful of the Golden
rods was the iS'. Cwsia, in which the clusters of
bright yellow flowers are interspersed with the
green leaves on the slender stems, furnishing a
very pleasant contrast in color.
We found the Dittany {Cunila Mariana), an
attractive little, much-branched plant, with a
pleasant aromatic odor. An infusion of it is
sometimes used as a beverage in fevers. Dr.
Darlington mentions that in the beginning of
winter, after a rain, very curious and f;intastic
ribbands of ice may often be observed, attached
to the base of the stems of this plant, produced,
he supposes, by the moisture of the earth rising
in the dead stems by capillary attraction, and
then being gradually forced out horizontally,
through a slit, in the process of freezing. The
same phenomena has been observed in the Rock
Rose {Helianthemum Canadense),arid in one or
two other plants. Perhaps the most showy
among the Asters was the New England Aster
(Aster Novce Angliw), which has unusually large
flowers of a deep rich purple color, and is often
cultivated in gardens as an ornamental plant.
I was quite pleased to meet with a patch of
the Indian current or Coral-berry (Symphori-
curpus vulgaris). The flowers grow in groups in
the axils of the leaves, and are succeeded by
clusters of small red berries which hang to the
stems quite into the winter. I have seen them
quite conspicuous in North Carolina — but it is
not a very common plant in our part of the
country. Its habit of growth is very similar
to that of the common garden Snowberry, to
which it is closely allied.
As we were walking along the edge of the
woods, our attention was arrested by a bush
with rather large, coarse leaves, which were ap-
parently ready to fall. One of the stalks had
no leaves on it, but there were a number of
curious yellow flowers with very narrow and
rather long petals. It was the Witch Hazel
{Hamamelis Virginica), one of the latest of our
plants to put forth its bloom— indeed, the cold
weather comes so soon after, that the plant has
to wait for the next summer to mature its fruit !
Dr. Darlington suggests that this peculiarity
may have given rise to the popular notion of
its possessing certain magical properties, such
as pointing out the position of underground
streams of water. Of latter times it is used as
one of the Homoepathic remedies. Whether it
possesses any medicinal virtues or not we cannot
say.
Perhaps fifty years ago we visited some rocks
on the banks of Valley Creek, where grew some
small ferns, rather rare in this section of coun-
try, and to find this locality was one of the ob-
jects of our excursion. But after following the
stream for some three miles, we learned that the
spot we were hunting was still about four miles
further on. As this required a longer walk
than we were inclined to take, we retraced our
steps. The road which we travelled ran along
the side of the North Valley hill or ridge, and
its undulations showed the wearing effect of the
raius, in making depressions, so that our path
alternately ascended and descended.
Near the railroad station there gnew some
rather large trees of White Elm {Ulmiis Ameri-
cana). After plucking a twig I was much in-
terested in an examination of the leaves. The
central stem of the leaf is furnished (as in many
other leaves), with a double row of ribs branch-
ing from it, which with their minute ramifica-
tions support the green tissue in which the vital
functions of the leaf are performed. But in the
elm leaf one or more of these ribs or nerves are
wanting on the edge of the leaf nearest to the
trunk of the tree, so that the leaves are quite
imequal at the base.
J. W.
"At another place I heard some of the magis-
trates said among themselves. If they had
money enough, they would hire me to be their
minister. This was when they did not well
understand me, or our principles. When I
heard of it, I said it was time for me to be
gone, for if their eye was so much to me, or any
of us, they would not come to their own teacher.
Hireing ministers had spoiled many, by hinder-
ing them from improving their own talents;
whereas our labor is to bring every one to theit
own Teacher in themselves. — George Fox.
NO place' for boys.
What can a boy do, and where can a boy stay,
If he is always told to get out of the way?
He cannot sit here and he must noi stand there ;
The cushions that cover that fine rocliing-chair
Were put there, of course, to be seen and admired.
A boy has no business to ever be tired.
The beautiful roses and flowers that bloom
On the floor of the darkened and delicate room
Are not made to walk on — at least, not by boys;
The house is no place, anyway, for their noise.
Yet boys must walk somewhere ; and what if their
feet,
Sent out of our houses, sent into the street,
Should step around the corner and pause at the door
Where other boys' feet have paused often before ;
Should pass through the gateway of glittering light, i
Where jokes that are merry and songs that are bright t
Ring out a warm welcome with flattering voice.
And tempting say, " Here's a place for the boys." • .
Ah, what if they should ? What if your boy or mine •
Should crog^ o'er the threshold which marks oat the '.
line
'Twixt virtue and vice, 'twixt pureness and sin.
And leave all his innocent boyhood within?
O, what if they should, because you and I,
VVhile the days and the months and the years hurry I
by,
Are too busy with cares and with life's fleeting joys
To make our round hearthstone a place for the boys?
There's a place for the boys. They will find it some-t
where ; , ^
And if our own homes are too daintily fair
For the touch of their fingers, the tread of their feet, '
They'll find it, and find it, alas ! in the street,
'Mid the gildings of sin and the glitter of vice ;
And with heartaches and longings we pay a dear
price
For the getting of gain that our lifetime employs.
If we fail to provide a place for the boys.
A place for the boys — dear mother, I pray,
As (ares settle down round our short earthly way,
Don't let us forget, by our kind, loving deeds,
To show we remember their pleasures and needs.
Though our souls may be vexed with problems of life, :
And worn with besetments and toilingsand strife, !
Our hearts will keep younger — your tired heart and ;
mine —
If we give them a place in their innermost shrine; j
And to our life's latest hour 'twill be one of our joys i
That we kept a small corner — a place for the boys. '
— Boston Transcript, i
For " The Friend."
Which is the More Profitable ? !
Chalmers, the well-known Presbyterian clergy-
man, enjoyed the friendship of a professor in
Edinburgh University, who in the manners of
the world was counted a gentleman, but who,
while devotedly attached to his favorite studies,
wholly neglected more serious things, leaving
the care of his soul to others. Did Chalmers
mention these, he seemed to be ill at ease, de-'
clined to discuss on them, turning the conver-
sation into another channel. Chalmers loved
his friend, and in prayerful solicitude for his
best welfare, sought means to reach him, but
found none. One day he saw him approaching,
deeply absorbed in his thoughts, nor did he
notice Chalmers, till their eyes met. " I have,"
said Chalmers, "a question to solve in profit;
and loss." " Indeed ! what is it ?" said his friend
in cheerful expectancy. " What shall it profit
a man if he should gain the whole world, and
lose his own soul ?" said Chalmers. Courteously
acknowledging the question, he hastily gave
Chalmers a parting word and passed on. It
was a word blessed by the Holy Spirit. The
arrow of conviction struck home. The question
would arise unbidden and unsought in his mind
eveiitli Mo. 7, 1896.
THE FRIEND.
125
11(1 ili^turbed his rest iu uncoDcernedness. Nor
id he stop short until he had solved it aright,
nd fiiiind pardon, peace and rest in believing.
And the Lord has left the same problem on
•cold, that each one of ns may solve it, and
lis c;in only rightly be done in the light of
teruity. "God makes his sun to shine on the
vil and on the good ; He sends rain on the
ist and on the unjust," and what is true in
ature is also so in grace, " for the grace of
iod, that bringeth salvation, hath appeared to
11 men." " God pours out of his spirit upon all
esh." And whilst an adventitious wind may
eem to fill the sails of those who are forgetful
f God, so as to favor them with temporal
rosperity, others who love and desire to serve
■tod, may be at times sorely tried in fulfilling
heir obligations to others, and even to those
spending on their efforts ; sickness and mis-
jrtune may seem to nullify their best efforts.
sGod unmindful of these? Surely not. "Many
re the afflictions of the righteous, but the Lord
'elivereth him out of them all." Misfortune,
ickness, even death itself, if rightly borne in
he spirit of resignation to the Divine will, may
.11 prove to be to the glory of God, and to the
verlasting comfort of the sufferer. Such was
s Jesus said, the death of those loved sisters'
brother, under whose roof He loved to dwell.
These as seen in the light of time may ap-
)ear to be the broken-hearted, the poor, the
infortunate, and yet such may be rich towards
5od, and the Great Physician of souls is al-
vays near, for the angel of the Lord encamps
round about them that fear Him. Such a
ine was Lazarus, whose portion in this world
■vas poverty and sickness, having no friends
ind few to pity. But in eternity riches and
;lory awaited him. Dives having had and en-
nyed his portion in this world, living to self,
ind oblivious of his obligations to God, who
;ave hira all, as a faithless steward forgot his
luty to his Maker and to his fellow-man. The
fery dogs beneath his table were more com-
passionate than Dives toward Lazarus, not be-
r;nidging himashareof their portion, the crumbs
bat fell, and licking his sores to heal them.
But oh, how sad, how dreadful the sequel !
Dives' portion in eternity is one of bitterness
iind of woe.
Can time alone then solve this query ? What
of the rich, covetous man, whose land brought
forth so plentifully that he had not room to
store it? Mark the query he puts to himself,
"What shall I do?" Not " What would my
Lord who gave me all, have me to do ?" And
having self in view as he propounds the question,
self answers it accordingly, " This will I do. I
will pull down my barns, and build greater,
and there will I bestow all my goods. And I
will say to my soul. Soul, thou hast much goods
laid up for many years; take thine ease, eat,
drink and be merry." But God said unto him,
" Thou fool, this night thy soul shall be required
of thee, then whose shall those things be which
thou hast provided. " So is every one that layeth
up treasure to him.?elf, and is not rich toward
God." (Lukexii: 13-21).
The uncertainty of life is then a consideration
of the first importance, and a constant factor in
the correct solution of this problem. For every
man shall be judged according to his works,
and each one must give an account of his stew-
ardship concerning all trusts and endowments,
whether of houses, lands, riches, friendj, gifts
—mental or spiritual — and whatsoever might
be profitable in its use, either for time or eter-
nity. For all should be used for the good of
our fellow-man and to the glory of Him who
bestows them all. For the time is nigh, when
it shall be said to each one of us, " Steward,
give an account of thy stewardship, for thou
shalt no longer be steward."
What a distrust of God's watchful and boun-
tiful care, what an irreparable and eternal lo».-i
to any one, who in his over-anxiety to pro-
vide things temporal, that he may appear as
his neighbors, that he may lay up provision for
his latter days, or for that of his children,
neglects to use of the increase to the good of his
fellow-man, and would rather bestow it all on
self. This is covetousness, of which we are
warned to beware, as being idolatry.
If the heart be right toward God, and things
of this world, so necessary in their own sphere,
are delegated to their proper place, riches may
increase, but the heart will not wander from
the Lord and his service, for He will not per-
mit a rival. And on those who hold and rightly
use them a blessing rests. For truly, such as
the Lord favors with gifts have it in their power
to be doubly blessed, enjoying them themselves,
and as Jesus said, "It is more blessed to give
than to receive." For the words of Jesus are,
" Whosoever shall give to drink unto one of
these little ones, a cup of c<dd water only in the
name of a disciple, verily I say unto you, he
shall in no wise lose his reward." ( Malt, x :
42.)
Let then each day see its every duty done,
just such as are given thee to do. None other
need thy care employ, for thy allotted work is
only there. In doing this well lies thy reward.
For He himself thy Friend and Counsellor, will
direct thy way and give thee peace. Who
knows but ere another rising sun, thy sun may
never set. Then, whether He come and call
thee in the early watch, or at midnight, or at
cock-crowing, may thy answer ever be, " Ready,
Lord, aye ready." And if thy accounts have
daily been kept with care, thy balance will be
true, and they will prove an eternal gain when
the Master says, " Well done, thou good and
faithful servant, thou hast been faithful in a
few things, I will make thee ruler over many
things. Enter thou into the joy of thy Lord."
W. W. B.
A Notice to Quit.
Persons who sit under their own vine and fig-
tree, having homes of their own, however hum-
ble they may be, can hardly realize the condi-
tion of tenants liable to be dispossessed at any
time, who with all their love for the place where
they and their children were born have no tenure
by which they can retain it. But even in such
circumstances the Christian has a sure refuge,
and can say, " Lord, thou hast been our home
in all generations" (Ps. xc: 1). And He has
ways to protect and care for his people when they
are oppressed and straitened and troubled.
An instance is related in the experience of
Hodgson Casson, a Wesleyan preacher in Eng-
land, who was once journeying with his col-
league Waddy, when Casson suddenly stopped,
and said, " We must turn aside here, and call on
brother Blank." Waddy the colleague thought
the request a strange one, but complied. On
arriving at the house, they found the farmer in
great trouble, and wondering why the minis-
ters should call upon him at that hour. Casson
said ,
" First tell us what's the matter with you,
brother; that's what we want to know." The
farmer handed Casson a document which he
held in his hand. It was a notice to quit Ihe
farm, signed by the steward of the Duke of ,
his landlord, in the Duke's name.
"This looks like a serious business," said
Casson. The poor man replied,
" It i.s bad enough for me who have lived on
the farm all my life, and will have great diffi-
culty to find another farm, but what's to be-
come of the cause here? When I'm gone there
will be no one to take in the preachers or lead the
cla.'i.i. But who told you there was anything
the matter here? I only got the notice this
morning, and have not mentioned it to any
one."
"The same good Being," answered Casson,
"whom we must now ask what's to be done
next." So the ministers prayed. When they
rose they inquired if any one had bidden a higher
rental for the farm than he was paying.
" No," said he ; " no one would who was not
tied to it as I am. It's the house where I was
born, and born again, and the little cause lies
near my heart."
On further inquiry Carson found out that the
steward and the parish minister had taken the
whole thing upon themselves.
" Now then," said Casson, " we must appeal
to the Duke himself Now, brother Waddy,
you're the man to write the letter to the Duke.
Draw it up, and brother Blank will copy it and
send it off by the next post."
The letter was written asking why the farmer
was dismissed, and intimating that he was born
there, his father had always paid the rent, and
he had done so, and he was at a loss to know
why he had received such notice. An answer
was received. The Duke intimateil that he had
made an investigation and found matters to be
just what the farmer had said, and the notice
to quit was hereby cancelled, the farmer re-
mained, and the cause was saved. Was not
this an answer to prayer?— Selected.
For "Thb Friknd.-'
A Letter from Germany.
Thou will be glad to know that I have at
last been able to carry out my wish of getting
a little better acquainted with the life in a
regular German " Dorf." You know that the
" common people " interest me greatly, espec-
ially as it is among them that one finds out the
real characteristics of the nation to which they
belong. The educated cla.«s of people, as well
as the cities, are more or less alike the world
over.
Yesterday afternoon, A , a small friend
of hers and myself, spent at Mingershausen, a
small village or " Dorf" about four miles out
of Gottingen ; but I can assure you that I shall
not do such a thing again soon, from purely
hygienic reasons, because as a result of this one
afternoon, I v.as tormented all night by dreams,
not of my great grandmother to be sure, but
much more uncomfortable than those that pre-
sented this worthy personage to the troubled
mind of the small boy who ate the mince pie
too late at night. But I must explain : Since I
have been keeping house during the absence of
Fraiilein F , with whom I live, I have had
a " Frau," who lives next door, to come in two
or three times a day, to do the work for me.
She belongs to the class of rich peasants, who
does not need to work out, and comes simply to
accommodate. Yesterday she told me that as
Frauleiu F returns in a few days she must
go to the village and tel.l the new servant who
is to come this winter, the day on which she
must appear. It is a cousin of the " Frau," who
is engaged, and though the family is rich, as
126
THE FRIEND.
Eleventh Mo. 7, 1896. 1
rich peasants go, she has taken the position so
as to learn housekeeping, as it is carried on in
the city, and also to see a little of life. When
I heard she was going, I begged of her, "Oh,
take me along?" and she was very pleased and
proud to do so. We left here about two p. m ,
and were in Mingerhausen by half-past three.
I have told you before that there is no such
thing, in this part of Germany, at least, as a
farm house situated by itself The peasants live
in houses huddled close together, and go away
iu the morning to work, coming back at night.
They own the land surrounding the Dorf —
more or less, according to the wealth of the in-
dividual, and there is no apparent boundary of
any kind separating the lots. Every day for an
hour or two, all the cows are brought out to a
small pa-sture field held in common by the com-
munity, and so get a little fresh air and grass,
the rest of the time they are shut up in the
stable. This accounts for the total absence of
cattle that one notices in travelling through
the country. I was going to say before, that
the reason of this living together of the peas-
ants in villages comes down from the days when
for protection the people kept close together,
and generally near some fortification, within
whose walls they could flee in case of attack.
It so happened that yesterday was the first of
the autumn "Dauksfest," which is held after
all the harvest is safely stored away. Like all
thanksgivings, it consists mainly in feasting from
all the good things that their land offers, and
lasts several days. Dancing, testing of strength
in various ways, shooting, etc., belong with it,
customs also handed down from the old, old
days. The sound of the music to which they
danced, greeted our ears long before we reached
the village, and as we entered, the streets were
full of the young men and women in their " best
clothes " (the colors were by no means sober),
going to the grounds where the festivities were
in progress. In front of one of the largest so-
called " Hofs," we turned to enter. It was an
immense pile of wooden buildings, arranged
around three sides of an oblong, one corner of
which being the residence of the family. We
were ushered at once into the " gute stube " (good
room), which was low, with very little furniture,
and the well-scrubbed board floor was sprinkled
with sand. In one corner was a large table
with benches against the wall, where one sat at
meal-time. Another table was in front of the
sofa. After entering and laying aside our wraps,
I, as the chief guest, was given the seat of honor
on the sofa, and then tlie coflTee was brought
along with the "Schwetchen and Butter Kuch-
en " — immense plates full. (Schwetchers are
prunes). After the repast, the " Frau " with
whom we went, offered to conduct me over the
place, and I gladly accepted. On the other
side of the hallway, which by the way was
paved with stone, from the "gute Stube " was
the horse stable. As from time immemorial the
horse has been the most honored animal, it has
had its residence directly by that of its master ;
and I noticed as we looked in on the hand-
some creatures, that an o[)en door at the other
end admitted a view into a sleeping room,
pnjbably of one of the sons of the family. The
cows had stalls a little farther removed, and
then there were any amount of places set apart
for pigs and goats, while great droves of geese
gabbled about the " hof " or yard. Back of this
was the orchard, with apple, pear, prune and
English walnut trees, from which we were in-
vited to help ourselves. Beyond the orchard
stretched the fields belonging to the family.
On returning to the house the "Frau," said,
"Now we must go to my other cousins," so we
started oft' up the village and stopped before a
still larger and better kept "hof" than the
first we had seen. In fact the " gute stube,"
with its clean sanded floor and the polished
table and white walls was very attractive, and
here there was none of the marvellous stable
odor that is the pride and delight of the peas-
ants— their pride, because their wealth consists
in cattle and horses, and they are glad to give
evidence of their possessions.
As soon as we had taken our seats upon the
sofa, the cousin disappeared and returned pres-
ently with plates piled with the two kinds of
cakes. I protested, but the " frau,'.' whispered
to me that the cousin would be hurt if I re-
fused, so I was forced to yield. I must confess
that it was excellent. Here I was taken into
the kitchen, which was spotlessly clean, and pos-
sessed no furniture besides an immense " herd "
which is a particular sort of stove built of
bricks, so that a fire can be made in two places,
and there is a cavity over each into which fits
an immense brass pot, in which the most of the
cooking is done. But my chief desire was to
see the " back ofen," that is to say, the place
where the baking is done. It was in a separate
building, a large oval structure of clay and
bricks, with an iron door, inside of which a
large fire is made, and after about two hours'
burning, the coals and ashes are removed, the
floor thoroughly brushed out, and then the
huge loaves of bread set on the hot stones and
left there for about two hours. The " kuchen "
is baked in the same way, but for shorter time.
I have become very fond of the German
"Schwartz brod " or black bread, as they call
it, although it is of a brown color, but 1 had
often heard that the real article as baked in the
" Dorf" was much better. Later in the day I
discovered that this was true.
From this " hof" we went and looked on awhile
at the merry-making on the green, but soon re-
turned to the village, as I wished to see the old
woman from whom I have my eggs fresh every
week. Her " hof" lay at the other end of the
village, and there was very little stable to the
house, because she is poor. She comes three
times a week to market, carrying her heavy
kirp on her back all the way. " As we came in
the house the " Frau " went before, and putting
her head in the door, said, " Frau M , sie
kriegen besuch !" (you have company). At the
word she appeared on the scene and in great
surprise raised her hands and exclaimed " If it
isn't the Fraulein," and then we were ushered
into the " gute stube " and again appeared the
" schwetchen kuchen," and again we were forced
to partake. She was delighted to be so hon-
ored, and began to tell how I had had her help
me put her " kiepe," the large baskets which
the peasants carry strapped to their backs, on,
and how I could really walk with it, and she
added "ja, das Fraulein hat wirklich Beschick
dazu !" that is to say, I carried it as though I
were used to it, and that seemed to have raised
me immensely in her estimation. But we did
not tarry long, for we were told we must come
back to the second " hof" we had visited. As
we were about to enter, A asked in a com-
plaining way, " mussen wir wieder kuchen es-
sen" (must we eat cake again?) We were
scarcely seated when in came the cousin with a
plate of enormous slices of bread, buttered and
with slices of " wurst " (sausage). With one or
two exceptions I have resisted all temptations
in the way of eating more than one of the in-
numerable species of " wurst" which abound inl
Germany — the one that I occasionally indulge^
in I know to be thoroughly cooked — all others!
are safer to let alone, I think. Well, on this oc-
casion my heart failed me to resist too far, fori
as I refused the poor woman looked so distressed
and said she was so sorry to have nothing better
for the Fraulein. " I found the bread excellent.
and the " wurst," which was of the smoked
species, really very palatable. She apologized
that she had no wine, and I comforted her bj
saying that I did not indulge in the article, but,
she said in a minute she could have some warm
milk fresh from the cow, and though I pleaded
it was all in vain ; she vanished out of the dooi^
and returned with a pail of the aforesaid article
from which she served us. Before returning
home it was necessary to stop at the house wt,
first visited, as we had left our wraps there
As I proceeded to possess myself with my be
longings, I found them being taken away from
me, and I was told it was impossible to be al-
lowed to go until we had eaten something. ]
cast an imploring look at the " Frau," who, bj
the way, is a very interesting, animated young,
woman, who had been in a continual state ol
laughter the whole afternoon at my continual:
consternation. But there was no help for me
Again we were seated, and again came ths
"wurst" — this time enormous. I don't kno«
what to call them, but we were supposed to
select from the variety oflBred,3nd cut off" slices
to suit ourselves. This at least was better, and
I managed to appear to be eating, without reallj
doing very much in that line.
It was after dark as we set off" on the road
home. The " Frau " said we should come again,
to some of the winter festivities, and I replied
that it would please me greatly. I shall how-
ever be wiser next time and omit one or twc
meals before I go. E. S. Kite.
Natural History, Science, etc.
Protective Mimicry in Africa. — It is among
the insects that cases of protective resemblance
are most abundant. Insects shaped like seed- •
pods and leaf buds, like lichen and dried sticks,
or colored like leaves and rocks, were met with
nearly every day. They are too well known tc
need description, but two cases may be men
tioned.
One case was met with during our return
from the first expedition. Strolling one even
ing out of the camp at Kurawa, I was startled
by a hissing noise like that.of a snake, coming
from a clump of grass. As I was wearing
knickerbockers and tennis shoes, I sprang back
and pelted the grass with handfuls of sand
As this did not drive out the supposed snake
I cautiously approached, peering into the clump
I could Just detect a small green head among,
the stalks, and behind this appeared, whenevei
the noise was repeated, an expansion like th«
head of a cobra. I tried to kill the animal by
a few sharp blows with my stick behind tht
head, and one of these knocked it over. I ther
found that I had been frightened by a big grass-
hopper, which, by puffing out its wings, assumed
a resemblance to the shape of the head of £
hooded snake, while its noise was a good imita
tion of the dull, jerky hiss of some species ol
snakes.
The second case was more remarkable. I
was working through the woods, beside the
Kibwezi River, with — . Watson, one of the
missionaries at the station there, when my at-
tention was attracted by a large brightly-colorec
flower, like a Fox-glove. It had been raininc
leveiitli Mo. 7, 1896.
THE FRIEND.
]21
,eavily, and the vegetation was so sodden with
lioistuie that collecting was usele.ss. I should
Wve passed the specimen by had not I noticed
mil' small, white, fluffy jjatches below the
ovver. They appeared to be lichen, of a kind
hicli does not usually grow on flower-stems ;
i therefore pushed my stick through the bush
;) pull the flower towards me. As soon as my
,ick touched it, to ray great surprise, the flowers
nd buds jumped off in all directions.
There were several similar clusters close by,
nd when — . Watson came up, I pointed one
ut to him and asked him if he had determined
:) what genus it belonged. He said he had not
(one so, but that he had seen it before growing
b these woods. He attempted to pick it, and
'as as surprised as I had been at the result.
i The arrangement of the colony, with the green
^udlike form at the top of the stem, and the
tink flower-like insects below, looked so much
ike an inflorescence that it deceived both of
is, although — . Watson is an enthusiastic
lotanist.
i Whether the insects can resume this arrange-
ment on the stem if they are once disturbed, I
lannot tell. Though we sat and watched be-
iide them for an hour, they made no attempt
0 return to the stem. The insects were very
luggish, and simply clung to the leaves on
thich they first alighted. As a rule the mem-
bers of this genus can fl}' well, but these seemed
inly able to hop for a few inches at a time, and
i.'ould not move if they couhl help it. It may
lie that the insects were only sluggish by the
!old and rain, but it appears not unlikely that
ihe members of this species have very limited
(lowers of flight, and secured protection from
pirds by this ingenious mimicry of a cluster of
lowers. — J. W. Gregory.
' Mangroves. — After the palms, the mangroves
brm the most striking feature in the coast
lora. They grow in dense, jungly masses, bor-
lering the estuaries and tidal creeks. The trees
isually grow in the water, but the whole of the
runk is raised above it by a series of adventi-
ious roots ; it therefore appears as if the tree
vere supported on a many-legged stand. The
nost interesting point about the plant is the
nethod by which it prevents its seeds falling
)y the wayside, and restricts them within the
larrow belt in which alone they can grow. If
he seeds were scattered on the surface of the
'stuary, the currents would either cast them
ishore or wash them into water too deep for
hem to root in. The seeds therefore germinate
vhile attacheil to the tree. The radicle grows
nto a thick solid spike, eight or ten inches in
ength, which, when released from its attach-
nent to the jiarent, falls with sufficient force to
Irive the spike firmly into the mud beneath.
The seeds therefore secure a suitable soil, and
»row into dense thickets along the shore between
!;he tide lines. — J. W. Gregory.
i -—
! For "The Friend."
I The Priesthood of Believers.
f Underthe old dispensation the tenth was called
for, for the support of the priesthood, under the
aew all is called for, or should be held as if it
was the Lord's, for the gold and the silver are
bis, the earth is the Lord's and the fulness
thereof. The prophet Malachi told God's peo-
ple that they were robbing Him " even this
whole nation," in tithes and offerings.
" Bring me all the tithes and offerings into ray
storehouse that there may be meat in my house,
md I will opea the windows of heaven and
pour out a blessing that there will not be room
enough to receive it." We may draw a .'^trong
spiritual lesson from this, while we are not under
the tithing system, yet it is the duty of the liv-
ing Cliurch of Christ not to allow his cau.se to
suffer for the want of means, remembering that
we are stewards and have to give an account
of how we use the means God has trusted us
with.
The tribe of Levi was to e.^ercise the duties
of the priesthood under the law ; all are j)riests
under the Gospel. The Society of Friends per-
haps have recognized this in its fulness more
than most other branches of the Church, while
ihey believe that some who are called to stand as
mouth-pieces in the Church should be acknowl-
edged as ministers; yet such have no more
liberty than other members. It is befiting that
believers should meet together to wait upon the
Lord, and let Him have his way with them, and
if anything is revealed to another that sitteth
by let the first hold his peace, drawing no line of
distinction between ministers and lay members.
Those that are rightly called to the ministry
of the Word, are commissioned to feed the flock
of God, taking the oversight thereof, not for
filthy lucre but of a ready miud, being ensam-
ples of the flock. There is no Scripture that
teaches a one-man arrangement, for this de-
stroys the priesthood of believers.
We are living under the new covenant, in
which the law was to be written upon the tablet
of the heart instead of upon stone, that no man
shall teach his brother or neighborsaying " know
ye the Lord," for all shall know Him from the
least to the greatest, while it is a part of God's
plan to reach the world by the preaching of the
Gospel, yet it should be from Him who is head
over all things to his Church.
George Beiggs.
New Shaeon, Iowa.
Spanish Misery Through War.
The Echo remarks: — Three hundred years
ago, Spain was the mightiest Power in the whole
world. " The King of Spain," wrote one of the
English swashbucklers and Jingoes of the period
to King James, urging that pacific monarch to
an offensive war, " means to found a Fifih Mon-
archy ;" and there was a world-wide fear that
unless Spain were arrested in its universal ag-
grandizements, she would quickly become more
powerful than Babylon, Persia, Macedonia, or
Kome had ever been. The successive blows
struck at this monster by Holland, by Eliza-
beth, by the alliance of Mazarin and Cromwell,
and by Napoleon, had shorn her of nearly all
her might and glory at the opening of our cen-
tury. It appears, however, as if the last fatal
stroke would be delivered from that New World
of which she was once the predominant mistress.
In its criticisms upon the excited Cuban debates
in the Spanish Parliament, the iMadrid El Im-
par-cial, the most independent of Spanish papers,
entreats its readers not to blind themselves to
the true condition of things. The prospects of
Spain in Cuba are far worse than the Parlia-
ment men dare to own. Spain once possessed
the greatest part of all the gold and silver in
the world; but now she is utterly incapable of
finding money to pay her soldiers. Her troops
in Cuba have been fighting for four months
without pay. This may be exemplarily patriotic,
but it cannot be expected to last very long.
Even the enthusiastic volunteers, who boast that
they are not mercenaries, are hard put to it to
get food. The want of money is so urgent, the
credit is so low, that there is the greatest diffi-
culty to obtain the most rudimentary need.* of
life. It has become impossible to keep up the
supply of horses, mules, and other necessaries
for carrying out the military enterprise of Spain
against her rebels. The dearth of m(jney in
Cuba is naturally telling painfully upon the
Sjianiards at home. Thousands of families are
in the direst need, and they will lose the last
shred of patience when they come to realize that
their fathers, husbands, brothers, and sweet-
hearts, who are fighting on the other side of the
globe, if they come home again, will come with-
out wages. The Spanish Government has been
called upon to deny the a.s.-ertions made by Et
Iiiiparciul; but as it still hesitates to do so, they
may be taken as confessed facts. The incessant
wars of Spain, if we except her noble resistance
to the aggression of Napoleon, have been wars
of offence. And of no other Slate is the saying
more evidently true, than it is of the once great
land of artists, poets, and thinkers: She has
taken the sword, and is perishing by the sword.
If Spain is saved from disaster she will have to
thank her women. The women of Saragossa
determined to set an example to their sisters
throughout the nation, by getting up a public
demonstration of their own again.st sending any
more troops to Cuba. The greatest misery has
spread through the province of Arragon by
draftingoff so many adults into the army for
service in Cuba. As soon as the Governor of
the Province heard of this projected demonstra-
tion of wives, mothers, sisters, and daughters on
behalfof peace, he ordered that it should be stop-
ped. A deputation of women were admitted to
an interview with the Governor, however, and
he was so touched by their plaintive story that
he permitted a public meeting to be held, under
the condition that the resolutions to be pro])osed
were first submitted to him for approval. This
news is said to have created great concern
anjongst the ministers in Madrid, as it is almost
certain from the character of the Spaniards that
the example of Saragossa will be followed by
the women in other provinces. — Herald oj Peace.
The Total EcLIP.■^E of the Sun. — Sudden-
ly I became aware that the darkness is coming
from neither west nor south, but from above.
It is literally falling. A star flashes into view
near the zenith, and then seems to be covered
a moment as by a veil. It is only an optical
illusion, for again it twinkles brightly. The
shadow approaches the horizon like a swift-de-
scending curtain let down from the blue dome
above. It is strangely fascinating, and even
the sun is forgotten for the moment as we watch
the shadow of the moon.
"But a repressed yet universal cry bursts
from the observers clustered on the bridge.
The supreme moment has come — the hour for
which all have hoped, and for which the de-
vout have prayed. The moon has covered the
sun's disc and hangs like a dead, black ball in
the heavens, while instantaneously from every
side flashes the glorious, indescribable corona.
" Never have I seen its like on earth. No
painter ever wielded brush that could repro-
duce that lovely, matchless, silvery glow. One
could gaze entranced for hours, but we must
count our precious time by seconds. A bright
planet bearas near the corona, a little below
and to the left. It is Jupiter. Below and to
the left of it is Venus, and close at hand those
who have glasses easily distinguish Mercury.
jMany see it for the first time in their lives.
Those who know just where to look can even
see it with the naked eye. The glass brings
128
THE FRIEND.
Eleventh Mo. 7, 18%
out clearly the constellation Lto, with its bright
star Regulus.
" But we can study all the planets, save Mer-
cur}', at our leisure during the coming year;
the corona draws our eyes from planet and from
star. All at once on the upper limb of the black
ball and to the right there gleams a brilliant
point like burning phosphorus or burning steel
in a jar of oxygen. The corona fades quicker
than thought. The totality is past." — Exchange.
In the life of John Alcock, formerly Arch-
deacon of Waterford, are related some incidents
which show the superstitious ideas that prevailed
among some of the ignorant people of Ireland.
One of these is a story told of a strong-minded
faraier, who determined to vote in the interests
of the landlord against the bidding of the priest,
though the latter threatened that if he disobej'ed
him, he " would turn him into a rat."
" It's all nonsense," said he to his wife, before
going to the poll, " He can't do anything of the
kind. But I say, Biddy," he added in a lower
tone, " I think you may as well put the eat out
of the way."
A very intelligent young girl, a convert, was
argued with in vain for some time by the priest.
He then told those around her, all Roman
Catholic?, to leave the room, saying, " I am go-
ing to make an example of her and tie her to
the ground." When he put on his stole, took
out his book, and began to read ; the poor girl
acknowledged afterwards that she was terribly
frightened. " I offered one prayer to the Lord
for strength and courage," said she; " and for
fear of the worst, I kept my feet going."
THE FRIEND.
ELEVENTH MONTH
18%.
TflE cruel treatment which the Armenians
in Asia Minor have received from the Turkish
Government has naturally awakened a warm
feeling of pity towards the suflerers, and of in-
dignation and resentment directed against those
who inflicted it. There is need of care lest this
latter feeling should be indulged to such an
extent as to awaken em )tions or lead to actions
inconsistent with the peaceable spirit of the
Gospel of Christ. Some zealous persons seem
ready to proclaim war with the Turk without
delay, not sufficiently considering that such a
war would be attended with far greater loss of
life and human misery than have as yet been
experienced by the poor Armenians.
It is a favorable circumstance that in differ-
ent nations, those who hold the reins of govern-
ment seem to be alive to the sense of the re-
sponsibility which rests upon them, and are
exercising a care not to enter upon rash and
dangerous measures.
Benjamin V. Stanley has been appointed
agent for Tnn Friend in place of Samuel W.
Stanley, deceased. Address, Springville, Liun
Co., Iowa.
SUMM.\RY OF EVENTS.
United States.— The United Stales deU statement
shows a net increase in the public debt, less cash in
the Treasury during Tenth Month of ^7,195,725. To-
tal cash in the Treasury, $S.'«),676,221.
The United States Treasury gold reserve at the
close of business on the 81sl ultimo declined to $117-
116,209, and on Second-day, the day before the Presi-
dential election, the witlulrawals of pold from the
Sub-Treasury at New York at'xrcgated $1,.350,000, the
largest amount on any day except one since the move-
meut of gold to America began.
It is estimated that the two chief political parties
have sent out from Washington during this campaign
at least 40,000,000 pieces of literature under the Con-
gressional frank, thus evading postage to the amount
of $2,400,000.
Kespecling the overtopping importance of the liquor
traffic from a politico economic standpoint, E-t-Ciov-
ernor Hughes of Arizona says : '' The United States
has little to fear from England on account of her fac-
tories or gold standard of finance. What we have to
fear is the demoralizing ruin, morally and financially,
she is visiting on our people by the traffic of which
she is the fountain, for nearly all of the breweries and
distilleries of this country are controlled by English
money, from which England is drawing annually mil
lions of dollars. Her annual dividends from American
breweries alone being over $6,000,000, and probably
nearly as much or more from her interests in our dis-
tilleries. Think of this! more than $10,000,000 an-
nually contributed to the gold coffi^rs of England,
through her breweries and distilleries, to keep Ameri-
cans drunk, which destroys the American home, par-
alyzes the American mechanic, demoralizes American
labor, and impoverishes the people."
The National Congress of Mothers, which is to be
held in Washington in Second Month, is attracting
much attention by reason of its novelty. Among the
subjects to be considered are the moral, mental and
physical training of the young, kindergarten work,
love of country and love of humanity, evils of some
present educational methods in the echools, the de-
velopment of the best traits of childhood, the over-
ciiming of conditions which now prompt to crime.
Th^e experiment of introducing reindeer in Alaska
has been a complete success. The animals are in-
creasing at the rate of 60 per cent, a year and will
soon supply the natives with excellent and abundant
food in place of the now almost exterminated seal and
other wild animals, besides serving other purposes at
once practically useful and directly civilizing.
Montana produced 21,.530,013 pounds of wool this
year, and leads all other States as a wool grower.
Cranberries are plentiful and cheap, and many Cape
Cod growers are holding on for higher prices.
By an explosion of gas in the mine of the Lehigh
and Wilkesbarre Coal Company, at Wilkesbarre, on
the 29th ultimo, six men lost their live-i, two of them
being members of the rescuing party, who were suffii-
cated while attempting to reach the bodies of their
comrades.
Deaths in this city last week numbered 362, which
is 12 less than the previous week and 24 less than the
corresponding week of 1895. Of the whole number
1/8 were males and 184 females: 44 died of consump-
tion; 33 of pneumonia; 26 of heart disease; 18of diph-
theria; 16 of apoplexy; 1-5 of inflammation of the
brain ; 14 of marasmus; 14 of old age; 11 of inflamma-
tion of the stomach and bowels ; 9 of inanition ; 9 of
urajmia, and 9 ofnephritis.
Markets, &C.— V. S. 2's, 93 a 95; 4's, reg., 106i a 107 J;
coupon, 107i a 108J ; new 4's, reg., 116 a 117 ; coupon,
117 a 118; 5's, reg', llOi a 111; coupon, lllj a 112;
currency 6's, 101 a 105.
Cotton advanced ^^c. per lb., in sympathy with
New York, but demand from spinners was light.
Middling uplands quoted at 8|c. per pound.
Feed.— Winter bran in bulk, quoted $10.50 a$11.00
and spring do., in sacks, at $10.00 a $10.50 per ton.
Flour.— Winter super, $2.60 a $2.85; do., extras,
$2.95 a $3.10 ; Pennsylvania roller, clear, $3.70 a $3.90 ;
do., <lo., straight, $4.00 a $4.25 ; Western winter, clear,
$3.79 a $3.SiO; do., do., straight, $4.00 a $4.25; do.,
do., patent, $4.35 a $4.50 ; spring, clear, $3.40 a $3.75 ;
do., straight, $3.90 a $4.15 ; do., pateni, $4.15 a $4 35 ;
do., favorite brands, higher. City mills, extra, $2 90
a $3.10; do., clear. $3.70 a $3.90; do., straight, $4 00
a $^4.25 ; do., patent, $4.50 a $4.75. Rye Flour.—
$2.75 per bbl. for choice Pennsylvania. Buckwueat
Flour.- $1.00 a $1.70 per 100 pounds for new, as to
quality.
Grain.- No. 2 red wheat, 79J a 80c.
No. 2 mixed corn, 30} a 30Jc.
No. 2 white oat.s, 24} a 24Jc.
Beef Cattle.— Extra, 4^ a 4|c.; gooJ, 4} a 4ic.;
medium, 4 a 4Jc.; common, 3 a 3Jc.
Sheep and Lambs.— Extra, 3J a 4c.; good, 3} a 3^e.;
medium, 2^ a 3c.; common, 2} a 2.ic.; culls, U a 2c.;
lambs, 3 a 5c. " "
Hoas. — Good Western, 5} a5Jc.; others, 5 a 5Jc.
Foreign.— J. J. Thompson, in a recent able address
before one of the scientific societies of England, said
he thought that there was no crucial experiment that
would show that the X rays were a species of light,
but that there is no property which the X rays pos-
sess which is not po.ssesseii by some kind of light
This is a very important statement.
Most of the rivers in France are out of their bank:
and many villages are inundated. There is grea
alarm in Paris. The Seine is rising and much, dam
age has been done above and below the city. Thi
river is so full of floating debris that traffic upon i
has been stopped.
An official cablegram received in Madrid fron
Manilla, the capital of the Phillipine Islands lately'
says that a conspiracy against the government ha
been discovered in the Sooloo Islands. Eight Spanisl
soldiers were shot in a conflict with the revolutionist
at Sooloo, the capital of the Sooloo Archipelago, anc'
troops have been sent there by the Governor of thi
Philippines, who has also armed a local force at Sjo
loo.
The drought continues in India, and the crop situ
alion is daily becoming more serious. Advices fron
Simla say the prospects that a famine will occur ii
India are increasing and that the outlook is very seri
ous. In the North-west, Punjab and Central Pro
vinces there is a scarcity of food products, extendin;
as far as Behar and Bombay, and prices have risei
materially. The Government, the advices state, havf
advance! thirty lakhs of seeds. The work of irrega
lion in the northwest has been begun, and relief worki
have been established elsewhere.
Anthracite coal of high quality is said to have beei
discovered in Algoma, in British North America,
Dr. G.enfell, Superintendent of the British Missioi
to the deep sea fishermen, now operating in Labrador
sends appalling accounts of the destitution which pre
vails on that coast. Owing to the failure of the fisher
hundreds of persons are on the verge of starvation
living only up^.n the flour which Doctor Grenfell anc
other philanthropists are able to dole out to them
and must perish within a couple of months unless th'
Government sends prompt relief. This is likely to b
done, though it will tax the Government's resource
to the fullest capacity. The Government has startec
relief work at St. John's to assist the unemployed.
NOTICES.
Rachel G. Hall, Plain Milliner, will be at 26
South Fourth Street, Philadelphia, on and after th
nineteenth of Eleventh Month, 1896.
Western Quarterly Meeting of Friends.-
The train leaving Broad Street Station, Philadelphia
at 7.17 a. m. on the twentieth inst. will be met a
West Grove to convey (free of charge) those desirinj
to attend the Western Quarterly Meeting of Friends
to be held at London Grove, Chester C5o., Pa.
Geo. R, Chami
^^' \ Commiike.
The Moorestown Peace .\ssociation of Friend,
will mail free suitable and interesting literature fr
all who are interested in the propagation of peac
principles. Alice C. Rhoads, Sec'y.
Moorestown, Burlington Co., N. J.
Westtown Boarding School, — Applications fo
the admission of pupils to the school, and letters i?
regard to instruction and discipline should be ad
dressed to William F. Wickersham, Principal.
Payments on account of board and tuition, ani
communications in regard to business should be for
warded to Edw.vrd G. Sjiedley, Superintendent.
Address Westtown, P, O,, Chester Co,, Pa.
W^ESTTOWN Boarding School, — For convenienc
of persons coming to Westtown School, the stage wil
meet trains leaving Philadelphia 7,17 and 8.46 A, M-
and 2,53 and 4.32 p. M. Other trains are met whei
requested. Stage fare on regular trips, fifteen cents
on special trips, twenty-five cents each way. To read
the school by telegraph, wire West Chester Phone Si
Edward G. Smedley, Sup'l.
Friends' Teachers' Association. — A meeting wil
be held at 140 N. Sixteenth Street, Phila., on Seventh
day. Tenth Month SIsl, 1896, at 2 p. M., to which al
interested are cordially invited. Dr. Geo. M. Phillips
of the Westchester State Normal School, will addres
the meeting on " How the World is Governed."
Discussion of "Civics and How to Teach It," b
Isaac Sharpless, Ann Sharpless, Watson W, Dewees
Isaac T, Johnson, and others.
Edith S, Cheney, Sec'y.
Died, suddenly at his home in West Branch, lows
Tenth Mo. 3rd, 1896, Thompson Walker, aged sev
cnty-seven years, a member of West Branch Monthl;!
Meeting of Conservative Friends.
THE FRIEND
A Religious and Literary Journal.
VOL. LXX.
SEVENTH-DAY, ELEVENTH MONTH 14, 1896.
No. 17.
PUBLISHED WEEKLY.
Price, if paid in advance, $2.00 per annum.
aubscriptions, payments and business communications
received by
Edwtn p. Sellew, Publisher,
No. 207 Walnut Place,
(S juth from Walnut Street, between Third and Fourth,)
PHILADELPHIA.
Articles designed fo)- insertion to be addressed to
JOSEPH WALTON,
MooKESTOWN, Burlington Co., N. J.
Entered as second-class matter at Philadelphia P. O.
Diary and Letters of Deborah Brooks Webb.
I (Continued from page 12J.)
TO L. H. B.
i " Philadelphia, Eighth Month 6th, l.st;.3.
1 " The tide of our affectioos seems to have been
(so deep, so true and so pure, that I cannot bear
to thiuk of entering deeply into argumentative
intercourse now. It is so apt to lead away from
the pure search for Truth, into a desire to up-
Ihold ones own opinions, that I always shrink
from it. We have not been guilty of this yet,
I think, and now I only humbly wish to tell
ithee my secret feelings on these two points and
then leave thee in the arms of Him who gently
'leadeth those that are young. May He bless
thee and give thee rest still more and more.
" When I draw uigh in spirit to my Saviour
I seem to be near the Father too, and feel his
approbation ; and when I ask anything in his
name it seems to me that my Saviour smiles the
answer, they are so united in one. And when
I beg the aid of the Holy Spirit it draws me
nearer to the favor of (he Father and Son. They
are one; I feel it, I know it — the blessed One.
"But outward water seems as far from the in-
ward purifying Spirit, as the outward sun is
from the glorious Son of righteousnes?. They
may do for illustration, but the answer of a good
conscience before God, requires deep searching
of spirit, the baptism of fire against all our evil
inclinations and dispositions. Saved from all
sin and raised to the communion of Father and
Sou, this is the communion with the body and
blood of Christ, that I want. He laid down his
body and shed his precious blood to purchase
this redemption for me. This is our communion.
"Yes, dear Laura, the same quiet love and
sympathy with nature rests with me, and all its
voices seem to breathe a melody into my soul
and raise it in silent aspirations. How precious
to have thee say, thou had such a rest and con-
fidence in thy Saviour and such a disapproba-
tion too of all war and warlike spirit. It is so
much more noble and Christ-like to be willing
to suffer persecution, than to prepare for taking
the life of another who, perchance, was ungodly
and would go to eternal punishment. I hope
thy brother will not be drafted.
"Thou will see by the date of this, that I
have returned from my Newark home, for it
always seems like home where sister S. is. I
would like to show thee some of the grand old
elm trees of that place. They are so graceful
and beautiful. Newark is mostly spread over
a great extent of land, so there are plenty of
garden spots with trees and shrubbery, giving
it quite a country-like air. I scarcely realize
being in so large a city.
" Is it not a favor the riots were checked.*
We were threatened there two or three nights,
but all has become quiet. At such times is
it not a favor to remember afresh the words,
"Thou will keep him in perfect peace whose
mind is stayed on thee." " Whoso hearkeneth
unto me shall dwell safely, and shall be quiet
from the fear of evil." Think of me for the
next week and a half right out in the country,
sometimes watching the ships on the river, some-
times picking huckleberries, and sometimes
watching the sky enlivened with the most beau-
tiful sunsets. These last are such a treat. My
little niece and nephew will occupy a large por-
tion of time too, and afford much enjoyment.
" Dear L , sometimes I fear I write too much
as though I had attained, I only am passing on
' to apprehend those things for which I am ap-
prehended.' I often feel so poor in spirit, so
low, so mean, and magnify the mercy that can
stoop to hear my cry. Think of me, dearest L.,
three weeks from now, for I may have a close
trial and in my heart would love thy sympathy
and prayers. Pray that I may have strength,
if thou canst.
" Farewell, in love and sweet cotumuuion of
spirit.
"Deborah Brooks."'
Resuming her diary she says :
186.3.— Eighth Month 7th.— To-morrow I go.
if nothing prevents, to sister Mary's, and being
in some measure preserved from some sins, I
humbly crave heavenly help for the coming
week and a half Thy favors have been very
great and I so utterly unworthy. Raise me int(j
newness of life before thee. Help me to fast
and pray.
Ninth Month 6th. — Made a change this day
in my dress, after much doubt and fear. May
it 'oe sanctified to me. "Baptise me with thy
baptism more and more, oh Lord."
In reference to this change in her dress she
thus writes to her brother aijd sister:
"I have had noletters, neither have written any,
for it has been one of my anxious weeks. It has
seemed the longest one I ever passed in my life,
but I hope to be quiet now, for today found me
in ray plainer dress. I took tea in it to night
and so broke the ice, and intend it shall be my
every day costume. I can feel now that my
motive is accepted, and oh, saith my soul, that
the ' Words of my mouth and the meditation of
my heart may always be acceptable too.'"
16th.— Dearest Lord and Master thou saidst
thy grace was sufficient, when Paul had the
thorn in the flesh, oh ! grant that I may feel it
* During the War of the Rebellion, in opposition to
' drafts," a fearful time.
so now. Oil ! grant that I may rise sujjerior to
temptation! Oh! God of peace, bruise Satan
under my feet shortly. I have felt a little over-
coming this day and a little of the lifting up of
thy countenance this night. Oh, for thy bless-
ing.
27th. — " Woman thou art loosed from thine
infirmity," came to me this afternoon, while I
was beseeching strength to watch and fast and
pray, to put my mouth as in the dust, that He
might 1)6 exalted over me and over all my will
and ways. Oh I that it may prove so, after these
eighteen years bondage, and that made pure,
I may glorify Him for his goodness and long-
suflfering mercy.
Tenth Month .3rd.— Notwithstanding all thy
mercies, my garments are stained somewhat. I
hope in thy mercy and that thou will cleanse
me from all unrighteousness. When shall I
walk with thee in white? When shall I wor-
ship thee in the beauty of holiness.
11th. — I felt this morning that it was indeed
of the Lord's mercies that I was not consumed,
because his compassions fail not. They are new
every morning.
to L. II. B.
"Philadelphia, Tenth Month 20ih, l.'^Go.
"Thou art indeed very frequently the com-
panion of my thoughts, sometimes at the lovely
twilight hour. Does it not seem a fit emblem
of the quietude of soul of those in whom Christ
governs? Oh! holy calm for all our doubts
and fears! how I long daily to experience more
of it, to feel as if my will and mouth were in the
dust, and He exalted over all. 'Glorious is
He in holiness, fearful in praises, doing won-
ders!' His power, might and mercy seem so
great that I often feel, ' Who would" not fear
thee, thou King of saints.'
" Thy dear little note seemed to disclose much
to me. If by patiently performing the part at
home, with cheerfulness and loving kindness
thou art glorifying Him, the reward will be sure
and perhaps by thy sweetness and gentleness
thou canst win other dear ones to Him. I think
that a very lovely character of which we read,
where all in the household can nestle their joys
and sorrows with confidence. But methinks
that one's cup must often be replenished at the
pure Fountain or it would fail. . . .
" Didst thou think of me in my trial ? Well
it is over now, and when thou comes, perhaps
my outward apparel may appear a little differ-
ent, and oh, that I could say that the inward
adorning was more settled and deep in charac-
ter.
" While with Anne Sheppard, during the last
week of vacation, we did something at collect-
ing flowers for bleaching and skeletonizing and
I want to go out on my next holiday, to assist
her a little. . . . Didst thou ever think of those
flowers being a type of the resurrection of the
soul, clothed in pure white before its Creator?
They have to pass through so much cleansing
and finally become so white and beautiful that
they remind me of it.
130
THE FRIEND.
Eleventh Mo. 14, 1896 :
" Now dearest, in a portiou of this pure and
loving Spirit, luy heart salutes thee and says
fare>Yell.
"Thine, truly as ever,
" D. B."
2olii. — Tlirough adorable mercy Lave been
enabled to walk almost entirely in the strait
and narrow way during the past week. Glory
and honor, thanksgiving and praise be unto this
little seed of life made manifest in my soul.
Oh ! help me to put my mouth in the dust,
that thou may be exalted, God over all.
31st. — Thou Lord dost condescend to teach
me thyself and I come unto thee like a little
child. Have mercy upon me ! Hold my hand
lest I slip! Show me, oh Lord, of thy spirit
and power! Ttach me the revelation of unut-
terable truth and acceptance of a wonder work-
ing power, which can change the heart, humble
the lofty spirit and produce a holy frame of
mind, rejoicing in the fruits of the Spirit, light-
eousness, peace and joy in the Holy Ghost.
(To be continued.)
For "The Frieud."
Saul— Paul.
Perhaps there is no more notable example
of the power of God to save and the Holy Spirit
to transform a life than we get in the change
of Saul, of Tarsus, to Paul, the great disciple to
the Gentile woild.
Saul the persecutor, making havoc in the
church, hauling to prison men and women who
were of the " Way."
Paul, preaching that Christ fearlessly, whom
he had aforetime blasphemed so vehemently.
How blessedly Christ can save those who
come to Him and submit to the Holy Spirit to
do his way. But one may say, " Of course,
Saul was a bad man, persecuting the Church,
and by his actious showing an evil heart. I
am not like him, he needed a change to be
wrought. I have never done any real bad
thing. I believe in doing the best I can, and
I think I am all right." Li.sten ! Saul, of Tar-
.'-us thoitght he did God service, and my dear
soul, hear this, "All have sinned and come
short of the glory of God."
"J]xcept a man be born again he cannot
enter into the kingdom of God." Cannot even
ace it — simply cannot, the same as I cannot see
the Yosemite Valley if I do not seek it. But
listen again. " To as many as received Him to
them gave He power to become the children
of God." So He will do now. As many as
open their hearts and admit this Lord of life.
He becomes their life in deed and truth.
Dear heart. He will transform thy lii'e. Let
no one think a mere head knowledge and be-
lief will avail. If Ihy love and loyalty to thy
Lord, does not .show in thy life, I question very
much whether thou hast seen or hast the king-
dom of God, for that kingdom is peace. If'a
man has been ill-natured and unkind in his
family, unlovable and unlovely, and still shows
the same unyielding spirit, no matter what he
may say as to himself, people read the life, and
we are said to be "ei)islles read and known."
How needful then that they who profess to be
of God's people, should in their life and con-
duct show forth the fruits of the Spirit! A man
is not an example of Christ-serving if he is
proud and over-bearing, carrying a high head.
He does not show a changed life if he thinks
only of self, and cares little how anyone else
fares. No, the loving. Christ like spirit is self-
sacrificing, gentle, teachable, kind. If Christ
be in us we will show forth the Christ-life and
likeness. " Ye must be born again," and the
new birth is a changed life, the old man cast
out, and the new man, the holy one, taking
possession. "All things become new," because
the "old things are jiassed away." If Christ
be formed in you, then ye are new creatures
— a new creation — and this is "a life hid with
Christ in God." Oh ! blessed life, how differ-
ent from the old.
Dear reader, seek to know thou hast truly
passed from death unto life, then wilt thou in-
deed be a light in the world. Do not rest then
in an easy indifference, uncertain how it may
be with thee, but listen to the voice of the Holy
Spirit. He will tell thee where thou standest.
He will show thee thy heart, and if thou art
not already his, let Him now transform thy
nature, and thy life will show forth his praise,
peace shall be thy portion in this life, and in
the life to come eternal rest. Delay not, for no
man kuoweth when he will be called hence to
render an account to God. Oh! may we be
ready to enter into the gates of the City.
J. H. Y.
The Plain Language.
One day, when reading in the Scriptures,
which were become more sweet to me, the fourth
chapter of John, where the account is given
of the conversation the Saviour had with the
woman of Samaria, it is said she told her neigh-
bors she had seen a man who had told her all
things that ever sl:e did. Then did they come
also to hear Him, and said unto her. " Now we
believe — not because of thy saying, for we have
heard Him ourselves." Although I had ad-
mired the Scripture language, which was spoken
by the Quakers, and thought there was great
simplicity in it, yet I had never felt that any
part of it belonged to me until that moment;
neither was I then thinking anything about the
language, either how it was written or spoken,
but as I was reading the words, " Now we be-
lieve—not because oi tliy saying." As soon as
I had pronounced in my heart the single word
thy, it was as fire in ray bones, or as a sharp
two edged sword. I could not proceed. I trem-
bled, and it was made known to me that that
was the simple, the pure, the uucorrupted man-
ner in which God had instructed his creatures
to have communication one with another. Oh !
the purity and beauty that was opened to my
mind respecting it.
The first conversation that God had with
man was thus begun, "Adam, where art thouf"
And all the communication between God and
man— with all the prophets, and the blessed
Jesus, and the apostles, they were all in the
same manner. That I may truly say they were
as so many voices calling aloud to me and say-
ing, "This is the way, walk thoni in it." But
all these things I hid in my heart.
The requiring of the Lord, increased from
day to day, to be obedient unto Him, and to
use the Scripture language— this was indeed to
try as by fire. Many were the times I have
sat in ray work-room, the girls at work around,
when the power of the Lord has arrested me as
an armed man, calling aloud for obedience, and
I have said in my sore trouble, " Lord, if Thou
wilt strengthen me, I will be obedient to Thee
before I rise from this seat." But alas ! alas !
when the girls have spoken to me, I have an-
swered in my former manner, and again been
much m sorrow. I may say, for many raonths
my soul was very sorrowful, even almost unto
death ; for had my Holy Father required my
life at my hand, I would gladly have given up i
this instead of saying thee and thou to a single
person. Often, when walking in the fields,
which I was obliged to do almost daily, my
health being very feeble, I have poured out my
soul before God, begging for strength to take
up this great cross, and often saying in my
heart, " There are many good people who do
not use this language ; why may I not please
Thee without speaking thus?" but my reason-
ings were all in vain, for I was made truly sen-
sible that " obedience is better than sacrifice,
and to hearken than the fat of rams." I have
said, " If Thou wilt strengthen me, I will never'
again rebel against Thee in this;" but the first
person that has addressed me, I have fallen
again into condemnation — like poor Samson,
shorn of his strength. Oh ! wretched creature
that I am, who shall deliver me from this bond-
age— the fear of man.
I had been instructed by the Lord that I was
not to do his work partially, neither was I to
respect persons, so I could no more speak to my
apprentice in this language than I could to a
lady. At last my bodily strength began again
to fail, and my health sunk under such a pres-
sure of continual condemnation. As sensibly
as Paul ever felt, that a woe would be unto
him if he preached not the Gospel, so sensibly
did I feel, that except I gave up to use the
whole Scripture language, I should be a casta-
way. I, tremblingly, gave up and said, "My
Father! my Father! if I perish I will be obe-
dient." The trial was long, and the fire ex-
ceedingly fierce ; but ray adorable Saviour, who
said to his immediate followers," Take DO thought'
beforehand what ye shall answer, for it shall|.
be given you in that same hour," was near to!
help in every time of need.
Those who employed me in my business were'
generally the great and rich of this world, in
consequence of which my cross was much great-
er. When attending some ladies, I have been
arrested by Divine power, so that I have felt
constrained to tell them what was required of
me. On these occasions, some have said I was
a very good creature, quite good enough, there
was no reason whatever for me to change ; but
they believed what I did was from principle.
Others said, I was beside myself, it was all non-
sense; others were dreadfully enraged, sajing
it was too much equality, it was not showing,
proper respect to my superiors. 1
The Lord, in mercy, gave me power to declare;
his truth, and the opposing spirit was bound!
down at those times. One day, a lady, a well-J
wisher of mine, said, "My dear Loveday, I;
would advise you to take care what you are
about, for I heard some ladies say they should
not employ you again." I felt this as a dart'
to my heart ; but was strengthened to answer
with these words, " He who feeds the ravens
when they cry unto Him, has taught me to look
to Him for my daily bread." My soul was
strengthened, for power was given from on high.j
yet I ofttiraes shunned the cross. Very manyl
times I have not spoken half what I wanted to
speak, because the cross was so great. I believe'
had I been more faithful to the instructions of
my Allwise Teacher, this fiery trial would not
have lasted so long, I was led daily to see the
pride of the human heart, in its unrenewed
state, looking for the honor that cometh from
man ; but these things drove rae more and more
to the fountain head of all hapf)iness, for fromj
Him cometh my help. — From the Memoir ofLove-\
day Henwood.
THE FRIEND.
VM
A Letter from Germany.
GOTTKNGEN, Temh Mi.nih 10th, '9G.
This week my friend Ida came to GoUeugen
;() be treated. She is in a hospital for a week,
jnd I go to see her every afternoon, and it is so
pleasant for both of us. I am not allowed to
iee her mornings. If I had not been here, her
tnother would have come, although it did not
suit her, so I am very glad that I can be a
little bit of use to some one.
' Andreasberg is only a little over an hour
ind a half from here by railroad, and I shall
probably go to see her sometime in the winter.
I should love to be there when there is snow
jvery where.
■ To-day Fraulein F and the two children
md I took a long walk to a most picturescjue
lyillage — situated on the top of a high hill that
looks down upon the valley in which Gi'ittengen
lays. People who have been there say that the
village called Nicolausberg is situated exactly
Jike the holy city, Jerusalem. They often call it,
therefore, " Klein Jerusalem," and have named
the various elevations about " jSIount of Olives,"
:'Zion," and so on. The way up was very in-
teresting, a delightful path wound up the hills
;hat extend along the north side of our valley,
Wving a charming view.
f' We are having now the "Alter Wiber Sum-
mer" (old wives summer)— really perfect to-
•lay, warm and sunshiny, such as we have had
very few of for several months. The harvests
are all in, or at least nearly so, for at present
they are at work taking out the last potatoes
from the ground, and also the sugar-beets, of
which an immense amount are raised in this
Section of the country. The trees are all chang-
ing their foliage, and many stand already bare.
The colors are fine, though not to compare with
what we have very often with us. After reach-
ing the top of the range of hills, we descended
^ steep slope, to again climb a yet higher and
'steeper one, upon the top of which we could
now see the body of the old church, whose
tower is a landmark over the entire surround-
ing country.
We had brought " butter-brot," along, and at
a very uninviting looking " Gasthouse" (village
liotel), we could get milk and beer. A — and
I took a glass each of the former, while the
other two preferred the German beverage.
While it was being brought and the others
were resting, I took the time to wander about
the old graveyard surrounding the "kirche,"
whose tower is so conspicuous a feature of the
landscape. It is one of the finest buildings of
the kind in this part of the country, and dates
from some time in the tenth or eleventh cen-
tury. I found no very old tombstones, but I
imagine the oldest graves are entirely oblit-
erated. A rambling wall encloses it from the
'orchards and barn yards of the neighboring
houses, and from its steep sloping position one
has a charming view of the distant towers of
Gottengen, seen through a V-shaped opening in
the distance, and of the hills beyond, as well as
of the picturesque red tiled roofs embosomed in
verdure, of the houses of the village that cluster
in romantic confusion along the sides of the
hills.
On our way down we met a remarkable team
drawing a cart loaded with sugar-beets. It was
composed of an old horse and a cow harnessed
together.
At the foot of the hill we noticed as we came
up a field that was a perfect mass of gorgeous
red poppies and what the Germans call " korn-
blumen," they are really beautiful together. We
sent the children on ahead to gather a bouquet,
and when we came along the temptation was too
great — we loo waded in amongst them, although
it was already late, and we all came home
laden with handsome bouquets. If this weather
continues we will soon take another trip to a
beautiful old ruin not far away, and then there
are a host of villages that I want to visit. It
is a pity that the da-ys are so short, but the sun-
shine we must make use of while it lasts.
Scarcely a day passes that I do not feel thank-
ful for the quiet and comfortable home that I
have here. This immense garden is my constant
retreat. Often morgens before the others are
stirring, I am out with my book, getting the
fresh air and early sunshine, and when it rains
I put on my waterproof an<l an old hat and
overshoes, audgo just the same. E. S. K.
A Nearer View of the Jasmine Tower.
Many of the readers of thy paper will recall
the visit to Philadelphia, several years ago, of
that well educated benevolently inquisitive Hin-
du lady, the Pundita Ramabai, upon the occa-
sion of which visit she was the guest of Dr.
Rachel L. Bodley, since deceased. Dean of the
Women's Medical College. Soon after her re-
turn to India she was enabled to inaugurate, at
her native city of Pooua, the institution which
she had had so much at heart for the instruc-
tion and care of that much despised and op-
pressed class, the young widows of her race. A
very interesting letter, which she has la'ely
written to her American friends comes as a
quite pertinent comment upon the remark that
was made the other day by our eminent visitor,
Li Hung Chang, concerning the near approach,
in his estimation, of the religion of Christ to
that of Confucius. (I think that we should
find the religious beliefs of China and India
much more nearly allied: (Buddhism prevails
in both countries). Those who, with myself,
have read thrilling rhapsodies upon the won-
derfully exquisite architecture of the Taj M.thal,
may be especially instructed by what the pun-
dita says in her recent letter.
Opening with the remark that "a superficial
knowledge of the philosophies aud religious
books of India has been misleading many West-
ern people to think that the Hindus are the
sole possessors of superior spirituality," so that
she is not at all surprised that the good men
and women of the West, who only see the out-
side of the grand structures of Oriental philoso-
phy, are cliarmed with them," she continues:
'"' This reminds me of the sight I saw at Agra,
while I visited that city, about 189-1. One day
we went into the fort to see the grand palaces
of the Mogul Emperors. There we saw the
great Khas Mahal, or the Emperor's private
palace, where he used to keep hundreds of
beautiful women shut up for life. The guide
showed us the Rani's private rooms, the gardens
and grand marble buildings once occupied by
the kings and queens. He also showed us the
beautiful pleasure tower, called Saman Burj
Visitors are shown all that is beautiful there
and they go away carrying very pleasant im
pressions of Agra with them."
Not content with seeing the charming ex
terior of those " poems in marble," Ramabai
asked to be shown the dungeons where those
queens who unhappily incurred the king's dis
pleasure were put away. Although the guide
at first denied the existence of such places, his
denial and reluctance were overcome. A trap
loor on one side the palace was opened, letting
the visitor into the underground ajjartmcnts ;
then, a big torch lighted, they proceeded to the
furtliest end of the great building to a room
beneath the Saman Burj, or Jasmine Tower.
"The room was very dark, octagonal, with a
deep, dark pit in the centre, and a big beatri
placed on the walls right over that pit. This
beam, beautifully carved, served for hanging
the unfortunate women who once occuj)ied the
throne of the king as his queens, but had by
some unknown cause fallen under his diH[)lea.s-
ure, and had to sutler such a cruel and ignoble
rleath. Their lifeless liodies were let down into
that dark pit, whence a stream carried them lo
the waters of the Jumna, to be eaten by croco-
diles."
It would be interesting to transcribe all the
letter, but an additional sentence or two must
suffice. Ramabai would have her Western sis-
ters not to be satisfied " with looking on the
outside beauty of the grand philosophies, and
not to be charmed with hearing the long and
interesting discourses of our educated men, but
to open the trap-door of the great monuments
of Hindu intellect and enter into the dark cel-
lars, where they will see the real workings of
the philosophies which they admire so much."
" I have gone," she says, " to many of the so-
called sacred places, lived among the people,
and seen enough of these learned philosophers
and possessors" of superior Hindu spirituality
who oppress the widows and trample the [loor,
ignorant, low-caste people under their heels.
They send out hundreds of emissaries to look
for young widows, and bring them by hundreds
and" thousands to the sacred cities to rob them
of their money and their virtue. . . If any-
thing has been done for the fatherless and
widow by anybody at all, it has been done by
those people who have come under the direct
influence of Christianity."
It was in erateful recognition of the fact that
when the wife of Earl Li was critically ill, her
doctors having declared they could do no more
for her and she " must die," yet the subsequent
efforts of missionary physicians (one of them a
woman doctor of the American Methodist Mis-
sion), were, nevertheless, successful, that the
Viceroy entered heartily into the project to es-
tablish " a great hospital plant and efficient
service for men and a second hospital for wom-
en," himself the chief patron of the one, his re-
stored wife that of the other.
Earl Li does not believe that the opium pro-
duction and the use of the drug are good things
for " the celestial empire." It was about thirty-
five years ago that the Earl of Shaftesbury— a
good, practical exponent of Christianity, intro-
duced into the British Parliament a motion of
inquiry (1) into the lawfulness of the revenue
derived in India from the cultivation of the
poppy, and (2) whether it was lawful to pre-
pare the drug for the purpose of smuggling it
into China. Although neither of these queries
has yet been satisfactorily answered by the
Government to which they were addressed, it
may meanwhile be said that the religion of the
Lord Jesus Christ neither fosters nor defends
the baneful traffic. It sufficeth not to draw the
world's admiring attention to the exquisitely
sculptured exterior of the Temple. " The King's
daughter," said the Psalmist, " is all glorious
within." — Joslah W. Leeds in the Public Ledger.
Nothing should be reckoned bad, or called
an evil, if God sent it ; whatever He sends is
good.
132
THE FRIEND.
Eleventh Mo. 14, lS9f
For "The Friend."
Lioes in memory of Jane H. Sears, of Coal Creek,
Iowa, who passed "away Seventh ilo. 31st, 1^96, after
a sickness of less than twenty-four hours, a large part
of which time she was unconscious.
On a quiet summer evening.
When the sun was sinking low,
O'er the wires c;ime solemn tidings.
Which it grieved our hearts to know ;
That a cousin we had cherished
Ever since our childhood days,
For her heart so true and loving.
For her kind and gentle ways,
Had been called by Death's bright angel —
Ere we knew it she was gone ; —
But we feel her lamp was burning
And her Christian armor on.
Well we knew that there were dear ones
Gathered round her dying bed,
W'ho to every need were faithful,
Who kind words of pity said.
Though our frail and finite reason
Cannot understand or see
Why her call should be so sudden,
And so wrapt in mystery,
Why, when came to her the summons.
Those by kindred ties most near
Might not gather round her bedside,
Shed o'er her the parting tear.
Might not see the look so peaceful
Telling us of Heavenly bliss,
As we bent above her coffin
For a last, long loving kiss.
Why no word of sweet assurance
To her dear ones she might give.
That she heard her Heavenly Father
Calling her with Him to live.
That she felt his power, sustaining
In the solemn hour of death,
And his arras of love and mercv
Kound about and underneath.
Yet we dare not doubt or question,
For we feel that all is well ;
That our dear one with the angels
Safe forevermore will dwell ;
For this precious consolation
To our saddened hearts is given :
She had loved the dear Redeemer,
She had lived her life for Heaven.
And truly we may say of her
"She hath done^vhat she could,"
For, all-forgetful of herself,
She lived for others' good.
On tender ministries she came
And went with willing feet,
And round our daily lives she ca,st
An influence, pure and sweet.
And, although our hearts are longing
For her presence as of yore.
And though tears of love'are flowing
For our dear one gone before.
Though we miss her far too deeply
To be told by tongue or pen.
Vet we would not wish to call her
Back to earth, to life again ;
But would bow in meek submission
To our Heavenly Father's will.
And, in humble, deep contrition,
Would be found abiding still.
S. D. S
Barnesvii.le, Ohio.
ill lb(
For-'THK Friend.'
"WE ALL DO FADE AS A LEAF "
(Is. Ixiv : 6).
The mild .\utnmnal days have come,
When million leaves <jf varied forms their i
beauty show —
Nor rainbow huts nor sunset skies can e'en with
coniiiare,
When, clustering on every bough, their gorgeous
rubfslbey «ear.
The crimson of the maple and the poplar's golden
In richest tints, we note beneath their canopy of blue.
And darki-ome pines the many shades of color inter-
vene.
By contrast strong, to beautify the bright and pleasing
And is there not a lesson in the lovely changing leaf,
To warn the tboughtle^s worldly one, his lite is surely
brief;
That, as he nears the solemn close, his soul the mark
should bear
That he is ripening peacefully while leaving earthly
care ?
May glories of the unseen world then gild his latest
day.
As if reflected from above, in pure celestial ray.
And, when in death his faded form, mute and uncon-
scious lies.
The Saviour's smile illuminate his pathway to the
skies. John Collins.
Philadelphia, Tenth Month, 1896.
The Plain Pathway of Salvation.
The Lord Jesus Christ is the only Saviour.
Grace and Truth comes by Jesus Christ.
The Lord Jesus Christ saves by the grace
and Truth which comes by Him.
For, it is the grace of God that brings salva-
tion, and it is tiie Truth, as it is in Jesus, which
makes free indeed.
He, therefore, that would be saved from sin
and condemnation, must wait for the inward
manifesting and revealing of the grace and
Truth in his heart ; and must receive it, and
be subject to it, learning of the grace to deny
ungodliness and worldly lusts in every kind ;
and he must learn of the Truth as it is in Jesus,
to deny whatever is contrary to the life, nature
and Spirit of Jesus. He must likewise learn
of the grace and Truth, to fear God ; to turn
from all false, invented worships and ways of
men, and to worship God, J,he Father of Spirits,
in spirit and in truth ; and, as he learns and
practices this, he will also learn of the grace
and Truth, to live soberly and righteously in
this present world, yea, and godly also, even
as (he holy God would have him ; for, God
would have men live no otherwise than as his
grace and Truth teaches them. Now, God's
grace and Truth, and the law of the Spirit of
life in Christ Jesus, which is written in the in-
ward parts, do not only teach that which is
good, and to deny and depart from that which
is evil, but give ability so to do. " My grace is
sufficient for thee," said God to Paul. And the
Truth of Jesus, revealed inwardly, hath virtue
and' power in it; insomuch, that they who re-
ceive the grace and Truth which comes by Jesus
Christ, receive power to become sons of God.
For the grace, the Truth, is not a notional thiug,
but hath the virtue and power of life, and mor-
tification in it; and they that truly receive it,
partake of its virtue and power in operation
and exercise of it in their hearts, and are there-
by really made dead unto sin and alive unto
God.
So, then, he that knows the grace and Truth
which comes by Jesus Christ, receives it, learns
of it, is subject to it, and partakes of its virtue
and power, he knows Christ unto salvation ; but
he that knows not, receives not, is not subject
to the grace, tioth not experience the sufficiency
of the gi-ace, nor witness ability and power
through it to become a son to God, and to do
the will of God,— he doth not yet at all know
the Lord Jesus Chri.st unto the salvation of hi.s
soul, notwithstanding whatsoever he may pro-
fess or believe concerning Him.—/. Peiiiiigton.
Curious
Nearly all the jelly-fishes are luminous, anc
on dark nights the sight as one gazes into ths
water is a marvellous one. Instead of darkness
and gloom, the water appears to be filled with
lights which move in every direction, with lout
tails like comets, others like mimic suns anc
moons. These remarkable creatures are s(
delicate that many can be seen, but not felt
and nearly ail are ninety-five per cent, water
so that when exposed to tiie sun they soon dis
appear, evaporating like water itself. Thej
range in size from specimens just visible to mon
sters almost capable of stopping a boat, anc
with a maze of tentacles sufficient to drown ;
man or seriously poison him by the dischargi
of their batteries of lasso cells.
One of the largest jelly-fishes ever seen ii
American waters was observed by Mrs. Loui
Agassiz, who found it floating on the surface ii
Massachusetts Bay. An oar was used to meas
ure it, and across the disc it was seven feet
while the mass of tentacles as they stretchet
away, was over one hundred feet in length
Imagine this monster, this mass of solidifiet
water luminous, a gigantic comet moving througi
the depths of the ocean, each individual tenta
cle standing out in high relief against the darl
water, and some conception may be had of thi
sights to be seen beneath the sea.
The light emitted by these jelly-fishes is calle(
phosphorescence, but what it is or how it is pro
duced is more or less a mystery. In some i
invests the entire animal, in others the umbrell;
of the jelly is the light-giving organ, while ii
others it is confined to certain portions of th
body. The light varies in color. The comraoi
tint is j'ellow or white, while blue, green an<
red are seen, so that the jellies appear like gem'
in the sea, scintillating with all the tints of th
diamonu.
By stirring small jellies violently the write
has produced a light by wbich the time wa
told at night by a watch ; and one luminou
jelly-fish placed in twenty-seven ounces of mili
produced a light so vivid that ordinary news
paper print could be read several feet awaj
More remarkable yet was the experience of .
naturalist in the equatorial Pacific, who stooi
on the shore of an island and read a book b
the light of the breaking waves, which wer
grinding up the fragile fire-bodies and makin;
a line of fire or light that reached away fo
miles.
The writer has witnessed a similar phenome
non in extreme southern Florida, where th
waves broke on a coral reef, at night making .
gradual curve of white light that could be dis
tinguished a long distance on the darkest night
The water here was filled with jellyfishes am
other minute jelly-like forms, so that the slight'
est disturbance in the water created a blaze o
light.
The light of jelly-fishes has a practical valu(
On the New England coast the mackerel fishei
men take advantage of it by following the school i
at night, relying on the tell-tale jellies and othe 1
minute light-givers to expose the situation o|
the fish, which they really do by a simple pre
cess. The mackerel, by swimming along in
vast body, disturb tlie jellies, irritating ther
so that the entire school looks like a patch o
fire on the water, which can be seen from th
top-mast of the mackerel-men a long distanc
ofi'. Toward it the vessel is directed, the larg
net thrown about the fiery spot, and enorraou
hauls of fish made.
If a single school offi.sh can change the wate
Eleventh Uo. 14, 1896
THE FRIEND.
133
or acres into a mass of seeming fire, we can
]ra:igine the appearance of tlae ocean in a storm
tvhere phosphorescent animals abound. The
,'ffect in such cases is often remariiable. Ahead
jf the ship will be a mass of foam blazing like
iire, and so brilliant that the sails, masts and
-igging are illumined by it. In such a sea one
i)f the most remarkable of all phenomena was
observed — a luminous waterspout. The spout
;ivas large and seemed lost in the clouds, a literal
pillar of fire travelling by night, and so appall-
ing a spectacle that it terrified mariners; yet
ihe simple phosphorescent jellyfishes, diatoms,
jnoctiliica, and others, were the cause; whirled
about, torn apart by the rushing waters, the
light was augmented until the entire monster
:olunui appeared to blaze with light and stand
out agiiinst the sky like a pillar of fire. Such
^ sight might well excite the superstitious fears
of the sailors and augment the terrors of the
3ea.
One of the most remarkable of the jelly-like
luminous animals is known as the pyrosoma,
or " tire-body." It resembles a cylinder, open
at one end, from six inches to four or five ftet
an length, and is in reality a community of ani-
mals, better known as an ascidian. A ship once
sailed through a sea of these creatures, with a
jTesult that was awe aspiring. The water had
a milky appearance, and looked, upon exami-
nation, as though it were filled with red-hot
^cylinders. The sea when it broke gave a spectral
glare to everything, so that the sails and rigging
least dark shadows on the deck.
Some of these fire-bodies were nearly five feet
(in length, and presented a most singular spec-
,tacle when brought on deck, great waves of fire
sweeping over the surface, which seemed to be
jStudded with bolts, or to have the appearance
of hammered brass. The naturalist Bibra took
one of these fire-bodies and placed it in ajar
of water which he suspended from the ceiling,
when it emitted so brilliant a light that he
I actually wrote a description of the animal by its
own light.
, The animals which constitute these cylinders
each draw in water from the outside and eject
■it into the interior, and the volume rushing out
or forced out of the larger end, forces the ani-
mal along, after the manner of some of the
steamers used in canals, in which water is sim-
ply forced out of a pipe in the stern, thus push-
ing them along.
These lights have their uses in the economy
of nature; they are signals and warnings, and
undoubtedly aid the illumination of the sub-
marine world. The light is well known in every
sea, familiar to everyone who has crossed the
■ ocean or sailed upon it, and there is hardly a
branch of the animal kingdom that does not
j contain a light-giver ; yet no one, so far, has
given a satisfactory explanation of the cause of
the light — the same light, apparently, that is
seen in living animals, in decayed wood and
animal matter, in minerals, and under condi-
tions in which ordinary light cannot exist or
combustion continue.— C. F. Holder in The Out-
lool:
For "THE Fkiknd."
The time is near to come and the days shall
not be prolonged. Let not buyer rejoice, nor
the seller mourn; for wrath shall be upon the
whole people. And it behooves us to humble
ourselves as the King of Nineveh did when he
laid aside his royal robes and clothed him-
self in sackcloth and sat in ashes, and pro-
claimed a fast, saying, Let not man nor beast
take anything. But let us cry mightily U> the
Lord. It may be that He may repent, that we
jierish not. Let us aknowledge our sins. We
have all sinned and fallen short of the glory of
God. Let us lift up our hearts to the Lord,
that He may have mercy on the workmanship
of his holy hand, for his names sake, and for bin
sake who died for us, and ever livelli to make
intercession for us, that He may not spare till
He has humbled us, and we turn from the evil
of our ways. And the day dawn when right-
eousness shall cover the earth as waters do the
Natural History, Science, etc.
Leopards in Africa. — G. Scott Elliot, in his
journey to Mount Ruwenzori in Northeastern
Africa says: " This part of the mountain was a
very bad place for leopards. One very dark
night a porter went outside the camp and was
seized by one. On hearing the noise I rushed
out, and, after some trouble and much exjjendi-
ture of powder, found the man with part of his
cheek bitten out and severe wounds on the
neck. As soon as I had attended to him the
leopard leaped into the camp amongst the fires
and seized another man. When I got to him I
found a bad cut in his breast and blood spurt-
ing from a wound in the neck ; he was breathing
through the breast and part of the lung was
visible. With much trouble we got his wounds
sewn up by means of an ordinary needle and
thread. I spent the rest of the night in a chair,
with a rifle across my knee, and though the
animal tried twice to get into the camp, we saw
it in time.
" These creatures never used to prey on man,
according to native report; but since all the
goats and fowls had been driven off by Kab-
barega they had become a great nuisance. The
natives build high fences of branches and ele-
phant grass, and retire within them at three
p. Ji. every day. Leopards in this part hunt in
perfect silence, never coughing as they do in
West Africa.
" I am glad to say both these men reached
the coast safely in spite of my surgery. '
The Bamboo Zone. — The mountain forest zone
passes upward into that of the bamboo, which
on Kenya occupies the slopes from the height of
eight thousand to nine thousand eight hundred
feet. The bamboos are packed together so closely
that, except where the elephants have forced a
way through them, a path has to be cut step
by step. The bamboos rise to the height of
over forty feet, and the stems are often from
three to four inches in diameter at the base.
Above they branch repeatedly, and the foliage
interlocks with an imperfect thatch, which is
always sodden with moisture.
Whipple of Minnesota and his Horse
Bashaw.
Here is what he says of his noble horse " Ba-
shaw," that served him in all the long wild
journeys over that then new country.
" When I was appointed there was not one
mile of railway in Minnesota. I could only
travel on horseback or in a buggy or sleigh.
' Bashaw' was a kindly fellow, and had every
sign of noble birth, a slim, delicate head, promi-
nent eyes, small, active ears, large nostrils, full
chest, "thin gambrels, heavy cords, neat fetlocks,
and black as a coal. He was my friend and
companion in nearly forty thousand miles' travel,
always full of spirit yet gentle as a girl. I never
struck him but once, and that was to save his
life and mine on the brink of a precipice; and
when saved, the tears filled my eyes. He knew
how I loved him and he loved me as well as
horse ever loved his master. He never forgot
any place where he had ever been, and many
a time he has saved our lives when lost on the
prairie. In summer heat and winter storm he
kept every ai)pointment, and it was done by
heroic effort. It was no easy task to travel in
winter over prairies without a house for twenty
miles.
I recall time after time when we were lost.
In ]<SU1 I left New Ulm for the lower Siou.K
agency, when the thermometer was thirty-six
degrees below zero at noon ; there was an ugly
freckled sky, and long rifts of clouds. For
seven miles there were houses in the distance,
and then twenty miles across the prairie without
a house. We were in it; our motto was, 'No
step backward.' In about an hour we came to
a place where the snosv had been blown away;
it was stubble and no sign of a road. I was
lost! I turned the horses back to follow my
sleigh tracks; the wind had obliterated them.
We started in the direction of the agency. The
country was full of little coolies, and soon I had
both horses down in snow-drifts. After great
efforts we got back on the prairie. Night had
come on ; not a star, the wind howling like
wolves. I knelt down and said my prayers,
wrapped myself in buffalo robes, threw the reins
on the dash-board, and then prepared to let the
horses walk where they would until daylight.
About midnight old Bashaw stopped so sud-
denly that it threw me on to the da.^h-board.
I jumped from the sleigh, and found an Indian
trail which looked like a snake under the snow.
I knew that one end of it was at the agency,
but which' I knew not. We followed the trail
until we saw a light. Never did a horse neigh
more joyously as he sprang towards it ; we were
saved. Dear old fellow! As I put him in his
stall he nipped me with his lips with a marvel-
lous look out of those grand eyes, as much as
to say, ' Master, all's well.'
So many have asked me to tell them about
dear Bashaw, I am sure you will not blame me
for telling vou again about this brave creature
of God."— Our Dumb Animals.
Potently Ixfluesced.— A singular exam-
ple of the way in which human lives, separated
by space and time, are inextricably woven to-
gether is given by the Congregationalisl.
A young man who was b(jrn in the Sandwich
Islands became a missionary, and in course of
time found his way to a station in China. He
was not only a zealous Christian, but a natural-
ist, and made in odd moments a special study
of snails, and sent one or two papers on them
to an English scientific journal.
The close observation, clearness and inexora-
ble logic shown in these papers attracted the
attention of the late Professor George James
Romanes, of the Royal Institution, London, who
opened a correspondence with the missionary.
Professor Romanes was a prominent scientific
man, a Darwinian and an atheist. After ex-
changing letters upon snails for several years
with him, the missionary received from the
London scientist a startling appeal.
Professor Romanes stated that the manner in
which his unknown correspondent had written
on natural subjects had convinced him of his
high logical faculty, his keenness of mental
vision and his conscientiousness. He had re-
solved to ask him, rather than any other man,
why he believed in Christianity.
134
THE FRIEND.
Eleventh Mo. 14, 189(
The missionary replied at length. A year or
two later the great scientist died, but he pro-
claimed some time before his illness that he had
returned to the faith of his childhood. The
humble missionary was, it is probable, the chief
agent in restoring this leader of modern thought
to the ranks of religious truth.
It really appears to be a matter of small im-
portance whether a poor clergyman, amusing
his leisure moments with the snails in his garden,
should be sternly faithful to the work ; but if
he had been less minute, less reasonable or less
conscientious to the snails, he never would have
gained the power to influence this other man on
the other side of the world, and through him
to a degree the progress of thought itself in
England.
Each act of ours goes out into the world as
on an electric wire. You may never know who
stands at the other end of the line, but some
one is influenced thereby. — The Presbyterian.
Demand for India Rubber.
The cycle buom, which has given such an
impetus to the rubber trade, may wax or it may
wane — the former is the more likely — but the
demand for India rubber will in all probability
go on forever, like Tennyson's " Brook," only
more so. Already every up to-date cabby has
his rubber-tired hansom, and in the silent time
coming, when Jehu will manipulate a handle
instead of driving a "gee," the motor cars and
brakes and broughams will all be tired with
rubber — if the supply holds out. For aught
we know, the twentieth century coster will hawk
his vegetables from a rubber-tired motor bar-
row, and the trains roll along on rubber wheels.
There isn't much doubt about the demand, but
will the supply be equal to it? At present the
bulk of imported rubber may be called " wild."
It is collected in the forests and jungles. The
cultivated plantations may almost be counted
on one's fingers. In Chontales, Nicaragua,
there is a small one, visited by the writer in
Third Month last year. Mexico can boast of
two or three, worked by American and English
companies. A species of rubber tree (Manihot)
has been introduced into India and Ceylon from
its South American home, but it is not being
cultivated, except on a small scale. In Brazil
there are said to be a few plantations, but the
produce from these is a mere drop in the ocean.
The outer tube of a cycle may be " Mbungu"
rubber, from East, Central or West Africa ;
" Hule," from Central America or Mexico ;
" Mangabeira" from Pernanibuco ; or it may
have come from Madagascar or Borneo or Pe-
rak. But the inner tube is almost invariably
made of the best Para rubber, obtained from
various species of Hevea in the great forests
which border the river Amazon and its many
branches. Brazilian rubber gatherers go into
the woods with proper utensils, comprising axes,
bowls, paddles, and a small stove. When a
tree is discovered, circular incisions, extending
from the branches to the ground, are made in
the bark, and the white milk runs down the
channels into a bowl at the bottom of the trunk.
It is then poured over the blade of a paddle
held in the smoke of the stove, when the milk
coagulates and forms the black rubber of com-
merce. The Huleros, or rubber gatherers of
Nicaragua, generally Indians or Caribs, aim at
getting rubber with as little trouble as possible.
Instead of using bowls they dig holes for the
milk at the foot of the trees, and, in the happy-
go-lucky Nicaraguan way, leave the necessary
evaporation of water for nature to perform.
Consequently rubber derived from the Castilloa
elastica in Central America is commonly mixed
with grit, and is worth from sixpence to eight-
pence a pound less than Pararubberfrora Brazil.
It is in the systematic cultivation of rubber
trees, however, that huge fortunes are to be
made. The Mexican Minister to the United
States calculates that each six-year old tree
will have cost four-pence for land and cultiva-
tion, and will produce in its sixth year four
pounds of rubber, worth two shillings fourpence
per pound. Everj' year, for an indefinite time,
the yield increases. In Nicaragua, where the
writer has made a special study of the subject,
a bounty of ten cents, native currency, is paid
by the government for every tree planted, and
land may be purchased at five shillings an acre.
Each acre will bear one hundred and ninety-
three trees, planted fifteen feet apart. But the
trees should not be tapped until the eighth year,
by which time, according to the writer's calcu-
lations, they will have cost nine-pence each, and
will yield five pounds of rubber, worth eleven
shillings eightpence, or fourteen shillings if the
milk is gathered and coagulated as in Brazil.
For tbe sake of convenience, let us value the
rubber at two shillings per pound, and see what
will be the profit on a plantation of one hun-
dred acres. The land will cost £25 ; surveying,
£20 ; clearing, £200 ; collecting .seed and plant-
ing, £100 ; eight yearly weedings, at £40 each,
£320 ; implements, £60 ; cost of living for eight
years, at £50 per annum — ample in Nicaragua
— £400 ; gathering the eighth year's crop, £300 ;
total, £1,425.
Now for the profit. Government bounty on
nineteen thousand three hundred trees, £252;
produce at two shillings per pound, £9,650.
Deduct the capital invested, and the net profit
is £8,477. The average increase is one pound
of rubber for each year of the tree's life, so that
the ninth year's profit would be roughly, ^9,870
the tenth, ^11,500 ; the eleventh, 5;i3,160 ; the
twelfth, ^14,800, and so on.
It is pretty clear that if the demand for rubber
should continue to increase, and the area in
cultivation were judiciously extended, the plant-
er would soon be able to write himself down
millionaire! At present the demand shows no
sign of falling ofi". Quite the contrary. Dur-
ing 1895 the imports of rubber into the United
Kingdom aggregated seventeen thousand and
seventy-seven tons, of the value of ^3,766,643.
In the first five months of 1896 the imports
increased by thirteen hundred tons, owing doubt-
less to the cycle boom. — London Evening Stand-
ard.
Slavery is a necessity of Mohammedan
Arab life. The Zanzibar Arabs of Muscat, as
well as the Egyptians and Turks, cannot exist
without slaves. Family and social life is im-
possible without it in all Arabian countries.
Now, both slave boys and girls are hopelessly
depraved. The immorality is such that proba-
bly not one quarter of those who die are re-
l)laced by slaves brought up in the household-
Hence a i)erpetual supply of slaves is necessary,
and that is the root of the slave trade.
We in England are attempting an impossi-
biHty. On the one hand, we uphold the state
of Zanzibar, which is based on .slavery. On the
other, we attempt to put slavery down by our
cruisers, and by perfectly futile legislation at
Zanzibar and along the coast.
Slavery, in fact, is a minor department of the
Arab question.— yl Naturalist in Mid-Africa.
India Paper. — There are secrets in all trades
and sometimes results are attained by barbar
ous peoples which the most civilized peoples
can hardly imitate. The Book Review relates th<
following story of the India paper upon whicbj
some of the Oxford Bibles are printed:
"The marvellous Oxford India paper was;
first introduced in 1875. Since then it has revo-;
lutionized the Bible and prayer-book trade, and
it is now used for all the more popular devo
tional books throughout the world. In the yeai
1841 an Oxford graduate is said to have broughi
home from the far East a small fold of ex '
tremely thin paper, which was manifestly moK
opaque and tough for its substance than any
paper then manufactured in Europe. He pre-
sented it to the Clarendon press. The late
Thomas Come, who had only recently been ap-
pointed printer to the university, found it tc
be just suflicient for twenty-four copies of th(
smallest Bible then in existence — diamond
twenty-four mo. — and printed an edition of thai
number, which bore the date of 1842. The
books were barely a third of the usual thick
ness, and although as much as one hundred
dollars apiece was oflfered for them, no copies
were sold, and they were presented to the queen';
and other distinguished persons.
All eflxirts to trace the paper to its source
were futile, and as years rolled on the circum-
stance was forgotten. But early in 1874 a copj
fell into the hands of Arthur E. Miles, who
showed it to Mr. Frowde, and experiments
were at once set on foot at the Oxford univer-
sity paper-mills, with the object of producing a
similar paper. The first attempts were failures,
but success was achieved, and Aug. 24th, 1875.
an edition of diamond twenty-four mo. Bible,
similar in all respects to the twenty-four copies
printed in 1842, were placed on sale. This was
the first Oxford Bible published by Mr. Frowde.;
The feat of compression was looked upon as as-
tounding, the demand was enormous, and before
long two hundred and fifty thousand copies had
been sold. The paper when subjected to severe
rubbing, instead of breaking into holes, assumed
a texture resembling chamois leather, and a
strip only three inches wide was found able to
support a quarter of a hundredweight without
yielding. The secret of its manufacture, it may
be said, is known only to three living persons."
Assyriology and the Higher Criticism of thftL
Pentateuch. j
BY nuNLOP MOORE.
One of the grandest intellectual triumphs ofJ
the century now closing has been the decipheM
ingofthe cuneiform or arrow-headed charac-
ters, of which a few specimens were formerly^
known, but of which a vast literature has lately
been discovered in the ruins of Nineveh and
Babylon. At the opening of our century no
one knew the value of a single cuneiform letter.
How all the letters came to be deciphered is
related in a very interesting chapter in Kau-'
len's " Assyrian und Babylonian." One stands;
astonished at the labor and ingenuity which;
were at last crowned with complete success in;
the discovery of the significance of a long-for-i
gotten alphabet. After the vowels and conso- :
nants had been found out, and the words could
be spelled, what a task remained in endeavor-
ing to understand the unknown language thus
brought to light, and in translating its litera-i
ture! This study is still in its youth. Yet it;
has yielded certain and valuable results. '
Mo. 14, 1896
THE FRIEND.
135
There are, indeed, persons who refuse to he-
eve that we dare put any confidence in tlie
■;in>l!itions which Assyriologists have pub-
-hul. But a decisive proof tan be furnished
v.xi such scepticism is not warranted. I give
le proof as rehited in the admirable book of
hich I have already made mention. In the
eginning of the year 1857, the well-iinown
Lssyrian scholars, Rawlinson, Hincks, Oppert
'nd Talbot, happened all to be in London. At
|ie suggestion of the last named the directors
if the British Museum supplied each of the four
I'ith a lithographic copy of a long inscription
if the Assyrian King, Tiglath-Pileser, of which
ley requested each to make an independent
(ranslaiion, in onier by the result of this test
i) demonstrate the state of Assyrian investiga-
[oD. After a mouth four sealed translations
'ere put in the hands of the directors. These
•ere opened at the regular session on the twenty-
'fth of Fifth Month. They proved to be, in
he main, in complete agreement. In details
bey varied in such a way as independent trans-
'itions must do. Here was convincing evidence
bat Assyrian scholars were not altogether grop-
]g in the dark, but had reached substantial
nd trustworthy results.
Since 1857 Assyriology has made wonderful
[rogiess. But a con)parison of the translations
ut forth by even the best Assyrian scholars
(iiakes it clear that there is still much playroom
iven to conjecture. Theie can, however, be
fo reasonable doubt that we have now much
|f the old Assyiian literature given to us in
ieiiable versions. The Old Testament has re-
eived from it important illustrations and con-
rmations. It serves to confute efTectually the
ssertion of a man like Sir F. Max Mueller,
iho in his recent GiflTord lectures ventured to
ay that " there was no alphabetic writing before
he seventh century B. C," and urged this
Ueged fact as a sufficient reason for holding
hat the Pentateuch could not have been writ-
en until many hundred years after Mo^es.
specialists in the study of ancient Assyrian lit-
;rature treat statements of this nature with con-
empt. They can point to written Assyrian
locuments, of which they are certain that they
:sisted long before the age of Moses.
But we will not now attempt to show in detail
he manifold apologetic use that can be made
if the old Assyrian records that have been
escued from oblivion. I would here notice
inly a single point in which they are available
or the vindication of the truth of Scripture.
Dr. A. H. Sayce, Professor of Assyriology in
he University of Oxford, is a scholar who is
eraarkably free in criticising the Old Testa-
uent. His views of its inspirations are very
ar removed from orthodoxy. He has no hesi-
ation about charging the sacred text with error
vhen he thinks he sees any reason for doing
0, though the reason may be of the flimsiest
character. In his own way he does much to
mderraine the authority of sacred Scripture;
ind, therefore, what he writes ought to be read
vith caution. But Professor Sayce has become
ery decided in refusing to follow the now fash-
ouable school of Graf and Wellhausen in mak-
ng the Book of Genesis a patchwork of differ-
!nt documents that often contradict one another,
n the Expository Times for Ninth Month he
hows how his Assyriological studies compel
lim to reject the divisive hypothesis that the
lehovistic and Eloliistic portions of Genesis
'ome from distinct sources. He has a conclu-
sive argument against such an analysis of its
■ontents. He calls attention to the resemblances
between the Biblical account of the Deluge and
the Babylonian story of the same catastrophe
contained in the Epic of Gilgames which goes
back to the age of Abraham,
In the July number of the Expository Times
Dr. Sayce furnished a translation of this Baby-
lonian story of the Fhjod. The resemblances
between it and Genesis (vi : 8), are so close and
numerous that they cannot be regarded as al-
together independent accounts. Sayce would
make the writer of the biblical narrative to
have been acquainted with the Babylonian story,
and to have intentionally purged it of its my-
thological elements, and to have made other
alterations. But it is far better lo consider both
accounts dependent on a common tradition cur-
rent among the descendants of Noah in early
times. The one gives this original tradition in
its purity ; the other gives it blended with Ba-
bylonian mythology. The diflerences between
the two accounts of the Deluge are still more
marked than their resemblances. The Babylo-
nian account is grossly polytheistic. Gods " like
flies" are represented as surrounding the hero
Xisuthros, when he, like Noah, offered sacrifice
after his wonderful preservation from the Flood
that destroyed the world, and the great gods of
Babylonia are pictured as contending with each
other. But I will not stop to note here in detail
all the striking points of agreement and differ-
ence between Genesis and the Epic of Gilgames
in the description of the Deluge. Suffice it to
say that Sayce reckons twelve distinct resem-
blances between the Babylonian Epic and what
the divisive critics call the Elohistic narrative
of the Flood in Genesis. He indicates also seven
points common to the same Epic and the por-
tions of the account of the Deluge assigned by
the same critics to the Jehovistic writer in Gene-
sis. What formed one continuous story in the
patriarchal age could not have had this unity
first given to it, as the critics allege, by a com-
piling editor in the fifili century B. C. This,
ill brief, is his contention against the divisive
critics.
But let me content myself with quoting here
the summing up of Prof. Sayce: "We have
seen that the resemblances between the Baby-
lonian and the Biblical accounts are not con-
fined to the so-called Elohistic or Jehovistic
parts of the Biblical narrative, but extend to
the whole of it. We cannot suppose, however,
that two Hebrew writers sat down to copy the
same Babylonian original, the one agreeing to
select what the other omitted, and that their
versions were afterwards dovetaile<l together;
nor can we assume that the author of the Baby-
lonian Epic who flourished in the time of Abra-
ham, had the Biblical version before him in its
present shape. The only other alternative seems
to be that the division of the Biblical text into
an Elohistic and a J.-hovistic document is a
philological mirage. And if it is a mirage in
the account of the Deluge, where the marks of
separate authorship appear to be clearer than
anywhere else in the Pentateuch, it must be still j
more a mirage elsewhere. With the collapse
of the literary analysis of the narrative of the
Deluge, the whole fabric of the literary analysis
of the Pentateuch falls to the ground. And
yet there seems no escajje from the archjeologi-
cal conclusion." For his plain speaking Sayce
has drawn on himself the fierce wrath of the
radical critics.
I understand that the celebrated Assyriolo-
gist. Prof. Fr. Honmiel, agrees with Prof Sayce
in regarding the ancient Assyrian literature as
utterly antagonistic to the principles of the school
of Wellhausen, and that he is now engaged in
[)repariMg an attack from this side on the Cory-
phicus of the destructive criticism of the Pen-
tateuch.—7'/ie Presbyterian.
"And You hath Hk Qlkkkned," etc.
(E])h. ii: 1). — Every fresh ba])lism of the dedi-
cated soul enlarges its capacity, not only to " re-
joice in spirit," but also to .'^uffer in the flesh.
THE FRIEND.
ELEVENTH MONTH 14, 1896.
The subscription list of a periodical like The
Friend, which is continued from year to year,
must, naturally, exj)erience many changes. It.s
older subscribers, w ho have for years derived in-
formation, instruction and encouragement frcjm
its columns, and thus learned to value its weekly
visits, gradually pass away from earth. Others,
through busines-s changes, feel no longer able
to pay the annual subjcription, and desire their
names to be taken from the list. It is evident,
therefore, that if such a paper is to be success-
fully continued, there must be new sub.scribers
in place of those who drop out.
The main object in the publication of The
Friend is the religious welfare of the Society
of Friends, and especially of its own subscrib-
ers. We feel, therefore, that we may properly
appeal to Friends in different localities to in-
terest themselves in the task of increasing the
number of its subscribers. There is one class
of persons who ought especially to be looked
after, and that is young married people, who,
on entering into housekeeping, might be much
benefited by having The Friend for a regular
visitor, calling their attention from week to
week, to the most important of all subjects —
their religious interests— and at the same time
giving such an amount of general information
as may keep the intellect profitably employed.
SUMMARY OF EVENTS.
United States.— On tlieSrd inst. tlieMcKinlev and
Hobart electors obtained a maj irity of votes in probably
"25 Slates ( Wyoming being in some doubt), which have
280 electoral voles out of a total of 447. These Slates
are Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachnsetis,
Rhode Island, Conneclicut, New York, New Jersey,
Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland, We.st Virginia,
Ohio, Indiana, Kentucky, Illinuis, Michigan, Wiscon-
sin, Iowa, Minnesota, North Dakota, South, Dakota,
Wyoming, California and Oregipn. The popular ma-
joriiy fur ihe successful candidates is thought lo be a
million.
The United States Treasury g<ild reserve at the
close if business on the 7th instant had increased to
SI 20,340,586. The net increase at New York for the
day was $872,000. The withdrawals were §30,700.
A Washington despatch says that more gold is pour-
ing into several of the Sub-Treasuries than the ofBces
have storage capacity for or have legal tender cur-
rency to give in exchange.
The Suti-Treasury refuses to take back the gold with-
drawn lief(jre election for hoarding, thus lorcing it
into the hanks and facilitating its general use. The
Treasury's gold reserve, however, is likely to show-
marked increase from this lime ( n. Depositors in
savings banks are rushing to put back the money
withdrawn in Ihe pre-election scare.
President Townsend, of the Bowery Savings Bank,
says that between Seventh Month 1st and Tenth Mo.
;^lst, the savings banks of New York cily lost $38,-
000,000 and received $26,000,000. The excess of with-
drawals was $12,000,000. Since the election the de-
posits have exceeded the withdrawals.
General Fitzhugh Lee, Consul General, stationed
in Havana, arrived in Washington on the 5lh iuslant
with a budget of important information for the Gov-
ernment.
136
THE FRIEND.
Eleventh Mo. 14, im
J. Sterling Morton, Secretary of Agriculture, in an
interview, says: "What we want is a Commission,
non-partisan,"coniposed of business men and scholars,
to go over the whole questions of currency and tariff
and report a plan for onr use that would take the
question of currency and taritioutof politics, and the
country would be much better off."
The'Woman Suffrage amendment in Idaho seems
to have secured a majnrity of
thf
ques-
tion. The State Board has held that a majority of
participating in the election is necessary to carry the
amendment. The Supreme Court will probably be
appealed to to decide the matter.
A despatch from The Dalles, Oregon, says that the
Government locks around the Cascades, in Columbia
Eiver, have been opened. The locks have been uniler
construction for about three years and cost over |3,-
800,000.
A Charleston, S. C, despatch says that arrangements
have been perfected between the William Johnson &
Co. (Limited), Steamship Co., of Liverpool, and the
South Carolina and Georgia Railway Co., to e-tablish
a line of steamers between Charleston, Liverpool and
other foreign ports.
The American Grocer says : " It is estimated that
twenty-two acres of land are necessary to sustain one
man on fresh meat. The same space of land, if de-
voted to wheat culture, would feed 42 people ; if to
oats, 88 ; potatoes, Indian corn and rice, 176, and if to
the plantain or hread-lree, over 6,000 people."
The city of Galveston is feliiilating itself on its
change from a shallow water to deep water port. The
painful and expensive lighterage business is now fall-
ing into disuse and great ships are loading at the
wharves. The Galveston News says the ship Algoa,
the largest of her class afloat, recently took the largest
cargo ever taken from an American port. The Algoa's
cargo consisted of 104,000 bushels of grain, 200 tons of
cottonseed oil cake, several cars of logs and lumber,
300 tons of pig lead and spelter, and I8,2fi0 bales of
cotton. "The cotton alone exceeded any cargo ever
sent from Galveston."
Herman V. Hilpreclh, L.L. D., the eminent archa;-
ologist, has returned from the East, where he has
been engaged for eight years in exploring work, bring-
ing with him the results of valuable discoveries.
The Atlanta (Ga.) Journal says: "TbeTuskegee
Normal and Industrial Institute has become one of ihe
most famous schools for the education of ihe negro, and
its President, Booker T. Washington, is recognized as
one of the ablest leailers (^f tlie negro race. The
school had a very pdny beginning fifteen years ago.
To-day the Institute owns 2^60 acres of fine land, 37
buildings, some of which represent large expenditure,
26-5 head of live stork, an abundant supply of wagons,
buggies, etc. The total value of the properly is nearly
$300,00:i. For the year ended May 31, 1896, the in-
come of the Institution was $37,716, donations from
various sources making up $62,83.5 of the amount.
The number of students in attendance was 867. Be-
sides the academic department, there are twenty-five
industrial depart ments, where practical instruction is
given in carpentry, bricklaying, stoneoutiing, black-
smith work, shoemaking, plastering, plumbing, trim-
ming and other trades. For female students there is
also training in such lines as are appropriate tw
them."
Under the operation of the Vermont library law
fifty-nine towns have establishel libraries within the
last two years, making a total of 118 public libraries
in Vermont. The cost of hooks given by the St.ite,
also the expenses of the Library Commission, is placed
at only about $6,000.
The Peabody Miiseuni, at Yale, has recently se-
cured a specimen of high geological value. It shows
vertebrate footprints in the Devonian formation where
hitherto no evidence has been discovered higher than
that of fishes. The footprint best preserved is about
4 inches in length and 2', in width, and was appar-
ently made by the lelt hind foot. It was found in
Warren County, Pennsylvania, by Dr. Charles E.
Beeeher, of the Peabody Museum, who has presented
it to that Institution.
A bird lover of Louisville writes deploring the ex-
tinction of song birds in the South, and says that for
I years t
■ard :
nockingbird
I woods
lit.) were inaic^ aim \ ,.' lemn
nionia; 30 of consumption; 33
diphtheria; 10 of old age; IG
k numbered 374, which
^ week and 4'J less than
i'>. Of the whole nombei
nales: 48 dieil of pneu
tion; 11 of inflammation of the brain; 9 of urfemia,
and 9 of nephritis.
Ma.keis, d-c— U. S. 2's, 9-5 a 97 ; 4's, reg., 108J a 1091;
coupon, 109 a 110; new 4's, 119i a 120J; 5'8, llli a
112*; currency 6's, 101 a 10.5.
Cotton.— Demand from spinners was light, but the
market ruled steady, at 8f c. per pound for middling
uplands.
Feed.— Winter bran in bulk, quoted $10.50 a $11.00
and spring do., in sacks, at $10.00 a $10.50 per ton.
Floor.— Winter super, $2.80 a $3.05; do., extras,
$3.15 a $3.30 ; Pennsylvania roller, clear, $3.90 a $4.10;
do do., straight. $4.25 a $4.45 ; Western winter, clear,
$3 90 a $4.20; do., do., straight, $4.30 a $4.50; do.,
do., patent, $4.50 a $4.75 ; spring, clear, $3.60 a $4.00 ;
do., straight, $4.10 a $4.45 ; do., patent, $4.50 a $4.70 ;
do., favorite brands, higher. City mills, extra, $3.10
a $3.35; do., clear, $4.10 a $4.25 : do., straight, $4.35
a $4 60 ; do., patent, .§4.70 a $4.95. Eye Flouk.—
$2.75 per bbl. fur choice Pennsylvania. Buckwheat
Flour.— $1.60 a $1.70 per 100 pounds for good to
choice.
GR.-iiN. — No. 2 red wheat, S5| a 85lc.
No. 2 mixed corn, 30J^ a 30ic.
No. 2 white oats, 22} a 23|c.
Beef Cattle. — Extra, 4j a 5c.; good, 4| a 4|-c.;
medium, 4| a 4^c.; common, 3J a 4Jc.
Sheep and Lambs.— Extra, 3| a 4c.; good, 3} a 3Jc.;
medium, 2| a 3c.; common, 2^ a 2^c.; culls, 1| a 2c.;
lamhs, 3| a 5Jc
Hogs. — Good Western, 5} a o^c.
Foreign.— The new Lord Mayor of London, George
Faudel Philips, was formally installed on the 9th
instant. The procession was more gorgeous than
usual. At Ihe banquet in the Guild Hall in the even-
ing, Lord Salisbury, replying to a speech by Ambassa-
dor Bayard, :^aid that he believed that the controversy
between Great Britain and America on the Venezue-
lan question was at an end.
The London Spectntor remarks : Queen Victoria
has not only outreigned all the sovereigns of Europe
who were on the throne when she succeeded, but she
has seen the end of sixteen reigns which began after
hers. She has been contemporary with five sovereigns
in Prussia, four in Russia, and two in Austria. In
the case of France she has seen the reign of Louis
Phillippe. the Republic of 1848, the Empire and the
Republic of 1870. In the internal affairs of England
she has witnessed little less than a revolution. When
she came to the throne there were virtually no rail-
ways. Now there is hardly a village without a station
three or four miles of it. B it perhaps the
greatest change of all is in the condition of the people.
Sixty years ago the man with £1 a week was excep-
tionally fortunate. Now £1 a week is gelling to be
regardeil as the normal rate of wages. And yet sixty
years ago the purchasing power of £1 for a man who
drank tea and smoked was about half what it is now.
Consul Muth, of Magdeburg, reports to the State
Department an abnormal sugar beet crop, almost
equalling the unprecedented yield of 1894. In Austria
and France, as well as other European countries, the
crop exceeds that of last year, though in some dis-
tricts the quality is inferior. This is apt to offset the
falling off' in Cuba to some extent.
The ancient copper mines of Sinai have been re-
explored. These were worked by the Egyptians, or
their slaves, thousands of years ago, and are believed
to have been abandoned about 3,000 years ago.
A great deal of Russia's money is made in England.
The Birmingham Mint recently received a large order
from the Russian Government for copper coins. The
total number of coins required is over seventy mil-
lions. The coins, which consist of three, two, one,
half, anil quarter kopeck pieces, are already being
struck off.
Wild dogs, as dangerous as wolves, have lately been
abundant in those parts of Japan that were devastated
by the tidal wave of Sixth Month 15th. They killed
several country postmen, until these oflicials were sup-
plied with trumpets, of which the animals are afraid.
Great damage has been caused in Iceland by earth-
quake shocks.
The greater part of the town of Povoacoa, in the
Azores, is reported to have been destroyed by a water-
spout, with great loss of life.
Honolulu advices announce that President Dole
and the Hawaiian Council of Slate have voied unani-
mously to extend a full pardon to ex-Queen Liliuo-
NOTICES.
Rachel G. Hall, Plain Milliner, will be at 269
South Fourth Street, Philadelphia, on and after the
nineteenth of Eleventh Month, 1896.
The Moorestown Peace Association of Friends
will mail free suitable and interesting literature to
all who are interested in the propagation of peace
principles. Alice C. Rhoads, Sec'y.
Moorestown, Burlington Co., N. J.
Westtown Boarding School —Applications for
the admission of pupils to the school, and letters in
reward to instruction and discipline should be ad-
dressed to William F. Wickersham, Principal
Payments on account of board and tuition, and
communications in regard to business should be for-
warded to Edward G. S.medley, Superinlendml.
Address, Westtown P. O., Chester Co., Pa.
Westtown Boarding School. — For convenience
of persons coming to Westtown School, the stage will
meet trains leaving Philadelphia 7.17 and 8.46 A. M.
and 2.53 and 4.32 p. M. Other trains are met wher
requested. Stage fare on regular trips, fifteen cents
on special trips, twenty-five cents each way. To read
the school by telegraph, wire West Chester Phone 85
Edward G. Sjiedley, Sup'i.
Western Quarterly Meeting of Friends.—
The train leaving Broad Street Station, Philadelphia
at 7.17 A. M. on the twentieth insl. will be met a
West Grove to convey (free of charge) those desirin'
to attend the Western Quarterly Meeting of Friends
to be held at London Grove, Chester Co., Pa.
It would assist the Committee if those intending t<
come could inform by postal in advance.
Teueman C. Moore, 1 (j^^^;u^,_
Geo. R. Chambers, J
kala
dise
14 of
marasmus; 12 of apoplexy; 12 of cancer; 11 of inani- I preparation for t
On the 9th instant General Weyler left Havana lo
f I t:ike immediale personal command in the field of the
operations against the insurgents which have been in
Friends' Institute Lyceum. — The first regula
leeting will be held at 140 North Sixteenth Street
ixth-day. Eleventh Mo. 20th, at eight o'clock P. M.
Died, at her home near Concordville, Pa., on FirS'
Month 25th, 1896, Sarah Rhoads, wife of Alexande
Scott, in the seventy-fifth year of her age. A membe
and overseer of Concord Monthly Meeting. " Thes-
which are arrayed in the white robes, who are they
and whence came they ? These are they which com
out of the great tribulaticm, and they washed thei
robes and made them white in the blood of the Lamb.'
, on the twenty-fifth day of Tenth Month, 1891:
in his seveniy-sixth year, Milton Carter, a membe
of Spring River Monthly Meeting, Kansas. The de
ceased was born in Guilford County, N. C, on th
seventh day of Eighth Month, 1821. He remove
with his parents in 1S29, to Hendricks Co., Ind
where he married and lived until 1868, when be r«
moved with his family to Cherokee Co., Kans., wher
he was a useful member in society during the earl
settling of that State. He was from his boyhood
lover of the truth, and always endeavored to live
Christian life wholly acceptable unio God. He ha
been declining in strength for several months. As h
realized his time of dissolution was drawing near, li
was perfectly resigned to the Master's will, and sai
he felt thai his work on earth was ended. He wf
conscious to the last, and although weak, talked inte
igently as
lis life
passing away.
As his rt-lativf
and friends gathered round his bed to watch him i
his passing moments, a heavenly covering came ov(
the company as he, apparently without a pain or
struggle, quietly passed away, and his spirit returne'
to God who gave it.
, at her home near Woodland, Northampton Cc
N. C, Ninth Mo. 26th, 1 896, Griselda May Parkei
daughter of Norman and Sarah M. Parker (the formf
deceased), aged thirteen years, ten months and si
days ; a member of Rich Square Monthly and Ceds
Grove Preparative Meeting of Friends. She was gall
ered as a flower, and we feel our loss is her great gaii
,at his nephew's, near EagletoD, N. C.,ThoM.'
Pemberton Outland, son of Thomas and Jane On
land. Seventh Month 25th, 1896, in his sixty-fourt
year; a member of Rich Square Monthly and Cedi
Grove Preparative Meeting of Friends. We belie\
he departed in peace.
, at her home near Eagleton, Northampton Cc
N. C, Martha Ann Outland, wife of Thomas 1
Outland, Eighth Month 11th, 1896, aged twenty-sev(
years, nine months and six days. She was a firm b
liever in the principles of Friends. Blessed are tl'
dead who die in the Lord. {
THE FRIEND.
A Religious and Literary Journal.
VOL. LXX.
SEVENTH-DAY, ELEVENTH MONTH 21, 1896.
No. 18.
PUBLISHED WEEKLY.
Price, if paid in advance, |2.00 per annum.
Bubacriplions, payments and business ewnmunicatio>
received by
Edwin P. Sellew, Publisher,
! No. 207 Walnut Place,
I (Sjuthfrom Walnut Street, between Third and Fourth,)
I PHILADELPHIA.
Articles designed for insertion to be addressed t
JOSEPH WALTON,
MooRESTOWN, Burlington Co., N. J.
Entered as second-class matter at Philadelphia P. O.
liary and Letters of Deborah Brooks Webb.
(Continued from pase i:)0.)
186:3.— Eleventli Month 8tli.— My Lord and
ly G(id,if I could only bathe thy feet with my
Jars this night it would be some relief. Much
f the past week has been spent in a feeling of
umble dedication, but yesterday afternoon I
ave up to one thing almost thoughtlessly, then
'nether and another, till sin had dominion over
36. I repented and have a sense of pardon.
fet in this morning's meeting ray soul was e.x:-
eedingly sorrowful. This afternoon the love
f my Saviour returned, and I have commenced
ly dedication anew. Thou, oh Lord, knowest
'ow to strengthen me ; be merciful yet longer.
ihall I ever be made pure? My heart would
,ail did I not believe to see thy goodness "in the
and of the living."
loth. — I can thankfully acknowledge to being
'nabled to overcome to a considerable degree
luring the past week, but oh ! for a more
.borough abandonment to all the Lord's will.
Ileason urges that if I keep too quiet I cannot
ccomplish so much in school, and I shall fail
nd fall in disgrace and the children not learn
0 much ; but the voice of the Lord says, " Bow
lown and obey me." I can prosper, or blast
hy endeavors. Thou O Lord giveth strength,
nd my soul is prostrate before thee, desiring to
•ount all things as loss that I may win thee,
lold my hand and help me to be faithful and
bllow thee.
22nd.— Oh! that I could keep quiet enough
0 feel the power of God all the time. Oh !
mm up my chaff, dearest Father, with thy un-
[uenchable fire. Samuel Dyer says, "As for
he Divine Life, I have this remark to make,
hat I should grow more in it, were I but more
D the stillness, even until the whole birth of
he Son of God was brought forth in my soul.
3e still therefore, O ail that is within me and
enow the Lord's strength and power to arise."
is not this what I want? I cannot be free
intil I pay the uttermost farthing.
30th^ — I feel, oh my Lord, that thou art the
rue vine, and that I am a branch. How I
ong to bow down continually and feel the liv-
ng sap from thee on and in my spirit.
TO L. H. B.
" Philadelphia, Twelfth Month 23rd, ISGo.
" I have been particularly comforted this day
by the text, 'The grace of our Lord Jesus
Christ and the love of God and the communion
of the Holy Ghost be with you all.' This heart
full of love to God and this communion and
acceptance and presence of good, is sweeter than
' honey and the honeycomb.'
" And dearest L., thou dost not know how ray
heart goes out to thee always when I taste these
comforts and I find myself saying in thought:
Oh! if Laura could only feel this; and a silent
aspiration does arise for thy instruction, com-
fort and encouragement. I have sympathized
so much with thee since receiving thy last let-
ter, it is very sweet and pleasant to hear some
of thy assertions, but not surprising, for I seem-
ed to think they were thine before. Those
'minor' testimonies thou mentions, may not be
binding on all, or may not be necessary to sal-
vation forsorae. Thou mayest know that Friends'
dress was the fashionable one at one time and
the world left us, and we followed not! It
has often been instructive to me, while think-
ing on this subject to see how many of our for-
mer powerful and divinely favored ministers
have been led into this particular dress before
obtaining entire peace to their souls. Come out
from among them and be ye separate, etc.,
doubtless sounded in their (spiritual) ears.
" E. Ws case came before our meeting yes-
terday ; it did make me feel sad, but why
should I? if she has the true spiritual commun-
ion and union with the Eternal Blessed One?
I feel much love for her. How sweet it is to
think we have the one All-seeing Judge.
" Dear K. W. ! How it makes us want to
extend the hand of love and fellowship to any
new babe in Christ. My heart often enlarges in
secret prayer for a blessing on some of you, and
how I feel the need of watching my own steps.
Oh ! that I might scatter some good seed and
none bad. I am so frail, but Christ is our all-
sufficiency.
" May the ' God of all peace, comfort, estab-
lish, strengthen, settle thee' in his own good
time and way, which is best and must be waited
for cheerfully is my soul's wish for thee.
"D. B."
Twelfth Mo. 27th. — Have I prepared myself
to do thy whole will? I pray thee, oh Father,
to take away the least remains of hesitation.
Behold the fire and the wood, but where is the
lamb for sacrifice? Thou knowest my whole
heart and how I walk before thee, and how
much I need to humble me.
1864.— First Month 10th.— Dearest Father,
what a mercy that thou hast brought me thus
far. Show me plainly what I need more to
dedicate myself entirely to thee. Thou hast
indeed thrown "the horse and his rider" these
three days past, and O Lord is it thyself I
truly worship or is it my own honor? is it thy
presence I feel or am I deceived when I try to
feel communion with thee. Help me to seek
thine honor in everything I do. Grant, oh
Lord, what I sigh and cry for so much, even
that I may become thy living child.
Second Month 7ih.— "They that trust in the
Lord, shall be as Mount Zion, which can never
be removed, but abideth forever," etc., was
quoted this afternoon. Oh I I have this trust,
but have I pure obedience in all things, a con-
stant and faithful watching to be without any
sin ? Lord, hold thou me up or I shall alto-
gether sink into discouragement. Strengthen me
and save me or I fall forever. I did not always
walk uprightly before Him this week, and to-day
I am so very s:id. Thy mercy does indeed en-
dure forever, for I feel a little pardoned.
14th. — Some stains upon my garment this
week. When shall I be so changed that I would
rather suffer than put forth my hand to take
one forbidden indulgence, even just a little of
it. Gird me with strength and with a girdle of
faithfulness. How happy should I then be in
thee O Lord, my Redeemer.
21st. — I am not much better, but trying to
bind myself with cords of love to his holy altar
whatever He may require. Empty me of my-
self and fill me with thy Spirit.
28th.— Oh Lord! what shall I say. Thou
knowest my struggling, my turning away from
temptation and my falls also. I come humbly
to thee for strength to overcome.
Third Month 6th. — Been almost sick much
of the week and have not kept to the cross
strictly, but thought I felt such light, joy, peace
and communion this morning, as my soul had
desired so long, when a Friend arose with the
words, " Brethren my heart's desire and prayer
to God for Israel is that they might be saved."
Could it be that I was deceived in my joy? It
was .so sweet. Still I feel that I have not wholly
submitted to all of God's commands. I will try
to be silent and put ray mouth in the dust with
thy help, oh, Lord.
13th.— I have not continually felt that deep
contrition of soul which I so long for. Oh! for
greater humility and dedication. Help me, oh
Lord, ill school to remember thee. Wash and
dip me in Jordan more and more.
TO L. H. B.
"Third Month 24lh, 1804.
"M. A. Lord was at our meeting on Third-
lay, and in her communication quoteil that
beautiful portion of Revelation, chap, vii, v. 14.
It never seemed so sweet to me before. Through
all the love of God has always seemed so great
to me, and his mercy marvellous, which I es-
teem a favor. It has been a favor to realize
that my nature needed so much purification and
not to be left hard-hearted. Still there is much
more wanted to make me a living child of God
ly heart's desire and prayer and cry for
years.
How much I desire to be more watchful,
dwelling in spirit with Him continually, for as
he apostle says, " Absent in the body, but pre-
sent with the Lord. This is not easily attained ;
e cannot do it ourselves and last night's pray-
138
THE FRIEND.
Eleventh Mo. 21,
ers and cries on tliis point seemed answered, for
to-night cheerfulnefs covers my soul, for his
merciful help. How useless it seems to think
we can do anything of ourselves, it is only as
we rest continually in Him. Oh ! to be able to
put my mouth in the dust before Him, always
to dwell low in spirit.
" Sometimes thy poor friend has been enabled
to feel Him in his holy temple, and could almost
join the seraphim in saying, ' Holy, holy, holy
is the Lord of hosts;' the whole earth is full of
his glory.
"No wonder thou has enjoyed thy country
home so much. To the heart attuned aright
these scenes are full of melody ; they always
speak thus to me when alone in silence with
them and ray God. Thy communings at the
evening hour by the window must at times be
very sweet, and I hope thou art often strength-
ened and refreshed by his living presence. He
is our " balm of Gilead." I\Iay we seek for it
more ardently, and may it be poured forth as
ointment upon us.
"Thine trulv,
" D. B."
Fourth Month 3rd. — IHvelt in a good degree
under the cross and in silence this week, and
am thankful to feel so little condemnation to-
night. Thou knosvest all my sorrows, oh Lord,
lead n)e in a plain path.
(To be continued.)
Judging Men and Judging Acts. — There
is a difference between right and wrong, and
guilt and innocence. The standards of right
and wrong are permanent; the standards of
personal guilt and innocence are relative, de-
pendent on one's knowledge and circumstances.
We are to bear this in mind in forming our
judgment of men who have been prominent in
political and literary history. Just now the
literary world is paying a tribute to R(jbert
Burns, the centennial of whose death recently
occurred. That Burns was a man of generous
instincts, with many fine impulses, with a hearty
indignation at falsehood and wrong, with many
temptations, with a poetic genius that has rarely
been surpassed, and that, in our estimate of him,
there should be mingled a large elen)ent of pity
and sympathy, no one will deny. On the other
hand, that he had no governing and guiding
principles to restrain him from wrong-doing,
that the tendency of his life and writings, as a
whole, was to lower the standard of morality,
that his genius was used to make passion and
drunkenness more attractive, that his life was
a warning rather than an example, can as little
be denied. In one of his letters he says, " I
kneeled down before the Fatlier of mercies, and
said, ' Father, I have sinned, and am no more
worthy to be called thy son.' " This gives ground
for the hope that he was a sincere penitent, but
we should .see to it that our hope and the depth
and tenderness of our pity do not prevent us
from cautioning the young to avoid the tollies
and vices which made his life a wreck. As to
a sinner's guilt or innocence, as God sees his
spirit and purpose, we should refrain from judg-
ing. As to the conformity of his conduct to
unerring standards of right and wrong, we are
entitled to judge and to speak.— 6'. S. Times.
Of all the great comforts and causes of hap-
piness among the rich, the greatest are tho.se
which they have to share with the poor. Rail-
roads, street cars, pavements, sewerage, well-
lighted streets, and pure water must be for all
or for Done.— Selected.
The Rest That Remaineth to the People of
God.
We are come to the fold of eternal rest, where
Christ Jesus is the chief shepherd ; He is the
shepherd and bishop of our souls, that feedeth
his flock with living bread that nourishes us to
life eternal. He hath called us by his name
and put us forth ; He feedeth us in green pas-
tures and we are fed with hidden manna, and
lie down at noon with his gathered flock. Out
of nations, kindreds, multitudes and people we
are redeemed to God, and are come out of the
world, out of the great Babylon, and out of
spiritual Sodom and Egypt, where the Lord
Christ was and is crucified, and lieth slain to
this day. Atop of the world has the Lord set
us, on the mountain of his own house and dwell-
ing, where we behold and feel the life and glory
and crown of the world that hath no end ; and
the world that hath an end is seen over, and its
crown and glory are his footstool that reigns
among us.
As for all that which this perishing world
brings forth, which men seek after only, it is
reckoned our temptation, though all the sons
of Adam are seeking its glory, its riches, its
crowns, its contentments. But of that birth
are we which hath no crown, no glory, no rest
under the sun ; a birth is brought forth [in]
us which is heir to another kingdom, and pos-
sessor of another crown, whose glorying is in
the Lord all the day long, and He is our refuge,
our rock and our fortress against all our ene-
mies.
What though the wicked arm themselves,
and the ungodly bend their bow ? What though
all sorts of people =i= * * exalt tht mselves
against the despised people of the Lord's in-
heritance, who, for his name's sake are killed
all the day long? What though the wise men
bring forth their arguments, and the rulers
bring forth unrighteous judgments against the
seed that God hath blessed? What though the
revilers and scorners open their mouths, and
reproachers and revilers cast out bitter words
as a flood against the remnant of the woman's
seed that hath long been fled into the wilder-
ness? And what if the teachers, the prophets,
and the elders, and the heads and wise men of
the world, set themselves to pray and preach
and print against the chosen seed of .Jacob?
Notwithstanding all this — though this is to come
to pass, and hell open her mouth and her floods
break forth to overflow and be much more in-
creased— yet shall the King of righteousness
rule among his people, and his presence will
not forsake his chosen ones.
The Lord is with us, a mighty and a terrible
one, and the shout of a king is amongst us; the
dread of the Almighty covereth us, and it goeth
before us, and compasseth us about, and the
Lord is working a work in the earth, mighty
and wonderful. He is gathering the scattered
and binding up the broken-hearted : his people
shall dwell in safety, and none shall make them
afraid ; no weapon that is formed against them
shall prosper, nor any hand that is lifted up
shall prevail. For Zion shall arise out of the
dust, her beautiful garments shall be put on, and
mourning and sorrow shall flee away. Her
light is risen that is everlasting, and the sun
shall never go down ; but his day shall remain
forever, and the night shall not again cover
her brightness nor the sun set upon her habita-
tions.— E. Burrmwh.
Look well to your motives.
For " The Fbiebd."
Divine Revelation.
The Psalmist writes," I will praise thee; for
I am fearfully and wonderfully made ; marvel-
lous are thy works ; and that ray soul knoweth
right well " (Ps. cxxxix : 14).
Of all God's works, known to man, none is
more marvellous than man himself. Possessed
of a body, mind and spirit, each in its sphere is
beyond compare. Man subdueth all things to
himself, for God his Maker has put all earthly
things beneath his feet. His body, formed oi
the dust of the earth, and apparently so defence-
less, becomes under the control of the mind's
power, a marvel of strength and might. His
mind expanding with years, investigates not
only things perceptible to the senses, but the
laws that govern both matter and mind, and
exploring the depths of science, marks the re-
lations and affinities of all things to each other
But what shall we say of man's spirit? It links
him, though mortal, with the world of spirits
eternity, and Him who dwells and reigns there
There is a law written on man's heart which is
none other than the law of God. Sin is the
transgression of that law, and as all have sinned.
God not alone makes manifest what is sin to men.
but all men having partaken of that sin, by that
law are guilty, and God makes this guilt also
to be felt and seen of men. This is without
doubt a revelation of the Divine will to man,
and it will be soon enough for any man to denj
that God either reveals himself or his Divine
will to man, wheo such a one feels within him
self that he neither knows of such a law withic
himself, nor that he did ever experience con
demnation for sin. But if thou, dear reader
art a sincere seeker after God and his truth
thou must acknowledge having felt these smit-
ings for sin in thy conscience, nor does man
confine this judgment to his own thoughts or
deeds, but places those of others in the same
balance, weighing relative right and wrong.
The judgments of this law read aright wt
call truth, of which one truth is that nothing is
made without a maker. Now, a law implies a
higher power outside of that wherein that law
is, it implies a kingdom wherein some ruler
reigns, and to observe and to obey that law is
to love and serve that ruler. This law then,oi
right or wrong, found in every heart, has e
maker, and that Maker is none other but God
who made man and all things.
Since God then, by his law, does thus mani-
fest his will and displeasure against sin in man's
heart, and thus reveals his own will to man
wherefore, O man, wilt thou refuse to believe
that He still further reveals his omnipotent wil
to such men as sincerely desire to come intc
harmony with the will of theif King, and sc
come into possession of a pure and good con-
science before God?
It is all of God's unmerited mercy, that since
man died, God again made known to man, ecu
cerning his former happy estate and hope, anc
again so far revealed to man this Divine pur
pose and will, as to hold out to man a promise
by which man might hope again to come intc
that life, immortality anel image of God, whicl
through transgression of the law, man lost
Though through sin, far removeel from the
royal throne, yet having that law still writtet
on the heart, it becomes to us an evidence thai
we are yet amenable to the law of his kingdom
It beyond doubt also makes plain that as Goe
revealed to our first parents the conseejuence!
which must inevitably follow the breaking o
that Divine law, so also since He even ye'
Eleventh Mo. 21, 1896
THE FRIEND.
139
lanifests his displeasure against sin in the heart,
lat thereibre God does yet reveal his will an<l
iinself to man, and this is Divine revelation.
Tiiis law all men have, and every man shall
e judged according to that law. As Eve stood
in stricken and condemned, God in his love
nd compassion to man, gave to her, as the
epresentative of the church of God, a promised
eliverer in her seed, which Seed is Christ, the
rst born of the Church, who should bruise the
ead of the seed of the serpent. And from the
egiuniug, even to this day, that church has
xisted, composed of poor sinners, washed and
edeemed from sin, in whom God is pleased to
manifest his will, his power, and his glory. In
he early ages men saw these things from afar,
lira and distant as it were, but with the dawn-
Dg of the light came power, and through faith
^nd power did they overcome sin, and obtain
he promise of that of eternal life, the gift of
irod to man, through his Sou. For as the first
lawn of day dispels the darkness, so did this
ppearance of God in the hearts of men dispel
he power of the kingdom of darkness and of
leath ; and long ere the sun is ri.sen is there
,ight sufficient to do our daily work, so God
jemands obedience according to the measure of
lis grace given, and graciously rewards man
iccording to that obedience. Yet is it all of
jrace, the work is God's, and " we are his work-
^anslii]) created in Christ Jesus, unto good
iVorks which God hath before ordained that we
(hould walk in them."
To us then in these latter days hath the Sun
)f Kighteousness arisen in its full glory, for God,
vho cimmanded the light to shine out of dark-
less, hath shiued in our hearts, to give the light
:)i the knowledge of the glory of God in the
face (i. e., the appearance), of Jesus Christ "
.:2Cor. iv: 6).
We then have now entered into that fulness
)f blessing, which the Lord, by prophets, by his
5on and by apostles, promised, this glorious dis-
lensation of the Gospel of Christ, wherein "all
shall be taught of God " as Adam was before
;iis fall, wherein all may become sons and
Jaughters of God, taught, led and guided by
:he spirit of God, coming into the spirit, life
ind power of God's blessed Son, and through
Him drinking of the well of life, and eating (jf
Him the tree of life planted in the paradise of
Grod.
For this the Apostle Paul prayed on behalf
of the Ephesians, " that the God of our Lord
Jesus Christ, the Father of glory, may give
unto you the spirit of wisdom and revelation in
the knowledge of Him " (Eph. i : 17). And as,
believing, any come to Jesus, and through the
power of faith, walk in the light of Christ,
which comes from Him, their eyes shall be
enlightened, their hearts and understanding
opened, and they shall know " what is the hope
of his calling, and what the riches of the glory
of his inheritance in the saints " (eighteenth
verse.)
This is Divine revelation, and it becomes us
to patiently wait upon and watch for the re-
vealings of God's will, that we may be doers of
that will, and so enter into and hold our in-
heritance in the kingdom of God, " which is
righteousness, peace and joy in the Holy Ghost."
W."W. B.
Practical Christianity is nothing more nor
less than yielding to the spirit of Christ, and
being led by it in the service of God in the
world, in whatever way 'He is pleased to ap-
point.—J. E. Southall.
Lost in Settle Mountain Wilds.
For six days four-year-old Eiiitna Nelson,
of Susanville, wandered alone on a mountain
where the roar of the bear and screams of the
panther are heard nightly. On six evenings,
as the sun disap|)eared in the west, she made a
couch beneath some giant oak and lay down
to sleep, the awful noises of the forest sounding
in her ears a wild lullaby.
The little one is safe at home now, found and
returned after a weary search by scores of men
in the mountains; and that she was spared from
death is regarded by the simple mountain folk
as miraculous. Verily, there is One who watches
over the weakest of his flock.
Little Emma is a rosy-cheeked miss, with
bright blue eyes and dimpled hands and chin.
She lives with her parents at Susanville. Her
papa is the village postmaster.
Not far from the little one's humble home
are the stately, snow-capped Blue Mountains.
From the summits of snow of the highest peaks
the view is enchanting and extends into three
States. Off' to the North is Washington, to the
east Idaho, and all around Oregon. Away to
the north the great Columbia River winds itself
like a silvery thread, now through fertile val-
leys and now through sandy wastes, where sand-
storms strong enough to interfere with railroad
traffic sometimes occur.
The country is of a wild aspect, and the moun-
tain fastnesses hold many a secret of the doings
of Indians in days long passed, of prospectors
who never returned to their homes, and of cattle
thieves who were dealt with according to the
primitive law of the laud.
The people of Susanville gave a picnic over
a week ago in a grove in tlie foothills of the
Blue Mountains. It did not differ from other
picnics. There were sports for the children and
lots of good things to eat, and the simple moun-
tain people had a merry day of it. When the
people were ready to start for home little Emma
was nowhere to be found. There was no trace
of her from early in the afternoon, when her
six year-old brotlier saw her going in the direc-
tion of Settle Mountain, gathering the wild
flowers as she went. "Settle Mountain !" ex-
claimed the country folk in horror. It is the
most dangerous peak in the entire range, and
is the stamping ground of bears and cougars.
" She'll never be found alive," was the ver-
dict of the hardy mountaineers, as they shook
their heads doubtfully.
All that night and for several days and nights
afterward men searched the mountain fastnesses
for the lost one. Their hearts failed within
them when the stillness of the night was broken
by the vicious growl of the cougar, and when
in daytime they saw numerous bears feeding at
the berry bushes. In the afternoon of the sixth
day the searching party came upon a clump of
weeping willows, by which passed asmall stream.
Not one of the searchers had the slightest idea
of finding the little one alive. Little Willie
was riding in front of his father on a horse,
whicii was accustomed to rough travel in the
mountains.
" Papa," said the boy, " if my little sister
isn't dead, I think she is not far from that
stream. She loves to sit near the river and
make bouquets of the wild flowers that she gath-
ers."
As the party neared the clump of brush — .
Nelson was startled to hear a voice say : " Hello,
papa ; I have been looking for you ever so long."
Nelson clasped his child in his arms and
befr
id her as no father ever hugged a child
'■ I knew I was lost, papa," the little one said,
" but I was go sure I would meet my papa that
I kept on walking."
Emma told the searchers that she had made
a complete circuit of Settle Mountain, having
travelled nine miles. How she esca[)ed the cou-
gars and bears is a mystery. She slept wher-
evershe could find a resting place and subsisted
on berries and the flesh of a calf which had
been killed by a coyote.
The little girl said she was frightened only
once while in the mountains.. That was on her
third day out. She awoke that morning on the
edge of a precipitous cliff'. The big fir trees in
the valley a thousand feet below looked like
walking-canes. Had she made the slightest
move during her sleep she would have rolled
off the cliff".— La(e Paper.
For "The Fkifnd."
[Isaac Hayes, to whom the subjoined paper
refers, was a valuable Elder in the Society of
Friends, who belonged to the Western Quarterly
Meeting. During the troubles growing out of
the doctrines advanced by Elias Hicrks, a large
share of exercise and labor fell to his portion].
Some Observations Made by Isaac Hayf-s
OF Fallowfield, Ninth Mo. 27th, 1844,
ABOUT A Week Before his De.ith.
The short time I was with him, in company
with S. L — . (whom I found there), he said
much. His mind seemed wonderfully clothed
with Heavenly raptures in contemplating that
world of glory into which he felt a full assur-
ance he would soon be permitted to enter.
He said, " I feel desirous to relate to you, if
I can have strength to do so without being too
much overcome, a circumstance which lately
transpired, and which I look upon as a vision
of Light, which in marvellous mercy has been
permitted or sent to assure me that the prayers
of ray soul have been accepted ; and that there
is indeed a place prepared for my immortal
part." He then proceeded, " While rolling to
and fro, on this bed of pain, knowing not where
to turn or what to do, for it seemed as if the
very pains of death could not be harder to en-
dure, when all at once I was perfectly at ease ;
not a pain, nor an uneasy thought; all seemed
hushed into profound silence; and while in the
most rapturous and heavenly condition I ever
experienced ; there appeared right before me a
little bird like a dove, of the most beautiful
plumage I ever beheld— indeed I never saw
anything in my life at all fit to compare with
it. It stood beautifully erect before me, per-
fectly straight, not a wrinkle, not a shade of
anything but loveliness appearing, and while I
viewed it, it became much larger and taller,
but no less beautiful, and I followed it to the
gate of a beautiful citv. The Porter was there ;
he opened not the gate, but informed me I was
not at present to enter, but that I might look
and behold the beauty of that city, not one of
whose inhabitants can say, I am sick ; and that
shortly I shall be joined to that innumerable
company dwelling within its sacred enclosure,
whose walls are salvation and her gates praise.
I fully believe that the beautiful bird rep-
resented the Almighty, and the Porter, my
Saviour Jesus Christ. And I have faith to be-
lieve that shortly all will be realized which
has been thus mercifully shown to me, as I feel
no condemnation within, and my whole man
seems almost entirely swallowed up in love to
mv Maker and to mv fellow man — and whv I
140
THE FRIEND.
Eleventh Mo. 21,1896;
should be thus detaiued here I know not, but
no doubt it is for some wise purpose."
On coming away, he bade me an affectionate
farewell, and calnily added, " I shall never see
thy face again." Morris Cope.
Struggle for Life Among the Plants.
The vegetation of Eastern British East Af-
rica consists of eight or nine floras, which are
so different from one another that it is difficult
to discover any features wliich characterize the
flora as a whole. The severity of the struggle for
existence in this, region, however, is shown by
a few points that may be worthy of remark.
The first characteristic of the flora that im-
presses itself upon one — and it does so in a very
piiiuted and unpleasant manner, is its prickli-
ness. Some plants seem to consist of nothing
but a collection of prickles ; these are developed
on every part of the plant, on the stem, stalks,
flowers "and seeds, while the leaves are often re-
duced to a few needles. The thorns and p^rickles
help the plant in nearly every stage of life ; for
they scatter the seeds by clinging to the fur of
passing animals, they protect the plant against
animals that would devour it, and in some cases
obtain for the plant the food it requires from
the air. Some of the plants have the prickles
arranged in a very ingenious way; thus the
"wait-a-bit" thorn (the Wacht-ein-but of the
Dutch settlers of the Cape), has hooks pointing
in opposite directions, so that a jerk backward
to disentangle clothes caught by them, only im-
pales them all the more firmly on another set.
In some cases, as if thorns were not sufficiently
formidable, ants burrow into their bases; the
plant increases the growth of tissue to bury the
invaders, and thus the base of the spine is en-
larged into a woody bulb, capable of inflicting
a nasty wound. Most of the succulent plants
are protected by an abundant crop of thorns
and spikes. Some of them have broad leaves
with edges spiked like a saw; another species
has bayonet-shaped leaves, which end in a point
so hard and sharp that it goes through leather
as easily as through paper.
The leaves in this " nkonge," as the Zanzi-
bari call it, are placed opposite one another in
a plane which, by a peculiarly malicious ar-
rangement, is twisted into a spiral. Hence from
whatever side these "chevauxdefrise" be charged
the unlucky traveller only plunges on to the
pricks; and this happens with aggravating fre-
(juency when chasing wounded game through
the scrub in the dim light of early dawn.
Another type of defence extensively adopted
consists of circles of stout hairs pointing down-
wards, which prevent the more simple-minded
of the ants from reaching and robbing the flow-
ers. Nearly all the grasses are provided with
these spiked collars, for their farinaceous seeds
are especially attractive to ants. In many of
the flowering plants the same purpose is effected
by having the leaves placed in opposite pairs
with their bases " connate," or growing together j
to form a cup, as in the English teazel ; in the
rainy season, when alone the plant is in flower,
this cup is filled with water, and this natural
moat prevents crawling insects from reaching
the coveted stores of honey and pollen.
The method of reducing the waste of seeds
in a plant by their germination on the parent
is not unknown among our English plants, and
cases occur more frequently in the upper mead-
ows (or Alps) of Switzerland. In Africa this
'• viviparity" is very extensively adopted. The
iB.=e of the mangrove has already been ciuoled,
but the method is used in the plants of the
"Nyika" in an opposite manner; for in these
the "leaves act as a kind of parachute, and scat-
ter the young plants broadcast before the wind,
instead "of restricting them to a narrow belt.
The action of the wind in moulding the forms
of trees is well shown in the open plains of East
Africa. The few timber trees that occur there
are, like the baobab, fixed by trunks of enor-
mous bulk, so that the wind acting on the leaf-
less branches, has but little power over them.
In other cases the leaves are narrow and spiny,
and the branches expand in flat horizontal
sheets, which present only their narrow edges
to the wind. In none of these cases does the
upper portion of the tree give the wind much
leverage by which to overthrow it. The small-
er trees are also shaped by the same agency.
The acacias, which form most of the scrub, are
low and flat-topped, expanding above like an
umbrella. This form is apparently acquired
as a protection against the tornadoes that sweep
over them. The shape is not much use to an
isolated tree, for the wind can then get under-
neath the branches and tend to wedge it up ;
but these trees usually grow packed together,
and their flat tops form a surface over which
the storms sweep with little effect.
It is no doubt also as a protection against
the wind that, as if to atone for the leaflessness
of the trees, the flowering plants are woody.
Thus on the plateaux we have to look for the
main masses of blossom, not to the turf on the
meadows, but to the clumps of shrubs. — J. W.
Gregory.
Our Bo.ston Teamsters. — During the hot
spell of Eighth Month, it was with a distinct
feeling of pleasure that I noticed on Tremont
Street a horse, drawing a heavy wagon, with a
damp sponge fastened between his ears, as re-
commended by the M. S. P. C. A. Being on a
car, I failed to see the name on the wagon, but
I did notice the driver, a good-looking, brown-
faced fellow, in a straw hat and checked shirt.
After ten years of business experience in this
country, in many cities, which has brought me
into contact, with teamsters constantly, I feel
bound to say, that nowhere but in Boston have
I found men whose work it is to handle draught
horses, who seemed to consider their horses' in-
terests identical with their own. Whenever I
see a team of four or six horses in Boston, I in-
stinctively glance at the driver, and in every
case find him to be a good-looking, temperate,
clean fellow, to be classed with our firemen and
policemen. A better representative class of men
than our Boston teamsters could not be found
in our country. It is a trifling piece of work
to place a damp sponge or cloth on a horse's
head in such weather as we have just experi-
enced, but one's heart goes out to the driver of
a horse so equipped. — Daily Evening Transcript.
Poll is alw.ws on the alert. — One of
Uncle Sam's most faithful servants in Maine,
but one that draws no salary, lives at the Port-
land Head Lighthouse. It is a large gray par-
rot, brought from Africa some time ago, and
presented to the keeper of the light. The bird
soon noticed that when the fog began to blow
in from the ocean somebody would cry out:
" Fog coming ; blow the horn !" One day the
fog suddenly began to come in thick, and the
men did not notice it. But Poll did, and croaked
out: "Fog coming; blow the horn!" Ever
since then, whenever fog is perceptible, Poll
never falls to give warning. — Selected.
SUBMISSION.
patiently for Him
Since thy Father's arm sustains thee,
Peaceful be ;
When a chastening hand restrains thee,
It is He!
Know liis love in full completeness,
Feel the measure of thy weakness,
If He wound thy spirit sore,
Trust Him more.
Without murmur, uncomplaining.
In his hand,
Leave whatever things thou canst not
Understand.
Though the woild thy folly spnrneth.
From thy faith in pity turnelh.
Peace thy inmost soul shall fill
Lying still.
Like an infant, if ihou ihinkest
Thou canst stand —
Childlike, proudly pushing back
The proffered hand —
Courage soon is changed to fear.
Strength dolh feebleness appear;
In his love if thou abide
He will guide.
Fearest sometimes that thy Father
Hath forgot ?
Though the clouds around thee gather
Doubt Him not.
Aluays halh the daylight broken.
Always halh He comfort spoken.
Better hath He been for years,
Than thy fears.
Therefore whatso'er betideth,
Night or day,
Know his love for thee provideth
Good alway ;
Crown of sorrows gladly take,
Grateful wear it for his sake ;
Sweetly bending to his will.
Lying still.
To his own thy Saviour givelh
Daily strength ;
To each troubled soul that liveth.
Peace at length.
Weakest lambs have largest share
Of the tender Shepherd's care ;
Ask Him not, then, " when?" or " how?"
Only bow !
THE TWO WORDS.
One day a harsh word, rashly said,
Upon an evil journey sped.
And like a sharp and cruel dart
It pierced a fond and loving heart;
It turned a friend into a foe,
And everywhere brought pain and wee.
A kind word followed it one day.
Flew swiftly on its blessed way ;
It healed the wound, it soothed the pain.
And friends of old were friends again.
It made the hale and anger cease,
And everywhere brought joy and peace.
But yet the harsh word left a tiace
The kind word could not quite efface,
And though the heart its love regained,
It bore a scar that long remained ;
Friends could forgive but not forget.
Or lose the sense of keen regret.
O if we could but learn to know
How swift and sure our words can go.
How would we weigh with utmost care
Each thought before it sought the air,
And only speak the words that move
Like white winged messengers of love.
— Sunday School Times.
As in the case of individuals, so with ou
congregations, aggressive action must come a
the result of a living sense of the needs of tb
world, and a Divine call to work. No lesse
motive will be efi'cctive. — London Friend.
heventh Mo. 21, ISOC
THE FRIEND.
141
Pilgrimage to Mecca from the Soudan.
Cliurles Henry Robinson mentions ihe nar-
ative given to him in Tripoli, by a man who
iiul made the journey, of the difficulties cou-
lected with the pilgrimage.
, He had started originally from Bida, a town
bout a hundred miles north of the junction of
he rivers Niger and Binni, distant as the bird
lies two hundred miles from Mecca, and had
aken with him his wives and family, a party
.f seventeen in all. They travelled in the first
instance to Kano, and tlience to Kuka, the capi-
ai of Bornou, situated near to the western
hore of Lake Tchad. The king being absent
in a slave raid, he was detained here for some
bur months, after which he made his way into
iVadai and thence to Darfur, in which latter
)rovince he and his party were seized as slaves
uid retained as such for a year. At the end
)f this time, having succeeded in regaining his
iberty and that of his family, on the plea that
)eing pilgrims en route for Mecca they could
lot lawfully be detained, he proceeded in safety
19 far as the Mahdi's camp at Onidurman, where
je arrived just after the fall of Khartoum and
;he death of General Gordon. After a month's
lelay at Onidurman, and having with difficulty
jscaped from the hands of the Mahdi, who
wished to retain him as a soldier, he made his
ivay into Abyssinia. Here he got into trouble
igain, the result being that a whole year elapsed
before he and his party succeeded in reaching
[he coast at Souakim, whence they travelled by
steamer to Jeddah, the port of Mecca. After
duly performing the rites of the pilgrimage, both
at Slecca and Medina, he was prevented from
resuming his homeward journey owing to the
entire exhaustion of his resources. According
to his account, it is customary for any pilgrim,
who has money wherewith to do so, to entertain
his fellow-pilgrims at a banquet given in their
honor, and, as there are sometimes as many as
sixty thousand pilgrims to be found at a time
in Mecca, it will easily be seen what unlimited
opportunities for getting rid of money are here
afforded. Having spent all that he possessed,
he and his friends were forced to remain in
Mecca for no less than four years, at the end
of which time, having recruited their resources
from those of the pilgrims who had come after
hini, they returned to Jeddah, and sailing thence
to Suez, walked across Egypt to Alexandria,
whence they came on by sea to Tripoli. The
last that I heard of him was that he was about
to start across the Great Sahara desert and that
he hoped to reach his own town in about a
year's time. As he had not apparently arrived
at Bida at the time of my recent visit to it, it
is to be feared that some further misfortunes
have befallen him by the way. Should he suc-
ceed in reaching his destination within the year
1895, he will then have travelled a distance of
nearly seven thousand miles, the time occupied
being rather over ten years. — Hausa-land.
LooKi>'G More Ways that One. — Looking
several ways is necessary to going one way safe-
ly. A man who attempts to cross a city street,
in these days of electric cars and bicycles, would
be in danger of being run over from a balf-doz-
en directions while he was looking straight across
the street to where he wanted to go. He must
look forward and backward and sideways with
both eyes, in order to see a clear path just ahead.
It is much the same in all lines of fiusiness or
study ; looking several ways is essential to seeing
clearly one way. — <S. S. times.
Italian War Misery.
The Daily Chronicle says :— " While the Ital-
ian Government has been sijendiug the nation's
money in a vain campaign in Abyssinia it is a
matter of painful interest to inquire how some
of the Italian people are themselves living. A
special correspondent of the New York Evening
I'ost, at Palermo, gives a terrible account of the
condition of things in Sicily. As the Evening
Post is very far from being a sensational organ,
and as facts and figures are given in abundance,
there is no reason to doubt the absolute accura-
cy of what must be regarded, in part at least,
as a very formidable indictment against the
Government of Italy. The people of Sicily have
two sources of livelihood — agriculture and the
sulphur mines. Now, while the land agent,
who represents the absentee landowners, pays
no tax on his cattle, each peasant has two pay
.six shilling on a single mule. He has to work
sixteen hours a day under a semi-tropical sun,
and to herd with others in open sheds at night.
For this existence of slavery the peasant receives
about a franc a day, and he is fortunate if he
can earn four pound to keep his family through
the season.
" The condition of the peasants, however,
dreadful as it is, is not nearly .so bad as that of
the workers in the sulphur mines. In these
abodes of horror the ore is carried through the
long galleries on the backs of boys, who are
sold for the purpose when eight or ten years
old. The employer pays from two to twelve
pounds for these wretched little lads, and they
are his until death, or until they are wanted by
the Government to be slaughtered in Abyssinia.
More than one of these children has been deli-
berately beaten to death by his owner. For
twelve hours' labor a day they are paid half a
franc ! Signor Rossi, of the staff of the Tribuna,
visited one of these mines, which gave employ-
ment to thirteen hundred persons, and as he
and his companion, Signor de Felice, the im-
prisoned Member of Parliament, came to the
entrance of the mine, they were startled by the
sight of what seemed a gathering of dwarfs.
They were the child-workers in the mine, " stark
naked, humpbacked, with twisted legs, and faces
prematurely old — these were the little carim."-
After passing through the galleries, the visitors
stopped to examine the boys, and found the
skin of their shoulders raw from the burdens
they had to bear. Says Signor Rossi : " I heard
one say, weeping, to a companion, ' I can go on
no more, I must let the sack fall.' At a third
turn there was another, with his burden on the
ground. He wept as he crouched beside it.
He had fair hair and blue eyes, but the eyes
were reddened by weeping, and the tears fell
over pale, hollow cheeks. In my career as a
journalist I have seen horrors of ever_v kind,
but I have seen nothing which affected me like
this."
Let it be remembered that it was for expos-
ing and denouncing the.se vile and infamous
facts that public men were silenced and im-
prisoned, under the heavy hand of Signor Crispi,
while the Italians were urged to seek glory in
Africa. Is this the kind of civilization which
Signor Crispi wants to introduce into the realms
of Emperor Menelik? Why the worst state of
things in Aby.ssinia would seem a kind of para-
dise for these hapless little child -slaves in the
Sicilian mines. Let it be noticed that while
the Italian Government is playing its game of
haute politique with the German Kaiser, the
Italian immigration in America is assuming
greater proportions than ever. Although it is
early in the season, we already read of twenty-
five hundred Italian immigrants landing at New
York in one week. No wonder that all who
can, fly from the crushing poverty which can
be traced directly to the policy pursued by the
Italian Government for years [last. If the pre-
sent .state of things goes on indefinitely, Italy
will be left with a barren waste land, and with
a degraded population, ready for the wildest
work of destruction, but j)owerless to create any-
thing better.
Isaac Andrews'
ACCOUNT OF TirE EAKl.V I'AKTOF Ills LIFE, HIS RE-
LIGIUU.S EXERC1SE.S, AND CALL TO THE JII.MSTRY.
Under an humbling sense of the great good-
ness and inexpressible mercies of Almighty
God, manifested to me, a poor finite creature,
even from my childhood, my heart has often
been affected, in such a manner that I thought
I should be most easy to commit a few hints
thereof to writing.
When I was about six or seven years old, I
was induced to believe there was a God, and
that He loved good children, and was displeased
with those who are naughty. This caused me
to be afraid to tell lies, or be wicked. I like-
wise believed there was a devil, that had power
to hurt bgd children ; and when I had done
amiss, I was afraid of falling into his power. I
loved to go to meetings ; and when I sat still in
them, I was easy in mind; but when I did
otherwise, I was uneasy. I loved good men
and women, especially ministers; and had a
dislike to those who were wicked.
When I was between eight and nine years of
age, I was put apprentice to Jonathan Wright,
near Burlington, about fifty miles from my
mother, and all my relations and acquain-
tances. Being entirely among strangers, the
Lord was kind to me, making me sensible of
his love in turning my mind to seek Him,
alone, and to cry to Him for the influence of
his Holy Spirit, that I might be preserved
from evil ; to which I found I was by nature
inclined. And He did preserve me inhis fear
in a wonderful manner, until I was about six-
teen or seventeen years old.
Oh ! the strict government that I was kept
under, at that time! My greatest delight was
to be alone, to wait upon, worship, and praise
the holy name of my God, for his goodness to
my soul. I saw a necessity to use the plain lan-
guage, as "thee " and " thou " to a single person,
at all times, and in all companies; and when-
ever I did refuse or neglect this testimony for
Truth, even to an animal, I was reproved for
it. So that I firmly believe it is a testimony
that Truth requires of all that make profession
thereof; however light some may think of it.
About this time, my mistress died. She was a
woman of piety and virtue, and showed great
tenderness and care towards me. On her death-
bed she warned me to beware of bad company,
as though she saw the snare I was like to fall
into. Notwithstanding her caution, I was caught
in it ; for I became acquainted with some young
men and women, who took great delight in
what the world calls innocent mirth, such as
fiddling and dancing. But whatever some may
think of such amusements, they did not prove
innocent to me. I was thereby gradually drawn
away into the wilderness of sin and transgres-
sion, where no light appeared.
Although at my first going into this company
I was deeply distressed and condemned for it;
so that I concluded I would go no more, yet op-
142
THE FRIEND.
Eleventh Mo. 21, 1896
portunity and importunity prevailed. Then
was I again followed by judgment, and some-
times made covenant to do better ; but the
temptations of the enemy, with my own inclina-
tion, and the enticements of others, prevailed,
again and again. At length I began to flee
from judgment, and endeavored to stifle the
witness of God, in my own heart, which often
arose and testified against the evil I was in the
practice of. But I was tempted to make merry
over this inward reprover, by trampling upon
it, singing and dancing, whenever it arose. So,
by degrees, I seemed to gain a victory over it,
still presuming on the mercy of God, and adding
sin to sin ; until I was left to myself, so that I
felt no reproof for anything I did.
Oh, what vanity and folly did I indulge in !
My companions applauded and caressed me,
for mv activity, which prompted me to go on,
and I soon became a proficient in the school of
Satan, leaping and dancing and making merry.
Yet was 1 mercifully preserved from what are
called gross evils amongst men.
In this state I continued about two years,
and although I went to meetings, yet the chant
of the violin was so sounding in my ears, that I
received no benefit thereby. In this state of
darkness, the tempter persuaded me all was
well ; and I thought I was a clever fellow, being
much esteemed by those my associates.
Being now free from my master, I thought to
take my swing in the world. Yet, at times, I
thought I should be brought back again through
judgments ; but I looked at such an event as at
some great distance from me. However, through
mercy it was nearer than I was aware of.
Having some cattle at Little Egg Harbor, I
was obliged to go there, to provide hay for
them. While I was there I thought of my
father and mother, who were both dead, and I
was left like a sparrow on the house-top, or like
a sheep in the wilderness, without a shepherd.
Thoughts like these caused a kind of melan-
choly to seize me, which I did not like. Being
far from my jovial companions, I wanted to
get back to them ; and therefore thought to get
my cattle wintered, but nobody appeared wil-
ling to undertake it; so I was obliged to pro-
cure hay for them myself, which seemed a cross
to ray own will. As I was working, ray heart
became sad. At length, on a clear day, I saw
a little black cloud arise in the north, at a
great distance ; at which I was somewhat sur-
prised. Looking at it again, I saw it arose
fast and increased in blackness, which aug-
mented my fears, and terror began to take hold
of my mind, so that I durst not stay in the
meadow any longer. In haste, I ran to the
sea-shore; the cloud at the same time came
swiftly over me, and I was smitten to the
ground with thunder.
After some time, I got up and went to the
house, where my sister Hannah dwelt. As I
lay on a bed, my sight and sense, as to any-
thing outward, were taken away ; but I saw in-
wardly all my sins that I had committed.
Deatli seemed to look me in the face, and there
appeared no way to escape. I also saw, that if
I died in that condition, nothing but misery
would be my portion. Oh, the dread and terror
that I was in ; seeing, as to ray apprehension,
the very lake that burns with fire and bi
stone," where the worm dieth not, and the fire
is not quenched." This, I thought I saw to be
the enil of the wicked, who sin against know"
edge, until their day is over.
Oh, if I had been in the possession of a thoui
and worlds, at that lime, I would have give
them all for a little more time. I longed for it,
but could nut ask it with any degree of faith,
for my heart was hard. Thus, under inexpres-
sible anguish, I remained for some time. No
tongue can tell, nor heart conceive, to the full,
without an experimental knowledge of it, which
I sincerely desire may never be the case with
any.
After being in this condition until all hope
was gone, on a sudden my heart was tendered,
accompanied with a flood of tears. Oh, then
the cry was, for a little more time, which, at
"ength, seemed to be granted, on condition that
during the remainder of my life, I would give
up my heart to serve Him, who hath the lives
of all flesh at his disposal. This I now felt very
desirous to do, crying for strength and mercy,
and forgiveness of my sins, in such a manner
as to be heard by those near me.
The first thing I remember, as to anything
outward, was my sister, who held me by the
hand, and thus expressed herself: "Ah ! brother,
He that hath all men's hearts in his hand, can
change them in a moment." These being " words
fitly spoken, were as apples of gold in pictures
of silver," to which I could make no answer.
Thus, the Lord by his power, restored me
immediately to perfect health, and to ray senses
in a few hours. I then returned to ray labor,
in deep thoughtfulness and fear. And when I
had performed what I was engaged about, keep-
ing all to rayself that I had passed through, I
returned to my brother's house at Mount Holly,
where I made my home.
I soon met with many temptations ; for, fall-
ing again into the companj' of some of my
former companions, I found it very hard to
take up the cross, and deny myself of old prac-
tices, which through long custom, seemed in-
terwoven with my constitution. I had the same
inclination to vanity and folly as before. The
adversary strove hard to keep possession of my
heart, and through weaknes-, I was several
times prevailed upon to join in dancing and
making merry, which brought distress and an-
guish upon ray soul.
The last time Satan prevailed on this sub-
ject was as follows : as I was going along a
street in Mount Holly, I heard a fiddle, and
thought I would not go near it. Yet when I
carae opposite the house, it was suggested to
my mind that I might stand still and hear
what they were playing, for there could be no
harm in that. Then, that I might go to the end
of the house and listen ; there being no harm in
that, so I coraplied. Then it seemed as if it was
said, thou mayst go into the house, but be sure
not to dance ; there is no harm in that. So the
enemy prevailed by subtilty, and I lost my
strength, and to dancing I went, as though I
knew no better. — But this query came into my
raind. Where art thou ? Then I saw where I
was. and abhorred rayself. So I left the com-
pany abruptly, and went out, and wept bitterly.
Oh ! that night was a dreadful one to me. I
thought the very terrors of hell took hold on
me. I saw I had broken my covenant, from
time to time, and how the Lord had forborne
with me. I was now charged to break off my
sins, or else I should go back where I was wl
He met with me before, and should be left to
myself; and the pit I then had a prospect of
should be the lot of my inheritance. Oh, the
bitter cries and groans which those apprehen
sions then produced ! I hope I may never forget
them.
I then entered into a solemn covenant, that
if the Lord would give me strength, I would
never do the like again. This covenant I was
enabled to keep, blessed be the Lord, for it
as his power that preserved me from the jaws
of the devourer. When this was over, I had
faith to believe that the Lord, in his own time,
would enable me to overcome all my sins. A
prayer was raised in me daily, that He would
pardon, and blot out my transgressions, and re-
raeraber ray iniquities no raore.
(To be concluded.)
In the Far North.
At an early hour on First-day morning we
were safely moored alongside Sorabster Pier
(Caithness), and after breakfast in the steamer's,
saloon at half-past eight, we went ashore and
turned our steps towards the wild cliffs known
as Holborn Head. The hill above them is a.
bare, bleak slope, in many places almost devoid
of vegetation, being swept by the winter gales,
and often drenched with spray from the wild
Atlantic waves which break upon the rocks
beneath. In this barren wilderness we came
upon certain spots where the beautiful little
Primula Scotica grew in profusion, and the ex-
quisite liowers at once filled one with admira-
tion, and seemed placed there as fitting emblems
of the great Creator's love ; and as we gazed
upon them we were reminded of the words, "If
God so clothe the flower of the field, will He not
much more clothe you?"
We soon approached the " clett," a huge stack
of rock, separated from the mainland by a yawn-
ing gulf, into which we gazed and wondered, as
the innuraerable fowl went about their avoca-
tions regardless of our presence. We must have
appeared very small to them as compared with,
the huge rocks amongst which they lived and
reared their young in safety. Thousands of
guillemots were on the clifl^s and flying in mid-
air, whilst others, swimming, diving, far below,;
were hardly visible; black-backed and herring
gulls wheeled overhead, and screamed as if in
wild defiance as we stood upon the verge above
their nests, now deserted by the well-fledged
young, which ran among the ledges trying their
wings, and longing to air their pinions in trium-
phant flight; the puffin, " tamie norie" as the
Gaels call him, dwelt in holes high up amid
those clifl^s, and ever and anon went back and
forsvard between the heights and depths below.
" Your Heavenly Father feedeth them," came
horae to longing hearts, and a little further on
we sat and " waited."
Down in the hollow caves beneath boomed
the huge breakers, now here, now there, then
distant, and fittingly reminded us of one who,
long ago, when sitting on his native hills, com-
muned with God his Father, listening to the
roar of mighty waters after rain, as floating on the
breeze it carae and went, then came again, then,
died in everlasting distance; and our thoughts,
like his, were turned again, — " Deep calleth un-
to deep," and " What is man?" 'midst all this
chaos ; and we worshipped there — truly a fitting
place. How " marvellous God'.s works," and
raore still that He should care for us! And yet
He does ; we felt it, knew it, and we gave Him
thanks, and asked Him for a blessing, and He
blessed us there. A fitting house in which to
worship. There, " on the rock," with vaulted
arch of purest blue above, his loving presence
with us, and his soothing words of peace as one
by one they entered in and found a resting-
|jlace — "Take My yoke upon you," " Learn of
Me ;" and as the spirit was made willing, and
the flesh was crucified, so we were filled, "the
[ hungry with good thiugs.'' — The London Friend.
' jleventh Mo. 21, 1896
THE FRIEND.
143
i With .\n Ambulasck in Wak-timk. — Dr.
^harles E. Ryan has written a painfully inter-
feting work entitled, "With an Ambulance dur-
' l]g the Franco-German War" (London, Mur-
ay). Of one of his experiences he records:
We were compelled by the French authorities
b take out of the beds, as best we could, men
ii dire agony, some even at the door of death,
ad all severely wounded. I could not recall
"ithout pain the details of the scenes which ac-
ompanied their transportation. As I have
iid, their wounds were all of the gravest char-
cter ; some were mortal, the majority were ara-
utations, and the remainder compound frac-
Ures, or severe lacerated shell-wounds. To
hake the bed of many of the patients, or even
0 move them gentlj', was to cause them acute
uffering. One may imagine the agony of these
irave fellows when they were hauled out of
heir mattresses and put, two or three together,
Qto a cart or wagon, which, no matter how
arefully driven, had to j(iStle them along the
veary streets to the place of destination. I
vent successively into several of the wagons
phere some of the worst cases were, and did all
n my power to mitigate their dreadful pains;
;)ut, in spite of everything I could do, they
hoaned most piteously as the wheels bumped
iver any roughness in the pavement. I thought
1 bullet through the heart was preferable to
uch agony as they endured."
' The St. James Gazette remarks on this book,
hat Dr. Ryan has been as sparing as he well
wuld be of the horrors of the military hospital ;
)ut, despite his restraint, his work has all the
•ascination of the terrible. "People talk very
ightly," he remarks at the close," of the great
Suropean war that is said to be inevitable. It
;an do no harm to measure as far as possible
'.vhat such a war may mean." His book helps
)ne to make that measure. "Give peace in our
ime, 0 Lord !" is a prayer to which the expe-
•iences of an army surgeon should give an in-
tensity of meaning it were impossible otherwise
1.0 attain. — Herald of Peace.
'■ Save Yovr Strength.— You will need it
by and by. You may be young, strong, vigor-
3US, lusty, and full of energy and fire ; but the
lay may come when you will be weak, pale,
feeble, and sick ; and when the question of life
^r death will depend on the amount of strength
you have to resist disease, and restore you to
bealth and vigor. Then, when life hangs as in
I balance, if you have strength you will rally,
and if not you will go down.
The strength you waste in overwork, in use-
less sports, in needless exposure, violent exercise,
nervous excitement, laie hours, nights of de-
bauchery, in intoxication, in tobacco using, in
"luttony, and vice of every kind, will be just
what you will need to carry you safely through,
and add years to your term of life. But if your
strength is gone you cannot regain it. You may
dose and doctor, and stimulate, and search out
all the hidden reserves of your vitality; but
when you have found them and used them you
are done! Neither money nor medicine can
buy back life, or restore the wasted energies.
Your strength is gone, uselessly squandered ;
dissipated in folly, sapped by liist, broken by
indulgence, — and when you lie pale and feeble,
racked, tortured, tormented, panting, gasping,
'lying, you may perhaps remember that the
strength wasted in one single day or hour, would
have been ample to have carried you safely
through the crisis of disease, and given you
long years of usefulness and enjoyment.
A high price to pay for an hour of pleasure
and folly ! It is better to save your strength
when it is abundant, and so escape languor,
sickness, and pain, and have the vigor that de-
fies disease, overcomes infirmities, and lengthens
out a life of usefulness to the full measure which
God has granted us, and designed that we should
enjoy. — The Chridian.
In a treatise entitled "Truth's Principles,"
written by John Crook in 16G3, the author
makes a very clear distinction between the acts
of righteousness done by man in his ow^i will,
and that free gift which is of God through his
spirit, whereby Christ is made "unto the soul,
wi.sdom, righteousness, sanetification, and re-
demption It is not he that saith he is
righteous by the imputation of Christ's right-
eousness, but ' he that doeth righteousness is
righteous even as He [Christ] is righteous'"
(1 John iii: 7). This does not mean that it is
good works "as done by us, nor as inherent
us, as acts, by which we are accepted of God,
and justified before Him; but by Christ, the
author and worker of those acts in us and for
us, whereby we know that we are in Him and
He in us, and we know Him as our Head, unto
whom all things are gathered together in one."
This is in harmony with that declaration of the
apostle Paul, " Not by works of righteousness
which we have done, but according to his mercy
He saved us, by the washing of regeneration
and renewing of the Holy Ghost ; which He
shed on us abundantly through Jesus Christ,
our Saviour; that, being justified by his grace,
we should be made heirs according to the hope
of eternal life" (Titus iii). As also with our
Saviour's injunction, " Seek ye first the kingdom
of God and his righteousness." — United Friend.
A Shield and Buckler.— Charles Inglis,
an evangelist, speaking at a meeting in London,
related this remarkable incident :
" Twenty years ago I was at a convention in
the city of Dublin, and after the meeting a
gentleman put a Bible in my hand in which
was a round hole in one of the covers. He said,
'I want you to look at it.' I took it up to look
at it, and as I opened the Bible, I found leaf
after leaf had this hole through it, and I said,
' What does it mean ?'
" He said, ' Five or six years ago, in a trou-
bled part of the country where I was preaching,
I had just finished a service in a farmhouse, and
had got into my cart to ride home. Something
said to me, " Don't put your Bible into your
coat pocket," and I put it in my breast pocket.
While riding I saw a flash, heard a report, and
felt something had struck me.
"'I said, "Drive on, drive on quickly; I
think I am shot, but I am not much hurt.'"
" The gentleman shortly afterwards found a
hole in his overcoat, and he found the bullet
embedded in that Bible, and it stop])ed at the
seventeenth of St. John, where it says, 'Holy
Father, keep through thine own name those
whom thou hast given me.'
"God unfailingly watches over his children,
and is never at a loss in devising means to
eflfect their escape, even though they may have
to pass through fire and water." — Selected.
No great movement springs altogether sud-
denly into existence. Years of pre])aration are
often needed. Unseen forces are long tending
to results which burst out at length as unex-
pectedly as streams burst out from under hill-
sides, and then flow down to gladden all the
lower plains. — Exchange.
THE FRIEND.
ELEVENTH MONTH 21, 18'J(5.
A concern for the spiritual growth of our
younger members, and their preservation from
evil influences, has from its rise, been one of
the subjects which has engaged the attention of
the Society of Friends. As an illustration of
this, we quote the following extract from au
epistle of the Yearly Meeting of Philadelphia,
issued in 174G to its Subordinate Meetings and
members. After giving suitable counsel to the
young, it expresses the desire that the Elders
and others "show a disposition to admit them
at times into their company and treat them
with freedom and kiudne.'s which will very
much make way for any advice or counsel they
may give them in relation to their conduct."
We think this advice is as applicable now
as it was one hundred and fifty years ago,
and we trust there is a widespread concern
among our older members t(j help their younger
friends, as way may open for it, in their progress
in the Christian path. This concern not only
leads to desires and secret prayers for their
growth in grace, but encourages to the social
visiting them in their families, and to efforts to
strengthen the bonds that unite all in a com-
mon interest in the promotion of the cause (jf
Christ, and the welfare and progress of our own
religious Socieiy, and the spread of the princi-
ples it was raised up to bear testimony to.
When these concerned Friends meet with
those who are evidently bending their necks to
the yoke of Christ, and evincing by their con-
duct that they are being enrolled in the ranks
of the Redeemer's army, the comfort and satis-
faction they feel is such as to enable them to
understand the language of the apostle, " I have
no greater joy than to hear that my children
walk in the Truth."
In manifesting this love and concern for the
young, there is need of sound discretion, that
we may not unwittingly defeat our own object.
It would be a pity and an injury to the cause
of righteousness, if our love and symjiathy
should have the efltct of removing from the
youthful mind that uneasiness with any part of
their conduct which had been awakened by the
visitation of their Saviour; and should tend to
settle them at ease in practices inconsistent with
their profession. It was probably a concern of
this kind which one hundred years ago led to
the introduction into our discipline of the fol-
lowing clause : " In some places there may have
been a want of care, rightly to distinguish and
seasonably to bring into action, the talents be-
stowed upon some in the early stage of life;
but we believe that many who were evidently
under the forming hand, have been suddenly
laid hold of and introduced into service, before
that preparation of heart hath been sufficiently
experienced, which leads to a reliance upon
Divine direction, and redeems from a confidence
in the natural understanding; it is therefore de-
sired that by a just discrimination of times and
seasons, and of the qualifications bestowed, every
gift may be rightly exercised, and a succession
of useful members preserved in every work in
the church." (p. 61— Ed. of 1893.)
We fear that there are among our younger
members some who show by their dress, lan-
guage and general course of life that they are
unwilling to submit fully to the advice of their
olderand concerned Friends, and faiihfullv to up-
hold those testimonies which true Friends from
144
THE FRIEND.
Eleventh Mo. ♦!, 18<)6
the beginning have felt it theii duty to consist-
ently support ; and who yet in a general way are
convinced of the truth of the doctrines we pro-
fess, and desire to see them prosper and spread.
Their own unfaithfulness is a barrier to their
usefulness in the church ; rendering it improper
for Friends to entrust to their hands the more
important duties which devolve upon its faithful
members; and fearing lest their appointment to
official positions should have the effect of en-
couraging them to continue their inconsistent
course, and thus prove of real injury to them.
SUMMARY OF EVENTS.
United States.— Great credit is given to PresiJent
Cleveland and Secretary Olnej for their success in ar-
ranging an arbitration of the boundary line dispute
between Venezuela and British Guiana. Great Brit-
ain at first declined to arbitrate, and next refused to
submit to arbitration the territory inside the so-called
Schomburgk line. According to reports, the whole
territory in dispute is to be considered by the arbitra-
tors, with the understanding that fifty years of actual
possession is to bar a counter-claim. England thus
formally acknowledges the Monroe Doctrine. The
question is a delicate one, and is saved from being
embarrassing by Lord Salisbury's acceptance of Sec-
retary Olney's proposition. It is believed that the
dispute as to the boundary line must be settled with-
out friction, which will indicate both a victory for
the principle of arbitraiion and for the contention of
the United States as to our right to intervene when a
foreign Power atteuipts to extend its possessions upon
the American Continent.
A statement was issued on the 10th instant by
the Se:;retary of the Venezuelan Boundary Commis-
sion that in view of Lord Salisbury's announcement
and the probable early settlement of the b<iundary
dispute by arbitration, "the Commission, while con-
tinuing its deliberatiiins in the preparation and or-
derly arrangement of many valuable maps, reports
and documents which have been procured and used
in the course of its labors, dots not propose to formu-
late any decision for the present of the matters sub-
ject to its examination. It will continue its sessions
from time to time, with the hope and expectation that
a friendly and jjst settlement of all pending differ-
ences between the nations interested will make any
final decision on ils part unneces'^ary."
The position of our Government in the arbitraiion
with Venezuela will be that no protectorate over the
South Auierican Republics is assumed, but that we
act in the role of best friend.
President Cleveland said last week, in speaking to
a Senator about the rumors of war with Spain, that
the position of our Government was, as stated in his
last annual message to Congress, one of traditional
sympathy with a people struggling for autonomy and
fre&Jom, but, nevertheless, this Government felt its
plain duty to honestly fuKill every international obli-
gation. Every precaution has been taken so that if
occasion should arise in Cuba the United States could
assert itself with force, but he did not think the occa-
sion would arise.
The official vote of Pennsvlvania is given as fol-
lows: McKinley and Hobart (Rep.) 726,998 ; Bryan
and Sewall (Dem.), 42"2,054 ; Levering and Johnson
(Pro.), 19,274 ; Bryan and Watson (Peo), 61U3 ; Bryan
and Sewall (Free Silver), .5073; Palmer and Buckner
(.Jefleisonian), 11,000; McKinley and Hobart (McKin-
ley-Citizens), 1302; Matchett and Maguire (Socialist-
Labor), 11583; Bentley and Southgate (National),
870.
The official vote of Minnesota is given out. Over
340,000 votes were cast at the election Eleventh Mo.
3rd, an increase of over 44,000 since last election.
McKinley received 193,455 votes; Bryan, 139,477;
Palmer, 3209; Levering, 4002, and .Matchett, 734.
Wyoming's electoral vote will be given to Bryan,
and one vole of Kentucky to the Democratic candi-
date— the other 12 to McKinley.
The (yhief Justice of .Vrizma has given a decision
sustaining the contract for leasing prison labor by ex-
Governor llu;;hes and Board of Control for ten years
at seventy cents per day. This means the prison will
be self-supporting, and will construct a mammoth ir-
rigaiing canal, reclaiming 100,000 acres to agricul-
It is estimaleil that 30 per cent, of the inmates of
public institutions in this Slate are aliens.
Sarah Malloy, of Cheyenne, Wyoming, is the first
woman to he chosen a Presidential Elector. She is a
Republican, while her husband is a Democrat.
Following the lead of Chicago, a New York dry
goods house is about to start a little school in its own
premises where the cash girls can obtain instruction
one or two hours every day. In one of the large dry
goods stores of Chicago a day and a night school is
maintained, with competent teachers and all the mod-
ern accessories of a first-class school-room where the
emplovfe of the store are given free education.
The" orange trees of Florida are rapidly recovering
from the effects of the great freeze and the Florida
AgricuJturist says it will not be long before the State
is sending as many oranges to market as ever before.
Deaths in this city last week numbered 384, which
is 10 more than the previous week and 6 less than
the corresponding week of 1895. Of the whole number
193 were males and 191 females: 49 died of pneu-
monia; 35 of heart disease; 28 of consumption; 20 of
nephritis; 19 of diphtheria; 18 of old age; 15 of ma-
rasmus; 14 of inflammation of the stomach and bowels ;
13 from casualties; 12 of cancer; 12 of apoplexy; 11
ofinanilion; 11 of convulsions, and 10 of Bright's dis-
ease.
Markets, &c.—\J. S. 2's, 95 a 97 ; 4's, 1091 a 110; new
4's, \l% a 120.\; 5's, 112 a 112J; currency 6's, 101 a
105.
Cotton. — Demand from spinners was light, but the
market ruled steady on a basis of 8jC. per pound for
miildling uplands.
Feed.— Winter bran in bulk, quoted $10.00 a $11.00
and spring do., in sacks, at $9.75 a $10..50 per ton.
Flour.— Winter super, $2 90 a $3.15; do., extras,
$3.25 a|3.40; Pennsylvania roller, clear, $4.10 a $4 35;
do., do., straight, $4.50 a $4.75 ; Western winter, clear,
$4.10 a $4.35; do., do., straight, $4.50 a $4.75; do.,
do., patent. $4.85 a $5.00 ; spring, clear, $3.85 a $4.25 ;
straight, $4.30 a $4.60 ; do., do., patent, $4.75 a $4.90 ;
do., favorite brands, higher. City mills, extra, $3.25
$3.50; do., clear, $4.25 a $4.50: do., straight, $4.50
$4.85 ; do., patent, $4.90 a $5.1-5. Rye Flour.—
$2.75 per bbl. fur choice Pennsylvania. Buckwheat
Flour.— $1.60 a $1.70 per 100 pounds for good to
choice.
Grain. — No. 2 red wheat, 89i a 90c.
No. 2 mixed corn, 29.} a 30c.
No. 2 white oats, 24 a' 24 Jc.
Beef Cattle. — Extra, 4 J a 5c.; good, 4 J a 4|c.;
ediuni, 4J a 4ic.; common, 3J a 4Jc.
Sheep and Lambs. — Extra, 3J a 4c.; good, 3} a Zhc;
medium, 2J a 3c.; common, 2^ a 22C.; culls, IJ a 2c.;
amhs, 3} a 5^0.
Hogs.— Western, 5^ a 5.1c.; State 4} a 4ic.
Foreign.— Members of the House of Commons are
lupplied with stationery of the very best possible
quality, and a generous use is made of it. During the
session, 410,500 letters were posted at the House
of Commons, which gives an average of over 600 per
meuiber.
London's population increases about 70,000 every
year.
A despatch of the 11th instant from Manila says:
"The Spanish forces have won a brilliant victory
over the insurgents at Noveleta. The rebel positions
were strongly fortified, and there was desperate fight-
ing before they were taken. The insurgents lost 400,
and the Spaniards 33 killed."
There was a large attendance of spectators at the
opening of the Reichstag on the 16lb instant, in an-
ticipation of a warm debate over the neutrality treaty
between Russia and Germany. The affair, however,
proved to be a disappointment, the Government Min-
isters deprecating a continuance of the agitation as in-
jurious to the Empire.
It is announced that a treaty of peace has been
signed between Aliyssinia and Italy. The new conven-
tion recognizes the complete independence of Ethiopia.
King Menelek declares free all the Italians taken
prisoners during the recent campaign.
Charles Hall Adams, United States Consul General
iu Liberia, now in this country on a visit, says that
Liberia is fairly prosperous, and that industrious and
intelligent people are able to make a good living in
the country. The principal industry is the raising of
coffee and palm oil, and a number of American ne-
groes own good plantations and enjoy incomes of as
much as $5,000 a year.
The Transvaal Government claims from the British
Soulh Africa Co'npany £1,000,000 indemnity to cover
the damage sustained by the .lameson raid.
A feature of the population statistics of Western
Australia is the large proportion of males to females.
The disparity is maintained in the arrivals by sea. At
present there are 45 females to every 100 males.
Costa Rica and Colombia have agreed to arbitrate
a long-standing boundary dispute. See, what a good
example does !
RECEIPTS.
Received from George Sykes, Agent, England, =£20,
15 shillings, being 10 shillings each for Vol. 70,
from himself, Alice Alexander, Mary Ashby, John
Anderson, Robert Biglands, John Bellows, R. B. Brock-
bank, Birmingham Friends Reading Society, Robert
H. Clark, James Cloak, Stephen Cumberland, E and
G. Brodrib, Thomas Francis, William Graham, Wm
B. Gibbins, Jane HalI,William Hall, William Knowles,
Wm. James LeTall, Joseph Lamb, Anna Moorhouse,
W. C. McCheane, William R. Nash, Daniel Pickard,
George Pitt, Sarah Pearson, John Sykes, Eliza M.
Southall. John Hall Shield, Isaac Sharp, Jr., Jame<
G. Smeal, Charles W. Thomson, John Wood, Lucy W.
Walker, John H. Walker, Francis Ellington Wright,
Wm. Williamson, Ellen K. Watkins. Mordaunt M.
Monro, to No. 27, Vol. 71, .lohn Cheal, Vol. 69, and
R. H. Dreaper, 15 shillings to end of vol. 70.
NOTICES.
The Moorestown Peace Association op Friends
will mail free suitable and interesting literature to
all who are interested in the propagation of peace
principles. Alice C. Rhoads, Sec'y.
Moorestown, Burlington Co., N. J.
Westtown Boarding School. — Applications for
the admission of pupils to the school, and letters in
regard to instruction and discipline should be ad-
dressed to William F. Wickersham, Principal.
Payments on account of board and tuition, ami
communications in regard to business should be fur-
warded to Edward G. Smedley, Superinlendenl.
Address, Westtown P. O., Chester Co., Pa.
Westtown Boarding School. — For convenience
of persons coming to Westtown School, the stage will
meet trains leaving Philadelphia 7.17 and 8.46 a. m.,
and 2.53 and 4.32 P. M. Other trains are met when
requested. Stage fare on regular trips, fifteen cents,
on special trips, twenty-five cents each way. To reach
the school by telegraph, wire West Chester Phone 85.
Edward G. Smedley, Sup'i.
Western Quarterly Meeting op Friends.—
The train leaving Broad Street Station, Philadelphia,
at 7.17 A. M. on the twentieth inst. will be met at
West Grove to convey (free of charge) those desiring
to attend the Western (Quarterly Meeting of Friends,
to be held at London Grove, Chester Co., Pa.
It would assist the Committee if those intending to
come could inform by postal in advance.
?poT?„*:\™''K^'»«"""^^-
tjEO. i\. Chambers, J
Friends' Institute Lyceum. — The first regular
meeting will be held at 140 North Sixteenth Street
Sixth-day, Eleventh Mo. 20th, at eight o'clock p M.
Died, on the eleventh of Ninth Month, at the resi
dence of her son-in-law, Eli S. Fawcett, Ruth .\nna
Hiatt, relict of the late Jesse Hiatt, a member of Ches-
terfield Monthly and Particular Meeting of Friends
Ohio. She was of a meek and quiet spirit, " which ic
the sight of God is of great price," and was a diligeni
attender of meeting as long as health permitted. Shf
endured a lingering illness with much patience and
resignation, but often expressed a desire to go and bi
at rest. Iler relatives and friends have a comforting
hope that she is numbered with the just of all genera
tions.
— — . William A. Cook, near Glenville, Md., Sev
enth Month 26th, 1896, in the sixty-second year of hi:
age, after a long illness which he bore with Christiar
patience and resignation. We believe his end wa;
peace an<l our loss is his eternal gain.
, at his residence in Philadelphia, Eighth Mo
9th, 1896, John C. Allen, aged eighty-nine years;
An esteemed member of the Monthly Meeting oi
Friends of Philadelphia. The long life of this deal
Friend was an active and useful one, till prostrated bj
sickness, nearly three years before his decease. Dur
ing the protracted illness which followed, his menta
powers were at times clouded, but he often gave evi
dence of an earnest desire to be prepared for the solemi
close, expressing, " I have to depend entirely upon thi
Almighty," and again, "Nothing but mercy, mercy.'
W'e have the consoling belief that through the merci
of God in Christ Jesus, he has exchanged the trial:
and sufferings of time for rest and peace in that Heav
enly Home for which his spirit often longed.
THE FRIEND.
A Religious and Literary Journal.
VOL. LXX.
SEVENTH-DAY, ELEVENTH MONTH 2«, 1896.
No. 19.
PUBLISHED WEEKLY.
Price, if paid in advance, $2.00 per annum.
iviunication.'i
Edwin P. Sellew, Publisher,
No. 207 Walnut Place,
(S>utkfrom Walnut Street, between Third and Fourth,)
PHILADELPHIA.
Arlicles designed for insertion to be addressed to
JOSEPH WALTON,
MooRESTOWN, Burlington Co., N. J.
I Entered as second-class matter at Philadelphia P. O.
liary and Letters of Deborah Brooks Webb.
1 (Continued from paae 1".S.)
: 1864.— Fourth Month lOth.— This morning
yielded to what seemed a Divine intimation
I meeting — " He calleth his sheep by name,
hd leadeth them out" — encouraged me to
'se, if He would return with me and give me
eace, which has mercifully been the case, and
lis afternoon He renewed the lauguage in my
:ir, " If thy eye be single, thy whole body shall
e full of light." Oh, I will now try to be
atchful lest I deny my Lord and have to
eep bitterly, as poor Peter did. Thou knowest
ne depth of my soul, oh Lord ! how I want to
;e thine.
17th. — Yearly Meeting has commenced, and
jy God has dwelt mercifully with me. Oh,
rant unto me clearness, that I may serve thee,
ad thee only, and have my imagination cruci-
ed. I feel as though I stood on a sea of glass.
'wo days more will bring nie to the commeuce-
■lent of my thirty-fifth year. I give all my
fe to thee, my God and Saviour. Do with
le what thou wilt, only let me not stray and
ring disgrace upon thy Truth.
24th. — This has been an eventful week to me.
)n my birth-day I besought him to search me
nd know my way, etc., and to my surprise it
'as shown me. I had not been faithful to
lanifested duty on First-day afternoon. I am
p afraid to express what gathers upon ra_y
lind out of meeting, and pleaded that as an
scuse, but my answer came immediately — ■
What God has cleansed thus, call not thou
brnraoD or unclean." How condemnation seized
'le that night and the ne.xt, and I was made
'illing to covenant to do anything, and was put
3 the trial on Fifth-day morning. Buftetings
■ere mine afterwards. It seemed as if I had
one in my own will in rising so soon, but He
ad brought to sight the case of putting off to a
lore convenient time. To-day I am ready to
onclude it was like the whirlwind of which
Clijah speaks. I did not wait long enough for
he still, small voice. In thy marvellous mercy
hou hast forgiven it all. Oh, my dear Lord,
nd I feel to-day like the woman who ceased
lOt to kiss his feet, from the time He came in.
C^eep me in the hour of temptation.
Fifth Month ord. — Oh, Lord, crucify my vain
aind and imagination. Oh, crucify me, crucify
me, crucify ine, I pray thee. Take away all
within me offensive in thy holy eyesight, and
help me to live otily to thy glory and the benefit
of mv fellow-creatures.
Fifth l\Ionth .Sth.— Oh, turn thy hand ujjon
me, dearest Lord ! "Search me. Oh, God, and
know my heart, try me and know my thoughts,
and see if there be any wicked way in nie, and
lead me in the way everlasting." Oh, how I
want to be searched ; I am so afraid of my own
willings and runnings. Help me to turn in-
ward, for that which may be known of God is
manifest within. Help me to pray without
ceasing. Oh, enable me to walk in and out
before the children properly, bless my endeav-
ors in school, I humbly pray thee.
1.5th. — Several times lately, when I first awake
to consciousness in the morning, some text of
warning or encouragement comes to mind, which
I esteem a great favor, believing it to emanate
immediately from the Holy Spirit unmixed with
any cogitations of my own. They always seem
so "true to my state, and help me through the
day. This morning, entirely without previous
expectation, the awakening impression was, that
I must kneel and pray after morning reading.
I greatly feared rebellion, so laid still and let
matter gather on my mind, and all seemed so
clear. I promised obedience if He opened the
way, which He marvellously did, and I trem-
blingly obeyed. To-night I feel quiet peaceful-
ness, but think there is so much danger of my
falling. Help thy poor, unworthy child. Oh,
Lord, and grant that I may be led only by thy
Holy Spirit.
2ist. — Oh, my dear Lord and Saviour, I
want to know certainly, if I am serving thee?
It seems almost impossible for me to believe,
that the Holy Ghost can be in such a poor, un-
worthy creature as 1 am. First Corinthians,
sixth chapter, nineteenth and twentieth verses
comforts me.
22nd. — Sometimes it seems as though ray
heart and flesh would fail, with the conflicts of
my soul. Oh ! give to me that peace which thou
gives to thy faithful children. Am I entirely
faithful to "the cross, every hour? Can I say
with poor Peter, " Lo, we have left all and fol-
lowed thee?" To-day I was tried again with
doubts as to my duty, when the language came,
" Rise, Peter, slay 'and eat," so unexpectedly
that I remembered that I must not call what
He gave me common or unclean. My fears
were overpowered and slain, but I cannot eat
with that joy and peace, that others say flows
into them. Oh! I feel his presence, and He
does not condemn me ; but so many fears pre-
sent for the future that I cannot rest. He
knows what I need and I try to cast my burden
on Him.
29th. — Measurably preserved from falling
into those sins which formerly harassed me so.
Thanks be unto the great and all powerful One.
I try to cast myself into his arms like a little
chil'd, and trust to his leadings for everything.
O 1 my soul, " how much owest thou unto my
Lord ?"
31st.— Stephen Crisp could say, " Our simple
view and desire is to die to ourselves and all
the world, to know no man after the flesh, nor
to be known i)y llieni; but only to know the
Lord and to walk and act under' his immediate
notice." Is not this, dear Lord, what thou hast
in measure led me into. O, enable me to walk
only in thy counsel and fear. Thou knowest
how I long to be thine only.
TO L. II. B.
" Philadelphia, Si.xth Month 3rd, 1864.
"I do sympathize with thee very deeply, for
my path has so often seemed alone, as to out-
ward company, though at the same time fa-
vored with kind friends and nothing of which
to complain. Let us remember our dear Sav-
iour ' trod the wine press alone.'
" It is such a favor, too, to feel with the apostle,
' Absent from the body, but present with the
Lord.' Shall we not try to keep our hearts
awake to Him, while we join the outward life,
' I sleep, but my heart wakelh,' saith Solomon,
in his Songs. Though I remain so long silent,
yet thou art not forgotten, for sometimes while
in deep prostration of soul, I remember thee
and have pleaded with Him to know why it is
thou feelest thy path to lead from us, to know
whether it is because thou art not willing to
become as a fool for his sake. Not willing to
come out from the world and be separate?
But no answer comes. I try to cast the care of
us both on Him, desiring He would search us
both, through and through, and enable us to
submit to all his chastenings. My path is still
in the deep, and I pray to Him to keep me
in the valley of humility, for Job Scott says,
' Where the grass is green and the flowers bloom.'
" One First-day evening, not long since, while
pleading with Him to know how 1 should feel,
I met with this passage, to my great comfort
then and since, 'Thou wilt show mc the path
of life; in thy presence is fulness of joy, and
at thy right hand are pleasures forevermore.'
I dwelt on this much ; then came the passage,
' Thou wilt show me the pure river of water of
life,' etc. Then the healing river seen by Ezekiel,
which rose to the knees and onward till one could
swim in it. Oh, it is very sweet to feel his
presence as a ' river, the streams whereof make
glad the whole heritage of God.' 'Oh, that
thou hadst hearkened unto my commandments,
then had thy peace been as a river, and thy
righteousness as the waves of the sea,' often
seems a very serious consideration to me, and
awakens to "watchfulness. Dearest Laura, O
let us try to walk continually as in his Holy
sight. Thou didst not tell me, what made you
all so sick ? I was very sorry for thee. Shall
I see thee before going East during vacation?
It would be pleasant, but I feel very poor my-
self, that my letters are too, unless written with
his holy approbation. This is why it is best
not to have set times, but to write when our
spirits seeni seasoned for it.
" In dear love, farewell, thine trulv,
"" D. B."
146
THE FRIEND.
Eleventh Mo. 28, 189G
Sixth Mo. 5th. — There was a passage passed
through my miud again and again on Third-
da_v, but I had no thought of its being intended
for nie to express, till towards the close of the
meeting, when matter arose with such weight, it
seemed as though it laid heavy upon nie, as a
debt to the Friends there assembled. I gave up
to say it, and have felt quiet since. This was
more like the openings I have read and heard
that others had, and "Do ye now believe?"
seemed queried of me, so plainly the next day.
Oh, I want to serve thee, and thee only, oh
Lord, save me from the deceitful workings of
my own heart, and appoint me my dwelling in
the low valley of humility.
TO h. H. B.
" Philadelphia, Sixth Month ]2lh, 1864.
. . " I do not think thy name can ever pass
my thoughts without a secret committal to his
care, as has been the case for years. We are
too deeply knit together now to Christ, to part.
The wound would be too deep, though 1 feel
myself so poor and unworthy of the love, care
or notice of any being on earth. A poor worm
of the dust, upheld, sustained, and at times
raised up, by his Almighty power and great
mercy. Yesterday I opened Thomas :i Kempis
to the words, 'Do not think that thou hast
made any progress tov.ards perfection, 'till thou
feelest that thou art less than the least of all
human beings.'
" Oh, my dear Laura little knows all I feel. I
think still there will be a difference. Thou wilt
look upon me as posiessing Quaker ])eculiari-
ties, and all ray secret feelings cannot be as
clearly expressed and understood. But hearts
warmed by Christ's love are one, and the nearer
I see thee conformed to his image, thy heart
warmed with the desire to glorify our only
Saviour and Redeemer continually, the more
deeply shall I love thee under whatever name
thou passest.
"D. B."
(To be continued.)
Selected.
Religion and Childhood. — I believe that
little children by multitudes might be kept from
ever departing from the sweet love of God re-
vealed to these infant souls if it were not for the
worldly pride and vanity fastened in them.
Mothers plan more carefully for their children's
dress than for their souls. Children learn soon
that their clothes are for show ; the dancing-
school, costuming, pantomines, theatricals, all
sorts of entertainments, lead them from early
and simple trust and love for Jesus, and force
them in cruel vanity into worldly ways and
the world. Such mothers will have the souls of
their children to answer for. In the providence
of God I was .saved from all these thing?, and
while during these later years I was not all I
could have been by grace, yet I am deeply con-
scious that such surroundings miuht have led
me from the way of the Lord and banished from
my heart the ever recurring desire to know and
do his will, by open confession and a devout
life. I have been led to write of my early con-
viction and experience, that parents and teach-
ers may, with holy care, guard their children
from the snares that rob the Lord Jesus of his
little ones.
What had the life of Jesus been to us if we
had only the record of his .sermons without the
record of his going about doing good ? I think
the every day life of Jesus touches the human
heart as well as the great truth which He ut-
tered.
Isaac Andrews'
(Concluded from page 142.)
Ohl the days and nights, the weeks and
months of sorrow, I had to pass through! So
that I had no comfort in any thing; bemoan-
ing my condition, and crying to the Lord for
strength, that I might be enabled to please Him.
When I was in company, I endeavored to hide
my inward exercises from all mortals; and in
so doing I felt a degree of peace to attend me,
which was like healing oil to my wounded soul.
This increased my love to God, and my hope of
salvation, through Christ.
Afterwards 1 was tried another way. My
former companions began to mock, and deride
me, saying, I was grown proud, and would not
speak to them ; or, that I was in love ; or, going
melancholy. Sometimes one would say, " I sup-
pose you will be a preacher, by and by." An-
other, " You used to be a good fellow, what ails
you now, to be so churlish. You are afraid to
spend your penny. Come, we will treat you, if
you will go with us." I told them no; I had
something else to do. Then would they leave
me in a flouting manner; which I found I must
bear, and keep to myself, conversing but little
with any ; and by this means I increased in
strength.
Thus, the Lord was pleased, in mercy, to
carry on his great work in me. My heart be-
came daily more exercised on account of sin-
ners, especially for my old companions, that as
He had met with me, and shown me my condi-
tion,— so, that He would also be graciously
pleased, in mercy, to awaken them to a sense
of their wretchedness and misery, and that they
might be made partakers of his mercy and for-
giveness.
Thus, as I took up the cross, and was faithful
to what was made known to me to be my duty,
I found an increase of peace in myself; and to
God, the author of it, thanksgiving and praise
was raised in my soul to his worthy name, which
was as a strong tower, unto which I fled in time
of temptation and trial, and found safety. I
saw it to be my duty to go to meeting, both on
First and other days of the week; and I en-
deavored to have my mind retiree! inward, as
much as possible, therein to wait upon, and to
worship God, who is a spirit, in spirit and in
truth. As I continued diligent in this exercise,
I came more and more to experience the Lord's
power to come over me, particularly in silent
meetings; and as I bowed under a sense of his
goodness, I was enabled to reverence and wor-
ship his Holy name, in fear and trembling.
Oh! the sweet peace and solid comfort that
attended my mind after meetings. The remem-
brance of it made me long for meeting day to
come again. Thus was I fed, like a child, with
milk, from tinje to time; which encouraged me
to keep to that duty, although the meeting was
very small, and mostly held in silence. But
after a time, I found it harder to get my mind
still. Death, instead of life, seemed to attend
me. This caused a query, why it should be so?
which I could not resolve. I began to doubt
and fear that I had been mistaken in time past,
with respect to my senee of worship. This slate
continucil for a time, until I was almost dis-
couraged. But an handmaid of the Lord, Han-
nah Hurford, came to visit us ; and after sitting
soiue time in silence, she stood up and said,
" Friends, I perceive the living amongst you
are scarcely able to bury the dead. And this
is the reason some are so exercised." She fur-
ther said, "Be not discouraged; but keep to
thy exercises, and thou wilt know better times."
And so I found it, life sprung up with her words
and I was greatly refreshed and encouraged tc
persevere.
Soon after this, I was married to Elizabetl
Elfreth, daughter of Jeremiah Elfreth, of thi
city of Philadelphia, on the twenty-first of thi
Ninth Month, 173«. We first settled at Mouii
Holly, for about five months; then removed ti
Haddonfield, where I entered into a great dea
of business, considering my ability and experi
ence. This brought a fresh exercise on mi
mind, for fear I should not conduct agreeabli
to the profession I made; which often engage(
me to beg for wisdom and strength, that so .
might not hurt my inward condition.
I found it my duty to keep to meetings, not
withstanding my increase of business ; believin}
all my endeavors would be fruitless, without ;
blessing from above. I seldom went into publi
company, without begging for preservatioi)
which seemed measurably to be granted. So
went on with my business, with cheerfulnes
and great peace of mind.
About this time, I saw, as I apprehended
that I should be under a necessity to call t
my fellow creatures, in public, to come to tha
Fountain, which in some measure had healei
me. This brought to my remembrance how i
was with me, when I followed the voice of th
stranger into the wilderness; and Oh! how di'
I lament my lost time, from the age of sixteei
to twenty-four, about which age I had the sam
apprehension. This exercise brought me ver
low in mind, in consideration of what a rebel
had been ; and I was made willing to say, N(
my will, but thy will be done. Be thou mout
and wisdom, tongue and utterance. So in grea
fear I went to meetings, dreading the time, an
often crying. Oh! that thou wouldst make m
what thou wouldst have me to be, even as cla
in the hands of the potter !
In the Seventh Month, 1740, at a meeting a
Newtown, the Lord's power came upon me, an
I was moved to speak to the people, and to e>i
hort them to labor that they might know a pnj
found silence. But Oh ! the pleading and reS|
soning that attended me, until the meeting ws^
over. So I went away under condemnatioi
and in great distress, considering how I ha
disobeyed a merciful God, who had done s
much for me, a poor unworthy creature, n(
deserving the least of his mercies. Thus I n
mained in a humbled, pensive state, until th
twenty-eigth of the same month, when, being t
a meeting from home, at which were many (
my acquantances, the Lord's power again cair
over me, and I was moved to kneel down, an
supplicate his name : and although the cross w:
great, the crown of peace was greater. Blesse
be his name for ever and ever. Amen.
Thus, reaping the fruits of obedience, I ws
made willing to comply with what appeared t
be required of me. My mouth, from time tj
time, was opened in testimony and prayer; ami
as a child, was I fed with milk, for a time. Bi|
afterward, a fresh exercise attended me. TI'
Lord was pleased to withdraw the light of h
countenance; and great darkness seemed I
cover my mind. I sought Him daily, but t
no purpose, as I thought; and the enemy w«|
strong in temptation. So my sorrows increased
I examined my past conduct, but could not fin'
the cause : my faith and hope were almost gon
and I was ready to sink in despair.
But as my hands were employed in my labo
on a sudden, I seemed to hear a voice, sayinj
" Stand still, and see the salvation of God." A
these words came, I stood slill ; and Oh ! tb'
tieventh Mo. 28, 189G
THE FRIEND.
147
,ower with which my heart was filled : inso-
:iuch that I was broken into great tenderness,
ud wept for joy. Then 1 took up a new reso-
ition, to follow Him, wheresoever He should
e pleased to lead me. I was ready to sing as,
, were, on the banks of deliverance; hoping I
lould never be so tried again. But I was not
enuitted to remain long in this state; fur, soon
fter, I was tried again with a senseless, light,
iry spirit; so that I could scarcely think of
ny-thing solid : and I was almost ready to con-
■emn solid weight in others.
About this time, some women Friends came
) ray house from Pennsylvania, and appointed
meeting at Timothy Matlack's. I concluded
) go with them, but thought it looked very
polish, and they very despicable, for attempt-
ig such a thing. I went, and sat down with
iiem, still being under the cloud, which con-
nued till near the close of the meeting; when,
nexpectedly, the Lord'.s power came upon me.
nd I was moved to supplicate his name. So I
neeled down and prayed ; but as soon as 1
•as on ray seat again, all was vanished away;
ud I could not believe 1 had felt his power,
lUt thought it was a fiction. So went home in
;reat trouble, and concluded all my hopes of a
aviour were gone, and that I was certainly
nder deception ; and my s irrows increased
;ay and night.
, Oh! how did I lament and mourn, because
ly hope of a Saviour was gone! At length, I
oncluded to take a ride into the woods, to seek
:]y Beloved, where I might be less interrupted.
Jut there, I thought He fled from me, for a
jme. 1 then came to this resolution, that if 1
led, I would die seeking and crying after Him.
Jpon coming to this conclusion, ray mind be-
lame more still ; and in this stillness, came the
ulness of Him who is the resurrection and the
ife, and his living presence raised my drooping
oul from death into life, by which I was ena-
iled to praise his holy name.
When this exercise was over, I thought I
lad a prospect of the state the disciples were
a when their Shepherd was smitten, and the
heep were scattered ; and how the death of the
ross looked to them as a despicable thing. And
hough He appeared to them, and vanished
.way, some of them could not believe that they
lad seen Him, but that it was a fiction ;— yet
vhen He appeared again, they were strength-
ened to believe it was He, without any doubt.
This being confirmed, they had to strengthen
ithers to follow Him, in the way of the cross,
ind self-denial, without which, no man can be
lis disciple.
Thus was my hope renewed, and my faith in-
Teased, to believe in Him, who is the way, the
ruth, and the life; and no man can come to
he Father but by Him. This I had to declare
0 others, and was engaged to invite and per-
uade them to come to Christ, the hope of glory.
; had also to go to and fro in the earth, that
his knowledge might be increased ; and it be-
:ame my meat and drink to do the will of my
Heavenly Father. I felt love to flow in my
leart towards all mankind, and strong desires
.vere raised in me that they might come to the
knowledge of the Truth, and be saved. In this
ove, I visited most of the meetings in Pennsyl-
vania and New Jersey.
Thus, when we are obedient to the manifesta-
-ions of that Divine Light, which is placed in
3ur hearts, we have to experience peace and
;ranquillity of mind. Oh! may it be my most
3arnest concern, to yield true obedience to its
lietates in my own breast, to the close of my days.
For "The Kkibnd. '■
A Marble Quarry.
Baker's limestone (piarry, in Chester County,
Pa., is an extensive opening into a bed of rock,
from which large quantities of stone have been
taken out for building purposes. A few years
ago, the owners of the quarry had a series of
borings made with a diamond drill, which dis-
closed in one corner of the excavation, at a
depth of many feet, a bed of pure white crys-
talline .stone, which they determined to work as
marble. Our limestones are mostly derived
from the ocean, and are composed of shells and
corals, ground up and deposited at the bottom
of beds of water, and subsequently consolidated
into strata of rock. In this process, the fossils,
which previously existed, are mostly so de-
stroyed as not to be recognizable. In statuary
marble the mass is composed of very fine crys-
talline grains, so that its structure has been
compared to that of loaf sugar. But the term
" marble" in a more general sense has been ap-
plied to any crystalline limestone capable of
receiving a polish. Some of it is pure white,
other varieties are colored, of many different
hues by various impurities.
On approaching the scene of operations we
found that they had removed about six layers
of limestone, each three or four feet in thick-
ness, with lines of stratification between them,
so that the blocks were easily loosened when
they had been detached from the layer to which
they belonged, by being cut apart with long
chisels. Below these limestone strata, the pre-
vailing color of which was white, came a bed of
dark, slaty rock, resembling gneiss or mica
schist, about seventeen feet thick. Underneath
this was the bed of marble which the workmen
were excavating. It was beautifully white, and
apparently composed of small crystalline scales.
Tlie method of quarrying pursued, of detaching
the blocks without the use of powder, enabled
the workmen to procure noble slabs of the stone.
We saw one slab over thirty feet long, six or
seven feet wide and between one and two feet
thick. The magnificent derrick used to lift
them out of place is said to be one of the largest
in the world and capable of raising a weight of
about one hundred tons.
The interposition of such a mass of dark rock
between the upper and lower deposits of lime-
stone is a very interesting geological fact. It is
probable that on the shores of the ancient ocean,
when the materials of the marble were deposited,
some change had taken place which had per-
mitted the inflow of an enormous mass of mud,
that had buried deeply the lime deposits which
were, before being raade, without raixture of any
foreign element. In proces> of time further
changes allowed the sea-water to flow in, and
.the formation of lime deposits again commenced,
and formed the beds of limestone which now lie
above the dark rock. The slaty structure of
this is not due to its deposition in layers, but
has been caused by the pressure of the masses
above, as is the case also with slates. If a mass
of soft material is subjected to heavy pressure
in a vertical direction, the effect is to spread it
out horizontally, and thus to give it a slaty
structure. True gneiss rock contains mica,
quartz and feldspar. In the rock from Baker's
Quarry I could not trace these three ingredi-
ents.
The change of form, by which layers of lime
mud are transformed into crystalline marble —
sand into rock, etc. — is a phenomenon of great
interest and importance. It has probably been
a process that has required thousands of years
to accomplish, and been aided by the pressure
of overlying material and the mysterious force
of crystallization, and in some cases by subter-
ranean heat and moisture. J. W.
Anecdotes of Edison.
In Edison's earlier life he was employed in a
telegraph office which was overrun with a nu-
merous army of cockroaches, against whom the
telegraph clerks had long waged an unsuccess-
ful war. The iu.sects seemed to be increasing,
and no place on the premises was secure from
them. Edison fastened some shining strips of
lin-foil on the wall. He smeared these with
such food as beetles love, and connected the
strips with a powerful battery. The strong
electrical current destroyed the roaches.
The electric lamp which Edison invented
consists eesentially of a glass bulb, which is
made as nearly a perfect vacuum as can be pro-
cured. It contains a fiue filament of carbon,
which becomes intensely heated by the passage
through it of a strong electrical current, and
thus becomes the source of the light. There was
much difficulty in obtaining a suitable filament,
which should be free from all volatile matter,
and yc-t, after calcining, should have tenacity
enough to be used. While experimenting on
this point, he remembered a pa-sage in Hum-
boldt's writings which described the properties
of a certain kind of bamboo that grew on the
banks of the Amazon. As he more closely ex-
amined the description he became convinced
that in vegetable fibre alone could be found the
exact material for which he had been looking.
After that, he sent out, from time to time,
chosen emissaries to far distant lands, to find
the particular kind of bamboo which would
best suit his purpose. One person travelled
in China and Japan and found a fine fibre,
which is still in use. Another explored the
shores of the Amazon for twenty-three hundred
miles and found many varieties of bamboo. Still
later an explorer was sent out to Ceylon, the
Indian Peninsula and adjacent countries.
Amid the multiplicity of calls at this day to
enter into " practical work," and espouse this
or that benevolent cause, as though the prime
requisite were that the hands be kept busy,
there is danger of overlooking one essential part
of the Gospel teaching, namely, the necessity
that each follower of Jesus should know Him
of a surety to be the Christ, the son of the liv-
ing God. To this end the apostles labored, and
the Gospel record of John was written to set
forth this great truth. " These are written," the
latter declares (John xx: 31), "thatj-e might
believe that Jesus is the Christ, the Son of God,
and that, believing, ye might have life through
his name." In the face of so clear and definite
a statement as this, there can be no ground for
a Christian society to consider as a non essential
of faith, the question of the Messiahship and
Divinity of Jesus Christ. Our early Friends
were very explicit in their testimony on this
point : " We do own and believe in Jesus Christ,
his [God'.>] beloved and only begotten Son, in
whom He is well pleased ; who was conceived
bv the Holy Ghost, and born of the Virgin
Marv : in whom we have redemption through
his blood, even the forgiveness of sins." (Fox's
Letter to the Governor of Barbadoes.) — The
United Friend.
It may not be ours to utter convincing argu-
ments, but it may be ours to live Holy lives.
148
THE FRIEND.
Eleventh Mo. 28, ISM
THE GIANT -WHO -WANTED TO W^ORK.
Id a little Scotch kitchen, wilh rul'ters abdve,
And the wide ipen fireplace that grandmothers love,
Tlie kettle was making a terrible din.
AVould you gness that a giant was prisoned within ?
Xo one knew what he said ; no one heeded the noise ;
People don't when they live in a house lull of boys.
And, with grandma asleep and .James on the settle.
Small wonder they heard not the voice in the kettle.
" I'm a giant imprisoned !" the cry came again.
" I have strength for the work of a million of men ;
Your ships I will carry, your carriages draw."
Jamie looked in surprise, but no giant he saw.
'• I can print all your books, and your cloth I could
weave ;
Your grain I will grind, if you'll but give me leave ;
Great weights I can lift, as you quickly will see ;
Only give me more room. Come, my lad, set me
free."
Just then grandma awoke, and she cried : " Lazy
thing,
Have you nothing to do but to hear tea-kettles sing?"
But he answered her gently and told her bis plan-
More rcom for the giant to do all he can.
Just a dream? No, indeed ! Y''ou will own it was not
When I tell you the name of the lad was Jauifs Watt.
'Twas the giant who is working for you and fur me;
Areu't you glad that he listened, and then set him
free ?
— Sunday School Visitor.
Safe home, safe home in port !
Rent cordage, shattered deck.
Torn sails, provision short.
And only not a wreck.
But, O, the joy upon the shore
To tell our voyage perils o'er !
The prize, the prize secure !
The athlete nearly fell ;
Bore all he could endure.
And bore not always well.
But he may smile at troubles gone
Who sets the victor-garland on.
No more the fue can harm ;
No more of leaguered camp.
And cry of night alarm.
And need of ready lamp ;
And yet how nearly had he failed —
How nearly had that foe prevailed .'
The e.xile is at home '.
O, nights and days of tears ;
O, longings not to roam ;
O, sins and doubts and fears:
What matters now grief's darkest day ?
The King has wiped all tears away.
The Great Northern Railway experienced
much difficulty on their road between Everett
and Seattle, where the track runs along the fuot
of bluffs, from the moving of the earth, which
became thoroughly saturated during the rainy
.season and slid down and covered the tracks.
It was an expensive matter removing the earth,
and large gangs of men were employed. Fi-
nally an experiment was tried with a small
boiler of twenty-five horse power and two hun-
dred and fifty feet of cotton- covered fire hose,
and it was found that the earth could be satis-
factorily removed by the hydraulic process.
The road now has a regular installed plant, the
boiler being located on a flat car, accompanied
i)y another carrying a water-tank. Since this
plan has been in operation large quantities of
earth have been removed at the points where
much trouble had been experienced before, and
with such satisfactory results that no detentions
to trains have occurred, and the cost has been
very much less than under the old method. —
The Independent.
Letter
Germany.
GoTTlN-GEN, Tenth Month 16lh, '9G.
You probably know that the number of sun-
shiny davs in "this part of the world is fewer
than in California — in fact, that spite of barome-
ter and all signs of " clearing up," it can keep
on raining here with a pertenacity that I have
never before seen equalled, but when it is clear,
then it is beautiful, and the Germans know how
to make good use of such days. We have been
planning any amount of trips for this month,
but very few of them have materialized, owing
to unfavorable weather. Yesterday and all
last night the wind blew almost a gale, but this
morning it had cleared off and promised a fine
afternoon. The director of the girl's high school,
who lives on the first floor, came rushing home
during school hours to say we must be ready a
little before one, and that we should go to Miin-
deu. I bad time to look in my Badecker and
see that this place of which I had never before
heard was " charmingly situated on a tongue of
land at the junction of the Fulda and Werra,
the united waters of which form the Weser,"
and was " a pleasant, old-fashioned town." There
was also mention of a " Scbloss," several churches
of the fourteenth century, and other objects of
interest. The word " old " simply electrifies me,
and the thought of wandering through narrow
streets and climbing old towers fills me with
delight. I need not therefore tell you that I
was at the station in time, where I met the rest
of the party, nine in all.
Gottiugen lays in a valley, as I have told
you very often, and the branch of the railroad
that goes toward Cassel, climbs first the ridge
about sixteen hundred feet in elevation that
bounds our valley on the West, and then de-
scends on the other side through a picturesque
rolling country, which very soon comes to be
called the " Weser Gebirge," a general name
taking in all the rolling, hilly, region west and
north of the Harz.
Yon will be weary of iny ceaseless talk about
the German "Dorf," but if you could only look
down upon one as it really is, with its red tiled
roofs, by age and lichens mellowed into ex-
quisite harmony with the luxuriant foliage that
surrounds them, and then, too, .=een in the light
of such an autumn afternoon — well, you would
warm up, too, I judge !
AVe stopped at a little station on the way,
and taking a winding path that led through
forests and across meadows, we came in a little
less than two hours along the steep slope of a
densely wooded mountain side, through whose
branches we now and then caught glimpses of a
dark, deep blue, which suggested great distance
and gave promise of a splendid view as soon as
an opening could be found. This was not long
in presenting itself, and we looked down in de-
light and wonder at the picturesque town with
it^ towers and red roofs, lying at the point
where the three rivers meet, or rather where
the two form the third.
As we were all good Germans (that does not
tnean that I am not a better American than
ever, only being here, I naturally take on Ger-
man ways), we were too thirsty to remain long,
aud so following a steep narrow path, we were
in a few minutes landed in the back yard of a
hotel picturesquely situated at a height of per-
haps five hundred feet above the valley, and
commanding a charming view — that is to say,
from the front of the hotel— the backyard was
by no means remarkable, except for the amount
of geese that were sauntering about. Here we
ordered coffee, aud seated ourselves at a table
from which, being in a glass-enclosed veranda
we had a fine view. One curious German cus-
tom is the having at all such places — and theii
name is legion — postal cards wilh horribly uglj
and highly colored representations of the regioii
about. Often on one postal card one can pro-
cure pictures of any where from ten to twetitj
objects of interest, and all for ten phennige
there is just room left to write your name anc
a few words. So everybody thinks of all tht
people they know, and send to each one o
these cards. The young girl with whom I wen i
to Berlin, and who was also with me in thi
Teuterburgerwald, sent on an average some
thing like half a dozen or so a day, and oftei
many more.
All the boarding school girls " take coUec
tions," and each strives to outdo the other ii,
the number and variety that she can produce
But this is a digression— after the postal card
had been written (I need not tell you tha
from the heights of a wisdom which age an(
experience has brought me, I look down witi
pity upon such weakness), we descended inti
the town. Crossing over an old stone bridge
we were ushered at once into narrow wiudiof
streets with the houses protruding forward, eacl
story farther over the street, as though reach
ing out in a friendly way to the neighbor oi
the other side, who in turn leans respectful!;
forward to meet it half way. In a short tiiui
the greater part of the party disappeared in !
florist store, and as I prefer the old houses,
set myself to try and make out some of th
sayings carved in the wood-work. On one
read, " Wer Gott vertraut, hat wohlgebaut':
(who God trusts has well builtj, and a lot mop;
which I have forgotten.
The old Rathhouse (Townhall), is a fine!;;
preserved building from the sixteenth century
I planted myself in front of it and tried t
puzzle out the inscriptions, when I becam
aware of a group of giggling school childrei
playing on the steps. I would see their head
peeping round the corner, then a shout oi
laughter, and the heads would disappear, onl;;
to have the same scene repeated. When th
rest of the party came up, we went through th'
building, which had nothing of remarkable in
terest to hold us long. After making our wa
through the town, we cros-ed the Fulda on :
beautiful new bridge, and climbed, by a wind
ing path, the very steep hill on the other sid
of the valley, from the top of which a higl
tower built on the site of an old ruin command
a superb view of the entire surrounding countr)
It was already past sunset as we reached th
top of the tower. The moon, nearly full, wa
beginning to shed her silvery light over th
landscape, and her image was reflected bad
from the smooth surface of the Fulda at ou ■
feet, fitr, far below us. The three valleys open
ing out in the three directions, formed a perfec
Y, and seen from this height the town waseveii
more picturesque than from the other side o
j the valley. Although the walls are entirely rei
moved, or used to form the side of buildings, i'
was perfectly easy to see where they had fni
merly stood, for within a certain limit th
houses were compact as possible, without ■.[
vestige of green to be seen among them, tbei
outside this limit the town spread out with plent;:
of foliage and garden about each.
After seeing so many places of the kind, [
find I am beginning to have a clearer idea o.
the history of the development of the countrj
— it begins to soak in, as it were. You see, iij
the very early times there was no such thin!
■nth Mo. 28, 1896
THE FRIEND.
149
n,s a walled town in Germany — and those old
rubber knights did all they could to pievent
there being any strongholds not in their own
ihaiuls. Gradually, however, as the merchant
class grew in strength, and the power of the
(knigiits was weakened through the crusades
and other causes, and as the emperors came to
seek aid of the towns, against their too ambi-
tious subjects, the towns gained more and more
freedom, and the " Hanse," a combination of
the merchants during several centuries, prac-
tically had the balance of power in their own
hands. I will c(}nfess candidly that though I
can talk glibly enough about the " Hansezeit,"
yet the more I would try to explain it, the less
I would seem to know.
The churches and cathedrals belong any-
where along in the eleventh, twelfth or thir-
iteenth centuries — the old castles are often more
ancient, but the walls and towers, as well as the
"Rathhiiuser" belong to a later period. In
front of the Rathhiiuse is always the "market,"
where to the present day the peasant women
come and sit behind their "Kiepen,"in which
they have their merchandise for sale. Several
jtimes a year booths are here erected and all
'sorts of articles exposed for sale.
• I have already told you about the "Jahr-
niarkt" at Hanover, which comes twice a year
;and at which times all the public schools have
vacation.
I We staid up on the tower until the lights
.had begun to glimmer out among the trees in
ithe valley below. In the town itself were none
Ito be seen, for the houses are too close together
to allow them to appear, and we found when
iwe started to cross the town on our way to the
station, that the aforesaid lights were very few
,and far between. We reached it, however, with-
out any mishap, and had long enough time
at the station for the members of the party
(a German habit which I have not taken on),
■ to drink two glasses apiece, before the train,
for Gottingen came along. For the present I
must say farewell, for I am already nearly half
asleep, and I am sure you will wish I were
[quite. E. S. Kite.
For "The Friend.'
Western Yearly Jleeting of Friends was open-
ed by a session of the fleeting for Sutferiugs, on
Seventh-day morning, Tenth Jlonth 3rd, at 10
A. M., followed by the Meeting of Ministers and
Elders in the afternoon, in which the presence
of the Lord was felt and the earnest concern
of the meeting was that our annual gathering
might lie one of special blessing.
On First-day two meetings for public worship
were held, both of which were well attended
The Gospel message flowed freely in both ses-
sions, in which invitations to come to the loving
Saviour and find rest to thesoul that is weary and
heavy laden, and warnings of the consequences
of rejecting the offers of Redeeming Grace, were
clearly set forth. The meetings were felt to be
seasons of Divine blessings, and many hearts
were made to rejoice in the feeling that the Lord
was still mindful of his dependent children.
On Second-day the first session for Discipline
was held. Reports were received from all the
Quarterly Meetings. The names of representa-
tives being called, all were present except four,
for whose absence reasons were given. Asenith
Baily, a minister from Ohio Yearly Meeting,
attended the meeting, producing a minute of
unity and concurrence from the Monthly Meet-
ing and Quarterly Meeting to which she be-
longed ; her Gospel labors were very accepta-
ble to the meeting; there were .several Friends
ill attendance from other Yearly Meetings whose
com[)any was very acceptable.
Epistles were received and read from New
England, Canada.Ohio, Iowa and Kansas Year-
ly Meetings. The reading of these tokens of
brotherly love brought a feeling of tenderness
and love over the meeting for those from whom
they came ; and a testimony to the feeling of
tenderness present caused many to weep in the
remembrance of the goodness of God to his
church and people.
On Third-day morning the representatives
proposed Abel H. Blackburn for Clerk, and
Thomas Elmore for Assistant, who were united
with. The meeting then turned its attention to
reading the Queries and the Answers to them
from the Quarterly Meetings. During the con-
sideration of the State of Society, there was much
earnestness manifested that the members of our
Society should live in accordance with our pro-
fession, not being ashamed that the people of the
world may know us by the peculiarities that
have ever characterized the Society of Friends.
On Fourth-day two meetings for worship were
held. Both sessions were well attended, and
again the Gospel message flowed freely, ami
Friends were much refreshed in spirit, many
remarking that it was good for them to be there.
Fifih-day was the last session of the meeting,
which was taken up largely by reports from
Committees and reading Epistles toother Yearly
Meetings. The subject of Education has claimed
the attention of Friends more than usual this
year, and parents were encouraged to endeavor
to give their children a guarded religious edu-
cation, if it did call for some sacrifice at their
hands. A solemn feeling came over the meet-
ing, just before it closed, in the remembrance
that some who met and mingled with us last
year, have been called from works to rewards,
and a desire was expressed that if we should
never all meet again here in this world, we
might meet in the Church Triumphant on high.
The meeting then adjourned, to meet at the
usual time next year.
For "The Krie.nd.''
A Crisis.
Many are feeling that a crisis involving se-
rious consequences to our people and country
has just passed. One of our statesman speaks
of it as deliverance from a perilously near ap-
proach to a precipice. Many men of diflerent
political views admit that a panic has been
barely escaped ; although some of these had
hoped that after a time better conditions would
have resulted. The writer regards the situation
as a Providential deliverance from danger, and
also as a warning that we cease from doing evil
and practice more of well-doing ; lest his anger
be not passed away, and his hand he stretched
out still.
I am reminded of the feeling of impending
judgment that preceded the outbreak of our
Civil War. Jly father had been for many years
a deeply interested ob.server of the iniquitous in-
stitution of slavery, and earnestly desired eman-
cipation might be peaceablj' brought about, if
consistent with Divine Wisdom. He sympa-
thized with and helped the negroes in his own
neighborhood, and sometimes those who had
escaped from bondage. With others he was
instrumental in having a law passed by the
State of Pennsylvania, against kidnapping the
colored people. He also labored successfully
in preventing the repeal of an important sec-
tion of this law. Some years before his death
he said he did not wish to live to see a Civil
War. A short time before his decease he ex-
pressed a feeling that slavery was about to be
abolished, although he did not .see in what way.
He died in the Twelfth Month, 18G0, several
months before the firing on Fort Sumter.
Thomas Evans, who was a spiritual father to
nie, remarked that he felt that the punishment
of the Nation for its complicity with slavery
was coming; but he had craved that the Lord
would spare us a little longer.
Will we not learn that national sins are pun-
ished when persisted in, as surely as individual
sins? That a tariff adjustment and reciprocity
in tra<le, will now of themselves restore pros-
jierity to our country, I do not believe. Our
expenditures for intoxicating liquors amount
to more than a billion of dollars annually; a
sum suflncient to liquidate the national debt, or
to purchase all the gold and silver that the
United States has coined. Notwithstanding
high license, local option and local prohibition,
the per capita consumption of these liquors is
steadily and rapidly increasing. Participation
in the profits of the manufacture and trade iu
these beverages, by licensing their sale, has rec-
onciled our national Government, nearly all of
the States, and many municipalities, to depend
very largely upon the money derived from this
unrighteous business for their revenue.
Seeds have been sown during the campaign
just closed, which, if suffered to grow and ma-
ture, may produce a bitter harvest. Principles
have been advanced that are at variance with
sound morality. These have been listened to
by hund reds of thousands, and no doubt accepted
by many as truths. Men have been taught to
believe that the capitalists and employers are
the enemies of the laborer, the farmer and the
employee ; that they accumulated wealth by
the unrequited labor of their work-people's
hands; and that the remedy for this state of
affairs is opposition and retaliation. It will re-
quire much wisdom and patient labor to set
right those who have been thus misled. Per-
sons who have suffered from unsuccessful busi-
nes.s, or from reasonable expectations unrealized,
or from severe losses on accoimt of the monetary
unsettleraent for several years past, should not
be passed by on the other side, but sympa-
thized with and assisted by counsel, or in some
other more practical way. To love our neigh-
bors as ourselves is a great and noble attain-
ment; and to place ourselve? in their position
when in trouble, may be a useful and needful
lesson to many of us. Above ail, let us remem-
ber that the Lord reigneth. That He is nigh
unto all that call upon Him— to all that call
upon Him in Truth. And that " the supplica-
tion of a righteous man availeth much in its
working." James v: 16. R. V. E. M.
Time-work or Piece-work. — One who is
doing his best is pretty sure to have this recog-
nized ; and one who is not doing his best may
be equally sure that it will be known. A keen
observer said, in passing a building that was
in process of construction, "I can always tell
whether those fellows are doing ' time-work ' or
' piece-work.' In one case the blows of their
hammers drag along slowly, and seem to say
'By the day, by the day;' in the other case
the hammers strike brisklv, and say ' By the
job, by the job.' " Consciously or unconsciously,
our actions show to those around us the spirit
that is prompting them. It is the work into
which has gone the best life and energy of the
worker that finallv counts.— .SV/ecW.
150
THE FRIEND.
Eleventh Mo. 28
For "The Friend."
Friendly Intercourse.
In a recent outing from home of a few days,
the writer was favored to enjoy the company of
congenial friends, and to partake of the sweet-
ness of social intercourse with those who were
endeavoring to walk in the footsteps of the flock
of the companions of Christ.
Among the subject of conversation was the
efficacy of prayer, and the goodness of our
Heavenly Father in responding to those peti-
tions which He first puts it into the hearts of
his servants to ofl'er unto Him.
One of the incidents related was that of a
sea captain, who was striving to reach a harbor
near Cape Ann, but his ship became almost un-
manageable, and the darkness occasioned by the
storm so great, that he could not tell where he
was, and was compelled to let his vessel drive,
at the imminent risk of being wrecked on the
shore. In his extremity he prayed to the Lord
for help, and a gleam of light was sent, which
showed him the entrance of the harbor, in which
he found shelter and safety.
Another interesting account was that of a
manufacturer in Philadelphia, who had con-
sented to give at his expense, an excursion to
his workmen and their families down the Dela-
ware River. He made it a condition that the
captain of the boat should return in time for
the party to take their suppers at their own
homes. Towards evening a storm came up, and
as he saw the dark and threatening aspect of
the clouds, a sen^e of the danger to which the
company was exposed so impressed his mind,
that'about five o'clock in the afternoon he was
led to pray to Him, who controls all things,
that He would spare the lives of the people.
They reached home in safety. On meeting with
one who had been on the vessel, he inquired
where they were at five o'clock, and was an-
swered that they were near Chester (a few miles
down the river), and that amidst the blackness
of the storm an open space, up which they came,
seemed like a lane with a wall of thick darkness
on either side.
In the course of conversation, our late worthy
Friends, Jacob and Phebe W. Roberts were
remembered. Phebe's gift in the ministry was
a very acceptable one to people in general.
She was much led to encourage her hearers to
be faithful to the duties called for at their hands,
and to hope and trust in the Lord. The re-
membrance of her and her services is still pre-
cious. When Jacob Green, of Ireland, was in
this country many years ago, and met with
those Friends, he turned to Jacob and said :
" Take care of that little woman." It is believed
that he faithfully performed this. While some-
what original and bluff" in his manner, he was
a kind-hearted, sensible man, and a valuable
Elder in the Church. S^me years ago, one of
our ministers felt a concern to pay a religious
visit in Ohio, and his mind turned to Jacob
Roberts as a companion. He wrote to Jacob
suggesting his going with him, and received a
letter, which must have crossed the other on its
way, offering his services — if a plain country-
man would be acceptable. O le of the com pany
mentioned that when he was put on the Com-
mittee to have charge of the Westtown School,
he met with Jacob Roberts, who was also under
that appointment, and had been for some years.
Jacob wished to caution him not to be unduly
sensitive to remarks that might be made, and
expressed it in this characteristic way, " The
first thing thee has to do is to put on the hide
of a rhinoceros."
Several other Friends were brought into
kindly remembrance — such as David and Mor-
ris Cope, Henry Wood and Sarah Street, of Ohio.
One who was" intimately acquainted and had
travelled in company with Henry Wood, said
that when out on religious service, he was re-
markable for the steadiness with which his mind
was directed towards the object of his visit. He
did not allow it to relax in social enjoyment
until he had felt after any duly that might open.
In this he was like Sarah Cresson, of a previous
generation, who said she never went into com-
pany without in the first place endeavoring to
feel whether her Master had any service for
her therein.
An anecdote told of the late Morris Cope was
instructive. On one occasion, when a document,
prepared probably by a committee, was under
the consideration of the Meeting for Sufferings,
a proposition was made to strike out a certain
paragraph, the omission of which would have
greatly weakened the force of the essay. Mor-
ris inquired what was before the meeting, and
when the clerk stated that it was a proposition
to omit that paragraph, Morris remarked, " If
you want to say that the exercise of the meeting
for the last forty years is of no account, that is
the way to do it." No one ventured to oppose
this decided statement, and the paragraph was
retained.
The subjects introduced into our friendly con-
ference were not all of modern date. An anec-
dote was told of Nicholas Wain, a prominent
Friend of last century, who in his younger years
had been a successful lawyer. One day a young
man came into his office and told him that he
had an offer to be trained as a lawyer without
cost. Nicholas simply replied, " I had an in-
come of ten thousand a year and I quit it."
_^^_^_^___ J- w.
My Elephant.
His name was " Colly ;" he and I were young
together.
In those days the business between Boston
and India was not done by sending messages
to and fro by telegraph wire under the sea, as
it is nowa-days. The cargoes were sent from
here by sailing vessels, and a sort of confidential
clerk, called a " supercargo," was sent with each
vessel, to take charge of the business at the end
of the voyage, and to buy the return cargo.
When I was a young man I went several times
to India as supercargo, and once, in the year
1832, as I was about to sail from Boston to Cal-
cutta, on my third voyage, at the age of twenty-
two, a man came to me, who wished to import
an elephant, and asked me to take an order
from him to buy a large elephant and bring
it home to him.
We made an agreement, and signed a written
contract, which stated that the elephant's height
should be measured at his sho\ilder ; a certain
price to be paid for ten feet in height, with one
hundred dollars added for every inch beyond
ten feet, and one hundred dollars less for every
inch less.
After I had reached Calcutta and attended
to business connected with the ship's return
cargo, I started one day to go to an indigo plan-
tation, about seventy miles u p the river Hooghly,
where, I was told, a man lived who had a herd
of elephants. He received me most hospitably
and took me out to a grove, where he kept about
twelve elephants of different sizes and ages, each
chained by one hind leg to a tree. He invited
me to make my own choice among them ; but
as I was quite ignorant of their valuable points,
and had not the slightest idea how to judge of
them, I told him I would prefer to have him
select one for me. This, however, he refused to
do, saying that he would not take the risk ; and
so I finally pointed to a fine, large fellow, who
seemed not too old (he was about thirty yeare
old.j and said : "There's the one I want."
" Oh," said the owner, " how came you to
choose him ? I would rather give up any of the
others, for he is my finest and bravest tiger-
hunter, and I really don't want to spare him."
I stood firm, and declared that I would have
that one or none, and so we closed our bargain.
The hugh creature measured at the shoulder
ten feet and one inch, and I paid for him twelve
hundred rupees — equal at that time to about
six hundred dollars. I then arranged for his
native keeper, or mahout, to come with him to
Boston ; and although ray host pressed me cor-
dially to stay longer with him, and made a
tempting proposal (which I longed to accept)
to take me next day on a grand tiger hunt, I
felt that my business duties and responsibilities
were too heavy to allow me to risk my life with
a tiger. So, with many regrets, I took leave of
my hospitable, pleasant friend, turned my back
on the tiger, which, of course, I should have
" bagged," and hurried back to town to prepare
for my voyage, and make all ready to lodge
our giant passenger on board ship.
I had a house, or pen, built for him on deck,
and knowing that we should arrive ofl' the New
England coast in winter weather, I had a warm
covering made for him, thickly wadded with
cotton. Fancy an elephant dressed in wadded
pajamahs!
They swam him down the river nearly all ■
the way from the plantation, and kept him for
a few days outside Calcutta, until all was ready. '■
There they put on him a heavy belt, or girth, \
which I had had made, of four thicknesses of!
canvas, with heavy iron rings at the top, and ■;
he was driven to the dock after sunset, as it was ''
forbidden to bring an elephant into town by day. ;
At the dock we had a crane such as is used '.
for hoisting heavy goods, and its strong hooks
being lowered, and caught into the iron rings \
on the elephant's waistband, the poor old fellow,
trumpeting with terror and dismay, was swung,
like a monstrous bale of goods, into the big pen
on deck, where he was to spend the next six I
months at sea. He stayed there very comfort- '
ably through the long voyage, petted by all on I
board. He and I became great friends ; and ;
every morning, when I went to his pen to talk
to him, I carried in my jacket pockets some
pieces of ship biscuit, which he learned to find ',
and take out with his trunk. I
His usual food was either rice or gram (a |
kind of dried pease), and we had a large quan- '|
tity on board for his use. After cooking it, the '
mahout would make a sort of hen's nest of hay, •
fill it with the cooked grain, and lay it as far !
inside the elephant's mouth as his arm could
reach. Eight or ten of these " bird's-nest pud-
dings" were needed for one meal ; and when
Colly wanted a glass of water, he would draw
up into his trunk a whole pailful at one draught, i
and then, turning the end of the trunk into his '
mouth, squirt it down his throat. The mahout
had a large shovel to use for cleaning out the
pen, and one day, when he had left it standing
at the side. Colly tonk it up by curling his trunk
into the hole in the handle, and began to scratch
himself with the blade all over his sides and
wherever he could reach. After that he would
never let the mahout have that shovel, but kept
it for his own " back-scratcher."
jiilh Mo. 26, IS'JG
THE FRIEND.
ir.i
I At last our long voyage was over, and we
|,rrived safely at Bostou. Colly was as anxious
ks every cue else to go ashore, and a wide, heavy
;aDgway,or landing-stage, was placed from ihe
,hip to the pier for him to walk ashore ; but he
lad only taken one step when he felt the plank-
ug sag under his weight. He drew back, and
he mahout, with all his cries and urging — eveu
abbing him with a sharp goad — could not make
<\\m venture farther than to try it with one fore-
oot. 1 told the man to keep quiet and wait,
:»nd let him take his own way, for I was sure
16 would be as glad to be on land as we would
:)e to have him get there.
Before long he began to feel his way again,
;aiitiously pressing on the gangway with both
ore-feet; then kneeling down on all four knees,
lie slowly hitched himself along in that jiosition
ill the way across to the pier. It seemed won-
lerful that he should know that by spreading
he weight of his body over a large surface he
;ould get over more safely than by bearing on
:iis feet.
I He was then delivered to his new owner, who
iept him for a short time in an old barn in East
Boston. I went there two or three times and
,.ook friends to see my big pet, whom 1 was very
forry to lose sight of, when he was soon after
removed to parts unknown.
During the next six years I went several times
;o India, and once brought home a rhinoceros
for the same man who had had the elephant.
Finally I was obliged to take some months away
from business, and go for my health to the West
Indies. After spending the winter on a coflee
plantation in the island of Cuba, I came in the
Bpring to Havana, to sail for home. While
waiting there for my vessel to be ready, I was
walking idly along the street, when a man came
eagerly toward me, calling me by name, and
seeming much pleased to see me. When he saw
ihat I did not recognize him, he said: " Why,
don't you remember me? I'm the man for whom
you bought a rhinoceros, and now 1 want you
to come this afternoon and see my show of ani-
mals ; the rhinoceros is among them, and I'd
like to have you see him. Promise me that you
will come. The show begins exactly at three
o'clock, and you will really do me a great favor."
! I was willing enough to make the promise,
as my hours of waiting were slow and tedious.
I betook myself that afternoon to the place de-
scribed, and found my man at the door, impa-
tiently looking out for me. A large audience
was already seated in an aiuphitheatre, and
before us, in the nearest cage, was a large rhi-
noceros. As I stood looking at him, the show-
man liegan addressing the crowd, jabbering to
them in Spanish. I had learned a little of the
language during the winter, and after a time
it suddenly struck me that he was speaking of
me. I turned about, and saw that every eye
seemed to be fixed on me.
" Look here," I cried, " what are you doing ?
What are you saying about me ?"
" Hush ! Hush !" said he. " Don't expose me
now. I am only telling them that you captured
this rhinoceros by a terrific struggle, after fight-
ing him all day in a swamp."
■' Let me get out of here !" I said. " I'm not
going to stay to be talked about in any such
fashion !" So I turned away and walked around
through a side passage of the rambling old
building, until I came out in a place where I
saw an elephant just beyond. As I looked at
him I seemed to see a likeness to my old pet of
six years before, and I called out to him :
"Colly!"
Immediately he raised his head and looked
towards me, moving his great car.s forward iu
excitement. As I drew nearer to him a keejier
appeared — an American— and called out to nie
to keep away. "Don't go near that elephant!"
he said. " He's very cross today, and I dare
not go near him myself."
But without realizing my danger, I had al-
ready come within the huge creature's reach,
and before I could withdraw, he put his trunk
around my waist, and drawing me gently up to
him, between his tusks, held me pressed against
his forehead as tenderly as a human mother
would hold her child. I patted him and talked
to him, but I was glad enough when he un-
wound his trunk from my body and let me go.
Then he began feeling about with his trunk for
my sea-jacket pockets, where he used to find
ship-biscuit at sea, and I called to an old black
woman who sat near by with cakes for sale, and
bought out her whole stock to feed the good
old friend who had remembered me so many
years.
The keeper watched all this scene in great
excitement, and finally came forward, begging
me to tell him what it meant. " For," said he,
" I would not have given a farthing for your
life when I saw you iu the elephant's grasp."
" Oh," said I, "he is an older friend of mine
than he is of yours;" and then I told iiim the
story of my old acquaintance with Colly, and
of our long voyage together six years before.
When I turned to leave the place the dear
old fellow stretched his head forward to see me
as long as he could, seeming to wish I would
stay with him ; but after one long look back-
ward at the noble creature, I turned a corner
and never saw him again. — Our Animal Friendii.
Items.
T/ie Luci/erians.—ODe of ihe curious vagaries of
the human mind is shown by the existence of a
French sect who worship Satan under the name of
Lucifer, as the principle of intelligence and life.
A Sectarian Movement at West Point. — Under this
heading The Iiuhpendent gives the following infor-
mation : "The Government provided, some years
ago, a chapel on the reservation for religious wor-
ship in addition to that used by the chaplain.
This chapel has been free both to Protestants
and Catholics. Both have used it, and there has
been, so far, no conflict or difficulty of any kind
between them. It is not a denominational church,
but is maintained by the Government fur ail who
wish to use it.
" Recently the parish pripst of Highland Falls
started a movement for a Catholic chapel to cost
about §20,000, and to be erected within tlie military
reservation on Government grounds. The build-
ing is intended to be for the exclusive use of
Catholic worshippers. The proposal did not, as
we are informed, originate among the officers or
professors of West Point, and does not command
their united support. It is an outside movement,
and the money is to come wholly, or almost wholly,
from outside sources.
" The question that immediately occurs is, How
can the ground be obtained for the proposed de-
nominational building? Manifestly Colonel Ernst,
tlie chief officer, lias no power to make such a
grant; neither has the Secretary of War. Con-
gress alone, by special enactment, can appropriate
Government land for such a purpose. It appears,
however, that tlie Secretary of \Var has the power
to issue a license for the erection of temporary
structures, such as sutlers' sheds. The license is
temporary and revokable; and those who are work-
ing for the church expect to get it. They must
have a degree of confidence that the property will
eventually be secured. Do they count on holdins
the land under a mere license? Do tliey have an
idea that no complaint will be filed and no de-
mand made for its revocation ? Or do they expect
to a-xk Congress, after the chapel is built, to make
the grant in perpetuity ? It is significant that it is
not to he a temporary structure ; it is to be built of
stone. If they are allowed to erect it, they could
make a strong ajipeal against any proposition to
remove it.
" We trust that the Secretary of War will refuse
a license for any denominational church whatever.
We do not see any good reason wliy it should he
granted. If such a favor is conceded to the Callio-
licH it ought to be conceded to the Presbyterians,
the Methodists, or any other denomination tliat
asks Cor it. It is a dangerous innovation, and
ought to be prevented. Let there be a general
protest against this movement, not because it is
Catholic, but because it is sectarian. Denomiua-
tional favoritism is forbidden to the Government
of the United States."
THE FRIEND.
PXEVENTH MONTH 28, 1896.
In the life of that worthy elder, Joseph Pike,
of Cork, edited by the late John Barclay, the
editor introduces some paragraphs concerning
George Keith, of whom he says :
" On his mind becoming imbued with disaf-
fection towards Friends, the first occasion he
took against them in point of doctrine was this:
That they did not sufficiently preach Christ's
outward or personal appearance, sufferings and
death, etc. Indeed, he represented that these
important truths were suffered to go into ob-
livion, were even dead and buried among the
Quakers, and that he was raised up to be an in-
strument in the hands of the Almighty, by
whom, in a heavenly vision, he had been ex-
pressly instructed to revive and proclaim these
ancient fundamental truths. Well mightThomas
Ellwood exclaim, 'Judge, now, what a con-
ceited opinion this man hath of himself, and
what evil thoughts he hath let in concerning
Friends, that he could let fly a slander which
aflfects not only all our ministering Friends, but
even the body of Friends in general. That
suggestion,' continues he, 'is as false as it is
foul ! For these great and weighty doctrines,
not only always since we were a people, have
been, but still are, at this day owned, received,
believed, confessed to and acknowledged by the
body of Friends, and declared and set forth in
our public meetings, in the openings of the Di-
vine Life and in the movings, guidance and di-
rections of the Holy Spirit.'
And John Whiting gives a similar testimony
as follow^s, " For my part, I will freely declare
(having been conversant among the Quakers
from ray childhood, and can remember longer
ago than George Keith was a Quaker, and have
had intimate acquaintance with many of the
most eminent among them for many years, and
heard their declarations and read more of their
books than ever George Keith saw, perhaps),
that I never heard or found that they did in
the least slight or undervalue Christ's coming
or suffering in the flesh, or the fruit and bene-
fit of it in order to salvtaion ; but only that
people had made the historical belief of the out-
ward transactions of it all their faith that they
counted necessary to salvation, and had neg-
lected the inward work of it. Therefore were
they raised up of the Lord to turn people's
minds to the measure of Christ's Spirit in them-
selves, that thereby they might come to know
and partake of the benefits of it."
And Ellwood also makes a similar observa-
tion, to this import, " That the apostacy in the
early ages of the Christian Church was rather
152
THE FRIEND.
from the inward life and power of godliness
than from an acknowledgment of the outward
appearance and work of Christ in the flesh ; in-
somuch that, while the latter doctrines con-
tinued, from age to age, to be admitted and
preached among ever_v sect of professed Chris-
tians, the doctrines relative to the manifestation
of Christ by his Spirit in the heart were gene-
rally departed from, lost and forgotten. There-
fore," continues he, "when it pleased God to
raise up and send forth a true (lospel ministry
again, in this latter age of the world, to restore
Christianity and to gather out of the many pro-
fessions a peculiar people to himself, it was
agreeable to the Divine wisdom to bring to
light that which had been hidden, to restore to
the nation that which had been lost, to turn
people to that which they were most ignorant
of and strangers to, rather than that which they
professed to know before and had been all along
trained up in."
It is a satisfaction to the editor of The Friend
to revive these ancient testimonies to the sound
and well-balanced character of the doctrines
held by Friends in the beginning (and which
might "be greatly enlarged), because, in some
parts of professing Christendom there is a ten-
dency to undervalue the importance of sound
doctrines and to speak slightingly of them as
dry, dogmatic assertions. We remember hear-
ing that worthy minister, Eilwood Dean, of
Ohio, in a sermon accompanied by the flowings
of Divine life, point out the fact that, although
one who had been convicted of sin and repented,
should thereafter live a blameless life, yet he
needed forgiveness for past sins, and this must
be experienced through the atoning grace of
our Lord and Saviour Jesus Chri.-t.
It is unsafe to rely on the strength of our own
intellect in religious matters, in which the only
safe guide is the Spirit of Christ, which must
be followed and obeyed with the simplicity of a
little child.
SUM MARY *0F EVENTS.
UxiTED States.— The President has i>tue(] a proc-
readjustiiig houndaries of land reservations
in .\laska, which were found to encroach upon lands
belonging to the Greek Church, in contravention of
Kiissia's cession of Alaska.
The official vole of Ohio is as follows, McKinley,
527,94.5; Brvan, 47.5,99-5; Bryan, Populist, 2,0-52;
Levering, 5,060; Bentley, 2,778; Palmer, 1,831 ; Mat-
chett, Socialist, ),16-5.
The official vote of Kansas is, Brvan, 171,810 ; Mc-
Kinley, 1.59,.541; Levering, 1,721 ; Middle-of-the-road
Populist, 1,232; Palmer, 1,209; Bentley, 630.
Complete official returns in South Dakota, show that
the fusionisis captured most of the State officers and
the Electors by small pluralities. The Republicans
elected three State officers.
Full returns in Wyoming, hut with three counties
unofficial, received by the Democratic Slate C<immit-
tee, give all three Democratic Electors small plurali-
ties. The Republicans will control the Legislature
in both branches.
The Philadelphia and Reading Railway Company,
the successor of the Philadelphia and Reading Rail-
road Company, has been organized with Joseph S. Har-
ris as President. Under the new arrangements Read-
ing ailairs will go on in practically the same hands.
A long distance telephone is now operated from
Boston to St. Loui.s, a distance of 1400 miles.
Bank clearances in the principal cities of the conn-
try were extraordinarily large last week, and the New
York Bank tMearing House is.sued a statement unpre-
cedented in its changes, showing the enormous release
of hoarded money since the election. On Tenth Mo.
17lh, two weeks before the election, twenty of the New
Y'ork banks held less than the legal twenty-five per
cent, reserve. Today there are but three under the
limit. Since then the binks have gained $17,039,000
specie, and J6,i;0-5,600 legal ten<lers. Their deposits
have increased |>22,600,100. Most of the gain was
made last week. Deposits increased $21,937,800,
legal tenders S7,079.600 and specie §4,206, .500. Loans
gained $9,-5-53,400. The surplus reserve increased $5,-
801,650 to $29,305,576. These changes are almost un-
precedented in the history of the Clearing House. Just
before the election call loans were 97 per cent, while
mercantile paper was unsalable and time money ex-
ceedingly difficult to get. Now call loans are 2i a 3
per cent'. Time money is easily obtained at 4 a 5 per
cent, for the different material, and commercial paper
is in excellent demand.
A Detroit firm, on the 21st inst., received an order
for 2000 tons of charcoal pig iron for Budapest, Hun-
gary. The iron is required for the manufacture of
carwheels and the order" is the largest ever received
for export by any American firm."
A Seattle depatch says that "Owing to the crippled
condition of the Great Northern and Everett and
Monte Cristo Railroads there is liable to be a serious
food famine in towns in the Cascade flooded district."
Lumbermen of Seattle say that, as a result of the re-
cent flood, 90 per cent, of the shingle bolts cut in north-
western Washington were swept down the various
rivers and out to tea, and that from 3,000,000 to 5,-
000,000 feet of logs were driven through the booms
and lost.
The Southern Pacific Railroad's steamer, San Beni-
to, from Tacoma for San Francisco, was driven ashore
on the morning of the 22nd, two miles north of Point
.\rena, on the California coast. Five of the crew were
drowned and ten were picked up by the steamer Point
Arena. Early the next murning twenty-seven men
were rescued by the steamer Wrott, after they had
been clinging to the rigging of the wrecked steamer
23 hours.
Deaths in this city last week numbered 374, which
is 10 less than the previous week and 16 less than
the corresponding week of 189-5. Of the whole number
190 were n)ales and 184 females: 45 died of consump-
tion; 42 of heart disease; 34 of pneumonia; 17 of
diphtheria; 14 of nephritis; 14 of apoplexy; 14 of
croup; 13 of old age; 13 of typhoid fever; 13 of
bronchitis; 11 of inflammation of the stomach and
bowels ; 10 of convulsions, and 9 of marasmus.
Markets, &c — U. S. 2's, 95 a 97 ; 4's, 109.V a 110; new
4's, 119J a 120; 5's, 112^ a 113; currency 6's, lOl-V a
106.
Cotton. — Demand from spinners was light, but the
market ruled steady on a basis of 7;^c. per pound for
middling uplands.
Feed.— Winter bran in bulk, quoted $10.00 a?10.50
and spring do., in sacks, at $9.75 a $10.50 per ton.
Flocr.— Winter super, $2.80 a $3.10; do., extras,
$3.18aS3.30; Pennsvlvania roller, clear, $4.10 a $4 30;
do., do., straight. $4.40 a $4.60 ; Western winter, clear,
$4.10 a $4.30; do., do., straight, $4.40 a $4.60; do.,
do., patent. $4.70 a $4.90 ; spring, clear, $3.75 a $4.15 ;
straight, $4.25 a $4.50 : do., do., patent, $4.60 a $4.75 ;
do., favorite brands, higher. City mills, extra, $3.15
a $3.40; do., clear, $4.15 a $4.40; do., straight, $4.50
a $4.75 ; do., patent, $4.80 a $5.00. Rye Flour.—
$2.75 per bbl. for choice Pennsvlvania. Buckwheat
Flour.- $1.45 a $1.60 per 100 pounds for good to
choice, new.
Grain.— No. 2 red wheat, 87 a 87Jc.
No. 2 mixed corn, 28^ a 28^c.
No. 2 white oats, 24 a 24Jc.'
Beep Cattle. — Extra, 4| a 5c.;''gooJ, 4J a 4|c.;
medium, 4J a 4|c.; common, 3| a 4Jc.
Sheep and Lambs. — Extra, 3J a 4c.; good, 3J a 3Jc.;
medium, 2J a 3c.; common, 2} a 2^c; culls, 1^ a 2c.;
lambs, 3} a 5Jc.
Hogs. — 5J a SJc. for good Western, 5 a 5Jc. for
others, and 4 a 4Jc. for State.
Foreign. — Sir Benjimiu Ward Richardson, M. D.,
the celebrated English physician and author of hygi-
enic works, died in London on the 21st instant, from
apoplexy, with which he was stricken on the 18th,
and from which he never rallied. He was sixty-eight
years of age.
During the last twenty-five years the import of
wheat into Great Britain has increased by 152 per
cent., while the quantity of home-grown wheat has
diminished by 45 per cent.
The London water supply question will be dealt
with in Parliament in a bill drafted by Baron James
of Hereford, and promoted by the London County
Council. The Government has its hands full of con-
tentious measures, and will not oppose or suppoit in-
terference with the gigantic vested interests which the
bill involves. All England and Wales, from Liver-
pool southward, is nearly or remotely concerned in
the County Council scheme. No mere bill can settle
plans dealing with the supply of water, not to London
alone, with its millions of' population, but to the
millions outside. It is understood that after the bil
has been debated a special commission will be ap
pointed to report on the County Council scheme anc
other proposals. No definite conclusion can be ex
pected within several years.
The new Spanish loan has been subscribed for t<
the amount of 579,000,000 pesetas, though only 250,
000,000 pesetas were required. A peseta is 20 cents.
Captain General Wevler arrived in Havana on th(
evening of the 23rd instant from Pinar del Rio. Hi;
return has caused much comment.
The insurrection in the Philippines is extending t(
all the provinces. Extensive precautions are bein;
taken at Porto Rico to prevent surprises by filibuster:
in the event of the news from Cuba and the Philip
pines being of such a character as to encourage a ris
ing of the islanders.
Advices have reached Kingston, Jamaica, fron
Port de France, capital of the island of Martinique, ti
the efliect that very heavy rains that have iallei
throughout the island, have caused all the streams ti|
overflow their banks, and that immense damage ha;
been done to property. A number of persons in this
interior, all of whom are believed to have been nei
groes, have been drowned.
It is officially announced that a treaty between Italy
and Brazil has been signed.
The jute trade of India is of the annual value o
$50,000 000. There are about 2,000,000 acres unde:
cultivation.
The railways of Japan transported 37,000,000 pas
sengers in 1895.
Victoria Methodists have voted— 15,000 to 2-500^
for the almalgamation of all the Australian Metho
dists into one body.
A St. John's despatch says that a British syndicati
is arranging for the purchase of the petroleum depos ;
its on tfie west coast of Newfoundland. "Boring;
which have been made show a flow of rich oil, yield ^
ing 54 per cent, lubricating oil and 43 per cent, foi
illuminating purposes.
When the trans Siberian railway is completed i
will be possible to travel around the world in less thai
forty days.
NOTICES.
Westtown Boarding School. — Applications fo
the admission of pupils to the school, and letters ii
regard to instruction and discipline should be ad
dressed to William F. Wickersham, Pri-ncipal. ,
Payments on account of board and tuition, am
communications in regard to business should be for
warded to Edward G. Smedley, Superintendent.
Address, Westtown P. O., Chester Co., Pa.
Westtown Boarding School. — For convenienc
of persons coming to Westtown School, the stage wil
meet trains leaving Philadelphia 7.17 and 8.46 A. M.
and 2.53 and 4.32 P. M. Other trains are met whei
requested. Stage fare on regular trips, fifteen cent.'
on special trips, twenty-five cents each way. To read,
the school by telegraph, wire West Chester Phone 85
Edward G. Smedley, Sup't. [
By appointment of Concord Quarterly Meeting ;
meeting for worship for its young and middle-age;'
members is proposed to be held in Media on the af-
ternoon of First-day, the sixth of Twelfth Month
1896, at two o'clock.
A young woman Friend desires a situation as ai
bsistant in household duties.
Address" M," 109 N. Cluu-ch St., West Chester, Pa,
Married, on the twenty-third of Tenth Month
1896, at Friends' Meeting-house at Winona, Colum
biana County, Ohio, Daniel I). Test, son of Zaccheu
and Drusilla Test, the latter deceased, and Mary C
Brantingham, daughter of Alfred and Ann Branting
ham.
— ; — , Eleventh Month 19ih, 1896, at Friends
Meeting-house, Moorestown, N. J., Henry W. Leeds
of .\llantic City, and Lydia M. Roberts, of Moorcs
town.
Died, at his residence near Rivertim, N. J., FiftI
Month 16th, ISsO, J. Gardiner Taylor, in the sev
cntythird year of his age; a beloved member o
Westfield Preparative Meeting. We believe it raa;
truly be said of him, " Blessed are the pure in heart
for they shall see God."
WILLIAM H. PILE'S SONS, PRINTERS,
No. 422 Walnut Street.
THE FRIEND.
A Religious and Literary Journal.
VOL. LXX.
SEVENTH-DAY, TWELFTH MONTH 5, 1896.
No. 20.
PUBLISHED WEEKLY.
Price, if paid in advance, $2.00 per annum.
Bubscriptiona, payments and business commi
received by
Edwin P. Sellew, Publisher,
No. 207 Walnut Place,
iS lath from Walnut Street, between Third and Fourth,)
PHILADELPHIA.
Articles designed for insertion to be addressed to
JOSEPH WALTON,
MooRESTowN, Burlington Co., N. J.
Entered as second-class matter at Philadelphia P. O.
Diary and Letters of Deborah Brooks Webb.
I (Continued from pase liH.
1864.— Sixth Mouth 2fith.— How I fee! that
[ love, thee. Oh, Lord. Oh, thou art worthy of
he adoration of ray whole being. Thou for-
;ivest all ray iniquities and transgressions, for
[ have had to repent ray want of faithfulness
his day. How merciful thou art? I renew
uy covenant with thee, to serve thee more con-
inually. Oh, bless me. Lord, I beseech thee.
Seventh Month 3rd. — Thou saidst to rae, oh
Lord, "commit thy way unto the Lord, trust
ilso in Him, and He shall bring it to pass." I
lid tr}' and thou didst help me. Like as a
father pitieth his children, so thou didst pity
me in my conflicts to-day and through the
week. Oh, be with me in my journey, and pre-
serve me from all evil. Keep me prayerful.
The following letter of encouragement was
received about this time by her from our late
jsteemed friend, Samuel F. Balderston, in rela-
iion to her appearance in the ministry.
; " Seventh Month 12th, 1S64.
"My dear friend, Deborah Brooks: — Very
:hankful do I feel, more than I can express, on
thy account, forasmuch as thou hast found
strength to give up to the call of Hira, who has
1 right to our best service and is worthy of all
we can ofl'er unto Him, for all we have or can
have, is all his own.
"I do desire thy encouragement in every
good work, and my heart is filled with grati-
tude, that several mouths have been opened of
late in our meeting. My prayer has been, that
the Great Lord of the Vineyard would raise up
and send forth into his garden both servants
and handmaidens to labor for the advancement
of truth and righteousness in the earth, and
amongst us as a people.
"Let us look singly unto Him, who is all-
sufficient for us, whose power is over every
uther power, and whose promise is sure, ' I will
never leave thee nor forsake thee,' dear friend,
'It is better to trust in the Lord than to put
confidence in princes.' My soul longs for better
times amongst us, when the Lord shall arise
and have mercy upon Zion ; when his Divine
presence and power shall be more known iu
our assemblies, and his name exalted above
every name, and also when Divine love and
godly zeal shall take the place of that indid'er-
ence and lukewarmness which is displeasing in
the sight of Him, who demands the surrender
of the whole heart.
"May it please Him to arise for his great
name's sake, and for his dear Son's sake, and
for Zion's sake, and cause this wilderness to be-
come like Eden again, and this desert like the
garden of the Lord,' that joy and gladness may
again be found amongst us, thanksgiving and
the voice of melody.'
" LTnder feelings of near Christian sympathy
with thee and unity of spirit, I am sincerely
and affectionately thy friend and fellow pilgrim,
" S. F. Balderstox."
D. B. spent her vacation in the summer of
1864 in New England, and writes to L. H. B. :
" Boston, Seventh Month 2Stb, 1864.
" Time passes away so quickly, and I find it
so difficult to seize quiet opportunities amidst all
the company and sight-seeings incident to home
visits of this kind, that letter-writing, except
those to tell of intended visits, seeius sometimes
almost out of the question. This must be my
excuse to thee, for not hearing earlier from me.
I wanted to sit right down after receiving thy
last kind messenger, and say how relieving it
was, but time would not permit. How nice it
would be if some of my present enjoyments
could be shared with thee. Two weeks ago
to-day I left Philadelphia for Newark, and re-
mained with sister Sarah one night, then took
the Sound boat to Groton about five o'clock
the next afternoon. That part of Long Island
Sound between Long Island and New York is
called the East River, and it was delightful
sailing on it, that evening. I never enjoyed a
ride so much. The water, just as formed by his
hand, underneath, the calm sky above, the beau-
tiful banks each side, covered with objects of
interest, and we floating in such a palace, the
genius of those who devised it having also been
bestowed by the same Bountiful Hand.
'■ It seemed as thcmgh we were surrounded
by his living presence, perhaps that gave all
the charm to me. What is worth so much as
his love, good presence and countenance in this
world ? Is not that why thou loves the country
so much? How much more delightful it is to
be able to see the Divine Hand in all. Luther
could say, 'All is thine, and we are thine.'
" We got in our berths again about nine
o'clock, rose again near one and took the cars
for Providence. Brother Stephen met me about
four, and conducted me to his home, where I
got a good nap and felt better, having been
sick some, on the cars. The change of water
almost always afiects me at first, being a little
impregnated with sea-salt, I suppose. What a
pleasant visit with kind and attentive kindred
I had there. One day I went to bathe in ' old
Ocean ' at Newport, and enjoyed those fine
breakers highly ; another, we dined on a ' clam
bake ' and chowder by the Narragansett Bay.
" Last week, on Sixth-day, I came to my
darling sister S's. Her son is still at home on
account of his wounds, but must go back soon.
Another son went to the Gulf, itut we fear has
been lost. C(jnie and see me, when I get back,
for it seems impossible to tell all.
" The laat two pages of this letter are l)eing
written, on the twenty-first, at my niece's, at
Somerville, near Boston, where her husband
has bought a nice home. How I would like to
introduce you to each other. She is so gentle
and lovable. Yesterday and to-day have been
such busy days. They want to show their
curiosities, and I am just as glad to see most of
them. We went to the Natural History Rooms,
a public school in the morning, and in the af-
ternoon to the Boston Museura. This is well
worth seeing, so do visit it whenever this way.
Everything is so nicely marked. I never could
believe there was anything like a mermaid be-
fore, but there were two — a kind of fish about
two feet high, with a head resembling a mon-
key, found in or near Japan.
"This morning we had a delightful walk
amidst beautiful scenery beyond Charlestown.
The country is so dry, it has rained scarcely
any for nine weeks here, and the air seems
filled with fine dust. We went to Charlestown
this afternoon, visited the prison and walked
around Bunker Hill Monument. I hardly ex-
pected ever to see this place, but it seemed all
right to go, and I guess it was not wrong. To-
morrow we intend to see a public school exam-
ination, and the next morning go down to
'Sandwich,' so it will probably continue for two
weeks more, then it will be our turn to en-
tertain company. But dearest Laura, thou wilt
rejoice for me, that I feel so calm and happy.
It seems to me sometimes that I feel the dew of
heaven on my spirit, and the passage, ' I will
be as the dew unto Israel,' came so sweetly to-
night. I hope thou hast much peace in quiet
[latieuce and trust. My dear aged aunt. Avis
Keen, at Lynn, a minister for many years, said
last Seventh-day, ' that once in early life, being
very anxious, she heard a voice say, ' Trust
more and toil less.' Trust in the Lord, with all
thy heart, and lean not to thy own understand-
ing.' "
"Providence, Eighth Month 4th, 1864.
"Beared L — . . . My dear friend, if this
belief did not pervade my mind, that our friend-
ship was as firm as though tried by fire and
water, I should be much troubled at this long
delay. The original of these words, or the
former copy, was given according to date to
Anna's husband to mail for me, and he being
in a hurry in the morning concluded to wait
until noon before dropping it in the box, and
hung up his coat in the ofl^ce. In the course of
an hour the building caught fire and he barely
escaped with his life. A piece of the coat was
taken from the water in the cellar, and this
letter found in the pocket. My first impulse
was to send the first, but the smell of fire had
passed upon it. The fire turned the red post-
stamp black. It is quite a curiosity. Excuse
my copying instead of writing anew, for being
storm-staid here there seemed a little chance to
copy, but not compose. Lysander's loss was
154
THE FRIEND.
Twelfth Mo. 5, 1896
over one thousand dollars, besides a three hun-
dred dollar watch, etc. The thiik hunting-case
was recovered, but the inner works were ruined.
"Sandwich and Scituate have since been vis-
ited with much pleasure, and now I am home-
ward bound. . . Thine truly, D. B."
(To be continued.)
For "The Fkiehd."
Cain Quarterly Meeting.
On the twelfth of Eleventh Month I went to
Cain to attend the Quarterly Meeting, held in
the old stone house at Cain, on the brow of the
North Valley Hill, overlooking the great Chester
County limestone valley.
The journey from Philadelphia to this spot
is an interesting one geologically. After ])ass-
ing through the gneiss rocks about Philadel-
phia, the railroad gradually approaches the
valley, and for a number of miles kteps on the
ridge of hydromica shales which border it on
the south, and which as we go westward greatly
widens. This rock is a peculiar one, very slaty
in structure, comparatively soft and having a
greasy feeling, like talc. Probably from tfiis
character it was formerly called Talc Slate.
The soil it makes is less fertile than that derived
from the decomposition of the Gneiss rock,
which ccintaiiis feldspar, but it readily responds
to the efforts of the farmer, and produces good
crops when manured.
As the road approaches Downingtown it
gradually descends into the valley, and we find
there a heavy bed of limestone rock, which ex-
tends westward into Lancaster County and east-
ward to and beyond the Schuylkill River. This
valley is believed to have been in former ages
occupied by an arm of the sea, and the lime-
stone to have been formed by the deposition of
corals and shells, ground up by the action of
the waves and afterwards consolidated into rock
by pressure, heat and other forces which have
made such wonderful changes in the earth's
surface. These calcareous materials must have
been deposited in horizontal beds, but now the
layers of rock are steeply inclined, a clear in-
dication of the stupendous forces which have
operated in this region.
At Downingtown we were met by a kind
friend, who .seems to consider it a part of his
life work to wait upon Friends.
The Ridge which bounds Chester Valley on
the north— North Valley Hill— rises quite ab-
ruptly from the lower ground. Two or three
miles beyond Downingtown, a lively littlestream
— Beaver Creek— comes down through a gap in
the hill, giving the motive power in the dis-
tance of about a mile to five mills. Up this
ravine, the road climbs to the top of the hill,
and leads to the beautifully situated meeting-
house. The rock of the North Valley Hill is a
Primal Sandstone. After meeting, we dined at
the house of a friend, situated at the foot of the
hill, where Beaver Creek emerges from the ra-
vine. In the yard were some large flag-stones,
probably taken from the hillside. Penetrating
these were some branching crystals of black
Tourmaline. The composition of the mineral
is principally of sile.x, alumina and oxide of
iron. These ingredients were doubtless pres-
ent in the material out of which the sandstone
was formed, and a portion of them was dissolved
in the heated water which at one time permeated
the mass, and from this solution they were crys-
tallized in the form in which we now see them.
One of the company who dined here was a
Friend from North Carolina, and the conversa-
tioD not unnaturally turned somewhat on the
trials which Friends in that State endured dur-
ing the late civil war. Among the incidents
related was the fidlowing:
Friends generally were opposed to the seces-
sion movement, but besides that, their peace
principles would not allow them to join the
army. The Confederate drafts were enforced with
unrelenting strictness, and thus many Friends
were brought into much suffering. On one oc-
casion a woman Friend who was in delicate
health called her young family together and
told them that she expected her husband would
be taken in the next draft, and she did not think
that she could survive the shock, and they
would be left without father or mother. One of
the children, about five or six years old, was
deeply aflected, and, when alone, prayed ear-
nestly to his Father in heaven that his earthly
father might be spared. Some of the neighbors
had determined that the Quaker should be
drafted, and especial care was taken that his
name should be put into the box from which
the drafted names were to be drawn. But the
prayer of his child was answered, and his name
remained untouched.
At one time some Confederate troops came
into the neighborhood of Friends' settlements,
and arrested five Union men who had acted as
pilots in facilitating the escape of some Union
men to the Chowan River, which was then the
boundary line, in those parts, between the por-
tions of the State under the control of the Union
and Confederate forces. The prisoners were to
be marched to the Chowan River, and then put
to death. As the party approached Winston, a
Union gun-boat coming up the river fired some
shells over the town, which so alarmed the com-
n)ander that he ordered his command to disband
and each one to take care of himself. The five
prisoners at once made their way to the wharf,
and were received in safety on the Union ves-
sel.
The war was unpopular in many parts of
North Carolina, and of those who were con-
scripted many deserted from the ranks. After
some unsuccessful efforts to capture them, the
Confederate officials seized the wives of the de-
serting men and carried them to camp, and as
there was no one left at home to cook and care
for the children, many of the men surrendered
themselves, and thus obtained the release of
their wives.
During the Revolutionary War the approach
of the British army caused much fear among the
farmers of Chester Valley. The mistressof one
of the households gathered up her silverware
and gave it to a German boy in her employ-
ment, with instructions to hide it safely. Some
months after, when the alarm had subsided, the
boy was questioned as to what had become of
the silver, and he produced it from under a flat
stone in the bottom of Beaver Creek, where it
had been hidden.
On the side of the turnpike road leading
westward from Downingtown stands a stone,
with the inscription, " 1 M. to T.," meaning one
mile to Downingtown. The stone-cutter misun-
derstood the order, and it is said all the stones
on the road, which leads to Harrisburg, have
" T" instead of " D," owing to the German pro-
nunciation. J. W.
"Sweet is the answer of a good conscience.
He who pays his whole-hearted homage to truth
and duty is not without his solace and enjoy-
ment when to the eyes of others he seems the
most lonely and m\seia.h\e."—TheScoUkhEe-
fonners.
The Grand Canyon of the Colorado River.
BY BISHOP WARREN.
Before me lies a thin bit of red rock, rippled
as delicately as a woman's hair, bearing marks ■
of raindrops, that came fiom the South. It was '
once soil clay. It was laid down close to the i
igneous Archiean rocks when mother earth wasi
in her girlhood and water first began to flow.
More clay flowed over, and it was hardened
into rock. Many strata, variously colored and
composed, were deposited, till our bit of beauty
was buried thousands of feet deep. The strata
were tilted variously and abraded wondrously,
for our earth has been treated very much as
the fair-armed bread-maker treats the lump of
dough she doubles and kneads on the molding
board. Other rocks of a much harder nature,
composed in part of the shells of inexpressible i
multitudes of ocean's infusoria, were laid down I
from the superincumbent sea. Still the delicate •
ripple marks were preserved. Nature's vast
library was being formed, and on this scrap oi
a leaf not a letter was lost.
Beside this stone now lies another of the pur-
est white. It once flowed as water impregnated
with lime, and clung to the lower side of a rock
now as high above the sea as many a famous
mountain. The water gradually evaporated,
and the lime hung like tiny drops. Between
the two stones now so near together was once a,
distance of more than a mile of impenetrable
rock. How did they ever get together? Let
us see.
After the rock making, this vast plain was
lifted seven thousand feet above the sea and
rimmed round with mountains. Perhaps in be-
ing afterward volcanically tossed in one of this 1
old world's spasms, an irregular crack ripped j
its way along a few hundred miles. Into this i
crack rushed a great river, perhaps an inland
ocean or vast Lake Superior, of which Salt Lake ;
may be a little remnant puddle, and proceedec '
to pulverize, dissolve, and carry away these six
thousand feet of rock between the two stones
There was fall enough to make forty Niagaras
I was once where a deluge of rain had fallei
a few days before in a mountain valley. I
tore loose some huge rocks and plunged dowi
a precipice of one thousand feet. The rock a
the bottom was crushed under the frighti'ii
weight of the tumbling superincumbent mass
and every few minutes the top became the but
torn. In one hour millions of tons of rock wen
crushed to pebbles and spread for miles ove
the plain, filling up a whole village to the rooi
of the houses. I knew three villages utterly
destroyed by a rush of water only ten feet deej)
Water and gravitation make a frightful plow
Here some prehistoric Mississippi turned iti j
mighty furrows.
The Colorado River is one of our great rivers |
It is over two thousand miles long, reaches fron
near our northern to beyond our southern boi
der, and drains three hundred thousand square
miles of the west side of the Rocky Mountain-
Great as it remains, it is a mere thread to wba
it once was. It is easy to see that there wen
several epochs of work. Suppose the first oni i
took off the upper limestone rock to the deptl 1
of several thousand feet. This cutting is of va |
rious widths. Just here it is eighteen mile
wide. But as such rocks are of varying hard
ness, there are many promontories that distinct
ly project out, say, half a mile from the genera
rim line, and rising in the centre are variou
Catskills and Holyokes, with defiantly parpen
dicular sides, that persisted in resisting lb
'welfch Mn, 5, 1896
THE FRIEND.
155
liglity rush of waters. Their foundations were
lit away by the mighty flood, and occasionally
le side.-i thundered into the chasm, leaving the
all positively perpendicular.
We may now sujipose the ocean waters near-
,' exhausted and only the mighty rivers that
ad made that ocean left to flow. Indeed, the
sing Sierras of some range unknown at the
resent may have shut ofl' whole oceans of rain,
'he rivers that remained began to cut a much
arrower channel into the softer sand and clay
■jck below. From the great mountain rimmed
lateau rivers poured in at the sides, cutting
iteral canyons down to the central flow. Be-
,veen these stand the little Holyokes aforesaid,
ith greatly narrowed base. Then I go down
ith most reverent awe and pick a little ripple-
■iin-marked leaf out of its place in the book of
ature, a veritable table of stone written by the
iiger of God, and bring it up and lay it along-
de of one formed eons after at the top. They
oth be brothers formed by the same forces and
)r the same end.
Standing by this stupendous work of nature
ay after day I try to stretch ray mind to some
irge computation of the work done. A whole
ay is taken to go down the gorge to the river.
t takes seven miles of zigzag trail, sometimes
:'ightfully steep, along shelves not over two
;et wide, under rock thousands of feet above
nd going down thousands of feet below, to get
own that perpendicular mile. It was an im-
jense day's work.
There was the river, a regular freight train,
unning day and night, the track unincum-
ered with returning cars (they were returned
;y the elevated road of the upper air, burdened
j-ith dissolved rock and earth. A slip into this
iver scarcely seemed to wet the foot ; it seemed
ather to coat it thickly with mud rescued from
-s plunge toward the sea. What unimaginable
imounts the larger river must have carried in
mcounted ages. In the short time the Missis-
ppi has been at work it has built out the laud
,t its mouth one hundred miles into the Gulf.
; In the side canyon down which we worked
lur sublime and toilful way it was easy to see
le work done. Sometimes the fierce torrent
rould pile the canyon bottom with every va-
iety of stone from the whole mile deep into one
Vemendous heap of conglomerate. The next
nsh of waters would tear a channel through
tiis and pour millions of tons into the main
iver. For years Boston toiled in feeble imita-
on of Milton's angels to bring the Milton Hills
ato the Back Bay and South Boston Flats,
ioston made more land than the city original-
7 contained, but it did not move a teaspoonful
ompared with these excavations. The day
/as full of perceptions of the grandeur of vast
ock masses never before suggested, except by
he mighty mass of the Matterhorn seen close
-y from its Hernli shoulder.
The section traversed that day seemed like a
lighty canyon full of vast sublimities while
le were in it, but the next day, seen from the
im as a part of the mighty whole, it appeared
ittle indeed. One gets new meanings of the
'ords almighty, eternity, infinity, in the pre-
ence of things done that seem to require them
In 1869 Mayor J. W. Powell attempted to
lass down this tumultuous river aided by nine
aen, and with four boats specially constructed
or the purpose. In ninety-eight days he had
aade one thousand miles, much of it in extrem-
st peril. There was no possibility of climbing
0 the plateau above for weeks at a time.
Any great scene in nature is like the woman
you fall in love with at first sight for some pose
of head, queenly carriage, auroral blush of color,
penetrative music of voice, or a glance of soul
through its illumined windows. You do not
know much about her, but in long years iieroic
endurance of trials, in the great dignity (if moth-
erhood, in the unspeakable conif jrts, and in the
supernal and ineffable beauty and loveliness
that covers it all, you find a richness and worth
of which the most ardent lover never dreamed.
The first sight of the canyon often brings strong
men to their knees in awe and adoration. The
gorge at Niagara is one hundred and fifty feet
deep; that is far short of six thousand six hun-
dred and forty. Great is the first impression,
but in the longer and closer acquaintance every
sense of beauty is flooded to the utmost. I was
out before "jocund day stood tiptoe on the breezy
mountain tops."
I have seen many sunrises in this world and
one other. I have watched the moon slowly
rolling its deep valleys for weeks into the sun-
light. I knew what to expect. But nature
always surpasses expectations. The sinuosities
of the rim sent back their various colors. A
hundred domes and spires, wind sculptured and
water sculptured, reached up like Memnon to
catch the first light of the sun, and seemed to
me to break out into Memnoiiian music. As
the world rolled, the steady light penetrated
deeper, shadows diminished, light spaces broad-
ened and multiplied till it seemed as if a new
creation were veritably going forward, and a
new " Let there be light" had been uttered. I
had seen it for the first time the night before in
the mellow light of a nearly full moon, but the
sunlight, really seemed to make, in respect to
breadth, depth, and definiteness, a new creation.
One peculiar effect I never noticed elsewhere.
It is well known that the blue sky is not blue
and that there is no sky. Blue is the color of
the atmosphere, and when seen in the miles
deep overhead, or condensed in a jar, it shows
its own true color. So, looking into this incon-
ceivable canyon, the true color came out most
beauteously. There was a background of red
and yellowish rocks. These made the cold blue
blush with warm color. The sapphire was
backed with sardonyx, and the bluish white of
the chalcedony was half pellucid to the gold
chrysolite behind it.
One great purpose of this world is its use as
significant symbol and hint of the world to come.
The communication of ideas and feelings there
is not by slow, clumsy speech, often misunder-
stood, originally made to express low physical
wants, but it is by panorama, charade, and par-
able, making things and relations of earth as
hintful of greater things as a bit of float ore in
the plains is suggestive of boundless mines in
the upper hills, and as the joy of fiuding one
lost lamb in the wilderness tells of the joy of
finding and saving a human soul. One never
goes to any of God's great wonders to see sights,
but to live life.
The old Hebrew prophets and poets saw God
everywhere in nature. The floods clap their
hands and the hills are joyful together before
the Lord. Miss Proctor, in the Yosemite, caught
the same lofty spirit, and sang:
" Perpetual masses here intone,
Uncoiinleil censers swing,
A psalm on every breeze is blown ;
The echoing peaks from thmne to throne
Greet ihe imiwelling King;
The Lord, the Lord is everywhere,
And seraph-tongued are earth and air."
Christian Advocate.
The Bakers' Just Grievance.
There occurred in The Friend of Seventh
Month 2(nh, 1895, brief reference to a public
com|)laini made by journeymen bakers and
confectioners of Philadelphia, against the de-
mand for the serving of fresh bread and pastry,
and of ices, on the First-day of the week. The
grievance of these unjustly- worked men has not
been forgotten. The Woman's Health Protec-
tive Association having had their sympathies
enlisted in the matter, have recently, by a com-
mittee which had been appointed, made report
of their investigation to a conference to which
had been invited representatives of ministers'
meetings, delegates from labor unions, proprie-
tors of bakeries, and representatives of the jour-
neymen bakers.
This report, as commented on by Charles
Roads, an earnest, sympathetic Methoilist min-
ister, who was present, "showed," he says, " a
condition of things in our city, and which ex-
isted in all large cities more or less, that is really
incredible for shocking, filthy degradation, un-
healthiness, and petty but intolerable tyrannies
over work [jeople. What do you think of bake-
shops with pet dogs, cats, birds, mice,cockroaches
and other vermin abounding everywhere? With
beds in the same room fur the men who are
compelled to labor seven days in the week and
from fourteen to eighteen hours a day? Places
were described where the room was hardly ever
scrubbed or washed, and men who seldom found
time to wear any other clothes than the light
garments comfortable in the close and hot un-
derground bakeries."
Not only the sanitary aspect of the subject
was discussed, but the personal degradation
consequent upon such conditions of daily toil,
with the ethical question of no First-day rest
and no right observance of the day. They must
start in to work at six o'clock in the evening
of Seventh-day, and continue until about ten
o'clock on First-day morning, when their state
of exhaustion and heat is such that they are
ready to throw themselves down upon a couch,
which is not infrequently in the same room
where they have been baking. " In many cases,
however," says C. Roads, '• they go out to de-
liver the bread to customers, many of whom
are selfish and thoughtless church membere
who must have absolutely fresh bread on Sab-
bath morning, though it is gotten by the life-
blood or heathenish despoiling of fellow-men
of all religious and civilized privileges."
It is further remarked that the addresses "of
these cruelly oppressed work-people were re-
markable for good sense and moderation. Their
regard for the rights of their employers was in
striking contrast with the popular notion that
workpeople who are ' discontented' are anarchis-
tic and violent in language. They ask for the
enactment of a law which will close bake shops
and confectioneries on the Sabbath and regulate
their sanitary condition and work hours."
In four States, of which New Jersey is one,
laws have been enacted which it is hoped will
be held constitutional, and will prove practica-
ble. It is proposed to petition the legislature
of Pennsylvania for a similar statute at its com-
ing session. J. W. Leeds.
" To the reformer, in an especial manner,
comes home the truth that whoso ruleth his own
spirit is greater than he who taketh a city. Pa-
tience, hope, charity, watchfulness unto prayer,
— how needful are all these to his success!" —
The ScotUsh ReJ'ormers.
156
THE FRIEND.
Twelfth Mo. 5, 1896J
HOLY SPIRIT. LEAD THOU MB.
ItELVILLE WJNANS MILLEK.
0 Holy Spirit, leud Thou me!
Thro' Jesus blood I come to Thee,
And in His name alone I pray
That Thou wilt lead me day by day.
Except Thou art
Within my heart,
Except Thon come and lead my soul,
1 cannot reach the heavenly goal,
Kor do on earth the Father's will,
Except, dear Lord, Thou come and fill
My soul each day,
And show the way
Of safe and sure escape from sin.
The precious Christ I cannot win ;
And so I come and cry to Thee,
O Holy Spirit, lead Thou me!
O Holy Spirit, lead Thou me!
In Christ's dear name I plead with Thee,
Take Thon my trembling hand in Thine,
And lead me. Comforter divine!
Teach me Thy will,
And do Thou fill
My sonl with Thine own self each day.
That I may do as Thou shalt say.
That I may yield myself to Thee
And be as Thou woulds.t have me be.
Thou hast the power
To lead each hour —
O come, dear Lord, in all Thy might
And flood the way with heavenly light ;
Make plain my path and lead Thou me,
O Holy Spirit, lead Thou me !
0 Holy Spirit, lead Thou me!
Except each step I walk with Thee,
1 cannot keep the narrow way,
Nor yet please Thee a single day,
Be Thou my guide.
With me abide.
And lead my wayward soul until
With joy I do Thy blessed will,
Until I'love with all my h.art
To follow Thee; Thy strength impart,
Thy power bestow.
Until I know,
Beyond all doubt that Thou art near
To help me conquer every fear.
O let me thus be led by thee,
Thus, Holy Spirit, lead Thou me !
O Holy Spirit, lead Thou me !
Lead me as seemeth best to Thee ;
Take Thou my little life and choose
For me my path ; if Thou canst use
Me any way
O then I pray
That I may always hear thy call
And, hearing, faithful be in all
Thou givest me to do and be.
Help me each day to trust in Thee ;
And I beseech
Thee, Lord, to teach
The things of God to me and guide
My steps aright; yea, let me hide
Myself in Thee and ever be,
O Holy Spirit, led by Thee !
—Chrislian Advocate.
THE CARPENTER'S SON.
'Is not this the
rpenter's son ?
The query of the one, prompted by pride,
Showed what was the offence ; and slill offends.
How oft we judge amiss ! No honest toil
Should be despised ; no calling ran be mean
If it is useful. No occupation
Honorable, and properly performed.
But what may elevate. The Saviour wrought
With his reputed father at his trade —
Doubtless industriously. He was one
In all things faithful ; his every act so show'd
We fail to comprehend his dual life —
He seem'd so human, and, withal Divine
He taught by precept— by example more ;
Of whom 'twas said, " No fault was found."
R.
"I WAS dumb, I opened not my nioiith ; be-
cause thou didst it." — Ps. xxxix : 9.
A Brief Account of the Life of Daniel Barker.
Daniel Barker, son of Enoch and Elizui'eth
Barker, was born Seventh day of Tenth Month,
1803, in Randolph County, North Carolina.
He was of very delicate health in childhood,
and after he was grown he suffered a great deal
of bodily pain, having had one hip and shoul-
der put out of place, and his breast bone frac-
tured by a tree falling on him ; still he was able
to do light work, and raised a large family of
children, five boys and six girls. He was a
wheelwright by trade, also a farmer, and could
turn his Ijand to almost any kind of work.
He was married the seventeenth day of Sec-
ond Month, 1825, to Lydia Davis, who proved
to be a faithful and agreeable companion, both
in spiritual and temporal affairs, for fifty-three
years, after which she was called from works to
rewards ; she having been an Elder thirty-three
years. Daniel was always religiously inclined,
and had many Divine visitations in his youth ;
his motto being all through life, to do as he
would be done by. When he was but a small
lad he dreamed he was in a great crowd and
some one gave him a large water-melon and
a trumpet, and told him to take the mellon and
go around to all the people and blow the trum-
pet as he went, which he did, but when he fin-
ished his round his melon was gone.
That dream, I believe, was a foresight of his
work in the ministry ; the trumpet representing
his voice and the melon what he had to com-
municate, because he said his feelings when
speaking in meeting were just such as he had
while going around and blowing the trumpet.
We heard him say if there had been the en-
couragement in his young days that there was
of late years, no doubt but he would have been
preaching before he was fifteen years old. He
was of a very timid disposition, from which he
suffered a great deal in his mind ; even after
he felt that he was called to preach the Gospel,
he could not for a long time overcomesufficiently
to arise in meeting and relieve his mind of the
few words which were from time to time pre-
sented clearly to his view ; the enemy trying
all the while to make him believe that if he
did begin he would not hold out; so he let one
call after another pass without yielding, each
one causing deeper distress of mind, until he
felt that he could bear it no longer, and at last
he decided to obey if the call to speak in meet-
ing wa3 ever renewed again ; which shortly
occurred and at the same time a voice seemed
to say to him, if thou fails this time all will be
done ; so he arose and spoke the words which
were presented to him at that time, which had
a great effect on the meeting, and he felt much
peace of mind. From this time on he always
endeavored to move forward in this line as he
was led by the light and life of the Holy Spirit.
In First Month, 1843, he was acknowledged
as a minister by Holly Spring Monthly Meet-
ing, in Randolph County, N. C. His father,
after travelling as a companion with him to some
meetings which he had appointed, said to him :
" I can tell thee sometliing which, I expect,
will surprise thee; thee was exercised in thy
sleep, when thee was but a child, just like thee
is now while speaking in meeting. Thy mother
and I have listened to thee many times and we
believed then, if thee lived and kept thy place,
thee would be a preacher ;" but it surprised
him only to know that they heard him.
Second of Seventh Month, 1843, he writes as
follows, "It has rested for some time on my
mind to pen down some of my experience in
passing through many trying seasons and deep
afflictions of body and mind, having experi-
enced a considerable share of both, which I be-
lieve has been as the chastening of the Lord,
through adorable mercy, designed for the hum-
bling of my spirit, and drawing my mind into
a state of whole dependence on Him, the ever-
lasting Fountain of Light and Life; blessed
forever be his Holy Name; He has not lefl
my soul in the pit, but has often appeared to
the comfort of my poor drooping mind, deliv-
ering me as out of the mouth of the destroyer
and making a way for escape where there seemed
to be no way. Though many have been mj
backslidings and turnings aside from the tru(
path of rectitude, yet He hath still followed
me in judgments, always remembering mercy
O, may the remembrance of these things brin^
me into a more steadfast watchfulness and en-
tire resignation unto his Divine will and re
quirings, at all times and on all occasions, beinj
prepared to say in sincerity and in truth, noi
my will, but thine, O, Lord, be done."
At one time, while lying down to rest, wheth-
er awake or asleep I do not know, he appearec
to be in a room, on one side of which he sa\i
pictured a man with an awful, fierce, disagree
able looking countenance, and after inquirinj
who that was, he was told it was Satan, anr
was bid look on the other side of the room
which he did, and there he saw another pictun
with an exceedingly beautiful and lovely coun
tenanee, and told that was Jesus Christ. Thii
scene made a deep and lasting impression or
his mind, and he often spoke about seeing mori
or less of one or the other in the countenanci
of people with whom he met.
From 1841 to 1847 he was engaged much o
the time in visiting the meetings and Friend,
in North Carolina and Virginia. He then vis
ited Ohio and Indiana Yearly Meetings, ant
in 18-51 attended most, or all, the Yearly Meet
ings on this Continent. In 18.53, his wife ac
companying him, visited meetings in Canada
Iowa, Kansas and Indiana. In 18.55 he visit
ed some meetings and Friends of Indiana Yearl;
Meeting, some Indians under the care of Friends
attended the setting up of Western Yearly Meet
ing,also attended Baltimore Yearly Meeting, h
1865, visited New York and New Englanc
Yearly Meetings. In 1866, Ohio Yearly Meal
ing, and some meetings in Tennessee. In 1868
he labored amongst Friends in Philadelphi;
and Baltimore. In 1875, he again visited meet
ings and Friends in Canada, also attended In
diana. Western Iowa, Kansas, Ohio and Balti
more Yearly Meetings. In 1881, he attendei
Philadelphia Yearly Meeting, and in 1882, h
labored amongst Friends in the verge of Balti
more Yearly Meeting. He also travelled es
tensively in North Carolina after this, am
between the times of his visits to the Northeri'
and Western States, laboring earnestly for th
salvation of souls, and for the upbuilding c
the cause of Zion.
While writing sketches of his travels througi
one journey, he says, " How necessary it is fo
those who go into the work of the ministry t
watch, yea, to keep the eye to their Leader, an.
move only under his direction ; may this b
my situation at all times, giving the praise t
Him to whom alone it belongs."
For the benefit and encouragement of thos
who may-read these lines and who have the car
of children, especially mothers who are left t
train them in the way they should go, I will pe
down a portion of two of his letters written t
his family at home, which, with many other
show his great anxiety for the welfare of his chi
th Mo. 5, 1896
THE FRIEND.
157
lei), liiith spiritual and temporal, while under
lie c:'ic of their mother in his absence ; and was
quHlly euucerned when at home with tbeni, lor
ihen he would often gather them around him and
ead a portion of Scripture, after which he would
.ften engage in fervent prayer or speak in tes-
imonv, thus drawing their minds from the
hings" of this world and pointing them to the
L,amb of God, which taketh away the sins of
he world ; earnestly exhorting them to be
■bedient to the manifestations of the Holy Spirit
0 their hearts; often reminding them of the
incertainty of time, and the necessity of being
prepared for a better world when called to give an
.ccountof thedeedsdone whilst here in the body.
(To be concluded.)
Brandy is Sapping the life of the French
Nation.
i A bill for the increased taxation of alcoholic
irinks has been before the French parliament
ijr over a year. In one of the debates in the
■hamber of deputies Dr. Saunelongue said as
IB summed up a long presentment of govern-
nent statistics and medical facts concerning the
DJury to the public health worked by the abuse
jf alcohol :
i " In France alcoholism has really existed
»nly for fifty years and in the world only for a
century or two. Looking at the spectacle which
Jcobolism now presents to us everywhere, we
lave the right to ask what will become of hu-
oanity under such conditions."
1 Dr. Leon Labbe, after a long examination of
he subject, said in the senate :
"I do not wish to use words for effect, but I
ira forced to acknowledge that this question
loncerns the very future of our nation."
■ The amount of alcohol taxed for human con-
lumption in France has been trippled in ten
'ears. Within fifteen years the number of re-
cognized liquor shops has increased by more
ban one hundred thousand, bringing the total
•lumber close up to five hundred thousand for
ewer than forty million of men, women and
khildren.
From Saturday evening, when workmen are
)aid, until Monday evening (not morning) you
cannot walk one hundred yards in the working-
nen's streets without meeting a drunken man.
Monday is taken to wind up the debauch, when
.he week's wages have not been already spent.
i case is cited of one workman who had lost
.he reckoning of time and staggered back to
i.he factory on Monday. When told what day
t was, he at once left work on principle. Mon-
lay evening is the noisy time. Little parties
ire to be met coming home from the resorts in the
Hiburbs- — father, mother, children and friends
—staggering along together to the tune of some
ientiraental song shouted at the top of their
voices. They have all been drinking the same
iquor — brandy, at six or even four cents a glass
ivhen there is money enough ; otherwise the
cheaper potato spirits or poisonous bitters and
)ther injurious drinks are used. These can be
iold at almost any price, since they cost the sel-
er only a cent for many glasses. They are
iheap because they are made of the refuse
' heads and tails" from the distilleries of indus-
trial alcohol.
The hardest drinking is done by the iron work-
3rs and coal heavers. In a mill employing one
hundred and fifty men the manager knew only
5ve whom he could send safely into the city.
Even to these he did not dare intrust any dis-
tant commission, as without supervision they
would leave their work for drink. In another
establishment fifteen men were relatively sober
out of two hundred. None of the others could
walk fifty yanls along the street without stop-
ping to drink at a liquor shop. One of them
never went to his work or left it unless accom-
panied by his wife.
Dr. Tourdot, while at his detective work, saw
one hundred and fifty glasses of bitters sold in
ten minutes in a saloon near one of the large
factories. He took particular pains to observe
the lower class of workmen along the wharfs.
For this purpose he served in one of their re-
sorts. At the zinc counter there are men in
rags drinking. Around the door are women
and children, with hungry faces, waiting for
the little money that may escape the clutches
of the liquor seller. These dock workers earn
from five to seven cents an hour. They scarcely
pay more than five cents a day for food, and
for two cents they can lodge at the Snifiling
Flea or some similar inn. All the rest of their
money goes for strong drink.
The coal heavers at the docks constitute a
higher class of workmen. They earn from two
to three dollars a day and feed themselves well.
They do not drink, so to speak, in working
hours, contenting themselves with five or six
cups of coffee during the day. With each cup
they take four cents' worth of brandy (more
than two " ponies"). But when night comes,
they drink up all that is left of their pay except
what the wife has managed to get from them.
Often the wives grow tired of this existence and
become worse drunkards than the men. After
thirty-five years of age the muscular strength
of the coal heaver is gone, and he becomes a
common workman along the wharfs.
Selected.
We take a kind of personal pride in the fol
lowing statement by ex-Senator Ingalls, of Kan
sas, in regard to the effect of prohibition in that
State. We were there when that memorable
contest was going on and cast our vote for pro-
hibition ; and we recollect the predictions freely
given out as to the evil effect of it, should it be
adopted. Ingalls knows whereof he affirms,
and it makes us glad to hear his testimony as
given in a Forum article.
" Kansas has abolished the saloon. The open
dramshop traffic is as extinct as the sale of in-
dulgences. A drunkard is a phenomenon. The
barkeeper has joined the troubadours, the cru
sader and the mound builder. The brewery, the
distillery and the bonded warehouse are known
only to the archaologist. Temptation being re-
moved from the young and inferior, they are
fortified and redeemed. The liquor seller, being
proscribed, is an outlaw, and his vocation
disreputable. Drinking being stigmatized, is
out of fashion, and the consumption of intoxi-
cants has enormously decreased. Intelligent and
conservative observers estimate the reduction at
ninety per cent. It cannot be less than seventy
five. . . . Oneof the most significant and
extraordinary results is the diminution of crime
in the State. At the January (1889) term of
the district court of the county in which the
capital is situated there was not a single criminal
case on the docket. Many city and country
prisons are without a tenant. The number and
percentage of the convicts in the State peniten-
tiary have been remarkably diminished."
" In the economy of God, no effort, however
small, put forth for the right cause, fails of its
efi'ect. No voice, however feeble, lifted up for
truth, ever dies amidst the confused voices of
time." — The ScottUh Reformers.
Diminution of Game in Africa.
The va.-t herds of game which (jnce roamed
over the stfc|)pL-s are being rujjidly reduced in
size and numlier. Plains which, in the days of
Andrew Smith, Oswell and Gordon Gumming,
were thronged with antelope, are now tenant-
less, and many of the species .seem destined soon
to follow the quagga and white rhinoceros into
extinction. Man, no doubt, has played a lead-
ing part in the annihilation of the enormous
herds that once thronged Gape G<^)lony. The
fact that, during the last few years, the game
has retreated from the Somali coast into the in-
terior, shows how easily it can be driven from
a district. Nevertheless I doubt the justice of
charging sportsmen with the main responsibility
for the destruction of the big game.
In South America a mammalian fauna, much
richer than that of Africa (for it included no
less than fifty-eight genera of animals larger
than a big dog), has been destroyed since a
time which, though before the date of the hu-
man occupation of the continent, was geologic-
ally recent. Man has, no doubt, helped to
exterminate some species, but his influence has
probably been insignificant compared with that
of natural agencies.
Lions are abundant on all the game-fields,
and Jackson and Maekinnon once saw twenty-
three in a single herd on the Kapti plains. The
number of animals such a herd must destroy
every year is enormous, and di.sease is probably
more eftective in the process of destruction.
When Jackson returned from Uganda in July,
1890, he saw, between Baringo and Naivasha,
herds varying in size from one hundred to six
hundred buffaloes, six times in a single day,
and Teleki, while at Njemps, in January, 1888,
shot no less than fifty-three individuals in the
month.
In the .same district, in 1893, I did not see a
single buffalo. Five years before, the buffalo
was almost the commonest of the big game in
British East Africa. The whole number I saw-
was four — a herd of three in the Tana Valley,
near Ngatana, and a single bull in the valley
of the Thika-thika. The explanation has been
supplied by Gedge, who followed Jackson a few
months later. Several times a day his caravan
had to diverge from its path, to avoid the stench
from a rotting carcass — in fact he saw fifteen iu
one dav, but he did not see a single living buf-
falo. Cattle disease had swept through the
country and destroyed them all.
The gnu and the giraffe have suffered almost
as badly. I only saw one of the former, and
one herd of the latter, both on the Kapti
Plains, but in the valley of the Thika-thika I
found girafle bones nearly every day, and once
saw the remains of six skeletons on a single
march. Giraffe and gnu are both subject to the
same disease as the bufialo, and thus, in British
East Africa, they have almost shared its fate.
Though disease unquestionably aids in the
work of extermination, it can scarcely cause the
destruction of whole faunas, for one malady
only seems to attack a few species. We must
look to some other cause to account for the vast
accumulation of bones belonging to animals of
different species and of ditierent habits, from
which most of the remains of fossil mammalia
have been derived. These huge piles of bones
have always been a puzzle to geologists, for, as
Sir Henry Howorth reiuarks, " Nor would any
causes we know to be operating now, account
for the caches or heaps of incongruous beasts
found in precisely the same fresh condition, and
yet piled together in confused masses. This
158
THE FRIEND.
Twelfth Mo. 6, 1896
mixture of animals of different habits and hab-
itats— of carnivores aud pach3'derms and herbi-
vores— is most puzzling, especially when the
remains show, so often, a common freshness and
an unworn andanungnawed appearance. Death
certainly has no favorites, aud is singularly neu-
tral in its methods, but it does not, in its normal
moods at all events, collect great mylodons and
thickly-hided megatheres, nimble opossums and
safely-cuirassed glyptodons, caries and masto-
dons, and kill them together and bury them to-
gether."
This singular association of bones is one of
the arguments on which Sir Henry Howorth
bases his theory of the destruction of the great
extinct mammalia by a deluge. Ou the march
across Laikipia, however, a different explana-
tion of the phenomenon impressed itself forcibly,
and even painfully, on my mind. The plateau
had beeu described to me as one of the richest
game-fields in Africa, and I trusted to it to sup-
plement our scanty food supply.
Here and there, around a water-hole, we found
acres of ground white with the bones of rhinoce-
ros and zebra, gazelle and antelope, jackal and
hyena, and among them we once observed the
remains of a lion. All the bones of the skeletons
were there, and they were fresh and ungnawed.
The explanation is simple. The year before
there had been a drought, which had cleared
both game and people from the district. Those
which did not migrate crowded around the
dwindling pools and fought for the last drop of
water. These accumulations of bones were,
therefore, due to a drought, and not to a deluge.
The only animal in the extermination of
which man is playing the leading part is the
elephant. The date of its extinction, however,
is far distant, for, in some districts, it is still so
numerous as to be a serious plague to the in-
habitants. On the borders of the Kikuyu coun-
try elephants occur in such abundance and do
such serious damage to the plantations, that an
elephant-hunter would be welcomed as warmly
as if he were a raedi;eval knight-errant come to
do battle with the dragon. Lions, also, are nu-
merous, and do terrible damage to the herds.
Their tracks occur everywhere, and though I
only saw them thrice, I heard them very fre-
quently. J. ^Y. Gregory.
The action of those warm-hearted Peruvians
who dispatched a vessel with a cargo of pro-
visions, tents and clothing, valued at forty
thousand dollars soles, in aid of the sufferers by
the terrible fire at Guayaquil, Equador, as well
as the promptness with which the Peruvian
Government ordered a war vessel at Paita to
collect all available supplies and hasten with
them to the stricken city, should receive more
than passing notice. This is not the mere gen-
erous outpouring of superabundance toward a
friendly State, but the sharing of their own in-
sufficient store to help suffering kinsmen. For
Peru is poor. She has struggled against adver-
sity for years, since the time when her generous
defense of brow beaten Bolivia called down
upon her the crushing power of Chile. Not
only has she been poor as a nation, but her
people have been plunged into poverty, against
which they have struggled with fortitude akin
to heroism. Hence, to bestow gifts with such
free hand as this is magnanimous and selfsac-
rificing in the highest degree. And to this
must be ailded the circumstance that Peru and
Ecuador have long been estranged on account
of a boundary dispute that nearly led to war. —
The Independent.
Selected.
The notorious Sheats Law is a thing of the
past. Conceived in sin, and brought forth in
iniquity, it has had a short, inglorious life, and
has died a fitting death. For alleged violation
of this statute, seven teachers of the Orange
Park School were indicted, arrested and bound
over in the sum of two hundred and fifty dollars
each to appear before the Clay County Circuit
Court for trial at the Tenth Month term. At
a hearing on the twenty-first, Judge R. M. Cole
presiding, a motion was made by counsel for
the defense to quash the indictment. This ap-
parently might have been easily done, but the
defense preferred to get a decision upon the
main question, the constitutionality of the law.
The State's attorney was therefore allowed to
file additional information, and two of the in
dieted teachers voluntarily gave him facts to
support their own indictment. An exhaustive
and masterly argument was then submitted by
the counsel for the defense, Bisbee and Rine-
hart, of Jacksonville, objecting to the statute
as vague in its terms and contradictory in its
provisions ; as unconstitutional in that the body
of the statute contained what was not in its title ;
as arbitrary and unreasonable, creating a crime
where none existed, and so going beyond the
police power of the State ; as needlessly abridg-
ing the natural rights of property, contract and
personal association, thus conflicting with the
Fourteenth Amendment to the National Con-
stitution ; as discriminating against the rights
of teachers to pursue their lawful and useful
calling unhindered by restrictions laid upon
men of no other business or profession ; a-s being
founded simply and solely upon the distinction
of color in violation of the Fourteenth Amend-
ment. The reply of the State's Attorney entire-
ly failed to meet this powerful and just impeach-
ment. The Court without hesitation decided
that the body of the statute, in exceeding the
scope of the title, violated the Contitution of
Florida, and that the law was therefore uncon-
stitutional, null and void. — The Independent.
How' A Boy Measured a Tree — He is not
a boy in a hook; he lives in our house. He
seldom says anything remarkable. He eats oat-
meal in large quantities, and tears his trousers,
and goes through the toes of his boots, and loses
his cap, and slams the doors, and chases the cat,
just like any other boy. But he is remarkable ;
for he asks few questions and does much think-
ing. If he does not understand he whistles.
There was much whistling in our yard one
summer. It seemed to be an all-summer per-
formance. Near the end of the season, how-
ever, our boy announced the height of our tall
maple to be thirty-three feet.
" Why, how do you know ?" was the general
question.
" Measured it."
"How?"
" Foot rule and yardstick."
" You didn't climb that tall tree?" his mother
asked anxiously.
" No'm ; I just found the length of the shadow,
and measured that."
" By the length of the shadow, and measured
that."
" Yes'm ; but twice a day the shadows are
just as long as things themselves. I've been
trying it all summer. I drove a stick in the
ground, and when the shadow was just as long
as the stick I knew that the shadow would be
just as long as the tree, and that's thirty-three
feet." — Bright Jewels.
A Great " Base Line" Survey. — The Unit-
ed States Coast and Geodetic Survey has just
finished its labor in the field upon the most
stupendous geodetic survey ever undertaken in
any country, and which gives to the United
States the longest base line upon which to es-
tablish sulisequent surveys in existence in the
world. It is known as the transcontinental
arc, and lies along the thirty-ninth parallel of
north latitude, extending from ocean to ocean.
Its eastern end is at a point on the Atlantic
coast ten miles south of Little Egg Island light-
house, below Cape May, and its western end is
six miles north of Punta Arenas lighthouse, on
the Pacific, several miles above San Francisco. ■
According to the radius of the thirty-ninth
parallel, as given by Bessel, the famous astro-
nomer of Konigsberg, Germany, who first cal- '
culated the diameters of the earth and measured
the distance from the earth to sixty-one Cygni,
the nearest fixed star, the length of the arc as
measured by the Ciast and Geodetic Survey
officials is one hundred and eleven feet in error,
and according to the radius of the same paral-
lel as fixed by Sir Andrew Clarke, of Glasgow
University, the error is ninety-eight and a half
feet. But General Duffield, superintendent of
the survey, declares that these variations from
the heretofore established standards show error
in them, and not in the calculations of his scien-
tists. By the measurements made on the line,
and which have been aggregated in the office
here, the arc at sea level for the entire distance
— that is, following the curvature of the earth's
surface— is 2,625,8 miles in length. The estab-
lishment of the radius of the thirty-ninth paral-
lel from these measurements is a matter for
further calculation.
The value and vastness of the work just ac-
complished cannot be intelligently appreciated
by the unscientific mind. It was begun by the
Survey nearly, if not quite, half a century ago.
Progress upon it has been spasmodic, but some
work has been done every year since the begin-
ning. It has cost the Government about Sl,-
000,000, but the expenditure is said by the of-
ficials to be fully justified by the importance of
the project.
Russia and China are the only other coun-
tries on the globe wherein a base line of any-
thing like equal magnitude is possible, and in
neither one is it likely to be surveyed for many
years. The longest base line heretofore sur-
veyed was that in India, running north and
south, about a thousand miles in length.
European scientists have been greatly inter-
ested in the progress of the American arc, and
its completion will doubtless cause the receipt
by the Coast and Geodetic Survey officials of
many congratulations from abroad. — Friends'
Intelligencer.
In the English Notes, in our last issue, ap-
peared a reference to a speech made in London
by a cultured Indian gentleman, in which he
spoke of the chief drawback to the Christianiz-
ing of India being the loose morals and practi-
cal contempt for Christianity manifested by the
European residents. This is not to be wondered
at, and we were prepared for similar statements
from other quarters. McNabb, of Foochow,
China, contributes an article on " Foreign Com-
munity Life" in the pages of the Missionary Re-
vieivof the World for Tenth Month, in which he
comments on the same sad facts. Open and
disgusting immorality abounds in all the treaty
ports. The Europeans seem recklessly and vic-
iously immoral. Is it any wonder that it h^s
Mo. 5, 1896
THE FRIEND.
159
')een said: "The Chinese at first feared and
fespected those who came to their shores. By
■legrtes the respectful fear of the Chinese passed
nto haughty contempt. These communi(y peo-
)le cdnstitute the mighty barrier to the progress
if Christian missions in China."— /^tcorrfer.
Scripture Illustration.
" Bind thp:m about thy Neck." — The refer-
ence here is to a custom common among many
oeoples in all ages, the wearing of some small
irticle suspended from the neck, next the skin
if the breast. They have generally been looked
ipon as charms, to avert evil from the wearer.
Jometimes they signitiy the special caste. The
'oung Brahmin, when initiated into the rites of
3rahitiinism, has a silken thread bound loosely
ound his neck. This thread he must ever wear
hrough life. To cast it aside is apostasy, and
he greatest struggle in the baptism of a Brah-
ain convert is the breaking of this thread. Not
inlike the symbolism of the Brahminical thread
vas the golden bulla worn by patrician boys
tmong the Romans, and the lorum, a scrap of
eather, with signs or letters written on it, worn
ly all free-born boys, whether of noble rank or
,iot. The charge in this passage is to cling to
nercy and truth more tenaciously than to rank
ind fortune. The custom goes back into the
i'arthest antiquity. On the oldest mummies of
Egypt are found words written upon scraps of
l)apyrus, tightly rolled up and sewed in linen,
ind suspended round the neck ; and the custom
)f wearing these amulets appears to have been
lerived from Egypt by the Israelites. But in-
tead of the little figures of the various deities,
tr the searabei, with the name of the god or king
Inscribed, which were also often used by the
.Egyptians, they used w<irds and verses from the
,aw, written on tiny strips of parchment, and
(•oiled up, which were supposed to avert the
;ivil eye, or remedy deleterious influences on
,heir children. Not only is this continued by
he Jews, but the custom has descended to the
Vrabs of the present day, who use sentences of
,he Koran stitched up in leather, and hung from
he neck of adults as well as children. The
falmud has many allusions to the use of these
i;harms, which were believed often to cure dis-
bases. They were in use also among the early
iDhristians, but were denounced as leading to
uperstition, and finally forbidden by the coun-
'il of Laodicea.
" Weite them upon the Table of thixe
Jeart." — Not on the tablets which thou usest
ibr the daily memoranda. These tablets were
ihin wooden boards, on which wax was thinly
'pread, and a style, or small pointed stick, served
is a pen. When done with, the writing, thus
cratched, was obliterated by simply warming
he wax and smoothing the surface for future
ise, as slates are used by modern school-boys.
The permanent impress on the heart is contrast-
id with this perishable writing. — H. B. Tristram,
In S. S. Times.
\ Extract from the Letter of a Deceased
^'riend. — "A piety which brings peace and
«nfideuce, as the result of regeneration, is a
)iety which practises self-denial, endures the
;ross, despises the shame. The one who possesses
his piety will be industrious, temperate, frugal,
naking money when he can honestly, and giv-
Dg freely but judiciously. Doing good to the
ouls and bodies of men, feeding the hungry,
Nothing the naked, visiting the sick. This piety
lespises a slavish conformity to the world's
fashions, and condemns and repudiates its fol-
lies. Yet it is ever courteous and refined. It
manifests itself alike in the parlor, the kitchen,
the nursery, the counting-room, the exchange,
the field, the barn, the political assembly, the
halls of legislation and of justice, as well as in
the assembly of the Church, exemplifying in
practice ' Whether, therefore, ye eat or drink,
or whatsoever ye do, do to the honor and glory
of God.' "
Items.
Land Grabbing Nations. — The Independent states
thiit in 1884, Great Britain lield control of about
8,400,000 square miles outside of Europe. This
area has now increased to about 11,000,000 square
miles. The French territory has advanced from
about 665,000 square miles in 1884 to 3,391,000
square miles. The most of this addition has been
in Africa. Germany had no foreign territory in
1884, but has since taken under her control more
than 1,000,000 square miles, mostly in Africa. The
Congo Free States, under the control of the King
of Belgium, contain about 11,000,000 square miles.
The Independent adds :
"These figures, which we take from a careful
historical summary in the London Times, shows
plainly what was evident to every impartial ob-
server, that land-grabbing is not a sin of a single
nation. If it be a sin, Great Britain, France and
Germany are about equally in fault. There is no
question that their action, arbitrary as it some-
times has been, utterly indifferent to the supposed
rights of the native population, has been on the
whole for their benefit and for the progress of
civilization. The next twelve years is likely to see
this division of the world among three or four
great European powers carried a great deal further,
unless China shall speedily learn the lessons of its
war with Japan. The Turkish Empire will cer-
tainly be broken up ; Afghanistan will fall, proba-
bly, to Great Britain, and probably Persia to Kus-
sia. Egypt will go to Great Britain, and France
will move steadily forward to the border of Egypt.
But what will become of the Transvaal and the Por-
tuguese possessions in Africa depends on whether
the South African colonies shall become an inde-
pendent republic."
The Venezuela Dispute. — Late information from
England brings the cheering news that the British
Government has consented to an agreement with
Venezuela, the practical issue of which will proba-
bly be to refer the boundary dispute of the Gov-
ernment to the decision of arbitrators. We ought
to be grateful to the Prince of Peace for this addi-
tional evidence of the spread of righteous princi-
ples.
THE FRIEND.
TWELFTH MONTH 5, 1896.
In our issue of p]leventh Month 7th we in-
serted an editorial from the New York Inde-
pendent on the " Moral Issues of the Campaign."
This has elicited at least half a dozen communi-
cations— about half in- approval and about half
in disapproval of the article. Of those who
united with the sentiments it contained, a part
would have preferred that it should have been
issued before the election, so as to have had
some infiuence on that event. In reply to these
Friends, the Editor says, that he desires to re-
member that The Friend is not a partisan
paper, and that he does not wish to contend for
either of the two leading parties any further
than in so doing he can promote the great prin-
ciples of morality. Indeed, for several past years,
he has been so impressed with a sense of the
evils that fiow from the consumption of intoxi-
cating beverages, that his vote has been given
in support of prohibition, as the most important
issue that claims the action of our citizens.
The correspondence in connection with the
article referred to furnishes an instructive illus-
tration of the extent to which men of equal in-
tellectual ability and honesty of purpose, are
influenced by their predilections, and by the at-
mosphere in which they live. Two of those
who have favored the Editor with their criti-
cisms, think the Editor of the Independent un-
justly condemns the Chicago convention for the
plank which denounces the Federal Govern-
ment for interfering in the Chicago riots which
grew out of the railway strikes; and that it is
not just to say that that utterance " accuses law
and order, and excuses rioting and disorder."
While we do not remember the occurrences of
that trying period with sufficient accuracy to
decide between The Independent and our critics,
yet our impression is strong, that the charge in
The Independent is practicalbj correct, whether
verbally so or not: our intelligent readers can
determine this point for themselves. Probably
they will generally unite in the assertion that
" arbitrary interference by Federal authorities
in local aff'airs ought to be avoided," and yet
many may think that interference was justified
by the ciieumstances and situation at the time.
Another correspondent diverges into a con-
sideration of the hardships which induced the
workingmen at Chicago toenter upon the strike.
This has so remote a connection with the r|ues-
tion at issue, that it need not detain us. He
criticises also the statement of The Independent
that " the Government sold its bonds for gold,"
etc., saying that although this was partially
true, yet the great bulk of the bonds was bought
with legal tender. He thinks, and we have met
with similar assertions elsewhere, that the finan-
cial legislation of the country has been directed
to favor the capitalists and to oppress the poor.
We do not know on what grounds such a charge
is made, although we can readily conceive that
persons tiearing this statement repeatedly made,
may honestly come to believe its truth. It has
been one of the glories of our country that the
path to eminence and fortune was restricted to
no class of its inhabitants (except by the system
of slavery), and that any one possessing the
requisite abilities, and willing to practice the
needed exertion and self denial, might advance
therein. Indeed we need not go far back until
we find that the most wealthy of our citizens
sprang from families of very moderate means.
The point in this campaign which has given
the Editor the most uneasiness and concern,
has been what seemed to him the eflfort, for par-
tisan purposes, to induce the laboring classes to
look with enmity on the mure wealthy, and to
imagine themselves to be unfairly treated.
It would be a happy circumstance for our
country, if the ordeal through which we have
just passed, should induce honest and well in-
tentioned men to use their efforts to remove
everything which is unjust and unequal from
our laws and practices, and to cultivate that
spirit of benevolence which aims at the universal
good of mankind.
The fact should also be inculcated that the
laboring and the monied classes are each neces-
sary to the other, and that those dispositions
should be cherished which would tend to har-
monious relations between the employer and
employed. We think it is cause for gratitude
that the excitement which during the recentcani-
paign occasioned much apprehension in some
quarters, has so generally disappeared, and the
results of the election have been so quietly and
universally accepted.
Huldah H. Bonwill again appeals to the
160
THE FRIEND.
Twelfth Mo. !
benevolent for help for Indians and white peo-
ple in Kansas, many of whom are very desti-
tute. Clothing and" bedding for men, women
and children may be forwarded to Doughton,
Wilkins & Co., 804 Market .Street. The need-
ful repairing will be done on the articles fur-
nished. She also wishes twenty-five dollars to
purchase shoes, etc. The money may be for-
warded to Joseph Hall at Friend's Book Store,
304 Arch Street, Philadelphia.
SUMMARY OF EVENTS.
United States. — The Treasury Department has is-
sued a call for the redemption of United States 0 per
cent, bonds, amnunting to ¥9,000,000 face vaUie, issued
under the act of Seventh Month 1st, 1862, and Seventh
Month 2nd, 1864, in aid of certain Pacilic Railroads.
These bonds are commonly known as currency sixes,
and become due First Month l.st, next.
Colonel Wilson, Superintendent of Public Grounds
at the national capital, reports that 1,315,476 persons
have ascended the Washington monument since it was
opened to the public eight years ago, in Tenth Month,
1888.
The official vote for Oregon gives McKinley electors
48 711 ; Bryan electors, 46,739. Of Missouri : Bryan,
363,652; McKinley, 304 940 ; Prohibition, 3,169 ; So-
cialist Labor, 610; Palmer-Buckner, 2,355 and Na-
tional Prohibition, 293. Of Iowa : McKinley, 289,293 ;
Bryan, 223,741; Palmer, 4,519; Levering, 3,192;
Bentley,353;Malchelt,453. Ofldaho: Bryan, 23,192 ;
McKinley, 6,324 ; Bryan's plurality, 16,687. Prohibi-
tion vole, 181. The vote on equal suffrage amend-
ment was: For, 12,126; against, 6,282; maj )rity for
amendment, 5,884.
The officials of the Secretary of State of Georgia say
that there was no election in Charlton Connly, Ga.,
and nobody in ihe county knew that there was an
election. The famous Okefincikee swamp covers most
of the territory of Charlton County, which is on the
Florida line. According to the maps, there are sev-
eral towns in the county, with Trader's Hill as the
County seat, but all efforts of the Secretary of State to
get returns from there has proved unavailing, and it
is considered a certainty that no election was held.
A desijatch from San Antonio, Texas, says: "The
rush of corn shipmenis to Mexico through here has
been the heaviest ever known during the past three
weeks, and the transferring capacity of the roads at
the border has been taxed to its fullest. The great
hulk of corn c )mes from Kansas, Iowa and Nebrask'i,
where it is purchased for 10 cents to 15 cents per
bushel, and sold in Mexico as high as two dollars per
bushel, Mexican currency. In addition to these ship-
ments by rail, heavy exportations are being made by
water for the more southern Slates of Mexico."
Complaint is made that in the Cape Cod cranberry
bogs the native pickers have been supplanted by Ital-
ians, Finns and Swedes, and that thus another Ameri-
can industry has passed into the hands <if foreigners.
In regard to another and more celebrated New Eng-
land industry, that of whaling, visitors to the cape
of recent years have not failed to notice that Portu-
guese immigrants and West Indian negroes form the
bulk of the crews. The New York World says Prov-
incetown has a large and thrifty Portuguese colony
inhabiting almost the very spot where the Pilgrim
mothers did their first day's washing in (he new land.
From the lower portion of Alleghany County, Md.,
the' farmers repurted recently a strange migratory
movement of a large number of hawks. A flight of
hawks, about two miles in width, that was fully three
hours in passing, crossed the valley in a southwesterly
direction. "The sun was obscured for a while by the
moving black cloud." One farmer, not satisfied as to
the species of the birds, fired into the flock and brought
down six. They were found to belong to the bird,
and not to the chicken hawk species.
Deaths in this city last week numbered 389, which
■ ID 15 more than the previous week and 28 less than
the corresponding week of 1895. Of the whole number
179 were males and 210 females: 52 died of consump-
tion; 46 of pneumonia; 29 of heart disease; 24 of
diphtheria; 17 of bronchitis; 15 of old age; 12 of
apoplexy; 12 of nephritis; 12 of cancer; 11 from cas-
ualties ; 1 1 of inflammation of the stomach and bowels ;
10 of Bright's disease; 10 of croup; 10 of convulsions ;
9 of inflammation of the brain, and 9 of paralysis.
Markets, Ac — U. S. 2's, 95 a 97 ; 4's, 1 10 a 1 lOi; new
4's, 119J a 1201; ^'», ^3 a 113i; currency G's, lOU a
106.
CoTVON was quiet, but steady, on a basis of 7ffc. per
pound for middling uplands.
FEED.-Winter bran in bulk, quoted $9.50 a ?10.25
and spring do., in sacks, at $9.50 a $10.25 per ton.
Flour.— Winter super, $3.00 a $3.25 ; do., extras,
$3.40 a $3.60 ; Pennsylvania roller, clear, $4.25 a $4.50;
do., do., straight, $4.60 a $4.75 ; Western winter, clear,
$4.25 a $4.50; do., do., straight, $4.60 a $4.75; do.,
do., patent, $4.80 a $5.00 ; spring, clear, $3.85 a $4.25 ;
straight, $4.40 a $465 ; do., do., patent, $4.75 a $4.9d ;
do., favorite brands, higher. City mills, extra, $3.50
a $3.75 ; do., clear, $4.25 a $4.50 : do., straight, $4.60
a $4.85 ; do., patent, $4.90 a $5.10. Rye Flour.—
$2.75 per bbl. for choice Pennsylvania.
Grain.— No. 2 red wheat, 92J a 93c.
No. 2 mixed corn, 29 a 29J-c.
No. 2 white oats, 24 a 24^c.
Beep Cattle. — Extra, 4| a 5c.; good, 4| a 43c.;
medium, 4§ a 4ic.; common, 4 a 41c.
Sheep and Lambs. — Extra, 3| a 4c.; good, 3J a 3 Jc;
medium, 2f a 3c.; common, 2^ a 2Jc.; culls, 1| a 2c.;
lambs, 31 a 51c.
Hoos. — 5 a 5f c. for Western, and 4Jc. for State.
Despatches from the northwest of the 25th and 26th
of Eleventh Month, report that the heaviest storm
known in Montana for years is raging all over the
State, and the mercury at difi'erent points is from 10
to 40 degrees below zero. The storm which had been
raging in Minnesota and iu the Dakotas for forty-
eight hours, is the worst since the great blizzard of
First Month, 1888. Railroad traffic is almost sus-
pended owing to the snow.
Benjamin Apthorp Gould, the well-known scholar
and astronomer, died in Boston on the 26th ult., as
the result of a fall.
Foreign. — The Novoe Vremya, an inspired St.
Petersburg journal, says: "The policy of Russia is
not to support the action of the other Powers, but to
enforce her own will. No matter what massacres of
Armenian and other Christians may occur, the isolat-
ed action of Russia is a practical reality."
The Berlin Government is fully aware that this
is the policy of Russia, and is holding aloof while
awaiting developments. Germany well knowing that
Austria is ready to strike at an opportune moment to
check the ascendancy of Russia in Turkey. The sum
of the present position is that the Porte, backed by
Russia, will continue to play its old game of delusive
reforms with impunity.
In one consignment recently a feather dealer in
London received 6000 birds of paradise, 360,000 birds
of various kinds from the East Indies, an I 400,000
humming birds. In three months another dealer im-
ported 356,398 birds from the Ea t Indies.
There is a promising outlook for a settlement of the
dock laborer.s' strike at Hamburg. Committees have
been appointed and both sides are willing to make
some concessions. The strikers number 6000.
The latest discoveries among the older rocks of the
Palsezoic age, says " Popular Science," shows the ex-
istence of (iragi.n flies measuring over two feet in the
expanse of wings. These are much larger than the
reported traces of enormous insects discovered about
a year ago. The whole known fauna of that luxuriant
period was upon the same gigantic scale.
The wife of Nansen, the famous -Arctic explorer, is
the owner of a remarkable carrier pigeon, which, after
being away from its home for nearly two years, winged
its way back over a thousand miles of frozen waste
and yet another thousand of ocean and frost and plain.
Under its shining white wing it brought a note from
Nansen, telling his wife that he was well and that the
expedition was doing finely.
It is stated that the British Colonial Oflice has de-
cided to send a commission to the British West Indies
to examine into the critical position of the sugar in-
dustry.
A decree was issued on the 26th ult., by General
Weyler notifying all growers of corn in the proynce
of Pinar del Rio, Havana and Matanzas to ship all
c irn iu their possession to the nearest towns and settle-
ments. After Twelfth Mo. 20th all corn found in the
possession of farmers will be regarded as conlraband
of war, and its owners liable to criminal proceedings.
Permission has been refused planters in Cuba to grind
sugar cane at their own risk.
Official statistics show that there are now 17,340
soldiers sick in the various military hospitals in Cuba.
Of this number 1458 are sufl'ering from yellow fever.
The mortality is said to be 163 per thousand.
An instructive object lesson in Government control
of railways has been developed by the debate in the
Brazilian Congress, growing out of the bill to lease
the Brazilian Central Railway to a foreign syndicate.
The Central road, with its branches, covers 500 miles
of the best cofTee producing districts in the Republic.
The main Hue extends from Rio Janeiro, on the north,
to St. Paul, in the south, with an important branch
west to the State of Minas. The road was built somt
years ago bv the Government, at an expense of $150,
000,000, and earned for a time an income of $16,000,-
000 annually, several millions of this being cleai
profit. Of late years employment on the road hai
been given as a reward for political activity, the par
tisans of one party succeeding each other with ths
various changes of administration. In many cases th(
salaries were largely disproportionate to the cliarac
ter of the service performed, while in nearly e'
erj
cept where experts were employed, the ap
pointees were unfit for their places The debates h
the Congress which disclosed these facts also showet
conclusively that the road, instead of being a paying'
investment, is steadily losing money at the rate o
$2,000,000 a year.
Advices from Winnipeg, Manitoba, state that thi
worst blizzard in years raged the latter part of las
week throughout the Canadian province. At Winni
peg snow drifts eight to ten feet high are common
and the wind was blowing at the rate of fifty miles ai
hour.
RECEIPTS.
Received from Joseph C. Dixon, Australia, £1
and from Herbert Everett, Australia, 16s 8d.
NOTICES.
Westtown Boarding School. — Applications fo:
the admission of pupils to the school, and letters ii
regard to instruction and discipline should be ad
dressed to William F. Wickersham, Principal.
Payments on account of board and tuition, am
communications in regard to business should be for
warded to Edward G. S.medlet, Superintendent.
Address, Westtown P. O., Chester Co., Pa.
Westtown Boarding School. — For convenienci
of persons coining to Westtown School, the stage wil
meet trains leaving Philadelphia 7.17 and 8.46 A. M.
and 2.53 and 4.32 p. M. Other trains are met whei
requested. Stage fare on regular trips, fifteen cents
on special trips, twenty-five cents each way. To read
the school by telegraph, wire West Chester Phone 85'
Edward G. Smedley, Sup't.
By appointment of Concord Quarterly Meeting ;
meeting for worship for its young and middle-ageii
members is proposed to be held in Media on the al
ternoon of First-day, the sixth of Twelfth Month
1896, at two o'clock.
A young woman Friend desires a situation as ai
assistant in household duties.
Address " M," 109 N. Church St., West Chester, Pf
The Moral Almanac and Friends Calenda
for 1897 are now ready and for sale at Friends' Boo
Store, No. 304 Arch Street, Philadelphia. Almanacs
four cents without cover, and five cents with ; postag
extra. Calendars, five cents each — if mailed, te
cents.
Friend's Teachers' Association will hold a meei
ing at 140 N. Sixteenth St., Philadelphia, Twelfth M.
12th, 1896, at 2.15 P. M. Austin C. Apgar, of Trento
Normal School, the well known naturalist, will lee
lure on Nature Study in schools. Anna Woolma
and Anna Yarnall will also address Ihe meeting.
Wm. F. Overman. ■
Friends' Institute Lyceum.— The next regula'
meeting of Friend's Institute Lyceum will be held E
140 N. Sixteenth St.. Sixth-day, Twelfth Month 4tl
1896, at 8 o'clock, p. M. Prompt attendance is r(
quested.
Tuskeqee Institute — Booker T. Washington, <
the Tuskegee Institute, Tuskegee, Alabama, appea);
for second-hand clothing, towels, bedspreads, quill:!
sheets, carpets, pillow cases, etc., etc. Friends havin'
such articles they are willing to contribute are n
quested to send them to
Paxson, Comfort & Co., 529 Arch St.,
Haines, Jones & Cadbury Co., 1136 Ridge Ave
or Wm. H. Haines, 5433 Wayne St., Germantown,
and they will be forwarded to Tuskegee.
Died, at her residenco in Salem, Ohio, on the nimi
leenth of Ninth Month, 1896, Catharine W.Dai
linoton, widow of William Darlington, in theninij
tieth year of her age; a valued member and elder (i
Salem Monthly Meeting.
THE FRIEND.
A Religions and Literary Jonrnal.
VOL. LXX.
SEVENTH-DAY, TWELFTH MONTH 12, 1896.
No. 21.
PUBLISHED WEEKLY.
Price, if paid in advance, $2.00 per annum.
SubscriptUms, payments and butitiess communicaliom
received by
Edwin P. Sellew, Publisher,
No. 207 Walnut Place,
lS}Uth from Walnut Street, between Third and Fourth,)
PHILADELPHIA.
Articles designed for insertion to be addressed to
JOSEPH WALTON,
MooKESTOWN, Burlington Co., N. J.
Entered as second-class matter at Philadelphia P. O.
Diary and Letters of Deborah Brooks Webb.
I (Continued from page 154.)
1864.— Eighth Month 26th.— The following
's from a letter to a brother and sister :
' j "Philadelphia, Eightli Month 2t;ili, 1864.
I "I wanted to go to Arch Street Meeting yes-
[ prday, not having attended any for a week.
L — went with me, and we were well paid for
■;he effort. Thomas Evans rose with the words,
; Oh, Ephraim, what shall I do unto thee ? Oh,
Judah, what shall I do unto thee? For your
goodness is as the morning cloud, and as the
jarly dew it goelh away.' He thought this was
the heartfelt language of some, and gave us en-
couragement to greater watchfulness and prayer.
The last part of the same text had been mourn-
fully in my mind in remembrance of the past
week, and his words confirmed my apprehension
of luy greater need of withdrawal from the
world. Oh, to be in the world and not of the
world ! The Apostle said, that when he was at
' home in the body, he was absent from the
Lord,' and he chose rather to be ' absent from
the body and present with the Lord.' I often
■think of this, and desire strength to be faithful.
'Sometimes heart and flesh and strength fail in
the thought of being as a fool, always. Then
tribulations work patience and joy in Him, so
I am comforted in the prospect of the end. I
thought afterward, what should I not be willing
to pass through, to be able with Divine power
to comfort others, as He confirmed, strengthened
and comforted me, even under a cross. I some-
times so wish that everybody knew the Saviour
and the rest there is in Him. Thomas quoted
Lamentations, third chapter, twenty -seventh,
twenty-eighth and twenty-ninth verses, which
always come very close home to me."
Ninth Month 18th.— Oh, my God ! My God !
How am I before Thee? Thou didst preserve
rae in my journey and kept me near to thee
and gave me peace. But how have I repaid
thee since? I have given up to one temptation
and another, till I am covered with sin. Thou
art merciful, and bast strengthened ray hands
marvellously this day in my secret prayer for
■ the coming week. I come unto thee, poor,
\yorn and weary. Help, Lord, for all the God-
liness ceaseth in me without thy succoring aid.
Tenth Month 9th. — Thanksgiving redound to
thee this night for thy mercy. Last night, while
1 was beseeching thee for it, here in my quiet
chamber, thou remembered me and stayed the
raging fire at my school-room. All praise be
unto thee. Oh, help me to live more and more
faithfully before thee.
16th. — I do not feel much condemnation this
night for the week past. O, Lord, thou knowest
my trials, how 1 want to be as an empty vessel
before thee, and how words come into my mind
out of meeting, and make me fear they are my
own planning. I can appeal to thee, that I try
to be like clay, without a will. Oh, Lord, have
mercy on me ; give me clearness, give me faith.
23rd. — I feel joy and peace in my soul this
day, and a trust in Divine mercy. I have tasted
living bread and living water during the week,
and have been p'^rmitted sometimes to sit in
Heavenly places in Christ .Jesus. What shall
1 render unto thee, O, Lord, but the adoration of
my whole soul. Make me faithful in every duty.
.30th. — A morning of peace and an afternoon
of conflict, drawing nigh to my Saviour, asking
Him to humble rae. This evening remembered
the Comforter promised to those that love Him.
Help me to show I love thee by kee])ing every
commandment, oh, my Lord and my God.
Eleventh Month 6th. — 1 have not been en-
tirely thine this week ; given up to some unu-
sual temptations. Oh, when shall I get every
hoof out of Egypt, and not serve my old task-
master in any one thing? Forgive, oh Lord,
and blot out. Thou hast cheered me this day,
oh, my Father. Thou enabled me to give up,
and then came close to me, and told me thou
loved me. Oh, it was precious, and I felt thy
banner over me was love.
3rd. — The twelfth chapter of Isaiah has com-
forted me so much this week, and I have indeed
drawn water out of the wells of salvation some-
times.
20th. — My heart feels sad to-night, I am
afraid I am not led by the pure Spirit of Christ.
I cling to thy feet, to be cleansed from all filthi-
ness of flesh and spirit; crucify all my vanity
and every lust, and lay me lowly in the dust.
22ud.— This day was Monthly Meeting, and
I am confirmed in believing that I am led by
the spirit of self love and vanity. Oh, Thou
who cast up seven devils out of Mary Magda-
lene and still loved her, cast this wicked spirit
out of me. Pour out in thy mercy of thy Holy
Spirit! The unclean spirit will not go out of
me, but by ray submitting more and more to
fasting and prayer and silence. Oh, God of
mercy, help nie, that I bring not disgrace upon
thy cause. Oh, shut me up forever or take my
life away.
27th. — The past week has been one of as great
humiliation and contrition as I ever passed
through. I felt when I laid down last night
that He had given me a holier spirit, and that
I sought his glory more continually. Lead me
in the paths of judgment, oh. Lord.
TO L. H. B.
"Twelfth Month 1st, 1S64.
. . . " Sometimes I feel that ' Thg joy qf
the Lonl is my only strength.' When we can
turn inward and feel his presence there, watch-
ing over us and [)rotecting us, givini; our daily
bread and the living water, forgiving us all
our trespasses and shortcomings ; this is joy in-
deed, with which none can intermeddle. My
thoughts since Third-tlay have been so much on
the little seed of the kingdom planted in every
heart, the world over, whether they ever heard
of the Saviour or not, or know of the Bible.
The principle is in every one, and they know
whether they do right or wrong. It is the Sav-
iour's spirit, w hether they know it or not. How
I wish that every one of us, who are taught to
know what it is, and esteem it, would bow more
and more deeply to it, that it may grow and in-
crease, and send forth its branches into all our
conduct, like the spreading tree, that we may
sit down and rise up and walk under the shadow
thereof. Solomon says, ' I sat under his shadow
with great delight, and his fruit was sweet to
my taste.' How often I think of, 'Hide me
under the shadow of thy wing,' and do now de-
sire it for thee, dearest, for I know thou often
feels exposed and tempted, in thy struggles to
come out from the world and be separate from
its chatty spirit. Oh, that we may each one of
us be gathered in the end as pure wheat into his
garner there, forever to celebrate his great mercy
in visiting and saving us. Oh, dear L ,
how I love thee this moment, and desire that
we may both strive each day to walk in white
before Him. . . The school-room ofien brings
around me many chastening cares. Twenty-two
little ones are to be instructed by words, by
books and by exam[)le, and I am to keep calm,
sweet tempered and gentle. How can it be done
unless helped by his good Spirit. These words
sometimes come so sweetly, ' When earthly va-
pors close around thee, climb to the mountain-
tops of faith and prayer. Dearest L , think
of me, and pray for me sometimes, too, when
thou art bowed" in deepest humiliation, before
that high and Holy One, who dwells also with
the contrite and humble heart. There is much
more that I could say, but sometimes I find I
am to ' pour out my soul ' only before Him. Be
assured of my endeared love and intent.
" D. B.'
Twelfth ISIonth 4th.— I do not think my heart
has been enough established in fear, before the
Almighty. I want and ask for wisdom, but I
forget the fear of the Lord that is wisdom, and
to depart from evil is understanding." Oh, that
I might with ray whole heart depart from every-
thing which is not for me to indulge in. I have
renewed my covenant with thee this afternoon,
and thou art a covenant-keeping God. Oh,_
Lord, I am weak and am afraid I shall slip from
mine unless thou help. Be merciful unto me,
and bless me, with full dedication.
18th. — I have been strongly tempted all the
wee'u with words of a supplication which it
seemed as though I must utter today, but I be-
sought the Lord to lead me only by his Holy
Spirit, and wheu I woke this morning, it seemed
as though He folded me in his arms, and He
162
THE FRIEND.
Twelfth Mo. lL>,189t;
strengtheued me in meeting to resist, for I feared
I was seeking mine own honor only. How
despicable I am ! I feel very thankful and
peaceful to-night, for his mercy to me.
I'oth.— Oh, my precious Lord ! give unto rae
some certain evidence that 1 am led by thy
Holy Spirit only. I gave up to-day to what
seemed required of me, but thy peace and calm-
ness sometimes seem to be mine, yet again I
doubt.
31st. — This is the last day of the old year.
I have not always been faithful, but God has
been so gocjd and merciful, I feel his abounding
goodness this night. His love fills a soul that
was once so cold. What shall I render unto
thee for all thy benefits? A full and dedicated
heart is all I have to bring.
First Mouth 1st, 1865. — I felt in meeting to-
day as though all my sins were forgiven, that a
new white robe was given me, and I must try
not to spot it.
8th. — My spirit and mind have not been
enough inward. I am too carnally minded.
Help me, oh. Lord, to be more spiritually
minded, and give me life and peace. I must
watch and pray more. For a little while in
meeting this afternoon I felt as if I really loved
God and ray Saviour, with all my heart and
mind and soul and strength.
14th. — I mourn over my want of inwardness
and seeking to enjoy Holy Communion. It
seems as though He was close to me, but I do
not enough seek to sup with my dear Lord and
Master.
'i2n(l. — A good deal of self denial at times,
but not enough dedicated to thee, Lord, my
good and merciful Master. Help me to abide in
thee continually.
(To be contiuued.)
Fr.\ternal Life Insurance.— The Chris
tlan Cijnomre contains an article designed to
expose the unsoundness of the ground on which
many of the so-called beneficiary insurance as-
sociations are built. In ordinary life insurance
societies, the insured are required to pay an an-
nual premium, which, when properly invested
and the interest received is compounded, will be
sufficient to pay the sum insured, supposing the
individual to live the average length of human
life. Hence, if the society is properly and rightly
managed, there is a reasonable security that the
necessary funds will be forthcoming to pay the
obligations which the society has incurred.
In the fraternal life insurance associations the
amounts required to be paid are very small and
form but a small percentage of the sum prom-
ised to be paid. The "Ancient Order of United
Workmen" is perhaps the oldest and largest of
these associations, and one of its officers esti-
mates the amount paid in by each member at
two hundred dollars, for which he holds a cer-
tificate for two thousand dollars, payable at his
death. The total membership of the "A O LT
W." is 362,000. Each holds a certificate of two
thousand dollars, which makes S724,000,000.
The members who die early and while the order
is rapidly growing, will probably be paid, but
no sensible man can suppose that the great bulk
of these obligations will ever be met. As the
rate of deaths increase, the assessments required
to meet the demands will become so heavy that
the iiieinbers will refuse to pay them, and the
association will fall to pieces by its own weight.
" Evermore restrain
Evil ami cherish Rood, so shall lliere be
.inolher and happier life for thee."
—J. a. Whlllia:
A Brief Account of the Life of Daniel Barker.
(Concluded from page 167.)
This letter was written in 1847, while visiting
in Wayne County, Indiana:
"Most Endeared Lydia :—
" How my spirit is made at times to feel for
thee, and to breathe to the God of every good
and perfect gift that He would in his adorable
goodness and mercy be pleased to be with thee in
thy deep exercises and tender care over our dear
children, enabling thee to discharge this great
and important duty to the peace of thy own
mind ; my greatest desire for them is, that they
may be brought up in the fear of the Lord,
yielding obedience to all his requirings, that so
they may be counted worthy of an inheritance
in the heavenly Jerusalem, which is of more
value than all the treasures of this transitory
world. I am firm in the belief that as thy eye
is kept single unto Him He will bless thy most
feeble eflTorts in this respect. I trust at times
I feel the force of the many fervent desires for
my preservations. I have been preserved, I
think, in a remarkable manner as to my health,
and wonderfully borne up under many deep
trials, having seen, as it were, a Divine hand
preparing the way before me; I hope the Lord,
in his mercy, will enable us to commit the keep-
ing of our souls to Him, for He is able to do for
us more abundantly than we can ask or think.
I greatly desire that you, my dear children,
may at all times be obedient to your dear moth-
er, and mind the things that belong to your
peace and everlasting happiness, often retiring
in spirit before the Lord in order to know his
will concerning you, with desires to do it, and
often reading the Scriptures which are able to
make you wise unto salvation, through faith in
Jesus Christ."
The following letter was written while labor-
ing in Tennessee, on his way to Ohio Yearly
Meeting, Eighth Month 20th, 1866:
" Friendsvili.e, Blount Co., Tenn.
" My dearly beloved wife, and my greatest
earthly treasure, with the dear children and
our aged mother, for whom my spirit is often
bowed before the throne of grace, with breath-
ing desires for your preservation in every way,
as for my own, from everything that would de-
stroy that peace of mind designed for the fol-
lowers of the Lamb of God, that taketh away
the sins of the world, to enjoy. Oh ! how I do
desire that we may all labor earnestlv to be
resigned to the will and disposal of our" Heav-
enly Father in all things, and as we feel our
weakness and inability of ourselves to arrive
to that state of mind in which we can say in
sincerity and truth, Not my will, but Thine, O,
Lord, be done. May we present ourselves be-
fore Him in humility and full faith, acknowl-
edging our weakness "and his almighty power,
with breathing desires that He would help us,
and strengthen us with might in the inner man,
drawing so in love to Him above everything
else, that a willingness may be wrought in us I
to sufl'er afflictions and bear whatever bereave-
ments or tribulations He may see fit to permit,
in order that He may be glorified and we pre-
pared for an inheritance amongst the saints in
light, when done with time here below, remem-
bering that time is short, and eternity hath no
end, and then, I have no doubt, there will be
an experiencing of strength to be given in pro-
portion to every trial, for He knows best what
is best for us, and will do right ; and the jirom-
ise is, that He will never leave nor forsake those,
his humble dependent ones, but will lead them'
by the still waters of Shiloh's peaceful streams <
and cause them to lie down in the green pas
tures of life and salvation ; then may we safelj;
trust in Him and He will bring it to pass. 0
dearest one, remember He keepeth those in per)
feet peace, whose minds are stayed on Him." <
He attended meeting diligently as long a:
his bodily strength would admit, and encour'
aged others to do the same. The last six o
eight years of his life were spent mostly at home
much of which time he was engaged in readinj
the Scriptures and other religious literature, anc
would often speak of the goodness and mercie
of God, and our entire dependence on Him
He said he knew he had not always done as h
ought, but he felt that his sins were all forgiver
and often expressed a desire that when his tim
came to leave this world, he might die easilj
which was mercifully granted. I heard hin
say that the following lines of poetry had man
times been a great help to him :
Comfort take, thou child of sorrow,
All is ordered well for thee, I
Look not to the an.xioiis morrow, ;|
As thy day, thy strength shall be. I
While he gradually became more feeble, hi" '
mind also failed, until many earthly thing '
appeared to him entirely obscu're ; still he seemei
to have a clear view of a spiritual life, ani
would very often have a word of encouragemen
or warning for those who came to see him, aiK
on bidding them farewell, he would often say
The way to farewell is to do well, and I wan
us all to do well here so we can farewell i
eternity. He was confined to his bed abou
one week with influenza, or lagrippe, much c
which time he was unconscious, still he was ofte
engaged in prayer, or speaking as though h
was in meeting, even quoting Scripture as coi
rectly as ever, earnestly exhorting those arouD
him to be faithful in performing whatever wa
required of them. Thus he appeared to be h
boring for the advancement of the Redeemer
cause as long as he was able to speak, and fir
ished his work here, we trust, to the glory c
God, and to the honor of his ever worthy Nami
The last few hours of his life he was not abl
to speak, his breath all the time growing shorte:
until he quietly ceased to breathe, as one gentl
falling asleep, and thus departed this life abot:
eight o'clock on the morning of the first day (
First Month, 1892, in the eighty-ninth year (
his age.
Written bv his daughter, Elzena Shields, i
1896.
[To the preceding outline of the life-work (
this worthy Friend, the Editor desires to ad
his own testimony. Some twenty or more yeai
ago he attended Canada Yearly Meeting, hel
at Pickering, near the north shore of Lake Oi
tario. There were present a large number c;
ministers and others from different parts of th'
country, and among them Daniel Barker. Moi
of the strangers belonged to the fust school c
those professing to be Friends, and several i
them exhorted us to be in the frequent or dail
practice of uttering vocal prayer in our fam
lies, without sufficiently calling attention to th'
necessary prerequisite of feeling the Divin
call and preparation for the service. Aftei
several had spoken, Daniel arose and relate!
his own experience. When a boy of about fi
teen years of age, he was in a tender frame (
spirit, and when he had been unwatchful au
had done anything wrong, he could not be con
fortable without retiring alone and seeking fo:
giveness from his Heavenly Father.
On one such occasion, the thought presente
VelfthMo. 12,1896
THE FRIEND.
1G3
;o his mind, " Why is it that when I pray, it is
(Iways without the utterance of wonls? I do
jot speak as the iniuisters do, when jirayiiig in
^leeting." Following out the suggestion, he
[neh down and attempted to offer vocal prayer,
lut although his heart had been full of secret
netitions, ail seemed to disappear, and no aliility
:;asfv;ltto pray with the spirit. This experi-
BRIEF ACCOUNT
SAKAH S. COLE,
OF SALEM, XEW -JERSEY,
depths of the mine. Nothing could be pur-
chased without a dispute. Over every counter
there was wrangling from moriiiug to nigiu.
The workman aud his employer had a quarrel
as regularly as the Saturday came round. On
a fair day or a market day the clamors, the re-
proaches, the taunts, the curses, were incessant ;
and it was well no booth was overturned aud
no head broken. No merchant would contract
Baking some stipula-
coin in which he was
if business were often
.- -ir./-. on into which all ne-
No. 166. ^,^^^,,„ The simple
llaged without mercy
lands grew even more
hrank. The price of
' shoes, of ale, of oat-
)rer found that the bit
received, it was called
, when he wanted to
■ a loaf of rye bread,
-Selected.
'• Sarah S. Cole, daughter of Richard and Hannah S. Cole,
and grand-daughter of Ananias Sayres — who was the first
sheriff of Cumberland County, New Jersey — was born iu Salem
County, in the same State, in the year 1795. She ^ya.s an
unusually lovely girl, of pleasing manners, and was much
admired, both for her personal charms and for the brightness
bf her intellect.
Previously to her last sickness, she ^vas greatly exercisul
concerning the everlasting peace of her immortal soul ; and
knowing she had broken covenant so often with her God, she
said she was afraid to try to renew it again ; and often ex-
pressed to her mother that she must be more wicked than
|Others. It is believed that the admiration of her suitors was
ensnaring to her soul. It became her usual practice during
the day to retire into silence by herself, and she was often
drawn into humble supplication to the Father of all our
mercies for the renewal of his precious covenant with her. In
his own time He was pleased to hold forth the sceptre of his
love in a wonderful manner, and removed the cloud which
had so long overshadowed her mind.
One day when she had been alone for some time her mother
feeling anxious, sought her, and on entering the room, Sarah
joyfully exclaimed : " Oh ! that I could tell thee what I have
seen and felt; but it is past expression. The goodness and
'mercy of the Lord are indeed wonderful. He has followed me
lith, Sammy Hick.
□ear York, England,
Whit-Monday in last
a Methodist preacher,
5 endeavoring in the
der and brutality, to
the way of salvation,
igh treatment, a young
rushed to his side, and
ot to touch the preach-
on was Sammy Hick,
A writer in the Chris-
little narrative of his
le became an earnest
3d much public favor,
-uthful, honest man —
but an Israelite indeed,
itomarily called, expe-
ach the Gospel, but it
) theological training,
one night, he told his
npression on his mind,
sleep again, with the
nder a delusion. Nev-
.0 resist the impression
jld say, " I have only
;errained that it shall
;n who has ten." He
jntinued to do so until
celebrated as joyously as ever in the hamlets;
-he cream overflowed ths pails in Cheshire;
;he apple juice foamed in the presses of Here-
fordshire; the piles of crockery glowed in the
furnaces of the Trent, and the barrows of coal
rolled fast along the timber railways of the
lyne. But when the great instruments of ex-
change became thoroughly deranged, all trade,
all industry, were smitten as with a palsy. The
2vil was felt daily and hourly in almost every
place and by almost every class — in the dairy
and on the threshing floor, by the anvil and by
the loom, on the billows of the ocean and in the
him as a man of strong
is not lacking in good
at distress among the
id, preaching the while,
stance. Being told at
d come, that there was
the locality, and he a
y expressed his belief
sarts of Roman Catho
..™ ... ...V, , relieving, and prayinc
as he went, he came into the great man's pres
ence. Recapitulating some of the scenes of want
and woe which he had seen, Sammy continued
" I have given away all I had, aud am sixty
miles from home, and if I had a toll-gate to go
through I have not a penny to pay my way, and
if something is not done, the people will die and
it will bring a judgment upon our land." The
appeal was favorably heard. The man of means
gave a large contribution, and likewise assisted
in a committee of relief.
Among other trials that this man of faith was
called to endure, was the circumstance of being
wronged by a relative out of the large sum of
ten thousand dollars, yet he was enabled to say
iig it, "The loss never rol)bed me of
e hour's sleep."
Visiting a sick woman once, aud giving her
: pence, with which she seemed to t>e wonder-
fully i)leased, Iw; began to soliloquize, as he left
the sick chamber, "Can .'^ix pence make a poor
creature happy? How many six pences have I
spent on this mouth of mine, by feeding it with
tobacco? I will never take another pijie while
I live, and will give the poor whatever I save
from it."
Having been taken sick, his medical attend-
ant said to him, " You must resume the use of
the pipe, ^Ir. Hick." "Never more while I
live," he replied. "It is essential to your re-
storation to health, and I cannot be answerable
for consequences should you reject the advice
given." " Let come what will," was the firm
answer, " TU never take another pipe. I've
told my son so, and I'll abide by it." " You
will in all probability die then." "Glory be to
God for that. I shall go to heaven. 1 have
made a vow and I'll keep it." He lived several
years after that, his release a happy one, nearly
his last words being, " Peace, joy, love."
' J. W. L.
A Sand-Storm of the American Desert.
That the " Great American Desert " still ex-
ists, iu spite of strenuous efforts on the part of
certain politicians, railroad corporations, and
other interested parties to obliterate it from the
maps, is a fact only too well known to many
thousands of disappointed settlers, army people,
prospectors and travellers over certain lines of
railway. Most especially is it iu evidence on
the route of the Southern Pacific road, which
traverses its desolation for hundreds of miles,
and whose tank care for the transportation of
water form an important item of equipment. It
is true that portions of its unproductive lands
are irrigable (at a vast expense), and may thus,
in the distant future, be reclaimed to the uses
of agriculture. At the same time, it is equally
true that wide areas lie so remote from revivify-
ing influences that, unless subjected to radical
climatic changes, they must always remain deso-
late, wind-blown wastes, exhibiting the charac-
teristics and phenomena of all deserts existing
under similar conditions.
With a thunderous roar the sandstorm hurls
itself upon its victims, driving them before it
with irresistible fury. No animate form may
oppose it and live, but man or beast so ill-fated
as to 'oe caught within its dread radius must
submit to be driven forward like an autumn
leaf, blinded, choked and sorely lashed, until
some sheltering lee is reached, or the fury of
the storm is exhausted. If he stumbles and falls,
or sinks through weakness, he is lost, aud the
skeletons of former victims are stripped if their
heated covering to furnish him a sepulchre.
Although the sand-storm is generally of short
duration, it sometimes lasts for hours, and has
been known to rage for days with unabated
fury. While thus exercising its evil powers it
destroys life and changes the whole aspect of
the country over which it sweeps, moving hills
and valleys to new positions, filling dry water-
courses, burying the little oases nourished by
infrequent springs, and obliterating trails. In
the old days of slow-moving wagon trains it was
a menace and a calamity, while even in this era
of railroads, it brings distress and peril to the
traveller. It fills the most carefully protected
cars with its stifling dust, blocks the track with
162
THE FRIEND.
Twelfth Mo.
,1S9G
strengthened me in meeting to resist, for I feared
I was seeking mine own honor only. How
despicable I am ! I feel very thankful and
peaceful to-night, for his mercy to me.
25th.— Oh, my precious Lord ! give unto me
some certain evidence that 1 am led by thy
Holy Spirit only. I gave up to-day to what
seemed required of me, but thy peace and calm-
ness sometimes seem to be mine, yet again I
doubt.
31st.— This is the last day of the old year.
I have not always been faithful, but God has
been so gocjd and merciful, I feel his abounding
goodness this night. His love fills a soul that
was once so cold. What shall I render unto
thee for all thy benefits? A full and dedicated
heart is all I have to bring.
First Mouth 1st, 1865.— I felt in meeting to-
day as though all my sins were forgiven, that a
new white robe was given me, and I must try
not to spot it.
8th. — My spirit and mind have not been
enough inward. I am too carnally minded.
Help me, oh. Lord, to be more spiritually
minded, and give me life and peace. I must
watch and pray more. For a little while in
meeting this afternoon I felt as if 1 really loved
God and my Saviour, with all my heart and
mind and soul and strength.
14lh. — I mourn over my want of inwardness
and seeking to enjoy Holy Communion. It
seems as though He was close to me, but I do
not enough seek to sup with my dear Lord and
Master.
22nil. — A good deal of selfdenial at times,
but not enough dedicated to thee, Lord, my
good and merciful Master. Help me to abide in
thee cuntinually.
(To be continued.)
Fraternal Life Insurance. — The Chris-
iian Cynosure contains an article designed to
expose the unsoundness of the ground on which
many of the so-called beneficiary insurance as-
sociations are built. In ordinary life insurance
societies, the insured are required to pay an an-
nual premium, which, when properly invested
and the interest received is compounded, will be
sufficient to pay the sum insured, supposing the
individual to live the average length of human
life. Hence, if the society is properly and rightly
managed, there is a reasonable security that the
necessary funds will be forthcoming to pay the
obligations which the society has iocurred.
In the fraternal life insurance associations the
amounts required to be paid are very small and
fjrni but a small percentage of the sum prom-
ised to be paid. The "Ancient Order of United
Workmen" is perhaps the oldest and largest of
these as-sociations, and one of its officers esti
mates the amount paid in by each member at
two hundred dollars, for which he holds a cer-
tificate for two thousand dollars, payable at his
death. The total membership of the "A. O. U
W." is 362,000. Each holds a certificate of two
thousand dollars, which makes 8724,000,000,
The members who die early and while the order
is rapidly growing, will probably be paid, but
no sensible man can suppose that the great bulk
of these obligations will ever be met. As the
rate of dealh-i increase, the a.;sessments required
to meet the demands will become so heavy that
the members «ill refuse to pay them, and the
association will fall to pieces by its own weight,
" Evermore restrain
Evil and cherish i^ood, so bhall tliere be
Another and happier life for thee."
—J. O. Whilller.
A Brief Account of the Life of Daniel Barker.
(Concluded from page 157.)
This letter was written in 1847, while visiting
in Wayne County, Indiana:
" Most Endeared Lydia : —
" How my spirit is made at times to feel for
thee, and to breathe to the God of every good
and perfect gift that He would in his adorable
goodness and mercy be"' ' ''
thy deep exercises and
children, enabling the
and important duty t
mind ; my greatest des
may l)e brought up i
yielding obedience to :
they may be counted '
in the heavenly Jerui
value than all the trt
world. I am firm in t
is kept single unto Hii
feeble eflbrts in this i
I feel the force of the
my preservations. I
think, in a remarkable
and wonderfully born
trials, having seen, as
preparing the way befi
in his mercy, will enab
ing of our souls to Hii
us more abundantly tl
I greatly desire that
may at all times be ob(
er, and mind the thii
by the still waters of Shiloh's peaceful streams
and cause them to lie down in the green pas-
tures of life and salvation ; then may we safelj
trust in Him and He will bring it to pass. 0
dearest one, remember He keepeth those in per
feet peace, whose minds are stayed on Him."
He attended meeting diligently as long as
his bodily strength would admit, and encour
aeed others to do the same. Thp last siv «,
2 BRIEF ACCOUNT OF SARAH S. COLE.
from my youth until now ; but oh ! how hard it is to get humar^
nature under our feet, and to know Christ Jesus to be All ir
all ! Oh ! dear modier, the covenant is now renewed — nevei
I hope to be broken. I believe I have seen my sins swepi
away like froth on the foaming billows ; and I thought I sav
they should not impede my everlasting peace. Oh mother
join me in praising the Lord Jesus! Come life or death, !
feel my will given up to the Lord. Now I do experience wluii
my dear brother Charles wished for me when he prayed ; ' ]
might be more weaned from the world, and be favored to fee
what he felt.' " " Oh ! what a favor," she continued, " if w(
are all called home to that happy place, where no poisonou;
thing shall ever enter to disturb our peace ! 0, peace ! how
has my heart sought thee and through the Lord's great good-
ness, I have found thee I Let us, mother, praise and honoi
Him, the Great Author and Preserver of my being! who, ii
his loving kindness has condescended to visit me, a poor worm
of the dust, and not only has visited but taken me into his
favor."
Her mother saying one day : " My dear child, I am sorry tc
leave thee so much alone." She replied, " Oh mother, do not
say alone, I have had the best of company ! If thou only
knew the sweet union and communion that I have with the'
dear Emanuel at those seasons when thou hast to leave me!
I feel my spirit drawn home to its God — its Saviour. I oflen:
think is it possible such a poor weak worm of the dust can be'
so highly favored? I believe it is partly on thy account dear
mother, that thou mayst be made willing to give me up."
She was often engaged in supplication, and on one occasion
in the following manner : " Oh Lord ! wilt Thou be pleased in
Thy condescending mercy, to strengthen me to bear withi
patience everything which Thou mayst see best to inflict]
until I become prepared and fitted for Thy kingdom ! I think; :
my sufferings light so that I can but win Thee, and Thou wilt be j
pleased to take me for Thy own. Oh most gracious Father!]
look down in mercy upon my aged parents and be pleased!
to support them under every trying dispensation — enable them
to go in and out before my dear little brothers "so as to lead
them in the way of all truth. Oh Father ! touch their tendei
minds a.s with a live coal from oft' the altar — meet them in a
peace and everlasting
in spirit before the L
will concerning you, i
often reading the Scrij
make you wise unto sa
Jesus Christ."
The following letter
ing in Tennessee, on
Meeting, Eighth Mont
" Friend:
" My dearly belove
earthly treasure, with
our aged mother, for ■
bowed before the throi
ing desires for your pi
as for my own, from e\
stroy that peace of m,
lowers of tlie Lamb ol
the sins of the world, t
desire that we may a
resigned to the will ar
enly Father in all th
weakness and inabilit
to that slate of mind
sincerity and truth, N(
Lord, be done. May
fore Him in humility i
edging our weakness £ I
with breathing desires !
and strengthen us with
drawing so in love to ^.^ ^ , .„...^ ,..,.»^„„...g .„ .^v- x ..tu^^, u.iu jociui <
else, that a willingness may be wrought in us them exhorted us to be in the frequent or dail
f,. cm,- ..ffl;„.;„„„ „„,i u u u practice of uttering vocal prayer in our fam;i
lies, without sufficiently calling attention to th'
necessary prerequisite of feeling the Divin
call and preparation for the service. Afte
several had spoken, Daniel arose and relate'
his own experience. When a boy of about fi
teen years of age, he was in a tender frame c
spirit, and when he had been unwatchful aii'
had done anything wrong, he could not be cqit'
fortable without retiring alone and seeking foij
giveness from his Heavenly Father. |
On one such occasion, the thought presente i
to suffer afflictions and bear whatever bereave
ments or tribulations He may see fit to permit,
in order that He may be glorified and we pre-
pared for an inheritance amongst the saints in
light, when done with time here below, remem-
bering that time is short, and eternity hath no
end, and then, I have no doubt, there will be
an experiencing of strength to be given in pro-
portion to every trial, for He knows best what
is best for us, and will do right; and the prom-
ise is, that He w ill never leave nor forsake those,
his humble dependent ones, but will lead them
welfth Mo. 12, 1896
THE FRIEND.
1G3
b his mind, " Why is it that when I pray, it is
llways without the utterance of words? I do
jot speak as the ministers do, when praying in
iieeting." Following out the suggestion, he
nelt down and attemptt-d to otter vocal prayer,
ut although his heart had been full of secret
•etitions, all seemed to disappear, and no ability
■as L'lt to pray with the spirit. This experi-
i„.^ ,..„= of tiret orvmoivKat nlwrlinor tfl hilll. hut
BRIEF ACCOUNT OF SARAH
, narrow place where they cannot turn to tlie right hand nor to
! the left, but cause them fully to surrender unto Thy blessed
! will ; that they may grow in Thy love and fear, and be a com-
[ fort to their parents. Oh Lord ! be pleased in Thy adorable
j goodness to strengthen my mother to give me up with a willing
■ mind. Make her to see it is best for us both as thou hast
mercifully permitted me, and I can say in truth : 'Thy will be
done!'"
Shortly before her decease she dictated a letter to a young
man to whom she w-as engaged to be married, in which she
says : " I must inform thee my time here is almost ended, and I
feel nothing in my way to impede my happiness. The Lord
j in his infinite mercy has been pleased to visit my soul with the
day-spring from on high. Oh ! that it may be thy situation is
it the desire of thy friend who never expects to see thee in this
; ! present world ! But, oh ! that we may meet in the world above
; where sickness and sorrow cease, and the weary soul shall
forever be at rest! O, the sweet peace I have experienced ; it
is worth striving for.
"I have been made renewedly sensible of the importance of
living a Christian life. This to human nature seems to be an
attainment of an high and exalted nature ; but let us not be
discouraged with the dlfBculties which attend the journey
, through this checkered scene ; but let us remember to our com-
fort and consolation that those who earnestly and diligently
■ seek virtue, shall find her. But mark the difference— those
) who do not seek shall not find. Then, O, my dear friend !
hasten, I entreat thee, to become acquainted with true ex-
; perimental religion ! Remember it is to be in this life that
, we must engage in the contest if we would obtain the victory.
: Endeavor to retire, yea, frequently retire in subjuction to know
thyself wholly resisrned and given up to the Lord. Oh! how
I I deceived myself in this respect; I once thought I knew
I myself, but found by painful experience that I could do no
i good thing. But the Lord in the riches of his mercy has been
I pleased to hold forth the sceptre of his love and in his adorable
! goodness hath enabled me to ?ino- his praise as on the banks of
: deliverance. What, oh! what must be the prospect of those
; who never sought God with full purpose of heait ! It is the
whole heart He calls for, and He loves an early sacrifice.
depths of the mine. Nothing could be pur-
chased without a dispute. Over every counter
there was wrangling from morning to niglil.
The workman and his employer had a quarrel
as regularly as the Saturday came round. On
a fair day or a market day the clamors, the re-
proaches, the taunts, the curses, were incessant ;
and it was well no booth was overturned and
no head broken. No merchant would contract
uaking some stipula-
coin in which he was
if business were often
on into which all pe-
Oi'E. 3 thrown. The sitnple
llaged without mercy
lands grew even more
hrank. The price of
■ shoes, of ale, of oat-
)rer found that the bit
received, it was called
, when he wanted to
• a loaf of rye bread,
-Selected.
lith, Sammy Hick.
near York, England,
Whit-Monday in last
a Methodist preacher,
3 endeavoring in the
der and brutality, to
the way of salvation,
igh treatment, a young
rushed to his side, and
ot to touch the preach-
on was Sammy Hick,
A writer in the Chris-
little narrative of his
le became an earnest
id much public favor,
•uthful, honest man-
but an Israeiiteindeed,
itomarily called, expe-
ach the Gospel, but it
) theological training,
one night, he told his
npression on his mind,
sleep again, with the
nder a delusion. Nev-
,0 resist the impression
jld say, " I have only
lermined that it shall
.n who has ten." He
)ntinued to do so until
wronged l)y a relative out of the large sum of
ten thousand dollars, yet he was enabled to say
concerning it, "The los.s never robbed rac of
one hour's sleep. "
Visiting a sick woman once, and giving her
six pence, with which .'ihe seemed to tie wonder-
fully pleased, Iw began to soliloquize, as he left
the sick chamber, " Can .six pence make a poor
creature happy? How many six pences have I
spent on this mouth of mine, by feeding it with
tobacco? I will never take another pii* while
I live, and will give the poor whatever I save
from it."
Having been taken sick, his medical attend-
ant said to him, " You must resume the use of
the pipe, Mr. Hick." "Never more while I
live," he replied. "It is essential to your re-
storation to health, and I cannot be answerable
for consequences should you rtyect the advice
given." " Let come what will," was the firm
answer, " Til never take another pipe. I've
told my son so, and I'll abide by it." " You
will in all probability die then." "Glory be to
(iod for that. I shall go to heaven. I have
made a vow and I'll keep it." He lived several
years after that, his release a happy one, nearly
ills last words being, "Peace, joy, love."
J. W. L.
;elebrated as joyously as ever in the hamlets;
he cream overflowed ths pails in Cheshire;
he apple juice foamed in the presses of Here-
brdsbire; the piles of crockery glowed in the
urnaces of the Trent, and the barrows of coal
•oiled fast along the timber railways of the
lyne. But when the great instruments of ex-
change became thoroughly deranged, all trade,
ill industry, were smitten as with a palsy. The
ivil was felt daily and hourly in almost every
ilace and by almost every class— in the dairy
ind on the threshing floor, by the anvil and by
-he loom, on the billows of the ocean and in the
A Sand-Storm of the American Desert.
That the " Great American Desert " still ex-_
ists, in spite of strenuous ettbrts on the part of
certain politicians, railroad corporations, and
other interested parties to obliterate it from the
maps, is a fact only too well known to many
thousands of disappointed settlers, army people,
prospectors and travellers over certain lines of
railway. Most especially is it in evidence on
the route of the Southern Pacific road, which
traverses its desolation for hundreds of miles,
and whose tank cars for the transportation of
water form an important item of equipment. It
is true that portions of its unproductive lands
are irrigable (at a vast expense), and may thus,
in the distant future, be reclaimed to the uses
of agriculture. At the same time, it is equally
true that wide areas lie so remote from revivify-
ing influences that, unless subjected to radical
climatic changes, they must always remain deso-
late, wind-blown wastes, exhibiting the charac-
teristics and phenomena of all deserts existing
under similar conditions.
With a thunderous roar the sandstorm hurls
itself upon its victims, driving them before it
with irresistible fury. No animate form may
oppose it and live, hut man or beast so ill-fated
as to be caught within its dread radius must
submit to be driven forward like an autumn
leaf, blinded, choked and sorely lashed, until
some sheltering lee is reached, or the fury of
the storm is exhausted. If he stumbles and falls,
or sinks through weakness, he is lost, and the
skeletons of former victims are stripped of their
heated covering to furnish him a sepulchre.
Although the sand-storm is generally of short
duration. It sometimes lasts for hours, and has
been known to rage for days with unabated
fury. While thus exercising its evil powers it
destroys life and changes the whole aspect of
the country over which it sweeps, moving hills
and valley's to new positions, filling dry water-
courses, burying the little oases nourished by
infrequent springs, and obliterating trails. In
the old days of slow-moving wagon trains it was
a menace and a calamity, while even in this era
of railroads, it brings distress and peril to the
.^c.. ...,o ^c -- traveller. It fills the most carefully protected
the circumstance of being I cars with its stifling dust, blocks the track with
him as a man of strong
IS not lacking in good
at distress among the
id, preaching the while,
stance. Being told at
d come, that there was
the locality, and he a
y expressed his belief
3arts of Roman Catho-
..^„ .„ .,.„ „, .,„ oelieving, and praying
as he went, he came into the great man's pres-
ence. Recapitulating some of the scenes of want
and woe which he had seen, Sammy continued,
" I have given away all I had, and am sixty
miles from home, and if I had a toll-gate to go
through I have not a penny to pay my way, and
if something is not done, tlie people will die and
it will bring a judgment upon our land." The
appeal was favorably heard. The man of means
gave a large contribution, and likewise assisted
in a committee of relief.
Among other trials that this man of faith was
called to endure, was
162
THE FRIEND.
strengtheued me in meeting to resist, for I feared
I was seeking mine own honor only. How
despicable 1 aiu ! I feel very thankful and
peaceful to-night, for his mercy to me.
2.1th.— Oh, my precious Lord ! give unto me
some certain evidence that 1 am led by thy
Holy Spirit only. I gave up t^-day to what
eeemed required of me, but thy peace and calm-
ness sometimes seem to be mine, yet again I
doubt.
31st.— This is the last day of the old year.
1 have not always been faithful, but God has
been so good and merciful, I feel his abounding
gooduess this uight. His love fills a soul that
was once so cold. What shall I render unto
thee for all thy benefits? A full and dedicated
heart is all I have to bring.
First Month 1st, 1865.— I felt in meeting to-
day as though all my sins were forgiven, that a
new white robe was given me, and I must try
not to spot it.
8th. — My spirit and mind have not been
enough inward. I am too carnally minded.
Help me, oh, Lord, to be more spiritually
minded, and give me life and ])eace. I must
watch and pray more. For a little while in
meeting this afternoon I felt as if I really loved
God and my Saviour, with all my heart and
mind and soul and strength.
14ih. — I mourn over my want of inwardness
and seeking to enjoy Holy Communion. It
seems as though He was close to me, but I do
not enough seek to sup with ray dear Lord and
Master.
22nd. — A good deal of selfdenial at times,
but not enough dedicated to thee. Lord, my
good and merciful Master. Help me to abide in
tliee continually.
(To be contiuued.)
Fr.vtep.xal Life Ix.sueaxce. — The Chrk-
lian Ci/nofnire contains an article designed to
expose the unsoundness of the ground on which
many of the so-called beneficiary insurance as-
sociations are built. In ordinary life insurance
societie.s, the insured are required to pay an an-
nual premium, which, when properly invested
and the interest received is compounded, will be
sufficient to pay the sum insured, supposing the
individual to live the average length of human
life. Hence, if the society is properly and rightly
managed, there is a reasonable security that the
necessary funds will be forthcoming to pay the
obligations which the society has incurred.
In the fraternal life insurance associations the
amounts requireil to be paid are very small and
form but a small percentage of the sum prom-
ised to be paid. The "Ancient Order of United
Workmen" is perhajis the oldest and largest of
these ai-sociations, and one of its officers esti
mates the amount paid in by each memlier at
two hundred dollars, f(;r which he holds a
tificate for two thousand dollars, payable at his
death. The total membership of the "A. O. U
W." is 362,000. Each holds a certificate of twc
thousand dollars, which makes §724,000,000.
The members who die early and while the order
is rapidly growing, will probably be paid, but
no sen.sible man can suppose that the great bulk
of these obligations will ever be met. As the
rate of deaths increase, the assessments required
to meet the demands will become so heavy that
the memlK-rs will refu.-e to pay them, and the
association will fall to pieces by its own weight.
" Evermore re^train
Evil and cherish Rood, so shall lliere be
Another and happier life for thee."
-J. O. Whltlier.
A Brief Account of the Life of Daniel Barker.
(Concluded from page 157.)
Thisletter was written in 1847, while visiting
in Wayne County, Indiana:
"Most Endeared Lydia : —
" How my spirit is made at times to feel for
thee, and to breathe to the God of every good
and perfect gift that He would in his adorable
goodness and mercy be p'
thy deep exercises and t(
children, enabling thee
and important duty to
mind ; my greatest desii
may be brought up in
yielding obedience to al
they may be counted W'
in the heavenly Jeruss
value than all the trea
world. I am firm in th
is kept single unto Him
feeble effi)rts in this re
I feel the force of the n
ray preservations. I 1
think, in a reraarkable i
and wonderfully borne
trials, having seen, as i
preparing the way befoi
in his mercy, will enabl
ing of our souls to Him
us more abundantly th;
I greatly desire that ;
may at all times be obet
er, and raiud the thini
peace and everlasting 1
in spirit before the Lo
will concerning you, w
often reading the Script
make you wise unto sal
Jesus Christ."
The following letter i
ing in Tennessee, on h
Meeting, Eighth Monti
" Fkien'ds-
" My dearly beloved
earthly treasure, with
our aged mother, for w
bowed before the thron'
ing desires for your pn
as for ray own, from ev-
stroy that peace of mil
lowers of the Lamb of
the sins of the world, tc
desire that we may al
resigned to the will am
enly Father in all thi:
weakness and inability
to that state of mind
sincerity and truth. No
Lord, be done. May v
fore Him in humility
edging our weakness a
with breathing desires
and strengthen us with
drawing so in love to ^^..^ .„ v,.^.^ vi....g
else, that a willingness may be wrought in us
to suffi^r afflictions and bear whatever bereave-
ments or tribulations He may see fit to permit,
in order that He may be glorified and we pre-
pared for an inheritance amongst the saints in
light, when done with time here below, remem-
bering that time is short, and eternity hath no
end, and then, I have no doubt, there will be
an experiencing of strength to be given in pro-
portion to every trial, for He knows best what
is best for us, and will do right ; and the prom-
ise is, that He will never leave nor forsake those,
his humble dependent ones, but will lead them
by the still waters of Shiloh's peaceful streams,
and cause them to lie down in the green pas-
tures of life and salvation ; then may we safely
trust in Him and He will bring it to pass. 0,
dearest one, remember He keepeth those in per-
fect peace, whose minds are stayed on Him."
He attended meeting diligently as long as
his bodily strength would admit, and encour-
afifftd others to do the, same. The last siy c,r
4 BRIEF ACCOUNT OF SARAH S. COLE.
When death, awful death stares them in the face and then,
prepared or not, they must go, dreadful is their situation.
" Oh ! my dear friend make [Christ] thy choice, and thou
never wilt have cause to repent it ; I hope thou wilt not take it
amiss that I invite thee so ardently, earnestly and pressingly
to seek the Lord ; for I am brought to see the necessity of it.
It is the last advice from thy true friend."
She was often exercised in anticipating the hour of death,
fearing she could not bear it quietly. But one morning her
mother coming into the room she clasped her neck, and said :
"O, dear mother, what a precious Father I have ! He has been
pleased in his infinite mercy to remove all my fears ; promising
to be with me in the hour of departure and support me through
all. I think I shall live two days from this. Oh, mother! sit
down and help me to praise God for his many favors towards ;
me ! My pain of body is at times great, but my peace of mind
makes up for all."
The day before her departure she believed her work i
nearly done, and the next morning said to her mother: "Do
not go down to thy breakfast, but let it be brought up, for this
is the last day we shall spend together in this world." She was
asked if she felt more poorly. She replied, " No ! but I feel
convinced this is the last day of my stay here. O, dear
mother ! do give me up willingly. Eemember it is the willing
and obedient that shall be blessed. One request I have to
make— that thou wilt sit by me and not grieve." She then
desired her mother to read to her, which she did until she said it
was enough and that it would be the la.st reading that she should
ever hear. She then lay very quiet and composed, waiting for
the solemn change. Slie slept sw-eetly for a little while and
revived about 12 o'clock, and engaged in fervent supplication j
on behalf of her father and her two little brothers and others, i
and then was just heard to say, "Sweet Jesus, come, and if!
consistent with Thy will, take me to thyself Oh ! yes come I
quickly, I long to give up this body of clay. Without Thee
there is no Balm in Gilead, nor any Physician there! O
sweet Jesus! take me to Thyself! Thou art my precious friend:
— my Saviour." She then quietly departed on the 21st day
of the Sixth Month, 1816.
Published by the Tract Association of Friends, No. 304 Aich Street, Philad'a.
them exhorted us to be in the frequent or daily
practice of uttering vocal prayer in our fami-
lies, without sufficiently calling attention to thf
necessary prerequisite of feeling the Divint
call and preparation for the service. After
several had spoken, Daniel arose and related
his own experience. When a boy of about fif
teen years of age, he was in a tender frame ol
spirit, and when he had been unwatchful and
had done anything wrong, he could not be com
fortable without retiring alone and seeking for-
giveness from his Heavenly Father.
On one such occasion, the thought presented'
iTwelfth Mo. 12, 1896
THE FRIEND.
\r,'i
to his mind, " Why is it that when I pray, it is
■ilvvays without the utterance of words? I do
lot speaii as the miuisters do, when praying in
iieetiiij,'." Following out the suggesiiou, he
cnelt down and attempted to offer vocal prayer,
)ut although his heart had been full of secret
petitions, ail seemed to disappear, and no ahility
vas felt to pray with the spirit. This esperi-
nce was at first somewhat puzzling to him, but
t was soon shown to him that although in raeet-
ng persons might be led to pray vocally in order
hat those present might be impressed with the
olemnity of the occasion, yet that words were
lot necessary for communicating with that Ba-
ng who knows the very thoughts and intents
if the heart.
The sense of comfort and relief which this
hort communication conveyed, endeared the
lid man to me, and this feeling was further
trengthened a few years after, when at North
Carolina Yearly Meeting, by a visit to his home.
\.t the Boarding School, where we had pre-
iously tarried, there were many strangers, some
)f whom were advocates of practices inconsistent
vith the former usages of the Societ}'. The
hange from this atmosphere to the quiet peace
hat prevailed in D. B's household, was most
jrateful. It was like escaping from a rough
vilderness to smooth pastures. — Ed.]
Mac.\ul.\y, in the twenty-first chapter of his
'History of England," has a long account of
,he distress caused by the disorders of the cur-
•ency in the reign of William III, and their
!orrection by Parliament under the advice of
S^ewton and Locke. After giving the facts in
iletail, he says :
■ "The evils produced by this state of the cur-
ency were not such as have generally been
bought worthy to occupy a prominent place in
listory. Yet it may well be doubted whether
ill the misery which had been inflicted on the
English nation in a quarter of a century by
)ad kings, bad ministers, bad parliaments and
3ad judges was equal to the misery caused in a
iingle year by bad crowns and bad shillings.
Those events which furnish the best themes for
lathetic or indignant eloquence are not always
hose which most affect the happiness of the
jreat body of the people. The raisgovernment
)f Charles and James, gross as it had been, had
lot prevented the common business of life from
|oing steadily and prosperously on. While the
3onor and independence of the State were sold
0 a foreign power, while chartered rights were
nvaded, while fundamental laws were violated,
lundreds of thousands of quiet, honest and in-
iustrious families labored and traded, ate their
ueals and lay down to rest in comfort and se-
3urity. Whether Whigs or Tories, Protestants
jr Jesuits, were uppermost, the grazier drove
lis beasts to market, the grocer weighed out his
jurrants, the draper measured out his broad-
cloth, the hum of buyers and sellers was as loud
is ever in the towns; the harvest home was
celebrated as joyously as ever in the hamlets;
:he cream overflowed the pails in Cheshire;
;he apple juice foamed in the presses of Here
:ordshire; the piles of crockery glowed in the
'urnaces of the Trent, and the barrows of coal
•oiled fast along the timber railways of the
Tyne. But when the great instruments of ex-
change became thoroughly deranged, all trade,
ill industry, were smitten as with a palsy. The
evil was felt daily and hourly in almost every
place and by almost every class — in the dairy
ind on the threshing floor, by the anvii and by
;he loom, on the billows of the ocean and in tlie
depths of the mine. Nothing could be pur-
chased without a dispute. Over every counter
there was wrangling from morning to night.
The workman and his employer had a quarrel
as regularly as the Saturday came round. On
a fair day or a market day the clamors, the re-
proaches, the taunts, the curses, were incessant;
and it was well no booth was overturned and
no head broken. No merchant would contract
to deliver goods without making some stipula-
tion about the quality of coin in which he was
to be paid. Even men of business were often
bewildered by the confusion into which all pe-
uniary transactions were thrown. The simple
and the careless were pillaged without mercy
by extortioners whose demands grew even more
rapidly than the money shrank. The price of
the necessaries of life, of shoes, of ale, of oat-
meal, rose fast. The laborer found that the bit
of metal which, when he received, it was called
a shilling, would hardly, when he wanted to
purchase a pot of beer or a loaf of rye bread,
go as far as a sixpence." — Selected.
The Village Blacksmith, Sammy Hick.
On the fair ground, near York, England,
upon a certain, so-called Whit-Monday in last
century, John Burdsall, a Methodist preacher,
a helper of Wesley, was endeavoring in the
midst of scenes of disorder and brutality, to
declare to the ungodly the way of salvation.
Being threatened with rough treatment, a young
man of powerful build rushed to his side, and
warned the rude crowd not to touch the preach-
er. The latter's champion was Sammy Hick,
the village blacksmith. A writer in the Chris-
tian Standard, giving a little narrative of his
life, says of him, that " he became an earnest
Christian, and soon gained much public favor,
for he was an upright, truthful, honest man —
no sham or make-believe, but an Israelite indeed,
in whom there is no guile."
Sammy, as he was customarily called, expe-
rienced a concern to preach the Gospel, but it
came as the result of no theological training.
Waking from his sleep one night, he told his
wife what was the deep impression on his mind,
but she bade him go to sleep again, with the
intimation that he was under a delusion. Nev-
ertheless, he was unable to resist the impression
of assured duty, and would say, " I have only
one talent, but I am determined that it shall
never be given to the man who has ten." He
began to preach, and continued to do so until
he died.
The account speaks of him as a man of strong
faith, as also one who was not lacking in good
works. In a time of great distress among the
working-classes of England, preaching the while,
he gave away all his substance. Being told at
the place to which he had come, that there was
but one wealthy man in the locality, and he a
Roman Catholic, Sammy expressed his belief
that the Lord had the hearts of Roman Catho-
lics in his hand, and so believing, and praying
as he went, he came into the great man's pres-
ence. Recapitulating some of the scenes of want
and woe which he had seen, Sammy continued,
•' I have given away all I had, and am sixty
miles from home, and if I had a toll-gate to go
through I have not a penny to pay my w^ay, and
if something is not done, the people will die and
it will bring a judgment upon our land." The
appeal was favorably heard. The man of means
gave a large contribution, and likewise assisted
in a committee of relief.
Among other trials that this man of faith was
called to endure, was the circumstance of being
wronged by a relative out of the large sum of
ten thou-and dollars, yet he was enabled to fcay
concerning it, " The los.s never robbed me of
one hour's sleep. "
Visiting a sick woman once, and giving her
six [jence, with which she seemed to Ije wonder-
fully i)leased, Ike began to solilocpiiiie, as he left
the sick chamber, "Can six pence make a poor
creature happy"? How many six pences have I
spent on this mouth of mine, by fewling it with
tobacco"? I will never take another pijie while
I live, and will give the poor whatever I save
from it."
Having been taken sick, his medical attend-
ant jaid to him, " You must resume the use of
the pipe, Mr. Hick." "Never more while I
live," he replied. "It is essential to your re-
storation to health, and I cannot be answerable
for consequences should you reject the advice
given." "Let come what will," was the firm
answer, "I'll never take another pipe. I've
told my son so, and I'll abide by it." "You
will in all probability die then." "Glory be to
(jod for that. I shall go to heaven. I have
made a vow and I'll keep it." He lived several
years after that, his release a happy one, nearly
ills last words being, "Peace, joy, love."
J. W. L.
A Sand-Storm of the American Desert.
That the " Great American Desert " still ex-
ists, in spite of strenuous etf"orts on the part of
certain politicians, railroad corporations, and
other interested parties to obliterate it from the
maps, is a fact only too well known to many
thousands of disappointed settlers, army people,
prospectors and travellers over certain lines of
railway. Most especially is it in evidence on
the route of the Southern Pacific road, which
traverses its desolation for hundreds of miles,
and whose tank cars for the transportation of
water for.m an important item of equipment. It
is true that portions of its unproductive lands
are irrigable (at a vast expense), and may thus,
in the distant future, be reclaimed to the uses
of agriculture. At the same time, it is equally
true that wide areas lie so remote from revivify-
ing influences that, unless subjected to radical
climatic changes, they must always remain deso-
late, wind-blown wastes, exhibiting the charac-
teristics and phenomena of all deserts existing
under similar conditions.
With a thunderous roar the sand-storm hurls
itself upon its victims, driving them before it
with irresistible fury. No animate form may
oppose it and live, but man or beast so ill-fated
as to 'oe caught within its dread radius must
submit to be driven forward like an autumn
leaf, blinded, choked and sorely lashed, until
some sheltering lee is reached, or the fury of
the storm is exhausted. If he stumbles and falls,
or sinks through weakne.~s, he is lost, and the
skeletons of former victims are strip]ied of their
heated covering to furnish him a sepulchre.
Although the sand-storm is generally of short
duration, it sometimes lasts for hours, and has
been known to rage for days with unabated
fury. While thus exercising its evil powers it
destroys life and changes the whole aspect of
the country over which it sweeps, moving hills
and valleys to new positions, filling dry water-
courses, burying the little oases nourished by
infrequent springs, and obliterating trails. In
the old days of slow-moving wagon trains it was
a menace and a calamity, while even in this era
of railroads, it brings distress and peril to the
traveller. It fills tiie most carefully protected
cars with its stifling dust, blocks the track with
164
THE FRIEND.
Twelfth Mo. 12, ]
heavy drifta, cuts down telegraph poles with its
rasp of flinty panicles, grinds clear glass into
opaqueness, and in a thousand ways renders life
miserable and a harden.— Harper's Weekly.
THE LICHEN.
HENRY BCRTON.
I hear the bleating of the flock,
The curlew's cry upon the wold,
Yet heed them not, but lay uiy gold
Upon the scarped face of the rock.
Y( u live Tonr threescore years, and then
The wiiling hands, the lighted face
Are covereil o'er in Death's embrace ;
Such are the little lives of men.
Over the centuries of years
My life, a golden current, runs ;
Nor do I cnunt the setting suns —
My life is linked with vaster spheres.
I spin my little threads, and make
A ladder of the braided light:
And Bethel's angels, in the night.
Come down to speak to souls that wake.
Out on the farthest marge I stand ;
My bridge of golden chains I throw
Across the dark abyss below ;
I take in mine the dead world's hand,
And say, " O dead earth, rise and live !
My voice is but the Master's cal I ,
The Life of life who made us all-
Wake from thyself, and learn to give !"
Seest thou the harvest in the shock ?
The orchards in the plain below !
I turned my silent wheel, and lo !
The loam fell off' the granite rock.
I live that higher life may be;
I teach llie heather bells to ring,
I help the summer fielils lo sing,
I wake the humming of the bee.
So leave me on my lonely wold ;
And if my service be not much,
I still can brighten all I touch,
And turn the dullest gray to gold.
— Chi istian Advocate.
For "The Friend."
Niagara Falls Utilized.
The announcement has been made by the
public pres:^, within the past week, that electric
cars are running on the streets of Buflalo, by
power transmitted from the falling water of the
great cataract, twenty-seven miles distant. This
achievement of modern science may be ranked
as the crowning triumph of the age. A brief
sketch of some of the prominent features of the
work will probably interest the readers of The
Friend. The facts are collected from the Scien-
tific American and Applelon sCyclopedia of 1894.
In 1886 the Legislature of New York char-
tered the Niagara Falls Power Company to use
the water drawn from above the Falls on the
American side, by a canal which should turn
the turbine wheels, located at the bottom of a
l)it about one hundred and fifty feet deep under
this canal, for running factories and other com-
mercial purposes. At this date electric machin-
ery for transmitting power was in its infancy,
and it is only within the past five )'ears that
the inventive genius of man has perfected the
apparatus which give a new and wider scope
to the use of Niagara's latent energy. The
of knowledgs deep before attempting to con-
company thus formed, laid their foundations
struct any physical works, by appointing a
commission of the most eminent scientific men
and practical engineers in the United States
and Europe, to devise plans. Among them
were Dr. Coleman Sellers, of Phila., Sir Wm.
Thompson, of England, Theo. Turrettini, of Ge-
neva, and others. They oftered a prize of twenty-
five hundred dollars for the best scheme, and
several of one thousand dollars each for subor-
dinate plans. The work was begun in 1890,
and has only been completed this year. It
consists of a canal starting from the bank of the
Niagara River, a few miles above the cataract,
one hundred and ten feet wide at the riverside,
one hundred and eighty feet at its lower end,
and fourteen hundred feet long. Here the
power-house is built, and on the side of the canal
next it are fourteen gates for the water to flow
from, whence it falls through immense vertical
iron tubes, seven feet in diameter, called " pen-
stocks," one hundred and forty feet in depth,
to the turbine wheels at the bottom of the tun-
nel, which is cut from this point to the river
below the Falls, near the Clifton bridge. This
tunnel is shaped like a horse-shoe, twenty-one
feet high, about nineteen feet wide at its greatest
diameter, two hundred feet below the surface
of the ground, and seven thousand feet long.
It is lined with brick throughout, and eased at
the lower end for a distance of ninety-five feet
with steel plates, to prevent the erosion of the
water, which rushes through it at the rate of
twenty miles au hour.
The turbine wheels attached to each " pen-
stock" are designed to develop five thousand
horse power each, under a head of one hundred
and forty feet of water, and with two hundred
and fifty revolutions in a minute. These wheels
turn a vertical shaft which runs from them up
to the surface of the ground in the "power-
house ;" and to the top of this shaft are geared
the wheels and belts which turn the dynamos
and other machinery. The shaft is made of
steel tubing, thirty inches in diameter, and with
the machinery placed upon it, weighs one hun-
dred and fifty thousand pounds.
Any one can realize how difficult an engi-
neering problem it must have been to support
this immense weight at the bottom, with the
addition of the column of water, whilst revolv-
ing two hundred and fifty times a minute. The
hardest steel block on which it would rest and
revolve, would be bored through in a short
time, unless a part of the superincumbent pres-
sure could be uplifted. This has been eflTected
by a very ingenious device. The steel shaft is
not placed inside the " penstock," down which
the water falls, but near by it. The two disks
of the turbines, upon which the blades or buck-
ets are fastened, are placed one at the bottom
and the other at the top of a cylindrical case
or drum. The water from the "penstock" is
admitted into this drum at the side, near the
bottom of it. The greater part of the water
rises by the immense hydraulic pressure, and
forces itself through the upper turbine disks
and buckets, //jTw bearing up the weight ofihe
Khaft, whilst it performs its allotted task of driv-
ing the revolutions of the machinery at the same
time. The other part of the water falls to the
bottom of the drum, and drives the lower tur-
bine wheel, the two co-operating to the same
end. The turbines were built by the I. P. Mor-
ris (Icmipany, of Philadelphia.
The total horse power of Niagara Falls has
been computed at nearly seven millions. This
is estimated as being equal to the consumption
of sixty-five thousand tons of coal per day. The
tunnel now built is capable of delivering a flow
of water sufficieut to generate one hundred and
twenty thousand horse power. Ten wheels and
dynamos arc'rcatly to operate. They are said
to be capable of running all the manufacturing
plants of Buff'alo.
The most important problem for the financial
success of this collossal undertaking is its ability
to transmit the energy gathered in the power-
house to distant cities without too great waste
on the way. In 1878 Sir Wm. Siemens stated
that there would be sixty per cent, of loss in
transmitting one thousand horse power by elec-
tricity over a distance of thirty miles, but since
that date electrical science and construction
have made vast strides, so that much better re-
sults have been obtained ; and it is estimated
by some experts that power can be economically
conveyed from the Niagara works to Albany
for lighting that city or running manufactories.
A statement appeared in the Ledger on the
twenty-first instant that the experimental test
made by the Buffalo Street Railway Company,
on two of its lines, of the electric power from
the Niagara Power Co., has proved so successful
that the power will be gradually extended to
other lines of the system. This seems to give
a practical solution to the question of trans-
mission so far as thirty miles.
The public generally are perhaps as much
interested in the question of the esthetic effect
of these uses of the waters of Niagara on the
grand scenery, which gives the spot a world-
wide celebrity, and inspires a jealousy on the
part of all lovers of nature lest commercial cu
ftidity should rob us of a heritage of sublimity
and beauty which every American claims
share in. Curtis Brown, writing in the Cosmo-
politan for the Ninth Month of 1894, says: "No
one visiting the Niagara Falls reservations when
these enterprises are fairly begun, or half a
dozen years from now, when perhaps they wi"
be fully developed, would find any outward
and visible sign of them, except the mills along
the hydraulic canal basin, which for years have
formed part of the view from the Victoria Park
There is little danger also to the Falls them-
selves. The vast mass of water speeding ovei
the precipice will sufl^er but little diminution,
three-quarters of a foot perhaps, not more."
John Bogart, State Engineer of New Yorlf
estimated that the tunnel above alluded to would
reduce the depth of the water at the crest ol
the American Falls about one inch and four-
fifths; and the five hundred thousand horse
power requireti for both Companies now incor-
porated, will take about nine inches from the
depth of the water, when running to their full
capacity, so that there would be no obvious dif-
ference in the appearance of the Cataract to an
observer.
While the harnessing of the mighty energies
of the waters of Niagara by means of the tur-
bine wheel and its applied mechanism, for the
service of man, seems wonderful to contemplate,
yet it is so much in line with the means we are
familiar with in the force of gravity, that it fails
to excite our admiration, in comparison with
the subtle power of the electrical and magnetic
influences set in motion to supplement and carry
out the former. We can see the ritsh uf water,
but not the electric current that speeds with
almost infinitely greater velocity through a
small wire, carrying with it the concentrated
strength of the great cataract to the distant
points, whence it can best serve the wants ol
humanity. The Dynamo is the agent which
effects this transmission. Let us look a little
into the philosophical principles and mechani.-ra
which enter into the composition of this latest
triumph of human invention.
If we magnetize a needle by <lrawiDg it acroff
fwelfth Mo. 12, 1896
THE FRIEND.
165
1 loaiistone or natural magnet, and suspend it
by a thread tied around the middle, it will point
north and south. Talie a spool and wind around
lit tine wire covered with sill? or cotton. Sus-
pend tlie magnetized needle so that one end of
It will be near, but not touching, the open end
of the spool of wire. Then by an electrical
battery send a current of electricity through
the wire around the spool, and that will make
the coil an electro-magnet, which will attract
the north end of the needle to it. If the other
3nd of the needle, or south pole, be then brought
near the end of the spool, it will be repelled by
it. This simple apparatus will give us an illus-
tration of the principle on which the dynamo
acts.
I The machinery is complex, but its operation
all depends upon the revolution of large coils
if insulated wire, around a magnet always at
right angles to its length. Currents of electric-
ity are excited in the coil as it revolves rapidly
by the poles of the magnet, first in one direction
as it jiasses the North pole, then in the reverse
direction as it passes the South pole; but by a
very ingenious contrivance for shifting the con-
tact of the ends of the wires as they pass the
poles in the revolution of the coils, a continuous
current in one direction is propelled through
the carrying wire.
The vertical shaft that reaches up from the
tunnel under the power-house at Niagara, is
set whirling by the rush of the waters through
the turbine wheels at its base ; its motion drives
•the great coils of copper wire in the dynamo
in tlieir revolutions around the enclnsed magnet
with tremendous velocity, transmitting a pow-
erful current of electric force to the wires
•stretched to distant places, ever drawing from
•the earth below a supply of magnetism to do
the bidding of busy men.
In thus reviewing the works of man, and
admiring the inventive skill displayed through
itheni, let us not fail to look beyond his finite
■powers to trace them up to the infinite Source
of all wisdom, with humble gratitude to the
Creator of every good and perfect gift ; reraem-
ibering that as the engine is motionless without
ithe steam, and the dynamo inert until the mag-
inetic impulse is drawn from the earth, so the
ihuman brain is powerless unless endowed with
energy from the Divine hand, and upheld every
;moment by his power.
The votaries of science and skill are ever
most to be admired when they exhibit the pious
■humility of that prince of scientists, Sir Isaac
■Newton, who valued the Bible above all other
books, and near the close of life compared him-
self to a child gathering a few pebbles on the
sea shore, whilst the great ocean of truth lay
undiscovered before him.
Chaklhb Rhoads.
Haddonfield, Eleventh Mo., 1896.
Ci< luDNESs AND USEFULNESS. — Goodness con-
ditions usefulness. A grimy hand may do a
gracious deed, but a bad heart cannot. What
a man says, and what a man is, must stand to-
gether,— must consist. His life can ruin his lips,
or fill them with power. It is what men see
that gives value to what we say. Paul had the
right order, "Take heed unto thyself, and unto
the doctrine." Being comes before saying or
doing. Well may we pray, "Search me, O
God ! Reveal me to myself. Cleanse me from
secret faults, that those who are acquainted with
me, who know my down-sittings and my upris-
ings, may not see in me the evil way that gives
the lie to mv words." — Selected.
The Church and the Theatre.
By Newman Ilall (of Lciiilou) iis re|iorleil in Cliris-
lian Literature and Review of the Cluirciie'i.
I am here to affirm that the theatre of the
present day as a whole is calculated to do moral
injury both to performers and spectators, and
therefore should not receive the sanction of the
Christian Church.
I know what will be urged in opposition to
this the.sis. That we are born with a natural
love of dramatic representation. That the thea-
tre cannot be driven out of the world as long
as multitudes crave the pleasure. That the
Christian Church should therefore try to im-
prove and render harmless what is neither de-
sirable nor possible to destroy. My reply is
addressed not to those who regard pleasure as
supreme, but who confess Christ as King, who
for his sake are willing to deny themselves un-
necessary pleasure rather than injure their own
spiritual interests, or those of others. I have
no personal antipathy to the drama, to the
Greek tragedies, and the plays of Shakespeare.
Nor have I any personal knowledge of the thea-
tre.
But my father in his youth frequently acted
at theatres, and when he became a Christian
his whole soul revolted against the theatre as
he had known it. He then became the pro-
prietor of the best country newspaper in Kent,
and to show his ojfinion of theatres, he would
not advertise the theatrical companies which
came to Maidstone. It was a great sacrifice,
for the theatres pay very well.
My brother Arthur, who is one of the most
devoted clergymen I ever met, as a young man
in London, was frequently at theatres, and knows
all about them, and has been behind the scenes
and in the front. He is as strongly opposed to
theatrical presentations as my fal;her was. What
I refer to now is the present stage, not to the
theatre of former days. . .
Now there are practical difiiculties in con-
nection with the carrying on of the stage. The
theatre is a place of amusement; it does not
profess to be a place of instruction. To make
it pay the rent of the building and the cost of
the company, it requires continual attendance,
or else it does not pay ; therefore there must
be a great motive to please, not the minority,
but the masses. Secondly, there is a difficulty
ill providing an entertainment to suit the masses.
Professor Henry Morley says that almost all
the plays represented in London are translations
from the French, and that this ought not to be is
very obvious. A critic in a secular paper says :
"The plays frequently offered are thoroughly
Parisian, with personages so objectionable and
incidents so gross, that it excites surprise that
they haveescaped thecensureof theLord Cham-
berlain."
Mr. Burnand.agreat play-writer, in the Fort-
nightly, says, " It is simply impossible for a girl
to enter the theatre, and to prepare to be an
actress, without all her moral senses being shocked
at once, and if afterwards she feels more easy
about it, it simply proves her deterioration."
I now wish to speak of the influence of the
play on the actors themselves. Garrick boasted
that he so entered into the vile character he
assumed, as to feel that it was he himself. Dr.
Johnson said, "If you really feel such a mon-
ster, you ought to be hanged every time you
perform it." Mrs. Siddons, who was a great
actress, when her sister married a respectable
man, though poor, said, " Thank, God, she is
off the stage." I do not at all say that all actors
are immoral. But there is a danger, and it can
be said of very few. Ros.»eau said, " I observe
in general that actors are men of bad morals
ami given to low practices, and actres.ses lead
a lotjse life." Is that very improbable? On
the stage, is not what is falsely called love pre-
sented as a man and woman kissing one anoth-
er, and is not that likely to deteriorate their
sense of modesty ? What is one of the princi-
pal attractions of the theatre at the present
day? Is it not women scarcely dres.sed, or
dressed so as to represent nudity? Are not
women presented in men's attire, and men in
women's attire, and is not that calculated to
unsex the individual so acting?
A lady who was well introduced to me, and
who had been a leading singer at a leading
church, and had a fine voice, came from America
for the purpose of preparing for the theatrical
profession. She thought she could be an actress
without injury, but she told nie she could not
get on. She could not get put into the leading
parts. Unless a lady had plenty of money to
purchase a position, or unless she was willing
to sell herself to the patron of that theatre, she
had no chance. So she gave up her idea and
went back to America again.
Actresses, says an author of repute, have won
rapturous applatise from whole generations of
men, who consider that, where their pleasure is
involved, no risks of life or honor are too great
for women to run. Jly brother Arthur had a
conversation with an actor who had become a
religious man. In fact he could not go on with
his profession. All day his mind was filled with
ccstumes, face-painting and grimaces. He had
no peace until he gave up his profession. He
sptjke to my brother of the late hours, the long
rehearsals from twelve to four, the constant
flirting, the frequent familiarity with the actress-
es in all sorts of costume, having to go to a great
distance after the theatre was over, the profes-
sion of love to each (Jther in the family of actors
leading to evil. Could a converted man toler-
ate that?
Dumas, the French novelist, in answer to
some critic about plays, said, " You are right
not to take your daughter to see my play, but
you should not take her to see the theatre at
all. The theatre, being a picture or satire of
social manners, must ever be immoral, the so-
cial manners themselves being immoral." I re-
member reading a defense of the theatre by a
theatrical manager. He was accused of putting
on the boards things which youns people should
not see. He replied, "Certainly, we play for
men and women ; we represent the world as it
is; as it is, it is not fit for the young."
I know a gentleman who was the editor of
one of our leading daily papers, a goodly man.
He resigned. I asked him why. He told me
it was because of the continual advertisements
of the theatre, and the favorable comment always
made by the theatrical critic. He could not
stop the" advertisements as editor, and therefore
he gave up a very lofty and lucrative ptjsition,
because of the character of the theatres, and
the way thev were advertised and praised in
the London newspapers. Very seldom have I
seen an editor acting as a censor of the theatre,
as they very often do of the pulpit, and denounce
and condemn theatres of an immoral character.
Then, as to the influence on actors. In the
book of essays called " Obiter Dicta," there is
a reference to Tom Davies, and the point is that
the profession of an actor demands that a man
must destrov his own identity. Dr. Johnson
once said to Tom Davie-. " Tom, what are you
to-night ?" "That is difficult to answer," said
16G
THE FRIEND.
Twelfth Mo. 12, 1896
Tom, "with any true sense of human dignity.
The doctor prescribes fun. Fancy being every
night taken as a safe prescription for the blues,
to adopt as a trade making people laugh by
delivering for one hundred nights another man's
jokes in a costume which the author of the jokes
would blush to be seen in. " That seems un-
worthy of a man of character.
Although I have not been to theatres, I have
had something to do with those who have been.
A lady— a remarkably gifted actress— came
one day to mv church. ' She became convinced
of the Bible truth, and, after great trouble and
difficulty from her friends, she renounced her
Romanism and became a Bible Christian. She
continued to attend theatres. I did not press
her to give it up. I never preach against this
sort of thing; I alwa3-s preach Christ. But at
last she did give it up. I asked her how it was
she had given up a lucrative profession. It was
not, she said, through anything she had read or
heard. But in her own room, and on her knees,
she had praj-ed to become holy, humble, and
pure. " I went to the theatre," she said, " but
I never would take an immoral part. But I
had to act, and be for the time what I was act-
ing. I felt I could not be one thing at one
time and another at another time, and so I have
given up my theatre." Montague Stanley was a
great performer, but he became a Christian, and
then g'ave up the profession, and perfected him-
self in drawing to support his wife and family.
My argument is that it deteriorates actors
and actresses. We cannot lawfully take pleas-
ure in any performance that does them injury.
The theatre, as at present carried on, must be
injurious to a large multitude of young people.
Mothers can hardly like to take their young
sons and daughters to see the scenes of semi-
nudity and immodesty at some of our theatres.
It is a pleasure .=o doubtful, that we Christian
jieople ought to be willing to sacrifice the pleas-
ure in order that we shall not be partakers of
that which to so many is si injurious. We
should live as those in the constant presence of
Him who has said, "I am with you always,"
and do those things which are well pleasing in
his sight. — Frif^nd-i IiitcUigencer.
Water Baptism and the Supper.
T.) the Editor ni The London. Friend.
Deaf. Fuiend. — The longer I live in a heath-
en land, and the more I watch the effect of these
so-called Christian rites upon native converts,
the more I am convinced from the formality,
bitterness, schisms, and often sin, which they
give rise to, that they are not of God, and that
it is ray duty to teach that they are not.
Of late years much has been said and written
by thoughtful ami often holy men of God about
the evil.s, the social and religious separations,
even amongst the professing followers of our
L')rd and Saviour, not to speak of the bondage
in this life, caused by the man -made ceremonials
of the Christian Church. And yet with such a
history as that Church po.s3e.s?e.s, its members
seem oblivious to the consequences of the teach-
ing and practice of those ceremonials, which
are spreading the wide world over, covering the
light anil life of Christ in the hearUs and lives
of those to whom the Gospel is preached.
What appeared lately about the ".silent sub-
tle workings of the Romanist and the Ritualist"
is indeed true. It said in the ChriMinn, " It
seems to us that the greatest danger lies in the
oblivion of all danger on the part of the Prot-
estant Churches." We, as sharers in the ines-
timable blessings of the Reformation, ought to
be ashamed of this state of things. It is not
only the fasciuatiug rites and ceremonies of the
Greek, Roman and Ritualistic churches which
are the causes of stumbling to precious souls,
but our Protestant, evangelical and Non-con-
formist Churches are doing harm by the teach-
ing and practice of water baptism and the sup-
per, as Divinely-appointed rites of the Christian
Church ; when all who are prepared to lay aside
their preconceived views, and to accept the light
given to us in these latter days, must see these
rites have not come to us from our Lord. Ne-
ander tells us that " Many of those who joined
the Church, bringing their pagan notions with
tnem into Christianity, sought in baptism a
magical lustration which could render them at
once entirely pure. Their longing after recon-
ciliation with God remained covered under a
grossly material form, and they sought in Christ,
not a Saviour from sin, but a bestower of an
outward and magical annihilation of it."
It is cheering to read such a bold statement
as John Bradford, of Wadham College, Oxford,
made in his sermon entitled " One baptism,"
when he said, " That God did send John to bap-
tize with water is admitted, but I deny that
Christ ever did send any one to baptize with
water. This is coming to the point. Here I
stand and challenge any man to show me when
and where Christ ever commanded any one to
baptize with water." And yet, strange to say,
intelligent men who read their Bibles, in spite
of the distinct statement of the inspired word
that there is but "one baptism" (Eph. iv: 6),
which John (John i : 23), our Lord (Acts i : 5),
Peter (Acts xi : 16), distinctly contrast with
"John's water baptism," "add to the prophecy
of this book," and put the word " water" into
our Lord's great commission to his Church in
Matt, xxviii: 19, Mark xvi: 16. They must
know that these " divers baptisms, carnal ordi-
nances (rites and ceremonies), were only im-
posed until a time of reformation" (Heb. ix: 10),
and that Jesus, the world's great Reformer,
"blotted out the bond written in ordinances,
which was contrary to us, and He hath taken
it out of the way, nailing it to the cross" (Col.
ii : 14). How strange, I say, when they must
know that there was " a disannulling of the
[carnal, v. 16] commandment going before for
the weakness and unprofitableness thereof"
(Heb. vii : 17), and have experienced the bless-
edness of being " buried with Him by baptism
unto death" (Rom. vi : 4), that they should lust
after the "beggarly elements."
It is cheering also to read what Archbishop
Whateley has the boldness to say about the ob-
servance of "The Supper," "that it is both
paradoxical and superstitious, and therefore a
stumbling-block to the progress of Christianity."
These are but echoes of the teaching of many
good men who have had the courage to declare
their convictions and have dared to differ from
the fashionable teaching of the day.
If our Lord and Master were visibly to ap-
pear in our Churches now, as "a teacher sent
from God," would it be in the costume of a
modern parson sprinkling with water at the
"sacred font?" Would He be found taking
part in the immersions in water of adults?
Would He be found, in this the nineteenth
century, taking part in a defunct Jewish feast?
No, but we should hear again his rebuke of
Mark vii : 7, 8 ; " Howbeit, in vain do they
worship Me, teaching for doctrines the com-
mandments of man. For laying aside the com-
mandment of God, ye hold the tradition of men."
How sad it is, then, that those who love their
Saviour, who preach his Gospel in our meeting-
houses, who teach his holiness at our conven-
tions, do not shake ofl' these traditions of men
which are causes of stumbling to so many souls.
If they have not the courage to give up these
things, " whereby their brother stumbleth, or is
offended, or is made weak" (Rom. xiv : 2), they
at least should acknowledge that they are not
of Divine origin, and thus free themselves from
the responsibility of leading men by their si-
lence to think they are God-given, and hence
binding upon them.
The teaching and practice of water baptism
and the supper have been, and still are, causes
of bitterness amongst those who should be one
in Christ Jesus, and deluded souls are substi-
tuting these shadows for the "one Lord, one
faith, one baptism." They are accepting the
letter, and rejecting the Spirit which giveth
life. I heard with sorrow lately of some Chris-
tians brought up as " Friends," asking how it
was that such men as Andrew Murray, F. B.
Meyer, whose writings had been such a spiritual
blessing to them, taught and practised water
baptism, and the partaking of bread and wine,
as Divinely-appointed rites of the Christian
Church. Westcott and Hort, in their Greek
New Testament of 1890, give their reasons for
pronouncing the words in Luke xxii: 19,20,
"this do in remembrance of Me," to be proba-
bly a very early interpolation (see Appendix
pp : 63, 63). It is refreshing to hear the testi-
mony of such as Hannah \Vhitall Smith, who
have formerly been led to practice water bap-
tism and the supper, and who have now given
them up again, that they might not come be-
tween them and their Lord. — Elbert S. Clarke, ;
m The London Friend.
Natural History, Science, etc.
Modified Flora. — The nyika is a broad zone
lying west of the coastal plain of East Africa.
The soil is sandy and porous; and water is
scarce except daring the rainy seasons. Most
of the zone is occupied by thin thorn scrub.
During the rainy season, however, a change
comes for a while over the nyika. The whole
country is then sodden with moisture, the paths
which have generally been worn into hollows,
are occupied by streams; the valleys are con-
verted into swamps. The vegetation suddenly
appears to wake up: the baobabs burst into
flower and then into leaf; the grass becomes
green ; creepers climb over the acacias and covei
them with a mass of large white flowers, among
which the convolvulus is especially conspicuous
But as soon as the rains cease, the nyika revert'
to its normal condition. The grass withers, th(
undergrowth dies and disappears, prairie fires
break out and sweep across the country, anc
the traveller has to march for days over charred
blackened wastes, which a month before had
been green with turf and gorgeous with flowers
The most remarkable feature in the flora of th(
nyika is its specialization to resist dessicatioi
and death during long periods of drought. I
is modified to enable it to survive the hot, dr]
season in four different ways, each based on thi
principle of reducing the loss of moisture ii
transpiration." The simplest contrivance is tha
adopted by the baobab (Adansonia), the leave
of which remain on the tree only during tb
rainy season. A second plan is used by man"
of the acacias, in which the leaves are reduce*
to mere spines or needles, the fleshy tissue bein:
lost, and only the veins or " vascular bundles
left. A third arrangement for the same end i
velfth Mr
THE FRIEND.
1G7
;he reduction of the surface of the leaf in pro-
Dortiou to its mass ; thus the leaf becomes thick
-.nd succulent, and the number of " stoniata "
lor pores through which njoisture can escape),
lessened, as in the fibre-yielding plants, such as
he aloe. The last and extreme method is the
sntire disappearance of the leaves, which are
Represented only by thorns and spines, while
espiration is effected by the green, succulent
item. The loss of moisture from the plant is
herefore greatly reduced, for the surface on
\hicli it can take place is small in comparison
vith that exposed on a leaf-bearing tree. The
Dlant secures, in fact, a minimum of surface
rvith a maximum of mass. The thick, succulent
items, moreover, contain special stores of mois-
ure, and reservoirs of milky juice or " latex,"
vhich, being conBned in special vessels or elon-
gated cells, can only escape by the slow escape
Df exosraosis. The plants in which this adapta-
ion has been developed are the most reraarka-
!)le looking in East Africa. Such are the spe-
ijies oi' Aristolochia, a genus which has one rep-
Fesentative, thebirthwort (A. Clematiiis, Linn.),
>8tablished in England ; the forms in the nyika
ire huge spherical bulbs, sometimes three feet
in diameter, from which long trailing branches,
iirmed with thick spines, spread over the ground,
fhe bulb is full of juice; this is reported to be
;ery poisonous, and the only animals that attack
he j)lant are the ants. The spurges (Euphor-
nacea), offer a still better illustration, for they
)ccur in two very different types. In the grass
jlain, as on Laikipia, this family is represented
:)y small herbs, with leaves and structure like
he common spurges of our woods and fields;
out in the nyika, the species (such as Euphorbia
lyike. Fax.), are lofty candelabra-shaped trees,
Tom thirty to sixty-feet in height, with thick,
ucculent stems like the cactus. In other places,
is in the Baringo basin, a closely allied genus
orms hedges and thickets, which can only be
,raversed at some risk ; for the spines are sharp
ind brittle, and if they run into the flesh they
jreak off, and deposit an acrid juice whicli
;auses ulceration. — J. W. Grerjory.
\ Mosquitoes at Salt Lake in Africa. — Life is al-
iiost insupportable on account of the mosqui-
• oes. These creatures sting at all hours of the
lay, and are quite active in shady places during
-he very hottest part of it. It is only l)y keep-
ing to paths which are vigorously patrolled by
orilliant blue and red dragon-flies that one can
ivoid them. Sleep is almost impossible, and
iven the pachydermatous Suahili used to come
md complain to me that he could get no rest at
ill. The only manner in which I could obtain
my relief was by arranging a fire and counter
■ittraction of sleeping porters in front of the sole
antrance to my hut, and even then, some al-
ivays got inside my net.
I I think it is chiefly on account of this that
^he few villages on the lake are inhabited by
iuch a miserably puny and unhealthy set ; be-
cause at night their houses are kept constantly
ull of choking smoke from fires of green wood,
•vhich is almost worse than the evil itself I
im not sure that this is the true explanation,
or I have noticed on Tanganyika and on the
ihire River, a similar wretched condition in
hose families which spend their lives in canoes
ind live chiefly on fish — a practice that cer-
ainly always produces a very weak dtvelop-
nent of the lower limbs, while of course a con-
(tantly moist and humid atmosphere is always
Jnhealthy in a tropical climate. — A Natiiraliist
n Mid-Africa.
The International Federation of Lord's-Day
Societies has made a report as to the work done
in the year. Among the items of interest are
the following: In France the Paris League for
Sunday Rest has enrolled over four thousand
members. Jlany shops are closed on Sunday,
including the great Ma<jazin dc Louvre. In the
army Sunday is a day of rest, and contractors
are not now obliged to work on that day. In
L\ ons there are more than one thousand shops
and stores clcsed entirely on Sunday. A com-
mission has been sent to England from Germany
to inquire into the laws applying to Sunday
labor in factories and in workshops. There has
been a marked advance also in Austria, owing
to an enactment in December, 189.5, that on
Sunday all work, industrial and commercial,
shall cease, except such as is absolutely neces-
sary. In Switzerland Sunday laws have been
passed in nearly all the cantons. The post and
telegraphic service are reduced one-half. No
freight trains are run, and the freight depots
are closed. Each employe on railroads, steam-
boats, street road cars, and in the post oftice is
allowed fifty-two days of rest, and seventeen of
these must be Sundays. In Belgium, on ac-
count of the anti-religious feeling, the Sunday
as a day of rest is not named in the law which
guarantees one rest day in each week for women
and children ; but in practice it is thus observed
to a very great degree, and in many departments
of labor Sunday work has been reduced. In
Holland there are no Sunday newspapers, the
railway traflic is reduced, and Sunday hours of
rest are given to public servants, though a
whole day on each Sunday is an exception, not
the rule. In Denmark shops are closed at
nine a, m., and also factories, except where work
is essential. In such cases the employes get alter-
nate Sundays. In Norway and Sweden factories
and workshops close on Sundays, and no intoxi-
cating liquors are sold from five o'clock Satur-
day afternoon until eight o'clock Monday morn-
ing. There is not even bread making on Sunday,
and street railways are closed until afternoon.
In the cities there is only one postal delivery
at eight o'clock in the morning, and railway
servants get every third Sunday. The move-
ment has extended to Russia, where a new law
as to Sunday is in preparation, and where the
post offices are open only from twelve to two,
and public houses are closed until eleven o'clock
in the morning. In Spain the Sunday work of
young persons under eighteen years of age in
factories is prohibited. In Japan, of the six
hundred newspapers and periodicals not one is
published on Sunday. In India the Christian
Literature Society is active, and has accom-
plished considerable. — The Independent.
Items.
Slarertj in Zanzibar and Pemha. — As these coim-
tries are under the control of the British Govern-
ment, it is expected that emancipation of the slaves
will soon be decreed. Friends in Great Britain
have lelt a degree of responsibility for the care
which the emancipated slaves will need, especially
on the Island of Pemba, where a large number are
employed on the clove plantations. At the bite
Sleeting for Sufferings, a Friend offered to go out
and eslablish an industrial mission — expecting to
purchase a clove plantation, and to watch over the
in'.erest>i of the present slaves. The Meeting for
Sufferings, without finally committing itself to this
responsible undertaking, encouraged the Friend to
go to the place and make the necessary investiga-
tion and report.
Abolition qf Slavery tn Madagascar. — The French
authorities in Madagascar have issued a decree pro-
claimiDg the abolition of slavery.
THE FRIEND.
■TII MONTH 12, ]8'J(i.
It is saiil that during the late election cam-
paign, one of the political parties emjdoyed
seventeen thousand three hundred stump speak-
ers who were stationed in twelve Western States,
under contracts to speak nightly during the last
two weeks of the campaign. Added to this, was
the distribution of thousands and thousands oi
])rinted documents, in which the issues at slake
were discussed. There was evidently an intense
earnestness which spared neither labor uor ex-
pense to convince the jieople, and secure their
votes.
Some of the religious papers have said that if
the same earnestness and effort were used to
turn sinners fnjm the evil of their ways, very
glorious results would be achieved by the'Church
of Christ. While we believe that the influence
of the professing Church would be largely in-
creased by a corresponding increase of zeal, and
that a Divine blessing may reasonably be ex-
pected to attend the faithful performance of
those labors called for by the Head of the
Church, yet it is well to remember that " trans-
formation of apostate man is work for Him who
made him;" and that a change of heart from
corrupt to holy, no man can make for himself,
even less for others. For this change we are
dependent upon the visitations of Divine Grace,
and submission thereto, and co operation there-
with. These visitations give the ability to for-
sake sin, and enable us to advance in that path
which leads to the realms of celestial hapjtiness.
It is the unction from on high, the bl&ssed Holy
Sjjirit, which must inspire the preacher, and it
only can enable him to speak in the demonstra-
tion of the Spirit, and with heavenly power;
and it is the Divine Power accompanying his
labors which alone can so work on the hearts of
the hearers, as to turn them from darkness to
light, and from the power of Satan to God.
We would not willingly di.scourage any of the
Lord's servants from laboring in bis cause — but
we believe it would be wise for all such to heed
the cauti(m expressed by the apostle, " Not that
we are sufficient of ourselves to think any thing
as of ourselves ; but our sufficiencj- is of God."
SUMMARY 'of EVENTS.
United States. — The President's message was read
in both Houses of Cingress on the 7lh in.stant. it is
recognized as an alile document. The afi'airs of the
nation are reviewed. Proieciion has been given to
our citizens in Asiatic Turkey, as far as possible, but
the difficulties of active interl'erence, in the deplora-
ble condition of that counlry are pointed out. Our
interest iu Cuba, pecuniarily is second only to Spain,
and that country, he thinks should give autononjy to
the Island. He further says: "Whatever circum-
stances may arise, our policy and our interests would
ci nstrain u- to object to the acquisition of the island
or any interference with its control by any other
Power." The President believes the present larid'
sufficient for the needs of the Government, and reiter-
ates his conviction that the greenbacks should be re-
tired.
A cablegram has been reieivcd at the Department
of State from Minister Andrade, at Caracas, staling
that the Venezuelan Government had accepted the
arbitration as agreed upon by Secretary OIney and
Sir Julian Pauncefote. An extra session of the Ven-
ezuelan Congress will be called as sr.on as pot-sible, in
order that the memorandum may be carried into effect
by the necessary treaty between Great Britain and
Venezuela.
Increase in the public debt, less cash in the Treas-
ury, during Eleventli M. nih, is .i>.-2oo.:33:;. Toiul
cash in the Treasurv. s-:,.',;->ll.".7;'.
On the 3rd instant President Cleveland issued a
proclamatioD, which suspends the law relieving vcs-
168
THE FRIEND.
eels from German ports from bondage dues and other
charges in American purls. Tiiis is done upon evi-
dence that American vessels are not given those privi-
leges in ports in Germany. It is retaliatory in its
nature.
Supervising Inspector General Dumont reports tliat
during last vear 221 persons lost their lives on steam
vessels, out of 600,000,000 passengers carried. This
was a decrease in loss of life of 173 persons from the
year before.
Dr. William H. Furness, 3d, has just returned,
after more than a year's absence, from the Eastern
Archipelago, where he has been making collections
for the museum of the University of Pennsylvania,
principally in Borneo. He penetrated countries never
visited before, and brought back valuable information.
A Des Moines despatch says that the " Tobacco
Trust " has discovered that the Iowa Cigarette Pro-
hibitory law " cannot be enforced, becauseit interferes
with Iiiler-State commerce," and that on the 30th ult.
large shipments of cigarettes were received from New
Yo'rk and sold in the original packages, no attempt
being made to prevent it.
Chief Wadlin, of the Bureau of Statistics of Labor,
of Massachusetts, says that " eighty-four per cent, of
all prisoners (26,692'), in our reformatory institutions
have intemperate habits tliat led to the crimes com-
mitted by them ; 81 per cent, were drunk when crime
was committed, and 96 per cent, are addicted to the
use of liquor."
Before the N. Y. Senate Investigating Committee
last week, \V. E. Johnson testified, giving the names
of several saloons, where he had visited and found to
be worse than mere drinking places. He quoted the
Superintendent of the Bowery Mission assaying that
the Raines law is being used for immoral purposes.
Not only is this true, but there is evidence that the
reduction in the number of saloons has not decreased
drunkenness. In seventeen cities, from Third Month
10 Niolh Month, inclusive, there was a heavy increase
in the number of arrests for drunkenness. I. F. Funk,
the publisher and Prohibitioni-t. told the committee
there was more drunkenness in Brooklyn under the
new law than under the old, as well as an increase in
immorality.
" Father Doyle," a Catholic priest, said he knew a
great deal about the working (.f the Raines law in his
section from personal observation and special informa-
ti>n, and also that a talk with eight or len representa-
tives of the Catholic clergy, made him sure that his
opinion was theirs. " It is my firm conviction," he
said, ■' that drunkenness in Sunday is very largely in-
creased through the opening of saloons under the new
law. We have hail on our poor roll a great increase
ofbeneficiaries. We have had in our g. ing in and out
of tenement houses a larger number of drunken brawls
to settle. We have had a greater number of com-
plaints from women, mothers and families; a larger
number also of ciunplaints that children could not go
to school on account of want of clothes, the husband
drinking." He also put the blame on the magistrates.
The funded debt of the railways of Pennsylvania is
$897,086,938, which, with a capital stock and floating
debts, makes a total capitalization of *2,007,191,535.
According to the census of 1890 Mississippi had
then 120,611 white voters and 150,469 black voters;
and yet the total vote for Mississippi this year was
but 61,803. South Carolina had 102,657 white voters
and 132,949 black voters ; and yet the total vote of
South Carolina this year was 68,938.
The California almond growers, in convention at
Sacramento, on the Ist insi., adopted a memorial to
Congress asking for a protective tarilF. It is said that
there arc over 25,000 acres of almond orchards in
California.
Texas despatches report that a severe blizzard had
been raging in portions of that Stale during the forty-
eight hours ending Twelfth Mouth 1st. At Houston,
Victoria and Engle Pass the heaviest snowstorm of
recent years is in progress.
Heavy snow fell on the 2nd instant in portions of
Virginia, North Carolina and Georgia.
Deaths in this city last week numbered 311, which
is 48 less than the previous week and 73 less tlian the
corresponding week of 1895. Of the whole number
186 were males and 155 female-;; 57 died of pneu-
monia; 41 of consumption; 33 of heart disease; 26 of
diarrha>a; 13 of inflammation of the stomach and bow-
els; II of old age; 10 of cancer ; 9 of apoplexy; 9 of
membranous croup ; Hof bronchitis ; 9 of ur»mia, and
'.I of paralysis.
Markets, <fcc — U. S. 2's, 95 a 97 ; 4's, reg., 109 a 109.1;
pon, 110}alll;new4's,1195al20i;5'8, 113 a 113;";
currency 6's, 100 a 104.
Cotton-.— Spinners bought sparingly on a basis of
7f ^c. per pound for middling uplands.
Feed.— Winter bran in bulk, quoted $9.75 a ?10.50
and spring do., in sacks, at $9.75 a $10.50 per ton.
Flocr.— Winter super, $3.00 a $3.25; do., extras,
$3.40 a $3.60 ; Pennsvlvania roller, clear, $4.25 a $4.50;
do., do., straight, $4.60 a $4.75 ; Western winter, clear,
$4.25 a $4.50; do., do., straight, $4.60 a $4.75; do.,
do., patent. $4.80 a $5.00 ; spring, clear, $3.85 a $4.25 ;
straight, $4.40 a $465 ; do., do., patent, $4.75 a $4.9o ;
do., favorite brands, higher. City mills, extra, $3.50
a $3.75; do., clear. $4.25 a $4.50: do., straight, $4.60
a $4.85 ; do., patent, 64.90 a $5.10. Rye Flouk.—
$2.75 per bbl. for choice Pennsylvania.
Grain.— No. 2 red wheat, 91 a 9ic.
No. 2 mixed corn, 27J a 28c.
No. 2 white oats, 24 a 24ic.
Beef Cattle. — Extra, 4j a 5c.; good, 45 a 4i|c.;
medium, 4f a 4ic.; common, 3J a 4Jc.
Sheep and Lambs.— Extra, 3 J a 4c.; good, 3J a She;
medium, 2f a 3c.; common, 2^ a 2Jc.; culls, IJ a 2c.;
lamhs, 3} a 52C
Hogs. — 5 a'5|c. for Western, and 4J a 4Jc. for State-
Foreign. — From the Board of Trade returns re-
cently published in England, it appears that for the
year ending Ninth Month 30th, 1896, that nation's
drink bill has increased $18,384,920 over the previous
year. This seems to indicate that " regulation " does
not "regulate" in England.
Coventy K. D. Patmore died in England on the
26th of last month. He was the author of the beau-
tiful poem "The .ingel in the House," which can be
borrowed from Friends' Library. Since 1847 he was
Assistant Librarian in the British Museum.
Emigration to America has created so great a dearth
of labor in the agricultural districts of Germany that
Chinese coolies are now being imported for field work
in the provinces of Silesia, East Prussia. Posen and
Pomerania. Coolies are content to work for 20 cents
a day, and il they continue to arrive in large num-
Friends' Teachers' Association — A meeting will
be held at 140 N. Sixteenth Street, Philadelphia, on
Seventh-day, Twelfth Month 12th, 1896, at 2.15 p. m.
All interested are cordially invited.
1. Prof. Austin C. Apgar, of Trenton Normal School,
will lecture on "Nature Study in Schools — Litk
— Needs and Methods."
2. A talk on the Movements of Growing Plants, with
illustrations, by Anna Woolman.
3. A paper, " Nature Work and its Possibilities with
Little Children," by Anna Yarnall.
4. Discussion— M. Helen Lyndall, Girl's High School,
and Dr. Emily G. Hunt.
Prompt attendance requested.
Edith S. Cheyney, Secretary.
A young man with considerable business exper
ence desires a position with a Friend's firm.
Address " C " Office of The Friend.
Westtown Boarding School. — Applications for
the admission of pupils to the school, and letters in
regard to instruction and discipline should be ad-
dressed to William F. Wickersham, Principal.
Payments on account of board and tuition, and
communications in regard to business should be for-
warded lo Edward G. Smedley, Superintendent.
Address, Westtown P. O., Chester Co., Pa.
Westtown Boarding School. — For convenience
of persons coming to Westtown School, the stage
meet trains leaving Philadelphia 7.17 and 8.46 A.
and 2.53 and 4.32 P. M. Other trains are met w
requested. Stage fare on regular trips, fifteen cents,
on special trips, twenty-five cents each way. To reach
the school by telegraph, wire West Chester Phone 85
Edwaed G. Smedley, Sup't.
bers emigration of German peasants to this country
will likely receive a great impetus.
It has been discovered that the Executive Com-
mittee of the Socialist party are back of the local or-
ganizers of the Hamburg strike. They are working
not so much in the interest of the laborers as in the
interest of the Social-Democratic party. It is said the
strike would have been settled if the Socialists had
not intervened. It is thought the Government will
soon take some action.
The Turkish Ambassador to Russia has telegraphed
to the Porte that a complete understanding exists be-
tween Russia and Great Britain in regard to the re
forms in Turkey. This information has created a
sensation in the Sultan's circle.
Eight hundred deaths from the plague in Bombay
were reported to dale. Crowds of panic-stricken na-
tives are fleeing from the city, and trade and travel
are seriously affected.
Spanish merchants and financiers decided to at-
tempt to raise 400,000,000 pesetas to loan the Govern-
In Eastern Australia a hundred million sheep and
great herds of cattle and horses now feed upon pas-
tures covering flat ground which thirty years ago was
a desert of soft sand, so " rotten" that the feet sank at
every step. This once worthless ground has been
beaten into compact soil by the feet of the sheep and
cattle, and it is believed that other great desert ex-
panses in Australia may be turned into productive
pasture, and in a similar manner.
A terrific wind storm, accompanied by heavy rain,
swept over the Windward and Leeward Islands last
week. The loss of life is known to have been great.
.\ number of sugar, coffee and cotton estates were in-
undated.
A St. Johns despatch says that "the purchase of
the Newfoundland Kailwav bv the Government will
bring the puhlic debt up to $19,000,000, which is $95
per liead of the population.
The Newfoundland Government has decided to pur-
chase the Newfoundland Railway for the sum of $1,-
775,000. The railway company, besides handing over
its lines to the Government, will relinquish all its
claims lo lands, minerals and timber within its colony.
Havana newspapers are urging the necessity for
carrying on farming operations in Cuba, otherwise a
distastrous famine is inevitable.
NOTICES.
Haddonpield Qiarterly Meeting is held at
Mooreslown, Twelfth Mo. 17lh. Friends from Phila-
delphia will take train from foot of Market Street at
8.30 A. M. for East Moorestown.
Friends' Institute Lyceum.— The next regular
meeting of Friend's Instilule Lyceum will be held at
140 N. Sixteenth St., Sixth-day^ Twelfth Month 4th,
1896, at 8 o'clock, p. M. Prompt attendance is
quested.
TusKEGEE Institute. — Booker T. Washington, of
the Tuskegee Institute, Tuskegee, Alabama, appea
for second-hand clothing, towels, bedspreads, quills,
sheets, carpets, pillow cases, etc., etc. Friends ha' '
such articles they are willing to contribute are re-
quested to send them to
Paxson, Comfort & Co., 529 Arch St.,
Haines, Jones & Cadbcry Co., 1 136 Ridge Av
or Wm. H. Haines, 5433 Wayne St., Germantowi
and they will be forwarded to Tuskegee.
The Moral Almanac and Friends Calendab
for 1897 are now ready and for sale at Friends' Book
Store, No. 304 Arch Street, Philadelphia. Almanacs,
four cents without cover, and five cents with ; postage
extra. Calendars, five cents each — if mailed, teu
cents.
M.vrried, at Friends' Meeting-house, Sixth and
Noble Streets, Philadelphia, on the tenth dav of the
Eleventh Mo., 1896, David Heston and Esther A.
Haines, both of this city.
Died, of apoplexy. First Month 16th, 1896, at the
Pennsylvania Hospital, Phila., while in the capacity ol
steward and superintendent, Jonathan G. William.s,
in the sixty-sixth year of his age; a member of Chestei
Monthly lileeting. New Jersey. Our dear friend filled
up a useful and untiring life in the Divine fear and-
love, and we doubt not has now entered into the joj
of our Lord, to rest from his labors, through the merits
and mercy .if that Saviour whom He trusted and
served. "He that believeth on Me, though he i
dead, yet shall he live."
, Elevenlh Month 3rd, 1896, Sina W. Willits
(formerly Hall), wife of David P. Willits, at theii
residence in Linn County, Iowa, in the Ihiriy-fourlb
year of her age. She was a member of Springville
Monthly and Particular Meeting "of Friends; a con
sistent and exemplary member, being stronglv
tached to the doctrines and principles of the Society
and failhlul in their support, giving evidence of beii
under the preparing Hand, for usefulne-s in tl
church. Duriuga protracted illuefsof several months
duration, a struggle fir resignation to the Divine will
was often the clothing of her spirit, and finally
through mercy, she was enabled to adopt the
guage, "Not my will, but thine be done, O Lo
Her close was peaceful, giving evidence to relatives
and friends that her purified spirit is forever at rest
THE FRIEND
A Religious and Literary Journal.
VOL. LXX.
SEVENTH-DAY, TWELFTH MONTH I'.l, 1896.
No. 22.
PUBLISHED WEEKLY.
Price, if paid in advance, $2.00 per annum.
Subscription^^ payvients and business t
received by
Edwin P. Seli^ew, Publishek,
No. 207 Walnut Place,
;S juth from Walnut Street, between Third and Fourth,)
PHILADELPHIA.
Articles designed for insertion to be addressed to
JOSEPH WALTON,
MOOEESTOWN, BUKLINGTON Co., N. J.
Entered as second-class matter at Philadelphia P. O.
liary and Letters of Deborah Brooks Webb.
(Continued from page 162.)
TO L. H. B.
■' Philadelpiii.\, Second Month loili, ISGo.
" I have indeed been remiss in not writing
oouer. It has often been on my mind, but the
I ^ery right time did not seem to corae, and unless
it is right, a long connection of words would
rofit little. I almost always feel the responsi-
lility of writing to my young friends to be
;reat, and beseech Him, who can direct every
ninute circumstance in life to bless my endeav-
irs to be of some service.
" Dost thou ever think of me during all these
terms? There is something very joyous to me
n storms, particularly snow storms. They seem
o be like such a lot of little white birds coming
lown, and the covering is so beautiful and pure
'or the dark earth. I have seen storms of thun-
ler and lightning so awful, that I have wished
hey would cease, but still their very awe has
)een acceptable to me.
I love to feel the majesty and power of the
ymighty one, who is so merciful and cunde-
icending, too. Sometimes lately I have been
afraid I love Him too easily, and besought
or a greater dread upon my spirit. ' I will be
janctiiied in them that come nigh me.' He for-
gives our transgressions so soon, that I often
reel like the one to whom much was forgiven
ind who loved much. Thou hast such good
views of his wonders there in the country, and
not a glance from the window but can bring thee
d token of his power. Thou hast the heart to
prize it too, and that is still better.
■ " How thankful I am that He has touched thy
heart, and led thee to seek the knowledge of
iHini, whom to know is life eternal. I hope my
dear Laura is not shunning the cross in any-
thing. A jealousy has been with me ever since
thy last visit on that point, but I know not
why, and cannot and should not judge. O, my
dearest, we must be broken to pieces upon the
rock Christ Jesus — nothing else will do. Poor
Jol) was broken at the last, and I have felt hi:
state more than ever of late, and thankfully,
too, [liitting ray hand upon my mouth, feeling
the vileness of my nature — nothing in me good,
only kept alive and allowed to walk the earth
by his goodness, but sometimes feeling a desire
to depart and be at rest.
" Your visit was appreciated by me, f jr poverty
in the conversational line is so often my lot,
that it must be the person's goodness of heart
only that prompts a visit to me. Dear E. W. I
How changed! I could not see that peculiar
modest, winning look that had so frequently at-
tracted my heart to\wirds her before. Perhaps
it was the way she wore her hair. I like best
to remember her as in former times. There is
no prejudice; it is merely the uncontrollable at-
traction of the heart. I hope she may be pre-
served meek and lowly, like a little child, at his
feet. How I long for that for thee, too, my
dear! O, for preservation; O, for preserva-
tion for my precious L. Thou art tempted,
without doubt, but try to beg to be delivered
from evil each day, and He who can open every
eye will show thee the snares of thine enemy.
Why I have written thus I know not, it may
prove a warning some time. Remember thy
poor struggling friend at times. Storms of
temptation have been in her path; but one
Friend remarked to me, ' Storms purity the air.'
I have found it so, for I can love and fear Him
more deeply and walk more faithfully from
them. Thanks be unto Him, who can give the
victory to thee and to me.
Thine truly as ever,
"D. B."
Second Month 5th. — My dear Lord instructed
me last night in a vision. All the week I had
been tried with words coming into my mind, as
though they must be expressed in meeting, and
a little inclination in me at times, to remember
them. I went to bed feeling that my Father
pitied me. About the middle of the night I
dreamed I was a servant girl with several others,
and that they had formed a plot to injure the
mistress and rob her house. I knew it was
wrong to go with them, but was afraid to op-
pose them, so went out upon the roof while they
engaged in their guilty work. Soon the mistress
came" and caught them, but they escaped and
threw me a pair of shoes, saying ihey might be
my share. The other articles were recovered,
but my shoes I never had the courage to re-
store, but thought I would wear them sometimes.
There seemed to be a vague impression that
they i)rought me into disgrace afterwards. I
tried to turn away from this unpleasant dream,
but soon the passages, " Being shod with the
preparation of the Gospel of peace," and " I am
not ashamed of the Gospel of Christ, for it is the
power of God unto salvation," etc., came to
mind, and I was instructed that I had been
stealing shoes, and that I must be shod only
with his power, and my heart must be lifted
up for this " Holy Ghost to come upon me and
the power of the Most High to overshadow me,
if He ever called me again to his work." " Put
off thy shoes from off thy feet, for the place
wherein thou standest is "holy ground." Oh,
most merciful God, preserve thy poor servant,
help me to be like clay in thy hands, and in-
crease ray faith. Preserve me in holy reverent
silence and submission of soul before thee, oh,
Father.
To I.. H. 1!.
"Sixth Monlli Gtli, 1X65.*
" It does seem almost as if I had neglected thee
wrongfully, but my heart has been with thee
many a lime, where feeling was too deep for ut-
terance even with this medium. Dost thou ever
know, my dear, what it is to have a heart full
of prayer and petitioning, and to feel that the
Spirit maketh intercession for us, accoriling to
the will of God ? What a bleased assurance
we have, that He knoweth what is the mind of
the Spirit, and that all- things shall work to-
gether for good to them that love God.' How
rich is his mercy ! ' How unsearchable are his
ways, and his judgments past finding out.'
' Who hath first given to Him, and it shall be
recompensed unto Him again.' O, dear Laura,
let us serve Him fully, being like good old
Joshua, whatever others do, we will serve the
Lord.
" I have been deeply impressed of late with
his mercy in taking away all our sins, casting
them behind his back, or into the depths of the
sea that we cannot find them. O, He forgives
all our shortcomings and shines upon us with
the blessed light of his countenance. We do
indeed see his mercy towards our nation. We
have had a sad bereavement, but if it must be,
it came just in time to save our people from
sinful exultation.f . . .
Yes, my dear, it is an inexpressible comfort
to feel that his good Spirit does visit all, every-
body. How long it has striven with and waited
for us. When cast down, remember He looks at
the contrite in heart, and regards them as a
Father does his children. My heart would faint
many a time, and my spirit be overwhelmed if
it were not for this supporting assurance. My
thoughts so often stray, instead of everv one
being brought into subjection to the obedience
of Christ. I met with a verse which touched
the right chord :
'■ ' O ! to grace, how great a debtor
Daily I am constrained to he,
Let that grace. Lord, like a feller
Bind my wandering heart to thee."
" And another :
" ' Were the whole realm of nature mine,
That were an ofiering far too small.
Love, so amazing, so Divine,
Demand my heart, my life, my all.'
" A very intere.sting work, which seems to be
comments' on the book of Exodus, has been
loaned me, and I am enjoying it so much. The
writerspiritualizesalmost everything. The cross-
ing the Red Sea and the wilderness journey is
ve"ry interesting. Oh, let us not murmur at any-
thing, as they did, but 'in everything give
thanks,' though there may be some bitter cups
meted out for our refinement and sanctification.
The last word seems most too holy and good when
we look at our own poor selves, but let us look
*This letter anticipates its proper place a few months -
I jReferring, no doubt, to the recent assassination qI
I President Lincoln.
170
THE FRIEND.
Twelfth Mo. 19,
away to Him, who is aisle to do more for us,
than we can asli or tliinli.
"Dear Laura, niav^t thou be blessed indeed,
rich in faith and love, heir of the eternal king-
dom, is the prayer of thy loving friend,
" Deborah Brooks."
12th. — I have been desiring some passage to
come to mind, or that the Lord would speak to
me, when suddenly these words came, ' The
Lord looking down, loveth such as wait and
watch for Him,' accompanied with the feeling,
that I ought to give them to others. I did so
soon, but did not find them for myself after-
wards. I am afraid I gave away what was for
myself. Oh, Lord, for preservation. Teach
thy poor child. Why do I not have more
peace? These words came to-night, 'Oh, that
thou hadst hearkened to my commandments,
then had thy peace been as a river, and thy
righteousness as the waves of the sea." Oh, help
me. Lord, this week.
(To be continued.)
And the experiment has failed in every instance
for one simple reason : the money did not repre-
sent actual value. Kings and nations cannot
speak value into existence. It never has been
(lone. — Cahin S. Brown, in The Independent.
Getting Something for Nothing.
A dangerous thing in the moral world is the
desire of getting something for nothing. It is
this desire that leads the thief to break the house
and the highwayman to take the road. It is
this desire that causes the gambler to substitute
gaming for honest labor, and to try by a lucky
deal to become the jiossessor of the money or
goods of others. It is this desire that prompts
men to bet on horse races and elections — the
desire of gel ting other men's property without
giving a fair equivalent. It is this desire that
leads men to reckless speculation in futures and
real estate and to the formation of trusts and
monopolies. It was this desire run mad that
led England into the South Sea Bubble and
caused ruin and untold misery to thou.sands —
that led France into Law's Mississippi Bubble,
and came near plunging the nation into total
bankruptcy. It is this same desire that is caus-
ing the desolation of hundreds of our American
homes every year — this desire which is so fatal
to the incentive to honest effort.
Let it be put down as an axiom that it is im-
possible to make something out of nothing. No
way has ever been devised, or ever can be de-
vised, of getting something for nothing, in whicii
one party does not suffer to the extent that the
other gains. If the thief steals, the owner must
lose the goods stolen, if the gamester wins a
thousand dollars, his opponent must lose that
amount; if a syndicate buys up all the wheat
on the market and makes a fortune off of it,
somebody must pay dear for flour ; if a com-
pany waters its stock, somebody must buy water ;
if peo{>le ride on a bubi)le, they must expect to
be precipitated when the bubble bursts. There
is but one correct and thoroughly honest busi-
ness princii)le, and that is to give value received
in every transaction. An equivalent must be
given. This equivalent may be in labor, in
goods, in nionej', in what you please; but it
must be an equivalent. All else is on a false
basis and leads to evil.
This experiment of making something from
nothing has been tried time and again by na-
tions as well as by individuals. Kings and
parliaments have issued paper money and false
coins and inflated currency, and always with
one result. History will be searched in vain
for a single instance of fiat money which has
held its own for any coiisideralile time and which
has not resulted in loss either to the Govern-
ment or to those who trusted the Government.
For "THE Friend."
Man — His Nature and Relation to His Maker.
In man are found three distinct essentials to
his being, viz : body, mind and soul.
The psalmist David referred not alone to his
body when he exclaimed, "I will praise thee,
for I am fearfully and wonderfully made ; mar-
vellous are thy woiks, and that my soul know-
eth right well" (Ps. csxsix : 14), for presently
he refers to a higher One as speaking to his soul,
saying, " How precious also are thy thoughts
unto me, O, God ! how great is the sum of
them " (v: 17).
He who created the light created the eye to
behold the light and all created things in that
light. He who created sound formed the ear to
hear. So of Christ, the Eternal Word, by whom
all things were made, it is said, "In Him was
life, and the life was the light of men " (.John i :
4). The eye and the ear of the soul must then
be opened by God, that they may see and hear
the things of God, for " the things of God know-
eth no man, but the spirit of God " (1 Cor. ii :
11). This then, is God's new visitation of life to
man, by his grace in Christ.
Modern scientists aver that the original source
of all terrestrial light is the sun. From it we
know that perpetual streams of heat and light
do flow. It may also be the prime fountain and
source of all electrical action, which also fur-
nishes light, and as for wood, coal or other ani-
mal or vegetable matter, they all owe their com-
bustible properties to the sun's action, at some,
it may be remote, period of their formation. By
means of these subtle agencies, man transmits
his thoughts thcjusands of miles along the bed
of the ocean, causes the very tones of his voice
to be heard hundreds of miles distant, trans
ports himself a mile a minute, delineates objects
in the perfection of outline, light and shade
Such marvellous power has the mind of mac
been permitted to acquire over matter, or the
powers of nature.
But what are these to Him who made them
all? Who gave to man such power to subdue
the elements to his will? Can we fathom his
power? Can we limit his knowledge? Ah, no,
ills Name remains forever. Almighty, Omnisci-
ent, All-seeing, Omnipresent. The best and
wisest of men have acknowledged, "Thou under-
standest my thoughts afar of}'," " There is not a
word in my tongue, but, lo, oh. Lord, thou
knowest it altogether " (Ps. cxxxix : 4). " Such
knowledge is too wonderful for me ; it is high,
I cannot attain unto it" (v. 6).
He who created all these things, and man
himself, empowering him to subdue them to his
purpose, is the Eternal Word, the Sun and
Source of all spiritual light to the .soul of man.
It has pleased God that in Him should be
hid all the treasures of wisdom and knowledge.
He quickens and enlightens the soul to see and
understand the things of God. He unlocks the
seals and opens the heart and the understand-
ing. Ami these gifts He dispenses to those who
love and fear Him of his own free grace, and
not according to the power or cultivation of
man's wisdom or intellect. For, as the luan
strong in body is often inferior in mental power
to one possessing less bodily vigor, so likewise
the man of great intellectual capacity often falls
short in the fervor of his soul, to him who,
though of weaker mind, is enlightened and
strengthened in his soul by the Holy Spirit. Not
that weakness in one commands the strength in
another, for, all things else being equal, he i-
best fitted for work in the world, who is able
both in body, mind and spirit, for that which
he is called to do, and all may be laid on the
altar of God's service.
In man rightly ordered, Christ is the Head
and all in the man is governed in the lovt
and IVar of God. The mind is preserved fron
harboring evil thoughts, which the enemy o
souls may shoot as darts at the man, and fron
the lusts and motions of the flesh to sin, ami
the body is made a servant to righteousnesi
alone, nor is it permitted to do evil. Indeed
every thought and deed is brought to the judg-
ment seat of Christ. Such is the man whc
walks with God, who obeys the command, " Bs
ye holy, as I the Lord your God am holy."
It may indeed please God to call the weak
and despised of the world, and to fill them witb
Divine power, and to ordain strength out of the
mouths of babes and sucklings, that his name
alone must be glorified ; yet must we reraemt
that it would not be right for us to desire to b«
weak in either bodily or mental gifts, as thougl
being so would commend us to God or dra«
down Divine favor, for truly what are all these
things before Him ?
All must be laid in the dust and we become
humbled as little children ; so must the kingdon
of God be received, that each one may sit at the
feet of Jesus, our Teacher Divine, and do as He
said, " Learn of me." Therefore whilst no)
slothful in our lawful business or calling, let i
at the same time " be fervent in spirit, servinf
the Lord." Let Him reign in us whose right ii
is. " Sanctify the Lord God in your hearts.'
" And the very God of peace sanctify yoi
wholly ; and I pray God your whole spirit, sou
and body, be preserved blameless unto the com
ing of our Lord Jesus Christ." (1 Thess. v : 23)
W. W. B.
Duty, or Privilege? — How common it ii
for us to feel that we have a duty to be at wori
in Christ's service! How rare it is that we rea
lize the privilege of doing any work for Christ
We almost think that Christ needs our help
and that therefore we ought to take hold anc
do what we can for Him. We are liable t(
lose sight of the fact that Christ is in no sensi
dependent upon any of us for any service what
soever, and that He simply confers an bono;
upon us when he permits us to do anything ir
the prosecution of his Heavenly work here oi
earth. Even under a human administration
there are many places to be filled, and manj
applicants for those places. Whether the posi
tion be as a representa^tive in a foreign land, o)
as a worker in a subordinate place nearer home
he who is asked to accept it, and to receive iti
honors and its emoluments accordingly, cat
hardly suppose that he deserves any credit foi
taking the position, and so for being a share)
in the toils and the triumphs of the administra
tion which appoints him to it. Why, then
should any Christian disciple suppose that hi
confers a favor on his Divine Master by accept
ing a position of service and of honor at Ikhik
or abroad, when those who are worthier thai
himself might have been selected in his steail
And when we realize the privilege of working
for Christ, we shall not want to neglect thai
privilege in term time or in vacation. — »S'. <S
Times.
Mo. 19,1896
THE FRIEND.
171
For "The Fkiejjd."
Visit to Logan's Quarry.
On tlie'tweuty-lourtli of Eluvenlli Mouth, I
,^ft lioiiie to pay a visit, long contemplated, to
jnie of the quarries of Chester County, Pa. ; the
loint most especially aimed at was what is known
|s Logan's Quarry — about two miles west of
Jnionville. A kind friend met me at West
Ihester, and to his good services I am indebted
jr the success of the excursion.
Our tirst visit was to the limestone quarry
u the Chester County Poor-house farm. The
imestone contains Magnesia, and is quite crys-
alline in structure, but does not present the
rreat faces of rock which are visible in Baker's
Quarry, described in a recent number of The
/riexd. a bed of rotten gneiss containing
■luch mica occupies part of the quarry, and
here is also much quartz. Indeed, the most of
hese limestone deposits, south of the great val-
ey, contains more or less quartz, in some cases
0 much as to destroy the value of the stone for
agricultural purposes. A geological friend told
ne that he was coiisulled about a limestone
^fhich looked well, but would not burn into
lime. On analyzing it, he found that it was
bore than half quartz.
; Several interesting minerals have been found
a this quarry, among them Chesterlite, which
pas once regarded as a variety of feldspar. It
iccurs in cavities in the limestone in the form
jtf crystals. As the quarry had not been worked
ibr some years, circumstances did not favor our
inakiug much of a collection. Some of the poor-
house inmates were at the quarry, loading an
i)X-cart, with earth, to repair the ice-dam. On
;nquiring after minerals, they referred us to one
ihey called "Chesterlite Billy," who had resided
iit the institution for several years, and appeared
to have taken more interest in such matters than
he others. We hunted him up, and he said
ihe Chesterlite was found in pocket? in the lime-
stone, and promised shortly to procure specimens
for us.
I Soon after breakfast the next morning we
|itarted for Logan's quarry. The men were at
j.vork on a bed of beautiful white stone, which
^ight be called marble. Overlying this was a
■arge quantity of limestone sand, which is found
;o be a very useful material for raising plants
'rom cuttings, the roots seeming to grow unu-
sually readily from the cuttings inserted into it,
in green-houses.
One of the inducements to visit this quarry
was to obtain specimens of tremolite, a mineral
which is often found in this locality. Tremolite
is considered as one of the varieties of Horn-
blende, a mineral which possesses many forms,
which are identified as belonging to the same
group, by certain peculiarities of the crystalli-
«ation. The dark green or black individuals
are called Hornblende, and contain considerable
iron ; actinolite generally presents lighter green
colors, and is usually crystallized in long, slender
prisms ; tremolite has white fibres, and contains
a mere trace of iron. It is mainly a compound
flf silica, magnesia and lime. It derives its name
from Tremola, in Switzerland, where it was first
found.
Not being familiar with the quarry, we did
not meet with the mineral at first, and so went
to the house of the proprietor. His sister pro-
duced a tray of minerals, and showed us several
specimens, one of which was very beautiful, the
fine delicate fibres were arranged side by side,
as if a strand of vary fine cotton had been trans-
formed into rock. The owner knew it as cotton-
stone. We admired the smoothness and glossy
texture, and returned to the quarry to make a
further .search. We soon found on one of the
blocks of stone, quarried fur the limekiln, a
coating of tremolite, which furnished us with
several very good specimens of this beautiful
mineral. It .seems probable that in the process
of hardening the original ocean sediment of
corals and shells into limestone rocks, the silica,
lime and magnesia of which Tremolite consists,
ha<l been taken up into solution in heated
water, and sub-secjuenily crystallized into the
beautiful fibres in which we found it.
Logan's quarry has produced some large
crystals of sulphuretof iron, or iron pyrites, and
we saw a large piece of rock, which was pene-
trated by numerous crystals of dark Turmaline.
Like the Tremolite, these were probably formed
by crystallization from aqueous solution, in re-
mote ages. Turmalines are found of various
colors. The composition of the black is mainly
of silica, aluminum and iron, mixed with small
proportions of several other ingredients. The
green species contain less iron, but some lithia,
and in the red the iron disappears, and its
place is partially supplied by boracic acid and
manganese.
Well pleased with our success, we returned
homeward by another road, which crossed the
serpentine barrens of Newlin township, where
considerable quantities of that valuable mineral.
Corundum, had been dug. The works are at
present abandoned, but a large area of per-
haps one hundred acres was marked with the
piles of earth and rock, which showed where
exploration had been made for corundum. The
variety in the appearance of the stones lying on
the surface, made me wish for the presence of a
skilled mineralogist, who could have pointed out
the different species that were exposed to view.
On this barren spot grew quantities of the
Mountain Pink {Phlox subulata). which much
frequents the serpen tine ridges, and in the Fourth
and Fifth Months covers them with a sheet of
bloom. I was surprised and pleased to find
some of them in flower at this late season of the
year. I supposed that the mildness of the
weather had so favored the growth of the plant,
that the flowers which in ordinary course would
have appeared next spring, had ventured to
show themselves at this early period.
Although it was an unexpected pleasure to
find Phlox in bloom, yet it was not very surpris-
ing, for during the Eleventh Month I had met
with several similar instances. The winter Jes-
samine, whose yellow blossoms are among the
earliest which show themselves, after winter
has passed, had been in flower for a week or
two. Among those I had seen in bloom were
the Round-leaved Mallow (Malva roliindi folia),
whose fruit, composed of numerous small cap-
sules, aggregated into a flattened head, we chil-
dren were accustomed to call cheeses; the Yel-
low D.indelion ; the Peppergrass (Lepidium Vir-
(jinicum), and the common Chick weed (Stellaria
media), a hardy plant which Dr. Darlington
says may be found in flower, in mild winters, in
every month of the year.
On the whole, the trip was a very interesting
and instructive one. J. W.
Members of a church wh(j adhere to the old
constitution and confession of faith, although
constituting a small minority, are entitled to
the church property when the rebellious ma-
jority have adopted a new constitution and re-
fuse longer to submit to the organic law of the
association. (Bear et al.. Trustees, vs. Heaslev,
ei al, Mich. S. C, 1894).
Against the Teaching of War in History
Text Books.
"Particularly by the study of the ancient
poets and historiau.s," it wua ju.stly remarked
by William Ellery Channing, " the sentiments
of early and barbarous ages on the subject of
war are kept alive in the mind; and though
Christian by jirofession, some of the earliest and
deepest imi>ression8 are received in the .school
of uncivilized antiquity." On the same theme
the eminent essayist, John Foster, wrote," Who
can tell how much that passion for war, which,
from the universality of its prevalence, might
.seem inseparable from the nature of man, may,
in the civilized world, have been reinforced by
the enthusiastic admiration with which young
men have read Homer and similar poets, whose
genius transforms what is, and ought always to
appear, purely horrid, into an aspect of grand-
eur." It was, hence, a sufficiently frank ad-
mission that was lately made in a leading re-
ligious journal by an apologist for the Boys'
Brigade scheme, that " all healthy boys have a
love of soldiery born in them," leaving as a not
unfair inference the corollary that the youth
who did not resent an attack upon his rights
or strike back when assaulted, must be weak
and unhealthy.
It is a lamentable but natural sequence of
this emulation of the false-heroic models found
so largely in pagan classics, as contra-distin-
guished from those moulded upon the [)ure
Christian type, which heretofore have been kept
too much in the background, that the school
history text-books of our day are so largely
what they are, a compend of the battles of one's
country, with a very pronounced bias under the
label of patriotism for " ray country, right
wrong." That was therefore a much need
testimony penned by Eector Alex. Mackay-
Smith, in responding to an invitation to lie
present at the conference on international ar-
bitration in Independence Hall, on last Wash-
ington's birth-day, in which he said, "Our chil-
dren are nurtured on stories of British cruelty
in the Revolutionary war; the devil, to them,
has a red coat, and carries a Queen Anne mus-
ket. My great-grandfather was an officer in
that war, but I wish we could forget the whole
conflict. My own children are growing up to
dislike England because of that old war as told
in their school books. It is time to stop it.
Patriotism is the noblest virtue, but it must not be
nourished in hate. A little common sense as well
as Christian charity on both sides is needed."
At the meeting here referred to. Prof. W.
Hudson Shaw, of Oxford, England, deprecated
the undemocratic policv and some of the lan-
guage of the premier, believing that they did
not fairly represent English public sentiment,
which he said was largely in sympathy with
American institutions, and for lasting peace
between the two countries. He found fault, in
a mild way, however, with the text-books used
in American schools, which inculcated enmity
toward the mother country in the minds of our
youth. Felix Adler, of New York, indorsed
Professor Shaw's mild protest against un-called
for anti-British sentiment in American text-
books, and said he felt at liberty as an Ameri-
can to make the protest in stronger language.
The audience, the newspaper reportsays, heartily
applauded reference to the subject.
It was to help counteract this most pernicious
method of acquainting our young people with
the history of their country, that I brought out
in 1877 my United States Historv, and, some
172
THE FRIEND.
Twelfth Mo. 19, 1896
years later, my smaller history, more especially
for the use of schools. (Several editions of each
of these were issued, but as there are none now
for sale, I shall not be charged with advertising
the books.) In the prefatory note to the first
issue, the following avowal from my personal
experience of the pernicious pedagogic battle-
drilling referred to, is thus stated :
"This persistent indoctrination of warlike
ideas resulted in producing an intensely partisan
feeling, so that the very name of 'British' or
'Mexican' became a hateful sound to our pa-
triotic apprehensions. Indeed our principal
concern appeared to be to learn how much
greater was the battle loss in killed and wound-
ed on the part of the British, than was that of
the Americans. It is not using too forcible an
expression to say that there was begotten in our
youthful minds something of the malignant
sentiment of murderers. Of the moral loss
occasioned by a state of warfare, together with
its exceeding expensiveness, we had no con-
ception. To supply, in a measure, this lack of
information, and to promote the knowledge of
those things in the past and present hist<jry of
our country which tend to its peace, prosperity
and true renown, are the purposes of this work.
The rule of political action recommended may
be concisely expressed by that vigorous Anglo-
Saxon word — straightforwardness."
We have lately had some very recent exem-
plifications of this teaching of international
antagonism, on the part of the lads and young
men in some of the public schools, colleges and
universities of Spain and the United States
respectively. The Philadelphia Record tells
of a small boy who made a quantity of crayon-
colored paper flags of Spain, which, in an ex-
plosion of patriotism he threw one by one into
the kitchen fire, and then " solemnly loaded
his Fourth of July pistol with caps and fired a
salute in honor of the event."
For a number of years Herman Molkenboer,
of Bonn, Germany, has been corresponding with
editors, essayists and teachers in various coun-
tries of Europe and America, for the purpose
of propagating information upon this matter,
and seeking, by representations to governments
and school boards, to effect a change in the
usual harmful way of presenting patriotism in
the history text-books. In an address last year
to schoolmasters and teachers, in Stockholm,
Sweden, by M. F. Rasraussen, the mischievous
effect of the present almost universal pollution
of school-books and popular histories with the
war spirit and eulogies of the battle field, was
vigorously presented. It was declared to be
national curse. "The war spirit is the evil
spirit of schools, and the war spirit is the evil
spirit of the community." In Denmark, a
handy manual of history has been lately issued,
in which the author, N. L. Hojberg, has forborne
to give the warrior a place of honored promi
nencc in comparison with the useful citizen,
the philanthropist, the artist, the inventor, the
engineer. In Glasgow, Scotland, since the first
of this year, the local school board having been
memorialized upon the subject of the presenta-
tion of peace and against the teaching of un-
friendlin&^s towards foreign nations, acceded to
a request that a lecture, illustrated by limelight
views of scenes described on the battle-fields of
eastern France, be given the scholars, and that
copies of the anti-war essay of M. Scve, a gov-
ernment schoolmaster of France, which obtained
the prize offered by the International Arbitra-
tion and Peace Association, be distributed to
the teachers.
In the year 1883, I laid before the then
United Slates commissioner of education, John
Eaton, the desirability (as it seemed to me) of
issuing a bulletin of 'the bureau of education,
supplying data upon this matter for the infor-
mation and right stimulation of our teachers,
proffering some material if such was desired.
The commissioner, in reply, said that while he
could not promise to use such material as a
bulletin, he would be greatly obliged for any
statement of facts I might be able to send him.
The present commissioner of education, W.
T. Harris, having also been written to on the
foregoing subject, has replied that he thinks
he presentation of the matter is " timely," and
vill " do good in the way of developing a feei-
ng in favor of international arbitration." The
commissioner surely occupies a position wherein
he can greatly advance this very important
reform, and I think it is not hoping too much
to believe that he will be found actively inter-
esting himself in so furthering it.
In a late number of the Herald of Peace, of
London, is a stirring editorial on " The Educa-
tion of the Young in Pacific Sentiments," where-
in cheering recognition is given to the fact that
" at peace congresses and meetings there is being
manifested an increasing sense of the importance
of taking definite and systematic measures to
educate the young in pacific sentiments and to
indoctrinate the minds, both of school children
and college students, with sound and humane
principles in relation to the evils of war and the
blessing of international concord." Allusion
is made to the recent agitation of the subject in
some of the European states, as well as in Eng-
land, while occasion is taken to specially point
out how our text-books in America, in treating
of the Revolutionary War, have sedulously fos-
tered the bad feeling in omitting to point out
how it was that the obstinacy and folly of George
the Third, and of Lord North, did not rightly
reflect the prevalent opinion of the British peo-
ple generally upon the matters then at issue with
the colonies. Green's History of the English
People is cited as a historic work of the better,
unprejudiced class.
The Arbitrator, likewise of London, has also
a valuable editorial which refers to the visit to
United States this summer, of Samuel Plimsoll,
favorably known for his successful efforts in
connection with the amelioration of the inter-
national steerage passenger service. The dis-
tinct purpose of his visit was to make examina-
tion of a large number of our school histories,
with the object of obtaining data upon the gene-
sis and perpetuation of an alleged very antago-
nistic feeling in the United States toward the
mother country. " Before he left this country
[England], he searched thirty-four of the histo-
ries used in our Board Schools, without finding
any unkind allusion to the United States, but
he asserts that the opposite is the case in Ameri-
ca. As a practical result of his inquiries, it is
reported that he has persuaded the federal com-
missioner of education to deal with the subject
ill his next report. To a New York reporter,
Mr. Plimsoll sensibly commented upon the sort
of history he found in American school-books.
' It seems strange to me that you should allow
the ill feeliug caused by a war of one hundred
and twenty years ago to still exist. You must
remember that nine-tenths of the English peo-
ple were opposed to the war at the time, and
that the remaining one-tenth, the governing
class, was divided within itself on the subject.
Why let the acts of a daft old king, who was
in iclircment for insiinitv two or three times,
cause an everbsting animosity toward the Eng-
land of to-day, which has no more to do with
that time than the United States of to-day has '!' "
This matter of the great folly of King George
in his treatment of the claims and grievances
of the American colonies was well enlarged upon
by Edwin D. Mead, editor of the New England
Magazine, in an address on " The True Historic
Relations of England and America," delivered
not long ago at Lake Mohonk. " This then,"
he concludes his theme, " is what we want to
make our people know, that in the American
Revolution England did not hate us, but that
the best men in England were our friends
from that time to this, —the men of the Revo-
lution and fathers of our constitution finding
their greatest eulogists in English statesmen
like Brougham and Gladstone. . . The
English historians. Green, Gardiner and the
rest, tell the story of tne American Revolution
precisely as we desire to have it told ; and above
all, the boys and girls in the district schools are
taught this history from their text-books in the
right way, in the way which makes them love
and admire us and our lathers, instead of hat-
ing us."*
In our own country, John Bach MacMaster,
has given us a history modelled somewhat after ■
that of Green, in making more prominent the
social and industrial conditions of the people.
Arthur Gilraan, author of "A History of the
American People," wrote me (188.5) about the
time that that work was published, relative to
his non-use of battle pictures: " I avoided the
class of cuts upon which you animadvert, be-
cause they are usually not true (being simply
imaginative), as well as because I think them
improper to be placed before children. I have
written more or less on historical subjects, and
find myself constantly drawn away from strife
toward the contemplation of the peaceful pro-
gress of civilization. Wars must doubtless be
recorded, but let us not emphasize their details."
Nearly seventy years ago (in 1828) that con-
scienti<ius educator, Emma H. Willard. of Troy,
New York, deprecating the large space usually
given to the wars, made the efl'ort to supply a
text-book of United States history of a more
beneficent character than those ordinarily in
use. Sometime before the civil war, a Friend
of New York city (Ruth Murray, I think) made
an essay in the same direction. About 1880,
appeared the compendious class book of Dr.
Edward Taylor, and two or three years ago,
the one compiled by Prof. A. C. Thomas, of
Haverford College. This, I understand, is being
revised for a new edition.
It will not suffice that the history compiler's
standpoint be that of forbearance and amity
between the United States and Great Britain,
or between the Anglo-Saxon peoples the world
over. The conscience of professing Christendom
appears to be slowly coming up to the appre-
hension that the settlement of the misunder-
standings and grievances of its component na-
tions by resort to fighting, is not only expensive
and barbarous, but that it is morally wrong.
When that deeply inquisitive disciple of Con-
fucius, Li Hung Chang, visited Gladstone a
*rhe following was noted, some years ago, after Ic«ik
ingover an English com|)ilalion, LilUe Arthur's His-
tory of France. " While this book, lor children mainly
contains lilteen illnstralions, one cf these is a mnrdei
scene, eleven are representations of battles or of othei
warlike subjects, and one lias reference to an in^ideni
of war. There remains, then, but one picture, in ad
dition to the map, which docs not suggest to enqnirint
youth, that man is, above all things else, a figlilinj
Mo. 19, 1896
THE FRIEND.
173
lOTitb iir two ago, and asked him what he
i(iui;ht of war, Eughiini's greatest statesman
elilit'iutely replied: "War benefits nobody.
1 all ca^es one country is in the wrong, and
erv I'tten both countrifs are in the wrong."
<J0' d marginal note indeed for the new text-
of)k i.f history that shall tell of Earl Li's
otaijle tour.
JosiAH W. Leeds.
GROOVING OLD.
They call it going down the liiU
When we are growing old,
And speak with mournful accents
When our tale is nearly told ;
They sigh when talking if the past,
The days that nsed to lie.
As if the future were not bright
It
But it is not going down,
'Tis climbing higher and higher,
Until we almost see the mount
To which our souls aspire;
For if the natural eye grows dim.
It is but dim to earth.
While the eye of faith grows keener
To see the .Saviour's worth.
For though in truth the outward man
Must perish and decay.
The inward man siiall be renewed
By grace from day to day ;
Those who are planted by the Lord,
Unshaken in their rrot.
Shall in their old age flourish
And bring forth choicest fruit.
It is not years that make men old,
The spirit niav be young
Though fully threescore yetrs and ten
The wheels of life have run ;
God has himself recorded
In his blessed Word of Truth,
That they who wail upon the Lord
Shall oft renew their youth.
And when the eye, now dim with tears.
Shall open to behold the King,
And ears now dull with coming age
Shall hear the harps of heaven ring.
And on ihe head now hoary
Shall be placed a crown of gold.
Then shall we know the lasting joy
Of never growing ohl.
|I7HEN MOTHER SITS DOW^N BY THE
FIRE.
I 3I.4RY BURB BANKS.
D, the five o'clock chime bring-i the cosiest time
That is found in the whole of the day,
^rhen Larry and 'Jus and the others of us
Come in'from our study or play;
•Vhen we push the big chair to the hearth over there.
And pile the wood higher and higher,
\.nd we make her a space in the very best place—
And mother sits down by the fire.
There's a great deal to say at the close of the day,
I And so much to talk over with mother;
There's a comical sight or a horrible plight.
Or a ball game, or s imething or other ;
And she'll laugh with Larry, and sigh with Hurry,
And smile to our heart's desire
\t a triumph won or a task well done —
'< When sitting down ihere by the tire.
Then little she'll care for the clothes that we tear,
Or the havoc we make on her larder ;
?or the toil and the strife of our everyday life
She will love us a little bit harder ;
Then our lady is she, and her knights we would be,
; And her trust doughty deeds will inspire ;
For we long then anew to be generous and true-
When mother sits down bv the fire.
— The Independent.
" He who would benefit his fellow man must
'■ walk by ftiith,' sowing his seed in the morning,
nnd in the evening withholding not his hand."
-Tlw S,'oUisli Br for men.
A Search for Truth.
[Thi.s pamphlet printed by J. E. Houthall of
Newport, Monmouthshire, England, is an auto-
biographical narrative of an e.x-local officer of
the Salvation Army. It is reprinted with slight
omitsions.]
"Dear Fun:Nr>.-:— Some of you have been
concerned at the change in my manner of life,
and have thought I was backsliding from my
Christian profession, and seeing that no man
liveth to himself alone, I have felt constrained
to give you some account of what has led to the
change, in order that none may be discouraged
by what they have thought to be my unrea.son-
able rejection of some common customs. 1 am
the more inclined thereto because 1 have re-
moved from the midst of some of my acquaint-
ances before there was much opportunity for
e.xplanation. In the change I humbly believe
I have been under Divine direi'tion, and my
quotations of scripture chapter and verse are
made in the interest of those who believe the
Holy Scriptures to be the one rule for the Chris-
tian. For myself, I accept the Holy Spirit of
Christ as the primary and universal rule, and
this accords wiili the scripture statement, ' As
many as are led by the Spirit of God,' they are
the Sons of God, and others. That is the Spirit
who inspired the Holy Scriptures, and conse-
quently will never be contrary to them.
" In my boyhood and afterwards, I came in
close contact with many professors of the vari-
ous sects of religion who seemed to have no con-
fidence in the reality of their ground of faith,
but almost all spjke and acted as if their forms
and ceremonies were carried out, so that, if in
the final event the Bible proved true, they would
be all right, and if not, there would be no harm
done; and indeed with solemnity I write it, re-
ligion was often treated like a system of fire
insurance. Yet in my soul I knew that there
was such a thing as real religion, and I often
yearned for power to overcome the evil in my
nature, but as I look back in the light of sub-
sequent events, I believe that many of the ser-
mons I heard, and books I read, tended to con-
fuse rather than assist me. In despair I got
careless of restraint, and allowed myself to run
into evil courses, although hypocritically pro-
fessing Christianity, and many times entering
into controversy with others on religion. At
last I lieard some new converts of the Salvation
Army detail their experience, in which they
spoke with confidence of a personal spiritual
communication with Christ, and I felt that I
had found some who knew God.
" I went from them with a fresh hope and
desire for purity, that I too might know and
serve God. For months my mental struggles
were intense, I knew I was in a hopeless state
by nature, but felt that it would be a terrible
thing, for flesh and blood, to let God have his
way with me. I felt that, to obtain the pearl
I must give up all to which I clung; in short,
I must pay the price. I again went to a S. A.
meeting, and in the craving for outward act and
word, instead of looking to the Light of Christ
within, I went to the ' penitent form ; ' I was
bidden 'only believe,' but I felt they were blind
guides, as l"knew what was required, and went
away still miserable.
" Some months later I heard the word ' con-
verting' used in a quotation from Holy Scrip-
ture, and it was so applied to my mind that I
was enabled to submit ray will to the discipline
of God's Holy Spirit, that He might truly con-
vert me from" evil to righteousness.
" Alone, I dealt with God. Stnoking wa.s a
terrible habit to me, which I had hitiierto com-
l)atted in vain, but faith, which is the gilt of
God, was given me, and I was enabled there
and then to destroy my smoking ai)paratus, ami
the taste for tobacco ha.s never returned — the
taste for strong drink was al.s*) taken away —
and now came a still greater conflict: It was
reipiired of me that I should confess and make
restitution for wrongs which I ha<l done. It
was terrible, and I could only get so far as to
say that I was helpless, but that I would sub-
mit at such time and as far as He would give
me power to do so ; this was accepted, and the
|)eace in my soul was sweet.
The entire history of my spiritual struggles
need not be given. I found few who could
sympathize with me, and all my conflicts were
without human intervention. Yet with all tbi.s
I was very busy as to the outward ; I wanted
others to know .something of salvation, anrl too
often I ran without being sent. Among other
things I induced the Salvation Army to open
meetings in our neighborhooil, and was promi-
nent in the meeting.s. For a time I was carried
on by the excitement, and forced an appearance
of satisfaction even after I had begun to have
misgivings as to the spirituality of the S. A.
.■iystem ; nevertheless, I felt a living desire to be
just what God would have me to be ; and in my
heart I prayed ' Lord make me real,' even when
my mouth uttered other words. I wa.s now re-
quired to make the confes.-ion and restitution
which had been shown to me before, and I felt
that it was more than I could emiure, especially
after having recently made such an outward
profession, and had made ac<piaintance with
Christians around. Long and fierce was the
struggle in which I had wellnigh made ship-
wreck of faith, but finally I was, through grace,
enabled to humble myself as in the dust; my
confessions, etc., were received with surpri.-e,
but I was favored beyond expectation, and I
came out of the conflict spiritually stronger than
I had been. I continued my human best to
convey to others the tidings of salvation, but
was, to a very large extent, using the borrowed
words so deprecated by the ancient prophets,
although from time to time I felt that I was
blessed in what I did. Gradually my eves were
opened to see the errors of the S. A. system, that
even though some souls were brought to a de-
gree of spiritual light, they were not left or di-
rected to the Spirit of Christ within them, but
while in the tender bud were impressed with the
importance of submission to the Salvation Army
discipline and the rule of its officers, and many
a groping soul has, I believe, thus gone back
into the darkness; others by a spurious or bas-
tard birth have made a fair show for a time,
but gradually disappeared ; and in those Corps
of which I knew most, not five per cent, of those
who professed as Salvationists, are now profes-
sing Christians.
"On the subject of prayer I felt especial con-
cern, as I was satisfied that we can oidy pray
truly as we are directed by God's Holy Spirit ;
but by certain people being called on to pray
according as the desire of the officer might sug-
gest, the Spirit's leading was defeated, and grad-
ually there grew in every individual a deplora-
ble formality, and regular attendants knew what
words to expect in most of the prayers. I shrank
sometiiues to hear persons addressing the Deity,
and asking that souls should be brought out in
that particular meeting, and telling God that
I his honor was at stake, as they had fulfilled the
I condition, viz:— Asking in Faith. I need not
174
THE FRIEND.
Twelfth Mo. 19, 189i
detail how the Army system works out, suffice
to say that subsidiary officers are in dread of
displeasing their superiors by showing decreased
numbers or finances, and hence are tempted to
highly color and exaggerate their reports and
statistics, and the spirit of emulation is contin-
ually appealed to by Staff Officers and in the
' War Cry.' I first expostulated with officers
and then with William Booth, but my remarks
were treated as signs of back-sliding, and even-
tually I could only find peace in withdrawing.
"My feelings, in the eager rush to carry the
news of salvation everywhere, had been that
unless men were told with the outward voice or
else read from a book or paper of the way of
salvation, they could not be saved from the
punishment of hell : but several scriptures were
graduall}' opened to my mind, as Rom.ii: 14
and 15; Luke xii: 47 and 48; and I felt that
God was just, and would not damn souls with-
out mercy, because of mine or another man's
failure to keep up a regular round of preaching,
singing and praying. This gradually took shape
in ray mind, but was still in a crude form, when
I obtained an old copy of ' Barclay's Apology.'
The teaching of Barclay answered to the Wit-
ness within me in most things, and in time I
came to see the symmetry of the Truth, as owned
by Ancient Friends.
"For some time after I left the Salvation
Array, I taught a class in the Primitive Metho-
dist school, spoke in their meetings on some oc-
cassions, and was much pressed to enter into
membership with the people; it would have
been pleasant to do so, but I dared not, as I felt
I should not long be free to acknowledge that
kind of worship which is done in man's will;
and although I know good men in various sects
who know God and the power of his resurrec-
tion in their souls, yet I feel that it is in spite
of their religious surroundings, and not a conse-
quence. Later on I felt that for rae, it would
be wnmg to continue to attend formal worship,
and found it right to sit in quietness in my own
house and wait upon God after the manner
of Friends, even though with no human com-
panion.
" I felt for a long time that it would be pleas-
ant to be near Friends (or Quakers) with whom
I could hold converse, but as I came in contact
with them and their modern literature, I found
a mere shadow of the spiritual religion of Fox,
Barclay, Penn, etc., and which had so answered
to the Witness in my own soul. I found Friends'
quiet singin j; more to my taste than the singing
in most sects, but afterwards learnt that machine
music was adopted by them in some places, and
it led ma to examine the subject, when it was
shown me that music and .singing as such, could
not i)e worship, although an individual may,
under the influence of the Spirit, express him-
self in song, or otherwi.se, as it shall please the
Great Master of Assemblies to direct him.
"1 now briefly state, viz: — the principles
which I believe are held by true Friends.
" Every man born on this earth, and while
yet a dweller thereon, has such light given him
that, if he will, he may escape perdition, and
the Light named, is a manifestation of Christ
in the soul. God .is a Spirit, and they that wor-
ship Him must worship Him in spirit aud in
truth.
"He is mentioned in Holy Scripture under
various names, characters, and similitudes, to
enable our finite minds to grasp some idea of
his majesty, power, and glory.
" He is omnipresent, so that any place is
suitable for worship if we can come into the
' silence of all flesh," hence no building or place
is holier or better that another. It is not al-
lowable to uncover the head to honor any build-
ing, or man, or woman, because that is an act
of worship due only to God. Oral expression
of worship, prayer, or discourse, should be under
the direct influence of the Holy Spirit, and any
words spoken under his directions (to whom all
hearts are open) shall be as seeds falling on
prepared ground ; and to such words shall the
ancient promise apply, 'My word shall not re-
turn unto me void, but it shall accomplish that
which I please.'
" Absolute truth is required of all, whether
in names, descriptions or assertion, hence in
naming months, or days, I cannot give to them
the names of heathen gods, the existence of
which I do not believe, even though it be a
custom with the world generally (Josh, xxiii:
7, Ex. xxiii : 13, Ex. xxiii : 2). Neither can I
address one person as 'you,' seeing that 'you'
is plural. Also truth requires the disuse of flat-
tering words as ' Sir,' ' Worship,' ' Honor,' ' Rev-
erend,' ' Mr.,' ' Mrs.,' ' Miss.'
" True baptism is Spiritual, i. e., a baptism
into the nature, power, and influence of Christ,
all types and shadows being done away now
that the Jewish law is abrogated.
"Communion with Christ is Spiritual, and
does not require the consumption of bread and
wine, which was the outward part of the Pass-
over Feast which Jesus directed his disciples
(who were Jews) to continue, with a new mean-
ing so often as that National Feast was partaken
by them.
" The Word of God is Christ, and not the
Scriptures, although they are words in all or in
part written according to the Will of God. The
Scriptures can never bring salvation, which
must be by spiritual contact of the soul with
Christ, with or without a knowledge of the Holy
Scriptures, In some cases ' word' is applied to
some special command or message from God,
but never to the Bible as a concrete book.
" It is wicked to take an oath, whether for
private or public purposes. All oaths are for-
bidden by Christ, who said that our cfimmuni-
cations should be yea or na^-, viz: — Simple
assertion without undue adjective, interjection,
or forcible language.
"War, and the spirit that begets war, are
contrary to the Spirit of Christ, and are utterly
evil, and therefore unnecessary.
"As the Gift of God cannot be purchased
with money, neither can spiritual gifts be dis-
pensed by man in his own will. So it is evil
fur men to sell their supposed ministry for a
money payment, and those who contribute there-
to partake of the evil.
"That pride is evil, and it is wrong to deck
our bodies and houses with mere ornament aud
trimming, yet cleanliness, decency, and order
are desirable and necessary to every Christian.
"The Jewish law is of no effect as a compul-
sory institution, but many of its precepts, when
voluntarily complied with, prove advantageous
from a moral and sanitary point of view. Self-
denial is absolutely necessary in the Christian life.
" For what I have written I alone am respon-
sible, being at this date unconnected with any
organized body or church."
" We should not forget that ' the kingdom of
heaven is within ;' that it is the state and af-
fections of the soul, the answer of a good con-
science, the sense of harmony with God, a con-
dition of time as well as of eternitv." — J. 0.
WhiUicr.
A Vaccine Farm.
In Marietta, Pa., in Lancaster County, when
the richest farming land in that great State ii
found, is situated a model establishment kiiowi
as the Lancaster County Vaccine Farms. Hen
is a series of buildings in which five hundrec
head of cattle could be under treatment at thi
same time if necessary — as might be the case i
a great epidemic like that of 1872 should gaii
headway in the country. The animals selecte(
are young heifers ranging from one to two ant
a half years, raised by the surrounding farmer
for their future milch cows. These animals an
rented to the vaccine propagators, being brough
to the stables and prepared, and passed thro ugl
the vaccinating process, and recovered to sounc
health, and returned to their owners in abou
thirty days.
The auimals are brought either in wagon
built expressly for the purpose or are driven
They are thoroughly groomed aud allowed to re
cover from the agitation of their journey. Thei
temperature is taken morning and evening
aud they are tested with tuberculin fortubercu
losis. If any are found with this disease a pri&
is fixed and they are at once killed, so as to re
move all danger of infecting the locality. Si
careful has been the watch, and so resolute thi
destruction, that the whole region is wonderfulb
free from diseased animals of any kind. Thi
accepted candidates are then removed to i
stable that is as light as a lady's parlor, thi
floors being of a concrete that is washed inti
trapped drain pipes, and they are flushed si
often as to be perfectly clean. The diet is tlia
which experience has shown will produce thi
most perfect health, aud just as great care i
given during the inevitable " sickness " that fol
lows vaccination ; for it is found that if musti
food or unpalatable water is offered, an anima
will often refuse to eat or drink for twenty-fou
hours, and at certain critical seasons this wil
result in the failure to form a proper vesicle
and so far is unprofitable, pecuniarily viewed
The operating room is flooded with sunshine
but protected from the ingress of flies by windov
screens. When the animal is secured by thi
proper appliances, the operator, dressed in :
clean suit of white duck, washes his hands in ;
bichlorid solution and scarifies a spot that ha
previously been washed with bichlorid solution
and shaved twice, and dried with a clean towel
The knife used has been carefully sterilizec
and every precaution taken that no particle o
dust shall get into the wounds. The lymph i
carefully rubbed into the wounds, and the op
eralor waits for the disease to run its course.
The vesicle is in a proper condition for th
removal of the lymph in from five to seven days
A " crust" is formed that our fathers though!;
was the right material to use in the old-fash
ioned, human, arm-toarm process. There anj
possibilities of this crust being contaminated b'j
particles of dust, and if this dust is from dirt;!
hay, the potent bacterium of lockjaw may b'l
there. This is removed, and beneath it is :
layer that is at once removed, for it often con
tains the bacteria of pus, which while worthies
as vaccine, can set up a distressing inflamma
tioii in a new subject. All the area about th
vesicle is washed with bichlorid before begin!
ning the removal of the lymph. The ivor;
" points" on which it is taken are soaked in al
cohol, placed on a screen and a lighted matcl
applied, and afterward placed in a hot-air stei;
ilizer, and arranged in wooden clamps holdin;!
fifty. Then as the lymph oozes up from th ]
bared and cleansed vesicle, it is painted wit
h Mo. lit, 1896
THE FRIEND.
175
terilized brushes onto the points ; and just as
oinute care is given to packing it for sale.
; The operating room and the packing room
■re finished in wood matched to avoid cracks,
iarefidly painted and varnished, and very fre-
iiently washed down with bichlorid solution.
-Tilt' Independent.
Natural History, Science, etc.
' Observing Nature. — When among the nioun-
ains of South Africa, Scott-Elliot had an nttack
f fever. He says, " I went into the hut and re-
aember nothing till ne.\t morning, about ten
.. M., when the natives gave me a chicken and
iTum roots to satisfy a raging hunger.
"That day I crawled a few hundred yards
Into the jungle while my men were seeking the
hings left up the hill, and sat down on a fallen
bg to watch the forest. Such moments can be
put rarely permitted to a conscientious natu-
alist, whose whole time should be spent in fe-
verishly grabbing things not seen before, and
.fild aliases after flighty and restless insects ;
')Ut they are very pleasant when one can allow
■neself a rest. A beautiful bird, which I be-
ieve to be a touracoo, ran up and down a
iranch, using its broad, expanded tail as a bal-
i'.nce. A troop of monkeys were feeding not far
' Iff, and seeing me perfectly still, came quite
^lose. They were probably a species of Cerco-
)ithecus, with brown fur and white eyebrows
md imperial. Their expression is very melan-
choly and depressed. Eight or nine of the
dder males came within five or ten yards, and
'egarded me severely ; then they would slowly
■iroduce an enormous smile witli an extremely
tomic etfect. This is intented to frighten the
observer, and is quite a common habit of mon-
teys. I have seen, e. g., the Colobus monkey
•loing the same thing.
" These things only happen when one has no
^un and is in a very patient condition. To
hose who are not by nature naturalists, it is a
'iseful hint to remember that if one wishes to
)bserve the habits of any living creature, from a
)umble bee to an antelope, the essential is to
■emain absolutely still. The very slightest
novement directs the attention of any wild
hing to the place, and it at once becomes sus-
licious. When quite still, they do not in most
';ases distinguish the difference in color. It is
ust as hard for us to see an insect when it is
^uite quiet, but the slightest movement reveals
t if one watches patiently.
Bark Cloth.— The fig producing this cloth is
i'ery widely cultivated all through the Victoria
. "egioDjand up to six thousand feet on Renwen-
!ori. On one of the rare occasions on which I
managed to arrive unexpectedly !u a Wawamba
■ Valley, we heard from every hamlet the knock-
ng of the heavy wooden mallet with which they
oeat out the strip of bark which is taken from
;he tree. They usually cut away a nearly com-
ilete cylinder from as high as they can reach
■ ^0 the ground. This is spread upon the trunk
)f a tree, and every portion is gently and regu-
- arly hammered till it becomes almost twice as
: wide as before. The cloth so formed is rather
:;oarse in texture, but of a very nice brownish
■.erra-cotta color. It is very easily torn, and
.•(Sjecomes often completely spoiled by a single
t {shower. — A NaturalM in Mid- Africa.
Items.
4' Silver-Track Dramirays. S/afe and Nafionnl. —
f "■' The Waste of ' Personal Liberty ' versus the Win-
. aings of Abstinence for the Public Good."— There
is a good deal of earnest, even angry compliiint
from some of our large cities, notably Xew York
and Philadelphia, that there are thousands of chil-
dren for whom there has been no public school ao
commodation provided. The prevalence of prohi-
bition, or, we will say, of personnl abstinence for
the individual good "and the jimM;- •_- - <1, would
give the country in one yc:ii ' |iublic
school houses in cities, costiiu - i > i" ■ , , h, and
10,000 for ihe towns and tin- cuuiitr, >l,-!n> is, av-
eraging $4,000 each, with 5,000 kiii(lci-_':irt.Ti- ;o].l
day nurseries for the children of the poor, :it .-:;,iiit()
each; likewise, 1,000 industrial sclioni-, Ln-;iri_'
$50,000 apiece, supplemented by 2,50o public li
braries at an average of the same liberal fisure. As
our abstinent people would be in a generally better
condition to attend places of worship, we could
provide 500 new church edifices in cities at $40,-
000 each, and .3,000 in the outlying districts at $10,-
000 each. Uur hearts being then presumably en-
larged, we would be able to supply for the relief of
unfortunate, indigent and suffering humanity, 200
public hospitals, costing $-500,000 each, 100 homes
for incurables, at $75,000 each, 50 hospitals for
consumptives at $100,000 each, 50 orphan asylums
at the same cost, 100 training institutions for nurses
at $50,000 each, and 1,500 poor women's employ-
ment rooms and soup kitchens at 11,000 apiece.
Although our prisons and penitentiaries would no
longer have even one occupant per cell, our fund
could spare $100,000 apiece for 150 preventive and
relbrmatory institutions, not forgetting the provid-
ing of public baths and gymnasiums, an even 5,000
of'them, at $-5,000 each, and to top all, 200 public
parks arljacent to the cities, of 1,000 acres each,
costing $400 per acre, together with 200 farm colo-
nies of the same area, at one-fourth the expense
per acre, for the "submerged tenth." Xeverthele.-s,
ve would have
hand that
Id have otherwise gone upon the nations' one
thousand million dollar liquor score, wherewith
something considerable might be done in improv-
ing the country roads.
The legislature of Pennsylvania has been strenu-
ously impleaded for one million dollars, to make a
rousing beginning toward the improvement of the
roads of that commonwealth, but with the balance
of the wastage fund of which we have been speak-
ing, there could be constructed substantially sur-
faced stone roads, of fourteen feet width, costing
$4,000 per mile, on each side of the three trans-
continental railway systems, extending from tlip
Atlantic to the Pacific Oceans, or a total length of
24,000 miles of macadamized roadway ; after which,
starting afresli, we could build a grand macadam-
ized avenue, six times the width of the above, and
costing $24,000 per mile, the whole ten thousand
miles" circuit of the United States I—./. W. Leed.^.
THE FRIEND.
TWELFTH MONTH
It is instructive to observe how earnestly the
Apostle Paul exhorted those formerly on whom
rested the care of the congregation at Ephesus,
" Take heed unto yourselves, and to all the flock
over the which the Holy Ghost hath made you
overseers, to feed the church of God."
The duties of an overseer, in our own branch
of the Christian church, are weighty and im-
portant, and they cannot be fully performed
without watchfulness and devotedness to the
cause of Christ; nor without the Divine help,
which must be sought for and looked after in
all labor that is designed to promote the spiritual
welfare of others.
It is no light matter for any one to watch
over the members of the Church ; since he must
give an account of his stewardship to the Great
Master of us all. Those who are faithful herein,
will be impressed with a sense of their own
frailty, and of their dependence for preservation
on a higher power; and hence will be enabled
to enter into sympathy wiili liiose who are in
danger of l)eing drawn from the right way by
the varied temptations which assail u.s. These
they will seek to utrengtljcn, and encourage to
faithful perseverance in well-doing.
If any of their fellow-professors have yielded
to the tempter, they will seek their restoration
in the spirit of Israel's Shepherd, " Who castetli
not off his sheep because of their wanderings, be-
cause of their backslidings, l>ecause of their in-
tirtnities, because of their diseases, nay, not be-
cause of their hardne.«9 ; but pursues (hem with
his love, findeth them out, visiteth with his cor-
recting hand according to their ueed, woundeth
with his sword, and melteth in his fire, until He
hath made them tender and pliable, and then
He pours in the fresh oil of his salvation, and
sweetly healeth them."
Those who are faithful overseers in our meet-
ings have a just claim upon the sympathy of
their fellow-members, and yet we doubt not at
times they are subjected to uncharitable reflec-
tions or censure from some of the more luke-
warm or thoughtless, who have little sen.se of
the weighty nature of the service devolving
upon them ; and are therefore more easily drawn
into unjustifiable criticisn), and into an errone-
ous construction of their language and actions.
Would that all under our name, whether
younger or older, were concerned to " niimJ
Truth, the service, enjoyment and pf)S.session (d'
it " in their hearts, and so to walk as to bring
no disgrace upon it, but to be a gofxl savour
in the places where they live, and thus " walk
sweetly, meekly, tenderly, peaceably and lov-
ingly one with another."
A few months ago we gave notice of the issue
of a new edition of Stephen Grellet's Journal
in one volume of over nine hundred pages.
Price, one dollar and a half bound in cloth,
and two dollars bound in half morocco.
The Friends who have charge of the Bfx>k-
store, -304 Arch Street, Philadelphia, having
stated that this price, moderate although it was,
hail been (ibjected to bv some pureha-ei.«, the
Bo,,k O^mmi'ttee of the Meeting for Sufferings,
at its meeting on the 11th inst., concluded to
lower the price, and authorizeil their agent here-
after to sell the cloth bound copies at one dollar
each, and those in half morocco at one ihdlar
and a half, with the hope that this change wouUl
lead to a more extensive sale of this valuable
work, and encourage some, who know its worth,
to purchase copies to give to other?, to whom
its perusal would have a beneficial effect.
SUMMARY OF EVENTS.
United States. — On llie 9ih inst., lliree joint reso-
lutions relating to Ciit'a were introduced by Senators
Cameron, Mills and Call. The tir-t acknowledges the
independence of the island and directs the fiiendlv
offices of the United Slates Government with Spain
to bring the war !•■ a close. The second directs the
Presi.ient to take possession of Ihe island with the
inililary and naval forces of the United States, and
hold possession until the Cuban people can organize
a government. The third recognizes the Kepnldic of
Cut a as a free and independent Governrneni and ex-
tends to it all rights in the ports and within the juris-
diction of the United States. The first two were re-
ferred to the Cooinjittee on Foreign Kelaiions, and
the last was laid on the table temporarily.
Kefiorts from Washington slate that the House
Committee on Ways and Means will formulate at
once a tariff bill, with the expectation of sobmitting
it to an extra session of Consress after the inaugura-
tion of President elect McKinley. Reciprocity will
be a leading leature of the new measnre.
Complete official returns from Illinois give.McKin-
lev, GO-5.124; Bryan, 464,109; Palmer, 0299; Lever-
ing, 9S0S. McKinley's majority, 124,908.
176
THE FRIEND.
rwelfth Mo. 19,1896
Tlie Public Ledger says eciitori;<Ily : " Nobody will
suppose for a uioiuenl tbiit ihe overwhelming vote —
104 to 7 — by wbich the House passed the bill forbid-
ding the sale of intoxicating liquor in the Capitol be-
tokened the members' antipathy to alcohol. The tastes
and habits of the average Ck)ngressman are too well
known to admit any such supposition. It was a sig-
nificant concession to public sentiment and a marked
indication of the disrepute in which the drinking
habit is now held in this country."
.V Pierre despatch says that it has been learned that
owing to a blunder in'the preparation of the ballots
the vote by which the South Dakota Constitution was
supposed to have been amended on Eleventh Month
ord is void. Among the amendments was one repeal-
ing the prohibitory article.
Bv the last census there were 73,045 paupers in the
United States, of whom 40,741 were men and 32,304
were women. This embraces only those who were
inmates of almshouses,
A Fort Smith, Ark., despatch says that the Dawes
Commission and delegates of the Choctaw Nation
liave reached an agreement looking to the division of
their lands and the ultimate abandonment of the
tribal system.
Evangelist Moody said in New York last week : " I
know everything you would say in favor of the Sun-
day newspaper, that it is the Monday paper that
causes Sunday work, and so on. But there are 200,000
boys selling papers <m Sunday. Would you like to
have your boy one of them ? For myself, 1 never read
a Sunday paper; I wouldn't have one in my house.
You may t ilk about Tammany ! But I believe right
down in my heart that the Sunday papers have done
more harm than Tammany ever did. Why, look at
this one item. There were 25,000 divorces last year in
this country. The Sunday papers describe everything
of I hat sort at great length. Tell me that doesn't put
the idea in many a man's head to go and get a divorce ?
Look at your suicides! A man reads such an account
on Sunday when he has plenty of time, and (he devil
tempts him to do the same thing. There were 3000
murders in this country in 1890; in 1895 there were
12,000. They are increa.-ing all the time. I have
(ought this thing right along. We never hud a .Sun-
day paper till the war came, and we got along very
well without it. Tliey began then, and I think they
have been lowering their tone ever bince. I believe
if this Kepublic gives up the Sabbath we are going to
liave anarchy."
.V special despatch from Morgantown, W. Va., says
that the most e.xlensive purchase of c^ial lands ever
nia<le in the world was consummated there on the 3rd
inst. The tract contains 40,000 acres of land, all in
Preston County, lying between Oakland, Md., and
(iral'ton, W. Va. 'I'he price paid was $iO an acre.
T. L. Mensill, the well-known civil engineer and
geologist, who has completed a map of the tract, says
it is unquestionaliy one of the richest coal fields in
the world, the vein at points being 600 feet thick and
is of splendid quality for coking. The field will be
lapped by two railroads. A line from the Baltimore
and Ohio will go out from some point along the main
line, and the Cheat River Railroad, which will be
built next year fnuu Point Marion, a few miles north
of Moigauiown, to the region will give the .syndicate
a direct route to Pittsburg. It is the inten ion of the
syndicate to erect a number of coking plants at difl'er-
cnt points and make a coking region which will rival
in size the big C^onnellsville region.
A Florida correspondent of the Savannah Morning
A'ewi says : '• Maj.)r W. T. Martin, of the Plant Sys-
tem, with headquarters at Tampa, is now negotiating
with the agent of a Japanese colony for a tract of
10,000 acres of land uix)n which the colonists desire
to settle."
Vast schools of bluefish, snap|)ers and salt water
ninllels have attracted sharks in great numbers to the
wiutbea-t coast of Florida this year.
It is known that the maganese deposits of Arkansas
are more cxicusive than has heretofore been believed.
Instead of pockets, it is alleged, beds have lieen found,
anil veins vaiying in width from four inches to six
feel. In places almost pure mineral is found, suita-
ble for making both steel and glass.
It is reported from Tacoma that fully 500,000 prune,
|icac:li and apple tries in Puget Sound and in liaslern
Washington have been destroyed bv earlv fri«t.
Belated reports from points in South" Dakota say
that six, and probably eigbl, persons peri^bed as the
result of the recent bliszard. Two thousand sheep
in one range were killed.
Deaths in this city last week numliered 427, which
ij 80 more than the previous week and 37 more than
the corresponding week of 1895. Of the whole number
221 were males and 206 lemales: tjt5 died of pneu-
monia; 49 of consumption; 30 of heart disease; 24 of
diphtheria; 19 of apoplexy; 17 of cancer; 15 of con-
vulsions; 14 of croup; 12ofura!mia; 12 of bronchitis ;
12 of typhoid fever ; 12 of inflammation of the brain ;
1 1 of Bright's disease ; 9 of inanition, and 9 of old age.
Marlcels, &C.—U. S. 2's, 95 a 97 ; 4's, reg., 109i a 110;
coupon, llOi a 111 ; new 4's, 119j a 120i ; 5's, 113| a
114i; currency 6's, 100 a 104.
Cotton.— Spot, unchanged : middling uplands, 7f c;
middling gulf, 7jc per pound.
Feed.— Winter bran in bulk, quoted $9.75 a §10.50
per ton.
Floui^.— Winter super, |2.90 a $3.20; do., extras,
$3.30 a $3.50; Pennsylvania roller, clear, $4.25 a $4.50;
do., do., straight, $4!50 a $4.75 ; Western winter, clear,
$4.25 a $4.50; do., do., straight, $4.50 a $4.75; do.,
do., patent. $4.80 a $5.00 ; spring, clear, $3.75 a $4.10 ;
straight, $4.35 a $4.55 ; do., do., patent, $4.50 a $4.75 ;
do., favorite brands, higher. City mills, extra, $3.30
a $3.65; do., clear, $4.25 a $4.50: do., straight, $4.60
a $4.85; do., patent, $4.90 a $5.10. Rye Flour.—
$2.75 per bbl. for choice Pennsylvania. Buckwheat
Flour.— $1.20 a $1.30 per 100 pounds, as to quality.
(jiRAiK.— No. 2 red wheat, 89} a 89Jc.
No. 2 mixed corn, 27J a 275C.
No. 2 white oats, 23| a 241c.
Beef Cattle. — Extra, 4| a 5c.; good, 4J a 4§c.;
medium, 4} a 4|c.; common, SI a 4Jc.
Sheep and Lambs.— Extra, 4 a 4 jc; good, 3* a 3|c.;
medium, 3 a SJc; common, 2J a 2|c.; culls, 2 a 21c.;
lambs, 3.V a 5]c
Hogs were easier, caused by the mild weather:
Western, 5 a 51c.
Foreign. — The London correspondent of the New
York Tiibune writes: "The Chronicle emphasizes the
fact that a new international conference on the silver
question will be impracticable unless preceded by the
submission of some definite scheme by the United
Slates to the Powers. The meaning of this is that
England, even with a group of bimetallis's in the
Government of the day, will not lake any interest in
proposals for a conference unless the question of the
ratio, which it is sought to establish between gold and
silver, is clearly and definitely stated. This is a most
important fact for American legislators to bear in
mind. English raonometallisis, in arguing the case
with bimetallists, invariably ask : ' What ratio do you
propose?' And when no answer is relumed they dis-
miss the whole subject willi a contemptuous gesture.
If a ratio be named in proposals from Washington, a
definite basis of action will be outlined, and the con-
ference scheme may not be impracticable."
The London representative of the New York Tiij^es
observes: " We have it officially no\p, that Russia and
France invited England to co-operate in a general
partition of this empire, and that England declined
on the ground that the division of China is opposed
to British interests. Obviously, it is still more against
those interests to have Russia annex big blocks of the
Chinese coast without any internalii.nal guarantees
whatever. In sheer self-defence England ought im-
mediately to reoccupy Port Hamilton. She stipulated
the right to do Ihis whenever the Chinese allowed any
Russian advance on the norlh, and the British public
is wailing with more of anxiety than of confidence
hear that it has been ordered."
The London c irrespondent of Ihe New York Evening
Pnsl writes: "The report of Dr. Le Neve Foster,
official mineralogist, brings England lace to face with
the fact of pos-sible coal exhaustion. He says that the
supply will not stanil a yearly increase of three and
a half per cent, in the output, and that signs of decline
probably will become apparent within a lifetime
Professor Jevons's estimate was that a century of the
pre.sent rate of progress would exhaust English mines
The Brilish Po.st-office will biiv ten thousand bicy-
cles for the use of carriers.
The Secretary of State for India has m.nde this
strong statement : " The Government of India cannot
but acknowledge the great obligation under wbich it
is laid by the benevolent exerii<ms made by misiion-
elf-denying labi
'■•:<■' the stereolvped life of the
mi; ler English rule."
:> lioilding in Xeres, in Andalu-
:li lust., 110 persons were buried,
and 46 .seriously injured persons
had been taken from the ruins at last account.^.
A new French coin will shortly be issued— a nickel
piece of twenty-five centimes (5 cents). It will be found
aries, wli ;
are infiisii
great pop
Bv the
sia, Spain,
Eleven de
most useful, as at present there is no coin between the ,
half-franc (10 cenls), and the 10-centime or 2-cent '
piece.
The Madrid newspapers are greatly excited over
President Cleveland's references to Cuba and Spain.
The Krupp syndicate is arranging to buy the Bra-
zilian system of railways, and will pay 300,000,000
marks for it.
The bubonic plague, which has been prevalent in ,
Bombay for some time past, is spreading rapidly. •
There were fifty-five new cases and thirty-nine deaths '
from the disease in one day. The mortality in the city
for last week from all diseases was 1,000.
The annual "catlle crop" of New South Wales is
about 400,000, with an annual consumption in Sydney
of 110,000 head. The Queensland "catlle crop" is
about 1,000,000 head, with an annual consumption
of about 50,000 head.
An agent for the Cuban Junta at Jacksonville has
received a letter from a friend in Cuba saying that
General Maceo died by the treachery of the Spaniards,
and his own staff surgeon, Dr. Zertucha, who betrayed
him. It is said Maceo received a request from Mar-
quis Ahumada for a conference wilh a view to ending
the war. Maceo with his staff of thirty-four repaired
to the appointed place, where they were surrounded
by 600 Spanish soldiers, who shot every one except
Dr. Zertucha. Minister DeLome desires that opinion
of this report may be withheld until the Spanish side |
of the question shall be received.
NOTICES.
A YOUNG man with considerable business experi*
ence desires a position with a Friend's firm.
Address " C " Office of The Friend.
A Y'OUNG woman Friend desires a siiualion as house-
keeper, or as companion for an elderly person. Ad-
dress " E," West Chester, Pa.
Sarah J. Bedell wishes to inform Friends she has
removed from 269 S Fourth Street to 21 13 N. Seventli
St., and is willing to do any shopping desired.
Friend's Institute Lyceum. — The nest meeting
will be held at 140 N. Sixteenth Street, Sixth-day
Twelfth Month 18th, at 8 o'clock, p. M.
Friends' Library' will be open Lyceum nighti
from 7.15 to 7.45.
Westtown Boarding School. — Applications foiJ
the admission of pupils to the school, and letters it,^
regard to instruction and discipline should be ad
dressed to William F. Wickersham, Principal.
Payments on aciount of board and tuition, am
communications in regard to business should be for
warded to Edward G. Smedley, Superintendent.
Address, Westtown P. O., Chester Co., Pa.
Westtown Boarding School. — For conveniens
of persons coming to We.sttown School, the stage wil
meet trains leaving Philadelphia 7.17 and 8.46 A. M.
and 2.53 and 4.32 p. m. Other trains are met whei
requested. Stage fare on regular trips, fifteen cents
on special trips, twenty-five cents each way. To read
the school by telegraph, wire West Chester Phone 8E
Edward G. Smedley-, Sup'l.
Died, at her daughter's, near Tonganoxie, Kans
on the thirteenth day of the Seventh Month, 18'.»6, ii,
her eighly-fiflh year, Jane Baldwin, a member 0
Cottonwood Monthly Meeting of Friends. The de
ceasod was born in Randolph County, N. C, the fil
teenth of the Tenth Month, 1810. She removed will
her parents to Indiana in 1828, and was married i
that State to Ahira B.ildwin in 1840. They cauie 1
Kansas in 1868, and setlled near Tong.inoxie, wlier
he deceased the third of the Fourth Month, 1887. Tlii
dear mother, during a long life, was firmly attached t
the principles and lesiiuionies as taught by earl
Friends, and whilst in health she was often hear
pleading for their maintenance, and was faithful i
attending meetings whenever opportunity aflbrdei
although in her later years she was not situated near
meeting of her own. Her friends and relatives liav
the comforting hope that through redeeming love an
mercy, she has been gathered wilh the just of :i
generalions.
, at his residence near Columbus, N. J., EiglH
Month 19th, 1896, Charles Wright, in the eight:
fourth year of his age; a member of Upper Spriiii
field Monthly and Mansfield Particular Meeting.
WILLIAM H. PILE'S SONS, PRINTERS,
No. 422 Walnut Street.
THE FRIEND
A Religions and Literary Journal.
VOL. LXX.
SEVENTH-DAY, TWELFTH MONTH 2t;, 1896.
No. 23.
PUBLISHED WEEKLY.
Price, if paid in advance, $2.00 per i
Edwin P. Sellew, Pitblisher,
Xo. 207 Walnut Place,
iSjuthfrom Walnut Street, between Third and Fourth,)
PHILADELPHIA.
Articles designed for insertion to be addressed to
JOSEPH WALTON,
MOORESTOWN, BUELINGTON Co., N. J.
Bntered as second-class matter at Philadelphia P. O.
iary and Letters of Deborah Brooks Webb.
I (Continued from nase 170.)
II 1865.— Second Month 19th.— Deeply tried in
leetiug to-da\-, with words of a supplication,
'hich were with me all the week. I feared they
'ere not his word.s, and did not give up, but
;ks ou the point of doing so at last, when dear
'. S. stood up with, " Come unto me all ye that
ijibor," etc. I could seem to come to Him after
hat, and lay my burden on Him. "Lead me
! ot into temptation, but deliver me from evil,"
^> ray frequent prayer. Save me, oh. Lord,
ive me for thy mercies' sake. Make me faithful
a my daily walks, that I may have thy bless-
3g. O, sit by, be pleased, thou Great Refiner!
26th. — Gave up to-day, and feel a degree of
^eace and quiet rest in Him, whom 1 really
/ant to serve with my whole heart.
Third Month oth.— One of my dear little
ock has been called from earth. How I long
b be directed what to say to make a profitable
^upression on the children's minds. Come with
iiy Holy Spirit, dear Lord, into my school-
toom. Little Sallie seemed so particularly con-
cientious and pure spirited.
12th. — Gave up to-day to what was before
je. Lord, thou knowest the way that I take.
:*reserve me in thy will only.
I 19(h. — A quiet week, but much encouraged
<) persevere in calm trust.
: 26ih. — Gave up again to-day in humble
rust. "Search me, 0, God, and know my heart,
ry me, and know my thoughts, and see if
here be any wicked way in me, and lead me
a the way everlasting. " Friends " are very
:ind to me, but O, Lord ! I rest in thee. If I
|m wrong, teach me in thy mercy. He has
hewed me this week of the " River of the
<ater of life," and my poor soul has tasted it.
Fourth Mo. 2nd.— Quiet day, and strength-
'ued in the Lord. He who regards the spar-
,ows will look upon my conflicts.
I 9th. — "Be not deceived, God is not mocked,"
?as received to-day in meeting. Oh, I think it
3 for me. O, make me more and more pure
In every motive; mine eye single. I would turn
■t thy reproofs; be pleased to pour out thy
Spirit upon me, make known thy Word unto
ne.
! 16th.— First day of Yearly Meeting. Very
lOrrowful from a sense of former iniquities, but
encouraged to look to Him, who can save to
the uttermost. O, Lord! make me like a little
child, led by thy Holy Spirit, that I sin no
more.
23rd. — My birth-day has passed, and was
witnessed to by much searching of heart. The
Lord has been good to me. This morning Ann
Branson was at our meeting and spoke of Jonaii.
I felt it very much and gave up to what had
been with me for weeks, but I had kept it,
fearing it was my own cogitations instead of the
pure leadings of my Saviour. I thank thee so
much, my dear Lord. I cannot doubt so again,
but be very simple and obedient. Plelp me to
dwell with thee, my Beloved, with my mouth
in the dust. I ftel as though thou wast bringing
me firth to the light.
Fifth Mo. 7th. — Dear Lord, I feel as though
I had abundant cause to bless and praise and
adore thy Holy name, for a little evidence this
day that I am not following " cunningly devised
fal)les," but the merciful leadings of thy good
Spirit. O, help me to be obedient; lead me by
thy power !
14th. — For some time it has seemed as if my
Heavenly Father said, " Go to Woodbury Meet-
ing." To-day, in sure obedience to what seemed
right, I went, and was helpeil, though by his
mercy, and to-night feel a song of praise and
thankfulness. Please, dear Father, bless my
kind brother and sister. Friends were very
kind, but we returned directly home, after
making a call.
21st. — Dear Father, Oh, I want more humilia-
tion of soul, more watchfulness and prayer and
fasting. Help thy poor child to bow down.
Mary Levis was at our meeting to-day — she
belongs to the Hicksite meeting at Byberry —
and spoke to us very well, in true Orthodox
doctrine. We understand they almost perse-
cute her at her own meeting. Her testimony
Wiis mostly to the young, very plain and stir-
ring, and our Friends felt unity.
28th. — Ann Branson again at our meeting,
and my Heavenly Father called mo to say a
little. She afterwards used some of the same
words, and ray heart and faith have been again
strengthened to trust in the Lord, and obev all
He says to me. Glory be unto thy Holy Name
forever.
Sixth Month 4th. — Feel comforted to-day, by
the living presence of my Lord, for it has seemed
as though the Father looked upon my contrite
heart, t mourn so over my inclination to vanity.
I want to feel more humiliation, and ray own
unworthiness of the least favor. I have found
it very hard to say, "Thy will be done," this
week ;" though I have said it many times, still
my fear comes back; He will help me. In
Isaiah He said to me, " I am the Lord thy God,
tliat divided the sea, whose waves roared." " The
Lord of Hosts is his name, and I have put my
words in thy mouth, and I have covered thee in
the shadow of mine hand." Blessed Lord, I
thank thee for this little evidence, and for all thy
great mercies and favors the past week ; a visit
to Ann Branson, and from Abbie Wood to
the school, and intercourse with other e.-teenied
Friends. Give me, O, Father ! a more and
more earnest desire to glorify thy name.
Gtli. — Dear .John Stokes recommended to dig
and beg so as to get down to the seed of life, in
meetings, and said, let our prayer be " Preserve
me, O Lord, :l- the apple of thine eye, keep me
in the hollow of tliy hand, that I turn not to
the right hand or to the left. Help me to work
out my soul's salvation, with fear and trembling,
that all I say and all I do may be to thy glory
and honor." I have spoken unadvisedly in
school the past week sometimes, and feel sorry.
Preserve me. Oh, Ijord, iu mercy.
Seventh Month 2nd. — Vacation has com-
menced, and I am looking forward to going out
of town, and my soul has so dreaded going to
other meetings, but today my heart has been
strengthened to believe the Lord will be with
me, and that He really does call me. Thy
favors are so very many to me, a poor worm of
the dust. What shall" I render unto thee, O,
Lonl.
Eighth Month 6th. — My heart is full of
thanksgiving to the Lord for his mercy in being
so near me, all my journey. I do not deserve it,
f.r sjmetimes I have sinned ; but thou, Lord,
hast forgiven and received me again to thy
favor. Oh, help me the remainder of this vaca-
tion, dear Lord ! Help me to fast and to pray.
On the twenty-second of Seventh Month, ray
dear friend Minerva Carter departed this life,
we humbly hope, to rest. I was thankful in
being there ju^t at that time."^ O, Father ! bless
my friends for all their kindness to me, a poor
creature.
14:h.— Last Second-day was our Quarterly
Meeting, ami a very good one indeed, such a
good, calm feeling, so much good counsel, and
in the last meeting encouragement.
27th. — My visits for this vacation are over
now, and the retrospect is not entirely j)leasant,
because I have not kept entirely under the
cross, all the time. Oh, I have to mourn. Help
me, O, ray deir Lord, to bow down very low,
each day under thy cross ; keep me, that I slip
not away, and grieve thy Holy Spirit. Oh, that
I may "bear about in my body, the dying of
the Lord Jesus," that I may feel his life also.
I gave up to thy will in meeting this morning,
and thou gavest me .\cts second chapter, twenty-
eighth verse to comfort me with thy peace.
Dear William Green was at our meeting a
week ago last Third-day, and I feel so encour-
aged and thankful to'mv Lord for relieving
me of doubts. I thank thee, O Father, that I
can say by thy strength, " Here am I, do with
me as best pleaseth thee."
Ninth Month 3rd.— I ft:el as if my whole will
was not laid in the dust, as it should be, and I
am trving to be entirely his.
Tenth Month 1st.— The Lord indeed takes
me into the wilderness, but He speaks comforta-
bly unto me and feeds me with Heavenly food,
wiien I try to walk faithfully before Him. He
gives me the Valley of Achor, or secret trouble
"^ParUerville, Chester Countv.
178
THE FRIEND.
Twelfth Mo. 26, 1896
indeed, but supports me, aud assures me it is for
my good, that 1 may be purilied aud Jove and
serve Him, with a full soul. Oh, spare not any-
thing evil within me, dear Lord, but in the end
bless me and let me only praise thee forever.
10th. — She thus writes to her young friend,
L. H. B :
" My Heavenly Father knows how much
chastisement I need. He will have my heart
and life. Pray for me, my dear friend, that I
may dedicate it all to Him. I do indeed peti-
tion for thee, at times, that the Lord would
bring thee to himself Dear Laura, let us try
each day to perfect holiness in his fear. Oh,
He knows the path that is best ft^r us to walk
in. How sweet it is, to know our peace made,
and kept daily with Him. Then He will hold
our hand, and take us at last into that Heav-
enly City, where none can say, 'I am sick.'
'Glory, honor, thanksgiving and praise be
forever given unto Him, from our grateful
hearts."
15th.— She writes in her diary : " A favored
meeting this morning, wherein we were enjoined
to " Love not the world, neither the things that
are in the world." Help nie so to repent, dear
Lord, that I may indeed find thy grace and
favor.
Bevan Braithwaite was at meeting this after-
noon, and I feel as if I was to go back to the
furnace and l)e all melteil over again. What a
mercy, O, Lord, that thou art willing to do
anything with me. Behold the clay, form me as
thou wilt, only make me holy.
Eleventh Month 12lh — Some cold and so in-
dulged in temptation. It would have been
better for me to suffer and then have felt the
Divine life more abundant in me, and so have
enjoyed more heavenly communion to-day.
Thou, dear Lord, hast helped me over moun-
tains this week, and praise has filled my soul
in the midst of affliction. I feel my heart fixed,
trusting in God.
19th. — Still indulged too much. It seemed
as though the waves of temptation raged around
me. Oh, that my feet might be still more firmly
planted in the bottom of Jordan. Do with me,
dear Lord, what thou wilt, only make me faith-
ful and steadfast, serving thee.
Twelfih Month 3rd.— Helped to be more
faithful and feel confidence in the Lord. My
heart is more united and devoted to Him. Oh,
I pray thee, dear Lord, give us a mild winter,
on account of the poor, suffering " freedmen."
Thou canst do it. Oh, hear my prayers for it
in thy mercy to us all.
10th. — A week of considerable faithfulness in
my daily walk and of many favors. O, Lord !
Thou art good to me in spirit. When v.ilt thou
turn my caiJtivity outwardly. When shall I
bring all the tithes and give thee the uttermost
farthing, that thou niayst pour me out a bless-
ing ? Oh, continue thy mercy and help me to
bear all the cross, until I am wholly thine
indeed.
17th.— Almost overwhelmed with grief, but
trusting in thee. Thou dost help me to be faith-
ful,.and I can to night give thanks at the re-
membrance of thy holiness, and that thou vis-
itest poor man to make him ])artake thereof
Shall I not be willing to pass throu};li any trial
to be able in his hand to comfort others when
similarly situiited? Oh, dear Lord, thou know-
est how much humiliation I need.
(To be continued.)
The glories of the world always lose their
charms when Jesus is spiritually enjoyed.
Self-denials for Jesus Christ.
BY THEODOKE L. cnYLER.
The first lesson to be learned in the school of
Jesus Christ is a lesson of self-denial. He placed
it at the very gateway of his kingdom. " If
any man will come after me, let him deny him-
self, and take up his cross and follow me." The
reason for this command is that " self" is natu-
rally selfish and monopolizing, and Christ as
King will not accept the mere corner of any
one's heart. He demands the throne.
If self-denial is the first lesson to be learned,
it is always the hardest grace to practice. It
treads on our corns ; worse than that, it often
cuts us to the quick. The daily battle with
every Christian is to subdue that artful, greedy
house-devil, self; and the highest victory of our
religion is to keep our Divine Master enthroned
in our heart. " Simon, son of Jonas, lovest thou
me ?" Peter's noble answer to this test ques-
tion ran on through a long life of toil and sac-
rifice, and ended up with a sublime martyrdom
for his Master. The occasions in which you
and I can make a sacrifice that deserves to be
called heroic are very few ; but in the little acts
of our humble every-day lives we can put Christ
above self, and we ought to do it, and to love
to do it. The business man who is content with
a smaller profit rather than even seem to be
grasping or overreaching, practices a Bible self-
denial. The Christian who suppresses a joke
or a witticism because it might burlesque sacred
things practices the same grace. When we speak
out a bold but unpopular truth, we honor our
Lord at the expense of cowardly self It is
easy to swim with the current ; a dead fish can
do that. Christ's injunction to his followers is
to "come out, and be separate" from the norld.
That often requires us to cut loose and be ac-
counted singular, and provoke a stare, or a
sneer, or a scoff. Slavery to a fiilse public sen-
timent and to worldly fashions is a subtle snare
from which the Church is suffering most sadly.
This world can never be converted by a com-
promise.
There are thousands of professing Christians
who are unwilling to deny themselves the paltry
gratification of a glass of wine on their tables
or at a social entertainment. They cannot but
know that this use of intoxicants is an evil ex-
ample to others, and may cause a " weak brother
to stumble." They know that they are aiding
those drink-usages which underlie all the drunk-
enness and dramselling and misery which flow
from those usages. Because it is fashionable to
partake of wine or other ensnaring drinks and
to offer them to others, they do not hesitate to
do both. They actually countenance and prac-
tice what is manufacturing drunkards! The
Apostle laid down an infinitely nobler principle
when he said : " It is good neither to drink wine
nor anything whereby thy brother stumbleth or
is made weak." He enjoins selfdenial for the
sake of our fellow-men; and until those who
profess to be followers of Jesus are willing to
give up every indulgence that is a direct temp-
tation to others, Christianity will be shorn of
nuich of its power. When every pulpit train:
its artillery against both decanter and dram
shf)p, when every Christian realizes that he i;
his " brother's Iceeper," when Sunday-school:
teach total abstinence, and parents banish the
temptation from their own doors, we shall see
a revival of the temperance reform that will
revolutionize society and save countless souls.
If we look facts squarely in the face we must
acknowledge that the chief hindrance to th
progress of Christianity is sheer selfishness ; and
the only real progress in saving our fellow-men
lies in the road of self denial. A witty minister
once said to me: "I have no trouble in getting
my people to do — everything they like to do."
It is the duties which pinch the hardest that
pay the best. The newspapers chronicle the
donations of certain millionaires as " munifi-
cent ;" in Christ's sight they are not as large as
the haid-earned dollar which the poor needle-
woman drops into the collection plate. Out of
the slums will come heroes and heroines who
will find a seat alongside of Judson and John
G. Patlon and David Livingstone. All cruci-
fixions of pride, and covetousness and love of
ease, all immolations of self for Jesus' sake are
a sacrifice that has the savor of a sweet smell.
" Ye did it unto me" is the benediction with
which Christ pays his servant on the great day
of reckoning. He will be the richest who sur-
renders most for Him.
" Lovest thou me more than all these things?"
is Christ's scale of measurement. Giving up in
order to please Him counts as much as any
taking up; in fact, the pinch on selfishness of-
tener comes in the former way than the latter.
Paul's keeping his body under for Christ's sake
was as grand a service as his sermon on Mars
Hill. One of the hardest things for our selfish-
ness is to give up having our own way and to
let God have his way. The essence of loyal
obedience lies just there; and it is just there
that selfish pride and wilfulness must be met
and conquered. We have got to say "no" to
self before we can say " thy will, oh Lord, be
done!" Whoever is perfectly willing to let
Christ give every casting vote, has attained to
the niuchtalked-about " higher life." :
With Christ once enthroned in the heart,
everything becomes tributary to Him. That is
the searchlight to be turned on your heart; do
you love Him more than your money? Then
He will hold the key to your purse. Do yott
love Him more than your ease? Pray for the
grace that pinches self! If it cuts down pride
and cleans out covetousness all the better. Thii
battle with self will go on to the last; and it ii
not to be mere " beating the air." Every vie
tory makes you stronger. Whatever you and
I may gladly lose for Christ's sake will be laidj
up for us as our eternal treasure in Heaven. — |
The Independent.
The " Quiet Day."— The " Quiet Day" sug |
gested by the Evangelical Alliance was ex ten f
sively observed, not only among pastors, bui
also in theological seminaries. The forenooi
and afternoon were usually spent in prayer anc,
conference by the pastors, and in the evening
the officers of their respective churches me
with them. Reports of the observance of thi
day may be summed up in such sentences as th'
follov;ing: "The day was one of profounc
thought, great solemnity, and much profit;'
" Very profitable, spirit excellent, evening meet
ing with laity very strong ;" "A holy day. N'
one came but felt he had met God ;" "I thanl
God you suggested the day;" "The unanimou
testimony was that the service was one of dee;
spiritual blessing;" "The deepest spiritual in
terest was manifested, and no doubt other meel
ings will be the outcome;" "The services wer
of unparalleled interest. We could not bu
recognize manifestations of the especial presenc
of the Holy Spirit." In a number of comnuin
ties the " Quiet Day" led to active measures fn
the immediate organization of a local churc
alliance. — Christian Advocate.
'welfth Mo. 26, 1896
THE FRIEND.
179
Catherine Louisa McCheane.
The subject of this little iiii-iiiorial was the
aii,:?iiter of William C. and Caroline McCheane
f IMatlock, Derbyshire, and was boru at King's
leath, near liirniiugham oa the eighth of See-
nd Month, 187tj.
: She was from a child, of a tender loving dis-
osition, and early manifested a desire to do
''hat she believed to be right.
Wheu about ten years of age she had a severe
Iness, which appears to have been a time of
,)ivine visitation to her, as she afterwards s ui,
hat she had then prayeil to her Heavenly Father
hat she might recover, and she would try to live
'lore closely to what she felt was right. From
^at time her character was more markedly
eligious, and the seriousness of her deportment,
nd the sweet peaceful expression of her counteu-
nce, showed that she was endeavoring to walk
1 the steps of her dear Iledeemer.
; The following extracts from short memoranda
aade by her from time to time, will show some-
hing of the progress of the work of Divine
irace in her lieart.
' 1891— First Month, 2.3th.— "This morning
:woke with a sweet feeling of inward peace and
'omfort, with a heart full of gratitude to the
jliver of all good gifts, for the refreshing slum-
er I had had during the hours of night. My
,eart seemed to overflow with love to Him . . .
,ud I felt, O ! how good we ought to be who
re favored with so many blessings from the
ountiful hand of the good Shepherd, who has
;iade all things for our happiness and comfort."
28th. — "Oh, we ought never to grieve so lov-
3g and tender a parent, who has loved us from
he very first, and is waiting for us to come to
lim and taste of his goodness, who is such a
lerciful and gracious Father, the Omniscient
nd Omnipresent. May I grow up in his holy
;3ar, and feel his presence very near and dear
) me, day by day, on my journey through this
■assing world, whose pleasures are transient,
ut the joys of the world to come are everlast-
ag, and will never pass away."
Ninth Month, 9th.— "I have been thinking
.'hat a poor frail creature I am, yet howgraci-
usly the Lord careth for me day by day dur-
ag my journey through this life. I wish I was
acre grateful for his protecting care over me,
;ho am so unworthy of his love and tender
are."
I Ninth Month, 25th. — "It is sorrowful to be-
lold how many are so full of their sensual
ileasures and transient amusements that they
prget to thank God for giving them a Light
^ithin to discern between right and wrong,
,nd also slight the gentle loving voice which
,alls to them, and tells them in the secret of
heir own souls to cease to do evil, and learn to
lo well, and to turn from the foolish and live.
it is a sweet and still small voice, and those
vho are lowly, meek and childlike hear this
;entle voice calling to them, and they rejoice
o hear it. Oh, that I may always be kept in
. humble, lowly state of mind, that I may not
urn aside to the vain things of this life, and
nay I be preserved from the allurements of the
porld, and all the evil things of it, and always
^sten to this voice in ray heart."
Alluding to the beauties of nature around
hera, she writes: —
'' I have always been very much pleased to
ee the wonderful works of our Heavenly Father
D other places, but never felt them as I have
ince I have been at Matlock. How beautiful
s the scenery around us; how sublime! It
eems like a glorious picture spread before our
eyes to draw u.-< to admire the haudiw.irk of
Him who mailu all so fair and lovely. Every-
thing tends to draw forth feelings of gratitude
and praise to Him, and to a realization of that
verse in Scripture, ' The earth is full of the good-
ness of the Lord.' "
In reference to the death of a near neighbor,
she remarks : —
" Who knows how soon any of us might be
called to put off mortality, as we shall all sooner
or later have to do. O! I hope I shall be pre-
pared when the great change does come."
The sweetness of her mind seemed to increase
during the last few months of her life, and her
face was often lighted up with the love that
filled her heart, from the Light of Christ in her
soul.
For some days previous to her decease she
had been ailing, but was not thought to be
seriously indisposed, and iu the morning of the
day on which she died she spoke of getting up,
but was advised to remain quiet.
While the family were assembled in their own
house for the usual First-day morning meeting
they heard sounds coming from her room, and
on going to her were startled by her telling
them that she was that day going to her Heaven-
ly Father.
Medical advice was obtained as soon as pos-
sible, but acute pneumonia having set in, though
all was done that couM be for her recovery, it
was unavailing.
The sweet state of mind in which, through
Divine mercy, she was preserved when thus so
suddenly summoned from this state of being,
will be best seen from her own expressions. She
said that when they first heard her she had
been singing* praises lo her Heavenly Father,
and desired her dearest ones all to come and
take leave of her, and ardently and affection-
ately embraced each in turn, saying— "Fare-
well, dearly farewell, you must all come to me,
all come to me; I go to my God through Jesus
Christ, He has taken me to the beautiful land
of everlasting bliss: I have been to the very
gates of heaven." " Don't try to bring me back
again —' In my Father's house are many man-
sions,' and He has prepaied one for me, where
I shall dwell forever, in that land of peace and
j'>y-"
One of her sisters having gone out of the room
to bring something for her, she asked to have
her bnjught back, and again earnestly entreated
all the family to come to her, saying— " Come
to me in the realms of everlasting joy — Father,
Father, take nie, take me now to thy home of
love — Thou art love."
Speaking to her younger brothers, she s-iid
she had not, at times, lived so closely to her
Guide as she might have done, and hoped, in
that, they would not follow her example but
keep close to their Saviour. Later on she en-
treated all to keep to meetings, and to " wait
silently and in prayer" upon God, saying — " O,
how I love my God, no tongue can tell how I
love my God!" "O, my dear Saviour, how I
love Thee !" with more to that eflPect.
She also remarked — " I have had a good meet-
ing to-day."
The melody of her voice while she was speak-
ing was beautiful, and the heavenly covering of
Divine Love was very precious and comforting.
Over and over again she said — " He will take
me to-day." " Don't hold me."
Seeming to get a little better she feared she
*Tliis was not singing lo any set mnsic, with wliich
slie was unacqiiaiDled, bul Ihe melodious overflowing
of a heart filled with Divine love.
was cumin- back, but said—" If it is his will, it
must be for the best," repealing several times —
" His will )nu.ft be done."
At one lime a cloud seemed to come over her,
and she was much rlistressed, saying — "O, what
shall I do, I have lost my way, it is dark !" and
she prayed earnestly for help. Her mother en-
couraged her to trust in the Lord, who would
never leave nor forsake her, and after awhile
she broke forth in joyful tones — "0 ble.ssed be
God, He hath shown me the Way, Clirist is the
Way, the Truth, and the Life! " Oh, my God,
Thou art very good ! Jesus, dear Jesus, how I
love Thee! Lo. I come to do thy holy will in
heaven, there to sing praises to Thee for ever
and ever, in everlasting peace and joy. Fare-
well, farewell all, in the love of the Lord, dear-
ly farewell."
A radiant smile illumined her face, and her
heart seemed to overflow with love and earnest
longing f)r the elernal welfare of the rest of the
family, nothing of a temporal nature appearing
to find a place in her ihou<rhts.
She said it was better for her to go to her
Heavenly Father now ; that if she lived, she
might be drawn aside into unfaithfulness.
She continued for about two hours thus re-
markably enlarged, speaking mostly with a clear
voice and with great emphasis. During the
afternoon she frequently expressed a little, but
could not say much at a time, and seemed quite
resigned either to go or stay. At one time she
said, she believed her Heaven Ij' Father had
been preparing her for this sickness for some
time.
About si.x o'clock a decided change took
place, and she passed quietly away at about
twenty minutes before seven that evening, the
first of Fourth Month, 1894, iu the nineteenth
year of her age.
Her remains were interred in the Friends'
burial ground, Bakewell, on Fourth-day the
fourth of Fourth Month, 1894, in the presence
of a considerable number of friends and others.
After her decease a letter was found in her
pocket, written to a young friend, from which
the following is extracted: — "Hast thou ever
tried to be a disciple of Christ? I tried several
times when I was much younger, and sometimes
succeeded, and at other times was led away
through un watchfulness; I am going to try to
be one of Christ's disciples from now, and will
try, with his help, not to displea.se Him in
thought, word or deed. It says in the Bible
that whatsoever we do, we should do it all to
the glory of God. I want to ask thee if thou
wilt try also with me for I think it is our duty
to walk worthy of the profession to which we
belong, for Jesus Christ's sake, and if we try to
please Him, He puts his love into our hearts,
which stimulates us to walk in his fear, and
mind his reproofs."
In publishing the foregoing particulars re-
specting our dear young friend, we desire that
others, both older and younger, may be stimu-
lated to follow on in the path of watchfulness
and humility, that, like her, they may be pre-
pared to enter the haven of rest, whenever the
final summons may come.
" For the grace "of God that bringeth salva-
tion hath appeared to all men, teaching us that
denying ungodliness and worldly lusts, we should
live soberly, righteously, and godly in this pres-
ent world." — (^Titus ii : 11, 12.)
" Behold I stand at the door, and knock : if
anv man hear my voice and open the door, I
will come in to him, and will sup with him, and
he with me." — (Rev. iii: 20.j
180
THE FRIEND.
Twelfth Mo. 26, 1896
KING FROST HAS COMB.
The winter winds shut down the lid,
And Jack Frost turns the key,
And smunier'B treasures safe are hid
From stornislhat are to be;
A treasure chest,
Is old earth's breast,
Safe lucked fur you and me.
Then swift the wind's wild shuttles fly
To spin the blankets rare,
All soft, and warm, and many ply,
Of snowflakes in the air.
A fleecv light,
And diiwny white,
She wraps round with tare.
And so we spare a little while
Our treasures from our sight :
The verdure which makes summer's smi
The (lowers, the earth's delight —
And turn to see
What joys there be
Around the hearthstone bright.
But just a sciap of summer's wealth,
A bit of summer bloom,
We'll win to brighten heart :ind health,
And (heer our winter mom.
So, Heaven, which takes
Our dearest; makes
Its own cheer mid earth's gloom.
-rich
Mmju
IN THE FOREFRONT.
SUSAN COOLIDGE.
Once a small, childish ddnciug company,
We ran behind the ranks of older ones.
Half seen, half noticed, very proud to be
Part of the grown procession with the drums;
Each manly stride they covered cost us three
Of oursmall steps — that wassmall price to pay
For sharing in the glory of the day.
W'here are the ranks that seemed to us so tall.
So full of fire and force ami valor brave,
So full of wisest wisdom, knowing all
That man can know, or children dumbly crave
To understand with their weak powers, and small ?
It seems a little time since thus we ran,
Yet we, the children then, now lead the van.
The stately forms which towered like forest trees,
The limbs which never tired (as we supposed !)
The wills which ruled our infant destinies
The strength beneath whose shadow we reposed.
Authority, love, shelter — all of these,
Yielding like straws in tempest to the brunt
Of Time's tierce wind, have left us in the front.
'Tis we who are the stalwart leaders now
(Or seem so to the little ones behind).
The tireless marchers whom the gods endow
With the keen vision, the all-judging mind,
The will which questions not of why or how.
Rut rules and dominates all lesser fates.
Regardless of their puny loves or hates!
How strange it seems to lead, who once were led !
To feel the pressure of the quick yuung race
Following and urging on behin<l our tread.
Ready and eager to usurp our place,
Crowding us forward — though no word be said !
'Tis but the natural law which stars obey,
Foll.iwing in order due through night, through day
I > march which seemed so long and i.s so brief!
Whether by rough ways led or smooth greensward,
I'nder clear sun or hovering clouds < f grief,
What matter, so they end in thee, O Lord!
Who art of mortal toils the full reward ?
We will keep on content and fearlessly,
Mor seek for rest until we rest in tliee.
-& S. Times.
For "THE Friend.'
Intercollegiate Sports.
I was gialitied to learn from a graduate of
WesttowD, that the Friend appointed to the
recently-constituted position of Principal at that
Institution, had expressed his non concurrence
with a proposal that during the period of the
present brief vacation, some of the pupils might
play a match game of foot-ball with the pupils
of another school. Viewing the extravagances
and excesses into which sports of this character
run, it is greatly to be hoped that our young
members may be willing to observe discreetness
in their pursuance, keeping them within the
bounds which a reasonable Christian limitation
would dictate. It is extremely easy to run into
vanity and peril in this matter of amusements,
relaxing exercises and entertainments, if we
have no use whatever for the cross in their
regulation, or, it may be their rejection.
When the writer of this note, quite a num
ber of years ago, began to call attention to the
grave peril, in various particulars, which indu'
gence in intercollegiate sports involved, or
would involve (all of which has been verified)
the illustrative instances to be pointed to were
but a tithe of those which have since occurred.
One of the latest warnings, hap]iening last
month, was the match game between Vanderbilt
University and the University of Nashvi '
A mixed committee of the two Institutions has
been investigating the causes of the troubl
and summing up the damages. After speakin
of the slugging and general fighting, the report
concludes:
"The game closed a few moments later in
an outrageous melee, discreditable to those stu-
dents of each Institution who engaged in it, in
which melee some players, some students, an
official iu the game, and sjiectators connected
with neither Institution, engaged with fists and
canes, some knives and pistols being drawn and
displayed. Only the merciful providence of
God prevented results worse than black eyes
and sore heads."
Let us have continued regard to this " mer-
ciful providence" by keeping out of the intense
partisan rivalry and unseemly newspaper pub-
licity, with other evils, which follow in the train
of intercollegiate sports. J. W. L.
Thk Mikror in Fishing. — A mirror can be
used to advantage in fishing. The mirror is
lastenetl to the end of the line, below the hook.
When a fish approaches it sees its counterfeit
111 the mirror and imagines it to be an inter-
loper; the dupe cannot resist the impulse to at
once swallow the tempting bait to prevent the
Mill, r from getting it. — Kxrhmirje.
For " THE FRIEND."
[We have received from an Armenian resid-
ing in the western part of Pennsylvania, the
following translation of a letter sent to him by
a fellow-countryman at Constantinople.
The letter which accompanied it states that
the writer is a native of Van, a city of Arme-
nia, about thirteen hundred miles east of Con-
stantinople; that he had inherited considerable
wealth from his father, and was a good business
man, but had lost all his property through the
Kurds and Turkish officers, and had been forced
to go to Constantinople to procure a living.
The letter may prove interesting to our readers
as giving some insight into the conditions which
surround Turkish Christians. — Ed.]
Constantinople, September 28, 1S96.
De.\r Friend: — After having been in pris-
on nine months and eleven days under inde-
scribable torture, I (jbtained my liberty today
at ten A. M., but do not know the reason for
my release.
My idea in writing this, my first letter in my
new and strange life, is that 1 should like to go
to America if I get from thee a satisfactory
:iii>wer, otherwise I intend to go somewhere else.
It is almost impossible for me to go to Van,
where I have neither home nor family.
Having been ill while in prison, I still feel
quite weak ; I think of going to a hospital and
hope I shall receive thy letter so as to be able
to decide what to do by the time I have fully
recovered.
In the first part of my letter I have used the
word " indescribable," let me illustrate it by a
few events.
When the police first took me in hand, I was
a companion of seven other Armenian prison-
ers, in a small room which was hardly large
enough for two. It was damp, filthy and foul,
and we were severely whipped and compelled
to listen to terrible oaths every day. We used
to get as rations three loaves of bread, which
was twelve or fifteen days old. However, one
of us took sick and died, and three of our com-
pany were assassinated in a cruel manner undei
our eyes. We were hopeless of being released,
and we had nothing to do but take care of each
other's wounds.
Our first duty was to pray and worship God
asking for Divine help, not for us, but for oui
brethren and children, and for all those whc
are uuder torture; being guilty of nothing—
but suffering only for their national and relig
ious name.
Our mothers taught us nothing more suita-
ble for those days than this, " In my distress 1
called upon the Lord, and cried unto my God
He heard my voice out of his temple, and mj
cry came before Him, even into his ears." 8(
that when we were left by ourselves we coulc
not find comfort in anything except in prayer
Three of my companions were taken fron
my room, but I do not know anything abou
them, and am very anxious to hear what be
came of them.
This morning, about ten o'clock, they tool
me from my room and told me that I was free
and ought to pray for the Sultan and to h
obedient to the laws of the Government; bu
I do not know when I was not obedient, neithe
do I know how they had the right to murde
all my family — among them my only son, wh'
was only two years and eight months old.
It is not possible to explain fully my presen
circumstances, which are quite intolerable, hu
I presume the remedy of it is to get away fron
this wretched country. But it seems to me tha
it would not be wise to run away to Americ
without knowing something about it. Th
error of doing that would cost me more thai
that of going to Russia or to some other neigh
boring country. Therefore I will be obliged
if thou wilt do me the favor of answering thi
at the earliest opportunity.
Hoping this finds thee well, I remain.
Respectfully thy friend.
A GOOD story is told by the Daily News i
connection with the late Sir Benjamin War
Richardson's advocacy of Temperance. H
had been on a visit to one of the three or foil
small towns in England which have no publit
hou.?e. Although there were four thousand
people there, the doctor was nearly starving
One day a young medical man came to Sir Bei
jamin for advice as to taking the practice, an
Sir Benjamin, placing his hands on the youn
doctor's shoulders, said : " Take my advice, an
don't. Those wretched teetotalers not only shir
acci<leuts, but, when wounded, heal so fast th£
there is neither pleasure nor profit after the fin
dressing." This story is quoted for the bene!
of our temperance friends.
i-eluli Mo. 2G,]
THE FRIEND.
isl
The Christiansburg Institute.
The readers of Fhe Fp.iend, esjjecially those
f Philadelphia Yearly Meeting, will reniem-
ier at the time of the last Yearly Meeting, the
^riends' Freedmen Association decided to place
be Christiansburg Institute under the charge
,f Booker T. Washington, and guaranteed to
im two thousand dollars in one year with
■hich to conduct its affairs.
It will interest Friends to know that this un-
ertaking was immediately entered upon by B.
'\ Washington, who placed Charles L. Mar-
Wll, one of his most trusted pupils and instruc-
prs, in charge of the Institute.
C. L. Marshall went up to the ground early
n Seventh Month, and expressed himself as
'alighted with the situation and with the pros-
lects of the Institution, which in his opinion
'ureshadows great possibilities. He has proved
liraself an earnest, modest, intelligent and sym-
lathetic worker. He has gained the confidence
'f the Executive Committee, and of Captain
Jharles S. Schaeffer, who has kindly agreed to
ludit each month the receipts and expenses of
ihe Institution.
Partlv through the kindness of certain mer-
;antile firms of Philadelphia, a black-smith shop
md also a wheel-wright shop are being opened,
ivhich beside being instructive to our pupils
inay be self-supporting.
' Through the exertions of the women of the
Executive Committee, a capital sewing machine
[ind form for dress making, and the necessary
principle instructions in that art have been
iiupplied to the female scholars of the school.
Thirty or more pupils come to the school
rrom a distance, and have been accustomed to
hnd lodging in the neighboring town. That
'■uch pupils may be more under the direct over-
sight of the officers of the Institution is thought
Jlesirable by C. L. Marshall.
In this connection he writes as follows:
"Nothing offers better advantages for the
pioral and religious development of our young
men and women than the establishment of a
Boarding Department. Such a department
has the power of throwing a strong arm of pro-
tection around boys and girls as will keep them
m touch with pure religion, principles of right
Jiving and at the same time prevent their yield-
ing to temptations which mean forever theii
ruin. A building that will shelter forty per-
sons, with a dining-room, kitchen and laundry,
is one of our greatest needs."
'. The school has twice been visited lately by a
member of the Executive Committee. Letters
ifrom the Superintendent to this committee .ye
as frequent as two a week, and are filled with
expressions of earnest thought for the success
of his undertaking.
Among his solicitudes thus expressed, is a
idesire that farming shall be thoroughly taught.
We quote from a r'ecent letter : " In my opinion
there is no industry which could occupy so
much of our time anVl attention as that of Sci-
entific Agriculture."
Some little beginnings in this direction have
been made by the control of from between an
acre and a half and two acres of ground, and a
donation of some agricultural tools from one
of our Friends. Your committee think the
possibilities and advantages in this direction
should be borne steadily in mind as a practical
suggestion, much benefiting the colored people
of Virginia, and throughout the South.
The number of students enrolled at the end
of last month was one hundred and thirty-two,
which nundjer is expected to largely increase
during the winter months.
The Institution is looking to the Freedmen
Association for most of its su|)port — all except
the small sum which comes directly from the
State Aid.
The officers of Christiansburg ai-e animated
by trust in this Association, and confiding in
re with confidence doing their duty to their
trust, as is thus expressed in C. L. Marshall's
last letter:
" The officers, teachers and students are day
by day made to feel more and more the Father-
hood of God and the Brotherhood of man
through the generosity of the Friends' Freed-
men Association, of Philadelphia.
Believing the Friends will individually and
generally support the work of the Association
by contributing to the pecuniary necessities of
the school, the Executive Committee have cir-
culated a postal card, asking that donations be
sent to David G. Alsnp, Treasurer, No. 409
Chestnut Street.
For "The Friend."
Is there Not a Cause?
What is it that hinders any from coming for-
ward and showing more fully to the world on
whose side they are. Is it because the time is
taken up so much with the things of this world,
that there is no room left or no time to listen to
that still small voice in the secret of the heart
saying, "This is the way walk thou in it;" and
if "taken heed to, will reprove, rebuke and chas-
ten and lead into the right path. "The ways
of Zion do mourn because none come to the
solemn feasts." I am reminded of what the
blessed Saviour said on one occasion to those
that were with Him, " Will ye also go away?"
This seems to me very pathetic language, and
the query arises, How is it with some of us
to-dav ? Will there be a going away from Him,
from "his entreaties and visitations? from Him
who waits long to be gracious ; how is it dear
ones who know something of these things and
are not willing to surrender? Will ye also go
away and let others come in and take your
places.
Oh, be willing to be entreated, and close in
with the day of your visitation, and let not the
things and pleasures of this world be your snare.
There are those of you that have bright talents
which, if you were willing to give up your all
unto your Lord and Master, He would make
use of you according to his will, for " He that
doeth the will shall know of the doctrine."
The command formerly was, " Put off thy or-
naments from thee, that I may know what to
do with thee," and it remains the same to-day,
for the Truth changeth not. Then that there
may be more of a willingness to enlist under
the Lord's banner in the day of his power, and
let not the many things that are going up and
down, the different organizations and societies,
and the influence of surrounding things which
are calculated to lead away and weaken the
good or quiet way, and thereby lose ground;
the enemy of all good is ever on the alert, and
if there is not care extended, there will be a
going with the current, and not allowing our-
selves to come under his preparing hand to be
moulded and fashioned .as He would, and thus
become his useful instruments.
So let there 'oe a care how we are spending
our time, talents and means, for which we must
o-ive an account in the d.<iy of reckoning, and if
any are found wanting in the balance of the
sanctuary sad will it be. Therefore now is the
accepted time, now is the day of salvation, and
when the ble.ssud Saviour knocks at the door of
thy heart my brother or my sister, do not re-
fuse an entrance to Him who will richly reward
for faithfulness. Those that are willing to be
ol)edient to the little o[)enings secretly shown to
them what to do and what to leave undone,
lhe.se are they that will grow froni one stature
to another, and finally become pillars in the
Church to go no more out. "It is first the
blade, and then the ear, and then the full corn
in the ear." Religion is growthy, but all things
are not to be learnetl at once, but as we each
come to experience the new birth we will be
babes in Christ desiring the sincere milk of the
Word. Jesus sai<l, "I have many things to say
unto you, but ye cannot bear them now." .So
that as there is a willingness to be led and
guided by Him who knows what is best for us,
and He sees our sincerity, He will watch over
and care for us, although there may be bap-
tisms at limes to bear for our purification, yet
as we keep a single eye steadily fixed on Hira,
He will not utterly forsake his trusting little
ones, but will watch over them with an eye of
pity, even "As a father pitieth his children, so
the Lord pitieth them that fear Hira."
E. C. C.
For "The Fkiesd.'
A Remarkable Instance of Divine Preservation.
At our late Yearly Meeting of Ohio, as the
time was drawing to separate, in order to return
to our respective homes, a very solemn silence
spread over the meeting, which was broken by
a petition, vocally offered up to our Father in
Heaven, that He might be [)leased to watch
over us, and preserve us in our homeward jour-
ney, and if it was consistent with his will we
might be permitted to arrive safiely home.
The meeting closed about twelve o'clock, noon,
on the first of Tenth Mo., and near four o'clock
that afternoon a company of seven of us took
the train for (jur homes in Iowa, a distance of
about seven hundred miles.
Our train made a stop at Cambridge, Ohio,
and after pulling out of that station, just before
it had attained its full speed, we heard a report
that sounded like that of the firing of a musket,
and the ball eniered the window at our right
hand, scattering pieces of glass nearly across
the car, and passed out at the window at our
left hand.
One of our company, just a few minutes be-
fore, had picked up a paper, and was leaning
forward reading by the light of a lantern that
was sitting on the floor of the car, and another
oue had just laid down on the seat when the
report was heard. Had they both been sitting
upright as they were a few minutes before, their
heads would liave been directly in range with
the two holes in the windows made by the ball
from the musket.
I have been induced to write this account
for insertion in The Friend, from a desire I
have felt of late to call our attention to the cir-
cumstances connected with the incident, and
more particularly those of us who were exposed
to sucli imminent danger, and to the wonderful
interposition of Divine Providence in his pro-
tecting care over us. G. W. Mott.
A Lost Akt. — If the art of being quiet is
lost in the craze and rush and mad ambitions
of the world, it is time it was sought and found
again. To the Thessalonians, the Apo.stle, after
telling them that they were taught of God to
love one another, said, " We beseech you,brelh-
182
THE FRIEND.
ren, that ye increase more and more ; and that
ye study to be quiet, and to do your own busi-
ness, and to work with your own hands, as we
commanded you ; that ye may walk honestly
toward them that are without, and that ye may
have lack of nothing." (1 Thess. iv: 10-12.)
This seems to reveal the secret of quiet lives.
Again in his first epistle to Timothy, ii : 1, 2,
the Apostle says, " I exhort, therefore, that first
of all, supplications, prayers, intercessions and
giving thanks be made for all men ; for kings,
and tor all that are in authority ; that we may
lead a quiet and peaceable life in all godliness
and honesty." Again the Apostle Peter says
that Christian women should be adorned, not
with braiding of the hair or weariujr of gold,
or putting on of apparel, " but let it be in the
hidden man of the heart, in that which is not
corruptible, even the ornament of u meek and
quiet spirit, which is in the sight of God of great
price." (1 Peter iii : 3, 4.)
If God gives to us a meek and quiet spirit,
and if we then work with our hands, pray for
all men, and let alone ornament, folly and vain
show, which tax our strength and serve merely
to gratify the lust of the eye, we shall soon re-
discover this lost art, the art of being quiet.
And when we cease to do useless work, or in-
dulge in useless fretting, and live devout, pray-
erful lives, we shall find quietness within our
own hearts and peace within all our borders;
for when the Lord ■' givelh quietness, who then
can make trouble?" (Job xxxiv: 29.)
H. L. Hastings.
Fob " THE Friend."
A Reminiscence.
In tlie editorial of the Philadelphia Friend
of Eleventh Month 28th, 1896, honorable men-
tion is made of that worthy minister, Ehvood
Dean, reminding the writer very forcibly of
some circumstances in his religious labors in
which it was my privilege to participate. I may
first say it was my privilege to know him and
his valuable wife as pleasant visitors in my
father's family ere he began to preach, and
further, it was my privilege in common with my
elder sister to go to their house and take turns
in waiting on him in a severe fit of sickness, in
the course of which he was brought to feel that
if he was favored to regain a normal condition
of health, he must devote at least a portion of
his time to preaching the Gospel, and there "
reason to believe that from this conviction he
did not turn heedlessly away, for on being able
to get out to meeting he began as a child learn-
ing to talk, to si)eak a few short sentences. I
think the first considerable sermon that he
preached was at my father's funeral. From
shortly after that event he and I were widely
separated, my settled home being in the State
of Iowa, but still our intercourse was considera
hie, he several times visiting that land on Gos
pel errands, and perhaps never without being at
Miy house. On one occasion I remember several
transient friends being with us, our family read-
ing bi.-ing in the morning. He felt constrained
to address us and proceeded in these words,
"There is that at work in your midst that will
eat out and destroy" — he said his feelings so
overcame him that he covered his face with a
napkin and wept bitterly, then proceeded —
" every vestige of Quakerism if it is not checkeil
and guarded against." Our transient company
dispersed to their respective homes, and the rest
of the day was pleasantly spent with he and
his wife in making social calls on some of our
neighbors.
At another time he and T. B. were making
the canvass of the Society of Friends in this
State, and he had given Friends to understand
that he felt the time might be near at hand,
len they might return home ; but very early
in the morning he informed their host and
hostess that he felt constrained to make a visit
f possible to some isolated Friends in a sparsely
settled district, the farthest perhaps eighty miles
distant, but by making a drive that day of from
sixty to sixty-five miles, would land us at T.
E's, his brother-in-law, also in a new begun
place. Their host and hostess were old feeble
Friends, unable to assist them. Their son across
the road was called on. His zjal and will was
sufficient, but circumstances forbid. He came
over to ray place just at the break of day,
Christmas morn, and acquainted me with the
unexpected turn and queried if I could not go
and take the Friends. I had no reason to urge
why it might not be so, only my team were not
shod — in our neighborhood they did not need
shoes, as they were not much drove. I rather
consented than desired to go, and set oflTas soon
as possible. Called at their lodging and took
them in.
Ere the middle of the day we struck territory
that was covered with snow and ice, and the
road was in many places so smooth it was dif-
ficult for the poor animals to keep from falling.
But there was no relief for us. No blacksmith's
shops were likely to be met with ; as a consequence
night overtook us several miles short of our des-
tination ; but it was not stormy, but very cold.
I saw my team was almost outdone, and I was
seldom ever more exhausted with a day's work.
At a late hour we reached the house of our
friend Thomas Emmons, and who was greatly
surprised at meeting us, and perhaps pilgrims
were seldom more rejoiced to reach their destina-
tion than the preaclier and his attendant, tem-
porary though it was, for there lay before the
preaclier's mind another drive of fifteen or twenty
miles to be performed in the near future. The fol-
lowing morning, considering the condition of my
team, for some unknown cause, I felt restrained
from continuing with them, quite to their dis-
comfort. They said that they hail no thought
but that I would remain with them, and carry
them back to Linn County. But I felt bound
to leave them and return home, but deferred till
afternoon to give my team more rest. Then we
bade adieu with entire friendly feelings. I drove
a few miles out of my way to a village, where
ray team could be shod, and I entertained by
my relatives. The next day I reached home
early in the evening, having driven something
over filty miles, still wondering to rayself why
it was so. But shortly after taking a wheel
from the c;irriage to lubricate the spindle, found
it so broken that it was a wonder that it had
carried me safely home.
Then I could see that the hand of the Lord
had been in it and we knew it not, for it
seemed clear to my mind that if I had gone on
in that sparsely settled district, with those dear
Friends, they both being heavy, we should
surely have been capsized or let down in a way
to cau>e us great inconvenience, if not real suf-
fering, for the weather was piercing cold.
In concluding this reminiscence, it is in keeping
with the feelings of the writer to notice the fact
that both Elwood Dean and Thos. Bundy, their
wives, as also their host and hostess, from whence
they started out that eventful Christmas morn-
ing— eventful because the call to Elwood was
sudden and unexpected, and obedience on the
part of each could not be considered other
than a great sacrifice, both of time and per-
sonal comfort — as also the host and hostess
that took us in at a late hour that cold Christ-
mas eve, together with the life partner of the
writer, who so willingly encouraged and assisted j
him in making that hurried and unexpected ;
start on that eventful Christmas m )rn, and i
welcomed my return, are all passed on to the i
spirit world, leaving the writer only to relate
the events of that eventful Christmas day, and
to realize that by the passing of a few more
Cliristmas anniversaries he too must be num-
bered among the silent dead.
A Tired Housekeeper's Lesson.
Several years ago I received a lesson from the
dear departed editor of The Advocate and Guar-
dian, H. E. Brown, that it may not be amiss to
repeat.
I was a young mother then, and had three
children, all babies together. My training as
a housekeeper had not been good, as I had lost
ray mother in childhood, and my life up to the
time of my marriage had been spent at board-
ing-schools. A girl thus reared finds many trials
in the cares, all new, of her household, children
and servants.
The day that I speak of particularly had been
a very trying one. Unexpected guests from
out of town had arrived to luncheon, and every
one knows what that may mean to a young
woman who feels, perhaps too keenly, her own
incompetence. The cook had not been at her
best. The children had seemed (as they often
do when we wish them to appear well) never
quite as distracting, and I confess to the humili-
ation of losing my self control.
The company had gone, and I was just be-
ginning to congratulate myself that I could be
as cross as I felt, when the doorbell rang, and I
impatiently exclaimed, "A caller!" I stood
waiting near the door, flushed and irritable
when ray dear old friend entered. My greeting
was not what it should have been, and she soon
saw that something was amiss. Finally I burst
into tears and said, " Oh, Mrs. Brown, I am sc
miserable! All goes wrong; every little thing
conspires to anaoy me, and, worse than all, 1
am not fit to be a mother. How can I goverc
my children when I am unable to govern my
seif? "
" My dear child," she answered, in a caln:
and peaceful tone that soothed my ruffled spirit
"I want to ask you one question: Are yoi
abiding in Christ? That means living in Him
resting upon Him all the time; not once in i
while, but always, abiding continually in Christ
Yoii will then be free from all little worries
He will lift you up to himself, where no storm:
can reach you. Abide in Christ."
I cannot tell you how sweetly and comfort
ingly she said these words: "Abiding mean:
continual, permanent, lasting. It must be you
constant desire to abide in Him, and the whol(
habit of your life now so fretted will be changet
into peace and joy."
Her coming seemed like an angel's visit, ant
the help that she gave me by this lesson at th'
moment that it was so needed has never beer
forgotten.
It is a mistake to imagine that forms of gov
ernment in themselves are a nation's salvation
The real progress of a great country depend
not so much upon the outward form of govern
ment as upon the inner conscience of its popu
lation, and the Christian integrity and wisdon
of its legislators. — The London Friend.
velftb Mo. 20, ISdii
THE FRIEND.
183
. A Tainted Drama and Press.
A mother recently Ijnught theatre tickets for
er two youDg daughters and two of their girl
lends in order that they might hear a certain
minis actress. Later she said: "I was shocked
hen I fuund out the character of the play. I
id not suppose that Miss N. would appear in
jything but a moral play ; but this was so bad
fiat the girls simply could not stand it. They
lid they couhl ftel themselves blushing all
/er, and they came out at the end of the sec-
id act."
But what business had a Christian mother,
nowing, as all of us know, the temptations of
Citors to present any play which contains " sit-
ttions"— what business had she to buy tickets
)r an entertainment without understanding ex-
2tly what it was ?
, Another mother took her boy of fifteen to
ear a widely advertised French play. She
lid that the scenes and costumes were " so gor-
eous." This was true. The play in question
las a dream of color and of art, but its volup-
lous beauty could not cover its sensuality. A
,dy who had chanced to hear it (to her great
?gret) said that she shuddered when she heard
'the boy's visit.
I "It could not fail to leave foul niaiks upon
ue soul of every one who listened to it," she
ontinued. " Oh, if I only had an angel's in-
ght and power, so that I could rub those marks
Tfrom the heart of that pure child!" Is it
ossibje that there is any mother who believes
|iat any art impressions, any intellectual cul-
ire, which her boy might derive from a play
r a book can atone for the loss of moral integ-
ty suffered if, underneath the charming ex-
:rior, there is a vile and immoral story ?
The indictments to be brought against some
four large daily journals are similar; though
ley take none of the pains to beautify and con-
3al their worst features, which the French take
iith their plays and books. These papers stand
onstantly on the very verge of obscenity, and
irint every day, in blunt English, tales of shame
nd crime, elaborated to nauseous detail ; tales
hich, from every possible motive, should be
,ntokl, or mentioned only in the coldest and
riefest manner. The sole effect of these sensa-
lonal narratives is to corru])t society. Crea-
jres whom decent people never wish to know
T to see, are pictured, with their homes, their
?latives, their very cats and dogs, in these wide-
1/ read pages. Their silly or wicked deeds are
acited at length under enormous "scare-type"
eads. Unspeakable men and women, most of
hem fit only for our prisons and reformatories,
re thus often made the topics of town talk,
welling with their own importance, they pique
38 ambition of all their ilk to figure like them-
;lves among the notorieties of the day.
No reputable merchant should advertise his
•ares in these ill-odored sheets. They should
ever be allowed in any home. If they only
xalted the silly, gave only twaddle for sense,
nd only made the insignificant appear the im-
ortant, they would still be odious but compar-
tively harmless. The literary sense would suf-
Jr, it is true. The brain of every reader would
e a little weaker after seeing each issue — that
'ould be all. But this is the least offense of
be four or five "great journals" in the various
ities of America who are the chief sinners,
'hey are, as now conducted, powerful engines,
eliberately planned to inflame the lowest curi-
sity and the basest passions of men, in order
lat the owners themselves may become rich.
Regard only for our own welfare and that of
our f'aniilies would Ije a sufficient motive for
us to keep these jnipers out of our homes and
to deny them any sort of patronage; but there
is a still higher one. No government of the
people by the peojile can long survive, with
such journals. Patriotism demands that every
decent citizen of the Republic should denounce
them, and should contribute to their starvation
by every means in his power. — Kate Upsn/i
Clark, in The Independent.
From a Letter of Mary Peisley. —
"There is an evil that thou art guilty of, which
is visible to more than me, and that is thy
slighting and neglecting week-day meetings. If
thou had appointed a day to meet any of those
styled noblemen of the earth, and thou slighted
and neglected the appointment for weeks, yea
months together, would it not be a great affront
and indignity to them ? yea, and I am persuaded
thou would not do it, for fear of offending them ;
and is the King of kings and Lord of heaven
and earth, less noble, less discerning, when He
is slighted and neglected?"
THE FRIEND.
TWELFTH MONTH 26, 1890.
In [he BriiUi Friend of Twelfth Month, John
William Graham, who recently spent some
weeks in this country, has an article on "The
Orthodox Body in Philadelphia." While giving
them credit for " dignity in worship," and relig-
ious experience, he labors to discourage that
adherence to the ancient usage of the Society as
to plainness of attire, which is in measure main-
tained among its members. He intimates that
it is liable to the same danger and formality
and unspiritual externalism as attends the use
of the sacraments ; and compares it to the mon-
astic habit and the salvation bonnet; and he
thinks that wearing a uniform has the fatal ef-
fect of separating us from the world of men,
among whom we ought to find fellowship, and
frem whom we ought to gather converts.
The article in question confirms our previous
impression that its author is either not ac-
quainted with the principles of true Quakerism,
or that they are not congenial to his tastes and
feelings. It is a sad circumstance that one who
professes to be a member among Friends should
ridicule a testimony that was borne by its earliest
members, which the Spirit of Christ has required
of thousands of their faithful successors from
that dav to this, and which experience has
shown to have been as a useful hedge about
them. We have never known of a Friend who
placed his religion in the putting on of a plain
garb, any more than in obeying any other of
the things required by his Lord and blaster.
" It is required in stewards that a man be found
faithful," and he who in the prideof his intellect
rejects the simplest and most humbling requisi-
tions, has little prospect of being favored with
greater openings.
It is worthy of remark that the general tenor
of the communications of our ministers is not to
enforce plainness, although that is not altogether
neglected, but to urge the necessity of that humble
submission to the will of our Heavenly Father,
without which there is no growth in grace or
advancement in the highway of holiness.
The idea advanced by .J. W. Graham, that
wearing a uniform " has the fatal effect of sepa-
rating us from the world of men," certainly does
not apply to those of our members w Iio dre.ss in
the style of Friends. It may |)revent the young
and inex|)erienc(d from mingling in amuse-
ments which are calculated to weaken their
religiou.s .sensibilities — i)ut plain Frieud.s do
mingle largely with other.-* in businesa and
social intercourse, ami their consistent sup|)ort
of our testimonies and principles, gives them a
I)lace in the esteem and confidence of their ac-
quaintances which leads these to look with favor
on their ])rinciiiles.
We sincerely desire that this article of .1. W.
Graham may not have the effect of influencing
any of our young members, in whose hearts the
Lord is at work, to reject the pleadings of his
Si)irit, and thus delay or prevent their deliver-
ance from the thraldom of sin and .Satan.
The attitude of J. W. Graham, in the latter
part of his article towards the separation of
1827, manifests either a sad want of apprecia-
tion of the condition of things at that eventful
period, or a spirit of indifference as to the main-
tenance of sound doctrine. The preaching in
our meeting of sentiments at variance with the
Scripture testimony, and that ever held by
Friends, to the divinity and atonement of .Jesus
of Nazareth neces<irily made it the duty of
others to '• contend earnestly for the faith once
delivered to the saints." In this conflict there is
reason to believe that the weakness of humaa
nature was at times shown by a zeal not regu-
lated by sound discretion. Yet this is not a jus-
tification of the charge made by J. W. G. that
the attitude of the Yearly Meeting towards their
former brethren was "a constant error." The
initial steps of the separation were taken by the
leaders of that party ; and when this division
had been consummated its adherents were no
longer members of the same organization as
those who remained, and therefore, according
to the regulations of the Discipline previously
in force, were not entitled to the privileges of
membership.
It is a comfi)rt to believe that the feelings en-
gendered by the contests of a former generation
liave largely passed away ; and that especially
within ihe limits of Philadelphia Yearly .Meet-
ing thereare many who can heartily sympathize
with those who are members of the body that
separated in 1827, and who feel a religious con-
cern to maintain orthodox <loctrines among their
people. These dear Friends we can own as
brethren beloved, and sincerely desire that a
blessing may rest on their efforts to oppose the
spread of Unitarian opinions among their fel-
low-members.
The attempts made to depreciate the import-
ance and rectitude of the struggle for the Truth
maintained seventy years ago, remind us of a
statemeut made many years ago by a clear-
siiihted Friend, to the purport, " Isee very little
difference between being unsound ourselves and
having no testimony against unsoundness in
others."
In rebutting the insinuations against the
Friends who adhered to the original principles
of the Society, which J. AV. G. has introduced
into his article, it may be well to refer to the
course taken by those valued and experienced
ministers of the Gospel, Thomas Shillitoe and
Ann Jones and Elizabeth Robson from Eng-
land, who were very useful in slrengthing the
hands of sound Friends, and encouraging them
to resist the inroad of principles which tended
to lay waste a belief in the divinity ami atone-
ment of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ.
The Journal of Thomas Shillitoe bears full and
repeated testimony to the character of the issues
184
THE FRIEND.
TvvelithMo. 26,1896
theu at stake, and to the duty of contending
for the faith once delivered to the saints. He
was well qualified to judge in such matters, both
from his extended religious experience and from
his personal observation, having been present
at both Xew York and Ohio Yearly Meetings
when the separations occurred there, and also
having at different times listened to the unsound
communications of some of their ministers.
It seems to us that the article of J. W. Gra-
ham too much ignores the sense of Divine re-
quiring which lays at the foundation of practi-
cal religion.
A letter recently received from a concerned
Friend in a Yearly Meeting where the fast
element has met with considerable encourage-
ment, speaks of the "so-called sanctified band,"
as causing some uneasiness. They favor congre-
gational singing. At some of their holiness
meetings some profess to fall into a trance, and
remain in that condition for hours, and then
give in their experience, professing to have vis-
ited both places or states in the future world.
The writer of the letter says, " If the voung
people within the limits of Philadelphia Yearly
Meeting only knew what I have seen in this
fast movement, they would shun the very ap-
pearance of such an evil, which would destroy
name and remnant of our once highly favored
Society. The doors now staud open in many
places for all these innovations to enter. By
little and little they came upon us."
SUMMARY OF EVENTS.
United State.s.— The convass of the vcle of New
York State gives Levering 16,0it7. The total vote
cast in .-xil ibe States was 13,924,6.53. This was
1.813,12-1 more than the total vote of 18<)2. Mc-
Kinlev received 7,109.480 and Bryan 6,.508,681, a plu-
ralitv'for McKinley of 600,799. The vote for Bryan and
Sewall and that for Bryan and Watson are combined
in the total vole yiven for Bryan. Only twelve States
reported a separate vote for Watson and Bryan. His
aggregate vote was 415,879. The Sound .Monev Demo-
cratic vote for Palmer and Biickner was 13-2,0o6. The
Prohihitinn vote for Levering was 127,174. The Na-
tional or Free Silver I'rohibitii>i.i>.ts cast i;5 320 votes
for Bentlev. Matchetl, the candidate of the Socialist-
Lili-r [larty, received 33,942.
The recent electiin placed colored representatives
in the Legislatures of more than half the State-i of the
Union.
.\n important iii-.cnssion npon Senator Allen's reso-
lution to lake np the Uingly bill for debate wasstarte I
in the United Slates Senate on the 16th in-.!., by Sena-
tor Vest, and was participated in bv Senators Allen,
Chandler, (iallagher, Frve, Hale, .Vidrich, Sherman,
Teller and Oorman. The result of the debate w.is a
complete aicpiiescence on both sides of the Chamber
in the fact that the Dingley bill couM not possibly be
passed at the present ses-ion, and that the enactment
of a new la rill' bill would have to go over to a new ses-
sion of Ci ngress, to he c nvened as earlv as possible.
The Senate Cmmillee on Foreign Kelations, by a
)iraciically unanimous vole, ordered a favorable report
to be made to the Senate on the 21st, on the Cameron
resolution recognizing the independence of the Re-
public of Cuba, and providing that the United States
shall use its friendly offices with the (iovernraent of
Spain to bring to a close the war between S().iin and
Cuba. The resolution was offered at the lime pro-
posed, ami its con>ideratiou deferred until after the
iiolldayu. A statement his been made by Secretary
Olney regarding the (,'ameron resolulii>n, that ii would
be merely an e.^pre-ssion by the Senate and House of
opinion, but inoperative as legislation and important
only as advice, .\uthoritv to extend recognition, he
claims, rests e.xclusively with the President.
On the 17ili inst. the Senate passed the Lodge sub-
stitute for the House Immigration bill of last session,
by a vote of 52 to 10, ami appointed a committee of
conference, to meet a similar committee on the part
of the House. The hill recpiires that all immigrants
above the age of sixteen years shall be able to read
and write thtir own or some other language, but pro-
vision is made against the separation of families. This
is secured 1
ling that wife, parent, children and
grandchildren of male imniigranls may be admitted,
notwithstanding their inability to comply with the
educational test. An exception was also made in favor
of refugees from Cuba during the existence of the
present disturbances on that island.
A Muskogee, Indian Territory despatch says that
the Choctavvs and the Dawes Commission have signed
a treaty providing for allotment of lands, town sites,
reserve of coal fields for Choctaw schools and relln-
qnishment of tribal government within eight years.
The Cherokee, Creek and Choctaw tribes will treat
with the Commission after the holidays.
The total forest area in the United States is esti-
mated at 49-5,000,000 acres, or 26 per cent, of the total
area.
Forest fires in this country destroy, it is estimated,
?12,000,000 worth of timber and other property yearly.
Coins from the Central American republics are
flooding the New Orleans market. The sols of Salva-
dor are in the majority. They are about the size and
weight of a silver dollar, making it possible for swin-
dlers to use them with comparative ease, and the profits
are about as great as those accruing from counterfeit-
ing without the element of danger. Money brokers,
to whom the victims go to convert the foreign coin
into American currency, say that the town has not
been flooded in this way for years past. Victims are
bringing in reports from all quarters of the city,
showing that the town is being thoroughly worked.
Stockholders of the Reading Railway Company
have voted to increase the capital stock from $40,-
000.000, to $140,000,000. This action completes the
plan of reorganization.
Deaths in this city last week numbered 384, which
is 43 less than the previous week, and 90 less than
thecirresponding week of 1895. Of the foregoing, 219
were males and 165 females: 6:1 died of pneumonia ;
28 of consumption ; 26 of heart disease ; 25 of typhoid
fever; 24 of di|)htheria; 20 of apoplexy; 13 of con-
vulsiims; 12 of nephritis; 11 of old age; 10 from
casualties, and 9 of inanition.
MarkeU, <fcc.— U. S. 2's, 95 a 97 ; 4's, reg., 109.V a 110 ;
coupon, llOJ a lU.i ; new 4's, 119J a 120-V ; 5's, 113^ a
114J; currency 6's, 100 a 104.
Cotton was quiet at 7y%c. per pound for middling
uplands.
Feed.— Spot bran ranged from $9.75 to ?10.50 per
ton for winter in bulk and spring in sacks.
Flour. — Winter super, 12 8-5 a 13.15; do., extras,
|'3.25 a $3.46 ; Pennsylvania roller, clear, §4.25 a $4.45;
do., do., straight, $4.50 a $4.65 ; Western winter, clear,
$4 25 a $4.50; do., do., straight, $4.50 a $4.75; do.,
do., patent. $4.80 a $5.00 : spring, clear, $3.50 a $3.95 ;
straight, $4.25 a $4.40 ; do., do., patent, $4.60 a $4.70 ;
do., favorite brands, higher. City mills, extra, $3.30
a $3 60; do., clear, $4.25 a 54.50; do., straight, $4.60
a $4.80 ; do., patent, $4.85 a $5,00. Rye Floub.—
$2.75 per bbl. for choice Pennsylvania. Buckwheat
Floor.— $1.30 a $1.40 per lOO' pounds, a
Grain.— No. 2 red wheat, 89J a 89|c.
No. 2 mixed corn, 27^ a 21ic.
No. 2 white oats, 23^ a 24}c.
Beef Cattle. — Kxtra, 45 a 5c.; goo.J, 4i a 4fc.;
medium, 4i a 4ic.; commcm, 4 a 4Jc.
Sheep AND Lambs. — Extra, 4} a 4Jc.; good, 3|a4o.;
medium, 3} a Sic; common, 2J a 3c'; culls, 2 a 2^c ;
lambs, 4 a 6c
Hoo.s. — Western, 5 a 5]c.
Foreign. — Two shocks of earthquake were felt
throughout Wales, the Midlands and the South of
Englanil early on the morning of the 17th instant.
Houses were violentlv shaken. The cathedral at
Hereford was damaged.
It is said Spain has notified the United States that
she is satisfied with the friendly tone of President
Cleveland's mes,sage and the altitude of Secretary
Olney toward (he Cameron resolutiim.
Spain has some of the finest ore fields in the world,
but Siu-h is the lack of enterprise among the popula-
tion i-f that country that over 30 per cent, of the iron
used is imported.
A cablegram received at the Spanish Legation in
Washington from Madrid .says that "Maceo's death
look place in loyal fight at Punta Brava, and was
caused by our soldiers' bullets. This is evidently
proved by ihe letter written bv the son of Maximo
Oomez, in which he slates that' he killed himself in
order not to abandon the bodv of his General. The
handwrlUng of ihe letter has been verified and also
every detail of the tight."
It is asserted that the rebels in the Philippine Is-
lands have received aid from Japan, and that Japanese
oSicers are in command.
iity.
The Siberian Railway, when completed, will be
nearly 5U00 miles long. Already about 1700 miles
have been completed.
An authority computes that -51,3.50,000,000 is the
amount <if money lying idle in India in the shape of
hoards or ornaments. In Amritsar, a Punjab city,
therearejewelstothevalueof$10,000,000. A wealthy
jewel merchant of Benaires has, it is said, always a
stock worth $5,000,000 on hand.
OSicial statistics of the bubonic plague in Bombay
show that there have been 1094 deaths out of 1551
cases. Over 200,000 persons have fled from the city.,
Within a few years 200 artesian wells have been
opened in Queensland, yielding 12.5,000,000 gallons ol
water a day. '.
Aconcagua, the highest mountain on this hemis-
phere, is to be thoroughly explored by an expedition
fitted out by E. A. Fitzgerald, the explorer of the New '
Zealand Alps, which recently left England for Buenos
.-Vyres. A geologist, a surveyor and a naturalist furm
part of the expedition, together with the alpine guidf
Mattias Zurbriggen. Fitzgerald's observations will
be on the efl^ecl of the atmosphere of mountain heights
on the human system, as he intends to scale Mount
Everest, in India, the highest mountain in the world.
if he succeeds in getting to the top of Aconcagua.
The metal gallium is much more precious ihan
gold. It is quoted in the market at $3000 an ounce
avoirdup.iis. Traces of it occur in some zinc ores '
tons of which must be worked over in order to obtain
a trifling quantity. Gallium is a very remarkable
substance. At the ordinary summer temperature ol ,
86 degrees Fah. it becomes liquid like mercury.
NOTICES.
Friend's Institute Lyceu.m.— The next regulai
meeting will be held at 140 N. Sixteenth St , Sixth-day i'
First M.mth Sth, 1S97, at 8 o'clock, p. m. Prompt at-,
tendance is requested.
Westtown Boarding School. — The General Com-
mittee meet in Philadelphia, First Month Sth, 1897,
at 11 A. M. The Committee on Instruction meet the
same day, at 9 A. M. Wm. Evans, Clerk.
Westtown Boarding School. — Applications i
the admission of pupils to the school, and letters
regard to iostructiou ami discipline should be ad-
dressed to ^VILLIAM F. WiCKERSHAM, Principal.
Payments on account of board and tuition, anc
communications in regard to business should be for-
warded to Edward G. Smedley, Superintendent.
Address, Westtown P. O., Chester Co., Pa.
Westtown Boarding School. — For convenienci
of persons coming to Westtown Scho-d, the stage wil
meet trains leaving Philadelphia 7.17 and 8.46 A. M.
and 2.53 and 4.32 p. m. Other trains are met whei
requested. Stage f.ire on regular trips, fifteen cents
on special trips, twenty-five cents each way. To read
the school by telegraph, wire West Chester Phone 85
Edw.\rd G. Smedley', Sup't.
Office of "The Friend," 207 Walnut Place
Pliiladephia, Pa.— On ihe 15th inst. some subscribe
at Coal Creek, Iowa, milled a P. O. money order fo
two dcdlar.", but tent no letter. Will the sender pleas^
forward the name for credit on our books?
Died, at her home near Toledo, Kansas, on thi
eighteenth day of the Ninth .Month, of gall-stone
Sarah J. Brickell, wife of G. W. Brickell, agci
sixty eight years and sixteen days. She was a mem
ber of Cottonwood Monthly Meeting of Friends ; war
a firm believer and practitioner in the Society, an(
was very much tried by the great departure of Friend
from their ancient |)rinciples. She was kind am
helpful to the afllicted and needy. Her lamp wa
surely trimmed and burning. She gave evidence tha
she was entering her peaceful home.
, at her residence in Moorestown, N. J., Tentl
Mo. 30, 1896. Lydia Roberts, in the sevenly-eighll
year of her age ; a member of Chester Monthly Aleet
ing.
, at his home in Wilmington, Seventh Monti
14th, 1896, David C. Woodward, in the seventy
sixth year of his aee; a member of Wilmingtoi
Monthly Meeting of Friends. " Blessed is that servan
whom the Lord when Hecometh shall find watching.
THE FRIEND.
A Religions and Literary Journal.
VOL. LXX.
SEVENTH-DAY, FIRST MONTH
No. 24.
PUBLISHED WEEKLY.
Price, if paid in advance, $2.00 per annum.
Edwin P. Sellitsv, Publisher,
No. 207 Walnut Place,
(Sauthfrom Walnut Street, between Third and Fourth,)
PHILADELPHIA.
Articles designed for insertion to be addressed to
JOSEPH WALTON,
MOORESTOWN, BURLFNGTON CO., N. J.
Entered as second-clasa matter at Philadelphia P. O.
3iary and Letters of Deborah Brooks Webb.
I (Continued from pase ITS.)
1866.— First Month 7tli.— One week of the
[lew year is past. Have I been devoted ? I am
frying to "bind the sacrifice with cords unto
;.he horns of thy altar" this night. Give nie
livhat thou wilt, take what thou wilt awny."
' 28th. — The Lord is so good to me, leading
,ue and giving me peace. Praise be unto thy
iioly name ; help me to bear my cross, dear
^ord, more faithfully.
. Second Month 4th.— Oh, my God ! my God!
3ow precious unto me are the flowings of thy
ife and love in my soul this night. Thanks be
into thee through my Saviour. Oh, my Lord,
vhat shall I say of thy mercy to me ward. Thou
'ivest strength and might to thy children.
From a letter to L. H. B., Second Month
!7th, 1866, the following extracts are taken :
" Thy poor friend feels herself so much as
|!lay in the hands of the Great Potter, ready to
i)e used in any way, that I seem sometimes to
lave no will at all ; if He sends loving Friemls
.0 me I am thankful, but if He takes them
iway, He always leaves himself and helps me
0 put ray whole trust and confidence in Him
.hat all things will work together for the ever-
asting good of his children. I did not know,
■ny dear, but He saw that I had done thee all
'he good such a poor, weak vessel could, and had
closed up our outward communion. But thou
last indeed been remembered before my Lord
Tiany a time, and my heart's desire now is for
hysanctification. We need so much purifying,
10 much humbling, that human nature often
-.brinks from the suffering; but ' as thy day, so
;hall thy strength be,' ray precious one, and
faithful is He that calleth you, who also will
\o it.' My eye fell upon a proraise so comfort-
ng the other night, this, I think : ' The Lord is
Vithful, who will establish you and keep you
rom falling.' What else shall I say unto thee,
3Ut to hold fast unto the end, it is that crowns
ill. It is indeed true that we can come unto
Him and cast our burdens upon Him, and He
ightens us."
Third Month 11th. — Very much indeed to be
;hankful for. My Heavenly Father has an-
swered some of my prayers, unworthy as I am,
;ven to draw nigh and ask. I asked for a mild
.vinter, so the freedmen need not suffer so ranch.
and thou hast given it to us two degrees warmer
than for fifty years. Praises, high praises, be
unto thy holv name.
Fourth Mouth 8th.— Oh, Lord, thou iiast
been so good to me, so many mercies, so many
blessings, so niuch answer to prayer. Oh, I
humbly pray thee to help me to serve thee
more earnestly.
Fourth Month 19th.— My birthday, and the
last day of the Yearly Meeting. We have had
such a good. Heavenly time. There were no
strangers on our side. Probably half of my life
at least is now passed, and I can humbly say,
" Hitherto the Lord has helped me " so much. I
was brought low and He helped me. Oh, that I
may walk more coutinually with my Lord in
spirit, and dedicate myself to Him.
2.5th. — In a note to her friend, L. H. B.,
speaking of a change of residence, she adds,
" Well, my dear, how are all the heavenly
flowers in thy heart? Are they cultivated day
by day, and do the white lilies of inuocence
send forth odors and incense, night after night,
as thou seeks communion with thy Holy One?
Or do the wintry storms sometimes so frown
around thee, that thou canst find no sweet odor
for thy Lord. Solomon's Songs, fourth chapter,
sixteenth verse, often comes to my mind, and I
am sometimes willing to submit to any wintry
wind, if S'l be the summer comes after with its
singing of birds, even thankful praises to my
God. Let us, dearest, try to live the life of the
ransomed, and so have ptwt in that beautiful
reality, Isaiah, thirty-fifth chapter, tenth verse.
Farewell in the same endearing love as ever.
" D. B."
Fifth Month 20th.— Moving into Twelfth St.,
and visiting has so engrossed my time and
strength, that my notes here have been neglected,^
and now I have but a poor account to give of
myself, having left the daily cross and weight
of spirit too much. Oh, how great is thy mercy
and goodness, dear Lord, to help me to come
back and work in my own vineyard this day.
Thou knowest my cross and sufferings, O Lord,
may I not hope for a little crown at last, through
thy unmerited mercy and loving kindness. We
were assured to-day that the "sufferings of this
present time are not worthy to be compared to
the glory that shall be revealed."
Sixth Month 3rd. — Silent meeting all day,
wherein I was led to covenant to be more faithful,
watchful and dedicated during the coming week.
How delightful it would be to feel no condem-
nation in the end. "I, even I, am He that
blottelh out ray transgressions for my own sake,
and will not remember thy sins," comforted me
this morning.
TO L. H. B.
"Sixth Month Hth, 1S6G.
" My mind went so much to thee yesterday,
that I thought it was tirae to write, and at night
1 opened thy dear little book at pages one hun-
dred and forty-two and forty-three, and con-
cluded these are just the words to comfort
deed many swf et extracts
It, as I open it occasionally
ace.' There a
d assurances
d think of thee. I do desire our Father t(;
strengthen thee and bear thee up in thy sore af-
fliction. Oh ! dearest L., what wouldst thou do
without thy ' Rock,' thy precious Holy and
Eternal One, to lean upon now. How merciful
is our Lord to have sought thee and brought
thee to his fold ; and to give thee of the pure
holy life in Him. Suffer nothing, my dear, to
shake thy faith in the Ltrd's superintending
care and goodness to th}' soul, as long as thou
art faithful in thy allegiance to Him.
" How I desire for thee, that the pleasures of
this world, from which thou hast in degree been
redeemed, may never captivate and enslave
thee. A whole and dedicated heart, dearest
Liura, lay upon his altar. The Lord hath need
of more earnest souls. Some words, I believe, in
the thirty-first Psalm, comforted ray heart this
evening, though feeling very unworthy to take
it all to myself: 'Thou art ray Rock, ray Fort-
ress, therefore for thy name's sake lead me and
guide ine.' ' Oh, love the Lord, all ye his saints,
for He preserveth the faithful.' ... In two
weeks ray nice little school will probably close.
Next Second-day we intend to spend at Dewey's
lane. Believe rae, thy ever aflfectionate,
" D. B."
Seventh Month loth.— She writes to her
brother and sister from Newark, N. J., where
there was no Friend's Meeting, " How I would
like the privilege of going to meeting this morn-
ing. Drawing nearer to God alone is not quite
like the fire, caused by many living coals, though
I humbly believe regarded by our Father, who
looks at the heart's desire to adore Him."
30th. — She writes in her diary : Been to
Newark for two and a half weeks, and was pre-
served amidst peculiar temptations. Thanks be
unto thee, O, my God. Thine everlasting arras
are round about, unworthy as I am. Fill my
soul, dearest Father, with heavenly love, that I
may win souls to Thee, Oh, my Lord and King.
Ninth Month 2nd. — Been "helped indeed by
my blessed Lord, through what caused rae so
much anxiety (a vi.sit in Chester County), but
have not been entirely faithful in fasting and
rayer. Oh, I want to commence this day, to
try earnestly to walk without one sin, a stain on
the robe which He cleanses for me, through
washing in his blood. Help me, oh. Lord.
16th. — Lord, thou hast helped me when I
felt so low and poor and full of temptation.
Oh, bless me, even me, wilt thou not, and give
me the desires of ray heart, if consistent with
thy holy will. Oh, prosper thy works iu the
hearts of thy children. Look upon thy people
with an eye of favor and renew our life in thee.
TO L. H. B.
"Ninth Month 18th, 1S66.
" My heart has gone forth again and again
to thee, these many weeks past, in tender love
and sympathy. I know thou had a right to
expect rae to write, but opportunitv did not
Laura. Thou wilt find them in 'Thoughts of seera to present until now. It seemed to me, I
186
THE FRIEND.
First Mo. 2, 1897
did thee ao Utile good in thy last visit, and I
have to leave thee to the Lord, humbly desiring
that the Lord would solve all thy difficulties.
I know He is good, and that his tender mercies
are over all his works. Thy sister, too, has
been called to her everlasting home. I hope
you have a consoling evidence of her happy
entrance there. How sad it must be to have no
word from those we love. Dear Ruth Anna
Richie! How sad I should have been to have
had no word from her, and how merciful our
Father and Lord was to accept her last dedica-
tion. I am so thankful. She sat just in front of
me in meeting, and was sometimes like a little
screen to me. Thou canst understand.* It
would be selfish to wish to recall her from that
blessed home, where ne humbly trust she is re-
joicing in the light and mercy of her Redeemer.
The prayer of my soul is, ' Gather more, gather
ail into thy heavenly kingdom, O, thou glorious,
lioly and eternal One ! Dear Laura, how is it
with us ? Are we living day by day with our
armor on. ... I understand that dear E.
Pitfield's memorial is to be read in our next
Monthly Meeting. Perhaps thou would like to
come. It will be next Third-day. I loved her
so much. Sometimes in her communications
she would quote, 'Simon, Simon, behold Satan
has desired to have you that he may sift you as
wheat, but I have prayed for thee, that thy
faith fail not,' generally addiug that the dear
Master prayed for us still, even for his tempted
children. Is it not precious for us to think of,
even now, my dear? I have no doubt thou
often has thy conflicts, but hold on upon the
anchor, 'The Lamb and his followers shall have
the victory.' Thy deeply attached friend,
" D. B."
Eleventh Month 11th. — This day my uncle
Paul Swift was interred. I hope he has entered
the kingdom, having pa,<sed through much tribu-
lation and bodily suffering for two years, which
affected his mind somewhat.
How has it been with thee, O, my soul, these
two months? Not all the time without sin.
When shall I be free? When shall I be entirely
crucified? No will but thine, Oh, Lord, thou
hast been so merciful to nie, and accepted my
contrite heart many times. This day have felt
a renewed engagement to enter into covenant
to follow the Lord faithfully.
Twelfth Month 7th.— I can indeed sing of thy
mercies, O, Lord, for they have been so many.
O, blessed JiOrd ! I would praise thee. Help
me to serve thee better.
•'lOth. — The last Firstday in the year. — I am
not so dedicated as I should be. I come unto
thee with full resolution, oh. Lord, to try to
serve thee better. Accept my feeble prayer and
thanksgiving for the multitude of tliy mercies.
First Month 27th, 1807.— Turn thy hand yet
more and more upon me, O, Holy Father, until
I am what thou wouldst have me to be. Show
me, oh, Father, how to worship thee in meet-
ings with my whole soul. I am a child, teach
thou me the way.
(To be continued.)
A LETTER from an English Friend says of the
late Darlington Conference, that it " lias been
another occasion for the reading of papers, and
making of speeches, with which we cannot have
much in common. It is a great feature of the
present day to be using the intellect in religious
matters by writing or preparing beforehand, in
* R. A. R., being hard of hearing, sat on the front
seat facing the gallery, and D. B., before being rei
mended as a minister, sat behind her.
stead of waiting for fresh springs, but that kind
of thing canuot have much root. The general
tendency is very harmful."
Haddonfield Quarterly Meeting.
This body of Friends assembled at Moores-
town, N. J., on the seventeenth of Twelfth Mo.,
1896. The day was fine, though cold, and the
attendance was large. We were favored with
a good meeting, in which some sound advice
was given in Gospel authority.
A concern to visit in Gospel love, some of
the meetings of Ohio Yearly Meeting was spread
before it, by one of our ministers ; and was
freely and fully united with by both men's and
women's meetings, for, according to the recent
change in the discipline, such concerns now re-
quire the concurrence of both branches of the
church.
Beyond this, there was little or nothing in the
business, out of the usual order. But a some-
what striking feature was the number of per-
sons, not recommended ministers, who felt called
upon to address the meeting, perhaps half a
dozen or more, giving ground to hope that the
Head of the Church was still preparing servants
to act as his ambassadors, who might fill the
places of those dignified instruments who have
latterly been removed from among us.
One of the pleasant and profitable things con-
nected with these gatherings of Friends is the
opportunity for social intercourse which they
present. Among the incidents related in con-
versation was the remark made by one who had
filled a position in a large hospital, who referred
to a hot spell of weather a few years ago, when
several persons overcome with the heat were
brought in as patients. It happened that a pa-
tient confined with a broken limb was located
in the receiving room. After the heated term
had ended this man .said to the physician in
charge, that he knew several of the men who
had been brought in as sun-stroke patients, and
he had noticed that'all of them who were drink-
ing men had died. He had been in the habit
of drinking liquor, but had made up his mind
to quit the practice, having seen its eflTect in les-
sening the power of the system to throw off dis-
ease.
The experience was also related of one who
had been in the habit of smoking tobacco.
Under the convicting power of Divine Grace
he had become a religiously minded man, but
this habit, acquired in his younger years, still
clung to him. One day, after breakfast, he
lighted his pipe and started to walk from his
house to his shop. On the road he was sud-
denly stopped, and heard a voice distinctly say,
"Thou must give up the use of tobacco." Star-
tled, as he was, and believing it was a Divine
command, he felt that he was so much a slave
to the habit, that he did not know that he
would be able to obey. While thus he.^itating,
the command was repeated, " Thou must give
up the use of tobacco," with the addition of
" Now," and coupled with the admonition, that
the evil effects of his example were counteract-
ing all the good that otherwise might be done
by his preaching. He was so affected that he
shook like an aspen leaf; but still hesitated to
yield obedience. Then the voice came a third
time, as clear and distinct as he ever heard an
outward voice, "Thou must give up the use of
tobacco," and the impression fastened on his
mind, that if he refused to obey he could never
gain admission to the kingdom of heaven. Like
the Apostle Paul, he was not disobedient to the
Heavenly vision, but threw his pipe over the
fence, and lifted up his heart to God, entreating
Him for deliverance from the chains of his ap-
petite. He never after indulged, and when
asked how long it took him to overcome the de-
sire for this plant, he said, "About three min-
utes." J. W. ,
To the Very End.
[We have received from a concerned Friend
the following criticisms on an expression used
in the account of D. B. Webb, which for a
number of weeks has been publishing in Thi
Friend. While the words " to the very end,'
literally accepted, may convey too strong an
impression of the fears and exercises to which
even the devoted servants of the Lord are sub-
ject, yet the experience of many such servants
shows the Lord often permits them to be tried
by a sense of desertion, and by fears that they
may lose the standing to which they have at-
tained. These trials, no doubt, tend to keep
them humble, and to preserve them in that
watchful state which our Saviour enjoined upon
his disciples, " Watch and pray, lest ye entei
into temptation," is a good watchword for all
—Ed.]
In the first chapter of the very instructive
"Diary and Letters of Deborah Brooks Webb,''
my attention was arrested by one little expres-
sion ciiiitained in the following sentence, which
probably alludes to the later years of her life:
" When she sought Him He was always to bt
found, and she did seem wonderfully clear ol
the doubts and fears of which .so many of tht
Lord's dedicated ones have largely to partake
to the very end."
I apprehend it was unintentional in the com-
piler to convey the impression that the Lord's
dedicated ones to the latest period of their lives
were tried with uncertainty, but it seemed to me
that such might be inferred from the expression
We have the recorded testimony of a cloud
of witnesses who have e.vperienced for a longer
or shorter period before their departure, s
blessed, unmixed assurance that a happy im-
mortality awaited them whatever trials and close
provings they had previously known, indeen
we may not find one instance of such as these
being left at last to doubts and fears. This par
ticular feature in the Christian's experience il
has long seemed to me is the greatest consola
tion that can be realized in this world.
Twelfth Month, 1S96.
The Preshijterian, of Philadelphia, says :—
" Nothing should interfere with home duties
Even great service for humanity cannot com
pensate for their neglect. Works of charity
and business for the Church are of great price
and should be attended to in their place anc
measure, but never at the sacrifice of loved
ones entrusted to one's care and training. Home
has the first and preeminent claim. Childrei
are a God-given heritage. They must be rightl)
cultured and disciplined, as well as properl)
provided for. Father and mother must be abli
to say at the great day : ' Here are we, and thosi
whom thou hast given us.' Platform oratorj
serves an excellent purpose, but it is a poor sub
stitute for a home neglected in its gratification
Committee meetings and temperance and mis
sionary work are valuable, but not at the sacri
fice of family interests. Give your home th(
first attention ; then devote what time, talen
and effort you can to outside agencies."
While there is a valuable lesson contained ii
these remarks, it must not be forgotten that thr
(First Mo. 2, 1807
THE FRIEND.
187
Lord lias the right to dispose of his children as
He sees right. It may please Him to send the
father or mother of a tkmily to a distauce from
fhe home circle ; and it is in his power so to
bless the sacrifice that those who are left behind
will be better cared for than the parent will be
lible to effect without Divine assistance.
I From " The [London] Friend."
j John Woolman, Tailor.
[ In our thoughts of Woolman we sometimes
tporget the fact that this Quaker saint was the
iriliage tailor of Mount Holly. We remember
he service to which he was called in his own
50ciety, for the freeing of the slaves ; we re-
uember, too, the extreme simplicity of his char-
icter, which gives much of its fragrance to his
/ournal ; but it is not well that we should for-
get his daily calling.
, Woolman has left us in no doubt as to his
)wn attitude towards his trade. He regarded
t as his "calling'" in that simple ami allem-
jracing mysticism which makes his character:
:' I believed the hand of Providence pointed out
his business for me." The utterance i-i signifi-
cant, because this man felt for the hand of God
n every deed of his daily life, and one might
almost say, especially in his trade. In the "Tes
.imon}'" of Friends at Burlington concerning
iiim, it is written :— " He was very moderate iu
lis charges in the way of business, and in his
ilesires after gain ; and though a man of indus-
iry, avoided, and strove much to lead others
i(ut of extreme labor and anxiety after perish-
iible things; being desirous that the strength of
'lur bodies might not be spent in procuring
hings unprofitable."
; Every Friend who has read the Journal — and
jne can hardly believe that any earnest Friend
las not done so — must be familiar with Wool-
nan's strong conviction that trade is in reality
'- great religious service for the followers of
Jesus, the carpenter of Nazareth. It is not
.inly that all service is sacred, but that trade
arried on for motives of gain is the source of
nost of the oppression which in his vision lies,
ike a sullen gloom, over the dawn of Divine
ight and love. Human misery is the great
iroblem which men have to deal with, yielding
hemselves as ready instruments to the hand of
divine love; and that misery was to his mind
hiefly caused by the spirit of oppression, which
loiions the river of commerce, and makes of it
an overflowing stream of unrighteousness."
This thought becoming clear in his mind and
•eraaining a profound conviction through his
ife, it was also revealed to him that a man's
Tading might and should be of itself an " in-
'iting language," and, pursued in the spirit of
J^esus, should remind men of his love. Surely it
^ not impossible that a sacramental meaning
hould even now attach to the trade, carried on
Q a Christian spirit. The dealing out of the
'ommon bread by Jesus to his disciples had a
nystical significance ; and is it not the highest
everence to believe with Woolman, that the
hopkeeper's transactions, which are a handling
f the common goods of the community, may
Iso be symbolical of love and its great gift to
aen?
This idea of the true character and import-
nee of his trade is continually expressed in his
I'ritings. In trade Woolman perceives the roots
f war as well as of slavery. Where our treas-
re is, there also is our heart ; we are blind to
ionor and pity when we refuse to place our sav-
Qgs in the keeping of God, and when our
sdgers are the antitheses of our Bibles. That
is a doctrine which is simple and honest, and it
is part of the unwritten creed of Quakerism.
With a beautiful ten<lerness of conscience, Wool-
man besought his friends to look upon their
furniture and their garments, " to try whether
the seeds of war have nourishment in these our
possessions." Just as many Friends refused to
sanction slavery by avoiding the use of West
Indian sugar, so Woolman sought to discounte-
nance oppression by abstaining from any traffic
which was iiased thereon.
"It is evident that all business which hath
not its foundation in true wisdom is not becom-
ing [id] a faithful follower of Christ, tvho locef
God not onlij with all his heart, but with all his
strenglh and ability." Such thoughts as these
convinced Woolman that it was right for him
to live in a contented poverty, or rather an aus-
tere but happy simplicity. For many reasons
he loved simplicity ; in materials it stood to him
for honesty both to his customers and to those
engaged in manufacture. He refused to trade
in frippery and those things which " minister
to the vain mind in men." All showy articles
which made up for poor material by an ex-
travagant avowal of splendor were distasteful
and hurtful to him. These things could only
encourage his customers to cumber themselves
with much labor for the meat that perishes.
Moreover, he was thoroughly alive to the eco-
nomic meaning of luxury. He saw in the waste-
ful extravagance of the cultured and intellec-
tual classes of society, the want and ignorance
of the workers. And to his own simple indus-
trious mind it was absolutely wrong to waste
the energies of life upon trivialities — it was the
worst form of idolatry, the sacrifice of living
men before the golden idol of mammon.
John Woolman himself was a man of natural
capacity, with a talent for " merchandise," and
his business prospered in Mount Holly (a vil-
lage some miles east of Philadelphia) ; but after
much prayerful consideration he decided to
give up his retailing and devote himself solely
to tailoring. This conclusion was reached with
an earnest sense of duty. Although there is
little mention of his home life in his Journal,
there is enough to assure us that he did not
lightly put aside the thought of his wife and
children's future. But he felt that he had no
right to bind himself iu the cumbers of mer-
chandise for the sake of his children, when he
had other work given him to do. He definitely
withdrew from the vain endeavor to exempt
them from " those cares which neces.sarily relate
to this life," believing for them as for himself,
that his Heavenly Father knew their need, and
that if they might rather be led to seek for the
treasure of his kingdom, "all these things"
should be added unto them.
It must not be inferred from this that Wool-
man was an idle man. He was naturally in-
dustrious, but he perceived that the continual
" creaturely activity" of his trade, however holy,
tended to disturb the inner peace of his soul,
and made him somewhat less sensitive to the
leadings of the Spirit of God. And while he
valued industry and thrift, he was fully aware
of the temptation which lies in them — the j\Iar-
thalike busy-ness which has no time, fir its
much serving, to sit at the feet of the Master.
Mere thrift and industry may render men cal-
lous to the appeals of humanity ; that they have
often done so, is sufficiently notorious; labor is
given and taken as a drug to dull the miud, and
make men capable of slavery.
So. although he loved his trade, and prosper-
ed in it, John Woolman did not extend it. He
had other work to do — work to which he w^as
called as surely as to his needle and thread.
No parochial genius, he went forth into the
world and preached the Gospel. When he
reached Loudon, at the time of the Yearly
Meeting in 1772, he was led by a vivid vision
of the need and condition of the peo[)le. But the
Yearly Meeting received him coldly and it was
suggested that perhajis our friend would now
feel himself liberated from this service and re-
turn to his home. But Woolman could not go
back ; neither might he live in England at the
expense of Friends who had no unit)' with hira.
With a wonderful jjatience and simplicity, he
trusted that Friends might be " willing to em-
ploy him in such business as he was capable of,
that he might not be chargeable to any."
It is not men who are in.sensible to love and
happiness who suffer most ; and there is every
reason to believe that Woolman was peculiarly
sensitive to pain and pleasure. He had the
natural temperament of a poet; but his strenu-
ous spirit was not fretted by the pettiness and
vulgarity of trade ; he was one of tho.se great
souls who preserve their tranquillity and inde-
pendence of character in the market-place of
life. Henry Bixns.
Dalton Hail.
Honesty in a Malay.
William Taylor relates that his friend Henry
Reed, in a voyage from England to Australia
in 1840, stopped at Cape Town. When the ship
came to anchor, a Malay boatman tipped his
hat to H. Reed:
" A boat, sir?"
" What will you charge to take me and my
family ashore?"
" Thirteen dollars, sir."
"Thirteen dollars! Why, that is too much."
" No, sir; it is the regular price, and I can't
do it for less."
"Very well," said H. Reed, " we will go with
you."
When safely landed he paid the Malay thir-
teen dollars, about two pounds and fourteen
shillings. The next morning a messenger called
on H. Reed at his lodgings and said, "The
Malay boatman who brought you ashore yes-
terday is at the door, and wants to see you."
"Dear me," thought H. Reed, as he was go-
ing to the door, " that fellow is not satisfied with
his extortionate gains of yesterday, and wants
to make another draw on me to-day.
" What do you want, sir?" demanded Reed.
" You made a mistake yesterday in the money
you paid me," replied the boatman.
" Not at all, sir ; no mistake about it. You
asked me thirteen dollars for your work, and I
paid you, and you'll not get an}' more;" and
added to the sentence in his own mind, "These
boatmen are alike the world over."
" No," said the JIalay, "you are quite mis-
taken; I charged thirteen dollars — "
" Y'es," rejoined H. Reed, " and I paid it,
and you ought to be satisfied."
"But," continued the son of Mohammed, " I
meant Dutch rix-dollars, and you paid me
three times as much as I asked, and I have
brought your money back" — handing him the
money. "Thirteen rix-dollars are nineteen shil-
lings and sixpence, instead of two pounds and
fourteen shillings.
H. Reed was satisfied to receive back his
money, but especially delighted to find such an
example of honesty where he least expected it.
Ambition carries the torch of discord.
]«S
THE FRIEND.
First Mo. 2, 189;
A BUNCH OP BITTSR-SV^EET.
O, Bitter-sweet, wilh tliy berries red,
How dear ihou an to me I
Keminding me of days long fled.
When life was full and tree.
O, Biiter-swcet, with thy berries red,
A lesson thou teachest me !
When summer's past and all else dead.
Thou still canst radiant be.
O, Bitter-sweet, with tliy berries bright,
I would be like to thee :
When hope is dead and there is no light,
I yet would useful be.
A YEAR AGO.
A year ago!
A year ago I had my baoy here,
with hair of gold, and eyes so blue and clear ;
A year ago I heard his pattering feel.
And listened to his childish babble sweet,
Now he has gone — gone whither? Who can say ?
I only know he left me that sad day,
A year ago.
And is that all ?
Is there no comfort for the aching heart?
>'o balm to ease, no hand to bind the smart?
Are all my hopes lost in a bleak unknown,
.And is my baby wandering forth alone?
My baby, whom I loved and tended so,
.\nd soothed to sleep with mcjther-croonings low,
A year ago I
Nay, heart, not all !
For, see I beyond, in countries not unknown.
My baby wait.";, well loved, and not alone ;
A strfmg Hand guides him, lest his feet should fall,
And loving ears are quick to hear his call ;
He waits full happy, safe from all alarms ;
For Jesus took my baby in his arms
A year ago.
— Exchange.
[Our aged friend Robert Knowles, of Paul-
Una, Iowa, has forwarded to us the following
narrative of a religious visit paid by Henry
Knowles, more than fifty years ago. — Ed].
Sixth-day, the sixth of First Month, 184.3, I
attended meeting at Louisville, where I met
with our friend Joseph Edgerton and compan-
ion. First and Second-days visited their fami-
lies. Third-day attended meeting at Leray, ap-
pointed by Joseph Edgerton ; afternoon at In-
dian River — both favored meetings. At the
close I gave notice of being at their week-day
meeting. Fourth-day attended Indian River
meeting to good satisfaction ; Fi.fth-day attended
Leray meeting again, in which Truth rose into
dominion, and the Lord was exalted over all,
blessed be his name, and his children praised
Hira. We are nothing ; He is all in all. In the
evening had a meeting in the school-house about
eight miles on our way toward Canada, to
which came Joseph Edgerton and companion
from Ohio, and Lydia Hallock and husband
from Vermont, in which we had a favored bap-
tizing meeting together, many testimonies being
home to the truths of the Gos|>el, in which the
inhabitants rejoiced, and we p(j<jr pilgrims were
strengthened to hold on our way^six of us
bound for Canada.
On Sixth-day, the thirteenth of First Month,
started for Canada early in the morning, ac-
companied by our friends Jonas Smith and
Samuel Childs; rode to the River St. Lawrence,
which was very much frozen. No team having
passed. After waiting about two hours with some
anxiety, there was a boat came from the other
side which had been four or five hours cutting
out of the ice, which brought my daughter,
>[ary A. Knowles and her company, a very
agreeable meeting. They were glad to find them-
selves on their native land again, and to see
some of their old friends. Our company returned
in the boat, and we were glad that we had an
opportunity to cross, which seemed like a provi-
dential one, for there had no boat crossed be-
fore, nor dill there afterwards, for the river
froze right up again. There was much floating
ice in the river, but we got safe over, and to a
friend's house that night in Canada, where all
six of us strangers lodged and were kindly
cared for.
The fourteenth had a sitting in the family,
and another in a friend's house not far off, wno
seemed afflicted — both fiivored times. After-
noon attended a meeting in a school-house near
by, appointed by the strangers; then rode to
Leeds at Harvey Derbyshire's.
First-day, the loth, we all attended their
meeting, held in Farraersville, which was a
large, crowded meeting. Joseph was very much
favored — we had a good meeting ; then visited
families, accompanied by H. Derbyshire and
wife, in which I was engaged about ten days,
and found many different states and conditions,
and was favored to speak to them. On Firs -
day, 22nd, attended their meeting again, which
was a favored time ; Truth reigned over all,
and almost all were broken into tears; many
wept aloud ; the floor was wet in many places,
and although it was near two o'clock, yet we
hail hard work to break up the meeting — they
seemed loth to leave their seats — a meeting long
to be remembered by many that were there
of different denominations of people; visited
some more families, to good satisfaction.
Twenty-fourth, started for Kingston; 25th,
arrived at John Fries; visited some families.
Twenty-sixth, attended their week-day meeting.
Had some close, trying times amongst them.
First-day, 29th, attended their meeting again.
Thirtieth, rode toward the half-year meeting to
Thomas Robinson's, (hen to our friend, Samuel
Case's, and visited the families in that neighbor-
hood and had a meeting with them, some close
labor, and so felt clear. Thirty-first, I attended
the Select Meeting ; Second Month 1st, attended
the half-year's meeting for business; the stran-
gers all attended, likewise Mead Atwater, from
Lockport, N. Y. It was a favored one, though
some close service was dispensed. Next day was
their public meeting, which was large and fa-
vored, but I found it my place to sit them mostly
through in silence. Then coiumenced visiting
families, accompanied by . Had many
close, trying opportunities, some that were hard
to the natural part. Friends are very wordly
in these meetings; some have mixed and min-
gled with it many ways, to the sorrow of the
humble-hearted ones. My mind was dipped
into deep travail and exercise with some, and
under sorrow and distress for others. I had
much and close labor anions them, had to place
things close home; some said well, some said ill,
but it mattered not ; the Lord was my guide and
support ; my only dependence. I attended West
Lake and Emmetsburg meetings several times,
and found some Friends in them all. I was very
clos?ly tried many times, but the Lord was near
to preserve and protect; blessed be his name!
O, how thankful I feel for his favors. We are
poor creatures of the dust. I had sometimes to
sound an alarm amongst them, to warn them of
a day that was approaching, a storm that was
arising that might sweep some of them away ;
that Satan had desired to have them, that he
might sift them like wheat. Oh, how mv heart
doth tremble for this people, when I consider
the situation of our Society — how we are run-
ning into the world, the pleasures and custom;
of it — the many different societies that are form
ing. We were to be a separate people. " Comt
ye out from among them, saith the Lord, and 1
will receive you ; touch not the unclean thing.'
O, what need there is of getting down to tb(
foundation. Where the Lord is to be known
and there to dwell; where Christ is only to bi
found and the leaf is ever green.
From here to Cold Creek ; visited the fami
lies there ; found some sincere hearted ones
who were encouraged, and the slothful and un
faithful warned ; the Lord's presence being wit!
us. Stayed at Esley Terrel's, who acoonipaniei
me, visiting the families up the lake to Johi
Clark's, where is a small meeting in a very lov
state. Then on to Pickering. Attended thei
meeting, which was a trying one to me. Th'
people kept coming in till the meeting was hal
out, and then there seemed no settlement—;
hard, trying time. Visited the families mucl
scattered, and very differently situated in ever;
sense of the word, some loved Friends and som
hated them. There were some valuable Friend;
yet some trying things.
Wm. Wright went with me to Mariposa
visited fourteen families in the woods; attendei
their meeting, mostly to good satisfaction ; thenc
to Whit-Church to Henry Widowfield's, wh
accompanied me through that meeting, whici
was trying in some parts, yet comfortable ani
satisfactory in the main ; then to Stephen Cady'e
at Young Street, who accompanied me througl
that meeting, where I had sotne close servicf
yet found many valuable Friends that appearei
to be engaged for the cause of Truth, but hai
hard work to accomplish what they desirec
Attended their Monthly Meeting, in which
had to labor much for the cause of Truth am
righteousness, showing them the inconsistenc
of mixing with the world and the world's fo
lies; and exhorted them to join in with thei
rulers and help in the work ; it was a tavore'
meeting, and ended well ; then to Tecumsel
accompanied by Henry Widowfield. Some trj
ing things there also, but I have learned in a.
things to be content. R. K.
For "The Fkibnd."
Slavery.
The life of William Taylor, a Methodifi
Bishop, contains, the following incident, whici
shows the sentiments of the Methodists in Vii'
ginia, in reference to slavery. His home wa8»
that State :
In the examination of character in the Con
ference, when my name was called, my presic
ing elder said, " No objections to Brother Tay
lor." Then, according to custom, it was i'
order for me to retire till the Conference shoul
hear the report of my presiding elder as to m
labors for the preceding year and the report (
the chairman of the Cimimittee of Esaminatio
on the Courseof Study. But instead of prompt!
retiring, I addressed the chair, and asked an
received permission to speak. I said, " Mr. Chai
man, since the session of Conference last yea
the Lord has given mo a wife. My wife is a
heir to an undivided estate in which there at
about a dozen slaves. She is anxious to mam
mit her portion of them, but they will not con
into her possession, nor hence be at her disposi
in any wtiy, till the youngest heir reaches hi
majority by age or marriage. As we shall ha^
much to do with the training of her coheirs-
her young brothers and two young sisters — w
hope, by the will of God and the concurreui
of all concerned, to manumit the whole of tl
THE FRIEND.
189
laves together and thus avoid the separation
■t' tliniilies. If the Conference desires a pledge
iir the emancipation of all that may come to
iiy wife, we will give it."
The bishop replied, " If J. A. Harding had
iiaile a manly speech of that sort at the Cuu-
lerence of 1844, it might have prevented a split
ihat rent our church in twain. We want no
)etter pledge, Brother Taylor, than what you
lave just given."
1 I thus foreclosed all surmises and discussions
\bout my connection with slavery. The issue
n regard to ihe pardon of the slaves resulted
ust as I predicted. Within four years from that
time the youngest heir was married, and on the
■light of her marriage a deed of manumission
yas executed, signed by all the claimant heirs,
ind from my own pocket I gave them one
housand dollars in gold, and my father engaged
heir passage, and put them aboard a ship
)Ound for Liberia, where they arrived safely
D due time.
Glimpses into Persian Life.
The people of Asia live in villages. I have
aot yet seen in Persia a detached farmer's house
ftanding in the country alone. Such a man
■vould live, if he could live at all, in perpetual
ear and peril. Even the outlying houses of a
nllage are often regarded as so dangerous as to
1)6 undesirable for any but the bold and nnfear-
I'ul. All the people live in communities, and
.heir activities and enterprises inside are com-
;nunity enterprises.
, In the threshing lime, accordingly, the level
jpace near each village chosen as the site of the
■■hreshing is a scene of color and life in which
inost of the village takes part. The people ad-
lere with a conservatism that is both Islamic
ind Oriental to many of the customs of their
I'athers in the time of the patriarchs. The cut
'?rain is laid on the hard, clean earth of the
threshing-Hoor, and cut up by a roller set with
,\nives or a broad sledge set with scores of flints,
Irawn by oxen, cows, buifaloes. The cut straw
,vill be trampled by oxen or buffaloes, tied six
ibreast and fastened by a rope to a high pole
let in the midst (jf the floor. The inside ox is
lobbied so that he can take only halting steps
ind walk only in a small circle, and the heads
i)f all are tied so close together that all must
swing about with the ox.
The oxen are unmuzzled as " they trample
■)ut the corn." The grain thoroughly cut and
)roken is tossed in the air and the coarse straw
is blown out by the wiud. What is left comes
nto the hands of the man with " a fan in his
land," who thoroughly tries the grain from the
3haff. The fan is simply a wooden shovel, with
»vhich the husbandman tosses the straw into the
iir. The wheat is then sifted by the women,
ivho take as active part in all the threshing as
he men, and is then carefully measured and
aeaped up, and so marked with indentations as
■-0 make any alteration or depletion of the pile
evident. The straw is taken off to the village
itore-houses in great two-wheeled carts, with
wheels of enormous weight, whose liubs are of
aiost cumbersome proportions, — two feet wide
ind a foot or more thick. There is no oil for
the axles of these carts. All the oil the people
can afford is used for light or food. The wheels
ire greased by the simple process of stuffing green
n-eeds into the hubs, that their juices may ease
the niastodonic wagon.
The gleaners follow the threshers. The earth
may seem as clean as a polished floor, but the
women go over it with microscopic care, sweep-
ing the ground with their wis]) brooms ami
picking up each stray grain. A Boaz could
easily fill the veil of a gleaning Iluth who fol-
lowed his young men.
The country is full of illustrations of scriptu-
ral phrases. The fan separates the wheat and
the chaff, and as the ungodly man the chaff is
blosvn away. There are no trees save those
that grow along the water-courses, and they
flourish like the godly man " planted by the
rivers ot water." This afternoon, as we rode
through the village of Haftdewan, where we are
resting for Sunday on our way from Oroomiah
to Tabriz, we passed some shepherds who were
separating the sheep from the goats in a large
flock. The goats seemed surprised as each was
seized and put outside with the (;ther goats, but
each one seemed at once to recognize that he
was in his proper place and association. Could
any figure better describe than this the great
separation of those whose tastes eternally con-
flict, and who will recognize in the hour of judg-
ment the ajipropriateness and justness of the
Divine distinction?
In many villages the housetops all connect,
so that one is often unable to tell whether he is
walking on the ground or on the housetop, and
is able to tell, if at all, only by the holes which
look through into the inner gloom of the dark
home life of many of the village people. For
these people the words of Christ about the sud-
denness of his coming, " Let him that is upon
the housetop not go down to take out the things
that are in his house," have a very real mean-
ing. "Let him that is in the field not return
back to take his cloak" has its meaning also.
Wherever a man is plowing, his cloak will be
seen lying at the end of the furrow. Two wo-
men grind at the mill still as they did in Pales-
tine in the time of our Lord. Each village has
its place where its people go out to welcome
their coming friends and to bid godspeed to
those who go. Wherever we have a congrega-
tion, and it is known that they are coming, little
groups, sometimes large companies, come out to
greet the missionaries. " Behold the bridegroom,
come ye forth to meet him," sounds a cry which
these people know well in its spirit. A hun-
dred Bible passages have a new meaning, and
the Saviour's boyhood life in Nazareth stands
out with fresh meaning and distinctness. . . .
Miss HoUiday of Tabiiz suggests that future
archeologists, studying the ruins of the homes
of the Persians, will conclude from the doors
that they were built for a race of dwarfs, and
from the stairs that they were adapted for a
race of giants. The floors are dirt, covered
in the poorer homes with rush mats, and in
others with carpets and rugs. The newer rugs
are of poor design and color. The incoming of
foreign tastes and dyes has unfortunately affect-
ed the styles of the new rugs. But often in a
poor home one chances upon a beautiful old
rug, which cannot be worn out, of soft, fine color,
and workmanship of almost perfect fidelity.
There are no bedsteads in the villages, the peo-
ple sleep on the floor, and during the day the
blankets and rugs, which constitute the beds,
are rolled back against the wall. During the
summer the people sleep upon the housetops or
in the vineyards. Each vineyard and melon-
patch and threshing floor has its booth, or raised
sleeping-floor, where the people sleep to keep
guard over their crops. There are no chairs in
the village houses. The floor is the seat of all
as well as the bed.
At meals all sit about, Persian fashion, on
their knees, the leg, from the knee down, bent
directly back, and constituting the Persian chair.
At the meal there may be large wooden spoons,
l)ut there are no forks and knive.s, save pocket-
knives. Rice and meata, a sort of thick soured
milk, and native bread made out of the whole
wheat, in thin pieces about twelve by eighteen
inches in size, are the staple articles of food.
Tne pieces cannot be called loave.s. They look
rather like gigantic pan cakes, though they are,
of course, baked hard. The bread for many
weeks will be baked at one baking, and softened
with water when desired for u.<e. The chief
Persian fuel is a mixture of cow-dung, straw,
au'l dirt. The women and girls are the scaven-
gers of the village, and make the fuel, working
it with their feet and hands, and making it into
flat cakes, which are heaped up in conical piles,
often decorated at the fop with a weed or buneh
of flowers. The stoves are underground holes,
and there are no chimneys. The children are
clad in one or two garments, and often, in these
cold autumn mornings, run about the housetops
naked. They sit down with the family to the
.simple meals, and all partake together, dijiping
into a common dish. If there is meat, it is
broken apart with the fingers, never bitten. It
is regarded as impolite to bite meat or bread
when they can be torn or broken. The bread
is dipped into the different dishes, its flexibility
rendering it possible to use it instead of spoons,
and the sop is often dipped and given to an
honored guest, as it was given to Judas in evi-
dence of our Lord's understanding of his pur-
pose. At this season of the year fruit consti-
tutes a large proportion of the food of the peo-
ple. The grapes are large, delicious, and abun-
dant. Millions of pounds are yielded by the
vineyards; most of these are made into raisins,
and sent to Russia. Yesterday and to-day we
have passed thousands of camels bearing" the
raisins or going toward Oroomiah for them.
There have been unusual rains the past week,
and as the people, with customary Persian tor-
pidity, have nothing with which to cover the
raisins exposed to the sun for drying, the rain
has caused hundreds of thousands of tomans
damage. A toman is of the same value as a
dollar. The people are very hospitable. There
is always a welcome for the visitor, and a place
for him about the meal. . . .
Into this simple life the missionaries brought,
two generations ago, the message of the pure
Gospel, and hundreds of these homes have re-
ceived it, and been transformed by it. The
native Christians are accustomed to speak of
"dark" and " light villages," meaning to draw
the distinction between those that have received
the pure Gospel, and those that are withnut it.
The chance traveller can almost invariably tell
the difference, and even the Moslem masters
recognize it. It is the rule of the masters to
have their own servants supervise the measure-
ment of the wheat and mark it, but in some of
the Christian villages the masters refer the whole
matter to the villagers, saying that they can
trust the Christians; and, in general, a Moslem
distrusts a Moslem's word, while he acknow-
leilges the truthfulness and reliability of their
Christian subjects, whom a consistent Islamism
cannot regard as other than infidel dogs. Very
hard, however, even at the best, is the lot of
Christian subjects of a Muhammadan govern-
ment. We must bear this in mind rightly to
appreciate the significance of the work done
here bv Christian mi.ssions. — S. S. Time^.
" Evil is wrought by want of thought, as well
as by want of heart."
190
THE FRIEND.
The Peabody and Slater Funds.
The last thirty years haye \yitQessed many
princely gifts f ir educatiou in this couutr)-, but
none more important than the Peabody and
Slater trusts for popular education in the South.
Measured by average life nearly a generation
has passed away since George Peabody, in 1866,
dedicated to this cause 82,500,000, soon after
augmented by au additional million. More re-
markable even than the fact of the gift was the
provision for its administration. One condition
laid down by the donor was that Robert C.
Winthrop should be the permanent President
of the Board of Trustees in control of the fund,
a position that he filled for twenty eight years.
The first vice Presidents were Hamilton Fish,
of New York and Bishop Mcllvaine, of Ohio,
inid thus were united the Eastern, Central and
Western States in the counsels that were to di-
rect the new order of things arising in the South.
From first to last the Board of Trustees has in-
cluded three presidents of the United States,
two Chief Justices of the Supreme Court, the
most famous military men of both the Union
and Confederate armies, distinguished bishops,
financiers, like Drexel and Morgan, lawyers,
such as Evarts and Clifford, and representative
citizens of Southern communities. At a later
period " the professional educator appeared in
the person of President D. C. Oilman, of Johns
Hopkins."
By this constitution of the Board the problem
of popular education in the S )Uth, at a critical
moment of our history, was brought into the
sphere of national councils. There was some-
thing in the prestige and experience of the men
united in the cause that operated to break up
local apathy aud disaffection ; so that while ad-
hering strictly to the business of administering
their trust the Board became a great agency of
sectional reconciliation and of national unity.
Not less remarkable was the choice of men for
the immediate work of applying the money to
the purpose intended.
Guided by the advice of the President the
trustees chose as the first general agent. Presi-
dent Barnas Sears, of Brown University, a man
of extraordinary acumen, breadth aud force,
united with an all-pervading sympathy. To
the same prescience was due the choice of his
successor, Dr J. L. M. Currv. The unequalled
fitness of tills se'ection was signally recognized
by the decision of the Board to carry the whole
responsibility themselves until Dr. Curry's two
years' service as Minister to the Court of Spain
should expire. From the outset it was deter-
mined that the fund should not be dissipated
upon "forlorn hopes." The first appropriations
were made to selected schools aud towns and
cities, to educational journals and agents, fur
tlu' ))urpose of creating a sentiment in favor of
free education supported by public taxation.
When this sentiment was well developed special
efforts were made to induce the State to organ-
ize publicsciiool systems and make them a part
of the organic life of the commonwealths; and
when this end had been attained there was a
grariual withdrawal of grants for local schools,
and a concentration of the income upon schools
aud institutes for training teachers. At present
this is the di^tinctive line of effort maintained ;
and as the time is very near when, in accor-
dance with G. Peabody's original instructions,
llu^ bulk of the fund will be appropriated to in-
dividual institutions approved by two-thirds of
the trustees, it seems highly probable that some
school or s 'hools for the professional training of
teacliers will be the ultimate beneficiary of this
liberal endowment. It is confidently expected
that the Normal College at Nashville will re-
ceive the largest share in the final distribution.
It would be difficult to overestimate what has
been already accomplished through this central
institution to which students from every South-
ern State have come for training and for ideals
that in turn they have widely diffused through
the agency of the ccjramon schools. The spirit
and standards maintained at this institution are
sufficiently indicated by the names of the two
men whom the Peabody trustees successively
called to its direction. Dr. Eben Stearns and
Dr. William Payne.
In considering the actual disbursements from
G. Peabody's gift, it should be remembered that
by the failure of certain Southern securities
the original amount was reduced to §2,000,000.
Such has been the management that while a
sum equal to the principal has been expended,
the 82,000,000 is still in the bank.
In 1882 John F. Slater, a successful business
m.in of Norwich, Conn., announced his purpose
of devoting a fund of 81,000,000 to the uplifting
of the colored population in the South. He
was encouraged to this action, as he expressly
stated, by the success that had marked the con-
duct of the earlier gift, and he adopted similar
measures for the administration of his own trust.
The trustees whom he chose were limited by a
single condition, namely, the encouragement of
such " insiituticms as are most effectually useful
in promoting the training of teachers," and by
the expressed wish that the education promoted
should be " Christian" in spirit aud tendencies.
Soon after their organization the trustees ex-
pressed the judgment that in order to accom-
plish the purpose of the gift, they should foster
manual training simultaneously with mental
and moral instruction. Their decision to con-
fine appropriations to institutions that give in-
struction in trades and other manual occupa-
tions was publicly announced and has since been
rigidly maintained.
By this policy they hoped to send out teach-
ers fitted to guide their race in all the industries
that are at the basis of our social order. As
John F. Slater had himself explained " Chris-
tian education" to be simply teaching "leav-
ened with a predominant ana salutary Christian
influence," such as was found " in the common
school teaching of Massachusetts and Connecti-
cut," the trustees had large liberty of choice as
to the subjects of their bounty. Altogether they
have aitled about fifty different institutions in
sums ranging from S500 to 85,000. Up to the
close of 1894 they had distributed 8489,981.
The annual appropriations, as shown by the re-
port of 189o-'96, amount to nearly 836,000.
Two recent measures fostered by the Board
are novel and full of promise. In 1894 they
announced the intention of publishing from lime
to time papers relating to the education of the
colored race which should furnish to workers
in the cause the ripe e.xperience of the thirty
years of effort accomplished. Six of these mon-
ographs have already appeared, including a
valuable study by Henry Gannett on the "Oc-
cupations of the Negroes." The second measure
referred to was the appropriation in 1896 of
So.OOO for the "employment of pious ami intel-
ligent women, white or colored, to travel in the
rural districts of Virginia and Alabama to start
Mothers' Meetings, where the average ignorant
woman, who cannot now hope to receive an ed-
ucation, may at least be taught the way to keep
a decent home, and to elev:ite the moral stand-
ard of her humble life."
Sincerity.
The accent of deep conviction is one of tl
essentials to successful work in the service (
the Lord, and no man who misrepresents, e:
aggerates, or boasts of his Mbilities or his resul
can expect to have this accent of convictioi
or to impress by it the people around him wit
a sense of his honesty and sincerity. An uude
statement is much better than an overstatemeii
if any statement is necessary to be made. Chris
ians are servants of One who did not strive, m
cry, nor cause his voice to be heard in the street
The great work of God is mostly done i
quiet aud in silence. All over the land ui
numbered millions of seeds aud roots, buric
in the ground, swell and burst with life ; an
by its power they pierce the soil, and thro
upwards the sap, and bring to view buds an
fruits and flovvers and harvests. No morti
can compute the amount o^ physical force whic
these resistless life energies exert. There
force enough to rend rocks and to lift va
weighis; and the flood of Niagara is but a tin
stream compared with the surging torrents thi
are flawing upward through field and fores
and rolling out through leaf and branch, to fi
the world with health and beauty. And ye
all this is done without the sounding of trum]
ets, the waving of banners, the beating of drun
or the making of annual reports. So, in tb
hearts of men, the seed which God has plante
is germinating, rooting, swelling, growing au
working changes which may not appear fc
years and years, but which shall yet be constat
as the flight of time, lasting as the ages of ete
nity.
Let us learn the lesson of humility. Let i
lay our souls in dust, and remember that a
our works must be wrought in God if they ai
to accomplish good, " for it is God which worl
eth in" us " both to will and to do his goo
pleasure." H. L. Hastings.
From "The United Fkiend."
Primitive Meetings.
[The basis upon which the fi.'-st religioi
meetings of Friends were gathered, the groun
upon which they were conducted, and the e
sential character of the work performed thereii
are well set forth in the following account froi
the pen of one of the most eminent of the Si
ciety's founders, who wrote of that which t
knew, and in which he had part].
So we ceased from the teachings of all met
and their words, their worships, and their ten
pies, and all their baptisms and churches. W
ceased from our own words and professions ani;
practices in religion, in times before zealous!'
performed by us, through divers forms ; and vi
became fools for Christ's sake, that we migl i
become truly wise. By this light of Christ i
us were we led out of all false ways, and falf
preachings and false ministers; and we met ti
gether often, and waited upon the Lord in pui
silence from our own words, and all men
words, and hearkened to the voice of the Lon
and felt his word in our hearts to burn up an
beat down all that was contrary to God. \V
obeyed the light of Christ in us, and followe
the motions of the Lord's pure Spirit, and too
up the cross to all earthly glories, crowns an
ways, and denied ourselves, our relation!?, an
all that stood in the way betwixt us and tl
Lord. We chose to suffer with and for tl
name of Christ, rather than enjoy all the plea
ures upon earth, or all our former zealous pn
fessions and practices in religion without tl
Irst Mo. 2, 1897
THE FRIEND.
I'.il
awer and Spirit of God, whifii the world yet
;ves in.
Wliile waiting upon the Lord in silence, as
Tteu we did for many hours together, with our
'inds and hearts toward Hini, being staid in
le light of Christ within us froin all thoughts,
Bshly motions and desires, in our diligent
.aitiug and fear of his name, and hearkening
'. his word, we received often the pouring
Wn of the Spirit upon us, the gift of God's
jly eternal Spirit as in the days of old. And
'ir hearts were made glad, and our tongues
osed, and our mouths opened, and we spake
ith new tongues, as the Lord gave us utter-
'ice and his Spirit led us, which was poured
own upon us, our sons and daughters. To us
';reby were the deep things of God revealed,
id things unutterable were known and made
'anifest, and the glory of the Father was re-
galed. Then began we to ting praises to the
ord God Almighty and t<i the Lamb forever,
ho had redeemed us to God, and brought us
.it of the captivity and bondage of the world,
,id put an end to sin and death ; and this was
'f and through and in the light of Christ within
. Much more might be declared hereof — which
mid not be believed if it were spoken — of the
Iveral and particular operations hnd manifesta-
'ans of the everlasting Spirit that was given us
id revealed in us. But this is the sum : Life
id immortality were brought to light, power
om on high and wisdom were made manifest,
lie day everlasting appeared unto us, and the
fyful Sun of righteousness did arise and shine
rth unto us and in us. The babe of glory was
)rn, and the heir of promise brought forth to
jgn over the earth and over hell and death ;
hereby we entered into everlasting union and
llowsiiip and covenant with the Lord God,
hose mercies are sure and infinite, and his
'■omise never fails. We were raised from death
life, changed from Satan's power to God, and
iithered ofl" all the barren mountains into the
Id of eternal peace and rest. Mighty and won-
irful things hath the Lord wrought for us and
[7 US, by his own outstretched arm. — E. Bur-
fugh.
Professor J. M. Safford describes, in the
merican GeologUt for Tenth Month, a new oc-
irrence of phosphate rock in central Ten nes-
e, containing from sixty to eighty per. cent,
'calcium phosphate, and hence likely to prove
'much economic importance. The rock has
'spongy structure in layers or plates from one
six inches in thickness, making up the prin-
,pal portion of the bulb from three to eight
et thick. The age of the deposit is that of the
renton, in the Lower Silurian. Several com-
mies are already at work and doing a large
isiness in the extracticm and shipment of the
losphate. Such discoveries benefit the gen-
al public by decreasing the cost of artificial
rtilizers.
varieties always find ready sale — the delicate-
leaved maidenhair and the coar-ser "dagger"
fern. The season for gathering is from Tentii
to Fifth Months. From sixty to two hundred
persons are engaged in fern picking. Good
pickers earn from four to six dollars a day, or-
dinary pickers about two dollars. The ferns
are brought in, tied in bundles of twenty-five
each, and forty cents a thousand paid for them.
Those not needed for immediate shipment are
packed in low rooms, each holding about 1,000,-
000 ferns. There are eight buildings devoted
to this purpose. The ferns are placed in beds
of 20,000 each, dry moss is placed between the
layers, and the whole bed covered with wet
moss. The utmost care and watchfulness are
required to keep the ferns from getting heated,
and thus bleached or covered with white spots.
In addition to the fern industry a large busi-
ness is done in other greens. In a recent sea-
son, 13,000 Christmas trees were handled, 20,-
000 yards of "roping" of ground pine, besides
tons of baled spruce boughs and sphagnum
moss.
Sir Joseph Lister gives the following ac-
count of the discovery through which ligatures
made from some dead animal tissue began to be
used for tying blood-vessels. Formerly threads
of various kinds were used and had to be left
long hanging out of the wounds ; and their final
removal was painful, and there was serious dan-
ger of bleeding. After he had discovered the
power of carbolic spray to destroy the microbes
that can get into a wound without, and also how
they can be kept out by antiseptic dressings, he
found that the exudations from the opposing
surfaces of wounds not only did not cause irri-
tation, but actually hastened the process of heal-
ing, as they aflbrded pabulum to the growing
elements of the neighboring tissues. This sug-
gested the idea of using some substance that
could be lied round the lacerated blood-vessel
and left :n position, the knot holding securely
while the ligature becomes gradually absorbed
and replaced by a ring of living tissue. These
ligatures are called "catgut;" as a matter of
fact they are made from the intestine of th
sheep, and are a great boon to both patient and
surgeon, and they are prepared with every ))re
caution, so as to be perfectly antiseptic. — Tlu
Independent.
THE FRIEND.
Natural History, Science, etc.
-Fern. Picking. — Previous to 1886, says a Mas-
■ chasetts paper, the gathering of lerns in their
itural state was almost unheard of. The few
rns put on the market were raised in hot-
ouses, though a few florists sent their men after
ild ferns. It occurred to a person of that
ate, about ten years ago, that it would be pro-
able to pick and market the ferns which grew
Hindantly in his neighborhood. The venture
as successful, and the business grew until, in
594-'95 he disposed of 7,000,000 ferns. Two
FIRST MONTH 2, ISi'T
Our Frieijd, David Heston, makes the fid-
lowing report of the publication of the Tract
Repository for 1896.
"To the Contributors of The Tract Reposi-
tory Fund : — As year after year has sped by,
the work of printing and circulating The Tract
Repository among the colored population of the
Southern States has gone on unremittingly, till
now more than twenty years have elapseil since
the first issue went forth. What good has been
accomplished by it no one can definitely meas-
ure. We feel justified in believing, however,
that this labor of love for the benefit of a poor,
and, by many, despised portion of the commu-
nity has not, by any means, been in vain, as
ample testimony has not been wanting to assure
us that The Tract Repository is not only eagerly
reid month by montti, as it appears, by a host
of readers, both old and young, but that sub-
stantial impressions for good liave been made
upon many of the.se, and continue to be made,
especially among the young, who.se minds are
often ojien to drink in, and be benefited by,
the lessnns of instruction which this unpretend-
ing publication has diligently .sought to convey.
" As the general depression in business at the
beginning of the year wa.s unusually great, it
was thought most prudent to materially lessen
the edition, which was accordingly done, greatly
to the regret of many who had to have their
supply cut off. This reduction, it was found
later on, was larger than was really necessary,
a.s in closing the account for the year, there was
f )und to be a considerable balance to the credit
of the Fund. This has been truly encouraging,
and warrants the feeling that the edition for
1897 may be again extended to that of some
previous years. Trusting that our friends and
contributors will accord with this cheering
view, and that their interest in the work, and
their desire to promr)te the circulation of Tlie
Tract Repository will remain unabated, we enter
upon a new year, looking to Him to |)rosper
and bliss the efforts put forth, and trusting that
The Tract Repository will continue to shed the
same salutary influence in the future that it
has done in the piist.
"The receipts and expenditures for the year
ending Twelfth :\ronth Lnh, 1896, have been
as f dlows :
Receipts, 8782.16.
EXPENDITURES.
7,900 copies monthly, at 7 cents per vear, . . S.>>3.00
.■\mount overdrawn 'Twelfth Mo. I'n'h, IS'Jo, . 2:5.42
Balance on hand Twelfth Mo. Loth, 1S'.16, . . 205.74
$782. 1«
"Fninkford, Philada, Twelfth Mo. 10th, 1890.^'
[We are pleased that the publisher of this
valuable little periodical feels encouratred to
increase the number of copies printed and .sent
out, and we hope that the contributions of in-
terested Friends will be so liberal as to justify
him in so doing. — Ed.]
The "Christian League," of Philadelphia, is
an association of philanthropic men whose ob-
ject is to improve the moral and phy.-.ical con-
dition of the city. It was organized in 189-5
and incorporated in 1896. Its line of operation
has been to co-operate with other societies, and
with the city authorities in their effl>rts to eu-
furce the laws against vice and immorality.
When houses are found by its agent to be used
for immoral and unlawful purposes, it notifies
the owner or agent and tenants and sends them
copies of the Act of thirty-first of Third Mo.,
1860, which shows that owners or agents who
knowingly let their houses for such purposes are
liable to fine and imprisonment ; if this d'^es not
produce the desired result, application is then
made to the city authorities. When the houses
are vacated, a circular letter is sent to the
owners or agents, urging them to be careful that
their houses be not again rented for disreputa-
ble purposes.
It also sends a circular to the poor inmates
of such houses, offering its help in their effort
to reform, and to earn an honest livelihood.
It promotes the efforts to purchase the miser-
able, decayed buildings found in some of the
older parts of the city, and to build neat and
attractive dwellings in their place, fitted for re-
sfiectable working people.
One of its objects is to protect the children
from depraving influences, and provide good
homes for them in the country.
It is reasonable to expect that the support
192
THE FRIEND.
and influence of a large organization like The
Christian League, woulJ have much influence
in encouraging the city ofiicers to execute the
laws — and such appears to have been the case.
Those who desire to assist in its work can
send checks, drawn to the order of John H.
Converse, Treasurer, 500 Xorth Broad Street,
(Baldwin Locomotive Works) Philadelphia.
SUMMARY OF EVENTS.
United States. — On the 23rd instant, President
Cleveland furuiallv recognized the new greater re-
public of Central America, composed of Salvador,
Nicaragua and Honduras. In his reply to the address
of Minister Rodriguez, the President expressed the
hope that the new republic would soon include (Josta
Rica and Guatemala.
Gen. Fitzhugh Lee, United States Consul General,
arrived at Havana on Twelfth Monih 26th.
There are in the United States 40,000 deaf mutes.
The Georgia Banker's Association have decide! to
enter into competition with the United States and the
express companies in the transmission of money.
Secretary Hillyer, of the Georgia Banker's Association,
explains that the association will issue circular checks
for nut exceeding fifty dollars. These checks are paya-
ble at any bank in the association, or by any bank
named on the back of the checks. In other words, he
said, they are good at home and abroad, and become a
valuable circulating medium, performing all the func-
tions of current notes.
It is said that a white button, with the letters R. R.
T. A., is now worn by more than 130,000 men on the
railroadsof the United States and Canada. The letters
stand for Railroad Temperance As^ociaiion, and the
button repre^ents a movement which was started less
than lour years ago.
The Missouri Supreme Court has pronounced un-
constitutional the provision of the city charter of
Kansas City, imposing a tine of|2 50 for failure to vote.
It is said that over ten per cent, of the potato crop
of Southwestern Michigan was left in the ground by
reason of the low price iu the fall.
According to il,e Boston Badyellhere are 119,000,000
old copper cents somewhere. Nobody knows what has
become of ihem, except once in awhile a single speci-
men turns up in change. A few years ago 4,500,000
bronze 2-cent pieces were set aficat. Three millions
of these are still outstanding. Tnree million 3-cent
nickel pieces are s.attere I over the United States, but
it is very rarely that one is seen.
Before the grtat freeze in Florida the annual orange
cr<i|) was from eight to ten million boxes. The esti-
in.ite for this se.isun is 70,000 boxes.
Twenty-one persons were killed, and several others
fatally injure I by the plunge of a passenger train
through the Cahaba River Bridge, near Birucingham,
Ala., on Twelfth Month 27th. It is thought that the
wreck was the work of train wreckers. The cars fell
a distance of 110 feet, and were broken to pieces oa
rocks. The wreck caught fire.
Deaths in this city last week numbered 395, which
is 11 more than the previous week, and .50 less than
the corresponding week of 189-). Of the foregoing, 20S
were males and 187 females: 57 died of pneumonia;
42 of consumplion ; 39 of heart disease ; 20 of cancer ;
19 of bronchitis; 19 of diphtheria ; 13 of apoplexy ; 12
of old age ; 10 of membranous croup ; 10 Irom casual-
lies ; 9 of inliammalion of the brain; 9 of typhoid
fever, and 9 of i irrhoiis of the liver.
MarhLi, &C.— V. S. -J's, 95 a 97 ; 4's, reg., 109S a 1 lOJ ;
coupon, 109i a 1101 ; new 4's, 119i a 120; 5's, lloi a
114; currency C's, 100 a 104.
('oTTuN was nominally quoted at 7Jc. per pound for
middling uplands, but nothing of consequence was
done.
Feed.— Spot bran ranged from $9.75 to $10.50 per
ton for winter in bulk and spring in saiks.
Fl.ouK.— Winter super, 1^2 .S-j a $3.15; do., extras,
|3.25a$3.45; Penrsylvania roller, clear, $1.25 a $4.45;
do., do., Mrai-lil. *4..'>0 a $4.(15 ; Western winter, clear,
$4.25 ;. -i '■" I ■, .lo., straight, $4..50 a $4.75; do.,
do., I'll. :, 1-1 : .110; spring, clear, $3.50 a $3.'.i") ;
do., Nir:ii Jii, ' - I rl.40; do., patent, $4.50 a $4.70;
do., lavoii.- Ill ml, higher. City mills, extra, $/..:;o
a $3 00; do., clear, $4.25 a $4..50 : do., straight, $4.tiO
a $4.S0; do., patent, $4.S5 a $5.00. Ryk Flour.—
$2.75 per bbl. for choice Pennsylvania. Buckwheat
Flour.— $1.25 a $1.40 per lOO' pounds, as to quality.
Grain.- No. 2 red wheat, 92 a 921c.
No. 2 mixed corn, 27 a 27Jc.
No. 2 white oats, 23^ a 24c.
Beef Cattle.— Extra, 3 a 5^0.; good, 4| a ifc.;
medium, 4§ a 4fc.; common, 4J a 4}c.
Sheep AND Lambs.— Extra, 4} a 4Jc.; good, 3Ja4c.;
medium, 3} a Sic; common, 2i a oc; culls, 2} a 2ic.;
lam lis, 4.i a 6c
Hogs. — Western, 5 a 5|c.
Foreign.— The English island of Thanet (forming
a part of the county of Kent) is almost wholly com-
posed of chalk. The island is ten miles in length and
about five in breadth, and has more chalk exposed on
its surface than anv other spot of equal area on the
globe. British geo'logists say that there are not less
than 42,000,000,000 tons of chalk " in sight" on Thanet
and that it would take 10,000 men and 5,000 horses
and carts 20,000 years to move it, providing it were
dug up, ready to be carted away.
The Si. Jami-s Gazelle says the Queen will personally
dictiite and revise her biography, which will appear
in 1897. The work will tell the story of the longest
reign in the history of England as the Queen herself
regards it.
A landslide has occurred near Rathmore, County
Kerry, Ireland, doing great damage to properly and
causing the loss of at least nine lives. Heavy rains
have fallen in that part of Ireland lately, with the re-
sult that some places that are generally dry now re-
semble vast morasses. Near Rathmore there is an
eminence about a thousand feet high, known as Boy
Hill, and it was here that the land-lide occurred. The
rains, percolating through the ground, gradually
loosened a huge mass of heath, and on the night of
Twelfth Month 27th, apparently without the slightest
warning, a large part of the surface of the hill began
to slide towards the valley. Gaining momentum as
it moved, it swept downward with a roaring sound,
carrying rocks, trees and everything before it for
miles. In some places the path of the landslide was
a mile wide, and as it moved along it buried every-
thing, entirely chaniiing the aspect of the section over
which it passed. The residence of the steward of
Lord Kenraare, one of whose seats, Killarney House,
is at Killarney, was engulfed in the mass of earth and
deiris, and all of its occupants, the steward, his wile
and seven children were killed. It is supposed that
the house was swept from its foundations by the crush-
ing mass, overturned and buried to a great depth.
As its present locality is not known it is hanlly pro-
bable that the bodies will be recovered.
The French Government has issued a decree abol-
ishing slavery in Madagascar.
The Ambassadors accredited to the Porte have re-
ceived instructions from their respective Governments
to a2t in concert in submitting fresh proposals for re-
forms in the Ottoman Empire and all of the diplomats,
including M. Nelidoff, the Russian Ambassador, have
agreed to resort to coercive measures if the Sultan
should be dilatory in enforcing the reforms.
Ex-Judge Goodridge has written a letter to the
Enylishman, a newspaper of Calcutta, stating that
every day thousands of persons are dying of starva-
tion in the central provinces of India. He declares
that the Government arrangements are entirely
adequate, and the famine is now beyond control.
Tlie Northern Pacific steamer Braemar, at Tacoma
from Japan, brings news of the submissiim of over
1000 native brigands in Formosa, as a result of a pro-
clamation i.ssued by the Japanese Government, call-
ing for their surrender and offering a pardon to all
who gave themselves up.
A despalh from San Francisco states that Alexander
Selkirk's Island, Juan Fermindez, has been swallowed
up by the sea. The rumor of the disappearance was
first circulated several weeks ago by a sea captain at
Lisbon, but the report was not believed at the time.
The story was again given what is considered verifi-
cation by Captain Powell, of the James Kerr, now in
San Francisco. The Kerr has jusf arrived from New
Castle, New South Wale.s and Captain Powell says
I that the story of the Spanish skipper seems to be true
I in every particular.
The .Spanish advance into the Province of Pinar del
Rio will be followed, according to the plan of cam-
paign concerted by Caplain General Weyler and the
Spanish (invernment, by a combined movement of ten
loluuHis (f Government troops, comprising 30,000
men, with a view to compelling the rebels either to
surrender or to cross the trocha into Havana province,
when similar tactics will be pursued in Havana and
Matanzas provinces.
NOTICES.
A vousG woman Friend desires a situation as house-
keeper, or as companion for an elderly person. Ad-
dress " E," West Chester, Pa.
Friend's Institute Lyceum.— The next regula
meeting will be held at 140 N. .Sixteenth St., Sixth-day
First Month 8th, 1897, at 8 o'clock, p. M. Prompt
tendance is requested.
Friends' Library will be open Lyceum night
from 7.15 to 7.45.
Westtown Boarding School. — The General Com.
mittee meet in Philadelphia, First Month 8th, 1897
at 11 A. M. The Committee on Instruction meet thi
same day, at 9 A. si. Wm. Evans, Clerk.
Westtown Boarding School. — Applications fo
the admission of pupils to the schocd, and letters ii
regard to instruction and dipcipline should be ad
dressed to William F. Wickersham, Principal.
Payments on account of board and tuition, an
communications in regard to business should be for
warded to Edw.\rd G. Smedley, Superintendent.
Address, Westtown P. O., Chester Co., Pa.
Westtown Boarding School. — For conveniene
of persons coming to Westtown School, the stage wil
meet trains leaving Philadelphia 7.17 and 8.46 A. M
and 2.53 and 4.32 P. M. Other trains are met whei
requested. Stage fare on regular trips, fifteen cent!
on special trips, twenty-five cents each way. To read
the school by telegraph, wire West Chester Phone 8
Edw.^rd G. Smedley, Sup't.
Died, Tenth Month 4th, 1896, Esther Rorerts,!
the eighty first year of her age; a beloved ministe
and member of Chester Monthly Meeting of Friends
N. J. From childhood our dear Friend had a pecn
liarly sensitive nervous organization, and being giftei
with much refinement of intellect, she appreciatei
with keen enjoyment the beauties of nature and Ih'
treasures of literature. When quite young she be
came deeply interested in the literature of her owi;
Society; this interest increased with years, and, wit!
portions of the Holy Sc.iptiires, claimed a prominen
place in her daily readings for the greater part of he
life. Of a singularly open and ingenuous nature, shi
was able to view subjects from an unbiassed stand
point, and being " Ready always lo give an answer t
everv one that asked her a reason of the hope thai
was in her," intercourse with her was felt to be helf
ful and stimulating, particularly to her young friendi
in whom she felt a deep and lively interest. Cod
vince 1 of the truths of the principles of our religiou-
Society, and of the importance of the testimooie
springing from them, she earnestly desired that het
younger friends and relatives might be brought to th(
same experience, and through submission to the cro8(
of their dear Reileemer, be prepared lor usefulness ii
the Church. In dedicating her talents to her Master"*
service, she was often brought into great humiliatiol
of spirit, and wholly distrusted herself. Her ministri
gave evidence of a consecrated purity, and her faitk
ful watching for a right moving, bore its own witnef'
in the hearts of those who heard her, and being thd
divested of self, it reached her hearers, many timw
as the waters of Shiloh, for refreshment. In seasorn
of anxiety and sorrow, many can testify of the hel;
received from the pure (/iospel messages which flowei
from her lips. During the closing months of her lifl'
she sufl^ered great physical we.-ikness; this, with!
large share of spiritual proving allotted her, was oft^
heavy to be borne, but there were times during th'
season when the clou 1 was lifted, and she could fc(
an assurance that was comforting. At one time, aft*
giving some directions in regard to temporal matter
she dictated the following, " Now, I resign myself im
the hands of my Heavenly F'ather, trusting that H
will enable me to bear all that is needful for my pur
ficalion, and finally, through his mercy in Christ Ji
siis, receive me into one of the many mansions •
bliss," and concluded with W'hittier's beautiful line
" Some humble door among Thy many mansions,
Some sheltering shade where sin and striving cea^
And flows forever through Pleaven's green expansion
The river of thy peace.
There, from the music round about me stealing,
I fain would learn the new and holy song,
.\nd find at last beneath thv trees of healing,
The life for which I long."
THE FRIEND.
A Religious and Literaiy Journal.
VOL. LXX.
SEVENTH-DAY, FIRST MONTH
No. 25
PUBLISHED WEEKLY.
Price, if paid in advance, |2.00 per annum.
Edwin P. Sellew, Pcblisher,
No. 207 Walnut Place,
ifrom Walnut Street, between Third and Fourth,:
PHILADELPHIA.
A riicles designed for insertion to be addressed to
JOSEPH WALTON,
MooRESTowN, Burlington Co., N. J.
Entered as second-class matter at Philadelphia P. O.
Diary and Letters of Deborah Brooks Webb.
(Continued from pase ISil.)
1807.— Second Month lOth.— Eli Jones was
it inir raeetiog on Third-day, and very iu-
ariiclive in testimony. Among other good mai-
ler, lie said, " There was such a thing as silence
jvithout life, as well as a ministry without life."
i felt it, for it seemed to me as though my silence
vas sometimes without any life at all, just dead,
ro-da}-, I tried very much to be lively in spirit,
jut was so evercorae with drowsirtsss this after-
joou, that it was impossible to be still a minute,
•vithout nodding. Perhaps it was walking in
he wind and then being warm. I never suffered
,0 before, and must now feel very much for
ihose who are tempted.
; Dear J. S. said, " If we would reign with
yhrist, we must suffer with Him." The seed
'vas very low, and we must be willing to go to
i.he bottom of Jordan to bring up stones of me-
Borial to our God. Oh, my Lord, thou hast
oeen very good to me, indeed, this week —
Sraises, high praises to thee.
Third Month 11th. — I am trying to be more
ind more resigned in everything. To-day it
ieemed as if a pure flame of love arose from
ny heart to my God and Saviour. I never felt
'he same before. I want so much to know how
fO give pure worship, as the angels do. Teach
ne thy way, oh, Lord.
I 31st. — The Lord is very good to me, indeed.
Two weeks ago I had such conflict, and He
)rought me through all, and I could praise
Eim for his marvellous mercies. Today He
lelped me again. Oh, that I may never go
-vitbout his pure life. Heard that dear L. H.
Brown was sick. If thou shouldst remove her,
3h, Lord, gather her to thy eternal rest.
Fourth Mo. 14th.— I thank thee, O, Father,
"or sending messengers. We had some living
.vords to-day. This afternoon, D. B. spoke from
he text, " I was with you in weakness and fear
ind much trembling." Oh, is it not so with me?
i am so weak. Lord, dear Lord ; send down
nore of thy Holy Ghost upon me, and in my
■vords, if thou callest me to speak for thee
N^othing but thy own blessed power can save
■he people and draw them unto thee. I am
icthing, and must be an empty tube. Dearest
Lord, give me, I humbly pray thee, more of the
love of God and his i)lessed will in my soul,
that I may rejoice more and not feel my pecu-
liar trials so nmch of a cross and heaviness of
soul. When I try to fix my whole love on Him
and his will, it seems to raise me over all in
holy trust and repose. Thou it is, oh, Lord,
that showest wcmders in the deejis. Praised and
magnified be thy holy name.
20th.— Yesterday was my birthday. I want
so fully to dedicate myself to the Lord. O, be
pleased in thy infinite mercy to blot out all my
transgressions and wanderings from thee in
thought and deed, and let me commence anew
with pure and fervent desire to walk in holi-
ness through attention to thy blessed iuspeaking
voice. I do indeed " rend my heart," and come
unto thee as the prophet Hosea counselled me,
in brother's reading yesterday morning, si.xth
chapter, first verse. Thou hast laid a cross
upon nie, indeed, but thou art merciful and just,
holv and true, ble.-sed forever.
Fifth Month 12th.— Dear S. F. B. very ex
cellent on " Buy the Truth and sell it not." He
thought there were some in the present day,
who, if required to choose the Lord or worldly
things, would choose Him above all. I had been
thinking of the same thing, that I would choose
the Lord if I could not have something else,
though I desired the Lord, too. Oh, strengthen
me, dear Lord and Master. Thou knowest the
struggles of my soul to keep it fixed on thee.
I heard that dear William Evans died yes-
terday afternoon. Oh, Father, raise up more
like him in thy mercy to the children of men.
21st. — O, my soul ! bow very low before Him,
who searchetli the heart, and" has sent messen-
gers lately to our meeting, that have spoken of
the things nearest my soul, viz : that of walking
in the right time and only way in the ministry,
if thou, Oh, Father, doth indeed call me, a
poor, nnworthy one, into it. Oh, that I may be
more humble ;"be only a little branch from thee,
oh, my Lord, the true vine, bearing what fruit
thou sendestsap for, pruned and trained by the
Father, cut and mowed yet more, I humbly pray
thee, until I am acceptable unto thee ; remove
everything comparable to the canker worm, pal-
mer worm and caterpillar, that would eat out
thy precious life from my soul. Oh, Father,
my Heavenly Father, I feel s<j vile in thy holy
sight, because there is pride and hardness of
heart in me, thou knowest me afar off. Oh, I
be.^eech of thee, humble me and give me contri-
ton of heart and soul. Oh, Lord, thou only canst
do it, save me, for thy mercies' sake.
Eighth Month 11th.— Returned on Fiflh-day
from Providence, Ehode Island, where I have
been staying with my brother, his daughter
having been sick five months. We are thank-
ful unto thee, oh. Heavenly Father, for her re-
covery. Attended Providence Meeting, and my
Lord was good to me, but I was not obedient
at the last, "^hen shall I be entirely obedient
unto thee, and say, without shrinking so much,
"Here am I, first prepare and then send me."
27th. — The poor leper cried out formerly,
" Lord, if thou wilt, thou canst make nie clean."
Having this morning fell thy cleansing power,
I am ready to cry out, " Lord, if thou will, thou
canst keep me clean " and very hutiible.
Tenth Month Kith.— Heard to-day of the
death of my dear aunt Avis Keen, aged eighty-
six years. She was sen.sible to the last, and
.•^poke very sweetly to those who surrounded
her. She died last First-day morning, the
tiiirteenth instant, the funeral to take place on
Seventh-day at two o'clock, at Lynn, Mass. —
" Like as a shock of corn, fully rifie, gathered
in its season," is that dear aunt, I believe! \
minister many viars ; preserved by our blessed
Lord through many trials. O, saiili my soul,
may the mantle somewhere fall, and may my
poor soul follow thee faithfully and in the end
be gathered intf) thy re?(.
l.ses.- First Month .5th.— The first Firstday
in the new year. " He restoreth my soul ; He
leadeth me in the paths of righteousness for his
own namesake," came to me so sweetly this af-
ternoon after a season of deep humiliation for
sinfulness lurking in ray soul. O, Lord, I want
to be more pure. Thou only canst make and
keep me so. I want to love and serve thee
with such fervency. Oh, be pleaseil to have
mercy upon me continually, that my love may
be fixed on thee, who art the ever worthy One.
Eternally blessed and praised be thy holy name,
for thou forgivest the humble suppliant. The
conclusion of the Select Quarterly Meeting,
Eleventh I^Ionth 2nd, '07, and the reading of
the minutes on Eleventh Month 26ih, in our
Monthly Meeting, have caused deep baptisms
of soul. Thy poor child is nothing, oh, Lord,
to walk in all that high and holy path, and
would faint by the way if thou didst not sup-
port. Oh, fir preservation I Oh, for preserva-
tion ! Let no words come unto thy poor ser-
vant but what are from thy pure Spirit. Pour
out, dear Father, more of thy Holy Ghost and
power upon me. I humbly supplicate thee there-
for, and for wisdom, heavenly wisdom and un-
derstanding.
Second Month 2nd.— Yesterday attended for
the first time the Select Quarterly Meeting. A
solemn season, and I feel a little strengthened
to hold on my way, endeavoring lo walk in
humble trust ijefore the Lord, believing such
will not be confounded. O, Lord, help me to
cast all my care upon thee, for thou carest for
me. Help me to set my whole thoughts and af-
fections on thee ; take away all that is contrary
to thy holy will in me. Wilt thou not instruct
and teach me in the way I should go, and
guide me with thine eye.
Yesterday dear Thomas Evans was at meet-
ing, looking very poorly, as though only a few
more days here were to be his j)ortion. He
spoke of the great religious activity among
some, and that others who did not always join
with them might be censured as idlers; but en-
couraged and warned us to join with nothing,
except as the Lord led immediately into it,
quntiug the passage, " Without me ye can do
nothing." He said, such as these would in the
end be found to be standing in their allotments
191
THE FRIEND.
and their reward would be sure. I was so
thankful for the words.
Third Month 1st.— My God ! O, my God ! in
the name and power of thy dear Son, I humbly
ask, thou wilt not cease until thy pure work is
thoroughly wrought out in my soul. Let the
fire of the Holy Ghost consume and destroy
all my dross and tin, that I may indeed be a
tree of righteousness, through planting of the
Lord, that thy name only may be glorified !
Fourth Mo. 5th. — To-morrow our dear aged
friend Hannah Gibbons will be carried to her
long renting place. O, that the Lord would
let her mantle fall on some one else. O, that
He would raise up more standard bearers to his
holy cause and Truth — in the ninety-eighth
year of her pilgrimage — so humbly spent to his
glory. O, my soul I be encouraged to more
faithfulness in serving anil trusting Him, who
has so preserved his aged disciple.
Fifth Month 17th. — ]\Iy soul adores thee this
night, oh, my God, for a little renewed evidence,
granted this day, that thou upholds me.
Shortly after being seated in meeting this
morning, "Be still and know that I am God,"
quieted my mind and drew me very near unto
Him in spirit, where I hoped to rest quietly all
the meeting, but supplication for others soon
filled ray soul with the assurance, " It is I, be
not afraid," twice repeated to my halting mind.
Oh, Lord, ihou thyself helped me through,
blessed be thy hol^' name. My prayer is again
and again unto thee, that thy words only may
proceed from my mouth. I plead with thee,
that it may be with me as with Mary of old,
that the " Holy Ghost may come upon me, and
that the power of the Most High may over-
shadow me," at such seasons that the holy
words born in my soul may be only of thee, O,
Lord, for assured I am thy own works can
alone praise thee. Here am I, as clay under thy
Almighty hand, do with me what thou wilt.
Seventh Month 2nd. — Much, very much, has
my soul to be grateful for the past month.
Again and again He has helped me through
when I was all weakne.«s in myself. The first
week of vacation was spent at Anna Cook's,
she kindly inviting me to a visit to the sea-
shore. Oh, that my whole conduct might be
such as to bring glory to my Eedeeraer . .
Yesterday, Isaac Morgan, Jr., was recommended
in our Select Meeting, also Phebe Ann Men-
denhall. Lord, thou knowest how to preserve
us all in thy pure fear, knowledge and counsel.
I humbly entreat thee to do it for us.
Ninth Month loth.— Surely the Lord is faith-
ful, and great and marvellous are his works
unto them that seek to serve Him with the
obedience of a child. He did indeed help me
through marvellously at the Quarterly Meetings
held at Gerniantown and Woodbury, and ray
soul was covered over with thankfulness on
returning from the latter one, especially. Al-
most all of last month was spent at cousin
Mary's (Stokes), keeping house for her, while
she went Ea.st. Help was vouchsafed to perform
many new duties, but greater faithfulness would
have yielded more peace. Thou art good to me,
oh, Lord, and I praise thy Name.
(To be continued.)
Du. Dales says: "We shall never make
men Christians by suppressing and throwing
into the .shade those parts of the Christian re-
velation which especially provoke their hostili-
ty. The truth which men regard as incredible
is precisely the truth which men most need to
hear, and which is likely to produce the deepest
moral impression." — Late Paper.
For "The Friend."
The London Plague in 1665.
Those who are familiar with the early litera-
ture of the Society of Friends can remember
that it contained frequent references to that re-
markable event — the Plague of 1665. It was
a time in which Friends were suffering much
persecution ; and in the vain endeavors of the
Government to suppress them, a law had been
enacted for their banishment to the West In-
dies. The efforts to put this in execution were
largely frustrated by a series of providential
occurrences. Of the first two who were actually
transported, one was Edward Brush, of Lon-
don. Soon after this occurrence, the pestilence
broke out in a house next door to that in which
Edward had lived. Edward prospered in Ja-
maica, and ultimately returned to England.
It was difficult to find vessels which would
carry away these innocent victims of a cruel
persecution ; but at length a man was found
who agreed to carry between fifty and sixty
Quakers to the West Indies. The pestilence
increased until more than eight thousand per-
sons died of it in a week. In the meantime the
ship with the imprisoned Quakers remained in
the river, the master being imprisoned for
debt.
George Bishop had previously written an
epistle to encourage Friends, telling them that
if they should be banished God would not for-
sake then), and that the Lord would visit their
eneraies with the sword and pestilence.
George Fox, the younger, a few years before
(in 1661) wrote a warning in which he pre-
dicted that the Lord would bring a terrible
judgment upon the land.
Isaac Penington also wrote to the King and
Parliament to dissuade them from going on in
persecution, telling them that "Ye will find it
the bitterest work that ever ye went about, and
in the end will wish that the Lord had never
given you this day of prosperity, than that He
should suffer you thus to make use of it."
He adds, " The Lord hath hitherto preserved
the Quakers against great oppositions, and is
still able to preserve them. Every power hitherto
hath made nothing of overrunning them, yet
they have hitherto stood, by the care and ten-
der mercy of the Lord ; and the several powers
which have persecuted them, have fallen one
after another."
With a soul-sustaining faith, he says : " I have
no doubt in my heart that the Lord will de-
liver us." " It is the delight of the Lord and
his glory to deliver his people, when to the eye
of sense it seeraeth impossible."
Of the plague itself, the following narrative
may interest our readers: —
" Ever and anon carae tidings to the north of
the fearful progress of the plague. That God
was pouring forth the vials of his wrath, because
of the wickedness of the great Babel was the
general feeling among the religious people of the
day. Fear and trembling fell on the thought-
less votary of pleasure when the pestilence that
walketh by noonday, and respecteth neither
rank nor beauty, had penetrated from the prison
to the palace. The King and Court fled to Ox-
ford, and the city generally became deserted by
those who had the means of escape.
" A witness of the sad scene says : 'What eye
would not weep to see .so many habitations un-
inhabited, the poor and sick uuvjsited, the hun-
gry not fed, the grave not sati.-fied ! Death
stares us in the face from every coffin which is
hourly carried along the street. The custom
was in the beginning to bury the dead in the
night only; but now both night and day wil
hardly give time enough to do it.'
" ' How sunk the Inmost hearts of all
As rolled the dead cart slowly by.
With creaking wheel and harsh hoof fall !
The dying turned him to the wall.
To iiear it and to die.'
" Amid these scenes of dismay and death, in-
stead of opening the doors of the pestilentia
prisons, to allow unaffected persons therein con
fined, who were not criminals, to seek a pure:
atmosphere, those whose intolerance had pen
them up merely ordered fifty-five Friends to bi
taken out of Newgate and placed on board
ship in the Thames called the Black Eagle,'n\
order for banishment.
"They were very much crowded on board)
and the plague soon breaking out there also*
out of these fifty-five victims twenty-seven died|
' I visited the Friends in the ship,' says Georg(|
Whitehead, 'and had a meeting with them or
board, and the Lord my God preserved
both from the distemper and from banishment)]
wherein I do humbly confess his power to hii)
own praise and glory.'
"The Black Eagle, after considerable deteiii
tion, sailed away at last from the Thames, bui
she was taken in the Channel by a Dutch priva
teer, and passing round by the north of Ireianoi
and Scotland to avoid recapture, the two vessel*
at length reached Holland. Only one-half o
the Friends were alive, the other half having
died as above stated, but the residue were liber
ated by the Dutch, and afterwards all but oni
of them returned to England.
" George Whitehead was one of the few wh(
remained in London throughout the terribh';
plague without taking it. Thus he
' That which added to our Friends' afHictioti
was the hardness of our persecutors' hearts)
their cruelty and barbarity in iraprisoning ana
detaining so many of them in Newgate, and iii
the White Lion prison in South wark, after th<i
plague had broken forth, and many peopkj
swept away. I had not freedom nor peace t(|
leave the city or the Friends in and about Loni
don during that great calamity, even when thii
mortality was at its height. I was given up t(
stay among them, to attend Friends' meetings.^
to visit the Friends in prison and at their own
homes. In all that time the Lord preserved i
from the infectious distemper, which mercy It
hope ever thankfully to remember.
" ' On First-days t took my night-cap in my
pocket when I went to meetings, not knowinf^
but I might be apprehended and committed bi
prison. However, the Lord gave me faith td
be resigned to his will either to live or to di((
for his Truth's sake.'
"George Whitehead was witness tomany^i
death-beel scene in the terrible Newgate, and iii
other prisons where, notwithstanding the dre
ful surroundings, peace and ceunfort from thd
Lord often reigned triumphant, ' though sorrow
and sadnesss,' he says, ' seized on his own spirili
in view of these harrale.ss lambs stretched
such beds in noisome holes and prisons, but,'!
he adds, 'on the other band, my spirit wail
often refreshed and revived, seeing that Christ|
their salvation and redemption, was manifesteci
to and in them, and that the Lord had thui;
appointed the final deliverance of many throughi
death, from the cruelty of their oppressors.'
" Ellis Hooks, writing from London to hii!
friend in Lancaster prison, on the seventh daj
of Ninth Month, when the disease began tc
subside, says, 'I have been preserved well, bul
as a brand is plucked out of the fire, so has th(
■ir-1 Mo. 9,1897
THE FRIEND.
jorJ delivered me. I have often laid down my
leail ill sorrow, and rose as I went to bM, not
lavinj^ slept a wink for the groans of those that
ay dying. Each morning 1 counted it a mercy
liat the Lord had given nie another day.'
But,' he adds, 'our meetings now are quiet,
ind Friends are generally well, both in prison
'u the ship and at Newgate; and there is not
ibove one a day buried in the Friends' buriul-
A Temperance Sermon.
FROM THE LII
LLIAJI T.\YLOR.
On the twenty-sixth of May, 1853, I attended
he funeral of W , of Pennsylvania, who
lad the previous night committed suicide by
he u.se of laudanum. He lay in a small, for-
orn building, attended by ten of his bar-room
companions.
■ I proposed to them the following question :
1 How did this man come to his death ?"
"Hard drink," said one, "I've known him
liere for three years. Hard drink was the thing,
!ir."
: " No," said another, " Bill was one of the best
ioys in the city. He had his failing, and would
lirink,as we all do, but he was a first-rate fellow."
: Another said, "It was a punishment He
iould not help it." (He meant it was decreed.)
' " Well," said yet another, " I think it was his
iiisfortune. He was driving a dray in the city
ud had bad luck, and got discouraged and put
u end to himself."
I then said: "It is a solemn thing to die. To
lie in our sins is dreadful, but for a man to
iush, by the violence of his own hands, unbidden
!ato the presence of a sin-avenging God, is too
errible to be described. What could lead this
■nan to such a dreadful end ? I then quoted
heir testimony on the subject, and continued :
I If he had been ' diligent in business, fervent
u spirit, serving the Lord,' would he probably
lave had such hard luck? If so, would this
lave led him to destroy himself? Now, the facts
h the case are these: The hard luck, the dis-
ouragement and depression of spirits were all
he results of his drunkenness. And hard drink,
\s this man has truly said, was the sole cause
«f his death. Now, how did he become so hard
>. drinker? By tippling. When he used to
Irink, as you all do, he did not dream of such
in end. Thus the fatal habit grew on him. Do
'ou not know that the chains of habit are
'tronger than chains of steel ? You are every
Hay forging chains which bind you down more
md more tightly to an infamous destin3\ Your
inly hope of a better end than the case of this
:)oor man is to taste not, touch not, handle not
he unclean thing. Begin now to pray, and
:;ry to God in the name of Jesus for mercy to
brgive the past, and for grace to cure this
'•uinous habit and to preserve you in the future."
Important Incident. — In a letter received
•ately from one of our correspondents we find
he following: "A little incident happened here.
A.n English mastiff had a cataract growing over
)ne eye and was taken to an oculist who re-
moved it. Some months later it was noticed
.hat it was growing again and ought to be at-
..ended to. Some days after, the dog came home
with his head bandaged, and to the astonish-
nent of the family, who inquired of the doctor
who treated him before, it was found that the
log came to his office and that the doctor find-
ing another operation necessary, performed it
without the least re.«istaoce from the dog." —
Our Dumb Animals.
Minutes of Iowa Yearly Meetin
We have received a copy of the printed Min-
utes of Iowa Yearly Meetiug of Friends (C>n-
servative), held at Earlham, Madison, County,
Iowa, from the fourteenth to the tweniieth of
the Tenth Month, 1890; from this the following
are extracted : —
Seventh minute.
"Epistles have been read at this time fr(jiii
the several Yearly Meetings with wliich we cor-
respond to our comfort, and we trust, to our
profit. We desire that these fraternal greetings
may ever continue to be prized by us, because
of their emanation from that Divine Life which
is the light of men."
Summary answers to the Queries.
"First Answer. — All our meetings for wor-
ship and discipline have been attended, except
on account of a funeral, and one omitted
ccountof a mistake in the date. Some ex-
ception in regard to the avoidance of unbecom-
iuct. The hour of meeting nearly ob-
served by most Friends.
"Second Answer. — Friends generally main-
tain love towards each other as becomes our
Cliristian profession ; one report mentions a lack
in that respect on the part of some of its mem-
bers.
Tale bearing and detraction are discouraged,
but not altogether avoided. Some exception
noted in one report in regard to care being
taken to end differences when they appear.
" Third Ans^oer. — Most Friends endeavor by
example and precept to educate their children
and those under their care in plainness of speech,
deportment and apparel ; but more care in these
respects is desirable, and they endeavor to guard
them against ])ernicious reading and from cor-
rupt conversation, and they are encouraged to
read the Holy Scriptures and other religious
books.
" Fuurlh Amioer. Some care is taken to deal
with offenders impartially, but perhaps in some
cases not as seasonably as might be best.
" Fifth Answer. — Friends appear to maintain
a faithful testimony against a hireling minis-
try, shivery, oaths, military services, clandestine
trade, prize goods and lotteries, except that all
are not clear of attending where a hireling min-
istry is supported.
" Sixth Answer. — We believe Friends endeav-
or to live within the bounds of their circum-
stances, but there appears to be a lack in a few
of being sufficiently careful to avoid involving
themselves in business beyond their ability to
manage, and in being punctual in complying
with their contracts and engagements, and in
paying their debts seasonably, in which deficien-
cies some care is reported.
" Seventh An.nver. — As far as appears. Friends
are clear of importing, vending, distilling, and
the unnecessary use of all intoxicating liquors.
A little exception in regard to attending places
of diversion. Moderation and temperance ap-
pear to be observed.
" Eighth Answer. — The necessities of those re-
quiring aid have been inspected and relieved.
" Ninth Answer. — Schools are encouraged for
the education of our youth, under the tuition of
teacl'.ers in membership with us.
" Tenth Answer. — No new meetings settled.
Salem meeting for worship has been discon-
tinued.
"Eleventh Answer. — No ministers recorded.
Lydia H. Moorman and Ellen L. Rockwell re-
corded Elders. William H. Oliphant, an Elder,
deceased Fifth Month 8th, ISOC, aged eighty
years and lour days. Hul<i:ih (J. Hoag, a min-
ister, deceased Seventh M'inth loth, W.)ii, aged
seventy-seven years and nine inonlhs. Tliere
are nine ministers and thirty-seven Elders wilhiu
our limits.
" Twelfth Answer. — There are one hundred and
five families and one hundred an<l twelve parts
of families, and each family is furnished with a
copy of the Holy Scrijitures, as far as we know.
"Thirteenth Answer. — The Queries addressed
to the several meetings are read and answered
as directed."
Eighteenth minute.
"The apparent condition of some of our .sui)-
ordinate meetings, as brought to our attention
by implication, from a minute sent to this meet-
ing from one of our Quarters and through some
deficiencies in the Answers to the Querie.s, has
at this time claimed our serious, earnest and
prayerful consideration, during which a dtep
travail of soul was manifest for the restoration
and strengthening of the Divine Life and Love
amongst us, and that everything may be eradi-
cated from our midst that has a tendency to
mar the love and unity that should prevail
among us, and earnest was the breathing of
many hearts, we believe, to the God and Father
of all our sure mercies that He would, in his
great loving kindness and fender mercy, say to
these threatening waves that seem ready to over-
whelm, ' Peace be still.' "
Report of Book and Tract Committee.
"There are six libraries within our limits
which contain about five hundred and fifty-
eight volumes, from which forty-seven loans are
reported. One meeting states there has been
some books loaned, but the number is not de-
finitely known. There has been two volumes
added the past year.
"Number pages of tracts on hand at last re-
port in the several Monthly Meetings, ninety-
four thousand three hundred and fourteen, of
which forty-seven thousand two hundred and
seventy-eight are in Norwegian. Number of
pages received from the Tract Association of
Friends the past year, twenty-two thousand and
eighteen. One report mentions a number of
juvenile books being distributed. In addition
to this a member of the Yearly Meeting remote-
ly situated, report as having distributed four-
teen thousand and five hundred pages tracts,
which were also procured from the same source."
Two hundred dollars were directed to be
raised for the use of the meeting.
Minute of the Exercises.
" In the review of the providence of our
Heavenly Father in again bringing us together
in the capacity of a Yearly Meeting and in re-
lation to our part in the life of the Universal
Church, the congregation was evidently made
sensible of a measure of thankfulness to our
great Head, and with the feeling of wonder and
awe the privilege and corresponding responsi-
bilities resting upon us. Doubtless the craving
of many hearts was in line with the exercise
and that in the Divine fear we might be enabled
to attend to the duties laid to our hand.
" We were renewedly impressed with the sol-
emn charge entrusted to us in the testimonies
of our H<dy religion, in some degree, professed
by others bearing the name Christian, but more
emphatically ours in the banner given us to
displav because of the Truth.
" The universality of Divine grace, the com-
196
THE FRIEND.
raunion of Saints, the presence and headsliip of
Christ in his Church, the freedom of the Gospel
ministry in its qualihcation and call and exer-
cise, independent of human organization and
control, or professioual authority or worldly in-
terest, were forcibly brought before us, with the
need for abstaining from the ritual and for-
mality, so much practised around us, and so en-
snaring and delusive in their nature.
"But above all, the concern of the Meeting
was in regard to tlie primary and indispensable
experience in the verities of all religious life—
the new birth — becoming new creatures in Christ
Jesus — in which alone similarity to God and
communion with -Him can be known, not only
as a preparation for the glory of the future, but
for equipment and qualification for performance
of all the duties of the life that now is, as the
evidence and guarantee for participating in the
ultimate rest that remains to the people of God."
"A letter from our dear aged friend, Phebe
R. Gilford has been read on this occasion to our
satisfaction. The Clerk is directed to acknow-
ledge its reception and our appreciation of it."
To Iowa Yearly Meeimrj of Friends :
"Dear Friends — In that love that neither
time nor distance can eflface I feel drawn to ad-
dress you with a few lines expressive of aflec-
tionate sympathy, desiring that the grace of
our Lord Jesus Christ, the great Shepherd of
the sheep, may abound among you. How soul-
enlivening is the thought of his love when felt
to circulate in the heart with power to cleanse
and purify the affections and set them on Christ
alone as the Shepherd and Bishop of our souls.
He said, " I am the good Shepherd and know
my sheep and am known of mine." It is the
little ones who are addressed with the encour-
aging language, " Fear not, little flock, it is
your Father's good pleasure to give you the
kingdom." By Faith the kingdom is received
into the heart. By patience in tribulation the
peace of God, which passeth understanding is
known to abound to the glory of God.
"Dear friends, keep in mind that it is writ
ten that the "just walk by faith" and by it the
worthies of past generations wrought righteous-
ness ; out of weakness were made strong, and
much more, as by the inspired record we are
informed. It is by patience and comfort of the
Holy Scriptures that the disciples of our blessed
Lord gain hope. In that love which changes
not, your sympathizing friend,
P. R. GiFFORD."
Selected for "The Friend."
How to Read.
To read much is one thing ; to read wisely is
another, and a far better thing. The following
advice on the subject may be of great service
to those who follow it:
" After reading a book or an article or any
item of information from any reliable source,
before turning your attention to other things,
give two or three minutes of quiet thought to
the subject that has just been presented to your
mind ; see how much yon can remember con-
cerning it; and if there were any new ideas, in-
structive facts or points of especial interest that
impressed you as you read, force yourself to re-
call it. It may be a little troublesome at first,
until your mind gets under control and learns
to obey your will, but the very effort to think
it all out will engrave the facts deeply upon the
memory — so deeply that they will not be effaced
by the rushing in of a new and different set of
ideas, whereas, if the matter be given no further
consideration at all, the impressions you have
received will fade away so entirely that within
a few weeks you will be totally unable to re-
member more" than a dim outline of them.
"Form the good habit, then, of always re-
viewing what has just been read. It exercises
and disciplines the mental faculties, strength-
ens the memory, and teaches concentration of
thought. You will soon learn in this way to
think and reason intelligently, to separate and
classify diflferent kinds of information, and in
time, the mind, instead of being a lumber room,
in which the various contents are thrown to-
gether in careless confusion and disorder, will
become a storehouse where each special class
or item of knowledge, neatly labeled, has its own
[larticular place, and is ready for use the mo-
ment there is need of it."
Selected.
MIDNIGHT MUSINGS-
ELIZABETH HATFIELD.
Silence reigns! the worlil is slumbering ;
I, tlie angel's vigils share :
Far behind is left the cumbering
Of earth's brightest joy or care.
Jesus, thou art watching with me.
And I cannot feel alone;
Not as thou, once, all forsaken.
E'en by those thou calls't thine own !
Soft my pillow— thou hast crowned me
AVith thy mercies numberless —
Everlasting arms are round me,
And eternal their caress!
Ne'er to be withdrawn, their shelter,
Till, to Abram's bosom borne,
I i-hall wake in bliss unfading
On some bright and happy morn.
What.if, ere this sun arises.
Thou should'st call, and call for me.
Leaving all this fond heart prizes,
Gladly would I come lo thee !
Yet, for those I leave behind me,
Ere I rest beneath the sod,
To ihy care I would commit ihem ;
Take and keep, my Saviour, God!
Feeble is my arm to guard them,
Though my love is deep and strong ;
Weak my heart and prone to error,
E'en its love might lead them wrong.
Take them, oh. Almighty Father,
Ever in thy grace to share !
With a mother's faith, I give them
To thy tender love and care ;
Knowing, I again shall find them ;
For thy words of promise true
Are not only for our comfort.
But include our children, too.
And, for other ones scattered
O'er earth's surface, wide apart,
Yet, together fondly cherished
In one weak but loving heart,
I would ask thy richest blessing ;
And whatever of sin in me
May have marred our Christian union,
Cancelled now, oh, let it be!
Thus, in peace wlih all around me ;
Peace within, which few can tell ;
Broken every tie that bound me.
Calm, I bid the world farewell ! •
True, the valley and the river
Lie between me and my rest;
Nature shrinks, the foot may quiver
When its first cold wave is pressed :
But, I know, that He whose mandate
Said "Thus far, no farther go "—
He, who to the brink hath led me,
Will not let its waves o'erflow :
And, to Him my end committing.
May I calmly yield my breath,
Ease, or pain, as is most fitting.
Choosing naught, for life or death.
For " The Friend."
Bilboes, Stocks, Pillory, etc.
In Alice Morse Earle's book, entitled, " Cn-
rious Punishments of By-gone Days," attention'
is called to the sensitiveness to derision and:
mockery that existed among our forefathers,
and to the use of this feeling in various kinds
of punishment, by exposing the offender to de-'
grading and helpless exposure. Among thesei
engines of punishment were the hilboes, in whici
the feet of the offender were securely fastened'
to a heavy bar of iron ; preventing locomotion.
The earliest mention of their use in Boston ws
in 1632, and the offence was " being drunk."
The Ducking Stool was brought over froniJ
England to this country. There is preserved'
a letter describing its use in Virginia in 1634.|
The victim was one Betsey Tucker, who by the
violence of her tongue, had made the neighbor-
hood uncomfortable. The machine consists oi'
a " platform with small rollers on wheels, andl
two upright posts, between which works a
by a rope fastened to its shorter or heavier enAj
At the end of the longer arm is fixed a stool,'
upon which the said Betsey was fastened byl
cords, her gown fast tied around her feet. Thf
machine was then moved up to the edge of the'
pond, the rope was slackened by the officer, and:
the woman was allowed to go down under the'
water for the space of half a minute. Betsey,
had a stout stomach, and would not yield untill
she had allowed herself to be ducked five
eral times. At length she said piteously, ' Let'
me go, let me go; by God's help I'll sin no'
more.' Then they drew back the machine, xiw
tied the ropes, and let her walk home in hen
wetted clothes, a hopefully penitent woman."
In New England the Stocks were soon su
stituted for the Bilboes. These consist
tially of two planks set on edge, one above thel
other, with semicircular holes on each, so thai
when a person was seated behind it, his
placed in the depressions cut out, and the uppei
plank let down, he was effectually imprisonecb
The carpenter who built the first one used
Boston was condemned to sit in it for one houio
because his bill was considered extortionate!
The records of our religious Society show than
they were sometimes used as instruments of per^
secution.
In the pillory, the culprit was placed in J
standing position, with the head fastened bei
tween two planks, as the feet were in the stock
It gradually went out of use in England, bui
was not formally abandoned until 1837.
The abolition of those punishments which in
volved personal exposure and its degrading efi
fects, must be regarded as an evidence of tb(
advance of civilization, and a more just apprei
elation of the proper objects of criminal puniab
ment.
The angels announced that the coming o'
Christ's kingdom and the universality of hi
reign would bring "peace on earth, good wiJi
toward men." The ages which have followet'
Christ's wonderful prophecy have been ages o
war and bloodshed. Kingdom has risen agaius
kingdom, and nation against nation. A ver;
large proportion of the wealth of the world ha
been spent in war; and death has destroye(
more millions on sea and land in this way thai
by pestilence, famine, fire, and flood. But thi
day of universal peace is coming, the sun-streak
of its dawn are upon the eastern sky. Thi
great plan of arbitration between this countr;
and England is the first sign of its approach
When this is " une affaire accompli" the na
THE FRIEND.
V.)l
ions of the earth will recarrl it as, perhaps, the
losi wonderful event of the ages, and as su-
reuiely worthy of their imitation and adop-
lion. Thus Christ, by drawiug all the nations
together in the bonds of a universal brotherhood,
B drawing all nations nearer to himself.
I It will follow that the long-since-uttered prom-
38, that "the nations shall learn war no more,"
lastens rapidly on. The first fact that strikes
'ur attention is the forraidableness of the weap-
'ns of warfare at the present time. When guns
Tom the ships of war can pierce through plated
Jefenseful vessels at five miles, aud can throw
nd explode their bombs at fifteen miles; when
;ims used by infantry can fire from fifty to sixty
iiuUets in a minute ; when Galling and other
[uns can spread desolation and death over a
fhole army in a few hours, it is well for nations
;o pause before loosening "the dogs of war."
^ow, it has occurred to rae, as well as to many
thers, that God is making use of these means
0 bring all wars to an end.
i It looks to rae as very probable that there
!?ill be one more fierce, bloody war among the
latiiins, when blood will flow so wide and so
ligh that it will reach unto " the bridles of the
lorses" in that day ; but I very much doubt if,
ifter that, any other great battle will be fought
p this world.
Now then, waiving all other considerations,
f wars come to an end, if there is no longer
iieed of standing armies and navies, what an
ramense revenue will come into the kingdom
'if Christ! And when, added to this, there shall
jiethe complete abolishment of the liquor traffic,
Ifhat countless milliiins more wuU be rendered
kp for Christ and humanity ! How taxations
'.fill tumble; how wages will increase; how
missions will spread ; how humanity will be
fifted up; and how the whole earth will be
filled with Christ's glory and praise ! Christ
■rill reign over all the earth, aud peace will
jiufold her banner over all the nations. This
glorious era hastens on. " Come, Lord Jesus ;
home quickly." — Chrktian Advocate.
Selected.
The Famine in India.
There is no power in speech or pen to describe
he desolation produced in India by the famine
low prevailing. One may look over the map
,)f the world in vain to find a picture which
!quals it in sorrow and distress. The popula-
jon is immense — three hundred millions — and
he productive power of even that rich soil is
ully taxed when in the best condition to feed
he vast population. The periodicity of the
ieasons is such that in many parts of the coun-
,ry three harvests can be reaped in the year,
ivhile in others only two can be expected. But
0 support a popularion of five times the num-
ber of that of the United States the yield must
08 full. When there is the .scantiness of an
.och of rainfall in the year, the meaning is, not
iimply deficiency of food, but the death of luio-
'Ireds of thousands, and even of millions. Here,
n this country, where nature seldom withholds
ler bounty, we cannot understand the deep sig-
nificance of only a partial Indian famine.
Rice and wheat are important grains, but the
^reat staple of India, as a whole, is millet. This
s an autumn harvest, and the failure of the
wuthwestern monsoon in the fall of 189G is
what is popularly believed to have produced the
aresent great calamity. If there should come
1 little rainfall still, such as an inch and a half,
he extent of the famine will still be great. But
t is too late now to hope for any escape from the
poverty and death sure to follow in the wake of
the dearth of the harvest. Should there be no
more rain this season, the famine must take its
place among the larger ones of the century, and
the wail of sorrow and starvation will be heard
over immense stretches of the Indian Eni])ire.
The American missionaries report a scene al-
most incredible when they say that not less than
forty millions of people are on the verge of star-
vation. In some places there are parents who,
to save the family from death, are selling their
children at ten cents apiece. It is declared that
the minimum of people who have died, or nui.^t
die, is one million.
While India is an English possession, the au-
thorities cannot meet the strong demand for im-
mediate help. The British Indian government
has already appropriated one hundred and twen-
ty five million dollars to furnish employment
for the people. But many of the unemployed
are so weak that they cannot work. Then there
is added the rapacity of the speculators in grain,
who buy up and hoard, for later profits, great
supplies of the cereals. One missionary writes :
" The grain merchants seem like perfect fiends,
bent on nothing but the gratification of their
greed. In their cellars lies grain enough for a
year. They compel the people to starve by the
enormously exorbitant prices they ask."
But there is another, and quite overlooked,
factor toward this wretchedness. How does fam-
ine come to India? How is it that there are
immense regions of India which do not yield a
single cereal? We answer that they are the
very lands in which no cereals are sown, for
they are appropriated to the culture of opium.
The charts issued by the government show that
the famine regions are identical with those of
the production of the poppy. It is more advan-
tageous, at first sight, to raise opium than mil-
let, rice, or wheat. The opium territory is farm-
ed out to the people, and the government gives
a fixed price for the product, and exports it to
China and the rest of the world. The alterna-
tive is either opium, which is slow death, or
starvation, whicli is immediate death. Let the
culture of opium stop from Lahore down to
Cape Comorin, and the occasion for famine will
stop in a single year. Nature, if she be permit-
ted to have her own way, would take care of
all the people of India.
If this now devastating famine will only teach
England that the time has at last come when
the culture of the poppy must give way to the
cereals, and that, in the end, there is more real
gain to the people and the national treasury by
stopping the trade in opium, it will be a moral
triumph beyond all calculation. At tint the
national income would be less, but finally it
would be found that the continuation of the re-
sponsibility for opium is a s mrce of loss both
moral and material to everj' interest of the
people.
When will the English government stop the
crime of opium? May we not hope that, if no
other voice reaches the ear of the English Par-
liament, the wail of one million dying sufierers
in India will arouse the English conscience to
say of the trade in opium : " Thus far, and no
farther ?"
Wliy Farm Values are Depressed.
By far the most irn[)ortant division of the
annual report of the .Secretary of Agriculture
is contained in the following paragraphs, in
which we italicise a sentence that cannot be too
strongly emphaisized :
The attention of tho.se who complain of the
couiliiioti of the American farmer and the hard-
ships which, by stre.ss of the con)|)etition of all
the farmers of the world, he is compelled at
times to endure, is called to the fact that nearly
two millions of farms, of eighty acres each, in
the llniied States, have been given away by
the (iovernment under the homestead act of
1866, during the last thirty years. Those farms
contain many millions of acres of arable land.
The giving of something for nothing has re-
sulted in an abnormally ra()id increa.se in the
acreage under tillage in the United .States dur-
ing the last thirty years. This also has caused
a decline in farm laud values in the eas^tern
and older States. Lender the timber culture
law the amount donated was equivalent to over
five hiinflred and fifty thousand more farms of
the same size. This takes no account of the
de.sert land laws, under which numberless choice
locations were given away, or of the large body
of land patented to states and corporations,
and sold at merely nominal prices to build up
the country. Lands long tilled and rendered
partially infertile, could not, of course, enhance
in value and sell in competition with virgin
soil which was being donated by the general
government. Lines of rail transportation have
either pioneered homestead lands or quickly
followed their settlement. Reduction in the
cost of carriage has made the long haul of pro-
ducts from those far away — given away — farms
but a trifle more than the freiijhi upon products
grown in the eastern and middle states, going
to the same domestic markets or to those of
Eurojie.
No lerjitl'ilion relative to the public domain haJt
been i<o directly inimical to the farmers who had
bought and paid for tlie hnds upon which they
lived and labored.
Until the homestead law came into vigor in
1866, the farmers of the United Stales com-
peted with each other upon land representing
accumulated capital aud fixed investments, but
after the homestead law lands began to produce
and ship into market crops from the vast area
of fertility which they represent, eastern and
middle States land values declined. It was
impossible for them to enhance in competition
with fresher and more productive land obtained
as gratuities by other farmers. It was equally
impossible — demand remaining stationary and
supply suddenly increasing — for farmers in the
older .States to profitably sell their products in
competition with those of the newer States grown
upon lands which cost their owners nothing —
Selected.
'Well to suffer is Divine;
Pass the watch-wnrd Hovvn the lin(
Pass the counlersign : ' endtre.'
' Not to him who rashly dares,
But to Him who nohly bears
Is the victor's garland sure."
In 1748 JIary Peisley, of Ireland, went over
to England on a religious visit. When travel-
ling in Yorkshire she made the following record
in her Journal : —
"Having been umlerdeep baptisms and pov-
erty of spirit, as I quietly rode along, the Lord
was pleased in mercy to break in upon my mind
by his life-giving presence and power; and it
became the language of my soul, 'Speak, Lord,
and thy servant will hear.' After which many
things were Divinely opened to me, wherein I
greatly rejoiced, and was thankful to the Lord
my G..d. Then I found a sudden but gentle
rebuke, and heard as it were a voice, that said
198
THE FRIEND.
First Mo. 9, 189:
in the secret of my soul, ' These dispensations
thoa most delightest in are least pleasing to me,
and not so beneficial to thy soul, as that pure
poverty of spirit, brokenness and contrition of
heart, which bring into humility of mind ; and
the reason why this is so little desired, and so
unpleasant to the creature is, because it can
have no part therein, but is wholly and entirely
excluded and set at nought — can discover no
beauty or excellency in it ; and this is the reason
I love the offering of a broken heart and con-
trite spirit, as it is most pure, and without any
mixture of the creature. For whether there be
prophecies. Divine openings, revelations, conso-
lations, joyings or rejoicings in the Holy Spirit,
gifts of healing, or tongues of utterance, in all
these self can rejoice and have a share, being
obvious to it, and bringing it honor.' Then
said I, ' Lord, dispense to mo what is most
pleasing to thee, and besi for ray soul, so long
as ray weak faith and patience can endure it.'"
For "The Friend.'
Recent Researches in Babylonia.
In the library building of the University of
Pennsvlvauia, in this city, is a large'coUectiou
of Babylonian and Assyrian antiquities, which
have lately been acquired by the Bibylonian
expeditions of the University of Pennsylvania,
first sent out in 1888, at the expense of a few
individuals who had organized for the purpose
of effdcting a systematic exploration of ancient
Biibylonia. This coUeoti jn has been gradually
increased until it now contains many objects of
various kinds illustrating the life and history
of the ancient pe )ples who once inhabited the
now silent and almost deserted wildernesses on
the banks of the Euphrates, and which have
been obtained mostly under great difiiculties,
arising from the unhealthy character of that
distric, the great labor involved in exploring
the ra)unds which cover the site of its Ibrraer
great cities, and especially from the warlike
and treacherous disposition of the Arabs who
roam over that region, and look with suspicion
upon all intru lers.
Herman V. Hilprecht, one of the professors
to wh')m the work of explor.ition had bjen in-
trusted, has lately prepared a work of a popular
character, in which he gives an account of the
labors in which he and others have been en-
gaged in this interesting field, and also of simi-
lar eff>rts in Palestine, Egypt and Araliia,
under the title of" Ricenf, Risaarches in Bible
Lands," from which the following has been
mostly taken. In this work there are chapters
by other explorers and Oriental scholars, giving
the results of the examination of different parts
of the extensive area in which explorations have
been ciirried on, and of some of the conclusions
io regard t) historical events which have been
deduced from these discoveries.
That these relics of antiquity could have been
preserved in th=^3e localities, in their present
almost unaltered condition, appears to have
h;en largely due to two causes — first, the re-
markable dryness of the climate, and secondly,
to the nature of the material — mud bricks, of
which most of the walls of the houses and of
the ancient cities were constructed, and which
when falling into ruins, covered up and pre-
served from the action of the air all that might
have been contained in these ancient abodes.
One of the writers in this hook, Frederick
Jones Bliss, remarks in reference to these mounds
in Palestine," Every buried city is, in a certain
sense, a mound. Ancient Jeru-alem is one vast
mound, upon which modern Jerusalem is built."
They are called by the Arabic name of tell.
" Tlie Syrian tells are not large, varying from
twenty to a hundred feet in height, and fnim
fifcy to fifteen hundred feet in diameter. But
the general appearance is the same in all, a fairly
flat sura rait, sometimes rounding off near the
sides, but more usually with a distinct edge.
The sides are steep. Sjme of them have more
than one suramit. Tell es-Snltan, near Elisha's
Fountain, at Jericho, is really a large platform
about fifcy feet high, with three distinct sum-
raits rising for fifty feet raore near the edges.
Some of the tells are used as modern cemeteries ;
others are under cultivation ; others are cov-
ered by Arab villages. They are usually found
near springs or wells, and occupy some natural
swelling of the ground. The reason is obvious.
The first settlers desired two things, water, and
a position suitable for defense. Their descend-
ants, or their conquerors, continued from age
to age to occupy the same favorable position,
and ST the tells grew."
" But how did they attain to such a height,
and how did they finally approximate to the
appearance of an ordinary hill? The answer is
short, mud brick. Mud brick is at once the
mist destructible and the most indestructible
of building materials. Mud brick is the great
preserver. Mud brick requires no foundation
but itself, so mud brick town rises upon the
foundation of mud brick town until the site is
finally abandoned, when the last settlement,
being only mad brick, gradually falls to pieces,
crumbles away, is washed by a storm, is smoothed
down by a plough, and hence the tell, really a
pile of historical volumes, arranged in chronolo-
gical order, becomes a green hill, on first view
an ordinary natural feature of the landscape.
'"This regular stratification is a tell's unique
importance. Stone built cities form much debris
from generation to generation, but it is largely
a debris of chaos. Stone buildings require solid
f?undations, often rock foundations, hence the
intervening debris is disturbed over and over
again. Chronological order becomes confused.
It is preserved of course in especial cases.''
" The only way to study a mound thoroughly
is to cut it down in horizontal slices, leaving
the buildings which have been exhumed in each
layer standing until they have been mapped
and planned, cut these away, and proce?d to
examine the layer below in the same way."
In undertaking the exploration of the ancient
city of Nuffar, the spot selected by Prof. Hil-
precht and his companions in beginning their
labors in Bibylonia, a similar systematic plan
of operations was undertaken, which he thus
ilescribes: "With a handful of trained Arabs
from the neighborhood of Babylon, the exca-
vators made a beginning. The entire hill and
its surroundings, with the visible remains of the
city walls, Imgur-Marduk and Nimitti-Marduk,
were trigonometrically surveyed, trenches and
experiraental ditches were determined on sci-
entific principles, and driven into the hill; a
systematic plan of operations was outlined and
discussed, by moonlight or daylight, in all its
details. With tact ami skill the excited minds
of the neighboring tribes were quieted, by enlist-
ing in the service of the expedition members
of the most influential branches of the Aftej,
who numbered about four thousand warriors;
and thus new resources were opened to the popu-
lation of the land. In this way the number of
Arabs we had at work gradually increased until
it reached four hundred. While some labored
in cutting the experiraental trenches, and others
in collecting the literary docusnents recovered
frora the old archives, the work of thoroughl's
examining the heap of the vast ruins of the tern
pie was pushed on with special vigor. Thf
result was satisfactory in every way, and raort
than two thousand precious cuneiform docu
ments were secured in the space of a fe«
months."
In the following year the work was resumed
and " Hundreds of graves, clay coffins and urn-
were opened ; and the ruins of demolished hubi
tations and storehouses, together with the con
tents of their chambers were explored. In thi-
way thousands of documents, inscribed bricks
vases, and votive tablets, were collected. Tht
active life and motion which once pulsated ii
the streets of the city, and in the fore-courts oi
its temple, on the palm-and-corn-laden bank,
of the great canal, were unfolded before thf
eyes of the restless explorers."
In removing the rubbish around one of th(
great temples, a platform was reached, upoi
which the first King of Ur is stated to havi
built about the year 2800 B. C, and upoi
going deeper, the foundations of a still oMei
edifice was discovered, and " numerous brick:
bearing the name of the great Sargon, who
3800, B. C, had extended his powerful empire
to the shores of the Mediterranean, came fortt
to the light of day under pick-ase and shovel.'
"Under the buildings of Sargon and Naram
Sin, one of the largest and most important find:
rewarded the labor that had been expended
An arch of brick, in splendid preservation, am
of nearly the same form as is found in the latei
monuments of the Neo-Assyrian empire, wa:
laid bare, and most carefully photographed
By this the question long discussed by the his
torians of architecture, as to the antiquity of th(
arch, eutereil upon a new stage and its existence
in Babylonia about the end of the fifth an(
the beginning of the fourth millenium befon
Christ was proved."
" But although the excavations have gone al
ready thirty-five feet below the platform o
King Ur-Gur of Ur (about 2800 b. c), not ye
have they reached the deepest foundations o
this venerable sanctuary, whose influence fo
over four thousand years had been felt by al
classes of the Babylonian people. But in thi
presence of this fact we begin to have some no
tion why Nippur is spoken of as the oldest cit;
of the earth in the old Suraerian legends of thi
Creation."
The raost noteworthy results of the expedi
tion. it is expected will be described in a serie
of vidumes now in course of preparation. The;
are thus summarized : " Over thirty-two thous
and cuneiform tablets form the bulk of wha,
has been rec ivered. Many of these are of th'
time of the dynasty of King Ur Gur (aboii
2800 B. c ), aiid of the period of the Cassit
Kings (about 1725 to 1140 b. c), which hitherf'
were not represented by dated documents. 0
the manifold character of these documents-
syllabaries, letters, chronological lists, historica
fragments, astronomical and religious texts, in
scriptions referring to buildings, votive tablets
dedications, inventories, contracts, etc., nothin:
less than an exhaustive examination can giv
a clear idea. Most of the early rulers of Bab}
Ionia, who were known to ns only by name, an'
fourteen of whose very names had been los'
have been restored to history by this expeditioi
Through the abundance of the recovered test
of the earliest Semitic rulers, Alusharshid, Sai
gon I, and NaramSin, comprising hundreds t
inscribed bricks, door sockets, marble vases, an
clay stamps for bricks, our conception of tl
THE FRIEND.
]'.)'.>
lower and extent of the Semitic race of about
)800 B.C., had to undergo a radical transforma-
ion."
" Of especial value are the hundred and fifty
raguients of inscribed sacrificial vessels and vo-
ive objects belonging to three kings of the oldest
lynasties of Ur anci Erech hitherto unknown,
vhieh promise to cast entirely new light upon
he chronology of a difKeiilt period."
"Nine clay sarcophagi have already been ex-
aviiitd at Nutlar, and conveyed in good condi-
,ion to the Imperial Museum at Constantinople,
md twenty-five more stand packed, ready to
eave the fields of ruins. Among the great
number of seals and seal-cylinders such as the
Babylonians employed in business transactions,
ihere are some of every period of their history,
ind several belonged to kings and governors.
Pwo hundred clay bowls, closely inscribed in
\ramaic, Hebrew, and Mandean, allow us a
velcorae glimpse into the wizardry of Babylonia,
vhicii exerted considerable influence on the re-
igidus teachings of the later, post-biblical litera-
ure of the Jews. Thousands of enamelled and
blain viisesof clay of all sorts, playthings, wea-
)ons, weights, gold and silver ornaments, objects
in stone, bronze and iron, several very ancient
ntaglios and bas-reliefs, together with a collec-
ion of human skulls, which offer us help in the
tudy of the piebald ethnological relations of
kbylonia, complete the rich collection of an-
iijuiiies obtained from the ruins of Nutfar."
In contemplating the results of these and
ither explorations of the last half century in
Babylonia and Assyria, J. F. McCurdy writes:
We can bring before our mind's eye the pow-
rful and populous cities, of which Babylon,
hough not the oldest, became the greatest. The
mperial city itself, with all its suggestiveness
f culture and power and pride and luxury, is
»nveiled to us ; and now we can appreciate the
luraerous biblical references, direct and figura-
ive, to Babylon the great. We have learned
he actual foundation of the traditionstl glory
f Babylonia and Assyria, with their temples
nd palaces, their commercial and legal insti-
utions, their observatories, colleges and facto-
ies."
In c( nsidering the evidences of thought and
areful workmanship connected with these re-
aains of a remote age, we cannot repress the
lelief that in many respects the powers of mind
lossessed by this ancient people were not inferior
0 those of the present inhabitants of the earth,
i similar conclusion has been reached by those
ovestigators who have examined the monuments
f Egypt, some of which date back more than
ne thousand years before the time of Abraham,
'rof A. H. Sayce writes : " Now, this is a fact
ihich is very remarkable. The oldest monuments
estify to a civilization already long established
nd highly advanced; and yet Upper Egypt is
' country where, as has been said, nothing per-
ches except by the hand of man. How is it,
hen, that no traces have been discovered of the
teps which led up to the marvellous civiliza-
ion of the Old Empire? How is it that we no-
.here find any evidences even of the primitive
'ictures out of which the elaborate hieroglyphic
ystem of writing may have grown ? Xow and
hen, it is true, objects have been met with
■ hich indicate a certain degree of barbarism,
ut they belong to periods subsequent to that of
be Old" Empire."
" We cannot emphasize the fact too strongly
bat Egyptian civilization is at the very outset
nil grown. So far as the monumental testi-
mony is concerned, it has neither childhood nor |
youth. Every fresh discovery brings out the
fact into clearer relief"
"The ujonumenial history of Egypt gives no
countenance to the fashionable theories of to-
diiy, which derive civilized men, by a slow [iro-
cess of evolution, out of a brute-like ancestor.
On the contrary, its testimony points in an op-
posite direction : the history of Egypt, so far as
excavation has made it known to us, is a history,
not of evolution and progress, but of retrogres-
sion and decay." G. J. S.
For "The Friend."
Friends' Library, 142 N. Sixteenth St., is
open every week-day from three o'clock to six
o'clock, p. M., and on Lyceum evenings. Books
are loaned for two weeks and may be renewed
by postal, for two weeks more. The Librarian,
Mary S. Allen, will be pleased to aid parents in
the choice of Juvenile books for their children.
The patronage of country as well as city Friends
will be appreciated. There is an efibrt being
made to strengthen the diHerent departments by
the addition of standard works, as well as to add
the most desirable new books published each
month. There is no charge for books loaned.
First Month 1st, 1897.
Natural History, Science, etc.
A Christian Native of South Africa. — The lions
in the Orange River country, when they get
old and too stiff or too lazy to follow their trade
of catching bucks and other active animals,
sometimes crouch about the kraals and pounce
upon a man ; and when they begin that kind
of work they soon acquire such cannibal pro-
clivities as to become very troublesome custo-
mers.
An old lion had been making some such un-
welcome visits to the kraal to which this Chris-
tian native belonged, and one day he and two
others took each a gun and went out in search
of him, hoping to make a final settlement with
him. A few miles distant from the kraal, pass-
ing over the brow of a ridge into a little vale, they
suddenly surprised a large lion feeding on the
remains of an animal carcass. The lion, seemed
glad to see them, and without ceremonj* ad-
vanced to give them a greeting. The men, in
(heir sudden fright, declined the interview and
ran for life. The Christian man quite outran
his two heathen compatriots ; but as he was
making away with himself as fi^st as he could,
the thought came to him, "One of these men
will be killed; neither is prepared to diel I
am prepared, thank God ! I had better die and
give them time for repentance !'' He instantly
stojjped and faced about; the two men passed
him, and before he could transfer his thoughts
fn.ni his heroic consent to die for his heatlien
neighbors to a purpose of selfdei'ense with his
gun the lion was upon him. With the force
of a mighty bound the lion struck him on the
breast with his paw. He got the stock of the
gun between his teeth and ground it to splinters.
Meantime, the others, seeing their friend down,
returned near enough for a sure shot; both
fired, and the lion dropped dead beside his
bleeding victim.
Brother Reed examined the deep scars kfi
by the paws of the liim, which the noble fellow
would carry to his grave. " Scarcely for a right-
eous man will one die; yet peradventure for a
good man some would even dare to die. But
God commendeth his love toward us, in that,
while we were yet sinners, Christ died for us."
And here was one of Africa's sable sons so im-
bued with the selfsacrificing spirit of Jesus,
that even for a bad man
—Life of William Taylor.
TRK FRIEND.
MUST MONTH
m; FAirm LL.
In the year l>i42 there was published in
Thk Friknd an account prepared by the lale
Thomas Evans of the convincement and some of
the religious exerci-^^es of J(jhn Davis, an I'^nglish
Friend, who died in 1744, aged .seventy-seven
years. In early life he was in the employ of a
man who ke|)t about him a large family of some
120 persons. At this period he wandereii far
from the path of rectitude, but being Divinely
visited and made to submit to the Lord's re-
quirings, he was dismissed from hisemi)loyijient
and went to London to rejoin his wife, who had
become a Friend. He says : " I felt constrained
to appear in my clothing more like one of that
people. I resolved, however, to imitate only
the smartest I had noticed amongst them. I
jiarted with my long wig and bought a shurt
one ; bought cloth for a tire.-s and carried it to
a Friend to make up, who wished me to give
directions how the suit was to be made. I told
him I had not freedom, but (he being an honest
Friend), would leave it with him. He made
the clothes so plain, I was ashamed to put them
on. But the Lord determineil to bring down
that strong will in me which would have il.s
own way. So after many days of sore conflict
respecting them I was made to submit.
" The first day I put on my clothes, I walked
out of town three or four milts, the Lfinl raising
a cry in my heart, that, as I had taken the mark
of a holy profession, I might not by my life and
conversation bring dishonor thereupon. The
Lord showed me I was wanting in many things,
concerning j)lainne^s of speech, which is the
lantiuage of Truth ; the keeping on of my hat,
and refusing the customary salutations. These
crosses to my natural inclinations brought me
under much exercise many days and nights be-
fore I could submit. But I knew the hon] to
be a swift witness against the evil nature that
was in me ; and many times, when my hand
was on my hat to pull it off, I felt in myself
condemned, so that I durst not do it ; so likewise
in speech, and such things as are accounted by
many little matters." *
This was a part of the discipline to which the
Lord subjected his servant and prepared him
for usefulne-s in the church ; and unless he had
become humbled enough to submit to these re-
quirings, there is no reason to suppose that he
would ever have become joined to Him in a
covenant of life and peace. However much
some may be disposed to ridicule these things
as matters of no importance, yet the h)ve they
feel for their younger Friends must impel the
fathers and mothers in the church to earnestly
desire that the young may bow their necks to
the cross of Christ, and through filial submis-
sion to what He manifests to be his will, be-
come prepared for adoption into his family.
Whom the Lord loveth He chasteneth — we all
need this holy discipline, which a-suredly yield-
eth the peaceable fruits of righto 'usne.=s "to them
that are exercised thereby. Therefore, dear
young Friends, reject the counsel of the devil,
who would fain persuade you to follow your
own inclinations, and " Be ye followers of God
as dear children."
A stated meeting of the Meeting for Sufier-
200
THE FRIEND.
ing? of Philadelpliia, was held on the eighteenth
of Twelfth Month, 1896. It was felt to be an
interesting and profitable occasion.
Among other matters that came before it was
a memorial forwarded by Concord Quarterly
Meeting for our late beloved friend, Clarkson
Sheppard. In his younger years he indulged in
gay company, and in reading works of fiction,
his tastes being then strongly literary. But
about the twenty-sixth year of his age, he was
favored with renewed and powerful visitations
of that Divine Grace which bringeth salvation,
and which teacheth to live "soberly, righteously
and godly." He was enabled to endure the
conflict with self, and to submit himself without
reserve to the will of his Heavenly Father ;
and under the impression of duty he committed
to tne flames all of his books, whose tendency was
objectionable. About the same time he adopted
more fully than before the plain dress and lan-
guage of a consistent Friend. However much such
sacrifices may be despised by the worldly-wise,
yet we doubt not they yielded peace to his ear-
nest mind; for it is an indubitable truth that
without filial submission to the will of God,
there is no preparation experienced for the joys
of heaven, for it is as true now as in the days of
Samuel the prophet, that " Rebellion is as the
sin of witchcraft," a mortal sin. And the pro-
verb of the wise king is still applicable, " He
that being often reproved, hardeneth his neck,
shall suddenly be destroyed and that without
remedy."
From thetiuie of this memorable change our
dear Friend seemed to live a life of much devo-
tion to the cause of Christ, and was indeed a
laborious worker for the spread of religion
among his friends and in the world at large,
both by pen and tongue. His bringing forth of
much fruit was an evidence that he continued
to " abide in the vine.". Desires were felt that
we, his surviving friends, might, in this respect
follow him.
The Committee on the distribution ofthe" Ap-
peal to our Fellow Christians on the Suliject of
War," gave some interesting details of the prose-
cution of their work. They had received numer-
ous satisfactory responses from those to whom
it had been sent; and in several cases requests
for further information respecting tlie doctrines
and practices of Friends.
SUMMARY OF EVENTS.
United States.— It is stated thai President Cleve-
hinil h:is been repeatedly assured hy S|)ain that refurins
will he inangurated in Cuba when the Province nf
Pinar del Rio has lieen pacified. The time has now
arrived, it is believed, when the home rule relorms
will be instituted there, and also in the Provinces of
Malanza.s and Havana, where the insurgents have
never secured a foothcdd. The Spanish Ministry are
now nnderslood to he engaged in drafting; the pro-
posed reforms. It is believed thev will be completed
within a forlniglit.
The United States Treasury debt statement shows
a net decrease in the public debt, less cash in the
treasury, during Twelfth Month, of S2,839,.577. Total
cash in the trcaMirv. •'?'<o:!.4ri:!,.5.Tl.
Contracts «ri. .1. i. 1 m W ;i^liington on the 1st in-
stant by the .1 m ^ '! ..1 with the Cramp Ship-
bnildini! C p, , : r;.,.,:.Mphia, and the Union
Iron Works, „l .-„,.■ 1 i.ai, i>L,., for the building by
each of tlie companies named of an unarmored cruise'r
of 4800 Ions displacement, each vessel to be capable
of making 2!] knots iiniler forced draught. The cost
of each ve-sel will be about one and one-half million
dollars, and are both to be completed within twenlv-
four months.
On the 4lh instant the Unite 1 States Circuit Court
of ,\ppeals. in San KrauciM-o, alhrmcd the decision of
the lower Court in tliccise of l!,,wcrs m. Van Schuiidl.
Bowers is the origin:il iuvculor ..f the hy.lrauli;
dredger,and brouglilsuit for infringement of the patent.
The effect of this decision will be to stop practically
all dredging on the Chicago lake front and in New
Yoik, Boston and Philadelphia harbors and other
points. Millions of dollars are involved.
The public lands still vacant in this country amount
to over 000,000,000 acres not including Alaska, with
its 369,000,000 acres.
Massachusetts annuallv imports from beyond her
border eggs to the value "of §5,000,000.
Nebraska farmers have begun to use part of their
corn crop for fuel.
The Atlanla Journal says: "Some time ago the
Journal referred to the liberality of the Southern
States in the matter of negro education, showing that
they had appropriated nearly $80,000,000 to negro
schools since emancipation, and that more than 95
per cent, of this sum had been paid by the whites.
We stated in that article that the South is inevitably
committed to two propositions: First, the support of
the negro schools by general taxation; second, the
separation of the schools for whites and negroes. Un-
der this policy 40 per cent, of the illiteracy among
negroes has disappeared ; over 27,000 negro teachers
have found places in Southern schools, and their
number, as well as the number of negro pupils, is
sleatily increasing. We also called attention to the
fact that there are in the South, besides the common
schools for negroes, which every Southern State
maintains with increasing liberality, 152 institutions
fir the secondary and higher education of negroes, in-
cluding thirty-two colleges."
The clerks of the Delective Department in this city,
having in charge the record of missing people, estimate
that during the past year 1200 persons had been re-
ported among the " disappearances." Many of these
were reported from other cities, but the majority were
Philadelphians. Exactly what proportion of these
remained " missing" the clerks have no means of as-
certaining, because, as they say, a great many who
are repirted simply go away for a day or two on little
''sprees," and go back home and the folks do not care
to go to the trouble of inf jrraing the police that they
have returned. Wherever such notification is re-
ceived, however, the word "recovered" is impressed
with a rubber stamp across the entry of the name
and residence. The records are being improved year
by year.
Deaths in this city last week numbered 502, which
is 107 more than the previous week, and .50 more than
the Corresponding week of 1895-6. Of the foregoing,
256 were males and 246 females: 92 died of pneumonia;
54 of consumption ; 49 of heart disease; 24 of diph-
theria; 19 of bronchitis; 19of apoplexy ; 19 of convul-
sions ; 18 of old age ; 17 of inflammation of the brain ;
15 of nephritis ; 13 of Bright's disease; 12 of inanition ;
12 of typhoid fever; 11 of inflammation of the brain,
and 10 from casualties.
Markets, &C.—V. S. 2's, 95i a 97} ; 4's, reg., 109J a
IIO.V; coupon, lllj all2J; new 4's, 120 a 120.V ; 5's,
114 a 1144 ; currency 6"s, 100 a 105.
Cotton was quiet and nominally quoted at 7f s<^- P^''
pound for middling uplands.
Feed.— Spot bran ranged from $10 00 to ?il0.75 per
Ion for winter in bulk and spring in saiks.
Flour.— Winter super, 5^2 80 a $3.10; do., extras,
$3.25 a$3.50 ; Pennsylvania roller, clear, $1.25 a $4.40;
do., do., straight, $4.55 a $4.65 ; We^tern winter, clear,
$4 25 a $4.50; do., do., straight, $4.G0 a $4.75; do.,
do., patent, $4.80 a $5.00 ; spring, clear, $3.75 a $4.10 ;
do., straight, $4.25 a $4.50 ; do., patent, $4.60 a $4.80 ;
do., favorite brands, higher. Citv mills, extra, $3.25
a $3.65; do., clear, $4.25 a $4.50:' do., straight, $4.60
a $4.75; do., patent, $4.90 a $5.10. Rye Floor.-
$2.75 per bbl. for choice Pennsylvania. Buckwheat
Flour.— $1.25 a $1.40 per 100 pounds, as to quality.
Grain.— No. 2 red wheat, 95 a 95}c.
No. 2 mixed corn, 274 a 27fc.
No. 2 white oats, 234 a 24c.
Beef Cattle.— Extra, 4J a o^v.; good, 4| a 4Jc.;
I medium, 43 a 4Jc.; common, 4^ a 41c.
Sheep ano Lambs.— Extra, 4 a 4}c.; good, 34 a 3|c.;
medium, 3 a o]c ; common, 2} a 25c.; lambs, 4 a 5^0
Hogs.- Western, 5 a 5}c.; State, 5fc.
Foreign. — Returns of elections in France held on
the 3r.l instant show that 6'.l Republicans, 13 Radicals,
3 Socialists and 12 Reactionists were elected to the
Senate.
A cablegram from Rome says it is rumored that the
Powers generally will give adherence to the arbitra
tion protocol between the United States and Greai
Britain.
A special despatch from St. Petersburg to the Cu-
tnrjne Gazelle says it is the intention of the Czar to
create a Supreme Court, with the object of relieving
NOTICES.
A YOUNG WOMAN Friend desires a situation ;i
housekeeper, or as couip;inion for an elderly persci
Address " E," West Chester, Pa.
Westtown Boarding School— Applications >
the admission of pupils to the school, and letters i
regard to instructiou and discipline should be ai!
dressed to William F. Wickersham, Principal.
Payments on account of board and tuition, an
communications in regard to busine.ss should be foi
warded to Edward G. Smedley, Superintendent.
Address, Westtown P. O., Chester Co., Pa.
himself of much of the work which devolves on the
Emperor. The new court will settle all the matters
now decided by the Czar, except those of the highest
importance, wliich will, as heretofore, be referred to
the Emperor himself. The Grand Duke Constantine
Constantinovitch, uncle of the Czar, will be appointed I
President of the court.
Spain has granted reforms for Porto Rico, which
e to go into effect immediately, without waiting for
the approval of the Cortes.
Spanish planters and merchants in Cuba have sent i
a representative to Madrid to ask Weyler's recall, or
quest the Spanish Government to order him to allow
grinding. Weyler's unpopularity amongst the Span-
iards is increasing.
Ex-PreraierSagasta. leader of the Spanish Liberal-
says General Woyler is an obstacle to the paciticatii i
of Cubi, being incapable of coping with the rebellion
Senor Sagasta advocate* concurreut military and tiip-
itic action on the part of Spain and the imme-
diate granting of constitutional and taiifl' reforms iii
Cuba.
Prime Minister Canovas declares that the Spanish
Government will not accept any intervention on the
part of the United States in Cuba.
Referring to the new law prohibiting the sale of
quor to natives in the Transvaal, The South African
Financial Record states that out of the 24,618 natives
employed by the 44 mining companies, 12.3 per cent,
of them were constantly drunk. With this fact before
them, llie Record says that " arguing from the stand-
point of pure expediency, it would have been advan-
tageous to this (mining), industry to have paid the
government a sum equivalent to the entire revenue
derived from the canteen licenses for the privilege ol
closing them."
It is anticipated that in five years' time Japan is
likely to possess the most perfect telephiinic system in
the world. There is already a considerable nucleus in
existence, but the decision of the .Jap:ine-e Govern-
ment to appropriate a sum of $64,000,000 in the ex-
pansion of the service, spread over a period of seven
years, will soon make itself evident. The work of con-
struction is being rapidly carried out at various im
port int places, the intention being to complete by
March, 1898, the expansion of the service relating tc
Tokio, Osaki, Yokohama, as well as the new construc-
tive work in Nagoya, Nagasaki and Shimonoseki. and
to establish a telephonic connection between Tokic
and Kobe.
Lieutenant de Gerlache, the leider of the projected
Belgian Antarctic expedition, says that it will start
from Antwerp about Seventh Mo. 15th. The steamei
Belifica will carry a three years' supply of provisions
and will probably be absent about two years. Durin<
the fir.-t year the expeilition will go to the east o
Graham Land, in George IV. Sea, ami then winter ii
.A.uslralia. The second year they will probably go ii
the direction of Victoria Land. " We intend," tin
Lieutenant says, " more especially to devote ourselve
to geological and zoob gical research, taking for thi
purpose specimens from the various sea depths am
the submarine deposits. We shall also estimate tin
sea teiuperature at different depths, and, in short
make researches similar to those by the ChiUenger m
other Antarctic expeditions."
Westtown Boarding School. — For convenient
of persons coming to We.sttown School, the stage wi
meet trains leaving Philadelphia 7.17 and 8.46 A. M
and 2.53 and 4.32 p. M. Other trains are met whe
requested. Stage fare on regular trips, fifteen cent
on special trips, twenty-five cents each way. To reac ,
the school by telegraph, wire West Chester Phone 8 (
Edwakd G. Smedley, Suft
Young pupils taught at their homes, or coached i
their school lessons, address
"M," 3419 Hamilton St., West Phila.
THE FRIEND
A Religions and Literary Jonrnal.
VOL. LXX.
SEVENTH-DAY, FIRST MONTH IG, l«!i7.
No. 26.
j PUBLISHED WEEKLY.
Price, if paid in advance, $2.00 per annum.
I Bubscripiions, payments and business communieatiom
1 received by
Edwin P. Sellew, Publisher,
Xo. 207 Walxut Place,
tSauthfrom Walnut Street, between Third and Fourth,)
PHILADELPHIA.
Articles designed for insertion to be addressed to
JOSEPH WALTON,
MOOKESTOWU, BuRLrNGTON Co., N. J.
Entered as second-class matter at Philadelphia P. O.
Diary and Letters of Deborah Brooks Webb.
(Continued from paKe HI4.)
I 1868.— Tenth Mouth 19lh.— Set a watch, oh,
)Lord, round about me, around about my heart,
that it may be kept chise to thee, even "The sixty
armed warriors, with swords girded upon their
thighs," that 1 wander not so much from thee in
tny thoughts. Oh, keep my mind inward and my
2ye single unto thee, my blessed Lord, thou ever
adorable Holy One of Israel ! Oh, that ray soul
might worship thee continually.
■ Eleventh Month 1.5th. — Oh, Lord, thy poor
ijhild looketh unto thee. I do want to be rightly
iirected. O, make way for me and give me
pure vision from thee, for my poor soul feareth
greatly. O, it is a great work, and nothing
,3ut thy pure word can profit the people. Ob,
Father, give me plain direction, that 1 may not
think too much, nor move too soon ... I
llesire to dwell in all humility of soul before
',hee, with my mouth as in the dust, looking up
[,o thy hand. Wilt thou not bless me, in this
state? Thankfulness covers my soul, and living
Ijraises arise to thee, for thy supporting power
granted unto me in this time of deep trial and
;onfiict. I thank thee, too, oh. Father, for the
)roiperity of my school and for the assistant.
3e with us, dear Father, and season our spirits
vith thy grace, that they may have a savory
ofluence upon the little ones, and lead them to
eek thee for themselves. Oh, Father, give me
Qore strength to fa* and pray, and to be wholly
ubjected unto thy will.
Oueof her little pupils having been removed
)y death, she thus writes to the parents :
"Twelfth Month 2.5th, 1868.
"Dear Friends: — My thoughts seem to dwell
0 much w^ith you, knowing you must feel your
)ereavement. Yesterday as my thoughts were
Iwelling upon my little tiock, desiring that no
Qore of my dear little lambs might be taken
wway, the "feeling came so forcibly, 'she is an
ngel now,' and then I remembered how very
oving and aflectionate she had been, throwing
^er little arms around me, many times in a day
Ind sometimes a kiss only would unlock them.
vhen, if He has gathered her to his blessed
old, we have no cause to mourn. Some writer
las said, ' The less of this cold earth, the more
of heaven.' So she will have more heaven than
we. May this attliction be blessed to you ami
do not reflect upon yourselves. I think it was
the will of our Father. Yours, in tender sym-
pathy, Dkborah Brooks."
The next entrv in her diary appears to be :
1.S69.— Fifth "Month I2th.— Sad, weak and
sorrowful, desiring a united heart, whereby to
serve the Lord. Oh, that I might wash my
hands in iunocency, so that I might compass
thine altar, oh Lord.
In allusion to her first journey with a minute
from her Monthly Meeting for religious service,
she writes: During the Seventh and Eighth
Months, I was engaged in a visit to Concord and
Western Quarterly Meetings. My blessed Mas-
ter had made it plain to me, and answered all
my objections, all my doubts in regard to the
requiring. My kind friends, K W. Kite and
Charles Williams went with me, and I ft-lt
blessed in my companions. I went forth feeling
very poor and weak, but at .'■easons was wonder-
fully helped over every fear, and the Lord gave
me "words, when I knew nothing of myself.
Thanksgiving and praise were the covering of
my spirit in returning. He doth still put forth,
and go before his trembling, timid sheep.
Of this journey she has left the following:
" Notes of my first visit on Truth's account."
On the twenty-third of Sixth Month, 1869, a
minute was j^ranted me, by Northern District
JNIonthly Meeting, for visiting Concord and
Western Quarterly Meetings and the meetings
consiituliiig them.
Accompanied by my dear friends C. W. and
R. W. K., I left home for Wilmington seventh
day of Seventh Month. We remained all night
at our kind friends' Samuel Hilles, who, with
his wife, Margaret, was very attentive. During
the evening, after reading a psalm, there was a
little season of silence, and a few words arose
livingly in connection with the expression, "So
He bringeth them to their desired haven." I
was thankful for the feeling of quiet afterwards.
Next morning we attended the Monthly INleet-
ing, which was pretty large, and a lively meet-
ing. My blessed blaster seemed to help lue
through, giving me, "They that be planted in
the house of the Lord shall flourish in the
courts of our God," etc., with desires also that
He would turn the water of afiiiction into the
wine of consolation for some in that assembly.
After dining with our kind host, we hastened to
the one o'clock train for Chester, intending to
stop to see Thomas McCollin's wife Sarah, who
was very low, having consumption of the throat.
We found her a very patient sufterer, and quite
resigned to leave her husband and two little
children. " Fear not, for I know that ye seek
Jesus that was crucified," seemed given me for
her, with desires that she might patiently wait
until every stitch in the wedding garment was
completed. " The king's daughter is all ghjri-
ous within, her clothing is of wrought gold. She
shall be brought unto'the King in raimentof
needle work." We returned home on the five
o'clock train, feeling in my heart a degree of
quiet thankiulup.<s and adoration for all the
mercies vouchsafed.
Seventh Month 24th. — We again set forwanl,
going in the afternoon to Joseph Evans', and
were hospitably entertained. In the evening and
morning hail some profitable conversation, Dr.
Charles Evans and wife being there, besides the
family. "Behold an Israelite indeed, in whom
there is no guile," seems applicable to Joseph's
redeemed spirit.
At Springfield Meeting on First day morning,
not very large, but pretty solid. " The trees of
the Ijord are full of sap, the cedars of I.«banon
which He hath planted," etc. Dined at the
widow Lydia Allen's, where were Richard and
JIary Allen with their children, beside an in-
valid daughter, with a sweet, chastened spirit.
We lodged at Joseph Rlioads, son of that mother
in Israel, Hannah Rhuads. This was an inter-
esting family. They took us on this morning
to Middletown to Monthly Meeting— a lively
body of Friends. My soul was clothed with de-
sire that some might see of the travail of their
soul and be satisfied, and that those who were
coming forward might indeed have on the whole
armor, be strengthened with might and be able
to stand. Afterward had to revive the saying,
" We reflect the color of the rock we rest upon,"
and to show how needful it is f >r us to be found
building upon the sure foundation, Christ Jesus,
against which storms cannot prevail.
Dined with our friends Thomas and Philena
Smedley, where was a large family, and my
soul seemed to feel the wrestling of their spirits
to be led arii;ht in the faithful discharge of
their duty. We went with Thomas and his wife
to take tea with Thomas Yarnall, a minister
very much concerned for the spiritual welfare
of the Society. It was pleasant to be with them.
They live in" the hou.-e formerly occupied by
our friends James and Sarah Emlen, where they
had a school. This made it doubly interesting
to nie, anil they related an anecdote of Sarah
Emlen, which might act as a warning to some
of us to be very faithful to the .secret monitions
of the voice within.
R. and mvself remained here (at Thomas
Smedley's), a"ll night. Dined the next day at
James and Hannah Smedley's— kind Friends,
with two little children. They sent us to the
car in the afternoon, and we proceedeil to West
Chester. W. P. T. met us and took us to his
house. He, with his wife, did indeed endeavor to
give " the cup of cold water." Monthly Meeting
in the morning-" Yea, they may forget ; yet will
I not forget thee, and that which would become
wearv must be wearied out until we wait in
humble patience at the Ma-ter's feet.^ Again
arising with the words, " In the year King Uz-
ziah died the prophet saw the Lord sitting upon
the throne, high and lifted up," etc. If we would
experience this in ourselves, all the kingly na-
ture must die wit.iin us." Morris Cope there
too. and appeared in testimony searchingly, but
with encouragement. Dined with dear Jane
Gibbons, who was confined at home. We were
invited to Elizabeth Scattergood's to tea, and
202
THE FRIEND.
kindly entertained. Some Friends came in and
we had a pleasant evening. A lew words of en-
couragement given me by a young Friend, and
I laid down my head in quiet fear, feeling the
prayer of Mild'red Ratclitf, " Lord, he always
near thy feeble worm." In the morning, W. P.
and A.'M.T. kindly took us to Goshen Monthly
Meeting. I felt very poor, but thought there
was encouragement for some in the revival of
the language, Thy God hath commanded thy
strength, referring to the disciples in the ship
when the winds were boisterous, " Why are ye
so fearful, oh, ye of little faith." Oh, that some
of the younger portion of that meeting may be
faithful to the pointings of their God. Dear
Phebe Roberts appeared afterward in a lively
testimony, and in the Quarterly Meeting I had
unexpeciedjy to ask that He would strengthen
the things that remain and are ready to die.
Dined with many Friends at Joseph Passmore's,
then proceeded on to B. W. Passmore's at Con-
cord. Here our kind Friends left us and re-
turned to West Chester.
Next morning. Seventh Month 20lh, we at-
tended Concord Monthly Meeting, small, but
having some living members in it. Rachel
Bennington appeared in a lively supplication,
that He would pardon our offences and pass by
our transgressions. The Lord's house is to be
builded of lively stones. "Seekest thou greaf
things for thyself, seek them not," was for my
second rising. After the Monthly Meeting an
adjourned Select Preparative Meeting was held,
where was Salkeld Larkin, over ninety years
old. I felt that a ripening influence was with
them that day and hoped some of them would
in the end be gathered as '• a shock of corn,
fully ripe, comelh in his season."
Our kind friends B. W. and R. G. Passmore
entertained R. and myself all night and in the
morning took us to Isaac Hall's. Charles met
us again in the afternoon, and on First-day we
attended Whiteland Meeting, stopping on the
way to see Susan Malin, a dear, innocent and
spirited aged Friend. The meeting very small.
I sat in doubt and conflict. At last entered into
a quiet feeling, and had to petition that none
might be like one formerly, saying, " I cannot
dig, to beg I am ashamed."
Dear Abby Hall followed in a lively com-
raunicatiou, and I was thankful. Jiseph Rob-
erts took us to the home of his parents, Jacob
and Phebe W. Roberts, to dine. Here was an
interesting family, and it was so pleasant to be
with them. We proceeded homeward that af-
ternoon, and Second-day being our own Quar-
terly fleeting we attended it.
(To be contlnuea.)
The Cup and the Fountain. — A certain
man placed a fountain by the wayside and he
hung a cup near to it by a little chain. He was
told some time after that a great art critic had
found much fault with its design. "But," said
he, "Do many thirsty [icrsons drink at it?" Then
they told him that thousands of poor men, wo-
men, and children slacked their thirst at this
fountain ; and he smiled and said that he was
little troubled by the critic's observations, only
he hoped that on some sultry summer's day the
critic himself might fill the cup, and be refreshed,
and praise the name of the Lord. He is my
fountain, and here is my cup: find fault if yoii
please; but do drink of the water of life. I
only care for this, I had rather bless the soul
of the poorest crossing-sweeper or rag gatherer,
than please a prince of the blood, and fail to
convert hitn to God. — C. H. Spurgeon.
For "The Friend.'
Notes of a Trip in tlie North Carolina
Mountains.
[A botanical friend has kindly placed at our
disposal his notes of a trip made last summer
toRoan Mountain, in Kortli Carolina. Although
the main object of his excursion was botanical,
yet we hope that even those who are not espec-
ially interested in Botany will find matter of
interest and information in the descriptions of
the scenery and of the character and liabits of
the inhabitants of those mountain regions. —
Ed.]
Having an opportunity for a couple of weeks
vacation this summer, I decided to visit the
mountains of North Carolina, my main objec-
tive point being Roan Mountain. This moun-
tain is one of the great Smoky Range, with an
altitude of about six thousand four hundred feet
above the sea level, and is partly in North Caro-
lina and partly in Tennessee. It has long been
favorably known to botanists, not only, I think,
on account of its interesting flora, but perhaps
also from its having on its summit a hotel — an ac-
commodation in which it is probably unique
among Southern mountains. The most direct
method of reaching it is by means of the East
Tennessee, Virginia and Georgia Railroad,
which lands passengers within twelve miles of
the summit. Another method, however, is to
go to some point on the Southern Railway, and
then, afoot or on horseback, do the rest over
the mountains. I decided upon the latter, as
likely to introduce me better to the mountaineer
life.
Leaving Philadelphia on the evening of Sev-
enth Month, 18th, the next morning the train
was in Southern Virginia, and the view from
the car windows included many sights peculiarly
Southern. Tobacco and cotton in the fields;
chinquapins and sour-wood in the woods ; and
among the few flowers which I could recognize,
because of the swift movement of the train, the
passion flower {Pasdflora incarnata) and a large
blue pea-blossom, which I fancy was the Spurred
Butterfly-pea {Centrnsema Virgin iona) were pro-
minent. Changing cars at Salisbury, N. C,
there was an hour or two at my disposal which
I occupied with a short walk in the neighbor
hood of the station. A species of Bindweed
( Convolvulus arveiisis) and Silphium aslcrigcus
(the latter a showy composite and near relative
to the rosin-weed or compass-plant of the West)
were noticed, as well as the beautiful orange-
red bells of the Virginia creeper hanging from
tree tops.
A k\v hours later the train deposited me at
Marion, N. C, a little town with some preten-
sions to being a summer-resort, at the foot of
the Blue Ridge. This is a point of departure
for mountain parties bound for Mt. Mitchell or
the Roan. The country roundabout is some-
what of the nature of Oak barrens, and its flora
comprised many plants familiar to nie near
Philadelphia. A plant which I took to be
Polygala XiUtallii, grew in abundance in the
dry woods; and I was interested in noticing
the delightful odor of wintergrten exhaled by
the roots when fresh ])lucked. The perfume,
however, was evanescent, not lasting over a few
moments. The sweet-scented golden-rod (Soli-
claffo oilora) was also noticed ; and a handful
of the leaves put in my pocket retained their
pleasant perfume for many days.
A prominent feature of the Southern woods
I found to be the sour- wood (O.vydendrum ar-
boreum) which at the time of my visit was in
bloom, or in early fruit. The flowers are borne
in long slender one-sided racemes, drooping and
curving upward at the end ; and at a distance
the trets present somewhat the appearance of
little chestnut trees, because of the character of
the inflorescence.
My route from Marion was due north. The
flora for a half a day was very similar to that
of the Jersey pine-barrens. Golden Aster
{Chrysopsii Mariana), Wild Flax {Limtm Vir-
giniaiium), the Flowering Spurge (Euphorbia
coroUata), St. Andrew's Cross (Ascyruin crux-
Andreae), Goat's Rue (Tephrosia Virginiana),
Wild Indigo {Baptisia tindoria) and the smaller
Sumac (Rhus copalliiia}, with the Tick-trefoil
(Desmodium nudiflorwn) were noted, either in
fiowerorfruit. On theedgeofthe wood<Sc/tra»!^-ia
angvstata was found in bloom, — a curious plant,
procumbent on the ground, thorny, and with
little balls of delicate pink flowers. Its close
relationship to the Mimosa is betrayed by the
speed with which its leaves close when the plant
is touched, as well as the peculiar character of
its blooms.
Among the plants not common around Phil-
adelphia, the chinquapin, the Virginian Catch-
fly (Silene Virginiea) and the purple Houstonia
(H. purpurea) were frequently seen. The Vir-
ginia Catch-fly was particularly noticeable along
wooded roadsides, by reason of its brilliant red,
star-like flowers.
Travellers in the North Carolina Mountains
need expect no hotel accommodations away
from the railroads. The custom is to stop at
private houses and take such fare as may be
offered them. My first stop was at the hospita-
ble residence of the postmaster of North Cove.
The North Carolina mountaineers appear to be
of two well-marked classes, — those termed the
" well-doing people," who, while poor, are thrifty
and cleanly, and another class whose character-
istics are quite the reverse of this. The cabins
of the latter sort are not very inviting, and, il
possible, would best be passed by by travellers on
account of the dirt. Everywhere in the moun-
tains I found milk and honey and corn-bread
to be the staple fare, with sometimes a bit of
bacon and a few vegetables, such as green beans,
or squash, added. Buttermilk is always found
in the mountain cabins, and is nearly always
good, probably from the fact that churning takes
place every day.
My postmaster friend was a man of decidedly
the better sort— intelligent and sociable. 1
passed a comfortable night under his roof, anr
left in the morning refreshed by the quiei
night's rest and the simple wholesome fare. jM}
bill for two meals and lodging was thirty cents
This place was in what is called the North Covi
— a valley between the Blue Ridge and the hiv.
line of the Linville MountSin. My road nex
day ran close to the noisy mountain streaii
which is the North Fork of the Catawba River
and in one of whose shady pools I took are
freshing dip towards noon. A species of Al
um Root [Heuchera villosa) was abundant or
the rocks; the Angelica-tree (Aralia spinosa
I saw for the first time — a very attractive shrul
or small tree, easily recognized by its immenS'
divided leaves and prickly branches, and the
yellowish green flowers borne at the top of thi
tree in a large compound panicle. On a ra '
unkempt and unattractive looking hillside
came upon a little colony of Pogonia pendvki
a very attractive orchid which I had nevei
seen before. It was especially interesting fc
find it in the tangle of coarser plants, amid rock
and thorns. It seemed to speak of the Divin
First Mo. 16,1897
THE FRIEND.
203
j impartiality, so much beauty set down in the
I midst of so mucli ueglect.
Travelling northward in the North Cove is a
I good deal like travelling downwards in the let-
I ter V,— the line of the Blue Ridge on the one
; side and of the Linville Jlountaiu on the other
j being as the two sides of the letter, which con-
; verge at a point known locally as the Winding
i Stairs, an extremely steep hillside, which is
I climbed by means of a zigzag path.
In the upper part of this cove Melanthium
parviflorum, a characteristic Southern plant,
somewhat like our green Hellebore, but with
smaller flowers, was growing: also, on limestone
rocks a little patch of the Wall Rue Spleenwort
I [Aspleniiim Rida-miiraria). At the top of the
' Winding Stairs, probably the most inconspieu-
I 0U3 of our native orchids, with certainly the
' most ungainly name (il/tcros^^fc ophioglos^oldes)
was in bloom. New Jersey tea, both in flower
and fruit, was abundant on this hillside (C'ea-
I nothus Americaniis).
< It coming on to rain, I stopped for the even-
I ing at about four o'clock (Seventh Month 22ud)
at Franklin's, a house in the woods on top of
I the Blue Ridge. This is a place of more than
iordinar}' pretensions, as mountain houses go.
;I had a wood fire and a bed in the parlor, and
my bill for supper, lodging and breakfast
amounted to sixty cents, which was twice the
ordinary charge. Franklin's is the usual stop-
ping-place for people who visit the Falls (jf the
Linville River, which are about half a mile
(distant, and form one of the attractions to visi-
tors. The road the next morning took me down
[the Blue Ridge and west over the Toe River,
iwhose rapidly flowing waters I crossed on foot
jlogs. It rained most of the morning and made
ibotauizing a rather discouraging pastime. I was
■gratified, however, to find Clethra acaminata, a
small tree bearing spikes of white flowers, with
a faint perfume. It is a cousin of the sweet-
pepper bush, which is common in the Jersey
, barrens. The streams which I crossed to day
were all bound for the Gulf of Mexico ; yester-
day they ran easterly toward the Atlantic.
Cane Creek Mountain was crossed in the after-
noon, but everything being wet (including my-
self), the country passed through did not re-
ceive the attention it deserved. Nevertheless,
in a brush-pile the brilliant orange spike of the
yellow-fringed orchis {Habenaria eillark) was
noticed and went into the portfolio; also at the
top of the mountain, Gerardia laevigata dis-
played its yellow trumpets. The interesting
feature of Cane Creek Mountain was a small
mica mine which I passed. The woikers of it
were a young man and a young woman, of the
more shiftless mountaineer class. The man,
with whom I had some conversation, did not
know what became of the mica after it reached
a point about five miles from the mine. He
?ot five dollars a ton for it, and his interest
seemed to cease with that.
. I went dinnerless that day, save for a pint of
outtermilk obtained through dint of persever-
mce from the <lenizens of a wretched cabin.
This evening (Seventh Month 23rd) was
••pent at a point three miles from Bakersville,
lod about eight or nine miles from the summit
jf the Roan, in a long dilapidated house in-
habited by a blacksmith and his family. I was
lecDmmodated here with a small piece of hair-
^omb, the first I had seen since leaving Marion.
My host dissuaded me from going through
Bakersville, as I had intended, in order to
:-each the R lan, and put me on what he called
It shorter route. The morning was fortunately
sunshiny, and botanizing became possible again.
One of the most conspicuous plants along the
ruad was the American Bellflower ( C'<(w/>a«i//a
Americana), its tall, graceful spires of blue
l)losson)s making a very cheerful ornament in
the I'ence-rows. Another plant which had hith-
erto been a stranger to me (though not uncom-
mon further nonh) was Actinomeris nquarrona,
a tall, slender composite, with winged stems
and yellow-ray flowers, which hung downward
almost perpendicularly. By a shady stream a
curious plant, with lower leaves fully two feet
across, and heads of blue berries, borne on bright
red pedicels, attracted my attention, and prove<l
to be the umbrella leaf (Z'/yjAyWeia cyinom), a
characteristic Southerner. A farmer on horse
back, travelling up the mountain to get his cra-
dle, which a neighbor had borrowed and failed
to return, bore me company for a couple of
miles, and hospitably insisted on my riding his
horse, he dismounting and walking till his des-
tination was reached. By three o'clock I was
fairly on the side of the Roan. I was interested
to find the Shad-bush, as we call it in the North,
here growing to the height of a good sized tree.
Its berries were ripe and were quite refreshing
a'fter the hard climb through an almost perpen-
dicular mountain meadow. The man who ac-
companied me spoke of the berry as "' sarvices"
— corruption of" service berry," by which name
the tree sometimes goes. Further up the mo\in-
tain Cacalia renifonnis, a Eapaloriam with
drooping corymbs of white flowers, which I took
to be E. aromalicum, the red Turtle-head (Che-
lone obliqua) were found. By a mountain brook
a meadow rue {Thalictrum clavatiim) grew. This
is one of the most attractive of the meadow-rues,
and diflfers from our Northern varieties in hav-
ing perfect flowers. The little crescsnt-shaped
seed-vessels are quite attractive.
(To be continued.)
The Exercise of a Past Generation.
"At a Yearly Meeting held in Philadelphia
E. E. said in substance, she
has felt a concern on her mind during the sit-
tings of both to day and yesterday, and she
feared to leave the meeting without expressing
it. She had remembered the words of the
prophet, ' Lo, I will command, and I will sift
the house of Israel among all nations, like as
corn is sifted in a sieve, yet shall not the least
grain fall upon the earth.' It is a time of com-
motion, of shaking among all religious denomi-
nations; not one was exempted from it in some
shape or other, as far as she knew. The true
Israel of God, of which our Society forms a part,
is undergoing a sifting, and the language of
many hearts had been, 'Let not thy hand stop
for our crying, till all impurities are taken
away.' Many of us had sorrowfully felt, and
her heart had been made sick with tiie want of
unity of feelings, the unsettlement there was
among some, and the dissatisfaction of others.
There had Ijeen a hushing up, a covering up,
a putting the evil day afar otf", but the time was
drawing near when it would have to be shown
what and where we were. Though we had to
appearance been getting along smoothly from
year to year, yet hundreds had felt that there
was an undercurrent of dissimulation and in-
sincerity, of putting on two faces, using two
languages, according lo the company .some were
in. She had remembered the disciples were
commanded not to take two coats. Many had
been made to drink of the wine of astonishment.
If any were dispose 1 to think hardly of her, or
to sav hard things of her, she desired to be able
to bear it. The Lord would have a people
witliMUt >pot or blemish, or any such thing.
'J'he chart' must be sifted from the wheat, but
she was comfijrted by the assurance that not
one grain ol the solid, substantial wheat should
fall to the ground ; nothing but the chaff should
fall to the ground, nothing but the chart' would
fly. He will sift again and again. The lan-
guage of her heart had been, grievous as it
might be to endure, ' Oh, I^ord, if Thou wilt
extend thy arm arouml us and encircle us, and
hold us np, then carry on thy ble.ssed work to
purify us.'
The dear young people, she said, had claimed
her most teniler sympathy. She believed many
of them were deepening in the roi;t, notwith-
tanding they had been surely puzzled at the
difference of opinion, and also to account for
many things that had passed and were passing.
Some were ready to .seek in other Societies for
the rest they found not in their own. But it
would not do to look outward. The watchword
was, 'Abide in the patience a little longer,
and your deliverance, our deliverance, will be
wrought.' Th(mgh we might seem to be in a
narrow jilace ; as with the Red Sea before and
the bands of the Philistines behind, the Lord
will make a way for us when we can see no way,
and will again enable our Society to enjoy her
salvation, as in former times. The Lord is
on his way to open the prison doors, where those
who, like Joseph, are bound in prison, who have
been let down int(j the pit where there is no
water, who have been hated and sold of their
brethren, shall be set free. The Lord will sift
again and again, and the chaff will fly, but hun-
dreds will be planted like Joseph, as a fruitful
vine by the side of the well, whose branches
run over the wall. The archers have sorely
grieved him and shot at him and hated him,
but his bow abide in strength and the arm of
his hands were made strong by the hands of
the mighty God of Jacob."
H.iZEX S. PisGREE, Mayor of Detroit and
Governor-elect of Michigan, began his career
cutting leather soles ten hours a day at the rate
of four dollars a week. Though now a middle-
aged man, he was entirely unknown till about
eight years ago, when he was requested to run
for the JIaycjralty of Detroit by the Republi-
cans, who were then in a small minority. This
nomination, given as an empty compliment, not
to say jest, was taken by Mr. Pingree in earnest ;
and after a remarkable canvass, in which he
preached reform night and day, he found him-
self elected. His first reform was to reduce fares
on the street cars to three cents. The corpora-
tions ridiculed this idea ; but the Mayor boarded
a car, offered three cents to the conductor, was
put off, brought suit against the company, after a
two vears' litigation the desired reduction was ac-
complished. His next moves were to gain for
the city control over its public lighting, to se-
cure cheaper gas for consumers, and to have the
streets paved directly by the Board of Public
Works. These acts have made him both the
enemy of the corporations and the idol of the
people. The " potato patch" movement, how-
ever, was the thing that turned all eyes on the
" Hon. Potato Pingree," as The Sun calls him.
It has proved financially successful, as it has
supported thousands of persons in whatever city
the scheme has been tried, and likewise socially ;
for the police records show a remarkable dimi-
nution in crime in those localities from which
the liibnrers were drawn, and, which had been
previously the worst in Detroit.
204
THE FRIEND.
First Mo. 16, 1897
The
Fob "The Fkiend."
The Story of My Life.
BY WII.l.IAMjrAYl,OR.
iihor of this book was born in_ 1821,
vas descended from Scotch-
in Virginia. He
Irish ai.ce=t<.rs. The family were members
among the Presbyterians. But being seriously
impressed l)y the labors of some Methodists, he
joined in membership with that body. He was
full of zeal, and became so burtheued ou ac-
count of the peril of unsaved souls that he be-
came very unhappy, until he was relieved by
came very unhapi. ,
which the Spirit said to h
Jly
child, you are needlessly disturbing your mind
about the work God has for you to do. 1 ou
must tarry at Jerusalem till endued with pow-
er from on high. Then God will call you as
He did Jonah, when He said distinctly, 'Arise,
o-o to Nineveh, that great city.' " " The pro-
phetic mention of Junah, by anticipation, so
tilled me, that I sprang up, and the peace ot
God pervaded my spirit, so that I gave myself
no further trouble on the subject of preaching,
but left it all to God."' .
In 1M2, William Taylor was appomted a
junior preacher, to assist in one of the Virginia
circuits. He thought it his duty to witness for
Jesus to every one with whom he was brought
into contact. In regard to these opportunities,
he says, "The Lord often helped me, but some-
times I missed it nearly as far as the pious
barber who felt it his duty to talk to every man
about his soul who came to be shaved. In many
cases it worked very well, but one day, when a
very highly cultured gentleman came in to be
shavedj^the barber's courage failed him. He
spent a long time in applying the lather to the
gentleman's face, and then strapped his razor
to sharpen his courage, till the lather on the
man's face was nearly dry ; then turning sud- 1
deuly towards the gentleman, razor in hand,
the barber said, 'Are you prepared to die, sir?'
The man sprang to his feet and ran away in
great alarm, thinking the barber had gone crazy
and was going to cut his throat."
As an illustration of his earnestness, when
the bishop was making the appointment for
service, and William was asked where he would
like to be sent to, he replied, " Xot to a fat,
flourishing circuit, but to one where there are
plenty of sinners."
In the fall of 1848, in Baltimore, Bishop
Waugh asked Taylor if he would be willing to
go to California as one of two missionaries, who
were to be sent to that field. Taylor replied
that he had always been ready to accept any
appnintment under the appointing authority of
his church. The bishop told him to consult
his wife.
"So I went to our parsonage. Anna met
me at the ilonr, and I said, ' Bishop Waugh
wants to send us as missionaries to California ;
what do you think of that?' She was soon pre-
pared to consent. After much delay, owing to
the difficulty of finding passage, tickets were
purchased on a clipper shiji of Baltimore for
San Francisco, and that j)ort was reached in
the Ninth Month of 184;»."
The day after casting anchor, Taylor went
ashore to .see the situation. There was not a
brick house in the town and but few of wood,
and they were constructed mainly of lumber
from drygoods boxes. There were three or four
adotie houses, but a vast encampment in tents
of about twenty thousand men and ten women.
After diligent enquiry he found a few Metho-
dist.' and a place of worship.
sfr£„rr'rL"i rSet 'r,™^ ■ pS "'of fei"^ ^o™... w™.- t.,,.,
toes were fifty cents per pound, South American
apples fifty cents a piece, fresh beef fifty cents
a pound, tiour fifty dollars a barrel, and so on
Rents were high, five hundred dollars a month
for a plain house a story and a-half high, with five
rooms. It was decided to build a house, and
Taylor went to the woods with axe and wedges
to split out timber. The scautlings which he
bought in the rough, split out like large fence
rails, he hewed to the square with a broad axe.
He made three thousand shingles, and exchanged
them
for twenty-four joists, each seventeen
feet long. For weather boarding he bought
rou^h clap boards, six feet long, and shaved
them smooth with a drawing-knife. He used
similar boards for the roof. Hauling his stufl
from the Red woods to the San Antonio land-
ing cost twenty-five dollars per thousand feet ;
the regular price from thence to San Francisco
was fo'rty dollars per thousand, but by hiring a
boat and working with his own hands, he got
the work done for less than half that amount.
Having made arrangements for a temporary
absence from home, Taylor visited San Jose
and Santa Clara. His experience at the latter
place furnishes an illustration of his zeal.
" One of the old adube houses of the deserted
mission was at the time of my untimely visit
bearing the name of Reynold's Hotel. After
seeing that my horse was well fed, I was con-
ducted into the bar-room, where a jolly lot of
gamblers were employed in card-playing. By
the time I got thawed out and refreshed by a
good supper they got through with their game
and gathered around the tire, which was kept
blazing in an old time chimney place. I took
a seat in their midst and led in a conversation
about the varieties of life in San Francisco,
which led on to the description of the sick men
in the hospitals there, and of their varied ex-
periences, living and dying.
"None of my bar-room associates knew me,
but listened with close attention to my facts
illustrative of the real life of California adven-
turers. Finally, one said, 'Come, boys, let us
go to bed.' Another replied, ' Yes, but we
must have another nip before we turn in.'
" I said, gentlemen, if you have no objections,
I propose we have a word of prayer together
before we retire.
"They looked at me and at each other in
manifest surprise, and I looked at the bar-keep-
er, who was standing ready to sell a 'nip' of
brandy to each one, at twenty-five cents apiece.
After a little pause, the barkeeper replied, ' I
suppose there is no objection, sir.'
"Thank you, sir. Come, boys, let us all
kneel down as we used to do with the old folks
at home, and ask the God of our fathers and
mothers to have mercy on us.
" They all kneeled down as humbly, and I
prayed for them, and for their kindred and
loved ones at home, but now so far away, with
dreaded possibilities, of never meeting again in
the flesh. I prayed earnestly that these ad-
venturous young men, and their fathers, moth-
ers, sisters and brothers far away, might all
surrender wholly to God, and receive Jesus
Christ and be saved, and be prepared for happy
reunions on earth or in Heaven.
"They took no more 'nips' that night, but
slipped off to bed without a word. I said no-
thing to them directly about their gambling
and drinking, but took the inside track of them.
1 met one of them next day in San Jose, and
nounced that he would preach at three P. M.,
on the plaza in the open, and to the gamblers
and all outdoor people who might wish to hear.
" It was a startling announcement, causing
fear and anxiety to most of my people. JNIost
of the gamblers were located on the north and
east side of the plaza, or public square. They
occupied the largest and best tents, followed by
the best houses in the city. Every saloon had
its bar and baud of music, and they were in full
blast every day and night of every week, and
Sunday was the greatest of the seven. Their
tables were loaded with piles of gold dust and
coin, surrounded liy crowds of gamblers and
sight seers.
"The gamblers were so numerous, and cora-
iianded so much money and influence they were
ibove all law, except the law of sin and death.
" It was no new thing for a man to be shot, but
ao arrests followed. There was not a jail in Cali-
fornia then, nor for two years after, and no
administration of government at all adecjuate
to the demands of justice, or the protection of
life.
"The country had just been bought from
Mexico, and was still under the forms of Mexi-
can law, with an alcalde to preside over the city
of San Francisco. So when I announced that
I would preach on the plaza it was feared that
the gamblers would take it as an insult and
shoot me. There was no legal protection or
redress. It would only be said next day, 'The
gamblers killed a Methodist preacher yesterday.
He very impudently went down to preach on
the plaza, and before he got fairly at it they
shot him.'
" At the time appointed, in company with
my heroic young wife, I walked down to the
plaza, and a few of my people followed. Seat-
ing my wife on a chair, I mounted a carpenter's
work-bench, which stood in front of the largest
saloon. My wife had a voice of peculiar melt
ing melody, and of marvelous compass, and
my own voice could be heard a long distance
so as soon as I mounted the workbench, I open
ed up on the Royal Proclamation:
Hear the royal proclamation.
The glad tidings of salvation,
Publishing to every creature.
To the ruined sons of nature—
Je>us reigns, He reigns victorious.
Over heaven and earth most glorious,
Jesus reigns !
" Restless hundreds of excitable men cann
running from every direction to see what uev
wonder under the sun had appeared. The gam ■
bling houses were nearly vacated. The crowi
surrounded me nearly a hundred deep on al
sides. I was in for it. 1 had crossed the ruhi
con ; the tiig of war was imminent.
"I said, Gentlemen, if our friends in th
Eastern States had heard there was to be preacl
ing this afternoon on Portsmouth Square, in Sa
Francisco, they would have predicted disorde
confusion and riot ; but we who are here hav
no thought of any such thing. There is no tni
American who may not be depended on to ol
serve order under the preaching of God's wor
anywhere, and maintain it if need be. W
shall have order!
" Your fiivorite rule in arithmetic is the nil
of loss and gain. In your tedious voyage aroun
Cape Horn, or your wearisome journey aero;
the plains, or hurried and perilous passage acr<
the Isthmus of Panama, and during your f^
First Mo. 16, 1897
THE FRIEND.
205
jmoiitlis of sojourn in California, yon liavc been
[figuring under the rule of loss and gain.
j "Now I wish most respectfully to subn
you a question under your favorite rule and
liave you work it out. The question I submit
|may be found in the twenty-sixth verse of the
sixteenth chapter of the Gospel of our Lord by
IMatthew. Shall I announce it ? ' What is a
bian profited, if he shall gain the whole world,
find lose his own soul ?'
I " Perfect order was observed and pnifuund
attention given to every sentence of the sermon
Jiat followed.
(To be continued.)
Thk progress of the reform of the Civil Ser-
vice in the last fifteen years is full of encoiirage-
uent to those engaged in purifying municipal
idniiuistration, in which the gains are some-
'imes almost balanced by the losses. Every-
;)ody knows that the attempt to put our national
ervice on a non-partisan, business basis has
lieen a long continuous fight against the friends
|if the spoils system. The first application of
[he system was on a very moderate scale, and
■t could only be extended gradually. Itencoun-
■ered open foes in Congress, who endeavored to
ireak it down by proposing to withhold the
'ppropriations necessary to carry it out, and by
ther methods. Its advocates were unspar-
ngly denounced as visionaries, and ridiculed as
snivel " service ref jrmers. But the reforia was
'rounded in common sense and on sound busi-
ness principles, and could not be overthrown.
f*resident Arthur had the honor of making the
Irst classification, which included fifteen thou-
jand positions. President Cleveland, in his first
prm, enlarged the list, and so did President Har-
|isoD. President Cleveland has again evinced
is friendship for the system in his second term,
ind we have now ninety thousand positions re-
lieved from the scramble of oHice hunters and
^•ee from partisan influences. The postmasters,
umbering seventy thousand or more, are still
iutside the classified list, but only a small frac-
;on of the executive service. The result is ex-
ii'emely gratifying. We owe to the members
jf the National Civil Service Reform League a
|ational debt of gratitude for its patriotic and
npaid service to this cause. At its recent
leeting in Philadelphia, President Proctor,
if the National Civil Service Commission,
ave valuable testimony to the results of the
lassified service in increased efficiency and
ionomy. He said in many cases one clerk is
ow doing satisfactorily the work that used to
e divided among a dozen or more, when men
::)t positions on other grounds than competency,
ind when the force was sometimes increased in
Irder " to eat up the appropriation." C. Schurz,
le President of the League, deserves great
■ouor for his persistent and able advocacy of
te principles of the merit srstoiu.— i/(t/e/:>eft-
mt.
The Pittsburgh Po.s;, of Twelfth Month first
imtains the following : " Frank A. Preble ap-
:3ared as complainant in the Middlesex court
I; a suit against the Waltham Orangemen's
dge and told of the rough treatment which he
iceived while being initiated by the officers.
;hey told him he must take off his outer clothing,
Jiich he did, and he entered the main hall clad
■ a shirt, white overalls and shoes. He was
ade to kneel down and repeat something, and
bile doing so the men took off his shoes. Then
■s clothing was rolled up to his knee^ and he
as marched about the hall while some one
hijiped his legs with rattan whips. He lesti-
fie<l that a bag of .••tones weighing forty pounM.s
was then put on hm shoulders and that he was
l)ulled to the floor, while some one sat on him
and jabbed him with pins or an icepick. He
was then made to go up a ste])laddcr, and from
this he lijll inf.) a blanket and was ' tos.sed.' Then
two men held him ami a red-hot iron was bnjughi
up airainst his breast. He struggled to get away,
but the two men held iiim while he was brand-
ed. Then some one said : ' Hold up your hands
and see if you can find a serpent,' and the ini-
tiation was over. He said that he was severely
burned and injured."— t'/ir(Ww«n Cynosure.
For "The Friend."
An Address to the Young.
A Friend has kindly placed in our hands an
address to the members of a reading circle,
which was organized a few years ago, and was
designed to increase the acquaintance and the
attachment of its members to the i>rinciples of
the Society of Friends.
Believing that it may be useful to others than
those to whom it was primarily addressed, some
passages have been extracted from it. It is
mainly occupied with a consideration of the
Queries read in our meetings for discipline, in
respect to which we all ought to examine our-
selves, and see how far we are living in accord-
ance therewith.
" The first great commandment under the
law and which is also recognized under the
Gospel is this, thou shalt ' Love the Lord thy
God with all thy heart and with all thy soul
and with all thy strength and with all thy
mind.' Now, if we possessed this love, would
we not seek to worship this object of our affec-
tions, would it not be our greatest delight to
be near Him, would we not rejoice to meet with
those who also love Him? and if He gave any
one of his children a word of encouragement,
comfort or warning for us, would we not thank-
fully receive it? Then surely our religious
meetings would be diligently attemled when we
had ability to do so, we would desire to be there
in good season, and our conduct therein will
manifest that we came to worship in spirit and
in Truth.
" Our dear .Saviour said, 'And the second is
like unto it. Thou shalt love thy neighbor as
thyself.' The man who inquired, Who is my
neighbor was answered by the parable of one,
who fell among thieves, that he, to whom we show
kindness is our neighbor, and this may include
the whole human family. We are asked in the
second Query to love those of the same household
of faith, those professing to believe the same truths
that we believe. Surely this should not be hard
to do if we love above all earthly considerations
that precious .Saviour, who suffered so much for
us, who died that we might live. The Apostle
John says. Whoso loveth God, loveth his brother
also. If we have this love in our hearts, there
will be no danger of giving way to lale bearing
and detraction, for we would not be willing to
injure any one by word or deed. We would
recommend to you the careful perusal of the
thirteenth chapter of I Corinthians as a guid-
ng rule for our lives.
"Drummond may well call this Divine love
The greatest thing in the world,' fir one im-
bued with its spirit would be kind, loving,
courteous, and it has been called the best rule,
even for that ceremonious kindness which ' the
world calls politeness." We hope we all fre-
quently read the Holy Scriptures and love the
cred truths contained therein, and we trust
are measurably caieful to avoid reading perni-
eiou.'i itubJicatioM.-, for the books we read have a
great inliuence uikim our minds, a- well as the
comi)any we keep, and both should be selected
from that only which is pure and elevating,
both to our snoral and Bpiritual character. We
believe we are called to plainness and simplicity
ill dre.ss, language and manners not <jnly aa
l*'riends but as Christians. The Apostle I'eter
wrote in his first general epistle, which niean.s
that it was addressed to all, ' Who.se adorning,
let it not be thai outward adorning of plaiting
the hair, and of wearing of gold, or of putting
on of a])parel, but let it be the hidden man of
the heart, in that which is not corruptible, even
the ornament of a meek and quiet spirit, which
is in the sight of God of great price,' an<l Paul
says in his fir^t epistle to Timothy, second
chapter, ninth verse, 'In like manner also, that
women adorn themselves in modest apparel,
with sbamefacedness and sobriety ; not with
broidered hair, or gold, or pearls, or cistly
array, but (^which becometh women profeissing
godliness) with gcjod works.'
" That the Most High did not consider the
adorning of the body as btueath his notice, we
find by the third chapter of Isaiah, sixteenth
verse, where the fashions of that day are enu-
merated and condemned, and ihougli it seems
.strange to us ot this day that such things should
ever have been :i tem]itatiou, will not many of
our present fashions seem just as strange in
years to come? We acknowledge that a plain
outward appearance will not save us, and sor-
rowfully that too many live inconr^istently with
the profession they are making, for those who
wear that distinctive dress do profess allegiance
to their dear Redeemer. Yet it is a hedge
about us that wards off many temptations, and
with the yearning love which our discipline
evinces for the members in every way, they
thought it right to bring the subject before us
every year.
" We see too the care of the Church over its
members in the Query, whether all intoxicating
liquors are avoided, all frequenting of taverns,
when not jiositively necessary, that we may be
kept out of the way of temptation, also from
all places of diversion, which includes much
that is evil, even when those of the less refined
sort are avoided. If we would never go into
anything where we could not ask his presence
to go with us and his blessing to rest upon it,
we would avoid much that is evil.
" Friends believe that when the dear .Saviour
said, 'Swear not at all,' He meant all kinds of
oaths, an<i the .Society had perhaps more to suf-
fer for this testimony in its early days than for
any other. The world at large, as well as our
own jjcople, are much indebted to the faithful-
ne-s of those valiant ones f )r the privib ge of
taking an affirmation instead of a judicial oath,
of which many avail themselves in this day.
" In regard to lotteries and prize goods the
thinking part of the community have also very
much come to our views, showing that if we
would be truly faithful to our principles, we
might influence others and thus aid in the ful-
filment of the prophecy that ' Righteousness
shall cover the earth as the waters cover the
sea.'
"But individual faithfulness is what is need-
ed. This would also ajiply to a paid ministry and
one e.^ereised at stated times, without waiting
for the Great Head of the Church to put them
forth and give matter suitable to the states of
the people, for He alone can know the nce.ls of
each one of us. Our S )ciely will never be built
up by departing from this vital principle.
206
THE FRIEND.
First Mo. 16, 1
'Freely ye have received, freely give.'is as in-
cumbent" upon U3 as it was on the disciples for-
merly.
" "What justice is manifested in the requiring
to live within the bounds of our circumstances,
to keep to moderation in our business, to be punc-
tual to our promises and just in the payment of
our debts ! Did it ever occur to you from what
trouble and perplexity, a faithful raainteuauce
of this Query would preserve us. If all lived so
carefully that they never spent more than their
circumstances would allow, if they kept their
business in such moderation, that they could
always feel safe if they made no promises that
they "could not reasonably expect to perform,
and contracted no debts that they had not the
means to pay, the fearful failures ami still worse
unfaithfulness to trusts, leading to actual rob-
berv, which have, alas, become so common of
late, would never have taken place.
" We ask, ' Lead us not into temptation,' but
we must be careful not to place ourselves in the
way of it. We need Divine help to do any
good thing, but we must do our part, must walk
in the vineyard of our own hearts and diligently
too, for the enemy sows tares among the good
wheat while we sleep or are at ease unsuspect-
ing. Then how lovini^ly if any of the members
are overtaken in a fault does the Church re-
commend, as the Apostle Paul did in Galatians,
chapter vi : that such an one ' be restored in
the spirit of meekness, considering thyself, lest
thou also be tempted.' "
For "The Friend."
Wiiting to a Friend in connection with his
views of Gospel ministry, James B.ickhouse re-
marks : " It was many years from the time of
mv beginning to speak in meetings, before my
Friends saw their way to record me as a minis-
ter; but I believe I was more alive to the causes
of hindrance in myself than they were, and this
kept me (]uiet and humbled under these cir-
cumstances. I have long endeavored to be very
sharp sighted to m_v own failings, and ready to
make all the allowance for those of others
which I could; and ready to hope, when they
were painfully conspicuous, that they troubled
them3:!lves more than they troubled m?. Wheth-
er I was mistaken or not, I think this has tended
to open thedoorforma to plead with them, and
as I have kept that mercy in view which has
passed over my oivu transgressions for Jesus'
sake, I have been enabled to commend them to
the s\nie mercy, and to extol the marvellous
loving kindness of the Ljrd in providing such
a way of return to Him of repenting sinners, as
well an his great goodness in granting the help
of his g))d Si)irit to all who truly seek it, to
enable t!>em to walk in holiness. There is no
doubt in my mind that our testimony, under a
right exercise of mind, will find its way in the
minds of others, much in proportion to the de-
gree in which we ourselves walk in the Spirit,
and consiiler ourselves, lest we also be tempted.
" We may point out the sinfulness of sin, and
the dangjr of an unawakene 1 state, and excite
opp)silioa in the mitids of others; but if as am-
bassadors for Christ, we also beseech them in
his stead to be reconciled to God, I believe much
of this opp )sition will not only give way, but
will be succeeded by a htjarkening to the mes-
sage.
"Our worthy fore-eldsr, Ge)rge Fox, though
he so fully recognize 1 the necessity of the put-
ting f)rth of the S;)irit in regard to ministr
often extended counsel to those who ha 1 r
ceived a testimony from the Lord, as to the e
ercise of their gifts, showing how conscious he
was of the importance of the understanding
being enlightened respecting the things needful
to be preached. And in this way I believewe
may be still helpful one to another, without im-
properly interfering with the gifts and exercises
one of another, or of attempting to limit their
diversity.
" I have apprehended that some who have
begun well as ministers have mistaken an ex-
tension of expression for a growth in their gifts.
We were reminded in one of the Yearly Meet-
ings of Ministers and Elders ' that there were
little gifts in many words, and great gifts in
few words.' A long communication, to be what
it ought to be, requires much matter and a pro-
portionate amount of the baptizing power of the
Holy Spirit accompanying the exercise, and the
expression. Eight exercise of mind, if express-
ed in simple terms, will, I believe, tend to edifi-
cation, but if it be made more of than it is, or
be beclouded through unduly mystical expres-
sions, the edification will be diminished and the
church may be burdened.
" While not doubting that matter for expres-
si(ni is often brought before the mind of the
party whose duty it is to utter it in the words
in which it is to be communicated, nor by any
means wishing to interfere with right exercises
of any kind, yet I believe that generally much
of proper delivery depends upon the parties en-
gaged in the service. When I have anything
to say, under an apprehension of duty, either
in meetings for worship or discipline, it is my
practice to consider how far it is applicable to
myself, and in so doing I have often derived
advantage.
" While we recognize with George Fox the
infallibility of the teaching of the Holy Spirit,
it is important that with him we also recognize
the fallibility of those who have to be taught,
that ' we have our treasure in earthen vessels,' and
that a needful degree of care is required to be
exer^-ised, lest the sound of these earthen vessels
should be confu>ed with that which is given to
be communicated. Some of us have had many
humbling lessons to learn on these subjects; but
where there is a teachable, meek and humble
spirit this ought not to discourage us. The
calmness in which the voice is preserved in a
natural ton?, is valuable also in helping to keep
the mind to the anointing, under which ability
is received to clothe the exercise in words ac-
cording to the diversity of gifts, so that the ex-
pression may be with the spirit and with the
understanding also.
" While Gospel ministry does not indeed con-
sist in attention to the voice and manner, but
in a right exercise of the gifts of the Spirit,
under its renewed anointing ; voice and man-
ner do require such a measure of attention as
may prevent their diverting the minds of the
hearers from what is spoken."
The accidental arrival in New Zealand oi
two poisonous snakes among ballast from Queens
land and South America alarmed tha olonists,
f )r the islands c )ntain no native venouKjus rep-
tiles, though the climate is, in places, well fitted
fir them. The result of the alarm was that
Parliatuent passed an act subjecting to heavy
penalties any one importing dangerous serpents.
— Lute Paper.
" With Silence tmly as their ben.->iiii-tion,
G'lri's iinsels cntne
Where in the shn.low .if a gr.^at nffliclion,
I The soul sila iluiub !"
I -/. G. WhiUicr.
Ceijie, Pauperism and Insanity. — The
Massachusetts Legislature of 1894 ordered the
Bureau of Statistics of Labor to make a tho-
rough persontil investigation of the relation ot
the liquor traffic to pauperism, crime and insan-
ity. The collection of information occupied the
year closing Eighth Month, 189.5. Horace G.
Wadlin, chief of the Bureau, has just publishefl
the results, summarized as follows :
1st. Of all convictions for crime, eighty-twc
cases out of every one hundred were induced
by intemperate habits; sixty-six out of ever)
one hundred convictions were for drunkeness
Of all adults convicted of crime, ninety-six oul
of every one hundred were " addicted to the use
of liquor."
2nd. Fifty-three towns and cities licensed thf
sale of liquor, and showed 36.24 arrests foi
drunkenness per one thousand of population
two hundred and sixty towns and cities refuset
to license, and showed only 9.94 such arrest
per one thousand population. For offences othe
than drunkenness in the license cities and town
there were 22.34 of every one thousand of popu
lation, while in no-license cities and towns ther
were 10.26 of every one thousand.
3rd. Where the same towns and cities change:
from licensed to no-license or vice vena, a coi
responding change in the number of arrests re
suited. Thus, in Haverhill, Lynn, Medford
Pittsfield and Salem, under license, the raontl
ly arrests averaged 81.63 in each one thousan
of population ; under no license, 26.50 ; in Lyu
under license, three hundred and fifteen ; uudt
no license, 117.63; in Medford under liceusi
20.12; under no license, 13.25; in Fittstiel
under license, 95.25 ; under no license, 36.75
in Salem under license, 140.50 ; under no 1 '^
cense, 29.63. ]
Personal Sarcasm Generally Don't Pa''
— There is great temptation to people somewhi
gifted in that direction to indulge in sarcasir
and it sometimes requires considerable dete
mination to resist doing it, but as a general ru
it don't pay.
When we first entered good old Dartmoul
college we were appointed to represent our cla
in a debate with a member of each of the othi
classes, and the Junior, opposing disputan
thought he would (and didj make consider
ble laughter at our expense, by quoting M
ton's " Paradise Lost." He finally closed I
saying that " for an angel, we had accomplis
ed very little in the way of argument."
We brought down the house with cheers I
simply replying that " we believed we had a
complished one thing that had never been a
complished but once before in the history of t
world, and that was when an angel opened t
mouth of Balaam's ass."
During the rest of his college course it w
not uncommon to hear him called out to on t
foot-ball ground, " Go it, Balaam."
But he never spoke to us again from th
day, ana probably remembered it against us !
the rest of his life.
It would have been better not to have said
Sarcasm, generally don't pay, unless it be
the pleasunt kind used by an Irishman to 1
employer — a coal dealer — who proposed to d
charge him because "He couldn't learn b
anything."
" Well, I've learned one thing since I've be
with you," said Pat, '• What's that?" "Ti
eighteen hundred m.ike a ton."
Pat was retained. — George T. Angell, in C
Dumb Animalg.
\
First Mo. 16, 1897
THE FRIEND.
For "The Frikni
Westtown Old Scholars' Association.
On the evening of Twelfth Month loth, 189G,
'a meeting was held in the Select School Build
ling, Philadelphia, to organize an association to
be composed of the old scholars, teachers, com
uittee, Friends and others who have been cnn
'leeted with Westtown Bourding School. About
^hree hundred and fifty persons were present.
AM ages were represented, from those who at-
(ended school many years ago, to young men
md women who were recently educated in that
institution. It was decided to call the new or-
ranization the Westtown Old Scholars' Associa-
lion. Interesting addresses were made by well
icnown Friends, who recalled their early days,
md who spoke in terms of deep affection of tlieir
•outhfiil experiences, and of the present useful-
iess of We.-^ttowu.
' The belief was expressed by those present
jhat many advantages may flow from such an
[.ssociation as is projected. It is intended to
|:eep its operations within a scope that will be
jatisfactory to Friends. The contemplated bi-
ennial reunions are pleasantly anticipated, af-
nrding as they will, opportunities of reviving
lid friendships, and the creating of renewed
'oncern for the school, from revisiting it. There
•re many of our members who are little ac-
uainted with the new Westtown, and who after
' personal inspection of it, will be surprised and
jelighted to observe its present efficiency.
It is hoped that the producing of a new in-
|3rest in Westtown, will result in some Friends
*;eling to a larger extent than heretofore, their
'asponsibility in connection with the School.
it is felt that when personal interest has been
xcited, and the Institution is thereby more
|]lly appreciated, some will in the future, be
liore likely to send their children there, tlian
|i the past. The result should be an enlarged
bll of scholars. Nor should the financial possi-
ilities be lost sight of. The new association will
B backed by men and women of more or less
ealth, and it is hoped that it will be in a posi-
>on to co-operate with the committee and fac-
|lty io helping to supply the pecuniary de-
Unds made on a never over-full treasury. The
•sociation was urged to aid in continuing to
Maintain Westtown as a place where Q,uaker
nnciples shall be inculcated, and be a means
I upholding a high moral and religious stand-
i'd in the surrounding community.
A constitution and b}'-laws were adopted at
ie meeting, and the necessary officers elected
r the ensuing year. A large number, two
jmdred and thirty-four, of those present, joined
!e association. The constitution proviiles for
(mual meetings to be held alternately in Phila-
I'lphia and at Westtown in the summer.
The membership fee consists of One Dollar
JT annum. It is hoped that old Westtonians
ill join, however much they may be scattered,
td thus again get into touch with the venerable
sbool to whicTi many of them are so largely
idebted. Annual fees, or donations of large or
Eiall sums, will be applied to the uses of the
fhool or association, when sent to the Treas-
I'er, Walter J. Buzby, Twelfth and Chestnut
fleets, Phila. W.m. C. Allen.
(MooRESTowN, N. J., Twelfili Monlh 23rd, 1S96.
A Comparison. — " I have many tlmesthought
!|-oul rightly influenced and affected with the
he of God, is like the needle touched with
tii loadstone; that which ever way it turns,
Tits not, nor settles till it comes to its true
cure."— 3/. Peisley.
Forestry.
A friend has kindly placed in our hands the
Report for IbU.') of the Pennsylvania Depart-
ment of Agriculture, on the subject of Forestry.
It states that the most important water-sheds of
the State are those of the Delaware, Susquehan-
na and Ohio liivers. The areas of these within
the boundaries of Pennsylvania are, of the Dela-
ware River, 0,4-1:! square milts; of the Susque-
hanna, 21,001) square miles; and that of the
Ohio, 14,747 square miles.
It a])jjears to be well established that the pres-
ence of forests tends to lessen disastrous Hoods.
Their ofllast leaves and twigs and their dtad
trunks decay quicker in the moist air of the forest
than on the o])eu field, forming a loose, thirstful
mold. Their damp shade favors the growth of
moss, another strong water drinker. The matted
floor keeps the soil tender and o])en in texture,
thereby promoting absorption ; whereto likewise
the deep-going tree roots give turtlierarire, by
making channelsdownward iutu the uiuhr earth.
Side roots and the tangled surface cumlier and
retard the How of water after heavy rains, and
these all work together in holding back waters
which would else make flood.
Pennsylvania was originally one of the best
wooded States in the Eastern half of the Union.
For years she stood first as a lumber producing
State. On the lower grounds brjrdering the rivers
in the southeastern part of the State, the most
valuable timber was White Oak or White Pine
in the northeastern portion.
Professor Rothrock states that official returns
estimate the amount of cleared land as alxnit
16,000,000 acres and of woodland about O.ooo,-
000. But much of this woodland is destitiiie uf
any timber of commercial value. In iiuiiiuns
of Luzerne, Lackawanna and adjacent counties
there exists an area of about 970 square miles,
or an aggregate of 620,800 acres, which may
be regarded more as a menace to the prosperity
of the commonwealth, than as an element of
strength to it. IMost of this region was once
covered with a dense and valuable forest ; now
it is fast becoming depopulated, fur tie snil is
poor and better adapted to forest grtuvth than
to the ordinary crops of the farmer. It is almost
a barren, and over it the fires sweep nearly
every year, destroying the young trees and ren
dering the soil more and more barren.
As some indication of the extent to which
this impoverishment of the laud has gune, the
amount of land advertised to be sold for unpaid
taxes in 1894 was over 1,. 500,000 acres. There
is a large area of land that has been cleared
and farmed, which has become unproductive,
because it is so steep and rocky that the fertility
has been washed out of it. Tlie only profiiable
use to which such lands can be appropriated is
the growth of timber, and as this is necessarily
slow, the State ought to encourage the owners
by exemption from taxation in whole or in part
of lands which are set apart for such growth.
The investigati(m of the Forestry Commission
showed that the State of Pennsylvania owned
no large bodies of land, and it recommends that
it acquire by purchase several large areas at
present unsettled, which might serve as collect-
ing grounds for the water required for future
cities. It suggests reservations, aggregating
about 1,400 square miles, principally in the
northeastern part of the State, which it would
be wi.-e for the State to secure.
One of the great difficulties iu replacing the
forests that have been cut down, is the difficulty
of preserving them from fire. The fires origin-
ate principally from two .sources — the railroads,
in burning tin ir old ties, are careless aiioiit jire-
venting the tires to escape into the tiiidjcr; and
tlie smaller farn]er.>?, iu burning brush and IngK
<lo not take .sufficient pains to prevent the fire
from spreading. In proportion as the rial lo.«.s
occasioned by their dtstructive agency c< mis to
be aiijireciaied by the pto|de generally, we may
expect increased care to guard against its rav-
ages. In the meantime, it stems right and rea-
sonable, that the Legislature .sliould adopt meas-
ures to protect its iind)er growers from this
source of loss.
The latter part of tlie report contains a de-
tailed list of llie native trees, which have a com-
mercial value, with remarks on their character-
istic qualities.
The value of the timber crops in Pennsyl-
vania exceeds that of the cereals; and as the
timber lands are being rapidly deprived of the
timber, the Commonwealth may in a few years
greatly feel the impoverishment. In adeiitioii
to the sawn lumber, produced in enormous
amounts, the quantity of hemlock used tosupply
the tannery with bark, the railroad ties, the
props used in the coal mines, and the wr)od
converted into pulp for paper making, all show
the importance of protecting the tfii)ris of na-
ture to replace the trees cut down bv others.
^__^ ■ J. W.
Ox HiMiLiTY. — Afier all, pride is a form of
ignorance. Could we but foi- irue nionieut un-
derstand the true relations of things — could we
grasp in all their fulness but for one fleeting
instaiit tli'i-( ideas which we so vaguely and
iiijperlectly apfirehend — could we Dow, in short,
as we hope we one day may, see face to face,
and know, even as we are known — then surely
pride would be an imjjossibility. What we
might discover to be roan's place in infinitude
— or our own place in the human family — we
cannot even guess; hut the chasm that sepa-
rates the fallible from the Infallible would
dwarf all minor distinctions, while the sudden
revelation of perfection in all its unapproacha-
ble majesty, would inspire us forever with a
feeling of awe-struck and adoring hurnility. —
Unirertsal Magazine of Second Mo., 1879.
THE FRIEND.
UK8T .MONTH IC, ISOT.
We have received a letter from a Friend in In-
diana, a member of one of the Progressive Yearly
Meetings which shows that there are still left
some under cur name in those parts who re-
tain an attachment to the original ])rinciples of
Friends, and mourn over the departures lliere-
from.
We subjoin some extracts from the letter. In
reference to the suggestion, that good might
result from visits among them paid by minis-
ters who hold to our doctrines, we believe it is
a safe ground to place our dependence upon the
work of Christ on the hearts of his people, and
to seek to be so imbued with his spirit as to bear
a faithful testimony by wordsand actions against
innovations which conflict with our original
principles. If Friends are faithful in doing
this, the Head of the Church may open the
wav for their relief and ble-ss their efforts, not
only to their own preservation, but also to the
help of others. This may tend to open the way
for the visits of those from other places, who
would prove fellow laborers in the cause of
Christ.
208
THE FRIEND.
First Mo. 16, 1S97
I am glad there are vet Friend, who have not
yet laid tide all of the old land.narks and who ad-
here to the good old principles ot George tox.
What our brauch of the Frieud's church (Progres-
sive) and other evangelical churches are standing
in need of most and the outside world is huuger-
ino- for is a simple-minded, holy, consecrated peo-
ple who have separated themselves from the wor d
and therefore are not like the world, and the wor d
can see and feel when they come in contact with
them there is something about them that they have
not got, and the lives of such people create a hun-
cering and a longing desire in the hearts ot those
who have not got such an experience that they,
too mi^-ht be so changed and brought into the
same experience also, there will be by such a holy,
consecrated people (Friends), a holy depending
upon God. The Holy Spirit to lead ns m our de-
votions to Hiui. When we meet to publicly wor-
ship Him there will be no program, no one man
to control the worship and say how or when we
shall pray and how long, and have the singing ar-
ranged to come in at stated times during worship,
and not unfrequently accompanied by the organ
or other music. We, the progressive Friends, have
practically laid aside one of the fundamental prin-
ciple« vei.doctrines, of the Society of Friends, that
is in tiie ushering in of the new dispensation, we
aVe all made kings and priests ;into God, and the
veil of the temple is rent so that we individually
may come into the holy of holies, and there wor-
ship Him in Spirit and in Truth, without any man
to teach us, for He the Holy Spirit has been given
to teach us. But how little we depend upon the
Spirit in our meetings for worship now ! Ihe teach-
in" and preaching in our branch of the church is
almost all of it to draw us away from a silent wait-
ino- upon Him, indeed, we do not have any silent
meetings any more, and when there should be any
silence we "get very restless and begin to look
around to see who will occupy the time; if nothing
eWewe will have singing to fill up the time.
Oh, how tired some of us are of this mechanical
way of worship; how we do long for something
that will feed the soul ; it often come-< to me, why
is it there are no ministers of your Yearly Meeting
that feel drawn to visit our meetings in the West
by appointment or otherwise. I believe there is an
opening out West for such ministers to do a great
deal of good. I am well aware there are a great
many with us who are not satisfied with a hired
pastor and other things equally as bad. Our last
Yearly Meeting entertained a proportion from
Kansas Yearly Meeting and appiinted a committee
to co-operate with other Yearly Meetings that may
appoint such committee to consider the subject ot
the compilation of a hymn book suitable tor use
among Friends.
The absolute security of these notes was never called
stioD, after the resumption of specie payments
reserve was being trenched upon to
in current revenue, broiigiit about
as the \Vils..nTarifflawof 1894."
tant the Pacific Railroad Refunding
ill the House hy a majority of si.tty-
in 18
"'J. 1
ntil Ibe
meet
deli
iencies
by w
Kit I
s kuuw,
On
the
lOlh in
bilU
asd
efeated
The general opinion
, that the action
the House will result in a resort_ to foreclosure pro-
ceedings by the Guvernment, which will be followed
by the sale of the debtor n ads to the highest bidder.
"There are about 4,-500 women physicians in tlie
United Slates. , ,,.,.»
Durin" 1895 there were received at the dead letter
office at Washington, 6,;io3,3(38 pieces of mail matter,
^33,860 being enclosed. Nearly 87 per cent, of this was
restored. . .
The results of a series nf experiments made for a
number of years at Cornell Universiiy were made
public last summer. These showed that the applica-
tion of electricity to the seeds and soil, and the use ot
arc-lisihts, at night so stimuhited the growth of plants
that ihev matured in one-half the time ordinarily re-
quired. "Applying this discovery, a fancy truck farmer
near Boston has tried similar methods, and finds that
the gain from one crop of lettuce is sufficient to pay
the expense of operating the electric apparatus during
a whole season. . „. . .
A novel course of college instruction is offered by
the Louisiana University, which, in its " Audobon
Suuar School," gives students pracieal and scientific
almost every part of the kingdom was never before
witnessed either in Dublin or out of it.
The Limdon Mail is authority foi the statement that
the Queen of England has become a teetotaller. Ui'
to three vears ago, the Queen partook of wines n
sparing q'uantities, but besan abstaining asan experi
, This was so satisfactory that she has drank n
icating liquors since. In other ways, the Queen
las given
evidence of her interest in
_ unst ihe liquor traffic.
Of Prussia's 68,000 school teachers, 9000 are wc
men.
Aicording to a recent census the population t
Greece is 2,418,000, or an increase of 230,000 ove
the figures of ISSO.
A despatch to the Exchange Telegraph Company
of London, from St. Petersburg says that the Czar i
suffering from the effiicts of overwork, and is about I
start for Livadia for a two months' sojourn.
The Times of India, in an article on /he bnboni
plasjue, which is ravag' ' '' *
outbreak of the ]
pop
ilation of Bonil ay h;
weeklv mortality li
tuition in sugar cu
tion. The •
se extends over
h students from
SUMMARY OF EVENTS.
United States.— The Anglo-American general ar-
bitration treatv was signed at ihe Stale Department
on the lOlh instant by Secrelary of State OIney and
Sir Julian Panncefote, the British Ambassailor. Two
cupies were signed. One was sent ti the Senate fir
ratification, and the other to LordSdisbury by special
messenger, who will sail for England.
X despatch of the 7th instant from Washington
states that the Canadian Government will send agents
to Washington within a week to consult the Republi-
can leaders on the subject of reciprocity. They will
come unofficially. Being a colony, Canada is debarred
from makin^r commercial or other arrangements with
foreign nations, and has to act in such mutters through
the Briti-li Foreign Olfne. Agents will have a talk
four years, and has become popii
"it'is estimated that at present there are 4.000,000
bicycle ri.lers in the United Slates, over 200,000 of
the'se in New York City ah.ne.
Statistics just made public show that in Massaehu-
sells, in spite of the Irollev car and the popularity of
the bicycle, the number of horses is greater hy 3,0So
than in' the vear preceding.
Last year'4,89t,176 bushels of wheat were exported
from Philadelphia, an increase over 1895 of 3,345,829
bushels. Exports of corn last year aggregated 8,900,-
332, as compared with 3,-i79,280 in 1895.
Deaths in this city last week numbered 513, which
is U more than ihe previous week, and 24 more than
the corresponding week of 1896. Of the foregoing,
270 were males and 243 females: 87 died of pneumonia;
(14 of consumpiion; 37 of heart disease; 24 of dipl
theria: 23 of bronchitis; 17 of typhoid fever
apoplexy; 16 of old age; 15
Bright's disease; 12 of cancer
I the brain; U of inflammatic
bowels, and 10 of nephiitis.
Mark,U, &c.-\J. S. 2's. 95 a 97 ; 4's, reg., llOi a
IIU; coupon, lllj a 1121; new 4's, 1201 a 120J;5s,
1141 'a 114| ; currency 6's, 100 a 105.
Cotton.— Middling uplands officially quoted at "jC
per pound.
Feed.- Spot bran ranged from $1000 to §10.75 per
ton for winter in bulk and spring in sacks.
PioUF —Winter super, $2^0 a $.3.10; do., extras,
-■;•■' ,-:';,n I\.„M.viv,,,:,. , ■:.,. rlear,$4.25a$4.40;
16 of
ilsions; 14 of
11 of inflammation of
of the stomach and
been reduced one-half and th
averaged 200 per 1000.
Copious rains have fallen in most of the faniin
stricken districts of India, but a great deal moie i
needed.
There are 870 prisons in Asiatic and Europeai
Russia, with the total number of 100,913 prisoners.
Heli Chatelain, the traveller in Africa, says thii
long the 200,000,000 people in the Dark Continent
50,000,000 are slaves.
The Transvaal Government has completed Us lul
against Great Britain, demanding indemnity for tli
Jameson raid. The amount of the Boer claim i
under £2,000,000.
Tlie popular impatience of Spain with the Govern
ment because of the failure to suppress the rebellion
in Cuba and the Philippine I-lands is daily increa^
ing. It is said the succession of the Liberals t.i powe
would not banish the distrust that prevails everj
where.
The Heraldo, as an instance i<i the death rate an^
Ihe sickness among the s(ddiers in Cuba, says that
column of 4000 men sent to the island at the begii
ningof Eleventh Month, numbered only 700 at tl.
end of that month. Many olher columns show siiu
lar losses from death and sickness.
Captain General Weyler is about to personall
direct decisive operations against the rebels in ih
provinces of Havana and Matanzas. It is also state
that he has given permission to sugar planters to r.
snme work on their estates.
A severe earthquake is reported from the .souther
part of the State of Oaxaca, Mexico, and along tl
Pacific coast. At Acapulco the shock deslroye I se>
eral houses, and ihree [lersons were injured by fallii
Hon
wbat terms.
Senator John Sherman writes to Albert II. Walker.
"1 do not sympathize with the movement prop, sed
to retire United Stales notes from circulati.n. I be-
lieve it is easy to maintain a liniiled amount of these
in circulation" without danger ordlfficulty. The main-
tenance in circulaiion of . $346,0011,000 Unileil States
noles, supported by a reserve of $10ti,0il0,000 gcdd, not
only saves the inle're.st on $246,000,000 of debt, but is
a vast convenience to the people at large. The be-t
form of paper money is ihat wliich is backed by the
Government and maintained at the specie standard.
;!,, , -lern winter. Clear,
^•"■y, , - I ... ' - I.: - 1.50 a $4.65; do.,
,'i,r, .,,,„! -i:-.:. .-.'-. -i M..- .■lear,$3.75a$4.10;
do., itrai^ht, $4,25 a $4.5t.l ; do., paleni, $4..55 a $4.75 ;
do. favorite brands, higher. City mills, extra, $3 25
a $3 05 ; do., clear, $4.25 a $4.50 : do., straight, $4.60
a $4 75; do., patent, $4.85 a $5 00. Rye Flouk.-
$2.75 per bbl. for choice Pennsylvania. Buckwheat
Floor.— $1.25 a$1.40 per 100 pounds, as to quality.
Grain.— No. 2 red wheat, 92| a 931c.
No. 2 mixed corn, 27} a 27ic.
No. 2 wbhe oats, 23} a 231c.
BEEr Cattle.— Extra, 4J a 5Jc.; good, 41 a 4i|c.;
medium, 41 a 4-;;c.; common, 4 a 4Jc.
Sheep AND LA>:r,s i:Kiv,,t', a 4ic.; good, 3Ja 4c.;
; . I "c; lambs, 4 a a%c
, :. c.nn., 5c.; State, 4i|c.
;, -,....!, .,1 r..isiol last week Sir
ach, < liancellor of the Excheq
perily of the country in 1896 even
be I medium, 31
Hor.s.-
ing;
He
lat the surplus would
generally expected.
,f the potato into Ireland three
Walter Raleigh was celebrated
1 show in the Rotunda, Dublin,
last week, under the auspices of the Irish Gardner's
the London FitW. A larger and
more meritorious collection of the different varieties
of the succulent tuber, "Ireland's staple food," from
Mexico's coffee crop will be a heavy one this yea
NOTICES.
A YOUSG WOMAN Fkiend desires a situation
housekeeper, or as couipani>in for an elderly persu
Address - E," West Chester, Pa.
Young pupils taught at their homes, or coached
their school lessons, address
"M," 3419 Hamilton St., West Phda.
Westtown Boarding School— Applications i
the admission of pupils to the .scho(d, and letters
regard to instruction and discipline should be a
dressed to William F. Wickersham, Principal.
Payments on account of board and tuition, a
communications in regard to bnsiness should be U
warded to EDWARD G. Smedley, Superinlctidml.
Address, Westtown P. O., Chester Co., Pa.
Westtown Boarding School.— For conveniei
of persons coming to Westtown School, the stage «
meet trains leaving Philadelphia 7.17 and 8.46 A.
and 2.53 and 4.32 P. M. Other trains are met «!■
requested. Stage fare on regular trips, fifteen cei
on special trips, twenty-five cents each way. To re;
the school by telegraph, wire West Chester Phoney
Edward G. Smedley. Sup i
e inlroducti.
iries ago by
ccmference
yeek, under i
Died, at her residence in West Chester, Pa., ni
teenth of Tenth Month, 1890, Esther H. Mendi
HALL, in the seventy-first year of her age ; a memi
of Birmingham Monthly Meeting of Friends.
WILLIAM H. PILES SONS, PRINTEKS,
No. 422 Walnut Street.
THE FRIEND.
A Religious and Literary Journal.
VOL. LXX.
SEVENTH-DAY, FIKSr MONTH
No. 27.
PUBLISHED WEEKLY.
Price, if paid in advance, |2.00 per annum.
SubscriptioTiSf payments and business communicatior,
received by
Edwin P. Sellew, Publisher,
No. 207 Walnut Place,
iSauthfrom Walnut Street, between Third and Fourth,)
PHILADELPHIA.
Articles designed for insertion to be addressed I
JOSEPH WALTON,
MooRESTOWN, Burlington Co., N. J.
Entered as second-class i
■ at Philadelpliia. P. O.
liary and Letters of Deborali Brooks Webb.
(Continued from page SI'.
; 1869. — Seventh Month 20th. — In the after-
loon we again set forward toward Parkerville.
|Vm. H'juse met us at the station and took us
jj his home. They were very kind indeed. In
he morning was Kennet Monthly Meeting.
iarah Harry said a little encouragingly, then
i Comfort ye, comfort ye my people," seemed
iiven nie. Morris Cope there, and spoke, cora-
.jBDcing with, " Whatsoever things were written
■t'oretiiue were written for our learning, that
>e through patience and comfort of the Scrip-
ijres might have hope," not salvation — and en-
irged .somewhat, referring also to being builded
pou the foundation against which the storms
eat in vain.
We dined at Hannah Savery's, and were
iindly entertained there until morning, when
i'homas Savery very kindly took us to New
iiiarden Monthly Meeting. Here was deep feel-
iag and wading with discouraged, doubting
jtates, " What, could ye not watch with me one
lour? Couldstthou not wait in humble patience
'ntil the Lord light thy candle?" There was en-
ouragement and I had to ask help for them.
)ined at Charles Cooper's, with many friends.
|Je took us on that night to Joshua Pusey's, and
Q the morning they took us to their Monthly
fleeting at London Cirove. I felt poor and
ery fearful, but our merciful Lord opened the
vay — The kingdom of heaven is not meat and
rink, but righteousness, peace and joy in the
Joly Ghost. I felt that there were some of the
aeek of the earth there, and had to encourage
hem to st-ek riijhteousness, and if so be, ye may
le hid in the day of the Lord's anger. Here
gain my soul seemed unexpectedly filled witl
upplicatious for them, and that He would there
•eautify the meek with salvation. We dined at
leorge Sharpless', and in the afternoon he
:indly took us to his brother Charles' — an in-
eresling family, but I desired they might be
iiore given up to be cross-bearing disciples of
he Lord. Our first appointed meeting was
^eld at London Britain the next day. I went,
eeling very low ; the meeting was small, but
here were exercised ones there — " My covenant
fas with Him of life and of peace, and I gave
hem to Him for the fear, wherewith he fear-
ed me and was afraid before my name," re-
ferring to the upright pillars which were capa-
ble of bearing great weight, if they were con-
tinued upright. Felt much for the children
1 the parents. "I sleep, but my heart waketh,"
came to mind and caused me to rise again.
When dear E. Allen was there a few weeks
before, during her family visit, she used the
language in their meeting that "she felt much
synjpathy for them in their stripped condition,
ripped by the hand of death, and by the trans-
formation of the enemy." Two valuable elders
had been lately removed, and some separated
from them to sit by themselves and so have cut
hemselves off from being useful to society. We
dined at Owen Evans', Beulah Thompson's
home, and were much interested in this family
—three dear little children. Charles Williams
left us here and returne<l to the city, and Al)el
Hopkins came and took us to his house. Beulah
accompanied us. She is a sweet-spirited Friend,
iid deeply feels the loss of her husband, Daniel
Thompson, who deceased a short time since.
Again our feelings were drawn out towards
Abel and his large and interesting family. He
feels his situation in that meeting, being the
only one on the men's side, who siis facing the
assembly. Oh, that more of them would be
willing to wear and bea»r tTie cross, as our Sav-
iour bore it.
Aljel took us in the morning to Susan Cham-
bers', where we were to dine. Beulah joined us,
and we had a pleasant visit. The two aged
friends could sympathize together, and we with
them, Susan having lost a valuable son a few
months before. Owen Evans came for us in the
afternoon to help us on our journey to We.st
Grove. While on our way the great total
eclipse commenced, and we arrived at Thomas
Conrad's just in time to go up on the roof to see
it, but a small cloud hid the sun near the most
interesting time. Thomas and his wife were
very attentive to our wants, and we walked to
meeting with them in the morning. Here C.
W. met us again ; it seemed to be a good meet-
ing. My desire for them was that He who was
the Fountain of life in whose light only we could
see light, who had caused them to know the
way in which they should walk; those who
lifted np their souls unto Him ; caused them to
hear " his loving kindness in the morning, even
those who put their trust in Him," that He
would create such a hunger and thirst in the
dear young people as only himself could satisfy,
etc. Horatio Cooper took us home with him to
dinner, and my spirit seemed closely drawn to
his deeply exercised, travailing soul. May the
Lord direct him aright.
One Samuel Morris of that neighborhood
came to be with us. He had passed through
much inward conflict, and turned from an in-
fidel to be a believer in our Lord, but deeper
crucifixion yet seemed needed. We took tea
and spent the night at Thomas Harvey's. They
are at present taking care of the experimental
farm, and it was quite interesting to see and
hear of the great varieties of plants. In the
morning we took the cars for Concord again and
met the Select Quarterly Meeting. This wa.s a
good, encouraging time, though I felt such a little
child amid so many worthies. Dear Phebe W.
ItoberU and Abigail Hall spoke. " The angel
of the Lord encampeth round aijout them that
fear Him, and delivereth them." A very few
remarks seemed with me in the revival of the
language, " Hath God cast away his people ? I
tell you nay ;" believing there was a living rem-
nant in these two Quarters which we might de-
ire the Great M;tster of the vineyard to bless
nil water and give the increase. Again we put
up at our very hospitable friends B. W. and R.
G. Passmore. They generally have raauy lodgers
at Quarterly Meeting time, sometimes fifteen or
twenty, besides thirty or forty to dine.
The Quarterly Meeting convened on the tenth
of Eighth Month, a large and interesting meet-
ing. Henry Wood of Trenton there and had a
lively testimony. There seemed something re-
quired of me to say, " He is my God, and I will
prepare Him an habitation, my Father's God
and I will exalt Him." Desiring that all might
prepare Him an habitation in their hearts, and
that none should be like Peter, unwilling to be
washed, lest our Lord should say. Ye are clean,
but not all. Again continuing with, " O, that
all might see the love of money and the love of
the world to be the bitter root they really are."
Samuel Emlen immediately rose, continuing
and enlarging upon the .same subject so very
feelingly and encouragingly to those who were
desirous of following our Lord in the regenera-
tion. The second meeting was lively, too. Abi-
gail Hall, Rachel Bennington and E. R. Evans
in testimony, and my soul bowed in solemn sup-
plication, that He, who had promised to be as
the dew unto Israel would continue to be with
them, and that all might be concerned to de-
scend into the low valley where the dew lies
Ions, and rise not, eyi(i.^\k as He leads them to
ascend the hills of Zion, to ofl'er their praises
and thanksgiving t<j his Holy Name.
After meeting one dear Friend repeated to
me the words, " My presence shall go with thee,
and I will give thee rest," which was very en-
couraging, being much bowed under the weight
of fuUire service. Stephen Trimble kindly of-
fered to attend us to several meetings. He took
us to his mother's to dine, than on to John
Sharpless, Jr's, to spend the night. Here was a
dear aged Friend, Ruth Sharpless, and here, too,
we met with Patience McCallister, a widow who
has passed through much suffering from her re-
lations because of her joining our Society. Hers
was a very interesting ease. At Chester was
our second appointed meeting, and there seemed
Divine life in our midst, even his Heavenly
presence, so that it was good to be there. After-
wards Stephen took us to Mary Maris', to dine
and tea. Here we had a visit, pleasant to re-
member, and I felt very much for her widowed
daughter Hannah Stokes.
Lodged at Stephen Trimble's. He has a large
and interesting family. An appointed meeting
at Chichester next rnorning. I felt very poor,
210
THE FRIEND.
First Mo. 23, ]
but ministered as the Father helped me : " Thy
mercy reacheth unto the clouds, and thy faith-
fulness." "Hold thou not my peace at my
tears," and they shall see his face and his name
shall be on their foreheads. R. Bennington
there, and appeared in a short, lively testimony,
and very unespectedlv my prayer was unto the
Lord for them. We dined at Salkeld Larkin's
and were kindly entertained. About three
o'clock, Stephen took us to the boat at Chester,
and here we parted from him, feeling grateful
for his continued attentions.
Eighth Month 14th.— Seventh-day afternoon
we proceeded to Birmingham. John Forsythe
met us and we remained there all night. He and
his wife Rebecca were very kind, and we were
interested in the four little children. At meeting
in the morning I had to remember that obedi-
ence was the only safe way, so tried to deliver
the impression faithfully. " Not slothful in
business, fervent in spirit, serving the Lord."
More deep wrestling of spirit for the Divine
life to arise and continue among them, was felt
to be needed. " Be not sluthful, but followers
of them, who through failh and patience in-
herit the promises." Edward Smedley came
prepared to take us home with them to dinner;
we passed a pleasant noon, then hastened on
towards Westtown Boarding School, E — tak-
ing us in his carriage. Some of the committee
were attending there at the time ; it was pleasant
to meet them. It was interesting to see so many
children, all behaving so properly. " The cup
which ray Father has given me, shall I not
drink it?" was the resigned language of our
Saviour, and shall be ours under every circum-
stance and in every condition, was the lan-
guage dwelling in my heart, and given with the
fear that all were not willing to follow Him.
Disobedience makes a long wilderness journey,
obedience cuts it short, and we are brought
into the promised land of rest and peace to our
souls. Deborah Rhoads followed in testimony,
" Behold ! 1 bring you good tidings of great
joy, which shall be to all people," referring to
the birth of our Saviour and tlie message of the
angelic hosts, " Glory to God in the highest, on
earth peace, good will toward men." Again
unexpectedly my soul was bowed for them,
that He, who knew the broken resolutions of
many a little one, would strengthen those who
were desirous to serve Him. We mingled pleas-
antly together until "collection," then we went
on the girls' side. " The eyes of the Lord run
to and fro throughout the whole earth," to show
himself strong on behalf of those whose hearts
are perfect before Him." Deborah Rhoads ap
peared in supplication, then the children re
tired. In the morning we returned h<ime. Third
day morning the 17th was an appointed meeting
at Darby. Thomas Scattergood met us and con
veyed us to meeting. It felt lively. The apostle
had arrived at a very great attainment when
he could say, " For me to live is Christ, to die
is gain," but it is possible for every one of us tc
arrive at the same state, to " a life, hid with
Christ in God," desiring we might strive to
dwell in the deep inwardness of Divine life,
continue in the deep water, then all the storms
and trials of this life will pass over us upon the
surface, but our souls will dwell with Him in
quiet, experiencing indeed that our life is hid
with Him. We are a.«sured that it is a faithful
saying, "That if we be dead with Him" we
shall also live with Him ; if we suffer, we shall
also reign with Ilim ; but if any deny Him, He
will deny them. We had a pleasant noon with
Abbie Garrett, where we met Stephen Trimble
and John Sharpless again ; the meeting being
small, one of them was appointed to sit with
Friends there occasionally. Returned home in
the afternoon feeling thankful.
Fourth-day afternoon proceeded to Morris
Cope's (London Grove), where we, with many
other Friends, were kindly entertained.
Fifth-day was their Select Quarterly Meeting.
I did so wish to be silent. Abigail Hutchinson
there and spoke in regard to abiding in the vine
andsobringingforthfruit. " Herein is my Father
glorified, that ye bring forth much fruit." She
was encouraging. I soon fmnd my will must
be given up, and I also had to encourage the
little company to endure at seeing Him who is
invisible, and then interceded for them, that
some who felt the weight of the "ark of the
testimony gradually setting down upon them
from the shoulders of those who had long borne
the burden in the heat of the day might indeed
be strengthened with might by his spirit in the
inner man, by Him who knows our weakness.
We passed a pleasant evening. Samuel Cope
and wife, Edward and Sarah Richie, and A.
and E. Hutchinson were there. I was glad to
see the gentleness of Samuel's spirit, more child-
like than I had expected to see ; how needful
this is for those who profess to be followers of
Him who was meek and lowly.
(To be continued.)
Some Extracts from the Epistles of London
Yearly Meeting.
From epistle of 1782 — " As it is evident that
the simplicity and distinguishing plainness of
our holy profession is too much lost among us,
respecting language, apparel, and behavior;
all Friends are' exhorted to keep under the
power of the cross of Christ, which will crucify
to the world and the vanities of it, and bring
up in a true life of self denial, agreeable to the
Gospel and examples of our elders."
Epistle of 1736. — "It is with much grief and
concern that we may obseive in some a declen-
sion from plainness of habit, and simplicity of
speech and behavior, which were so conspicuous
in our early Friends. This declension arises
from a disregard to the Divine Light and Truth
as the regulator of their words and actions."
Epistle of 1746. — " 'Tis matter of grief to ob-
serve a visible declension, in many, from the
fervor, love and zeal our ancient Friends were
endued with for the honor of God and the pro-
motion of his Truth ; too many are departed
from the plain and self denying life of Jesus.
Alas! how is that pious devotion and reverence
of soul abated ; and how careless and indiffer-
ent in that important concern of worshipping
the Lord in an awful silence. O! that all
might be stirred up to f illow the steps of our
worthy elders in an holy contempt of this world
and in that Christian courage and patience
which supported them. O! that we might walk
after their example, preferring the love of Truth
to the love of earthly things, and the honor of
God to the honor of men."
Epistle of 1747. — "Alas! how are many de-
generated by a mean comijlianee with the cus-
toms and fashions of this present evil world,
under this mistaken notion of rendering them-
selves agreeable to others, and indeed become
contemptible to those they seek to please; it
being a just remark that a revolting from the
form of godliness is often attended with the loss
of the power of it."
Epistle of 1753. — It is matter of exceeding
grief and concern to observe how far the ex-
emplary plainness of habit, speech and deport-
ment which distinguished our forefathers, and
for which they patiently underwent the reproach
and contradiction of sinners, are now departed
from by many under our name, ... a declen-
sion attended with pernicious consequences, in
opening the way of some, the more easily and
unobserved to attend the places of public resort
for the exercise of sport, plays, and other hurt-
ful and destructive diversions of the age, from
which Truth taught our faithful elders, and
still teaches us, wholly to refrain."
Epistle of 1760. — "As in these times many
hearts are measurably awakened to religiout
inquiry, being dissatisfied with the empty forrai
in which they have had their education, and
are looking about for help, and remarking the
conduct of the various religious societies, with
this inquiry in their minds, ' ivJio shall shew ut
any good?' We beseech you, shake yourselves
from the dust of the earth, and put on thosf
beautiful garments of purity and heavenly-
mindedness wherein our ancestors were clothec
and made instrumental to turn many to God. I:
the ever-glorious Truth, which wrought might
ily in them and rendered them as lights in lh(
world, be by us properly attended to, the sams
blessed effects will accompany us, and man}
humble seeking souls will, by our faithfulness
be induced to glorify the Father which is it
heaven. Let us remember the end of our higl
and holy call, and keep it steadily in view; sc
shall we be truly enabled to direct those seek
ing souls in the way to peace. But on the con
trary if such looking towards us, on account o
our high profession, find us in a want of tha
substance they are earnestly seeking after, ' hov
lamentable' will our ' position be ' if we therehj
give occasion of 'cflTence to those little ones?
This, being a truth, how all important that we
while claiming the name of Friends or taking
it upon us by a right of membership, be foun(
in that befitting form of behavior, attire, etc.
to which an abiding in the Truth (its life an(
power) would bring us as it did our worthi
forefathers: that we too in inward life, anc
outwardly in all things, may ' adorn the doctrin(
of God our Saviour,' being redeemed from ' un
godliness and (as surely from) worldly lusts.
Titus ii : 12."
Who is Responsible? — No one who read
the daily papers can escape the conviction tha
the responsibility for the awful crimes whicl
are such a blemish on our boasted high civiliza
tion is not entirely due to " heredity" and "en
vironment." The P'dtshurgh Christian Advo
caie says: "Those secular newspapers whicl
from time to time bewail the low moral tone o
the public mind, as evidenced in crimes of mon
strous nature, should take time to ask in wha
degree they have contributed to debase ourpeo
pie by the columns of criminal news which the;
so prominently place before their readers. Th'
press can do much to elevate men. Is it doin!
it?"
Hand-Made Opportunities. — Man is hi
own opportunity. Mere outer occasion aD(
circumstance never yield a profit to him whi
finds no opportunity within himself Nothini
" turns up" to the man who because of his owi
inaction upturns nothing. The external work
originates nothing for him who is not original
To him who has only longing and wishing th'
world is a blank wall, to echo back his insaD'
mood. A worldly-wise paragrapher says, "Som
of the very best opportunities are hand-made.
-S. S. Times.
THE FRIEND.
211
I From "The Uxited Fiuend.'-
I The Convincement of Edward Burrough.
To one of strong intellectual powei's the le«on
often comes very slowly that these powers are
iitterly inadequate to the comprehension of spir-
tual things. Nevertheless the most learned of
;iien, alike with the most illiterate, is subject to
■hat universal law expressed iu the words of
Paul :
! '■ We speak the wisdom of God iu a mystery,
iven the hidden wisdom, which God ordained
)efore the world unto our glory; which none
^f the princes of this world knew; for had they
voown it, they would not have crucified the
Lord of glory. But as it is written. Eye hath
not seen, nor ear heard, neither have entered
nto the heart of man, the things which God
lath prepared for them that love Him. But
jod hath revealed them unto us by his Spirit;
for the Spirit searcheth all things, yea, the deep
'hings of God. For what man knoweth the
Ihings of a man, save the spirit of man which
s in Him ? even so the things of God knoweth
■10 man, but the Spirit of God" (1 Cor. ii : 7-11).
Not only is this the testimony of Holy Scrip-
ture, but experience confirms it in every age ;
ind none, perhaps, have borne more emphatic
.vituess to it than did the first Friends. The
ife of Edward Burrough furnishes a case in
joint. This Friend died in prison in London
,it the age of twenty-eight, having been a min-
ister of the Gospel for about ten years, a miiiis-
■,er, too, of truly apostolic fervor. His ])areiit<
lad brought him up in the faith of the Church
i)f England, and he himself tells us that from a
'^hild, even a few years old, he "set his face to
:ieek and find a Saviour;" so that his inter-
bourse as a boy was with those of mature years
'whose interest was in religious things. His se-
cular education was also well cared for, to the
.itmost that his native country affi)rded ; and
;o quote the language of the historian Sewel,
'his knowledge and understanding soon passed
liis years; for being but a boy he had the spirit
if a man, and in his youth was endued with
wisdom above his equals in years."
■ He took great delight in reading the Scrip-
tures, iu which he became well versed. It was
oharacteristic of hiui that whatever he under-
took he did with his might. So strong were
his convictions iu religious matters while still
a child, that at the age of twelve he braved the
ridicule of his acquaintances by quitting the
Established Church, and joining with the Pres-
byterians, who.se doctrines seemed to him nearer
the truth than those in which he had been
reared. " By laboring here," he says, " I gath-
ered knowledge of things without, but yet was
ignorant of the living truth.". The lad's inter-
est in spiritual things and his attainments so
far in advance of his years made him in great
favor with the leaders of his newly adopted
people, and it is not surprising to learn that
though sober in deportment, pride grew up in
him.
But though the boy was like one mired in a
dark road, the Father whom he sought was not
unmindful of his child. When about seventeen
years old, " it pleased God," he writes, " to show
himself a little to me, and something struck me
with terror. When I had been praying, I heard
the voice often, 'Thou art ignorant of God —
thou knoweth not where He is ; to what pur-
pose is thy prayer?" So, much fear came upon
me, and broke me oflTfrom praying many times.
Trouble came thick into my mind, and fearful-
ness fell upon me. I was struck oflT fr.im my
delights which I formerly loved ; and what I
ha.l gathered in as of CJod, died." Now he
was hrouirht under great exercise. For a time
he left oil' reading the Scriptures— doubtless
under a sense of humiliation, for something, he
says, "showed me I was very ignorant, and
knew not the true God ; and tiie Ix-auty of all
things vanished." He went to some whose judg-
ment he respected and put the question, what
that God was which was professed — but there
was none could give him a satisfactory answer.
In his distress of mind, he now began to be
stricter iu his outward life — striving not only
himself to refrain from all vain conduct, but
also to reprove others for wrong-doing, whicli
made him the subject of derision from many.
Yet there was integrity of purpose in what he
did, and "it pleased the Lord," he tells us, " to
show himself in love to me, and I had sweet re-
freshment coming in from Him to my soul, and
had joy and peace in abundance ; and openings
of the living truth in me, which the world knew
not of. The mystery of the Scripture was some-
thing opened, which before I knew nothing of;
aud 1 saw many glorious things in it, which lie
hid under the letter. 1 was iu much rejoicing
many times, and sang praises, for I was brought
out of the laud of darkness, and could say, I
was iu the Light."
The young man now fell into a very natural
error. Having been favored with these heav-
enly openings, he thought he held in his own
himd anil will the key to the mysteries of God.
• Having a light shining in me," he writes, "1
grew up into notions, to talk of high thing-, for
it was my delight to comprehend in my busy
mind. Thus, being ignorant of the cross, to
keep low in it, I ran before my guide up into
comprehension; and then was I above many of
the priests and professors, and followed only to
hear the highest notiouists, that preached high
things. But the fleshly man was at liberty,
and so 1 became one of them in their discours-
ings, and was looked upon by them to know
much. The former terror was gone, aud I had
got up from under the judgjnent ; — pride grew
more than ever, self-conceit, presumption, and
fleshly liberty to the carnal mind. My delight
was much in discoursing; where 1 gave holy
things unto dogs, and cast pearls before swine.
Wisdom was hid from me; I lived pleasantly,
for I had the true God, and the true Truth in
my comprehension, . . . and 1 had the world in
my heart. Pride, covetousness, and the earth-
ly spirit ruled, and my delight was grown up
to that which once 1 had no delight iu, and the
beauty of things grew, which seemed to have
been vanished. Here I was run from my hus-
band after other lovers, and had left the Lord
my maker who had so graciously made himself
manifest unto me. I became darkened, lost
that which I once had, and had in memory that
which before I had enjoyed. I could tell of
experiences, but they were dead to me; and
something within began to question how it was
with me? for I saw myself to be ignorant more
than formerly, and 1 saw that I knew nothing."
Dark as this condition was, there was hope
for him in the faci that he realized that with
all his profession, he had been falling away
from that former estate in which he had known
the refreshment of the Lord's presence in his
soul. He saw and he was blessed in that he
saw, " that was head and ruled in [him] which
God never loved." In this restless state he
found no comfort in the public sermons which
he heard, fir he felt th.it the priesis did not
themselves por^sess what they attempted to ex-
pound ; and he seemed almost at a loss which
way to turn. Jt uas thun, wIj.-ji Iu- lieart was
us ground prfparcd for the .-orter, that he met
svith George Fox, who held a meeting at I'n-
derbarrow, which Burrough attended. The
doctrine that Fox ]>reached— "the light of Christ
Jesus made manifest in the heart, reproving for
evil, giving a right understanding of the Holy
Scriptures, and leading the humble an<l obeili-
ent ones to the saving knowledge of Him who
died for them" — was not received by Burrough
without opposition, and he had reasonings with
Fox about it. But it pleased the Ivord, Bur-
rough tells us, to open his understanding, and
show him his |)rodigal state— that he was" above
the cro.ss of Christ, and not in the pure fear of
the Lord." It was a humiliating time for this
strong-minded young man who had stood as a
peer among the highest profeiisors of his ac-
quaintance, but there was that in his heart that
answered to the truth of Fox's doctrine, aud he
saw that it was true and Scriptural. Jt was more
than head-convincing; the heart was touched.
His pride was broken, and he felt himself "no
more worthy to be called a son." His inien.se
nature was not one that was given to half-way
measures. "A day of weeping, mourning and
misery," he writes, "and a day of vengeance
aud recompense came upon me, such as I had
never known. One vial of wrath after another
was jioured out, and then 1 separated from all
the glory of the world, from all my accpiaiut-
ance and kindred, and betook myself to the
company of a poor, despised and condemned
people, called Quakers."
Thus not by gloss, or commentary, or know-
ledge of dead tongues, but by the powerful
operation of God's Holy Spirit both immediate-
ly in his own heart and through the instru-
mentalitj' of a chosen servant, was Edward
Burrough brought to the more perfect know-
ledge of the way of the Lord. And as Apollos
of old " mightily convinced the Jews, and that
publicly, showing by the Scriptures that Jesus
was Christ," so in due time did E<lward Bur-
rough come to be a living minister of the Gospel
of the grace of God, for who.se sake he literally
left father and mother,''^ and in the enil laid
down his life "for the testimony of Jesus."
"That Cattle TR.\rx." — Our " 3faAsachu-
■•fetts Reformatory" paper of August 1st gives an
account of a great smash-up of a cattle train
near Concord, where " The Reformatory " is lo-
cated, where the animals that were not killed
were turned into a hot pasture with no water.
We copy the following:
" But two or three things came out very
prettily during the day. Of course a crowd
from the village soon gathered around the
scene, and in this village "Bands of Mercy"
were formed long ago and a generation of young
people have grown uj) here under their influ-
ence. And when the young people saw the
distress of those thirety animals, for there was
no water, the girls even went away and got
thtir pails and began to bring water, and so all
day long they continued carrying it, slaking
the thirst of those who probably suffered as
much as we might do. It was a pretty sight,
and at night we were told, as the cattle men
began to move away with their charge, one
little calf that seemed to have no visible hurt,
was given to one of these girls, who took it
home."
* Hi< parents were .«o displeased with him for going
ritli Fritnd-, that ihev e-tpellea liim from llieir home,
veil refii?ing lo lei hiiu work for tlieoi as a hired ser-
212
THE FRIEND.
Notes of a Trip in the North Carolina
Mountains.
{Continued from page 203.)
There may be roiighei' roads than that which
leads from the east up the Roan, but if so, I
think I never encountered one so persistently
stony as that. As the summit was approached
a noticeable feature was the stunted character of
the trees, very many of which were beeches. Not
only were the)' stunted, but their trunks and
branches were covered with lichens, and the
general eflect was that of a superannuated ap-
ple orchard. On some rocks in Carver's Gap,
a depression between the peak of the Roan and
the Little Roan, where my road brought rae
out, it was a great pleasure to find the rare
sedge, Carex aeslivalis. This plant possesses the
graceful characteristics of its near relatives,
carex vireicens and hirs^ita. From the fact of
its maturing at a period when most other sedges
have shed their seeds, it has doubtless received
its specific name of aestivalis, or the summer
sedge. The ground hereabouts was literally
covered with the leavts of the wood betony
(Pedicularia canadensis) looking not unlike a
coarse fern. On these rocks Carex Pennsylva-
nica was quite abundant, as well as the variety
alpicola of cirex canescem. This latter sedge is
a genuine mountaineer and loves the high al-
titudes.
Carver's Gap I found to be a most interesting
place. The surface here is covered with a short
grass which makes excellent pasturage for cat-
tle and sheep, large numbers of which, the after-
noon of my arrival, were feeding there. The
climb was not ended here, however ; three more
miles were needed to bring me out upon the
real summit of the mountain. Along the way
many of the characteristic plants of the high
mountains were noticed, among them a pretty
saxifrage {Saxifraga leucanthemifolia) a low,
much-branched plant, with leaves often red-
dish, aud bearing a profusion of small white
flowers, each with a pair of yellow spots on
three of the petals; and Gexim radiaium, which
bears a yellow flower not unlike a buttercup.
This latter is quite rare, but occurs in profu-
sion on the high summit of the Roiin, where I
arrived as the sun was nearing the horizon, on
Seventh Month 'iSrd.
The summit of the mountain is an open,
heath-like expanse of short herbage, bare of
trees, from which fact it is locally known as
"the bald." No pen can adequately describe
the view from this elevated point, which is high-
er than Mount Washington. In every direc-
tion the eye rests upon forest-clad mountain
peaks, extending to the horizon, like billows of
some terrestrial ocean. Ofl" to the westward
.stretched the dim outline of the Cumberlands,
in the confines of Kentucky ; far to the north
is White Top, in Virginia, and closer to hand
on theea.^t, the triple peaks of the Grandfather,
the highest of the Blue Ridge. Almost south
lie the cones of the Black Monntain.s, the lof-
tiest of all the Appalachian chain— among them
Clingman's Dome and Mt. Mitchell. Ui)on the
very summit of the latter, buried amid the rocks,
lie the mortal remainsofElisha Mitchell, whose
name the mountain bears, and who lost his life
upon its slopes. Probably no other man in
all the world has such a monument.
Impressive as this sight is by day, the view
from the Roan summit by moonlight is perhaps
more wonderful. During our stay, there was
but one such night— that on which I arrived.
Tiic valleys were tilkd with mi.st.ouly the peaks
of the mountains being visible, like islands on
a moonlit sea. We seemed as though afloat in
the clouds, which lay below us on all sides,
bathed in the silvery light.
The next morning. Seventh Month 24th, I
awoke to a world of fog. My plan had been
to pay a visit to Lion's Biufl', a mile or so from
the hotel. If I had not seen the peak that
goes by this name the day before, when there
was light,! should have had no means of know-
ing how to get there this morning, as nothing
but fog was visible a hundred feet away from
the hotel. The wind was blowing half a gale,
and the prospect was exceedingly wild ; but
I started out after breakfast, aud by sticking
close to my path, I eventually reached the bluff.
The path led across the bald summit of the
mountain, and several interesting plants were
noticed by the way,— most abundant, perhaps,
being the little Thyme-leaved Bluets {Hoxisto-
nia serpyllifolia), whose blossom is almost iden-
tical with our " Quaker Lady," but the plant,
instead of being upright and blossoming in com-
panies, creeps along the ground and blooms
only at intervals. Large masses, or cushions,
of Leiophyllmn bvxifolixim grew everywhere.
This plant is locally called heather, but this
name is quite a misnomer, as it is only a pros-
trate form of the sand-myrtle, which is so com-
mon in the New Jersey barrens. The plants
were now in fruit, with occasionally a bud or
belated blossom to be found. Abuts viridis,
the mountain Alder, frequent in the far North,
grew on the summit in profusion, its round leaves
and larger fat cones of green fruit distinguish-
ing it from the alder which is so common along
our Northern lowland streams. Amid the grass
the white siar-Iike blossoms of a cinquefoil
Potentilla tridentata were cheerful reminders of
the far North, where this plant is common.
Most interesting of all, however, was the Moun-
tain Sandwort, (Arenaria Grocnlandica) , i\ sub-
arctic plant, which would certainly be very
uncomfortable in the South anywhere except
in the cool temperature of these very high
mountains. Lion's Bluff was rich in the beau-
tiful red Snake-head, which seemed to find a
particularly congenial habitation here. The
front of this blufl', which is quite precipitous, was
gay with a profusion of the yellow flowers of the
Geum radiatum, and of a dwarfed Golden-rod
{SoUdago spithamea), a characteristic plant of
the high mountains of Carolina. The rare
Stonecrop, known as Rose-root in Europe (Se-
dum Rhndioki), grew on the face of the cliff.
The characteristic tree of the Roan is perhaps
the Fraser balsam {Abies Fraseri.) In the sun-
light it presents a beautiful silvery appearance,
due to the white under surfaces of the leaves.
It was interesting to notice the cones which,
wherever I saw them, were clustered on the
upmost branches of the trees. They sit there
upright. Their color is yellowish, with brown
tips, and the cones usually exude drops of trans-
parent balsam. Another common tree is the
mountain ash, which seemed to thrive here
wonderfully, but I noticed no fruit on any of
those I saw. Under the small rocks, almost
everywhere, little clusters of a rare club moss
( Lycopodium selago) grew. They stood ou t from
the rocks occasionally, somewhat in the foshion
of candelabra from the wall. On the Tennessee
side of the mountain the hobble-bush ( Viburnum
lantanoides) made quite a show in the woods,
with its red berries and rusty crimson leaves.
From the Roan, my roiite was southward
.*ome seventy-five miles along valley and moun-
tain, to Asheville, whence the train was to bear
me home. Little of especial botanical interest
came under my notice on this trip, but I found
much to engage my attention among the people
whose dwellings I passed as I travelled. The
poorer class of the mountain whites (I sawprac
tically no colored people in the mountains) mav
well make one's heart ache — not merely because
of their poverty, but because they themselves
seem so shiftless, apathetic, and without aspira-
tion or hope in the world. The dwellings ol
this class often consist of a one-storied log cabin
Sometimes with one room, sometimes with two
with a huge, blackened fire-place, where a fe«
embers smoulder in readiness to start a largei
fire when occasion requires. If the family it
large there may be two or three bedsteads in
each room, and possibly a bed made up on the
floor. A table and a few home-made chairs
complete the furniture. Often an old muzzle-
loading gun and powder-horn hung on the wall
and occasionally a large spinning-wheel would
be standing in the corner, for couverting wool
into homespun. The chickens usually had the
run of the house, and furnished pretty constant
employment to some member of the family tc
"shoo" them out. The women generally chewed
tobacco or "dipped" snuff (the sign of the lat
ter, I am inclined to think, being a stick in the
mouth like a big tonthpick.) Dirty and un-
kempt, they seemed even inferior to the indolent
men, whom I saw in the freshness of the day,
sitting on chairs tilted back against the shady
side of the house, or idling about the road. One
place I passed, a sort of cross-roads store, was
locally known as " loafer's glory," because oi
an especial abundance of that sort of humanity
in the neighborhood. I think it was near there
that I met a forlorn-looking man in front of a
miserable cabin, who, after inquiring my name
and where I came from, said with real interest,
" Now, maybe you can tell me something I want
to know. How will the election go?" I told
him he knew as much about that as I did, for
nobody knew. " Well, then," he continued,
" maybe you can tell me how it will go in the
State of Philadelphia."
Many of the mountain people I met had never
seen a railroad, and had no conception of a
city or large town. So limited, indeed, was
their experience that their stock of questions
was easily exhausted, and they soon relapsed
into silence and staring. Yet poor and wretched
as they were, they possessed a virtue that is too
often lacking among the wealthy and cultured,
and that is hospitality. Such as they had, their
buttermilk, and beans, and sodden bread, and
little, low chairs, was always cheerfully offered,
and apparently without thought of pay.
All the mountaineers, however, are not of this
type. There are many who are intelligent, indus-
trious and desirous of getting ahead. Sometimes
they have travelled a little, and have seen how
people live beyond the mountains. Two such
overtook me one evening, as they rode their
mules home from a piece of hired land they had
been working, several miles from their" own
farm. One of these told rae there was not
enough tillable land cleared in the mountains
to support the population properly, and they
were forced to rent additional patches, and often
at great distances from home, in order to eke
out a living. ■
(To be concluded.) i
"Belief is the seed, received into the will, '
of which understanding or knowledge is the
flower, and the thing believed is the fruit."— ,
Coleridge'' s-*^ Aids to Reflection."
-t -Mo. 23, 1897
THE FRIEND.
■' MY LORD AND MY GOD."
MARGARET E. SAKGSTEK.
T'was evening and the doors were shut,
No bar was that to Him
Who came in kingly silence through
The twilight growing dim.
In (ones as tender as ihe dew,
lie blessed them : " Peace be unto you."
]t was the Master's loving word,
The Master's form they knew ;
Anil nearer to the risen Lord
The glad disciples drew.
AVlKit hope was in their hearts that hour !
AVIiat glory in his wondrous power !
His eyes in matchless pity dwelt
( >n one reluctant face,
( 111 due who knew not all the bliss
( )\ full-believing grace.
Tliat soul still fettered fast with doubt,
Tlie love of Jesus singled out.
■ nehiild," said Christ, " these wounds of mil:
Feel where the nails were driven."
Ah, swift he knew the voice Divine I
Ilis heart with love was riven ;
,\nd leaped like fiame his answering word ;
' I know thee now, " my God, my Lord."
Tlien soft from Jesus' lips there fell
A thought exceeding sweet ;
Let age to age his message tell,
Its tenderness repeat,
'Thou hast believed, for ihou hast seen,
Blessed are they who have not seen,
And yet have trusted. We rejoice
Dear Lord, and bless thy name ;
How sacred was that time when first
To us that insight came.
And we beheld thee, crucified — I
Thy pierced hands, thy riven side.
Yft, seeing not the cross alone,
I )ur eyes were lifted high ;
We knew ihee silting on the throne,
We lelt lliee drawing nigh ;
Auil all our doubts were hushed to peace,
And from their chains we had release.
THE GRUMBLER.
DORA KEAD GOODALE.
HIS YOUTH.
His cap was too thick and his coat was too thin ;
He couldn't be quiet ; he hated a din ;
He haled to write and he hated to read ;
He was certainly very much injured, indeed !
He must sluiiy and toil over work he detested ;
His parents were strict, and he never was rested ;
He knew he was wretched as wretched could be !
HIS MATURITY.
His farm was too small and his taxes too big;
He was selfish and lazy and cross as a pig :
His wife was too silly, his children too rude,
And just because he was uncommonly good !
He hadn't got money enough and to spare;
He had nothing at a'll fit to eat or to wear;
He knew he was wretched as wrelclied could be ;
There was no one so wretchedly wretched as he !
HIS OLD AGE.
He finds he has sorrows more deep than his fears ;
' He grumbles to think he has grumbled for years ;
' He grumbles to think he has grumbled away
I His home and his children, his life's little day :
i But alas ! 'tis tco late ! it is no use to say
That his eyes are too dim and his hair is loo gray ;
' He knows he is wretched as wretched can be ;
There is no one so wretchedly wretched as he !
— Sunday School Visitor.
< "You belong to the conquering faith; I
ieloug to the dying faith," said a Brahmin to
5ishop Hurst. '" How do you know, comrade?"
I see it everywhere," was the answer. "The
jissiouaries of the cross are aggressive. They
ave faith in their faith, while we cultivate
nly an inward hope, and that hope means very
Xih."— Selected.
Kor "The Fkie.vd.'
John Letchworth and His Wife.
.John Letchworth was a minister in the So-
ciety of Friends, who re.si(le(l during part of hi.s
time in Failowlield Township, in Chester Co.,
Pennsylvania. In the latter part of his life,
he removed to Philadel])hia, and became a mem-
ber of the ]\Ionthly IMecting of Friends of Pliila-
delphia.
The late Dr. .John L. Kite, who knew him
well, wrote out a sheet of reminiscences, which
he sent to a cousin, that she might know more
about her worthy grandfather. From it the
following is taken.
" John Letchworth was fond of children, and
he used to saj', ' I know the way to every little
child's heart.' And when he found one rather
shy, he would thrust his hand into one of his
capacious waistcoat pockets, and draw forth
some mint drops, or other good things, which
would soon bring the prattler to his knees,
making the twain very good friend.s. He knew
the way to the hearts of older children also, for
he was never without a store of pleasant little
anecdotes, which would serve, instead of sweet-
meats, to bring about him children of a larger
growth. He knew the way to the hearts of
young men and maidens, being equally well
provided with conversational powers, and suita-
ble incidents, to reach the hearts of those who
were preparing to take their places in the busy
walks of life. He also knew the way to the
hearts of strong men, and lovely women, too;
for he always had in his well stored mind, much
to engage their attention, and to kindle a warm
interest in their bosoms towards their kind com-
panion and pleasing instructor. Neither did
he lose his hold upon the affections of the aged,
who loved him for his own sake, and for his
work's sake, and for his Master's sake ; for whom
he always had some good word to speak, with
loving arguments, addressed more to the hearts
than to the heads of his deeply interested hearers.
And all this would be done without any affecta-
tion of superior attainments, either in literature
or religion ; but would seem to flow spontane-
ously from a heart replete with affection and
interest in the welfare of all he was conversing
with.
I have already said,' Neither did he Ipse his hold
upon the affections of the aged.' Indeed I might
almost say, ITe ?!e!'er lod a friend. True, some
have been offended by his plain denliug, when
his Master required it, turning their backs upon
him because of his faithfulness to apprehended
duty, but such were never his real friends.
They visited him ; they loved to consort with
him, because to be a companion of John Letch-
worth, was a real passport into good society,
acknowledged by all his fellow members.
As it was the chief business of John Letch-
worth's life to draw tlie affections of all, into
whose hearts he could obtain entrance, towards
his own good Lord and Master, for no sinister
purpose of his own, but for the present and
everlasting welfiire of all whom he admitted to
share his company. The true import of the lan-
guage of his conduct and conversation amongst
his companions was this, ' Love me, love my
Master also.'
John Letchworth was not an eloquent orator,
he was something better; he was an earnest
advocate of his jMaster's cause ; going directly
to the point, and by the path that the Spirit
led him, using as few words as might clearly
e.'tpress his meaning while addressing the heart,
rather than the head of a solemnly attentive
audience, with as chaste lanjiuage as ever I
have heard from a Friends' gallery.
The construction of John Lelchwortirs sen-
tences, when thus pleading his Master's cause
was so complete, and the words were put to-
gether so neatly and compactly, that it wouhi
take a very skilful master of the English lan-
guage to have added a single word, or to have
taken aught away, without injuring both the
sense and the rliythui of his sentences.
There was no need, there was no room for
rhetorical flourishes; words from the Living
Spring flowed through a prejtared conduit into
such iiearts as were then ami there thirsting
for the waters of Life. Need we wonder at the
solemn covering of good which generally at-
tended his ministry? Such ()reaching I have
considered the ne phiti ultra of Gospel ministry,
as viewed from Friends' standpoint. And this
I write, not to the praise of the creature, but to
the glory of that Power which made out of a
poor, frail man, a living minister of the Gospel
of Christ; and fitted him for that noblest work
and labor of love, to which man has ever been
called.
Such are some of my recollections of my hon-
ored uncle, and such are the impressions left
upon my mind, after many years of solid con-
sideration of the man, of the member of our
religious .Society, and above all, of the minister
of the Gospel of life and salvation.
I have no desire to lengthen out this sketch,
but scarcely refrain from the expression of a
wish that the Lord would raise up many like
him to stand and to plead for his great Name
and cause in the earth."
He married Elizabeth Kite, who proved a
worthy helpmate, and of whom he left the fol-
lowing testimony.
'' ' Full many a flower is horn lo blush unseen,
And waste its sweetness in the desert air.'
hence this short testimony.
" This may truly be said of my beloved wife,
Elizabeth Letchworth, she was circumspect in
her own walking and careful to bring up her
children in plainness of dress and simplicity of
manners, becoming our religious profession, in
frequently reading the Holy Scriptures, and to
restrain them from reading pernicious books,
and from the corrupt conversation (jf the world,
and was a good example therein herself; her
heart and house were always open to accommo-
date Friends who were travelling in the work
of the ministry, and I can truly say she was a
nursing mother to me, ever making way for me
on such occasions, however trying our circum-
stances were. She mav truly be said to be one
who washed the disciples feet.
A diligent attender of meetings, and when
in declining health and confined to the house,
her usual care was continued in making way
for the family to attend. Towards the latter
part of her time, when well enough, it was her
constant practice daily to read a i)ortion of the
Holy Scriptures; and towards the close, when
it wits thought a few days would finish her ex-
istence here she remarked • I feel nothing in
my way,' and a few days after she breathed
her last, without sigh or groan, and is, I trust,
entered into the rest prepared for the righteous
from the foundation of the worM.
JoHX Letchworth."
Second Month 16th, 1838.
He that has Christ for his Leader and Cap-
tain, may follow Him with confidence, courage
and comfort.
214
THE FRIEND.
Firat Mo. 23, 189
The Story of My Life.
(Continued from page 206.)
lu the fall of 1849, as he passed by the City
Hospital in Sau Francisco, William Taylor felt
an impression of duty to visit its inmates. His
account of this service shows his perseverance
in making his way against difficulties. He
says: —
"I went immediately to the said hospital,
and inquired for the physician who had it in
charge, introduced myself to him, and told him
the object of my call ; to which he replied, ' I
can readily appreciate your motives, but then
you must know, sir, that we have very sick men
in every room who could not bear any noise.
Anything like singing or praying might greatly
excite them and make ihem worse. I prefer
you would not visit the wards, unless some par-
ticular man wishes to see you.'
" ' Well, doctor,' I replied, " I certainly
would not wish to do anything that would be
injurious to any patient, but 1 have been accus-
tomed to visit the sick, and think I S5 under-
stand my business as to talk and sing and pray
or do whatever may seem appropriate, not only
without injury to any one, but in a manner that
will even contribute to the improvement of their
physical condition. By diverting their minds
from the dark realities of their own condition
and unhappy surroundings, and by interesting
them in some new associations and themes of
thought, I may impart to their minds vigor and
hope, which unite with gathering strength and
raakesuccessfulresistanceagainstdisease. Those
who are hopelessly diseased cannot receive much
injury from my visits, while I may be instru-
mental in benefiting their departing souls. If
you please, doctor,' I continued, ' you can go
with me, or send a man to point out the men to
whom you do not wish me to speak, and to see
that I do no injury to any one.'
"Said the doctor, 'I have no time to go with
you, and nobody to send.'
"Another doctor present then added, 'It is
not proper that he should go through the hos-
pital.'
"At that moment an old man, who had been
sitting in the office, listening to our conversa-
tion, said, ' Doctor, there are many sick men in
tlie hospital who, I know, would be very glad
to receive a visit from this gentleman, and, if
you will allow me, sir, I willconduct him through
the rooms.'
" The doctor replied, ' Very well. Take him
up stairs first, and then down to the lower
wards.'
" 'Aye, aye, sir,' said the old tar, as he beck-
oned me to follow him up stairs. He introduced
me to every patient in the house, and made a
greater ado over my arrival at the hospital
than if the alcalde had visited them. I was
first conducted through the pay-rooms, the de-
partment of those who, in whole or in part, paid
for their keei)ing. Many small rooms had but
two to four men in them. Others, larger, had
as many as twelve. I spoke to each patient,
inquiring after their condition in health and
the state of their souls. I then addressed a few
words of sympathy and religioua instruction to
all in the room collectively, sung a few verses
in a si)ft strain, and prayed in an audible but
subdued tone, ada|)ting the petition, as nearly
as possible, to the wants of their individual
casps as I had learned them, and so passed on,
perf inning similar services in each room.
" My usual mode of visitation was to speak
personally to as many as possible, inquire into
their conditions and wants, bodily, spiritual and
otherwise, act as amanuensis for the sick and
dying, recording last messages to friends at
home, get letters out of the post-office and con-
vey them to the sick, carry messages to friends
in the city, and, in very early days, when
waiters were scarce, I often ministered to the
bodily wants of the sick, dressed blisters, turned
or raised patients, fixed their beds, gave them
drink, and sometimes comforted the convalescing
with a little of my wife's good home-made bread,
and gave them such advice as I thought might
be useful to them."
In his descriptions of his meetings, William
Taylor relates many interesting incidents. On
one occasion a large part of his congregation
were Chinamen. A tall, intelligent-looking fel-
low called "Chippee" took out his pencil and
noted down such thoughts as he understood. The
next morning a clerk asked him to translate his
notes into English. Said Chippee :
" What call you him talk last night?"
"That was Mr. Taylor, of San Francisco."
He noted the name in his book, and looking
and pointing upward, said, " What you call
Him — the big Father, up there — what you call
Him?"
" We call Him God," said the clerk.
He put that also in his journal. He then gave
a translation of his notes, "Tell all men no
gamble; tell all men no steal 'era gold; tell all
men no steal 'em cargo ; tell all men no talk
'era lies; tell all men to be good men."
That was the first sermon Chippee ever heard,
and these were the ideas he gathered.
One morning, as he was going to an appoint-
ment for the street preaching, he saw a poor
inebriate lying on his face in the sand. The
plaza was a place notorious for rum-holes. When
the crowd had gathered around him, he said to
them, "You may find my text recorded on a
sandbank in front of the General Jackson
House on First Street." I had a good time,
but worked up a great excitement among the
rum-sellers.
At one time the test selected was "The fool
hath said in his heart, ' There is no God.' " Of
the sermon which followed he gives the follow-
ing outline :
" ' Here is a watch ray father gave me when
I was a boy,' holding it in ray band. 'He
bought it from an old man by the name of
Walkup, who, of course, recoramended it to be
a first-rate watch. I am not acquainted with
its early history, but if I were to tell you that
this watch had no maker, that sorae happy
chance formed the different parts of its ingeni-
ous machinery, and that another chance put
them together with the very useful design of a
time-piece, you would call me a fool.'
" ' To adopt such a conclusion, there is surely
no such fool in this intelligent audience. But,
remember, David's fool was not such. He was
probably like some who drew nigh to God with
their lips and honored Him with their mouths,
but said in their hearts, 'There is no God.'
" 'The Holy Spirit is looking at each one of
you now and listening to every pulsation of your
heart, and were He now to reveal what has there
passed this day, what shocking revelations He
would make ! It is not by the profession of the
tnouth, but by the conduct of men, that we are
to learn the orthodoxy of their hearts. A mise-
rable gambler said to me but a short time since,
" When I came to California I had but twenty-
five cents, but I had good luck playing cards,
and by and by set up a monte-table, and I have
been very successful." He said he was a mem-
ber of a church, and professed to be very dc
vout.
" ' A wretched rumsellerover here on Jacksoi
Street emptied the pockets of a poor niai
wrecked his constitution, blighted all his hope
for time and eternity, unstrung his nervuu
system, and when his poor victim was dyinc
the tender-hearted rum-seller, full of sympath
for the suffering, sent in haste for me to com
and pray for the poor man.
" These gamblers around the plaza here, wher
ever they shoot a man, go right off for a preach
er to pray over their dead. One came for m
to preach at the funeral of C. B., who had bee
shot the night before just there in that hu-g
saloon. He said, ' We thought it would be
pity to bury the man without some religioi
ceremonies. It will be a comfort to his friend
too, to know that he had a decent Christia
burial.'
" I have buried three such within as man
months. They profess a belief in God, but thei
conduct gives the lie to their profession."
At the conclusion of the services a stranjre
proposed that they should take up a coUectio
for the benefit of the preacher, but the propos;
was negatived by Taylor, who said, " 1 cannc
have my street preaching trammeled by stree
collections."
After laboring for seven years in Californi:
William Taylor lost much of his means throng
a fire, and believed it best to return to the Ea
and replenish his funds by the sale of bool
which he wrote. This was in 1856. Some i
his books were very popular, the sales amoun
ing to twenty-five thousand and thirty-thousau
copies.
For several years he continued preaching i
the States and in Canada. At a camp-meetin
where many of the congregation had gone t
sleep under the effects of a " lean" and length
sermon, Taylor was called upon to exhort th
audience, which he did as follows:
" Friends, these hard seats without backs ar
very uncomfortable places for sleeping, and y<
you are in great need of sleep. After the e:
hausting services of the Sabbath and your sho;
hours last night, you are sadly in need of slee
and in need of better sleeping acconiraodatior
than you can get on these hard benches, so
advise you to repair to your tents at once, an
in your comfortable home quarters take a gOQi
refreshing nap."
After laboring in the Eastern States and Cai
ada for several years, William Taylor believt
that it was the Lord's will that he should g
and preach the Gospel tidings in Australia, an
on the first of Fifth Month, 1862, sailed fc
England. His family returned to their ul
home in California.
After spending some months in Great Britai
and visiting Palestine on his way, he reache
Australia in 1863, and at once entered upon h
evangelistic labors. These continued for six <
seven years, and were attended with a large a
cession of members. About the time his labo
in Australia and New Zealand were drawing
a close, his family came from California. I
had intended going to India, but his oldest S(
was taken sick, and, by the advice of the ph^
sician, he sailed for Cape Town in South Afric
where he arrived early in 1866.
In South Africa, William Taylor labored i
dustriously for about two years, visiting ai
preaching among the English settlers and di
ferent tribes of the nations, and with remar
able success. Thousands were added to tl
church membership. He was greatly assist'
rst -Mo. 2;',, 1S97
THE FRIEND.
V Cliarles Panila, a converted Kaffir, who
jteil as his iuterpreter, anil also preached di-
?ctly to the people.
■ Taylor returned to England in the latter part
''I 1866, and promptly entered upon his work
If preaehinf!:. In the fall of 1867 his wife re-
orned to California with the three younger
iiildren, that i-he might care for their educa-
on, and Taylor himself took passage for the
'Vest Indies, intending to spend a year there
od then go on to Australia.
He labored among the different islands and
1 Guiana. He found that the missionaries had
)nsidered the people to be so excitable that
ley were afraid of scenes of disorderly confu-
|on. But by judicious management these were
Voided. He records that on the island of
levis, on the first night of his preaching there,
. man came up with hideous groaning?, and
inelt by the altar, and got hold of the altar
nls. " He was in for a big fuss. I went to him
lie first one. Said I, 'Brother, what is the
(latter? Huve you got St. Vitus' dance?'
; "He said, 'No; no.'
' "'You want to come to Jesus, do you ?'
i " ' Yes ; yes.'
! "'You have to be saved by faith— faith
ometh by hearing. Now, you listen and I will
'low you the way.' He toned down."
From the West Indies Taylor went to Aus-
;alia, where he spent about fourteen months,
,'ad in the latter part of 1870 went to Ceylon.
It Lucknow he entered upon his East Indian
ork. As there were many converts at Bom-
jay, he organized there a Methodist Church in
872. One of the principles involved in it was
aat it was to be self-supporting, and not to de-
end for the payment of its expenses on any
ireign association. Such congregations were
irmed in various parts of India, and the num-
er of their members has since much increased.
I In the fall of 1877, William Taylor and a
rother went to South America. Here it seemed
est to enter upon the work by establishing
;hools of a high grade, under the care of re-
gious men and women, and the money received
)r the education of the children was expected
,) support the teachers. He adopted the plan of
fleeting suitable centres for educational work
ad obtaining pledges from the people for the
assage-money of the teachers to South Amer-
■a and for their maintenance for a given time,
mil they became self supporting. About a
ozen schools were thus opened. The teachers
ere selected by Taylor.
The evangelizing movements of William Tay-
)r were somewhat out of the usual course of
rocedure, and he was met with objections as to
]eir irregularity. But at the Conference held
1 Philadelphia in 1884, he was very unexpect-
dly elected as a Missionary Bishop for Africa,
'ith large powers as to freedom of action. Before
'leend of the year he had selected about thirty
olunteers to join him in the mission and some
>velve children. The party proceeded to St. Paul
e Loando, on the coast, and established preach-
)g stations at intervals in the interior, to the dis-
ince of one thousand miles. This winds up the
arrative written in 1895. At the Conference
f the present year, Taylor, on account of his
ge, was released from the appointment and
nother person put in his place, but we believe
e is still working in Africa.
(To be roncluded.)
Schooled ix Sorrow. — Bearing a burden
racefully is no sign that the burden is unfelt.
t rather signifies that the bearer has been
schooled by experience to his task. The first
biiing sorrow that comes to the ( hristian brings
wiih it a train of trials which inten.sify his .suf-
fering, llie W(,rld forgets him, he finds no real
symjiathy where he hopes to gel it, he is chafed
by the loneliness. But in time he comes to
learn that this is to be expected, with the world
as it is. His next sorrow finds him none the
less truly grief stricken, but be has learned that
there is an art of hearing uj) and being brave.
He knows already that he must not expect to
roll his burden off on a world absorbed in its
own self. His burden rests more gracefully on
him. He shows the result of a hard course of
training. But now the world owes him a new
duty. It is to refrain from charging him with
insensibility and an easy escape from grief. He
who smiles through his tears has learned what
true joy is, and he who steps lightly under a
heavy burden has performed the duty of acquir-
ing a new and Christlike strength. — <S'. S. Tiiite.i.
Supplement to the Tract Repository.
Fkaxkfokd, I'liila., Firs-t Moiitli 1st, h^-O".
To CoxTRiBLTORS:— Owing to a groes error
in statement issued Twelfth Month 15th, 1896
(caused by mistaking the balance of 1894 for
that of 1895), I hereby submit the following as
a corrected stattment of the Trad liepusitory ac-
count :
RECEIPTS.
Contributions of $1.00 and over, .*7CS 01
Subscriptions and amcunts under .Jl. 00, lo.-jo
§762.14
EXPENDITDEES.
7,900 co|pies mf nthlv at 7c-- per year, $.5-53.00
Ami. overdrawn Twelfth Mo. 1.5lli, '9.5, 1.5.5.10
Bal. on band Twell'lb Mo. 1.5lb, l.><96, 74.04
$782.14
Very respectfully,
David Hestox.
For "The Friend."
Effects of Cold.
In 1892, Warburtou Pike made a journey of
exploration through a remote portion of the
territory of the Hud.'on Bay Company, striking
the waters of the Yukon River, which he fol
lowed down to a point near its entrance into the
Pacific Ocean.
One morning in the middle of winter, in com-
pany with one of his party, he left the camp
before daylight to hunt moose, leaving orders
with the half-breeds to haul the loads to a place
selected for a camp. The hunters separated, and
Pike says : " I found two fresh moose tracks, btit
could not get a shot ; and it was long after dark
wiien I reached the island again, fully expecting
to find the cargo all up, and the camp made.
But there were no signs of anybody, exiepting
that the rifle which Secalz [his fellow-hunter],
had been using, was stuck up in the snow, where
the road left the ice and turned up the bank.
With the aid of a match I examined the road,
and saw that no sleigi s had passed, and Secatz's
snow-shoe tracks were leading down stream.
" It was only then that I realized how fear-
fully cold it was. I had eaten nothing since
early morning, and had been sweating while
running after the moose, always a bad thing
to do in cold weather, as you are sure to get
chilled as soon as you stop for a minute. I
ex| ected to find the camp close, so would not
wait to light a fiie, but left my rifle and started
down stream at a run. I could never get warm
again, although I had still ten miles to go; and
mv nose and cheeks were rather badly frozen be-
fore I saw the glare of the camp-fire through the
trees. I f(.und the half-brteiis having a good
tinie, silting round the fire, tolled up in the
blankets, drinking tea. Tliey had only moved
camj) about a mile, as they began to fneze, and
could ntjt get the dogs along ijuickly enough lo
keej) tlieni.>-elves warm ; so llity liad put arhore
and made a fire as soon as they saw dry wood
enough to cainj) with.
" In this extreme cold, it is never really safe
for a man U) go into the woods alone, as, if he
meets with an accident severe enough to cripple
him, or gets wet by breaking through a weak
spot in the ice, he is absolutely certain to freeze
to death, unless he is very qiiii k in lighting a
fire. In any case, he should always carry an
axe in his belt, and plenty of matches, so that
he may still have a chance, if dry wood is clw*
at hand. One of the greatest dangers lies in
the fact that your fingers are likely to freeze,
or at least become useless for lighting a match,
as soon as you grasp the handle of an axe, and
impede the free circulation of the blood, as a
layer of ice is sure to have formed between the
moose-skin and the inside lining of your mittens.
"At night we were comfortable enough, as we
kept a big fire going. A cup of tea in the small
hours of these shivering n)ornings, with the re-
turn of warmth and the prospects of a few more
hours sleep, is one of the most pleasant recol-
lections of northern travels."
THE FRIEND.
FIRST MONTH
FriendsofPhiladelphia Yearly Met ting, have
within a few months past been called upon to
enter into serious feelings over the removal from
their number of several of those whtjse labors
and example have tended to confirm their fel-
low citizens in an appieciation of the precious
truths held by the Society of Friends, and in
conviction that true religii n is a heart chang-
ing work of the Spirit of Truth, wrought out
by submission to tl:e operation of Divine Grace.
" While partaking with his fellow-menibers in
a sen^e ot the loss which the militant church
has sustained in these reniovals, the Editor has
felt the importance of those who are left behind
giving due heed to the conviction that an in-
creased responsibility rests upon us to so live
in communion with God. as to hear his voice,
and be prepared to do his will, so that the work
of the Church may still be carried on. and the
gracilis designs of the Almighty may not be
frustrated through our neglect or inefficiency.
It is as we abide in Christ, the living vine, that
we receive of the sap. which flows from Him,
and grow in grace and in power to work out
the mission with which we are severally in-
trusted.
May those who have mourned over the re-
moval of valiant sons from this scene of proba-
tion, be afresh stimulated to increased watch-
fulness and faithfulness, so that the cause of
Christ may jirosper in the earth through their
labors; and when the time of their departure
shall arrive, they may feel that through the
mercy of God, they shall be received into one
of those mansions, which our Saviour told his
disciples He would prepare for them in heaven.
The experiences of that Methcdi-st Bishop,
William Taylor, have proved so full of interest
to the Editor, that he was encouraged to con-
dense a brief (Utline of them for the benefit of his
readers. We believe that he was sincere in his
216
THE FRIEND.
First Mo. :2y, 183
desire to promote the spiritual welfare of the
world, and that a blessing rested on his labors, in
proportion to the fervency of his spirit. Yet we
are not prepared in all respects to endorse iiis
methods, and we would regard it as a great
mistake for members of our Society to desert
their own principles, and mode of action, in
imitation of him. The Lord makes use of divers
instruments in carrying on his work in the
world, and we shall be most effective as we ad-
here to the Divine leadings. At the same time
let us cherish that feeling of Christian charity,
which can rejoice in the good effected by those
whose ways are not as our ways.
s ummary'of events.
United States.— The United States Supreme Court
has decided that the Dispensary law of South Caro-
lina, at least so far as it atieiupted to prevent a citizen
of the Slate from importing into the Commonwealth
liquors for his own use, was in violation i^f the Inter-
State Commerce clau-e of the Federal Constitution,
and therelore null and void.
The Chief of the Bureau of Statistics reports that
the total value of the exports of merchandise from the
United States during the Twelfth Month, 1896, was
$117,227,102, as against §92,529,117 in Twelfth Mo.,
1895, and, during the vear 1896, §1,005,878,417, as
against $824,860, 136 in '1895.
George Wilson, Secretary of the New York Cham-
ber of Commerce, states in his annual report that
during the fiscal year ending Sixth Month 30ih, 1896,
the total foreign commerce of the port of New York
reached the enormous total of $1,089,364,216, an in-
crease over the preceding year of $105,073,902. The
total foreign commerce of the United States in the
same period was $1,897,585,480, an increase of $187,-
717,644. The liulk of the increase, therefore, was in
New York. Only twice before has the foreign com-
merce of the port exceeded a hillion dollars. Only
once has the total for the last fiscal year been exceeded,
and that was in the phenomenal year of 1892. In
that vear the foreign commerce of the whole country
exceeded $2,000,000,000, for the only time in its his-
tory. New York's relative share of the foreign com-
merce was greater in 1896 than in 1892.
The annual consumption of alcohol in this country
amounts to $1,200,000,000; of cigars and tobacco,
$600,000,000; a total of $1,800,000 000. The wage-
workers spend about $6110,000,000 a year on intoxi-
cants and $300,000,000 on nicotine. Thisdeadly drain
on earnings, says the Chicago Tribune, is only a | art
of the harm done. Of 23,-531 criminals in Massachu-
setts in 1895, 19,509 comuiilted the criiuinal act under
the influence of liquor.
New Year's statistic tables of the B ewers' Juurnnl
show that the consumption of beer in High-licensed
States during the past year has increased 2,356,064
barrels, while in Prohibition Slates it decreased 368
barrels over 1895. Prohibition Kansas sold but 6,039
barrels, while High-license Nebraska, with nearly
400,000 less pt.pulalion, sold 161,317 barrels— more
than Iwenty-iix limea as nuich.
The National Monetary Conference called by Ihe
Indianapolis Board of Trade, assembled in that city,
nearly 800 delegates, representing the large commer-
cial organizations of nearly every State in the Union,
being present. The Omference adopted unanimously
a declaration for the maintenance of the gold stand-
ard, and the retirement of the ilemand obligations of
the Government. It also proposed the appointment
of a Commis.sion to investigaie and report by bill or
otherwise on the evils of the currency system and the
remedies therefor.
The value of the mineral out|)Ut for Montana for
1896 is as follows: Copper, $22,400,000; i-ilver, $10,-
72.5,000; gold, $4,.500,000; lead, $67.5,000; total, $38,-
300,000.
Fron> the salt wells at Hutchinson, Kas., 1,000,000
barrels of salt were olilained la-t year.
Haverhill, M,.- , I,i|.|m,1 :;c,7,600 cases of shoes in
Is'Jti, ibe biji. ■, , . ; I l.rord.
A L'l!, .\ii- !. ! I Ibe fifteenth inst., says
that "the vvin-i ; mi ml himw storm in years has
raged thn>unhoiit .S .uihern California for the past
Iwenly-foiir hours," The mountains and foot hills are
covered with snow and the streams .ire overflowing.
Deaths in this city la^t week numbered 510, which
is 3 less than the previous week, and 27 less than the
Corresponding week of 1890. Of the foregoing, 254
were males and 256 females: 89 died of pneumonia ;
64 of consumption ; 40 of heart disease ; 23 of diph-
theria; 16 of convulsions; 15 of apoplexy; 13 of old
age ; 13 of inanition ; 13 of inflammation of the brain ;
13 of bronchitis; 12 of Bright's disease; 12 of cancer ;
11 of typhoid fever, and 10 of inflammation of the
stomach and bowels.
Markets &c.-\J. S. 2's, 95 a 97 ; 4's, reg., IIOJ a
IIU; coupon, lllj- a 112; new 4's, reg., 119i a 120.};
coupon, 120| a 121.! ; 5's, reg., 1121 a 113J-; coupon, 114
a 114J; currency 6"s, 100 a 105.
Cotton. — Middling uplands quoted at lie. per lb.
Feed.— Spot bran ranged from $11.00 to $11.50 per
ton for winter in bulk and spring in sacks.
Flour.— Winter super, $2.80 a $3.10; do., extras,
$3.25 a$3.50 ; Pennsylvania roller, clear, $4.25 a $4.40;
do., lie, straight, $4.50 a $4.65 ; Western winter, clear,
$4.25 a $4.40; do., do., straight, $4.50 a $4.65; do.,
do., patent, $4.70 a $4.90 ; spring, clear, $3.75 a $4.10 ;
do., straight, $4.25 a $4.50 ; do., patent, $4.55 a $4.70 ;
do., favorite brands, higher. City mills, extra, $3.25
a $3.65; do., clear, $4.25 a $4.50; do., straight, $4.60
a $4.75 ; do., patent, $4.85 a $5.00.
Grain.- No, 2 red wheat, 92 a 92.Vc.
No. 2 mixed corn, 26| a 27c.
No. 2 white oats, 23J- a 23jc.
Beef Cattle. — Extra, 4i a ojc; good, 4f a 4|c.;
medium, 4| a 4io.; common, 4 a 4ic.
Sheep and Lambs. — Extra, 4} a 4Jc.; good, 3f a 4c.;
medium, 3} a oJc; common, 2J a 3c.; lambs, 4 a b%c
Hogs. — Best Western, 5} a5fc.; com., 5c.: State, 4|c.
Foreign. — A correspondent wriies to the London
Times that the proverbial longevity of members of the
Society of Friends seems lo be fully maintained. " The
'Annual Monitor,' just ii-sued, givts the following re-
turn for the last three years: Average age at death,
including all members who died in Great Britain and
I i eland, from one year old to 101, 1893-4, 61 years, 5
months and 22 days; 1894 5, 57 years, 11 months and
18 days ; 1895-6, 60 years, 6 months and 19 days."
Despatches at the British Foreign Ofljce conBrni
the reports of the massacre of the British expedition
in the territory of the King of Benin, in the Niger
coast protectorate. All the whites but two and 243
native carriers were killed,
A British syndicate has received a concession of a
million acres of gold lands in Dutch Guiana.
Frame's population has increased, in round numbers,
from 36,00U,000 in 1872, to 38,000,000 in 1896, while
during the same period Germany shows an increase
from 41,000,000 to 52,000,000. During the past five
years the population of the German Empire has in-
creased 2,817,000, and France has gained but 133,000.
The figures bear out Jules Simon's ominous statement
made in 1891 : " We boast that we can send 5,000,000
soldiers into the field. But how will it be in twenty
ytars? We are losing a battle every year."
A despatch of the 17th instant from St. Petersburg
says: 'Yesterday a summons was sent to Berlin for
Professor Beigmann, the distinguished German sur-
geon, to come to this cit)' to perform an operation
upon the Czar to prevent the extension of an ossenus
excrescence which has appeared in the region of the
cranium. This trouble is due to the blow inflicted by
a f.jnatical Japanese upm the Czar, then the Czare-
wltch, when he was travelling in Japan in 1891"
The antiquity of legal methods is curiously illus-
trated by the recent discovery of the oliitst will ex-
tant. This unique document was uneaithed by Prof.
Petrie at Kahum, Egypt, and is at least 4.000 years
old. In its phraseology the will is singularly modern
in form, and it is said that it might be admitted to
probate to-day.
The London correspondent of tho N. Y. Tribune says
that Official reports show that the area of the India
" ' Includes a population of 81,000.000,
mber of natives employed on relief
exceed 3,000,000. The prices of im-
Bengal are high, traders taking ad-
hance lo make private f irtunes. To
idded the black plague, which has
mbay to Pi oni and Kurrachee ami
places, and thrown the native popiila-
It is estimated that
ition of Bombay has
Fahrenheit below zero. Notwithstanding this rougl
climate, more than 10,000 people inhabit that region
As the air is generally calm and dry in winter, th.
cold is not felt very much. The variations of tin
temperature within twenty-four hours are very grea
in summer; in Fifth Month, for instance, the ther
mometer will sometimes rue to 85 degrees Fahren
heit during the day, and fall to freezing point a
night.
Among the botanical specimens collected by the
Cornell scientific parly in Greenland were some full
grown forest trees less than three inches in height.
The Chronicle has a despatch from Mendoza, Ar
gentine Republic, stating that Ziirbriggen, the Swis
mountain guide, who is accompanying the Fitzgerah
expedition, which went to South America for the piir
pose of ascending Mount Aconcagua, in the Andes '
reached the summit of that mountain on the 14tl
in.stant. This is a feat never before accomplished
The height of the mountain is staled in the despatcl
to be 24,000 feet above the level of the sea, but ac
cording to Professor Guyot its altitude is 2'2,422 feet
Aconcagua, is, however, the highest mounlain in thi
Western hemisphere, and there are only eight olhe
mountains in the worlii that exceed it in altitude.
NOTICES.
A YOUNG WOMAN Friend desires a situation a
housekeeper, or as companion for an elderly persun
Address " E," West Chester, Pa.
Friend's Institute Lyceum. — The next regnla
meeting will be held at 140 N. Sixteenth St.,Sixth-dav
First Month 22nd, 1897, at 8 o'clock, p. M.
Friend's Select School. — The second term o
Friends' Select School will begin on Third-day, Seeoni
Month 2nd, 1897. J. Henry Bartlett, SupU.
Westtown Boarding School. — Applications fo
the admission of pupils to the school, and letters ii
regard to instruction and discipline should be ad
dressed to William F. Wickersham, Principal.
Payments on account of board and tuition, am
communications in regard to business should be for
warded to Edward G. Smedley, Superintendent.
Address, Westtown P. O., Chester Co., Pa.
Westtown Boarding School. — For i
of persons coming to Westtown School, the stage wi
meet trains leaving Philadelphia 7.17 and 8.46 A. Ji
and 2.53 and 4.32 P. M. Other trains are met whc
requested. Stage fare on regular trips.
fifteen i
on special trips, twenty-five cents each way. To read
the school by telegraph, wire West Chester Phone 85
Edward G. Smedley, Sup't.
famine dislric
and that the i
works will sooi
ported food in
. vantage of the
I the famine is
spread from I
many smaller
tion into a frenzy of pa
nearly two-thirds of the
fled to country towns. A feature of the disease that
was noted in Hong Kong and Southern China, while
it was prevalent there, is also noticed now. Swine,
poultry and rodents appear to be very susceptible to
the plague, and great numbers of them have died.
The coldest regiim on earth is the country around
Werchojau-k, in Siberia, says Promtilheui, where the
thermoiiieler sometimes falls 68 degrees Centigrade
below zero (90 degrees Fahrenheit below zero). The
average temperature of First Month is 49 degrees
Married, at Friends' Meeting, at Sugar Grove
Ind., on thelhiriy-fir.stofTwelfth Month, 1896. Calei
H. Carter, of Danville, Ind, son of Newliu am
Beulah Carter, to Mary Eva Thomas, daughter o
David and Lvdia B. Thomas, of Plainfield, Ind.
Died, at Coral, Michigan, Twelfih Month 28th, 1896
Sarah Leavens, of congestion of the lungs, in he
seventy-fourth year. She was a member and elder o
West Lake Monthly Meeting of Friends (Conserva
live), Bloomfield, Ontario, Canada. Her remains wer
brought to Bloomfield for interment beside her parents,
and the funeral held in the place of worship wher
she had always been a regular attender. She was lain'
from her childhood, but was naturally of a cheerful
lively spirit, and being closely confined to her horn
in the first of her lameness, she was the comfort ani
solace of her aged grandparents for several years be
fore their death ; and assisted also in later years i:
caring for her father and mother in their last illness
She was beloved by all her relatives and friends, am
has left a brother and sister to mourn their loss. He
last illness was about a month's diiralion, accompaniei
with much suffering when congestion set in. Shebor
it all with Christian patience and resignation to th^
Divine will. Near the close she earnestly desired 1
be released and be at rest, which was mercifiill;
granted, and we humbly trust what is our loss is he
eternal gain. A minister who visited her during he
illness, says, "Her preparation for entrance to he
heavenly mansion was undoublel, and she now rest
from her labors, and her works do follow her."
, siiddenlv, on the eighteenth of Twelfth Mo
1896, at his hom'e at Gwynedd, Pa,, John Canby, age.
seventy-three years ; a member of Gwynedd Monthl,
Meeting, held at Plymouth and Norristown.
THE FRIEND.
A Religious and Literary Journal.
VOL. LXX.
SEVENTH-DAY, FIKST MONTH no,
No. 28.
PUBLISHED WEEKLY.
Price, if paid in advance, |2.00 per i
Edwtk p. Sellew, Publishee,
No. 207 Walndt Place,
iS JUth from Walnut Street, between Third and Fourth,)
PHILADELPHIA.
Articles designed for insertion to be addressed to
JOSEPH WALTON,
MOOBISTOWN, BtJKLINGTON Co., N. J.
second-class i
■ at Philadelphia P. 0.
liary and Letters of Deborah Brooks Webb.
tConlinued from page 210/
' 1869.— Eighth Mo. 19th.— Morris and Ann
Jope kindly made a way for us all to get to
he Quarterly Meeting next morning. The natu-
al mind did indeed shrink from this meeting,
ut there was no other way but to cry for help
nd press forward. Mary Ann Lloyd was quite
angthy in communication, then S. Cope arose
ath an earnest call to repentance and living
nto the Lord. Soon it seemed right for me to
ay," What raeaneth this lowingof the cattleaud
his bleating of the sheep I hear," believing some
/ere holding back part of that which should
e wholly given up, reaching toward heaven
.•ith one hand, and holding upon the world's
reasuresand pleasures with the other, etc., with
arnest desires that the Great Shepherd would
'ather the sheep, scattered upon the many
aountains of Israel, and bring them into the
pw valley where each would esteem others
etter than themselves; seeking to be made of
0 reputation, like our Lord.
The Quarterly Meeting was good. M. A. L.,
i. Hutchinson and S. Harry appeared in testi-
mony, and I had to refer to Nehemiah repair-
Jg the walls, being engaged in doing a great
■•ork, " Why should the work cease, while I
javeitand come down to you?" Working out
ur soul's salvation is indeed a great work, and
;ehavea wall to build day byday round about
'ur own habitation against the inroads of the
nemy. We dined at Morris Cope's, and in the
vening, bid farewell to our kind hosts and rode
sBenj. Maule's. I felt deeply interested in this
irge family. One son and five daughters at
orae, all grown up, and possessing religious
pnsibilities. The language was, " Gather my
aints together, those who have made covenant
.'ith me, by sacrifice." It is those who enter
nto covenant with Him by sacrifice that are to
■e gathered unto Him at last, to be with his
aints.
Seventh-day went to dine with our aged
riend, .Joseph Chambers. He seemed very gen-
ie, and his daughters weighty in spirit. One of
hem is George Sharpless' wife, and he kindly
ook us back to B. Maule's.
Next morning B went with us to Fallow-
ield Meeting. Words of encouragement flowed
toward the little company, who assembleil under
many trials. We were kindly entertaineil till
morning at Abraham Gibbons' at Coatesville,
son of that worthy Friend, Hannah Gibbons.
The family of many children interested our
feelings, but I feared so much of the Spirit of
the Lord was pressed down in their souls, though
believed they were subjects of his continued
visitations. Oh, that there were more cross-
bearing Friends in that meeting! With a feel-
ing of great thankfulness we rode homeward
next morning, having laid the burden down
and realizing indeed that hitherto the Lord had
helped us.
Third-day being our Monthly Meeting, our
minutes were returned with a reverent acknowl-
edgment of this. Adoration, praise and thanks-
giving be given unto Him, who did go with
and before us, and accepted our feeble etforts to
serve Him.
After her return from this visit, slie thus
wrote to a friend :
"Philadelphia, Ninth Month 2nil, 18G'J.
" Again and again my mind has turned to
thee so lovingly, for you were so kind to one
just starting out on what seemed a long, heavy
journey. Well, my dear, thou wilt be glad to
hear the blessed Master did go with us, and ac-
cepted the feeble eflTorts of his handmaid to
serve Him. Now, He gives such quiet, humble
peace. " Hitherto the Lord has helped us," had
to be my returning language, with some con-
sideration also, as to the circumstances under
which it was used formerly. I did not want to
say it all in both meetings, but there seemed to
be a ' must,' so I gave up and tried to have no
will. You can find it in first Samuel, seventh
chapter, and draw the comparison with the
present times. Do we not desire that this people
should offer the whole burnt offering? That the
Lord would arise and ' thunder with a great
thunder,' even by his Almighty power against
the spiritual enemies of our Israel, that the
pure Truth may prevail. Oh, that our cry may
be yet more for this.
" Yes, my dear friend, the Lord has been so
gentle with me. He did not show me more work
beyond, but when one service was finished, leil
me, so unexpectedly, into another. Feeling that
a visit could not well be denied to a Friend in
Burlington, I went to spend First-day, when
the Quarterly Meeting opened before me, and
to remain seemed imperative. He gently showed
me, ' Redeeming the time because the days are
evil,' and wakened me S.ondday morning
with the confirming language, Ephesians fifth
chapter, first and second verses. We had a
good Quarterly Meeting. Samuel dpe, in tes-
timony, also John Stokes, and then William U.
Ditzler. Henry Wood in prayer. My soul did
magnify the Lord, on returning, for all his mer-
cies.'Great and marvellous have been his works'
indeed, and I felt last night just bowed at his
feet, wanting to anoint them with love and
thanksgiving.
" I thought I would like to share the spoil
with thee, my dear, but perhaps I have written
too freely. Now-, if thy pour friend can only
walk faithfully under the cross all day long in
future, watching and waiting unto his holy
will! You did indeed give the cup of cold
water to one, who feels ' the le;u>t of these,' and
may He give you the cup of salvation.
"Though I have written thus to magnify the
Father's power, yet as dear I. Peningtun says,
' I feel daily weaker in myself Shall I quote
his words, they are instructive to me often-
times : ' I am a worm, I am poor, I am nothing,
less than nothing as in myself, weaker than I
can express or thou imagine; yet in the midst
all this, the life, power, righteousness and
presence of Christ is my refreshment, peace, joy
and crown.'
Do we not want this to be our experience,
my dear A — , thus dwelling in the inward life?
I feel that yu know what it is, and may He
preserve us all in the hollow of his Almighty
hand. My love gratefully and kindly to you
both. Thine afleciionately,
" Dehokah Brooks."
In her diary she says: During the Tenth and
Eleventh mouths of this year, our dear Friend
E. A. visited the families of our (Northj Meet-
ing, and way seemed to oi)en before me to ac-
coiiq)any her, after many shrinkings and trials
of faith. The language seemed to be, " What
God hath joined together, let not man put
asunder." We felt yoked together, and it was a
privilege to be with her. Her ministry seemed
like two arms of love, that reached around the
individuals, and drew out all the good feelings in
their hearts, so that we were often warme<i and
comforted together. Together, too, wede-scended
into baptisms at times. Oh, it is weighty work
to dare to speak to particular states. Our Lord
helped and I had to feel thankful again and
again to Him, who owned our feeble efTjrls to
serve Him. After returning home, dear E's
cup overflowed at times, and I had solid peace.
The following extracts are from a letter under
date of Twelfth Month 22nd, 1869. Alluding to
the visit to the families of North Meeting, she
savs, " Thou will be glad to hear we both feel
peaceful. The ' penny of peace ' is indeed a rich
legacv when earned through so much humilia-
tion. "The dear Master did seem to go with and
before us. . . The visit has left a good savor.
We both partake of the feeling of being but un-
profitable servants though — there is so much
now, to excite our young Friends, and perhaps
lead them on too rapidly to make ' confession
with the mouth,' or as one dear Friend said,
' causing a desire in some unsettled ones to be
doing something, rather than to be something.'
:Many feel it to be a serious time, and are bowed
down in spirit, but I try to rest it with the
Lord, feeling if it is of Him it will prosper, and
if not, it will come to naught. The young plants
need a loving, training hand, rather than entire
coldness. S. E. was at our meeting yesterday,
and spoke, commencing with, 'Praise waiteth
for thee in Zion, O, God of our salvation,' re-
ferring a^ain and again to the words, 'and God
saw that^it was good,' saying that though we
21«
THE FRIEND.
First Mo.
may have had bitter disappointments, yet they
were for our spiritual progress, and iu the end
we would have to say, 'His work in our souls
was good.' He called' upon the elder Friends to
draw the younger members nearer to them. This
spoke my feelings so much. I think they are
left too much to pass along without being able
to realize that any one cares for them. O, to
know myself how to do right! for more pure
wisdom — ' Wise as serpents and harmless as
doves.'
"I want thee to have a few crumbs from dear
E's ministry — they may strengthen thee, my
dear, sometimes. Once, after s])eakiug of Mary's
mourning the absence of her Lord, as she
thought, but finding Him close to her, she
went on to say that it was the children of the
bride chamber that mourned for Him, not the
children of the world ; by that they might be
encouraged to believe they did belong to Him,
were his children, and He would manifest him-
self unto these iu his own good time. At an-
other time, in speaking of attending meetings,
she spoke of the manna gathered day by day
for the cliildren of Israel, that whether they
gathered much they had nothing over, or gath-
ered little there was no lack — so it is with our
Heavenly Father, whether He gives us much
of his blessed presence in our souls when we
meet before Him, or but little, still it will be
just sufficient if we have only been faithful in
gathering because He gives it, and all He gives
is right. Holy and reverend be his ever blessed
Name, sailh my soul."
(To be continued.)
A Way Por Men to Get Their Rights.
— There are many people who are very anx-
ious about their rights, but are not greatly con-
cerned about their duties. But if every man
does his duty every man is likely to get his
rights. No people have had more trouble about
getting their rights than the colored people of
the South. But so long as they remain in ig-
norance and indulge in idleness, whiskey drink-
ing, and all sorts of sin and foolishness, they
will find it difficult to get their rights or to get
anything else; but when they attend to their
duties their rights will be likely to be much
more easily obtained.
Booker T. Washington, one of their repre-
sentative men, speakiug of the Industrial Col-
lege over which he presides^ says : " In propor-
tion as we go on with this industrial teaching,
you will find better relations coming about be-
tween the black people and the white people.
The black man who lias a mortgage on a dozen
white men's houses will have no trouble in
voting. The black man that has five thousand
dollars to lend will not want for friends or bor-
rowers among his white neighbors. The black
man who spends five thousand dollars a year in
freight charges on a Southern railroad will not
be made to ride in a ' Jim Crow' car. Rather
than put that black man in a 'Jim Crow' car
and run the risk of losing his five thousand
dollars in freight charges, a Pullman palace
car will be put on for him. It is a slower pro-
cess than some would have it ; but it is along
these lines that we must look for the permanent
solution of this |)roblem."
And there are white men who are forever
complaining about their lot and grumbling
about gold and silver, and capital and wages,
who will never get many rir/hls till they droj)
whiskc)' and tobacco, and betake themselves to
the soil where God originally set man to work,
and there in diligence, piety, and economy find
the independence and comfort which they vain-
ly seek through combination, strikes, and all
the contrivances of an artificial and unhealth-
ful life.— Z,o/e Paper.
From Slave to Bishop.
Abraham Grant, one of the bishops of the
African Methodist Episcopal Church, was once
a slave, part of the property of Franklin Rau-
lerson, a Florida planter. Bishop Grant says:
" When my master returned from the battle-
field, he told my brother aud myself that we
were going to be free, and asked us to go to
Columbus, Ga., with his brother-in-law to be
sold, as it would help him out." The two men
did not meet again until a few weeks ago, when
the Bishop was presiding at a Conference in
Tampa. F. Raulerson, anxious to see his old
slave, but not having money enough to pay his
railroad fare to Tampa, hitched up his horse
and drove fifty miles to that city. The follow-
ing report of the meeting of these two men iu
such altered circumstances of life is given by
The Florida Citizen:
" The many memories which the meeting re-
vived awoke tender feelings. Thoughts of the
old days, when Grant was an unlearned slave
and the master a prosperous planter, arose, and
the present circumstances marked a strange
contrast. The hand of time had fallen heavily
upon F. Raulerson, and financial reverses had
reduced him to poverty. Bent with age and
clothed in humble garments, he sat in the pres-
ence of Bishop Grant, who had risen above his
race and stood as an honored man in the min-
istry, with the comforts of life attending his
high position.
"During their conversation Bishop Grant
asked his old master if he could do anything
for him. He told him that if he would leave
Florida and go to his (the bishop's) home in
Texas, he should be provided for during the
remainder of his life; but this F. Raulerson
declined, as he had a little home here and felt
that he had but a short time longer to live.
Before leaving the room he said to the bishop:
"'Bishop, I have but a short time on this
earth, and I want you to do something for me,
if you can, when I die. I want you to perf)rtn
the last ceremonies over me. Do you think
that you can come and bury me ?'
" Bishop Grant assured him that his wish
would be granted, aud that he would surely
come. After the talk F. Raulerson was taken
over to the church where the Conference was in
session, and as the two men walked up the aisle
together, arm in arm, a hush of expectation fell
upon the congregation. As they reached the
chancel rail they turned, and Bishop Grant in-
troduced F. Raulerson as his former master.
With tears coursing down his cheeks he spoke
kind words of him, and called upon his breth-
ren to look upon them at that moment as an
example of the feeling that should exist between
the races, for said he, ' We are all of one Crea-
tor and all of one image; we were raised to-
gether and should be brothers.' " — Selected.
I CAN in truth say, that I never spent any
money in my life more freely, or with more de-
light and satisfaction, than what I did to se-
cure Truth and the necessities of the Lord's
people: and this is the duty of all those upon
whom is bestowed this world's substance ; and
when I have at any time observed men of abil-
ity in this respect, narrow-spirited and loath to
part with their money upon such occasions, it
has grieved me to the he&vt— Joseph Pike.
The Story of My Life.
(Concluded from page 215.)
The following miscellaneous incidents wil
serve to further illustrate the character of souu
of the early Methodist preachers: —
William Taylor was requested to perforn
funeral services over the body of a Colone
Woodlief, who had been killed in a duel. Ii
reference to it, he remarks, "It is not an eas'
task for a minister, in the presence of such ai
auditory aud a weeping widow, to do justice t^
the cause of Truth and the feelings of his heai
ers. I once heard a minister preach at th
funeral of an alderman in San Francisco, au(
though the man was known to be a notoriou:
drunkard, and it was believed he had killei
himself by hard drinking, he was held up b;
the minister in the presence of the mayor, coud
cilmen, and a vast assemblage of citizens, as :
paragon of moral excellence. The impressioi
was conveyed that he had without doubt heei
admitted to glory because he was an honorabl
alderman of the city of San Francisco. M-
moral sensibilities were shocked. I would no
unnecessarily hurt the feelings of bereaves
friends, but thus to obliterate moral distinction
in character and indorse such men, without re
pentauce, as suitable subjects for the kingdon
of Heaven, gives the lie to God's holy word
and encourages sin. My fears for the effect c
that sermon on the community were such th;i
I was led, on the following Sabbath to preac
to a large audience on the Plaza from this text
' In hell he lifted up his eyes, being in torment
" On the occasion of Colonel Woodlief's fi
neral I said, My dear friends, you are doubtles
all acquainted with the person and charaete
of Colonel Woodlief, and the melancholy cii
cumstances of his death. He was, by birth,
fellow-Virginian with myself, and was alwaj:
I believe, regarded by those who knew him, a
a high minded, honorable gentleman, and
exceedingly regret that I cannot add, a Chris
tian. He was one of my regular hearers on th
Plaza, and was often deeply affected by th
word of Truth. Some months ago, just after
sermon there one Sunday afternoon, I said t
him, 'Colonel, allow me to introduce you t
Captain McDonald.' Taking him by the han
the Colonel said, ' I know the Captain ver
well, we fought side by side on the fields e
Mexico.' 'Ah, indeed ! and did you know,'
replied, ' that the Captain has embraced relif
ion since he came to California?' ' O, yes,'sai
he, ' I know that, too ; he told me all about it
' Well,' said I, ' do you see what a great chang
it has wrought in him '?' ' Yes,' said he, ' I se
it, I see it.' His eyes filled with tears aud hi'
utterances were choked by strong eniotioi
When he could speak, he said, ' Don't talk t
me on that subject, I cannot stand it.'
"That was a gracious moment for Coloni
Woodlief. The Holy Spirit was touching tli
tender chords of his soul, and wooing him t(
ward the cross of Jesus. O, how sorry I ai
to-day that he did not yield to its blessed ii
fluence and become a Christian ! Religio
would have made him a happy and useful niai
and we would have been spared the mournfi
duty we are called upon to perform to-day. Fn
had he possessed the love of God in his hear
the probability is he would not have been cha
lenged ; aud had he been, he would have acte j
under a higher code than that adopted by chi\
alrous though erring men. lie would hav
exhibited a moral heroism, in standing for h .
duty to God, himself, his wife and to societ"
irst Mo. 30, 1897
THE FRIEND.
219
lat would have put to shame the moral co'.vanl
lat would engage him in mortal combat. O,
.at he had obeyed the calls of Goi's Hoi)'
))irit! Then, hid he died in the order of
rovidence, we would stand around his body
ith very ditterent feelings. We could then,
jdeed, mix a sweet solace into the bitter cujs
? the weeping widow. Beware, ray friends, of
■ieviug the Holy Spirit! Seek, while you
ay, God's pardoning mercy. Place yourself
ider his parental protection, as obedient chil-
len, that you may be saved from, or prepared
)r, the dangers and death incident to mortal
te. Jesus Christ, your best friend, is waiting
itw at the door of your hearts fur an answer.
,"0a my first visit to Red Holes as Keid's
sccessor, I rode up to the country chapel,
Itched ray horse, and walked in, and there sat
fo old ladies. I introduced myself, and they
sid, ' No one expects the new preachers so soon ;
l.ving to make two hundred miles from Cou-
t-ence on horseback, they can't be here for a
frtnight yet.'
■" Well, sisters, I am one of them, and I am
I're. Where are all your people?
'"'All our men are engaged at a log-rolling
squarter of a mile west of here. Some of the
\imen are helping to prepare the supper for
te log-rollers and the rest are at home.'
'" Well, sisters, I can't come all the way here
t Red Holes for nothing, so I'll tell you what
V will do ; you go round and tell all the women
c this neighborhood that the young preacher
f the circuit, sent by the bishop, will preach
Ire to night at early candle-lighting, and let
eerybody come and hear his message. Mean-
tiie I will go to the log-rolling and tell all the
Rn, and we'll have a crowd here to-night and
S'ood time. The dear old sisters waked up to
ti subject and spread the news widely.
"A log-rolling is a free thing, requiring
sength of muscle, but no ceremony of etiquette.
1 that country timber had no marketable
vlue. When a flirmer slew a forest the great
1:63 were cut into logs about fifteen feet long,
ad when the chopping was all done and all the
bsh piled in heaps and burned, then the men
f' many miles came by invitation and rolled
fB logs into great heap? so that they could be
brned. So I rode up to the edge of the clear-
i>, hitched my horse, and climbed the high
' aked and ridered fence,' and as I advanced
t'the front I picked up a handspike and went
t work, and exhibited my strength and supe-
rr skill in putting the big logs where they
vre wanted. I saw the mountaineers eyeing
T', and talking in undertones, expressing great
vnder who the stranger might be. I let them
g333 and wonder while I worked away till the
h', job was nearly completed, and the men
b^an to draw together within the range of my
V ce. Then I announced. The young preacher
s'lt to your circuit by the bishop will preach
iithe chapel to-night. Get through with your
siper as quickly as you can, and all come and
hir the young preacher. He is two weeks in
arance of time, hut he is one of that sort,
a/ays trying to take time by the forelock.
"Are you sure the preacher has come?'
'0, yes, indeed; there is no doubt on that
soject.
"Wonder if a great log-roller like you can
b the preacher ?'
'Come and see.
'Then they began a pretty free expression
0 their opinions, such as 'He's a tremendous
ftow to roll logs.' 'If he is as good in the
u of the Bible as he is of the handspike he'll
do.' 'lie's the 1,0V for tl.e mountaineers.'
•Come on, boys; we'll luar ih • ne'^' preacher
to-night.' In that afternoon I got a grip on
that people more than equivalent to six months
hard preaching and pastoral work. We had a
crowded house then and every time I preaciied
at Red Holes."
Isaac Owen, a fellow-missionary of William
Taylor, was stationed at Sacramento. Of him
the f lUowing circumstances are related : A cer-
tain doctor, in those early days of California iiis-
tory, was collecting auto-biographical sketches,
and, asking Owen to write, he penned the follow-
ing, " Isaac Owen was born in Vermont, raised
in Coorange, on White River, in the wilderness
of Indiana. Costumed in buckskin, fed on
pounded cake; educated in a log school-house
— the principal study in the course was Web-
ster's spelling-book; converted to God in the
woods; licensed to preach on a log; first circuit,
then called Otter Creek Mission, embracing a
part of five counties. Last heard of, a mL-^sion-
ary to California, and on a review of his life,
has no apologies to ofier for having been born."
He did not study in collegiate halls, but had
a thorough, practical education in real life, and
his Greek Testament was his constant compan-
ion.
The Lord gave him extraordinary will-power
from early boyhood, preparatory to his great
work in California. I once heard Bishop Mor-
ris say of him, " Owen never gives up; he always
does what he undertakes; if he can't do it one
way he will another."
When a little boy he was sent to hunt lost
cows, and got lost himself away in the wild
woods, in which wolves, wildcats and panthers
roamed at large. Night was spreading its dark
mantle over the scene, and the poor boy knew
not which way to go. True to his character,
as touched off by Bishop Morris in later years,
instead of yielding to the excitement of fear,
he stopped and set his genius to work to find
his way out, which he did in a few moments.
He cut a good hickory wiihe and caught hold
of his dog and gave him a good flogging, aud
shouted as he let him go, " Be off home, you
lazy dog ; what are you doing here?" The dog
cut for home as fast as his legs could carry him,
and young Owen after him at the top of his
speed. He thus got his bearings, and safely
reached his home a little after dark.
In the course of Brother Owen's ministry in
Indiana, he was stationed at Bloomington.
Finding in his new and important station a
rickety old frame house bearing the honorable
name ofihe Methodist Church, Owen announced
that the first work before them was to build a
spacious, substantial brick church.
Tne people with united voice replied, "The
thing, however desirable, is utterly impossible.
The people have no money, and owing to the
terrible draught of last year they have nothing
to .sell."
"Never mind," replied Owen, we are rich
in men — men who are rich in mind and muscle.
Don't oppose me, and inside of a f )rtnight we
shall have the brick all provided for and the
bricklayers to lay up the walls of the new brick
Methodist Church of the city of Bloomingion."
He did it. A Christian man of Indiana, told
me how Owen got the lumber for his new church
in about the following words:
"My fiither owned a saw-mill ten miles dis-
tant from Bloomington. Being a good man
and a liberal elder in the Presbyterian Church.
he made a standing ofler of a wagon load of
lumber as a gift to any new church within ten
(ifi.
s of his mill, rf-ard!evSof name
or deiiomin:ili(jn. So .Mr. Owen came to my
father's one day when I was uUscnt. He sub-
mitted lo my father a carefully prepared esti-
mateofall the lumber n<'ede<l for his new church,
and a;,'reed to furnish the I igs an<l have my
father saw them on shares, and then requested
father to give him the name.s of men wiibin
hauling distance who had good limber aud good
teams.
" Father replied, ' The man most able to help
is my near neighbor, Bob , but he is the
bitterest enemy of the Methodists iu all the
country.'
"Owen replied, ' I'll put Bob at the head of
my list. If he will give me a good subscription
of logs delivered, all the rest will give in with-
out a shot.' So they proceeded and made a
complete list. Then Owen said, 'Now, elder,
I want you to mount your horse and go with
me and introduce me to all these peo()le,'
" ' Indeed, Mr. Owen, I can't to-day, it is getr
ting late and it can't be done to-day. Vou
must come again, and I will see what I can do
for you.'
"Owen replied, 'My dear sir, I have only
this afternoon to devote to this whole business.'
" Just then I entered, and father said, ' Here's
my son ; he'll go with you.'
"The thing was ex|)lained to me, and my
horse being hitched to a limb, I said, ' Come
on,' and we mounted our horses.
"Owen said, 'Take me straight to Bob's
house. I'll get him to head my list.'
"So we rode to Bob's gate and called, and
were told that the gentleman was not at home.
"Owen said, 'I am very sorry to miss him.
I hope we'll meet him by the way.'
" We had not proceeded far till I saw him on
horseback, meeting us.
"Owen said, ' Don't introduce me, just let
me manage him.'
" As we got near, Owen jumped off his horse,
and ran up, shouting, 'How are you. Brother
Bob? My name is Isaac Owen, the Methodist
preacher who, is building a new brick church
iu Bloomington. The i)eople have no money,
so we got willing hands to do all the work.
The bricks aud brick-work are all provided
for, and I have just arranged with the elder,
your good neighbor, to saw all our lumber, and
I'm just on my way to get the men around here,
who have good timber and good teams to put
down all the logs needed at the saw-mill. I
learn that you have the best timber and the
best teams in all this region, so I have come to
you to head my subscription and set an exam-
ple for your neighbors. Some of them, you
know, are as close as the bark of their trees,
and would keep rae talking for an hour, but
when they see your name at the head of my
list, they will all give in at once.'
" Bjb did not hesitate a moment after Owen
was through, but signed for the delivery of the
biggest lot of logs of any man in the country,
and was the first to cut, haul and deliver, as
per agreement.
" Just as Owen had said, every man he called
on signed for the logs asked for'without a word
of discussion.
" Owen got all his lumber hauled to Bloom-
ington in the same way. When he came for
his free load of lumber my father offered to all
church builders in that region, he brought the
biggest six-horse team and wagon in the country,
and nearly cleared the lumber-yard. My father
said, ' Owen is the man for me. The Baptists
would have come with a two-horse wagon and
220
THE FRIEND.
First Mo. 30, 1897
put on half a load for fear of over- taxing my
generosity ; but Owen has faith in me, and
hence is not afraid ..f exceeding my liberality."
— Life of Wm. Taii/or.
A NEW YEAR'S HYMN.
For bud and for bloom and for balm-laden breeze,
For the singing of birds from the hills to the seas,
For the beaiitv of dawn and ihe brightness of noon,
For the lisht 'in the night of the stars and the moon.
We praise thee, gracious God.
For the sun-ripened fruit and the billowy grain.
For the orange and apple, the corn and the cane.
For the bountiful harvests now gathered and stored.
That by thee in the lap of the nations are poured,
We praise thee, gracious God.
For the blessing of friends, for the old and the new.
For the hearts that are trusted and Inisling and true.
For the tones that we love, for the liglit of the eye
That warms with welcome and glooms with good-bye,
We praise Ihee, gracions God.
That the desolate poor may find shdUr and bread.
That the sick may be comforted, nourished and fed,
That the sorrow may cease of the sighing and sad,
That the spirit bowed down may be lifted and glad.
We pray thee, merciful Lord.
That brother the hand of his brolher may clasp.
From ocean to ocean in friendliest grasp.
That for north and for south and for east and for west.
The horror of war he forever at rest,
We pray thee, mercifut Lord.
For the blessings of earth and of air and of sky.
That fall on us all from the Father on high,
For the crown of all blessings since blessings began.
For the gift, the "unspeakable gift" of thy Son,
We praise thee, gracious God.
— S. E.Adams, in the Century.
PER PACEM AD LUCBM.
I do not ask, O Lord, that life may be
A pleasant road;
I do not ask that Thou wouldst take from me
Aught of ils load ;
I do not ask that flowers should always spring
Beneath my feet ;
I know too well the poison and the sting
Of things too sweet.
For one thing only. Lord, dear Lord, I plead :
Lead me aright —
Though strength should falter and though heart should
bleed —
Through Peace to Light.
I do not a^k, O Lord, that Thou shouldst shed
Full radiance here;
Give but a ray of peace that I may tread
Without a fear.
I do not ask my cross to understand,
My way to see;
Better in darkness 'tis to feel Thy hand.
And follow Thee.
Joy is like restless day; but peace divine
Like quiet night ;
Lead me, O Lord, tVl perfect day shall shine —
Through Peace to Light.
^ — Holy Family.
" He givcth power to the faint ; and to them
that have no might He increa.seth strength.
Even the youths shall faint and be weary, and
the young men shall utterly fall : but tbey that
wait upon the Lord shall renew their strength ;
they shall mount up with wings as eagles; they
shall run, and not be weary ; and they shall
walk, and not faint"— (Isaiah si: 29-31).
" Trust ye in the Lord for ever: for in the
Lord Jehovah is everlasting strength" — (Isaiah
xsvi: 4).
" Pexn, like Plato and Fenelon, maintained
the doctrine so terrible to despots, that God is
to be loved for his own sake, and virtue to be
practised for it.< own inherent loveliness." —
Baiirrofi.
Notes of a Trip in the North Carolina
Mountains.
(Concluded from page 212.)
I was much interested always in noting pe-
culiarities of speech. For instance, people see-
ing I was a stranger, were generally curious to
know mv name. Sometimes they would put
the ques'tion point blank; sometimes a little
feeling of delicacy, probably, would make one
say, "Think you're a stranger to me ; what
might your name be?" And at times this cii-
rious circumlocution would be employed, "Hit
appears to me I've seed you before ; what might
your name be?" In reply to some statement
causing surprise, a woman said, " Now you tell
me!" A lunch was called a "snack." At bed
time, the regulation expression was, " If you
want to lay doum, the bed is ready." At meals
the milk pitcher was invariably tendered with
the set invitation, " Pour for yourself." The
word it was generally strongly aspirated at the
beginning of a sentence ; that is, pronounced
hit. On the Tennessee border, the usual salu-
tation was, " Howdy ?" or doubled, as I once
heard it, " Howdy-howdy ?" Places of worship
I often heard called Church-houses, — marking
a distinction between the church and the build-
ing in which the church meets, quite gratifying
to the Friendly mind. Probably the most
characteristic word of the mountains was plum,
which appeared to find a place in almost every
sentence. It seemed to have at least two sig-
nifications ; one being straight, as "plum through
to Ashevilie;" the other entire, as "I travelled
the plum mountain." Every collection of hu-
man habitations was called a settlement or set-
tlemint, with the accent strongly on the last
syllable.
Oneday the customary solitariness of my jour-
neying was pleasantly varied by coming unex-
pectedly upon a concourse ofseveral hundred peo
pie, gathered and gathering upon the banks of
the Caney River, to witness a " baptizin' " as they
called it. It was a broad, shallow river, flow-
ing swiftly between low banks, to which the
bare, open hills on each side dipped gently
Along the great road that wound over the hills
and crossed the stream by a ford, the people
were coming in wagons, a-foot and on horse-
back, (one woman, I noticed, on a pillion be-
hind a man), men, women and children, all
dressed in their best. It was a striking scene
— the rippling waters sparkling in the sunshine
of the beautiful summer day; the green, slop-
ing hillsides ; the great throng of moving people
on the shore ; the horses and vehicles lined up
along the banks. I did not wait to see the
ceremony performed, but was told about twenty,
boys, girls and grown people, were to undergo
the rite, and be dipped in the river.
Ashevilie is beautifully situated near the con
fluenceofthe Swannanda and French Broad
rivers, in a great basin, whose rim is a circle
of high mountains, from which, in summer, a
cool air usually blows, tempering the heat
The place is quite a summer resort for people
from the low country of the South ; whik
winter its mild, dry atmosphere attracts many
from the North, who wish to escape the severity
of our rigorous climate at that season. Indeed
the place might not be inaptly called a city of
hotels and boarding-houses. Some of the for-
mer being palatial in size and appointments.
One of the regulation sights for visitors is Bilt-
more, situated about a mile out of the city —
an estate of almost baronial proportions, with
a magnificent mansion ; the property of one of
the Yanderbilt family. More interesting to
however, was Court-house Square, in the
older part of the town. Here on a slight ele-
vation stands a picturesque, cupolaed court-
house, (Ashevilie is the County-seat of Bun-
combe County). Its walls decorated with an
accumulation of notices and posters, in many
sizes, colors and shapes. Around this square
the native life of Ashevilie ebbs, flows and stag-
nates. Here are groups of listless idlers, o)
whom a large proportion are colored ; teams
of various and curious sorts congregate about
the little grass plot, or move slowly by ; venden
of quack articles ply their noisy trade among
groups of interested but rather penniless audi
tors ; and here the auctioneer's bell calls tc
sales. Just round the corner are the markets
where there is much to be seen new to Northeri
eyes. Indeed Ashevilie is in one respect some-
thing of an education. In its streets, the 01c
South and the New meet, and the contrast serves
to emphasize the advance in an outward wa)
that is going on there. Side by side in the sami
thoroughfare we may see the trolley-car anc
the mountaineer's canvas-covered wagon, draw:
by oxen, or perhaps by an ox and a mule. Ii
the great hotels, the telegraphic records of thi
markets of the world are on tile daily for th(
benefit of the guests ; at the curbstone, th(
mountain squatter with his wide-brimmed ha
flapped up in front, stands by his rickety team
patiently awaiting customers for his bushel o
two of peaches, or it may be a load of wood
To these poor people, rather than to the pros
perous, one's thoughts return again and again ^
To the pleasure-seeking visitor, taking his dail; I
drive to the mountains or the river, they ar ;
interesting in a picturesque sort of way, ant
Ashehvile would lose something of its attractive
ness if they were gone ; but there is a world o
pathos in their homely faces, and scanty, di
lapidated belongings— the more so,because the}
bespeak not merely poverty, but a pitiful inca
pacity. In the midst of the growing, moderi
city, they remain like relics of an age that i
past — driftwood left high and dry upon th
Ijank by the remorseless stream of material pre
gress. S.
Philadelphia, Twelfth Mo. 24th, 1896.
Ix polite society it used to be customary t
deny one's self, and " not at home " was a fiasb
ionable mode of lying. This habit has, we trusi
come to an end, but many of the compliment
still exacted by etiquette may come under tb
same censure. Men who hate each other ar
full of" My dear sir," and call themselves th
" obedient servants" of persons whom they re
gard with supreme contempt. These are mer
straws, but they show how the wind blows.
However much falsehood may be tolerate'
by society, it is none the less loathsome to ever
pure-minded man ; but it is not one whit th
less abominable in the sight of God becaus
men combine to keep it in countenance. Il
most horrible form is seen when professin
Christians become double-tongued and hav
one voice in religion and another voice in con
mon conversation. Who is not disgusted wit
lips candied with affected love, and yet bitte
with malicious hate? It is dreadful to spea
like a saint at one time and like a devil £
another. We have known persons who hav
talked so unctuously of Divine things in relij
ious meetings that they have won a high repul
for godliness out of doors, while at home undt
the little provocations of common life, the
have habitually raved and stormed, and k
irst Mo. 30, 1897
THE FRIEND.
>21
,heir children and servants a sorry life. This
hing deserves no quarter. Occasionally we
lear of fictitious experiences, and listen to won-
Jerfiil narratives of events which never occur-
ed, this also is execrable.
Actions have as plain a voice as words, and
here is a duplicity of life which is (juite as evil
s verbal falsehood. Many characters are dou-
ile tongued. Spence said of Lady Mary Wort-
ey Montague, that she was a shining character,
but like a camel she is all irregidarity, and
Iways wandering." He calls her " the most
pise, most imprudent, loveliest, most disagreea-
•le, best natured, cruelest woman in the world."
These forms of practical contradiction arecoin-
ioon : some are intolerably liberal, others are
erocious advocates of peace, or intemperate
ipon intemperance. We have known persons
*ho were rashly slow, and imprudently wise.
lot and cold in five minutes. You would think
he man to be two persons till you revised your
■pinion and reckoned him to be nobody at all
lecause one side of his character neutralized
he other. Nothing is more sad than to see
hat things do not tally in a man's character.
Ve have known great pleaders for generosity
vho were themselves miserably stingy. We
lave heard of persons who have been wonderful
[ticklers for "the truth," meaning thereby a
ertain form of doctrine, and yet they have not
egarded the truth in matters of buying and
elling, and with regard to the reputations of
heir neighbors, or the incidents of domestic
ife. ."These things ought not to be." If by
, peaking the truth we shame the devil, we must
)e consistent in it as long as we live, or surely
he devil will shame us
-Cho
•^piirgeon.
For "The Fkihnd."
At the Spring,
"The nearer the spring the clearer the stream."
low true these words have seemed to me.
iVhere is Christianity purer, simpler and truer,
.ban at the spring, or beuinning of Christianity,
vhen our dear Lord, Jesus Christ was upon
arth, and taught men to be Christians? No
^ne else has ever lived bis perfect. Christian
ife. He was the spring or beginning of Chris-
ianity. And his followers seemed to increase
ind flow on, as the river widens from the spring,
videning and widening until it runs into the
;reat ocean. As it leaves the spring it is pure
ind sparkling, but as it advances it is corrupted,
mtil it is muddy and no more a clear, beautiful
tream ; and as it empties into the ocean it has
jathered all the waste and corruption it found
in its way, and gives them to the ocean, which
eceives all the waters of the rivers when they
ire corrupted and through their course. So it
3 with the ocean of life; it receives all the
ivers and corruption of life ; all the joy, sorrow,
Time and corruption of generations. But the
pring is the beginning, when all is pure and
.nnocent, ere life has been contaminated by sins
if the world.
■ But we are glad there are many souls who
ire always seeking the pure water at the spring
ind not seeking new things in the river of cor-
uption. Many will always keep out of a cor-
upted current and seek a life higher than drift-
<ng with the current and seeking luxury. 'Tis
langerous to drift, unless God's arm upholds
is; but we must swim and escape the dangers
if life. It has always been when luxury and
■lissipation rule a country it must fall.
If we would have the pure water, we must go
)ack to the spring, where it has not been eor-
uptcd by earthly matter. And is it not so with
religion ? If we want the very purest and truest
must we not go back to Jesus Christ, the teacher
and living example of God's religion? Can
anyone say that there has ever been a better
teacher, or one more inspired than Jesus? And
as his teachings were spread through the world,
have we not seen them being made less pure
and simple, the farther they got from the time
of Christ? And so the river of religious thought
would run on until it became C()rru|)teil and a
reform must come, and the world must go back
to the spring again for pure water, and a new
river would be started, always purer and clearer
at the beginning; but again, as it flowed along,
it would gather the corruption from the worl(l
and become more worldly until again reformers
would arise and go back to the spring, and
leave the corrupted waters. Thus it is history
repeats itself.
Every reform aims for a more Christ-like life ;
but it is the worldliness that, in time, fills the
new river with corruption. And as the fabled
Fhwnix arises from its ashes and soars upward,
so must the religions of the world. For some
who do not arise drift, on into atheism. So let
us keep near the spring, the source of living
water.
Do we not see it the same in politics, the
longer one party is in power the more corrupted
it becomes, until a reform comes about, and the
old party must die to make room for the new.
A new spring will bubble forth, where all
will be purer and truer, with nobler aims for
God and humanity It is always the noblest
motives that start a reform. But as it, like a
river, flows on, it is corrupted in time by the
selfishness and worldliness of the world, until
it becomes so corrupt that another reform is
necessary to take politics back to a Christian
stand-point, to go back to the spring, where the
water is clean and pure.
Man may advance intellectually, but let us
remember that spiritually we can never advance
beyond or know a religion better than that of
our Saviour Jesus Christ. He always has been,
and always will be, our greatest human teacher.
Martha Shepard Lippixcott.
MooRE-STOWN, Burlington Co., N. .J.
If it may be permitted to one not in mem-
bership with any religious organization thus to
speak through the columns of The Friend, I
wish to say that on reading a recent article in
that journal, by which I understand that the
students, or some of them, have asked permis-
sion of the officials of the Westtown Bnarding
School to allow them to play a game in compe-
tition with other students, I feel that I only
speak the truth when I say that all within me
capable of feeling, was filled with desires that
those oflicials may be firm, immovable, and
allow no such thing to take place. And to the
dear young people I would say, though one
thousand miles separate you and me, my hope
is that you may come to see the impropriety of
such a course. For it seems clear, no doubt, to
your superiors, as it does to your absent and
unknown friend, that when an amusement,
though in itself innocent, becomes so applauiled
by the fashionable, if not to say the ungodly
and irreverent, that seek only the glory of this
world, that it is made an evil of the first mag-
nitude. It is better that it be at once buried
in the gulf of oblivion, and remembered no
more forever.
From the pen of one that feels that he does
love the principles of the Society of Friends.
Fii-st Mo. ')ih, 1897.
The True Inwardness of the Canvass.
[Nciw that ihi- election is over, and it is |)09-
sible t(j refer to the princijilcs that have been
at stake, without being »us[>ected of having any
electioneering purpose, we propo.se to place be-
f ire our readers occasional articles which may
tend to remove the mists which have cloudc-d
the intellectual atmos|)here. The following arti-
cle, by Henry Charles Ivea, ajjpcared in The
Independent, an<i appears to be worthy of seri-
ous thought. The Editor does not holil hira-
.self resi)onsible for all the statements it contains.
—Ed]
" It has appeared to me that in the present
canvass attention has been strangely diverted
from the real significance of the movement of
which Mr. Bryan is' the personification. The
issues which are prominent on the surface have
been discussed with unsurpassed ability, and if
this campaign of education, which has been .so
active in the ])ress and on the stump, does not
succeed in winning, it will be because of a deep-
flowing current of prejudice and |)assion which
has been unheededly allowed to gather strength.
Yet to the thoughtful observer the tendencies
which have resulted in this unexampled strug-
gle have been growing for years, and were bound
to seek expre.ssion in action as soon as a favora-
ble opportunity should present itself.
"The chronic unrest and revolt against ex-
isting social conditions so prevalent in Europe,
which have given rise there to so much anxiety
and so much energetic repression, have been
gradually but surely spreatling among our peo-
ple. To one who can read the signs of the
times, there have been ample indications of
this, although with the hapi)y optimism which
is one of our national characteristics, they have
been carelessly overlooked. The Wheel and
the Grange in the West and .South developed
inevitably into the Populism. In the North
and East the theories of Henry George com-
manded for him s<ime eighty thousand votes
when he ran for the mayoralty of New York.
. . . The jihenomenal circulation of Edward
Bellamy's wild romance, ' Looking Backward,'
and the attempted formation of associations to
promulgate its visionary schemes, were an evi-
dence of the prevalence, even among the read-
ing classes, of the vague yearning for impo.ssible
social conditions. Learned professors and pious
clergymen have aided the movement, keenly
alive, as they are, to the defects of existing con-
ditions from both a sociological and a Christian
])oint of view, and too impatient to recognize,
in the gradual rise of wages, the shortening of
the hours of labor, the fall in the rate of inter-
est and the cheapening of products, that labor
is slowly but surely winning in the struggle
with capital, and that the future is full of hope,
that natural causes, if left to themselves, will
diminish social inequalities and raise the stand-
ard of living throughout the whole population
so that all shall share in the benefits derived
from man's increasing control over the physical
forces. The organizations known as trusts and
syndicates, inseparable from the immense ex-
pansion of modern industry, have served as the
target of virulent denunciation, and have lent
added stimulus to discontent, though it would
be difficult to point out in what they have
heightened the burdens of the poor by raising
the cost of the necessaries of life. They have
afforded, however, a convenient text for the de-
clamation of demagogs against plutocrats, and
their methods in connection with legislation have
given grounds for animadversion, though it is
222
THE FRIEND.
First Mo. 30, :
observable that the most obnoxious of all syn-
dicates of plutocrats, the silver mine owners,
whose control of the Senate has brought untold
miseries on the whole laud, has escaped attack
by craftily utilizing the socialistic tendencies as
its instruments for the enhancement of its pro-
fit?.
"Anarchism and socialism are antagonistic ;
but as both aim at the subversion of the existing
order they can join hands for that purpose, con-
tent to struggle subsequently for supremacy.
The lawless spirit which is the essence of an-
archism, has been spreading among our people,
and there is ample evidence that its growth has
become one of the dangers to be reckoned with.
The increase of lynch law is a significant symp-
tom ; the vast developmeut of the tramp nui-
sance, unknown until within the last few years,
with its constantly multiplying cjses of violence
and disorder, is a still more portentous manifes-
tation ; and its organization into Coxeyite bands
showed how large are the numbers of those
eager on any pretext to lead a life of idleness
by preying "on the industrious. Mob-rule as
exhibited in the Homestead disturbances and
the Chicago riots has become so dignified as an
expression of the so-called rights of labor, that
its justification thinly veiled, finds a place among
the principles promulgated by one of the great
political parties, and its suppression is denounc-
ed as a crime to be prevented by violating or
amending the Constitution.
" It is easy to trace the steps by which these
disorganizing elements have been able to as-
sume their present threatening position. In the
canvass of 1892 the skilful managers of the
Democratic Party obtained success by amal-
gamating in support of Mr. Cleveland all the
dangerous classes of the laud ; Mr. Cleveland
cemented this unholy alliance by his disgrace-
ful letter of sympathy with the Homestead mob.
In his inaugural address he lifted his voice
in denunciation of plutocrats, and in his first
message he pandered to socialism by recom-
mending an income tax to be levied on certain
special aggre;^ations of capital. Too many con-
tradictory pledges, however, had been accepted
by him for all to be kept ; he suppresed the
Chicago riots and was firm on the silver ques-
tion. The Democracy was thus split into two
factions ; its socialistic and anarchistic elements
had achieved national standing by their recog-
nition in the canvass; denied a portion of the
promised reward they set to work vigorously,
but secretly, to capture the organization of the
party. In this they were assisted by the money
and brains of the silver-mine owners, but still
more by the distress which has overspread the
land through the destruction of confidence fol-
lowing the election of 1892, aggravated by the
impending menace of silver mouometalism, and
through the fatuous and cruel revenue legisla-
tion of the successful party. Empty stomachs
and cheerless firesides furnish a fruitful field
for the agitator and the demagog; when mil-
lions in enf)rced idleness feel the pressure of
want they listen eagerly to the promises of the
political mountebanks and charlatans, and are
recklessly ready for a change, no matter of what
kind ; for they argue that the future cannot be
worse than the present. It is this class, com
bined with the followers of Debs and Sovereign,
chafing under its defeat at Chicago, that forms
the unknown quantity in the existing political
equation. On this the hopes of the pseudo-
Democracy are based, as may clearly be rec-
osnized in the multitudinous speeches of Mr.
Bryan. The question of protection he ignores ;
silver occupies a constantly diminishing space
in his rhetoric; his efforts are more and more
directed to stimulating class hatred, to exciting
the poor against the rich and to undermining
respect for the wholesome restraints of law.^
For "The Fribsd."
The Penn Parchment.
At a council held in the ofliceof the agent of
the Kiowas and Comanches the thirty-first of
First Month, 1874, at which I was present. Cap-
tain Black Beaver, a Delaware Indian, in ad-
dressing the Kiowa and Comanche chiefs, said :
"The Quakers are your friends; their Father
made a treaty with the Indians more than two
hundred years ago, in which both parties had
bound themselves, and their children after them,
to be friends to each other forever. His words
were, ' While sun and moon shall endure, grass
grow, and water run.'
" This treaty has never been broken ; the In-
dians have never taken any Quaker's blood,
and the Quakers have always been true friends
to the Indians. I am not telling you this from
heresay ; though this treaty was made so long
ago, a copy of it has been kept by my peo-
ple— my own eyes have seen it and my own
hands have held it. Our grandfather at Wash-
ington knew about this treaty, and for this rea-
son has sent the Quakers among us. He knew
they would do right by his red grandchildren."
Afterwards, in conversation with Ciptain
Black Beaver, at his own home on the Washita
River, where he had a large farm, I inquired
particularly about the copy of the treaty Wm.
Penn gave the Indians. As he had seen it, and
held it in his hands, I would like to see it and
hold it in my hands. In answer to my inquiry
he gave me the following account. He said :
" When Wm. Penn gave it to them, he told
them to keep it for their children, who should
live after them. They accordingly placed it in
the hands of their principal chief, for its pres-
ervation. Other treaties as they were made were
deposited with him, but this he kept separate
and distinct from the others. When this chief
died these documents were taken care of by his
successor. Afterwards, when other treaties were
made, as this treaty of Peace and Friendship
made with Wm. Penn concerned several tribes,
they, in a general council selected a person to
have especial cave of this first, or as they called
it, ' Great Treaty.' "
On his death another was chosen, and so it
continued to be preserved for many years by
persons selected in a general council. Event-
ually, as the different tribes became scattered,
the Delawares retained possession of it, and it
was preserved by them as it had been before,
the tribes in council making choice of a relia-
ble person to take care of it. As time passed
on and the tribe was removed westward, this copy
fell into his hands, and he had it in his po.ssession
until the breaking out of the Civil War. He
was then living on the north side of the Washita
River, where the Wichita Agency was afterward
located.
While on his visit to a sister in the Chicka-
saw Nation, he learned that an officer whom he
had known duringthe Mexican War was in com-
mand of a neighboring fort (I think either Fort
Arbuckle or Fort Washita), and went to make
him a visit. Here he first learned of the seces-
sion of the S)uthern States.
As the Chickasaws aud Choctaws, by whom
the Fort was surrounded were slave owner.'*, the
commander of this garrison found himself com-
pletely hemmed in by Southern sympathizers, if
not actual abettors, so that he saw no way to
escape with his force from his embarrassed con-
dition. He laid his situation before Captain
Black Beaver, who knew the whole country
well, calling upon him to help him out of his
difficulty. The Captain at first objected on ac-
count of the exposed condition his own property,
principally cattle and ponies, would be in, and
the loss he might be liable to sustain if he did
not remove it to a place of safety.
On being assured by the commanding officer,
(whose name I do not recollect), that Govern-
ment would fully reimburse any loss he might
sustain while endeavoring to rescue Governn^ent
troops and property from evident destruction,
he finally agreed to make the eff"jrt to conduct
them to a place of safety. This, from his inti-
mate knowledge of the country and acquain-
tance with the wild tribes at the westward and
northward, he was enabled to successfully ac-
complish, although it necessitated an absence of
several weeks from his home.
Soon after setting out, on his return he met
with his neighbors, the Wichitas, Caddoes, and
a few families of Delawares fleeing from their
homes in consternation.
The Chickasaws and other slave-holding In-
dians having invaded their country, had burned
his buildings, laid waste his farm, and taken
his stock. Thus rendered destitute and home-
less, not daring to return, he remained with
these friends on the Arkansas River, in Kansas,
until the■^va^ closed, at the place where Wichita
City now stands, which received its name from
these Indians, being so long encamped there.
After the war was over he returned with
these Indians to their old homes on the Washita
River. Finding his old home entirely desolated
and overgrown with brush, Capt. Black Beaver
made a new farm on the south side of the river,
about three-fourths of a mile from his former
residence, where he was living when I knew
him.
In the destruction of his old home, the Penn
Parchment, so long and so carefully preserved
by the Delawares, was burned. Captain Black
Beaver instituted a claim on the Government
to indemnify him for his loss. This was sup-
ported by the testimony of the officers of the res-
cued garrison, and after several years' delay, he
was officially informed that Congress had ap-
propriated twenty thousand dollars to cover his
claim; but what became of it he never knew,
as not one dollar of it ever came to hira.
A daughter and a nephew of Ciptain Black
Beaver attended the school at the Wichita
Agency during the eight months I was engaged
in it. The daughter, Lucy, afterward married ■
a white man by the name of Osborn, who was-
killed in his cornfield during the battle of the
Washita River in 1874. The nephew (soldier),
perished in the flames when the first school-
house erected at the Wichita agency was burned.
Tho.mas C. Battey.
For "The Friend."
Third Annual Report of the Barclay Home
Association.
The Managers of the Barclay Home present
to the Corporation the following report of the
third year of the Institution, knowing it to be
brief and incomplete, as we cannot give a de-
tailed account of the obstacles that have been
encountered, and of the help that has been re-
ceived.
The family has varied much in size during
the year — one Friend has been added to the list^
of permanent boarders, and a large number of
i'irst Mo. 3(1, 1897
THE FRIEND.
223
iraDsients have been accommodateil, some for
nieal onl}-, while others have remained for
louths. In the summer the house was full for
i3veriil weeks. At present there are six regular
.oarilers, and two persons have engaged board
jr the winter.
i It is with feelings of sadness that we have to
^cord the removal by death of two members of
ur family, both of whom had become endeared
) those having intercourse with them during
-leir stay at the Barclay. Matilda Shourds, of
laddontield Monthly Meeting, N. J., died after
protracted illness, on the sixteenth of Second
lonth, 1896. Several months previous to her
eath, she informed a friend she felt " it was
jrough the hand of the Great Master that the
ay was opened to come here."
Anne B. Pilfield, formerly of Philadelphia,
,ied third of Fourth Month, 1896. This dear
I'riend was suddenly summoned to her heavenly
ome, only living one week after having been
ricken with paralysis, but we reverently be-
eve she was found with her lamp trimmed and
urniug.
, We continue to rent and occupy the commo-
ious house. No. 326 North Walnut St., West
.hester, Penn'a, and while it has many advan-
Iges, especially for the summer, it has some dis-
flvantages which were explained last year as
>llows :
I "Its wide halls, high ceilings and large rooms,
owever inviting to visitors and pleasant to the
pcupants, make the heating an expensive item,
ind in various ways it is not so well adapted to
lie needs of a boarding home as one planned
Jnd built for that purpo.se might be. Therefore
e wish most earnestly to impress on the Cor-
-oration, and through it, on the rest of our
'riends in the Yearly Meeting, the desirability
f raising a building Fund sufficient to war-
mt the erection of a permanent home."
I Donations of money, provisions, etc., have
een regularly reported to the Executive Com-
jiittee by the Treasurer and the Matron as re-
jived, including the amount collected for the
urpose of paying the rent of a telephone for
le year ending Seventh Month 1st, 1897; sheets,
|)wels, etc., from the Needlework Guild ; carpet,
;irniture, newspapers, poultry, vegetables, fiesh
nd canned fruits have been received. The pro-
iisions have added very acceptably to the va-
ety of the food, and all these valuable dona-
.oDs of articles enable us to use those of cash
herever they are most required.
, In times of sickness we find our expenses
luch increased, and feel that so far we have
ipplied the needs of our invalids ; but that our
3ility to do so has been largely through the
;nerosity of Friends interested in individual
(ses or in the general welfare of the Home.
: We regret that it is impossible for us to es-
ress our gratitude lo each person who has in any
,ay increased the comfort of the Barclay, and
8 ask our annual contributors who so substan-
ally help us, to endeavor to get others to join
ith them in the good work of assuring the
(anagers a definite sum each year. We heartily
ipreciate the donations and kindly interest of
;ios8 who may feel they have little to spare, and
,2sire them to remember that the least ofl^ering
lay be the one needed at the time, and as ac-
■"ptable in the sight of our Heavenly Father,
i are the greater ones.
The Treasurer's report shows the financial
)ndition of the Home to be as follows :
alance in the Treas'y, Twelfth Mo. 1st, '95, 8373.10
nnual Subscriptions $ 250.00
intributiona for general purpose?, 62.00
Receipts from boarders, etc l,-"0.'<.;;.5
Kntraiice lee lUO.OO
Interest on investuienls of $l,0tiO, . •')0.00
Total rece
ipts for IS'JO, . .
.... 1,0703
House rent, .
Room rent, .
Household ex
Total onl
I's, incluilingsular
iS2,:M3.4
. $ 350.00
2 5(1
es, l,r,x,x,:i
.... l.'.iss.i
Balance on band Twelfth Mo. Ist, "JC, . . $ 355.32
We have examined the accounts of Mary E.
Eldridge, Treasurer of the Barclay Home, com-
pared her payments with the vouchers and lind
them correct, there being a balance. Twelfth
Month 1st, 1896, of three hundred and fifty-
five dollars and thirty-two cents (8355.32), in
her hands, due the Barclay Home.
Edward H. Hall,
Wm. Scattergood.
First Month 2nd, 1807.
On behalf of the Board of Managers,
Deborah G. Brintdn, Fres't,
Anne T. Eldridge, Sec';/.
Wkst Chester, Pa.
THE FRIEND.
FIRST MONTH 30, 1897
In common, we suppose, with the great bulk
of the well-disposed and thoughtful people of
the United States and Great Britain, we have
been interested in the negotiation of a treaty
between these two countries, providing for the
settlement by arbitration of disputes which may
arise, instead of referring them to the horrible
alternative of war.
In the glow of satisfaction which arises from
the successful completion of negotiations which
had been in progress for nearly two years, it is
wise to remember the Scripture testimony that
wars and fightings arise from the lusts that war
in our members, and to realize that, next to the
immediate interposition of Divine mercy, the
surest safeguard against the evils of war, is the
maintenance of that Christ-like spirit which
breathes peace on earth and good will to man.
Indeed, the truest lover of his country is the
man who by example and precept labors to
bring all uiider the Government of the Prince
of Peace.
Although we rejoice with a degree of trem-
bling ; yet we cannot but consider this treaty as
a forward step in the intercourse of nations, and
one which it may reasonably be hoped will tend
to the increase of that righteousness which ex-
alteth nations.
The negotiations for the treaty began about
two years ago, but were interrupted by the death
of Secretary Greshani, and remained in abey-
ance until ill the Third Month of last year, Lord
Salisbury instructed the English Ambassador
to renew the subject, suggesting five heads of a
proposed treaty. Secretary Olney was satisfied
with some of these, but proposed substitutes to
others. The negotiations were not finally com-
pleted until the'eleventh of the present (First)
Month, when Sir Julian Pauncefote received a
final cablegram from England, authorizing him
lo sign it. About n<.'on he called on Secretary
Olne}-. The two plenij'otentiaries presented their
crede"ntials to each other. The process of sign-
ing is thus described in the Ledger of Philadel-
phia :
Sir Julian was given an extra brcid-iioinled stub
steel pen, in a "plain gulta percha holder, and
promptly wrote "Julian Pauncefote"' on the British
CO]))'. The .'Secretary of State wrote '' Uidiari] <>\-
ni\ ' under the other nipnalure, and llieii rep«aled
hi.s sijrnalure in tlie (irsl place on the Anitricao
copy, after which the A in ba.'«!<ador wrote IiIb nuiuc
below the Heeretury's'.
A fflate Departnienl clerk li);hted a taper, and
put a drop of rtealing-wax alter eatli I'lj.'nature and
adixed the proper seals, .""ecretary <»lney'« being
the Hinf.'le letters " R. ().," surrounded by a bonier
cut in bra.s.s, while Sir Julian's bore his crest en-
^'raved upon an agate seal, which he brought with
Idm for the purpose.
Tlie formalities having been completed, the Sec-
retary and Sir .lullan ."hook liands, congratulating
lacb other, and the liritisli representative returned
to the Kuibas-y, takini: his copy of the docunicnl
with him. 'ibe .Viiieiican copy was immediately
.sent over to the Executive Mansion and delivered
to the President, who a little later sent il to Ibe
Senate, with a message asking for its ratification.
The British copy, which was signed first by .Sir
Julian Pauncefote and subsequently by .Secretary
Olney, and the United States copy, signed first by
Secretary Olney and then by Sir Julian Paunce-
fote, are known as the original copies, and each
Government permanently retains its own. Alter
the Senate shall have given its advice and consent
to the ratification of the treaty, it will he neces-
sary to make an exact copy of our treaty assigned,
and append thereto the President's ratificatloii.
This is known as the exchange copy, and will be
delivered to the British Government for a sindlar
copy received from it, the Britisli ratiticatiun being
signed by her majesty the Queen.
After this has been done the proclamation of
the President will be written in the original copy
of the treaty which was before the Senate, and the
treaty becomes effective.
There have been intimations in the public
papers that soiiie opposition will be made in the
Senate to the ratification of the treaty, partly
owing to the unpopularity of Secretary Olney.
It would be a sad instance of littleness of mind
and lack of statesmanship for any man to op-
pose a beneficent treaty on such unworthy
grounds. In reference to this, the X. Y. Herald
says :
The petty spirit of opposition to the arbitration
treaty which seems to be fomenting in the Senate
is well calculated to try the patience of the coun-
try— and all the more so since the spirit is evidently
prompted by jingoism, partisanship and personal
considerations, none of which should have any
force or influence in the matter.
This treaty, the most important of the century,
embodies the sober sentiment of the American and
English peoples in favor of peace and amity. It
is a step forward in the progress of civilization
which has been hailed with acclamation in Europe
as well as in the United States. It is a guarantee
of peace directly to the two great Anglo-Saxon na-
tions and indirectly to the other Powers of the world.
The Senate of the United States cannot afl"ord
either lo defeat or delay the ratification of this
grand international peace compact. No patriotic
Senator can afford to go on record against it. Jingo-
ism and petty politics mu.-t give way to patrioii-m
and statesmanship. The sober sentiment of the
people and the true interests of the country de-
mand the early ratification of the treaty.
The treaty was transmitted to the Senate, ac-
companied with the following message :
lo f/ie Seiwfe :—l transmit herewith a treaty for
the arbitration of all matters in difference between
the United States and Great Britain.
The provisions of the treaty are the result of long
and patient deliberation, and represent concessions
made by each party for the sake of agreement upon
the general scheme.
Though the result reached may not meet the
views of the advocates of immediate, unlimited
and irrevocable arbitration of all international con-
troversies, it is, neverthele.-^s, confidently believed
that the treaty cannot fail to be everywhere rec( g-
nized :rs making a long >tep in the right direction,
and a-s embodying a practical working plan by
which disputes between. the two counuies will
221
THE FRIEND.
First Mo. .iO, 1897
reach a peaceful adjustment as a matter of course
and in ordinary routine.
In the initiation of such an important movement
it must be expected that some of its features will
assume a tentative character looking to a further
advance, and yet it is apparent that the treaty
which has been formulated not only makes war
between the parties to it a remote possibility, but
precludes those fears and rumors of war which of
themselves too often assume the proportions of a
national disaster.
It is eminently fitting, as well as fortunate, that
the attempt to accomplish results so beneficial
should be initiated by kindred peoples, speaking
the same tongue and joined together by all the ties
of common traditions, common institutions and
common aspirations. The experiment of substitut-
ing civilized methods for brute force as the means
of settling international questions of right will thus
be tried under the happiest auspices. Its success
ought not to be doubtful, and the fact that its ul-
timate ensuing benefits are not likely to be limited
to the two countries immediately concerned should
cause it to be promoted all the more eagerly. The
example set and the lesson furnished by the suc-
cessful operation of this treaty are sure to be felt
and taken to heart sooner or later by other nations,
and will thus mark the beginning of a new epoch
in civilization.
Profoundly impressed as I am, therefore, by the
promise of transcendent good which this treaty af-
fords, I do not hesitate to accompany its transmis-
sion with an expression of my earnest hope that it
may commend itself to the favorable consideration
of the Senate. Grover Cleveland.
Executive Mansion, Jan. 11, 1897.
SUMMARY OF EVExXTS.
United States. — The Attorney General of the
United Slates has completed neg tiations, by the di-
rectiun of and with the approval of the Prrsident,
which will result in immediate steps for the fore-
closure of the Government lien on the Union Pacific
Railway. The Re..rj;anizatioD Comiuiltee has guar-
anteed that the United f-tates shall receive for its
claim and for the Union Pacific sinking fund not less
than $45,754,000 in Ciish. This is eq
principt
I of the subsidy b( mis, with interest. The sum
af $4,500,000 ca^h was on the 21st instant deposited
with a New York trust company as security for the
performance of the agreenient. The legal documents
will be presented to United States Circuit Court Judge
Sanborn, of St. Louis, who has j'iri-.diction in the case.
The taxable wealth of the colored population of the
Uniteil Stales is over $300,000,000.
The following Republican U. S. Senators were
elected last week: Jacob H. Gallinger, New Haiu|i-
shire: Thomas C. Piatt, N. York ; Boies Penro-e, Pa.;
Orville H. Platl, Connecticut ; Jeter C. Piitchard, N.
Carolina; Charles \V. Fairbanks, Indiana; William E.
Mason, Illinois; H. C. Hansbrough, N.Dakota, and
Henry M. Teller, Colorado. Pritchard, Hansbrough
and teller are Silver Republicans. The Democrats
elected were George G. Vest, Missouri ; James K.
Jones, Arkansas, and R. R. Kenney, Delaware. The
seat of the last-named will be conlested.
The .\nglo- Venezuelan Arbitralion treaty has been
practically concluded, and awaits the signatures of the
British .Embassador, and the Venezuelan Minister at
Washington, also ihe ralitication of tlie U. S. Senate.
North Carolina is a Stale into which there has,
perhaps lieen le.ss foreign iminigralion than any other.
According tu Ihe census of 1890, she had 1,600,000
inhabitants who were born in this c mntry, and but
3,700 who came into the world outside its limits.
A cold wave of unusual severity has swept over our
country this week. In .Mi^scuiri ailrop of tiU" occurred
in twenty-four hours. Wheat and fruit crops have
suflered, and the natural t;as supply has failed in some
places. The people of Fremonl, Ohio, were obliged to
go to bed to keep warm, and in many places nmch
sufl'ering has resulted for want of fuel, food and cloth-
ing.
Statistics of life insurance show tliat in the last
twenty-five years the average woman's life has in-
creased from about 42 years to nearly 40. or more than
8 per cent. In the same [leriod man's life average has
increased from nearly 42 years to about 44, or .5 per ct.
Ace irding to the Kansas Cily Star, in the Colorado
Desert, '' they have rain-storms iluring which not a
single drop of water touches the earth. The rain can
be seen falling from the clouds high above the desert,
but when the water reaches the strata of hot, dry air
beneath the clouds it is entirely absorbed before fall-
ing half the distance to the ground. It is a singular
sight to witness a heavy downpour of rain, not a drop
of which touches the ground. These strange rain storms
occur in regions where the shade temperature often
ranges as high as 128 degrees Fahrenheit."
What promises to be the greatest commercial dis-
covery of the decade has just been made at Muncie,
Ind , according to newspaper reports. Two men named
Whitely, who have been working on a method of cast
steel for two vears past, now announce that they have
met with complete success. The steel is cast by a secret
process known only to the discoverers. It is made of the
finest kind of imported metals, and can be cast in any
form, and is much superior to drop forging and stamped
sleel. Moreover, it takes a polish that gives it the ap
pearance of nickel. The steel has been named the
McHoffie. It is very fine-grained, free from air holes
and all kinds of flaws, and will bend before breaking.
Whenever shown to steel-users, they have appreciated
it. The Whitelys already have orders for over 100,-
000 sets of bicycle fittings of the new metal.
The Callowiiill Street cars, the last drawn by horses
in this city, have stopped running.
Deaths'in this city last week numbered 448, which
is 62 less than the previous week, and 76 less than the
corresponding week of 1896. Of the foregoing, 235
were males and 213 females: 85 died of pneumonia ;
42 of consumption ; 35 of heart disease; 32 of diph-
theria ; 19 of old age ; 16 of apoplexy ; 15 of inflamma-
tion of the brain ; 14 of nephritis ; 13 of cancer ; 12 of
inanition; 11 of bronchitis; 11 of marasmus, and 11
from casualties.
Markets, &e.—V. S. 2's, 95 a 97 ; 4's, lllf a 112};
new 4's, reg., I2I5 a 122; coupon, 122.T a 123; 5's,
reg., 113} a 1131; C(mpon, 114i a 115 ; currency 6's,
102 a 105.
Cotton was steady, with small sales to spinners, on
a basis of 7i%c. per lb. for middling uplands
Feed.— Spot bran ranged from $11.00 to |il2.00 per
ton for winter in bulk and spring in sacks.
Flour. — Winter super, $2.75 a $3.00; do., extras,
$3.10 aS3.40 ; Pennsylvania roller, clear, $4.25 a $4.40;
do., do., straight, $4.45 a $4.60 ; Western winter, clear,
$4.25 a $4.40; do., do., straight, $4.45 a $4.65; do.,
do., patent. $4.65 a $4.90 ; spring, clear, $3.75 a $4.00 ;
do., straight, $4.16 a $4.40; do., patent, $4.45 a $4.65 ;
do., favorite brands, higher. Citv mills, extra, $3.25
a $3.50; do., clear, $4.25 a $4.50: do., straight, $4.50
a $4.70 ; do., patent, $4.75 a $5.00. Rye Flour.—
$2.75 per bbl. for choice Pennsylvania. BtjCKWHEAT
Flour. — $1.25 a $1.40 per 100 pounds, as to quality.
Grain. — No. 2 red wheat, 91} a 9Uc.
No. 2 mixed corn, 26J a 2t)}c.
No. 2 white oats, 23 a 23.Vc.
Beef Cattle. — Extra, 4J a 5c.; good, 4j a 4|c.;
medium, 4} a 4|e.; common, 4 a 4Jc.
Sheep and Lambs. — Extra, 4} a 4?rc.; good, 3 J a 4c.;
medium, 3} a 300. ; common, 2| a 3c.; lambs, 4 a 5^0
Hogs. — Best Western, 5} aofc.; com., 5 a 5}c.; State,
4J a 5c.
Foreign. — Lord Salisbury has consented that the
Venezuelan Government shall nominate one of the
members of the Board of Arbitration. This removes
the last obstacle to the signing of the treaty.
It is pointed out by military and naval experts that
the ratification of the arbitration treaty would be the
means of saving Great Britain a large sum of money,
which that Government is now obliged to expend for
the extension and maintenance of forlificatiims and
naval fleets in American waters. At Halifax and
other seaports on the North Atlantic, the Bermudas
and other localities in the Carribean .Sea, and points
on the Pacific Ocean in the vicinity of Vancouver, the
British Government expends annually large sums in
the maintenance of fortifications and in keeping war
vessels in commission. It is estimated that ratifica-
tion of the treatv would result in a saving of at least
$5,000,000 annually to Great Britain in the direction
Slated. It would also materially lessen the supposed
necessity on the part of the United Slates for pushing
large expenditures for the erection of works of defense
on our coast. These are among (he minor benefits
that would result from the ratification of the pending
treaty of arbitration.
There are said to be ten Scottish dukes, five mar-
quises, twenty earls and five lords — forty in all— who
have a direct financial interest in the continuation of
the drink traffic. In England and Wales the names
of no fewer than 172 members iS the Upper House
appear as owners of one or more licensed places.
Spain has a population of 17,500,000, of which num-
ber 11,000,000 cannot read or write.
The Madrid Chamber of Commerce and other
bodies have cabled to Captain General Weyler pro-
testing against his order for the destruction within
three ditys of all the plantations and the buildings in
the Province of Havana that would be likely to prove
useful to the rebels.
Ulysse.s' Isle of the Cyclops, lying close to the
Sicillian coast near Aciscastello, has been presented
to the University of Calania by the Marchese Gravina,
its owner. The island is a basalt rock rising 300 feet
above the sea, and will be used as a biological station,
the university establishing extensive laboratories
upon it.
Severe shocks of earthquake have been experienced'
in the province of Delvino Epiriis, Greece. A num-
ber of villages have been destroyed, and it is feared
that many of the inhabitants of the province have
been killed or injured.
By an earthquake on the Island of Kishm, in the
Persian Gulf, on the loth inst., thousands of houses
were destroyed and 2500 persons killed ; 1400 bodie.-
have been recovered. Kishm Island is about fifteen
miles from the entrance to the Persian Gulf It is
seventy miles long, and its average breadth is twelve
miles. The population is estimated at 5000, most ol
whom are Arabs. The island belongs to the Iraan ol
Muscat.
Advices reached San Francisco by the steamer
Gaelic on the 23rd inst., of a terrible panic in a tem-
ple at Kwong Tow, China, in which 3t)0 men, women
and children perished.
Li Hung Chang's visit to the United States anil
England is likely to bear wondrous fruit if the storv
which the Washington Star tells is true. The Chinest
Government, it seems, is going to Anglicise, gradu-
ally, the Chinese people, as far as their language \>
concerned. The Peking Government has recently
issued instructions to the various Viceroys and Gov-
ernors of provinces of the Empire to establish school-
for the teaching of the English language and weslerc
sciences in all the principal cities of the country. Ac
cording to the wording of one clause in the genera;
instructions the reason for this is that China, in ordei
to keep herself on terms of equality and in touch with ,
the great powers of Europe, '' must educate the masse;
and encourage inventive genius and foreign learninf
among her |)eople, together with that love of counlr)
and home and that devoted patriotism so conspicu
ously ingrained in the hearts of those who have
studied such languages and sciences."
The Bishop of B)mbay, speaking of the bubonic
scourge, says : "At first the plague was confined It
one ward of ihe city, but it has spread from place tf
place, until no section is free from the disease. Sn
loo, all classes, including Europeans, have sufferec
from it. The published reports greatly underesli
mate the number of deaths, which is probably not lesi
than 200 to 300 a day. The native Christians havi
been marvellously jirolected. Not one, so far as 1
know, has suSi^red from the plague. A day has beet
appointed for special prayer to be observed by all 0
iise Church of England congregations, and has in
vited all other Christians to join with them. Thi-
has been done none too soon. Hindus, Mohammedan
and Parsees have in their own ways shown that the;
recognize the hand of Crod in the infliction, and knov
that deliverance must come from a higher than hii
man power."
The official returns of the output of the gold mine
of British Guiana for the year 1896 show that it wa;
in excess of $2,250,000.
Friend's Select School. — The second term 0
Friends' Select School will begin on Third day, SecoDi
Month 2nd, 1S97. J. IlE.SRy Bartlett, Sup't.
Westtown Boarding School. — For convenienc'
of persons coming to Westtown School, the stage wil
meet trains leaving Philadelphia 7.17 and 8.46 A. M
I and 2.53 and 4.32 p. M. Other trains are met whei
I requested. Stage fare on regular trips, fifteen centt
on special trips, twenty-five cents each way. To read
the school by telegraph, wire West Chester Phone St
Edw.\rd G. Smedley, Sup'l.
Died, on the fourth of Ninth Month, l.'^'.to, IsAA
WoRRALL, in the eightieth year of his age; a mem
ber of Hickory Grove Monthly and Particular Meel
ings. Having lived a quiet, inoffensive life, his en-
seemed to be clothed with resignation and peace.
-, on the sevenih of Ninth Month, 1896, Eliza
BETH KiRBY, in the eighty-eighth year of her age;
sister of the above, Isaac Worrall, and also a raembe
of the same meeting.
THE FRIEND
A Religious and Literary Journal.
VOL. LXX.
SEVENTH-DAY, SECOND MONTH «,
No. 29.
PUBUSHED WEEKLY.
Price, if paid in advance, $2.00 per annum.
guAscriptions, payments and business communications
received by
Edwin P. Sellew, Publisher,
Xo. 207 Walnut Place,
(Sjuthfrom Walnut Street, between Third and Fourth,)
PHILADELPHIA.
Articles designed for insertion to be addressed to
JOSEPH WALTON,
Moorestown, Burlington Co., N. J.
Entered as second-class matter at Philadelphia P. O.
liary and Letters of Deborah Brooks Webb.
(Continued from page 21S)
1870.— Third Month 1st.— I love to waken
;'ith a passage of Scripture in ray mind and al-
jiost in ray mouth. " Gol is not in all his
noughts," seemed to arouse me a few mornings
ince, and naturally the query arose, " Am I
Jassed with the wicked, of whom it is said,
God is not in all his thoughts,' " and it caused
be desire to arise to be more conformed to the
nmraand, " Wiiether therefore ye eat or drink
ir whatsoever ye do, do all to the glory of God."
'his is my desire. Next, He gave me on First-
■ay morning (proving), what is that good and
ccejrtable and perfect will of God, " Wait be-
')re Him, O, my soul, that thou raayst prove
is will concerning thee."
To a friend who had met with a serious ac-
Ident, she wrote Third Mouth 6th, 1870: " We
eard of the sad accident, and of thy subsequent
iffering, but my heart does not feel satisfied.
\ want to hear of thy getting well and about
gain, and being such a comfort to W — , I feel
ich sympathy for you both ; but you know
^here to retire to find the Almighty Arm of
'ower to lean upon. ' I worship thee, sweet will
f God,' is a state of resignation attainable even
y poor, frail, mortal man. May his blessed
ieace be in your hearts. I have thought so
iiuch of this heaveuly peace of lat«. He says,
My peace I give unto you.' It is not ours,
othing obtained from nature, nothing outward,
ut ' My peace,' a pure heavenly stream, an un-
ercurrent; all the waves and the billows, all
16 pains, trials, sufferings and sorrows, may
^st upon the surface, and we through his mercy
;e hidden as in the hollow of his holy hand.
ly soul has desired this again and again for
iiee, my precious friend, particularly through
lis season of suftering . . Farewell, dear, in
lim who can comfort and support thee."
20th.— First day. "As I live, saith the Lord,
very knee shall bow, and every tongue confess to
^>od,"etc. A day of searching from the Lord, and
ur meetings not very lively. Oh, that we were
lore of a cross-bearing people, and then we
hould feel more of the heavenly power in our
lidst.
One week ago, Richard Esterbrook, in the
lorning meeting, was very lively in supplica-
tion and testimony. His prayer for Divine
strength and guidance is just what we need
now in these perple.xing times, when new ways
and paths seem opening before many, and others
are perhaps opposing them with too much of the
creaturely activity. Thy pure Truth, O Lord,
we humbly implore. We love the old ways, but
want thy Truth to lead us.
27th.— First-day. Silent meeting to-day. Last
Third-day evening, the twenty-second, our be
loved friend E. A. held an appointed meeting
for the young Friends of this city, and was re-
markably helped to declare the Truth, standing
fifty minutes. To-morrow evening she is to hold
another for Friends generally. Oh, that Israel's
Shepherd may be near us. After this meeting
she ( D. B.), records :
Thanks be unto thy holy Name, O, Lird,
that thou didst help thy handmaidens.
Fourth Month 10th.— Sick at home. True it
is that man proposes but God dispo.ses. Having
had a heavy cold, it has confined me at home
two First-days. Last Fourth-day, some hemor-
rhages from the lungs caused anxiety, but as
they do not seem really diseased, I hope, by being
more careful, and doing le.ss, to avoid consump-
tion. But the will of my Heavenly Father be
done in all things. I am trying to be likdCath-
rine Evans and Sarah Cheevers, as recorded in
Sewall's History— have no will, but be like a
little babe in Christ.
17th. — Our Yearly Meeting time. Some
strangers here that we feel unity with, and with
some we have to wait in patience. My heart
was ready to exclaim, O, that those coming
from a distance would only sit in silence with
us until they feel the states, and then minister,
under the weight and solemnity of the occasion,
with the true-reaching unction, and not come as
with the rattle of words, and leave no room for
our own ministers to say anything.
Oh, Lord, thou knowest "all hearts, instruct
them more perfectly, I beseech Thee, rebuke
all forward spirits and give unto us a good,
solemn Yearly Meeting, that we may bless thy
Holv Name.
19th.— My birth-day. Oh, that I might be
more and more filled with Heavenly wisdom
and the Holy Spirit; filled with humility; filled
with holy watchfulness. Desiring this only will
not briug it— I must stand and watch and pray.
Fifth Month 8th.— Yearly Meeting all over,
and Friends gone home. We had an exercising
time, because of some who had zeal beyond
their growth, but Truth came o\'er all, and I
hope no tender plant is hurt in the pure life.
Oh, that all within our borders would unite in
carrying back the ark of God, the ark of our
testimonies into its former place, and see if He
then will not bless us. To-day our city was vis-
ited with a severe hail-storm from the west and
northwest. Many have had ten, twenty, or forty
squares of gla^s broken. We had over twenty,
and my school room facing the west had eleven.
How the warring of the elements laughed at
I the puny powers of man, and many were left
lat the mercy of the floods of water pouring in.
Cape May, Eighth .Month ;jr<l.- Our friend
Anna Conk 'has a house here, ami having ex-
tended an invitation to me, to visit her for a
short time, I have accepted it and am en-
joying my quiet room to-day, being slig.itly in-
disposed. I hope this sea.son will be a time of
renewing of strength for what is before nie. The
impression given befire Yearly Meeting that it
was time for me to ()rove what is his good and
perfect will concerning me, ha-s resulted in the
belief that it was his will I should offer a visit
to Exeter and Muncy Monthly Meetings and
the families composing them, in the pure love of
souls with the desire to gather them nearer t<J
Christ. Our last Monthly Meeting granted me
a minute for that purpose, ami my dear friends
Edward and Sarah A. Richie odercd to ac-
company me. Oh, my dear Heavenly Father,
be pleased to guide me and supply me, all this
journey through, for do I not desire to serve
thee and to glorify thy holy Name, with thy
dear Son, my Saviour a'ud lledeomer. Support
mv dear companions and give them to feel that
thy mercy is great toward them.
After enumerating the tamilies visited at
Greenwood Meeting, she says: "The country
around is quite mountainous, and the scenery
beautiful. I enjoyed it some, but my heart was
so much exercised before the Master, desiring
that He would conde-scend to help, that a mo-
ment's enjoyment was all that I could allow for
the enjoyment of such scenes."
Seventh Month 27th. — They were liberated
by Exeter Monthly Meeting to'visit the families
comp ising it, and were kindly waited upon by
Thomas E. Lee. She writes:
" While riding to OIney he showed us several
large and fine farms which were formerly owned
by Friends. They became unsettled and moved
westward, but it was remarkable (hat these
fiimilies did not prosper afterwards. How much
it behooves us to endeavor to keep in a con-
tented spirit and never move, without the pure
constraining of his Holy Spirit. After visiting
the few families at Maiden Creek, we took the
cars for Muncy. .Jesse Haines met us, and we
went with him to his home, feeling weary. Vis-
ited several families the next day, and took tea
at Sarah and Rebecca Haines, where were many
Friends, but the Master helped me through, and
I blessed his Name. Jesse Haines and family
kindiv entertained us until Firstd.ay, when we
went "to Henry Ecroyd's, who, with his wife,
were very attentive. The next day visited sev-
eral families," and the following morning, she
savs: " Henry Ecroyd took us to Muncy Sta-
tion again, and we rode in the cars to Canton,
away up among the mountains. Procured an
open carriage, and rode from about eleven to
near three o'clock, over rough mountain roads,
and at last reached Reuben Battin's home. They
were very kind, refreshing us with a good dinner
and a good bed. Sat with them in the evening.
In the morniuT rode with thera to their meet-
ing—roads very rough, but the scenery so beau-
tiful over mountain tops where we could look
oft' upon others covered with timber, and at
226
THE FRIEND.
Second Mo. 6, 189'
times the mountain mists creeping upward and j
forming clouds. Tlie deepening service engrossed
my mind mucii, l)ut my eye caught the ijeauties
formed by our Father's hand.
"An honest hearted company of Friends met
us, some who seemed as the salt of the earth.
Much shut out from the follies of the vain
world, they retain the simplicity of their fore-
fathers. Ellen McCarty was the mother of many
of the present company. She was a lively min-
ister, and often walked great distances to meet-
ing, carrying her babe, or riding in an oxcart.
One Friend told me that some of tiie most lively
sermons he ever heard were from Ellen McCarty,
standing in bare feet.
"The soil in these parts does not yield very
plentifully, and they struggle along under dif-
ficulties. " Joseph McCarty took us home with
him to dine, went in the afternoon to his brother
Silas', and spent the night at another brother's.
In the evening a company of young people
were present at the sitting. One young man in
the neighborhood had been struck by lightning
not long before, and killed, which caused much
solemnity. In the morning Jesse McCarty was
visited, with his family. Some were present
who hail separated from Friends. This dividing
spirit seemed not to be of the Lord.
" We next had a long mountain ride and dined
with some young people, for whom we felt a
concern. Rode afterwards to Sarah Schill's, a
daughter of Ellen McCarty. Here was close ex-
ercise of spirit for me, f)r t felt that her Master
was requiring her to speak in the assemblies of
the people, and she was unwilling and doubtful.
It seemed to me her salvation depended upon
her faithfulness and obedience in this matter,
and I had to tell her so. I felt very solemn and
under the weight of it afterward, until I heard
that she had l)een accustomed to say a few
words in meeting some time previously, but
now she never appeared in that way. I felt
then that the Lord had cared for me indeed,
that He alone had led me, and praises filled
my soul for this seal to my visit." One more
family, and the work was done.
(To be conllnuod.)
For "Thk Friknd."
" Liglit is s'>wn for tlie righteous and gladness fur
the upright in lieirt."
Having arrived at a time in life when, as a
pilgrim seeking a better country, it may be
that some of the many Friends with whom I
have accompanied and who may be my surviv-
ors, would like to know what is the prospect
ahead ; in tenderness of spirit I have this testi-
mony— that through great mercy and by the
grace of our Lord Jesus Christ, I have not fol-
lowed cunningly devised fables, but have found
religion to be a substantial reality, and now, as
the setting sun gilds the clouds which gather
above the horizon, causing light at evening
time, so " faith looks to her home on high."
" Hope casts around a cheerful eye.
Love puts all the terrors by
With gladdening power."
Having this experience, it is a comfort to be
able to say iu sacred Scripture language —
"Though I walkthrough the valley and shadow
of death, I will fearno evil, for thou (O, Lord),
art with me, thy rod and thy staff they comfort
me," far beyond my deservings — "The Lord
will give grace and glory, and no good thing
doth He withhold from those who walk up-
rightly." PlIKBK R. GiFFORD.
Providencb, R. I., First Month 12th, 1897.
The New York Cathedral.
The following letter appeared in the Kew
York Tribune.
"Referring to your editorial of December
17th, encouraging the project for the erection
of an Episcopal Cathedral, will you permit me
a question or two ? I trust to your hospitality
to all honest opinion.
" Fin-gt. — Were the author of Christianity to
visit New York to-day, and find the sum at his
disposal which this cathedral will cost, would
He use it for that purpose, or for building de-
cent and habitable houses for the poor, and
which would redound most to the "glory to
God," the promotion of true Christianity and
the uplifting of men, which the Church pro-
fesses are its great purposes?
"Second. — Could not iu reality all the work
you speak of for ' the moral betterment of New
York' be just as efliciently conducted — nay,
more so — from a simple and commodious head-
quarters nearer the centre of the field of effort?
Will the cathedral, as such, really advance it
any, and are not those who think that it will,
perhaps unconsciously, influenced by a desire
to glorify and perpetuate ecclesiasticism, lay
the corner-stone for a great hierarchical estab-
lishment out of harmony with our institutions,
and build up and intrench denominational su-
periority ? The English periodicals have long
been discussing how their cathedrals can be
made of any real use to the people. This is
not the age of cathedral building, and ought
not to be. If the many millions required for
this New York Cathedral can be raised, would
it not be better applied in the solution of prob-
lems of want and crime that are pressing upon
us? Beautiful and inspiring as are these great
structures, it will hardly be claimed that the
average religious advancement and condition of
morals are higher, say in Spain or Italy, where
the peoples almost live in cathedrals, than here.
If they really are an influence for moral and
religious improvement, it ought to have been
shown in those countries.
" Third. — You say, as an inducement to all
denominations to contribute, that it is to be
'the religious home of all who profess and call
themselves Christians,' prefacing this, however,
with the qualification, 'so far as the canons of
the Episcopal Church will permit.' What does
that mean? All of those outside, thus called
on to contribute, ought to be told plainly.
Does it not mean simply that they will have
the privilege of attending worship after the
Episcopal form there, and that no clergyman
not Episcopally ordained, that is to say, not
ordained at all ' according to the canons of the
Episcopal Church,' can ever take part in any
service there except as a layman?
If it meant that henceforth the Episcopal
Church would truly represent Protestantism,
sloughing off the imitation Romanism that has
so long put it in a false position and carried so
many converts to Rome; if it meant that, its
own orders having been decided invalid by
what the world at large recognizes as the high-
est ecclesiastical authority, and its own greatest
scholars having declared Apostolic Succession
a historical myth, it would realize the infinite
littleness and unimportance of the question, and,
admitting other clergymen as equals, join with
the other sects as they now join with each other
in Christian work and activity, its leadership
would be recognized and the cathedral built
with enthusiasm, strong as are the objections
to it.
" Does the more exalted piety and consecra-
tion of the Episcopal Church, its disregard o
wealth, fashion and worldliness, and its excep
tionallv conspicuous success above all churche:
indicate as ought to be the case were it true
that its ministrations alone are ' valid' and ac
cepted of God?
" Will its present attitude of aloofness, refus
ing recognition to other clergy and organizin;
always special instrumentalities for its own ac
tivities, tend to give it the leadership in Prot
estantism it claims, which it might, with a wis
and statesmanlike policy, attain? I think not
Rome has declared the Protestant Episcopa
Church outcast. Why will the Church no
put herself as she may, at the head of th
Christian forces outside of Rome? — 77(6 Episco
pal Recorder.
For " The Fkiknd,"
What is the Cause, and What shall be tbi
Remedy
Are queries occupy ing the mindsof many Friend'
in different places at the present time. Wbati
the cause of departures from the true life ant
the declension from that spiritual discernmen
so powerfully manifest in the lives, conduct anc
conversation of many of the members of the T
ciety of Friends in former years. Although th
discouraging features are not pleasant to dwelj
upon, neither is it good to criticise when Trutl
does not call for it, fir this would be poor foot
indeed to feed upon, but that such is too true \
cannot deny, and we trust there are many con
cerned Friends who have ever felt it their duty ti
earnestly contend for the faith once delivered b
the saints, who cannot close their eyes to thesti
facts while they endeavor to observe the firs-
and second Commandments, which are, "Thoij
shalt love the Lord thy God with all thy heart,'
etc., and thy neighbor as thyself.
But what is the cause? Why do we not ali
speak the same language, walk by the sa
rule, aud mind the same thing? Why do i
people speak a language as it were half Jew,
and half Ashdod? Then the query arises, Wha*
shall the remedy be ? Dear Friends everywherej
is not the time now at hand which calls loudlj!
for a more full, impartial investigation of thes«
things, each one for one. For if we as a peoplil
are again to shine forth in our ancient strengrtj
audbeauty (of which there are encouragingsymp^
toins of late in some places), shall it not be bji
individual faithfulness, until we see eye to (
when the Lord shall bring again Zion, for
is the alone healer of breaches and the restorei)
of paths to dwell in. Then what is the
cause? Why has the g ild become dim and tht!
most fine gold changed ? Have we been mon
diligent in cultivating our intellectual abilitie
and relied on this instead of cultivating the gooct
seed in our hearts? Have we consulted ouros
wisdom aud warmed ourselves in some measugl
with sparks of our own kindling, until our vir
ions have become clouded and our sight diii
until we overlook the light which shines in ou>
hearts, and until it is hard to distinguish
voice of the true Shepherd from that of
stranger? Or has Ephraira as it were, mixecl
himself with the people, and strangers devoureci
his strength and he knoweth it not? Have m\
hewn to ourselves cisterns, broken cisterns, thaij
can hold no water, and forsaken the true founj
tain? Or have we compromised our preciou!
principles in a measure for the sake of meetin||
the world half way, supposing by this to gatheii
them, but have we gathered them, and hav<
they not rather scattered us? Now whethej
these or any of them is the cause or whetha
THE FRIEND.
hey are not, is left for the serious consideration
f every houest hearted Friend.
However, we must acknowledge that " bliud-
less in part hath happened to Israel," aud what
oiuerns us now principally is, '• What shall the
emedy be?" As there is no new way to the
dngdora (for the Truth ciianges not), then it
'lust be by an abiding in Christ, who said, "I
'm the way, the truth and the life, no man
ometh to the Father but by nie," etc.
' Therefore, will not the true remedy hi simply
DF all to return to first principles, and as Israel
id of old, to build again the things which were
estroyed, even to submit ourselves to the trans-
.jrming power of Divine grace, being cruci-
ed with Christ and raised again to serve Him
1 newness of life; and all who are thus willing
.)r Him to rule and reign in their hearts, can
ruly call Him Lord, and that by the Holy
ifhost, and thus being armed with his armor,
ven the sword of the Spirit, which is the Word
f God, and being tried and proven, will be
lighty through Him to the pulling down of
-,rongholds, etc., and virtually say by their
ves and conversations, "Come, follow us, as we
lave followed Christ," evincing to all sincere
bquirers after the Truth that there is a reality
^ the religion we profess, because it is Christi-
Jiity revived in its ancient purity, and be-
ause it changes the heart from a state of na-
ire to a state of grace, causing its followers
h love the things they once hated and hate
16 things they once loved ; being thus renewed
1 the spirit of their miods, they put oft' the old
nan with his deeds, which is corrupt, aud put
M the new man, even Christ Jesus, whom to
•now is life eternal ; for if the cause was in de-
larting from the true Guide, or from not faith-
blly following Him, then a returning to Him
ith the whole heart and an abiding in Him
"lust be the remedy tor us as a people to regain
'3at spiritual discernment so desirable and help-
il for the unity and welfare of the body. Then
1 no wise should we lower the standard or
ompromise our principles, which are still near
Dd_ dear to many. Neither will our strength
e in giving encouragement to innovations or
ountenancing departures to strengthen that
lirit which seems to be seeking more ease and
berties in some places, for it is plainly evident
|iat this is not a remedy for the unsettlenient
ow existing among us, but our strength lies
ither in faithfulness and in obedience to the
race already received, and there is no cause
)r any to give way to discouragement, for help
5 laid upon one that is mighty.
Now would it not be well for both the older
cd younger to leave those things which are be-
ind ; as Paul said, " I count not myseM" to have
pprehended, but leaving those things which are
ehind, I press toward the mark," etc. Again
e says, " I will not glory, save in the cross of
ur Lord Jesus Christ, by which I am crucified
) the world, and the world unto me," and is
lere not cause for believing that brighter days
re in store for us in the near future if faithful-
ess is abode in ? Man, with all his intellectual
ulture and abilities, can never make any im-
rovements over the pure, unchangeable Truth ;
either is it hard to be understood. " Fear God
nd keep his commandments " — this is the whole
uty of man.
J. P. S.
Coal Creek, Iowa, First Month Sth, IS'JT.
Mind Your Stops.— Not understanding the
se and importance of punctuation marks, the
eople of Uganda make some curious mistakes
and consequently receive wrong impressions.
A native came one day to one of the mission-
aries when he was in the country, aud read the
following passage: "As they were sitting and
eating a woman (one) came who had an alabas-
ter bo.\," etc., and asked, " Why were they eat-
ing a woman ?" — The Spirit of Mixdom.
A Letter From E. S. Kite.
Rosdcirferweg, Twelfth Mo. 2oth, IS'JO.
A (ierman Cnristmas, especially in a minis-
ter's family, is really something beautiful to
experience. It is essentially different from our
way of celebrating it in America, and consists
of the family alone. I think perhaps thee would
enjoy hearing just how the Germans celebrate
the day, or series of days as it is with them.
In the first place the different members of the
family write out a list of the things they want
— that is real needs, or something they espec-
ially wish, then there are great secrets, and the
afternoon before all things are brought together.
Dresses, shoes, aprons, or whatnot, everything
is brought together, and for every member of
the family a plate is set with cakes, and apples,
and nuts, and their presents by the side. There
is always a tree, even when only two old people
live together, and at the appointed time the
candles are lit and the children and work-peo-
ple who are waiting, come in. At first there is
a pause, and then all join in singing a hymn,
after which is generally read an appropriate
portion of Scripture, and perhaps another hymn
sung. Then each one is at liberty to seek his
own table and enjoy the surprises waiting him.
The servants of course have their tables, too,
and are often quite as much favored as any one.
Last evening we had the " Bescherung," as they
call it, at six, aud all the family from the first
floor, together with the servants, came up, and
of course the children were the principal part
of it, our children I mean. I had helped Friiu-
leiu Feistkorn arrange the tables in the big
room, and when all was ready the hell was rung
and the people (in all about twelve) came in
procession in the room, singing. After supper
we all went down stairs, where it was even more
beautifully arranged. They have so many peo-
ple to help, as their place is quite large, that the
number gathered was a good deal larger. W^e
collected in the Director's study, and when the
doors opened into the beautifully decorated
room, we entered in procession, singing as before
and after which, and reading from the Bible
and more singing, we could look around. Every
one had a plate of good things, and as they
knew ray love of fruit, my plate had less sweet-
meats, [but in place of them] apples and oranges.
I had been made to write out ray wishes with
the rest, and as my chief desire was " books, no
raatter whether old or not," I had a good share,
all proving very acceptable, and ones that I
wanted.
I know that thee, as being a good Friend,
does not approve of Christmas celebration, but
I think thee would feel quite comfortable even
atsuch a gathering, for it is more a family gath-
ering and a giving of pleasure to those about
)ne and of the things they need.
Tliee would be interested to see in what order
the garden is kept here. For instance, all the
grape vines are taken down, trimmed and laid
along the ground, covered with straw and bound.
The roses in like manner laid prostrate and
covered with pine branches, and the vines on
the house that cannot be removed are completely
protected by pine branches, that look very pretty
in winter, as thev lie flat against the" house.
worked into the trellis that supports the vine.
On the flower beds are [)iled up the fallen leaves,
and over this pine boughs; and the fruit trees
are all .scraped and whitewashed, and the paths
put in perfect order as well as all shrubbery
trimmLil. In the spring the work of putting
the garden to rights must be comparatively
small.
The Director's family are most excellent peo-
ple, and kind as they can be. It is very jjleas-
ant living in thesaine housewith another family.
Friiulein F. has lived on the second floor eigh-
teen years, and is almost like a member of the
family, and they take her boarders in in the
same way. Of course she only has the few
and they are not of the miscellaneous sort. We
are very often invited down, as I have told thee.
Friii'ilein Oltmanus has gone home for vacation,
she is also a most admirable person, and im-
proves daily on acquaintance; I could not have
dropped into better surroundings.
As I write I hear Albanae laughing in Lou-
isa's room. Among other things they have a
game of German authors, with a picture of each
one and their chief works, and they prefer play-
ing with that to anything else, which is very
satisfactory to me, as they learn a good deal at
the same time.
Of all the things that I received, the one that
most overcame me was a pot of blooming lilies
of the valley with a gorgeous red tulip in the
centre, from a dear invalid woman, sister of the
school Director, who lives here in the summer
on account of the quiet and fresh air. She is
quite a noted woman, having translated over a
hundred books from English into German, and
she had among others a book relating to the
'■ Quakers" in England. She had become in
this way deeply interested in the sect, aud
though she seldom receives visitors, had quite
often expressed a wish to see me, and I made
her several times a tiny visit. Whittier is a
great favorite of her's and she had a great raany
questions to ask about the customs, etc., of the
Society. On all such points, as well as the
history and development of the Society, I am
pretty well able to answer, thanks to the thor-
ough training I received in this respect as a
child. The First-day afternoon readings from
" Friend's Library," that extended through my
childhood, have not been lost upon rae, and I
am very glad to be able to answer such ques-
tions as are put to me, and should indeed be
very much ashamed if I could not. In this
book the person of whom I speak had taken
great pains to translate the peculiar expressions
of the "Friends" into equivalent German, as
for instance, " ministering Friends or Friends
travelling in the ministry," and so on. In order
to do this she had put herself into connection
with a small body of members of the Society,
who live in the neighborhood of Pyrmont, the
pretty little watering place I resided in in the
spring, on the trip to Leuterburgerwald. I
have been very sorry since that I did not know
of this remnant of the Society at the time. I
should have been strongly tempted to have
staid a day longer and gone over into Frieden-
thal (the name means "peace valley"), where
there is still a small meeting — it would have
been very interesting I think. I was going to
say that through this community she learned
the correct terms for all these peculiar expres-
sions of the Friends.
I think I told thee that one day while keep-
ing house here alone, I invited the Director's
family to an American tea, and the invalid
among the number, and because she could not
228
THE FRIEND.
Second Mo. 6, 1897
accept, I sent her supper to her, and this seems
to be the reason of the pet of flowers today. I
feel quite ashamed because I have not called
upon her since she went back to her house in
town, but that has only been because I have
been afraid I would trouble her. I wish now
I had gone anyway, I could at least have shown
my good intentions, and gone away if she were
unable to see me.
The Director's family all come up to tea to-
night and I must now go and make myself ready
to receive them.
For "The Fkiend."
Friends' Testimony to Plainness, Simplicity,
and Truth Speaking.
There has been a feeling with me for some
time past to write something as to the founda-
tion of the holding of some, at least, of those
who bear the name of Friend, in the particulars
above mentioned. Not with any intention to
vindicate the position taken, which to these is
one of necessity, but rather as opening up some-
what of the secret woik of the Spirit of God in
these matters, as to the way He leads, teaches
and instructs as well as guides into all truth by
the exercise of obedience to his own behests.
It remains still a truth that he that believeth
shall know of the doctrine, whether it be of God
or of man. The fruit and effect being right-
eousness, the assurance, peace and quietness of
spirit, which nothing in the world can take
away, so long as there is a keeping to Him who
keeps in safety from the fear of evil.
This is not the eflect of imagination, any more
than it is of reason, but is born of the faith that
bloweth where it listeth, by which the new birth
is begotten, and from which the man child from
God doth spring. Abraham believed God and
it was accounted unto him for righteousness.
He did not see the end from the beginning, or
the why and the wherefore, he was called to
offer up his son, but he believed God, and the
end justified the means, for God permitted no
violence to be done.
It is that which underlies the act that exem-
plifies the great lesson taught— that Abraham
believed God. It is this bowing implicitly to
God in the little as well as in the larger con-
cerns of life in which is the secret of all true
blessing. We may not know why, but there
is the sense, the Almighty calls for a sacrifice
at our hands, and we bow obediently thereto
and have peace. This will be called blind
obedience, but it is not to man, or any gather-
ing or as.sociation of men, but to the Infinite,
all-loving and gracious God.
Here is the safety to the child of God, in his
following the intuition of the Spirit of God in
and upon his own spirit, subduing and control-
ing its own motions, and making submissive in
thought, word and action to the mind of the
Master.
This is no creed or device of man, but a lov-
ing surrender of will and desire to Him, whose
will is the delight of this new-born nature in
man. Insincerity and flattery in language is
untruthfulness to the mind that sees with the
eye single to the glory of God. And simplicity
in dress is a necessity to the mind disciplined
to the will of God. The mode and manner in
all may not be alike, but there will be a sense
of that whicii is becoming and suitable to indi-
vidual requirements and occupation. The light
of Divine Truth is the measure and guide in
each one in these as in other individual con-
cerns, and a censorious spirit, watchful to pick
faults and to find inconsistencies, is out of har-
mony with the spirit of the Master just as much
as he who (;ives wing to his own will to do as
he lists, in these as in other things that so ma-
terially attect our well-being God-ward.
The secret exercise of soul before God, that
is so gie;it a benefit and blessing, and for the
want of which there is so much leanness and
poverty, and so little known of the fresh be-
gettings of the Spirit of God, is the cause of the
spiritual blindness that hath in part happened
unto spiritual Israel in this our day.
Not the love of display, but a readiness to be
in the Master's hand just what He wills, is that
which makes all the difference between profess-
ing the Truth and possessing it, and that which
is the outcome of mere conformity in the exte-
rior, and not the outcome of individual convic-
tion, however apparently good it may appear,
will but wither and die, not having the virtue
of the natural growth in it of the Spirit of the
living God.
My spirit has often been pained by the way
in wiiieh many who bear the name of Friend
treat these matters, some in one way and some
in another, but both alike away from the centre
of individual duty and requiring by Him, who
alone has the right to order and direct his own
children and servants. The servant's and the
child's place is obedience to the one Master,
and we are required not to stop and to enquire
"And what shall this one do," but learn the les-
son of obedience and follow.
If there were more true followers there would
be truer leaders and teachers under the one
Master Spirit.
Christ learned obedience by the things that
He suflered, and think ye are there no lessons
so to be learnt by us at the Master's feet? Yea,
veiily, there is still the measure of suffering to
be known and filled up by those who follow
Christ, for this world still loves its own, and
the spirit thereof is not of the Master, so that
He who will be a friend of this world is the
enemy of Christ. It is this seeking to blend
the unholy and impure with the work of God
that mars and defaces the image of God in man,
and there are many who have begun in the
Spirit who are seeking to be made perfect by
the works of the flesh, and these are often un-
conscious of how they have shifttd ground, liv-
ing in and working from the man's nature in
themselves, deceiving themselves and deceiving
one another by their own words and works in
the things of God, not perceiving that the pas-
sive condition has been departed from, and the
active nature of the creature has taken its place,
and thus the life of God, at one time known in
them, and to work through them, has become
slain.
Thus the innocent life becomes sacrificed and
Christ is again crucified, and the shame of their
own nakedness doth again appear.
In this condition the outward sacrifice of
Christ is held up much to view, but the hidden
man of the heart is neglected, or a seeming
spirituality takes possession of the mind, apart
from the humility and self-abasedness that nei-
ther knows or has any spiritual possessions apart
from the renewed and renewing power of Christ.
It is this latter condition as much as the
former one that feels no necessity to live under
the crucifying power of Christ, and that finds
no necessity to take heed to the limitations and
teachings of the Spirit of Truth, regarding the
conscientious scruples of its fellows as delusion
or enthusiasm of an heated or ill-regulated mind.
Abraham believed God, and it is by our so
coining to believe in Him as to obey li'is Spirit
in us, that we truly own the work of Christ
without, by being made a partaker of the re-
newing nature of Christ within us. Only thus
can we truly and availingly own Christ, by
being made a partaker of his nature.
The revival of vital godliness can only come
by thus owning Christ and his work in man, as
well as his work for man, by the exemplification
of his renewed and renewing nature, bringing
forth those fruits that are well-pleasing to God,
both in avoidance of the evil iu whatever form
it may appear, and in doing whatsoever is re-
quired of us. No words spoken, no action
done, no demeanor manifested can be, or is,
pleasing to God, that is untrue and insincere, or
that doth in any way tend to foster pride, vanity
or the love of adulation the one from the other.
There are balances of the sanctuary, unerring
and true, by which we will each one be tried,
and the light of Christ will reveal the dark
recesses of the heart, if we are but willing to
bow at the footstool of Divine grace, out of and
apart from our own reasoning, which will bring
into the clear light of God's love and favors, il
there is but a willingness to forego our owr
judgment in order to know the judgment of God
set over us.
After having written the foregoing, I think
it but right to say, I have now read in Thi
Friend the article written in the B. F. by J
W. Graham. It might be supposed I had beet
led in my thus writing by what I there hac
read, and therefore make the allusion I nov
do.
Perhaps it will not be well to add further t(
what has been written. My sole object in writ
ing is to point out that however false and unrea
may be the standing and the holding of somi
in this matter, there are those who have hereii
solid ground beneath their feet, and are in thesi
matters, as in others, no image worshippers, bu
having been brought to bow to the Spirit o
God, know the worship of Him, which is ii
spirit and in truth ; wliich is not confined !■
time or place or thing, but is the regulatinj
power in their life, and the boundary and fene
about their liberty, and beyond which they can
not go without condemnation and a violatioi
of their peace and happiness, which is in am
from God.
It is the answering to the Heavenly look, mc
tion,or upspringingin heart and mind thatwhic
is of God, that sense of the Divine in man tha
makes God-like in all things, that is the on
only and ever-blessed redeeming power ofGoc
and therefrom springs every virtue that is b(
gotten or springs from the blessed work c
Christ, both inwardly and outwardly manifet
and brought forth ; for however ;nan may mi:
judge and misunderstand the Truth of Goc
that Truth remains the same, and can only b
known by the revelation of God the Fathe
through the Son and the work of the Spirit.
Happy day when the Truth of God thus n
vealed, is known, understood, and obeyed b
man, so as to transform his nature, that glor
to God shall arise in each heart and praise froi
each life a blessed condition without alloy, bi
cause made free from the power of sin, the en
for which Christ came in the flesh, and tb
effect of his revelation into the heart when tl
rightful place is resigned unto Him, the goveri
ment of the will, so that it is no longer the
that lives, but Christ that liveth in us.
Divine forbearance doth still wait, and grat
is still offered, but who shall say how long th
may continue toward any, and if the Masti
arises, shuts to the door, can another open ? It
,iecond Mo. (3, 1897
THE FRIEND.
229
lot wht'ii, neither is it how we may please that we
ire to be made again partakers of the Divine
latiire, but in the day of merciful visitation
iiDd in the obedience thereunto, the way to the
ungdom is still by the crucifying power of
Jhrist, and in no other way. The entrance
hereinto is by the door of mercy, but mercy
las her own price, and that is repentance and
aith, and faith that is a theory apart from the
■eality of obedience is dead, and therefore can
lever know the resurrection life of God in the
loul, that quickens into doing as well as teaches
low to wait the further opening of its own life
u the soul.
0, that men would praise the Loid for his
'oodness, and for his wonderful works to the
:hildreu of men, by answering his holy purpose
ind call, which would be to his own truest hap-
piness and God's glory, here and hereafter.
• Charles W. Thomson.
iO Kelvin Drive, Glasgow, Scoiland.
>irBt Mo. 7th, L^'J7.
I For "The Friend."
A Winter Walk.
The Ninth day of the First Month was a
ovely winter day. The snow that fell a few
(Veeks ago had disappeared, and the surface of
;he ground had frozen, so that there was no
nud to interfere with walking, and yet the tem-
Deraiure was so mild that it was pleasant to be
'ibroad in the open air. Some of our people
lad become much interested in the study of
latural history, especially of the oaks, and had
ueen diligently collecting leaves and acorns;
|ind so it was arranged that I should accompany
i party of three bright, lively and intelligent
^oung women to a grove of oaks, about a mile
^■ast of Masonville, in Burlington County, N.J.
On alighting from the cars at Masonville, I
net my company, who had preceded me on
,heir bicycles, and we started on foot to the
ilace of our destination. We soon noticed that
nany of the oak trees retained their leaves on
,he lower branches, while the tops were entirely
ftripped of foliage.
; Asa Gray describes nineteen species of oaks
ind nine hybrids, growing in the northern
Pnited Slates, above the southern lines of Vir-
ginia. These are subdivided into several groups.
The leaves furnish important characters for
listinguishing the species, although they are so
variable that it requires considerable familiarity
^vith the foliage to decide the species of oak to
which they belong. In the White oak group
he leaves are more or less deeply indented, so
IS to form a series of lobes, which are mostly
rounded on the outer edge and without any
iharp projecting points. The indentations are
ilso rounded at base.
. In the Black oak group, the lobes are more
rregular in outline, and furnished with teeth
.vhich are pointed with slender bristles.
, Another well-marked group is the Chestnut
3aks, so called from iheresemblanceof the leaves
:o those of the chestnut tree, but the teeth along
;he edge are in a general way somewhat rounded,
ind not sharp-pointed as in the chestnut itself.
A botanical friend, Benjamin Heritage, of
Mickleton, N. J., was passing under a Spanish
)ak, about the time that its leaves were falling
.n the fall of the year, and became interested
n the different shapes they had assumed. He
gathered many of them, and on patiently ex-
iming them at his home, found one hundred
ind fifty distinct shapes among them. So, to
;uake a complete exhibit of the leaves of this
jak, it would be needful to collect at least one
hundred and fifty .specimens. The other oaks
vary much, perhaps not quite to the same ex-
tent. But it is evident that to know oak leave.-^
perfectly requires considerable research, and
that one is by no means sure of identifying the
species by a chance leaf. It illustrates the re-
mark of that skilful botanist, Dr. Engelmann,
of St. Louis, who, when one brought him an
oak leaf, wishing to be told the species to which
it belonged, replied by telling the inquirer to
bring him the whole tree.
There are marked differences in the acorns
as well as in the leaves of oaks. In some the
cup is rather shallow and only embraces the
base of the acorn. In others it almost covers
the nut. We passed a tree standing alone on
the .side of the road, under which were nuuier-
ous acorns. I was interested in noticing the
eagerness with which my companions gathered
this harvest of the forest, the fruit not being
familiar to them.
We turned down the lane of a deserted farm
lying along the Raneocas Creek. It was rather
a melancholy sight to see a large and expensive
house abandoned to the weather, and rapidly
going to decay with the outbuildings. There
were some beautiful lines of red cedar trees,
with their pyramids of green fjliage, and arbor
vita; trees, which had evidently been planted by
a former owner. The land was a barren sand,
nd possessed so little fertility that it had little
tlractious for a farmer. The buildings and
arrangements indicated that they were designed
for the summer residence of a wealthy family,
but the owner appears not to have succeeded
in renting it to such an one.
One proof of the character of the soil was a
large patch of Prickly Pear (opunlia vulgaris).
It belongs to the Cactus family, and the stem
is composed of flattened oval and roundish joints
with clusters of short barbed bristles, which
readily enter the skin when incautiously han-
dled, as my three companions soon discovered.
On inquiring the next day as to how they had
fared, I found that they had spent a part of the
intervening time in endeavoring to remove these
unpleasant reminders of their walk. The co'or
of the joints in summer is light green, but the
winter' had changed this to a purplish hue.
The flowers which appear in summer are about
two inches broad, yellow and showy ; of course
they had long since disappeared, and had been
succeeded by the pulpy fruit of a reddish color
and eatable. The roots were rather thick fibres
starting from the under surface of some of the
joints, and penetrating the earth to a distance
of several inches.
We returned home well satisfied with our
little excursion, which had introduced the female
members of the party into new grounds to them
and which they expressed the wish to revisit
when summer came. J. W.
forest of one hundred thousand acres, which
will be the field of systematic experiments in
practical and scientific forestry. — Garden and
Fored.
Many wealthy men in various parts of the
country are getting possession of large blocks
of forest land, either as permanent investments,
as game preserves or places of summer residence.
Clubs and private individuals now own nearly
a million acres of forest preserves in New York,
while in Maine, especially in the Rangely Lake
country, in the upper White Mountains of New-
Hampshire, and along the tributaries of the
Connecticut and Androscoggin rivers there are
manv large preserves. Blue Mountain Park,
which was established by Austin Corbin in the
south-western part of New Hampshire, covers
thirtv-two square miles, while the estate of G.
W. Vanderbilt, of Asheville, N. C, contains a
The Arm-Chair.
[A Friend in Canada suggests the printing
in Thk Friend of a series of poetical sketches
of many of the worthies of a past generation,
written by the late Joseph Kite. On rereading
this production, the Editor has been impressed
with the beauty and force of many of the lines,
and the clear discrimination of character shown
in them ; and believing they would prove in-
structive and interesting to many of our readers,
concludes to insert them in the columns of The
Friend. — Ed].
" Yoar/alhirs, where are Ihnj f And the prophets, do they
live /vrtver."
[The history of these rhymes is briefly this: An
Arm-Chair, made many years ago by John Letchworlh
for Leonard and Jane' .Snowdon, was presented to ihe
aiithiir, with some information of the worthies who
were wont to visit the esliuiable owners; accompanied
with an intimation that it would be a suitable iheiue
for some verses. The result follows] :
Cuwper, the poet of the Christian muse,
S'ing of the sofa ; cnnld I but infuse
.Soioe of liis talrnt in my iagg^ird quill,
Some of liis genius on my verse distil ;
Then would f sing — my theme too from the fair —
Of tliy fiievaln, rhyme-creating CilAlRl
He who with artist's skill scooped out thy seat,
Trim made thy elbows, upright,-^, and thy feet,
Xow fourscnre years and four has measured o'er,
.And waits his summons to the heavenly sh< re.
Hi.nest as siinsliine, he "who inns may read,"
That Letchworth is " an Israelite indeed ;"
No guile within him ever tinds a place.
Love of the Father spreads to all the race.
His (Jospel ministry is void of show.
For " few and savory " are the words that flow ;
Condensed and pithy are his peril ds found.
Rich in their matter, nothing for mere snund !
So preaches he. Ah, wliat a tad mistake,
When empty sounds upon the peo)>le break.
When a stentorian voice in etfiirts v.dn
Roars to the people — thunder without rain !
Its booming echoes may the soul appal,
But no reviving showers on nature fall.
Wonl.l that my age— if age to me he given —
Might prove like his, who calmly looks to heaven,
Waiting with patience for the niandiite blessed —
" Thy lal)ur finished, enter into nst ?"
" Here," siid the patriarch no more doomed to range,
"Quiet 1 lie, waiting my tinal change."
Go when Ihou wilt thy faithful life will prove
A rich e.Tample, legacy of love !
Ah, my Arm Chair, supporter of the good.
Beneath how many a worthy hast thou stood !
Bear lue awhile, assist me to portray
Some of the faithful who have passed away.
Here Harrison"^ has spoke of what she saw
In visions deep, when filled with holy awe,
The I uriain of the future half withdrew.
While coming objects glided into view ;
Or as the past on memory's tablet rose,
Rehearsed her Gospel joys, her Gospel woes-
Told how King George, as gusheii the hidden springs,
Bowed at her message from the King ( f kings ;
Of deep probations (or her Lord she past ;
Of her fond hope of joining Him at last.
Told how her soul in sympathy had long
Borne a deep burden for the negro's wrong.
Till the church treed her at her Master's will.
In Southern States love's purpose to fulfil.
With Gospel power for truth and right she .'■poke.
Till slumbering consciences to feeling woke ;
Oppressors' hearts with justice learned to beat.
* Sarah Harrison was aunt to Jane Snowdon. When
on a religions visit in Great Britain, she felt her mind
engnged to speak to George the Third. When she
commenced addressing liiin, he took off his hat, and
remained uncovered during her communication. She
died in Philadelphia, the twenty-ninth of Twelfth Mo.
1S1-, aged seventy-sis ; a minister fifty-five years.
230
THE FRIEND.
Second Mo. 0, I89',
While bondmen's shackles fell beneath their feet.
Her's was a righteous mission ; to the door
Of selfish masters she her message bore;
She shot no fiery missiles from afar,
Kindling those feelings that engender war :
But face to face, truth's message would impart,
Whilst love-tipped arrows entered many a heart !
Thus won she freedom for the sore oppressed ;
Her work was honored, and her labor blessed.
— Or as the present did her thoughts engage.
Gave to her juniors dear-bought counsel sage.
Bade her loved niece preserve in vessel pure.
Her sacred gift, and make her calling sure ;
Bade her true partner as an Aaron be.
Uphold her hands, support her ministry.
Full well, dear Leonard, thou that charge redeemed ;
When through her heart the Gospel current streamed.
In secret labor was thy spirit found !
While trembling forth she sent the Gospel sound;
A very Quaker, as she gave the law,
Her outward motion spuke her inward awe.
Here f-'cATTERGOOD, when evening came at length.
From the day's toil reposed his weary strength ;
From Christian sympathy that solace drew,
Which those can grant who heavenly juys pursue.
Mournful of spirit he was ever found.
In sympathy with souls by sorrow bound,
As fell his plaintive voi<e upon the ear,
The poor in spiiit felt a friend was near.
Prompt in his duty at the house of prayer,
Tc; plead with fervor for his Master there ;
While crowds hung trembling on that zealous tongue,
Which only w.ike as living waters sprung.
He never preached himself— his every word
Directed to a slain and risen Lord.
He to the weary consolation brought.
He for the burdened, sweet deliverance wrought;
Though bound himself, the fettered oft set free-=-
The Jeremiah of his age was he !
Savery has here oft passed a friendly hour.
Feeling of sympathy the magic power ;
As heart to heart the secret influence sent,
As prayer ascended where ni knee was bent.
As for each other's welfare sighs were given.
Unci tiled with words, their wishes entering heaven.
The In lian's friend, he sought iheir native wood.
An anxious laborer for the Redman's good ;
Be.'-idethe lake, beneath ihe spreading Iree,
His Gospel message flowed as Truth set free.
Here too has sat —like him of stature small.
Great too of heart — a minister like Paul ;
One who, o'ledient to his Master's will.
Was studious found his duty to fulfil.
Six times went Kmlen* o'er the Atlantic wave,
On Gospel errands, sinful man to save ;
And still ret iruiui,' from his work of love,
Cone with his olive-liranch and peaceful dove.
Though years rolled on and outwar.l sight grew dim.
The lamp of Truth still brightly burned with him,
Showing distinctly, in its seari'hing light,
Deeds that the actors deemed were hi I in night.
His Urim and his Thummim was with God,
And he, obedient to his Master's nod,
As secret feelmg told him of distress,
The sufferer's door-sill soon his foot would press.
Thus mercy led — and pleasantly he said
That he '' by jobbing earned his daily bread."
Ah, these were luscious morsels, eat with joy,
A heavenly relish free from all alloy;
Some of that bread of which the righteous eat,
That others know not of — sustaining meat.
Here too Rebecca Jones sweet converse sought,
With friends in unison of faith and thought ;
With both of whom in Gospel yoke she knew
Tu labor as herLord and Master ilrew.
Honest of purpose — ardent in reproof.
To those who stood from duty's path aloof;
In public gatherings or in private hall,
To warn the giddy of impending fall.
Rebuke the forward — lead the fearful where
A mighty rock did Israel's Lord prepare —
Instant in duty, though severe, yet kind,
She showed the vigor of a heaven-led mind.
(To be continued).
* Samuel Emlen felt concerned often to look up the
sick, weak, and halt of the flock ; and for thispurpr
in the latter part of his life, he kept a one horse cb;
in which he rode about "doing good," in allusion to
which practice he sometimes said, he "earned his
bread by jobbing." He died the thirtieth of Twelfth
Month, 1799, aged seventy-five.
From A Letter of Mary Peisley to William
Brown.
"Surely never did nature and grace exert
themselves in so powerful a manner, each fur
mastery, as in that awful period of time when
the salvation of mankind was at stake, depend-
ent on the obedience of the Son to his Father ;
when Christ was wounded for our transgressions,
bruised for our iniquities, and the chastisement
of our peace was upon Him ; when He felt the
terror of his Father for sin, who knew no sin ;
when the sword of God's indignation and justice
pierced his soul ; He might well drop that em-
phatical sentence, 'Now is ray soul troubled,
and what shall I say '?' as if He had been afraid
to let that petition escape his lips, which nature,
sinking under the weight of oppression and ap-
prehension of future misery, had naturally dic-
tated,— well befitting a son that had never
offended his parent, said He, 'Save me from this
hour.' Grace immediately recalls the request,
when He remembers the end of his coming in
this prepared body, which was fur our salvation,
' but for this cause came I unto this hour.' What
could be grievous to his manhood that He did
not suffer? — at his birth, a manger, a place for
beasts, was his reception; nor did the ungrate-
ful world afford Him much better through the
course of his painful pilgrimage, for though
the foxes had holes, and the birds of the air had
nests. He had no place whereon to lay his head.
Set at naught by the then visible churches and
high professors of religion, a people who had
received the oracles of God ; — betrayed by one
disciple, denied by another, forsaken of them
all, and left to tread the wine-press alone in the
most trying hour.
" Many followed Him, crying Hosanna, when
He rode in triumph, but none desirous to be his
companions when He suffered the painful, ig-
nominious death of thecro.ss between two thieves,
as a deceiver, — all his acquaintance, and even
the women, the most tender by nature, that had
followed Him from Galilee, stood now afar off.
O, my soul ! treasure up those things faithfully
in thy remembrance, with this additional obli-
gation, that all this was in part for thy sake,
without which thou must have been irretrieva-
bly lost in the realms of woe, a fugitive and a
vagabond, driven from the face of thy God !
Rejoice then in tribulation, and count it all joy
when thou fallest into divers temptations or
trials, for the refining of thy faith in Christ."
Selected.
The Harvest of the Ix.sane Asylums. —
Every presidential campaign iucreases the num-
ber of lunatics in the country. The institutions
for the insane all expect their population to be
augmented within a few months, from this cause.
Protracted excitement, irregular habits, the loss
of money in gambling bets, and in a few in-
stances real heart sorrow at the defeat of a fa-
vorite candidate are among the exciting causes.
When Clay was defeated the last time, a num-
b.-r of his enthusiastic admirers lost their rea-
son. In the few days that we spent at the Gen-
eral Missionary Committee in Detroit we noticed
three cases in that single State, one in McComb':
Township, a young man of twenty-six who kept
up a continual shriek of" 16 to 1." Just over
the line, in Indiana, a wealthy citizen who was
particularly active in the work of the campaign,
in his delirium constantly shouted for Bryan
and in apparently sane periods piteously be-
moaned his fate. A young wotnan, a devotee
of McKiuley, was so delighted at his election
that she leaped from the table and maniacally
.shouted, " Hurrah for McKinley I" emphasizing
it by hurling a water pitcher in the face of hei
sister.
Causes of Insanity. — The causes of insani-
ty are predisposing and exciting. Probably the
predisposition was strong in all these cases, bul
as no one can tell without a trial how much ex
citement he can endure, and the trial may ruin
him if he goes beyond a safe margin, in excit
ing times everyone should sleep more than usua
and never lose self-control for an instant. Evei:
in religion the man who neglects his meals anci
sings or shouts or talks to past mid-night, is in
a bad way. The mighty revivals of Weslej
were managed with due caution. He went tc
bed and compelled his ministers and helpers tc
go to bed at the usual hour, and he was known
to rebuke most strenuously those who iu this
particular would not obey him.
For " The Fbiknd."
" Under the impression of duty he committed
to the flames all of his books, whose tendency
was objectionable. The day preceding the
reading of the record, in The Friend, of thi;
commendable incident in the early life of out
lately removed, beloved friend, Clarkson Shep-
pard, the writer received a letter from one who
liad had a birth-right in our religious Society,
and who has been for some time engaged, in a
small way, selling second-hand articles, includ-
ing books and pamphlets. He wrote: "The
old year closed with novels and trashy stuff all
burned up, so far as I knew the bad. My range
had no other fuel for all of one day, and I as-
sure thee this made a very comfortable heat
for body and mind alike. If our dear Father
shall enable me to keep buying, this three hun-
dred will be but the small end of lots of the
same [demoralizing sort] coming amongst bet-
ter goods, for my stove's warming." Kecom-
niending a general exercise of this process by
fire, not even sparing elegant illustrations and
fine bindings where the books are evidently of
bad tendency, the writer adds the following ex-
tract, pertinent to the matter, from his tract
"The Pernicious in Libraries:"
" One cannot, it has been sagely said, ' take
fire into his bosom and not be burned.' Now,
it is the spirit of judgment and of sacrifice that
the times call for — when men shall be willing
to ' come out, be separate, and touch not the
unclean thing,' and when there shall be a readi-
ness manifested to do, in effect, as did the con-
vinced ones at Ephesus among whom ' the word
of God grew mightily and prevailed,' in mak-
ing an end by fire of their 'curious' and enter-
taining, but soul -destroying books. Or, as did •
at a later day those Florentines whom the search-
ing testimony of Savonarola pricked to the heart,
and who in the great plaza of their beautiful
city, burnt in one vast heap the pernicious books
and all the other wretched trash which they
were conscious had been instrumental in keep-
ing them away from their God." J. W. L.
"A MOTTO button given with every package
of cigarettes." As the cigarette trade
rarely lays its hand on any advertising device
except to leave a noisome imprint, it need be
no surprise to any one to be told that the but-
tons thus exploited are very often vulgar and of
vile innuendo in language. Some recently used
have been simply of a political cast ; other?,
though seemingly morally harmless are calcu-
lated to encourage boldness and audacity be-
tween the sexes. In the schools at Patterson, ,
New Jersey, the teachers finding that " motto-
;ecoii,i Mo. (j, isit;
THE FRIEND.
2:U
mutton fad" was proving a powerful factoi
idvancing slang and vulgarity and promoting
mmorality among the children, took stej)s to
uppress the nuisance. The assistant pastor of
he Roman Catholic church f>f St. Vincent de
;*aul, at Williamsburg, New York, seeing that
;he craze had reached large proportions in his
Parochial school, calledall the children together,
ind required them to hand up the obnoxious
)uttons. About one thousand were thus gath-
ered, and after the campaign buttons liad been
eturued to their owners, a bonfire was made
if the rest." That was the way of Savonarola.
\ Catholic priest also, in St. Louis, reproved
!he young men of his congregation for their
'ulgarity, by calling on them to hand to him
he motto buttons they were wearing. A com-
nittee of the Woman's Town Improvement As-
ociation at Montclair, New Jersey, went into
he stores where the buttons were sold, and in
learly all cases induced the tradesman to cease
jandiing them. At Bridgeton, in the same
State, when the State Convention of the W. C.
i^. U. was held here last autumn, a resolution
yas adopted protesting "against the manufac-
ure and sJile of motto buttons in cigarette pack-
•ges as tending to corrupt the morals of youth."
V merchant friend of mine, in Philadelphia,
laving sent me a sample book of the buttons,
howing that they were manufactured in New-
:.rk, New Jersey, the United States District
Attorney for that district was communicated
pith, and the matter has been placed in the
lands of a post-office inspector. Parents will
4eed to exert themselves not a little if they
jave any solicitude about the suppression of
his enemy of the home. — J. W. L. in Christ
the better part of valor, and I believe it was
tiiat night. But I must tell you that the cur-
tains of the carriage did not meet by about three
inches, and when we sat there and the midnight
blast came through, it was pretty cold. We
remained tiiere from five o'clock in the after-
noon until nine o'clock the next morning. But
wa.s that the time to take brandy? Not a bit
of it. It would have made bad worse, as some
of -you know very well. Well, I journeyed on
through different parts of the world, carrying
the flask with me. I was in jeopardy in" one
place, because had it been known that I carried
brandy, I would have been heavily fined — that
was in the Indian territory. To make a long
story short, however, I may tell you that at the
end of six and a-quarter years I met my dear
friend. I said I had to thank him again, as I
had already done, for the loan of the flask, and
that it now gave me great pleasure to return it
to him. I said that 1 verily believed that there
was brandy in it, but I did not know certain
because the cork had never been drawn. — Tem-
perance Record.
: Isaac Sharp and the Flask of Brandy.
, As I was going from London to Plymouth to
iake the Dunrohin Castle for Africa, a friend
itting next to me in the railway carriage said.
Hast thou any brandy with thee?" " No," I
eplied, "I do not take brandy." He said.
Thou art going into the wilds of Africa, and
hy life may depend upon it." He then took
rem his bag a flask of brandy and handed it
.0 me. I knew that he did it in the kindness
ff his heart, and not wishing to offend him, I
ook it. I was in Africa when the heat of the
un was enough to make young ostriches blink.
5ut that was certainly not the time to take
^randy. Later in the year I was in New Zfa-
and, and started, with ray friend — Neave, to
0 from Christchurch to Nelson. When we
ame to that wonderful pass called Porter's
'ass, those who were inclined to walk were in-
rited by the coachman to do so. We met a
-rover coming along with his sheep, and, look-
og up at Donald, the coachman, he said, " You
ad better stay where you are." But Donald
.•as in charge of Her Majesty's mails, and he
.'ent on until we got three thousand feet above
he level of the sea, and there our coach stuck
ard and fast in the snow. One of the proprie-
3rs of the coach was with us, and he said,
Donald, it's no use; you cannot get on."
Not if I do not try," said he. I admired his
luck and determination. We were within
hree miles of where we wished to go, and he
•'hipped up the horses. They plunged and
eared and finally broke the harness, and Don-
Id was obliged to give in. He kindly offered
le one of the horses, but, as the snow was fall-
ig thick and fast, I th-mght it better to stay
■here I was rather than to take the risk of
eing lost in the snow. Discretion is said to be
The Distribution of Wealth in America.
The following interesting article from the
Christian Advocate of New York may tend to
lt.ssen the apprehensions of those who have been
evidently afraid of the accumulation of wealth
and power in the hands of a few.
"The rich may be growing richer. If so,
and honestly, none need complain. The poor
are not growing poorer, whatever may be the
social injustices inflicted upon working people.
Average wages have increased from two hun-
dred and fifty-five dollars per annum in 1850
to three hundred and sixty-five dollars in 1880
and still higher figures in 1896, and the sum of
human comfort has more than doubled in the
same time.
" Savings are larger than ever before. The
State of New York presents an example of pop-
ular prosperity more or less characteristic of all
the States. 6a June 30, 1896, the Superinten-
dent of the State Banking De])artmeut showed
that in the fiscal year then closing the resources
of the savings banks had increased •S44,240.196,
the amount due depositors had increased §4-5,-
766,883, the number of depositors had increased
77,9.5o, deposits during the year had increased
816, 880,859, and interest credited to depositors
had increased §1,564,458. The total resources
of all the savings banks were §806,751,426;
due depositors, 871. 5,0o2,899; surplus (July 1,
1896), S91,307,.370; number of depositors, 1,-
732,382; number of accounts 'opened during
the year, 346,147; number of accounts closed
during the year, 268,189 ; amount of deposits
received, $215,490,558 ; amount of deposits with-
drawn, §194,652,393 ; amount of interest cred
ited to depositors, 824,958,727 ; current expen-
ses of the banks, 82,397,696.
" These figures are simply magnificent. Their
significance is wonderful. In any other country
they would be regarded with pride and grati-
tude as indices of sound prosperity. JNIore than
one in four (twentv-six cut of every one hun-
dred) of the people in the State are savings bank
depositors, whose money is skilfully handled for
them at the low cost of three and one-third mills
per dollar per year. They avail themselves of
what are business philanth.ropie institutions, sci-
entifically guarded by legal restrictions against
loss or wrung.
Wealth is more evenly divided than in any
prior era of Americaii history. There is money
at interest in savings banks to the extent of
more than one hundred dollars for every man,
won)an, anil child in the Knickerbocker com-
monwealth, and the average amount is annually
augmenting. The 1,732,382 dejwisitors are all
creditors at the rate of four hundred and twelve
dollars apiece. More than half the people in
the State of New York are directly interested
in savings bank accumulations, and they are —
almost exclusively— of the common people. In-
dustry, thrift, integrity created these accumu-
lations, and will preserve them at their gold
value. Every dollar is an argument convinc-
ing, conclusive, beneficent.
The mightiest " money power" in the repub-
lic is in the hands of such depositors — " the po-
tentates of the dinner pail," who, in banks and
savings banks, trust and building and loan as-
sociations, hold investments aggregating 85,-
330,000,000, owned by 10,000,000 thrifty f,dks,
whose holdings average about five hundred dol-
lars apiece — some of them more than that sum,
others only a few dollars. This vast army of
plain, good-sense, excellent people hold the fore-
most liens upon the assetsof our great insurance
companies. Out of their ranks issue the mil-
lionaires of to-morrow.
A Wise Dog. — The London Spectator tells
the following story: "A collie in Scotland,
>yhom I know well, is in the habit of fetching
from his master's room slippers, cap, keys or
anything he is sent for. One day, sent on the
errand, he did not reappear. His master fol-
lowed, and found that the door of the bed-room
had blown to, and that the dog was a pri.soner.
Some days later he was again told to fetch some-
thing, and as the wind was high his master,
after a few minutes' delay, followed him. He
found him in the act of fixing the door firmly
back with the door mat, which he had rolled
up for the purpose ; and, having taken this pre-
caution, the prudent animal proceeded to look
for the slippers. This same coJlie, ^vheD walk-
ing with me, ran in front and rang the gate
bell of the house to which I was going, so that
I had not to wait when I arrived there."
A S.\viyG Impume.— In First Month, 1896,
the city of Pittsburgh, Pa., was startled by the
sudden fall of the Willey Building on Wood
Street. A few moments after the catastrophe
occurred, a stranger who was gazing at the
wrecked structures from the opposite side of
Wood Street entered into a conversation with
a Dispatch reporter. He looked a good deal
agitated and said :
" For about five years on every week-day I
have passed along that side of Wood Street at
about the hour this terrible disaster occurred.
To-day I was on my way to Fifth Avenue, and
had reached the Chamber of Commerce Build-
ing when a sudden impulse came upon me to
take the other side of the street. I crossed over,
and before I reached the sidewalk the crash
came. Had I kept along as I was going I
would have been in front of the Willey Build-
ing just in time to be crushed by bricks and
failing timber. I can no more account for the
action which probably saved my life than you
can ; I simply felt that I must do it, and l' do
not know that I felt even a premonition of dan-
ger."
"The Lord shall guide thee continually"
(Isa. Iviii : 11 . "The steps of a good man are
ordered by the Lord" ( Ps. xxxvii : 23). " Who-
so is wise and will observe these things, even
they shall uuderstand the loving kindness of
the Lord" (Ps. cvii : 4o).— Exchange.
232
THE FRIEND.
second Mo. (i, 1897
THE FRIEND.
SECOXD MONTH
The Spirit of the Lord operating on the heart
of man is the root and ground of religious
growth; and experience shows that it pleases
Him from whom comes every good and perfect
gift, to make use of servants in his cause, whose
eyes are not fully opened to see the mysteries
of his kingdom.
We have recently been impressed with this
fact in reading the experiences of a man named
Dalling, a minister of the Church of England,
who labored for a number of years in the town
of Portsmouth, England, endeavoring to elevate
the character of the people in that place, when
religion and morality was at a very low ebb.
He was a very laborious, self-sacrificing man,
who spared no pains to benefit the poor people
under his care, and much success appears to have
attended his efforts; and yet his religious views
were such us seem to us very outward, and not
likely to be productive of much good. He was
very high church, and appears to have placed
his chief dependence on daily masses, and the
partakingof his congregation in bread and wine
over which he had said the prescribed formula.
His case is an illustration of the fact, that it
sometimes pleases the Almighty to bless the
labors of those who are in a state of partial
blindness, where there is a sincere desire to
promote his cause.
A letter from a valuable Friend in one of
the country districts of New York Yearly Meet-
ing relates the following incident:
"Some ten or more years since, during our
Quarterly Meeting, two of our members were
sitting on our porch singing very loudly. It
was trying to my feelings, I told them I was
pleased to entertain them, but did not approve
of their singing. And 1 am well satisfied if
those who were not in favor of it being prac-
tised in our meetings had raised their voices
against it; the condition of our Society would
have been much better than it is at present [in
this matter] as well as [in res|)ect] to other de-
partures from consistent Quakerism."
We have introduced this extract, in hopes
that it may impress on the minds of others, the
importance of maintaining a faithful testimony
to our principles and practices. The word of the
Lord that came to the prophet Ezekiel, was that
if hedid not declare the warningsthat were given
hira to communicate, the blood of those that
perished should be required at his hands. Does
not a measure of similar responsibility rest upon
those in our day, who, through timidity, or
other unworthy motive, fail to uphold the
standard of truth aud righteousness?
CoKUECTiONS. — The Friend who sent us the
manuscript copy of the poem " Midnight Mus-
ings," printed on page 196 of The Frie.nd,
writes to us that the author's name is Hadfield
— not Hatfield ; that in the last line of the first
stanza " brightest " should read " lightest," and
that the word " loved " should be inserted be-
fore "ones" in the first line of the tenth stanza.
8UMMAEY OF EVENTS.
United States.— A treaty for tlie setllemenl of the
Alaskan bi)iin<lary w.ns signed in \Vashini;Uin on the
Sift Ilk. b^- Sttretary Oiney iind tlie British Anibas-
fiador.
Many jirominent citizens have signed a memorial
to the United Stales Senate, urging tbe prompt rati-
fication of tlie proposed arbitration treaty between the
United States and Great Britain.
In ISUO the Senate of the United Stales and the
House of Representatives adopted the fdlowing Ciin-
current resolution: "That tlie President be and is
hereby requested to invite from time to time, as tit
occasions may arise, negotiations with any Govern-
ment with which the United States has or may have
diplomatic relations, to the end Ihat any differences
or disputes arising between the two Governments,
which cannot be adjusted by diplomatic agency, may
be referred to arbitration, and be peaceably adjusted
by such means."
The United States debt statement shows a net in-
crease in the public debt, less cash in the Treasury,
during First Month of f 15,078,725. Total cash in the
Treasury, §858,553,910.
The following United States Sentatord were elected
last week : Kepublican^, John C. Spooner, Wisconsin,
and George F. Turner, Washington. The last named
is of free silver proclivities, and is a Populist. Silver
Republican, John P. Jones, of Nevada. Populists,
Joseph H. Earle, South Carolina, R. Harris, Kansas
and Henry Heitfelt, Idaho.
The fusionists in the Oklahoma Legislature have
passed a bill prohibiting gold contracts in the territory
and also one abolishing the militia, declaring it to be
"the instrument of a corrupt central government, used
to protect corporations and oppress the people."
The New York correspondent of the Public Ledger
says : " Much has been written concerning ' Greater
New York,' but few have any conception how great a
city it will he. Only London will e.iceed it in popu-
lation, wealth and business. Its area will be oU6
square miles or 194,840 acres. It will have an esti-
mated population of 3,430,000. Its bonded debt will
be $'216,481,593. Its annual tax budget will exceed
$55,000,000. The assessed value (.f its real estate
(New York, Brooklyn and Stalen Island) will amount
to S2,R07 ,091,000. Its parks and park lands will com-
prise 7336 acres, not cnuntirig several nited roadways,
such as the Harlem Speedway and the Uoney Island
Boulevard, which are under Park control. 'The city
will have seven bridges across the Harlem and one
acr. ssthe East River. Another East River bridge has
been started, and one across the North River is pro-
jected. There are thirty three different ferries. The
forty-five lines of street railway carry 792,000,000 pas-
sengers every year over 464 miles of track. There
will be upwards of sixty exchanges and other com-
mercial organizations. There are 218 banks and
hanking institutions in New York and Brooklyn alone,
and the clearings of the Clearing House aggregate
.J28,000,0n0,000 a year. The big city will transact
considerably more than one-half the foreign commerce
of the country. These statistics give some idea of the
immensity of the new city for which the chatter has
just been completed."
During 1896 the big Anaconda copper mine in
Montana, earned a profit of 5^4,000,000, the output in
that year being 107,000,000 pounds of copper, nearly
500,000 ounces of silver, and about 15,000 ounces of
gold. More than $1,000,000 was spent in improve-
ments.
The 350 savings institutions in Massachusetts had
1,340,668 depositors at the close of last vear, with
?4.53,220,257 to their credit.
The snow storm of the night of the 27th ult. was
general throughout this State, and from six to ten
inches of snow fell. A high wind prevailed and the
country roads were badly drifted. In several instances
trolley roads have been obliged to suspend the run-
ning of cars, as the cuts on their lines are choked with
Advices from the Cheyenne Indian Agency, in South
Dakota, state that, as a result of the recent cold wave
" three Indians froze in their tents, and a number of
others will die from the effect of the exposure. Thous-
j ands of head of cattle perished in the slor.Ti, and 300
I were found dead in one place,"
George B. Roberts, President of the Pennsylvania
Railroad Company, died on the 30th ult., at the family
homestead, at Bala, where he was born in 1833.
Deaths in this city last week numbered 556, which
is lOS more than the previous week, and 57 more than
the corresponding week of 1896. Of the foregoing, 261
were males and 295 females; 107 died of pneumonia ;
72 of consumption ; 49 of heart disease; 34 of diph-
theria; 23ofo'd age; 22 of apoplexy ; 18 of paralysis ;
17 (.f nephritis ; 15 of Brighl's dise.se ; 14 of cancer ;
13 of convulsions; 13 of inflammation of the brain ; 11
of marasmus; 10 of bronchitis, and 9 from casualties.
Marktt.1, &c.— U. S. 2's, 96 a 98; 4's, reg., 11 If a
112}; coupon, 113; new 4's, reg., 122|a 123}; coupon,
123Jal24.V: 5's, reg., 113^a 114; coupon, 114| all5}; |
currency 6's, 102 a 106.
Cotton. — 7f5C. per lb. for middling uplands
Feed.— Spot bran ranged from $11.00 to $12.UU per
ton for winter in bulk and $11.00 a $11.50 for spring
in sacks.
Flouk.— Winter super, $2.65 a $2.90 ; do., extras,
$3.00 a $3.30 ; Pennsylvania roller, clear, $4.20 a$4.S"
do., do., straight. $4.35 a $4.50 ; Western winter, clear
$4.20 a $4.35; do., do., straight, $4.35 a $4.50; do.!
do., patent, $4.60 a $4.80 ; spring, clear, $3.75 a $3.90
do., straight, $4.10 a $4.30 ; do., patent, $4.35 a $4.50
do., favorite brands, higher. City mills, extra, $8.1j
a $3.40; do., clear, $4.15 a $4.40; do., straight, $4.4(
a $4.60 ; do., patent, §4.65 a $4 90.
Grain.— No. 2 red wheat, 87 a 87ic.
No. 2 mixed corn, 26 a 26Jc.
No. 2 white oats, 23 a 23Jc.
Beef Cattle. — Extra, 45 a 5c.; good, 4J a 4|c.:
medium, 4} a 4|c.; common, 4 a i\c.
Sheep AND Lambs. — Extra, 4} a 4fc.; good, 3Ja4(L
medium, 3} a 3Jc.; common, 2J a 3c.; lambs, 4 a 5Jc.
Hogs.— Best Western, 5} aS'ic; com., 5 a 5}c.; Stat
4J a 5c.
Foreign. — The Globe, commenting upon the modi
fication of the arbitration treaty, s.ays ; "The Foreigr
Relations Committee of the United States Senate haii
left the treaty meaningless, and it would be discredita
ble to the common sense of the Senate if that bodj
should approve the treaty as it has been altered.''
The Pall Mall Gazette says ; " The commhtee is dniof
its best to make hav with the treaty. It has not dared
to brave public opinion in withholding its approva^
absolutely, but it has left the treaty without val
It is semi-official ly announced that if the negotia
tions for an arbitration tre.aty are resumed betweei
France and the United States it will not be until thi
Anglo-American treaty is definitely concluded.
It has been estimated that the S'lbscrihed capital o I
the brewing and distillery firms in the United King'
dom amounts to £2.5.0,000,000, while the market valul
of the shares is nearly double that amount.
Spain's national debt is nearly $2,000,000,000.
The production of amber last year in Germany i
about 440 tons, or nearly 100 tons more than in th j
previous ypar. By far the larger portion of the abov
quantity is put out by the two mines of PaliunieketJ
and Kraxtepellen, belonging to the firm of Siantienn
Becker, while the smaller portion is obtained bye
ing and searching the shore of the Baltic Sea.
A draft of the reforms demanded by the Powers i-
Turkey has at last been pre-iented to t'
through Bar.m Calice, the President of the Ambassf*
dorial c mferences. The Sultan is to govern throQgi
his Ministers, and not through the palace fnnctionari*
and the administration of justice is also to be reforniet-i
An official report shows that there have been 4.39 ' '
cases of the bub mic plague in Bombay and 3,2-5! j
deaths, and 694 ca-es and 644 deaths from the plagi- |
in Karachi. Thoroughly reliable and independent Ii ^
dian advices concur in staling th;*t relief will ben
quired f.r about 3,500,000 people letore the faniir
abates, the period of relief extending to Ninth Mont
next. Nobo ly attempts to forecast what will happe
if favorable rains fail to fall in the famine districts i
Seventh and Eighth Months next.
Tweoty-five thousand four hundred and sevent.
eight immigrants arrived in Canada during 1896,;
against 2-5,571 in 1895. Of these 8,643 went throU2
to the United States, as against 0,954 the previc,
year.
NOTICES.
Friend's Institute Lyceum. — The next regnl:
meeting will he held at 140 N.Sixteenth St, Sixth-da
Second Month 5lli, 1897, at 8 o'clock, P. M.
Friends Teachers' Association will hold i
next meeting at 140 N.Sixteenth Street, Phila., tl
13th instant, at 11 A.M. The hour has been chan?
from 2 p. M. to 11 A. M,, so that teachers and those i
terested in education might have an opportunity
hear Dr. M. G. Brnmhaugh, the noted lecturer on ed
cational topics. The subject of the lecture will be :i
nounced later. All interested in education are »i
come, and should not miss hearing Dr. Brumbaugh.
Wm. F. Overman, Business Manager.
Westtown Boarding School. — .-V stated meeti'tl
of the Committee on Admissions will be held_
Fourth and Arch Streets, on Seventh-day, tlie 13j
inst., at 10 A. M. Jno. W. Riddle, '
THE FRIEND.
A Religions and Literary Journal.
VOL. LXX.
SEVENTH-DAY, SECOND MONTH 13, 1.^97.
No. 30.
PUBLISHED WEEKLY.
Price, if paid in advance, $2.00 per annum.
Subscriptions, payments and business communications
received by
Edwin P. Sellew, Publisher,
No. 207 Walnut Place,
. (South from WaJaut Street, between Third and Fourth,)
PHILADELPHIA.
' Articles designed for insertion to be addressed to
I JOSEPH WALTON,
MooRESTOWN, Burlington Co., N. J.
Entered as second-<
I. Philadelphia P. O.
|iary and Letters of Deborah Brooks Webb.
(Continued from pase i;<;.i
1870.— Ninth Momli 19ih.— In a letter to a
■lend, she saj's: " We gave iu our minutes on
bird day morning, and since then have felt
ich quiet peace. It seems to me, I am to have
good, long rest." In the same letter she
rites, " Ah this undercurrent of peace in Him,
ow it buoys up the soul above the waves,
'hich sometimes threaten to overwhelm. All
idden in Him ! Let the world pass by as it
'ill; it cannot harm us if we be followers of
oat which is good. Let us then be of good
beer, and so overcome as He, our blessed Lord
vercame. My little flock have gathered in,
Jeven of them (a few more expected), and we
re journeying lovingly together. . . .1 am
rying to centre my interest and strength for
he winter, with my little ones. Sometimes my
ourage fails, but 'God is our strength and our
'Ortion forever.' Is it not so ? for He promises
ever to leave nor forsake, and I think we shall
'6 kept by his power. Nothing in our.-elves as
f ourselves, but all his goodness and mercy.
)h, my dear friends, let us bind on the shield
f faith and faithfulness yet more closely."
Tenth Month 31st. — The diary continues:
'A day of great humiliation ! Shortly after tak-
Dg my seat in meeting the words arose, ' It is
ppointed unto all men once to die, and after
leath the judgment.' There is no returning
hen to rectify mistakes. I had to revive them
rith a little reference to their solemnity and a
lesire that all might dwell lowly and watchfully
0 as to be enabled to walk worthy of that
)lessed sentence, 'Come, ye blessed of my Father,
nherit the kingdom prepared for you from the
bundation of the world.' Shortly after, dear
5. P. B. arose with the remainder of the passage.
So Christ was once offered to bear the sin^ of
nany, and unto them that look for Him shall
He appear the second time without sin unto
salvation,' and enlarged so sweetly upon the offi-
ces of Christ. If my Heavenly Father would
Jnlygive me the power to do others good ! Thy
will be done in me. Oh, Lord."
^ Eleventh JIo. 6th.— D. B., from New York
^ate, at our meeting morning and afternoon,
wonderfully enabled to illustrate
scripture, and words flow so easily. My prayer
for him is that he may speak only the pure
Word from the Fountain. Dined with my
beloved friends E. and S. A. Richie, and was
so glad to meet our Elklaud friend Eleanor
Battin. I am bowed in thankfulness to learn
that one in that land is faithful as the Lord
showed me she should be, and enabled me to
speak plainly to her in regard to the ministry.
Twelfth >Ionth 10th. — Meeting this morning
was silent. While sitting with my friends this
afternoon, I felt the desire to arise to dig and
beg before the Most High for the arising of his
life in our midst, and I soon found it to be his
will that I should refer to it in testimony, and
endeavored to encourage every traveller Ziou-
ward that they might see his face, and to sow
to the Spirit that they may reap eternal life,
for unto such He will arise as a morning with-
out clouds. One week ago it seemed required
that I should go to Woodbury and attend meet-
ing there. . . . There seemed to be a
wrestling for life, and they were encouraged to
wait before the Lord, that He might prepare
the sacrifice himself God will provide himself
a Lamb for a burnt ofiering.
1871.— New Year's night.— Oh, Father, help
J. Oh, my Father, preserve me from falling
away, and draw me nearer to thyself in spirit,
that I may be a fruit-bearing branch, doing
only thy will. Have mercy upon me, and give
me wisdom. Oh, Father, be pleased to give me
more of thy Holy Spirit to help me, that I may
move only as thou wills.
Fourth Month 9th.— Week after week bring
new evidences of my Heavenly Father's good-
ness and mercy to me, but I do not serve Him
as much in near abiding in Him as I wish I
could. This day I feel humbled, having to rise
twice in meeting, but cannot find condemna-
tion. The Yearly Meeting is approaching. Oh,
that thou. Holy Father, would stand in our
midst, and chain down all improper feelings
and subdue all unto thyself
Second-day, 10th.— Our Select Preparative
Meeting to-day. We had some life amongst us ;
some lively elders. E. Pearson so lively and
gentle and true. L. Starr said, " If we waited
to feel first. Woe is me if I preach not the
Gospel, our offerings would be iu the life, and
would reach the witness, or bear the evidence
to others who were alive." C. W. said, " Words
without life were burdensome." E. Richie made
a few remarks in regard to waiting — " We were
not to wait for something to say, but wait on
God." S. F. Balderson came with a heart full
of love and expressed the same ; said " we were
to feel freedom with and not to be only one of
another." L. B. Kite, "Search me, oh, God
and know my heart," etc. There were othei
lively spirits.
First-day, Yearly Meeting week. — We were
favored with a good meeting this morning
Morris Cope — " I am the true vine," etc. ; P. W.
Roberts, " The kingdom of heaven is within
you ;" Thomas Yarnall, " The foundation sure,"
etc. ; A. W. Hall, " Cast me not off in time of
old age ; torsake me not when my strength fail-
eth," etc. There were some who had long fought
the fight of faith, and some who had fought
hut a short time, but these were all encouraged.
E. A. had thought of the preciousne-s of the
love of God shed abroad in our heart.?. There
was a difference between feeling the touch&s cjf
his love, and realizing it to be shed abroad iu
our hearts. Clarkson Shepi)ard, in an earnest
supplication, just my heart's desire.
Susanna Lightfoot sai<l in her last sickness,
that she remembered when young she perceived
the spirit of supplication to move from one end
of the gallery to the other before anyone would
give up to it, and remarks, "Oh, it is a fine
thing to sit lively in meetings, and to witness
the Holy Oil to run from vessel to vessel."
So it seemeil to me, a feiv moments before C. S.
knelt. The spirit of supplication was there, but
it was not my place, and I was rejoiced to hear
his voice, rejoiced that evidence was thus given
that the Master was with us, giving us fellow-
ship with Him and one with another.
Sixth Month 2oth. — All day at home; also
last First-day, on account of my brother Silas'
illness. We have very little hope of his re-
covery. . . He seems very sweet and pleasant,
thankful fir many mercies and desirous of say-
ing— struggling to say, " Thy will be done."
About four o'clock on First-day, the second
of Seventh Month, we thought he was pa.ssing
from us, but he revived and continued until
quarter past twelve o'clock, when he passed
very quietly to his eternal rest. A song of praise
was frequeutly on his lips for the many mercies
granted to him.
In the Eighth jMonth of this year, she at-
tended Bucks Quarterly Meeting, of which she
writes: " Altogether it was a dull time in spir-
itual things to me. Was it my fault, or was it
that the people sit so little in hunger and thirst
after Christ's righteousness; filled with their
own attainments, mourning because others do
not do just as they think right, yet neglecting
the living work in themselves. Oh, my God,
make us all sensible as to what is our condition
before thee, and give us thy restoring grace,
that we may serve thee, and thee only. Oh,
lead us to the true place of prayer and cause us
to be frequent there. Look upon those whose
souls are exercised before thee and hear their
crv."
'She spent part of the Ninth and Tenth
months of this vear with her friends W. and
D. S. at Bryn Jlawr. On the eighth ..f Tenth
Month, she writes in her diary : " We visited
Merion Meeting to-day, a very small meeting
indeed, but I believe our Heavenly Father
would have the living in Israel encouraged."
In relation to this visit, she writes to a friend,
" Two weeks ago I felt like sitting with the little
company at Merion. Our meeting here com-
menced at eleven o'clock. We started a little
I after nine o'clock, and rode down towards Over-
brooke Station, but no one seemed to know
where the meeting-house was, at least five min-
utes before eleven. We drove up to George
Randolph's to inquire. They directed us a mile
234
THE FRIEND.
Second Mo. 13, ]
down the pike, and we found the place about
twelve minutes after eleven. It was a little
compauy indeed, none in the galleries. I was
reminded of the time when the disciples were
assembled, and the doors being shut, our Sav-
iour appeared, and said, 'Peace be unto you,'
etc. A few minutes before twelve, Henry Morris
arose. It was their usual time for closing the
meeting, but he felt he had received his penny,
and thought others could say so, too ; it was a
very short meeting for all."
Under the same date she says in her diary :
" As I ride along day by day," to and from her
school in the city, "the foliage in the forest in-
creases in beauty. Such beautiful scenes, and to
feel with Cowper the thrill of joy that, ' My
Father made them all,' is such secret satisfac-
tion. ]\[y health seems to be improving, and I
have to feel so grateful to our gracious Heavenly
Parent for inclining the hearts of my dear friends
towards me, just at a time when I was in need.
Gracious and merciful art thou. Oh, Lord."
1.5th. — W. and D. took me to Germantown
Meeting to-day. I sat with Friends there, as a
little child, not knowing that He would call for
service. A little word from the " Prisoners of
Hope," arose and they were encouraged to
trust in the Lord, and unexpectedly thoughts
came entirely new to me. Society seemed like
a ship sailing for eternity, and the members
thereof as stately trees, which should be subject
to the Great Mas er Builder, that they may be
squared and fitted to their proper places. We
returned home grateful for the day's favors.
(To be continued.)
An Old Sea Captain. — Captain James Wat-
son, of Westchester, N. Y., who died at the
great age of ninety-eight, retained his mental
and physical vigor to a remarkable degree up
to the day of his death. He was a retired sea
captain, and bis ancestral acres in Westchester
County have constituted an historic landmark
for more than a century. He was born in the
old homestead there, and when fifteen years of
age went on his first voyage as a cabin boy
in the Havre packet ship Courier. Fenimore
Cooper and Ge irge Blunt (the latter afterward
noted as a nautical publisher in New Yoik city)
were cabin boys on the same ship. Watson
worked himself up, step by step, to the rank of
captain, and it was often said of him that he
was one of the most popular navigators. In
consefinence of his high standing his vessel, the
Virginian, was chosen by the government three
generations ago to bring the French indemnity
money to this country. About fifty years ago
Captain Watson retired from active sea life.
His recollections were always of interest, espec-
ially those of the war of 1812. He was one of
the lads who helped to throw up breastworks
in defense of New York city against the British,
and he also saw the British fleet lying in West-
chester Creek.— T/ie Outlook.
The Value of Apples.— A Brooklyn phy-
sician translates the following from a German
writer: "The apple is such a common fruit
that few persons are familiar with its remark-
ably efficacious medicinal properties. Every-
body ought to know that the very best thing
they can do is to eat apples just before going
to bed. The apple is e.xcellent brain food, be°
cause it has more phosphoric acid, in an easily
digestible shape, than any other fruit known.
It excites the action of the liver, promotes sound
and healthy sleep, and thoroughly disinfects the
mouth. It also agglutinates the surplus acids
of the stomach, helps the kidney secretions, and
prevents calculus growth, while it obviates in-
digestion and is one of the best preventives of
disease of the throat. Next to the lemon and
orange, it is also the best antidote for the thirst
and craving of persons addicted to the alcohol
and opium habit." — Selected.
For "The Friend."
The Fallen Rose.
The remarks of the Editor of The Friend,
in No. 27, on the removal of so many by death
from among us of Philadelphia Yearly Meeting
who were examples to the flock — men and
women sanctified by Divine Grace and devoted
to the service of Christ— may well claim our
serious consideration, and incite us who are left
on the stage of action a little longer to increased
concern, as the Editor says, "So to live in com-
munion with God as to hear his voice, and be
prepared to do his will, so that the work of the
Church may still be carried on." While we
may truly mourn for the loss the Church has
lately sustained in the removal of these worthies,
it may be said of them, comparatively speaking,
as was said of Moses at his death, " His eye was
not dim, nor his natural force abated." It is
comforting in thinking of those worthies of our
day who were as leaders of the flock towards the
land of promise, whom the Lord after taking
them as to the " top of Pisgah," giving them a
sight and sense of the heavenly Jerusalem as
He gave Moses a sight of the land of promise,
has taken them from us, that it may be said of
them, their spiritual eye was not dim, nor the
force of their Christian character abated.
What was, in itself, a very simple circumstance,
occurred with the writer last summer, that led to
instructive and impressive thoughts. Seeing a
rose bush well laden with bloom, I thought to
pluck a rose to hand to a child then present,
when lo, as the hand touched it, the beautiful
flower fell to the earth. In an instant it had
fallen to pieces. A feeling of impressive sad-
ness, which is yet fresh with me as I think of
it, came over me in seeing how suddenly, how
unexpectedly, the rose, so beautiful, so fragrant
a moment before, now f^tllen to the earth from
a slight touch of the hand. Then the thought
followed, that though one might be sad at seeing
such a beautiful flower so quickly gone, who
might not desire when the hand of death touches
them, to be found, if consistent with the Divine
will, thus clothed with all the freshness and
fragrance of a Christian life. But it is not for
us to choose, for an all-wise Creator has seen fit
that many bright flowers in his creation should
remain on the stem that binds to earth, until
nothing seems to be left for us to admire; we
can think of how brightly they once shone and
how fragrant they had been, but how changed.
Ah ! may be an All-wise Providence has so or-
dered it "that they may ripen seed. So has He a
purpose in lengthening out the lives of some
persons, until it seems as if we had to look
backward, if we would view them as beautiful
plants in his garden. Let us not doubt his
wisdom.
Choice plants have been removed from among
us just at the time \vhen perhaps, like myself
with the rose, I was admiring its beauty and its
fragrance without the feelings ascending higher
than to the plant itself— not sufliciently alive to
the thought that the rose did not make itself,
neither had it the power to remain to please the
eye and gratify with its fragrance. A frail thing
It was, in all its beauty. A touch with the hand
and it falls. Is there not a need for us at this
day, dear Friends, to ever bear in mind more
than we do, how frail we are of ourselves, that
whatever there may be of heavenly beauty and
fragrance in our lives, it is all of grace. As our
Saviour thanked the Father for hiding the
things of his kingdom from the wise and pru-
dent, and revealing them unto babes, even so
may we rejoice that He does still reveal these
things unto his little ones. But if we should so
admire the plants that He has planted and
caused to be watered, and " God has given the
increase," as to forget to render all the praise
where alone it is due, He may see meet as in a
moment, when our admiration is highest, to
cause the choicest flower in his garden to fall
to the earth with what might seem like a slight
touch of the unsparing hand of death. There
certainly is a cause for one after another being
removed from among us in the midst of their
usefulness, and of the Society's need, as we think.
" Let us examine ourselves." Let us forever
bear in mind that however favored any maybe,
we of ourselves are as nothing. Christ is all in
all to his humble, dependent children, and his
promise to these is, " Lo, I am with you alway,
even unto the end of the world."
F. H. W.
FIr»t Month 26tli, 1S97.
Scripture Illustration.
" The Day of Pentecost." — The " feast of
weeks," or Pentecost, had come to be more uni-
versally observed, by attendance at the temple
worship, on the part of those Jews who were
living in Gentile countries, than the passover
itself. For this there were, possibly, two rea-
sons. Not only was the week observed as the
feast of the first fruits, — that is, a thanksgiving
for the harvest, — but also there was added a
commemoration of the giving of the law on the
fiftieth day after the departure from Egypt.
Since the destruction of Jeru.salem this latter
has been the chief object of the festival, since
the Jews, landless almost everywhere, have
ceased to be connected with agriculture. A
second reason for the popularity of the festival
may have been that the observance fell on a
time of year more suitable for travelling than
the early spring.
" Jews, Devout Men, out of every Na-
tion UNDER Heaven." — It is to be remem-
bered that long before the desolation of the
land by the Roman Titus the Jews had been
scattered through every part of the known
world, from the frontiers of the then known
world in the East to the farthest Spain. There
were no Gentiles, unless they may have been
proselytes, among the thousands who listened
to Peter. The writers of that time were in the'
habit of speaking of three dispersions,— the first,
when the kingdom of Israel was destroyed by
Shalmaneser, and the ten tribes were trans-
planted to the eastern confines of his empire, to
Persia and Parthia ; the second, the captivity
by Nebuchadnezzar, who caused the plantation
of many thousand Jews in the region between
the Euphrates and the Tigris, where their de-
scendants still remain, as isolated and distinct a
race as everywhere else, although for twenty
five hundred j'ears their ancestors have had n(
home in Palestine. Th.e third dispersion w:u
when, after the death of Alexander the Great
Ptolemy Lagos transplanted many into Egypt
until it was said that there were more Jews in
Alexandria than in Jerusalem, and more Jew-
tiian Greeks in Alexandria. It is from thi-
last dispersion, rather than from the captives
after the fall of Jerusalem, that the Jewish
m1 Mo. 13, 1897
THE FRIEND.
235
doilies to be found in every city in Nortii
Jiica, probably derived their origin. They
l.ve penetrated tar beyond the coast. In the
(ses of the Sahara large numbers of Jews are
i be found, with features most indisputaidy
jebrew, and yet in color far darker than the
^rabs. I have seen many, especially in the
]zab oases, darker than a Hindu. Tliese are
liown as the black Jews, and I was much in-
irested by being told on several occasions that
fey had nothing to do with the rejection of
•irist, because their ancestors had left Pales
fie long before his time. To such expatriated
(lonists Hebrew had become, even two thous-
id years ago, merely a literary and dead laii-
^age, studied, indeed, by all, but not used in
fe ordinary concerns of life. So, at the pre-
mi day, the Jews in London have a peculiar
jitois, known as Yiddish, — a barbarous mix-
tre of Hebrew with German, Polish, or Rus-
8*10, as the case may be. And, in like manner,
i the times of the apostles, the Jews of Parthia
c of Rome would speak a widely different dia-
Ct, their mother-tongue being adulterated by
ife language of the land of their adoption. The
Dtice of the " parts of Libya about Gyrene" is
•pecially interesting, though Gyrene itself is
))w a desolation, when we notice the number
• Hebrew colonies in all the scattered oases to
ie south of it. While the aborigines and the
henician and Greek settlers have vanished
'ifore the Arab invaders, and left, no trace be-
nd, the Jew has remained, and now is really
e oldest inhabitant of those states. — S. S. Times.
, For " THE Friend."
. Word in Season is Better Than Fine (jold.
'Oh ye servants of the Most High, draw near
ito God, for here is safety that will keej) and
iistaiu through all the trials of time. With
'ch a Heavenly Guide, what need we fear to
) forth and obey his every command. If we
)ide in true and faithful obedience uuto God,
1 will be well with us here and hereafter; and
hat greater reward can we think of, or ask
r, than to feel the presence of our Saviour,
id his tender love filling our hearts to over-
owing, then if we are commanded, let us go
>rth and break the bread of life, and admin-
ter the same to hungry, thirsty souls, that such
I these may have strength to arise and jour-
fey forth towards the holy city of our God, as
^struments in his mighty Hand, to draw manv
ito the Heavenly garner, there to partake of
le pure fountain of eternal life. Oh, great is
le reward of the faithful servants of the Lord.
I would that many raaj' come forth, — from
le East and West, and from the North and
buth, and proclaim the wisdom and power of
Tod. That there may be a turning and over-
irning by the mighty hand of our God, bring-
ig forth fruits of righteousness, that it may
3ver the earth as the waters cover the sea ;
nat many may be brought forth that sit in
eep mourning, and show forth the great wis-
om and power of God, as revealed within the
eart, by and through the spirit of the dear Son
f God."
The call has gone forth from Him who rules
II the Heavens and on the earth. Oh, ye that
••ould receive the blessing of God, come forth.
Vhy will you tarry in deep mourning, wearing
hesackcloth underneath ; come forth and gath-
r in the tender lambs that are bleating and
unuing to and fro, and thus find no rest f )r
he soles of their feet. Oh, I feel the command
las gone forth, Arise ye that have heard the
uuud of the trumpet, even the voice of the
Lord saying. Why will you tarry and lo.se your
reward, by burying your talents in the earth.
Yea, my spirit yearns on behalf of the blind,
and those that will not hear the still low voice
that speaks within the heart, that would guide
and lead all those that will give heed to the
tender entreaties of Him who sufldred and died
u[)ou the cross, to redeem all that will be will-
ing to partake of the fulness of his redeeming
love. H. T.
The Place of Progressive Euchre.
"Euchre fjr Charity" in aid of the Jewish
Maternity Home. One hundred and fifty tables
will be provided in the banqueting hall of the
building obtained for the festive occasion ; up
ward of sixty handsome prizes will be awarded,
after which there will be a dance. In aid of
the building fund of the new Roman Cathidic
Church of our Lady of Mercy, a progressive
euchre party will be given in the Second Regi-
ment Armory, three hundred tables to be pro-
vided, and more than two hundred valuable
prizes. The euchre party has been decided upon
by the ladies of the congregation as a popular
means of raising funds towards the necessarily
heavy expenses connected with a building of
such magnitude as the projected church. The
Hotel presented a remarkable scene last
evening, when over eleven hundred pers ms en-
gaged in a progressive euchre party there, in
aid of the Samaritan Hospital. The prizes, one
hundred in all, were varied and beautiful. In
aid of St. Luke's Homoeopathic Hospital, the
largest euchre party, it is said, composed exclu-
sively of ladies, ever held in this city, took place
yesterday. A progressive euchre party, at which
there will be over one hundred tables, is to be
given at the Broad Street Drawing Rooms, for
the relief of the sick and wounded Cuban S(d-
diers. Dancing will follow the euchre.
The above aresamplesof newspaper announce-
ments and reports concerning euchre-for-charity
entertainments similar to hundreds that are be-
ing given in all the cities this winter. At sea-
side hotels, such as those of Atlantic City, the
play has become the absorbing winter pastime;
while for evenings and dull days at the summer
resorts generally it appears to" hold first place
as a dissipation. It would be very unnecessary
to quote from "The Week in Vanity Fair"
columns of the daily papers to show" to how
great an extent the parlors of private houses
are used for progressive euchre parties.
My impression of the game of euchre had
always been that it was a quite disreputable
kind of gambling — though when it comes to
gr.idingi that vice, I know of no kind that can
in any wise be labelled as respectable. When
a man has been badly cheated out of this or
that piece of personal property, the vicious char-
acter of the transaction is thought to be suffi-
ciently indicated when he is said to have been
" euchred out of it." Now, this play of pro-
gressive euchre, with which fashionable society
has been so much taken of late years, has been
judicially defined with a good deal of clearness.
Here is what two judges, of the States of Ken-
tucky and Tennessee, respectively, have to say
concerning it:
In his charge to the Grand Jury of Hamilton
County, Tenn., perhaps two years ago, Judge
Moon, at Chattanooga, used the following clear
language: "Not only is gambling carried on
in regular gambling resorts, but people of high
standing and respectability gamble. They may
not put down money, but they set an example
for others in playing f )r prizes and awards. In
these [irogressive euchre games these persons
play for fine pictures or gold headed canes.
Examples are set that are a violation of the
law, and it is just us demoralizing as common
gand)liug. A conviction of one man of a higher
class, is better, as an example, than the convic-
tion of only ordinary people for common gam-
Similarly, Judge Green, of Kentucky, in his
charge to the Grand Jury of Boone County, in
that State, took occasion lately to give his view
of the difference between progressive euchre as
known in society, and what isspcjken of as com-
mon gambling. He said, "I don't know any-
thing about progressive euchre, but I know that
when two 'one-gallus' fellows play cards for
mone}', or other property, down in a hollow,
that is gambling. Progressive means advanc-
ing, and when parties clad in silks, satins, broad-
cloth, diamonds, gold watches and gold chains
meet in a parlor and play a series of games,
and upon the result of the series the property
in the prizes changes owuershij), I think the
game has progressed very far from the ' one-
gallus' fellows in the hollow, but it is still gam-
bling."
The sustentation of every scheme of gambling
or gain-getting through merest chance, is from
the one malign root. It is a bad thing for the
Italian newsboy to pitch pennies and to throw
dice. It is a bad and risky thing for the negro
in the "slums" to be found playing policy. The
merchant's clerk who has so far surrendered his
sense of self respect as to gamble for a bicycle,
ought to bend very low over his unworthily and
unlawfully acquired wheel at the recollection
of the loss of moral uprightness that it has cost
him. The lady possessor of a sofa that has been
gotten by progressive euchre, as she blandly
waves her visitor to be seated, — well, it isn't
altogether reassuring to reflect how the non-dia-
crimitiating Kentucky judge ranges progressive
euchre winners with the common gambling
" ' galkis' fellows in the hollow." The manifesta-
tions of the lottery distemper are many and
very varied, and may afflict (when not with-
stood; all classes and conditions of society. A
sound, moral sentiment in the community re-
garding it will most effectually hold it in check.
At present that sentiment is very f;ir from
sound, while there are influences tending to
weaken it coming from the side of those who
we might reasonably suppose would have a care
how they engaged in practices that a just con-
struction of the law would not sustain them in.
Thus, there was a public euchre party, such as
indicated in the first paragraph of this paper,
given last winter at a large hall in Philadelphia,
at which as appeared by the newspaper list of
the participants, femnle members of the families
of some of our judiciary, the magistracy, the
district attorney's office, the city council and of
others officially interested in the city's admin-
istration, were represented. Under these cir-
cumstances it would seem as though the judicial
condemnation of this kind of card-playing for
stakes must bristle with difficulties.
The highly pernicious consequence of such ex-
amples in helping to extend the gambling evil,
already alarmingly widespread, may be gathered
from such a paragraph as the following, taken
from the New Yo'rk letter of the Public Ledger
a few days before these lines were written. It
is one of the best known of metropolitan bank
officials whrj is quoted by the correspondent.
Having stated that for ten years he had made
the subject of bank failures and their misman-
agement a matter of close stud}' in order to
236
THE FRIEND.
Second Mo. 13, 1897 '
ascertain the true causes of weakness, he thus
illustrates one of the points taken :
"The banks of an inland city have this year
been obliged to stand a loss of 8800,000 in loans
made to one man of the town. They must have
known the fast life he was living, the orgies he
was conducting on his yacht, and the like, but
they shut their eyes to it all, and loaned him
the money. They thought he had a profitable
business and didn't care how he was living.
This man came to me for a loan, but I refused
it, because I knew what his habits were,just as
I refused a loan to-day to a merchant whose
business is undoubtedly sound, but who, I have
discovered, is gambling and playing the races."
But, Poker and Playing the Races, as the
two judges below the Ohio have shown us, are
very brothers and boon companions of Pro-
gressive Euchre. The crazing effects, the squan-
dering of money, and drop in the moral tone,
are the like symptoms of each.
[Since the preparation of the editorial com-
ments on Hodgkin's Life of G. Fox, the follow-
ing remarks have been received from another
source. — Ed.]
Fox.
George
By Thomas Ho.lgkin. D. C. L. miUaen & Co., 36
Essex tit., VV. C. London, 1696.
The above is a small work of about three
hundred pages, having for its frontispiece a
portait of George Fox, taken from the supposed
picture alleged to have been painted by Sir
Peter Lely. The preface informs that there
are frequent quotations from Barclay's Inner
Life of the Religious Societies of the Common-
wealth, a work of more than doubtful authority
as to its facts, so far as they relate to the Society
of Friends, and wholly unreliable as respects
the conclusions drawn therefrom.
Many of the pages bear clear evidence that
the views of the compiler of the Inner Life have
been largely interwoven in this narrative. The
position and character of George Fox are pre-
sented in a light which Friends have never
adopted, and which but few, even in the pres-
ent day, will be prepared to accept.
The author thinks that as Presbyterianism
was the dominant form of church government
during the earlier part of George Fox's career,
that it was not high sacramental teaching or
discourses on the Apostolical Succession that
his soul revolted at: that the Episcopalian par-
sons and squires who were the chief agents in
persecuting Friends, during a long period of
the Society's early history, were not the chief
objects of his religious polemic, and that it was
Calvanistic teaching against which he bore his
most persistent protest. Further he thinks that
Fox's utterances were directed against insincerity
and hypocrisy rather than against doctrinal
views different from his own. Thus we see this
great man's protest against sacerdotalism and
other prevailing errors, almost wholly set aside.
The author takes occasion to pronounce a
panegyric upon Priest Lanii)itt, who George
Fox had characterized as a deceiver and a per-
verter of the right way of the Lord, and in
other instances he speaks well of Priests whom
Fox had condemned. Whilst we have an in-
teresting and readable work, it is disappointing
and hardly such as we should have expected
from the pen of so able an author. X.
Man raises many objections to God's sov-
ereignty, but the great cause of all is, he wants
to be sovereign himself.
THE ARM CHAIR.
(Continued from page 230.)
Of ardent temper, qiiiuk and Ciushing zeal.
Keen as hijjh polistied, but luu Ijritlle steel.
In earlier life James Ceesson had been found.
Like a high steed when first in harness bound ;
But grace had tempered and obedience wrougiit
A change of character in word and thought ;
His ardtnt feelings felt love's holy calm.
Fitting a follower of the lowly Lamb.
A pointing finger to none other shown,
A secret whisper to none other known.
Bade Arthur Howeli, hasten on his way,
Where a secluded duntry grave-yard lay.
A few sad mourners stood beside a grave.
Where " dust to dust," a solemn language gave !
Soon from his lips burst forth the ardent strain :
" I know not whom this coffin may contain.
But my good Master, in whose power I came.
Now bids me clear from wrong an injured name :
^he who now rests within this narrow bed.
By slander wounded, bowed her sorrowing head ;
Accused of that in which she had no part.
She died in innocence — a broken heart!"
— As from a stranger came these words, a thrill
Of secret wondering joy the mourners fill ;
For she who died, told, as approached her end,
That Cii d a witness to her grave would send.
Who to her innocence should boldly bear
A clear, convincing testimony there.
.\nd He whose ways are wrapt in mystery still,
Blindfold his servant led to do his will !
— Oft to the grave this servant of the Lord
Was sent to preach the everlasting Word ;
To rouse the thoughtless from delusion's dream,
Mtmeido mori was his frequent theme.
When pestilence her raven wing outspread.
When terror swept the living from the dead.
When love's own ties were severed in afl'right.
And duty's call had lost its wonted might :
Orii'LEY and others, a devoted band.
Before the march of terror took their stand!
They nobly dared in that dark hour to make
Themselves an offering for the people's sake.
He was accepted ! Great the church's los-s.
She mourned a faithful champion of the cross,
Gathered at mid-day, soon the race was won
L'ing e're the evening shades his lalior done!
—Two of the worthies linger of that day.
Letcuworth and Wistar hastening fast away.
Shrewd, witty, eloquent — with ample store
Of all that schools could give of classic lore ;
Sarcastic powers opposing views to chill.
When such the purpose of his subtle will.
A learned lawyer. Nicholas Wai.n could sway,
A jury's feelings in his youthful day ;
But soon like Paul, when the unseen one spoke,
Humble he bowed and bore the Christian yoke ;
Gamaliel's lessons ceasing to repeat.
He lay a learner at the Saviour's feet.
Simple of heart and of a feeble frame.
Feeling unworthy even Christ to name;
Yet raised by Him, of living hopes lo tell.
And show his power— himself a miracle;
James Simpson, like his Lord, from things around,
Fit subjects for important lessons found ;
A cloud o'erspreading, or a bird on wing.
Would to the theme in hand instruction bring!
Filled by his Master, wondrously he shone;
His empiied vessel scarce could stand alone.
Slow as a traveller wends o'er miry ways,
Whose prudent care his onward c jursedelays.
So Richard Jordan preached ; at first each word
Came slowly forth, nor life nor feeling stirred ;
But soon the channel cleared, the rippling flow
In freer volume swifter ciirrertts show ;
Bolder and higher then it gathers force,
A mountain torrent rushing down ils course:
So Jordan ministered in life's mid-day,
A Boanerges thundering on his way !
Bacons and Wilsons,* worthies not a few,
Touched by love's magnet, hither often drew ;
Smith, with his venerable locks of snow.
Sedately cautious the right path to know,
Devoted ministers, alas I no more.
* David Bacon and descendants. William Wilson,
an elder of Philadelphia Monthly Meeting. Sarah'
Proclor Wil-son, a minister of the Southern District
Monthly Meeting.
And worthy elders who the ark once bore.
When these were gone — iheir bodies to the sod,
Their spirits taken lo their fixed abode —
A cloud around our Isiael's camp arose,
While fr..m our fiiesides started up our foes; .,
When a buhl infidel his poison spread, '
And with his scorpions hungry children fed;
Another race, part of the by-gone age.
Yet of the present, then employed the ttage.
When brding mists were gathering force and form,
Ruth Richardson was taken from the storm ;
True to her Master, she was free to die,
Yet nature shrunk from the last agony:
Gladly would she have left this scene of pain.
The promised kingdom of her Lord to gain ;
But awful feelings shadowed forth the strife.
The dread concomitant of parting life.
Gently her spirit from its house of clay
Was sent on wings of mercy on its way ;
When came the pale faced messenger to free.
Her eyes were holden that she did not see.
No pain, no sorrows, e'er her evening prayer
Joined with her morning hymn of glory there.
She felt no agony of parting breath.
Taken in kindness without tasting death I
Melodiu'is singer of heart-thrilling songs.
Of Zion's injuries and Israel's wrongs;
Whose loneiy harp still on the willow hung,
Till fresh-felt mercies every chord restrung:
Then touched to praise, its tones in sweetness broke,
That in each heart responsive feelings woke I
—Ob, I behold thee, as I last beheld.
When Gospel love thy grateful bosom swelled.
When weeping listeners heird the lale of woe,
Of menial contlicis it was thine lo know ;
When as a Hood the enemy came in.
Sweeping away the barriers against sin ;
When from a pit of horror burst thy moan,
Illumined by no brightness from the throne ;
When sombre shadows compassed thee around ;
When Satan's legions pierced with many a wound;
When the rank weeds were wrapped about thy head
When boisterous billows over thee were spread :
Then He who died and triumphed o'er the grave,
Arose in might thy struggling soul to save ;
Bade the waves sunder and temptations fly.
The scattering clouds haste from the brightening skyi
The Sun of righteousness with cheering ray.
Shed the lull radiance of perfected day.
— Then from thy lips poured forth a joyful song
To thy Redeemer — yea, it poured along
In most melodions energy of praise,
To God, the Saviour, Him of ancient days ;
The heart and language rising wilh the theme.
Till praise gushed forth, one living, glowing stream.
Then from thy lips the thrilling language fell,
"Glory to Him who raised my soul from hell I"
— Baptized in tears was many a cheek that day,
As Sarah Cresson told her chequered way.
'Twas her last Gfispel-labor here of love,
Mercy soon gathered her to praise above.
(To be continued).
How A Cat Saved a Prisoner's Life.—
In the fifteenth century there was a captive ii
the Tower of London, concerning whom a ref
markable tradition has come down to us. Thin
was Sir Henry Wyatt, grandfather of a rebe*
imprisoned in a later century, who, because hi;
opinions were opposed to those of the king, wa;
confined for a very long time in a cold ant
narrow cell, in which he neither had enougl
food to eat, clothes to warm him, nor even :
bed to lie upon ; so badly treated, indeed, wa
the unfortunate man that, but for a devotei
little attendant which regularly visited him, hi
would probably have died of starvation.
This attendant was none other than a cat
which, it is said, came down one day to hi
dungeon and forthwith formed a friendship witl
him, he having gladly welcomed her, placinj
her in his bosom to warm him, and " by raak
ing much of her won her love." The attach
ment to the lonely prisoner having been thu
begun, the cat used to come to him several time
each day, and when able, she would sometime
carry a pigeon to him.
Mo. 13, 1897
THE FRIEND.
1^37
Tliiie arose, however, tlie ilifficulty as to how
I o"<k the birds; but Sir Henry was soon able
, ~::iiiiount this. On one occasion of his jailer
silini; him, he complained of his meagre fare,
id when told, as he knew he would be, that it
as impossible to better it, he asked, " But sup-
isiiii,' I provide any, will you dress it for me?"
" I may well enough agree to do that," re-
lied the man, thinking probably how little
ro.':-pert there was of being called upon to carry
It his promise. And so, much to hisastonish-
ent, Wyatt told hira about his little visitor;
id from that time, whenever a pigeon was
rought, the good keeper always dressed it for
. When at last Sir Henry was released from
le Tower, and prosperity came again, we are
)ld that he ever showed great affection for cats ;
lid in his portraits one was generally by his
de. — Sunday School Vi-ntor.
For "The Friend."
Some Reminiscences of John Salkeld.
Supposing I may be the only person living
imiliar with some of these incidents, I pen
aem down for preservation, seeing that though
ather facetious, they really occurred to one
tigbly favored as a living Gospel minister in
is day. It should be remembered that like our
ncient friend, John Roberts, he was seldom at
loss for an answer to all comers, nor did he
ifteu find himself outmatched. As an instance,
ake the following: Standing quite demurely,
olding his horse on a ferry-boat on one occa-
ion, several young men on board concluded to
iiEve a little sport with him, and so one, noticing
'hat John's horse had a white face, queried with
lim, " What ails your horse that he is so pale
n the face?" The answer was, " Thine would
le pale too, if thou had looked through a halter
.3 long as he has." Not succeeding in raising
he expected laugh, he thereupon stepped back,
.ud another who would try what he could do, ad-
Iressed him very familiarly with, " How do you
lo, Mr. Salkeld ? ' " Thou seems to have the ad-
■antageof me ; I do not know thee." " Kot know
ne! my name is More." John, afterlooking down
'neditatively for a moment, said, '• Oh, I do recol-
ect, there was Adam and Eve in the garden,
md one more." The rest concluding it safest,
idlowed our friend to conclude bis passage in
l)eace.
Being in his dearborn on a very muddy
■oad, he was on one occasion met by one called
I gentleman, who looking for deference, very
peremptorily ordered John to turn out and give
-lim the road, but he only sat still and remarked,
'Thou may turn out thyself," and at length it
came to quite an altercation as to which sliould
do so. Finally, John, drawing himself up to
his full height, aud speaking earnestly, said,
'Well, if tfiou dost not turn out, I shall serve
thee as I did a man whom I met a short dis-
tance back." The boldness and determination
af his words and manner rather alarmed the
Other, who therefore said to his driver, " I think
iwe had better turn out, and not have any quar-
rel with the old Quaker." Accordingly they
did so, but feeling a curiosity to know what
kind iif a fate he had escaped by his complais-
ance, he said in passing, "I wish you would
tell me what it was you did to that man." " Oh,"
said John, very demurely, "He wouldn't turn
out, and so I had to."
Joseph Hoag related an instance of John's
making a convert, to the following import : That
being once confronted by a fontpad who de-
manded his money, he quickly overpowered
and disarmed him, when taking him by the
collar of his coat and the .seat of his pantaloons,
he carried him bodily to a stream of water near
by, and plunging him under again and again.
Would, during the intervals allowed as breathing
spells, lecture him upon the evil of his ways. It
is to be noted that John was taking it very
much at his ease; not so the other, who at
length, nearly strangled, stammered out, " Do —
you — intend — to — drown — me?" "I intend to
keep thee here until thou departs this wicked
life," and again he went under. Nor would
John let him go until he had made promise so
lo do, which as Joseph Hoag affirmed he did,
becoming a reformed character. This may fitly
be styled baptism by immersion, aud that unto
repentance.
While loving and honoring John for his faith-
ful occupancy of the powerful gift bestowed
upon him, his friends were yet watchful to en-
deavor, wliat in them lay, to restrain his eccen-
tricities, though not always with the desired
result, as the following incident shows: Some
of them making him a visit one morning, took
him into another room to impress upon him
the necessity of being more guarded in his ex-
pressions, etc., and it seems were in hopes that
some permanent profitable impression had been
made. However, the lecture had been long,
when John excused himself for a few minutes,
whether with malice aforethought or only inci-
dentally, I cannot say, but he soon returned,
and with a countenance and voice expressive of
the deepest concern said, "Ob, friends, do come
quickly, my ivije k speechless." They hurrying
after, he led them to the sitting room, and
pointed to her enjoying a sound nap in her easy
chair. Comment on this is unnecessary, only I
think that as they rode homeward, they must
have been troubled with grave doubts whether
they had not gone for once without their guide.
That John could receive in a becoming man-
ner the admonitions of a concerned mind, may
be seen from his reply to J. Churchman's cau-
tions on this subject, " Why, John, I have al-
ready overcome ten times as much as thou ever
had to contend with." This was no doubt true,
and yet we must all admit, it had been better if
he had overcome more. Though borne with
and even feeling a liberty in some things many
would scruple at, as for instance, when returning
from a religious visit, he was very free in his
remarks, rather to the grief of his sober-minded
companion, who, when John actually proposed
they should try the mettle of their hr)rses in a
race, could not forbear expostulating with him,
to which he replied,"! have been out on my
Master's work, and I have done it faithfully.
I am now coming home with my reward, and I
have liberty to enjoy myself."
An incident occuring during a visit to Eng-
land is perhaps better known, yet I subjoin it
as follows:
Being disappointed in a companion to a cer-
tain meeting, he went alone and on foot, and
presentinghimself at the habitation of a Friend,
asked for entertainment. Being dressed, I sup
pose, somewhat rustically, he was coolly received
and told that in consequence of their expecting
a Friend from America, it would be inconven-
ient, and yet if he was willing to lodge with
their hired man he might stay; and when morn-
ing came he was further informed that if he
would help load manure until breakfast time,
he might partake of it, with the hired man, I
suppose. John thought he could load manure,
and did so, when his host supplemented his
kindness by telling him of its being their meet-
ing day, and inviting him to go to it, after
which the family drove off, wondering mean-
while, wdiy the preacher had failed to put in an
appearance. John found his way to the house
unattended, and to the consternation of a certain
Friend, took the head of the gallery. An ajwlogy
and invitation to dine was proffered, to which
John's laconic reply was, " I have been at thy
house."
Being on his way to a meeting, he was ob-
served by some young men, who said among
themselves, " There goes Jolin Salkeld, watch
him ; he'll preach," etc. Accordingly, he soon
arose with their very words. Doubtless he had
a message for some of them, and this was de-
signed to render it more impressive.
This reminds me of a friend's saying that see-
ing the late William Scattergood come into
their meeting (London BrittanJ, the salutation
arose in his mind, " Well, what is thy business
here," and as if replying when he stood up, he
began, " My business here today is " — st> and so.
These incidents are, I believe, reliable, and I
thought possibly worth preservation. J. K.
A Good Law.— The Washington Post has
the following: It is not often that a man who
comes to Congress with a hobby has the good
fortune to see his hobby crystallize into a law.
Yet this is the unusual experience of Represen-
tative Curtis, of New York.
General Curtis is probably the greatest au-
thority on the subject of the literature of capital
punisiiment in the world. Ever since he was a
boy he has held the opinicm that nothing is
gained by putting a criminal to death, and he
thinks that the farther the world gets from
capital punishment the belter it becomes. He
is writing a book upon the subject and has
made arguments to every one who would listen
to him. One of his first acts upon coming to
Cimgress was to introduce a bill decreasing the
number of crimes for which the death penalty
could be inflicted. He kept persistently at his
hobliy, supporting the bill by able reports, and
has the satisfaction of .seeing the measure, which
had already been agreed to in the House, also
pa5s the Senate.
It may not be generally known that there are
sixty offenses under the Federal laws for which
death may be inflicted as a punishment. To
be sure, there have been no executions for these
offenses for man)- years, but they are upon the
statute books, giving, as General Curtis points
out, a sanguinary character to our laws. Under
the new law executions can take place only for
offenses against the army and the navy, murder
and rape, and to the latter two cases the jury
is given discretionary authority to add to the
verdict of guilty the words " without capital
punishment." It is an interesting fact that the
passage of a law which cuts off such a large
number of death penalties was accomplished
without a word of debate. The simple reading
of the bill seemed to be sufficient.
Putting off REPE^"TA^XE.— A hermit was
conducted by an angel into a wood, where he
saw an old man cutting down boughs to make
up a burden. When it was large enough he
tied it up, and attempted to lift it on his shoul-
der to carry it away ; but finding it very heavy
he laid it dnwn, cut more wood and heaped it
on, and then tried again to carry it off. This
he repeated several times, always adding some-
thing to his load, after trying in vain to raise
it from the ground. In the meantime the her-
mit, astonished at the old man's folly, desired
238
THE FRIEND.
Second Mo. 13, 189
the angel to explain what this meant. " You
behold," said he, " in the foolish old man, an
exact representation of those who, being maile
sensible of ihe burdens of their sins, resolve to
repent, but soon grow weary, and instead of
lessening their burden, increase it every day.
At each trial they find the task more difficult
than before, and so put it oft' a little longer, in
vain hoping that they will by and by be more
able to accomplish it.
Thus they go on adding to the burden till it
grows too heavy to be borne, and then, in des-
pair of God's mercy, and with their sins unre-
peuted of, they lie down and die. Turn again,
my son, and behold the end of the old man
whom thou sawest just now heaping up a load
of boughs." The hermit looked, and saw him
in vain attempting to remove the pile, which
was now accumulated far beyond his strength
to raise. His feeble limbs tottered over their
burden ; the poor remains of his strength were
fast ebbing away; the darkness of deaih was
gathering around him ; and after a convulsive
and impotent attempt to lift the pile, he fell
down and expired.— i/eraW of Truth.
From "The [London] Fkiend."
Elihu Burritt on the Quakers.
George Fox came out from under the weaver's
roof, and preached a strange gospel to Papist,
Episcopalian, Puritan, and Presbyterian. His
radicalism was most sweeping and unsparing.
He laid his broad axe to the root of all religious
systems and creeds, or, rather, to the trunk of
them just where it joined the root. He preach-
ed against all outward i'urms and ordinances
thitherto known and revered ; against a mau-
ordained and salaried ministry of whatever sect ;
against all formal or stated prayer and praise,
read, said, or sung at fixed hours of worship ;
against pulpit and priest and water baptism of
any form and all the sacred ceremonials and
sacraments, dear alike to rigid Puritans and
Papists.
He would pull off his hat to no one but God
himself, and to Him only in prayer. He ab-
jured and denounced oaths to human Govern-
ments and personages as pr(jfane. With his
hedge-bill he slashed this way and that, until,
as he believed, he had reduced the faith as it
was in Christ and his first disciples to its first
simplicity, purity, and experience.
True religion, he insisted, was a living spirit
in the human soul, and breathed into it directly
from above, inspiring thought, speech, and life;
moving men and women to speak as it dictated,
and to hold their peace in prayerful silence
until it did move, whether they sat in the " min-
isters' gallery" or on lower benches among the
common waiters at the mercy-seat. They were
to tollow the 8aviour of mankind in the fresh
and full fi)otsteps He made on earth, without
shadow of turning into the by-paths or cross-
tracks of human traditions, even in language
as well as life and spirit. This they served as
they would have done the music and painted
glass of the cathedral. Th;'y put away from it
all ornamental phraseology or florid diction,
ami made it as plain in utterance as their own
drab coats and bonnets were in dress.
They swept every department of domestic
and social life clean of all worldly superfluities,
and sobered down even the natural impulses
and recreations of childhood to the even beat of
staiil anil decorous morality. These (piaint men
and women, who refused to take arms, or oaths,
or creeds fi)rany human Govi-rnment, temporal
or spiritual, set them.selves to the work of win-
ning the last great victory of religious opinion
and worship.
We are too far from their starting-point to
understand or to account for the almost univer-
sal feeling of repugnance which their strange
words and ways inspired. Being more speech-
ful and energetic under the pressure of persecu-
tion than in later and quieter years, their first
voice in the wilderness was as sharp as John
the Baptist's to the Pharisees when they de-
nounced the ceremonial forms and ordinances
of both Church and Dissent. Thus, they were
regarded as a kind of broad-brimmed Ishmael-
ites, with their hand against every Christian
sect, and every sect's hand against them.
Their mission was to hold up a quiet, steady,
and unwavering testimony in lace of the relig-
ious and political powers against their long-es-
tablished and strong-built systems ; to assert not
only the rights of the individual conscience in
the matter of Christian belief and worship, but
the sovereign supremacy of the Holy Spirit's
rule in the heart and life, which no human
Government might despise or alienate.
They were few in numbers, and bore such
testimony against all the recognized denomina-
tions, that they would have been overpowered
and silenced had it not been for the intensity
of their religious belief, the even and quiet good-
ness of their lives, and a pertinacity and sereni-
ty of patience under suffering which made them
not only invincible but victors in the great con-
flict for the rights of conscience, which they
were raised up in due time to achieve. They
learned to suffer and be strong beyond any
other denomination in the great Non-conformist
struggle.
Not only did they lift up their testimony
against the rites but against the rates of the Es-
tablished Church, and opposed to every prerog-
ative it claimed a passive resistance, which for
persistence and duration has no parallel in the
history of English Christendom. One of their
periodical assemblies still commemorates their
stern experiences through the long conflict —
"The Meeting for Sufferings."
The annals of the Christian Church have not
produced a more characteristic and significant
institution than this term implies. It was a
meeting to comfort and strengthen with sym
pathy and watch with loving ministry the mem-
bers of their communion suffering imprisonment
or the spoiling of their goods for holding up
their great testimony.
Doubtless it was at one of these Meetings for
Suff'erings during the Commonwealth that one
of the most beautiful acts of brotherly love on
record was inspired. One hundred and sixty-
four Quakers from different parts of the nation
came up to Westminster, and pleaded at the bar
of the House of Commons for permission to sub
stitute themselves, body for body, for their
friends then lying in different prisons through-
out the kingdom. With the very odor of their
lives of faith and charity breathing inward upon
the British Senate, they stood before the Speaker
with their quiet and serene faces, and preferred
this strange, embarrassing request to a Parlia-
ment which had deposed Charles I., and put
him to death f)r trenching upon the political
rights of the people.
The little priestless sect of Quakers, there-
fore, was raised up fi)r a great and timely mis-
sion ; to reform the reformers; to make the free-
dom of the human conscience, or liberty to
worship God according to its dictates, perfect
through suffering.
Their invincible patience was irresistiblQ.
The unjust judge, though he feared not Go(
nor regarded man, was constrained to arise ani
avenge them of their adversaries. He couh
not stand out against their quiet faces and luili
voices from year to year. He yielded poin
after point ; and what he yielded to them avail
ed for those who had not the strength of patienc
to ask in the same way. The Non-conformit
sects of Great Britain owe a great deal more h
the patient, persistent, pas.sive testimony of th
Quakers than to any other, or, perhaps, to al
other denominations put together.
Thus, the honor was reserved to this smal
sect to be the last contingent of that army o
martyrs which through the ages has been en
listed by the Spirit of God to make the Chris
tian faith free, pure, and perfect through suffer
Natural History, Science, etc.
A Double Star Revolving in. a Day and a Hat 1
has recently been detected by means of photo I
spectroscopy, on plates examined by — Flera
iug. The speed with which such bodies raov'
must be enormous, if, as is probable, they an
comparable in size to our own. Or we migh
compare them with the living and the deai
couple which form the variable star Beta Perm
These revolve in three days at a distance o
three and a quarter million miles, and thesraal
ler (" dead") one is moving two hundred thous
and miles an hour. The newly-found pair, re
volving in half the time, must lie much close
together.
A Meteor Seen in Space. — The ordinary shoot
ing-star is visible because it is burning in thi
atmosphere. Its enormous velocity, measurei
in miles per second, causes sufficient friction f :
this, even where the rarity of the air is tei
thousand times greater than what we breathe
The average height is about fifty miles. N(
ordinary meteors have yet been seen by reflect
ed sunlight, for even one which, on burning
shines like Sirius, may be only as large as :
bullet, and the largest masses are too small t(
shine like a miniature moon while still one ban
dred and fifty or two hundred miles from th(
earth. But "on Seventh Month 21st, Professo
Brooks, of Smith Observatory, Geneva, Nev
York, watching the moon, saw through his tele
scope a dark, round object move horizontally
across its disc. It was almost undoubtedly i
meteor, moving through space between the eartl
and moon. If he had but reckoned how lont
it took we might roughly calculate its greates
distance. But he only says ''rather slowly.'
Let us assume this to mean at least one and ;
half seconds, the moon being about tliree-quar
ters full. The average speed of a meteor, a
the earth's distance from the sun, is about twen
ty-five miles per second. Hence it travellec
fifty miles whilst crossing a disc which is twt
thousand miles across. Consequently, its dis
tance would be one-fortieth that of the moon's
which is about two hundred and thirty thousant
miles away. Upon the above assumptions i
was distant, therefore, about six thousand mile
from the observer. If one only knew the exac
time it took crossing, whether at right angles t(
the line of sight, and whether precisely over tb
centre of the moon, this distance could be tolt
accurately. The whole forms an interestin;
matter for speculation, but as it stands the " ifs'
are decidedly too prominent. In any case i
must have been an abnormally large meteoi
The largest on record, seen more than a bun
dred years ago, was estimated to measure i
THE FRIEND.
239
,ile ill diameter ; it moved down the German
ceau and the Channel, dropping a fragment
1 the way, and disappeared over llie Atlantic,
lalculations indicated that it never came very
,ose to the earth, and that it probably returned
ito the realms of space. — Edmund Clark.
Lucy Gregory.
i 1836.— Eleventh Month 19th. — Indisposition
oliges me to spend moat of the day alone. The
cuds look full of rain ; and the wind, roaring
round my dwelling, forms a striking contrast
> the calm tranquillity which reigns within.
ly feelings are so indescribably consoling at I
16 present moment, that I am ready to marvel
hy it should be thus with me. I so often seem
Dwed down under a deep sense of my manifold
ifirmities, and the proneness in ray nature to
irn aside from the paths of rectitude and self-
^nial ; and that — amid all these weaknesses of
46 flesh — my Saviour, my blessed Saviourshould
f tenderly watch over so poor, unworthy a crea-
,ire, proves indeed that his love is infinite, free,
ad unbounded. Yes, and I have faith to be-
;eve that He will still continue to manifest
limself as the " Smner\s Friend," and that no
eapon of the destroyer will ever be suffered to
,urt the precious seed of the Kingdom, which
, trust is beginning to take root in my heart.
i*^hal a privilege to know that " my Redeemer
veth ;" and, whilst He condescends to direct
ly steps, whatever the future events of my life
lay be, I have no cause for anxious fear.
Twelfth Month 31st— 1837 is fast verging
jiwards its close ; and, in bidding adieu to this
pentful year, I can say it has been one of the
appiest 1 have ever passed. The astonishing
nprovement in my health has allowed me the
pportunity of partaking more fully of those
jcial and rational pleasures, which tend to
oeer and enliven the path of li.fe, and which,
oubtless, I have the more thoroughly enjoyed
om having so long known their deprivation,
here is so very much in nature calculated to
nimate and instruct the mind, as well as to
ratify the outward eye, that frequently when
andering amidst the beauties of creation, whilst
^holding the rich display of his goodness, my
ioughts have been directed towards the bene-
cent Creator of all, who thus so bountifully
rovides for his creatures.
1838.— Second Month 2nd. — My thoughts
ave dwelt much on the privileges and advan-
iges I enjoy from having been brought up
ithin the pale of a Society from which the
•ishionable amusements of life are excluded,
nd I have also thought, whilst we conscien-
lously condemn the lamentable abuse of time
id talents, which the practice of these vain
ursuits must ((ccasion, that we should be ex-
^edingly cautious how we judge those whose
ituation in the world is totally different from our
wn ; many of whom, no doubt, feel almost
ecessitated to sanction — by their presence —
hat they would gladly be excused from, if left
I the influence of their own unbiassed judg-
ment. Teach nie, O my dear Saviour, to turn
ly eyes not upon others but upon myself.
Eighth Month 2nd.— Oh! Holy Father, ac-
;pt I pray thee, the simple though sincere of-
',ring of praise, from a heart overflowing with
ratitude for the continued extension of thy
lodness ; and grant me, I beseech thee, a niea-
ireof that strength which will enable me more
id more to look on myself as nothing, only as
lou art graciously pleased to work thy wiU in
e, through the quickening iufluence of thy
blessed spirit. Oh, humble me, I pray thee,
under a sense of my natural proneness to sin ;
and, if it be thy will, preserve me from evil,
and refresh my soul.
Whoever partakes of Tobacco or Intoxica-
ting Brink doth put an enemy into his mouth
to steal away his brains, is just so far a drunk-
ard, and the more liable to be sent to his last
account unwashed, unhallowed, unanointed, un-
annealed, with all his imperfections on his head.
Let us be sober, be vigilant, putting on the
breastplate of faith and love, and for a helmet,
the hope of salvation. — S. X.
He is safe in the greatest dangers whom
God undertakes to protect ; and He under-
takes the protection of all who commit their
cause to Him ; think of Noah, David and
Daniel.
THE FRIEND.
SECOND MO.XTH
(George Fox. By Thomas Hodgkin). — This
book forms one of a series of biographies of
men who have been prominent as leaders in the
great religious movements of modern times. It
is skilfully prepared as a literary work, and is
an interesting book. Indeed, the character and
experiences of George Fox are of such a strik-
ing nature, that the work might reasonably be
ex])ected to be attractive to the reader.
T. Hodgkin appears to have been quite care-
ful that his own profession as a Friend should
not lead him to overestimate the character of
George Fox, or the value of his services to re-
ligion and his country. Indeed, the chief criti-
cism we have to make on his work is that in
some points he fails to do full justice to that re-
markable man.
It grates rather harshly on tlie feelings of one
who has all his life been accustomed to look
with great and deserved respect on the sayings
and experiences of this great reformer, and to
trace the Divine hand in his movements, to hear
him spoken of as narrow-minded and manifest-
ing bitterness to those that opposed him, and to
see such epithets as "strange, excited ditcourse,"
applied to communications delivered under a
weighty sense of Divine requiring, and whose
authority was proven by the wonderful effect
they produced on the listeners.
Thomas Hodgkin appears to have been influ-
enced by the writings of the late Robert Bar-
clay, who in his Inner Life of the Religious So-
cieties of the Commonwealth, largely substitutes
his own imaginations and inferences from the
history of the times, for the explicit statements
of the early members of our Society, thus en-
deavoring to make them responsible for views
which they did not entertain. Some of these
points are shown in a review of his work, by the
late Dr. Charles Evans, of Philadelphia, en-
titled "An E.uimen," to which the reader is re-
ferred.
The impression left on the mind by the read-
ing of T. Hodgkin's work, is a wish, that in ad-
dition to the literary qualifications which the
author posse.-ssd for writing such a book, he
had been animated by such a love for the prin-
ciples of Quakerism and a sense of the responsi-
bility of his work, as would have eliminated
from his book all that tends to lessen one's ven-
eration for those faithful advocates for the Truth,
who counted not their lives dear unto themselves
80 that they might finish their course with joy,
and the ministry they had received of the Lord
Jesus, to testify the Gcspel of the Grace of God.
Our Friend, .Josiah W. I^eds, having been
exercised over the spread of what is called
"Progressive Euchre," in the community, has
issued a tract on this form of gambling, a part
of which is published in The Friend of this
week.
A personal letter from him states that in
some public houses kept by members of our So-
ciety, the tables have been allowed to be used
for this evil purpose. This is a sad and unex-
pected piece of information. The evil of gam-
bling is so well known, that few indeed are the
persons who can plead ignorance as an excuse
for indulging in it. And the proprietors of
boarding houses, who permit their tables to be
used for such objects, certainly fall far short of
bearing that open testimony against wrong-
doing, which is required of a consistent Chris-
tian.
If any of our readers have given way to the
temptation to indulge in this form of gambling,
or any other; or to .sanction it in any way, our
desire for them is that expressed by our Saviour
to the woman who was brought to Him as an
ofl^etider, "Go and sin no more."
SUMMARY OF EVENTS.
United States.— On the 2nfi insLini, at the State
Department, ihe Anglo- Venezuelan .\rljitrati(in treaty
was signed by Sir Julian Paiincefote, the British Ait-
bassador, and Jose Andrade, the Venezuelan Mini.-ter.
The arbitration tribunal will consist of Baron Her.-cbel I
and Sir Richard Henn Collins, on the part nf Great
Britain; Melville W. Fuller, Chief Justice, and David
J. Brewer, Associate Justice of the United Stales .Su-
preme Cmirl, on the part of Venezuela, and a fifth
jurist to be selected by the four persons nominated.
On the Sth inst. a IJill creating a new Judicial Dis-
trict in Texas was passed over the President's veto
in the United States Senate. The .Anglo-American
Arbitration Treaty wasconsidered in executive session.
The United States last year produced 36,000,000
barrels of fermented liquors.
On the 3rd instant the Secretary of the Interi .r sent
to the Senate the geological survey report on the gold
deposits in Alaska. It shows the presence (jf a g dd
belt 300 miles in lens;lh, which enters the Territory
near the month of Forty Mile Creek, and extends
westward across the Yukon Vallev. It is the opinion
of the gecdogist that it is practicable to prose-ule
quartz mining throughout the year in this region.
Large areas of bituminous coal were also discovered
along the river. The report says that there can be
little ilispute as to the boundary line where u crosses
the gold belt, as it is cut in two bv the 141sl meriilian.
The Slate Capilol building, at Harrisburg, was com-
pletely destroyed by fire on the afternoon of the 2nd
instant. Both Houses of the Legislature were in ses-
sion when the fire started, and hasty adjournirienis
were taken. Tlie flames, which started in the Lieu-
tenant Govern^ r's apartments over the Senaie Clcaiu-
ber, gained headway so rapidly that practically noth-
ing could bedoneto check iheui. The loss isestimated
at over ^600,000. The letiislative records were saved.
On Fourth-day lasi, the New York Central Railroad
Company, with its affiliated branches, began regular
and continued traffic over the great steel viaduct and
new Harleiu River brid.e, which have been in course
ol construction for the last f iur years. Tbe roa..nitude
of the s:eel viaduct can best be explaimd by some
figures. The structure is about two miles in length,
and raises the grade a maximum distance of 20 feet.
The viaduct is oS feet in width, giving rirom for the
four tracks that have been built on it, and which are
laid in a solid water-tight flooring of cement. Tlie
most wonderful portion of this viaduct i^ the new
Harlem bridge, at iis upper end. The old bridge, on
account of low grade, has been a eon>tant and expen-
sive annoyance to the railroad cjmpany and lo navi-
gators, for its draw has to be opened even tor the
smallest craft. The new bridge being iwenty-four feet
above bieb waler ruark, makes it po^siiile for tns;s,
barges and scows to pass under it. It will be necessary
240
THE FRIEND.
second Mo. 13, IS:
to open ihe draw only for the passage of large boats.
The drawbridge is the largest of the kind ever built.
It is 61 feet wiile, and 40U feet long, carries the four
tracks of the mad and weighs 400 tons. When open it
leaves two navigable passage ways, each 100 feet wide.
When P. A. Spioer settled in Kansas many years
ago, he says in the '' Literary Digest," a neighbor in
digging a well, found a fine, rich surface soil at a
depth of 100 feet. Digging through this, the work-
men fonnd gravel, clay and water. This earth, which
was thrown out was found covered in the conr>e of a
few weeks with a rich growth of tropical vegetation.
There were little <late trees and other varieties of
palms, besides shrubs, plants, weeds and grasses in
great numljers, all totally unlike anything which grew
or could grow in the open air throughout the year in
that climate.
What is considered the greatest quantity of pure
sulphur ever found in the We-t has been discovered
in the Cascade Mountains, Washington, not far from
the Xorthern Pacific Kailroad. Ji.hn Kenneth, of
Orting, the discoverer, has kept the exact location
secret, but has brought nut samples which evidence
the high value nf the find. By correspondence, it is
said, Kenneth has been able to interest a syndicate,
headed by John D. Rockefeller, in the liisrovery.
A despatch to the Philadelphia Inquirer from New
York, stales that Thomas A. Edison, after much ex-
perimenting, has discovered a chemical that, in con-
nection with ihe Fhioroscope, will make some of the
internal parts of the body plainly visible When the
visual orjjans are not destroyed ihe blind under cer-
tain circumstances will be enabled to see.
Prominent s-tockmen of the Indian Territory and
the Panhandle report that the recent blizzard has re-
sulted in the death of thousands of cattle on the range.
For the first time in a number of years large water
courses are frozen over.
Deaths in this city last week numbered 50.5, which
is 50 less than the previous week, and 38 less than
the corresponding week of 1896. Of the foregoing, 250
were males and -2-55 females: 101 died of pneumonia ;
54 of consumpricin ; 45 of heart disease; 27 of diph-
theria ; 23 of apoplexy ; 20 of o!d age ; 17 of bronchitis ;
14 .if nephritis ; 13 of intiammatiiu of the brain ; 13 of
convulsions, and 12 of Bright's disease.
MarhOs, it-c— U. S. 2's, 9)1 a 97; 4's, reg., lUi a
112; <oup.n, 112 a 1124; nesv 4's. reg., 122 a 122J ; 5V,
113} a I13J; currency 6's, 103 a 106.
COTTd.N' was quiet but sleailv at 7iVc. per pound for
midilling uplands
FEED.-Spot bran ranged from $11.25 to $12.00 per
ton fir winter in bulk and $11.25 a $11.75 for sprin<f
in sa.-ks. °
Flour.— Winter super, JI2 55 a $2.80 : do., extras,
$2.90a*3.20: Penn>ylvania n.lier, clear, $1.10 a $4 25-
do., do., -straight. $4 25 a $4.40 ; Western .vinter. clear!
$4.10 a $4.25; do., do., straight, $4.25 a $4.40: do.,
do., patent. $4.-50 a $4.65 : spring, clear, *3.65 a $3.80 •
do., straight. $4 00 a $4.25 ; do., patent, $4.30 a $4.45 ;'
do., favorite brands, higher. City mills, extra, $3 05
a $3.30; do., clear, $4.05 a $4.30: do., straight, $4.30
a $;_4_50; d..., patent, $4.55 a $4 80. Rye Flour.—
$2.75 per bbl. fi.r choice Pennsylvania. Buckwheat
Flour.— $1.10 a $1.25 per lOO' pounds, as
Grain.— Xo. 2 red wheat, 88.i a S9<-.
Xo. 2 mixed corn, 26 a 26 Vc.
No. 2 while oats, 23i a 23.Vc.
Bef.f Cattle— Kxtra, 4? a oc; goo.l, 41 a 4|c.-
meilium, 4J a 42c.; common, 4 a 4Jc. " '
Sheep axd Lambs.— Extra, 4J a 45c.; good, 4 a 4}c.;
medium, 34 a 3:ic ; common, 2.! a 33c.; lambs, 4 a b\c
Hoos.— Best Western, 5} a 54c.; other We-tern, 5} a
toqu
f Commons last
^:nu'ellor ..f the
' -i £798,000 to
i iM expedition
■ -I' 109 to 57.
llie creation of
Wales Hospital
le sixtieth anni-
54c.: Slate, 45
FOKEIGN— In the British IT.,
week, Sir Miih.rl [IM..-I;,.,,
Exchequer, m i ! ; i
meet the total . . ' i , \ .
to Doiigob.. 1: ., .;;,,., 1,.
The Prime. U Wale, b ,s pru,
a fund. I., be called the Pant.
Fun.l, for Lon.lf.n. to onimeni.ir
versary of the (Jueen's a. cession . ^.
The I'n.ler Secretary for F..reis!n Affairs staled in
the II.lU^e of C.immons on the 8th inst. that the re-
mors of a massacre in Crete were iinlonnded. There
bad been^ some firing, but the l.iss of life had been
small. Five th.>usand refugees have embarked from
Canea, and that place is n.iw perfectly q.iiet.
Kc.>lland can n.i longer claim to posse-s the longest
railway bri.ige in the world. The recently completed
bri.lue over the Danube at Czernavoda obtains this
distinrtb.n by nearly 3000 feel. The length of the
new structure, exclusive of its approaches, is 13,325
feet, while its principal spans over the main channel
of the river are 620 and 455 feet respectively. The
remaming spans e.ttend over some nine miles of low-
lying land, which for several months of the year is
completely submerged.
The plan of reform for Cuba was signed by the
Queen Regent on the 4th inst. The principal features
will be a Council of Administration, most of whose
members will be elective. The high officials of the
island will be appointed by the Governor General,
but they must be Cubans or Spaniards of two years'
residence on the island. The Council of .Administra-
tion will frame a tariff" and draw up a budget. The
plan is not favorably received in Spain, as it "gives
the Cubans everything."
Spain's Prime Minister says the Government would
not wait for the complete pacification of Cuba to in-
troduce the ref.u-ms. If the rebelli.m is confined to
the Eastern provinces it will be sufficient. There is
much dissatisfaction in Madrid over what are belit
to be the excessive concessions made to the Cubans in
the scheme of reform, and it is thought that Cabinet
changes are likely to rtsult.
A despatch of the 3r.i inst. from Porto Rico, says.
The autonomists of the island have issued a manifesto
announcing strong dissatisfaction at the reforms
cently granted by Spain. The manifesto states that
because of ihe party's attitude its members will refuse
to vote at the oming municipal elections. These
elections are the first practical application of the new
law.
Permission to excavate ihe site of old Corinth, be-
tween the Acrocorinthus and the modern city has
been granted to the American School at Athens by
the Greek Government.
It is stated that the Czar of Russia has epileptic
seizures about once a month. His medical attendants
have prescribed a strict regimen designe.l to strengthen
especially the nervous system. He has abandoned
smoking and only takes a very small quantity of wine.
Apart from his epileptic condition his health is good.
The Governor of the Trans-Caspian Territ.iries an-
nounces that the bubonic plague has appeared at Can-
dahar, Afghanistan.
A f..rce of Cossacks will be sent to watch along the
Amu Darya River, to prevent, if possible, the intro-
ducii.m of ihe disease into Russian territory.
Two Danish officers named Olafsen and "Philipsen,
who recently explored the Pamir country north of
the Himalayas, found there unknown tribes who are
fire-worshippers and ignorant of the use of money.
Their animals are all dwarfed, the cows being the size
of ponies, the donkeys of large dogs and the sheep of
s.uall pocdies. Women are sold f.ir five or six cows
or fifteen sheep apiece. Their chief article of barter
is lur.s.
Riipshu, a district on the north slope of the Hima-
layas, 15,000 feet above sea level and surrounded by
m.mntains from 3000 to .5000 feet higher, has a per-
manent population of 500 persons, who live in goat-
skin tents all the year round. Water freezes there
every nighl, but no snow falls on ao'ount of the dry-
ness of the air. The people are shepherds, and dress
in pajamas an.l a limg cloak, wearing an additional
cloak in unusually col.l weather.
NOTICES.
Westtown Boarding School.— A state.l meeting
of the Committee on Admissions will be held at
Fourth anil .irch Streets, on Seventh-day, the 13th
inst., at 10 A. M^ J NO. W. BiDDLE, Clerk.
VV'esttown Boarding School. — Applications for
the admis.sion of pupils to the school, and letters in
regard to instruction and discipline should be ad-
dressed to William F. Wickersham, Principal.
Payments on account of board and tuition, and
communKations in regard to busine.ss should be for-
warded to Edward G. S.medley, Superintendent.
Address, Westtown P. O., Chester Co., Pa.
Westtown Boarding School.— For convenience
of persons coming to Westt.)wn School, the stage will
meet trains leaving Philadelphia 7.17 and 8 46 A M
an.l 2.53 and 4.32 p. .m. Other trains are met when
requested. Stage fare on regular trips, fifteen cents,
on special trips, twenty-Hve cents each way. T.i reach
the school by telegraph, wire West Chester Phone 85.
Edward (i. Sjiedley. Sup't.
Friends Teaciier-s' Association will hold its
ne.Tt meeting at 140 N. Si..cleenth Street, Phila., the
13lh instant, at II A. M. The hour has been changed
Ir.nn 2 p. M. to 11 a. M , so that teachers and those in-
terested in education might have an opportunity to
hear Dr. M. G. Brumbaugh, the noted lecturer on edi
cational topics. The subject of the lecture will be ro
nounced later. All interested in education are we
come, and shoul.l not miss hearing Dr. Brumbaugh.
Wm. F. tJvERMAN, Business Manager.
Western Quarterly Meeting of Friends.-
The train leaving Broad Street Station, Philadelphii
at 7.17 A. M., on the nineteenth inst. will be i
West Grove to convey (free of charge) those desirin
to attend the Western Quarterly Meeting of Friend:
to be held at London Grove, Chester Co., Pa.
It would assist the Committee if those intending t
come could inform by p.jslal in advance.
Trueman C. Moore, 1 „
Geo. R. CHAMBERS, '|<^"™™«e«-
Died, Twelfth Month 22nd, 1896, at his home .
New Garden Township, Chester County, Pa., Joh
Thomas, in his eighty-first year; an esteemed eld«
and overseer of Xew Garden Monthly and Parlicula
Meeting, of which he was a regular attendant, hot
on First and Fourth-days; nothing but sickness "
terring him from his course. He was a faithful i
holder of the testimonies and practices of ancier
Friends. It was the last trip he was making to mit
week meeting when he was stricken down by^'his hors
running off, and breaking both of his legs, which lai
him upm a bed of languishing. The sh.ick
much for his nervous system, and he never fully ri
covered his reason. Durinir his confinement, he ws.
as meek as a child, and his prayer was, that he migh,
depart and be at rest, leaving us (his chil.lrer *
friends), the c jnsoling evidence that his end was |
and he has left us a priceless legacy of a reputatiol
for integrity worthy to be imitated. His love forever
one, and especially the p.ior and needy of his neigl
borhuod, was one of his sterling atlribiiles. He ws)
nursed with tender care by his children, for which h
was ever thankful, often expressing his appreciatio'
of the doctor's services. Thus we feel clear in havin
ministered to his last wants, trying to nurse him bad
to health ; and we keenly feel'the loss of his societ,
and advice, tb.iugh his precept and example will lit
long after him.
, at his residence near Downingtown, Pa., Fin'
Monlh 2nd, 1897, William Urich Ditzler, a men
her and minister of the Monthly Meeting of Frientii
of Philadelphia for the Western" Districi, aged near!,
seventy-six. The son of a Lutheran preacher, li,
passed his early years in Lebanon, Pa. When quit:
young he came iiuiler the convicting power of thi
H.dy Spirit, and was brought to a sense of the :
sion of his sins. Abiilin? in the same power, he bi
came convinced of the spiritual nature of the Gosp
including the true baptism and communion, and w»^
in principle a Friend before he knew there was \
people piofcssing ihe Truth as it had been opened 1
himself. A faithful adherence to the light manifeste
to him soon separated him from observances in whicl
he had been taught, and eventually, before he wast
age, led his steps t.) Philadelphia, where he heart
M
here '
a people i
iithy with his vi.
lowing Friends whom he saw .m their way to meetioff
he found in their silent worship that which salisL_
him that they were spiritually his people, and he bii
came in due time faithfully attached to their religioUk
Society, where he was at length brought fori h inli '
ministry. In the exercise of this acknowledged gift
he was especially and powerfully, at times, enlar]
in country meetings and in prisons and almshoui
which he was concerne.l to visit in Pennsylvania, Ne'
Jersey, Delaware and Ohio. In his younger days b,
did much self-sacrificing work in the most degrade
quarters of ihe city. Several remarkable instancy
his guidance in special cases are remembered, ifliSI
trating the power of Divine Grace. He kept his ri
lar place of business open in Philadelphia, less for£
than as a place of daily conference with men ofa|
creeds ami persuasions; with the young who ne
nsel and the strength of his fatherly sympathy, wit:
the older concerning the welfare of Triitli
_ isters of vari.)us denominations who craved an ay
lifting in a higher spirituality. In the places whic
now know him no more, we miss a valiant for Ih^
fruth upontheea.th,a heart of all embracing charit'
an eye single to the Captain of his salvation, a stron
e'S to the immediate opening and direction of th^
Spirit of Truth, and one wh.ise last remembered lest:
y on a religious visit was: "The same that mad
George Fox a Friend, ma ie me a Friend."
WILLIAM H. PILE'S SONS, PRINTERS,
No. 422 Walnut Street.
THE FRIEND
A Religious and Literary Journal.
VOL. LXX.
SEVENTH-DAY, SECOND MONTH 20, 1897
No. 31,
PUBLISHED WEEKLY.
Price, if paid in advance, $2.00 per annum.
Subscription^^ paytnenls and business conim-uiLicatiom
received by
Edwin P. Sellew, Publisher,
No. 207 Walnct Place,
I (South from Walnut Street, between Third and Fourth,)
' PHILADELPHIA.
Articles designed for insertion to be addressed to
i JOSEPH WALTON,
' MooRESTOWN, Burlington Co., N. J.
' Entered as second-class matter at Philadelphia P. O.
^ry and Letters of Deborah Brooks Webb.
; (Continued from pase XU. )
11871.— Twelfth xMonth.— A cold winter, with
ptlesuow or rain. The smallpo.x has visited this
;ty, so that there has been over two hundred
(saths every week for .some time. It seems a
ilemn consideration, death apparently so near
r.. The .sweet promise has been much with me,
tt shall not come nigh thy dwelling," accom-
mied with a secret hope for preservation.
1872. — Fourth Mouth 2nd. — Yesterday went
th M. and L. E. B. to attend the funeral of
."y dear friend Anna S. Bailey, near Pottstown.
iirrowful indeeil it is to part witli one so much
iloved, but there is sweet evidence that she
lis entered into the rest prepared for the people
I God.
In a letter to a Friend dated Fourth Month
<d, she thus alludes to the approaching Yearly
'eeting: "How close it is upon us. I think
snietimes that the weight of it ought to rest
(lore) on my spirit, for it is always a serious
tiie. The young look forward to it as a season
< strengthening, the middle aged also, and the
«,ler ones as a time of great responsibility.
]nw differently I go up to them, from what I
vsd to do. Then there was such a longing
f" a greater manifestation of his will, and
idesire for confirmation of m}' already taken
tirabling footsteps. Blessed forever be his holy
lime. He did not leave me comfortless, uniu-
sucted, but sent message after message, answer-
i> all ray objections, confirming all my convic-
tns. How the words of precious ones gone
Ifore used to distil as the dew upon the thirsty
gjund, cheering, brightening every living de-
se. And how true it was, the more faithfulness
^s abode in, the easier the pathway became,
si the light seemed to shine brighter, but
^obedience brought clouds of doubt, a wilder
r>s journey. How expressive are the words,
' he path of the just is as a shining light, that
s neth more and more unto the perfect day.' "
Fifth Month .^th. — A month of much exercise
, »d many blessings. Yearly Meeting has passed,
'ent with dear E. A. and Ann Jones over to
ti other side of the meeting-house. It was a
tal, but I want to do whatever will serve the
lord's cause the most in the hearts of the
cildren of men ; our side (the east), was so full
and the other so vacant. The Yearly Meeting
was more satisfactory than many of late. Abbie
Heald, the only woman Friend with a minute.
She is weighty and deeply exercised.
In a letter to a Friend she alludes to some of
the exercises of the Yearly Meeting:
"E. E. E. gave us such a good testimony in
regard to the Queries, addressing the young,
that they should not look upon them as a mere
form, that it was possible to keep them.selves
unspotted from the world ; that the hedge was
thrown around them by their elder friends, who
were influenced by the Spirit of Truth. It was
very good. Thy poor friend felt the weight of
the meeting. Once called ; the first session, ' I
am the Lord thy God which brought thee out
of the land of Egypt ; open thy mouth wide,
and I will fill it;' believing a hungering and
thirsting in our meetings would have its reward.
If here was no sensible evidence of acceptance,
yet if there was an effjrt to draw near unto
Him, they could no more be hidden than the
poor woman who came in the press behind our
Saviour to touch the hem of his garment, virtue
would go out of Him."
26th. — A variously exercised Meeting. First,
P. A. Elkinton in supplication; then S. F. B.
in testimony, quite excellently. After a good
pause, J. Collins Stokes knelt in supplication,
the first time in public, desiring that every trial
may be sanctified to us, etc. He has had many
trials, but perhaps all intended to bring him to
a willingness to acknowledge his Master's name
publicly. Oh, that others in our meeting would
be faithful. We hear that our Ohio friends have
arrived safely at their home, and in a sweet
letter to day from E. Fawcett, she desires for
me, that I may be kept in the" safe enclosure "
of the Great Head of the Church, and bring
forth fruit, to the praise of his Great Name.
Seventh Month 2nd. — I feel like being much
alone to-day; much with God. One year ago
to-night brother Silas died, went, we humbly
believe, to his everlasting rest.
In the summer she visited Watkins Glen, Ni-
agara, went down the St. Lawrence to Lake
Champlain and Lake George, Hudson River,
and to her relatives living in Providence, R. I.,
of which she says: "It was a summer full of
rest and pleasure, which had seemed promised
me by my Heavenly Father." In a letter to a
friend, alluding to this journey, she makes the
following remarks, which are so characteristic,
it was thought best to insert them : " We have
been so favored, some annoyances, but much to
be thankful for. ' I thank thee for this, and
please give us the other,' has so continually been
my prayer, and, dear, so granted."
From Boston, Eighth Month 21st, she writes :
" Brother seemed anxious to take us to Rocky
Point, to get a baked clam dinner and see the
various objects of interest there. We found
much to enjoy, particularly the rocks piled in
wild confusion, and so massive, too, some form-
ing natural bridges, and others small caverns
and elevated pathways. I quite enjoyed going
through them all, and am often reminded of
that passage in Prov.,The conies are little people,
they dwell among the rocks. There were so
many places for 'little people' to hide, both
from the enemy and from the storm. Can we
not take the lesson home? Our Saviour's arms
are always open tor us, and we can hide in Him
all our griefs, and He will in no wise cast out.
He is our Refuge, our Rock, our High Tower
and Fortress. ' Be not faithless, but believing.'
We had many beautiful drives and were at
meeting several times. It was quite small, many
out of the city. There is one Friend I love so
much — Elizabeth Meader — sheis Joseph Hoag's
daughter, and is one of the few who have the
good old ways. She came out to call on us, but
we were away, so we returned it before long.
She says she has faith to believe that our So-
ciety will yet be revived, and come back to the
old standard. It is cause of rejoicing to many
here that S. F. S. is not made a subject of con-
versation. She seems to be one of the past, in-
fluence all gone, and almost forgotten. Many
young and inexperienced feel the query arise,
' Why was she not settled in her mind, and
grounded before she went fijrtli to teach others.'
The public opinion seems to be that she has
left her strength behind her. She will not have
the extended influence she had while connected
with the Society. So dear, we see, ' The Lord
will work, and who shall let Him.' Oh, that
He would winnow more and more the chaflT
from amongst us, and breathe upon the dry
bones, that there may be a shaking and an
arising into life. Life ! Life ! More of that in
our day of Quakerism, and we shall prevail —
take that away and we are nothing, worse than
nothing — stumbling blocks." . . Alluding to
her return to Philadelphia, she says, " I scarcely
know where home is to be just now, but as the
poet says, ' In some way or other the liOrd will
provide.'
" ' It may not be my way.
It may not be thy way.
And yet in his own way.
The Lord will proride.'
"So I just trust it to Him. . . How sweet
to feel there is a refui^e in every doubt and
trial, and that it is blessed to trust in Him.
' Blessed are all they that put their trust in
Him.' "
Under date of Ninth Month 'Jth, she writes:
" Poor E. Rhoads, released at last from sufier-
iug. It seems almost certain that she is safe in
our Father's love, for innocence and purity
shone so conspicuously in her daily life. Only
to be ready, seems our daily watchword. What
an aflliction for her husband. How many in-
teresting young mothers have been removed of
late years."
Eleventh Slonth 7th. — Our hearts have been
made sad this week, from the decease of our
dear friend Lydia B. Kite, on Sixth-day morn-
ing. Our meeting was very remarkable, seem-
ing more like a funeral than a First-day morn-
ing meeting. Dear Lydia was of a very gentle,
loving spirit — a lively minister, and when the
end came she could feel that it was a solemn
242
THE FRIEND.
?econd JIo. 20, 1897
thing to (lie, but so glorious." She saw the
pearl gates open to receive her, with an eye of
faith, and waited the ruoiiient when she should
depart.
Twelfth Mouth 6th.— Attended Arch Street
Meeting, it being the last time it was to be held
there on First-day mornings. The Southern
Meeting has been joined with it, and the meet-
ings are to be held at Orange Street. It seems
sad. We bad a good meeting. Richard Ester-
brook was there, and quite lively in testimony.
My dear Master gave me to supplicate for them,
that they might die to live, suffer to reign, and
not deny Him.
In a letter to a friend she thus alludes to the
union of these meetings. Twelfth Month 8th,
1872 : " Well, dear, I wrote to you of the pros-
pect of the two meetings being united — that
was very quietly accomplished last Fifth-day
at an adjourned meeting, though all the busi-
ness was not completed, they (expect) this week
to finish. It has been quite a grief to some
Friends, but I am continually reminded of the
accounts we read of the stork. It is said they
live to a great age, and that when old and
infirm, the younger ones watch over and care
for them, bearing them on their wings to places
of safety, so it seems to me, the junior meeting
is to come home and support the senior, and
good nourishment and care they will get, I
think, for many of the Southern Friends are so
valuable. Some call the union of the two meet-
ings their marriage, but others say both parties
are consulted in marriage. I went down last
First-day morning to Arch Street, thinking it
would be pleasant to see the last one."
In a letter of Twelfth Month 29th she thus
speaks of her dear friend, S. F. Balderston :
" S. F. Balderston was very excellent in testi-
mony, as he always is. I think he is a great
blessing to our meeting in the hand of his Maker,
so gentle spirited, so meek, and so filled with
the Heavenly illuminating oil in his ministerial
services, bringing forth things, new and old."
1873.— Fourth xMonth 19th.-My birth-day.
Forty-three years have passed since life was
mine". Now, how do I pass it? Am I desiring
above all to glorify my Creator and Redeemer?
Oh, Lord, thou knowest! thou knowest my de-
sire to do and be whatever is thy will. Strengthen
me, Oh, Lord, lead and guide me and give me
thy own spirit and thy wisdom.
21st. — Our Yearly Meeting has commenced,
and we humbly hope the Shepherd of Israel
will watch over us for good, and restrain all un-
ruly spirits.
27th. — Yearly Meeting passed over, and we
have great cause to bless the name of our King,
who has divided the sea, whose waves roared,
and made a way for his people to pass over.
We feel that his blessed hand was with us. We
have been greatly favored in our meetings here
at our North Meeting-house many times of late.
Be pleased, oh Father, to hear the petitions of
thy children.
(To be continued.)
"The.se words spake Jesus, and lifted up
his eyes to heaven, and said, Father, the hour
is come; glorify thy Son, that thy Son also
may glorify thee: as thou hast given Him pow-
er over all flesh, that He should give eternal
life to as many as thou hast given Him. And
this is life eternal, that they might know thee
the only true God, and Jesus Christ, whom thou
hast sent" — (Johnxvii: 1-3).
The Lord often crosses our wills for the bene-
fit of our aouls.
A Flight Across the Sea.
It had long beeu my desire to cross the ocean,
to visit the country beyond the sea. Accord-
ingly about two months previous to the date of
sailing, I secured a berth on the Rhynland (one
of the American Line steamers, running be-
tween Philadelphia and Liverpool). It was
about 8.30 on a morning in late summer, one
(if those extremely hot days, we sailed out from
the h.arbor in Philadelphia. A pilot boat guided
us out to the breakwater, where it left us about
four p. M. I had often wondered why an ex-
perienced captain could not guide his own ship
out of the harbor at either end of the trip, with-
out going to the expense of hiring a pilot, whom
they have to pay from one hundred and fifty
to two hundred dollars, according to the weight
of the vessel. The point in question is this,
The majority of the ocean steamers with their
cargo are insured, and if anything should hap-
pen them without a pilot, the company will
not hold themselves responsible for the insur-
ance. A captain is held responsible for the
safety of his ship all the way through, and is
required to be stationed at his post on the bridge
at every time of danger, no matter how long
it lasts. The distance from Philadelphia to
Liverpool is about three thousand four hun-
dred miles, while from New York it is three
thousand. The fastest time on record is made
by the Si. Paul and St. Louis, in five days and
five hours, but in order to do that they are com-
pelled to consume about five hundred tons of
coal each day. The small ones consume about
sixty tons of coal a day.
Soon after we left the breakwater we encoun-
tered a heavy fog, which continued with us for
about four days and nights. During that time
they kept the fog whistle blowing at intervals
of only about two minutes each. Strange to
say I went to my berth each night and slept
soundly through it all. The most dangerous
part of the route is opposite Sable Island (just
this side of the Banks of Newfoundland) where
it is most always foggy and stormy, and unless
extremely careful, vessels are very apt to run
aground.
The deepest part of the ocean is at a point
called Flemish Cap, or the Devil's Hole (as
the sailors call it), where it is said to be un-
fathomable. One of the first questions which
greeted my ear soon after my return was, "Did
I get sea-sick ?" Notwithstanding the fact we
were favored in not having any storm, there is
a peculiar recking motions at times, which is
very apt to upset one's equilibrium. In regard
to myself, I will candidly admit it did not lose
any time in getting there, as I was sick the very
first night. But the next morning was able to
be up on deck again, and so continued to be
all the way through the trip. One evening
especially during the voyage, I witnessed one
of the most gorgeous sunsets that ever decked
the horizon. After a time Luna shed her rays
over the water, lending new enchantment to
the scene, and making one of those brilliant
panoramas of nature which we sometimes read
of but seldom witness.
Early on the morning of the 19th we were
safely landed at the docks in Liverpool. There
was only a few minutes detention at the custom
house. After unlocking my trunk and stand-
ing back, expecting to see one of the officials
in charge step forward and dive through the
entire contents of it, was surprised to hear him
say, " Haveyouany tobacco or cigars in there?"
And when I quickly answered him in the nega-
tive, he said, "All right, you can lock it up
again." In regard to tobacco, they do not
raise it to any extent over there, so cigars are
consequently a luxury which only the wealthy
class can enjoy. Four of us secured a bus and
were driven to Lime St. Station (about three
miles distant) for the sum of a shilling each
(twenty-five cents.)
I will state here, in order to avoid having
trouble with money there, it is very import-
ant to obtain English currency before leaving
the American shore. At the above station 1
secured a ticket on the London and North-
western Railway for Euston, London, and in a i
few minutes was comfortably seated in one of
the cars, in route for that point. The distance
from Liverpool to London is one hundred and i
ninety-six miles. Our route extended mostly I
through beautiful agricultural districts. In
some sections they seemed just to have finished
their wheat harvest, as it was all shocked ready
for hauling in. But then things in general
seem to be much more backward through Eng-
land than in America (excepting the people).
Owing to the scarcity of timber through Eng-
land, Ireland and Scotland, the houses are all
built of brick and stone. Almost before we
were aware of it our train halted at Euston
Station, London, the terminus of the road. After i
looking after my trunk, which I failed at that
time to find, and by the way it is a regular
nuisance to be bothered with in travelling, as
it is much better to adopt the plan of Nellie
BIy, and carry all the clothes one needs with
them. I secured a hansom and was driven to
21 Windsor Road, where I had previously en-
gaged boarding. Next morning, bright and
early, I started out sight-seeing. Having re-
solved before leaving home if I got to London
to make it a point to visit Windsor Castle, the
Queen's residence, I went to Victoria station,
and after a ride of thirty-five miles, was set
down in the town of Windsor. Conspicuous
among all the buildings was the Castle ilsel. '
situated on a prominent eminence overlooking i
the picturesque river Thames, and built in such |
a manner as to form almost a circle. Ascend- I
ing a long flight of stone steps, we found our
selves within the Castle grounds. The Queer
was absent at the Isle of Wight, her seasidt
resort. When the Queen and court are abseni
the state apartments of the Castle are usually
open to the public on certain days of the week
from eleven o'clock until four in summer, and
from eleven until three, in winter. Tickets o! i
admission are issued at the Lord Chamberlain's
in Castle Yard. The suite consists of iht
following rooms: The " Vandyck room," S;(
called on account of the paintings containec
therein by that master. The Zuccarelli rooii
contains nine large paintings, but will not taki
the time or space to describe them. The ceil ^
ing of the state ante-room is painted by Verrir
and represents a banquet of the gods. Thi
grand vestibule is a lofty apartment, lightet
from above by an octagonal lantern of elegam ,
design. The " Waterloo Chamber" is a nobli
room of large dimensions. In it many of tht
state banquets are given. Visitors are coa
ducted to the Throne room. It contains ;
handsome ivory throne, a gift to the Queen h\
the Maharajah of Travancou. Next to be seei
is the grand reception room. This is simpli
magnificent, ornamented in the style of thi
period of Louis XIV. The walls are embel
lished with some fine specimens of Gobelin Tap
estry. The room also contains a maguificen
Malachite vase, a gift to the Queen by Nicholas
Emperor of Russia. Over the door by whicl
Second Mo. 20, 1897
THE FRIEND.
243
he visitor enters the " Queen's Audience Chara-
jer," is au interesting wliole length portrait of
Mary, Queen of Scots, in a mourning habit,
With a crucifix in her right hand and a breviary
n tlie other. In tiie background is a rep-
•esentation of her execution at Fotheriugay,
inder which scene is a Latin inscription to the
'bllowing effect, The Queen, the daughter, con-
lort and mother of kings, was struck by tiie
ixe of the executioners, and after being cruelly
vounded by a first and second blow, at tlie
•bird her head was severed in the presence of
he officers of Queen Elizabeth. In the upper
corner of the picture is another thus given in
.■English, Mary, "Queen of Scotland, true Prin-
tess and legitimate heiress of England and Ire-
and, and mother of James, King of Great
Britain, who harassed by the heresy of her peo-
)le, and overpowered by rebelliou, came into
England in 1568, for the sake of sanctuary and
-elying on the word of her kinswoman, Queen
Elizabeth, is perfidiously detained captive for
iineteen years, and traduced by a thousand
•alumuies, is by the cruel sentence of the Eng-
ish Parliament, at the instigation of heresy,
landed over to execution ; and on the 18th of
?ebruary, 1587, is beheaded by the common
:xecutioner, in the forty-fifth year of her life
md reign."
The Castle was first built in the eleventh cen-
;ury, ami has been added to from time to time
)y the different kings. Victoria is not only
■^ueen of England, but also Princess of India,
jhe is eighty-one years of age, and has already
completed the sixtieth year of her reign. She
'las reigned longer than any other sovereign by
'wo years; George III having reigned for fifty-
'ight years. We were conducted through the
tables, where she has at her command almost
me hundred head of horses, all bob tails. In
i room adjoining the stables the walls are cov-
ered with elegant sets of harness, which almost
lazzles one's eyes to look at. Another room
s filled with carriages of all sizes and patterns,
vhile still another very large one, the floor of
vhich is covered with turf, is called the Schol-
xriura, where Princess Beatrice's children are
pow learning to ride.
(To be c
lued).
First Month 21st.— At a literary entertain-
nent recently held at Westport Ontario, vari-
lus opinions were given respecting the qualities
hat a true education should develop, among
vhieh was the following graphic description
,'iven by Minnie JI. Wright, a young woman
>f high educational attainments.
I will mention only two qualities that should
)e developed by a true education : — " Charity
md humility, and they embrace nearly every
jood and great quality — Charity toward all
nankind, and humility on our own part. Let
as look for a moment into each. Charity to
)thers, and what a train comes along with it —
inseltishness, sympathy, pity, love, forbearance,
nercy that is twice blessed, kindness to virtues
md faults, gentleness, a desire to uplift all who
ire around us, an ennobling quality indeed. Hu-
nility teaches us to see ourselves as God sees us,
n all our human weaknesses and shortcomings,
md need of Divine help, it is for all of us spir-
■tually and intellectually to sometimes stand on
he threshold of the bitter valley of humiliation
nto which a truly educated writer has said only
he wisest and bravest of men can descend, own-
Dg themselves forever as children gathering
lebbles upon an endless shore. E. R.
Ambitiox carries the torch of discord.
ATendickExikiiuatiu.vtmihi: ukai; Yui'-N(i
AND U.VESTABLISUED FuiKNDS TO SUPl'OKT
OUK AXCIEXT AND EsTABLiailED DoCTRINES
AND Practices.
Immediate revelation to each individual, in
their communion with God, those who in willing
submission yield obedience to his requirements
are brought to realize the fulfilment of his gra-
cious promise, " If ye continue in my word, then
are ye ray disciples indeed, and ye shall know
the Truth, and the Truth shall make you free."
It is here we receive what we ask for of Him,
because we keep his commandments, and do
those things that are pleasing in his sight, and
"hereby know we the Spirit of Truth, and the
spirit of error — the first tenders our hearts,
drawing them up to God ; the second leads into
a state of forgetfulness of God and of consid-
eration of our latter end. The message to the
church in Philadelphia appeals with great re-
sponsibility to you, "Behold, I have set before
thee an open door, and no man can shut it, for
thou hast a little strength."
In the measure of light, with which you are
enlightened, strength lieth,"That was the true
Light,whiehlighteth every man thatcometh into
the world," therefore "in that which convinceth
you of sin abide," therefore "repent and do the
"first works." What are the first works V "Stand
still," the true light gives sight, and sight brings
a godly sorrow for sin. He that believeth in the
Lord shall not make haste. True repentance
is comparable to the laying of a foundation to
a great building. It is of this tender visitation
and deep work the prophet Malachi speaks,
"Behold, I will send my messenger, and he
shall prepare the way before me." " The Spirit
that I will send shall convince the world of the
Son of righteousness and of judgment," and the
Lord whom ye seek shall suddenly come to his
temple, even the messenger of the covenant,
whom ye delight in. " Behold, He shall come,
saith the Lord of hosts," and then querieth,
" But who may abide the day of his coming,
and who shall stand when He appeareth ? For
He is like a refiner's fire, and like fuller's soap,
and He shall sit as a refiner and purifier of
silver." Then follows the thorough result of his
work, " and He shall purify the sons of Levi,
and purge them as gold and silver, that they
may offer unto the Lord an offering in righteous-
ness ; then shall the offering of Judah and Je-
rusalem be pleasant unto the Lord as in days
of old, and as in former years."
Then the prophet speaks of the continuation
of the work of sanctifi cation, and a true prepa-
ration to be made " pillars in the house of our
God, to go out no more." Here is the " patience
of saints," the true love "that eudureth all
things," and waiteth in patience to receive and
feel the eternal reality of " the things hoped
for," and another : " They will not follow be-
cause they know the voice of the true Shepherd ;"
always remembering as long as we are in the
flesh, we have an unwearied enemy that will
deceive the very elect if it is possible, yet with
every temptation. He (Christ), will make a way
for our escape, so that we shall be able to en-
dure it, so our love is seasoned with that fear
that keeps the eye single to God.
If there is any point in life that requires sober
consideration, it is the choice of a life of true god-
liness, because here we have the flesh, the world,
and the devil against us, contesting every step
in taking up our daily cross of self-denying. Our
practices, wherein we differ from the changeable
customs of the world in dress and address, have
for theirfoundation positive Scri[)ture command-
ments, " Be ye not confornied to this world, but
be ye transformed in the sjjirit of your own
mind, to know what is that good anil acceptable
will of God," and to let our yea be yea, and
our nay be nay. The devil and the world ap-
peal to the lusts of the flesh, the pride of life,
captivating the mind, blinding it, saying, " there
is nothing in those I'dtle thing.i." Mark the effect,
for it is truly great. The spiritual sensibility of
life is benumbed and enfeebled, so that the way
is often efleetually closed from making any
further progress. " Like as the foxes, the little
foxes that spoil the vine, ' for our vines have
tender grapes. Experience of age and depth in
the knowledge of Divine things in every gen-
eration has set its seal to the truth that our
doctrines and practices are the very laws and
commandments of God, and lead their humble
and obedient followers to the peaceful shores of
eternal rest.
Therefore, dear young and inexperienced
Friends, be not wiser than your Maker and
Lawgiver, before Him every knee shall bow
either in mercy or judgment, aud every tongue
confess, that Jesus is Lord, to the glory of God,
the Father.
Peter N. Dyer.
West Branch, Iowa.
The Engineer's Experience.
Travelling recently from Chicago to Kew
York, 1 found in the morning, upon crawling
out of my berth, that the train was standing
stock still. The porter told me it had been
standing thus for an hour and a half, while I
had been sleeping. I dressed and peeped out,
and saw that we were alongside the platform of
a country station. I took a good breakfast in
the (lining car, and then went out to stroll up
and down the platform.
In the cab sat the engineer alone, waiting.
Having a natural fondness for machinery I
stopped to admire the huge monster.
"The engineer seeing my admiration of his
machine, asked me to come into the cab. I
gladly accepted his invitation.
The engineer, a bright, pleasant faced man,
about forty years old, explained to me the uses
of the numerous valves and levers about him.
They were all as bright and shining as polish
could make them, for an engineer is as proud
of his engine as any housekeeper is of the neat-
ness of her dwelling. I glanced at the two
shining steam gauges with the clock between
them, and then I noticed what seemed to be an
ordinary white moth, mounted in a gilt frame,
hanging against the wall of the cab.
" Is that for an ornament?" I asked, pointing
at the moth.
The engineer smiled. " Well, partly for an
ornament," he said, " but a good deal more for
sentiment. I put that moth there because it
saved my life, and the lives of two hundred
and fifty people as well."
" How in the world could an insect save
human lives"? " I asked.
" Well, I will tell you if you want to hear
the story. I reckon there's time enough before
we are able to get out of this."
I settled myself in the absent stoker's seat
and prepared to listen.
" It wasn't such a long time back," said the
engineer, "only a year ago last spring. I was
running this very train, and this very engine
— old 449. My fireman, Jim Meade, the same
fellow as I have got now. You can see him
over there against the telegraph ofiice.
244
THE FRIEND.
Second Mo. iO, 181
We were timed to leave M about one
o'clock in the morning, and to arrive in S
about six o'clock. On the night when the thing
took place a fearful storm of wind and rain had
been raging since early evening, and was at the
height of its fury when I started from the en-
gine shed.
It was about midnight and the wind seemed
to sweep clear round and through the building.
It was terribly dismal. Jim was there, and the
engine was already, so after getting my work-
ing clothes on, I ran the engine down to the
station. Our train, the vestibule limited, was
an hour late. I gave the engine a thorough
oiling, and made sure that all was in order.
As we sat in the cab we could hear the storm
raging outside, while the rain, driven by the
gusts of wiod, beat fiercely against the windows.
Presently our train came iu long and heavy,
consisting mainly of sleepers.
By-and-by the little gong above my head
clanged sharply, and with a puff and hiss of
escaping steam we were oflf into the night and
storm, rattling over junctions, past signal lights,
and between long lines of carriages till, with a
roar and a rumble, we rushed over the long iron
bridge and away through the hills, waking their
slumbering echots with our shrill whistle.
The darkness grew more intense, if possible,
while the wind shrieked by. The rain became
more blinding, till nothing could be distin-
guished in the gray murk which enveloped us.
Suddenly through the mist and rain I saw
looming right in front of us the gigantic figure
of a woman wrapped in a long, black mantle,
which seemed to flutter in the wind. She waved
great spectral arms about in swift, twisting move-
ments. As I stood looking in horror, the figure
vanished with a final wave of the arms.
I was too much astonished and stupefied even
to make a movement of my hand toward the
throttle. At that moment Jim had been bend-
over the fire. As he looked up he exclaimed :
' Halloa, Frank. What's up? You look as
though you had seen a ghost.'
I did not answer. My mind was too full of
the strange figure I had perceived.
We were now nearing Rock Creek, where
there was a bridge over a deep stream. I felt
more nervous than ever. We dashed around
the curve and whizzed by Rock Creek station,
which is only a mile from the bridge. As we
passed I glanced at the steam gauge for an
instant. A cry from Jim caused me to turn
quickly toward him. He sat rigid, his eyes
large and starting. His jaw dropped, the very
picture of terror. He pointed with a shaking
finger out into the darkness. I turned and
looked, and then I began myself to shake.
There on the track was the same hideous figure
of a woman outlined on the background of
light from the engine, now motionless, i
whirling in a witch dance, but all the time
motioning us back.
' Frank,' gasped Jim, but scarcely above a
whisper, ' don't go over that bridge. Don't go
for heaven's sake! Don't go until you are sure
it's safe.'
I suppose I was pretty badly scared. At
any rate, I put on the brake for all I was worth.
I couldn't have resisted the impulse to slop the
train.
As we came to a stop I could hear the roar
of the water in Rock Creek just ahead. I
stepped out of the cab and met the conductor
coming up.
'What's the matter? What's the matter?'
he asked impatiently.
I felt decidedly foolish. There was no gigan-
tic woman to 'oe seen now. Nothing could be
made out more than a few feet away iu the
blinding storm.
' Well,' said I, ' we've seen something. I
don't know what it is— seemed liked it was a
great black ghost that was waving its arms,
and warning us not to go forward.'
The conductor looked at me curiously. 'Are
you crazy, Frank,' he said. " But we're so near
the bridge we'll take a look at it.'
We took our lanterns and went ahead, leav-
ing Jim with the engine; he looked frightened
to death. But I tell you, we hadn't gone five
rods before we stopped in horror.
There at our feet lay a black chasm, filled
with the roar of the river, as swollen with the
spring rains, it dashed down toward the lake.
The bridge was washed away.
Only a few splinters of wood and twisted iron
clung to the abutement ; while now far out over
the blackness, that awful figure of a woman
danced again on the thin air, relieved against
the shaft of light that the headlight threw.
It was flinging its arms about as if in wild
glee. The conductor stared at the chasm and
then at me.
'Was that the thing you saw when you
stopped the train ?' he asked.
' Yes.'
' Well, it's something more than luck that
saved us to-night, Frank.'
We went back slowly to the train, feeling
very queer and thankful too, I can assure you.
Several passengers had come running forward
by this time. Among them was a young man
from Chicago, about eighteen years old, who
was smarter than the whole of us, as it turned
out.
When he was told of the woman in black he
turned and looked at the locomotive headlight.
Then he ran up toward it. I looked up as
he did so, and 1 saw a peculiar spot on the
glass.
' There's your woman in black !' said the boy.
And there it was, sure enough — that same
moth miller that you see there in the frame.
He was clinging to the inside of the glass. As
I tapped on the glass the creature flew back
and lighted on the reflector.
That's the whole story, sir. The moth by
fluttering on the glass just in front of the illu-
minator, had produced a great black shadow
like that of a cloaked woman darting in front
of us, and when he flapped his wings in his vain
attempt to sail through the glass, he gave his
mysterious shadow the appearance of waving
the arms widely.
Then when he flew back out of the direct
shine of the light, the figure disappeared, of
course.
We never knew how he got in there.
Anyhow, he saved our lives by scaring us
with that woman in black.
So you see why I keep that moth in the frame.
It's to remind me of the way we were saved
that night. Yes, you may call it accidental,
but I called it providential." — Wordi of Cheer.
" Str.\N6ers of Rome." — The word " strang-
ers," applied only to those from Rome, refers
to those Jews who were expelled from Italy by
Tiberius, and who, though the edict was re-
voked, did not return. The Jews in Rome were
so numerous in the time of Augustus that eight
thousand of them supported an embassy from
Judea to the emperor. — H. B. Tristram, in S.
S. Times.
THE ARM CHAIR.
(Concluded from page 236.)
Of polislied manners and <•( graceful mien,
Lovely in life was Maey Morton seen ;
Each native talent sanctified by grace,
Was kept, obedient, in its proper place.
Not quick to offer, cantious siill to try.
As Gideon did his fleece, both wet and dry ;
Like leavtn working where no eye could view,
Her .spirit wrestled for the heavenly dew ;
She dug for water in a weary soil.
Till bubbling life-springs recompensed her toil.
As gently passed the Heeling breath away,
Retentive memory brought her youthful day,
And one fond look back on the past she flung.
While, " Oh, my mother !" trembled on her tongue;
Then the freed spirit passed, and beauteous lay
The rifled casket, lovely in decay !
Widows and orphans, ye may mourn indeed !
Who now shuU clothe you, who the hungry feed !
Yes! show your garments, tattered ones, and say,
These Sansom gave us in a wintry day.
From the bleak storm she clothed the shivering frami
When sickness pre.ssed, with healing cordials came,
When age went tottering with no hand to save,
She gave the crutch supporting to the grave !
No cold philosophy was her's, to dream
Of Bentham's theory, or Malthus's scheme.
As the heart prompted, the concurring band
Obeyed instinctively, each kind command.
When streams of sutfering ran beside her door.
The bitter waters lost their nauseous power;
The prophet's salt she in the current threw.
And soft and sweet the changing waters grew.
Careful her Master's bounty to bestow,
A faiihful stewardship of gifts to show ;
That she might hear that language at the close —
" To me ye did it, as ye did to those !"
A pillar of the church, erect and strong,
Swayed by no friendship to the church's wrong;
Unwaiped, unmoved, sound to the very core.
And rendered firmer by the weight be bore;
An honest watchman the alarm to soimd,
When foes were sowing lares within our ground,
Or rootless plants luxuriously would shoot,
In spreading branches, and produce no fruit ;
Was Evans. Oft the archers' bows were bent
To turn the veteran from his firm intent ;
Their malice moved not, and their threats were vain.
Fixed at his post determined to remain :
And when at last the final goal was won.
Death's message found liim with his armor on ;
No oilless lamp to trim, no loins to gird, '
Ready to enter at the bridegroom's word : '
Where his loved Hannah, earlier called away,
Was his forerunner to the realms of day.
So too our Sheppard,* when she heard the cry,
Her wings expanding sought her home on high ;
One thought upon a faithful sufferer cast,
Told her own hopes, then to her audit past.
Amid the terrors of that evil hour,
When infidelity put forth its power.
Though meek of manners and of gentle heart,
Jane Betti.e played a Christian soldier's part.
Though courteous, firm, unwavering, though kind,.
Pupil of Christ, he disciplined her mind.
Secluded long from active service here,
Yet bearing burdens in her proper sphere ;
In humble waiting she was faithful bound.
Until her fetters were in love unbound.
Her youthful Edward, bud of promise rare,
Was early called to bloom in regions fair ;
Another chord, strong though unseen, to move
The heart to seek a resting place above.
Allen, when all around was clothed in night.
Passed from earth's darkness to eternal light.
Oh, what a bUs^ed change to thee was given.
To sleep in Jesus and to wake in heaven ;
Leave thy worn vestments with their earthly stain,
A spotless robe of righteousness to gain !
Ye who my being gave — ye too have flown.
To join the ransomed round the eternal throne.
— The venerable Sire, as death drew near.
Saw the vale awful, but devoid of fear ;
He whom be loved was near him in that hour,
Death had no terrors, and the grave no power.
Before thee, Mother, rose a " brilliant path,"
* Catharine Sheppard, an elder of the Northern,
District Monthly Meeting, died the fifteenth of Twelfth
Month, 1842, aged eighty years.
Second Mo. 20, 1897
THE FRIEND.
245
V lliee Uiv Saviour ha'1 no looks of wratli.
)h, ye linil owned Him lutig, and, at the hist,
lis arm siifipurteJ as ye Jordan passed !
i'hns, one liy one. in quick sncoession go,
''hose who have labored in the chnrch below!
Ve dare not mnrraur as we kiss ihe rod,
'hoii art our helper, save thy church, O God I
'hine is the cause, thy frowns we dare not shun,
,n earth and heaven alike, thy will be done!
Cell me, my old Arm Chair, when thou wert young,
jVere Quaker parlors with gilt pictures hung?
:)id any Quaker to his image fall,
t household idol placed against the wall ?
Vh, well might honest Caiherine cry to pride,
Abomination!" as she turned aside.
-But times are altered ; splendid mansions glow,
ind gilded mirror.s humble Quakers show.
Vith Turkey carpets are their parlors spread,
A'hile silken curtains hang about their bed !
Vhat contradiction ! grave the dame and sire ;
iorgeous their dwelling — simple their attire !
:heir children moulding to the place they dwell,
in London fashions, Paris manners swell ;
IVhile parents scarcely wish to set them free,
|i'orwhat they won't restrain they love to see.
Vre there no worthies now to fill the place
l)f those victorious, who have run their race?
\re we deserted ? has all merit down ?
ind must the church in helpless anguish moan?
)h, no I the grace that made them what they were,
\ living remnant in due measure share;
Vnd haply ihey On whom their mantles fit,
day where the ancients sat, in judgment sit.
•"aith, give me power to see a brighter day,
(Vhen all these "letting things " shall pass away ;
iVhcn the convulsion, which has now begun,
ihall pause in silence, all its purpose done.
(Vhen the oppressors of the seed shall wear
The mask no longer, all their acts laid bare ;
iVhen chaff and cheat shall to the wind be doomed,
Vnd dross and stubble be by fire consumed ;
iVhen to the world the worldly part is given ;
iVheii the redeemed shall closer walk with heaven ;
iVhen to our Zion shall the weary come,
jike "doves to windows," pressing to their home.
)h, liaste the day, when through his power Divine,
The Father's light around his church shall shine!
iVIany there are whose prayers arise for this ;
Whose greatest joy would be in Zion's bliss;
Whose morning breathing and whose evening prayer,
jls that the Lord would place his glory there.
What though a worldly spirit has crept in,
That fain the kingdom through new ways would win ;
5corning the narrow path our fathers trod,
\nd circling rounri, would pass the cross and rod,
i'et they who look from Pisgah's height can see.
Such by-paths lead away from Calvary ;
While ihey who seek in empty forms for bliss,
Will grasp at shadows and the substance miss.
No, no ! As ancient Pesnock clearly saw.
Still with his people shall abide the law ;
Still shall the testimony here be fnund,
Still sons and daughters to the altar bnund.
The Lord himself his attributes shall take ;
Again shall order out of chaos break.
[Ihen shall the church in rapturous numbers sing,
And shout victorious as she owns her King ;
While those who seek to draw her from the way,
jThemselves shall lose in error's paths astray !
! The Methods of Quacks. — One of the
most amusing, and at the same time sad things,
is to see certificates ptiblished in religious papers
and others, signed by men certifying that they
have been cured of disease by a machine, or a
medicine, which is an infallible cure for the
maladies spoken of, when to our certain know-
ledge the signers of the said certificates subse-
quently died of the same disease. We iiave
noteil fifteen cases of as many different remedies,
which in corroboration of this statement we
should publish, were it not for the grief it would
give to the bereaved ; and were we to publish
them without the names the venders would deny
the facts. — Chrislian Advocate.
The Absurdity of War.
War is the hibt remnant of man's mode of
deciding disi)utes in the animal or savage state,
says E. L. Godkin in the "Century." As soon
as he started on the road to civilization he set
up Judges or Courts to settle controversies.
Before that, when two men differed about any-
thing, they tore or raultilated each other's bodies,
and it was tacitly agreed that the man who was
most multilated, if not killed, should give way.
But he abode by the decisions of Courts very
reluctantly. The hardest battle of the reformers
of the race was to get him to submit to the
Judges. He always preferred in his heart some
kinci of multilation of his adversary's body,
and in order to give a certain dignity to this
mode of settling quarrels, he got up the theory
that God presided over it, and alwaj's gave the
victory to the man that was right. In England
this notion lasted in the " trial by battle," or
" wager of battle," almost down to our own
time. It was held that the Deity was on the
side of the man who gave most cuts and stabs.
When the wager of battle as the settlement
of disputes of any kind became too absurd, the
turbulent classes were driven into starling the
duel. They felt that there must be some mode
reserved of getting at an adversary's body with
some weapon. So they established the rule
that all offences against what they called their
" honor" — that is, their sense of personal digni-
ty— must be avenged by cutting, stabbing, or
shooting, and that each man must decide when
his " honor" was injured, and when cutting,
stabbing, or shooting was necessary. This was
a very cunning arrangement; for if it were left
to other people to say when your " honor" was
injured, you might never, or very rarely, get a
chance to cut or stab or shoot at all, because
they might say j'our honor was not injured.
But there was even a better device than this;
for it was arranged that the man who you said
had injured your honor could not deny it or
apologize without disgrace. He was held bound,
no matter how trifling the injury, to give you a
chance to cut him or stab him. and to do his
best to cut or stab you. In what manner this
mended your honor was never explained. To
all outward appearance, after the theory of the
interest of the Deity in the matter had died
out, your honor remained after the fight exactly
what it was before the fight. The cutting and
stabbing had neither proved nor disproved any-
thing; it had simply gratified an animal in-
stinct of the primeval time. Duelling however,
has disappeared here and in England. It
flourishes still in the old barbarous, absurd
form, on the Continent.
Disputes between nations, for obvious reasons,
have not come as rapidly under human methods
of decision as disputes between individuals. Na-
tions have never agreed to have Judges and ar-
guments as individuals have. The result is that
their mode of deciding differences of opinion
has always remained the old animal one of do-
ing as much material injury as possible to the
other side; and there still lingers the belief
that God is on the side of the one which does
the most injury ; that He counts up the number
of killed and wounded, and decides that the
one which has most killed and wounded is in
the wrong. During war He is prayed to see
that the number of killed and wounded on the
other side be the larger, and after what is called
a " victory'' — that is, the killing and wounding
of a larger number of your enemies than they
have managed to kill and wound on your side
— people hurry to church and sing hymns of
th;inks. Thii belief is very .«trong still in our
day, and the enemy's dead are counted joyfully.
The human |)lau of deciding ditterences of opin-
ion by Judges, proofs, and argumentative per-
suasion, as distinguished from the aidmal or
feline plan of deciding by the tearing and rend-
ing of bodies, has in fact not made much pro-
gress, though it has begun to receive attention.
— Selected.
Whex People Catch Coi.u.— The "cold
spots," meaning thereby the surface areas pecu-
liarly susceptible to cold, are principally the
nape of the neck and the h>wer part of the back
of the head, the front of the abdomen, and the
shins. The acute discomfort and the sense of
impending disaster which result from the steady
play of a current of cold air upon the neck
from behind are well known. The necessity of
keeping the abrlomen warmly clad is also gen-
erally recognized, though perhaps not as gen-
erally carried into practice. Curiously enough,
few people are conscious of the danger they run
by exposing the usually inadequately protected
shins to currents of cold air. This is the usual
way in which colds are caught on omnibuses.
When driving one takes care to cover the legs
with a rug or waterproof, but on the more demo-
cratic conveyance rugs are not often available,
and the reckless passenger by and by awakens
to the fact that the iron has entered into his
soul — in other words, that he has " caught cold."
People who wear stockingiJ, such as Highlanders,
golfers, and cyclists, invariably take the pre-
caution of turning the thick woolen material
down over the shins, the better to protect them
against loss of heat, though, incidentally, the
artificial embellishment of the calves may not
be altogether foreign to the manoeuvre. This is
an instance of how all things work together for
good. It does not, of course, follow, because
certain areas are peculiarly stisceptible to cold,
that a chill may not be conveyed to the nervous
system from other points. Prolonged sitting on
a stone, or even on the damp grass, is well
known to be a fertile source of disease; and
wet. cold feet are also, with reason, credited with
paving the way to an early grave. — London
Medical Prem.
A St. Bernard Dog, which lives near Bos-
ton, proves a great comfort to a widow to whom
he does not belong. Dogs usually confine their
care to their own households, but this one, rec-
ognizing the unprotected state of the widow,
who lives alone, extends his services to her
house. She is afraid of tramps who pass her
house on the way to Boston. The farmer who
owns the dog, therefore, when he sees a suspici-
ous character coming up the road, says to his
dog:
"Jack, go over to Mrs. H's and sil on her
piazza till the tramp gets by."
Whereupon the dog runs over to H's, and
posts himself at the door, and if the tramp comes
up the walk steps forward and growls at him.
As the dog is a big one and rather forbidding,
though he has never been known to bite anyone,
the tramp, in ninety-nine cases out of a hundred,
remembers that it is getting late and that he
hasn't any time to fool away along the road.
When he is well out of sight the dog returns
home.
The dog carries his gallantry to the same
lady to such an extent that when she is visiting
his master's house of an evening, he always ac-
companies her home to the door of her house.
—y. v. Tribune.
246
THE FRIEND.
Second Mo. 20, 189
A Reminiscence.
The writer ba< uut seen a printed or histori-
cal account of the life work of either Clarkson
Sheppard or Joseph Scattergood, but has great
cause to remember their visit iu the love of the
Gospel to the churches and members of the
Society of Friends west of the Mississippi River,
being in company with them at the house of
the late S. W. Stanley, from whence they took
leave of those present, to go, I think, direct to
their eastern homes. The latter turned the
writer aside and proposed that we should enter
into a friendly correspondence, which gave rise
to a quick succession of thoughts on the part
of the writer, viz: to refuse such proffered kind-
ness would be indecorous, and it is not likely that
I can interest so great and good a man, but per-
chance some good may come to one whose life has
been spent on the frontier. The proposition was
accepted with, 1 think, the understanding that
he would inform of his arrival at home, etc.
It was not long till a pleasant note was received
giving that information with some remarks on
the isolated situation of the portion of Society
that they had visited in the west, and of his
thoughts of establishing a fund to be considered
as a nucleus that might be added to until
enough accumulated to establish a boarding-
school within the limits of Hickory Grove Quar-
terly Meeting, a branch of Ohio Yearly Mset-
ing, in the State of Iowa.
Owing to many and varied interruptions in
the domestic career of the writer, none of this
correspondence is now extant, leaving nothing
to guide ray pen in this sketch but memory.
The boarding-school has been in operation for
several years, but is not self supporting, nor
can it be, unless a more general interest is mani-
fested in its usefulness or object.
It is not far from the time of this visit that
the officials of the State of Iowa decided to build
a prison at the little city of Aiiamosa, Jones
County. Shortly afier the work began, wife and
1, being in that place for social purposes, in com-
pany with others, proposed visiting the new
begun prison, and were informed that a small
sum would be required of each adult with the
explanation thiit the object was to accumulate
funds to purchase books to establish a library
for the lienetit of the convicts, making it a pleas-
ant fund to aid in. Not long after this, in writ-
ing to my Friend, J. S., allusion was made to
this visit, and of their v/ish to form a library.
Pretty soon I received a note informing that
at date there was due at my address a package
of books fir the prison library. I called for
the books, but being informed that the express
charges west of Ciiicago were charged to me, I
thought it doubtful whether I could take the
books, but found my slender purse contained
the exact am nint. On reaching home, wife and
I be^an to feel the responsibility of the charge
we had as-sumed. Being familiar with the his-
tory of the Societj' of Friends, we thought of
many insiance.s of suffering and abuse that had
fillen to the lot of not a few for much less offi-
ciousness than what we were engaged in, viz:
offering to our State officials books advocating
the tenets of doctrine held by the once despised
Quakers, and we knew not but that in this case
it would incur great displeasure. At the close
of our following mid-week meeting I informed
Friends of the trust I had in care, prop ising
that if any one felt incline! to join me in it it
would be pleasant to have c impany, it was not
long till a Friend called and informed that he
and wife were inclined to join wife and I
going with the books. A time was set when
thev would call, our place being in route for them.
A pleasant ride of eight miles brought us to
the gate of the prison yard. It seemed in place
H- me to go forward. On informing the turn-
key that I had business with the warden, he in-
rmed me that that official was not in ; leading
to a brief explanation of my business. Oh, said
he, I presume the clerk can wait on you, bidding
his attendant to escort the gentleman to the
clerk's office. I followed with trembling steps
and faltering heart, but, oh, how changed were
y feelings on approaching that official as he
grasped my hand as that of an old acquaint-
ince, remarking that he took me to be a mem-
ber of the S )ciety of Friends and that he had
not met with any of our people in a long time,
adding, I have great respect for that Society,
ling to the query. Why so? Because, said
he. My parents were members. I was raised
in it, I was one of the first set of students ad-
tted in the Mt. Pleasant Boarding-school,
and in those days Jacob and Mary Ong, my
grand-parents, sat at the head of Ohio Yearly
Meeting. Oh, said I, that makes us almost re-
lations, for ray elder brother married thy first
cousin. The opening for social chat was so
wide I must needs excuse myself, telling my
friends were waiting out in the cold, adding that
through the kindnessof a Friend of Philadelphia
I had the privilege of offering them a parcel of
books for their library, adding that I knew not
how they might feel about receiving a parcel of
our books. Oh, said he, you could not suit me
better, and I am sure the warden will thank
you. At this juncture he bid his attendant to
bring in the books and the Friends, taking
cognizance of the books.
In his official capacity he showed us every-
thing of interest that they had completed, and
by use of drawings, what was intended, making
us as welcome as life-long friends; inviting us
to return at every convenience, laying his hand
on my shoulder, sayinsi. You remember that
any of your family or Friends are always wel-
come here on account of those books. But,
said I, it is ray Philadelphia friend deserves
thanks for the books. No, said he, it is you
that we know in that matter, and you must ac-
cept our thanks. You may thank your friend
all you please, saying at the rate we pay for
books, there were fifty dollars worth. Mention
was made of my paying express charges, and it
was refunded.
Shortly after this, being iu Cedar County, I
met with Elizabeth Williams, who, with her
husband, many years deceased, were the first
caretakers of the Mt. Pleasant Boarding-school,
of Ohio Yearly Meeting. Relating to her some-
thing of ray acquaintance at the prison, giving
the name of Louis Kinsie, as Secretary. She
started with emotions of interest and sympathy,
saying she knew him from his beginning in life's
voyage, that he received his education princi-
pally under the tuition of her husband, and she
remembered him well as a student in the Board-
ing-school, desiring me at the first opportunity
to remember her kindly to him. At hearing
the name of the dear old woman, his emotions
blazed, giving utterance to the ejaculations. Is
it possible that my old matron is still alive, I
supposed her in heaven long ago, for there is
where she belongs when she quits this world ;
desiring me if opportunity offered, to give his
respects to her. Thus it was my privilege to
exchange their friendly greetings, until the
death of Elizibeth Williams, in the autumn of
1881. Whether Louis Kinsie is in the body
or out of the body, I know not.
My acquaintance extended to the wardet
and several of the principal of police, whost
kindness was such that they, or the warden
informed me that at any time any of our min
isters might incline to hold religious servict
with the convicts, no preliminary arrangement;
would bs necessary, just use freedom and comt
to the chapel at their usual hour for collecting
and the announcement would be made that thi
service for the day would be left entirely witl
the Friends or the visitors. It has been th(
privilege of the writer to attend several meet
iugs thus held, that were without doubt highlj
favored seasons ; as in the case of the late El
wood Dean, and a woman and her husband tbi
comi^anion, from eastern Ohio, our committee
on the latter occasion may have reached the
number of twelve or fifteen. We were treatec
with much respect; we inclined to spend mucl
time in the prison, to be present at their dining
and afterward to see them iu their iudividua
cells. As we passed into that apartment ]
queried of the guard at the door, why he didn'i
escort us as I had noticed him do on other oc
casious. Because, said he, we know that youi
people will do our men no harm ; you are ai
full liberty to talk to them all you wish. A
messenger soon came to inform that No. —
wished to see me; as I approached heextendec
his hand through the iron bars, saying, as ]
received it in mine, O, Mr. D., you don't know
the good it does us to have you come in anc
talk to us, for we see that you have no pre-ar
ranged matter, what you say comes right fron
your heart, and it does us good. The chaplain
said he, comes in with a discourse written dowr
and reads it off' to us, but has no feeling of in
terest iu us at all ; he is an hireling. I coulc
but think had the guard been present, the pool
convict would not have felt that freedom. Mj
own words of cheer are not now at my com
mand, but his parting words were, May Goc
bless you ; come and see us often.
My present thought is the Society of Friend;
have much to be thankful for, and the work
owes much to the Society of Friends. I wisi
now to say that recently a destructive fire oc
curred in the State prison at Anamosa, Iowa
by which the entire library was destroyed. Whc
of my readers will respond, as did that worth}
man, Joseph Scattergood, and send a parcel o:
bjoks to the same address, Wm. R. Dewees
Springville, Linn County, Iowa, or direct tc
Warden Madden, Anamosa, Jones Co., Iowa.
Concerning Stories told to Children
— ^We cannot take too great care in our conver-
sation before children. I call to mind an inci-,
deut which will illustrate this truth. A fathei
told a story of a lie which, in very early child
hood, he told his mother. A little girl, six
years of age, heard the story, and a few days
after was found guilty of an untruth. On be
ing reproved, and the mother expressing both
grief and surprise, she said, " Papa told a lif
I when he was a little boy, and it was just as bac
for him as for me !"
The mother, remembering the story, explainec
that papa was but two and a half years old, wa
punished at the time, was sorry for his sin, anc
became thereafter a truthful boy and a good
true man. But both father and mother learner
a valuable lesson from this incident.
I doubt the wisdom of allowing boys to hem
the stories of the pranks of their fathers in their
college days. Reminiscences between collegt
friends in the absence of the young may bi,
harmless, but fathers, in the presence of thei
id Mo. 20, 1897
THE FRIEND.
24'
lildren, should pause long enough to decide
hether they are willing their sons do likewise.
Nor do we always remember that chihlreu are
kely to misunderstand or misinterpret what
ley hear. A gentleman told me this story of
is childhood, over seventy five years ago. A
lory was told before him of a boy who had
Dramitted some crime, aud it was observed that
J was a "Sunday-school scholar." To appre-
ate the story, we must remember that Sunday-
hools at that time were few and they were
holly unknown to the boy. His inference
^as that the crime was the natural result of ihe
)y's wickedness in the attendance of school on
|iat day. This was not the thought of the nar-
;itor of the story, who, believed in the good of
jnday-schools, and that the boy's sin was great-
• on account of his unusual advantage. In
jlling me the story, the person said, " It was
^rae time before, as a child, I could feel it was
uite right to have school on the Sabbath."
A minister, in a sermon, to young people, in
jlling, for their interest and benefit, the story
If his childhood and youth, no doubt to illus-
•ate the grace of God in the change wrought
ithin him, entered into particulars of his early
fe, — his smoking, sweaiing, and drinking. A
ither who was not a Christian, relates the
jUowing instance : his son, who heard the
;rmou, was found, soon after, smoking and
vearing. When asked for the reason, as he
ad never been known to do either, the boy
lid, "If I can learn to do these things when a
oy, perhaps, when I become a man, I can be
preacher like ," whom, by the way, the
,oy greatly admired.
It is not my intention to enlarge upon these
rue incidents, but leave them to speak for them-
ilves to others, as they have done to me. — Alice
Hamilton Rich, in S. S. Times.
The Treaty of Arbitration.
It has been a cause of sincere rejoicing, we
.elieve, among a large portion of our fellow-
itizens, that an agreement has been made be-
ween the representatives of Great Britain and
be United States providing for the establish-
aent of a tribunal for the peaceful settlement
f certain questions of dispute by arbitration,
hould such hereafter arise between these two
ountries, and which now only awaits the sane-
ion of the Senate of the United States, and the
'rivy Council of Great Britain to give it the
orce of law.
The widespread interest which this important
Qeasure has awakened in the United States is
liown by the close attention with which the
)roceedings of the Senate in regard to it areob-
erved from day to day, and by the editorial
ind other comments of the daily press.
The delay which has taken place in acting
ipon it by the Senate has awakened fears lest
Iiat body should not approve of it as originally
)repared. Evidence of these apprehensions is
.fforded in the large number of communications
vhich have been addressed to the Senate urging
ts prompt ratification. These have come not
inly from bodies of religious professors of (lif-
erent denominations and peace societies, but
rem associations of lawyers, of bankers and busi-
less men, boards of trade, citizens in various
)arts of the country in their individual capacity,
ind by the Legislatures of at least two States —
^linnesota and Massachusetts. It should be
nentioned also that a few memorials have been
eceived by the Senate remonstrating against its
atification.
The usual course upon the presentation of a
jiroposed treaty to the Senate is to refer it to its
standing Committee on Foreign Relations, by
which when it is satisfied to do so, it is reported
to the Senate either with or without amendments.
A final decision u|)ou it is reached by the Senate
in executive session, the proceedings of which
are not public. After the approval of a treaty
in this manner, should no alteration in it be
made, it is proclaimed by the President and be-
comes a part of the law of the land.
In the present instance the full text of the
treaty was soon obtained by the public pre?s,
and thus became known throughout both conn-
tries before the respective bodies gave it the
consideration required by their respective forms
of government.
In the promotion of a treaty which indicates
so great an advance in the cause of peace, it
could not but be expected that the Society of
Friends would be deeply interested, and also
concerned to use the influence which it might
possess in its favor, if way should open for it.
At a late special meeting of the Representative
body of Philadelphia Yearly Meeting an Essay
of a Memorial on the subject was adopted as fol-
lows, and directed to be submitted to the Senate.
A committee of three of its members was ap-
pointed to attend to its presentation :
To ihe Senate of the United States:— The Me-
morial of the Representatives of the Yearly
Meeting of the religious Society of Friends for
Pennsylvania, New Jersey and Delaware, re-
spectfully represents :
That they have observed with much satisfac-
tion that a treaty has been laid before the Senate
providing for the reference to arbitration of cer-
tain questions of dispute, should such hereafter
arise, between this country and Great Britain.
Within the past fifty years the method of
settling international differences by arbitration
has led to gratifying results in several cases in
which the United States has been one of the
parties in interest ; and an extension of this
method by the treaty now under consideration
appears to us eminently wise and proper.
The advantage of an established system under
which matters of dispute may be withdrawn
from irritating discussion and referred for ju-
dicial and peaceful settlement, as thus pro[!Osed.
must be apparent. We rejoice in the belief that
such a course commends itself to the Christian
sentiment of a large body of religious jirofessors
on both sides of the Atlantic, and if adopted
would strengthen the close ties which already
exist of a common language and lineage, and
commercial and friendly intercourse.
The substitution of arbitration for an appeal
to the sword we believe is in harmony witli the
spirit and teachings of our Lord Jesus Christ,
tlie Prince of Peace, and that so far as it is ac
cepted it will hasten the approach of that happy
period which we believe it is the Divine purpose
to bring about in the earth, as foretold in an-
cient prophecy, " When nation shall not lift up
the sword against nation, neither shall they
learn war any more."
We would express the hope that on the pres-
ent favorable occasion the Senate of the United
States will so act, as to be instrumental, under
the Divine blessing, in further establishing this
method of ending differences as a part of our
national system, by the speedy ratification of the
Treaty, without making such amendments to it
as will materially limit its application.
By direction and on behalf of a meeting of
the Representatives aforesaid, held the eighth of
Second Month, 1897.
George M. Comfort, Clerk.
It is understood that the Committee of our
Meeting for Sufferings took the above Memorial
to Wa.'-hington, and that the way ojieneil for a
personal interview of a satisfactory kind with
four of the Senators. What the final issue will
be, cannot at this time be told, l)Ut it may be
hoped that the Meeting for Sufferings will have
the satisfaction of feeling that they have done
what they could.
THE FRIEND.
SECOND MOXTH 20, 1897
Among the pleasant recollections of tlie days
spent at schocd is the lime occupied in studying
the Essays of Jonathan Dymoud on the Princi-
ples of Morality. The clearness of his style, and
the directness and force of his reasoning, made it
a book which has remained fresh in memory dur-
ing the many succeeding years. We are jtleased
therefore, to find that the Book Committee of
our Meeting for Sufferings has issued a new
edition of tliis valuable work, which is for sale
at Friends' Book Store, 304 Arch Street, Phila-
delphia. Price, 75 cents.
In the essays as left by their author, the
general princi))les of morality are applied to a
great variety of eases. Some of these are not so
applicable to American institutions and customs
as to those of England, and therefore their re-
tention in a volume especially designed for cir-
culation in this country would unnecessarily
swell its size. Bearing this in mind, the Com-
mittee who superintended its publication have
somewhat abridged the book by the omission of
some parts which could be left out without
weakening the force of the arguments or the
general value of the work.
We hope it may have a wide circulation, be-
lieving its thoughtful perusal will prove of great
advantage to many.
The Committee have prefixed a brief biogra-
phy of the author, which we propose reprinting
in The Friend.
We understand that the Report of the U. S.
Commissioner of Education gives extracts from
twenty-four books of Enslish history, touching
on the relations between England and the United
States, and that these do not inculcate a spirit
of antagonism towards this country. Although
circumstances have at limes brought the two
countries into collision, yet there are no two
nations that ought to be more closely united.
They speak the same language, are descended
from the same ancesiors, look with reverence on
the same noble examples of virtue and f-atriot-
ism ; and although both have cause to blush at
their treatment of weaker races, yet there are
probably no other nations that have shown a
more earnest desire to promote the welfare of
the world, as for example in the siippre.-sion of
slavery.
It is a remarkable circumstance that a com-
paratively small island sh.uld exercise such a
preponderating influence over a large part of
the world, and that it should reckon among its
subjects more millions of people than ever Cyrus
or Alexander governed.
A letter recently received from a Friend in
England speaks of the two boi'ks recentiv re-
published by our Meeting for Sufferings— Dy-
mond's Essays, and Memoirs of Stephen Grellet.
It mentions that the late Joseph Pease had
248
THE FRIEND.
Second Mo. 20,18S
Dymond's Essa_vs translated and published in
Spanish, and tliat the King of Spain was so fa-
vorably impressed with it, that he offered Joseph
Pease a title, which the latter declined. Of S.
Grellet he remarks, "I regard it as a very use-
ful book. 1 have given several copies of it to
persons who appreciate it much.
" When in Russia, three years ago, we were
luentioning the book as having been read by
the late Princess Alice to her mother, Queen
Victoria (who has always taken an interest in
Friends), to one of the ladies of honor to the
Empress (Alexandra). She at once said, ' I
know the book well. I have read it,' and she
accepted a copy to hand to one of the court
ladies who would value it."
SUM.MARY OF EVENTS.
United States. — Congress in joint session on the
lOlli instant witnes-ied tlie count of the Elertoral vote
for President and Vice President of the United States
for the term beginning Third Month 4th, 1897. The
votes of the several States were read in turn b_v the
letters and the result stated by Vice President S ev-
enson. who presiiled. It was that McKinley had re-
ceived 271 votes for President, and Bryan, 176 ; thiit
Hobarl had received 271 votes for Vice-President,
Sewall, 149, and Watson, 27.
The Mas^achusetts Legislative Committee on Con-
stitutional Air.endments has voted to report an amend-
ment to the Constitution striking out the word '' male,"
thus giving to women the full right of siifFrage.
The Police Department of Tannton, Mass., is trying
a novel e.x|ieriment to decrease drunkenness in that
place. The name of every person arrested and con-
victed of the ofi'ence in question is to be sent to each
licensed liquor dealer in the city, with a warning that
if liquor is soM to any one of them within six months
after the receipt of their names the person so doing
will be lialile to a fine.
The Iowa Supreme Court has decided that the Mulct
liquor law does not apply to cities under special char-
ters. This restores the prohibitory law in Daven-
port, Dubiiqne, Ceilar Rapids, Keokuk and several
smaller cities.
Newark, N. J., consumes more beer per capita than
any other .American city.
John G^ry Evans, who, until a few weeks ago was
Governor of .S..uth Carolina, is in New York snunding
! prai-i
ensary l;iw of his Stale, which.
he ■Itchire'i, has practically aholished driuikenness in
Siiuh Cari Una. (iovernor Evans also says that his
Stiite is as tiruily in favor of silver as before ele( tion,
but likes McKinley better than Cleveland. He be-
lieves Ibat the ne.xt Congress will do something lor a
more Qexible currency. South Carolina fiirmers have
learned economy, and now enjoy a notable degree of
priispeiity.
News of the diswvery of the richest copper deposit
ever fmind was brougfit to Spokane, Washington, last
week, by Paul Gaston, a well known mining man. He
shows samples of the ore taken from the ledge, which
was assayed as high as ninety percent, copper and $16
in gold. Gaston says the ledge from which the samples
were taken runs from twelve to forty feet in width,
and is well detinetl for several miles. It lies in an en-
tirely new mineral district, and is located on the
Canadian boumlary line north of Okanogan County,
Washingt"n. Tiie' ledge extends on bith sides of the
boundary line.
" The worst snow storm of the year," raged on the
lllh inst. in Western and Central Kansas.
Deaths in this city last week numliered .540, which
is 35 more than the previous week, and 48 more than
the correspouiling week of ISOl). Of the foregoing, 297
were rnale^ and 24:'. leiiiales: 121 die.l ol' pneuimuiia ;
44 of cnnsumpiinn ; :12 of he:irt disease: 21 ol o'd i.gc ;
20 of di|.htheria;l'.)..f iulh.ui ni.ui.u, of the blouiMcli
and bowels; 17 of cancer ; 17 of inllainmali ,n of the
brain; 10 of Hright's diseise; loot apoplexy; 14 of
inanition ; 13 of convulsions ; 12 fr.im casualties ; 10 of
10 of memi)
I croup.
jl/ari-.b, <ic.-U. .S. 2's. 9.51; 4's, reg., lll.| a 112;
coup..n, 111.1a 113J;new4's, 122j a 1221 ; o'.s, 113} a
113^ ; currency ti-s, 10:!', a 106}.
CoTToSJ. — Official quotation, l^c. per pound for
middling uplands
Feed.— Spot bran ranged from $12 2-1. to $12.7.5 per
ton f..r winter in bulk, and 512.00 a $12.-50 for spring
in sacks.
Flouk.— Winter super, $2. -55 a $2.80; do., extras,
$2.90 a $3.20; Pennsylvania roller, clear, $4.10 a $4.25;
do do straight, $4.25 a $4.40; Western winter, clear,
$4]io a $4.25; do., do., straight, $4.25 a $4.40; do.,
Jo., patent, $4.50 a $4.65 ; spring, clear, $3.50 a $3.75 ;
do., straight, $3.87 a $4.10 ; do., patent, $4.30 a $4.45 ;
do. favorite brands, higher. City mills, extra, $3.05
a $3.30; do., clear, $4.05 a $4.30; do., straight, $4.30
a $4.50 ; do., patent, $4.-55 a $4.80. Eye Flour.—
$2.75 per bbl. for choice Pennsylvania. Bockwheat
Floub.— $1.10 a $1.25 per 100 pounds, as to quality.
Grain.— No. 2 red wheat, 85-J a 86Jc.
No. 2 mi.ted corn, 2o| a 26c.
No. 2 white oats, 23i a 24c.
Beef Cattle.— Extra, 4^ a oc; good, 41 a 4|c.;
medium, 4} a 4ic.; common, 4 a 4Jc.
Sheep and Lambs.— Extra, 4J a 4 Jc; good, 4 a 4}c.;
medium, 3i a S^'c ; common, 2i a 3ic.; lambs, 4 a SJc
Hogs. — ^Best Western, 5} a ojc; other Western, 5 a
5}c.; State, 4? a 5c.
Foreign — The House of Commons has rejected a
bill providing for the closing of public houses on the
First day of the week.
Lord Dufferin is President of the committee in
charge of the celebration of the four hundredth an-
niversary of Cabot's discovery of North America,
which will be held this year at Bristol, Cabot's home
port.
In England about one in twenty-one of the popula-
tion have an account in a savings bank; in Wales,
one in forty; in Scotland, one in twelve; in Ireland,
one in one hundred. The average amount owing to
English depositors is£l lis. 4d.; to the Welsh, I8s.;
to the Scotch, £1 17s. 5d. ; and to the Irish, 7s. lOd.
It was one hundred years ago this luonlh that a
man was arrested in London for wearing a tall silk
hat, the first article of headgear of that kiud ever seen
in the world.
The town of Bida, the capital of the Foulah tribe,
has been captured by the British Niger Expedition.
No details of the battle have yet been received.
Several university professors, who signed a decla-
ration in favor of the striking dock laborers of Ham-
burg, are to be prosecuted by order of the German
Government.
The Cretan insurgents have bombarded Canea, the
Capital of the Island, and the Turks returned their
tire with sanguinary results. Greece has notitied the
Powers that ties of race and religion compel her to
intervene in behalf of the oppressed and outraged
Chrisiians in Crete. Preparations were made to land
men and munitions of war upon the shores of Crete.
The commanders of the British and other foreign war-
ships stationed there have informed Prince George,
commanding the Greek torpedo Houlla, that they have
received orders to prevent the occupation of the island
of Crete by Greece, and if nece.ssary to use force to
cany out their instructions. On the 15th inst. all the
foreign warships had formed a cordon around Cane:t,
ready for action; the French admiral in command.
It was thought probable that foreign occupation of
Crete will be decided upon by the Powers, which will
likely be limited to a considerable increase of the
gendarmerie on the island, with the cooperation of
the foreign fleets controlling the Cretan ports.
The Spanish Prime Minister stated last week that
the time had not ytt arrived for putting into eti'ect
the reforms in Cuba.
Prime Minister Canovas del Castillo has issued a
statement in which he says it will not be incompati-
ble to apply the reforms iu Cuba while General Wey-
ler is in command there, but he adds, the moment to
efi'ect the reforms has not arrived.
The London Times publishes a Madrid despatch
saying that the papers there announce that the Duke
of Tetuan, Minister of Foreign .•\f5iiir.s, has re.eivei'
from Diipoy de Lome, the Spanish Minister to th
United Slates, a telegram stating that President Cleve
land. Secretary of State OIney and all of the other
imbli- men of the United Slates regard the reft;
for Cuba recently ado|ited by the Spanish Government
as ample. .Minister de Lome, the despatch says, add-
ed 1 hat the Cu'ian question may be considered as dead
so far as the United States Congress and public opin-
ion are concerned. President-elect McKinley is also
believed to reganl the refoims favorably. The Times
despatch adds that the Government is reserved, but
that the foregoing is more or less correct.
On the 16th instant the Havana Official Gazdie pub
li-hed two decrees, the first of which provides for
making compulsory the circulation of script at par
with silver ; for the trial of depredators of paper
money upon charges of being iu league with the rebels,
I and for the sending of an order to the American Bank
Note Company of New York for the printing of fra<
tional currency, which order is to be immediatel-
executed. The second decree provides regulation
for the sale of lottery tickets.
The Cuban tobacco yield the past year has befr
75,000 bales, instead of 600,000 bales, the yield th
year before. The sugar crop has been reduced to onti
fourth of its former size, and will be smaller the com-
ing year.
Since the beginning of this century no less tha:t
fifty-two volcanic islands have risen out of the
Nineteen of that number have since disappeared ant
ten are now inhabited.
NOTICES.
Friends' Institute Lyceum. — The next raeetinf
will be held at 140 N. Sixteenth St., Sixth-day, Secom
Month 19th, 1897, at 8 p. M.
Westtown Boarding School. — A stated meetinji
of the Committee on Instruction will be held atFourtJ'
and Arch Streets, on Seventh-day, the 20ih of Secon
Mouth, at 10 A. M. George M. Comfort, Clerk.
Dymond's Essays on the Principles op M(^
RALITY. (Abridged Edition). — A reprint of this vali
uable work, in which several chapters and parts i
chapters have been omitted, to adapt it particularly
for use in this country, has lately been issued t
thority of the Meeting for SufTerings in this cityt
" ■ Friend'sBookStore, No. 304 Arch
and mav be had
Street, Phila. P
75 cents; if sent by mail, 88 centsi
Westtown Hoarding School. — Application
the admission of pupils to the school, and letters ii
regard to instruction and discipline should be adi
dressed to William F. Wickersham, Principal.
Payments on account of board and tuition, am
communications in regard to business should be for-i
warded to Edward G. Smedley, Superintendent.
Address, Westtown P. O., Chester Co., Pa.
Westtown Boarding School. — For conveniencn
of persons coming to Westtown School, the stage wiD*
meet trains leaving Philadelphia 7.17 and 8.46 A. M. ^
and 2.53 and 4.32 P. M. Other trains are met whet
requested. Stage fare on regular trips, fifteen cents
on special trips, twenty-five cents each way. To read
the school by telegraph, wire West Chester Phone So
Edward G. Smedley', Snp't.
AVestern Quarterly Meeting of Friends.—
The train leaving Broad Street Station, Philadelphia,,
at 7.17 A. M., on the nineteenth inst. will be met at;
West Grove to C(mvcy (free of charge) those desiring
to attend the Western Quarterly Meeting of Friends,
to be held at London Grove, Chester Co., Pa.
It would assist the Committee if those intending to
come could inform by postal in advance.
Trueman C. Moore, Uw„^,^^
Geo. R. Chambers, J
Died, at the house of her son-in-law, Charles Cope.
Winona, Ohio, First Month 28th, 1897, of pneumonia,
Anna M. Edgerton. widow of the late Joseph Ed-
gerton, in the eightieth year of her age; a member ol
New Garden Monthly Meeting of Friends. She was
through life strongly attached to the ancient princi-,
pies and practices of Friends, and mourned the de-
partures therefrom. She was enabled to feel the
strengthening support of the Divine arm through
peculiar trials, and for mouths before her death gave
evidence that her spirit was ripening for a more en-
during inheritance; and as the period of dissolntion
approached, her anxiety and concern increased to be
prepared for the solemn change, saying at one time,
' I crave to be washed and made clean from every de-
filement," at another, " I feel the love of God, which
passeth all underslanding." She passed quietly and
peacefully away, leaving to her relatives and Friends
the comforting belief that through the merits and mer-
cies of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ, she was
enabled to attain to that condition she so earnestly
longed f(U-, of being ready when the cry was made,
" Behcdd, the Bridegroom cometh, go ye out to meet
Him." L
, First Month 25th, 1897, Mary H. Holqate,
in the .seventy-sixth year of her age ; a member of the]
Monthly Meeting of "Friends of Philadelphia.
WILLIAM H. PILE'S SONS, PRINTERS,
No. 422 Walnut Street..
THE FRIEND.
A Religious and Literary Journal.
VOL. LXX.
SEVENTH-DAY, SPXOND MONTH L'7, isijy.
No. 32.
PUBLISHED WEEKLY.
Price, if paid in advance, ?2.00 per annum.
Edwin P. Sellew, Publisher,
No. 207 Walnut Place,
(Sjuthfrom Walnut Street, between Third and Fourth,;
PHILADELPHIA.
Arlielea designed /ot insertion to be addressed t
JOSEPH WALTON,
<r, Burlington Co., N. J.
■ at Philadelphia P. O.
)iary and Letters of Deborah Brooks Webb.
(Continued from paste 242.)
lS73.-Sisth Mo. 24th.— Monthly Meeting.
laid before Friends the impression I had had,
hat it was the will of ray Heavenly Father
hat a visit be offered to 8alem and Haddunfield
Quarterly Meetings, and they granted rue a
ininute. Oh, that I may be equipped with the
vhole armor of God.
In regard to this visit she writes to a Friend
inder date of Sixth Month 29th : " You will be
interested in what lies nearest my best life at
his time, viz: ray proposed visit in the service
)f Truth. Oh, that it may be to the honor and
)raise of the blessed, holy and eternal Name.
■3e has been very good to give me quiet trust in
Sim and many confirmations. Friends granted
IS all three* minutes, and we are to enter upon
he work next Third-day morning. I go in
rembling, but seek to hide under the shadow of
he wing of the Almighty. Oh, that I may see
he states of the people, and minister his Word
0 the strengthening of his children. . . I
iuow you will think of us, and please desire
;hat my spirit may draw all its supplies from
he alone true Fountain of Light."
Seventh Month 22nd, she again writes, "The
lear Master has indeed been good, supplying
ill my needs so far, and the quer)', ' Lacked ye
inything,' with the answer, ' Nothing, Lord,'
las often come to mind. Sometimes I feel so
loor, and as though I had done so poorly, and
;hen the kind words of unity from dear Friends
would cheer me on my way. I have not felt
like giving out, only after having to be very
plain, and thinking others could do it so much
aetter, I felt such an abhorrence of self, no
condemnation that I could see, but such an un-
profitable servant. We are to leave the result
to the Master."
Ninth Month 1.5th. — She gives some account
ofHaddonfield Quarterly Meeting. "It was fa-
vored, I think, with a solid exercise. Several
of the Committee were there — H. Wood, P.
W. Roberts, and others. In Select Meeting, P.
W. R. supplicated for the living, that they
might be strengthened and enabled to persevere,
referring to those that had been gathered. We
*Her companions being Edward and Sarah A. Richie,
missed .1. Snowdon very much and E. B. St(jkes
also. . . 'Cast not away your confidence,
which has great recompense of reward,' seemed
to be ray message to them, and it felt to me
the chariot wheels were only waiting to convey
other redeemed spirits over the border. Mary
Lippincott, a dear aged afflicted Friend was
there. She has wheels to her chair, and is
brought to meeting in that way, whenever the
weather is suitable. Her home is with her son-
in-law, and we took tea there, Phebe and Abby
also. She seemed so redeemed and just ready
to step into the good country. There was a
little silence before separating, and encourage-
ment offered. " After giving the exercises of a
number of Friends in the general Quarterly
Meeting the day following, she writes:
" Next thy poor friend thought a little was re-
quired of her, ' We have an altar, whereof they
have no right to eat who serve the tabernacle.'
God is the judge. He knows those upon the
altar of whose hearts the flame is kept burning,
whose spirits cry, 'Search me, oh, God, and
know my heart, try me, and know my thoughts,
and see if there be any wicked way in me, and
lead me in the way everlasting ; purge me with
hyssop, and I shall be clean,' etc. But some, it
is feared, have settled upon this; but feeling
that once experiencing the forgiveness of sins is
enough, they are safe now. But we have not so
learned Christ. Encouragement was given to
bear the cross daily, to sit alone and keep si-
lence, a putting of the mouth as in the dust,
being willing to appear as a f lol for Christ's
sake. Thus was a close testimony given m? to
bear. It is often sealed upon my spirit, that
this people are not willing sufficiently to de-
scend into humiliation, do not realize the words,
'This people have I formed for myself; they
shall show forth ray praise.' I think there is a
deepening with many; but if it was more gen-
eral, would not Zion arise and shake herself
from the dust and put on her beautiful gar-
ments."
In her diary, alluding to the closing up of
this visit, she writes. Tenth Month 3rd, 1873:
" This visit has been performed greatly to the
peace of my raind, and my spirit magnifies the
power of the Holy One of Israel for help granted
in many needful times. Without thee I ara so
poor, and with thee very rich. Jly endeared
friends, Edward and Sarah Richie accompanied
me, greatly to ray comfort and satisfaction.
There are many concerned Friends in all parts,
but more need of cross-bearing is apparent."
12th. — The sweetness and force of the words,
" The name of the Lord is a strong tower, the
righteous runneth into it and are safe," have
impressed my mind much this day. The Lord
is good to theru that put their trust in Him.
blessed forever be bis name, in that He enables
me to run into it this day as into a high tower,
where the waves of trial break harmlessly at
my feet. Oh, that all might taste and see that
the Lord is good, might seek Him in prosperity,
that He may be with them iu trouble.
Twelfth Month 7th. — My prayer is unto thee,
Oh, thou Almighty Helper of the weak, for
more strength, more power of endurance, more
faith in thee and thy love. Oh, Father, thou
hast supported me tliriugh many trials. Be
pleased to be near nie always, and also hear
thy wrestling children everywhere.
21st. — Feeling a constraining of love towards
Friends at Plymouth, we spent this day with
them, anil attended meeting. They seem a weak
company, but might be more lively if some of
them would be willing to come forward and fill
up their ranks in righteousness.
1874.— First Month 10th. — This morning
went to Frankford f)r the first time, and feel
that the Lord is good to remember mercy to
his poor handmaid. .J. S. E. had an appointed
meeting in the afternoon, which we attended,
afterwards visited S. D., who had just lost her
husband. W^e had sweet sympathy with and
for her.
During the forepart of the Monthly Meeting,
my spirit was wounded by the remembrance of
a remark, made some days before, by a person
who was with rae. I tried to turn again and
again from the thoughts, lest they would come
back, and nothing but a persdvering, " Get thee
behind me, Satan," could avail me anything.
A sheltering wing remained with me the re-
mainder of the day. It seems to me to be very
important for ministers to have feeling com-
panions with them.
In a letter dated First Month 21st, 1874, she
writes : "Thou knows Aaron and Hur were of
great service to Israel, by upholding the hands
of Moses, so, my dear, do not teel anxious about
much service, for the dear Master will show
unto thee all that He requires, be it much or
little, and thou kuowest too that the beauty of
that parable of the sheep and the goats is, that
those who had done the most service, and whom
the dear Master bail received and blest, to whom
that sweet welcome was addressed, ' Come, ye
blessed of my Father, inherit the kingdom pre-
pared for you from the foundation of the world,'
did not seem to realize that they had done any
good. So, my precious Friends, you do not
know, but the blessed Master knows, and all
that we have to do is to keep close to the Foun-
tain, and obedient to every little raanife.station.
The manifestation to my mind for Frankford
was very small indeed, but childlike obedience
seemed the impressed law, and the result clothed
my soul with thankfulness for his great mercies.
My might is little, but, oh, the desire that it
may be pure, is very strong."
In a letter dated First Month 28th, 1874, she
says : " The kind words of Friends often bring
encouragement, and cheer the pathway, but the
weaned soul finds it needful to return them to
the Treasury again, and to realize the truth,
' We are unprofitable servants; we have done
nothing but what was our duty to do.' "
In a letter to a friend of Second Month 23rd,
1874, she writes : " I can feel to embrace thee
in the arms of true sisterly love and affection.
How often I have wanted to find a sister in
whom I could confide, and whom I could trust
250
THE FRIEND.
second Mo. 27, 189;'
to remain steadfastly mine, through heights and
through depths. But perhaps it is not best for
us to have many earthly props, lest the heart's
affections should twine around them too closely,
and we should lean upon them instead of upon
the arm of Almighty power.
" Years ago, when the conflicts and exercises
for the ministry were much upon my spirit, I
used to think, ' If I had a sister like S. A. K. and
H. E., how I should enjoy going into meetings
with them, and sitting as under their wing,'
but I used to notice that the two Elizabeths al-
most never came in with them, but always
alone, just as I had to go, ' Alone with God.'
' I will allure her into the wilderness, and there
will I speak comfortably unto her; I will give
her the valley of Achor for a door of hope.' Is
it not true ? Do we not find it sn ; that the (lath
of regeneration and a being born again is a
tribulated path, not an easy going one of, ' only
believe, and all is well ?' But now, having fol-
lowed Him, our Lord and Master, unto Calvary,
we can at times taste the blesseduess of a rest in
Him. Oh, how the soul feels that it has got
hold of an anchor and a star — a sure refuge for
every emergency ; feels that its Divine Leader
has promised 'Never to leave nor forsake, and
having loved his own which are in the world.
He loveth them unto the end.' D. B."
(To be continued.)
the end. All the States had the lottery two
or three generations ago, and the last of them
has settled the matter finally only lately. Ne-
vada is full of mining camps, and the tag end
of the mining camp followers. It will get civil-
ized by and by. The State is horribly disgraced,
but we will not quite yet cut its star out of the
flag. Churches and schools take time to get in
their work ; but theirs is the only work that is
permanent— the saloon and the prize-ring have
no vitality in them. "The memory of the just
is blessed, but the name of the wicked shall
rot;" and their power is as sure to perish as
their na.me.— The Independent.
Nevada's Disgrace.
Nevada is a sovereign State of the American
Union. It sends to the United States Congress
two Senators, and is allowed there by its vote
to balance the vote of New York or Pennsyl-
vania or Georgia. Its population is less than
fifty thousand, just that of Saginaw, Michigan.
It cast ten thousand three hundred and sixteen
votes for President, of which eight thousand
three hundred and fifty seven were for Bryan.
It has the smallest population of any State in
the Union. It never ought to have been made
an independent State ; but it was believed, when
it was admitted, that it would rapidly increase
in population, because of its mineral wealth.
These anticipations have not been fulfilled ; it
has rather declined. The population in 1890
was seventeen thousand less tlian in 1880, and
it is not supposed to have increased since.
It is not disgraceful to be small ; a diamond
is small. It is not disgraceful to have voted
for Bryan. Many good people made that mis-
take. But what disgraces Nevada is that last
week it past a bill through its Legislature, in-
stantly signed by its Governor, making prize-
fighting a legal sport. This was done with the
particular purpose of bringing to Carson City
the fight between Corbett and Fitzsimmons,
which every other Stale in the Uninn rejects
with disgust. The Christian people of Nevada
— for there are such, not many — protested ; but
they were not heard. Louisiana, Florida, the
Dakotas refused to legalize the Lottery, and
refused great bribes; and all the Slates had
crowded the brutal prize-ring out of civilization,
and Texas and Mexico had refused to welcome
anything more brutal than the game-cocks and
bull-fights. So the tough-skinned Barneys and
Aarons appealed to the Legislature of Nevada,
got the backing of its " busine.ss men," that is
barkeepers, and held up the delusions of thous-
ands of desiraljle citizens attracted by the fight
who would remain to invest in silver mines and
scenery; and the Legislature and the Governor
took the glitter for gold, and enacted the law,
and the shame.
It will not last long. The gooc
ifjuers in
For "The Friend."
Having of late felt my mind drawn toward
the dear young people of our Society, I thought
perhaps what I have to say to them might be
communicated through the columns of The
Feiend. In the first place I desire that you
may choose good associates, even the associa-
tion of those whose lives are pure, and who
you know are living for something 'oetter and
nobler and higher than the pleasures and treas-
ures of earth. I can say from sad experience
that if you choose loose, evil associates, a
persist in it against the will of your parents, it
will bring sorrow upon yourselves and may
bring down your parents in sorrow to the grave.
Oh, dear young people, the first commandment
with promise is, "' Honor thy father and thy
mother, that thy days may be long in the land
which the Lord thy God giveth thee."
I remember when a boy, at one time of diso-
beying my father, my mother having been called
home prior to this, and oh, I wish I could make
you to understand and realize what I suffered
in thus disobeying him who I believe was en-
deavoring to train up his children in the nur-
ture and admonition of the Lord ; and I never
shall forget the suffering it caused him, neither
shall I ever forget the earnestness in which he
reprimanded me for so doing. Many were the
bitter tears of sorrow he shed, and many were
the tears of remorse I shed in thus grieving him.
Obey your parents in the Lord, for this is
right. In this fast age, it seems to me, there are
so many snares to draw away from the strait
and narrow path which leads to life eternal —
so much entertainment, some of which may be
innocent in themselves, but many which have a
tendency to draw the young and tender mind
away from the one thing needful, which is the
salvation of their souls.
I have been pained to see in so many of our
young people a tendency to depart from the sim-
plicity in dress and address, from what the So-
ciety of Friends have always believed was right
for them to observe. Am sorry some have gone
out into the world, and even surpass those who
have not known or mingled with Friends. Dear
young people, I advise you to stop and think
of that dear Saviour who was made willing
to suffer for us all, and meditate on the mar-
vellous love of our Heavenly Father in sending
his dear Son, that whosoever believeth on Him
should not perish, but have everlasting life.
Remember this same Son and Saviour wore a
seamless garment- — no pride, no gay attire, but
a meek and lowly Jesus, who tasted death for
every man ; and if we are his true followers, we
must in a measure be like Him. Remember,
dear young people, our blessed Saviour said to
his follower.*, "Marvel not, brethren, if the
world hate you ; for ye know that it hated me
before it hated you," and I am a firm believer
that we cannot i)lease Him and meet the world
half way, for we are told in the Scriptures o
Truth that if we love the world, the love of thi
Father is not in us; and I believe this not only
means the sin pleasing of earth, but it alsci
means the changeable fashions thereof and cusi
toms.
I have also been pained that so many
our dear young people are in the practice o
going to other places of worship very frequently
Now, I do not want to judge, but I have fearec
that some go because perhaps their inclinationi!
are to be entertained ; but, dear ones, can
believe that when we go to a place of worship
we go to be entertained ? I feel to say thai'
while I believe there are many Christians it
other societies, yet I believe that a pre-arrangec
programme of words, music and song, often has!
a tendency to draw away from pure spiritaaii
worship, it is more pleasing to the natural willl
of man, and I have heard it remarked that ouii
meetings are too quiet, even by younger mem<
bers, and that they are not interesting enough;
Ob, I exhort you to remember the commandii
" When thou prayest, enter into thy closet and!
shut the door (even the closet of the heart), and'
pray to thy Father who is in secret, and thy
Father who heareth in secret will reward thee
openly."
Dear ones, despise not silence, for it is in the
silent breathings of the soul to its Maker, and
communion with Him individually, that each
may have our strength renewed, and when it
pleases God to call instruments to speak vocally
to the people, they can only stir up the pure
mind by way of remembrance, they cannot save
our souls. This is an individual work. Oh, let .
us not depend on man as our leader, but follow
Christ, the Leader and Bishop of souls. We
must not only believe in Him as to the outward
sacrifice, but we must accept Him, even the last
Adam, which is a quickening spirit, let us mind
the Light which enlighteneth every man that
Cometh into the world, and which reproves for
sin, and which justifies us and gives peace when
we do well. This, I believe, is the rule of salva-
tion, and not the Bible. If the New Testament
Scriptures are the only rule of salvation, as some
claim, then how could Daniel, Noah, Job, Enoch,
and many others have been saved ? and if the
Bible is the word of God, as some that even call
themselves Friends claim (sad indeed to me), how
could the Bible take upon itself flesh, and dwell
amongst us? for it testifies that the Word was
made flesh and dwelt amongst us.
Dear young people, be not deceived, for one
may say, " Lo, here is Christ," and another, "Lo,
He is there," but behold, the kingdom of God is
within you ; may you not look to the " Lo, here's" •
and the " Lo, there's," but keep an eye single toi
the Captain of Salvation, who I believe will teach
you as never yet man yet taught. Oh, I desire
that you may not build' upon the sand, for if you
do, when the trials of life and tribulations come
upon you, and bereavements, and the enemy
tempts you, you will fall, but if you build upon
the Rock of Ages, Christ Jesus, He will enable
you, if faithful to Him, lo overcome the world,
the flesh and the devil, and will give you an
inheritance among those that are sanctified. I
believe the gate is just as strait and the way
just as narrow as ever it was, and that it is the
way of the cross, for " except a man deny him-
self and take up his daily cross, he cannot he
my disciple," saith the dear Master.
Wm. Test.
LbGeand, Iowa.
" Scolding never raised a crop of love."
ec.ml Mo. 27, 1897
THE FRIEND.
251
For "THE FRIEND."
The Convincement of Elizabeth Fry.
I A work recently published in England con-
iiins particulars of Elizabeth Fry's conviuce-
iient, some of which have probably never be-
ire met the public eye. As the statements are
rritten from the standpointof those who were not
1 sympathy with her course, but antagonized
i, they possess a peculiar interest. It may be
^marked that Elizabeth Fry's parents were of
;ie class commonly known as gay Quakers.
;)lizabeth's mother died when she was twelve
lears old, and the training of a large family of
•oung children devolved upon an elder sister,
■ ho was then but seventeen, and had but little
i' any sympathy with Friends. The father,
eyond insisting upon his children attending
I'riend's Meeting seems not to have taken much
iartiu their bringing up, and they were educated
!i all the indulgences and follies of a fashionable
ife.
: The editor thus describes Elizabeth at the
Ige of nineteen : " She had hitherto been the
iayest and brighest of the sisterhood. She was
,ie one who most enjoyed dancing, and who
jad always . . pleasure in the admiration
be excited. But her sister's journals record how
'ne day . . when she was in her twentieth
;ear the whole family went to the nieeting at
ifoats [this was the name of the street in Nor-
'ich where the meeting-house was located]. The
bven sisters sat in a row in front of the gallery.
Elizabeth had on a pair of new purple boots laced
nth scarlet. They were a perfect delight to
ler ; she intended to console herself with them
[jr the oppressive dulness she expected. Hilh-
|rto she had often been excused from "Goats,"
's her health was less strong than that of her sis-
i3rs, but her uncle Joseph, in whom the Quaker
pirit was stronger than in her father, had urged
hat she ought to make an effort to attend and
lad induced her father to insist upon it. So
aost unwillingly she had gone."
'■ At this meeting William Savery, from Phila-
lelphia, was present. What followed is told in
In extract from the diary of her sister Richenda,
hen sixteen years old, as follows :
I " He began to preach. His voice and manner
vere arresting, and we all liked the sound, but
Betsy's attentiim became fixed, and at last I saw
ler begin to weep, and she became a good deal
igitated. As soon as meeting was over, she
iiade her way to the men's side, and having
bund my father, she asked him if she might
line at . . our uncle Joseph's, where William
savery was staying. He consented, though
■ather surprised by the request. We others
vent home as usual, and for a wonder we wished
0 go again in the afternoon. As we returned
n the carriage Betsy sat in the middle, and
astonished us all by weeping most of the way
lome. The next morning William Savery came
0 breakfast, and preached afterward to our sis-
ter, prophesying a high and important calling
nto which she would be led."
. The editor proceeds, " From that day Betsy's
iove of pleasure and the world seemed gone.
She began to lead a life apart from the rest of
;he family, gradually but firmly withdrawing
herself more and more from its daily interests
and occupations. By the little Richenda, for
whom life still sparkled . . this change in
Betsy was bitterly felt. It kept her awake with
grief and annoyance."
Richenda further writes in her diary : "At
length I felt I ought to tell her open'ly what
my feelings were, and when we went to bed
together, 1 openly tolii her my mind, and how I
disliked the change which I saw was taking place
in lier, and I asked her what influenced her in
it. She told nie she felt it was her duty to be a
Quaker ; she was certain she was acting from
reason and not from enthusiasm, aud that she
had felt far happier since she had adopted the
principles of Quakers than she had ever done
before. She said she knew it was her path to
tread in. . . ' To some,' she said, ' drawing and
singing may be innocent and pure amusements ;
to lue they are not, therefore I give them up.' "
Her sister Catharine, who was five years her
senior, thus writes : " I have a clear picture of
Betsy's appearance at this time. It was pe-
culiarly lovely. Her fine flaxen hair combed
simply behind, and parted in front. Her white
gown plainly fitted her figure, which was beau-
tifully proportioned. I remember her sitting on
the window seat in what we then called the
blue room, with her feet up, in deep meditation.
But a change became daily more evi-
dent in her, and appeared more and more as a
reality, though at that time we could not in the
least understand it, and it was a very great
cross to me. I now see how much the expression
of our feeling must have added to her difficulty.
When she told me she could not dance with us
any more ( vvhich was at that time my greatest
delight), it was almost more than I could bear,
and I tried to argue with her, and begged and
persecuted her. But it was all in vain. The
firmness of her character was called into play,
and I never remember her to have been shaken
in one single point which she felt to be her
duty. The Bible became her study, visiting the
poor, especially the sick, her great object . .
To us (who were tried by many things in her
which were great crosses to us), she was now
always amiable and patient, forbearing and
humble. And in looking back upon the change
in her life and its great results, we may feel as-
sured that God was at work in her soul and
that she was at that time truly awakening to a
new life in Christ Jesus aud called to a most
important service."
And now came a great struggle when Satan
put forth his power once more to win her back
to the world. But she was victorious. The
editor tells us that after this Elizabeth took a
most remarkable step. "She begged that she
might be allowed to visit London and examine
for herself into all the fascinations and amuse-
ments of the world. And to London . . she
was sent. She ' tasted London,' as she called it,
had dancing lessons in the mornings, concerts
and parties in the afternoons, the theatres in
the evenings and balls at night. But the result
was that when she came home she was quite
decided as to the course she meant to follow.
The narrowest way of religion was chosen. . .
The pleasures of the world . . . renounced
forever. With Quaker principles she began to
adopt Quaker peculiarities . . . It is remem-
bered that she even refused to look at the pic-
ture which Opie was painting of her own father."
Thus we have seen in a brief period of the
life of this remarkable woman, the wonderful
awakening under a powerful Gospel ministry as
she sat in Norwich Meeting enjoying her purple
boots with red strings, her quick perception of
the heavenly call, the various stages of a gradual
conversion, as shown in her struggle through
the allurements which surrounded her, the final
temptation of her London experiences— and her
ultimate victory.
This paper would not be complete without ad-
ding that it is further stated that subsequently
when on a visit to one of her relations, she was
in cotnpany with Deborah Darby, who told her
that she would be " a light to the blind, speech
to the dund), and feet to the lame." And Eliza-
beth wrote in her journal, "Can it be? She
almost seems as if she thought I was to be a
minister of Chri.st. Can I ever be one?"
Let it be remembered that all that has been
mentioned here occurred before Elizabeth Fry
had coni])leted her twentieth year. G. V.
Clay Eaters.
A Washington Post correspondent, who was
attached to a corps of engineers, geologists and
naturalists who were making a tour of investi-
gation through the wilderness of the Smoky
mountain region of North Carolina several years
since, when near the watershed which drains
westward into the New River in West Virginia
and the head waters of the Big Sandy, was in-
formed by resident mountaineers that about
twenty miles away there was a neighborhood
in which every resident was said to be a clay
eater. Accompanied by Captain Denton, a
mountain guide, and a negro servant, he says,
we crossed the range through a narrow gap,
and descended after a ten-mile ride, upon a nar-
row creek, which subdivided a little valley be-
tween two parallel mountains. Here we struck
the first cabin in a strung out settlement of per-
haps forty or fifty families.
"Every pusson on this yer crik is a clay
eater," said the guide, as we approached a low-
roofed, rude log cabin, the door of which stood
wide open, facing the stream.
A tall, sallow, stoop-shouldered man of forty
or fifty stood near the door, from which, on our
approach, streamed nearly a dozen bare-headed,
bare footed children, ranging from two to eigh-
teen years of age. The man was clad in a
coarse hempen shirt and trousers. Like the
children, he was bare-headed and bare-footed.
Our guide spoke to the man, calling him by
name, Dinker, and abruptly introduced the
subject of our call.
" Dinker," said he, " they uns hev rid over,
the mount'n jes' to see sum uv you-uns eet clay.
They-uns sez they-uns don't b'leev we uns kin
eet it."
" You-uns 'lite an' kum rite in," said Dinker.
" Morg," turning to one of the large boys, " tek
off'n they-uns' saddl's an bridles an' turn they-
uns' bosses inter the pasture."
The boy took charge of the animals and led
them into a small patch of ground fenced in
with a brush fence.
We declined to enter the house, giving as an
excuse that it was much pleasanter under the
shade of a big tree which stood near the door.
At our request, Dinker sent one of his boys, a
sallow-faced, tow-headed lad of fifteen or sixteen,
after some of the clay which was said to be
edible. The guide and myself accompanied
him to the creek, where he stopped in front of
a layer or ledge of bluish gray clay several
inches in thickness The stuff; when taken in
hand and moistened, felt pliable, soft and oily
like putty, and bore much the same general
appearance. The boy carried a handful of the
clay to his father, who, after taking it, gave it
another wetting, then, rolling it into a ball, be-
gan manipulating it as a painter preparing
putty for use. He rolled it, pressed it out, and
manipulated it until the greasy, slippery mass
became soft, pliable and tenacious. Then he
separated it into pills or boluses, from the size
of a bullet to that of an ordinary marble, with
j two or three as large almost as a walnut. He
' gave the smaller children several of the small-
252
THE FRIEND.
Second Mo. 27,
est balls or pills, and the larger ones the bal-
ance, reserving to himself two of the balls of
clay.
The boys, girls and the man then put the
balls of clay in their nicuuh, when, by constant
chewing and the aid of the secretions, they soon
converted them into soft mucilaginous masses,
which, with no apparent difficulty, they swal-
lowed.
For fear that there might be some sleight-of
hand hocus-pocus about the affair I determined
to try the clay myself. I took a piece about
the size of a bullet and put it into my mouth.
In a short time, without chewing or manipu-
lating it at all, 1 found that the saliva had
completely dissolved the mass. There were no
gritty particles apparent, but, on the contrary,
the stuff left an oily feeling, but without sem-
blance of ta.ste.
I didn't swallow the stuf}', but could have
easily done so but for the repugnance I natural-
ly felt toward eating dirt.
After the clay had all been swallowed by the
man and children, I said :
"Does this stuff satisfy your hunger?"
"Sartin ; thet's why we-uns eet it. A feller
kin eet nutf to las' three or fob days, but this
yer bunch'll only last till to-morry."
"Doesn't the stuff make you sick? Doesn't
it affect you some way when you make what
you call a meal out of it ?"
'•Xever heerd uv nobody gettin' sick on it,
but thar's some es say it makes they-un weak."
A Poor Business.
It is a poor business that has to be apologized
for, or defended, by those who are engaged in
it. The business of an actor seems to be of this
sort. Some of its best representatives have con-
fessed to a sense of its uuworthiness, and others
of them have endeavored to defend it against
the accusations of their fellow-actors. Henry
Irving opens an article on his art, in a recent
number of "The Forum," with an attempt to
show that acting is not itself " degrading." He
speaks of '' the curious perversity which has
prompted some distinguished artists to decry
the art of acting," and cites in this line the ex-
amples of Macready and Fanny Kemble. Mac-
ready felt the degrading influence of his art
when he availed himself of his real grief over
the recent death of his daughter, to give force to
his simulating, before an audience, of a father's
grief over a dead child. And Fanny Kemble
found acting " repulsive" to her best nature,
" because it quenched the springs of natural
emotion." It would seera as if this testimony
from such actors was entitled to respect; but
the strange thing about it is, that Henry Irving
cannot see why this imitation of real feeling on
a stage should be any more debasing in its ef-
fect on the actor than the analysis and formal
representation of such feelings by a novelist or
a poet in his writings. The poet or the novelist
de,scribes the feelings which he would exhibit
in his characters. He tells by his pen how those
characters feel. But the actor simulates in his
own person the feelings of love or of lust, of
anger or of hatred, of ennobling or debasing
sentiments; and in so doing he degrades
best nature, and lessons his responsive power to
the influence of noble sentiments brought to
bear upon him in the actual experiences of life
The dramatist exercises his personality in the
creation of a character; but the actor gives his
personality to the mere imitation of a character
created by the dramatist. — S. S. Times.
The Divine Superintendence.
The Divine superintendence of the workings
of the universe and of the affairs of men is an
important article of Christian belief Nobody
who believes in prayer doubts it. God, we say,
is in the events of "history, in the work of his
Church, and is not unmindful of the doings of
the wicked. But it is one thing to have a gen-
eral article of belief, it is another to realize the
truth of it.
Practically, most men limit the Divine super-
intendence to certain fields of operation. They
see God's power in the universe and the evi-
dence of his laws in nature ; they believe he
gives close attention to things embraced in the
religious sphere, and they love to think that
the conduct of every individual is a matter of
concern to Him. But there are many things of
value and interest to them with which they in
no wise associate Him. They are little things,
too little for the Almighty to care about. For
example, there are a multitude of personal acts
assumed to be morally colorless. The question
of right or wrong does not enter into them.
The infinite Father, absorbed with greater con-
cerns, makes no note of them.
Is this really so ? Not if the words of Christ
mean anything. The hairs of your head are all
numbered. There is nothing that concerns you
which escapes the Divine attention. He who
numbers the hairs of the head knoweth also
the thoughts of the heart. If nothing, even so
insignificant a thing as the hair of the head or
a thought of the heart, is unknown to Him, of
course nothing is unobserved by Him. The
Divine superintendence is not confined to great
things, such as flying worlds, the fate of nations,
the work of the Church, the spread of intelli-
gence, the deepening of conscience, the improve-
ment of a people's morals. It is all-comprehen-
sive. If not even a sparrow falls without Divine
observation, or a sheep is lost without awaken-
ing Divine concern, surely human thoughts and
actions, human joys and sufferings, little though
they may be, claim Divine consideration ; for a
man is of much more value than many sparrows
or many sheep.
The thought that One whose eye never slum-
bers, whose hand never rests, is in vigilant su-
perintendence over every individual life, may
he pleasant or distressful, according to our re-
lations to Him. While his mercies come to all,
his promises are to them who love and obey
Him. It is to those who have been conformed
to his likeness, that the reality of his constant
superintendence is most precious. The Lord is
mindful of his ov;n. His own are precious to
Him. He knows their down-sitting and their
uprising, understands their thought afar
and is acquainted with all their ways. No act
or thought or experience is too little to escape
Him.
It follows that life is larger and more com-
prehensive and more important than many have
supposed. My Father cares about everything
that I care about. The thoughts and acts which
seera too little to concern Him are not unim-
portant to me, and therefore not unimportant
to Him. They go to make or mar a character,
and that is of supreme concern. When those
great lenses which give modern telescopes such
wondrous power are nearly completed all polish-
ing tools are laid aside, and they are brought to
their delicate perfection by touches of the thumb
dipped in the finest of rouge. The lines of flinty
glass are changed by so light a thing as the fin-
ger-tip. Character is perfected by little touches.
And it is a beautiful thought that the Infinite
Being who made the worlds and holds them in
his mighty 1 and superintends with wcjndroii;
patience and surpassing gentleness every pro-
cess in shaping and perfecting the character.
Does this truth make life seem greater and
more difficult and more responsible? If so it
also enlarges the compass of prayer and make;
the Divine fellowship more real and helpful.—
The Independent.
A Flight Across the Sea.
(Concluded from page 243.)
From the Castle grounds we wended our waj
to Windsor Church the royal church of Eng
land, where the Queen attends. Her seat was
soon discernible among the others, being cov
ered with the coat-of-arms. I was glad to aval
myself of the opportunity to rest myself in it foi
a few minntes, and, while sitting there, tried t(
imagine how I should feel if I was Queen. 1
had not long, however, to meditate on such re
flections as these, for the shades of evening werf
fast gathering around, warning us it was timf
to seek our train, back again into the big, fogg)
city of London. If the city seems like a thor
oughfare by day, it certainly seems doubly .?(
at night, with the 'busses, hansoms and all sort;
of vehicles running in every direction, while, oi
the pavements, their is a regular procession o:
people. One day, soon after I got there, 1
stepped into a bank and asked the clerk if h(
would please exchange a sum of money for me
" We cannot do that here," he said. " You wil
have to go to one of the banks in the city t(
have that done." "In the city," I said, "]
thought I ivas in the city." " Oil, no," he said
" you are merely on the outskirts." Anothei
day was spent at Westminster Abbey. Althougl
the building has stood there, braving the storm;
of more than eight centuries, it really looks a;
though it might still remain there for centurie;
to come. Soon after entering the buildiug, J
was surpri-sed to find, placed near the entrance
the bust of our American poet, Longfellow
Underneath w'as this inscription, " This bus
was placed amongst the memorials of the poet;
of England by the English admirers of ai;
American poet, 1884." On the floor of tb(
abbey was inscribed, " Near this stone lie buriec
the remains of Alfred Lord Tennvson. Borr
August 6th, 1809. Died October" 6th, 1892.'
Alongside of him was Robert Browning. Neai
by were busts of Milton, Goldsmith, Campbell
Charles Dickens, Shakespeare, Robert Southej
and Robert Burns. A small room adjoining
these statues was called " The Chapel of Faith,' 1
where all who enter are requested to keep silent
On the floor in another part of the abbey wa;
this inscription, "Brought by faithful baud;
over land and sea, here lies the remains of Da-
vid Livingston, Missionary, Traveller, Philan
thropist," etc. As we stood there within thf
walls of that mighty sepulchre, gazing in won-
der and admiration at the cold, silent faces oi
those long since departed, what a crowd of recol
lections come surging through your mind. Gene
rations will come and go, monuments will crura
ble into dust, but they have left behind their
names, which will remain fresh throughout ages
of futurity. . . . Concerning th(
India exhibition at Earl's Court, London, per
haps a short sketch would be of interest. Then
were exhibits from Ceylon, Burmah and othei
Eastern dependencies. Beautiful tapestries ol
various designs, linens, embroidery, jewelry
unique and inexpensive, and statuary. Th(
so-called " Queen's Palace," erected there, oi
beautiful architectural design, covers an areao
11(1 Mo. 27, 1897
THE FRIEND.
253
ilirtytwo thousand srjuare feet. There also is
}ie Empress Theatre, said to be the largest of
oy building in England. In the latter there
re entertainments given, every afternoon and
t'ening, by a Hungarian named ImreKiraify,
|ho has represented some of the scenery of that
buntry, and hundreds of men and women
yessed in their native costumes. There are
usts of Dr. Jenner, discoverer of vaccination,
ho died in 1823, and James AVatts, improver
^steam-engine, and George Stevenson, engineer,
ho died in 1848 Here, also, was to be seen
fe-like groups of West African negroes (Delta
'the Niger) ; opium-eaters of Java ; bushman
;id family, a race represented by Africans;
^so groups of Zulus, of South Africa. Last, but
lot least, was the great Ferris wheel. It was
uilt in London, and has an altitude of three
iundred feet. The axle is seven feetiu diameter,
here are eight columns, one hundred and fifty
:et high ; forty cars, twenty-four feet long, nine
fet wide and ten feet high and accommodating
ivelve hundred persons. About two months
revious to my visit there, something went wrong
ith the machinery, and there were several
:iindred people compelled to remain suspended
a mid-air all night, but, in compensation, each
ne was presented with the sum of five pounds.
I felt particularly anxious to obtain a view over
[le city, so decided that this was my opportu-
Ity, but will candidly admit I could not refrain
i'om breathing a sigh of relief when I set my
;et on terra firma again. "Earl's Court" is
cached by the underground railway, of which
le least said the better. One evening, while
iiere, I attended the services at St. Paul's Ca-
(ledral, which ranks second only, in size and
!»e, to being the largest and oldest cathedral in
le world. The one at Cologne, in Germany,
the oldest. The parks throughout Enaland are
ir inferior to our American ones. The prin-
iipal one in the city is Hyde Park, and is quite
fashionable resort. One custom over there,
atirely different from the American custom, is
) ask one for a penny for any little privilege
!iey may stand in need of. At the railway sta-
ons you do not see cans of ice-water for the
Ecommodation of the public. When you wa.nt
'drink, you must ask, and pay a penny for it.
Vheu you want to wash your hands, you must
;ay a penny for the privilege. One day, while
1 Hyde Park, I happened to sit down on a seal
J rest. Directly opposite to me was Rotten
iow, one of the most toney streets in London.
V^hile sitting there, and wondering why they
nould give this handsome street such a homely
ame, I was surprised to see a man dressed in
'oiform step up in front of me, and say, "A
,enuy, please !" I said, " What for?" " Why,
)r sitting down on that seat," he said. I will
rait my repl}'. Within walking distance of
lyde Park are Buckingham Palace and Marl-
oro Head. The former is where the Queen
asides while in the city, and the latter where
he Prince and Princess of Wales, England's
uture king and queen, reside. Among the other
laces of interest visited were Kensington Mu-
3um, London Bridge, with the Tower of Lon-
on near by, where can be seen the block
'hereon Lady Jane Grey was beheaded, dun-
.eoDS where kings were confined, and various
Iher sombre reminiscences of past dark ages,
lere, also, can be seen the crown jewels. As all
arthly pleasures fade away, so, all too soon, the
ate came for my departure. Again I find my-
elf at the docks in Liverpool, among a hetero-
:enous collection of men, women and children,
ach and all awaiting their turn to be taken, on
a tender, to meet the Pennland, which is await-
ing us out on the Mersey Iviver. It is pouring
rain, and the picture is gloomy in the extreme.
First comes the steerage passengers— and such
a lot of them. One might naturally wonder
where they would stow them all. Next comes
the cabin passengers, and, after all, the baggage.
Time after time the tender returns with the
latter, but finally she has left us to return no
more, and steerage, cabin passengers and bag-
gage are all stowed away in some part of the
ship. It is two p. M. We take one last, lin-
gering look at the shores and merry skies of
England, and we are soon on our way down the
Channel. At the same hour the next day a
halt opposite Queenstown is made. A lender
comes out to meet us. We take on a few pas-
sengers, and send back by them our mail, which
goes on a fast line to New York. A few of the
Irish peasantry came on board with articles to
tell, such as silk shawls, lace collars, canes, etc.
After disposing of quite a number among the
cabin passengers on the upper deck, they slid
down a heavy coil of rope into a small row-boat
awaiting them from below, and were soon head-
ing for the shore. Gradually the Irish coast
recedes from view, the myriads of sea-gulls have
disappeared, and we, too, are heading for the
shore. Our return voyage was similar, in many
respects, to the out-going one. We encountered
the same heavy fog as we did then, many times
coming close up to the sides of the ship. At
such times of danger, especially while out in
mid-ocean, one is made to feel and realize their
utter dependence on the goodness and mercy of
an all-wise and ruling Providence. Whenever
anything goes wrong with the machinery, it is
never worth while to question the officers con-
cerning it, for they will give you but little sat-
isfaction. One night, between the hours often
and eleven, when most of the passengers were
cleverly settled in their berths, the vessel slowed
up, and finally stopped. Of course, some of the
men passengers (who seem lo be by nature more
nervous and easily excited than women) hur-
ried up on deck to try and ascertain, if possible,
the cause of the delay. The only satisfaction
they could get was, they had broken a shovel.
In about fifteen minutes, however, we were mov-
ing on. Once again, when the vessel stopped
for a short time, we did not think it worth while
to ask any questions, but tried to console our-
selves in the belief that, perhaps, they had simply
broken another shovel. But now we are fast
nearing the end of our journey. It is nearly
noon, and again we are in the midst of a dense
fog. But hark I In the distance we hear the
sound of a gun. Loudly the captain responds
with his whistle. Again and again it is repeated,
and gladly we hail that sound, for it is our pi-
lot, coming out in the ocean to meet us. At last
there emerges through the fog a sailing vessel.
Nov/ it is close beside the ship, and in almost
less time than it takes to write it, he is standing
beside the captain, on the bridge. And now, in
conclusion, let me say, although Englaml can
proudly boast of her lordly castles, her ancient
cathedrals and her magnificent palaces, yet it
seemed to me I had never witnessed a grander,
fairer scene than on the morrow, when we came
in view of the shores of our own United States
of America. C.
When we are much engaged in our Master's
work, it seems to me next to impossible that we
should escape some little spots and stains, though
we may be ever so careful of our clothing, and
wrap it ever so closely about us, it will get a
little soiled by being used every day, I am sure
mine does so, and if I should hinder my Master
from stripping it off, and washing both them
and me, I should ere now have made but a
very mean appearance in tlie sight of Him who
sees through every false covering ; for He be-
holds no beauty nor comeline.ss in anything
that is not derived from himself, who is the only
unmixed fountain of light and purity. — Mary
PeUley.
I'or "THE Friend."
LORENZO'S DEFEAT.
Tlie air w:i.s full of friigrance
From the Ijlo^-omiii;; of vpriii!.'.
Yet llum, oil, learned and niiglity.
ing:
Hast need of one more ll:
Witliont that priceless jewel.
Life, with its gfiod and ill.
Is lost and nndone forever —
O, fainting heart, be still !
The monk stood bv that deatli bed,
In Florence sweet and fair.
To bring such consolation
As might be wanting there.
'There be three thing?, mv father.
That Hill not let me rest.
And I know not if viod ever
Will forgive for those oppressed."
Then the Padra said, " God's mercy
Covers the judgment seat ;
Have faith that He can save thee,
Do works for repentance meet,
Restore that thou hast taken.
Bring back the scattered sheep.
Give this fair city freedom.
And He will grant thee sleep."
Lorenzo, " the Magnificent,"
Joined to his idols fast.
Turned his face to the wall
And that day was his last.
Stript in the midst of plenty,
In manhood's strength laid low;
Uncrowned and nnforgiven I
We reap the things we sow !
Lorenzo, " the Victorious,''
A victor now no more ;
The sacked and pillaged cities.
The orphan's gold in store —
When siuh sad ihoiights disturb thee
Met by the Judgment blast ;
Uncrowned and unforgiven,
Thfiu hast met defeat at last !
For "The Fkiesd."
The Oak Family.
At the usual monthly meeting of the Moores-
town Natural History Society, held on the ninth
of Second Month, the 0.iks formed the subject
of investigation. One of the women Friends
had undertaken to illustrate the forms of the
leaves, and she had evidently entered into her
subject with much energy and enthusiasm, hav-
ing prepared 20 sheets, on which were mounted
numerous specimens of as many species of oaks.
About one-half of these belonged to the White
Oak group, and about the same number to the
Black and Red Oaks and their near allies. The
leaves of most of these Oaks are more or less
lobed, and in the second group these lobes ter-
minate in a fine bristle, the elongation of one of
the ribs of the leaf The bristle is not present
in the first or White Oak group. The leaves
vary considerably in outline in the same species,
especially in the Spanish Oak (Quercus falcala),
of which one hundred and fifty forms have been
collected from the same tree ; and perhaps half
that number were exhibited to us in the even-
ing. The groups of leaves were not only in-
structive and interesting, but graceful and pretty.
The largest and most valuable of the oaks "is
the White Oak ( Qmrem alba), which attains its
251
THE FRIEND.
Second Mo. 27, 189:
largest size in Southern New Jersey, and on
similar geological formations farther South, in
Maryland and Virginia. Our well-informed
friend, Benjamin Heritage, of Mickleton, N. J.,
described one growing on the farm of the late
Joseph Tatura, below Woodbury, which meas-
ured thirty-three feet in girth, near the ground.
There is also a very fine specimen in the grave-
yard, at Salem, N. J. The wood is strong and
tough, and much used in the mechanic arts,
and in ship building.
B. Heritage had brought with him a segment
of white oak from a noted tree in his part of the
State. It had formed one of the monuments of
an old property line, and had itself been a
common corner tree for four farms, but as they
had fallen into the hands of a common owner,
who had no botanical enthusiasm, he had turned
this valuable specimen into fire-wood. The speci-
men which Benjamin had rescued from the
flames was about one foot in length, and con-
tained two hundred and seventy-four rings of
annual growth. As it probably did not reach
more than half wjy from the bark to the cen-
tral pith, it is fair to estimate that the tree was
five hundred years old.
There are "oaks in England whose history
reaches back one thousand )'ears, but even these
ancients are young when compared with some
of the giant sequoias of California, which are
believed to be three thousand years old, and to
have been among the oldest specimens in the
forests when the Christian era commenced. If
these trees are destroyed, there is no probability
that the human eye will ever again see such
magnificent vegetable productions. It is well
therefore that the Government has taken meas-
ures to protect them.
Some doubts have been expressed as to whether
the number of rings of growth accurately mesis-
ure the age of a tree. But one item of Benja-
min's e.xperience seems to reitiove this uncer-
tainty. When young his father cut down a
piece of woodland on his farm, in which Benja-
min assisted. Thirty-six years after, it was de-
termined to again cut the timber which had
grown, and B. H. took advantage of the op-
portunity to count the rings on many of the
stumps that were left, and he found them all to
indicate thirty-six years of growth.
On his oak segment, he had driven in pins at
different places, one indicating the outside of
the tree at the lime of the Declaration of Inde-
pendence, another the founding of Philadelphia,
and a third the birth of George Fox. In the
same manner a section of Sequoia might be made
to register all the most important events of his-
tory for the last three thousand years.
The acorns that were exhibited were also in-
teresting, varying in size from those of the
Overcup Oak {Qaercus macrocarpa), two inches
or more in diameter, down to those of the Wil-
low O.ik (Quercui phellns). not much larger
than a large pea.
When the leaf exhibition had been displayed
and sufficiently admired, one of the men Friends
gave us a disquisition on oaks of a uiore general
character, embodying a consideralde amount of
general information. Then a thiid person pro-
duced sections of ten or eleven species, to show
the character of the wood and bark.
The whole entertainment was one of excep-
tional interest and was much enjoyed by the
large number of persons in attendance. This
was largely due to the thorough manner in
which tho-je who had agreed to prepare the ex-
hibition had performed their duties.
J. W.
For "The Friend."
Letter from Germany.
EosDORFERWEG, First Month 21st, ''J7.
My Very Dear Auntie: — I go to bed regularly
and earlier than before, and get up earlier.
This morning is the one when I have to be in
the lecture room by a little after eight. I was
going to tell thee about that course. It is upon
the prophets of Israel. I have always realized
that they were noble and deeply inspired men,
but have never known auy thing especially about
them. Wheu I heard the course was to be
given, I said to Fraulein Meyer, " Oh, I would
like to hear that," and she said at once (she has
charge of the course for women), I might go
without paying if I choose, she would be only
too glad to have one more to hear the professor.
It is a course not much attended, so of course I
was glad to accept, as I had proposed to go
anyway. The lectures are simply fascinating.
He explains the history of the times, the condi-
tion of the people, and gives places in different
parts of the Bible to look up that bear on the
subject. But most interesting are his descrip-
tions of the prophets themselves. How fearless
they stood in opposition to the whole people,
proclaiming what they knew to be given them
to say, and suffering whatever might be done
against them. The professor is a young man ;
though not at all what one would call eloquent,
yet he has a manner so quiet and earnest that
it makes a deep impression. He is himself so
thoroughly imbued with his subject that it is a
simple delight to listen to him.
These last two weeks the lectures have been
upon Jeremiah, and I have come home from
both lectures so enthusiastic, it seemed almost
that I had been there in Jerusalem and been
present at some of the gatherings of the enraged
populace, who preferred to listen to the pleasant
prophecies of the false prophets than those of
Jeremiah, which spoke only of the fall of their
beloved city.
There was one thing in this morning's lecture
that interested me, especially where he dwelt
upon one scene which he said was probably the
most characteristic in the entire Bible, of the
real character and meaning of the prophets.
Where the false prophet Hananiah, after con-
tradicting Jeremiah, took the wooden yoke from
his shoulder and broke it in two as a symbol to
the people of how the power of the Babylonians
should be broken, saying at the same time that
the Lord had inspired him with the words he
spoke. Then Jeremiah went quietly away ; but
soon the word of the Lord came to Jeremiah,
and told him to go to Hananiah and reproach
him with having mislead the people, etc. — thee
probably knows the history very well, but it
was simply this point which he made so clear
this morning, of the humility of the true prophet,
who made no reply until sure that it was the
word of the Lord that had been given him to
say, but then, when he had this assurance, how
he was bold as a lion. I find a little ditficulty in
telling about it in English — always a German j
word comes up. I must put in ray whole even-
ing writing up the lecture and reading all the
passages he mentioned, for to-morrow morning
I have my lesson, and when I have corrected
what I write before copying to keep. It is ex-
cellent exercise, not only for what I learn in
relation to the subject itself, but also for the
practice in writing the German. After hearing
a lecture like that I can write it out exactly as
well as if it were English. I make mistakes, of
course, but only small ones, and generally what
I really know, but there are so many little points
to consider, and when I write, I never thin!
of how to write, but only of the thoughts I wan
to express.
I had a fine French lesson this morning. Tht
first two with the French professor I foum
difficult. I was rather afraid to speak, I guess
and that made it so I could not, but by thi
time I am used to him, and I could talk fairl)
well. He stayed half an hour over the time, talk
ing on all sorts of things, principally America
But I must go now to my work, I have not an
swered thy letter yet, but will do that next time
First-day evening. — Oh, I have been so laz\
to-day! By the end of the week I am tired ani
must rest. I went to bed a little after ten las
night and rose a little before ten this morning
Then on coming into my sitting-room, I founc
my breakfast waiting me, and in a few minute:
Fraulein Oltmanus came. She had slept as Ion;
as I — so I was very glad to have company,
love to talk with her, and we are both so bu3\
we do less of it than we wish. After sleepiii.
so very, very soundly, I am always stupid, auf
I felt entirely too dull to write then, so I rem
until dinner time, and as soon as that was ove:
I laid down and slept like a rock for abou-
three hours. I roused myself for the afternooi
meal, and then joined Herr Director and !
young woman who lives there, on a walk. Oi
returning, I felt bright as a cricket. I had firs
to read aloud to Albanae a little. The poo;
child has had an inflamed eye for a week, st
that she dare not do any reading or sewing oi
use them in any way. She goes in the differen
classes, and in this way gets something from tin
school, but it is quite distressing. She is als«
not allowed to be much out of doors, so th^
time passes slowly for her. Still another weel
she must take care of her eyes, but I hope h-
that time she will be better. Every eveuing sb<
must bathe them for fifteen minutes with coli
water, and two or three times a week havi
them touched with some preparation. I rea(
to her a little every day, but do not take a
much time as I should like to give her. I an
really too busy. I am so rested now that I cai
keep going all week, though by the end of thi
week I will be tired, of course. Albanae ha
just come to set the table — she has to be doinj
something, and so helps the maid cpiite a goni
deal. This is the Bertha of whom I have writti-
a number of times, and whose home we visitt
in Mengershausen. She is a very nice girl,
like to have her about, and so original auc
good, and perfectly reliable. I have laughingl;
told her a good many times that she must com'
home to America with me, and keep house fo
me there. Really, if I had a sure position aB(
a house, nothing would be better. In every wa;
I should be delighted if she would come am
engage to stay long enough to make it wortl
while. They become very, very little here-
wages, I mean, and she is thoroughly trust
worthy — a person I could always trust Albana
with, and intelligent and good-natured as pos
sible, and without any airs or pretensions, am
really from an excellent family. However, thi
is only talk, but it is not impossible. With th
care and work I will have when I come homei;
giving lessons and all that, I must have somf '
one I can implicitly trust, and I dread to begii'
with such servants as one gets in America ver
often ; she is the sort of a character that woul
not be easily spoiled.
We have had a deep snow for several day
and everything looks so lovely. The best pai
of it is that the mercury, though even at nigfc
not very low, does not reach the melting poii
econd Mo. 27, 1897
THE FRIEND.
255
it niion, so that the snow reniains beautiful,
'he tii>t fveaing after it fell, I made snow
ream, and we liad a regular jolliticatiou all to
brselves. Albanae was beside herself for joy,
lid all thought it very good. I like to surprise
fieiu with something American now and then.
1 I am simply in love with the French lan-
l.iage. The lecture yesterday afternoon was so
jlightful. I have never understood one so
ell, that makes me so happy, to feel that from
eek to week I make real progress. In Paris I
ill attend the lectures in the Sourbone, the
iniversity of Paris. I have my guide-book of
laris (of course in the French language), al-
'sys by, and whenever I hear or read anything
'the city, I look it up at once and place it on
e maps. In this way I am getting already
►lite familiar with the names of the streets and
Ajects f]f interest, and particular things that I
lust see in special museums etc. Then I have
lad sdiue in the history of Paris. Altogether,
'iien I get out of the cars at the "Gare du
jord " (the North railway station), where the
tain from Cologne comes in, I shall feel quite
J home, and know just where to go. Of course
yy guide book will be my inseparable compan-
n, and the plan of Paris I will keep open all
le time, more or less. Oh, I like that, to feel
H'self a stranger in a strange place, and to be
ijiie, and only myself to depend on. It is so
uch more interesting than to have some one
srange all that for one.
But I must draw ray letter to a close. The
erector's family are coming up this evening to
6iy awhile, and they complain very much that
hm always studying and never show myself,
sl have promised to be sociable this evening.
S with a great deal of love, thy affectionate
i:ee, E. S. Kite.
How (jadabout Changes His Color.
Ga<labout is the nKjst interesting pet in my
fuily, although a tiny creature and somewhat
t'ublesome, for as his name suggests he is a
r;ular little truant. Whenever he can he runs
aay from his home, and hides in the most un-
epected nooks and corners for a day or even
tn days. After a long search perhaps I will
aiidenlally see his diminutive head peeping
flt; between the covers of some volume in the
1 rary, his bright little almond shaped eyes
bnking saucily, as if saying, "Well, here I
a !" Or I may discover him snugly curled
u within the reel of a fishing rod taking a
Ba, and almost invisible because he had as-
syied the same color as a fish line upon which
hlies.
viadabout is a little lizard, not quite sis inches
leg, his tail making half of this length.
^t was after a great many curious experiences
al much journeying that Gadabout found bis
wy from the Florida woods to his present home
iiCalifornia. At first he was supposed to be
tlid. At my approach he ran and concealed
h iself beneath the leafy flooring of his litte
ere. There he would peer out and eye me
ciiously. Gradually he became tamer and
a^ustoraed to ray handling him, until he would
li quietly on my finger while I watched his
acle-like coat fade to the palest gray ; fiir, as
D'.rly as possible, Gadabout takes the color of
watever he rests upon.
t is this habit that makes the little creature
scinteresting, and how he changes his color
ail why are questions that puzzle all who ob-
3676 his transformations.
Vhen asleep upon his nasturtium leaf bed he
is of an e.\(juisite green tint. When he liis on
my Ijrown gown he (juickly rhanges to a bi'own
hue. When he lies on the carpet his armored
coat is as spotted and velvet-like as a leopard's.
Indeed, these changes in Gadabout's colors seem
endless, and take place in a marvellously short
time.
In all probability Gadabout himself knows
very little about his many-tinted coats; for this
])ower of changing color is one of nature's ways
of protecting some of her small, helpless crea-
tures. If in his native woods Gadabout should
crawl out, or rather dart out (for these little liz-
ards are like a flash of light in their movements),
upon the brown limb of a tree or upon the sandy
ground, he would be a very conspicuous object,
asheisnaturally of a beautiful light-green hue.
He would be quickly noticed by the first bird
or other lizard-eating enemy that came along.
But mother Nature enables him to take the
color of his surroundings and thus find protec-
tion by not being easily seen.
But how does Mother Nature do this.
The magic change in Gadabout is caused by
the effect which the color he lies upon has on
his color cells.
In an inner layer of the skin of Gadabout
there are little bags or cells filled with coloring
matter — some with red, some with bnjwn, some
with black, some with green, and so on. These
cells, though very small indeed, have the power
both of expanding and contracting; and a color-
ed light carried to them through Gadabout's
eyes causes that same color to appear on Gad-
about's skin. When Gadabout's eyes carry
the color of my brown dress, then the brown
cells expand and Gadabout looks brown !
This is the way that Gadabout so often hides
from rae. If he nestles on a red cushion he
looks red. If he climbs into a green palm he
looks green. And on a many colnred Persian
rug he looks like some little Persian figure of
the design ! — Sarah E. Ufford, in Little Men and
Women.
The Mania foe High Buildings. — High
buildings have their evils. The family of an
official occupying apartments on the top of a
down-town office building looking out on the
bay, has almost been broken up from the effects
of foul air from soil-pipes on adjourning roofs.
Jn a Wall Street building the janitor is suffer-
ing from typho-malaria from the same cause,
and a law firm occupying an office on the floor
next the roof have suffered annoyance and posi-
tive injury from the gases from chimneys and
soil pipes on adjoining but lower buildings, be-
ing wafted into their windows. As these build-
ings are heated by steam, there is no ventila-
tion except by open windows; if they open the
windows, the foul air causes headache and nau-
sea, while if they kept them closed, the heat
radiated by steam pipes is overpowering and
debilitating.
In another building foul air rises from the
ctllar and is diffused through the floors, and
several tenants have been advised to abandon
their offices.
Wingate, the sanitary engineer, says that
these huge office buildings, family hotels, and
apartment houses, "like gigantic cuppingglasses,
suck up and diffuse impure ground air or other
foul odors throughout every cranny in their
structure." This he says aflects the tenants of
upper floors as much as it does the others, if not
more; while they are specially subject to gases
from ])lumbing pipes, chimney stacks, and other
things around them. — Christian Advocate.
If<iw jiionc we are to be >elfi.-li in our grief:*.
In our beieavenients we think of ourselves, of
our sorrows, of our losses, rather than ut' the
griefs of others who are stricken with us, or of
the joy into which our loved ones have entered.
A group of mourners stood about the deatlibed
of a lovely saint, whose life had been one of
doing and enduring for others. One of these,
turning to another, said in a natural and im-
pulsive outburst of sorrow : "I don't think we
can realize how much we have lost." The
other, whose very heart was riveu in this be-
reavement, responded in the calmness of unsel-
fish trust: " I don't think we can realize how
much she has gained." What finer tribute
could there be than this to the character of her
who had trained her loved son to this self-for-
getful love and faith!— iS'. iS'. Times.
THE FRIEND.
SECOND MONTH 27, 1897.
It has recently come to the knowledge of the
editor of The Friend that a fear lest Phila-
delphia Yearly Meeting should ultimately adopt
the methods of holding meetings for worship
which prevail to a lamentable extent in some
parts of what profes;es to be the Society of
Friends, has acted as a discouragement to some
whose thoughts had been in degree turned
towards seeking membership with it. We are_
not surpri^ed that such a hesitation should be'
felt by any who have been favored to hold that
Divine communion which is the crown of our
religious meetings, if they think that Friends
are preparing to desert their ancient ground,
and imitate the practice of those who place
more dependence on outward performances than
on the inward travail of spirit.
While we can but hope that the fears of such
are needlessly excited, yet the signs of the times
indicate the importance of being on our guard,
and of withstanding the first steps in the di-
rection of introducing such novelties.
Robert Barclay says of singing of psalms in
public worship, that the case is just the same as
in preaching or praying. It is very sweet and
refreshing when it proceeds from a true sense
of God's love in the heart, and arises from the
Divine influence of the spirit. But as for the
formal, customary way of singing, it has no
foundation in Scripture, nor any ground in true
Christianity. While we cannot recall any in-
stance of such singing in a Friend's Meeting
recorded in the history of the Society in its
purer days, yet we do not doubt, that the mind
may be so impressed with a stnse of the good-
ness of God, that ejaculations of prayer or praise
may spring from the motions of the spirit, which
will be edifying to the church. But this cannot
be counted in that " artificial music," for which,
as Barclay states, " we have neither example
nor precept in the New Testament."
George Whitehead, when in Edmondsbury
prison, was put in a dungeon four yards under-
ground, with two other Friends, fellow-prison-
ers, for reproving the jailer for permitting
drunkenness among his prisoners. He says:
"There we were detained nearly four hours,
singing praises to the Lord our God, in the
sweet enjoyment and living sense of his glori-
ous presence." After his release from prison,
G. Whitehead wrote as follows : " In the com-
fortable enjoyment of the Lord's glorious Di-
vine power and presence, several of us have
often been made to sing aloud in praise to his
256
THE FRIEND.
f5econd Mo. 27, 189
glorious Name ; yea, his high praises have been
in our mouths oftentimes, to the great amaze-
ment and astonishment of the malefactors shut
up in the same ward with us. When walking
therein, our hearts had been lifted up in living
praise to the Lord, often for several hours to-
gether, with voices of melody."
We do not believe that these " voices of
melody," were any utterance of artificial tunes,
prepared by man and committed to memory,
but the natural harmonious expression of that
" sweet enjoyment with which they were Di-
vinely favored."
It was so also with Barbara Blangdon, one of
our women Friends, who, when barbarously
beaten, was so filled with Divine joy, that she
sang aloud to give vent to her feelings, and G.
Fox likewise, when beaten in prison by a cruel
jailer, was moved to sing aloud.
It would be easy to produce evidence that
our early Friends recognized the distinction
between "formal singing and that which comes
from the spirit. Edward Burrough, in an ad-
dress to the people of England, says: "True
singing I own, with the spirit and with under-
standing, singing in the spirit, making melody
in the heart to the Lord. But your singing is
carnal, traditional and heathenish, and is an
imitation, and is not with the Spirit of Jesus."
In his tract, entitled "A Measure of the
Times," the same zealous writer says : " When
singing in the spirit and with the understand-
ing was ceased, and not known, then began
people to get the form of singing of David's ex-
periences in rhyme and meter."
SUMMARY 'of EVENTS.
United States. — The atuended ini migration bill,
having passe 1 biitli Houses of Congre-.s, is now in the
hands of the President. It adds to tlie clq,sses of ex-
cluded aliens ail persons over sixteen years of age who
cannot read the English language or some other lan-
guage— except, that aduiissible immigrants may bring
with theoi or send for illiterate parents or grand-
parents (over fifty years old), wives and minor chil-
dren. It also prohibits from employment on public
works aliens who come regularly or habinially into
the United States for the purpose of engaging in any
mechauical trade or manual labor, and who have not
made declaration of intention to become Aiueri_-an
citizens. The Secretary of the Treasury, however,
may permit the entrance of aliens for the purpose of
teaching new arts and industries. The act is not to
apply to persons coming here from Culia during the
continuance of the present disorders there.
The Arbitration Treaty will go over to the next
Congress. Senator Sherman is of opinion that it will
then pass, as a two-thirds majority favor it.
On the recommendation of Secretary Francis and a
Forestry Commissioner of the National Academy of
Sciences, the President, on Second Month 22o<l, 1897,
signed and promiilgated thirteen proclamations es-
tablishing thirteen additional forest reservations, con-
taining an agi;regate area of 21,.37i',840 acres.
The Senatorial dfadlock in South Dakota was broken
on the eighteenth instant by tlie re-election of James
H. Kyle, by the votes of the Republicans and a few
Popuiisls.
A bill granting women the right of suffrage in Ok-
lahoma Territory has been defeated iu the Ilouse bv
a vote of 11 to l.J.
In the Massachusetts House a woman suffrage
amendment was defeated by a vote of 8t> to .53.
The Missouri Legislature, on the 20th instant, re-
pealed the vagrancy law, and there is now no statute
in that State for the punishment of vagrants. The
law repealed [)ermitled persons convic ted of vagrancy
to be sold by the sheriffs of the different counties from
a block, as were negroes in times of slavery.
It is estimated that the turkey trade of the United
States exceeds $12,000,000 annually. The greatest of
the turkey-growing Stales are Illinois, Pennsylvania,
New York, Ohio, Indiana, Iowa, Missouri, Kansas,
Kentucky, Tennessee and Texas.
Success has attended the experiment of s.mie land-
owners at Orlando, Fla., who undertook lo raise Ken-
tucky blue grass and timothy. The Orlando plot
chosen for the experiment is hummock land, with
marl underneath, and great hopes are built upon the
favorable indications of this first trial.
A statistician says more than 4,000.000,000 cigarettes
were smoked in Americ.i last year, an increase of 323,-
687,340 over the record for 1895.
One hundred and sevemy-five Catholic clergymen
of Boston have asked the Legislature to restrict the
liquor traffic.
Great destitution is reported in the parishes of Winn
and Jackson, in the State of Louisiana. This district
of the State is composed of a farming population, in
the main well-to-do, but last summer a protracted
drouth visited the section, which prevented the ma-
turing of crops. In fact, nothing was raised, autl the
farmers have no produce with which to feed either
their families or domeslic animals. Nearly all of the
sufferers are entirely worthy, and they need food and
clothing. In the parish of Winn more than 500 fami-
lies are actually suffering for the necessaries of life,
and the number is daily increasing. The relief ten-
dered by the State is entirely inadequate lo tide the
peojile over the emergency, and outside aid is urgently
needed.
Deaths in this city last week numbered 530, which
is 10 less than the previous week, and 59 more than
the corresponding week of 1890. Of the foregoing, 263
were males and 267 females: 115 died of pneumonia ;
07 of heart disease; 57 of consumption ; 27 of diph-
theria; 21 of old age ; 20 of convulsions; 18 of influ-
enza ; 17 of cancer ; 17 of apoplexy ; 14 of bronchitis ;
12 of Brighl's disease, and 9 of inflammation of the
brain.
Markets, <ic. — V. S. 2's. 95 a 97; 4's, reg., IIU a
112; coupon, 112J a 113J; new 4's, 122J a 1223; 5's,
113i a 114; currency 6's, 103 a 100.
Cotton was steady at 7|c. per pound for middling
uplands.
Feed.— Spot bran ranged from $12.50 to $13.00 per
ton for winter in bulk, and $12.25 a $12.75 for spring
in sack.«.
Flour.— Winter super, $2.55 a $2.80; do., extras,
$2.90 a $3.20 ; Pennsylvania roller, clear, $4.10 a $4.25;
do., do., straight, $4.25 a $4.40 ; Western winter, clear,
$4.10 a $4.25; do., do., straight, $4.25 a $4.40; do.,
do., patent, $4..50 a $4.65 ; spring, clear, $3.65 a $3.80 ;
do., straight, $4.00 a $4.25 ; do., patent, $4.30 a $4.45 ;
do., favorite brands, higher. City mills, extra, $3.05
a $3.30; do., clear, $4.05 a $4.30; do., straight, $4.30
a $4.50 ; do., patent, $4.55 a $4.80. Rye Flouk.—
$2.75 per bbl. for choice Pennsylvania. Buckwheat
Floor.— $1.10 a$1.25 per 100 pounds, as to quality.
Grain. — No. 2 red wheat, 88i a 88|c.
No. 2 mixed corn, 20 a 26Jc.
No. 2 white oats, 23J a 23Jc.
Beef Cattle. — Extra, 4J a 5c.; good, ih a 4|c.;
medium, 4^ a 4|c.; common, 4 a 4Jc.
Sheep and Lambs. — Extra, 4J a 4 Jc; good, 4 a 4ic.;
medium, 3.5 a 3^c ; common, 3 a 3Jc.; lamtis, 4 a 5|c
Hogs. — ^Best Western, 5| a 5|c.; other Western, 5 a
5ic.: State, 4i a 5c.
Foreign — About one-third of the land in Great
Britain is owned by members of the House of Lords.
During the last sixty-five years the increase of popu-
lation has been: In France, 18 per cent.; Austria, 45;
Italy, 48; United Kingdom, 63 ; Germany, 75 ; Rus-
sia, 92; British Colonies, 510; United States, 626.
Bontau, the discoverer of a method of photograph-
ing the sea bottom, has succeeded in taking several
photographs of the vegetation that grows on the rocks,
by means of a water-tight camera and flash-light.
Dressed as a diver, he takes with him to the bottom
of the sea a barrel containing oxygen. A puff of gas
from the barrel carries magnesium powder into the
flame of a spirit-lamp, standing under a bell-jar on the
upper end of the barrel. Another puff actuates the
pneumatic shutter of the camera at thesune time. He
has found this method very useful in exploring coral
reefs.
Russia's penal statistics, just published at St. Peters-
burg, show that, in the dominion of the Czar, the
women criminals outnumber the men by nearly fifty
per cent, just the contrary being the case in other
countries. Mrst of the women criminals are unmar-
ried, and the majority c )uie fjom the laboring classes
"it""^
that
been oiScuilly announced in Constantinople
thousand Moslems had been killed in Setia,
a town in the eastern extremity of Crete, by the
Christians. Of all ihe Mohammedan residents of the
place, only twenty-eight escaped.
Ou the 16ih inst, Colonel Vassos, commander of the
Greek forces in Crete, issued a proclamation, proclaim-
ing a Greek occupation of the island. lie promises,
in the name of King George, to protect the live;
honor and property of the inhabitants, without dis
tinction of religion or nationality, and to respect ih
religious convictions of the inhabitants, while bring
ing to ihem peace and law.
The Greeks, it is said, attacked and captured Foi
Aghia, taking 400 Mussulmans prisoners. Among tli
number are 100 Turkish troops, the remainder of th
prisoners being Moslems, who had taken refuge in th
fort.
A Turkish force has sailed from Constantinople fo
Crete. They will not be permitted to land if the Gree
torpedo flotilla can prevent it.
On the 21st instant, insurgents in the vicinity ■
Canea made an attack upon the town, whereupon Ih
warships of the foreign Powers sent shells into tli
caiup until the Greek flag was lowered. Several me
were wounded, but, it is stated, none were killed.
The Powers have agreed to authorize Italy to pacif
and administer the affairs of Crete, pending the estal
lisliment of c nstitutional autonomy. It has been ds
cided by the Powers that the granting of autonomy I
Crete must be preceded by a complete cessation (
Greek interference.
The French Minister of Foreign Affairs says it wi
be necessary to effect reforms in the entire East will
out the co-operation of the Sultan.
Scandinavia wanis to secure peace in case of a Ei
ropean war, by having its neutrality guaranteed by th
Powers, as is now Ihe case with Belgium and Switzei
land. Resolutions asking for this will be submilte
in the Norwegian Storthing, the Swedish Riksdag an
the Danish Folkething.
Brazil has about 2,000,000 acres planted in coffee.
The New York Herald has a dispatch from Buem
Ayres which says: " A protocol has been signed b
the Brazilian Minister of Foreign Affairs and th
diplomatic representative of France resident in Ki
Janeiro. The protocol embodies terms of seltleraei
of the Amapa question, and rules for the determin;
tion of the line of demarkation in Guiana. The FeJe
ral Council of Switzerland is named in the protocol,'
the arbitrator. The Brazilian Congress will discus
the prot"C d, but the consideration will be brief, an
it is not likely that any objection will be offered t
the terras."
Pitcairn's Island has been annexed to New Soiit
Wales. _ It has over 800 inhabitants, descendants >
the mutineers of the British brig Bounty. They ar
an interesting Christian community.
The authorities of the Dominion of Canada hav
presented the Hawaiian Government with 80,00
young salmon, to be placed in the rivers of the Ha
waiian Islands.
Women in Canada will soon practi?e law as barrii
ters. The Ontario Law School some time ago passe
rules to this effect, with the following regulations ;
to dress: ''They must be bareheaded, wear blac
gowns over a black dress, and white collars and cuffs.
Westtown Boarding School. — Applications f:
the admission of pupils to the school, and letters i
regard to instruction and discipline should be ai
dressed to William F. Wickbrsham, Principal.
Payments on account of board arid tuition, an
communications in regard to business should be fo'
warded to Edward G. Smedley, Superintendent.
Addres.s, Westtown P. O., Chester Co., Pa.
Westtown Boarding School. — For conveniem
of persons coming to Westtown School, the stage wi
meet trains leaving Philadelphia 7.17 and 8.46 A. w
and 2.53 and 4.32 p. M. Other trains are met whe
requested. Stage fare on regular trips, fifteen cent
on special trips, twenty-five cents each way. To reac
the school by telegraph, wire West Chester Phone 8
Edward G. Smedley, Sup'l.
Westtown Boarding School. — The spring ter
will begin on Third Month 16th, 1897. Applicatioi
for admission should be made to
Wm. F. Wickersham, Principal, Westtown, Pa
Wanted. — .\ middle aged Friend to serve as m
Iron for the Barclay Home; to enter upon her duti'
Fourth Month Isl, 1897. Application may be mac
to The Barclay Home, 326 N. Walnut St.,
West Chester, Pa
Correction. — In the last number of The Fries
page 243, fur '' She is eighty-one years of age, and h
already completed the sixtieth year of her reign
read "She is nearly seventy-eight vears of age, ai
on Sixth Month 2Sth, 1897, if living, will have coi
pleted the sixtieth year of her reign."
THE FRIEND.
A Religious and Literary Journal.
VOL. LXX.
SEVENTH-DAY, THIRD MONTH (J, 1K97.
No. 33.
PUBLISHED WEEKLY.
Price, if paid in advance, $2.00 per annum.
Edwin P. Sellew, Publishek,
No. 207 Walnut Place,
(South from Walnut Street, between Third and Fourth,)
PHILADELPHIA.
Articles designed for insertion to be addressed to
JOSEPH WALTON,
MooRESTowN, Burlington Co., N. J.
^tered as second-class matter at Philadelphia P. O.
rtary and Letters of Deborah Brooks V/ebb.
{Continued from pasce JOO.j
: 1874.— Third Month loth.— "Now, if we can
nly pursue in the pathway of life unto Him."
think I have the expression quoted somewhere,
The piith of light i.s living," and does not an
.arnest character find it so, that he must keep
is new nature renewed day by day ? . . .
To doubt you have your dippings and baptisms,
'ut through all the blessed Master is near and
'atches over the gold with tender interest. " In
our patience, possess ye your souls. But there
ball not an hair of your head perish." What
wonderful assertion ! True, though, for we
DOW that it is from the lip of Truth. He
uows how to encompass as with a shield, all
lose who trust in Him. . . The little tract,
, What Is It " [of which she was the author], is
leing stereotyped. It passed the committee
i'ithout dissent, except the desire for the chil-
ren to mind their parents and friends. Some
nought the parents might not always be fit to
irect their children and give proper commands.
29th. — Alluding to two unsavory supplica-
ions in meeting, she says: " I could not enjoy
ither of the prayers. Pouring out our natural
esires seems more appropriate for the closet. I
bink there is a deeper baptism and inspiration
eeded for our public approaches to the throne
f Grace."
Fourth Month 3rd. — At home today because
f a hemorrhage of the lungs — a little last night
Iso. It is a long time since I wrote in this
lurnal, and much has transpired. My mind
'as drawn to visit Trenton, N. J., and E. and
•. Richie went with me. It was not a time of
bounding, but I hope the good cause did not suf-
,ir. P. and E. C. D. entertained us very kindly,
nd we dined at Henrv Wood's.
20th.— Second-day.— This is Yearly Meeting
i'eek, and yesterday was my birth-day, and I
m laid upon a sick-bed. Surely " Man pro-
■oses, but God disposes." This is the third week
f my sickness, and I am not yet allowed to sit
p. Thou, oh. Lord, seems near me ; be pleased
3 teach me every lesson it is thy design I should
Jarn from this illness.
29th. — Quite a snow-storm this morning, con-
inuing for nearly two hours. The roofs and
iavements are quite white. Now about noon
the sun is shining and the snow all gone. I am
sitting up in bed, gradually recovering. Oh,
Father in heaven, be pleased to bow down thy
ear and hear my cry for help, to walk with
greater nearness unto thee. Oh, keep my spirit
seasoned with thy grace.
Fifth Month Gth.- This is the fifth week of
my sickness, and I am able to sit up jn a chair
twice a day for half an hour.
11th. — Fir.~t-day. I am down stairs; came
down yesterday, and feel pretty strong.
21st. — Came to Bryn Mawr to spend a little
time with my dear friends, W. and D. C. S.
They have indeed a lovely honje out here, and
sweet Christian kindness and careful govern-
ment of tem])er reigning in the hearts of the
heads thereof, makes it delightful to be with
them.
Sixth Month 2nd. — Came into town again
much improve(l in health. Went to meeting for
the first time. Parvin Masters and Mary Town-
send were married. P. E. and E. Sharpless had
good service. I added my mite at the last in
regard to the solemn covenant and the need of
making a similar covenant with the Lord our
God. " Oh, that thou hadst hearkened to my
commandments, then had thy peace been as a
river, and thy righteousness as the waves of the
sea."
7th. — Came down to Cape May by the kind
invitation of Anna P. Cook, and am remaining
at her house.
10th. — Awakened quite sick; had hemor-
rhages in the night, felt quiet and peaceful.
Some return the next day and sent for a physi-
cian. Soon much better and able to be about
agaiu.
14th. — First-day. Sat down together to wor-
ship God, some others coming in besides Anna's
family. A solemn time, and I hope a time of
refreshment to some.
21st. — Again several of us assembled for wor-
ship, and oh, that the seed so often sown in the
hearts of some may indeed bear fruit. " Come,
see a man who told me all things that ever I
did," was the language of my heart. A. P. C.
knelt at the last, and poured out her heart's
desire for her household, herself and family. I
thank thee, oh. Father, for the blessing of hav-
ing been here, and I humbly implore thy mer-
cies upon her, for all her kindness to me. Re-
strain, O, Lord, and guide and preserve her
children from the evil path ; keep them inno-
cent and tender.
27th. — Came to West Chester to Ann Shep-
paril's.
28th. — First-day meeting large. It is a blessed
thing to be gathered inward to the Source and
Centre of all Good.
Seventh Month 6th. — Came on Seventh-day
to be with W. and A. M. T. for some time. A
pleasant visit with A. How thankful I am for
so many favors and kindnesses. To-day we learn
of the funeral of Mary Lippincott.
15th. — Went to Whiteland Meeting. Dined
at I. and A. W. Hall's. Sarah Williams there.
They have just lost their brother Jesse.
17th. — Tea at Anne Pirn's, aged eighty two,
and a very upright and smart woman. Her
natural force seems scarcely abated.
On the tenth of the month there was a sad
accident at Atlantic City. Several persons went
out sailing, and in returning the boat upset.
Anna Roberts, Ofllay Sharpless, wife and two
children were drowned.
Eighth Month 7th. — I am on the eve of de-
parture from West Chester to Parkerville for a
three weeks' visit, having been here six weeks,
the last five with W. and A. M. T. It has been
so delightful here. My spirit seems so united
to theirs in Christian fellowship and the spir-
itual warfare. We have visited several meetings
together, and I can acknowledge that heavenly
help has been near, to my humbling admiration.
I feel helped spiritually, and my health has
improved very much.
Ninth Month .5ih. — To-morrow I commence
school, if health permits.
On the Fourth-day before leaving West Ches-
ter was their ]Monthly Meeting.
To-day Zechariah second chapter, verse five,
seems to be for my health and strength — " For
I, saith the Lord, will be unto her a wall ot
fire round about, and will be the glory in the
midst of her." Oh, ray Lord, bless me, bless and
preserve me, keep me close to thy side.
Alluding to this subject in a letter, she says:
" I was so thankful to hear of your good visit
from . Better times coming, and we
can serve Him as much by suffering his will, as
doing it. How thankful I am too, for my de-
lightful sojourn with you. My spirit bows in
humility and praise. I have opened so many
times upon Zechariah second chapter, verse five.
It seemed almost new to me, and so sweet. If
we can only lay hold upon it, and keep inward
with our Light and Guide as much as we long
to do. . . H. Scull referred to the words in
connection with Jehovah : ' Jehovah Jireh ! The
Lord will provide,' ' Jehovah Nissi — the Lord
my banner,' ' Jehovah Shalom — the Lord send
peace.' Are they not beautiful ? "
20th. — I am improving in health, but am I
improving in gentleness and meekness? I fear
my manner has not been so quiet and gentle
with the children during the past week, as it
should have been. Be plea.sed in thy mercy to
forgive me, oh. Father, and heal me ; strengthen
me, oh. Lord, to be calm and quiet and govern
in quietness, for I feel persuaded nothing else
will so reach the witness for Thee in the hearts
of the children. Oh, Father, I abhor myself,
and repent and beg to be restored to the sub-
dued peaceful manners of thy true children.
Set thy fear before my eyes all the day long, I
beseech of Thee, for thou art worthy to be
served.
27th. — A better week, but had to be decided.
I did try to bring them (the unruly ones), to
the fear of the Lord, showing that He was ready
to forgive.
After attending a funeral, she wrote. Tenth
Month 15th: "J. S. S. said a little up-stairs.
We both felt something. Many are the afflic-
258
THE FRIEND.
Third Mo. 6, 18Si
tions of the righteous, but the ' Lord delivereth
him out of them all.' It opened so plainly the
ditference between those that had uo Auchor,
and those who are on the Kock. One is deliv-
ered out of his afflictions, while ihe other is
forced to seek alleviation from outward sources
until they are all found to be as the shiftint:
sand, and" they are lost in perdition. Let us
hold fast our confidence, our anchor on the
Eock. ' He delivereth them out of them all.' "
Tenth Month 18th.— At Haverford Meeting,
Clarkson Sheppard and wife, also J. S. E. were
at meeting, Clarkson largely engaged in testi-
mony, J. S. E. a little at the last. My mite
was also added, a desire for some that they
might bow in submission, be willing to let the
Master come in as with a whip of small cords,
and cleanse and purify the temple of the heart.
Clarksou's text was: " If I wash thee not, thou
hast no part with me." They dined at Haver-
ford College. My little scholars seem brought
into good order again.
2Sth.— She writes in reference to a place to
board : " This morn dear S. A. R. went to S. A.
Cooper's and asked about rooms, and finds three
spare ones, so tomorrow I intend to go and en-
gage, if it seems as bright. She and her daugh-
ter are kind."
Alluding to a recent visit to some friends
under trial, she says : " How often since being
with you, has my spirit been in sympathy with
your suiferings. Have we not "been baptized
together, but in the baptism we feel that He,
our blessed Lord, is with us, sanctifying, bles.s-
ing. 'In all their afflictions He was afflicted,
and the angel of his presence saved them.' I
feel that there is salvation and preservation in
meekly bowing to his will. The cup. that my
Father has given me, shall I not drink it ?
Please tell W that I believe all things will
work together for his eternal good, for he loves
the Master. Think of the white robe
eousness that the great tribulations bring, who
would want to be without them ? Then let us
love Him ardently and centre our treasure in
heaven. Mv love kindly to him and thy own
dear self Your kindness is like balm, and the
reward for the cup of cold water is sure."
Extract from a letter dated Twelfth Month
6th, 1874: "How interesting The Friend is
this week. 1 recognize Ws handiwork in the
account of W. E. Udderzook
. . . . The blessed Master knows how to
use us ; how to bring us forward in his work,
and then to help us to lay all crowns at his feet
and to wear our wreath humbly when returned.
Is it not so true, ' My times are in thy hand,' and
it is so sweet to look to Him in everything, to
ieel that He knows our situations, and will order
all things for our eternal good. I was struck
with a remark of John Woolman's in the (Life
of) S. L. Grubb. It said ' he was brought into
a low season, and in it he remembered he had
called God Father, and he felt that he loved
Hira. S. F. B. gave me a printed poem on
John Woolman which contained these lines :
" ' There is glorv to me in thy name.
Meek follower of Bethlehem's Child.
More touching bv far than tlie splendor of fame
By which the vain world is beguiled.
'Tis the glory of goodness, the praise of the jii>t,
AVhich outlives even death, and is fragrant in dust.'
"I have thought how fragrant hi
(To be continued.)
of our prayers, how melodious they are ; nor
the logic of our prayers, how methodical they
are— but the divinity of our prayers, how heart-
sprung they are. Not gifts, but graces, prevail
in prayer. — Selected.
name was.
God respects not the arithmetic of our pray
•s, how many they are; nor the rhetoric of
ir prayers, how long they are ; nor the music
From " THE [London] Feiekd."
Persecuted For Love's Sake.
Scattered items of news have appeared of late
in the Russian newspapers, to the effect that some
sect of " Doukhobors," (spiritual wrestlers, have
been misconducting themselves in some way, and
have been subjected to repressive measures by
the Russian Government. But, unfortunately,
very few people know definitely who those Douk-
hobors are, how they have evoked the displeas-
ure of the Government, or what punishment
has been inflicted on them for their offences
The absence of any detailed accounts of the
matter is due to the fact that in this case (as
in all its dealings with the so-called sectarian
movement) the Russian Government, though
it considers its conduct justifiable, tries care-
fully to hide its deeds from the knowledge of
the rest of the population. It does this by ela-
borate restriction of all endeavors to find out
and to proclaim the true facts of the case ; not
to mention that the censor decides what news
may be printed.
We therefore think it desirable to make known
to others, in a brief form, the trustworthy infor-
mation concerning the present state of the Douk-
hobors which we have obtained with great dif-
ficulty, and have carefully verified. We feel
sure that a knowledge of their real intentions,
conduct, and sufferings will evoke in the readers
those feelingsof sympathy and compassion which
are so dear to men who sacrifice themselves for
the sake of what they hold to be the truth.
Of the whole twenty thousand so-called Douk-
hobors living in the Caucasus, twelve thousand
men are, and have been for the last two years,
suffering most cruel persecution. More than
four thousand of them, depiived of the possi-
bility of supplying themselves with the most
elementary necessaries of life, are suffering from
cold, hunger, disease of all kinds, and general
exhaustion. Many have already died, others
are dying at the present moment, and they are
all in danger of being exterminated if the pe
secution is not stopped. These people are per-
secuted because their religious convictions do
not allow them to fulfil those demands of the
Government which are, directly or indirectly,
connected with the slaughter of their fellow-
men.
Their belief is, that to man has been given
the possibility of perceiving in his own soul the
voice of the indwelling God, to whom he owes
obedience more than to the dictates of his per-
sonal desire, or to the external demands of
others which clash with this voice. This inner
voice, in the conception of the Doukhobors, is
simply love ; which should primarily be directed
towards God, and be expressed in doing his
will, and secondly to man, and be expressed
chiefly in abstaining from all that is opposed
to their well-being — for instance, from irrita-
tion, anger, fighting, murder, war, military ser-
vice, and every form of violence.
"The Spirit of God lives in us and gives us
life," writes one of them in reply to our ques-
tion, what they meant by "the Book of Life."
He who is pure in body and in bis acts meek
and humble, never disputes with anyone, never
contradicts anyone, follows after good, and with-
draws himself, from evil deeds, who loves the
Lord his God with all his heart, with all his
soul, and with all his mind, and also loves hii
neighbor, and all who surround him, as himl
self; in a word, he who does not harm an;
living thing on earth, but fulfils the law (
God, and has a conscience pure and unspotte
— such a man has " the Book of Life." Th
Deity, according to the Doukhobors, dwells ii
the soul of man ; and there, consequently, i|
the real temple of God. Temples built witll
hands, ceremonies, and sacraments they altci
gether reject. " God, they say, is a Spirit,
it is in spirit that we must bow down and pray.'
The religion of the Doukhobors is purely spiriti
ual, and they willingly call themselves not onl;l
Christians, but also "Doukhobors," taking tbit
name as meaning that they live by the Spiril
(doukh), and in the Spirit wrestle (boryatsya;
with evil.
The attitude of the Doukhobors to the Gov
ernment and the authorities is expressed by thil
following words of theirs : " We remember thai
it is said, ' Render unto God that which is God'il
and to Cffisar that which is Cssar's,' and we d I
not oppose the authorities if they demand fron
us that which is not forbidden by God ; bu
that which is God's we cannot give up.
are ready to lay down our life for any
and would lay it down for the Tsar if we saM
him in distress; if, for instance, he were drowni
ing, or people were killing him, or he were badl;(
off in some other way, we should be ready bj
lay down our lives for him as well as for
other man. Only we will not kill people fo
anyone; the right way to defend people fromi
their foes is not with arms, but with words O'
truth. Truth should be spoken straight t|
people's faces, and then they will be ashame«ii
to do evil deeds. It is a fearful sin to lift one'i
hand against a brother-man. It is sad to kill
even a little bird."
After their first appearance, in the raiddleoj
the last century, the Doukhobors were sootj
subjected to various forms of persecution
b'l
the Government, because their consciences forj
bade their complying with some demands o|
the authorities, especially with the demand tti
serve in the army. Tlie Doukhobors always
based their refusal of military service, and o|
participation in other forms of violence, _ oil
Chri.st's teaching, and on conscientious motive!
which every Christian is bound to respect. Ii;
order, therefore, to find a pretext for persecu ;
ting, judging, and punishing them, the real rej
ligioiis ground for their conduct was usualbi
concealed, and other reasons, generally of ij
political and criminal character, were attributec
to them. It was stated that the Doukhobor
were rebels, that they roused people against th'
authorities, and committed a number of othe
criminal offences — robberies, murder, nioneyi!
forging, debauchery, etc. j
The primary and chief propagators of thes-l
libels were the representatives of the OrthodoJ^
Church, which the Doukhobors, from their re
ligious convictions, repudiated. TheOrthodo;'
Church, as is well known, is protected by ih''
Government, collects its revenues with itsassis:
tance, and in its turn justifies and blesses everj
demand of its protector, however contrary ti
the teaching of Christ such a demand may be
The prayers to " tread enemies underfoot," an(
the Church's demonstrative and official partici
pation in all the military organizations for h"
man slaughter, are striking illustrations of this
It is, therefore, natural that the convictions an(
conduct of such people as the Doukhobors, serv
ing as a lively reproach to the representative
of the Orthodox Church for their own apostacy
bird Mo. 6, 1897
THE FRIEND.
259
rom Christ, should evoke in the latter feelings
f anger and even of hatred.
Not having power to decide the fate of the
)jukhobors at their own free will, the churcii
uthorities, who wish to distroy them, sought to
iscredit them before the civil power, which
lone could inflict punishment. In the case of
le Doukhobors, the same thing was re[)eated
hich wa.s first seen in Christian history when
hrist was libelled by the Jewish high priests
efore Pilate, and which still continues in Rus-
a to-day in the case of all the so-called sec-
jirians, whom the representatives of the E.stab-
ished Church try to represent as political crimi-
iftls— accusing some of Socialism, some of de-
ftuchery, and others of anarchism, etc.
j Although these revolting libels are in con-
■adiction to the whole teaching and life of the
toukhobors, people have always been found
iho readily believed such reports. The Russian
'overnment believed them, and consequently
flicted cruel punisiiments on the Doukhobors.
t the end of the last century large numbers
I'them were imprisoned and sent to penal ser-
tude, where they were beaten to death. Only
\e Emperor Alexander I. forms an e.Kception.
listrustiug the reports and libels against the
oukhobors he appointed a special Commission
, investigate the movement; and when the
omraission, after careful investigation, reported
at tiie Doukhobors were neither rebels nor
jlitical criminals, but peaceful, honest, sober,
id good people, he issued more than one ukase
lifending them from the fanaticism of the priests
S d from persecution at the hands of the local
ministrators. In contradiction to the de-
mands of the Archbishop Job of Ekaterinoslaff,
ho slandered the Doukhobors and demanded
■eir banishment, and, in general, that rigorous
easures should be taken for the destruction,
i his words, of "so harmful, offensive to God,
jid soul-destroying a heresy," Alexander I., in
is ukase of ninth December, 1816, addressed to
ve Military Governor of Kherson, wrote :^" Is
iseemly for an enlightened Christian Govern-
]ent to turn wanderers back to the bosom of tiie
*iurch by cruel and harsh means — tortures,
inishments, and so forth? The teaching of
le Saviour of the world. Who came on earth
1 seek and save those who were lost, cannot
1 instilled by violence and executions, and
(nnot minister to the extinction of those it is
(sired to recall to the way of Truth. True be-
If is instilled by the grace of the Lard through
ysuasion, teaching, mildness, and good exam-
12S. Cruelty convinces no one, but rather
Irdens them. All the rigorous measures which
lire exhausted on the Doukhobors during the
tirty years preceding the year 1801, so far
lim destroying that sect, more and more in-
(3ased the number of its followers. All these
c'cumstances show clearly enough that it is
I w meet not to consider any project for a fresh
Inishment of these people, but rather to think
c defending them from all excessive exactions
c account of their difference of opinion in
utters of salvation and conscience, with re-
t-ence to which neither compulsion nor op-
isssion can ever have any part." The same
-:exander I. decreed that the Doukhobors
sjuld be allowed to return from banishment
ad from prison, and granted them permission
t emigrate from various parts of Russia to the
"lolotchniya Vodi," in the Tavritchiski Gov-
eiment. But when, in the reign of Nicholas
Ithe enemies of the Doukhobors renewed their
ciuranies and denunciations, the Emperor be-
1 ved them, and by his orders, in the forties.
the Djukhobors were torn from their homes
and setlhinient, and moved, as criminals, to the
" Wet Mountains" in the Caucasus.
H )w unfounded were the accusations of riot-
ing, debauchery, and all kinds of crime brouglit
against the Doukhobors, may be seen, in addi-
tion to other evidence, by the fact that, living
in the Ciucasus during the two following reigns
of Alexander It. and Alexander III., which
lasted for half a century, the Doukhobors were
not found guilty of any one of the crimes of
which they have been accused, and which would
certainly have appeared had they been habitual
to them. B'jt, on the contrary, by their peace-
ful, honest, temperate, and industrious life, the
Diukhobors earned the general respect not only
of their Russian neighbors and of the Circassian
mountaineers, but even of the representatives
of the military and civil power, with whom they
were in excellent repute.
The locality to which the Doukhobors were
banished by Nicholas I. is situated in what now
is the Akhalkalaksky District of the Tiflis Gov-
ernment. It was expected, as is mentioned al-
ready in the Ordinance of the Committee of
Ministers of sixth February, 1826, that here,
in the vicinity of Turkey and Persia, surround-
ed by warlike tribes, who at that time had not
yet been subdued, and who continually com-
mitted raids on the Russian settlements, the
Dnikhobors would not be able to maintain
their principle of not resisting evil by violence;
and that, in any case, the damp and unfavora-
ble climate and the extremely unproductive
soil of the locality assigned to them would pre-
vent their increasing in numbers or again col-
lecting v/ealth. But these expectations of the
Government were not realized ; and we have
here once more an illustration of the incredible
physical obstacles which can be surmounted by
people who live a moral life.
Notwithstanding the exceptionally unfavora-
ble conditions in which the colony of Douk-
hobors was situated, they, to the astonishment
of everyone, began to flourish; and their num
bers, after a time, increased si> largely that they
were crowded for room, and the surplus popu-
lation emigrated, partly to the Elisavetpol G )v-
ernment, and partly to the recently acquired
district of Kars. But having grown rich, that
fate befel the Djukhobors which usually befalls
people who try to serve two masters — -God and
mammon. Under the influence of material pros-
perity they degenerated morally. Influenced by
avarice, they began to go to law in the Govern-
ment courts; in order not to be interfered with,
they bribed the local authorities, who, in the
Caucasus, are almost all venal ; for tlie mainten-
ance of external order tbey appointed leaders
amongst themselves, who inflicted punishments
by force ; and having lost their manly firmness,
they began ti enter the military service when,
in the reign of the Emperor Alexander III.,
this was demanded of them. They began also
to smoke, to drink, and to keep arms for the
defence of their riches. But although they
temporarily, in external life, renounced the de-
mands of their faith, yet in tiieir inner con-
sciousness they never abandoned their funda-
mental principles; and consequently, as soon
as events disturbed their material well-being the
religious spirit which had guided their fathers
reawoke within them.
The apparent cause of their religious revival
was the circumstance that after the death, nine
years ago, of the woman Kalmykova, who was
their leader, her relations and their adherents,
I by bribing the local authorities, arranged mat
ters so that the communal funds of the Douk-
hobors were declared to be the private pro[)erty
of the deceased, and then-fore had to pass, as
an inheritance, to the nearest relations of Kal-
mykova. This revolting injustice si)lil the Douk-
hobors, in 1887, into two parlie.s. One, the
"large party," consisting of fifteen thousand
people, demanded that the communal money
should be refunded, and acknowledged as their
leader Kolmykova's former assistant, Peter Veri-
giu, whom, before dying, she had appointed to
be her successor; the "small |)arty," consisting
of the other five thousand peo(ile, took the side
of those who had obtained the communal funds,
and tried in every way, especially by accusa-
tions to the Government ami bribes to its repre-
sentatives, to ruin Verigin and his followers.
Outwardly they succeeded in this. Verigin
was banished to the extreme north, and bis
nearest friends suffered a similar exile. But
the evident injustice of this persecution pro-
duced the most beneficial spiritual results on
Verigin, his friends, and on the "large party"
of the Doukhobors.
.4. Letter from Ciiarle-s Dingle to nis
Daughter Martha, while Teaching
School at New Garden, Ohio.
Affectionate Daughter : — In reading one of thy
late letters to thy sister H., I found that thy
remote situation, separated from thy near con-
nections and associates in these parts proved
considerably trying to thee, which impressed
my mind with sympathy, but nevertheless af-
forded satisfaction in finding it had a tendency
to promote in thy mind serious thoughtfulness,
which caused thee to express some tender feel-
ings which had taken place in one of thy soli-
tary walks. I was glad to find thou had such
walks or opportunities of solitude, and ray de-
sire for thee is that thou may more and more
be concerned to cultivate and cherish this dis-
position. Then, no doubt, it will produce de-
licious fruits of retirement, which will far exceed
all the trifling waste-time pursuits and creaturely
gratifications which so much and so easily beset
and mislead many of the children of men. Well
assured I am, it is for want of a true sense of
the unspeakable loss sustained in being diverted
from, and divested of, this sweet, soul-enlivening
enjoyment, which, indeed, is to be found in fre-
quent and fervent retirement. Yea, this is the
direct path that leads to the banqueting-house,
where we shall oft find (as we are thus concerned
to be fitted for it) admission, and the banner
over us to be love. This is a prize worth leaving
all to obtain. Thus the spiritual life, by virtue
of a Divine influence, comes to have dominion
in us, and our ability increases to hold converse
with the spiritual appearance of Him who will
become the chiefest among-^t ten thousand. And
thus, as we are concerned to draw near to Him
in secret, we shall be induced to acknowledge
that one hour in his presence is better than a
thousand elsewhere. Yea, how doth this ex-
perience enlarge and sweeten, not only our spir-
itual life, but also our temporal enjoyments of
the good things of this life. Yes, we shall soon
find that it is good for a young man, and of
course for a young woman, or, indeed, for any
of us, to sit alone and keep silence, not only as
to the outward, but, as much as may be, from
every hindering, obtruding thought, save only
in a hope and reliance on Him who hath said,
"Ask and it shall be given you ; seek and ye
shall find; knock and it shall be opened unto you."
And when we have found this hid and heavenly
treasure, how are we convinced that we have
260
THE FRIEND.
been diverted by vain shadows, and feeding, as
it were, on husks, and all for want of returning
to the Father's house, where there is bread
enough and to spare.
Oh, saith my soul, may we leave all and tol-
low Him in the way of his requiring. So shall
we inherit substance and be in possession of that
peace which the world cannot give. Yet the
effectual means is plainly pointed out by the
lip of Truth, that, to be faithful in the small
requirings, to do, or otherwise not to do, such
thincs which the awakened soul finds the dis-
covenes of Truth are for, or against. This being
the case, we begin to find the efficacy of the
Divine gifts ; faith springs up, yea, that faith
which works by the love of God to the purify-
ing of the heart, and thus the soul is enabled to
triumph over the fear of death, hell and the
grave, which must, indeed, be the combined
king of terrors to all such who are destitute of
the^operation, more or less, of this essential
means of salvation ; for it is declared that, with-
out it, it is impossible to please God, but with
it, although it may be small, represented as a
grain of mustard seed, yet, as we are concerned
to cherish and cultivate it in the field or garden
of our hearts, how it will enlarge, branch out
and bring forth of its prostrating and soul-
cleansing productions, whereby we shall become
rich in faith and good works. This is the way
to lay up treasure in heaven, where we have
security given that it is out of the reach of dan-
ger, then, O then, how will it yield us a more
heartfelt satisfaction than any other, for where
our treasure is, there will our heart be also.
And thus a change is wrought in us, as repre-
sented by our sovereign Lord, who beautifully
illustrates it by the well-known operation of
leaven, which a woman hid in three measures of
meal, till all was leavened. But why in three
measures of meal ? This affords a lively type,
if I conceive aright, of our three-fold capacity
of body, soul and spirit. And as we become
passive, and do not counteract its heavenly
operations, but become co-workers with it, how
it will effect a change throughout. Even the
body will participate, in measure, of its Divine
influence, so as to control, subject, yea, and con
siderably to abate the natural and carnal pro
pensities which lead astray and make work for
repentance. But it is to be feared it too often
happens, a right application, from a true sense
and sorrow for error, is neglected and put by
until a more convenient season. And thus we
are in danger of letting the time allotted us pass
by unimproved, until this sorrowful situation
overtakes us. " The harvest is past, the summer
is ended, and we are not saved" (Jeremiah, viii :
20).
Dear daughter, the draught of my mind hath
led me to communicate serious considerations
to thee, which, I hope, if it affect thy mind in
reading (and the impression is lasting) as it has
mine in writing, it will answer the de.sire of thy
affectionate father for thy welfare, more especi-
ally as relates to that never-ending duration
which time only separates us from.
Charle-s Dinglk, Sr.
Seventh Month 30lh, 1809.
was by her side. With gruff voice and threat-
ening"nianner he demanded :
" What are you carrying off in your apron .'
The woman seemed embarrassed and refused
to answer. Thereupon the officer of the law,
thinking that she had doubtless picked up a
pocket-book, which she was trying to make way
with, threatened to arrest her unless she told
him at once what she had in her apron.
At this the woman reluctantly unfolded her
apron and disclosed a handful of broken glass.
In stupid wonderment the policeman asked :
"What do YOU want with that stufl?"
A flush passed over the woman's face, then
she answered simply, " If you please, sir, I just
thought I'd like to take it out of the way of the
children's feet."
Blessing's on the kind-hearted care-taker who
IS so thoughtful of the children's feet. And
should not we imitate so good an example, and
take out of the path of the little ones anything
hich can wound them, injure them, or cause
them to stumble'!— Selected.
For " The Friend."
Spare the Children's Feet.— A ragged
wimtan was crossing the corner of a public park
in London where the children of the poor are
accustomed to play, many of them bare foot.
A policeman stationed on the corner watched
the woman suspiciously. Half way across, she
stopped and picked up something which she
hid in her apron. In an instant the policeman
GRANDMA'S PATCHWORK QUILT.
A rnotley and but meaningless—
To you a thing of sli reds
And patches — but a queer and quaint
Oltl curio, its threads
All make a clew to lead me down
The labyrinth of lime,
And set my grandma's wedding bells
Once more, for me, a-chime.
The air grows sweet, as with the breath
Of orange blossoms, and lo !
I seem to see the happy bride
And happy bridegroom go.
I all but hear the hearts that beat
Within each happy breast,
Beneath those bits of grandma's gown
And grandpa's wedding vest.
Nor is it only wedding bells
1 hear, nor orange bloom
That ails the air. The cypress hangs
All heavy o'er a tomb;
And sad and far away I hear—
Or seem to hear— the bell
That tolls abiive a lovely head
Laid low, the funeral knell.
My hand fal's tenderly, as on
A grave, whene'er 1 touch
That tear-stained bit of baby-blue ;
Tho' well we know " of such "
As she, who wore it long ago,
'■The kingdom " is, dry-eyed
We cannot see what once was hers.
The little girl that died.
And grandma tells with trembling lips
How old she'd be to-day,
Her first-born— fifty-tive— and thinks
Of childish he.art grown gray
With grief. Yet, tho' she gives to God
Thanks that her pet ne'er knew
A care, her tears still fall upon
That bit of " baby-blue."
And so she follows, one by one.
The friends of other days ;
The loved and lost come back to her
Along the patchwork maze;
And ancestors I never knew
Seem ghosts to me no more.
As grandma points the pieces out
Of garments that they wore.
Like storied stones that go to make
The names of great men shine
Thro' mists of years, these little bits
Of faded silk combine
That humbler lives be not forgot.
To many a heart you've built
A monument, O tiny blocks
Of grandma's patchwork qnilt.
6'(. Louis Globe- Democrat.
The Need of Conscientiousness as to the News^l
paper We Buy and Encourage.
The Evening Post, of New York, in its ii
of the ninth instant, had a thoughtful, and «;
far as its associate daily publications were conj
cerned, a commendably outspoken editorial
upon the subject of " The Press and JuvenU«i
Crime." It quotes a writer in the Revue d&\
Deux Mondes, Alfred Fouillee, to show ho»i
startling has been the increase of juvenile crimt^
in France since the year 1880, the ratio of sucl
increase in thirteen years being twenty-five pe
cent., as compared with eleven per cent, fo
adult criminals. In Paris, more than half th/
arrests were of offenders under twenty-one year
of age. An English writer shows that these fig
ures are typical for Great Britain and the Unitei
States also.
In probing for the causes of this increase, i
finds that, while they are doubtless numerou-
yet the "one, unmistakable cause is a crimt
loving and a crime-producing newspaper press
— quoting, in special support of this, the las
report of the New York Society for the Prever
tion of Cruelty to Children, wherein the pres
dent, Elbridge T. Gerry, says, " The first caus
of their training in vice is what may well b
called vicious journalism. Lurid stories of crinn
illustrated by vivid pictures representing crim
nals in daring and attractive attitudes ; descri|
tions of criminals arrested for gross immoral
ties, with the like pictorial illustrations. An
one conversing with children held for crim
may soon learn whence the suggestions of crico
are derived. They are only too ready to tal
on the subject, and frequently to compare the
exploits w'ith those chronicled in these new
papers." The records of the above society, tl
Evening Post adds, " show case after case whei
juvenile crime was as directly caused by new
papers as if the editors had gone out, like :
many Fagins, and taught children to pick pod
ets, fire buildings and poison food."
During twenty years or more, the compilt
of this article has sought to show, by tracts an
by very many contributed articles, the direi
connection between pernicious reading matte
with immoral and brutalizing pictures, and tl
commission of crime. Until within quite a fe
years, however, the daily newspaper had not i
much attraction for the lad under sixteen, i
fatuated with criminal-heroic ideals, as had tl
sensational story paper, the dime novel andtl
detective library, so called. The vicious illu
trations of criminals and their bad deeds, no
so common in the dailies, have tended to brir
the latter and the sensational story paper pu '
lication much more on a par. Nevertheless, tl
reading-matter of the latter, purposely throw
into short paragraphs, easily apprehended, fiUi
with slang and constant references to the polr
and pistols, presents special attractions for tl
boy of low or warped moral calibre. In "A
Examen of the Boys' Job of Train Derailine
near Rome, N. Y." contributed by the writ(
about a year ago, to the Episcopal Becordi
occurs the following suflaciently convincing illi
tration, I think, of the connection noted :
"All of the party denied that they had be
drinking, but said they were in their soh
senses, and they wrecked the train because
was a purpose which they had long cherishe
and which they foolishly believed they cou
safely execute after the fashion of some of t
' heroes' of whom they had read. This w
plainly enough substantiated by the evidence
ihird Mo. 6, 1897
THE FRIEND.
201
lie officer who went to the room of the boy,
iristol. He was found lying on a bed. On a
bair by the bedside was a yellow-covered vol-
me giving the adventures of the James boys,
ank and train robbers. The officer said to the
oy, as he took him in charge, that such stories
'ere very exciting. Bristol said, yes, but he
lought they were a pack of lies. In the room
■ the leader, Hildreth, were found a revolver,
•veral packs of cards, ' blood andthunder' nov-
s, boxing-gloves, etc. The novels found were
ublished by , of New York City. One of
lem bears the startling title ' The Last Dark
'eeds of the James Boys; or, The Great Rob-
jry on the Rock Island Road.' On the outside
I:' the back cover is a list of over one hundred
bvels relating to the James boys.
"This is the kind of trash," says the Rome
litor, "that the young train wreckers were
udof reading, and which inflamed their minds
^d turned their weak brains to such an extent
\&t they worked themselves up to commit a
•■iminal deed that stands without a parallel in
ie history of the country."
i Dozens, if not hundreds, of the daily and reli-
ous papers of the land made similar acknowl-
Igment. The Rome train derailment case, with
3 tragic and fatal accompaniments, and all the
irect evidence as to cause and effect which it
ipplied, brought with it at least the shock of a
inch needed awakening.
■ Going back to the editorial in the Evening
'ost, the writer makes some remarks on homi-
'dal mania, as induced by lurid pictures and
!3tails of assassination, expresses the view that
the American press is the worst in the world
5 the recorder and provoker of crime," and
■kes issue with Elbridge T. Gerry that it (the
ress) has never yet disregarded an appeal
based on principles of public morality and
Liblic decency." He is forced to believe, by
'hat he has observed, that the money argument
as much more weight than exhortation.
"We do not propose," he impetuously con-
udes, " to waste any breath on newspaper pro-
rietors. It is to the general public, to the
hristian men and women who buy their daily
)ison,to the business men and philanthropists
ho keep their wretched and infectious sheets
ive by advertising in them, that the appeal
lould be made. Theirs is the responsibility,
id in their hands is the remedy."*
That is a bold breaking away from a slavish
editorial courtesy," and a note of dissent from
■quarter where it has long been greatly needed.
. is likewise a pointing to the practical remedy
;ces8ary to be laid hold of by a very large
jmber of advertisers and readers, before there
ID be any improvement in the make-up of our
lily papers generally. Most of the morning
lilies of Philadelphia issue their papers on the
rst day of the week the same as on other days,
ith the difference that the "Sunday " issue is the
ost objectionable of the seven, and the highest
"iced. One of these, which I lately scanned,
)Dtained thirty-eight pages of matter, together
ith a twelve-page (smaller size page) supple-
ent of vulgar jest and pictured indecency,
he reading matter was of the world, its busi-
?S3, politics, sports and vanities, while many
' the advertisements were absolutely vicious.
an any serious minded person doubt that it is
■s plain duty to refuse to patronize such a sheet
-not simply the Firet-day issue, but the publi-
'* The Evening Post stands nearly alone among the
Tge dailies of the country in refusing to puMish the
counts of horse races.
cation itself? The abstention from " pernicious
reading" and from " the corru|)iing influences of
worldly associations," referred to in the third
query of our Book of Discii)line, would seem to
commend a pretty general uniformity of testi-
mony and practice in the above indicated par-
ticular. JosiAii W. Leeds.
A Coi'Y OF AN Essay of a Testimony from
Westland Monthly Meeting concern-
ing Charles Dingee, who Died the 30th
of Twelfth Month, 1815.
" Blessed are the peace-makers, for they shall
be called the children of God." " Blessed are
they who do hunger and thirst after righteous-
ness, for they shall be filled."
Fw- the sake of survivors, and as a small
tribute due to the memory of our departed
Friend, we feel engaged to give forth this short
testimony concerning him. We believe that in
the morning of his day he was acquainted with
the voice of the Shepherd of Israel; and with
his heart-tendering visitation ; and by obedience
to the discoveries of light, experienced a growth
in the ever blessed and unchangeable Truth,
and became qualified for usefulness in Society
in different respects.
Since his removal among us he was reap-
pointed to the station of an elder, which place
he filled so much to the satisfaction of his
friends, that in the remembrance of him, the
language of Holy Writ occurs, "The path of
the just is as a shining light, that shineth more
and more unto the perfect day."
His death was sudden, having spent a part of
the evening preceding his close according to his
usual practice in devotional retirement (as we
apprehend), he afterwards prepared to take his
natural rest, laid down in apparent health and
in a little time expired, having attained to the
sixty-fourth year of his age.
For "The Friekd."
"The memory of the just is blessed."
'■ The fathers where are they, and the prophets
do they live f irever?"
These passages seem appropriate to the mem-
ory of our dearly beloved Friend, Samuel F.
Balderston.
His careful and consistent Christian walk in
life among us, and his constant desire to live in
peace and love with all men, and to the glory of
his Divine Master, seem to make it incumbent
upon survivors that some memoranda should be
preserved of him — for such examples are rare.
He was the son of Ely and Esther Balder-
ston, and was born in the city of Baltimore,
the twenty-second of Eleventh Month, 1810.
His parents, grandparents and great-grand-
parents were members of the Society of Friends,
and included among them several who were
worthy elders and gifted ministers.
He was of a tender conscience and spirit from
childhood, and was mercifully kept from viola-
tion of the moral law, although he deeply felt,
very early in life, the tendency to sin, and the
need of Divine help to overcome it.
He was sent to Westtown School when in his
eleventh year, and remained there for two years.
His recollection of this time and the attachment
formed for some of the teachers and scholars
continued to be a source of pleasure to him
through life. While at the school a sermon
preached by Samuel Bettle, Sr., had a powerful
effect upon his heart, which was never dissi-
pated. In his seventeenth year he consciously
and understandiugly relinquished worldly hon-
ors and hopes, ami accepted the rule of the
meek and lowly One, whom he receiveil and
obeyed as Redeemer, Prophet, Priest and King,
as his wisdom, righteousness, .sanctification and
redemption. By obedience to this light and
leading he followed Him unfalteringly through
his long life.
He served an apprenticeship to the leather
business, but did not pursue it on account of
the great reverses in business suffered by his
father, who was reduced from affluence to the
condition of a bread-earner, and obliged to start
life anew. Samuel then learned the wall-paper
business, which he conducted in connection with
the queensware business with his father, in
Frederick, Md.
When nineteen years of age he felt it to be
his duty to put on a plain dres.s, which he did,
and with this change gave up everything which
interfered with a consistent maintenance of the
princii)les of the Society of Friends, to which
he was ever after a devoted adherent, believing
that they represented the pure teachings of the
Gospel of Christ.
About this time he first appeared in testimony
in meetings, and was recorded a minister at the
age of twenty four years.
In 1833, following the leadings of duty, he
went to Frederick County, Virginia, and taught
school. He then went to Ohio, where he was
similarly employed for one year. Returning to
Virginia in 1835, he was married the same year
to Martha Ann Griffith, at old Ho|)ewell fleet-
ing House. She was the daughter of John and
Rachel Griffith, both honored elders, and greatly
beloved in that State. She proved to be a true
helpmeet to her husband in every way, and was
enabled to be deeply baptized with him in the
many and varied exercises which were permitted
to come upon him as a minister of Jesus Christ.
He continued teaching in Virginia until 1846,
when he removed to Bellefonte, Pa., and took
charge of the Academy there, where he con-
tinued for three years, having among his schol-
ars the Curtius, Valentines, Thomases, etc., who
retained a great respect for him.
He was unusually well qualified for teaching,
combining great gentleness with firmness, and
gained both the r^^spect and affection of his nu-
merous pupils. He managed, without difficulty,
large boys and )'oung men who had defied pre-
vious teachers, and, at Bellefonte especially,
brought a state of disorder and rebellion into
order and discipline.
When visiting Virginia he was always called
upon by some of his old pupils, now prominent
men and active in the business and politics of
that State, who remembered him and his influ-
ence over them with affection and gratitude.
In the summer of 1848 he made a vi^it to
Virginia, travelling with his wife and four small
children in a carriage f there being then no other
mode of conveyance). The trip occupied a
week each way upon the road.
In the spring of 1849 he removed, with his
family of six children to Philadelphia, settling
in the limits of the Northern District Monthly
Meeting, which he continued to attend diligently
throughout his life, never omitting the attend-
ance of week-day meetings, whatever the pres-
sure of business might be.
He seldom attended meetings other than his
own, feeling that, while duty led some to visits
in Gospel love more or less extended, it was his
])lace to remain at home and minister to the
flock there, as such service might be required.
He was favored to attain to an introversion
of spirit in meeting to such a remarkable degree
that, although oppressed with cares all his long
262
THE FRIEND.
life he repeatedly said, " These were never al- I for us all, that we may be preserved uuto the
' . ^^ . -. ■'i . ■ __ .1 u:., — A ^-f «.,« -^riTTc? .ar>/1 of loaf onfop irifn c»^P^nal
lowed to hinder his communion and worship
there."
He was a diligent reader of the Holy Scrip-
tures, making them his daily companion, and
was more familiar with their contents than most
Bible students, being able to locate almost any
verse or incident that might be inquired for at
any time. He was quite conversant with the
writings and Journals of Friends, and had
printed and largely distributed, at different
times, extracts from the writings of George Fo.\-,
William Penn, John Woolman and others ;
also from the sermons of Stephen Crisp and
Samuel Fothergill, besides several papers of his
own composition. He was also acquainted with
many of the best authors, both ancient and
modern, from whom he often quoted.
While diligent iu business he was fervent in
spirit, serving the Lord, doing all things as in
his sight, and as unto Him.
In the exercise of his gift as a minister, he
was dignified, earnest, clear, forcible and con-
vincing, ever having an eye single to the glory
of God. He rarely repeated in his sermons any
part of a former communication, but brought
forth from the treasury matter both old and
new, often quoting some extracts from pious
authors to elucidate his subject. In the last
sermon, at his own meeting, in Ninth Month,
1893, he quoted these lines:
Wide as the world is God's command,
Vast as eternity his love.
Firm as a rock his Tiuth shall stand
When rolling years shall cease to move.
He always regarded public prayer as a ser-
vice of the greatest importance.
Samuel F. Balderston left but little written
matter expressive of his own exercises and feel-
ings, except a few letters, mostly addressed to
his children.
In one, written in 1880, he says, " This morn-
ing, as I lay reflecting, I felt my strength re-
newed in the omnipotence of God. Omnipotence,
what a word to dwell upon ! And what a mercy
inexpressible, that we may lean upon Him, yes,
' Lean upon Hiai on whom archangels lean.'
" I am renewed ly convinced that the more we
seek for and trust in Divine aid and power the
more we shall receive it from Him.
" ' Let every one's faith stand in the power of
God,' was the constant language of George
Fo.^. And truly, there is no other help, n(
other support but in his power and goodnes;
and mercy, manifested to mankind in his Son,
to whom He bare this record on the Mount:
'This is my beloved Son. Hear ye Him.'
Through many and varied trials and vicissi-
tudes, for fifty-three years, this has been my
support, ray help, my hope, my trust."
In a letter of another date he writes:
" Greatly do I desire your present happiness,
which can only be found in true wisdom's pleas-
ant way.s, but far more do I desire for you, and
for us all, that when the curtain shall be drawn
and eternity shall open upon us, we may all be
gathered safe into the heavenly garner, even
into that holy and heavenly city whose walls
are salvation, and whose gates are everlasting
praise. A city which needeth not the light of
the outward sun nor of the moon to shine in it,
but the Lord God and the Lamb are the light
thereof. I find as I draw nearer to the close of
life, an increasing desire for myself, and for all
dear to me, that we may all be permitted to join
with the innumerable multitude in singing the
song of Mojes and the Lamb. My soul bows
before the Eternal Majesty on your behalf, and
end of our days, and at last enter into eternal
rest and peace."
Toward the close of life our dear Friend was
afflicted with the total loss of sight, and an ill-
ness continuing nearly a year and a half, during
which he manifested great patience and uttered
many weighty expressions.
He departed this life the fifth of First Month,
1895, in the eighty-fifth year of his age, having
been an acceptable minister nearly sixty years,
and we doubt not has joined the just of all
generations.
The Devil's Missionary Work. — The
American Issue quotes from the note-book of
one who was present at a meeting of the Ohio
Liquor League some years ago, these words
from an officer of the League who, when dis-
cussing and citing the conditions of success in
the trade, remarked:
" It will appear from these facts, gentlemen,
that the success of our business is dependent
largely upon the creation of appetite for drink.
Men who drink liquor, like others, will die,
and if there is no new appetite created, our
counters will be empty, as will our coffers. Our
children will go hungry, or we must change
our business to that of some other more re-
munerative.
" The open field for the creation of this appe-
tite is among the boys. After men are grown
and their habits are formed, they rarely ever
change in this regard. It will be needful
therefore, that missionary work be done among
the boys, and I make the suggestion, gentlemen,
that nickels expended in treats to the boys now,
will return in dollars to your tills after the ap-
petite has been formed. Above all things create
appetite !'
This is the kind of " missionary work" done
by the fifty-five thousand eight hundred and
seven bartenders and seventy-one thousand four
hundred and twelve saloon-keepers who act as
Satan's missionaries in the dram-shops of this
country. Could Satan himself show greater
and more malignant craft? What are you do-
ing to hinder it?
Is it not time that Christians do a little mis-
sionary work iu the same " open field ?" Who
will help? The people should be taught, the
young should be warned, the unwary should be
cautioned. Cheap illustrated literature should
be scattered everywhere to show the dangers of
indulgence in strong drink and guide the young
in paths of truth and soberness.
A LETTER from Augustine, Fla., is published
in The American Journal of Science, which tells
of the body of "an immense octopus" thrown
ashore some miles south of that city. Nothing
but the stuuip of the tentacles remained, as it
had evidently been dead for some time before
being washed ashore. The body measured eigh-
teen feet in length by ten feet in breadth. Its
immense size and condition prevented all at-
tempts at preservation. Prof A. E. Verrill
says that the proportions given indicate that
this may have been a squid-like form and not
an octopus. The " breadth" is evidently that
of the softened and collapsed body, and would
represent an actual maximum diameter in life
of at least seven feet, an<l a probable weight of
four to five tons for the body and head. These
dimensions are decidedly larger than those of
any of the well-authenticated Nevvfoundlaud
specimens. It is perhaps a species of Architeu-
(his. Professor Steenstrup recorded many years
ago a species of this genus {A. dux), taken iii
1855 in the West Indian seas, but his exampli
was much smaller than the one here recordeds
— Late Paper.
A Vision.
A minister of the Society of Friends, whilsil
on a religious visit to Russia, had the following)
experience. He says : —
" While in the Transcaucasus my mind hacj
been much exercised about Princess anc|
her son, dear Christian people of the Greeli^
Church. He was a fine young man of abouu
twenty years of age, who, on the occasion
our taking a meal at his mother's house ii
Northern Russia, had pleaded in the lovinji
earnestness of his heart for what I felt thd
Spirit of the Lord condemned. As my thoughti(
turned toward them, while lying awake on mj|
bed one night, it seemed as if the Saviour apii
peared and beckoned to me, and I rose up anC;
followed. We came shortly to a large gateway^
over which was written in bold letters:
"'The earth is the Lord's, and the fulneai^
thereof: thou shalt worship the Lord thy God
and Him only shalt thou serve.'
" We passed through into a beautiful garden ;
where were all manner of shrubs,
flowers, ' pleasant to the sight and good foi
food.' The air was balmy, and there w
clear brightness that did not dazzle; the son^
of birds and hum of happy life caused a sweet*
ness of harmony that cannot be described ; noth
ing jarred or disturbed the perfection of th«i
whole. We passed on, through paths of beautj
that seemed endless, till we came to a raoW)
open part, where were erected large and magi
nificent buildings, judged by a sense I hao
once known, but which now looked nothinji
more than the toy buildings I made when J;
was a boy with my little wooden bricks. Onti
of these was called the ' Greek Church,' another
the ' Roman Catholic,' and another the 'Angli
can,' while spreading in all directions were s
ler buildings of a similar kind, but all ]
ly erected for the same object. From some o;
them music was issuing that some might con-i
sider the perfection of harmony and sound, buit
it fell dead and lifeless on the ear. We enterec^
first the ' Greek Church ;' not a seat was vacanfel
and priests in gorgeous vestments were attend-*
ing to the duties of their Order; uumberlesH
candles lit up a magnificent display of colors, pici
tures, and arrangements most imposing. Dur^
ing a little lull in the service ray Compani(
called, in a voice of power, pity and love,
'Come to Me.'
A very few appeared to hear Him, but amoDf
them I noticed ray friend and her son turn
responsive look. Not one of the priests did ]
see take any notice, except that two or three
who kept their backs toward Him, were mortj
diligent in their respective employments. Wit! ;
a look of deep tenderness He turned and wen'
out, no oue following Him. Oh! that a lost
world could see that look. I have seen nothing:
to compare it to; no pen nor pencil could de-l
scribe it. We entered each building in turn j
and in each the same loving invitation fron
his lips went forth, ' Come to Me.' In some o;
the smaller and less pretentious buildings th(
proportion of those who turned a responsive
look to his tender call was much larger than it
the more showy ones, but none arose and fol
lowed. He looked sad and thoughtful, but be
neath it all could be discerned a Kingly power
" We walked on, leaving these churches be
hind us, but there was a change in all sur
bird Mo. G, 1897
THE FRIEND.
203
toundiDg; the garden, though still retaining
i)uch of its beauty, had lost its former freshness,
nd a blight and sense of oppression rested over
', and over all. Presently we came to a deep,
ide, and extensive ditch, in which were human
ones — the collection of centuries, and the out-
;ime of persecutions by the professing Church,
tany of them were fresh, and in some cases the
esh was still decaying on the skeleton. iStow
le spoke to me, as we gazed on the sad spec-
!tcle, and said, ' Bon of man, seest thou what
jiese people have done, and are still doing, in
|fy name, and for my honor?'
"Close by was a building, differing from any
,e had seen before. Over the doorway was
Iritten : ' I was in prison and ye visited me.'
s we passed through we heard the clank of
ons, and entering a cell, a prisoner, whose
■ce was radiant with joy, rose up to meet Him
i he recognized his Lord. He took his hand
bd sat down by him, and for the first time
teraed at rest. Motioning me to leave. He
lid: 'Go aud tell my Church where they will
lid Me.' "
[He Hears and Helps.— A young accountant
i New York City got his accounts entangled.
'e knew he was honest, and yet he could not
ake his accounts come out right, and he toiled
: them day and night until he was nearly
Bnzied. It seemed by these books that some-
ing had been misappropriated, aud he knew
^fore God he was honest. The last day came.
(8 knew if he could not that day make his ac-
vunts come out right he would go into disgrace
.'id go into banishment from the business es-
■blishment. He went over there very early,
'"fore there was anybody in the place, and he
lelt down at the desk and said: "O Lord,
lou knowest I have tried to be honest, but I
• nnot make these things come out right ! Help
K to-day — help me this morning!" The young
lan arose hardly knowing why he did so, opened
ihook that lay on the desk, and there was a
af containing a line of figures which explained
<erything. In other words, he cast his burden
jion the Lord, and the Lord sustained him.
InuDg man, do you hear that? O, yes, God
Is a sympathy wiih anybody that is in any
Indoftoil! He knows how heavy is the hod
< bricks that the workman carries up the lad-
(r of the wall ; He hears the pickaxe of the
inerdown in the coal shaft; He knows how
S'ong the tempest strikes the sailor at the mast-
lad; He sees the factory girl among thespin-
tes, and knows how her arms ache; He .sees
te sewing woman in the fourth story, and
liows how few pence she gets for making a
jrment; and louder than all the din and roar
( the city comes the voice of a sympathetic
(')d : "Cast thy burden upon the Lord, and
h shall sustain thee." — Talmarje.
As to Miracles.
Miracles ! Why should anybody stumble over
tjm? The world itself is a miracle. It can
I accounted for on no other basis. The scien-
tts have failed to create a world upon their
en theories. The scoffers have been non-
Ussed. The creation of the world is a mira-
c^ of miracles.
It is not the province of a daily newspaper
t dispute with theologians, but is it too much
t suggest that the miraculous foundation of
ti planetary system may very well include
rnor miracles? Why the simplest surround-
i ;s of every-day life are miracles. Open the
palm of your hand before you and then clo.^e
the finger.s. How is it done? How account for
the force unless it is of the miraculous? Every
sense is a miracle — seeing, hearing, tasting,
smelling, feeling. The air you breathe is a
miracle. The brain, which gives you power to
think, is a miracle.
What is the use of wasting time over the dis-
cussion of miracles? The fact that you are
alive is a big enough miracle itself to swallow
all these petty discussions.
The above extract brings to remembrance
the lines of Whittier: —
"A marvel seems the Universe,
A miracle our life and death ;
A mystery which I cannot pierce,
Around, above, beneath.
In vain I task my aching brain,
In vain the sages' thought I scan,
I only feel how weak and vain,
How poor and blind is man."
World-Wide Peace Progress.
A consideration of the recent world-wide
progress of Peace and Arbitration, in spite of
vast armaments, is well calculated to afford
renewed encouragement to the many earnest
workers, who on both sides of the Atlantic,
have long been striving, through evil and good
report, to promote the brotherhood of nations.
Perhaps no year of the century, now so near
its close, has witnessed more cheering signs of
this progress than the one just terminated. For
although it began amidst alarms of war and
dangers of an unusual character, yet, as the
months pass on, it was mauifest that the pacific
influences at work amongst the jieoples and
their rulers were more powerful than those
tending to strife, and that good feeling was to
triumph over wild passion.
In particular, the end of 1896 brought across
tlie Atlantic the welcome intelligence that the
very important aim of so many friends of Peace,
for many years past, namely, the establishment
aud official acceptance of a general Treaty of
Arbitration between the United States and
Great Britain has been practically attained,
and that the American Secretary of State and
the English Ambassador at Washington have
almost completed the terms of such a Treaty,
providing for the constitution of an Arbitral
body consisting of three Judges of the United
States Supreme Court aud thiee of the English
Judges, to whose decision are to be submitted
all differences which may arise between the tsvo
countries during the next five years — the pres-
ent limit of the Treaty, as an experimental
measure. It may be well believed, that having
been once tried, this Treaty will become a per-
manent institution by subsequent renewals. In
conjunction with the previous announcement,
in President Cleveland's Message to Congress,
that the Venezuela difficulty between the two
countries has also been put in the way of ^; final
peaceful solution, this event is a matter for pro-
found thaukfulness and satisfaction — a feeling '
which is intensified by the expres-ion, on the
part of the incoming President of the United
States, William McKinley, as conveyed in a
letter from him to the Pennsylvania Peace
Union, that he also rejoices in the peaceful
relations between England and America; and
he remarks with emphasis, " ]\[ost certainly the
citizens of the United States have a right to
take pride in that their country is foremost in
efforts towards arbitrating international dis-
putes."
Turning from the Western to the P^astern
Hemispliiie, wc also find increasingly pacific
conditions, almost everywhere. (Jne of the most
gratifying of these i.s the growth of more cordial
relations between Great Britian and the vast
Empire of Russia, and also between her and
her near neighbor the French Kepublic. The
once formidable " Central Asian" bogey, which
used to awaken so many fears and so much
controversy, has almost disaj)peared, by the
completion, in the last weeks of 1890, of the
delimitation of the Russian boundaries on the
confines of India and Afghanistan. The Rus-
.sian Government has shown a very conciliatory
and honorable spirit in its procedure in this
matter. The long-continued divergence of poli-
cy between Russia and Great Britain, in refer-
ence to the Ottoman Empire, also shows signs
of a closer agreement in the future. And the
French Government appears more inclined than
previously to unite in such international con-
cert. One good effect of this is already shown
by a quieter aspect of aflfliirs in Armenia — that
district whose mi.«government has been, for two
years, the source of imminent danger to the
peace of the world. The peril in that direction
has by no means jjassed away, but it has decid-
edly lessened during recent months.
One of the most desirable elements for the
promotion of International Peace, is an increas-
ing degree of amity aud co-operation between
France and Great Britain. And here also,
both President Faure and M. Hanotaux, as
Minister of State, have recently given hopeful
indications of a willingness to reciprocate any
advances which may be forthcoming from this
side of the Channel. And it is a cheering sign
that one of the most influential of Parisian
journals, the Figaro, has just published an
article in favor of more intimate relations be-
tween the two countries, an object which, it
says, is desired by the majority of the French
people and of their Parliamentary representa-
tives. Italy, although suffering grievously from
her naval ambition aud warlike aspirations in
Africa, has nevertheless concluded a peace with
her late enemies. In Asia, the two neighbor-
ing nations, China and Japan, are peacefully
settling down after their war, which has inflict-
ed serious injuries both upon the victors and
the vanquished. British India, with Burmah
and Assam, are quiescent; and so, in general,
is all the vast continent of Asia. In Siberia,
railways and commercial activity are progress-
ing apace.
Even in poor Africa, with its irritating sores
in Egypt, tlie Soudan, Zanzibar, and the South,
matters are not nearly so bad as they were a
year ago. The Matabele War is reported as
ended. The relations between the Transvaal
aud England are less strained, and in the great
island of Madagascar, afi'airs are perhaps some-
what less threatening than they were not long
ago.
The conditions of Spain as to Cuba and the
Philippines, and with that of Turkey in refer-
ence to Armenia aud the Great Powers, afford
ground for continuing anxiety, which, however,
is not so acute as it was some months ago. For
Turkey shows some signs of yielding to com-
bined European pressure, especially now that
the very unwise agitation for solitary British in-
terference has almost died away; and in Cuba
there are not wanting indications that the long
and terrible Civil War is approaching some
sort of termination.
May these remaining clouds on the political
horizon of the new year be gradually dispelled,
264
THE FRIEND.
and Peace continue yet further its world-wide
progress. But, for what has beeu already, and
especially of late, attained, there is abundant
cause to take heart and thank God. — The Her-
ald of Peace. ^
A EEMAKKABLE incident which was told me
by G. W. Taylor, illustrative of Burritt's singu-
lar mastery of languages, happened while he
was still at work at the forge in his native
town of Worcester. A vessel sailing from Bos-
ton had been cast away on oue of the South
Sea Islands, and the details of the shipwreck,
set forth iu the dialect of the island, were for-
warded to the vessel's owners, and presented by
them to the Boston insurers. The learned pun-
dits of Harvard College were thereupon con-
sulted as to this evidence, but none could un-
lock the lingual mysiery. Finally, one of them
remarking that he had heard of the notable
attainments in languages of a blacksmith over
in Worcester, a delegation was appoiuted to
proceed thither and have a talk with the man.
Eiihu was found busily at work at his forge.
Could he enlighten the professors as to those
" crow tracks" which were all a mystery to them?
Scanning the manuscript, he confessed that the
writing was one with which he was not exactly
familiar, but if they would leave it in his care
he would see what he could do with it. This
was done. Iu a short time a complete transla-
tion was forwarded, and the underwriters bein
fully satisfied as to the loss, the claim of th
owners, which amounted to thousands of dollars,
was paid. How was Burritt to be reimbursed?
The forge was again visited, and the " Learned
Blacksmith" was asked for his bill. Despite
all expostulations to the contrary, he refused
to charge any more compensation for liis valua-
ble labor than what he would have received
had he been engaged at his ordinary daily em-
ploy. However, when afterward in England
(he was appointed United States Consul at Bir
mingham in 1865), his grateful beneficiaries
settled a thousand dollar annuity upon hi
the interest of which was paid him the rest
his life.— Selected.
SUMM.\RY OF EVENTS.
United States.— The Cnited States Treasury debt
statement shows a net increase in the public debt, less
cash in the Treasury, during Second Mo., of §4,592,137.
Total ca-h in the Treasury, 5*864.338,167.
At the British Emba'isy at Washinoton, the Spanish
draft of tlie .\ngli)-Venezuelan treaty has been signed
bv Sir Julian Panncefote and Minister Andrade, and
tlie document is finally ready for submission to the
Venezuelan Congress, conforming to the constitutional
provision that it must be in the language of that
country.
On the 2Gth of Second Month the Spanish Minister
in Washington was advii-ed by Marquis de .Ahuniada
that the pardon for Julio Sanguilly had been received
from Madrid. Sanguilly was immediately released
from prison, and has since sailed for Key \Ve>t.
The Indiana Supreme Court has decided that women
have no right to vote under the present State Consti-
.V law making all contracts payable in gold non-
collectible and void, passed bith branches of the Ok-
lahoma Legislature last week.
Efforts are making, to sell to the Government, for
^ofifiOO, the farm of 112 acres, near Hodgenville, Ky.,
on which .\brahain Lincoln was born.
\ number if people in New York have formed a
club called the Mycolcgical Club, which, as its name
indicates, will have for its objects the " dassilication
and identification of the larger fungi of the Unite I
Stale* ; the study of edible mushrooms and toadstools,
and also the poi.sonous varieties, and to arouse a wider
interest in economic foo<ls."
.-V Salt I^ke City despatch says that a volcano has
burst forth in the Great Salt Lake.
Meehan's Monthly says that since the movement for
len spaces started in Philadelphia ten years ago,
■enty-seven small parks have been esiablished.
Caroline Woods died in St. Louis on the 24ih ult.,
at the age of 123 years. It is said that her mental
faculties were unimpaired. She was married in Louis-
ville in 1800.
Deaths in this city last week numbered 5o4, which
is 24 more than the previous week, and 62 more than
the corresponding week of 1890. Of the foregoing, 297
were male* and 257 females: 125 died of pneumonia ;
58 of consumption ; 45 of heart disease ; 22 of apoplexy ;
20 of diphtheria; 19 of convulsions; 18 of old age; 14
of bronchitis; 13 of inflammation of the kidneys; 13
of inflammation of the brain; 12 of inanition ; 11 of
whooping cough ; 10 of influenza (laGrippe) ; 9 of ma-
rasmus ; 7 of inflammation of the stomach and bowels,
and 9 from casualties.
Markets, &c. — U. S. 2's, 95 a 97; 4's, reg., lllj a
112J; coupon, 113 a 113J; new 4's, 122J a 123; 5's,
llSl a 114; currency 6's, 103 a 106.
Cotton. — Middling uplands oiBciallv quoted at7i^c.
Feed.— Spot bran ranged from $12.75 to $13.50 per
ton for winter in bulk, and $12.50 a $13.00 for spring
in sacks.
Flour.— Winter super, $2.55 a $2.80; do., extras,
$2.90 a $3.20; Pennsylvania roller, clear, $4.10 a $4.25;
do., do., straight. $4.25 a $4.40 ; Western winter, clear,
$4.10 a $4.25; do., do., straight, $4.25 a $4.40; do.,
do., patent. $4.50 a $4.65 ; spring, clear, $3.65 a $3.80 ;
do., straight, $4.00 a $4.25 ; do., patent, $4.30 a $4.45 ;
do., favorite brands, higher. City mills, extra, $3.05
a $3 30; do., clear, $4.05 a $4.30; do., straight, $4.30
a $4.50 ; do., patent, $4.55 a $4.80. Bye Flour.—
$2.75 per bbl. for choice Pennsylvania. Buckwheat
Flour.— $1.15 a $1.25 per lOO' pounds, as to quality.
Grain.— No. 2 red wheat, 86 a 86ic.
No. 2 mixed corn, 26 a 26|c.
No. 2 white oats, 23 a 23Jc.
Beef Cattle. — Extra, 4| a 5c.; good, 4' a 4|c.;
medium, 4} a 4ic.; common, 4 a 4ic.
Sheep and Lambs. — Extra, 4J a 4|c.; good, 4 a 4}c.;
medium, 3j a 3|c.; common, 3 a 3^0.; lambs, 4 a 5|c
Hogs. — 'Best Western, 5i a 5|c.; common sorts, 5^ a
5Jc.; State, 4} a 5c.
Foreign — England's total foreign trade in 1896
amounted to $3,126,315,395, while our own reached
only $1,642,925,161.
Not a single ship bearing the United States flag
passed through the Suez Canal last year, ace irding to
the report of the Consul at Cairo, although the traflic
aggregated nearly $16,000,000. Two-thirJs of the ves-
sels usins the water-way were British.
Great Britain favors the establishment of adminis-
trative autonomy in Crete, and believes that, subject
to such system, Crete ought to remain a portion of the
Turkish Empire. Notice has been sent to the Powers
to this effect.
It is said that King George and his cabinet declare
that it is impossible for them to recall the Greek
troops from Crete. They are resolve 1 to maintain
their present policy. The proposal of the Powers is
regarded as a precarious make-shift, which will not
end the crisis. The blockade of Crete by the foreign
warships is being strictly maintained.
and the refugees, fully 25,000 persons. Provisions ar
very scarce and a famine is imminent. Large nnmbe;
of the refugees are already dying of starvation, and
was knowledge of this fact that led Korakas, the Gret
leader, to issue his order permitting the cultivation c
the fields near the town.
China imported 13,000,000 square feet of America
lumber last year, most of it from the States of Orego
and Washington.
A Bombay dispatch dated Second Month 23rd say
" The oflScial plague-returns for the past week show
distinct abatement in the ravages of the disease."
Advices from Delhi, India, state that in Sirsa, i
which district there is more suffering from the famitj
ban in any other section of the Southern Punjab, tli
death-rate has reached 23 per cent, of the popuUitioi
40,000 persons having died. The killing of the catt
by the Mohammedans is causing trouble with lb
Hindoos. The usurers are reaping a harvest.
The Japanese Government has decided to adopt
gold standard of currency upon a ratio of 32J to
The silver yen, or dollar, will be gradually withdraw
from circulation, and the smallest gold piece will I
of the value of five yen. The new standard will »
into operation Tenth Month next.
A New York Herald correspondent writes: "Ghee
ing admissions have been made by the Government:
to the progress of negotiations with Argentine lookir
to the settlement of the bound iry dispute with the R
public. It is stated that the Commissioners of Chi
and Argentina have arrived at a perfect understamiii
as to the boundary line through Atacama. This
highly important, as the line at this point was tl
chief bone of contention, involving relations with B
livia. If this line should be detertnined by arbiir
tion, as is now proposed, a signal victory in the ii
terests of peaceful relations with Argentina will ba\
been achieved."
Westtown Boarding School. — Applications fi
the admission of pupils to the school, and letters
regard to instruction and discipline should be a
dressed to William F. Wickersham, Principal.
Payments on account of board and tuition, ai
communications in regard to business should be fo
warded to Edward G. Smedley, Superintendent.
Address, Westtown P. O., Chester Co., Pa.
Westtown Boarding School.— For convenien
of persons coming to Westtown School, the stage wi
meet trains leaving Philadelphia 7.17 and 8.46 A. )
and 2.53 and 4.32 p. M. Other trains are met wbc
requested. Stage fare on regular trips, fifteen cen
on special trips, twenty-five cents each way. To rea.
the school by telegraph, wire West Chester Phone t
Edward G. Smedley, Sup't.
spring tei
.\pplicatio
A number of Cr
De
pui.
nave presented a mi
morial to King George, stating that they had decided
not to accept autonomy, but to continue their struggle
to realize union with Greece.
A dispatch from Constantinople says ihat many of-
ficials there declare that Turkey will never give lier
consent to the scheme of the Powers to establish au-
tonomous government in Crete.
The peace of Europe may hang upon the settlement
of the present difficulty in Crete, and the way that is
safest, that of the Powers insisting upon the island
remaining as part of the Turkish Empire, is the one
that is most unpopular to the people of all the coun-
tries whose interests are involved. If the Powers
crush Gieece the whole world will protest ; if they do
not, the peace of Europe may be imperilled. It is an
awkward situation any way it is looked at, and the most
cheering thought it suggests is that it may force a final
settlement of the Armenian question, which is such a
disgrace to modern civilization, and which would have
been settled long ago had not each great nation feared
the influence of the other. Every day the situation is
becoming more desperate, owing to the fact that
throughout the island the state of war prevents any
attention being paid to the crops. In the towns which
are besieged by the insurgents the situation is much
worse than it is in the country districts. In Heraklion
alone, where there has been a very large influx of
refugees, the outlook is very serious. There is now
in the town, counting the regular Moslem population
Westtown Boarding School. — Thi
will begin on Third Month 15ih, 1897.
for admission should be made to
Wm. F. Wickersham, Principal, Westtown, P;
Wanted.— A middle aged Friend to serve as a;
tron for the Barclay Home; to enter upon her duti
Fourth Month 1st, 1897. Application may be m:i
to The Barclay Home, 326 N. Walnut St.,
West Chester, P:
Friends' Institute Lyxeum. — The next raeeli
will be held at 140 N. Sixteenth St., Sixth-day, Thi
Month 5th, 1897, at 8 P. M.
Died, at his residence in South Norwich, Ont.,
the fifth of Ninth .Mouth, 1896, David Stover, in 1
seventy-first year.
, at his residence near New Durham, Or
twenty-fourth of Twelfth Month, 1896, in the eightif
year of his age, William B. Mason.
B'lth the above were member* of Norwich Monti
Meeting of Friends (Conservative).
, Charles H. Shoemaker, formerly of Cli
tenham. Pa., on the sixteenth of Second Month, 18'
at the home of his son, Wm. C. Shoemaker, Richmoi
Indiana, in the eighty-fifth year of his age. Dun
the last several years of feeble health, those about h
were comforted with evidences of a peaceful prep;i
tion for his final change. The promise, " Thou «
keep him in perfect peace whose mind is stayed
Thee ; because he Irustelh in Thee," was oft revn
to his comfort; and when articulation had become i:
tremely ditficull, in answer to the inquiry how he v
feeling, a few words of that Scripture gave evioei
that his mind was indeed stayed in peacefulness.^'
through his protracted decline he manifested a hum
and grateful spirit, in which he quietly passed aw
THE FRIEND
A Religious and Literary Journal.
VOL. LXX.
SEVENTH-DAY, THIRD MONTH 1:5, 189'
No. 34.
PUBLISHED WEEKLY.
i Price, if paid in advance, $2.00 per annum.
tubscriptions, payjnents and business ccnnmunicutions
received bj/
Edwin P. Sellew, Publisher,
No. 207 Walnut Place,
(South from Walnut Street, between Third and Fourth,)
PHILADELPHIA.
Articles designed /or insertimi to be addressed to
JOSEPH WALTON,
MOOBESTOWN, BURLLNOTON Co., N. J.
Entered as second-class matter at Philadelphia P. O.
lary and Letters of Deborah Brooks Webb.
(Continued from pa^e 2;JS.)
; 1874.— Twelfth Month 20th.— Ye.sterday was
le funeral of our valued Friend, Lydia Starr.
Jae passed away suddenly on the moruiiig of
le sixteenth. It seems mournful to see our
inks thinning, but it is our hope that some
lay be guided by the power of Truth and come
)rth and serve the Lord. Oh, that the young
'.ople would " taste and see that the Lord is
iiod."
I can bless thy Holy Name, oh. Lord, in that
ou givest me such a comfortable home, and
1 much peace and rest in thy presence. Two
irst-days, I have had such a heavy cold, not
i to go out to meeting, but the Lord was near,
\ my " little sanctuary in all places whither I
11." Blessed, forever blessed and holy be thy
ime.
11875.— Third Month 28th.— The new year
IS come and nearly three months of it gone
ace any entry has been made here ; but I have
id a very happy season — so pleasant and
leerful a home ; so many kind friends who
ve me. Many thanksgivings have arisen for
y comfortable, cheerful room and returning
.;alth. Since writing here, our beloved friend
homas Smedley, has been called from works
' rewards, and such is the sweet savor his name
aves, that we humbly believe he is gathered
nong the redeemed of the Lord. Our Yearly
leeting is near at hand. May the Lord be with
5.
Fifth Month 2Qd. — Here, at my kind friends,
i. and D. C. S., and I feel so thankful for the
.vor. Our Yearly Meeting has passed, and on
le whole was a comfortable one. Hannah
tratton, from Ohio, was favored in the rainis-
■y. Deborah Rhoads had a reaching testimony
•r the young.
To-day I went to Haverford Meeting ; a little
:stimony was required, " I have meat to eat
hich ye know not of." Oh, my God, be pleased
!) help me in every way, fill me with thy Holy
pirit, and preserve me from all evil; keep me
>wly, meek and watchful.
7th. — There are fields Elysian. There is a
bme for the soul, there are pleasures at his right
and, and in his presence fulness of joy. These
ords were formed in my soul during afternoon
meeting, and expressed with addition, " He
brought me into his banqueting house, and his
banner over me was love."
30th.— Still at Bryn Mawr, enjoying it very
much indeed, getting stronger all the time, and
able to be out in the open air without taking
cold so easily. On the sixteenth we went over
to Springfield meeting — a time of exercise, in
testimony and sujiplicatiou. I feel a jealous
fear over myself lest I should speak without
the true anointing. The requiring seemed there,
and I tried to obey.
Oh, ray Father in heaven, look down upon
thy dependent little one, and preserve me from
opening my mouth, unless thou alone draws
me.* Oh, that I might be filled with the Holy
Ghost and power. Keep me more lively in
spirit all the day long.
On the first of Eleventh Month, I came to S.
Mason McCollin's to board. They all seemed
very kind and interesting.
1876. — Ninth Mo. — My vacation closed and
my mind thankful for the many favors granted
during this season of rest. Visited relations in
Sandwich, Boston, Lynn, Providence, Duchess
Co., New York, and many friends besides in
these parts.
In allusion to this visit, she writes from Sand-
wich, " We have such lovely walks together
(with her sister), sometimes with the wind blow-
ing from the salt flats, and I breathe in such
mouthfuls ; it is so good. We can see a whole
reach of bay, almost a semicircle, as we go from
one cousin's bouse to another. It is interesting,
too, to realize that here my grandparents lived,
and trod upon this same ground, besides my
mother and a multitude of aunts and uncles.
Here they had their childish sports and here
led their marriage vows, preparatory to dis-
persing north, south, east and west. The meet-
ing on First-day was interesting. I could own
all that was said. It is called one of the most
"Friendly" meetings in the Quarter. It was
real pleasant last evening to see the Philadelphia
Friend. I have been brought to wonder sev-
eral times if there was not a service in my com
ing here, even though the visit was intended to
be purely of a social nature. Those who advo-
cate new things go so far that the lover of the
pure Truth cannot follow them. There is some-
thing here worth cherishing, and so I suppose
there is in parts of all other Yearly Meetings."
Tenth Month. — During this summer the great
Centennial Exhibition was held in this city, and
it was wonderful to see the good order preserved
throughout.
In a letter of Ninth Mo. 12th, she writes, "Our
meetings on First-day mornings are much visited
by strangers, probably Centennial visitors, and
they continue coming about every ten minutes
*This exercise brings to mind a somewhat similar
one in the diary of our late highly valvied friend,
Hannah Gibbons, when near the close of her length-
ened out life, and of ministry some Bfty years, she says,
on returning from a meeting in which she had spoken,
and felt some doubt as to its right authority, she wrote,
" Thou knowesl, I have never dared to open my mouth
unless I believed the iroe was in it U I did not."
I), until nearly time to close. It dues not
seem really disturbing either, for they evidently
want to know our princi()le8, and the dear Mas-
ter, who never fails in his supplies, has so far
fed them, to our humbling admiration.
On my first return to the city, the longing
desire was to rest from service for about three
weeks, but they seemed as sheep having no
Shepherd, and his com passionate love was toward
them, so what could the poor instruments do
but follow the beckonings of his hand in the
feeding of them. May many basket* full of
fragments be taken up."
Tenth Month 24th.— The following Minute
was adopted by our Monthly Meeting : " A con-
cern having been revived at this time on account
of the many deficiencies existing among us and
in us, the belief that advantage would result
in the appointment of a Committee to visit as
way may open fir it, the members of this meet-
ing, it was on deliberate consideration concluded
to separate one for this purpose, who are desired
as ability may be aHbrded, to tenderly counsel
and encourage all of our members to increased
faithfulness and dedication in the discharge of
their religious duties."
In reference to this committee, of which she
was one, she writes to a friend, Twelfth Month
17th, 1876:
"I am truly glad to hear of the appearance
of J. S. in your meeting. He is indeed a prom-
ising young man, and ma_v be an instrument of
much good — if he keeps near the Master. As
said when I bid him farewell, ' It is only
as we are kept.' So true it U, and so much I
feel it in these visits in our meeting, ' Only as
He gives wisdom, only as He opens the way,
opens the mouth, gives tongue and utterance.'
I shrink very much from making them all re-
ligious family sittings, it is so weighty, but do
feel willing to spend the time socially, and then
as our minute says, ' If way opens.' We are
greatly encouraged to believe the dear Master
is with us, and that so far the visits are ac-
ceptable."
1877. — Second Mo. 2oth. — I am at home to-
day from the eftects of a cold, and wish to com-
memorate the goodness of my God, in that He
has helped us all, through his great work.
On Third-day (Monthly Meeting) a minute
was read expressive of the exercise of the Com-
mittee, and some of us had to feel " that we
were unprofitable servants," having done noth-
ing hut what it was our duty to do. The kind-
ness with which we have been received leads us
to hope that it may do good. I think it benefi-
cial to visit by committea once in every few-
years.
She writes to a friend on the death of her
father, Fifth Month 17th, 1877 : " My heart
seems with thee so much, that I think I must
just send thee a little reminder of tender love
and svmpathy. I know what the feeling is, after
passing throiigh such a scene— how we teel in-
ward, away from the world, shut out as it were
from the "spirit, with a shrinking from ever
treading its walks again, and an earnest desire
THE FRIEND.
Third Mo. 13, 1897
to keep close to the Fountain, that the good
savor may not flee away from us. Oh ! it is an
effort to face it again, but one we have to make
under the constant feeling of needing to watch
and prav, lest we fall into temptation. I trust
you had a satisfactory time on that last occa-
sion of deep feeling. '. . . I thought so much
of him of late, and of the child-like simplicity
that seemed to he about his spirit, and remem-
ber how delightful it is always to witness it be-
fore the departure of beloved friends, it seems
like ripening for the kingdom. How conspicu-
ously it shone iu Samuel Cope. I have remem-
bered how thy parents were accessory in help-
ing the poor "slaves to freedom, and tiiought of
the truth of the passage, ' Inasmuch as ye have
done it to one of the least of these, ye have done
it unto me.' "
Eighth Month 27th. — Not unto us, oh. Lord,
not unto us, but unto thy Name, give glory for
thy mercy and for thy Truth's sake. Thou hast
been good unto thy poor child, showering down
blessings and favors all through these months
of rest. Thou hast helps d thy poor child to
speak what seemed thy will in many meetings.
I thank thee, oh. Father, for this peace.
In a letter to a friend dated Twelfth Month
oOtli. 1877, she thus wrilesof a "train of thought
which occurred to me in the night season. I
had been deeply exercised on account of some
alterations which should be made, but way did
not open for it, so of course the dear Master was
to be told, and when the soul is full, how ar-
dently we press our cause, and then conies the
satisfied rest and feeling that He knows all
and will do what is good. After this I remem-
bered the remarks by some author, 'That that
was not true prayer which did not end in still
submission.' So dear, the still submission came
to my troubled spirit and continued many days,
through the clearing clouds, until it is all ac-
complished ; and how thankful I can be now.
Here we are just on the threshold of a new
year, the past year full of goodness and mercies,
even our afflictions tempered by Him who is
touched with a feeling of all our infirmities.
. . . I do nut know whether it is good to
dwell too much on the harrowing thoughts that
come up at this season, but rather committing
our way unto Him, press onward. I can seem
to see thee, my dear, s-lowly recovering, leaning
on his arm, so desirous to walk carefully before
Him. He will accept thee and slrengtlieu thee,
80 trust and be not afraid. Dear S. E. was at
our Monthly Meeting, and so strengthening to
the laborers, I felt real thankful. Does He not
know how to hand cups of cold water?"
(Tobecontiuued.)
A FEW days before the decease of Mary Pels-
ley, she attended the Monthly Meeting at Mount
Mellick, where she was drawn forth in a won-
derful manner— that we as a ) eople were the
bidden guests, and if we make excuses too long,
our e.\cuses at length would he taken, and then
the Lord would send to the highways and
hedges, and compel others to come in ; for his
table must be filled with guests ; that a glorious
day would yet come, wherein the Lord would
bring from the east anrl from the west, and
from the north and south, and (housands and
tens of thousands would be brouiiht to sit down
with Him in liis kingdom ; and that the invited
unfaithful children of the kingdom would be
cast out.
She also had to declare that she saw (and
that in the Light), that the fields were already
white unto harvest, and the faithful laborers
but few ; so she desired that all might do their
day's work in their day, and mind the things
that belong to their peace, before it should be
hid from their eyes.
Crater Lake, Oregon.
In 1886, Captain C. E. Dutton, then on the
United States Geological Survey, first discov-
ered and brought to notice this remarkable body
of water. During the past season, J. S. Diller,
who has for some years been in charge of the
work of the survey in northern California and
southern Oregon," has supplemented Captain
Dulton's work upon the lake, and brought to
light additional facts, which altogether make it
one of the most iuteresting and instructive geo-
logical phenomena of the world.
Crater Lake is situated sixty-five miles north
of the California line, near the intersection of
the forty-third parallel and the one hundred
and twenty-second meridian, not far from the
Klamath Indian Reservation. As its name sig-
nifies, the lake occupies the bed of an extinct
volcano. It is seven thousand feet above the
sea, and is elliptical in form, with diameters of
six and a quarter and four and a quarter miles.
There is no drainage-basin emptying into it out-
side of the rim of the crater, so that the water
of the lake is wholly derived from the precipi-
tation over its surface. The lake lies nine hun-
dred and fifty feet below the surrounding rim,
with sides sloping nowhere more than forty de-
grees. There is nowhere room for a camp on
the immediate shore. From the rim the land
slopes away from the crater in every direction.
The bottom of the lake is a comparatively
level plain, from sixteen hundred to two thou-
sand feet below the surface of the water, making
it the deepest body of fresh water on this con-
tinent, if not in the world. But there is, rising
from the bottom, a subsidiary volcanic cone
which projects six hundretl and fifty feet above
the water. This and the entire rim of the crater
are composed of lava in very fresh condition.
The problem which J. S. Diller discussed at
the last meeting of the Geological Society re-
lated to the age and origin of this remarkable
lake basin. One of the most striking facts
brought to light by his investigations was that
the basin has been formed since the glacial
period, for the sides of this truncated cone,
w^ierever exposed near the rim, are covered with
glacial scratches and furrowed with shallow
depressions resulting from the erosion of pre-
glaclal water-courses. It is evident, therefore,
that in glacial times the cone was perfect, or
nearly so, running up the height of Mount Hood
or Mount Shasta, and supporting glaciers of
vast size. From many indications In the sur-
rounding valleys, it would appear that these gla-
ciers were suddenly melted by volcanic heat,
giving rise to tremendous floods.
But what has become of the portion of the
cone which has disappeared ? Was it blown
out and scattered far and wide, like that of
Krakatoa a few years ago, or did it fall inward
and disappear in the cavernous depths below?
Diller is of the opinion that the latter explana-
tion is the correct one, for there are no fragments
scattered abroad, such as would result from an
explosion. But, it will be asked, how could the
cone fall in and be so completely engulfed as it
is? Dlller's answer would be, that probably
the vast lake of lava underneath has found
some lower outlet, and been drawn oft'sufficiently
to leave the present cavity, together with suffi-
cient room to engulf the upper part of the trun-
cated cone.
With reference to the date of this eruption
nothing more can be said than that it synchro
nizes with the glacial period, concerning whicl
there Is abundant evidence that upon the Pacini
Coast It is geologically very recent, the ice no
yet having departed from the higher peaks o
the vicinity, while the indications of erosioi
since the formation of the lake are very slight
In previous papers Diller has confirmed the
surmises of Captain Dutton that there havi
been extensive volcanic eruptions and lava flow
in that region during the past two hundret
years. In some places, Indeed, these have beei
so recent that the forests overwhelmed by then
have not had time to decay, though constantli
exposed to the weather.
From "The United Friend."
A YouDg Minister of tlie Olden Time and
His Gift.
Early in the second quarter of the last cen
tury, there lived within the limits of Abingtoi
Meeting near Philadelphia, a lad by the name o
John Griffith. Welsh by birth, and of Quake
parentage, he had been attracted by the fai
reports of the province of Pennsylvania to qui
his native hills and seek a home in the ne?-
world.
Here, removed from the watchful care of hi
parents, the boy fell into some ways that wer
not good for him; but though the earthly pat
ent was not near to reprove, the Heavenly
Father did not neglect his child. By the visi
tatlons of his grace. He would have turned hiri
from the indulgence in that which was harmfu
and set his heart on better things ; but, he says
" I was very unwilling to give \ip to the call o
Christ. I could plead abundance of excuses
C(jncludlng among other things, that I was bu
young and might live a great many years ; tha
if I did take my swing a few years, I migh
[still] become religious sooner than many other
had done who were brave men In their days
I would, however — to make myself more eas;
for that time— fully determine to be a very re
ligious, good man at one time or other; but i
7niist be not yet."
The wilfulness of his heart does not seem t
have manifested itself in any marked improprit
ties of conduct, for he speaks of standing falrl;
well before men. "I was afraid to tell a lie,'
he says, " except to embellish or set off a pleas
ant or merry tale or story ; apprehending It i
great crime to tell a lie in jest. I do not i
member ever to have sworn an oath, or utteret'
a curse." He attended meetings for worship
In a perfunctory way, though what he heari'
there was to him " like water spilt upon a stone.:
" I was indeed for some time," he writes, " lik'
a heath in the desert, not knowing when gooi(
came; and if at any time the seed of God''
kingdom fell upon my heart, which was lik!
the highway ground, it was soon taken awaj*
and I presently lost the savor thereof"
One evening, when he was about nlneteeii
years of age, he was engaged in boisterous mei
ry-making with some young companions,
they carried their roysterlng to such a degree
that after retiring for the night, John felt som
sharp lashes of conscience for his part in th
affair. The thought that men are not brough
into this world for such a frivolous purpos(
was pressed home to him, and he was sobered
though his conviction did not prevent his pret
ty soon getting to sleep. He had not slept Ion;
before he was awakened by one who brough
the news that one of his merry-making con
pauions, who was in the same house, was ver
Mo. IS, 1897
THE FRIEND.
207
11 and likely to die. lu an agony of mind,
John hastened to him— the thought of the way
n whicii the evening had been niisspsnt, and
jie sudden illness that had fallen on this poor
lieud, weighing him down with distress. He
elt as though his own last hour was at hand,
ud that there was no hope of deliverance from
11 tverlasting misery.
'■ This happened," he says, " on a Seventh-day
igli[, and though the young man in his time
eciiveied, yet he was not fit to be left next day,
'hieh hindered me from going to meeting, where
was exceedingly desirous to go ; for by this
ime I was pretty thoroughly awakened to a
3use of duty, and it being a week before the like
pportunity presented to me again, it seemed
lie longest week I had ever known. O how
id I long to present myself before the Lord in
le iifsemblies of his people! that I might pour
irth ray inward cries before Him in a state of
nceie repentance and deep contrition of soul ;
•hich, through the efl'ectual operation of his
ower in my heart, I was then in condition to
" Now I clearly saw that repentance is the
ift (if God, and that his love, wherewith He
ath loved us in Christ Jesus our Lord, leads
noei-s thereinto. The fleshly will being for
le present overcome and silenced, there was a
ivini,'^ up with all readiness of mind to the
iOrd's requiriugs. There was not anything
len too near to part with for the real and sub-
antial enjoyment of the Beloved of my soul;
ir I was brought in degree to experience that
le came " for judgment into this world, that
ley that see not might see ; and that they
hich see might be made blind." I could no
)nger look uj)on my former delights with any
itisfaetion, but instead thereof had a glorious
iew of the beautiful situation of Mount Zion.
ly face was turned thitherward, and for the joy
hich was set before me, I was made willing to
ndure the cros.s of Christ and despise the shame;
nd though I became a wonder and a gazing-
ock to my former companions, I did not much
3gard it, knowing I had just cause so to be.
ly great change struck them with some awe,
)r I observed they had not the boldness to
lock or deride me before my face." . . .
When First-day came the young man went
J meeting, and it proved a memorable occasion.
Vo strangers who were present, spoke in the
linistry, and their words seemed especially ad
.ressed to his state, "j^owdid I in some de-
ree," he writes, "experience the substance of
I'hat was intended by the ' baptism of water
nto repentance; the washing of water by the
jV^ord ; and the being born of water and the
pirit.' All which would be fully seen and
iearly understood by the professors of Christi-
nity, were they rightly acquainted with the
rospel of Christ, ' which is the power of God
nto salvation, [to every one that believeth.]'
his power inwardly revealed, is alone able to
'ork that change in them without which, our
jord saith, none shall so much as see the king-
omofGod. But alas! being carnal in their
linds, a spiritual religion doth not suit them ;
)r as saiih the Scripture, 'the natural man re-
eiveth not the things of the Spirit of God, for
Jey are f jolishness unto him ; neither can he
now them, because they are spiritually dis-
2rned.' Hence it is, that professors of the
'hristian name retain signs and shadows, whilst
le substance is neglected ; pleading for the
ontinuance of ty|)es, when the anti-type is but
ttle regarded. Where this latter is experienced,
11 shadows and types vanish and come to an
eml ; as did the legal types, when (.'liri-t the
Anti-type c:ime ami introduced his dispensation,
which is altogether of a sjjiritual nature. . . .
"This administration of water by the Word
continued in a remarkable manner upon me, for
about three months, in which I found great
satisfaction, as it was accompanied with an
heavenly swcetne-s, like healing balsam to my
wounded spirit ; my heart being melted before
the Lord as wax is melted before the fire. Great
was my delight in reading the Holy Scriptures
and other good books; being favored at that
time to receive much comfort and improvement
thereby. But this easy, melting dispensation
was to give way to a more powerful one, that
the floor might be thoroughly purged, even the
baptism with the Holy Ghost and with fire.
For the former dispensation of the Lord to my
soul seemed much to resemble John's ijaptism
with water unto repentance, as being the real
thing signified thereby in order to prepare the
way of the Lord."
Under this fiery dispensation, he tells us, he
was for a time greatly distressed, believing him-
self utterly forsaken. "All the former tender-
ness was gone, and I was as the parched ground."
His mind was often beset with evil thoughts,
but he was mercifully preserved from succumb-
ing to them, though often apprehensive that he
was not so earnest as he might have been in
resisting them. " Very great," he says, " were
my temptations, and deep my distress of mind,
for about a year; in which time I was but as a
little child in understanding the way and work
of God upon me for my redemption. Yet He
who will not break the bruised reed nor quench
the smoking flax, until He sends forth judg-
ment unto victory, by his invisible power bore
up my head above the raging waves of tempta-
tion so that the enemy found he could not over-
whelm me therewith. The Lord taught my
hands to war and my fingers to fight under his
banner through whose blessing and assistance
I found some degree of victory over the beast,
viz: that part which hath its life in fleshly gra-
tifications."
But now the young man, though he could
not be drawn into sensuality, was lured into a
subtler error. So anxious was he to walk strict-
ly according to the Divine Will and deny him-
self in all things inconsistent therewith, that he
mistook certain of his own morbid imaginings
for the Lord's voice, and fancied himself divine-
ly commanded to refrain from some of the nec-
essaries of life, and to curtail his hours of natu-
ral rest. These unnatural mortifications of the
fiesh did not continue without attracting the
sympathizing notice of his friends ; and finally
a ministering Friend of the meeting to which
John belonged, was drawn to have some close
conversation with him on the subject, and so
laid bare the matter to the young man that his
eyes were opened to the delusion. The experi-
ence was a useful one, for, as he says, "I then
clearly saw that Satan in his religious appear-
ances is carefully to be guarded against, as
nothing in religion can be acceptable to God
but the genuine product of his own unerring
Spirit."
It was not long after this that John Griflith
had a view that he should be called to the work
of the ministry. Over the careless, self-indul-
gent, jest-loving youth a mighty change had
come; "my mind," he says, "being at times
wonderfully overshadowed with the universal
love of God to mankind in the glorious Gospel
of his Son, to such a degree that I thought I
could, in the strength thereof, give up to spend
and be spent for the gathering of suuls to Ilim,
the great Shepher-l of Israel, and ihil 1 could
lift up my voice like a trumpet to awaken the
inhabitants of the earth. Bui T found nil (his
was only by way of preparaliou for this im/jortant
work, and that I had not yet received a commission
to engage therein."
The lamb that had but lately strayed after
the stranger, had now come to know better the
voice of the true Shepherd, and waited to hear
it. "A fear and care were upon my mind lest
I should presume to enter upon this solemn
undertaking without a right call ; it appearing
to me exceedingly dangerous, to speak in the
name of the Lord without clear evidence in the
mind that He required it of me, which I then
fully believed He would do in his own time
[and that] was to be waited for. From this
lime until I was really called into the work, I
frequently iiad — esjiecially in religious meetings
— openings of Scripture passages, with lively
operations of the Divine jjower in my mind ;
and sometimes with so much energy that I have
been almost ready to ofier to others what I had
upon my mind. But as, through a holy awe
which dwelt upon my heart, I endeavored to
try my offering in the unerring balance of the
sanctuary, I found it too light to be offered ;
and was thankful to the Lord for his merciful
preservation in that I had been enabled to
avoid offering the sacrifice of fools. But when
the time really came that it was Divinely re-
quired of me, the evidence was so indisputably
clear, that there was not the least room to doubt."
In his human weakness he was disobedient
to the first call, but when the call was extended
again at a following meeting he yielded. We
have the record in his own words : " At the
next First-day meeting, the heavenly power
overshadowed me in a wonderful manner, in
which it was required of me to kneel down in
supplication to the Lord in a few words. I
gave way thereto in the dread of his power with
fear and trembling. After which my soul was
filled with peace and joy in the Holy Ghost,
and I could sing and make sweet melody in
my heart to the Lord. As near as I remember,
I was twenty-one years of age, the very day I
first entered into this great and awful work of
the ministry."
Thus was John GrifBth preserved from fall-
ing into the pitfall of mistaking the day of his
call ; but now another danger awaited him.
This is set forth in his journal :
"As I was enabled to wait on my ministry,
I experienced a considerable growth and en-
largement; and in a faithful discharge of duty
therein, great peace and heavenly consolation
like a pleasant refreshing stream, flowed into
my soul. I also found that it was a means of
engaging the minds of Friends in a sweet and
comfortable nearness of unity with me, which I
had never before so largely and livingly felt.
Many well minded young people, and some
others of little experience seemeil to admire
my gift, and would sometimes speak highly of
it, which they did not always forbear in my
hearing. . . . My judgment was against it ;
yet I found something in me that seemed to
have no aversion thereto, but rather inclined to
hearken to it, yet not with full approbation.
The same thing in me would want to know
what such-and-such (who were in most esteem
for experience and wisdom) thought of me. I
sometimes imagined such looked shy upon me,
which would cast me down : — all which, being
from a roof 'of self, I found was for judgment
and must die upon the cross before I was fit to
268
THE FRIEND.
Third Mo. 13, 18!
be trusted with aDV great store of Gospel treas-
ure.
" I began also to take rather too much de-
light myself in the gift; and had not Divine
goodness in mercy, by a deep and distressing
baptism, kindly "prevented, this might have
opened a door for spiritual pride, which is the
worst kind of pride, to enter in, to ray ruin. .
. . In the midst of my high career, the Lord
ivas pleased to take away from me for a time the
gift of the miniatry, and with all sensible com-
forts of the Spirit; so that I was, as I thought,
in total darkness, even in the region and shadow
of death.
"In this doleful state of mind, I was griev-
ously beset and tempted by the false prophet,
the transformer, to keep up my credit in the
ministry, by continuing my public appearances.
It might well be said of him that he would
'cause fire to come down from heaven in the
sight of men, to deceive them ; ' and so I found
it ;" Sometimes the young man would be almost
persuaded to rise and speak, but as he waited
patiently he would find it was but his own im-
agination that moved him — like sparks that go
out in the darkness — and he would keep silence.
Thus for four or five months he continued in
great distress. His friends, like Job's, had
much to say, some conjecturing one thing and
some another. But a better day was coming.
" When my gracious Helper," says the journal,
" saw my suffering was enough. He restored [my
gift] again, and appeared to my soul as a clear
morning without clouds ; everhisting praises to
his holy name! My mind was deeply bowed in
humble thankfulness under a sense of the great
favor of being again counted worthy to be in-
trusted with so precious a gift; therefore I was
careful to exercise it in great fear and awful ness,
and more in a cross to my own will than before."
An especial purpose of this account has been
to call the attention to two poiuts which are
characteristic of the views held by Friends
touching Gospel ministry. First, that the in-
ward opening of heavenly things, which are
from time to time vouchsafed to every faithful
follower of Christ who abides in Him, are not
in themselves a call to the ministry. And
secondly, after the real call has been received
and known, it must not be assumed that this
call is once for all, but that in the right exer-
cise of the ministry a fresh baptism must attend
each appearance, and be waited for.
John Griffith grew in his gift and in time
became an instrument of power in the Lord's
hands for the spread of his everlasting truth.
That his subsequent service was blessed, was,
we cannot but believe, largely due to his hav-
ing learned these deep lessons at the very he-
ginning of his Christian course, and faithfully
observed them.
Peace. — Henry VII. prefaced all his treaties
with the words, " When Christ came into the
world peace was sung, and when He went out
of the world peace was bequeathed." Jesus
said, " Bles,sed are the peace-makers, for they
shall be called the children of God."
" If there is in the affairs of mortal men any
one thing which it is proper uniformly to ex-
phjde, aud incumbent on every man, by every
lawful means, to avoid, to deprecate, to oppose,
that one thing i.s, doubtless, war. There is
nothing more unnaturally wicked, more pro-
ductive of misery, more extensively destructive,
more obstinate in mischief, more unworthy of
man as formed by nature, much more of man
professing Christianity." — Eramnus on War.
DIVINE LOVE.
BY THE LATE JOHN L. KITE, M. D.
There is a love that childhood knows,
While nestling on its mother's breast ;
Increasing as love's fountain flows,
Replete with life, while thus caressed.
There is a love the mother feels,
While vearnins o'er her precious child ;
Which grows and strengthens as she seals
That love on lips which sweetly smiled.
This is a pure, parental love,
Which glows like summer's noontide hour ;
An emanation from above,
Melting the heart beneath its power.
Love is a flower that women hide.
Yet nourish in their inmost breast ;
In men it is an ocean title,
Which bears them to earth's sweetest rest.
A love there is, that lengthens years
Of toil and sorrow learns to brave;
That sweetly dries the mutual tears
Of friendship, tottering to the grave.
There is a love true patriots feel,
Embracing all their fatherland ;
Which seeks to bless the common weal ;
Knits heart to heart, and hand to hand.
But what is chilJhood's lovely bud ?
What woman's full, expanded flower?
Parent's warm glow or manhood's flood ?
What friendship's tie ? What patriots' power ?
Compared with that Eternal Love,
That flows in one unvarying course ;
The uncreated Fount above.
Supplying its unfailing source.
That Love, whose boundless breathing fills
Creation's measureless expanse;
Beneath whose smile each creature thrills.
Warmed into being by its glance.
That Love which brought Immanuel down
To save from death a dying world ;
To gather to his Father's crown,
Whatsatan had to ruin hurled.
T'was revelation's star that showed
In Bethlehem's Babe the Incarnate Word ;
From heavenly hosts the anthem flowed.
Which hailed the birth of Christ the Lord.
In that still hour, when all was calm,
Night bidding earthly passions cease.
The watching shepherds heard the psalm.
Which ushered in the Prince of Peace.
Behold, on this auspicious morn,
Good tidings of great joy were heard ;
For unto you this day is born
A Saviour, which is Christ, the Lord.
You'll find this Healer of man's woes.
His refuge from the power of sin,
Wrapped in an infant's swaddling clothes,
Laid in the manger of an inn.
Oh, matchless love ! The blind, the lame.
To heal whose wounds that inly bled ;
Physician, Saviour, Jesus came.
Without a place to lay his head.
Love's sympathetic garb He wore
Beside the grave where Lazarus slept ;
The Jews this witness for Him bore,
'• See how He loved !" when Jesus wept.
Again, when o'er Jerusalem
He grieved because He failed to bring
Her erring children home to Him,
Like birds beneath a parent's wing.
T'was Love Divine that bore Him up.
Through years of bu Betting and pain ;
That made Him drain each bitter cup.
That man, lost Eden might regain.
No grander scene could earth afford,
Nor heaven diviner Love display.
Than was revealed when Christ the Lord
Gave for our sins his life away.
While foes their bitter scorn declare.
They found Him to love's mission true;
' Father, forgive them," was his prayer,
" For oh, they know not what they do."
The contrite malefactor's plea
Accepted was in sacrifice;
For Jesus answered " Thou shall be
To-day with me in Paradise."
" My God ! My God ! Oh why hast thou
Forsaken me," the Saviour cried ;
These cruel nails, this bleeding brow.
The gushing waters from his side.
All these the Paschal Lamb endured ;
For us a full atonement made ;
Our pardon thus his blood secured ;
He for our sins the ransom paid.
When stretched upon that bloody cross,
Immanuel yielded up his breath ;
Earth tremblingly confessed its loss,
And open threw the gates of death.
For us He died that darkened day.
For us his precious blood was shed ;
Love could alone such ransom pay —
A Saviour dying in our stead.
Dying, He triumphed o'er the grave ;
Plucktd e'en from death his bitter sting;
Aud to his ransomed followers gave
Salvation's hallowed song t"o sing.
" Praise to the Lord !" the anthem rung ;
" The Lamb's redeemed us by his blood.
From every nation, kindred, tongue.
Made kings and priesis unto our God."
Glory to God for sinners slain !
His are all riches, honor, might;
And his the power to rule and reign ;
Let every creature own his right.
A vesture dip't in blood He wears,
And on his thigh the imprinted words;
His name and title thus He hears,
'Tis King of kings and Lord of lords.
Then to his gathered church He gave
A name descriptive of his love ;
Bride of the Lamb, t'was his to save.
That she might reign with Him above.
Bride of the Lamb, thy glories shine
Like jasper and like crystal clear ;
On Zion's mountain it is thine.
In spotless garments to appear.
Thy wall heaven's jewelry displays;
Salvation was its name of old ;
Thy pearly gates are gates of praise ;
Thy streets are paved with burnished gold.
Tears can no more thy vision dim.
Nor sin thy happiness alloy ;
Ciod is in New Jerusalem,
The Fountain of eternal joy.
Forever clothed in linen wli'le,
Around the throne each bears a palm ;
Nor temple needs; no other light
Than God Almighty and the Lamb.
Proceeding from .Jehovah's throne,
Flows out that pure and crystal river,
Whose living waters can alone
Preserve in health the soul forever.
The tree of life beside it see,
Casting its fruit each month around,
Its leaves a heavenly recipe
Are healing to the nations found.
The Spirit and the Bride say "Come ;"
Let him who is athirst repair ;
The lame, the blind, the deaf, the dumb.
And life's sweet waters freely share.
Sheep among empty forms that roam,
On barren mountains, bleak and cold.
Will find when safely gathered home.
One Shepherd and one heavenly fold.
Then will all evil passions cease.
And e'en as in the realms above.
On earth will reign the Prince of Peace,
O'er one great family of love.
I'liird Mo. 13,1897
THE FRIEND.
269
' In the course of my epistolary intercourse
witli Joseph Scattergood, one day, at the close
of our week-day meeting, a friend put into my
hand two letters. On reaching home, the one
indorsed by an unknown scribe was opened and
read. It proved to be from a man that had
once lived neighbor to me, but was then on the
frontiers, in the State of Kansas, and, in com-
mon with others, was suffering great destitution
on account of failure of crops. He said he
thought of me as being in a more favored place,
and that, perhaps, I could collect and send them
some aid. Wife and I thought the ease a trying
one, for our community had just been so thor-
oughly canvassed for a similar purpose, it was
not likely that much, if any, could be raised,
but concluded we must try.
The letterfrom Joseph Scattergood wasopened
and read, in which he asked me to inform him
if I knew of any needing aid. Gentle reader,
imagine our feelings when we realized that the
hand of the Lord was in this thing, and we
knew it not. I took from ray Kansas letter
suitable extracts, including a note expressive of
my confidence in the honesty of the applicant,
and forwarded them to J. Scattergood. In a few
days I received in response a few lines, accom-
panied by his check for fifty dollars, to be for-
warded to the suffering parties. My collections
were not so much, but it did me good to have
30 kind and sympathizing a friend. The whole
amount was forwarded, and in due time I
ceived from Reuben Miller an account of its
reception, and of the distribution of it among
his needy neighbors, accompanied by their
heartfelt gratitude to their unknown benefac-
tors, a statement of which was forwarded Joseph
Scattergood. But. as a personal friend of his
once told me that he was very precise in his
correspondence and business transactions, keep-
ing a transcript of all, so, if any discrepancy
should appear betwixt his account and this, I
only can beg the clemency of the critic, hav-
ing nothing to guide my pen but memory. As
the name indicates, so tradition put it, that the
family were inclined to do good, for my mother
used to tell her children that when she was a
very little girl, one Thomas Scattergood some-
times attended the meeting where she belonged,
and his preaching so impressed her mind that
she thought him well named — Scattergood. A
mother's story is long remembered by her chil-
dren, forshetold us, too, that when she was a lass,
and one day, standing before a glass, crimping
and curling her hair, preparatory to going to
meeting, her elder sister, with whom she lived,
spoke advisory to her on the subject. Mother
said her answer was, "Sister, unless He forbids
it, I intend to wear my curls today just to my
own mind." "And to meeting I went, completely
suited with myself But there was that man,
Scattergood. Presently he began to preach on
the subject of decking and adorning, and finally
spoke pointedly on the prevailing custom o"f
curling the hair. My head," she said, " dropped
pretty low, my fingers were moistened with the
tears that flowed from ray eyes, n)y curls were
reached and straightened out as best I could
?et them, and I, left to realize that once I wore
my curls to my mind, but I never wanted them
more."
It is related of the late Daniel Millhouse, of
Pennsville Monthly Meeting, Morgan County,
Ohio, that many years ago, when engaged in
farming, he had gone to the field and commenced
ploughing, but had made but a few rounds when
an impression was made on his mind that his
proper business for the time was to go and take
a quantity of flour to the home of a certain father-
less family some miles distant. The impression
increasing in weight, he loosed his team from the
plough, prepared the flour, and set off on his
errand of mercy. On reaching the home of the
family, the poor, disconsolate mother, overcome
with gratitude, informed him that she had sent
her children to school, and their scanty lunch
basket contained all the available breadstuff in
her possession, anil she knew not how to pro-
vide supper for them on their return. A frieml
in need is a friend indeed.
The Journal of the late Joseph Hoag is co|)i-
ous with evidence that he was remarkably gifted
with a sense or sight of circumstances likely to
happen. Of such the writer is cognizant of one
not set down in the book. In the year 1841, as
he and a companion were making the canvass of
the Society of Friends in Eastern Ohio, on re-
turning from a meeting which they had at-
tended, several carriages being in company,
some changing of places had been made to ac-
commodate the inclination of the travellers for
social and religious conversation. My mother
was in the carriage with Joseph Hoag, seated
on the back seat pleasantly engaged in con-
versation, when, of a sudden, Joseph desired the
driver to stop, and let hira and Debbie get out,
for he apprehended danger near at hand. The
lines-man, seeing nothing of the kind, continued
to move on, till Joseph laid his hand on him,
and, with almost commanding tone, said, "Job,
thee must stop and let Debbie and me out of
here," as if he felt it to be a dangerous place
for them. The request was granted. The team
had moved forward but a few steps, when the
king-bolt of the carriage came apart, letting the
front end of the box drop, with violence, to the
ground, bruising the driver some, and it looked
likely, had the old couple remained where they
were, the consequence to them might have been
serious. My mother frequently related this re-
markable event with feelings of emotion. "The
steps of a good man are ordered by the Lord."
[To the printed minutes of Kansas Yearly
Meeting of Conservative Friends is appended
the following epistle from our aged Friend,
Huldah M. Beede.]
Penned for the Friends of Kansas Yearly Meet-
ing, held at Emporia, Kansas. — Feeling, as to
personal acquaintance an entire stranger, which
does not prevent a living interest, an earnest
solicitude on your behalf and for your pros-
perity in every way. Trusting it is in pure
Gospel love you are brought near in my best
feelings, in most tender sympathy.
A little portion of believers, earnestly desir-
ous of living answerable to your high and holy
profession, often feeling stripped and lonely —
Oh, that it may drive closer to the Eternal
Fountain, the Rock of Ages, that your abiding
may be by the Saviour's side, low and humbly
listening to hear his blessed words of reproof or
teaching. It does call for much inwardness of
mind to know the will of our blessed Lord ; to
be taught of Him; be guided by his unerring
hand. Great indeed is the mystery of true god-
liness, and yet made clear to the seekiug heart;
as they are led into it, step by step, in dedicated
obedience, the beauty of it cannot be told in
words. With close adherence to (he still, small
voice, which teacheth as man never taught, it
will lead to know and partake of that which
satisfies the longings of an immortal soul — the
excellence thereof felt and appreciated.
Desjiise not the day of fresh visitation. Dear
young Friends, particularly would I beseech you
to make a full surrender of the whole heart.
Shrink not at the cross ; despise not the day of
small things; count nothing small that is mani-
fest in the silence of all flesh, in the silent
chamber of the inner part. To be faithful in
little things is something great. It is a great
advantage, dear Friends, crucifying that which
ever stands opposed to entire ded'ication of heart,
strengthening that which maketh for peace and
righteousness.
Under a sense of unworthiness, dear Friends,
it is a desire to extend a word of encouragement,
realizing without the sure seal it will be value-
less, or of no weight in your hearing. Deeply
realizing the daily warfare that must be main-
tained against all hindering and besetting things,
by which all are surrounded and have to war
against in our daily walk. Dear Friends, you
that have continued to love the ancient land-
marks, have mourned the broken down walls,
our lovely order and precious testimonies tram-
pled upon as of no account, most deeply my
tenderest sympathy greet you. Stand firm, re-
membering the eyes of the dearyouth are watch-
ing your steps. Let circumspection mark them
in every particular; and, dear young Friends,
the call hath been sounded within you again
and again. Have you listened, being obedient
to the heavenly call? Remember, precious
chosen children, this call is all of unmerited
mercy and love. Dear lambs, chosen for the
fold, I beseech you, keep not the Beloved out
until his head is wet with the dew and his glo-
rious locks wet with the drops of the night.
Your beloved fathers and mothers, bowed with
weight, responsibility and care, are watching
you with anxious hearts, needing your help to
hold up, steadying their weary bands and com-
fort their drooping spirits.
Dear children, close in with offered mercy — •
defer no longer— deep regrets in the future, let
me tell you, cannot make amends for present
slighted favors. All hope better things of you
— things pertaining to and accompanying your
salvation. Oh, could I take each one of you by
the hand and speak words that would stimulate
and encourage to perseverance, and doubling of
diligence to make your calling and election
sure ! We can do nothing of ourselves. I can
only commend you unto God, who can give all
things according to individual needs. Let broth-
erly love continue, and charity abound among
you. Let your lights so shine that others, be-
holding, may come and glorify our blessed Lord.
A day of mingled sadness, with discouraging
appearances. Live to-day with the mind cen-
tered to the alone Head and Helper of his people.
Do what is presented, leaving what is past, not
attempting to scan the future ; leaving all with
the great I Am, who kuoweth the end from the
beginning — will turn and overturn, eventually
bringing to pass his own gracious designs, caus-
ing the wrath of man to praise Hira, who is ever
alone worthy of all adoration and praise.
Trusting the foregoing lines have been penned
in Gospel love and fellowship, that due allow-
ance for age— ten years laid by with infirmities ;
hoping a charitable mantle may be over many
mistakes covering all ; while feeling this efl"ort
falls far short of justly conveying feelings of in-
terest and earnest solicitude for your individual
growth in the ever-blessed Truth— will feelingly
bid you an afltctionate farewell.
Your friend,
HuLDAii M. Beede.
Providexce, K. I., Tenth Month 16th, 189G.
270
THE FRIEND.
For "THE FBIKND."
Friends' Freedmen's Association of Philadel-
phia.
The Board of Managers are glad to state
that the present appointments at Christiansburg
School, Va., have been wisely made, and the work
there is meeting the expectations of Friends, as
outlined at the last annual meeting of the As-
sociation. We hope during the present month
(of which due notice will be given) to have the
opportunity of hearing direct from Booker T.
Washington, who then expects to be in Phila-
delphia, relative to the school now under his
oversight, and the especial management of
Charles L. Marshall, one of Hampton's gradu-
ates, who, also, has promised to be with us at
our annual meeting in Fourth Month next,
when he will state what has been accomplished
during the past year under his charge, and his
plans and hopes for the school's future. Our
immediate anxiety is that the funds (two thou-
sand dollars) promised him at the last annual
meeting should be promptly subscribed. Thus
far we have received only one-half that amount,
and the salaries of the teachers are now due.
Any contributions, large or small, will lie gladly
received by the treasurer, David A. Alsop, 409
Chestnut street.
The Industrial Department is getting in good
working order, and will undoubtedly prove of
great value to the people. We add a few ex-
tracts from letters lately received from Charles
L. Marshall, " I want to thank you for having
made it possible for our Blacksmithing Depart-
ment to have such a rich donation as l.OOG
pounds of iron and steel." Under date of Tenth
Month 15th, 1896, "I find myself almost borne
down by your kindness in sending to us such an
excellent sewing machine and form for our sew-
ing room. The girls of that department wish
me to say to you that they are very thankful
for your having made their chance here so
rich." E eventh Month 4th, 1896, " We are
very much pleased with our Champion Forge,
No. 14." Twelfth Month lOlh, 1896, " We
are moving on nicely, both in industrial and
class-room work, and 1 think the day is not far
distant when our school will be, like Tuskegee,
a blessing to the land." First Month .30th, 1897,
" I am constantly in receipt of letters from peo-
ple throughout this part of the State, rejoicing
in the chance given colored boys and girls in
the field of mechanical science." And again,
" We have yet many urgent needs in order to
make a good, fully developed industrial school,
but we believe these will be forthcoming as soon
as we are able to prove our needs real." Second
Month 25th, 1897, " I have never witnessed, in
all my life, such a growing interest in industry
as is now true of the teachers and students of
our school."
M.iRY Peisley when in America on a re-
ligious visit, was led to labor with a young man
at Boston, on his being likely to marry one of
another S )ciety. She says, " It arose in my
heart, while we talked with him, that he was
deeply tinctured with deism, a disbelief of the
Scriptures, of the coming of Christ in the flesh,
and his second appearance by his Spirit. I toh'
him my opinion of his state, which he acknowl
edged to be true ; he spoke in defense of his
opinions. I told him the ground whence his un
belief sprung was leaning to his own understand
ing, and departing from the Light, which alone
cim convince of God and godliness."
There is much instruction in the remark of
this dcei)ly experienced Friend, that unbelief
springs from dependence on one's own under-
standing, and departing from that spiritual
Light which alone can unfold spiritual mys-
teries.
For "THE FKIEND."
Letter from Germany.
RosDOKFERWEG, Gottingen, Secomi Mo. 4tli, '97.
At Goslar we visited the chapel, and saw the
ron box containing the heart of Henry the IV.,
md from here descended into the semi-subterra-
nean parts of the castle, which remain exactly in
the same condition in which they were built, and
where the retinue of the Kaisers were accommo-
dated. Coming again into the open air, I took
my seat on a stone bench in a remote corner of the
grounds, and let my fancy have free play with
the shades of the past all around, and the same
sun, sinking to rest behind the mountains, that
had shone on the comings out and goings in of
those imperial heads so long ago. The twilight
lasts so long in this northern latitude that I
had still time to take an indirect course back to
the hotel, hunting up more narrow streets and
quaint, nodding houses.
At half-past seven the next morning I had fin-
ished my coffee and rolls, and spent the interven-
ing hour and a half between this time and the
hour when the Rathhaus would be open, to take
a long, last look at the most interesting objects
that had attracted me the day before. Hav-
ing climbed the Rathhaus steps, and opened a
massive door, I found myself in a low, old-
fashioned room, with wooden benches ranged
"ong the sides. Having secured a ticket by
applying in an adjoining room, I seated myself
upon one of the benches, until at last a man ap-
peared and beckoned me to follow him. This I
did, passing through a narrow entrance, and up
a short flight of steps, and we came soon into
the famous " Huldigungszimmer," the wonder
of the place. The decorations of this room date
back to the fifteenth century to the time of
Goslar's greatest glory as a ineraber of the
Hansa. The room is not large, but the walls and
ceiling are a mass of paintings in bright colors,
representing mostly Bible scenes. There is here
a large collection of curiosities — wonderful sil-
ver work belonging to a very remote period,
various manuscripts and objects belonging to
Kaisers, priests and burgomasters that have
figured in the history of Goslar. There was a
sort of wooden cage there, which held exactly
two persons, into which quarreling women used
to be put, who, not able to endure one an-
other's proximity at home, were forced to learn
to do so in the public market-place. Then there
was a corner devoted to instruments of torture,
but I could not look at them long.
I had, however, hut little time to tarry.
Hastening back to the hotel, I paid my bill,
and, as the town clock struck half-past ten, I
ha<l just emerged from the shadow of the great
gateway, and had set my face towards the south.
Goslar lies on the northeastern side of the Harz,
directly at the foot of the mountains, and An-
dreasberg at the top of almost the last range,
to the south. It was over a nine-hours' steady
walk, and the day was well in advance. At
first the way skirted along the edge of the
mountain, then turned into a valley that rap-
idly narrowed and ascended, becoming soon
charmingly picturesque. There was much driv-
ing and much walking along the road up this
beautiful Okerthal (" thai" always means val-
ley, Oker is the name of the stream), as it is one
of the most visited regions in the Harz. Every
short space was provided with a restaurant and
garden, where one could quench thirst, ani
all such places were simply swarming with hu
manity. At Romkerhalle I made a little halt
for at this place a very pretty water-fall come
tumbling down some two hundred feet, an(
though to seat one's self at one of the man'
tables, temptingly placed at a proper distance
to have a good view of the falls, meant to in
dulge in a drink, I was quite ready to partake
of another glass of milk, and did so in the Ger
man fashion, sipping a little from time to time
and taking ray ease, as though that were thi
only thing I intended to do that day. Whei
the glass was finally emptied, I started forward
at this point leaving the main road, and follow
ing a narrow path that brought me at last, afte
constantly following the white arrows paintet
on the trees, to the Forsterei, situated at th(
top of the Ahrendsberg, about two thousaiK
feet above the valley. Here I was to have din
ner. It was served to me, under a tree, by thi
side of the road, but it did not hold me long. _
took again my wanderer's staff, and, having in
quired of the Forsterei the way to Torfhaus, ni;
next halting-place, and having been told, I set oij
For two hours the way was merely a sort o
trail, with very little to mark it, so that mon
than once I was quite at a loss whether I \va:
right or wrong, but I always came, in time, t(
something definite enough and, by regarding rai
map and the lay of the land, I arrived at last ii
the Chausee. How I enjoyed that walk over thi
unused path. It led along a high ridge, ofter
through the woods, but with frequent views oi
all sides, and always the Brocken straight ahead
It gives a veritable shock, after an hour o
two of such wandering, to come back to at
ordinary, dusty road, the sight of weary pedes
trians, and, above all, to one's own prosaic .-elf
On taking a turn in the road, I found myself a
Torfhaus, the starting-point for the ascent of th<
Brocken on this side. It was a charming littli
hotel, with the mountain right in front, and i
glimpse, through a valley, of the misty plain
beyond, in the distance.
For a long while I had been thinking aboui
this hotel, and, when the waiter asked me
" Grosse oder kleine tasse?" " Grosse," I said
with emphasis. It was brought to me in !
little summer-house overlooking this charnaing
view.
Of course you have heard of the " Spectre o
the Brocken." The story of that rock, casting i
shadow like a man, formed a very vivid picturt
on my youthful mind. The mountain made m
impression upon me. I do not even think ]
knew it was a mountain, but I saw there alwayi
that giant, casting his shadow, whichever wai
the sun happened to be, on all sides of him. 1
need not tell you that the top looks just as rount
and smooth, from a little distance, as thougl
there were no stones on his fat old sides. I be
lieve there is, however, some foundation for th(
story. When the sun is just setting and then
happens to be clouds in the right position in thi
valley — of course it must be a certain time o
year, as well, when the sun is in the proper par
of the heavens — then there is a rock, whos(
shadow, caught on the clouds, is like that of :
giant head. 1 don't know who ever got all thosi
proper conditions together, and saw the spectn
there, but I suppose some one has. But in Ger
many no one seems to know much about it.
From Torfhaus there was quite a stretch t(
the reservoir which supplies the mines of An
dreasburg, which are worked by hydraulii
power, with water. On the other side of thi;
artificial lake, I left the main road again, ant
hirJ Mo. 13, 1897
THE FRIEND.
271
allowed the course of the " Kaybergergrahen,"
;hich is a most romantic stone-furraed ditch,
hich carries the water along the side of the
lountain, at a good elevation, with charming
lews through a valley, whose sides are almost
eep enough to form a canon of the plains that
!e south of the Harz. This two or three niiies
f roadway is the most picturesque of anything
have seen in the Haiz. At last the ditch dis-
ippeared in a mountain, and I, not being able
b follow, climbed the steep side, and came, at
ist, where I could look down upon Andreas-
urg. It was already past sunset, but still quite
ght. The rest of the way, being all down grade,
made at a very rapid pace, and arrived about
ine o'clock at the Fosterei.
What One New England Girl Did.
VLL NORTH.
In a tiny farm-house on one of the brightest
ad boldest hills of western Massachusetts there
|as born, one hundred years ago last month,
little New England girl, whose name is known
1 all pans of the world where Christian edu-
ation is honored, and whose influence will cease
bly with eternity itself.
' I think that no New England girl of that day
ad fewer external advantages to help her on
■) fame and influence than liad the little Mary
,yon. The farm on this stony hill-side in Buck-
lud, aud the very small house that sheltered
le parents aud seven children, were the sole
latrimony of good Aaron Lyon, the father,
fhey lived miles away from the churches aud
fihools of Buckland and Ashfield. There was
ttle money to spend on anything but the neces-
;tiesof life, though always a portion for a poorer
^ighbor.
" The children of that household
ever thought of being dependent or depressed,
hey felt that their father had laid up for t. em
rich store in grateful hearts and among the
i'easnres which will never decay ; and that their
liother, who was considered in that neighbor-
bod a sort of presiding angel of good works,
jas continually adding to those stores. I can
\ov/ remember just the appearance of that neigh-
or who had a numerous household to clothe, as
iie said, one day, ' Hnw^ is it that Mrs. Lyon can
0 more for me than anyone else ?' "
There was, indeed, great store of health, of
right spiriSs, of affection for each other, and of
ive and reverence for the highest things of life
1 that little mountain hrme — a gnodly heritage.
Mary grew up, a sweet, healthy girl, with
reat masses of reddish gold hair, cheeks like
eaches, and enough energy and perseverance
) fit out two or three girls. She walked pa-
ently, sometimes a mile, sometimes two or three,
) one or another of the district school-houses
:i the vicinity, situated in the loveliest woods
•i all New England. The site of one of these,
hich must, I think, have been the very first
lat she attended, reminds one of the " Drum-
ichty" school-house in which "Domsie" taught
Geordie Howe."
Very near the picturesque little farm-house
egan the ascent of " Put's Hill," from which
, glorious view of all the country for miles and
liles around was to be obtained. Even the
ips of the Berkshires seemed at its feet. Here
[ary loved to come to gaze on the lovely moun-
lin tops, and dream of what lay beyond the
ills. And to me it has always seemed that this
road outlook may have inspired, or at least
uickened, that feeling of good-will to all the
world which was the dominating trait in her
character in after years.
After a time, the mother was left a widow, and
Mary had gathered all the learning offered in the
little district, and was ardently longing for Latin
and the higher English branches. A generous
old gentleman of Ashfield, Esquire White, dis
covered her wonderful ability, and opened foi
her a way, though not by charity, to the San-
derson Academy, in his own town, and later ti
the then famous seminary atByfield, near New-
bury port.
The story of how Mary Lyon studied at these
schools is so fascinating that one longs for a
fuller record of these years. Like Napoleon,
she often allowed herselfonly four hours of sleep
out of the twenty-four, and the least possible
time at table, in order that she might improve
every minute in study. " Mary is gatheri
knowledge by handfuls," wrote fier room-mate.
When she first entered Sanderson Academy
she was unusually shy and awkward, and the
principal expressed a fear that the students
would laugh at her appearance. "They will
not laugh long," replied her staunch friend.
Esquire White.
The students did notice, with some amuse-
ment, the eager, absent-minded girl, whose fine
head was crowned by a great mass of bright
hair, and whose plain dress of indigo-blue was
not bluer than her eyes. But she seemed to see
no one, and to think only of the great pile of
books under her arm.
When she first took her place in the Latin
class the scholars wondered what she would do.
And when she recited, first, all the declensions
of nouns, then of adjectives and of pronouns,
and, to the amazement of her teacher, Elihii
Burritt, began on the verbs, every scholar in
the room ceased studying to listen, and no one
laughed again. Within a week (some accounts
say within three days) Mary Lyon had com-
mitted to memory and recited the entire Latin
grammar (Adams'). When, in later years, some
one asked her if it was really true that she had
done this, she said, " I traced out the likeuesses
and diflferences among the declensions and con-
jugations, and could commit anything to mem-
ory quickly when I wa? young; and as to the
rules of syntax, they are so much like those in
English grammar tiiat it did not take long to
learn them. So, you see, it was no great feat
after all."
In these schools she was much loved for her
thoughtfulness and unselfishness. When it was
suggested to her that another wished the seat
that she was occupying, she hastened to her at
once, and said, " Do take my place if you like
it better than your own. It does not matter
where I sit."
Mary Lyon's life was only fifty-two years
long. After she left the Byfield Seminary, and
even before this, she taught in district and '■ se-
lect" schools in western Massachusetts, always
giving of her best, and so impressing the highest
principles of intellectual and spiritual life upon
lier pupils that they never forgot them. School
committees waited to get her pupils for teachers,
and every one recognized the value of her instruc-
ons. All along the years she snatched oppor-
inities for study. One winter she had a de-
ghtful season of study in geology in the familj-
of an Amherst professor whose wife taught her
drawing and painting. A term at the Troy
Polytechnic was a rare treat to her, but the col-
lege course for which she longed was not at that
me open to women.
In Londonderry, N. H., and at Ipswich, Mass.,
Mary Lyon taught iu academies for women, and
here, a.s elsewhere, it was her ardent desire to
make of each pupil a strong, noble worker in
the world's great field. Children's children will
not forget the infiuence of her example. But
Mary Lyon longed to establish a permanent
school for girls, at moderate cost, in which the
highest intellectual culture should be matched
by the highest spiritual culture. And in 1834,
being almost without means or social influence,
and with the public sentiment strongly opposed
to the higher education of women, she gave up
teaching in order to complete and bring to ful-
filment her plans for that ideal institution which
found its embodiment in Mount Holyoke Semi-
nary— now, and for some years. Mount Holyoke
College — in South Hadley, Mass.
With few who had faith in her ideas, and
only here and there a friendly hand to aid her,
Mary Lyon, now thirty-seven years old, went
throughout the State of Massachusetts, seeking
means and friends for the enterprise on which
she believed the future welfare of hundreds of
young women depended. She longed to estab-
lish a college with a course like that of Yale
and Harvard aud Amherst, and from her experi-
ence in teaching young women, she saw no rea-
son why the higher branches were not possible
for them. But no trustees could be found to
sanction so bold a plan, and she had to be con-
tent with a seminary course. Even then, one
trustee, of honored name, withdrew his infiuence,
we are told, because connection with the project
threatened to make him unpopular.
At length, after long struggles, many prayers
and many tears, the money was collected for
the first building, and on a fine October day in
1836 was laid thie corner-stone of that building,
known for years, after other buildings had grown
up about it, as the Main Building, and in the
fall of 1896 destroyed by fire. Twice the walls
fell, and there were many discouragements to
meet. Mary Lyon lived near by, and personally
sujierintended the building.
The school was to open Eleventh Month 8th,
1837. Miss Lyon wrote to a friend, '• When I
look through to November 8th, it seems like
looking down a precipice of many hundred feet,
which I must descend. I can only avoid look-
ing at the bottom, and fix my eye on the near-
est stone till I have safely reached it."
The story of the success, immediate and last-
ing, of Mount Holyoke Seminary is well known.
For twelve years, Mary Lyon's i)right spirit up-
held its interests. Many graduates went out as
missionaries, with her loving counsels ringing in
their ears. Many went out as teachers under
the spell of her advice to seek those places which
were onsidered undesirable by others, and there
find their mission. Many found homes of their
own, and taught to sons and daughters those
principles of high living and pure thinking
which they had learned of Mary Lvon.
So it came about that this little New England
girl from the tiny farm house on the Massachu-
setts hills became a guiding power in the world.
And to-day, as one looks out from the bold
hill-top which she loved, strays by the wild
little brook which was dear to her, and listens
to the bird song in the romantic spot of her
birth, he feels quite sure that nothing in the
world brings a sweeter reward than a life spent
in loving care for others. — Christian Advocate.
My cry is for humility and wisdom, that I
.^ay be mercifully preserved from falling, and
that I may not be tempted to exceed the life
and authority of Truth. I know of nothing
272
THE FRIEND.
Third Mo. 13, 1897
more excellent, nor more desirable, than the
living virtue of it, qualifying our spirits and
enabling us to move in the Lord's work. I wish
it, above all things, for ourselves. I wish it,
above all things, for our children, that they, as
well as we, may surrender themselves at the
Great Captain's discretion, make no terras of
capitulation in yielding up the citadel of their
hearts, only that life, spiritual life, may be
granted them, that they may be taken into the
service of the Lord, there is no other service
which is attended with such advantages. There
is safety and protection in it from the usurpa-
tion of other lords, which have had dominion.
There is maintenance, clothing and pay. There
is honor, dignity and immortal glory. All these
blessed privileges and rewards are involved iu
this important cause. I heartily desire that our
children's obedience in all things may keep
pace with the knowledge communicated to them.
"Hear and obey, and your souls shall live," is
worthy of all acceptation. First, to be diligent
in waiting, in order to hear the still, small
voice, which is of private interpretation to our
several states individually. Nest to obey, in
submission and faithfulness, the discoveries of
the Divine will in the jots and tittles, as well as
the weightier parts of the law. — Einhard Shac-
kleton, 1784.
A postal card from our friend Thomas C.
Battey, informs that the name of the young
Indian, a nephew of Black Beaver, who, as
mentioned in the article on " The Penn Parch-
ment," in The Friend of First Month 30th,
perished in the flames of the Wichita school-
house was " Soldier," not an uncommon name
among the Indians. He was nut a soldier, but
a student in the school.
SUMMARY OF EVENTS.
United States. — The Fifty-fourth Congress ex-
pired by limitation at noon on the 4tli inst. The two
Houses could not agree on the General Deficiency
Bill, and the measure was not passed. The President
did not approve the Sundrv Civil, Indian and Agri-
cultural Appropriation hills, which thus failed. The
Arbitration Treaty failed to pass the Senate.
In vetoing the immigratiim bill, President Cleve-
land says; "In my opinion it is infinitely more safe
to admit a hundred thousand immigrants who, thnu;;h
unable to read and write, seek among us only a home
and opportunity to work, than to admit one of those
unruly agitators and enemies of governmental control
who cannot only read and write, hut delights in arous-
ing by inflammatory speech the illiterate and peace-
fully inclined to discontent and tumult. Violence and
disorder do not originate with illiterate laborers. They
are rather the victims of the educated agitator.
William McKinley, of Ohio, was inaugurated as
President of the United States at 12 o'clock M.on the
4th inst. The oath of office was administered to him
by Chief Justice Fuller, of the United States Supreme
Court, on the east terrace of the Capitol, in the pres-
ence of a great multitude. A few minutes later Presi-
dent McKinley, with bared head, read his inaugural
address from manuscript. Vice President Hobart took
the oath of office in the Senate Chamber, and deliv-
ered an introductory addre.ss.
President McKinley urges monetary reforms; econ-
omy in public expenditures at present ; the provision
of more revenue by a conservative tariff bill, and
strongly indorses the Arbitration Treaty.
The following Cabinet officers were promptly con-
firmed by the Senate: Secretary of State, John Sher-
man, of Ohio; Secretary of the Treasury, Lvman J.
Gage, of Illinois ; Secretary of War, Eiissell A. Alger,
of Jlichigan ; Attorney General, Joseph McKenna, of
California; Postmaster General, James A. Gary, of
Maryland ; Secretary of the Navy, John D. Long, of
Massachusetts ; Secretary of the Interior, Cornelius N.
Bliss, of New York ; Secretary of Agriculture, James
Wilson, of Iowa.
The Governor of Kentucky has appointed Major A.
T. Wood, of Mount Sterling, United States Senator, to
ucceed Blackburn. The Governor also issued a procla-
uation calling an extra session of the Legislature
Third Month 13th, to elect a Senator for the full term.
John A. Henderson, of Tallahassee, Vice President
of the Florida Central and Peninsular Railroad, has
been appointed ad interim United States Senator by
Governor Bloxham, to fill the vacancy caused by the
expiration of Senator Call's terra.
The Governor of Oregon on Seventh-day appointed
H. W. Corbett to the United States Senate, to succeed
Senator Mitchell. Corbett was Senator from Oregon
from 1866 to 1S72.
The President issued a proclamation on the 6th inst.
calling an extra session of Congress on Third Month
1.5th, " to receive such communications as may be
made by the Executive."
The enormous strength of the gold reserve of the
country is shown in the fact that in New York the
banks hold nearly 851,000,000 gold, and the Treasury
" free gold balance" over all obligations now reaches
almost $151,000,000.
A cotton mill company, to be operated entirely by
colored labor, has been organized at Concord, North
Carolina.
The Council of the American Geographical Society
at New York has approved the project of Polar ex-
ploration laid before it by Civil Engineer R. E. Peary,
U. S. N., and will subscribe toward the expense.
A severe shock of earthquake occurred in the vi-
cinity of Niagara Falls on the night of the fifth in-
stant.
An Indianapolis dispatch says that, as a result of
last week's rain in Central Ohio and Southern Indi-
ana, 113 bridges and trestles over rivers and creeks
were washed away.
On the 3rd instant the large power-house of the
Union Traction Company, at Thirieenth and Mount
Vernon Streets, was destroyed by a fire that was started,
it is thought, by the chain of a travelling crane touch-
ing the armature of a generator. The roar of steam
escaping from a bursted sujiply pipe caused a stampede
of spectators and friehtened the horses attached to a
chemical engine, which knocked down and injured a
score of people. About a dozen lines of street ears
were blocked for almost four hours. The loss on
buildings and machinery is placed at §100,000.
Deaths in this city last week numbered 537, which
is 17 less than the previous week, and 3 less than the
corresponding week of 1896. Of the foregoing, 26S
were males and 269 females: 109 died of pneumonia ;
C9of cimsumpiion ; 37 of heart disease: 25 of apoplexy ;
22 of diphtheria ; 22 of old age ; 17 of convulsions ; 13
of scarlet fever: 13 of inflammation of thesloraaih and
bowels; 11 of inanition; 11 of bronchitis; 10 of in-
flammation of the brain ; 9 of whooping cough, and 9
of peritonitis.
Markets, &C. — V. S. 2's, 95 a 97 ; 4's, reg., Ill a
Uli; coupon, 113 a 113J; new 4's, 123 a 123J-; 5's,
113| a 114J- ; currency 6's, 103 a 106.
Cotton.— Middling uplands ruled steady at 7i%c.
Feed.— Spot bran ranged from $12.50 to §13.00 per
ton for winter in bulk, and $13.50 a $14 00 for spring
in sacks.
Flour.— Winter super, $2 55 a $2.80 ; do., extras,
$2.90 a $3.20; Pennsylvania roller, clear, $4.10 a $4.25;
do., do., straight, $4.25 a $4.40 ; Western winter, clear,
$4.10 a $4.25; do., do., straight, $4.25 a $4.40; do.,
do., patent, $4.50 a $4 75 ; spring, clear, $3.65 a $3.80 ;
do., straight, $4.00 a $4.25 ; do., patent, $4.30 a $4.45 ;
do., favorite brands, higher. City mills, extra, $3.05
a $3 30; do., clear, $4.05 a $4.30; do., straight, $4.30
a $4 50 ; do., patent, $4.55 a $4 SO. Rye Flour.—
$2 25 a $2.60 per bbl. as to quality. Buckwheat
Flour. — $1.10 a $1.15 per 100 pounds, as to quality.
Grain.— No. 2 red wheat, 89 a 89ic.
No. 2 mixed corn, 26^ a 26Jc.
No. 2 white oats, 22J a 22Jc.
Beiof Cattle. — Extra, 4J a 5c.; good, 41 a 4§c.;
medium, 4J a 4§c.; cotnmon, 4 a 4Jc.
Sheep and Lambs. — Extra, 4J a 4Jc.; good, 4a4}c.;
medium, 3} a 3^0.; common, 3 a 3jc.; lambs, 4 a 5^c
HoG.«. — Best Western, 6!, a 5|c.; common sorts, 5 a
6Jc.: Slate, 4 J a 5Jc.
Foreign. — A terrific southwesterly gale prevailed
last week along the coasts and in the interior of Eng-
land. The damage to vessels and harbor works has
been great.
The collective note presented to the Porte by the
Powers mentions the gradual withdrawal of the Turk
ish troops from Crete, and suggests a military conven
tion between the Powers and the Porte for the settle
ment of details. The reply of the Porte to the col
leclive note of the Powers regarding the granting of
autonomy to Crete has been received by the diplomats
in Constantinople. The Porte assents to the terms oi
the Powers.
Greece is prepared to recognize the temporary
suzerainty of the Sultan, to withdraw her fleet com-
pletely, and to place the Greece array in command ol
any military representative of the Powers senior in
rank to Colonel Vassos, for restoring order in the is-
land, if the Powers are willing ultimately to leave the
decision as to the fate of Crete in the hands of the
people. The reply of Greece to the demands of the
Powers is not satisfactory, and Germany and Russia
have signified their approval of an immediate block-
ade of the Greek and Cretan coasts.
The English Anti-Tobacco League, after an exist-
ence of twenty-six years, during which period 323,84-1
books and pamphlets and a million leaflets, all setting;
forth the evils of tobacco, have been distributed, i:
forced to admit that the use of tobacco is increasing
and the Vice-President of the League concludes thai
it is impossible to cure an adult smoker.
The reports of the health authorities show thatsincf
the beginning of the bubonic plague in Bombay to thf
present time there have been 8,383 cases and 6,971
deaths from the disease.
The authorities in Cairo, Egypt, have given a per
mit for a horse-car line to the Pyramids.
The schooner Vine has arrived at San Francisc
from the South Seas, bringing news of the massacre o
a dozen or more of a party of Japanese traders by th(
natives of the Buk Islands, a part of the Carolim
group. The surviving Japanese traders have askei
their Government to send a war vessel to subjugati
the islands, although the latter are Spanish possessions
A despatch of the 2ud instant from Toronto to thi
N. Y. Voice says, "Notwithstanding the governmen
promised to respect the wishes of the people, am
grant a prohibition plebiscite, a license bill outrage
ously favorable to the liquor men has been introduce!
in Parliament. An emergency Prohibition conven
tion has been called, to meet in this city March 1 1th
to protest again-t the pending bill. Indignation meet
ings are being held throughout the province of On
NOTICES.
Aid for the Persecuted Duchobortzi, whns'
suflering case is related in a late number of Th:
FRit;ND, \vill be receiyed and forwarded by
Jonathan E. Rhoads, 908 Franklin St.,
Wilmington, Del.
Westtown Boarding School.— Application
the admission of pupils to the school, and letters il
regard to instruction and discipline should be adi
dressed to William F. Wickersham, Principal.
Payments on account of board and tuition, am
communications in regard to business should be foi;
warded to Edward G. Smedley, Superintendent
Address, Westtown P. O., Chester Co., Pa.
Westtown Boarding School. — For conveniens
of persons coming to Westtown School, the stage wil ■
meet trains leaving Philadelphia 7.17 and 8.46 A. M
and 2.53 and 4.32 P. M. Other trains are met whe
ted. Stage fare on regular trips, fifteen cent
special trips, twenty-five cents each way. To reac
: school by telegraph, wire West Chester Phone 8;
Edward G. Smedley, Sup't.
requ
Westtown Boarding School. — The spring ten
will begin cm Thinl Month l.5th, 1897. Applicatioi
for admission should be made to
Wm. F. Wickersham, Principal, Westtown, Pa
Wanted. — A middle aged Friend to serve as m;
tron for the Barclay Home; to enter upon her duti'
Fourth Month 1st, 1897. Application may be mac
to The Barol.\y Home, 326 N. Walnut St.,
West Chester, Pa
Died, Second Month 15th, 1897, at her home nc:
Cardington, Morrow Co., Ohio, Jane Morris, wife i
Joseph Morris, Sr., aged eighty-seven years and oi
month.
WILLIAM H. PILE'S SONS, PRINTERS,
No. 422 Walnut Street.
THE FRIEND.
A Religious and Literary Journal
VOL. LXX.
SEVENTH-DAY, THIRD MONTH 2a, W.)7.
No. 35.
PUBLISHED WEEKLY.
Price, if paid in advance, $2.00 per annum.
^tbteripUoru, payment) and buMnesa commuiiicaluiiu
received by
Edwin P. Sellew, Pcblishee,
No. 207 Walnut Place,
(South from Walnut StrMt, betwMn Third and Fourth,)
FHILADELFHIA.
ArticUt (tetigned for iiuerUon to be addressed to
JOSEPH WALTON,
MooBESTOwif, Bdblikoton Co., N. J.
BnCered as teeond-cUus nuiUer al Philadelphia P. O.
iary and Letters of Deborah Brooks Webb.
(Continued from paze itW.)
'1878.— Third Month 38th.— She write*, " Yes-
ifday, as I sat sewiag, I found fir the last ten
lioutes or go, I had been insensibly saying,
I " ' My s<ml, e'en as an infanl keep.
That knows its parent's voice,'
ind it seems so sweet and ieil me to think
lore about it. Is it not just what we would
ke— just that child-like trust and leading and
lUowing- so quiet, so restful, knowing the
'ather is watching over ail evil and will avert
, from his tender little ones. . . I dined with
i. VV. K. last First-day, and she read me one of
be sermons of Elizabeth Evans, Sr., in which
lie spoke of ilicah and his altar and his hired
riest, and how the enemy came and took them
II away, and he bemoaned himself, comparing
; with Habakuk where he says, ' Although the
g-tree shall not blossom, neither shall fruit be
a the vines; the labor of the olive shall fail.
nd the field shall yield no meat; the flock
ball be cut off from the fold, and there shall
■e no herd in the stalls; yet I will rejoice in
he Lord, I will joy in the God of my salvation.'
Ihe thought there was a striking difference be-
ween the two men. One had hired outward
ninistry ; the other had the living spring in
limself."
Eleventh Month 28th.— She writes, " Imrae-
liately after our Quarterly J[eeting on Third-
lay morning I went to Trenton, where I met
IS. A., and we attended Monthly Meeting,
fhis was not so lively as I had expected. Dear
i was much favored, I think. H. Wood
aid a little. His brother George and wife were
here from Western New York and seemed like
'ery solid Friends, elders, and sat with us in
select Meeting in the afternoon. . . John
5. Comfort came next morning — Fourth-dav—
irepared with two horses and comfortable car-
•iage to take us to Mansfield Meeting— twelve
uiles — and we were off by half-past seven
I'clock, finding pretty cold riding. How often
[ thought of our ancient Friends, having no
)ther means of conveyance than carriages on
hose long journeys; how much they must have
luffered. We, in these times, have everything
)0 comfortable, that I fear we slacken our zeal,
md are not the lively people the Lord once saw
us tx) be. If Trenton disappointed us with the
feeling that the i>eople allowed the ministers to
dig and beg for them and earn their daily
bread, sitting listless in measure, Mansfiehl gave
us surprise in the other direction. E was
here, greatly favored, I thought, in Monthly
Meeting, and in the Select Meeting held in an
invalid's house, we seemed brought into one
bundle of life. . . . We took tea, both at
Trenton and (Jolumbu.s, with young people. Oh
how I love to gather them in! We went U
Burlington ; stopped at Robert Thomas'. What
a sweet spirited, redeemed man beseemed to be.
Here we attemleJ Monthly and Select Meetings,
very small.
" L.ist Second-day morning I started again
for Burlington alone, A. Hutchinson being sick.
She was my proper companion, but being poorly,
I wrote for R. S. A., and would have written
again had I realized how lonely I should feel.
Select Meeting on Second-day morning — noth-
ing very weighty, only our poverty to boast of.
In the Quarter, E. Sharpless and E. S. were
good, and D. Thomas in supplication.
"Thy poor friend spoke in second meeting;
referred to the language. 'Thine are we, David,
and on thy side, thou Son of Jesse,' and too,
the belief there were those present who were
pressing to his feet with this feeling — encourag-
ing to faithfulness, to sitting alone and keeping
silence, putting the mouth in the dust, if so
be, there may be hope ; closing with the words
given to me at the moment, ' So will He get to
himself, honor to his own great Name, and
others through our faithfulness be brought to
serve Him also.' "
1879.— Third Month 1st.— On the twenty-
fourth and twenty-fifth (of last month), I visited
Burlington Meeting with R. S. A. At our last
Select Quarterly Meeting a committee was ap-
pointed to visit the Select Preparative and Se-
lect Quarterly Meetings. I ha^-e been to Bucks,
Salem and Burlington, and we have now about
completed the work. Faint, yet persevering,
seems applicable in some places and a great
want of zeal in others.
Letter dated Fourth Month 1st, 1879, after
speaking of the health of a friend, she says,
' Be careful for nothing, but in everything by
prayer and supplication, with thanksgiving let
our request be made known unto God. 'And
the peace of God which passeth all understand-
'ng shall keep your hearts and minds through
Christ Jesus ' — my precious favorite text! Ah,
this quiet, secret, fervent, real prayer is what is
wanted amongst us a people, to make us fruit-
bearing branches. We are too easy, willing in
many places to slip along and let the heritage
of God lie waste, not only in our own hearts,
but in the hearts of others. I hope, after this
tisiu, to be filled with more zeal. Dear
Clarkson Slieppard was so earnest with us at
one of our Select Committee Meetings, and it
seemed as though 1 could hear his voice ringing
through that piece in The Friend last week,
viz : ' Thoughts and Feelings,' ' Days of Famine.'
Did he write it? Do you know? Again and
again the sojiid of his voice seemed fading
away on my ear through it. How ca>u\A we
[tart with such a bright and shining light?
But in Burlington the absence of our valued
Robert Thomas brought again to mind these
two verses:
" ■ What ! when a Paul lirit run hie course.
Or wIiph .\ polios (lief.
Is iFriwI \v(l without re-ouroe?
XaA have we no i-upplit«7
Yeo. wliile the dear Redeemer lives,
We have a l> Min lle>« store ;
And Khali lie fed with what He gives.
Who lives furever more.'
"This was rejiealed, I believe, by EL Evans,
Sr., at the funeral of Esther Collins."
Alluding to the death of a little son of M.
and W. McCillin, she writes:
" We are all bending to our affliction, and
endeavoring to feel the pure language, 'Thy
will be done.' This dear little boy was interred
last Seventh-day afternoon — a large funeral.
His sweet little spirit will be lom^ remembered
and we hope it (the affliction), will be sanctified
to us all, and tnat we shall all learn our lesson
from it."
From a letter dated Fifth Month 22nd, 1879 :
" These bright days are so invigorating. The
flowers were very much admired and continued
opening (some of them), for two or three days.
What beautiful gifts are they to us by a gra-
cious Creator, who might have made all the
fruitfulness without any of these bright colors
and lovely arrangement of shades, and He has
given us an eye, too, and taste to enjoy them,
all showing his goodness to man, for none of
the brute creation seem to appreciate their
beauty — they only seek the field for their food.
Surely man was created a little lower than the
angels on purpose for his glory. How pleasant
t is to think of your meeting now ; there seems
such a change to have come over it. I trust
you have some more precious plants ripening
into maturity, and that nursing fathers and
mothers in the church in your parts will see of
he travail of their soul and be satisfied e'er they
go hence.
Is it not such a mercy that the Lord has
called us out of the world and spirit to he sep-
arate unto Him and gives unto us foretastes of
his goodness even now, in heavenly places, in
Christ Jesus."
Sixth Mo. 15th, 1879, she writes to a friend
10 has long been an invalid:
"Sometimes in looking back over thy life, it
seems wonderful to me to think of how much
suffering thou hast had. If not one thing it
has been another to call forth the sympathies
of those who love thee. Did thou ever think
that it might in measure be intended for our
help and instruction too, that we might see how
puny are all our powers, and how dependent
upon his will and blessing. It seems so much
■ y mind to look upon all the chastenings for
thyself alone, that I am afraid it may depress
thee at times. ' His ways are not our ways, nor
his thoughts our thoughts,' and if we endeavor
274
THE FRIEND.
Third Mo. 20, Wy
to dwell in the sweetiiefs of 'Thy will be done,'
committiug all unto Him as little children, we
shall catch some of the peace promised to those
who are 'not weary in well doing.' So, my
dear, be not weary, for though the casket has
suffered here, yet I trust the pure pearl of life
Divine is bright within us and will shine with
everlasting lustre. ' He knoweth them that are
his.' "
Tenth Mo. 12th.— [Letter :]—" How much
we could find to 'joy about' if we are only
seeking a thankful heart, and living in that
state that refers everything to the will of our
Divine Master, we know He will do the best
for us.
" We do have some such good meetings !
Last First-day S. F. Baldersfon spoke on con-
science, referring to Wm. Penn's father, saying,
'Son William, never do anything to wrong
your couscience.' It was just the kind of ser-
mon to make deep impression on the young.
He spoke of William Penn's writing ' No Cross,
No Crown,' in prison at the age of twenty-four
years, recommending its perusal with other
Friends' writings to the young.
" I have such a delightful little school— about
seventeen at present and more to come in, and
we are getting along so nicely, but I rejoice
with trembling, knowing that safety consists in
being on the watch, therefore with hearts lifted
up, let us pursue our daily course, taking heed
while we think we stand."
Again, "Ob, ray dear, I feel as if I had been
in the Master's hand ; had been passing through
so much, but want to be kept very humble.
He is Light, and in Him is no darkness at all.
This is a comfort, and He will give us of his
blessed Light in his own good time. I trust the
closed heavens to thee have resulted in soul re-
freshing dews e'er this. He is good. Tiie Lord
is good, and his tender mercies are over all his
works. ' We can glorify Him, even in the fires '
(Isaiah xxiv : 13). He would have us steady
and confident, watchful and jirayerful."
(To be continued.)
What Came of One Woman's Prayers.
— Sometime in the last century, a poor woman
in England, of w hom the world knows but little,
had a son, and she poured out her prayers and
her tears for his conversion. But he grew up
reckless and dissipated and profane. He en-
gaged in the slave trade on the coast of Africa,
and was perhaps as hopelessly abandoned as
any pirate who ever trod the deck of a slave
trader. But at last when all hope had nearly
expired, his mother's ceaseless prayers were
answered. He was converted and finally be-
came one of the most eminent ministers in Lon-
don. That man was the celebrated John New-
ton.
John Newton, in turn, was the instrument
in opening the eyes of that moralist and skep-
tic, Thomas Scott, afterwards the distinguished
author of the commentary of the Bible. Thos.
Scott had in his parish a young man of the
most delicate sensil)ilities, and whose soul was
"touched with the finest issues." but he was
dyspeptic, and .sorrowful, and despairing. At
times he believed there was no hope for him.
After long and repeated efforts Dr. Scott per-
suaded him to change the course of his life.
That young man was William Cowper, the
househr)ld Chrisiian poet.
Among others whom he influenced to turn
from the " broad road" was Wm. Wilberforce,
a distinguished member of the British Parlia-
ment, the great philanthropist who gave the
death blow to the slave trade in Great Britain.
Wilberforce brought Legh Richmond to see
the " better way," who wrote the " Dairyman's
Daughter," which has been read with the de-
voutest gratitude through blinding tears in many
languages all over the earth. All this indescri-
bable amount of good, can be traced back to
the fidelity of the prayers of John Newton's
mother, that humble, unheralded woman, whose
history is almost unknown. — Selected.
Fob " The Friend.'
"Almost a Tragedy— Boy Soldier's Bad Shot
in Mimic War— Jus"t Missed a Lady— Bullet
Crashed Through a Window Where She Sat."
Above are the head-lines of a news article in
a recent daily paper. The incident to which
they refer occurred at Bayonne, N. J., and is
reported under date of Second Month 23rd,
1897. The article says :
" The members of the Brigade are the sons of
members of the First Reformed Church, and
range in age from fourteen to eighteen years.
" They have been organized several years,
wear a military uniform, and are drilled in
military tactics in the basement of the First
Reformed Church or at the club rooms of the
Bayonne Boat Club, on Thirty-fourth Street,
by Captain Van Buskirk, a war veteran.
"At first the lads drilled with wooden guns,
but these were not sufficiently real, and, after
some hesitation, the church officials secured old-
fashioned, muzzle-loading Springfield rifles.
" Some member or members whose names are
not known, chanced one day to find some car-
tridges that would fit the guns, and, on the night
of the shooting, after a drill, the lads started
out with their guns to see how much noise they
would make.
" Most of them had been fired with a burning
desire to lie called to their country's defence in
a war with Spain, and that night it was decided
to pepper away at a certain mark on Thirty-
fourth Street, and pretend it was General Wey-
ler and they intrepid patriots of Gomez's army.
They first awoke the neighborhood with some
random shots that did no damage, and then
Private Hamilton squared off and banged away
at the wretched and craven Spanish commander
whom they had condemned to death for his
atrocities.
" Hamilton took careful aim, pulled the trig-
ger, and the bullet went clear through the walls
of a residence being erected by Edward Smith,
on Thirty-fourth Street, and lodged in the Is-
bill's house. There was a scattering of Brigade
boys that looked like a very undignified retreat."
Although one narrowly escaped, fortunately
no life was lost nor body maimed by these young
soldiers, who were being trained for the army
of the " Prince of Peace." That the " Boys' T
gades" foster in the boys a military spirit, has
been one of the strongest objections urged
against them, but the defenders of the move-
ment have often denied the fact. This news-
clipping ought to be sufficient to convince any
unprejudiced mind of the correctness of the
charge. Most of these boys (one of whom came
near taking a human life) "had been fired with
a burning desire to be called to their country's
defence in a war with Spain," and pretended
that the object at which they were firing " was
General Weyler, and they intrepid patriots of
Gnmez's army."
That a degree, although an imperfect one, of
physical culture and development, may be ob
tained in the exercise of the military drill, i;
not denied, but it is contended that a more per
feet development may be obtained in othe
equally entertaining exercises, which have n(
connection with the deadly arts of war, and wil
not suggest the taking of human lives. Thi
principal object sought to be obtained in ihi
Boys' Brigades, after that of arousing an interes
in Bible study, is discipline — teaching the boy
obedience and submission to authority. It i
freely admitted that this should be learned h'
every child — but long before reaching an ag
at which muskets or rifles can be handled. I
is the infant, before reason asserts itself, and no
the youth, who needs to be taught unquestionin
obedience. Military obedience can only be rigli
in children. To those who have become con
scions of the obligations imposed by the mora
sense — the sense of right and wrong^unques
tioning obedience to a mortal is wrong. A youtl
who is old enough to handle a rifle, should loii;
ago have learned the lesson of obedience to thos
having a moral right to command him ; and i
he has not done so, we may well question th
ability of a military school, like the Boys' Bri
gade, to teach him this lesson.
Would not He who said to one of his dis
ciples, " Put up again thy sword into his place
for all they that take the sword shall perisl
with the sword," say to the Boys' Brigades
" Put up your rifles. Seek physical developmen
in the arts of peace, not in those of war."
" E. P. S.
William Penn's Appeal.
In compliance with the suggestion of a Frieni
in Ohio, we have concluded to republish ii
The Friend a portion of the preface toGeorg
Fox's Journal, written by William Penn. Ver;
instructive is his concern, that those who hav
been furnished with a gift in the ministry shouli
be careful to exercise it in the ability whici
God giveth, and that they should be earnest!
performing whatever duties are Divinely re
quired. How lively is the concern expressei
for the children of God's people, "Often ar
my knees bowed to the God of your fathers f
you, that you may come to be partakers of th
same Divine life and power that has been th
glory of this day," etc.
May the reading of the concern of our hoc
ored Friend be instrumental in awakening o
reviving a similar feeling in the minds of man)
so that Friends of this age may not only rejoic'
in the worthiness of their forefathers, but in th
evidence that the same living zeal animate
many of their successors.
" And now. Friends, you that profess to wal
in the way this blessed man was sent of God t
turn us into, suffer I beseech you the word (
exhortation, as well fathers as children, au
elders as young men. The glory of this da
and foundation of the hope that has not mad
us ashamed since we were a people, you kuc
is that blessed principle of light and life (
Christ, which we profess, and direct all peopl
to, as the great instrument and agent of man
conversion to God ; it was by this we were firs
touched, and eflectually enlightened, as to ou
inward state; which put us upon the conside
ation of our latter end, causing us to set tb
Lord before our eyes, and to number our day;
that we might apply our hearts to wisdom. I
that day we judged" not after the sight of tli
eye, or after the hearing of the ear, but accnrt
ing to the light and sense this blessed principl
gave us ; we judged and acted in reference t
Iiir.l Mo. 20, 1897
THE FRIEND.
275
iings aud persons, ourselves and others, yea,
.wards Gud our Maker. For being quickened
y it in our inward man, we could easily dis-
;rn the difference of things, and feel what was
jght, and what was wrong, and what was fit,
lid what not, both in reference to religion aud
jvil concerns. That being the ground of the
illowship of all saints, it was in that our fel-
iwship stood. In this we desired to have a
inse one of another, acted towards one another
iid all men in love, faithfulness, and fear.
i"Iu the feeling of the motions of this [irinci-
i.e we drew near to the Lord, and waited to
e prepared by it, that we might feel those
rawings and movings, before we approached
je Lord in prayer, or opened our mouths in
inistry. And in our beginning and ending
ith this, stood our comfort, service and edifl-
jition. And as we ran faster, or fell short, we
lade burthens for ourselves to bear; our ser-
kces finding in ourselves a rebuke, instead of
a acceptance; and in lieu of ' Well done,
t'^ho hath required this at your hands?' Li
jiat day we were an exercised people, our very
juntenances and deportment declared it.
"Care for others was then much upon us, as
iell as for ourselves, especially the young con-
inced. Often had we the burthen of the word
f the Lord to our neighbors, relations, acquaint-
bce, and sometimes strangers also; we were
> travail for one another's preservation ; not
iieking, but shunning occasions of any coldness
i- misunderstanding, treating one another as
;iose that believed and felt God present ; which
lept our conversation innocent, serious and
eighty, guarding ourselves against the cares
nd friendships of the world. We held the
I'uth in the Spirit of it, and not in our own
pirits, or after our own will and affections.
ihey were bowed and brought into subjection,
jsomueh that it was visible to them that knew
s, we did not think ourselves at our own dis-
osal to go where we list, or say or do what we
St, or when we list. Our liberty stood in the
iberty of the Spirit of Truth ; and no pleasure,
10 profit, no fear, no favor could draw us from
'lis retired, strict and watchful frame. We
[ere so far from seeking occasions of company
lat we avoided them what we could, pursuing
jur own business with moderation, instead of
iieddling with other people's unnecessarily.
; "Our words were few and savory, our looks
pmposed and weighty, and our whole deport-
ment very observable. True it is, that this
3tired and strict sort of life from the liberty
f the conversation of the world, exposed us to
|3e censures of many, as humorists, conceited,
!nd self-righteous persons, etc. But it was our
reservation from many snares to which others
'ere continually exposed by the prevalency of
he lust of the eye, the lust of the flesh, and the
'ride of life, that wante<i no occasions or temp-
ations to excite them abroad in the converse
f the world.
"I cannot forget the humility and chaste
eal of that day. O how constant at meetings,
LOW retired in them, how firm to truth's lite,
s well as truth's principles, and how entire
nd united in our communion, as indeed became
hose that profess one head, even Christ Jesus
•he Lord !
"This being the testimony and example the
Jian of God before mentioned was sent to de-
'lare and leave amongst us, and we having
mbraced the same as the merciful visitation
f God to us, the word of exhortation at this
irae is, that we continue to be found in the
ray of this testimony with all zeal and integ-
rity, and so much the more by iiow much the
day draweth near.
"And first, as to you, my beloved and much
honored brethren in Christ that are in the ex-
ercise of the ministry, O feel life in the minis-
try! Let life be your commission, your well-
spring and treasury in all such occasions; else
you well know there can be no begetting to
God, since nothing can quicken or make people
alive to God, but the life of God ; and it must
be a ministry in and from life that enlivens any
people to God. We have seen the fruit of all
other ministries by the few that are turned
from the evil of their ways. It is not our parts
or memory, the repetition of former openings
in our own will and time, that will do God's
work. A dry doctrinal ministry, however
sound in words, can reach but the ear, and is
but a dream at the best ; there is another sound-
ness that is soundest of all, viz : Christ the power
of God: This is the key of David, that opens
and none shuts, and shuts and none can open ;
as the oil to the lamp and the soul to the body,
so is that to the best of words. Which made
Christ to say, 'My words they are spirit, and
ihey are life;' that is, they are from life, and
therefore they make you alive that receive
them. If the disciples that had lived with
Jesus, were to stay at Jerusalem till they re-
ceived it, so must we wait to receive bef )re we
minirter, if we will turn people from darkness
to light, and from Satan's power to God.
" I fervently bow my knees to the God and
Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, that you may
always be like minded, that you may ever wait
reverently for the coming and opening of the
word of life, and attend upon it in your minis-
tr}- and service, that you may serve God in his
Spirit. And be it little, or be it much, it is
well ; for much is not too much, and the least
is enough, if from the motion of God's spirit;
and without it, verily, never so little is too much
because to no profit.
" For it is the Spirit of the Lord immediately
or through the ministry of his servants, that
teacheth his people to profit, and to be sure, so
far as we take him along with us in our services,
so far are we profitable, and no farther. For
if it be the Lord that must work all things in
us, and for ourselves, much more is it the Lord
that must work in us for the conversion of
others. If therefore it was once a cross to us
to speak, though the Lord required it at our
hands, let it never be so to be silent when He
does not.
" It is one of the most dreadful sayings in the
Revelations, That he that adds to the words of
the prophecy of this book, God will add the
plagues written in this book. To keep back
the counsel of God is as terrible ; for he that
takes away from the words of the prophecy of
this book, God shall take away his part out of
the book of life. And truly it has great caution
in it to those that use the name of the Lord, to
be well assured the Lord speaks, that they may
not be found of the number of those that add
to the words of the testimony of prophecy which
the Lord giveth them to bear; nor yet to mince
or diminish the same, both being so very offen-
sive to God.
" Wherefore, brethren, let us be careful nei-
ther to out-go our guide nor yet loiter behind
him ; since he that makes haste may miss his
way, and he that stays behind lose his guide ;
for even those that have received the word of
the Lord had need wait for wisdom that they
may see how to divide the word aright ; which
plainly implieth that it is possible for one that
hath received the word of the L(jrd to miss in
the divi.-ion and aj)i)lication of it, which must
come from an impatiency of spirit, and a self-
working; which makes an unsound and dan-
gerous mixture, and will hardly beget a right-
minded living people to God.
" I am earnest in this, above all other con-
siderations, as to public brethren, well knowing
how much it concerns the i)resent and future
state and |)reservation of the church of Christ
Jesus, that has been gathered and built up by
a living and powerful n)inistry, that the min-
istry be held, preserveil and continued in the
manifestations, motions and supplies of the same
life and power from lime to time.
"And wherever it is observed that any one
does minister more from gifts and parts than
life and power, though they have an enlight-
ened and doctrinal understanding, let them in
time be advised and admonished for their pres-
ervation ; because insensibly such will come to
depend upon self-sufficiency, to forsake Christ
the living fountain, and to hew out unto them-
selves cisterns that will hold no living waters,
and by degrees draw others from waiting upon
the gift ot God in themselves, and to feel it in
others, in order to their strength and refresh-
ment, to wait upon them, and to turn from God
to man again, and so to make shipwreck of the
faith once delivered to the Saints, and of a good
conscience towards God, which are only kept
by that Divine gift of life that begat |the one
and weakened and sanctified the other in the
beginning.
" Nor is it enough that we have known the
Divine gift, and in it have reached to the spirits
in prison, and been the instruments of the con-
vincing of others of the way of God, if we keep
not as low and p lor in ourselves, and as de-
pending upon the Lord as ever; since no mem-
ory, no repetitions of former openings, revela-
tions or enjoyments will bring a soul to God,
or afford bread to the hungry, or water to the
thirsty, unless life go with what we say, and
that must be waited for.
" 0, that we may have no other fountain,
treasury or dependance ! that none may pre-
sume at any rate to act of themselves for God,
because they have long acted from God ; that
we m.iy not supply want of waiting with our
own wisdom, or think that we may take less
care and more liberty in speaking than for-
merly, and that where we do not feel the Lord
by his power to open us and enlarge us, what-
ever be the expectation of the people or has
been our customary supply and character, we
inay not exceed or fill up the time with our
own.
'■ I hope we shall ever remember who it was
that said, 'Of yourselves ye can do nothing;'
our sufficiency is in Him , and if we are not to
speak our own words, or take thought what we
should say to men in our defence when exposed
for our testimony, surely we ought to speak
none of our own words, or take thought what
we shall say in our testimony and ministry in
the name of the Lord to the souls of the people,
for then of all times, aud of all other occasions,
should it be fulfilled in us, 'for it is not you
that speak, but the Spirit of my Father that
speaketh in you.' "
(To be concluded.)
The ceremony of the blessing of a portrait of
Charles I, of England, the king who was be-
headed fir persistent treason to his country and
its laws, was performed lately in an Episcopal
church iu Philadelphia, and two bishops were
276
THE FRIEND.
Third Mo. 20, 189;
found foolish enough to take part rn ibis iniita-
tion of a praeiice which has grown up aiimng
the silliest of Euglish 9aii>t-inaicer8. We ilo
not see bow any An>erieaD lover of national
fretdoni and popular rit;hts can consent to wor-
ship in a church where they would be compelled
to sit under the picture, set op as that of a saiut,
dedicated by a prayer which began :
" Bless, we beseech thee, our work in setting
np to thy glory in this thy house, a likeness of
Ihy servant and martyr Charles: and grant
that all they that visit this temple may be moved
by the sight thereof to a faithful copying of his
constancy, even unto death."
What he bud been " constant" in was his false-
hood and bis tyranny. " He was a martyr," not
to any Christian faith, but to his assertion that
kings had the born and sole right to rule, and
that the |)eopfe had no rights. We are glad
that no Pennsylvania bishop could be found to
take part in the ceremony, and that bishops
had to Ije imported from Delaware and Iowa
for the service.— CAmiJan Advocate.
For "The Fbibnd."
Letter from Germany,
RosDOBPEBWEtt, (rutiingeii, Seounl Mo. lltb, '97.
To-day in ray le.-«(>n I asketl the French pro-
fessor a great many questions about Switzerland.
He has tramped it pretty well over on fjot and
knows it very thoroughly, and of course like
all Swiss he loves it devotedly. He tells roe
that the Si.xth Month is the most beautiful
month of the year there, as far as the dowers
go and the water falls. That is just the time I
will be there. He invited me most cordially
when I came to Geneva to Jet him know and
he would intri>duee me to his family, and he
would also arrange for a tour; that will be de-
lightful. One learns so much more and under-
stands so much better when one has a native to
show one around. By that time I shall be
able to rattle French as Uuentty as German I
hope. I have also written to Paris and hope
soon to receive an answer.
I took a terrible cold this week, it was do
ordinary one but a real, real severe affair, I
felt it all third day and w'as so stiff and sore
and miserable. So as I have no voice to lose
I concluded to take heroic treatment. I drank
hot lemonade and ginger tea until I was in a
most profuse perspirati(m, and frai'ilein Feish-
kom ptleil a feather bed on top of me ; I did
not get up until the middle of the next after-
noon. Since then I have been caref il and it
seems almost entirely over, for which I do feel
grateful,— really, I thought I should be misera-
ble for a week or two.
This is early Sixth-day morning. If all goes
well I will be at this time in three weeks from
to-<lay, getting out of the coupe, that is the cars,
at Paris, at the "Gare da Nord," which is the
name of the station at vrbich I will arrive.
There I will probably take a cab and all ray
things direct to No. 02 rue I^emercicr, and after
a cup of c. ffee and a few directions from the
hostess, start out with my guide book. I shall
expect to do an immense amount of sight-seeing
while in Paris. I know just where the bouse
is on the plan of Paris and shall feel quite as
much at home when I get. there as I wonld in
Boston.
This 19 another lovely morning; I am going
to visit the school tf>-day— Frafdein Myers'
French classes. I will begin with the lowest
to-day, and from time to time take in the others.
Of course I cannot apply Gen-nan methj)^ls in
oor jicbools, but I caa and have already, learned
a great deal from them. Such thoroughne;s is
not to be found in any other part of the world.
Oh, this sunshine fairly makes me dance for
joy— inwardly at least. I can already fancy
myself running around over the hills by the
lake of Nevvchatel, with Mt. Blanc and other
snow-covered peaks in view ; and the flowers,
I know they will be lovely.
But I most get to work. I haven't written
np the lecture on the Prophets from yesterday
and it was the roost inspiring one which we have
had yet. Oh, I shall miss lots of things when
I leave Gottingen.
E.
For "The Fbtend."
Foimd among the pajxiTS of Philip Price, of Darby,
and contributetl by one of his great-grandsons.
The following is a copy of verses sent to Mary Peis-
ley and Ann .4shby, when they were visiting Friends
in England, in the year 1760.
Farewell ! my friends, whom tender love constrains
To build up Zion, with unwearied pains ;
Who march, corapanion'd from the great I AM,
To spread the triumphs of the conq'ring Lamb.
Tho' great the perils that the cause attetxl,
Greater is lie who will that cause del'end.
Go boldly on— and may th' eternal Power
Support yoor minds in ev'ry trying hour.
Me homewards now, my difierent fate conveys
To spend alone my solitary days,
Yet not oneheer'd, if Heaven vouchsafe io give
Those pnre supplies by which the virtuous live;
1 hat Heav'nly bread, which gives Divine increase,
Kefreshing love, and consolating Grace.
5I:iy 1 be gnided by the word of Prnth,
Sately to pass the slipp'ry paths of youth ;
And in that holy way foiever walk,
Where the chaste minds with God Divinely talk.
From such communion with the souls upright
Flow joys sublime, and roost refin'd delight.
'Tis here, tho' distant, we each other greet,
And here the raem'ry of our friends is sweet.
While this 1 write sincere desires J finil.
And earne-t wishes prompt my fervent mind
Whilst with the Burden of the Gospel pressed
.Safe may yon pass the mountains of the West,
From tv'ry danger find a sure defense
Beneath the shield of shelt'ring Providence.
I wish success your labors may attend
Of good diU'nsive — glorious in their end
With heav'nly Wisdom may your minds be stored
To de;il with skilful band the various Word I
Loud may the trumpet out of Zion sound
And pierce with awful voice the Churches 'round.
To 'w;ike the dead, distnrh the cirtvil ease,
.\nd 'rouse Professors set' ling on their lees.
But, oh ! when terrors and temptations roll
Their tnmb'ling billows o'er tb' afflicted soul
>Iay your soft accents, like the genf'lest rain.
Descend — or dews upon the sultry plain.
May the poor mind, which no composure knows
But pants beneath the pressure of her woes,
-■4 lonely wand'rer in the gloomy shade
Seeking, alas.' the liring with the dead,
From you the joyful sound of freedom hear
And to the standard of your King repair,
Whose band will g:ently close the wounds of sin
And pour the healing balm of Gil'ad in.
How welcome is the messenger that brings
The news of Mercy from the King of kings !
What mutual joy here glows in kimired minds 1
.\nd oh 1 how strong the power of friendship biml.s !
While the bright strains of heav'nly life yon give
And sweet returns, in kindling warmth receive.
Be this your work — and now my frieiKls excu^se
The gen'rous froedfim I have dar'd to use,
And, oh : permit my wi,shes to atten<l
Your safe arrival at your journey's end ;
Your conscious breasts with sheaves of gladness fraught
And solid Peace the robe of ev'ry thoagbt '.
-J. M. P.
(.•VntboT unknown.)
Tfte Independml in an editorial note makes
the following remark—" What surprises tis is
that anybody should imagine that any fjiiestron
of the m.ichinery of the CTiurch and the func-
tions of bishops or elders is worth fighting abot>l
in an (yrg»mzmoTs which claims to be spirkoai"
Spirituality of Divine Worship.
In the fall of the year 18(i(>, Charles H. Spur
geon, a distinguislied Baptist preacher, delivered
to Friends in J/indon an address or lecture or
George Fo.x — His object appears to have beet
to stir up the Society of Friends to renewet
zeal in upholding some of the Christian princi
pies held by that worthy elder— especially ib(
fundamental testimony to the spiritual natun
of vital religion'. From this lecture, the ful
lowing paragraphs are taken.
" Looking through George Fox's life, anc
viewing him as the great champion of purelj
s|)iritual worship, one is incliued to say, will
William Peun, that his epitaph might well be
' Many sous have done virtuously, but thou ex
cellest them all ;' for though in his own agi
and in his own lime there were many brigli
stars, yet there were some points in which Geo
Fox outshone them all. There were some par
ticular truths which it was given to him to fee
more intensely and to set forth more vehement
ly and constantly than any other man of hi
own time, or than any other man since his time
more especially the great truth that religion i
of the spirit, that it is an inward thing, and i
not to be judged, and weighed and accountei
of according to the externals of a man but ac
cording to bis inmost soul."
"Now it so happened that the Puritans, wh
had been like the spring buds and bad bios
soiDcd, were getting into the sere and yello\
leaf; and the Independents, and Baptists, aw
other stcts, who were at one time thorougbl;
and even remarkably spiritual, were growin,
worldly, political, and vain-glorious; the evan
gelical professors had come to feel that the
were numerous and powerful ; they bad an op
portunity of grasping the carnal sword; the
embraced that op[K>rtun(ty, and from that m(
ment very many of them lost the spiritualit
f(jr which they had been enoinent. Thedaage
was lest the evangelical sects should quietl
settle down in one State Church, make a scram
ble for the good things of the Ecclesiastics
Establishment, and preach each one after il
own fashion, in the numbness of death rathe
than in the power of life. It did not quite com
to that, but ft did seem as if it would do s(
The very men who were once most vehemet
for liberty when they were down-trodilen, wer
ready to put down others when they had tb
opjxfrtunity, and those who had vindicated tb
spirituality of Christ's religion were about t
fall into formalism as soon as they had the o|
poTtanity of escaping from the galling yoke (
oppression and persecution. At that very Bk
meut G<k1 sent into the world George Fox, wh
roust have been the roost troublesome of men t
those g(X)d easy s<mls who counted upon a qui*
season of sleep. They had said, 'Soul, tak
thine ease : thou hast much goods laid np fc
many years.' It was by the mouth of Geofg
Fo.^ that God said to each one of them, 'Tho
fool!' Very soon declining professors foun
that another people would spring uj) to tak
their place, and that if they left, the separate
path and began to mingle with the world an
to war with carnal weapoBs, God would fit)
another people who should stand alone ao
vindicate his troth against all comers. Georg
Fo.ij, it seems to me, was a blessing, not to yo
atone, but to the whole of Christendom, fi
was sent of God, not only with a view io tb
Society in after years, bat to the Christia
church at large of that time, and to the chore
of God in all times, I do believe that t»i>A
ihird Mo. 20, 1SS)1
THE FRIEND.
od, directly and indirectly, perbapg more in-
ireetly than directly , George Fox was the means
^driving out from their uesta those who were
3ry willing to have feathered those nests well,
id to have taken their rest. He stood np in
IB face of the Christian Church, and said to it,
|No, thou shall not do this! Thou shall not
(iiforra thyself to the world ; thou ?halt not go
I to an unholy alliance with the State; there
jail still be in the niidsl of thee a spiritual
3ople who shall bear their protest that Christ's
ingdora is not of this world, and that religion
'andeth not in forms and ceremonies, but is a
latter connected with ihe inner man, and is
16 work of God's Spirit in the heart." You
ill judge, therefore, what my idea of Fox is
ihen I have said that I look upon him as hav-
(g been sent from our Heavenly Father upon
)e important mission of saving the Chris-tian
aurch at a particular juncture, when, through
aving obtained the possession of State power,
od being much exercised with the brawls of
val creeds and contentions upon outward cere-
louies, the inward power was declining, and
le church was likely to become absorbed into
ae world, or to set up a dead formalism which
. neither acceptable to God nor serviceable to
^an."
I " Now I beg your attention while I speak
pon some of the legacies which Fox left to
jcceeding ages. He did not leave so much in
old and silver as I suppose most of ray breth-
3n around me are likely to leave to their de-
ijendauts. I should suppose that his wealth in
his world was exceedingly small. When John
Vesley was asked how much plate he had, he
Dswered that he had one silver spoon with
im and one at Bristol, and that was all ; and
vhile there were so many poor people in the
'orld he should not increase the stock. Geo.
'o.t, I should think, did not even come up to
hat, but he bequeathed to us in his last will
!nd testament more than as if he had given us
be mines of Peru, for he has left to the Chris-
ian church in the clearest and most unmistak-
ble utterances a testimony for ihe spirilaaliiy of
■•uo religion. It is wonderful how full the les-
imoiiy is. If you were to read through the
<ve3 of all the eminent saints, I believe you
pould come to the conclusion that of all others
■ileorge Fox is the most distinct upon the one
toiDt, that 'God is a Spirit, and they that wor-
hip Him must worship Him in Spirit and in
.'ruth.' I delight to hear him talking about
he ' steeple-houses.' Quite right, George Fox !
That is what they are, and nothing better! 'A
burch!' said he; 'did Christ shed bis blood
or the steeple-house, and purchase and sanctify
he steeple-house with his blood? And seeing
he church is Christ's bride and wife, and that
le is the bead of the church, dost thou think
hat the stteple-house is Christ's bride, and that
le is the head of that old house?' Some of
lur dissenting friends ard coming to call their
luildings for public worship 'Churches,' because
i church meets in them. Why do not they
iall thera ' Suns' or ' M ions,* because the light
bines in them? Ttie title would be quite as
ippropriate. I fear that we shall go back to
uperstition by glow degrees through the misuse
)f terms; for though such misuse may appear
o have but little harm in it at the first, yet
here very soon comes to be n)ischiei' in it, and
berefore it is as wise as it is right to be cautious
'rora the very first. Buildings used for eeclesi-
wttcal worship were merely buildings and noth-
ing more to this great Elijah. He often testis
led that the a.>-Galled churches were not one
whit more consecrated than the moors and com-
mons, and were more like Jeroboam's calves'
houses than the true temples of God which are
the bodies of his own people. He believed in
no consecration flowing from prelates' hands.
He had discovered long before the hymn was
written, that
"' Where'er We seek Him He Ls f.,un,l.
.•Vnil every (jjart is hallow'd grimiiJ.
This is a truth which ibe church needed to be
taught then, and which the church needs to be
taught still.
" Fox had uo sort of respect either for conse-
crated persons. Priests had no quarter at his
hands. By a little imagination i think I bear
George Fox addressing one of those ' green and
gilded' gentlemen of the Church of England
who now-a-days dr&ss themselves up to such a
splendor of absurdity. The highly-decorated
creature would win small favor from the honest
Friend ; and if he proceeded to perform in his
mass-house, George would be as plaiu with binj
as Elijah with the priests of Baal, and mock
him with as grim a scorn as did the prophet
when he said, ' Cry aloud, for he is God!' it
would be worth any price to hear George Fox
pour contempt upon the rubbishing parapher-
nalia of the modern Popery which is spreading
around us. He had a very copious atid forcible
vocabulary when be came to talk of priests,
and little cared he to what sect they belonged ;
if they set up for priests, he was very much at
home in pulling thera down. Fox believed
that any man who preached the truth in the
power of the Holy Spirit was God's minister,
but he would not have it that a man was a min-
ister merely because he was educated at Oxford
or Cambridge, or any other University, and he
obtained the family living, and had the hands
of a bishop put upon bis head. Although the
ordained pretender may be recognized by the
State, and give himself all the airs in the world,
be is not God's minister for all that. Fox be-
lieved that the poorest person whom God moved
to sjTeak was God's voice to the peeple, but that
the most learned and the best educated man
who was a stranger to the new birth, and had
never received the incorruptible seed which
livelh and aiddeth for ever, was a mere impos-
ter when he rose up to speak in the name of
the Lord. Pox left us his testimony in this
matter very clearly and unmistakably. Nay,
so valiant is his testimony for spiritual religion
that be tramples the outward form under the
feet of the inward life in matters where others
have not been clear; I allud- I) the use of
verbal utterances in worship. He sat still for
two hours while the people were expecting to
bear him preach, anci he did not give them a
woril, because he would banisli them from words,
and teach thera to worship God in the spirit.
Is it not the fault of many of u^ who do try as
much as possib'e to preserve and cultivate the
simplicity of worship, that we are so everlastingly
talking? I find it a very blessed thing at the
Tabernacle to say, 'Now let us sit still for a
few minutes.' It is often the very best part of
the meeting, when the soul can masticate and
digest the truth ; and if this were done oftener
when we meet together ioT worship, if more
frequently s<jlemu silence were proclaimed, 1
believe the very best results would follow from
it. It is as much formality for people to think
that they cannot worship God without the voice
of the preacher ns it is for others to fancy that
they cannot worship God without an altar and
a priest. It is ceremonialism fo imagine that
we mmt sing, or pray or read in a certain order
must sit still so many minutes ; how much
better while all things are done decently and
in onler to (-ouduct worship as the Divine Spirit
may direct! The Spirit of God is free, and
sometimes the best worship will be with svords,
but at other times the best worship will be with-
out words. FoX tells us this very unmistakably.
" Would that the spirituality of worshiji were
known ibroughout England! Would thai it
Were recognized in every place of worship, that
we must worshij) God who is a Spirit in spirit
and in truth! Let it never be forgotten, ray
brethren, in your meetings, for it is to be feared
thai even your ])eaceful silence may be regarded
as if il were necessarily worship, whereas the
silence of your meetings, without the Spirit, is
uo better than silence in your beds, nay, it
is no better than talk and babble unless the
Spirit of God bold high communion with your
souls. We must keep this in mind constantly.
Preachers cannot preach about it too often, for
the rising race need to be told of it incessantly.
You who become members of Society by birth-
right must take especial care lest you imagine
yourselves to be members of Christ's church
because you happen to be members of Society.
Do not conclude that you are neccessarily child-
ren of God because you wear the garb and Use
the peculiarities of the Society. Alas ! we know
that it is one thing to talk about spiritual things,
but quite another thing to feel them : one thing
to make a profession of there, and even to lire
in outward correspondence with that profession
to a degree, but quite another thing to have the
inward and spiritual grace. The world, of
course, turns away with a sneer, and says,
' What do we care for this spiritual fanaticism ?'
and we can reply to the world, ' Thou knowest
nothing about it! How canst thou know it, for
it is spiritually discerned." But you and I
must see to it that every act of worship which
we perform is done in the Spirit. We must
pray in the Spirit, and preach in the Spirit.
When I have sometimes beard the clerk say
' Let us sing to the praise and glory of God,' 1
have Wondered whether it was not far more to
the praise and glory of the organ or of the sing-
ing-pew, and when this is the case what a mock-
ery it is! Only that music is sweet in God's
ear which comes from the heart, and only that
praise is accepted which is the work of bis
Spirit in the soul. George Fox, dear friends,
has bequeathed these principles to you. I pray
you guard them with your lives, and band them
down with undimmed lustre to your sons. Let
nothing beguile you from your steadfastness in
the spirituality of your worship, and press it
upon others everywhere, wherever yon have an
opportunity, that the Father seeketh such to
Worship Him as Wor-bip Him in spirit and in
truth.'
(To be pontinoed.)
[The f (Mowing article, signed E. R., refers to
a group of facts which has often awakened the
interest of observers. One of the most reliable
methods of raising crops of any fmrticular plant
is to sow in properly prepared ground the seeds
which produce it, or the cuttings which pcssess
the power of growth. So generally can We trace
the crop to these antecedents, that the almost
universal belief among scientific men is, that
they are the e-^sential requisites, and that, in such
cases as that mentioned in The Friesd of
I^econd Month lath, the true explanation of
the presence of plants before unknown in the
vicinity , is the e-tistence of germs or seeds in the
soil, to which (heir spreading on the surface has
given the opportunity of growth.
278
THE FRIEND.
While still holding to this opinion ourselves,
we feel willing to give our frienri E. R. the op-
portunity of expressing the reasons (as he does
interestingly) which have led him to the con-
clusion that, in the ordering of Providence, there
are other sources of vegetable life than those
usually acknowledged by scientists. — Ed.]
Among the news items of The Friend of
Second Month 13th, we find the interesting
statement that, when P. A. Spicer _settled_ in
Kansas, many years ago, a neighbor, in digging
a well, found a fine, rich surface soil at the depth
of one hundred feet. Digging through this, the
workmen found gravel, clay and water.
This earth which was thrown out, was found
covered, in the course of a few weeks, with a
rich growth of tropical vegetation. There were
little date trees and other varieties of palms,
beside shrubs, plants, weeds and grasses in great
numbers, all totally unlike anything which grew
or could grow in the open air, throughout the
year, in that climate.
In course of some decades of years, in con-
versation with persons of scientific attainment,
Friends, educators and others, the writer has
met with opinions in reference to the many cases
kindred to this of the Kansas well, and the out-
growth from the earth that had been thrown out
of it — opinions that such outgrowth of vegeta-
tion could not be, without the seeds of the plants
respectively.
We know that, if we wish to propagate flower
or fruit, we must procure the seed or slip. But
in what way and manner has the Creator given
us the numberless primeval adornments of his
vegetable kingdom? There are cases of very
great interest, apart from our experiences of
planting and producing, which may well claim
our thoughtful attention. The cause of true
education, the cause of truthful science, and,
the cause of Truth itself, may, possibly, be served
by the upholding of clear views on the subject
here intended to be briefly brought to view.
He who created the colorless light of his uni-
verse, caused it to he divisible into the bright
colors of the bow which He set in the cloud, and
an t-qually interesting characteristic of his crea-
tion is fimnd in his preparation of soil for the
production of the infinite and invaluable vari-
ety which his prescience had designed as bless-
ings for mankind and for the other living crea-
tures wh I were to dwell upon the world He was
bringing into existence.
Regarding the Kansas well and the outcome
ofit as an object lesson, what does it teach?
The bed of soil had great depth. The sur-
rounding prairie lands spread far and wide. The
earth from the deepest part was, probably, the
topmrjst part of the pile thrown out of the
well, and it was this that was soon overgrown
with the variety of vegetation. From what did
the trees and plants begin to grow ? From what-
ever germinating cause the outgrowth was due,
a very great mass of earth or soil of the world
is probably pervaded, and to the mind of the
writer there is light anil information to be drawn
from our knowledge of kindred matters that are
worthy of consideration, for the goodne.-s man
fested by the Creator in preparing blessings for
those who, through the ages, are dwellers in the
beautiful world.
A connection of the writer, a teacher in a
Western college, situated in a ])rairie country,
with other interesting matters characteristic of
that region, spoke of the oft demonstrated fact
that, in places where the strong prairie sod was
removed or the roots destroyed, that forest trees,
if allowed the opportunity, would grow from the
unclothed soil, and that, in one locality, a prairie
fire, in a very dry time, burnt even the roots of
the'grass, and that, where the grass roots were
destroyed, the common variety of timber grew
but, in one part, the growth was especially
abundant, and all of one variety, hickory; that
he observed the growth of the scions of sevei^al
years. Some had become little saplings, while
others continued to come up. That he could,
and did, thrust his hand into the mellow soil,
and took up a sod containing several of the little
shoots, to learn, if possible, what they were grow-
ing from, and could discover nothing but the
formation of very fine little roots, starting in
the fertile ground.
It is a matter very commonly known, that
trees grow along the water-courses of prairie
countries. Having witnessed this to be so in
Iowa, there is reason to believe that, in many
cases, if not in all, that growth of trees was oc-
casioned by the action of high water, and prob-
ably ice, uncovering virgin soil. Where the sod
is removed trees grow.
Another interesting object lesson is found on
the farms of our Elkland Friends. Many other
farms, the country over, have been observed to
bear the same testimony.
The Elklands were found by the pioneer set-
tlers to be densely covered with timber. The
writer, on his earliest visit to that country, found
portions of the primeval forest still attached to
some of the farms. So dense was the woods, so
luxuriant the foliage which fell annually from
the trees, there was no general undergrowth, as
is common in many woodlands. The ground was
thickly carpeted with the accumulation of rus-
set leaves, so that no grass was visible under the
towering trees of the forest. Such was the char-
acter of those beautiful hills. On clearing the
land, however, opening the ground to sunshine,
without the use of plough or sowing of seed,
those fields of the dairy farms were evenly and
richly clothed with the verdure of " green grass"
— a pasturage more nutritious and valuable than
that which is produced by plowiug and seeding.
As pasture, it is very similar to the " blue grass"
of Kentucky, which also is found, the writer
believes, to clothe the ground on the removal
of the original forest.
A large portion of the Elkland farms, perhaps
half, is still in the virgin sod, pastured from sea-
son to season, but never ploughed or sowed. For
how many ages and generations, the fertile hills
of our country were so covered with forest as to
hold back the growth of the grasses and smaller
fruits ot divers varieties of the opened fields
which here and there spring up with the grasses
on removal of the forest, we know not, but the
idea that grass seeds, strawberry, raspberry and
blackberry seeds, existed among the leaves or
under the leaves of the forest where no grass or
berry had been, is fairly inadmissible, and the
Creator's claim upon us is good for our admira-
tion and gratitude, in view of the power and
benevolence manifested in these particulars of
his glorious works.
The elevated region about the town of Kane,
Pa., tells the same beautiful story. The forests
were lofty and dens?, and the clearings, perhaps
a hundred acres of suburbs about the town, most
richly abounding in pasturage of many cows of
laboring people. During a visit of four weeks,
a few years ago, the writer carefully pondered
and examined the forest and field. Parts of
Northern New Hampshire, Eastern Ohio and
Eastern Indiana, on carefully consulting them,
joined in the praiseful testimony. All fertile
lands erst clad with trees appear to tell the same
story when the trees are taken off. The untold-
ages of forest shade has but enriched the soil
for the seedless growth Divinely ordained foi
man and beast.
Skeptic Science oft disdains
But ne'er disproves God's laws.
True Science ever leads us up
To reverence the great " First Cause."
Plants which here we value most
Were wildlings once on foreign coast.
To grow them here we have the need
Of brancii or root or tiny seed.
Bnt, virgin soil, from any wliither,
Give it sunshine and the weather.
In due season it will show us
Just what that soil inclines to grow us.
Where microscope nor art could tind a seed.
The ground wilt bring us flower or weed.
"The harp, at Nature's advent strung,
Has never ceased to play ;
The song the morning angels sung
Has never died away."
E.R.
Only South-Sea Islanders.
CHARLES H. SHINN.
A very sad episode has just come to an end,'
as far as visible events are concerned ; but its:
evil influence will long aflect the Gilbert Islan-;
ders and work of missionaries among them. Th{(
story, though perhaps not unknown to general
readers, through telegrams and newspaper itemsil
is one that justifies restatement. Brielly, it ia 8;
story of modern contract-slavery which Ameri-<
can law-makers have not been sufliciently (
ful to legislate against.
About six years ago a firm of Guateraalaui
coffee planters became anxious to obtain even!
cheaper labor than the very cheap native In-
dian labor of that country ; and it is also fair tc-
presume, from subsequent events, that they de*
sired more complete control of their laborers!
than the laws of Guatemala gave them over thfi
natives. What the coffee planters wanted was-
very cheap contract labor, free from even thfj
lightest responsibilities which are attached tti
complete slavery.
Two American sea captains, Blackburn and!
Ferguson, hearing of the coffee-planter's schemeil
agreed to persuade, deceive or kidnap the isl-j
auders and take them to Guatemala. All the!
principals in the transaction seem to have be
the kind of men who would have made fortun
in the African slave trade of forty and fifty*
years ago. The expedition which followed
known as the " Montserrat Blackbirding Es-1
pedition," from the name of one of the
which took part. In 1890, Captain Blackburn
sailed the "Montserrat" to Butarithari in fliel
Gilbert Islands, and was joined by Ferguson
with the brig "Tahiti." A third ship was alsci
hired, and nearly a thousand men and women
were beguiled from their peaceful island homesi'
under the promise of light work, good treat-^
ment, an excellent climate, many presents, and
wages of six dollars a month for the men and
four dollars for the women. Both Blackburn
and Ferguson were typical " beach-combers,'
cruel as tigers, and looked upon the islander:
as mere animils to be bought and sold, workeo
to death, and replaced by others.
The first hint of these events reached th(
civilized world by way of San Francisco; foi
in September, 1891, the brig " Tahiti," having »
suffered in a storm, anchored in Drake's Baj
on the Marin coast, with two hundred and sey
enty Gilbert Islanders on board. Her captair
rowed down to »San Francisco and secured £
Swede named Erricson to take the vessel t(
THE FRIEND.
27'J
Suateniala. The authorities were almost crinii-
;ally negligent aud made no effort to examine
he l)rig and ascertain what papeis she carried
r wliat treatment the islanders were receiving ;
lit a >ailor, deserting while the " Tahiti" lay in
)rake's Bay, told shocking stories of brutality
Bd violence practised toward the poor " black-
irds," especially the women. Nothing more
I known of this voyage, for the " Tahiti" en-
Duntered another storm off the Mexican coast,
nd went down with all on board.
The " Moutserrat" and her consort landed
leir slave cargoes in Central America, and the
landers were set at work clearing the moun-
lin sides for coffee plantations. They had cruel
verseers, and a system of fines aud brutal pun-
hments kept them in suijjection. High charges
ir clothing and provisions practically balanced
leir wages. 1 hey died from malarial fevers,
onsumption, e.xposure aud overwork. Mean-
hile Blackburn and Ferguson, making con-
facts with other coffee planters, were planning
ji secure more caigoes of islanders, when a
[lucky newspaper reporter, shipping before the
last, made public the whole story. The owners
f the vessels were frightened, and gave up the
theme. Ferguson disappeared; the "i\[ont-
irrat" fiially went down with Blackburn in
m.
When the four years of service were ended,
je coffee planters, finding that the islanders
kd become valueless, decided to return them,
ad chartered the bark "Helen Almy" for this
|arpose. This vessel took, one account says,
ifo hundred and twenty-seven, and another
tcount says " only five score" natives, ail who
iere left alive, and carried them back to their
jmes. Even these were broken down in health
id spirits, with the marks of lash and iron on
leir bodies. Pathetic accounts are given of
jeirjoy in reaching their island homes and of
de sorrow of those who assembled and met
.dy this forlorn remnant of the deceived and
ialtreated islanders. Thus closes the sad story
'a nineteenth century slave expedition.
England and America could put a stop to
Iblackbirding," and to every form of iniquit-
13 private labor contracts with these ignorant
buth-Sea Islanders. Secret expeditions could
; made illegal by treaty with Mexico, the
antral American States and other countries.
ifBcials could be appointed to revise and en-
Tce contracts, protecting the interests of la-
)rers, securing them from abuse, and main-
■ining their interests in the courts. Steps
iould certainly be taken to prevent the com-
icity of American citizens iu such crimes
gainst civilization.
For "Thb Fbiknd."
I felt good unity with the article in The
.RIEXD of Second Month 27th, by William Test.
It may say I kept hoping he would S))eak of
'he sweetness which comes from bearing the
wss," as a dear friend, who, I doubt not, has
Uered into everlasting rest, testified to me
lany years ago.
Let us strive earnestly to bring all tithes into
le Lord's store-hou?e, both great and small,
id we shall know, again and again, that the
<|ar Father will pour us out a blessing, so that
(r hearts will overflow with his love and the
]ace that passeth understanding. I find this
(tract in a letter from Abraham Shackleton
t his granddaughter Margaret, " Let Him be
1y chiefest joy, my dear; then thou wilt step
'sely in thy pilgrimage, little minding what
lople think of thee, if thou hast but the smile
(;f his countenance." Scjmc writer has truly
said, "The closest walk with God is the sweet-
est heaven that can be enjoyed upon earth." O,
to know more and more of these blessed things
day by day and hour bv hour.
Third Mj.itli ■:m\. l.^'JV.'
A Soliloquy on a Tree of Peculiar Growth.
The writer's attention was frequently drawn
to a tree of peculiar growth near the roadside
as he would pass it mostly several times a week.
The lower part of it for several feet is remarka-
bly crooked and also so gnarled that it would
be almost impossible to work it up even into
fire-wood, so that part is conspicuous for it
worthlessness, then as if attracted by the light
aud warmth of the sun a new growth starts out of
that, shooting upward, and from this crooked un-
sightly beginning it towers upward a tall come
ly tree, almost straight in its upward growth
reaching out its branches towards the other
trees and like them attracted upward by the
one great source of light and life. I passed
and repassed this peculiar tree often, noticing
its peculiar growth, but that was all, until one
morning on noticing it my mind was secretly
impressed with the feeling that was more than
curi isity. As the feeling was of that sort that
is profitable and comfortable to dwell under,
I gave it a place in my thoughts. Then I was
led to reflect upon how much the lives of so
many that came to be good and useful men and
women in our Society as well as others who
have passed away and their lives left ujion
record, as well as many who are yet upon the
stage of action, are typified in that tree that
made such a crooked and gnarled beginning.
A great forest of such trees, which seemed un-
bounded, passed before the mind's view, and I
saw they represented the great army of those
who bad been victorious, and useful in their
day and generation as well as worthy ones now
upon the stage of action, who at the outset in
life and perhaps for years seemed to turn one
way then another and many ways except straight
upward, knotty and gnarled in their dispositions
so that there seemed no prospect of future use-
fulness. But after a time of this kind of growth,
their faces would be turned towards the light of
the Sun of Righteousness and as the warming,
enlivening rays thereof were felt upon their
souls they are drawn to look upward and lo,
a new growth starts up, as fro.m the heart oi
the crooked gnarled trunk, that is comely and
desirable, reaching out loving arms like the
branches of this second growth of the tree.
Seeming to hold out the invitation to their fel-
lows—Come with us we have found the Light
and it invites us upward. Some sturdy oaks
there were in this great forest that had braved
many a storm, that seemed to have never varied
from the perpendicular in their growth yet they
were few compared with the others, Ijut they
stood as monuments of the preserving power of
that Grace which keeps from youth up, until
they stood " as pillars in the Lord's house, to
go no more out."
But as "there is more joy in Heaven over
one sinner that repenteih, than over the ninety
and nine just persons that need no repentance,"
so there seeme<l to be more pleasure in behold-
ing the great change brought about in the growth
of those poplars that had made such a crooked
growth at the start, than in viewing those few
scattered oaks that stood as noble testimony
bearers of a power that can preserve from a
divergence from a straight upward course; for
t I'ower which /ref//*. is the same as that
fjis, yet 1 saw there was a greater
thoUL'htl
which (•/,
manifestation of it, iu bringing f<jrth an upright
useful growth from the crooked gnarled begin-
ning, than in the preservation of the mighty
oaks in their perjiendicular growth. Whilst
admiring the new growth on the po])lar at the
roadside I realize that the first and crooked
growth can never be made straight, no power of
nature can ever do this, there it stands its crook-
edness exposed to the view of every beholder ;
but not so with those whose characters are so
strikingly depicted in the growth of this tree.
The pleasure in viewing the new and useful
growth from such an unlikely beginning seems
iu a measure marred by the cmoked part being
brought to view and no wisdom or power of
man can ever straighten this; but again I look
and wonderful to behold ; it is done, and I query
with Xicodemus "How can these things be?" I
turn to the prophecy of Isaiah and finii the
answer. "Prepare ye the way of the Lord,
make .straight in the desert a highway for our
God. Every valley shall be exalted, and every
mountain and hill shall be made low : and the
crooked shall be made straight, and the rough
places plain. And the glory of the Lord shall
be revealed, and all flesh shall see it together:
for the mouth of the Lord hath spoken it"
(chapter Iv : 3, 4, .5).
That Almighty power which has brought forth
an upright growth, in the thousands " which no
man can number," where the beginning was
exceeding crooked, remains to be the same it
ever was. Dear Friends, let us bear in mind
our own beginnings and God's mercies and it
may make us the more patient with and hope-
ful of others. All are equally dependant for
salvation upon Him who not only brings forth
the new growth to his own praise but yielded
up his life upon the cross that the sins which
are past the crooked gnarled growth may be
made straight, and we be able to stand before
Him with acceptance. "Then shall the trees
of the wood sing out at the presence of the
Lord." ' T. H. W.
Second iMonlh 17lh, 1897.
For "The Friend."
The Arbitration Treaty.
Our valued friend, .Jostph Morris, of Card-
ington, Ohio, now in his ninety-third year, ex-
presses his thankfulness that his life has been
prolonged to see this step taken in the interests
of justice and mercy. He anticipates good re-
sults from it to civilization and moral influences
over the heathen nations, and entertains the
hope that it may hasten the coming of the time
when "swords shall be beaten into ploughshares
and spears into pruning-hooks ; when nation
shall not lift up sword against nation ; neither
shall they learn war any more. The two great
Christian nations appear to be ready to ratify
this important treaty of morality and justice.
The very thought is noble and dignifying. The
Wonderful discoveries in the arts and sciences of
recent times will make this a period in history
perhaps in advance of any former opening of
advancing civilization since the introduction of
Christianity, and the features of the times favor
the hope that, in connng years, a brotherhood
of nations may harmonize in universal right-
eousness and peace."
Whex Benjamin Parsons was dying, a friend
asked him, "How are you to-day?" He an-
swered, "My head is resting very sweetly on
three pillows: Infinite Power, Infinite Love,
and Infinite Wisdom."
280
THE FRIEND.
Third Mo. 20, 18!
THE FRIEND.
THIRD MONTH 20, 1897.
We have received a criticism on the recent
Life of George Fi>\-, wrilteu by Thomas Hodg-
kin. As the book has alread_v been noticed iu
our columas, it does not seem needful to do
much more at this time tiian to ncitice the re-
ceptiou of this review, written by Edward Pick-
ard and Edwin Tregelles, and to express the
pleasure we have felt in reading this vigorous
defence of George Fox from the slurs cast upon
him by his recent biograp..er.
We have received from Wilson Edgertnn, of
Columbiana, Ohio, a copy of Joseph Hoag's
vision, taken from his Journal. Finding a local
demand for the pamphlet, he was induced to
print an edition. Prices, post-paid, 10 cents per
dozen, 65 c«nts per hundred.
SUMMARY OF EVENTS.
United States. — Both Houses of Congress met in
Washington on the loth instant. Speaker Keed was
re-elected in tlie lower House. The President's Mes-
sage was read in both Houses. It points out the neces-
sity of ample revenues, which, it contends, should be
derived from foreign products. The taritt' should be
the first business transacted. During tlie last three
years the deficit has been §137,811,000, while the in-
terest on the public debt has increased $11,490,000.
The Dingley tarifl' bill was presented, and will be
referred to the Committee on Uays and Means. Esti-
mated increase in revenue is placed at 175,000,000 the
first year. T'lere are provisions for reciprocity, those of
1890 being fully restored and extended.
It is understood that the Cuban question was dis-
cussed at the Cabinet meeting on the 1 2th instant, and
that the discussion ended with the understanding that
the policy hitherto pursued, of strict neutrality and
enforcement of our neutrality laws, would be adhered
to so long as the conditions remained as at present.
An increase of $85,219,017 in the value of exports of
domestic products for the eight months of the current
fiscal year over the corresponding eight months of the
fiscal year 1896, is sh'.wn in a statement issued by the
Bureau of Statistics of the Treasury Department.
Loans to the amount of about $4,000,000 were ob.
taiued from New York banks last week to pay duties
on goods held in bond in anticipation of higher duties
under the new tarift'. On the Kith instant more than
$2,500 000 were obtained for the same object.
The Ledger's New York correspondent, under date
of the llth instant, writes, "The meeting in Cooper
Union to-night to appeal for the ratification of the Ar-
bitration Treaty, was, in every respect a successful
demonstrntion. The meeting was called by more ihan
two hundred of the leading citizens of New York, with-
out regard to politics, religion or business differences,
and the response to the call was an assembly which
completely filled the hall and enthusiastically cheered
the speakers. Mayor Strong presided, and short but
strong, addresses were made by Seth Lowe, Bishop
Potter, ex-Hecretary Fairchild, Samuel Gompers and
others. There were a few "Jingoes" present, but they
were lost in the overwhelming sentiment for peace. It
has bean years since a public meeting has been held in
this aity on a public ijuastion to which the Archbishop
of the Roman Catholic Church has sent a strong letter
of commendation, as Archbishop Orrigan did to-niglit ;
to which the Jewish ministers have sent their formal
benediction, and at which a lUshop of the Pi
Episeopil Church has spoken. It js not ot
when a legal representative of corporate wealth and
often also
the president of the leading labor organization
meet, us thoy did to-night, in advocacy of a common
interest. Erom this point of view the meeting was one
of the most remarkable of the series of assemblages
that have been hold in that noted forum of the people.
Cooper Union."
Tlia North Carolina Homo of Ropre,sentative3 has
pawed a bill requlringall teachers in the publioschools
to read aloud to their pupils, at least twice each year,
the Constitution of the IJniled States and of the .>tato.
All the negro institutions in North Carolina, such m
the a-yluui» for the insane, the blind, and the deaf
mutes, and the normal schools, will hereafter bo man-
aged exclusively by negroes.
Pupils in the St. Louis schools are prohibited from |
using tobacco in any form, or cigarettes, or having
either in their possession on the school grounds or
elsewhere during school hours. The Board of Educa-
tion will suspend any pupil who disobeys this rule.
The New York 'Tribune says, " Warren E. Burton
has just sold the Burton House', Hurley, Wis., for $.30,-
000, of which 117,000 was paid in cash and the balance
in postage stamps, the number being eight million.
This is probably one of the most remarkable business
transactions ever recorded in the West, and will call
renewed attention to the widespread interest in phil-
atelv."
The Pi ess of this city says, " A remarkable session
of court was held in Dawson County, Ga., last week.
Court convened Monday and adjourned at noon on
Tuesday. No State cases were tried, and not a single
bill of indictment was returned by the Grand Jury. One
man was in jail ready for trial, but the witnesses against
him failed to appear, and he w»8 released " Dawson
County hasn't a saloon, and never has had. It has al-
ways voted no-license. Why, then, should the Press
speak of the "deplorable effects of prohibition?"
Isaac Wilbur, of Little Compton, B. I., is said to
have the largest poultry farm in the world. He ships
from 1.30,000 to 150,000 dozen of eggs a year. He keeps
his fowls on the colony plan, housing about forty in a
house eight by ten or eight by twelve feet in size, these
houses being about one hundred and fifty feet apart,
set out in long rows over the gently-sloping fields. He
has one hundred of these houses, scattered over three
or four fields. The food is loaded into a low wagon,
which is driven about to each house in turn, the at-
tendant feeding as he goes. At the afternoon feeding
the eggs are collected. The fowls are fed twice a day.
The morning food is a mash of cooked vegetables and
mixed meals. This mash is made up the afternoon of
the day before. The afternoon feed is whole corn the
year round.
On the 15th instant the " worst snow-storm and bliz-
zard of the season" raged at Kalamazoo, Mich.
Deaths in this city last week numliered 521, which
is 10 less than the previous week, and 7 less than the
corresponding weelc of 1896. Of the foregoing, 288
were males and '233 females: 10) died of pne iinonia ;
51 of consumplion; 38 of heart disease; 21 of diiili-
theria ; 17 of inflammation (jf the br.iin ; 16 of apo-
plexy ; 15 of inanition ; 15 of influenza ; 1-1 of o d ;fge ;
14 of convulsions; 14 of bronchitis; 14 of nephritis ;
13 of marasmus ; 12 of inflammation of the sto uai h and
bowels, and 10 of cancer.
Markits, d-c— U. S. 2's. 95 a 97 ; 4'«, rpg., 111} a
lUJ; coupon, 113* a 114; new 4's, 123U 124; 5's,
114 a 114.V ; currency 6's, 103 a 106.
CoTTiiN.—' Middling uplands ruled steady at 7Jc.,
but demand from spinners was light.
FEED.-Spot bran ranged froru^l3 50 to $14.00 per
ton f >r winter in bulk, and $12.75 a $13 50 f.,r spring
in sa'ks,
Floitr.— Winter super, }>2 50 a $2.75; do., extras,
$2.75 a $3.10; Pennsylvania roller, clear, $3.90 a $4 0-5;
do., do., straight, $4.10 a $4.25 ; Western winter, clear,
13 90 a $4.05; do., do., straight, $4.15 a $4.35: do.,
do., patent, $4.40 a $4 60 ; spring, clear, $3.50 a $3.75 ;
do., straight, $3.90 a $415 ; do., patent, $4.25 a $4.40 ;
do., favorite brands, higher. City mills, extra, $2 90
a $3.15; do., clear, $4.00 a $4.30: do., straight, $4.25
a $4 40; do., patent, $4.40 a $4 60. Bvis Floub.—
$3 85 a $2.60 per bbl. as to quality. Buckwueat
Flour. — $1.10 a $1.15 per 100 pounds, as to quality.
Gbais.— No. 2 red wheat, 83 a 83ip.
No. 2 mixed corn, 26 J a 26 Jo.
No. 3 white oats, 22-^ a 22?c.
Beep Cattle —Extro, 4| a oc; good, 4J a 4ic.;
medium, 4i a 4ijc.; common, 4 a 4Jo.
Sheep akd Lambs.— Extra, 4J a 4|c.; good, 4a4|c.;
meilium, 3J a 3ijc : common, 3 a 3Jc.; lambs, 4 a 5ijc
Hoos. — Best Western, 6f a5|c.; common sorts, 5J a
Sic: Slate, 4J a 5Jc.
FoBEiON. — The leading London bankers now ex-
pre.ss their belief that there will bo no war in the
Ea.st, and a general feeling of confidence is returning.
Greece has informed France ami Great Britain that
she is willing to |)l.ieB the Greek troops in Crete under
the direction of the Powers, and uhso to abandon her
proposal for a Cretan plebiscite and leave the Cretan
t liumber of Deputies to pronounce in favor of autonomy
or union with Greece as that body may elect.
Spain bus decided to send 15,000 additional troops
to the Philippine Islands. It is reported that General
Primo de Rivera will succeed Generol Polnvieja as
Governor.
When the Siberian Railroad is completed, the jour-
ney from London to Shanghai will take onlv twenty-
two days instead of the thirty-nine needed now by wr
of Brindisi or the thirty-four bv the .\raerican x-out
The first class fare will be ?247 instead of $604 1
Brindisi and $528 across America. — New York Sun.
Ostrich farming is now successfully carried on i
South Russia.
Japan has a practically inexhaustible supply of coa
but it is not liked, because its combustion produc
dense volumes of smoke that make it disagreeable i
factories and on steamers.
A despatch from Tamatave says that Rana Valoi
III., Queen of Madagascar, who has been only tl
nominal ruler of the island since it was made a Frent
colony last Si.xth Month, has been exiled to the islai
of Reunion, and started for that place on Third Mo. 7t
Another expeilition to cain the summit of .\c i
cagua, organized by the German Athletic Club,
Santiago, Chile, arrived at the higher camp of Fit
gerald on First Month 26th. which was found at
height of 19,000 feet. They kept on until a height
19.500 feet was reached, at which elevation they r
mained all night. The cold was so intense that tl
party did not attempt to go to sleep, but remained (
foot, moving about all night to keep themselves warr
The Buenos Ayres Government, it is said, has spei
something like $1,000,000 in trying to kill the locusi
yet at the present time great clouds of them are to 1
found walking through the crops.
It is reported that the crops in Uruguay will be ye:
poor this season, nothing having escaped the ravag
of the locusts, apparently, but fruit. There will be
loss of from twenty to fiily per cent, in the wheat crc
und probably more in the maize crop.
The Government of Sweden has notified the Can
dian Government that Andree will start from Stoc
holm about the end of Sixth Month for Spitzbergen
attempt his balloon voyage to the North Pole, and
requests that instructions be given to Canadian offieir
at dillerent points in the Northwest Territories ai
Hudson Bay region to report the balloon if it is sighte
NOTICES.
FRiENDg' Institute Lyceum. — The next raeetii
will I.e held at 140 N. Sixteenth St., Sixth-day, Thi
Month 19th, 1897, at 8 p. M.
WEsrTOWs Boarding School. — The General Coi
mittte nieet in Pbila 'elphia. Sixth-day, Third M
26th, at 11 A. M. The Committee on Instruction me
the same day, at 9 A. M. W.\i Evaks, Cierk.
Tract Association op Friends. — The .\nni
Meeting of the Association will be held in the Coi
niittee Room of .-^rcb Street Meeting-house on t
evening of the 31st instant, at 8 o'clock. All interest
Friends arc mvitod to aileml. El)WABi> Mabis,
PinL.U)Ki.i>m.i, Third Month, 1897. Oe.
Died, on the twentieth of Twelfth Month, 18!
at Hadlonfield, N. J., Hanx\ii Evans, daugliler (
Josiah B anil llannah G, Evans. A member of Ha; '
rtonfield .Monthly Moetioi; of Friends. " Be ye thei
fore ready, als i ; f.ir the S )n of Man Cometh at an ht
when ye diink not" (L .ke xii : 40).
, on the twenty-fifth of First Month, 1897, I
WOOD O. HiNSHAW, in the forty-third year of his a^
a much loved member of White River .Monthly Me>
ing of Conservative Friends, Indiana. This dear Frie,
manifested a strong attachment to the doctrines o
testimonies of the Society of Friends as they have e)
been held and maintained by all sound Friends. .
leaves a widow with five minor children, and ma
sympathizing Friends to mourn their loss; but i
without the comforting hope that he has entered ii
that rest that remaineth unto the people of God.
, at h s residence in Coal Creek, Iowa, Seco
Month 10th, 1897, after a short but severe illnc
Jonathan Brioos, iu the ninety-second year of
age; a valued member of Coal Creek Monthly t
Particular Meeting of Friends. He had longbi
firmly established in the doctrines and teHtimonie*
Friends, as set forth by our early predecessors in
Truth, and was earnestly concerned for the failh
support of our Christion discipline, and also in
watchful guardionship of the Society from the inl
duotion of hurtful modern innovations. He was • ||
vnred with his mental faculties until near the last, t i
the calm and peaceful state of his mind at this tii |
was a consoling evidence to his relatives and fne
that he was prepared for the solemn change.
THE FRIEND.
A Religious and Literary Journal.
VOL. LXX.
SE\^NTH-DAY, THIRD MONTH 27, 1«97.
No. 36
PUBLISHED WEEKLY.
I
j Price, if paid in advance, $2.00 per amium.
^seriptioiw, payments and business communication
' received by
Edwin P. Sellew, Publisher,
No. 207 Walsut Place,
(South from Walnut Street, between Third and Fourth,)
PHILADELPHIA.
Articles designed /or insertion to be addressed to
1 JOSEPH WALTON,
'. MOORESTOWN, BuBLrNOTON Co., N. J.
iErUered as second-class matter at Philadelphia P. O.
lary and Letters of Deborah Brooks Webb.
I (Continued from page 274.)
1880.— Second Month 29lli.— What a relief
I be able to move! What a relief even to stir
iir bauds and arms! I think it must be dis-
Ijssing to be motionless. How God has tem-
i.red the body together so that the whole is
tmplete. We are fearfully and wonderfully
3ade, and all his works shall praise Him.
On the fourth of Eighth Month, 1879, a com-
Httee was appointed to consider the condition
( Friends in Reading in regard to a meeting,
iere being several children there who need the
I're of Society. In allusion to this, she says in
fe same letter :
;"The next First-day, after being with you, I
f^nt to Reading. We arrived at the meeting-
^ace, and were taking off our cloaks as the
ock struck eleven. That was the hour for
eeting, and they were all assembled in the
trior. My heart feels so tenderly for them,
,e children especially. Some seem lukewarm,
iwilling to exert themselves to get spiritual
^irrath, but ability was mercifully given to
bor, and near access permitted at the throne
I mercy. The meeting was closed rather sud-
iinly. I think after a supplication, there needs
ilittle more time than after a testimony, for,
(I, the spirit seems so absorbed in Omnipotence
'at it is hard to come back to earth again."
'Alluding to the death of Rebecca Scattergood,
le says, " The dear woman has since passed
way, and her last words were, ' Bless the Lord,
(I, my soul, and all that is within me, bless his
;)ly name,' and these were uttered during es-
juciating pain. How the dear Master enables
t to triumph, even though seemingly in the
ames. His love is so marvellous, poured forth
: the soul, as to absorb all other feelings at
■mes. Is He not ' altogther lovely,' unto us.
i"Last First-day afternoon, I took our two little
.rlsin to see our precious E. Pearson. She could
:)t seem to see us, unless close to her face, and
:en dimly. She commenced her eighty-eighth
i?ar on the twenty-third. So one generation
;isses after another, and what would be, with-
it our hope of a glorious im mortality ? Bless-
gs, my dear, blessings be upon you, and riches,
Javeniy riches in your souls as ye follow the
Lord in the regeneration and daily newness of
life."
Fourth Mo. 2.5th.— Just returned from the fun-
eral of ray beloved sister, Elizabeth B. Federhin,
in Boston, Mass. She was taken with pneu-
monia on the eighth, and after a week's sickne-ss,
passed away sweetly on the fifteenth. Shortly
before, she queried," "Is this the peace felt by
those who are dying?" Her life had been full
of sweet Christian sympathies.
In a letter dated Fifth Month 3rd, 1880, to
an invalid friend, she alludes to this sister —
" ' Deep calleth unto deep, saith the Psalmist, at
the noise of thy water spouts, all thy waves and
thy billows have gone over me.' Surely, my
precious one, if any on earth can adopt this
language, I think thy life, almost full of varied
sufferings, might cause thee to do so at times.
But I trust it would be said reverently and
submissively, and the comforting word also at-
tend, ' Yet the Lord will command his loving-
kindness in the daytime, and in the night his
song shall be with me, and my prayer unto the
God of my life.' Bs not cast down, then ; be
not disquieted, for thou shalt yet praise Him
for the help of his countenance. . . Si you
remember my fiftieth birthday is rather the
completion of my semi-centennial year. Just
think— half a hundred. Oh, I wish I could do
more for his holy Name ; but if I do just what
He tells me, that will do just as well as much.
He has been so good all my life long, creating
such a hunger, for years and years, after him-
self, and then when wholly given up to all his
will, satisfying— yes, fully satisfying with his
presence time after lime, never leaving nor for-
saking. Oh, I do love the great I Am and the
Redeemer of men, but rejoice with trembling,
needing, I know, to take heed lest a fall come.
Has He not been merciful to our transgression ;
has He not passed by our iniquities many a
time? Therefore will my soul bless Him and
praise Him forever more. My precious sister,
who has just passed away from earth, was a
deep Chri-tian, loving her Redeemer, seeking
to serve Him daily, so generous and genial to
all around her that they could but see where
her source of joy was."
In a letter dated Tenth Month 7th, 1881,
she says : " We had solemn meetings yesterday.
S. F. Balderstou spoke on the parable of the
ten virgins so interestingly. He dwelt on their
lamps being gone out, which showed that they
had been lighted. He said the simple teachings
of our Saviour by parable were superior to all
the combined learning of the wise men of the
earth ; that the Holy Spirit was the holy oil
for us to have in our vessels, urging the point
that was in my spirit the First day morning
before, ' Ye know not what manner of spiritye
are of How often we find our spirits swerving
a little from that of our Saviour's. We become
too much engrossed in the world's aft'airs, and
our spirits wander and we find them soiled.
The application was very different from the
place and manner in which our Saviour used
the expression. Ministry is peculiar, and blessed
indeed it is to be preserved dwelling at the
Fountain head only. I often fear for myself,
but know we must trust Him, our r.K)rd.''
The year 1881 was spent much as of other
years of late, and the Lord hius been good in
all his word unto mo. During vacation, I spent
one month in Reading at Ro.se Valley Park, a
nice shady place. My object was to become
more acquainted with the members of that little
meeting, and to draw the children to the knowl-
edge of the Truth.
1882.— Sixth Month.— I have now recovered
from a serious aitack of pneumonia. On Firstr
day morning, the fifth of Third Month, I was
taken alarmingly ill. I longed to go to ray
heavenly home, but ray dear Master did not
come for me, and now I want to live pure, pure,
so as to be re.ady at any time. Friends were ex-
ceedingly kind, and two of ray nieces came in
to nurse me, so outwardly the Lord provided,
and inwardly my cup of consolation was full,
so that I wanted to depart and be with Christ,
but did not dare to a-^k for it, fearing He might
not see me quite ready. But oh, the longings as
the dark river flowed by. Now may I do all
my hands find to do, but no more.
■[Letter] Eighth Month 2.3rd, 1S82 : "How
interesting it was to hear about E. K. P. It is so
good to realize the truth, 'that this is life eter-
nal, that they might know thee, the only true
God, and Jesus Christ, whom thou hast sent.'
If the dear old man has learned this, and has
experienced it in the silence of our meetings,
he is indeed in possession of the pearl of great
price, and will not be disappointed when the
Beloved maketh up his jewels. ' Not disap-
pointed,' no dear, and neither will you, I fully
believe; for many a baptism of suffering has
been your portion. Yet, ' I have refined thee,
but not with silver ; I have chosen thee in the
furnace of affliction,' remains true of God's
dealings with us ; so at last the dear Saviour
will present us faultless in his own righteous-
ness. Nothing of our own — all, all his."
Ninth :\Ionth 17th. — Been visiting nearly all
my vacation. This day have been to the West
Philadelphia Meeting," which is increasing in
size — dined at the Shelter.
Mv chest seems tender, and I know not
whether it will be my last school year or not.
I love to be with the dear children, and hope for
the Divine blessing.
1883.— Eighth Month. — An eventful year.
In the Sixth Month my resignation from school
duties was given in to the committee, and my
prospect now is of marriage with my friend
Stephen A. Webb, of Parkerville. Oh, my Lord
and God, thou who hast never failed me, be
pleased that thv hand may continue with me
and make me a blessing. Give me meekness
and wisdom to enable me to perform all my
duties aright in holv fear.
During S.=venth Month had a visit with my
choice friends in Salem and West Chester. We
had good meetings, and I trust the work was
the Lord's work. Thankfulness covers my spirit.
Under date of Twelfth Mouth 1st, 1883, she
282
THE FRIEND.
writes to her friend. R. S. A., " There is nothing
so sweet as peace flowing as a river. Is not that
a sweet passage, ' For there is now no condem-
nation,' etc., and how quick the witness is to
warn of the approach of any degree of evil, and
if we are directly obedient to it, how the peace
flows, and the union and the oneness of the
Father and Son seems sealed. Yes, dear, He,
our Lord is so good to send the visitations of
his Spirit into the souls of men. I was im-
pressed in the morning reading with, 'For our
light affliciion, which is but for a moment,
wnrketh for us a far more exceeding and eternal
weight of ghjry.' Now, we see through a glass
darkly, but the full fruition lies before his feith-
ful children because He said so. Yes, dear, let
us travel on with a trusting heart."
1884.— Third Month 9th.— Parkerville. It
is now a little over six months since my union
in marriage with S. A. Webb — and a happy
wedded life it is, and my Heavenly Father is so
good to me. On the fourth of Ninth Month we
were married at the Sixth and Noble Streets
Meeting-house, where it had been my lot to
teach over twenty years. We had a good, deep-
feeling meeting, for which I was so thankful.
S. Mason and'W. McCollin let me have a re-
past at their house for ray friends; in the after-
noon we went to Bethlehem, remained all night
and proceeded toMauch Chunk in the morning.
The scenery there is worth a visit to enjoy.
Seventh-day evening we reached our home here.
It seems so strange still to remain from the
city, more like a visit than a home. At the last
Quarterly Meeting at London Grove my name
was mentioned on a committee to visit the
Monthly Meetings. Some of the committee were
here, but the weather is so inclement and the
roads so deep with mud since the thaw that it
did not seem quite prudent for me to go out
until the next Monthly Meeting. Oh, Father,
, thou hast never failed nie, fail me not now, in
home trials, or in outward work for thy cause.
For thy Son's sake, my Redeemer, oh, be with
me and make me quick of understanding in thy
fear. I long to be endued with the Holy Ghost.
(To be continued.)
A French Testimony Respecting the
CoNSCEiPTiON. — Lord Wolseley has recently
given an interesting and clever lecture on the
advantages of military service to the prosperity
of a nation. Monsieur le Depute Jules Delafosse
gives anotlier view of the question ; be says: —
"I consider obligatory military service, such
as we have conceived and practised (in France),
the most pernicious agent of social demoraliza
tion and national dissolution that exists in the
world. I have the well-considered conviction
that if we permit it to continue for twenty years
longer the ravages it has already commenced,
there will be no longer either society or army,
there will only be a disintegrated mass of people
without bond of union, without discipline, and
without cohesion.
" Military service as at present constituted,
separates thousands of young men from the
centre where they have grown up, the careers
they have commenced, and the simple and up-
right lives which they ought to follow, and
when, after three years of this alienation, it
gives them back to civil life, they turn to it no
longer. Many of them have become accus-
tomed to the life of towns, and many wish to
remain in the cities, and do remain, becoming
workmen without work, needy without employ-
ment, discontented and unclassed. The de-
struction of equilil^rium appears to me a great
danger of the present day, and I do not hesitate
to say that I consider obligatory military ser-
vice as one of the most poweiful agents for re-
cruiting the ranks of revolutionary Socialism."
— Herald of Peace.
General Garfield on "Margins."
[Some time ago the president of a leading
Ohio college asked me if I could help him to a
copy of General Garfield's speech on " Margins."
I could not even recall the speech, although I
remembered that the idea was a favorite one
with Garfield. The president said that the
speech was one that should be sent the rounds
of the newspapers every two or three years for
the special benefit of students. Some time after
a well-known educator of Massachusetts men-
tioped the same speech, and, in replying to my
question, said that he could furnish me a copy
and promised to do so. The following is printed
from the copy thus furnished. When this speech
was made and by whom it was reported 1 am
unable to tell. I print it as it comes to me.
— B. A. HlXSDALE.]
The following is a little speech made many
years ago by President Garfield to the students
at Hiram College. It was given as a familiar
talk, but no one can read it without seeing the
elements of true greatness and power on the
part of its author:
" I was thinking, young ladies and gentlemen,
as I sat here this morning, that life is almost
wholly made up of margins. The bulk itself
of almost anything is not what tells ; that exists
anyway. That is expected. That is not what
gives the profit or makes the distinguishing
difl^erence. The grocer cares little for the great
bulk of the price of his tea. It is the few cents
between the cost and the selling price, which
he calls the ' margin,' that particularly interests
him. 'Is this to be great or small?' is the thing
of importance. Millions of dollars change hands
in our great marts of trade just on the question
of margins. This same thing is all-important
in the subject of thought. One mind is not
greater than another, perhaps, in the great bulk
of its contents ; but its margin is greater, that's
all. I may know just as much as you do about
the general details of a subject, but you can go
just a little farther than 1 can. You have a
greater margin than I. You can tell me of
some single thought just beyond where I have
gone. Your margin has got me. I must suc-
cumb to your superiority.
"A good way to carry out the same idea, and
better illustrate it, is by globes. Did you ever
see globes whose only difference was that one
had half an inch larger diameter than the other ?
This larger one, although there is so little dif-
ference, will entirely inclose the other, and have
a quarter of an inch in every direction to spare
besides. Let these globes be minds, with a liv-
ing principle of some kind at their centers, which
throws out its little tentacle-like arms in every
direction as radii to explore for knowledge.
The one goes a certain distance and stops. It
can reach no farther. It has come to a stand-
still. It has reached its maximum of know-
ledge in that direction. The other sends its
arms out, and can reach just a quarter of an
inch farther. So far as the first mind is able to
tell, the other has gone infinitely farther than it
can reach. It goes out to its farthest limit and
must stop ; the other tells him things he did not
know before. Many minds you may consider
wonderful in their capacity. They may be able
to go only a quarter of an inch beyond you.
What an incentive this should be for any young
man to work to make this margin as great ai
if not greater, than the margin of his fellows, i
'•I recall a good illustration of this when ;
was in college. A certain young man was leai
ing the class in Latin. I thought I was stud'i
ing hard. I couldn't see how he got the
of us all so. To us he seemed to have an infini
knowledge. He knew more than we did. Fina
ly, one day, I asked him when he learned h
lesson. 'At night,' he replied. I learned mir
at the same time. His window was not ffi
from mine, and I could see him from my owii
I had finished my lesson the next night
well as usual, and, feeling sleepy, was about
go to bed. I happened to saunter to my wi
dow, and there I saw my class mate still benr
ing diligently over his book. 'There's whei|
he gets the margin on me,' I thought. ' But I
shall not have it for once,' I resolved. ' I
study just a little longer than he does to-nighit
So I took my books again, and opening to tL.
lesson went to work with renewed vigor,
watched for the light to go out in my clas^
mate's room. In fifteen minutes it was all dari)
'There is his margin,' I thought. It was fiftefe
minutes more time. It was hunting out fifteei
miuutts more of rules and root derivative
How oi'len, when a lesson is well prepared, jui
five minutes spent in perfecting it will mai(
one best in the class. The margin in such
case as that is very small, but it is all-iraportani
The world is made up of little things." — Tl\
Christian Standard.
William Penn'
(Concluded from page 275.)
" And, brethren, as to you is committed tl
dispensation of the oracles of God, which giv
you frequent opportunities and great place wit
the people among whom you travel, I besi
you that you would not think it sufiicient 1
declare the word of life in their assembliei
however edifying and comfortable such oppo
tunities may be to you and them ; but as m
the practice of the man of God before men tionei
in great measure, when among us, inquire tb
state of the several churches you visit, who amon
them are afflicted or sick, who are tempted, i
any are unfaithful or obstinate, and endeavoi
to issue those things in the wisdom and powet
of God, which will be a glorious crown upo
your ministry. As that prepares your way i
the hearts of the people to receive you as me
of Ciod, so it gives you credit with them to d
them good by your advice in other respect
The afflicted will be comforted by you, tli
tempted strengthened, the sick refreshed, th
unfaithful convicted and restored, and such 8
are obstinate softened and fitted for reconcilif
tion, which is clenching the nail, and applyin
and fastening the general testimony by ths
particular care of the several branches of it, i
reference to them more immediately concerne
in it,
'■ For though good and wise men and eldei
too may reside in such places, who are of wort
and importance in the general and in othe
places, yet it does not always follow that the
may have the room they deserve in the heart
of the people they live among, or some partici
lar occasion may make it unfit for him or ther
to use that authority ; but you that travel a
God's messengers, if they receive you in th
greater, shall they refuse you in the less? Am I
if they own the general testimony, can the
withstand the particular application of it ii
their own cases? Thus ye will show you reel ve
workmen indeed, and carry your business befor
id Mo. 27, 1897
THE FRIEND.
283
ou ti) the praise of his name that hath called
ou t'ruiii darkness to light, that you might
irn others from Satan's power unto God and
is kingdom which is within. And oh ! that
lat there were more of such faithful laborers
1 the vineyard of the Lord ! never more need
uce the day of God!
" Wherefore I cannot but cry and call aloud
) you, that have been long professors of the
:-uth, and know the truth in the convincing
ower of it, and have had a sober conversation
imong men, yet content yourselves only to
'now truth for yourselves; to go to meetings,
nd exercise an ordinary charity in the churcii
■nd an honest behavior in the world, and limit
ourselves within those bounds, feeling little or
'o concern upon your spirits for the glory of
le Lord in the prosperity of his truth in the
arth, more than to be glad that others suc-
eed in such service ; arise ye in the name and
ower of the Lord Jesus! behold how white
16 fields are unto harvest in this and other
ations, and how few able and faithful laborers
here are to work therein ! your country folks,
leighbors and kindred want to know the Lord
'nd his truth, and to walk in it. Does nothing
le at your door upon their account? Search
nd see, and lose no time, I beseech you, for
he Lord is at hand. I do not judge you, there
fe one that judgeth all men, and his judgment
(s true; you have mightily increased in your
lutward substance, may you equally increase
a your inward riches, and do good with both
yhile you have a day to do good. Your ene-
laies would once have taken what you had from
ou for his Name's sake in whom you have be-
lieved, wherefore He has given you much of
'he world in the face of your enemies. But oh !
3tit be your servant and not your master, your
(iversi(jD rather than your business I let the
(jord be chiefly in your eye, and ponder your
ifays, and see if God has nothing more for you
0 do; and if you find yourselves short in your
'ccount with Him, then wait for his preparation,
.nd bs ready to receive the word of command,
'.nd be not weary of welldoing when you have
!)ut your hand to the plough; and assuredly
}'ou shall reap, if you faint not, the fruit of
kour heavenly labor in God's everlasting king-
Horn.
^ "And you, young convinced ones, be you
Imtreated and exhorted to a diligent and chaste
Waiting upon God in the way of his blessed
nanifestation and appearance of himself to
/ou. Look not out but within ; let not another's
'iberty be your snare; neither act by imitation,
out sense and feeling of God's power in your-
lelves; crush not the tender buddings of it in
/our souls, nor overrun in your desires and
four warmness of affections the holy and gentle
notions of it. Remember it is a still voice that
speaks to us in this day, and that it is not to be
leard in the noises and hurries of the mind,
out is distinctly understood in a retired frame.
Jesus loved and chose out solitudes, often going
.0 mountains, to gardens and sea-sides, to avoid
irowds and hurries, to show his disciples it was
;ood to be solitary and sit loose to the world,
fwo enemies lie near 3'our state, Imagination
ind Liberty; but the plain, practical, living,
holy truth, that has convinced you will preserve
you, if you mind it in yourselves, and bring all
thoughts, imaginations and afiections to the test
'if it, to see if they are wrought in God, or of
the enemy, or your own selves; so will a true
taste, discerning and judgment be preserved to
you, of what you should do and leave undone;
arid in your diligence and faithfulness in this
way you will come to inherit substance, and
Christ, the eternal wisdom, will fill your treas-
ury. And when you are converted, as well as
convinced, then conKrm your brethren, and be
ready to every good word and work that the
Lord shall call you to, that you may be to his
praise who has chosen you to be partakers with
the Saints in light of a kingdom that cannot
be shaken, an inheritance incorruptible, in eter-
nal habitations.
" And now, as for you that are the children
of God's people, a great concern is upon my
spirit for your goo 1, and often are my knees
bowed to the GoJ of your fathers for you, that
you may come to be partakers of the same
Divine life and power, that has been the glory
of this day, that a generation you may hi to
God, a holy nation and a peculiar people, zeal-
ous of good works, when all our hsads are laid
in the dust. Oh! you young men and women,
let it not suffice you that you are the children
of the people of the Lord! you must also be
born again if you will inherit the kingdom of
God ! Your fathers are but such after the flesh,
and could but beget you into the likeness of the
first Adam ; but you must be begotten into the
likeness of the second Adam by a spiritual
generation. And therefore look carefully about
you,0 ye children of the children of God, con-
sider your standing, and see what you are in
relation to this Divine kindred, family and
birth ! Have you obeyed the light, and received
and walked in the Spirit, that is the incorrupti-
ble seed of the word and kingdom of God, of
which you must b3 born again? God is no
respecter of persons, the father cannot save or
answer for the child, the child for the father,
' but in the sin thou sinnest thou shalt die, and
in ihe righteousness thou doest through Christ
Jesus thou shalt live ;' for it is the willing and
obedient that shall eat the good of the land.
" Be not deceived, God is not mocked, such
as all nations and -people sow, such shall they
reap at the hand of the just God. And then
your many and great privileges above the chil-
dren of other people will add weight in the
scale against you, if you choose not the way of
the Lord ; for you have had line upon line, and
precept upon ])recept, and not only good doc-
trine but good example ; and which is more,
you have been turned to and acquainted with
a principle in yourselves which others have
been ignorant of, and you know you may be as
good as you please, without the fear of frowns
and blows, or being turned out of doors, and
forsaken of father and mother for God's sake
and his holv religion, as has been the case of
some of your fathers in the day they first en-
tered into this holy path : and if you, after
hearing and seeing the wonders that God has
wrought in the deliverance and preservation
of them through a sea of troubles, and the mani-
fold temporal as well as spiritual blessings that
He has filled them with in the sight of their
enemies, should neglect or turn your backs
upon so great and so near a salvation, you
would not only be most ungrateful children to
God and them, but must expect that God will
call the children of those that knew Him not
to take the crown out of vour hands, and that
your lot will be a dreadful judgment at the
hand of the Lord. But oh ! that it may never
be so with any of you I The Lord forbid, saith
my soul.
'• Wherefore, O ye young men and women,
look to the rock of your ftithers; choose the
God of your f^ithers; there is no other God
but Him, no other light but his, no other
grace but his, nor Spirit but his to convince
you, quicken and comfort you, to lead, guide
and preserve you to God's everlasting king-
dom ; so will you be possessors as well as pro-
fessore of the truth, embracing it not only by
education liut judgment and conviction, from
a sense begotten in your souls through the opera-
tion of the eternal Spirit and power of God in
your hearts by which you may come to be the
seed of Abraham through faith, and the cir-
cumcision not made with hands, and so heirs
of the promise made to the fathers of an incor-
ruptible crown ; that, as I said before, a gen-
eration you may be to God, holding up the
profession of the blessed truth in the life and
power of it. For formality in religion is nau-
seous to God and good men ; and the more so,
where any form or appearance has been new
and peculiar, and begun and practised upon a
principle with an uncommon zeal and strictness.
Therefore, I say, for you to fill flat and formal,
and continue the profession without that salt
and savor by which it is come to obtain a good
report among men, is not to answer God's love,
nor your parents' care, nor the mind of truth
in yourselves, nor in those that are without;
who though they will not obey the truth, have
sight and sense enough to see if they do that
make a profession of it. For where the Divine
virtue of it is not felt in the soul, and waited for,
and lived in, imperfections will quickly break
out and show themselves, and detect the un-
faithfulness of such persons, and that their
insides are not seasoned with the nature of that
holy principle which they profess.
" Wherefore, dear children, let me entreat
you to shut your eyes at the temptations and
allurements of this low and perishing world,
and not suffer your affections to be captivated
by those lusts and vanities that your fathers,
for truth's sake, long since turned their backs
upon: but as you believe it to be the truth,
receive it into your hearts, that you may be-
come the children of God ; so that it may never
be said of you as the evangelist writes of the
Jews of his time, that Christ the true light came
to his own, but his own received Him not; but
to as many as received Him, to them He gave
power to become the ' children of God, which
were born, not of blood, nor of the will of the
flesh, nor of the will of man, but of God.' A
most close and comprehensive passage to this
occasion : you exactly and peculiarly answer to
those professing Jews, in that you bear the name
of God's people, bj' being the children and
wearing the form of God's people : so that He
by his light in you may be said to come to his
own, and if you obey it not, but turn your back
upon it, and walk after the vanities of your
minds, you will be of those that receive Him
not, which I pray God may never be your case
and judgment ; but that you may be thoroughly
sensible of the many and great obligations you
lie under to the Lord for his love, and your
parents for their care ; and with all your heart,
and all your soul, and all your strength, turn
to the Lord, to his gift and Spirit in you, and
hear his voice and obey it, that you may seal
to the testimony of your fathers by the truth
and evidence of your own experience ; that your
children's children may bless you, and the Lord
for you, as those that delivered a faithful exam-
ple, as well as record of the truth of God unto
them. So will the grey hairs of your dear
parents yet alive go down to the grave with
joy, to see you the posterity of truth, as well as
theirs, and that not only their natures but
Spirit shall live in ynu when they are gone.
284
THE FRIEND.
Third Mo. 27, li
For "The Friend."
To Be Spiritually-Minded is Life and Peace.
[We sympathize with the concern of our
friend, C. H., for the increase of spiritual-
miudedness amongst our members, and that
they should be on their guard against becom-
ing too much absorbed in worldly matters.
Yet a proper attention to business is right in
itself, and, we believe, consistent with a growth
in grace ; nor do we see that there is anything
necessarily wrong in making suitable provision
for the needs which a family may require after
the decease of its head and outward care-taker.
Indeed, we believe many have felt this to be a
duty, and have had abundant cause to bless the
Lord for his help in its performance. In raost
communities there appears to be more danger
of devoting too much of our time and thoughts
to the pursuit of business; but those who live
sufficiently in communion with the Lord, will
be so guided as to avoid errors on the right
hand and on the left. — Ed.]
" Who goeth a warfare entangleth not him-
self with the atfairs of this life," has by many
of the Lord's servants, since it was first penned
by the " great Apostle," been acknowledged,
both in their lives and precepts ; and I believe,
when once the heart is wholly given up to fol-
low, in the ways of holiness. Him who said,
" Take my yoke upon you, and learn of me, for
my yoke is easy, and ray burden is light," that
we will feel concerned that in " whatsoever we
do" that " we may be enabled to " do all to the
glory of God," not looking for or expecting
great things in this world, either for ourselves
or our children, but, having " food and raiment,
learn therewith to be content," not to the neglect
of " providing things lawful in the sight of all
men," but as becometh a people professing godli-
ness, " that we show by our walk that we press
with more earnestness for the things of eternal
concern than those of temporal interest.
It has seemed to me that pursuit of the world
and things of the world, is to-day working more
hindrance to growth in the spiritual life than
those more gross immoralities, although both
are but branches of the same corrupt tree.
The ever pressing passion with those more
morally inclined seems to be after property, even
to the full measure of time and strength, and
often eveu further beyond the safe limit in the
use of the capital of others.
Thus laying a claim agaiust their future time
and strength, it seems to me grossly inconsistent
with that admonition to " Take no thought for
the morrow," etc., and many not satisfied yet
with the making of a home for their families
during their lifetime, even lay a further tribute
on the present by settling portion.s, by " life in-
surance," etc., on their families after it has
pleased the " Judge of all the earth" to remove
them from the care of wives and children to
"the world beyond," instead of commending
them to the care of " Israel's unslunibering
Shepherd," whose are " the cattle on a thousand
hills," who feedeth the ravens and clothes the
lilies with more gorgeous robes than those of
Solomon, and who has assured us that we are
of more value than many sparrows, and that not
a sparrow falls to the ground without his no-
tice.
I have also noticed with sorrow how many
have let the pursuit of some moral or civil re-
form so engross their time and thought as to
exclude almost other equally important and
vital questions, standing in judgment on those
who could not go the same lengths in pushing
their worthy questions, often to the hurt of those
thus censured in many ways. I believe most of
us will find, if enlisted under the banner of
Truth, that, as formerly it leads not into the
strifes and kingdoms of this world, but, like
Matthew formerly, will feel called " from the
receipt of custom." C. H.
STRENGTH IN W^EAKNESS.
MARIANNE FARNINGHAM.
" He glveth power to the faint, and to them that have
no might He increaseth strength."
It is DO dream, Great Comforter,
But very truth to me.
That all earth's strenglhless, fainting ones.
May be made strong in Thee.
The years liave taught me many things,
But none so sure as this :
That shelter, solace, joy and strength
Are always wliere God is.
God is my lefuge and my strength —
I will not be afraid ;
And though the night be wild and dark,
I meet it undismayed.
The strength to bear, or work, or wait.
Is ihine, O God, to give ;
And who shall weak and strengthless be
That learns in Thee to live?
TE DEUM LAUDAMUS.
MARGARET E. SANGSTER.
For cur dear ones safe on the other side,
We give thee praise, O, Lord !
Though our hearts are sore for prayers denied.
And our songs have a broken chord,
Never the stain of shame or sin.
Never the blight of p.iin.
Shall come to the blest who have entered in
Where only love doth reign.
Entered in to the hall of the feast.
Through the gates of jasper clear.
Where the dear Lord's hand >hall lead the least.
And himself shall to all be near.
Entered in where the deathless life
Into every soul is poured ;
Entered where never toil or strife
Is seen in the light of the Lord.
Some whom we lost in the long ago
Are wailing to greet us there ;
Forgotten the burden of mortal woe,
Untasted the earth's despair.
Oh, well, when we kneel ai the Master's feet,
May we lliank his tender love,
That saved the bitter and gave the sweet
In the cup they quafTabove.
But thanks and praise for the dear ones gone
To dwell in the peace of God ;
No longer weary, or spent, or lone,
No longer under the rod ;
Learning and growing day by day.
Where they count not life by days.
Treading forever the upward way —
For these let us offer praise.
Swiftly and surely the hour will come
When, dropping the load of care,
We, too, shall wing to the better home.
And be found of the loved ones there,
For the family life, and the family love.
Are safe in the Father's thought ;
And one and all to the house above,
Shall his ransomed at last be brought.
In one town of Michigan, The IVoman's Jour-
nal says, " The women seem to have everything
their own way. In Decatur, with a population
of one thousand five hundred, all the town
officers are women, with the exception of the
dog-catcher — no woman wanted that office.
The leading physician is a woman ; two women
conduct the principal restaurant; the proprie-
tor of the largest dry-goods store is a woman ;
there are women shoemakers, painters, harness-
makers and florists, and a woman postmistre
Of course the saloons have all been shut up."
Truthfulness and Sincerity.
(Concluded from page 277.)
In C. H. Spurgeon's lecture on George Foj
he calls attention to his care to be truthful
his language — He says: — • .
" He had learned the noble habit of ve
plain speaking. I do not suppose that mai^
beyond your Society will acquire the habit
using the ' thee' and ' thou' in conversation, b
that practice was a significant part of a vfti
precious whole. It was a portion of a grei
moral principle, namely, the use of words
their proper signification, and not wresting the
from their right etymological position. Oi
admires that incident in Fox's journal whe
one of his persecutors says to him, ' Mr. Fo
your obedient servant.' ' Beware of hypocrij
and of a rotten heart,' replies Fox : ' when w
I ever thy master'? and when wast thou evi
my servant'? Do servants put their masters^
prison '?' What a blow for poor complimenb
Possibly you never had a writ, or a notice i"
county court action, addressed to you and sig
'your obedient, humble servant,' but that
the style of thiugs with the world. ' Oh yc
know,' says somebody, 'everybody knows wh;,
it means.' If a man writes a letter full of abus,
he begins, ' My dear sir.' J^o matter how muft
animosity may be in a man's heart, he will 1
sure to address you as ' my dear sir,' and u
the usual false compliments of the fashion. Tbj
might not be so bad, if it were not a part of til
most terrible and crying mischief which is a;
parent everywhere, of persons using words Lot
non- natural sense, or in a sense not generalit
allowed.
" Many of the terms of business are
rupted from their meaning that they convey i
false idea to the common observer, even in i
plain matters as numbers and quality; but tlj
reply is, ' Well, everybody knows what it meaiii(
it is the custom you know, and therefore vl
may do it.' I ask why is it the custom to sj
in words which are not true ? Every reli|
is thus tainted now. I do not know wh
you will approve of what I am about to sa}
but I cannot refuse to say it. I feel that whel
a clergyman takes a child in his hands, spru
kles it, thanks God that it is regenerate, an
teachers that child afterwards to say, ' la n
baptism, wherein I was made a member i
Christ, a child of God, and an inheritor of til
kingdom of heaven' — if that clergyman
not believe that such baptism made the chil
'a member of Christ, a child of God, and a
inheritor of the kingdom of heaven,' he is guillii
of a dishonest utterance. It is a hard thing t
say, but I cannot help saying it ; the words ai
very distinct and plain. If he really is such
fool as to believe that those few drops of watt
have made the infant 'a member of Christ, (
child of God, and an inheritor of the kingdoB
of heaven,' why then we cannot find fault witll
his so saying; but we must leave him
and pray that he may be enlightened ; but h
saying that, he really does not believe it,
in his preaching tells his people that they musj
be born again in quite another way tlian ii
that of baptism, then, brethren, I cannot ss
otherwise than that such a course of action i
dishonest. 'But nobody understands those word
as they stand,' says some one. This, howevei
is not true, for we find a numerous body wh
boldly advocate Baptismal Regeneration, am
quote these words as the foundation of thei
Third Mo. 27, 1807
THE FRIEND.
285
.'aitli. The highest Tractarianism defends itself
jy tlie plain and evident meaning of declara-
ioDS which good evangelical Clirislian men
lave solemnly assented to. Now is this justifi-
ible? Ought we not above all other things to
i)e plain, simple and straight-forward in matters
ivhich concern the eternal interests of men's
!Oul§? What wonder is it if tricks played with
ianguage by the professed ministers of Christ
ibould lead on to trickery in the commercial
;,vorld ?
I "The practice of cooking accounts, issuing fic-
titious reports, and creating imaginary capital,
!s but another phase of shiftiness in the use of
■erms, and there are some found to defend it
ijpon the principle that everybody knows it's
iilways done; and one is not to judge high
inancing by the same rule as small transactions.
' " The commercial morality of this nation to a
earful extent is corrupted. If I make any
illusion to this melanchcdy foct, people say,
'Ah! you do not understand business.' Now,
:f business were a correct thing I think I could
iinderstand it, if it were conducted upon per-
fectly honest and straight-forward principles.
t am not such a simpleton as not to be able to see
svhen a thing is honest or dishonest ; and if there
pe a mode of conducting business which is so
ntricate, shuffling, and complex that 1 cannot
understand it, and that no other minister can
jnderstand whether it is honest or not, then I
iay it is something which needs looking into,
ind requires alteration. When a common-
feense Christian man cannot understand business,
|t is time that business should know that it has
ao business to be such business as it is. Should
lOt a Christian man — I am sure the disciples
if George Fox should— be transparent in his
ausiness transactions? He should be such a
man that if any one should pop in and look at
lis accounts, he should have no need to lock
jp his books because of improper entries. He
ought never to manipulate accounts so as to
3onfess, ' Well, that is a very awkward piece
jf business; but if so and so turns up it will
:aever be heard of, and we shall net a handsome
Sum, although, if another event occurs, we shall
oe shown up, and most men will call it a piece
of roguery.' Is it so, after all, that success
■nakes a doubtful transaction right, and that
failure makes it wrong? Really, friends, this
ivill not do. This common fabrication of wealth
lutof mere paper, the making of affairs to ap-
pear as they are not, the conjuring and legerde-
main by which capital is created, and shares
vhrust upon the public; this lying and stealing
m a large scale — for that is the English of it —
will undermine the position of England amongst
the nations, unless something be done to stay it.
We had better go back to ' thee' and ' thou'
with George Fox, and tell men that they are
hypocrites and have rotten hearts, if we believe
'hey have, rather than keep on complimenting
Jach other, and uniting to maintain a fictitious
'tate of society. The old Scotch proverb is,
Ca me and I'll ca thee.' ' Thou treat me a
man of wealth, and I will treat thee the same
and as we both are men of straw, we shall keep
2ach other up.' Thus holding hands together
in a confederacy of untruthfulness they hope to
be believed, and come to believe in themselves ;
but when the great Heart-searcher comes to deal
with us, he will do so upon very plain and sim-
ple moral principles, and not at all in the fashion
in which some men have dealt with their fellows.
I thought it necessary to say this, and if it should
be a cap to fit the head of anybody here, I hope
he will wear it.
" There is another respect in which we greatly
need to return t(j the example of George Fox,
to whom with all due deference to your manners
and customs, I would most surely take off my
hat if I met him, and excuse myself by declar-
ing, 'George Fox, I must and will pay you
more respect than I do most men, and I will
for once even venture on a compliment that is
distasteful to you, for I so honor your character.'
George Fox is to be admired for the sway which
conscience had over him in little things. Take
that hat matter as an instance. It is not a mat-
ter of wonderful consequence after all whether
a man takes his hat off or keeps it on, except-
ing as it may be with him, as it was with Fox,
a matter of conscience. If I believe it to be a
matter of conscience and principle with me, I
am not to ask questions as to how far I shall
be obedient to the inward monitor, but must
follow it at once in the smallest things, for if I
get in the habit of violating conscience in small
things I shall go on to something greater, and
so on again till I have no conscience left, or
only a conscience that is seared. A child may
have an unfortunate propensity to steal some
little thing, it may be only an apple; but still,
if the parent shall wink at that fault, the child
will grow up to be a thief. Your child may
tell a story a little differently from the way in
which it occurred, and if you do not correct it
at once he may turn aside from the truth, till
the habit of truth-speaking may be lost. So
then, it is not the wearing of the hat or the cut-
ting of the coat in itself that matters; it is not
the importance of the thing itself intrinsically ;
but it involves the whole of obedience to the
higher law, or wilful rebellion. If an action is
right let it be done; if it be not right let it be
avoided, however little and contemptible others
may think the case to be. The sway of Fox's
conscience is to be seen in the fact of his never
inquiring what other people would think of
him, but resting in the liberty of the Divine
presence It is my firm belief that
the question never once entered George Fox's
mind, as to what anybody would say about
him. ' What does God think of me?' was his
ruling thought. Am I acting according to the
voice of God within my heart? If I am, the
unclean may hiss at me, or thrust me into
prison, or call me what they will, but it matters
not, I shall rest in peace, because my conscience
is void of offence; but if all men speak well of
me, then shall it be woe unto me if the still
small voice within shall tell me that I have not
acted rightly in the sight of God."
Reminiscences of Mahlon Hackett.
This worthy Friend and able minister of the
Gospel lived in the State of North Carolina.
The meeting within whose limits he resided had
greatly gone down, so that, for a time, no one
attended it but himself, which he was concerned
to do regularly. On a certain occasion he felt
an engagement to arise and speak by way of
ministry. This, doubtless, was a trial of his
faith, there appearing to be nothing but the
empty benches for him to address. However,
yielding to this apprehension of duty, a man
finally came crawling out from under one of
them, who sat down by Mahlon, and the influ-
ence of Divine good was so sensibly felt by him
that he continued to come and attend on meet-
ing days. Doubtless they verified the truth of
the Saviour's promise to the " two or three
gathered in his name." others being drawn to
attend, it became, in time, a considerable meet-
ing. One of the members became negleciful of
the duty of assembling in the middle of the
week, and Mahlon resolved to arouse him to a
sense of his duty. Not being expected, he felt
constrained to send him a m&ssage to the fol-
lowing effect. The man had sent one of his chil-
dren to borrow of him something he wanted)
Said Mahlon to the lad, " Is thy father going to
meeting to-day ?" "No; he cannot go, for he
is going to move to his new house." "Tell thy
father that Mahlon Hackett says that if he
does not go to meeting he will have no house to
move to." I can scarcely conceive how, know-
ing, as he must have done, the character of his
admonisher, he could have disregarded it. But
being determined to follow out his original plan,
he took his children, with a load of goods, to
the new home, and, returning for another, came
in sight of the new hou.se only to find it in
flames.
Some time prior to the Separation of 1828,
Mahlon paid a religious visit to the Northern
States, during which the following incidents
occurred. It was a peculiarity with Mahlon to
be ready for service early in a meeting, and
sometimes before it was fully gathered. Accord-
ingly, once having arisen before all had gath-
ered in, his companion could not forbear re-
minding him of that fact. " They are all in that
I am going to preach to," and he went on with
his discourse. My informant said that it was
probably so, that he felt all he had a message
for were then assembled.
While visiting families, he found them at a
certain house, all seated, awaiting his arrival
He went around, taking each one by the hand,
stood a moment, and then, saying, " Live in love
and die in peace," walked out without sitting
down. It was a large family, all in apparent
health, yet in a few months nearly all were
taken away by death.
Attending the meeting at New Garden, Co-
lumbiana C<mnty, Ohio, then a large and flour-
ishing one, he told them that it would not be
long before that house would be a habitation
for owls and bats. This was literally fulfilled at
the time of the Separation. Those called Or-
thodox built a new house, the others disagree-
ing, the meeting was soon lost. And I have
heard my father say that often, when riding by
of evenings, he had seen the bats flying in and
out at the broken windows.
The next meeting was Sandy Spring. An
old man of my acquaintance gave me the fol-
lowing relation concerning that meeting, he be-
ing then a boy and in attendance. He said
Mahlon jumped up rather suddenlv, saying, " I
guess I've come in on you at the back door!
Yon are a nice-looking company of Friends.
Why, you look as if butter wouldn't melt in
your mouths ; but when you are behind the door
out of sight, a great chunk of cheese as big as
my fist wouliln't choke you."
My informant said that when this came he
saw a smile pass over the faces of nearly all
assembled, and that Mahlon then went to por-
tray them as (to use my informant's words) " a
set of hypocrites," nor did he judge him much
out of the way therein. Something of an amus-
ing tendency is at times useful.
Jos. Hoag, attending a meeting somewhere
in the Southern States, apprehending, I sup-
pose, that his remarks were not making much
impression, made a full stop, and pointing up-
wards, said, "I wish you would stop that hole
in the roof, for everything I have said for the
last half hour has gone out at it."
An elderly woman with whom I was well
acquainted in Ohio, told me she remembered
286
THE FRIEND.
Third Mo. 27, ISt
well that eccentric minister, G. Withy, being
at their meeting ; that he began by giving them
a lecture on the careless and unruly manner in
which they were sitting— then, pausing, said,
"I think I could get along better if you didn't
stare at me so !" Proceeding, he remarked what
an unseemly thing it was to see people gaping
in a religious meeting. Pointing with his finger,
" There is one gaping now !" he said. But when
he had got through this, got them settled down
into a state to hear, oh, how he did preach to
us.
The late Thomas B. Gould related that when
M. Hackett was at Newport, and desired a pub-
lic meeting, he, in giving notice, fell into con-
versation with one who was a Baptist in pro-
fession. The man did not give any promise of
attending. But Mahlon, as he so often did, was
speaking, early in the meeting, when Thomas
saw this man come to the door, but finding how
things were, drew back as not wishing to make
any disturbance. Mahlon, however, noticed him,
and said, " Come in !" The stranger ofiering to
sit down near the door, Mahlon said, " Come
forward !" and, pointing to a seat, said, " Sit
down there," and, immediately leaving tlie sub-
ject he was engaged upon, he took up baptism,
and Thomas said he had never heard the subject
opened as Mahlon was favored to do it that
day.
From the sublime to the ridiculous is said to
be but one step. Accordingly, it being at the
time those called New Lights were making much
disturbance and speaking often to the exercise
of the right-minded, not only in meetings but
private houses, one evening, as there seemed to
be a drawing into silence where he was staying,
not wishing to take part, he was going out,
when an old woman, sitting near the door, sup-
posing him ignorant of what was in progress,
undertook kindly to enlighten him by saying,
" They are going to have a settin'." " Let them
set till they hatch ; I ain't going to have any-
thing to do with it," and strode on. This, it is
to be feared, broke up their intended service.
When that valued minister, Hinchman Haines,
was in New England, about that time, one of
this class fastened himself upon him as a com-
panion, nor could he rid himself of the incum-
brance. It was one of the prime articles of their
creed, that there was no evil spirit separate from
man's natural propensities. Where they were
staying one evening, the host was relating some
evil doings in the neighborhood. "This is the
work of the devil," said the companion."
"What is he risen again?" said Hinchman.
" I thought you had killed the devil and buried
him ?"
This was too much for the would-be compan-
ion, who thereupon took himself off, leaving
Hinchman to go on his way rejoicing.
A minister of another denomination, familiarly
known as Father Mills, was taking a solitary
walk, when he met several graceless youths, who,
designing some amusement, one of them, speak-
ing for the rest, said, " We have just heard some
news, Father Mills, that will be bad for you."
"Ah ! what is it?" " Why, the devil is dead"
(bad for him, as his occupation would seem to
be gone). He raised both his hands, " Poor,
fatherless children ? What will become of you ?"
I conclude these reminiscences of M. Hackett
with the following incident:
A certain young woman, upon whom two
suitors were waiting and who was desirous of
knowing which of them would be the most suit-
able companion, went to a meeting at which
Mahlou was, hoping, I believe, that some guid-
ance might be vouchsafed. Mahlon was speak-
ing as she entered, whereupon, pointing with his
hand, he said, " Thou that art hesitating which
of two to choose, choose neither," and imme-
diately resumed his discourse.
I find that, in writing of John Salkeld, I
omitted one incident so characteristic, I subjoin
it.
Being in company with some military officers
who were pretending they were running him
upon being a Quaker and for his peace prin-
ciples, they having glasses before them, he asked
them what they were drinking. " It is stewed
Quaker. Would not you take some?" " I don't
care if I do." Taking a little sip from the glass
they handed him, he said, " This is very good."
Another sip. "Stewed Quaker is very good. I
think you would have to stew a Presbyterian a
great while to get it as good as this." J. K.
For "The Friend."
Letter from Germany.
I remember having promised to write you an
account of my last and most delightful trip in
the Harz, which was made two days before
leaving. I had not the time then to do it, and,
once put off, the right opportunity never seemed
to offer itself. I can scarcely realize, as I count
back and find that it was five months ago,
how rapidly time has flown. Five months, as
one looks on ahead, seem such a length of time
— but to look back upon it, it is only a breath !
It is all very clear in my mind, however, the
events of those three delightful days through
which the trip lasted. I can feel the fresh, clear
air that came up the valley that morning, and
see the rosy glow in the sky behind the moun-
tain to the east, that showed the day was break-
ing, although it would be a long time yet before
his rays penetrated to where we were. It was
thus in the coolness and freshness of the early
morning that we started out, my small com-
panion and I, from the Forsterei, at the foot of
the mountain, along whose sides rambles the
quaint old town, St. Andreasberg. We had had
an invitation to spend a day and a night with
relatives of a friend, the former living in Claus-
thal, another town of the Harz, situated, as the
Germans count distances, something over five
hours from Andreasberg. One can reach this
town by train in about as many hours by chang-
ing cars several times and travelling half-way
around the outer border of the Harz Then,
too, there is a stage line going direct over the
mountains. But who, when one could walk,
would think of taking a stage, even with the
privilege of sitting up by the driver. Oh, no;
that would lint be half so delightful. And a
train ! But that was not even to be dreamed
of! So we started fresh and early, climbed the
steep road to the town, and there took the regu-
lar chausee leading to Clausthal. I have told
you before that the roads in the Harz are every-
where perfect — really you can hardly believe
how perfect — the foot-paths, in their way, quite
as well as the chaussees. Of course, the latter
are always more interesting for pedestrians. But
in this particular ease, we had no choice, as we
wished to take the nearest road. Wherever
there was a view to be had, there one would
find a rustic seat, and often, also, where there
was no view, as the way led mostly through tall
timber.
There was comparatively little climbing to
be done, as both towns lay at about the same
level, namely, a little over two thousand feet,
and the road we took went along a ridge that,
later, broadens out into a plateau. One most com-
forting fact, as one tramps about in the Har:
is the certainty of finding the roads marked i
the most accurate manner at every possible poiii ,
where one might be in doubt. If it is a narrovi
path one is on, then the trees are marked everj
few hundred feet with certain colors, sometimei
quite a string of them, and as one comes t
where the ways divide, each color goes off in it
own proper direction, and one can easily fin'i
what each color means, for, in the maps of tbi
region given out by the " Harz Club" all thisii
clearly explained.
On the chaussees there is a stone post about
foot high, placed every hundred meters, wit
the number in kilometers large, and the hundr&i
meters small, as a decimal, so, " 9. — 9.1 — 9.2-
9.3," &c. But, as the markings began from Clatiii
thai in this particular case, we came to them all
backwards. At first we were very light-hearteci
and, as we met no one, we entertained ourselve
by repeating all the poems which the small com!
panion had learned in school, and which I hail
been forced to learn from her in our variou''
walks, so as to keep the peace. When theaj
were exhausted, we repeated those she ha''
learned from me, by way of retaliation,
which were rather more to my taste. But(
this, after a while lost its charm, and we had fc
resort to new expedients to make the way
short. We came finally upon a scheme whicP
lasted all the rest of the trip. First, after not
having paid attention for some time, we woull
guess what number would be on the next stonf
(I confess that, as a rule, I would be wrongs
the small companion right), and then we would
try to walk the hundred meters in a minute
and the kilo-meter in ten, or else we would ruii
races from stone to stone. By variations of thji
simple method we managed to have a great de»'
of fun (at least, one would have judged so frOBi
the laughing one might have heard), and wheij
we came into Clausthal, about half-past twelve!
we were neither tired nor able to tell how tbi
time had gone so quickly. As we reached th
centre of the town, we found the " Market Plat*
filled with peasants sitting behind their wares
mostly eatables, exposed for sale, for we hat
happened on a market-day. It presented a ver
pleasing, lively spectacle.
The family whom we were to visit lived in i
large house facing the market. Having sough
it out, we were made at once very comfortabll
by a cordial welcome, and remained there unti
the next noon, when the small companion rel
turned by stage to Andreasberg, and I continue
my way, on foot to G )ilar, the place of all othew
that I had most wanted to see in the Harz.
It was a hot, dusty walk fully half of the waji
and I met so many people that I did not enjoj
it especially — the walk over, I mean — and at
rived, quite overcome with the heat, in Gosla
about half-past four. But the sight of the ol'
town revived me, I wasted no time, howevei
in finding the Hanover Hotel — which, by th
way, is the best, and, in fact, only hotel iu tb
place to which a woman could well go alone.
Having secured a room, I rested for half ai
hour. I ordered a cup of coffee in the pleasan
garden back of the hotel, and at the same tim
a small guide of the town, both of which wer
soon brought to me. Here in the coolness an'
freshness of the garden, I could study the pla
of the town, take my bearings, and decide upoi
my course.
Judging from my own state of ignorance bi
fore coming to Germany, I take it for grante'
that you do not know exactly why Goslar is s
well worth a visit. Well, I will tell you. Bu
I kird ]
[o. 27, 1897
THE FRIEND.
287
irst, let me ask you a question. Did you ever
indeitake to straighten out the history of Ger-
uany way back in those centuries following the
)reaking up of the Empire, under the sons of
Jbarleiuagne? If you have never straightened
his out, I will not undertake to do it for you —
inly this I will say, that the last ruler of the
ine of Charlemagne died a. d. 911, and was fol-
owed by a certain Konrad, after whose death,
light years later, Germany became an Elector-
ate—I mean, elected her emperors. Asagene-
al thing, however, when the emperor gave sat-
sfaction, the crown passed from father to ton.
''ollowing Konrad, came a list of Henrys and
')tto's, who belonged to the Saxon dynasty, and,
ifter some interval, followed the Hohenstauffen
ine, foremost among whom was the famous Bar-
larossa. It is supposed to have been Heinrich
,. who, sometime in the early part of the tenth
jentury, founded Goslar. About this time silver
nines were discovered in the mountains just
iiack of the site of the town. Tliey were found
p rich that the attention of the Emperors was
oore and more called this way, and finally,
deinrich II., or "de Hoilege" (the Holy), made
,5oslar the imperial residence. This was about
V. D. 1000, and, for well on to two hundred and
ifty years the town remained warmly favored
)y his successors, who made it, from time to
ime, tljeir residence also. Heinrich VI. was
lorn in the old " Kaiser-haus," and his heart
3 buried there. Following a. d. 1250 came a
ime when Goslar no longer rejoiced in the im
,)erial smile and her importance declined when,
luring the fifteenth century, as a member of the
lowerful Hausa, she reached a state of pros-
:)erity never equalled either before or after-
wards iu the course of her history.
, But enough of this. Feeling, at last, thor-
•ughly refreshed, I started on my tour of ex-
iloration. The hotel was just outside the wall,
,nd in entering the town I must pass through
n old gateway with high towers, in places quite
•vergrown with vines, which softened a little
heir massive, formidable appearance. But how
an I give you any idea of Goslar ? I stand
imply appalled at the thought ! Those wind-
Dg, narrow streets, where one could shake hands
cross from window to window ; those houses
overed with quaint, and often grotesque, carv-
ugs and mottoes ; the old churches and towers
tnd cloisters; the brook that came down through
-he quaintest part, with its old mills and funny
iridges, and the still funnier old women, wash-
ng clothes along its banks and chattering to
.ach other. Oh, this all means so little! If you
ould only see it ! It was so delightful to turn
iip some narrow lane between high walls and
;ome out on some tower or house or square
oore surprisingly quaint than anything yet,
ndtoask questions of some dirty-faced urchin,
:0 be laughed at, and then to laugh back in
■eturn, for it was not information that one
i^anted, but simply some means of giving vent
0 one's overwrought sensations. But, after all,
he most deliciously fascinating thing about I
joslar is the roofs. Oh, those roofs ! You have
loticed that roofs have a peculiar effect upon
ne, have you not? I canuot analyze the sen-
ation, and do not profess to understand it, but
•t is at all events real. But the roofs of Goslar !
"hey are nearly all covered with slate taken
rem the mountains near by, and often the whole
lOuse is covered with them. But the charm does
iOt lay in the slate, for there are houses there,
lew ones, or else old ones remodeled, covered
a the same way — but oh, s) ugly — and simply
ecause the owner had taken the pains to have
the tiles all cut in definite shape, and arranged
in straight lines or figures. And tlien to have
a house that stand.s solid and erect on all-fours !
It is so much more fascinating to be a little
tipsy, and rub one's head against one's neigh-
bor. No; it is only the tipsy, rambling, jolly
old houses that are so delicious. There goes a
roof higher than the rest of the house it.self,
cutting the sky like the blade of a knife. Then
comes one unpretentious, simply low and flat,
then another half as high, and so on and so on
— and always one roof, rambling down the street
with its wild, impossible lines and tiles of dif-
ferent shapes and sizes. Yonder is a little broad-
faced, smiling house snugged up against a big
one, like a little child inside its mother's sun-
bonnet, and by the side of that a half-grown
youngster taking refuge under the cape.
After one has looked a while one begins to
woiider whether the houses, after all, may not
be straight, and one's self tipsy, and one seeks
about (or a pest or something to hold on to. But
it is no matter, the effect is delicious, all the
same. The two things that every one must see
in Goslar are the " Kaiser-haus" and the " Rath-
haus." It was too late to visit the latter that
evening, though 1 walkeil around it a good deal,
but I succeeded in joining the last group that
was admitted into the former, for which I was
very grateful. Ou the way to this latter build-
ing, I stopped at an old convent dating back to
the thirteenth century. It is now used as a home
for old widows of the poorer classes. On enter-
ing, one comes into a long, narrow hall, very
dark, which, in the old days, was the diuing-
room of the monks. On both sides were ranged
the cells, each of which was now inhabited by
an old woman. One of the inmates advanced as
I entered, and offered to show me around. There
were also many other visitors lookingabout. The
most interesting thing there was an old chapel,
with an altar-piece decorated with a very rude
carving in wood of thecrucifision, which, though
in itself unpretentious in the extreme, is of great
interest owing to its antiquity. There is not
much more to be seen, except the kitchen, where
each and every one did her own cooking, and
the court-yard, where a number of crippled and
wrinkled old grandmothers sat chattering to-
gether, and who answered my greeting with a
friendly nod and smile.
I reque
room, still exactly in the same condition, so far
as the walls are concerned, as it was when built,
so many centuries ago. What touched my im-
agination was the window-seat, built in the thick
walls, so that when one sat there, one's head
came just up to the little window that looked
out on the street. At the sight of this the old
woman, with her furniture, vanished like a
dream. The cell stood empty, except for the
one solemn figure of a cowled monk straining
his neck to get a glimpse into that world from
which his vows separated him forever, but to
which his heart ever and anon turned, a sin for
which he would make amends by and by with
the scourge that hung on the wall yonder. After
I had left the cold shade of the damp old build-
ing, the vision still clung to me, and yet, when-
ever my thoughts wander thitherward, I see the
same monk sitting there, stretching his neck,
and he is very much more real than anything
which I did in reality see.
Most impressive is the sight of the old " Kaiser-
haus," as one comes to the imposing stone ter-
race, with its handsome grounds. It has been
recently restored to as nearly its early condition
as is possible. The only trouble with it is that
it is too new, for nearly all is restoration, as
very little of tiie old walls luid been left stand-
ing. Its great attraction is the immense " Reichs-
saal," forty-six metres long and fifteen broad,
with the throne in the centre, at one side. It u
at present being decorated — is, in fact, nearly
finished — with magnificent paintings by .
At this point I stopped to refresh my memory
by a look into the guide-book, but I failed in
finding the name. I do not believe, however,
that you have lost much. These pictures illus-
trate scenes of importance in the history of Ger-
many. E. S. KiTK.
In a discussion at the Nineteenth Century
Club, in this city, lately, on "The Future of
Man in the Light of Evolution," Prof. John
Fiske, said :
" It is an era of skepticism, when all things
in Heaven and earth are called upon for their
credentials; but it is a mistake to think that
the end of religious belief is at hand. !So far
from religion and the churches coming to an
end, we shall see a revival surpassing that of
the thirteenth century, which built the great
cathedrals of Europe. We cannot prophesy
anything ; but it is logical to believe from de-
duction in a future world, because the progress
of development as shown is opposed to a doc-
trine of extinction. The doctrine of evolution
is distinctly in favor of the doctrine of a future
life." — The Independent.
Tiiou must hold communion with God, or thy
soul will die.' Thou must walk with God or
Satan will walk with thee. Thou must grow in
grace or thou will lose it.
THE FRIEND.
THIRD MONTH 27, 1807
HADDOSKIELD QUARTERLY MEETING.
This body convened at Haddonfield, N. J., on
the eleventh of Third Mouth. The weather was
tiue, the roads iu good condition and the at-
tendance large.
After a time of silent waiting, several of those
present seemed to feel their minds impressed
with concerns for the good of the people, and
sought to find relief by expressing them. Christ
was held up to view as the foundation of reli-
gion, and the importance of the doctrine of Di-
vine revelation was enforced. Warning and
entreaty were offered to those who had not fully
yielded to Divine visitations, no longer to keep
out of their hearts the Saviour of men who was
seeking to enter and bless them.
We were reminded that the right movement
to all religious work must come from the Sjjirit
of Christ iu each individual heart, and that the
advice or the example of others, was not a suffi-
cient authority.
Yet it must be borne in mind that such ad-
vice may, and often does, come from the opera-
tion of that holy Spirit on the hearts of others,
and therefore, if rejected, we are in danger of
going counter to the Divine will. We have our
treasure in earthen vessels, and ought to be will-
ing thankfully to accept whatever help the Lord
is pleased to aflbrd us, either immediately or
through the aid of instruments.
How edifying is the advice of that wise elder,
Isaac Peningtou, to Friends of Chalfont :
"Friends, you that are weak, bless God for
the strong. You that have need of a pillar to
lean upon, bless God that He hath provided
pillars in his house, and in fear and the guid-
288
THE FRIEND.
Third Mo. 27, 189:
ance of his Spirit, make use of these pillars, who
are faithful and have ability from God, in his
power and glorious presence with them, to help
to sustain his building, even as they had ability
from the Lord to gather unto Him. He that
despiseth Him that is sent despiseth Him that
sent Him ; and he that undervalues any gift,
office or work that God hath bestowed upon
any person, despiseth the wisdom and disposal
of the Giver. Are all fathers? Have all over-
come the enemy ? Are all given up in the life ?
Are all stars in the firmament of God's power?
Hath God made all equal? Are there not dif-
ferent states, different degrees, different growths,
different places, etc. ?
" Then, if God hath made a difference, and
given degreesof life and gifts different, according
to his pleasure, what wisdom and spirit is that
which doth not acknowledge this, but would
make all equal ? O my frieuds, fear before the
Lord ! Honor the Lord in his appearances,
and in the differences which He hath made
among the children of men and among his peo-
ple. He gave prophets of old, and the rest of
the people were not equal with them. He gave
evangelists, apostles, pastors, teachers, etc., and
the other members of the churches were not
equal with them. He hith given fathers and
elders now, and the babes and young men are
not equal with them."
SUMMARY OF EVENTS.
United States. — Tlie President has .'Jent to the
Senate the nominations of John Hay, of the District
of Cohimbia, to be Ambassador to Great Britain;
Horace Porter, of New York, to be Ambassador to
France ; Henry White, of Rhode Island, to be Secre-
tary of the Embassy to Great Britain, and Powell
Clayton, of Arkansas, to be Minister to Mexico. All
the above nominations have been confirmed by the
Senate.
Eepresentatives of the Powers have notified Secre-
tary Sherman of the beginning of the blockade of
Crete. Merchant vessels of neutral Powers, including
those of the United Stales, while subject to overhaul-
ing by the blockading warships, are not to be disturbed
in their ordinary commercial occipalions, if they carry
n.) merchandise f.ir the Greeks or insurgents It U a
quesuon whether our Government will give its assent
to this form of blockade, which involves a grave de-
parture in international law, and would establish a
precedent.
The Topeka Capital publishes a statement claiming
that the mortgage indebtedne.ss of Kansas has been
reduced forty-five per cent, in seven years. About
$40,000,000 of Kansas mortgage debt is held by people
outside the Slate.
The State of Nevada, having legalized prize-fiijht-
ing, two notorious pugilists engaged in this brutal
sport last week. One New York paper announced
that it had engaged the services of Jolin J. Ingalls,
eK-United States Senator, of Kansas, and at one time
presiding officer in the United States Senate ; also the
Governor of Nevada, as reporters for its columns. On
the other hand, the Christian Arbitration and Peace
Society adopted a resohition recording "its sorrow at
the very general interest taken throughout in the
jiersonal contest between two noted prize-fighters,"
and protesting against '• this exhibition of bruiality."
The Public Ledger, of this city, refused to report the
details of the tight, and editorially condemned and
deplored the disgraceful and demoralizing occurreme.
This action of ihe Ledger has been commended by the
Methodist, Baptist and Presbyterian Ministerial As-
sociations of this city, and the editor has received nu-
merous letters of like import from many private citi-
zens, including Friends, both of our own and the Race
Street organization.
According to the Galveston News, " In spite of a con-
tinuous multiplication of courts and authorities, we
liave gone up from 1,440 murders in 18S6 lo 14,000
murders in 189(i. In many insla^ces the courts have
contributed to this alarming increase by ilel lying jus-
tice, and by methodically neglecting lo protect the
citizen who depended upon the law. ,\n I this is not
all. Many a criminal has been given his liberty as
the price of campaign help rendered by his influential
! relatives and friends. Many a candidate has been
elected to ofHce under the expectation of his consider-
ate forbearance toward certain classes in their regular
business of violating the law."
In consequence of floods in the Missis-sippi River
and its tributaries, thousands of families in Arkansas
and other States have been driven from their homes.
A number of lives have been lost, and breaks in the
levees are reported at several points. Many square
miles were under water.
According to the Ekclrical World, Philadelphia has
a greater mileage of electric railways than the whole
of Germany.
Wallham, Mass., had .336 less arrests for drunken-
ness last year than in 1895. During the past year it
has been un ler no-license.
Deaths in this city last week numbered 543, which
is 22 more than the previous week, and 34 more than
the corresponding week of 1890. Of the foregoing, 263
were males and 280 females: 102 died of pneumonia;
59 of consumplicm ; 34 of heart disease ; 27 of old age ;
21 of influenza; 20 of apoplexy; 17 of inflammation
of the brain ; 16 of inflammation of the slonach and
bowels; 15 of diphtheria; 14 of convulsions; 14 of
nephritis; 13 of bronchitis; 12 of Bright's disease; 11
of scarlet fever ; 11 of whooping cough ; 10 of inani-
tion ; 10 of marasmus; 10 of typhoid fever; 10 of
croup, and 9 from casualties.
Markets, (ftc. — U. S. 2's, 95 a 97; 4's, reg.. Ill a
lU.V; coupon, 113 a 113|; new 4's, 123^ a 123J ; 5's,
114 a 114.V; currency 6's, 103 a 106.
Cotton was quiet and unchanged, at7|-c. per pound
for Middling uplands.
Feed.— Spot bran ranged from $13.50 to $14.00 per
ton fur winter in bulk, and §12.75 a $13.35 for spring
in sacks.
Flour. — Winter super, $2.50 a $2.75; do., extras,
$2.75 aS3.10 ; Pennsylvania roller, clear, $3.90 a $4.10;
do., do., straight, $4.20 a $4.30 ; Western winter, clear,
$3 90 a $4.10; do., do., straight, $4.20 a $4.35; do.,
do., patent, $4.40 a $4.60; spring, clear, $3.50 a $3.75 ;
do., straight, $3.90 a $4.15 ; do., patent, $4.25 a $4.40 ;
do., favorite brands, higher. City mills, extra, $2 90
a $3.15; do., clear, $4.00 a $4.20: do., straight, $4,25
a $4.40 ; do., patent, $4.40 a $4.60. RrE Floor.—
$2.25 a $2.50 per bbl. as to quality.
Gkain. — No. 2 red wheal, 84J a 85c.
No. 2 mixed corn, 27J a 28c.
No. 3 white oats, 22J a 23ic.
Beef Cattlje.— Extra, 5 a 5ic.; good, Z% a 4Jc.;
medium, il a 4|c.; common, 4J a 4fc.
Sheep and Lambs. — Extra, 4| a 5c.; good, 4| a 4|c.;
medium, 4 a 4|c.; common, Z\ a 'A\c.; lambs, 3| a 6c
Hogs. — Best Western, 5J a 6c.; other Western, 5J a
5|c.; State, 5 a 54-c.
Foreign. — During last year no less a quantity than
67,551,959 pounds of tobacco wassmoked in the United
Kingdom, an incri-ase of over 2,000,000 ponnd.s, as
compared with the preceding twelve months. While
the population has increased by one per cent., the in-
crease in the consumption of tobacco is three per cent.
A proclamation issued by the foreign Admirals, an-
nouncing the conditions under which autonomy will
be granted to Crete, promises the adoption of measures
to regulate the workings of complete autonomy for the
island, and guarantees to every one, of whatever race
or religion, perfect liberty and security of property.
The proclamation concludes by saying: ''A new era
is opening for Crete. Let all persons lay down their
arms. The Powers count upon the co-operation of
Christians and Moslems alike to aid in the task which
promises to injure order and prosperity."
Great Britain insists upon the Powers giving Greece
two weeks' notice before the foreign warships blockade
the Pirajus, the port of Athens, and the port of Volo,
in Thessaly, and is not in favor of Russia's project
that the foreign troops in Crete attack the Greek
array of occupation and compel their witwdrawal.
It is stated that a Federal Union between the Trans-
vaal and the Orange Free State has been decided upon.
Among the Recent discoveries maile by means of
the Ronlgen rays, rep irted from Berlin, are several
relating to diseases of the heart. It has been observed
in cases of asthma that the right half of the diaphragm
stops work during the attack, and the left half is com-
pelled to bear all the exertion.
A company has been formed which made an offer
to the municipality of St. Petersburg lo light all the
streets of the city with electric lights for the same
price that is now paid for the very unsatisfactory
lighting with oil lamr
ps.
The We^lmin.ster Gazette says: "The annual report
of the So.iety for the Protection of Birds contains one
or two interesting statements to which attention may
be directed. With regard to the use of birds am
feathers in personal adornment, it is stated that thf
'grosser and more repulsive forms of this mode' ar(
nudoubteiily less often seen now than in ancient years
It must now be generally known that the wearing o
stuffed birds on hats is regarded with feelings of ex
treme disgust by a large and constantly increasing por
lion of the public, and that knowledge has no', beet
without efTect. The trade in stuffed birds has deelinet
enormously. Those who continue to offend by exhibit
ing such barbarous ornaments as gul's, terns, parrots
paroquets, and various other stuffed birds in thei
hats, can but excite surprise rather than admiration
In the ' lamentable passion ' for wearing ' ospreys ' o,
aigrettes of white herons' feathers, there is, however
little change. The fact that a few of the finest sample
of these plumes have been sold in the London feathe
market at the enormous price of £10 per imnce aflbril
strong evidence that the white egret is still being pur
sued to extermination."
The Consul General of the United States at Hone
lulu has given out the results of the census latelj
taken in Hawaii. This shows the total population o
the islands to be 109,020, the native Hawaiians num
bering 31,019, the Japanese 24,407, the Chinese 21,
616,the Portuguese 15,191, half-breed Hawaiians8485
with a few thousand Americans, British, Germans, etc
A preparatory Antartic expedition will start f^ron
Melbourne during the summer, and will pass the win
ter on Victoria Lani. The main expedition, wilh twi
ships, will set out after the return of the first expert!
lion, and will proceed southward along the meridiui
of Kerguelen Islands. One of the ships is to remaii
there while the other will attempt to reach the mag
netic pole and the South Pole.
The French Line Steamship Ville de St. Nazaire
which sailed from New York on Third Month 6th
bound for the West Indies, foundered at sea. Of he
eighty-two passengers and crew only four are knowi
to be saved. These arrived on the 17th instant on tin
schooner Hilda, after a week's drifting about the At
lantic in an ojien boat, during which twenty-four n
the twenty-eight occupants went mad or died of star
NOTICES.
Frien'ds Freed.mens' Association, of Philadel
phia. — A public raeeling in the interests of our schoo
at Christiansburg, Va., will be held at Twelfth Stree
Meeting-house, on the evening of Second-day, Thir(
Month 29th, at 8 o'clock. Booker T. Washingto:
of Tuskegee, Ala., will be present and address tli
meeting. Friends generally and others interested ar
cordially invited to attend. By order of the Associa
tion, Elliston P. Morris, President.
Westtown Boaedixg ScnooL. — The General Cun
mittee meet in Philadelphia, Sixth-day, Third M
26th, at 11 A. M. The Committee on Instruction mee
the same day, at 9 A. M. Wm Evans, Clerk.
Tract Association op Friends. — The Annu;
Meeting of the ^'i^ociation will be held in the Con
mittee Room of Arch Street Meeting-house on tli
evening of the 31st instant, at 8 o'clock. All interests
Friends are invited to attend. Edward Maris,
Philadelphia, Third Month, 1897. Clen
Westtown Boarding School. — Applications fc
the admission of pupils to the school, and letters i
regard to instruction and discipline shnuld be iii
dressed to William F. Wickersham, Principal.
Payments on account of board and tuition, an
communications in regard to business should be foi
warded to Edward G. Smedley, Saperintendent.
Address, Westtown P. O., Chester Co., Pa.
Westtown Boarding School. — For conveniem
of persons coming to Westtown School, the stage wi
meet trains leaving Philadelphia 7.17 and 8.46 A. m
and 2.53 and 4.32 p. m. Other trains are met whe
requested. Stage fare on regular trips, fifteen cent
on special trips, twenty-five cents each way. To reat
the school by telegraph, wire West Chester Phone S
Edward G. Smedley, Sup't.
Died, Third Mo. 7th, 1897, in St. Louis Co., Mi
souri, Richard Chambers, in the sixty-ninth ye:
of hie age ; he was a niember of the Monthly Meetir
of Friends of Phila lelphia for the Nortliern Distrit
THE FRIEND.
A Religious and Literary Journal.
VOL. LXX.
SEVENTH-DAY, FOURTH MONTH 3, 1897
No. 37.
PUBLISHED WEEKLY.
Price, if paid in advance, $2.00 per annum.
^ Subscriptions, payments and business comn
J received by
I Edwiu p. Sellew, Publisher,
' !No. 207 Walnut Place,
(South from Walnut Street, between Third and Fourth,)
PHILADELPHIA.
Articles designed for insertion to be addressed to
JOSEPH WALTON,
i MooRESTOWN, Burlington Co., N. J.
I Entered as second-class matter at PhUadelphia P. O.
)iary and Letters of Deborah Brooks Webb.
(Continued from page 2S2.)
1884.— On the twenty-sixth of Third Month,
pydear husband was taiien ill with acute bron-
hitis, and it soon developed into pneumonia.
!le was very patient and the doctor gave us en-
ourageraent, but on the morning of the sixth
f Fourth Month, he passed away from us about
jur o'clock, and I am a widow. The interment
)ok place on the ninth of Fourth Month. I
ave a humble hope that he is accepted of the
'ather, for our or}' has been great to Him for
liany days and weeks. We had lived together
^ rauch sweetness fir seven months and four
lays. I can thank thee, oh, Father that thou
ave him to me. My own health seems poor,
ut may I serve thee all thou wouldst. Thou
ast promised to be a God of the widow. Oh,
8 pleased in mercy to give me wisdom and
leekness for every emergency.
In allusion to this event, she writes to a friend
nder date of Fourth Month 12th, 1884 :
"'Blessed are the meek, for they shall in-
erit the earth.' How often I used to read that
romise, and wonder if it would ever be mine;
)r in my short life there have been so many
)re things to be endured, and I would query,
id He not see me? Well, He has seen, has
eard and worked marvellously indeed to bring
bout all, all this. How I can adore his mercy
ow, but miss my dear one so much. Nightly
'e had our good little time together in secret,
nd if not expressed before, my yearning cry
■as as I left his side that he might be fitted for
n entrance into the pearl gates, little thinking
. would be so soon. . . So that it is all in
oodness and mercy, and I have my quiet as-
arance, too, that he, my dear S , is safe."
lu another letter dated Sixth Month 8th, al-
Jding to some thought of leaving Parkerville,
he writes, " As it seems that our Heavenly
'ather performed almc»st a miracle in bringing
18 here, I can scarcely see how it should be
is will to take me from the place so soon. I
ould not see my way to West Chester Meeting.
May He give us heavenly wisdom, so
ood to guide poor, frail man. I feel much bet-
?r than before our little round to our ^lonthly
leetings. Sister H. Savery was so kind, and
18 dear Master helped, so that I hope his own
work will i)e revived and renewed in the hearts
of some. Our mid-week meetings so small, but
First-days larger."
Ninth Mo. 30th.— The Quarterly Meeting's
Committee have been attending the Monthly
Meetings as they came in course. On the fourth
of this month I felt as if I must offer to visit in
Gospel love the families of New Garden Jlonthly
Meeting. D. E. C offered to accompany me,
and we proceeded in much unity of spirit. Our
exercises were often very great, and the work
weighty. We wanted the pure hidden life,
reached and raised up. We need elders that
will keep their spirits down, often with their
mouths in the dust before the Lord, for the
arising of his power to help the poor ministers
at such times as well as at others.* There are
those here to whom we are nearly united. We
finished this .service on the twenty-eighth, with
the feeling that the Lord himself had been good
to us. Praises and thanksgiving be unto his
Holy Name."
In allusion to this visit, she writes Tenth
Month 5th, to her friend, R. S. A :
" We have nearly finished (the families of
New Garden), only two more visits remaining.
Dear D was such a help to me, and now
we return, feeling that the dear Master has been
so good to us. Thy dear letter reached me — I
just wanted a word of cheer from thee and thou
gave it. We wanted to reach the sweet, pure
life in the hearts of the people, and truly our
Shepherd went before, often helping with his
' resurrection power' to bring the feeling. Day
after day it seemed just so, and we had to be
encouraged. . . . Now my spirit gives thanks
and power in the anthem, " Great and marvel-
lous are thy works. Lord God Almighty I Just
and true are all thy ways, thou King of saints."
Twelfth Month.— At' our last Monthly Meet-
ing at Parkerville, Z. H and D. E^ C
opened a concern to visit families in this meet-
ing. I felt that I must accompany them. We
passed through it, to the peace and satisfaction
of our minds, the blessed Presence going with
us, we humbly believe. Oh, our Father, give
the fruits, and the increase we beg of thee.
Raise up thy life in these parts, and give us
more faithful, concerned members.
The following is from a letter to her friend
R S. A , of Eighth Month oOlh, 188.J:
" To go through our daily duties, with a spirit a
little loose from them, lifting up our hearts on
high ; communing at times and breathing for
preservation. Ah, this makes us feel that heaven
is beautiful, and we long to be there."
188.5.— First Month 7th.— To another friend :
" There were many at meeting to-day, on the
men's side, but my dear Heavenly Father let
* That truly anointed elder.s, when sent nn religious
service as companions to ministers, will be bron;;lit
into a feeling of sympathy with them there is no
doubt. It is understood that our late beloved friend,
Clarkson Sheppard, remarked that upon more than
one occasion, when under exercise in a religions meet-
ing as a minister, he was eonsciou-; of his friend and
companion, James Emlen's mind being similarly en-
gaged for his support and right direction.
me remain silent. This silent worship, when a
whole congregation is baptized into it, is very
solemn. I long for a deeper bajitisin of his
Spirit for our a.-^emhlies. I long for his hand
to be laid upon sons and daughters, to raise
them up in the ministry, throughout our Quar-
terl)' Meeting. 'If two of you shall agree con-
cerning a thing, and shall ask,' etc., cannot we
be the two or three to plead for these good
things according to his command to pray for
laborers ? Yes, dear heart, the Lord's cause is
worth being spent for?"
' Parkerville, Third Month ]9ih, 188-5.
" ' The melancholy days are come, the saddest
of the year' — yes, on the twenty-sixth of this
month, last year, my S , ray dear S ,
was taken ill, and now I am looking back over
it all, and can truly say that the Lord gave
and the Lord has taken away ; blessed be his
Holy Name — yes, blessed for all his mercies.
. . The ministry is often a mystery to me,
for in a moment of time and unexpectedly to
the poor, empty vessel, a whule vision of service
may be m:\])ped out. Thy remarks brought to
mind at the time, when the word was brought,
of my ' recommendaiicm ' to the ministry, how
tears would come and in the secrecy of my
room the living comfort came, ' Fear nf)t, the
lion of the tribe of Judah hath prevailed to
open the book and to unloose the seven seals
thereof.' If it was only He, and not myself,
then I was content to be the clay. But the hu-
miliation of the creature is so great, we have to
feel deeply for any one called in that line ; and
poor L , if she is to be an instrument, has
much to go through ; but childdike simplicity
sweetens it all.
" But, dear, that morning* is so marked in
my memory by the crown that seemed to be al-
most as a halo just above us, and you, my en-
deared Friends, were to be partakers of it.
Marvellous are his doings in our midst. He
does not fiiil me, and let us trust all in his dear
hands."
In her diary she writes, " In the Sixth Month
it .seemed laid upon me to offer a visit to the
families of London Grove Monthly Meeting.
My dear friend D. E. C obtained permission
to go with me — both of us members of the Quar-
terly ^Meeting's Committee — which precluded
the necessity of asking for a minute from home.
This service was very humbling. We were bap-
tized into the state of things at Kennet Square
for the members who are so far from meeting they
cannot all attend. Some of us thought it would
be well to have an indulged meeting there."
Under date of Eighth Month 27th, 188.5, she
wrote to her friend R. S. A " At the Quar-
terly Meeting (Western), on the presentation of
a requirement sometime previously, thy poor
friend had felt like Jonah, but the dear Master
strengthened, and I had to ask for the shutters to
* Alluding to supplication in a family in which she
quoted the passage, " I am now ready to be ofl'ered,"
etc. " Henceforth there is to be laid up for me a crown
of glory, and not for me only, but for all who love his
appearance."
290
THE FRIEND.
Fourth Mo. 3, ISy,
be opeDed, for ajoint select session. Friends feel- them. They cut brush about four feet long
ingly agreed, aud ray helpmeet D joined me | and pile it up twenty leet high and «= Inno- m;
afterwa'rds in labor'for the sleepers.
The case
of Elisha, where the young prophet brought of
the wild vine and knew it not, and threw it into
the pot. The sleeping and worldly spirit brought
death into the meeting particularly our smaller
meetings. Elisha said, Bring in a handful of
meal ; it was put in and healing experienced.
Our Saviour was the bread of life, so if He
comes with us into onr meetings, we are healed."
Eighth Month. — Our Committee still con-
tinued in the Quarterly Meeting. The Friends
of Colora, Md., asked for an indulged meeting.
Eleventh Month.— The dear Master is work-
ing wonderfully for the Colora Friends, and I
have a humble hope that one at least will be
raised up as a Samson of old to carry on the
Lord's work in that place. The preparation
for the ministry is indeed a humbling work, we
must lay down our wills, that we may follow
his will, and speak the word of the Lord only."
In allusion to the visit to families of London
Grove Monthly Meeting, she writes to her
friend, R. S. A , " I must tell thee how it
has been faring with me. Thou knew of the
Quarterly Meeting's Cnmmittee in our parts?
Well, my companion D. E. C. and myself had
visited all the families but London Grove and
that loomed up before me in uncertainty and
shrinkfulness at times, but the seal was set in
the Select Yearly Meeting, sitting by thy side.
J. E. R's deep, sweet supplication reached to
the witness, probably in many hearts, and I
guess the Master answered.
" We asked permission of the London Grove
Monthly Meeting and obtained consent. G
and Amy Sharpless acccompanied us, and wt
were helped, helped. Oh, my dear, I could al
most sing aloud of his mercy and goodness in
answering the humble petition of my soul for
mercy. Have mercy upon me! Have mercy
upon me, for thy dear Son's sake, and touch my
lips with a live coal from off thy holy altar,
that the words I speak may be living words.
This, at every sitting was the almost agonizing
cry, and hlesjcd be his holy Name forever. He
heard and my soul adores in humble prostra-
tion, ^ly precious companion was helped, too,
and we feel peaceful.
(To be conllnued.)
Arabian Nights' Fancies and Latter-
day Facts. — The Germans imagine that they
have fairy kobolds, sprites, and gnomes which
play under ground and haunt mines. I know
a real one. I will give you his name. It is called
"gravitation." The name does not sound any
more fairy-like than a sledge-hammer. But its
nature and work are as fairy like as a spider's
web. I will give another sample of his helpful
work for man.
In the mountains about Saltzburg, south of
Munich, are great thick beds of solid salt. How
can they get it down to the cities where it is
needed ? Instead of digging it out and packing
it on the backs of mules for forty miles, they
turn in a stream of water, make a little lake,
which absorbs very much salt — all it can carry.
Then they lay a pipe, like a fairy railroad, and
gravitation carries the salt water gently and
swiftly forty miles to where the railroads can
take it everywhere. O, it goes so easily. There
is no railroad to build, no cars to haul back,
only to stand still and see gravitation do the
work.
How do they get the salt and water apart?
0, just as easily. "Jhej ask the wind to help
they "please. Then a pipe with holes in u is
aid along the top, the water trickles down all
over the loose brush, and the thirsty wind blows
through and drinks out most of the water.
They might let on the water so slowly that all
of it would be drunk out by the wind, leaving
the solid salt on the bushes. But they do not
want it there. So they turn on so much water
that the thirsty wind can drink only the most
of it, and therest drops down into great pans,
needing only a little evaporation by boiling to
become beautiful salt again, white as the snows
of winter.
There are other minerals besides salt in the
beds in the mountains, and, being soluble in
water, they also come down the tiny railroad
with musical laughter. How can we separate
[hem so that the salt shall be pure for our
tables?
The other minerals are less avaricious of
water than salt, so they are precipitated, or be-
come solid sooner than salt does. Hence with
nice care the other minerals can be left solid
on the bushes, while the salt brine falls off.
Afterward pure water can be turned on and
these other minerals can be washed off in a so-
lution of their own. No fairies could work
better than those of solution and crystallization.
FR03I "The Episcopal Recokdeb."
Life Term Confession of " Bruises and Putre-
fying Sores."
JOSIAH W. LEEDS.
When George Fox, in the year 1650, being
but twenty-four years of age, was thrust into
Derby jail for the testimony of Jesus, although
miserably charged with being a " blasphemer,"
he says of the occasion :
" While I was here in prison, divers profes-
sors came to discourse with me. I had a sense
before they spoke that they came to plead f jr
sin and imperfection. I asked them whether
they were believers and had faith ? They said
yes. I asked them in whom? They said, in
Christ. I replied. If ye are believers in Christ,
you are passed from death to life ; and if pas
from death, then from sin that bringeth death :
and if your faith be true, it will give you vic-
tory over sin and the devil, purify your hearts
and consciences (for the true faith is held in i
pure conscience), and bring you to please God
and give you access to Him again. But they
could not endure to hear of purity, and of vic-
tory over sin and the devil."
When George C. Grubi>, the " low church ''
Episcopalian evangelist, with Edward C. Mil-
lard and several others, were at Dunedin, New
Zealand, in the course of their mission tour,
1892, they stood in behalf of and not agaii
the foregoing Scripture truths which Fox had
maintained before the professors of the^stab
lished Church, in the common jail at Derby,
two centuries and a half ago. "\Vhen Millard,
being accosted on the street by a citizen, ex-
pressed his belief in " holiness, without which no
man shall see the Lord," the other called out
with uncontrollable indignation, " Damnable
doctrine !" Laying his hand gently on the arm
of the stranger, Millard reminded him that " the
Lord distinctly teaches in the Scripture that He
came to redeem us from all iniquity, and that
He does not want us to go on sinning after we
are born again. If I sin," he continued, " it is
not God's fault ; He has provided a way so that
we may be kept from sin. ' These things write
I unto you, that ye sin not, and if any man sir
we have an advocate with the Father, Jesus
Christ the righteous.' ' Tell the Lord, indeed
Nonsense !' and he shook me off like a viper
and made away as fast as he could go without
another word. ' Able to keep you from falling
and to present you faultless before the presence
of his glory ' " (Jude xxiv).
At Wanganui, also in New Zealand, a mis
sionary to the Maoris, of the Church Missionarj
Society, was so impressed by the simplicity o
service ofthe visiting brethren, and the evidence
of God's blessing upon their labors, that having
had a season of silent waiting before the Lord
his heart was so cleansed and filled that he be
came a changed man. Laying aside his ok
manuscripts, he trusted the Lord to give him !
message that would come straight from thi
heart. In an extended letter written eigh.
months later to George C. Grubb, in whicl
ere no evidences of a pleading for imperfec
tion and sin, but, rather, the language of grea
joy for the soul's purification that had heei
vouchsafed him, he says : " Oh what gloriou
times the dear Lord has given me since wi
parted at Napier, the night you left for Gis
borne! 'Joy unspeakable and full of glory
just expresses it. Over and over again I hav
prayed to the Lord not to give me any men
joy, because flesh and blood could not endum
it ; but He taught me to pray for a bigger heart
and now there is room for all. I used to sing
' I've reached the land of corn and wine,' etc.
but I did not know anything about it then
and now the Lord has stationed me on tin
highest mount of Beulah Land, and it is al
glory. ' Praise the Lord, O my soul.' ' My sou
doth magnify the Lord.' "
I will now go back in the narrative to refe
to an incident happening at a town not fa
from Melbourne. A woman from a distance, conii
ing up to the wife of E. C. Millard, at the clos
of an afternoon meeting appointed for her, said
in great distress, " that the real hindrance to he
definitely receiving the blessings brought for;
ward so prominently in the mission was, thai
the clergyman in the parish where she lived han
told her that every blessing was received iij
baptism and confirmation, viz: regeneration a,
baptism, and the power of the Spirit at confir
mation. The lady told him that Mr. Grub!
preached quite differently, and she had hean
him say that many needed forgiveness of sin
and the power of the Spirit, although they ha(
been both baptized and confirmed." " Oh, sai(
the clergyman, " that is easily accounted for b;
the fact that Mr. Grubb belongs to the Churcl
of Ireland, and their prayer book is totally dii
ferent to the Church of England." The narra
tor, however, adds, " There is no material dii I
ference."
The writer of this article, a member of th
Society of Friends, is not conversant with tli
differences, large or small, of the two forms
nor, again, just how the.se differj from the bool
in use in the Reformed Episcopal Church.
About a century and a half ago, Thoma
Chalkley, of Philadelphia, wrote an epistle en
titled, "Some truly tender scruples of conscienc
about that form of prayer called the Commoi
Prayer, as used by members of the Church o
England," in which he considers chiefly tb^
four following self confessions, which he believe
lead to much sorrowful perversion in their prac
tical applications, namely : " We are miserabl
sinners," " We are full of"bruises and putrefyin;
sores," " From the crown ofthe head to the sol
of the foot, there is no soundness in us," " W'
ourlh Mo. 3, 1897
THE FRIEND.
291
have left undone the things which we ought to
do, and do those things which we ought not to
io" — all these to be repeated for life. I quote
!i single paragraph of Chalkley's comment:
I " If a congregation of sucii people as these say
'ruly — and if they do not say truly, what will
the consequences be, let the wise in heart judge
—can such a people be the church of Christ, or
lis spouse, or beautiful bride ? Christ saith : ' If
he inside be clean, the outside will l)e clean
ilso ;' and He came to cleanse the souls of poor
nortals, and to heal thera, and wash them from
in, and He doth it by his spiritual baptism and
he fire of his word. The above-said people do
)oth 'Promise and vow that they will forsake
.'he devil and all his works, the pomp and
>anity of this wicked world, and all the sinful
lusts of the flesh, and walk in God's holy will
iod commandments all the days of their lives,'
ehich is the very highest pitch of perfection
.ny man or Christian can attain in this life ;
'.nd yet, contrary to those vows and solemn cov-
tnants, they tell the Almighty, from time to
lime, that they are unsound, nay, that there is
10 soundness in them ; but that they are putre-
ied from head to foot, and by their common
practice intend to tell Him so as long as they
ive in this life; this is unsound work indeed:
Ind truly those who are tenderly conscientious
oay well scruple to join with it, or with those
vho are in such ways, words and works."
' In the ranks of fashionable society, among
hose who figure as its leaders and devotees,
iielighting in its card playing, its theatres, its
lallsaiid dances, we find a large proportion who
re bound to the forms and ceremonies of re-
igion, taking it for granted that the soul's
lOrmal condition in this life must be one of
bruises and putrefying sores," and that in some
.'ay, through the self-confession of the lips in
he u<e of a form of words, this sadly diseased
piritual state must be more or less healed. The
estimony of Grubb and Millard agrees with
hat of Fox andChalkley, that the coming of the
jord Jesus Christ from heaven was not to save the
•eopie ill their sins, but/ro))! theirsins, and that
:Dr those really concerned to follow Him in the
vay of holiness, it was folly to ask God " to fill
vith the Holy Ghost till He had been allowed
0 make empty by cleansing i'rom all sin."
Remmiscences.
I It is, I believe, generally known, that there
;as quite an awakening — mainly through the ,
abors of S. Grubb and I. Pemberton — both at '
'yrmont, in Germany, and Minden, in Prussia,
century ago, and that meetings were settled
a both places A neighbor of mine in Ohio,
/ho used to reside in the latter place, often
poke of the almost primitive simplicity, zeal
nd integrity which characterized the members
eventy years ago.
: Prominent among their ministers was Henry
leyer, a man, as my friend said, "of a discern-
]g spirit." One instance he gave of such dis-
erning was the following:
" Having appointed a meeting in a place
■'here he was a stranger, after it vvas over, seve-
al who had been at it were in the room where
lenry was staying, and as one of them went
ut, Henry said to the master of the house.
There will a great judgment befall that man
afore long.' 'Oh,' said the other, 'you must
e mistaken, for he is a very religious man.'
I care nothing for his religion,' said Henry.
There will a great judgment befall him be-
)re long.' A few days after, this man, go-
ing into a smith shop, a piece being struck
off from a bar of red-hot iron, it lodged in his
shoe, making a deej) burn, which inflamed,
and, in spite of ail effort, extended up the limb
until it took the man's life. Bt^fnre he died,
however, he told those about him, that when a
young man, being employed on the farm he then
occupied, an attachment having sprung up be-
tween himself and his master's young wife, she
had promised to marry him if he would put the
old man out of the way. That he had followed
his master up into the mow, struck him with an
axe, and thrown him down the mow-hole. Being
found lying on the barn-floor, it seemed so natu-
ral to suppose that he had accidentally fallen, and
been killed thereby ; that no suspicion had arisen
of foul play ; that lie had continued to work for
the widow, and at length, when it would cau.se
no remark, they were married. He, it appears,
had lived all his life with the reputation of being
not only a moral, but a religiou.*, man, and yet
he could not die without making this confes-
sion."
A worthy Friend in Ohio gave me this very
remarkable account of Ann, wife of Jonathan
Taylor, who died in Ireland, while on a religious
visit : " That she, in company with a man friend,
was travelling, on horseback, on religious .ser-
vice; that a violent storm coming on towards
evening, and it seeming almost impossible to
get to the quarters they aimed at, they stopped
to ask shelter for the night, at a house near by,
the master of which, after some demur, and in
consideration of the inclement weather, allowed
them to stay. Ann took her seat in a rocking-
chair, near the open fire place, but seemed greatly
distressed, and, upon the woman of the house
asking her to take off her bonnet, etc., replied,
' Oh, no ! I cannot stay here.' Rocking back-
ward and forward, she wrung her hands, saying,
' Oh 1 I cannot stay here. I cannot stay here I'
The woman, in amaze knew not what to make
of her doing so. At length, the two men, hav-
ing got the horses attended to, came in and
drew up to the fire to warm, the man of the house
taking his seat next to Ann, who was still wring-
ing her hands and saying, 'I can't stay here ! I
can't stay here!' She immediately stopped, and
looking him full in the face, said, 'Ahab, Ahab
killed Naboth, and so thee is going to kill thy
wife to-night!'
'"The man replied, 'No such thing. It is al-
together a mistake.' ' No mistake at all,' said
Ann. ' Thee is going to kill thy wife to night,'
and she went on preaching to him until he broke
down and confessed that such was his purpose,
and that he had made preparations to commit
the crime. Whereupon Ann took off her bon-
net, and staid quietly. But how must the in-
tended victim have felt? It would seem prob-
able from the allusion to Naboth, that a desire
to obtain money was at the bottom of the de-
sign. How clear must have been the sense of
duty to have enabled Ann to address a stranger,
in his own house, in such language!"
Returning now to Henry Meyer, my friend
said he had what he called "a gift of healing."
As he was remarkably successful in his practice,
and would take no pay for it— as viewing it to
be a gift — he was naturally popular as a prac-
titioner. But it being contrary to law in Prussia
for any one destitute of a diploma to do, and a
physician, living near, being watchful lest any
should trespass on his reserved rights, Henry
was so often fined for his well-meant efforts, as
to be forced to decline going when called on,
until his enlargement was effected in the follow-
ing manner :
A neighbor, having two children very ill,
came beseeching him to try to save thorn, say-
ing they were sinking in spite of the doctor's
eflbrt-s for their relief. But Henry told him that
he could not come, as he would be sure to be
fineil, which he was unable to |)ay. At length,
in his distres-s the father said, "Come and do
what you can, and I will pay the fine." " Well,"
said Henry, " tell the doctor to be there, and I
will meet him."
They found the children very low, indeed,
and Henry made this proposition, " Thee take
either one thee chooses, and do thy best for it,
and I will try the other." The one left under
Henry's care seemed so hopeless a oa-se that the
doctor said, " If you can raise that child I shall
never interfere with your practising again."
In the event, the doctor's patient dieil, while
Henry's recovered. The doctor keeping his
word, way was thus opened for Henry to exer-
cise his gift.
My friend said that it was usual to have the
building enclosed by a wall or fence, and that
large, fierce dogs, chained in the day-time, were
turned loose for protection at night, and that
Henry, being in a neighbor's enclosure after the
dog was unchained, it came at him, as if it would
devour him ; but, upon Henry's saying, " What,
wilt thou bite the Lord's servant?" dropping
his head, went quietly away. It was only evil-
disposed persons he was commissioned to bite,
not the Loni's servants.
One, convinced of Friends' principles, and who
had joined the Society at Minden, had suffered
greatly for his testimony against war, refusing
to drill when drafted. The sergeant having him
in charge, at length, through weariness of in-
flicting punishment, seized the musket he was
in vain endeavoring to make him carry, and
struck him a severe blow over the shins, saying,
" Begone !" He said it did hurt him exceed-
ingly, yet he dared make no complaint, but
managed to hobble off.
Coming, later, to America, he took up or pur-
chased new, uncleared land. There was much
hard work to be done, but he was well satisfied
with his entertainment, saying, "I expected to
have the nut to crack, before I got the kernel."
Being industrious and economical, he prospered,
and, when I knew him, was what is called
"well-to-do," his children settled around him.
He now went on a visit to his fatherland, and
finding the old sergeant at whose hands he had
suffered so much still living, he went to see him,
and asking him if he remembered how he had
used him, told of his coming to America, etc.,
adding, "And now I am able to buy a dozen
just such men as thee !"
Had he been as humble as when under suf-
fering in his youth, he would have been little
likely to have made this boast ; rather to have
felt reverently thankful to Him who had blessed
him. " When Jeshurun waxed fat, then he
kicked." J. K.
His Idea of Rest. — A business man accus-
tomed to hard work for many years usually
finds idleness irksome. Jlen who have been
actively in the harness, as a rule, do not like to
retire, although retirement in old age is the
goal of the average worker. A successful Chi-
cagoan, who has reached sixty years, said to me
the other day : " I am going to quit. I have
worked for thirty years without a week's vaca-
tion ; now I am going to rest for thirty years.
I have earned every dollar I possess ; now I
intend to spend money and stop worrying about
accumulating it."
292
THE FRIEND.
Fourth Mo. 3, 189
I applauded this determination and inquired
how he intended to spend his leisure.
" I have bought a homestead in Blank," he
said, naming a small Michigan town, "and I
shall remove there with my family and simply
wallow in idleness and contentmtnt."
"But how will you pass your spare time?" I
insisted.
" Well, I'll hunt and fish," he said.
>' Good— but that will not keep you busy the
year round," I ventured.
"Xo: but I shall read. I'll take all the
papers. I will get together a little library, too."
" Will that occupy all your extra time?"
"Oh, I shall walk aboiit a good deal, I dare
say. Exercise— you know — great thing for an
old man."
"Is that your entire programme?"
"N-no; not exactly," he said, hesitatingly
"I'm going to organize a private hank down
there and manage it." — Chicago Times- Herald.
For "The Friend."
The Atonement.
Friends' Views Respecting it.
The Importance of Believixg in its Efficacy.
A denial that there was any benefit derived
by mankind from the Saviour's offering in his
niiraculously prepared body, has been generally
accompanied with a disparagement of the Scrip-
tures, and also with a denial of the Divinity of
our Saviour ; even a denial of the Divinity of
Him who declared, before " Abraham was I
am"— of Him who declared, " I beheld Satan as
lightning falling from Heaven" — of Him of
whom the Scriptures declare that without Him
nothing has been made that was made — of Him
who could forgive sins — raise the dead — heal
diseases. Some also have doubted there being
any hereafter, any evil spirit, any Heaven, any
hell.
In contrast to these doctrines, and in meas-
ure because of them, the religious world drifted
in the opposite direction, to a less objectionable
doctrine, but yet beyond the limitations of the
Gospel.
Reversing the disparagement of the Scrip-
tures, the Scriptures were declared to be the
onbi rule for conduct, etc., thus setting them
above and in measure dispensing with the Spirit
which wrote them.
Instead of denying the value of the atonin
sacrifice, the reverence for it culminated too
nearly in the doctrine that salvation ensued
from a literal belief in the history of it. This
evangelical belief, as it has been termed, for
awhile somewhat displaced the unitarian doc
trines; but the latter in turn are again coming
to the front, perhaps as a reflex from the too
superficial "only believe" faith.
Friends believe that all who are saved, are
saved by virtue of the atoning sacrifice, but
that the benefit of it only conies by^ co operation
with the Spirit of Grace in the heart, and that
this may be realized by those who never heard
of the history.
Avoiding the harsher views of unbelief, the
tendency of the present age seeks refuge in a
modified, or as it is called, a reasonable faith.
It speaks of Christ's death upon the cross in
the terms " atone-nient" and "reconciliation,"
and as to himself adopts a quotation "The
highest possible manifestation of God in man ;"
terms which may be sincerely used respecting
the .sacrifice and Divinity of Jesus, without
inten<ruig lo convey equivocal meanings; hut
they may also he subtly used, so as apparently
not to contradict the direct terms of Scripture
as to his propitiatory oflering and Divinity, and
yet be intended to "deny both in effect.
Refuge is also sought in the doctrine that all
that is needed is a correct life, in obedience to
the Grace in the heart, even though with a
denial of what the Saviour has done for us
without us,— a doctrine expressed in another
way, but closely resembling that which Thomas
Evans designated as " false and anti-Christian
doctrine."
The great plan of Redemption is a mystery,
the reason for which no mortal is called upon
to give,
" For God hath not designed,
Toshed his great omniscience on the lowly finite mind."
No preliminary explanations are given as to
why Abel and Cain were required to bring their
offerings to the Lord, but it was afterwards writ-
ten that Cain's were evil, and his brother's were
righteous and more excellent, but natural sacri-
fices were required from man to his Creator till
all were done away in the great offering on Cal-
vary.
The idea that " we are not lo believe that
which we do not understand" does not apply
to matters spiritual and Divine; for " through
{ailh we understand that the worlds were formed
by the word of God," and many other things
we cannot explain ; and we have the words of
the Saviour himself which we must accept
unless we deny the Scriptures, that He came to
" give his life a ransom for many."
The doctrine that " belief is no virtue and
unbelief no crime" is also a flimsy covering as
to Scripture declarations, and avails nothing
for Divine things v/hich ought to be believed.
There are those who profess to believe there
is no God, but the Psalmist designated such a
one, who has said it in his heart, as " The fool."
It is not for mortal man to decide the ques-
tion whether those of exemplary lives who do
not believe in the efficacy of the death of Christ
upon the cross, are accepted into the company
of the ' Lamb slain from the foundation of the
world.'
" We must all appear before the judgment
seat of Christ," and it is of His mercy and not
by works of righteousness which we have done
He saved us — and with Him alone rests the
question of the necessity of a belief in the value
of his offering.
It is true that a saving belief, a realization
of the truth and virtue of what is to be believed,
is something far deeper than an intellectual
assent to its verity, and it cannot be had with
a spirit of indifference.
The promise of coming into the heart and
supping, was cou|)led with the condition "if
any man will open the door," and so of the
capacity for belief, there must be an openness
for it before there can be the enjoyment of it,
Those who have never heard of the sacred
History cannot be held responsible for a w
of belitrf in it, but for all who have heard, and
yet doubt, and waver, and are not fully pe
suaded, can there be a more appealing attitude
than that of the father, who, agonized on his
child's account, cried out with tears, " Lord, I
believe, help Thou my unbelief." Whether a
want of belief brings any to the awful position
of a denial before the Father and the holy
angels our Saviour alone will decide, but the
doctrine of the Society of Friends is this, " The
remission of sins which any partake of is only
by virtue of that most satisfactory sacrifice and
no otherwise." Should any believe differently
they have no right to the name of Friends.
(To be concluded.)
Selected.
ODE TO SPRING.
Spring comes dancing o'er the mountains
Eadiant vviih jiy and bloom.
Kissing into life ihe fountains.
Freeing Nature's heart from gloom ;
Gaily down the misty meadow
In its vernal robes arrayed,
Followed by a train of beauty
Trips the merry-hearted maid.
SSee her as she stoops to mingle
AViih the grasses here and there
Violets of blue and purple
Taken from her golden hair !
See her as she lightly (lances
By the brooklet wihl and free,
Planting on its dimpled borders
Lily-bells for you and me.
To the distant, dreaming woodland.
Now she quickly hies away,
Clothing it with leaf and blossom.
Changing Winter's night to day ;
Flowers in her pathway gather,
While the birds, in glad surprise,
Warble notes of love and welcome
To the queen of sunny skies.
Now beside a f.iunt she lingers.
And the while she gently sips—
In return the conscious waters
Drink the nectar from her lips.
Gratefully they praise the giver.
Gladdening her heart with song,
As, to kiss the winding river,
Fairy-like they glide along.
Streams and birds and blooming flowers
All their grateful homage pay ;
And shall Man — her charms unheeding-
Fail to laud her while he may?
Can there be a heart so selfish
That it mav not gladly sing
Once again the songs of childhood
At the coming in if Spring ?
Blessed Spring ! How pure and holy
Are the joys tlion bnngest here.
How deliglitful are thy fotitsteps.
To my soul, ihy form hew dear!
'Tis unknown how much I love thee;
Love thy wealth of golden hair.
And thy face of angel beauty.
With the gems that sparkle there.
O, if thou could'st linger nigh ns
With thy witching smiles and flowers,
Many an earthly ill would vanish
And a brighter life te o\)rs!
Glowing Summer, Autumn, Winter,
Each their priceless treasures bring;
But to me there's none can equal
Those that gild thy path, O Spring!
John Fo
Selected for "The Fribhii.'\
THE SHEPHERD'S CHARGE.
' Feed thou my lambs." The loving charge
The Lord to Peter gave.
He gives to thee, and bids thee haste,
His scattered flocks to save.
Lead them where Truth's pure fountains flow, I
And life's green pastures spread ;
And let no longing, hungering one
Go from the feast unfed.
Feed them with manna from the Word,
Fresh gathered for the day ;
And bring them where love's banner broad
Shuts out the noontide ray.
To those that err, the sweet reproof.
With tender pity speak ;
And guide with patient, loving hand,
The wayward and the weak.
Remember, too, the souls that stray
Afar on sin's dark wold ;
Nor rest whal'ere the toil, until
Thou win'st them to the fold.
Be zealous for thy sacred trust.
Nor falter, faithful one;
And thou at eventide shalt hear
The Master say, " Well done."
lourth Mo. :i, 1897
THE FRIEND.
293
For "THE KRIE.ND."
A Day at Matherton, Beaufort, S. C.
: Our northern Friends, who Irom time to time
•nd us packages of second hand clothes and
Ijdding, often express a wish to know how we
ispose'of them. Will kind editor please insert
le record of a cold daj' given helow, as it will
low them how we appropriate their gifts. It
ill also convince them that most of their bene-
isiaries are needy little children, or the pro-
ssed followers of Him who has said to them
lat feed, clothe or befriend such, " Inasmuch
ye
lave done it to one of the least ot these.
brethren, ye have done it unto me. '
"Early on a cold, bright morning, crisp and
ear, when the ground was white with frost,
;id every pool glistened with ice, a colored
an appeared at my door. In a beseeching
.ne, he said, "Please, misses, let me cut wood
r you ; we's nuffin at home for eat." We gave
m hot coffee and corn bread ; then he cut
vay at the wood-pile, and was paid in grits
id meat. Presently a little girl on the piazza
,;gged for shoes for her brother. " Ma says
ij can't go to school barefoot, it's so cold, and
i wants to come bad." Shoes were put into
=r hand, and the happy child hastened home.
i When school had convened, 1 invited each
acher to send me her barefoot pupils; in ihey
,me, and the scantily clad, shoeless group
ood around my warm hearth fire.
With the help of two ohler pupils, we put
loes and stockings on these shivering boys,
)od warm jackets, too, over their pitiable rags.
Ine lad exclaimed, " I'se too glad for this nice
'lat!" Said another with a broad grin on his
ithetic face, " Won't ma laugh when she sees
IB a running home with tliis warm jacket on ?"
'!ow the ebony faces of these sad-eyed little
en glowed with delight as they turned and
,isted each other around before the fire in
utual admiration. I wish the donors of these
othes could have witnessed the scene.
No sooner had the happy children returned
i their school-rooms, and a class was sent in to
e, than a knock at the door was answered
Come in auntie; it's too cold to stop on the
lazza; but you must wait till I've heard this
lass read before I can attend to you." Then I
quired, " What brings you here. Aunt Jane,
is cold morning ! " Distresf, Misses, I has'nt a
]g in de house for eat ; the draught ruined my
;ters; the storm blowed away my cotton ; my
irn is all done gone. I hab nutfin at all
] help myself with. O, Mrs. Mather, I needs
iieryting, and has no way to get any ting. I
ites to worry you, my house is all wracktified
;i' broken up by the las' cyclone. I almos'
doe perish wid ' 'de cold. Please give me a
anket." Knowing her to be an honest widow,
jgal and industrious, I helped her freely as I
IS able. We gave her hot tea and biscuit, put
iwarm cloak over her thin garments, a thick
lanket into her basket, also a few quails of
jits and peas. A glad, grateful smile lit up
irsad, wan face, as she withdrew with many
lessings on me and mine and our northern
llpers.
A lad waiting beside me then handed me a
lie from a sufferer who had not stepped for
«;hteen years but with the aid of crutches:
'nis it read, " I am sick ; the thick bed-quilt
3u gave me last year is stolen, my underclothes
se worn out, my pants are patched till they
cn't hold together. Please send ine what you
tn to make me comfortable." This cripple I
liew to be a good intelligent man, in deep dis-
t:ss, and so proceeded at once to fill a large
i 1
basket with food, clothing and bedding, which
I sent him after school. His response wa.s an
overwhelming benediction on us all.
In the meantime another note had come from
an aged and destitute widow, imploring me for
food. Having nothing to eat, she had fasted
since noon on the previous day. I sent her tea
and biscuit, as she is too feeble to cook, and al-
most helpless.
The door being open in came another old
auntie, gaunt and weary, and thus accosted me,
You knowed me onc't, Mrs. Mather, when you
done give me dese closes three years ago, jes'
after de great storm. I patch um well," she
said, shaking her skirts, which was quite evi-
dent, as the original fabric could scarcely be
discovered. 'I trabel a long way, misses, afoot,
till a kine man pick me up an' bring- me in his
cart. I mos' done perish last night wid de
cold. Please give me sumping to kiver me, so
de folkses won't fine me dead on my bed, as we
fine' neighbor Susan 'dis morning." " Was she
sick, auntie?" " Only old and feeble, misses —
she had no one to make her fire or bring her
hot tea. She's better off, now, we link, where
dey hunger no more." "But the neighbors
should look after these old aunties, and not let
them die of neglect," I said. " Dat true, misses,
but dey has a heap of chillun, dey had to turn
roun' sharp not to freeze 'demselves. My son-
in-law done trow a stick down at her door and
cut it up, but he neber go in to see her: 'dis
yere niornin' dere she lay, peaceful as if she
done fiill aslee|) on Jesus' bosom." P(jor old
auntie ! how she blessed me in return for the
good things put into her basket.
While at dinner the piazza gradually filled
up with needy importunates. I inquired of two
sorry looking little sisters, " What made you
come here to-day ?" " We's nuffin to eat, misses."'
" Where are your parents, my poor children '!"
"Pa is dead, and Ma is in jail." After giving
me their names, I knew it was so, and gave the
poor things clothes and grits. Two more little
girls then made bold to ask me for shoes ; their
mother was dead and their father had gone
away and left them to the tender mercy of an
aunt, herself in need. How glad I was that two
barrels of clothes from northern friends, coming
the day before, contained ju.<t the garments
most needed for the present emergency, having
been sent as it were, for the.?e sad eyed little
ones, by Him who says, " When thy father and
thy mother forsake thee, then the Lord will
take thee up."
Evening drew on, and still ther came, one by
one. A young man shot through the hand in a
quarrel "asked me to aid him, as he could not
work. I referred him to the supervisor of the
poor, as I had nothing for him or his ilk. A
feeble grandmother then came to see her two
worthy granddaughters in our home ; also with
the hope of something to replenish her scanty
wardrobe. A woolen shawl we threw over her
shoulders, warmed her body, and gladdened
her heart as she departed.
Most of the days, when the cold waves are
upon us, bear a similar record, with some varia-
tions. R- C. Mathek,
Principal of Mather Jiidudrial School.
Be.wfokt, S. C, Feb., 1897.
Gladly would I give the readers of the above
glimpses of our four school rooms and the work
done there ; would show them our large, airy sew-
ingroom, with its unrivalled outlook, and intro-
du^ce them to the accomplished teacher, so skil-
ful ill all manner of needlework; would also
open our kitchen and dining-rooms to their in-
spection, and best of all, invite them into our
midst at evening devotions to listen to the Bible
readings and sweet sitiging of the home pupils;
to be iircsent at the interesting le.-sou after-
wards— all of which would weary them to peruse,
so I refrain, and invite their attention simply to
the eleeracsynary feature of the day's labor.
Kor "THB FBIEMD."
Winter Investigations.
The lover of nature can find much to interest
him in the ])ro(luctions and operations of nature,
even during the winter. This truth was im-
pressed on the mind of the writer, during the
season which has just ended, by a few walks ia
the lanes and fields. In the early part of the
First Month, on a comparatively raild day, I
sauntered down a lane that leads out of our
village. In some of the yards, that hardy i)lant,
the common Chickweed [Slellaria media), was al-
ready in bloom. Its white star like flowers con-
trast very prettily with the bright green foliage,
so that it is quite an ornamental plant, especially
in the winter, when it adheres pretty closely to
the ground.
On the side of the lane stood a good sized
Osage Orange {Madura auranliaca), which in
its infancy had receiveii a t^vist in its stem.
The bark was shreddy, and looked as if the
outer layers had been torn asunder by the
pressure caused by the growth within, and yet
remained fastened together by fibres. "The wood
and the inside layers of the bark are orange-
colored. The tree is a native of the southwestern
part of the United States, and has been quite
extensively used as a hedge plant, but seems
now to be less in favor than formerly.
In our ordinary trees, which live for several
years, a deposit of woody tissue is made on the
inside of the bark every season. This assumes
an unusual development in the cork of the Cork
Oak, and in those corky expansions so conspicu-
ous in the branches of some of the gums.
The outer layers of the bark become inactive
and finally die ; and no longer accommodating
themselves to the enlarging stem, are at lengtli
torn into strips, and fall away by gradual decay,
as we see in the trunks of large trees.
A short distance from this osage orange stood
a Hacklierry (C'eftiV), in which the outer bark
showed nothing of the fibrous texture displayed
by the Madura, but seemed to form small, ir-
regular detached cubes.
A former owner of the premises had planted
some Spanish Chestnuts near by. The trees did
not attain a very great height, but produced
numerous branches, partially horizontal. The
fallen leaves of this interesting plant were nu-
merous on the ground, and sufficiently perfect
to show their shape and structure.
Leaves are the portion of the jilant, in which
under the agency of the sun light, the sap is
digested and converted into the proper nour-
ishment of the plant. They are contrivances
for increasing the green surface of the plant,
exposed to light and air. They may be re-
garded as expansions of the bark of the stem,
pushed outwards, expanded laterally into a thin
lamina, and stiffened by tough, woodv fibres,
which form their frame-work, ribs or veins.
These woody fibres not only give support to
the green, cellular tissue, but also serve for the
conveyance and distribution of the sap.
The distribution of the nerves of tde leaves,
like those of the Chestnut, Oak, etc., is an in-
teresting subject of study. In the Chestnut, the
leaf stalk extends as a strong midrib, through
294
THE FRIEND.
the whole length of the leaf, and on each side of
this smaller veins go to the outer margins. On
the length and position of these veins depend
the size and shape of the leaves.
Not for removed from the chestnut trees stood
a large Honey Locust (which furnished an in-
teresting example of the production of thorns or
spines. ''These are undeveloped branchlets, ter-
minating in a sharp point. Ou Honey Locusts
they are ofien so much branched as to form very
curious and interesting specimens, and until they
are removed must present an almost insupera-
ble obstacle to climbing such a tree. The fruit
of the Honey Locust is a large flat pod like a
bean, each containing several seeds. The ground
was nearly covered with these, so that there was
ample opportunity for studying both thorns and
fruits.
As early in the season as it was, it was inter-
esting to notice the progress made by several
plants of the Cress family, especially those fur-
nished with clusters of radical leaves. Appar-
ently these plants are uninjured by cold, and
when the ground is hard frozen, merely suspend
their growth, to be resumed with the first ad-
vent of a mild day. Such were the little Shad
Blossom (Draba verna), which shows its flowers
about the First of the Third Month ; and the
beautiful rosettes of the Sheppard's Purse. The
larger green leaves of the Winter Cress {Bar-
barea vulgaris), were also observable.
A little later in the season two of us visited a
large oak tree located in a low-lying field.
While gathering leaves and acorns from be-
neath it, one of us picked up a small brauchlet
or twig which had fallen from above, and
much interested to find that a colony of Lady
Bugs had taken refuge there for the winter.
They were somewhat torpid, yet able to move
slowly.
In the same neighborhood we found several
of those curious vegetable productions, the Puff
Balls. They were rounded or pear-shaped brown
bags, with an opening on the top, from which
wlien they were slightly pressed, a pufl' of fine
powder issued, consisting of the spores, which in
this low order of plants takes the place of seeds.
The spores are quite inflammable, and are some-
times used to stupefy bees, when it is desired to
remove their honey.
About the middle of the Second Month, two
of our " Moorestown Natural History Society "
accepted a kind invitation to visit our botanical
friend Benjamin Heritage, at Mickleton, below
Woodbury, N. J. Ou the way from the railroad
station to his house he drove us to a little clump
of woodland, where two chestnut trees, growing
side by side, had, by a process of natural graft-
ing, grown together, some ten feet above the
ground, and from that point upward had formed
but one tree. We also visited a noble beech
tree, standing alone in a field, remarkable for
the multitude of its branches and its symmetri-
cal shape. Dr. Rjlhrock, Forest Commissioner
of Pennsylvania, says it is the finest beech tree
of which he has any knowledge. It owes its
continued existence to our friend B. Heritage,
who interceded with the owner for its life.
J. W.
Long Bkidgics. — The railroad bridge over
the Danube at Czernavoda, opened on Sept. 2-5,
18!).3, with great festivities, is among the most
noteworthy engineering works of the kind in
the whole world, and must be classed as the
largest railroad bridge in Europe on account of
its length. The longest railroad bridges hither
to are: the Tay bridge (10,800 feet), the Mis
sissippi bridge at Memphis 10,700 feet), the
Forth bridge (7,800 feet), the Morody bridge
(4-,800 feet), the bridge over the Volga at Sys-
ran 4,700 feet. The stretch of road in which
the Czesnavoda bridge lies passes for 15 kilo-
meters C92 miles) over the flood-plain of the
Danube, and the bridge has over the Borcea
branch three spans of 40 feet and 11 flood-open-
ings of 1(34 feet ; over Balta Island there are
.34°arches 141 feet wide, and finally over the
Danube itself 15 spans of 200 feet, 4 of 460 feet,
and the greatest of 623 feet. This makes the
whole 13,441 feet, reckoning only the width_o:
the spans, and not the separating piers.
The
height of the roadway above the water surface
is 105 feet, so that three-masted ships can pass
beneath. The caissons for the foundations of
the bridge were sunk 115 feet below the level
of the stream. — Literary Digest.
Famine Children.
BY J. C. l.AWSON.
" Do you want one hundred children for your
mission ?" was the question asked us from Jab-
balpore, the center of the greatest famine dis-
tress. The question set us all thinking. We
had children already on hand for whom we had
no money. How could we take more, and yet
how could we let them starve to death? At
once letters were sent out to various places, and
petitions to the throne of Him who possesses all
things. In this way about four hundred rupees,
or one hundred and thirty dollars, have been
sent in or promised. It was decided that we
would bring from Jabbalpore poor-house twenty
girls and twenty boys. No one but a woman
could undertake such a task, so it fell to me to
bring them. The whole trip took nearly a
;ek.
Stopping off at Allahabad, I was able to
cure a reduction in the fare by half, also
through carriage for the return journey. At
Jabbalpore one of our missionaries had selected
number of boys and girls for me. My first
business on my arrival was to proceed to the
poor-house, which had been opened specially for
famine times. The doctor, a Bengalee gentle-
man (a gentleman in every way), told me he
had full power to give away orphans under
twelve years of age : all over that wete in the
hands of the deputy commissioner, but he had
died that morning. As I did not want any
over twelve years old, we were able to proceed
with the business ; and a business it was, indeed.
It took us fully three hours to select the child-
ren, have them fed, and sent to the mission
premises, where they could go through a pro-
cess of cleaning.
Some very touching and amusing things oc-
curred. All were eager to go. Some boys whose
names were on the list to go had to be rejected
because they were rather Ijig. They felt very
bad, and so did I. I did not want to take very
small boys either, but one weak little fellow
begged to go with his brother, who was on our
list. I did not want to separate them. They
had only each other, and so he was counted in,
Another little fellow a mere skeleton, begged
and cried to go with me, but I felt I must leave
him. My numbers were getting too high, but
the little one gave us no peace. He crowded
in befjre all the others. He chattered so con-
stantly and interrupted us so often that he had
to be sent away to one side. Boys were more
numerous than girls. I wanted twenty-four
girls, but could find only twenty-two at first.
I was asked to bring two or three little girls
about three years of age, but they were not i
be had. We sent around to the mothers i
know if they were willing to give away the
starving little ones, but their mother-love w:
strong, and they said, " No, we will die together
Finally a little one stepped forward and sai(
I am a little girl ; take me." The managt
igan to write the name down, when a servai
exclaimed, "That is a boy; don't take him.
We then discovered that he was the little bo
that has troubled us so. He saw girls were i
demand, and hoped to gain his point this wa;
I did admire his persistence. He won the da
and was counted in. A happy boy was h
but he seemed to have used up all his strengt
in the effort, and I was very anxious about hit
all the way home, but now he seems to be gaii
ing slowly.
Another boy anxious to go had placed hin
self among the group of girls that had bee
chosen. No one was able to tell by the loci
who were boys or who girls. The boys, to
had long hair and were a wild-looking set. !N
one, either boy or girl, had more than a ha
yard of clothing. Other little ones had to 1:
left behind because of their awful conditio!
Some could not expect to live more than a fe
days. I thought I would reject some of tl
older boys, but they refused to be left, so I wi
overcome bv their entreaties, and all came.
I took all the orphan girls. I wanted twer
ty-four, and just that many were available thi
day. A tiny girl of about four years begge
to come, but a woman ran forward and claime
her. A servant declared that she was not th
mother, but kept the child as an excuse to gi
more food. This seemed the truth, since tt
woman was by no means thin, and the chil
nothing but a skeleton. It turned out that tl
child had a father in jail, so we could not tak
her, but the manager promised that he woul
separate the child from the woman.
A man brought me his baby boy of nic
months, a frightful looking object, and begge
me to take it, but I was helpless. Another ma
gave me his three girls, but we felt it was be
to care for the orphans first. I saw some dreac
ful sights in that poor-house.
How I did wish that I could help everyon
Men and women fell at ray feet and begged fc
help. As long as they stay in the poor-houi
they are comparatively well off. I thought th
arrangement there was as good as could be ui
der the circumstances, but at best they are onl
temporary. That day there were two hundre
and five inmates. I brought about fifty-fou
No doubt as many more came in next da-
There is a demand for girls by various school
but many girls do not come to the poor-hous '
I have heard that many are sold before the
can reach the poor-house, and sent away to \i\
a life far worse than death. I asked who too
the boys, as a rule, and the reply was, " Tl
Roman Catholics." Pundita Ramabai, whoi
noble work every true Christian indorses,
asking that everywhere high-caste women an
girls he rescued and sent to her. ]
But to return to my waifs. They were ser
to the mission premises, where a barber and
sweeperess (a low-caste woman) were in waitin:
At noon the work began, and Ijy five o'clock
wonderful change had taken place in these chi
dres. Dr. Felt took a picture of them as the
came from the poor-house. I should have ha
one afterward. Dr. Felt's wife and I spent tl
entire day in service for these little ones. M
train was to leave at midnight, but it was thougl
best to settle the children early, and this we we
Fourth Mo. .i, 1S97
THE FRIEND.
295
|:ble to do, as our through carriage was in wait-
ing. Dr. Johnson took us to the station. I
loped the children would sleep well, but there
vas no sleep in theiu. They had never been in
. train before. I hoped that when we started
hey would settle down. They did, and I cov-
;red them up and lay down myself, but at the
jrat stop they were all up again ; and so they
cere at every stop. The boys chattered more
;han the girls, which may go to prove that girls
t lenst have no part in Darwin's plan ; and it
,lso proves that— but that is another story, as
Jipling would say.
' I now know what it means to live two nights
ind a day in a railway carriage with fifty-four
ifild heathen children. I was somewhat "sea-
'ick" a great part of the time. I consider that
have made a trip on the ocean, and shall not
,pply to go home soon. Some one will say that
t was foolish to be shut in with them, but what
lould I do? I could not afford a servant, for
i was with our own salary, for the most part,
hat I was bringing them. I had to do the
ipork of a servant myself open and shut windows,
ive them water to drink, warm up milk for the
ielicate ones, give out all their food each time,
over them up from the cold, etc. It isn't to
18 sufjposed that all these children from twenty
.ifferent castes and as many villages could live
■eaceably thirty-six hours in a railway carriage,
lacked in as closely as they had to be, so I had
jiany little fights to settle ; but at last we ar-
lived in Aligarh.
Natural History, Science, etc.
Water Plants as Landmakers. — One of the
arliest surprises of the writer, on u botanical
ollecting trip, was to enter a wildwood on a
.leaten path, and on returning find a stream of
onie twenty feet wide and of unknown depth
ight across that path. It was his first experi-
iDce with a floating island. The wind had
,hanged, and blew the island to the opposite
)l)ore ! When sand enough would be collected
|rom the winds, possibly the island would sink,
,nd then logs would be found beneath the sur-
ice, as White Cedar lops are now found below
lie surface in the bogs of New Jersey. How
lants prepare the way for such growths, we
ave often had illustrated. "Captain W. A.
■haw," says a Jacksonville (Florida) paper of
ecent date, "of the St. Johns river sttamer
■Iverglade, says that he has never seen anything
ike the quantity of hyacinths that now float in
he river between Palalka and Astor, and he
|as been in command of a steamer on the river
Dr more than a quarter of a century.
I " Palatka is the worst choked up point on
be river, as acres of the water vegetable cover
he surface of the river, and to get through it
'ith the steamer is a hard job. The wheels
ecome clogged, the bow banked against, and
;. is going ahead and backing for hours at a
me to make a passage.
, "Not only is the river obstructed, but also
II the creeks between Jacksonville and Pal-
tka."
But for the river traffic, these water plants
■ould be undisturbed, and in the end, dust and
And would grow moss and similar low orders
f vegetation. On these, seeds of grasses and
iirger plants would be borne by birds and by
;ie wind, and, rotting, form a thick, peaty sur-
ice. Then come tree seeds, and the young
)rest, in time, sinking by its own weight. But
.16 process again renewed from time to time,
. I'le whole would be filled up, and a deep peat
bed formed, and real land appear in due time.
Yes, water ])lants as well as all things have an
appointed mission to fulfil. — Meehaii!<' Monthly.
THE FRIEND.
FOURTH MONTH 3, 1897.
We have good authority for believing that
whatever has been written by Divine inspira-
tion is profitable for doctrine, for reproof, for
correction, for instruction in righteousness; and
that the Holy Scriptures are able to make wi.se
unto salvation, through faith which is in Christ
Jesus. Hence the Society of Friends has been
concerned to encourage its members in the fre-
quent perusal of these sacred writings, and in
tiie effort to make their children acquainted with
them.
But it is very important that we should not
lose sight of the condition attached, " through
faith in Christ Jesiis."
The Bible student who trusts mainly in his
own intellect may spend years in study, and
may become learned in the history of the nations
mentioned in the Bible, and in their customs
and peculiarities, and yet remain in ignorance
of the spiritual truths of Christianity. For
" the natural man receiveth not the things of
the Spirit of God ; for they are foolishness unto
him ; neither can he know them, because they
are spiritually discerned."
The truth of this is manifested by experience.
For we see many of the most highly educated
and learned men, who reject or explain away
the plain declarations of Scripture, deny the
miracles recorded therein, and build up an
edifice of doctrinal belief founded on their own
reasoning powers, and not on that Divine reve-
lation which is the only immovable foundation
on which we can rest securely.
We believe the most profit is derived from
the Bible by those who read it reverently, with
a mind turned inward to the revealiugs of the
Light of Christ, and freed from dependence on
their own intellectual powers.
The advice on reading the Scriptures given
by some of our early Friends, men of deep re-
ligious experience, who spoke of what their
own hands had handled of the word of life, is
so instructive, that we commend it to the notice
of our readers.
Isaac Penington, writing to a friend, says:
" I know thy snare ; there is a building in the
earthly wisdom, a knowledge which thou bold-
est in the comprehension, out of the living feel-
ing of that light, from which the true knowl
edge springs, and in which alone it is held
Thou must know the razing of this building
the confounding and scattering of this knowl
edge, that the true heir of the true knowledge
may spring, and thuu mayst feel the babe
raised, to whom God reveals the mysteries of
his kingdom , which He hides from the wise
professors and teachers in this age, as He hath
done in all ages. Thou art very wise, but thou
must sell all that and become a very fool, if
thou wilt have the riches and everlasting trea;
ure of the kingdom."
Agaiu in another letter we find the following,
" Friend, God, who caused light to shine in this
outward world, hath judged it necessary to
cause the light of his spirit to shine inwardly
in the heart ; and this gives the knowledge of
the Scriptures, and the true sense and discern-
ing of inward and spiritual things. O, take
heed hoiv tiiou readest, and hoiv thou under-
standest the Scriptures, — in what light, in what
spirit! for it is easy erring; and without the
presence and guidance of God's Spirit herein,
thou canst not walk safely."
Many of our newspapers have disgraced
themselves by publishing the particulars of a
recent |)ri7.e fight, which took place in one of
our western States. We are glad to state that
the Public Ledger of this city had too much
selfrespect to follow iheir examjjie, but has
consistently refrained from spreading the de-
moralizing details before its readers. For this
it deserves the thanks of all respectable people.
We are [>leased to notice in the number of that
paper for Third Mouth 20th, that it has received
a large number of letters commending its course
and among them several from members of the
religious Society of Friends.
We sincerely wish its encouragement in the
e.xercise of such a censorship over the matter
offered for publication in its columns, as will
render it more and more a practical advocate
for sound morals and civilization.
SUMMARY OF EVEXT.S.
United States. — On the 29ih ult. the foIloKing
nominations were s-enl to the United Stales Senate by
the President: Charlemagne Tower, of Philadelphia,
for the Austrian Mis.sion ; William K. .Sliallenberger,
of Pennsvlvania, to be Second Assi^tant Postmaster
General ; Henry Clay Evans, of Tennessee, to be Com-
missioner of Pensions , Thomas Ryan, of Kansas, to
be First Assisiant Secretary of the Interior.
The Governor of Colorado has apprf.ved a bill abol-
ishing capital punishmfDt in that State.
A Topeka dispatch says that labor leaders in Kan-
sas are greatly excited over a ruling by Attorney
General Boyle that the Anti-Trust law just passed by
the Legislature is applicable to labor organizations.
General Rosecrans, now living in retirement in
California, at the age of seventy-eight, writes thus
concerning ihe Arbitration Treaty; "I hail as the
rainbow of promise the nohle inspiralii^n «( arbitra-
tion in place of war. Hampered by illne-.s and age, I
can do little, but were I able I would devote pen and
voice to inculcate in the minds of our youth in the
schools and iiniversiiies a realization of the horrors
of war, and impress llie great uplifting of humanity
above mere brute tbrce to the higher plane of a nobler
civilization, which shall calmly settle all vexing in-
ternational differenies by a court of reason, and not
by the cia^h of artillery."
It is said that more than seventy-six per cent, of
those who jieople New York lo-day were born of for-
eign mother,", while more than forty per cent, were
themselves born on foreign soil. iVter Stuyvesant
ruled in his day over fourteen hundred New Y'orkers
who conver^ed in eighteen difierent tongues.
Thousands ( f head of antelope are to be seen along
the Short Line track around Backwilh, Idaho. They
have been in ihat section all winter and are little
hunted. One band is believed to centain fully five
thousand head.
A savage, wandering through the swamp-infested
lowlands of Spanish Columbia, about oW miles from
the sea-coast, found a heavy white nuggec, which, a
few days later, he gave to the nearest trader lor a
bottle ot rum. The nugget, which passes as native
currency, was sent, as a draft, to an exporting mer-
chant of New York City. It is said to lie the largest
ni'gsiet of platinum at present in America. Although
the little oljei t measures approximately only 3 by i!j
inches, it wtighs nearly two pounds. It is of bluish-
white lustre, and comains fully 8-5 per cent. ( f pure
platinum. The additional ingredients of the nugget
are rhodium, gold and palladium. What enhances the
importance of the find is that the ordinary platinum
nugget is about the size of a canary seed. The intrin-
sic value of the big nugget is $350, but as a specimen
it is worth much more. C. O. Baker, the platinum
refiner, has sent it for inspection to H. T. Day, Chief
of the Geidogical Survey in Washington. " We are
trying to learn the exact locality where the nugget was
fo'und." said he. "Reports from that portion of Span-
ish Columbia are very contradictory and unreliable.
It was found near a river, the name of which we do
not know. The objective point of that part of the
country is Buena Ventura. Although gold, pla
296
THE FRIEND.
Fourth Mo. 3, 189
to abound there, the
■ as til render simple
and other valuable metals see
miasmatic swamps are so dea _
placer-mining almost impracticable. We have always
tried to encourage platinum mining in South .\merica
and the United Slate*. We hope this find will be
brought to the attention ol" miners on the Pacilic
Coast. We know that a good deal of platinum goes
to waste in Calilbrnia. The great platinum country is
in the Ural Mountains of Kussia."
According to reports made by the masters of the
various vessels that arrived in New York on the 25th
ult., the route of westward-bound trans-Atlantic steam-
ships is plentifully strewed with bergs. The largest of
these were sighted by thesteamship H. H. Meir, which
arrived from Falmouth. One of the masses towered
five hundred feet above the water. Captain Mentz, i>f
that vessel, describes the length of the Arctic wanderer
as being at least one thousand feet. Quite a swell was
running when the vessel drew near the giant berg,
and the boom of the seas, as they rolled against the
masses, echoing in its caverns, sounded, tlie officers
sav, like the roar of heavy artillery.
The late tornado in South Carolina swept the valley
of the Chattahoochee. The total deaths reported num-
ber nineteen, and at least two hundred persons were
moreorless hurt. The property loss will be very large.
That part of Florida west of Tallahassee, Southwest
Georgia and Southwestern Alabama, through which
the storm raged, is largely without telegraph service.
and the extent of the damage 1
inot;
I been le
lied.
Three serious breaks in the Mississippi levees are
causing the inundation of the great Delta, the most
valuable of the farming lands of Mississippi. Green-
ville is in an extremely critical position, and business
there is entirely suspended, the people working at
the levees in a desperate fight for their lives.
Deaths in this city last week numbered 470. which
is 73 less than the previous week, and 55 less than the
corresponding week of 1896. Of the foregoing, 241
were males and 229 females: 78 died of pneumonia ;
48 of consumpliim; 34 of heart disease; 23 of diph-
theria; 17 of cancer; 16ofo'dage; 15 of nephritis ;
15 of inflammation of the sloruach and bowels; 14
of scarlet fever; 13 of apoplexy; 13 of Bright's dis-
ease; 12 of convulsions; 12 of inflammation of the
brain ; 11 of croup ; 11 of marasmus ; 1 1 of bronchitis ;
10 of ursemia ; 9 of inanition, and 9 from casualties.
Marktts, &C.—V. S. 2'8, 96 a 974 ; 4's, reg., 110 J a
111^; coupon, 113 a 113V; new 4's, 123| a 124; 5's,
114 a 114} ; currency 6's, 103 a 106.
Cotton was quiet and unchanged at7i'jC. per pound
for Middling uplands, but demand from spinners was
light.
Feed.— Spot bran ranged from $14 00 to ?;14,50 per
ton for winter in bulk, and §13.25 a $13 75 for spring
in sacks.
Flour. — Winter super, |2 50 a $2.75; do., extras,
$2.75a$3.00; Pennsylvania roller, clear, §3.85 a $4,10;
do., do., straight. $4.15 a $4.30 ; Western winter, clear,
$3.90 a $4.10; do., do., straight, $4.20 a $4.35; do.,
do., patent, $4.40 a $4.(50 ; spring, clear, $3.50 a $3.75 ;
do., straight, $3,85 a $4.15 ; do., patent, $4.20 a $4,35 ;
do., favorite brands, higher. City mills, extra, $2.90
a $3.15; do., clear. $4.00 a $4.20:' do., straight, $4.25
a $4.40 ; do., patent, $4.40 a $4.60. Kye Flour.—
$2 25 a $2.50 per bbl. as to quality.
Gkain. — No. 2 red wheat, 83,1 a 83Jc.
No. 2 mixed corn, 28^ a 28ic.
No. 3 while oats, 2.3i a 24c.
Beef Cattle. — Extra, 5J a oic; good, 41 a oc;
medium, 4| a 45c.; common, 4^ a 4ic.
Sheep AND Lambs. — Extra, 5 a 5.}c.; good, 4.V a 4 Jc;
medium, 4 a 4 jc ; common, 3 a o^c; clipped lambs, 4 a
5i ; wool lamiw, 5 a 6/c
HoQs. — Best Western, 6 a 6Jc.; other Western, 5J a
53c.: State, 5{c.
FoKEtGN. — In the ninety-three years since its estab-
lishment, the Bible and Foreign I5il)le Societv has dis-
tributed 147,366,(169 Bibles, testaments and'books of
extracts from the Scriptures.
The St. James Gazette, in a leading editorial article
upon the action of the United States Senate in adopt-
ing the amendments to the Arbitralion Treaty re-
ported by the Foreign Kelalions Committee, says:
"The unanimous vole of the Senate has wrecked the
Arbitratiim Treaty, and this should be a warning to
the premature phibnthropistson this side. The Sena-
tors carricil their point with a relinenient of the petti-
fogger's cunning « liich enables them to profess friend-
ship for the principle of arbitralion while they sm itfier
Ihelreatv with amendiiienis which make it ridiculous."
The British sleaincr Yanarim, which arrived at
Greenock Thint Month 2.Sth, had on board sixteen of
the survivors of the lost French steamer. Si. Nazaire.
When rescued thev had been without food and water
for four days. When they left the St. Nazdre ihere
were iwentv-nine persons in the boat, but thirteen
died of exposure, hunger and thirst. Of the sixteen
rescued, two had lost their reason.
Some quaint and curious toys, 1,500 years old, were
recently found in a child's grave in course of some
excavations in an old Roman cemetery made in Rhein-
hessen, Germany. Most of them were made of glass.
A Polish chemist named Eisenberg is said to have
invented an anesthetic which volatdizes rapidly on
exposure to the air, rendering the persons near un-
conscious for a long time. A pellet broken under a
man's nose put him to sleep for four hours. It is as-
serted that in warfare bombs charged with this ma-
terial will make large bodies of an enemy incapable
of resistance.
The proclamation announcing the blockade of the
ports of Crete declares that any Greek vessel coming
within the limits of the blockade will be fired upon.
The Greek Government has sent to the Powers a note
protesting against the blockade of Crete. On the 25th
ult. the Cretan insurgents captured Malaxa, driving
out and killing all buf nineteen of the Turkish troops
that composed the garrison. Part of the town was
blown up with dynamite. The international forces in
Crete now occupy the town of Malaxa.
it is learned that fully 100 Armenians were mas-
cacred recently at Tokat, .Anatolia. They were killed
while in a place of worship. D.iring and after the
massacre the Armenian quarter of the city was given
over to pillage.
The treaties between the South African Republic
and (he Orange I^'ree State give the Burghers of each
.-^late the franchise in either Republic, and bind ea:h
Republic to support the other in event of an attack.
Spain, according to the War Office statistics, has
sent, up to the end of 1896, 193,047 men and forty
generals to Cuba. The deaths in the field and from
yellow fever and other diseases were four generals
and 22,731 men and officers. No account is given of
the men sent home invalided, but at least 22,000 have
returned, many of whom have since died.
Major- General Ruis Rivera and his chief of stafF,
Colonel Ballaco, were captured by the Spaniards under
General Velaseo, in a fight at Cabadezas, in Pinar del
Rio, on the 28th of last month.
Reports received by Supervising Inspector General
W^yman, of the Marine Hospital Service, show that
small-pox is raging in Havana, and is increasing in-
stead of diminishing. During the last week for which
returns have been received, 850 new cases were re-
ported with 91 deaths. Yellow fever is also prevalent
in Cuba.
The Canadian Department of Agriculture estimates
the population of the Dominion to be 5,125,438, again
of rather less than 300,000 since the census of 1891.
In 1890 ihere were two States of the Union that ex
ceede I Canada in population — New York, with 5,-
997,853 inhabitants, and Pennsylvania with 5,258,014.
A Winnipeg despatch says that gold prospectors
who have just returned from the north report the
discovery of coal on Lake Winnipeg.
Application should be made either personally or b
mail, 10 Joseph Hall, 304 Arch Street, Philadelphia ,
or to Thomas G. Hogue, West Chester, Pa., for ordei ^
on the Ticket Agents— one uf which must be deliveie |
to the Agent whenever a ticket is obtained. Thes ^
orders inform the Ticket Agent at whatever static j
they are presented on the above railroads, that th ((
bearer is entitled to a ticket to Philadelphia, and rs .,
turn, at the above rate of two cents per mile tra\ )
elled. If a Friend in each neighborhood would a-; j[
certain the number of card orders likely to be needei :
and obtain them, and distribute among Friends,
would make less woik for those having the care i
them. When they are to be forwarded by mail
two-cent stamp should be sent to pay the postage.
Note. — Tickets issued on this order will not be go:
to stop oft' at way stations, going or returning.
W^esttown Boarding School. — AppIic;itions ft
the admission of pupils to the school, and letters i
regard to instruction and discipline should be at
dressed to William F. Wickersham, Principal
Payments on account of board and tuition, an
communications in regard to business should be fo
warded to Edward G. Smedley, Superintendent.
Address, Westtown P. O., Chester Co., Pa.
1 the twenty-second of Second Month, 189
enty-sixth ye.ir of his age, James R. Coopei
NOTICES.
Friends' Institute Lyceu.m. — The next meeting
will he held at 140 N. Sixteenth St., Sixth-dav, Fourth
Month 2nd, 1897, at 8 p. M.
Correction. — In the la
pages 285 and 286, wherev
of ''Mahlon Hackett," reai
number of The Friend,
the name occurs, instead
Mahlon Hockett."
Reduced Rates to Philadelphia Yearly Meet-
ing.— The usual arrangements have been made with
the Pennsylvania R. R. Company, by which Friends
attending ourapproaching Yearly Meeting can oluain
excursion tickets to Philadelphia and return, from
any station on the following railroads, at the rate of
two cents per mile travelled, going and returning; ex-
cept that no such tickets will be issued at a less rale
than 25 cents, viz: Pennsylvania Railroad (main line),
as far west as Pittsburgh, Philadelphia and Erie Rail-
road Division, Northern Central Railway, United
Railroads of New Jersey Division, West Jersey Rail-
road, aiKl Philadelphia, Wilmington and Baltimore
R;iilroad Company, on any day from Fourth Month
13th to 23rd, inclusive, and make ihe rtt'irn coupon
good until Fourth Mouth 27th, inclusive, 1897.
The Baltimore and Ohio Company, and the Phila-
delphia and Reading Railroads have kindly oflTered
Friends the same rates and for the same dates as above
specified.
Died,
in these'
a member of New Garden Meeting, Pa. ; and on tl
second of Third Month his wiitow, Elizabeth 1
Cooper, in her seventy-sixth year. Closely united b
the ties both of conjugal afl'ection and of spiriui:
communion with their Lord, they were only for
short time separated by death. They had from earl
life looked towards a city of eternal habitation; ar
James R. Cooper could say on his death bed he h;i
long endeavored to be prepared for such a limt
that he then felt no condemnation and was realy i
go. When a-ked if he wanted anything, he replie
"only patience." He was a man of firm faith in tl
superintending care of Divine Providence, and rea
ized the fulfilment of theSiviour's promise to the
who seek first the kingdom of God and his rigli
eousness, that all things needful wee added. Siu
being the ground of his confidence, he was a sup[n^
to his friends, and was made a pillar in the chnrc
his life adorning the doctrine of Christ. The ma
ried life of these beloved parents and Friends e
tended over a period of fifty-three years. Free fro
the pangs of a guilty conscience, so were their la
hours, relieved from much physical S'lfFering, ea
passing away with a brief sickness, soothed by the d
tiful attention of their children, whose testimony
now given to their faithful parental care. As inslanc
of early and life-long dedication to the service of r
ligicm, their example is commended to the imitati'
of their acquaintances and successors, and as a pro
of that faithful saying, " Godliness is profitable un
all things, having the promise of the life that now i
and of that which is to come."
, Third Mouth 12th, 1897, at her resident
Green Hill Farm, nearOverbrook, Pa., Jane Morki
daughter of the late Israel W. .Morris, in the eight
fourth year of her age. She departed this life quiell
resting in Jesus.
, Third Month LSlb, 1897, Richard Cadbui
in the seventv-second year of his age. He was a mei
ber of the Monthly M"-e:ing of Friends of Philade
phia for the Western District.
Eleventh Month 27ih, 1896, Elizabeth Er
sell, in the sixtv-eighth year of her age. A minisl'
and member of The Monthly Meeting of Friends
Philadelphia for the Northern District. She was
a di.scerning spirit, ami was remarkable for her ener;
of character and devotion to the cause of her E
deemer, firmly attached to the principles and tes
monies of Trulh, as upheld by the consistent raemk
of our Society. Her ministry was clear and very i
structive, and she pursued ber r<-ligious concerns «i
great perseverance, but increasing infirmity preveni
her completing her last eng.igement in the limits
Cain and Western Quarterly Meetings, Her brig
example, the weight of her spirit, and the consislen
of her daily life and conversation tended to gather
Chri-t's standard of Truth and righteousness. S
bore the suflTerings attending her last illness with gri
fortitude, and before the close she expre.ssed her i
sire to be released. We reverently believe that I
change for her was a blessed one.
WILLIAM H. PILE'S SONS, PRINTERS,
No. 422 Walnut Street.
THE FRIEND.
A Religions and Literary Jonrnal.
VOL. LXX.
SEVENTH-DAY, FOURTH MONTH 10, 1897.
No. 38.
PUBLISHED WEEKLY.
Price, if paid in advance, $2.00 per annum.
Bubscripiions, payments and business communications
received by
Edwin P. Sellew, Publisher,
No. 207 Walnut Place,
(South from Walnut Street, between Third and Fourth,)
PHILADELPHIA.
Articles designed far insertion to be addressed to
JOSEPH WALTON,
MooBESTowTj, Burlington Co., N. J.
Entered as second-class t
' Philadelphia P. O.
3iary and Letters of Deborah Brooks Webb.
(Continued from pase 290.)
1885. — In the autumn of this year, in com-
lany with her friends G. and R. S. A , she
ittended, with a minute, Ohio Yearly Meeting,
n relation to which she writes to a friend : " Yes,'
ilear, it is done, and the kind unity and sym-
)athy expressed in this small meeting is en-
•ouraging to the anxious traveller. R. and G.
;pere released, and now for the deep exercises.
, find myself comparing them to 'sitting in
?ard, whole nights.' It will not be easy work
o attend the Yearly Meeting through its sit-
ings, but our trust must be in the Omnipotent
)ne, who has never yet failed me. Blessed for-
ver be his Holy Name."
From Friends' Boarding School, Barnesville,
Mo, she writes Ninth Month 23rd : " It seems
0 solemn to be here, with the Yearly Meeting
■efore us, and I hope we shall be favored with
oly help, and do nothing to hurt the cause in
ny. Mercy encompasses our path, but I feel
0 little. The Lord's power can break forth."
. Again, Tenth Month 2nd.—" Meeting closed
od Friends scattered. We have had a won-
erful meeting. You would have enjoyed it so
luch, and they would have enjoyed you, but
le Master ordered otherwise.
"On Seventh-day was Select Meeting; our
linutes were read and thought suitable to be
'i-warded to the Yearly Meeting. This is a
3od way, then any improper ones can be sup-
ressed. They read the queries and summaries
the adjourned meeting on Third-day morning
eight o'clock. There are dear weighty Friends
;re. On First-day a wonderful concourse of
iople met on the ground — quite as many as
luld get into the house. How I longed for slime
oanerges to reach them, and my praver was
ito the Master. In the afternoon, Ellwood
Mrad held those in the house almost spell-
mnd in the account of our belief. I was thank-
■1, indeed. Nothing for those outside. I tell
em It is so important to distribute tracts—
;obably they will in future. They have a com-
iittee on 'Scattered Remnants'— so interest-
Jg to me— and they have opened correspond-
'ce with Iowa, Kansas and AVestern Yearly
-eetings, and sent a minute of concurrence
'IS year to Canada and New England. I com- 1 hearts are
pared it to Ohio Yearly Meeting, gathering the
little crafts all around it, and then in turn the
Philadelphia Yearly Meeting (the great ship of
the line), would come sailing up alongside of it,
and there would be a fleet again. They would
have need of great care in some cases.
" We feel as if we had been so helped all
through, and I think your prayers and exercises
of spirit have been with us and helped us, too.
The Lord bless you and strengthen you under
all circumstances."
On Fifth Month 9th she wrote to a friend,
" Do we not long for his kingdom to come upon
this earth, and now especially when we are hear-
ing of wars and rumors of wars, do we wonder
if the peaceable kingdom will ever be entirely
set up? Yes, sometime, most surely, because the
Most High says so. Oh, that we may be gath-
ered among the redeemed— that word redeemed
means so much."
1886.— Sixth Month 14th. — She wrote to her
friend, R. S. A., " We are getting older, and
though natureshrinks a little, yet we longfor the
gateway, ' golden, pearly, ample.' The heart to
comprehend and feel another's woes, is a gift from
Him, who has made us social beings. . . Our
young people must be willing to be still ; be as
fools to the world, that the great Master Builder
may know what to do with them. Some of us
were led so, were we not? Oh, how I long that
He would take unto him his great powe°r and
prevail, that we may see sons and daughters
here and there coming forth in the ministry."
During the remainder of 1886 her health was
so poor that she does not appear to have written
much.
1887.— Third Month 9th.— She writes to
friend who had also been sick : " It was so nice
to receive thy dear letter, it was so fraught with
heavenly good. Pencil sketch though it was,
even that told of how much exertion it was for
thee to write. And now, I can think of thee a
down-stairs and gaining a little in strength
every day. I have been out several times, and
to-day was spent with S. F. S., who kindly in-
vited me for an outing after sickness. How it
elevates our spirits to contemplate the power of
our Hea%'enly Father! He can draw his chil-
dren into tender sympathy with each other when
no outward word is spoken.
" I do not think the age of miracles has pas.«ed
at all, but that our God is performing great
things for his children all the time. We must
be a more wrestling, praying people, and then
He will 'open the windows of heaven and pour
us out a blessing.' I am asking in my little
measure, and was greatly encouraged by read-
ing the last chapter of Isaiah, where it said, 'As
soon as Zion travailed, she brought forth her
children.' Our meetings want Reviving, and
ly God can give the increase. The beautiful
flood of moonlight last eve pouring into the
windows made me think of his power, and that
He can pour such an irresistible flood of his
Holy Spirit upon souls as to constrain them to
dedicate their lives to Him. Let us ask when
when two agree touching
thing to ask He has promised to hear
I am so much better, and am able to do little
things for myself. As thou art better, W
will improve too. Be sure and try to commit
all your way unto the Lord. He is the wonder-
ful counsellor, the mighty God ? Strong is his
arm and blessed are they that put their trust in
Him."
Alluding to the Yearly Meeting of 1887, she
writes in her diary : " We had an exercising
week, but the dear Lord helped me through.
My health gave out and I came home with
bronchitis, and was sick a long time. Next
rheumatism came on in my hands, arms and
limbs. I was sick most of the summer."
In a letter to a friend confined at home by
illness, dated Fourth Month 30th, 1887, she
writes, " For a couple of weeks before Yearly
Meeting, I felt weaker, and wondered if my
Heavenly Father intended me to go, yea or
nay ? It all .seemed right at the last, but it was
cooler than common, and I commenced a cold
which seemed to increase on every touch of the
outside air.
"By Seventh-day morning I was too poorly
to sit up, but able to go home in the afternoon.
The next morning a severe bronchial cold de-
veloped, and by Sacond-day had to send for a
doctor.
" My spirit has been much with thee, confined
at home, while we could go up to the annual
feast and sacrifice, but no doubt the dear Master
was near thee.
" The minutes of the Meeting for Sufferings
were so interesting to me, especially that part
where the Committee visited the President, with
an address against the retaliation act. I did
want some one at the time to warn them, to labor
with them not to be so unchristian and to show
them the evil thereof.
" On Fourth-day dear spoke of
the (importance) of Friends, young Friends,
being more careful to read our own writings,
just as she can do it, so nicely, and I was con-
strained to unite with her, for my own exercise
thereon is great, and also to advise the lift-
ing up the heart for light to Him, who knows
the hunger and thirst of his children. Soon
(two Friends), said we ought to recommend the
Bible to them, that so little was said about the
Bible. No one seemed to answer the attack,
and I so dreaded anything like answering back,
but this seemed to demand something, so the
dear Heavenly Comforter, near at hand, gave
me words, and I said them— so frightened all
the time. I have been trying to remember them,
and thou would like to know, viz : ' I am in-
clined to believe that there is not a Friend
now present, to whom the Scriptures are not
dear, and that they are in the habit of reading
them daily in secret and many in their family
circle, and if there had been any seeming ne-
jlect, it was unintentional. When I am sojourn-
ing where they are read in the family circle,
it is the joy of my heart, and if they are not
read, the desire before my Heavenly "Father is,
What shall I say, or how shall I conduct in re-
298
THE FRIEND.
Fourth Mo. 10, 1897
gard to it. So, if there has seemed to be an
omission, it is only because the message seemed
sent to some other point.' It comforted me to
find that it had not grieved Friends. So many
messages of gladness and thanks that I just
sink into our Great Center of thanksgiving."
On Ninth Month 25th she writes to the same
Friend in regard to a meeting appointed by
Joseph Scattergood, at Parkerville, which she
was prevented from attending by illness :
"Just to think of your being so close to me
and dear C. Sheppard and Joseph S , with-
out my being able to see you. Well, you had a
good meeting, and that made up for all. It was
my heart's desire, while you were in meeting.
I remembered how it was with Israel when in
the Sinaitic Peninsula and Amelek attacked
them, how Moses went up on a hill and sat on
a stone and held up his hands. While they
were up, Israel prevailed, but when through
weariness they fell, Amelek prevailed ; so Aaron
and Hur stayed up his hands, and the Lord
conquered. Just so it came in my heart to hold
up my hands to the God of heaven and earth
for a blessing on the meeting and for dear
Joseph. The Lord does seem to bless him, and
what a comlbrt to him to have the company of
Clarksou Sheppard and J. W., and your com-
pany, too — ' Iron sharpeneth iron,' etc. The
meeting seemed to be satisfactory."
(To be continued.)
The Down Grade.
A few years ago, an agent of a fire company
in Newark had a downfall. Possibly the place
was not Newark, and we recall the name neither
of agent nor company. This man had been pur-
suing that phantom pursued by so many since
civilization began, and never yet caught, nor to
be caught, when pursued, to wit: "Pleasure,"
and he had been pursuing it in unlawful ways.
He had procured funds by writing special haz-
ards, at probably a little "under the usual rate
for such lines, and then he had reported them
to the company as risks of the everj'-day desir-
able sort. His case is recalled to mind by a
paragraph in the Standard, of Boston, about
George H. Binney, who, in 1889, was an insur-
ance agent, and had an office in Kilby Street of
that city, and was going at a rapid pace. He
had a city house, and a fine summer one at a
suburb. His private coach, imported to order
was lighted by electricity. In a single year he
had a bill of SI, 570 with a fashionable jewelry
firm, one of the items being a repeating watch
valued at $425, with a 8222 diamond monogram
additional. He married a woman of high so-
cial standing, whom he heavily embarrassed by
getting her name on notes. He paid 8125 to
8250 per thousand for cigars, and his dinner-
table was garnished with flowers repeatedly at
a charge of nearly sixty dollar.s, just before the
close of his career in Boston. He escaped from
the city just in time, a warrant for him having
been issued. "
A few weeks ago, his history during the in-
terval bemg unknown, he was sentenced, in a
town in England, to si.t months' imprisonment
for obtaining seventy-seven pounds on credit
without disclosing the fact that he was bank-
rupt.
One of the tricks of memory is that, while
failing to take hold of many things desired for
keeping, it persistently pre.serves others not of
special value. For instance, residence in New
York during the term of active life has noted
the career of many defaulters who are readily
recalled, one after another, like ghosts of the
past, rising to mutely and pathetically point a
warning moral. There was Jenkins, a teller in
the Phcenix Bank many years ago, who cut his
throat with a knife, in a cell in Jefferson Mar-
ket Police Station. There was John Bonner,
once editor of Harper 8 Weekly, who, as a stock
broker, embezzled, rehypothecating securities
in his hands as collateral. He fled to Canada
and disappeared from view. There was the presi-
dent of the Atlantic Bank of Brooklyn, an old
and esteemed man, suddenly killed on the rail-
road. His death disclosed an embezzlement,
which, perhaps, he could have covered had he
lived. There was Sanford, cashier of the Cen-
tral National, a man who never went near " the
Street," and dressed so plainly as even to elicit
remonstrance from his superior. He was found
to have converted securities belonging to cor-
respondent banks, but no visible blow fell on
him. One of the most tragic cases was that of
the teller of one of the largest banks in New
York. Suddenly the president died ; plainly,
the cashier would be promoted ; plainly, the
teller would become cashier; but he was a de-
faulter, and the change meant discovery. He
fled to Canada instead, and has probably died
there in miserable exile.
A recent case of sin in another line is also
startliugly tragic. A year ago, a young man
of some twenty-six years was vice-president of
a manufacturing corporation in this city, and
practically manager. One morning a man strode
into the building, pushed his way past the at-
tendants into the private office, thrust a letter
before the young man, and demanded whether
he had written it. He admitted that he had,
whereupon the intruder struck him, pounded
and throttled him, drew a pistol, and was in the
actofusingit when others interfered.
• Like a bolt from a clear sky,
vengeance fell upon him. Within an hour he
was disgraced, his official position was gone, his
prospects were blighted, and he passed out of
sight — only, in some manner, the story was kept
out of reach of the scent of the purveyors of
the daily press. There is a long list of such
stories, all true and all sad. The unfortunates
whose names are given are dead, and the inci-
dents are so old that probably there is no one
living whose feelings can be"wounded by pub-
lication. The moral is as stern and as terrible
as it is old. Happiness can never be found by
seeking it— it comes, unobtrusively, of itself, to
those who, not thinking of it, are engaged in
lives of activity, which it rewards. ^Vhat is
called pleasure is not even a form of happiness,
but a mocking image of it. And to all who
violate law— whether the laws of numbers and
of sociology by bad insurance schemes, or of
morals and the body by vicious living— the
reckoning comes and exacts the penalty.
At an infidel meeting in Boston a richly
dressed woman in the audience, who had listen-
ed to half a dozen speeches, rose and said : "Mr.
President, when I give up my religion and my
children, it will be for something very much
better than you have oflered to-day." We judo-e
from published reports that her words threw\
sudden coldness over the meeting. And well
It might, and should. Infidelity has no sweet-
ness, no hope, no comfort, no life to ofler. It is
mere negation, declamation, criticism, repudia-
tion. It would rob humanity of cheer, solace
and inspiration through a Redeemer. It is a
poor exchange for the Christian's hope and life
— Exchange.
The Atonement.
Friends' Views Respectino it.
The Importance op Believing in its Efficacy.
(Concluded from page 292.)
George Fox.
"Christ gave himself, his body, for the life
of the whole world; He was the offering for
the sins of the whole world ; and paid the debt,
and made satisfaction; and doth enlighten
every man that comes into the world, that all
through Him might believe, and he that doth
not believe in the oflering is condemned already."
Great Myalery, 1659.
Robert Barclay.
" We do not hereby intend any ways to lessen
or derogate from the atonement and sacrifice i
of Jesus Christ ; but on the contrary do mag
nify and exalt it. For as we believe all thost
things to have been certainly transacted whicl:
are recorded in the holy Scriptures concerning
the birth, life, miracles, sufferings, resurrectior
and ascension of Christ; so we do al.so believe
that U is the duty of every one to believe it to whoa '
it pleases God to reveal the same, and to brinj
to them the knowledge of it; yea we believe ii
were damnable unbelief not to believe it, wher
so declared ; but to resist that holy seed, whicl
as minded would lead and incline every one t(
believe it as it is ofl^ered unto them, though i
revealeth not in every one the outward anc
explicit knowledge of it, nevertheless it alway:
assenteth to it, vbi deelaratur, where it is de
dared. Nevertheless as we firmly believe i
was necessary that Christ should come, that bj
his death and sufferings He might offer up him
self a sacrifice to God for our sins, who his owi
self " bare our sins in his own body on the tree ;'
so we believe that the remission of sins whicl
any partake of, is only in and by virtue of tha
most satisfactory sacrifice, and no otherwise.'
—Apology, Prop. V., VI., Sec. 15.
William Penn.
" We cannot say God could not have fakei
another way to have saved sinners, than by th
death and sufl^erings of his Son, to satisfy hi
justice; or that Christ's death and suffering
were a strict and rigid satisfaction for tha
eternal death and misery due to man for sii
and transgression ; for such a notion were t
make God's mercy little concerned in man'
salvation ; and in(ieed, we are at too great :
distance from his infinite wisdom and power t
judge of the liberty or necessity of his actings.
***
" We cannot believe that Christ's death am
sufferings so satisfies God, or justifies men, as tha
they are thereby accepted of God. They are
indeed, thereby put into a state capable of bt
ing accepted of God ; and through theobedienc
of faith and sanctification of the Spirit, are i
a state of acceptance. For we can never thin:
a man justified before God while self-condemn
ed; or that any man can be in Christ who i
not a new creature ; or that God looks upoi
men otherwise than as they are. We think i
a state of presumption and not of salvation, t
call Jesus Lord, and not by the work of tli
Holy Ghost; Master, and He not yet maste
of their affections; Saviour, and they not save
by Him from their sins ; Redeemer, and ye
they not redeemed by Him from their passioi
pride, covetousness, wantonness, vanity, vai
honors, friendships and glory of this work '
\Vhich were to deceive themselves, for Go
will not be mocked ; such as men sow, sue
they must reap, And though Christ did di
f
Fourth Mo. 10, 1897
THE FRIEND.
299
for us, yet we must, by the assistance of his
grace, work out our salvation with fear ami
trembling. As He died for sin, so we must die
to siu, or we cannot be said to be saved by the
death and sufferings of Christ, or thoroughly
justified and accepted with God."
*±*
"The first part of justification (from the guilt
of sin), we do reverently and humbly acknowl-
edge, is only for the sake of the death and suf
ferings of Christ; nothing we can do, though
by the operation of the Holy Spirit, being able
to cancel old debts, or wipe out old scores. It
is the power and efficacy of that propitiatory
offering, upon faith and repentance, that justi-
fies us from the sins that are past; and it is the
power of Christ's Spirit in our hearts that puri-
fies and makes us acceptable before God. For
till the heart of man is purged from sin, God
will never accept of it. He reproves, rebukes
and condemns those that entertain sin there,
and therefore such cannot be said to be in a
justified state — condemnation and justification
being contraries; so that they that hold them-
selves in a justified state by the active and pas-
sive obedience of Christ, while they are not
actively and passively obedient to the Spirit of
Jesus Christ, are under a strong and dangerous
delusion." — From Primitive Christianity Revived.
* *
" Because in some cases we have said the Lord
Jesus was our great example, and that his obe-
dience to his father doth not e.'ccuse ours ; but
by keeping his commandments. He abode in
his Father's love, so must we follow his exam-
ple of obedience to abide in his love. Some
have been so ignorant (or that which is worse)
as to venture to say for us, or in our name, that
we believe our Lord Jesus Christ was in all
things but an example; whereas we confess
Him to be so much more an example, that we
believe Him to be our most acceptable sacrifice
to God his father, who for his sake will look
upon fallen man that hath justly merited the
wrath of God, upon his return by repentance,
faith and obedience, as if he had never sinned
at all." — From a Testimony to the Truth.
Geokge Whitehead.
" I believe Christ's mediation, suffering and
death for mankind took effect from the begin-
ning, ever since man fell, and the blessed effects
and fruit thereof for man's redemption shall
continue to the end of the world. And the
eminent love and respect God had from the
beginning and ever will have, to his own prom-
ised seed, Christ Jesus, and to all that He did
and suffered for the redemption and salvation
of the whole Adam, or all mankind, the excel-
lent virtue, merits, or deservings of Christ, in
all his obedience, works and sufferings for man-
kind, did reach to the beginning of the world,
and shall to the end thereof
For He who was as a lamb slain from the
foundation of the world and by the grace of
God tasted death for every man, ever liveth to
make intercession for man, according to the
will of God." — From Truth Prevalent.
In reply to one who accused him of esteem-
ing the blood of Christ no more than a common
thing, George Whitehead says, " I positively
affirm thus: That Christ did offer up the flesh
and blood of that body, though not only so, for
He poured out his soul. He poured out his life,
a sacrifice unto the Father; and in it tasted
death for every man ; and that it is upon con-
sideration, and through God's acceptance of
this sacrifice for sin, that the sins of believers
are pardoned, that God might be just, and the
justifier of him who believeth in Je^us or who
is of tlie faith of Jesus. Is this common flesh
and blood? Can this be affirmed of common
flesh and blood?"
George Bishop.
To one who accused the Society of Friends
of being socinians, viz : " 'Tis a doctrine of the
socinians that our Lord Jesus Christ did not
by his death and bloodshed, satisfy for our sins,
and so purchase redemption for us, but that
He was a perfect pattern of righteousne.'^.s, holi-
ness, obedience and sufferings."
George Bishop replies, " That He is the lat-
ter, viz : a perfect pattern, etc., hath been proved
out of Christ's own mouth, and the Apostle
Peter's, and the Quakers own it. . . .
But that He did not by his death and blood-
shed satisfy for our sins, and so purchase re-
demption for us, is a wicked lie." — From the
Throne of Truth Exalted over the Powers of Dark-
ness.
Mary Dudley.
The following extract from a sermon of Mary
Dudley, as reported and published by one not
a Friend, beautifully portrays her conception
of the value of the atonement for those " who
were servants of God before his sufferings, as
well as those who have lived since his coming,"
and is an exemplification of the depth and scope
of meaning in the terras, " slain from the founda-
tion of the world."
" But if He manifested his mercy in our crea-
tion, oh, how stupendous was his love, when
man fell from that happy state in which He
had formed him, to find a remedy, to provide
the means of salvation, not for fallen Adam
only, but for all who should spring from him,
even unto the end of time, by the propitiatory
sacrifice of Christ on the cross, by the blood of
the just for the unjust, reconciling God to the
world and saving all the children of his Father,
both in ages to come and in all former genera-
tions."
" By his means, we obtain knowledge of the
truth, by Him we come to the Father; and
him that draweth near to Him, He will in no
wise cast out."
"So that the love of God in Christ hath re-
mained in all generations; the Light of Israel,
the redeemer of the world hath saved the just
of every age ; the same blessed means has always
produced the same glorious effect ; his atone-
ment hath made satisfaction for the transgres-
sion of those who were servants of God before
his suffering, as well as those who have lived
since his coming; for those dying in faith and
living in holiness, although they received not
the Gospel, were accepted through the precious
blood of the future sacrifice of God. He saved
all that ever were or will be redeemed. There
is no other name under Heaven whereby sal-
vation is offered unto man."
Stephen Grellet.
Stephen Grellet in 1822, when travelling in
Long Island, where a spirit of infidelity and
openly denying the Divinity of Christ was pre-
vailing, wrote as follows:
" In all these meetings, I felt myself impera-
tively called upon to preach the Lord Jesus
Christ as the only Saviour ; to expose the aw-
fulness of the sin of unbelief, and the fearful
condition of those ' who have trodden under
foot the Sou of God, and counted the blood of
the covenant, wherewith we were sanctified, an
unholy thing, and done despite unto the " Spirit
of Grace." '
" 1827, at Wilmington there were many ' who
deny the only Saviour and reject the only hope
of salvation.' The burden of the word given
to preach was Ciirist and Him crucified, who
was delivered for our offences and raised again
for our justification. I set forth the heinous-
ness of the sin of unbelief in Christ, and ear-
nestly besought them to return unto Him whom
they had denied, that they might have hope to
obtain eternal life through Him.
"At London Grove it was laid upon rae
loudly to proclaim that hope of redemption
which the believer has through our Lord Jesus
Christ."
Thomas Evans.
Thomas Evans, on page 12G (first edition)
of his Exposition, refers to one who " adopted
and promulgated the /a&e and anti- Christian
notion, that the gift of Divine Grace in the soul,
superseded the necessity and cancelled the bene-
fits of the coming and sufferings of our blessed
Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ."
For a fuller and more detailed account of the
views of the Society of Friends on the all im-
portant subject of the atoning sacrifice on Cal-
vary, the reader is referred to the valuable
work of Thomas Evans, entitled, "An Exposi-
tion of the Faith of the Religious Society of
Friends, commonly called Quakers, in the Fun-
damental Doctrines of the Christian Religion."
T. E.
Secrecy and Privacy. — Let me ask you
to discriminate between mere privacy and well-
defined secrecy. Mere privacy includes the
private acts of the individual, the family, busi-
ness committee, insurance company, even a ses-
sion of Congress; either and all of these are
natural and right, and afford no facility for
extended conspiracy against the life, liberty or
character of individuals, or the well-being of the
community, state or nation. But the secrecy
referred to, including as it does associations of
men extended over the community, state or
nation, and bound together by grips, passwords
and fearful oaths, to " hail, to conceal and never
reveal the secrets of a brother;" the "rites,
ceremonies or future laws and acts of this so-
ciety"— even those " unseen and unknown" —
such societies, existing as they do in time of
peace, and organized, not for public good but
for personal interest, awaken just suspicion and
alarm, for they may be used for selfish and
dangerous purposes. History reveals scores of
ust such injurious associations.
It was in reference to such societies that John
i^uincy Adams said : " I am prepared to com-
plete the demonstration before God and man,
that the Masonic oaths, obligations and penal-
ties cannot by any possibility be reconciled to
the laws of morality, of Christianity, or of the
land."
Daniel Webster said : " All secret associa-
tions, the members of which take upon them-
selves extraordinary obligations to one another,
and are bound together by secret oaths, are
naturally sources of jealousy and just alarm to
others ; are especially unfavorable to harmony
and mutual confidence among men living to-
gether under popular institutions, and are dan-
gerous to the general cause of liberty and just
government." — by ex-president John G. Fee of
Berea College.
300
THE FRIEND.
Fourth Mo. 10, 1897
For "The Feiend."
SOMETIME, SOMEWHERE.
Unanswered yet ? the prayer from lips love pleaded
In agony of heart these many years.
Does faith begin to fail ? Is hope departing,
And think you all in vain these falling tears ;
Say not the Father has not heard y. nr prayer—
You shall have your desire sometime, somewhere.
Unanswered vet ? though when you first presented
This tne petition at the Father's throne,
It seemed vou could not wait the time of asking,
So urgent was your heart to make it known.
Though years have passed since then, do not despair —
The Lord will answer you sometime, somewhere.
Unanswered yet? Nay, do not say nngranted,
Perhaps your part is not yet wholly done ;
The work began when first your prayer was uttered,
And God will finish what He has begun.
If vou will keep your incense burning Ihere,
His glory you shall see sometime, somewhere.
Unanswered yet? Faith cannot be unanswered
Her feet were firmly planted on the Rock.
Amid the wildest storms she stands undaunted
Nor fails before the loudest thunder shock.
She knows Omnipotence has heard her prayer.
And cries, "it shall be done sometime,.somewhere.
Selected.
THE -WEB OF LIFE.
O, strange web of life ; I would loose thee tonight.
And lay down the shuttle, and rest for awhile.
For the threads I weave in make the shadows too dark.
And the warp and the woof shrink with tears all
the while.
I cannot do this, but the web of the past,
I loose from llie beam with a tremulous hand.
There's a quiver and thrill at my heart as I gaze
And note how uneven each figure is planned.
O, strange web of life! in childhood so bright;
So tilled with the promise of glorious things.
So evenly woven while guarded by love,
E're time hurried childhood away on its wings.
How memory's doors are unlocking to-night!
The past with its joys and its sorrows appears.
Where blessings and prayers and hopes are com-
mingled.
And threads that were golden are cankered with
tears.
What beautiful hopes are woven in here.
What holy resolves are clustering there;
How even again is the ground-work I view,
Ere long o'erlapped by the leaves of despair.
O, hand e'er so tired, thou canst not lay down
The shuttle that tillelh thy life web up fast;
It seeriieth not well to grow weary at noon
So willing aside thy life-work to cast.
Weave in good resolves with beautiful hope,
With faith in tiid's promise toil in thy prime.
With love in thy heart, thy fingers may yet
Weave a glorious web ere the evening time.
A Colonial Bishop. — Bishop Newnham
thus writes of travel through his hyperborean
diocese of Moosonee, in Canada : — " For a laro'e
pai|t of the way I only had two Indian lads,
which means that I paddled myself for many
hours in the day, besides helping to carry over
the portages, to haul at the ' tracking-line,' or
tow-rope, and to make camp at night. I have
been travelling in canoe and open boat for over
three months, sleeping in a tent, or in open
boat without even that shelter, for the whole of
that time, except for three weeks altogether at
the ditterent Hudson's Bay Company's posts,
in almost tropical heat of midsummer and the
frosty nights of the autumn, sometimes plagued
with myriads of mosquitoes and other venomous
flies; at other times, on the Bay, surrounded by
vast ice tloes from arctic regions, much of the
time wet through from incessant rain or from
wading in rivers and through swamps: exposed
soinetinus to the risks of swift rapids, at others
to gales and tides ; rising daily at four or half
past four in the morning, and retiring to my
bed on the ground at ten at uight." — Herald of
Peace.
Selected.
Striving for the Strait Gate.
BY THEODORE L. CUTLER.
Jesus Christ when He was on earth pointed
out two gateways ; and they remain to this day.
One of them is " the gate which leadeth unto life ;"
the other is the " gate which leadeth to destruc-
tion." The first gate he described as "strait"
or narrow; the second is a "wide" gate, and
opening out into an exceedingly broad road that
was, and is, thickly travelled. This latter gate is
very easily found ; it is the popular road of self-
gratification and self-indulgence ; it allows a wide
berth for "free thinking" and free living, and
those who travel there are not required to give
much thought about God, or the Day of Judg-
ment, or a coming eternity. There is no need
to rear pulpits or to employ preachers to point
out this wide entrance ; one has only to obey
his sinful inclinations and run with the crowd ;
" many there be who go in thereat."
The great object of Christ's coming into this
world was to open the " strait gate," to lay out
the road, to guide all those who tread it, and
to secure their full and final salvation. On
one occasion, by a very bold metaphor, he de-
clared, "I am the door; by Me if any man
enter in he shall be saved." Why is this gate-
way to the Christian life called "narrow?" Did
Christ mean to say that his power, or his pity,
or his love, were limited ? No indeed ; for noth-
iug under heaven could be more unlimited than
his gracious, loving invitation, " whosoever will,
let him come!" He simply meant that his gate
was " strait" or narrow because it did not allow
perfect latitude of opinion, or utter laxity of
conduct. No one is permitted to say — hence-
forth I am my own master; I shall do as I like.
Favorite sins and self-indulgences are contra-
brand at that strait gateway. Pride cannot
drive througl; its coach and four; sensuality
cannot smuggle in its harlots, or its hampers
of strong drink; the worldling cannot bring in
his worship of Mammon, or the covetous man
his greed of lucre; and no self-righteous sinner
is permitted to stalk in and assert that he has
no need of the righteousness of Jesus Christ.
To every one who approaches this blessed gate-
way of salvation, the loving Saviour gives the
firm command: "If any man will come after
Me, let him deny himself!"
Hallelujahs and endless thanksgivings to God
that the entrance to the true Christian life is
just what it is ! At the gate we are to give up,
and ever afterward we are to take up. At that
gate we are commanded to crucify that accursed
house-devil self, that we may have room in our
hearts forChiist, and for our fellow-men. While
the broad road leads down to death, the narrow
gate leadeth unto life — to largeness of life and
loftiness of aim, and genuine joys. It brings
pardon and peace of mind; and secures fellow-
ship with Jesus Christ. If the gate be narrow
by excluding what is base and selfish and sinful,
the man who enters it is broadened. Noble old
Norman Macleod, of Scotland, phrased it very
finely in the last speech that ever fell from his
eloquent lips. He said :
" I desire to be broad as the charity of Al-
mighty God, who maketh his sun to shine on
the evil and the good, who hateth no man, and
who loveth the poorest Hindu more than all our
committees or all our churches. But while I
long for that breadth of charity, I desire to be
narrow— narrow as God's righteousness, which,
as a sharp sword, can separate between eternal
right and eternal wrong."
Such a life as this— the only life that is " eter-
nal"— is not to be had for the mere wishing. It
is not enough to sigh for it and to say, " How I
wish I was a better man — how I wish I was a
Christian !" Such sighings cost nothing and
come to nothing. There may be millions in hell
who once promised themselves that they would
at some time become Christians. "Strive to
enter in at the strait gate !" said Jesus Christ.
It was to be no child's play. It is no holiday
business to deny self, to put the knife to wicked
appetites, to break from dangerous associations,
to face possible ridicule, to cut loose from en-
tangling sins. If there be one person reading
this article who honestly desires this new and
noble life, I would say to him or her — there are
many things to hold you back. The Evil One
does not go out of human hearts in these days
any more willingly than he did in the olden
Bible-times, and only at the bidding of Christ.
Fray earnestly to Christ for deliverance. The
world has got its grip on you. Perhaps your
intimate associates are unfriendly to religion —
they may stare at you, or sneer at your exchang-
ing a frolic for a prayer-meeting. Moral cow-
ardice has cheated millions out of heaven. Good
resolutions made in your own strength are mere
pipeclay.
You have never striven to enter the open
gateway to the new and the eternal life. You
have had the divided mind that accomplishes
nothing. It has been only half-and-half work, '
spending itself on a few serious thoughts soon
dissipated, or on a few formal prayers. No man,
having put his hand to the plough and looking
back, is fit" (i. e, is well put) " for the kingdom
of God." If you take hold of the plough spir-
itually, with the help of the Holy Ghost push
it through. Thrust it down deep into the sub-
soil of your affections and your hitherto stub-
born will. If that plough tears up some beds
that have only borne flowering weeds, all the
better. You are not a Christian until you have
given your heart to Jesus Christ. Y^ou must
begin to keep his commandments, to resist sin
because He liates it, and to do right because He
loves it. Quench not the Spirit! Just begin
to serve Christ by doing the first duty that comes
to your hand. Refuse to do the first wrong thing
to which you are tempted, and do this with fer-
vent prayer for Divine help. "Strive to enter
in at the strait gate ; for many will seek to enter
in, and shall not be able when once the master
of the house is risen up and hath shut to the '
door!" That gateway of life may soon be shut!
During a revival of religion in one of our
great universities two students were awakened
who were intimate friends. One evening they
agreed to go and call upon one of the professors
and ask for his advice. They came to his door,
when one of the two stopped and said, " I be-
lieve I won't go in." His companion replied,
" Y^ou can do as you please ; but I need all the
help that a man of experience can give. I am
resolved to go in." There they parted — and for
eternity! The one went in, opened his difficul-
ties to the professor, received good counsel, and
decided for Christ. He became an eminently
useful minister of Christ. The other threw ofi'
all serious thought, drifted into " fast" associa-
tions, and ended his career as a sot. The one
co-operated with the loving Spirit, the other
quenched the Spirit, and shut the gateway of'
life against himself! My friend, your Bible is
Fourth Mo. 10, 1897
THE FRIEND.
301
full of glorious encouragement to you. A pure
life, a useful life, a happy life and an eter
life in the Father's house is now within your
reach. The only time you are sure of is the
present. There are two gates, and the two op-
posite roads into eternity ! You must take one
or the other ! Beside that strait gate stands the
Infinite love, saying to you, "I set before you
death and life. Choose life .'"
Letter From Germany.
The time goes'so swiftly that I do not know
what to make of it sometimes. Think of it!
Three weeks from to-day I will probably be in
Cologne, from whence 1 take the train to Paris,
and will reach there, if all goes well, by three
o'clock in the morning. Thee can imagine how
I will fly around, when I reach there! These
last three weeks I am not working so hard. I
have only a few pages more of the grammar, and
Fraulein Meyer seems quite pleased with me.
Since I began, the first of Ninth Month, I have
covered the work done by the pupils here in
six years. Of course, in going over it so rapidly,
I have not retained it all, but I have done the
work, and understand it, and know just where
to look for any rule or manner of expression
that I wish— and that is of great value.
To-day, in my lesson with M. Mercier, I could
talk very well. Some days I can do better than
others. I shall have no difficulty, on reaching
Paris. I feel sure of that. I tidd thee I in-
tended to stay only one month there.
Board and everything in Europe is paid by
the month, not by the week. If I arrive on the
twelfth I will expect to leave on the twelfth.
Paris is the most beautiful in the Fifth Month,
every one says. But I don't 7nind. It will be
imucii lovelier in Switzerland. Oh, I simply
pine for the country and the mountains and the
•freedom.
Yesterday I received an invitation to an even-
ing company next week, given to celebrate
Washington's Birthday by the Americans here
in Gottingen. It will be a simple, social gath-
ering, with only refreshments, and no regular
dinner or supper, but I wrote a refusal, because
I don't feel very social just now, and, knowing
the Americans so little, I don't think I would
specially enjoy it. I don't go anywhere this
Avinter, except to lessons and lectures and walk-
ing. I have had several invitations to large
'coffees" (though I know very few people here),
but have managed every time to have a good
excuse, so that I need not go. In France and
Switzerland I will do as I did in Germany last
.vinter, accept everything that comes along, and
^pend my time hearing and talking, more than
io much studying. I have the hard part be-
lind me now, and what I want is fluency. Be-
tides, I shall come home more rested, and in
ivery way in better condition by not working
0 much at the desk and burning the midnight
lil, which I have done this winter.
I am glad when anything I write pleases
ithers. But I generally write so hurriedly, and
laving spoken almost no English for so long, I
'ften notice afterwards that I have worded my
etters very badly.
I told thee that Ida my friend from the Harz,
lad been here. I was with her a great deal. I
0 wish thee could know her. I have told thee
ery often how lovely she is. Her mother was
0 grateful that I could be with her and help
beer her, that she sent me a very nice book,
nd Albanae an album for the colored postal
ards, of which I have already spoken in earlier
letters. Albanae was delighted. She had al-
ready several cards that had been written to
her, but she had never cared for them. But
now her chief desire is to get the book full. I
will write her on one, now and then, from the
places I stop at in my trip. Some of them are
really quite pretty, and for a child it is very
nice. She learns also the names of cities and
resorts in this way. One of her friends gave her
lot the other dav.
]<:. S. K.
How I Built the First Road in Northern
Newfoundland.
One of the strangest lacks of the many I per-
ceived when I first went to my lonely mission-
ary quarters in the north of Newfoundland, was
that of a road. Look where one would, there
was nothing like a road. All along the coast
there were either barrens or forests, but, save a
narrow footpath, no roads. Of course, there were
no horses, except one, and her nearest neighbor
in kind lived more than two hundred miles
away. There were, therefore, no carts or car-
riages. The only mode of travel besides walk-
ing was by dog-sleigh in winter, over from three
to six feet of hard snow, or boat in summer. I
soon grew to the want of roads when I found
that there was no demand for them.
But " want or no want," I reflected one day,
" it looks so uncivilized to be without roads,"
and I wished, for the sake of civilization merely,
to have a " bit of a road," as an Irishman would
say. Near to my headquarters— that is, three
and seven miles distant, respectively —there
stood two little frame churches, in which I used
to minister at regular intervals. Now both these
churches were about a half a mile from the
landing-stage to which we used to tie our boats
when we wenttochurch in thesuramer. " No
thought I, " what a great thing it would be if I
could build a road to each of the churches from
the landing-stage !" The more I thought of this
little plan of mine, the more I admired it, and
I determined to carry it out some day. But hoiv
could I doit? That was the question. The
good folk among whom I lived had, for the
large part, never seen a road in their lives, and
I suspected that those who had had forgotten
what it was like. But I was set on getting the
glory of projecting and completing the fi rst road
in the north of Newfoundland. The idea came
to me during the first winter of my residence.
The summer followed, and my plan existed only
in my own mind. All throug'h the long summer
days the people were all engaged in the cod-
fishery and other fisheries. Noboily had a mo-
ment to spare, specially to discuss the providing
of that for which no need existed.
The fisheries promised a rich harvest at the
beginning of the season, and great hopes filled
the breasts of the fisher-folk, who had struggled
hard to live under the stress of three successive
failures in their only business and means of
livelihood. Heads were bent, heavy sighs and
dejected looks told the tale of sorrow that lurked
under the tawny, weather-beaten brow of the
fisherman. The season ended, and the catch
was only, as the people expressed it, "half a
voyage." The traders arrived, in their well-
equipped and well-stocked ships, ready to barter
with the people for their fish and oil, but there
was .so little fish and oil, and the families were
very large, and the winter was long. Only half
a supply of salt beef and pork, and molasses
and flour could be procured. " Must trust in
God for the rest," they would say, and turn
longingly away from plenty to face scarcity.
Now there would seem to be no connection
between this sad condition of affairs and my
plan of building two half-miles of road on the
Newfoundland coast. But it was just this crisis
that furnished me with the power to carry it
out to my complete .satisfaction. Realizing what
the long winter would be for the poorest of the
people all along the coast, who had only been
able to obtain a very small supply of food from
the trader, the leaders of the people came to me
and urged me, before the ice formed, to lay the
matter before the government of the island, and
ask for flour and molasses. To this request I
assented, and sent a hasty letter by the last
trading-vessel to the government, with a state-
ment of the destitution that was impending, and
concluding by begging for assistance. Ten days
later, the letter was answered by the appearance
of a schooner, which soon landed two hundred
barrels of flour and two puncheons of molasses.
They were consigned to me, with a letter of in-
structions, which the captain of the schooner
handed to me when all the provisions had been
safely stored in a large shed near to ray head-
quarters. The letter stated that the shipment
had been given gratis to those who were likely
to want during the long winter ; that I was to
use my own discretion in giving it out, but that
it might be good for the people them.selves to
do some work in return for it, of which I was
also to be the judge.
So my road began to come within measurable
distance of being built. However, before doing
anything (and I was very anxious to get at it),
I called the men around me and told them of
my plan. They agreed very cordially to assist
me, and it was understood that all men who re-
ceived assistance from the government shipment
were to work on the " passon's road." Of course,
nothing could be done in the way of road-
making during the winter, and so the second
winter passed away. But with the first signs of
spring, I summoned my forces, gave them my
plans, and set them to work at the building of
the first road in the north of the colony. I su-
perintended the work day after day, giving or-
ders like a general, showing the men how to
work, and deporting myself with very great
importance. The workmen were true to their
word, and, though they did not (^could not)
work at the roads every day, yet when autumn
came they were finished, "well ballasted and
graded, and fit for a king to walk on. — Frede-
ric E. J. Lloyd in Sunday School Times.
The editor of the Christian Advocate has a
column in his paper delegated to answering
questions from his correspondents mainly re-
ferring to the doctrines and discipline of the
Methodist Church.
In a recent number of the paper in replying
to a query involving the idea of infant ac-
countability, the editor states: "The Methodist
Episcopal Church has thus far had sufficient
common sense not to promulgate a doctrine
concerning a subject upon which the Scriptures
are absolutely silent."
Is so dry a region as Central Australia, frogs
are found in fair numbers, creeks and clay-pans
" swarming" with them. As the waters dry up
the frogs disappear in their burrows, remaining
the rains come again. " Certain species of
them," says Spencer, " gorge themselves with
water before they go into their retreats, and in
times of drouth the natives dig them out and
obtain enough water from their bodies to satisfy
their thirst.— (S'efcc/erf.
302
THE FRIEND.
Fourth Mo. 10, 189
An Estimate of Friends.
In the Lafiivette Avenue Presbj'terian Church,
Brooklyn, N". Y., on the evening of Eleventh
Month "20th, the Pastor, Dr. David Gregg, de-
livered a discourse on " The Quakers as Makers
of America."
" The Quakers, when seen at their best, stand
in American history for ideal civilization ; and
this civilization is their contribution to the
American republic. As historic characters the
Quakers are a marked and influential people
in the midst of the most marked and influential
types of mankind. They have put their stamp
indelibly on national and international life.
If we enter into the courts of justice we can see
that they have been there; the substitution of
affirmation in place of the oath is their work.
The jails of humanity show the results of their
reform ; it was they who changed our prisons
from sties to sanatoriums. The dream of that
beautiful prison angel, Elizabeth Fry, is being
worked out into reality in criminal law, and the
remedial element in punishment is being pushed
to the forefront in the administration of justice.
They have put their mark even on the pages
of our Holy Bible and have made it a book of
greater power. Tiiey have taken some of its
grandest prophecies and statements and com-
mands and beatitudes, and by believing them,
living them, translating them into reigning
forces in the home and in the church and in
the State, they have so made these their own
that in reading the Book we instinctively as-
sociate their names with these scriptures.
" The Quakers arose in an age of dogmas and
creeds and persecutions and reforms and relig-
ious revolutions and quarrelling ecclesiastics.
They took their place among the ranks of re-
formers, and were the most advanced of all.
Their reforms were the most sweeping of all.
They were the liberals and radicals of that age ;
they were the reformers of the reformed ; they
undertook to reform Calvin, and Luther, and
Knox. The Episcopalians and Puritans and
Presbyterians protested against the Romanists,
but the Quakers protested against the Episco-
palians, and Puritans and Presbyterians. In
the language of Milton to them, 'presbyter
was only old priest writ large.' The Quakers
were the Episcopalians and Puritans and Pres-
byterians of ihe seventeenth century, sweetened
and modified, and made over with a new and a
large admixture of love. They denied all ec-
clesiastical authority, and threw aside all the
prevailing ecclesiastical rites; they went to
God directly for their instructions and wor-
shipped before God in stillness and silence with-
out prescribed forms. As the complement of a
State without a king, they offered mankind a
church without a bishop. Sweeping aside creeds,
and councils, and rituals, and synods, they held
that God and the individual man, living in
loving fellowship, were sufficient.
" They were a people of great moral purpose.
Their ideals were their inspiration, and the reali-
zation of these ideals was their goal. They got
their strength from ideals and convictions and
visions of which the senses take no cognizance.
James Freeman Clarke calls them the ' English
mystics." If they were mystics they were ex-
ceedingly practical mystics. They were one of
the most independent people among all the
races. They differed from all the sects around
them in that they renounced the use of all force
in the propagation of their principles. They
inculcated and practised religious toleration.
They have the honor of being one of the few
divisions of Christendom against which the
charges of cruelty and selfishness and love of
power cannot be brought. Their gun was a
protest, their bullet a principle. They served
the Church and State by what they were. When
violence was used against them their principle
of action was. Never retaliate. Their method
of growth was by patience and perseverance
and quiet suffering, and their method was eS'ec-
tive. For example, they carried their religion
into the Massachusetts colony and planted it
right in the midst of the hard-headed Puritans.
The Puritans persecuted them, whipped them,
robbed them, hung them, but they kept right
on asserting themselves and suffering until, by
their patience, they wore out the cruelty of the
Puritans and brought the Puritan scourge aud
scaffold into public disgrace. The public, won
over to them by their beautiful spirit, rose and
demanded the cessation of persecution. Thus
they purchased and established for us by their
sufferings the religious toleration which now
exists in our republic. . . .
"The Quaker power in America reached its
height in the coming of William Penn and in
the establishment and life of the colony of Penn-
sylvania. William Penn was second only to
George Fox as a Quaker influence. There was
no man better fitted to establish such a com-
monwealth than William Penn. He had paid
a large price for the privilege of being a Quaker
and this made him a man to be trusted. He
had ability, he was educated at Oxford. He
was democratic in spirit ; his definition of a free
government shows this. 'Any government,' he
said, ' is free where the people are a party to
the laws enacted.' He was a kindred spirit to
John Bright, the Quaker statesman of Great
Britain, who for a whole generation was a lead-
ing spirit in the great movements of his country,
and who was always on the right side. John
Bright got his principles from William Penn.
An analysis of his public life will show the
Quaker principle of civil life to be this: Po-
litical power is rightly exercised only when it
is possessed by the consent of the governed and
is used for the welfare of the community ac-
cording to the permissions of the moral law.
"This principle guided William Penn when
he organized his colony. He gave it a consti-
tution and laws full of the genius of humanity
and full of equal justice. He allowed all re-
forms to be pushed within its territory. There
was not one good Quaker thing which did not
flourish in it. Here the Indians were treated
as brothers and here they acted brotherly in
return. The colony was a temperance colony ;
it was an anti-war colony ; it was a colony
noted for its religious toleration.
" The part the Quakers have taken in build-
ing the American republic makes clear this
twofold way in which patriots can effectively
serve their country:
" 1. — By uttering an emphatic protest against
all destructive evils.
" History can ask no grander illustration of
the power of protest than Quaker life on Ameri-
can soil. Why is it that there is no African
slavery to-day within our borders? It is be-
cause the Quakers as early as 1688 issued their
protest against African slavery, and kept it
issued until the nation was educated up to the
emancipation proclamation. But mark this:
They invested their all in their protest. They
meant it, and they made the American people
feel that they meant it. Their protest was
strong with the moral strength of a splendid
personality aud a consistent life ; its power was
moral.
" 2. By keeping before one's country uplift
ing and inspiring ideas.
" We call guns, swords, powder, forts, iron
clads and armies national powers; the Quaker
have taught us that there are powers beyonc
these. The powers beyond these are righ
thoughts, high ideals, holy visions, righteou
principles, burning aspirations. These make :
strong manhood and a pure womanhood, an(
such manhood aud womanhood make a strou{
and pure State. The men and women v/h
have these thoughts, ideals, visions, principles
aspirations, go straight to God for them ; the,
are exponents of God. The ideal civilizatioi
exists only in the pLm of God.
"This is the message of the Quaker father
to the patriotic sous of America: If you wouL
render your country the highest service ani
lead it forward to the millennial age, be a:
intellect to your country, make moral decision
for it; and think and decide within the lines c
God's holy law. If you would render you
country the highest service, be the Lord's pre
phet to your country ; dream dreams for it am
see visions for it."
Natural History, Science, etc.
Novel Sulphur Mining is now being carried oi
in South-Western Louisiana. The deposits Ia;i
underneath over four hundred feet of quicksanci
Previous attempts to get through this by stee
cylinders, and later by freezing, has failed dif
astrously. The new system resembles the double
tube method of getting brine. But here thre
tubes, one inside the other, are used. The oute
has water heated to three hundred and thirty-fiv
degrees F., that is, subjected to a pressure of tw
hundred pounds per square inch. Through tb
middle one the mixed water and melted sul
phur are caused to ascend. The core tube i
filled with hot air to help keep this sulphuj
liquid. The hot water, issuing from the oute
tube, melts the sulphur from the deposits, an'
the intense pressure forces it up the intermedi-
ate tube. This goes on for a few hours to
few days, when the steam generated blows of
Operations are stopped a few hours, and tbt
tubes possibly shifted further down. The mo!
ten sulphur is run into large vats, allowed t
cool, and sawn up into convenient blocks fo
transport.
Special Polar Candles would be necessary fo'
out-door work. A person named Moss has fouii'
that the ordinary candle, at thirty degrees belo'i
zero, only melts the central part, thus encasini
itself in a cylinder of wax or paraffin as it burni
Gold from Sea Waier. — Every ton of sea
contains on the average some three-quarters C
a grain of gold. This means over four hundrei
tons of gold beneath each square mile of
for it comes to about two hundred tons
cubic mile, and the oceans average a depth (•
fully two miles. It was suggested that at prefj
ent no one was likely to search for gold in th'
way. It makes itself most apparent in naturfl
ways by being deposited electrolytically upo
Muntz metal sheathing, along with silver, i
a late meeting of the Chemical Society, hov
ever, E. Sonstadt announced that he Iiad di
tected the gold in half a gallon of sea water b'
shaking it up with twenty grains of mercur
The question suggests itself whether such shal
ing could be accomplished by tidal action so
to collect gold quickly enough to pay a worl
ing per cent, upon the cost of the mercury. 0
possibly the " bittern" left after various las
'ourth Mo. 10, 1897
THE FRIEND.
\m
lave been crystallized out by evaporation might
le sufEcieutly concentrated to repay the further
abor. But this would be only upon a small
,cale. — London Friend.
Waste Water in Irrigation. — The portions of
ur country under irrigation are having new
xperieuces. As we know, when it rains a very
mall portion is used by vegetation ; the sur-
lus goes into the earth to feed springs, or
asses at once to add to the volume of rivers.
0 in locations where irrigation is practised, the
irger portion of water used passes into our
hannels. A remarkable result, but one to be
aturally expected is, that the underlying water
.>vel is often changed. Wells which at one
me had the water level twenty five or thirty
?et from the surface, have it now ten or twenty.
n other cases, springs of water will appear in
ivines where water never appeared before,
lany an owner with a dry and worthless piece
f ground becomes suddenly wealthy by water
ppearing on his property in this peculiar way.
^ut here the lawyer turns up, — and suits arise
i to whose property the water is. Here in the
last, or in the West, we have to return a run-
way horse when he is found on our premises,
-and there the runaway water is as much of a
jestion. Every condition in life has troubles
.'its own. — Meehatis' Monthly.
\ It is worth some trouble to see a heron eat a
(inner of small fish. As a spearsman he is
isily the best of his family, or of any other
»at I know of. His stroke is lightning quick,
id as sure as if foreordained ; I have never
■en it miss. No cat has a stealthier step or a
ore steadfast eye than a heron when slipping
ong to take a victim unaware. Not long ago
approached to within forty yards of a magni-
.■ent specimen, and with a strong binocular
ass observed it closely for more than an hour,
hile it wrought its strategies against a school
•'minnows.
I was on a bluff" fifteen feet higher than the
jd of the little stream in which my bird was
nding. The water was shallow and not very
lift, but it rippled prettily around some large
/anite bowlders between which the glinting
hes shot to and fro in silvery swarms. In
'der to surprise his victims the heron had to
'eep from place to place under cover of those
I'wlders; and it was wonderful how nimbly,
W warily and how swiftly he made his moves.
Jways when he struck he got a fish, a mere
Outhful and swallowed instantly; then the
shool scattered, as wild as hares, flashing away
i every direction. Pretty soon however, they
i[ came together again in some one of the dimp-
lig eddies on the sunny side of a bowlder. For
Jivhile the heron would not move. Standing
le a statue he appeared to take no notice of
h surroundings. He was waiting for a puff
( wind to stir up little waves on the water, and
Men it came he shot around the bowlder as if
Sit from a bow. The little fish did not see his
Dve while the surface of the water was agitat-
e; and next came his beak-thrust, certain
cath to one more minnow. — The Independent.
VYiLLi.iM R. Taber was a worthy Friend
^'0 deceased within a few vears in Western
liw York. On his eightieth birth-day, while
s.ted with his family quietly around the table
f dinner, he expressed with great tenderness
ti deep feeling of his heart.
'Let us praise the Lord for his goodness
ai for his wonderful works to the children of
men, for He hath dealt bountifully with us.
He hath given us bread to eat and raiment to
put on, but let us praise Him most of all in
that He hath in the riches of his love and mer-
cy given us of his grace and good spirit that
our souls may praise Him forever."
THE FRIEND.
FOURTH MONTH 10, 1807
A letter recently received from an Elder in
one of the Conservative Yearly Meetings in the
Western States, gives an encouraging view of
the condition of things in that part of our re-
ligious Society. It says, " Our meeting is well
attended. Our young people are showing by
their example that they are concerned in best
things. I believe this is real."
He mentions that one of their ministers had
been paying a religious visit to the meetings
of Western Yearly Meeting, and appointed
some meetings in going and returning, and that
he had accompanied him in this service, and
adds, " We were very much encouraged to see
so many of our young and middle-aged Friends
becoming interested in the welfare of our be-
loved Society. This feeling is general through-
out our Society in the West."
The Evangelical Alliance for the
United States of America. — The Annual
Report of this body for the past year is mainly
occupied with the efforts which it originated to
call a great national conference in the interest
of a permanent provision for arbitration; and
with attempts to prevent further persecution of
the Christians in Turkey. In furtherance of
this latter object, it addressed an expostulatory
letter to the Sultan of Turkey, recalling some
of the pledges of religious toleration which had
been issued by that Government. To this a
reply was received in general, denying the ac-
curacy of the statements made, and otherwise
unsatisfactory.
John Banks, in a letter to his wife, thus
alludes to the Yearly Meeting held in London,
in 1675:
" For thy comfort I may tell thee that since
the time I parted from thee, I have been made
so much a witness of the enjoyment of the
power and presence of God, among my breth-
ren, that I would not have missed it for all that
can be mentioned to me in the world. Oh, the
iiibreakings of the love and melting power of
God, and the shinings of his glorious light
amongst us in this our Yearly Meeting, where
Friends in the ministry were from most parts
through the nation ! How were our hearts
broken and our sjuls comforted and consoled I
The Lord did certainly evidence unto us that
our meeliugs, and what we there offered to Him
were acceptable and well-pleasing before Him.
Oh ! the sweet harmony of life that was amongst
us, the streams whereof flowed, and many liv-
ing testimonies were borne to the greatness and
sufficiency of the power of God that overshad-
owed us."
In looking over some papers the Editor met
with the above, and it reminded him of the
near approach of our own Yearly Meeting, and
the desire was raised that we might at its con-
clusion, be able to bear a similar testimony.
Is there not reason to hope that such will in
good measure be our experience, if Friends in
assembling at this annual gathering, are con-
cerned to dwell under the power of Christ, and
seek for his bles.sing on their eft'orts to uphold
his cause ?
Let us remember that of ourselves we can do
nothing to promote the cause of religion, and
that the servants of Christ must look to Him
to lead them in the way they should go, and
furnish them with the power to do his will.
If, as William Penn says, to be a true disci-
ple of Jesus, not a word, no, not a thought must
slip the watch or escape judgment, do we not
have need to beg with David, "Take not thy
holy Spirit from me ?" For it is this only, ever
present, and stimulating the mind, that can
enable us to avoid temptation and to experience
preservation from evil.
The concerns of the Church that claim the
attention of the Yearly Meeting are weighty,
and our members ought to be willing to devote
to their consideration the full force of their
minds, and the exercise of spirit which flows
from that Divine communion which the earnest
Friend is often made a partaker of. We be-
lieve this spiritual exercise is interfered with
when the mind is much absorbed by outside
matters not immediately connected "with the
affairs of the Church. Hence it is with regret
we have observed that temperance organizations
and other associations, have selected the week
of Yearly Meeting as one to hold meetings to
promote their objects. We believe that what-
ever good may be effected in this way is done
at the expense of the more important objects
for which the Yearly Meeting is held ; and
that its interests are subordinated to those of
a very secondary character.
The grand work of true religion is the sub-
jection of the human mind to the government of
its Creator— the bringing of every thought into
captivity to the obedience of Christ. The more
fully our members are brought into this state
of mind, the more will the Church flourish and
be clothed with her beautiful garments — the
righteousness of Christ. We confess we look
with uneasiness on the tendency to engage our
young people in a variety of philanthropic ef-
forts, lest they be tempted to substitute them
for submission to the Divine will and faithful
waiting on the Lord in spirit, and gradually
come to think they can serve the Lord in their
own way and time, and without dependence
on the fresh opening and leading of his Spirit,
and thus jiart from the very foundation princi-
ple of Quakerism. To those who are submis-
sive and watchful the Lord will open from time
to time the services in which He would have
them engage, and will bestow on their labors
such a blessing as seems meet to Him, and will
grant the blessing of preservation to his servants.
SUMMARY OF EVENTS.
United States. — The monthly comparative state-
ment of tbe Government receipts and expenditures
i-hows the total receipts during Third Month to have
heen $36,217,662, and the dishursements $27,212,997,
leaving a surplus for the month of 19,004,665. This
excfss is due almost entirely to increased receipts
from customs. During Third' Month, I89G, there was
a deficit of ?2,23.%000.
On the 31st iilt., a vote on the final passage of the
Tarifl^bill in the House stood : Yeas, 205 ; navs, 122;
present and not voting, 21 ; a majority of 83! An
amendment fixing Fourth Month 1st .is the date on
which the bill should go into effect was adopted,
against the protests of the Democrats, who contended
that it was retroactive, and, therefore, unconstitutional.
The President the same day signed the joint resolu-
tion making an appropriation' of S2oO,000 for the pro-
tectionof life and property from the floods in the Mis-
sissippi River.
By a unanimous vote, on the 5th inst., the United
States Senate adopted a resolution reciting the reports
304
THE FRIEND.
Fourth Mo. lU, 189;
that General Kais Kivera, the Cuban commander, is
about to be tried by drumhead court-martial and shot,
and expressing the judgment of the Senate that, if
these reports are true, the President of the United
States should protest to the Spanish Government
against such a violation of the rules of civilized war-
fare. The resolution was adopted by a vote of 44 to 0.
Senators Hoar and Hale refrained from voting. A
joint resolution was also agreed to, directing the Sur-
geon General of the Marine Hospital Service to aid
the Mississippi Kiver flood sufferers by the distribu-
tion of tents, blankets, food and medicine under the
epidemic fund of 1893, and to purchase further sup-
plies under the present epidemic fund for similar dis-
tribution.
Three more fruitless ballots for United States Sena-
tor were taken on the 1st inst. in the Kentucky Leg-
islature. A Kentucky dispatch says that " the dead-
lock is costing the State, already in bankrupt condi-
tion, $1,000 a day."
The New York Voice says: "Indiana's Supreme
Court has handed down ano"ther decision which con-
tains plenty of discomfort for the liquor traffic. It
holds that any city has a right by ordinance to exclude
saloons from the residence portions of the city, even
though the keepers may already possess licenses. This
decision also holds that a license to sell liquor is sim-
ply a temporary permit, which may be revoked at any
time the public good w^uld be served by such action.
Such a claim is entirely in harmony with the position
taken by the United States Supreme Court in the case
of California vs. Christensen, when, in delivering the
opinion of the Court, Justice Field said, ' There is no
inherent right in a citizen to sell intoxicating liquors
by retail. It is not a privilege of a citizen of a State,
or of a citizen of the United States.' Manifestly, then,
a license is simply the permission for a citizen to do
a thing he has no inherent right to do, and such a
doubtful and dangerous permit ought to be subject to
constant recall, if granting it in the first place was not
an act of folly and wickedness."
A medical journal has made some careful investiga-
tions among the colleges of New England, which en-
abled it to state that students who do not use tobacco
gain weight, height and girth of chest from ten to
twenty-four per cent, faster than those who chew or
smoke.
The Governor of Wisconsin has vetoed the McGill-
vray Anti-Trust bill. The bill not only prohibited the
formation of trusts in Wisconsin, but authorized, and
made it the business of, the Attorney General to pro-
ceed against foreign combinations doing business in
any way in the Slate.
The flood situation in the Mississippi Delta, above
Greenville had improved on the 1st instant, biitbeluw
that point a continued rise of the waters was reported.
In the Delta five counties are, for the most part, under
water, and the river is fifty miles wide at Rosedale,
Mississippi. It is estimated that three hundred towns
and cities are now under water.
A Memphis dispatch of the 4th instant says that the
four breaks in the Mississippi levees in the Delta are
"each letting in a stream as large as the Ohio River
at Cincinnati, or the Hudson at Albany." Wind and
rain yesterday intensified the danger to the towns pro-
tected by the levees.
A tornado which struck Chandler, Oklahoma, on
the 31st ult., deslroyed nearly every building in the
town. Fourteen persons were killed and a number of
Others injured.
Deaths in this city last week numbered 432, which
is 38 less than the previous week, and 3 more tlian the
corresponding week of 1896. Of the foregoing, 238
were males and 194 females: 78 died of pneumonia;
39 of consumption; 36 of heart disease; 24 of diph-
theria ; 14 of old age ; 14 of apoplexy ; 14 of marasmus;
12 of convulsions; 12of whooping cough ; llof cancer;
11 of inanition ; 10 of bronchitis, and 10 of Bright's
Markets, Ac— U. S. 2'8, 96 a 98 ; 4's, reg., 11 1 a 1 1 U ;
coupon, 112 a 112J; new 4'.s, 123J a 124J ; 5's, 114
a 114A ; currency 6's, 103 a 106.
Cotton was quiet but firm at an advance of y\;C. per
pound. Middling uplands officially quoted at Tijc.
Feed.— Spot bran ranged from $14.00 to $14.50 per
ton for winter in bulk, and $il3.o0 a $14.00 for spring
in sacks.
Flour. — Winter super, $2.50 a $2.75; do., extras,
$2.75 a $3.00; Pennsylvania roller, clear, $3.75 a $4.00;
do., do., straight, $4.00 a $4.25 ; Western winter, clear,
$3.75 a $4.00; do., do., straight, $4.10 a $4.30; do.,
do., patent, $4.35 a $4.50; spring, clear, $3.50 a $3.75 ;
do., straight, $3.80 a $4.00 ; do., patent, $4.00 a $4.25 ;
do., favorite brands, higher. City mills, extra, $2.80
$3.00; do., clear, $3.90 a $4.10: do., straight, $4.15
$4.30 ; do., patent, §4.40 a $4.60. Rye Flour.—
$2.25 a $2.40 per bbl. as to quality.
Grain.— No. 2 red wheat, 80| a Sic.
No. 2 mixed corn, 28J^ a 28Jc.
No. 3 white oats, 23} a 24c.
Beef Cattle.— Extra, 5J a bic; good, 4| a 5c.;
medium, 4| a 4|c.; common, 4^ a 4Jc.
Sheep and Lambs.— Extra, 5 a 5}c.; good, ii a 4|c.;
medium, 4 a 4Jc.; common, 3 a SJc; clipped sheep, 3 a
4Jc.; clipped Iambs, 4} a 5|c.; wool lambs, 5 a 6Jc
Hogs. — Best Western, 6 a 6|c.; other Western, 5J a
6c.; State, 5Jc.
Foreign.— Through the energy of a young New
Yorker, who spent most of the winter abroad working
up the idea, the London and Northwestern Railway,
of England, has finally consented to adopt the Ameri-
can svstem of checking baggage. Other roads have
also followed the suggestion. Hereafter all baggage
passing through Philadelphia from any point in the
United States may be checked through to almost any
point in Europe. The traveller who was formerly an-
noyed by being compelled to pick his trunks out of a
pile of baggage and then fee a porter to rescue them
for him, may now forget that he has trunks and find
them at his hotel.
In his new book on the " Ruined Cities of Ceylon,"
H. W. Cave says that the Ceylon of the three centuries
before the Christian era, and several centuries after
it, was a land of great wealth, of splendid cities, of
which, explored within the last few years are among
the wondeis of the world. In a single province of
Ceylon there are the remains, in various degrees of
preservation, of 5,000 tanks and reservoirs, which in
ihe times of the old Buddhist kings made the land a
fruitful garden.
The Ambassadors in Constantinople have drawn up
a broad scheme of autonomy for Crete, giving the As-
sembly power to choose a Governor, who must after-
ward be approved by the Sultan.
The Powers have ordered a pacific blockade of
Athens. The Powers have made representations at
Athens and Constantinople, whereby, it is hoped, the
maintaiuance of peace will be obtained. In case of a
conflict on the frontier, the aggressor will be held re-
sponsible for all the consequences of a disturbance of
the general peace, and, whatever the consequences of
the struggle, the Powers will not consent to the ag-
gressor deriving the smallest advantage therefrom.
On the 1st instant the blockade of (ireece had been
decided upon with the consent of all the Powers, and
will be enforced at an earlv date. This decision was
hastened by the action of Colonel Vassos, commander
of the Greek forces in Crete, in aiding the insurgents
to hostilities against the Powers.
The British steamer Maroa, which arrived at Ham-
burg, Third Month 31st, had on board four survivors
of the lost steamship ViUe de St. Nazaire, the captain,
chief engineer and two seamen. Their boat, containing
nine persons, drifted for six days. The other five oc-
cupants of the boat died from the eflects of drinking
sea water.
The entire Chilean Cabinet has resigned.
Both Houses of the Venezuelan Congress at Caracas,
on the 5th inst., unanimously ratified the treaty with
Great Britain for the arbitration of the Guiana bound-
ary dispute.
A New Jersey corre.spondent discredits a state-
ment in the "Summary" of Third Month 20th, last,
respecting the poultry farm of Isaac C. Wilbur, of
Little Comptou, R. I. Our friend incorrectly assumes
that the 150,000 dozen eggs per year shipped were laid
by the 4,000 hens of the poultry farm, which would
be " 420 eggs for each fowl per year." Isaac C- Wil-
bur writes, " The article . . is quite correct, and
in no way taxes the credulity of the reader. We have
about 4,000 hens kept in (me hundred houses, and we
handle of our own and our neighbors' production, about
150,000 dozen of eggs yearly."
Railroads of New Jersey Division, W^est Jersey Rail-
road, and Philadelphia, Wilmington and Baltimore
Railroad Company, on any day from Fourth Month
13th to 23rd, inclusive, and make the return coupoc
good until Fourth Month 27th, inclusive, 1897.
The Baltimore and Ohio Company, and the Phila
delphia and Reading Railroads have kindly oflfered
Friends the same rates and for the same dates as abov(
specified.
Application should be made either personally or bjj
mail, to Joseph Hall, 304 Arch Street, Philadelphia '
or to Thomas C. Hogue, West Chester, Pa., for order;
on the Ticket Agents — one of which must be deliverei
to the Agent whenever a ticket is obtained. Thesf ,
orders inform the Ticket Agent at whatever statioi
they are presented on the above railroads, that thf
bearer is entitled to a ticket to Philadelphia, and re
turn, at the above rate of two cents per mile trav
elled. If a Friend in each neighborhood would as
certain the number of card orders likely to be needed
and obtain them, and distribute among Friends, i
would make less woik for those having the care o
them. When they are to be forwarded by mail ;
two-cent stamp should be sent to pay the postage.
Note. — Tickets issued on this order will not be goot
to slop off at way stations, going or returning.
Westtown Boarding School. — Applications foi
the admission of pupils to the school, and letters ir
regard to instruction and discipline should be ad
dressed to William F. Wickersham, Principal.
Payments on account of board and tuition, anc
communications in regard to business should be for
warded to Edward G. Smedley, Superintendent.
Address, Westtown P. O., Chester Co., Pa.
A young woman Friend, college education, severa
years experience in teaching and general care of chil
dren, would like such a position out of town or goinj
away with a family for summer. Address " S,"
Office of The Friend.
Friends attending the Y'early Meeting can be fur
nished with meals, both before and after the sitting
of the meeting, as heretofore, at moderate charge (1/
cents), in the second story of the central part of th(
Arch Street Meeting House. Meals will also be fur
nished for those attending the Meeting for SufTeringi
and the Select Meeting the previous week.
NOTICES.
Reduced Ratesto Philadelphia Yearly Meet-
ing.— The usual arrangements have been made with
the Pennsylvania R. R. Company, by which Friends
attending ourapproaching Yearly Meeting can obtain
excursion tickets to Philadelphia and return, from
any station on the following railroads, at the rate of
two cents per mile travelled, going and returning; ex-
cept that no such tickets will be issued at a less rate
than 25 cents, viz : Pennsylvania Railroad (main line).
as far west as Pittsburgh, Philadelphia and Ei
road Division, Northern Central Railway, United
Westtown Boarding School. — For t
of persons coming to Westtown School, the stage wil
meet trains leaving Philadelphia 7.17 and 8.46 A. M
and 2.53 and 4.32 p. M. Other trains are met whei
requested. Stage fare on regular trips, fifteen cents
on special trips, twenty-five cents each way. To read
the school by telegraph, wire West Chester Phone 85
Edward G. Smedley, Sup't.
Died, on the twentieth of Third Month, 1897, at hi
home, Tacoma, Ohio, J. Lindley Stanto.v, son o
William and Jane D. Stanton, in the twentieth yea
of his age; a member of Stillwater Monthly Meetini-
of Friends.
, Second Month 22nd, 1897, Mary A. Chai
pell, a Minister of North Carolina Yearly Meetin;
and Piney Woods Monthly Meeting of Friends, in th
sixty-eighth year of her age. Her bright example am'
consistent daily walk was a proof of her desire t
follow her Master wherever He was pleased to leac
She visited Philadelphia Yearly Meeting in 1896 fo
the last time. Her illness of only five days was on
of patient suffering, soothed by her relatives an'
friends' attendance. On the third day of her illnes
she remarked to her only daughter, by her side, tha
"she had looked around to see if there was anythin
in her way, and all was clear." On the same day sh
said, " If the Lord wills, I should like to be spared t
my family a little longer, but if this is to be my las
illness, thy will, O Lord, and not mine, be done," sh
soon fell asleep, and, we believe, awoke with Jesus.
, on Second Month 8th, 1897, at the residenc
of her father, John Benington, Media, Pa., Rache
B. Price, widow of Daniel B. Price, in the sixty-6ft
year of her age, a Minister and member of Fall
Monthly Meeting of Friends, Bucks County, Penni
" Blessed are they that do his commandments, tha
they may have right to the tree of life, and may entc
in through the gates into the city" (Rev. xxii: 14).
WILLIAM H. PILE'S SONS, PRINTERS,
No. 42'2 Walnut Street.
THE FRIEND.
A Religions and Literary Journal.
VOL. LXX.
SEVENTH-DAY, FOURTH MONTH 17, 1897.
No. 39.
PUBLISHED WEEKLY.
Price, if paid in advance, $2.00 per annum.
Subicriptiona, payments and business communications
received by
Edwin P. Sellew, Pdblisher,
No. 207 Walnut Place,
(Soutlifrom Walnut Street, between Third and Fourth,)
PHILADELPHIA.
Articles designed for insertion to be addressed t
JOSEPH WALTON,
MOOBESTOWN, BUKUNGTON Co., N. J.
Entered as second-class matter at Philadelphia P. O.
iary and Letters of Deborah Brooks Webb.
(Continued from page 29.S.)
! 1887. — Her sufferings from rheumatism and
;her infirmities so much reduced her, that her
riends thought it unlikely she would ever again
le able for much active service, but in this as
;i all else, she endeavored to bow to the Divine
,111, saying to a ministering friend who visited
er, " If my Heavenly Father has any service
)T me, He knows I am here." Her health,
Dntrary to exi^ectation, improved so much that
16 was able to attend meetings and go out
mong her friends. She remained quietly wait-
ig, feeling there would be some service to
3nder for the Master, but not seeing what or
here it was to be. Early one morning she had
dream that she was in a large room, with
le windows open on every side, to use her own
luguage, " through which came sounds of pro-
ine swearing." She awoke with the words in
er ear, " Will no one speak a word for my
laster ?" She lay very still, when a whole
eld of labor opened before her to visit in Gos-
el love one hundred families of every class,
ondition and color around and within a few
liles of her own home. Of this visit she writes
a her diary : " In the Twelfth Month of this
ear (1887), I laid before the Monthly Meeting
concern to visit one hundred families in and
round Parkerville. Friends united with it, but
eared my weak condition. Our dear J. C. came
0 go round with me some, she being an elder,
."■hen our own friends went with me by turns,
■ery kindly, as my companions.
" We have reached the number of ninety fami-
iea, and it is wonderful how kindly we have
leen received. The dear Master did indeed
eem to go before, and now, if God, whose king-
lom we have tried to elevate in the hearts of
he people, would only press home the truths
ind give the increase. The kingdom is his, the
jower is his, and the glory all his forever."
In reference to this visit she wrote to her
riend R. S. A., under date of Twelfth Month
I5th, 1887 : " Thou may not have heard of the
yeighty work in which I am engaged, being
Jersuaded that the dear Master called to it,
lumbly hoping that He will indeed go before
ne and open the hearts of the visited ; to visit
ivery family in and around Parkerville, dis
tribute tracts, and wait upon the Lord with
them to the number of one hundred.
" We have accomplished eighteen visits now,
and are resting awhile until after New Year's.
Oh, my dear, 1 feel so weak for it, sometimes.
They have received us very kindly so far, but
in the future they may not be so willing. It is
such an unusual requiring, but the upholding
Power has seemed with us."
In the same letter she says, " My only brother
has been laiil to rest, rejoicing in the hope of
the righteous. So we are gathered, one by one,
and if we keep the holy oil burning on the altar
of our hearts, the Heavenly Watcher will not
find us unprepared."
1888.— Third Month 18th.— She writes in her
diary : " One week ago we went to meeting, but
it rained in the afternoon, and the five visits
iutended were not accomplished. On Second-
day morning, the twelfth, we wakened with the
ground covered with snow, the wind blowing
hard, and drifting. The sun shone brightly, but
the air was full of whirling snow all day. The
thirteenth was cloudy and air full of snow blown
about — a real cold Western blizzard. On the
fourteenth it rained considerably more, and the
wind blew, the roads were drifted full. We
could not go to meeting on Fifth-day.
" Our dear Amy Sharpless, an elder of London
Grove, died on First-day; the fuueral to have
taken place on Fourth-day, but deferred until
Si.xth-day. I could not then go, the roads al-
most impassable. She was a dear mother in
our Israel.
" To-day (the eighteenth), we started to meet-
ing, but did not proceed more than threeequares,
it was so rough and dangerous. We turned
into a field and went home thankful to return
without broken limbs for the horse or a broken
carriage."
Alluding to this service she writes to a friend
Fourth Month 8th, 1888 : " Three visits this af-
ternoon, in all which the dear Master was as
good as his word. At one place there were four-
teen present; others came in, and I felt almost
frightened, but was helped along to my hum-
bling admiration, and they expressed much sat-
isfaction. So dear, I am almost through — one
sick woman at Locust Grove, two more some-
time, then it will be the one hundred.
" Thou will rejoice with those that do rejoice,
I know."
In her diary she writes Seventh Month 1st,
1888: "The family visits referred to in the last
entry were put off on account of almost im-
passable roads, and the storms, fjr near two
months. At last, all the one hundred visits
were accomplished to my joy and rejoicing and
much peace. The minute was returned in the
Fifth Month.
" Rheumatism again returned with much suf-
fering. We went to the city Yearly Meeting
week, but ray health gave out, and I could not
attend after Second-day."
In a letter to a friend dated Sixth Month
10th, 1889, she says: " My health has been too
frail of late to do much work from home, and
ray spirit shrinks also, and almost fears to let
any thoughts come. But in the dear loving
Master's own time He can make his own will
clear as day. He has been so good to me :
never failed yet, and I fii'mly trust never will.
Sometimes I tliink I am just ri[)ening for the
good country, and He gives me a little resting
spell to set ray house in order. I asked Him
for it, for there were some things needed doing
that crippled hands could not accomplish. . . .
I wanted to tell you how good I felt the Lord
was to me during Yearl}' Meeting week, to come
and meet me half way in a heavy exerci.se
which had been with me for about two years.
He was indeed to be thanked and praised for
helping ray shrinking mind, and so unexpect-
edly, tuo. There and then He gave me to feel
that I could lay it down safely and others could
take the work."
1890.— First Month .5th.— I see the whole
year has passed without one entry in this jour-
nal. It has been a year of suffering and weak-
ness, mostly from rheumatism. Mercy has en-
compassed ray path. Two years since the Yearly
Meeting appointed a committee to visit all our
meetings, also to appoint some. The Yearly
Meeting also appointed some Friends to co-op-
erate ; my name was mentioned, but my health
has been too frail to do much. An indulged
meeting has been established at Kennet Square,
and we feel encouraged to look towards build-
ing a meeting-house for them. If we could only
see some young people under the mighty power
of the Lord! How He leads into self denial
and humiliation awhile, that He may reign. I
never expected to live to see 1890, but feel re-
signed to the Lord's will.
"Mv life, if Thou preservest my life,
Thy sacrifice shall be;
And death, if death shall be ray doom.
Shall join my soul to Thee."
The past year has been one of great rain-
storms and cyclones, and the city of Johnstown
was almost completely flooded out by the break-
ing of a dam. From five to ten thousand people
perished in one hour. This winter until now
has been very open and mild, wild flowers
blooming in Twelfth Month. Some peach or-
chards in New Jersey blooming.
On Fourth Month 6th, 1890, she writes to
her friend, R. S. A. — " This is the anniversary
of my dear Stephen's departure six years ago.
I did not think to live so long without him. I
hoped my time would be short, but the great I
Am knows why He keeps me here. I feel of no
use scarcely, yet am willing to do what He shows
me is the Divine will, I think. ' He knoweth our
frame, and remembereth that we are dust.' My
health is so frail, so precarious, but we get to
meetings mostly, and I seem stronger. We
mean to go into Yearly Meeting if nothing
happens, and be ready for the Select Meeting
on the nineteenth. . . Oh, that we may have a
good, heavenly time altogether, the dear Master
blessing us with his presence and giving wisdom.
How sweet it will be to sit by thy side and in
travail of spirit.
306
THE FRIEND.
Fourth Mo. 17, 18
" The men's Yearly Meeting will miss Joseph
Scattergood so much. A bright and a shining
light he has been through the Master's power
shining in Him. INIay the same blessing come
upon G. and H., the Master's light shining
through. We need not take care upon our-
selves, but just run to our Lord, beseeching
Him to undertake all, all for us. It is wonder-
ful how He works for and in us, when we just
give up ourselves to be nothing, nothing ! Then
He arises in his great power and carries us on
with a mighty hand and keeps us low.
" Thou asks if there is any apparent growth
in our meeting? I do not know that there is.
Several come in from other meetings on First-
day mornings, but not all of our own members,
sickness or something prevents. Our meetings
are deep and sweet, though small, and I believe
there is a growth in the pure life in God and
the dear Saviour. Our mid-week meetings are
exceedingly small. The Master knows what
He is doing — all power is with Him; we only
serve. What awful and striking warnings we
have in the visitation of death and destruction.
Oh, that the inhabitants may learn righteous
ness."
Seventh Month 20th.— On the afternoon of
Sixth Month 1st was held an appointed meet
ing at Red Lion, in the hotel parlors. It was
large and good. My dear friends, F. H., D. E.
C. and T. W. helped me. The meeting had
been on my spirit for a long time, and I seemed
to fear to ask for it, and yet feared to desist.
It ended well, and I am so thankful.
" Thomas Scattergood while in England, held
meetings sometimes in au inn, and one in a
"playhouse." This strengthened my faith. The
Yearly Meetings Committee was released in the
Fourth Month, but this meeting was provided
for beforehand. The Committee were industri-
ous, many appointed meetings were held, two at
Parkerville on First-day afternoons, well at-
tended."
The last entry in her diary is First Month
1st, 1891.— "The holiday season is now passed.
It has brought many presents from dear friends
and kind remembrances. Much good cheer came
from this dear family, and my dear elderly
friend Mary W. Bacon and her daughters, with
Judge Gordon's wife, added much to the gifts.
I feel very thankful, but want, oh, so much, to
go to my heavenly home."
In a letter to her friend R. S., and dated
Sixth Mo. 23rd, 1891, she writes : " The Kennet
Square Committee proposed to the Quarter a
new meeting-house for that place, but it was
thought best to wait, so we do not know. They
have an indulged meeting over a store; from
about twenty to thirty usually attend, very few
older Friends."
(To be continued.)
If you are in earnest. — Are you looking
for some opportunity of doing good? If you
are, take to heart these words of William Bur-
leigh's: " There never was a day that did not
bring its own opportunity for doing good that
never could have been done before, and never
can be again."
These are true words. You can prove them
if you will. It is often true that those who talk
most about wanting to do good " if they could"
have no i)erception of the opportunities given
them every day of their lives. The real worker
in Christ's earthly kingdom does not wait for
oj)portunities; he creates them. If you are in
earnest, you will never be idle for lack of op-
portunity.— The Standard.
A Brief Memoir of the Life of Aaron K. Owen.
BY ONE OF HIS CHILDREN.
It is not merely from feelings of filial affec-
tion or a desire to perpetuate the memory of a
beloved parent, that the writer is induced to
pen the following lines exemplifying somewhat
the life and character of one who has long since
passed from works to rewards, but rather to
discharge an apprehended duty by endeavoring
in this way, as ability is afforded, to illustrate
the power and efficacy of Divine Grace in effec-
tually changing the heart of man.
Aaron K. Owen was the youngest of a family
often children, and was born near Middletown,
Orange County, New York, the tenth of the
Fifth Month, 1794, of parents who possessed by
nature, as I have understood, some noble traits
of character, but who had no name to religion,
and by whom he was never subjected to much
of even ordinary parental restraint, but was
allowed from a cliild very much to follow his
own inclination. When about ten years of ag(
with his parents he removed to Tompkins Conn
ty, where, the country being new, and many of
the inhabitants being of the rougher surt, he
was exposed to almost every temptation that
such circumstances would admit of, and his
being preserved from gross evils is cause for
admiration, and can hardly be attributed to any
other than the unseen hand of Providence.
The period of life usually thought most fa-
vorable for the acquisition of literary knowl-
edge was passed with but a very limited oppor-
tunity for improvement, but the first essentials
of an education being combined with a good
natural capacity, tended to make this deficiency
less apparent, particularly when a little later
in life every natural and acquired endowment
was brought under the qualifying influence of
the Holy Spirit.
During the excitement that prevailed at the
time of the last war between this country and
Great Britain, he united himself with a troop
of volunteer cavalry, and a little after the mid
die of the year 1812 joined the army then sta
tioned on the Niagara River, near Lewis'on,
where he remained about four months. The
company to which he belonged were not how-
ever in that time called into action, and when
narrating to his children the scenes of his sol-
dier life, it was usual for him to acknowledge
this circumstance as a particular favor because
it furnished him with a certainty that he had
been preserved from his unhallowed purpose of
destroying his fellow-men, which, although at
that time he supposed to be a duty, would have
caused grievous reflections when, through mer-
cy, his mind became so enlightened as to see
the sinfulness of war, and in degree became
sensible of how fearful a thing it is for rational,
accountable beings to hurry one another out of
time and beyond the possibility of any further
opportunity of repentance, tor, in the language
of Scripture, " There is no work, nor device,
nor knowledge, nor wisdom, in the grave."
He was not at the time, however, affected by
considerations of this kind, for the better even
of his natural feelings were so blinded by mar-
tial ardor, that like his companions he thought
nothing more desirable than an engagement
with the opposing army. This anxiety, accord-
ing to his own account, was abated by the oc-
currence of the battle of Queenston, which he
witnessed, and the effect produced by being
surrounded with such an accumulation of sufl^er-
ings, a small proportion of which in civil life
would be expected to grouse the sympathies of
the most unfeeling, tended to make hisdischar
from Government service more acceptable, ai
awakened sensations of horror for the practic
of war, which were never obliterated, and whi
doubtless were favorable to the eventual rece
tion of the principles of peace.
Soon after his return home he lost a youi
wife, to whom he had been married less than
year, and the day following her decease 1
mother also died, but these sudden bereavemen
as is often observable in others under simil
circumstances, appear not to have made ai
lasting impression on his mind. Those wl
knew him well at this period described him
a young man much given to pleasure, spendii
his leisure time in the eager pursuit of youthf
pastimes and amusements, being, we may co
elude, not unlike the character addressed 1
the sacred penman in this startling text, "E
joice, O young man, in thy youth, and let tl
heart cheer thee in the days of thy youth, ai
walk in the ways of thine heart, and in tl
sight of thine eyes, but know thou that for a
these things God will bring thee into judgment
By his second marriage he became connect!
with a family the heads of which were consi;
ent, exemplary Friends, but their good exai
pie seems not to have had at that time ai
marked influence upon him, and, although pe
haps not intentionally disrespectful to them (
others of the Society whom circumstances o
casioned his acquaintance with, yet he was di
posed to ridicule their Christian testimoui
and particularly their manner of worship, ar
though he occasionally gave them his compai:
when assembled forth at purpose, it was es
dently without any desire or expectation of r
ceiving benefit therefrom.
The foregoing delineation of his early histor
though short, probably includes all of muc
general interest appertaining to the period i
which, to use Apostolic language, he wrougl
the will of the Gentiles, being like all the hi
man family while in the state of fallen uni
generate nature, "An alien from the eomraoi
wealth of Israel and a stranger from the cov
nants of promise." How sensible he may ba\
been at seasons during this time of his need i
a Saviour, how strong his convictions for sii
or what offers of Divine love he may ha\
slighted, we cannot know, for he has left t
record of his experience of the Lord's dealinj
with his soul, and while living, rarely more tha
adverted to his present or former religious ej
ercises, doubtless being sensible of the dang(
of giving to others what was designed for h
own instruction, whereby many have wounde
their own spirits, and some, by continuing th'
practice, have evidently sustained serious los
this differing much from that Gospel freedoi
which the humble believer enjoys, while he
careful to keep within the pure limitations <
Truth, which will preserve out of all extremi
while it hinders none from whatever servic
they are designed for in the militant church.
"Though childhood and youth had thus bee
passed in much apparent forgetfulness of Go(
yet it now pleased the Lord to favor him wit
a remarkable visitation of his love, and by th
preaching of one of his Gospel messengers, s ,
fully to awaken him to a sense of his conditio,
that he was brought to a humble, contrite stat
of mind, truly resembling that of a little chile
which condition we have the highest authorit
for believing, is necessary for us all to hav
some knowledge of in ourselves, "Except y
be converted and become as little children, y
shall not enter into the kingdom of Heaven.
■ourth Mo. 17, 1897
THE FRIEND.
o07
The Frieud who was made instrumeutal iu
lis cou version (Thomas EIHsoq) was travelling
.hrough this part of the country in his Master's
ervice, and passed along on his journey, it is
)elieved, without knowing, perhaps he never
;new, that his Gospel message in this instance
vas of such singular service to one so unlikely
• u appearance to receive it; but however that
nay have been it matters not, for he undoubt-
dly received proportionate to his faithfulness
he reward of soul-satisfying peace.
Our Saviour instructed the Seventy whom
■le had sent forth to rejoice not that the spirits
vere made subject unto them but rather to re-
oice that their names were written in Heaven,
i,nd this caution to his immediate disciples in
hat day remains a lively admonition to his
bllowers in every age. That Almighty Power
vhich works immediately or instrumentally
■.ccording to the will of God, and which had
IS we have seen " By the foolishness of preach-
ng" made deep impressions upon a mind before
iverae to seriousness, effecting in his heart the
irst day's work in the new creation in Christ
fesus, this same power, as he submitted to its
laptiziug, heart-changing influence and became
villing to be instructed by it, proved all-sufli-
nent to guide him into the narrow way of the
TOSS. The state of self-abasement before nien-
ioned continuing, he became sensible from time
0 time, according to his spiritual strength, what
he good and acceptable and perfect will of the
liord concerning him was, and found by esperi-
mce that Zion's children must indeed know judg-
neat to pass upon everything that the Lord by
lis Holy Spirit in their hearts has a controversy
vith.
The work of regeneration, which is usually
ibserved to be a gradual work, steadily pro-
gressed, of which the increasing solidity of his
jutward deportment gave evidence.
(To be concluded.)
i Letter From Germany.
I \ Every one is so busy and full of preparations
I'or the end of the term. About six of the women
itudents passed their examination yesterday, and
IS Fraulein Oltmanus lives here, of course we
■vere all quite excited, too. She, however, does
iiot pass until next year, but she was so inter-
isted in those who did, that it was quite conta-
gious. They all came through very well, and
iast evening they had a social gathering. Then
-hree of the most popular professors leave the
University this spring, and that has caused a
jreat deal of demonstration among the students
)f both sexes. Last Fourth day, M. Mercier,
.he French professor, gave a farewell address,
13 the last of his popular course of lectures. The
^all was crowded to overflowing. The address
was half amusing, half pathetic. He gave his
.mpressions of the manners, customs, etc., of the
jrermans in so tactful a way that the audience
ivas again and again convulsed with laughter
it their own peculiarities— but before the close
^uite a number were shedding tears. He is most
Jniversally beloved, and every one regrets so
much that he is going to leave. He has been
bere about six years, though he is still scarcely
thirty-two. Third-day he comes to me for the
last time. I, too, am sorry that the work is
Jver, I have enjoyed it and learned so much.
All the other professors have closed their courses
already. He gives two more next week, but
they are mainly readings, and nothing very
weighty.
I am sure that all will go well, for it does
seem to be the right thing. Everything has
turned up of itself, and I seem to be only fol-
l<jwing the lead of an invisible Hand. I trust,
indeed, that this may be the case, and that all
may come out well.
I have already engaged passage for the twenty -
fifth of Eighth Month, from Hamburg. It seem-
ed to uij that was the date we should sail. If
anything should turn up otherwise, I could
easily get the dute changed, bat when I return
it will be too late to engage the room, and I
prefer attending to the matter personally rather
than trusting to a letter.
I received a letter, or card, rather, from Min-
nie Davis, from Leipzig, and to day a letter
from her and her mother, in answer to the card
with which I had immediately replied. They
had just heard of ray being here.
I have decided to go second clasj all the way
to Paris. In France third-class is not respect-
able— that is, it would be out of the question to
travel that way alone and at night. But in Ger-
many, because there is still a fourth-class, nice,
respectable people go constantly third — at least
for short distances. But from here to Cologne
the entire day, and then, on top of that, all
night, will be rather too much, and the differ-
ence in price is not very great.
I did not tell thee that all the different pro-
fessors that I have heard this winter have given
me certificates simply that I have attended their
lectures, of course. But they may be of use to
me some time, and it is better to have something
real to show, than only to be able to say that I
have attended the University.
Will thee please have The Friend sent to
me in Switzerland, after the first of Fourth
Month, until the middle of the Sixth Month,
and then again sent here? I don't want to miss
them this time. E. S. K.
Visit to Florida.
In these days of frecjuent travel, a trip to
Florida is not an entire novelty ; yet as the same
scenes are often viewed in a very different light
by dift'erent persons, perhaps a narration of our
experiences may prove of interest.
It was a bright Second-day afternoon in the
First Month, when, all preliminaries having
been arranged, my wife and I reached Xew
York, and went on board the Clyde steamer
Comanche, bound for Jacksonville, Florida.
Although the vessels of this line leave three
times a week, there is almost as much bustle
and excitement attending their departure as
that of a transatlantic liner. At length, how-
ever, the time to leave arrived, and we passed
swiftly down the harbor and out to sea.
The ocean was very quiet, so that with a good
comfortable steamer and pleasaut acquaintances,
the novelty of this mode of life was thoroughlv
enjoyed. On Fourth-day morning we reached
Charleston, and had an opportunity of looking
for a few hours upon this typical Southern city ;
the large number of colored persons to be seen
made us realize that we were really in the
South.
Charleston bears evidence of former material
prosperity, but has not recovered as much as
some places from the effects of the Civil War;
the earthquake in 1886, was also a disturbing
element, as many people feared to live there
longer on that account. The Episcopalian
place -of worship, "St. Michael's Church," is
one of their interesting places; built in 1761,
it has survived the Revolutionary and Civil
Wars, but was almost destroyed by the earth-
quake. The visitor is shown the pew in which
Washington sat in 1797, and Robert E. Lee,
in 181)2; and from the historic tower a fine
view of the city can be had.
Many of the old residences have their gable
ends to the street, and high brick walls protect
the inmates of the houses and gardens from
the obtrusive gaze of the passers by; the front
door opening onto the end of the porch within.
A night's run of the steamer brought us to
Jacksonville, the metropolis and commercial
centre of Florida. The city is on the north
bank of the St. .John's River, twenty-five miles
from the ocean. It is a bright bu.sy town, hav-
ing the aspect of a northern place; indeed,
most of the inhabitants have come either from
the north or west since the war. As there was
comparatively little to see here we did not tarry
long, but took train for Ocala, an interior town
one hundred miles southwest of .Jacksonville.
The first impressions of Florida are not par-
ticularly agreeable; for miles and miles the
trains runs through a flat sandy country, often
swampy, sometimes covered with pine forests,
and even where cleared the land does not look
particularly productive. Occa.sionally we halted
at a hamlet with a pretentious name, with but
two or three one-story houses in sight, and the
usual station loungers out in force; only here
one-half or two-thirds of them were colored.
Once or twice our train stopped at a siding in
the woods, where the pile of pitch pine for the
engine was renewed, for as there is no cial in
Florida and plenty of wood, the latter is used
everywhere. With all the discouraging things
mentioned above, when the sun shines Florida
is certainly a very pleasant place, if one desires
to escape the rigor of our northern winters; the
thermometer rarely goes below forty, and life
in the open air is a privilege that can be en-
joyed almost uninterruptedly.
Ocala is a thriving town — for Florida — and
the centre of considerable trade. Up to two
years ago it was one of the principal shipping
points for oranges, but an unprecedentedly cold
snap killed all the trees in tliis neighborhood,
occasioning much loss to the growers, who had
all their means invested in this industry. Many
of them fearing a repetition of the cold, are
endeavoring to turn their attention to other
things which will not be so easily afl^'ected.
We spent two very pleasaut weeks in Ocala.
Through the medium of a business acquaintance,
who is an old resident of the place, we were
kindly shown everything of interest, and put
in the way of enjoying ourselves thoroughly.
It is a clean town, well laid out, with good
space between the houses, and beautiful shade
trees, many of which are covered with the Span-
ish gray moss. This moss is not particularly
attractive of itself, but when taken in combi-
nation with a towering live oak, or along a
quiet road where the branches of the trees meet,
the effect is very fine but hard to describe. It
must be seen to be appreciated.
We were much interested in the manner of
life of the people, and perhaps had a good op-
portunity to observe it. The houses, as a rule,
have no cellars, but are built upon low founda-
tions. They are seldom over one and a-half
or two-stories high, generally of frame, and
built in what we would consider a very open
style, as the people have practically no cold to
contend with. They heat the houses by means
of open fire-places, or small wood stoves, and
they are much inconvenienced when the ther-
mometer falls below thirty degrees, as it did
once while we were there.
The stores generally have their doors open,
but when such, for them, extreme cold weather
308
THE FRIEND.
Fourth Mo. 17, 18
comes, they are compelled to close them ; and
for fear the public will think they are uot
ready for business, they put up, at such times
igu saying, open, come in.
How ive can
keep warm in, what seems to thera, our arctic
temperature, many of these people can hardly
understand. We were also naturally interested
in the relations of the colored people and the
whiles, and while there appears to be a feeling
of kindness and tolerance, yet the constant
effort of the whites is to keep the colored in
what they consider their proper place, and
social lines are very tightly drawn, even to
having separate waiting rooms at the stations
and separate cars on the railroads. Notwith-
standing this, the colored people have equal
educational advantages with the whites, their
public schools being supported by the State,
and teachers of their own race instructed in
Normal schools of equal efficiency with the ones
for the whites. The little opportunity I had
for observation led to the conclusion that the
race prejudice is equally strong in each section
of the country, but that it is developed along
diflerent lines.
At Silver Spring, a few miles east of Ocala,
is a wonderful freak of nature. A subterra-
nean river — supposed to have its source in the
mountains of Georgia — comes suddenly to the
surface in an oblong basin si.K hundred feet
across, and from sixty to eighty feet deep. The
bottom is mostly a limestone formation, the
water of a slightly greenish tinge, but as clear
as crystal, and objects at the bottom can be
discerned with wonderful exactness, so that it
hardly seems possible the pool can be so deep.
From this spring a small steamer runs via the
Ocklawaha River, to Palatka, and the trip is a
very novel and interesting one. We left Silver
Spring at two P. M., and for the next hour and
a-half steamed along the creek or run which
flows away from this wonderful pool. It seemed
like floating along through liquid glass ; as we
could clearly see the fishes, turtles, etc., moving
away from the boat, and the grasses waving in
the bottom of the stream.
tTo be concluded.)
Will You Decide To-day?
When Antiochus Epiphanes, the godless king
of Syria, made war upon the Egyptian king
Ptolemy Philometer, and penetrated as far as
Jlemphisandbesieged Alexandria, B.C., 169, the
Roman Ambassador Popillius I.ienas brought
him orders from Rome to raise the siege at
once. Antiochus hesitated, temporized, and
wished time to consult his friends in the matter ;
but Popillius took his staff and drew a circle
around Antiochus in the sand, and bade him
decide the matter before he went out of that
circle. The Syrian king did uot dare to diso-
bey the voice of Rome. He raised the siege
and went his way to other fields.
There are times when men need to be brought
to an instant decision concerning the things
which concern our peace. In fact, we are decid-
ing every day, whether we know it or not. God
calls man to repent, and He calls him to repent
" to-day." If man defers, he refuses. If he
says to-morrow, or next month, or next year,
he is making promises which he is not certain
of fulfilling; he is undertaking to do what is
entirely out of his power; he is not merely
offering to do what the Lord has never asked
him to do, but he is simply refusing to do what
God requires of him. The Lord asks no man
to repent to-morrow, or next week, or next
year. His only call to man to repent is to-day.
"Today if ye will hear his voice, harden not
you hearts." For a man to say he will repent
to-morrow is to say that he will not repent to-
day. The Lord has never asked him to repent
to-morrow, but "he now commaudeth all men
everywhere to repent." Just here and just
now is the time and the only time that the Lord
commands, invites and requires us to repent
and obey Him. If we refuse to repent today
we distinctly and definitely disobey God. If
we offer to repent to-morrow we simply insult
Him who commands us to repent today.
Around the very spot where we stand, around
the present moment, the Lord strikes the circle
that bounds our opportunity and summons us
to instant, unconditional, unqualified surrender.
Just here — this very moment — God " now com-
maudeth all men everywhere to repent." And
the decision must be made this veiy hour. If
we decide to obey the call it is well. If we
decide to disobey it we do it at our peril. But
one of the two things we must do. Hesitation
is disobedience. Postponement is disobedience.
Neglect is disobedience. Making excuses is
disobedience. There is just one of two things
to do— obey the command, or else refuse God's
call and take the consequences. We have
nothing to do with future opportunities. We
have nothing to do with making promises for
time to come. Just here we must meet the
Divine demands, or else we must take the risks
and consequences of neglect.
My unsaved reader, what is your decision
concerning this matter? Time is passing ; the
moments are Hying. The circle of opportunity
is drawn around your feet, and you must make
your decision, willingly or unwillingly. You
must decide what to do. Yielding is deciding,
refusing is deciding, but neglecting is also mak-
ing a decision, and one which will stand on
record in the presence of God. Now, in this
present, precious, fleeting hour, you must make
the decision which may perhaps settle your
destiny for all eternity.
If you are to be saved at all you must be
saved by the Lord. If you are to be saved by
the Lord you must be saved in the Lord's way
and in the Lord's time. You are not to ex-
pect the King of glory to wait your conveni-
ence. You are not the central being of the
universe. When Queen Victoria " commands"
the attendance of any artist, singer or person-
age, her majesty's commands cancel every pre-
vious engagement. Earthly monarchs demand
obedience. You would not think of asking a
king or an emperor to await your time, and
conform to your convenience. You would ex-
pect to be ready when he calls you, and make
everything wait upon his convenience. And
now while God invites you, while heaven bends
in mercy above you, while all blessings are
offered in your behalf and for your acceptance,
why will you halt, and linger and hesitate, till
the opportunity is gone, till the harvest is past,
the summer is ended, and you are not saved?
To-day if you will hear his voice— if you ever
intend to listen to his call — to-day harden not
your hearts. Let the voice of God sound
through your souls, and let your answer come
prompt, and glad, and free, " I delight to do
thy will, O my God." — Selected.
David's crime was sternly rebuked and
sorely punished, but still his life, in its main
drift and outline, could be presented as a pat-
tern, as being marked by integrity of heart.
The moon shines like a disk of silver, though
ils surface is pitted with extinct volcanoes.
Selected for "The Friend."
FATHER, TAKE MY HAND."
'The wav is dark, my Fattier; cloud un cloud
Is gathering thiclilv o'er uiy head, aud loud
Tlie thunders roar above me. See, I stand
Like one bewildered. Father, take my hand.
And through ihe gloom
Lead safely home
Thy child.
'The day goes fast, my Father; aud the night
Is drawing darkly down ; my faithless sight,
: Sees ghostly visions. Fears, a spectral band.
Encompass me, O Father ; take my hand,
And from the night
Lead up to light
Thy child.
" The way is long, my Father ; and my soul
Longs for the rest and quiet of the goal ;
While yet I journey through this weary land,
Keep me from wandering. Father, take my hant
Quickly and straight
Lead to heaven's gate
Thy child.
" The path is rough, my Father. Many a thorn
Has pierced me ; and my weary feet, all torn
And bleeding mark the way ; yet thy command
Bids me press forward. Father, take my hand ;
Then safe and blest,
Lead up to rest
Thy child.
" The throng is great, my Father. Many a doubt
And fear and danger compass me about ;
And foes oppress me sore. I cannot stand
Or go alone. O Father ; take my hand
And through the throng
Lead safe along
Thy child.
" The cross is heavy Faiher; I have borne
It long and still do bear it. Let my worn
And fainting spirit rise to that blest land
Where crowns are given. Father, take my hand,
And, reaching down
Lead to the crown
Thy child."
MY ENEMY.
BY ELIZA CALVERT HALL.
I have an enemy. And shall he be
A useless thorn to vex and worry me?
A dominant discord in life's perfect strain,
Marring my dreams, turning my joy to pain.
Molding my life to his malicious whim?
Shall he be lord of me, or I of him ?
A bitter stream may turn the mill wheel round;
A thorny tree may burn to heat and light ;
And out of shameful wrong may spring the flower i
Of perfect right.
So from my enemy I may demand
A priceless tribute of perpetual good ;
And lead him captive at my chariot wheels.
In royal mood.
Because my enemy hath cunning ears.
That listen hourly for my idle speech.
My words shall flow in wise and measured way
Beyond his carping reach.
Because my enemy has eyes that watch
With sleepless malice while I come and go.
My days shall own no act I would not wish
The world to know.
Because my enemy doth hourly wield
Some subtle snare to trip me every day.
My feet shall never for one moment leave
The straight and narrow way.
Because my enemy doth hate me sore,
I fix my gaze beyond him and above,
And lift, as shield to all his fiery darts,
A heart of love.
And of my enemy I thus shall make
A beacon light to light me to my goal —
A faithful guardian of my house of life —
A spur and whip to urge my laggard soul ;
And though our strife may never have an end,
I yet might call this enemy my friend.
'ourth Mo. 17, 1897
THE FRIEND.
309
Salvation in its Gospel Aspect.
The unsoundness of principle, which aliout
bis time (1800) was distressingly evinced by
uauy who had filled conspicuous stations in our
lociety, was a source of deep heartfelt sorrow
0 this true and loyal subject to the King iiu-
Dortal, for the increase of whose dominion she
lad " long labored and not fainted." The fol-
owing letter will show how earnestly she desired
he preservation and help of her fellow-profes-
ors, as well as the clearness and consistency of
ler own views, with respect to the fundamental
ruths of Christianity.
SuiRVlLLE, near Clonmel,
1 Eighth Month 22nd, IhOO.
I " My Dear Friend : — In returning the manu-
jcript with which thou entrusted me, allow me
0 observe, that though the system therein laid
town is, to the eye of reason, very plausible, it
3 one my understanding, or rather my best
udgraeut, as sensibly revolts from, as that of
he writer did at the contrary. It is not writ-
en in the lines of my experience; and having
rom tiie earliest opening of my understanding in
piritual things, endeavored simply to receive,
I'hat in the light which maketh manifest might
le revealed, I may add, that according hereto, I
onceive it to be an erroneous system, formed
oore by the strength of the rational or natural
acuity, than the clear unfolding of pure wis-
ilom, in that spot where the creaturely judgment
s taken away, and adopted by a part not yet
ully subjected to the cross of Christ. My spirit
fill, if happily preserved, ever commemorate
hat mercy, which restrained from those specu-
ative researches to which my nature strongly
nclined, and which, as a temptation likely to
)revail, in my first desires for certainty, closely
leset me. Many a labyrinth might I have
leen involved in ; in many a maze enveloped,
lad the various voices which are in the world,
the religious world) been, in conjunction with
hese besetments, attended to. Were it needful
- could tell thee much of the danger to which
ny best life has been exposed, but the standard
.t first erected being held steady in ray view
)y Divine power, even (I speak it with hura-
)le gratitude) I will know nothing but Jesus
;!hrist, and Him crucified, proved a barrier to
hose wanderings in speculative opinions, which
believe would have to me, and have to many
nercifully enlightened minds, been the means
if obstruction to a progress in the way of re-
lemption, and introduced into that circuitous
)ath, where the peaceful termination is not be-
leld.
"Why should we seek to explore, or recon-
ile to our understandings, the work or plan
if redemption, formed and carried into effect
>y Divine unerring wisdom and love ? Can
lur creation, in the first instance or since, be
athomed by all the finite powers of man ? And
hall a more (I was going to say) stupendous
Fork, that of redemption, be arraigned, approved
ir rejected by these powers, and the constituent
)arts of the wondrous edifice so shaken, that
he whole is in danger of being levelled ? Oh
hat every attempt of this kind may be merci
ally defeated.
" Wherein does our spiritual life consist? Is
lebate, speculation and reasoning the nourish-
nent of the immortal part? Is it matured by-
bod so inferior to its nature? Eather will it
;radually weaken and come to decay, if not
replenished from a source equal to its origin ;
the pure milk of the eternal Word.
" Mayest thou, my beloved friend, partake
hereof and be sweetly satisfied ; anything con-
trary to this is dangerous food, strengthening
only that part destined by sacred determination
for subjection to that power which, if suttered
to reign, will reduce into holy order, harmony
d love.
"From this state, in the rational and animal
creation, there was a departure in the original
fall or degeneracy of man ; and in succession,
as descendants from transgressing man, we par-
take of a nature or disposition to evil. Not-
withstanding, as early as the fall, there was,
and in perpetuity has been and is, a pure holy
seed or principle to counteract the propensities
so produced; and though no guilt attaches
where there has not been a joining with the
evil, yet, being possessed of a transgressing na-
ture, we individually need redemption from it.
Xor are we really so redeemed and delivered
from the bondage of corruption, until, through
the sanctifying influence of that pure gift vouch-
safed as a light, leader and restorer, we expe-
rience the crucifixion of the old man (the first
nature ), with his deeds, and in the gradual pro-
cess of refinement, a putting ' on the new man,
which after God is created in righteousness and
true holiness.'
•' I fully believe that as soon as man was re-
deemed, after and out of transgression, it was
through faith in the promised deliverer and
submission to the Divinely operative and effi-
cient means, mercifully provided by matchless
love. Yet it pleased the" same love and inscru-
table wisdom, in the fulness of time, to open
the way more perfectly by the appearance or
manifestation of this appointed Saviour in the
flesh, therein to fill up that measure of suffering
seen meet. It is not our business to inquire
why this should be a part of the marvellous
plan, but thankfully content with the remedy
so graciously provided, and beholding what
manner of love the Father has bestowed upon
us, humbly to partake of the offered salvation,
by receiving and walking in that light leading
to immortality, through the glorious dispensa-
tion of the Gospel or power of Christ ; the pure
eternal Word, ' whereby all things were made.'
What a convincing testimony to the eternal
Godhead of the Son, and thereby proving Him
to be an Omnipotent Saviour, as well as holy
pattern of all excellence.
" Never was there a more full and plain sys-
tem than that of the Gospel ; never can the
strongest powers of the creature add to its clear-
ness and beauty, though the plainest truths may
be rendered doubtful and the way complex, by
subtle reasonings and eloquent disquisitions. I
repeat, let us be content ; we have not as a peo-
ple followed a cunningly devised fable, and
there are, I trust, th(jse yet preserved who can
go further and say, ' it is truth and no lie ;' hav-
ing seen with their eyes, heard with their ears,
and been permitted to taste of the word of life,
and if required, could, through Almighty help,
seal their testimony by the surrender of the
natural life.
" Little did I expect to enlarge thus, and far
is it from me to enter into controversy and de-
bate, a poor employment for one apprehending
a more solemn call ; but my heart earnestly
longs that the Lord's children may stand firm
in this day of shaking and great trial. Let
none beguile any of their promised reward,
through leading into reasonings and perplexing
uncertainty. ' I am the way, the truth and the
life,' is a compendious lesson, a holy limit; and
'no man cometh unto the Father but by me.'
"1 quarrel with none about forms, or differ-
ing in non-essentials, but this is the one certain
direction, the consecrated ))ath to salvation,
through the Divine law-giver; and if happily
attended to, all will be well here and forever!
" Thou and thine are dear to my best and
affectionate feelings; write to me freely if so
inclined. I sh<juld be glad to hear from, and
be remembered by thee, and am
Thy sincere friend,
Mary Dudley.
A Night in the House of Commons.
BY JUSTIN M'CARTHY.
The first public business in the House of Com-
mons is the asking and the answering of ques-
tions. These questions, as everybody know.s, are
addressed to Secretaries of State and Under
Secretaries, to the heads of all departments rep-
resented in the house, to the law advisers of the
Crown, and to everybody, in fact, who speaks
for any of the oflSces in charge of the Adminis-
tration. It is needless to say that they range
over a vast variety of grievances — for questions
generally relate to grievances — and apply to the
manner in which the Administration has dealt
with a colonial governor, or with an Indian of-
ficial, or with a village postmistress. The ques-
tion system in the House of Commons has again
and again been made the subject of unsparing
ridicule. You cannot, it is said, often expect
to get great declarations of domestic or foreign
policy out of a Government by putting a ques-
tion, and why should the time of the House be
taken up with an interrogation and a reply as
to the manner in which some provincial or vil-
lage office-holder was treated by the department
to which his service was attached? Now just
look at the different views taken by different
minds. I quite admit the temptation to ridicule
which is offered by a question put in the House
of Commons concerning the wrong done to the
village postmistress who was transferred to some
uncongenial district. The very dullest among
us could, one might think, make fun out of
that. Fancy the attention of the great Im-
perial Parliament being wasted over petty trivi-
alties of that kind ! Yes, but I may be allowed
to say for myself that I hope there mav never
be any serious attempt made to restrict the
privileges of members to question a Government
as to the alleged grievances inflicted on the
poorest and the meanest of Her Majesty's sub-
jects. I do not think the Representative Cham-
ber ever looks to better advantage than when it
thus shows that its protection can be evoked for
the occupant of a pauper's bed in a workhouse,
or even for the occupant of a felon's cell, if it
can be shown that any wrong has been done in
either case which it is in the power of the Gov-
ernment to put right.
Some members of Parliament, of course, have
a perfect craze about questions. They live for
the putting of questions. They make a name —
"Phcebus! what a name !" as Milton says — for
the putting of questions. A friend of mine, an
English Liberal member of the House, long since
dead, used to repeat, with great good humor, a
story which told against himself During the
course of a recess, he was delivering an address
to his constituents, and in order to impress them
with a due sense of his public services, he em-
phasized the fact that, in the last session, he had
put to Ministers more than three hundred ques-
tions. He paused to study the effect of his
310
THE FRIEND.
Fourth Mo. 17, 189i
statement, and a voice from the furthest part of
the gallery called out, " Why, what a higuoraut
bloke you must be !"
For " The Feiend."
A Brief Biographical Sketch of William Penn.
William Penn was born near the Tower of
London in 164-1. At an early age he was sent
to a grammar school at Chigwell in Essex, one
of the country seats of his father ; he gave evi-
dence of promising talents and received some
serious impressions by which his youth was
preserved in purit)', and pious desires were
awakened in his mind. It was while in his
eleventh year that he experienced the enlight-
ening influence of Divine Grace and the good
seed being sown in the soil of a sincere and
willing heart, was not lost, but in after years
produced a rich harvest of spiritual enjoyment
and usefulness. It is related by one of his biog-
raphers that being alone in his chamber, he was
suddenly surprised with an inward comfort, and
as he thought, an external glory in the room
which gave rise to religious emotions, during
which he had the strongest convictions of there
being a God, and that the soul of man was
capable of enjoying communion with Him. He
believed also that the seal of Divinity had been
put upon him at this moment, or that he had
been awakened or called to a holy life. For
the light that shone in his own spiritual nature
was above the brightness of the sun.
At the age of fifteen he went to Oxford, was
entered as a student at Christ Church. Here
he advanced rapidly in learning, and cultivated
the acquaintance of those who were the most
distinguished for talents and learning. Among
his comrades at this time were John Locke,
afterward distinguished for his " Essay on the
Human Understanding."
While he was at Oxford a brother of Charles
the Second died. He was beloved by the king,
was a favorite with the nation on account of his
amiable character. Many poetic effusions were
written by the students in commemoration of
this man ; among the rest Wm. Penn produced
an elegy written in Latin, which affords evi-
dence of his genius and acquirements. Thomas
Loe, who formerly belonged to the University
of Oxford on the occasion of his discourse made
a deep impression on the mind of Penn. Being
dissatisfied with the established form of worship,
some of the students with himself, concluded to
withdraw from it, and they held religious meet-
ings for Divine worship, in which they were en-
gaged in preaching and prayer. This conduct
gave offence to the heads of the college, who
fined them for non-conformity ; but Penn and
his associates believing themselves bound by a
sense of duty to continue their meeting, and to
absent themselves from the established Church,
were expelled from the college. After his re-
turn home his exemplary conduct and serious
deportment evinced the change that had been
wrought in his feelings. He withdrew from the
society of the gay and proud, and sought the
society of the pious and sedate. His father saw
with grief this change in his manners, and began
to feel that all the prospects cherished for him
would be blasted. The admiral hoping that his
mind would be changed— if he was away from
his friends he would lose his serious impressions
— sent hira to Ireland on business. This he con-
ducted with such ability as to give entire satis-
faction. But here Divine Providence again in-
terp;)sed to call hira to that sphere in life in
which he was destined to accomplish so great a
work. Being in Cork on business he heard that
Thomas Loe, the instrument of his religious
impressions at Oxford, was to attend the meet-
ing of Friends in that city. His affection for
this eminent Friend would not allow him to
leave the city without seeing him ; he therefore
attended the meeting. After an interval of si-
lence, Thomas Loe arose and said, " There is a
f\iith which overcomes the world, and there is a
faith which is overcome by the world." On this
he enlarged in so remarkable a manner that
every word weut home to the feelings of Wil-
liam Penn. The result was that he was deeply
moved, his convictions of religion were revived
and he became a constant attender of Friends'
Meetings. Many years afterward, when relating
an interview he had with some pious persons,
he alluded to his religious exercises in early
life, saying, " I let them know how and when the
Lord first appeared unto me, which was about
the twelfth year of my age ; between that and
the fifteenth the Lord visited me, and the Di-
vine impressions He gave me of himself; of
my persecutions at Oxford, and how the Lord
sustained me ; of my being banished from col-
lege ; the bitter usage I underwent when I re-
turned to my home, being whipped and beaten
and turned out of doors ; in 1662, of the Lord's
dealing with me in the time of the great plague
in London — in fine, the deep sense of the vani-
ties of the world, the irreligiousness of it, and
my bitter cries to Him that He would shosv me
his own way of life and salvation, and of my
right time to follow Him whatever reports or
sufferings should attend me, and that with great
reverence and brokenness of spirit ; how after all
this, the glory of the world overtook me, and I
was ready to give up to it, seeing there was no
such primitive spirit and church in the world,
being ready to faint concerning ray hope.
" It was at this time I received the testimony
of his eternal Truth, through one of those called
by the world Quakers, named Thomas Loe. I re-
lated to them the bitter moekings and scornings,
the displeasure of ray parents, the invectives and
cruelty of the priests, the strangeness of all my
companions, a sign and a wonder made of me;
above all the great cross of resisting and watch-
ing against mine own inward and vain affections
and thoughts."
William Penn being now drawn into close
fellowship with the Friends, was soon to experi-
ence some of the persecutions which were so
liberally inflicted upon those unoffending people.
Being at meeting at Cork, he was with others,
eighteen in number, apprehended and committed
to prison. The report that he had become a
Quaker was soon conveyed to his father, who
recalled him: an order which he quickly obeyed
by returning home. At first the admiral per-
ceived nothing peculiar in his dress or manners,
but his serious and religions deportment con-
tinuing to increase, and the usage of taking off
the hat being omitted, his father became uneasy
and requested an explanation. The scene which
followed was deeply painful to both parties, for
the son, faithful to his religious principles, re-
spectfully declined to remove it, as he considered
his duty to God was paramount to all other ob-
ligations, evinced his desire of manifesting his
obedience to his father, and his affection for him
in everything that did not conflict with his con-
victions of religious duties. On the other hand,
the father had set his heart on advancing his son
to a high station of wealth and honor, and could
not endure to see hira forego the dazzling prize
that appeared to be within his reach, and to
unite himself to the despised Quakers seemed
to be nothing less than an act of madness. He
made use of every argument, even condescendet;
to entreat and implore, but all to no purpc
— his son stood firm to liis principle. Findinfi
that he could not prevail, he desired that h(
would at least take off his hat in the presena
of the king and himself. William asked timi
to consider this request ; be retired to his cham^
ber and sought for Divine aid in fasting ano
prayer. He considered the uncovering of th<
liead as an act of reverence or worship whicl
was due to the Deity and he could not pay tha
reverence to mortal man.
In the next interview he apprised his fathei
with expressions of duty and affection that h(
could not comply with his request. The ad>
miral could not restrain his anger, again ex
pelled him from his house. Accustomed to af
fluence, without any means to supply or obtaii
a livelihood, his mother, true to maternal love
sent secretly means for his relief. At length hii
father, softened, perhaps by the entreaties of hii
wife, so far relented as to allow him to obtaic
subsistence, though he gave no open counten
ance. It was the greatest of all crosses and triali^
that William Penn was called upon to bear ai
this period of his life, that he was cut off fron
kindly intercourse with a father whom he ten
derly loved, but he firmly adhered to the course
he had chosen, counting nothing too near or tot
dear to be sacrificed for the love of the Gospels
and knowing that he that putteth his hand h
the plough and looketh back, is not fit for oi
worthy of the kingdom.
William Penn had been for some years subi
jected to trials, which under the Divine blessiof)
were made instrumental to his religious progress
Having renounced the world and its fashionsi
he became a constant attender of Friends' Meeti
ings. Although he was convinced of Friends
principles, he did not immediately relinquish hi
gay apparel. It is said that he wore his swore
as was customary among those of rank and fash'
ion. He asked George Fox what his adviof
would be, whether he should wear it or
George told hira he should wear it as long sie
he could. Not long after they met again ; Wil'
Ham had not his sword. George said to him
" William, where is thy sword." "Oh," said hel
" I took thy advice, and wore it as long aa 1
could."
He soon became an eminent minister arfd am
thor of many religious works. The principa
work produced at that time was " No Cross, Nd
Crown," that has been frequently republished!
and extensively read. This work shows greal
erudition and research. In conclusion of thii
excellent work, Penn shows that those who will
not take up the cross and self-denial cannot es
pect the crown of eternal glory, and He cal
upon all, but more especially upou all those
whose hearts have been awakened, to c
away from the vanities of the world. He labored!
extensively for liberty of conscience, and aa^
when asked to recant, " I will die in prison
first."
The more his father saw of his actions,
more he esteemed him for his sincerity, his UM
form kindness, and his devotion to his duty ;h(i
could not but acknowledge that in his renounce)
ment frora the honors of the world and assuming!
the cross, William had chosen the better parti
which could not be taken from him. Sensibly
of his approaching end, he said to his son
"William, I am weary of the world; I woulc
not live over ray days again if I could comn
it with a wish — the snares of life are greater thai
the fear of death. This troubles me that I hav<
oftended a gracious God. Let nothing in th»
fourth Mo. 17, 1897
THE FRIEND.
311
forlil wrong your eouscience." At another
ime, he said, ''Son William, if yon and ynnr
riends keep to your plain way of preaching
nd living yon will make an end of the priests
0 the end of the world."
In due time he became an eminent minister
f the Gospel, and a benefactor to the human
lamily. P. A. Elkinton.
From " The West Chester Local News."
Capital Punishment.
With the desire of calling public attention
'o the important measure lately enacted by
r^ongress of giving juries in United States Courts
Vho bring in a verdict of murder in the first
legree the privilege of adding" without capital
■lunishment," the following interesting letter is
'ffertd for publication in the Daily Local News.
,t is understood that capital punishment is not
iractised in Michigan, and it is hoped the In-
elligent Commonwealth of Pennsylvania will
ollow so humane an example. The writer of
he letter, General Curtis, is known as the " Hero
f Fort Fisher," and the enactment was made
, law by the signature of the President on the
■nniversary of that engagement :
1 Washington, D. C, Jan. 31, 1897.
I William P. Towusend, West Chester, Pa.—
\ILj Dear Sir : — I have the pleasure of acknow-
ledging the receipt of your favor on the 30th
nst., and to thank you for the kind expressions
t contains.
I I am very glad to say that the bill, which I
»ave been laboring for many years to cause to
'•e enacted, has become a law. While it does
lot go so far as I would like, it, at least, is a
ong step in the direction you and I very ar-
.ently desire to see accomplished. It is the
;reatest change, by way of reducing penalties
inder the Saxon laws, secured by a single meas-
ire in our history. I send under separate cover
he report of the Judiciary Committee of the
louse upon my bill, which contains a compila-
ion "bf facts I presented to that committee to
how that the abolition of capital punishment,
a many countries, was beneficial to society by
educing the very offences for which it had been
,0 long held to be necessary for its protection.
?he reports from the foreign governments are
jfficial, as they were obtained in answer to
luestions sent by me through the Department
f State. The only countries that have found
liflBcuhy in the abolition of capital punishment
ire Columbia and Equador, South America.
?he population of these countries consist chiefly
'f mixed races — the Spanish and Indians. They
ive nearly under the equator, and ar^ not a
•eople whose experience should be regarded as
'JStructive in this particular to people of the
laxon race living in temperate latitudes. It
nil be some satisfaction to you, in your ad-
anced years, who have labored so assiduously,
s I understand you have, for the abolition of
apital punishment, to know you have reached
he time when there is but one offence under
be United States laws for which the death
enalty must be inflicted upon conviction, uu-
2ss Executive clemency should intervene. The
fty-seventh article of war prescribes that a
erson who forces a safeguard shall suffer death.
do not believe we have had an execution un-
er that article of war since the formation of
be Government. Our articles of war for the
overnraent of the army and navy were derived
rora the English code. Under my law the
enalty of death for eighteen offences is totally
bolished ; but for treason, murder or rape com-
mitted on territory exclusively within the juris-
diction of the United States, the death penalty
may be inflicted ; yet the provision which al-
lows, in these three crimes, the jury to add to
their verdict" without capital punishment," will
doubtless lessen the number of legal executions.
It will also tend to increase convictions in proper
cases, so that those guilty of the gravest offences
shall have restraint kept upon them by the cer-
tainty of imprisonment, whereas without this
provision many would be turned loose upon
society. When I first introduced this measure
six years ago, its opponents included almost all
the prominent men in Congress, and you will
be pleased to know that nearly all liave been
brought to understand the advantages to be ile-
rived from a system of milder punishment, and
many of the most pronounced opponents of the
bill, when first introduced, finally canje to its
support not only with their votes, but with their
voices. The Department of Justice has also
warmly indorsed the measure. The subject of
the abolition of the death penalty has received
the favorable consideration of many men in
prominent positions who have heretofore simply
acquiesced in an order of things to which they
evidently had not given careful consideration.
With good wishes for your health, I am, sin-
cerely,
Newton Martin Cuktis.
Elephant Stories.
Many stories are told which prove that ele-
phants remember and resent cruel treatment in
a way which shows great intelligence, and also
that they are equally sure to remember kind-
ness and display intense affection for a human
friend. In the old story about the elephant
who, when he put his trunk in a tailor's window
expecting a piece of cake, received instead a
prick from a needle, the insulted animal went
at once to a mud puddle, drew up the dirty
water, and going back squirted it all over the
tailor.
In London lately an elephant named Charley
killed a keeper who had been cruel to him.
The man was discharged because of his cruelty,
and had been away a year, but the elephant
had not forgotten, and the moment he heard
the man's voice turned and seized him and killed
him before anyone could interfere.
The owner of the elephant testified that there
was no doubt that the animal was paying an
old grudge. Charley was the kindest elephant
he ever owned. He had appeared at five lord
mayors' shows and many Drury Lane panto-
mines. Sanger added :
" Elephants do not forget injuries or kind-
nesses. I remember several remarkable in-
stances. On one occasion, when I had been
separated from an elephant for two years, the
elephant, on seeing me, seized me around the
waist with his trunk, and would not let go un-
til he had hugged and caressed me for a long
time. Tears of pleasure ran down the brute's
cheeks.
" Some years ago a nephew of mine, a child
of three, was playing around Charley and climb-
ing up his legs. Charley gently resented this,
but the child continued. Charley then took
the child up, shook him gently, and put him
down some yards away."
Elephants learn very quickly, and are useful
workers on that account. Last summer during
the terribly hot weather a keeper in Central
Park turned the hose which he was using on
one of the elephants. The huge animal was
much pleased with the bath, ami when the
keeper dropped the hose picked it up and turned
it on him.^elf and then on the other elephants,
till all had been comfortably cooled off'. After
that the keeper gave them the hose every day,
and saved himself that much work. — Selected.
THE FRIEND.
FOURTH MONTH 17, 1897
William Penn, in his admirable treatise en-
titled " No Cross, No Crown," shows that the
true disciple of Jesus must live in such close
communion with God, and in such watchfulness
over himself, that not only no evil word must
escape his lips, but not a thought must escape
judgment. This doctrine is in harmony with
the teachings of the Bible. Our Saviour told
his disciples that out of the heart come those
evil things that defile a man. And the Apostle
Paul wrote to the Romans that to be carnally
minded is death, but to be spiritually minded
is life and peace. David, in the 141st Psalm,
prays to the Lord, " Set a watch before my
mouth ; keep the door of my lips."
True religion requires that we should keep
ourselves unspotted from the world. But how
difficult this is many have experienced. There
is a natural tendency in man to follow the path
which is congenial to his own inclinations, with-
out reference to the Divine will concerning him.
The main object in life with some seems to be
to accumulate property ; others seek the indul-
gence of their sensual appetites and lusts ; others
desire, above all other things, the enjoyment of
popularity; some one thing and some another,
but too few keep steadily in view the necessity
of knowing and doing the will of the Lord con-
cerning them.
And even when the heart has been touched
by the visitations of the Holy Spirit, and sin-
cere desires awakened to walk in the way of
holiness, how often do we intermit the lioly
watch, and find defiling thoughts filling the
mind almost before we are aware of it ! So that
we have abundant cause to acknowledge, that
unless the Lord keep the house, the watchman
waketh but in vain.
Some of the Lord's servants, who have left
records of their religious progress, have spoken
of their falling into temptation after they had
in earnest commenced to walk in the narrow
way that leads to the kingdom of heaven. Such
have learned by exi)erience not to trust in them-
selves, but to look daily to the Lord for his help,
and to adopt the petitions in the prayer taught
by our Saviour to his disciples, " Lead me not
into temptation, but deliver me from evil."
A moral life, a decent respect for religious
observances, and a regular attendance at some
place of worship, are all commendable in them-
selves, but are not sufficient, without an ex-
l)erience of that change of heart which Christ
declared to be necessary, when He said to Nico-
demus, "Except a man be born again, he can-
not see the kingdom of God."
These thoughts have been penned with a de-
sire that they may have some effect in stimulat-
ing the reader to seek first the kingdom of God
and his righteousness.
SUMMARY OF EVENT.S.
United States. — The President, on the 7th inst.,
sent a special message to Congress, cailiiig the atlen-
of that body to the snflering and needs of the
n the flooded districts in the Mississippi Val-
1 the hope that the legislative branch of the
people
S12
THE FRIEND.
Fourth Mo. 17,1897
Government will promptly reinforce tlie work of the
local authorities" in the matters of relief. Both Sen-
ate and House acted promptly. In the Senate it was
decided to leave intact the epidemic fund, and a reso-
lution appropriating $150,000 for purchase and dis-
tribution of stores was adopted unanimously. In the
meantime the House had adopted a resolution appro-
priating $200,000, the Ked River of the North being
included in the district in which relief is to be dis-
tributed. This resolution the Senate accepted and it
was sent to the President and signed before 2 P. M.
The Secretary of War at once made a detail of army
officers to investigate the conditions in the flooded
districts and superintend the distribution of relief.
The people of Fargo, North Dakota, have teie-
graped the Secretary of War that Federal aid for
flood suflerers there is not needed.
Advices from the Moreau River country, in South
Dakota, are to the elTect that the loss of cattle in that
section during the past winter has been between forty
and lifty per cent.
The President lias announced the following appoint-
ment for commissioners " for the promotion of an in-
ternational agreement for bimetalism :" Senator Ed-
ward O. Wolcott, of Colorado; Charles J. Paine, of
Boston, and ex-Vice President .\dlai E. Stevenson.
The total value of the slate output in the United
States in 1896 was $2,746,205 and of this Pennsylva-
nia received as her share, §1,726,318.
Since 1891 the number of horses in street railway
service has decreased 162,000, or about eighty per ct.
The annual report of the Inimigation Bureau for
the fiscal year 1896 shows the following percentages
of illiteracy among immigrants arrived last year:
Immigrants from Portugal, 77.69 per cent, illiterate;
from Italy, 54.59 per cent. ; from Russia, 41.14 ; from
Austria-Hungary and provinces, 38.92 per cent. ; from
Ireland, 7 per cent. ; from Germany, 2.9G per cent. ;
from Sweden, 1.16 per cent.
The railroads west of the Missouri have agreed to
give free Iransporlation for the fifty cars of grain
which Iowa is going to send to India.
Large icebergs are reported by nearly all of the in-
coming steamships from Europe, some of them fifty
to two hundred and fifty feet long and from twenty
to seventy feet high.
The South Carolina Supreme Court has ruled that
"no man may keep liquor in his house or place of
business for a lawful purpose, such as personal use,
unless the vessel in which it is kept has a certificate
on it from the State Liquor Commission." The Court
was equally divided, the decision of the lower Court
being, therefore, affirmed.
The cinnamon tree has recently been introduced
into the Biscayne Bay region of Florida, and is now
being cultivated extensively on the Perrine grant.
The New York Assembly, on the 12th inst., passed
the Greater New York charter over Mayor Strong's
veto by a vote of 106 lo 32.
The citizens of Cambridge, Mass., are talking about
celebrating the tenth anniversary of the town's ex-
emption from the liquor saloon, which will soon occur.
While workmen were tearing down a part of the
old Courthouse of Westmoreland County, on Second-
day last, a chest lull of old records was unearthed,
and found to contain documents signed by George
Washington, William Penn, Kinj George III., and
other noted men.
Ei-United States Senator, D. W. Voorhees, of In-
diana, died at his residence in Washington on the
10th inst., aged seventy years.
Edward Drinker Cope, Professor of Zoology and
Comparative .\natomy in the University of Pennsyl-
vania, widely known as a stuilent of Natural History,
died on the r2th instant in this city. He was in his
fifty-seventh year.
A fire, which started in the hotel Knox, in Knox-
ville, Tenn., on the morning of the 8th inst., spread
lo a number of adjoining wholesale stores, which were
destroyed. Five or six guests of the hotel are miss-
ing and are thought to have perished in the flames,
and a number of persons were injured by jumping
from the wimlows and by an explosion of powder in
one of the buildings. It became necessary to blow
down the walls of one building with artillery to check
the spread of the fire. The losses will aggregate over
a million dollars.
Deaths in this city last week numbered 4S5, which
is 53 more than the previous week, and 77 lessthanthe
corresponding week of 1896. Of the foregoing, 2.56
were males and 229 females: 73 died of pneumonia ;
■M of consumption; 35 of heart disease ; 20 of diph-
theria; 19 of cancer; 18 of convulsions; 18 of apo-
plexy: 16 of marasmus; 15 of old age; 14 of infiamma-
tion nf the stomach and bowels ; 13 of inflammation of
the brain; 12 of nephritis ; 11 of Bright's disease ; 11
from casualties ; 11 of inanition ; 10 of whooping cough ;
9 of scarlet fever, and 9 of bronchitis.
Markets, Ac— U. S. 2's, 96k; 4's, reg.. Ill a lllf;
coupon, 112.V a 113; new 4's, 124J a 124| ; 5's, 114
a 114J ; currency 6's, 103 a 105.
Cotton. — Spinners bought sparingly, but official
quotations were unchanged at 7}Jc. per pound for
middling uplands.
Feed.— Spot bran ranged from $14.50 to $15.00 per
ton for winter in bulk, and $13.50 a $14.00 for spring
in sacks.
Flour.— Winter super, $2.40 a $2.50; do., extras,
$2.75 a $3.00 ; Pennsylvania roller, clear, $3.65 a $3.85;
do., do., straight, $3.90 a $4.00 ; Western winter, clear,
$3.65 a $3.85-; do., do., straight, $3.95 a $4.10; do.,
do., patent, $4.20 a $4.35 ; spring, clear, $3.25 a $3.40 ;
do., straight, $3.60 a $3.80 ; do., patent, $3.85 a $4.00 ;
do.! favorite brands, higher. City mills, extra, $2.85
a $3.10; do., clear, $3.75 a $4.00: do., straight, $4.00
a $4.20 ; do., patent, $4.25 a $4.50. Rye Flour.—
$2.25 a $2.40 per bbl. as to quality.
Grain.— No. 2 red wheat, 79 a 79Jc.
No. 2 mixed corn, 271 a 27|c.
No. 3 white oats, 24 a 24Jc.
Beep Cattle. — Extra, 5J- a SJ-c; good, 4|- a 5c.;
medium, 4J a 4Jc.; common, 4J a 4|e.
Sheep and Lambs. — Extra, 5 a ojc; good, 4i a 4|c.;
medium, 4 a 4Jc ; common, 3 a 3|c.; clipped sheep, 3i
a 4ic.; clipped lambs, 4J a 5|c.; wool lambs, 5 a 6^c
Hogs. — Best Western, 6 a 6}c.; other Western, 5| a
6c.; State, 6Jc.
Foreign. — Replying to a statement in the House
of Commons to the effect that the production of food
supplies in the United Kingdom was wholly inade-
quate, and that the country was dependent upon other
nation^, Arthur Balfour, the Government leader, said
that he did not think there was danger of foreign
countries refusing to supply Great Britain with food.
The United Stales, he said, could not allow food to be
declared contraband of war, as it would affect her in-
terests, apart from her interest and sympathy for
Great Britain, and, combined with the United States,
Great Britain could stand any conceivable combina-
tion of the Powers.
Although there are nearly 6,000,000 total abstainers
in Great Britain and Ireland, the consumption of
spirituous liquors last year amounted to £148,972,230
—an increase of £6,500,000 over 1S95.
It is stated that Great Britain has secured Inyack
Island, at the entrance to Delagoa Bay, and that a
squadron of warships will be sent there to take pos-
session of the island and proclaim it British territory.
The German Government has filed with the State
Department a note of protest against the different
duties on sugar provided for in the Dinglev Tariff
bill. The contents of the note were considered of
sufficient importance to be communicated to members
of the Senate Finance Committee. There is a threat
of retaliation in the event of the duties becoming law.
The anniversary of the declaration of the inde-
pendence of Greece from Turkish rule was celebrated
with great enthusiasm in Athens on the 6th instant.
Three thousand Greek insurgents have iuvaded
Macedonia. They are not supported by the regulars.
Their object appears to be to cut the Turkish com
munications between Macedonia and Epirus.
A decree has been issued by the Sultan of Zanzibar,
abolishing slavery.
The Peruvian Government has suspended the coin-
age of silver at the Government Mint, and has issued
a prohibition against the importation of silver coins
after the 10th of next month.
President Errazuriz has declined to accept the res-
ignation of the Chilean Cabinet.
A St. John's, Newfoundland, despatch says that the
coast is once more blockaded by heavy Arctic ice, im-
prisoning the steamers Caspian and Portia, and pre-
venting the incoming of a whole fleet of sealing steam-
ers, which have been cruising in the south ice pack
for a month past. " It is estimated that 20,000 fisher-
men will be unable lo prosecute their usual industry
at Labrador during the coming summer season, be-
cause of the inability of merchants to fit them out, an
inability due to the small returns from the disposal of
the product."
NOTICES.
Reduced Rates to Philadelpdia Yearly Meet-
ing.— The usual arrangements have been made with
the Pennsylvania R. R. Company, by which Friends
attending our approaching Y'early Meeting can obtain
I excursion tickets to Philadelphia and return, from
anv station on the following railroads, at the rate of
two cents per mile travelled, going and returning; ex-
cept that no such tickets will be issued at a less rate
than 25 cents, viz: Pennsylvania Jiailroad (main line),
as far west as Pittsburgh, Philadelphia and Erie Rail-
road Division, Northern Central Railway, United
Railroads of New Jersey Division, West Jersey Rail-
road, and Philadelphia, Wilmington and Baltimore
Railroad Company, on any day from Fourth Monthi
13th to 23rd, inclusive, and make the return cc
good until Fourth Month 27th, inclusive, 1897.
The Baltimore and Ohio Company, and the Phila-
delphia and Reading Railroads have kindly offered'
Friends the same rates and for the same dates as above
specified.
Application should be made either personally or l_
mail, to Joseph Hall, 304 Arch Street, Philadelphia,
or to Thomas C. Hogue, West Chester, Pa., for orders
on the Ticket Agents— one of which must be delivered
to the Agent whenever a ticket is obtained. These
orders inform the Ticket Agent at whatever station
they are presented on the above railroads, that the
bearer is entitled to a ticket to Philadelphia, and re-
turn, at the above rate of two cents per mile trav-
elled. If a Friend iu each neighborhood would as-
certain the number of card orders likely to be needed,-
and obtain them, and distribute among Friends, it
would make less work for those having the care of
them. When they are to be forwarded by mail a
two-cent stamp should be sent to pay the postage.
Note. — Tickets issued on this order will not be good'
to stop oft' at way stations, going or returning.
Westtown Bo.\rding School. — Applications for]
the admission of pupils to the school, and letters in
regard to instruction and discipline should be adi
dressed to William F. Wickersham, Principal.
Payments on account of board and tuition, ani
communications in regard to business should be for-!
warded to Edward G. Smedley, SupeTintendeni.
Addre.ss, Westtown P. O., Chester Co., Pa.
Friends attending the Y'early Meeting can be fur-
nished with meals, both before and after the sittinjffi
of the meeting, as heretofore, at moderate charge (ISl
cents), in the second story of the central partoftne
Arch Street Meeting House. Meals will also hi
nished for those attending the Meeting for Sufferings
and the Select Meeting the previous week.
Westtown Boarding School. — For convenieace
of persons coming to Westtown School, the stage wiH
meet trains leaving Philadelphia 7.17 and 8.46 A. M-
and 2.53 and 4.32 p. M. Other trains are met wh
requested. Stage fare on regular trips, fifteen ceDt&
on special trips, twenty-five cents each way. To reacfi
the school by telegraph, wire West Chester Phone 85,
Edward G. Smedley, Sap't
Westtown Boarding School. — A stated meetin,
of the Committee will be held in Philadelphia OBJ
Seventh-day, the 17th instant, at 2.30 P. M.
Wm. Evans, Clerh.
Died, at her residence, 4039 Baltimore Ave., Phil*
delphia. Second Month 19th, 1897, Sarah H. CressoHj
in the seventy-eighth year of her age; a member ('
the Monthly Meeting of Friends of Philadelphia fi
the Northern District.
, at her home in Westerly R. I., Tenth MonlJ
29th, 1896, Anna Wilbur Foster, widow of Ethai
Foster, and daughter of John Wilbur, in the seventy
seventh year of her age. She was a life-long memw
and for many years an Elder of the Society of Friend
Of a meek and quiet disposition, she was yet firi
in upholding the right, and an able defender M^^
living example of Friends' principles. She had i
quick and intuitive discernment by which she almor'
unconsciously measured those with whom she caB
in contact, and was thus enabled to perceive and a|>
predate the good in all, and to quietly reprove a '
shun that which was deficient. She was especif
charitable and tender towards the erring, and 8oa„_j^
the reformation of each by the gentle measures of lovJ
and patience. In her old age she looked towaidl
the sunsent of life unmoved by any disturbance, will
a perfect faith that there is beyond this life a belW
slate of existence, where " the throne of God ando
the Lamb shall be, and where his servants shall servt
Him and see his face."
THE FRIEND
A Religious and Literary Journal.
VOL. LXX.
SEVENTH-DAY, FOURTH MONTH 24, 1897.
No. 40.
PUBLISHED WEEKLY.
Price, if paid in advance, $2.00 per annum.
Subscriptions^ payments and buMness coTnmunicatior,
received by
Edwin P. Sellew, Publisher,
No. 207 Walkut Place,
(South from Walnut Street, between Third and Fourth,)
PHILADELPHIA.
Articles designed /or insertion to be addressed to
JOSEPH WALTON,
MOORESTOWN, BUELINGTON Co., N. J.
Entered as second-class r
■ at Philadelphia P. O.
iary and Letters of Deborah Brooks Webb.
(Continued from page 306.)
1891.— Eleventh Month 8th.— She writes to
)me friends on the death of a near relative :
Our Father has heen visiting hira for years,
iclining him to virtue and benevolence, and
as at last quietly prepared and quietly let hira
:)wn to the grave. Our spirits know the same
lange, yet I trust blessed change, awaits us, and
ow joyful to contemplate the acknowledging of
3 by our Lord, whom we have loved. Let us
•ok forward with joy,doing humblyand meekly
hatever our hands find to do now — all for the
[aster. I wanted to tell you that our Kennet
quare Meeting-house has all the foundation
alls done, and they are going on with the bricks
ion — may be ready in the Second Month.
[y duty in regard to it all seems not to solicit
uch, but to lie low and beg of the Lord to in-
■ease and favor the meeting. Just think, not
18 young Friend opening their mouth in the
inistry in all our Quarter. I think sometimes
1 must beg."
1892.— First Month 27th.— She writes to R.
A., " DearS. Ms prospect causes such thank-
■Iness in my heart. That the dear Lord should
nd his messengers around the world, is my
isire. I have no doubt but that he will be
;pt humble and watchful and prayerful, and
ien I know he will be preserved."'^
to her friend, R. S. A., Fourth Month 6th,
592. — " As our dear ones depart this life, dost
,ou ever think ' how grows our store in para-
se?' Thy beloved husband and dear E., and
iw our beloved Deborah Rhoads. It seemed to
e at first we could not spare her from our seats.
esolate indeed it will seem without her. Now,
3 humbly trust, is singing the heavenly an-
ems. How striking the language the sixth
id seventh of Revelation. So much of praise,
ory and adoration to Him that sitteth upon
e throne and to the Lamb which was slain,
'^e too, through adorable mercy, may be there
metime, all of such mercy. I often think of
at poor old woman spoken of in a poem in
HE Friend, where she related her vision, and
iid when the Master cut short her supplies
* This was probably written before she had learned
'theprospectof our dear friend, J. E. R., accompany
gS. M. to the far-off isles.
He would take her, and suddenly, sud<lenly,
she was there. When the dear Master cuts
short my strength, how sweet to think, 'Sud-
denly, suddenly, I shall be there.' "
To a friend Sixth Month 5th, 1892, she writes,
" ' Prayer shall a vast triangle fortu.
On whose broad base we still shall meet.
And whose high top surmounts each storm,
And joins us at our Saviour's feet.'
"When I remember your request to think of
your suffering when near access is granted unto
the Father of Mercies, you always seem so close
there yourselves. I believe you are living close
there, and that He is watching you in the fur-
nace to strengthen and support you. How my
heart has ached for you since my last visit. . .
But I want to tell you something pleasant. We
moved the Kennet Square Meeting into the
new house last First-day. All the committee
were to be there if they chose, but poor little
me ! I was the only one accustomed to opening
her lips to glorify the Lord in public. A large
concourse filled the house. I felt almost af-
frighted to be alone, but supplication presented.
' How glorious, oh, God, must thy temple have
been on the day of its first dedication. That as
He heard Solomon's prayer He would hear
ours, and fill our .souls with the cloud and sign
of his presence. Then testimony, ' And the little
child shall lead them' (Isaiah ii), I felt so
helped and the Lord was good."
To R. S. A., Eleventh Month 2nd, 1892 :
Thine, with its weighty contents, was received
last evening. My spirit salutes thee with 'God
speed.' Oh, dear heart, I know it is humbling
1 baptizing work, but it brings us very near to
our source of supply, even Christ, in spirit. How
the dwelling of the soul is with supplication
before Him, and He condescends to cover us
with his presence! Oh, He is sweet and good
to the soul that trusts Him. He promises to be
mouth and wisdom, and I think He will ' never
leave thee nor forsake thee.' It is a ftivor to
have God-fearing companions, and thou wilt
have them in this selection. It is well to take
the work slowly, and then thou art able to bear
it. How pleasant it is to hear of those others
travelling with religious concerns. May the
Lord send forth more laborers, more laborers
into the harvest field. . . My spirit will travail
with thee. Accept my warm aspirations for Holy
help for thee."
189.3.— Seventh Month 30th.— To the same:
" On glancing at our city paper, I saw acciden-
tally the death of thy sister-in-law, S. A's widow.
My heart went to thee immediately and to the
bereaved family. I knew thou would feel so
tenderly for them. These things must be ! those
in years must pass away, and the homes change,
but in our beautiful heavenly home we will not
part. Forever with the Lamb I Thy letter dis-
closed the death of dear Margaret Lightfoot.
She was an upright woman, and one that es-
chewed evjl. Last evening I was reading where
Moses sent the spies up to see the promised
land, and it was very encouraging and strength-
ening to me. The Lord does not want u? to
doubt his power to bring us into his beautiful
heavenly home. The Apostle says, ' I know in
whom I have believed, an<l am persuaded He is
able to keep that which I have committed to
Him unto that day. Yes dear, the day when He
makes up his jewels."
Twelt^h Mo. 10th. — To the same: " 'Rejoice
with them that do rejoice and weep with them
that weep.' . . Thy last letter cheered me,
fir I had wanted to know from my God whether
I was really his or not, whether I was really
serving Him or not? Blessed be his name for-
ever, but after waiting long and looking for a
waking message from heaven, He gave it to me
in words so plain, ' I am the Lord thy God. I
know thee and thou shalt serve me.' Oh, if I
had chosen the words they could not have
comforted me more. So, dear, it seemed as if I
must tell my R. S. A., though it is not good
generally to reveal the King's secrets, thou wilt
not expose it where it will spread, please. . .
It just seemed as though I had to tell thee ray
great joy. So, I go humbly along in soul pre-
serving fear."
Twelfth Month 17th.— To the same: "Thy
letters, dear, bring ' the sweet cane from far,'
and thine eyes see the King in his beauty and
behold the land that is far off.' ' Bread shall be
given to thee, and thy waters shall be sure.'
And though tribulations are thine, yet in Jesus
peace fills thy soul. What a mercy, and the
upholding power of the dear Lord is near thee.
We wouH gather all to this haven, would we
not? To-morrow we attend a funeral. These
funeralsof strangers are a great exercise to me,
but I do not refuse, if well. The dear Lord may
scatter a little tiny seed in some soul through
me. How sad to hear of dear E. Russell's ill-
ness. We cannot feel ready to part with her —
an upright woman, one who feared God."
Under date of First Mo. 21st, 1894, she writes
toS.G. Y.: "We are so comfortable in this lovely
home, and I am ever and ever grateful as I walk
within my house with a humble soul, sometimes
marvelling at his merciful goodness, who brought
me here and sustains."
First Month 28th. 1894, to R. S. A., " Thy
reference to dear S. F. Balderston was so sweet.
He is a dear man, only waiting till the shadows
are a little larger grown. How often his minis-
try used to comfort and strengthen me in trying
to be obedient to what seemecl to be the voice
of the Lord, always so gentle, so full and clear.
I think there is a heavenly harp waiting for
hira. . . Thy last letter did contain some very
weighty views, and I can sympathize with all
of you who feel anj' responsibility in regard to
the proposed visit over the seas. My natural,
instinctive feelings would lead me to say, ' Loose
him and let him go, for the Master hath need
of him ;' but we have to weigh such things in
the balance of the sanctuary. Naturally I love
to hear of any going forth to extend the dear
Redeemer's kingdom, that it is joy to me. Dear
Sarah Emlen had to ask twice before she was
liberated. She quoted the language, ' If the
Lord h^d n()t been on my side, my soul had al-
314
THE FRIEND.
Fourth Mo. 24, 189
most dwelt in silence." She might do great good,
the will of the Lord be done* . . Would that
the Lord would raise up more laborers. Much
work has been expended in his vineyard here-
away. The leaven may be working and fruit
appear later. The cross and an unwillingness
to be as a foul for Christ's sake is in the way."
Third Month 11th, 1894, to R. S. A., " I hope
thy dear son, having ' put his hand to the
plough,' will not look back, not count any cross
too heavy to win that humiliation of our hearts,
which is necessary to prepare us to speak the
word of the Lord only, not our own. The rest and
the sweetness is great afterwards, when we feel
that the dear Lord doeth all within us. . .
I hope thou will keep well and able to attend
our coming assembly. If nothing unforeseen
occurs, I may be there. It looks so solemn.
Dear Phebe W. Roberts at rest forever ; bow
we shall miss our mother in Israel."
To the same. Ninth Month 24th, she writes,
"That is not true prayer, that does not end in
still submission. Our Father knows so much
better than we do, what is best for us all, that I
fear to say much in my own will. ' Thy will be
done,' is the sweetest anthem."
(To be concluded.)
John Fothergill to ■ :
"Philadelphia, 1737.
" . . Let my heretofore strongly pressed
caution, which I do not yet get clear from at
all times, doubting the danger of its being not
enough minded, which is to be aware of that
devilish, bewitching, darkening, ruinous, en-
ticing snare of often sipping and dabbling with
strong drink, and the company that loves and
useth it, and seldom without unprofitable con-
versation, though craftily, from that twisting,
serpentine, adulterating spirit of this world, fre-
quently excused and pleaded for, under artful
disguises, to deceive the unwary. Therefore look
at it in time, as an enemy to body and mind, to
present and future interest ; or else heaven will
assuredly turn its back upon thee, and the
earth will become as iron, and the bowels of thy
true friends will be shut up, and what can follow
then?
" I lay weight upon it, as I am sure it is an
infernal, and as much as Satan can make it, a
hidden snare ; yet I would strongly hope ne-
cessity for this may not be much ; but my love
and true care is a just excuse for me herein.
May the love of righteousness and best riches
win and guide thy heart and views, and the
God of all goodness will be thy God and sure
Helper to blessedness indeed."
Another Sign of the Times.— It is re-
ported from St. Petersburg that the Emperor of
Russia has decided to create a Supreme Coun-
cil, which will relieve him of many details of
routine work; and the report has been con-
firmed. Great care is taken, however, to insist
that "this change cannot be regarded as of
great political significance, or as an indication
of a more liberal regime, and that it is a purely
administrative reform, decided upon for the
reason that the Emperor does not enjoy robust
health, and desires to be less burdened with af-
fairs of minor importance." But the fact re-
mains, and is significant. It is described as an
"innovation" — and such it is; as a " reform"
— and any departure from personal and irre-
sponsible rule, must ultimately prove to be
that. It is a concession to modern tendencies
and necessities; it is a beginning, and the irre-
sistible force of modern progress will do the rest.
*In allusion to E. F's religious visit to Africa.
For "The Friend."'
Origin of Vegetation.
The article prepared for The Feiesd on the
subject of the growth of vegetation and pub-
lished in the issue of Third Month 20th, was
first written at considerably greater length, giv-
ing greater variety of illustrative facts. The
abridgment of the essay may have taken from
its value.
The special interest taken in the subject be-
gan in the year 1830 31, and it has furnished to
the writer a theme for observation, enhancing
the enjoyment of travel through the highways
of our beautiful country.
On a westward trip a few years ago, on the
Baltimore Central Railroad, having unexpect-
edly the company from Concord Station of a
friend, who in course of conversation, made the
remark, in substance, that in travelling he found
it ever interesting to observe not only the gen-
eral beauty of the country, but the form of the
hills, many of them, when opened by quarries
or railroad cuts, were seen to be largely made
up of rock of varied kinds, yet covered over
with earth, smoothed and ready for cultivation.
The present form and condition of the country
was spoken of with especial admiration, in view
of the many proofs existing of great changes,
which, at some remote period had taken place
in the shapes of the hills and valleys, and the
relative places and position of vast masses of
material, since its first formation.
In view of the great changes from lower to
higher positions, that the great masses of rock
should be found covered and clothed as we see
them, is a theme worthy to bespoken of. Hills,
chiefly of rock, covered by beautiful farms.
The conversation, though brief, was of mem-
orable interest, and oft has arisen in contrast
with that of others, who, while partaking of the
manifold blessing, seem to
" Mark not the mighty Hand, wliich
Ever busy, wheels the silent spheres."
The friend here spoken of is, I believe, a bot-
anist, and well read in the sciences, but whether
he thought the Creator made use of seeds, yea
or nay, when his fiat went forth, "Let the earth
bring forth grass, the herb yielding seed, and
the fruit tree yielding fruit after its kind, whose
seed is in itself, and pronounced it good," this
consideration did not appear in that commun-
ing by the way.
The simplicity of the Scripture above quoted,
that the earth was to bring forth herb yielding
seed, etc., the infinite variety of vegetable growth
which adorns the world, from the great trees of
the West to the willow trees of the Arctic re-
gions, three inches in height, the great variety
of luscious fruits and loeautiful flowers, the
growths of woods for uses so varied, with so
much beside, constitute a theme for admiration
which is enhanced by the many proofs that the
soil as first created, continues ready, on being
brought to the surface, to produce vegetation
according to the properties given to it at the
beginning by Him who was Omnipresent both
then and now.
Among those properties of the soil, evidence
abundantly appears, amounting to proofs, that
when the primeval growth that has occupied the
ground forages unnumbered, and is removed or
destroyed, a different growth in due course of
nature will and does take its place.
The addition of a fertilizing ingredient to a
spot or portion of ground, is oft ob.-^erved to
bring forth a growth of vegetation diflferent from
that of the ground surrounding it.
In course of a year spent in Eastern Ohi
sixty-six years ago, the writer became intereste(
in observing that in the many clearings of th
heavy forest, great brush heaps of the tree top
and branches were gathered and burned. I
became a matter of common observation an-
remark, that while natural grass clothed th
cleared land generally, the jdant called Pok
grew luxuriantly on the spots where the brus
heaps had been burned. Many readers kno'
that in their respective parts of the country th
burning of brush heaps is followed by the growt
of Poke. All the surrounding circumstance
precluded the idea of poke seed being in tli
ground. The growth of the plant was evidentl
from so near the surface that had there bee
seed, the fire would have destroyed its power (
vegetation. It was clearly apparent that tli
growth was due simply to the change made b
the fire in the constituent ingredients of the soi
Our late valued Friend Morris Cope, relate
to me some years ago that a certain Frien
whom he knew, had a strip of waste "bottoi
land " along a creek which flowed through h
farm, too stony to plough, and grew scarce anj
thing but moss and a viny plant called "fivi
finger." On speaking of his valueless botton
land to a person, he was recommended to sow
with plaster of paris, which he did, and a luxi
riant crop of wliite clover was the result.
In the absence of knowledge of the facts, w
may reasonably suppose that a strip of lau
along a creek would be washed at times by hig
water, would be left stony and deprived of ii
gredients of soil that would have ])roduce
grass, and that the plaster furnished an ingn!
dient which had been lacking for the growt
of clover. The writer has no disposition tospeci
late upon matters such as these. The singli
actuating motive is that we who are readers (
The Friend may appreciate the Creator's fori;
sight and goodness in his formation of the work'
In the year 1836, having occasion severs!
times to cross and recross the State of Ne 1
Jersey from Camden to Egg Harbor by privali
conveyance, there being no railroads, we trai'
ersed extensive pine forests, then being gradi
ally cut down for fuel in the glass works (
Waterford and Winslow and for the iron worli
at Weymouth. Now, in travelling through th^
same region many times by different railroad]
the pine forests are chiefly gone, and man'
thousands of acres of the land are covere
mostly by a slow growth of oak bushes an!
small trees — many acorns on many of them-
but that there were any acorns among tl'
stumps of the pine trees is extremely doubtfu
for the ground had been for many years we
carpeted with the fallen foliage of pine.
On the hill road leading from the village (]
Sereno to Greenwood Meeting, Penna., wheij
the road circles round the breast of a uobli
hill overlooking the western end of beautifi
Greenwood Valley, a district of country verj
familiar to the writer, and in which hickor
timber is quite rare, there was observed in ti
year 1864, on the south side of the road i
the second growth of the forest, a little grov
perhaps about an acre, of young hickory tree
appearing to have grown there on the remov:
of the original pines and hemlocks. On visi
ing the neighborhood and passing several tira<j
along that road in the year of 1895, severij
stumps of the hickories were seen while th;
bright, glossy foliage still adorned many r
maining trees of the grove. To bring to vie
this primeval preparation of the soil of tl:
world as tribute due to the bounty of the Crei
Fourth Mo. 24, 1897
THE FRIEND.
315
tor, this article ar.d tiiat fiirnislied by nie to
The Fkiicnd of Third Month 2Uth have been
prepared.
If the central idea thus presented were be-
lieved iu bj scientific writers on botanicvl sub-
jects, if proofs from nature were given their
tightful place, science could not suffer thereby.
■^ belief in God as the Creator of all, would be
Postered by the invaluable aids of science. Sci-
iutifio pursuits would be enriched and made
iiore attractive by the recognition of the facts
ind adornments which are due to God's presci-
ence only. If science says that nuts and grains
ind seeds are indispensable to vegetable growth,
ind facts to the contrary show themselves on so
arge a scale, a gate leading to infidelity is
hrown open. Think for a moment of those
•oany, many pastures, springing up iramedi-
•tely upon the removal of dense, overshadow-
ng forests. Think of " Eden's first bloom," and
^e may see in the case of the earth thrown up
roni tiie Kansas well and similar cases without
umber, an original preparation in the soil for
be growth of vegetation designed and calcu-
ited to bring forth herb yielding seed after its
ind, and although long deeply buried from the
jrface, shows when brought to the surface, how
ilie earth was clothed when " God first saw and
lid that it was good."' E. R.
;. Brief Memoir of tlie Life of Aaron K. Owen.
i (Concluded from page o07.)
! But now the time of trial came iu which he
I'as to manifest his allegiance by sacrifice, and
13 no sacrifice is pleasing to the Lord but that
This own choosing and preparing, so it was
ecessary for him to evince his fidelity to his
-od by obedience to his holy requisitions in-
ardly revealed, which revelation of the Divine
ill entirely agreed with the terms of disciple-
lip laid down in the New Testament, "If any
lan will come after me, let him deny himself,
ad take up his cross and follow me." The
■•OSS of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ,
pre spoken of, not being an outward sign, but
iward and spiritual in its nature, crucifying
leevil propensities of the heart, and changing
le afiections and desires, necessarily produces
corresponding exterior alteration in conduct
3d conversation ; and it is nothing new for
JOse who have in good measure come thus tar
I the experimental knowledge of the work of
iligiou, to feel it required of them to bear a
ractical testimony against the corrupt customs
id fashions of the world, which, however in-
jcently or inconsiderately they may seem to
i practised by some, evidently have their ori-
Q in pride and self love ; and he appears to
ive faithfully complied with whatever of this
iture was disclosed to his understanding, and
on found the precious principles and testimo-
es of that people, whom of all others he had
lately despised, were become his own, not by
oitation but from conviction.
If he had been hitherto more remarkable for
le thing more than another, it was for his love
music and passing much of his time in sing-
g, which was so natural and easy to him,
at he is said to have been on that account
favorite among his companions ; but when
s mind was brought under religious exercise
is became a trouble to him, which he first
anifested by remarking to our dear mother,
at he should never sing or whistle any more.
ais resolution was thought to be a rash one,
id doubts were expressed of the possibility of
s adhering to it, and suddenly discontinuing
actices which had become so very habitual ;
but he was never again known to be occupied
with these diversions, which he ever afterwards
considered were calculaterl to dissipate serious
reflection. In this we may observe that al-
though " It is not in man that walketh to direct
his steps," yet as he is concerned rightly to seek
for strength to overcome whatever is displeas-
ing in the Divine sight, he will find to his com-
fort that the Lord never requires impossibilities
of his finite creatures.
He was received a member of the Society of
Friends about the twenty-second year of his
age, having previously conformed to their Chris-
tian practices in every particular, and become
an example of simplicity and plainness, that
some, who had the advantages of a guarded re-
ligious education, would have done well to have
considered. It was now his careful concern to
live answerable to his profession, and although
he had much in his nature that was opposed to
a life of self-denial, and doubtless many secret
trials and temptations to contend with, yet,
from the testimony of others, and my own knowl-
edge of him, I think it may be safely said that
he was preserved from ever bringing a reproach
upon the blessed cause which he had espoused,
and which became as he advanced in years
increasingly dear to him. While clothed with
charity for those who differed from him in mat-
ters of faith, he viewed the Society of which he
was a member as a people whom the Lord had
chosen above all the families of the earth to
place his name among, and had bestowed upon
them an excellent system of church government,
a favor which he considered was not to be lightly
esteemed, sometimes saying that the beautiful
order of our meetings for discipline could not
be found in any other religious organization.
Much might besaidof the virtues that adorned
the remainder of his life, but desiring to avoid
anything like eulogy, that not being the object
of this little sketch, I shall confine my descrip-
tion of his Christian character to a few such
particulars as seem necessary to the present
[lurpose. In word and conversation he was an
example of believers, being redeemed from sin-
ful language, and very free from levity or trif-
ling expressions, yet his uniform gravity was
so combined with an openness of manner and
manifest desire for the well being of others, as
made him both a pleasant and instructive com-
panion ; so true it is, that God giveth grace to
the humble and withholdeth no good thing from
them that walk uprightly. He was frequent in
perusing the Holy Scriptures, of which he signi-
fied his belief that no part of their sacred con-
tents, however unmeaning to the unassisted com-
prehension of man, was without instructiou,
when rightly understood. He was a zealous pro-
moter of good order and harmony in his own
family and in the church, and so far as his in-
fluence extended, in community at large; and
having known the subjection of his own spirit,
he was the better qualified to feel for the frail-
ties of others ; remarkable for his willingness
to serve his fellow creatures in any way that did
not conflict with his religious principles, and in
this showing no respect of persons, for the bro-
ther or sister of low degree found in him a sym-
pathizing friend, as well as those deemed more
liighly favored.
Having had large opportunity of witnessing
the demoralizing effect of spirituous liquors as
a beverage, he manifested a concern for those
who were exposed to this temptation, and was
not backward when suitable opportunities of-
fered,in warning such individuals of the danger
of acquiring an appetite for strong drink. So
conscientiou-ly desirous he was of being clear
himself of contributing to this great evil, that
he refused to dis[)os(; of grain to any agency
by whom he believed that it would either di-
rectly or indirectly be conveyed to such pur-
jioses.
Being one that was disposed to gain instruc-
tion from surrounding circumstances, he would
not unfreqiiently perceive something providen-
tial in sucii things as the casual observer might
consider but common or natural occurrences ;
and I feel inclined to record one circumstance
which he was several times heard to relate, as
follows: One First-day, not far from his own
home, he found a man engaged by the roadside
at mechanical labor, who evidently felt uneasi-
ness with the manner in which he was spending
the day, and endeavored to make some apology
for it, which is all that can now be distinctly
remembered of the conversation that passed
between them. It was, however, such an oppor-
tunity as our dear parent was likely to improve
by counselling others to attend to the reproofs
of instruction. About a week after being that
way again, he was surpri.sed to observe that a
tree had fallen across his neighbor's ill-timed
work and destroyed it ; and although this might
have happened under different circumstances,
yet at this time he believed that it was per-
mitted as a mark of Divine displeasure. Here
it may be well to mention, for the information
of strangers to our religious principles, that
these reflections did not arise from a belief that
the First-day of the week was better or more
holy than the other six ; or that it is, as the
Seventh-day formerly was, a figure of the Chris-
tian's rest, which is a spiritual sabbath, and not
to be represented by days and times under the
Gospel dispensation ; but with his brethren gen-
erally in religious profession, he believed it to
be a duty incumbent upon all to devote one day
in the week more particularly to religious pur-
poses, thus aflbrding a universal opportunity
for the public worship of Almighty God, and
also for such .seasons of retirement for medita-
tion, profitable reading, etc., as are always, when
rightly improved, found conducive to a growth
in religion; and that nothing but unavoidable
or urgent necessity should prevent the reasona-
ble observance of it according to the example
of the primitive Christians.
Having thus briefly expressed what was on
my mind respecting a parent whose example and
counsel in times past, his children have great
reason to have in remembrance, I believe that
little more need be added, except mentioning
his sudden removal from this world, which took
place the sixteenth of Fifth Month, 1847, after
an illness of eleven days. His conduct during
his sickness, which was attended with unfavora-
ble symptoms almost from the firet, was such
as would be expected of one whose hope and
confidence were placed upon that never-failing
Arm of power that can support in every time
of trial. He spoke of the great peace and quiet-
ness that he felt, and at one time repeated, " To
him that overcoraeth will I give to eat of the
hidden manna, and will give him a white stone
and in the stone a new name written which no
man knoweth, saving he that receiveth it," ad-
ding, " If we are faithful we shall all have an
evidence of this white stone in our own breasts."
He did not manifest on his own account any
concern about his recovery, saying he had no
doubt but all would terminate for the best; his
great desire seeming to be for patience to bear
bis sufferings, which was mercifully granted.
His age at The time of his death was fifty-three
316
THE FRIEND.
Fourth Mo. 24, 1897
years. He belonged to Hector Monthly Meeting
of Friends and had been for sixteen years in
the station of an elder.
In conclusion, " If there be any virtue, and if
there be any praise, think on these things."
For "THE Friend."
How the Ointment was Spoiled.
" Dead flies cause the ointmeut of the apothe-
cary to send forth a stinking savor ; so doth a
little folly him that is in reputation for wisdom
and honor" (Eccl. x : i). Very true this. And
the more " dead flies," the worse the savor of
the ointment, and the more it bespeaks un-
watchfulness on the part of the apothecary. If
he had cared as he should have done for his
own reputation, and for the honor of his calling
and the purity of iiis ointment, he would have
kept the flies out of it. And who that saw his
ill savored ointment but what might feel dis-
gusted, not only at him, but it would make them
appreciate less, or be disposed to doubt the purity
of any ointment he might offer to the people ;
thus a few dead flies might be the means of
bringing himself and all of his ointment into
disrepute. And so if a " little folly " gives an
" ill " savor to one who is in reputation for wis-
dom and honor," the more folly he displays the
worse his savor, and the more his reputation is
endangered, and any good cause he may be en-
gaged in suffer loss.
These thoughts have presented to the writer's
mind in reflecting upon some of the " Reminis-
cences ". in No. 30 of the present volume of
The Friend, as well as some in the last num-
ber. I could wish that such reminiscences, of
those who in their day were worthy of the esteem
in which they were held for the gifts bestowed
on them, which are without even a moral in
them, much less anything whatever to the credit
of the cause of Christ, might be relegated to ob-
livion. They only show that the individual still
had considerable of the dregs of the old corrupt
nature in him — dead flies in ointment that ought
to have been kept pure.
John Salkeld was no doubt highly favored in
the ministry in his day, and tradition tells, I
think, of his suffering much remorse at times
irom letting his jovial nature spoil the savor of
the ointment. We may hope that he suftered
the ministration of condemnation to have its
due place in his mind for proposing to race his
horse with that of his companion as they were
returning from a religious vkit, and also for ad-
ding by his wit to the rairlh of the company of
" military oflicers." But why are these things
handed down to posterity ? True cheerfulness is
befitting the Christian life, but the natural levity
of bur dispositions needs to be kept in check,
and not encouraged by the keeping in memory
the failings on that point of some who have gone
before us who were honored of the Master, by
bestowing on them his precious gifts. Let none
of us, who believe we are called to the same
great work, or let the calling be what it may,
for we all have a calling, if it only be to watch
and be sober, think because such favored ones
took such liberties in their day, so may we ; but
let it be our concern at all times, and especially
so, after we have been engaged in the exercise
of our gifts and our spirits feel light and easy,
to heed well the injunction of Him who hath
bestowed the gift, " What I say unto one, I say
unto all. Watch."
Let no one understand me as wanting to
bring any shade upon tiie memory of those who
were no doubt favored instruments in their day,
but favored as Mahlou Hockett was with pro-
phetic vision, and enabled under the true an-
oiutioK to divide the word aright according to
the difl'erent states of his hearers, yet if the Gos-
pel message to those " hypocrites" at " Sandy
Spring Meeting " alluded to in last number of
The Friend was, as he delivered it, it was for
them, and would it not have been better for the
cause of Truth, it had stopped there, and not
been handed down to posterity ?
T. H. W.
Third Month 29th.
•WHERE'S MOTHER?"
Bursting in from school or play,
This is what the children say;
Trooping, crowding, big and small,
On the threshold, in the hall-
Joining in the constant cry.
Ever as the days go by,
" Where's mother?"
From the weary bed of pain
This same question comes again ;
From the boy with sparkling eyes,
Bearing home his earliest prize ;
From the bronzed and bearded son,
Perils past and honors won —
'■ Where's mother?"
Burdened with a lonely task,
One day we may vainly ask
For the comfort of her face.
For the rest of her embrace
Let ns love her while we may.
Well for us that we can say,
" Where's mother?"
Mother with untiring hands
At the post of duty stands,
Patient, seeking not her own,
An.^ious for the good alone
Of the children as they cry,
Ever as the days go by,
" Where's mother?"
— Ooocl Housekeeping.
A ■WORKER'S PRAYER.
Lord, speak to nie, that I may speak
In living echoes of thy tone ;
As Thou hast sought, so let me seek
Thy erring children, lost and lone.
O lead me, Lord, that I may lead
The wand'ring and the wav'ring feet ;
O feed me, Lord, that I may feed
Thy hung'ring ones with manna sweet.
0 strengthen me, that while I stand
Firm on the rock and strong in thee,
1 may stretch out a loving hand
To wrestlers on the troubled sea.
O teach me Lord, that I may teach
The precious things Thou dost impart ;
And wing my words, that they may reach
The hidden depths of many a heart.
O give Thine own sweet rest to me,
That I may speak with soothing power
A word in season, as from Thee
To weary ones in needful hour.
O, fill me with thy fulness. Lord,
Until my very heart o'erflow
In kindling thought and glowing word
Thy love to tell, thy praise to show.
O, use me, Lord, use even me
Just as Thou wilt, and when and where.
Until Thy blessed face I see
Thy rest, Thy joy, Thy glory share.
It would set all right in England if, througl
Divine grace, "Thou God seest me," were con
stantly before the eye of every man's mind.—
C. H. Spurgeon.
A Visit to Florida.
(Concluded from page SOS.)
The Ocklawaha is one of the crookedest ot
Florida's many crooked rivers, having, by ac-
tual count, nine hundred and seventy-six turns
on the part traversed by these steamers. Navi-
gation becomes quite an art in such a narrow
and crooked stream, full of double curves and
with a swift current, and the boat was con-
stantly slowing up and starting ahead again
and brushing the branches of the trees in its
endeavor to get around the curves without run
ning aground. So we steamed on hour aftei
hour through the cypress forests and swamps
with occasionally a clearing and a few signs o:
life; and when darkness overtook us, and th(
pitch pine fire was lighted on top of the piloi
house to enable them to see to steer, the scent
was weird in the extreme.
Morning found us at Palatka, where we tool
the East Coast Railway to Rockledge, a pretti
point on the Indian River, one hundred anc
seventy-five miles south of Jacksonville. Thi
Indian River, so called, is really an inlet fron
the sea, which extends parallel with the oceai
for about one hundred and fifty miles, and sep
arated from it by a narrow strip of land. I
varies in width from one to six miles, and befon
the advent of the railway, was an importan
means of communication between Central anc
lower Florida. At Rockledge the shore is i
rocky formation called coquina, which is a sof
stone composed of the shells of small mollusk
and sand. It crumbles easily, and while hardh
suitable for building purposes, makes a mos
excellent roadway. We were now below th-
region of pines, only a few being seen. The vege
tation is largely the cabbage palmetto, so naraei
because the central bud, after the fibrous par
is taken off of it, is eaten by the natives, as w
eat cabbage. At Rockledge we saw orang,
groves, with the ripe fruit upon the trees. W
also experienced the genial balm of the winte
climate, the thermometer several times going a
high as eighty in the middle of the day ; raak
ing it feel as it does here in the Sixth Month
and enabling us to spend all our time out o
doors.
After a charming week spent here, we re
traced our steps along the coast to the ancien
city of St. Augustine, which is one of the oldes
places in the country, having been founded b;
the Spaniards in 1565. In walking through th
narrow streets, we see many evidences of the oV
time days when no wheeled vehicles were ai'
lowed in them, and the ways were kept so clear '
that the Spanish maidens need not soil thei
slippers. The streets in the old parts of th '
city are not more than fifteen feet wide, mostl
without sidewalks and generally paved witl
coquina blocks. The old fashioned house, wit!'
its overhanging balcony, is quite often in ev:.
dence. At the southern end of the town,th|
ancient building used by the monks is now o(i
cupied by a detachment of U. S. soldiers ; whil
at the northern end stands the old Fort Marior
a relic of the Middle Ages. This was built c
coquiua stone, which was unusually suitable fo
this purpose, for the cannon balls would sin
into the walls without shattering them. Ther
was also a moat surrounding the fort, and withi
this enclosure doubtless many dark deeds wer
done. A short distance west of the fort stand
the old city gate, all that is now preserved c
the wall which formerly surrounded the city o
three sides, the sea being on the other. Thi
gateway looks somewhat shabby and insignif
cant to our modern eyes ; but in those troubloi
Fourth Mo. 24, 1897
THE FRIEND.
317
times it was the connection between city
country, and was caret'iilly guarded and closed
it sundown for the night. The western half of
3t. Augustine is laid out with wider streets, and
a&a some tine buildings, including the Ponce de
Leon Hotel, which is one of the largest and
finest in the United States. It is built in the
Spanish style of architecture, facing a square,
lud with a large courtyard. The interior fin
s considered very fine ; the pillars that support
he rotunda are of quartered oak, and the wain
[coting at the approach to the dining room ii
j»f numidian marble. We also noticed in the
principal parlor, a mantel in Mexican onyx.
jChe furniture and decorations are equally ele-
gant and expensive, but all in good taste, simply
ihowing the power of wealth to provide such
ihings. It is hard to realize that this building
js really a hotel, as it seemed more like some
palatial private residence, ot which the public
re allowed to catch a glimpse. Those who
lave accumulated wealth seem to have various
pys of spending it. The Ponce de Leon hotel,
tfith its companions, the Alcazar and the Cor-
ova, were erected by Henry M. Flagley, a
/ealthy New Yorker, who loves fine architec-
iire, and has the means to gratify his tastes.
Ve were told that he did not expect these ira-
aense buildings to pay from a money point of
liew, but that he felt amply repaid for the
jleasure he got out of them.
I The same person has built a railroad from
acksouville, down along the East coast of the
Itate, as far probably as it is possible to go
[ith it, opening up considerable new country
f)r settlement, and rendering it more attractive
)) the tourist. He has also erected large hotels
It several places.
After a few days pleasantly spent in St. Au-
ustine, enjoying the sights above named, we
ime north by way of the Southern Railway,
'hich after skirting the coast line of Georgia,
JDS through the central part of the Carolinas
]d Virginia.
A twenty-four hours' ride brought us to Wash-
igton, where two days were passed in visiting
18 prominent points of interest ; after which we
:turned home well pleased with our outing,
Jt more than ever satisfied that a kindly Provi-
nce had placed our lot near the staid Quak-
lly city of Philadelphia and its beautiful sur-
lundings. E. L. South.
Jules Delafosse, a member of the French
namber of Deputies has recently expressed his
isapproval of the system in the most vigorous
■rms. He says :
"I consider obligatory military service, such
■■; we have conceived and practised (in France),
\e most pernicious agent of social demoraliza-
fm and national dissolution that exists in the
^)rld. I have the well-considered conviction
lat if we permit it to continue for twenty years
nger the ravages it has already commenced,
tere will then be no longer either society or
:my, there will only be a disintegrated mass
' people without bond of union, without dis-
oline, and without cohesion.
Military service, as at present constituted,
S)arates thousands of young men from the
cure where they have grown up, the careers
tjy have commenced, and the simple and up-
r:ht lives which they ought to follow, and
^len, after three years of this alienation, it
?'es them back to civil life, they turn to it no
liger. Many of them have become accus-
tned to the life of towns, and many wish to
•"uaiu in the cities, and do remain, becoming
woiknien without work, needy without employ
nieiit,disriinteiited and unclas?ed. The dcstruc
tion of equilibrium appears to me a great danger
of the present day, and I do not hesitate to say
that I consider obligatory military service as
one of the most powerful agents for recruiting
the ranks of revolutionary Socialism." — Late
Paper.
Waiting Room, Cologne Station.
10 p. jr., Third Month tllh, l.S'.i
On Third-day I had my last lesson and
brought all my winter's work to a close, and it
was not until Fourth-day morning that I thought
about packing. That was no light task, as I
left nothing out that A. would not absolutely
need, and though it had all along seemed to me
that I had very few possessions I soon discov-
ered that in this respect I had made a grand
mistake. However, by eight o'clock the last
trunk was locked and I was ready to go down
and take tea with the director's family as I had
been invited to spend the last evening with
them. I was rather too tired to feel very socia-
ble and glad enough when some one remarked
that in view of the trip to morrow I might be
excused.
It was 9.10 this a. m. when the train pulled
out of Gdttingen station. I watched as long as
I could see the handkerchiefs that were waving
for me on the platform, and then settled back
into my seat and meditated upon the mystery
of life and the sadness that comes over one at
parting. It seemed impossible to realize that
my winter at Gottingen was at an end — it had
gone like a dream and yet I had at the same
time the sensation of scarcely being able to re-
member when I came — I had become so used
to the life and people. Yes, it has been a de-
lightful winter, and though I have lived with-
drawn from all social life, I have formed among
the few with whom I have been constantly
thrown, very warm attachments. Of course I
return in the summer, but that will only be as
it were for a moment, my life there is at an end.
I watched the towers of the town as long as
they were visible and felt a real home-sick pang
as I realized they were entirely gone out of
sight.
The country through which I have passed
today is very hilly and in summer must be
beautiful. I had half an hour's wait at Cassel,
which is a most charming little city and pos-
sesses many objects of interest. Williams-hilhe
is the name of a very beautiful castle where the
Emperor and his family spend several weeks
every summer. From Cassel nearly all the way
here I had very agreeable company.
Here I am at last in Paris. I reached the
Gare du Nord on Sixth day at 8.30 A. m., and
now it is 10, and I have the sensation of being
already quite at home; " chez moi " as the
French say. I had not a moment's difiiculty
at the depot, the custom house officer looked
about a little in my trunk to see if I had any
cigars or cigarettes. On finding none he handed
my belongings over to a porter who put me in
a cab and in about fifteen minutes I was stand-
ing at the door of 62 Rue Le Mercier, wonder-
ing what sort of a reception I should find. In
a few minutes madame Hammey herself opened
the door and in the most charming way in the
world made me feel at once at home. My friend
had lived with her over a year, and knows her
to be good and kind as she is cordial. Though
quite advanced in years she flits about as though
she might be eighteen, and in less than ten min-
utes I had been introduced into everv corner
of the hou>c as well as the garden, and to the
serene little maiden Amcli, wh.j seems to look
after the house in general. 1 was quite ready
for the cup of warm coffee that was served for
me as I came from the t(jur of inspection. While
I drank, my new hoste&s entertained me with
all sorts of details, and after I was through the
two insisted upon putting me to bed, with a
bottle of hot water at my feet, but I resisted.
Very nearly every other word is "ma petite
niignoune" (my little darling) or "ma cheri
enfant" (my dear child), after the effusive
French manner.
I have a charming room looking out on the
garden, and now that I have put my things to
rights and set up a few photographs which I
brought along, it seems the most natural thing
in the world to be in Paris, and to have my feet
upon a "chautterette" (chafing-dish) and all my
things stowed away in the walls. I haven't half
discovered the resources of these walls yet, only
I see on all sides lines where the jjaper don't
quite match and I know that means a door
opening into some mysterious depth. But what
pleased me most on coming into the breakfast
room this a. m. was to find some letters there,
and one from Aunty telling all sorts of news.
My intention was the moment I had finished
my breakfast to take a walk, getting places
somewhat located, but as I passed a very un-
comfortable night — almost without sleep— and
had succeeded in getting neuralgia in my face,
I concluded it would be wiser to write a little
now and wait until after " dejeuner," which is
served at twelve, for my walk.
Evening. — Vou will want to know my first
impressions of Paris I am very sure, and so I
will give them, warning you beforehand that I
was in a mental and physical condition this
afternoon that permitted only purely physical
sensations. Xothing which I saw suggested
any thoughts or emotions, but now for the sen-
sations :
Nothing can be conceived that is more gor-
geous than the French woman's hat.
That Paris is the cleanest city in the world,
and the most beautiful.
That the French cabs and omnibuses are
driven very fast, without the slightest regard
for the safety of pedestrians and that their name
is legion.
That the French language of the shops is
different from that of the lecture room and not
so easy to understand.
Farther than this all other sensations were
swallowed up in the one of being intensely tired
and sleepy, so that after having walked about
for four hours, I put in the two remaining ones
before dinner in a sound sleep. To-morrow I
hope to have more intelligent impressions to
communicate.
Evening of the 13th.— To day I found my-
self sufficiently awake to comprehend a little of
what I saw, so I will proceed to give you ray
impressions of the second day in Paris. It was
raining this morning as I awoke, and since I
am here much more for the language than for
sight-seeing, I settled myself very comfortably
at my writing table, and as soon as I had fin-
ished ray dejeuner, which was brought rae at
half-past seven, I got out my French grammar
and went to work as tranquilly as though beau-
tiful Paris was as far away as she was a week
go. About ten, Madame H. appeared to in-
quire how I had passed the night, and to talk
over the lessons that she is to give me. My
friend had repeatedly told me that in all her
two years of experience in Paris she had never
318
THE FRIEND.
Fourth Mo. 24, 1897
found an_v one to compare with Madame H. as
teacher, and besides, she corrects constantly,
which is very rare. There is nothing in the
world stupider than to correct, and very few
persons have the tact of doing it well. One
follows the thought and if that is at all clearly
expressed, the form is let go ; this is quite nat-
ural, and otherwise conversation cannot be car-
ried on. But with Madame H. the case is en-
tirely reversed, she allows nothing to pass, and
objects extremely to my " talking fluently,"
which is my great trouble. She told me yes-
terday that she had given about ninety thous-
and lessons in her life, which sounds a rather
large number, but is probably correct. I shall
make the best possible use of her qualities as
teacher and only incidentally go sight-seeing.
She gave me such an amount of work for my
first lesson that it is only by way of a little
recreation that I write now.
This afternoon I attended my first lecture at
the College de France. Madame H. was kind
enough to bring me to the lecture room and
give me information on various points. Rue
Lemercier is in an entirely difierent part of
Paris than the University, but in three minutes
one can reach the omnibus line that brings one
very near the latter place, for three sous (a sou
is five centimes or one cent of our money.) At
least it is three sous if one goes up on top on
the " imperiale" as they call it here, inside the
omnibus the price is double. They only stop
at definite stations, and between whiles one
must get on and off while in motion, although
they slacken up. I think this an excellent
practice, for the horses are spared the strain of
starting, and one learus very quickly to get on
and off without trouble.
The college de France dates back to Francis
I., to whom it owes its origin, although it has
been rebuilt and enlarged from time to time.
The lectures are open to the public entirely free.
I was interested in comparing what I saw
to-day with what I had become familiar with
in Giiltingen. The audience was made up of
men and women, many quite advanced in years,
and the women, almost without exception, looked
to belong to an entirely difierent class than the
gorgeously apparelled specimens ofthe sex whom
I met on the boulevards yesterday, and who
did not seem to have any higher ideas than
that of making themselves beautiful. The lec-
ture was one in the middle of a course on the
literature of the nineteenth century. I will
attend this course twice a week, and one on
history at the Sorbonne, which is in the same
street; more than this I do not think it wise
to undertake.
After the lecture was over I made my way
to the hotel de Cluny, which is one of the many
museums of Paris that one must see. The build-
ing is itself of intense interest, being built on
the site of an old Roman palace of the fourth
century, of which still a good deal is standing.
It is one of the best preserved and most elegant
gothic structures anywhere to be found. The
rooms are all devoted to collections of various
objects of interest, useful, religious and artistic,
all beautifully arranged. The part of the old
Roman palace which still stands, is also open
to visitors. I entered without any idea of where
I was going, and not knowing at the time its
historic im|)ortance, and it produced upon me
all the more a profound and remarkable im-
pression. The walls stand firmly as the ever-
lusting rocks themselves, and the main room
has a lieight of over twenty-five feet and meas-
ures sixty by thirty-six feet in length and
breadth. One can judge of the size of the
palace when one realizes that this immense
apartment was simply one of the baths. By
means of my Baedecker I found my way with-
out difficulty to the Pantheon, a most magnifi-
cent structure built upon the site of the tomb
of St. Genevieve, the patroness of Paris who
died 512, A. D.
Indescribably imposing and awe inspiring
is the interior of this magnificent temple. Upon
the walls are beautiful paintings, illustrating
scenes in the history of France, and especially
from the life of Saint Genevieve. In the vaults
repose many of the noted men of France. From
the Pantheon it is but a short walk to the Pal-
ace of the Luxembourg, which is now used as
the place of sitting of the Senate of France.
It was by this time too late to visit the gallery
of modern painters there, so after a short walk
through the " Jardin de Luzembourg" I re-
turned to the point where I could take the
omnibus, once more climbing up to the "impe-
riale." I was brought, in about three-quarters
of an hour, back to the quiet little street which
I now call " chez-moi." I was very glad an
hour later when mademoiselle Eline came to
tell me dinner was ready.
Third-day. — To-morrow the American mail
goes out, so in order to finish several letters
which are begun, I have resisted the temptation
of going to a lecture this afternoon. Yesterday
I started at one o'clock for the Sorbonne, which
is, I think I have already mentioned, an hour
by omnibus from here. About three minutes
before stopping at the palace of the Luxembourg
it began to rain very severely, so that in the
few minutes walk from that place to the Uni-
versity, I was quite wet. I had very little
knowledge of where I was going, but seeing a
good many people streaming into a side entrance
I followed, glad enough to get shelter from the
rain. We soon entered a large hall, which be-
longs to the old building. I walked down to
the front and took my seat very near the chair.
The professor is one very popular and the hall
was soon crowded. Just before the lecture be-
gins the janitor comes in and places a water
bottle and a glass containing sugar and a spoon
upon the table, at least this has happened at
all lectures which I have attended thus far.
The professor's name is M. de Julleville, and
the subject, literature of the fifteenth century.
One thing that amused me was that though the
hall was half full of women, he addressed the
men only, saying " messieurs" instead of" mes-
dames et messieurs," as the others had done.
When I related this at the table in the evening,
inadame H. laughed, and said he was one who
objected to women studying with men. There
is, however, no restriction placed upon the
women, and M. de Jullevilie's ignoring of them
does not seem to frighten them away.
After the lecture I followed the crowd again
and coming round to the front of the building,
entered the magnificent new hall, and came
soon into a large and beautiful room, where I
again took a seat near the professor's chair. I
had no idea what the lecture would be upon,
so waited in patience to see. I have not yet
discovered the name of the course, but the sub-
ject of the day was explaining the rules and
regulations of "the Society of Beggars at Rome.
It was highly entertaining and at the same time
revolting to think of how the public is imposed
upon by these wretclies.
From the Sorbonne I made my way by the
Rue St. Michael to the Seine. By this time
the sun was shining brightly and illuminating
with a rich, golden light the glorious front of
Kotre Dame, which appeared a little to the
right. I stood spell-bound for awhile contem-
plating its marvellous lace-like efieet, and then
turned to walk up the river. My object in com-
ing this way was to visit the " bouquinistes" of
the Seine. All along the south shore of the
river the stone wall which borders the quays
is surmounted by rows of zinc covered boxes.
in which all sorts of trash, principally books,
is exposed for sale. I had been told on no ac-
count to miss the bouquinistes, as that was some-
thing quite Parisian. The price of the books
range from five centimes up. In the course o(
a walk of a mile I succeeded in finding three
books that I wanted in sufficiently good con-
dition to buy. The greater part, however were
not even inviting to look at much less to touch
This morning I had a pleasant walk between
my lesson and "dejeuner." I looked up th(
course on the plan of Paris, and then startec
out for the "Place de I'Etoile," the handsora
est part of Paris, visiting on the way the Pari
de Monceaux. The latter is an exquisite bit o
landscape, surrounded by handsome residence
in the midst of the city. La place de I'Etoih
is an immense circular space, in the centre o
which stands the magnificent Arch de Tri
omphe of Napoleon, the most stupendous monu
ment of the kind in the world. The Champ.
Elysees extends from it to the Place de la Con
corde, beyond which is the garden of the Tuil
leries, and still beyond is the Louvres. Stand
ing under the arch one looks down this mos
wonderful and most beautiful avenue in thi
world, with the Seine on one side and the tower
of Notre Dame in the distance. In the earl;
spring it must present indeed a scene of perfec
enchantment. E. S. K.
Natural History, Science, etc.
Animal Toilette. — Birds are very particula
about the quality of their toilette-dust, ani
equally nice as to the water in which they prefe
to wash. Some use water only, some water o
dust, others dust and no water. Partridges ar
a good example of the dusting birds, and ar
most careful in the selection of their dust-bathi
Dry loam suits them best. But perhaps thei
favorite place is a meadow where a few turl
have been removed. There they scratch out th
loam, and shuffle backwards under the grae
roots till their feathers are full of the coi
earth. In wet weather they find, if possible,
heap of burnt ashes on the site of a weed fin
and dust there. Sparrows, on the contrary, a
ways choose road-dust, the driest and fine:
po.=sible. Larks also are fond of the road an
dust there in the early morning. But they, toi
have their fancy, and choose the dry, gritt
part, where the horses' hoofs tread.
Wild ducks, though feeding by the salt wate
prefer to wash in fresh water pools, where the
prim and wash themselves in the early mori
ing. But though passing so much time on tl
water, ducks seem to prefer a shower-bath
any other ; and in heavy rain they may be see
opening their feathers and allowing the rain
soak in, after which they dress the whole su
face v/ith oil from the reservoir which natu
has furnished.
Swallows and martins are as nice in the
choice of bath water as any professional beau
nothing but newly fallen rain water thorough
pleases them, and if tempted to bathe, it is ge
erally by some shallow pool in the road, whi'
an hour's sun will evaporate.
One small spaniel which we allowed to li
rourtb Mo. 24, 1S97
THE FRIEND.
319
n the house was well aware that if he returned
iirty, he would not be admitted iuduors. About
iin hour before the close of the day's shooting,
lie used to strike work and begin to clean him-
elf; and if urged to do more, would slip off
lonieand present himself neat and clean in the
Jiniugroom. One day the dog had been left at
lonie, and his master returned and seated him-
elf wet and with half frozen drops of ice stick-
ng to his gaiters, by the fire. "Pan" ran up
nd carefully licked off the frozen ice and snow,
topi)ing every now and then to give an anxious
ook, which said as plainly as possible : " Dear
ne, if I don't get him clean quickly, he will be
[ent to lie in the stable."
Animals' Beds. — The sight of the prairie-dogs
laking up their beds on winter afternoons, is
lie funniest scene in the Zoo. There are several
;ts of these genial little fellows in the gardens,
iTO or three in a cage, each of which is supplied
■ith a sleeping-box in one corner, while every
ther day a few handfuls of fresh straw are put
'i. In the morning, the prairie-dogs carry every
it of their last night's bed out of the box, and
irow it out into the cage. They then eat their
reakfast, and spend the day in playing about,
aring visitors out of countenance, cramming
ing pieces of straw into their mouths and
3uches, and nibbling carrots.
[ About three o'clock, when the days are short,
ley suddenly recollect that they have not made
leir beds, and at once set to work in a hurry
< get it done before dark. As the closing-bell
ngs at dusk, and that is the moment in which
w prairie-dogs earnestly desire to be in bed, it
most seems to anyone who watches thera,as if
ey knew the time, and were waiting for the
irfew before turning in. But bed-making with
em is a very serious matter. Common straw,
[■agged in just as it is, does not suit them at
1. It has all to be cut up to a certain length,
id then carried in in bundles and " made up "
side. Each prairie-dog sits up on end, and
ams straw into its mouth in a most dreadful
irry, holding the straws across and breaking
em off on each side with its paws, exactly as
id sewing-maids indulge in the bad habit of
eaking cotton with their teeth. As soon as
e prairie-dog has filled its mouth till it cannot
lid any more, it drops on all fours and gal-
Jps off into the sleeping box, arranges the cut
i'"aw, and rushes out again for a fresh supply.
THE FRIEND.
FOURTH MONTH 24, 1897.
PHILADELPHIA YEARLY MEETING.
This body may be regarded as commencing
i sessions with the meeting of the Yearly Meet-
ly of Ministers and Elders on Seventh-day, the
S'enteeuth of Fourth Month.
There were several strangers present, among
f'lers our friend Phebe R. GifFord, of Provi-
coce, Rhode Island, now aged about ninety-
fir.
During the time of waiting on the Lord,
^lich preceded the transaction of the business,
tire were several communications, and the
f'ling over the meeting was a comfortable one.
Last year a Committee was appointed to visit
siordinate Select Meetings. Their report was
a acceptable one. In it was extended a cau-
t n about such a study of the Scriptures, as
'uld lead any to trust "in the knowledge thus
0 ained, instead of depending on the opening
of the Spirit of Truth, whose revelations must
be ex])fiieuced to give a really valualile knowl-
edge of spiritual things. ^luch time was spent
in the consiiieration of this rejiort, and there
was a general unity of sentiment on the points
discussed. One Friend called attention to the
danger of views gradually creeping in, which
were opposed to the doctrine ever held by
Friends, of the Divinity of Christ.
After answering the first two Queries, the
meeting adjourned, feeling thankful for the
favors vouclisafed.
The Yearly Meeting for Business convened on
Second-day morning, the nineteenth of Fourth
Month. During the time of silence, there seemed
a solid covering over the assembly, and a con-
cern that the Head of the Church might pre-
side, and season the minds of those present so
as to qualify them for the right transaction of
the business to come before them. After the
opening business had been gone through with, a
Friend referred to the former practice of taking
up the epistles from other meetings at that time,
and, under a sense of duty, proposed the ap-
pointment of a Committee to consider the pro-
priety of preparing an epistle of brotherly love
to Ohio Yearly Meeting, with authority to pro-
duce such a document, if way should open to
prepare one. A considerable number of Friends
expressed their unity with the proposal. Another
Friend suggested that our Yearly Meeting pre-
pare a short loving address, to be sent to Friends
everywhere, encouraging an adherence to our
ancient priuciples. This met with a favorable
response, and both subjects were referred to the
same Committee.
A Committee was appointed on the Treas-
urer's account, and one to nominate a new com-
mittee to have charge of Westtown School. A
caution was given to this Committee to have
especial regard in the selection of a new com-
mittee to the religious qualifications of those
proposed, which, it was stated, were more im-
portant than the intellectual ability or ac(juire-
ments.
Bucks Quarterly Meeting, in view of the
much reduced number of their members, re-
quested the appointment of a Committee to be
incorporated with their meetings and to assist
them in deciding whether or not to give up their
Quarterly Meeting, and to be joined to another.
As this is a weighty subject, a few Friends were
named to nominate such a Committee.
A Committee was appointed to propose a
member of the Meeting for Sufferings in place
of .Joseph Rhoads, deceased.
A portion of the Minutes of the Meeting for
Sufferings was read.
Among the matters which had claimed the at-
tention of the Meeting for Sufferings during the
past year was the preparation and distribution
of an Appeal to our fellow-Christians on the
subject of war, and a protest against the in-
troduction of military drill into schools, and
the forming of what are termed " Boys' Bri-
gades." This appeal was mainly directed to tlie
professors of Christianity, and was enforced by
references to the teachings of Christ and his
Apostles, as well as by the predictions of the
ancient prophets, of the coming of a day when
wars should cease.
One hundred and ten thousand copies of this
Appeal had been printed, and they had been
sent to the ministers of various denominations,
to teachers and other classes of influential citi-
zens. Many replies had been received express-
ing sympathy with the objects of the Appeal
and offering aid in its distribution. In several
cases iii(|uiries were made as to the gent-ral
|)riiKii)les held by tlie Society of Friends, and
way was thus opened for the distribution of
books and tracts setting forth the Christian doc-
trines of our Society.
An edition of " Dy mond's Ei^says on the Prin-
ciplesof Morality" bad been published, abridged
by the omission of some part.s which were either
esjiecially adapted to England, or have been
rendered unnecessary by the changed conditions
of modern practice.
An edition had been printed of the Memorial
of Deborah B. Webb, of M. Brooks on " Silent
Waiting," of "Thirteenth Proposition of Bar-
clay's Apology," and "Memoirs of Stephen
Grellet."
The Treasurer of the Yearly Meeting had
received nine hundred and fifty dollars from a
bequest to the Meeting for Sufferings, left by
our late friend, Edward C. Jones, the interest
of which is to be used in publishing and circu-
lating the approved writings of our .Society.
During the year the following appropriations
had been made from the funds in the hands of
the Charleston Trustees: Da Morris Monthly
Meeting, Kansas, one hundred and twenty-five
dollars; Rich Square Monthly Meeting, North
Carolina, two hundred and fifty dollars.
A memorial to the Senate of the United States
in favor of ratifying the Treaty of Arbitration
between Great Britain and the United States,
had been prepared and forwarded.
Memorials for our decea.sed Friends, Rebecca
S. Conrad and Clarkson Sheppard, had been
examined and directed to be laid before the
Yearly Meeting.
In addition to the " Appeal on War," two
thousand nine hundred and twenty volumes and
two thousand two hundred and fifty-one pam-
phlets had been taken from the Book Store.
Third-day. The Representatives proposed that
Ephraim Smith be appointed as Clerk, and Jo-
seph L. Bailey as Assistant Clerk, tor the pres-
ent year, which was united with, and they were
appointed.
The Verbal Committee appointed yesterday
to examine two communications sent to the
Meeting reported that one of them was an epis-
tle from London Yearly Meeting, which they
suggested should be read, as a matter of informa-
tion and courtesy, with the distinct understand-
ing that it was not to be regarded as ofieuiuga
regular correspondence, or in any degree with-
drawing from the support of those principles
which we had heretofore maintained. TheClerk
was to convey the information of what had been
done, to the Clerk of London Yearly Meeting.
A suggestion was afterwards made that the
Clerk should sign his communication as Clerk,
thus giving it an official character, but it was
thought best not to go beyond the report of the
Committee.
After this matter was disposed of. the remain-
ing Minutes of the Meeting for Sufferings were
read. Their proceedings met with the approval
of the meeting. In con?iciering the report of the
Book Committee, some Friends spoke especially
on the value of two books they had issued dur-
ing the past year, " Stephen Grellet's Memoirs"
and "Jonathan Dyniond's Essays on the Princi-
ples of Morality." Friends were encouraged to
aid in the distribution of our approved writings.
After the disposal of this business, the first
three Queries were read and considered, and
then the Meeting adjourned.
We insert in the present number a communica-
tion from a well concerned Friend, who questions
32U
THE FRIEND.
Fourth Mo. ii, 189'
the propriety of admitting into The Friend an-
ecdotes respecting worthy servants of the Lord,
which indicate that they were at times off their
guard, and indulged in too much levity. We are
willing to take our share of the censure, and hope
in the future to be more guarded as to what is
admitted into our columns. For while we have
no controversy with innocent cheerfulness, and
do not doubt that some minds may draw in-
struction from funny anecdotes, there are others
who may so misuse such incidents as to encour-
age therein a degree of lightness inconsistent
with that watchfulness against evil which re-
ligion enjoins.
We have received several notices of meetings
of different sorts to be held during the week of
our Yearly Meeting, but for the reasons indicat-
ed in the "editorial of last week— especially the
disadvantage of having the interest of Friends
drawn away in part from the proper business of
the Yearly Meeting, we have believed it best to
decline publishing any of them.
S UMMARY 'of EVENTS.
United States. — It is stated that the commander
of the international fleets has received notice that the
United Stales does not recognize the existence of a
blockade of Crete.
A number of the Western Senators, representing
wonl-prodiicing Stales, have agreed upon amendments
which they will insist shall he made in the Dingley
Tariff bill. These relate chiefly to ihe " carpet wools,"
and increase the rates provided in the pending bill.
Twenty years ago a new postmaster in New York
oily would have the power to appoint 2,000 subor-
dinates, while now there are bul two positions not
covered by the Civil Service rules.
The New York Senate has passed the Greater New
York Charter bill over Mayor Strong's veto bv a vote
of 34 to 10.
The Stale of Maine has a Canadian French popula-
tion of 55,000.
Immense beds of paint rock have been discovered
near Augusta. Specimens have been sent to experts,
and have been pronounced of the best quality. The
beds are about fifteen miles from Augusta, and the
rock, which is of two colors — red and yellow — is found
in large quantities.
On the 18lh instant the Mississippi River at Vicks-
burg had fallen six-tenths of a foot in consequence of
a crevasse at Bigg's levee, and the greater part of the
southern section of Madison Parish, Louisiana, was
under water. The flood had then reached Tallalah,
eighteen miles west of Delta, and was rising a foot an
hour.
A despatch from New York city of the 20th instant
tays: "Tf>-day is a record breaker in two respects, ac-
cording to the official weather observer. It is the
coldest April 20lh on record, and is the first day on
record when we have had freezing temperature after
the 19th of the month."
The Public Ledger says editorially: "The reports
which come from the anthracite coal regions of this
Slate concerning the condition of the miners as it is
being revealed to a committee of ihe Legislature in-
dicate that it is most pitiful and deplorable. The en-
lire coal area appears to be overcrowded with cheap
labor, large numbers of the men tjeing able lo earn
scarcely enough to keep themselves and families from
starvation ; many of them are suffering from every
conceivable form of physical distress, and the prospect
of their being able lo improve their condition is al-
most hopelessly gloomy. . . They have in some
places, as appears by the testimony presented lo the
legislative committee, reiluied the' wage rate so low
thai it is scarcely sufficient to provide the necc'^saries
of decent, sanitary living. They herd in squalor, sub-
jects of abject penury, and are beset by disease, dirt
and hunger. The worst of it is thai the evil conse-
quences do not end wiili their distre.ss and suffering.
The low wage rate which these aliens have so gener-
ally introduced into the coal and iron industries of
the State is likely or certain lo become the popular
one unless immigration is re-strained from everywhere
overcrowding our labor market. No more conclusive
proofs of the need of reforming our immigration laws
are required than are to be found in the sworn st:ite-
menta and visible facts presented during the last few
davs lo the committee, showing the wretched condi-
tion of the foreigners herded like cattle in some of the
coal fields of Pennsylvania. That which has happened
in one or two of our industries is likely to happen in
others unless some restriction is provided against the
tide of foreign cheap labor which is steadily pouring
into our ports."
Deaths in this city last week numbered 419, which
is 66 less than the previous week, and 108 less than the
corresponding week of 1896. Of the foregoing, 220
were males and 199 females: 66 died of pneumonia;
43 of consumption ; 28 of heart disease ; 19 of bron-
chitis ; 19 of convulsions; 16 of marasmus; 16 of old
age; 15 of diphtheria; 14 of apoplexy; 13 of inflam-
mation of the brain ; 12 of nephritis ; 12 of whooping
cough ; 10 of cancer, and 9 of inflammation of the
stomach and bowels.
Markets, &C.—V. S.2's, 96i a 98 ; 4's, reg.. Ill a 1114 ;
coupon, 112.V a 113; new 4's, reg., 123^ a 123i ; cou-
pon, 124J a"l24|; 5's, reg., IISJ a 113|; coupon, 114
a 114i ; currency 6's, 104 a 107.
Cotton was steady at l^lc. per pound for middling
uplands, but spinners bought sparingly.
Feed.— Spot bran ranged from $14.00 to $15.75 per
ton for winter in bulk, and $13.00 a $13.50 for spring
in sacks.
Floor.— Winter super, $2.50 a $2.65; do., extras,
$2.75 a 53.00 ; Pennsylvania roller, clear, $3.75 a $4.00;
do., do., straight, $4.00 a $4.25 ; Western winter, clear,
$3.75 a $4.00; do., do., straight, $4.00 a $4.25; do.,
do., patent, $4.30 a $4.50 ; spring, clear, $3.40 a $3.50 ;
do., straight, $3.75 a $3.90 ; do., patent, $4.00 a $4.25 ;
do., favorite brands, higher. Citv mills, extra, $2 95
a $3.20; do., clear, $3.85 a $4.10: do., straight, $4.10
a $4.30 ; do., patent, $4.35 a $4.60. Rye Flour.—
$2.25 a $2.40 per bbl. as to quality.
Grain. — No. 2 red wheat, 87 a 87Jc.
No. 2 mixed corn, 27 a 27|c.
No. 3 white oats, 231 a 24c.
Beef Cattle. — Extra, 5J a 5ic.; good, 4|- a 5c.;
medium, 4J a 4Jc.; common, 4^ a 4|c.
Sheep and Lambs. — No wool sheep were on the
market: Extra clipped, 4J a 4Jc.; good, do., 4 a 4Jc.;
medium, do., oi a o!fC.; common, do., 3 a 3|c.; clipped
lambs, 4 a 5|c.
Hoos. — Best Western, 0 a 6Jc.; other Western, 5| a
6c.; State, 5J a 5|c.
Foreign. — A convention has been signed between
France and Brazil for the arbitration of the Guiana
boundary dispute.
Information has been received in Washington that
the President of the Swiss Republic has been selected
as arbitrator of the boundary dispute between Brazil
and French Guiana.
The financial delegate of the Russian Government
in Paris says that de Witte's financial policy is now
definitely accepted by Russia, which is irrevocably
committed to the gold standard.
The Evening News on the 14th instant published a
despatch from its special correspondent at Athens,
saying that the Turkish Government had formally
informed the Greek Government that any further
raid of irregulars into Turkish territory wouhl be re-
garded as a declaration of war upon the part of Greece.
The Turkish Council of Ministers on the I8th de-
clared that war has broken out and ordered Ediiam
Piisha, the Turkish military commander, to take the
ofl^ensive.
A despatch of the ISth from Athens, says: "The
Turkish batteries at Prevesa, on the north shore of
the entrance of the Gulf of Aria, where, according to
the treaty of Berlin, the Turks had no right to erect
fortifications, fired nn and sank a Greek steamer, the
Maced'inia, this morning while she was attempting to
leave the Gulf of Amhracia. The crew of the steamer
were saved by boats from the shore, but the Captain
of the Macedoni'i was severely wounded. Upon re-
ceipt of this news, the Greek Government sent orders
to the Greek fleet in the Gulf of Ambracia to bom-
bard Prevesa. Consequently the bombardment of
Prevesa commenced at 6 o'clock this morning an 1
continues as this despatch is sent, Prevesa, which is
in Epirus and eighteen miles from Aria, is strongly
fortified."
The Greeks hold that it was an attempt upon the
part of the Turkish forces lo occupy a strategic posi-
tion neur Mount Analipsas, not far from Nezeros, in
the neutral zone, which led to an encounter on the
16lh between the Greeks and the Turks. This, it is
added, was used at Constantinople as a reason for or-
dering Elhem Pasha, the Turkish Commander-in-
chief, to assume the ofTensive, and led to the rupture
of diplomatic relations between the countries.
The so-called outrage off" Prevesa, when the Turk-
ish batteries there sank the steamer Macedonia, fur
ther justified Greece, in the minds of the Athenians
in waging war against Turkey.
A desperate fight occurred at the Milouna Pass
where the Turks were victorious. The bombardmen
of Prevesa continues. At Reveni the Turks were de
feated with heavy losses.
Russia has been assured that Bulgaria, Servia aui
Montenegro will maintain strict neutrality during tlic
present trouble.
In 1896 emigrants from Italy numbered 306,093
the greatest on record. More than 60,000 came ti
this country, 75,000 went to Argentina, and the mos
of the remainder to Brazil and Uruguay.
The Czar has ordered that hereafter all criminal
condemned to imprisonment in Siberia shall be con
veyed there by railway, instead of being compelled I
march.
Captain General Polaviojasavs the rebellion in tli
Phillipine Islands is nearly quelled ; that only 600'
insurgeuts, partly armed, are in the field.
Small diamonds have been discovered in the sant
taken from a lake formed by the crater of an extinc
volcano in the Witzies Hoek Mountains of Nata!
which are beyond the hitherto known diamond fields
NOTICES.
Westtown Boarding School. — Applications fo
the admission of pupils to the school, and letters ii
regard lo instruction and discipline should be ad
dressed to William F. Wickersham, Principal.
Payments on account of board and tuition, an'
communications in regard to business should be for
warded to Edward G. Smedley, Superintendent.
Address, Westtown P. O., Chester Co., Pa.
Westtown Boarding School. — For convenienc
of persons coming to Westtown School, the stage wil
meet trains leaving Philadelphia 7.17 and 8.46 A. M
and 2.53 and 4.32 p. M. Other trains are met whei
requested. Stage fare on regular trips, fifteen cents
on special trips, twenty-five cents each way. To read
the school by telegraph, wire West Chester Phone 81
Edward G. Smedley, Sup'l.
Died, on the fourteenth of Second Mouth, 1S97
Nathan White, aged eighty-eight years, two months
and nine days, after an illness of several days. Hi
was a life-long member of Piney Woods Monthl
Meeting of Friends, near Belvidere, Perquimans Co
N. C, and a firm adherent of the principles of earl
Friends. His longevity was a striking example c
temperance in all things. Measuring his words ani
actions by the golden rule, he lived peaceably witi
all men. He was a devoted husband and father, kini
neighbor, and loyal citizen. He leaves a loving wife
four children, four gran Ichildren and one brother
May they emulate his example, so when called froii
works lo rewards, they may be a reunited family
where parting or death never intrudes. He repeatei
a portion of the twenty-third Psalm during his las
illness. May we, like him, when passing through lb
" valley of the shadow of death," fear no evil, realizio .
that his rod and his staff' ihey comfort us, and undei;
neath us are " The Everlasting Arms." The funera'
services were conducted at Piney Woods, where a larg
circle of friends ami relatives paid their last tributj
of respect lo one they love I and esteemed. The;,
were admonished not to weep for him, but to wee
for themselves and their children. " Mark the perfec
man, and behold the upright, for the eud of that ma
is peace."
, at London Grove, Pa., on Third Month 12tl
1897, George Sharpless, an esteemed elder an
overseer of London Grove Monthly Meeting, in tli
eighty-eighth year of his age.
, at the re-idence of Elizi H, Varnev, Bloom
field, Ontario, Canada, on Fourth Month Ist, 189:
Amy Lear, aged eighty-one years and five month
She was a consistent member of West Lake Monthl
Meeting of Friends, and was beloved by all classe
She was ill about a week, and evinced resignation i
the Divine will, and thankfulness that she was wil
her friends during her sickness (she lived alone) Sli
several times said she was ready to go, and when or
spoke to her about her recovery, she replied : th
would only have lo be gone over again before Ion;
She was a pattern of patience, meekness and love I
us all. She leaves one daughter and one grandson t
mourn their loss.
THE FRIEND
A Religious and Literary Journal.
VOL. LXX.
SEVENTH-DAY, FIFTH MONTH 1, 1897.
No. 41.
PUBLISHED WEEKLY.
Price, if paid in advance, $2.00 per annum.
Edwin P. Sellew, Publisher,
No. 207 Walnut Place,
(South from Walnut Street, between Third and Fourth,)
PHILADELPHIA.
Articles designed for inserlion to be addressed to
JOSEPH WALTON,
MooRESTowN, Burlington Co., N. J.
Enlered as second-class matter at Philadelphia P. O.
liary and Letters of Deborah Brooks Webb.
. (Ck)tifluded from page 314.)
i 1894— Fifth Month.— Notwithstanding the
jrail condition of her health, she olitained a
linute to visit the meetings of Philadelphia
Jnarter, in company with her friends R. S. A.
nd G. J. S. This visit was felt by herself to
e an evening sacrifice. She was mercifully fa-
■ored with strength to complete it, to the peace
f her own mind and the satisfaction of Friends.
A solemn feeling accompanied the return of
er minute in the Eighth Month following and
lis proved to be the last occasion on which she
ttended her meeting.
' 189.5.— First Mo. 10th.— To E. S. A. : " How
veet and kind to write me all al)out the funeral
5'our precious departed friend, Samuel F. Bal-
erston. No shadow of doubt, he is accepted of
is Father and Master. 'They that turn many
) righteousness shall shine as the stars forever
nd ever.' I hope the dear Master can fill his
"own of life full of Starrs. Oh, he was so helpful
I me, in my early ministry. . . How I
eeded to be convinced surely, and over and
car again, I was so weak and little. The dear
[aster has been so good to me, all my life long.
ow, I have such sweet nights, sleeping mostly,
ut waking every one or two hours, and seem-
ig close with the dear Father. I often marvel
I find myself speaking to Him in prayer or
raise so constantly after lying down. Sorae-
raes a sweet little message comes from Him
adore!"
She writes to a friend Fourth Mo. 1st, 1895 :
How wonderful it was that the visit was ac-
jmplished. And now the Yearly Meeting is
rer, and a favored time. I thought of them so
equently, and hoped and desired the over-
ladowing of the ancient wing of goodness. The
st three years I have felt so unable to sit there
id be about, and now it has culminated in a
lorough rest. ' Come ye yourselves apart and
:st awhile.' It seems to be all rest. I sleep so
uch, after each meal generally, and most of
le night. There is more vigor after awaking
om these deep sleeps, and ray face does not look
lite so sick and broken. Your interest in the
sing generation must produce some good fruit,
id I contemplate the sweet words for you, ' Let
IT alone, she has done what she could.' Do not
; anxious, do not worry, only be passive in the
!ar Lord's holy hand."
Sixth Month 9th, 1895, to R.S. A.—" Several
lately have bidden me farewell as if it were the
last. The Lord's blessed will be done. I want
to go to Him. How sudden was the removal of
R. K. Masters! In the harness, surely."
To the same, Seventh Month 21st : " ' And
my tongue shall speak of thy righteousness and
thy praise all the day long.' Just reading this
in the Psalms now, and an intimation to pen it
to my dear R , as indicative of the even
tenor of the spirit within me. Only, only, held
up by his mercy, and feel the force of the words,
'Say uhto my soul I am thy salvation.' 'Tis
wonderful how good He is to me, when I do so
little for Him."
To the same, Sixth Month 6th, 1895 : " I love
the will of the Lord, and want it glorified ! glo-
rified!" Again in allusion to dear E. F ,
" How wonderful that the dear Lord can direct
us with the illuminations of his Spirit, even away
ofi'there, among the aliens and unbelievers. We
will trust her in his care."
Eighth Month 11th.— " Your Philadelphia
Quarterly Meeting has passed. Just one year
ago, we both attended with our minutes. Did
not the dear Lord help us? Our Ebenezer !
Surely we can raise it now : glory, glory, to the
Lord on high ! His handmaidens went forth,
nothing in scrip or purse, spiritually, no might,
nor strength, nor power of their own, yet ' He
filled the hungry soul with goodness and satis-
fied the longing soul.' "
Tenth Month 9th. — "How sweet dear Clark-
son Sheppard's life seems to have been to be-
holders ! Yes, we will pray for our Jerusalem.
Nothing but the Lord's preserving care can
prosper us. People do not love the cross, but it
must be borne !"
She was now drawing very near to the close
of her life ; the following letter addressed to a
friend on her birth-day, though of an earlier
date, seems to belong in its vivid realization of
the beauty and joy of the heavenly city, to this
period :
"Third Month 11th, 1893.— I have just fin-
ished putting the stitches in this little butter-
dish mat for thy birthday gift. Please accept.
Such beautiful visions floated through my mind
as the work proceeded, and I must share them
with thee — (Revelations xis : 8): 'And to her
was granted that she should be arrayed in fine
linen, clean and white; for the fine linen is the
righteousness of saints.' How often the flashing
of this glossy linen made me think of that pas-
sage, and of the light of heaven, so solid, so
white, so pure, different from the light of the
sun or moon. 'Then the golden streets and
walls of beauty.' I did not think the little thing
could bring up such thoughts of the heavenly
city with so much sweetness. Then the edgings
of white seemed like the jasper walls or the
floating out of the white robe. The time will
come when we all three of us will hope to reach
that glorious city :
" ' City of the pearl bright portal.
City of the jasper wall,
i City of the golden pavement,
Seat of endless festival ;
City of Jehovali, .Salem !
City of eternilv.
To thy bridal halls of gladness
From this prison 1 would flee.
Heir of glory.
That shall be, fir lliee and nie.'
" Which of us three will reach there first we
know not, but we trust our God and Redeemer,
and love Him, and none of them 'that trust in
Him shall be desolate. Again Dr. Nelson seemed
inspired when he wrote :
" ' O, the joys that are there mortal eye hath not seen !
O, the songs they sing there, with /losin/w.s between !
O, the thrice blessed song of the Lamb an 1 of Moses!
O, the brightness on brightness the pearl gate unclo.ses !
O, while wings of angels I O, iields while with roses !
(), white tents of peace, where the rapt soul reposes 1
O, the waters so still and the pastures so green ;
And the rest.' oh, so sweet — more than mortal can
dream 1' "
On Tenth Mo. 9th, 1895, to the same friend :
" One week ago, on First-day, I thought so
much about you, and it seems to have been
about the time the fire* was raging so, and
your brother's home was endangered. The lan-
guage kept coming, 'I. seem to miss you so.' These
lovely days reminded me of the time you u.sed
to ride out and bring your little ottering of some
delicacy you thought we did not have. Last
year I did not send thee any of my fuchias.
Jly E was away, and I did the best I
could. Now, the fall blooming is so beautiful,
I hope to pick some for thee — not that I do it
myself, for I am quite an invalid; hands drawn
with rheumatism — thankful though that I can
move around. Not been out to meeting for over
a year. The least exertion makes me pant so.
Thou, dear, art suffering from spinal trouble,
could not ride out. Well, we are the dear Lord's
prisoners; sweet He is to us both. We know
not when the end may come, but we love his
will. Dear W has thee still to cheer him
heavenward. Dear Clarkson Sheppard gone.
Write sometimes, if able. W wrote so
kindly. Thine lovingly,
"D. B.'Webb."
This clo.ses her interesting correspondence.
On the tenth of Eleventh Month, 1895, the
dear Master " did cut short her strength," as
she had expressed it, and suddenly, suddenly
admitted her, we may reverently believe, into
the full fruition of tha"t joy and peace for which
she had such earnest longings.
The following lines were written by one of
her beloved nieces in New England, Anne E.
Pickens:
IS MEMORY OP DEBORAH B. WEBB.
While thou wert here
Thou ever seemed one near akin to heaven
To bless our lives, a gift to us God-given,
Grown dearer, year by year.
As Moses stood
The prophet blessed in holy place and heard,
And bore to waiting ones his Father's word
From Sinai's solitude.
* Burning of a large planing mill in West Chester.
322
THE FRIEND.
Filth Mo. 1, 1897
Thou, from heaven's heights
Didst bring sweet promises if h)ve and cheer,
To lead, inspire and light our pathways here
With Truth's bright beacon light.
Thy fervent prayers
Like constant incense rose, enfolding so
The world's great need, that all Christ's love should
know,
And make thy gladness theirs.
Bnt more than these
Will memory hold of thee in sacred place;
Thy gentle ways, thy countless deeds of grace.
And saintly charities.
O, love! so dear
And pure ; s.i ripe for God and his bright heaven 1
For us, still let entreating love be given
As erst when thou wert here.
Literary Finds in
A German literary journal reports that King
Meuelik of Abyssinia, now that peace has been
made between his government and that of Italy,
has promised to permit a commission of Euro-
pean scholars to examine the literary treasures
deposited in the famous cathedral at Axum, the
ancient capital city of Abyssinia, which is known
to contain valuable writings dating back per-
haps to the time of the Christianization of the
people in the fourth century. Those who have
been permitted to see these treasures rej)ort
that among them are many papyrus rolls, and
all of them in good condition. As the Axum
temple has been regarded all along as a sacred
shrine, these documents have never been dis-
turbed by the countless wars that have been
waged in Abyssinia in the last fifteen hundred
years. The Axum cathedral stands in the ruins
of an old heathen temple, and the manuscripts
are deposited in vaults under the structure. Of
equal or greater value will be the literary re-
mains found on the sacred inland sea of Zuai,
in southern Shoa. This island has for centuries
been occupied exclusively by Abyssinian monks,
who, however, were not able to make use of the
papyrus rolls, parchments,documents, and books
found in considerable number in the cloister
vaults, and some of which are claimed to have
come originally from the famous library at Alex-
andria,destroyed by Khslif Omar in the seventh
century. It is certain beyond a reasonable
doubt that this collection of literary deposits is
exceedingly old, a number of them dating from
the time when the Abyssinian emperors ruled
also over Egypt. As the entire known literature
of Abyssinia is Christian, and quite a number
of works lost to Greco-Latin church literature
have been found in Abyssinian translations,
such as the Book of Enoch and others, it can
reasonably be expected that early Christiau
literature will be most enriched by the ex-
amination of these literary storehouses made ac-
cessible at Axum and Debra Zion. Among the
literary first-fruits of the Italian expedition to
Abyssinia, we have, in the recent number of the
Journal of the German Oriental Society (Vol.
L, No. 3), the descrijjtion of several very old
Abyssinian manuscripts. — S. S. Times.
Dr. Naxskn, the great Arctic explorer, has
thoroughly tested the power of human endur-
ance, under the severest exposure and distress,
without the aid of stimulants. He recently as-
sured an interviewer that he took no intoxicat-
ing liquors with him in his recent expedition
in search of the North Pole. As the result of
his exjjerience, he has become a great advocate
of tenijierance and has taken a decided stand
against the use of stimulants and narcotics of
all kinds. — Hie Presbyterian.
Who Is To Blame?
BY E. F. BURR, LYME, CONN.
Who cast Satan out of heaven ? The proper
answer is. He cast himself out. It is his own
fault that he is not shining at the head of a
heavenly host this very moment. He did him-
self the unspeakable damage of a rebellion, and
its inevitable consequences.
What cast our first parents out of their lower
paradise? Not the cherubim and flaming sword
so much as their own disobedient selves that
made expulsion necessary.
What cast Pharaoh of the Exodus, and Saul
the son of Kish, out of their kingdoms and lives?
Not so much the waters of the Red Sea, and the
armies of the Philistines, as their own stubborn-
ness, which made judgments necessary.
Why is Israel to-day outcast from the heri-
tage, and living " scattered and peeled" in many
lands ? We are bound to answer, They have
destroyed themselves. They owe their calami-
ties to their own perverseness. Their peculiar
troubles are of their own making. If they had
remained steadfast with their God they would
be at this moment in their old home and pros-
perity. It was not the Romans who expelled
them, nor is it the Turks who keep them ex-
pelled, so much as their own shameful unbelief
and forsaking of their covenant God, and rejec
tion of his incarnate Son. This is the root of
bitterness that has troubled them all these ages
through, and will continue to trouble them, for
— who can tell how long? The prophet foresaw
this, and so said, " O Israel, thou hast destroyed
thyself."
So it has been with other nations. The Baby-
Ionian Empire has gone; but it was not Cyrus
and his Persians who overthrew it. It was first
overthrown from within — by its own vices and
crimes. The grander Roman Empire has gone ;
but it was not so much the Goths and Vandals
who overturned it. It was first overturned from
within. Public and private corruption had
sapped the foundation of things; the Colossus
was practically dead and in process of noisome
decomposition when the clubs and battle axes
of the northern barbarians first touched it. No
wonder that it crumbled into a shapeless ruin
at the touch.
And the empire of the Turk is going the same
way. It is fast making away with itself by its
own vices and crimes. It is, and has been for
a long time, committing suicide. The great
assassin is assassinating itself Whether its ar-
teries are finally opened with a sword or a bomb
or a poniard or a pair of scissors, matters little.
Whether the last breath is squeezed out of it
by the Russian Bear, or torn out of it by the
British Lion, matters little. It is practically
dead already at its own hands — its own abomi-
nable hands.
And if the time ever comes when our own
nation, or any other nation, becomes godless
and vile, whether after the matter of Sodom
and Gomorrha, or those greater sinners, Caper-
naum and Bethsaida ; whether after the manner
of the Antediluvians or those greater sinners
who in the name of the Goddess of Reason sub-
stituted for the reign of the Bourbons the Reign
of Terror, it may expect to be wiped out as ef-
fectually, if not in the same way. A deluge of
water may not drown it, a deluge of fire and
brimstone may not consume it, the artillery of
a Napoleon may not sweep it away, but away
it is sure to go. For what saith tlie Scripture
— "The nation that will not serve Thee shall
perish ; yea, that nation shall be utterly wasted."
And the coroner's verdict over the great corpse
will have to be — '^ Died by its oivn hand." By
whatever means, and in wliatever way, the last
breath goes out, death and burial will be fore-
gone conclusions from the character the nation
has given itself. We must be selfdestroyed
before we can be destroyed from without. — The
Episcopal Recorder.
A Letter from Paris.
It is extremely aggravating not to be able to
enjoy, even for a very short period of time,
the sensation of being in a new place. I had
thought surely in Paris I would be a little ex-
cited, have a little thrill of pleasure or surprise
in seeing for the first time those marvellous
works of art with which I had become so ac-
quaiuled through books and pictures. But the
more I see of the world the more I become fa-
miliar with its peoples and customs, the more
profoundly am I impressed with the fact that
iiumanity is one and the same thing for all time
and all countries, whatever may be the outward
forms with which it is clothed. The forms dif-
fer but the great throbbing heait beneath is
the same — always struggling to solve the mys-
tery of its own existence, of its relations with
its Maker and with its fellow-beings; striving
to find a way out of its j)rison, and endeavoring
to render in some form or other the history of
its striving and struggling immortal. It is only
in this way that the grand cathedrals and mag-'
nificent works of art appeal to me. Looked at
in any other light they are simply piles of stone
without life or meaning.
Thee sees I am given over to philosophizing,
it is probably a fault, and one loses perhaps a
good deal of the beauty of what one sees. It
must be for this reason that I am happier
among objects of nature than among those oi
art. Unfortunately I am not educated enough:
to enjoy the latter simply as being works of art.'
But all this is only a prelude to the few words
I want to say in regard to my first visit to the
Louvre yesterday. It seems strange to have
been passing under the archways of this im-
mense palace every day for a week, and though
the doors stand open fiee to every one, not to
have ventured to have so much as cast my eye
inside. But I need not say that it has not been
from lack of respect for the objects collected]
there, but rather from an oversense of respect I
for them. It was not possible for me to enter'
when hurried or with my mind occupied with
other thoughts.
The limitless number of apartments is rather
confusing at first, but by carefully studying my
Baedecker I was soon able to find what 1
wanted at will, though in the course of one
afternoon I could visit but a small portion ol
the immense building. There is no possibility
of giving any idea of the treasures of art col-
lected there. The great trouble is there are toe
many, one loses the value of each separate one
by leason of the merits of ihe hundreds and
thousands about it. There are pictures there
for instance from the brush of Murillo or Ru-
bens or others that one would like to see hung
alone in a large hall, without a single othei
decoration. It is for this reason that one feele
a sense of entire satisfaction on entering the
apartment devoted to the Venus de Milo. The
statue stands alone, perhaps the most perfect
work ever formed by the hand of man — ami
so an entire room is devoted to it. Ah, commt
elle est grande et noble et belle, cette Venus
Its exquisite unutterable beauty seems reall}
enhanced by the absence of the arms— the
i
Fifth Mo. 1, 1897
THE FRIEND.
323
slightest change in any way would spoil the
perfect harmony of the whole. But ona dares
not say too much because words only detrac
from the reality, in order to know what it mean
one must see and feel.
There is one room now called la Salle des
Darialides, because of the reproduction of the
maiden figures supporting the roof of a small
Mrtico of the Erectyou at Athens, which is at
)ne end of the apartment, which e.xcited my
nterest because of its great number of historic
issoeiations. First, it was a hallway upon which
opened the private apartments of the Queen
Catherine de Medici. Some years later it was
riere that Henry IV. celebrated his marriage
Tith Marguerite de Valois, and after his assas-
ination, 1610, bis body was laid out in the same
iall. Later, when Louis XIV. having become
[.ware of the brilliant talents of Molie-e, had
Invited him to his court, it was here that the
;reat poet exhibited before the king and the
Drds and ladies of that time his great niaster-
jieces.
; I shall have later a good deal to tell about
he history of Paris, especially at the time of
^e French Revolution and of the Commune,
a connection with the buildings and objects of
jterest in general of Paris, but as yet I am not
fell enough informed to be able to speak in-
slligently, so I prefer to wait.
1 I continue to visit the university quite regu-
jirly, but instead of confining myself to two
lourses, I take everything as it comes along,
''wo days ago I heard first a lecture on Bnude-
lire — it sounded to me as though it were spelled
lat way — a French poet of the present cen-
-iry, then another upon the French Revolution
i the time when Napoleon was made emperor,
'ter v,'hich followed a lecture upon the phllos-
iohy of Pascal, who upheld the principles of
ae Jansenists. At the first lecture, though I
•rived fully fifteen minutes before it began, the
Till was already so crowded that I could
tarcely enter the door, and was forced to stand
le entire hour tightly wedged in on all sides.
eing near the door I had the advantage at
ie close of being one of the first to leave so I
luld rush out and get around among the first
the other side of the Sorbonne (the first was
■ the College de France), so as to secure a seat.
Ithough there was half an hour time, already
large crowd was collected and the moment
e doors were opened there was a rush. Fa-
irably the third lecture was held in the same
dl so I could quietly keep my seat.
'I had several errands to do so I walked to
'e Rue de Rivoli (one of the greatest thorough-
;res in Paris) proposing to take the omnibus
! the station opposite the Louvre. But alas!
iris isn't a bit like America in regard to the
liestion of when an omnibus or street car is full,
ibelieve this question has never been satifiic-
trily answered in America, that is to say, with
I the point is ueverreached where one more can-
it be accommodated, here the case is different.
Hiscovered it that evening and at last, fearing
luight have to wait a long time, I started to
)ilk, although I had a long distance to cover
i a very short time.
It is really a sight worth seeing at that time
Cthe evening, cnming up the magnificent Bju-
I'ard de I'Opera and then to undertake to
C)S3 the "Place" of the same name. I thought
<" thee and reflected that if thee were here thee
vuld be forced to adopt some other head cov-
«ng than thy bonnet if thee did not wish to
I run over a good many times. Rsally I
Ever saw anything like it. Three immense
boulevards and four wide streets open upon the
Place de I'Opcra, and though there is no street
car track it is only the much worse for that,
for the omnibuses go wherever they choose and
the cabs, well they seem to swarm literally by
hundreds of thousands, and to rise suddenly as
if by magic on the very spot from which you
are rushing. They are all driven at great speed
and as all the principal boulevards, avenues,
etc., are covered with wood cut in oblongs like
bricks, the sound is deadened and one does not
know from what direction anything is coming.
I tell thee to get safely across this place (it is
nearly as wide as a Philadelphia square) is no
trifling matter, and if it were not for several
islands of safety here and there I am sure I
should never try to venture over. During the
day it is not so bad, but between five and seven
in the afternoon it is a swarming, seething sea
of cabs and omnibuses. But the Parisians do
not seem to mind it at all, and never seem in a
hurry or e.xcited. I fancy any one could pick
out a stranger in a moment just from the way
they cross the streets. Coming from America
it would not be so striking, but after a year and
a half of Germany I find my.self entirely dis-
used to noise and rush. I have at last hit upon
a device, however, which brings me over with-
out the least difficulty, and that is to wait until
I see a native start over and then to keep to
the leeward of them until we are across. I
mentally return them my thanks after reach-
ing the other side, but allow them to go on
ignorant of the service they have rendered. I
have been told that if any one should be run
over here and survive the accident, they are
liable to arrest afterwards for blocking the
])ublic way. It is the cabs always that have
the right of way. E. S. K.
An Anecdote of a Dog. — The Christian
Advoc de gives an account of a dog, a cross be-
tween theSt. Bernard and Newfoundland breeds,
which was highly valued by its owner.
A rabbit was brought to the house, the first
sight and scent of it aroused all the old wild
nature of Tray. He fairly trembled with ex-
citement. He must seize the prey, but he was
ordered to be quiet. He was soon made to un-
derstand that the rabbit was now another mem-
ber of the household, and that he mu^t not harm
it. This was all we dared to hope for, but Tray
was generous, and in twenty-four hours his un-
derstanding of the situation was so complete
that he nianifestel a disposition to play with
the new friend. Nothing could be more ludi-
crous, for Tray had now attained his full and
enormous stature, and the rabbit was so small
and shy that it was like the effort of a lion in
making overtures to a lamb for a little innocent
The rabbit was suspicious, and Tray's awk-
ward movements were terrifying to the object
of his attentions, and grote>que in the extreme
to the observer. But afcer a time Tray made
himself understood, and he and Bunny became
good friends.
One day the rabbit strayed into the street
and ventured perhaps two hundred yards from
the gateway', and was presently spied by two
alien dogs, which by loud yelps gave sign that
thev would have him for their prey.
Down the street the rabbit bounded, the dogs
in hot pursuit, until the gateway was reached,
when poor Bunnj' was threatened with sure de-
struction, so close upon him were his fleet-footed
enemies. In through the gateway thev darted
with the speed of the "Empire State Express."
What should Bunny do? Where should he
Ayr (iuick, .juick, Buuny ! A .safe refuge, or
in a. minute all will be over with you! When
lo, the curious and timely hiding place! For
yonder on the lawn is 'fray .seated upon his
haunches, like a great lion, calmly surveying
the tumult. Quick a.s a flash the rabbit darted
across the lawn to where he sat. Quick as a
flash Bunny sprang between his feet and nestled
under his great form to find the protection and
peace that a child feels nestling iu its mother's
arms.
What did Tray do? He did juist what we
expected him to do — we who knew his great
strength and his warm, loving heart. Bending
down his great head for a moment, he gently
licked the rabbit, and in his own way said :
" Don't be afraid, my pet. They shall not harm
you." Then, lifting his massive head, he quietly
faced the enemy. He did not deign to speak.
He simply turned on them his great calm e3'es,
but before that look of power the pursuers
quailed, halted, and turned back, ajjparently
saying that thev never before saw it after this
fashion.
For "The Friend."
The College Secret Fraternities.
When Dr. McCosh became connected with
Princeton College as its otiicial head, he found
that the secret Greek Letter fraternities had
considerable power in the Institution, notwith-
standing the fact that one of the rules required
every student upon entering to sign an obliga-
tion to have no connection with such societies.
It was observed that the societies sought to get
the college honors to their members, and to give
support to those who were under college dis-
cipline. Some photographs of the lodge mem-
bers falling into the hands of the faculty, the
off'ending students were summoned before them.
"They did not deny the charge," said President
McCosh, in referring to this episode, " and we
sent them home. In a short time each sent in
a paper in which he promised to give up all
connection with secret societies. I retained those
papers for a time to secure that the promise
should be kept, but I have shown them to no
one. The faculty restored the students, who, I
believe, kept their word. Now the great body
of the students would earnestly oppose reintro-
duction of these fraternities into our college.
Most of the professors in the American colleges
profess to lament the existence of such societies,
but have not the courage to suppress them."
The foregoing statement was probably written
upwards of a dozen years ago, before the foot-
ball rivalry among the colleges had acquired
its present great momentum, or before the games
had been given such very great publicity. I
'ucline to the view that the tendency of the
games has been to stimulate the fraternities, and
that the existence of the latter has tended to
the promotion of disorders, of which of late there
have been many unpleasant accounts. One of
those occurrences happening nearest to us was
what is known as the annual " bowl tight" of
the University of Pennsylvania. The beginning
of the game was attended by such riotous be-
havior, and even the danger of loss of life, that
the aid of the police had to be invoked, and the
affair was seemingly stop[)ed. It was, however,
only deferred to another day. Upon its renewal,
" large numbers of,the combatants had their ap-
parel torn. Indeed," continues the account, "all
the men's clothes were decidedly the worse for
wear, but a few were strippetl of every vestige
of raiment." The bowl was successfully housed
i24
THE FRIEND.
Fifth Mo. 1, 189:
by the winners, it was stated, " in the Phi Kappa
Sigma Fraternity house."
This is not good education. It is not simply
boyish fun; it is intense rivalry and hateful
strife. The reporter of a daily paper, speaking
of a prize-fighter, referred to the "awful trans-
formation " in his countenance when he went to
" work "— " the very spirit of ferocity seemed to
illuminate the face, to burn under all the freck-
led skin, and possess every feature. It wasn't
ugliness or anger merely. The entire face was
tr'ansformed into so horrible, so savage a thing,
fascinating in its incarnate monstrosity. . .
A man who has to face that might imagine the
human had vanished." I much fear that the
partisan contests in the colleges often tend to
the gendering of this hateful transformation. A
clergyman among the Episcopalians lately re-
ferred to the brutality of the foot-ball contests,
as developed in so many quarters, as being quite
on a par with pugilistic encounters. The action
of a number of students of one of the leading
colleges, in sending a flag and a fraternal letter
to one of the principals in the recent prize-fight
in Nevada, accentuates this too frequent lamenta-
ble kinship.
There was introduced in the legislature of
South Carolina the past winter, a bill prohibit-
ing secret societies in State colleges. It passed
one branch of the legislature, though I am not
informed as to its ultimate enactment. An in-
structor in a theological seminary in this State,
writing in the Bapikt Examiner, upon "The
Anti-Masonic Craze" of sixty years ago, while
conceding the abduction and very probable
killing of Morgan, "a no-account sort of crea-
ture," refers to the atrocious act as a stupid and
certainly criminal one, and likewise as founded
upon bad policy, seeing that upwards of three-
fourths of the Baptist Masons dissolved their
connection with the order, and their churches
went so far as to testify against it. It was dur-
ing that time of awakening to a great evil, af
fectingthe church, the home and the State, that
the legislature of at least one State appointed a
committee of inquiry concerning the "extraju-
dicial oaths " of the lodges, whose report was
that the administration of such oaths was highly
improper, and that they should be prohibited
by legal. enactments. No, no, it was not a mere
foolish scare, as the writer in the Baptist paper
would have his readers believe. Happy would
be the case of the religious denomination and
of all others which now accord a welcome to
the secret, oath-bound orders, if they should
again realize a lively awakening to the true
character and tendency of such associations !
It has been interesting to note a concern on the
part of members of a number of religious de-
nominations, in Pennsylvania, who have no
unity with the lodges, to appeal to the legisla-
ture against them, as in the former time ; but
where the church generally, in its testimony is
so weak, there cannot much be expected from
the State authorities. Nevertheless, as the way
opens, may our light be found shining there-
through. JosiAH W. Leeds.
The GiiF.ATicii Folly. — Were a bouse to be
in flames tomorrow, and were a mother to seize
her gold, and her jewels, and her rings, and
rush from the flames with them, and forget her
infant slumbering in its cradle, she would neither
be so inhuman nor so inconsi=tent as that man
who cares for the toys of a day, and thinks
nothing and cares nothing about a soul that
stands in eternal jeopardy every hour if not
justified and pardoned. — Selected.
FOR "The Fkiend."
SPRINGTIME.
Rich is (lie fragrance of the passing breeze,
Wafted health-laden, sweet the vernal air,
All emerald-garbed in stalely rank the trees,^^
While nature whispers, "Cast aside thy care."
Springtime, glad springtime, with its joys has come,
Flowers deck the sward, blithe warblers poise on wing;
O'er copse and field the busy insects hum.
Welcome ye heralds of the gladsome spring.
And thou glad season art alas too brief.
For time, relentless time is hastening on,
The faded flower, the changed and withered leaf,
Full oft remind us of thy glories— gone.
There is a land of changeless light and love,
Where spring and summer hold eternal reign.
Home of the white-robed, blissful throng above,
Shall thou and I this heavenly clime attain?
In that fair land where flowers immortal bloom.
And trees of healing never shed a leaf,
W^ithin those mansions far beyond the tomb,
Joy dwells supreme, nor earthly care, nor grief.
Oh, wing, thy flight where spiingtime's golden ray,
Illumes the portals of the fading West,
And find in heaven's irradiant realms of day,
The soul's sweet solace— everlasting rest.
Holy, most holy. Lord enthroned on high,
Through all the glorious, never-ending days.
Angels adore thee, seraphs always cry,
'■ Holy, Lord God," ye heavens and earth give praise
J. Bell.
San Jose. Cal.
Selected for "The Friend."
THE DAISY.
Not worlds on worlds, in phalanx deep.
Need we to prove a God is here,
The daisy fresh from winter's sleep.
Tells of his hand in lines as clear.
For who but He who arched the skies.
And pour's the dayspring's living flooc
Wondrous alike in all He tries,
Could rear the daisy's purple bud ;
Mold its green cup, its wiry stem.
Its fringed border nicely spin.
And cut the gold-embossed gem
Thai, sets in silver, gleams within ;
And fling it, unrestrained and free.
O'er hill and dale and desert sod,
That man, wher'er he walks, might see,
At every step, the stamp of God.
The Bishops axd the Increase of Mili-
T.\RISM. — "What are Bishops for?" asked the
New Age. " The new Archbishop of Canter-
bury, the new Bishop of London, and other of
our professed descendants of the Apostles, sat
smiling in their seats in the Gilded Chamber
while the Secretary of State for War unfolded
his scheme for squandering an additional five
millions and a half of the hard-earned money
of the people, over the Government's persistent
attempt to break the Sixth Commandment and
pour ridicule upon the Seventh Beatitude. The
proposed addition to the army estimates, this
year, brings the total cost of our second line
of defence, for the next twelve months, up to
twenty millions odd. This, with the still heav-
ier expenditure on the navy and the interest
on war debt, means that something approach-
ing seventy millions sterling will be spent by
this Christian land, during the present year,
for the purpose of promoting, not the coming of
the Kingdom of Heaven, but the reign of hell
upon the earth. It is impossible to conceive of
anything more wanton and wicked. Yet, in
the House of Commons only twenty-three men
mustered up courage enough to protest against
it ; and in the House of Lords not one was
found faithful amongst the faithless. Not om
of our highly-paid representatives of the Princi
of Peace— not a single bishop raised his voice
against this monstrous proposal. What hum
bug all the preaching of these men about humai
brotherhood seems, when we compare their con
duct in the Senate with their utterances fron
the pulpit ! Whenever a national crime is t(
be committed, you can always depend upon thi
bishops to give it their blessing. This additioi
of five anda half millions to the array estimate
is a national crime. It proves how utterl;
worthless and hypocritical are all our boasting
about treaties and arbitration. What is the us
of talking about arbitration when we are ever;
year adding enormously to our armaments, an(
thereby telling all the nations of the world tha
we do not trust them, and that we ourselves wan
to be feared, and not trusted? No wonder tha
other countries regard us as a nation of hype
crites. We make great professions of Chris
tianity, and we waste our resources in pursui
of the policy which Christ hated. And ou
bishops, of all men, approve of this procedure
They disgraced the holy religion which they pre
fess by their silence on the proposed increase o
the army.
For " The FErEND."
Rock Salt.
As the writer was passing along one of th
streets of Philadelphia, he noticed a cart un
loading rock salt at the store of a wholesal
grocery house. The beauty of the crystalliza
tion attracted his attention, and led to a visi
to the stores of two dealers in the article, wb,
kindly furnished cabinet specimens, and gav
some information that was interesting. :
The salt at both of these dealers came froD
a deposit in the Genesee Valley, discoverer
within a few years, which extends over Living
ston, Wyoming and Genesee Counties. Its ex
istence was made known by boring for natura
gas or petroleum. In one case at a depth o
about fifteen hundred feet a bed of rock sal
forty-five feet thick was encountered. The deptl
varies from eight hundred to twenty-five hun
dred feet, depending on the character of th-
surface, which causes much thicker deposits o-
overlying earth in some places than in others!
Salt has been manufactured for many years iij
large quantities at Onondago by evaporatini;
the brine from salt springs, and a similar prc^
cess is used in this more recently discovered Ic.
cality. Wells are sunk to the bottom of the sal
bed, and cased with iron pipe down to the sail
A two-inch pipe descends to the bottom of th
bed, having perforations for a few feet only a,
the lower end. Pure water is let into the wel
between the casing and the small pipe, untilth
well is full. The water in contact with the sal
bed dissolves all it will hold, and the brin
being more than twice as heavy as pure watei
sinks to the bottom, enters the small pipe, an'
is driven part way up by the weight of the oul
side column of fresh water, and is 'then pumpei
into large vats. The brine runs continuousl.
from these vats into the evaporating pans.
In addition to the wells which have bee;
bored to the rock salt, several shafts have bee
sunk, and by the aid of these, the salt is quarrie
in a solid form, as one would mine coal. Whe:
taken from the bed, the salt seems an aggregf
tion of crystals, larger than a pea, and readil
crumbles into these crystals. To make ther
cohere more strongly, the miners pour wate
over the surface of the blocks, which melts ;
small portion, and as the water evaporates leavc'
Fifth Mo. 1, 1897
THE FRIEND.
325
la tliiu film of salt which binds the loose parti-
cles together. In looking at a pile of rock salt
in the warehouse of the merchant, the ditter-
eoce iietween a surface which has thus been
treated and a recent fracture is readily discerni-
ble. As to the geological origin of the salt beds
ofNew York, Professor Xewberrj' considers them
:o be a deposit from a great salt lake, that oc-
,}upied central and western Kew York, northern
[Pennsylvania, northeastern Ohio, and southern
Qntario. It probably included an area as great
jis Lake Huron, or perhaps Lake Superior.
I The salt deposits of this group vary in com-
position. Some are almost chemically pure,
,vhile others contain a large quantity of chloride
.)f calcium, chloride of magnesium, sulphate of
magnesia, etc., which constitute the "bitterns"
)f the salt boilers, or the saline liquid that is
iSft in the pans after the salt has been crystal-
izeil from the original liquid.
When the water that issues from springs, or
hat falls in rain has no permanent outlet, but
brms ponds and lakes, whose size is limited only
;iy evaporation from the surface, such lakes in-
■ariably become salt, because the saline matters
pbich are constantly being conveyed' into them,
annot evaporate and so accumulate. One of
he most noted examples of this is the Dead
'ea in Palestine, which occupies a deep volcanic
ssure, and has no outlet. The water has be-
lome excessively salt, and there are probably
leposits of salt at its bottom. When the supply
;f water flowing into such a lake ceases, owing
D changes in the surfoce of the earth, and it
.Taporates, it must of necessity leave a layer of
alt behind it. It is believed that it was in this
•ay that much of the salt that underlies the
renesee Valley in New York, was deposited
aere ; and the thick bed of shales and other
ocks that now lie above it, were subsequent
eposils of mud that have since hardened into
3ck.
The more one studies the teachings of geology,
ae more wonderful are seen to be the works of
ae all-wise Creator, who by the operation of
lose laws which He has given to matter, has
orked out his plans through a long series of
ges, and given to his creature man those in-
illectual and physical powers which enable
ira to make use of the materials stored away
a the recesses of the earth. The Psalmist says,
The heavens declare the glory of God ; and
pe firmament showeth his handiwork," and a
imilar ascription of praise may well arise in
le heart of the devout student of geological
henomena. J. W.
fcther Reminiscences of Mahlon Hocket.
Eetaining, as I think, a pretty distipct recol-
ction of that eminent seer and minister of
hrist, Mahlon Hocket's visit to our Western
[eeting, in South Kingston, in or about the
Jar 1828, I thought possibly I might be able
' add something to the incidents given on page
55, No. 36 of present volume of Tue Feiend.
mongst those who responded to the notice of
le said meeting was a prominent liquor seller,
ho, coming from a highly respectable family,
ok a forward and prominent seat in the house,
id soon after the minister, an utter stranger,
ose, and extending his hand directly in the
ce of above, P. T., exclaimed in full tones,
Who art thou ; thou art holding the poisoned
)wl to thy neighbors' lips?" which seemed to
ttle him at once and for all, as he never ap-
■ared to recover from its effects, but dwindled
ong for a long time, and then with ruined
health and hopes, strolled ofi' to die in obscu-
rity.
But the speaker's errand was by no means
yet complete, so he continued on with a close,
searching testimony to the audience generally,
for some little time, and then turned his atten-
tion specially, to a poor looking old woman,
and not a member of Society, and began plead-
ing with and encouraging her not to give up,
but hold on to the little grain of faith she had
with all her strength, and that relief would again
come, if she did, in time to save her from the
temptations of the grand enemy of her soul's
happiness, and then began and recounted all
through the attempt to end her troubles, by
taking her own life, and how " she went down
to the water," he said, " when no eye but that
of the All-Seeing One beheld her, and intervened
to save her soul," etc., in the most earnest, en-
couraging and tender language, entreated her
not to be so beguiled again, etc., and then as
she seemed to sit greatly bowed over, as if nearly
oblivious of what he was saying to her, a.s she
sat near, he made a step or two partly to one
side, and extended his hand nearly to her, and
said loudly, " Dost thou hear me ; dost thou un-
derstand me," when she nodded several times
affirmatively, thus apparently fully admitting
the whole colloquy.
From there he went to Hopkinton, and at-
tended their First-day Meeting, and as there
was to be a funeral the next day, he stayed to
that also ; and to which three or four young
men walked over across the fields, when one of
them to be amusing, but whose years and posi-
tion in society ouglit to have taught him better
things, said to the others, " Well, what think he
will preach about to-day. Thought be preached
about everything yesterday." Soon after the
meeting sat, Mahlon arose with, " Well, what
think he will preach about to-day? Thought
he preached about everything yesterday," and
then continued, " Who lias had this language,
How didst thou know the Lord would give him
anything to say," and then proceeded to prop-
erly characterize such levity in what we con-
sider sacred things.
This last occurrence, however, was not made
by my own observation, but no less well au-
thenticated than the others, and there were
several remarkable occurrences of his while
about there, but of less prominence, and so have
passed out of recollection in this long interval.
But those three incidents were so marked and
important as not to be easily forgotten. The
liquor seller's brave position was an overwhelm-
ing defeat at once, and his giving up the busi-
ness was a great relief to his religious parents
and family; and the kindly and helpful advice
a great comfort and support to the poor old
woman, and all showing that this ability to
speak of hidden events is from the same spirit-
ual light and wisdom, whence the Gospel flows,
and is but one with it and no other. But this
Friend seemed to be as accustomed to it as to
the " Word of Life " in any matters and forms
as he well might be, if he was only sufficiently
careful to "divide "or discriminate it aright;
and what an awfully sad thing it will be if our
poor, weak membership, trusting to their own
short sighted wisdom, which is from beneath,
succeed in establishing this latter, like the false
prophets of Baal, as those of the " only true God,
and Jesus Christ whom He has sent."
I send these few lines for thy perusal, and to
make some use of or not, as may seem to thee
best. George Foster.
Westerly, R. I., Tliird Month 29th. 1S('7.
The Wearing of Egret Plumes.
Nothing for some time has been more com-
monly seen than the delicate, airy |)lunies that
stand upright in the bonnets. W. H. Hud.son,
authur of "The Naturalist in La Plata," say.-:
"The aigrette worn by women in our day is in
very nearly all cases actually made of the slen-
der, decomposed feathers that grow at one time
of the year on the egret's back and drop grace-
fully over the sides and tail of the bird. The
less fine plumes with shorter and stiffer filaments
are from the squacco heron, which is not an
egret." W. H. Hudson adds that "those who
engage in the busincs-sof procuring these plumes
know that, to obtain a good supply with little
trouble, the birds must be taken when the breed-
ing season is well advanced. The best time to
attack them is when the young birds are fully
fledged, but not yet able to fly ; for at that time
the solicitude of the jtarent birds is greatest,
and, forgetful of their own danger, they are
most readily made victims. And," he continues,
" when the killing is finished and the few hand-
fuls of coveted feathers have been plucked out,
the slaughtered birds are left in a white heap
to fester in the sun and wind in the sight of
their orphaned young that cry for food and are
not fed. There is nothing in the whole earth
so pitiable as this— so pitiable and so shameful
— that for such a purpose human cunning should
take advantageofthat feeling and instinct which
we regard as so noble in our own species, and
as something sacred — the tender passion of the
parent for itsfjfispring, which causes it to neglect
its own safety and to perish miserably a sacrifice
to its love ! . . . And those who, not ignorant
of the facts, encourage such things for fashion's
sake and for the gratification of a miserable
vanity, have a part in it, and are perhaps more
guilty than the wretches who are paid to do the
rough work."
Continuing to speak of the time when the
birds wear these plumes, this writer says: "It
is when in that gayer dress that birds are most
valuable for the purposes of fashion and for
other forms of decoration ; nor is this all ; it is
then that they are most easily found and taken.
The shyest, most secretive kinds lose all their
wild instincts in their overmastering anxiety
for the safety of eggs or young. And when the
poor bird, uttering piercing cries, its sensitive
frame quivering, its bill gaping, as if the air
could no longer sustain it in its intense agitation,
and fluttering its lovely wings to make them
more conspicuous, and by such means draw the
danger away from its treasures and onto itself
— when it has been ruthlessly shot for its feath-
ers— its fledglings are left to starve in the nest.
The mania f'or egret plumes is still so great that
it seems to exceed the former one for wearing
the bodies of birds, and it is quite as senseless.
Any observant person who notices these plumes
waving, not singly, but often in clusters, on the
heads of so many women, must know that the
slaughter has not been thousands but millions."
— Selected.
A XUMBER of clergymen have written to the
New York Voice in relation to the " new relig-
ous awakening" now going on in many places
in our country. Among the dangers to be
avoided, George S. Payson, of New York, men-
tions these: "Confounding feeling with prin-
ciple, or mistaking emotion for obedience to
Christ, and accordingly rushing forward to a
forced acquiescence with the revivalists' wishes
or will, and then deceiving them with the falla-
cious belief that thev are saved. The reaction
526
THE FRIEND.
Fifth Mo. 1, 189
from emotionalism, pure and simple, is disas-
trous to true spiritual life and growth."
" '~' Selected.
The European Concert.
"The socylled 'European Concert' has been
much derided of late, especially by people who
do not pause to consider that only in its reality
and continuance does there lie any hope of the
preservation of Peace.
" The massacres in Armenia were not checked
because of the want of agreement between the
Great Powers. There was no European Con-
cert to put an end to them. Had there been
they could have been stopped, and doubtless
would have been, by a single word. The un-
trustworthv and evasive Turkish Government
would not "have been foolhardy enough to at-
tempt any resistance had there been real una-
nimity between the Powers, and had they spoken
decisively with one voice. The evidence of L'jrd
Kimberley is conclusive on this point. Speak-
ing in the House of Lords, on January 19th last,
he said : ' I made every effort to obtain the co-
operation with Russia in this matter, and up
to a certain point I did obtain that co-operation.
My lords, my hopes were disappointed. There
came a moment, as the papers before the House
show clearly, when the Russian Government
was not prepared to go any further in the direc-
tion we desired to go. Under these circum-
stances, the course taken by the noble marquis
of asking the assistance of the Powers was the
only alternative that remained.'
"' E.xcept the alternative of war ! ' The reason
why Great Britain took no separate action in
the cause of Armenia was because, in the opin-
ion of successive Prime Ministers, Liberal and
Tory, such action would have meant war.'
"The advocates of Peace, especially, must re-
joice at even the appearance of any real concert
, between the Powers. It is what they have been
advocating and striving after. Agreement, co-
operation, union between nations and Govern-
ments— is what they have preached and worked
for. Their greatest difficulty, hitherto, has been
the absenceof any such thing. When the veteran
Jules Simon raised the question of disarmament,
and his words were taken up and warmly dis-
cussed by all classes throughout Europe ; and
when many thousands of influential persons in
this country petitioned for at least an arrest in
the growth of ariuaments until the close of the
century, the insuperable obstacle was the im-
possibility, as it was deemed, of anything like
concert. Even a simple conference to discuss
the matter could not be spoken of. There was
no one to l)egin — no Government who could
even dare to suggest such a step to the others.
"The Concert exists, and those who most
loudly derided it when it was a name only, and
nothing couhi be <ione, now as loudly abuse it
when it proposes to act.
" We may deplore that action and the neces-
sity for it, but the fiict remains that the Concert
of Euroi)e is the most hopeful factor in the
present crisis, as it has proved to be the most
useful.
" Forthe success of Greece in bringing freedom
to Crete is due to the existence of the Concert.
Crete will obtain her liberation because, thanks
to the Greeks, the Concert concedes it, and un-
dertakes to make it effective. . . .
" We object to the very idea of coercion. It
is never any real remedy for existing evils, and
this instance is no exception, for it leaves the
whole E istern Question untouched. The worst
calamity of all, both as regards Europe, the
Mussulmans in Crete and throughout Turkey,
(whose interests must be safeguarded as well as
those of the Christians, in any just settlement),
and even Greece herself, would be for self-in-
terest and mere aggraadizement to have their
unchecked way. Wrong is wrong by whomso-
ever committed.
" Then as to the future, there is hope in the
existing Concert: first as regards the general
work of Peace, amity and unity. If the nations
can confer, agree, and act together in one mat-
ter, they will learn to do so in others. If they
can unite in maintaining common interests, they
may find these interests multiply ; if they can
combine in preserving Peace for selfish reasons,
they may later for higher ones. _ It is the first
step that is of importance; it is the_ practice
that counts for so much ; it is the habit that is
everything ; and the first act may lead to prac-
tice and habit. So have the Peace people be-
lieved and taught.
" But, further, the larger Eastern Question
cannot be ultimately solved without such Con-
cert; for even if the long-dreaded scramble for
Turkey, and the resulting war, were to take
place, there would have to be, subsequently,
agreement of some sort — conference and co-
operation of a kind— between the few survivors
of such an awful catastrophe. Better the agree-
ment now than then. The continuance of Peace,
undoubtedly, to say nothing of freedom for Crete
and kindred nationalities, lies in a sincere and
effective European Concert. If that can be es
tablished now, it may even be found possible
eventually to solve the whole Eastern Question
without war. If not, it will not. It is our only
hope, therefore.
" Let us, however, be quite clear on this, that
International Peace, or even International Ar-
bitration, as a method and means of securing
Peace, is possible only through International
Concert."
Corn for Isdia. — Arrangements have at
last been made for the free transportation of
corn to India. The United States government
has chartered three steamers to carry corn to
India, one to go from San Francisco, the other
two to sail from New York. President J. A.
Sprunger of Chicago, III, has been appointed
by the Home and Foreign relief Commission to
superintend the gathering and shipmentof grain,
and the authorities have promised him room for
thirty carloads, all of which will be sent free to
the seaboard. There are many who have not
given any money because they had none to give,
but who will be glad to contribute some corn of
which there is great plenty in the country. The
corn is to be shelled. Sacks holding about two
and a half bushels each will be sent free upon
application to J. A. Sprunger, S. W. Cor. Har-
rison and May Streets, Chicago, III. All corn
contributed in Indiana, Illinois. Iowa, and the
Eastern states is to be shipped to him, and he
will sell it at Chicago, and buy corn iu Nebras-
ka for the cargo. The reason for this is that
the Illinois, Indiana, Iowa and eastern corn is
not so dry as that in Nebraska, and will not
remain in condition on the long voyage as well
as the Nebraska corn does. Secondly, corn in
Nebraska can be bought much cheaper than in
Chicago or farther east; hence there will be a
train to follow the proposed plan. — Herald of
Trath.
probably knows whereof he speaks, " one third
of the national income of England is spent ii
paying for the pist income (interest on w:ii
debts) ; another third is spent in getting ready
for future wars; aud only one third remains tc
discharge present obligations and set forward
the nation in the way of progress." Add ti
that the countless ills that afflict individuals as
the result of war, and the wonder is that th(
closing years of the nineteenth century fine)
civilized people still nursing their brutal and
barbaric instincts. — Ghrkliin Advocate.
War. — War is expensive — when it is over
when it is in progress, and when it is in pros
pect. According to Sir John Lubbock, who
Selected.
Divided Allegiance.
He who begius by halving his heart betweei
God and mammon, will end by being whole
hearted for the world and faint-hearted fo;
Christ. We are so constituted that it is im
possible for us to exercise a divided allegiance
we must be out-and-out for God, or we shall b(
in-and-in for the world and all its interssts.
Moreover, we become inevitably and insensi
bly assimilated to that which most completelj
absorbs our time and attention. One canuo
be constantly mixed in secular society without
not only losing something of his interest in th(
Divine society of God and angels, where he be
longs by his new birth, but also becoming him
self secularized. " Our citizenship is in heaven,'
says the Scripture. It is a sublime conception
that even while here in the flesh we hold resi
deuce among seraphs and saints of the New
Jerusalem. It is for us, therefore, scrupulously
to keep to our heavenly fellowship; to pa)
taxes where we live, and to refuse to be assessec
by any rival system to Christ's true Church-
simply because a divided loyalty is impossible
Odd-fellowship chills the ardor of Church
fellowship, and Free Masonry detracts froa
our interest in that " Jerusalem above, which i;
free and the mother of us all." We are aflinu
ing what a wide experience has taught us ii
this matter. We have never known a gooi
lodgeman who was a good churchman. W(
say " good lodgeman ;" we mean one who at
tends faithfully to his obligations to Masonr)
or Odd-fellowship, and gives the time and zea
and enthusiasm which his society-obligation de
mauds. Such an one has not enough of him
self left to beitow anything valuable on thti
Church. We are not going out of our way t( !
slur or abuse the secret society in what we say
we are only emphasizing a great principle—;
that a man cannot be two without ceasing to bi!
one,— that a Christian cannot sub-divide him
S3lf among many interests without subtractinfj
himself from some one interest. j
Let it be understood that, in what we art,
saying, we are not attacking the lodge so mucl
as magnifying the Church, and pleading for it
supremacy in our affections as the body of Christ
The true disciple is bound to adopt the doubh;
motto, " I believe and I belong." Many Chris \
tians believe in Christ without belonging td
Him; they give Christ their faith, and with
hold from Him their fealty ; they own Him
but shrink from being owned by Him. ^V'
plead for a service of Christ which is entire, un
divided, and wanting nothing. Therefore wi
urge upon Christians the duty of separation-
separation from associations that are secret, tba
they may live an open life of devotion to Christ
— separation from societies that assess a tax oi
time which isalready mortgaged for its full valuij
to the Lord ; — separation from bonds that hol(
men together by compacts ami oaths when the;i
ought to be free to yield with their full fore'
'ifth Mo. 1, 1897
THE FRIEND.
327
lo the attractions of Christ. Separation in orrler
0 coiiceutration.
This jilea may seera over-exacting, and the
!Ourse which it recoramends, if faithfully fol-
owed, may cause one to appear out of joint with
»is times. So it must be. A Christocentric
ban is often counted an eccentric man, but
luch are they who have moved the world and
Vill move it — men of one idea that they may
le men of universal sympathy — men centered
a Christ that they may make the world the
iircumference of their endeavor. — A. J. Gordon
k Danger Signals.
! Natural History, Science, etc.
■ Vitality of See(L<. — In an article under the
leading:, ''The Amazing Vitality of Seeds," in
ihich the writer stales that Dr. Isaiah Pile, of
'\anliliu Co., Ivans., dug a well and, at the
epth of a little over one hundred feet, struck
rock, under which was found " fine rich sur-
ice soil," which produced a wonderiul growth
f tropical vegetation, such as date-trtts, palms,
irubs, etc. This article has been qu(jted by
ther papers, but I am sorry to inform you that
lacks truth. When I read the article I thought
very strange, as the doctor and myself had
ir over twenty years been special friends, that
fe had never mentioned this to me, and thought
' would call his attention to this article the
text time he paid me a visit, which I did, not
'Dg ago, and he pronounced it a wonderful
irn. He said he dug a well, but not one hun-
red feet. He describes it thus : Went through
rt and gravel seventeen feet; through solid
ick twenty-seven feet ; under this rock was
ate nearly like coal ; went on this about three
et, making in all forty-seven feet; no rich
'il, no date-trees, palm, or anything of the sort.
■The Literary Digest.
' Gregarious Birds. — The lively, gregarious
rds of the tropics cannot endure to miss the
(ciety of their fellows. Wilson, the American
:ituralist, took with him in his travels in South
merica, one of the green parrots which he had
•med. This bird was a most afl'ectionate crea-
!re, but whenever a flock of its own species
j.ssed by, showed a strong desire to join them,
ilson soon caught a companion for his pet,
It by an accident it was killed, and the sur-
'cor was inconsolable. He then tried the ex-
[rituent of showing the parrot a small looking-
pss. As soon as the bird saw its image in the
irror, it .seemed quite contented with itsshad-
cy companion, and would sit for hours cud-
fid up against the glass with great satisfaction.
-16 flocking of the non-migratory birds after
ti nesting season is mainly due, not to the
pssure of hunger, or the pressure of food in
Irticular places, but to their love of society.
Hate summer and harvest-time, when the ftice
cthe country is one broad table of food for
t'; birds, they flock together solely for the
s;e of company.
'he SIillioxaiee and nis Clerk. — Girard,
tl millionaire of Philadelphia, one Seventh-day
0 ered all his clerks to come on the morrow to
h wharf and help unload a newly arrived
sip. One young man replied quietly ;
■ Mr. Girard, I can't work on Sundays."
'You know our rules?"
' Yes, I know. I have a mother to support,
b I can't work on Sundays."
'Well, step up to the desk, and the cashier
wl settle with you."
"Or three weeks the young man could find
no woik, but one day a banker came to Girard
to ask if he could recommend a man for casiiier
in a new bank. This discharged young man
was at once named as a suitable person.
" But," said the banker, "you dismi.s.-ed him."
" Yes, because he would not work on Sundays.
A man who would lose his place for conscience
sake would make a trustworthy cashier." And
he was appointed.— T/ie Pearl oj Days.
God Would Not Let Him Pray. — A
meeting was in progress at a certain place,
and a young man who was in attendance was
being urged by his friends to seek God, but he
would not yield. The Holy Spirit strove with
him, but he resisted, and would not consent to
give up sin. Like thousands of others, he put
off' salvation to a more convenient season, vainly
imagining that he would have plenty of time to
get ready to die, and that he could repent when-
ever he got ready — a woful delusion on the part
of sinners.
In the short interval of a week he was on his
dying bed. There was hurrying to and fro on
the part of friends, and a preacher was sought
for to pray with the dying man, but none was
near. There was a Christian man in the neigh-
borhood, and he was sent for. He was found
in the field plowing, and readily consented to
go. Leaving his plow, he speedily mounted
his horse and rode to the house of "the young
man whose life was fast ebbing away.
Arriving there he immediately went to the
bedside of the dying man and knelt down. He
stayed there on his knees several minutes with-
out uttering a word. Then he gut up and came
out of the room.
His seemingly strange action in not praying,
when he ha<l come to do that very thing, at-
tracted attention, and some one said to him:
" Mr. S , why did you do as you did in the
room in not praying for that young man ?"
His reply was very impressive. Said he
"The Lord would not let me pray."
Does this seem strange doctrine? It is but
in line with Jeremiah vii : 16 : " Therefore pray
not thou for these people, neither lift up cry or
prayer for them, neither make intercession to
me ; for I will not hear thee."
As it is true that the time may come in this
life when God will not hear sinners when they
cry for mercy, so it is equally true that the time
may come when he will not hear his people pray
for sinners (Jer. xv : 1 ; Ezek. siv: 12-20.)
Items.
Indian Schools. — The Indian Rights' Associa-
tion have >ent to President JIcKinley a strong
request for tlie retention of Dr. W. N. Hailmann as
Siii)f rintenflent of Indian Schools. The grounds
for this request are his eminent fitness for the posi-
tion, tlie t'Uecess which has attended his previous
labors in that position, and the accordance of his
retention with the spirit of civil service reform.
THE FRIEND.
FIFTH MO>'TH
PHILADELPHIA YEARLY MEETING COXTIXUED.
Fourth-day was principally occupied with
the reading and answering of the Queries. A
pleasing break in the business was made by the
visit of a woman Friend, who addressed the
meeting, and afterwards appeared in supplica-
tion in an acceptable manner.
The concerns which seemed to take the strong-
est hold on the feeling.') of Friend-, were on the
sultject of mini.-try, and an exerci.'-e of spirit on
behalf of the young meniljers; that through
submission to the visitations of Christ, they
might come into obedience to his manifestations,
and be prepared to gather up the fallen man-
tles of those w ho had been removed from earth,
and exjjerience the salvation of llieir souls as
the end of their faith. Near the close of the
sitting a few Friends were named to assist the
Clerk in embodying in a minute the exercises
of the meeting.
In the afternoon was held the adjourned
meeting of Ministers and Elders. .Jonathan
E. Rhoads returned the minute granted him
tw'o years ago, to pay a religious visit to Great
Britain, with information that he had performed
the service he had in view, had been received
with much kindness, and felt peaceful iu the
retrospect.
There was much expression of concern for
the young. The remaining Queries and An-
swers were considered, and the meeting ad-
journed to next year.
On Fifth-day morning meetings for worship
were held as usual in the city houses. In the
afternoon the remaining subjects contained in
the reports from the Quarterly Meetings were
taken up. The reports on education gave the
number of children of school age as seven hun-
dred and twenty-four. It was concluded in
future to make the returns more definite, so as
to include all children between five and twenty
years.
The reports of the use of intoxicating bever-
ages indicated some improvement in the con-
dition of that righteous concern — but, as has
sometimes before been the case, there was some
unprofitable discussion of the subject. After
the disposal of this matter, the meeting pro-
ceeded rather rapidly with its business. Re-
ports were read from the Con)mittee on Edu-
cation, from that on the Treasurer's Committee,
from the Indian Committee and that in charge
of Westtown School, etc.' The closing business
was a lively memorial for Rebecca S. Conard,
an Elder of New Garden Monthly Meeting.
Sixth-day.^At this concluding sitting, an
epistle of brotherly love to our Friends of Ohio
Yearly Jleeting was adopted, and also one of
a general character addressed to all meetings
and their members bearing the name of Friends.
The object of this was to encourage all to rally
to the support of our original principle.*.
The committee to assist the clerk had pre-
pared a minute on the exercises which had oc-
cupied the attention of the meeting. This was
very satisfactory to the meeting and called forth
much expression of unity, and desires that it
might be widely distributed among our mem-
bers.
A lively and infere.=ting memorial of Clark-
■son Sheppard revived the memory of one who
was greatly beloved by many among us.
After the adjourning minute had been read,
the Friends present sat for a few minutes in
solemn silence, and then separated, with a feel-
ing that we hi;d had a favored meeting, marked
with an unusual degree of unity of feeling.
A recent number of TJie Presbyterian con-
tains an article on the necessity of the obser-
vance of the ordinances so called, of Baptism
and the Supper. After stating that weakness
and disaster have followed in all cases where
they have been set aside, it adds, "The Quak-
ers have lost both spiritual and world-conquer-
ing power through their disuse of them."
328
THE FRIEND.
First Mo. 1, 189
The early members of our Society
"spiritual aud world-conquering power" in an
eminent degree, and yet the rejection of these
rights was coeval with their rise. The secret
of their strength was the power with which
Christ anointed them for his service. On this
their dependence was placed, and to the work
of his Spirit they constantly appealed. Through
the Divine blessing on the labors of the zealous
preachers whom God raised up and sent forth
many thousands were in a short time convinced
of the truths proclaimed by our early Friends;
and, laying aside all dependence on outward
rites and forms, came to experience the spiritual
baptism of Christ, and to partake of that living
bread and wine which gives life to the soul.
If our Society does not exercise the same
measure of spiritual power as it did in the be-
ginning, it is because the Head of the Church
does not bestow his gifts in equal measure;
whether this arises from unfaithfulness in the
recipients, or from his own will and pleasure.
It cannot reasonably be supposed to flow from
a disuse of outward rites, because there has
been no change in that respect in the position
of Friends.
One who believes with the writer of the arti-
cle in The Presbyterian, that the ordinances
" Are heaven-ordained sources of Church vital-
ity, growth and power" must find it difficult to
explain the rise of Friends without using such
channels.
John William Graham in the concluding
number of his series of papers on American
Friends, published in The British Friend, advises
that London Yearly Meeting should cease to
decide between the bodies into which separa-
tions in this country have divided Friends. He
says:
" We shall do wise to cease to feel bound to
adopt one side as right and the other as wrong
in any American dispute, past or present, but
shall do well to continue, by recognizing both,
to form yet one surviving link between them."
" Our right position is to be responsible for
nobody Isut friendly to all."
Although we believe London Yearly Meet-
ing has iu several recent cases come to a wrong
decision, in regard to divisions in this country,
yet the adoption of the course recommended
by J. G. W's article, seems to us much like a
formal refusal to bear testimony to sound doc-
trines, to be satisfactory to one who is sincerely
concerned to uphold our primitive doctrines.
SUMMARY OF EVENTS.
United States. — The Democratic members of the
Senate Finance Committee will not accept the propo
sition, made by ihe Republicans, to allow the Tariff
hill to be reported direct to theSenate without passin
thrdugh the hands of the full committee.
Tho Bureau of Statistics of the Treasury Depart-
ment has prepared an estimate showing that the value
of the farm lands in the Lower Mississippi Valley
now submerfjed is over $90,00(1,000. These lands last
year raised crops valued at $21,780,000.
For the first lime this year, and, indeed, for the first
time since la->t fall's election, gold has been engaged
for export. The amount is $1,000,000.
The chemist of the Agricultural Department, in
Wa'-hington, thinks that the oil made of sunflower
seed, which he says is a perfect substitute for olive oil,
is the coming sah)d oil.
.\ policecensus just concluded shows the population
of Washington City to be 277,483, an increase of 7,311
during the last two years.
" No. 2 reil winter wheat" sold in St. Louis on Fourth
Month liSrd at $1.03 per bushel, the liighest price
reached since 1890.
liovernor McLaurin has issued his proclamation
convening the Legislature of Mississippi in extra
session on the27lh of last month to consider questions
of State Finances and revenue, and the building of a
new capitol.
The Southern Pacific Railway Company is making
arrangements to build a bridge, to cost $5,000,000,
across the Mississippi River at New Orleans. The
Illinois Central, Texas and Pacific and Louisville and
Nashville roads will co-operate in the undertaking.
The Baltimore American says that neither in Mary-
land nor in Virginia has the oyster season been profita-
ble, and it never will he until oyster culture is fully
established along the bay and its tributaries.
Bamboo grows very thrifty in California bottom
lands, and is found to be a very useful plant. The
seed of many species resemble rice, and is almost as
valuable for food. The stalk may be used in the build-
ing of bridges, fences and barns, and in the manufac-
ture of water pipes, furniture and boxes.
The people of Adams County, AVash., propose catch-
ing a few squirrels, and, after inoculating them with
some disease, turn them loose in the hopes that they
will be the means of reducing the number of the pest^.
Florida has only two species of eagles left, the bald
head and the osprey, and these are being killed so
recklessly that the Legislature is asked to protect
them and their eggs to prevent their extermination.
Deaths in this city last week numbered .524, which
is 105 more than the previous week, and 32 less than
the corresponding week of 1896. Of the foregoing, 249
were males and 275 females: 64 died of pneumonia;
63 of consumption ; 46 of heart disease ; 24 of old age ;
23 of cancer; 22 of inflammation of the stomach and
bowels ; 21 of inflammation of the brain ; 20 of diph-
theria; 16 of convulsions; 13 of apoplexy ; 12 of scarlet
fever ; 11 from casualties ; 11 of typhoid fever; 10 of
inanition ; 9 of marasmus, and 9 of bronchitis.
Markets, &C.—V.S. 2's, 96i; 4's, reg., 111} a lllf ;
coupon, 112i a 113; new 4's, reg., 123J- a 123J ; cou-
pon, 124J a 124|; 5's, reg., 112} a 113}; coupon, 114
a 114J ; currency 6's, 103 a 107.
Cotton was firm and advanced j^c. per lb., middling
uplands being ofiiciallv quoted at 7Jc.
Feed.— Spot bran ranged from $14.00 to $14.50 per
ton for winter in bulk, and $13.00 a $13.50 for spring
in sacks.
Flour.— Winter super, $2.85 a $3.00; do., extras,
$3.10 a $3.25 ; Pennsylvania roller, .clear, $4.10 a $4.25;
do., do., straight. $4.25 a$4..50 ; Western winter, clear,
$4.10 a $4.25; do., do., straight, $4.25 a $4.50; do.,
do., patent, $4.50 a $4.70 ; spring, clear, $3.60 a $3.90 ;
do., straight, $4,00 a $4.20 ; do., patent, $4.30 a $4..50 ;
do., favorite brands, higher. City mills, extra, $3.25
a $3.50 ; do., clear, $4.10 a $4.30 : do., straight, $4.30
a $4.60 ; do., patent, $4.65 a $4.85. Rye Flouk.—
$2.25 a $2.60 per bbl. as to quality.
Grain. — No. 2 red wheat, 92 a 92.? c.
No. 2 mixed corn, 28} a 28ic.
No. 3 white oats, 24} a 25c.
Beef Cattle. — Extra, 5J a 5}e.; good, 4| a 5c.;
medium, 4i a 4|c.; common, 4J a 4fc.
Sheep AND Lambs. — Extra clipped, 4 J a4jc.; good,
do., 4} a 4^c : medium, do., 3| a 4c.; common, do., 3
SJc; clipped lambs, 4 a 5Jc.
Hogs. — Best Western, 6 a 6}c.; other Western, 5J
6c.: State, 5i a 5|c.
Foreign. — An explosion occurred in the under-
ground railway in Loudon on the 26th ult. as a train
was making its usual stop at Aldersgate Station. A
number of persons were hurt, ten seriously. The cause
of the explosion is not known, but is believed to have
been the result of an accumulation of gas. Many per-
sons, however, believe a bomb was exploded.
England imported $770,000 worth of bicycles and
exported $2,305,000 worth during the first three months
of this year, the-first year in which account has been
taken month by month of the trade in wheels at the
Custom House.
Dr. Murray, the editor of the great English diction-
ary now in preparation, says that " disproportionable-
ness" is not the longest word in the English language,
but that "anthropomorphologically," if not the long-
est, is the longest that has yet appeared in his dic-
tionary.
The report of the special commission appointed by
the Dutch Government to consider the scheme of
draining the Zuyder Zee says the undertaking is fea-
sible. The work would take thirty-one years for com-
pletion, and every year 10,000 hectares of land would
be restored to cultivation. A dyke thirty miles in
length will have to be con.structed, extending from the
extreme end of North Holland to the western coast of
Friesland. The building of this dyke, which will be
of a width 35 metres at the base and 6 metres high,
will take nine years. The total cost of the works is
estimated at £26,000,000, and the total value of the
land thus reclaimed is estimated at £27,000,000.
The quarries from which the ancient CJreeks ob
tained the highly prized Thessalian or verd marbli
were lost for nearly one thousand years, but were re
cently rediscovered, and are now being worked by ar
English company. They are near Larissa.
On the 22nd of Fourth Month, while King Hum
bert, of Italy, was on his way to the races, an iron [
worker out of employment, "attempted to stab hin'
with a dagger. The man was seized before he couh |
carry out his purpo.se. Upon King Humbert's returi ,
to the Quirinal thousands of people gathered about th ^
palace and gave him an ovation. The man who triei
to stab the king has been pronounced insane by phys:
cians.
It was stated in the British House of Commons oi
the 26th, that the Powers, having assumed the occu
pation of Crete before the war, had determined that th
island should be considered neutral, and the bloekad
maintained iu order to prevent opposition to their au
thority.
A fight on the 19th. in Milouna Pass, resulted in
complete victory for the Turks. The Greeks retire
to the Plain of Thessaly, after suffering great loss i
the contest.
The first seriously planned battle between the Turl;
and Greeks began on the 21st at Larissa. The Greet
were greatly outnumbered, but they fought despt
rately, and at night held their own.
After a fierce tight at Mati, on the 24tli, the Greet
retreated from Tyrnavo and Larissa to Pharsala, aboi •
twenty mile* due south of Larissa.
Edhem Pasha, the Turkish General, in an inte
view, says, " The Greek retreat was a general rou
They left everything behind, including immense quai
titles of artillery and munitions of war, which we wi
be able to make use of."
On the 26th ult. it was thought the Powers would ii
tervene to stop the war between the contestants. It w;
stated that Greece would neither solicit nor accept th
intervention of the Powers, and was preparing to n
gotiate directly with Turkey.
The total of the cases of bubonic plague in Bomb;
up to Fourth Month 22nd is 11,706. There have bw
10.020 deaths from that disease. Many of the inhabi
ants of Bombay are now returning to the city.
The visit of British warships to Delagoa Bay is
frustrate the intrigues of Germany, Portugal and tl
Transvaal to change the status quo to the disadvanta;
of Great Britain.
Buenos Ayres, according to the recent census, has
population of 663,850, or about 100,000 more than K
de Janeiro.
NOTICES.
Westtown Boarding School. — Applications f
the admission of pupils to the school, and letters
regard to instruction and discipline should be a
dressed to William F. Wickebsham, Principal.
Payments on account of board and tuition, ai
communications in regard to business should be fc
warded to Edward G. Smedley, Super intendsnt.
Address, Westtown P. O., Chester Co., Pa.
Westtown Boarding School. — For convenien
of persons coming to Westtown School, the stage w
meet trains leaving Philadelphia 7.17 and 8.46 A. :
and 2.53 and 4.32 p. m. Other trains are met wh '
requested. Stage fare on regular trips, fifteen cen
on special trips, twenty-five cents each way. To rea
the school by telegraph, wire West Chester Phone !
Edward G. Smedley, Sup'l.
Wanted. — A competent Friend to take charge
I boarding house near the city. Apply by mail to
J. B. Wood, 209 Price'St., Germaiitown, Phi
DiKD, on the seventh of Second Month, 1S97, at t
home of her son-in-law, West Branch, Iowa, Mab
R. Hirst, in the eighty-seventh year of her age
member of Hickory Grove Monthly Meeting of Frier
and a consistent standard bearer of theirdii
■nishi
faith. She had survived her husband, John Hii
nearly eight years. Her quiet, uncomplaining spi
was an adornment to her profession, by which
could perceiveshe diligently sought to tread that p;
which leads to the gates of eternal day.
THE FRIEND.
A Religious and Literary Journal.
VOL. LXX.
SEVENTH-DAY, FIFTH MONTH 8, 1897
No. 42
PUBLISHED WEEKLY.
Price, if paid in advance, $2.00 per :
Subscriptions, payments and business conn
received by
Edwin P. Sellew, Publisher,
No. 207 Walnut Place,
(South from Walnut Street, between Third and Fourth,)
PHILADELPHIA.
Articles designed for insertion to be addressed to
JOSEPH WALTON,
MooRESTOWN, Burlington Co., N. J.
Entered as second-class matter at Philadelphia P. O.
For "THE FRIEND."
The Early Religious Experience of Thomas
Shillitoe.
' Thomas Shillitoe's Journal gives the follow-
ig account of his early life :
; "I v/as born in Holborn, London, about the
econd Month, 1754. My parents were mem-
ers of the national church, and zealously en-
aged to bring up their children in the due
bservance of its religious rites and ceremonies,
nd everj' moral duty. In my infancy they
'.ft the place of my birth, and settled in White-
tapel, until I had attained about the twelfth
ear of my age. My father had, for many years,
lied the office of librarian to the society of
rray's Inn. His situation calling for his daily
tendance, and feeling the infirmities of old
^e coming upon him, it became necessary to
lange his place of residence, which induced
im to take the Three Tuns public house at
ilington, and move there with his family.
This change exposed me to great temptations,
sing naturally of a volatile disposition, and
irly addicted to vanity. Before, I had been
3pt close within doors, seldom being suffered
'go into the company of other children, except
■ school ; but now I was exposed to all sorts of
)mpany,and allowed to ramble over the village
iprotected, both by day and late of an evening,
irrying out beer to the customers, and gather-
g in the pots, and wailing upon such com-
my as came to the house. First-days were
merally the most busy days I had, being scarce-
ever able to get to a place of religious wor-
ip. This, by long continued neglect, became
matter of the greatest indifference to me;
hieh had not been the case before my parents
langed their abode. I can now recur to the
^tisfaction I at times experienced, in going with
y parents to what is called church ; but my
':posed situation in my father's house, opened
almost every vice, and the artifices of such
'illy disposed persons as I had at times to do
; th, had nearly effected my ruin. My father
ing unacquainted with this business, and of
!i easy disposition, by lending his property
•"id other means, wasted what substance he had,
'lich obliged him to quit this line of life, and
tire to apartments provided for him and his
Jniily, in Gray's Inn, and live on his salary.
I was now about sixteen years of age. A
person who frequented my father's house, and
who had been an officer in the army, having
begun business in the grocery line in AVapping,
proposed to my parents to take me as an ap-
prentice for five years, to which they agreed.
Here my situation was not improved, as re-
spected good example ; fur my master was given
to much liquor and company ; and his wife from
her mannerof being brought up, was not a suita-
ble mistress for me. These things, together with
the examples of wickedness exhibited in the
neighborhood, rendered my new situation every
way a dangerous one. But though thus exposed,
adorable Mercy met with me,Tind awakened in
my mind a degree of religious thoughtfulness.
I endeavored to obtain an acquaintance with a
young man in the neighborhood, towards whom
I felt an attachment, from an apprehension that
his countenance bespoke him to be of a serious
disposition. His company proved helpful to
my preservation, from going greater lengths in
folly and dissipation thau I might otherwise
have done ; and his example awakened in me
again that liking which I once had for attend-
ing a place of religious worship, when I had
the opportunity; but this did not often occur;
my master and mistress spending the First-day
from home, in pleasure, I was left to take care
of the house. My master's inclination for com-
pany and strong drink caused him to neglect
his business ; and after I had been wiih him a
little more tlian one year, he was compelled to
give it up, and move to Portsmouth, where he
opened a shop in the same line. I felt regret
at being obliged to leave my new acquaintance ;
and the more so, as my exposure to temptation
was not at all lessened by my change of resi-
dence. A sense of the necessity of care how I
formed new acquaintance was in mercy awak-
ened in me, to which I endeavored to give good
heed. In time a sober, religiousyoung man,
rather older than I was, attached himself to me ;
and our intimacy was of mutual benefit, con-
tinuing the remainder of the time I staid in this
part of the country.
The neighborhood in which my master re-
sided, exposed me more to the danger of being
drawn aside from the paths of virtue, than any
other part of the town; this circumstance, to-
gether with the little probability of my making
any improvement in a knowledge of my business,
induced me to write to my parents to procure
my indentures, which being effected, I returned
toLondon, and obtained a situation in the same
line of emplov. Although I did not mend my
situation, as respected the neighborhood I set-
tled in, yet the change was abundantly for the
better as respected my master, who was a sober,
religiously disposed man, and a great help to me.
He1)eing a constant attender of the Foundling
Hospitaf chapel, I became his companion on
First-day mornings, and in the afternoon re-
sorted to such places of worship as were noted
for popular preachers. In this situation I re-
mained about three years, until I became ac-
quainted with a young man, a distant relation,
descended from the Society of Friends. I then
forsook the Foundling Hospital chapel, and
other places of worship which I had frequented,
and kept solely to the meetings of Friends, on
First-day mornings. But my motive for this
change was not a pure one ; my chief induce-
ment being to meet my young relation, and go
to dine with him, lii.-i acquaintance causing rae
to neglect the attendance of a jjlace of worship
the remaining part of the day, which had been
my uniform practice for the last three years.
My new companion also took me to the most
fashionable tea-gardens and other places of pub-
lic resort, where we spent the afternoon, and,
at times, the evening; this led the way to ray
giving greater latitude than ever to my natural
inclination. Still I continued to attend Friends'
Meetings on First-day morning for more than
twelve months, but spent the remainder of the
day in pleasure. The retro.-pect did not pro-
duce those comfortable feelings which I had
once known, when this day of the week was
differently occupied ; and I was again, in un-
merited mercy, met with, and my attention ar-
rested to consider the misery into which the
road I had now chosen to travel would eventu-
ally lead me, if I continue to pursue it.
Feeling a decided preference to the meetings
of Friends, I continued my attendance; experi-
encing an increased care to observe the time
appointed and to be diligent also in the attend-
ance of afternoon meetings. The more faithfully
I gave up to these impressions of duty, the more
my desires increased after an acquaintance with
the Almighty, and the knowledge of his ways.
Earnest were my prayers, that in this day of
his powerful visitation^ in mercy renewed to my
soul, he would not leave me, nor suffer me to
become a prey to ray soul's adversary, that his
hand would not spare, nor his eye pity, until
an entire willingness was brought about in me,
to cast myself down at his holy footstool.
As resignation was thus wrought in me, to
yield to the purifying operation of the Holy
Ghost and fire,— that the fan of God's word and
power should effect the necessary separation
between the precious and the vile, correspond-
ing fruits were brought forth in me, and mani-
fested by my outward conduct. I soon found
that mv old companion considered me no longer
a fit one for him, and our intimacy ceased."
From Sexate to Prize Ring. — It seems
inexplicable that a man who was once the hon-
ored representative of a great State in the United
States Senate, and who, by the election of his
colleagues, was made Vice President pro tem-
pore of the United States, should cast these dig-
nities and honors behind his back and consent
to be present at a prize fight as the widely ad-
vertised, and probably well-paid, reporter of
one of the most vulgar"newspapers in the coun-
try. Think of it, a senator for eighteen years,
and presiding officer of that dignified body,
taking his place among the roughs and toughs
of the land, and describing one of the most
brutal exhibitions that degraded manhood has
ever presented to the world. Such service un-
330
THE FRIEND.
Fifth Mo. 8, ISt
doubtedly received large pecuniary compensa-
tion, but what was gained in dollars and cents
is far from being commensurate with what was
lost in dignity, honor, self-respect, and charac-
ter.
Strange fates have overtaken some men who
once stood in places of power and honor in our
country, and that to which the brilliant former
senator from Kansas has succumbed is quite as
strange and unfortunate as any. — Selected.
Memorial to the Citizens of the United States.
It is related of the Greek philosopher, De-
monax, of the isle of Cyprus, who at the begin-
ning of the second century resided at Athens,
respected for his simple life, and full of kind-
ness to all, that when a show of gladiators was
about to be exhibited, he presented himself be-
fore the assembled people and told them that
they should pass no such decree until they had
first removed away the altar of pity. Only in
the preceding generation, the Apostle Paul,
standing in the midst of Mars' Hill, had de-
clared unto those Athenians who was the "Un-
known God" that they ignorantly worshipped,
rebuked them for their idolatry and supersti-
tion, and reasoned with them of righteousness,
temperance and judgment to come.
Today, eighteen centuries further along in
the world's course, the demoniacs of the prize
ring are let loose upon society, a multitude of
people bow down in all their idolatry of ani-
malism, and the Lord Christ, who is the "Altar
of Pity," Head over all things, is certainly far
removed from their hearts. Yet may we de
voutly thank God that it was by no decree of
the Nation that within the borders of the snial
lest populated of its States, there was given op
portunity to ingloriously prepare and to enact
the recent brutish spectacle of the prize r'
One after another had the States (with a single
exception perhaps of the one unnamed) by legis-
lative enactment brought pugilism under the
ban, while Congress itself had forbidden prize-
fighting in all the national domain.
The good name of the nation has been out-
raged not so much by the disgraceful event of
a specially brutal encounter between two hu-
man beings, as by the very reprehensible course
of a large number of daily papers in exploiting
from first to last the prize-fighters and the fight.
" We can recall no one thing in the history of
the country" says a prominent, influential daily,
" that has done so much to demoralize the press
and the public as the continuous babbling be-
tween prize-fighters and their associates" that
has found publicity in the newspapers during
the last five years." "There is every reason to
expect," continues the same editor, " a whole-
some reaction of public sentiment, not only
against the reckless and babbling bruisers of
the ring, but against the public journals which
have done so much to teach brutality and law-
lessness as attributes of modern manhood."
Unfortunately, some millions of our people,
especially those young in years, who will have
been so seriously damaged, morally, through
the papers which gave them the babbling of the
prize-fighters and their sympathetic associates,
will know little of the wholesome reaction of pub-
lic sentiment that is expected to set in. They seek
only the class of papers which may be depended
on to cater to their unhealthily warped or de-
praved instincts. Before theCongress that ended
with the late presidential administration adjourn-
ed, there was an opportunity presented to uphold
the nation's good name, by the prompt passage of
the bill entitled "A bill to prohibit the trans-
mission by mail or interstate commerce of any
picture or description of any prize-fight or its
accessories." The Commerce Committee of the
house of Representatives (Aldrich, chairman),
in its favorable report of the bill, properly said
that it "simply protects the more advanced States
which have forbidden pugilism as brutal and
brutalizing, against having prize-fights brought
into their borders in pictures and descriptions
which are only a little less harmful than the
degrading sport which they describe." May
the simple enactment of this (re-intrcduced)
bill, mark as well the h€althy reaction, as an
honest purpose to protect the honor of the coun-
try at a point where it has been so grievously
assailed to its hurt!
Keep Your Word With The Children.
— We cannot estimate too highly the importance
of keeping faith with the children. When once
that is destroyed, the corner-stone of our influ-
ence is taken away, and it will not be strange
if the whole structure crumble around us, over-
whelming us with trouble and unavailing sor-
row.
It is related that the Earl of Chatham had
promised that his son should be present at the
demolition of a wall about his estate, but through
accident, it was pulled down in his absence,
His hrdship felt the importance of his word
being kept sacred, so he ordered the wall to be
rebuilt, that his son might le present when it
was again demolished, as he had promised. It
was not that a child's whim might be humored
but that his faith in his father's woid might be
unshaken.
Those little open eyes take sharp note of our
actions from a very early age. You may some
times get on the blind side of older people, but
rarely of a little child. They go right through
the flimsy disguises of sophistry s.nd worldly
l)oliteness, and come down to bare plain facts
A little child had been promised the next
time grandpa came he should go home with
him. The next time came, but the promise
was not fulfilled, so the child reminded him of it.
" You don't think grandpa would tell a lie ?"
asked the old man, sadly concerned.
" I don't know," answered the child, " what
does grandpa call it?"
A mother promised a cake to her little boy
when she returned home, hut, being absent for
several hours, she forgot it. The little boy had
been watching long at the window for her, and
his disappointment was great, but not so great
as his amazement at his mother for breaking
her word. " Forgot" was a word whose mean
ing he did not know. Mother went quickly
out and bought the cake ; but still the trouble
lingered in his mind, and he was heard sayin
softly to himself, by way of comfort, "Mother
on\j forgot." He could not bear to think she
had told a lie. Have your children equal sen
sitiveness with regard to your truthfulness?
One almost trembles to hear the scores o
promises which thoughtless mothers make, with
no thought of ever fulfilling them. But chil-
dren very soon learn to value them at what
they are worth ; and who can estimate the con-
sequences to their souls of this early lesson in
falsehood ? — Selected.
Meetings for worship are intended for ou
spiritual profit. If we come away from them
without a corresponding improvement of mind
and heart, our attendance upon them has been
a failure. '^Ve may have heard a great sermon,
listened to fine music, gratified our curiosit
and eased our consciences, but our souls hav
received no proper uplift and our lives becora
barren of gracious results. We may be able t
talk about the drawing attraction of the hou
but we have gained no rich, abiding experienc
and no impulsion in spiritual and practic:
directions. — Tlie Presbyterian.
A Letter from Paris.
Oh, I have found the most interesting litt
old boiMjuiniste possible to imagine, with h
stand along the banks of the Seine, not far froi
Notre Dame. His face is always beaming wit
smiles, and he dances up and down his lor
line of boxes as sprightly as if his hairs wei
not white and his figure bent. I find it qui
impossible to pass without taking a glance, f
he has such treasures of old books there, an
always only those in excellent condition. Tl
other day I found some perfect beauties and too
them without hesitating. He hunted qui
awhile for some paper to wrap them in, an
produced at last a newspaper, quite brown an
stained, and spread it carefully on the stoi
wall, saying apologetically as he did so, " ce
est pas sale, mademoiselle, c'est seulement u
peu vieux, voyez" (it is not soiled, miss, it
only a little old, look) and he pointed to tl
date, 1848. "Cela ne fait rien" (that amoun
to nothing) I said, and added, that one sa
very clearly his books were better cared f
than any one else's there. At this he straigl
ened himself up, making himself as tall as pt
sible — he came about to my shoulder — ar
said, with a knowing nod, " Oh, yes, the othe
are of a little different class." I left him a
parently very happy in the pleasant consciou
uess that his books were just a little better th:
those of the other bouquinistes along the riv(
At that moment he was evidently not trouble
with the thought of comparison between hii
self and those who had risen to the dignity
a store; it was very much lietter to be the bf
bouquiniste on the Seine than be among ti
poorerownersof a store. But I sl)«ll soon ha-
to be going again to see what new treasures 1
has gathered. It is really quite fascinating (
a pleasant afternoon, with the delightful bree
from the river, and the sunshine iliuminatii
the beautiful cathedral on the other side,
stand and look over an interesting collectii
of books.
But to-day way a fete day in Paris. I ha
not taken the trouble to find out what it is ;
about, only I know it is something belongii
to Lent, and the city seemed to have lost i
wits, and its citizens partly running wild, as
it was carnival time. I had occasion to go
the city (there were no lectures to-day), and
crossing over the place " Palais Royale," to w;
for an omnibus, I received a large shower
bits of bright- colored paper in ray face. I soi
saw that everybody was covered with the
and that the crowds rushing by were nearly;
provided with large sacs full of tiny circul
ijits of paper, which they threw in each othe
faces, or in those of harmless unarmed perso
attending to their own afl^airs. I was forced
wait three quarters of an hour before I cou
get a seat, so I had nothing to do but wat
the crowds. There were people in all sorts
costumes with ridiculous masques, dancing ai
cutting up all sorts of capers in tlie streets, ai
one poor dog I saw who did look so absurd
and pathetically funny, with a baby's big b;
net, running around. People were carryi
'Fifth Mo. 8, 1897
THE FRIEND.
331
little babies dressed up like clowns, and there
Avere old women with masques, dressed like lit-
tle children, and acting as though they had
lost their wits. As I finally secured a place in
theomuibus, the scene presented coming up the
avenue and across the Place de I'Opera, was
Something curious. It was warm and the win-
dows were open, so that before we had crossed
;he Place we were almost buried with paper
lakes, for the crowd hurled in handfuls on
Bvery side. But the worst feature of it is they
lave rolls of paper, like a roll of narrow ribbon,
,vhich they hurl, and the afi'air, as it unwinds,
s carried by the breeze until it catches on a
■ree, or window, or wire, and there it hangs,
j^ards and yards in length, streaming in the
preeze. Looking down the boulevards, they
leemed to be hung with bright colored curtains,
0 dense were the ribbons together. I think it
j. most unhappy custom, and those miserable
•ags of paper will hang there in forlorn coudi-
ion for weeks and weeks, for they are so matted
lat even the rains cannot do much towards
vearing them away. On coming to the house,
lline assisted me in shaking from my clothing
.nd hair, the quantity of bits of paper still cling-
Dg to me. I felt no desire to return back into
he town this evening, when the play will be
•,t its height.
26[h. — There was a very interesting lecture
0-day at the College de France, upon " The
jabor Question in the United States." The
,3Cturer had evidently been recently in Ameri-
;a. The topic discussed to-day was "Private
Institutions of Charity," and especially in re-
tard to what was done by private citizens to
'meliorate the condition of the laboring classes
brown out of employment during the winter
f 1893. The hall was greatly crowded, show-
ag much interest in the subject. This is some-
iiing which has struck me from the first, al-
iiough I have not been in France long enough
J form a judgment of much value, that the
pinion entertained of us Americans by the two
ationalities, French and German, is entirely
,ifierent. I suppose that a part of this, at
iast, is due to poliiical causes, but still more
J the fact that French tastes, French manners
nd the French mind, is more in harmony with
ur own than that of the German people. The
rermans are plodders and thinkers, but they
re seldom the first to realize the fruits of their
wn inventions or discoveries. As a general
ling there is spread abroad among them a
;eling of — I scarcely know what to name it —
JDtempt is much too strong — but weaken it and
iat is what I mean, against the French and
le Americans. The feeling against the for-
ler is largely owing to political causes, but
itends much farther than that. Though they
egin studying the language at seven years of
|e, and continue it for seven years ; studying
S structure and fine points in a way that we
,3 not study anything in America, they never
•ach a point where they grasp its real fineness
■ its spirit, their very knowledge of its form
revents that.
Remember, I speak in a general way and
3t of particular individuals. But they are
it to blame for this. The structure of their
• inds prevents them from doing justice to the
ranch mind. It is a subject that I often dis-
issed with the French Professor at Gottingen.
was amusing to him, with all the German's
"ofessed dislike of the nation, that his lectures
intinued to draw such crowds. He did not
link that in any but a German town of only
venty thousand inhabitants, a course of lec-
tures in a foreign language would draw such a
number of people together.
The Americans as a rule are classed as a peo-
ple like the P^rench, superficial and devoted to
pleasure, without any real culture. There is,
no doubt, only too much truth in this, but in
realizing our lack of solid culture, they fail to
grasp the worth of our ingenuity, our readiness
to grasp ideas on all sides, and to turn to profit
what we have thus gathered. Germany is at
present struggling between the old world and
the new. She is of a turn that makes herding
desperately to the old, and America is the place
from which the new ideas come. Above all,
America is responsible for the spread of" Wom-
an's Rights," and no self-respecting German
man can ever forgive her for that. I feel con-
stantly called upon to defend our good points,
and to call people to reason. I can give no
idea of how many times I heard the remark,
" The Americans do so and so," simply because
the individual who spoke had seen one Ameri-
can with a particular habit. I came to be quite
dreaded in this line and reached the point where
at last I had taught those with whom I came
in contact to avoid this manner of thoughtless
speaking.^ An instance to the point — the Ger-
man's pay the greatest possible amount of at-
tention to the graves of deceased relatives —
keeping them personally in perfect order, and
and as they celebrate always the birth-day of
each member of the family while living, so they
Continue the custom after they are gone, and
one sees the graves on the anniversary of the
birth of the occupant, decorated with flowers ;
this is often kept up ten, or even twenty years
after the death of the member of a family. No
one who has seen something of the beautiful
home life of the Germans, can help realizing
in this custom something very touching and
admirable. I had one day expressed to a friend
with whom I visited the grave of her father,
who had been dead a number of years, my ap-
preciation of the beauty of the care for the
graves, which I noticed among the Germans,
but I expressed at the same time my personal
feelings in relation to the matter, and that for
me there was no connection between the resting
place of the body and the reality of what I had
loved on earth. I also explained that part of
this feeling was due to the teachings I had re-
ceived as a child, for the sect to which my par-
ents belonged did not permit the use of "tomb-
stones, or any decoration of the graves of any
kind.
It was several months afterwards, when in
company one day I heard this same person an-
nounce with emphasis, " The Americans take
no care whatever of their graveyards, and have
no monuments or decorations of any kind." I
was indeed surprised, and immediately begged
of the company not to attribute to my country
all my own personal peculiarities, nor those of
the sect to which I belonged, and that as a mat-
ter of fact nothing could be more lavish than
the display made in America on such occasions,
although it was essentially ditfcrent in charac-
ter from that in Germany. I mention this to
show how easy it is to give wrong impressions,
and how one needs to be careful of what one
says.
I have two difl'erent routes in going from
here to the University. The one which I pre-
fer passes many of the most beautiful buildings
in the city. From the top of the omnibus one
has a very fine view. There is a large square
that one crosses just before coming in front of
Notre Dame. I am always interested in pass-
ing there, becaus^e of the crowd-: of j) lur wretches
who are f.^i there every day by th.- city. Of
course the food, which consists of bread and
coffee, is not given to every one that comes;
the applicant must have a ticket certifying
that he or she is really needy. I do not know
the regulations, but I like to watch the old
women go up with their cups, each taking their
turn, and to see them pass on, looking very con-
tented with the material comforts they po-ssess.
The men and women are served separately, and
I do not see any that do not seem reasonably
in good spirits.
Every time I pass Notre Dame, or indeed
any other gothic structure, I am struck with
the feature common to them all, of the water
spouts ending in grotesque dragons, dwarfs, etc.,
etc., out of whose hideous, gaping mouths the
water pours in time of rain. Notre Dame sim-
ply swarms with them on every side, and they
produce a very curious effect.
This line, after passing Notre D.irae, crosses
the river and terminates at the Jardin des
Plantes. This is one of the interesting features
of Paris, for here are accumulated the muse-
ums of natural history, the zoological and bo-
tanical gardens. The museum of objects of
natural history is the richest of its kind iu the
world, and probably the best organized. The
Jardin des Plantes, which was in the beginning
simply a botanical garden, was founded in 1635,
but it is from 1732, when it was given over
into the hands of the great Buflbn, that its real
history begins.
A large number of the courses in natural
history are given here, and are all open and
free to the public. I am constantly impressed
with the generosity of the French in this re-
spect, everything seems to be done on such a
large scale, and every possible opportunity
given to the public to improve their knowledge
if they choose. E. S. K
For "The Friend."
Grammatical Use of Words.
[Our well-concerned Friend, Joseph J. Hop-
kins, has sent to us the remarks which follow on
the grammatical use of the plain language of Thee
and Thou to a single person. The wide-spread
use of Thee in the nominative case, we regard
as a curious example of the force of habit and
of the manner in which certain forms of speech
maintain their hold in the community. This
use of the word Thee is not peculiar to Friends,
but in parts of England, where the singular
pronoun is commonly used, we find the same
custom. Therefore we do not believe that its
use is always due to a desire to avoid the cross.
Yet the grammatical use of words is desirable
in itself, and among a people so generally edu-
cated as our members are, a comformity with
the rules of grammar may reasonably be re-
quired.— Ed.]
Why is it that members of our religious .So-
ciety, who appear in some respects to be well
concerned in regard to the requirements of our
holy religion, should yet ignore, or slight and
so mar or spoil the beauty of the pure language
of the Truth, and of the Scriptures, by substitu-
ting (hee instead of thou.
I am often pained at my very heart, at hear-
ing and seeing our plain-looking members, and
those, too, filling, or occupying prominent star
tions in society, and in the world, who iu con-
versation or writing will put the pronoun thee
where it should be fhoit, and thus sadly lower
the high and holv standard our earlv Friends
332
THE FRIEND.
Fifth Mo. 8, 18S
in the Truth were raised up by power from on
high to uphold and promulgate, in the face of,
and before a world lying in wickedness. And
many had to suffer deeply for this very thing,
of using the plain Scripture language correctly,
which many amongst us can so easily slight.
Again I ask. Why is it? Is it not because
of the cross? Shall we not remember what the
Lord said, " He that deuieth me before men,
shall be denied before my Father and the Holy
Angels."
Many years ago, when our religious Society
stood on a higher plane, perhaps, than at the
present day, some faithful Friends of Ohio had
to go into committee to plead for some testimony
that we, as a religious Society, have committed
to us, and, in granting the petition of the court,
the judge delivered this strong testimony to them,
viz: " You come here with your broad brims,
and your thys and your thous, and we cannot
withstand you." This I had from Benjamin
W. Ladd, himself one of the committee. So
that we may draw from this objective lesson
the force of the necessity of faithfulness in the
entire upholding of all the precious testimonies
handed down to us of the present time from
those sous of the morning of a brighter day.
For we may lop off the branches of a flourish-
ing tree, one after another, until it shall have
no branch upon it of a fruit-bearing nature, to
tell by its productiveness, what manner of tree
it was.
When a lad, the writer was conveying a cou-
ple of faithful Friends from Baltimore to the
neighborhood of Gunpowder, a small meeting
within the limits of Baltimore Yearly Meeting.
It was a period when the blessed Truth was
very precious in my sight, and the Spirit of the
dear Redeemer was very near in the heart,
wooing and drawing into the sacred enclosure,
saying, "This is the way, walk thou in it," and
letting me know that I must take up the cross
and use the plain language thee and thou cor-
rectly as I found it in the Scriptures.
The simple pronoun thee, I had been taught
when a child, and used it; but to turn now and
use thou instead seemed more than my poor
weak faith was equal to. When to my surprise
the two ministering Friends began to speak of
the very matter that was uppermost in my mind,
though at the time we svere entire strangers,
and I had said but few words to them. They
commenced by saying what a pity it was that
the beautiful Scripture language of thee and
thou should be so miserably abused and muti-
lated, as was the case in our religious Society,
such as putting thee where it should be thou. I
having been deceived by the enemy of souls up
to that time, thinking that none but the pure
in heart should use that truly dignified language.
They still going on in conversation upon the
same subject, and the writer in deep attention
listening to every word uttered. While they
went on to tell of a vLsit they made to a semi-
nary of learning, where the principal of the
.school was a member of Society ; and the first
words he used were, "How is Ihee?" The
Friend who told it said that it almost knocked
him down, coming as it did from a teacher of
things true and right.
The writer then a.sked if they thought that
it would do for any one to use that pure lan-
guage. They did not see why all should not
use it, as it was the language of the Bible, also
the same that was spoken by our blessed Lord,
and the same that was used to Adam, and so
by the wisest and best of men down to the pres-
ent time. And that it was according to the
rules of grammar. That we should all wish to
use a form of speech grammatically correct, and
more than that, it was beautiful and harmonious.
I had no further objection to make, but was
dumb with silence, musing upon the salutary
lesson of instruction taught me by those two
ministering spirits, my companions. A lesso
I trust, never to be forgotten.
Joseph J. Hopkins.
Gap, Lancaster Co., Pa.,
Fourth Month 9tli, 1897.
For " The Friend.'
MY SUNSET PRAYER.
"Oh, Lord, I'm weak and long for rest,
I'm facing now the setting sun ;
O, let no ill my peace molest,
My work bejow is nearly done.
My journey's end I fain would see,
And all my dear ones gathered there.
Have mercy, O, my God on me.
And save my soul from blank despair.
" For I am feeble, old and lone,
Dear sons have passed within the veil.
Loved ones I leaned on, all are gone.
O, Christ, my hope ! Thou wilt not fail.
No silver, gold, or worldly pelf,
Can aught avail to shield or save — ■
My only hope is from thyself,
The treasures of thy grace I crave.
" Hide not thy face from rae, I pray,
O, fill my heart, and there abide;
Support me, or I sink away,
O, dwell with me through eventide.
Long hast thou pruned me o'er and o'er.
And looked for fruitage ripe and fair.
Alas ! that I should yield no more,
With all thy faithful, tender care.
"No work nor merit can I plead —
I'm weary, worn, heart-sick and sore.
O, Father help me in my need ;
Renew my strength, revive, restore;
And lead me from this home so fair.
Without regret or silent grief;
Another field for me prepare.
To gather oft a goodly sheaf.
"Now all I have is wholly thine.
My life anew I consecrate,
Be thou my solace, Love divine.
My strength and joy, the while I wait ;
My every want do thou supply.
And make thy gifts in me abound,
The hungry soul to satisfy.
And crumbs of comfort scatter round."
Thus having prayed, with quickened ear,
I listened for some message clear;
Some word the Spirit might apply.
My troubled heart to pacify.
AVhen lo, a voice came, soothing, sweet,
My own responsive soul to greet.
In tones melodious and low.
It said within, in rythm slow,
" All thou hast asked is freely given,
And more awaits thee toon, in Heaven.
Fear not, arise, and onward press,
A few years more to help and bless.
When all earth's lessons thou hast learned,
And peace and power through conflict earned.
Then wait serene thy sunset hour.
In tranquil joy — no cloud shall lower —
" And listen for the glad ' Well done,'
Or, 'Come up higher,' faithful one.
When all earth's varied scenes forsaken.
In Heaven's morning dawn thou'lt waken.
What holy rapture, sweet repose
Will .supersede thy worldly woes.
The joy awaiting thee is more
Than all thy heart has known before.
"Then yield thy breath without a sigh.
The Lord is there and heaven nigh ;
Kind friends will guard thy mortal rest,
Kind angels guide thee homeward, blest.
Then hallowed be thy soft repose.
Where living water gently flows.
How blessed then thy perfect rest.
Till called to do thy Lord's behest.
' Thy treasures here so freely given.
Are multiplied for thee in heaven ;
True riches there, a hundred fold
Return for all in finest gold.
The love thou craves laid up in store.
With truth and good, find evermore.
O then, with Christ and heaven allied.
Thou thalt be ever satisfied.
' In blooming youth, with agile feet,
Thou'lt walk elate the golden street.
Will join the seraph choir and sing
High praises to thy risen King.
Review the paths on earth thou trod.
Recount thy mercies, bless thy God ;
On loving missions glad thou'lt go.
In loving service, as below."
Selected.
Arabian Nights' Fancies and Latter-day Fad'
THE FAIRY GRAVITATION.
Far back in the hills west of Mauch Chunl|
Pa., lie great beds of coal. They were madi
under the sea long ages ago, raised up, roofei
over by the Allegheny Mountains, and kep
waiting as great reservoirs of power for the us4
of man.
But how can these mountains be gotten
the distant cities by the sea? Faith in wha
power can say at least to the ashes of theei
mountains, " Be thou removed far hence
cast into the sea ?" It is easy.
Along the winding sides of the mountalDJ
have been laid two rails like steel ribbons &I
a dozer, miles, from the coal beds to water i
railroad transportation. Put a half-dozen loade
cars on the track, and with one man at th
brake, lest gravitation should prove too willini
a helper, away they go through the springtimi
freshness or the autumn glory, spinning
singing down to the point of universal distribt
tion.
On one occasion the brake for some
would not work. The cars just flew like a
arrow. The man's hair stood up from frighj
and the wind. Coming to a curve the cars ke{
straight on, ran down a bank, dashed right int
the end of a house, and spilled their whole '
in the cellar. Probably no man ever laid lE
winter's supply of coal so quickly or so unde
sirably.
But how do we get the cars back? It
pleasant sliding down hill on a rail, but wl
pulls the sled back? Gravitation. It isjuj
as willing to work both ways as one way.
Think of a great letter X a dozen miles long
Lay it down on the side against three or foa
rough hills. Bend the X till it will fit th
curves and precipices of these hills. That
the double track. Now when loaded cars ha\
come down one bar of the X by gravity, drai
them up by a sharp incline to the upper en(
of the other bar, and away they go by gravib
to the other end. Draw them up one more ir
dine, and they are ready to take a new
and buzz down to the bottom again.
I have been riding round the glorious moui
tain sides in a horseless, steamless, electricityles
carriage, and been delighted to find hundred
of tons of coal shooting over my head at tb
crossing of the X, and both cars were drawi
in opposite directions by the same force of grav
ity in the heart of the earth.
MORE MOON HELP.
At Foo-Chow, China, there is a stone bridg
more than a mile long, uniting the two pMl
of the city. It is not constructed with arohet
but piers are built up from the bottom of th
river, and great granite stringers are laid hor
zontally from pier to pier. I measured
of these great stone stringers, and found
Pifth Mo. 8, 1897
THE FRIEND.
333
to be three feet square and forty-five feet long,
rhey weigh over eighty tons each.
How could they be lifted, handled, and put
in place on slender piers over the water ? None
jfour modern derricks could swing the mighty
mass. How was it done ? There was no Her-
biiles to perform the mighty labor, nor Amphion
.0 lure them to their place with the music of
lis golden lyre.
Tradition says that the Chinese, being astute
istronomers, got the moon to do the work. It
„vas certainly very shrewd if they did. Why
i)ot use the moon for more than a lantern ? Is
't not a part of the " all things" over which man
,vas made to have dominion ?
: Weil, the Chinese engineers brought the great
jranite blocks to the bridge site on floats, and
vhen tiie tide lifted the floats and stones they
olocked up the stones on the piers, and let the
inals sink with the outgoing tide. Then they
)locked up the stones on the floats again, and
vs the moon lifted the tides once more they
'ifted the stones farther toward their place, until
it length the work was done for each set of
tones. — Bishop Warren.
The Curse of Austrian Milit.\rism. —
in Austria, every male subject of the Emperor,
vhen he reaches his twentieth birthday, must
eport himself for service. In Third or F(;urth
tlonth of every year, notices are posted up in
'ach parish, throughout the Dual Monarchy,
tating in which neighboring town the " Assen-
ieruiujs Commmion" will shortly sit. These
Oom missions are composed of regular officers
.nd army doctors — generally a board of about
wenty altogether — who choose the recruits.
Ill must come to the board ; blindness or lame-
less afl'ords no reason for absence. Cases have
icen reported where friends have carried the
wenty -years-old subject of his majesty on a
tretciier before the Commission. When re-
acted as unfit, by three consecutive Commis-
ions, the applicant is considered free, though
ubject to a yearly tax, fixed according to his
iQcial standing. Statistics show a steady in-
irease yearly of the percentage of rejections as
ihysically unfit, particularly of the young men
rem the big towns. The causes are not diffi-
ulttoseek : excessive hours of labor, low wages,
nsufiicient nourishment, and the horrid im-
;aorality so rampant in the large cities in Aus-
ria. It is stated that in the manufiicturing
own of Reichenberg, in Xorthern Bohemia, iu
''ourth Month last, only twenty-six per thou-
and of the recruits summoned were considered
t for service! Every man serves under the
olors three complete years, without exception,
'"hen he remains seven years in the Reserve,
'nd passes after this period into the militia for
wo years. When these twelve years have
lapsed, the soldier is free from duty in the
vent of war, the Government having no longer
claim upon him.
Barrack life in Austria presents not many
*leasant features. The rank and file receive
aeh a sixpence every fifth day ; five round
Daves of black bread, weighing two pounds
ach, every sixth-day ; and eight small pack-
ts of dreadfully-smelling Government tobacco
■ uring the course of the month. Breakfast at
ix A. M., means a pint of coffee, and dinner at
we.lve noon a quarter-pound of the inevitable
oiled beef, with about the same quantity of
egetables. There is no tea or supper allowed,
scept what the soldier can enjoy from his sur-
lus portions of black bread. And the state-
jent often made is true, that without extra
monetary aid, the greater part of Austria's At-
kinses could not pull through these three years.
Help comes from parents and friends, and ser-
vant girls are equally important factors iu the
matter. But in the country parts of Galicia,
Bohemia and Moravia there exists a specialty
peculiar to Austria — I mean peasants so pov-
erty-stricken, helpless, and uneducated as to be
termed by the Socialists " dead material." They
fill the ranks in large numbers, and for the first
time in their lives enjoy butcher's meat daily.
JIany surreptitiously sell their packets of tobac-
co, and thereby gather together about fifty shil-
lings at the expiry of their terms of service.
These Slovaks and Croats quit the ranks to be-
come beasts of burden again with much reluc-
tance, and alone form the exception to a gen-
eral rule. — The Speaker.
For "The Fkiend."
Are We Growing?
M. L. BARKER.
The farmer who would be successful in his
business must study those various conditions
which favor the growth and maturing of his
products, and the chances of success are in favor
of him who endeavors to put to the best prac-
tical use his own and the experience of others
in the same line. What is true of the farn)er,
is true throughout the whole business world.
But if the rule holds good in the business world,
it is equally applicable in every field of human
endeavor.
The elements of growth and decay, or in
other words the conditions yhich lead to success
or failure, must be sought out and their morale
applied.
it becomes, then, one of the most momentous
questions which can claim our attention. Are
our own powers, phy.<ical, mental and spiritual,
growing stronger, as nature intended, and if not,
why? Is the one talent ; are the three talents or
five talents which have been entrusted to us
lying idle, or, are we cultivating them to our
own and to the Master's use ? Along with the
talent has been given the means of multiplying
it. The conditions of growth are within our
grasp, and the first duty which we owe to our-
selves and to the world, is to employ those con-
ditions in augmenting our powers, or at least to
prevent an unnatural decay.
Nature has been compared to an open picture
book, in which we have scarcely learned to read.
The pictures allure us, yet they are but the
beautiful expression of problems which all but
frighten us with their profound import. But
because we are children in nature's school, de-
lighting to feast our eyes upon the beauty of
the picture, rather than delve deep beneath the
surface touches of form and color, iu order to
learn the story which they tell, is no reason why
we should not endeavor to grow to manhood.
What may be the design of our Creator in
imbedding deep in the mysterious twinkling of
the stars, in the fossils of the past, and in the
beauty and symmetry of the myriads of objects
about us, the grand principles governing our
own lives, growth and destiny?
We are lovers of the beautiful and the won-
derful, and it is a beautiful thought, at least,
that all that is beautiful and sublime in nature,
is but a standing and tangible appeal to us to
delve deep into her hidden mysteries. It im-
plies eilbrt — work — but in such lies not only the
glory of manhood, but the making of manhood.
Nature teaches that individual effort is the first
essential to growth, and the only ladder which
leads to success. Carlyle has said that '• All
work is Divine; work, broad as the earth, has
its .summit in heaven."
While nature rewards the lawful exerci.se of
power, with increa.sed capacity, so it punishes
the disuse or abuse of inherent energies. Indo-
lence or inactivity, whether it be physical or
mental, is punished morally by discontent with
all its attendant evils, and organically by physi-
cal degeneration. It has been said that para-
sites are the paupers of nature, gaining the two
ends of their lives, food and shelter, without re-
lying upon their own resources. At first thought
we might suppose that in the great struggle for
existence, those forms of life which lived at the
expense of others, because they could be safer
from their enemies, eat and drink more easily,
and live more leisurely, had gained a decided
point over their hosts, who honestly depend on
their own resources for gaining a livelihood.
But nature does not encourage any such cheat-
ing or robbery ; on the contrary she argues that
the disuse of a function is a confession that it is
not needed, and accordingly takes it away. The
organism, then, instead of being allowed to as-
cend in the scale of life, must step down a notch
for every breach of the law of development by
use. The hermit crab furnishes an example in
illustration.
The surest clue which shows to the naturalist
the place in nature allotted to certain fn-ms of
life, is their early embryonic condition. So in
the case of the hermit crab the fact is revealed
that it was originally intended to occupy a
high place in the kingdom of Crustacea. But at
some point in its history, in order the better to
protect itself from its natural enemies and the
rude waves which dashed it from rock to rock,
it sought shelter in the cast-off shell of some
mollusk. This trait being transmitted from
generation to generation, it lost the necessity
for its natural coat of mail and swimming ap-
pendages, which one by one were lost or ren-
dered wholly useless. Thus it has lost its cour-
age and independence of life, and continually
drifts down toward the lower kingdom of mol-
lusca, one of whose shells it appropriated. " I
will take from him even that which he hath,
and give unto him which hath ten talents," is
but the Divine expression of a natural law.
Nature does not stop with merely punishing
the oflender; on the contrary, she makes ample
compensation to the iujureil party. While the
weaker individuals succumb to the influence of
parasitism, the stronger survive, and thus through
the survival and reproduction of the fittest the
race is lifted up to a higher plane of existence.
Physical or phj-siological blacksliding finds
its parallel in the intellectual sphere, as also in
the Christian's life ; and in endeavoring to solve
the question whether or not we are growing, we
should remember that the law of development by
use, as opposed to the law of degeneration, be-
comes more rigid in its demands and more de-
cided in inflicting the penalty for disobeying, as
we trace its course through the intellectual and
spiritual spheres, according as they are higher in
the scale than matter. The moral, deduced from
nature, and which is applicable to every phase
of human life and society is to steer straight in
the path which the Creator has laid down.
Parasitism, in its worst forms, is preying upon
the vitals of human society. While public opin-
ion may assign so much of the crime and misery
in our midst to intemperance, pride, sensuality,
or the morbid love of money, we may find that
in these special weaknesses we are only reaping
the fruits of a false education or discipline of
our powers. Idleness, whether it is of the mus-
334
THE FRIEND.
Fifth Mo. 8, 189*'
cles or the brain, feels honored if it can wear
the badge of honest toil. There are men who,
bearing the name of Christians, hide their deeds
of shame beneath the church walls, forgetting
that the crumbling ruins will sometime reveal
their hiding places.
Or again, there is another class of men, who
perhaps are accounted industrious, moral and
upright, yet who seeking for an easy path of
duty and "looking to the instrument, instead of
the Power which should lie back of it, cast their
spiritual reliance upon a human or priestly me-
diator which is utterly unable to save them. It
is without a parallel in nature, for where a para-
site lights upon a means of support, it is always
sufficient to sustain it.
As revision of creed, in itself, can not give a
newness of heart, neither is legislation the natu-
ral or most effective means of lifting us out of
the evils of society. Civil law is but a confession
of weakness. It may impose its penalties, but it
can not cure the propensity. While its enforce-
ment may act as a restraint, it is like the opiate
which eases the painful effects, and not as the
specific, directed against the cause of the disease.
(To be concluded.)
Evil Tendencies of Boxing and Prize-Fighting.
The following article was sent to the Public
Ledger, of Philadelphia, about four years ago,
and may have had its influence, along with
similar righteous concerns of faithful men, in
causing the entire suppression by this news-
paper, of the details of the recent brutal contest
in this country, so discreditable to our nation.
— W.E.
The growth and development of a taste for
pugilistic performances, as manifested in the
public displays and exhibitions of that charac-
ter in the theatres, and also in the Academy of
Music, in Philadelphia, have been a source of
much concern to the writer, believing, as he
undoubtedly does, that such exhibitions must
result in brutalizing the minds and feelings of
our citizens who attend them, and will foster a
demand for prize fights, which are akin to the
gladiatorial shows of ancient Rome in their
barbarity and utterly debasing tendency, and
also in their entire inconsistency with the be-
nign principles of Christianity.
One of the triumphs of Christianity is assumed
to be that it tends to do away with these blood-
thirsty shows, and substitutes therefor amuse-
ments of a more elevating character, and more
in harmony with what should be the aspirations
of a being originally created a " little lower than
the angels, and crowned with glory and honor."
But if we are to tolerate these brutal shows,
which are not only an unmixed evil in them-
selves, but create an appetite for something still
more bloody, what advance have we made on
our heathen ancestors? For it will be found,
on referring to the disgustingly detailed reports
given in the columns of the public press, that
on more than one occasion of late years prize
fights have resulted in the death of one of the
combatants, and even in the case of what are
called trials of skill, judging from the .source of
information above alluded to, serious bodily in-
jury is likely to be inflicted on the parties en-
gaged. And what must be the effect on the
minds of our youth when they are told in the
printed accounts of such trials of skill that this
or that combatant had the credit of drawing
the " first blood," and also of giving the " only
knock-down blow ?" Unless some check can
be put upon the apparently increasing disposi-
, tiou thus to pander to the low, degrading and
sensual appetites of human nature, it may result
in a general corruption of the social mass, and
we know from the teachings of history that
when such a condition of national depravity is
arrived it is followed, it may be slowly, but
nevertheless surely, by national degradation or
extinction. In a conversation lately had with
the respected Director of Public Safety, Abra-
ham M. Beitler, of Philadelphia, he said, in
substance, that tJiere probably never has been a
time in its history when there were more arrests
of juvenile effenders for crimes of a high order
such as burglary, than during the last few
mouths, and he attributed this state of things
partly to the amusements that are placed within
easy reach of the young. The ensnaring char-
acter of these amusements becomes more wide-
spread by the exciting and detailed accounts
and advertisements of them given in the public
press. It is well to bear in mind that the pros-
perity and even the existence, of our nation and
the popular form of government under which
we live, eminently depend on the virtue and
morality of our citizens ; and that, under the
gracious ordering of our Almighty Ruler and
Caretaker, we may, by faithful occupancy of the
high position assigned us among the nations of
the earth, either become a blessing and a means
of diffusing spiritual and moral light to the
peoples of the Old World, or, if we prove our-
selves unworthy of this high trust, and by our
downward and sensual course frustrate the Di-
vine plan, we may be blotted out from the face
of the earth. " Righteousness exalteth a nation,
but sin is a reproach to any people " (Prov.
xiv: 34.) Joseph Rhoads.
Marple, Delaware Co., Pa.,
Fourth Mo. 21sl, 1893.
Natural History, Science, etc.
Animals in Sickness. — Ducks and canaries
peck sick and ailing birds to death, and pigs
are born bullies, the smallest of the litter — the
" petment," as it is called in East Anglia — being
invariably bitten, and deprived of its food. Car-
nivorous animals rarelyinjureasick or wounded
member of their tribe, though wolves, when
pressed by hunger, devour the weakest, and
jackals will at once assemble and tear to pieces
a wounded member of the pack. But I lately
heard a curious instance of the instinct to destroy
the injured among the larger cats. Some rougli
ground in Oudh was being driven by beaters,
when a cheetah appeared before one of the guns
and was badly wounded. Another cheetah ap-
peared immediately after, and came up to the
first, which it seemed to urge to follow it. The
wounded cheetah was unable to move, and the
second, on discovering this, sprang on it, caught
it by the throat and killed it, and was shot as
it bounded away after this deliberate murder.
Monkeys, with some notable exceptions, are
some degrees worse than savage men in their
treatment of the sick. On the new Jumna
Canal, at Delhi, monkeys swarm in the trees
upon the banks, and treat their sick comrades
in true monkey fashion. The colony by the
canal being overcrowded, and, as a consequence,
unhealthy, did, and probably does still, suffer
from various unpleasant diseases. When one
monkey is so obviously unwell as to offend the
feelings of the rest, a few of the larger monkeys
watch it, and taking a favorable opportunity,
knock it into the canal. If it is not drowned
at once, the sick monkey is pitched in again
after it regains the trees, and either drowned,
or forced to keep aloof from the flock.
At the Zoological Gardens the monkeys tor-
ment a sick one without mercy ; and unlei
is at once removed from the cage, it has litth'
chance of recovery. The small monkeys bitf'
and pinch it, the larger ones swing it round bj^
the tail, and when quite exhausted or dead, as!
many monkeys as can find room sit on its body'
The writer was informed that some years ag(
at a hawking party on Salisbury Plain, a fal
was flown at a carrion-crow, which it strucV
after a long flight, and the two birds came dowi
like a parachute to the ground. The party gal
loped up, and were about to dismount to taki
up the falcon, when the mate of the crow sud
denly descended from a great height, with s
velocity that the wings made a whizzing souqc
like that of a falling stone, and dashed on W
the falcon. The force of the blow struck thi!
hawk from its quarry, which was uninjured b]|
the grapple in the air, and both crows flew of'
unhurt into a copse near. In this case the cron'
clearly understood the cause of the danger, anc'
the possibility of a rescue when the falcon
on the ground and least able to act on the of
The Chemical Make-up of a Man. — Manyo:'
us will be familiar with the arrays of bottles;
occasionally displayed in museums, representing
the various elements and their proportions o:
which the human body is composed. It is nowi
many years since Professor Huxley compiled;
the table upon which these displays have t
based. Just lately the Paris Academy of Sci-
ences has published a new determination, givj
ing the same values for a man weighing eleveui
and a half stone (one hundred and sixty-omi'
pounds). It may he noted that, while Huxlej'
allowed three per cent, for other than the fouij
chief " organic elements," the new table givef
them less than two and one-quarter per cent
For out of the one hundred and sixty-onet
pounds we have assigned as follows : " Oxygen,'
one hundred and eleven and one-half pounds?
hydrogen, twenty-one and one-half pounds J
carbon, twenty-one pounds; nitrogen, three and
one-half pounds. Besides these, only the cali
cium (two pounds), and phosphorus (one and
one-quarter pounds), which, with oxygen, goto
form the mineral part of the bones, and the so-
dium and the chlorine (some two ounces each),
which are chiefly combined as salt, are presenli
in easily appreciable quantities. Indeed, the
sulphur, iron, potassium, magnesium and silicon,i
which are the other elements capable of easy»
estimation, only add up to six hundred andi
twenty-three grains, or less than one ounce and
a half. Of iron, eveu, there is only one hum
dred grains. That must have been an elegantly
slender ring which the loving wife had fabri-
cated from the iron obtained from her
band's blood on an occasion when the apothe-
cary had bled him heavily. Perhaps the fabrir
cation was not entirely confined to the iron :""
the h\oo(i.— London Friend.
Java for Snakes. — Some parts of this island have
at least ten poisonous species. The Illustrated
Family Newspaper gives an account of the Imho
Sugar Estate, of 12,000 acres, on which eight
deaths have occurred in four months. Twelve
miles off is a ruined city, Ohom, a wilderness
of deserted temples, exquisitely carved. From;
arched passages under these are hundreds of
windowless chambers, haunted by quantities of
snakes. An English naval officer who was col-
lecting reptiles was. attacked a few years ago
by a python fifteen feet long. Seeing a yellow-
mass in the recesses of a chamber, he thought-
THE FRIEND.
335
lessly poked it. Instantly the mass flung itself
it him, its fangs were buried iu his shoulder,
md its coils had him as a vice. The lad with
ii;ra fortunately broke its neck, but a lash of
he tail broke his leg, and the two lay help-
ess until discovered two hours later. The
houliler was so crushed that the arm remained
iseless, but both recovered. The account says
hat in Batavia Museum is the skin of a python,
ifhicli, when alive, must have been fifty feet
oug. — London Friend.
. Phiiful Fishes.— The N. Y. Sun says : " It
3ems that not many persons are aware that
rhe delicate whitebait, which are considered such
:. delicacy in England, are natives of the waters
lereabouts, and that at certain seasons they
warm in the enclosed waters about New York.
i?hey are the fry of the ale-wife, and during
he latter part of the summer they are to be
!)uud in the harbors and inlets and rivers con-
iected with it in enormou.? numbers. They
ravel about in schools, and are apparently as
jlayful as kittens. If you drift down upon a
hoal of this little fish they will let you approach
intil you can almost touch them, but if you
nake a single movement every little tail goes
p with a flash and they disappear.
"An idler, watching a school of whitebait on
he Shrewsberry River one day last summer,
law them cutting up some amusing capers. A
jittle stick had drifted into the swarm of deli-
cate striped fishes. Presently one little white-
I'ait darted out of the water and sprang clear
iver the stick. Then another went over it.
i)tbers followed, leaping from the same side,
nd then another lot of them began leaping
ver the stick from the other side. Pretty soon
ne air in the neighborhood of the stick was
'live with the fishes, some leaping over it in
ne direction and some in another, and the sun-
'ght was caught and reflected from their sil-
ery sides and from the broken water that they
ihrew up as they played, it was sent forth in
rilliant prismatic colors. The watcher drifted
bwly nearer, and the play was going on more
Lirious than ever, just under his eyes and not
')ur feet away, when he incautiously moved his
ead. There was one wild flash and then the
ame ended, and a moment later theie was noth-
ig left of the display except the little stick."
'he Thirty-Fourth Annual Report of
THE Executive Committee of " Friends'
' Freedman's Association," of Philad'a.
The last Annual Meeting, as will be remem-
ered, instructed us to place the Christiansburg
nstitute under the care of Booker T. Wash-
ington, to encourage theieat extended teaching
f the Industrial Arts, and to expend for all
urposes of the Institute during the school year,
hding next month, the sum of two thousand
ollars.
In fulfilment of these instructions, Booker T.
V^ashington appointed Charles L. Marshall,
jperintendent of the Institute; John J. Gold-
'ire, teacher of carpentry, wheelwright work
nd l)lacksmithing, and Anna L. Patterson,
caching of sewing; Phebe T. Grimes, of cook-
ig, and others, whose names have been pre-
iously reported by us, to teach those things
est learned from blackboards and books.
A first class sewing machine with iis outfit
as been secured, and a modest blacksmith and
heelwright shop have been nicely equipped,
n aid of these undertakings certain Friends
ave given specific sums of'cash ; C. C. Knight
'- Bro., bars of iron and steel ; Powell & Mad-
dock, certain valuable wheelwright tools, and
the Biddle Hardware Company, some black-
smith tools, and iu addition some farming im-
plements.
The equipment includes an excellent iron
forge and a hub boxer.
Up to this time our boys and girls have pro-
duced from this little plant the following out-
put:
From carpenter, wheelwright and blacksmith
shops: light buggy ; 5 bedsteads ; .3 washslands;
3 towel-racks ; 4 tables ; center table ; 2 book
cases; kitchen utensil case; ironing board;
lap board for sewing room ; black board ; tool
rack ; vise bench ; drafting table ; push cart,
frame and body ; coal house; flooring iu black-
smith shop; 4 steel hammers; 6 iron horse
shoes of diHerent patterns; 15 iron lap links
of different sizes; o iron rings: 8 iron staples;
S wrench ; key wrench.
From sewing department: 5 bed tickings;
10 pillow tickings ; 7 comfortables; 10 sheets;
10 pillow cases; fancy quilt; 7 towels; 6 nap-
kins; 4 wool dresses; 2 cotton dresses; 4 night
dresses; 5 night dresses; 4 work aprons; .5
work aprons for girls ; 2 pairs sleeves for boys ;
2 pairs sleeves for girls ; 4 handkerchiefs ; pair
drawers; undersuit for women; pair crochet
slippers.
From the cooking school: a procession of
articles which have daily become " Though lost
to sight to memory dear."
These handicrafts and the study of books
have divided the school hours about in propor-
tion of three to four, and in like proportion has
the time been divided between hammers, planes
and other tools, and spelling books, grammars,
readers, arithmetics and the like.
Your Committee would be glad if the whole
of one teacher's time could be given to the man-
ual arts and the carpenter, wheelwright and
blacksmith shops be kept open all day long.
Could this be so, there is reason to believe
that numbers of well grown youths, desirous
above all else of acquiring these trades, would
from time to time offer themselves as appren-
tice journeymen without pay, and thus, at little
cost, would such a supply of labor be kept up
as would give the departments some paying busi-
ness, and make them self sustaining or perhaps
profitable.
This arrangement would require an additional
teacher in the literary department, at a salary
of about two hundred dollars.
The literary work of the Institute has i)een
maintained on the lines heretofore reported.
Two members of our Committee, who recently
passed twenty-four hours at the school, were
gratified to observe the trend of such instruc-
tion to be increasing towards the solid, substan-
tial and necessary.
A large public meeting at Twelfth Street
Meeting-house on the twenty-ninth ult., was
instructively and eloquently addressed by Book-
er T. Washington, on behalf of the Christians-
burg work, which has his earnest sympathy and
active expectant oversight.
Certain specimens of the handiwork of our
pupils, which have been prepared for exhibi-
tion to the Association, and which are now
presented for your inspection, were on the sixth
instant, shown to a gathering of about one hun-
dred and twenty-five of the parents and adult
friends of the pupils, and elicited their lively
and enthusiastic interest, and will doubtless
produce the same sentiments in yourselves.
The County Superintendent of schools for
Montgomery and Pulaski counties, together
with the school teachers of those counties, have
forwarded to the State Superintendent of Edu-
cation a reque.st that a colored normal school
be conducted at (.hristiansljurg during the com-
ing summer. In submitting to the Association
these many evidences of the importance of its
work at Christiansburg, we earnestly recom-
mend that the work be continued, and with
renewed zeal.
The details of receipt and expenditure are
given in the accompanying Treasurer's report:
Contributions amounting to SI, 16.3. 40 have
been received for this year's work, to maintain
which S339.00 have already been advanced
from the capital of the Association.
Of the §2,000 appropriated to Christiansburg
for the current school year, about 8500 remains
to be pai<l. All of this is needed promptly.
The Treasurer of the A.ssociation is David
G. Alsop, Provident Life and Trust Building,
409 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.
By order of,
The Executive Committee,
Richauu Wood, Chairman.
THE FRIEND.
FIFTH MONTH 8, 1897
We have reason to believe that, on the part
of some of our younger Friends, there is a failure
to properly understand and appreciate the mo-
tives of their elder brethren and sisters, which
prompt the concern they feel and the advice
they give to those over whom they watch with
loving interest.
From the first establishment of Meetings for
Discipline, they have been regardeil as essen-
tially religious meelitigs, in which the business
was to be transacted not by human wisdom or in-
fluences, but under the government of the Spirit
of Christ. George Fox advised Friends to " hold
all their meetings in the power of God.' The
advices contained in our Book of Discipline are
in harmony with this, as is shown by the follow-
ing extracts therefrom :
" The love, power and peaceable spirit of the
Lord Jesus Christ being the alone true author-
ity of all our meetings, it is the fervent concern
of this meeting that they may be held under the
sense and influence of that holy unction."
" In some places there may have been a want
of care rightly to distinguish and seasonably to
bring into action the talents bestowed upon some
in the early stage of life. But we believe that
many who were evidently under the forming
hand, have been suddenly laid hold of, and in-
troduced into service before that preparation of
heart hath been sufficiently experienced which
leads to a reliance upon Divine direction and
redeems from a confidence in the natural under-
standing."
When George Fox was moved to set up Meet-
ings for Discipline in the Church, he advised
that the members of them should be faithful
men and women. In the early days none were
expected to attend them until they had been
invited by Friends. This rule was afterwards
relaxed, and the way was opened for all of the
young to come, in hopes that they might prove
schools of instruction, But, as Joseph Pike
states, some of these, not growing in the Truth,
have become troublesome to the Church. That
deeply experienced Christian says that, when
about twenty years of age, be was invited to be-
come a member of the Men's Meeting at Cork
— an offer which he accepted, though feeling
336
THE FRIEND.
very unworthy, in hopes of being benefited
thereby. He adds that he sat among them for
some years before he presumed to speak much
to what came before them. " Yet I joined in,
heart and soul, with those who were exercised
for the Truth." If the same spirit prevailed
among all our young people, they would be pre-
served in a humble, teachable state; would
recognize the authority with which the Head
of the Church clothes those of his servants whom
He has appointed to watch over the flock, and
grow in usefulness in their several services in
the Church. For it is no man's learning nor ar-
tificial acquirements, it is no man's riches nor
greatness in the world, it is no man's eloquence
nor natural wisdom, that makes him fit for gov-
ernment in the Church of Christ. All his endow-
ments must be seasoned with the heavenly salt,
his spirit be subjected, and his gifts pass through
the fire of God's altar. On the Spirit of Christ
rests the real authority of our Meetings for Dis-
cipline. Hence it is evident that the remarks
made therein by those who are living in obedi-
ence to that Spirit ought to have more influence,
and will have, with judicious persons, than the
speeches of those whose senses are not yet ex-
ercised to discern between good and evil — and
this is the case whether they be young in years
or among the aged.
Holding these views, it is natural and right
that those Friends on whom the burthens of the
Church mainly rest should watch over its pro-
ceedings with solicitude, as they who must give
an account of their stewardship, and should be
grieved when either young or old act in such a
way as to evidence that they are not moving in
the obedience of Christ.
It is a grievous mistake for the young and
inexperienced to suppose that this godly con-
cern indicates any want of sympathy with their
younger members. On the contrary, the fathers
and mothers in the Church rejoice with un-
feigned joy when they see others yielding to the
operations of the Spirit of Christ, and thus be-
coming prepared for usefulness in the Church,
and to assist in supporting the principles which
our Society has ever held.
SUMMARY OF EVENTS.
United States.— The monthly slatement of the
public debt shows that at the close of business on the
30lh ult., the debt, less cash in the United States
Treasiirv, amounted to 1998,244,132, a decrease for
the month of $5,718,068.
The exportation of wood and wooden ware, lumber,
wooden boxe=, staves and shingles from the United
States to foreign countries — chiefly England and Can-
ada— amounted in value last year to more than $20,-
000,000. The importation of wood and wooden manu-
factures of all kinds amounted to $17,000,000, showing
a small balance on the side of the United States.
The aggregate export <'f gold last week was $6,.537,-
022. It all goes to the Continent, and is said to be
ordered for Austria, which is now willing to pay the
best price for it. This Austrian demand for gold,
coupled with the increased demand for exchange to
pay for the large imports of foreign goods now coming
over in anticipation of the new tariff' and to meet the
expenses of the army of American tourists abroad,
makes the gold export.
The Washington correspondent of the Public Ledger,
writing on the 3rd instant, says, " The exports of gold
within the past ten days have had very slight effect
thus far upon the Treasury. The free gold shows a
loss since Friday last of $o,7.J0,000, but there has been
an increase in United Staler notes of $7,3-50,000, while
the net cash shows an increase of over $120,000. The
customs receipts continue at the same rate which has
marked the average daily receipts for the past two
months, the amount received Saturd.iy and to-day ag-
gregating upwards of $4,000,000. There is no alarm
at the Treasury over Iheexport of gold, nor will there
be any ground for apprehension so long as a strong
gold yield of California last year is estimated
'e been $17,181,562, an increase over 1895 of
balance is maintained through the ordinary channels
of business."
William J. Deboe has been elected United States
Senator from Kentucky, by the Legislature, at Frank-
fort. The vote was : Deboe, 71 ; three other candi-
dates, 64.
The Supreme Court of Mississippi has decided that
a juryman may be a witness at one and the same time.
Au order has been issued forbidding the sale of
liquor in the restaurants of the Maine Central road._
" Natural gas in immense quantities " has been dis-
covered In an artesian well at San Antonio, Texas,
The _
to have
$1,847,245.
The town of Guthrie, Oklahoma, was overwhelmed
on the morning of the 2Sth ult., by what is described
as " a mighty wall of water," which came down the
Cottonwood River, which was already flooded by un-
precedentedly heavy rains during the preceding four
days. The flood carried away about five hundred
liou.=e.5, besides wrecking many others. It is believed
about twenty persons, mostly negroes, were drowned.
A despatch of the 27th ult., dated Newport News,
Va., says ; " Fire broke out in the Chesapeake & Ohio
Railroad Company's Pier No. 5 at an early hour this
morning, and before the flames were checked, damage
to the extent of $2,000,000 had been done. Two of
the company's immense piers were destroyed, three
vessels burned to the water's edge, a tugboat entirely
destr.iyed, and eight persons injured, some of them
seriously."
A great fire br.ike out in Pittsburg, Pa., on the
morning of (he od inst., causing a property loss esti-
mated at $3,000,000.
Deaths in this city last week numbered 489, which
is 35 less than the previous week, and So more than
the corresponding week of 1896. Of the foregoing, 229
were males and 260 females: 66 died of pneumonia;
65 of consumption; 44, of heart disease; 20 of diph-
theria; 18 of typhoid fever; 17 of convulsions; 16 of
marasmus; 15 of cancer; 14 of inflammation of the
brain ; 14 of inflammation of the stomach and bowels ;
13 of old age; 11 of nephritis; 11 of apoplexy ; 10 of
inanition ; 9 of urfemia, and 9 from casualties.
Markets, Ac— U. S. 2's, 96 J- a 98 ; 4's, reg., HI a 111 J;
coupon, 112 a 112f; new 4's, reg., 122J a 123 ; 5's, 112'!
a 113J- ; currency 6's, 104 a 107.
Cotton was quiet but steady on a basis of 8c. per
pound for middling uplands.
Feed.— Spot bran ranged from $13.50 to $14.00 per
ton for winter in bulk, and $12.00 a $13.00 for spring
in sacks.
Flour, — Winter super, $2.75 a $2.90 ; do., extras,
$3.00 a $3.25; Pennsylvania roller, clear, $4.00 a $4.15;
do., do., straight, $4.15 a $4.35 ; Western winter, clear,
$4 00 a $4.15; do., do., straight, $4.15 a $4.35; do.,
do., patent, $4.50 a $4.65 ; spring, clear, $3.50 a $3.80 ;
do., straight, $4.00 a $4.20 ; do., patent, $4.20 a $4.35 ;
do., favorite brands, higher. City mills, extra, $3.10
a $3.35 ; do., clear, $4.10 a $4,35 ; do., straight, $4.35
a $4.50 ; do., patent, $4.-50 a $4.75. Bye Flour.—
$2.25 a $2.50 per bbl. as to quality.
Gr.iin.- No. 2 red wheat, 81} a 81Jc.
No. 2 mixed corn, 2SJ a 29c.
No. 3 white oats, 25 a 252C.
Beep Cattle. — Extra, 5J a b\c.', good, 4f a 5c.;
medium, 4.V a 4|c.; common, 4} a 4|c.
Sheep AND Lambs. — Extra clipped, 4}a4}o.; good,
do., 3| a 4c,; medium, do., 3| a 3ic.; common, do., 2J a
3c.; clipped lambs, 4 a 5Jc.
Hogs.— Best Western, 5J a 6c.; other Western, 5J a
5|c.; State, 5!c.
Foreign.— On the 29th ult.. Premier Delyannis, of
Greece, resigned at the request of King George. A
new Cabinet was formed by the opposition leaders.
Demetrius Ralli is Premier and Minister of Marine.
The decision of the new Greek Ministry seems to
be in favor of a continuance of the war.
A battle has been fought at Velestino between 8000
Turks and General Smolenski's brigade. It is stated
that the Turks were repulsed with enormous losses.
The Turkish army is advancing in three columns
on Pharsala, while an additional column is operating
in the direction of Volo.
A despatch of the 2nd inst., from London, says:
Captain Rabbek, of King George's personal staff,
wired here from Athens yesterday that the right wing
of the Greek army had repulsed' the Turks, but that
the left wing had retreated behind the old frontier
line to avoid being circumvented. Captain Rabbek
adds: "The Greek army in Epirus, after defeat in
Pentepigadia, has retired to Arta. All hope of con-
tinuing the war is now virtually abandoned. The
fleet has returned to Volo for the protection of th
inhabitants."
The victories of the Sultan's troops have enormonsl
raised the military spirit of the Turks. It will pr:
bably render the Powers' scheme of reform for th
Ottoman Empire harder of realization.
Six hundred women and children are said to ha?
died during the terrible retreat from Tyrnavos to L;
rissa.
The commander of the foreign vessels in Creta
waters has been ordered to consider Colonel Vasso
who commands the Greek army of occupation i
Crete, as a beligereut, and to no longer oppose Gree:
attacks on Turkish troops there.
The Queen Regent of Spain has signed a decree fo
the application of the reforms for the island of Cubs
General Weyler having reported that the wester
part of the island is completely pacified.
A terrific hail storm in the Rio Verde Valley,
San Luis Potosi, Mexico, is reported to have kille-
41 persons, besides ruining the growing crops. 0
one hacienda alone 12 farm hands were killed.
A terrific explosion of dynamite occurred on th
30tli ultimo in San Salvador, Salvador. Two entir
blocks of the city were destroyed and many lives '
lost.
The Supreme Court at Ottawa, Ontario, has decidei^
"that a man or woman who leaves Canada to go t<
the United States for divorce, without intending t
live there, afterwards marrying and returning to Cm:
ada, can be prosecuted for bigamy."
The schooner Victor Eugene landed at St. Pie
Mlquelon, on the 27th of last month, four survivor
of the French fishing vessel Vaillant, which struck !
iceberg on the 16th and foundered. Of seventy-thre
fishermen on board only one boat's crew has thus fa-
been heard from. There were seven of these,
three perished before the boat was picked up on th('
26th, by the Victor Eugene.
On the 2nd inst. four more survivors of the brigani
tine Vaillant had reached port. They came on thi
French brigantine Amadee, from St. Malo to St. Pierre
and are the only survivors of twenty-one men wht,
left the Vaillant in a life-boat soon after the vesse
struck an iceberg ofl^ the Grand Banks and begat!
sinking. All their companions perished, as a result'
of exposure and frost bites. The bodies of the seven j
teen dead men were thrown overboard.
There are 17 metals more valuable than gold, viz '.
Iridium, valued at £60 per pound troy ; gallium, £75 '
rhodium, £85; osmium, £120; ruthenium, £200; pal'
ladium, about £216; barium, £280; didymium, £-500 i
cerium, £525; yttrium, £630; strontium, £670; call
cium, £700; glucinum, £820; lithium, £1,080;
conium, £1,115; rubidium, £1,400; vanadium, £1,725
NOTICES.
Westtown Boarding School. — For conveniencti
of persons coming to Westtown School, the stage wil:'
meet trains leaving Philadelphia 7.17 and 8.46 A.
and 2.53 and 4.32 p. m. Other trains are met wheii"
requested. Stage fare on regular trips, fifteen cents '
on special trips, twenty-five cents each way. To read
thf school by telegraph, wire West Chester Phone 85
Edward G. Smedley, Sup'l.
Westtowst Boarding School. — Applications foi
the admission of pupils to the school, and letters it
regard to instruction and discipline should be ad
dressed to William F. Wickersham, Principal. ■
Payments on account of board and tuition, am
communications in regard to business should be for
warded to Edward G. Smedley, Superintendent.
Address, Westtown P. O., Chester Co., Pa.
Died, First Month 14ih, 1897, at the re-idence oi
her s m-in-law, Levi S. Thomas, in Malvern, Penn'a
Rachel S. Walter, wife of Henry Walter, in tht
seventy-seventh year of her age. She was a meiubci
of Goshen Monthly Meeting of Friends.
_ , on the twenty- first of Third Month, 1897, al
Westfield, Hamilton County, Indiana, Caleb Mills
a member and elder of Westfield Monthly Meeting oi
Friends, in his eighty-second year. This dear Friend
was in possession of a meek and quiet spirit, was firmlj
established in the doctrines and testimonies of Friends,
was a regular attender of meetings when able, until
the last, though often under bodily weakness. Being
spoken to about it being so hard for him to get out tc
meetings, he replied, " Yes, but I think it right to go
whenever I can." He was favored with his mental
faculty most of the time during his last sickness, leav-
ing satisfactory evidence to his relatives and friends
that their loss was his eternal gain.
THE FRIEND.
A Religious and Literary Joumal.
VOL. LXX.
SEVENTH-DAY, FIFTH MONTH 15, 1897.
No. 43.
PUBLISHED WEEKLY.
Price, if paid in advance, |2.00 per annum.
9ub3cripii<fns, payments and business conx'i
received by
Edwin P. Seu,ew, Publisher,
No. 207 Walnut Place,
(South from Walnut Street, between Third and Fourth,)
PHILADELPHIA.
Articles designed for insertion to be addressed to
JOSEPH WALTON,
MooRESTOWN, Burlington Co., N. J.
Entered as second-class matter at Philadelphia P. O.
For "The Friend."
Richard Esterbrook.
The writer has recently been looking over
irae letters he had received in bygone years
Dm iiis valued friend, Richard Esterbrook, and
i has believed that some extracts from them
ay profitably be published in The Friend,
i the testimony of a thoroughly honest, upright
xiend. He was a man so fully convinced of
18 truth of the doctrines held by our Society,
lid of their importance to the well-being of
ankind, that he was sensitively alive to any
cpartures from them on the part of our mem-
trs; and things which seemed harmless, or
iiarly so to many, caused him mental distress,
\ foreshadowing a surrender of vital principles,
t evidencing a weakened hold upon them. He
18 naturally a very plain spoken man, and
■len he believed the honor or interests of the
i'Ciety of Friends were concerned, he did not
mre to express himself clearly and strongly.
Although we were intimate friends, and our
itercourse was very affectionate, yet his criti-
cims were at times pretty sharp, and would
ive been somewhat hard to bear, if it had not
len for a firm conviction of his attachment
1 our doctrines and testimonies, and of the
"'Wnright honesty of the man. My feeling
"IS somewhat like that expressed by Charles
-. Spurgeon towards George Fox, of whom he
fys: " His convictions were too deep to be trifled
'th or concealed. Hence he was downright in
te extreme, and never erred upon the side of
l.ttery ; it may be possible that he went too far
i the direction of severity. I am very con-
iious that he would have chastened me pretty
fiartly as a ' Chaffy Baptist,' and probably I
ight not feel satisfied that I deserved all the
Uts that he would be certain to launch at me,
l.t what of that? Is it not better to be openly
•Qsured by an honest heart than to be in asso-
•ition with men whose approbation would be
1-feited if you dared to be faithful to them ?"
In illustration of the sincerity of our friend-
sip, I will quote from a letter written in the
fcond Month of 1892 :
" I earnestly desire that any shadow that may
Ive seemed to come between us to obscure our
'ncient friendship,' as good old William Penn
light call it, might be dispersed by the warm
id genial rays of the Sun of Righteousness.
" I am deeply concerned on account of ap-
prehended dangers, as thou well knowest, which
I have felt for many years we were drifting
into. Being in earnest, I am by my nature, plain
spoken. If in any way or respect I hurt thy
feelings, I desire thee, dear friend, to accept
this expression of my regret. If I did thee any
itijustice, it was for the reason that I did not
know all the circumstances that may have sur-
rounded thee and influenced thy actions.
" We are brethren. I am with love and
heartfelt esteem, thy constant friend in all
storms. R. Esterbrook."
He was born in Liskeard, Cornwall, on the
twenty-first of Second Month, 1813. From a
child he had deep religious convictions, and in
one of the few memoranda he has left he writes
that at about the age of fifteen he had an im-
pression that if he were faithful he should be
called to the work of the ministry. His father
was a man of singular purity of life, and deep
spiritual mindedness, and his sympathy and
counsel were of great service to his son, through
his boyhood and young manhood. He often
reverted in later years to his father's watchful
care over him, as one of the greatest blessings
of his life.
He was recorded a minister by the Monthly
Meeting for the Eastern Division of Cornwall
in the vSeventh Month, 1848.
At that time Cornwall Quarterly Meeting
contained within its limits many devoted men
and women, whose helpful companionship and
loving sympathy were a great strength to him.
He travelled at intervals on religious service
with minutes from his Monthly ^Meeting through
many counties in England, at times in company
with Jonathan Grubb, John Finch Marsh and
other Friends.
In 1855 he visited the meetings and families
of Friends in Norfolk, Cambridgeshire, Lin-
colnshire and Huntingdonshire; and at differeut
periods paid similar visits to the Quarterly
Meetings of London and Middlesex, Essex and
other counties. He also several times held pub-
lic meetings thoughout Devonshire and Corn-
wall. In many letters written to his family
during these visits, he bears testimony to the
goodness of his Heavenly Father in enabling
him to perform the service laid upon him, al-
though conscious of his own weakness, and of
his entire dependence on his Divine Master.
Among the memoranda preserved of our con-
versations during many years of close friend-
ship are several which refer to his experiences
during the period when his home was in Eng-
land.
In the fall of 1879 a Friend in Chester County
related that many years before, he was one of a
wedding company at a marriage, when David
Cope was an overseer on the occasion. At the
meeting in the morning he delivered a power-
ful sermon, but in the afternoon he seemed
much unbent and was lively and interesting in
convei-sation. One of the company made a re-
mark indicating a fear lest he might be too
much oft' his guard. To this David replied fhat
it was the mark of a good horse, after a hard
day's work, to kick up his lieeia.
Richard Esterbrook said that this anecdote
reminded him of one of his own experiences.
Many years before he paid a religious visit of
about six weeks' duration in Lincolnshire, Eng-
land, passing along under a heavy burden. His
visit closed with the attendance of a Monthly
Meeting, and the day before its occurrence he
came to the house of a Friend, where he met
with a number of others. Feeling greatly re-
lieved of the load he had so long borne, he was
very open and cheerful in conversation. After
retiring to bed, a feeling of uneasiness arose lest
any of those present might be stumbled by his
open and pleasant manner. After some conflict
of mind, he went to sleep, and rested well. The
next morning, at the breakfast table, all were
again gathered together, when he remembered
his mental conflict of the previous night, and
alluded to it, expressing a fear lest any one
might be hurt by what had taken place, saying
he believed there was no occasion for it, for
there was a liberty in the Truth ; and instanced
the spies whom the children of Israel sent into
the promised land, and who brought back a
cluster of grapes and gave a good report of the
land.
In the summer of 1880, Richard said that
many years ago he and Jonathan Grubb (son
of Sarah Lynes Grubb), were intimate friends
and co-workers in Society aflairs. One day,
James Backhouse came to them and said, " It
does me good to see black haired men at work "
— meaning men whose locks had not yet been
whitened with age.
Richard possessed a retentive and accurate
memory, so that he was able to bring out of his
mental storehouse many incidents that were in-
teresting and instructive. When speaking of
capital punishment, he remarked, " Fallible
man should not pass an irrevocable sentence."
In connection with this subject, he related an
incident, told him many years before by the
late Grover Kemp of England, which had hap-
pened to a relative of their family. He was
walking along a lonely road in the country,
when a horseman came alongside of him, whose
horse was heated with hard riding, and the
saddle-ba^ were filled with material of some
kind. The man dismounted and handed the
bridle to the pedestrian, asking him if he would
be kind enough to hold his horse for a few min-
utes, whilst he retired out of sight, saying he
would soon be back. His request was complied
with, and he disappeared. Soon after, several
policemen who were in pursuit of a burglar,
came up, and in the saddle-bags were found
plate that had been stolen from a house which
had been broken into. The innocent man was
arrested as being the thief His explanations
were regarded as mere fictitious excuses. He
was tried, convicted and sentenced to be hung,
notwithstanding all his assertions of innocence.
The time was fixed for his execution. A day
or two before it came, he felt a longing desire
once more to look out on the light of dav, and
338
THE FRIEND.
Fifth Mo. 15,
persuaded the turnkey to take him to a win-
dow that overlooked the stieet. There he be-
held, walking to and fro, the very man who
had asked him to hold his horse. He pointed
him out to the turnkey, and said, that was the
guilty person. The man was sent for and readily
came into the prison, exonerated the prisoner,
and acknowledged his own guilt. His conscience
had become so stirred at the thought of an inno-
cent man suffering for his ofience that he had
become willing to come and take the blame on
himself. He was tried for the ofience and exe-
cuted, and the other was released.
At the house of Morris Cope, the efforts then
being made to procure a pardon for a colored
man convicted of the murder of John Sharp-
less, turned the conversation of the company to
the subject of capital punishment. R. Ester-
brook narrated a case which occurred in Eng-
land many years ago.
A man who was in business in London de-
tected one of his employees in some dishonest
practices, and thereby incurred his malignant
hatred. He attempted to undermine the credit
of his forrner employer in various ways, so that
he finally concluded to close up his business,
and emigrate with his family to a foreign coun-
try. Going to Liverpool to embark, the family
stopped for a few days at a hotel until the ves-
sel was ready to sail. On the day of sailing
his wife and child or children went to the vessel
and he was just about leaving, after paying his
bill, when an alarm was given that a gold
watch had been stolen from one of the guests.
The landlord said that no one could leave the
house without submitting to an examination.
To the astonishment and dismay of the intend-
ing emigrant, the missing watch was found in
a box he was carrying. Appearances were
against him, and he was convicted fi)r stealing
the watch, condemned and executed. At the
trial, the judge treated him with great harsh-
ness and seemed very unfeeling.
His implacable enemy had followed him to
Liverpool, and finding what room he occupied,
had stolen the watch, and slipped it into his
box. About a year after, this wicked man was
himself brought to trial for some grave offence
before the samejudge, and also received sentence
of death. The judge was very severe in his re-
marks to him, but the prisoner having now no
hope of escape, told him he had heard him use
the same language a year before, and that time
it was to an innocent man, who was hung for a
crime he had not committed — for he himself
had stolen the watch for which the other was
executed. So shocked was the jmlge at this
announcement, that he fell forward in a swoon
and died soon after.
(To be continued.)
Sweden has taken a very advanced and de-
cided step in doing away with demoralizing
amusements. Its government has abolished
every variety theatre and every variety music
hall in the kingdom. The ministers assigned
as a reason for this procedure that these resorts
were morally injurious to the public, especially
to the young. What a good thing it would be
if other nations would recognize this pioneer
movement by similar action ! There would, no
doubt, be a howl of opposition and a cry of tres-
passing upon the rights and liberties of the
community, but the effect of a suppression of
this and other debasing, immoral and vicious
forms of amusement in our cities would be to
greatly promote the morals of the people, and
save thousands of our youth from vice, licen-
tiousness and crime. — the Piesbylerian.
For "The Friend."
A Late Reprint of a Valuable Work.
In an interesting series of articles written by
our late friend Nathan Kite and published in
The Fpjend, vols. xvi. and xvii., under the
title of "Antiquarian Researches among the
early Printers and Publishers of Friends' Books,"
an account is given of William Bradford who
came to this country about the year 1683, and
was the first to set up the business of a printer
in Pennsylvania.
Among the first productions of his press was
a work entitled, "The Excellent Priviledge of
Liberty and Property," which contains: —
I. Magna Charta, with a learned comment
upon it.
II. The confirmation of the Charter of the
Liberties of England, and of the Forest, made
in the thirty-fifth year of Edward the First.
III. A statute made the thirty-fourth Edward
I, commonly called De Tallegio non Conceden-
do ; wherein all fundamental laws, liberties and
customs are confirmed : with comment upon it.
IV. An abstract of the patent granted by
the king to William Penn, and his heirs and
assigns, for the province of Pennsilvania.
V. And lastly. The Charter of Liberties grant-
ed by the said William Penn to the Freemen
and inhabitants of the province of Pennsylva-
nia, and territories thereunto annexed, in Amer-
ica.
Nathan Kite says in the article referred to,
" I have a copy of this book, but whether pub-
lished in 1686 or 7, 1 cannot tell for the printer
has given it no date."
This mention of what was then probably a rare
book was published in 18-47. After the death of
Nathan Kite a number of his pamphlets bound
in volumes, including this, were purchased and
presented to the Meeting for Sufferings in Phil-
adelphia in whose possession they still remain.
Neither the name of the author nor the pub-
lisher of this treatise is given, but its authorship
is attributed to William Penn. David Lloyd
a contemporary of William Penn and a promi-
nent member of the Assembly of the Province
states that " he [the Proprietor] likewise pub-
lished a small treatise, "The Excellent Privil-
edge of Liberty and Property, etc., exhorting
them to maintain with firmness and resolution
their inestimable privileges."
The object of William Penn in thus endeav-
oring to spread a knowledge of the fundamental
principles upon which his system of government
was established is easy to be seen. The reader
who is acquainted with the earlier experiences
of this remarkable man may remember with
what confidence he appealed to the Magna
Charta as the guaranty of individual and po-
litical liberty in his memorable trial with Wil-
liam Mead before the JIayor of London in
1670 when he was about twenty-six years old.
We can readily believe that twelve years later
when he was engaged in laying the found.i-
tions of the Province, and framing the code
of laws which were to be enacted ; he would
consider that a knowledge of the rights secured
to Englishmen by the Magna Charta should be
fully known ; not only that his own laws should
be seen to conform to it, but as a means of enab-
ling his fellow country-men and colonists to re-
sist any attempts which might thereafter be
made to invalidate them. These views we find
expressed in the "Address to the Reader" pre-
faced to the work as follows : —
" It may reasonably be supposed that we
shall find in this part of the world, many men,
both old and young, that are strangers, in a
great measure, to the true understanding c
that inestimable Inheritance that every Free
born Subject of England is Heir unto by Birtl
right, I mean that unparalelled Priviledge c
Liberty and Property, beyond all the Natior
in the world beside : and it is to [be] wished thf
all men did rightly understand their own ha}
piness therein ; in pursuance of which I do hei
present thee with that ancient Garland, th
Fundamental Laws of England, bedeckt wit
many precious Priviledges of Liberty and Pn
perty, liy which every man that is a Subject t
the Crown of England, may understand whi
is his Right, and how to preserve it from unju
and unreasonable men."
Valuable as this ancient treatise once wa
the fact that it had ever been published hi
been almost entirely lost sight of, and althoug
from some incidental references to it, certai
persons well acquainted with the early histoi
of Pennsylvania had supposed it had former
been issued, yet until a few years ago none
them had ever seen it. The copy which Natht
Kite alludes to, as above mentioned, and whi(
is still carefully preserved, is entirely uniqu
On account of its rarity and for other reasoi
this treatise has been selected for publicati(
by the Philobiblon Club, which has lately issui
a fac simile of it together with an introductic
and notes in a very expensive form. An editi(
of only one hundred and fifty-five copies of
has been printed, one of which has been pn
ented to the Meeting for Sufferings' library
be placed beside the original.
From the introduction to this edition, writti
by Frederick D. Stone, the librarian of the H
torical Society of Pennsylvania, the followii
paragraphs are taken : —
" Only a single copy of this tract is known
have survived. It is preserved in the Libra
of the Meeting for Sufferings of Philadelph
and from it the present fac simile has be
made. It does not bear the imprint of Wiliia
Bradford. The title page looks as if the nai
of the printer had been removed from thefoi
after it had been prepared for the press. The
is no doubt, however, that it was the work
Bradford, as it is mentioned in an adverti
ment at the foot of a broadside almanac, issu
by him in 1687, as being in press. Penn's i
sence in Europe at the time of its publicati
accounts for many obvious errors and awkwai
nesses of expression which would have been c
rected had he been present and which are
ferred to in detail in the notes to this reprint
" The causes which led to its production wi
evidently the results of the intimate knowled
of the true basis of English liberty Penn b
acquired in defending the rights of his followe
How familiar he was with the provisions a
principles of Magna Charta is shown in histr
at the Old Bailey, when he quoted it with
aptness and pertinacity that drove the Recon
to his wits' end ; and that official denount
both Penn and the law he quoted in such coa
and vulgar language that Penn accused b
before the public of having spoken in contem
nous terms of the very foundations of Engl
Liberty.
"As we study this chapter of Penn's life, I •
causes which led to the settlement of Penns
vania stand out in bold relief. In defendi:
the right of the followers to worship God ■
cording to the dictates of their conscience, '
based his arguments on Magna Charta, feeli :
that this was the only foundation upon wh
the religious liberty he contended for coi
safely rest, and that if he could gain for i
I
i-ifth Mo. 15, :
THE FRIEND.
339
.Quakers a fall recognition of their rights as free
lorn Englishmen, that liberty would be secure.
a 'England's Present Interest Considered,'
ie traced liberty, both civil and religious, back
0 the pre-Euglish Britons, pointing out that
■lagna Charta itself was but the embodiment
,f ancient customs in use when it was framed.
£e contended that the differences existing in
■]nglaud at his day resulted from attempts that
ad been made to enforce conformity in religi-
Tis matters by subverting the ancient rights of
.16 people, depriving them of their property
Hthout due form, and making them owe their
.rotection not to the civil but to the ecclesiasti-
al authority.
1 "His studies in the history of government
onvinced him of the importance of making
ae people the fountain of power, consequently,
■ hen the fundamental charter of West Jersey
as framed, in which work Penn and a number
f Quakers were interested, the most important
revisions of Magna Charta were made a por-
ion of that instrument. O .ving to the financial
onfusion into which the affairs of West Jersey
rifted, the success of that colony became doubt-
>1, and Penn turned his attention to the terri-
»ry west of the Delaware, for which he ob-
lined a royal patent. Here Be determined to
ttablish a government of which civil and re-
§ious liberty should be the cornerstone. Rs-
(Oved from the entangling complication of Eu-
apean politics, he hoped it would be an exam-
ie to the nations of the world, and called it his
3oly Experiment.' It was not for the bene-
;of his followers alone that he attempted this;
3 was willing to accord to others the liberty
3 claimed tor his own people. ' I went there,'
3 said, ' to establish a free colony for all man-
ind that should go thither, and more especial-
r those of my own profession. Not that I bave
ssened the civil liberties of others because of
leir persuasion, but to screen and defend our
ivn from infringements on that account.'
"On the almost feudal terms of the Riyal
latent, Penn engrafted a govenraent as liberal
! circumstances would admit, but not as liberal
e now know, as he desired. In one draft of a
rame of Government he proposed to give the
ssembly ' whatever was the priviledge of an
Dglish House of Commons,' and in the same
iper he provided that Magna Charta and all
le laws confirmatory of the same, especially
lat called the Petition of Right, passed in the
;fiign of Charles I., should be in full force and
1 efi'ectual part of the government of the Pro-
'Dce. That the people should understand the
ue basis of their liberties, he deposited in the
•chives of his Colony a copy of Magna Charta,
'.ertified by the Keeper and other officers of
16 Cottonian Library, illuminated and orna-
ented as the original ;' and there it remained
r a century. Whether it was before or after
jing this that he caused ' The Excellent Priv-
2dge of Liberty and Property' to be printed
« cannot say ; but the act was in perfect ac-
ird with the motives for the production of that
)lume, given in the 'Address to the Reader.'
"That 'the Excellent Priviledge of Liberty
lid Property' had an effect on the minds of
ie people is evinced by the fact that nearly
ilf a century after its production it was quoted
a defence of the legislative constitutions of
16 Province of Pennsylvania. In speaking of
;agna Charta in this paper, David Lloyd says,
"■rom these noble Principles the Proprietor
ttled the rights and priviledges of this colony
1 the true Basis of English Libertv and Pro-
perty, and ni)t only granted his charters where-
by he c jntiiuiud the same to tli'j inhabitants,
but likewise published a small treatise (The
Excellent Priviledge of Liberty and Property,
etc.) exhorting them to maintain with firmness
and resolution their inestimable priviledges.'
" No one who is familiar with the able papers
that were called forth by political discussions
in the early history of Pennsylvania can fail to
see that Penn's efforts to convey to the minds of
the inhabitants of his Province a full knowleilge
of the character of their political and civil rights
were successful."
G. J. S.
A Letter from Paris.
ThirJ Mo. 2St!i, 1S97.
I have had a very interesting walk this af-
ternoon. It was warm and sunny, so I took
the omnibus that goes to the Jardin des Plantes,
descending at the Boulevard St. Germain in
order to follow the Boulevard Henri IV. to the
Place de la Bastille. At the latter place there
is of course no trace remaining of the famous
old prison, of which every one has heard so
much, but a beautiful monument stands there
instead, and the crowds that rush by, thronging
the handsome boulevards which meet here, are
ga>' aud apparently thoughtle.ss, and it is very
hard to force the imagination to picture it as it
was over a century ago, on that terrible four-
teenth of Seventh Month, 1789, when the dark
and dismal old fortress, that had stood over
four hundred years, was levelled by the mad-
dened populace at the beginning of the French
revolution. I walked about, trying to get away
from the distracting crowds, but it was no use,
so I turned up a narrow street, and came soon
to the Place des Vo-sges. The houses surround-
ing this square, though occupied now by the
commoner classes, look old and stately, for this
used to be the " Place Royale," the centre of the
fashionable world of Paris at the beginning of
the seventeenth century. The houses themselves
were built by Henry IV. The second story of
each extends a considerable distance over the
street, and as they all join, this forms an arch-
way under which one can walk completely
round the square. At present the first floor of
most of the houses is occupied by fourth or
fifth rate stores, for all the glory of the olden
time has passed away. It was much easier to
fiud oneself in the spirit of the past under these
archways, ho.vever, even with cheap articles
exposed for sale on every hand, than it was at
the gay square I had just left. Here were the
walls, at all events, the very same, though the
gorgeously arrayed lords and ladies who had
once filled them with life, had centuries ago
vanished from the earth, but it required no
very great force of imagination to make the
present occupants give place to stately forms
and flowing robes.
From this place it was a short walk to the
Museum de Carnavalet. Although I am no
lover of museums, I felt strongly drawn to this
one for many reasons. In the first i)lace it is
one of the handsome old residences of the tenth
century, and besides it was inhabited during
sixteen years by Madame de Sevigne, who was
one of the most talented of the many brilliant
women who figured in the splendid days of
Louis XIV. Her letters to her daughter have
become classic, not only for their high moral
tone, but for accounts which she gives of every-
day occurrences, as she mingled with king and
courtiers as well as the great literary men aud
women of the dav. The house has been re-
stored and enlarged, and contains many objects
of great hi.st oric value, e-pecially in connection
with the great revolution. One hall is entirely
devoted to authentic relics of the latter. In the
centre is a model of the Bastile carved from a
stone of the old walls. There are many objecta
there that make one shudiler, and for the first
I came to realize a little h(jw awful it must have
been — those frightful years of the reign of terror.
But when one thinks of the frightful suffering
that lead up to and made possible this out-
burst, one must pause and cease to judge. It
was a hidden stream, repressed through the
ages, that at last burst its boundaries and del-
uged the whole land.
From Carnavalet I followed several narrow
streets to the .Square of the Temple, the site of
the old structure used as a prison for the unfor-
tunate Marie Antoinette and the two innocent
children, the young dauphin and his sister Maria
Therese, each entirely separate from the other,
aud ignorant of each other's fate.
I came home in timefor dinner, and being in
quite the spirit for entering into the history of
Paris, I plied my hostess with questions of every
kind, but especially in relation to the com-
munists of 1871. I can understand the French
Revolution, but the Commune has always beea
something inexplicable to me, but thanks to the
explanations which I received this evening, it
is a little clearer to me. But I cannot Ijegin
that subject to-night. It is too long and excites
me too much. It was during that time that the
palace of the Tuilleries, the Hotel de Ville, the
Palace of Justice and dozens of other buildings
were burned to the ground, being first saturated
with petroleum and filled with gunpowder to
render the destruction more complete. In some
cases fire engines were used, but instead of
water, petroleum was poured upon the flaming
buildings to spread the conflagration. Oh, it
must have been terrible, terrible in Paris at
that time.
30th. — It is amazing how things straighten out
in one's mind if one exercises patience and gives
them time. I had not supposed that m_v intel-
ligence was equal to compassing the mysteries
of the Paris omnibus service. I had thought
that a very good thing for Parisians, and sup-
posed that they understood it, but I had the
feeling that I would rather walk any amount
of miles than try to take an omnibus — now,
however, I find it a very simple and easy thing
to do. In the first place one can get on an
omnibus anywhere, that is to say if the sign
" complet " is not up. You must run wildly after
it, however, and if you once catch hold behind,
the conductor will help you on in a very pleas-
ant manner. If, however, you forget to look
for the sign, which is put up as soon as the
places are all taken, if it is up, instead of help-
ing you, he will push you off and leave you
standing iguominously in the middle of the
street. If the omnibus is going fast he will stop
a little to let you off. or if he does not do that,
he takes you in both hands and jumps off with
you, holds you until you have found your
centre of gravity, and then he runs after the
omnibus and jumps on. If you fail to get on in
passing along the street, your resource is to go
to the nearest "Bureau d'Omnibus," and enter-
ing, ask for a number to the nearest place you
are going. For instance, in coming home from
the Sorbonne I ask for Pare des Batignolles ;
in the middle of the day there is generally no
trouble, but towards the evening it is something
terrible. For example, when you ask for a
number, it is handed you — perhaps vou get
340
THE FRIEND.
Fifth Mo. 15, 189
eighty-nine, ninety, or along there; you then
go on the sidewalk and wait. The first omnibus
on your line that coraes along stops and you
rush with the crowd. The official stationed
there goes along and begins calling out the
numbers. If \ou have ninety, he begins most
likely, " one, two, three," etc"., or if you have
number one he will be sure to begin "two,
three," etc., and you must wait until the one
hundred is out; and those with the numbers
called hand over their tickets and enter. But
as a general thing half the omnibuses that come
along at this time are full already, and the
other half have at most three or four vacant
seats, so you can get some idea of how long one
must wait. For this reason I never take, if I
can help it, the omnibus in the centre of the
city in the evening; it is better to walk to the
other side of the river, and anticipate the crowd.
To-day the lecture was intensely interesting —
a continuation of the labor question in America.
The Professor described in a most delightful
way the city of Pullman as an introduction to
the terrible strike of 1893, in which I had a good
deal of interest, by the way, being six weeks in
consequence without mail while in California.
He is very just, very scientific and very clear
in all that he says, but he cannot avoid now
and then throwing in a remark which brings
forcibly to light some of our American pecu-
liarities.
After the lecture I followed a handsome wide
boulevard that has recently been opened through
this part of the city until I reached the line of
real boulevards — the ones that replace the old
fortifications— and which extend in consequence
nearly in the form of a semicircle on the north-
ern side of the Seine, from the Place de la
Bastille to the Madeleine. Beginning at the
Place de la Republic I made the rest of the
circuit, contemplating with wonder and amaze-
ment the moving throngs of humanity that fill
these great arteries. It is well to begin at the
outer end of the boulevards, because they grow
more and more elegant as one approaches the
Madeleine. The best way to see them is, of
course, to walk, but besides that one must take
the imperiale, that is, the top of the omnibus,
and make the circuit of an evening, when the
electric lights add very much to the effect.
Nothing could be easier than to find one's way
about in Paris. The streets are named at every
corner, white upon a blue background, and
every short distance one finds a policeman, who
never fails to answer politely and very ex-
plicitly to one's questions. One is sure of meet-
ing civility at every turn in Paris. I have been
especially struck with this, this last week, when
I have been to three or four different stations,
getting information about a ticket to Switzer-
land over different routes, sending my baggage
by " petite vitesse " (slow freight), etc. I have
uot simply had my questions answered civilly,
but on all occasions the officials in question
Deemed to enter with positive interest in the
details of the matter, giving me information
that I did not know enough to ask for. Thomas
Cook & Sons, who have their office at the Place
de rOpera, arrange all these details for one
very satisfactorily indeed, and save one a great
deal of trouble, but of course one must pay
them for doing it — that is, the tickets, etc.,
cost a good deal more at their office than if
bought direct of the French lines. But even if
the price were the same, I should look np all
these points myself, for it is as good as any pri-
vate lesson I could take, and besides I enjoy
doing such things. I get all the information I
can from all the different lines, and decide af-
terwards what is the best thing to do. In this
way I find it will be better to go direct to New-
chatel, and to leave Strausburg for the return
journey, though I had made all plans for taking
it in on the way to Switzerland.
Paris is the capital of France in a way that
no other city of Europe is the capital of its
country. Berlin, for instance, though at present
almost as large, has only been the capital of Ger-
many since the Franco-Prussian War of 1870-
71, and was the capital of Prussia only about a
hundred years before. Italy possesses numerous
great centres, great historical and art centres —
but even London does not bear the relation to
England that Paris does to France. Century
after century Paris has been not only the resi-
dence of kings and emperors, who have sought
in every way to beautify their beloved city,
but in the peculiar development of the feudal
system in France, it became the custom for all
the nobility, whether ecclesiastic or otherwise,
to make Paris their permanent residence. It
has been this fact, more than almost any other,
that while rendering the city so beautiful and
so full of attractions, has been the curse of the
land, for it was the poor people who were
drained to pay for it all, and most of them did
not even have the opportunity to see the glory
they supported— something which has its com-
pensations. But one sees on every hand so much
to wonder at and to admire. And it becomes
really amazing to think how much is left when
one realizes all that has been destroyed by the
numberless revolutions and changes the country
has suflTered during the past hundred years.
Fourth Mo. 2nd. — "Vilain temps, mademoi-
.selle " (wretched weather), said the little old bou-
quiniste, as Icame up the Seine to-day. I could
understand very well how he felt about it, for to-
day has been a real old-fashioned "April day,"
when it rains, hails, snows and thunders in the
midst of bright sunshine and clear skies, for an
enterprising man of business like the one in ques-
tion, does not want to miss a chance to sell if
he can help it, and must have been kept very
busy to-day, first spreading his wares to attract
attention when the sun shone, and then hurry-
ing them back in their boxes and putting on
the covers when times changed ; and this latter,
by the way, is no easy matter. I invested in
two books, a New Testament for two cents, and
a pretty little leather edition of the best French
translation of the Imitation de Jesus Christ.
This is one of my favorite books, and I have
been looking almost every day for it, in the
form which I wanted, so I was quite glad to
have found it at last.
By the time I had made this purchase the
clouds had gathered and all the merchants
alongthebordersof the Seine were hurrying their
belongings under cover, so I put up my umbrel-
la, and moved onward without interruption in the
way of tempting old books exposed for sale.
At the Port Royale I crossed over the Seine,
for the sun was again shining, entering the
Jardin des Tuilleries at the place where the
palace stood before it was destroyed by the
Communists in 1871. It had been my intention
to walk from the Louvre to the Arc de Tri-
oniphe the first day that I fi)und myself in Paris,
but strange enough, I left it just three weeks.
To-day everything was perfect. The rains of
the last two days had cleared the atmosphere,
which was fresh and bracing, the sky was a deep
blue, with floating white clouds, and the trees
and shrubbery clothed with the beautiful new
green that is peculiar to the early spring. The
sun shone brightly upon sparkling fountain
and beautiful statuary as well as on the ga;
crowds that streamed by.
I expect every one who has attempted to de
scribe the Place de la Concorde has spoken o
the eight statues representing eight cities o
France that guard the four corners of thi
square, and every one has spoken of the fac
that the one representing Strausburg is deco
rated with wreaths and tokens of mourning a
though it were a grave. I walked around th
square for the purpose of examining jnoreclosel'
the decorations, but I did not succeed in read
ing much of what was written upon them. Tw<
weeks ago I should have hesitated some timi
before undertaking to cross the Place de I;
Concorde, but by this time I had become quit
heroic, in fact, don't think about it at all. Tb
only thing is to " ne perdre pas la tute," as th
French say — do not lose your head. I lost i
every minute on first coming from dear, quie
Germany, but one gets used to everything afte
a time.
When nearly to the Arc de Triomphe I turnei
south, visiting the grounds and remaining build
ings of the Exposition of 1878. I ascended th
steps of the palace of Troeodera. After walkin
about the beautiful grounds surrounding, am
taking a seat upon the wide balcony which com
mands a charming view of the lawn with statu
ary and shrubbery extending down to the Seim
with the Eiffel Tower directly in front.
I had already had a long walk, and felt
little weary, so I ordered a cup of coffee, " cat
an lait," that is to say with milk, which prove-
to be excellent. While drinking it, I read
good deal in my little book, looking up nc
and then, to gaze upon the beautiful panoram
spread out before me. When I started agai
I was entirely refreshed, and only the latenef
of the hour prevented my taking in a good des
more, but as I was a good hour and a half froi
home, I thought it wiser to go as nearly directl
as I could. I made, however, a slight detour t
visit la Place des Etats Unis (the place of th
United States), to see the beautiful statue (
Washington and Lafayette which was erects
in 1895. As I crossed the charming little par
of the Batignolles, which is quite near where
am stopping, the sun had just set behind
mass of gold and crimson cloud, and the whol
sky was lighted with sunset glory. The rain ;
probably over for the present — I have no doul:
the little old man of the Seine is feeling happ
to-night. E. S. K.
Once on a time a man, approaching th
Mayor of a great city, a plain, blunt officia
totally unacquainted with the arts and uses (
equivocation, said : " Your honor, I am seat
ing a position of some responsibility in you
city." He then named it specifically, and coi
tinued : "The gentlemen of the Board, who:
I have interviewed, have not discouraged mi
Hence, I have come to you, a member ex-offi
What chance of success do you, sir, consider
to have ?"
" My dear sir," replied the exceptionally
honest and honorable functionary, " cease you!
search. An incumbent for the office ha
ready been selected. You have not the ghosi
of a chance. Be assured that I know what i
am talking about."
This answer was definite and conclusive — th
exact kind of answer the poor applicant ha
specially needed, and had been sedulously searcl;
ing for, but had, until this moment, failed t
obtain. — Selected.
nhh Mo. 15, 1897
THE FRIEND.
341
TWO SURPRISES.
4 workman plied liis clmiisy spade
, As the siin was goinj; down ;
rhe German King, with a cavalcade,
( On his way to Berlin Town,
Reined up his steed at the old man's side.
" Jly toiling friend," said be,
'■\Vhy not cease work at eventide,
When the laborer should be free f"
I' I do not slave," the old man said ;
i "And I am always free;
f hoiigh I work from the lime I leave my btd
Till I can hardly see."
' Hiiw much," said the King, " is thy gain in a day ?"
" Kight groschen," the man replied.
' And thou canst live on this meagre pay ?"
" I.Ike a King," he taid, with pride.
' Tvo groschen for me and my wife, good friend,
i And tuo for a debt I owe;
Two groschen to lend, and two to spend
i For those who can't labor, you know,"
'fThy dibtf faid the King; faid the toiler, "Yea,
I To my mother with age oppressed,
[y ho cared for me, toiled for me, many a day,
And now hath need of rest."
T'l whom dost lend of thy daily store?"
" To my boys — for their schooling; you see
T hi n I mn too feible to toil any more,
They will cure for their mother and me."
^And thy last two groschen f" the monarch said.
" My sisters are old and lame ;
' girc them two groschen for raiment and bread.
Ait in the Father's name."
■■earB welled up to the gord King's eyes.
" Thcni knowest me not," said he ;
A^ lh( n liast given me one surprise.
Here is another for thee;
I am thy King; give me thy hand" —
I And he heaped it high with gold —
1 When more thou needst, I now command
[ That I at once be told.
, For I would bless with rich reward
: The man who can proudly say
^hat eight souls doth he keep and guard
On eight poor groschen a day.
If —£. W. McAlpine, in St. Nicholas.
|,j. For "The Fkiend."
I Are We Growing?
(Concludea from page S34.)
The labor question will be .settled only when
ueu learn that it is the best policy to live by
he Golden Rule. Prohibition will not need
0 be enacted into a law when true manhood
ises above our selfish greed and lusts, for it
n\] then be a law written in the heart. Hon-
St effort directed toward a reformation of self
3 the natural and most effective means of cor-
ecting the evils of the day. Exercise — work
—rightly directed, are the watchwords of all
irue progress.
All men are endowed with the working capi-
al, in the shape of the germs of life. First the
mbryonic physical organism ; secondly, the
■mbryonic brain, or intellectual germ, and
hird the child-like heart.
The harmonious development of these infant
'Owers is not only the first mission of life, but
J life in the fullest sense of the word. Prof,
lulbert says that if a section be cut from the
erm of an apple seed and placed under the
evealing lens of the microscope, a perfect min-
iture of the future apple tree, trunk, branches,
wigs and buds, will be seen exactly as it would
row, if it were not destined to encounter una-
oidable physical agencies. The apple-tree is
ut an educated apple-seed, and the apple but
n educated blossom.
Our lives may be likened to the development
f the apple-seed. What light, heat, moisture,
hemical and vital agencies are to the apple-
to the muscles, ihovrjht is to
hild-like obedience is to the
?ecd, (Ikciph'ne
the mind, and
Christian.
Education is not knowledge so much as dU-
cipline. Intellectual education does not con-
sist so much in being versed in the lore of man-
kind, or in the achievements of science, as in
having all the mental faculties symmetrically
developed and trained to promptly respond to
an intelligent will. Physical education does
not lie in brute force, but in the highest devel-
opment of all our physical powers, in order that
the commands of a higher intellectual nature
may be faithfully executed. Nor does spiritual
education consist in being learned in the differ-
ent schools of theology, or in the mere obser-
vance of any creed, but in the possession of a
spiritual discernment which is under the disci-
pline of the Spirit itself.
Knowledge is education only in the sense
that it enables us to act in obedience to the ile-
mauds of wisdom. To be shown a college
diploma is not to be shown the proof of a true
education, but only the evidence of culture, and,
as with the farmer, culture alone may not result
in the production of a heavy crop. 8o with
the student, it is only a means of opening the
springs of originality.
Scholarship is education only as it is a stimu-
lant to thought, bringing into activity, not
simply a part, but all the powers of the mind.
Thought is the hidden spring which lies back
of every action, and the greatness of all achieve-
ment is measured by its conception and the
thought which planned it.
The battle of success is not won on couches
of ease or indolence, but only on the line of
honest and well-directed effort. We read, not
simply that we may read, or be well informed,
but that we may think. We reap the benefits
of society, not that we may be idle consumers,
but that we may return measure for measure.
The best things of this life come only as the
reward of a personal battle against opposing
forces, and the blessings which are heaped upon
us are most deeply felt by those who have
gained them honestly. In nature, duties are
always reciprocal, and values relative. There
may be delinquents but there is no means of
escaping the penalty. Justice is the highest
law of nature. There is no such thing as some-
thing for nothing. We get what we pay for,
and pay for what we get. The rain may fall
upon the just and upon the unjust, and the un-
righteous man may even prosper in his way,
yet what he thinks is his gain is not only his
loss here, but his punishment hereafter.
As in nature so in human society, there are
those who fill short of their appointed duties,
but sometime and somewhere the account will
be balanced. As water seeks it^ own level so
just as naturally does retribution follow in the
footsteps of broken laws. Every poison has its
antidote and every force its rebound, so at some
point all forces must be gathered up and poised
in an impartial balance. Those who thought-
lessly assert that there is nothing more certain
than death and taxes, seem to forget that the
laws of justice are more inexorable than the
laws of taxation. He who commanded that
unto Cresar shall be rendered the things which
are Csesar's, in his infinite wisdom, and justice
did not exempt Csesar from punishment because
he had levied tribute unjustly. So to-day when
honest and willing labor suffers from cold and
hunger, while capital pours her treasures into
the haunts of revelry and extravagance ; when
the humble Christian must bear the pointing
finger of scorn or the attacks of a " liigher criti-
cism," wc may find comfort in the thought that
.sometime and in some way Ca;,sar will pay his
dues; for justice and truth will not always suf-
fer at the hand of falsehood and oppression.
But returning to the principle, it is the con-
stant use of the silver which keeps it bright,
and in the battle of life it is the constant clash-
ing of force against force which is the secret
of growth.
As the uncut diamond is rough and unsightly
and so hard that it can only be cut by the slow
grinding of its own dust, and yet when it leaves
the hand of the artist is the rnost brilliant and
valuable of all gems, so the man who must en-
counter the rough edge of life, finds the rough-
ness of his nature to wear away, his powers
growing stronger, and his virtues growing more
virtuous and shining, with a purer lustre before
the world.
The little Alpine flower, which was plucked
from among the rugged rocks of an almost in-
accessible mountain-side, is most highly prized,
so the thorns of life may always accompany its
roses, yet the roses are all the sweeter when we
have gathered them.
There is told a beautiful story of a little plant
which grows in the tropics. It is delicate in
structure, unattractive and unproductive, until
in some way a wound is made in its tissues,
when a little bud springs from the wound, and
gradually grows and expands, until at length
it bursts into a beautiful blo.-som. In evident
fear of death it performs the function of repro-
duction, leaving to the world a successor.
The Christian's experience may be likened
to this little plant.
Each added spiritual grace may have left its
scar in the fiesh, yet in the Book of Life, the
scar bears witness to an immortal growth.
Are we growing? The answer is the answer
to the question, Are we putting to the best use
the talents which God has intrusted to our
care ? The greatest of all legacies is the inheri-
tance of every man. It is the germs of personal
force. It is a legacy which begins to pay in-
terest at birth and only ceases with death.
The value of the interest is the character of
the life which we are living, and depends on
whether our infant powers have developed in
the sunlight of action and truth, or in the shad-
ows of idleness and vice. Though the inheri-
tance is common to all, yet the title is more
easily lost than held — yet still, though we may
have been awarded the interest of a misspent
life, the great exception was sealed on the
cross, by which, through repentance, the prin-
ciple may be redeemed in life everlasting.
Monuments from the Christian Stand-
point.— Some years ago I had for a neighbor
an old veteran of the war of 1812, whose wife
had died several years before, leaving him the
sole denizen of the home in which the two had
commenced life together at an early dav. One
day in early spring I found the old Colonel,
then about eighty years of age, industriously
setting out fruit trees in his garden. As I ap-
proached him, I said: " Cotonel, why are you
doing this? You will never eat fruit from these
trees." " No," he replied, " I never shall ; but
I learned, long ago, that it is the duty of the
out-going tenant to provide for the in-coming
one." That reply stuck to me. A thousand
times I have thdught it over. "The out-going
should provide for the in-coming. ' How true!
And of how many applications is the wise prin-
ciple it embodies capable! — A. Parke Burgess.
34i
THE FRIEND.
Fifth Mo. 15, 189',
Natural History, Science, etc.
Our next door neighbor during last winter,
cut down a large tree of the Silver Maple, which
was on his side-walk, leaving the stump project-
ing about a foot from the earth. Early in the
Third Month, soon after the ground had thawed,
I noticed one morning that the hollows on its
surface, left by the wood-chopper's axe, were
wet, as if a rain had fallen, and the moisture
had flowed to a distance of several feet. The
puzzle as to the source of this moisture was soon
dispelled by the reflection that it was about the
time of year when an allied tree, the sugar ma-
ple, is bored for the purpose of obtaining the
sweet, juice or sap, from which the delicious
maple sugar is obtained. So this abundant
moisture was nothing but the sap, which the
roots, still alive, had absorbed from the earth,
and sent upward through the cells and tissues
of the wood, until it was poured forth through
their ends, left open by the stroke of the axe.
No doubt a similar process was going on in the
other maple trees which were growing close by,
only in these the sap continued to ascend and
reach the smallest twigs and brauchlets, swell-
ing the buds of the flowers and leaves, and pre-
paring them to expand as the increasing warmth
of spring stimulated into activity the vital pow-
ers of the plant.
Six or seven weeks have elapsed since these
observations were made. In that time the flow-
er buds matured and produced the flowers, and
those have been succeeded by the curious two-
wiuged fruits, which are now falling on the
grass-plots. In a few weeks we shall see nu-
merous young plants developed from those which
have fallen iu favorable positions. The germ
or embryo of the seed consists of young plant-
lets, already formed but not developed ; and
the student who will watch the germination of
the maple seed, will find that they consist of a
tiny stem or axis, bearing a pair of small leaves
on the summit. Presently a little bud appears
between these seeds and leaves. And as it grows
it produces the regular leaves of the young tree.
The stem at the same time lengthens, so as to
raise the bud above the soil into the light and
air, and its opposite extremity grows down into
the soil. The little stem, preexisting in the
seed, grows throughout its whole length by the
multiplication of its cells, so that a radicle of
j)erhap3 less than a line in length may become
a stemlet two or three inches long. The root
lengthens only at its lower end. Its function
is to absorb nourishment from the earth, and
in seeking this it develops in the direction of
the soil best adapted for its use. Those who
have maple trees growing in their lawns, may
notice that the cultivated ground adjacent be-
comes filled with a mass of rootlets, extending
many feet from the main stem, and absorbing
the nourishment designed by the owner for the
use of other crops.
The cells of which the rootlets are composed
are not open at their extremities, but consist of
closed tubes. Into these the crude sap finds
entrance by a curious physical law, called en-
dosmose. If we take ajar of water in which a
portion of sugar or syrup is dissolved, and insert
in it a wide-mouthed bottle filled with pure
water, over the mouth of which a thin piece of
bladder or sheet India rubber is fastened, af-
ter a lapse of some hours the water in the bot-
tle will be found to have imbibed a portion of
the sugar, which has passed through the sub-
stance of the bladder or gum. It is by a simi-
lar process the sap is absorbed. This law is of
extensive application in the growth and pre
servation of vegetables and animals. Through
it the water and substances dissolved in it are
conveyed to the highest leaf of a tree, passing
in its course through millions of apparently
water-tight partitions.
It is by the operation of the same law that
n the lungs of animals, the oxygen of the air
finds admittance into the close cells of the lungs ;
and that the carbonic acid gas, there formed by
its union with the carbon of the blood, is able to
escape.
My attention was called a few days since to
the number of plants wild or naturalized, which
may be found iu our lawns, or in vacant lots
about our village. Taking a walk on the twen-
ty-fourth of Fourth Month, I saw eight species
in bloom and about sixteen others, whose flow-
ers had not yet developed. As the season ad-
vances, this number will doubtless be greatly
exceeded, so that a student of plants may find
much to learn, without going far from home.
One of the most abundant of these is the Shep-
herd's Purse ( Gipsella Bursa, Pastoris); so named
from the peculiar shape of its seed pod. Gray
says, " It is is the commonest of weeds." Al-
though it is thus disrespectfully spoken of, yet
it is not without interest. A circle of radical
leaves, deeply indented or toothed, lie on the
ground. From the centre of this an upright
stem ascends, crowned with a cluster of small
white flowers, which are succeeded in due sea-
son by the purse-shaped seed-pods. This plant
belongs to the natural order, Cruciferw, or cross-
bearing, so called from the flowers having four
petals, arranged in opposite pairs. Many of
the plants of this order, such as mustard, horse-
radish, etc., possess a pungent taste, and are
valuable as remedies for scurvy. In this dis-
ease, there is a depraved condition of the blood,
and it is accompanied by a tendency to hem-
orrhage, especially in the gums. It is caused
by improper diet, such as the long and con-
tinued use of salt meats, without admixture of
fresh vegetables. It was formerly much more
destructive than of latter years.
During some periods it was believed that
more seamen perished from scurvy than from
all other causes combined. In modern times
the use of lemon juice, potatoes, fruits and fresh
vegetables have robbed this once dreaded dis-
ease of its terrors.
The experience of a small British fleet which
about the year 1740, left England, under the
command of L )rd Anson, with orders to sail
around Cape Horn and attack the Spanish set-
tlements on the Pacific coast of South America,
gives a lively impression of the nature and efiects
of this once dreaded disease.
The narrative of the voyage states that after
passing Straights Le Maire, their long continu
ance at sea, the fatigue they underwent and the
various disappointments they met with, had
caused the scurvy to spread to such a degree,
that there were few on board who were not in
some degree afflicted with it, and in the Fourth
Month forty-three persons died of it on board
the Centurion, the chief ship. In the Fifth
Month they lost nearly double that number,
The symptoms are inconstant and innumer-
able. Scarcely any two persons are afiected
exactly alike; but among the more general
appearances, are large discolored spots over the
surface of the body, swollen legs and putrid
gums, and especially an extraordinary lassitude
of the body. It was usually attended with great
dejection of spirits, and a disposition to be seized
with terror on slight accidents. Whatever dis-
couraged the people added to the virulence of
the disease, and generally killed those who were)
its last stages.
In the sad plight to which the crew was re-'
duced, they succeeded in reaching the island of
Juan Fernandez. As they coasted along thei
island, seeking for a bay in which to take shel-.
ter, the narrative says: "It is scarcely credible'
with what eagerness and transport we viewed
the shore, and with how much impatience we
longed for the green and other refreshments
that were then in sight. A boat was sent on
shore early in the morning, which returned ladea
with seals and grass. The grass was soon
voured.
" After coming to anchor, tents were erected
on shore, and the sick removed there, number-
ing one hundred and sixty-seven. Some who
were far gone in the disease died, but theothersi
regained their health and strength in a short
time. The crew found on Juan Fernandez
almost all the vegetables which are usually
3med to be particularly adapted to the cure'
of scurvy. We had great quantities of water:
cresses and purslain, with excellent wild sorrel,
and a vast profusion of turnips and Scilian
radishes."
The cresses, turnips and radishes are all mem-
bers of the Oruciferce, the natural order which,!
as has already been mentioned, is anti-scorbuticv
Lord Anson had carried with him a larger
assortment of garden seeds and stones of fruit'
trees, such as plumb, apricot and peach, and*
these he sowed and planted on the island, foi!
the benefit of succeeding navigators. Some ol
these grew and thus added to the resources oi
the island.
Those persons whose botanical studies extend*
over several years, have often noticed that cer-'
tain plants appear in unusual abundance
some seasons which are by no means so common
at others. With us the present year is a favor-l
able one for the dandelion (Taraxacum ofieinale)A
In many of the yards and lawns about our vil-
lage, its yellow flowers appear in great profi
ion. It is really a beautiful flower, and t
peculiar habits of the plant, especially in
fruiting, are of unusual interest. After blos<
soming, the circle of green leaves around thei
flower closes for a time; the slender beak oil
the fruit elongates and raises up the cluster oi<
fine white hairs with which it is covered. The.
involucre is then reflexed, exposing an o_
globular head to the winds. The leaves of theli
plant are sometimes used as a salad. It ia i
native of Europe, but is now very thoroughly!
naturalized in this country.
As I passed our graveyard, I noticed a large
patch of a grayish white color, which proved*
to be the Everlasting {Antennaria plantaginfo^'
lia). It is a low growing herb, with white
woolly leaves, and bearing the stamens and
pistils on difl'erent plants. J. W.
Animal Sense of Humor. — A jackdaw of the
writer's acquaintance had an ingenious method
of tormenting the numerous dogs of the esti
lishment, which was most comic to behold, anoj
which owed something of its finish to a mow
artistic conception of the humorous side of t
ing than most jackdaws are credited with. i
It was an extremely hot summer, and th(!
dogs, of which there were three, spent the greatt
er part of the day dozing peacefully on th«i
lawn. Being all either Clumber spaniels oi
setters, they had fine silky coats, which
tended to their feet, little tufts of flossy fui
sticking out between their toes.
When a dog was comfortably asleep, with it
hfth Mo. 15, 1897
THE FRIEND.
3-13
eet stretched out, dreaming of partridges, tlie
ackda'.v would hop gently round, and then
uake a sudden dive at these &i\i¥y tassels be-
weeu its toes, which never failed to wake the
log up with a sense of discomfort, which a tug
it the hair anywhere else on its body would
never have provoked.
I At another house, a tame magpie was kept
n a stable-yard, with a couple of kestrels. The
:estrels were in the habit of sitting on the sides
if the water pails to warm in the sun outside
he stable doors. The magpie, being in want
.f amusement, hit on the following plan. He
autiously approached a kestrel from behind,
,nd seizing the bird's long tail in his beak, gave
t one or two violent pulls and pushes, and hav-
ng worked the kestrel quite off its balance, with
i good forward push, pitched it into the pail,
,T so far in as its flapping wings allowed. The
jiagpie then "saved itself with great haste in
Ihe hay-rack above the manger. In this case
ihe joke was paid for ; one of the kestrels, more
ifide awake than usual, caught the magpie as
t was approaching, and drove its claws into
he practical joker's legs until his screams
irought help.
■ Animals at Play. — Xear Bembridge, in the
sle of Wight, a flock of ewes and lambs were in
.djoining fields, separated by a fence with sev-
:ral gaps in it. "Follow my leader" was the
;ame most in favor with this flock, the biggest
amb leading round the field and then jumping
ihe gap, with all the others following in single
!ile; any lamb that took the leap unusually
rell would give two or three more enthusiastic
umps, out of sheer exuberant happiness, when
t reached the other side. Near the same place
ne have seen lambs play the game which the
bildren call " I'm the king of the castle.' This
lock was in a field in which seaweed was piled
n heaps ready to be spread on the field. A
amb would jump on to a heap of seaweed and
lalf-a-dozen others would attack the position
.nd try to drive him from it. Occasionally no
line would appear to dispute the possession of
;he " castle," and in that case the lamb playing
iking" jumped, capered and performed the
nost ridiculous antics, as if inviting competitors
0 come on.
In any comparison of the games and sports
if animals with our own enjoyment of the same
.musements, it must not be forgotten that im-
tgination, the " make believe," which enter so
nueh into the play of children, is also the basis
if the play of young animals. Watch a kitten,
ivhile you tap your fingers on the other side of
\ curtain or table-cloth, imitating the move-
nents of a mouse running up and down. She
;nows it is not a mouse, but she enters into the
pirit of the game, and goes through all the
Qovements proper to the chase. Or perhaps
he has a ball. If you set it in motion so much
be better. That helps the " make believe."
The ball is alive and she catches it, claws it
•nd half-kills it; taking care all the while to
:eep it moving herself.
The beautiful young lion, which was given
ly the Sultan of Sokoto to the Queen, would
liay in exactly the same way with a large wood
n ball, growling and setting up its crest, and
>ursuing the ball across the cage. Indeed, play
if some kind is so necessary to the health of
hese big kittens that they are always supplied
fith a wooden ball to amuse them. 'These play-
hings are evidently greatly appreciated, and
he distress of one very tame tiger, Jack, and
lis mute appeals for help, when his ball slipped
di)v>n under the bars, where he could no longer
reach it, were quite pathetic.
The Largest Telescope.
The great Yerkes reflecting telescope, the lar-
gest in the world, which he ordered .several years
ago for the University of Chicago, will be in
operation soon in the magnificent observatory
which Yerkes has erected near Williams Bay,
on Lake Geneva. The building is nearly com-
pleted, and the astronomers who are to be in
charge are " at home" in the dwellings built for
them on the border of the lake. The lens for
this telescope is the largest ever made. It is
forty inches in diameter and 3.6 inches through
at the thickest part. It magnifies about 9,000,-
000 times. Looking through this telescope the
moon will appear hardly thirty miles from the
earth.
The Yerkes Observatory stands on the north-
ern shore of Lake Geneva, about fifty miles from
Chicago, upon a site consisting of about fifty
acres of wooded land fronting on the lake. The
construction of the main building was begun in
April, 1895. Its form is that of a Roman cross,
with three domes and a meridian room at its
extremities. The main arm of the cross lies
east and west, and is about 3.30 feet in length.
The dome for the great telescope, 90 feet in di-
ameter and 110 feet high, stands at the western
end.
The lens of this telescope has a " clear aper-
ture" of 40 inches, its full diameter being 41}
inches. It is four inches larger in diameter,
than the lens of the Lick telescope, and its sur-
face, on which depends its " light-gathering"
power, is therefore nearly one and one-fourth
times as great. This monster lens was ground
and polished by Alvan Clark, the sole surviv-
ing member of the famous firm of Alvan Clark
&"Sons. The two disks of which it consists, one
of crown and one of flint glass, were cast in
Paris, and cost 840,000 in the rough. The
grinding has taken about two years, aud cost
§60,000.
The tube which sustains this magnificent lens,
made of sheet steel, riveted together after the
manner of a tubular steam boiler, is 7-5 feet in
length. It, together with the equatorial mount-
ing of the instrument, was made by Warner &
Swasey, telesco]ie makers, of Cleveland, Ohio.
While the great telescope with its attachments
— micrometers, spectroscopes, photographic ap-
paratus, etc.— is the main feature of the obser-
vatory, the institution is well equipped with
smaller instruments, among which are a 12
inch refracting telescope, mounted in the east-
ern dome, and in the third dome a 24-iuch re-
flector. The motive power for revolving the
domes and maninpulating the instruments is
supplied by electricity.
The director of the observatory is George E.
Hale, the associate professor of astro-physics in
the University of Chicago, but the observatory
will be under the immediate direction of Pro-
fessor E. E. Barnard, who was for a long time
at the Lick observatory. The working force
will include eight astronomers.
Professor Hale has achieved a world- wide re-
putation through his work in astro-physics, and
particularly through his marvelous photographs
of the gaseous envelope of the sun, taken with
an instrument of his own devising and called
the spectro-heliograph. The great telescope will
be used mainly for work of this sort, which does
not necessitate the quietness and transparency
of atmosphere essential to the effective use of a
telescope when the observer's aim is to study
the fine details iti the surface markings of the
moon or of a planet. Otherwise it would be a
l)ity that so splendid a telescope should be so
poorly located, for the Yerkes telescope lies
deeper in the great ocean of the earth'H atmos-
phere than the Lick Ijy more than 3000 feet,
anil deeper than that of lyowell, at Flagstaff",
Arizona, by more than 6000 feet.
A feature of the observatory is the heliostat
room, in which, as long as the sun shines above
the horizon, there is a steady and constant beam
of sunlight available for optical experiments.
No heat is allowed in the dome rooms. The
temperature inside must be the same as the tem-
perature outside. The work done there is so
delicate that expansion or contraction of the
metal work of the apparatus would interfere
sadly with the accuracy of the re^sults.
Howard Grubb, of Dublin, Ireland, proposes
to construct for photographic purposes a reflect-
ing telescope of which the mirror will be ten
feet across. So far as size is concerned and ex-
cellence of workmanship, we have doubless not
yet reached a limit in telescope making, al-
"thought the difficulty of making a perfect lens
or mirror increases rapidly as its size increases.
What astronomers are now seeking, however,
is not larger telescopes, but good locations in
which to plant the instruments they have al-
ready. It makes all the difference in the world
in the performance of a telescope where it stands.
The largest and finest telescope yet constructed,
if it were located in the heart of Philadelphia,
would not be as serviceable as a good instrument
with only a six-inch lens. The drawback is
that the astronomer has to look, not merely
through the telescope, but also through some
two hundred miles of vapor-laden and dust-laden
atmosphere : moreover an atmosphere which is
never quiet and is often in a state of violent
commotion caused by conflicting aud interlac-
ing currents of warm and cold air. One who
has never used a telescope can have but a very
imperfect idea of what is meant by "atmos-
pheric disturbance." Look across a bon-fire or
across the top of a chimney from which a cur-
rent of hot air is ascending, and observe how
everything seen through this air is flaring and
wavering, and you will witness in a small way
a phenomenon with which the astronomer is
only too familiar. The nights on which a large
telescope can be used at its full power are ex-
ceedingly rare. Usually the astronomer must
content himself with using a "low power," that
is, must use his telescope with no more than a
half or a fourth of its capacity, since the more
he attem])ts to magnify an object seen the more
obtrusive the disturbance will become.
The great Lick telescope was located at an
elevation of 4000 feet above the sea level in the
hope and expectation of getting it above the
worst part of this vexatious atmosphere. Yet,
even on Mount Hamilton, the conditions of see-
ing are so unfavorable that it is rare indeed
that the great telescope can be used upon the
planets, which to be seen well must be well de-
fined, with a power of 1000 diameters, although
the telescope has theoretically more than twice
this power. Ordinarily the powers used upon
these objects range from 250 to 700 diameters,
the most often used being, according to Profes-
sor Barnard, a power of 360, the state of the
atmosphere not permitting any higher magnifi-
cation.
The best locations for telescopes thus far tried
seem to be at Arequipa, in Peru, at an elevation
of 8000 feet above the sea, and at Flagstaff',
Arizona, where Percival Lowell has established
344
THE FRIEND.
Fifth Mo. 15, 189
his observatory, at an elevation of 7250 feet.
Elevation, however is not the only condition
necessary for "good seeing." Professor Picker-
ing ascribed the excellence of the Arequipa
station quite as much to its pure and dry air as
to its altitude. He states that it was a very
usual thing to see a third magnitude star set —
to see it actually on the horizon. No one in
this vicinity ever saw even a first magnitude
star set. There is too much dust and moisture
in the air.
The main advantage that a large has over a
small telescope is that it gathers more light and
thus increases the number of stars visible. Its
true work is in sidereal astronomy — in the study
of star clusters, double stars and nebulas. In
this work it is supreme ; the bigger it can be
made the better. But for the study of Venus
and Mars and the moon the telescopes which
we already have are large enough and good
enough until some place for locating a telescope
is found better than any yet discovered.— /rom
the Phila. Record, oj Twelfth Mo. 19, 1896.
SUMMARY OF EVENTS.
United States.— The Senate by a vote of 43 to 26
has refused to ratify the General Arbitration Treaty
between tbe United States and Great Britain, negotia-
ted by Secretary Olney and Sir Julian Pauncefote.
The rules of the Senate require a majority of two-
thirds for the ratification of treaties.
The Secretary of the Treasury has sent a communi-
cation to the United States Senate, in reply to a reso-
lution of inquiry, recommending that the tax on dis-
tilled spirits be reduced to 90 cents a galfjn. He says
the present rate has had (he effect of greatly increas-
ing illicit distilling.
On the lOlh instant the Supreme Court of the United
States rendered a decision in the suit against the Bell
Telephone Company, which sustains the validity of
the Berliner patent. The decision continues the ex-
istence of the patent for nearly twelve years.
Governor Black has signed the Greater New York
charter.
On the 4th instant a representative of the Interior
Department began at Olean, New York, an investiga-
tion of the manner in which the leases for oil well
operations were obtained from the Seneca tribe of In-
dians. Testimony was given that a Salamanca hotel
keeper was present at the Seneca council and supplied
the Indians freely with whisky.
Before the Mine Investigating Companv of Pennsyl-
vania last week, Ex-Attorney General" Palmer was
called. He said he is identified with the mining in-
terests in so far as he owns a little coal land and is
counsel fur a few coal corporations. Business is in a
very depressed situation now. Mines are producing
as much coal as they have orders for. He could not
suggest any remedy and does not think anybody else
can, unless the Legislature would form itself into a
parliament of mankind and attempt to regulate the
business of the world. Gen. Palmer says thai there
are 147 licensed saloons in Wilkesbarre; that if the
money spent in saloons were spent for living purposes,
there would not be a shoeless child, half-clothed family
or any of the other signs of destitution. If this money
did not go into the tills of the saloon keeper it would
go on the backs and feet of the poor. Gen. Palmer
said that the saloon curse is the greatest ever afflicted
on a people.
Barton F. Powell, a colored man, of Albany, Ga.,
can give his race points on getting ahead in the
world. He saved J2,000 in twelve years and bought
500 acres. He put ten men to work, got the farm in
good order, planted cotton, corn and sugar cane, and
cleared the first year ?2,.500. He has continued to
add to his landed
paying spot cash for
every farm purchased, and is now the owner of 2,100
acres of land, from which he markets 400 bales of
cotton annually. Besides his success on the farm he
has developed the country supply store idea, ami thus
rakes in thousands of dollars a year. He also owns a
comfortable residence in Bainbridge. His profits last
year were over $7,000.
The Governor of Iowa has signed the new Slate
liquor law, including the sections allowing manufac-
turing.
The very deepest hole that man has yet succeeded in
making in the earth is said to be near Rybnik in
Silesia, where the boring through strata of coal and
ruck has reached a depth of about 6,770 feet. The
deepest boring in this country is believed to be an
oil well at Pittsburg, which has reached a depth of
.5,740 feet, but is to be bored much deeper for the sake
of the information it may furnish to science.
Sy the will of the late Lewis Crozer, of Delaware
County, $500,000 is bequeathed for a homojopathic
hospital, with a home for incurables attached, while
?250,000 is given to the city of Chester for a free
library.
Some geologists are inclined to believe that Cape
Cod is gradually sinking or wearing away.
Deaths in this city last week numbered 418, which
is 71 less than the previous week, and 9 more than
the corresponding week of 1896. Of the foregoing, the
number of males and females was the same — 209 : 64
died of pneumonia; 44 of heart disease; 32 of con
sumption; 20 of apoplexy; 16 of diphtheria; 14 of
nephritis ; 14 of old age ; 14 of cancer; 13 of inanition ;
11 of typhoid fever; 11 of inflammation of the stomach
and bowels ; 11 of bronchitis; lOof inflammation of the
brain; 10 of septicemia; 9 of marasmus, and 9 of
convulsions.
Markets, <fcc.— U.S. 2's, 96 a9S; 4'8, reg., llOh a 111};
coupon, 112all2J;new4's, reg., 122| a 123^; 5's, 112i
a 113}; currency 6's, 104 a 107.
Cotton was firm, middling uplands being officially
quoted at 8c. per pound.
Feed.— Spot bran ranged from $12.-50 to $13.00 per
ton for winter in bulk, and $11.00 a $12.00 for spring
in sacks.
Flour.- Winter super, $2.75 a $2.90; do., extras,
$3.00 a $3.25 ; Pennsylvania roller, clear, $4.00 a $4.15;
do., do., straight, $4.15 a $4.30 ; Western winter, clear,
$4.00 a $4.15; do., do., straight, $4.15 a $4.30; do.,
do., patent, $4.40 a $4.60 ; spring, clear, $3.40 a $3.70 ;
do., straight, $3.90 a $4.10 ; do., p.atent, $4.10 a $4.25 ;
do., favorite brands, higher. City mills, extra, $3.10
a $3.35; do., clear, $4.10 a $4.25; do., straight, $4.30
a $4.40 ; do., patent, $4.40 a 84.65. Rye Flour.—
$2.25 a $2.50 per bbl. as to quality.
Grain. — No. 2 red wheat, 82 a 82}c.
No. 2 mi.-sed corn, 28.5 a 29c.
No. 3 white oats, 26 a'26}c.
Beef Cattle.— Extra, 5J a 5}c.; good, 4J a 5c.;
medium, 4J a 4fc.; common, 4J a 4fc.
Sheep AND Lambs. — Extra, 4f a 4fc.; good, 4 a 4}c.;
medium, 3i a 3Jc.; common, 2| a 3}c.; lambs, Z\ a 5k'!
Hoos. — Best Western, 5| a 6c.; other Western, 5| a
5|c.; State, 5Jc.
Foreign. — On the 4th instant a wooden structure
in Paris, in which a charitable bazaar was being held,
was destroyed by fire, the illuminating apparatus of a
kinemalograph having exploded. The stalls were
presided over by leaders of Parisian society and there
were from 1.500 to 1800 persons in the building. A
terrible panic followed the alarm of fire and a rush
was made for the exits. Many persons were trampled
and crushed to death before the flames reached them.
The structure burned so rapidly that the roof fell in
twelve minutes, and in twenty minutes the building
and contents were entirely destroyed. The number
of fatal cases is placed at 111.
On the Gth instant the Ducd'Aumale died suddenly
at Zucco, Sicily, from shock on hearing of the death
of his niece, the Duchesse d'Alencon, caused bv the
Paris fire. He was the fourth son of Louis Phillippe,
'King of France.
Drs. Seguy and Quenisset, of Paris, who have made
a special study of the eflfect of X-rays, advise all per-
sons with weak hearts to keep away from the rays.
The doctors say the rays produce an unendurable
palpitation, which is apt to cause fatal trouble.
The pact of the Powers constituting the Triple Al-
liance has been renewed fur a period of six years.
On the 5th instant, after a battle of fifteen hours,
the Greeks retreated from Pharsala to Domokos,
thirteen miles south of Pharsala. The Turks have
taken possession of Pharsala. The Greeks had about
20,000 men, and against them were 50,000 Turks.
it is estimated that the loss of the Greeks in the
fighting at Velestino and Pharsala was 1000 killed
and wounded, while the Turks lost 6000.
A despatch from Athens, dated the 9th inst., says :
"The Government has addressed a request to the
Powers to allow their admirals in Cretan waters to
permit the Greek warships to embark the troops that
have been recalled. The Government explains the
recall as due to the urgent need of men for the de-
fence of Thessaly."
Greece, it is stated, h.as made application in writ-
ing to the Powers, through their representatives at
Athens, with a view of obtaining mediation. All the
representatives have promised in their replies to us
their best offices, except the German Minister, wh
haa merely acknowledged the receipt of the not
from the Cabinet.
A collective note has been handed to the Gree'
and Turkish Governments calling upon them ti
cease hostilities on the assurance that the Power
will undertake the final solution of the pending trou
bles.
Turkey demands as the price of peace an indemnit
of $15,000,000, a rearrangement of the Greek frontiei
cession of the Greek fleet to Turkey, and the settle
ment of the Cretan question.
The note of the Powers to be presented to Greec.
is to the following effect : Upon a formal declaratio:
by Greece that she will recall her troops and agrei
to such an autonomous regime for Crete as the Power
in their wisdom shall deem best, and accept unre
servedly the counsels of the Powers, they will interven
in the interests of peace. It is understood that Greec
will assent to all these conditions.
A recent consular report furnishes the followinj
information : The camphor tree thrives only in cer
tain localities, usually within reach of the sea atmos
phere. They must face south, and have an average
yearly temperature of 15 degrees C. The tree grow;
about one and one-half inches a year. It sometime;
attains a circumference of 40 feet. When a tree i
about 40 years old its yield per cho (two and one-hal
acres) is equal to $10,000 (silver) a year. The tree
have been felled so indiscriminately that there an.
practically none available, and the price of the pro
duct has greatly advanced. Chips of stumps anc
roots of trees cut down decades ago are used by tbi
Japanese farmers in winter for making crude cam
phor. The process is so wasteful that it is estimatei
that only two per cent, of the camphor is obtainei
from the chips. It is expected that the introductioi
of improved apparatus will increase the yield raani
fold. Crude camphor contains on an average from H
to 15 per cent, of camphor oil, which yields, in turn
50 per cent, of camphor. Merchants and refiners ap
now looking to Formosa, where a considerable exten
of camphor forests is found, for a further supply.
President Zelaya, of Nicaragua, has signed the lav
abolishing capital punishment on and after Seventl
Month 1st, next.
The migration of the French-speaking people o
Canada to the New England States has assumec
enormous proportions in recent years, and shows n(
signs of diminution. The French population of thi
Province of Quebec is 1,200,000 while according t<
the census of 1890 the number of French Canadian
and of persons of Canadian extraction in the Unitei
States was 840,000. The late M. Mercier predictec
that by 1910 there would be more French Canadian
by birth and descent in the United States than it
Canada.
NOTICES. '
Western Quarterly Meeting of Friends. -
The train leaving Broad Street Station, Philadelphia
at 7.17 a. m., on the 21st instant, will be met at Wes
Grove to convey (free of charge), those desiring to at
tend the Western Quarterly Meeting of Friends, to bi
held at London Grove, Chester County, Pa. It wouU
assist the Committee if those intending to come couh
inform by postal in advance.
Trueman C. Moore,
Geo. R. Chambers,
CommMee.
WE.STT0WN Boarding School. — For convenieno
of persons coming to Westtown School, the stage wit
meet trains leaving Philadelphia 7.17 and 8.46 A.
and 2.53 and 4.32 p. m. Other trains are met wl
requested. Stage fare on regular trips, fifteen (
on special trips, twenty-five cents each w.iy. To read
the school by telegraph, wire West Chester Phone 8S
Edward G. Smedley, Sup't.
Westtown Boarding School. — Applications fo
the admission of pupils to the school, and letters ii
regard to instructiou and discipline should be ad
dressed to William F. AVickersham, PrincipaL
Payments on account of board and tuition, am
communications in regard to business should be for
warded to Edward G. Smedley, Superintendent.
Address, Westtown P. O., Chester Co., Pa.
Westtown Boarding School.— The General Com
mittee meet at the School on Fourth-day morning, thi
l_9th instant, at 8 o'clock. The Committee on Instruo
tion and the Committee on Admissions meet the pre
ceding evening, at the School, at 7 p. M.
Wm. Evans, Clerk.
THE FRIEND
A Religious and Literary Journal.
VOL. LXX.
SEVENTH-DAY, FIFTH MONTH
No. 44.
PUBLISHED WEEKLY.
Price, if paid in advance, $2.00 per :
iubscriptio7is, payments and business i
received by
Edwin P. Sellew, Publishek,
No. 207 Walnut Place,
(South from WaJnul Street, between Third and Fourth,)
PHILADELPHIA.
Articles designed for insertion to be addressed to
JOSEPH WviXTON,
MOOBESTOWN, BUBLINOTON Co., N. J.
Entered as second-class matter at Philadelphia P. O.
Richard Esterbrook.
(Continued from page 333.)
Richard Esterbrook came to America in
59, at first with the inteution only of visiting
Kon, who was living in America, but soon it
.stled on his mind that it would be best to re-
live himself and family permanently. He
!;tled in Camden, N. J., and commenced the
imufacture of steel pens, a business which
ipidly developed, and is still successfully car-
Bd on at that place.
Richard Esterbrook ever retained a warm
Jtachment to many of his old English friends,
'lis is pleasantly shown by a letter to one of
tern, dated Fourth Month 13th, 1874:
" My Beloved Friend, John Eliott : —
Thy letter, dated the eighteenth ult., came
thand, and acted like a cordial upon a faint-
ly traveller, and I am most sincerely obliged
I thee for it, and above all, I thank my gra-
Dus Heavenly Father in that He halh been
]2ased in his mercy to keep open in thy heart
le spring of brotherly love towards thy old
lend — a feeling which I can assure thee I
'irmly reciprocate, and even now with tears.
Jaw mysterious are the ways by which we are
II in the passage through time, and how dif-
I'ent are the experiences allotted in the inscru-
tile wisdom of Him who seeth tiie end from
le beginning, and who said unto Peter, his
E-vant, " What I do thou knowest not now,
Uthou shalt know hereafter." The bearing
t3se things may have upon our everlasting
I'lfare in the life that hath no end, we cannot
13 now. Many and very great have been my
tals and afflictions, but the Lord is good and
utronghold in the day of trouble, can my poor
sjI in humble reverence and gratitude declare.
1 was delightful to me to hear of thy dear
ife and of your dear daughter Annie, and I
t^ to picture you mentally, but cannot do
nch in this way, the change altogether is
I great, and a great change has taken place
I me, for I am now old and gray headed, my
<ar friend, and I adopt the ancient language,
')h, God, forsake me not." I have been hum-
jsd in gratitude to the preserver of men that
ihath pleased Him to spare my dear wife to
'i, so that we have been permitted to travel
<)ng together, in a moderate share of good
'alth on the whole, and partaking of our sor-
rows together, and at seasons, of those joys with
which the world cannot intermeddle. This I
have esteemed as an especial favor from the
hand of the Lord. Although, like Job of old,
I have been lifted up to the wind and my sub-
stance dissolved.
Thy account of the changes that have taken
place is interesting to me. I have myself often
gone over them, more particularly as regards
our own Society. Some of those who have been
removed were near and dear to me — with whom
I took sweet counsel, and walked to the house
of God in company. But they are gone to
their eternal reward, and we are left a little
longer to fill up our measure of service and suf-
fering, according to the will of God. I am
concerned to crave sometimes that this may be
our happy and blessed experience, and then we
may realize that our afflictions, which are but
as for a moment (when compared with eternity)
will work for us a far more exceeding and eter-
nal weight of glory, while we look not at the
things which are seen, which are temporal, but
at those things that are not seen, which are
eternal.
I did contemplate a letter to thy dear sister
Mary, about the time of our last l)irth-day, for
1 remember we are near of an age, and I thought
much of her, and think of her now with much
affectionate regard, which I hope will never
wear out with time. And that indeed my en-
deared friend, we may live in each other's hearts
as epistles written not with ink but with the
spirit.
I have been much interested in noticing the
movements of my beloved friend, Louisa Allen,
and hope she will be preserved on the right
hand and on the left, in the only safe path,
under the guidance of the one Shepherd. It
is a day of wonderful unsettlemeut, and of cut-
ting cables, and drifting away from the old
moorings, and the very foundations are even
called in question. I look for further develop-
ments as fruits of the same nature. Whatever
may be the calling of other religious bodies, and
whatever place may have been assigned to them
in the universal church, I am persuaded there
was a place to which we were called, to uphold
among them, and in the sight of the nations,
distinguishing views and great testimonies,—
whether this place is or can be maintained in
the existing state of things amongst us, I must
leave. Vain is the thought of that man who
thinks he can promote the Kingdom of Christ
in his own will— "Not by might, nor by power,
but by my Spirit, saith the Lord." And it is
only his own works that can praise Him who
is still, blessed be his Name, head over all things
to the Church.
It is painful to reflect and to feel that our
own acknowledged principles must be pleaded
for, and even contended for, among our own
people. And there are others among us who
are rather disposed to keep those views which
really distinguish us, in the background, as if
they had scarcely the courage to avow them.
We must be willing to be accounted as fools
for Christ's sake and the Gospel. These tilings
ought not so to be, and I hojie the Lord in big
mercy and goodness will yet preserve and con-
tinue a reiniiant at least, who will be rightly
qualified to upliold the Truth in the love of it.
Thy allusion to my old friend, Samuel Bone,
is interesting to me. I have a strong attach-
ment to him, and hope he will be favored as
he descends the hill of life to have his prospects
brighten as to that life that is beyond the grave.
Please give my dear love to him, and to H.
Edgcumbe, when thou sees him.
I noticed with a good deal of interest the ex-
citement you have had at Liskeard, and my
thoughts took me back to' some former experi-
ences. It seems to me if I had been there I
should not have voted for Horsman, and I am
surprised to see the course taken by some men.
I may, however, not have a correct impres-
sion of the real state of things. It is a disap-
pointment I often encounter, that of seeing men
from whom you had hoped better things, giving
up the battle of ideas, virtually abandouing
principles, giving practical evidence they could
never have been truly born of them, and so they
revert back to the common rule of mankind.
Well truth is truth, and a man can afford to
be in the smallest minority whose feet are es-
tablished on the true foundation.
I notice with interest thy elevation to the
office of chief magistrate of my native town. I
hope it may be a right ste[>. I have no doubt
thy acceptance of the office was a great satis-
faction to those who desired purity in the ad-
ministration of the duties of the office, and a
general influence on the side of right. Its bear-
ing upon our own best interests is the chief and
all-important matter for us to consider. I no-
tice we may mostly judge the qualitv of things
by their effects on our minds. The state of
things in this country at the present time is dis-
couraging— it is almost overrun with corrup-
tion. The greed for office and official plunder
is fearful to contemplate. Office-seeking has
become one of the industries of the country.
. I find that to judge rightly of a form of gov-
ernment, we must not be led away by mere
abstract theories. A government must be esti-
mated by its results, and I am much of the
mind that there is no government under the
sun where the results are better on the whole
than in our own old country. Liberty with
order seems to me better secured under it than
here in this land of boasted liberty."
Among the incidents related by R. E. of oc-
currences connected with his life in England,
I find the following:
1884.— Fifth Month 7th.— R. Esterbrook
related the following incident. A friend of
his, who was naturally not of a liberal disposi-
tion, attended a circular meeting, held at New-
port, England. While there he saw a Friend
who was in attendance, and an impression fas-
tened on his mind, to give him a guinea. He
was not acquainted with the man or his circum-
stances, and it seemed like taking a liberty
^Ijich he hesitatecj about. So he put it by for
346
THE FRIEND.
Fifth Mo. 22, 188
the time ; but seeing the same Friend afterwards
the feeling revived so strongly that he took
him aside, and told him how his feelings had
been directed, that he did not know his circum-
stances, but wished him to put the money in
his pocket, and make whatever use of it he
pleased. The Friend then told him that when
he left home all the money he had in the world
was fourteen pence; but he felt it his duty to
come to the meeting, and now, through his
liberality, he had been made rich.
1884.— Ninth Month 4th.— R. E. related to
me an experience that befel him in England
many years before. He had accompanied an
older Friend ou a religious visit. At Chew
Magna, one who had waited on them, said pri-
vately to Richard before the meeting, that his
communication the day before, had been very
clear and satisfactory to the people as to the
great doctrine of regeneration through the Spirit
of Christ, but that some of them remarked in
reference to it, " Where is the blood ?"
Richard made but little reply, simply saying,
" We are poor creatures;" but he was brought
under an inexpressible weight of exercise, which
continued throughout the meeting, and after it.
A large company dined at the house of a wealthy
Friend, and there was pleasant conversation,
in which R. could take no part, but eat his
food quietly, under great oppression. When
the cloth was removed, and the fruits brought
on, a sudden covering of solemnity spread over
the company, under which the way opened for
R. to deliver a short communication. The load
all disappeared from his mind. The change
was astonishing to himself. The Friends were
exceedingly kind and attentive.
1883. — Sixth Month 7th.— On our way to
Evesham, Richard Esterbrook spoke of " Billy"
Bray, a Cornwall Methodist, whom he knew
very well. He was a good man but somewhat
eccentric. He one day referred to the decla-
ration that we must become fools before we
could be made wise ; and remarked, " The Lord
had not so much trouble with me in that way,
as with some others, for I never was wise, never
had much sense."
Richard also spoke of a Cornwall miner,
named Venan, who, with a fellow workman,
was down the shaft of a copper mine, preparing
for a blast. By some accident the fuse was cut
off too short, so that a premature explosion was
inevitable. There was but time to hoist one
person out of the danger. Venan said to his
companion, "you have a family, get in the
bucket, in a minute I shall be in heaven." The
man did so, and Venan crouched in a corner
of the mine, holding a large stone before his
face, to protect his eyes, of which the miners
are very careful, as they are often injured. The
explosion took place, and when thesmoke cleared
Venan was found to be uninjured.
1883.— Eighth Month 31st.— R. Esterbrook
attended our Select Preparative Meeting, and
dined with us. He spoke of his first voyage
across the Atlantic ocean. He had a great
dread of an ocean passage; but before he left
home, felt, as he believed, a Divine assurance
that he would be carried across in safety. So
strong was his faith in this opening that though
the voyage was long and stormy, his confidence
never fiiiled. The mighty ship was tossed like
a cork on the waves; and when rolling in the
trough of the sea, the yards would seem to touch
the waves, as if the vessel would never recover
itself, but all was to him a source of enjoyment,
from the sense of safety with which he was fa-
vored. He remembered the language of the
Psalmist, "They that go down to the sea in
ships, that do business in the great water ; these
see the works of the Lord, and his wonders in
the deep."
1885.— Ninth Month 12th.— R. E. described
an experience of many years ago. At London
Yearly Meeting, in a meeting for worship, he
felt an impression to speak, but postponed it
till the right time had passed, when the open-
ing was withdrawn, and a distressing feeling of
condemnation took its place. LTnder the bit-
terness of this, he was willing to do anything
to obtain relief, but all commission to speak
was withdrawn.
When attending Yearly Meeting a subsequent
year, as he was seated at the breakfast table
with other Friends, it seemed as if a veil or
curtain was lifted, and he saw before him the
Women's Yearly Meeting. The vision soon
passed from sight, and from memory. Some
days afler, a Friend proposed paying a relig-
ious visit to the Women's Yearly Meeting.
Liberty was given, and again the vision came
before Richard's mental eye, with a remem-
brance of his sufferings on a previous occasion,
and he offered to accompany the Friend, ac-
knowledging that he was under a similar con-
cern.
In the Women's Meeting his Friend relieved
his mind, while Richard sat without a thought
of what it might be his duty to speak. In a
few minutes after the other had finished, an
opening suddenly presented, and R. E. arose
and uttered what was given him to say.
(To be continued )
Who Were the Bigots? — Not long since
an infidel lecturer visited a town to deliver a
series of lectures against the Bible and Christi-
anity. The people of the community took no
particular interest in it, and so there was only
a fair attendance. The lecturer stood it very
well for a night or two, and then began a tirade
of abuse of the Christians in the town for their
" bigotry" in refusing to hear his arguments
against their religion. He made his point good
and strong by using the fact that they were un-
willing to hear him, and so they must be bigots
of the worst kind. When he had finished he
gave an opportunity for persons who desired to
do so, to ask any questions or make any re-
marks. A man arose and said :
"I would like to know how many infidels
there are present, and in order to test the mat-
ter I will ask all the infidels present to stand
up." About fifty arose, nearly all the people
present. " Now," said he, when they had sat
down, " I would like all of those who have risen
and said they were infidels, who have attended
church in the last five years, to stand up." Five
of them arose, when he continued,
"Just one-tenth of you have been willing to
hear both sides, and according to the judgment
of the lecturer this evening nine-tenths of you
are bigots, for you are too bigoted to hear the
arguments in favor of Christianity." He sat
down, nothing more was said, and the meeting
was dismissed. — Christian Oracle.
The Bible in Africa. — A missionary speak-
ing at the annual meeting of the British and
Foreign Bible Society, held at Montreal, said
that in the last eight months the natives of
Uganda had bought thirteen thousand two hun-
dred Bibles or portions of the Bible. The books
have to be carried many miles into the in-
terior from Zanzibar. The Negroes will not
have a (jpok unless it is exactly three by six
inches in size. They cannot be induced to ac
cept even the gift of one that is larger. Th
reason is that this size will fit into an Englig
biscuit tin, the only receptacle they have int
which the white ant cannot make its way.-
Christian Advocate.
For "The Friend."
Response to the Request foe an Opinio:
AS TO " HOW the Saloon can best be sui
PRESSED — in the NEAR FUTURE OR NOT."
In considering the wording of the propositio
submitted to me, as above expressed, there is s
once presented a difficulty in undertaking an
reply, because of the awkward presence in tb
sentence of the little word "can." The meai
ing of this auxiliary verb, according to Webste;
is " to be able ; to have power, either physics
or moral." Were the inquiry as to how to suj
press the saloon put to those who are in po!
session of the delegated power of the people-t
as our executive officers, legislators, judges, etci
and these officials really wanted the stumblinjii
block of the saloon removed, there would be D
difficulty whatever in framing an answer.
Thus, when this Commonwealth's worth
Founder came hither from England, he cami
with a code of beneficent laws in possession,
as proprietary, and with councillors and
semblymen actuated largely by desires to pK"
mote the real good of the people, there was pitt
sented the willingness and the ability to coti
sider and try how we can bring this or that jus
purpose to pass. Similarly, in colonial Care
lina, when the Quaker, John Archdale, one Ci
the eight proprietaries, was named Governor c|
the province, and given pretty large powers, h
remarkably demonstrated in the brief perio'i
that he held the office, what willingness an^
ability can do in the way of the correction c
abuses, oppressions and disorders, the assemblj
for the first time in its history tendering an acl
dress of grateful thanks to the proprietaries.
And yet it was the direct aim of the Quakej
proprietaries who founded Pennsylvania, as we>
as West New Jersey, to lodge the power direct!
in the people, so that if aflTairs went wrong!
would devolve upon themselves to correct theii
mismanagement. It was a memorable raessag
of theirs, that " We lay a foundation for afle
ages to understand their liberty as men and a
Christians, that they may not be brought int
bondage but by their own consent; for we pu^
the power in the people." Now, is not all thi
trouble of which we have so long been con
plaining a consequent of our own consent, seein
that we have put the power in the hands of th
partisan political caucus, and its chief ally th
keeper of the saloon ?
Our duty in the premises — the can and th
ourjlit to he about the suppression of the liquc
traffic — is to be found, I think, very close to th
above quoted message of two centuries ago t,
the settlers by the Delaware's side. The liquc i
question even at that time, though in a mil
way, confronted our predecessors. What di i
they do about it ? It was an age when coflei
tea and cocoa were not the table beverages ths
they are to day, and it was a hundred years i
advance of the utterance of the first public pn
tests, by Benezet and Rush, against the use as
drink of ardent spirits and intoxicants general);
Friends of that day believed they were doing i)
harm in making moderate use of wine and ina
liquors ; but they soon observed that the Indiac
fell easily under the assaults of the alluring an
potent firewater. In treating with them for th
cession of their lands, the Friends had givei
'ifth :
THE FRIEND.
317
'..long wilh a great variety of useful articles, a
'ew kegs of rum, beer and cider ; but, from a
ipecial examination made by me a number of
I'ears ago, relative to the extent to which liquors
{igured iu all the early treaties of Penn and his
issociates, I can say that their total amounted to
, quantity so comparatively little, that it would
le held of slight account indeed, as represent-
ag a single day's sales, by many a holder of
igh license privilege of this present timet Only
«'o years elapsed after Penn's landing, when
he sale of rum or other strong liquors to the
ndiaus was forbidden. An instructive historic
vent to be remembered, was the notable gath-
ring of Friends and Indians in Burlington
iS^oods in 1685, when one of the eight chiefs
bere assembled told how the Dutch had first
)ld his people liquors which they learned to
)ve — how the Swedes had continued the sale,
nd many scores of his people were dead by
jasou of it — " But now," he continued, " there
a people come to live amongst us that have
fes ; they see it to be for our hurt, and we know
to be for our hurt; they are willing to deny
le profit of it for our good."
We do indeed seem to be a long time catch-
ig up to this lesson and keeping abreast of
lis practice. In formal conferences of the re-
gions denominations there appears a pretty
pneral concurrence with the advanced senti-
)ent that the liquor traffic can not be legalized
dthout sin. Our own amended Discipline ad-
jses Friends to " in no case sign petitions for
•f accept licenses for the sale of alcoholic bev-
pages, or [to] rent or lease their buildings for
le manufacture or sale of such liquors." When
; comes to the point of casting our votes, how-
7er, how do we lean to the expediency argu-
ments of our favorite daily paper, or to the care-
otto-oftend platform of our political party,
Uher than to the clear ethics of Holy Writ,
rten last year's platform of one of the two
rincipal parties adopted the safely circumspect
lipression declaratory of " sympathy with all
ise and legitimate eftbrts to lessen and prevent
18 evils of intern [lerance and promote morality,"
le Wine and Spirit Gazette, readily endorsing
ke sympathy plank, added, " So do we, and so
0 all decent, honest, liquor dealers. It meets
le a})proval of the trade."
At the late hearings before the License Court,
t Philadelphia, there was read a remonstrance
jainst a certain applicant, in the shape of a
tter written by the applicant's mother, an aged
Oman of eighty-five years, in which she re-
aested the Court not to grant her son a license,
ating that he was the father of nine children
mging between the ages of four years and
penty years, their mother being dead, and she
ared that if a license was granted her son it
ould have a sadly demoralizing effect on the
,mily. To which stirring appeal the president
■dge made reply that the man in question was
le head of his own family, and as he appeared
1 be of age he was no longer under subjection
> his mother. So the license was granted.
The same day, in the Quarter Sessions Court
' the city, a lad of eighteen years was placed
1 trial for the murder of his father. The
other of the boy testified that she had been
arried nearly twenty years, her husband dur-
ig all that time drinking heavily, as a general
ling spending all his earnings for rum. She
lid her married life had been one continual
)und of abuse and cruelty, her husband re-
satedly threatening her life. Frequently he
ad chased their children from the house with
knife iu his hand, and it was upou such an
occasion that the son, defending himself from
his drunken parent's attack, had fatally struck
the latter with the handle of an axe.
In the daily paper (reputed the best in the
city), containing both the foregoing tragic in-
cident, and the incident of the mother's futile
remonstance before the licensing judges, ap-
peared two specially displayed, double column
wiilth advertisements of liquor dealers — one of
them speaking the praise of a particular brew-
ing of beer, and the other that of the excellent
brandy and whisky and rare rum turned out by
a firm of distillers. Every daily paper in the
city will freely advertise these dangerous goods
as they have the opportunity ; all of them be-
lieve in restricting the number of the privileged
traffickers, charging them well for their licenses,
for none is to be found who will say with the
Indian sachem in Burlington woods, "They are
willing to deny the profit of it for our good."
I see not, therefure, how the saloon can be
suppressed, either now, in the near future, or
ever, through voting for those who are committed
to the continuance of the evil institution, and
who are so largely entangled in oath-bound
fraternities where the ways and methods of the
secret caucus and wire-pulling partisan devices
are learnt. It might be that the ballot in the
hands of woman would effect a great change fir
the better, helping weak man to more wisely
discharge his duty to the State; but should the
would-be helper also drift into the methods that
are hidden and devious, the political condition
would not be improved, and the home would
suffer a loss that would be manifest in the citi-
zen of the future.
Pending this possible extension of the suffrage,
there appears hope for improvement through
reform of the civil service, now so much agi-
tated, though it may be said that there would
be no assurance that the bettered service wi)uld
mean anything more elevating in its treatment
of the liquor traffic than that it should keep
within " decent bounds," and pay handsomely
toward the expenses of the State in being thus
permitted to live. No city in the world is
probably better provided with material, civic
improvements than is Paris, yet the dwellers
therein are assuredly not known beyond all
others for their temperance or godliness.
" The power," continues to be " in the people."
The saloon can be suppressed, and in the not
distant future, if we so will it, but the goal will
not be permanently attained through the law,
education and a reformed civil service. Re-
peating the wise charge of two centuries ago,
we are bidden to "understand [our] liberty as
men and as Christians," and so we reach the
conclusion that as godliness prevails more and
more in the hearts of the children of men, the
attractive fruits of the spirit will successively
break forth^" love, joy, peace, long-suffering,
gentleness, goodness, faith, meekness, temper-
ance " — and the saloon will vanish outof s'ght.
The Gospel will most effectually overcome the
saloon. Josi.\n W. Leeds.
RocouNCEV, Fourth Month 14th, IS'JT.
The marvellous and rapidly increasing com-
merce of the great lakes may well excite the
astonishment of those who are not familiar with
it, and greatly exceeds that of our countrj' upon
the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. The past sea-
son some three thousand four hundred vessels
plied the waters of the lakes, with an aggregate
of over one million three hundred thousand
tons register, and transported over forty million
tons of freight. Five times as mauy vessels
pa-ss through St. Mary's canal at the outlet of
Lake Superior as piuss through the Suez Canal
in Fgypt. — The Prejibyteri/in.
Kor "THE Fkiend."
" If Ihy eye be sin<»le, thy whole body shall be full
of lighl."
To be single in heart Godward is to know
something of purity of heart by the effectual
work of the gift and grace of God in the heart,
casting forth therefrom the unholy and the un-
clean that defiles the inner temple of our l)eing
as did the merchandi.se of old the temple set
apart for the worshij) and outward manifesiar
tion of his presence.
When the eye is single it is no longer our
purpose to shape our course according to the
ways, maxims or purposes of others, but it is,
"What wilt thou. Lord, that I should do or
leave undone?"
The spirit manifested in the letter in The
Friend of Third Month 27th, signed C. H., I
read, and believe there was a righteous concern
on the mind of the writer to know a single eye
and purpose in life to the glory of God. I am
not going to be the judge of others in their acts,
but will leave a passage in ray experience for
the benefit and warning of some not to lean
upon age or the length of experience as to many
years, when advice is given, but to keep to the
single eye to God and his will and purpose.
An aged Friend, bordering on eighty, ad-
dressed me, a young man of twenty-eight or
nine, to remember the uncertainty of life, and
the need to make provision in case I might be
called suddenly away from my delicate wife and
our then one only child.
I heard the Friend out, and then said, " Ab-
raham, I have no freedom to do as thou wishest
me, and my wife and I are one in this matter.
My freedom stands in obedience, not to my own
will, but to the higher sense given me of what
is right for me.
" Charles," said the aged Friend, if that is
your ground I have not another word to say."
To this narrative I have but to add if there
was that singleness of heart and mind to God,
I believe it would be very different with very
many in this our day to what it is. We like to
reason out for ourselves and to hear others
reason out according to our mind what pleases
and suits our tastes and desires, rather than to
keep the single eye Godward.
Thus it happens that dimness and a want of
true sensibility grows over the mind and clouds
it, and the sense is lost as to what it really is to
have a single eye only to the glory of God.
There are so many ways we may glorify God,
and in no way more than by a patient continu-
ance in well-doing according to the mind and
will of God, which is often quite contrary to the
mind and will of man, and how frequently by
suffering. " The foxes have holes and the birds
of the air have nests, but the Son of Man has not
where to lay his head." Is there no analogy
between the Lord and his servant. It is so easy
to plead for that which is most agreeable and
genial to us, that the rougher course into which
the single eye would lead can and is very easily
overlooked. Xow, after the lapse of more than
thirty years, I believe it right thus to express
my mind anew, for the sense of the rectitude of
the position abides with me, and that many be-
lieve they trust in God and their hope is upon
Him alone, while they are leaning upon and
their hope is in their own wise forethought.
Such is the subtle device of the enemy of all
righteousness to work into the mind an imag-
inary dependence under the cover of a noble
348
THE FRIEND.
Fifth Mo. 22, m
independence, yet all the while stealing the
heart's affections away from God. There are
other outcomes of a want of singleness that
produce a want of fruitfulness in labor and of
service. It is the consecrated vessel that the
Lord uses for his purposes of mercy. The whole
heart, the whole trust, the perfect confidence.
It is so easy to slip away from the safe anchor-
age of faith in God, and to come to lean upon
the arm of flesh. I am jealous for God's Truth
in the inward parts, knowing how easy.it is to
let the reasoner in, by which the temple of God
is defiled. When singleness of purpose is in
any measure departed from there is the injury
not to ourselves alone but to our fellows, to
whom we may or may not become a blessing, so
that a double responsibility rests upon those
who make profession of faith in Christ, that
they belie it not by falseness thereunto.
I am not the judge of my fellows, but I am
conscious that there is a living upon what we
have been as a people, rather than by what we
are, and on that side of the ocean and on this
there is great need for close searching of heart
as to the cause of our lack of baptizing power
in our meetings and in our ministry.
Doubtless, if we have lost the true centre of
dependence, and of waiting in silence of sou
we may be in the position of a people of old,
not knowing our right hand from our left.
We do not depart altogether and all at once
out of the right into the wrong, but by degrees
and bit by bit, so that a something else gets
the place in us and the power over us instead of
the great I Am. Sad when it is so, but let us
not ignore the fact of our lack of the Divine
ruling, governing, controlling power with us as a
people, the rightful acknowledgment is the first
step in the path of return, and it is possible to
be recovered out of our lapsed condition, which
will be when our false trusts are removed, in
wealth, in learning, in false refinement, and our
coming in the nakedness of self to feel after
God, to worship Him, bow down before Him,
and obey in the little as in the much, so that
God through Christ will be honored and exalted
and glorified.
There may be a seeming sanctity, but little
purity. May God in mercy deliver us there-
from, by giving singleness of eye and purpose
toward himself. If there be trueness to God
our duty to our neighbors will be filled. We
may maintain outward decorum, but if the in-
wardness of soul with God in communion is
lost, what will it profit? It is the emptiness
and nakedness of soul before God that gets the
filling that is of and from himself, aud where
this is lacking nothing else can take its place.
We may hold to the shell of profession after
the kernel of life is departed, and I may not
often, if again, have the opportunity to express
it, but I have a fear upon my spirit that God is
grieved with us as a people, and has largely hid
his face and his power from us.
I can but express that which is with me and
there leave it. All power is in his hands. He
can turn the hearts of the children of men
toward himself — may He in mercy do so and
among them may I now and ever be found,
though but the least in the household of faith
to his praise and glory.
Charles W. Thomson.
Glasgow, Scotlanii, Fourth Month lOlh, 1897.
It is only another of those futile efforts to
present Heaven in tangible form. Tliere is
enough said in the Scriptures about Paradise to
indicate that it will be a blessed, pure and glori
our state, adapted to purified and perfected na-
tures, endless in duration, the abode of blood-
bought humanity and a sphere of a Christ mani-
festation in glory— enough to quicken hope,
inspire to duty, comfort in suffering and sustain
in dying. For the rest, we must await the
realization, remembering, " Eye hath not seen,
nor ear heard, the things God hath in store for
them that love mm."— Presbyterian.
For "The Friend.'
THY WILL BE DONE.
(Copied from an old number of the British Frii-nd.)
Thy will be done ! Xot lightly be it spoken,
To fall like tinkling cymbals on the air ;
Beyond all other words are these the token
Of resignation conquered from despair.
Nit all who say, "Lord ! Lord," can tell what measure
Of heavy cost it takes iheir depths to learn ;
What loss'of ease, what sacrifice of treasure,
What exile ont of which is no return.
He who has proved this saying bears the traces
Of furnace fires that spare the gold alone;
His conversation is in heavenly places ;
His life is lived as God's and not his own.
His soul in restful patience he \
Nor sighs for hopes that vanish unfulfilled,
As one who meets with loss yet still caresses
Regretful dreams with spirit half self-willed.
No more in things of time his heart is centred,
For he has seen their preciousness decrease ;
Has weighed the world and proved it void and entered
The upper chamber of abiding peace.
Thy will be done ! Oh, utterance magnetic!
that thrills anew the soul's diviner chords.
With deep compassion for that woe prophetic
W'hich filled the anguished chalice of our Lord's.
Behold in that sublime self-abnegation.
What lowly path the man of sorrows trod
And know that out of thy humiliation
Shall grow the grace to stand before thy God.
Then not with lip irreverent be spoken
The hallowed words of God's all-snft'ering Son ;
But say with contrite heart and spirit-broken.
Through loss, through sorrow, "Let thy will be
done."
Frances E. Pope.
Cleveland, Ohio.
Stewardship. — Property is a Divine trust.
Things are tools, not prizes. Life is not for
self-indulgence, but for self-devotion. When,
instead of saying, " The world owes me a living,"
men shall say, " I owe the world a life," then the
kingdom will come in power. We owe every-
thing to God but our sins. Fatherland, pedi-
gree, home life, schooling, Christian training, —
all are God's gifts. Every member of the body
or faculty of mind is ours providentially. There
is no accoiuplishment in our lives that is not
rooted in opportunities and powers we had noth-
ing to do with in achieving. " What hast thou
that thou didst not receive ?" If God gives us
the possibilities and the power to get wealth,
to acquire influence, to be forces in the world,
what is the true conception of life but Divine
ownership and human administration? "Of
thine own we render thee." All there is of" me"
is God's estate, and I am his tenant and agent.
On the day of our birth a new lease is signed
on the day of our death, accounts are closed
Our fidelity is the interest on God's principal
" That I may receive mine own with interest'
is the Divine intention. So live that when thy
summons comes to give an account of thy stew-
ardship, it may be done with joy, and not with
grief! — Selected.
For " THE Friend." ^
A Visit to Pink Hill. ;
Having received an invitation to visit a p|
markable growth of Mountain V\vtk {Phlox svln\
lata), in Delaware County, on Fifth Month IbI
1897, in company with a few botanical friend'i
I took the cars to Wawa on the Baltimore Ceil
tral Road. Dismounting there, we walked up tb
wooded ravine through which flows Rocky RuK
It was a somewhat romantic walk through grouns
very rich in flowers. Among these we notei
an abundance of the pretty little Wind-flowe*
{Anemone nemorosa), its cousin the Rue Anemoii
{Anemonella thaliclroides), and the delicate litti
Dwarf Ginseng {Aralia irifolia) ; here grew ab
the Wood Betony, better iinown by the horael
name of Louse Wort (Pedicularw Canadensis)!
the two early flowering Buttercups (i?anM7ic«iil
fascieularis), with conspicuous bright yellow pel
als, and the Ranunculus abortivus, with small an*
inconspicuous flowers; the short-leaved Meadoi
Grass {Poa brevifolia), so called because the stei>
leaves are quite short, although the radial leav(>
are long as in many other grasses ; the BlueCt
hosh ( Caulophylliim thalictroides), was in bloom
When mature the seeds are deep blue. This plan
is not so widely distributed as many others,
have never seen it in the Central and Southeri(
parts of New Jersey, although it grows in thj
more northern part of that State.
We saw also that curious plant, the Indian
Turnip (Ariscema triphylla). It possesses a sul
terranean round stem of a turnip shape, whic
is farinaceous and wrinkled, and with an ii
tensely acrid juice, which has poisonous props;
ties which disappear in drying or when th
plant is boiled. Most country boys are familis
with the taste, but they soon learn to touch ;
cautiously. Once, when walking through th
woods in company with an English Friend, wh
was not familiar with the plant, I gave h'
piece to taste, not so much in a spirit of miii
chief as to add to his botanical knowledgti
From the number of his exclamations and th
energy with which the fragment of Arissem
was ejected from his mouth, I believe he Ion
retained a vivid impression of its biting charac
teristic.
On the steep slope of a bank facing the nortj
were the leaves of the Round-leaved Violei
(Viola rotundifolia). It is a northern planv
which still survives in mountains and in wek
sheltered localities. The flowers, which are ye>:
low, had disappeared. We saw also severe
other violets— Viola pubeseens,a yellow flowerei)
species with a stem — that is the leaves
flowers do not spring directly from the
Viola Canina, also possessing a stem and havin,<
violet- colored flowers ; Viola palmata, one of thi
most common blue violets. We admired th
beautiful bell-shaped flower and the pinnat
leaves of the Jacob's Ladder {Polemonium re^
tans), aud the peculiar manner of growth of th
Wild Ginger (Asanmi Canadense), in which th
two rather large, downy leaves are supported oi
long footstalks. In their fork is located th
solitary flower, which is so close to the grouu^
that it is often concealed beneath the dead leave
with which the earth is covered.
In one part of the wood there grew a consider!)
ble number of the Yellow Puccoon (HydrasU
Ca?iadensis) ; the root stock is yellow and i
said to have been used by the aborigines fo
dying. The flowers are white and the fruit i
crimson berry-like mass of seed vessels.
With so many things to claim our attention
it may well be imagined that our progress aloD|
the banks of Rocky Run was but slow. At las
Mfth Mo. 22, 1897
THE FRIEND.
349
■ we emerged on a road that leads to Lima, where
)ur party of excursidiiists were to meet at the
iiouse of Dr. Samuel Trimble, a botanist pretty
thoroughly conversant with the plants of that
i-egion. Gathering up his family, we numbered
in all a company of twelve, and concluded to
• unch in the woods near by the point of our
iltimate destination. Dr. Trimble was pilot,
und led the way to a spot which seemed suitable
n all respects, except that no water was in
yght, although there was a slight ravine such
IS we often see at the head of a spring. The
ioctor quickly commenced scraping away the
ieaves, and throwing with his hands the stones
|)ut of the bottom of the depression, and soon
nade a little pool with a stream running through
_t, which furnished an ample supply of fluid
"or our wants. The spring was there, but it
lad been finding its way underground among
be loose stones.
I When dinner was ended we crossed the fence
tvhich bounded the woods, and found ourselves
'm the edge of the famous " Pink Hill." It was
i beautiful sight. The field contained many
' Jcres, almost covered with the red flowers of
•he Phlox, and with an abundance of white
)lossoms of the large-flowered Ceraathnn arvense,
he Arabis lyrata, and patches of the delicate
Bluets {Hou»tonia myrulea), also called Quaker
jady • — certainly a high compliment to our
isters. The profusion of bloom around one
)roupht a temptation to lie down and roll in
'his floral wealth, and suggested the story told
if an officer in one of the British ships, which
jad captured a Spanish vessel partly laden with
folden coin, on her voyage from America to
"Europe. He entreated his comrades to be al-
^wed to lie down in the cabin and roll on the
irecions metal. I was also reminded of the
ate Eichard Esterbrook, who when riding past
. field of red clover in full bloom, wished to be
eated in an arm chair in the midst of the
lowers.
The soil of " Pink Hill " is unproductive and
3 not farmed, but some grass grows on it, which
f3 pastured. The surface is covered with cellu-
ar quartz, abounding in minute crystals. The
arth is red and contains iron ore, which has
leen dug at different places, but it is not found
n sufficient quantities to be profitable. The hill
3 evidently a bed of altered serpentine rock,
^llular quariz and iron ore are frequently the
jroducts of decomposed serpentine.
Dr. Trimble, who has known this locality for
Many years, says that originally the Phlox was
onfined to a small part of the field, where it
lad refuge in the green briars and bushes which
iverspread the ground. As these were cleared
ip the Phlox spread, finding a congenial soil.
)r. Darlington, in his Flora Ce^trka, speaks of
t as growing on sterile rocky hills and serpen-
ine ridges— indeed its fondness for barren soils
3 such, that many of its admirers have found a
lifficulty in transplanting it from its native lo-
alities to their gardens. In the vicinity of
'ink Hill are two spots clear of trees in the
roods, called Indian clearings, and supposed to
lave been made by the aborigines for the cul-
ivation of corn or other vegetables. These are
overed with Phlox, and beautiful patches of it
'.re found on serpentine banks in Chester Co.,
'a.
We noticed a number of patches of the curious
>Iay Apple {Podophyllum pelfatuwn). The erect
tem divides into two leaf-stalks bearing large
like flavor, which is not very agreeable, yet it
IS often eaten by country boys, who seem to
consider every wild fruit they meet with as so
much clear gain. The root is large and creeps
horizontally, sending up suckers, which thus
form the dense patches in which it grows.
J. W.
For "THE Fkiknd."
[The members of Philadelphia Yearly Jfeet
ing will generally have the opportunity of re
ceiving the Extracts from the minutes of its
late sittings, but as there are a number of ou.
readers who are not members of this body, we
have concluded to insert in The Friend, th
lively and instructive Minute on the religious
exercises of the meeting, which is contained in
the Extracts: — Ed.]
The Friends named to prepare a Minute on
the religious exercises which have engaged our
attention, produced the following, which was
adopted by the meeting :
We have been favored at times during the
course of this meeting with a degree of solemn
feeling, which we may accept as an evidence of
the favor and good presence of our Holy Head.
Under the constrainings of the love of Christ,
and with a desire for the welfare of their fellow-
members, several of our brethren have been led
to communicate to us encouragement and coun-
sel. In guarding against pernicious reading, it
is needful not only to be on our guard respect-
ing works of fiction, which are often very un-
wholesome food for the mind, but to avoid those
so-called scientific treatises, which tend to un-
dermine our faith in the ever-present superin-
tendence and care of the Creator and upholder
of the world over his creatures, and either lead
their readers to deny the reality of miraculous
events, or endeavor to explain them away, as
governed by the ordinary laws of nature.
The report of the Book Committee of the
Meeting for Sufferings, opened the way to en-
courage our members individually to do their
part in the distribution of the valuable literature
of the Society. If Friends were sufficiently
alive to this subject, it was believed that way
would often open, to hand to a neighbor or I
stranger, some book that might be helpfu"
him in giving information as to our doctrines
and testimonies, or in turning his attention to
subjects of vital importance to himself.
The duty enjoined upon parents to their child-
ren by the third Query, and especially to guard
them from the corrupting influences of world-
ly associations, and restrain them from per-
nicious reading and diversions, was brought
to view. The only effective qualification for
this service is to be found in submission by
parents to the heart cleansing work of Divine
grace in themselves. The Lord Jesus, as the
baptizer of his believing followers, will thor-
oughly purge the soul and set up his kingdom
within us. Let all parents open to Him who
knocks for admission. The filial relation be-
tween them and their tender offspring must
awaken a new and powerful sense of responsi-
bility for the present and eternal welfare of the
immortal beings entrusted to their care. This
should lead to an examination into our own
spiritual condition in the sight of Him who is
the true Light, and we should seek to realize by
faith, that the blood of Jesus Christ cleanseth
from all sin. Our daily life and conduct should
be brought to the test of his precepts, as record-
eaves and a white flower in their fork. The ed in holy writ, and we ought to" learn in nis
ruit is yellowish and succulent when mature, school that nothing is too trivial to be regulated
t is sweet and has a rather mawkish, banana- 1 by the law of the Spirit of life in Him ; that
whether we eat or drink, or whatsoever we do,
all shouhl be done to the glory of God. Thus
the loving parent is prepared, and the heart ex-
panded in tender sympathy for the child by ex-
ample and precept, to instruct and guard its in-
ftint mind. As soon as the opening faculties of
the child can comprehend s])iritual and moral
truths, the watchful parent will seek for heaven-
ly wisdom to instil them, and lead its heart to
love and obey its Creator. Daily watching unto
prayer, under a sense of our dependence on God
for ability to fulfil our duties U) our children,
will draw down the Divine blessing on the
family.
The reverent and frequent perusal of the
Holy Scriptures with them, directing their at-
tention to the gracious Saviour, of whom they
testify, and his various offices, a,s the tendering
visitations of his Spirit may open the Scriptures
will be found fruitful of good. '
Such a godly concern will be the highest evi-
dence to children of the value and need of tak-
ing up the cross to all that is contrary to the
precepts of Christ. They should be instructed
that our dress, language, thoughts, recreations,
business and behavior in many particulars are
to be regulated by his teachings and those of
his apostles, as recorded in the New Testament,
and that tiie rules of discipline of our Societv
on these subjects, conform to them.
Our youth were entreated to yield to these
restraining influences and the converting power
of the Spirit of Christ, as the means of their
highest earthly as well as eternal happiness,
and preservation from the delusive snares of
worldly pleasure, which often ruin their votar-
ies, both in this life and that which is to come.
A lively concern arose for the proper training
and restraining of our children, especially en'^
deavoring to guard them against evil and w'orld-
ly tendencies. And in the selection of schools
for their education, we were reminded of the im-
portance of selecting religiously minded teach-
For if they are persons of worldly or cor-
rupt minds, they will certainly influence the
I minds of their pupils in a wrong direction, even
when they have no such intentions.
Our hearts have been much turned towards
our younger members, with earnest desires and
prayers that He who can turn the heart, as a
man turneth the water-course in the field, may
graciously visit them by his Spirit, and bring
them into sweet communion with himself, and
into obedience to his Divine requirings. There
is no way to the kingdom of Heaven except
that of self-denial and bearing the cross. But
even to those who have in good measure escaped
the pollutions that are in the world through
lust, Satan presents temptations. He seeks by
plausible presentations to hinder that Divine
communion in which lies our strength, and to
engage the mind in various schemes and em-
ployments, some of which may have a show of
good. Yet if they are not entered upon in the
leading of Christ's Spirit, they may prove very
hurtful to the tender seed of life, 'and tend to
promote a spirit of exaltation and self-right-
eousness ; for, as a worthy deceased elder once
wrote, "The cross of Christ, that power that
humbles the creature in the dust, is the great
object of hatred of the enemy of all righteous-
ness, at which he is ever aiming his shal'ts."
The church mourns over the loss of many
valuable servants, recently removed from among
us, and it is to you, dear young Friends, that she
looks for worthy successors to fill their places.
Gather up their fallen mantles, and with holy
resolution tread in the footsteps of the flock of
350
THE FRIEND.
Fifth Mo. 22, ISO'S
Christ's compauions, submitting yourselves in
all things to the government of his Spirit. If
ye do this, 3-e will be joined in loving fellowship
with those servants of God, who have received
command to watch over the flock as those who
must give account of their stewardship to the
Chief Shepherd, and the aspirations of whose
hearts often are for blessings upon you. Some
of these can say with the Apostle, " I have no
greater joy, than to see my children walk in the
Truth," while mourning and tears are their ex-
perience when they see those they love wander-
ing from the safe path.
A concern has also been felt for our older
members, that they may be fervently exercised
for the help and perservation of those younger in
experience, endeavoring to guard them against
all mistakes, and to encourage them in reverent-
ly waiting for and faithfully obeying the mani-
festations of Divine love. May they take to
themselves the advice given by Paul to the
Elders of Ephesus, " Take heed to yourselves,
and to the flock over which the Holy Ghost
hath made you overseers, to feed the Church of
God."
We have been reminded of the solemn nature
of the profession we make when we assemble for
the purpose of Divine worship, and the necessity
that all who are thus gathered should seek to
retire in spirit, as into the presence of the Lord.
Thus engaged we shall often be favored to
draw our supply of spritual strength and conso-
lation, directly from our Holy Head. The so-
lemnity with which the meeting may thus be
covered will have an efl^ect upon others, and
tend to restrain the utterance of words in the
wisdom and will of man.
Although every good thing must come from
God, and the visitations of his Grace are the
moving cause of all righteousness, teaching man
to deny ungodliness and worldly lusts, and to
live soberly, righteously and godly, yet it has
often pleased Him to bless the labors of those
whom He has anointed as preachers of the Gos-
pel. The preservation of the Church on its an-
cient and sure foundation is closely connected
with the maintenance of our testimony as to the
right origin and exercise of Gospel ministry. It
is a gift bestowed by the Head of the Church
upon those whom He has selected and prepared
for the service, and it is only to be exercised as
He gives the fresh command, and anoints with
his qualifying power. No amount of study of
the Scriptures, or other means of self-prepara-
tion, can make a living minister. The ministry
now must be as Paul declared his was, " In the
demonstration of the Spirit and with power," and
"not with the enticing words of man's wisdom."
How earnest is the exhortation of that deeply-
experienced minister, William Penn, " I fervent-
ly bow my knees to the God and Father of our
Lord, Jesus Christ, that you may ever wait rev-
erently for the coming and opening of the Word
of Life, and attend upon it in your ministry and
service, that you may serve God in the Spirit."
The young convinced he exhorted to " a dili-
gent and chaste waiting upon God in the way
of his blessed manifestation and appearance of
himself to you."
" For you that are the children of God's peo-
ple a great concern is upon my spirit for your
good, and often are my knees bowed to the God
of your fathers for you, that you may come to
be partakers of the same Divine life and power
that has been the glory of this day, that a gen-
eration you may be to God, a holy nation and
a peculiar people, zealous of good works, when
all our heads are laid in the dust."
Finally, " we commend you to God, and to
the word of his grace, which is able to build
you up, and to give you an inheritance among
all them which are sanctified."
A Letter from Paris.
Two weeks have passed and we have done
no sight-seeing. The weather keeps cool and
rainy. Of course we take little walks every
day, but we put in the time studying outside
of that mostly.
We have had however some very interesting
experiences of other kinds, which have given
us glimpses into the social life and foreign stu-
dent life at Paris. For instance, we were at a
dinner the other evening. Fortunately there
was no one present who could speak English,
and we had a very good test of our advance-
ment in the matter of understanding new voices,
and expressing ourselves as well. The most
interestiug person at the table was a large, ex-
tremely comfortable looking individual whom
every one addressed with great respect as " Mon-
sieur I'Abbe." This Monsieur I'Abbe is quite
a remarkable person ; you could easily imagine
him as making a brilliant success in the world
in anything he undertook, outside of the office
of looking after souls, and yet from his Catholic
standpoint that is just where he seems to have
succeeded so well. He was an entirely new
type to me, and I watched him very closely.
He was extremely entertaining, full of stories
and anecdotes, and seemed to enjoy the good
things of life to the greatest extent. My friend
and I kept saying now and then to one another,
" everything but spiritual." He talked a good
deal with us and promised to come some day
and speak only English with us ; but soon he
explained that his list of English words was
limited to three — yes, how, thanksgiving, — but
they were pronounced with such a French accent
that we could not immediately recognize them.
He also promised to read us some English with
the French accent, which would be highly
amusing. He is now quite an old man. At
the time of the Commune, in 1871, he was forced
to go in disguise. The Communists wished to
put an end to all religion, as well as to all gov-
ernment, and after seizing the Abbots of the
Madeleine and Notre Dame, they attempted to
secure the one we met the other evening, as
well. He, however, escaped, and dressed him-
self as an Englishman, wearing a false mous-
tache, etc.
All the places of worship in Paris were bar-
ricaded at the time. There was one man who
knew of his hiding-place, and when there was
any one ill or dying among his congregation,
this man would go for him, and bring his priestly
robes to the house of the sick person, where the
Abbot would take off his mask and officiate as
priest. The two high dignitaries who had been
seized by the Communists, were publicly shot,
along with other noted public men ; after it be-
came evident that their persecutors could no
longer hold the city against the attacks of the
French army, which had been forced to lay
.seige to the city as though it were a hostile one.
But I shall have occasion to speak of this again.
Another interesting afternoon this week was
spent visiting an American artist, who is study-
ing here. It was a glimpse into the foreign
student life of this great city, which is so full
of all phases of existence. We are invited to
spend the day with him and another friend at
Fontainebleau this week and we anticipate
much pleasure from the trip.
First-day morning. — This is a bright, cleai
Easter morning, but not warm, although the
trees and grass are very green. I half wak-
ened quite early with the delicious, dreamy
consciousness of songs of birds, and great tree
trunks reflected in still lakes, with glimpses ol
white marble, half hidden amid the foliage, and
the gentle murmurs of running water. When
I was roused finally to full consciousness by the
maid's coming with hot water, I found I was
again in Paris, although my mind had been
wandering back to the enchanting scenes of the
last two days, which have impressed themselves
indelibly on my memory.
I have no definite ideas of Fontainebleau to
give. I enjoyed it all too intensely to ma
terialize the sensations which I felt. Thai
limitless forest, with its innumerable paths ami
roadways; the dark tree trunks, half hidden
by the tender green drapery of the young leaves
the wild, romantic valleys, almost caiious, with
steep boulder-covered sides; all these are im-
pressions unlimited by time or space ; they be
long to nature everywhere. And yet the woods
of Fontainebleau are more than that. With
out trying at all to realize their historic im
portance, the atmosphere seemed imbued with
the lives of all those royal personages that
history has made us acquainted with.
It was here that Francis I., Henry IV., and
all the rest of the royalty of France, came tc
repose themselves from the cares of State. I(
was here that that little incident occurred be-
tween a peasant and Henry IV., which has
always amused me. The latter had been hunt-
ing with his courtiers, and in chasing a deer he
lost his way. Seeing a peasant he requested
the latter to assist him in regaining his com-
panions. The peasant replied he would gladl)
do so, but he had been waiting at that point
all day to see the king pass by, and he was afraic
he would miss the sight. "Oh," said Henry,
" if that is what detains you, you have nothing
to do but jump up behind me, for you will be
sure to see the king among his courtiers."
While under way, the peasant asked how ht
should know the king when he saw him. Henrj
replied, " The one who keeps on his hat will b«
he." Of course the king was greeted with louo
cheers by the crowd on his return ; then turn
ing to the peasant, he said, " Well, who is tht
king?" The peasant scratched his head and
answered, " Well, sir, it must be either you oi
I, for all the rest have their hats ofl'."
But that is a digression. But of course fai
more than the woods, the chateau is filled witl
historic associations. It is the only palace left
furnished as in the old days. The Louvre is i
museum and library ; Versailles, a picture gal
lery ; St. Cloud and the.Tuilleries were destroyec
by the Communists ; so that this makes Font
ainebleau all the more interesting.
The main delight which I derived from thi
palace I owe to D'Aubigne's History of tin
Reformation. Having formed an acquaintanei
through those interesting pages at the tende;
age, when impressions are the most vivid an(
lasting, with Francis I., and Henry IV., thesi
personages stand out in my memory with i
vividness far beyond that of any other figures
whose acquaintance was made at a later period
I cannot tell why, but I always liked Franci
I ; the persecutions carried on at the time alway
seemed to me much more closely connected witl
the authorities of the Sorbonne than with th
king. Of course I did not reason at that agf
I simply liked him, that was all, and his prol
estant sister— protestant at least in heart — th
ll
Fifth Mo. 22, 1897
THE FRIEND.
351
imother of Henry IV. (or perhaps grandmother
. — yes it must be the latter), was one of my
heroines, while I simply raved over Henry IV.
The chateau of Fontainebleau breathes the
atmosphere of these two kings more than any
others. One small wing dates way back to St.
Louis, in the thirteenth century, but the real
palace was built by Francis, and greatly en-
ilarged by Henry IV. There are also wings
added by nearly all the other kings of France,
including the emperors, so that the whole forms
in immense pile of buildings, seemingly limit-
less. It requires an hour to see the apartments
;hat are open to visitors. As soon as a half-
lozen or so persons are collected, a guide oflers
bimst'lf and conducts the party. It is entirely
.Tee, but the custom is to give the guide a small
i"ee on leaving as his services are indeed valu-
ible, as he explains everything. Of course no
jne is admitted to wander around at will, there
ire too many valuable things exposed for that.
3ne enters what is called the "Gourdes Adieux,"
jeing a large green, where in 1814, the gardes
.vere assembled to receive the farewell of their
;reat commander, Napoleon, from the balcony
ibove.
I The first apartments shown were those of
>fapoIeon. One sees the table upon which he
igned his abdication. There is a round hole
;ut in it by a penknife, which he is said to have
inconsciously made at the time. The guide,
lowever, added that he did not believe it was
rue, for Kapoleon knew too well how to con-
;eal his feelings to admit of that. Then came
he exquisite apartments of Marie Antoinette.
)ne could not help shuddering while gazing
,t the beautiful drapery over her bed, to think
[f what hung over her last resting place. And
|he ex(iuisite cradle of the little Louis XVIII.,
ity the side of the bed brought no more cheer-
ul associations.
Then we saw the older parts of the palace ;
lut the details mean nothing in describing them,
•'uly the ceilings, the walls, the floors, the deco-
ations, express the very highest possibilities of
rt in these lines. From the most delicate
iades of the daintiest fabrics, to the richest
nd deepest colors in plush and tapestry, heavy
(■ith gold ; all that painting, wood carving,
aosaic could do, has been done to make this
Qterior a temple to the beautiful ; and all the
ihUe the millions were crying for bread, and
he great cry that went up was heard, the peo-
'le were avenged.
We made twice the entire circuit, because
be first time did not satisfy us. And so after
aving wandered several hours among the in-
escribably beautiful gardens, I was very glad
fter lunch the last afternoon, of a little sprin-
le of rain, which made the rest of the party
refer indoors, and I could slip off alone and
'ander around undisturbed by other thoughts
r feelings than those the quiet, and to external
ars, voiceless witnesses, of the past could whis-
er to me.
, The excursion can be made in one day from
'aris, but it is hurried, and we felt it would be
nsatisfactory, for we neither of us care to go
ght-seeing in the ordinary sense. In order to
et the best of what one sees, one must come
ith a mind wholly freed from all pre-occupa-
on, and simply receptive. Otherwise one loses
11 the reality that the place has to give. In
ny other spirit one sees only trees, statuary,
andsome furniture, etc. — nothing one could
ot see at home; the diflerence being simply
lat of design or quality. And one cannot
urry into the proper state of mind in which
to get the best of things ; it is too subtle for
that, and flies the greedy touch. It is for this
reason that travelling often retards rather than
aids one's higher development. It is like fill-
ing a house with rare and costly furniture,
which has no use but to collect moths and dust,
and prevent us from really living.
We had a charming little hotel just across
from the chateau. Everything was excellent,
though no display, and the pretty French maids
in their white caps were polite and obliging.
But with characteristic French economy, there
was no fire either in our rooms or in the parlors
or dining-room. We suggested asking being
admitted into the kitchen, and finally succeed-
ed in getting up a little warmth by sitting four
on a sofa.
The next morning, when the chocolate was
brought to our room, there was no " chauferette"
for our feet, so we were forced to bundle up all
the rugs to put our feet on, covering them after-
wards with pillows. But as the sun came up
and we had exercised a little, we felt warm
enough.
It was after dark when we came into Paris
at the Gare de Lyon, fully an hour by cab from
the part of the city where we are staying. It
was so delightful after the little outing to come
back refreshed in body and mind, and to feel
there was a real " chez moi" waiting for us, and
not a boarding-house or hotel. E. S. K.
Natural History, Science, etc.
Animal Etiquette. — The otter at the Zoo, on
the day on which the great frost of 1895 began,
had just been provided with material for a new
bed. It was freezing hard ; half its pond was
covered with ice, and the nice, warm, dry straw
was pushed partly into its house, while part of
the bundle lay on the bridge, and some in the
water. In order to make itself comfortable, all
the otter had to do was to step out of its house
on to the bridge and pull the dry straw in.
There was plenty for a bed without meddling
with that in the water at all. But it is not per-
mitted by otter etiquette to do any work on dry
ground which can possibly be done in the water.
Like most of the etiquette of labor, this is based
partly on prejudice, but partly on sound prin-
ciples.
Unfortunately, in this case the material was
one in which weight made no matter, and in
which dryness was essential for it to be of any
use, that is, for a bed on a frosty night. This
did not weigh with the otter in the least. In-
stead of pulling the straw in dry, it plunged
into the icy water, dived and came up on the
side of the bridge over which some straw was
dipping into the water. It swam along and
collected as many of the hanging ends as it
Could in its mouth ; then dived back under the
bridge, and dragged all the dry part of the
straw into the water, having considerable diffi-
culty in doing so, because it was hitched over
the edge of the bridge-plank. It then pulled all
the dripping straw into its bed, rushed out, took
another plunge and collected another mouthful,
which it pulled into the water, and swam off
with it as before. After several visits it had
collected the whole of what was lying on the
plank, had wetted it all thoroughly, and was
preparing to go to sleep on it inside its house —
a proceeding which almost induced rheumatism
at sight among the spectators But the otter
was quite satisfied it had acted according to rule,
and been true to amphibious etiquette, down to
soaking what were to be its bed-clothes for the
coldest night of the year.
Animal Dixlikt oj Solitude. — Voluntary re-
cluses are almost unknown in the aninml world.
Perhaps the one consistently unsociable creature
in Europe is the hamster, an ill-tempered, sulky
little rodent. p]ach hamster lives in a large,
roomy burrow all by himself, in defence of
which he will fight like a badger against any
other hamster who may try to enter. Family
life he wholly avoids, never allowing a female
inside his burrow, but keeping her at a good
distance, and making her find her own living
for herself and family. The la.st burden is,
however, not a serious one, for by the time the
young ones are three weeks old, each discovers
that family life is a great mistake and sets off
to make a bachelor burrow for himself and save
up beans for the winter. For, in addition to its
other amiable qualities, the hamster has that
of avarice in a marked degree, and heaps up
treasures of corn, rye and horse-beans far in
excess of his own private wants for the winter.
His favorite plan is to dig a number of treasure
chambers, all communicating with a central
guard-room, in which the owner eats and grows
fat until the hardest frosts begin, when he curls
himself up to sleep until the spring. But this
life of leisure does not begin until the harvest
has been gathered. While the crops are ripen-
ing the hamsters work incessantly to increase
their hoards, and as much as three hundred-
weight of grain and beans have been taken from
a single burrow. After harvest, the peasants
often search with probes for the treasure cham-
bers of the robbers and no doubt exact a heavy
tribute from the hamster's stores.
For "THE Fbiknd."
Supposing it to be interesting to many readers
of The Friend, particularly ihose in the State
of Iowa, the writer feels a freedom to inform
that the article, " A Eeminiscence," which ap-
])eared in that journal under date of Second
Month 20th, 1897, relating to the kind care of
the late Joseph Scattergood many years ago in
furnishing the then newly built prison for the
State above named, with a quantity of books to
be placed in its library, and their kind recep-
tion by the officials of that Institution, together
with the information that that Library had re-
cently been destroyed by fire, claimed the no-
tice of worthy surviving members of the de-
ceased's family, and the subject was laid before
the Book Publishing Committee of Philadelphia
Yearly Meeting, who kindly made an appro-
priation of a quantity of books, which were
shipped direct to the warden of said prison, and
the writer being furnished by that official with
the subjoined acknowledgment of the reception
of said books, deems it worthy of the highest
regard of the religious Society of Friends, and
hope they may duly appreciate the same.
Under date of third Month 24th, 1897, P.
W. Madden writes me :
"My Dear Sir: — I am in receipt of your es-
teemed favor of recent date, and beg to assure
you of the gratitude of myself. Chaplain Croker,
and inmates of this Institution for the very kind
interest you have evinced in our behalf. We
have been advised by Mr. Scattergood of the
contemplated shipment of books, and have writ-
ten him our personal assurance that they will
be appreciated."
And again under date of Fourth Month 1st:
" I am pleased to be able to inform you that
we have received the books from our mutual
friend Scattergood, and they are very highly
appreciated. The consignment consisted of fifty-
two volumes, all new, and will be valued very
highly in arranging our new Library."
352
THE FRIEND.
Fifth Mo. 22, 1897
For "THE FEIEND."
The teaching of Christ from first to last, ac-
cording as shown to us iu the New Testament,
is full'of instruction. When we consider the
labor that is bestowed among professors of re-
ligion to get suitable food to satisfy immortal
desires, is it not evident that they feel that in
the abundance there is a sufficiency? Forget-
ting that " without faith it is impossible to please
God." Sufficiency is wholly of the Lord. It
seems strange that professors of Truth should
be weaklings of the flock. It is Holy Ghost
power that can satisfy the hungry soul. And
how is it to be obtained ? not by works of right-
eousness which we have done, but by humbling
ourselves under the mighty hand of God, in
order both for feeding, for strength and heir-
ship with Christ in his kingdom which hath no
end. It is Gospel power that is needed for the
conversion of sinners.
Phebe R. Gifford.
Providence, Fifth Month 2nd, 1S97.
The nautilus has hitherto been so inaccessi-
ble to the student that its embryology has never
been examined. At length Dr. Willey, late of
Columbia College, has gone to New Guinea,
and after keeping numbers of the nautilus in a
large cage, sunk to the depth of three fathoms,
in the sea of the Loyalty Island, has had the
good fortune to secure the spawn. Each egg is
as large as a grape and is deposited separately
by the mother nautilus, whereas they are de-
posited in bunches by the squid. The nautilus
is trapped in baskets by the natives of some of
the Melanesian Islands and used as food.— T/te
Independent.
SUMMARY OF EVENTS.
United States. — On the 17th instant President
McKinley sent a message to Congress staling that a
number of American citizens in Cuba are in a state of
destitution and recommending an appropriation of
$50,000, to be immediately available for use under the
direction of the Secretary of State. The appropria-
tion was made by the Senate, but no action was taken
in the House.
On the 14lh instant, Stephen B. Mallory of Florida,
was elected U. S. Senator of that State. There had
been twenty-five ballots taken.
David A. Wells says in the Popular Science Monthly
— " Of the commodities in general use in the United
States, the two that have not notably declined iu con-
sumption during the almost universal depression of
industry in recent years are fermented liquors am'
manufactured tobacco, more especially in the form of
cigarettes."
According to tables given in The Engineering and
Mining Journal during the year 1S96. the total pro-
duction of gold from all the mines of the globe was
10,522,010 ounces. The United States headed the
list with 2,757,020 ounces; next came Australia with
2,114,142 ounces; the Transvaal was third, with 2,-
089,251 ounces, and Russia stood fourth, with 1,528,-
742 ounces. The total value of the gold mined during
the year was more than 1240,000,000.
The Mississippi Valley Cottonwood Association, in
session at St. Louis, has decided to advance the price
of all grades of Cottonwood lumber two dollars per
thousand feet. This action was taken on account of
the destruction to cottonwood which the lower Mis-
sissippi floods had caused. A memorial to the United
States Senate was adopted fa
of two dollars per thousand feet board measure on all
imported lumber.
Iowa has chosen the wild rose as its Slate flower,
both Houses of the Legislature having voted in its
favor.
Governor Black, of New York, has signed the" Civil
Service" bill. The Governor has explained his ap-
proval of the bill in an official memorandum, the lan-
guage of which seems to increase ten-fold the indig-
nation caused by the act itself. The memorandum is
a direct challenge to the Civil Service Reformers, and
from this time onward the Governor of New York will
be the object of their fiercest attack Governor Black
has also signed the two bills needed to remove every
obstacle to the building of the new East River Bridge.
The first caisson for the New York tower was launched
the afternoon of the 13th instant.
Natural gas, which promises to be superior, both as
to quantity and quality, to any Pacific coast wells, has
been struck in Sacramento, and the total supply from
the well is estimated at 100,000 feet daily.
The towns of Woodsdale, Moscow, Springfield and
Fargo in Kansas, which had a population of 1,100 in
1890, have now only a population of eighteen, accord-
ing to the United States Investor. Hugoton has three
families out of the 400 that used to live there. Nine
children go to the 810,000 schoolhouse, and there is
tanding, like a monument of folly, a water-works
system that cost some Eastern investor ^36,000. The
town never paid a cent of principal or interest on all
this and never will.
New Bedford, Mass., has twenty more liquor saloons
than the law allows, and the police are in a quandary
to know which of them belong to the legal excess.
On Fourth-day, the 12th instant, the Grand Jury
indicted Commander Booth-Tucker, of the Salvation
Army, for maintaining a public nuisance in the Salva-
tion Army barracks, in West Fourteenth Street, New
York. It is charged that the quiet of the neighbor-
hood is disturbed by the singing and shouting of the
Army at their religious meetings. Commander Booth-
Tucker is therefore under ^300 bail to appear for trial,
and is in danger of being imprisoned for a year, which
is the maximum penalty for this kind of misdemeanor.
This seems to be unnecessarily harsh treatment of a
man, who, whatever may be said of his methods, is
certainly trying to accomplish a great deal of good in
this city. Fourteenth Street is no longer a residential
centre. It is a business street, and the barracks are no
more a public nuisance than two or three concert
halls on the same street, which are undisturbed.
Deaths in this city last week numbered 443, which
is 25 more than the previous week, and 32 more than
the corresponding week of 1896. Of the foregoing, 237
were males and 20S females : 60 died of pneumonia ;
47 of consumption; 27 of heart disease; 23 of diph-
theria ; 20 of nephritis ; 20 of cancer ; 16 of apoplexy ;
13 of convulsions ; 13 of marasmus; 12 of inflamma
tion of the brain ; 12 of typhoid fever ; 10 from casual
ties ; 9 of uraimia ; 9 of Eright's disease, and 9 of old
age.
Marked, &C.—V.S. 2's, 96 a 98; 4'8, reg., 110} a 111 ;
coupon, ll2 a 112i; new 4's, reg., 123 a 123} ; 5's, 113 a
113| ; currency 6's, 104 a 107.
Cotton was quiet but firm, on a basis of SyVc. per
pound for middling uplands.
Feed.— Spot bran ranged from $12.50 to $13.0a per
ton for winter in bulk, and $11.00 a $12.00 for spring
in sacks.
Fi^ouR. — Winter super, $2.75 a $3.00; do., extras,
$3.15 a $3.40; Pennsylvania roller, clear, $4.00 a $4.20;
do., do., straight, $4.25 a $4.40 ; Western winter, clear,
$4.00 a $4.20; do., do., straight, $4.25 a $4.40; do.,
do., patent, $4.45 a $4.65 ; spring, clear, $3.50 a $3.90 ;
do., straight, $4.00 a $4.25 ; do., patent, $4.30 a $4.50 ;
do., favorite brands, higher. City mills, extra, $3.25
a $3.50; do., clear, $4.30 a $4.40: do., straight, $4.40
a $4.50 ; do., patent, $4.60 a $4.75. Rye Flour.—
$2.25 a $2.50 per bbl. as to quality.
Grain. — No. 2 red wheat, 85 a Soic.
No. 2 mixed corn, 29^- a 29}c.
No. 3 white oats, 27 a 2Sc.
Beep Cattle. — Extra, 5i a Sjc; good, 5 a 5Jc.;
medium, 4f a 43c.; common, 4} a 4ic.
Sheep and Lambs. — Extra, 4,J a'4|c.; good, 3f a 4c.;
medium, 3J a 3Jc.; common, 2} a 3c.; lambs, 3} a 5§c.
Hogs. — Western, 5} a 6|c.; State, 5ic.
Foreign. — The number of Queen Victoria's living
descendants is seventy. There are seven living sons
and daughters, thirty-three grandchildren and thirty
great-grandchildren.
A dispatch from London of the 12lh inst. says, " The
suffering severely from a heavy snowtall.
vances of wages, and the greater ease of reaching
home from the workshops.
The exportation of frozen rabbits to London is re-
ducing the numbers noticable in Australia, and prom-
ises to put an end to the plague. About 12,000 rab-
bits a day are shipped from X''ictoria alone.
The Spanish Minister of War. General Azcarraga,
says the Spaniards have captured the last strongholds
of the insurgents at Cavite, Phillippine Islands, and
that it is believed the military authorities will soon
be able to send home the sick and disabled soldiers,
and that no further reinforcements will be required.
Intelligence is received from St. Petersburg that-
on the 13th instant, a terrible railway accident befel
a military train between Rockenhof and Elvira, on
the Valki-Jurjey line. Sixteen cars were smashed.
Two oflBcers and nearly one hundred soldiers were
killed and sixty others seriously injured.
The Greek Government has been notified by the
Powers that the Greek troops may leave the Island
of Crete, and th.at the admirals of the international
fleet will release the steamers which have been seized
during the blockade.
The Greek Premier says the Government is in a
serious predicament. In order to receive mediation
it has compromised itself in the eyes of both Greeks
and Cretans, without obtaining a positive jjuarantee
that Turkey will cease hostilities. Should war be re-
sumed the position of the Government will be most
unenviable.
The Sultan declines to agree to an armistice until
his terms of peace are accepted. He demands the
annexation of Thessaly, and jndenmity of £10,000,000
Turkish and the abolition of the capitulations. If
these conditions are declined the Turkish army will
continue to advance. It is regarded as quite certain
that the Powers will not consent to a retrocession of
Thessaly. Even Germany is believed to be resolute
on this point, because it would involve a violation of
the Berlin Treaty and imperil the peace of the Bal-
kans.
On Third Month 17th the London Daily Telegraph's
special correspondent with the Turkish forces in
Thessaly, telegraphed: "Edhem Pasha has moved
on from point to point, and finally occupied Domokos.
The Greeks have sustained a crushing defeat." The
conditions proposed by the Porte as the terms of peace
with Greece have been freely discussed in the lobbies
of Parliament to-day, and the idea of the retrocession
of Thessaly and of such an indemnity as is already
suggested is ridiculed as impracticable and absurd;'
At the outside an indemnity of £5,000,000 or £6,000-
000 and a slight strategic rectification of frontier are
considered as likely to be the terms finally settled upon.
The Transvaal produced last year 1,340,000 tons of
coal, 2,386,186 ounces of gold, according to the statis-
tics of the Johannesburg Chamber of Mines.
A despatch from Madrid states that Peru and Bo-
livia have submitted their territorial dispute to the
arbitration of Spain.
The provincial elections in Q lebec resulted in the
complete overthrow of the Conservative party.
he proposed duty | frosts and storm. In all the mountain districts of
.\uetria and Germany the damage to fruit trees has
been very great. Yesterday a heavy snowstorm swept
over Hamburg, Cologne and Nancy. Widespread
injury has been done to the vineyards in the districts
of Bordeaux, Angonlenie and Burgundy. In most of
these sections the temperature this season has been
eleven degrees below the average."
Drunkenness has greatly decreased in Liverpool.
In 1889 there were 16,042 cases in which the police
interfered, while in 1895 there were only 5,305.
Among the causes named as helping to bring about
this improvement are the greater difficulty in securing
a license, the participation of the poorer classes in
athletic sports, the greater difficulty of securing ad-
)
NOTICES.
Westtown Boarding School. — For convenience'
of persons coming to Westtown School, the stage willi
meet trains leaving Philadelphia 7.17 and 8.46 A. m;,i|
and 2.53 and 4.32 P. M. Other trains are met whea
requested. Stage fare on regular trips, fifteen cents,
on special trips, twenty-five cents each way. To readu
the school by telegraph, wire West Chester Phone 85.f
Edward G. Smedley, Sup't.
Westtown Boarding School.— Applications for*
the admission of pupils to the school, and letters iUj
regard to instruction, and discipline should be ad-^
■ essed to William F. Wickersham, Principal.
Payments on account of board and tuition, ani
unications in regard to business should be for-i
warded to Edward G. Smedley, Superintendent.
Address, Westtown P. P., Chester Co., Pa.
The Moorestown Peace Association of Friends
will mail free, suitable and interesting literature to all
■ho are interested in the propagation of peace prin-
ples. Alice C. Rhoads, Sec'y.
Moorestown, Burlington Co., N. J.
A YOUNG man who was formerly an assistant teachW)
t Westtown, and who has had other experience ini
teaching, desires a position as teacher in a good school
tutor iu a private family. English and German
preferred. Address " D," Office of The Friend.
Died, on the fourteenth of Second Month, 1897,
near Christiana, Lancaster Co., Pa., Mary EavensoS.
THE FRIEND
A Religious and Literary Journal.
VOL. LXX.
SEVENTH-DAY, FIFTH MONTH '2'.}, 1897.
No. 45.
PUBLISHED WEEKLY.
Price, if paid in advance, $2.00 per annum.
\\Sub8criptionSi payments and bxiMness com7nunicaiion3
t received by
Edwin P. Sellew, Publisher,
No. 207 Walnut Place,
(South from Walnut Street, between Third and Fourth,)
PHILADELPHIA.
Articles designed /or insertion to be addressed to
JOSEPH WALTON,
MooRESTOWN, Burlington C!o., N. J.
Entered as second-class matter at Philadelphia P. O.
Richard Bsterbrook.
{Continued from page .Mij.)
In a loose meraoraudum bearing the date of
B58, 1 find the following lively memorandum :
" Haviog about the time of our last Quarterly
[eetiug, in the Ninth Month, and on an occa-
lOn or two since, been much favored with the
sitation of Divine love in the secret of my soul,
I'ter times of deep trial and conflict, both from
;ithin and without, and witnessing in a re-
iarkable manner the restoring, healing influ-
ice thereof, I feel an inclination to record the
,rae in humble, grateful acknowledgment of
iie Lord's mercy to me, a poor, unworthy crea-
ire, and in the hope I may, when the waves
:'e again permitted to rise high, be enabled
ill to confide in the same Almighty Arm of
iQwer. ' Bless the Lord, oh, my soul, and all
liat is withiu me bless his holy Name.' "
i Another memorandum, says :
j Without date. — "I think it is safe to assert
lat among the members of our Society who
iveone after another abandoned the incidents
'.our profession, there has been a, falling away
■st from the foundation of all spiritual Chris-
anity.
"Gurneyism, I believe, led to Beaconism,
id Beaconism to Episcopalianism. I think
,ost of those called Beaconites joined the
ihurch of England.
"There is no stopping-place, no half-way
)use."
The following letter is calculated to be very
icouraging to the honest-hearted traveller in
le way to Zion, who is encountering some of
le difficulties which pilgrims on that journey
■ times meet with :
" Camden, Fourth Month 4th, 1872.
" My Dear Friend Thomas Conard : —
" I have, within a few days past, had my mind
irned towards thee and thy dear wife in a feel-
g of love and sympathy and affectionate re-
embrance, which is renewed this morning in
:ch a way as seems to call for e.-cpression in a
w lines. I believe it is consistent with the
ather's good pleasure that his dependent chil-
■en should at times salute one another, as fel-
w pilgrims and heirs together of the grace of
ife, and commune by the way as travellers
rough a world in which are found many trials.
conflicts and exercises, both from within and
without.
" You have been brought so forcibly before
me in the feelings of brotherly regard and af-
fectionate sympathy, and iu such a degree that
it has been sweet and refreshing to myself, and
in the sense of it, I have felt breathings to the
God of my life for your comfort, encouragement
and strengthening to hold on your way, in
faith and faithfulness, in simplicity and godly
sincerity, trusting in the Lord.
" It is a day of trial and proving, and of per-
plexity, but, beloved friends, the 'foundation
of God standeth sure.' And I am, I trust, made
thankful this morning, in the renewing sense
that the ancient Arm of strength and the refuge
of the righteous in all ages remaineth. The
name of the Lord is still a strong tower, the
righteous runneth into it and is safe. If it is
at present then, dear Friends, a low season with
you, accept the word of exhortation, ' Be pa-
tient, therefore, unto the coming of the Lord ;'
wait, oh, wait, in humility and lowliness of mind,
upon Him, and He who shall come will come
and will not tarry longer than will be for your
good, and for the trial of your faith, which
exercise is more precious than gold which per-
isheth. There is a state of things existing
and developing itself more and more, that is
permitted perhaps to try the very foundation.
' Yet once more I shake not the earth only, but
also Heaven;" and this word (or declaration)
signifieth the removing of those things that are
shaken as of things that are made; that those
things which cannot be shaken may remain;
that we receiving a kingdom that cannot be
moved may have grace whereby we may serve
God acceptably, with reverence and godly fear.
For our God is a consuming fire.
" There is a place of safety for all of us, and
that is on the watch-tower. Having the eye
and expectation fixed upon the Lord alone.
He who is head over all things to his church
will not fail in the right time to reveal the Arm
of his Power, and enable his trusting children
to adopt the ancient language, 'The Lord is
my light and my salvation, whom shall I fear;
the Lord is the strength of my life, of whom
shall I be afraid.'
"I want you, mj' dear friends, to be encour-
aged, and to lift up your heads in hope, trust-
ing in the Lord. They that trust in the Lord
shall be as Mount Zion, which cannot be re-
moved but abideth forever. As the mountains
are round about Jerusalem, so the Lord is round
about his people from henceforth, even forever.
I would that the experience of the precious
things of the everlasting hills was more sought
after amongst us as a people. Then the Lord
would turn again our captivity; Jacob would
rejoice and Israel would be glad.
" Truly I retain a very grateful and pleasant
recollection of your kindness and hospitality
towards me. In a near sense of love to thyself
and thy dear wife, I am, etc.
" Richard Esterbkook."
" P. S. — Dear friends, I feel now to express
my desire that you may lie strengthened to rise
above all discouragements. The enemy of all
good is a discourager and a betrayer ; these are
his works ; ' Keep the word of patience and of
faith, and ye shall be kept preserved.'"
The following letter to one of his children,
not only manifests parental affection, but gives
some insight into the spiritual exercises of which
he was a large partaker:
"Camden, Fifth Month 31, 1872.
"My Precious Mary Anna: —
" It seems to ine a good while since I wrote or
we heard direct from thee, darling. How is
this. As for me, I have been away two days ;
I left early on Fourth-day morning for Falls-
ington, Bucks County, to attend the Quarterly
Meeting, on Fourth-day the Select Quarterly
Meetings and on Fifth-day the General Quar-
terly Meeting, both which were times of Divine
favor and goodness, in which my soul humbly
rejoices and all within me gives thanks to our
gracious and merciful Saviour. I left home a
sort of spiritual bankrupt, divested of every
resource, and iu a low condition indeed, but
the Lord in his abundant mercy arose for the
help of the poor, and for the crying and sigh-
ing of the needy, and we had a plentiful show-
er of his goodness and mercy — renewing faith
and hope, and engagement of mind to press
forward in the path of life.
" Well, darling, I have often had evidence
of my own nothingness amd weakness, and the
language is still good as a watchword to the
humble careful traveller, 'Serve the Lord with
fear and rejoice with trembling.'
"By a note from dear Frank this afternoon
I learn that you are all well as usual. Let us
hear from thee soon.
" With near and tender love, thy ever affec-
tionate father, in haste,
" R. E;^TERBROOK."
"Dear mother is nicely, has just been here
in the office."
Having loaned to Richard a copy of the
Memoir of Charles G. Finney, he returned it
with a letter dated Third Month llth, 1877, in
which he said:
" In the course of reading it, I was confirmed
in a view I have long entertained that there
are places and services assigned in the univer-
sal church for many besides ourselves, ' Other
sheep have I which are not of this fold, them
also I must bring, that there may be one fold
and one shepherd' in the fulness of time.
"Fully persuaded I am however, that if our
Society should drift into the adoption of such
views of religious truth, and such ideas, and
the practices which are the natural fruit of
them, it would entirely fail to accomplish the
designs for which it was raised up in the be-
ginning, (not for its own sake only) by a mighty
hand and by an outstretched arm."
" Camden, First Month 9th, 1S86.
" We have our low time when perhaps we are
wisely permitted to feel as worms of the dust —
and indeed, what are we — what am I ? All of us
354
THE FRIEND.
have perhaps liidJen and acute causes of dis-
couragement, burdens to carry.
"I think the day hastens when Friends will
not be able to occupy middle ground, and be
half claimed by both sides of any question.
Such a course is very trying and causes great
suffering and loss.
"On Fourth-day last, in the Monthly Meet-
ing, held in New York in joint session, a com-
munication came from the ' Evangelical Com-
mittee' of the Yearly Meeting, that they were
lacking in the needful supply of funds, appeal-
ing for help. William R. Thurston rose and
said, he had no unity whatever with this com-
mittee or its objects. He believed it had been
a great injury throughout their Yearly Meet-
ing, and the additions to the membership that
had resulted from it, were of no value. He re-
marked further that as so much had been said
in relation to our late valued Friend, B. Tat-
ham, that in a conversation with him quite
lately, B. Tatham expressed similar views, and
said that he had never subscribed a dollar to-
wards the work, and never expected to do so.
William added, that he also should pursue the
same course ; and furthermore expressed his
belief that one of the effects of it had been to
lower the standard of Gospel ministry.
" I do not believe that many are at all aware
how devastating these things are, and what
mischief they have wrought in some, begetting,
through Satan's devices, a want of confidence
in anything under our name, and prepares them
to take their flight altogether."
(To be continued )
Refused the Wrong Beggar. — " I never
refuse the plea of a beggar," says a leading
member of Congress. " You must not use my
name and advertise me as a philanthropist, for
I am not. It is simply a matter of necessity
with me. I am obliged to give something to
every beggar or I could not sleep at night. I
made a bad mistake once, and I would rather
give occasionally to the unworthy than to ever
deny assistance to the worthy.
"Once upon a time I was in St. Louis on
business. It was winter, and you know how
cold that town can be when it tries hard. I
was out on the street at eleven o'clock one bit-
ter night when a chap struck nie for a dime.
He was poorly clad, looked hungry and sick,
and I ought to have handed out the money at
once, but I was just brute enough not to do it.
He followed me a hundred feet, begging and
pleading, and I finally threatened to have him
arrested. He turned away with a sob in his
throat, and I went to the hotel.
" There was a big snowstorm that night, and
next morning they found him in a drift, /roze?i
stark and diff. I saw the body and recognized
it. The pale face was pinched and drawn with
hunger and sufliering, and the eyes were wide
open as yours— great big blue eyes, sunken back
in their sockets, and staring at me in an awful
way. Yes, sir, they seemed to be fastened on
me alone, and to follow me as I moved. When
I heard car-drivers, draymen, bootblacks, and
newsboys, saying how gladly they would have
given the poor wretch a quarter to buy lodgings
and food I sneaked away, feeling that I was a
murderer. It hurt me more than I can tell
you. I don't wait now to be asked for alms.
I give to some who are, no doubt, undeserving,
but I take my chances on that. That thing
rests like a murder on my conscience, and noth-
ing like it shall happen again." — St. Paul
Globe.
A Letter from Paris.
Fourth Month 2Glh, 1897.
The lectures have begun again and with them
lovely days. Paris, like her people, is all ex-
tremes; she either laughs or cries. Nothing
could be more lovely than she is now. The
sky is so blue, and the exquisite outlines and
colors of her buildings, standing in such bold
relief against it; then the avenues of green,
with the beautiful river, and the brilliant light
and rapidly moving throngs that crowd her
boulevards; all this forms, especially when seen
from the " imperiale" of the omnibus, a pano-
rama of ever varied and continual delight. To
reach the Sorbonne we take the omnibus line
that passes down the principal avenues and
streets of Paris, past the finest buildings and
through the gayest throngs. We descend as
we cross the bridge just back of Notre Dame,
and take two or three little streets, which have
conserved all the smells of old Paris, but which
bring us, in less than five minutes, in front of
the College de France.
There is an atmosphere about the Latin quar-
ter in Paris that one gets no where else. It
seems as if with each breath one took in some-
thing of the old intellectual life that has cen-
tered here during so many centuries. The very
walls of the old university building seem able
to impart from their store of experiences of the
past. We like to wander aimlessly about in this
quarter, not trying to think or speak, but to
absorb whatever we may. The Pantheon is
only a short distance away, also the old church
building of St. Etienne. Then the palace and
beautiful gardens of the Luxembourg; but best
of all, the bouquinistes! Ah! how we like to
wander up the Seine after " finds." My little
tie old man, whose shops extend at least a half
a square up the river, we found smiling and
fresh as ever, and full of business. I had been
getting homesick for the bouquinistes during
these ten days of no lectures, and had threat-
ened to go down on purpose to get another book
but the rain unfortunately shuts them up ; it
is the sunshine that makes them blossom out,
like it does everything else in Paris.
Well, yesterday we had a great harvest. We
kept walking along, picking up one thing after
another, until finally our arms would take in
no more, and we were forced to cross over the
Seine and take the omnibus at the Place Chat
alet. Anywhere but in Paris we would have
made a sensation, but one can't do anything
strange here. One may be dressed in the last
possibilities of elegance or of rags; one may
do all sorts of strange and unusual things, but
even the street urchin, the "gamin de Paris,"
pays no attention to one. They are all too
self-absorbed, too self-contented, to bother about
anyone. For this reason we wear old clothes
(the tops of the omnibuses are terrible on clothes,
getting up and down), that we brought along
to wear out in the mountains of Switzerland
and feel quite as comfortable and self-respecting
as the Parisians themselves. But the other
day we did a good deal of laughing to think
how we would look in Philadelphia. I had
seven large books and three little ones in my
hands and two stuck in my belt. My friend
had two or three more, and all the wraps, um-
brellas, etc., and with this we tried to get on
an omnibus! I have explained the Paris om-
nibus system — one can get on anywhere if one
can run fast enough and catch on ; but with
both arms full of loose books, that is not easy.
I had just succeeded in reaching the step when
the conductor came back wildly waving, anc
saying " complete," and so I was forced to ig-.
nomiuiously seek the pavement, where my frienc
was laughingly awaiting me. We decided t(
go to the " bureau" and wait there. But ever
once on the platform, the ascent, with boti'
hands full, was not easy. We succeeded, how
ever, in getting our treasures safely home.
28th. — Last evening we had a delightful ride
and spent a most profitable evening. It wai
warm and beautiful, so we took the " imperiale,'
although we were " dressed up," but we hat
both hands free to take care of our skirts. Wi
had been invited to spend the evening witl
a very remarkable woman ; a friend of M's wa
to meet us at the end of the omnibus line ti
conduct us to her rooms. Oh, it was lovel]
going down town in the evening, through tht
brilliantly-lighted streets. We passed the Made
leine, and crossed the Place de la Concorde
getting a lovely view over the beautiful Champ;
Elysees; but it was the Seine, with its innu
merable lights reflected in the water, that wai
most charming.
After descending from the omnibus we had
a short walk to the house, upon the fifth flooi
of which the person lived to whom we wen
going. The old Paris houses are so singular
one enters a corridor, as in a German house, bu
unlike the latter, the kitchen " la cuisine" ii
the first room one comes to, and being a small
dark hole, the door is mostly open, so that ont^
gets the odors without going in search of them
After passing this, we started to go up a wind
ing staircase. With characteristic French econ
omy, no space is wasted on entry-ways, and I
have already told you of the possibilities o:
French walls for enclosing mysteries. AVhei
one begins to go up one begins to count, and
if one forgets in the midst of it, the result ii
apt to be that one stops at the wrong apartment
or keeps on up to the top, and then has to sub
tract coming down.
The person upon whom we were going t(
call is a writer and public lecturer upon tht
woman question. We found her charmingly
simple and frank. It was quite a new expes
rience here, for there seems to be comparativeljt
few women who interest themselves in any o
the great questions of the day. She spoke witl)
enthusiasm of the possibilities of women ii
America, and of the work they had done
are doing. She dwelt also upon the profouncj
and searching mind of the Germans, but see
to have absolutely no hope for her own countryj
She smiled sadly and in a resigned way as shi
said, " No, our work is done, we have misset
our inheritance. The Latin race has had iti
day and will fade away." She related in f
most interesting manner her early life, whi
was passed in the country. She said that thougit
she was born a Protestant, her father had "
educated for a priest in a Jesuit College, aD«
that the horror of it stayed with him all hii
life. She herself was sent to Switzerland to Im
educated. She confirmed what I have hearft
rumored already several times, that the pn
government is far from being firmly establisheci
in France. There are those who want the mop
archy reestablished, others the empire, anc
scores of others with wild, unformed ideas ol
socialism and democracy. But they are al
smouldering fires. On the surface the joyous^
careless life goes on, because the French natioi
turns its back upon all unpleasant problei
I notice that in all classes, and in relation U
the smallest details of life, the reluctance U
look at the dark side of things. Of course ii
Irifth Mo. 29, 1897
THE FRIEND.
355
aany of its developments that is an excellent
rait, but it seems to me that the French, drunken
vith their love of beauty and harmony, in try-
ng to shut out all deformity and discord, have
nissed entirely the whole secret of attaining to
he real beauty and the real harmony in their
ives. One cannot help saying over and over.
What an endowed nation ! What clearness
f intellect, what depth of penetration !" and
et it is as if one were pursuing something con-
tantly fleeing from before one, — the soul eludes
ne's grasp. She explained to us that it was
uite impossible to reach the women of France
0 long as the Catholic church has the hold it
as. She said, " We French are from tempera-
lent very religious, but when we lose it, then
'■6 go to the other extreme. It is the women
^hn are under the power of the priests, and the
jen to keep the peace tolerate their interfer-
ice, though as a rule they have ceased to be-
eve in the church.
But I am undertaking too much, to try to
ive a resume even of what she said, and as for
ersonal observation, it is of course limited and
f little value. But with all the gayety and
jrilliancy, one cannot help feeling that after
■1, there is a deep undercurrent in the charac-
;r of the French nation, the very opposite of that
16 sees on the surface. France may not yet
ive drunk the cup of her adversity to the
Tegs, she may have revolution on revolution
iefore her ; she may be rent and torn by forces
lorking within herself, but I cannot think that
le is utterly doomed.
; I find I want more and more to come closely
1 contact with the peasant life in some of the
fferent provinces of France. It seems to me
at there lie hidden the latent forces that are
^ing to redeem the land. E. S. K.
For "The Fbiend."
Believing that a few extracts from the report
■ the Book Committee, to the fleeting for Suf-
,rings would be of interest to many readers of
HE Feiend, together with some extracts of a
itter since received, I submit the following for
jiblication. ' Joseph Hall.
"A considerable number of our publications
ive been placed in the libraries of educational
stitutions, or reading rooms ; 465 volumes have
'en granted for this purpose to be sent to dif-
rent parts of Pennsylvania, Delaware, Tennes-
ie, Kansas and California, and 309 volumes
id 830 pamphlets have been forwarded to
ichmond, Indiana, for Libraries of Monthly
eetings, and for distribution; 168 volumes
ive been sent to Atlantic City; 52 volumes,
ostly copies of Barclay's Apology, have been
jven to ministers of different denominations.
"A number of volumes have been granted
')on application forindividuals and distribution
: West Virginia, Florida, Ohio, Iowa, South
akota and other parts of the United States,
:id in Mexico, Nova Scotia and Australia.
"In the course of the distribution of the Ap-
jal in reference to War, requests were made
i' a number of persons who had received this
j.mphlet, for further information respecting the
linciples held by our religious Society. Alany
I these resided in neighborhoods remote from
--iends, and the opening thus presented for
••culating our approved writings has been felt
' be a favorable one ; and has been freely
Hponded to.
"It has been encouraging to believe from
•ese and other inquiries that have been re-
vived that there are not a few individuals in
different localities, who arc de.^irous of knowing
more of the spirituality of religion ; and we
trust the dissemination of our approved writings
among such may be the means of exerting a
salutary influence upon the community in which
they live.
" Some interesting information has lately been
received from a young woman, who has placed
some of our books in the hands of the inmates
of a prison in Sante F6, New Mexico. She
writes, ' I never saw Friends' books so much
valued before as they are by these men.' One
young man said he wrote ten pages of passages
from the ' Life and Writings of William I'enn,'
to send to his brother in South America; an-
other was writing some of it for a young man
who was pardoned about three months ago.
More than twenty men have read 'Dymond's
Essays,' and the Superintendent of the prison
has remarked upon the good effect which it and
other books had had upon the convicts, and said
he wished he had a copy of ' Dymond's Essays'
in each cell."
Extract of Letter.
Vernon, New Jersey,
Fourth Mo. 13th, 1897.
"An Appeal to Professing Christians, etc., in
Regard to War," is received. It did me good.
I saw in it the true unadulterated Christ Life.
That was the pleasure I received in reading it.
I am glad there are Christians who can preach
and uphold the very principles of the Teacher
sent from God. I am trying to live those prin-
ciples, and have endeavored to preach them,
your tract gave me new light. I argued with my
boy, that I would not fight for my country, if
I knew it was in the right, but I was willing to
send him to a military school. Now I cannot,
because of the new light your tract gave. Preach
the Christ Life in your society ; but I know you
will find few who will follow your teachings.
The tendency of the times is to make religion,
(which is the opposite of this world and human
nature), popular. It is destroying the power of
[he church in the world. I have been a preach-
er and stood by the Christ, until I was slan-
dered and dropped by the denomination I served.
I am now teaching school, but still seeking to
know and practice and preach the Christ Life.
I will be glad to distribute some of your tracts.
Yours in Christ, for his pure religion in the
world.
Francis S. Willistox.
How He Got His Buggy. — " Life is short ;
time is money, and speech should be to the point.
Circumlocution is the thief of time, and often
takes away opportunities and repels effort. An
eminent pastor lately gave his experience in
dealing with this mental defect in a sincere but
wordy missionary, who had asked permission to
make a personal appeal for help to his congre-
gation. In a roundabout way the good man re-
ferred to his need of an ' aid to locomotion,' and
the fatigues attending ' pedestrianism.' Finally
the pastor, knowing that the matter-of-fact, di-
rect way of appealing to his people would be
the most effective, said, somewhat bluntly: ' Our
friend wants a buggy ; give him one.' The mis-
sionary got his buggy. He also got a lesson in
direct speech."
Who knows but some long, windy, wordy
prayers might be similarly shortened, and bring
greater results? Most of the prayers recorded
in the Bible were short ones ; and a short prayer
will often reach farther than a long one. — Tin
Christian.
Concord Quarterly Meeting.
This gathering of the people occurre<] this
year on the tenth and eleventh of Fifth Month,
at Concord, where it is now held in each Fifth
Month. Tiie other three meetings are held at
Media. The country wa.s looking very beauti-
ful ; vegetation had come forward very rapidly
within a week or two — the young leaves on the
trees, the grain fields, the luxuriant growth of
the clover, and the patches of bright yellow
flowersjof the Winter Cress (Barbarct vulgaris'),
and the Buttercup (Ranunculu.i bulbonw) ; and
the bright white blossoms of the Dogwood
{Cornm ftorida), and of the Black Haw iVi-
burnum prunifjlium), a.\\ combined to make the
ride in the cars from Philadelphia a pleasing
experience.
The railroad station at Concord is situated in
a valley alongside of Chester Creek, but the
meeting house is reached by a climb up a high
hill of half a mile or more in extent, from which
a fine view is attainable over a fertile country,
well cultivated.
In the meeting of ministers and elders held on
Second-day (Fifch Mouth 10th), one of the most
interesting items of business was brought up by
a minute from one of the Monthly Meetings of
the Quarter, expressing its belief that a gift in
the Gospel ministry had been conferred on one
of their members. After a time of deliberation,
an unusual amount of unity was expressed with
this judgment, and the clerk was directed to
notify the Monthly Meeting of the decision in
the case.
Philadelphia Yearly Meeting has lost many
of its valuable members by death of latter time,
and it was comforting to believe that the Lord's
mercy is still extended to it in preparing and
qualifying others, who may take the places of
these deceased worthies as faithful advocates of
the Lord's cause.
The general Quarterly Meeting on Third-day
was a sitting in which much religious exercise
was felt. The young people were advised that
there was a wide field for service open before
them in promoting the welfare of mankind, if
they would submit to the preparing hand of the
Lord and obey his calls to service. It is a source
of much weakness in the Church that so many
of its members choose for themselves the kind
of labor in which they will engage, and are not
careful to wait upon the Lord for counsel and
direction, and for the ability which He gives
his obedient children. They are forgetful of the
truth, that " except the Lord build the city, they
labor in vain that build it;" and do not fully
appreciate that every good thing must come
from our Father in Heaven, "from Him is all
that can ennoble life, the high endeavor and
the glad success, the strength to suffer and the
will to serve."
As I returned to Philadelphia in the after-
noon a fellow-passenger, a member cf Concord
Quarterly Meeting, entered into conversation.
He said he had latterly been travelling some-
what beyond the limits of our own Yearly
Meeting, and the evidences he met with of de-
parture from the principles of Friends had
brought him more fully than had formerly been
the ease, into sympathy with the concern of our
leading members to keep the flock from stray-
ing. He had seen the reality of dangers which
formerly he had not appreciated.
In the second meeting a concern of Esther
Fowler to pay a religious visit in some parts of
the west for which she had been liberated by
Birmingham Monthly Meeting was united with,
356
THE FRIEND.
and the way opened for the performance of the
service. She is in very feeble health, but it
seems to be her experience, that according to
her faith she is helped to perform what to the
eye of reason would seem impracticable.
As I walked to the meeting house from the home
of the hospitable Friend who entertained us, I
was reminded of attending Concord Quarterly
Meeting about fifty years before, when it was a
season of Divine favor and much tenderness of
feeling under the lively ministry of David Cope,
80 that I remarked at the time that it would be
worth walking twenty-five miles from Philadel-
phia to Concord, to enjoy such a season of favor.
I mentioned my cogitations to a Friend by my
side. When the meeting was over, he inquired
how this meeting compared with that of fifty
years ago. There did not seem to me to be so
large a measure of tenderness, but an increased
degree of religious exercise under the various
matters that come before the meeting, so that it
was probably ecjually profitable, or more so.
On the lawn of our kind host, was a beautiful
specimen of the Exochorda, a Chinese shrub of
the rose family. It was abundantly clothed
with white flowers. The genus has but a single
species — the E. grandiflora.
Scattered through the grass were numerous
specimens of the Viola strita,\s\-i\ch in my early
botanical days I knew as V. oehrokuca. The
flowers are white and of rather large size. It
was marked as rare in Dr. Darlington's i^/orwia
Cestrica, and as it was not common in the im-
mediate vicinity of Westtown School, it had an
especial attraction for me, which si ill adheres
to it. J. W.
An Old Love Letter.
North Pkovidexce, First Mo. 22nd, 17S0.
Host affectionately beloved: — After reading
over several memorandums of the exercises my
poor soul has passed through, in my pilgrimage
through this vale of tears, my heart salutes thee
in a fresh spring of that love which I feel in-
creasing, and hope may never wax cold towards
thee. And having felt thee abundantly near
this evening, I am free to write what revives
for thy perusal, hoping it may be useful to-
wards our rightly stepping along through time
together. And first dearly beloved, let me tell
thee, that however short I may be of strict ad-
herence to the light of life, yet it is my crown,
my chiefest joy, to feel the holy, harmonious
influences aud inshinings of the love of Jesus
ray Saviour, upon my soul ; and I feel that with-
out this I must be miserable indeed. I also be-
lieve, that the true enjoyment of the marriage-
union consists eminently in both being engaged
to draw near to the Lord, and act in "his coun-
sel ; which I not only wish, but in a good de-
gree expect, may be our happy case. If it
should, though we have as it were a dry morsel
to partake, of, as to the things of this life, yet
we may joy in the Lord, and rejoice in the God
of our salvation. Thou knowest I have no great
things to invite thee to. If we are joined to-
gether, (the which I trust we already measura-
bly are,) we must not expect the paths of afllu-
ence ; no, no.
" This day be bread and peace rmr lot,
All else beneath the siin,
Thou knowest if best bestowed or not
And let Thy will be done."
This, my dear, our minds must come to, if we
intend to be happy ; yet this I know, that One
who cannot lie, has promised to add all things
necessary to those who seek first the kingdom
of heaven, and in this I confide. Let us, there-
fore, unite in seeking tnis heavenly kingdom,
and that in the first place. And may we, the
remainder of our lives, earnestly press after re-
signation to the Lord's will; and, above all
things, strive to please Him who only can give
peace in whatever circumstances we may be.
Then, I trust, the guardian angel of his holy
presence will encamp around, and his everlast-
ing arras be underneath to support us. Fare-
well, my dear, farewell, says thy sure friend,
Job Scott.
SUPPOSE.
Suppose, luy little lady,
Your doll should break her head.
Could you make it whole by crying
Till your eyes and nose were red ?
And wouldn't it be pleasanter
To treat it as a joke.
And say you're glad 'twas Dolly's,
And not your head that broke?
Suppose you're dressed for walking.
And the rain comes pouring down.
Will it clear off any sooner
Because you scold and frown ?
And wouldn't it be nicer
For you to smile than pout.
And so make sunshine in the house
When there is none without?
Suppose your task, my little man,
Is very hard to get.
Will it make it any easier
For you to sit and fret ?
And wouldn't it be wiser.
Than whining like a dunce,
To go to work in earnest,
And learn the thing at once?
Suppose that some boys have a horse,
And some a coach and pair.
Will it tire you less while walking,
To say, '' It isn't fair?"
And wouldn't it be nobler
To keep your temper sweet.
And in your heart be thankful
You can walk upon your feet?
Suppose the world doesn't please you.
Nor the way some people do.
Do you think the whole creation
Will be altered just for you ?
And isn't it, my boy or girl.
The wisest, bravest plan,
Whatever comes, or doesn't come.
To do the best you can?
— Exchange
Selected.
'' I do not like to hear him pray.
On bended knee about an hour,
For grace to spend aright each day,
W^ho knows his neighbor has no flour.
" I'd rather see him go to mill.
And buy his luckless neighbor bread.
And see his children eat their fill,
And laugh beneath their humble shed.
" I do not like to hear him pray,
' Let blessings on the widow be,'
Who never seeks her home to say,
' If want o'ertakes you, come to me.'
" I hate the prayer so loud and long
That's uttered for the orphans' weal
By him who sees them crushed by wrong,
And only with the lips can feel.
I do not like to hear her pray
With jeweled ears and silken dress.
Whose washerwoman toils all day.
And then is asked to work for less.
"I do not like such soulless prayers;
If wrong, I hope to be forgiven.
No angel-wing them upward bears;
They're lost a million miles from heaven."
For " THK Friend,"
The Caged Lion.
On a recent visit to the Zoological Garden;
for the first time, my attention was drawn im
pressively to a lioness that was walking bad
and forth incessantly from one side of its cag(
to the other, looking between the iron bars, ap
parently very uneasy with her confinement, an(
seeming not satisfied with looking in vain, once
twice or thrice, for a place of escape, but keep
ing up a continuous watch for some openiu}
through which she might regain her libert'
and exercise her vicious propensities.
I felt a degree of pity for the brute, and a
the same time, I knew that the safety of mysel
and others would be jeopardized should she fim
a way of escape.
It seemed to me as though there might b
some profitable reflections drawn from the ani
mal and her movements, but I could not thei
see what there was of instruction to be gainec
from a caged lioness, and so passed, on am
presently came to the cage of a lion ; he was :
noble specimen of the king of beasts. He ap
peared to be enjoying a quiet nap, apparent!;
oblivious to his surroundings, appearing as un
concerned as though the liberty of the fores
was his ; he, too, excited in me a feeling o
more than mere curiosity. What! is he satis
fied with his surroundings? Don't he care fo
liberty ? Are his vicious propensities subdued
Ah ! he is only napping ; well it is for me an(
others the iron bars are between him and us
Those caged lions came before my mind at time
for several days, without my knowing why i
should be so, until one morning lately, as I wa
engaged in some bodily employment, it pre
sented to my mind, those lions represent th
evil propensities of our nature. How like th
lioness some of them are ; even when we hav
them under control, ever on the alert, seekioj
after some weak place or opening in the iroi
grating. How important it is that we be oi
the watch, that there be no avenue for thei
escape, for though they may seem to be in sora
measure tamed and in subjection, yet all the;
want is liberty, and the untamed nature, th
unsanctified will, will be as dangerous as ever.
The old lion seems quiet for the time bein^
yet his vicious nature is there. So it is witi
some of the strongest and most dangerous o
the evil propensities of our nature; we ma;
think they are subdued when, like the lion, the;
may only be napping, and when we are ofFou
guard, or something crosses our pathway tha
arouses the old nature in us, the strength of th
lion may be suddenly aroused, and happy wil
it then be for us if the iron bars are intact, s-
as to restrain the corrupt will, that would rem
and devour had it full liberty.
O, the mischief that has been done in th
world, and in the church, by seemingly gooi
men aud women, who really themselves though
the old lion in them was subdtied, when he wa
only napping, and being thus deceived, the;
would neglect to watch the iron bars, that the;
were all safe and in their place, and so whei
something occurred that waked up the lion, th
strong man in them, how has he broken looS'
from his confinement, and gone forth, " Divid
ing in Jacob, and scattering in Israel." So, dea
friends, of every name and class, let us be eve
on our guard, and see to it, though the lioi
seem ever so quiet for the time being, that w
keep him caged in, by the love of God; tha
the iron bars, " love, joy, peace, long-sufl^erin"
gentleness, goodness, faith, meekness, temper
ance," (which are all forged and properly tern
Fifth Mo. 29, 1897
THE FRIEND.
!pereil in the workshop of the Spirit), are all in
their allotted places ; for if one of these be lack-
ing, we may rest assured there is a weakness
with some of the others.
Those " caged lions" that have led the writer
to these reflections, must eventually, according
to the course of nature, or from their confine-
ment ])erhaps, die, without an effectual change
being so wrought in their natures as to make
then] safe companions for man; in this they
differ from the animal propensities of our na-
ture, for the prophet Isaiah tells of a day where-
in all our animal propensities may be so changed
that all will make one harmonious whole, see
(saiah, chapter si.: " The wolf also shall dwell
with the lamb" (how opposite their natures),
'and the leopard shall lie down with the kid,
md the calf and the young lion, and the fat-
ling together, and a little child" (the Babe of
Bethlehem) "shall lead them." "They shall
not hurt nor destroy in all the Lord's holy
(Dountain ; for the earth shall be full of the
knowledge of the Lord as the waters cover the
;;ea. And in that day there shall be a root of
'Jesse, which shall stand for an ensign of the
people, to it shall the Gentiles seek, and his
"est shall be glorious." Yea, glorious. What
;reat encouragement there is for us in this to
ivatch, that our lions be kept securely caged
^whether they seem to be on the alert like the
Honess at the Zoological Gardens, or like the
bid liou, apparently sleeping), until all within
;js is so brought under the transforming power
i)f the Lord's blessed Spirit, the Spirit of the
[jospel of the dear Sou and Stnt of God, that
■)ur very natures become changed.
' The wolf or the leopard or the lion will no
■onger seek to escape from the place assigned
'.hem, for all shall be led and kept in their
)roper place by the "little child," the Babe
fmmortal, seen in prophetic vision by Isaiah.
'Verily their remains to be a rest for the peo-
)le of God." "All thy works shall praise thee,
) Lord, and thy saints shall bless the." Psalms
:lv:l(). T. H. W.
I God's Grapevines. — The grapevine that is
growing under my window this morning sug-
;ests to me a talk about the organic union be-
iween Jesus Christ and all healthy Christians.
I am the vine, and ye are the branches." The
vord vine here includes both the stock and the
)rauches, because the vital sap that flows out
'0 the furthest tendril is drawn from the central
runk. Saving faith is the process of being
mited to Christ by a heart union ; and obedi-
ence to Christ is the evidence that the union is
;enuine and strong.
There is such a thing as being tied to Jesus
/hrist, by an act of external profession, without
leing ingrafted in him. A little twig may be
hrust into the incision in a tree, and tied fast
here, and yet no incorporation follow. Spring
nay come singing and opening all the buds on
be tree; summer may shed its sunshine, and
autumn may shake down baskets of ripe fruit,
>ut that poor ill-joined branch yields neither
'ud nor flower nor fruitage. Held on by dead
lay or rotting cord it is only a withered and
insightly thing. Such is every false profe.ssor ;
IB or she has no heart-union with the Saviour,
nd it is a very rare thing for such a self-satis-
ed formalist to be truly converted afterward,
^hat is a very sharp and startling word which
>hrist spoke when he said that the sapless,
ruitless withered stick should be " cast into the
re;" if not a true branch, then a burning! —
"heodore L. Ciiyler in The Independent.
Reminiscences.
JIany years ago a Friend and his wife, resid-
ing in a sparsely settled district of country in
the State of Iowa, having occasion to go to
the village of Anamosa to trade, were making
the trip in their one horse market wagon, con-
taining such produce as their farm furnished.
They necessarily passed through an unimjjort-
ant village, situated in the edge of the lindier
skirting the Wapsipinicon River, where lived
a man known to the writer as a cooper by trade,
and who was commonly called " Peg Leg," be-
cause of the lo.ss of one foot nearly to the knee.
As a substitute for the lost limb he wore, strapped
firmly round the joint, a short crutch or peg —
Hence the name of Peg Leg.
When we were just passing out of this village,
said cooper with a strange man with him in a
one-horse buggy drove up and hurriedly passed
us. When we had done our trading and were
en route for home and less than one mile out of
town, we were overtaken by the same parties
with a comrade of theirs seated on a temporary
seat in the front of the bos. They drove furi-
ously by, giving us reason to think that they
were influenced by liquor, for though they made
great haste, their headway was not so much,
because of their frequent halting and chastising
their ))Oor dumb brute. Finally their halt was
so protracted that we passed them by, and it
was not difficult to discover that this prolonged
detention was caused by the one that occupied
the temporary seat losing his balance and tumb-
ling helplessly to the ground, and the others
were endeavoring, but in vain, to restore him
to his former position in the buggy. I say in
vain, for ere long the two drove up, giving cause
to think that they had left their friend in the
gutter. When they came up with us they que-
ried in an e.xcited tone if we had picked up any
papers or money since leaving town. My an-
swer was no. They drove furiously on, and
while yet in sight turned round and met us on
the identical spot where we first saw them in the
morning, passing us by as if unnoticed, but very
quick wheeled about and came alongside of us
so close as to almost cause the wheels to clash.
The one next to us having the lines in hand,
the other. Peg Leg, levelled his double-bar-
relled fowling piece at my breast, declaring with
many vile oaths that he believed that I had his
papers and money. I reassured him that I had
not; neither do I think that he had lost any,
and, said he, " I am going to shoot your heart
out." I saw him set the triggers, heard the
click it made, and again saw his finger extended
hand along the guard to touch them. Nothing
but the outstretched arm of Omnipotence re-
strained that inebriate wretch from hurling into
eternity one, alas! too like himself, unprepared
to meet his God.
The mother of ray children sat dignified and
composed by my side, hugging her infant to her
bosom. Our eldest boy of seven years, shocked
at what he saw and heard, crouched between us
for safety. The moment the ruffian pointed his
gun in an opposite direction, my horse received
a sharp stroke from the lash of my whip and
started off at good speed, but ere many strides
were made two loud reports greeted our sensi-
tive ears. Looking back we could see two sep-
arate volleys of smoke that had issued from the
deadly weapon. We subsequently learned that
the less infuriated man had wrenched the gun
from the grasp of his companion and discharged
it so that it might not do harm. I may confess
that at that time ray legal knowledge of the
responsihility that I would incur by omitting to
act as plaintitl' in such a case had no bearing
with me whatever, for I knew not the statute.
But my thought was that it would be right for
me to call immediately on the justice of the
peace of the place and order an arrest. But
when this was mentioned to my wife she was
averse to it, thinking that it would probably
result in putting one or both of these unfortunate
fellow-beings in prison for a term of years, but
both she and I came to realize that confine-
ment would without doubt have been be.st for
them, as their future history will amply prove.
It has already been mentioned that Peg I^g,
or George Voman, his proper nan)e, lived i'n
the village of Fairview, on the street of which
this tragedy was committed. The three com-
rades were reunited ere the night .set in and the
transient parties were the guests of George Vo-
man. The foregoing having happened on the
Seventh-day of the week, their tarriance con-
tinued until the first of the following week and
so did their rioting and revelling; and their
conduct on the First or Sabbath-day was so of-
fensive that the citizens of the place preferred
a charge against them on Second-day morning
for breach of the peace and abuse of'the dumb
brute.
A personal friend of mine that lived in the
suburbs of the village, having learned some-
thing of what had happened to me, came out to
my place on Second-day morning, desiring that
I would attend court that afternoon, stating
that the coramunity was much excited. I con-
sented. My appearance at court was evidently
very exciting to the culprits. The trial was long
and tedious, at the conclusion of which the jus-
tice directed the sheriff to hold the jjarties in
custody until the following morning, for he did
not feel capable of giving a verdict that even-
ing. They begged the pardon of the people,
averring that it was a strange and new thing
for them to get into such a scrape, which might
have been true only because they had not been
held up as examples, for their bleared eyes and
pug-noses were too sure witnesses to lie mis-
understood. On meeting them at the conclu-
sion of the court, my remarks reminded them of
their recent conduct toward me. To which
they at once acknowledged, but begged me by
their ifaker not to appear against them.
The following morning my wife and I, with our
little boy that had been with us in our perilous
situation, repaired to the office of the justice of
the peace. The culprits met us at the tlireshold,
and began their pleadings for mercy, the wife
of the assassin joining hira, and his accomplice
said that the aged mother of her husband wished
to see me before I proceeded against her son,
and that she was in yonder cabin, not able to
come to me; would I not bear thera company to
her? " Yes," said I, inviting ray wife to walk
along, hut she being feeble declined. They and
I set off, escorted by a numerous crowd of eager
lookers on, each embracing an opportunity to
speak their mind to me. Some would say, " Crack
them through ; give them the full lash of the
law." Others would say, " Oh, you won't put
them in prison, will you ?"
On reaching the cabin I was introduced to
the aged mother, who at once began her plead-
ings for her guilty son, with all the tenderness
that she was capable of, assuring me that he
was her sole dependence for maintenance, and
if I put the law in force against him it would
place him in prison for a series of years, and
she knew not what would become of "her. The
words that were given me to speak were not my
358
THE FRIEND.
Fifth Mo. 29, 1897 '
own, were only lent me for that occasion, there-
fore will not' attempt to repeat them. The
cruilty son acknowledged with tears trickling
down his cheeks the vileness of his conduct, as-^
suring me, and not me only, but a multitude of
listeners that, God helping, he would never do
the like again ; and as a safeguard thereto he
would never drink another dram. My feelings
I will not attempt to describe, because they
were utterly indescribable, but may venture to
say that my heart so overflowed with the love
of God for us all as sinners that my feelings
were to forgive them, that I also might be for-
o-iven. Thus we parted ; they loading me with
blessings that were meet only to be bestowed on
a trulv seraphic object.
Such a court has perhaps never been held on
the soil of the Hawkeye State. Such a scene
has seldom been witnessed by human eyes, and
so far as I now know, I am the only one living
that passed through it all ; my son that was the
little boy mentioned is still here, and will testify
to what he saw and remembers. But, gentle
reader, my storv is scarcely half told, therefore
bear with me a little longer, whilst I remind
you of the utter inability of man unaided by
superior Power Divine to keep even a good
promise, as thou may see by perusing this nar-
rative. Not many weeks after this, my wife
and I had occasion to travel over to the same
village to trade, and in our homeward route
entered the street of the lesser village. Just
at the edge of dark, when upon the identical
spot where the foregoing had happened, a little
brother and sister, ranging from seven to nine
years, stepped out of the bushes into the street,
desiring me to stop, which being done they
proceeded with sobs and tears, "Please, sir,
oome and help us; we live in yonder cabin.
Our father is dead. This afternoon mother went
out to attend to some business, leaving us to
keep house, and we are expecting her to come
home every minute. But a little while ago a
drunken man came and drove us away from
our home, and if mother comes we don't know
what she will do. Won't you, sir, please come
and get him away ?"' " Yes," said I, heading my
team up to a post near the door of a house in
which there were three or more females. I in-
vited my wife to go in and sit until my return,
but she chose to sit in the carriage. But one
of the women at the door said, "Sir, you won't
go there alone, will you ?" " Yes," was my re-
ply, " but you must go uptown and get some of
the men to help you. It is Peg Leg, and he is
a wicked wretch and may hurt you." " But,"
said I, " I am not afraid of him," and my wife
making no objections, I took the path leading
toward the infested cabin, but ere I reached the
threshold the oliject of my pursuit was found
crouched down about his haunches with a blan-
ket cast about him. "Ah, George," said I,
'•what is the matter? What is tliee doing
here?" " I am sick," was the reply. I tlien laid
my hand on his head, with a "Come, get up,
here, let's see," and he made an effort, the
fumes of his person plainly told the cause of his
debility, whereupon I exclaimed to George,
" Thee' is drunk; wliat shall I think of thee?
Don't thee remember promising me a few weeks
since that thee would never drink any more
whiskey, and now here thee is drunk." He be-
gan to realize, saying, " Is it you?" " Yes, it's
Dewees," said I. " Oh," quoth he, " for God's
sake help me up, and help me on my horse, and
I'll go home and behave myself like a gentle-
man." I stopped to fetch tlie horse, but ere I
got it in place the inebriate had lost his balance
and tumbled over. I held the bridle with one
hand, helped him up with the other, and suc-
ceeded in getting him astride of bare bones, and
he rode off and I never saw him more. But
subsequently learned that he left Fairview and
returned to Mechanicsville, from whence he had
come to Fairview, and his comrades that have
been mentioned were at home at Mechanics-
ville ; one was his uncle.
A period of several years elapsed, in which I
knew nothing of my strange acquaintances ;
finally a distant neighbor of mine had occasion
to pass through the village of Mechanicsville,
and on his homeward route called on me, and
in the way of chat told me that at that place
there was great excitement because the night
before a fellow called Peg Leg had stolen a
horse and got off with it.
Another period of time elapsed when it fell^
out that wife and I were travelling by way of
Mechanicsville, and called at a farm house not
far distant to bait our team, etc., our host and
hostess informed us that they were the first set-
tlers of the country and had lived in that place
ever since. It occurred to me that perhaps they
had known something of those desperate men.
I remembered all their names, as I do yet. On
inquiry, they knew them all for many years,
and told me that one had died in a fit of drunk-
enness, and at that time one was still there, a
base sot, and George Voman or Peg Leg had
stolen a horse at that time, and the Vigilance
Committee, a band of outlaws, went after him
and he had never been seen or heard of since.
"The way of the transgressor is hard." My
thought is that when I found him on the way
to the cabin I should have arrested him — what
think ye, gentle reader? Let the answer I
" The tender mercies of the wicked are cruel.'
These things have many times claimed my
consideration, attended with feelings of regret
at my lack of considering the providence that
there must have been in the circumstance of
directing those children to me for aid, seeing
that we knew not each other at all, had never
seen each other before, and have not seen or
heard of each other since. How can I view
other than a providence of God to lead me t(
knowledge of the evil course of that inebriate
wretch that I might call for justice, and extend
the protective arm of the law over hira, by
placing him in prison, so that he might not
have stolen a horse and come to a violent death
But I trust that God beareth me witness that
ray error was on the side of mercy, as I then
felt toward my erring brother.
W. S. Dewees.
and after the consecration of the wafer which
she had brought with her, she solemnly de-
manded of the priest, whether it was really con-
verted into the body of Christ? To which ques-
tion he, without hesitation replied, that there mim
a conversion made of the ivhole substance of the
bread into the body of Christ ; and that there
mained no more of its former substance, " If this
be really the case," said she, " you may eat the
wafer without danger ; but as for myself, I should
be afraid to touch it, as it is mixed with arsenic."
The priest was thunderstruck by a discovery so
unexpected, and was too wise to hazard his life
upon a doctrine for which he had however con-
tended with all the earnestness of perfect assur-
ance. The woman's husband was so struck by
this practical confutation of a doctrine which
he had before implicitly believed, that he never
afterwards appeared at mass. — Selected.
A Priest Trapped by a Woman.— A Ro-
man Catholic in England, being about to marry
a Protestant woman, it was mutually agreed
that there should be no contest on the subject
of religion. For some time after their union
this agreement was scrupulously observed, but
in process of time, the priest who paid them
frequent visits, expecting an easy prey, began
to talk about the peculiarities of his religion.
He particularly insisted on the doctrine of tran-
substantiation, and grew troublesome by his im-
portunity. The woman thought herself how to
get rid of him ; and one day seeming to be over-
come by his arguments, she agreed to attend the
mass with her husband the following First-day,
provided she might be allowed to prepare the
wafer herself The priest not suspecting any-
thing, and glad on any terms to secure such a
convert, gave his consent. The woman accord-
ingly appeared at the chapel with her husband,
Bahama Islands. — About the Bahama Isl-
ands are thousands of persons employed in col-
lecting sponges, which in shallow water are
harpooned, a special kind of harpoon being
made, in the shape of a five-pronged fork with
a long wooden handle. At the Bahamas the
water is so clear that, with a machine equi
lent to a bucket with a plate of glass at one
end, the bottom of the sea can be clearly s
at a depth of one hundred and fifty feet This
is the old Greek system, but it is used in the -
Bahamas, and over five thousand men and boys
are said to be steadily employed at the business.
The diving method is employed where the |
sponges are more than twenty-five fathoms down.
The diver stays under two or three minutes.
At still greater depths they dredge with a net.
The sponge area within reach of the Key West
fishermen covers no less than three thousand \
five hundred square miles. Every day many
schooners, each having a crew of five or sis men,
and equipped with two dingeys, sail to the reef,
where one man keeps the ship while two go out
in each dingey after sponge ; one sculls and the
other searches the bottom with a sponge glass.
The sponge is hooked up with a long pole and
spread on deck, where the gelatinous matter de-
cays. When they have a sufficient cargo they
land, and fasten the sponge in crates or crawls,
the tide ebbing and flowing through them. This
cleansing process requires about one week. Be- ;
fore being crawed they are black in color and
emit a foul odor. When clean they are bleached. '
I visited the largest sponge establishment in the
city. The Florida sponges are famous through-
out the world, probably only the Mediterranean
can compare with them. Some are several feet \
in circumference, and so soft that they are i
spoken of as Florida sheep wool. — Christian
Advocate.
A Glass of Beer.^" Would you not like a
glass of beer ?" said some one to C. Spurgeon,
when he returned, much fatigued, to the hotel
where he was staying.
" Yes," was the answer ; " but some poor beg-
gar to whom drink is a temptation might hear
of it and feel encouraged to take a dozen glasses.
I abstain for the sake of such."
This was the true spirit of Christ manifested
in the matter of not putting stumbling-blocks
in the way of others. There are so many who
are easily misled, and who require but a feather's
weight to incline them to yield to temptation,
that it is of the utmost importance that strong,
faithful, noble men, should stand aloof from
things which, though not perhaps specially dan- \
gerous to themselves, might, through the exam-
ifth Mo. 29, 1897
THE FRIEND.
359
iple of their use, bring disaster to the weak and
iunwary. Thus the great Apostle said: "It is
Tood neither to eat flesh, nor to drink wine, nor
[inythiug whereby thy brother sturableth, or is
jfiended, or is made weak'' (Rom. xiv: 21).
Even if the strong drink was healthful instead
)f harmful to thera, it would be wise for Chris-
iau men to avoid it lest weak ones should stum-
ble and fall through their example. — The Chris-
fan.
; The Tulip and its Story.
': Now that the Feast of the Tulips, as it has
(een wittily termed, is almost here, it is inter-
sting to trace the romantic history of this won-
lerful flower that, after more than three cen-
|uries of adoption by European and Occidental
nations, yet remains essentially what nature first
reated it — a child of the Orient, boldly-sim-
ile in outline, intense in color, and gorgeously
flagnificeut in its beauty.
j As we might expect, its birthplace was sunny
rersia. The botanist of his age, the celebrated
i)r. Gesner, came across it in his travels, and
jrought it back with him to Europe in 1559.
'he old blood-red tulip of our gardens (Tu/ipa
jresneriana), in its specific name still commemo-
ates the name of its introducer, just as its generic
ame of Tulip commemorates its Persian origin,
jlip being a foreign corruption of the Persian
ame of tiie flower thoubelan, signifying turban,
•cm the shape of the blooms.
Considering the restricted intercourse of that
ay, the tulip was rapidly disseminated over
lurope. Under cultivation it soon sported in-
) brilliant variations. Its surpassing flakings,
latherings and pencilings were so unlike any
ther flower that there was the greatest /lo-ore
bout it. This enthusiasm culminated in the
ilebrated "Tulip mania" of Holland in 1636
ad 1037, a happening unique in history ; so
^raptured did the staid Hollanders become
ith thera, and so great the demand for rare or
ighly prized varieties, that capitalists began
1 speculate in tulips as Wall Street magnates
D to-day in wheat and corn, not only buying
p all in sight, but trading in futures.
, The infection spread until men of limited
eans mortgaged their homes to buy a few
)zen of these bulbs. Prices ran incredibly
gh. One hundred and twenty bulbs of one
iriety brought at auction a lump sum of three
ousand six hundred dollars, or thirty dollars
r each bulb. Varieties, of which only a half-
.)zen or so bulbs were to be obtained, sold for
thousand dollars or more apiece; but the
imax was reached when a single bulb of a
rt named Semper Augustus sold for 1,300
)rins, the equivalent of more than five thous-
id dollars in United States money ! It is a
elanchdly illustration of the munitions of time,
at the common Persian tulip that Gesner ob-
ined for the asking, is still extant in our gar-
>:ns; while the ottspring, that seventy-seven
;ars later brought the greatest price ever paid
ir a single plant or bulb, has absolutely dis- I
iipeared from cultivation.
Of course the reaction came; and the crash
i prices ruined scores of men who had invested
leir all in tulips. In spite of all, the Holland-
<3 retained their intense passion for the flower,
fd do until this day — a passion shared by all
le German people.
Royal blood is privileged to royal peculiari-
ts. The regal tulip, not content with having
llped to make history, or with having con-
(ered masculine indifference, insists upon a
t ique seed propagation unlike that of any other
known flower. The shiny black seeds are of
good size, and, in the hands of tho.se who un-
derstand their culture, not particularly difficult
of germination. However, the tulip seedling is
no plebeian plantlet, that feels it incuuilient
upon itself to jiush at once into the busy, flow-
ering world. Quite the reverse. It takes a five
or six years' leisure growth before it deigns to
send up its first flower. Here again it leaves
the beaten track of flower usage. No matter
from how brilliant a tulip the seed may have
been saved, nor how gayly the parent flower
may have been streaked or feathered, the bloom
of the seedling is of a plain selfcolor. It is
now a " Breeder" tulip, and year after year the
seedling tulip wears the self-colored dress in
which it first elected to appear. This goes on
for three, four or five, or even nine or ten years ;
then the flower " breaks" or becomes rectified.
In other words it has passed through the pre-
liminary flowering stage, and is ready now, some
ten or fifteen years from the sowing of the seed,
to show what manner of flower it intends to be.
Curious as it may seem, the breeder flower
gives not the slightest indication of the color
or marking of the mature tulip. The muddy,
magenta-hued blossom may be transformed into
the most brilliant blood-red, or the quiet mauve
into a flaming flower, most gorgeously blazed
and flaked. This change is a radical one, af-
fecting the smallest offset from the parent bulb.
As tulips in favorable soil increase rapidly,
through new bulbs forming, in the course of a
few years longer (some twenty or twenty-five
years in all perhaps since the seed was sown),
the grower is able to put the best of his seed-
lings on the market. We fear few Americans
would have patience enough for the undertak-
ing.— Lora S. La Mance.
" To-day tlie Saviour calls : _ve wand'rers come ;
O ye benighted souls, why longer roam?
"To-day the Saviour calls; oh, hear Him now
Within these sacred walls to Jesus bow.
''To-day the Saviour calls: for refuge fly ;
The storm of justice falls, and death is nigh.
' The Spirit calls to-day ; yield to his power ;
'rieve Him not ;
'tis mercy's honr.'
Soncjf: of Pilijr
THE FRIEND.
FIFTH MONTH -22, IS
During the late religious visit which our
friends John and Esther Fowler paid to Egypt,
they met with a young woman, in whom they
became much interested. She is now living in
Switzerland, and employed as governess in a
family of children. A recent letter from her
shows that the interest was mutual. In it she
says, " My heart is full of thankfulness, first for
having met you, because I have been helped
and strengthened by seeing you and talking to
you both ; and secondly for being remembered
by you. I have been much blesseil since I have
been in Egypt. I used to be unhappy and to
fret for many things, but now I am content,
and know that our lives are ordered for us. I
am learning to say. Thy will be done." She
expresses a desire that they might remember
each other in their prayers, " and that shall be
a tie between us."
Such incidents as the intercourse with this
interesting young woman, are occasionally met
with by those who are laboring in Christ's
cause, and at times they are the beginning of a
life-long interest and friendship, and open the
way for the exercise of Christian concern and
private labor, which is bles.sed of the Lord.
They are a source of encouragement to the
Lord's .servant, who may see in them an evi-
dence that his Master is pleased to use him for
the promotion of his cause in the earth.
Services of this kind are often placed in the
power of those who have not received a gift in
the ministry o£ the Gos|)cl, but who are en-
deavoring to be found partakers of the Divine
communion, and in their performance they ex-
perience the truth of the promi.se, " He that
watereth, shall be watered also himself"
May we all be watchful to make a right use
of these openings and opportunities for doing
good, which are graciously put in our power.
In the account of Concord Quarterly Meeting
in the present number of The Fkikxd, men-
tion is made of the concern of our dear Friend,
Esther Fowler, to pay a religious visit in the
Western States. Her prospect is to attend the
Quarterly Meeting of Salem in Ohio in the
Eighth Month next. From there to go pretty
directly to Pasadena in California and attend
the Monthly Meeting there, which is a branch
of Hickory Grove Quarterly Meeting in Iowa,
and visit some or most of its members. On her
return eastward, she proposes to attend Iowa
Yearly Meeting, held the present year at West
Branch, Iowa. Her minute also liberates her
to appoint some public meetings.
We have no doubt many of our readers can
unite in the desire that the Lord who sends her
forth may bless her efforts in his cause, and
enable her to return with the reward of peace.
We have received a letter from a respected
Friend, referring to the article published in The
Friesd of Fiftii Month 8th, on the correct use
of the plain language. Our correspondent thinks
that some who have felt that it would be right
to use " thou " instead of " thee " in the nom-
inative case, have been discouraged by the fear
that it might seem like a presumptuous assump-
tion of superior sanctity. His concern is that
all may be encouraged faithfully to follow the
impressions of duty made upon tlieir minds. In
this feeling we concur.
SUMMARY OF EVENTS.
Unitkd Stati:s. — By the entrance of Corea and the
Orange Free State into the Universal Postal Union,
which has been announced to the Postal C'oDgress at
Washington, and the probable entrance of China be-
fore ISyy, llie entire postal circuit of the globe will
have been accomplished.
The House has passed the resolution appropriating
JoO.OUO for the relief of American citizens in Cuba
without a dissenting voice, and the President has
signed the bill.
On the 20th inst. the Morgan Cuban resolution w.as
parsed by the United States Senate by a vote of 41 to
14. The resolution declares "That a condition of
public war exists between the Government of Spain
and the Government proclain)ed and for some lime
maintained by force of arms by the people of Cuba,
and that the United States of .\merica shall maintain
a strict neutrality between the contending parlies, ac-
cording lo each all the rights of belligerents in the
ports and territory of the United Sial»s." An analysis
of the vole shows that the affirmative was cast by 18
Republicans, 19 Democrats and 4 Populists, and the
negative by 12 Republicans and 2 Democrats.
The Morgan resolution In the House was referred
to the Committee on Rules. The matter will not be
brought before the House until the neg< tiations which
it is believed are being conducted by the President
with the Government of Spain, looking to the pacifi-
cation and independence, have been concluded, and
the result is made known to Congress and the country.
No details of the negotialions now under way in re-
gard to Cuba have been made public, but it is under-
360
THE FRIEND.
stood that they include complete amnesty to all who
participated in the revolution as a pre-requisite to the
establishment of a local government with Spanish
consent, the svithdrawal of Spanish troops and subse-
quent voluntary acknowledgment by Spain of the in-
dependence of the island possibly upon the payment
of a war indemnity. This solution of the question
is being pressed, with intimations that the United
States will guarantee the performance of the condi-
tions on both sides.
Senator Joseph H. Earledied at his home in Green-
ville, South Carolina, on the 20th inst.
It appears that in the last quarter of a century, or
since 1873, says the New York Sun, there have been
cut in Michigan, Wisconsin and Minnesota alone 154,-
000.000,000 feet of white pine, board measure, besides
83 000,000,000 shingles, and in the last three-fourths
of that period about 200,000,000,000 feet, taking the
whole country together. New York and Pennsylva-
nia have, next to the States just mentioned, large
quantities of standing coniferous timber, and the
amount left in the Northern States is estimated at
about 100,000,000,000 feet, or half as much as has
been cut since about 1S78 in the whole country. Can-
ada is another resource, with about 37,000,000,000 feet
of white pine.
Forest fires are burning at many points in the upper
Michigan peninsula. "Unless heavy rainfalls come
soon, serious losses in logs and standing timber, as
well as the wiping out of settlements, may re--ult."
A New Orleans dispatch says, " It is thought there
will be no further damage done by the overflow. The
losses in Louisiana is estimated at Sl,750,000, in Mis-
sissippi at $8,500,000, and in Arkansas at $4,260,000,
or a total of $13,500,000 ; not as serious a loss as in
many previous years of overflow, when the river was
not nearly as high as it is now."
By a fire in Hoboken on the night of the 20lh inst.,
one whole block was reduced to ashes, and 140 fami-
lies were rendered homeless. The flames started in a
large factory. The loss is believed (o exceed $500,000.
At the Yearly Meeting recently held in this city.
Fifteenth and Race Streets, the Clerk stated that he
had received a communication, which, though ad-
dressed to him personally, he had no doubt was in-
tended for the Meeting. According to custom, it was
decided to refer the paper to a small Verbal Commit-
tee for examination. This Committee reported that
it was an epistle issued by Friends of Arch Street
Yearly Meeting. They were united in recommending
it should be read in the meeting and pondered, but
that the members should refrain from commenting
upon it. This was united with. We are informed
that an unusual degree of solemnity was felt when the
epistle was read. In the Women's Mee'ing, a similar
Committee made a like report, and the reading was
listened to without remark. Many of the members
have expressed their satisfaction with the epistle and
with the action of the Men's and Women's Meetings
in having it read.
Deaths in this city last week were 413, being 30
less than the previous week, and 19 more than the cor-
responding week of last year. Of the foregoing, 217
were males and 196 females: 54 died of pneumonia ;
50 of consumption; 3G of heart disease; 20 of apop-
lexy ; 19 of cancer ; 17 of diphtheria ; 16 of old age ;
IG of convulsions; 13 of scarlet fever; 11 of typhoid
fever ; 1 1 of inflammation of the stomach and bowels ;
11 of nephritis; 11 of Brighl's disease, and 9 of in-
flammation of the brain.
Markets, <fec.— U. S. 2'6, 96 a 98 ; 4's, reg., IIOJ a 111 ;
coupon, 112 a 112A; new 4's,reg., 122.', a 123; 5's, 113 a
1134 ; currency O's, 104 a 107J.
Cotton. — Oflicial quotations are at 8c. per pound
for middling uplands.
Feed.— Spot bran, $12.60 to $13.00 per ton for win-
ter in bulk, and $11.00 a $12.00 for spring in sacks.
Flour.— Winter super, $2.75 a $3.00; do., extras,
$3.15 a$3.40; Pennsylvania roller, clear, $4.00 a $4.15;
do., do., straight, $4.20 a $4.30 ; Western winter, clear,
$4.00 a $4.16; do., do., straight, $4.25 a $4.35; do.,
do., patent, $4.40 a $4.60 ; spring, clear, $3.50 a $3.80 ;
do., straight, $4.00 a $4.20 ; do., patent, $4.20 a $4.53 ;
do., favorite brands, higher. City mills, extra, $3.25
a $3.50; do., clear, $4.25 a $4.35: do., straight, $4.35
a $4.50 ; do., patent, $4.50 a $4.70. Kye Flour.—
$2 25 a $2.50 per bbl. as to quality.
Grain. — No. 2 red wheat, 82.} a 83c.
No. 2 mixed corn, 29 a 29ic.
No. 3 white oats, 25^ a 26o.
Beef Cattle. — Extra, 5} a 5ic.; good, 5 a 5Jc.;
medium, i\ a 4^0.; common, i\ a 4Jc.
Sheep and Lambs. — Extra, 4^ a 4Jc.; good, 3| a 4c.;
medium, Z\ a SJc; common, 2J a 3c; lambs, 3J a 5Jc.
Hogs.— Western, 5i a 5|c.; State, 5}c.
Foreign. — The scheme of the Government for the
relief of Ireland, as outlined in the House of Com-
mons last week by the Fir.st Lord of the Treasury, A.
J Balfour, was sprung as a surprise upon most of the
members, and was the leading topic for discussion in
the political world. Under the scheme the landlords
will receive about f 250,000 ($1,250,000) early, and
the tenants will be relieved of about £400,000 ($2,000,-
000) of yearly taxation. It is understood that the
project was approved at a Cabinet Council, and that
before it is submitted to Parliament its salient feat-
ures will be communicated in confidence to the lead-
ing Irish landlords.
jrhe new tunnel under the Thames at Blackwall
was opened by the Prince of Wales on last Seventh-
day.
The annual consumption of sugar per head of the
population is 18 pounds in Germany, 26 in France
and Switzerland, 44 in the United States and 60 in
England.
In consequence of the increasing distress and pov-
erty in Spain, the migration has increased enormously
within a few months. Most of it, however, is by way
of the French and Portuguese harbors.
The Madrid newspapers consider the adoption by
the United States Senate of Senator Morgan's bellig-
erency resolution to be a very grave step. They say
it will tend to strengthen the Premier Canovas del
Castillo in checking the proposed Liberal attack on
the Ministry.
The Duke of Tetuan, the Minister of Foreign Af-
fairs, who tendered his resignation last week, after
boxing the ears of Senor Comas, a Liberal Senator,
causing a commotion and the suspension of the sitting
of the Senate, has withdrawn his resignation, on the
advice of the Premier, Canovas del Castillo, who, the
personal question of the dispute having been closed
by the seconds of the two parties deciding a duel was
not necessary, and in view of the impending import-
ant international questions, thinks the Ministry should
not be disorganized.
Russia has the most rapidly increasing population
of any country in the world. The growth the last
hundred years has been a fraction less than 1,000,000
annually.
The Sultan of Turkey has decided to agree to an
armistice, and Edhem Pasha has been ordered lo cease
hostilities. It appears that the Czar made a direct
appeal to the Sultan to order his troops to cease hos-
tilities and arrange an armistice, and this, coupled
with the fact that most serious results would have en-
sued if Turkey had persisted in her defiant attitude,
brought about the present state of afli'airs.
An armistice of seventeen days was agreed to on
the 20th by Turkey and Greece. It includes the land
and sea forces of both combatants. The Ambassadors
of the Powers met in Constantinople to consider the
terms of the peace.
The steamer Empress nf India, at San Francisco from
Yokohama, brings news of a fire which completely
destroyed the town of Hochioji, in the silk district of
Japan. Nearly 4,000 houses were destroyed, and be-
tween forty and fifty lives were lost.
A dispatch to the Times from Buenos Ayres says,
" The sugar industry is threatened with a severe crisis,
owing lo over-production. The excess of available
export for the current year is more than 100,000
tons."
Two dams on the St. Croix River, in Nova Scotii,
burst on the 20th instant, partly destroying three
others, and swept nearly 3,000,000 feet of uncut timber
into the Bay of p'undy via the .\von River and Bay
of Mioas. The loss is $100,000.
Died, at his residence, Newmarket, Ontario, Canada
on the twenty-sixth of Second Month, 1897, Thoma
Moore, in the seventy-third year of his age ; a mem
ber and elder of Yonge Street Monthly Meeting o
Friends. Though charitable to all true believers ii
the Lord Jesus Christ, he was firmly attached to thi
principles and doctrines of the Christian religion a
professed by early Friends, and took great interest ii
reading their writings, was diligent in reading th.
Holy Scriptures, often speaking of deriving comfor
therefrom, and in attending all our meetings whil
health would permit, in which his voice was occasion
ally heard with acceptance. In theyear 1868, being ii
feeble health, thought an ocean voyage might benefi
him, and under a sense of duty made the journey, ti
which he often referred with pleasure, mentioninj
the kindness he received from Friends and relatives
being a stranger in a strange land. For a number o
years he snflTered much from palpitation of the hear
and nervous prostration, which was borne with pa
tience. To the above named affliction was added thi
loss of hearing to a considerable extent, which was i
great trial to him. Being of a social disposition it ii
a measure deprived him of the enjoyment of the com
pany of his friends. On the twenty-ninth of Twelftl
Month last he was stricken with paralysis, which lef
him partially helpless. A physician being called h(i
asked him what he thought of his case, and on beinf
informed his time here would be short, that medicim
would avail little, said, that was good news, he wai
going home; and thought in his case it was better ti
depend on Providence than medicine. His suffering
over eight weeks were very great, but his hope in Got
through Christ Jesus was not shaken. He had tha
childlike faith and trust which c.asteth out all fear
at one time saying, " Come, Lord Jesus, come quickly,'
at another, " Oh, that I had the wings of a dove, that '.
might fly away and be at rest." He often prayed fo
patience and resignation to hold out to the end, saying
"The Lord's time is the best time." Once, on bein;
asked if he would have something to eat, said, " I havi
meat to eat ye know not of." He was sensible to tbi
last, and his many little acts of endearment after ar
ticulation had ceased, showed his afTection to thosf
around him. He leaves a wife and daughter to moun
NOTICES.
Westtown Boarding School. — For convenience
of persons coming to Westtown School, the stage will
meet trains leaving Philadelphia 7.17 and 8.46 A. M.,
and 2.53 and 4.32 p. M. Other trains are met when
requested. Stage fare on regular trips, fifteen cents,
on special trips, twenty-five cents each way. To reach
the school by telegraph, wire West Chester Phone 86.
Edward G. Smedley, Sup't.
Westtown Boarding School. — Applications for
the admission of pupils to the school, and letters in
regard to instruction and discipline should be ad-
dressed to William F. Wickersham, Principal.
Payments on account of board and tuition, and
communications in regard to business should be for-
warded to Edward G. SiMedley, Superintendent.
Address, Westtown P. O., Chester Co., Pa.
, at his home in Marshallton, Pa., on the twenty
ninth of Third Mo., Marshall Fell, aged seventy
five years, ; a beloved member and minister of Brad'
ford Monthly Meeting of Friends. The languagi
seemed fitting, "Blessed are the pure in heart, fo
they shall see God."
Mary' J. Hawley, widow of Benjamin Haw
ley and daughter of Dempsey and Martha Johnson, ai^
Elder and member of West Bianch Monthly Meetinj
of Friends (Conservative Body), deceased First Monti
9th, 1897, aged 75 years. She had a birthright mem^
bership in the Society of Friends, whose principles
she firmly supported. She often administered earnesi
Chri.^tian counsel to those around her, as faithful ant
devoted service to her dear Master. She was of :
cheerful nature, whose daily life and conversation re
vealed a close walk with her Saviour, so that it msj
be truly said of her, "A mother in Israel is fallen.'i
On her way from meeting she fell from a stroke o
apoplexy, scarcely breathing after she was stricken
She leaves the comf irting assurance that an heavenW
peace crowned her departure.
, at her residence near Earlham, Iowa, Firs
Month 7ih, 1897, Isabel Thomas, in the seventy'
second year of her age. She was regarded by her aci
quaintances as a willing helper to those in need o
suffering, and her ministrations to the wants of other'
was one of the characteristics of her life, being carefn
to heed the injunction, '' Let not thy left hand knovi
what thy right hand doeth." She was firm in uphold*
ing the faith and doctrines as held by ancient Friei
The last year of her life was one of intense sufTeripJi
borne with cheerful resignation, oflen expressin,
thankfulness for her many favors. Her friends hav
the consoling evidence that their loss is her eterns'
gain.
, at the family residence, near Winchester, Va.
Fifth Month 11th, 1897, Lydia H. Wright, in th
eighty-third year of her age. A member of Hopewel,
Montbly Meeting during lier long and useful life. Sh
was the wife of Jesse Wri:;ht, deceased, and daughle
of John and Rachel Grifiith, faithful Elders in thei
day. Two sons and four daughters survive her. "Th
memory of the just is blessed."
THE FRIEND.
A Religious and Literary Journal.
VOL. LXX.
SEVENTH-DAY. SIXTH MONTH 5, 1897.
No. 46,
PUBLISHED WEEKLY.
Price, if paid in advance, $2.00 per annum.
'SubscfiptionSf payments and business communicalio
received by
Edwin P. Sellew, Publisher,
No. 207 Walnut Place,
(South from Walnut Street, between Third and Fourth,)
PHILADELPHIA.
Articles designed /or insertion to be addressed to
JOSEPH WALTON,
MOOBESTOWN, BUKLINGTON C!o., N. J.
f Entered as second-class
• at Philadelphia P. O.
Richard Esterbrook.
(Coutluued from page SM.)
"Camden, Second Month 21st, 188G.
" I attended Western Quarterly Meeting on
ixth-day. I think, as far as I know, I was
|ie only stranger, as Friends often say.
" It was a wintry time outwardly, and was very
[uch so, I thought, inwardly — very little seu-
(ble exercise prevalent, so it felt to me — very
Ittle warmth and very little verdure. I thought
iere was to be felt the absence of much feeling
. the second meeting, in all of which I suffered
I some degree. Yet not without some instruc-
;0D, remembering with some fresh tenderness
16 next morning, that the disciples of old toiled
d night and caught nothing ; and yet the Mas-
r, in his condescending goodness, drew near
id commanded them to cast the net, and then
ley drew a plentiful supply. The remembrance
■ which comforted my spirit. There seems a
■eat lack of a general religious exercise —
restling for the blessing until the day break-
ph.
I " I have been looking over the little book from
inUiam Penn's writings, lately compiled by
lee, and I feel grateful that thou hast labored
|i it. It was a good work I think."
[The latter part of this letter refers to the
inual inquiry made of the members of Phila-
jlphia Yearly Meeting as to their use of intoxi-
iting drinks. To this method R. Esterbrook
It strong objection, regarding it as an injudi-
ous method of endeavoring to promote a wor-
ly object. The letter says :]
" If Friends could be satisfied with the reading
j" a minute, carefully worded, of advice, once
i the year, as a caution and as a reminder, I
iitertain no doubt it would secure the respect
r'our members, and be much more efKcacious,
lan the course now imposed upon the meetings.
am convinced it is a great blunder. I know
0 man who has a deeper sense of the evil of
^temperance than I have. I yield to no man
ving in this respect, but for all good objects
e must strive lawfully, if we would be crowned
ith true success."
" Camden, Third Month 4th, 1886.
"Our Monthly Meeting was a quiet, solid
leeting. (I felt it so.) Not wholly silent. In
le second meeting our Friend, Charles Rhoads,
1 a very agreeable manner, laid his concern
before Friends, and it was feelingly united with,
and a minute prepared accordingly, worded
perhaps in this way, 'A visit in Gospel love to
the meetings of Friends within the limits of
North Carolina Yearly Meeting, and for such
other service as way may open for.'
"It seems a duty we owe to one another, and
it is also a privilege, when we can be brought
into a feeling of sympathy, and bear one an-
other's burdens a little.
" Charles Rhoads was comforted by thy sym-
pathy for him, which I endeavored to impart
to him as thou requested."
[In allusion to the separation in Canada.]
" It is an idle thing, a weak thing, to be look-
ing towards London for recognition under ex-
isting circumstances. It looks as if London
Yearly Meeting thought, and the expectant
Yearly Meetings thought, that London had
some especial store of spiritual help to impart.
It is a great, and to me an unaccountable de-
lusion, except that it shows a great lack of
depth of discernment.
"I have just read theeditorialin The Friend,
and I am grateful for it. It is high time that
the delusive notion should be exploded that
London Yearly Meeting is the great source from
which the law of Quakerism is to be given forth,
and the word to all the Yearly Meetings, where-
ever situated. As Morris Cope said, in the Meet-
ing for Sufferings, ' Ephraim lost his strength,
and did not appear to know it.' "
[The editorial above alluded to was published
in The Friend of Fourth Month 3rd, 1886,
and contained some comments on a conference
recently held in London on the subject of cor-
respondence with various bodies in this coun-
try. It takes the ground that " the dissemina-
tion of sentiments at variance with our doc-
trines has been the primary cause of the diffi-
culties now afiecting the peace of the Society ;
that much of the responsibility for this depart-
ure from our ancient standard of faith and
practice rests upon London Yearly Meeting,
because it failed to apply a restraining hand or
to openly condemn those doctrinal works issued
by its members, which paved the way for this
departure, and the official sanction or toleration
by London Yearly Meeting of mission and other
movements, in which the principles of Friends
do not limit the actions of those interested, place
it in such a position that it is difficult to see
how its epistolary correspondence can exert a
salutary influence upon those bodies of Friends
who are most affected by the decision of the
Conference."]
"Camden, Fifth Month Sth, 1886.
" The baptism of Christ is by one Spirit into
one body, where all are made to drink, and de-
light also to drink of that one Spirit. Where
this is wanting, the essential Truth is wanting.
So that, while we have cause to be thankful for
the help aSbrded to us during the late Yearly
Meeting, etc., the language is still applicable,
"Serve the Lord with fear, and rejoice with
trembliug."
"Plainfield, Sixth Month 21»l, 18-.r,.
"Our meeting here yesterday was a refreshing
one. The blessed promise made to the two or
three met together in the name of Christ being
graciously fulfilled in our experience, and the
favors openly acknowledged with thanksgiving.
I thought our Quarterly Meeting a favored one,
although I confess I should be glad if the dear
Friend who spoke so well to us and with such a
good concern, possessed the art of condensation.
I was afraid the service was somewhat marred
by repetitions."
"Plainfield, Sixth Month 27th, 188C.
" The article in the Christian Worker on J. G.
Whittier will neither injure the reputation of
The Friend or the " Poet" with any whose
judgment would be of much value to J. G. W.
" That, I think, would be my feeling were I
the object of its criticism.
" Perhaps the same may be said of J. H. M.
And so completely are such people gone over-
board that all hope of rescue is departed from
me. I think argument is mostly lost upoo them.
Only like furnishing a fresh supply of fuel.
" We enjoyed the visit from one Sixth-day to
another Sixth-day of our friends, Morris and
Deborah Cope. I accompanied them to Phila-
delphia on Sixth day last, and they expected to
reach their home yesterday. Dear M. C. is not
the man he was two years ago. Seems to need
extreme care. He is very feeble. We thought
it a privilege to have such a visit. Can scarcely
expect a repetition of it. I think M. C. fully
realizes the great uncertainty of life, and is fa-
vored to contemplate the exchange of time for
eternity with calm resignation aud holy confi-
dence."
[Richard Esterbrook's letters frequently mani-
fest the high esteem and warm afiectiou he felt
for Morris Cope, whom he called one of na-
ture's noblemen. He was, indeed, a man of no
ordinary character. His powers of mind were
above the average, and were associated with a
sanctified common sense and a kindness of heart
that endeared hiui to many, while his unwaver-
ing attachment to the principles of the Society
of Friends and his boldness in defending them,
were bonds which closely united him to their
true and living advocates. One illustration oc-
curs : On one occasion the Meeting for Suffer-
ings, of which he was a member, had under
consideration a document referring to the prin-
ciples of Friends, and the position, in reference
to them, of Philadelphia Yearly Jleeting. Some
one suggested a change in a paragraph, the ef-
fect of which would have been to greatly weaken
the force of the essay. Morris Cope said, in
substance, " If we want to say that all the ex-
ercise and concern of Philadelphia Yearly Meet-
ing on behalf of sound doctrine for the last
twenty yeare amounts to nothing, that's the
way to do it." To this sharp criticism no reply
was made, and the essay passed unaltered. His
memory was accurate and retentive, and he
possessed a vein of originality that added to the
interest of his conversation.]
(To be continued )
362
THE FRIEND.
Sixth Mo. 6, 18;
For "The Friend."
from the iDJurious.
There seems to be a frequently recurring need
for the revival of the testimony of Chrysostom,
delivered fifteen centuries ago, that " The Church
receives no offeriugs from the injurious." This
enunciation has come afresh to my mind within
a few days, in seeing the announcement made
in a daily paper of Philadelphia, that the broth-
ers Duke, of Durham, North Carolina, had just
given ten thousand dollars to Guilford College
in that State, as "a lasting memorial of their
goodwill" to the Institution. Having received
there the principal part of their education they
"have ever held the school in high esteem,"
it is stated, "and watched its growth and pro-
gress with much interest."
The business in which B. N. and J. B. Duke
are very extensively engaged, is that of the
manufacture of chewing tobacco and cigarettes.
It would seem quite unnecessary to expatiate in
this place upon the unhealthy character of these
manufactured products. Admittedly, the traffic
in many respects considered, is highly injuri-
ous. Very pointedly and pitifully was this busi-
ness on the part of the Durham firm brought
under death-bed arraignment in the case of a
lad of nineteen years who had been employed
at a shoe factory, and who died at his boarding
place in Camden, New Jersey, from the exces-
sive use of cigarettes. Shortly before his life
was thus miserably cut short, he said : " Tell
all my frieuds ' Duke's Best ' have killed me,
and beg of them never to smoke another."
Further, its so general association with i?)i-
purily additionally operates to bring this traffic
under marked condemnation. The writer feels
that he is justified in speaking directly upon
this matter, inasmuch as it has fallen to his lot
— probably beyond that of any other member of
our religious Society in these parts — to seek such
relief from those in authority as might measur-
ably reduce the evil referred to.
Ten years ago (1887), a letter was received
by me from a minister who for years filled the
position of secretary of the Conference of one
of the larger religious bodies held weekly in
Philadelphia^ in which he expressed his con-
cern at the exposure in a tobaccouist's window,
near his home, of a large frame containing two
hundred or more small pictures of actresses,
many of the pictures being highly indecent.
These indeed were to be seen similarly displayed
all over the city. He had frequently noticed
lads gathered around the window, and was led
to query whether there was to be found no rem-
edy for this grievous evil, for he had appealed
in vain to the Director of Public Safety. Upon
receiving this letter, the District Attorney was
consulted, and he being in accord with the view
that the law prohibitive of such displays ought
not to be so set at nought, the dealer was sum-
moned before a magistrate to answer the charge.
The pictures in question were advertising cards
for the cigarettes of Duke & Co., of Durham, K
C, aforesaid, with factory and also offices in New
York City. The retail dealer of this pictured
impurity was required by the magistrate to an-
swer before the Court. As I waited near the
room occupied by the Grand Jury, with the
minister who had called my attention to the
case, he told me how he had had cause to realize
in his early youth the serious consequences to
the pure mind of giving admittance to these
soiling things. He had found to his sorrow how
difficult they were of effacement, needing even
yet in mature years a watching unto prayer,
and how he desired he might be able to be a
help in preserving the young people in the pres-
ent day from this snare of the fowler. But the
complaint was to be stated to the Grand Jury.
Going into the room I found it, to my misgiv-
ing, filled with tobacco smoke, and it was these
smokers who were to decide whether one who
dealt in goods that ministered to their gratifica-
tion was to answer, yea or nay, for his alleged
misdeeds before the judge. These men not only
found that he should not be brought to account,
but being incensed at the attempt to overturn
their idol would have laid the costs upon myself;
whereat the Judge (Gordon) non-concurring in
the attempt to have a citizen punished for essay-
ing a disinterested service to the community,
sent back the bill of indictment. The District
Attorney laid tlie latter before them again, ap-
pealing to them to reverse their fiuding, but
they would do no more than reluctantly take
off" the costs.
And what did these hundreds of vicious pic-
tures displayed in the tobacco dealer's windows
stand for? They were samples of such as were
slipped singly into each package of Duke's
cigarettes, and to be had by every lad or other
purchaser of the mind and body defiling wares.
"Duke's Best have killed me!" What a wail
to arise from the nauseating smoke of this fur-
nace ! Often have I thought of the mother (and
she was of a family of Friends) who pathetically
wrote me about finding one of the defiling cards
in a pocket of her boy's clothes that she had
taken up to repair, beseeching that something
might be done to stop this awful work of the
desolators of homes.
Not yet, alas, is the brief narrative finished
of the direct work of the injurious in this con-
nection. Three years after the Grand Jury in-
cident (1890), the same firm of manufacturers
of cigarettes, ambitious to yet further develop the
ungodly trade, made very extensive use of the
mails to send their circulars and abominable
pictures into thousands of our homes. A Metho-
dist minister, the unwilling and indignant re-
cipient of one of these prints, was the first to
call my attention to the outrage. An Episco-
pal clergyman and editor wrote me (upon learn-
ing that the matter had been laid before the
postal authorities) that he had been the recipient
of one of the pictures, as was likewise his son
and the assistant editor. My own home was
similarly invaded. Exceedingly unpleasant it
is to refer to this episode, yet I believe its rela-
tion, with what I have further recurred to, to be
a duty that is owing to this day and genera-
tion. I need only add that I have the circular
of the firm before me, and it bears upon it the
names of the three managing directors, two of
whom are B. N. and J. B. Duke, the bestowers
of the recent gift of money to Guilford College.
Is it wise and righteous to accept a benefac-
tion of money so acquired ? The manufacture of
cigarettes in our country increased from two hun-
dred and thirty-eight millions in 1879, to three
thousand six hundred and twenty millions in
1894, or fully fifteen fold in fifteen years. So evi-
dent has been seen to be the evil physical eflects
of the weed (irrespective of its accompaniment
of moral impurity) that there is probably not a
State that has not at least legislated against its
sale to minors. (An almost hopeless repression,
nevertheless, while parents continue to set the
bad example.) Coming directly to our own
Society in the State of North Carolina, the last
statistics of the Yearly Meeting there showed
that upward of fifteen hundred of its members
were either engaged in raising or dealing in
tobacco, or were concerned in its manufacture.
or personally use it — being a proportion of m
less than one to every three! In the light (
this hazardous alliance, can Guilford Collej
afford to accept the gift that is herewith coi
sidered ?
Rather would I commend such near at han
testimonies (many could be cited from our ai
nals) as that of the Pennsylvania iron mam
facturers, who refused to accept a lucrative ord(
from the United States Government for met;
plate which would have been used in the coi
struction of war vessels; or, those manufs'
turers of glassware who have declined orde
for thousands of dollars worth of bottles thi
were wanted for alcoholic liquor purposes ; o
the firm of belting makers who recently rescin(
ed an accepted order for a large quantity of the
product when they learnt that it was intende
for use in a brewery.
Ho\v morally helpful has proved to be tl
incident of the Presbyterian Hospital, of Phi
adelphia, in declining to accept its designate
proportion of the proceeds of the annual Charit
Ball — the two thousand five hundred doll;
cheque being sent back to the donors. Ho
the members of other religious corporatioi
were thence strengthened to stand against sim
lar acceptances, so that the managers of tl:
worldly entertainment, that they might not ei
counter again the like rebuff", felt constrainc'
to adopt the rule that all philanthropic organ
zations desiring to share in the dance mone'
must themselves apply for it. What a whol<
some and eflTectual answer was that (over a cei'
tury ago) of the Baptist pastor, Ryland, i
England, who being written to by the Presider
of Rhode Island College (now Brown Uni
sity) as to the feasibility of raising money
the struggling institution by lottery, replied
"As to raising money by a lottery, I disli"
from the bottom of my heart. 'Tis a schem'
dishonorable to the Supreme Head of all worlc
and of every true church. We have our fill (■
those cursed gambling lotteries in London ever
year. They are big with ten thousand evils.
Let us not touch or taste."
On the other hand how stumbling and hi
miliating was the action of that Wesleyan edi
catioual board in Maiue, who elected as an ass('
ciate trustee a noted Portsmouth brewer, wh
had acquired a large reputation as a libers
contributor to benevolent enterprises; or, th'
acceptance by a church orphanage of PhiladeJ'
phia, of large benefactions from the owner of '
very successful opera house where most sensuou'
entertainments are frequently given ; or, again'
the attendance of Roman Catholic ecclesiastic'
at euchre parties where prizes were gambled &<'
the proceeds of which were to be for the church''
benefit.
The educational Institution in North Care
lina under the care of Friends which has bee
made the recipient of the Duke brothers' gift(
ten thousand dollars, can find ready use for thf
money. It needs increase of funds. This fact!
however, does not alter in the least the morai
bearing of the matter. Herein, indeed, is th''
one foremost and most plausible plea upon wt
are founded and set going innumerable pe;
cious enterprises for monetary relief The dc
sire of the Dukes' to remember with a hand
some gift the school where they were in par
educated, will not suflSce to cleanse the qualit;
of the money, or reduce the moral risks, com
promises and perils incident upon its acceptance!
A very large legacy, only recently operativn
(it is said it will reach in amount the sum o
nine hundred thousand dollars) was left by thi
ixth Mo. 5, 1897
THE FRIEND.
363
1,'ill of a merchant in the iron trade, to Haver-
jrd College, for the reason, as he expressed it
hat he had " great confidence in the wholesome
ifluence over those who in their youth are
laced under the training, care, teaching and
sami)le of the Orthodox Friends." This surely
,reate.s an exceedingly responsible trust, as well
)ward the testator and his memory, as the In-
iitution which became directly his beneficiary,
nd also the Society of Friends at large.
, More than a year ago, a brewer of St. Louis,
Jissouri, tendered to Drury College in that
itate, the sum of a thousand dollars. The presi-
ent of the college was desirous of taking the
ift with thanks, but many of the students who
{)peared to have better apprehended what was
iivolved in such acceptance, protested against
•. What was said by the writer thereupon
ould seem to be equally or still more applica-
,le to the gift of the cigarette makers — that
altogether different [about taking the money]
ould be the position in the case of a repentant
rewer or distiller, converted from the error of
is ways to God, who should relinquish the busi-
3ss and thenceforth act upon the conviction
lat whatever he had of this world's goods
iiould be used to uplift, where theretofore they
ad been largely used to debase his brother,
.ccepting the money of one who is well satis-
3d with his continuance in this business will
pt help him. Accepting it, if he has felt corn-
auctions about its rightfulness, will operate to
ush the voice of the inward monitor, and per-
lit his awakening scruples to compound with
48 conscience."
Although this plaint of dissent may seem
Lreaily sufficiently long, there may properly
13 added a reference to the discouraging effect
lat a thankful acceptance of this kind of a
anefactiou may have upon a greatly needed
iform and the toilers therein. Many school
irectors and teachers are authorizing or giving
istruction to the pupils under their charge
jncerning the deleterious effects of the use of
ibacco. In Centre County, this State, the di-
ictors have notified the county superintendent
f" schools that the teachers should be non-users
i tobacco, requiring him to enter on every
liale teacher's certificate granted, whether or
at the holder is a user of tobacco in any form.
he late emperor of France, Napoleon III.,
;iough himself a tobacco user, finding that
aralysis and insanity had increased in the same
itio as the revenue from tobacco, and having
;arnt that the users of the product in the
i:hools and colleges were inferior both in schol-
rehip and character to the non-users, prohibited
I, by edict, in the national institutions of learn-
ig, the minister of instruction likewise issuing
milar circulars to the teachers in all the schools
r every grade. Efforts in the same direction
ave been made in Germany. In 1880, the
|as3 of Yale University was divided accord-
ig to grade of scholarship into four divisions,
ith the result that in the highest division
venty-five per cent, were found to be users of
)bacco ; in the second, forty-eight ; in the third,
iventy ; while in the fourth, the division con-
lining the poorest scholars, tobacco was used
y eighty-five per cent.
, Hence, con.siderations affecting scholarship,
haracter, health, pure and cleanly living, and
16 accountable use of money, should all incite
s to staunchly maintaiu our testimony against
le tobacco-using habit, and against the culture
f the weed, its manufacture, products, and the
•affie therein. Josiah W. Leeds.
ocouscEY, Fit'ih Month ISih, 1S97.
Diseases of Work.
It is well known that there are a number of
laiigerous trades which give rise to serious dis-
eases, but as a matter of fact, altnost every oc-
;upatiou has some ailment i)eculiar to itself.
V doctor can always tell if his patient is a baker,
for instance, by the state of his teeth. The flour
dust collects on the teeth, becomes acid, and
gives rise to a .special kind of decay. Bakers,
ng to their irregular life, sleeping in the day
and working at night, and because of the hot
air and dust, are great victims of consumption.
Blacksmiths, strong as they are, very often suf-
fer from paralysis of the whole right side, from
the continued shock of hammering, and their
eyes become weak from the glare of the fire.
Athletes, strange to say, do not, as a rule, enjoy
long life. Professional boxers, wrestlers, gym-
nasts and cyclistsare short-lived, and suflTer from
enlargement of the heart and diseases of the
lungs. Boilermakers get deaf from the contin-
ued loud noise. Brewers and brewers' drivers
drink beer in such large quantities that they
ruin their live?, aud generally die young. Brick-
layers and plasterers are very healthy, and they
are said to resemble asses in never dying. Butch-
ers are very strong and healthy, but they suf-
fer in health through eating little pieces of
raw meat. Cabmen are noted for "nipping,"
and they endure the natural consequences. The
cold, also, affects their faces to such a degree
that the muscles of the face frequently become
paralyzed. Carpenters and cabinetmakers are
affiicted with varicose veins in the legs, and the
action of the shoulder in sawing aud planing
produces a diseased condition of the large ar-
tery that runs from the heart to the arm, so that
there is not a carpenter living, a doctor says,
in whom a curious noise may not be heard by
applying the ear to that blood-vessel. Hardly
a single china scourer lives to old age without
becoming asthmatic. Clergymen's sore throat
is, of course, well known. It is said by some
to result from having the mouth open so fre-
quently, the air going in that way and drying
the throat. Others say it is caused by the cleri-
cal collar. And others still say it results from
the fact that the clergyman preaches from a
pulpit, and has to bend his head downward, for
barristers, who talk quite as much, do not suffer
as much as clergymen, being on the same level
as their hearers.
Miners, from working in the dark, become
very irritable. Their eyes get weak, and their
lungs become quite black — miners' lungs.
Cooks, particularly male cooks, working in ho-
tels, clubs and restaurants, get gout from con-
tinually tasting rich food, and both male aud
female" cooks get varicose veins and flat foot
from long standing, as well as the well-known
ache of the fiice from the heat and dirt. Coop-
ers have a lump on the knee, "which is really a
little bag of fluid put there by nature to pro-
tect the knee from the injurious effects of press-
ing it against the barrel. Divers' hearts become
distended from holding their breath.
D.Muestic servants are remarkable for suffer-
ing from typhoid fever. Housemaids are fre-
qu'ently afflicted with poverty of blood from
drinking tea and running up stairs. Dress-
makers' long hours and confinement result in
consumption very often, but more often in in-
digestion, poverty of blood and impaired eye-
sight. The fumes of nitric acid make gold-
smith's eyes sore, and they get cramps in their
fingers from catching small screws. Nearly all
the human beings who suffer from that awful
disease, glauders, are grooms.
India rubber workers have very bad head-
aches and great mental depression. I'aiuters
are poisoned by the lead they use so much, and
all their niuscle.s become very weak. Photog-
raphers get poisoned by cyanide of potassium.
The dust that enters tlie lungs of potters whea
they are sifting clay interferes so much with
their breathing that " potters' asthma" is a well-
known disease. Compositors get cracks and
fissures in their lips and .small tumors in the
mouth, and consumption attacks them frequently
because of the stooping posture and the confined
and sedentary life. Politician.s are the greatest
sufi'erers of all, the constant dram drinking
giving them indigestion, jaundice and nervous
diseases, killing them at earlier age than mem-
bers of any other profession. Sailors, very sin-
gularly, suffer greatly from consumption, owing
to the cold and damp and the bad air of the
forecastle. Salesmen and saleswomen in shops
have a lot of standing, which gives them vari-
cose veins and pains in the feet. Cloth scourers,
who inhale benzine and turpentine, suffer much
from headache, lassitude apd nervousness. Shoe-
makers get their chests pressed in by the last,
lo.se their appetite and strength, and have head-
aches. Stone-cutters' eyes are often injured by
the flying stone.
Tea-tasters, although they only take the tea
into the mouth, and do not swallow it, become
so nervous that they can follow their employ-
ment for only a period of eight or ten years.
The sedentary life of lawyers, artists, students
and literary men give rise to gout. — Chridian
AdvcrtUer.
Letter from Paris.
Fifth Month 1st, '97.
It did not seem hardly right to leave Paris
without seeing Pere-Lachaise, one of the most
famous cemeteries in the world. It was in re-
ality only to see three graves, however, that I
finally decided to go. First and above all that
of the famous and unfortunate pair of lovers,
Abelard and Helo'ise, who with all the cruel
expedients that the incensed family of the high
born girl could contrive, remained true to one
another until they finally came to occupy one
grave. For several centuries unhappy lovers
have been wont to resort to this spot, where,
throwing flowers upon the grave, they have
foolishly believed that the now sainted occu-
pants would plead for them at the court of
heaven, and that their earthly path would thus
be made more smooth. A Gothic canopy covers
the two recumbent statues, and as it is in the
old part of the burying-ground, surrounded by
simple monuments, the eflPect is solemn and im-
pressive.
The other objects of my visit were the graves
of LaFontaine and Moliere. As I stood beside
the two simple urns which stand side by side
in one enclosure, I could not help comparing
the pomp and magnificence of the place of sep-
ulchre of Napoleon, with the absolute unpreten-
tiousness of the last resting place of these two
men.
I stood here a long while, and finally before
leaving I returned to reach my hand through
the iron grating, and pick a tiny spray of box
— the only plant growing on the graves. Of
course one is not allowed, but I felt justified in
doing so; my admiration for the poets seemed
to warrant the act, and besides, I was very
modest in the amount I took.
8th.— This week has been devoted to sight-
seeing— that is in the afternoons — for since we
plan to leave so soon we feel all the more am-
364
THE FRIEND.
Sixth Mo. 5,
bitious to get in as many lessons as possible, as
well as places of interest.
The most perfect day that I have spent since
being in Europe was last First-day at Versailles.
We had been keeping it in mind all along and
decided to take for the trip the first entirely
pleasant day that came. So it was pure acci-
dent that it happened to be when the " grandes
eaux " (fountains) played. I had heard and
read much of Versailles, and expected some-
thing wonderful, but was by no means prepared
for what awaited us. We were both of one
mind to fly the palaces, spite of their historic
associations, and the fact that one can see the
battle of Yorktown among the French victories
in the " gallerie des batailles." It was the gar-
dens that attracted us most. We wandered
there hour after hour, every step opening up
new wonders. The sky was a most perfect blue,
the clouds so white, and the foliage of the trees
in perfect harmony. Kever has any one suc-
ceeded in combining art and nature with the
result attained in these marvellous " jardins de
La Notre." But most of all we enjoyed the
exquisite rural simplicity and charm of the
grounds belonging to " Le petit Trianon," which
was the favorite residence of Marie Antoinette.
" Le hamean," of which I had heard so much,
is a group of artistic rustic cottages, scattered
about near a lake and quite covered with vines
and plants, many of the latter growing out of
the thatched roofs, where the above mentioned
queen and the ladies of her court played at
dairying.
We had brought our lunch with us, so we
had the pleasure of eating it under the shadow
of one of the magnificent trees of the park.
It seemed incredible to read in Btedecker
that though the fountains played only during
about an hour, the cost each time was no less
than two thousand dollars, but after seeing
them we could understand. Towards four o'clock
we wandered back to the grand central avenue,
commanded by the palace, and seated ourselves
on the grass in front of the great basin of Apol-
lon. By this time the grounds were alive with
people, there being many thousands present.
It is impossible to give any idea of the extent
of the park, or how it is possible for so many
persons to get together, but when I say they are
in proportion to the palace, and that the palace
accommodated ten thousand persons, you may
get a faint idea. But this I must say — I have
never seen a crowd more orderly and well be-
haved in my life. Walking on the grass or
nothing of the kind is forbidden, and yet one
sees no destruction anywheres ; one sees no idle
curiosity or meets with no incivility.
The fountains do not begin all at once, but
in a certain order, so that one can follow them
to see all the principal ones start. They begin
in front of the palace, followed by the basin
of Apollon, so that was why we took our seats
commanding the entire grand avenue. As soon
as these were in full play, we hastened up a side
avenue, where a giant just emerging out of the
rocks hurls a jet of water nearly a hundred feet
in the air. A little farther is what they call
the " obelisque," from the peculiar form of the
column of water — and so on and on — nearly or
in fact every group is a mythological one, and
the number and variety is simply incredible.
The most beautiful and wonderful is called " les
bains d'Apollon." It is a huge grotto, simply
overgrown with vines and plants in the midst
of the forest, where is a beautiful mythological
group of the "sun-god," with his chargers on
both sides, as if drinking. Here the water
comes dashing down, forming cataracts and
cascades on every side. The last that begins to
play is the basin of Neptune, which is, I sup-
pose, the most tremendous fountain or group
of fountains in the world — but why try to de-
scribe the indescribable?
All week we have been sight-seeing. One other
day we took our lunch and went up to St. Cloud,
taking one of the boats on the Seine, which
brings one to the latter place in a little over an
hour, and for the extravagant sum of four
cents! The ride up the river is perfectly beau-
tiful, and the park of St. Cloud only less lovely
than that of Versailles. The palace was de-
stroyed by the communists, but the grounds
are still preserved with perfect care. From the
heights above the river one has a magnificent
view over Paris, with the winding river and the
towers and domes standing out strongly.
In the afternoon, on returning to the city, we
visited the Luxembourg, and from there took a
cab, driving across the Place de la Concorde
up the Champs Elysees, and about in the beau-
tiful Bois de Boulogne.
Another afternoon we spent at St. Denis, a
suburb of Paris, visiting an old, old cathedral,
where repose the royalty of France, from the
days of Clovis down to the victims of the revo-
lution. We made a last visit to the bouquin-
istes, and that made us most unhappy of all,
to think we could not loiter up the Seine any
more, peering over the old treasures. Oh, very
often in America I will wish myself back in
Paris, just to spend an hour with the bouquin-
istes. E. S. Kite.
For"THB Fkiend."
AFTER TWENTY YEARS.
I sat beneath the tree to-day,
Where, twenty years ago,
I carved my darling's name and mine,
What time the roses blow ;
And one by one, as freighted ships
vSail in from distant shores,
Tlie golden hours of youth returned
Through memory's open doors.
(iay banners brrne in life's fair morn.
Bright hopes and treasured themes.
Came drifting backward from the past
Like half-forgotten dreams ;
And merry voices — silent long —
The echoes woke again
With many an old, familiar tune.
And many a glad refrain.
Again we climbed the dai>ied hill.
Her dear hand clasped in mine.
Or lingered by the sylvan stream.
Its bordering flowers to twine.
Again we breathed the fragrant air
Of June, within the grove,
While on a sturdy Beech I drew
The token of our love.
That day our young hearts danced for joy.
For gathered round us were
Such charms as nature only yields
Her truest worshipper.
We envied not the busy world
Its honors, fame or gold ;
As perfect then our paradise
As Eden was of old.
She watched me with her soft blue eyes,
As earnestly I traced
Each letter there, and. smiling, said.
They soon would be efiaced.
But twenty sweet and bitter years
Their cycles since have run.
And still our names— two names — remain.
Though blending into one.
O happy days ! O golden hours I
O joys forever flown !
Why come ye not in truth to me
And bring me back my own?
The brightest visions ye unfold.
The treasures ye reveal,
Though beautiful as fairy-lands.
Are, like them, all unreal.
Now silently my darling sleeps
A-nigh those scenes of mirth.
Her lullaby the stream's low voice.
Her couch the breast of earth.
In vain I strive to pierce the veil
That shrouds the grassy mcund ;
Nor cheering song, nor tears shall break
Her dreamless sleep profound
Ah me ! the weary days march on
With slow and measured tread,
And many a shadow hovers near,
And many a hope lies dead ;
But patiently I'll wait the hour
Their marchings will be done,
When, like our names, her life and mine
Shall blended be in one.
Philadelphia. John Ford.
Selected for "The Friend."
THERE ■WAS SILENCE IN HEAVEN.
Can angel spirits need repose
In the full sunlight of the sky ?
And can the veil of slumber close
A cherub's bright and blazing eye?
Have seraphim a weary brow,
A fainting heart, an aching breast?
No, far too high their pulses flow.
To languish, with inglorious rest.
Oh, not the death-like calm of sleep
Could hush the everlasting song;
No fairy dream, or slumber deep
Entrance the rapt and holy throng.
Yet not the lightest tune was heard
From angel voice or angel hand;
And not one plumed pinion stirred
Among the pure and blissful band.
For there was silence in the sky,
A joy not angel tongues could tell.
As from its mystic fount on high.
The peace of God in stillness fell.
O, what is silence here below ?
The fruit of a concealed despair ;
The pause of pain, the dream of woe.
It is the rest of rapture there.
And to the wayworn pilgrim here.
More kindred seems that perfect peace,
Than the full chants of joy to hear
Kill on, and never, never cease.
From earthly agonies set free.
Tired with the path too slowly trod,
May such a silence welcome me
Into the palace of my CJod.
The French peace women have sent the foJ'
lowing letter to Menelik, King of Abyssinia:
" The women who execrate war, which i
wholesale murder, who detest in our European
civilization hatred between peoples, the spiri
of conquest, the desire for revenge, disregj
for the rights of the people with all the evil
which it engenders, are happy to discover a
last in you a true human soul, a just nature
which knows how not to take advantage of vie
tory and will not harbor the spirit of vengeance
Though compelled to defend yourself, you
tend your hand to the conquered in relief
do not even ask of them a war indemnity. Yoi
treat as brothers and friends those whom
injustice of others has made your prisoners,
as far as in you lies, you undo the evils whicl
you yourself have not done. If a lofty spirit o
justice ruled in our European society, Kin|
Menelik, we should not think it worth while b
congratulate you for having done your duty
but in presence of the evil passions which poisoi
with their breath our Occident, we bow dow
with a delighted and respectful surprise befoP
an example of magnanimity which we have no
yet had the opportunity of observing amonj
our Europeans." — Advocate of Peace.
Jixth Mo. 5, 1897
THE FRIEND.
]opy of a Letter from A. S., of Ballitore,
to J. Waring, of Bristol.
Dear Friend : — This morning I received thine.
JTo doubt, ere this reaches thee, thou wilt have
leard of the issue of the impending .stroke and
severe trial to the Church by the removal of our
valuable Friend, Job Scott, whose heroic spirit
md truly Christian walking have left few exam-
)les on earth to equal. He left Dublin the ninth
)f last month, intending for Munster, not feei-
ng his mind free to leave Ireland, more I ap-
)rehend, through the pressure he was to pass
hrough than much prospect of further service
D this land. Yet, on the way here, he expressed
,0 a Friend that his mind seemed relieved from
lis usual depression and burthens, which were
dmost continual in Dublin and other places in
England and Ireland. He was at our meeting
jextday; that in the evening attended by a
nultitude of people by invitation, to whom Job
,vas powerfully led in his way. He sat in my
amily in the evening, and spoke a few words
•especting the everlasting Sabbath or Seventh-
lay rest, to which those who had the number
)f the Beast (666) were unable to come. In the
Horning he seemed anxious to set out, but had
lensation of great heaviness and oppression,
ivhich he strove to throw off by medical aid,
liniself being skilful in that way. Two days
ifter a physician was called, who, apprehending
lis complaint inflammatory, bled him to relieve
lis breath, which was exceedingly oppressed,
)ut without much good effect. On Fifth-day
he eruption appeared and of the confluent kind.
He now addressed himself to bear this new and
inexpected kind of suffering. The same day
le expressed something about the disposal of his
lapers, said his sentiments were unaltered re-
ipecting theDivinity of Christand what is called
,he Trinity. He said he had written a treatise
m baptism, which his friends had published
ince he left America, adding, "There is an
Eternal Arm underneath, which is sufficient to
)ear up and support. I have long been con-
irmed in the sentiment that nothing could pos-
libly happen that would harm or injure me
vhile I keep under the Divine influence, al-
,hough I am not without some considerable
lodily pain. Yet I feel such a portion of that
;ood which is infinite, that it does not seem
,vorth mentioning, and if there was no greater
injoyment hereafter, the present would be a
itate truly desirable, through a never-ending
iternity, and yet the fulness is still more desir-
ible, the Lord's will (be as it may) must be
jone, whether it be to bring me to my eternal
,iome or not."
Seventh-day he said, "I have seen the mag-
janimity of a true believer, aud how one that
s really so would bear all the trials permitted
.0 attend him," and, by way of illustration,
idded, very forcibly, " dost thou believe in God,
hou must also believe iu the justness of all his
dispensations. This is a service, if I had not any
)ther in Ireland. Death is a service we all owe
.0 our great Creator, and sickness is a service
•equired of many. ' Oh, Ireland, Ireland, the
Lord hath service for thee in Ireland !' often
sounded iu the ear of my soul before I left
lome as distinctly as you now hear me speak
t."
Speaking of the doctors, he said, " I believe
.ny having this disorder and being here is in
he ordering of Providence. It is not given me
.0 know the event, but if there be a field of fu-
ure labor for me to enter into, it is as possible
or the Master to raise me up now as it was for
Him to create me at first. But I have no will
in it."
Again he expressed that, if ever he rose above
the present weight, which he felt, and .seemed
to be sinking under, it would be through the
marvellous display of eternal power and influ-
ence; requested that if he was removed, some
further particulars might be transmitted to his
friends at home, adding, in substance, " The
Lord's will is blessed, and I feel no controversy
with it. It is the Lord that enables me to co-
incide with his will and say. Amen to all the
trials and conflicts he jiermits to attend us.
" I do not expect to have much lively matter
to communicate in the course of this disorder, or
that my strength will admit of it, but my mind
is centred in that which brings into perfect ac-
quiescence. There is nothing in the world worth
beingenjoyedout of the Divine will, that brings
us into a state of existence, and it is for a pur-
pose of his glory, and if we have answered the
purpose He has an undoubted right to dispose
of us as He pleases. When my mind is capable
of deriving satisfaction from anything outward,
it is an inexpressible satisfaction to me that my
lot is cast here, and that I am surrounded by
such near and dear friends, both from within
the family and those who have accompanied
me."
Second-day, 18th, he expressed that nature
had a hard struggle, and that his getting through
was very doubtful ; gave directions, if he should
go home , everything about his interment, it
should be plain and simple ; said that He who
raised up Lazarus could, if He had further labor
for him to do, break his bonds asunder, but that
when he had reasoned with nature, it seemed
as if he was gradually advancing towards his
everlasting home. He expressed his entire resig-
nation to Divine disposal, and that he found
nothing to stand between him and the Fountain
of Everlasting Love.
Third-day he remarked the efforts to support
nature failing, said, " There are many resources
in nature, but if the great Author of Nature
does not think fit that any of them should be
for me, all is well. I have no fear, for perfect
love casteth out all fear ; he that feareth is not
perfect in love."
Fourth-day morning he supplicated thus,
" Lord, my God, Thou that hast been with me
from my youth to this day, if a man who hath
endured, with a degree of patience, the various
turnings of thy holy hand, may be permitted to
supplicate thy Name, Thou who hast wrought
deliverance for Jacob, evince that thou art able
to break my bonds asunder and show forth thy
salvation, that so my soul may magnify thy
Name forever and ever !" And after a pause,
wherein he seemed to feel the earnest of his pe-
tition, added, " ' So be it,' saith my soul," and
calling a person to him, he said, "Attend to that
which leads to settlement, guarding against the
right hand or the left. Be not over anxious for
illumination, nor give way overmuch to depres-
sion."
His stomach refusing nourishment, he said,
" Do not force nature. Let me pass quietly
away to the eternal inheritance, to which I have
no objection to go, and the sooner the better if
the work be done. I have no wish to lay here.
It is a tremendous state I am in, as to bodily
feelings, though the mind is quiet. I am wait-
ing patiently to see the salvation of God. Do
you wait patiently with me. I have no desire,
nor the shadow of a desire, to be restored. I
hope the doctors will soon find out that they
have done their part."
Fifth-day. — " You have seen the awful pro-
gress of this disorder. As to me, it matters
little, only present pain. May the Lord release
me shortly. You may tell my friends in New
England and every part of the world that never
did my soul bless the Lord on account of any
worldly enjoyment a.s I do in the blessings felt
by me, in the prospect of a very speedy release.
I do not wish hastily to make my escape, but
if the Lord will be pleased to cut the work short,
considerably short, in righteousnes.s I think I
shall be willing to enroll it on the list of his
unspeakable favors."
At another time he said, "Some of my wishes
for mj'self are centered in as speedy a release
as may be consistent with the will of our Heav-
enly Father, and an admiasion which I have
no doubt at all of obtaining into that glorious
kingdom where the wicked cease from troubling
and the weary soul is eternally at rest.
"I think I have not for seven years past
known much or anything of boasting. I have
known something of that law of grace whereby
all boasting is entirely excluded, but I may
say, through that which has supported me un-
der all my trials, to you, my beloved friends,
as dear children, follow me, as I have endeav-
ored to follow Christ Jesus, the Lord of Life
and Glory and the Kock of my eternal salva-
tion. It would be painful to me to have to
return again to combat the trials and conflicts
of mortality, but if the Lord should see meet to
continue me a while longer I must submit, after
having, in humility and resignation, put up my
intercessions to be released from the struggles
of nature. I feel, and wish you to feel for and
with me, after the eternal Rock of Life and
Salvation, for, as we are established therein, we
shall be in the everlasting unity which cannot
be shaken by all the changes of time, nor inter-
rupted in a never-ending eternity." In a while
he said, " I must not expect a release but by
suffering a due portion of pain and distress.
You may feel sympathy with me, but you can-
not feel the reduction which must precede a
release."
About one o'clock on Sixth-day morning, after
great uneasiness and getting little or no rest, he
said, "Oh, Lord, if it be consistent with thy
holy will, let loose my bonds, and send the mo-
ment of a release to my poor body and soul."
Afterwards he said, " We cannot approve or
disapprove bj' parts the works of Omnipotence.
We must approve the whole, and say, 'Thy
will be done' in all things." From one to three
he was restless from, as he said, the extreme ir-
ritability of the whole nervous system. About
four he .«eemed in great agony, turning his head
frequently on the pillow, and said, but "Can
it be on any other ground than that the time
is come, that the purpose must be effected."
Calling the physician, he said, " Make great al-
lowance for me, my distress is nearly as much
as is supportable by human nature. Is there
no possibility of getting any sleep? Oh, the
pain, the inexpressible pain of my lungs 1" Be-
ing told that, from appearance, there was like-
lihood of his being released, perhaps in an hour
or two, he replied, " If so, the Lord's name be
blessed and praised forever, I had much rather
it was so than otherwise, for some time I have
perceived it hastening fast. The desire of my
heart is the blessing of time and the consolation
of eternity." In a while, calling his friends to him,
he said, " The way is open for all, for all 1 The
way is open for ail I" About five, he seemed to
wrestle with death, struggled little, considering
his remaining bodily strength, so, drawing his
366
THE FRIEND.
Sixth Mo. 5,
breath shorter and shorter, until seven o'clock,
after which he breathed no more in these re-
gions of pain and distress, but ascended with
joy to his heavenly mansions of glory and an
incorruptible inheritance with the saints in
light.
I have sent thee these as the most material
part of the fragments collected from the lips
aud the experience of the dying saint who ex-
hibited to us a rare instance of a triumphant
exit, having braved death with the same forti-
tude that he often opposed the combined powers
of hell and the grave. I have scribbled it in a
hurry, being unwilling to defer the information
thou wishes to hear, respecting the dear de-
parted, expecting that the same recital may in-
clude a confirmation of sorrow as well as con-
solation, in which I desire to unite with thee
and all the living in the varied sensations, and
am, with sentiments of love, though personally
unknown, thy aflectionate friend,
Abraham Shackleton,
Ballitore, thirty-first of Eleventh Month, 1793.
A City without Saloons.
BY FRANK FOXCROFT.
On the first day of May, with children's fes-
tivals, public meetings and religious services,
the people of Cambridge, Mass., held a unique
jubilee.
The day marked the completion of ten full
years without a licensed saloon. In December,
1886, acting under the Local Option Law, which
submits this question to the people at each city
election, Cambridge voted not to allow the li-
censing of saloons. At ten successive elections
since, this decision has been reaffirmed ; and as
the license year begins May 1st, that date this
year marked the completion of the first decade
of closed saloons.
Cambridge is a city of eighty-five thousand
people. Cities of equal size, in some gust of
popular indignation, have been carried against
the saloons. Worcester, Lowell, Fall River and
Atlanta, Ga., are instances of such cities. But
the gust of indignation has always speut itself.
No other city of equal size has ever been carried
for " No-license" in two years in succession.
That which makes the position of Cambridge
unique is that the No-license policy has pre-
vailed there at eleven successive elections.
What has brought about this condition of
things in Cambridge? And what are the prac-
tical workings of ten years of closed saloons
which are thought worth commemorating by a
public jubilee? These are questions which I
shall endeavor briefly to answer.
Prior to 1886, Cambridge had voted fijr five
years, from the passage of the local option law,
forLicen.se. With her accustomed conservatism,
she fully tested that system before undertaking
a change. The saloons became every year more
arrogant. They were contemptuous of the law.
Their influence was dominant at the City Hall.
In 188.5, the vote against License which bad
been cast rather as a protest than with any ex-
pectation of practical results, increased ominous-
ly and the license majority of eleven hundred
the year before was cut down one half. In the
summer of 1886, two things happened which set
people to thinking more than before upon the
question. There were two saloon murders, in
one of which the saloon keeper was the mur-
derer. Then the board of aldermen afi'ronted
public sentiment by licensing a saloon on Kirk-
land Street, near Harvard University, in one of
the best residential districts.
When the campaign approached, a public
eeting was called at which a Citizens' No-li-
cense Committee was appointed, representing
each ward. Each year since the same com-
mittee has been reappointed, with some changes
or enlargements; and each year a Ministers'
Committee has co-operated. The Citizens' Com-
mittee has conducted the political campaign ;
the Ministers' Committee has arranged meetings
in the churches.
In 1886 none of the four local papers were
in sympathy with the movement. The Citizens'
Committee immediately started a paper of its
own, called the Frozen Truth, which was sent
by mail to all the names on the voting list-
eleven or twelve thousand in all. The contents
of the paper were as described in the title. The
paper did not touch the general question of
temperance but printed information as to what
was being done in Cambridge. It gave a list
of saloon keepers and their bondsmen; and it
gave a map showing how the aldermen had
planted saloons all around the schoolhouses.
This plain speaking aroused attention. When
election day came there was a majority of five
hundred and sixty-six for No-license.
The leaders in the movement were wise enough
to see that this was not the end of the fight,
but the beginning. They proceeded promptly
to organize a Law Enforcement Association
with more than a thousand members, not to
make prosecutions but to strengthen and aid
the authorities in enforcing the law. In place
of the customary presure on the side of How-
not-to-do it, the Association substituted a strong
and wholesome pressure on the side of How-to-
do-it.
The liquor saloons did not close. They ex-
pected to reverse the result the next December,
and to bridge over somehow the interval be-
tween May and December. The nest campaign
was a spirited one. Experienced political cam-
paigners declared that no political party had
ever done more thorough work than was done
by the No-license committee. It opened head-
quarters, and employed clerks and canvassers.
It made a complete house-to house canvass of
the voters. It ran barges to carry its voters to
be registered. It naturalized voters. It printed
and distributed two numbers ot the Frozen Truth,
together with various rallying circulars. It
manned every polling place with workers and
carriages. The remarkable result was that the
total vote was nearly three thousand larger than
the preceding year, but the increase was split
exactly in two and the majority for No-license
was the same as before. Ttie local saloons in-
terests, liberally supported as they were by the
wholesale and brewing interests of Boston, were
handsomely beaten in a desperate fight which
they had made for existence. They had fire-
works in readiness for their expected victory ;
but instead, the church bells were rung.
Several general principles have been kept in
mind in all of the campaigns. There has been
no confusion of the main issue with anything
else. As a committee the No-license organiza-
tion has had nothing to do with parties or can-
didates. There has beeu no waste of strength
in idle controversies. The No-license workers
have expended none of their ammunition on
each other. There has been no vituperation.
People who did not approve of No-license were
not called names, but were invited to study the
results of the system. There has been no atten-
tion paid to political differences. Republicans,
Democrats, Prohibitionists and Independents
have worked together harmoniously. Nor has
there been any regard to religious differences
Two-thirds of the committee, perhaps, are Prot
estants; the others are Catholics. But all hav(
worked together. Catholic priests and Protes
tant clergymen sit on the same platform ; thf
annual ministers' appeal for No-license is writ
ten by a Catholic priest and signed by ever}
Protestant pastor in the city, and by nine priest;
representing four out of five of the Catholic
parishes. The platform is made broad enough
to hold every man of whatever faith or politic;
or general theories or personal practice in tht
matter of temperance, who simply does not waoi
the saloon back in Cambridge.
But the chief reason for the continuance anc
growth of No-license sentiment in Cambridg(
is the demonstrated advantage of the system
There were the usual objections at the begin-
ning ; that the city could not aff jrd to do with
out tlie license fees; that as much liquor woulc
be sold under No-license as under License ; thai
local trade would suffer, and that the law could
not be enforced. Every one of these objections
has been refuted by experience. If all moral
considerations are ruled out, it is possible tc
prove the advantage of No-license in Cambridge
on the hard basis of dollars and cents. For ten
years, up to 1886, Cambridge was under License
half of the time under a general law and half o)
the time under local option. Here is a chance
to compare ten years of License with ten years
of No-license. Let us see what the figures are.
From 1876 to 1886 the valuation of Cambridge
dropped from $62,000,000 in round numbers tc
$59,000,000. In the next ten years it rose to
183,000,000. Here is a loss of $3,000,000 iii
the License decade, and a gain of $24,000,000
in the No-license decade. If this fact stood;
alone it would be highly significant ; but it does ;
not stand alone. In the ten License years the
average annual gain in population was one
thousand one hundred and eighty-two; in the
ten No-license years it has been two thousand
one hundred and ninety-five. In the first de-
cade there were one hundred aud fifty-one new
houses built anaually ; the average the second
decade has been three hundred and thirty-two.
The city gets annually in taxes on the in-
creased valuation of the city under No-license'
three or four times as much as it would get from
license fees, if it called the saloons back.
During the ten years of License the Cam-
bridge savings banks made a net gain of $155,-
333 each year in deposits. During the ten No-
license years the annual net gain has been $366,-
654. This gain, as an analysis of the returns
shows, has been chiefly in small deposits of fifty
dollars or less. In East Cambridge, the prin-;
cipal manufacturing section of the city, the de-
posits last year were four times as large as in
the last year of License.
The anticipated injury to local trade has not
been experienced, although Boston with all its
stores is only a bridge-length away. Two years'
ago two hundred and fifty seven merchants, in
all departments of business, signed a public ap-
peal declaring that No-license had benefited the
material interests of the city, and expressing a
hope for its continuance.
As to the effect upon the public order: the
Chief of Police and the three police captains:
agree in bearing witness to the improved con-'
dition of the streets, and the falling off in drunk- i
enness. The chief states that seventy-five per
cent, of the arrests for drunkenness are made
on the bridges or the street cars, and are of
persons who bought their liquor in Boston.
We had last June a celebration of the fiftieth
MXth Mo. ;-,, 1897
THE FRIEND.
3C7
anniversary of the incorporation of Cambridge
as a city. The finest feature of that celebration
was not the brilliant trades display, nor the di-
vision made up of the Harvard boys, nor the
parade of the Manual Training School, nor the
fathering together of seven thousand school
children ; it was the spectacle of eighty-five
:housand people keeping holiday, and from sun-
rise to sunset not a drunken man visible any-
ivhere.
This is why the supplemental celebration just
aeld seemed appropriate; as an expression of
>ratitude to Almighty God, and as a testimony
;o the world of what may be done in suppressing
the saloon evil, even in cities of considerable
3opulation, when the movement in that direction
's characterized by resolute purpose and a sanc-
tified common sense.- — The Independent.
[ Selected.
Askhg in his Name.
Jesus says over and over again to his disciples,
['Whatsoever ye shall ask in my name, that will
I do;" "If ye shall ask me anything in my
name, that will I do;" "If ye shall ask any-
thing of the Father, He will give it you in my
oame ;" " In that day ye shall ask in my name :
ind I say not unto you, that I will pray the
Father for you ; for the Father himself loveth
rou, because ye have loved me, and have be-
ieved that I came forth from the Father."
What does all -this mean? What is it to ask
n the name of Jesus? Is it, as many Christians
ieem to believe, to conclude a prayer with the
•et formula, "All which we ask in the name of
lesus?" Or is it something more than this?
The "name" in primitive thought stands for
he person bearing that name ; it is, in a sense,
he person himself; while in our modern and
Western thought a " name" is often deemed
'ittle more than a label attached to a person,
'n order to distinguish him from other persons.
Fo know another's name, to have a right to
lear that name, to speak and act in that name,
s, in primitive thought, to be a sharer of that
jerson's life,— by birth, by marriage, or by cove-
lant adoption,— and so to be, in a peculiar sense,
I representative of that person. A son bearing
lis father's name stands for that father, and
•ightly expects to be received with the respect
lue to his father. A member of a family or of
I tribe is recognized as worthy of the position
md honor due to that tribe or family. A sol-
lier of a commander, or a servant of a ruler,
;oming with a message from his master, does
lot stand merely on his personal worth, but
m the reputation of him whom he represents.
Hence to ask, or to come, in the name of an-
ither, is, as an Oriental would understand it,
ind as the Bible would state it, to be a repre-
entative of the one whose name is thus borne.
So, in this matter of coming in the name of
resiis, and of asking in the name of Jesus, it
s not the saying over that name, but the re-
)resentingof that which that name represents,
vhich brings a petitioner within the scope of
he specific promises of Jesus. There were those
n the days of the apostles who thought, as
nany Christians now seem to think, that the
laving power from God was a result of saying
iver the name of Jesus, as if it were a magical
brmula. And persons of this sort " took upon
hem to name over them which had the evil
pirits the name of the Lord Jesus, saying, I
idjure you by Jesus, whom Paul preacheth."
But being thus adjured, in one instance, "the
vil spirit answered, and said unto them, Jesus
know, and Paul I know; but who are ye?" I
and harm came not to the evil spirit, but to
those who took the name of Jesus. On the
other hand, those who had the spirit of Jesu.s,
and were sharers in his nature, lived, and acted,
and spoke, and thought, in his name, and had
acceptance with, and power from God continu-
ally. And those who were thus in his name,
were loved for his name, or were hated for his
name, by those about them. So it is to-day with
all who live in the name of Jesus. — S. S. Timen.
Filthy rags must be torn into bits, ground
to a pulpy mass, acted upon by various chemi-
cals and washed many times before they are
converted into the pure white paper which is so
useful to man ; how much paper-making resem-
bles the Divine discipline, consisting of trials,
temptations, and tribulations, through which
sin-dyed souls must pass ere they are fit to join
that company clad in robes washed white in the
blood of the Lamb. — Herald of Truth.
Items.
— A part of the proceedings of our late Yearly
Meeting was the reading of interesting memorials
for our deceased friends Eebecca S. Conard and
Clarkson Sheppard. They have been printed and
may be obtained at the Bookstore, No. 304 Anh
Street, Philadelphia ; price, five cents each. We
would encourage our readers to procure copies for
their own use, and to hand to others to whom they
might be useful.
The general or circular epistle adopted at our
Yearly Meeting, has also been printed, and copies
will be given, at the same place, to those who may
apply for it. Copies have been sent to London
Yearly Meeting, and to the meeting whose annual
sessions are held at Fifteenth and Race Sts., Phila.
It was read therein, and it is believed was kindly
received by many. The committee who have charge
of its distribution propose sending it to all the
other bodies under the name of Friends, in season
for their annual sessions; and also to make ar-
rangements for a liberal distribution to private
persons, as way may seem to open.
Yorkshire Quarterly Meeting, England. — The Lon-
don Friend states that this body has forty-one meet-
ings and two thousand five hundred and eighty-
five members. At the meeting held on the twenty-
eighth of Fourth Month, a proposition was intro-
duced from the women's meeting to discontinue
the answering of the Queries, excepting to report
whether meetings for worship were regularly held.
The proposition was adopted, and directed to be
forwarded to London (we suppose to the Yearly
Meeting). This change seems to us an additional
step in the direction in which our English brethren
have been moving for some time, i. e., of substitut-
ing attention to outside matters for thee.xaniination
into their own spiritual condition which in former
days was a prominent part of the concern and busi-
ness of their meetings. We fear tlie effect of such
changes will not be for the good of the Society.
— The Governor of the British possessions in
Western Africa, known as the Niger territories,
has issued a decree abolishing slavery in those
vast domains, on and after the nineteenth dav of
the Sixth Month, 1897.
THE FRIEND.
?IXTH MONTH
There was, perhaps, no error which the early
members of the Society of Friends more earn-
estly opposed than that delusion which leads
men to believe that they can be saved through
the merits and sufferings of the Blessed Son of
God, our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ, with-
out experiencing the cleansing work of his Spirit
in the heart. They rejected the doctrine, that
the all-seeing and unchangeable God would con-
bider any as holy who were not practically
made so by the cHectual working of hi.s power;
or that He would impute any righteousnesa to
them other or further than He had first clothed
them with, through their submission and co-
ojiiration with his own Divine Grace. Their
testimony was in accordance with that of the
Apostle : " But ye are washed, ye are sanctified,
ye are justified, in the name of the L<jrd Jesus,
and by the Spirit of our God."
George Fox, in his reply to Philip Taverner,
says : " So far as a man is sanctified, .so far is he
justified, and no farther; for the same that sanc-
tifies a man justifies him ; for the same that ia
his sanctification, is his justification, and \m
wisdom, and his redemption ; he that knows one
of them, knows all ; he that doth not feel one of
them, feels none of them at all."*
Robert Barclay, in Prop. 7, of his Apology,
has this passage: " Let not any deceive them-
selves, so as to foster themselves in a vain hope
and confidence, that by the death and sufferings
of Christ they are justifieil so long as sin lies at
their door, iniquity prevails, and they remain
yet unrenewed and unregenerate, lest it be said
unto them, J know you not. Let that saying of
Christ be remembered, ' Not every one that
sayeth, Lord, Lord, shall enter, but he that
doeth the will of my Father.' To which let
these excellent sayings of the beloved disciple
be added : ' Little children, let no man deceive
you ; he that doeth righteousness is righteous,
even as he is righteous. He that committeth
sin is of the devil ; because if our heart condemn
us, God is greater than our heart, and knoweth
all things.' "
Isaac Penington, in " A Salutation of Love
and Goodwill" (Works, vol. 2, p. oo'lj, thus
counsels those to whom he was writing : " There
is no way of avoiding the eternal insupportable
wrath of God but by travelling out of that
nature, spirit and course which it is to. Him
that sowed to sin and corruption under the law,
the sacrifices would not save then ; nor him
that soweth to sin and corruption under the
Gospel, the sacrifice of Christ will not save now,
but he that is saved by Christ must be sancti-
fied and redeemed from sin and corruption by
Him ; which Christ worketh by his principle of
life sown in the heart."
The main bent of the ministry and writings
of these Divinely enlightened men was to turn
the attention of the peoide to ihe practicnl work
of salvation, by close attention, obedience to,
and co-operation with the Light or Spirit of
Christ in the heart, as God's gift for man's sal-
vation, through which redemption was to be
experienced from the power of sin and partici-
pation known in the forgiveness of past iniqui-
ties through the merits of the Saviour.
They were accused by many of want of faith
in the atoning efficacy of the offering of our
Saviour for the sins of mankind ; but this charge
their writings abundantly refute. Of the mul-
titude of extracts that might he produced from
our ancient writings, showing the sincerity of
their belief in this doctrine, it may be sufficient
here to quote the following from Isaac Pening-
ton.
" God himself, who knew what virtue was in
the inward, yet hath pleased to make use of the
outward ; and who may contradict or slight his
wisdom and counsel therein. Glorious was the
appearance and manifestation of his Son in the
flesh ; precious his subjugation and holy obedi-
* Works, Phila. ed. of 1S31, vol. 3, p. 450.
368
THE FRIEND.
ence to his Father ; his giving himself up to
death for sinners was of great esteem in his eye !
It was a spotless sacrifice of great value, and
effectual for the remission of sins; and I do ac-
knowledge humbly unto the Lord the remission
of my sins thereby, and bless the Lord for it ;
even for giving up his Son to death for us all,
and giving all that believe in his name and
power to partake of remission through Him
(Works, vol. 3, p. 380).
We believe there is need of caution at the
present day, that none may be led into error
through dwelling on certain aspects of truth,
and neglecting other views equally sound and
essential. The attention of people may be di-
rected to the atoning sacrifice of our Saviour
as the ground of our acceptance with God ; and
this may be so presented to their view, that they
may gradually be persuaded, that nothing more
is needed to secure their salvation than to be-
lieve in the truth of the Scripture records re-
specting it, and to apply it to themselves by an
act of their own imagination. Others, seeing
the insecure ground on which such are building,
may exalt the testimony to the practical nature
of redemption by the work of Grace in the
heart, and yet undervalue the atonement of our
Saviour. In such cases we believe there is a
want of that faith which accepts the Divine
revelations in simple acquiescence ; these per-
sons are apt to lean to their own understanding
and reason, and to place their dependence in
measure on the deductions of their own mental
powers. To these the caution of I. Penington
is very applicable — "God himself, who knew
what virtue was in the inward, yet hath pleased
to make use of the outward ; and who may con-
tradict or slight his wisdom and counsel there-
in ?"
Much of the controversy among Christian
professors on subjects of doctrine arises from the
indulgence in speculative notions about relig-
ious truth, which are not the plain testimony of
Scripture, or the result of living experience of
the work of God in the soul. However satis-
factory these may be to their inventor, they
carry no sufficient evidence of their truth to the
minds of others ; and may be as far astray from
any true conception of the reality, as the specu-
lations of a blind man as to the nature of light
fall short of the vivid effect of a beautiful land-
scape on a healthy eye. Some who have in-
dulged in such speculations on mysterious points
have involved themselves in a labyrinth of error,
and gone farther and farther astray, till finally
they have denied the truth of doctrines that in
better days they believed and cherished. Seek-
ing to be wise above what is written, they have
become darkened in their imaginations.
We greatly desire for the members of our be-
loved Society that they may be preserved from all
the snares of the devil, and opening their hearts
in simple and fai_thful obedience to the Light of
Christ which shines therein, they may be led in
the way of salvation from one degree of religious
experience to another; that they may abound
in faith, love, humility and every grace; their
dependence being placed not on anything they
can do of themselves, but on the work of Christ
in their hearts, and on his offering without them.
SUM.MARY OF EVENTS.
United States. — The sub-committee of the Uniteil
Slates Senate Committee on Foreign Relations, which
ha-s been inve.'-tigating,in connection with the Alaskan
boundary treaty, the question raised at the last meet-
ing of the full committee as to the effect of accepting
Mt. St. Eli.is as a part of the boundary marked by the
141st meredian, has practically completed its work.
The committee is of the opinion, after (he inquiry,
that the provision in regard to Mt. St. Elias is not a
serious matter, but, as a precautionary measure, they
will recommend that the treaty be amended so as to
declare specifically that the acceptance of the peak as
a boundary mark in determining the 141st meridian
shall not be construed as a concession of any territory
which the United States may claim under its purchase
from Russia along the sea-coast. It is believed that
this amendment will have the effect of preserving all
the rights of this country and at the same time retain-
ing the mountain .is a landmark, which is very de-
sirable.
On the 31st ult., .Judge Simonton, of the U. S. Cir-
cuit Court, at Charleston, has tiled a decision in the
case of the Vandercook Company against the Slate of
South Carolina, restraining the State from preventing
the sale of liquors brought into the State. This de-
cision, if sustained on appeal, it is claimed, will have
the effect of rendering nugatory the State Dispensary
The Governor of South Carolina has appointed
Congressman John L. McLaurin to be United States
Senator to succeed the late Senator Earle.
Presiding Justice Corsen, of the South Dakota Su-
preme Court, has handed down an opinion sustaining
the legality of the amendment repealing prohibition
in that State.
A few goldfish were placed in a creek in Forest
Lawn Cemetery, Buffalo, several years ago, and now
the Niagara River, into which the creek empties, is
said to be swarming with the fish.
Buffalo Calf, the aged Chief of the Quapaws, died
of pneumonia on the 26th ult., at the Quapaw Agency,
in the Northern part of Indian Territory. He was
the last of the Quapaw chiefs.
A slight earthquake occurred on the afternoon of
the 31st ult., the vibration lasting about five minutes,
the motion being from north to south. It was felt
from Washington, D. C, south to Georgia, and in
Ohio, Indiana, Kentucky and Tennessee. South-west-
ern Pennsylvania was also slightly shaken.
A Santa Fi despatch says that Rio Grande flood
waters have inundated a part of the town of Socorro,
including the Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe R. R.
yards, and scores of farms and orchards are under
from two to three feet of water. Tlie damage will be
many thousands of dollars to the fruit trees and crops.
About 2,.500 persons were driven from their homes
in El Paso, Texas, by last week's rise in the Rio
Grande. The most serious effect of the flood, how-
ever, is the shifting of the course of the river, by
which it is feared about fifty blocks of the city will be
transferred to the Mexican side.
Deaths in this city last week were 428, being 15
more than the previous week, and 2 more than the cor-
responding week of last year. Of the foregoing, 205
were males and 223 females : 43 died of heart disease ;
42 of pneumonia; 39 of consumption ; 26 of diphtheria;
16 of convulsions ; 16 of nephritis; 16 of typhoid fever;
15 of cancer; 14 of apoplexy; 13 of infl>tmmation of
the brain; 13 of scarlet fever; 11 of old age; 10 of
inflammation of the stomach and bowels; 9 of Bright's
disease, and 9 from casualties.
Markets, dcc—V. S. 2's, 96 a 98 ; 4's, reg.. Ill a IIU ;
coupon, 112J a 113; new 4's, reg., 123 a 123.!; 5's, 113J
a 113|; currency 6's, 104 a 107.
Cotton was quiet and steady, middling uplands be-
ing otEcially quoted at 8c. per pound.
Feed.— Spot bran, $12.50 to $13.00 per ton fi)r win-
ter in bulk, and $11.00 a $12.00 for spring in sacks.
Flour.— Winter super, $2.75 a $2.90; do., extras,
$3.00 a $3.25; Pennsylvania roller, clear, $3.90 a $4.10;
do., do., straight, $4.10 a$4.25 ; Western winter, clear,
$3 90 a $4.10; do., do., straight, $4.10 a $4.25; do.,
do., patent, $4.30 a $4.50 ; spring, clear, $3.40 a $3.65 ;
do., straight, $3.75 a $4.00 ; do., patent, $3.95 a $4.15 ;
do., favorite brands, higher. City mills, extra, $3.25
a $3.50; do., clear, $4.25 a $4.35; do., straight, $4.35
a $4,50 ; do., patent, $4.50 a $4.70. Rye Flour.—
$2.25 a $2.50 per bbl. as to quality.
Grain.— No. 2 red wheat, 80 a 80}c.
No. 2 mixed corn, 2Si a 28Jc.
No. 2 white oats, 25i a 26c.
Beef Cattle.— Extra, 5 a 5ic.; good, 4| a 4Jc.;
medium, 4} a 4Jc.; common, 4 a 4Jc.
Sheep AND Lambs.— Extra, 4J a 4Jc.; good, 3if a 4c.;
medium, 3^ a 3.Jc.; common, 2.! a 3c.;"lambs, 3.i a 5ic. ;
spring lambs, $3.00 a $4.50.
Hous.— Western, 5| a 5Jc.; State, 5c.
Foreign.— The annual meeting of the National
Bimetallic League in Paris on the 28th of last month,
was attended by 400 delegates. The report read set
forth that the leading event of the year was the elec-
tion of President McKinley, which gave great satis
faction to bimetallists. Premier Meliue siid Franci
would support the efforts of the United States for th
success of a great cause.
The Powers, including Turkey, have, it is said, as
sented to the appointment of Prince Francis Joseph
of Baltenberg, as Governor General of Crete.
The Sultau has agreed to a renewal of the armistic
for a fortnight, beginning Fifth Month 30th.
Great Britain will abandon the concert of the Pow
ers if it is decided that the occupation of Thes^aly b\
Turkish troops shall be prolonged until Greece pav
the war indemnity.
It is said Russia has informed the Sultan that h'
must renounce his impossible claim to annex Thes
saly, and that Europe would not permit a renewal o
the war with Greece.
King George, it is stated, has asked Emperor Nicho
las to intervene on behalf of Greece.
Austrians spent 93,205,869 florins on tobacco in al
forms last year. The most popular form was " drami
cigarettes," at a quarter of a cent each, of which m
less than 1,109,000,000 were sold.
The Swedish Storthing committee appointed to in
quire into the question of arbitration proposes to ail
dress King Oscar, declaring that, as Norway, fu
geographical reasons, is little exposed to conflict;
with foreign powers, it should not be diflicult to con
elude treaties and establish a permanent coiirt of ar
bitration in the event of such conflicts. The Storthing
therefore asks the King to take the steps necessar;
to promote the idea.
The Russian railway mileage at the beginning o
1897 amounted to 26,946 miles. In 1896, 1,425 mile
of new railways were put into operation and ],39(
miles were completed, but not yet operated, makiDs
3,615 miles of new construction for the year. Thert
are also 5,525 miles of railway in course of construe
tion by the State and private companies, and man\
new lines have been authorized.
The Novoe Vremya says that the Russian rensii
gives a population for the empire of 127,000,000, ex
elusive of the Grand Duchy of Finland, which take;
its own census. Sim^ other figures have still to b;
added from the uttermost parts of Siberia, as well a
the nomad tribes of the sleppes and the mountaineer
of the Caucasus, where an exceptional snowfall de
layed the work till the spring. The full total is ex
pected not to be under 130,000,000.
Professor Andree, the Arctic b.alloonisf, has lef
Gothenburg, for Spitzbergen, whence he will rene\i
his attempt to reach the North Pole, or rather to pas;
over it, by balloon. He hopes to reach Spitzberget
on the first of Sixth Month, and be ready to start or
the lerial voyage by the twentieth of Sixth Month
five weeks later than last year.
A prospectus has been issued for the new Japanese
lo.in of $21,941,916 at 5 per cent., payable in gold.
Japan, within five mouths after taking possessioi
of Formosa, built two lines of railway, one fifty mile
and one thirty-five miles long.
A dispatch from the City of Mexico says that ;
party of American capitalists have made an extensivi
purchase of coffee and tobacco lands in the States o
Vera Cruz and Oaxaca.
NOTICES.
Westtotvn Boarding School. — For convenieno
of persons coming to Westtown School, the stage wil
meet trains leaving Philadelphia 7.17 and 8.46 a. m
and 2.53 and 4.32 p. m. Other trains are met whei
requested. Stage fare on regular trips, fifteen cent;
on special trips, twenty-five cents each way. To reaci
the school by telegraph, wire West Chester Phone 8f
Edward G. Smedley, Sup'l.
Westtown Boarding School. — Applications fo
the admission of pupils to the school, and letters ii
regard to instruction and discipline should be ad
dressed to William F. Wickersham, Principal.
Payments on account of board and tuition, am
communications in regard to business should be for
warded to Edward G. Smedley, Superintendent.
Addre.ss, Westtown P. O., Chester Co., Pa.
Died, at her residence in Burlington, N. J., on th
eighth of Fourth Month, 1897, Eliza Taylor, in th
seventy-filth year of her age ; a member of Burlingtoi
Monthly Meeting of Friends.
THE FRIEND.
A Religious and Literary JournaL
W'
VOL. LXX.
SEVENTH-DAY, SIXTH MONTH 12, 1897.
No. 47.
PUBLISHED WEEKLY.
Price, if paid in advance, $2.00 per annum.
QuibscTipiions, payments and busitiess communications
received by
Edwin P. Sellew, Publisher,
No. 207 Walndt Place,
(South from Walnut Street, between Third and Fourth,)
PHILADELPHIA.
Articles designed for insertion to be addressed to
JOSEPH WALTON,
MOOBESTOWN, BUBLIN&TON Co., N. J.
Entered as second-class /natter at Philadelphia P. O.
Richard Esterbrook.
(Continued from page .Ml.)
At Select Yearly Meeting ou Fourth-day
Fourth Mo. 21st, "1880), Richard Esterbrook
jlivered a very weighty and important testi-
lony ou the true ground of religious services,
[I which he expressed his conviction that un-
'lilionzed religious labors were at the root of
le difficulties in our Society.
The true ministry and the right knowledge of
•ivine things arose from the unfoldings of the
pirit of Christ, made from time to time in the
regress of our religious experience, which was
■le school of Christ. It came from the Lord ;
lit there was another kind of ministry and of
nowledge which came from man. Much of it
as the product of the intellect, as applied to
16 study of the Bible. It was substantially on
16 same basis as the ministry of other religious
jnorainatious, and there was no line of dis-
nction that could be drawn in such a course
-no stopping-point short of the establishment
'schools and colleges expressly designed for the
aining of persons for the ministry of the Gospel.
He dwelt also on the hurtful effects of per-
itting such ministers to go on year after year
iwing mixed seed among the young, which
ouhl produce evil fruits, and referred to his
Dservation of the effects produced by this cause
[ a large meeting in England.
In a memorandum respecting Philadelphia
early Meeting of 1884, I find the following :
To my mind the most impressive of the vocal
)mmunications was that delivered on Fourth-
ly morning, by our dear Friend, Richard Es-
Tbrook, who stated that the doctrines and tes-
monies of Friends were not the result of any
rearrangement, or human contrivance or agree-
lent among men, but that, when our early
lembers were convinced of the Divine char-
3ter of the manifestations of the Spirit in the
eart, and were turned to this as a Leader and
ruide, they were by it led into the principles
ley adopted, and the practices which distin-
uished them. These revelations of the Father,
irough his Son, have been and ever will be,
le Rock on which the Church is founded ; and
0 man can grow in grace but as he submits
imself to their guidance.
" As our younger Friends come into this obe-
dience of faith, they will be led to walk in the
footsteps of their forefathers in the Truth, and
be taught the same doctrines."
1883. — Sixth Month L3th. — As I was riding
to Evesham to Select Quarterly Meeting, in
company with my dear friend, R. E., he spoke
of a conversation he once had with John Allen,
an elder of his meeting, whom he highly es-
teemed, but from whom he differed in judgment
as to the course to be pursued in reference to
the separation in Ohio Yearly Meeting. John
expressed his sorrow that Richard was not fully
in unity with his own Yearly Meeting [Lon-
don]. Richard replied in substance that a man
could not change his opinions like he could his
clothes. It was not a matter of choice with
him, but of conviction. The views he held had
grown up in him.
In our further conversation, reference was
made to a member of one of the larger bodies of
the Western Yearly Meetings, whose doctrinal
views seemed to be souud. R. E. feared that
but little help would be received from him in
the controversies which are now agitating our
Society. He thought no man was prepared to
be of much service in the Church, until he was
ready to be sacrificed for his convictions.
" Camden, Twelfth Month 9th, 1879.
" My Dear Friend, Rebecca Mc Col/in : —
" Having thee in remembrance this morning
in a feeling of lively sympathy, I was much in-
clined to call upon thee under its comforting
influence. I have had a trying headache most
of the day, so as to feel that I could not well
make the attempt at this time, and thought I
might send thee a few lines to assure thee of
my love and my warm desire for thy encour-
agement in the midst of bodily infirmity and its
depressing effects sometimes. He whom it has
been our desire above all other things to love
and serve, will, I humbly yet firmly believe, con-
tinue to be with his truly dependent children,
through all the dispensations He appoints for
them. He will be their strength, the Lifter up
of their head's, at seasons, in renewing and re-
viving hope, and their great salvation. The
fresh sense of the.se things having come before
me, thou wert brought near to my spirit in such
a way that I felt as if drawn to send thee this
little salutation. Those who are preserved alive
in the Truth have much to feel, and feeling is
an evidence of life, and have to share in the
cup of suffering, and it is indeed a blessed and
precious experience — but these provings prepare
them to partake of those consolations which also
abound, and the God of all Grace who hath called
us unto his eternal glory by Christ Jesus, after
we have rightly endured and suffered, will more
and more establish, strengthen and settle us, to
whom be glory in the Church throughout all
ages, world without end. Thy dear sister shares
in my tender sympathy with her in her prov-
ings, and the continued sense of her great loss,
and in love to you both,
" I reniain thy affectionate friend,
" R. Esterbrook."
"Camdk.v, N.J., Nintli Month, 18H2.
"IIeniiv p. Hf.dgrs.
" My Dear and Valued Friend: — I send here-
with a few books for thy acceptance, with the
design of enabling thee to obtain a correct view
of the origin of the religious Society of which
I am a member, and of its distinguishing doc-
trines and testimonies. It has been saiil that
a society is only valu;ible for that by which it
is distinguishable — that being the reason for
and justification of a separate organization. As
respects ourselves as individuals, and our per-
sonal experience of the salvation of God through
Jesus Christ, I thankfully believe that what is
essential to this end will not be withheld from
the sincere hearted seeker, for the same L rd
over all is rich unto all that call upon Him —
unto all that call upon Him in truth — that is,
in humble sincerity, whose tender mercies are
over all his works. My little intercourse with
thee, dear friend, has been very pleasant to me.
I can hail thee as a fellow-traveller towards the
rest and the kingdom of God. May we be ani-
mated to pres.s forward in the heavenly race,
laying aside every weight, and every hindering
besetmeut, looking for the strength which we
need, unto Jesus, the Author of our faith.
" There are many trials to be met with here
below, and there are many spiritual conflicts to
be passed through in the Christian warfare, and
tribulation worketh patience, and patience ex-
perience, and experience hope, and hope maketh
not ashamed because of the love of God which
is shed abroad in our hearts by the Holy Ghost
which is given unto us — wherefore, said the
apostle, ' we glory in tribulations also.'
" Please remember me very kindly to the
members of thy family, and with affectionate
regard for thee, I remain thy friend and brother,
" R. Esterbrook."
"P. S. — I commend my son, who is now thy
near neighbor, to thy kind care and oversight
for his good. Good intentions may be strength-
ened by a kindly word sometimes — I know he
has a great regard and respect for thee."
to a young friend in the ministry.
"Second Month, ISSO.
" I feel it to be a serious thing to address
thee, dear Joseph, lest I might write a word
which might tend in any degree to take thee
from under the operation of the Divine hand,
and draw away thy attention from the secret
instruction of the Holy Head and High Priest
of his Church. Since the short conversation we
had at the close of the Quarterly Meeting at
Concord, I have several times had thee in re-
membrance, and have felt unwilling that either
by manner or expression I should have ap-
peared as if wanting in love and tender sym-
pathy for and with thee. I am settled in the
belief that without the stripping and poverty
of spirit, and the baptisms into death and suf-
fering, we cannot have that kind of experience
that qualifies us to rise in newness of life. We
must descend into the depths of Jordan before
we can bring up stones from thence, wherewith
370
THE FRIEND.
Sixth Mo. 12, :
we can of onr own experience build an altar
unto the L<jrd and set up our Ebeuezer. It is
these inward trials and provings that are de-
signed to keep us in our right places and to
enable us to grow from stature to stature in the
Truth. It is the design of these to keep us low
and humble, by letting us see that we are noth-
ing. Paul testified concerning himself and his
brethren in the ministry. We had the sentence
of death in ourselves, that we should not trust
in ourselves, but in God who raiseth the dead,
and this experience is a necessary part of the
equipment of a soldier of Jesus Christ in every
age. Thus it is to me cause of rejoicing when
I behold any who are travelling on tnis road,
and I cannot desire them to be taken out of it
before the Lord's time, that they may know
Him indeed, and the power of his resurrection
and the fellowship of his sufferings.
" When any have been truly brought under
the preparing Hand and endued with a gift for
the ministry, I believe such may leave it in the
hand of the Lord in humble confidence that he
will supply all their needs iu his own time and
way, as they look to Him, and depend upon
Him alone. After seasons of proving, when
they have walked as in darkness and had no
light, He -would again arise for their help, and
they would be enabled to adopt the ancient lan-
guage, ' Now know I that the Lord saveth his
anointed. He will hear him from his holy
heaven with the saving strength of his right
hand.' For want of keeping to this path, and
patiently travelling on to know the Lord there-
in, many have run out into words and hurt
themselves, and burden all who are sufficiently
alive in the Truth to feel rightly.
"'Live without carefulness, and the Lord
will give a right issue,' is a saying which ap-
plies to the ministry when rightly understood.
This is the way to live and to have comfort
and quiet from day to day, and to wash and
anoint in our days of fasting, and to watch in
our days of feasting.
"Thus, my dear friend, have I written what
has presented, which I trust will tend to thy
comfort and encouragement. To be of that
number to whom it is given not only to believe
in Christ, but also to suffer for his name, is
cause indeed for rejoicing to be accounted
worthy. The foundation on which these are
building is a durable one, it is as safe as the
everlasting hills. These rest not upon the fluc-
tuating, uncertain opinions and sentiments of
mortal men, but upon that eternal Rock upon
which the true Church of Christ in all ages has
been built. The inhabitants of this Rock are
qualified at seasons to sing praises to the Lord
for all his mercies, his faithfulness and his
Truth, and they delight to wait for his arising
who hath the Key of David, who openeth and
no man shutteth, and when He shutteth no man
can open, to whom be glory in the Church,
throughout all ages, world without end.
"Thy loving friend, R.E."
(To be continued.)
In one of the sittings of the Yearly Meeting
in London, in 1869, Thomas Peirce bore the
following testimony to the value of the Gospel
labors of James Backhouse in Tasmania: "I
was a Unitarian in faith and by profession. I
was attracted to the Friends' meeting-house iu
Hobart Town by their loving demeanor one
toward another. I heard James Backhouse
preach often ; I was brought unto Christ Jesus,
my Lord and Saviour, through his instrumen-
tality; but not by any argument that I could
have replied to, nor by discussion ; that I was
anxious for. It was by the power of the Holy
Spirit accompanying the plain preaching of
Christ crucified that I was convinced of my
undone condition, and that I was lastingly
brought to Him who had died for me on the
cross ; who forgave me my sins, and in whose
presence there is fulness of joy."
Shortly after bearing this testimony, T. Peirce
was seized with paralysis in one of the meetings,
and never spoke again. His wife became a
valued member of the Society of Friends. —
Taken from the Memoirs of James Backhouse.
Letter from Switzerland.
Pres Neufchatel, 49 Corcelles.
Fifth Month 11th, 1897.
It has been a long while that I have been
writing to this address and receiving replies, so
that we found ourselves wondering, as we came
along last evening, what sort of a place it would
turn out to be. " Very pretty," every one had
said who had been here, but I had never formed
very definite ideas — only of one thing I was
quite sure, that it was on the borders of Lake
Neufchatel, with the Jura Mountains some-
where in the background, and the Mont Blanc
range in the distance, the other side of the lake.
When we wakened this morning, at about five
o'clock, we realized that we were quite high,
and the ground was white with frost. Soon the
scenery became wilder and more beautiful, and
after passing the boundary between France and
Switzerland, we began rapidly to descend. There
were foaming cataracts and deep, narrow val-
leys, with quaint villages, and the mountain
slopes in the highest state of cultivation. Fi-
nally, through a gap iu the mountains, we saw
the lake, lying far below, and a little later, when
turning around the base of the mountain, we
caught a first glimpse of the long, white, snow-
range, with the crowning summit of Mont Blanc.
Not long afterwards we pulled up at the station
of Aurernier, where we were to leave the train.
We had asked the conductor beforehand, and
he had said Corcelles was about ten minutes'
walk from the station, so we had decided to
leave our baggage and hunt up No. 49. We
had not gone many steps before we saw some
one coming towards us, and in a few minutes
we were talking with our hostess to be. But I
cannot express my surprise on finding that the
Jura Mountains rise most abruptly above the
lake, and that, though the little town to which we
were coming may, in a sense, be said to be on
the lake, it is at least five hundred feet above it.
I can give no idea of the magnificence of the
view spread out before and about us. The moun-
tains, some sombre with pines, and others clothed
with a bright, fresh green, the terraced vine-
yards ; the long lake, of which neither end is
visible; with a thousand varying effects of light
and shade ; then the dark mass of hills beyond
with the snow-clad range in the background ;
all this, together with the mountain air and the
mass of flowers at our feet, made it seem doubt-
ful when we would reach our destination. But
we kept on climbing up a narrow path, and
finally, entering into the village, we stopped in
front of an old house with stone steps and a
large pile of wood on either side of the front
door. This was No. 49, so we entered.
We were not long in solving the mysteries of
an old Swiss house. When 1 say, " old," I do
not mean " shabby" — far from it, for nothing
could be more proper, more perfectly in order
than it is. But it was built about two centuries
ago, and has walls nearly three feet thick and
great porcelain protuberances in the rooms, intc
which ( ne puts fire through a door which opens
into a great chimney which is in the passage
way. These old-fashioned stoves are really verj
satisfactory, I believe, and I suppose give out s
great deal of heat. They retain it, of course
much longer than an iron stove would.
I began a very sleepy letter the other even
ing, and as the days pass so rapidly and are S(
full, letter writing has very little show. We an
here very much as in a regular pension — tha
is to say, school — everything goes like clock
work. At seven we have dejeuner, which con
sists of ccffee or chocolate, bread, butter anc
preserves. Our lesson begins at nine. We an
given enough work each time to keep us bus]
the greater part of the day. After the lesson
the morning is put in between reading, study
ing and walking. Dinner is served at twelve
after which I have a lesson of an hour or two
by myself, for reading and relating what I hav(
read. After that we -take another walk. So
with supper at six and retiring at nine or half
past, the time goes without our knowing how oi
where. Of course we study nearly all the time
but every little while we take a wrap and rur
out for the air and a look at the mountains.
Thee cannot imagine how magnificent the}
are and how the scenes change continually
From early morning till late night every mo
ment presents a different view. The effect a
the clouds and the sky, and the light upon thf
lake, ('ffers opportunity for untold effects. Ii
is only two minutes from our front door t(
the edge of the village, on the upper side ; th(
path then goes on very steep to the edge of thf
forest. But we keep turning around every fefl
minutes, and thee can easily imagine theexcla
mations one might hear if they were near by
The lake looks almost like the sea. It is onl)
the snow range on the other side that limits it
and looking down from the edge of the forest
where great branches interlace and form a frara;
as it were, the view is most enchanting. Aftei
crossing the narrow strip of wood there is i
beautiful meadow, shut in on three sides bj
peaks. Then the forest begins again. It is hen
we have found a cozy nook, where we bring oiii
books and spend an hour or two when it i;
warm enough. Then there are the sunsets anc
storm eff'ects upon certain peaks, and the sun
light breaking through, casting a rainbow or
the lake. And then the clouds ! But there—
I won't say any more, for one cannot describf
those subtle effects of nature.
Any way, there is no end of things to do, anc
simply limitless enjoyment. And then, best o
all, the being in the centre of a quaint Swis;
village and hearing good French and havinr
excellent lessons. It is certainly enough to mak(
one contented with life.
We have spent two afternoons at Neufchatel
It is only ten minutes by train, so that itisnoi;
much of a journey. There is a beautiful olc:
castle there and quaint, winding streets. But 1
have no enthusiasm left for even old towns, Ii
is all spent on the mountains and the clouds
and the sea. E. S. K.
The English do certainly pour out theii
money generously when a great claim is pre
sented to them. The Mansion House Indiar
Famine Fund has now nearly reached the sua
of £520,000 ($2,600,000), or £5,000 ($25,000;
more than was raised during the whole courst
of the last famine. There is an addition to this
sum, as several of the large provincial fund;,
have been remitted to India direct. — Selected
Sixth Mo. 12, 1897
THE FRIEND.
William Jackson's Visit to England.
William Jacksuii was a valuable aud highly
ateemed minister, who resided at West Grove,
jhester County, Pa. Having for many years
)een under a religious exercise to pay a visit to
reland and England, in 1802 be obtained the
equisite minutes from his meeting, and left
lome to perform this service. His wife, Han-
lah, during his absence, resided with her aged
ather, on Long Island. He engaged passage
ID a ship from New York, bound to Liverpool,
)ut about a month elapsed before she was ready
0 sail. During this interval his wife was taken
ick, which, he says ," was an additional weight
,nd dipping to my spirit, and many thoughts I
lad to encounter, but endeavoring to get to
hat [condition of mind] of not being too an.xi-
lus for the morrow, my precious heart was
letter, which afforded no small comfort to me.
Through the sympathy and endeared affec-
ion for her and the weaning weight that bal-
,nced across the seas, I felt as if I was torn
letween two, yet, upon the whole, enabled to
;eep [my feelings] pretty much to myself, and
iiucli freed from anxiety of future days, my
iirecious wife having all along encouraged me
hereto."
After a religious opportunity at Robert Bonne's,
,'here divers Friends were present, and wherein
irayers were offered up to the Most High for
>reservation and support, William Jackson
rent on board the ship on the nineteenth of
Seventh Month. They had a tedious and un-
omfortable passage, in which William Jackson
uffered much from sea-sickness. His journal
ays :
'' 27th. — I am sometimes lying, sometimes
itting, sometimes leaning over the ship's side,
ometimes walking about, but so depressed, so
omfortless, that it is a very gloomy journey to
oe."
28th. To his wife. — "I cannot describe to
hee how near and dear thou feelest to me. I
hink of thee not only daily, but hourly, with
esires that the Lord may be with thee to com-
3rt and support thee. Seeing we are so sepa-
lated as not to be able to afford one anotlier
ny assistance, we must resign ourselves to Him
hat gives us breath and being, and also can
nd will take it when and where He pleases.
"29th. — Last night, ruminating on my pres-
nt situation, and how exceedingly discouraging
nd sinking to the spirits, as well as the body,
ea-sickness is, these words of King Hezekiah
ame fresh into my mind, ' Thou wilt cut me
ff with pining sickness ; from day until night
hou wilt make an end of me.'
"Eighth Month 3rd.— Dull sailing, thick fog
nd almost a calm, yet my mind has been com-
Drted in feeling the fresh springing up of that
irecious uniting love to my dear friends, rela-
ives and precious dear wife, that I have lefi
lehind on my native shore. May the Lord be
ath them, who remains to be all in all to his
ependent people, which I may humbliugly ac-
inowledge is at the present my only refuge in
his floating pilgrimage.
"We sat down to dinner. There was a cry,
k school of porpoises !' With a harpoon tlie
date caught one seven feet long. It was soon
ressed and some of it cooked to eat. On the
Janks of Newfoundland they caught many fine
od."
As might have been expected of one affected
lilh sea-sickness, his appetite was very poor, a
up of water-gruel per day being his principal
ubsistence. The table was supplied with a va-
riety of dishe.-', but, he says, " Not quarter as
good as the Johnny-cake and milk of home."
They got into port at Liverpool on the twenty-
seventli of Eighth Month, where he was kindly
invited to the house of James Cropper. It did
him good to see tlie face of a Friend, and his
heart tilled his eyes. His wife's cordial recep-
tion, attentive, tender care and good nursing
made it a comfortable retreat.
At Liverpool he met with Richard Jordan,
who was about returning to America, after pay-
ing a religious visit in Great Britain. They
were at meeting together on the third of Nintli
Month, where, he says, " Richard v/as favored
in testimony, and more so in prayer, that a
memorable time it was to me. I feel myself
warranted in saying, as Paul did in his ac-
knowledgment, when beset both outwardly and
inwardly, ' Notwithstanding, God, that comfort-
eth those that are cast down, comforted me by
the coming of Titus.' So I was comforted by
the coming of dear Richard Jordan, and we
were comforted together in the Lord, praised
be his worthy Name."
On the seventh of Ninth Month they took an
affectionate leave of each other, and William
went to Warrington, ninety-eight miles. He
attended several meetings in those parts, includ-
ing Cheshire Quarterly Meeting. Of these meet-
ings he says, " I may, with reverence, acknowl-
edge that, in these meetings, through the fresh
springing up of life, I was enabled to labor
amongst them to the relief of my own mind and
to the tendering of the hearts and quickening
the spirits of some others."
In the course of his visit in the North of
England, he was at Leithersdale, where several
Friends had been taken prisoners and confined
in York Castle for refusing to pay for the sup-
port of a priest. He lodged two nights at the
liouse of one of these prisoners, John Stanfield.
" His wife, Mary, told me she had her clothes
put up twice in order to go to prison. As the
estate came by her, the suit was entered in the
Bishop's Court against her. But by some means
they shifted it and took her husband, which she
was no way rejoiced at, for she had rather gone
than that her husband should."
William Jackson adds, " Friends are a plain,
country-like people, and the Truth rose the
highest in this meeting of any I have been at."
This account contrasts with that given of an-
other, which, he says, " was a hard meeting, for
I believe the members were but indifferent ones
as to holding up the Light."
At another meeting, he had to remind some
present, that it did not avail to some formerly
to say, " We are Abraham's children," nor will
t avail any now to set themselves forward and
account on what their parents or grandparents
were, without sharing of their virtues, which
was not likely to be the case so long as they
were enemies to the cross of Christ.
After meeting he was told by a friend, as they
travelled the road together, that there were a
number of the grandchildren of that worthy
old friend, John Fothergill present, very dressy,
fine folks, with no appearance of Friends, who
came with as much assurance as if they were
Elders, and placed themselves on the seat under
the gallery.
He returned to Liverpool on the fourth day
of Tenth Month, having attended twenty-seven
meetings during this outing.
(To be continued.)
Every man is our neighbor who needs our
compassion and help. — Excliange.
The Tomb of Nekht.
The e.\.piisite little tomb which has only
been opened sis. or .seven years, and the wall-
paintings on the ceiling, which are in many
places still as clear in design and as beautifully
fresh in color as when they were put on, more
than thirty centuries ago, had evidently beea
the delight of its future occupant during iu
construction ami decoration.
A pious Theban gentleman of the Jliddle
Empire, " made his soul" by making himself a
costly and artistic sepulchre, just as a Western
devotee of our own day makes it by building a
church or endowing a religious order. One
sees in a moment that Neklit must have worked
lovingly at his own little "bijou residence," for
eternity. It is nearly finished, but not quite;
its incomplete condition meaning, it is to be
feared, in this, as in other cases, that the heir
was of opinion that the deceased had spent quite
enough money on his hobby; that it was really
sufficiently decorated to do all reasonable credit
to the family, and that on the whole the tomb
might be closed without calling upon the artist
to add the colors to that little wall scene which
he had just " blocked out" in black and white
in one corner of the chamber, when the late
lamented paid the debt of nature.
Unfortunately, the imperfection of the pic-
tured record begins at the very point at which
the dead man's deeply religious instincts would
have made him particularly regret the failure
to complete it. In this scene, Nekht and his
wife are seated at a table loaded with funereal
offerings, and four priestly officials are bringing
up haunches of veal or beef. To have left this
plain instead of colored, was a grave omission.
Did Nekht suffer for it in the underworld, one
wonders? Did it undo the work of those mul-
tiplied prayers in hieroglyphic, the incessant
reiteration of which on the walls of Egytian
mortuary chambers, produces almost an effect
of passionate appeal. Osiris and Harmachis,
aud Ammon and Anubis are again and again
beseeched to grant favors to " the double of the
temple-servant, Nekht, a free passport for the
disembodied soul to the regions of the dead, a
coming in and going out from the underworld,
not being repulsed at its gates." It is to be
hoped that there was no hitch in the arrange-
ments.
The temple-servant, however, was evidently
a cheery soul, and seems to have been not lesa
interested in the things of this world than in
those of the other. It is this which brings him
so much nearer to us than all the conquering
and building kings who have raised their gi-
gantic temples, and mined the earth with their
vast sepulchres all up the valley of the Nile.
Nekht has made his artists set forth scenes
of his daily life ; its business and its pleasures.
Here we see his farm servants gathering grapes,
treading them in the wine-press, and drawing
off the new wine into jars. Here, again, are
men ploughing and reaping ; women gleaning,
laborers binding up the sheaves. Nekht looks
on with a complacent air of proprietorship, with
the inscription above the head, "Sitting in the
chamber seeth his fields, the temple-servant of
Ammon, Nekht triumphant before the great
God." Further on, we see the worthy citizen
taking a holiday with his wife and children.
They have, in fact, gone out for a day's sport,
and are spearing fish from a boat, and bringing
down birds with the boomerang in a papyrus.
Above is the inscription," Passeth through wild-
fowl marshes with gladness, speareth fish ; Nekht
372
THE FRIEND.
Sixth Mo. 12, 189
triumphant." On the bank stand two of his
servants holding sandals, stafl', boomerang, etc.,
and lower down is another servant bringing
the game to his master. The inscription above
it reads, "Eejoiceth,seeth happiness in making
the chase, and in the work of the Goddess Sek-
het," (the country goddess, the Ceres of the an-
cient Egyptians), " the temple-servant, Nekht,
triumphant."
His sister, the singing priestess of Ammon,
the lady of the house, Tani, saith, " Rejoice
thou in the work of Sekhet and the birds which
he (Nekht)sets apart for her selection." Such
was the sort of diary of his simple pursuits and
pleasures the Theban gentleman of the Middle
Empire kept upon the walls of his tomb-cham-
ber fur perpetual remembrance. It is like a
page of Pepys in stone.— Frotn CadU to Soudan.
For "The Friend."
Hunting in the Himalayas.
The poet Cowper, in speaking of hunting,
says, " Detested sport, that owes its pleasure to
another's pain." A feeling of this kind leads
me, in general, to avoid the books which de-
scribe the adventures of those who penetrate
the most distant and inaccessible parts of the
earth for the sake of killing the wild animals
which naturally dwell there. I recently, how-
ever, glanced through the pages of " In and
Beyond the Himalayas," a record of travelling
and hunting in the high mountain country north
of India and on the borders of Thibet. While
it contains considerable information respecting
those wild lands and their inhabitants, its pe-
rusal tended to revive the feelings of disgust at
the spirit which finds keen enjoyment in the
destruction of game, although, in this case, some-
what relieved by the evidence the book fur-
nishes that its writer was not altogether insen-
sible of the cruelty of his pursuit. But the
temptation to secure the heads and horns of the
wild sheep and goats and other animals that
dwell among the snows and precipices of the
mountains, and to preserve these as hunting
trophies, seems to have been too strong to be
checked by motives of humanity.
On one occasion he wounded a bear in the
foreleg, but not so badly as to prevent it from
escaping pursuit. He remarks, " I was disgusted
with myself, less because I had lost the bear
than because I had wounded the poor beast and
allowed him to escape. No doubt he would
recover from the wound, but it was an uncom-
fortable thought that he had been put to un-
necessary pain.
When hunting wild yak, Stow killed three
of these large animals, and says, " I might have
continued for another fortnight, and collected
a good supply of these enormous heads. But
for what end ? The hunting and stalking are
the most exciting in the world ; the climate, the
ground and the surroundings the most trying.
The chase of the wild dong (yak), therefore,
must be classed among the severest tests of a
sportsman's quality, but a bag of three good
bulls quite satisfied me. I have a horror of big
bags. An unconquerable disgust at my ow
hutcherliness comes over me when I stand over
a noble animal that has been slain by my own
hand. This feeling increases with every trophy
added to my collection, till it forces me to drop
the pursuit of that particular game. In the
present instance remorse got the better of me
after the third bull. The escape of a wounded
bull haunted me and made me unhappy for
several day.?, though I spent some precious
time trying to retrieve him. He crossed the
range of mountains to the north, and must have
made his way to the Great Plains beyond, i.nd
died in lingeiing misery. May I be forgiven?
■ *~* Selected.
LITTLE AND MUCH.
It matters little where I was born,
Or if my parents were rich or poor ;
Whether they shrank at the cold world's scorn,
Or walked in the pride of wealth secure ;
But whether I lived an honest man.
And held ray integrity firm in my clutch,
I tell you, brother, plain as I am.
It matters much !
It matters little how long I stay
In a world of sorrow and sin and care ;
Whether in youth I am called away.
Or live till my bones and pate are bare ;
But whether I do the best I can
To soften the weight of adversity's touch
On the faded cheek of my fellow-man.
It matters much !
It matters little where be my grave.
On mountain or plain or in the sea,
By purling brook or 'neath stormy wave,
It matters little or naught to me ;
But whether the angel Death comes down
And marks my brow with his loving touch,
As one that shall wear the victor's crown.
It mattei-s much I
ON-W^ARD.
" Have faitti in God."
Comrades in Christ's unfinished work —
His confidential friends acknowledged still —
List we the summons which alone can kill
The fears that in our pathway lurk !
Still speeds the work as wears the day ;
Vague visions find fixed shape to earnest eyes.
Which f-hrink not weakly from the harsh surprise
With which at first they cloud the way.
So hath all human knowledge grown.
While God, still lifting the still flowing veil
Of his own works, o'er obstacle and ail.
On human intellect hath shone.
Still so the just shall live : his field
Of struggle and exploit shall stretch and change.
While hope, still fed by memory, shall range
Oe'r new domains half-unrevealed.
Self courts the world : but faithful .souls,
Unbound by self, in triumph work, and weld
Anew the stuff' by which shall still be held
The craven wills which form controls.
The corn is killed in grinding : so
The truth, to thf se who know it only by
Its forms, shall seem alarmingly to die.
And order into chaos flow.
Not so may we rest in the way :
But dig and plant amain while we consume,
And reap rejoicing in that day of doom
Which shall to each his wages pay.
"HIS COMPASSIONS FAIL NOT."
[From " A Book of Poems," by John W. Chadwick.;
The farmer chides the tardy spring,
The sun withholds his wonted ray,
The days are dull and cold and gray.
No shadow doth the maple fling.
From snow-clad peaks and icy main
The north wind cometh wet and chill,
And evermore the clouds distil
The hoarded treasure of the rain.
But still, O miracle of good !
The crocus springs, the violets peep.
The straggling vines begin to creep,
The dandelion gilds the sod.
The rain may fall in constant showers,
The sooth wind tarry on its way ;
Bui through the night and through the day
Advance the summer's fragrant hours.
And though the north wind force him back.
The song-bird hurries from the south,
With summer's music in his mouth,
And studs with fongs his airy track.
What then, my soul, if thou must know
Thy days of darkness, gloom and cold.
If joy its ruddy beams withhold.
And grief compels my tears to flow?
And what if, when with bended form
I praise the gods for sorrows past,
There ever comes a fiercer blast,
And darker ruin of the storm ?
As tarry not the flowers of June
For all the ill the heavens can do,
And, to their inmost natures true.
The birds rejoice in sweetest tune:
So, Father, shall it be with me;
And whether winds blow foul or fair.
Through want and woe, and toil and care.
Still will I struggle up to thee;
That, though my winter days be long.
And brighter skies refuse to come.
My life no less may sweetly bloom.
And none the less he full of song.
Art in Christianity.
BY E. P. MAKVIN.
What is the relation of art to civilizatioii
morality and Christianity ?
1. Art is naturally materialistic and sensih
ous in its character and influence. It employ
material objects to aflfect the sensibilities througli
the eye and the ear. Form, color and sounn
naturally appeal to the sesthetic rather than
the moral nature. As the beautiful has i
necessary connection with the true and the good
so the sense of beauty is not connected with
duty. Indeed, all history shows that high ani^:
complex art has commonly been used in th
service of pride, worldliness and vice. Art wa
born in Paganism, and it reached its highes
perfection there.
The Greeks declined in virtue as they pre
gressed in art. No nation ever equalled then
in the exquisite conception and execution o
the beautiful, and perhaps none in the refine
ments and varieties of sensual pleasures am
moral corruption. The most refined and cul
tured Roman matrons were often harlots ant
passionate admirers of bloody gladiatorial scenes
The " shaggy demons of the wilderness" wh(
destroyed Rome were more moral than thei
civilized, cultured and refined foes.
Says Lord, the historian : " Was Leo X. i
wiser Pope because he delighted in pictures
Did art make the Medici of Florence more sus
ceptible of religious impressions ? Does art sane
tify Dresden or Florence ? Does it make moderi •
capitals stronger or more self-sacrificing, bette'
fitted to contend with violence, or guard agains
the follies which undermine a State? What an-
the true conservative forces of our world ? Oi
what did Luther and Cranmer build their hope
of regeneration ? Art does not teach to resis
temptations. It presents temptations rather. I
gilds the fascinations of earth. It does not poin
to duties or the life to come. The sense of beau
ty never prompts to the discharge of any mora
obligation, nor does it ever restrain from sin."
"All history," says Delitzsch, in speaking o
the world culture which was born among th(
sons of Cain, " has shown that the refinementi
of civilization are always in direct relationshij
with forgetfulness of God." And Nitzsch says
in his " System of Doctrine," that " all progresi
resulting from the natural faculties and powers
of man augments corruption and accelerates th(.
real ruin of race."
jixfh Mo. 12
THE FRIEND.
373
Complex art in dress often has a sexual re-
ference, and it leads to all the pride and abom-
natioiis of modern fashions.
Novel writers and stage players are the lead-
ng artists of the times— and what of their gen-
ral morals?
We can easily call up a multitude of poets,
lainters, sculptors, scientists and artists of every
ind, in confirmation of Dr. Chalmers' argu-
(lent upon "The slender influence of taste in
uorals and religion."
Raskin makes this extraordinary statement :
One great fact first meets me. I cannot au-
wer for the experience of others, but I never yet
let with a Christian whose heart was thorough-
y set upon the world to come, and, so far as
umau judgment could pronounce, perfect and
ight before God, who cared for art at all."
2. God has never encouraged, but rather dis-
ouraged, high or complex ait in religious wor-
bip. Indeed, worshipping Him through the
ledium of material forms or artistic symbols,
xcept so far as God especially appoints, is for-
idden in the Second Commandment.
In Acts xvii: 29, Paul condemns such wor-
hip ; and in 1 Cor. ii : he discards rhetorical
Tt in preaching the Gospel. Paul gave but a
massing glance to those creations of art among
'hich he moved, and which have ever since
een the wonder of the world.
' God and his prophets never encouraged art
mong the Hebrews, and hence it remained far
elow that of surrounding nations. The He-
rews never had a theatre or an art gallery.
Iven the Temple and its furniture, though never
) costly, presented no specimens of high art
hich would satisfy Grecian taste. Jewish wor-
lip was simple and inartistic. Its most strik-
iig part was the slaughter of animals, present-
ig a scene quite repulsive to the sesthetic nature,
nd, even to this day, abhorrent to " refined
esh."
AVe find nothing to encourage high art in
Ihristian worship in the teaching or example
f Christ while on earth, nor in the writings
ad life of the apostles. Order and decency,
ut simplicity and spirituality, are characteris-
c everywhere. Stately and elegant forms, in-
•oduced to embellish worship and make it at-
•active, almost inevitably become " formal" by
instant repetition.
3. The whole history of the Church shows
lat when artistic and elaborate forms and cere-
lonies of worship have been assumed, spirituali-
'r and power have declined. Whenever power
as declined, forms have multiplied.
The simplicity and directness of apostolic
orship gradually gave way for a more elabo-
ite and showy service, to satisfy the taste and
scite the sensibilities of the cultured, and to
)Ster the superstition of the ignorant.
Thus came in the " Poisonous Honey" of
Romanism, with its cathedrals, sculptures, paint-
igs, images, processions, antiphones, vestures
ad gestures, all appealing to the tastes, sensi-
ilities or superstitious nature of man, and con-
ituting a spectacular and sensuous religion,
hich cannot please God or make men holy.
The reformers of the sixteenth century, re-
irding these complex forms invented by art
id man's device as hindrances rather than
sips to spiritual worship, reformed the worship
■the Church as well as the doctrine. God's
ernal truth was unveiled and enthroned again,
he truth directly spoken in the power of the
■oly Ghost took the place of artistic forms,
ilors, sounds and motions, addressed to the
uses.
We do not apprehend God by the asthetic,
but by the si)iritual nature — hence Divine truth
is addressed directly to the conscience, and the
less media intervening the better. God doe.s
not want " our best in architecture and art," if
it hinders our worship in "the beauty of holi-
ness."
The higher ecclesiastical art, like " higher
criticism," begins with but little Divine grace,
and is soon able to get along without any at all.
Even the infidel Rosseau wrote a book, showing
that the revival of art and science in France
resulted in a corruption of morals.
.Esthetical Roman dandies who would rise
and writhe in agony at the misplaced accent of
a poet, were filled with ecstacy at the rehned
and brutal cruelties of the Amphitheatre. In-
deed, the practice of all kinds of vice in Paris
to-day is made one of the fine arts. Persons
from all nations visit Paris for this culture.
How often we observe that as vital godliness
declines in a church, " Sweet Art" comes in with
all her showy attractions in architecture, classi-
cal music, elocution, dress, decorations, floral
offerings, and perhaps, a tasteful liturgical ser-
vice is desired to crown the display. But what
sinner was ever saved by these devices !
The emotions are indeed stirred and the taste
is gratified, but the worship is spurious and God
blows upon it. The incense is not holy and it
is kindled with " strange fire," and not fire taken
from the brazen altar of sacrifice. The truth
about the Divine person and the atoning work
of Jesus Christ is the genuine fire with which
to kindle our worship. These artists who seek
to enkindle devotion otherwise are Nadabs and
Abihus with strange fire. Like them, they
bring in sensational preaching, operatic singing,
and orchestral fiddling, instead of Christ cruci-
fied. Like Cain, they bring fruits and flowers,
instead of the atoning Lamb. Away with them.
Divine worship is not a fine art, employed to
gratify the taste of the natural man, but a sim-
ple, grateful and spiritual exercise of the ran-
somed powers. The Holy Ghost does not keep
us in fellowship with the Father and his Son
Je.sus Christ by the use of complicated machin-
ery, but we have freedom to enter the holiest by
the blood of Jesus.
Salvation is not by taste, but by grace. Let
us not mistake the gratification of the a^sthetical
nature for spiritual worship. Continental Eu-
rope has tried ecclesiastical art long enough to
test its value in spiritual things, and under the
culture and sway of its Gothic cathedrals and
unequaled art, it has drifted almost iu a body,
either to Papal superstition or blank infidelity.
No, if our Gospel is dull and our worship is
barren, it is not for lack of liturgical forms,
but spiritual power. We do not want elegant,
repetitious forms to gratify our taste, nor gal-
vanic batteries to stimulate our sensibilities, but
the Holy Ghost to give us life more abundantly.
— The Preshvierian.
COMJIEXDABLE NOX-IXTEEFEREXCE. A
more brazen attempt was never made than that
of Joseph R. Dunlop, Editor of The Chicago
Dispatch, who was convicted of sending obscene
matter through the mails and sentenced to a
two years' term, to induce President McKinley
to pardon him ; and the thanks of all lovers of
morality are due to the President and to the
Attorney General, to whom the case was re-
ferred for investigation.
The appeal was made on two grounds : That
the sentence was excessive, and that Dunlop had
had paralytic strokes and would be likely to die
in prison. The Attorney General responded
that the sentence was not excessive ; that it was
more probable that the regularity of pri.son life
would be more favorable to his health than
otherwise; and that to interfere would strength-
en all those classes that are engaged in promot-
ing obscenity and licentiousness. — Chridian Ad-
vocate.
The Selfishness of Ill-Health.
"Unselfishness is a game that two ought —
mark you, I don't say can, but ought — that two
ought to play at."
The remark was called forth by a case my
friend and I were discussing. It was that of a
young man who for several years had been in
ill-health. An acute disease had left him an
invalid, not altogether hopeless or incurable,
but still confined to his room, and with no
immediate prospect of being able to leave it.
Though it was a sad case, for his hopes of a use-
ful life were blighted, it was not without its al-
leviations. Two sisters devoted them.selves to
him ; they gave up all the pleasures of society
for his sake ; they lived only to anticipate his
wishes; morning, noon and night saw them de-
vising schemes for his amusement or laboring
to add to his comfort ; no sacrifice was too great
for them to make; and the result, instead of
being beneficial, was, as far as he wits concerned,
the reverse, for, from being a meek, patient suf-
ferer, he was transformed into an unconscious
tyrant.
" Poor Frank fancies the light hurts his eyes,"
said one sister, as she drew down the blinds, and
prepared to sit in semi-darkness. " The click of
knitting-needles irritates Frank's nerves," .said
the other, as she laid her work aside. " Frank
feels that everything bright and cheerful is
mocking him," they chimed in concert, " and
therefore we deny ourselves for his sake. Self-
denial is a duty, you know."
It was this that called forth my friend's re-
mark. Frank did not dream he was selfish ;
he never realized that any self-sacrifice was re-
quired of him, he received his sisters' attentions
as his right, and plumed himself on being a
martyr. It was his part to receive; theirs, to
give; and the result was that his misery and
despondency, not to speak of his demands, in-
creased day by day.
It is no unusual case. There is more of this
unconscious selfishness in the world than appears
at the first glance, and more of it, perhaps, in
our own hearts than we think.
How many of us who are familiar with pain
and weakness and languor can say truly that
we have never exacted more attention from our
friends than we need have done, that we have
been always patient and considerate, willing to
see and thankful to receive every little kind
deed bestowed on us? I fear there are few.
We are apt to take all as our right, as the jiro-
per tribute paid to our weakness and ill-health ;
we seldom try to realize how much others may
be denying themselves for our sakes, nor at
what a cost their services are sometimes ren-
dered. We became like spoiled children — the
more we get, the more we demand, and our
wants, instead of diminishing, multiply day by
day.
And then how many of us have a conscience
void of offense in the matter of peevishness and
irritability? What a deal of extra trouble do
we unhesitatingly give in this matter I We are
not quite so well today as yesterday, and there-
fore every one must feel the effects of it. We
must not suffer and no one know it. And how
374
THE FRIEND.
Sixth Mo. 12,
apt are we to grumble at trifles!— the opening
and closing of a door, the rustle of a paper, the
fall of a cinder on the hearth, the condition of
the fire, the placing of a chair each is made a
source of trouble to ourselves and of worry to
our friends.
Have you ever observed how much more
patient the sick are in a hospital than they are
at home, how submissive they become — how
grateful they are for all that is done for them ?
At home they question and find fault and tyran-
nize over their friends; but they never do so
with strangers. Peevishness seems to vanish
when they leave the family circle ; they grow
quiescent and contented. Why should we treat
those near and dear to us with less coasideration
than we do strangers? why should we lay on
them burdens which we would never ask out-
siders to bear, and demand sacrifices which are
as unnecessary as they are selfish ?
There are sacrifices which we have no right
to accept, even when they areoSered voluntarily.
" Oh that one would give me drink of the water
of the well at Bethlehem, that is at the gate."
Yet when the brave men burst through the hosts
of the Philistines, and brought back the water,
David would not drink it. Why? Because it
has cost too much. They had risked their lives
to get it. " Shall I drink the blood of these
men who have put their lives in jeopardy?"
I think there is a lesson for an invalid in
this. Some things that are offered to you cost
too much. If they are the price of another's
health or another's happiness, or another's use-
fulness, they cost too much. Refuse to accept
them ; rather bear your burden alone. And
does it ever strike you how much you may be
the poorer by accepting these sacrifices? You
may get what you long for, it is true, but even
in the getting of it you will find it has lost its
sweetness. One of a family who was deaf said,
" Don't speak so much to each other ; it irritates
me to know that you are speaking when I can-
not hear what you say." And so, out of sym-
pathy with the afflicted one, lips were closed,
and smiles checked, and silence reigned. She
got her wish, hut the shadow that rested on
the family circle was more depressing to her
than the sight of gayety which she could not
join. Better to witness joy that you cannot
take part in than to see no joy at all.
Oil, the shadows that even the best and the
brightest, and the most hopeful among us cast,
shadows often thrown unconsciously, the shadow
caused by a look, a frown, a petulant tone ! We
don't mean it, perhaps, but the result is the same
as if we did ; the cheerful are depressed by it,
.the hopeful cast down. Instead of gladness in
our dwelling there is gloom. And what can be
said of those miserable people who would banish
every pleasure which they cannot enjoy, and
fain lay the burden of their own pain and weak-
ness on every one beside them ? 'They have their
reward ; the burden comes back doubly weighted
to their own shoulders, and stays there.
What a blessing it would be, not only to the
weak, the suffering, the invalid, but to the whole
of the little world in which they are placed, if
they would but take to heart some such counsel
as this:
Do not foster and pet and magnify your com-
plaints ; they will only take deeper root by such
treatment. And don't let your self-sacrificing
friends make too much of you. Take your own
proper part in the game of unselfishness, try
and find out by e.vperience the blessedness of
consideration for others, and, instead of always
receiving benefits, try and give.
What can you give, you will say, as you hold
up your thin, nerveless fingers — what can you
do for any one? Give love instead of always
claiming it, give joy instead of trying to take it
away, keep back the murmur that will cause
pain to your friends, cultivate a gentle, resigned,
patient spirit; fill your sick-chamber with the
light that comes from inward peace. " He who
imparts light to another," as Dr. Trench says,
" has not less light, but walks henceforth in the
light of two torches instead of one." And it is
the same with happiness: strive to make those
beside you happy, and you will find how great-
ly your own happiness is increased. — A. K. H.
Forbes in The Sunday Magazine.
Natural History, Science, etc.
The Hill Croio of India and the Snoio Cock. —
A pair of them always attended our camp, and
followed us when we went off" on our shooting
excursions. I do not think they were the same
pair, however. I fancy a pair locate themselves
permanently in each valley. After we had left
our breakfasting places, they invariably came
down to them and made a thorough search for
crumbs, etc. They were extremely cautious and
cunning. I tried several times to tempt them
down with pieces of chapati, thrown to some
distance. They would hover a few yards over
the bread, or sit on a tree close by, eyeing it
intently, but never attempting to seize the mor-
sels while I remained on the spot ; but as soon
as we left they flew down, and had cleared away
all the crumbs before we had gone many yards.
They were present at almost every stalk I at-
tempted, and, I am sure, were as much pleased
with good shots as I was myself. On the other
hand, I daresay I often heard their expressions
of disgust at my failures. They were most
amusing in their habits, which I watched closely
for hours together, when lying idle on the hill-
side. This must have been the pairing season,
for connubial afl^ection has been highly culti-
vated among hill crows. When the female was
any distance off" from her lord, he would take
up his position on the thick branch of a tree
and begin a series of calls with every modula-
tion of which his jarring voice was capable :
first it was a wheedling caw of aflfection, accom-
panied by a gentle rustle of the wings ; soon it
changed into a querulous complaint of neglect.
If this did not fetch her, he lost his temper, and
with a loud caw of rage, ordered her up. At
this last stage he became most energetic ; his
head went down at every utterance, and his tail
worked like a lever. AH this meant that he
wanted his head scratched. When the wife did
turn up, she proceeded at once to rub his skull
all over with her beak^an endearment which
sent the old fellow into ecstacies, every feather
in his body quivering with enjoyment ; then he
would launch himself in the air and, sailing in
wide circles, scan the hilly slopes from side to
side; then, with wings at an acute angle, he
would flutter across the valley and back again,
uttering self-satisfied cries. This, I suppose, to
excite the admiration of his partner. The fe-
male was less demonstrative. She seemed al-
ways intent on household cares, and toil had
evidently sobered her. She reminded me of
the women of the country, whose whole li
seemed one long drudgery. If these intelligent
birds could be trained to mark down game, the
sportsman would be saved many a weary trudge
and have many more chances of making a bag
than he has now.
Up at five A. M. and ofi'to the ridge again, along
which I went towards the head of the valley
carefully searching both the Hunt and Bagtoui
nalas. It was a splendid morning ; a bracing
cold breeze swept along the open downs, which
were carpeted with flowers, especially a yellow
kind like the marigold ; they were so plentifu
and grew so thickly that I crushed a dozen o:
them at every step. I enjoyed this morning':
walk exceedingly, though we saw nothing. tIk
beauty of the scene so impressed me that a bear
had he come in sight, might have been allowec
to pass. Such surroundings are not conducivt
to bloodthirsty thoughts. Suddenly we walkec
nearly over a hen ram-chakor, the hen of thf
snow-cock and her brood of six chickens nest
ling among the flowers. The chicks were fluffy
and half the size of my fist, but they could run
They ran a few yards, crouched and disappearec
among the flowers. The mother, too, ran, hui
limped and fluttered along in such helplesi
fashion that Jamala, the breakfast coolie, boltec
after her with outstretched hand, expecting t(
catch her at every step, but she kept just beyonc
his reach, and, after a run of a hundred yards
Jamala came up panting and looking very fool
ish — -for the hen mother was now following him
Her stratagem, however, was unsuccessful, foi
our party was still standing a few yards from
her brood. A finer illustration of maternal lov(
overcoming natural timidity could not be im
agined. 'The hen came within five yards and
circled around us with drooping wings and ruf
fled feathers, and limping, the very picture o:
decrepitude, inviting capture by a display oJ
utter helplessness. Jamala this time was noi
taken in, and we all stood motionless in sym
pathetic admiration, my companions exclaim
iBsr"Subhan Allah.' Subhan Allah I" (Prais(
to God ! Praise to God ! ) AVhen these manceu
vres failed to move us, the hen settled on thi
ground, raked up a cloud of dust, fluttered he;
wings, and clucked for her chicks to come unde:
protection ; but by this time the chickens hac
run farther down the hillside, and were out o
hearing. We left her still calling for them.—
In and Beyond the Himalayas.
Tobacco is an unclean master. A cleai
mouth, sweet breath, untainted clothes, apart '
raents free from stale odor are hard things for ai
habitual smoker to manage. This point need;
no elaboration. But if a proof is wanted, '.
only ask a glance at the floor of the smokers
side of a ferry or the smoking car of a train
and a sniflT of the atmosphere after a few minute
of the crowd's unrestrained enjoyment of thi
weed, and — what is quite as significant — a noti
of the contrast in appearance lietween the mei
who crowd these places, and those who seel
cleaner floors and purer air.
It is an unhealthy master. It corrupts thi
sense of taste, injures the stomach, deadens thi
sensibilities, causes cancers and heart troubles
I can count half a dozen personal friends a
this moment who know, on physicians' authori
ty, that further continuance of smoking mean
shortened days, perhaps sudden death. Onl;
one or two, however, have been strong enougl
to give it up.
It is an almost immoral master. Not in itsel
a necessary evil, it nevertheless promotes certaii
associations and leads in certain directions a
to other habits which are unhealthy to the mora
nature. Do you know a liquor soaker who i
not fond of tobacco? Did you ever see a bai
room or prizefighting or gambling crowd o
rough gang of any kind that was not smokin;
and chewing? To paraphrase a famous remarl
of Horace Greeley : "All tobacco users are no
xth Mo. 12, 1897
THE FRIEND.
375
prse thieves, but all horse thieves are tobacco
^ers." A lad who has karntd to handle a
gar with grace has made a first-class start on
roml that has more than one bad stopping
lace. If you think that is not so, let me ask
ou whether, if you were an employer and
lanted a young man for a position of trust and
jrowth, you would select the one with a cigar
ji his mouth, or the one who had decided not
k use it.
j It is a hard master. It is more powerful than
l)ur judgment and will combined. The old
j.ble, " I can stop any time I want to," is dis-
i-oved by the earnest attempts of many a strong
|an.
i It is a costly master. Two seven-cent cigars
[day only will in thirty years cost four thou-
nd two hundred and sixty-nine dollars, cora-
i)unding annually at six per cent. I have
iie figures of the calculation before me. Most
Qckers spend twice that on themselves and
ieiid^. — Christian Advocate.
A Children's Friend.
Born of humble origin at Clayhills, Tunstall,
iaflbrdshire, in 1831, the boy, Smith, worked
f his father's side at the early age of seven
»ars, and was accustomed to carry forty pounds
f clay on his head, scarcely without intermis-
DU, for thirteen hours daily, at a wage of twelve
(nts per day, not infrequently standing by the
ilns all night. The lad by and by attended a
tght school and an improvement society, and
(bsequently, by sheer endeavor, rose above the
itellectual level of his associates as one —
I " Who breaks his birth's invidious bar,
! And grasps the skirts of happy chance,
,\nd breasts the blows of circumstance,
I And grapples with his evil star."
iAt eighteen years of age be joined the Metho-
«5t Church, and afterwards became a Sunday-
shool teacher— a plow of service to which he
Ipt his hand upwards of forty-five years. Pre-
'Dus to arriving at his thirtieth year, he under-
hk the reclamation of the children in the brick-
lids, whose awful misery he had escaped, and
Ir the help of whom he never rested until he
Id brought them out of the house of bondage.
In this lay the foundation of his joy. Toward
t.e young his heart overflowed with affection.
] is narrated that in early manhood he was
ithe habit of apparently fixing his eyes upon
Eace beyond and above him, and, on being
tken to task by his parents and others, for
fing "about gaping into the sky or at the
ars," he at first acknowledged that he thought
1 did it from the vacancy of mind ; but later,
lien he was stirred with religious thoughts, he
Ed that he used to go along in the same way,
fuerally repeating to himself, or half aloud,
'jord, thy work — teach me to do thy work."
■' the period came when it seemed to be spoken
t him, "The children — that is your work."
Ijlly possessed of that conviction, George Smith
Bowed nothing to divert his attention from the
"hildren of Ishmael" and their needs.
Embarking on his humane mission in 1859,
t! utterances of George Smith could not wholly
I3S unnoticed. In season and out of season
I expatiated on the degradation, immorality,
iiorance and suffering of children engaged in
t'i brick and tile industry, showing that boys
ad girls, not more than six years of age, worked
t;ether from six in the morning until seven in
t i evening, and sometimes throughout the night,
lit unnaturally these poor little ones, receiving
fely of curses and blows from the men under
V om they worked, because they were not quick
enough in their movements, were made prema-
turely old or disabled. Instead of .sympathy
being given to their would-be lieliverer, he met
with fierce industrial opposition, desjiile which
he toiled unflaggingiy on for eleven years, when
at length friends rallied to his side. The ojipor-
tunity of reading a paper upon the subject be-
fore the Social Science Congress at Newcastle,
in 1870, aroused public interest; and the same
year he issued an eloquent and impa-ssioned ap-
peal, the first of similar unpretending booklets,
entitled, "The Cry of the Children from the
Brickyards of England." In the following year
he formulated a number of suggestions as a basis
for legislation, and the government of the day
passed an act providing for the inspection of
brickyards, and the regulation of juvenile and
female labor in this connection, by which some
thirty thousand children, and all girls under
sixteen, left the brick-fields and tile-yards to
attend school.
The reforming hand of George Smith was
next directed to alleviating the lot of those water
nomads known as the children on the canal
boats. By close observation, he became familiar
with every phrase of existence among the pop-
ulation on the canals and navigable rivers of
England, and found that old and young of both
sexes were huddled together in filthy cabins,
uneducated and depraved. Contributing an
article to the Fortnightly Review, in 1873, G.
Smith C(jmputed that of the one hundred thous-
and men, women and children afloat upon Eng-
lish rivers and canals, ninety-five per cent, could
neither read nor write, ninety per cent, were
drunkards and sixty per cent, living as men
and wives unmarried. The canal children had
slipped through the Education Act of 1870, as
its framers could take no notice of houses that
were here to-day and gone tomorrow. Six
years' toil were rewarded by the passing of the
Canal-Boats Bill, in 1877, for the registration
of boats ; and in 1884 a further law was adopted
compelling the canal children to go to school in
whatever district they might be. By its opera-
tion from thirty thousand to forty thousand chil-
dren were brought within the scope of the Edu-
cation and Sanitary Acts. Smith was indefati-
gable in visiting the canals to inquire into the
workings of the act, and any remissness was
promptly reported. On one of his lonely winter
tramps by the sides of the ice-bound canals, he
would have been frozen to death but for the
providential approach of a sagacious sheep-dog.
In the course of the last few years the condition
of boatmen and their families has materially
improved.
With characteristic energy George Smith be-
gan, in 1879, another agitation for the education
and social improvement of the children of the
gypsies and travelling showmen. Though shock-
ing disclosures of the deplorable ignorance, over-
crowding and promiscuous sleeping of the fifty
thousand children and young people represent-
ing some twenty thousand families living in
England in tents and on wheels, were made,
when the ^Movable Dwellings Bill was intro-
duced into Parliament, in 1885, it was never-
theless rejected. For ten more years heroic ex-
ertions were put forth to save the children con-
cerned, by a [larliamentary enactment, from the
worst consequences of their nomadic habits ; but
in vain George Smith endeavored to crown the
edifice of his useful and honored life. Otherwise
he would have died the happiest man in Eng-
land. Doubtless the stars in their courses, as re-
presented by the opposition which fought against
him, cannot fight forever, and it has been pleas-
antly suggested that a line should be lefl on
George .Smith's tombstone to record the ultimate
success of the measure.
This friend of young suffering humanity had,
however, a happy end. When confined to the
hou.se, and then to his bed during the last week
or two, he used to say, " It is like Sunday," or
" It is always Sunday now." It was, in truth,
a short Sunday for the long work-day of the
life of one whose privation.s, toils and weariness
for the objects of his compas.sion were scarcely
known by the world at large.
His funeral was of ideal simplicity. The
spectators who saw his remains borne from " The
Cabin" to the churchyard at Crick, near Kugby,
will not easily forget the scene. Nothing so
touching had ever probably occurred under the
shadows of the old church before. Hardly a
child, it is related, belonging to the village could
have been absent. — James Johnmn in S. S. Times.
Items.
— At the London Meeting for Sufferings, held on
the seventh of Fifth Month, reports of the several
standing committees were presented. The Peace
Committee dwelt upon the value of the recent ar-
bitration negotiations between England and the
United .States in arousing attention tliroughout the
civilized world to the question of international
war and peace.
The Anti-Slavery Committee spoke of Zanzibar
and Pemba in Eastern Africa, and the proposition
referred to the Yearly Meeting of establishing there
an industrial mission.
The Committee on Armenian Relief had ex-
pended nearly fourteen thousand pounds out of
about fifteen "thousand pounds entrusted to them.
They pointed out that there is still great need of
help to that sorely distressed people.
An address to the Queen on the completion of
her *ixty years of sovereignty was adopted.
The membership of London Yearly Meeting was
reported as sixteen thousand six hundred and sev-
enty-four, an increase during the year 189tj of two
hundred.
An arrangement had been made with the Ileadley
Brothers to maintain a depot for the exhibition
and sale of Friends' literature in London.
Dub/in Yearly Meeting. — A minute from Cork
Monthly Meeting called attention to the difference
between the disciplines of London and Dublin
Yearly Meetings in regard to the marriage of first
cousins, which is permitted by the former and not
by the latter. After some discussion and the ex-
pression of divergent opinions, a minute was finally
made declining to make any change.
As to total abstinence from the use of intoxicat-
ing drinks, it wns thought some progress had been
made. Friends were warned against becoming
mixed with the trade by purchasing shares in brew-
eries and distilleries.
A proposal to chancre the place of holding the
Yearly Meeting from Dublin, evoked considerable
discussion, and was finally referred to the Quarterly
Meetings for their consideration. The whole num-
ber of members in Ireland was stated to be two
thousand six hundred.
— We have received a circular from the "Sunday
Breakfast Association," on Twelfth Street below
Vine. During the past six months 883 meetings
were held with a total attendance of 60,720, of
which 43,306 received a charitable meal ; in addi-
tion to this 34,010 meals were served in the In-
dustrial Rescue Home.
The meetings held at the police station houses
and trolley car depots were especially interesting
to these men, who are so very much deprived of
religious privileges. While the meetings at Point
Breeze on shipboard threw many a bright gleam of
sunshine and hope over the waves of the long voy-
ages of these men to China, Japan and Australia,
The children's meetings held every Third-day
night all winter have been very largely attended,
sometimes as many as six hundred present.
The work of the sewing-school and kindergarten
376
THE FRIEND.
Sixth Mo. 12, 189
on Seventh-day afternoons has resulted in much
good to these little girls ; many of these are taught
the art of sewing and making their own garments ;
after which they are presented to them, and they
are also taught economic, moral habits and relig-
ious truths.
Inmnity in ,Syri(j.— In Syria the ancient belief
that insanity is due to the" possession by a demon
still exists, and it leads to much cruelty in the
treatment of this afflicted class. This has led to
the inauguration of an effort to establish a suitable
asvlum for such patients, where they may have the
benefit of modern methods of cure. T. Waldmeier,
who lived many years as a missionary in that
country, has latterly been travelling over Europe
and America, endeavoring to raise the funds nec-
essary to erect suitable buildings for this purpose
at the foot of Mt. Lebanon.
London Yearly Meeting on Ministry and Over-
sight.— In the account contained of this meeting in
the London Friend, it is stated that a letter was re-
ceived from Richard M. Thomas, of Baltimore, in-
forming that he was still unable through break-
down in health, to undertake the visit to Denmark
and Norway, for which certificates were granted
him last year. The date of his return to America
was not fixed, but it was not thought that he would
be able to accomplish much further service on that
side of the Atlantic.
In the reports from the Quarterly Meetings of
Ministry and Oversight, references were made to
imparting to their members " more organized re-
ligious instruction," and the need for the "best in-
tellect " of their membership to be consecrated to
the service of the Gospel. These statements are
calculated to awaken a fear lest the attention of
English Friends should be too much turued, in the
exercise of the ministry, to the " enticing words of
man's wisdom " instead of "the demonstration of
the spirit and power " which accompanies the
anointing of the spirit.
Victoria's Large Family. — Queen Vic-
toria has now seventy living descendants. Seven
of these are sons and daughters, thirty-three
are grandchildren, and thirty are great-grand-
chiidren.
SUMMARY OF EVENTS.
United States. — In the U. S. Senate, a steady pro-
gress has been made in the Tariff bill. It is believ-
ed the sugar schedule will pass with slight changes
in the House bill.
The comparative statement of the Government re-
ceipts and expenditures during Fifth Month shows
that the total receipts were $29,797,390, and the ex-
penditures $29,109,259, leaving the surplus for the
month $688,131. The statement for Fifth Month,
189(1, showed a deficit of ?3,782,S75.
The monthly statement of the United States public
debt shows that the debt, less cash in the Treasury,
at the close of business on Fifth Month 29th, 1897,
was $996,684,052, a decrease for the month of $1,560,-
080, which is principally accounted for by an increase
of over $2,000,000 in cash in the Treasury.
W. J. Calhoun, who was specially commissioned by
President McKinley to make an examination into the
Ruiz case in Cuba, and who, it is believed, will add
verbally to his report upon that case his observations
upon the state of affairs in Cuba, was expected to
reach Washington on the Sth inst. It is learned upon
the best information that Calhoun has prepared no
formal docnraent, and that the major portion of his
report will be in the nature of a personal communica-
tion to the President. It is understood that Calhoun
will commend the ability and faithfulness of Consul
General Lee and the great promptness and vigor with
which he has looked after the rights of American
citizens. It is believed he will endorse General Lee's
report upon the Ruiz case, which has been forwarded
to Washington, and in which General Lee, in most
emphatic language, reasserts his judgment that Ruiz
was murdered in prison after having been excluded
from communication with the American Consul for
315 hours in violation of international agreement.
The report of the Spanish representative supports the
claim of the Spanish aulhorities in Cuba that Ruiz
died from natural causes, but admits his long incar-
ceration without opportunity to communicate with
the authorities of our Government.
During the past year the lump sum of $14,225 was
received by the United Stales Government fir the
" Conscience Fund," the largest amount ever received
one time.
.\ccording to Uhland's Wochenschrift, the British
Consul at Chicago reports that, in the West, German
goods are driving out English manufactures, particu-
larly in the importation of cement, chemicals, quinine,
pottery, glass and mirrors, cutlery, colors, oils, pic-
tures and toys.
The formal opening of the Commercial Museums in
this city on the 1st inst. bids fair to be the most im-
portant event that has occurred in this city for nearly
a quarter of a century. Nothing from a business
point of view, it is said, at all compares with it, ex-
cept the Centennial Exhibition, which was admitted
to be the most potent factor for stimulating trade of
any event of the century. The members of the ad-
visory Board, representing the leading commercial
bodies of every large city in the Union, were gener-
ally present, as were the representatives of similar
bodies from all the leading cities of the Central and
South American States. The views of the foreign
delegates were that in order for us to get foreign
trade. Museums should be supplimented with steam-
ship lines, and local banks with long credit. The
Uruguayan delegate objected to the proposed tariff
on wool and hides
The American Medical Association held its " gold-
en jubilee" in this city last week. Their proceed-
ings were of much interest and of great value.
The Los Angeles papers say that in the Fourth
Month the heaviest consignment of ostrich plumes
ever sent from California was sent to Paris. The in-
dustry is no longer an experiment in the long Pacific
State. Already the business has an investment of
§200,000, which is likely to be augmented by a third
during the coming season. The sales of plumage this
year from the ostrich farms at Fallbrook, Coronado,
Anaheim, Pasadena, Pomona and Santa Monica foot
«p to §190,000. The percentage of profit on the
amount invested is large enough to make the business
profitable.
Charity Green, who died in Boston on the 6th inst.,
is alleged to have been 115 years old. She was born
a slave in Virginia and went to Boston in 1854.
An earthquake shock was felt in the vicinity of
Decorah, Iowa, on First-day morning.
A severe earthquake shock occurred at Helena,
Butte, and other points in Montana on Seventh-day
last.
We are informed that the circular Epistle issued
by our late Yearly Meeting, has been read in each of
two bodies bearing the name of " The Y'early Meet-
ing of Friends of New York."
Deaths in this city last week were 367, being 61
less than the previous week, and 13 more than the cor-
responding week of last year. Of the foregoing, 198
were males and 169 females : 42 died of pneumonia ;
39 of consumption; 27 of heart disease; 23 of diph-
theria; 15 of convulsions ; 14 of cancer ; 13 ofapoplexy;
12 of old age; 11 of Brighl's disease ; 10 from casual-
ties ; 9 of typhoid fever, and 9 of inflammation of the
stomach and bowels.
Markets, &C.—U. S. 2's, 96 a 98 ; 4's, reg., 110 a 110.] ;
coupon, 112J a 113; new 4's, reg., 123| a 124} ; .5's, 113^
a 113} ; currency 6's, 101 a 104.
Cotton was weak, and oflicial quotation was reduced
j\c. per pound to 7J-fc. for middling uplands.
Feed.— Spot bran, $12.00 to $12.50 per ton for win-
ter in bulk, and $11.00 a $11.50 for spring in sacks.
Flour.— Winter super, $2.75 a $2.90; do., extras,
$3.00 a $3.25 ; Pennsylvania roller, clear, $3.85 a $4.00;
do., do., straight, $4.10 a $4.20 ; Western winter, clear,
$3.85 a $4.00; do., do., straight, $4.10 a $4.20; do.,
do., patent, $4.25 a $4.50 ; spring, clear, $3.35 a $3.60 ;
do., straight, $3.65 a $3.85 ; do., patent, $3.85 a $4.10 ;
do., favorite brands, higher. City mills, extra, $3.10
a $3.40; do., clear, $4.15 a $4.25: do., straight, $4.25
a $4.40 ; do., patent, $4.40 a $4.60. Rye Flour.—
$2.25 a $2.40 per bbl. as to quality.
Grain.— No. 2 red wheat, 77} a 78c.
No. 2 mixed corn, 28 a 28}c.
No. 2 white oats, 25 a 251c.
Beef Cattle.— Extra, 5i a 5\c.', good, 4; a 5c.;
medium, 4f a 4|c.; common, 4f a 41c.
Sheep and Lambs.— Extra, 4} a 4Jc.; good, 3} a 4c.;
medium, 3J- a 3.}c.; common, 2i a 3c.; lambs, 31 a 5.Jc. ;
Hogs. — Western, 5} a 5.]c.;'State, 5c.
FoREiGN.-^The Bank of England contains silver
ingots which have lain in its vaults since 1696.
Premier Canovas, of Spain, has been confirmed in
ministerial powers by the Queen Regent, and the
Cabinet will remain in office, with personnel and pol-
icy unchanged. All the Powers consulted by th
Queen advised the recall of Captain General Weyle
from Cuba, but she decided to continue him and eac!
of the other appointees in office. Great excilemer
prevails. The peril of the situation, so far from bein
finished by the Conservatives' retention in oflice, i
considered to be only just beginning.
Armed Bulgarian bands have crossed the frontie
near Kassona, and Turkey has sent a large force c
troops there.
Mount Vesuvius is in eruption. An area of 2,C"
yards long by 500 wide is covered with lava, and it i
dangerous to approach within 400 yards of the prio'
cipal crater.
Nowhere in Europe are landed estates so vast as i
Russia. Striking evidence thereof is furnished by th
will of General Maltzefi', of the Czar's army, who be
queaths to his heirs, in addition to other property,
than twenty-nine mines, fifteen of which are o
the first importance. They afford employment to mor
than 60,000 workmen. The only person in Russi
hose mining properties exceed those of the Maltzei
estate is Elim Demidoff.
The Japanese loan of 43,000,000 yen, equivalent t
about $21,947,916, at 5 per cent, and payable in gold
the issue price of which is 101.}, has been subseribei
in London several times over within an hour.
It is estimated that more than eighty tons of dia
monds have been unearthed in the South African field'
during the last eighteen years. These represent a t
value of £.56,000,000.
The Australian Legislature has sanctioned the build
ing of an aqueduct which will cost $12,-500,000 !
will supply the Coolgordie gold mines with 6,000,00"
gallons of water daily. ■
NOTICES.
Westtown Boarding School. — For i
of persons coming to Westtown vSchool, the stage wil
meet trains leaving Philadelphia 7.17 and 8.46 A. ifi
and 2.53 and 4.32 p. M. Other trains are met \
requested. Stage fare on regular trips, fifteen c
on special trips, twenty-five cents each way. To reaclj
the school by telegraph, wire West Chester Phone SI.
Edward G. Smedley, Sup't.
Westtown Bo-^rding School. — Applications
the admission of pupils to the school, and letters ii
regard to instruction and discipline should be adi
dressed to William F. Wickersham, Principal.
Payments on account of board and tuition, am
communications in regard to business should be foil
warded to Edward G. Sjiedley, SuperintendenL
Address, Westtown P. O., Chester Co., Pa.
Wanted. — Companion, mother's help, or govern
ness, by young woman Friend. Several years' ex
perience. Address,
" M," office of The Friend.
Boarding. — At a farm in Chester Co., (Friends]!
a few boarders would find a beautifully situated am
thoroughly convenient home for the summer.
Address " R," office of The Friend.
Married, in Sadsbury Meeting, at Christiana, Pa'
Fourth-day, Fourth Mo. 14lh, 1897, Robert Henb''
Russell, of Colorado Springs, Col., and Anna Pab(
VIN Smith, of Parkesburg, Pa.
Died, on the fourteenth of Fifth Month, 1897, a^
the residence of his son-in-law, Morrice Smith, IsAH
Vernon, in the eighty-eighth year of his age. H
bore an afflictive illness from cancer in one eye will'
great patience. He was a lifelong and consistenl
member of the Society of Friends. He had re?'''''-"
within the limits and been a member of Spring
Monthly Meeting in Linn Co., Iowa, from its first exl
istence. He leaves neither brother nor sister, and hil
children and friends have cause to believe that li
has been gathered as a shock of corn fully ripe, inti
the heavenly garner. ,
, at her residence near Danville, Ind., Fiftr
Month 16th, 1897, Larina E. Carter, wife of Joni'
than Carter, aged thirty-eight years, six months anii
nine days. She was a member of Mill Creek Monthl.j
Meeting. She was conscious that she was nearing th
close of her life, and after taking leave of her familji
said, "Though I walk through the valley of th
shadow of death, I will fear no evil, for thou art witll
me; thv rod and thy staff tbev comfort me."
WILLIAM H. PILE'S SONS, PRINTERS,
No. 422 Walnut Street.
THE FRIEND.
A Religious and Literary Journal.
VOL. LXX.
SE\'^NTH-DAY, .SIXTH MONTH I'J, 1.S07.
No. 48.
PUBLISHED WEEKLY.
Price, if paid in advance, $2.00 per annum.
tions, paymetiis and buitifiess commui
received by
Edwin P. Sellew, Publisher,
No. 207 Walnut Place,
(South from Walnut Street, between Third and Fourth,)
PHILADELPHIA.
Articles designed /or inaerlion to be addressed to
JOSEPH WALTON,
MooBESTOWN, Burlington Co., N. J.
Entered as second-class matter at Philadelphia P. O.
Richard Esterbrook.
(Continued from page 370.)
'• Plain-field, Eighth Month Sth, 1886.
"The low condition of our meetings in every
ay at the present tinje, is cause for great
larchiug of heart. I have been considering
le state of things mentioned by Jeremiah in
le fourteenth chapter, as describing our ex-
erience in some measure — and the fourth verse
lay illustrate and express the feelings of some.
The ploughmen were ashamed, they covered
leir heads.' A very low time is a time of
aculiar temptation to look about for expedients
ad remedies, and to seek to bring about a bet-
:r state of things by artificial processes — not
)nsidering that none of the vanities of the
3ntiles can cause the rain of Heaven to de-
fend. But alas we have prophets that pro-
besy falsely, and we have a great variety —
lany shades of feeling and sentiment among
.iven us.' These things are causes of great
recently published letter, R,
' Plainfield, Eighth Month 9th, 188G.
"It would seem as if London Yearly Meet-
ig was in possession of some especial spiritual
ower and authority over the family of Yearly
leetings.and that there was a sort of consolation
(Dong those who should come in for a share
F her blessing and protection. To my mind
lat day is departed altogether and that her
^st duty is to herself, and that work is not to
e effected by a conference — although if one
,ere rightly conducted, and some of the con-
rees were truly anointed to see her situation,
ad point it out clearly and plainly in the au-
lority of Truth, it might be the beginning of
better day."
" Plainfield, Eighth Month 10th, 1886.
"The duties of the office [of Elder] are not
erformed by a mere quickness of perception
I detect unsoundness. The great and princi-
al qualification is the quickened sense as to
le root and spring of ministry and its harmony
ith the true exercise of the day or time. I
a.d been deeply impressed with the view of an
Acrease of harmonious exercise in our meetings
II over."
"Plainfield, Ninth Month Sth, 1S8G.
" Yesterday attended our Monthly Meeting,
and in the afternoon the Select Jleeting, now
much reduced in number. The both meeting.s
were times of comfort and encouragement to
me, and I trust also to others — being a sea-son
of favors unexpected made it perhaps the mori'
refreshing; ' When He coraeth He raaketh the
parched ground a pool of water, and the dry
land springs of water.' The Lird is with his
Church still, and ' Wisdom is justified of all iter
children.' So my dear Friend, Joseph Walton,
need not be afraid of .
" If the Lord, the He.id of the Church, is
singly looked unto, and humbly and sincerely
trusted in. He will give judgment to them that
sit in judgment and strength to those that turn
the battle to the gate — and the praise and glory
of all are his due, of whom is the ability for
every good word and work. I feel very much
better mentally, and have a grateful, thankful
feeling covering my spirit."
" Plaisfield, Ninth Mouth 21st, 1886.
" Some of our dear Friends in youngar life
than some of us will have to be more open and
stand out — step in and fill up the ranks — show
on which side they are decidedly, or they will
not be able to stand. I want to see an increase
of the number of those who give evidence that
they really share in the ' afflictions of Joseph."
"Camden, Twelfth Month 5th, 1886.
"There is a letter of .J. T. Borland which
evinces that he is greatly disturbed about the
members of our Society going into the water,
and yet he has been the paid pastor of the con-
gregation at Brooklyn for two or three years I
expect.
"It is just these extreme measures as to the
ordinances that disturb this class of Friends.
For those who go so far it is easy to see can
claim the name no longer with any decency.
"Previous to having any information as to
the death of our late dear Friend, Henry W.
Wills, I had made an appointment for a person
to come over sixty miles to see me on the day
of the interment. I regretted not being in a
position to be present with his family and friends
on that occasion. He was an honest-hearted
Friend, one whom I loved and valued very
much, and feel his loss."
" Camdes, First Mouth 26th, 1S87.
"A ministry exercised a? a matter of course,
whose time is always ready, is totally inconsist-
ent with our true testimony to the Headship of
Christ in the Church, and such a ministry must
of necessity land the Society on another founda-
tion and break it up into fragments.
" No Society such as ours can prosper by a
total laying aside that which alone makes it of
any value.
" William Cooper has our tender sympathy.
He was so dependent. He had recently lost
his wife. In the midst of our conflicts and
trials, and the weakness and impotence of man,
there is a place of safety, a tower to flee to, a
refuge from the storms of life.
"The Name of the Lord is a strong tower,
the righteous runneth into it and is safe. There
is uo other I am persuaded."
"Camden, Sixth .Monlli 20th, 1887.
"Almost ever since our Meeting for Suffer-
ings was held, my mind has reverted again and
again, with a feeling of much anxiety, to what
appears to me to be an increasing disposition
to draw the Meeting for Sutfiirings into a course
of action in regard to a variety of outside .sub-
jects, that, if much encouraged, will, I fear,
bring about a great change in its character,
and in the end weaken its influence. I should
be glad for Friends to give way to apprehension
(well founded apprehension) of religious duty,
to call upon the mayor, or other persona in au-
thority, and relieve their ininfls to them in
Christian concern and love, without bringing
such subjects to the notice of the Meeting for
Sutt'erings, iinlass for sjme very e3|)ecial object,
and under the pressure of a true religious con-
cern. That great evils exist, yea, that they
abound all around us,needs no argument, but to
occupy the attention of the Meeting for Suffer-
ingswith recitals of what we have noticed, etc., is,
I think, undesirable, unless as I have remarked,
in some especial and unusual case, and under
such a degree of religious concern as to consti-
tute it a religious obligation to yield to it. If
this ground is not kept to, and felt to be essen-
tial to our preservation, we are certainly already
in much danger. Let any Friend who feels
called upon to do it, go and see the mayor, etc.,
without using the machinery of the Society too
often.
" I regard the primary duties of the Meeting
for SuflTerings to consist in a lively interest in
watching over the interests of our Society, the
cause of Truth, which I understand to mean
the principles of religion held by us as a Society,
to keep them pure and unspotted, and not to
become an association for the promotion of
moral reform in every direction that this man
or that man may point to.
" It is no part of our business to encourage a
restless activity, that has a life that may be fed
by what it is doing. It is a part of our duty
to endeavor to be in such a frame of mind as
to recognize what appears to have a right ori-
gin. I have just been reading over the list of
the divers committees to Meetings for Suffering,
with fresh interest and confirmation of my con-
cern. The Meeting has of late years been great-
ly bereft of ' fathers,' although we may have
some who are called instructors, and the retic-
ence of many is such that I believe we do not
always get at the true inward feeling of several.
" i felt as if I wanted some one to open ray
mind, etc., a little for relief. Seeing eye to ej-e,
and fellow feeling are at a low ebb I fear."
The subject alluded to in this letter was the
introduction into the Meeting for Sufferings of
some remarks on the existence of many evils
in the community ; and the propriety of en-
deavoring to strengthen the hands of the Mayor
of Philadelphia in efforts to abate them.
" Camden, Tenth Month 22nd, 18S7.
" I have read thy essay on the late confer-
378
THE FRIEND.
Sixth Mo. 19, 189
ence' proceedings with much interest and satis-
faction— presuming that the views expressed
by the Chrhiian Worker are correct, such as
they are warranted in putting forth. The ' dec-
laration' put out seemed to me a weak document
— laboriously accomplishing nothing. I have
parted with the last copy I had, so that I can-
not quote from it, but there is a passage in it
which inculcates that we may and should ap-
propriate to ourselves some of the promises held
out in the Scriptures. The precious promises
so recorded are ofiered to the comfort and help
of states, through the power of the Holy Spirit,
where and as He pleaseth, and thus the salva-
tion and strength of the righteous is of the Lord
only.
"To speak my own conviction as to the result
of the whole, it looks to me as totally ' insignifi-
cant' and worthless.
"Manoeuvreing and subtlety are all out of
place, as well as whitewashing and covering
over and hiding, and throwing people off the
scent, or blinding them with dust — all this I
cannot bear, and could not be harnessed up to
it. To return to thy essay, I like it much and
am glad it has been written."
This letter refers to the Conference held at
Richmond, Indiana, at which deputations from
London and Dublin Yearly Meetings were
present.
lu a letter bearing date Seventh Month 10th,
1886, our beloved Friend expresses his views
in regard to epistolary correspondence between
Yearly Meetings, and mentions his "apprehen-
sion that correspondence might soon take the
shape of admonition on small matters which
would soon cease to be edifying. There seems
with some a total incapacity to make due al-
lowances for the influence of surrounding cir-
cumstances of various kinds, and to draw lines
for conduct and make religion to consist in
walking up to it. This was never the religion
of the Society of Friends. While I have no
fellowship or unity with those who would break
down the hedges, I am concerned that men or
women should refrain from laying on burdens
and marking out the precise path for others,
believing that in a general way it is a mistake,
and is like tying fruit on a tree instead of wait-
ing for it to grow in its proper season. These
have long been settled views with me, longer
than the average length of a generation.
" With regard to correspondence in a gen-
eral way, and its results, I am free to confess I
am shy of it. I think it likely the comfortable,
ea.sy unity may be better maintained by a Chris-
tian independency, than by a close embarrassing
partnership, involving the responsibility of dis-
sent or approval of every act of the partners to
the compact. The experiences and observations
of the last ten years, have not tended in the
direction of changing my views or abating my
fears. The Society can only be kept together
in unity and grow by the same principles upon
which it was gathered from the ' Lo here's and
' Lo there's, and grew by the same, and it will
be ever so. The wisdom of man, whichever
way it tends, either to right hand or to left hand,
will avail nothing."
(To be continued.)
Obedience. — They who hearken to the Lord
and walk in the way of his commandments, go
on from strength to strength ; their peace and
hope increase like a river, which, from small
beginnings, runs broader and deeper, till it falls
into the ocean.
Letter from Switzerland.
Pres Neufchatel, 49 Corcelles.
Fifth Month 20th, 1897.
I will answer your letters together, which I
have just read. I spent the entire afternoon
stretched out under a pine tree on the mountain
side, with a view of indescribable beauty spread
out before us. M. was with me, of course,
stretched out on her shawl, and we both had as
usual a pile of books with us, from which we
occasionally read aloud, but I put in nearly two
hours sleeping.
We had planned for a trip into the mount-
ains this afternoon and to leave immediately
after dinner, but a thunder storm came up di-
rectly over the peaks where we were going, so
we postponed it for another day. It was simply
magnificent from our perch under the pine tree
to look out across the lake far, far below us, and
watch the dark cloud masses rolling up around
some of the peaks, while others were lighted up
by the sun. It is simply beautiful as a dream
here, and we feel so perfectly at home. Every-
thing is so simple and plain as it can be, but
they are such kind-hearted pleasant people. The
daughter and mother live alone, the former
gives the lessons and the latter looks after the
house. The daughter is an extremely cultiva-
ted, educated woman, very bright and enter-
taining, so that we enjoy the time passed indoors
as well as out. She is very kind, introducing
us to her friends, and taking us with her wher-
ever we care to accompany her. She speaks
English and German equally well as French,
but a fine is imposed upon any person wilfully
resorting to their mother tongue. We have a
good deal of amusement over this sometimes,
as there is a German lady and a young English
and a young German girl at the table as well,
and only three French, so the temptation is
strong sometimes when we want to tell an ap-
propriate story or something of the kind.
It is perfectly astonishing to us to notice how
the Swiss peasants diflTer from those of Germany
and France, (the latter we came very little in
contact with.) They are so much more self-
respecting and so much better educated, and
the women are not so imposed upon. So far
we have seen no women working in the fields
or carrying heavy loads. They probably do it
to some extent but far less than in other coun-
tries. It is of course the result of the liberty
that Switzerland has enjoyed for so many cen-
turies.
We are looking forward to a delightful time
in Geneva, when we are ready to go down there
for a week. It has been the refuge of the per-
secuted of all countries for ages, and I am sure
some of the spirit of those old heroes must linger
about the city yet.
But I was going to speak about the terrible
catastophe in Paris, which occurred while we
were there. It was indeed a most dreadful
thing and I avoided speaking of it, not think-
ing it necessary to distress you, but since you
read the account in the paper I am very glad
to relate what I know. The whole city of Paris
was in mourning one might almost say, and for
nearly a week all the better class of places of
amusement were closed. It happened that the
same evening before we knew of the event (it
occurred in the afternoon) we took the impe-
riale of the omnibus for a ride down the Boule-
vards to see them illuminated, and were sur-
prised to see the Grand Opera and other places
like that all dark. But we soon learned the
cause. One of the friends of M. Homraey who
often visited at the house, told us a great many
heart-rending stories, as she lives in the fash
ionable part of the Champs Elysees, in th
centre of the wealth and nobility of Paris, am
it was of course the very wealthiest and nobles
families that carried on the fair. This persoi
of whcm I spoke has a pension for young girls
mostly English. She said that a friend hat
brought tickets that very day, inviting her fc
bring some of her girls with her. Some sligh
thing intervened so they did not go, and wer
thus saved.
You of course understand from the paper
how the fire originated, and that the buildinj
being of wood, lightly built, and completely
lined with light cheesecloth, there was no hopi
for the inmates. What made it worse was tha
it was in a part of the city where there wereveri
few passers by, and then the fire started on thi
side where there was the greatest chance o
escape. In fifteen minutes from the momen
the fire started the entire conflagration was ovei
and the terrible work done. There were fivr
corpses for which there was no demand, or a
least were totally unrecognizable. They wen
interred at Pere Lechaise, the funeral servicet-
being held in Notre Dame. Of course a tre
mendous concourse of people assembled in th(i
cathedral, and the Abbe (I cannot recall hii
name, but he is endowed with remarkable ora-
torical powers), took occasion to deliver a verj
daring sermon, which was published in all tht^
newspapers and created quite a sensation, it
seems. He boldly attacked the political leaders
calling the catastrophe a judgment that had
been permitted to come upon them. Saying
that it had been the innocent who had suffered
Of course bespoke from his Catholic standpoint
and I suppose had special reference to the atti-i
tude of the present government toward tht>
church.
As to the possibility of our having been pres- J
ent, it of course might have been, and yet 1 did
not feel in any way that it was an escape foi
us, for we had not even heard of it ; and yet a
few days afterwards, M. H. told us, she scarcely
trusted herself to mention the circumstances oi
the fire in any way, that perhaps two days be-
fore a friend had called, bringing her tickets
for this bazaar, but she was out at the time so
did not have the opportunity of offering to
take us there. The tickets, however, were foi
general admission, and had no reference to this
day. There being no possibility of deriving
any good from it, we instinctively shrank from
visiting the scene of horror.
E. S. K.
The battle-ship Iowa, the last of the pre-,
raium-built battleships of the navy, made an
average of seventeen knots an hour over the
regular government course, off the Massachu-
setts coast, in the four hours' speed trial required
by the government under the contract. Her
builders, the Cramps of Philadelphia, thus won
the bonus of $200,000 offered under the con-
tract. The Imoa " is today the acknowledged
queen of the navy, if not the most formidable
battle-ship afloat." The boniLS given to the
Cramps for building this death-dealing monster
was exactly the same in amount as the sum
voted by Congress to assist in relieving the
thousands of flood-stricken families in the lower
Mississippi districts! Two hundred thousand
dollars is considered a large and generous sum
when given to a really humane and Christian
object, but when given as an extra inducement
to make a superior instrument of death it is a
mere nothing. — Advocate of Peace.
ixth Mo. 19, 1897
THE FRIEND.
379
; William Jackson's Visit to England.
(Concladed from page 371.)
William Jackson's next draft was to Ireland,
lUt the weather being very stormy, several days
lapsed before there was an opportunity to cross.
)n the afternoon of the seventeenth of Tenth
lonth, he went on board the vessel, and the
hip moved off with a fair and gentle wind.
Jut it proved a hard passage. A storm came
n and drove them to the northward. They
rere detained so long that their provisions were
early exhausted. Of his own feelings, William
lys, "As it had been a time of deep searching
>ith me,andexaminiugof every step, and query-
's ^^^y should I have such trials at sea, yet
ould not find wherein I could have turned
therways with the same degree of clearness,
leref'ore, though hard to bear, my mind was
lade comfortably quiet under it; and as I
alked the deck to and fro with my mind re-
red, ruminating on our present situation, the
eclaration of the Royal Psalmist sprang up in
ly remembrance, ' I was once young, and now
, am old ; yet have I never seen the righteous
)rsakeu nor his seed begging bread.' " After
voyage of eight days they arrived at Dublin.
In his journey through Ireland, he found
lany of the meetings very small and weak.
lI Lurgan Quarterly Meeting, held on the
xth and seventh of the Twelfth Month, he
let with Mary Xaftet, a ministering Friend
•om the Island of Guernsey, who at one time
as in this country on a religious visit. Of
lis meeting he says, " It has been a time of
jSart-felt pain and exercise, there being scarce
ae father among them, and the young men
lat were strong, not being such as had suffi-
ciently overcome the wicked one, so that it was
•ying work for some that were there to keep
nything of tolerable order."
In enumerating the different meetings he at-
3nded in quick succession, he mentions more
■lan once lodging at the house of that valuable
|iinister,JohnConran. The damp climateoflre-
md did not agree with his delicate constitution,
) that he became quite unwell. He says, " The
ays were now at the shortest, the sun not
.sing until twenty-three minutes after eight
'clock. In the morning the air being extremely
arkened by a thick fog, and a very hard frost,
, had an appearance like I had never seen,
'he ground as white as if covered with a light
lov/, and the air as if it was darkened with a
ery fine shower, yet could not be seen to fall
) the ground. So it continued for several days
od nights, and then came on a hard storm of
ind and rain. In this time of frost it was so
xceedingly chilly and cold, to step but just
ut of the door. I thought it was more strik-
ig than our coldest northwest wind in Ameri-
i."
When at Grange, he lodged with " old Thom-
s Green," who was as a father to him, " and
is daughter that kept his house, was affection-
te, kind and attentive in nursing me, though
le wa5 one of those that were led off by the
;ucifer spirit that has fallen upon the Society
1 this part. Many are quite gone off, and
isowned Friends and their meetings, and some
ther part of the way — attending meetings for
■orship but not for discipline. She was one of
lis description. I had two or more solid op-
ortunities of conversation with her on the oc-
asion, and it appeared to do away that shyness
1 great measure that seems to be sucked in by
bem, and her love towards us seemed to be
icreased ; but, oh, I had scarce any hope of
nything from it, durable. The defection of
heart is such that they are harder to be re-
claimed than if they had never known the way
of truth."
The separation in Ireland, of which William
Jackson speaks, is frequently referred to in the
letters and journals of Friends who lived at
that time; but the Friend who prei)ares this
narrative for publication does not know of any
connected and detailed account of it. But he
believes the points at issue referred [irobably
to the Divinity and offices of the S:iviour, and
to the authority of the Holy Scriptures.
The MS.S. account from which this narrative
is drawn, speaks of many more meetings held
in Ireland, but does not follow William Jack-
son in his further labors in England and Scot-
land, or during his return voyage to America,
which he reached in safety, and where he con-
tinued to reside for many years.
For "The Fuiknd."
An Excursion to Ancora.
There exists in Philadelphia and the parts of
the country adjacent to it, an association of stu-
dents of natural history, known as the Dela-
ware Valley Association, which occasionally
makes excursions to points of interest. On the
twenty-ninth of Fifth Month, the place selected
for examination was Ancora, on the railroad
between Philadelphia and Atlantic City, on
the borders of the Pine districts, where Cedar
Swamps, Cranberry bogs and sandy uplands
combined to furnish good exploring ground.
The day was cool and pleasant, and more than
one hundred of those interested in the study of
natural history, gathered at the Ancora house
in the morning. After some general remarks
on the characteristics of the Pine barren region,
the company were divided into two sections,
which set out in difi'erent directions, under the
guidance of some .who were familiar with the
lay of the land.
The party was in good spirits, cheerful and
sociable, ready to be pleased, and their atten-
tion was from time to time excited by meeting
with fresh objects of interest, especially in the
Cranberry bog to which we were led. The Cran-
berry vine ( Vaccinium macrocarpon), is itself
a peculiar plant. Its native home is a bog or
swamp, in the slush of which the slender vines
run for several feet, sending up numerous short
upright stems, which bear the flowers and fruit.
The pretty flowers, of a pale rose color, had not
yet appeared. The leaves are small and ever-
green and thickly set on the stems. In the cul-
tivation of the cranberry, it is essential to have
a supply of water, with which when desired,
the bog can be flooded, so as to kill out grass
and weeds, and prevent the depredations of
insects.
Scattered here and there over the surface of
the bog were deep green leaves, smooth and of
a velvety appearance, lance-shaped and six or
eight inches in length, and all springing di-
rectly from the root, without the intervention
of a stem. This foliage was so unlike in its ap-
pearance to any other that grew there, as to at
once attract the notice of the observer. The
flowers were of a golden yellow color, crowdeil
on the end of a stem of a foot or more in length ;
from this is derived its common name, Golden
Club {Oroniium aquaticum). It is also called
" Never Wet," because water runs off from the
leaves without wetting them. The seeds and
rootstalk are said to be edible when their acrid
properties are removed by boiling.
Another plant that seemed to awaken still
more enthusiasm among our women excursion-
ists was the curious Side Saddle flower or Pitcher
Plant ( Sarracenia purpurea). The leaves come
directly from the root. They are pitcher-shaped,
curved, and with a broad wing. The internal
hollow is surmount«<l with a hood, the inner face
of which is clothed with stiff bristles pointing
downward. The cup is usually part full of
water, which contains a multitude of drowned
insects. Indeed these leaves are regular fly-
traps. An insect that lights on the inside of the
hood is almost certain to descend into the in-
terior. The bristles with which the hood islined,
while permitting the descent of the victim, ren-
der escape difficult, thus exemplifying the truth
of V^irgii's assertion — Facilii daicerunM Averiii (it
is easy t<j go down to destruction.
The plants were finely in bloom, and the
large dark purple flowers were very attractive
to our party, numbers of whom carried home
with them specimens.
Another curious family of insect-eating plants
that grew in the low, sandy grounds of the pine
barrens is the Sun-dew (Drosera). We found
three species of them, the Round-leaved, the
Long-leaved, and the Thread -leaved. Theae
leaves are all clothed with reddish gland-bear-
ing bristles, which exude dro])s of a clear glu-
tinous fluid, glistening like dew-drops, whence
the common name " Sun-dew." These glands
form an effective apparatus for entrapping gnats
and other small insects. When such an one
alights on the leaves, it is held by the glutinous
fluid, and in a short time the hair it has touched
bends inward, and the adjacent hairs also fold
inward, so that soon the insect is firmly fastened.
Its presence probably stimulates the glands to
pour out additional secretions, which destroy its
life. Then the glands absorb its juices — so that
these plants feed not only on the sap drawn
from the earth, but also on the animals they
destroy. In the middle of summer, one can
scarcely find a plant which does not show on its
leaves one or more insects which have thus con-
tributed to support this carnivorous little plant.
It was too early in the season to find the flow-
ers, which are a purple rose-color in Drosera
Jilifarmis, and white in the other two species.
The Cranberr)' bog furnished us with still
another genus of carnivorous plants — the Blad-
derwort {Uiricularia). Of this we found two
species — the Greater Bladderwort ( Utricularia
vulgaris), has its stem immersed in the water,
and crowded with thread-like leaves. These
bear numerous little bladders which are filled
with air and float the plant at the time of flow-
ering, so that the flowers can open in the air-
After the season of blossoming, the bladders be.
come filled with water, and the plant descends
to ripen its seeds at the bottom.
The quiet waters in which these plants grow
abound in minute animalcuhe, called Entomos-
traca, which form the principal food of young
fishes. These have the power of motion, and
their activity and curiosity oflen lead to their
destruction when living among utricularia. The
little bladders of these have lids which open in-
wards. The minute Cyclops presses on the lid,
which sinks before it. Ttie animal enters and
the lid flies back to its place, and the poor Cy-
clops is left a prisoner and soon dies. Dr. Mac-
farlane told us that on coming home after a
long walk, he threw some utricularia he had
collected in a basin of water, which contained
numerous animalcuhe. On examining it a few
days afterwards, he found these had nearly all
disappeared, having been devoured by the plants.
We found also another species ' Utricularia
subuhia), a delicate little plant, which had yel-
380
THE FRIEND.
Sixth Mo. 19, 189
low flowers supported on simple, thread-like
stems, and mostly without leaves.
Several of our party were much pleased to see
a Holly tree in bloom. They had long been fa-
miliar "with the deep green, spiny leaves, but
had not before met with the loose clusters of
small flowers found along the bases of the young
branches and in the axils of the leaves.
In the low grounds we saw many specimens
of the stagger-bush {Andromeda mariana). The
flowers are pitcher-shaped, like many of the
Whortleberry family and allied genera, are white
and larger than in most similar plants, and are
quite beautiful. The leaves are said to be poi-
sonous to young animals, and the honey collected
from the blossoms by bees is said to be more or
less poisonous.
Another common and pretty species of the
Heath family was the Lucothce racemosa, in
which the white flowers hung in long, one-sided
racemes at the end of the branchlets.
(To be concluded.)
Selected.
Revelations from God in Dreams.
My friend, a retired sea-captain and a Chris-
tian, tells me that one night, while on the sea,
he dreamed that a ship's crew were in great
suflfering. Waking up from his dream, he put
about the ship, tacked in different directions,
surprised everybody on the vessel — they thought
he was going crazy— sailed on in another di-
rection hour after hour, and for many hours,
until he came to the perishing crew and rescued
them, and brought them to New York. Who
conducted that dream ? The God of the sea.
In 1695, a vessel went out from Spithead for
West India, and ran against the ledge of rocks
called the Caskets. The vessel went down, but
the crew clambered up on the Caskets, to die
of thirst or starvation, as they supposed. But
there was a ship bound for Southampton that
had the captain's son on board. This lad twice
in one night dreamed that there was a crew of
sailors dying on the Caskets. He told his father
of his dream. The vessel came down by the
Caskets in time to find and rescue those two
dying men. Who conducted that dream ? The
God of the rocks, the God of the sea.
God has often appeared in dreams to rescue
and comfort. You have known people — per-
haps it is something I state in your own experi-
ence— you have seen people go to sleep with
bereavements inconsolable, and they awakened
in perfect resignation because of what they had
seen in slumber. Dr. Crannage, one of the
most remarkable men I ever met — remarkable
for benevolence and great philanthropies — at
Wellington, England, showed me a house where
the Lord had api)eared in a wonderful dream to
a poor woman. The woman was rheumatic, sick,
poor to the last point of destitution. She was
waited on and cared for by another poor woman,
her only attendant. Word came to her one day
that this poor woman had died, and the invalid
of whom I am speaking lay helplessly upon the
couch, wondering what would become of her.
In that mood she fell asleep. In her sleep she
said the Angel of the Lord appeared, and took
her into the open air, and pointed in one direc-
tion, and there were mountains of bread, and
pointed in another direction, and there were
mountains of butter, and in another direction,
and there were mountains of all kinds of worldly
supply. The Angel of the Lord said to her:
" Woman, all tliese mountains belong to your
Father, and do you think that He will let'you,
his child, hunger and die ?" Dr. Crannage told
me, by some Divine impulse he went into that
destitute home, saw the sufiering there, and ad-
ministered unto it, caring for her all the way
through. Do you tell me that that dream was
woven out of earthly anodynes? Was that the
phantasmagoria of a diseased brain ? No ; it
was an all-sympathetic God addressing a poor
woman through a dream.
Furthermore, I have to say, that there are
people in this house who were converted to God
through a dream. John Newton, the fame of
whose piety fills all Christendom, while a profli-
gate sailor on shipboard, in his dream, thought
that a being approached him and gave him a
very beautiful ring, and put it upon his finger,
and said to him : " As long as you wear that
ring, you will be prospered ; if you lose that
ring you will be ruined." In the same dream
another personage appeared, and by a strange
infatuation persuaded John Newton to throw
that ring overboard, and it sank into the sea.
Then the mountains in sight were full of fire,
and the air was lurid with consuming wrath.
While John Newton was repenting of his folly
in having thrown overboard the treasure, an-
other personage came through the dream, and
told John Newton he would plunge into the sea
and bring the ring up if he desired it. He
plunged into the sea and brought it up, and
said to John Newton: "Here is that gem, but
I think I will keep it for you, lest you lose it
again ;" and John Newton consented, and all
the fire went out from the mountains, and all
the signs of lurid wrath disappeared from the
air ; and John Newton said that he saw in his
dream that that valuable gem was his soul, and
that the being who persuaded him to throw it
overboard was Satan, and that the one who
plunged in and restored that gem, keeping it
for him, was Christ. And that dream makes
one of the most wonderful chapters in the life
of that most wonderful man.
John Hardock, while on shipboard, dreamed
one night that the day of judgment had come,
and that the roll of the ship's crew was called
except his own name, and that these people,
this crew, were all banished ; and in his dream
he asked the reader why his own name was
omitted, and he was told it was to give him
more opportunity for repentance. He woke up
a diflerent man. He became illustrious for
Christian attainment. — T. DeWitl Talmage.
No Smoker.s. — ■ Ager's paper mill, in L}"^-
onsdale, N. Y., has been running twenty-eiglit
years without fire or accidents. Considering
the chronic habit of paper mills to fires, explo-
sions, and the killing or maiming of employees,
this is a remarkable record. It may perhaps be
accounted for by the following sentence in a
note from the proprietors: No smokers or in-
temperate men are employed." The danger of
employing drinking men in any business is well
understood, but there is not so much stress
placed upon smoking. Yet there is no doubt
that many a costly paper mill has been burned
by a half-lighted match thrown carelessly away,
or by sparks from a cigar or pipe falling among
the combustible material that fills and composes
these establishments. It may seem rather hard
to refuse to employ a competent man simpl}' be-
cause he sometimes smol^es a pipe, but that
habit certainly involves danger in the business
of paper making. At all events the most strin-
gent rules may be duly enforced against smok-
ing by anybody — employees or employers — on
or about the premises at any time. Prevention
is considerably preferable to conflagration. —
Western Paper Trade.
THE THINNING RANKS.
MAKGAKET E. SANGSTER,
The rtay grows lonelier ; the air
Is chiller than it used to be.
AVe hear about us everywhere
The hanntin? chords of memory.
Dear faces once that made our joy
Have vanished from the sweet home band ;
Dear tasks that were our loved employ
Have dropped from out our loosened hand.
Familiar names In childhocd given
None call us by, save those in heaven.
We cannot talk with later friends
Of those old times to which love lends
Such mystic haze of soft regret ;
We would not, if we could, forget
The sweetness of the bygone hours.
So priceless are love's faded flowers;
But lonelier grows the waning day,
And much we miss upon the way.
Our comrades who have heard the call
That soon or late must summon all.
Ah, well ! the day grows lonelier here.
Thank God, it doth not yet appear
What thrill of perfect bliss awaits
Those who pass on within the gates.
O, dear ones who have left my side.
And passed beyond the swelling tide,
I know that you will meet me when
1 too shall leave these ranks of men
And find the glorious company
Of saints from sin forever free,
Of angels who do always see
The face of Christ, and ever stand
Serene and strong at God's right hand.
The day grows lonelier, the air
Hath waftings strangely keen and cold.
But woven in, O glad, O rare,
What love notes from the hills of gold !
Dear crowding faces gathered there,
Dear blessed tasks that wait our hand,
AVhat joy, what pleasure shall we share,
Safe anchored in the one home-land !
Close up, O comrades, close the ranks ;
Press onward, waste no Heeing hour !
Beyond the outworks, lo ! the banks
Of that full tide where life hath power,
And Satan lieth underfoot.
And sin is killed, even at the root.
Close up, close fast the wavering line,
Ye who are led by One divine.
The day grows lonelier apace,
But heaven shall be our trysting place.
— The Conffregatwnalisl.
The Wilderness Ever Encroaching.-
While the late Dr. Joseph Henderson McCartyi
was delivering a lecture in Saginaw, Mich.,
three young bears were caught by boys, or elaSf
one bear was caught by three boys, in a street"
of that young city. They had wandered ini
from the surrounding forests, but this did not
excite special wonder at the time ; the fact is
that nature, like the sea, is ever struggling tol
regain its lost ascendancy.
On Long Island, within a short distance froBW
large cities, towns and splendid estates, wildl
deer have multiplied so rapidly during thct
closed season as to become a veritable pesfai
They are eating up the crops of the people andi
destroying plants and shrubs and flowers.
The same thing has happened in another part
of the country, with respect to more dangerou8|
animals. It has not been very long since
Maine the bounty was removed, or greatly <
minished, for killing bears, and as they increased
so rapidly as to decome dangerous to life, i "
bounty had to be restored.
It has been computed by a naturalist that
one hundred and twenty years would be suffi-'
cient to cover this whole continent as thickly
with forests as it was when the first discoverers
arrived. — Chri.flian Advocate.
ixth Mo. 10, 1897
THE FRIEND.
381
For "The Fkiknd."
[The following is the copy of a letter written
ly Abel Thomas to Thomas and Mary Wister, of
he city of Philadelphia, dated Tenth Month 1st,
813]:
Beloved Friends, Thomas and Mary Wister: —
am at this time at Providenre, at Moses
Jrowu's in good health, and have been so since
left your house, and may inform you that I
ave had a prosperous journey so far, and have
Imost labored through all the meetings belong-
Qg to this Yearly Meeting. In a few days it
5 likely I shall travel towards New York State,
aking in my way Pomfried and Kenford,
owards New Melford and Oblong, taking in
he meetings of Friends on towards Denlay and
i'orgburg, and to return back again to Grau-
ille, Queensbury, and down the west side of
he river to Saratoga, and there turn west to
nesting of Friends at Farmington, and back
gain to Saratoga, and down the river to Marl-
lornugh and the meetings thereaway to Corn-
;fall, New Windsor, and then across the river
0 New York and then return home to my
amily.
Although I have had a prosperous journey,
t hath been a rough one, on which I have been
Imost ready to faint often, but He whom my
oul loveth more than all below, did interfere
nd did make hard things easy and bitter things
weet, because He did know that I loved Him
nd often did manifest to me beyond imagina-
ion or shadow of doubting that He did love
oe because He did know that I was doing all
could to please Him, and I do feel myself well
atisfied, richly paid for the little services He
equired of me. It is not very likely I have ac-
omplished much more than half my visits set
lefore me last spring was a year. I let no one
:dow, no not my wife, the extent of my visit
intil I was, as it were, raised up from the dead
n your city, where my Master let me know
hat He would go with me, which He hath ful-
illed to this day, which is consolation great to
Qe, insomuch that I feel no desire or iuclina-
ion for to go home to see my dear wife and
ihildreu. I have so far followed out the path
hat was pointed out to me more than one year
)ast without coming to my knowledge, either
he right or the left, and I do see the path as
:lear before me opened as in the beginning, and
t is my greatest pleasure to walk in it without
)eing anyways daunted at what might befal this
)ody in a cold, freezing winter. My friends,
Therever ray lot is cast, both young and old,
how a great deal of respect to me.
From what is above written concerning my
vife and children, do not judge that I esteem
ightly. I cannot judge that there is any hus-
)and amongst men that have more near and
lear atlectiou to woman than I do feel for her,
ind also my children ; but this I will men-
ion, from certain knowledge that I do love my
Master more than wife or children, house or
and or any created thing in this lone world,
vhen He is pleased to hide his face from me
or the increase of my love to Him, my wife
md children are but little account to me, neither
dl the world, the glories and pleasures thereof.
My esteemed friend Moses Brown and his son-
n-law, William Almey, has purchased a new
md convenient carriage for me to ride in, to
ake home to be my own.
My little horse, well harnessed anew, wherein
^ can shut myself up from the rain and from
he snow. The little horse is very tractable in
t, and I find it easier for him than carrying
ue on his back, and much mure so for me ; a
four wheeled carriage, not easily overset— a new
invention, not long in fashion. I never saw the
like in our country.
I do desire one of you to write to my wife and
let her know that I do intend to write to her
when I come to the Hudson or North Iliver. It
may be four weeks. Tell her that I intend to
supply myself with winter clothes, a cloth jacket,
and low flannel shirts, I have wherewith so to
do. I expect that my wife will be at the Yearly
Meeting at Baltimore, and if this come into
your hands in time you may likely send it by
some Friend of your city attending that meet-
ing, if not, direct it to care of William Railey,
where she makes her home.
I may say in sincerity I am united in love to
you and to your children, more than I can liu<i
words to express. I often feel you near to my
heart. Tell my great little friend Thomas Slew-
ard.son that I do love him and wish him all
good.
And, dear Thomas, one thing more I desire
thee to oblige in, and that is if any of ray people
inquire where I am and what I am about, so
long from home, tell them the old pedlar is
moving about, all weather, from house to house
and from one meeting to another, frequently of-
fering his goods upon public sale, and although
he had but a very small pack when he left home,
it was so unaccountably heavy that he could not
walk straight under it, but that as he continued
trading he hath parted with a great quantity of
goods, and also it must appear admiraiile that
he cannot perceive that his pack is in the least
dirainished, but considerable more goes in it,
that he judges himself that he has as good an
assortment of goods as almost any in his occupa-
tion, although not so flashy, have to wear as
well. Whether it is the profit from the sale of
his goods, or whether he has grown stronger,
that he must leave, only repeat a saying he hatii
heard, " Money makes the mare go." However
his pack being much larger and fuller of goods,
he says he can carry it along with ease and
walk straight up without grieving or being in
the least weary. And as the old pedlar does
know most certainly the goods is not his own,
but a living profit is allowed him in the sale of
the goods, he is anxious to make what he can
for himself; but the poor pedlar is sometimes
disappointed in the sale of his goods. Master
will not suflTer him to carry the key of his pack
when he comes to the market among his cus-
tomers, he must there wait until his ^Master gives
him the key, and he sometimes stays long, and
sometimes he comes not at all ; the poor pedlar
is then very low, seeing his customers out of
patience, laying all the disappointments on him
— why did he call us here to buy and would
not offer his goods on sale. Truly, from the
reasoning of men it is provoking, truly. .The
poor pedlar cannot help it. He is so little, so
unlearned, so ignorant, that it is not worth
while for him to attempt to make a temporary
key that he might open his pack when he
pleases. I did not understand that the pedlar
was any wise likely to murmur or be uneasy
that he undertook such a long jouruey, for I
heard him say in a solemn frame of mind that
his yoke was easy and his burden light, and in
strict obedience to his Jlaster's pointings he
never was happier in his life, more clear and
distinctly understanding his voice.
Seemed as if I had been and am in conversa-
tion with you in a good deal of love and freedom,
and hardly know how to close. The old pedlar
has found out the reason that his little pack was
so unaccountably heavy that he could hardly
live under it, which is this : his Master told him
last spring was a year he should make ready
to go out a long journey peddling, and there
hath never been in the least one tittle of his
views diminished or added. He wanted to know
whether he might take the Jerseys last winter,
which he found freeilom so to do, and on his
return found that he had made considerable
profit to himself from the sale of the goods he
dealt away.
When he came home he was easy and happy
that he was once more at home with his little
family — they were so near to him, that he did
not know how to leave them again ; and more
so his wife, whom he was .so nearly united to,
when the Lord's hand was not heavy on him,
he so wanted to be excused he soon fell \nU> a
train of reasoning by and from which his Mas-
ter was (ittended, and as it were spoken to him
in or with a sound language.
And as it was admissible to me my endeared
wife, that I did love more than all in the world,
soon became withered in my view that I .saw
little more comeliness in her than in any other
woman, and now the poor pedlar's troubles be-
gan. He thought he had offended his blaster,
so that He hid his face from him and that he
could find Him nowhere, yet he could see the
way clear where He had marked out for him to
travel in. With a woe sounding in his ears fre-
quently, the poor pedlar was almost distracted.
He had to bring his case before the judges for
some encouragement ; but there were so many
ifs and ands, would not express unity without
addition of human strength, according to cus-
tom. Then the poor, weak pedlar added greatly
to the weight of his little pack in offering to
speak in his own defence, which he ought not
have done ; he ought to have left that to his
Master without meddling with it ; although he
did know at that time that it was his Master's
will that he should go on this great visit. And
thus self was the cause of the poor jjedlar's little
pack being so very heavy.
I do not know whether this writing can be
read properly, there is so many misses in it. I
could have added much more concernine the
kind entertainment I had in thy agreeable
family, united to me in love, and my walking
so under thy wing to meetings amongst a crowd ;
and them I hardly conceive I shall ever see
more.
I must conclude with a great deal of love.
Tell my little smart boy that the old Friend is
travelling about, and has not sine* been home;
and that he remembers his love to him and
wishes him to be a good boy.
Abel Thomas.
An Example for the Peesext Moment.
— " The bloody theme of war came up for con-
sideration, and I was summoned by the voice
of God to decide whether I would stand for or
against it. I saw that it was a vast system of
manslaughter, even in its most excusable form,
— unfraternal, savage, and barbarous; anti-
Christian, irrational, and full of monstrous evils.
I saw that it was based on the assumed right-
fulness of resisting evil with evil, and overcom-
ing deadly force with deadly force, which Christ,
both with precept and example, unqualifiedly
forbade his diciples to do even towards their
worst enemies. He had laid his great regen-
erative axe at the root of this upas-tree, and it
must be destroyed trunk and branches. I was
fully convinced of this, and took my stand ac-
cordingly. Starting from the Divine funda-
mental principle of pure, universal goodwill, of
882
THE FRIEND.
Sixth Mo. 19, m\
absolute love, I felt bound to go with that
principle wherever it carried me, for all that it
dictated, against all that it condemned.
" I did not allow myself to be sophisticated
into any excuse for defensive war, or resorts to
so-called justifiable force in extreme cases, but
committed myself to total abstinence from all
war, preparations for war, glorifications of war,
and organic action involving any resorts what-
ever to deadly force against my fellow-men. I
would neither fight, vote, pray, nor give any
approval of any custom, practice or act, which
contravened the law of perfect love toward God,
toward my fellow moral agents, or the universal
highest gooiiV—Adiii Ballou.
The Epistle to All Bearing the Name of
Friends.
Probably many of our readers will remember
that Philadelphia Yearly Meeting, in the Fourth
Month last, addressed an epistle to all bodies
bearing the name of Friends, without reference
to any question of organization. The object was
renewedly to call attention to the fundamental
principles of our Society, and to strengthen the
hands of those who were concerned that their
fellow-members might rally to the support of
those principles. It was addressed to meetings
and the members composing them, and its proper
distribution was referred to a committee.
At a meeting of this committee held soon
after the Yearly Meeting, arrangements were
made for the preparation of printed copies to
be signed by the Clerk of the Yearly Meeting
and forwarded to the various bodies designed
to be reached, and it was also decided to print
ten thousand copies for distribution among their
members.
Another meeting of the Committee was held
on the fourth of Sixth Month, at which report
was made that copies had been forwarded to
the Yearly Meeting which convenes at Fifteenth
and Race Streets, in Philadelphia, to London
and to the several bodies in the State of New
York, and in short to all those bodies whose
meetings occur before the close of the Sixth
Month. It had been read, and so far as ap-
peared, kindly received, in the meeting at Fif-
teenth and Race Streets, and in that in New
York, of which James Wood acted as Clerk,
the only meetings from which information has
as yet been received.
The Friend to whom had been referred the
distribution among the members of the body
meeting at Fifth and Race Streets, reported
that he had been much assisted by the kindness
of two of its members ; one of whom had en-
dorsed about twelve hundred envelopes address-
ed to members of their diflTerent Monthly Meet-
ings in the City of Philadelphia ; and the other
had given information enabling him to reach the
members generally belonging to their country
meetings. This work had nearly been com-
pleted, including in all the distribution of about
two thousand seven hundred copies of the Epis-
tle.
The Recording Clerk of London Yearly
Meeting had sent for five hundred copies, but
the distribution within its limits and in the
South Pacific was yet incomplete.
Our own members who are desirous of pos-
sessing a copy of this document can be supplied
by applying at the Book Store, 304 Arch St.,
Philadelphia.
God has many voices with which to speak
to those who will listen.
The Abolition of Slavery in Zanzibar and
Pemba.
The London Friend of twenty-first ult., con-
tains a letter from F. W. Fox, from which the
following is taken :
"The proclamation of the Decree for the
immediate abolition of the legal status of sla-
very, made by H. R. H. the Sultan at the Pal-
ace, on Fourth Month 6th, may be said figura-
tively speaking, to have converted the two islands
of Zanzibar and Pemba from a land of bond-
age into a land of liberty. This great social
and economic revolution, which will prove the
death-blow to East African Slavery, has been
carried out so far amidst every outward sign of
perfect peace and good order.
In order that its perfect announcement should
be made as far as possible simultaneously to all
the Arabs in the two islands, it was arranged
that fifty representative Arab Sheikhs, heads
of the various tribes in the island of Pemba, as
well as sixty or seventy leading Arabs of the
island of Zanzibar, should be summoned to ap-
pear on Third-day last before the Sultan, so as
to hear the edict read. The Sultan and Sir
Lloyd Mathews also gave instructions that its
provisions should be read and explained to
groups of these Arabs the day preceding the
ofiicial proclamation at the palace, so that they
might clearly understand their meaning and
scope.
The Sultan first invited to the palace his
brother and other members of the Sultan's fam-
ily, and had the clauses read to them. Then
he received the fifty Pemba Arabs, and subse-
quently the Zanzibar Arabs. Sir Lloyd Ma-
thews was also present with the Sultan at the
reading of the decree to these several groups
of Arabs, and he was greatly pleased with the
excellent and wise advice the.Sultan then gave
his Arab subjects, to the effect, that on return-
ing to their respective shambas, or plantations,
they should adopt a conciliatory and kind at-
titude towards their slaves, so that by means
of mutual concessions, the present relations be-
tween employer and employee should be as
little as possible disturbed. In addition to the
measures taken to inform the Arabs, Hardinge,
the Consul General, and Sir Lloyd Mathews,
had the Decree posted up at all the official
residences of the Walis (or governors) in the
three districts into which the island of Zanzibar
is sub-divided, and in the two-subdivisions of
the island of Pemba.
The news of the ofEcial proclamation of tht
new slave trade regulations rapidly spread dur-
ing Third-day morning throughout the town of
Zanzibar, but no disturbances ensued. The
Indian shop-keepers, were, however, seized with
. a panic, and closed all their shops in the after-
noon, as they anticipated there would be some
riots during the afternoon and evening. Sir
Lloyd Mathews took the precaution of station-
ing soldiers in various parts of the town, and
Hardinge made arrangements to land a few
marines if necessary ; but everywhere the day
passed off perfectly quiet.
The Arabs, who, owing to exaggerated ru-
mors previously spread by German, French and
other residents, had been led to expect their
slaves would be forcibly taken away from them,
were agreeably surprised to fiud when the De-
cree was explained to them that its terms and
conditions were so moderate, and that it would
be still possible, by kind and judicious treat-
ment, to retain their employees on their plan-
tations. I am told the Arab masters will now
probably offer their slaves larger plots of Ian
to cultivate and crop on their own account dui
ing three days of the week, in return for a fou
day's service for their masters on the shambaii
If some such arrangement as this can be mad(
it may be hoped that the cultivation of th
shambas will still continue to be carried o
much as at present, only under conditions c
improved relations between employers and enci
ployees.
Although a week has elapsed since the pre
mulgation of the Decree, the authorities in Zar
zibar have not heard up to the present tim
that any slaves have applied for their freedonc
though undoubtedly when some of the mor
courageous and intelligent have taken the nee
steps to obtain their certificates of libera
numbers of slaves will then follow thei
Yours very sincerely,
Francis William Fox.'
Zanzibar, Fourth Mo. 13th, 1897.
tion
example.
The Insidious Influence of the Soil on Health,
Much attention has been given of late
domestic sanitation. The average modern housti
has better drainage than the millionaire's man
sion of twenty years ago. In most cities plumb'
ing must be executed under official supervision!
and the public health has been greatly benefitecij
in consequence.
Not enough thought, however, has been given
to the insidious influence of the soil upon health]
Dr. Bowditch, of Boston, and Dr. Buchannani
of England, by their simultaneous investigationi(
showed the important relations which ground
moisture bears to consumption, and I am in|
clined to think that the health of the commu |
nity is more effected by the sanitary state of the
soil than by all other influences. This is par-
ticularly true of New York, where there is 8C
much made land, and where the soil in manj
places is made damp by old water courses
polluted by the leakage from gas, water and'
steam pipes. Wherever the earth is turned ufj
to lay sewers or water mains, there is an un-i
mistakable odor of illuminating gas, and thei
ground everywhere is more or less contaminated I
It is well known that illuminating gas will pass] (
through frozen ground and crevices in rock foi
a long distance, and so will cesspool air. Neithei
foundation walls nor cement flooring are a bar-
rier to damp or foul air, while their entrance
is accelerated by the suction of stoves and open
fireplaces. The well-known experiments of Pet-
tenkofer and Professor Doremus may be referred
to in this connection.
The mortality charts of the health board
show a close relation between the prevalence,
of certain diseases and the condition of the soil-
In low-lying or saturated sections, typhoid,
diphtheria, malarial fever, and other diseases
find a permanent home. If Manhattan Island
could be thoroughly drained, consumption would
undoubtedly diminish.
Our over-heated houses are like gigantic cup-
ping-houses, and any impurities in the soil will
inevitably be diS'used throughout dwellings.
In Bombay the plague has flourished most in
houses with floors saturated with dripping fau-
cets and drainage. House plants die if placed
in a water-logged soil, and human habitations,
like their occupants, should not have wet feet.
In testing a suburban residence with the smoke
test recently, I discovered that cesspool air was
being forced back into the house through mi-
nute crevices in the soil from quite a distance.
In a large apartment house the emanations from
surface water in the cellar, heated by an adja-
Ixth Mo. 19,
THE FRIEND.
383
'ent boiler, rose through the casing around a
'aste pipe into a bed-room on tlie tenth floor,
nd caused malaria among the inmates. When
he opening was plastered up the attacks ceased.
Many like cases indicate that more attention
aould be given to the eflects of such conditions
n health. I should be glad to obtain from
our readers further evidence to corroborate
■lese observations. — Charles F. Wingate in Med-
■al Recorder.
Natural History, Science, etc.
Flijlng i^o.i-e«.— This is the name given in
le East Indies to a large species of bat, which
;eds on fruit. S. J. Stone in his journeys in
16 Himalayas, says they commit great devas-
itions during the nights, cannot be kept ofl^
56 trees when the fruit is ripening. They
robably destroy more than fifty per cent, of
le crop.
These pests come every evening in thousands,
jmain in the gardens during the night, and
;turn before morning to their retreats in the
)wer parts of the Rangra district — at least
fty miles in a direct line of flight.
Human ingenuity has not yet invented means
f protecting the fruit from them. It is well
nown that flying-foxes travel enormous dis-
inces in search of food, and this is a case in
oint: Sterndale, in \\\s Mammalia of India, ^.
■9, says that these bats are exceedingly strong
a the wing. One of these animals boarded
le steamer he was on when it was more than
vo hundred miles from land. Their depreda-
ons seriously effect the planters' profits. If
othing can be done to prevent them, the fly-
ig-foxes may, in the end, ruin the industry
Tiii: Enamel Flower. — At our young pea
le's meeting lately, one of our friends spoke of
le temptations and discouragements to which
usy men are specially subject. It seemed al-
most impossible to keep pure in the whirl of
I "It brings to my mind," said he, "an ind-
ent which a friend told me a short time ago.
t''hile travelling among the coal mines of Penn-
dvauia he noticed how very dingy the towns
piieared. The coal dust seemed to blacken
uildings, trees, shrubs— everything. But as
e and a foreman were walking near the mines
e noticed a beautiful white flower. _ Its petals
ere as pure as if it were blooming in a daisy
eld.
" ' What care the owner of this plant must take
f it,' said A., ' to keep it so free from dust and
irt.'
' " ' See here,' said the foreman, and, taking up
handful of coal dust, threw it over the flower.
: immediately ran off, and left the flower as
ainless as before.
"'It has an enamel,' the foreman explained,
which prevents any dust from clinging to it.
think it must have been created for just such
place.'
"I have often thought of this white flower,"
Dntinued our friend. " If we are covered by
le enamel which Jesus will give to all who ask
[im,even his own blood, we need not fearthat
le press of business or contact with a sinful
orld will stain our hearts or lives."— Intelli-
meer.
In the autumn of 1825, a musical festival
as held in the Minster at York, England.
ames Backhouse, under a great concern lest,
D account of its being under the semblance of
iligion, any well-disposed people should be
ensnared by it, issued an address of warning in
which he says: "Seeing that (iod is a spirit,
and they that worship Him must worship Him
in spirit and in truth," according to the decla-
ration of Christ, the question arises, What is
there in all this pomp and parade? Is the mind
rendered more sensible of its fallen and lost
slate? Are the audience humbled into a sense
of their own inability to do anything of them-
selves, to save themselves from under the do-
minion of sin ? Is their faith strengthened in
dependence upon the help that is in Christ
alone? Is it not rather the case that the mind
being drawn into a sort of solemn admiration
of those sounds which the imagination repre-
sents as having the semblance of Heavenly
sounds, runs into danger of bowing to a fancied
image of things above?
"If we consider the musical festival as an
amusement, we must even tremble for those
who run into it; who thus amuse themselves
with the most solemn subjects connected with
the Divine Being, and with man's salvation,
and who encourage the performers, many of
whom are selected from theatres and other
places of vain amusement, to take the name of
the Most High into their mouths for their amuse-
ment. How will such stand before Him in the
day of judgment, who has commanded, ' Thou
shalt not take the name of the Lord thy God
in vain, for the Lord will not hold him guilt-
less that taketh his name in vain.'" — Talcen
from the Memoir of James Backhouse.
From "The Uritish Friend."
London Yearly Meeting.
The Yearly Meeting opened in joint session
of men and women Friends for the first time in
its history. There was a very large attendance,
the lower part of the house being quite filled,
and a great number of seats in the gallery,
women Fi lends largely preponderating.
The Clerk suggested that as in time past we
should have half an-hour or more of quiet, rev-
erential worship, broken, if it seemed right, by
brief and solemn offerings of prayer, but not by
anv long offerings in exhortation.
"Epistles from American Yearly Meetings,
which are sent jointly, were read.
Samuel Alexander took exception to the
phrase in one epistle, " the finished work of
Christ in our souls." If the work were finished,
there was nothing more for us to do. But was
it so?
A Committee was appointed to prepare an
epistle or epistles in reply.
A letter had also been received from the
Clerk to Philadelphia Yearly Meeting, acknowl-
edging the receipt of the brotherly epistle of
last year from London Yearly Meeting, and
stating that it had been read, but adding that
way had not seemed open at the time to re-open
correspondence. A letter, signed by several
leading Friends of Philadelphia Yearly Meet-
ing, had come to hand, enclosing a general
Epistle intended to set forth anew in their
purity the principles and practices of the So-
ciety of Friends. This was read later.
The Epistle from Philadelphia to all who
bear the name of Friends was read ; the docu-
ment was a l(ing and weighty statement of the
principles and practices of the Society, put with
dignity and force.
.J. B. Braithwaite warmly commended the
document.
A Friend thought that other Xon conformists
also testified to the Headship of Christ in his
Church.
J. B. Braithwaite deprecated minute criticism.
John Armitage, Thoma.'* Hodgkin, J. S. Fry,
and Charles Brady were thankful that we could
in general agree with and value this Epistle.
Two P^pistles from the Conservative bodies in
Canada and New England were read. They
pointed out with great earnestness the extent of
the lajises which had caused the neceasity for
separation.
John William Graham wished to speak on
behalf of the body of Friends separated from ua
in 1827, and from whom we had heard practi-
cally nothing for two generations, except through
the reports and opinions of those from whom
they separated — he alluded to what was sf)nie-
times calleii the " Hicksite " body of F'riends.
It was his privilege la.-t summer to attend many
of their meetings and to mingle among them
socially, and he should not be doing his duty if
he did not endeavor to lay before the meeting
the impressions that he received. There was
for all practical purposes, so far as his observa-
tion went, no cause for hesitation between us
and them on the question of the divinity of the
Lord .Jesus, his historic character, or his living
presence with us now. It would be fair to add
that it was not the practice of this body to deal
in a disciplinary way with members or ministers
on doctrinal points. They cultivated variety,
and there was amongst tliem every variety of
doctrine, so that both extremes of doctrinal
view found expression in their meetings. He
should be glad further if the meeting could feel
it right to send a letter to those Friends on the
same basis as those recently written to the Con-
servative bodies in America. It need not in-
terfere with our ordinary correspondence, or
commit us to anything, but might be simply a
letter of brotherly love and kindness, reaching
across two generations of miserable alienation, a
step towards bringing together brothers who
should not be separated, who were more one in
spirit than we had any conception of.
Benjamin O'Brien thought it would be well
if the matter could be looked at and something
drawn up. He had visited a meeting of these
Friends in Philadelphia, and he saw nothing in
it that London Yearly Meeting could take ex-
ception to. He wished that something could be
drawn up.
J. B. Braithwaite hoped nothing of the kind
would be done. The ground of separation in
1828 was on points of fundamental doctrine,
and London Yearly ^Meeting was not prepared
to give them up. Some of them must remem-
ber what their fathers had suffered in this re-
spect, and he trusted that the meeting would
stand fast in the liberty wherein Christ had
made them free. The opening up of corres-
pondence would mean reciprocity of visits, and
they knew the uneasiness that was caused in
this country by a visit of one of these Friends
a few years ago. He trusted the meeting would
not drift into a position that might he totally
misunderstood. These things were no strangers
to his mind ; he had known them since he was
young, and he had a very decided judgment
that we must not go back on these points, but
press forward in steadfast allegiance to Christ,
in whom it pleased the Father that all fulness
should dwell.
Charles Brady, while recognizing the value
and interest of what John William Graham had
said, did not think the time was yet for the
Yearly Meeting to take any official step in the
direction suggested.
Joseph Storrs Fry concurred, while not doubt-
ing the truth of what they had been told as to
384
THE FRIEND.
the personal character of these people, but the
great question was that of fundamental truth,^
and from his own knowledge of the writings of
Elias Hicks, he believed that what separated
them from us was much more vital than any-
thing that separated us from any other Friends
there. He would not defend all the acts of dis-
cipline that led to the separation, and he recog-
nized that even at that time many who followed
Elias Hicks did so without a full appreciation
of the points at issue, so that there might still
be a great diversity of opinion amongst them.
But that would not" justify the Yearly Meeting
in ignoring fundamental differences.
A testimony to the late Isaac Sharp called
forth some affectionate reminiscences of his char-
acter and services.
Considerable discussion arose as to the best
course to be taken with reference to the large
number of persons not members who attend the
meetings of Friends. The f;ict that reception
into membership gave them at once equal power
in conducting the business of the Society, neces-
sarily rendered Friends cautious about their ad-
mission. Finally a committee was requested to
collect facts and opinions, and summarize them
for the use of the meeting.
The idea was advanced that evening meet-
ings should be used for reading the Scriptures
and commenting upon them, so that they might
be made especially meetings for religious in-
struction. An increase of vocal prayer was
urged. The tendency of these sentiments evi-
dently was to destroy the character of the even-
ing meetings as meetings for Divine worship,
in which the attention of those present is fi.xed
on the presence of Christ, who by his Spirit is
the true teacher of his people.
The report of the Home Mission Committee
showed an expenditure of £3,400 on the main-
tenance of workers.
(To be continued.)
An effort is making in Florida to remove
the Semiooles from the lands which they now
occupy, to an island in the Everglades, to be
made an old-time reservation for them. This
would be a wrong which we are sure President
McKinley and Secretary Bliss would not allow.
The Serainoles ought to receive titles to the
lands which they now occupy, and to be pro-
tected from all encroachments of the whites.
Some rich men may not like it; but a new
crime against the Seminoles, driving them ofl'
from the lands which they have long cultivated,
would be a disgrace that could not be purchased
profitably by the convenience of a few magnates.
— TIte Independent.
SUMM.^^RY OF EVENTS.
UsiTED STATE.S. — W. J. Calhoun, the Special Com-
missioner sent to Cuba by President McKinley, arrived
in Washington on theStli instant, and had a talk with
the President. He gave a description of the sitnation
in Cuba and ihe conclusion reached by him, which has
not as yet been made pnblic.
The State Department has two distinct reports bear-
ing on the Ruiz case: one was made by Consul General
Lee and the other is a joint production, bigned by
Consul General Lee and Dr. Congosla, the Spanish
Consul at Philadelphia, who with General Lee con-
etituled a Special Commission to investigate the con-
ditions surrounding the death of Dr. Ruiz. This report
is a mere statement of facts that are not subject to
troversy. Failing to agree upon a statement of the
causes which led to Ruiz's de.ith, the Commissioners
signed the document at this point, and then, by m
agreement, made supplementary reports to their own
Governments, in which they set out statements that
they <oulil not agree to include in the original report
It is reported that a treaty for the annexation of
Hawaii to the United States will be sent to the Senate
ion after the return of the President from the South,
hich he is now visiting.
The (raylord (Kan.) JSerald, sa.ys that the experi-
icnt tried there a year ago of electing women to fill
1 the city offices has proved a complete success, the
city business being conducted by them in a careful,
economical and efficient manner.
The Indiana Supreme Court has decided that the
hree-cent street car fare, which relates to Indianapolis
inly, is constitutional. The United States Court re-
cently declared the law unconstitutional and injunc-
tions were granted by Judge Showalter against its en-
forcement. The State will insist on three-cent fares,
unless the street-car company secures an injunction
pending an appeal to the United States Supreme Court.
A crisis in the history of the Reformed Episcopal
Church was reached at the session held in New Yoric
on the 11th inst., of the General Council, when action
as taken on the subject of vestments. The situation
as regarded by Bishop Fallows as so serious that he
is quoted as having said, '' It seems to be the begin-
ning of the end." The cause of the trouble was a dif-
ference on the subject of vestments, a majority of the
Council voting practically to do away with the use of
surplice and to substitute therefor the use of the
black gown. A vote in favor of liberty in the use of
the vestments resulted in 26 yeas to 58 nays.
It is reported from Chattanooga that an English
yndicate has options on all the coal mines and lands
n East Tennessee and Southern Kentucky, along the
Cincinnati Southern Railroad.
Professor Alvin G. Clark, the famous telescope lens
manufacturer, died at his home in Cambridge, Mass.,
on the 9th instant, as the result of a stroke of apoplexy.
It is said that since the remarkably cold winter of
i93-94, there are many parts of South Carolina in
hich the blue bird, once so plentiful, has become
totally extinct.
Deaths in this city last week were 383, being 16
5s than the previous week, and 21 less than the cor-
responding week of last year. Of the foregoing, 208
ere males and 175 females : 44 died of consumption ;
7 of pneumonia; 27 of diphtheria; 25 of heart dis-
ease; 16 of inflammation of the stomach and bowels;
15 of inflammation of the brain ; 14 of nephritis ; 13
from casualties; 12 of apoplexy; 12 of convulsions ; 12
of scarlet fever ; 10 of bronchitis ; 10 of measles ; 10
of old age; 10 of marasmus ; 10 of cancer ; 10 of cholera
infantum ; 9 of Bright's disease, and 9 of inanition.
Markets, <£c.— U. S. 2's„96 a 98 ; 4's, reg., 1 lOi a lllj;
coupon, 112J a 113^; new 4's, 124.V a 125; 5's', 113i a
a 114; currency 6's, 101 a 104.
Cotton. — Official quotation for middling uplands
was unchanged at 7ifc. per pound.
Feed.— Spot bran, $11.50 to $12.00 per ton for win-
ter in bulk, and $10.75 a $11.25 for spring in sacks.
Flour. — Winter super, $2.75 a $2.90; do., extras,
$3.00 a $3.25 ; Pennsylvania roller, clear, $3.85 a $4.00;
do., do., straight, $4.05 a$4.15 ; Western winter, clear,
$3.85 a $4.00; do., do., straight, $4.05 a $4.15; do.,
do., patent, $4.20 a $4.40; spring, clear, $3.40 a $3.70 ;
do., straight, $3.80 a $4.00 ; do., patent, $4.00 a $4.15 ;
do., favorite brands, higher. City mills, extra, $3.10
a $3.40; do., clear, $4.15 a $4.25: do., straight, $4.25
a $4.40 ; do., patent, $4.40 a $4.60. Rye Flour.—
$2.25 a $2.40 per bbl. as to quality.
Grain. — No. 2 red wheat, 75 a 75Jc.
No. 2 mixed corn, 29 a 291c.
No. 2 white oats, 25J- a 20c.
Beep Cattle. — Extra, 5J a 5Jc.; good, 4j a 5c.;
medium, 4§ a 4^c.; common, 4| a 4ic..
Sheep and Lambs. — Extra, 4\ a 4{c.; good, 3| a 4c.;
medium, 3} a 3Jc.; common, 2^ a 3c.; fall laiubs, 3^ a
5ic. ; spring lambs, 4i a Gc.
Hogs.— Western, b\ a 5Jc.; State, 4J a 5c.
Foreign. — The steamer Windward left London on
the 10th inst. for Franz Josef Land, to bring back
from the .Vrctic regions members of the Jackson-Harms-
worth expedition, who have now spent three winters
in the settlement, Elmwood, near Cape Flora.
Sir George Nares describes the Polar Basin as a
" lockedup Bay continuing out of the narrowed At-
lantic channel, with a warm stream of water constantly
pouring into it between Spitzbergen and Norway, and
a cold, icy one, as constantly running out between
Spitzbergen and Greenland and also through the nar-
row straits between Greenland and America ; the first
conveying an enormous source of heal toward the
north, the latter causing the intense cold of Canada
and that on the east side of Greenland and North
America."
An attempt was made upon the life of President
Faure, of France, on the 13th instant. As the car-
riage in which he was riding to the races was passing
a thicket in the Bois de Boulogne, a bomb was explod
ed. Two arrests were made by the police. One o
the prisoners is supposed to be insane.
Despatches from Verona announce that a terribb
cyclone, .accompanied by hail, devastated the Valle
of Caprino, on the evening of the 9th instant. AJ
the crops, including the mulberry crop, were destroy
ed. entailing a great loss of silk worms.
Many of the Greeks who went to Greece from thi
and other countries to fight against the Turks, are ii
a pitiable condition. Not only is the Goverumen
unable to make any use of their service, but in th
present disturbed condition of the country they cai
get nothing to do, and they are in actual want.
The Powers show no signs of yielding to the Turk
ish demands for the annexation of Thessaly, abolitloi
of the capitulations in the case of Greek subjects ii
the Ottoman Empire or an exorbitant indemnity.
The Sultan has appeale 1 to the Czar and Empero
William to support his claim to annex Thessaly ti
the Ottoman Empire.
The Governor of Volo has issued a proclamatioi
that the property of refugees who do not return ti
Thessaly with their families within a fortnight, wil
be confiscated by the Ottoman Government.
A special from Funchal, Island of Madeira, ofTihi
west coast of Morocco, says that on the arrival then
on the 8th instant, of the British steamship 5co/, whicl
left Table Bay (Cape Town) on Sixth Month 2nd foi
Southampton, it was announced that Barney Birnato
the Soutli Africa "diamond king," who was amon;
the pas-engers, had committed suicide by jumpin;
overboard. His body was recovered.
The population of New South Wale^ last year w.a
97,640, a gain of about 20,000 in one year.
New South Wales is to have an entirely new set o
stamps by way of participating in the Queen Victori;
celebrations.
In Mexico City " first class American butter, mad
by an expert," is advertised at 50 and 56 cents
pound, at wholesale and retail, respectively.
It is reported from the City of Mexico that a ne\
volcano has broken out about two-thirds of a mil
from Tehuantepec. In the seismic disturbance inci
dental to the opening of the volcano, the villag
Mistiquilla was destroyed.
NOTICES.
Westtown BoARDfNG ScHOOL. — For convenii
of persons coming to Westtown School, the stage
meet trains leaving Philadelphia 7.17 and 8.46 A. m
and 2.53 and 4.32 P. M. Other trains are met whe
requested. Stage fare on regular trips, fifteen centi
on special trips, twenty-five cents each way. To reac
the school by telegraph, wire West Chester Phone 8J
Edward G. Smedley, Sup't.
iena
will
Westtown Boarding School. — Applications fii
the admission of pupils to the school, and letters ii'
regard to instruction and discipline should be ad
dressed to William F. Wickersham, Principal, i
Payments on account of board and tuition, an
communications in regard to business should be foi
warded to Edward G. Smedley, Superintendent.
Address, Westtown P. O., Chester Co., Pa.
Wanted. — Companion, mother's help, or goverr
ness, by young woman Friend. Several years' es
perience. Address,
" M," office of The Feiend.
Boarding. — At a farm in Chester Co., (Friends
a few boarders would find a beautifully situated ao
thoroughly convenient home for the summer.
Address " R," office of The Friend.
A Y'OUNG Friend wishes a position as companion I
an elderly or invalid Friend. Address " L," Office (
The Friend.
Persons desiring to assist in the erection of tli
proposed asylum for the insane in Syria, may sen
their contributions to Asa S. Wing,
409 Chestnut St., Phila.
Married, at Friends' Meeting-house, on Che.stm
Street, West Chester, Pa., on the eighteenth of Fift
Month, 1897, John Way, of Philadelphia, and Lydi
Annette Greene, of the former place.
Died in Philadelphia, Fourth Month 25th, 189^
Sarah K. Powell, aged seventy-three years ; a men
ber and overseer of Burlington Monthly and Rancoca,
Particular Meeting of Friends.
THE FRIEND.
A Religious and Literary Journal.
VOL. LXX.
SEVENTH-DAY, SIXTH MONTH ^C, 1897.
No. 49.
PUBLISHED WEEKLY.
Price, if paid in advance, $2.00 per annum.
Edwin P. Seli^ew, Publisher,
No. 207 Walnut Place,
(South from Walnut Street, between Third and Fourth,)
PHILADELPHIA.
Articles designed /or iiuiertion to be addressed to
JOSEPH WALTON,
MOOBESTOWN, BUBLINGTON C!o., N. J.
Entered as second-class matter at Philadelphia P. O.
Richard Esterbrook.
i (Continued from page 378.)
; " Camden, First Month 23rd, 1S88.
'"As regards the geueral subject of the min-
try, I have been much impressed of late with
e importance of it: the essential importance
'our testimony in this matter being fully niain-
ined, and to this end that our principles be
Om time to time brought to view, and the re-
'Onsibilities and duties of meetings in connec-
on with it. I was last evening particularly
ipressed with the account of Deborah Bell,
the fifth voiujie ■ f Friends' Library. Her
jsband's testimony concerning her, on this
bject, and her own remarks and care to keep
ider the leading of Christ. I read also Wm.
lenn's remarks describing our testimony.
i"It would be a comfort to me to see John
lell's testimony published in The Friend,
lid that of William Penu also, at some other
ine. If this ground is departed from weak-
»s must of necessity follow in every other
•anch of our testimony. Our Monthly Meet-
gs are weak, and it requires religious and
liritual judgment and discernment to give a
'ntiment that is worth anything or could be
'any value. I thought I would mention this,
lat if thou unites in the view, some space
ight be, I think, very properly occupied in The
RiEND by such extracts as I have referred to,
counteract the drift of our times, and to en-
lurage young and old to know their own
Ending in this matter, for it is not a matter
■' doubt or uncertainty, or to be determined
.vorably by the absence of erroneous doctrine.
"We are undoubtedly passing through a low
^ason, and our hope must be in the Lord alone,
' chiinge the dispensations and not anything
lat the wisest of men can eflect by human wis-
)m ; and is He not calling us to a more entire
id complete dependence upon himself, who
the Lord of the tribe of Judah, who always
id and who hath still, the key of David, and
hen He openeth we are opened, and when He
lutteth we must be shut, and no man can open.
' we in the least degree swerve from this, we
re on the way back again, and leading into
infusion, and out of the unity of the one Spirit
hich is the bond of peace.
"The importance of the subject cannot be
verstated, but how does it show the importance
of knowing on the other hand the true ground
of ministry. A Methodist minister once said
to me, in substance, Well, if your views as to
ministry are true, I should think every thing
expressed under the leading of the Holy Spirit
would be worth hearing. A striking and wor-
thy conclusion."
As somewhat connected in substance witli
this letter, we here introduce some remarks of
our dear Friend of a general character :
'' I have often been impressed with the belief
that one of the causes of the difficulties we ex-
perience is a want of a clear and due appre-
ciation on the part of mauy of our members of
the design and purpose of the blessed Head of
the Church in raising up the Society of Friends
and committing to it the precious testimony of
Truth as a sacred trust, to be held up in the
sight of other professors of the Christian name
as an occupation of advanced ground to which
all might be invited to a more excellent way. I
fully believe the language of our Holy Redeem-
er may be applied to those whose spiritual eyes
have been anointed to see into the glorious
mystery of godliness, as many in our Society
have seen and tasted it.
" ' Many prophets and righteous men have
desired to see the things that ye see and have
not seen them, and to hear the things that ye
hear and have not heard them,' and again,
'Blessed are your eyes, for they see, and your
ears, for they hear.' This deficit of perception
as to our calling, has, I believe, had a tendency,
with other causes, to produce a restlessness
which has led into views of religious truth and
sincere though mistaken apprehensions of duty,
not compatible with the doctrine which lies at
the very basis of Quakerism, the vital doctrine
of the government of Christ in the Church, as
an actual and practical experience wherever
He is truly known."
" Camden, First Month 2-5th, 1S8S.
[This letter refers to an essay sent to R. Es-
terbrook for examination, which was called
forth by a pamphlet, written by one in mem-
bership with Friends, and which contained
some objectionable passages. After some other
remarks, R. E. goes on to say :]
" But after all, these men do not effect so
much harm to the cause as those do, who, pro-
fessing adherence to our principles, do not give
evidence of waiting for sufficient clearness of
Divine direction, and so imagination and mem-
ory come to be put for Gospel ministry, and
accepted as such, largely owing to the low
standard of spiritual growth. Our Monthly
Meetings and our Quarterly Meetings cannot
be stronger than the members of them in a gen-
eral way are. Hence the weakness we see and
feel. Witli these views I confess to be more
concerned (a great deal more) for our own pres-
ervation, and that the ministry among our-
selves, at our meetings and at funerals and
marriages, should give unmistakable evidence
that it proceeds from the spring of Divine life.
This is the most important concern we have,
and the credit of our profession in regard to
ministry i.s at stake upon this very thing, and
the testimony itself held up to criticism."
On the twenty-second of Second Month, 1888,
as we were riding in the cars, liieiiard Ester-
brook mentioned that he was at Salem Quar-
terly Meeting, held at Woodbury on the six-
teenth instant. He rose to sj)eak, iiut in about
a minute and a (juarter the suliject closed up,
and he sat down. Late in the meeting Edward
Sharpless, who had been visiting the meetings
in Salem Quarter, arose with the expression,
" Why is thy countenance sad, seeing thou art
not sick," etc., and delivered a very plain and
close communication.
The next day, while at Morris Cope's, R.
Esterbrook related an anecdote of a Methodist,
who resided in the same town with himself, in
Cornwall. He hired a horse and carriage to a
Calvinist clergyman, who had an appointment
to preach at a place several miles distant. The
horse was not able to travel rapidly, and so
much time was consumed on the journey, that
when the place was reached the congregation
had dispersed, and the services could not be
held. The clergyman was very much disap-
pointed, and on his return complained to the'
owner of the horse for giving him an animal
of so little ability, that he had been unalile to
meet his appointment. The ^Methodist in his
reply made this allusion to the Presbyterian
doctrine of his customer, " You ought not to
complain, for it was ordained six thousand
years ago that 3'ou should not get there in time."
Twelfth Month 10th, 1884.— In conversing
about Catharine Phillips, of Redruth, an emi-
inent minister of Cornwall, Richard Esterbrook
spoke of a young man whom he knew well,
who on one occasion visited at her house. A
religious opportunity occurred in which C. P.
delivered this short sermon, " Young men, try
to be nothing aud then thou will be something,
and something useful."
"Plai.sfield, Eighth Month 9th, 1888.
" I received a letter from Debbie Cope this
morniug, giving some information as to the
condition of our beloved Friend, Morris Cope.
It seems as if it might indicate the neariug of
the end. But we do not know. It has afliicted
my mind with a feeling of sadness. Our be-
loved Friend has been and is a bright example
in holy fortitude and humble resignation and
confidence in Divine mercy.
'• When a more general awakening and a
true hunger and thirst after an experience of
real experimental religion takes place, we may
expect a revival. ' Behold, the days come,
saith the Lord, that the ploughman shall over-
take the reaper, and the treader of grapes him
that soweth seed, and the mountains shall drop
sweet wine and all the hills shall melt.'
"' And I shall bring again the captivity of
my people of Israel, and they shall build the
waste cities and inhabit them, and they shall
plant vineyards and drink the wine thereof;
I they shall also make gardens and eat the fruit
38G
THE FRIEND.
Sixth Mo. 26, 189
of them. And I will plant them upon their
land, and they shall no more be pulled up out
of their land which I have given them, saith
the Lord thy God.'
" The Lord alone will be exalted in that day,
and the idols utterly abolished."
[This letter manifests the lively concern which
our dear Friend felt for the maintenance in
their purity and fulness of our views in regard
to the ministry of Gospel. A subject to which
he often refers.]
" Bridge Hampton, L. I.,
"Eighth Month, 20th, 1889.
" In reply to an enquiry, our Saviour said,
'The times and seasons the Father has put in
his own power," and it is not for mortals to
know or determine anything but what He sees
meet to reveal, and to Him, the only wise and
Omnipotent, all may be safely left, and to watch
against the tendency in the human mind to en-
gage in its own ' willings and runnings' is an
important part of our duty, as well as to be
found ready and resigned, and run the way of
the Lord's commandments when He shall be
pleased to "enlarge our hearts.' Send forth
thy Light and thy Truth ; let them lead me
and bring me to thy holy hill and to thy taber-
nacle. Hence the alone true Leadership, and
not any imitation or repetitions of the best say-
ings or doings of others. The husbandman
that rightly laboreth must be first a partaker
of the fruits — must have the experience in him-
self. We want more evidence of this, for I
have long been persuaded we may come to be
regarded as even Quaker preachers without
this which is essential for any one. It is not
what we remember in meeting, but what is
"really opened by Him who hath the key of
David. I long that this concern may increase
among us, and that an eye that is too much
closed may be more fully opened to perceive
the extreme necessity of it.
" Paul said to Timothy, ' The Lord give thee
understanding in all things.' The understand-
ing must come from Him. This is a going to
principles, and to their root ; and when the need
iirst of it is truly felt and the experience of it
our own, it will be a good day with all such."
" Bridge Hampton, L I.,
" Eighth iMonih 22ud, 1889.
" I have within a week received a letter from
a friend of the name of Caroline Tweedy, about
ray own age. Her mother, Ann Tweedy, was
a very acceptable minister in the Society, and
her father, William Tweedy, in the station of
an elder — a prince of a man. Caroline is now
in poor health, and the letter was written by
her niece at her request. In the course of it
she says, 'My aunt feels very nuich alone in
the Society of Friends ; things have so altered,
and there is so much that she has little sympa-
thy with. Sarah Alfred Fox is the last in this
neighborhood at all of the same tone of thought.'
This used to be the neighborhood within the
compass of which, in my younger days, there
was a body of solid Friends not often surpassed.
I believe this is a sample of the condition of
things generally; and the whole situation of
Friends in London Yearly Meeting, should be
a warning to us in our Yearly Meeting to
watch against the very self-same spirit which
would soon lead many forward into activities
undertaken in the will and wisdom of man, in
which self is at the bottom, and is the leader
under whatever garb or guise he may assume.
1 am often pained and discouraged at the seem-
ing unwillingness to look at this subject as if
there were the least cause for uneasiness or
anxiety.
"I saw the early workings of this spirit in
my own country fifty years ago. The fruits of
it are the same everywhere. The language of
Truth is one language. There is one body and
one spirit, even as ye are called in one hope of
your calling. One Lord, one faith and one bap-
tism."
(To be continued )
The Fast of the Eamadam. — During the
fast of the Ramadam, which all Mohammedans in
Algeria appear to keep religiously, the man who
smokes or puts food into his mouth between
sunrise and sunset, is regarded by his fellows as
a traitor to his religion. As an old historian
puts it, " No good Moslem will touch food so
long as he is able to distinguish a black from a
white thread." In every town and city where
there is a garrison a sunset gun is fired during
Ramadam as a signal that the fast is over for
the day. We had watched the scene that en-
sued in the squares of different towns with curi-
osity, but in none was it so pronounced as at
Constantine.
As the sunset hour approached the square
near the theatre became filled with Arabs, who
lounged or walked about, or sat on the stone
steps of the buildings in attitudes that only the
Arab knows how to take. The venders of
bread, greasy batter-cakes and galette moved
about, showing their articles to the passive pub-
lic, which was patiently awaiting the signal to
eat. Others were engaged in frying fish at por-
table stands, and as we passed a lively sputter
of fat in the pan was heard.
At last the gun was fired, when the crowd
closed in upon the provision merchants, and in
a twinkling buyer and seller were busily en-
gaged in devouring fish and grease-cakes, as if
eating was the one occupation of life. How the
Arab fishman cooks his fish, eats himself, sells
to dozens of hungry customers and makes the
right change all at the same time, is a mystery,
yet it is doubtful if he loses a sou. This scene,
like the Arab market, is animated, but never
boisterous. Later on, when eating is over, liquor
and absinthe have produced their physiological
effect, and they are ensconced on the stone seats
of their cafes, drinking " coje Arab," their con-
viviality becomes sometimes disagreeably audi-
ble as far as the European hotels.
" Let us have Peace." — Of all the benefi-
cent measures of President Grant's Administra-
tion, such as the measures of reconstruction, of
amendments to the Constitution, of finance, of
improvement of the working classes, of the just
treatment of the Indians, of the elevation of the
Freedmen, of the promotion of education, and of
the concessions he compelled foreign powers to
make, yet in the interests of universal peace, in
the ultimate recognition of the brotherhood of na-
tions, and in the advancement of Christian civ-
ilization in the earth. Grant esteemed the treaty
of Washington as the crowning glory of his
Administration, not to be estimated by millions
of dollars. But it was his hope and prophecy
that all international disputes would some day
be adjusted by peaceful arbitration, and " nations
shall learn war no more." He was wont to say
to ine : " I have a dream that fills me with hope
and peace, that the time will come when there
will be a Supreme Court of the world, with its
chief justice and associate justices before whose
bar nations shall stand for the adjudication of
those ipterpfttipnal questions which are now set-
tled by the sword on the field of carnage." Am
when that good day comes, over that Suprem'
Tribunal will be Grant's immortal words, "I,f *
us have peace." — Bishop Newman in The Indi
pendent.
For " THE Friend."
Reminiscences of Samuel Bettle.
It was occasionally the privilege of the write
to spend a few hours in the company of thi
experienced and eminent minister of the G(
at his own home, and to listen to his instructiv
conversation relating to subjects of general ir
terest, and also to those connected with our ow
religious Society, of which from almost his earl '
youth he had been a deeply concerned membei
In the latter part of his life he was near-sighte(
so that in walking the streets he with difficult
recognized his acquaintances. This, with a
habitual gravity of manner, made him appea
reserved and difficult of access, yet when amon
congenial friends or in his own home he
ready to communicate in conversation many c
the interesting observations and accounts witi'
which his mind was stored. I recall the chastene
feeling in his company which is at times wii
nessed in the presence of the humble mind©
Christian even when words may not bespol
His residence from early childhood had bee
in a house located on the west sideofThir'
Street below Market, and it was in this housi
he died in 1861, aged eighty-six years, just prfi
vious to the occurrence of the Yearly MeetiDf
in the Fourth Month ; and when the events at'
tending the breaking out of the war of the le'
bellion were filling the citizens of Philadelphif
as of other large cities, with apprehension ani'
excitement.
It was from this home, as he informed th
writer, that he had frequently seen George WasF
ington, when as President of the United Statei'
he lived in this city, pass along Third Street,
his way to what is called "Christ Church" o'
Second Street above Market, to mingle with
small company of aged men and women ever!
morning for devotional exercises. He was a
Samuel Bettle stated, "the most dignified lool^
ing man" he ever saw. Benjamin Franklin a
this time lived on the north side of Ches
Street above Third, the rear of which was i i
sight from the yard of Samuel Bettle's residenc(<
who frequently saw Franklin and his wifeseate;
in a porch attached to their house.
Many of the public men of his day becam "
more or less known to him either personal!
or by reputation, during his visits with othe
Friends to those in authority: and his obse:
vations upon their character were often ver
interesting.
The Congress of the United States sat durTn
the years 1791 to 1800 in the building on th
S. E. corner of Sixth and Chestnut Streets. I
this building events took place which have ha
an important bearing upon the history of oi;
country. Among these to which Samuel Bettl
referred was the action of Congress upon th
treaty with England negotiated by John Ja;
on the part of the United States, and generall
known by his name.
The ratification of this treaty had been stron;
ly opposed by a large party, who were in activ
sympathy with France, then at war with En;
land. The Senate however approved it, and
was proclaimed Third Month 3rd, 1796, yet i
order to make it eflTective the House of Repn
sentatives was required to provide money.
If the money was not voted, said one part;
there would be war with England. If, said th
ixth Mo. 2G, 1897
THE FRIEND.
387
ther party, the money is voted there will be
'ar with France. The matter had beeu de-
ated for some weeks when on the twenty-eighth
f Fourth Month, a vote was taken in the Gom-
ttee of the Whole after an impressive speech
d been made in its favor by Fisher Ames on
dopting a resolution to appropriate money to
arry the treaty into effect. It proved to be a
vote. The casting vote of the chairman
lone decided the matter, which probably in-
jlved the question of peace or war. A war
ith England was averted, and the popular ex-
iteraent in favor of France calmed down.
Great was the sympathy with France at this
me; and also with French infidelity, and an
mage representing the goddess of reason was
lated by Samuel Bettle, to have been dragged
hrough the streets of Philadelphia by a deluded
fowd in imitation of some of the acts of the
kcited populace of Paris, during the period of
toe French Revolution.*
'[Samuel Bettle stated the interesting fact that
|i the gallery for visitors in the chamber where
jie Representatives met was a public notice that
■^rsons entering it were expected to remove
iieir hats, excepting members of the Society of
I'riends. In commenting upon this he ex-
ressed his regret that the influence of the So-
,ety (jf Friends in this city, once so numerous,
ad so declined that such a consideration of
ir well known scruples as was implied by
lis notice, could no longer be expected, and
lentioned the separation of 1827, as one great
luse of the lessening of this influence. In
)nnection with this subject it may be remarked
lat he was often heard to remark that separa-
ions in our religious Society were not a remedy
!ir its trouble-s. He was Clerk of the Yearly
[eeting when that of 1827 took place and passed
irough peculiar and great trials in connection
ith the sorrowful events attending it. John
oraly, who was afterward a leader among those
ho left the Society at this time, was the Assis-
iint Clerk of the Yearly Meeting, and a strong
srsoual friendship existed between them.
; In the exercises attending Friends of Phila.
'early Meeting in consequence of the division
ii New England in 1846, the judgment of
* The assistance which France had given during the
levolationary war to this country, and the sympathy
Ihich was fell here with the attempt to establish a
ifench republic, facilitated the introduction of that
rm of infidelity which during the French Revolution
icame so widely diffused, and which there produced
ich blasting effects. The prevalence of sceptical views
1 this country at that time is a matter of history,
atrick Henry wrote: "The view which the rising
■eatness of our country presents to my eyes is greatly
.rnished by the general prevalence of deism, which with
e is but another name for crime and depravity."
John Adams, the second President of the United
ates declared : "The most precious interests of the
nited States are still held in jeopardy by the hostile
aigns and insidious acts of a foreign nation [France]
I well as by the dissemination among them of those
rinciples subversive of all the foundations of all re-
gious, moral and social obligations, that have pro-
iced incalculable mischief and misery in other c lun-
; It is probable that the widespread influence of these
jctrine-i in the community had an effect among others
pon members of the Society of Friends, and prepared
le way for the reception by many, of those sceptical
lews which were promulgated by Elias Hicks as
irly as 1805,
' Stephen Grellet, then living in New York, records
1 1808, his " deep and painful trials" on account of
le advocacy by Elias Hicks at that time of " senti-
lenis repugnant to the Christian faith, tending to les-
m the authority of the Holy Scripture?, to undervalue
le sacred offices of our holy and blessed Redeemer,
id to promote a disregard for the right observance of
le First day of the week."
which they were making the journey, a |>eriod
of silence had taken place, when Thomas Scat-
tergood, a minister of the Gospel whom Samuel
Bettle highly valued, turned to him, and laying
his hand upon his shoulder, addres-sed him with
these words "Young man, why dost thou not
yield to the requisition of the Lord ? Why dost
thou not preach?" In narrating this circum-
stance to the writer, Satuuel Bettle intimated
that he had long beeu under an apprehension
that such a surrender was called fur from hira,
and this unexpected a<ldres.s was a powerful
confirmation of it, and that it was of Divine re-
(juiring. "It was to me" he said, "like the
laying on of hands."
During the last century and the early part
of this, it was customary for Friends to acquaint
those who attended their meetings on First-
day if certain of their members had forfeited
their right of membership in the Society, with
this fact and the reasons for it, by having the
testimony of disownment issued on the occasion
publicly read at the close of the meeting. In
order to spare the feelings of the individual or
his family, a notice of the intention to read it,
was usually privately sent to him, so that he
might, if he so preferred, be absent from the
meeting at the time. On one occasion, Samuel
Bettle stated, such a notice was sent to one who
had formerly been widely known as a member,
on a First-day morning, who putting the notice
in his pocket, and without informing his family,
went as usual to his accustomed place of worship.
When the Friend appointed for the purpose
rose to read the testimony, he rose also, and con-
tinued standing until the information it con-
tained was given to the meeting, thus publicly,
and we may believe with humility, acknowledg-
ing " I am the man."
A person, a stranger to Friends, attended Arch
Street Meeting on one occasion when Samuel
Bettle appeared in the ministry. The stranger
was at a loss to understand the silent manner
of worship of Friends, and also the truths which
were delivered by Samuel, and after reflecting
upon them, he thought he would call upon him
in the hope that something might occur which
would explain the matters then weighing upon
his mind.
He went to the door of his residence, rang
the bell, and to his surprise it was opened by
Samuel Bettle himself. As soon as he saw him
an awe overspread his mind, and without much
remark he was invited in. They took seats and
silence ensued. Shortly afterwards Samuel Bet-
tle began to speak with the language " Keep
silence before me, 0 islands, and let the people
renew their strength," and went on to deliver
the doctrines of the Gospel upon the very points
in relation to which the stranger had felt difficul-
ties, to his great surprise and satisfaction. When
he had finished, the stranger exclaimed " I am
a convinced man." G. J. S.
Selected.
" Seventh Month, 1834.— For a number of
years past it has been my lot to warn Friends,
and particularly in the Yearly Meeting in Lon-
don, against a spirit of subtilty that would draw
us from an attention to the inward manifesta-
tion of our blessed Saviour, the Lord Jesus
Christ, for I have long seen that some of those
most prominent and influential characters among
us never have been altogether of the Lird's own
forming, either as Friends or as ministers of
Christ — and many, very many, have embraced
something short of Him who remains to be the
Samuel Bettle was well known to be in favor
of that course which the Yearly Meeting |)ur-
sued, of declining to officially recognize either
body to the exclusion of the other, and also of
placing before each body a statement prepared
by the Meeting for Sufferings of the events whicii
had led to it, and comments thereon, with the
expression of its concern that, in the love of the
Truth, such steps should be taken as woulil heal
the diflierences, and restore that unity which
should exist between them. This statement,
])resented to each meeting, claiming the name
of New England Yearly Meeting of Friends,
was afterwards published by the Friends of the
smaller body. In reference to the division in
New England Yearly Meeting he once observed,
" We cannot expect the breach to be healed in
the lifetime of those who made it, but if Tndh
prevails it will be done in their children's
time."
After the separation among Friends of Ohio
had taken place in 1854, and all the Yearly
Meetings but that of Philadelphia had ofticitilly
recognized that body of which Jonathan Binns
had acted as Clerk, as the true Yearly Meeting
of Ohio, the subject of continuing an annual
iuterehange of epistles with other bodies, caused
a great diversity of views in Philadelphia Yearly
Meeting.
Under these circumstances Samuel Bettle was
clear in his judgment that it would be proper
to discontinue correspondence with all other
Yearly Meetings, and in a private conversation
with Morris Cope in 1856 expressed his convic-
tion " that if Philadelphia Yearly Meeting shall
fail to maintain its integrity in the Truth inde-
pendently of any other bodies claiming the name
of Friends, it will not be very long until there
will be no Yearly Meeting of Friends in exis-
tence."
In 1793,duringoneof the visitations of yellow
fever to Phila., Samuel Bettle was attacked with
it, lying apparently unconscious, and for some
hours it was thought he was dead. A coffin was
brought to the house in readiness for the inter-
ment", which then took place a few hours after
death had occurred, yet from some appearances
of suspended animation, it was thought safest to
liefer the last necessary preparations: during
which period of waiting on the part of the family
he revived. His father shortly afterwards was
taken with this dread disease, and was buriec:
in the cofWu obtained for the son. During the
period in which Samuel Bettle lay in a trance
like state he was aware of much that was pass
ing around him, though unable to move or to
speak. His mind at this time was engaged i
a solemn consideration of the invisible world,
and what was unfolded to his spiritual vision
at this time, was of such a solemn character that
he rarely was known to allude to it.
Whether this event was at the beginning of
that course of religious dedication and useful-
ness which characterized his subsequent life or
not, is not probably known, but he was while
quite young introduced into important services
in the chur"ch, indicating that his friends had
threat confidence in his spiritual discernment
and religious stability.
In 1808, he was one of four Friends appointed
by the Meeting for Sufferings to_ present a Jle-
morial to the Legislature then sitting at Lan-
caster. An account of a series of remarkable
incidents connected with this visit, prepared by
our late friend Nathan Kite, has been printed
in The Friexd, vol. xxxviii: p. 121, one of ^
which only may be mentioned here. Upon fulness, and are sitting on the surface of things,
their return homewards, in the conveyance in | building on the sand, highly extolling in words
388
THE FRIEND.
the "One Offering," which, indeed, is to he ap-
preciated with feeling.? of adoration and heart-
felt gratitude, but these know not of what they
speak, while they preach up a literal faith in
Christ crucified, and endeavor to bring people
from a pure dependence on the leadings and
unfoldings of the Spirit of Christ, or the inward
and heartfelt power'and coming of Christ within,
the hope of glory. Divers ministers of our So-
ciety are sliding, and others are already gone,
from that which first called them to the prepa-
ration, and then did really bring them into the
sacred office. Much of this is to be traced to
their adopting the views and sentiments of those
mentioned above, who never wholly left thei
own works, but have sought to bring all things
to the test of reason, instead of to that " Spirit
which searcheth all things, even the deep things
of God." — Extract from a Letter tvritten by Sarah
Lynes Grubb.
Selected for "The Friend.'
Some of the Last Expressions of Debby 1
Howell.
"My heart is bound to our religious Society,
and I now say, with my dying breath, that I
believe ancient Quakerism is unadulterated
Christianity. Many are trying to change our
doctrines and testimonies, to make the way
easier and broader, so as to evade the cress ;
but it is pride, pride, pride, that is at the bot-
tom of it all."
She said that, during the past year, she had
passed through much anguish of spirit for al-
lowing herself to be somewhat caught with these
new views ; that after hearing and reading much
that was expressed upon the proposed changes,
she became perplexed and unsettled in her
mind, particularly on the subject of silent meet-
ings, and for a time they became irksome to
her. She had not told any one of her exercise,
but had begged the Lord, by night and by day,
to help her out of her difficulties, and He had
given her to see it was all a delusion, adding,
"And I repeat, it is all a delusion of the enemy
of souls."
She then remarked that, for some time before
she ceased going out to meeting, she had rejoiced
iu some of our silent meetings, when her blessed
Saviour had come into her heart, and she had
supped with Him in a holy communion, where
there was nothing to divert her from it ; and
that He had, in marvellous loving kindness,
continued to do so, at times, throughout all her
sickness, and said, " I now repeat it again, with
dying lips, that I believe old-fashioned Quaker-
ism is unadulterated Christianity. It is a good
religion to die liy." She then clasped her hands
together, and after lying still for some minutes,
said, " What wonderful, loving kindness to such
a poor, unworthy worm as I am, to have an as-
surance granted me that my peace is made, that
I am prepared to die. I can but marvel at my-
self. I feel as if I only wanted wings to fly to
ray blessed rest, but am entirely willing to wait
the Ivord's time. My spirit is prepared to sing
the song of the redeemed."
She died on the twenty-ninth of Ninth Month,
1857, aged forty-three years.
TiiK marvellous and rapidly increasing com-
merce of the great lakes may well excite the
astonishment of those who are not familiar with
it, and greatly exceeds that of our country upon
the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. The past sea
son some .3,400 ve.-^sels plied the waters of the
lakes, with an aggregate of over ],.300,()(X> tons
register, and transported over 40,000,000 tons
of freight. Five times as many vessels pass
through St. Mary's canal at the outlet of Lake
Superior as pass through the Suez Canal in
Egypt. — The Presbyterian.
For "The Friend."
THOUGHTS ON LEAVING HOME.
The parting words were low and sadly spoken,
Keluctantly I turned my steps to go ;
The dearest ties on earth were being broken —
Too sad almost for e'en a tear to flow.
As on I sped, my steps no more delaying,
Dim in the distance homely pictures grew;
Now far away my thoughts go homeward straying,
But only memory brings all back to view.
O, land of hills and vales with charms beguiling.
Thy woods, thy peaceful waters, azure skies I
Above all these my prairie home is smiling —
That hallowed spot " bound by a thousand ties."
Oh, what to me all earth's delightful places.
When torn from all the world I've loved before;
I wait in vain those cherished forms and faces.
The dear sweet voices greet my ear no more.
Can it be true no one will come to meet me.
Who cheerfd my life since earliest breath I drew ;
New friends may softly speak and kindly treat me.
But will ihey e'er replace the tried and true.
Softly now night's silvery orb is burning —
Ah ! does it too look down on those I love?
And do they feel a nameless, heartsick yearning,
And breathe a sigh, then waft my name above ?
The tears adown my cheeks are slowly creeping.
Believing not my aching heart or brow ;
Oft have I heard of sorrow's tearless weeping.
But never guessed its meaning until now.
And thus it is the world is ever calling
And bidding us to leave the parent nest,
Yes, thus the blooming rose is ever falling.
To sadden both our own and parents' breast.
Uncertain time some change is ever bringing.
Before we meet there may be joy or gloom;
For some dear one a wedding bell be ringing —
Another lowly laid within the tomb.
In days agone my heart was lightly lifted
'Mid fondly cherished dreams of by and by ;
Alas! how soon upon the wide world drifted,
To find all vain ; now for the past I sigh.
And yet, O blessed One, Thy love portraying,
A wondrous lesson in it all I see;
Each fading flower, each earthly gem decaying
Is but a call to nearer come to Thee.
To Thee as ofi before I now commend me.
To Thee I flee fnim every earthly strife;
When all else fail Thou ever dnst befriend me—
Thou hast the words of everlasting life.
O, leave me not, but let Thy strong arm guide me.
E'er let Thy lamp light to my footsteps be.
And may I cease to long for things denied me.
But calmly leave the future allwith thee.
J.E
A SHORT SERMON.
ALICE CARV.
('Iiildren who read my lay,
This much I have to say :
Each day and every day
Do what is right !
Right things in great and small ;
Then, though the sky should fall.
Sun, moon, and stars, and all,
You shall have light.
This further would I
say :
Be you tempted as you may,
Each day and every day,
Speak what is true!
True things in great and small ;
Then, thotigh the stars should fal.
Sun, stars, and moon, and all.
Heaven would show through.
Figs, as yon see and know.
Do not of thistles grow ;
And though the blossoms blow
White on the tree.
Grapes never, never yet
On the limbs of thorns were set;
So if Tou good wonld get.
Good you must be.
Life's journey through and through,
Speaking what is just and true,
Doing what is right to you
Unto one and all,
When you work and when you play,
Each day and every day ;
Then peace shall gild vour way,
Though the sky should fall.
An Excursion to Ancora.
(Concluded from page 3S0.)
Our botanical collections were not confinee
to the plants interesting from their peculiaritiec
of growth or habits, but many of the womer>
and girls were loaded with bunches of showy
flowers, such as the beautiful Laurel (Kalmk
latifolia), and the narrow-leaved species, Sheej.
Laurel (Kalmia anguslijolia), and the Lupinf:
(Lupiniis perennis), with" its bright blue tiowerai
Some added that curious member of the Lilian
ce», Turkey Beard (XerophyUum setifolium), U
their treasures. From the centre of a mass o:
narrow, grass-like radical leaves, a stem shootii
up two or three feet high, thickly clothed witli
needle-shaped leaves, and crowned with a largd
raceme of showy white flowers.
On the dry uplands we met with several specie!
ofCatchfly (<S;7eneand Lychnis), so called becaua
there are spaces on the stems covered with j'
sticky material which might hinder the progresi
of an insect ascending it. Darwin suggests thai
in the lapse of ages the plant has developed thif
material as a protection from the assaults of in
sects that miglit otherwise injure the seed-pods
Whether the Author of the Universe originallj
created this plant with this defensive armor
or whether He subsequently enabled it to secret*
it on certain parts of the stem, it is in eithei
case equally his work — for the laws of natur*
are only the expression of his sovereign will.
Near the railroad depot grew in abundan
a native species of Toad Flax {Linaria Can
densis), differing much in appearance from th(
" Butter and Eggs" introduced from Europe. Ii
has slender stems, with small blue flowers ai
the top. Near by grew also a small speciei
of Evening Primrose (CEnothera sinuata), witl:
leaves sinuately toothed. It is common enou^
in the sandy soils of New Jersey, but it is not
found in Chester County — an illustration o:
the well known fact, that the nature of the soi
has great influence on the growth of plants, 8(
that some species thrive only in such peculiai
situations that they are greatly limited in numt
ber and in the range of country they occupy.
On the dwarf oaks which abounded we founo
many galls, the result of insect punctures,
they were very curious and interesting speci"
mens.
We encountered a snake of three or four feel
in length, which the most learned of our party
decided to be a Pine snake. It disappeared sc
rapidly into its hole that I did not get a glimpsei
of it.
Others of the party came across the nest of «i
Quail with fourteen eggs. They were careful
not to touch the eggs or otherwise disturb the
nest, for fear the parent i)irds would desert it
In the afternoon, we convened again at tb«
Ancora house, and while seated on the porch
and under the trees partook of a comfortable
meal. This was Ibliowed by a series of short
Sixth Mo. 20, 1897
THE FRIEND.
389
addresses from scientists present, on the geology
of .Southern New Jersey, its peculiar plants, on
diatoms, etc. Some of these were both interest-
ing and instructive, especially that on the his-
tory of diatoms.
The diatoms belong to a low order of vegeta-
ble formation, allied to the Alg;e. They may be
likened to a pill box, consisting of two valves,
and having one cavity or cell. One of the most
striking peculiarities of these plants is, that the
box and its lid are largely composed of silex or
flint, which is one of the most indestructible of
substances, so that the forms of the species are
preserved intact in fossil deposits. About eight
thousand species have been <lescribed, of which
perhaps two thousand are found iu America.
The markings are often very beautiful and curi-
ous. These plants are mostly microscopical in
size, and require microscopes of a high magni-
fying power to show distinctly their markings.
There are few objects more interesting than a
collection of diatom slides properly prepared.
In some the valves merely rest against each
)ther, edge on edge, forming a line of junction
ilong which the valves readily separate. In
life, ihe diatom has an external membrane and
an internal one. Diatoms are found both in
salt and fresh water, and also on the surface of
lamp rocks and walls, garden paths, flower-
pots, etc. They may generally be obtained in
jreat numbers by allowing waters in which they
jxist, to stand for a few hours, and then pouring
3ff all but the more muddy part at the bottom.
They may often be seen to move a little in the
water or slime in which they exist, and this was
it one time regarded as evidence of their animal
nature, but it is now believed to be owing to
;beir imbibing and emitting fluids in the pro-
jesses of their vegetable life. As a general
rule the motions of diatoms are simply back-
wards and forwards ; at other times they are a
ilow rolling from side to side.
In some of the genera the diatom increases by
Deing divided or cut in two, as the name implies.
New valves are formed on the inside of each of
;he old valves, so that two plants exist where
fpere was only one before. They also multiply
\3j simple division and in other ways. Dr.
Hooker found them iu such nurabei's in the
Antarctic Ocean as to give an ochreous brown
jolor to its surface, as far as the eye could reach,
ind to the icebergs floating in it ; whilst a sub-
inarine deposit is in process of formation, com-
posed of their silicious shields.
! Fossil diatoms have been observed in the
itrata of every age. Lewis Woolman, in his
•eniarks on the strata of Southern New Jersey,
Dointed out several strata composed in part of
diatoms, as shown by the borings for deep wells
It various points near the sea-coast. Some of
-hem were of considerable thickness. Minute
is these plants are they have been among the
iiore important sources of the strata which now
ixist. Tripoli stone consists entirely of their
iilicious plates. One deposit of this material in
Bohemia is two miles in length, and averages I
■wenty-eight feet in thickness. Another at Bilin
brms the upper layer of a hill, and is fourteen
eet thick, yet the individuals are so small that
brty-one billion exist in every cubic inch of
■he stone. The city of Richmond, Virginia, is
built on a stratum of diatoraaceous earth eigh-
een feet thick.
In a paper read before the Natural History
society of Edinburg, it was stated, as the result
if recent investigations, that in the deep green
portions of the A rctic Sea, descril)ed by Scoresby,
he discoloration is caused by immense multi-
tudes of a minute diatom. These diatoms ac-
cumulate under the the floes of ice. It was
found that the brown, slimy masses adhering to
the under surface of the ice were almost wholly
composed of diatoms. The heat developed by
these masses of diatomaccre hollows the ice into
honeycombed chambers, rendering it so fragile
(or as the whalers term it, rotten), as to be easily
crushed. So this microscopic dot heljis to render
the Arctic Ocean navigable, by breaking up the
floes. The food of the right whale consists al-
most wholly of minute animals which swarm in
these discolored portions of the ocean. In their
stomachs were found the remains of this diatom,
proving that they led on it. So in this strange
cycle of being the whale is dependent on the
diatom for its existence, one of the largest of
animals on a plant so minute that hundreds
must be massed together before tiiey can be
visible to the naked eye.
The scientist to whom had been allotted the
subject of insects had very few minutes left to
expatiate on this immense subject, so that he
limited himself almost entirely to a dragon fly
he had met with during the day, and which
in his researches in Pennsylvania he had never
seen there. It was a somewhat curious fact that
the river Delaware should divide the region it
inhabits from that in which it cannot exist.
In its larval state, the dragon-fly inhabits the
water and feeds on other insects; and it may be
that the bogs and streams of the pine barren
region are better adapted for the growth of its
prey than the rivulets in the gneissic regions of
Philadelphia and Chester Counties.
When the addresses were all finished, an
order was given for a prompt march to the cars,
and this was promptly obeyed, and we were
soon en route to Camden.
By general consent it was decided that we
had spent a pleasant and instructive day.
^^ J. W.
For "The Friend."
Letter of Samuel Fothergill.
" The contents of thine respecting Cornelius
Cayley, and the copy of his application to
Friends of Leeds Meeting, have been much in
my thoughts. I have hitherto been a stranger
to the person and his case. I read, some years
ago, many of the journals of those exercised in
endtavoriug to promote the revival of Christi-
anity, but there appeared to me so much of the
nature of those things that the day of the Lord
should come upon, so fully described — Isaiah
ii : 10, to the end of the chapter, that I declined
the search, in hope that the winnowing power
of Truth would separate the wheat from the
chaff", in minds pure, upright and sincere; and
that the Power which prepared the eyes of the
man blind from his birth, by spitting on the
clay, and finishes his marvellous work by send-
ing him to ' the pool of Siloam,' or to the Sent,
for washing might, in the same line, and by the
efficacy of the word of his mouth — which is as
a two edged sword, and whose entrance giveth
light and life — have led them into that which
is within the veil and impenetrable to the eyes,
which have only been anointed with the spittle
on their earth ; and for this my soul hath often
been baptized in humble, fervent prayer.
" The person under immediate notice claims
and hath my sympathy ; I believe him joined
to all the living, through the quickening virtue
of the life-giving word, and I earnestly pray for
his complete formation, as a vessel meet for the
Master's use. Yet a secret and painful jeal-
ousy affects me, that patience hath not had its
perfect work, to lead him into all the unuttera-
ble dejiths of the Lord's preparing day, nor all
the idols cast to the moles and to the bats; my
jealousy arises from the activity (jf distinguished
self, which loves the splendid, pleasant picture,
an easy purchase, in com|>ari.sjn of the dee[)-
hidden pearl of substantial truth. We sorrow-
fully know that we have amongst us traditional
formalists, having a name only, by outward in-
heritance ; yet there remains a worm, Jacob, the
feeble yet faithful wrestler with God amongst
us, whose life is hid with Christ in God, and
who, through the virtue of the sacred unction,
have not an absolute need of man's teaching,
but are gathered in spirit into the Lord's moun-
tain, where the Lord'of hosts makes unto all his
people a feast of fat.things, and where He de-
stroys the face of the covering, and the veil that
is spread over all nations. But the formalists
amongst us are in the .same life, with all the
family under the veil, and the face of the cover-
ing, and not having on the garment of needle-
work, wrought in a course of experience, have
not a right to this feast on the Lord's mountain,
but feed on perishable husks ; and a supeificial
ministry, of the same birth, and moving on the
same ground, feeds itself with the like food, fills
its belly with the east wind, and empties iU
chilling qualities on the superficial dependents
on human help.
" The testimony given us as a people, in vari-
ous branches, hath been a stone of stumbling
and a rock of offence, to many who have wished
for our crown, without our cross, and have over-
looked and despised the peculiarity of our tes-
timony, or the testimony of the Lord by and
through us. The language, fashion, and customs
of the world, though by many esteemed indiffer-
ent, are not so to us, but are a part of the growth,
the underwood of the lofty Lebanon, which the
day of the Lord is to come upon, as well as upon
the tall cedars, and when that day comes it will
burn as an oven indiscriminately, with prevail-
ing heat, and leave them neither root nor branch.
All who have entereii into fellowship with us,
through the baptism of Christ, the true door of
entrance, have, not from imitation, but clear
conviction, found this compliance their indis-
pensable duty. We might have many preachers
break in upon us, were we at liberty to admit
them upon the partial foundation of general
speculative truths, without their coming to the
unitv of the Spirit, which unites faithfulness to
the Lord's statutes and testimonies to us and by
us to the world. How far the person in question
may have seen into this testimony I know not,
but this I know — many of those called Metho-
dists, their preachers especially, rather contemn
than approve this peculiar dispensation, which,
the longer I live, the more clearly I see to be
from heaven, against that spirit which rules in
all carnality, whether notorious in obvious evil,
more concealed in the walks of lormality, or
more refined and fallaciousin the outward court
of the temple.
" I cannot well omit a p^ -^age in C. C's let-
ter, expressing that 'the liie begins to send up
fresh sap into my dead earth, and the blind in
me begins to see, the deaf to hear, and the clumb
to speak.' I believe this is really the truth, and
a strong description of an infantile state, a res-
urrection from being buried in a baptism of
death, into a new life, and yet scarcely grown
up into a capacity of preaching the everlasting
Gospel of salvation. "The forty days retreat into
the desert, previous to the ministry of the Holy
Jesus, seems to me not fully accomplished.
" I feel much for C. C. I love him. I wish
390
THE FRIEND.
Sixth Mo. 26,
to give him the right hand of fellowship in the
Lord Jesus ; his spirit is near my life ; and oh,
that he may endure the Lord's preparing day ;
that he may come out of Egypt clear and un-
mixed with any of those things which veil the
beauty of the L-jrd's workmanship. I hope
Friends will be tender towards him, yet, for his
own sake and the testimony's, firm and steady,
for this will be beneficial to him, if he ever come
in at the right door. I recommend Friends con-
cerned, and this person, to a deep inward atten-
tion to the great Minister of the Sanctuary, that
in his counsel and wisdom all may move, and
the precious unity of the one Eternal Spirit may
be known to run to the nethermost skirts of
their garments.
" I am thy aflfectionate friend, in deep travail
for Zion's beauty, that none who love her may
fail of the salvation within her gates.
Samuel Fothergill."
From "The Australian Friend."
During the past few years the principles of
the Society of Friends have received exposition
from almost every standpoiflt, sometimes in de-
tail, sometimes briefly summarized ; and, in ad-
dition to these expositions, there have been writ-
ers to justify the continuance of our religious
body, and writers to proclaim its mission for the
needs of the present generation, or to make
known " the message of Quakerism for the world
of to-day." Is this fertility of exposition a pre-
lude to these principles taking greater hold upon
mankind at large, or does it betoken a tenden-
cy in our members to theorize rather than to be
living witnesses of the truths thus expounded?
" By their fruits ye shall know them," said Jesus
Christ : it is experience which must give the
answer to our question.
But what strikes one as an essential quality
of a religion which shall largely influence the
people of the coming generation (if one may
judge by the tendencies which are manifested
in our own) is such a constitution as shall be
both its justification, and the manifestation of
its purpose — a constitution so plain that men
shall need no instruction to understand it, and
yet be unable to discover any relaxing of its
demands. It is this quality in religion which
revelation has all along been leading men up
to, as there have been learners able to receive
it. Eren in the times of the Jewish monarchy
the Holy Spirit influenced the men most open
to its leadings to declare that to " fear God and
keep his commandments" is " the whole duty of
man ;" that God's requiring is " to do justly, love
mercy, and walk humbly" with Him ; to declare
also that this requirement should, in the ages
to come, be made so plain that even an igno-
rant man, without place in a civilized communi-
ty, would be in no danger of making a mistake
concerning it.
It was a religion having this quality in a
marked degree that George Fox and some of
his fellow-workers preached, anil made manifest
through the formation of religious communities
in divers places. But the principles which they
inculcated have sometimes become so systema-
tized that these plain preachers would scarcely
recognize them. Therefore we, their successors
of to-day, should seriously consider who are
real followers of George Fox and his friends.
Surely the true following is not in the seeking
fir precedents in their modes of procedure, and
in the setting up of a form of doctrine based
upon their writings, but in the placing of our-
selves at the view-point whence they looked
upon human life and duly — in realizing that
the kingdom of God is even now being estab-
lished, and in making it our sole aim to act as
loyal subjects in this kingdom. Throughout
the writings and throughout the utterances of
these early confessors, there seems to run the
refrain that an Authority is set up which is un-
derstandable by all, and to which all must be
obedient. It is the message to those who are
out of the way, to those who are in distress of
mind, to those engaged in the affairs of daily
life, and to those to whom has been given a ser-
vice for their fellows.
And they, who thus proclaimed that men
were seeking without what they would find luith-
in, were careful to declare that they were preach-
ing " no new Gospel," seeing that the Authority
to which they bore witness — the Light in men's
consciences, the Word in the heart — was the
same Divine Leader who had been manifested
in human form; and therefore men who now
disregard the One are in the same category with
those who, in a former age, crucified the other ;
whilst they who now sorrow for sin, which the
Light makes manifest, and who follow the Di-
vine Light as the accepted Ruler of their lives,
are one with those who, enlightened by Divine
sufl'ering because of man's sin, mourned "Him
whom they had pierced," and afterwards rose
" with Him in newness of lite." Thus the gov-
ernment of the Holy Spirit was declared to be
the same " kingdom of heaven" which Jesus
Christ had preached and into which the first
disciples had entered with the "Anointed" of
God as their King.
It was this simple announcement of an Au-
thority to which every human being is called
upon to bow — of an ordered state of life into
which men are invited to enter, — which sufficed
for justification whenever these misunderstood
people appeared in conflict with the religion of
man's tradition. In worshipping God different-
ly from the received method, they acted from
the same guiding principle — they were still from
their own thoughts and ways that the mind of
God might be manifested to them and speak
through them. Many, indeed, who had been
teachers in other denominations and who had
therefore been accustomed in their public wor-
ship to read the Holy Scriptures and to sing
hymns, acted when they entered upon the new
order of things as Wm. Penn did in respect to
his sword. Yet these gradually discovered that
the exact words of former revelations were not
necessary in order to deliver a message to-day,
and that sometimes the endeavor to give the
exact words of a former exhortation might hin-
der the speaker or his fellows from ministering
to a present need. They also felt that the ex-
pressing of words in sounds pleasing to the ear
might in reality turn the mind away from the
true Instructor, and that the real harmony to
be sought was the bringing of all present into
a holy fellowship. (It may be here remarked
that the early Friends, though feeling that meet-
ings for Divine Worship were a public manifes-
tation of dependence upon God, and that reli-
ance upon anything written or printed contra-
vened this, were nevertheless themselves frequent
in reading, and diligent in meditating upon,
God's revelations to men of former ages, and
were careful to exhort their fellow-members to
be in the practice of reading these sacred writ-
ings to children and to others under their care).
The disuse of religious rites and observances
was, in the first place, also undefended by a
labored apology or search for precedent in the
action of the Apostles. The reformers simply
acted upon the conviction that the time had
come when the antitype of circumcision or of
baptism must be manifested to be a real en-
trance into a new state where "all things are of
God" (Gal. vi: 15; I. Pet, iii: 21), and when
the antitype of a common meal should be shown
to be a communion in assimilation of Christ's
character, a communion of " righteousness and
peace and joy in the Holy Spirit" (Rom. xiv:
17 R. v.). Similarly they were not careful to
reconcile with the accepted ideas of professing
Christians their refusal to bear arms, but con-
fessed that they " lived in the virtue of that life
and power that took away the occasion of all
wars." They were content to be " living epistles"
amongst the men of their generation — witnesses
of a condition of righteousness between man and
his fellow-man which should ultimately be the
prevailing condition amongst mankind at large.
Throughout all their actions there was, amongst
the deeper-spirited of the early Frieuds, a sim-
ple-hearted adherence to the one testimony that
God's Kingdom had come into their hearts, and
that the duty was laid upon them to "let their
lives preach" it to the world, so that God might
work through them upon others ; that thus God's
creative Spirit might act in them, and in all
his obedient servants, until all mankind should
become fashioned according to the gracious de-
sign which He had for humanity when, letting
the first light shine upon the earth, He gave
the earnest of his gifts of life and order and
beauty.
Such a religion whose central idea is that of
submission to righteous government, is the kind
needed to fit in with the present regulation of
aflairs, seeing that almost every transaction be--
tween man and man, from youth upwards, has
its system of government : — the game of cricket
and other recreations, all kinds of friendly so-
cieties, every corporation for the transaction of
business, every association for ridding the coun-
try of insect and plant pests, every associatioa.
for the eradication of social evils, and every
society for the improvement of human affairs or
for mutual help. So ramified is this decentra-
lized method of government that the central
authority is becoming more and more occupiec"
in directing these sub-systems of order-keeping
and therefore a religion, if it be one to last,<
must claim all these as parts of its working
must claim that all administrators of order a
God's ministers (Rom. xiii : 6), and thus give\
the inference that so-called reformers greatlyi
err when they try to oppose every kind of ^
ernment, and that the true reformer is he whff]
seeks rather to purify the methods of adminis-i
tering men's aflfairs. These thoughts lead us U>
understand that man is in his perfect conditiomi
when the Divine will is done in him and byt
him and through him ; and that this is the con^
dition in mankind by which the knowledge oi
God (relation to Him in love and service) is toi
spread until it covers the earth ; for He is^a
God of order and of peace.
Let us take heed lest we, who, as messengei
to the world, began well, lose sight of the coi
ception with which we set out. Most of thei
reasons for the maintenance of our testimoniesi
put forth by the expounders of Friends' princi-
ples, though good in themselves, are often so
separated from the main one that a demandj
has arisen for a systematic teaching of what
are expected to believe. This surely is evidencei
that we are getting into a religion which is not
one in which an ignorant wayfarer will not err,
The glories of the world always lose theii'
charms when Jesus is spiritually enjoyed.
Sixth Mo. 20, 1897
THE FRIEND.
391
Natural History, Science, etc.
— A new and most destructive beetle, called
the 1,'iild-tail, has made its ajjpearance in Sumer-
ville, Mass., where it is extremely destructive,
and it may be possible to exterminate it before
,t spreads over the country. Massachusetts de-
rves great praise for its etlort in localizing or
estroying the gypsy moth ; and we are glad
hat the discovery of this new pest has been
ade before it is too late to exterminate it. —
Independent.
A Volca7iic Bubble.— F. S. Bortain, of Puebla,
rites as follows : " It may be of interest to some
bf the readers of the Herald who vibit Puebla
!,o know of one of the less visited attractions in
,he vicinity of the City of the Angels. I refer
-.0 the Coxcoraate. It is about twenty minutes
llistant from Puebla over the street car line to
Oholula. Any street car conductor can point
It out to the curiosity seeker. It is to the right
|)f the car line about five hundred yards distant.
' " It looks from the car window to be a pile of
Vhite stones or a well bleached haystack, but
ipon closer inspection proves to be a tumulus of
ivhite calcareous stone, evidently of water forma-
ion, about fifty feet iu height and one hundred
eet iu diameter at the base. The form is that
■)f a truncated cone. At the apex is an elliptical
ihaped opening, about twenty-five feet along the
ninor and fifty feet along the major axis. It
s a bell shaped cavity and lined with terns of
/arious descriptions. I should judge the depth
fo be at least one hundred feet, and at the bot-
tom, so far as visible, the opening must be sixty
eet iu diameter. In the bottom on one side
ire so be seen some gorgeous ferns and on the
ither side a pool of water.
"Tradition says that the ancient Aztecs were
iccustomed to worship here the genius of the
pot, and occasionally threw in a live victim to
ippease his subterranean majesty. It is also
aid that a few victims of the inquisition were
hrowu down here to reflect upon the contro-
verted points of doctrine. At all events, it is a
nost singular freak of nature, as it is in the
Middle of a level plain, or rather a barley field.
:t looks to have been some volcanic bubble, of
yhich the Mexican upland is so full, and is well
yorth a visit on the part of the curious.
"Ahhough I have inquired among my Mexi-
ian friends, I have found no one who could tell
Be the meaning of the name Coxcomate." —
Mexican Herald.
Algerian Dogs. — Soon after leaving Oran,op-
)ortunities of verifying the truth of the captain's
tatement about dogs began to present them-
'elves, and long before our Algerian tour was
inished we were thoroughly convinced that the
acts, iu this instance at least, had been cor-
ectly stated. As we passed farm-houses and
lative habitations, the dogs would rush out at
18, sometimes singly, sometimes in twos and
hrees, barking furiously, snapping and show-
Dg their teeth in a most threatening manner,
These dogs are shaggy, gaunt, wolfish-looking
leasts, with long, sharp noses and glaring eyes.
.re taught to be suspicious of strangers, and are
endered more savage by being half starved.
The most ferocious are kept chained or shut up
luring the day, but it is never safe to approach
. house unless armed with a stout cane. What
pould have happened to us had we not been
irovided with steel-cored whips it is not difii-
ult to predict. To say the least, we should
peedily have become candidates for the Pas-
teur treatment. To increase the efficiency of
these, we had taken the precaution to fasten
good-sized shot on the snapjiers. This worked
well on the dogs, but was detrimental to the
whips, as the weight of the shot under constant
use caused the snappers to break oH'. The idea
then occurred to us to provide the lower end (jf
the whips with six wire-barbs, similar to those
used on barbed-fence wire, each jimjecting three-
eighths of an inch. One blow, with the whij) thus
armed, was usually sufficient. The barking
would change instantly into a short, sharp yelp,
and the dog would slink off conquered. The
sudden transition from an attitude of confident
attack to one of ignominious defeat was most
amusing.
Later on, between Algiers and Constantine,
as we were passing an Arab village a little off
the road, one evening, after dark, we were
startled by a tremendous barking. Of a sudden,
at least fifty dogs broke out in full chorus and
barked as if they would tear everything around
them to pieces. Whether we were the cause of
the deafening din we did not know, nor did we
know whether they were chained, but the pros-
pect of being attacked in the dark by these
howling fiends was not reassuring. They did
not molest us, and we once more breathed freely
as the sounds grew fainter behind us.
Room at
Top.
ARCHER brow;
Every boy who has any stuff in hira wants to
succeed. By success he means high position, big
salary or income, reputation, influence, power.
Seldom is the higher success that results from
lofty character, irrespective of wealth or fame,
taken into account. So, for this concluding
paper, I will deal with pure worldly success,
the kind that men are recklessly struggling for
the world over.
If the average boy approaching manhood
were to analyze his ambition and define his goal
twenty years ahead, it would be the presidency
of a bank or great corporation, the head of a
rich firm, the foremost place in the chosen pro-
fession of law, medicine, or the ministry, a seat
in Congress, or perhaps the mayoralty of his
town.
And here comes the surprising and encour-
aging truth that these great prizes of a life are
not hard for a well equipped man to attain.
The competition for them is not severe. Indeed,
strange as it may seem, the big place is usually
hunting for the man. There is room at the top.
The bottom is crowded with those struggling
fiercely for the small prizes. The top has ample
elbow room for the few who are up there.
To explain a little. Every coriioration or
firm that employs men knows how hard it is to
find just the right material for responsible posi-
tions. It is easy enough to fill the routine places
where brains and character are not essential ;
but commence to look for a man above the or-
dinary, and the trouble begins. One man avail-
able is honest, industrious, faithful, but lacks a
trained mind. Another is capable, energetic,
hard working, but there is a shadow of doubt
about his moral strength under temptation. An-
other is honest, bright, true, but lacks industry
or the power of application. Still another seems
to possess every needed thing, but is without
health and endurance. And so on through the
list. It is next to impossible to find one who
combines in himself the necessary qualities for
a high and responsible position, unless there is
mixed up with them some shortcoming or fail-
ure. The well-rounded man, morally, intellect-
ually, physically, is a prize in the butiine«s world,
and tho.se controlling great interests are grab-
bing for him. He commands the highest pay
while he serves others, and in due time you find
him at the head of his own great interests.
Now turn from the top downwanl. With each
descending step in the scale the number (jf tho.-*e
competing for place increases in geometrical
ratio, until at the very bolU^m you find the
greatest crowd of ail. The lower the pay, the
more menial the work, the greater is the scram-
ble for it. For example, take a great manufac-
turing corporation. Its president dies or retires.
The salary is perhajM twenty-five thousand dol-
lars a year. The directors begin the starch for
a successor, and if they find two or three broad,
able and forceful men from whom to make a
selection and who have not already better posi-
tions, they will be fortunate. But suppose the
vacancy is that of assistant bookkeej)er or hill-
clerk at forty dollars a month. A hundred men
— yes, a thousand, if it is in a great city — can be
had in a day's time. And the twenty-five thou-
sand dollar man is cheaper than the forty dollars
a month man. I was told the other day of a vice
president of a great corporation in New York
who had by a timely, sagacious stroke made his
company six hundred thousand dollars in a single
year. It was enough to pay his salary of thirty
thousand dollars a year for twenty years in ad-
vance. The president of the Pennsylvania Rail-
road died recently, leaving a fifty thousand dol-
lar position to be filled. There was no scramble
for the office. One man was available who had
mounted every successive round of the ladder,
but he practically had no competitors. I know
a man who started as a poor German boy in the
night schools of a Western city, working step
by step through the mechanical departments of
a large manufacturing business, proving him-
self master in each place, until the management
of a great enterprise came to him unsought at
twenty-five thousand dollars a year. I know a
railroad president, who, coming from a small
town in Maine, by sheer force of brains and
character reached a commanding position. To
one high office was added another, until his
combined salaries equal that of the President
of the United States.
Let us ask a few questions. Is it natural bril-
liancy or luck that puts one man so far ahead
of his fellows? It is neither. Analyze the char-
acter of the men in the highest places. You will
find they attained their positions by preparation,
mental, moral, physical, technical; brains well
trained, energy well directed, work well sus-
tained. Study the steps in the character of
Gladstone, of Benjamin Harrison, of Carnegie,
ofRockefeller,of Wanamaker, of P. D. Armour,
of M. E. Ingalls, and prove the statement.
Are the qualities of success attainable by a
man of ordinary natural abilities? Unquestion-
ably, yes. First the character; then the prepa-
ration ; then the opportunity. The latter comes
to most men sooner or later, but rare is the man
who is ready to seize it. U. S. Grant as a boy
in Ohio built his character. At West Point and
in the Mexican war he made his preparation.
In the Civil war he found his opportunity. Here
are a few of the essential qualities which will
win against all the powers of so-called ill-luck :
1. Absolute, unswerving integrity. Is that
unattainable?
2. Brains, mental grasp. Given a fair mind,
what is that but education and discipline?
3. Energy and force of character. That is a
question of exercise of will to overcome laziness
and love of ease.
392
THE FRIEND.
Sixth Mo. 26, 1897
4. Capacity for work, executive power, the
ability to bring thiugs to pass. This is the pro-
duct of industry by system or method. It is
energy conserved and well directed. It is the
art of making every stroke count.
0. Personal manners, engaging address. What
is this but the result of close, unselfish adher-
ence to the rules for making a gentleman?
All these qualifications are not easy, it is true,
but they are not impossible. It is really your
own choosing whether you will be among the
richly rewarded few at the top or the hungry
multitude at the bottom. — Christian Advocate.
SUMMARY OF EVENTS.
United States. — President McKinley has sent a
personal letter to Queen Victoria, which was delivered
to her on the 21st instant bj Whitelaw Eeid, Special
fJnvoy : "To Her Majesty, Victoria, Queen of Great
Britain and Ireland and Empress of India. — Great and
Good Friend. — In the name and on behalf of the peo-
ple of the United States I present their sincere felici-
tations upon the sixtieth anniversary of your Majesty's
accession to the throne of Great Britain."
On the IGth instant President McKinley sent to the
Senate, with an accompanying message, a treaty for
the aimexation of Hawaii to the United States. The
treaty was signed by the Secretary of State and special
envoys from Hawaii. In the main it follows the lines
of the treaty negotiated at the end of the Harrison
administration, and which was recalled from the Sen-
ate by Grover Cleveland. There is a strong minority in
the Senate who will oppose consideration of the treaty
at the present session.
The Japanese Minister has filed with the Secretary
of State a formal statement of the position of his Gov-
ernment with respect to the proposed annexation of
the Hawaiian Islands by the United States.
President McKinley, it is stated, has determined to
revive the abandoned treaty of general arbitration
between the United States and Great Britain, a new
treaty having been drafted to serve as the basis of ne-
gotiations. In this draft there are none of the points
which caused the failure of the Olnoy treaty. The
treaty will not be submitted to the Senate before next
Twelfth Month.
President McKinley has nominated Stewart L. Wood;
ford, of New York, to be Minister to Spain. It is an-
nounced that his selection was influenced by the fact
that he agreed to go to his post immediately upon
confirmation, something very much desired by the
President, and also to remain there throughout the
present administration.
The director of the mint has issued a statement
showing that $53,088,000 of gold and $76,069,236 of
silver were produced in the United Slates last year,
the silver being estimated at its coinage value. There
was an increase of $6,478,000 in the gold and $4,018,-
000 in the silver production over the previous year.
A committee of the San Francisco Grand Jury ha'j
submitted a report in which attention is called to the
growing use of opium in that city. The committee sug-
gests that more stringent measures should be adopted
to abate the evil.
W. B. Bradbury, a San Francisco millionaire, has
been sentenced to twenty-four hours' imprisonment,
having been convicted the second time of spitting in
street cars. The Superior Court affirmed the judg-
A fruit company in California is said to have adopted
an interesting method of drying potatoes, by which
they are greatly lightened, so as to be more available
for transpurtalion. By thedrying process four-fifths
of the weight ij removed, without lessening the nutri-
trious value of the potato ordiminishing its excellence
as fo jd when cooked. It is reported that the company
engaged in this business will soon have ready for mar-
ket nearly a million pounds of dried potatoes, the
original \veight of which was about five million pounds.
According to advices from Tacoma more tea is now
on the Pacific Ocean than ever before at one time.
The importers have made large purchases in China
and Japan for immediate delivery, and are having it
liurried across the Pacific in order to enter it beLre
the Dingley bill goes into effect. It is said that 1,000
tons have already been landed, and 12,000,000 pounds
are on the way.
During the visit of the business men from Central
and South America to Lynn, Mass., last week, they
saw a pair of women's sho'es made in 14 minutes and
14 seconds. During the process fifty odd pieces of
leather passed through 85 pairs of hands.
A despatch received on the 21st instant from San
Francisco says: "Late reports regarding the earth-
quake shows that it was quite severe at Salinas, Mon-
terey County. At Gilroy the earthquake did much
damage. Numerous chimneys were toppled over,
house walls cracked, every plate-glass store window
shattered, and there was a general wreckage of bottles
and shelf ware in houses and stores. People rushed
out of their homes in terror. In some houses blinds
were wrenched from the hangings, and an unusual
scene of petty destruction is presented in nearly every
house and store in town."
Deaths in this city last week were 394, being 11
more than the previous week, and 20 less than the cor-
responding week of last year. Of the foregoing, 216
were males and 178 females : 45 died of consumption ;
31 of pneumonia ; 25 of heart disease ; 19 of cancer ;
15 of cholera infantum ; 15 of convulsions ; 14 of in-
flammation of the stomach and bowels; 14 of inflam-
mation of the brain ; 11 of nephritis ; 1 1 of inanition ;
10 of marasmus ; 10 of old age, and 9 of bronchitis.
Markets, &c.— U. S. 2's, 96 a 98 ; 4's, reg., 1 1 1 a 1 1 U ;
coupon, 113 a 113i; new 4's, 125 a 125i; 5's, llSj'a
a 114; currency 6's, 101 a 104.
Cotton was firm and advanced j'jC per pound to
8yjC. for middling uplands
Feed.— Spot bran, $11.50 to $12.00 per ton for win-
ter in bulk, and $10.75 a $11.25 for spring in sacks.
Flour. — Winter super, $2.75 a $2.90; do., extras,
$3.00 a $3.25 ; Pennsylvania roller, clear, $3.75 a $3.90;
do., do., straight. $3.90 a $4.10 ; Western winter, clear,
$3.75 a $3.90; do., do., straight, $3.90 a $4.10; do.,
do., patent, $4.15 a $4.35 ; spring, clear, $3.40 a $3.65 ;
do., straight, $3.75 a $3.90 ; do., patent, $4.00 a $4.15 ;
do., favorite brands, higher. City mills, extra, $3.10
a $3.40; do., clear, $4.00 a $4.15; do., straight, $4.15
a $4.25 ; do., patent, $4.25 a $4,50. Rye Flour.—
$2.25 a $2.40 per bbl. as to quality.
Grain. — No. 2 red wheat, 71 1 a 72c.
No. 2 mixed corn, 29 a 29Jc.
No. 2 white oats, 25| a 26c.
Beef Cattle. — Extra, 5 a 5Jc.; good, 4| a 4Jc.;
meiium, 4J a 4|c.; common, 4} a 4|c.
Sheep and Lambs.— Extra, 4} a 4|c.; good, 3J a 4c.;
medium, 3J a S-ic; common, 2| a 3a; fall lambs, 3i a
SJc. ; spring lambs, 4J a 6c.
Hoos.— Western, 5 a 5|e.; State, 4Jc.
Foreign. — The celebration of Queen Victoria's
Diamond Jubilee was begun on the 20th inst. Thanks-
giving services were held in St. Paul's, Westminster
Abbey and in places of worship throughout the United
Kingdom and in nearly every large city of Europe.
The Queen and members of the royal family attended
the services at St. George's Chapel, Windsor.
On Second-day Queen Victoria went from Windsor
to London. In the afternoon she received the royal
Envoys at Buckingham Palace. After entertaining
ninety of her most distinguished guests at dinner the
Queen received the diplomatic corps.
The State Council of Switzerland has declared in
favor of the State acquiring the railroads.
The London Daily Financial News says : " Foreign
matches, in future, instead of being supplied to us
from Sweden, will apparently come all the way from
Japan. The competition of the Orientals has already,
it is said, destroyed the Eur.ipean match trade in
India, China and Hong Kong, and will soon assert
itself in the United States. After supplying their
home market the Japanese are able to send 2,-500,-
000,000 boxes to the rest of the world, Asia, of course,
taking most of the surplus output. Osaka, where an
American syndicate has purchased one of the numer-
ous factories engaged in the manufacture, produced
last year 100,000,000 dozen boxes of matches, giving
employment to 3629 men and 9711 women, besides
sen per
the thousands of children, who earn a few
in the
Almost the whole of the Province of Assam has
been devastated by the earthquake of the 12th inst.
The ruin is appalling. The courts, treasuries, jails
and hospitals have collapsed. The crops are mostly
ruinedand great scarcity of food is expected. All
traffic is difficult, as numbers of the roads have been
completely demolished. Earthquake shocks still con-
tinue to be felt in the Province of Assam and much
alarm is felt, especially as renewed shocks are reported
from various places in Bengal. Heavy rains are im-
mensely increasing the damage already done. At
Shillong everything has been leveled and the loss of
life is heavy. At Goalpara a tidal wave destroyed
all the buildings, and the neighboring country is cov-
ered with fissures, which are spurting mud and sand.
many
The loss of life was also heavy at this place. Several
of the shaken districts have not been heard from. On
the 20th it was announced that 6000 lives had been
lost in the Province.
Dr. E. C. Stirling, F. R. S. announces that he has
discovered in the dry basin of a South Australian lake
remains of an extinct bird, which in life measured 12
feet in height. The bird seems to have been without
wings, and therefore is likely to have pos
of the habits of the ostrich. The skull
foot 2 inches. It is probable that it lived in marshy
places and fed on herbage. There is only one prehis-
toric bird known to history which has something ot
the same appearance as this unknown Australian speci-
men. The bird probably afforded food to the nativ'
of New Zealand, as is possibly also true of the Austr
lian bird.
A despatch received from the city of Oaxaca, on the ;
21st inst.says : " The continued earthquake shocks and '
heavy rains have seriously interrupted telegraph com-
munication with the Isthmvis of Tehuantepec during
the last three days. Advices were received here last j
night that the official commission sent to the city of [
Tehuantepec by President Diaz to investigate tlie re-
ported formation of a volcan'o and the extent of the r
earthquake damages has arrived at its destination and
found the condition of afliairs much worse than it had
expected.
"The town of Tehuantepec contains about 15,00{
inhabitants and is completely destroyed so far as houses
and buildings are concerned, not one remaining stand-
ing. There were a number of costly buildings in town.
The people are living in tents and the open air on i\u'
outskirts of the place.
" The earthquake shocks continue to be felt at fre.
quent intervals and the people are terrified. The
heavy smoke and other indications of an active volcant
to the west of Tehuantepec are no longer visible.'
President Faure of France has consented to act a:
arbitrator in the frontier dispute between Costa Rica
and Colombia.
The treaty of Amalpa, made in Ninth Month
provided for the union of the countries of Central Ameri ,
ca into a confederation, to be known as the Greatei
Republic of Central America. The matter was careful ■
ly considered and on Ninth Month 15th, 1896, thi
treaty was ratified by San Salvador, Honduras am'
Nicaragua. The entry of Guatemala and Costa Rica i
the latter consents, which is doubtful, completes the al ,
The object of the confederation is the amicable settle
ment of all matters of foreign relations affecting thi
individual countries. Government is by a Diet of Depj
uties, elected every three years, and meeting at on<
capital after another. Where arbitration is resorteti
to preference is to be given to the LTnited States as thi
deciding Power.
The confederation was recognized by President Cleve^
land on Twelfth Month 23rd last.
NOTICES.
Westtown Boarding School. — For convenienc
of persons coming to Westtown School, the stage wil
meet trains leaving Philadelphia 7.17 and 8.46 j
and 2.53 and 4.32 p. m. Other trains are met ^
requested. Stage fare on regular trips, fifteen c
on special trips, twenty-five cents each way. To read
the school by telegraph, wire West Chester Phone 8{f
Edward G. Smedley, Si
Westtown Boarding School. — Applications fq
the admission of pupils to the school, and letters ij
regard to instruction and discipline should be
dressed to William F. Wickersham, PrindpaL
Payments on account of board and tuitioc
communications in regard to business should be foi'
warded to Edward G. Smedley, Superintendenk'^
Address, Westtown P. O., Chester Co., Pa.
Persons desiring to assist in the erection of t
proposed asylum for the insane in Syria, may se
their contributions to Asa S. Wing,
409 Chestnut St., Phila.
Friends Select School will re-open Ninth M
20th. For printed circular or other information, ai
dress J. Henry Bartlett, Sup't,
140 N. Sixteenth Stree,'
A Y'OUNG woman Friend wishes a position as teacht;
a family or private school for next fall and winte
Some experience. " L," Box 54, Toughkenamon,
Chester County, Pa.
THE FRIEND
A Religions and Literary Jonrnal.
VOL. LXX.
SEVENTH-DAY, SEVENTH MONTH
No. 50.
PUBLISHED WEEKLY.
Price, if paid in advance, $2.00 per a
Edwin P. Sellew, Publisher,
No. 207 Walnut Place,
(South from Walnut Street, hetween Third and Fourth,)
PHILADELPHIA.
Articles designed for insertion to be addressed t
JOSEPH WALTON,
MooRESTOWN, Burlington Co., N. J.
Untered as second-class i
! Philadelphia P. O.
Richard Esterbrook.
(Continued from page 380.)
"Camden, Third Month .Slst, 1890.
I think the little piece iu The Friend,
tver the signature of Thomas Evans, is a gem,
tnd I greatly desire it may have close atten-
ion, for the kind of experience he points out is
■ssential to a right preparation of heart. More
ivideuce of this is greatly needed. If there is
lothing in it, then there is nothing to justify us.
it is here that the watchmen on our walls ought
; 0 stand, for it is through the avenue of an easy,
)lausible ministry that most of the trials of the
jociety have come. The manner may be agree-
able and the matter good, but both may be
vithout the needful stamp of right authority. I
im often grieved from the apprehension I have
ong had, that there is a ffreat lack of the mind
md e.^perience that T. Evans so clearly de-
jcribes. It is not religious activity that is
leeded, but that deep and weighty travail for
,he arising of that life, without which all is as
•lothing. I long to see our young men enter by
his door into their ministry, and not climb up
3y any other way or process, or be stimulated
-)j unskilful hands to their own lasting injury
md the grief of all who are capable of true dis-
sernment. I am persuaded that this is the con-
;ern that our friends in the station of elders
)ught to be engaged in above every other thing,
ink it will be so if they are ever rightly qualified
ibr what is required of them.
" If I have any correct feeling, there is a loud
3all within the limits of Philadelphia Yearly
Meeting for more of this watchful care, and to
?uard against a disposition to force things along,
'o make a shoiv of life. If the servants of God
m old time had not stood still in Jordan, they
30uld never have brought up stones of memorial
from thence, and it is as needful now as it was
then, if ewer we are true testimony bearers. Now,
dear friend, I want thee to feel this matter thy-
self, and not throw it aside, but consider it
weightily.
" We ought to be as one man in this con-
cern, and will be if things are right with us.
' No office or offices, no rank or station in the
Church in which we may find ourselves give
any qualification or authority. The authority
b is in a renewed sense of Divine life, and is held
in deep humility and a sense of our own weak-
ness. I do not desire any reply to this letter
— it is not needed. I want thee to consider it
carefully."
[The article here alluded to is on page 277 of
the sixty-third volume of The Fiiiend, and is
as follows] :
" Let it ever be borne in mind that religion
is an imvard work, a work of the heart, and not
of the head ; and that to live and walk in the
Spirit with Christ, comprehends its essence.
" There may be a great danger of turning
from this inward work, which is crucifying to
self, and attended with many humiliations and
mortifications, and substituting for it the more
easy routine of specious religious activity, and
thus suttering great loss, becoming lean and
dwarfish, in a spiritual sense, instead of growing
in grace and daily waiting on the Lord, and in-
wardly watching against sin, so as to be perfect-
ing holiness in his fear.
" There is room in the Church for the exer-
cise of every gift which the Holy Head sees
meet to dispense to his servants, and there is no
shortness or stinting on his part. What is want-
ing is humble submission to those fiery baplivns
xvhich purify the soul, andprepare it for the recep-
tion of the Lord's gifts.
" When these baptisms are patiently endured
until the times are fulfilled, and the period for
being shown unto Israel is fully come, then
' a man's gift maketh room for him,' whatever
that gift may be, and a door of usefulness in the
Church is opened to him, under the leading and
government of the great Giver, who will always
help every obedient servant to occupy the gift
profitably and acceptably in his fear.
"Thomas Evans."
[A letter dated Fourth Month, 29th, 1890,
refers to an article, then recently published, in
The British Friend, which criticized, in a "cap-
tious and unfair" manner, some of the state-
ments put forth by Philadelphia Yearly Meet-
ing, in "A Brief Narrative" of its position. The
letter says] :
"I have not a copy of the ' Brief Narrative'
by me, but I believe it was designed to show
what were the underlying causes that brought about
the position that Philadelphia Yearly Meeting
finds itself in. It was undoubtedly caused by
its etforts and concern to maintain its testimony
to the ancient principles and testimony of our
Society. .
" This fact should, I think, be re-asserted, in
reply to the mischievous essay I have referred
to. During the conflict with the South, twenty-
five to thirty years ago, it was often asserted by
persons in England, ' Oh, it is a war for suprem-
acy, etc., etc. Slavery has nothing to do with
it." And thus it teas sought to iveaken the in-
terest of the Britkh public in the contest. I re-
member Harriet Beecher Stowe remarked, in
reply to this, 'Although slavery may not be
the form of the war, it is the fact of it,' for the
question of slavery is at the bottom of the whole
struggle. I need not .say more, perhaps. I hope
thou wilt gather my meaning. I do not like
to have the accuracy of a document like the
' Brief Narrative' — prepared under a rightfious
concern — impugned and \U truthfulues.s called
in question."
[In The Friend of Fifth Month 17lh, ISitO,
there wiis published an editorial article com-
menting on that in The BritUh Friend, Uj which
the previous letter alluded. This says] :
"The 'Brief Narrative' clearly points out
that the difficulties and want of unity which
existed in the Society of Friends arose out of
departures from its original principles; and it
thus shows the underlying causes which brought
about the position in which Philadelphia Yearly
Meeting found itself It may be truly said
that, whatever other considerations became min-
gled with the efforts of Philadelphia Yearly
Meeting, tlie foundation of its peculiar position
was the effort to uphold the doctrines and tes-
timonies of the Society of Friends.
" The writer of the article in The Brilish
Friend states that a member of the Binns' Body
in Ohio was present and spoke in the Select
Yearly Meeting in Philadelphia in 1888. We
do not see what bearing this fact has on the
general question of the position of that Yearly
Meeting. Such persons have for years occa-
sionally been in attendance and have repeatedly
been admonished of the inconsistency of so at-
tending, but the fact that they have not i)een
forcibly ejected or prevented from entering the
meeting-room is a very weak foundation for the
assumption that the Yearly Meeting has ceased
to regard the Binns' Body as one outside of the
organizations which it recognizes as co-ordinate
branches of the Society of Friends."
Before publishing it I submitted it to my
valued friend, R. Esterbrook, who expressed
his approval in a letter, which says, " I have no
unity with Sanballat and Tobiah."
" Camden, Fifth Month 27lh, 1890.
" The enclosed letter was written by a near
connection of George Sharpless, who read it to
me and others on First-day last, being at his
house to dinner, M. Cope also there. It affected
me and tendered my spirit, and it was not easy
to avoid tears. It furnishes evidence of the kind
of concern that existed in that day, and of the
ground upon which those stood who went forth
as ' ambassadors for Christ,' travelled in the
work of the ministry, not on the mere mission-
ary principle and because they assert that they
have consecrated themselves to the Lord's ser-
vice, and thus rob Him of his prerogative to
choose, prepare and qualify his own instruments.
I see it is quite easy to drifl into this wide de-
parture. The steps are few and easily taken.
When pecuniary compensation is connected
with it the evil" is more apparent. None are
the Lord's messengers but those tvhom He him-
self puts forth, and every one of these depends
wholly up^)U Him, both" in going and coming.
Nothing can add to this or be deducted from it
394
THE FRIEND.
Seventh Mo. ;
that can make any difierence to the value of
this DiviDe fuuudatiou."
[The letter alluded to may be found on page
355, volume 63, of The Feiesd.]
" Camden, Sixth Month ]st, 1S90.
"Thy correspondent was at Western Quar-
terly Meeting, and I think what took place there
had' the tifect to convince nine out of ten of
those who were present as to the religious stand-
ing of the man, irrespective of any reference to
the doctrines advanced. Any Friend who as-
serts that he preaches heeame he has in some
iimepasi consecrated himse/f tothe service of Christ
shows at once where he stands, and that he is an
intruder into the woik of the ministry.
It is the prerogative of Christ alone to call
and qualify and prepare vessels for use in his
house. There are several that travel about and
to whom staying at home becomes irksome, that
have no better foundation than inclination, and
are, to my mind, doing great harm. One or two
that I could name have natural sagacity and
can carry themselves more plausibly, but are
none the less, perhaps more, mischievous. They
produce among ourselves a want of harmony,
and this leads to the policy of silence in regard
to them, and secret countenance and assistance
is given, and these things thut up or diminish
the openness and freedom which I regard as
one of the great blessings of religious association.
John Fothergill, in his journal, relates that,
on his return from a visit to this covniry, he re-
sumed the occupation of farming, believing it
best for ministers in our Society to have occu-
pation, that they might not be in danger of a
disposition to be too easily drawn into religious
service without the sense of the clear requiring
of our everlasting High Priest. I verily believe
the want of occupation at home, and not caring
to have it, has been a snare to several, and the
lack of spiritual discernment has made it an
easy thing to obtain paper credentials.
"This talk about a well-balanced and a
" round Go!q)el" is almost invariably heard from
those who are in heart gone from our testimony
or were never there. 1 have no doubt of it. I
thought of Andrew Johnson, soon after Lin-
coln's death, when Johnson stood better than
was afterwards the case, at a time when a class
of persons called 'Copperheads' were often heard
invoking the protection of the ' Constitution' for
Rebels. 'Show me a man,' said he, ' who prates
about the Constitution, and I will show you a
traitor at heart.' I write from memory. But
there is a point and lesson in it. My heart is
often made sad and I go heavily, because of the
sense I think I have of the state of things
A CouRTicous Retort. — One may be excused
for feeling a little joy when the man who goes
out of his way to make a rude remark in order
to show his wit receives a rebuke that is as cour-
teous as it is effective.
The retort given by a certain learned scien-
tist must have been more amusing to the on-
lookers than to the learned gentleman's antag-
onist.
It happened at dinner that one of the guests
began to deride philosophy and went on rudely
to express the opinion that philosopher was but
another way of spelling fool.
" What is your opinion, professor?" he asked.
" Is there much distance between them?"
The professor with a polite bow to his boorish
vis-a-vis, responded gravely. " Some times only
the width of a table."— C'/tm<ian Instructm:
Letter from Switzerland.
Pres XErycHATEL, 49 Corcelles.
Fifth Month oOtb, 1S97.
This is First-day morning — I was up the first
one in the house and spent an hour in the forest,
to get the mountain air and the view across the
lake, at the same time I committed to memory
a poem which I have to recite to-morrow. I
have just returned but no one but the maid
seems to be stirring so I have a little time
before breakfast still. Yesterday was the most
perfect day we have had here, for three weeks
the Alps have been half or entirely hidden with
dense clouds. They kept saying when I ex-
claimed at the beauty of a peak that now and
then showed itself — " but just wait until you see
the whole range." I felt it was beautiful
enough and did not care for anything more, but
yesterday morning when I had seated myself at
the desk in the study room, putting in the min-
utes before the breakfast bell rang, the young
girl who assists in the family and who by the
way is from Zurich and who speaks at present
a mixture of French and German came to the
door and said excitedly, " Mademoiselle koni-
men Sie, on voit toutes les Alpes," I made such
a spring that I nearly overturned the table and
chairs in my hurry to get to the dining room
from whose windows the view is superb, and
oh, what a view ! I was simply wild to rush off
up the mountain for the still far finer view
from the edge of the forest, but I did not know
my lesson, so was forced to possess myself in
patience. But when we were through at nine
there was nothing else to do and we spent the
greater part of the day up there watching the
changing effects. Nothing could be lovelier,
there is a long line of foothills in front of the
Alps that are now only slightly covered with
snow and which hide all except the highest
peaks of that part directly in front of us, but
they slope down at each end so as to allow a full
view of Mt. Blanc at the one and the Jungfrau
at the other end. Oh, they are so white, so
white, and yesterday the sky and lake were the
most intense blue, so that the mountains stood
out with absolute distinctness and we could see
great glaciers on their sides. All day the cloud
and light effects kept changing, but it was in
the evening that they showed up in all their
glory, we spent nearly two hours watching them
after tea, back of us was the glowing sky with
our own mountains dark against it, all about us
the woods, in front sloping steeply down the
meadows and vineyards, with the roofs of houses
clustered together in the midst of the foliage, at
our feet the enchanting lake and beyond the
Alps, what could be finer? Constantly the
colors deepened and the lake which was a per-
fect mirror, reflected them and the soft colors of
the sky.
The Jungfrau was completely lighted up
with scarcely a sign of shadow and from pure
white she became rose and finally took on an
almost purple glow, then the shadows crept up
and finally only the highest tip remained of a
rosy hue. When all the rest of the range had
grown pale again, Mt. Blanc, that had before
.seemed to be almost in shadow, suddenly be-
came a mass of rosy light, it seemed as if he were
conscious of his kingly rights and wished to
shine alone. But the lake, never was there
anything so lovely, everyone says that it is the
only lake in Switzerland that has such wonder-
ful changes and reflects the colors as it does. It
is really the lake that gives such life, such ex-
quisite variety, such charm to the whole land-
scape. This morning the scene was entirely
changed though equally lovely in its way. Th.
atmosphere was no longer perfectly clear, but i
haze hung over all the foothills connecting thi
lake with the hoary peaks, which lookei
dreamy and far away. One could not be mon ;
conveniently situated than we are here, for see
ing everything, and railroad travel spite of thi
difficult engineering is ridiculously cheap, thi
return ticket from here to Geneva is 9 franc
(we always go third class of course for
trips) and to Interlacken and back it is abou
the same. We will see at least these tw(
places. But not only the Alps can be so
visited from here, but the Juras in our immedi
ate vicinity enclose marvellous valleys, gorges
and streams.
Sixth Month, 1st. — Yesterday we had dinne
at half past eleven to allow us a long afternooi'
for the climb of one of the peaks a little to thi
right and back of us. It was a two hours
a half steady climb to a little hotel near thi
summit of this mountain, the Tourne, and whei
we reached there our main sensation was thato
hunger, we had come prepared for the heat, i
we went in and had a most delicious lunch witl
the freshest butter and cream for which we pai(;
70 ceulin:es (16 cents) a piece, we spent nearlj
an hour over it and then we continued oui
journey to the top. It was not far, and we hac
mainly the high mountain meadows to crosi
covered with lovely flowers, those beautifu
dwarf varieties that only grow in high altitudes
we were not at quite 5000 ft. however and ther
through a little grove, I had felt like saying
several times, this is certainly fine indeed, bull'
had expected rather more. I kept still how'
ever and when at what seemed the top I asked
"which path now?" And was answered "t(
the left." I advanced quietly a few steps
then gave such a cry and spring that Mademoi
selle said she thought I and my parasol wen'
going over the precipice together! In a minJ
ute we were all united and expressing with al
the energy the mountain air could give us oui
delight over the scene spread out at our feet'
But how try to describe it? We were on £
rock projecting out of the side of the raountairi
overhanging a beautifully green and cultivated!
valley a thousand feet below. We could seei
our own village and dozens and dozens of othersi
the city of Neufchatel and then not only our owm
beautiful lake but two others beyond and i"
the Alps. It seemed we could sit there always'
just drinking it in but we were forced to leavet
a little before sunset in order to reach homtl
before dark, it was a long tramp of twenty kilo»;
meters in all and one of the most beautiful
have taken.
Last week, one day, a party of eleven of us
went to the gorge de I'Areuse a little river that:
has eaten a way through the mountains and
empties in the lake a mile or so below here. Il
was a ten minutes ride by train to the station
from which in ten minutes more one finds one-
self descending into a cleft in the earth at the
bottom of which, between narrov/, rocky wall;
boils and seethes the little river, we followed a
narrow path cut in the rocks some seventy feet
above the river, with a railing for safety, for
several hours the sun shone down into the gorge
lighting up the foliage and the water. It was
perfectly enchanting. The trees that here and
there found footing in the rocky walls were
completely covered to their topmost branches
with long green moss. The humidity was so
great that ferns were growing all up amongst
the branches embedded simply in the moss.
It was late in the afternoon when we entered
juLli Mu. 8, 1897
THE FRIEND.
ntd :i picturesque little hotel, the Chalet de la
4nr ;e, situated iu a charming little valley where
.lie uuiuiitaius open out a little. We were half
'aiiiished of course, and ordered a diunerof trout,
yhich are always on haad fresh out of the river.
^Ve were served on the broad veranda which
illowed a charming view of beautiful nature
iriMiiid us. To reach the station which by the
va\- was on the line that we took from Paris to
N^eufchatel, we were forced to climb up the
uuuntain side and as it was a steep down grade
'he train made in about fifteen minutes or less
vhat liad cost us about four hours on foot.
liut there are any amount of more charming
'xcui'.-iious at hand, for instance between four
ind /ive in the afternoon we can take the train
lero at Corcelles and in an hour be way up on
he uKjuntain range back of the one upon which
lur village is situated and then walk down or
!ake the train as we like. The valley be-
iween the two ranges is a perfect garden spot,
here are twenty-two villages there and the
!:ultivation is perfect. Nothing could present
I greater contrast than between the peasants
if Germany and Switzerland- The cleanliness
nd perfect order of everything here is most
trikiiig and though the women work they are
lot slaves as they are in Germany, and there is
10 carrying of heavj' burdens on their backs.
3ut of course the condition of the peasants is
j'ery different here in this part of Switzerland
jhan in the Catholic part of the country.
;5veryone is intelligent and educated and there
is equality everywhere, one feels it in the very
[.ir. It is the freedom that makes the differ-
tnce.
I For "The Fkiknd."
; Shadow and Substance.
\ God still speaks in parables, if one would but
learken. Now, as in olden times, men go
hrough the world with eyes and ears closed to
he truths that God has placed around them.
Ji.s it is written, " Eyes have they, but they see
iiot; they have ears, but they hear not."
It seems that every incident in life, that
[ivery fact in nature, is a parable, if rightly un-
jlerstood. And what man calls substance,
ihings having form, hardness, solidity, is but
he shadow of things spiritual.
. An acorn falls into the ground and sends up
t stem having two leaves. As the plant grows
ither leaves come, in the fall frost fingers pluck
hem, and they are gone. The spring sees
)ther shadows that men call leaves come out
ipon the branches, the autumn sees them go, as
ilouds come and go across the summer sky.
The tiny shoot became the sapling, the sap-
ing became the monarch of the wood, the great
>ak fell and decayed, the longer shadow has
jassed away.
Every sower that goes out to sow is a repeti-
ion of our Lord's parable of the sower. Every
ieed sown which the rain and sunshine quicken
nto life, every plant reaching upward for light
md heat, speaks in clear strong tones, but man
s dull of hearing.
Tne hills and the valleys, the sunshine and
,he clouds, the cold, gray, damp, death-like fog
ind the starlit night, all are voiceful with a
.ongue that few men interpret.
Gold is the symbol of righteousness and pur-
ty of character ; yet man loves the shadow
•ather than the substance.
Why is it? Has man been so long clutching
It the shadow and finding his fingers empty,
-hat he doubts if there be any substance? Or,
lave his eyes become so used to semi-darkness, |
that the light beyond the shadow dazzles them ?
Does man not know that without the sub-
stance there could be no shadow ?
Shadows are given not to hinder but to help
man understand the substance. O, tliat man
could learn to discern the substance by the
shadow.
A few winters ago a little ground sparrow
found shelter beneath a brush heaj) across the
road from the woodpile. All that long cold
winter he sang a song wonderful in its sweet-
ness; but low, so low that one cjuld scarcely
hear it beyond the limit.s of the woodyard.
The fiercer the blast blew, the softer came the
notes, but no north wind could still the song.
Men saw a brush heap and a bird and heard
a song ; but the poet saw in them the shadow of
a grand eternal thought, and thought is sub-
stance, and thought being substance, is ever
clothed in shadow. For this is a world of
shadows.
Man himself is wrapt in shadow, as in a
cloud, and his hopes and aspirations struggle
to take form, struggle to make themselves
known beyond the shadow. For by these alone
can man make his existence known to another
soul. And only by following these can he hope
to solve the mysteries that lay untouched
around him.
If all the outer forms that surround man are
shadows, can he be blamed, if he mistake the
shadow for the substance?
Yes, for to all ages, to all countries and peo-
ples have come sages, poets and prophets testi-
fying that these things are but shadows of an
enduring substance, and, that for the sake of
the substance, man must delve deeper into the
shadow.
That man might know the perfect gift of
God, and that man might choose the substance
of eternal life instead of the eternal shadow of
death, the Great Substance by whom is all .sub-
stance, from whom emanates the power which
makes all substance enduring — took on the
shadow of man ; for man could not endure the
glory of the substance.
For this cause also, God must of necessity
reveal himself by shadow and by parable.
What excuse, then, has man ? None ; for
God created in man an aspiration, a reaching
outward and upward to things nobler and bet-
ter. And the Spirit of God, also, is sent to be a
guide to the spirit of man and to lead man out
of the shadows of this world into that of glor-
ious reality, where substance has superseded the
shadow.
God knows what is for the best ; and what-
ever heaven He has prepared for man is best
suited to man's condition and capacity of enjoy-
ment. Yet, if I, from my poor limited height
of observation, were to choose, I would choose a
heaven, where man, freed from the haunting,
ever present shadow, would see the substance as
it is ; where man would go from height to
height, from glory to glory, ever attaining onto
something better, with ever a higher standard
onto which to attain.
Lewis M. Hollingswoeth,
Pesnsville, Morgan Co., Ohio-
A Brave Deed. — It hardly seems possible
that a girl of sixteen should save nearly fifty
people from a terrible death, and yet that is
what Grace Bussell did. She is often called the
Grace Darling of Australia, and when you have
heard her story, I am sure you will say she de-
serves the name. Grace lived with her parents
iu Western Australia, and her father was one
of the first settlers near the Swan River. She
u.sed to help in many ways. She would ride
twenty miles a day with the cattle, and was as
much at home in the saddle as she was iu the
kitchen.
Before you can quite understand what a won-
derful work this girl did one day, you must re-
member that twenty years ago the towns in the
uewsettlemcntsin Australia were very far aj>art,
and i)eoj)le had often to ride for miles U) call on
their next-door neighbor.
Now it happened one day in December, 187G,
that a ve.ssel was wrecked off the coast about
eight miles from the Bu-ssell's home. The steam-
boat sprang a leak, and not being far from land,
the captain tried to steer her in. But it was of
no avail. She ran aground, and tiiere she
stayed, with the water gradually flowing into
her.
The life-boat which was on board the steamer
was lowered, but it leaked, too, and was so dif-
ficult to manage that eight people who had ven-
tured in it were drowned. So the rest of the
crew cluug to the steamer, and wondered whether
they could ever be saved. The surf ran .so wildly
that no one couM dare to ssvim through it, and
there was not a house or a person in sight.
But help was near, though they knew it not.
The girl of sixteen was riding along with a na-
tive servant. Slie caught sight of the vessel iu
distress, and turning her horse's head toward
the coast, she started at a quick gallop. When
she reached the sea she urged her horse into the
angry surf.
She rode boldly on till she reached the ves-
sel. With much difficulty she took some of the
children in her arras, and put them before her
on the saddle. Then, with women and bigger
children clinging to her dress, she started for
the shore, gave those she had rescued to the care
of the native, and returned once more to the
wreck. So she went backward and forward for
four hours, till all were safe on land, the servant
having ridden to bring out the last man.
Tired and wet as the girl was, she had still
something more to do. Those forty-eight people
whom she had rescued must have food and pro-
tection of some sort before night came on. So
Grace rode home for help, but by the time she
had gone the eight miles she was so worn out
herself that she fainted, and it was some time
before she could tell what had happened. Her
married sister started ofi" at once with food and
wraps for the shipwrecked people, and the next
day they were all taken to Bussell's hou.se.
You will agree with me that Grace well de-
served the medal of the Royal Humane Society
which was presented to her on January 8th,
1878.- Onward.
Ajierican Revisers' Edition of the Bi-
ble.— Since the issuing of the Revised Version
of the Old and New Testaments, there have
been frequent inquiries for an edition contain-
ing the preferences of the American revisers as
indicated at the close of the English Revision.
Such a publication is not yet allowable by the
terms of the original agreement, but steps have
been taken toward its preparation, and these
have been mentioned at ditterent times in these
columns. xV Wisconsin correspondent recently
made the following inquiry :
" Please state, in Notes on Open Lettere,
whether the American Revision Committee have
published their Bible, which, I think, it was
announced they would do in 189-5. I wish a
new Bible, but do not wish another English one,
on account of the use of pronouns, spelling and
396
THE FRIEND.
Seventh Mo. 3, 1897
many other things contrary to American ideas.
America ought to give us the best Bible."
In order to speak by authority on this point,
the inquiry was referred to Professor J. Henry
Thayer, of Harvard University, secretary of the
New TestamentCorapany of American Revisers,
and this is the reply :
" In reply to your inquiry of the 29th ult., I
may say that many months ago a correspond-
ence was opened by the publishing house of
Thomas Nelson & Sons [Edinburgh, London
and New York], looking towards the issue of
an 'Americaniztd' edition of the Revision. It
reached such a stage last midsummer, that I
rather expected the surviving members of the
American Revision Committee would be called
together last autumn to complete the work. But
I have heard nothing farther from them, and it
rests with them to prosecute the correspond-
ence. I hardly need remind you that the Ameri-
can Revisers are debarred in honor from issuing
an edition with their authorization till after the
lapse of fourteen years from the completion of
the English work— that is, until 1899."
It will be remembered that the Revised New
Testament was published in 1881, and the Old
Testament in 1885. Dr. Schaff said, in these
columns, that the Americanized New Testament
might be published in 1895, but this was not
done. Professor Thayer speaks of 1899 as the
time when the entire Bible may be published.
—S. S. Times.
Some Unpublished Incidents Relating to R.
Jordan and Other Friends.
Richard Jordan went, in company with Sam-
uel Smith, of Philadelphia, to England, they
both being on religious service. Samuel had
been there before, and was well known and
warmly welcomed by a large company at a
friend's house in Liverpool, on the first evening
of their arrival. While Richard was entirely
overlooked, being a stranger and making a rus-
tic appearance. The friends even supposed he
had come in the capacity of body servant" to
their friend Samuel. This slight R. felt very
keenly. Silting there, with no one deigning to
eonver.=e with him, was rather dull. To add to
the discomfort of his position, the company be-
gan to speak very slightingly of his native
State, North Carolina, and, particularly, they
seemed to have a very poor opinion of a place
called Rogue's Harbor, in that State, it being,
in their estimation, much like Nazareth, out of
which no good thing could come. So, Richard's
experience of his first evening in England was
a very uncomfortable one. The weary evening
at length came to an end, as all painful things
in this world will. On retiring to their cham-
ber, R- — - attacked Samuel, saying, " Why did
thee treat me so? Why didn't thee introduce me
to the friends?"
" Well, now, Richard, thou must excuse me.
I was so pleased at meeting with my old friends
that I quite forgot thee. Thou must excuse me."
This, perhaps, was something hard for him
to do, but next day, being meeting-day, those
who had assembled at the friend's house were
much surprised on seeing the "body-servant"
go up into the gallery.
R , in relating the occurrence, said, "The
first thing I had to say, on standing up, was,
' Friends, I dare not deny my country. I am
from N(jrth Carolina, and reside at a i)lace
called Rogue's Harbor,' " and he added, " I
think I never knew the stream of Gospel min-
istry to flow thiough me as it did that day."
And doubtless they concluded, ere he closed,
that something good might come even from
Rogue's Harbor.
When at the house of that worthy Friend, J.
G. Bevan, his host seemed pained with his un-
grammatical way of speaking, and proposed the
propriety of his taking some lessons, at the same
time placing a grammar in his hand, which
R meekly took, but soon laid aside. As
they came out from the first meeting they at-
tended together, J. G. B clapped him on
the shoulder, and said, "Preach on, Richard,
grammar or no grammar."
My informant, the late Amy Albertson, said
that she often had occasion to call upon R
for aid in some work of charity. This he would
always give, invariably saying:
"Of a little take a little, thou art welcome thereunto ;
Of a little leave a little, whatsoever thou mayst do."
I have often heard my father relate that,
when Joseph Carrington opened in his Monthly
Meeting his concern to pay a religious visit to
England, the members, knowing him to be a
man of weak mind, thought it would never do
fur him to go on such an important embassy,
and yet, fearing to take the responsibility of
stopping the concern, they gave him a minute,
each one thinking surely the Quarterly Meeting
will not hesitate to do it. Exactly so it fared
in the quarter, his friends feeling, "It will not
do for Joseph to go, but we cannot say aught
against it, iJut the Select Yearly Meeting cer-
tainly will."
However, he went with full credentials, and
had much very remarkable service. He it was
that, while visiting the drinking-houses in Bris-
tol, had thatmemorable interview with G. Withy
and his mother, in which he portrayed the fu-
ture career of that son, for whose welfare she
was so concerned. It is related that on a cer-
tain occasion the elder, who was then accom-
panying him, was much surprised and pained
because Joseph delivered, almost word for word,
the same discourse that he had done at anothi
place the day before. However, though strongly
tempted to do so, he concluded not to speak of
it to Joseph, seeing he appeared easy and com-
fortable. But imagine his consternation when,
next day's service was a rehash of the same.
This was too much, and the Friend resolved that
now he would take an opportunity with him
Not wishing, however, to take him aside in
the daytime, he concluded to wait until they
had retired for the night. And even then,
though sure that his friend was oflT the track,
yet, feeling weak, he resolved to defer the pain-
ful duty till morning. The elder passed an un-
easy, restless night, and was early awake, but
seeing his companion sleeping so peacefully, he
could not find it in his heart to awaken hi
Still, concluding that, when he did awake, he
would relieve his mind. Before this occurred,
however, he was called down to see a man who
had been at all three of the meetings, and who,
finding the secrets of his heart laid open again
and again, was now come as a weeping suppl
cant, desiring the Friend's aid towards the
restoration of peace of mind, and so, with the
conviction that his friend had been rightly led
the curtain lecture never came off.
On another occasion, the Friend at whose house
he was staying excused himself for being obliged
to leave home, by saying he was appointed on
a committee by his Monthly Meeting, in a cas^
of difficulty between some of their members
Jo.se])h immediately said, " I will get ready to
go with thee." The Friend, knowing J to
be a weak man, did not wish his company, and
said, " No ; thou had better stay and visit with
my wife. I will return as soon as practicable."
But, as Joseph insisted upon going along, a
horse was provided for him. They had not, i
however, gone far, before the horse became
restive, and ended by throwing Joseph into a
mud-puddle, at which his companion, inwardly
rejoicing, said, " Now thou wilt have to go back.
Thou cannot go on in this plight." " Oh, no,"
said J . " That was an effort of the devil
to hinder my service. I shall not be turned
aside by such means." So, on they went, and,
through J 's instrumentality, a long exist-
ing difficulty, which had baffled the efforts of
the Committee to reconcile, wa amicably ad-
justed.
A worthy Friend gave me the following re-
lation, showing how a beneficent Providence is
pleased at times to work mysteriously for wise
ends. A member of a well-known family in
Philadelphia, who had a remarkable capacity
for straightening out and settling intricate ac-
counts, was met one day by a stranger, who said
that a person had lately deceased whose affairs
were in much disorder, and asked if he would
not kindly attend to the settling of them, giving
(I think) information where papers relating
thereto might be found. The Friend excused
himself as not wishing to engage in such a mat-
ter. But the stranger pressed it upon him, say-
ing that it would be greatly to the detriment of
the family if some competent person did not
attend to it. As the Friend found the matter to
rest upon his mind, he went, after a couple of
days, to the place the stranger had indicated,
where, to his surprise, he found funeral services
in progress. What was his astonishment, upon
entering, to find lying iii the coffin the very
person who had met with him two days before,
and who had deceased at the very hour of his
appearance. The supernatural nature of the
circumstance induced the Friend to take the
matter in hand, and thus a great benefit was
conferred upon a worthy family.
A ministering Friend, while travelling in Eng-
land, was asked by the host at whose house she
was staying, how she had rested during the
night. She said, very well, only that she had
been disturbed by a man entering the room,
and being asked what kind of a man he ap- 1
peared to be, she said she supposed he was a
ijutler or some such employe. This increased-
her host's surprise, as she had no one acting in
that capacity. She signifying that she should
recognize the person who had entered, if seeing
him again, she was at length shown portraits of
some of the family ancestors, when, pointing to
one, she said, "That was the man who came
into my room." Then, intensely interested, the
host queried what he did. (It is to be noted that
many old English houses are wainscotted, in
imitation of paneling). She said, " He went to
a certain part of the room, and drew back a
sliding panel." The man of the house said he
knew nothing of there being any such thing
there. LTpon going, however, to the place she
indicated, it was found to be even so, and a
bundle of papers was drawn forth, placed there,
doubtless, by the ancestor.
And here comes in the most remarkable part
of the story, for a suit being at that very time
pending involving the legal ownership of the
estate, he had now evidence making good his
title.
The following incident, illustrating the power
of prejudice, and how difficult it is for even
goodly people to become disabused, where once
Seventh Mo. 3, 1S97
THE FRIEND.
397
they have imbibed it, was given nie by the late
John Stokes, who received ii from J.Hcag'sown
mmilh. That he, Joseph, had allowed himself
t(j indulge unkindly feeling toward a woman
Frii ml, who at times appeared by way of min-
istry. " I really thought, "said J ," that she was
n'li lit to preach." On awakening one morning,
my mind was impressed that I ought to go to a
"somewhat distant meeting that day. As the
matter seemed clear, he awoke his wife, who
said, " Well, if thee has to go, it is time for thee
to get ready and for me to get thy breakfast for
thee." Arriving at the place, Joseph soon found
his mind brought under exercise, and appre-
hending the proper time liad come for it, he
had put forth his hands to the rail to rise to his
feet, when a woman Friend began to speak,
iisini: the very words which were in his mind.
Jii-(]ili said that, as he sat there, the matter
iptiiL-d before him, exactly as if he had been
an his feet, and that word for word, as it arose
n his mind, so she spake it forth. And when
t (■l^^cd with him, she sat down. He telt per-
f'e( ily relieved and had not a word to say. But
\s he rode home, he was led to inquire why he
:h(uld have been sent and have no vocal ser-
s-ice. He said, "I was given to see what a
prejudice I had had against this woman, and
aelieved I was sent that I might see and feel
or myself, and I was bound to acknowledge
hat it'was the Gospel she preached."
This little incident, told me by a friend, I
lever saw in print: That J. H , going into
<i tavern to lodge, found his mind impressed
'vith the belief that the landlord meditated mis-
;hief, and it arose with him to say, " I intend
'o hold a religious meeting to-morrow." "Oh,
■^ou are a preacher, are you?" Upon which the
inxiety all went off. The inference is that a
(readier would not be worth molesting.
i Few Remarks on the Game called " Nations."
■ I have felt concerned because some Friends'
liildren, who I am persuaded would notindulge
;n j)laying " cards," do not object to joining in
he game called " Nations." The rules of this
:;ame, I am told by some who understand the
'natter, are founded precisely on those of cards
ised in gambling, the only difference being in
Ihe terms employed ; so that any one under-
tanding " Nations," can with a little instruction
;)lay euchre.
i It seems to me that there is great danger of
'ome among our young people, more especially
te boys, being tempted by unscrupulous com-
■lanions to try their skill at " cards," when they
^nd out they know how to play, through having
" Nations" at their homes. Jl is the old story
if the camel's nose being permitted to enter the
nan's door.
"Abstain from all aj)pearance of evil," is a
ext that contains much instruction where one
3 in doubt as to the lawfulness of any amuse-
nent. I believe the Enemy of souls is ever
Vatching to lead us into sin through seemingly
nnocent means, pleading that we need not be
00 scrupulous in small matters. But oh, is it
lot better and wiser to be on the safe side, and
leny ourselves some gratification than to try
low near we can come to the line that separates
he harmless from the hurtful — the edge of the
irecipice over which we may be carried before
fe are aware of our danger ?
A. J. GRnisHAW.
Sixth Month 13lh, 1S97.
Happiness is the crown of virtue.
THE FIRE BY THE SEA.
Tliere were seven fishers willi nets in their hands,
And they walked and talked by Ihe seaside Bands,
Yet sweet as the sweet dew-fall
The words they spake, though Ihcy spake so low.
Across the long, dim centuries' flow;
And we know them, one and all —
Aye ! know them and love them all.
The livelong night, till the moon went out,
In the drowning waters they beat about;
Beat slow through the fogs their way ;
And the sails dropped down with wriuging wet,
And no man drew but an empty net,
And now 'twas the break of the day — ■
The great glad break of the day.
" C;ist your nets on the oilier side" —
'Twas Jesus speaking across the tide —
.\nd they cast and were dragging hard ;
But that disciple whom Jesus loved
Cried straightway out, for his heart was moved :
" It is our risen Lord —
Our Master and our Lord !"
Then Simon, girding his' fisher's coat,
Went over the nets and out of the boat —
Aye ! first of them all was he ;
Repenting sore the denial past.
He feared no longer his heart to cast
Like an anchor into the sea —
Down deep in the hungry sea.
And the others, through the mists so dim,
In a little ship came after him.
Dragging their nets through the tide;
And when they had gotten close to the huul
They saw a fire of coals in the sand.
And, with arms of love so wide,
Jesus, the Crucified 1
'Tis long, and long, and long ago,
vSince the rosy lights began to flow
O'er the hills of Galilee ;
And with eager eyes and lifted hands
The seven fishers saw on the sands
The fire of coals by the sea—
On the wet, wild sands by the sea.
'Tis long ago, yet faith in our souls
Is kindled just by that fire of coals
That streamed o'er the mists of the sea ;
Where Peter, girding his fisher's coat,
Went over the net and out of the beat.
To answer, " Lov'st thou Me?"
Thrice over, " Lov'st thou Me?"
THE BLIND WEAVER.
A blind boy stood beside the loom
And wove a fabric. To and fr'i
Beneath his firm and steady touch
He made the busy shuttle go.
.\nd oft the teacher passed that w:iy
.\nd gave the colors, thread by thread ;
But to the boy the pattern fair
Was all unseen — its hues were dead.
" How can you weave ?" we, pitying, cried.
The blind boy smiled. "I do my best ;
I make my fabric firm and strong.
And one who sees does all the rest."
O, happy thought ! Beside life's loom
\\'e blindly strive our best to do.
.\nd He who marked the pattern out.
And holds the threads, will make it true.
—Youth's Covipanhn.
Those who believe that beer-drinking is help-
ful rather than harmful ought to read what the
insurance doctors are saying. At a convention
here lately they discussed the matter seriously
and scientifically, and they held that the habit
is injurious and makes persons bad risks for in-
surance. Dr. Rogers, of the New York Life
Insurance Co., said :
" Recently I had occasion to make some study
of what happens among persons engaged in the
manufacture of beer, defined generally as brew-
3Iv cases included not onlv the working-
ers.
men engaged in breweries, but also the projirie-
tors of breweries. It is a curious fact that tlie
mortality among the proprietors is about as
high as among the workingmen, showing that
they are all given to copious libations.
"Another curious fact is that the data that I
have been able to secure indicates tiiat Urtello's
point, emphasized by Dr. Bernacki, that mor-
tality is very high at advanced ages, is very
well borne out. Tiie mortality is strikingly
low among brewers in early years. Up to forty
or thereabouts brewers seem to be about aa good
risks as pretty much anybody else. After forty
the mortality rises very high, and I should say
that at fifty-five or sixty years of age about tiiree
brewers may be expected to die where one aver-
age person dies."
It is already clear that beer is not a temper-
ance drink. Now, according to the doctors, it
saps the vital forces, and this is an extremely
weighty indictment against it. — Lale Paper.
For "The Fkiend."
Haddonfield Quarterly Meeting,
This body convenes in the .Sixth Month in
the old house at 3It. Laurel called Evesham.
The building is large enough to accommodate
the Quarterly Meeting with comfort. For many
years after the separation of 1827, both bodies
occupied the house, but the meeting of those
called Hicksites became so small that tliey
concluded to discontinue their meeting at that
place, and a few years ago requested our Friends
to take charge of the whole building. The
number of our members has also much dimin-
ished. This has been the experience of many
meetings near the city of Philadelphia, which
have not the advantages of railroad facilities;
while others located on railroads, as Haddon-
field, Moore-stown, Germantown and Media tend
to increase in size at the expense of those less
favorably situated. An evidence of the truth of
this general proposition was manifest by the re-
ception at the Quarterly fleeting of a request
from some Friends residing at Xlerchantville
for the establishment at tliat place of an in-
dulged meeting. This was kindly received by the
(Quarterly Meeting, which appointed a joint com-
mittee of men and women Friends to meet with
FriendsatMerchantville, examine the situation
of things there, and report their judgment to
the next Quarterly Meeting. The committee
subsequently met, divided itself into three parts,
which are to attend meetings at Merchantville
during the next three First-days and then meet
for conferences.
It is a pleasing circumstance that our members
residing at that place are so much interested
in the case as to be willing to make an effort
to establish a meeting for their own benefit and
that of their neighbors. -The ultimate success
of this movement will depend largely on the
fervency of spirit of those interested in it. A
meeting held after the manner of Friends can-
not be expected to prosper unless there are a
body of members who are livingly concerned
to wait upon the Lord and seek communion
with Him in spirit, and are willing to pass
through exercise of spirit in seeking the Divine
blessing. We sincerely hope this may prove to
be the case in the present instance, and that a
body of spiritual worshippers at Merchantville
may increase in number and in spiritual weight.
"The vocal exercises in the first meeting were
opened with a petition to the Father of Mer-
cies, that He would spread over the assembly
and the hearts of those present, as a covering, a
sense of his holy presence. This was iu good
398
THE FRIEND.
Seventh Mo. 3, 1895
measure experienced. Several Friends spoke
in the line of exhortation, to the comfort and
help of the meeting. One revived the language
of Paul when Divinely visited on his way to
Damascus, " Lord, what wilt thou have me to
do." This language ought to be the habitual
frame of our spirit — a desire to know and to do
the will of our Father in Heaven. Tlie neces-
sity of bearing the cross and the blessed effect
of living in submission to Christ was spoken of
and awakened desires in some to experience the
purifying operations of that cleansing of the
heart which the Lord alone can effect.
In the second meeting, the extracts from the
minutes of our late Yearly Meeting were read,
and properly disposed of
Before the conclusion of the meeting a mes-
sage was received from the women requesting
that at the close of the meeting the shutters
might be opened. This was acceded to, and we
were favored with a communication from a
Friend who had been exercised in spirit lest
there should be introduced into our Quarterly
Meeting a disposition to set aside some of the
testimonies which our Society had upheld from
the beginning, and which were closely connected
with the doctrines we had been called upon to
uphold. The language of the Psalmist was
quoted, " Beautiful for situation, the joy of the
whole earth is Mount Zion, the city of the Great
King." This is still applicable to the invisible
and spiritual church, and a concern was ex-
pressed that our outward visible church might
more and more become a branch of the invisible
and spiritual one.
A Friend, in unison with the term of the ex-
ercise that had been expressed, quoted the lan-
guage of that dignified elder, Jonathan Evans,
" The cross, the operation of that power that
humbles the creature in the dust, is the great
object of the Enemy's hatred, at which he is
ever aiming his shafts."
The meeting separated under a feeling that
it had been an interesting and profitable occa-
sion. ^^__^_^__ J. W.
For " The Friend."
Lake Mohonk Conference on International
Arbitration.
The Third Lake Mohonk International Ar-
bitration Conference was held at Lake Mohonk
on the second, third and fourth of this (Sixth)
month, with a large attendance of representa-
tive and influential men and women from widely
separated localities and various walks of life.
Lawyers, ministers of the Gospel, presidents and
professors of colleges, military men, and others
active in the busy afl'airs of life, all joining in
hearty accord in promoting the reign of reason
in the settlement of differences between nations,
instead of war and force.
Ex-Senator George F. Edmunds of Vermont
presided over the deliberations of the confer-
ence with dignity and great ability, and in an
opening address he contrasted the hope of last
year with the disa[)pointment over the rejection
of the Arbitration Treaty. But, he said, " there
was no occasion for discouragement. Senates
come and Senates go, and we shall have a
Senate that will ratify a treaty representing the
best thought and conscience of the nation. This
is a government of public opinion, and it is for
us to create a public opinion in behalf of inter-
national reason and justice which shall secure
them."
There was much expression of disappointment
over the rejection of tlie Anglo-American treaty
by the Senate, yet as all great questions mov
slowly, it was thought there was no cause for dis-
couragement, as the i^rinciple had been firmly
established, and an encouraging sign was that
seven international treaties had been entered
into by different nations during the past year.
Much stress was laid on the importance of rous-
ing public sentiment and training the young,
that we may have a higher patriotism, which
shall recognize the identity of our true national
interests with the interests of mankind. We
ust " consecrate the people to the cause of ar-
bitration."
The following declaration of principles was
unanimously adopted with great enthusiasm :
' The civilized world may well rejoice at the
unprecedented progress of the cause of interna-
tional arbitration during the last year.
' We deplore the temporary check to the
cause by the failure of the Senate to ratify the
proposed treaty with England ; but we recall
the majority of the Senate in its favor, large,
though less than the necessary two-thirds, and
s believe that while the small minority hon-
tly opposed it, their reasons were not such as
to command permanent support. The over-
whelming majority of the country should only
be stimulated by this temporary failure to more
zealous activity, urging our Executive to renew
the treaty, with such modifications, if any, as
may be approved in the light of the recent study
of the subject by the Senate. Our country
should also make a similar treaty with France,
Germany, Austria, Belgium and Switzerland,
whose Parliaments have taken action in favor
of a permanent system of arbitration between
civilized nations, and with all other countries
which may take similar action. We look for-
ward hopefully to the creation in some form of
an international court, always open for the set-
tlement of differences which diplomacy may
fail to adjust, to which court any nation may
resort.
"The thanks of this conference are tendered
to ex-President Cleveland, ex-Secretary Olney
and Sir Julian Pauncefote for their eminent
services to the cause of international arbitration,
and to President McKinley and Secretary Sher-
man for their hearty support of the same great
cause. The outburst of public approval of this
treaty proves the growing power of Christian
conscience. The pulpit, the press, colleges and
associations of the bar, of trade and of labor,
have given almost unanimous support in behalf
of the cause."
Several hundred dollars was subscribed for
the circulation of the literature of the Confer-
ence, and ten thousand copies of the proceed-
ings of the Conference will be prepared imme-
diately. Resolutions of thanks to Mr. Smiley
for his hospitality were passed and responded
to by him. They proposed to fight out the
cause of peace on this mountain, he said, if it
took a hundred years. Senator Edmunds, ac-
knowledging the resolutions of thanks to liim-
self, spoke warmly and confidently of the future,
believing that a nearer time than many imagine
would see the establishment of international
reason and peace.
A telegram was sent by the Conference to
Queen Victoria congratulating heron her jubi-
lee, and expressing the hope that peace between
her land and this may continue through all
coming ages.
Thou must hold communion with God or
thy soul will die. Thou must walk with God
or satan will walk with thee. Thou must grow
in grace or thou will lose it.
'h
Fkom "The British Friend."
London Yearly Meeting.
CContiuued from page 381.)
Second-day morning. Fifth Mo. 24th (Joint
Session). — This sitting considered the proposals
laid before it by the joint Committee appointed
to adapt the Meeting for Suflferings to the new
situation produced by the admission of women.
By way of preventing the increased membership
making the meeting too large for an executive
body, the committee proposed that instead of
the Meeting for Sufferings being open to all
members of Ministry and Oversiglit meetings, it
should be open only to ministers and elders, ex
officio, and to elected representatives also, to
tiie number of sixty from Loudon and Middle-
sex Quarterly Meeting and of fifteen from other
Quarterly Meetings. After a long discussion
the proposals were adopted ; it being understood
that any Friend specially interested in any sub-
ject could obtain admission, and that the present
arrangements would be unchanged till after the
Yearly Meeting of 1898.
A proposal came up from Yorkshire Quarterly
Meeting to cease answering the Query as to how
meetings are attended, and confine the written
answers to the mere point of whether meetings
had been held. It was stated that many in the
Quarterly Meeting had wished to do away with
answering altogether. Some Friends in the
Yearly Meeting also took this line. The insuf-
ficiency and trifling value of the present an-
swers were very generally felt, and contrasted
with the valuable triennial reports. It was
pointed out that the answers at present mis up
statistics and moral responsibility, and that the
spectacle of elderly Friends puzzling over the
choice of words was not very edifying to the
young. The result of a long discussion was to
adopt the suggestion from Yorkshire.
Second-day afternoon (Joint Session). — The
report of the Anti-Slavery Committee of the
Meeting for Sufferings was read, reporting the
emancipation of the Zanzibar and Pemba slaves,
with limitations, by the Sultan of Zanzibar, and
recommending the carrying out of an industrial
mission on the island of Pemba, to be supported
by subscription among Friends. It was re-
gretted that the eftect of the proclamation was
not extended to Mombasa. The emancipation of
slaves in the Niger Territory was welcomed, and
continued support was asked for in the crusadej
against slavery as still existing in the heart of
Africa and elsewhere.
H.S. Newman (called on by the Clerk), saidi,
that with one hundred and forty thousand slavesj
set at liberty, it was necessary that there should!
be some Christian church to stand by themy
advance their education, and raise them up iu
industrial pursuits, so that when they had ob-
tained their freedom they might be able to pro-
vide their own support and be independent to a;
considerable extent of their former masters. On;
the island of Pemba, where no Christian mis^|
sionaries of any kind were established, therei
were fifty thousand negroes. He would refer toj
some of the steps which the English Govera-
raent bad taken towards doing away with the
slave trade. In 1873 the Sultan Barghash was
persuaded to issue a decree abolishing the slave
trade, but nearly twenty years after, it waSj
found that there was still a continual influx of
colored people who had been stolen for slaves;
from the mainland and brought over to culti-
vate the clove plantations. In 1S89 and 1890,
other appeals were made by the English Gov-
ernment, and they persuaded the Sultan tOj
adopt a decree abolishing all slave trade in the
;3eventli Mo. 3, 1897
THE FRIEND.
399
lislauds. It became illegal to sell or buy slaves
or to trausl'er them except by inheritance. In
the ^aiiie year an agreement was made by the
EiiL'li^h Government with the Sultan that every
fhilil horn ofter the beginning of 1890 should
be iili.^olutely free. He could hardly explain
to that Meeting the effect of that arraugemeut
ou tliose two islands. From that date the Arabs
did everything they could to discountenance the
birth of children, and this led not only to a
great deal of infanticide, but in a large variety
3f cruel and immoral ways to prevent the slaves
from having children. During the la.st seven
years comparatively few children had been born
;o the negroes on these islands. That was a
bi^tory of the efforts of the English Govern-
ment up to 189G. Then the Sultan died, the
Dwuer at that time of about thirty thousand
3laves. There was a contest for a few days as
;o who should be Sultan, but the English Gov-
3rnnient proclaimed Haraoud-bin-Mahomed.
t The English Government had been getting a
[firm hold of the island for many years, and no
'doubt there had been a great improvement of
late years in the condition of the slaves. When
the Consuls found that manifest cruelty had
been committed, the slaves were released and
she masters sometimes punished. The following
ncident would illustrate how deeply slavery
jas ingrained in the minds of the population
Independently of Arab proprietorship. A woman
iame to the Consul to complain that an Arab
bad stolen her, and upon this being substantiated
ihe was released and awarded twenty rupees,
lalf of the fine inflicted on the Arab. A little
ater the Consul asked her what she was going
0 do with the money, and she at once replied,
'To buy a young slave!" The colored people
lad no principle themselves against slavery,
hough they would much prefer freedom for
heiuselves.
^'ow, to a certain extent, they had the law
it their back. If a slave wanted to be free, he
;ould go to the Valia and claim his freedom.
' There was a strong opinion amongst the officials
)n the island that the people should be kept
here. But very many of the slaves when they
vere set free said that though willing to stop
md work for a fair wage on the plantations for
iwhile, they wanted to go home to the country
vhence they were stolen. The Government
lad no right to interfere with that very natural
lesire. But every fair inducement might be of-
fered them to remain ; and there was no doubt
I hat where fair wages and good treatment were
jfiered, many of them would stay. In one case
eventy or eighty out of about one hundred and
ifty accepted General Mathews' request to re-
nain on the plantations, for a Mr wage and a
lut and garden to each. He himself, with
Theodore Burtt, had visited a great many Arab
;hiefs, who discussed the coming emancipation
Vith them in a perfectly open manner. They
leclared that they would be perfectly willing
0 give half the harvest of cloves as payment
0 the men who gathered the harvest. He did
lot imagine that all the slaves would at once
ake up their freedom ; this would probably take
ome years.
E. Wright Brooks said the Yearly Meeting
lad now to consider its duty at this remarkable
uncture. By political changes a great number
f slaves had come under our control — though
ot under our flag, which by the law of the
and would have freed every one beneath it.
t became necessary to stir the Government
nd make it uncomfortable for them ; and now,
bough the shackles had not been struck from
the slaves in the way we should have desired, the
legal status of slavery had l)een al)olislied, and
it became illegal to hold them. The knowledge
of this did not appear to have fully reached all
these poor peo])ie yet, but it would very soon do
so. The people were in a condition of gro.w
darkness, and we could only help them by go-
ing to them, by sending our representatives
with the weight and the influence of the Society
behind them, and its hands and its money be-
neath them.
The Clerk said it was quite clear that the
meeting was prepared to accept the proposition.
He read a minute accordingly.
The report of the Joint Peace Committee was
read.
Thomas Hodgkin earnestly hoped that Friends
would not be disappointed by the reception which
had been given to the proposal for an Arbitration
Treaty between England and America. It was
one of those reverses which would probably in
the end lead to a victory. Perhaps the result of
the movement for arbitration between those two
countries might be all the more solid and en-
during because it was not in any way outrun-
ning, but rather lagging behind, public opinion
in the United States. Intelligent Americans
had expressed to him their great regret at the
prospect of that treaty falling to the ground.
Rufus M. Jones said that the great bulk of the
people of the United States had been in favor of
the Arbitration Treaty and spoke in favor of it.
The petitions sent in in favor would have al-
most filled the Senate House. Almost all the
intelligent sentiment of the United States was
in favor of it. Those who labored so hard for
the ratification of the Treaty saw its ultimate
triumph only a little further removed.
Third day afternoon (Joint Session). — The
first business was the consideration of the re-
port of the Armenian Relief Committee.
Edmund Wright Brooks said that Friends
who were present at the meeting last year when
the matter took so strong a hold on the sympa-
thies of Friends, would remember the strong ap-
peal they had made to them on that occasion
for the aid of the oppressed Armenians. They
now saw in the report and the accounts that
had been presented to them the results of that
appeal. He desired to say with regard to what
had appeared in the public prints that it had
not exceeded, and that it would have been im-
possible for it to exceed the truth as to what
had taken place. The report they had just
heard said that the suffering and the misery
were incalculable; and that was true. It had
amounted very nearly to the destruction of an
ancient Christian race, solely because they were
like ourselves, professors of the Christian faith
and followers of the Lord Jesus Christ. Could
our Society have done otherwise than rise to the
occasion with sympathy and liberal help. It
was almost without precedent that an occasion
of this kind should be so long drawn out, that
during twelve months a Committee should have
been asking the Society for money, and that the
Society should almost daily have been handing
money to it. For something like nine months
scarcely a single post had been delivered that
had not conveyed one or many contributions
from the Society towards this fund. It might
be thought that the time had come when this
great effort should be relaxed or laid down ; but
one of the chief objects of his speaking that day
was to say that this ought not to be so. Although
during the summer the suffering would be less,
yet when the severity of another winter season
approached, the Committee earnestly hoped that
the Society woidd not become weary of well-
doing, but that it would again be ready to ex-
tend it.s practical sympathy and liberal help.
From varitni.s parts of Asiatic Turkey, and over
the border into Persia, canie most distressing
accounts of the sufferings of the people. Large
numbers of Armenians and Nestorians, whom
the Turks clas,sed together, were making their
way over the border into Persia, and Dr. Cock-
ram had written a letter giving most satisfactory
accounts of their condition. There were what
.seemed to be satisfactory channels for their re-
lief.
The Clerk read a minute in which attention
was called to the continued and severe sufTering
in Armenia, and onimenditig the matter to the
renewed liberality of Friends and the care of
the Meeting for Sufferings.
Items.
Meiitbirj (tj'Ihe Indiuii C<jinmittre.—\i the meeting
of this body, held Sixth Month l.Oth, several sub-
jects of an interesting nature were considered.
A Friend who had recently visited the school at
Tunesassah, reported that it was going on well,
and had its full complement of forty-five scholars,
but there were eighty-five applications on the list
waiting for admittance to the benefits of the train-
ing received at this Institution. If a separate school
building \va.s erected, an addition of about ten
might be made to the number of scholars at acom-
paratively slight cost. This suggestion led to con-
siderable discussion. Attention was called to the
increase of expenditure which always accompanies
enlargements of buildings or families ; and we were
reminded that while it was very practicable to
build up a large school, yet it might be attended
with a loss or diminution of that good influence we
are now exerting. The final issue was the appoint-
ment of a committee of men and women Friends
to examine carefully the subject and make report
to a future meeting.
Under a feeling of religious concern, one of the
women members of the committee had drawn up a
loving epistle to their Seneca sisters, containing
good counsel, affectionately conveyed. It was an
acceptable offering, and it was concluded to have
it printed, signed by all the female members of
the Committee, and distributed among the Seneca
The Seneca Oil Company, an association whose
headquarters are at Salamanca, had leased the oil
rights on about forty-five hundred acres of the
nortbe;istern part of the reservation, and had paid
four thousand dollars, which was one of the stipu-
lations ot tiie lease, and this money had been di-
vided among the Indians individually. Future
payments will be in the nature of royalties and de-
pend on the productiveness of the wells that may
be opened.
P/iilade/jjhta Meefing far Suffering". — At the meet-
ing of this body, held Sixth Month 18ih, among
other business, was an application from Garden
City Monthly Meeting, Kansas, forwarded by the
Trustees of the Charleston estate, for aid in erect-
ing a meeting-house. The Trustees favored grant-
ing an appropriation of five hundred dollars. The
case had been before them several times, and much
care had been taken to investigate the matter. It
appeared that the prominent members of that meet-
ing did not favor departures from the ancient
practices of Friends, as to their manner of holding
meetings for worship, and the Monthly Meeting
had refused to sanction the pastoral system. The
Meeting for Sufferings made the grant asked for.
Eltou B. Gilford was present as a member for
the first lime, liaving been appointed one of its
representatives by Philadelphia Quarterly Meeting,
in place of our friend William U. Ditzler, dece.ased.
A committee appointed at a previous meeting to
examine a work prepared by one of our members,
entitled, '^Incidents Illustraling the Hktory and Doc-
trines of the Society of Friends," reported that after
hearing the book read, they were united in recom-
mending its publication. The meeting accepted
their report, and a minute was made accepting the
400
THE FRIEND.
book from iu author and referring it to tlie Book
Committee for publication.
Tlie meeting was brought under exercise by the
information, that a bill legalizing betting on horse
races had been introduced into the Legislature of
Pennsylvania. The Committee to watch Legisla-
tive proceedings was requested to attend to the
subject.
The United Presbyterian lately had these
timely remarks upon " Money for Self, but None
for God :" " The times are very hard. We hear
it on every side. Business men tell us that
sales are greatly reduced, that collections are
more difficult than ever before, and that the
outlook is very discouraging. At the same time
the threatres are well patronized, the saloons
are not lacking in customers, political parades
go on as usual before the election, multitudes
go on special trains to see or hear their candi-
dates, the excursion trains to summer resorts
were full, " Sunday" excursions are crowded.
There is money in plenty to waste, but for good
purposes it is difficult to find. There is some-
thing wrong. There is a wrong of which God
takes note, and for which He will send retribu-
tion. God's providence is inexorable, and all
his dues are collected in some way, but alas, for
us in the day of collection !"
SUMM.^RY OF EVENTS.
United States.— The Tariff Bill is making steady
progress in the Senate, and it is believed, will be
passed on Fifth-day of next week.
The State Department has practically completed its
reply to the Japanese protest against the Hawaiian
annexation treaty, but has not yet delivered it. The
reply is understood to be dignified in tone, a strong
legal defence of our position, which, wilhout in any
sense abating our claims, still does not disdain tn sup-
port them by much citation of precedent and interna-
tional law.
During the American Revnhition an English maga-
zine published an estimate of the future population of
the North American colonies. Placing the population
then at 2,000,000, and assuming that it would double
itself every twenty-five years, the writer then esti-
mated that in 1890 the nnmber would have increased
to 04,000,000. This may be taken as a most remarka-
ble prediction, inasmuch as the census of 1890 fixes the
total population at 62,r)22,250.
The steamship Glenshiel, one of the finest on the
Chinese coast, arrived at San Francisco last week,
with 4,700 tons of lea, of which 2,700 will be sent over-
land. This is the largest consignment of tea which
has been received there for many years.
A great reservoir which is about to be built in the
Nashua River Basin to supply Boston and its suburbs
with water will entail the practical obliteration of
West Bnylslon, which lies in the middle of the area
proposed to be used for reservoir purposes. West
Bnylston is a factory town, giving employment to sev-
eral hundreds of operatives in various cotton mills.
The famous steer Jnmbo, of Wichita, Kan., which
had attained the weight of 5,000 pounds, was killed
the other day and will be mounted for exhibition pur-
poses.
Fighting the high water during the recent flood cost
the city of New Orleans ^171,000, which was much
leS3 than was expected.
Deaths in this city last week were 428, being 34
more than ihe previous week, and 70 less than the c'lr-
responding week of last year. Of the foregoing, 206
were males and 222 females: 34 died of pneumonia;
33 of consumption; 33 of heart disease; 32 of diph-
theria ; 29 of marasmus ; 25 of convulsions ; 22 of chol-
era infantum ; 15 of old age; 15 of cancer; 14 of apo-
plexy ; 11 of indammation of the brain ; 11 of scarlet
fever; 11 of whooping cough; 10 of nephritis; 9 of
inllammation of the stomach and bowels, and 9 of in
anition.
il/aritte, <6c.— U. S. 2's, 96 J a 98; 4's, reg., lllj e
IIU ; coupon, 113 a 113i; new 4's, 125 a 125.5; 5's
1141 a 114J; currency 6's^ lOU a 104J.
Cotton was quiet but steady, middling uplands be
ins oflicially quoted at 8c. per pound.
Feed.— Spot bran, $11.00 to ,$l 1..50 per ton for win
ter in bulk, and $10.50 a $11.00 for spring in sacks.
Flour. — Winter super, $2.75 a $2.90; do., extras
$3.00 a $3.25 ; Pennsylvania roller, clear, $3.75 a $3.90;
do., do., straight, $3.90 a $4.00 ; Western winter, clear,
$3.75 a $3.90; do., do., straight, $3.90 a $4.00; do.,
do., patent, $4.15 a $4.30 ; spring, clear, $3.40 a $3.65 ;
do., straight, $3.75 a $3.90 ; do., patent, $4.00 a $4.20 ;
do., favorite brands, higher. City mills, extra, $3.10
$3.40; do., clear, $4.00 a $4.15: do., straight, $4.15
$4.25 ; do., patent, $4.25 a $4.50. Rye Flodr.—
$2.25 a $2.40 per bbl. as to quality.
Grain. — No. 2 red wheat, 75 a 76c.
No. 2 mixed corn, 28J a 2SJc.
No. 2 white oats, 25i a 26c.
Beep Cattle. — Extra, Sg a SJc; good, 45- a 5c.;
medium, 4| a 4Jc.; common, 4f a 4ic.
Sheep AND Lambs. — Extra, 4^ a4.TC.; good, 3 J a 4c.;
medium, 3^ a SJc; common, 2 a 3c.; fall lambs, 3 a 4Jc.;
spring lambs, 4 a 5Jc.
Hogs. — Western, 5} a 5|c.; other sorts, 5 a 5}c ;
State, 4Jc.
Foreign. — The Jubilee procession in London on the
22nd ult.was practically iu three sections, colonial, mili-
ry and royal. The Queen was in a landau drawn by
eight cream colored horses, and she had an escort of
thirty British and foreign princes. She received a
popular ovation all along the route. The Queen con-
tinued to participate in the several events connected
with the Jubilee to which she had been assigned. It
is stated that henceforth for whatever span of life
may be left to her, Queen Victoria will confine herself
to such work for the stale as can be done at Windsor,
Balmoral or Osborne. All those ofiicial functions,
drawing rooms, public ceremonies, opening town halls,
hospitals and the like, which bring the sovereign face
to face with the people, will now be relegated to the
Prince and Princess of Wales.
When Victoria was crowned Queen of England,
over 20,000 gallons of wine were consumed by the
people of London at the coronation festivities. Now,
at the celebration of the 60th year of her reign, the
committee in charge of the arrangements has "cour-
teously declined to accept five pipes of port wine
offered by wine merchants."
The Lf-ndon Graphic's Washington correspondent
represents President McKinley as saying on the Cu-
ban question, " I anticipate no departure from the
policy of my predecessor. We have no reason to in-
terfere in a quarrel between Spain and her colonies.
Our interests are not sufiicienlly jeopardized to war-
rant other than diplomatic interference."
The Russian turret ironclad Oangool ran upon a
reef near Transund on the 25th ult., during a storm,
and sank almost immediately. The crew is reported
saved.
The Hungarian crop prospects are very unpromis-
ing. The yield of wheat and rye will be much below
the average.
The town of Kolomea, in Galicia, has been flooded
by the rising of the river Prulh. A bridge was swept
away while a train was crossing it, and it is believed
that many persons were drowned.
There have been several engagements between
Musselmans and Christians in Crete and many were
killed on both sides.
Germany has refused to support the Sultan in his
efforts to retain Thessally.
Moslems in Teheran, Persia, have attacked the Jew-
ish quarters of the city, and threaten to exterminate
the Jews unless they embrace Mohammedanism.
It is reported that the Dhanis expedition to the
headwaters of the Nile has been massacred. Baron
Dhanis last year enlisted 6,000 men in the Congo
Free Stale to take part in a secret expedition. It
was the general impre-sion that this force wa^ intended
to act in conjunction with the Anglo-Egyptian expe-
dition up the Nile and take the Mahdists between
two tires and eventually complete the reconquest of
the Soudan.
Another European party has been ma.ssacred in New
Guinea. No details have yet been received.
The volcano Mayon, in the Phillippines, has been
in a state of violent eruption. There has been con-
siderable loss of life.
The Spanish Government has signed a contract for
a 6 per cent, loan of $8,000,000, to meet the expenses
of the war in the Phillippine Islands.
Heavy rains are falling in the interior of Cuba.
Tourists are beginning to talk of the Arctic regions
as a summer resort. One who penetrated Spitzbergeu
last year says that the tempeiature on a clear day in
Seventh Month, is about like that of an English spring,
but more frequently the midsummer weather is cold
eriough for winter clothing, including pea jackets lined
with fur. The interior of Spitzbergen, though but little
explored, is to be brought within ten days of London
It is stated that there are 1,000,000 blind people in
the world, or one to every 1.500 inhabitants. Latest
reports show 23,000 blind persons in England, or 870
for each million inhabitants. Russia and Egypt are
the countries where the blind constitute the largest pro-
portion, in Russia on account of the lack of experienced
medical attention, and in Egypt because of ophthalmia
due to irritation caused by movement of the sand by
the wind. There are nearly 200,000 blind persons in
European Russia, the larger number being in Finland
and the northern provinces. This is ascribed to the
flat country and imperfect ventilation in huts of the
peasantry. Though more than half of the blind popu-
lation of Europe is found in Russia, there are only
twenty-five asylums for the blind in the Empire, one-
tenth of the total number in Europe.
Twenty-six miners have been killed by a fall of rock
in the Labrar Mines, in the province of Ataeama,
Chile.
A despatch of Sixth Month 24th, from Tegucigalpa,
Honduras, states that a treaty for the provisional
union of the the five republics of Central America
has been signed at Guatamala.
Canadian and Italian asbestos will find a serious
competitor in the blue asbestos recently discovered in
the Cape Colony, since the South African product is
less than half as heavy and furnishes fibres considera-
bly finer and longer than any other.
NOTICES.
We-sttown Boarding School. — For convenienc«
of persons coming to Westtown School, the stage will
meet trains leaving Philadelphia 7.17 and 8.46 A. M. '
and 2.53 and 4.32 p. M. Other trains are met when
requested. Stage fare on regular trips, fifteen cents
on special trips, twenty-five cents each way. To reach
the school by telegraph, wire West Chester Phone 85 1
Edward G. Smedley, Sup'l
Westtown Boarding School. — Applications foi
the admission of pupils to the school, and letters ir
regard to instruction and discipline should be ad
dressed to William F. Wickehsham, Principal.
Payments on account of board and tuition, am
communications in regard to business should be for
warded to Edward G. Smedley, Superintendent.
Address, Westtown P. O., Chester Co., Pa.
Friends Select School will re-open Ninth Mo
20th. For printed circular or other information, ad
dress J. Henry Bartlett, Sup't,
140 N. Sixteenth Street
A Y'OtTNG woman Friend wishes a position as teache
in a family or private school for next fall and winter
Some experience. " L," Box 54, Toughkenamon,
Chester County, Pa.
desiring to assist in the erection of th(
proposed asylum for the insane in Syria, may senc
their contributions to AsA S. Wing,
409 Chestnut St., Phila.
Wanted, situation as attendant, travelling compan
m or nursery governess by experienced Friend.
Address " M," Office of The Friend.
Barclay Home. — The Managers inform that ther
are now vacant in " The Barclay Home," two larg
rooms, where Friends desiring either permanent 0
transient board can be comfortably accommodated 2
reasonable rates- The house is situated in a pleasar '
part of the borough and with its commodious porch*
and ample grounds is a desirable residence.
Those wishing to avail themselves of its privilege
will please make early application to
The Barclay Home, 326 N. Walnut St.,
West Chester, Pa.
Died, Fourth Month 26tli, 1897, Mary K. Jacksoi
in the thirly-second year of her age ; a member of it
Monihly M'f-eting of Friends of Philadelpliia for tli
Northern District. This dear young Friend had at
a birthright in our religious Society, but was convince
of its principles while attending a school under ll
direction of Friends; and being obedient to the D
vine manifestation was made willing to bow her net
to the yoke of Him, who slid, "Take my yoke upr
you, and learn of me," and so we believe found ll
"rest which He promised, as was evident by the cal
trustfulness with which she received the intimatif
that her course was nearly run, although she h:
looked toward recoverv.
THE FRIEND.
A Religious and Literary Joui^nal.
VOL. LXX.
SEVENTH-DAY, SEVENTH MONTH
No. 51.
PUBLISHED WEEKLY.
Price, if paid in advance, $2.00 per i
Subscriptions, payments and business communii
received by
Edwin P. Sellew, Pdelisher,
No. 207 Walnut Place,
(South from Walnut Street, between Third ind Fourth,)
PHILADELPHIA.
Articles designed for i>isertion to be addressed to
JOSEPH WALTON,
MOORESTOWN, BtlRLINQTON CO., N. J.
Entered as second-class matter at Philadelphia P. O.
Richard Esterbrook.
" Thy kind note came to hand this morning,
ind the drafts of an editorial, which I have looked
)ver,and design to keep it a little longer. I cor-
iially approve of the preparation of an editorial
)n the subject. It is of great importance that
-t be very carefully prepared. Our testimony
;o plainness of dress and habits and the plain
language must be made to rest upon their origi-
nal foundation, connected with the work of true
ipiritual religion, as distinguished from an in-
tellectual Christianity only. It is a striking fact,
;hat I believe it is safe to state that all of the
members of our Society who have ever attained
;o true religious experience, have been led to
;ake up the cross of Christ, and to follow his
guidance into these very things. They have
known what it is to become as clay in the hands
)f the potter, and to experience the turning and
overturning of the Divine hand upon them. And
they have been made, in this way, vessels of
honor, fitted and prepared for the Master's use.
ind He has dispensed upon such, gifts for ser-
srice which cannot be obtained in any other way.
" I also believe it to be true that, if faithfulness
and obedience had not kept pace with the know-
ledge of the Divine will immediately made
manifest, that the work, the vessel, would have
been marred upon the wheel, and would never
bave been fitted for the Master's use, but thrown
aside. Whatever there is without this prepara-
tion of heart by the Spirit, is of the flesh and of
the will of man, and not in the will of God. I
have no doubt it is safe to assert all this in
humble confidence and holy certainty.
" The revelation of Christ to every soul by the
Father is the rock and foundation upon which
Christ will build his Church. This seems to me
to cover the whole ground. All the schools and
colleges will never help it forward in the least.
It comes not that way. I long that this Truth
could be established and more and more pre-
vail, that this pure and saving knowledge of
God and of Christ might prevail and cover the
aarth, as the waters cover the sea. This is that
knowledge of God and of Christ which is life
eternal.
" I had a letter from Debbie Cope this morn-
ing, giving a report of dear Morris Cope's con-
dition, which appears to be considered as critical.
He seems to be in a sweet state of mind. I love
him dearly.
" I enclose a check for ten dollars, an a little
contribution for our beloved friend, D. II. I
ho[)e a sum of twenty dollars at least will be
raised and sent. I am very desirous that his
latter days may be rendered comfortable. It
does not take much money to help such, whose
habits are so simple."
"Plain-field, Seventh Month 30th, 1890.
" Thy kind note received, inclosing one from
C. H., which I have read with much comfort. I
like the tone of it very much. I enclose my
check for twenty-five dollars, which I shall be
glad for thee to send to him, with a message of
my love and sympathy. It is a trying accident,
as well as being attended with expense of medi-
cal and other care, which I feel glad to help out
a little."
[The above refers to a Friend who had met
with a serious accident. R. E was a liberal
man, and often sent me checks for the relief of
suflering cases. Indeed, I do not remember ever
applying to him in vain.]
" William Penn, writing to Dr. Tillotson, says.
' There are two things I abhor in religion. One
is submission upon authority, without convic-
tion.' I write from memory. This was a kind
of key-note, and ran through the whole.
"I have long been enamored with this view
of things. It is this that makes strong charac-
ters. It was also a saying of William Penn, " If
Truth cannot prevail with her own weapons, all
others will fail her.' Keeping upon such ground,
we are safe, I believe, and there is no other, in-
deed, worth striving for. Let us, then, dear
friend, be encouraged and keep to our strong-
holds.
"After reading thy editorial in connection with
' Water Baptism,' I feel as if I would encourage
thee to write another, and point out on what we
rest our testimony, not upon the meaninr/, one way
or another, of a ' Greek' ivord,' which may help
to show the "kind of baptism that was practised
in early days. But this, its incongruity with a
spiritual dispensation, and that it was to de-
crease and cease— as belonging to a typical and
shadowy time which was to be done away in
Christ, and that it is no Gospel ordinance, was
never commanded by Christ ; although, for a
time, practised in condescension. But practice
is not institution.
" W. Ddll has some excellent remarks on this
subject. I venture to suggest this subject for
thv' consideration. I think it might be profit-
able. I think the report of a committee of the
Yearly Meeting previous — the one before 1882
is my impression, but the year of its appoint-
ments I do not recall. I was a member of it,
and I remember the drift of the paragraph I
referred to well. I think it would help to show the
connection, the absolute necessity of a due prep-
aration of the heart before the reception of spir-
itual gifts. I desire not to burden thee. I like
thy remarks as to dear Morris Coix-, who ia a
noble character, a Christian nobleman, made of
sterling stuff Such men are like the 'stars in
their courses,' as menlione<l by Deborah."
Plainfieli>, Seventh Month 8tli, 1890.
" I have no doubt it is the new rock of relig-
ion, whose foundation is in the head, that haa
led to the comf )rtable dismissal of the doctrine
of the true cro.-s of (.hrist, which the apostle
declared was what he had learned to glory in,
by which he was crucified unto the worhi, and
which brings forth the new creature; not by a
conformity outwardly wrought by inclination or
imitation, but inwardly in the course of obedi-
ence to Divine requiring through the Holy
Spirit. It is in this way only, and not by any
outward prescription whatever, that, the blessed
change is wrought in a man, and he brings forth
the/ria7« of the Spirit, which are by .Jesus Christ
to the praise and glory of God. The members
of our Society must l)e brought back to this
foundation for their religion, and for all their
religious activities, befjre the 'shout of a kiny'
will ever be heard again in our camp as in days
that I have known. It is not in man to give
himself a concern to promote the kingdom of
Christ on earth, and to labor for the good of
others in his own time and will.
" There is, I believe, a sad departure in this
respect from our proper foundation. It has be-
come popular to be active in works liy which a
show of zeal is made, but it is not of the Lord.
Those who feel this and see it, cannot be other
than mourners in Zion, and their harps hung
upon the willows. I feel sure this must be the
case with many at the present day everywhere.
" By the rivers of Babylon there we sat down ;
yea, we wept when we remembered Zion." I en-
courage the hope that thou will be able to ' read
me,' as the words are sometimes used, for I
have penned these lines in a feeling of tender-
ness and brokenness of spirit.
"It is the law of the spirit of life in Christ
Jesus that set^ free from the law of sin and of
death. As the members of our Society stand
on this foundation, no weapon formed against
them can prosper. Nothing can hurt or destroy
in this Holy Mountain, and those who are truly
united in this bond will be one another's hap-
piness and joy in the Lord."
" Camden-, Tenth Month 4th, 1890.
" I left home on Fourth-day evening, intending
to goto Christiana from Coatesville, to attend the
funeral of Walker Moore, but the way did not
seem quite open to carry it out, and I attended
Fallowfield Meeting, and returned to Coatesville
to dine. After that was over we drove — A. Gib-
bons and I — to London Grove, and sat about
two hours with dear Morris Cope. He was sit-
tincr up in his chair, seemed feeble and worn,
and was in pain with rheumatism in his arms.
He thought the damp weather was the cause of
it. He was quietly calm and cheerful, and at
times evinced that he was still Morris Cope by
some characteristic remarks. We did not ob-
serve any aberration of mind, nor much deficit
402
THE FRIEND.
.Seventh Mo. 10,
of memory. He was pleased to say, when we
took leave, that our company had made him
feel better. It is both instruclive and humbling
to observe the fading character of all human
qualifications, and what the finest of men are
soon reduced to. It would be very encouraging
to see some in younger life giving promise of
coming up in strength of character and good
judgment. It is the Lord that must confer these
gifts, for every good gift and every perfect gift
is of and from Him. In whom and as many as
are found in Him, the Father is well pleased.
The will and wisdom of men must be laid as in
the dust, that the Lord alone may be exalted.
How sweet and savory are the memoranda of
dear Abigail Hutchinson. They are instructive
and edifying.
Some Rarely Observed Bird Visitors and Bird
Habits in Burlington County, N. J.
[The paper from which the following is ex-
tracted was prepared and read before theMoores-
town Natural History Society, by Thomas J.
Beans, who, while closely occupied with his
duties as a tiller of the soil, has, throughout his
life been an interested observer of nature. — W.
E.]
It is the purpose this evening to speak only
of a few of the rarer bird visitors, and of a few
rarely noted habits, or at least rarely recorded
incidents in bird life within our county.
In the year 1858 the Delaware tribe of In-
dians were located on the very choicest lands in
Kansas, under their chief, " Tanganoxie," with
whom I dined in that year. But though larger
game was more plentiful among the original
forests, it is said to be true that singing birds
are comparatively scarce in such wild regions.
St. Pierre, of France, writes: "It is very re-
markable that all over the globe they discover
an instinct that attracts them to the habitations
of men. If there be a single hut in the forest,
all the singing birds of the vicinity come and
settle around it. Nay, they are not to be found
except in places which are inhabited. I have
travelled more than six hundred leagues through
the forests of Russia, but never met with small
birds except in the neighborhood of villages.
When we perceived the sparrows fluttering
about, we concluded we must be near some in-
habited place. In this we were never once de-
ceived."
As Burlington County has its ocean shore
front, its pine barrens, its tide water borders,
and its uplands with clear streams, each dis-
trict furnishing congenial homes for the char-
acteristic needs of differing species of birds, it
follows that we are likely to have a greater
number as well as a greater variety of birds,
than similar areas with more uniformity of sur-
face and soil.
Among the rare birds I have met with in our
county was one shot by a boy about two miles
from Moorestown, and brought to me for identi-
fication by my friend, the late Dr. S. C.Thorn-
ton. It was an entire stranger. Its length was ten
inches; the whole head, neck and breast glossy
black, the rest of the plumage russet brown, a
white spot at the base of primaries; tail, black
with white lip; abdomen, white ; bill and legs,
yellow. Reference to descriptions in American
ornithology furnished r)o clue to its identity.
But after a long search among the collections
of the Philadelphia Academy of Natural Sci-
ences, I found it belonged to the Starling fam-
ily, was a specimen of Acxidoil\eres Irmtw, Syn.
Gracwfa— common name, " Myna." Throughout
India and Burmah it is the commonest of coun-
try birds, afiects towns, villages and men's habi-
tations, rather than jungles, roosts in particular
trees, and keeps up noisy, chattering concert.
At sunrise disperses in groups of three or four
to fields, follows cattle, picking up disturbed
grasshoppers, grain or fruit. A few stay about
houses watching for fragments of cooked rice;
walks nodding his head ; flight strong and di-
rect. Has a great variety of notes, some pleas-
ing and musical, others harsh ; is a household
bird ; builds in nooks, under eaves or in pots
hung out by the natives ; nests four or five eggs
and several broods a year. It is frequently
caged and domesticated, following master as a
dog. It is a good imitator and soon learns
words and sentences. It was taken to Mauritius
from India to destroy grasshoppers and is there
naturalized. It is most likely that the specimen
found by Dr. Thornton escaped from a cage, as
I have not been able to learn of any being im-
ported for introduction.
Between the years 1859 and 1863 I sent sev
eral ducks to Dr. Brown and Mr. White for the
Burlington County Lyceum of Natural History
collection. Among them was a " ruddy duck,"
which was killed by me when crossing the
Delaware River at mouth of Rancocas in a
skifli", during a wild storm, at some personal risk.
Its mate I did not get. It was the only speci-
men I saw there during a six year's residence.
It is met with ahmg the shore, and we read
also along inland rivers. Its red plumage gives
it a unique and attractive appearance.
Adjacent to my residence at junction of Dela
ware and Rancocas Rivers was a marsh, that at
high water was covered to within thirty yards
of the house, and that at low water was exposed
for two or three hundred yards. This, with
large contiguous areas, was in season covered
with a rank growth of aquatic plants, and was a
favorite haunt and feeding ground of aquatic
birds. The location and environment of this
home gave opportunity for learning something
of the relation of man to niigratoiy wild fowl,
especially the Mallard duck. We kept there a
flock of domestic ducks, selecting those whose
plumage resembled that of the Mallard and the
Dusky duck. When wild ducks were migrat-
ing southward in autumn, individuals and some-
times several, but never flocks, would feed and
associate with our domestic ducks, sit on shore
with them during the day and frequently pass
by the house back to the barn, and there spend
the night with them. Some would allow the
family to pass by without showing fear; others
would rise, but alight again when they found
their companions did not accompany them.
This would be a frequent occurrence during
autumn, but never in the spring when their
movement was northward. The conjecture was
that the autumn familiars were young birds,
who in their flight from their birthplaces in the
far north wilderness had never encountered or
learned to fear the form and face of man. But
in their migrations and winter residence in the
South, abundant opportunity would be given
to make man's acquaintance to those passing
northward in the spring. Further confirma-
tion of this view was found in the fact that
many of the confiding autumn visitors were not
fully grown although fully plumaged. Argu-
ing that fear of man is acquired, not instinctive.
While residing at above spoken of home, we
had in season numerous but rarely visible neigh-
bors, the Rail Birds. Their favorite food is the
delicious grain of the wild rice or reed, the Zi-
zania oquaiica, gathering the harvest after it has
fallen from the plant to the ground, and not, as
does the reed bird, from the stalk. When the
tide is out they feed and walk among the dense
matted growth where we can scarcely force our
hand, perhaps in hundreds, and we may walk
by or through their residence and not suspect
their presence. When the tide rises or falls,
they keep at its surface, clinging to the foliage,
But even then they rarely reveal themselves by
flight, save where men in boats passing near
compel exposure. This habit of concealment
and reluctant flight is well known, as also that
there are several waves of migratory movement
during the autumn. But little mention is made
of their rising so freely in the evening or at
night. Flushed during the day, they fly slowly,
with pendant legs, and alight soon. Yet this
hesitating and brief flight in day time is not
from incapacity for long and bolder adventure
on wing, but because it is its purpose not to
rise at all in the day time, to secure safety by
hiding and running through the matted reeds,
for which its color and conformation of body is
so well adapted. Yet I have seen them in emer-
gency during high winds make flight as wild and
well sustained as the weird English snipe. They
have been known to alight upon vessels one
hundred miles from land. The late John Krider
told me he had frequently heard their voices
high in the air as they moved over the city in
thtir migratory flight. They show most intelli-
gent discrimination in adapting their conduct
to the requirements of successful avoidance
their enemies. The marsh spoken of above was
lowest at its southern extremity, one-half mile
below our home, and boats in quest of rail birds
would begin there and work up as tide allowed
As this occurred day after day the rail birds
seemed to learn the signification of the reports
of guns, for some would rise, hundreds of yards
from the advancing boats, and fly to shelter of
shrubbery near the house and adjacent thickets,
thus affording an opportunity for observation,
to a motionless critic. Their peculiarities of at-
titude and movement and concealment could
be carefully studied. Their habit of conceal
ment by diving and taking position beneath
the water, with bill above the surface, alongside
of a plant, is well known. But I was permitted
to see one of their exploits that I have never
read of or heard reported by others.
About the year 1860 I saw a rail bird among
some docks which grew along the river's edge,
outside of the reed limit. It was a quiet day,
the water clear and about two or three feet^
deep. I walked out to it, but when I came nean
I saw it dive and swim readily through thel
water six or eight inches below the surface, us-i
ing its wings for propelling, but of course with'
much more restraint and less extension than ini
flying. The water was so clear and calm, tha
conditions for observation so favorable, and thS
revelation so unique, that I followed leisurely
and critically for a long time. If I paused it
would rise near enough to the surface to lifl its
bill above it, by the side of a concealing dock,
to breathe. At my approach, it would start
again to swim beneath the surface, as unhesi-
tatingly and skilfully as though it were not an
emergency expedient, or an acquisition, but
came of heredity. But there is danger that a
single incident may indicate an individual, not
a class act. There is, no doubt, distinct indi-
viduality throughout all animate nature.
These specimens of American Crossbill (Lome
curvirostra, I secured when feeding among the
pine cones in a grove near the mouth of Ran-
^uventbMo. 10,1897
THE FRIEND.
403
coc;ui, in the year 1865. They mainly reside
farther north, and are seen most frequently
during severe winters, in our county. They are
nut conspicuous in voice, manner or plumage,
and as you see, can only teed on seed of pine
cones, readily. They may be distinguished by
„their quite peculiar note when feeding or flying
jijacros-s open spaces, or by the flutter of tlie rud-
ders severed by the feeding birds from the seeds
pried out from the pine cones. Regarding its
peculiar bill conformation, Wilson, the great
ornithologist, writes: "Its deviation from the
common form, instead of being a defect or mon-
itrosity, is a striking proof of the wisdom, and
dud, superintending care of the Great Crea-
or."
Another Crossbill, the White-wiuged (Loxia
Lineoptera), is somewhat smaller and more rare.
Witmer Stone and his compeers of the Dela-
•ware Valley Ornithological Club, in their valua-
ble " Birds of Eastern Pennsylvania and New
Jersey," record of this bird : "One was observed
February 2nd, 1884, at Wynnewood, Pa. In bill
formation they are unique among our American
birds and in northern Europe. We have all
iheard the mythical story that its bill was dis-
torted and its plumage ensanguined in efforts
to remove the cruel nails that fastened our
Saviour to the cross, and that the family has
been honored with the perpetuated evidence of
its ancestral sympathy."
The Mocking Bird {Mimiis Polyglottm), is,
'Mr. Stone says, a very rare summer resident,
land mentions the breeding of a pair near Engle-
iwood, N. J., in 1884, and one secured by himself
■at Cape May on Aug. 27th, 1891. I heard of a
pair near Hainesport, in our county, many years
ago, and there must have been something very
noticeable in their personality, for their visit is
a well preserved traditional event. During a
'residence of thirty-eight years in Burlington
County I have heard of or seen but one pair, and
these l)red near us about the year 1869. They
'arrived in the night and attracted much atten-
tion by loud, constant and vivacious song, as
they moved from tree to tree, and frequently
'alighted on the buildings. Its imitations of
'other birds were nearly perfect, and were often
interjected when its own song was in mid-career
without breaking the swift current of melody.
This unusual outburst of vocalization, so elate
and jubilant, startled poultry and stilled the
songs of the birds whose homes were near us.
:This continued for several days, so that while
• the novelty and brilliancy of the incessant song
■attracted our admiration and wonder, we at
length came to wish for a change to the more
■ quiet and sweeter music of our resident birds,
whose concerted harmony without rivalry was
' more enduringly agreeable than the rapturous
I solos of this opera singer among birds, conscious
of his exceeding superiority and seeming to seek
' recognition and applause, and permit no rival
' near the throne.
But this is not said in contravention of his su-
preme merit as a songster among American birds.
The ecstatic outburst of music that announced
the arrival of our mocking bird so attracted
our attention that employment and conversation
gave place to breathless wonder and admiration.
Every modulation of voice seemed possible to
him, from mellow, flute like tones to those bold,
\ strong and exhilarant, while interspersed were
imitations that exceeded tiie originals in etfect,
because following and preceding others so sud-
' denly variant, and all the while, he himself,
elastic and winged, was never at rest, but tossed
by ecstacy with such an abandon of enthusi-
asm, that there was as much of vivacity in his
movement's as in his song. Tlie nightingale of
America, some call him.
On our warm soils witli water and swamps ad-
jacent, the Song Tiirush { Harporynchii-i rtifus),
finds a favorite haunt. Our home is about'one-
quarter of a mile from the Kancocas, ami is
surrounded by trees. The lane and roadsides
are bordered by them, many of which are tall.
Though the Song Thrush nests on the ground
and spends most of his time near it, it is when
jierched on the topmost boughs of the tall trees
that the thrushes in early spring and during
the mating season, in numbers, treat us to their
sweetest minstrelsy. However many there may
be, their notes and merit are distinctly indi-
vidual. We often recognize birds whose vocali-
zation is of surpassing excellence. We had
never been favored with more entrancing bird-
music than during the season in which the
mocking bird above spoken of visited us, and
among them all was one, we thought prominent
in ardor, and sweetness of tone, and in es((uisite
modulation.
As we have already said, for several days the
mucking bird, the glorious singer, had the stage
all to himself, his energetic and various melody
occujjying the air, as if our own sweet bird
choir had consented to be mere listeners. But
there came a morning that exceeded all in in-
terest. Two of the tallest trees not far from
the house are on either side of the lane. On
the topmost bough of one was the mocking
bird. On the other, the song thrush perched
at even height, not more than fifty feet away,
evidently to challenge for the supremacy he
had so long held, and that had so audaciously
been usurped by another. Never was rivalry
and ettbrt to excel more manifest. The mocking
bird did not change position, as his usage was,
nor did he introduce imitations of songs as
other birds, but with prudent husbandry of all
his resources seemed to concentrate every faculty
and endowment in a display of the utmost reach
of his native power of song — of his own song.
There was in the thrush's voice something of
gravity, a business like earnestness, a tone of
anxiety, and it was vibrant with emotion. It
was especially harmonious, even when it rose
to its highest pitch, and sometimes would fall
in cadence by gradations as imperceptible as
those of the closing light of day, while its lower
notes were sweet beyond all compare, bringing
to mind the " Prisoner of Chillon's" word, " The
sweetest song ear ever heard." But the stran-
ger's effort, confideut, clear, various and thrill-
ing, was a wild torrent of music, that overrode
and overwhelmed the sweet stream of melody of
the thrush, and he flew away and came back
no more.
Wilson, writing in 1808 of the great numbers
of mocking birds then throughout the South,
has this, " but on the second of March, in the
neighborhood of Savannah, numbers of them
are heard on every hand, vying in song with
each other, and with the brown thrush, making
whole woods vocal with their melody." The
pair of mocking birds near by nestled in a cedar
tree, but they were robbed of their young, four
in number. They reared another family of
four, and these shared the same sad fate. Soon
after this the parent birds disappeared, and I
have not seen or heard of any in a state of na-
ture in Burlington County, since. The young
birds taken from the nest were caged and sold,
but none that I traced were good singers— did
not inherit the parents" genius.
(To be continued.)
For "The Kbiend."
The time of year is now at hand, when many
are arranging to leave their business and domes-
tic duties for a few days or weeks, and stepping
out of the daily routine of life, are pre|)aring to
seek in the country or at the seaside, a change
of atmosphere and surroundings. To many,
who are closely engaged in life's duties through-
out the year, the summer outing Ls a pleasant
anticipation, meaning to them a relaxation from
the daily cares of life and a recuperation to
body and mind, that is certainly lawful and
often very expedient. But with these changed
conditions come other responsibilities, that we
must not overlook, and the concern of the writer
is, that those of us who have liberty and oppor-
tunity to indulge in change of scenery and as-
sociation may be found honestly endeavoring to
let our light so shine before men, that the honor
and glory may redound to Him whom we pro-
fess to serve. I apprehend that it is not diffi-
cult for some who are concerned to lead consis-
tant lives, to adopt the distinguishing peculiari-
ties of our beloved Society, when surrounded
by the strengthening influence of home training
and kindred spirits; but ofitimes when entirely
surrounded by strangers, who, we may be led to
believe, know nothing of our testimonies and
principles, and who, we may also think, would not
understand or a])preciate them, how the temiiter
dues come in and endeavor to persuade us that in
this instance at least a passive stand will answer,
that a clear and decided stand will be more
appropriate at some other time. How he will
try to induce us to frame our language in such
a way that while we do not openly violate our
testimony to plainness of speech, yet our con-
versation is such that it does not proclaim clear-
ly and unmistakably that we are Friends. How
he will lead us to believe (if we listen to his
persuasive reasoning) that this, or that distin-
guishing part of our dress may be laid aside
while amongst these strangers, for thev do not
know us, and cannot miss that to which they
have not been accustomed. How assiduously
he will work to make us believe that this or
that or some other testimony, however small,
is not necessary here, because it would probably
be misunderstood and our motives misjudged
thereby. Beloved Friends, if we listen to this
line of reasoning and yield compliance thereto,
are we not hiding the lighted candle as under
a bushel? are we not darkening the spiritual
eye and dimming its lustre? and "if the light
that is in us be darkness, how great is that dark-
ness." Let us "stand fast in the liberty where-
with Christ hath made us free, and be not again
entangled with the )'oke of bondage." Many
times when we have little reason to think so,
we are being closely watched by the critical
eye of the worldly-minded, who are scrutinizing
our every action to see if it comj)orts with the
profession we make, and if throngh unwatch-
fulne.ss or unfaithfulness, we are the cause of
tumbling any of these, how much greater is
our responsibility.
And if we desire a measure of respect and
esteem from those with whom we mingle, will
they not honor us far more, if we are conscien-
tiously concerned to openly profess and stand
by our convictions as to right or wrong, and
even should our associates disagree with our
views, will they not respect us the more for
courteously declining to participate in those
things which we cannot consistently endorse,
especially if we state our reasons for so declin-
ing? And will they not be apt to think lightly
of a religious profession, that will admit of
404
THE FRIEND.
Seventh Mo. 10, 189T ,
taking up or laying down as best suits our
convenience? So my dear Friends, and especi-
ally you of my own age, towards whom my
heart frequently goes out iu tender sympathy,
may it be our righteous concern to stand firmly
for our convictions, and not endeavor to shun
the cross, iu the vain hope that by so doing we
shall enjoy ourselves the more; but may we
oftener "that the returning day, seek that help
and power, which will enable us, both at home
and abroad, to live to his honor and glory;
that strength which will enable us to take up
the cross to our own wills and inclinations, and
which alone can bring us into true happiness.
May we remember that we are members of a
religious Society that lifts up a very high stand-
ard before the world, and that through an in-
consistency on our part as individuals, a shade
of discredit is frequently reflected on the collec-
tive body.
So, whilst we are endeavoring to build up
the body and the mind, enjoying the pleasure
of a vacation, let us not be unmindful of our
souls' needs, and if we feel an uneasiness or a
.secret doubt in regard to anything, which, in
the eyes of others may be entirely lawful, let
us be willing to give our conscience the advan-
tage of the doubt, believing that the Lord
knoweth the conflicts of each heart and that
for every sacrifice we lay on his altar. He will
repay us with an abundant measure of that
peace and satisfaction, which the world knows
nothing of, and which it can neither give nor
take away.
Wm. C. Cowpeethwaite,
IIaddonfield, N. J.
Sixth Month 25tli, 1897.
Letter from Switzerland.
Pres Neufchatel, 49 Corcelles.
Sixth Month 30th, 1897.
I have brought my writing tablet up into
the forest just above the village in order to
write to you. The " bise" or east wind is blow-
ing from across the lake, bringing with it fresh-
ness and clear weather as well as the delicious
odor of the pines. I have spread a shawl on
the green grass under the trees, below are the
vineyards interspersed with villages and then
comes the lake, both ends lost in the distance
with the Alps beyond. No sound reaches me
but the singing of the birds — the murmur of
the wind among the piue branches and the
occasional sound of some workmen iu the fields
around. Everything that one sees or hears
seems the very personification of peace, content-
ment and prosperity. The lake this morning
is a most exquisite light green blue, so restful
to the eye, and the mountains that I see oft' to
the right between the tree trunks, are dark and
pine covered. The Canton of Neufchatel be-
longed formerly to France— after the fall of
Napoleon it went over into the hands of the
Prussians, and finally the middle of the century
tiiey joined the Swiss republic. Even the
poore-st peasant speaks a correct French — there
is no "patois" here as among the peasants of
France. The accent of the youuger genera-
tions, who are all excellently educated, is not
very different from that of Paris, though one
hears a decided difterence among some of the
older people. At Geneva the accent is not
quite so good as here and elsewhere in Switzer-
land one hears for the most part a very decided
mixture of accent and languages, especially
among the common people. Wherever one
goes all public announcements are made in the
three languages — French, German and Italiau,
for instance on the postal cards one sees always
" Carte postale. Post karte, Cartolina postale,"
and in the cars the rules are printed in three
columns, side by side in the three languages.
At Berne all addresses are also given in French,
German and Italiau.
I find this part of Switzerland especially de-
lightful because it is out of the direct line of
travel and being less magnificent, attracts much
smaller throngs.
We find prices everywhere very reasonable,
much more so than at Geneva, especially when
it comes to little articles sold as souvenirs, the
wood-carvings, etc. Neufchatel is quite a little
city and has a beautiful old castle, that is the old
ramparts completely overgrown with ivy, are
fascinating, but the castle itself is now used for
" hotel de ville " or city hall. The city has
also beautiful promenades along the lake, and
no end of charming old streets and towers and
fountains that date many centuries back. The
other evening we walked over and back ; it
was too hot to go during the day so we waited
until after " gouter " (which is the name for the
light evening meal). It is a most beautiful
walk of about an hour, with lovely views and
quaint old walls along the road on every hand,
in fact these walls are quite a feature of the
laudscape. There are no fences but walls
everywhere separating the vineyards and on
either side of the roads or paths leading from
one place to another. They all seem already
to have stood for many centuries, and will cer-
tainly last many more. They are built as firm-
ly as the rocks themselves, and being covered
with lichens and ferns and little plants of vari-
ous kinds, are very artistic. There is one nar-
row path that descends very abruptly from
Cormandreche, the little village joining Cor-
celles (you must know the villages are scat-
tered over these mountain sides like flowers in
a meadow, where one comes to another "clocher"
the tower of a church having bells, one knows
oneself to be in another town), between high
walls that suddenly descend under the im-
mense gateway of an old chateau, and you find
yourself on emerging on the other side to be in
Auvernier, another delightful little village on
the border of the lake.
We are quite favored with means of trans-
portation here. The station at Corcelles is on
a line that ascends very rapidly, crossing the
Jura mountains and coming into France far to
the north of the eastern boundary of Switzer-
land. The station at Auvernier is a little farther
down the slope and there join the two main
lines coming into Neufchatel, the one direct
from Paris and the other from Lausanne and
Geneva. Besides this, at the foot of the moun-
tain, running along the boarder of the lake, is
another railroad which serves all the little vil-
lages on the peninsula that juts out into the
lake a little way below us. Then there is a
little steamboat that makes the tour of the lake.
Yesterday we visited a most beautiful water-
fall, " les chutes de la Doubs" (pronounced
doo), a little river forming part of the bound-
ary between France and Switzerland. We left
the little station Corcelles at half part eleven
in the morning, following the steep grade into
" le val du Ruz." The valley of which I spoke
once before as having twenty-two villages iu
it, then plunged into the mountains on the other
side of the valley and came out in about fif-
teen minutes at the Chauxde-fonds, a little city
where the greater part of the watches and
clocks sold in Switzerland are made. We had
to change cars a little farther on, taking then
a narrow gauge road to a village called Berrets,
high up on the mountain on the Swiss side of
the Doubs. Here we descended a winding road
leading to the board of the river, or rather
lake; for a distance of several miles there is a
deep wide basin enclosed by high rocky walls
where the water is placid as in a lake. We had
been told we were to take a boat here, but I
thought only of course of a conventional steam-
er ; imagine my delight when I found we were
to be taken in a quaint old row boat up to the
falls. We were five in company and the boat
large enough to hold ten or more was most
awkwardly made, at least not after the models
of those contrived for speed, but no matter, it
was all the better for that, and the old woman
who rowed us had muscle enough to take ua ;
comfortably along. Oh, it was beautiful as a '
dream! Again and again the walls seemed to
close in and we could see no possible way of
going farther, but soon the bend would show
itself, and there would be another moment of
doubt as to where the next turn would open up.
There were numerous fine echoes along the -.
river, and at one point our oarswoman rowed
us into a little cave, and I tapped with a stick of
wood upon the side of the boat, the dull sound
of which came back reverberated from the
rocky walls like the noise of a cannon. Of i
course we all tried our voices pitched at vari- ;
ous notes, but the dull sound of the wood pro-
duced the most startling effect. While we
were there the husband of our oarswoman came
up with another boat full of voyagers and he .
repeated with even better results than what
we had attempted in our boat. In a little over ,
a half hour our course was at an end, the walls .
narrowed in and the placid lake became a rag- .
ing torrent. We landed on the French side, i
and taking a narrow path were iu five minutes ;
standing five hundred feet above and directly ,
in front of the magnificent fall. There is a ^
vast body of water crowded into a narrow space, ,
and the fall is about seventy feet. The spray ■
mounted far above where we stood, falling like
a gentle rain about us, or rather a mist. The
sun illuminated the whole, forming a rainbow
in the gorge. Afterwards we descended to the
sides of the stream and sat upon a huge rock
projecting over the cataract just before it falls,
it is even more impressive from this point of !
view. Then we returned to our woman who '
still was waiting to receive us.
Afternoon. — At this point it occurred to me
to see what time it was. The morning had slip-
ped away so quickly that I was amazed to
fiud it five minutes of twelve. I hastily gath-
ered my things together and started rapidly ■
down the road, for in this mountain air one
never wishes to miss the mid-day meal, or in ;
fact a meal of any kind. As soon as this ira- .
portant daily task was finished M. and I started
up again, she to take a "sommeil" to the j
murmurs of the pines and I to finish my letter. '
The lake has now changed to an intense blue
and though there is not a cloud in the sky there ,
is a heavy haze along the horizon that entirely
hides the mountains except the tips of the
highest peaks that are entirely white and look
like bits of clouds motionless in the sky. But
I must return to my trip of yesterday. I was
going to say our womau rowed us to the Swiss
side and there we ordered " un diner de truites"
that is to say of trout. We spent the half
hour that would intervene before we could be
served, in following the path that leads to the
view of the falls from this side. We concluded
that this was the finest view of all. We came
Seventh Mo. 10, 181)7
THE FRIEND.
40-
)ack with " une faim tie loup," loup means wolf,
)ut that is the equivalent expression, and by
he way no more elegant but equally sugges-
ive, for our, " hungry as bears." The trout
sere delicious and we had an excellent salade
md " pnmmes de terre frites," (fried potatoes)
,0 all of which we did justice. It was served
or us on the border of the river under a canopy
brmed by trimming a certain kind of tree so
;hat the branches reach out in all directions
brming an excellent shelter.
When we were through we entered our boat
ind were rowed back to the foot of the moun-
ain which we were forced to climb before
•entailing the station. As we left the train at
^'oii(lles the moon was illuminating with a
;(>1(U n reflection, the beautiful lake, it was a
iiiiiiiiiiig walk up to the house, but the moun-
ain air had made us all very sleepy and glad
0 '■ mm in."
I .-et'in to be fated not to finish my letter up
n the mountains, as soon as I settled myself to
vrite after dinner and started to take up my
)en 1 discovered that the necessary article had
Iropped out on my way up — there was no help
or it I was forced to descend and borrow one
.t tlie house — after writing a little while I suc-
■eedcd in very adroitly turning over ray ink
veil, so that I concluded the best thing to do
vould be to follow M's example and " faire uu
ommeil " under the tree.
To-morrow we are going oti'on a long excur-
sion with a literary society from Corcelles.
fhe train leaves soon after six in the morning.
Ve are anticipating much pleasure from the
ong day in the mountains, and since we will
tear nothing but good French, it will also be
'ery jtrofitable. Nothing interests me so much
iS coming in contact with the people in what-
•ver place I am. The reason that I feel so
!)erfectly at home here is, that one sees abso-
lutely nothing depressing, no matter where one
»oes. There seems to be no real poverty any-
yhere in this part of Switzerland, and one sees
10 overworked women carrying heavy burdens
*n their backs, but though the life is simple the
;reatest comfort seems to reign. Every one in
he village owns their house and some land ;
■he education given at the public schools is ex-
rellent, and every child is forced to attend.
'\.8 a counterpart to this side of the picture
•here are almost no very wealthy people. We
lave three or four very charming old chateaux
till inhabited by the old nobility in the neigh-
mrhood, one of them has a charming park and
he family seem to keep themselves a little
part, but for the most part there is very slight
listinction of classes, less even than in America,
)ecause there is no wealthy class. One has all
orts of modern conveniences here in the way of
elegraph, telephone, etc. To have water served
u the houses is no ditficult matter as the moun-
ains form a perpetual reservoir. On all the
treet* in all the villages there are interesting
lid fountains with great stone basins where the
■rystal-clear water runs all the year. Just
ibove our house is a very large one, and every
evening all the cattle and horses of the village
ire driven there to be watered. A little far-
her down is another fountain with two large
tone basins and here one may see women at
ill hours of the day rinsing their clothes.
In all its aspects I am perfectly charmed
lith Corcelles and am only sorry that it is not
jossiljle to spend the entire summer here.
E. 8. K.
Look well to your motives.
A LITTLE •WHILE.
eousni'ss, lor they tliull be JiUcd."
Oh, for the peace which flowelh as a river,
Making life's desert places bloom and smile,
Oh, for a faith to grasp heaven's bright "forever,"
Amid the shadows of earth's " little while."
"A little while," for patient vigil keeping,
To face the storm, to wrestle with the s-trong ;
"A little while," to sow the seed with weeping,
Then bind the sheaves and sing thj liarvust song.
A little while to wear the robe of sadness.
To toil with weary step through erring ways;
Then to pour forth the fragrant oil of gladness,
And clasp the girdle of the robe of praise.
"A little while," 'mid i-hadow and illusion.
To strive by faith love's mysteries to spell ;
Then read each dark enigma's clear solution.
Then hail Light's verdict, Iledoethall things well.
"A little while," the earthen pitcher taking.
To wayside brook, from far-off' fountains fed ;
Then the parched lip, its thirtt forever slaking,
Beside the fulness of the Fountain Head.
'"A little while," to keep the oil from failing;
" A little while," faith's flickering lamp to trim.
And then the Bridegroom's coming footi-tep hailing,
To haste to meet Him with the bridal hymn.
And He who is at once both Gift and Giver,
The future Glory and the present smile,
With the bright promise of the glad " forever,"
Will light the shadows of the " little while."
Footwear in Relation to Catarrh.
" It is the special development of the great
toe that enables man to stand erect and balance
himself with greater ease. The farther the great
toe is spread from the little one the greater pres-
tige is given to the individual, because more
leverage is gained. The construction of the
pointed-toe shoe is calculated to destroy the
leverage of the foot, converging the little aud
the great toes to a point. In the natural foot
the great toe should continue in a straight line
from the heel.
" The insane vanity of the wearers of shoes,
combined with the ignorance of the shoemaker,
have caused to be made a style of shoes that
must result in great and lasting damage to our
race. The so-called elegant shoes have pro-
duced a painful picture of misery, inducing al-
teration and paralysis of the sniall muscles of
the foot, which has resulted in the loss of the pro-
per elastic step in the walk of many individuals.
Compression of the blood-vessels of the foot re-
tards the circulation and prevents the full devel-
opment of the bones and muscles of the foot, leg,
thigh, aud pelvis. The stalwart race of yore
is being rapidly transformed into a race of
spindleshanks since our people have become
slaves of fashion.
"Tight and ill-fitting shoes cause depression
of spirits, headaches, heartaches, fainting, gen-
eral fatigue, bad humor, aud loss of serenity."
"A radical reform in footwear is necessary
to secure well-shaped feet, and the nature of the
material of which the shoe is made is of the
highest hygienic importance. The proper shoe
has a broad, low heel and flexible upper and
and sole. Unyielding canvas lining in shoes
prevents the leather from stretching, and inter-
feres with the suppleness and elasticity of the
foot. I am glad to say that dealers have as-
sured me that the pointed-toe shoe is rapidly
being displaced by the round, full-toe shoe."
" Sleeplessness from cold feet leads to the use
of hot bricks aud hot iron to the feet at night,
while the cause of the insomnia, viz., compres-
sion of the blood-vessels of the feet by tight
shoes, bad litting stockings, and tight garters,
receives no alleutiun.
" Compression of the feet during cold weather
is a prolific source of frost- hi tea and chilblains.
Frost-bitea are scarcely seen among Arctic trav-
ellers and the Eskimo, because they wear rein-
deer stockings and sealskin hoots having a layer
of dried grass or straw in the bottom.
" Washing the feet freipicntly does not make
them tender, as many jjeojjle erroneously be-
lieve. It really ])romotes nutrition and the
general health, and prevents the formation of
corns, ingrowing toe-nails, ami callosities. Sir
Astley (Jooper, the father of surgery, who i)asscd
thirty years without contracting a cohl, attri-
liiitcd this immunity to the daily habit of bath-
ing his feet and entire body, not with warm but
cold water. The best time to bathe the feet is
just before going to bed. Water is the cheapest
and best deodorant for the feet. Even the most
delicate may perform the Dunkard act with
benefit and safety by first using warm water,
which may be gradually cooled by the addi-
tion of cold water. Ointments and lotions so
much in vogue for the preservation of the feet
need only be mentioned to be condemned. Pro-
per shoes and stockings and rigid cleanline.ss are
the safeguards.
" Unsuitable footwear is a menace to the pro-
per development of our race. It causes chilling
of the surface of the body in cold weather, and
the excretory function of the skin is stopped.
H\tra work is thrown upon the mucous mem-
brane of the upper respiratory passages, causing
Congestion aud infiltration of it. Xo wonder
about eighty per cent of the American peojile
are afflicted with catarrh, our national disease !"
" Constant chilling of the feet and the surface
of the boily facilitates the formation of an excess
of uric and lactic acid in the blood, inducing
the rheumati<; and other diseases. . . . Wet
feet have been the initial step in the causation
of more sickness and deaths than any other
agent known to us. The old adage, " Keep the
feet warm and the head cool," is the great safe-
guard of health. Thorough bathing and brisk
rubbing of the skin from one to several times a
week are essential for the prevention and cure
of catarrh. In many cases under my observa-
tion, even after the footwear has been properly
reformed, it requires a long course of treatment
consisting of local applications, sprays, cauteri-
zation, and operative measures to cure catarrh."
— -J. B. McC<i.<sy in (he I'u<se Gymnagin Journal.
Reminiscences.
Jamb A/berlmii'g Becolledions of a Vml Paid
by William Flnnner at Plymouth.
At our meeting that day, William sat in sol-
emn silence, but evidently under much exercise
of mind from eleven o'clock till nearly one,
when he arose, with his hat in his hand, say-
ing, " I do not like to preach for nothing, and
when I do preach, I expect to be paid for it.
I have felt the prevalence in this meeting of a
spirit hard to be reached, and I would much
rather undertake to cut down one of the loftiest
cedars of Lebanon, or one of the sturdiest oaks
of Bashan than to contend with this lofty and
self-righteous spirit." Then he sat down, soon
after which the meeting broke up. I remarked
that one of our neighbors, who was not a Friend,
put his hand into his pocket, with a frightened
look, as if to see whether he had any money with
him, when William said he expected to be paid
for his preaching, evidently not understanding
what was the nature of the pay of which Wil-
liam spoke. William dined that day at my
406
THE FRIEND.
Seventh Mo. 10, 1897
father's, and, as there were quite a number of
Friends present, he chiimed their sympathy and
asked their advice, saying his way appeared to
be closed up. To the first many of them freely
responded, but none appeared willing to otier
any other advice than this, " That it would be
safest to lie by till more light was vouchsafed."
William said, " If I must lie by, I would pre-
fer returning to Philadelphia for that purpose."
And I, continued Jacob, was directed to bring
out the Friends' horses. But when I returned
to the house, I found Friends sitting in solemn
silence, which William soon broke by asking if
there was not a meeting of Friends within ten
or twelve miles, in that direction, pointing to-
ward Providence, which was one of the branches
of our Monthly Meeting of Gwynedd. He was
told there was. "Then," said he, that is the
place to which I must now go." John Jacobs
and Father Livezey accompanied him.
Some time after I heard the former give an
account of that meeting at Providence, in which
William was again much shut up for a time, but
at length arose, saying, " Friends, there is a spirit
among you which has the eye of an eagle, and
which strikes with the beak of a hawk, and you
are disposed to carry your neighbor's feults in
the fore-end of your wallets, while you are very
carefulto stow away 3'our own in the hinderend."
He then went on in such a powerful testimony
on the subject of self-righteousness as to bow the
hearts of the people in a very remarkable man-
ner, and John said, " I never shed more tears
in any meeting in my life than I did in that
one."
At Richland, William found his way again
closed up, but, after a time of secret conflict, he
pointed in a certain direction, and asked whether
there was not a family of Friends living that
way, and when he was queried of how far he
supposed it to be, he said about five or six miles.
One of the Friends said there was a family of
members who lived at about that distance, and
he supposed it was in that direction, but as they
had to make several turns in getting there, he
could not be certain of the course it lay from
them. This Friend took William to the place,
and said afterward that, at every turn of the
road, he wouhl ask William which way they
should go, and that he invariably chose the
right one, to his guide's great admiration.
William was made instrumental here in bring-
ing up the woman Friend of the house out of the
very pit of despondency, in which she had been
so long immured that she had not been at a
meeting for several years. This woman soon
after came forth in the ministry, to the satis-
faction of Friends, " and I," said Jacob, " re-
member hearing her in testimony not long af-
ter."
This account was given by J. A to my
father at Yearly Meeting time, 1854.
David Copes Account of His First Seeing James
iSimpson.
When David was young he attended West-
ern Quarter on a certain occasion, and sat in
the l)ack part of the meeting. At the head of
the gallery he saw a very tall man, having a
strange appearance, with a black cap on his
head, and other peculiarities which arrested
r)avi<i's attention. Sometimes he would put his
head between his knees, then straighten up and
look keenly all around. After a long lime Da-
vid distinctly heard him say, "' Time is passing,
and nothing doing ;" soon after which a woman
arose and spoke for a time. " She did not say
niucli," ((Uijtli David, " i)ut what she did say
was very good." After she sat down, the tall
man arose and taught by sirailies. He spoke of
the various parts of a watch. Though all might
be rightly put together, except the mainspring,
were this wanting, the whole would be useless.
He then commented on this. Then the different
parts of a ship were brought into view. "More
than I knew anything about," said the honest
narrator. " If all these were perfect, if there
was no compass, the vessel would not arrive at
the desired ha»en, and even had they a compass,
and could not see the sun to take an observa-
tion, they could not steer rightly." He com-
mented on this. The farmer was then treated
of. " He might prepare the ground and sow the
seed. It might grow nicely, but, if there were
no fence, it would be trodden down. Were there
a fence, and the grain ripened and was even
threshed, if the chafl' was not separated from the
wheat the miller would not grind it, and so there
would be no bread." This also was commented
on. " I wondered," said David, who it could be,
for I never heard a Friend preach so before.
But I had to conclude, whoever he was, he spoke
the truth and it came with authority. I never
heard such a sermon."
On one occasion James had been unusually
long in one of his low spots, so much so as not
to have been at meeting for a long time. Ezra
Comfort, visiting him, found him below hope.
Ezra spoke very seriously on the occasion. At
perhaps the next meeting James was much en-
larged in testimony, and told Ezra that, after he
had gone, he set to lighting a candle and sweep-
ing his house, till he found the lost piece of sil-
ver, and then had to call his friends and his
neighbors to come and rejoice with him.
On one occasion, while travelling in Virginia,
James, upon entering a town, found his mind
drawn to hold a meeting with the people whom
he found thronging out from the court-house,
and so he inquired of some of them whether they
were willing to give him an opportunity, to which
they agreed, when some one among them re-
marked that a man had held a meeting there
lately, but that, " as we did not like what he
said to us, we dragged him through the mill-
race." This announcement greatly alarmed
James, who was constitutionally timid. Yet,
feeling he must have the meeting, and being
desirous to secure himself from harm as much
as might be, he asked if they would drag him
through the mill-race if they did not like what
he should say. " No ; you are a gentleman. We
won't drag you through the mill-race." But,
wishing to provide against all contingencies, he
further queried, " If I should have a meeting,
and not say anything at all, will you drag me
through the mill-race then ?" They assured him
they would not, and so the meeting was ap-
pointed, and, to James' great relief, in a part of
the town remote from the dreaded mill-race.
James was much favored among them, speaking
against slavery and other matters trying to their
natural feelings, yet there was no disposition to
harm him. On the contrary, they crowded about
him, desiring to have more such meetings. Now,
although my friend T. H. W may judge
that such exhibitions of natural weakness as
James at times manifested had better fall into
oblivion, yet, with all deference to his judgment,
they appear to me only the more to exhibit the
pjwer of that grace whereby he was what he
Filled by his Master, wondroiisly lie shone,
His emptied vessel scarce could stiind alone.
AVlien favored most, left in the weakest spot,
Showing his fullness of himself was not.
As to what T. H. W says of manifesta-
tions that " the treasure is in an earthen vessel,"
being likely to raise doubts in the minds of
hearers concerning other communications, I
reminded of what a Friend, long since deceas
and who was a member of the same meeting aa'
James, told me regarding this very point. She
said that a young man, being S3nt to his house
on a matter of business, was so tried with James'
behavior that, coming back, he said, " Well, it
is no use for James to preach to me any more,'
detailing what had occurred. But he was forced
to confess the next time James spoke, " that it
was just as good as ever."
The importance of a suitable connexion in
marriage is illustrated in an account given me
by an old woman in Ohio concerning her
ter. As the family history is interesting, I will
begin by saying that her father — an English
boy— was apprenticed to a shoemaker, a mem-
ber, though an unworthy one. He was unmar-
ried and had no housekeeper, and was so
rious as to allow his boys little more than enough'
food to support life. The lad was so conscien-
tious that, although suffering the continual pangs
of hunger, and knowing where there was foo<]
within his reach, he never, she said, at any time
took anything by stealth. The master also re-
quired them to work in a room so cold thai
drawing the waxed ends caused their hands tc
crack open, thus causing great pain. Theii
clothing, doubtless, was scant also, but there
being a lime-kiln near by, they used to ruE
down there and get a good warming before thej
crawled into their beds. After a while the man
having obtained the services of a hous
she would give the boys something
meals. When he had a family growing uj
around him, her father came to America,
settled near Nine Partners, N. Y., where lived
that great minister, Daniel Havilaud, who tool
much interest in the family, telling them pro
phetically that way would be made for them tc
live comfortably. On the evening of their ar
rival at their new home, my friend said, a boj
came driving a cow and carrying a bucket t(
milk her in, and telling them never to ask anj
questions as to where they came from.
On their being about to move to Ohio, D
H came to visit them, and speaking par
ticularly to a daughter, Jane, told her that shi
would have many suitors in this new countrj
she was going to, and that, if she was careful t(
seek her right direction in the matter, she mighi
be joined to one who would not only make he)'
happy in this life, but be a means toward ran
dering her glorious in that which was to come
Jane was a talented girl. I have seen a dai
plicate of a map she drew for E. Robson, whei'
on a religious visit to this country, locating all
the meetings within the limits of Ohio Yearh
Meeting. It is sorrowful to consider how fesi
there are now, in comparison to the nurabe
then. As a specimen of off-hand drawing I hav^
never seen this map equalled. Her sister sal*
that among those who visited Jane was one 1
they all thought D. H.'s communication point©
to, and who subsequently was Clerk of Ohi
Yearly Meeting. But he did not please he
fancy. She married one who led her an uncoai
fortable, wandering life, and was far from bein
a help toward anything good. As a widow sh
lived and died with her sister, near ray res
dence, and as I give no name, perhaps it is n
breach of charity to say, that on her death-bei
there was no apparent sign of religious though
fulness. As our worthy Friend, T. Shillitot
used to say.
th Mo.
1897
THE FRIEND.
107
By other's harms may I be warned.
( »iir late friend, C. Slieppard, gave me a strik-
i)g iiKident occurricg in Maine. A ministering
"iilirI bad appointed a public meeting, and
udL't'd at the bouse of a person of much influ-
lu f in the community, it being at a time when
iiiK h excitement prevailed in regard to the
S( lit beast boundary question between England
mil America. Her host said to her, " Madam,
Wduld like you to let me look over the sermon
uu have prepared for to-morrow, that I may
trike out any passages calculated to foster this
•xcitenient. She informing him that she had
10 K'lniou prepared, " Well, then," said be, " I
vill take my seat opposite to you, and if I find
•our remarks tending that way, I will make a
lign, and you must immedialely change your
li^K-urse." As they were about to go to the
meting, he said, " One thing more. We dine at
welve o'clock, and, as I am a very punctual
nail, you must close in time for us to get home
jy that hour. He took his seat, as he had pro-
posed, but gave no sign of uneasiness. The
jiieeting also held till long after the hour named,
and when some one made a remark to him about
lis late dinner, "Oh," he said, "I would not
jave cared whether I got any dinner at all, if
(he only would have kept on preaching."
For "The Friend."
Canada Yearly Meeting.
I, Canada Yearly Meeting convened on the
;ighteenth of Sixth Mo. last. The Meeting of
^Ministers and Elders, and the Representative
Meeting, being held the previous day. The
former was a favored meeting, being baptized
^nto a spirit of prayer and supplication for con-
tinued blessings, and wisdom to know, and
itrength to follow the guidance of the Shep-
herd of Israel. We walked together in a uni-
l-on of a travail of spirit, whilst the Interpreter
jjf the Divine will, unfolded some of the mys-
;eries of the kingdom for our contemplation.
; On Sixth-day the general meeting ol Friends
3omnieuced by a period devoted to worship,
when in a silent, solemn assembly, we were per-
iinitted as brethren to gather at the Master's
;:able, and partake of the bread that conietli
lown from heaven. The places of some dear
aged pilgrims, who had long been wont to sit
with us, we now find vacant, for their Lord
whom they so faithfully served, has, we believe,
recently called thtm to sit higher with Him.
riieir memory yet in fragrance, remains to us,
and the echo of their language still resounds in
our ears, " follow us, as we follow Christ." We
were cheered by the presence of beloved sisters,
and a brother from Philadelphia Yearly Meet-
ting, and a young Friend from New England.
One of the former, acceptably exercised her
gift in the ministry on various occasions to our
comfort and instruction.
We received epistles from all the other Year-
ly Meetings in correspondence with us, also one
from Philadelphia Yearly Meeting, addressed
"to Friends in general," with two others from
beloved Friends who felt constrained in the
love of Christ to address us. These were all
read, and proved very acceptable, and to our
edification.
John Morland, one of the Assistant Clerks
to London Yearly Meeting, kindly acknowl-
edged our last year's epistle to that meeting,
in reply to theirs, stating that it had been re-
ceived and read amongst them, but from other
sources we learned, that no further action was
taken in the matter. It is devoutly to be hoped
that London Yearly Meeting may see for her-
self in the light of Truth, in what an anomalous
position she has placed liorself, by her line of
action with regard to other Yearly Meetings,
and, that she may, by obedience to the point-
ings of Divine grace, receive wisdom to attain
to a more honorable position in Israel ; for
many of us are fully persuaded, did she know,
as we do, the iufiated character of many of the
reports received i)y her, and the feeble claim
which many of her sister meetings have at all
to be called " Friends," she would more seri-
ously consider her stepping stones, and jwnder
her position. The travail of our soul went forth
on her behalf, that He who planted her a choice
vine, may yet be pleased to anoint her eyes
that she may see her misstejipings, and turn
from those who have led her astray, and that
He may call both sons and daughters from
among her children, and fill them with the
power of his sjiirit, that they may uphold the
banner of Truth in her midst; and may the
dew of her youth yet return, and sweet incense
be offered on pure altars.
Our meetings for Divine worship held on
First-day, were largely attended by the public,
and were both held in fitting solemnity. That
on First-day evening was unusually large. There
was apparent an openness to receive the Truth,
and close attention was given to the Word
spoken.
In considering the answers to the Queries,
among the deficiencies noticed was that of some
of our members not attending all our meetings
for worship and discipline. It was remarked
that "if we are truly members of the church,
which is Christ's body, we have the life of the
body, which is his spirit, and if we so live we
shall have a hunger and thirst after spiritual
food and drink, that we may partake and grow
in the Truth. Where then could we better come
to satisfy our hunger, than where the Lord by
his promise, is there, to spread a table of good
things, wherever the two or the three are met
together in his name. When the poor and
needy seek water, and there is none, and their
tongue faileth fi)r thirst, I, the Lord, will hear
them, I, the God of Israel, will not forsake
them. I will open rivers in high places, and
fountains in the midst of the valleys. I will
make the wilderness a pool of water, and the
dry land, springs of water." (Is. xli : 17-18.)
And truly God was faithful to his promise, and,
satisfied our poor with bread, and slaked the
thirsty soul. Nor do I ever remember attend-
ing a like gathering where all things were con-
ducted in sweeter harmony, or where less was
spoken out of the life, abundantly evidencing
to us that the Great Head of the Church is still
mindful to bless us, and to baptize us into the
unity of the Spirit, which is the bond of Christ's
peace, the seal of brotherhood in Him.
Friends' hearts were opened toward each
other, which they proved by their liberality in
subscribing privately amongst themselves the
greater part of tlie remaining debt incurred by
their consent to liquidate a quit-deed-claim on
the Meeting-house; and this they did, not but
that they felt assured their just claim could not
be contested in law, but for peace' sake. For
in faith and in doctrine we stand where we long
had stood, where our fathers stood, and where
we believe our early Friends stood and that,
with the Truth. For we are not of those who are
given to change. We deeply feel our needs and
our nothingness, but by iaiih we have proved
the grace and exceeding bounty of our Lord,
toward us, all unworthy as we are, of the least
of his many unmerited favors.
And we have been led to believe and by
faith we.-ee that if in this our day, when through
worldly pr(;s[>erity temptations uijound, when
the world is so intent in the pursuit of pleas-
ures, and a hasting to be rich, and when they
frame a religion to ^uit their carnal inclina-
tions, that if there be found amongst those who
are the called of God, individual faithfulne.«s,
like to that of Abraham, who, acting in obedi-
ence to that call, withdrew from tlie spirit ami
manners of the world around him, then would
there be an arising of Truth in its power and a
gathering together around the stan<lard of Truth,
for such must needs be, ere the kingiloms of
this world become that of Go<l, and of his Christ.
Zion's walls must be rebuilt, not by man acting
in his own will, neither by might nor by the
power or wisdom of man, but by the power ofr'
the spirit of the I-iOrd. And it is only as Zion's
children become willing to submit to Christ's
yoke on their own will and way, that they will
be fitted to become soldiers of the cross, going
forth to victory, led by, and in the power of,
the Lamb.
Canada Friemls concluded this interesting
occasion, by a meeting for worship on Third-
day, Sixth Month 22nd, known as Jubilee
day, in commemoraliun of the Sixtieth An-
niversary of Queen Victoria's Coronation ; and
the difference was very marked between those
who, by idle prmip and folly, demonstrated their
joy, and that of Friends quietly adoring Him
by whom "Kings reign and Princes decree jus-
tice," for obedience to his law, is that right-
eousness which exalteth a nation, and draws
down a blessing on both prince and people.
His canopy over us had been from sitting to
sitting, one of love, and we separated in the
same love, the fruit of Christ's spirit in us, that
which is the badge of true discipleship, and the
substance of our fellowship.
A C.VXAD.V FrikM).
THE FRIEND.
.SKVKNTII MONTH lo, l.S'.iT.
We have received a pamphlet, written by
George D. Dowkontt, M. D., describing the low
state of medical knowledge and practice in many
heathen countries, and the unnecessary suffler-
ings of humanity arising from this condition ;
and urging the need of increasing the number
of medical missionaries. It states that in Africa
sickness and disease are almost universally at-
tributed by the natives to witchcraft, and this
belief necessarily prevents the use of rational
means for healing them ; and leads to the mur-
der of many innocent persons, accused of be-
witching others. A similar superstition pre-
vails among the Indians on the northwest coast
of America.
The pamphlet describes many cases of suffer-
ing in various parts of the heathen world, aris-
ing from the general ignorance of proper medi-
cal and surgical treatment. Its object is to
awaken attention to the importance of sending
out persons properly trained to act as medical
missionaries in the dark parts of the earth.
We have received a circular of the Phila-
delphia African League, an association organ-
ized to promote the welfare of Africa, and es-
pecially to endeavor to counteract some of the
evils of slavery. Its proposed plan of action is
to acquire a bodj- of fertile lands by concessions
from European countries, and by purchase from
the natives, and establish there Christian set-
408
THE FRIEND.
Seventh,Mo. 10, 189;
tlements from which slavery and other evils are
to be excluded. The company has selected for
a field of operations the high table lahd in the
interior of Southern Africa, lying between Ben-
guela and Lake Nyassa. The circular states
that the League is fitting out a party which is
to start for Africa about the first of Seventh
Month. It asks for help from the public, and
requests that contributions should be sent to its
treasurer, Thomas L.James (ex-Postmaster Gen-
eral, at the United Charities Building, Twenty-
second Street and Fourth Avenue, New York.)
SUMMARY OF EVENTS.
DxiTED States. — The monthly comparative state-
ment of the Government receipts and expenditures
shows that during the Sixth Month the receipts from
all sources amounted to $3G,.5S4,708, and ihe expendi-
tures, $22,934,694, leaving a surplus for the month of
$13,650,014. The monthly statement of the public
debt shows that at the close of business, Sixth Month
30th, the debt, less cash in the Treasury, amounted to
$986,0.56,080, a decrease f.ir the month of $10,027,966,
which is accounted for by a corresponding increase in
the amount of cash on hand.
The retaliatory clause in the Tariflf bill adopted by
the United States Senate provides that whenever any
country bestows an export bounty on any article, then
upon the importation of such article into the United
States there shall be levied in addition to the duties
provided by the act an additional duly equal to the
amount of the bounty. The reciprocity clause adopted
empowers the President, with the advice and consent
of the Senate, to make reciprocity treaties, giving 20
per cent, reduction in duties on designated articles, or
placing articles on the free list.
The Treasury Department has issued 493 warrants,
representing $1,08.5,156, in payment of the bounty on
sugar produced in the United States for the year 1894,
for which appropriation was made during the present
session of Congress.
According to Post-office Department estimates, this
country will use next year of ordinary stamps 3,444,-
167,000, of newspaper and periodical stamps 6,462,000,
and of postage duestamps21, 168,000. Of the ordinary
stamps two and one-half billions are of the 2-cent de-
nomination and 5,000,000 are of the 10-cent special
delivery series.
The Allen Line steamer Siberian, Captain Main,
which arrived in New York on the 4th instant from
Glasgow and Liverpool by way of St. John's, N. F.,
and Halifax, passed twenty big icebergs when she was
180 miles from St. John's. The temperature was very
low when the vessel was at the latter place.
Prof. C. H. Hitchcock, of Dartmouth, who will ac-
company Peary in his coming expedition, will make a
thorough study of the geology of Greenland.
A despatch of Sixth Month 30ih, from Columbus,
Ohio, says: "The Democratic State Convention here
to-day was one of the most memorable political occa-
sions in the history of Ohio. It was a convention of
unanimity on principles and of difTerences on men, es-
pecially on those who were candidates for places on
the State ticket. In llie contests f(jr favorites it was
also a convention of endurance, as the delegates took
no recess, and were in session continuously from 10
A. M. to almost that hour at night. It was a free silver
convention throughout. Every candidate whose name
was presented was announced as orthodox in silver
doctrine as the cardinal principle for his favorable
con.sideralion. While there were some differences of
opinion about adopting the anti-trust and the Cuban
resolutions, there wa-s not a dissenting voice in the
convention to the declaration for the free and unlim-
ited coinage of silver at the ratio of 16 to 1, without
the co-operation of any other nation."
Ex-President Harrison has written a letter com-
mending the movement to keep liquor saloons out of
the resident portion of Indianapolis.
J'rosecutions are expected to begin soon under the
new Massschusetts law which forbids the wearing of
the body or feathers of any undomesticated bird.
Every offender will be fined $10 and the prosecuting
witness will be paid a reward of $5.
Over fourteen thousand crates of strawberries have
been shipped from Vineland, N. J., to the New York
and New Eugland markets during six weeks, the crop
this season being the largest known in this section for
years. It is estimated that the crop has paid the
farmer on an average $1 perorate, clear of picking
and transportation charges.
The Atlantic City (Reading Railway), is running a
60-minute schedule (50 minutes from Camden), or 55.]
miles (exclusive of ferriage), in 50 minutes — said to
be the fastest schedule, for the distance, in the world.
The circular Epistle from Philadelphia Yearly
Meeting has been read and minuted in New England
Yearly Meeting of Friends, held at Westerly, R. I.
A courteous acknowledgment was ordered to be sent
to our Yearly Meeting.
Deaths in this city last week were 491, being 63
more than the previous week, and 31 less than the cor-
responding week of last year. Of the foregoing, 2.56
were males and 235 females— 146 were under one year
of age : 58 died of cholera infantum ; 40 of consump-
tion ; 39 of pneumonia ; 32 of heart disease ; 25 of diph-
theria ; 23 of convulsions ; 20 of inflammation of the
stomach and bowels; 20 of marasmus ; 18 of old age;
17 of inflammation of the brain ; 12 of cancer; 12 of
inanition ; 11 of nephritis; 11 of apoplexy; 9 of pa-
ralysis ; 9 of bronchitis, and 9 from casualties.
Markets, <fec.— U. S. 2's, 96J a 98; 4's, reg., IIU a
112; coupon, 112 a 112i; new 4's, 125 a 125.5; 5's,
114} a 115; currency 6's, 101 J a 104i.
Cotton w.is quiet and nominally quoted at SJc. per
pound for middling uplands.
Feed.— Spot bran, $10.00 a $11.00 per ton for win-
ter in bulk, and $10.00 a $10.50 for spring in sacks.
Flour. — Winter super, $2.75 a $2.90; do., extras,
$3.00 a $3.25 ; Pennsylvania roller, clear, $3.75 a $3.90;
do., do., straight. $3.90 a $4.00 ; Western winter, clear,
$3,75 a $3.90; do., do., straight, $3.95 a $4.10; do.,
do., patent, $4.20 a $4.40 ; spring, clear, $3.50 a $3.75 ;
do., straight, $3.80 a $4.00 ; do., patent, $4.00 a $4.15 ;
do., favorite brands, higher. City mills, extra, $3.10
a $3.40; do., clear, $4.00 a $4.15; do., straight, $4.15
a $4.25 ; do., patent, $4.25 a $4.50. Rye Flour.—
$2.25 a $2.35 per bbl. as to quality.
Beef Cattle. — Extra, 5 a 5|c.; good, 4| a 4Jc.;
medium, 4J a 4|c.; common, 4} a 4|c.
Sheep AND Lambs. — Extra, 4} a 4|c.; good, 3J a 4c.;
medium, 3} a 3jc.; common, 2 a 3c.; fall lambs, none
here; spring lambs, 4i a 6.}c.
HoQS.— Western, 5| a 5f c; State, 4J a 5c.
Foreign. — Twenty years ago England had 11,616
male and 14,901 female school teachers. Last year
there were 66,310 female and only 26,270 male teachers.
At Barcelona, Spain, on the 2d inst., the sea rose
and fell a yard every ten minutes for several hours.
The same phenomenon occurred at the time of the
earthquake which destroyed Krakatoa, a volcanic is-
land in the Straits of Sunda, in 1883.
A despatch to the Standard from Berlin says that a
terrific storm raged from Fourth-day night until Sixth-
day, the 1st inst., throughout South Germany. Hail-
stones as large as hens' eggs fell and everything was
beaten to the ground. Crops, vines and trees and
whole orchards were destroyed ; thousands of hares
and partridges, with other game, were killed and great
damage was done to property and to roofs. The losses
are estimated at many millions of marks.
For the first time in history a general census has
been taken of the population of the Russian Empire,
which is shown to number 129,211,113, of which total
64,616,280 are males and 64,594,833 females. United
States Consul General Karal at St. Petersburg, who
transmits the figures to our State Department, says
they show that in forty-five years the population of
Russia has doubled, and during the last twelve years
it has increased 20 per cent. To take this census the
Russian Government employed an army of 150,000
persons, and its completion in three months is regard-
ed as a great achievement in view of the vast expanse
of territory to be covered and the illiteracy of the
population.
A despatch to the London Daily Mail from Bralla,
the principal port of Ronmania, says that 20,000 in-
habitants of Galalz, in Moldavia, on the left bank of
the Danube, between the confluences of the Zerth and
the Pruih with that river, are homeless, as a result
of the recent floods. Most of them are destitute also
and camping in Ihe streets, where they are fed by Ihe
military. The Roumanian gunboats are busy rescu-
ing families slill in danger. It is estimated that no
fewer than 100 persons have been drowned, though
the authorities are reticent on the subject, from fear
of censure for their failure to adopt precautions earlier
which might have mitigated the disaster.
^ There was a battle on the 20th inst., between 400
Greek raiders and detachment of Ottoman troops near
Met.sovo. The Greeks had 120 killed and 80 were
taken prisoners.
The Vienna correspondent of the Dally Ckronide
says :
" Emperor Nicholas has again written to the Sultan
urging him to accelerate the peace negotiations bj
renouncing demands with whicli it is iuipossible for
Greece to comply. As a result of this letter the Sul.
tan has virtually accepted the terms of the Powers,
leaving only details to be settled.
The steamer Aden, from Yokohama for London, in
search of which the Indian Government steamer
Mayo left Aden a few days ago, was totally lost oil
the Island of Socotra on Sixth Month 9th. The Mayo
rescued 9 of the Aden's passenger and 36 of the crew,
but 25 passengers and 63 of the crew were drowned or
missing.
It is stated that from 600 to 1000 persons were kill-
ed during the recent riots in the vicinity of Calcutta.
The British flag has been hoisted on Russell, Bel-
lona and Stuart Islands, belonging to the Solomon i
group.
An exchange says that "almost within the Arctic
Circle, in the north latitude 65 to 70 degrees, Iceland,
with its population of 70,000, is warmed on the west
coast by the Gulf Stream, and can raise fair hay
crops and sparse root crops. About 65 per cent, of
the population are occupied in rearing sheep and cat-
tle, which are largely consumed at home, the first-
named exported in moderate numbers to British ports.
Sheep are not shorn, but in early summer the fleeces
loosen on the animal, and the loose wool is easily de-
tached ; most of the surplus goes to England."
NOTICES.
Barclay Home. — The Managers inform that there
are now vacant in " The Barclay Home," two large
rooms, where Friends desiring either permanent or
transient board can be comfortably accommodated at
reasonable rates. The house is .situated in a pleasant
part of the borough and with its commodious porches
and ample grounds is a desirable residence.
Those wishing to avail themselves of its privileges
will please make early application to
The Barclay Home, 326 N. Walnut St.,
West Chester, Pa.
Westtown Boarding School. — For convenience
of persons coming to Westtown School, the stage will
meet trains leaving Philadelphia 7.17 and 8.46 A. M.,
and 2.53 and 4.32 p. M. Other trains are met when
requested. Stage fare on regular trips, fifteen cents,
on special trips, twenty-five cents each way. To reach
the school by telegraph, wire West Chester Phone 85.
Edward G. Smedley', Sup't.
Westtown Boarding School. — Applications for
the admission of pupils to the school, and letters in
regard to instruction and discipline should be ad-
dressed to William F. Wickbrsham, Principal.
Payments on account of board and tuition, and
communications in regard to business should be for-
warded to Edward G. Smedley, Superinlendenl.
Address, Westtown P. O., Chester Co., Pa.
Persons desiring to assist in the erection of the
proposed asylum for the insane in Syria, may send
their contributions to Asa S. Wing,
409 Chestnut St., Phila.
Friends Select School will re-open Ninth Mo.
20th. For printed circular or other information, ad-
dress J. Henry Bartlett, Sup'l,
140 N. Sixteenth Street.
Died, at his residence in Media on the nineteenth
of Third Month, 1897, George R. McCluen, in the
eighty-sixth year of his age ; a member of Media Par-
ticular and Chester Monthly Meeting, Pa. He joined
the Society of Friends in early manhood from a firm
belief in its doctrines and testimonies. He expressed
himself as relying wholly upon Christ for salvation,
repeating the words, " I am the resurrection and the
life."
, Fifth Month 17th, 1897, at his home near
Pojilar Ridge, Cayuga County, New York. Gilbert
Weaver, aged seventy-six. This dear Friend was
justly esteemed from early life to old age for his faith-
ful adherence to the principles and practices of our
Society. He had a gift in the ministry, not in many
words, but truly acceptable to his friends. We feel
rather to rejoice on his account that he was spared
further siiflTering, believing the language to be appli-
cable, " Blessed are the dead which die in the Lord
from henceforth ; yea, sailh the Spirit, that they may
rest from their labors ; and their works do follow
them."
THE FRIEND.
A Religious and Literary Journal.
VOL. LXX.
SE\'^NTH-DAY, SEVENTH MONTH 17, 1^97.
No. 52
PUBLISHED WEEKLY.
Price, if paid in advance, $2.00 per annum.
Subscriptions, payments and business communications
received by
Edwin P. Sellew, Publisher,
No. 207 Walndt Place,
(South from Walnut Street, between Third and Fourth,)
PHILADELPHIA.
Articles designed for insei-iion to be addressed to
JOSEPH WALTON,
MOORESTOWN, BlTBLINGTON CO., N. J.
Bniered as second-class matter at Philadelphia P. O.
Richard Bsterbrook.
{Continued from page 402.)
Camden, Third Moatli 2nd, 1891.
I In remarking on an essay submitted to R. E's
ixamination, he says, "The writer has left his
j«say somewhat defective. I think it does not
Hescribe the course of religious experience as it
(S only to be known — which might have been
iJone in half the number of words, and the doc-
trine of redemption through and by Christ more
jatist'actorily set forth. In this long essay it
iocH not seem to me to be fully set forth. It is too
imuch as if these great mysteries were to be
known intellectually, whereas they are unfolded
S,nd opened from time to time, not to the wise
and prudent, but to the true born children of
Dur Heavenly Father, who are begotten by Him
! — for which it is declared the Holy Redeemer
himself rejoiced in spirit, and said, ' I thank
thee, O, Father, Lord of heaven and earth.'
This latter view needs to be insisted upon, more
*han all the rest of it, if I have any correct
iviews of the need of our times."
! " Camden, N. J., Third Month 9th, 1891.
" By recent report from London Grove I
ilearn that our beloved friend — I may say in
truth, my beloved friend, Morris Cope, appears
to be declining. Didst thou hear that lately
Debbie being about to leave the house to attend
a funeral, he looked at her and said, ' Give my
love to all the Friends and tell them I am here,
■safe in the arms of Best Wisdom.' It was very
much like him in the form of expression, and
;to my taste was very sweet and precious."
[This letter refers to an editorial prepared in
response to some inquiries as to the underlying
causes of the separation of 1827].
} " Camden, Tenth Month 29th, 1891.
I " It is difficult to imagine how any subject of
that kind could be introduced more guardedly
and carefully to avoid offence, and I do not
think the editorial will hurt any right or fair
minded Hicksite. I have thought it might be
useful for some of them who may read it to have
the cause — the ' underlying cause,' presented to
them in that way, to see as in a glass what man-
ner of men they are in a sense."
" Camden, Twelfth Month 21st, 1S91.
I "I think Yearly Meetings under a proper
concern may issue advices, and here their au-
thority ends on such questions.
"I would not give one farthing for any tem-
perance, or any honesty, or any cha.stity that
rested upon such a foundation as the mere fear
of lieing detected. I have gone over this ground
till I am tired, again and again, for I cannot
bear to see the plainest principles of church gov-
ernment and true Gospel liberty in which I
have been trained from my youth, set at nought
or ignored."
" Plainpield, Eighth Month 12th, 1892.
" Thy kind letter was read yesterday, and thy
expressions of sympathy [in the loss of a son]
with us, with the sympathy of thy dear wife
and cousin, grateful. We are suffering very
much — no mortal tongue can express what we
feel — in this sense 'ever}' man sliall bear his
own burden,' for no one can fully understand
another's case — and though it may be said, as
some do, that grief is common, ' makes not mine
the less,' there is One who can help us and
enable us to say, ' Thy will be done.' This
state we are also to learn is a ' gift from above,'
and not at our command."
" By a letter from D. E. Cope I learn that
dear M. Cope left an address to be read in the
Quarterly Meeting after his removal. It is in-
tended to be read at the next with the shutters
raised. Thou may have heard of this, however,
it has been quite interesting to me. "
"Camden, Eleventh Month 11th, 1892.
" The meetings of the Committee on the Dis-
cipline that I have attended have been agreea-
bly conducted, and leave upon my own mind a
quiet satisfaction as I return to Camden. I
thought there was a precious feeling today in
the silence before the business began."
This letter refers to a committee on the re-
vision of the discipline of Philadelphia Yearly
Meeting, appointed in 1892. The changes pro-
posed by the Committee were not very numer-
ous, nor were they in general of a very import-
ant or fundamental character. Some provisions
that had been adopted to meet difhoulties of a
temporary nature, were dropped. The Yearly
Meeting adopted the report of the Committee.
"Camden, Eleventh Month 16th, 1892.
" I enjoy freedom of intercourse and open ex-
change of views on matters which concern our
' common cause,' and have been accustomed to
it for nearly sixty years. I wish there were
more of it among Friends here — the absence of
it is often painful to me to a degree not easily
expressed. To the lack of it is in large measure
to be attributed the ' many shades' of sentiment
that are to be painfully observed among us — so
much so that it was remarked lately that ten
Friends could hardly be brought together and
not discover 'snags here and there.' It was not
so when I came here, I think, to anything like
the extent it is to be felt and observed now.
This is very discouraging."
" In the early days of the Society, Meetings
for Discipline were more select, and consisted
for the most part of concerned Friend:^. They
are now of trw |)upular a character to render
them safe bodies to legislate without previous,
careful, serious, weighty deliberation."
"Camden, Eleventh Month 21hI, 1892.
"I have just received thy kind note and the
two cuttings from the Review. I have read them
with careful interest. I am glad to know that
[the Editor] is become so .sensible of the condi-
tion of things, but I do not unite with his views
as U) the causes or remedies. The members of
a Yearly Meeting must first get upon the only
true foundation, not only believing in the doc-
trine of Christ, but also become regenerated and
baptized by Him into one body and made from
living experience to drink of that one Spirit,
before a concern is ever likely to be laid upon
[them] for the spread of the Redeemer's king-
dom. Such a concern for the welfare of others
is not a natural but a spiritual thing. Religious
activity, although professedly upon Quaker
lines, would only bring about the same fruits
that we .see now in the Society. We must be
content to stand still before we can be prepared
to see the salvation of God, either as individuals
or a church."
" The Society will never be helped by a Bible
class nor by First-day schools, with such ideas
underneath them, nothing but a spurious Chris-
tianity and a spurious ministry can come of
them. So on the whole I come to the jiainful and
sorrowful conclusion that Philadelphia Yearly
meeting is not likely to be helped by the Review
or its editor."
[In The Friend of Eighth Month 19th, 1893,
there was published an editorial article express-
ing uneasiness with the tendency to establish
the truth of religious doctrines by intellectual
study, and advancing the idea that the effect of
such a course on those engaged in it is unfavora-
ble to their advancement in true spiritual Chris-
tianity because it withdraws their attention from
the only true source of Divine knowledge. A
letter from R. E., dated Eighth Month 19th,
1893, thus refers to it] :
"I think thy editorial in The Feiexd this
week, which I have read with much satisfac-
tion, will be a comfort to many. It is a testi-
mony in the right direction. I hope we have
still many among us who will heartily respond
to it and whose faith may be helped by it. If
our Society should slide away from this founda-
tion, we must fail as a people to answer the end
for which we have an existence.
"That there is a strong current running in
the direction of a substitution of a religion of
the head and a round of religious activities and
philanthropic efforts, there is no doubt at all.
The younger class are caught with it and hold
in admiration those who countenance and give
it their support. There is our great danger.
" These considerations are very exercising to
me. We have now no undaunted Morris Cope
to put an army to flight, and few that seem at
all qualified and equipped as warriors in the
church."
410
THE FRIEND.
Seventh Mo. 17, :
" Camden, Second Mimlh 5tli, 1894.
" Our honored friend Thomas Story said once
(or wrote) that he had never seen anything so
improper or unreasonable but that it woiikl have
its advocates, aiders, abettors or apologists. So
there may be said to be very little that is ne\y.
When a man begins the apologetic strain he is
virtually gone. If he has nothing to say and
adopts the neutral policy to hide himself he is
also virtually gone. John Bright once uttered
a paradox when he said, ' I do not like a neu-
tral man ; he is always on the wrong side.' All
these quotations contain sentiments, the fruit of
close observation and are very safe rules for
judging. I am an octogenarian witness and
free subscriber to all of them."
" I said in Philadelphia Yearly Meeting,
twenty-five years ago, I expect, that a valuable
Friend in England said to me, ' A day is ap-
proaching when the true principles of our re-
ligious Society will have to be contended for
over again, not outside in the religious world,
but inside, among our own people.' That day
is upon us."
(To be continued.)
Stories of the Light-House Service.
" Gustav Kobbe writes a paper on " Heroism
in the Light-house Service," for the Century
magazine. He says: "Several of the violent
storms that have whirled over Matinicus Rock
have tried the fortitude of the little band of
faithful watchers upon it. One of these watchers,
Abby Burgess, has become famous in our light-
house annals, not only for long service, but also
for bravery displayed on various occasions. Her
father was keeper of the rock from 1853 to 1861.
In January, 18.56, when she was seventeen years
old, he left her in charge of the lights while he
crossed to Matinicus Island. His wife was an
invalid, his son was away on a cruise, and his
other four children were little girls. The fol-
lowing day it began to ' breeze up ;' the wind
increased to a gale, and soon developed into a
storm almost as furious as that which carried
away the tower on Minot's Ledge in 1851. Be-
fore long the seas were sweeping over the rock.
Down among the boulders was a chicken-coop
which Abby feared might be carried away. On
a lonely ocean outpost like Matinicus Rock a
chicken is regarded with affectionate interest,
and Abby, solicitous for the safety of the in-
mates of the little coop, waited her chance, and
when the seas fell off a little, rushed knee-deep
through the swirling water, and rescued all but
one of the chickens. She had hardly closed
the door of the dwelling behind her when a sea,
breaking over the rock, brought down the old
cobblestone house with a crash. While the
storm was at its height the waves threatened
the granite dwelling, so that the family had to
take refuge in the towers for safety ; and here
they remained, with no sound to greet them
from without but the roaring of the wind around
the lanterns, and no sight but the sea sheeting
over the rock. Yet through it all the lamps
were trimmed and lighted. Even after the
storm had abated, the reach between the rock
and Matinicus Island was so rough that Captain
Burgess could not return until four weeks later."
The writer <]uotes the following letter, writ-
ten to a friend by Grant, who lived for
many years on White Head, off the Maine Coast :
"Sometimes I think the time is not far distant
when I shall climb these light-house stairs no
more. It has almost seemed to nie that the
light was part of my self. When we ha<l care
of the old lanl-oil lamps on Matinicus Rock,
they were more difficult to tend than these
lamps are and sometimes they would not burn
so well when first lighted, especially in cold
weather when the oil got cool. Then, some
nights, I could not sleep a wink all night, though
I knew the keeper himself was watching. And
many nights I have watched the lights my part
of the night, and then could not sleep the rest
of the night, thinking nervously what might
happen should the light fail.
" In all these years I always put the lamps
in order in the morning, and lit them at sunset.
These old lamps— as they were when my father
lived on Matinicus Rock — are so thoroughly
impressed on my memory that even now I often
dream of them. There were fourteen lamps
and fourteen reflectors. When I dream of them
it always seems to me that I have been away a
long while, and I am trying to get back in time
to light the lamps. Then I am half way be-
tween Matinicus and White Head, and hurry-
ing toward the rock to light the lamps there
before sunset. Sometimes I walk on the water,
sometimes I am in a boat, and sometimes I seem
going in the air — I must always see the lights
burning in both places before I wake. I always
go through the same scenes in cleaning the
lamps and lighting them, and I feel a great
deal more worried in my dreams than when I
am awake.
" I wonder if the care of the lighthouse, will
follow my soul after it has left this worn-out
body ! If I ever have a gravestone, I would
like it to be in the form of a light-house or
beacon."— Friends' Intelligencer.
For " THE Fkiend."
Letter from Switzerland.
Pres iSEUFCHATEL, 49 Corcelles.
Sixth Month 20lh, 1897.
The time is drawing alarmingly near when I
shall not be able any more to run up the hill
to get the view down into the valley and across
to the mountains on the other side of the lake.
Oh, they have been beautiful these last fesv
days — it has rained in showers all the time —
but the cloud effects have been superb, and even
the whole range, entirely exposed, has not the
charm of a rent in the rolling cloud-masses
and a ray of sun-light piercing through, illum-
inating a snowy peak, making it seem to shine
almost by its own liglit.
My friends went off the middle of the week
on their way to Italy, by way of Interlachen
and Lucerne. It was not much of a tempta-
tion, though the Alps are so near for me this
time, I am too mucli interested in my studies
to care to have any distraction, and we have
numberless charming walks around Corcelles,
but they keep sending such delightful accounts
of what they have seen, and last evening one
of our fellow pensionaires came back, (she had
accompanied the others that far) with such
glowing descriptions, that I feel quite stirred
up, and shall be glad when I am back here,
with leisure, to take in the Alps too.
Last evening, a few minutes before supper,
ray teacher, the one from whom I take extra
lessons, came in to ask me if I cared to accom-
pany her on an hour and a half walk to the
little city of Boudery. There are two lines of
railroad that go there, but as the evening was
a charming one, we both preferred the walk.
She had some business to attend to with her
brother, who lives there. I can give no idea of
how delightful a walk it was— all the time be-
tween quaint old walls— across village after
village, all with their fountains of stone and
water always running, and the children singing
their " rounds," the same sort of games one finds
amongst all children, of all nations and of all
ages. I caught this pretty little refrain :
" Siir le pent d'Avignon
Tout le monde y passe."
(Over the bridge of Avignon
All the world passes.)
The rest I did not get, but I know it is an old
song, dating back to the fourteenth century, at
the time when Avignon was the seat of papacy
for nearly seventy years.
And then the old chateaux, with their walla
and towers, old houses of ancient nobility, with
the coat of arms carved above the door, and all
the while the bracing mountain air, the green
meadows, and the dark Juras to the right. We
crossed several times the crystal-clear little river
I'Areuse, that we followed up its gorge, the
other week, where it had eaten its way through
the mountains on its way to the lake.
I know of nothing more charming than to
put in a quiet industrious day, and then with-
out any bother of preparation, start off into the
mountains. It is only in this way one gets the
best that is to be had from sight-seeing. If one
sets out to make a business of " doing every-
thing," one might as well stay at home, for all
the pleasure one gets, and far better, if one has
passed the stage of finding pleasure in being
able to say " oh, yes I've been there."
The whole of yesterday afternoon we spent
at Neufchatel. I had some purchases to make,
several books for my teaching, etc. I regretted '
not being able to find any bouquinist along the
border of the lake, as I could have, along the
Seine, but one can't find modern literature and
books like that, even at the bouquinists at Paris,
so I had to content myself and pay regular
prices.
One day last week I went on a delightful ex- ;
cursion with nearly fifty men and women of !
Corcelles and vicinity. I enjoyed it not only
for what I saw of the country, but also the
coming in contact with so many typical Swiss.
I found them delightfully cordial, well bred,
and intelligent. We took the train at Auver-
nier, a little after six in the morning, and by
eight, had left the train at a little station high
up and not far from the French border, among ^
the Juras, the town Moitier, I think it is called, '
is very old and beautifully, situated in the " Val
de Travers." Rousseau used to pass a good
deal of time there- — by the way, speaking of
great men — Boudery, where I was last evening,
is the birthplace of the terrible Murat, of the
French Revolution, but I take much more in-
terest in an old house, and a magnificent avenue '
of trees on the Tourne, the mountain that we
climbed several weeks ago, where lived a friend
of Agassiz, and where that great man was wont
to spend days at a time, and loved particularly
to walk up and down the avenue.
To return to our trip, after crossing the val-
ley and ascending for some time, we came to
the edge of the forest, turning a little to one
side to visit the ruins of an old convent, and
then continuing up and around, coming finally
into a deep cool gorge, called in the "patois"
of the country, Porieta Raisse, where the rocks
were covered with moss, lichens and ferns, and
dripping with water on every side, while a
small, but tremendously active little stream
came tumbling down between. The ascent is
very steep and most of the way steps are hewn
out of the rock or else a frame-work of logs
made fast to the side and suspended over the
chasm, enables one to pass from one ledge to
nth Mo. 17, 1897
THE FRIEND.
•il]
another. At one part of the gorge there was a
wiilt'iiiiig out, a regular place fur camping out,
here a halt was made for " dujeuner." We had
brought along with us enough to last until the
afternoon, as we would pass no place where we
could get lunch. If the Jura mountains were
in (ierinany the case would be ditt'drent, for a
German must drink at leiist once every hour,
and as he never comes to realize that water was
intended to quench thirst, he must have cott'rie
or tea, or syrup, or lemonade, if he dues not
drink beer, which he usually does of course,
and, as he is generally too heavy himself to
cany much along, he sees to it that all these
tliinLjs are provided, along all possible courses
that he may happen to take, and there is no
one on the face of the earth that enjoys so much
going off for a day's or a half-day's outing as he.
Weil, this is a digression, as soon as we had
lunched sufficiently, we started on up the gorge.
It was delightful to watch the crowd coming
up — the path was so narrow only one could
pass at a time— winding in and out among the
rocks, but more than that, to hear them, for
they were all in a singing mood, singing their
beautiful Swiss melodies. At last we emerged
into sunlight again, finding ourselves on a high
plateau of simply rolling pasture land, and for
about five hours we continued to wander over
them — I say wander — for there was no definite
path, and we were constantly going to one side
for flowers. It was a perfect carpet of flowers,
of every hue and kind, great fields of narcissus
and " boutous d'or " (buttons of gold), the lat-
ter a kind of ranunculus, very large, of which,
the rich golden petals overlap, forming a ball.
Numberless varieties of orchids and exquisite
gentians, of a blue most intense, beside count-
less others. About one o'clock we stopped at
a chalet, hoping to be able to get some coffee
or milk, but there was only an old man and a
small boy there, simply to tend the herds of
cattle that graze in the mountains, and could
ido nothing for us, so we had to content our-
.selves with water for beverage, and we ate the
remainder of our lunch under some trees near
,the chalet, after which we continued our march.
At last we began again to ascend, always sim-
ply the smooth mountain slopes covered with
flowers and grass. The view grew more and
more beautiful as we ascended, all around us
the Juras and to the right, far off in the dis-
tance the lake of Neufchatel, and the Alps be-
yond that looked vastly higher now, that we
were ourselves so high. At last our further
progress was prevented by a sudden dropping
away of the mountain, which formed an enor-
mous amphitheater, with walls as precipitous
as those of any canon I ever saw, and about
2000 feet in height. This mountain is known
by the name of "Creux du van," creux mean-
ing hole, and van is a sort of semi-circular
basket with one side a sieve, which is used in
separating the chaff from the grain. From the
top of this Creux du van, one looks down into
the valley of I'Areuse, which forms the com-
mencement of the gorge of which I have spoken
in the former letter. Aft«r regarding as long
as we wished down into the chasm, we contin-
ued our way to a chalet, at some distance to
one side, one of the men of the party, who had
stationed himself to help the women over a high
stone wall, said laughingly, as he realized he
had not the time to aid me : "Mais les Anglaises
sout terribles, elles vont partout!" (but the
English ladies are terrible, they go over everj'-
thing! ") to which I promptly responded, "C'est
vrai, et les Americaines sout encore pire ! " (that
is true, and the Americans are still worse). I
r&sent on all occasions being taken fur an Kng-
lisii person.
I was extremely curious to enter one of the
chalets and find out how the inmates lived, the
one to which we now came, offered an excellent
opportunity. These chalets are large eunstruc-
tious, with room for cattle, hay and people all
under one roof. The i)eople who iniiabit them
are generally, simply those who have charge
of the Hocks and herds, and seldom their own
ers. In the winter they live in the valleys, but
as the spring comes they advance up the moun-
tains, following from one level to another, as
the pastures become green.
We saw only one chalet with a straw roof,
that was quite low down on the mountain side,
where straw is easier to procure than wood, but
the law now, no longer permits the use of straw,
on account of fires, so that this artistic feature
is disappearing from the Swiss mountains. The
windows to the buildings are very small and
few in number — the most of the light entering
by the large door in front. The first thing one
sees after passing the threshold, and getting
somewhat used to the semi-darkness, is an im-
mense black chimney place, with an enormous
brass pot, bright and shining, suspended on a
chain. This is where the cheese is made, the
delicious Swiss cheese, which is, by the way,
much better here than it is when brought over, at
least I have never tasted any like it. The milk
is turned fresh into the boiler, heated, and the
necessary ingredients added ; then the whey
separates, and the rest is turned into the forms.
The peculiar taste of the Swiss cheese is due to
the taste given to the milk, by the plants the
cows graze on — the different cantons produce
the same kind of cheese — ^that is, prepared in
the same way, but with qulte^i^ifiBrent aroma.
Through the open door at^l^^ack of the
entry-way, one looked into the stable, and sev-
eral gentle faced cows were gazing mildly down
upon us. There were some fifty there under
cover, and several horses. There was a ladder
leading up into the hay lofts, which were open,
so that one threw the hay down upon the entry
floor and carried it then into the stables. I
climbed up, of course, to see around belter, and
discovered two or three rooms partitioned off,
where the family sleeps.
Hanging along the rafters just over one's
head, on entering, were the immense bells, which
are put upon the leaders of the herds, as they
journey from one pasturing ground to another.
Some of them were of iron, beaten thin, and
fully a foot long and as much in diameter,
though they were not round but flat. Others
were of bell metal. At my request, a small
boy went up and set them all ringing for my
amusement. Each has a different tone, so that
one can recognize each cow, and some are very
musical. To the right, seemed to be the living
room of the family, and to the left, the dairy,
which was by the way, scrupulously clean.
After reposingawhileand refreshingourselves,
it was proposed to have some sports upon the
green, of course I was very happy to join, as I
am a fairly good runner. Towards evening,
that is, about six o'clock, we started down the
mountain, following for the most part, a zigzag
path that winds along the steep slopes of the
eastern side of the Creux du van, I found, how-
ever, a slide, used f )r timber, that was much
more interesting, auJ brought me down in about
a sixth the time it would have taken to follow
the path.
At the foot of the mountain, dinner had been
alreaily ordered in a little hotel, very pleasantly
.■situated. We were all quite ready for a warm
meal. After it was over, we beUjok ourselves
to the station, at some little distance farther
up the valley. It was nearly midnight, when
a large crowd, half drunken willi sleep, got
out of the cars at Auvernier. I don't remem-
ber how I managed to scramble up the steep
slope from the station to the house, but it was
not fatigue, only sleepine.-^s that made the way
difficult, for in this delightful mountain air,
one can walk indefinitely without getting tired.
E. 8. K.
Some account of the last .sickne.s3 ash
DEATH OF DoRCA.S P. BuOW.NINO, DAUfiH-
TER OF OtUNIEL AND Ef.VICE FoSTER, OF
soutn-kinoston monthly meeting of
Friend.s, of which .she w.v,s a .member.
She was taken severely ill with diphtheria
on the twelfth of Eighth Month, 1862; the
disease eventually taking the form of crouj) ;
and she expired at a (juarler to eight o'clock,
1". M., of the eighteenth of the same mouth, in
the thirty-fifth year of her age.
<jn the sixteenth, the disease having extended
to the distant parts of the throat, her physi-
cian so informed her, to which she replied,
" Then she supposed there was no help for it,"
but he assured her that it w.is not necessarily
hopeless if it did not continue to extend, etc.
Other physicians were now called, but before
their arrival she spoke as she had done on sev-
eral previous occasions, of her apprehensions
that " her time was short," but she said " she
had no desire to live on her own account," etc.
But the hope was earnestly expressed by the
family that she would be willing to live for the
good of others, as also to be fully |)repared and
ready for the awful change herself, etc. " I am
willing," she said, but after remaining quiet
awhile, raised herself up in a sitting posture
and exclaimed in her clear, natural, distinct
voic^ though she had been unable to speak
much above a whisper most of the time, and
part of it had used a slate ; " My views," she
said, " will be realized, and I have but a little
time longer to stay with you." Many expres-
sions of sorrow being made by the family at
this sudden and painful prospect of parting
ith one to whom they were all so strongly at-
tached, and looking to for comfort and supp)rt
in their now declining years, " I know it all
very well," she said, " and have had a hard
struggle to give you all up, even all of my
friends, who were so near and dear to me," and
poke especially to her father, of her strong
i>ve and attachment to him, with the hope that
he might never be allowed to want for anything
that would add to his comfort ; and '• May thee,
dear father," she said, "soon, soon meet me in
that realm of rest where parting and sorrow
are unknown, and where I believe there is a
mansion prepared for thee." And then turning
to her husband, said, " But this, oh, this, is the
trial to part from thee ; I know this will be a
blow to you all, and I have prayed, oh, how
fervently, that you may be supported." And
then broke forth in the most earnest expressions
of prayer to God that her sins might, through
his adorable mercy, be blotted out, even though
they were like mountains before her ; and
though she had fallen so far short of what she
ought to have been, and had never done any
good, yet .she craved that in great mercy, just
an entrance within the gates, and only the low-
est seat, and that in the passage through the
dark valley ; oh, that his presence might be
412
THE FRIEND.
Seventh Mo. 17, 1897
with her, so that its dark waters might not over-
whelm her head." She also meDtioned later
every member of the family, aud of their families
also ; adding, " How glad I should have been
to have seen them all again, aud tell them all,
all to meet me in heaven, all of our large family
gathered there; what a glorious, glorious meet-
fng that will be. Give my love to them all,
and kiss them all tor me," and again, "To re-
member her love to all her dear nephews and
nieces; give my love to them all and tell them
they were always dear to me, but never half so
dear as now. Tell sister Lydia, how much I
counted ou a visit from her ; and say to dear
brother Stephen how much pleasure I had an-
ticipated from his expected visit, and how I
have indulged the vain hope of sometime visit-
ing him in his own home, and how much I feel
fo^hira, far separated from all his friends and
the Society of which he is a member. "But
tell, Oh, tell him to remember the God of his
fathers, and not to allow his mind to be too
much absorbed by worldly things as I have done,
and put off the preparation for a time like this ;
and to bring up his children in the fear of the
Lord ! etc. and quoted a passage of Scripture
which had impressed her mind as applicable to
him, but which was not retained. There were two
passages however which had been much on her
mind of late and a great comfort to her, viz :
" Stand still and see the salvation of the Lord,"
and the other, "They that trust in the Lord
shall not be confounded." She said she regret-
ted not having read the Scriptures more, and if
we would read them more how much more com-
fort they would be to us, aud if her life was
spared it would be to live a very different one."
"You all know," she said, " or if you do not
know it was so, that the cross of the plain dress,
and plain language, was almost more than I
could bear, but the cross must be taken up and
borne whatever is required, or however trifling
to others it may appear to be." " I am aware
that much of my life must have appeared light
and trifling to others, and it was a great deal
too much so, but there have been times when
my whole heart was given to the work." " Oh,
that my head were waters and mine eyes foun-
tains of tears," said the Lord's prophet, " That I
might weep day and night for the slain of the
daughters of my people." "I have ever been
a firm believer in immediate Divine revelation,
but never more so than now, and this is not my
own strength, nor are these my own words."
" No, dear father, thou can bear me witness
that my natural tongue could never have ut-
tered these things. No, no, but I called upon
the Lord, and He hath .''trengthened me out of
Zion ; without this strength 1 should have been
bound here with you in sorrow and pain but
He hath wafted my soul above the earth and
earthly things."
" Give my love to all ray friends everywhere."
" Oil, I feel such love that I could embrace the
whole world. But perhaps this dispensation is
for your good. Oh ! may it prove so," and then
after a little time, said, "Oh! pray for me; I
feel that I stand in need of all your prayers."
On something being done for her, she said, " I
have no pain and am perfectly quiet," but soon
after said, "I do not feel that full assurance of
acceptation which I should wish ; Oh ! may it
be granted before all is over," and soon after
said, " Oh ! is it possible that I can be forgiven,
and if it is so may not some sign be given that
it it so," and then after a little quiet, she said,
" Yes, I believe it will lie so, and you will have
to raise your hands and say. It is enough." She
then gave some messages to absent friends, and
a!?(.) some counsel and advice to some present,
and to her dear husband, to go to no unneces-
sary expense on account of her funeral, but to
let all be in a plain way as Friends would wish,
and said she was thankful in having none to
leave without a mother's care. She gave away
all her personal effects sufficiently plain to be
understood, though saying she would have been
glad to particularize more, but that "Time is
too precious now." On several of the neigh-
boring women coming in who had friends en-
listed for the war, she said, on looking around
upon them, " Oh ! my friends ; how my mind
has been with you in your affliction, those of
you who have had to part with near and dear
friends, who have gone perhaps to a death on
the battle field or even something worse, Oh !
put your trust and confidence in God, and may
He sustain you." At this time she was appre-
hensive of being near the close, but afterwards
revived up again and said that when all was
quiet and she waiting for the change, she seemed
to hear it said to her, that the time might be
lengthened out, if she would be faithful ; not on
her own account, but for the good of others, and
said that at first she thought it to be a bufleting
of the enemy, but it remained with her until
night ; yet she did not dare trust herself to go
back to the world and its temptations, after
what she had experienced." She now had
many sinking spells, and suffered much, though
without complaint or murmuring; saying at
one time it seemed as though she had suffered
many deaths, but the Lord had helped her
through all." And at another time of distress,
said to her husband : " Can thee hold me to
suffer so ? " And then inquired of her father and
the particular friend, P. F., whom she had sent
for to be wiyi ^r in her last moments, if they
thought there was a possibility of her accept-
ance. On the latter's assurance that she felt
nothing in her way, replied, " Neither do I, any-
thing at all." But a little time previously she
had exclaimed, "Oh! that book, where each
word and thought of mine have been recorded ;
how shall I answer that?"
On the last day she was delirious, at times,
and near the close appeared to have a hard
struggle with death, though the great calmness
with which she had been so much favored, con-
tinued measurably with her, and we feel abun-
dantly warranted in the precious belief that
through great mercy she was enabled to triumph
at last. After a few words of exhortation from
the friend alluded to, but not directed to her
particularly, some inquiry was made after her
full and free acceptance of the Divine Will in
her case, she said, " If we can say ' it is an ordi-
nance of Almighty God, and we are satisfied,
is not that enough ?"
To her husband she said, " Thou knows to go
to the fountain head, but what does it avail to
go there, if we do not stay there ? " And soon
after said, "I am nearing a happy realm;"
and on inquiry if all was now bright and pleas-
ant before her, said, " Yes, Yes, Yes ! " Her
father asked if she was going to meet a little
sister whom she had never seen ; she replied,
" Oh, yes ; and my long distressed and suffering
mother,* who has long been waiting to sing
with me the songs of salvation on the banks of
deliverance. What a glorious meeting that
will be ! " and then most earnestly entreated
her husband to " Come with me! Thee can
come if thee will, and why will thee not come?
* She lay very low, in a sufTeiing conUilion for
eighteen days with pneumonia.
But if thee goes off to that dreadful war, thee
will have to be in one place and I in another.
How can we bear that? Oh, come then, where
I am, and meet me there! " After this, a few
words of supplication, not remembered, and she
breathed shorter and shorter, to the last ; and
thus passed quietly away on the eighteenth of
the Eighth Month, 1862, in the thirty-fifth year
of her age.
" Come ye blessed of my Father, inherit the king-
dom prepared for you from the foundation of the
world."
" Blessed indeed are they whose transgressions have
been forgiven, and whose sins are blotted out."
^_ G. F.
For "Thb Friend."
RELIGION.
Keligion leads to do and say
The kindest thing the kindest way,
To fiillow truth, whate'er it be,
Be nothing but sincerity ;
Deal with the whole world truthfully.
Extend to mankind charity
For all temptations he hath had.
And weigh the good against the bad.
A Christian always should forgive
A sinner who would rightly live,
When he forgiveness doth implore ;
Should say, as Christ, " Go sin no more,
" For of thy sins thou doth repent.
Thy life for good may now be spent.
God will forgive and so will I,
As to do better, thou wilt try."
Eeligion is the golden rule.
Which we should practice in life's school
'Tis not all doctrine or all creed,
But giving love to those who need,
A kind and sympathetic heart ;
In joy and sorrow to take part.
If each obey his inward light,
And do as conscience says is right,
The world will then not go far wrong.
For God will guide us all day long ;
He'll tell each soul its duty here :
We need but disobeying fear.
Were we religious we should know
One path were not for all to go,
Each has his individual light,
To show what work for him is right.
Then let ns trust the Father knows
Just how that each one's pathway goes.
Let u.s not rashly interfere.
Condemning those who do not hear
Or see their way as we would guide —
Their inward voice we have not tried.
And we their duty cannot see —
Each soul and God can judges be.
Oh, let us not self-righteous be.
Believing all should see as we ;
The human race God understood.
Gave each the liglit to do most good.
Martha Siiepard Lippincott.
moorestown, n. j.
The best thing with which to make a noise
is a vessel full of emptiness. Fill a barrel with
flour and you destroy its sounding properties.
Fill a drum with sand and you can pound as
much as you please without disturbing the neigh-
bors. The noisiest Christians often have the
least grace in them. The noisiest preachers are
often empty of real truth. The most godly
preacher that ever walked the earth was a quiet
speaker. His voice was not heard in the streets
among the noisy crowds. Some times peopk
made a noise around him. Only on one occa
sion do we remember his lifting up his voici
He stood and cried : '' If any man thirst, lei
him come unto me and drink. '
Error is dangerous, it cannot be harmless.
Seventh Mo. 17, 1897
THE FRIEND.
-113
Some Rarely Observed Bird Visitors and Bird
Habits in Burlington County, N. J.
(COUL-Juded from paye -103.)
This bird, the Migratory Quail {Coturnix
Coturnix), perhaps the rarest of Burliagton
County's bird visitors, was wiug-tipped and
cured by a neighbor in one of our grass fields
in June, 1877, and presented to us. For sev-
eral weeks its peculiar cry was heard. I copy
from notes made at the time, " Jersey habitat
in grass fields; cry frequent, three quick notes
faintly united, that did not seem loud when
near by, yet to be heard distinctly two hundred
yards away — sound difficult to follow because
seeming to come from various directions. Its
cry was so peculiar that it attracted much at-
tention among persons in its vicinity during the
day and also at night, occasionally. There was
something of anxiety in its tone, as if seeking or
expecting a reply. Its stopping place was in a
grass field of ours, and an adjoining one of a
neighbor's, without clover, and timothy about
blossoming. Its strange voice and stranger
habits, excited the curiosity of those near by.
It was difficult to flush — made a direct, rapid,
short fiight, only a few feet from the ground.
If we went to the place of alighting, or to where
we heard its voice, we could not find it there,
indicating a running habit, or ventriloquist
powers. Finally, one of our neighbors wiug-
tipped it, and presented it to us. We kept it
caged perhaps two years, and at its death one of
our family mounted it. It was a long while
before I could identify it, as I examined only
lists of American birds, and consulted only
American ornithology. It was always an in-
teresting object to our friends, and many were
the conjectures and decisions in regard to its
personality. The majority decided that it was
a sjjort from American quail — many that it
was cross-bred. Baffled so long in my search
among books and country friends, I at last set
apart a rainy day when I could not farm, and
devoted it to a search among the great collec-
tion of the Philadelphia Academy of Natural
Sciences, where I at length found the represen-
tatives of his family, marked Pei-dix Coturnix.
With this family name I sought in works of
American ornithology to learn something of his
family history, but in vain.
At "length we chanced to see his portrait in a
German illustrated work, with an appended his-
tory. Thus guided, I found its person and habits
described by many of the English ornithologists
as being a migratory visitor, spending the sum-
mer in Europe, the winter, south of the Medi-
terranean, in Asia and Africa. Why was our
specimen in Burlington Co.,N. J.'? I searched
diligently more than a year for a reply. Then
it chanced that a visiting relative brought for
our children's pleasure an illustrated paper, in
which was this item — that an importation of
migratory quail had been made by some gentle-
men in Vermont, who were connected with Rut-
land County Bank, Yt. I wrote a letter of in-
quiry to the President of that institution, and
received a reply. I subsequently read in a pub-
lic journal of such quail having been seen in
North Carolina, and after, that a number of them
had alighted on a vessel far out to sea.
In changing from their European summer
home to their African winter one, they must
cross the Mediterranean Sea. In their passage
they take advantage of the projecting peninsu-
las of Italy and Greece, and the intervening
islands, yet great numbers are drowned and
washed ashore. Our Vermont birds, making
their characteristic southward migratory move-
ment, would reach Long Island Sound, the At-
lantic front and the Gidf of Mexico. If in imi-
tation of the ancestral crcssing of the Mediter-
ranean Sea they should essay to cross the above
named waters, their fate would be like that of
Landor's stately ship :
" We unly know from Kn),'land slie sailed far o'er the
mail),
We only know to England she ne'er returned again."
I found in the London edition, 1882-84, of
Garrett's " British Birds," vol. three, i)age one
hundred and twenty-five, this reference to the
above (fi'ort of the gentlemen of Vermont to in-
troduce the Migratory Quail into the United
States, " Large numbers have been turned out
in America, especially in the State of Vermont,
where, in 1877, a flourishing stock of six thous-
and birds had been secured."
The specimen before us during its caged life
in our family was exceedingly shy and sensitive,
as was to be expected of a bird so anxious for
concealment in a state of nature. But after
sharing our home for a few months, it showed
for the members of the family this much of the
recognition and partiality of friendship. When
a stranger entered the room and approached,
it appeared restless and irritated, and if he stood
close to its cage it would show what seemed
like anger, by erecting all its feathers, during
which erection the peculiarity of their pencil-
ling gave them a rounded appearance, like the
quills of the porcupine. One member of the
family, when she came down to the room in the
mornings, would go to the cage and talk to the
bird iu confiding tones, as if assured there was
a reciprocation of good feeling. It soon seemed
to enjoy this, standing very quietly, with head
bent to one side as if intent and soothed, and
its manner always showed that this member of
the family was its favorite. During mating
season it was very excitable, and had three
sharp loud notes, as startling as the crack of a
whip, followed by a deep bass note like the gut-
tural voice of the largest frogs. They abound
in Asia from India to Siberia. In China the
natives carry them about in winter to keep their
hands warm.
It is a far cry from Burlington Co., N. J.,
year 1897 A. d. to the peninsula of Arabia, year
1490 B. c, nearly 3,400 years of time, and more
than that miles of land and ocean intervening.
When the Jews were removing from Egypt
to Palestine, at a time and in a district without
adequate food supplies, at an encampment in
the peninsula of Arabia, not far from the Red
Sea, this incident is narrated : "And there went
forth a wind from the Lord and brought quail
from the sea, and let them fiiU by the camp as
it were a day's journey on this side, and as it
were a day's journey on the other side, round
about the camp, as it were two cubits high upon
the face of the earth, and it came to pass at even
the quails came up aud covered the camp."
Can we identify the bird that was so consid-
erable and opportune a factor in this incident
of nearly three thousand four hundred years?
Some authors name the Sand Grouse (Pterocles
alchata). This bird, though abundant in the
East, does not make long flights, though it has
powerful wings, never is seen fatigued by mi-
gration, and is at all times a tenant of the wil-
derness, far from water. The claim of others
is not satisfying. Does the family of our rare
Burlington County visitor furnish proofs of
claim to the position — sea-crossing ability, al-
most inconceivable numbers, availability for
" spreading abroad " or drying, with other cir-
cumstantial proof, giving fair evidence that in
this particular instance no noticeable. change in
habits has taken place during more than three
thousand years ?
First. — Our bird still frequents the district
the incident occurred in, and there the tradi-
tional etymology of the Arabs makes its name
" Saliva " ( to be fat — round form) ; the Hebrew
makes it "Sclav" — most suggestively similar.
The narrative says, " Two cubits high upon the
face of the earth." Once it was thought "two
cubits," applied to depth of deposits. Now to
altitude of arrival, the flight of our bird is al-
ways low, swift and direct, is two cubit.s still.
But most vital to a decision is adequate sea-
crossing ability, numbers, arrival at even, aud
adaptation to " gprea<ling abroad " or drying for
human food.
Pliny, the Roman naturalist, who wrote in
the first century of the Christian era lias : "Quails
always arrive before the cranes. They are small
birds, and when they come to us are terrestrial
in their habits, rather than birds of flight. Their
appearance is not unattended with danger to
sailors when they draw near to land, for they
often alight on the sails, invariably by night, and
swamp the vessels."
Says a French naturalist, "This species is
probably the most productive of all winged
creatures, and it could not well be otherwise, or
it would be unable to withstand the war of exter-
mination declared by human beings and birds
of prey." A prodigious number of victims the
simple crossing of the Mediterranean costs the
species." In certain islands of the archi[)elago
men and women have no other occupation for
two months than collecting the quails showered
on them from heaven, picking, cleaning, salting
and packing them away in casks for transpor-
tation to ])rincipal markets of the Levant. The
catchers, two weeks in advance, select and num-
ber their ground to avoid disputes." Another
French author, Pellicott : "I wait when it ar-
rives at shore of sea, flies only at night. It
leaves the lands where it has passed the day
about the dusk of evening and settles again at
the dawn of morning. In transit they often
weary, and alight on vessels or fall into the sea.
I saw boats come in with ten or twelve sharks.
They were opened before me, and there was not
one which had not eight to twelve quails iu its
body. The birds starting from the Crimea
about seven p. m., with a northerly wind, before
dawn accomplish a passageof about sixty leagues
and alight on the southern shore to feed and re-
pose. In the vernal season, the direction of
flight is reversed, and they arrive in .similar
condition on the Russian coast." The route of
these would be through Turkey in Asia and
through Arabia, the scene of our narrative.
Bewick in " British Birds" — " On the Western
coast of Naples such prodigious numbers have
appeared that one hundred thousand have been
taken in a day, within a space of four or five
miles." Mention is made of such numbers of
drowned birds, victims of adverse winds, lieing
washed ashore, that their decaying bodies bred
disease. Tristam in his Natural History, pages
two hundred and thirty — two hundred and thir-
ty-three: "In Algeria, in April, found the ground
covered with quail for an extent of many acres,
at daybreak, where on the preceding afternoon
there had not been one, and they scarcely moved
until almost trodden upon. "Spreading abroad,"
or drying them for human food is spoken of as
a continuous usage. In Palestine he caught
several with his hands. " The usual migration
is from Africa in April, when according with
414
THE FRIEND.
Seventh Mo. 17, 1891
their well known instinct they would follow up
the coast to the Red Sea, crossing with a favor-
ing wind, rest before proceeding."
The above are very brief extracts, a small
part of a great deal of evidence, all of which
seemed to testify that the emergency food supply
requirements of the narrated incident of three
thousand three hundred years ago, are fully met
by the nature, habits and numbers of the family
of our rare Burlington County bird visitor.
For "THE FRIEND."
The Iowa Lake Region.
The State of Iowa has few if any lakes al-
though bountifully supplied with water from
rivers, natural springs and from wells where
water can generally be found at a depth of from
twenty-five to thirty feet. On account of this
scarcity of lakes the so-called lake region in
Dickenson County in the northwestern corner
of the State is much sought for, especially dur-
ing the hot seasons of the year when the shady
banks and placid waters are thronged with
visitors who come from the busy cities to enjoy
with their families a few weeks of country air,
cool and invigorating.
To one interested in the study of nature this
region has much of value; for the student of
geology, botany and nistory, can each in turn
find much of interest.
Lakes are of two varieties, drift and alluvial ;
the drift lakes have had their origin in the de-
pressions left in the surface of the drift at the
close of the Glacial epoch, and ever since have
rested on the drift deposit then found. The al-
luvia] lakes have no doubt had their origin by
the action of the rivers cutting out their own
water courses and afterwards changing their
courses leaving theso-called dug-outs, these lakes
rest on the alluvium as the others rest on the
drift; the latter are not attractive, being low,
marshy and the water stagnant ; the drift lakes
on the other hand being delightful spots con-
taining clear water, gravelly borders and al-
ways on higher ground and in healthier loca-
tions. The drift lakes are always at the head
of the rivers on some watershed hence all the
drift lakes in the State are found at the head of
the Cedar, the Des Moines and the Little Sioux
rivers. The largest lake in the State is Minne-
Waukon or Spirit Lake having a surface of
twelve square miles ; it drains into east Okoboji
which lies six feet lower than Spirit Lake, which
is the highest point in the State being seventeen
hundred feet above sea level. East Okoboji is
connected with West Okoboji the two lakes
forming nearly a horse shoe around S|)irit Lake.
West Okoboji has a depth of one hundred and
twenty-five feet and a beautiful wooded shore
with clear water and a gravelly shore and bot-
tom. The Sioux gave to this lake the name
of Miune Tonka (Great Water). The outlet
of these lakes being fifteen miles long and from
a few rods to two miles wide is the Little Sioux
which has its source here emi)tyiug into the
Missouri River to the southwest.
Geologists tell us that this region has under-
gone less change by erosion since the glacial
period than almost any locality within our bor-
ders. No exposure of stratified or other rock
is found, but on the shores of the lakes there
being more than a dozen in all a large collec-
tion of drift boulders are found designated i)y
the farmers Nigger heads. These have Iteen
thrown up from the bottom and carried no
doubt from parts of northern Minnesota during
the ice age. There are various varieties those
of granite l)eing the most numerous. The qiiart-
zite bouhlers are derived from formations to
which the Sioux Quartzite is classed ; the mag-
nesian limestone boulders are supposed to be
from the lower magnesian formations, the strata
of which is exposed in Minnesota. The farmers
in the early days of the settlement collected and
burned large numbers of these for lime.
In this region can also be found within a
radius of a few miles specimens of nearly the
entire flora of the State, and hence, is a spot
much sought by botanists. On account of the
scarcity of trees the State is not bountifully sup-
plied with birds which are only found in any
numbers along the streams ; however of several
hundred varieties which are found in the State
most of these spend part of the year at this
place, especially is it rich in ducks during the
spring and fall of the year congregating here
finding protection in the marshes and timber
from the northwester which sweeps down with
tremendous force during the equinoxes.
The region is also noted for its Indian history,
containing many legends ; it was on these hills
overlooking the lakes, that the Sioux and the
Dakotas worshipped the Great Spirit, it was
here their treaties were made with each other
after many a cruel war, it was to this friendly
region they always returned after roving about
the country in search of game during the sum-
mer, for here could always be found plenty of
fuel, fish, shelter and game.
It is thought that the first white person who
visited this region was Louis Hennepin (1640-
1706) the Franciscan monk and explorer when
captured and brought here as a prisoner about
1680, but this is not certain. In the narrative
of the Lewis and Clark expedition it is stated
that the Indian guide told them of the large
lakes which supplied the Little Sioux with its
bountiful supply of water. In 1837-38 Nicol-
let was directed by the war department to visit
this section ofthe country and make observations
which report is on file at Washington. From
this time on several treaties had been made with
the Indians by which they had realized all their
rights and title to this region but after a short
absence they would return. During the sum-
mer of 1856 the first settlement was made by
the Gardner and Luce families, and during the
fall a few trappers and hunters joined the in-
fiint colony. The winter of 1856-57 was very
severe the snow being five feet on the level, and
it was not uncommon to find drifts more than
twenty feet high. The settlers were hopeful and
expected to begin work in the spring in earnest.
The Indians on account of the severity of the
weather had not fared any better than the
whites, and hence perhaps their cruelty can in
some measure be accounted for. In 1851 the
Sioux had executed the treaty by which a large
portion of Minnesota was ceded to the govern-
ment but the Wakepekuti baud of Sioux were
not included, as their lawless character even ac-
cording to the Indian code had made them
unpopular, and they were obliged to withdraw
and make their home on the Vermillion River
in the present State of South Dakota, but cold
and hunger coming on they came into Iowa
begging, stealing and otherwise molesting the
settlers, and in the early part of Third Month
came upon the settlers of the Spirit Lake region
whom they killed in cold blood, including women
and children, with the exception of a few who
were captured. The log cal)iu built by tiie
first settler still stands, and the sole survivor of
the sad tragedy, then a little girl who was cap-
tured, lives on the homestead staked out by her
father on the southern borders of the West Oko-
boji Lake, forty-one years ago, where a tall
granite monument has been erected by the State
in memory of the massacre.
To the west of Spirit Lake near Sunken Lake,
is found a circle of mounds left by an unknown
race, of an unknown period, showing that way
back during the age of the Mound builders, H
there were any in this region, the land has been
occupied and contended for since man first
foot on Iowa soil. These mounds have been
opened, and skeletons of large size have b
found. A little ways north from this place, is a ,
beautiful beach of the lake, called Old Quakers'
Camp, for the reason that during the early days ^
many ofthe Friends visiting in Iowa and Min-;
nesota, travelling by team, always camped here,
and the old settlers remember that oftentimes,
meetings were held in some of the neighboring!
cabins.
Such in short is the Iowa Lake region, an
teresting spot to scientists as well as to relic!
hunters. For ages it has been to the Red Man!
a spot regarded as of superstitious interest and
of peculiar charm. It has an enchanting scen-
ery ; the picturesque blutts breaking the mono-
tony of the boundless prairies on either side;
the many bays, the shaded woodlands, and wind-!
ing capes could not help but appeal to the In-
dians' imagination as it has later to his white
brother ; it was here that he had smoked
happy idolence after the long chase, and to be
forbidden to return and to give up his dea
spot to those bringing another civilization, that
he could not comprehend ; this was too much,
and hence the bloody deeds which history has
chronicled by the monument which overlooks
the placid water of the region.
B. L. Wick.
Cedar Rapid.s, Iowa.
To our Sisters of the Seneca Nation of
Indians.
[The following is an address to the Seneca
women recently sent by the Indian Comniitteti
of Philadelphia Yearly Meeting.]
We have often thought of you since we visited,
the School at Tunesassa, where many of youf,
children are being so kindly cared for, and are
learning lessons to be of use to them in the com-
ing days. We are glad you are pleased and
willing to send them to the Quakers, who have
always been the friends of the Indian, and will
teach them only what will do them good.
We feel a great and strong interest in you
and your children, and as we cannot come and
bring our message, we send it in writing. We
desire for you much happiness and comfort
knowing they are the sweet blessings, which,
come from our Heavenly Father, or the Great
Spirit's good hand, and are part of the reward
of well doing. We want you to know the deal
Lord Jesus, for yourselves — and to believe in
Him as your Redeemer, and the only one whc
can forgive your sins, and keep you from sin-
ning; and we want you to know of the pure
teachings of his great and holy Spirit in youi
hearts. It comes to all of us. A tender loving
voice is that of the Good Shepherd, who says
" My sheep hear my voice and I know then
and they follow me." This means they wil
hear and understand what He says, and do ai
He tells them. He shows them what is righ
and jiuit and good, and says do these things, am
then He shows them what is wrong and bad, auc
says do not do such wicked thiug.s.
If we do what is pleasing to our Heavenlj
Father, He will give us quiet spirits, and helj
us to bear the trials, the trouble and sorrow, wi ji
Seventh Mo. 17, 1897
THE FRIEND.
415
nay have in this life, and He intends these
ihould bring us nearer Hira, that He may hel[)
IS and do us good, so we feel we cannot do with-
)ut Him. And then He tells both white people
ind Indians that He has a beautiful home in
leaven, where his good people can live always ;
here is no sickness, nor sorrow, nor suffering ;
md no sin. But we must repent, be sorry for
lur sins and know of his forgiveness, and then
3e will take the weary and tired ones to this
weet rest. We are sure you will want to go
here, when these poor bodies die and are buried
n the earth ; you will want your spirits to be
lappy in the beautiful home, prepared for all
yho love the dear Saviour. But if we do not
isten to his voice and obey it, but give way to
vicked thoughts and feelings in our hearts, so
hat our deeds are evil, the great and Good
Spirit, will be grieved with us, and unless we
■epeut before we die, we will have to go to a
)lace where there is no happiness and all is dark-
less.
We tell you of these things because we want
ou to be happy and be saved from sin, and
Hoping you will choose the way the loving Father
in Heaven would lead you in. We do not want
'ou to follow the wicked spirit, the evil one that
uakcs people bad and unhappy. We want you
0 be good, noble-hearted women, who can help
'our fathers, your husbands, brothers and friends
0 he true Christians and to cease from all evil.
We very much regret that the habit of tak-
ng strong drink is one of the temptations among
rour people, and we feel to warn you against
this sin ; it is an enemy to your happiness and
iirosperity. Even cider, of which you have so
much, when taken to excess, hardens the heart
nd takes kind thoughts and feelings away from
t. Now when this desire for drink presses on peo-
ile they ought to resist it, and having no strength
f their own, they should ask the Grtat Spirit to
lelp them to overcome at the same time they
lust do all they can to help themselves. We
'inow women have a great deal of influence,
nd we so much desire our Indian sisters may
ie strong in good works, so they can help the
iirothers.
' We also want you to be very watchful over
our conduct, that your lives may show the
urity of your thoughts; and your words and
!eeds prove that the Lord is guiding you. Let
be marriage covenant be a holy one, a sacred
ie between two hearts, that only death can part.
1 husband should only have one wife, and a
'ife one husband; these must be true and faith-
j1 to each other, and love each other, if they
'ould be happy, and know of the blessing of the
rood Spirit in their homes. Should little ehild-
3n be given you, take them as a gift from your
leavenly Father, who intends you to care for
aeni tenderly and lovingly, and having known
)mething of the beautiful way to peace and hap-
iness yourselves, you can teach and guide them
1 the way to a better country, that is an heav-
oly.
The Good Book, the Scriptures of Truth, tells
s how the Lord sent his only Son, a long, long
me ago, into the world, who was to lead and
aide all who would follow, into paths of peace,
ad though He has gone back to Heaven He
)ves us all, and wants us to be good and happy.
Ve know there are many of you who have heard
f Him and are wanting and trying to become
is children, and He sees and knows you just
3 you are; we want you to have strong faith
1 Him to help you. We are glad to feel this
ir you, and having found the true treasure, we
ant you to tell the good tidings to others, whom
you meet, that the Lord is indeed good, his
ways are ways of pleasantness and all his paths
are peace ; and because of his power to bless or
blight, He is also to be feared.
We do not want to tire our sisters, but there
is one thing more to speak of, it is to encourage
you in the love and care of your homes, to have
them neat and clean, so your husbands (who.se
work is to improve the farms) will be glad to
come in and tind comfort and cheer, and will
not want to go to jilaces they should not, because
home is so nice and so happy, where kind words,
bright faces and good hearts are awaiting them.
And now dear sisters, in saying farewell, we
leave you in the care and kee])ing of our Father
in Heaven, hoping He will bless this offering
to you, as a help to all that is good, so that
through your ohedience to Hira, He will be
honored and glorified, while your happy por-
' '_, _ " d in
the life to come.
tion will be peace and joy in this life and
Witii loving interest we are your sisters,
Debby E. Cope,
Sakah E. Smith,
Ann W. Fry,
Sarah W. Roberts,
Hannah F. Carter,
Caroline C. Scattergood.
Philadelphia, Sixth Month loth, 1897.
Dr. Douthwaite of the China Inland Mis-
sion, as reported in the Christian Herald says :
" When I was in the city of Wunchau, with
two other families of our missionaries, we were
a long time without a supply of funds. We
had run very short of money, and, as it drew
towards Christmas time, we began to expect
some from England, which was our usual source
of supply. All the money was used up, but we
said, 'The steamer will be in at Christmas, and
then we shall surely get some more.' Christmas
evening came and with it the steamer, but no
money for us, nothing to encourage us at all.
Our hopes seemed dashed to the ground. We
knew that we could get no more money from
our usual source for probably fifteen days. We
went, as usual, and told the Lord all about it, for
we went out to China knowing that we had only
God to depend upon ; and we were quite satis-
fied that that was enough for us, and we told
our wants to Him.
" Now you will see how, that day, the Lord
having shut up one source to try our faith,
opened others. Before dinner-time a Chinaman
came along with a large piece of beef, and said,
" ' I want you to accept this as a present. I
have receive a great deal of medicine from you.
You have done me good, and you would not
take any money. Will you please take this?'
" I took it and thanked God for it. Soon
afterwards in came another Chinaman, a gentle-
man, with a coolie walking behind him with a
large bamboo over his shoulder, and a basket
hanging from each end. The man put the
things down in the reception-room, and I was
asked to come down. I went down and opened
the basket, and found in it four hams and some
little things besides. He said :
"' I want you to accept this as a present.'
" I did so, and thanked God for it. In came
another Chinaman with a fat pheasant and some
chickens and a basket of eggs, and he asked me
to accept these; I did accept them and thanked
God for them. But that was not all. Before
evening a European, connected with the consu-
lar service, came along, bringing with him a
coolie carrying a huge turkey. He said :
"'See, I have been feeding this turkey for
you mx. months. Will you accept it?'
" Thus the Lord provideil for us, and we had
an abundance of food for the whole of us, al-
though our usual 8uj)ply was cut off.
"Toward the evening I received a letter from
the Customhouse officers, saying that, as I had
gratuitously attended to them in cases of sick-
ness, they had subscribed to purchase a case of
instruments for me, but not knowing what I
wanted, would I kindly accept the n)oiiey ? Of
course I kindly did. They sent with the letter
a roll of seventy dollars. Our hearts were full
of joy. We gave God thanks for all he had
done for us ; and it is always a joy to me to
look back u|)on that occasion and other similar
ones, and remember what God has done."
" In Hoine wav or ntlior
The Lord will provide;
It may not be my w.iy, il rniiy not l>e tliy way,
But yet in his own way
The Lord will provide."
The type of vicious journalism, recently con-
demned by the resolutions of the Protestant
Ministers of New York is daily in evidence. A
paper of too good reputation to be classed
among those which pander to low tastes, re-
cently gave a double page illustration of some
of the "indecencies" which have shocked New
York and Brooklyn. The pictures were not as
gross and loud as those of Police Gazettes, but
they were of most disreputable personages, and
were not given such prominence by way of cen-
sorship. How vicious journalism directly con-
tributes to crime is most forcibly illustrated by
an incident given by President Gerry, of the
Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Chil-
dren. Some boys were arrested for burglary,
and taken to the office of the Society. Says
— Gerry :
" The next day a sensational paper came out
with a very sensational picture, illustrating the
young criminals in their crime. That very day,
two little boys came in with this sheet, and,
placing it on the desk in front of the officer in
charge of the Society's General Office, remarked,
' We'se members of dat gang. Put us under
arrest, too." They were told that the Society
had no authority to arrest them, but that they
should surrender themselves to a police officer.
This they did, and he marched them into court.
The nest day they were sent to the Society's re-
ception rooms to await examination ; but they
were very much disappointed when their pic-
tures did not appear in the paj)er. Our officers
constantly report that very young girls, who
have committed gross immoralities, frankly
give, as a reason for so doing, the love of noto-
riety and a desire to see themselves illustrated in
the newspapers."
— Gerry believes that the poison which
such papers daily pour into uneducated and im-
mature minds is one of the chief causes of the
increase of crime among children. Nor iloes
the evil stop there. These vile journals attack
the societies and institutions which endeavor to
rescue and protect child life from immoral and
criminal influences and represent them as tear-
ing the children ruthlessly away from their
natural protectors. This pleases vicious parents
and leads them to encourage their children in
bad ways. Far worse are the publications than
the dime novels which used to have a bad pre-
eminence.— The Independent.
[The course of The Briiifh Friend of latter
time seems to be directed towards an acknowl-
edgment of unity and fellowship with those
416
THE FRIEND.
Seventh Mo. 17, 1897
meetings in America which belong to what
are termed " Hicksite" bodies. The departure
from our primitive principles in many of the
progressive meetings, which, notwithstanding,
are owned and fellowshipped by London Yearly
Meeting, it uses as an argument why a similar
recognition should be extended to those who
separated in 1827 ; and who, it asserts, main-
tain in a large degree some of the fundamental
principles of Friends.
It seems to us that the proper effect of such
a line of argument should be to induce London
Yearly Meeting to bear an open and clear tes-
timony against all that contravenes our funda-
mental doctrines, and not to lead it to sanction
departures on one hand because it has drifted
into compromises witii error on the other hand.
Ed.1
Indeed when a waiting worship and a waiting
ministry are gone, there is nothing left of Quak-
erism. " Rev. Thomas C. Brown" advertises
on a circular before us, as " Pastor of the Friends'
Church" at Indianapolis, that there will be
" Preaching" at 10.30 and 7.45 every Sunday ;
and that on the evening of Easter Sunday there
will be an " Easter Song Service" with anthems,
quartettes and solos bearing on the Resurrec-
tion, whose programme is given, with names of
performers and composers ; and only differing
from a concert programme in that a collection,
a prayer, a Scripture lesson, an " Address by
the Pastor," and a " Benediction" occur. This
is the Quakerism Devonshire House elects to
support. That might be tolerable, or at any
rate a lesser evil of two, but to support it against
two other types of Quakerism which are bear-
ing a testimony to the light of Christ within
in much of its ancient purity and modern ful-
ness is hardly likely to be a permanently com-
fortable position for us. — The British Friend.
SUMMARY OF EVENTS.
United States. — The Tariff bill was passed by the
United Stales Senate on the 7th inst., by the deci-
sive vote of 38 to 28. The affirmative vote was Cixst
by thirty-five Republicans, two Silver Republicans,
Jones, of Nevada, and Mantle, and one Democrat,
McEnery. The negative vote was cast by twenty-
five Democrats, two Populists, Harris of Kansas, and
Turner, and one Silver Republican, Canon. Eight
Republicans were paired for the bill, and eight Demo-
crats against it. The Senators present and not voting
were: Populists, 5, viz: Allen, Butler, Heitfeld, Kyle
and Stewart. Silver Republicans, 2, viz: Teller and
Petligrew.
Two scientists of this city, C. D. White and Charles
Schuchert, actiug under orders from the National
Museum, left on the fourteeath inst. for Boston, where
they joined the Peary expedition which started for
the Arctic regions on the loih. The two scientists
will disembark at Disco Island, oft' the western coast
of Greenland, at about the seventieth parallel. Re-
cent discoveries in this region have brought to light
fossils which, it is said, tend to prove that Greenland
was once a country of tropical climate. Disco Island
and the adjacent mainland of Greenland, are especially
rich in interesting fossils and formations. Until about
the latter part of Ninth Mo. the two men will pursue
their investigations, when they will look for the re-
turn of the Peary ship.
Judge Simoaton, in the United States Circuit Court
at Charleston, S. C, handed down a decision which
makes perpetual the injunction recently granted pro-
hibiting State Dispensary constables from interfering
with the original package stores.
Of the hundred replies received by the Commis-
sioner of Labor of Nebraska from representative far-
mers to the question, " Does farming pay ? " Seventy-
one gave aa their opinion that farming does not pay,
twenty-one say it does, four that it pays as well as
anything else and four gave no reply.
At the request of the New York Board of Educa-
tion, a committee of three eminent ocuIIbIs is making
an investigation to determine the most desirable color
for school-room walls.
United States Senator Isham G. Harris, of Tennes-
see, died in Washington, D. C, on the Sth inst., in
his seventy-ninth year. He had been a member of
the U. S. Senate twenty years. During the Civil War
he served as Governor (Confederate) of Tennessee.
A train on the Kansas Pacific Railroad was detained
at Arroya, Colo., f.ir eight hours, owing to the millions
of grasshoppers which congregated along the rails,
and prevented the train from running.
Fourteen people are now known to have been killed
in the tornadoes and cloud-bursts in the northeastern
section of Minnesota on the 6th and 7th of this month.
Two thousand Illinois miners are on strike. Under
the present scale they say they can make onlj; 90
cents a day.
News has reached Tacoma that the volcano on
Douglass Island, opposite Juneau, Alaska, is in a state
of eruption.
Deaths in this city last week were 506, being 14
more than the previous week, and 26 less than the cor-
responding week of last year. Of the foregoing, 255
were females and 251 males — 171 were under one year
of age: 81 died of cholera infantum ; 40 of consump-
tion ; 36 of heart disease ; 30 of marasmus ; 27 of pneu-
monia; 26 of old age; 23of inflammation of the stomach
and bowels; 21 of diphtheria ; 15 of inflammation of
the brain ; 14 of convulsions ; 13 of scarlet fever ; 12
of cancer; 12 of inanition ; 11 of apoplexy; 11 were
drowned, and 9 of Bright's disease.
Markets, &C.—V. S. 2's, 96J a 98; 4's, reg.. Ill J a
112 ; coupon, 112 a 112^; new 4's, 124| a 125i; cur-
rency 6's, lOU-a 104^.
Cotton was quiet and steady on a basis of 8 3-16c.
per pound for middling uplands.
Feed.— Spot bran, $10.00 a $11.00 per ton for win-
ter in bulk, and $10.00 a $10 50 for spring in sacks.
Flour. — Winter super, $2.75 a $2.90; do., extras,
^3.00 a $3.25 ; Pennsylvania roller, clear, $3.70 a $3.85;
do., do., straight, $3.85 a $4.00 ; Western winter, clear,
$3.75 a $3.90; do., do., straight, $3.90 a $4.00; do.,
do., patent, $4.15 a $4.35 ; spring, clear, $3.50 a $3.75 ;
do., straight, $3.80 a $4.00 ; do., patent, $4.00 a $4.20 ;
do., favorite brands, higher. City mills, extra, $3.10
a $3.40; do., clear, $4.00 a $4.15: do., straight, $4.15
a $4.25 ; do., patent, $4.25 a $4.50. Rye Flour.—
$2 25 a $2.35 per bbl. as to quality.
Grain.— No. 2 red wheat, 71^ a 71^c.
No. 2 mixed corn, 30} a 30|c.
No. 2 white oats, 24A a 25c.
Beef Cattle. — Extra, 4J a 5c.; good, 4g a 4|c.;
medium, 4f a 450.; common, 4 a 4}c.
Sheep and Lambs. — Extra, 4 a 4Jc.; good, 3 J a 3Jc.;
medium, 3 a 3Jc.; common, 2 a 2^c.; lambs, 4^ a 6c.
Hogs. — Best Western, 6} a 5^c.; other kind, 5 a ojc;
State, 4J a 6c.
Foreign. — Lord Salisbury, on the Sth inst., stated
in the House of Lords, that the delay in the settle-
ment of the peace terms between Turkey and Greece
was entirely the fault of the former Power. Having
alluded to the situation in 1878, pointing out that then
a Ru.ssian army was at the gates of Constantinople,
Lord Salisbury remarked that, as proportioned to the
circumstances, the year 1897 became analagous of the
year 1878, so his hopes of a satisfactory result in-
In an interview in London last week, John W. Fos-
ter, the United States Seal Commissioner, in speaking
of Hawaii, said : We learned the sentiments of Russia
and France during our visit to St. Petersburg and
Paris. They wont object to annexation, and regard
it as natural and inevitable. I do not believe Great
Britain will object. The European Governments may
not like it, but they are reconciled to it.
The Marine Journal says of the newly discovered
rock in the Atlantic Ocean, that early in Fifth Month,
Captain L. Lloyd, of the British ship Crompion, found
it at 47 degrees north and 37 degrees 20 minutes west.
It is about 60 feet long, from 8 to 10 feet wide, and
awash, with the exception of a piece in the centre,
which stands about 8 feet high.
A circular note has been sent to the Powers by
Russia, suggesting that steps he taken to expedite the
conclusion of peace between Greece and Turkey.
Emperor Francis Joseph has advised the Sultan, in
response to his request, to conclude peace with Greece
on the basis of the conditions the Ambassadors have
formulated, which are the maximum concessions rec-
ognized by the concert.
On lhe'9li|inpfc<a^e(|l^note from the Powers
was prese^B tJ^e T*kisW Government, demand-
ing a ces^jpn ^L^ie^ofttruction of the peace nego-
tiati(ms. rlic demands of the Ambassadors of the
Powers relative to the Greco-Turkish frontier, have
been rejected by the Turkish Council of Ministers.
The reply virtually implies a rupture of the negotia-. |
lions and that the Powers must make a concession or, 1
adopt measures to enforce their decision. It is thought' |
probable the Ambassadors at Constantinople will re- :
commend their governments to recall them and or- \
ganize a naval demonstration to compel Turkey to I
yield. !
The Spanish Queen Regent has pardoned lOS Cu4 |
bans who had been deported to the penal settlements' 1
at Cauta, Fernan lo and the Cueffarine Islands. The i
men pardoned will be permitted to return to Cub.i.
Advices from the South of France show that the
destruction by the floods there was greater even than
earlier reports indicated. The losses are estimated
at 200,000,000 francs in the aggregate. Hardly a vil- |
lage has escaped damage, and the number of persons. 1
drowned is quite 300. ' j
The London Daily Mail's correspondent at St. Pet-
ersburg says : "The harvest prospects in Central and
South Russia are growing worse an I worse. Continu- 1
ous rains are destroying the hay crops, while the ex-
ceptionally poor beet crop in Podolien (Podolia) haa i
practically ruined the sugar industry." ■ j
The crops in some of the Baltic provinces also suf: |
fered heavily from rains, and a significant sign of thft
gravity of the situation is the fact that an unusually
severe censorship is exercised over news concerning
it. There is every likelihood that the present will
be one of the darkest years in Russian history.
Forty persons were killed and eighty-four others
seriously injured in a railway collision at Gzentofte,
Denmark, on the 12th instant.
A cablegram from Calcutta says it is rumored that
all the mill hands up the Hoogly have struck work,
and that they are preparing to march 8000 strong to
reinforce the rioters. The Government has ordered
the military to intercept them.
RECEIPTS.
Unless otherwise specified, two dollars have been re-
ceived from eacti person, paying for vol. 71.
Elizabeth B. Ash, Pa.; Walter P. Stokes, N. J.;
Geo. P. Stokes, and for Martha Micklc, N. J. ; Wm.
G. England, Nova Scotia; Rufus Churchill, NoVs
Scotia, for Thomas J. Beans, N. J. ; Pardon Tucker,
R. I.
S!^ Remittances received after Third-day evening wUt
not appear in the Receipts until the following week.
Barclay Home. — The Managers inform that there
are now vacant in " The Barclay Home," two large
rooms, where Friends desiring either permanent or
transient board can be comfortably accommodated at
reasonable rates. The house is situated in a pleasant
part of the borough and with its commodious porches
and ample grounds is a desirable residence.
Those wishing to avail themselves of its privileges
will please make early application to
The Barclay Home, 326 N. Walnut St.,
West Chester, Pa.
Westtown Boarding School. — A Stated Meeting
of the Committee on Admissions will be held at Fourth
and Arch streets, on Seventh-day, the twenty-fourth
inst., at 10 A. M. John \V. Biddle, Clerk.
Friends Select School will re-open Ninth Mo.
20th. For printed circular or other information, ad-
dress J. Henry Bartlett, Sup't,
140 N. Sixteenth Street. ■
Friends' Library.— During the Seventh Month,
and until further notice, the Library will be open on
Second and Fifth-day afternoons only, at three o'clock,
AVantf.p. — A person to instruct and care for two
children under eight years of age, and assist in house-
hold duties. Address, stating experience, etc.,
"B," Office of The Friend.
Died, Fifth Month 20tb, 1897, Sarah B. Cham-
bers, in the eighty-sixth year of her age. She was a
member and Overseer of New Garden Monthly Meet-
ing of Friends, in Chester County, Pennsylvania
During the months of suflering, which preceded hei
death, she showed a remarkable fortitude and acquies-
cence in the Divine will. Her "chamber pf sick-
ness " was often a place of prayer and praise. It
softly murmured passages of Scripture, and lines and
verses of poetry and hymns, those around her could
gather the needs of her spirit, and the love, and hope
and trust which overcame all fear. All her life-lonf
an advocate and promoter of "love and unity," th(
promise applies to her : " Blesse 1 are the peaceraak
ers for thev shall be called the child ren of God."
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